Wikipedia igwiki https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihu_mb%E1%BB%A5 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.22 first-letter Midia Ọpụrụiche Ńkàtá Ojiarụ Ńkàtá ojiarụ Wikipedia Ńkàtá Wikipedia Faịlụ Ńkàtá faịlụ MidiaWiki Ńkàtá MidiaWiki Templeeti Ńkàtá templeeti Enyemaka Ńkàtá enyemaka Otú Ńkàtá otú Édēchághị́ Ńkàtá Édēchághị́ TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2336 729896 724191 2026-10-01T20:55:07Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729896 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abakaliki''' ''{{Audio|Ig-Abakaliki.ogg|(Mkpọpụta)}}'' bụ isi obodo nke Ebonyi Steeti dị na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]], kilomita irí isii na anọ mi iri anọ n'ebe ndịda ọ bụla nke [[Enụgwụ|Enugu]]. Ndị bi ebe ahụ bụ ndị mba [[Ndị Ìgbò|Igbo]]. Ọ bụ isi ụlọ ọrụ nke ógbè [[Ogoja]] tupu e mepụta steeti ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ na 1967. [[Usòrò:Abakaliki_metropolis_with_Azugwu_Hill_in_background_03_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Obodo ukwu Abakeleke na ugwu Azugwu n'azụ atọ (a kụrụ) ]] == Okwu mmalite == Aha Abakeleke pụtara 'Aba Nkaleke' na mbụ ma bụrụ aha obodo dị n'ala Izzi (Nkaleke). == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Abakeleke bụ ebe dị mkpa maka ahia ohu na narị afọ nke iri na asaa. Ahịa ohu gara n'ihu n'ógbè ahụ site na mwakpo [[Aro People|Aro]] na Abakaliki na mpaghara ndị gbara ya gburugburu na narị afọ nke 18. [[Usòrò:Old_Abakaliki.png|center|thumb|900x900px|Abakeleke Ochie, ca.1910]] == Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba == Abakeleke, dị ka ọ dị n'oge gara aga, bụ ebe azụmahịa ugbo gụnyere ngwaahịa ndị dị ka [[Jí|yam]], akpụ, [[Oskàpà|osikapa]], na [[Nmanu nri|mmanụ nkwụ]] na mkpụrụ nkwụ. A makwaara ya maka isi obodo ya, zinc, [[Ńnú|nnu]], na igwu ala nzụ ọcha ma ọ bụ igwu ala.<ref name="eb" /> Ha na-akwado ogige golf na ọtụtụ ụlọ nkwari. E nwekwara ugbo ọkụkọ na nke na-emepụta [[Ákwà|àkwá]] na steeti ahụ.<ref name=eb>{{harvnb|Hoiberg|2010|p=7}}</ref> == Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na ya == Ọnụọgụ ikpeazụ a maara nke Abakeleke dị puku narị abụọ na iri abụọ na atọ afọ n'afọ 2022. E mere atụmatụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na mpaghara metro ahụ dị puku narị isii na iri isii na abụọ n' afọ 2023). <ref>{{Cite web|title=Abakaliki, Nigeria Metro Area Population 1950-2024|url=https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/206382/abakaliki/population|accessdate=2023-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227145654/https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/206382/abakaliki/population|archive-date=2024-02-27|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ === Ndị Igbo bi na Abakeleke n'ozuzu ha. Abakeleke bụ ndị bi n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Igbo nke mpaghara Afikpo-Abakeleke. A na-ejikwa Abakeleke na-ezo aka na ndị Abakeleke ochie na-agụnye Ohaukwu-Ishielu-Izzi-Ezza-Ikwo. == Ọnọdụ ihu igwe == Oge ọkọchị na Abakaliki na-ekpo ọkụ, na-ekpuchi, ma na-ekpu ọkụ ebe oge mmiri na-ekwo ekpo ọkụ, mmegbu, na ihu igwe. Okpomọkụ anaghị ada n'okpuru ° F iri ise nà asaa ma ọ bụ rịa elu karịa ° F iri iteghete na abụọ n'afọ niile, na-agbanwekarị n'etiti ° F iri isii na ise na ° F iri asatọ na iteghete.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Abakaliki Climate, Weather By Month, Average Temperature (Nigeria) - Weather Spark|url=https://weatherspark.com/y/58525/Average-Weather-in-Abakaliki-Nigeria-Year-Round|accessdate=2023-07-15|work=weatherspark.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Abakaliki, Ebonyi, NG Climate Zone, Monthly Averages, Historical Weather Data|url=https://tcktcktck.org/nigeria/ebonyi/abakaliki#:~:text=Abakaliki%20Climate%20Summary&text=The%20district%27s%20yearly%20temperature%20is,%25%20of%20the%20time)%20annually.|accessdate=2023-07-15|work=tcktcktck.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Abakaliki Annual Weather Averages|url=https://www.worldweatheronline.com/abakaliki-weather/ebonyi/ng.aspx|accessdate=2023-07-15|work=WorldWeatherOnline.com|language=en}}</ref> == Ihe owuwu == Abakeleke dị n'ebe ụzọ [[Enụgwụ|Enugu]], [[Afikpo]] na [[Ogoja]] jikọtara. Abakeleke nwekwara ụlọ ọgwụ gọọmentị etiti, nke nyere aka nke ukwuu n'ịkwụ ụgwọ maka inye nlekọta ahụike ọha na eze na obodo na steeti.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-06-25|title=Ebonyi rates highest on drug abuse, says official|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2021/06/ebonyi-rates-highest-on-drug-abuse-says-official/|accessdate=2021-06-27|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> E nweela nnukwu mmepe na-aga n'ihu n'etiti obodo; ndị a gụnyere iwu okporo ụzọ, ụlọ ahịa na ebe ahịa, àkwà mmiri na-efe efe na-agafe Sahara na njikọ presco na spera-in-deo n'etiti ndị ọzọ. === Mmụta === Isi ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Ebonyi State University dị na mpụga obodo ahụ. == Okpukpe == Ndị Abakeleke dị ka ndị ọzọ nọ n'ebe ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Naijiria bụ ndị Kraịst. Okpukpe ndị ọzọ dị ka omenala, Alakuba, wdg. bụ ndị ụmụ amaala ole na ole na ndị na-abụghị ụmụ amaala si n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke mba ahụ na-eme. Roman Katọlik, Presbyterian, Anglican na ozi Pentikọstal ndị ọzọ bụ okwukwe Ndị Kraịst kachasị. Na mkpụrụ ụbọchị nke mbụ nke ọnwa Machị afọ 1973, e mere obodo ahụ isi oche nke Roman katoliki Diocese nke Abakeleke . <ref>{{Cite book|author=Steensel|first=Nico van|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=slYuAQAAIAAJ&q=1973+Roman+Catholic+Diocese+of+Abakaliki+-wikipedia|title=The Izi: Their History and Customs|date=1996|publisher=Abakaliki Literacy and Translation Committee|language=en}}</ref> == Ihe edeturu n'okpuru ala == {{Reflist}} == Edensibia == *   *   * {{Cite book|author=Oriji|first=John N.|title=Political Organization in Nigeria Since the Last Stone Age: A History of the Igbo People|url=https://archive.org/details/politicalorganiz0000orij|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=New York, NY|year=2011|isbn=978-0-230-62193-0}} {{Cities in Nigeria}} [[Òtù:Nigerian state capitals]] rl786g7cd7x6xdrzf4ca5ki47xowt9j 0 8626 729926 724283 2026-10-02T03:30:51Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729926 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Amina Titilayo Atiku-Abubakar, '''{{Audio|Ha-Amina Titi Abubakar.ogg|Audio}}bụ nwunye nke onye na-esota onye isi ala Federal Republic of Nigeria, [[Atiku Abubakar]]. Ọ bụ onye na-akwado ndị inyom na ụmụaka. Ọ bụ onye guzobere Nzụkọ na-ahụ maka nkụzị gbasara ahia ụmụ nwanyi na ụmụaka 'Women Trafficking and Child Labour Eradication Foundation (WOTCLEF)' na onye malitere<ref>{{cite news|title=Women Trafficking and Child Labour Eradication Foundation (WOTCLEF)|url=http://www.comminit.com/africa/content/women-trafficking-and-child-labour-eradication-foundation-wotclef|accessdate=16 June 2017|work=The Communication Initiative Network|date=21 March 2011|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170530112636/http://comminit.com/africa/content/women-trafficking-and-child-labour-eradication-foundation-wotclef|archive-date=30 May 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> iwu nke onwe ya nke mere ka e guzobe 'National Agency for Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP)'. == Mbido Ndụ na agụm akwụkwọ == Titi Amina Atiku Abubakar ka a mụrụ n'ebe obibi ndị Kraịst n'ezinụlọ Albert Yoruba nke si Ilesa,<ref>{{cite web|title=My battle to marry Atiku Titi Abubakar - OnlineNigeria.com|url=http://nm.onlinenigeria.com/templates/?a=4580|website=nm.onlinenigeria.com|publisher=Online Nigeria|accessdate=16 June 2017|language=en|archivedate=7 September 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907212707/http://nm.onlinenigeria.com/templates/?a=4580}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=pj8uAQAAIAAJ&q=|page=96|title=The News, Volume 18|publisher=Independent Communications Network Limited|year=2002|location=Nigeria}}</ref> Osun. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ nke Primari na Sekondiri n' ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị ozi ala ọzọ, bụ nke Roman <ref>{{cite news|title=Hajiya Titi Abubakar: Working to restore human dignity|url=http://www.weekend.peoplesdailyng.com/index.php/lifestyle/womanhood/1739-hajiya-titi-abubakar-working-to-restore-human-dignity|accessdate=16 June 2017|work=www.weekend.peoplesdailyng.com|publisher=People's Daily|language=en-gb|archive-date=23 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823115041/http://www.weekend.peoplesdailyng.com/index.php/lifestyle/womanhood/1739-hajiya-titi-abubakar-working-to-restore-human-dignity|url-status=dead}}</ref> Katọlik nwere. A zụlitere ya na Lagos ma mesịa lụọ Atiku Abubakar, tupu ya agaa Polytechnic Kaduna.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=0p8uAQAAIAAJ&q=|title=Atiku: the story of Atiku Abubakar|author=Onukaba Adinoyi-Ojo|publisher=Africana Legacy Press|year=2006}}</ref> E wezụga Bekee, ọ na-asụ asụsụ asụsụ Yoruba na Hausa.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com.ng/books?id=hnGLAAAAIAAJ&q=|title=Amazing crusade: media portrait of the Titi Atiku Abubakar war against human trafficking|volume=1|author=Josiah Emerole|publisher=s.n. (Women Trafficking and Child Labour Eradication Foundation)|year=2002}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ọ kụziela na <ref>{{cite news|title=Hajiya Titi Abubakar: Working to restore human dignity|url=http://www.weekend.peoplesdailyng.com/index.php/lifestyle/womanhood/1739-hajiya-titi-abubakar-working-to-restore-human-dignity|accessdate=16 June 2017|work=www.weekend.peoplesdailyng.com|publisher=People's Daily|language=en-gb|archive-date=23 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823115041/http://www.weekend.peoplesdailyng.com/index.php/lifestyle/womanhood/1739-hajiya-titi-abubakar-working-to-restore-human-dignity|url-status=dead}}</ref>Kaduna State Polytechnic == Njem ojere na Rome == Mgbe ọ nọ na Rome ịga n'ihu agụmakwụkwọ ya n'agbata afọ 1986 - 1987, ọ hụrụ ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị Naijiria n'okporo ámá. Mgbe ọ jụsịrị ajụjụ, ọ chọpụtara na ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ụmụ agbọghọ ahụ na-eje ozi dị ka ndị na-agba akwụna maka ndị nne ha ukwu.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hajiya Titi Abubakar: Working to restore human dignity|url=http://www.weekend.peoplesdailyng.com/index.php/lifestyle/womanhood/1739-hajiya-titi-abubakar-working-to-restore-human-dignity|accessdate=16 June 2017|work=www.weekend.peoplesdailyng.com|publisher=People's Daily|language=en-gb|archive-date=23 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823115041/http://www.weekend.peoplesdailyng.com/index.php/lifestyle/womanhood/1739-hajiya-titi-abubakar-working-to-restore-human-dignity|url-status=dead}}</ref> na-anaghị akwụ ụgwọ mgbe ọbụla. Ọ chọpụtakwara na a ghọgburu ha na nkwa na ha ga-arụ ọrụ n'Ịtali, nke a kpaliri ya ịkwado nkwa ime ihe gbasara ọnọdụ ọ bụla mgbe ọ nọ n'ọnọdụ nke ike na ikike. == Nkwado == N'afọ 1999, mgbe di ya bụ [[Atiku Abubakar]]  ghọrọ Onye na-esote onye isi ala, o jidere ohere a ịmalite ịkwado ndụmọdụ iji kwụsị ịgba akwụna a na-amanye mmanye na ụdị ndị ọzọ nke ịzụ ahịa mmadụ. Akpa, o guzobere Women's Trafficking and Child Labor Labor Eradication Foundation (WOTCLEF), ma kwadoro ụgwọ nke onwe maka ntaramahụhụ siri ike maka ndị na-azụ ahịa a, nakwa maka ntọala ụlọ ọrụ gọọmenti etiti (National Agency for Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons) nke ga-ebu maka agha ahia ndi mmadu no na Naijiria. Ọ malitere ịbịa nabata ụmụ agbọghọ na-eme ka ụmụ agbọghọ si mba dị iche iche gbanwee.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sufuyan|first1=Ojeifo|title=My battle to marry Atiku Titi Abubakar - OnlineNigeria.com|url=http://nm.onlinenigeria.com/templates/?a=4580|accessdate=16 June 2017|work=nm.onlinenigeria.com|publisher=Online Nigeria|language=en|archive-date=7 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907212707/http://nm.onlinenigeria.com/templates/?a=4580|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ihe Nrita == * 2010 - D'linga Award <ref>{{cite news|last1=Ojoma|first1=Akor|title=Nigeria: Titi Atiku, Osaze, 73 Others Win d'Linga Award|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201006280526.html|accessdate=16 June 2017|work=Daily Trust (Abuja)|publisher=All Africa|date=28 June 2010}}</ref> * 2002 - Annual Nigerian Women's Award <ref>{{cite news|title=Nigeria: Titi Atiku, 16 Others Bag Women Awards|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200205290191.html|accessdate=16 June 2017|work=This Day (Lagos)|publisher=All Africa|date=29 May 2002}}</ref> == Mbipụta == * ''Educating the Nigerian Child'' (2005) <ref>{{cite web|title=African Books Collective: Educating the Nigerian Child|url=http://www.africanbookscollective.com/books/educating-the-nigerian-child|website=www.africanbookscollective.com|publisher=African Book Collective|access-date=16 June 2017}} </ref>  <ref>{{cite book|last1=Atiku-Abubakar|first1=Amina Titi|title=Educating the Nigerian Child (Paperback) by Amina Titi Atiku Abubakar, Chris Chirwa: Spectrum Books Ltd ,Nigeria, Nigeria 9789780294229 Paperback - The Book Depository|date=2005|publisher=Spectrum Books Ltd, Nigeria|location=Nigeria|isbn=9780294228|url=https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=2694286474|access-date=16 June 2017|language=en}}</ref> * ''Empower Law to Fight Child Slavery'' (2001) <ref>{{cite book|last1=Atiku Abubakar|first1=Amina Titi|title=Empower law to fight child slavery|date=2001|publisher=WOTCLEF|location=Nigeria|url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/empower-law-to-fight-child-slavery/oclc/810891038|language=English}}</ref> * ''Let us celebrate humanity: a collected speeches on women's right and human trafficking'' (200x?) <ref>{{cite book|last1=Atiku Abubakar|first1=Amina Titi|last2=Fagbohungbe|first2=Tunde|last3=Fabiyi|first3=Sayo|title=Let us celebrate humanity: a collected speeches on women's right and human trafficking, volume II|publisher=WOTCLEF|url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/let-us-celebrate-humanity-a-collected-speeches-on-womens-right-and-human-trafficking-volume-ii/oclc/810886562|access-date=16 June 2017|language=English}}</ref> == Leekwa == * [[Atiku Abubakar]] == Ṅrụtụaka == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Atiku-Abubaar, Amina}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 1ioxps0agd728h5ib4hkvy4fisn4r0s 0 11044 729916 632111 2026-10-02T01:42:12Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Alexx Ekubo''' (amuru '''Alex Ekubo-Okwaraeke''' ; 10 Eprel, 1986) bu onye omee ihe nkiri na ihe nlereanya nke Naijiria. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2013/05/04/bn-saturday-celebrity-interview-i-dont-have-to-prove-anything-rising-actor-alex-ekubo-gives-his-most-intimate-interview-on-the-hilarious-gay-rumours-dishes-on-his-dream-girl-his-passions|title=I don't have anything to prove to anyone|publisher=bellanaija.com|accessdate=25 April 2014}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye mbụ gbagoro na asọmpi Mr Nigeria nke afọ 2010. Ọ meriri onye na- ''eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma na onyinye nkwado'' na 2013 Best of Nollywood Awards maka ọrụ ya na Weekend Gateway. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theinfostride.com/2014/02/nigerian-actor-alex-ekubo-wins-screen-nation-award-in-london|title=Alex Ekubo wins Screen Nation Award|accessdate=25 April 2014|archivedate=24 July 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724004147/https://www.theinfostride.com/2014/02/nigerian-actor-alex-ekubo-wins-screen-nation-award-in-london/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4200896/bio|title=Alex Ekubo profile at|publisher=imdb.com|accessdate=25 April 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.genevieveng.com/chillin-with-alex-ekubo|title=Genevieve Magazine interviews Alex Ekubo|publisher=genevieveng.com|accessdate=25 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426234219/http://www.genevieveng.com/chillin-with-alex-ekubo/|archivedate=2014-04-26}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ekubo bu onye [[Arochukwu]], [[Ȯra Abia|Abia State]] . Ọ gara Federal Government College Daura, [[Ȯra Katsina|Katsina State]] . Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ gbasara iwu na Mahadum Calabar wee nweta diplọma na iwu na Calabar Polytechnic. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/the-fashionista/my-mom-taught-me-all-i-know-about-fashion-alex-ekubo-actor|title=My Mum taught me all I know in Fashion - Alex Ekubo|publisher=punchng.com|accessdate=25 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426115656/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/the-fashionista/my-mom-taught-me-all-i-know-about-fashion-alex-ekubo-actor/|archivedate=2014-04-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.informationng.com/2014/03/yemi-alade-remains-silent-on-relationship-with-alex-ekubo.html|title=Yemi Alade remains Silent on Relationship to Alex Ekubo|publisher=informationng.com|accessdate=25 April 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/8289/4/|title='Why I don't have a Girl girlfriend', Alex Ekubo opens up|accessdate=25 April 2014|archivedate=11 February 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230211064800/https://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/8289/4/}}</ref> Na 10th nke Mee 2021, Alex Ekubo na onye ọ chọrọ elụ Fancy Acholonu kwupụtara ụbọchị agbamakwụkwọ ha na Instagram. Agbamakwụkwọ ọdịnala ha ga-eme n'ụbọchị Satọde, abalị iri abụọ n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'Imo steeti, ebe agbamakwụkwọ ndị ọcha ga-eme na Satọde na-abịa n'abalị iri abụọ na asaa n'ọnwa Nọvemba na Legọs steeti. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vibespro.ng/entertainment/actor-alex-ekubo-and-his-fiancee-fancy-acholonu-announce-their-wedding-dates/|title='Actor Alex Ekubo and his fiancee Fancy Acholonu announce their wedding dates|publisher=Vibespro.ng|accessdate=10 May 2021}}</ref> N'August 2021 nwunye Alex kwụsịrị njikọ ha na Fancy Acholonu na-ewepụta nkwupụta na mmekọrịta ha akwụsịla. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Okoye|first=Ifeoma|date=2021-08-28|title=Fans Reacts To Alex EKubo's Video Amid Failed Engagement: "He Looks Lost"|url=https://surgezircng.com/entertainment/fans-reacts-to-alex-ekubos-video-amid-failed-engagement-he-looks-lost/|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=SurgeZirc Nigeria|language=en-GB|archivedate=2021-08-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828165527/https://surgezircng.com/entertainment/fans-reacts-to-alex-ekubos-video-amid-failed-engagement-he-looks-lost/}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Mpụta ihe nkiri Ekubo bụ obere ọrụ na [[Lancelot Oduwa Imasuen]] 's ''Sinners in the House'' (2005); Ọrụ izizi ya bụ na ''Ladies Men'' ọtụtụ afọ ka e mesịrị. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailyindependentnig.com/2013/11/love-smell-good-appealing-alex-ekubo|title=I love to Smell Good|publisher=dailyindependent.com|accessdate=25 April 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426202129/http://dailyindependentnig.com/2013/11/love-smell-good-appealing-alex-ekubo/|archivedate=2014-04-26}}</ref> == Igwe onyonyo == * ''Secrets &Scandal'' * ''Hope Bay'' * ''Happy Family'' * ''[[Tinsel (usoro onyonyo)|Tinsel]]'' * ''AY's Crib'' * ''Married to the Game'' ==Ihe nkiri== *''Aina'' (2011) *''[[Weekend Getaway]] (2012)'' *''True Citizens (2012)'' *''In the Cupboard (2012)'' *''Dream Walker (2013)'' *''Keeping my Man (2013)'' *''[[Lagos Cougars]] (2013)'' *''[[Champagne (2014 film)|Champagne]]'' (2014) *''Single, Married and Complicated'' (2014) *''Ifedolapo'' (2014)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/07/tope-osoba-gives-alex-ekubo-first-yoruba-movie-role/|title=Tope Osoba gives Alex Ekubo first Yoruba movie role|date=July 15, 2014|accessdate=August 11, 2015|publisher=The Vanguard}}</ref> *''[[Gold Diggin]]'' (2014) <small>(with [[Yvonne Nelson]] and [[Rukky Sanda]])</small> *''Undercover Lover'' (2015) *''All that Glitters'' (2015) *''The First Lady'' (2015) <small>(with [[Omoni Oboli]])</small> *''[[Gbomo Gbomo Express]]'' (2015) *''Death Toll'' (2015)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://199news.com/news/death-toll-alexx-ekubo-ik-ogbonna-mike-godson-star-in-new-movie|title='Death Toll': Alexx Ekubo, IK Ogbonna, Mike Godson star in new movie|website=199News|publisher=Ayebusiwa Victor|accessdate=25 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525182251/http://199news.com/news/death-toll-alexx-ekubo-ik-ogbonna-mike-godson-star-in-new-movie|archive-date=25 May 2015|url-status=dead|archivedate=25 May 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525182251/http://199news.com/news/death-toll-alexx-ekubo-ik-ogbonna-mike-godson-star-in-new-movie}}</ref> *''Entreat'' (2016) *''The Other Side of the Coin'' (2016) *''[[Diary of a Lagos Girl]]'' (2016) *''Wife Material'' (2017)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ibakatv.com/wife-material|title=Wife Material - iBAKATV {{!}} Home for Nollywood Movies|website=ibakatv.com|language=en|access-date=2019-02-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190223074344/https://ibakatv.com/wife-material|archive-date=2019-02-23|url-status=dead|accessdate=2021-11-10|archivedate=2019-02-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190223074344/https://ibakatv.com/wife-material}}</ref> *''[[A Man for the Weekend]]'' (2017) <small>(with [[Syndy Emade]])</small> *''Catcher'' (2017) *''3 is a Crowd'' (2017)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blog.irokotv.com/2017/04/28/3-crowd-now-playing-irokotv/|title=3 IS A CROWD now playing on iROKOtv!|date=2017-04-28|website=irokotv blog|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-23|accessdate=2021-11-10|archivedate=2021-12-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209101603/http://blog.irokotv.com/2017/04/28/3-crowd-now-playing-irokotv/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.talkafricanmovies.com/3-is-a-crowd/|title=3 IS A CROWD|date=2017-07-31|website=Talk African Movies|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-23}}</ref> *''Hot Girl Next Door'' (2018)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://midevibez.com/hot-girl-next-door-nollywood-movie-2019/|title=Hot Girl Next Door (2018) - nlist {{!}} Nollywood, Nigerian Movies & Casting|language=en-GB|work=midevibez.com|accessdate=2019-02-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130022453/https://midevibez.com/hot-girl-next-door-nollywood-movie-2019/|archive-date=2020-11-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> *''Hot Girl Next Door'' (2018)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://koko.ng/alexx-ekubo-seen-lost-while-on-trip-with-bff-ik-ogbonna/|title=Alexx Ekubo Seen Lost In Thoughts - Koko {{!}} Nollywood, Nigerian Actor|website=koko.ng|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-02-22|accessdate=2022-08-16|archivedate=2021-08-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827203542/https://koko.ng/alexx-ekubo-seen-lost-while-on-trip-with-bff-ik-ogbonna/}}</ref> *''Switch'' (2018) *''Power of 1'' (2018) *''The American King: As told by an African Priestess'' (2019) *''[[The Bling Lagosians|Bling Lagosians]]'' (2019) *''Zero Hour '' (2019) *[[Your Excellency (film)|''Your Excellency'']] (2019) *''72 hours'' (2019) *[[Soft Work|''Soft Work'']] (2020) *''[[Son of Mercy (film)|Son of Mercy]]'' (2020) == Ihe nrite == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" !Afọ ! Ihe nrite ! Otu ! Ihe nkiri ! Nsonaazụ ! Ref |- | 2012 | Best of Nollywood Awards | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma | ''In the Cupboard'' | {{won}} | |- | rowspan="2" | 2013 | Golden Icons Academy Movie Awards | Onye na-akwado ihe nkiri kacha mma | rowspan="2" | ''Weekend Gateway'' | {{won}} | |- | Best of Nollywood Awards | Onye na-akwado ihe nkiri kacha mma | {{won}} | |- | 2014 | Screen Nation Awards | Akachasị mmasị nwoke na-apụta ihuenyo nka (African) | Himself | {{won}} | <ref>{{Cite web|title=Alex Ekubo wins SNA|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.ng/article/alex-ekubo-wins-big-sna-2014|publisher=dailytimes.com|accessdate=25 April 2014}}</ref> |- | 2017 | Best of Nollywood Awards | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma n'ọrụ ndu - Bekee | ''Inikpi'' |{{nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-11-23|title=BON Awards 2017: Kannywood’s Ali Nuhu receives Special Recognition Award|url=https://dailytrust.com/bon-awards-2017-kannywood-s-ali-nuhu-receives-special-recognition-award|accessdate=2021-10-07|work=Daily Trust|language=en|archivedate=2021-10-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007214920/https://dailytrust.com/bon-awards-2017-kannywood-s-ali-nuhu-receives-special-recognition-award}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" | 2020 | rowspan="2" | Best of Nollywood Movies Awards | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma n'ọrụ nkwado (Bekee) | rowspan="2" | ''[[The Bling Lagosians|Ndi Bling Lagos]]'' |{{won}} |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Augoye|first=Jayne|date=2020-12-07|title=BON Awards: Laura Fidel, Kunle Remi win Best Kiss (Full List of Winners)|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/429916-bon-awards-laura-fidel-kunle-remi-win-best-kiss-full-list-of-winners.html|accessdate=2021-06-13|language=en-GB}}</ref> |- | Kiss kacha mma na ihe nkiri |{{nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web|author=Augoye|first=Jayne|date=2020-12-02|title=2020 BON: Here are 5 nominees for ‘Best Kiss’ category|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/naija-fashion/429108-2020-bon-here-are-5-nominees-for-best-kiss-category.html|accessdate=2021-10-11|language=en-GB}}</ref> |- | 2021 | Honours Network | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha ewu ewu |{{won}} | <ref>{{Cite web|title=Net Honours - The Class of 2021|url=https://thenet.ng/net-honours-class-of-2021/|accessdate=2021-07-21|work=[[Nigerian Entertainment Today]]|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |} == Nsidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|4200896}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 5mtt4r40efb9dzxahs3j3veu44103rj 3 11338 729939 728523 2026-10-02T09:31:50Z MediaWiki message delivery 4554 /* Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #267: Refreshing results */ nkeji ohúrù 729939 wikitext text/x-wiki Abụ m Olugold ọ na-amasị m inye aka na ọrụ Wikimedia Foundation. == Have you voted in the UCoC enforcement guidelines ratification? == Hi! Olugold, The ratification voting process for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|revised enforcement guidelines]] of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]] (UCoC) is now open! '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voting|Voting commenced on SecurePoll]]''' on 7 March 2022 and will conclude on 21 March 2022. Please [[m:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines/Voter information|read more on the voter information and eligibility details]]. Please vote and encourage other editors of Igbo Wikipedia to also vote. Regards, [[Ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|Zuz (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Zuz (WMF)|kwuo]]) 16:39, 11 Ọnwa atọ 2022 (UTC) :Thank you so much [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 20:41, 11 Ọnwa atọ 2022 (UTC) == Stefania Turkewich == Thank you very much for this article, Olugold! [[Ọbanife:Nicola Mitchell|Nicola Mitchell]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Nicola Mitchell|kwuo]]) 10:02, 14 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) :Anytime!😊👍🏾 [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 11:38, 14 Ọnwa asaa 2022 (UTC) == [[:Òtù:Candidates for speedy deletion]] == Hi, can you please review these deletion requests? '''[[User:Rschen7754|Rs]][[User talk:Rschen7754|chen]][[Special:Contributions/Rschen7754|7754]]''' 23:58, 8 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC) :Done! Thank you! [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|kwuo]]) 07:20, 9 Ọktoba 2022 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> [[file:Ask Me Anything on Movement Charter, Introduction by Érica Azzellini, English, Nov 12, 2022.webm|thumb|320px|Ask Me Anything session introduction (12 November), presented by a Movement Charter Drafting Committee member.]] * MCDC members attended the “[[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#Ask Me Anything on Movement Charter sessions|'''Ask Me Anything about Movement Charter''']]” sessions to provide more information about the Movement Charter, its goal, why it matters and how it impacts the communities. Recordings of the presentations in different languages can be found [[m:c:Category:Movement_Charter_videos|here]]. * [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/About|'''The Movement Charter Ambassadors Program''']]: Movement Charter Ambassadors (MCA) are individuals or groups interested in helping to ensure that their communities are fully engaged in community consultations. MCA are interested in supporting their communities to understand the content of the Movement Charter as well as ensuring that their communities can easily provide feedback. Anyone can become a MCA! [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/grant|Dedicated funds are available]] to support the MCA and their activities. Are you interested in becoming a Movement Charter Ambassador for your community? Sign up [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/Join|here]]! * [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcements/Closing membership|'''The Movement Charter Drafting Committee will close membership''']]: The  Committee decided not to add new members or replace those who step down after 1 January 2023, unless for exceptional reasons. * [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#October 2022|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in October''']]:  The Committee released its regular monthly update from October 2022. It includes highlights about the Committee's progress in drafting the Movement Charter content, its upcoming community consultation and participation at Wikimedia events. '''Coming up''': * '''[[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#Community_consultation|Regional feedback conversations]]:''' The MCDC’s community consultations to collect feedback on the first three sections of the Movement Charter will take place between November 20 and December 18, 2022. You are invited to join one of the regional conversations planned for the eight regions (and various languages) of the Movement. Please note that interested people can share their feedback in different ways, including on the [[m:Talk:Movement Charter|Meta talk page]], on the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/c/ensure-equity-in-decision-making/movement-charter/21 Movement Strategy forum], filling out a [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/743832 survey] (anonymously) and sending an email to: [mailto:movementcharter@wikimedia.org movementcharter{{@}}wikimedia.org]. * '''Sign up [[m:Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/Join|here]]''' to become a Movement Charter Ambassadors from your community and help ensure that your community is aware of the conversations around the Movement Charter!  <section end="content" /> </div> --13:37, 20 Novemba 2022 (UTC). <!-- Message sent by User:Abbad (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=24094585 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - November 2022 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentyfirst newsletter, covering November 2022. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Activities''' * Current: Women in Climate Change editathon in various languages (1 December 2022 - 31 January 2023) (SDG 5 & 13) [17] * Past: Wikipedia and sustainability, how to increase knowledge on climate change? (SDG all) [1] * Past: Wikidata editathon in Swedish during COP 27 (SDG 13) [2] '''News''' * Wikimedia Nederland signed the Wikimedia Affiliates Environmental Sustainability Covenant (SDG all) [3] * WikiProject Govdirectory was featured as Digital Public Goods (SDG 16) [11] * The theme for Wiki Loves Africa 2023 has been revealed: Climate and weather (SDG 13) [16] '''Resources''' * Let's Connect learning report - pilot phase 2022 (SDG 17) [15] '''Research''' * Recommendations for use of annotations and persistent identifiers in taxonomy and biodiversity publishing [SDG 15) [7] * A longitudinal analysis of gender diversity in Wikipedia articles (SDG 5) [13] '''Videos''' * 10 Anos de Wikidata: Wikidata for Open Access to Cultural Heritage, por Susanna Ånäs (AvoinGLAM) (SDG 11) [14] '''New WikiProjects''' * Myosotis Pilot (SDG 15) [12] '''New Wikidata properties''' * Bank of information on the historical and cultural heritage of the Republic of Belarus (SDG 11) [4] * Louisiana Plant ID (SDG 15) [5] * DrugCentral ID (SDG 3) [8] * Probes And Drugs ID (SDG 3) [9] '''New Wikidata query examples''' * Map of water bodies in France (SDG 14) [6] * Gender balances of winners of literary awards (SDG 5) [10] '''Links''' * [1] https://www.wikimedia.nl/session_wikiconnl22/ * [2] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Sweden/Swedish_Riksdag_documents/Kopplingssprint_COP_27 * [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Affiliates_Environmental_Sustainability_Covenant * [4] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P11184 * [5] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P11189 * [6] https://w.wiki/5wCp * [7] https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.8.e97374 * [8] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P11198 * [9] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P11199 * [10] https://w.wiki/5$BR * [11] https://mailchi.mp/c3e4c371c62a/announcing-new-dpga-members-and-strengthening-dpi-12387620 * [12] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:GLAM/Museum_of_New_Zealand_Te_Papa_Tongarewa/What_We%27ve_Done/Myosotis_Pilot * [13] https://observablehq.com/@pac02/wednesday-index * [14] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vgh5_oD1yec * [15] https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Let%27s_Connect_learning_report_-_pilot_phase_2022.pdf * [16] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiki_Loves_Africa_2023 * [17] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Women_in_Climate_Change_2022 This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 22:05, 1 Disemba 2022 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24143847 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> [[File:Wikimedia Movement Charter - Values and Principles presentation - November 2022.webm|thumb|256px|right|Presentation about the Values & Principles chapter by MCDC member [[m:User:Geugeor|Georges Fodouop]].]] [[File:Wikimedia Movement Charter - Roles and Responsibilities presentation - November 2022.webm|thumb|256px|right|Presentation about the Roles and Responsibilities chapter (statement of intent) by MCDC member [[m:User:Manavpreet Kaur|Manavpreet Kaur]].]] * [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#November%202022|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in November''']]''':''' As usual, the Committee released its regular monthly updates from November 2022. This month’s updates include highlights about the external facilitator hiring, next in-person meeting of the Committee and updates about the new drafting groups, among others. * [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation|'''First community consultation period:''']] From mid November to mid December 2022 the Committee members took part in 8 regional feedback sessions. Committee members joined the sessions to provide clarifications and answer to questions that came from different language communities on the Movement Charter. ** Recordings of the presentations shared during the regional meetings are available [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Regional Conversations#Regional%20conversation|here]] for those interested. ** A list '''[[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Frequently Asked Questions|Frequently Asked Questions]]''' that came up in the calls is available on Meta. ** If you have not shared your feedback on the drafts of the Movement Charter yet, please do so by filling out this [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/743832 '''anonymous survey'''], which is open until '''January 2, 2023''' and is available in '''more than 12 languages'''. * [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/About|'''The Movement Charter Ambassador Program''']] received over 15 proposals. The ambassadors are currently putting their initiatives into action in various local communities. The Movement Charter Ambassadors Program will once again be opened for applications in the second quarter of 2023, in preparation for the next  round of Movement Charter consultations. Both individuals and organizations will be able to apply. Those interested in becoming Movement Charter Ambassadors are encouraged to [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program/Join|sign-up]]. '''Coming up''': * '''Community Conversations summary:''' [[m:special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy and Governance/Team|The Movement Strategy and Governance]] team of the Wikimedia Foundation will prepare and publish the final summary report of the community feedback in January 2023. The report will be shared with the MCDC and the communities on different channels of communication. * '''Feedback on the Movement Charter:''' There will be additional ways to engage with the Movement Charter content, including the early feedback on the proposed ratification process and a new set of draft chapters in the second quarter of 2023. <section end="content" /> </div> --14:27, 22 Disemba 2022 (UTC). <!-- Message sent by User:Abbad (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=24275711 --> == Ihe nrite Onye Ntinyeaka == {| style="background-color: #CEF2D4; border: 10px solid Green;" |rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Silverwiki 2 za zásluhy.png|100px]] |style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;" | '''Onye ntụgharị Pụrụ iche n'afọ 2022''' |- |style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;" | Anyị n'ekele gị maka ọrụ ị na-arụ na <span class="plainlinks">[https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihu_mb%E1%BB%A5 Wikipidia Igbo]</span>. '''Daalụ maka ịtụgharị edemede karịrị nari abụọ'''. Ị mere nke ọma, jisie ike! [[Ọbanife:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Tochiprecious|ṅkátá]]) 10:48, 28 Disemba 2022 (UTC) |} :Obi dị mu ụtọ maka ihe nrite nke afọ a. Daalụ nke ukwu! [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 20:55, 28 Disemba 2022 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2022 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentysecond newsletter, covering December 2022. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 13, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * January 15: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|Online user group meeting]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Plants|Wiki Loves Plants]] (SDG 15) * [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * [[m:Women_in_Climate_Change_2022|Women in Climate Change 2022]] (SDG 5 & 13) '''News''' * [https://blog.tepapa.govt.nz/2022/11/28/museology-myosotis-and-metadata-oh-my-sharing-sustainably-in-wikipedia/ Museology, Myosotis, and metadata oh my! Sharing sustainably in Wikipedia] (SDG 15) '''Resources''' * New Book: [https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-05182-1 Open Mapping Towards Sustainable Development Goals] (SDG all) '''Videos''' * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t66i3ztg-1E&t=1717s Margaret Donald - Wikidata, OpenRefine & Biota] (SDG 15) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_alismatid_families|List of alismatid families]] (SDG 15) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11231|has biological vector]] (SDG 15) * [[d:Property:P11272|Bureau of Meteorology location ID]] (SDG 13) * [[d:Property:P11277|CIViC gene ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:Property:P11281|Biographical Dictionary of the Australian Senate ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11282|Tanzania Parliament member ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11311|Lygaeoidea Species File ID]] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 14:37, 1 Jenụwarị 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24307628 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentythird newsletter, covering January 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 10, 11, 13, 14 and 16<!-- insert related SDGs here -->.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|19 February - User group meeting]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Meeting_minutes_20230115|15 January - User group meeting]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Plants|Wiki Loves Plants]] (SDG 14) * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/Dunedin_5|The 2023 Bug of the Year Edit-a-thon]] (SDG 14) * Past: [https://dicare.toolforge.org/lexemes/challenge.php?id=74 Lexeme challenge Urology] (SDG 3) * Past: [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Veckans_tävling/Grodor_versus_ödlor|Swedish Wikipedia weekly challenge - Frogs versus lizards]] (SDG 14) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/December_2022/Contents/New_Zealand_report#Three_hundred_episodes_of_Critter_of_the_Week|Three hundred episodes of Critter of the Week]] (SDG 14) * Past: [https://zenodo.org/record/7521891#.Y9p6MdLMKw4 Wikidata Queries around the SARS-CoV-2 virus and pandemic] (SDG 3) * Past: [[m:Women_in_Climate_Change_2022|Women in Climate Change 2022]] (SDG 5 & 13) '''News''' * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/05/the-stories-behind-the-wiki-loves-earth-2022-photos-from-turkiye/ The stories behind the Wiki Loves Earth 2022 photos from Türkiye] (SDG 14) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/01/05/announcing-our-funding-support-from-the-patient-centered-outcomes-research-institute-pcori/ Announcing our funding support from the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI)] (SDG 3) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/01/04/jumping-for-science-how-wikipedia-assignments-inspire-stem-students/ Jumping for science: how Wikipedia assignments inspire STEM students] (SDG 14) * [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Birds_of_NYC_Photo_Contest/Winners|Birds of NYC Photo Contest Winners announced!]] (SDG 14) * [https://anchor.fm/civichackerpodcast/episodes/Using-Wikidata-to-Connect-Constituents-With-Their-Government-e1or922 Using Wikidata to Connect Constituents With Their Government] (SDG 16) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/23/wiki-loves-earth-2022-presents-the-winners-of-the-special-nomination-human-rights-and-environment/ Wiki Loves Earth 2022 presents the winners of the special nomination “Human rights and environment”!] (SDG 10 & 14) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/01/19/equity-diversity-inclusion-in-affiliate-governance/ Equity, diversity & inclusion in affiliate governance] (SDG 5 & 10) '''Resources''' * [https://www.databricks.com/blog/2023/01/26/building-life-sciences-knowledge-graph-data-lake.htmlBuilding a Life Sciences Knowledge Graph with a Data Lake] (SDG 3) '''Videos''' * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HW6YxXRL18 Editor uses Wikidata to find new uses for existing drugs and speed up approval process for new treatments] (SDG 3) * [[c:File:WikiForHumanRights_Information_Session_2023.webm|WikiForHumanRights Information Session]] (SDG 10) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_birds_of_Tuvalu|List of birds of Tuvalu]] (SDG 14) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Laos|List of World Heritage Sites in Laos]] (SDG 11) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Bangladesh|List of World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh]] (SDG 11) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11429|NIP]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11402|NSR doctor ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:/Property:P11430|UniProt disease ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:Property:P11446|Strazha ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11500|United States House of Representatives ID]] (SDG 16) </div> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 16:25, 1 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24426147 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> [[File:Noun Scroll 308110.svg|120px|right]] * '''First Community Consultation:''' A concise summary of the community consultation on the initial three drafts of the Charter is now available for your review [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Summary|on Meta]] and [[wmfblog:2023/02/07/movement-charter-community-consultation-summary/|on the Diff platform]]. In addition, you can read about MC Ambassadors are sharing about their experiences: ** [[wmfblog:2023/02/10/highlights-of-the-movement-charter-drafting-committees-first-community-consultation/|Highlights of the community consultation process, as well as about the Movement Charter Ambassador Program]]. ** [[wmfblog:2023/02/10/igbo-wikimedians-communitys-participation-in-the-movement-charter-consultation/|The Igbo Wikimedia community’s participation in the MC consultation]]. ** [[wmfblog:2023/02/01/ambassadors-of-the-movement-charter-draft-committee-in-the-arabic-speaking-community-share-their-experience/|The experience of Arabic-speaking community members]]. * '''What’s next after the community feedback period?''' The Committee is currently reviewing the detailed feedback which consists of 59 pages of comments, in March the Committee will share their response to the comments. The detailed version of the feedback, which the Committee is reviewing, is also available [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/2022|on this Meta page]]. * '''MCDC’s Virtual Working Session:''' The Committee gathered virtually from 3rd to 5th February to work on the drafts of the following new set of [[m:Movement Charter/Content|chapters of the Movement Charter]]: Global Council, Hubs, Decision Making, and Roles & Responsibilities. The Committee members worked in their smaller drafting groups first. The full Committee then convened, with representatives of each drafting group presenting the progress made so far, as well as about what type of support is needed for their future sessions. * [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#January 2023|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in January''']]''':''' The update includes details of the meetings held by the Committee in the month of January 2023, stakeholder conversations, completed work as well as about the new drafting groups, creating glossary and independent legal review. '''Coming up:''' * '''Community feedback on the ratification methodology''' proposal of the future Movement Charter. The feedback was postponed until March 2023. The communities will be able to review the ratification methodology and share their early input on the open questions.   * '''The MCDC will soon announce a “Call for Advisors”.''' The call will be an invitation for interested individuals with relevant expertise and knowledge to participate in drafting the Charter. Advisors will be considered non-voting members. * '''Responses to the community consultation feedback''' by the MCDC. The Committee has been carefully reviewing feedback collected in the consultation from November & December 2022, and will publicly share responses to the feedback by March.   <section end="content" /> </div> --14:20, 22 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC). <!-- Message sent by User:Abbad (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=24476598 --> == A new Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions update is out == There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-02-23|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue: the latest changes in our development team, info about our participation at the latest Conversation with Trustees, links to the recordings of our last week's meetings, and the latest development updates. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 11:28, 27 Febụwarị 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=24618444 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentyfourth newsletter, covering February 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16<!-- insert related SDGs here -->.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|2023-03-05 User group meeting]] (SDG all) * [[m:2023-03-19 User group meeting|Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[wikimania:2023:Program/Submissions|Suggest "Environmental sustainability and climate crisis" topics for Wikimania]] (SDG all) * Ongoing: [[m:Africa_Environment|Africa Environment WikiFocus]] (SDG 13) * Past: [https://www.eventbrite.com/x/edit-for-climate-change-wikipedia-editathon-registration-526291811977 Edit for Climate Change: Wikipedia Editathon] (SDG 13) * Past: WikiForHumanRights 2023 Campaign: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|Capacity Building Sessions on "Tools for Finding the Right Articles" and "Building Article List with Petscan"]] (SDG 10 & 13) * Past: WikiForHumanRights 2023 Campaign: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Resources|Regional Office Hours for Africa and Maghreb Regions]] (SDG 10 & 13) '''News''' * [https://observablehq.com/@thadk/garden NCBI breakdown of common garden foods with photographs by Phytotheca] (SDG 2) '''Resources''' * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January_2023/Contents/Sweden_report|3000 Arctic images]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/January_2023/Contents/Content_Partnerships_Hub_report|SMART-Servier Medical Art upload]] (SDG 3) '''Research''' * [https://fosdem.org/2023/schedule/event/sustainability/ Open Source in Environmental Sustainability] (SDG 13) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11576|Norwegian war prisoner detention camp ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11587|Iowa legislator ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11610|National Grid Balancing Mechanism unit ID]] (SDG 7) '''Wikidata query examples''' * [https://w.wiki/5Vu8 Map of disasters by type] (SDG 11) '''Featured articles''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:South_Asian_river_dolphin|South Asian river dolphin]] (SDG 14) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Sri_Lanka|List of World Heritage Sites in Sri Lanka]] (SDG 11) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_lamiid_families|List of lamiid families]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> File:%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96.jpg|Three horses (SDG 15) File:Hunter_baby_chameleon.jpg|Hunter baby chameleon (SDG 15) File:Rice_paper_butterfly_%2816709%29.jpg|Rice paper butterfly (SDG 15) File:Lasiocampa_quercus_4th_instar_caterpillar_Keila_%28top_view%29.jpg|Lasiocampa quercus 4th instar caterpillar Keila (top view) (SDG 15) File:Lasiocampa_quercus_4th_instar_caterpillar_Keila_%28side_view%29.jpg|Lasiocampa quercus 4th instar caterpillar Keila (side view).jpg (SDG 15) File:Mockingbird_on_the_North_Lake_Trail_%2836851%29.jpg|Mockingbird on the North Lake Trail (SDG 15) File:Striated_Pardalote_0012.jpg|Striated Pardalote (SDG 15) File:Kleines_Wiesenv%C3%B6gelchen_am_Morgen.jpg|Wiesenvögelchen (SDG 15) File:Immature_herring_gull_%2816259%29.jpg|Herring gull (SDG 15) File:Northern_shoveler_male_in_Marine_Park_%2833296%29.jpg|Northern shoveler (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 18:57, 1 Maachị 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24647320 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #106 is out == There is [[:m:Abstract_Wikipedia/Updates/2023-03-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue: an essay from Denny about deconstructing narratives around functions, links to the recordings of our last presentations, and the latest development updates. Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1678127403 today at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 09:21, 6 Maachị 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=24664700 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #107 is out == There is [[:m:Abstract_Wikipedia/Updates/2023-03-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue: an essay from Denny about where to store objects for Abstract Wikipedia (and relative problems with such issue) and the next appointment with the community. About the last point, we remind you that the next Natural Language Generation workstream public meeting will be held on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1679416242 March 21, at 16:30 UTC] on Jitsi ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 11:02, 17 Maachị 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=24726847 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> [[File:Noun Scroll 308110.svg|120px|right]] * '''Call for Advisors'''! Individuals interested to support the Drafting Groups or the Subcommittees of the MCDC in the role of an advisor can [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd2Fp9NxOox_nxjf9kgV8Q7InIPm4jO9rLmteNkUV34vSHatA/viewform fill out the advisory application form] by May, 2023. The MCDC will be contacting interested individuals on a rolling basis. Do you want to know more about it? Please [[wmfblog:2023/02/21/movement-charter-drafting-committee-call-for-advisors/|read here for more information]]. The information is also available in [[wmfblog:ar/2023/03/02/لجنة-صياغة-ميثاق-الحركة-دعوة-مستشارين/|Arabic]], [[wmfblog:es/2023/03/01/comite-de-redaccion-de-la-carta-del-movimiento-convocatoria-de-asesores/|Spanish]], [[wmfblog:fr/2023/02/27/comite-de-redaction-de-la-charte-du-mouvement-appel-aux-conseillers/|French]], [[wmfblog:pt/2023/02/24/comite-de-redacao-da-carta-do-movimento-wikimedia-chamada-para-pessoas-assessoras/|Brazilian Portuguese]], [[wmfblog:ru/2023/03/02/комитет-по-разработке-устава-движени/|Russian]] and [[wmfblog:zh-hant/2023/03/02/運動憲章起草委員會：徵求顧問/|Chinese]] languages respectively. * '''Movement Charter Ambassadors from the Latin America and the Caribbean region''' share their experiences of organizing community conversations on the Movement Charter. Please read the Diff blog [[wmfblog:pt/2023/03/12/programa-de-pessoas-embaixadoras-da-carta-do-movimento-wikimedia-na-america-latina-e-no-caribe/|in Brazilian Portuguese]] and in [[wmfblog:es/2023/03/16/programa-de-embajadores-de-la-carta-del-movimiento-wikimedia-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe/|Spanish languages]]. * '''Casual updates''': The MCDC publishes regular casual updates after bi-weekly full Committee meetings, as well as after other drafting group and subcommittee meetings. If you are interested, please read casual updates [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates/Casual|here on Meta]] and on [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-drafting-committees-casual-updates/2079 Movement Strategy Forum]. * [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#February 2023|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in February''']]''':''' As usual, the update includes information about the meetings held by the Committee in this month, as well as about the work that was completed and the ongoing work & discussions. The MCDC’s monthly updates are also [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charters-discussion-and-monthly-updates/363/20 shared on the multilingual Movement Strategy forum]. '''Coming up''' * '''[[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Responses|MCDC Responses to the community feedback]]''': The MCDC published responses [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Summary|to the community feedback]] on the first set of drafts (collected during a consultation in November - December 2022). The response includes a [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Responses|Summary]], as well as some [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/2022|specific responses to the full community feedback]] (highlighted in orange). * '''Revised Movement Charter drafts:''' The MCDC will share in the coming month the revised versions of the first two chapters: [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Preamble|Preamble]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Values & Principles|Values & Principles]] (including a newly-added glossary), and the revised [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Roles & Responsibilities|Roles & Responsibilities intentions statement]]. * '''Ratification methodology consultation''': The MCDC is working on a new proposal (not available yet) for a [[m:Movement Charter/Ratification|ratification methodology]]. The proposal will be discussed through a community consultation process, including live meetings to provide feedback. ''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]'' <section end="content" /> </div> --11:34, 21 Maachị 2023 (UTC). <!-- Message sent by User:Abbad (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=24745150 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #108 is out == There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-03-23|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue we announce [https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-21780-7_6 a new paper] about Natural Language Generation by [https://www.cse.chalmers.se/~aarne/ Aarne Ranta], member of the Abstract Wikipedia NLG Special Interest Group and professor at the [[:w:en:University of Gothenburg|University of Gothenburg, Sweden]]. The paper is also accessible as a pre-print [https://www.grammaticalframework.org/~aarne/preprint-AAM-textgen.pdf here]. Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1680543035 April 3, 2023 at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 10:50, 24 Maachị 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=24759040 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twentyfifth newsletter, covering March 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 5, 10, 13, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Next_meeting|User group meeting 2023-04-02]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/Meeting_minutes_20230305|User group meeting 2023-03-05]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/30/join-the-wikiforhumanrights-campaign-and-contribute-knowledge-that-connects-human-rights-with-solutions-for-a-sustainable-future/ WikiForHumanRights] (SDG 10 & 13) * Upcoming: April 19 - [[m:Translat-a-thon/NYC/2023|LaGuardia Community College Earth Day Translatathon with Casa de las Américas NYC]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: April 22 - [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Earth_Day_2023_Bushwick|Earth Day 2023 Edit-a-thon Environment of Brooklyn Focus with Sure We Can]] (SDG 13) * Upcoming: April 23 - [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/NYC/Earth_Day_Wiknic|Earth Day Wiknic NYC]] (SDG 13) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/WMF_GLAM_report|Gender and culture related event to test image suggestions on Wikipedia]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[m:Feminism_and_Folklore_2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[m:Edit_a_thon/artfeminism-edit-a-thon-for-nigerian-female-artists-2023|Art+Feminism edit-a-thon for Nigerian female artists]] (SDG 5) '''News''' * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/03/08/putting-our-energy-into-wikipedia-as-climate-action/ Putting our energy into Wikipedia as climate action] (SDG 13) * [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/07/how-artfeminism-is-using-wikipedia-to-promote-equity-in-the-art-world/ How Art+Feminism is using Wikipedia to promote equity in the art world] (SDG 5) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/New_Zealand_report|Biodiversity Heritage Library and Wikidata]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/February_2023/Contents/USA_report|Black history month and more]] (SDG 10) * [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/03/14/women-do-news-tackling-the-gender-divide-in-journalism-through-wikipedia/ Women Do News: Tackling the Gender Divide in Journalism Through Wikipedia] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/17/wiki-loves-earth-2023-is-starting/ Wiki Loves Earth 2023 is starting!] (SDG 15) * [https://medium.com/@openheritagefoundation/the-quest-to-close-the-gender-gap-on-wikipedia-continues-five-year-anniversary-with-feminism-ebd7a3b3185e The Quest to Close the Gender Gap on Wikipedia Continues; Five-Year Anniversary with Feminism & Folklore] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/03/28/wikigap-malaysia-2023-empowering-women-in-indigenous-languages/ WikiGap Malaysia 2023: Empowering women in indigenous languages] (SDG 5) * [https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/climate-crisis/wikipedia-has-a-climatetech-problem Wikipedia has a climatetech problem] (SDG 13) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11623|NCI Drug Dictionary ID]] (SDG 3) * [[d:Property:P11649|Malaysia Federal Legislation act ID]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11650|Moscow University Herbarium ID]] (SDG 15) * [[d:Property:P11666|Norwegian Petroleum Directorate field ID]] (SDG 13) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_Saxifragales_families|List of Saxifragales families]] (SDG 15) * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:Red-throated_wryneck|Red-throated wryneck]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> Ourapteryx_yerburii_ssp._specimens_and_male_genitalia.jpg|Ourapteryx yerburii ssp. specimens and male genitalia (SDG 15) Pterophorus_pentadactyla_-_Keila.jpg|Pterophorus pentadactyla (SDG 15) Wood_duck_drake_%2886815%29.jpg|Wood duck drake (SDG 15) Cardinal_%2886755%29.jpg|Cardinal (SDG 15) Bunten_Kronwicke_%28Securigera_varia%29_Bl%C3%BCte-20200626-RM-173640.jpg|Bunten Kronwicke (Securigera varia) (SDG 15) Neubrunn_Steinbruch_Blutrote_Heidelibelle_%28Sympetrum_sanguineum%29_8262082.jpg|Sympetrum sanguineum (SDG 15) Boerenkrokus_%28Crocus_tommasinianus%29_28-02-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Crocus tommasinianus (SDG 15) Papaya_-_longitudinal_section_close-up_view.jpg|Papaya - longitudinal section close-up view (SDG 15) Aphantopus_hyperantus_-_Keila.jpg|Aphantopus hyperantus (SDG 15) Australian_Zebra_Finch_0A2A3013.jpg|Australian Zebra Finch (SDG 15) Melospiza_melodia_JRVdH_03.jpg|Melospiza melodia (SDG 15) Roadside_hawk_%28Rupornis_magnirostris_griseocauda%29_eating_speckled_racer_%28Drymobius_margaritiferus%29_Orange_Walk.jpg|Roadside hawk (Rupornis magnirostris griseocauda) eating speckled racer (Drymobius margaritiferus) (SDG 15) Black_iguana_%28Ctenosaura_similis%29_Cayo.jpg|Black iguana (Ctenosaura similis) (SDG 15) Cerastis_rubricosa_caterpillar_%28side_view%29_-_Keila.jpg|Cerastis rubricosa caterpillar (side view) (SDG 15) Cerastis_rubricosa_caterpillar_%28dorsal_view%29_-_Keila.jpg|Cerastis rubricosa caterpillar (dorsal view) (SDG 15) Fr%C3%BChlings-Knotenblume_%28Leucojum_vernum%29-20230220-RM-161056.jpg|Frühlings-Knotenblume (Leucojum vernum) (SDG 15) Ocellated_turkey_%28Meleagris_ocellata%29_male_Peten.jpg|Ocellated turkey (Meleagris ocellata) male (SDG 15) Geoffroy%27s_spider_monkey_%28Ateles_geoffroyi_yucatanensis%29_Peten_2.jpg|Geoffroy's spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi yucatanensis) (SDG 15) Bessen_van_een_Ophiopogon_planiscapus_%27Niger%27._28-02-2023._%28d.j.b%29.jpg|Ophiopogon planiscapus (SDG 15) Protaetic_cuprea_ignicollis_2023-03-22_IZE-066.jpg|Protaetic cuprea ignicollis (SDG 15) Monarch_butterflies_%28Danaus_plexippus_plexippus%29_Piedra_Herrada_2.jpg|Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus plexippus) (SDG 15) Cepaea_nemoralis_Paarung-20230314-RM-110511.jpg|Cepaea nemoralis (SDG 15) Wiesen_Pippau_%28Crepis_biennis%29-20220624-RM-123950.jpg|Crepis biennis (SDG 15) Keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus sulfuratus) on foxtail palm (Wodyetia bifurcata) Cayo.jpg|Keel-billed toucan (Ramphastos sulfuratus sulfuratus) on foxtail palm (Wodyetia bifurcata) (SDG 15) Trifolium_spadiceum_-_Niitv%C3%A4lja.jpg|Trifolium spadiceum (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 07:42, 1 Eprel 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24816279 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> [[File:MCDC_pre_work_at_New_York_BoT_retreat.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Committee's meeting in New York, in early March.]] * '''Starting conversations on how to ratify the Movement Charter:''' The Committee invites the Wikimedia movement to express opinions on the [[m:Movement Charter/Ratification|'''proposed Movement Charter ratification methodology''']] from April 10 to April 28. Everyone is invited to share feedback [[m:Talk:Movement Charter#Ratification methodology|on the Meta talk page]] or the [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/t/movement-charter-ratification-methodology-community-review-from-10-28-april-2023/2930 Movement Strategy forum]. Two community conversation hours are planned to take place: on '''April 18 at 10.00 UTC''' and '''April 24 at 17.00 UTC'''. Please [[m:Movement Charter/Ratification/Ratification methodology review launch|read the details here]]. * [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation/Responses|'''MCDC’s responses to the community feedback are now on Meta''']]''':''' The Committee has shared a summary of their responses and next steps based on the feedback from the first round of community consultation which took place late 2022. * '''What to read on Diff?''' ** [[wmfblog:2023/03/17/4-movement-charter-ambassadors-from-the-french-speaking-community-share-their-experience/|'''Learn more about the Movement Charter Ambassadors work''']]''':''' Movement Charter Ambassadors from the French-speaking community share their experience. ** MCDC member [[m:User:Manavpreet Kaur|Manavpreet Kaur]] has written a blog post titled “[[wmfblog:2023/03/30/an-excerpt-from-my-life-movement-strategy-and-mcdc/|An excerpt from my life, movement, strategy and MCDC]]”. * [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#Meetings|'''Learn about Movement Charter Drafting Committee’s work in March''']]''':''' the monthly Committee’s updates include information about the coordination efforts with Wikimedia Germany, update on membership, submission to Wikimania 2023, participation at the Wikimedia Foundations Board of Trustees’ strategic retreat in New York in March 2023. '''Coming up:''' * '''Revised chapters:''' The Committee is preparing to publish the revised draft chapters of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Preamble|The Preamble]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Values & Principles|Values & Principles]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Content/Roles & Responsibilities|Roles & Responsibilities]] intentions statement, based on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Community Consultation/2022|the community feedback]] received in November and December 2022. * '''Inviting advisors and experts:''' The Committee is preparing to welcome a number of advisors from outside the Committee. All interested Wikimedians were invited to apply earlier (you can still [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd2Fp9NxOox_nxjf9kgV8Q7InIPm4jO9rLmteNkUV34vSHatA/viewform apply here]!). Additionally, the Committee is planning and scheduling meetings with individuals with specific sets of expertise in various topics, including stewards, movement committees, Wikimedia Foundation and affiliate staff, and others. ''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]'' <section end="content" /> </div> --19:18, 15 Eprel 2023 (UTC). <!-- Message sent by User:Abbad (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=24859561 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #109 is out == There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-04-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue: a reflection about implementation of functions, a [https://keet.wordpress.com/2023/03/14/some-reflections-on-designing-abstract-wikipedia-so-far/ reflection on Abstract Wikipedia] from [[User:Keet10|Prof. Maria Keet]], and a reminder about an in-person talk about Abstract Wikipedia in Sweden. Also, we remind you that the next Natural Language Generation special interest group public meeting will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1682440206 April 25, 2023 at 16:30 UTC]''' on Jitsi ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Special guest of the meeting will be [https://github.com/olpa/multi-nlg Oleg Parashchenko], who will share his experience and thoughts about implementing a multilingual NLG system. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] 09:11, 21 Eprel 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=24759040 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #110 is out == There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-04-28|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue: Wikimedia Endowment finances development of the project, and the team has published its manifesto, Objectives and Key Results (OKRs) and communications principles. Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1683567008 May 8, 2023 at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:54, 2 Mee 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=24759040 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-sixth newsletter, covering April 2023. This issue has news related to SDGs 2, 4, 5, 6, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> '''Meetings''' * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting 2023-05-07]] (SDG all) * Past: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20230402|User group meeting 2023-04-02]] (SDG all) '''Activities''' * Ongoing: [[m:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development/365_climate_edits|365 climate edits]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Join_the_Challenge|WikiForHumanRights 2023 International Writing Contest]] (SDG 13, 14, 6) * Ongoing: [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Join_Community_Events|WikiForHumanRights 2023 local community events]] (SDG 13, 15, 14, 6) * Ongoing: [[m:Wiki_Climate_Campus_Tour_Nigeria|WikiCampusTourNigeria Project]] (SDG 6, 13, 14, 15) * Upcoming (and past): [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Skrivstuga/Kvinnor,_arkitektur_och_design|Women, architecture and design]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Albania_report|WikiGap Tirana 2023, Albania]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Brazil_report|BBC 100 women editathon]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Kosovo_report|WikiGAP in Prishtina]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Switzerland_report|15 Days of French women writers]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Meetup/DC/TSU_USF_Women%27s_History_Month_Wikipedia_Edit-a-thon|TSU USF Women's History Month Wikipedia Edit-a-thon]] (SDG 5) * Past: [[w:en:Wikipedia:WikiProject_Smithsonian_AWHI/Meetup/Crafting_a_Better_Wikipedia:_Women_of_Color_in_the_Renwick_Gallery|Crafting a Better Wikipedia: Women of Color in the Renwick Gallery]] (SDG 5) '''News''' * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/07/tuswug-s2e2-women-in-wiki/ TUSWUG S2E2: Women in Wiki] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/13/inaugural-edition-of-the-organizer-lab-awards-6-community-grants/ Inaugural edition of the organizer lab awards – 6 community grants] (SDG 5 & SDG 13) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2023/03/29/bolstering-womens-voices-and-histories-on-wikipedia/ Bolstering women’s voices and histories on Wikipedia] (SDG 5) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March_2023/Contents/Brazil_report|A huge upload for biologists]] (SDG 15) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ycPPBhuQPhs&ab_channel=WikimediaFoundation WikiForHumanRights 2023 Launch Webinar] (SDG 13, 14, 6) * [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|WikiForHumanRights 2023 and WMF Human Rights Team Online Safety Capacity Building for Organizers]] (SDG 13) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLBSSlrI2vo WikiForHummanRights 2023 and Let's Connect Capacity building on good practices for retention] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/20/living-through-a-triple-planetary-emergency-capturing-the-most-impactful-knowledge-to-weather-the-storm/ Living through a Triple Planetary Emergency: Capturing the Most Impactful Knowledge to Weather the Storm] (SDG 10 & SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/04/20/wikimedia-foundation-environmental-sustainability-report-for-2022/ Wikimedia Foundation Environmental Sustainability Report for 2022] (SDG 13) * [[:File:Wikimedia_h%C3%A5llbarhetsrapport_2022.pdf|Wikimedia Sverige sustainability report 2022]] (in Swedish) (SDG 13) '''Research''' * [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/brv.12964 Hypotheses in urban ecology: building a common knowledge base] (SDG 15) '''New Wikidata properties''' * [[d:Property:P11698|student retention rate]] (SDG 4) * [[d:Property:P11704|INEP ID]] (SDG 4) [51] * [[d:Property:P11729|Kulturenvanteri.com ID]] (SDG 11) * [[d:Property:P11747|holds diplomatic passport of]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Property:P11741|SINTA affiliation ID]] (SDG 4) '''Featured content''' * English Wikipedia: [[w:en:List_of_afrosoricids|List of afrosoricids]] (SDG 15) </div> <gallery mode=packed caption="Featured images"> Scarlet_macaw_%28Ara_macao_cyanopterus%29_Copan.jpg|Ara macao cyanopterus (SDG 15) Leptura_quadrifasciata_female_-_Keila.jpg|Leptura quadrifasciata (SDG 15) Bursa_lamarckii_01.jpg|Bursa lamarckii (SDG 15) Scarlet_macaw_%28Ara_macao_cyanopterus%29_head_Copan.jpg|Ara macao cyanopterus (SDG 15) Western_Bowerbird_0A2A0436.jpg|Chlamydera guttata (SDG 15) White-breasted_nuthatch_%2826471%29.jpg|Sitta carolinensis (SDG 15) Patzmannsdorf_-_K%C3%BCrbisfeld_mit_Pfarrkirche_und_Raiffeisen-Silo_in_Stronsdorf.jpg|Pumpkin field (SDG 2) Cinnamon-bellied_flowerpiercer_%28Diglossa_baritula%29_male_on_Indian_shot_%28Canna_indica%29_Finca_El_Pilar.jpg|Diglossa baritula & Canna indica (SDG 15) Knoppen_van_een_esdoorn_%28Acer_platanoides%29._03-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Acer platanoides (SDG 15) Cinnamon_hummingbird_%28Amazilia_rutila%29_in_flight_Los_Tarrales.jpg|Amazilia rutila (SDG 15) Passion_fruits_-_whole_and_halved.jpg|Passiflora edulis (SDG 15) Golden-fronted_%28Velasquez%27s%29_woodpecker_%28Melanerpes_aurifrons%29_male_Copan.jpg|Melanerpes aurifrons (SDG 15) Argiope_spider_female_adult_on_her_web_dorsal_view_black_background_Don_Det_Laos.jpg|Argiope versicolor (SDG 15) Daslook._Allium_ursinum%2C_zwellende_bloemknop._18-04-2022_%28actm.%29_04.jpg|Allium ursinum (SDG 15) Fallen_leaf_of_Platanus_x_hispanica_%281%29.jpg|Platanus x hispanica (SDG 15) Thymelicus_lineola_underside_-_Keila.jpg|Thymelicus lineola (SDG 15) Japanse_esdoorn_%28Acer_palmatum%29_03-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29.jpg|Acer palmatum (SDG 15) [38] Common_kestrel_%28Falco_tinnunculus%29_female_%28IMGP1648r2-DNA%29.jpg|Falco tinnunculus (SDG 15) [39] California_sea_lion_nap_time_in_La_Jolla_%2870474%29.jpg|Zalophus californianus (SDG 15) [40] Bladknop_van_een_esdoorn_%28Acer%29._13-04-2023_%28d.j.b.%29_01.jpg|Acer pseudoplatanus (SDG 15) Tamarind_fruits_%28Tamarindus_indica_%27Si_Thong%27%29.jpg|Tamarindus indica (SDG 15) White_leucistic_squirrel_with_a_peanut_%2885668%29.jpg|Sciurus carolinensis (SDG 15) [43] Fork-tailed_flycatcher_%28Tyrannus_savana_monachus%29_in_flight_Cayo.jpg|Tyrannus savana monachus (SDG 15) Rapa_incurva_01.jpg|Rapa incurva (SDG 15) Arboreal_stingless_bee_nest_%28Trigona_sp.%29_Flores.jpg|Trigona sp. (SDG 15) </gallery> This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 19:31, 2 Mee 2023 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=24969562 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> '''Updates:''' * '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation#April_2023_ratification_methodology_community_review|Charter Ratification Methodology proposal conversations]]''': The Movement Charter Drafting Committee recently held the first conversations regarding the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Ratification|ratification methodology for the Movement Charter]]. The MCDC has received valuable feedback from different communities and the Committees during the community input period. The report of the community input will be shared in May, while the updated version of the ratification methodology will be presented between September and November 2023. * '''Communication evaluation''': The Communications sub-committee of the MCDC together with the support staff conducted an evaluation of the communications. The Communications sub-committee appreciates the time and input of the community members who shared their opinions during the interviews. Several recommendations are going to be implemented in the upcoming period based on the valuable input. * '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Updates#April_2023|Learn about the MCDC’s work in April]]''': The MCDC continues to draft additional chapters: The Global Council, Hubs, Decision-making and Roles & Responsibilities. Alongside the drafting work, the MCDC is planning their in-person meeting scheduled for 2-4 June in Utrecht, Netherlands with the aim of advancing the charter's content. '''What’s coming up?''' * Participants of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiNusantara_2023|WikiNusantara 2023 in Banjarmasin, Indonesia]] are invited to join a [[m:WikiNusantara_2023/Acara/Selayang_Pandang_Arah_Strategis_Gerakan_Wikimedia:_Kolaborasi_WMF_dan_Komunitas|session on the topics around Wikimedia Movement Strategy and community collaboration]] on May 20. [[m:User:RamzyM_(WMF)|Ramzy Muliawan]] will provide updates, share about the Movement Charter Ambassadors Program and answer the questions. ''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]'' <section end="content" /> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=25016423 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #111 is out == There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-05-12|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue: a new full stack software engineer joins the development team, and a presentation of a paper co-authored by Denny about the history of Wikidata. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:04, 15 Mee 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=24759040 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletters #112 and #113 are out == There are new updates for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions! Please, come and read them! On May 17, 2023, we [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-05-17|thanked Julia]] for her work and we wished her well for her new work with the Trust & Safety team. On May 25, 2023, we [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-05-25|presented our new viewing and editing experience]] for Wikifunctions. Want to catch-up with the previous updates? Check [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:58, 26 Mee 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25053227 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #114 is out == There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-06-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue: a very brief note about the Wikimedia Hackathon in Athens. Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1685986233 June 5, 2023 at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Note: since last time we've had some network problems with Jitsi, <u>in case of new malfunctions</u> during next meeting we will provide on short notice a Google Meet link to the participants. Thanks for your understanding. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 07:08, 3 Jụn 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25053227 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #115 is out == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-06-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue we present the new interface for multilingual editing, and we discuss the results of our "fix-it week". Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:35, 9 Jụn 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25053227 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletters #116 and #117 are out == There are new updates for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions! Please, come and read them! On June 22, we [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-06-22|summarised the results]] of our annual in-person meeting in Delft, The Netherlands. On June 28, we [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-06-28|thanked Cai and Allan]] for their work and we wished them well for their new endeavours. Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1689010212 July 10, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.jit.si/AWVolunteersCorner link to the meeting]). Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:02, 4 Julaị 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25213308 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletters #118 to #121 are out == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> There are new updates for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions! Please, come and read them! On July 20, we shared an [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-20|update on our plans for the initial deployment of Wikifunctions]] in the next few weeks, what will be possible, and changes to the development in the last few weeks. Also, a request for suggestions on what should be the very first Function to be created in Wikifunctions. On July 17, we announced a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-17|grant from Google.org]]. On July 12, we announced a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-12|grant from The Rockefeller Foundation]]. On July 7, we welcomed a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-07|new Director of Product]] to the team. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[m:User:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Quiddity (WMF)|talk]]) 21:38, 20 Julaị 2023 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25312292 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> [[File:Noun Scroll 308110.svg|180px|right]] ''This newsletter combines content from both June and July, due to a delay in sharing out the previous newsletter.'' '''Updates:''' * '''New Movement Charter content published:''' The Committee published new draft chapters on the [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Global Council|'''Global''' '''Council''']], [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Hubs|'''Hubs''']] and the [[m:Movement Charter/Content/Glossary|'''Glossary''']]. You are invited to share your feedback or ask any questions you may have to the Committee before September 1, 2023 on the following talk pages: ** [[m:Talk:Movement Charter/Content/Global Council|Share your feedback on The Global Council draft]] ** [[m:Talk:Movement Charter/Content/Hubs|Share your feedback on Hubs draft]] * [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft|'''Revised draft chapters published on Meta:''']] The Committee has shared the revised draft chapters: [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft#Preamble|Preamble]], [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft#Values & Principles|Values & Principles]], and [[m:Movement Charter/Content/One-page draft#Roles & Responsibilities|Roles & Responsibilities]] intentions statement. These revisions are based on the [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#November-December 2022 consultation|community feedback]] received in November-December 2022. * [[m:wmfblog:2023/06/02/how-will-the-wikimedia-movement-ratify-its-charter/|'''Ratification Methodology community feedback:''']] The summary of community feedback on the proposed methodology for the ratification of the Charter is on Diff. * Listen to the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jy_IQ_G1wEI '''WikiAfrica Hour #46: Africa and Movement Charter'''], where MCDC members [[m:User:Anass Sedrati|Anass Sedrati]] and [[m:User:Geugeor-WMF|Georges Foudoup]]  talk about Movement Charter, its aims and objectives, and the relevance to the African community. * MCDC member’s are busy participating in various community events to discuss Movement Charter. [[m:User:Manavpreet Kaur|Manavpreet Kaur]], a member of the Global Council and Roles and Responsibilities Drafting Groups [[m:EduWiki Conference 2023/Program/MCDC|joined the EduWikiConference 2023]].  The MCDC support staff [[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|Ramzy Muliawan]] shared updates about the charter at [[m:WikiNusantara 2023|WikiNustantara 2023]] in Banjarmasin, Indonesia ([https://twitter.com/wikimediaid/status/1659772318913294336 @wikimediaid on Twitter]). The Wikimedia communities in Indonesia were engaged by [[m:Grants:Project/MSIG/Arcuscloud/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program|Movement Charter Ambassador]] [[m:User:Arcuscloud|Arcuscloud]] in the [[m:Grants:Project/MSIG/Arcuscloud/Movement Charter Ambassadors Program|last round of community conversations]]. * [[m:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Updates#May 2023|'''Learn about MCDC’s work in May & June:''']] as usual, the update includes information about the meetings held by the Committee in this month, as well as about the work that was completed and the ongoing work & discussions. '''What’s coming up?''' * [[m:Movement Charter/Community Consultation#MCDC Live Launch Party|'''Join the live launch party''']]: The Drafting Committee is hosting a launch party on July 30th at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1690725614 14.00 UTC] to celebrate the new drafts, introduce them to the community and give space for sharing thoughts and feedback. [https://wikimedia.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZYsdOiurT0vHta6stHaiHHEyrwK3RUPveBR#/registration '''Register here to receive a Zoom link to the launch party.'''] * [[m:Movement Charter/Ambassadors Program/Grant|'''Movement Charter Community Conversation grants''']] are open for individuals or groups who want to organize conversations about the Charter content. Talk to us if you need any support on [https://forum.movement-strategy.org/c/ensure-equity-in-decision-making/movement-charter-ambassadors/38 the MS Forum]! Apply for a grant before Jul 30, 2023. * [[m:wmania:2023:Wikimania|'''Wikimania 2023''']]''':''' Wikimania 2023: Members of the Movement Charter Drafting Committee are excited to be attending Wikimania Singapore in August, to speak to and hear from you in person (and hybrid) about the four drafts and the Charter in general. * '''Community events:''' MCDC members will be present in the [[m:Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2023|CEE Meeting]] in September in Georgia to discuss the Charter content with the CEE and CA communities. In addition, the MCDC prioritizes participation in the conferences planned for 2023 to continue conversations on the content of the Charter with the communities: [[m:WikiConvention francophone/2023|WikiConvention Francophone]], [[m:WikiWomenCamp 2023|WikiWomen Camp]],  [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2023|WikiIndaba Morocco]], [[m:wikiconference:2023/Main_Page|WikiConference North America]], [[m:GLAM Wiki 2023|GLAM Wiki Conference]], among others. ''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta wiki]]'' <section end="content" /> </div> --12:25, 30 Julaị 2023 (UTC). <!-- Message sent by User:Abbad (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=25275952 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #122 is out: Wikifunctions is live! == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-07-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce that [https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Wikifunctions:Main_Page Wikifunctions.org] is live (in read-only mode), we welcome a new member of the team, and we announce a new job opening. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:02, 31 Julaị 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25357486 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Movement Charter Drafting Committee's monthly newsletter: August 2023</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <section begin="content" /> '''Updates''' * '''Community consultation''': The community consultation on the [[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Content/Global_Council|Global Council]], [[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Content/Hubs|Hubs]], and the [[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Content/Glossary|Glossary]] drafts is ongoing. We value your input, if you have not already, please take a moment to review the draft chapters and share your thoughts with the MCDC. We’ve posed open questions we would like your opinion on. Feel free to engage in a way that is most comfortable for you and your community. Learn more on our Diff blogs about the [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/07/13/a-global-council-for-our-movement/ Global Council] and [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2023/07/27/building-wikimedia-movement-hubs-together/ Hubs]. * '''Launch Party''': On July 30 we hosted a Launch Party to share the Global Council and Hubs draft chapters. It was an inspiring event where we had the opportunity to listen to your feedback and address some of your questions. If you missed it, you can catch the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SItWeX78tv8&list=LL&index=4 recording on YouTube]. * '''Community Conversations''': We want to hear from as many people as possible. On July 16, the SWAN meeting opened its doors and offered an opportunity to interact with the MCDC members regarding the new drafts of the charter. [[m:Strategic_Wikimedia_Affiliates_Network/2023_07#Notes|Notes are available here]]. On July 28, a regional conversation with the Francophone community was held. Here comes a [[m:Talk:Movement_Charter/Content/Global_Council#Summary_of_the_feedback_from_the_francophone_conversation|short summary here in English and French]]. Additionally, on August 2 we had a fruitful conversation with the [[m:Talk:Movement_Charter/Content/Hubs#Summary_from_2_August_call|LATAM region]]. * '''[[m:Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Updates#July_2023|MCDC’s Work in July]]''': As usual, the update includes information about the meetings held by the Committee in this month, as well as about the work that was completed and the ongoing work & discussions. '''Upcoming''' * '''Join the MCDC at Wikimania''': Whether you’ll be at Wikimania 2023 in person or joining virtually, there are a few events that we would like to invite you to. Please drop by for a casual conversation. We would love to connect to workshop any ideas together. Drop in, get a sweet treat, and share your thoughts with us! [https://wikimania.wikimedia.org/wiki/2023:Registration Register] and see below for an overview of our time together: ** Tuesday, August 15 *** {{zonestamp|2023-08-15 02:00|02:00 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/UVKSKQ/ '''Movement Strategy & Governance Connection track - Welcome and opening'''] (Room 325) *** {{zonestamp|2023-08-15 05:45|05:45 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/FJCXUP/ '''Movement Charter Drafting Committee: Open office hour'''] (Room 326) ** Wednesday, August 16 *** {{zonestamp|2023-08-16 03:15|03:15 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/EYGDHC/ '''Role Play the Future Roles and Responsibilities in the Movement'''] (Room 326) ** Thursday, 17 August *** {{zonestamp|2023-08-17 03:15|03:15 UTC}}: [https://pretalx.com/wm2023/talk/AWXHMA/ '''Movement Charter Content Discussions'''] (Room 310) * A '''[[m:Special:MyLanguages/Movement_Charter/Community_Consultation#Regional_conversation:_Middle_East_and_North_Africa|regional call tailored for the MENA region]]''' will be conducted in Arabic on September 2 at 17.00 UTC. Kindly indicate your interest to attend this meeting. ''Subscribe to this newsletter [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Newsletter|on Meta-wiki]]'' <section end="content" /> </div> MCDC Support Team, 23:53, 14 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movement_Charter/Drafting_Committee/Newsletter/Subscribers&oldid=25458213 --> == Spam article == @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] [[Suraj Rana]] a blank page, requested for speedy deletion under the reason of "no useful content, spam page" [[Ihü kárírí:Contributions/82.115.220.168|82.115.220.168]] 12:16, 20 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) :Thanks for this notification [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 17:17, 20 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) == Spam Articles == @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] Pages that are requested for speedy deletion, I mentioned the link to the page & reason below : 1) [[Krishnam Kumar]] Reason : Language, written in english language in igbo wikipedia also, Telegram links are included in reference list, it indicates self promotion links. 2) [[Jhonnchefe]] Reason : Language, Self Promotional links are included like spotify, apple music, jaxta, YouTube. 3) [[Faaxy]] Reason : Language (English) 4) [[الشيخ محمد حمزة التميمي]] Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content 5) [[مسكنك]] Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content 6) [[إيجي سكاي]] Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content 7) [[أراتوك]] Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content 8) [[كيرلس مجدي القمص]] Reason : Blank page, Test Page, Spam, No useful content [[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 01:30, 21 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) :Thanks for this notification. Done! [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 07:05, 21 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) == Spam Articles (for speedy deletion) == @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] Again I'm here to show some spam articles, Pages that are requested for speedy deletion, I mentioned the link to the page & reason below : 1) [[اشرف عظيم وخبرته الواسعة في التسويق]] Reason : Language (English) 2) [[Mohamed Mohsen]] Reason : Language, Self Promotional links are included like Facebook, TikTok, Instagram 3) [[Exclusive Movies (Streaming Platform)]] Reason : Language, Self Promotional links are included like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram 4) [[Iftkhar Mughal ( Actor )]] Reason : Language, Self Promotional links are included - Instagram 5) [[Vivek Tripathi - Actor]] Reason : Language (English) 6) [[Nitin Meena]] Reason : Language (English) 7) [[Kiddyong]] Reason : Language, Contains personal informations - "phone number, email adddress," also it is just a self promoting article even you can able to understand by seeing the first line of that article "Kiddyong The Naughty Kid"??? 7) [[Omar Yahya (actor)]] Reason : Language (English), Self Promotional links are included - telegram, I couldn't find any real Movies of his and his biography is disorganized 8) [[King Media]] Reason : Language (English), Self Promotional links are included - telegram 9) [[Yahya Moussa]] Reason : Self Promotional links are included - telegram [[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 18:10, 21 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) :Thank you once again for bringing these to my notice. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 18:25, 21 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) ::@[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] Welcome :) [[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 01:19, 22 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) == Spam articles == @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] Once again here to show some spammy articles written in "Arabic language" with "Self promotional links" 1) [[محمد عتال]] Reason : Language (Arabic), Self Promotional Links - SoundCloud, Spotify Anghami 2) [[وسام شاهين]] Reason : Language (Arabic) 3) [[محمد جابر طه]] Reason : Language (Arabic) [[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 14:55, 22 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) :Thank you so much! Do not hesitate to tag me for cleanup. I sincerely appreciate your efforts. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 21:27, 22 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) ::@[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] 2 more spammy articles too. This time I included reason and additional reasons. ::1) [[Abdul Rahman Al Rubaie]] ::'''• Reason''' : Language (English), No useful content ::'''• Additional Reason''' : I searched about this person and I can't even able to get a single result about this person. This article contains only one paragraph, it says that he is football coach, other than it doesn't includes any notable works about him. ::2) [[Ahmed ALshehri]] ::'''• Reason''' : Language (English), No useful content ::'''• Additional reason''' : as same as mentioned in the first article. :: Another info - [[Nitin Meena]] This page was previously deleted because of language and multiple issues, this article was re-created by the same person [[ 2401:4900:41E8:A08C:D5B9:C39B:83A4:2E9C]] and I noticed that he is the person who is creating autobiography on themself as you can see his message on here: [[Okwu:Nitin Meena]]. ::Also thank you for your each responses. [[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Quanteri|ṅkátá]]) 11:18, 24 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) :::Thanks @[[Ọbanife:Quanteri|Quanteri]], I have responded accordingly.-- [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 15:13, 24 Ọgọọst 2023 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #125 is out: Wikimania digest, CoSMo language, GFpedia demo, CCKS keynote == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-08-31|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we recap what happened at our sessions at Wikimania 2023, we talk about some new updates regarding our Natural Language Generation special interest group (NLG SIG), and we briefly speak about Denny's most recent keynote speech. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:35, 1 Septemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25545271 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #126 is out: Let's start building morphological paradigms! == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-09-08|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, Denny proposes a call for action for creating morphological paradigms on Wikifunctions. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 19:25, 10 Septemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25545271 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #127 is out: Renderers and parsers for types == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-09-20|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, Denny introduces a discussion about how to represent integers on Wikifunctions and its related challenges. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:07, 22 Septemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25636326 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #128 is out: Serializers and deserializers for types == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-09-27|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, Denny introduces a discussion about how to make types easier to use, by discussing serializers and deserializers, and their role in Wikifunctions. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:47, 29 Septemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25669070 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #129 is out: Arguments made easier == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-10-04|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the recent improvements that made it easy to reference arguments in functions. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:58, 5 Ọktoba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25703700 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #130 is out: Running on WebAssembly == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-10-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our decision of rewriting the evaluator encapsulation service, in order to make it run on [[:w:en:WebAssembly|WebAssembly]]. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:31, 27 Ọktoba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25714201 --> == Crosswiki spam == Dear colleague, I have found your name at the page of sysop requests though I cannot figure out if you were elected eventually or not. But as you seem to be esteemed member of ig.wiki community, you know better what to do. It's about the article [[Hacktivist Vanguard]] which seems to be the last remnants of massive crosswiki spam and as such is the subject for speedy deletion. I'd be grateful if you take necessary steps according to the rules and habits of your local wiki. The best, [[Ọbanife:Андрей Романенко|Андрей Романенко]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Андрей Романенко|ṅkátá]]) 19:51, 3 Novemba 2023 (UTC) :Dear@[[Ọbanife:Андрей Романенко|Андрей Романенко]] thanks for bringing this to my notice. Yes, I'm a sysop on the Wiki. I'll do the needful. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 21:02, 3 Novemba 2023 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #131 is out: Python on WebAssembly; Improved Object selector; Next volunteer's corner == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-11-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our latest technical improvements on Wikifunctions. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1699900200 November 13, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:16, 6 Novemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25809033 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #132 is out: Wikifunctions, the library of functions that anyone can use and edit == [[File:Anyone can edit Wikifunctions.png|center|alt=Wikifunctions can now be edited by anyone!|660x660px]] There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-11-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we finally announce that Wikifunctions is on general availability, and that functions can be run also by non-logged in users! Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1699900200 November 13, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:50, 10 Novemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25837034 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #133 is out: What types next? == There is [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-11-16|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss which new types of functions should we support and the latest changes to the software. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:10, 18 Novemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25859261 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #134 is out: Welcome, Grace and Miguel! Appointing Functioneers now by community == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-11-30|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present two new members of the team, we discuss the latest changes in software, and we announce that Functioneer right will be now assigned by the community. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1701714600 December 4, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:01, 1 Disemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25909237 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #135 is out: Announcing Wikifunctions on the Wikimedia Foundation blog. Looking for feedback on the Function page proposal == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-12-06|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2023/12/05/introducing-wikifunctions-first-wikimedia-project-to-launch-in-a-decade-creates-new-forms-of-knowledge/ the latest blogpost] about us on WMF blog, and we invite you to share your feedback at the [[:f:Wikifunctions:Project chat#Function page proposal: looking for feedback|Wikifunctions' Project chat]] on the new proposed designs for the Function page. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 19:06, 7 Disemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25930840 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #136 is out: Looking back at 2023 == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2023-12-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we look back at all the accomplishments that we achieved in 2023 and we thank you all for your help in achieving them. Also, we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! This will be the last newsletter for 2023, so see you again in 2024! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:49, 15 Disemba 2023 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=25930840 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2023 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-seventh newsletter, a sort of year-in-review for 2023.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> Dear Wikimedians for Sustainable Development, As we bid farewell to 2023, we reflect on a year that has been an uneven year for our user group. While the journey has been marked by some truly inspiring events, most of our efforts have been largely uncoordinated and the user group hasn't been the support it could have been. Yet, there's a glimmer of hope and a world of potential for 2024. '''Highlights of 2023:''' ;Newsletters Galore: We kicked off the year with zeal, sharing updates and inspiration through four newsletters. The number of things happening in the movement is astounding, but we need to rethink the format of the newsletter going into the next year. ;Growing Strong: The Wikimedians for Sustainable Development family welcomed 33 new members in 2023. Your passion and dedication continue to inspire us, and we look forward to nurturing this community spirit in the year ahead. ;Wikimania Talks: Our voices echoed far and wide at Wikimania, where several members of our community took the virtual stage to share insights and ideas about everything from Wikipedians-in-Residence's to open data. Your contributions showcased our commitment to sustainable development on a global scale. ;Content Creation Magic: Throughout the year, our extended community demonstrated incredible dedication to expanding the knowledge base on Wikipedia. Countless hours were spent creating and curating content that aligns with our mission, contributing to a more sustainable digital ecosystem. ;Campaigning hard: We saw a large variety of campaigns, from writing challenges to editathons. The willingness to experiment with new formats and partners, as well as learning from past efforts, shows great promise for the future. '''Acknowledging Challenges:''' While we celebrate these achievements, we acknowledge that 2023 presented its fair share of challenges. A lack of global coordination reminded us that the road to sustainable development is not always linear. However, it is precisely these challenges that fuel our determination to work together more cohesively in the coming year and proof that the user group is needed. '''Hopeful Anticipation for 2024:''' As we turn the page to 2024, let's carry forward the lessons learned and the successes celebrated. We are optimistic that, with renewed energy and a collective commitment, we will overcome obstacles and create an even more impactful and connected Wikimedians for Sustainable Development community. Here's to a year of collaboration, growth, and making a lasting impact on the world through our shared passion for sustainability. Together, we can turn challenges into opportunities and pave the way for a brighter future. Wishing you all a joyous holiday season and a Happy New Year! Warm regards, [[m:User:Ainali|User:Ainali]], [[m:User:Daniel Mietchen|User:Daniel Mietchen]] PS. We have started writing [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2023|our yearly report]], please add your activities to it. This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 17:14, 1 Jenụwarị 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=25817439 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #137 is out: Introducing our first new type: Lists == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2024-01-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce our newest and much requested type of function, list. Also, we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1704738600 January 8, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:37, 5 Jenụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26002740 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #138 is out: The Joy of Collaboration; Introducing the Function of the Week: reverse string == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2024-01-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present you an essay from Denny and we introduce a new section of the newsletter, dedicated to the "function of the week". Also, we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! We also wanted to note that we are in the process of moving the Updates from Meta to Wikifunctions. We'll keep you updated about it. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:27, 12 Jenụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26002740 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #139 is out: Refreshing the Function page; Function of the Week: ROT13 == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2024-01-17|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce a redesign and rewrite of the Function page and we present our first "function of the week". Also, we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:05, 19 Jenụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26057555 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #140 is out: Getting debug information from code; Function of the Week: Wrap string == There is [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates/2024-01-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss debugging in implementations and we present our new "function of the week". Also, we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:54, 26 Jenụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26096332 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #141 is out: The Igbo Imperative! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-01|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we focus on language functions in Igbo, a language spoken by more than 44 million people in South-Eastern Nigeria. Also, we take a look at the latest software developments. Starting from this issue, the status updates will be hosted on Wikifunctions, instead of Meta. One more step towards maturation of the project! Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|our archive (on Meta)]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1707157800 February 5, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:14, 2 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26096332 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-eighth newsletter.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * We have submitted our [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2023|2023 annual report]]. * Upcoming meeting: on [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|9 February]], we'll have a call about roles and responsibilities in the user group. This is an attempt to make more opportunities to engage more of the user groups members in its activities. If you want to help out in some way, but don't know how, this is a meeting for you to get help creating that opportunity. If you know how you would like to help, but don't know how to get started, this is also the meeting for you. ; Other news * New Wikiproject for Climate Change on Basque Wikipedia: [[:eu:Wikiproiektu:Klima aldaketa|Wikiproiektu Klima Aldaketa]] * Climate Justice, Digital Rights and Indigenous Voices international Wikimedia event in Huaraz, Peru 2024: [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeDIuZQ61v35y3Q293ZV9YjNWOHsgwvq3t2XjP2cQ0OHG-EPA/viewform Engagement Survey] (closes 2 Feb) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:22, 2 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26169519 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #142 is out: Quarterly planning. Thank you, Nick! Function of the Week: is permutation == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss about the results of our last internal planning meeting, whose objective was to define what we will work on in this quarter. Also, we take a look at the latest changes in the team and the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive on Wikifunctions]] and [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|also on Meta]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:22, 8 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26096332 --> == Question from [[User:Assuranc29|Assuranc29]] (16:16, 14 Febụwarị 2024) == Please what it all about --[[Ọbanife:Assuranc29|Assuranc29]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Assuranc29|ṅkátá]]) 16:16, 14 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #143 is out: Fix-it week == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-14|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we take a look at the latest software developments, after our monthly "fix-it week", where we work on technical debt and other issues that pile up in our daily work. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive on Wikifunctions]] and [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Updates|also on Meta]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:19, 16 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26096332 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #144 is out: Updating the function model == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-22|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present the new documentation about our [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Function model|function model]] and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:55, 23 Febụwarị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26262834 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #145 is out: Type proposal for natural numbers == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-02-28|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our progresses with the new natural numbers type, we talk about events we are taking part to, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1709577000 March 4, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:40, 1 Maachị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26316559 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #146 is out: Introducing our second new type: Natural numbers == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-03-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the launch of the new natural numbers type, we talk about events we are taking part to, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:58, 8 Maachị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26316559 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our twenty-ninth newsletter.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * On 9 February, we had a user group meeting on roles and responsibilities ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240209|minutes]]) * Upcoming [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|user group meeting 17 March]] ; Other news * Wiki Loves Earth: Reminder that if you want to [[c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Earth_2024/Organise|organize a local competition]], it is time to get started. (SDG 15 and 14) * Wiki for Human Rights: Reminder that if you would like to [[m:WikiForHumanRights/Organize|organize a local event]], there is support available. (SDG 10) * Study: [https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/650852934/Meier_Wiki_Climate.pdf Using Wikipedia Pageview Data to Investigate Public Interest in Climate Change at a Global Scale] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by [[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 10:40, 9 Maachị 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26331508 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #147 is out: On identity == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-03-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the notion of identity and present our latest document about [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Representing identity|how we represent it]], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:27, 14 Maachị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26387944 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #148 is out: On the way to internationalizing numbers == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-03-21|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our progresses with the implementation of renderers and parsers for natural numbers, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:11, 22 Maachị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26401651 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #149 is out: Creating tests is now much easier! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-03-28|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our progresses with tests and how it is easier to make them, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:22, 29 Maachị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26500849 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #150 is out: Product Update on Diff and Upcoming API Improvements == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-04-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/03/27/wikifunctions-where-we-are-now-and-what-you-can-do/ our latest blog post on Diff], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1712615400 April 8, at 22:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:23, 4 Eprel 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26500849 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #151 is out: New API for calling Wikifunctions and celebrating 1000 functions == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-04-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the new API for calling Wikifunctions, we celebrate our first 1,000 functions, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Also, there's [https://boards.greenhouse.io/wikimedia/jobs/5850672 a job opening] for joining our team! Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:57, 12 Eprel 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26566985 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #152 is out: Welcome, Sharvani! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-04-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we welcome a new member of the team and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:14, 22 Eprel 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26599436 --> == Question from [[User:Henny17|Henny17]] (00:01, 26 Eprel 2024) == Hello I want to start editing --[[Ọbanife:Henny17|Henny17]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Henny17|ṅkátá]]) 00:01, 26 Eprel 2024 (UTC) :Hi @[[Ọbanife:Henny17|Henny17]]! Are you in the community WhatsApp group? That's where must editing sessions and training are announced. You can also join the Igbo community hubs around your area. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 06:38, 26 Eprel 2024 (UTC) == Making Google translate the default machine translation support in Igbo Wikipedia == Ndewo @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]]! Aha mụ bụ [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|Uzoma Ozurumba]], ana mụ arụrụ ndi WMF orụ. Biko, onwe ozi ndi WMF Language team zitere ndi Igbo Wikimedians nọ na [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako|igwe nkata Wikipedia]]. Ebe ibu otu onye nime ndi na atughari edemede na Igbo Wikipedia, ọ ga amasi anyi ma [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako#Making Google translate the default machine translation support in Igbo Wikipedia|igụọ ozi anyi]] gbasara mgbanwe ndi otu [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] chọrọ ime na igwe ntughari okwu nke nọ na Igbo Wikipedia, ma gwa anyi ebumunobi gi maka ya. Daalụ sọ maka ọru gi nile na ikwado ọmumu ihe na asụsụ Igbo. [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 20:17, 30 Eprel 2024 (UTC) :Ndewo@[[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]. Daalụ maka ozi a i zitere. A gụrụ m ozi ahụ ma tinye kwa ebumunobi [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako#Making Google translate the default machine translation support in Igbo Wikipedia|ebe a]]. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 07:34, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtieth newsletter covering March and April 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 13, 14 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * * Upcoming [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|user group meeting 19 May]] ; Other news * [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2024-03-29/Recent_research#Other_recent_publications|Wikipedia Signpost highlighted five papers about climate change editing]]. (SDG 13) * On Wikidata, [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Climate_Change/Models#Emissions|a model for documenting green house gas emissions]] has been created. (SDG 13) * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/EPA_Victoria_WiR_April_2024_Update An update] from the Wikipedian in Residence at the Environment Protection Authority in Victoria, Australia. * WikiAcción Perú organized a training session: "[[m:Volunteer Supporters Network/VSN Training: Climate Change Actions and Wikimedia Movement|Climate Change Actions and Wikimedia Movement]]" (SDG 13) * WikiForHumanRights organized a session: "[[m:Event:Adding Sustainability Perspectives to Wikivoyage|Adding Sustainability Perspectives to Wikivoyage]]" ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2024|Wiki Loves Earth]], the international photo contest of protected nature, starts in May. (SDG 14 & 15) * [[m:Wiki For Climate Change 2024 - Maghreb region|Wiki For Climate Change 2024 - Maghreb region]] starts in May. (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 19:17, 1 Mee 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26428292 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #153 is out: Team meeting and Quarterly plan == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the results of our team meeting held in San Francisco, USA, as well as presenting the objectives that we will pursue in the next months. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:57, 4 Mee 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26599436 --> == Next Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Volunteer's Corner is on May 6 == We remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1715016600 May 6, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Apologies for the reaching out to you with a separate message. See you at the meeting! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:12, 4 Mee 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26599436 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #154 is out: Flagship type for enumerations: Months of the Gregorian calendar == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-10|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our first proposal for a new type for enumerations and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:22, 13 Mee 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26599436 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #155 is out: Call for Functions: Spell out the number! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we call on you to help us doing new language functions about numbers and we also take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:01, 16 Mee 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26780875 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #156 is out: New type - Gregorian calendar months == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-22|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce our initial enumeration Type, Gregorian calendar months, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:18, 23 Mee 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26803534 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #157 is out: A single singular or a plurality of plurals? == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-05-30|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the various implications of linguistic functions about singulars and plurals, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1717435800 June 3, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:17, 31 Mee 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26847493 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - May 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtyfirst newsletter, covering May 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 13, 14 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * Upcoming: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting]], 16 June * [[m:Talk:Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development#Mini_report_from_the_Wikimedia_Summit_2024|Mini report from the Wikimedia Summit 2024]] * [https://wikipediapodden.se/jan-ainali-wikimedians-for-sustainable-development-wikimedia-summit-2024-265/ User group representative interviewed by Wikipediapodden] at Wikimedia Summit ([[:File:WP265 - Jan Ainali, Wikimedians for Sustainable Development, Wikimedia Summit 2024.mp3|commons]]) * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240519|Minutes from user group meeting in May]] ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/05/02/reflecting-_women-for-sustainability-africa-arts-feminism-her-voice-campaign-2023/ Reflecting _Women For Sustainability Africa Arts + Feminism #Her Voice Campaign 2023] * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2024/Contents/Macedonia report|Macedonia report: Climate change and GLAM]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/April 2024/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library April monthly highlights]] (SDG 14 & 15) * [https://www.nature.com/articles/d44148-024-00166-y WikiProject Biodiversity featured in Nature Africa] (SDG 14 & 15) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fFWS7hfetZk Wikimedia UK releases a video about their climate focus] (SDG 13) ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2024|Wiki Loves Earth]], the international photo contest of protected nature, continues in some countries. (SDG 14 & 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 13:18, 1 Jụn 2024 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=26852366 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #158 is out: New Type: Sign == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-06-06|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a new enumeration type, Sign, and we take a look at the latest software developments. We are also looking for feedback for our next new types. See [[:f:Wikifunctions:Project chat#Testing two new types|the announcement at the Project Chat]] for more information. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:59, 7 Jụn 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26847493 --> == Plans to enable MinT for Wiki readers in Igbo Wikipedia == Ndewo Nwa-ada @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]], Imere otu ole? Enwerem olileanya na ahụ di gi nma. Biko, onwe ozi ndi WMF Language team zitere ndi otu Igbo Wikipedia maka ngwa ọrụ ha chọrọ itineyere anyi. Ọ ga-amasi anyi ma igụọ ihe gbasara [[Wikipedia:Nzọr ogbako#Plans to enable MinT for Wiki readers in Igbo Wikipedia|'''ozi a''']], ma testia ngwa a, ma zaghachi anyi ebunuche gi gbasara itinye ngwa ọrụ a nke a na akpọ "MinT for Wiki Readers" na ịgbo Wiki. Inwekwara ike ime ka ndi otu Igbo Wikipedia ndi ọzọ mata maka ozi a ma gwa anyi uche ha igwe ozi. Daalụ sọ! [[Ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:UOzurumba (WMF)|ṅkátá]]) 23:57, 10 Jụn 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #159 is out: New Type: Igbo calendar months == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-06-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a new enumeration type, this time for the thirteen months of the [[:en:Igbo calendar|Igbo calendar]], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:21, 14 Jụn 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26847493 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #160 is out: New Type: Integers == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-06-20|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we are happy to announce that we introduced another new type, [[:f:Z16683|integers]], that will increase our coverage of mathematical functions. Moreover, we take a look at the (many!) software developments we introduced in the last week. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:07, 21 Jụn 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26945737 --> == Question from [[User:Kwinkate|Kwinkate]] (21:51, 21 Jụn 2024) == Hello --[[Ọbanife:Kwinkate|Kwinkate]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Kwinkate|ṅkátá]]) 21:51, 21 Jụn 2024 (UTC) :Hello [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 04:02, 22 Jụn 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #161 is out: Welcome, Daphne! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-06-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we welcome a new member of the team, we ask for feedback about [[:f:Wikifunctions:Design/About widget improvements|our "About" widget designs]], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1719855000 July 1, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:20, 27 Jụn 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=26945737 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - June 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirtysecond newsletter, covering June 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 3, 13, 14, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Movement Charter Vote|User group vote on the adoption of the Movement Charter]] (closes 7 July 23.59 UTC) * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Upcoming user group meeting]] 21 July * User group meeting held in June - [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240616|minutes]] * The group was featured in the latest WikiAfrica Hour: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4B6VI20qopk #36: Does the Wikimedia movement contribute to the SDGs?] ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/06/18/stories-from-the-anti-disinformation-repository-how-wikiproject-covid-19-and-other-wikimedia-initiatives-counter-health-disinformation/ Stories from the anti-disinformation repository: How WikiProject COVID-19 and other Wikimedia initiatives counter health disinformation] (SDG 3) * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/Environment_Centre_NT_Wikipedian_in_Residence Environment Centre Northern Territory Wikipedian in Residence] (SDG 15) * [https://www.gp.se/debatt/med-ai-kan-vi-oka-transparensen-om-foretagens-klimatavtryck.2dd4e006-57e3-4534-a0be-70ca56a289e4 With AI can we increase transparency of companies' carbon footprints] (in Swedish). Op-ed that mentions that the greenhouse gas emissions of the top 150 companies on the Stockholm stock exchange has been uploaded to Wikidata. The model is documented on [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_Climate_Change/Models#Emissions|WikiProject Climate Change on Wikidata]]. (SDG 13) * [[wmfblog:2024/06/25/another-year-in-review-where-is-wikimedia-in-the-climate-crisis-seeing-the-impact-of-wikimedia-projects/|Another Year in Review: Where is Wikimedia in the Climate Crisis? Seeing the impact of Wikimedia Projects]] (SDG 13) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2024/06/24/46-scholars-self-advocates-bring-knowledge-to-wikipedias-disability-healthcare-content/ 46 scholars, self-advocates bring knowledge to Wikipedia’s disability healthcare content] (SDG 3) * [[c:File:Wikimedia klimatpåverkansrapport 2023.pdf|Wikimedia Sverige publishes their 2023 climate impact report]] (in Swedish) (SDG 13) * WikiProject Govdirectory has started [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Govdirectory/Weekly collaboration|weekly collaboration on countries]] (SDG 16) ; Events * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/06/18/wikimedia-chapters-and-groups-organise-the-first-sharks-and-rays-wikimarathon/ Wikimedia chapters and groups organise the first Sharks and Rays Wikimarathon] (29 June, but edits in the weeks after are welcome) (SDG 14) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 09:27, 1 Julaị 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27039469 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #162 is out: Quarterly planning == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-07-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present our objectives and lines of work for this quarter, we remember to give your feedback about [[:f:Wikifunctions:Design/About widget improvements|our "About" widget designs]], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1720459800 July 8, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:59, 5 Julaị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27024810 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #163 is out: Type proposals for accessing Lexemes == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-07-10|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our current draft about Type proposals for accessing Lexemes, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:21, 12 Julaị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27076454 --> == First meet == Nnọọ @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]], I came from English WP, and I am a bit interested with languages, since I am a seminarian, and often speak little Igbo. I presume many of our editors are on the English based. I will want you to keep good eye here since I will try creating, revamping, and tagging for deletion also. Asirim ka m gwa gi. It is also part of my learning to advance in it. [[Ọbanife:SafariScribe|SafariScribe]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:SafariScribe|ṅkátá]]) 14:30, 15 Julaị 2024 (UTC) :Ndewo @[[Ọbanife:SafariScribe|SafariScribe]]! It's really great to have you here.👍🏽 I see your works on the English Wikipedia, way to go! I started with the English Wikipedia, then moved to Igbo when I discovered it was available. Though I still edit the English Wikipedia sometimes...You are welcome and if you need assistance or anything you think I can help out with, please feel free to let me know. Obi dị m ụtọ na ị bịara ịnọnyere anyị, nnọọ! [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 03:00, 16 Julaị 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #164 is out: Research report on integrating Wikifunctions from Wikipedia == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-07-18|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present you the results of a research about how to integrate Wikifunctions and Wikipedia, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:33, 19 Julaị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27076454 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #165 is out: Wikimania 2024 coming soon! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-07-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our upcoming Wikifunctions events at Wikimania 2024, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:13, 29 Julaị 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27145131 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - July 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty third newsletter, covering July 2024. This issue has news related to SDGs 5, 10, 13, and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting held in July, [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240721|minutes]] * Next user group meeting will be 18 August ; Other news * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/June 2024/Contents/Macedonia report|Climate change editahon and workshop in Macedonia]] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/16/wikiforhumanrights-in-nigeria-2024-campaign-virtual-launch/ WikiForHumanRights in Nigeria 2024 Campaign Virtual Launch] (SDG 10&16) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/16/what-we-learned-from-wiki-women-in-red-8-campaign-2023-women-for-sustainability-africa/ What we Learned from Wiki Women In Red @8 Campaign 2023 Women for Sustainability Africa] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/17/ghanaian-wikipedians-set-to-educate-students-on-open-climate/ Ghanaian Wikipedians set to educate students on Open Climate] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/23/using-wikipedia-as-a-tool-for-climate-action/ Using Wikipedia as a Tool for Climate Action] (SDG 13) ; Events * 5th August, [[m:Event:Wiki-Green_Conference_2024 Wiki-Green Conference]] (SDG 13) * 7-10 August, Wikimania - [[wikimania:2024:Program/SDG_related_sessions|All SDG related sessions]] * 7-9 November, [https://wikimedia.org.ar/2024/07/03/justicia-climatica-voces-indigenas-y-plataformas-wikimedia/ Justicia climática, voces indígenas y plataformas Wikimedia] (SDG 13) ; Participate * Share an example of a successful [[m:Campaigns/WikiProjects|WikiProject or topical collaboration]] in this on-wiki survey This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 18:57, 1 Ọgọọst 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27042528 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #169 is out: Limits on Name and Description Lengths == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-08-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the introduction of more stringent limits on the length of object names, input names, and descriptions, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! You might be interested in the [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-08-02|launch of our "About" widget]], a [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-08-16|summary of our experience at Wikimania 2024]], or the [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-08-23|refinement of WasmEdge]]. Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1725298200 September 2, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:04, 30 Ọgọọst 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27347529 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - August 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty fourth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDGs 5, 11, 15, and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20240915|Next user group meeting]], 15 September, will be focused on starting to develop a strategy for the group. If you cannot attend, you can leave your input on [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Strategy 2030/Ideas|the ideas page]]. * User group meeting held in August ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240818|minutes]]) ; Other news * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/New Zealand report|Report from WikiProject International Botanical Congress 2024]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/Switzerland report|Meeting for Writing on Femenist Strikes and Wiki for Peace Camp St. Imier]] (SDG 5 & 16) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/July 2024/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]] (SDG 15) * Wikimania had a lot of [[wikimania:2024:Program/SDG_related_sessions|SDG related sessions]] and you can watch them back now ; Events * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Monuments 2024|Wiki Loves Monuments]] starts in September (SDG 11) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 06:24, 2 Septemba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27262444 --> == Pages nominated for deletion == Hello @[[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] this are the pages with no information on Igbo wikipedia I told you about. Please help me delete them. 1 [[Innocent Anyanwu]] 2 [[Ikedi Ohakim]] 3 [[Iheanyi Uwaezuoke]] 4 [[Ifunanyachi Achara]] 5[[Ibezito Ogbonna|I bezito Ogbonna]] 6 [[Holmes Onwukaife]] 7 [[Henry Nwawuba]] 8 [[Francis Okaroh]] 9 [[Francis Arinze]] 10 [[Ezenwa Otorogu]] 11 [[Eric Obinna Chukwunyelu]] 12 [[Ephraim Ikeakor]] 13 [[Emmanuel Okala]] 14 [[Emmanuel Ekwueme]] 15 [[Edwin Ume-Ezeoke]] 16 [[Cyprian Michael Iwene Tansi]] 17 [[Clarion Chukwura]] 18 [[Chukwuemeka Chikelu]] 19 [[Chima Anyaso]] 20 [[Chikelue Iloenyosi]] 21 [[Chijioke Ejiogu]] 22 [[Charles Chukwuma Soludo]] 23 [[Cedric Ogbuehi]] 24 [[Bruno Ibeh]] 25 [[Bonaventure Enemali]] 26 [[Augustine Nwagwu]] 27 [[Augustine Aniebo]] 28 [[Anyika Onuora]] 29 [[Jude Aneke]] 30 [[Kennedy Ihenacho]] 31 [[Kelvin Ebuka Nwamora]] 32 [[Kenechuhwu Uchenwa]] 33 [[Kennedy Nzechukwu]] 34 [[Kingsley Chibueze Onyeukwu]][[Ihü kárírí:PermaLink/186940|2]] 35 [[Louis Okoye]][[Ihü kárírí:PermaLink/186939|2]] 36 [[Maxwell Anikwenwa]][[Ihü kárírí:PermaLink/186938|2]] 37 [[Victoria Ohuruogu]] 38 [[Valerian Ume-Ezeoke]] 39 [[Obinna Nwaneri]] 40 [[Ugonna Ozurigbo]] 41 [[Ugonna Anyora]] 42 [[Uchechukwu N. Maduako]] 43 [[Steve Eboh]] 44 [[Rolland Ezuruike]] 45 [[Philomena Obiageliuwa Uyanwah]] 46 [[Obinna Eregbu]] 47 [[Osita Henry Chikere]] 48 [[Okwesilieze Nwodo]] 49 [[Okey Uzoeshi]] 50 [[Sikiratu Sindodo]] 51 [[Abba Moro]] 52 [[Ramatu Tijani Aliyu]] [[Ọbanife:Ogalihillary|Ogalihillary]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Ogalihillary|ṅkátá]]) 13:04, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) :Thanks @[[Ọbanife:Ogalihillary|Ogalihillary]] thanks for this notification. I'll do the needful. [[Ọbanife:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 16:08, 6 Septemba 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #171 is out: Dagbani Wikipedia will be our first wiki for Wikifunctions integration == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-09-13|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce Dagbani Wikipedia as our first wiki for Wikifunctions integration, discuss the recent stability challenges we've had in the past few days, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:51, 13 Septemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27347529 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #172 is out: Introducing focus topic areas == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-09-20|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce focus topic areas for generating natural language texts and we update you on last week's site incident. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:30, 21 Septemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27457443 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #173 is out: Quarterly planning for October–December 2024 == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-09-26|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we give you an overview of what we will focus on in the next three months, we discuss our presentation at [[:m:Celtic Knot Conference 2024|Celtic Knot conference 2024]], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:42, 26 Septemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27457443 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - September 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-fifth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20240915|User group meeting held in September on strategy for the group]] ; Other news * [[m:Wikimedia CEE Meeting 2024/Submissions/Building a sustainable Wikimedia movement: A contribution from the CEE region|Building a sustainable Wikimedia movement: A contribution from the CEE region]], presentation at CEE meeting. ([https://www.youtube.com/live/iB3KNFtA4xI?t=6739 YouTube]) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/09/30/all-about-wiki-green-conference-2024/ All About Wiki-Green Conference 2024] (SDG 13) ; Events * Course: [https://wikiedu.org/courses/global-approaches-to-climate-finance-4/ Global Approaches to Climate Finance] by WikiEdu (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:26, 1 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27437535 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #174 is out: Focus topic: food == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss one of our next topics we will focus on for our work: food. We hope you have a good appetite for discussion. :) Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1728322200 October 7, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:42, 4 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27548252 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #175 is out: Wikidata Lexemes in Wikifunctions are coming soon == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present a preview of our planned support for Wikidata lexemes in Wikifunctions, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:54, 11 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27548252 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #176 is out: What could abstract content look like? == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-17|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present some thoughts by [[User:Mahir256]] about how abstract content could look like in the future, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:12, 17 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27548252 --> == Question from [[User:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] (23:51, 17 Ọktoba 2024) == How can I be promoted to administrative level here? --[[Ọbanife:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] ([[Okwu ọbanife:Goodymaraj|ṅkátá]]) 23:51, 17 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #177 is out: Our goal for this Quarter: Agreement == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss our goal of building up phrases from Lexemes using linguistic agreement, i.e. accordance to number and gender when constructing a phrase. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:32, 25 Ọktoba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27638060 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - October 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-sixth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Upcoming meeting]], 24 November, 17.00 UTC ; Other news * Talk at WikiIndaba: [[m:WikiIndaba 2024/Proposal/Wikimedian collaboration in human knowledge: Wiki For Climate Change in the Maghreb region|Wikimedian collaboration in human knowledge: Wiki For Climate Change in the Maghreb region]] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/10/17/championing-inclusion-in-the-wikimedia-movement-africa-wiki-women-presentation-at-the-wiki-niger-conference/ Championing Inclusion in the Wikimedia Movement: Africa Wiki Women Presentation at the Wiki Niger Conference] (SDG 5) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/10/25/mountains-birds-and-lakes-wiki-loves-earth-2024-central-asia-edition/ Mountains, Birds and Lakes: Wiki Loves Earth 2024 – Central Asia Edition] (SDG 15) ; Events * November 6, 12 and 21: [https://universityofexeter.zoom.us/meeting/register/tJAkdeqrrzMoGdEeMYlR6q0A7QMHwwwM2VIZ#/registration Climate Change & Health in the UK - Wikipedia workshop] (SDG 3 and 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 20:01, 1 Novemba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27587619 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #178 is out: Rewriting the backend == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-01|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss how the team is working hard to rewrite Wikifunctions' backend, to overcome some of the limits we encountered with the current language. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1730745000 November 4, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:19, 2 Novemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27660634 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #179 is out: The dream of a Universal Language == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we talk about several presentation in and around the topics of languages and our work, we discuss the current refactoring of our functions catalogue and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 22:50, 7 Novemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27660634 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #180 is out: New type: Rational numbers == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present you our newest Type, [[:f:Z19677|rational numbers]], as well as the new renderer and parser for natural numbers, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:40, 14 Novemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27660634 --> == We need your help with Igbo Wikipedia Main Page == Ndewo Goody, Biko nyere anyi aka, mmadu mebisiri ihu mbu Igbo Wikipedia. A na m acho ka mweghachi ya mana okweghi. Biko nyere anyi aka. [[Ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Tochiprecious|ṅkátá]]) 13:38, 19 Novemba 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #181 is out: New special page for missing labels, new type for Gregorian years, and much more == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-21|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a new special page for objects with a missing label, we present two new types (Gregorian year and Wikidata statement rank), we showcase several contributions made by you volunteers, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:23, 22 Novemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27757932 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #182 is out: WordGraph release; New Special page: list functions by tests; new type for day of the year, and much more == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-11-27|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the implications of the release of Google Zurich's WordGraph dataset, we introduce a new special page, support for other Wikidata statements and a new type (day of Roman year), and finally we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:03, 28 Novemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27872982 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - November 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-seventh newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 8, 12, 13, 15, 16 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting, 24 November ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20241124|minutes]]) * We are working on our [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|annual plan for 2025]], please add activities that you would like to work on. ; Other news * [[m:Event:CEE Catch up Nr. 8 (November 2024)|CEE Catch up Nr. 8 with a sustainability theme]] * [[w:pt:Wikipédia:Wikiconcurso Justiça Climática e Amazônia|Wikiconcurso Justiça Climática e Amazônia]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October_2024/Contents/New_Zealand_report#nz-edit|Report from New Zealand Species Edit-a-thons]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/October_2024/Contents/Macedonia_report#vvc|Report from climate change editing workshop in Macedonia]] (SDG 13) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November_2024/Contents/Croatia_report|DeGrowth in November with students, artists and academics in Croatia]] (SDG 8&12) * The new [[mw:Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#November_2024:_Production_deployment_and_security_review_complete|Charts extension has been enabled on Wikimedia Commons]]. It's time to start bringing all your local sustainability related charts over there! (SDG 17) ; Events * Ongoing: [[m:Event:Bridging Climate Literacy Gaps through Wikimedia projects in Ogoni Land Rivers|Bridging Climate Literacy Gaps through Wikimedia projects in Ogoni Land Rivers]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[m:Event:Financiamiento climático en Wikipedia|Financiamiento climático en Wikipedia]] (SDG 13) * Just started: [[m:Event:African Legislators in Red|African Legislators in Red]] (SDG 16) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 19:29, 1 Disemba 2024 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27830533 --> == Next Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Volunteers' Corner will be on December 9 == Hi, we remind you that, if you have questions or ideas to discuss about Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia, you can participate to the next '''Volunteers' Corner''', that will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1733758200 December 9, at 15:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). We hope to see you there! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:46, 6 Disemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27889617 --> == Question from [[User:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] (18:38, 13 Disemba 2024) == Hi, Olugold I have added Wikipedia pages for quick deletion. I hope to delete them as soon as possible and activate the deletion template on them, but they delete them over and over again. Thanks Olugold --[[Ojiarụ:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Goodymaraj|ṅkátá]]) 18:38, 13 Disemba 2024 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #183 is out: Sketching a path to Abstract Wikipedia; Team offsite in Lisbon; and much more == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-12-12|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss how natural language generation for Abstract Wikipedia might develop, and we share news on tools and types on Wikifunctions. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:52, 16 Disemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27889617 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #184 is out: Function of the Week: age; Intros for year articles; New Type: Floating-point number == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-12-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In the last issue for 2024, we discuss functions to create introductions for articles about years, we showcase one of the 23 functions with the Gregorian year type, we introduce a new type, and finally we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 22:06, 19 Disemba 2024 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=27889617 --> == Question from [[User:Ahmedborar673|Ahmedborar673]] on [[Basil Raslan]] (22:11, 26 Disemba 2024) == Basil Raslan --[[Ojiarụ:Ahmedborar673|Ahmedborar673]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Ahmedborar673|ṅkátá]]) 22:11, 26 Disemba 2024 (UTC) == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2024 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-eighth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 10, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting in December ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20241229|minutes]]) * We have adopted an [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|annual plan for 2025]]! ; Other news * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_hWBwaQxaw Lightning talk by Adam Harangzo - National Institute for Health and Care Research on Wikipedia] (SDG 3&13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/12/11/top-photos-of-the-special-nomination-human-rights-and-environment-from-wiki-loves-earth-2024%f0%9f%a4%9d/ Top photos of the special nomination “Human Rights and Environment” from Wiki Loves Earth 2024!] (SDG 10&15) * [https://www.wikimedia.nz/nz-species-editathon-recap/ Two days, 15 editors, 750 edits] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/12/28/a-peekaboo-into-our-butterflying-trip-from-the-amazon-of-the-east/ A Peekaboo Into Our Butterflying Trip from the Amazon of the East] (SDG 15) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2024/12/27/brooklyn-college-students-bring-ecology-course-content-to-wikipedia/ Brooklyn College students bring ecology course content to Wikipedia] (SDG 13&15 * [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/09636625241268890 Declaring crisis? Temporal constructions of climate change on WikipediaDeclaring crisis? Temporal constructions of climate change on Wikipedia] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 08:04, 2 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=27983472 --> == Would you join our editorial board? == Hi @[[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]], how are you doing? Would you join our community editorial board? This helps to record a resounding outcome. Thanks for your consideration. [[Ojiarụ:Onwuka Glory|Onwuka Glory]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Onwuka Glory|ṅkátá]]) 16:22, 2 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC) == Next Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Volunteers' Corner will be on January 13 == Hi, we remind you that, if you have questions or ideas to discuss about Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia, you can participate to the next Volunteers' Corner, that will be held on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1736793000 January 13, at 18:30 UTC] ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). We hope to see you there! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:44, 10 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28062578 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #185 is out: Happy Wikipedia day! Quarterly planning == The [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-01-15|first update of 2025]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions is out. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present our plan for the upcoming quarter (January-March 2025), we suggest changes to our "Function of the week" section, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:34, 17 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28062578 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #186 is out: Welcome, David! Naming conventions recommendations == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-01-22|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we welcome a new member of the team, we introduce our current discussion on naming conventions recommendations, we introduce a new section dedicated to the newest functions created, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:36, 23 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28062578 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #187 is out: With 2000 Functions into the new year: time for stats == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-01-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present some statistics about where we are as a project, we give some updates about our Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1738607400 February 3, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:05, 30 Jenụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28185757 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our thirty-ninth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 11, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20250223|User group meeting 23 February]] * User group meeting in January ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250119|minutes]]). * The user group submitted an annual report in the new [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Affiliates Strategy/Implementation/Affiliate health criteria/Reports/2024/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|affiliate health criteria format]], and as an [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2024|activity report]]. * The [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Strategy 2030|2030 strategy]] for the user group was adopted. ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/01/06/swiss-server-helped-optimise-wikidata-in-the-field-of-medicine/ Swiss server helped optimise Wikidata in the field of medicine] (SDG 3) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/01/08/photographers-from-turkiye-tell-the-story-of-award-wining-photos-in-wiki-loves-earth-2024/ Photographers from Türkiye tell the story of award wining photos in Wiki Loves Earth 2024] (SDG 15) * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZnAp7oovlg OpenStreetMap and Wikidata in Disaster Times - CEE Meeting 2024 Istanbul] (SDG 11) ; Events * 1-28 February: [[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/5DC7IKHKGBEE5KOD4PY2XNKT55EA6LW4/|Wiki Loves Africa: Climate & Weather ISA campaign]] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]]) 14:05, 4 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC)</bdi> • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28153013 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #188 is out: Invitation to the Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-02-06|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present a proposal to restructure our Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group (NLG SIG) meeting, we announce the creation of a new type, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:17, 6 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28185757 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #189 is out: Restricting the World, redux == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-02-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we have an essay from Denny, we discuss the fix to the Byte Type, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:19, 14 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28241947 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #190 is out: A proposal for types per language and part of speech == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-02-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present a proposal for types to represent a part of speech in a language, we present some events that we have taken part to (or we are taking part to), and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:50, 20 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28271571 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">We would like to hear about your experiences with Temporary Accounts</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="body"/> [[File:Temporary Accounts - first edit popup.png|thumb]] '''[https://wikimedia.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_e2MNLeWJU89pNTo This survey should take no longer than 5 minutes to complete.]''' The Trust & Safety Product team recently made [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] available on 12 wikis. There are plans to expand this to a larger set of wikis in the coming weeks and months and then proceed with a complete deployment later this year. Your participation in this survey will be immensely valuable in helping us understand how well Temporary Accounts are working and what we can improve on going forward. The privacy policy for this survey may be [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Temp_Accounts_Minor_Pilots_Survey_Privacy_Statement|viewed at this link]]. By completing this survey, you agree to the terms set forward in the privacy policy. Thank you!<section end="body"/> </div> [[User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]] ([[User talk:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">ṅkátá</span>]]) 02:50, 27 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:SGrabarczuk (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:SGrabarczuk_(WMF)/sandbox/8&oldid=28315571 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #191 is out: From things to words == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-02-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the deployment of the possibility of getting the right Lexeme given a Wikidata Item, we discuss the newest updates about Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1741026600 March 3, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:16, 28 Febụwarị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28307629 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fortieth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 8, 11, 13, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting in February ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250223|minutes]]). ; Other news * [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Earth 2025/Organise|Time to get ready to organize Wiki Loves Earth]] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/02/05/women-of-the-future-international-womens-day-2025/ ‘Women of the Future’ – International Women’s Day 2025] (SDG 5) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/02/17/the-experts-behind-the-edits-expanding-public-understanding-of-healthcare/ The Experts Behind the Edits: Expanding public understanding of healthcare] (SDG 3) * [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/ecosia-and-wikimedia-enterprise-partner/ Wikimedia Enterprise and Ecosia Partner to Drive Sustainable Search Innovation] (SDG 13) * A [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject Climate Change/Policies|subproject to WikiProject Climate Change about Climate Change Policies]] has just started on Wikidata (SDG 13) ; Events * 1 March: [[m:Event:Open Data Day 2025 in Côte d'Ivoire|Open Data Day 2025 in Côte d'Ivoire]] (SDG 8) * 7 March [[m:Event:Govdirectory Collab Hour - Open Data Day 2025|Govdirectory Collab Hour - Open Data Day 2025]] (SDG 16) * 8 March–1 April: [[m:Event:Shine Her Light Writing Contest 2025|Shine Her Light Writing Contest 2025]] (SDG 5) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 07:51, 1 Maachị 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28259111 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #192 is out: Recent Changes in the software, Recording of Volunteer’s Corner, and talks in London == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-03-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present two talks that will feature Denny as a speaker and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:12, 7 Maachị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28307629 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #193 is out: Upcoming NLG meeting, Recent Changes in the software == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-03-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we invite you to the next [[:f:Wikifunctions:NLG SIG|NLG SIG Meeting]], that will take place [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1739894400 on Tuesday March 18 at 16 UTC], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:39, 15 Maachị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28399838 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #194 is out: Wikidata-based simple enumerations == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-03-20|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a discussion about a new kind of enumeration type, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:06, 21 Maachị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28399838 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #195 is out: It’s about time == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-03-28|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a discussion about how to support the creation of a type for time that is compatible with Wikidata, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:25, 28 Maachị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28399838 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty first newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13, 15 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/03/27/organise-your-local-wiki-loves-earth-in-2025/ Organise your local Wiki Loves Earth in 2025!] (SDG 15) * [[d:Wikidata:Property proposal/Climate Policy Radar ID|Wikidata property proposal for the Climate Policy Radar]] (SDG 13) * [https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstream/handle/2077/85640/NKB_Debatt_Wikipedia.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Biologists encourage other biologists to edit Wikipedia] (in Swedish) (SDG 15) * A [[c:File:Langzeitkooperationen zwischen Museen und dem Wikipedia-Universum.pdf|presentation on long-term collaborations between museums and the Wikimedia universe]] was given on March 10 at a [https://www.kiekeberg-museum.de/fileadmin/user_upload/3_4_1_Tagungen/geplante_tagungen/Programm_Tagung_Mittwochs_ist_Museumstag_-_Langzeitkooperationen_im_Museum_10-11.3.2025_FLMK3.pdf symposium on long-term collaborations with museums in Germany](SDG 17) * A [[c:File:Gemeinsam mehr erreichen Freies Wissen als Grundlage der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Wikimedia und anderen Ehrenamtsinitiativen.pdf|presentation on existing and potential collaborations between the Wikimedia community and other volunteer communities]] was given on March 29 at a [https://tdsummit.d-s-e-e.de/ national volunteering convention] in Germany (SDG 17) ; Events * [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20250420|Next user group meeting: 20 April]] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> [[Ojiarụ:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:MediaWiki message delivery|ṅkátá]]) 09:28, 1 Eprel 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28259111 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #196 is out: Quarterly Planning for April–June 2025; We are looking for a Senior Product Manager == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-05|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present our work plan for the upcoming quarter (April-June 2025), we publish a new job opening for joining the team, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1744047000 April 7, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 6 Eprel 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28471753 --> == Question from [[User:Riyad hossain 89|Riyad hossain 89]] (18:56, 9 Eprel 2025) == Riyad Hossain With over 05 years of experience in the field of journalism, Riyad Hossain heads the editorial operations of Mission Ki Awaaz as a Blogger. Lives from Bangladesh --[[Ojiarụ:Riyad hossain 89|Riyad hossain 89]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Riyad hossain 89|ṅkátá]]) 18:57, 9 Eprel 2025 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #197 is out: Quarter in review, and lots of material to watch == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we evaluate our work done for the recently closed quarter (January-March 2025), we present you a number of video and blogpost about us to watch and read, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also we remind you that the next '''Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group meeting''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1744732800 April 15, at 16:00 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xzn-kqer-mah link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:20, 11 Eprel 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28471753 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #198 is out: Wikifunctions integrated in Dagbani - and Wikifunctions; and the date of Easter == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-16|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce that this week we switched on the ability to call Wikifunctions functions from within Dagbani Wikipedia (our first wiki to do so!), we discuss the functions related to calculating the dates of Easter, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:28, 17 Eprel 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28471753 --> == Question from [[User:Dr Ann Dangote|Dr Ann Dangote]] on [[Legrek Parond]] (07:00, 25 Eprel 2025) == do all articles have to be written in igbo or can the articles be written in English. --[[Ojiarụ:Dr Ann Dangote|Dr Ann Dangote]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Dr Ann Dangote|ṅkátá]]) 07:00, 25 Eprel 2025 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #199 is out: Welcome, Gregory! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present a new member of the team, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746466200 May 5, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:16, 28 Eprel 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28586963 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #200 is out: Abstract Wikipedia is a MacArthur 100&Change finalist == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-04-30|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce that we reached the final stage of a grant competition, we introduce our next big conversation about where the content of Abstract Wikipedia will be located, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746466200 May 5, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:57, 1 Mee 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28628447 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #201 is out: Abstract Wikipedia and the Wikimedia AI Strategy == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-05-09|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss how Abstract Wikipedia ties in with the newly announced WMF's strategy for AI, we talk about the Wikimedia Hackathon and our community meetings, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:27, 10 Mee 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28661550 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty second newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250420|minutes]]) ; Other news * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/04/09/zombie-ants-to-bioremediation-the-world-of-entomopathogenic-fungi/ Zombie ants to bioremediation: The world of entomopathogenic fungi] (SDG 15) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2025/04/21/with-foundation-increases-support-to-expand-disability-healthcare-information-on-wikipedia/ WITH Foundation increases support to expand disability healthcare information on Wikipedia] (SDG 3) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/04/04/women-and-health-project-improving-the-representation-of-womens-health-on-wikipedia/ Women and Health Project: Improving the representation of women’s health on Wikipedia] (SDG 3&5) ; Events * May 19: [[m:Habilidades Digitales Verdes en Wikimedia 2025|Habilidades Digitales Verdes en Wikimedia 2025]] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 07:22, 11 Mee 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28259111 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #202 is out: Location of Abstract Content == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-05-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we invite you to [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|a consultation]] about where should the content of Abstract Wikipedia be stored, we invite you to our next online presentation, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:56, 16 Mee 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28661550 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #203 is out: Ongoing consultation about the Location for Abstract Content == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-05-23|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we invite you again to [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|a consultation]] about where should the content of Abstract Wikipedia be stored, we present some updates about existing and new types, we remind you of our next online presentation, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:54, 23 Mee 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28661550 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #204 is out: Rolling out to five Wiktionaries; Calculating with today's date == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-05-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we talk about our latest deployment on five Wiktionaries, we showcase a couple of functions about dates, we remind you of ongoing discussions and upcoming presentations, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1748885400 June 2, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:38, 29 Mee 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28780680 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #205 is out: Where will Abstract Content go? == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-06-06|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we give you some updates on the discussion about where to store abstract content, we present you the recordings of our latest presentations and meetings, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:38, 9 Jụn 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28806388 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - May 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty third newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, 10, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 22 June: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User group meeting]] ; Other news * Several papers presented at WikiWorkshop: ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_24.pdf EcoWikiRS: Using Species Descriptions in Wikipedia and Remote Sensing to Learn about the Ecological Properties of a Place] (SDG 15) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_6.pdf Data Extraction Methods for Analyzing Gender Bias on Wikipedia's Front Page] (SDG 5) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_28.pdf Measuring Cross-Lingual Information Gaps in English Wikipedia: A Case Study of LGBT People Portrayals] (SDG 10) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_14.pdf Exploring Wikipedia community practices during the 2024 European Parliament election] (SDG 16) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_55.pdf Wikipedia as a Tool for Tracking Mass Migration Flows: Insights from the Russian Invasion of Ukraine] (SDG 10) ** [https://wikiworkshop.org/2025/paper/wikiworkshop_2025_paper_65.pdf Regulations in Wikidata: The case of PFAS-related regulations] (SDG 3 & 16) * [https://wikipediapodden.se/minimal-viable-species-stub-315/ Podcast about the minimal viable species stub] (SDG 15) * [https://wikimedia.org.uk/2025/05/media-literacy-and-responding-to-emergencies-and-disinformation/ Wikimedia UK and the Royal Society host workshop on information literacy and future health emergencies] (SDG 3) ; Events * 16 June: [[w:en:Event:Wikimedia NYC and United Nations Wikipedia Edit-A-Thon|Wikimedia NYC and United Nations Wikipedia Edit-A-Thon]] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 09:37, 12 Jụn 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28771610 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #206 is out: Closing the consultation about the location of Abstract Content == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-06-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce the closing of the discussion about where to store abstract content, we remind you about our current discussions about types and our next [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:NLG_SIG|NLG SIG meeting]], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:56, 16 Jụn 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28860768 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #207 is out: Quarterly Planning for July–September 2025 == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-06-21|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we outline our priorities for the next quarter (July–September 2025), we give you some updates related to our new types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:38, 23 Jụn 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28860768 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #208 is out: How many people are needed to write an encyclopedia? == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-06-27|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share a short essay from Denny about writing an encyclopedia, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:38, 28 Jụn 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28860768 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - June 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty fourth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 5, and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 6 July: [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20250706|User group meeting]] ; Other news * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9I8Nr_UamtM Biodiversidade na Wiki] (in Portuguese) (SDG 15) * [https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ppp3.70050 The women honoured in flowering plant genera: From myth to reality] (SDG 5&15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/06/20/rethinking-wiki-engagement-in-medical-research-insights-from-a-residency-at-nihr/ Rethinking Wiki engagement in medical research: insights from a residency at NIHR] (SDG 3) ; Events * 24 July: [https://mdi.georgetown.edu/events/guwikieditathonsummer2025/ Editing for Equity: Closing the Wikipedia Gender Gap] (SDG 5) * 2 & 9 August: [https://events.humanitix.com/nz-species-editathon-wellington New Zealand Species Edit-a-thon] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 21:06, 1 Julaị 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28881683 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #209 is out: Coverage of 1298 == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-04|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share a short essay from Denny about how Wikipedias cover articles about years, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1751909400 July 7, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:39, 4 Julaị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28927185 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #210 is out: Length limits on labels and descriptions == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-10|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a measure to limit length of labels and descriptions, we show a video illustrating our work on front-end components, we share some news on new Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also we remind you that the next '''Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group meeting''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1752595200 July 15, at 16:00 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xzn-kqer-mah link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:46, 11 Julaị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28960872 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #211 is out: Wikidata-based enumerations are here == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a new kind of Type (Wikidata-based enumerations), we remind you of our current sprint in fixing labels and descriptions that are too long, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:16, 19 Julaị 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=28960872 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #212 is out: “Wikipedia is an encyclopedia”; Two years of Wikifunctions == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-26|the '''second anniversary update''']] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce our work on functions that generate sentences and fragments in several languages, we celebrate our second anniversary, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:33, 26 Julaị 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29016422 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - July 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty fifth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 5, 10, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * 6 July: User group meeting ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250706|minutes]]) * We are trying to establish better governance for the user group and [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Draft by-laws|have some inspiration]] on which your comments are requested. ; Other news * To promote sustainability and increase the visibility of the Sustainable Development Goals, the [[w:tr:Vikiproje:S%C3%BCrd%C3%BCr%C3%BClebilir_Kalk%C4%B1nma|"Sustainable Development Wikiproject" was launched on the Turkish Wikipedia]] * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/11/wiki-loves-butterfly-community-led-contributions-in-dzongu-valley-north-sikkim-india/ Wiki Loves Butterfly: Community-Led Contributions in Dzongu Valley, North Sikkim, India] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/12/gender-climate-and-sustainability-my-journey-with-the-awa-fellowship-2025/ Gender, Climate and Sustainability: My Journey with the AWA Fellowship 2025] (SDG 5 & 13) * [https://blog.tepapa.govt.nz/2025/07/14/the-power-and-potential-of-wikidata-for-botany/ The power and potential of Wikidata for botany] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/15/amplifying-inclusion-and-climate-justice-through-open-knowledge-my-journey-as-a-fellow-under-awa-fellowship-2025/ Amplifying Inclusion and Climate Justice Through Open Knowledge: My Journey as a Fellow under AWA Fellowship 2025] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/15/justice-through-open-knowledge-training-human-rights-advocate-to-document-human-rights-incident-with-wikipedia-and-wikimedia-commons/ Justice through Open Knowledge: Training Human Rights Advocate to Document Human Rights Incident with Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons] (SDG 10) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/16/wings-of-bengal-the-winners-of-wiki-loves-bangla-2025/ Wings of Bengal: The Winners of Wiki Loves Bangla 2025] (SDG 15) * [https://infomgnt.org/posts/2025-07-16-Connecting-Knowledge-with-Wikidata-a-practical-Project-with-the-Museum-fuer-Naturkunde-Berlin/ Connecting Knowledge with Wikidata: A Practical Project with the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/19/when-time-slows-down-documenting-butterflies-in-the-north-eastern-himalayas/ When Time Slows Down: Documenting Butterflies in the North Eastern Himalayas] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/23/wiki-loves-earth-celebrates-1000000-images-of-the-natural-heritage-worldwide/ Wiki Loves Earth celebrates 1,000,000 images of the natural heritage worldwide!] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/07/28/closing-content-gaps-highlights-from-my-july-as-an-awa-inclusion-and-climate-justice-fellow/ Closing Content Gaps: Highlights from my July as an AWA Inclusion and Climate Justice Fellow] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/01/thrilling-two-day-butterfly-expedition-in-central-odisha/ Thrilling Two-Day Butterfly Expedition in Central Odisha] (SDG 15) ; Events * 6-9 August: Wikimania is coming up, and you can easily [[wikimania:2025:Registration|join remotely]]. Find [[wikimania:2025:Program/SDG related sessions|all sessions related to the Sustainable Development Goals]]. This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 09:27, 2 Ọgọọst 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=28881683 --> == Question from [[User:Imborhope|Imborhope]] (16:31, 15 Ọgọọst 2025) == How do I write my perfect autobiography --[[Ojiarụ:Imborhope|Imborhope]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Imborhope|ṅkátá]]) 16:31, 15 Ọgọọst 2025 (UTC) :Writing an autobiography is not encouraged on Wikipedia. Learn more: [[en:Wikipedia:Autobiography|Wikipedia:Autobiography]]. If a person is notable, other editors will write a [[en:Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons|biography]] about the person. -- [[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Ṅkàtá ojiarụ:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 03:48, 16 Ọgọọst 2025 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #215 is out: Accessing Wikidata items now possible from embedded function calls; Wikifunctions available on 65 Wikitionaries == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce that it is now possible to access Wikidata items from embedded function calls, we also inform that Wikifunctions is now available on 60 more Wiktionaries, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:57, 29 Ọgọọst 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29173200 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - August 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty sixth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 21 September: [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|User Group Meeting]] ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/07/when-butterflies-took-over-a-classroom/ When Butterflies Took Over a Classroom] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/13/a-walk-with-butterflies-that-healed-the-heart/ A Walk with Butterflies That Healed the Heart] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/21/wikimania-2025-information-integrity-on-climate-change-on-wikimedia-projects/ Wikimania 2025: Information Integrity on Climate Change on Wikimedia projects] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/30/botanical-perspective-of-wikitutuwuhan-project/ Botanical Perspective of WikiTutuwuhan Project] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/08/30/past-present-and-future-a-wikimedian-in-residence-at-the-biodiversity-heritage-library/ Past, present and future: a Wikimedian-in-Residence at the Biodiversity Heritage Library] (SDG 15) * [[wikimania:2025:Program/SDG related sessions|All SDG related sessions at Wikimania]] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 20:24, 1 Septemba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29165157 --> == Next Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Volunteers’ Corner is tomorrow! == We remind you that our next '''Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Volunteers’ Corner''' will be '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1757352600 tomorrow, September 8, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Unless you have many questions, we will follow our usual agenda, giving updates on the upcoming plans and recent activities, having plenty of time and space for your questions, and building a Function together. See you at the Corner! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:39, 7 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29173200 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #216 is out: Copying function calls from one Wikipedia to another == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-07|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce that it is now possible to use natural languages as a default value in embedded function calls, we discuss the latest news in Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:04, 8 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29173200 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #217 is out: More than 3,000 functions on Wikifunctions == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-12|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we celebrate reaching the milestone of 3,000 functions on Wikifunctions, we discuss our upcoming commitments in outreach, we share with you our latest blogpost, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:21, 12 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29173200 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #218 is out: Wikifunctions available on 123 Wiktionary languages == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-19|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we update you on the recent Wikifunctions deployment on Wiktionaries, we introduce our new page for requesting cleanups, we update you on what's new on Types, we remind you of the upcoming meetings, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also we remind you that the next '''Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group meeting''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1758643200 September 23, at 16:00 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xzn-kqer-mah link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:26, 20 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29289969 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #219 is out: Accessing qualifiers in Wikidata statements == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-26|a new update]] for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce the possibility of calling also qualifiers from Wikidata, we update you on the recent deployments of Wikifunctions and on the Wikifunctions presentations at Wikimedia events, we give you the recent updates on Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:46, 26 Septemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29319712 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - September 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty seventh newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 7 and 13.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * User group meeting ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20250921|minutes]]) ; Other news * The OpenStreetMap community has an initiative called "[https://mapyourgrid.org/ MapYourGrid]" focused on energy infrastructure on Wikidata and Open Streetmap. (SDG 7) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/09/18/bridging-climate-science-and-the-public-how-the-austrian-climate-report-found-a-home-on-wikipedia/ Bridging Climate Science and the Public: How the Austrian Climate Report Found a Home on Wikipedia] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/09/27/microworld-a-wikimedia-fueled-microbial-exhibition-in-northern-argentina/ Microworld: a Wikimedia-fueled microbial exhibition in northern Argentina] (SDG 4) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/09/30/wiki-green-conference-2025/ Wiki-Green Conference 2025] This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 20:46, 1 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29165157 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #220 is out: Rich text now available in embedded function calls on 148 Wiktionaries and Incubator == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-10-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we update you on the latest functions and types you can create, we announce that functions are now available to call on 152 projects, we talk about our presentations at Wikimedia meetings, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1759771800 October 6, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:55, 4 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29367070 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #221 is out: Decision on location for abstract content and Quarterly Planning for October–December == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-10-08|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce our [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we discuss our plans and work for the upcoming quarter (October-December 2025), we report on the next events we'll be part of, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:47, 9 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29367070 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #222 is out: Kicking Off the Naming Contest for Abstract Wikipedia; Visualizing functions == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-10-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we kickstart our [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we present a beautiful representation of functions by a community member, we report on the next events we'll be part of, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:04, 15 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29444338 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #223 is out: Welcome Zaree and Laura! Naming contest round 1 kicked off == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-10-23|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we welcome two new additions to the team, we update you on our [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we report on the next events we'll be part of, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 21:10, 23 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29491948 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #224 is out: Round 1 of “abstract content wiki” naming vote ending Monday; An example of short descriptions == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-10-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we update you on our [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we announce our first experimentation with short descriptions on Wikidata, we talk about our presentations at the upcoming WikidataCon 2025, and we take a look at the latest Type and software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1762194600 November 3, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:48, 30 Ọktoba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29511879 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - October 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty eighth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 5, 10 and 13.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/01/ewe-language-activists-trained-to-translate-the-sustainable-development-goals-online/ Ewe Language Activists Trained to Translate the Sustainable Development Goals Online] * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/10/11/how-wikimedia-commons-is-making-microbiology-open-lessons-from-wikimedistas-de-jujuy-argentina/ How Wikimedia Commons is making microbiology open: lessons from Wikimedistas de Jujuy, Argentina] (SDG 4) * The [https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Faktamall_f%C3%B6retag&diff=58499099&oldid=57412306 Swedish Wikipedia company infobox now shows carbon emissions data] retreived from Wikidata for over 200 companies. (SDG 13) ; Events * 6 November–3 December: [[m:Event:Visible Wiki Women Campaign 2025|Visible Wiki Women Campaign 2025]] (SDG 5) * 11 November: [[m:Event:First steps in Wikidata for the Wikimedia LGBT Community|First steps in Wikidata for the Wikimedia LGBT Community]] (SDG 10) * 1–30 November: [[w:id:Wikipedia:Bulan_Asia_Wikipedia_2025|Bulan Asia Wikipedia 2025]] (SDG 10) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 16:47, 3 Novemba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29554723 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #225 is out: First round of voting for naming the wiki for abstract content closed; Calling for Wiktionary functions; Embedded Wikifunctions on Bengali Wikipedia and seven more Wiktionaries == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-11-05|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we update you on the closing of the first phase of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we introduce a possible implementation of Wikifunctions for Wiktionaries, we talk about our latest outreach events, and we take a look at the latest Type and software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:06, 6 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29511879 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #226 is out: Getting ready for second round of voting for naming the wiki with abstract content; Rewriting the backend: Why Rust? == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-11-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we summarise current discussion regarding the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we discuss how we are rewriting the backend, we ask for help in substituting a function, we suggest you the recordings of Wikifunctions-related sessions at the WikidataCon 2025, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also we remind you that the next '''Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group meeting''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1763481600 November 18, at 16:00 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xzn-kqer-mah link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:42, 13 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29511879 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #227 is out: Second round of voting for naming the wiki with language-independent content; Sharing function calls == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-11-20|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce the start of the second phase of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we share the results of the MacArthur Foundation's 100&Change contest, we share the recording of the last NLG SIG meeting, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:11, 21 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29511879 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #228 is out: Vote on the new wiki name! Finishing each other’s sentences == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-11-27|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we update you on our [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we discuss our progress on sentence creation with functions, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1762194600 December 1, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:38, 27 Novemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29511879 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - November 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our forty ninth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 5, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * 11 December: [[m:Event:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development user group meeting 20251211|User group call]] * As are ending the year and will be wrapping up on the [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2025|current annual plan]] we are doing a few sprints. If every member of the user group makes just one contribution, we will finish these easily and have a great resource for the entire community. Please check out these and see if you can help out: ** [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Video translation|Videos with translatable subtitles]] *** Help by identifying which videos need translation ** [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Charts coordination|Charts]] *** Help by identifying charts that should be used in SDG topics <br/> ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/11/09/wikimedia-project-from-south-america-selected-by-the-unesco-global-initiative-for-information-integrity-on-climate-change-fund/ Wikimedia Project from South America Selected by the UNESCO Global Initiative for Information Integrity on Climate Change Fund] (SDG 13) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/11/10/northern-argentine-wikimedians-recognized-in-regional-openstreetmap-contest/ Northern Argentine Wikimedians recognized in regional OpenStreetMap Contest] (SDG 15) * [https://www.aftonbladet.se/nyheter/a/LMyQBP/ny-ai-modell-svenska-foretags-utslapp-av-koldioxid Garbo gräver fram siffror på utsläpp av koldioxid] news in Swedish about carbon emissions data being added to the company infoboxes (SDG 13) * [https://wikimedia.at/der-klimabericht-und-die-wikipedia-teil-3-wissenschaftskommunikation/ Der Klimabericht und die Wikipedia Teil 3: Wissenschaftskommunikation] (SDG 13) ; Events * [[m:SheSaid|SheSaid campaign on Wikiquote]]. From 1 September until 31 December 2025. (SDG 5) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 14:39, 1 Disemba 2025 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29620767 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #229 is out: And the name is Abstract Wikipedia == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-12-04|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share the final results of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|naming contest for Abstract Wikipedia]], we share two demos about new Wikifunctions features, we talk about Wikidata components in Wikifunctions, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:02, 4 Disemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29735279 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #230 is out: How to write better error messages == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-12-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share an essay on how to write better error messages, on improving which we focused in the last months. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:01, 12 Disemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29735279 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #231 is out: We wish you a happy new Gregorian year! == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-12-18|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we showcase some templates using Wikifunctions functions on several projects, and we wrap up work for this Gregorian year, wishing you happy holidays. The updates will resume in the week of January 14, so if you feel like you want more, you can always read the previous updates in [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:01, 18 Disemba 2025 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29814552 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - December 2025 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fiftieth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 7, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> <!--Add content here --> ; User group news * User group call, 11 December ([[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Meeting minutes 20251211|minutes]]) ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/12/08/wikiforhumanrights-2025-documenting-ghanas-just-energy-transition-through-the-lens/ WikiForHumanRights 2025: Documenting Ghana’s Just Energy Transition Through the Lens] (SDG 7) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/November_2025/Contents/New_Zealand_report#Update_on_the_Bioeconomy_Science_Institute_Wikimedian_in_Residence|Update on the Bioeconomy Science Institute Wikimedian in Residence]] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/12/14/wikiforhumanrights-2025-campaign-in-ghana/ WikiForHumanRights 2025 campaign in Ghana] (SDG 7&13) * [https://wikimedia.org.uk/2025/12/topics-for-impact/ Topics for impact] by Wikimedia UK * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/12/22/project-gayatri-a-year-of-building-knowledge-closing-with-heart/ Project Gayatri: A Year of Building Knowledge, Closing with Heart] (SDG 13) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 21:24, 4 Jenụwarị 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29844481 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #232 is out: 25 years of Wikipedia == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-01-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In the first issue of 2026, we celebrate our incredible milestone of 25 years of Wikipedia and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:04, 16 Jenụwarị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29902635 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #233 is out: Quarterly plan for January–March 2026 == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-01-22|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share our work plans for the quarter that goes from January to March 2026, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:01, 22 Jenụwarị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29963119 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #234 is out: Integrating Abstract Wikipedia == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-01-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share our ideas about the integration of Abstract Wikipedia with the existing Wikimedia projects, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:51, 30 Jenụwarị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29963119 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - January 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty first newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * The [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Reports/2025|annual report for 2025]] was published. * [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Next meeting|Next user group meeting]] is 22 February. * The drafting of the [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Annual plan 2026|2026 annual plan]] is under way, please help. ; Other news * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/09/winning-images-of-the-special-category-human-rights-and-environment-from-wiki-loves-earth-2025%F0%9F%A4%9D/ Winning images of the special category “Human Rights and Environment” from Wiki Loves Earth 2025🤝] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 14:22, 4 Febụwarị 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29928029 --> == Next Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Volunteers' Corner will be on February 9 == Hi, we remind you that, if you have questions or ideas to discuss about Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia, you can participate to the next '''Volunteers' Corner''', that will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1770661800 February 9, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). We hope to see you there! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 06:23, 6 Febụwarị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29963119 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #235 is out: Finishing each other sentences: Starting things; Offsite in Istanbul == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-02-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share the results of our recent team offsite (meeting in person) in Istanbul, Türkiye, especially on creating sentence fragments in several languages. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:31, 13 Febụwarị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29963119 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #236 is out: A sneak preview of Abstract Wikipedia == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-02-20|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we share a sneak preview of how Abstract Wikipedia will look like and work, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:15, 20 Febụwarị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=29963119 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #237 is out: Graceful overrides and fallbacks == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-02-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss different patterns in articles about years on different Wikipedias, we present the video of the Wikifunctions presentation by Nicolas Vigneron at the last Celtic Knot, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1772476200 March 2, at 18:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:18, 27 Febụwarị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30119120 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - February 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty second newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 5, 10, 13, 15, 16 and 17.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * A proposal for a climate and sustainability meetup at Wikimania has been submitted. Keep your fingers crossed it gets accepted! ; Other news * [https://metabase.wikibase.cloud Metabase], a project to create a [[m:Movement Strategy/Initiatives/Knowledge Base|movement-wide knowledgebase for activities and initiatives]], now has the property [https://metabase.wikibase.cloud/wiki/Property:P109 relates to sustainable development goal, target or indicator] and all the Sustainable Development Goals, Targets and Indicators. This makes it possible to make sure that your projects and initiative that supports these are marked as doing so and also find previous efforts related to them. * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/11/wiki-for-botanists-why-thematic-engagement-matters/ Wiki for Botanists: Why thematic engagement matters] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/15/influence-of-seasonal-and-eco-climatic-factors-on-butterfly-diversity-insights-from-wiki-loves-butterfly/ Influence of Seasonal and Eco-climatic Factors on Butterfly Diversity: Insights from Wiki Loves Butterfly] (SDG 15) * [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/02/15/african-women-in-climate-action-a-continued-editing-journey-through-the-edither-africa-contest-2026/ African Women in Climate Action: A Continued Editing Journey through the EditHer Africa Contest 2026] (SDG 5 & 13) ; Events * March is Women's History Month and also has the Internaltional Women's day, so there are plenty of related events. Check out [[m:Special:AllEvents|Special:AllEvents]] to find some near you. (SDG 5) * [[m:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026]] (SDG 16) * [[d:Wikidata:WikiProject_India/Events/International_Mother_Language_Day_2026_Datathon|International Mother Language Day 2026 Datathon]] (SDG 4, 10 &17) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 12:13, 2 Maachị 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=29928029 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #238 is out: Citations and Copy and Paste == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-06|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce the possibility of creating a function that deals with references and a Wikifunctions internal clipboard, where you can temporarily store any piece of code in order to paste it somewhere else, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 17:28, 6 Maachị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30119120 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #239 is out: A new composition language == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we talk about the revamp of the composition language on Wikifunctions, with its potential for further improvements. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:19, 12 Maachị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30229736 --> == Question from [[User:SamKel123|SamKel123]] (00:44, 19 Maachị 2026) == Hi, Olugold. I stopped Wiking a long time now. I want to get back, as a rewarding hubby. I need your help and push. --[[Ojiarụ:SamKel123|SamKel123]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:SamKel123|ṅkátá]]) 00:44, 19 Maachị 2026 (UTC) :Hi @[[Ojiarụ:SamKel123|SamKel123]], :How can I help you? Have you joined the Igbo Wikimedia community Whatsapp group? There are several Wiki activities organized by the [[m:Igbo Wikimedians User Group|Igbo Wikimedians User Group]] that will help you. -- [[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 07:17, 19 Maachị 2026 (UTC) ::Okay. I will join immediately. Thank you so much. [[Ojiarụ:SamKel123|SamKel123]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:SamKel123|ṅkátá]]) 08:37, 19 Maachị 2026 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #240 is out: Abstract Wikipedia is now in Beta == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we celebrate the launch of the [https://abstract.wikipedia.org/ preliminary Beta version of Abstract Wikipedia], and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 18:23, 19 Maachị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30229736 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #241 is out: First few days of Abstract Wikipedia Beta; Status of Composition Language v2 == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the first early edits on [https://abstract.wikipedia.org/ Abstract Wikipedia], we share the status of Composition Language v2, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 16:48, 26 Maachị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30289284 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - March 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty third newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; User group news * There is now a [[c:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|user box template on Wikimedia Commons]] that you can use to show that you are participant of the user group. There were already user boxes on [[m:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|Meta]], [[d:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|Wikidata]], [[w:en:Template:User Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|English]] and [[w:sv:Mall:Användare Wikimedians for Sustainable Development|Swedish]] Wikipedia. If your home wiki uses user boxes but lacks one, feel free to copy any of these to it. ; Other news * [https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2026/03/02/the-winners-of-wiki-loves-earth-2025/ “Cinematic intensity”: The winners of Wiki Loves Earth 2025] (SDG 15) * [https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-00940-y Scientists should join collaborative online editing communities for biodiversity] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 11:26, 1 Eprel 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30155800 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #242 is out: Request for Discussion: Syntactic tables == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-04-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce a proposal for Natural Language Generation, we introduce a page for function suggestions from Abstract Wikipedia, we inform you that there will be a presentation about Abstract Wikipedia at WikiCon Australia, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1776101400 April 13, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:37, 3 Eprel 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30325620 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #243 is out: Community proposals for capturing meaning == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-04-10|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we report on three community proposals on syntactic approaches, we introduce a new Type (Complex numbers), we report on current hiccups on Abstract Wikipedia, we share more information about a presentation about Abstract Wikipedia at WikiCon Australia, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1776101400 April 13, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:35, 10 Eprel 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30325620 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #244 is out: Milestones; Some major issues hopefully resolved == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-04-16|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we celebrate 4000 functions on Wikifunctions and 1000 abstract articles on Abstract Wikipedia, we announce that we should have fixed some major issues with the websites, we inform you on our latest outreach activities, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:22, 17 Eprel 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30325620 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #245 is out: The Foundation's search for the perfect language == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-04-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present an academic paper about Abstract Wikipedia, we discuss our latest Type created, and we take a look at the newest created functions. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:54, 25 Eprel 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30325620 --> == You may be an eligible candidate for the U4C election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Greetings, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] seeks candidates for the 2026 election. The U4C is the global committee responsible for overseeing enforcement of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|Universal Code of Conduct]]. Elections are held annually, if elected a committee member serves for two years. This year the U4C requires candidates to hold administrator rights on at least one wiki, which is why you are being contacted as you appear to hold this right. There are other requirements, such as candidates must be at least 18 years old and may not be employed by the Wikimedia Foundation or other related chapters and affiliates. You can find more information in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026#Call_for_Candidates|call for candidates on Meta-wiki]]. Additionally, the committee's working language is English; some ability to communicate in English is required. The election opens on 18 May, if you are eligible and interested you have until 10 May to submit your candidacy. There will week between for candidates to answer questions from the community. Voting takes place privately in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/SecurePoll|SecurePoll]], successful candidates must receive at least 60% support. More information is available on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|the 2026 Elections page]], including timelines and other candidacy information. If you read over the material and consider yourself qualified, please consider submitting your name to run for the committee. If you think someone else in your community might be interested and qualified, please encourage them to run. In partnership with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 18:33, 28 Eprel 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Keegan_(WMF)/test&oldid=30471754 --> :Thanks and duly noted. @[[Ojiarụ:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] -- [[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 06:45, 29 Eprel 2026 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #246 is out: Request for input: what should we count for Abstract Wikipedia == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-05-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we ask you what would be the relevant metrics for Abstract Wikipedia, we discuss our latest news on Composition Language v2, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:21, 2 Mee 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30325620 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - April 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty fourth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 2, 5, 6, 7, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/04/15/from-lens-to-knowledge-citizen-science-through-wiki-loves-butterfly/|From Lens to Knowledge: Citizen Science through Wiki Loves Butterfly]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Wikidata type specimen data model]] (SDG 15) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/March 2026/Contents/Macedonia report|Edit-a-thon "Women Botanists" and “Plants Around Us: Veles” workshop]] (SDG 5 & 15) ; Events * Ongoing: [[w:en:Wikipedia:100 Days 100 Edits|100 Days 100 Edits]] (SDG 13) * Ongoing: [[m:Wiki for Sustainable Futures 2026|Wiki for Sustainable Futures 2026]] (SDG 2, 6 & 7) * May 9-10: [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Projekt naturgeografi/Fotosafari: Fåglar i Skåne 2026|Bird photography trip]] in south Sweden (SDG 15) * May 30: [[w:sv:Wikipedia:Skrivstuga/Biologisk mångfald|Editathon about biodiversity]] in Stockholm (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 12:47, 6 Mee 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30472224 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #247 is out: References from Wikidata now available == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-05-08|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we announce that is now possible to pass references in Wikidata statements, we introduce the [https://abstract-data.toolforge.org/ Abstract Data dashboard], we report you on the presentation about Abstract Wikipedia at WikiCon Australia, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1778520600 May 11, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:16, 8 Mee 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30325620 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #248 is out: A higher meaning == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-05-15|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss functions creating language fragments, we present our latest news in Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:36, 15 Mee 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30536976 --> == Question from [[User:Chizoba Amanambu|Chizoba Amanambu]] (14:26, 20 Mee 2026) == Hello, Please how does the editing role work? How are roles assigned to people on Wikimedia? Do I have to wait to follow a project or I can find one and start myself on the site? Is there a criteria to get started as well. --[[Ojiarụ:Chizoba Amanambu|Chizoba Amanambu]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Chizoba Amanambu|ṅkátá]]) 14:26, 20 Mee 2026 (UTC) :hello @[[Ojiarụ:Chizoba Amanambu|Chizoba Amanambu]]. You can choose to start editing Wiki projects such as Wikipedia, Wikiquote, Wiki commons, etc you can edit by adding more details, translating, or creating new articles. You can join communities to learn more during campaigns, events, etc. There are lot of communities like, language, regional, women, etc. You can participate in any of these communities. See [[m:Igbo Wikimedians User Group|Igbo Wikimedians User Group]], it's a language community. -- [[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 15:30, 20 Mee 2026 (UTC) == Question from [[User:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] (23:17, 22 Mee 2026) == Hi Olugold, My name is Goodmaraj, and I'm a Wikipedia user. I really enjoy editing and creating pages. I started over two years ago and have made more than 3,000 edits. I always run into the problem of seeing pages that don’t meet Wikipedia’s standards—pages promoting certain topics or featuring unknown people—and I can’t delete them. At first, I would ask administrators to delete them, but they usually take a long time to respond. That’s why I need this permission to delete articles directly—it will help me a lot and make my work much faster. Thank you --[[Ojiarụ:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Goodymaraj|ṅkátá]]) 23:17, 22 Mee 2026 (UTC) :Hi @[[Ojiarụ:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]]! Thank you for all you do. I see that you have 2 accounts Goodymaraj and [[user:Goodymeraj|Goodymeraj]], kindly choose a preferred account and continue contributing with the preferred account to avoid blocks. :Your account Goodymeraj has being added to the auto patroller group. What this means is that, while logged in to the account on Igbo Wikipedia, you can: :*Go through newly created pages and mark them patrolled :*Tag pages for deletion :*Suggest deletion :*Report problematic pages. :You can ping user:King ChristLike as one of the active admins on the Igbo Wikipedia, to go through and delete the tagged pages. Thank you. -- [[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 06:00, 23 Mee 2026 (UTC) ::Hi @[[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]], this user is totally different from [[User:Goodymeraj]] whom you just granted the autopatroller rights. ::Secondly, while @[[Ojiarụ:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] has made some meaningful edits here, they're still not a native Igbo speaker or have a good understanding of the Igbo language, so their edits or page creations would still need to be patrolled to ensure accuracy and quality. Granting the autopatroller rights may not be advisable for now. I've had an off-wiki conversation with them about this. They can always tag or request for admins to delete non-notable articles. Every other request should follow through the normal process. [[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:King ChristLike|ṅkátá]]) 13:48, 23 Mee 2026 (UTC) ::Good morning ma @[[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]]. Please, @[[Ojiarụ:Goodymaraj|Goodymaraj]] is an entirely different user from me @[[Ojiarụ:Goodymeraj|Goodymeraj]]. Thank you also for the rights granted me. I appreciate. It will go a very long way for me. [[Ojiarụ:Goodymeraj|Goodymeraj]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Goodymeraj|ṅkátá]]) 04:21, 25 Mee 2026 (UTC) :::@[[Ojiarụ:King ChristLike|King ChristLike]] and @[[Ojiarụ:Goodymeraj|Goodymeraj]] thanks for the clarification. :::Goodymeraj showed interest in carrying out administrative task in the past, so when I saw this message, I honestly thought it was Goodymeraj. With the patrol right, he needs to tag admins to delete unwanted articles. In addition, he has a good understanding of the written and spoken Igbo language. :::Moving forward, nke a bụ Wikipedia Igbo, anyị kwesịrị iji asụsụ Igbo na-ekwurịta okwu ebe a. [[Ojiarụ:Olugold|Olugold]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:Olugold|ṅkátá]]) 06:51, 25 Mee 2026 (UTC) == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #249 is out: Annual plan 2026-2027 == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-05-23|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present you the current draft of objectives for Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia in the WMF Annual Plan 2026-2027, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:48, 25 Mee 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30536976 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #250 is out: Looking back and forward == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-05-30|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present you a recollection of our work so far, now that we celebrate our 250th newsletter, we share with you a summary of our latest outreach activities, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:04, 1 Jụn 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30606821 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - May 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty fifth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 2, 6, 7, 13 and 15.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/05/19/wikimedia-projects-and-the-climate-crisis-how-wiki-for-sustainable-futures-2026-is-being-built/|Wikimedia Projects and the Climate Crisis: How Wiki for Sustainable Futures 2026 Is Being BuiltWikimedia Projects and the Climate Crisis: How Wiki for Sustainable Futures 2026 Is Being Built]] (SDG 2 & 6 & 7 & 13) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2026/05/21/earth-day-every-day-preserving-biodiversity-on-wikipedia/ Earth Day, Every Day: Preserving Biodiversity on Wikipedia] (SDG 15) *[[diffblog:ar/2026/05/29/%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%82%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a6%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-2026-%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a9/|Launch of the Arabic Environmental Contest 2026: an ambitious initiative to enrich environmental content]] (SDG 2 & 6 & 7) * [https://wikimedia.org.au/wiki/From_the_field_to_the_free_web From the field to the free web] (SDG 15) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 17:47, 1 Jụn 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30606764 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #251 is out: The illustrated encyclopaedia == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-06-05|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce our first function to import images on Abstract Wikipedia, we present our Functions of the Week, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780939800 June 8, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:14, 5 Jụn 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30606821 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #252 is out: Improved loading and display of Test results == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-06-12|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present you an improvement in loading and display of Test results, we talk about our next events, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that Denny will lead a discussion on the [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-05-15#News in Types: way forward for natural language generation types|new NLG types]] in the next '''Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group meeting''', that will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1781625600 June 16, at 16:00 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xzn-kqer-mah link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:29, 12 Jụn 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30606821 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #253 is out: The or not the, this is (the?) question == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-06-19|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we present you a delicate question regarding grammatical framework, we talk about our next events and about the results of our latest online meetings, we discuss news about Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:34, 19 Jụn 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30701693 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #254: Working on Functions, together == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-06-26|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we report on new collaborative patterns emerging in our community, we discuss news in Types, we share some events that relate to Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia at Wikimania 2026, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1783359000 July 6, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:58, 27 Jụn 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30724999 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #255: Integration on test wiki and annual plan == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-07-01|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss integration of Abstract Wikipedia in Test Wiki and our objectives for the new Wikimedia Foundation Fiscal Year, we remind you of the Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia events at Wikimania 2026, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1783359000 July 6, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 08:22, 2 Julaị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30755600 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - June 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty sixth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 4, 5 and 10.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; In the news * [[diffblog:2026/06/08/reading-wikipedia-in-the-classroom-in-wa-ghana-empowering-educators-with-media-and-information-literacy-skills/|Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom in Wa, Ghana: Empowering Educators with Media and Information Literacy Skills]] (SDG 4) * [[diffblog:2026/06/12/amplifying-womens-stories-and-indigenous-knowledge-feminism-and-folklore-2026-in-the-igbo-community/|Amplifying Women’s Stories and Indigenous Knowledge: Feminism and Folklore 2026 in the Igbo Community]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/13/artfeminism-network-organizers-at-eseap-conference-2026/|Art+Feminism Network Organizers at ESEAP Conference 2026]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/14/a-reflection-on-what-i-learned-at-my-first-international-womens-day-celebration/|A Reflection on What I Learned at My First International Women’s Day Celebration]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/16/from-mentee-to-builder-my-six-months-in-the-eduwiki-hub-mentorship-program/|From Mentee to Builder: My Six Months in the EduWiki Hub Mentorship Program]] (SDG 4) * [[diffblog:2026/06/16/building-skills-and-confidence-during-my-three-month-journey-through-the-on-wiki-skill-program-organized-by-africa-wiki-women/|Building Skills and Confidence During My Three-Month Journey Through the On Wiki Skill Program Organized by Africa Wiki Women]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/17/why-the-eduwiki-starter-kit-matters-for-the-future-of-education/|Why the EduWiki Starter Kit Matters for the Future of Education]] (SDG 4) * [[diffblog:2026/06/17/empowering-new-editors-to-bridge-the-gender-gap-my-experience-as-a-mentor-in-the-edither-africa-april-2026-contest/|Empowering New Editors to Bridge the Gender Gap: My Experience as a Mentor in the EditHer Africa April 2026 Contest]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/18/visible-women-edit-a-thon-piloting-a-collaborative-approach-to-free-knowledge-in-hong-kong/|Visible Women Edit-a-thon: Piloting a Collaborative Approach to Free Knowledge in Hong Kong]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/23/guiding-new-voices-training-women-in-wikidata-during-the-april-edither-africa-contest/|Guiding New Voices: Training Women in Wikidata during the April EditHer Africa Contest]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/06/23/wikimedia-community-usergroup-botswana-in-collaboration-with-art-and-feminism-on-wikidata-mobile-training-2026/|Wikimedia Community Usergroup Botswana in collaboration with Art and Feminism on Wikidata Mobile Training 2026]] (SDG 5) ; Events * 10-18 July: [[m:Event:Wikiwomen Camp 2026|Wikiwomen Camp 2026]] (SDG 5) * 14 July [[w:de:Veranstaltung:Queers & Frauen 14.07.2026|Queers & Frauen]] (SDG 5 & 10) * 21-25 July: Wikimania is coming up and there are plenty of sessions related to sustainable development. There is now a dedicated page for those sessions at [[wikimania:2026:Program/SDG related sessions]]. * 23 July: [[m:Event:From Constitution to Community — Documenting Queer Rights Movements|From Constitution to Community — Documenting Queer Rights Movements]] (SDG 10) * 14 July [[w:de:Veranstaltung:Queers & Frauen 28.07.2026|Queers & Frauen]] (SDG 5 & 10) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 19:20, 3 Julaị 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30633243 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #256: Moving toward our first Abstract Wikipedia integration milestone == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-07-08|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss further our objectives for the new Wikimedia Foundation Fiscal Year, we show the latest community tool, we remind you of the Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia events at Wikimania 2026, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:43, 9 Julaị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30755600 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #257: Beyond syntactic tables == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-07-16|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss syntactic tables and news in Types, we show some community blogposts and tools, we remind you of the Wikifunctions and Abstract Wikipedia events at Wikimania 2026, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! We also remind you that in the next weeks these newsletter reminders will be paused, and that they will resume in mid-August. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 10:55, 17 Julaị 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30755600 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #258: Abstract Wikipedia at Wikimania == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-07-29|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss the presentations and workshops at Wikimania, including a features feedback request based on what we heard there, and highlight new features shipped this week including diffs for Wikifunctions. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! [[m:user:Quiddity (WMF)|Quiddity (WMF)]] 19:05, 30 Julaị 2026 (UTC) </div> (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30870212 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - July 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty seventh newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 5, 6, 15 and 16.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/07/04/photowalk-at-the-purbachal-reserve-forest/|Photowalk at the Purbachal Reserve Forest]] (SDG 15) * [[diffblog:2026/07/13/welcoming-women-into-wikimedia-tech-a-guide-based-on-lived-experiences/|Welcoming Women+ into Wikimedia Tech: A Guide Based on Lived Experiences]] (SDG 5) * [[diffblog:2026/07/14/empowering-youth-through-knowledge-wikipedia-for-freedom-of-elections-in-armenia/|Empowering Youth Through Knowledge: “Wikipedia for Freedom of Elections” in Armenia]] (SDG 16) * [[diffblog:2026/07/19/water-for-life-knowledge-for-all-how-wikiverse-botswana-is-showcasing-africas-water-story-through-the-africa-wiki-challenge-2026/|Water for Life, Knowledge for All: How WikiVerse Botswana is Showcasing Africa’s Water Story Through the Africa Wiki Challenge 2026]] (SDG 6) * Wikimania: There were so many sessions and posters related to the SDGs, they can't all be listed here. But on [[wikimania:2026:Program/SDG related sessions|this Wikimania page]] you can find them all and the session pages have links to the recordings. This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 08:56, 4 Ọgọọst 2026 (UTC)• [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30853204 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #259: Congratulations Jules*. An apple is a fruit == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-08-05|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we congratulate Wikimedian of the Year and we discuss his favourite article in relation to Abstract Wikipedia, we introduce a new Type of function on Wikifunctions, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! We also remind you that in the next weeks these newsletter reminders will be paused, and that they will resume in mid-August. Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:19, 10 Ọgọọst 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30870212 --> == Invitation to try the Starter Kit Tool == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> Greetings! As one of the active editors on this Wikipedia, you're invited by the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development Language Onboarding and Development] initiative to learn about the Starter Kit, try it out, and join a virtual meeting where you can ask questions about the tool.<br> '''What the tool does'''<br> The Starter Kit helps small or new Wikipedia contributors complete essential tasks, like importing infoboxes, tracking your wiki's growth and health metrics, and connecting with members of the broader Wikimedia community for technical guidance. Some features require certain user rights, but three of the six tasks are open to any autoconfirmed editor, so most active editors can get started right away. '''Here's what we would like you to do:''' * Read the manual for more detail on the tool and the tasks you can perform: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit * Access the Starter Kit tool: https://starterkit.toolforge.org/ and log in with your Wikimedia account to try it out. * Sign up for one of three virtual meetings: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Office_hours, where you can: ** Learn more about the tool. ** Ask questions and share your thoughts. Thank you so much for using the tool, and we look forward to your attending the virtual meeting. Best regards, </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> 21:17, 11 Ọgọọst 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox/Invitation_to_try_the_Starter_Kit_Tool_message_list&oldid=30913073 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #260: Shoutout to User:99of9 == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-08-13|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we congratulate our own User:99of9 for his extensive work with the Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia communities, we discuss what happened at Wikimania, we introduce a document for interested communities to join Abstract Wikipedia, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:55, 13 Ọgọọst 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30870212 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #261: Mayors and the North == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-08-20|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we have an essay from Denny about accidental gaps in languages, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:41, 21 Ọgọọst 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30928401 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #262: Wikifunctions Object Reference == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-08-28|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we discuss a new Type implemented after a community request, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:31, 28 Ọgọọst 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30951652 --> == Reminder: Starter Kit Virtual Meeting == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> Greetings! This is a friendly reminder to attend the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit Starter Kit] virtual meeting. Date and time: '''Today, Saturday, August 29th, 2026, 01:00–02:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1787965200 check your local time here]) This is a casual session where you can learn more about the Starter Kit tool, ask any questions, and share your thoughts; no need to have tried the tool beforehand. If you haven't signed up yet, you can do so here: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Session_2:_Saturday_29_August_2026,_01:00_UTC See you soon! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> 13:30, 28 Ọgọọst 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox/Invitation_to_try_the_Starter_Kit_Tool_message_list&oldid=30913073 --> == Reminder: Starter Kit virtual meeting == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> Greetings! This is a friendly reminder to attend the third [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit Starter Kit] virtual meeting. Date and time: '''Saturday, September 5th, 2026, 05:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1787965200 check your local time here]) Video call link: https://meet.google.com/eov-gbgn-rew This is a casual session where you can learn more about the Starter Kit tool, ask any questions, and share your thoughts; no need to have tried the tool beforehand. If you haven't signed up yet, you can do so here: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Language_Onboarding_and_Development/Starter_kit/Office_hours#Session_3:_Saturday_5_September_2026,_05:00_UTC See you soon! </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]</bdi> 23:44, 3 Septemba 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:UOzurumba_(WMF)/sandbox/Invitation_to_try_the_Starter_Kit_Tool_message_list&oldid=30913073 --> == Wikimedians for Sustainable Development - August 2026 Newsletter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is our fifty eighth newsletter. This issue has news related to SDG 3, 4, 10, 11, 13 and 14.<div style="column-count:2; column-width: 400px;"> ; News * [[diffblog:2026/08/12/wiki-loves-fish-bringing-coastal-biodiversity-to-the-world-through-open-knowledge/|Wiki Loves Fish: Bringing Coastal Biodiversity to the World Through Open Knowledge]] (SDG 14) * [https://wikiedu.org/blog/2026/08/19/making-rare-disease-knowledge-a-little-more-common-on-wikipedia/ Making rare disease knowledge a little more common on Wikipedia] (SDG 3) * [[diffblog:2026/08/26/the-pre-conference-on-information-integrity-in-climate-change-at-wikimania/|The Pre-Conference on Information Integrity in Climate Change at Wikimania]] (SDG 13) * [[diffblog:2026/08/29/beyond-wikipedia-a-technical-workshop-introducing-moroccan-teachers-to-wikidata-and-the-wikimedia-technical-ecosystem/|Beyond Wikipedia: A Technical Workshop Introducing Moroccan Teachers to Wikidata and the Wikimedia Technical Ecosystem]] (SDG&nbsp;4) * [[diffblog:2026/08/29/wiki-for-human-rights-nigeria-write-for-rights-and-july-virtual-session/|Wiki for Human Rights Nigeria: Write for Rights and July Virtual Session]] (SDG 10) ; Events * Ongoing: [[c:Commons:Wiki Loves Monuments 2026|Wiki Loves Monuments]] (SDG 11) This message was sent with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_message_delivery|Global message delivery]] by <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Ainali|Ainali]] ([[m:User talk:Ainali|talk]])</bdi> 08:21, 4 Septemba 2026 (UTC) • [[m:Wikimedians for Sustainable Development/Newsletter|Contribute]] • [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Wikimedians for Sustainable Development newsletter|Manage subscription]] </div> </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Ainali@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedians_for_Sustainable_Development_newsletter&oldid=30910094 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #263: 5,000 Functions, passing Z40000 == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-09-03|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we mark the 5,000th function on Wikifunction, we explore a new Type for functions, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Also, we remind you that if you have questions or ideas to discuss, the next '''Volunteers' Corner''' will be held on '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1788802200 September 7, at 17:30 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xuy-njxh-rkw link to the meeting]). Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:00, 4 Septemba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30951652 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #264: Your code can now call back to the Wikidata fetch functions == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-09-10|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we introduce the possibility of calling Wikidata fetch functions, we present a new Type, we celebrate more than 200 new functions this week, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:13, 11 Septemba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30951652 --> == The next Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group meeting is tomorrow! == Hi all! A quick message to inform you that Denny will lead a quick first introduction to syntactic phrase functions in the next '''Natural Language Generation Special Interest Group meeting''', that will be held tomorrow, '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1789488000 September 15, at 16:00 UTC]''' ([https://meet.google.com/xzn-kqer-mah link to the meeting]). See you at the meeting! In case you can't join, the meeting will be recorded and made available on Commons. -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:27, 14 Septemba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30951652 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #265: More engaging error messages == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-09-18|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we explain how we reworked error messaging, we talk about our recent and upcoming meetings, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 12:59, 18 Septemba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30951652 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #266: Memoization arriving == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-09-25|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we talk about storing a function call's result in a cache for easier recalling, we analyse how quickly one particular fact propagates through different Wikipedia language editions, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:54, 28 Septemba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=30951652 --> == Wikifunctions & Abstract Wikipedia Newsletter #267: Refreshing results == There is [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-10-02|a new update]] for Abstract Wikipedia and Wikifunctions. Please, come and read it! In this issue, we talk about two new capabilities addressing the issues of caching and freshness of function call results, we introduce our groundwork to support the first pilot communities for Abstract Wikipedia, we discuss news in Types, and we take a look at the latest software developments. Want to catch up with the previous updates? Check [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates|our archive]]! Enjoy the reading! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 09:31, 2 Ọktoba 2026 (UTC) (This message was sent to [[:Ojiarụ:Olugold]] and is being posted here due to a redirect.) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikifunctions_%26_Abstract_Wikipedia&oldid=31099195 --> 02flqwrqmplve5199nmk2unj6xsd44n 0 12567 729902 205389 2026-10-01T21:41:30Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729902 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[Category:Biography with signature]] [[Category:Articles with hCards]] [[Usòrò:Ada Byron daguerreotype by Antoine Claudet 1843 or 1850 - cropped.png|thumb|Ada Lovelace]] '''Augusta Ada King, Countess of Lovelace''' ( ''née'' '''Byron''' ; 10 Disemba 1815&nbsp;– 27 Nọvemba 1852) bụ ọkà mmụta mgbakọ na mwepụ na onye odee Bekee, onye amara ama maka ọrụ ya na [[Orunotu|kọmpụta]] Charles Babbage tụrụ aro maka ebumnuche izugbe, Injin Analytical . Ọ bụ ya bụ onye mbụ ghọtara na igwe ahụ nwere ngwa karịrị ngụkọ dị ọcha, yana bipụtala algọridim mbụ ezubere ka igwe dị otú ahụ rụọ ya. N'ihi ya, a na-ewerekarị ya dị ka onye mbụ na- eme ihe omume kọmputa . [2] <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Phillips|first=Ana Lena|date=November–December 2011|title=Crowdsourcing Gender Equity: Ada Lovelace Day, and its companion website, aims to raise the profile of women in science and technology|url=https://www.americanscientist.org/article/crowdsourcing-gender-equity|journal=American Scientist|volume=99|issue=6|doi=10.1511/2011.93.463|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141158/https://www.americanscientist.org/article/crowdsourcing-gender-equity|archive-date=2018-06-12|access-date=2022-03-31|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="Lovelace Google">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/dec/10/ada-lovelace-honoured-google-doodle|title=Ada Lovelace honoured by Google doodle|date=10 December 2012|work=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=10 December 2012}}</ref> Ada Byron bụ naanị nwa nke onye na-ede uri Lord Byron na onye na-agụ mgbakọ na mwepụ bụ Lady Byron . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biography.com/people/ada-lovelace-20825323|title=Ada Lovelace Biography|work=biography.com}}</ref> Ụmụ ndị ọzọ nile nke Byron mụrụ n’alụghị di nye ndị inyom ndị ọzọ. Byron kewapụrụ nwunye ya otu ọnwa ka amuchara Ada wee hapụ England ruo mgbe ebighị ebi. Ọnwa anọ ka e mesịrị, o chetara nkewa ahụ n'abụ nke malitere, "Ihu gị ọ̀ dị ka nwa m mara mma nke nne gị! ADA! naanị ada nke ụlọ na obi m? . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bartleby.com/205/20.html|title=Last leaving England. I. Personal, Lyric, and Elegiac. Lord Byron. 1881. Poetry of Byron|work=bartleby.com|accessdate=31 January 2018}}</ref> Ọ nwụrụ na [[Greece|Gris]] mgbe Ada dị afọ asatọ. Nne ya nọgidere na-enwe ilu ma kwalite mmasị Ada na mgbakọ na mwepụ na mgbagha na mbọ iji gbochie ya ịzụlite nna ya chere na ara ara . N'agbanyeghị nke a, Ada nọgidere na-enwe mmasị na ya, na-akpọ ụmụ ya nwoke abụọ Byron na Gordon. Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, e liri ya n'akụkụ ya mgbe ọ rịọrọ. N'agbanyeghị na Ada na-arịakarị ọrịa n'oge ọ bụ nwata, ọ gbasiri mbọ ike na-agụ akwụkwọ. Ọ lụrụ William King na 1835. Emere Eze Earl of Lovelace na 1838, Ada wee bụrụ Countess of Lovelace. Omume mmụta ya na nke ọha mmadụ mere ka ya na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị dị ka Andrew Crosse, Charles Babbage, Sir David Brewster, Charles Wheatstone, Michael Faraday na onye edemede Charles Dickens, kọntaktị nke ọ na-eji mee ka agụmakwụkwọ ya dịkwuo elu. Ada kọwara ụzọ ya dị ka "sayensị uri" [8] na onwe ya dị ka "Analyst (& Metaphysician)". [9] Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma (18), nkà mgbakọ na mwepụ ya mere ka ọ nwee mmekọrịta ogologo oge na ọbụbụenyi ya na onye mgbakọ na mwepụ Britain ibe Charles Babbage, onye a maara dị ka "nna nke kọmputa". O nwere mmasị karịsịa na ọrụ Babbage na Injin Analytical. Lovelace zutere ya na June 1833 site n'aka enyi ha, na onye nkuzi onwe ya, Mary Somerville . N'agbata afọ 1842 na 1843, Ada tụgharịrị otu akụkọ sitere n'aka onye injinia ndị agha [[Italy|Ịtali]] bụ Luigi Menabrea gbasara Injin Analytical, na-agbakwunye ya na ndetu sara mbara, nke a na-akpọ naanị "Ihe ndetu". Ihe ndetu Lovelace dị mkpa na mmalite akụkọ ihe mere eme nke kọmpụta, nke nwere ihe ọtụtụ ndị na-ewere dị ka mmemme kọmputa mbụ — ya bụ, algọridim emebere ka igwe rụọ ya. Ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme ndị ọzọ jụrụ echiche a wee rụtụ aka na ndetu nke Babbage sitere na afọ 1836/1837 nwere mmemme izizi maka injin. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ventana al Conocimiento|url=https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/en/ada-lovelace-original-and-visionary-but-no-programmer/|title=Ada Lovelace: Original and Visionary, but No Programmer|date=9 December 2015}}</ref> Ọ zụlitekwara ọhụụ nke ikike kọmputa nwere ịgabiga naanị ịgbakọ ma ọ bụ ịgbakọ ọnụ ọgụgụ, ebe ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ, gụnyere Babbage n'onwe ya, lekwasịrị anya naanị na ikike ndị ahụ. [11] Echiche ya nke "sayensị uri" mere ka ọ jụọ ajụjụ gbasara Engine Analytical (dị ka egosiri na ndetu ya) na-enyocha otú ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na ọha mmadụ si ejikọta nkà na ụzụ dịka ngwá ọrụ na-emekọ ihe ọnụ. == Akụkọ ndụ == === Oge nwata === Lord Byron tụrụ anya na nwa ya ga-abụ "nwoke dị ebube" ma nwee mmechuihu mgbe Lady Byron mụrụ nwa nwanyị. [12] Akpọrọ nwa ahụ aha nwanne nwanyị ọkara nke Byron, Augusta Leigh, nke Byron n'onwe ya kpọrọ ya "Ada". [13] Na 16 Jenụwarị 1816, na iwu Lord Byron, Lady Byron hapụrụ maka ụlọ nne na nna ya na Kirkby Mallory, kpọrọ nwa ha nwanyị dị izu ise. [12] Ọ bụ ezie na iwu Bekee n'oge ahụ nyere nna nna ya ikike zuru oke n'ihe gbasara nkewa, Lord Byron emeghị mgbalị ọ bụla iji nweta ikike nne na nna ya, [14] ma ọ rịọrọ ka nwanne ya nwanyị mee ka ọ mara banyere ọdịmma Ada. [15] [[Usòrò:Miniature_of_Ada_Byron.jpg|alt=Ada Byron, portrait at age four|thumb| Ada Byron, dị afọ anọ]] Na 21 Eprel, Lord Byron bịanyere aka na akwụkwọ nkewa nkewa, ọ bụ ezie na ọ naghị enwe mmasị, wee hapụ England ka ọ dị mma ụbọchị ole na ole ka e mesịrị. [16] Ewezuga nkewa dị egwu, Lady Byron gara n'ihu n'oge ndụ ya niile na-ebo ebubo gbasara omume rụrụ arụ di ya. [17] Usoro ihe omume a mere Lovelace aha ọjọọ na obodo Victoria. Ada na nna ya enweghị mmekọrịta. Ọ nwụrụ na 1824 mgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ. Nne ya bụ naanị nne na nna dị mkpa na ndụ ya. Egosighị Lovelace foto ezinụlọ nke nna ya ruo ụbọchị ọmụmụ nke iri abụọ ya. [19] === Agụmakwụkwọ === Site na 1832, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asaa, ikike mgbakọ na mwepụ ya malitere ịpụta, [26] na mmasị ya na mgbakọ na mwepụ na-achị ọtụtụ n'ime ndụ okenye ya. [43] Nne nne ya nwere mmasị na ikpochapụ ụdị ara ọ bụla o boro Byron ebubo bụ otu n'ime ihe kpatara eji kụziri Ada mgbakọ na mwepụ site na nwata. William Frend, William King, na Mary Somerville, bụ onye nyocha na narị afọ nke 19 a ma ama na onye edemede sayensị gụrụ ya na nzuzo. N'afọ ndị 1840, ọkà mmụta mgbakọ na mwepụ Augustus De Morgan agbatịkwuru "enyemaka dị ukwuu na ọmụmụ mgbakọ na mwepụ ya" gụnyere ọmụmụ nke isiokwu mgbako dị elu gụnyere " nọmba Bernoulli " (nke mere ememe algorithm maka Babbage's Analytical Engine). N'akwụkwọ ozi o degaara Lady Byron, De Morgan tụrụ aro na nkà Ada na mgbakọ na mwepụ nwere ike iduga ya ịghọ "onye nyocha mgbakọ na mwepụ mbụ, nke ọkwa mbụ." [45] Lovelace na-ajụkarị echiche ndị bụ isi site na ijikọ uri na sayensị. Ka ọ na-amụ ihe mgbako dị iche, o degaara De Morgan akwụkwọ: == Ọrụ == N'ime ndụ ya niile, Lovelace nwere mmasị siri ike na mmepe sayensị na ọdịda nke ụbọchị, gụnyere phrenology [52] na mesmerism . [53] Mgbe ya na Babbage rụchara ọrụ, Lovelace gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ. N'afọ 1844, ọ gwara otu enyi ya bụ Woronzow Greig banyere ọchịchọ ya ịmepụta ihe atụ mgbakọ na mwepụ maka otú ụbụrụ si eme ka echiche na irighiri akwara nwee mmetụta ("calculus of the nervous system"). [54] Ọ dịghị mgbe ọ nwetara nke a, Otú ọ dị. N'akụkụ ụfọdụ, mmasị ya na ụbụrụ sitere na ogologo oge na-arụ ọrụ tupu oge eruo, ketara n'aka nne ya, banyere ara "nwere ike" ya. Dịka akụkụ nke nyocha ya na ọrụ a, ọ gara leta onye injinia eletrik Andrew Crosse na 1844 ka ọ mụta ka esi eme nnwale eletrik. [55] N'otu afọ ahụ, o dere nyocha nke akwụkwọ Baron Karl von Reichenbach, ''Researches on Magnetism'', ma nke a ebipụtaghị ma ọ pụtaghị na ọ gara n'ihu na-agafe akwụkwọ mbụ. [56] N'afọ 1851, afọ tupu ọrịa kansa amalite, o degaara nne ya akwụkwọ na-ekwu banyere "ụfọdụ mmepụta" ọ na-arụ ọrụ gbasara njikọ mgbakọ na mwepụ na egwu. [57] Lovelace zutere Charles Babbage na June 1833 site n'aka enyi ha Mary Somerville. Mgbe ọnwa ahụ gasịrị, Babbage kpọrọ Lovelace ka ọ hụ ihe ngosi maka injin dị iche ya . [58] Igwe igwe masịrị ya ma jiri mmekọrịta ya na Somerville leta Babbage oge ọ bụla o nwere ike. Amamihe na nleba anya nke Lovelace masịrị Babbage. Ọ kpọrọ ya "Enchantress nke Number." <ref name="Number">{{Cite web|url=http://blog.stephenwolfram.com/2015/12/untangling-the-tale-of-ada-lovelace/|first=Stephen|author=Wolfram|authorlink=Stephen Wolfram|title=Untangling the Tale of Ada Lovelace|date=10 December 2015|quote=Then, on Sept. 9, Babbage wrote to Ada, expressing his admiration for her and (famously) describing her as 'Enchantress of Number' and 'my dear and much admired Interpreter'. (Yes, despite what's often quoted, he wrote 'Number' not 'Numbers'.)}}</ref> Na 1843, o degaara ya akwụkwọ, sị: N'ime ọnwa itoolu na 1842–43, Lovelace tụgharịrị akụkọ gbasara mgbakọ na mwepụ Italiantali Luigi Menabrea na igwe Babbage kachasị ọhụrụ a chọrọ, Injin Analytical . <ref>{{Cite journal|first=Velma R.|author=Huskey|title=Lady Lovelace and Charles Babbage|journal=Annals of the History of Computing|volume=2|pages=299–329|date=1980|doi=10.1109/MAHC.1980.10042}}</ref> Site n'akụkọ ahụ, o tinyere akwụkwọ ndetu. [61] Ịkọwa ọrụ nke Analytical Engine bụ ọrụ siri ike, n'ihi na ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ndị ọzọ aghọtaghị echiche ahụ na ntọala Britain egosighi mmasị na ya. [62] Ihe ndetu Lovelace nwedịrị ịkọwa ka Injin Analytical si dị iche na Njin Difference mbụ. [63] A nabatara ọrụ ya nke ọma n'oge ahụ; ọkà mmụta sayensị Michael Faraday kọwara onwe ya dị ka onye na-akwado ihe odide ya. [64] == ndetu nkọwa ==   == Ntụaka == <references /> {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ox84o2vi5288im07odfalt9dt5xqwad 0 12654 729909 729328 2026-10-02T00:13:05Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729909 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{databox}} '''Aisha Ayensu''' bụ onye Ghana na-emepụta ejiji na-emeri ihe nrite, ọ bụ onye amara na ọ rụpụtara uwe na ejiji ogbo maka [[Beyoncé Knowles|Beyonce]], [[Genevieve Nnaji]], [[Jackie Appiah]] na [[Sandra "Alexandrina" Don-Arthur]] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://privilegeamoah.com/top-5-most-influential-ghanaian-fashion-designers-of-all-time/|title=Top 5 most influential Ghanaian Fashion Designers of all time.|date=2018-04-01|work=privilegeamoah.com - Ghana entertainment news|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012093905/https://privilegeamoah.com/top-5-most-influential-ghanaian-fashion-designers-of-all-time/|archive-date=2019-10-12|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.glitzafrica.com/african-designers-nominated-for-2019-glitz-style-awards/|title=African Designers nominated for 2019 Glitz Style Awards – Glitz Africa Magazine|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-10-12|archivedate=2021-10-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008111731/https://www.glitzafrica.com/african-designers-nominated-for-2019-glitz-style-awards/}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye tọrọ ntọala ma bụrụ onye isi ihe okike nke Christie Brown, ụlọ ejiji ndị Ghana. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://foundersafrica.com/creative-africans-how-ghana-based-aisha-anyesu-is-infusing-modernism-into-traditional-african-fabrics/|title=Creative Africans: How Ghana-based Aisha Anyesu is Modernizing Traditional African Fabrics|date=2019-09-03|work=Founders Africa|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-10-19|archivedate=2021-10-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008111733/https://foundersafrica.com/creative-africans-how-ghana-based-aisha-anyesu-is-infusing-modernism-into-traditional-african-fabrics/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://daughtersofafrica.org/meet-aisha-ayensthe-woman-behind-christie-brown-label/|title=Meet Aisha Ayens,The Woman Behind Christie Brown label|date=2016-11-30|work=Daughters Of Africa|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-10-19|archivedate=2021-10-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008111729/https://daughtersofafrica.org/meet-aisha-ayensthe-woman-behind-christie-brown-label/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Afrik|first=Debonair|date=2016-10-14|title=Lookbook:Christie Brown Fall Winter 2016 Collection|url=https://debonairafrik.com/christie-brown-fall-winter-2016-collection/|accessdate=2020-11-23|work=Debonair Afrik|language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Folu Storms]] gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ yana maka mmemme redio nke BBC World Service wee depụta ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị ọchụnta ego Forbes kacha na 2016. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mfonobongnsehe/2016/04/25/30-most-promising-young-entrepreneurs-in-africa-2016/|title=30 Most Promising Young Entrepreneurs In Africa 2016|author=Nsehe|first=Mfonobong|work=Forbes|language=en|accessdate=2019-10-12}}</ref> <ref name="bbc">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3csww6q|title=BBC World Service - In the Studio, African Luxury Fashion: Designer Aisha Ayensu|work=BBC|language=en-GB|accessdate=2019-10-12}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://alt-africa.com/2018/05/12/bbc-world-service-in-the-studio-with-fashion-designer-aisha-ayensu/|title=BBC World Service – 'In The Studio' with Fashion Designer Aisha Ayensu|author=altafrica10|date=2018-05-12|work=Bespoke Event Guide|language=en|accessdate=2019-10-12}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://yen.com.gh/105425-top-fashion-designers-ghana.html|title=Top Fashion Designers in Ghana|author=Gracia|first=Zindzy|date=2018-02-11|work=Yen.com.gh - Ghana news.|language=en|accessdate=2019-10-12}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Ayensu nwere nzụlite na akparamaagwa na ejiji. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Achimota School o nwetara ọzụzụ ya na ejiji site na Joyce Ababio College of Creative Design. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jaccd.edu.gh/jaccd-orients-its-second-batch-of-degreediploma-students/|title=JACCD Orients {{sic|it|'s|nolink=y}} second batch of Degree/Diploma Students|date=2015-09-01|work=JACCD|language=en-GB|accessdate=2019-10-12|archivedate=2019-10-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012092401/http://www.jaccd.edu.gh/jaccd-orients-its-second-batch-of-degreediploma-students/}}</ref> == Ọrụ == [[Usòrò:2014_Another_Christie_Brown_design_as_featured_on_NdaniTV.png|thumb| Nhazi nke Christie Brown sitere na 2014 (dị ka egosipụtara na NdaniTV)|233x233px]] Site na mkpali nke sitere n'aka nne nne ya, ọ tọrọ ntọala ụlọ ejiji Christie Brown na March 2008 na Ghana nke a na-amata ugbu a na mba ụwa. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mag.moon-look.com/mode-style/christie-brown/|title=Christie Brown SS 15|work=MoonMag {{!}} African Creatives & Lifestyle|date=26 February 2015|language=fr-FR|accessdate=2019-10-12|archivedate=2019-10-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012092405/https://mag.moon-look.com/mode-style/christie-brown/}}</ref> Ọ gosipụtara dị ka "Platinum Standard" na NdaniTV na 2014 [[Folu Storms|Folu Storm]] gbakwara ya ajụjụ ọnụ mgbe ọ gara Accra na usoro New Africa na 2016. Ọ bụ onye nchoputa na onye isi ihe okike nke Christie Brown, ụlọ ejiji ndị Ghana. Afua Hirsch gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ maka mmemme ha "In the Studio" maka mmemme redio nke BBC World Service na 2016. Nke a bụ ọnwa anọ tupu nchịkọta ya kwa afọ ebe ọ na-eche "ihe ịma aka nke ime ka omenala ya bụrụ ihe a na-anabata n'ụwa nile", nke a mere ememe afọ iri nke azumaahịa ya. <ref name="bbc" /> Edekwara ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị ọchụnta ego kacha enye olileanya nke Forbes na 2016. == Ihe nrite == O nwetala ọtụtụ ihe nrite nke gụnyere: * 2009 - Emerging Designer of the Year, Arise Africa fashion event in South Africa<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/41802894-002a-11e7-96f8-3700c5664d30|title=Subscribe to read|website=Financial Times|date=3 March 2017|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-10-12|last1=Roux|first1=Caroline}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Meet The Ghanaian Woman Who Designed Tina Knowles Lawson's Trending Power Suit|url=https://www.essence.com/fashion/this-ghanaian-woman-designed-tina-knowles-lawsons-power-suit/|website=Essence|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-29}}</ref> * 2010 - Only Ghanaian label chosen to showcase in the Arise L'Afrique-á-Porter, in Paris during Paris Fashion Week<ref name=":0" /> * 2018 - Best Fashion Designer, Africa Prestigious Awards<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://news.eadgoc.com/2018/05/21/aisha-ayensu-wins-best-fashion-designer-africa-at-the-african-prestigious-awards-2018/|title=Aisha Ayensu Wins Best Fashion Designer Africa at the African prestigious awards 2018|website=EAD news|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-12|archive-date=2019-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012092403/https://news.eadgoc.com/2018/05/21/aisha-ayensu-wins-best-fashion-designer-africa-at-the-african-prestigious-awards-2018/|url-status=dead|accessdate=2022-04-07|archivedate=2019-10-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012092403/https://news.eadgoc.com/2018/05/21/aisha-ayensu-wins-best-fashion-designer-africa-at-the-african-prestigious-awards-2018/}}</ref> *2018 - African Designer of the Year, [[Glitz Style Awards]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/ece-frontpage/winners-list-zylofon-signees-juliet-ibrahim-victoria-micheals-and-more-win-at-glitz/7qblgrj|title=Zylofon signees, Juliet Ibrahim, Victoria Micheals & more win at Glitz Style Awards|date=2018-09-03|website=www.pulse.com.gh|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-12}}</ref> * 2019 - African Designer of the Year, [[Glitz Style Awards]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/lifestyle/fashion/check-out-the-full-list-of-winners-at-the-2019-glitz-style-awards/gmcnxzy|title=Check out the full list of winners at the 2019 Glitz Style Awards|date=2019-09-16|website=www.pulse.com.gh|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2019/09/15/2019-glitz-style-awards-full-list-of-winners/|title=2019 Glitz Style Awards: Full List Of Winners|date=2019-09-15|website=GhanaCelebrities.Com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-12|accessdate=2022-04-07|archivedate=2019-10-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012092358/https://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2019/09/15/2019-glitz-style-awards-full-list-of-winners/}}</ref> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ayensu, Aisha}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] azj8otdq5o2dvn83cd9k6oijlgly42v 0 13256 729928 707400 2026-10-02T03:57:57Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Amụma nzuzo bụ nkwupụta ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ iwu kwadoro (na iwu nzuzo) nke na-ekpughe ụfọdụ ma ọ bụ ụzọ niile otu ndị otu na-esi achịkọta, jiri, kpughee na jikwaa data onye ahịa ma ọ bụ onye ahịa. Ozi nkeonwe nwere ike ịbụ ihe ọ bụla enwere ike iji mata onye ọ bụla, ọ bụghị naanị aha onye ahụ, adreesị, ụbọchị ọmụmụ, ọnọdụ alụmdi na nwunye, ozi kọntaktị, mbipụta ID, na ụbọchị njedebe, ndekọ ego, ozi kredit, akụkọ ahụike, ebe otu onye na-eme njem, na ebumnuche inweta ngwongwo na ọrụ. N'ihe gbasara azụmaahịa, ọ na-abụkarị nkwupụta na-ekwupụta amụma otu otu o si achịkọta, chekwaa na wepụta ozi nkeonwe ọ na-anakọta. Ọ na-agwa onye ahịa ihe kpọmkwem ozi anakọtara, yana ma echekwara ya na nzuzo, kesaa ya na ndị mmekọ, ma ọ bụ ree ya ụlọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ. Amụma nzuzo na-anọchi anya ọgwụgwọ sara mbara karị, n'ozuzu ya, na-emegide nkwupụta ojiji data, nke na-abụkarị nke zuru oke na nke akọwapụtara. Ngwakọta ọdịnaya nke ụfọdụ amụma nzuzo ga-adabere n'iwu dị na ya ma nwee ike ịkwado ihe achọrọ n'ofe oke ala yana ikike iwu. Ọtụtụ mba nwere iwu nke onwe na ụkpụrụ nduzi nke ndị kpuchiri ekpuchi, ozi ndị enwere ike ịnakọta, na ihe enwere ike iji ya mee ihe. N'ozuzu, iwu nchebe data na Europe na-ekpuchi ụlọ ọrụ nkeonwe, yana ụlọ ọrụ ọha na eze. Iwu nzuzo ha na-emetụta ọ bụghị naanị na ọrụ gọọmentị kamakwa ụlọ ọrụ nkeonwe yana azụmahịa azụmahịa.<ref name="Cavoukian1995"/> [[California]] Business and Professions Code, Internet Privacy Requirements (CalOPPA) nyere iwu na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ na-anakọta Personal Identifiable Information (PII) site n'aka ndị bi na California ga-etinye iwu nzuzo ha n'ụzọ doro anya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displayText.xhtml?division=8.&chapter=22.&lawCode=BPC|title=Codes Display Text|work=leginfo.legislature.ca.gov|accessdate=2019-08-20}}</ref> (Lekwa Iwu Nchedo Nzuzo n'Ịntanet) == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == N'afọ 1968, Kansụl Europe malitere ịmụ mmetụta nkà na ụzụ na-emetụta ikike mmadụ, na-aghọta ihe egwu ọhụrụ nke nkà na ụzụ kọmputa na-ebute bụ nke nwere ike ijikọ na ịnyefe n'ụzọ a na-adịghị adị na mbụ. Na 1969 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) malitere inyocha ihe ozi nkeonwe pụtara na-ahapụ obodo ahụ. Ihe ndị a niile mere ka kansụl ahụ kwuo na a ga-emepụta amụma iji chebe data nkeonwe nke ma ndị nkeonwe na nke ọha na eze, na-eduga na Convention 108. Na 1981, Convention for the Protection of Individuals n'ihe gbasara Automatic Processing of Personal Data (Convention 108). ewebata. Otu n'ime iwu nzuzo mbụ ewepụtara bụ Swedish Data Act na 1973, sochiri West German Data Protection Act na 1977 yana Iwu French na Informatics, Data Banks na Freedoms na 1978..<ref name="Cavoukian1995"/> <ref name="Cavoukian1995">{{Cite book|author=Cavoukian|first=Ann|title=Who Knows: Safeguarding Your Privacy in A Networked World|url=https://archive.org/details/whoknowssafeguar0000annc|year=1995|location=[[Random House of Canada]]|publisher=Random House of Canada|isbn=0-394-22472-8}}</ref>Na United States, nchegbu maka amụma nzuzo malitere na ngwụcha afọ 1960 na 1970 dugara na ngafe nke Fair Credit Reporting Act. Ọ bụ ezie na emebeghị omume a ka ọ bụrụ iwu nzuzo, omume ahụ nyere ndị na-azụ ahịa ohere inyocha faịlụ kredit ha wee mezie mmejọ. O tinyekwara mgbochi na iji ozi na ndekọ ndekọ ego kredit. Ọtụtụ otu ọmụmụ ọgbakọ na ngwụcha 1960s nyochara depụtara ụkpụrụ ụkpụrụ a na-akpọ Fair Information Practices. Ọrụ nke kọmitii ndụmọdụ dugara na Iwu Nzuzo na 1974. United States bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ nkwado nke Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Njikọ Akụ na ụba na mmepe na 1980. Na Canada, e guzobere Kọmishọna Nzuzo nke Canada n'okpuru Iwu Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ nke Canada na 1977. N'afọ 1982, nhọpụta nke Kọmishọna Nzuzo bụ akụkụ nke Iwu Nzuzo ọhụrụ. Canada bịanyere aka na ntuziaka OECD na 1984.<ref name="Cavoukian1995"/> == Omume ozi ziri ezi == Enwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti nchedo data EU na iwu nzuzo data US. A ghaghị imezu ụkpụrụ ndị a ọ bụghị naanị site na ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na EU kamakwa site na nzukọ ọ bụla na-ebufe ozi nkeonwe anakọtara gbasara ụmụ amaala EU. N'afọ 2001, Ngalaba Azụmahịa nke United States rụrụ ọrụ iji hụ na a na-agbaso iwu maka òtù US n'okpuru Mmemme Safe Harbor. FTC akwadola TRUSTe iji gosipụta nrubeisi na US-EU Safe Harbor. == Mmanye <span lang="en" dir="ltr">ugbu a</span> == N'afọ 1995, European Union (EU) webatara ntụziaka<ref>Overview of the Data Protection Directive, [http://ec.europa.eu/justice_home/fsj/privacy/overview/index_en.htm EC.europa.eu]</ref> nchekwa data maka mba ndị otu ya. N'ihi ya, ọtụtụ òtù na-azụ ahịa n'ime EU malitere idepụta iwu iji rube isi na ntụziaka a. N'otu afọ ahụ, United States Federal Trade Commission (FTC) bipụtara Ụkpụrụ Ozi Kwesịrị Ekwesị nke nyere ụkpụrụ na-achịkwa na-abụghị iwu maka iji ozi nkeonwe eme ihe. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị iwu iwu, ụkpụrụ ndị a nyere nduzi nke nchegbu na-emepe emepe banyere otu esi edepụta iwu nzuzo. == Iwu na-emetụta == === United States === * Iwu Nchedo Nzuzo Ụmụaka n'Ịntanet (COPPA) na-emetụta weebụsaịtị ndị maara na-anakọta ozi gbasara ma ọ bụ lekwasị anya na ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ 13.<ref>The Children's Online Privacy Protection Act, [http://www.ftc.gov/ogc/coppa1.htm FTC.gov]</ref><ref>COPPA Safe Harbors discussed, Cybertelecom Federal Internet Law & Policy – an Educational Project. Krohn & Moss Consumer Law Center, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220602190835/http://www.cybertelecom.org/privacy/coppasafe.htm Cybertelecom.org]</ref> Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ọ bụla dị otú ahụ ga-etinye iwu nzuzo ma na-agbaso ihe mgbochi ịkekọrịta ozi COPPA gụnyere ndokwa "ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri dị nchebe" iji kwalite nchịkwa onwe onye nke ụlọ ọrụ.<ref>Discussion of compliance with the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act, FTC Privacy Initiatives, [http://www.ftc.gov/privacy/privacyinitiatives/childrens.html FTC.gov]</ref> * Iwu Gramm-Leach-Bliley chọrọ ka ụlọ ọrụ "na-etinye aka nke ọma" na ọrụ ego na-enye "nkwupụta doro anya, pụtara ìhè, na nke ziri ezi" nke omume ịkekọrịta ozi ha.<ref>"The Financial Privacy Requirements of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act", FTC Facts for Business", [https://web.archive.org/web/20090825111654/http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/edu/pubs/business/idtheft/bus53.shtm FTC.gov]</ref> Iwu ahụ na-egbochi iji na ịkekọrịta ozi ego.<ref>Information Regarding the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, US. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111011173610/http://banking.senate.gov/conf/ Senate.gov]</ref> * Iwu nzuzo nke Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) chọrọ ọkwa na edemede nke omume nzuzo nke ọrụ nlekọta ahụike, ihe a chọrọ na-emetụtakwa ma ọ bụrụ na ọrụ ahụike bụ kọmputa.<ref>Understanding HIPAA Privacy, HHS.gov Health [[information privacy]], [https://web.archive.org/web/20151206124546/http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/privacy/hipaa/understanding/index.html HHS.gov]</ref><ref>Notice of HIPAA Privacy Practices. Privacy/ Data Protection Project, Miller School of Medicine Miami University, [https://web.archive.org/web/20200806205256/http://privacy.med.miami.edu/glossary/xd_notice_of_privacy_practices.htm Miami.edu]</ref> * [https://oag.ca.gov/privacy/ccpa Iwu Nzuzo Ndị Ahịa] nke California (CCPA) na-enye ndị na-azụ ahịa ikike karịa ozi nkeonwe nke ụlọ ọrụ na-anakọta banyere ha na iwu CCPA na-enye nduzi banyere otu esi emejuputa iwu ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)|url=https://oag.ca.gov/privacy/ccpa|work=State of California Department of Justice|date=15 October 2018}}</ref> * Iwu ikike nzuzo nke [https://web.archive.org/web/20220401181437/https://iapp.org/resources/article/the-california-privacy-rights-act-of-2020/ California] nke 2020 (CPRA) na-agbasawanye ọrụ nzuzo na nchekwa ozi nke ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ na-azụ ahịa na California.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The California Privacy Rights Act of 2020|url=https://iapp.org/resources/article/the-california-privacy-rights-act-of-2020/|work=IAPP|accessdate=2022-05-01|archivedate=2022-04-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401181437/https://iapp.org/resources/article/the-california-privacy-rights-act-of-2020/}}</ref> <ref>Deceptive Trade Practices, [https://web.archive.org/web/20111129122301/http://www.enotes.com/everyday-law-encyclopedia/deceptive-trade-practices Enotes.com]</ref> === Canada === A na-akpọ Iwu Nzuzo gọọmentị etiti nke Canada na-emetụta ụlọ ọrụ nkeonwe dị ka Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA). Ebumnuche nke omume ahụ bụ ịmepụta iwu iji chịkwaa nchịkọta, ojiji, na ikpughe ozi nkeonwe site n'aka òtù azụmahịa. A na-ekwe ka nzukọ ahụ nakọta, kpughee ma jiri ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ozi maka ebumnuche nke onye nwere ezi uche ga-ewere dị ka ihe kwesịrị ekwesị n'ọnọdụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/P-8.6/|title=Consolidated federal laws of Canada, Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act|first=Legislative Services|author=Branch|work=laws-lois.justice.gc.ca|date=21 June 2019}}</ref> === European Union === Ikike nke nzuzo bụ mpaghara iwu mepere emepe na Europe. Mba niile so na European Union (EU) bụkwa ndị bịanyere aka na European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). Nkebi nke 8 nke ECHR na-enye ikike ịkwanyere "ndụ onwe ya na ezinụlọ ya, ụlọ ya na akwụkwọ ozi ya", n'okpuru ụfọdụ mgbochi. Ụlọikpe Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Ruuru Mmadụ na Yurop enyewo isiokwu a nkọwa sara mbara na ikpe ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Guide on Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights: Right to respect for private and family life|url=http://globalfreedomofexpression.columbia.edu/publications/guide-on-article-8-of-the-european-convention-on-human-rights-right-to-respect-for-private-and-family-life/|accessdate=2020-10-25|work=Global Freedom of Expression|language=en}}</ref> N'afọ 1980, n'ịgbalị ịmepụta usoro nchekwa data zuru oke na Europe niile, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) nyere ya "Atụmatụ nke Kansụl Banyere Nduzi Na-achịkwa Nchedo nke Nzuzo na Trans-Border Flows of Personal Data".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oecd.org/document/18/0,2340,en_2649_34255_1815186_1_1_1_1,00.html|title=OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data – OECD|work=www.oecd.org}}</ref> Ụkpụrụ asaa na-achịkwa ndụmọdụ OECD maka ichebe data nkeonwe bụ: # A ghaghị inye ọkwa - isiokwu data mgbe a na-anakọta data ha; # Nzube -data kwesịrị iji naanị maka ebumnuche ekwuru ma ọ bụghị maka ebumnuche ọ bụla ọzọ; # E kwesịghị ikpughe nkwenye - data n'enweghị nkwenye nke isiokwu data; # A ghaghị idebe nchekwa data a chịkọtara site na mmegbu ọ bụla nwere ike ime; # A ghaghị ịgwa ndị na-ahụ maka nkwupụta data banyere onye na-anakọta data ha; # A ghaghị ikwe ka isiokwu Access—data nweta data ha ma mezie data ọ bụla na-ezighi ezi; na # Accountability—data subjects should have a method available to them to hold data collectors accountable for not following the above principles.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite journal|first=Anna E.|author=Shimanek|title=Do you Want Milk with those Cookies?: Complying with Safe Harbor Privacy Principles|journal=Journal of Corporation Law|year=2001|volume=26|issue=2|pages=455, 462–463}}</ref> === Australia === Iwu Nzuzo nke 1988 na-enye usoro iwu maka nzuzo na [[Ostraliya|Australia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/pa1988108/|title=Privacy Act 1988|publisher=AustLII|accessdate=2013-06-25}}</ref> Ọ gụnyere ọtụtụ ụkpụrụ nzuzo nke mba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oaic.gov.au/privacy/privacy-act/national-privacy-principles|title=National Privacy Principles|publisher=Office of the Australian Information Commissioner|accessdate=2013-06-25|archivedate=2013-06-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616055115/http://www.oaic.gov.au/privacy/privacy-act/national-privacy-principles}}</ref> E nwere ụkpụrụ nzuzo iri na atọ n'okpuru Iwu Nzuzo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Australian Privacy Principles|url=https://www.oaic.gov.au/privacy/australian-privacy-principles/|accessdate=2020-10-26|work=OAIC|language=en-AU}}</ref> Ọ na-elekọta ma na-achịkwa nchịkọta, ojiji na ikpughe ozi nzuzo nke ndị mmadụ, na-ejide n'aka onye na-ahụ maka ya ma ọ bụrụ na e nwere mmebi iwu, na ikike nke ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu iji nweta ozi ha.<ref name=":0" /> === India === Iwu Teknụzụ Ozi (Ndezigharị), 2008 mere mgbanwe dị ukwuu na Iwu Teknụzụ Ozi, 2000, na-ewebata Nkebi nke 43A. Akụkụ a na-enye nkwụghachi ụgwọ n'ọnọdụ ebe ụlọ ọrụ na-eleghara anya na mmejuputa na ịnọgide na-enwe usoro nchekwa na usoro ezi uche dị na ya ma si otú a na-akpata ọnwụ na-ezighị ezi ma ọ bụ uru na-ezighị ezi nye onye ọ bụla. Nke a na-emetụta mgbe ụlọ ọrụ nwere, na-emekọrịta ma ọ bụ na-ejide data onwe onye ọ bụla ma ọ bụ ozi na kọmputa nke ọ nwere, na-achịkwa ma ọ bụ na-arụ ọrụ. # Nkwupụta doro anya ma dị mfe ịnweta nke omume ya na atumatu ya; # Ụdị data nkeonwe ma ọ bụ ozi nkeonwe ma ọ bụ ozi anakọtara; # Nzube nchịkọta na ojiji nke ozi dị otú ahụ; # Ngosipụta nke ozi gụnyere data nkeonwe ma ọ bụ ozi dị nro; # Omume na usoro nchekwa ezi uche dị na ya. == Mmemme asambodo nzuzo n'ịntanetị == Asambodo n'ịntanetị ma ọ bụ mmemme "akara" bụ ihe atụ nke ụlọ ọrụ na-achịkwa onwe onye nke iwu nzuzo. Mmemme akara na-achọkarị mmejuputa omume ozi ziri ezi dị ka usoro asambodo kpebiri ma nwee ike ịchọ ka nlekota nrubeisi. TRUSTArc (nke bụbu TRUSTe), mmemme akara nzuzo mbụ n'ịntanetị, gụnyere ihe karịrị ndị otu 1,800 site na 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://forms.truste.com/go/truste/learn_more_3?gclid=CK7V3sHdkJ4CFRgbawodiDZ2oQ|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2009-12-02|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717105224/http://forms.truste.com/go/truste/learn_more_3?gclid=CK7V3sHdkJ4CFRgbawodiDZ2oQ|archivedate=2011-07-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cdt.org/privacy/guide/protect/|title=Testimony of Deirdre Mulligan before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation Subcommittee on Communications – Center for Democracy & Technology|work=www.cdt.org|access-date=2022-05-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805165619/https://www.cdt.org/privacy/guide/protect|archive-date=2012-08-05|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mmemme akara ntanetị ndị ọzọ gụnyere Trust Guard Privacy Verified program, eTrust, na Webtrust.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.trust-guard.com/Privacy-Seals-s/77.htm|title=Privacy Seals & Services by Trust Guard|work=www.trust-guard.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.etrust.org/certification/privacy/|title=Privacy Certification|work=www.etrust.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cpacanada.ca/en/business-and-accounting-resources/audit-and-assurance/overview-of-webtrust-services|title=WebTrust seal program|work=www.cpacanada.ca|language=en|accessdate=2019-08-20|archivedate=2019-08-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820081553/https://www.cpacanada.ca/en/business-and-accounting-resources/audit-and-assurance/overview-of-webtrust-services}}</ref> == Mmejuputa oru == Ụfọdụ weebụsaịtị na-akọwakwa iwu nzuzo ha site na iji P3P ma ọ bụ Internet Content Rating Association (ICRA), na-enye ndị nchọgharị ohere ịtụle ọkwa nzuzo nke saịtị ahụ na-enye, ma na-enye ohere ịnweta naanị mgbe omume nzuzo nke saịtị ahụ kwekọrọ na ntọala nzuzo nke onye ọrụ. Otú ọ dị, ngwọta teknụzụ ndị a anaghị ekwe nkwa na weebụsaịtị na-agbaso iwu nzuzo a na-ekwu. Mmejuputa ihe ndị a na-achọkwa ka ndị ọrụ nwee ọkwa kacha nta nke ihe ọmụma teknụzụ iji hazie ntọala nzuzo nchọgharị ha. Usoro nzuzo ndị a na-akpaghị aka anaghị ewu ewu ma ọ bụ na weebụsaịtị ma ọ bụ ndị ọrụ ha.<ref>CyLab Privacy Interest Group, 2006 Privacy Policy Trends Report. January, 2007 [https://web.archive.org/web/20090326234128/http://www.chariotsfire.com/pub/cpig-jan2007.pdf Chariotsfire.com]</ref> Iji belata ibu ọrụ nke ịkọwa iwu nzuzo nke onye ọ bụla, Jøsang, Fritsch na Mahler atụpụtara iwu ndị a kwadoro site na sava iwu.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Jøsang|first=Audun|date=2010|title=Privacy Policy Referencing|journal=Trust, Privacy and Security in Digital Business|volume=6264|language=en|pages=129–140|doi=10.1007/978-3-642-15152-1_12}}</ref> == Nkatọ == Ọtụtụ ndị nkatọ awakpoola arụmọrụ na nkwado nke iwu nzuzo dị na Intanet. Nchegbu dị banyere ịdị irè nke iwu nzuzo nke ụlọ ọrụ na-achịkwa. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, akụkọ FTC nke afọ 2000 Privacy Online: Fair Information Practices in the Electronic Marketplace chọpụtara na ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ ebe nrụọrụ weebụ a nyochara nwere ụdị nkwupụta nzuzo, ọtụtụ ezughị ụkpụrụ e setịpụrụ na Ụkpụrụ FTC. Tụkwasị na nke a, ọtụtụ òtù na-echekwa ikike doro anya iji gbanwee usoro iwu ha n'otu n'otu. Na June 2009 ebe nrụọrụ weebụ EFF TOSback malitere ịchọta mgbanwe ndị dị otú ahụ na ọrụ ịntanetị 56 a ma ama, gụnyere nyochaa iwu nzuzo nke Amazon, [[Google]] na Facebook.<ref>Millis, Elinor, "EFF tracking policy changes at Google, Facebook and others," Cnet Digital News, June 2009. [http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-10257818-93.html Cnet.com]</ref> == Ndetu == {{Reflist|}} <references /> == Ịgụgụ ọzọ == * Gazaleh, Mark (2008) ''[https://www.academia.edu/31116853/Online_trust_and_perceived_utility_for_consumers_of_web_privacy_statements Ntụkwasị obi n'ịntanetị na uru a ghọtara maka ndị na-azụ ahịa nke nkwupụta nzuzo weebụ]'', WBS [[London]], 35pp. * {{Cite book|title=Who Knows: Safeguarding Your Privacy in A Networked Worldwide|url=https://archive.org/details/whoknowssafeguar0000annc|author=Cavoukian|first=Ann|publisher=[[Random House]]|year=1995|isbn=0-394-22472-8|location=[[Random House of Canada]]}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] jrusp95wjz7w5jbdpra3cog2t3t1fbu 0 14741 729923 729523 2026-10-02T03:22:18Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729923 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Amina Agueznay''' (amụrụ n'afọ1963 na mba Casablanca, Morocco) bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri na onye n'ewu ụlọ na mba Morocco, nke a maara maka ọrụ nka nke oge a. Ọrụ ya gụnyere atụmatụ ọla na ntinye nka, n'etinye Ihe nketa ọdịbendị mba Moroccan ya na ihe ndị dị ka bọtịnụ akwa, akwụkwọ, okooko osisi rose ma ọ bụ akpa plastik ọkụ. N'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi, o mepụtara ihe osise pụrụ iche. E wezụga isonye ya n'ihe ngosi nka na ejiji na Morocco na Europe, ọrụ ya apụtala na katalọgụ nka, magazin na akwụkwọ akụkọ Britain ''[[Financial Times]]''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Alami|first=Aida|date=2015-03-27|title=Amina Agueznay: onye na-akwado omenala nna ochie nke ukwuu|work=Financial Times|url=https://www.ft.com/content/89e03158-cef2-11e4-b761-00144feab7de|access-date=2022-02-10}}</ref> N'etiti ndị ọzọ, onye na-ese foto Morocco [[Leila Alaoui]] dekọrọ ihe okike ya.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2021-07-29|title=Interview : Amina Agueznay by Saveria Mendella and Khémaïs Ben Lakhdar|url=https://dotationmodemed.fr/eng/2021/07/29/interview-amina-agueznay-by-saveria-mendella-and-khemai%cc%88s-ben-lakhdar/|access-date=2022-02-13|website=Fonds de Dotation|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220213101809/https://dotationmodemed.fr/eng/2021/07/29/interview-amina-agueznay-by-saveria-mendella-and-khemai%CC%88s-ben-lakhdar/|archive-date=2022-02-13|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==Edensibia== {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Agueznay, Amina}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 4g3y75a4vtvkwxjnfd27yj444w0ivcf 0 16607 729907 719794 2026-10-02T00:03:32Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729907 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} {{Infobox person|website=}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Aida El-Kashef''' bụ onye na-emeputa ihe nkiri na onye<ref name="HinduNews">{{Cite news|author=Devi Dundoo|first=Sangeetha|title=‘It’s our revolution too’|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/its-our-revolution-too/article4931922.ece|accessdate=22 October 2016|date=July 19, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705020446/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/its-our-revolution-too/article4931922.ece|archive-date=5 July 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> na-egosipụta ihe nkiri na Egypt. Ọrụ ya gụnyere Ship of Theseus na ''Walad w Bent'' . Ọ duziri ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi a kpọrọ A Tin Tale na ''Rhapsody'' in Autumn .<ref name="HinduNews" /> El-Kashef sonyere na ngagharị iwe na Tahrir Square, ebe o mere ihe nkiri nke Arab Spring dika ha na-aga n'ihu. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ na-eme ngagharị iwe nke weghaara Tahrir ebe o guzobere ụlọikwuu.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/25/movies/the-square-jehane-noujaims-documentary-on-egypts-unrest.html?_r=0|title=Brave Optimism of Tahrir Square Meets Other Fierce Forces|author=Scott|first=A.O.|date=24 October 2013|work=The New York Times|accessdate=15 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ipsnews.net/2014/02/egypt-looking-conscience/|title=Egypt&nbsp;— Looking for a Conscience|author=Gohar|first=Anicee|date=19 February 2014|work=Inter Press Service|accessdate=15 July 2015}}</ref> O dekwara "mgbukpọ obi ọjọọ megide ụmụ nwanyị" nke mere n'oge ngagharị iwe na-etinye nchekwa nke onwe ya n'ihe ize ndụ.<ref name="HinduNews" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2013/11/26/nomiltrials-protest-dispersed-prominent-activists-detained/|title=The Female Fightback|date=12 June 2013|accessdate=15 July 2015|work=Cosmopolitan|publisher=Hearst Magazines UK|author=Mullender|first=Rosie|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923225558/http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2013/11/26/nomiltrials-protest-dispersed-prominent-activists-detained/|archivedate=23 September 2015}}</ref> E gosipụtara ihe nkiri El-Kashef nke ụmụ nwoke na-emetọ ụmụ nwanyị n'ụwa niile ma El-Kashenf na ndị enyi ya kwere nkwa ịlụ ọgụ, na-ebu ihe eletrik na mma dị ka ihe iji chekwa onwe ha.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/egyptian-women-fight-back-as-sexual-assaults-skyrocket/|title=Egyptian Women Fight Back as Sexual Assaults Skyrocket|author=Ward|first=Clarissa|date=27 March 2013|work=CBS Evening News|accessdate=15 July 2015}}</ref> E jidere ya ma jide ya maka itinye aka na No Military Trials for Civilians protest.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2013/11/26/nomiltrials-protest-dispersed-prominent-activists-detained/|title=NoMilTrials Protest Dispersed; Prominent Activists Detained|author=Salem|first=Mostafa|date=26 November 2013|work=Daily News Egypt|accessdate=15 July 2015}}</ref> El-Kashef hapụrụ nkwalite nke Ship of Theseus na India mgbe ọ na-eme ngagharị iwe.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/egyptianbased-actress-aida-el-kashef-to-visit-india-for-ship-of-theseus-hindi-news-95450.html|title=Egyptian-Based Actress Aida El Kashef to Visit India for Ship of Theseus|date=13 July 2013|work=Indiaglitz|accessdate=15 July 2015|archive-date=13 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150813105607/http://www.indiaglitz.com/egyptianbased-actress-aida-el-kashef-to-visit-india-for-ship-of-theseus-hindi-news-95450.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Akụkụ ọzọ nke ngagharị iwe ahụ bụ itinye aka na fim nke iru uju nke ndị ezinụlọ wakporo Zeinhom Morgue na Cairo iji hụ ndị ha hụrụ n'anya n'oge ikpeazụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/151/79876/Egypt/Features/Guardians-of-the-betrayed-dead-Inside-Cairos-Zeinh.aspx|title=Guardians of the Betrayed Dead: Inside Cairo's Zeinhom Morgue|author=Fathi|first=Yasmine|date=2 September 2013|work=Ahram Online|accessdate=15 July 2015}}</ref> N'afọ 2014, El-Kashef natara onyinye maka Ward No 3 site n'aka SANAD, nke bụ mmepe na ego mmepụta maka Abu Dhabi Film Festival.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/News/112851.aspx|title=Shawky's 'Yommedine' and El-Kashef's 'Ward No 3' Win SANAD Grants|date=12 October 2014|work=Ahram Online|accessdate=15 July 2015}}</ref> Ọzọkwa na 2014, El-Kashef meriri onyinye onye na-akwado ihe nkiri kachasị mma site na Indian National Film Awards maka ọrụ ya na Ship of Theseus .<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2014/film/asia/ship-of-theseus-wins-indias-national-film-award-1201158125/|title='Ship of Theseus' Wins Indian National Film Award|date=16 April 2014|work=Variety|accessdate=15 July 2015}}</ref> O nwetakwara ihe nrite nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma maka Muhr Asia-Africa Feature category na Dubai Film Festival maka ọrụ ya na Ship of Theseus na 2012.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.albawaba.com/entertainment/egyptian-award-winners-at-dubai-international-film-festival-457353|title=Egyptian Stars Win Big at Dubai Film Fest|date=17 December 2012|work=Albawaba English|accessdate=15 July 2015}}</ref> N'ọnwa Nọvemba, n'afọ 2015, Aida malitere ịchụ nta ego maka mmepụta ihe nkiri mbụ ya zuru oke, ihe nkiri na-ekwu maka mmetọ n'ụlọ n'Ijipt. N'akwụkwọ The Day I Ate The Fish, Aida dere ọtụtụ alụmdi na nwunye ebe otu nwanyị gburu di ya.<ref name="Documentary">{{Cite web|title=The Day I Ate the Fish|url=https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/the-day-i-ate-the-fish-directed-by-aida-el-kashef#/|work=Indiegogo|accessdate=22 October 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023050432/https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/the-day-i-ate-the-fish-directed-by-aida-el-kashef#/|archivedate=23 October 2016}}</ref><ref name="Doc">{{Cite web|title=The Day You Catch the Fish: speaking out on domestic abuse|url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/5050/zainab-magdy/day-you-catch-fish-speaking-out-on-domestic-abuse|work=50 50 Inclusive Democracy|accessdate=22 October 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161013110410/https://www.opendemocracy.net/5050/zainab-magdy/day-you-catch-fish-speaking-out-on-domestic-abuse|archivedate=13 October 2016}}</ref> == Ebensidee == {{Reflist|30em}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 96bow1ay0j1c2sfjuvkujmym97p20c2 0 17715 729934 728512 2026-10-02T05:54:55Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729934 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Databox}} '''Aria Sa'id''' (amụrụ na 1989/1990) bụ onye African-American na-ekwuchitere ndị na-agbanwe ịbụ nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-eme atụmatụ na San Francisco.<ref name="dailybeast-18dec2018">{{Cite news|author=Wilson|first=Emily|title=San Francisco Creates World's First Ever Transgender Cultural District|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/san-francisco-creates-worlds-first-ever-transgender-cultural-district|work=[[The Daily Beast]]|accessdate=June 21, 2019|date=December 18, 2018}}</ref><ref name="sfweek-21jun2017">{{Cite news|author=Kane|first=Peter Lawrence|title=Green-Light District|url=http://www.sfweekly.com/news/feature/green-light-district/|accessdate=June 21, 2019|work=[[SF Weekly]]|date=June 21, 2017}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye guzobere (ya na Janetta Johnson na Honey Mahogany) na onye isi nchịkwa nke The Transgender District, na onye guzobere na onye nduzi nke Kween Culture Initiative.<ref name="dailybeast-18dec2018" /><ref name="sfexam-5feb2019">{{Cite news|author=Tence|first=Victor|title=New cultural district director hopes to create employment opportunities for transgender residents|url=https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/new-cultural-district-director-hopes-to-create-employment-opportunities-for-transgender-residents/|accessdate=June 21, 2019|work=[[San Francisco Examiner]]|date=February 5, 2019}}</ref><ref name="sfweek-6feb2019">{{Cite news|author=Sawyer|first=Nuala|title=The First Transgender District in the Nation Gets a New Director|url=http://www.sfweekly.com/news/the-first-transgender-district-in-the-nation-gets-a-new-director/|accessdate=June 21, 2019|work=[[SF Weekly]]|date=February 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190621141502/http://www.sfweekly.com/news/the-first-transgender-district-in-the-nation-gets-a-new-director/|archive-date=June 21, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="forbes-26feb2019">{{Cite news|author=Tovar|first=Virgie|title=First Ever Transgender Cultural District Co-Founded By #XLBossLady Aria Sa'id|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/virgietovar/2019/02/26/first-ever-transgender-cultural-district-co-founded-by-xlbosslady-aria-said/|accessdate=June 21, 2019|work=[[Forbes]]|date=February 26, 2019}}</ref><ref name="out-18feb2019">{{Cite news|author=Raquel Willis|title=Black Trans Women Created the World's First Trans Cultural District|url=https://www.out.com/out-exclusives/2019/2/18/black-trans-women-created-worlds-first-trans-cultural-district|accessdate=June 21, 2019|work=[[Out (magazine)|Out]]|date=February 18, 2019}}</ref><ref name="sfexam-26jun2019">{{Cite news|author=Rodriguez|first=Joe Fitzgerald|title=SF posts new street signs and trans Pride flags across Compton's Transgender Cultural District|url=https://www.sfexaminer.com/the-city/sf-posts-new-street-signs-and-trans-pride-flags-across-comptons-transgender-cultural-district/|accessdate=June 26, 2019|work=[[San Francisco Examiner]]|date=June 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626174537/https://www.sfexaminer.com/the-city/sf-posts-new-street-signs-and-trans-pride-flags-across-comptons-transgender-cultural-district/|archive-date=June 26, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="forbes-26feb2019" /><ref name="out-18feb2019" /><ref name="kween-web">{{Cite web|title=Kween Culture Initiative|url=https://kweenculture.com/|work=Kween Culture Initiative|accessdate=June 21, 2019|archivedate=June 21, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190621141517/https://kweenculture.com/}}</ref><ref name="sfexam-20jun2018">{{Cite news|author=Kane|first=Peter Lawrence|title=Aria Sa'id a force for change among trans women of color|url=https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/aria-said-a-force-for-change-among-trans-women-of-color/|accessdate=June 21, 2019|work=[[San Francisco Examiner]]|date=June 20, 2018}}</ref><ref name="sfweek-20june2018">{{Cite news|author=Kane|first=Peter Lawrence|title=SF Pride 2018: Aria Sa'id, Winner of the '10 Years of Service' Award|url=http://www.sfweekly.com/culture/sf-pride-2018-aria-said-winner-of-the-10-years-of-service-award/|accessdate=June 21, 2019|work=[[SF Weekly]]|date=June 20, 2018}}</ref> Sa'id arụwokwa ọrụ na Trans:Thrive resource center, dị ka onye njikwa mmemme maka St. James Infirmary, na dị ka onye ndụmọdụ iwu maka San Francisco Human Rights Commission.<ref name="out-18feb2019" /><ref name="lgbtqnation-7oct2018">{{Cite web|author=Madison|first=Alex|title=The nation's first trans cultural district is starting to turn ideas into reality|url=https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2018/10/nations-first-trans-cultural-district-starting-turn-ideas-reality/|work=LGBTQ Nation|date=October 7, 2018|accessdate=June 22, 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 2018, San Francisco Pride nyere ya onyinye 10 Years of Service Award.<ref name="sfweek-20june2018" /> == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta ndị LGBT si Portland, Oregon == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190621141517/https://kweenculture.com/ Ihe Omenala Kween] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] maqkjr9473n4x9wmwdood3x4zx3tkvx 0 18329 729846 654517 2026-10-01T15:02:03Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729846 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Ọmụgwọ''' {{Audio|LL-Q33578 (ibo)-Olugold-Ọmụgwọ.wav|gee ntị}} bụ okwu ndị [[Igbo]] nke Ndịda-Ọwụwa anyanwụ [[Naijiria]] na-eji akọwa omume nke onye ezinaụlọ ga na-elekọta nne mụrụ nwa ohụrụ na nwa ya, n'obere oge ọ mụchara nwa. Oge ọmụgwụ nwere ike ị bụ ụbọchị iri anọ mbụ nke ndụ nwatakịrị ma ọ bụ karia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=BBC World Service - Focus on Africa, Omugwo: Igbo's postpartum cultural practice|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p080npbh|work=BBC|accessdate=2022-07-12|language=en-GB}}</ref> N'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, ọ bụ nne ma ọ bụ nne di ọhụrụ na-aga anọ nyèrè ya. N'ọnọdụ ebe ha na-anọghị, onye ezinaụlọ nwanyị ọzọ ga anochi anya nne di ma ọ bụ nne nwanyị mụrụ nwa ohụrụ. Ihe dị mkpa nke omume a bụ na ọ na-enyere nne ọhụrụ aka ime ka ọrụ ya dị mfe site na ahụmahụ nke nne (di ma ọ bụ nwunye), iji nyere ha aka ịghọ nne, site n'inye ihe ọmụma na nkwado.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Unpaid postpartum care, 'Omugwo', affecting women empowerment|url=https://newswirengr.com/2022/04/12/how-unpaid-postpartum-care-omugwo-is-affecting-women-empowerment-in-nigeria/|work=NewsWireNGR|date=2022-04-12|accessdate=2022-07-12|language=en-US|author=Claire Mom|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220712050520/https://newswirengr.com/2022/04/12/how-unpaid-postpartum-care-omugwo-is-affecting-women-empowerment-in-nigeria/|archive-date=2022-07-12|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=OMUGWO|url=https://refinedng.com/omugwo/|work=RefinedNG|date=2020-08-01|accessdate=2022-07-12|language=en-US|author=RefinedNG}}</ref> == Óménàlà ndị Igbo == [[Igbo|Agbụrụ Igbo]] bụ ndị malitere omenala ọmụgwọ nke a na-eme ugbu a n'ọtụtụ ebe na [[Naijiria]]. Omenala a na-enye nlekọta pụrụ iche nye ndị nne mụrụ nwa ọhụrụ na ndị na-enye nwa ara.<ref>{{Cite web|title=10 Things About Igbo Tribe 10 Interesting Things We Know About the Igbo|url=https://refinedng.com/10-interesting-things-we-know-about-the-igbo-tribe/|work=RefinedNG|date=2022-06-25|accessdate=2022-07-12|language=en-US}}</ref> Nlekọta mgbe amuchara nwa (ọmụgwụ), di mkpa ka nne ohuru wee zuru ike nke oma, ka o nwetaghachi ike ya.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Omugwo: Understanding The Culture Behind Igbo's Traditional Postpartum Care|url=https://guardian.ng/life/omugwo-understanding-the-culture-behind-igbos-traditional-postpartum-care/|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|date=2018-11-07|accessdate=2022-07-12|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-07-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220712045016/https://guardian.ng/life/omugwo-understanding-the-culture-behind-igbos-traditional-postpartum-care/}}</ref> Omugwo bu otu n'ime ihe kachasi mkpa ma bụrụ kwa óménàlà ochie ndi Igbo.<ref name=":1" /> == Otu esi eme ọmụgwọ == Ọtụtụ oge, mgbe amuchara nwa bụ mgbe omugwo na-amalite. Ọ bụ ọrụ nne (nke di ma ọ bụ nwunye) ịkụziri ma ọ bụ ịduzi nne mụrụ nwa ọhụrụ na ụdị nri ọ ga na-eri iji nyere aka na ịmepụta mmiri ara ka nwa na-aṅụ, a ga ahịa ya aka n'ahụ na má kwa ya mmiri ọkụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Omugwo: When a new mother is pampered|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2018/08/omugwo-when-a-new-mother-is-pampered/|work=Vanguard News|date=2018-08-22|accessdate=2022-07-12|language=en-GB}}</ref> Mgbe amuchara nwa, nne nne ga-enyere nne ọhụrụ aka ịmá mmiri ọkụ na ahụ. Usoro ịma mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ gụnyere ịtinye akwa na mmiri ọkụ na iji ya na-má n'afọ nne ọhụrụ. Ịnọdụ na mmiri ọkụ bụ omume dị mkpa ma ọ bụrụ na nne ọhụrụ mụrụ ji ikpu mụọ nwa ka mkpụkọ ọbara dị n'afọ ya wee pụta ka o wee gwọọ ime ahu ya nke ọma.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> Nne ma ọ bụ nne di nwanyị mụrụ nwa ọhụrụ na-arụ ọtụtụ ọrụ ụlọ, na-elekọta ma nne ọhụrụ na nwa ọhụrụ.<ref name=":1" /> A ga-enye nne ọhụrụ ahụ ihe oriri na-afụ ose dị ka ofe ose na ụda iji nyere aka wepụ mkpụkọ ọbara nke achọghị na ahụ ya ma nyere aka ịkwalite mmepụta mmiri ara. Akamu bụkwa nhọrọ nri ọzọ a na-enye nne ọhụrụ ka ọ na-enyere aka ịmepụta mmiri ara ya.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Omugwo: The Igbo practice of caring for the new mother and baby…. – Ibiene Magazine|url=https://ibiene.com/culture/omugwo-the-igbo-practice-of-caring-for-the-new-mother-and-baby/|accessdate=2022-07-12|language=en-GB}}</ref> Na ngwụcha ọmugwo, a na-ezila/nye nne ma ọ bụ nwunye di nne mụrụ nwa ọhụrụ onyinye ịji gosipụta ekele site n'aka nne na nna ọhụrụ. Onyinye ekele nwere ike ị bụ ihe ndị dị ka akwa, ncha, ihe oriri, ego, na ihe ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Omugwo also known as igbo traditional after birth care|url=https://sincerelyonyi.com/omugwo/|work=Sincerely Onyi|date=2017-10-10|accessdate=2022-07-12|language=en-US|author=Sincerelyonyi}}</ref> == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Óménàlà]] 2qjvbywizh7cg09sad7sydts54zz9tf 0 19184 729884 719581 2026-10-01T20:25:12Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729884 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:2face Idibia.png|thumb|2Baba na mmepe égwú ya ''The Ascension'', 2014]] '''Innocent Ujah Idibia''' {{Audio|Ta-Innocent Ujah Idibia.ogg|Audio}} (Amụrụ na 18 Septemba 1975), nke a maara site n' aha egwu ya '''2Baba''', bụ onye [[Naijiria]] na-eti ma na-edekwa egwu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Biography of the legendary singer 2Baba {{!}} Pulse Nigeria|url=https://www.pulse.ng/articles/entertainment/celebrities/biography-of-the-legendary-singer-2baba-2025021414450330274|work=www.pulse.ng|accessdate=2025-06-17|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/224789-2face-donates-n3-5-million-help-persons-displaced-boko-haram.html|title=2Face donates N3.5 million to help persons displaced by Boko Haram|date=27 February 2017|accessdate=3 September 2019|website=Premium Times}}</ref> A na-ewere ya dịka otu n'ime ndị egwu kachasị ukwuu na Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-21|title=Appreciating 2Baba as a conventional blueprint for longevity|url=https://thenativemag.com/2baba-blueprint-nigerian-music-2/|accessdate=2022-06-03|work=The NATIVE|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Ohunyon|first=Ehis|date=2018-07-16|title=Is 2baba the greatest Nigerian artist ever?|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/2face-idibia-is-2baba-the-greatest-nigerian-artist-ever/g8cwn6r|accessdate=2022-06-02|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye kachasị ewu ewu maka igụ egwu na afọ 2000, site na egwú nke mbụ ya bụ ''Face2Face''. O bụ n'ime albọm ahu ka enwere egwu, "African Queen", nke ewerụrụ dika egwu butere mmata ọhụrụ na nsọpụrụ maka egwu Naijiria n'[[Afrịka]] na Mba uwa niile.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ohunyon|first=Ehis|date=2018-05-16|title=14 years after, 'Face 2 Face' is still a gem of an album|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/2face-idibia-14-years-after-face-2-face-is-still-a-gem-of-an-album/zey37j7|accessdate=2022-06-03|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> Tupu Julaị 2014, 2Baba na aza 2face Idibia. Ọ bụ onye mmeri asambodo di iche íchè dika [[MTV Europe Music Awards]] na afọ 2005.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Njoku|first=Benjamin|title=2face changes name to 'Tu-baba'|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/07/2face-changes-name-tu-baba/|publisher=Vanguard|accessdate=30 July 2014|date=27 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/2face-idibia-is-2baba-the-greatest-nigerian-artist-ever/g8cwn6r|title=Is 2baba the greatest Nigerian artist ever?|date=16 July 2018|accessdate=3 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/music/243568-10-things-to-know-about-2face-as-he-turns-42.html|title=10 things to know about 2face as he turns 42 &#124; Premium Times Nigeria|date=18 September 2017}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, 2baba, na mmekorita ya na ndị egwu ọzọ [[Cobhams Asuquo]] na Timi Dakolo, wepụtara abụ maka ịmara ikike ụmụaka. == Mmalite ndú == [[Usòrò:2baba.jpg|thumb|2baba dika oyi akwa na acha ọbara obara]] A mụrụ 2Baba na [[Jos]], Naijiria, ma site n'agbụrụ Idoma nke dị na [[Ȯra Benue]].<ref name="Rise and Rise of Tu-Face">{{Cite web|url=http://www.newswatchngr.com/editorial/prime/bob/10109113755.htm|title=Rise and Rise of Tu-Face|publisher=newswatchngr.com|date=9 January 2006|accessdate=6 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120715031503/http://www.newswatchngr.com/editorial/prime/bob/10109113755.htm|archivedate=15 July 2012}}</ref> Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Mount Saint Gabriel nke dị na [[Makurdi]], na ihe ọmụmụ National Diploma na Business Administration na njikwa na Institute of Management & Technology, [[Enụgwụ]] (IMT). Mgbe ọ na-aga IMT, 2Baba rụrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ nke gụnyere ihazi ihe onyonyo na ihe oriri. Ọ na emekwa etu ahụ na mahadum mpaghara ndị ọzọ dị ka [[University of Nigeria]]. Ọ mechara hapụ agụmakwụkwọ iji tinye uchu na ihe gbasara egwu. Tụpụ nke áhu, mgbe ọ na-agụ na IMT, 2Baba amalitela ide ma na-abụ abụ nak GB Fan Club dị na Enugu State Broadcasting Services (ESBS), na 1996.{{citation needed}} N'afọ 1996, 2Baba bara onwé ya aha egwu 2Face. O kwuru ihe kpatara ya bụ na ka aghara inwe njikọ na ndụ onwe na ndụ azụmahịa ya. N'afọ 2016, ọ gbanwere aha ya site na Tuface gaa na 2Baba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/2face-%E2%80%98officially%E2%80%99-changes-name-2baba|title=2face 'officially' changes name to 2baba|date=14 January 2016|publisher=Music In Africa|accessdate=14 January 2016|archivedate=21 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421230347/https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/2face-%E2%80%98officially%E2%80%99-changes-name-2baba}}</ref> == Na Plantashun Boiz == Ọ kwagara [[Lagos]] wee malite iso onye na-agụ egwu Benue [[Blackface Naija]]. Ọ zutere Blackface n'oge ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ sekọndrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/2face-idibia-heres-both-sides-of-the-story-as-blackface-says-2baba-is-suing-him-for/wb08f8s|title=Here's both sides of the story as Blackface says 2baba is suing him for N50M|work=Pulse|date=19 July 2018|accessdate=19 September 2019|archivedate=13 December 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191213084327/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/2face-idibia-heres-both-sides-of-the-story-as-blackface-says-2baba-is-suing-him-for/wb08f8s}}</ref> Ya na Blackface (Ahmedu Augustine Obiabo) na onye egwu [[Faze (musician)|Faze]] (Chibuzor Orji), ọ gara n'ihu mepụta otu egwu atọ a na-akpọ Plantashun Boiz.<ref>{{Cite web|author=LHX|first=TRANSSION|title=2Baba songs download: 2Baba MP3 new songs, lyrics, albums, playlists {{!}} Boomplay Music|url=https://www.boomplay.com/artists/1057?page=11|accessdate=2022-06-10|work=Boomplay Music - WebPlayer|language=en}}</ref> Plantashun Boiz wepụtara abọm abụọ na-aga nke ọma: "Body and Soul" (2000) na Sold Out (2003) n'okpuru akara Nelson Brown (Dove Records) tupu ha agbasa na 2004.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenet.ng/2013/06/2face-idibia-working-with-nelson-brown-on-upcoming-album/|title=2face Idibia working with Nelson Brown on upcoming album|work=Nigerian Entertainment Today|accessdate=9 March 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402170019/http://thenet.ng/2013/06/2face-idibia-working-with-nelson-brown-on-upcoming-album/|archivedate=2 April 2015}}</ref> Mmekọrịta mebiri ọtụtụ afọ mgbe òtù ahụ kewara ma ndị otu ya malitere ọrụ ha n'onwe ha. Ogologo oge mgbe nkewa a maara dị ka anụ ehi "Faze vs Tuface", ndị otu ahụ laghachiri n'otu na 2007 maka ebumnuche nke idekọ abọm nke atọ na nke ikpeazụ akpọrọ Plan B (2007).<ref name="Idomaland">{{Cite web|url=http://www.idomaland.org/icon/innocent-ujah-idibia-2face|title=Innocent Ujah Idibia (2Face)|work=Idomalang.org|accessdate=11 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430014818/http://www.idomaland.org/icon/innocent-ujah-idibia-2face|archive-date=30 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'ọtụtụ oge, BlackFace kwuru na 2Face na-eme egwu ha abụọ dere ma ghara ịnye ya ego. Mgbe ogologo oge nke ikpe na mgbasa ozi agha gasịrị, e mechara kwụsị okwu ahụ n'udo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2019/11/28/theft-claim-blackface-apolgises-to-2baba-settle-out-of-court/|title=Theft Claim: Blackface Apolgises To 2Baba, Settles Out Of Court|work=[[Channels TV]]|accessdate=28 November 2019}}</ref> == Ọrụ onwe onye == Mgbe a gbasara Plantashun Boyz na 2004, ndị otu niile chọrọ ọrụ egwu dị iche iche. 2Baba wepụtara abọm mbụ ya Face 2 Face (2004), nke ọtụtụ akwụkwọ depụtara dị ka abọm izizi Naijiria nke narị afọ nke 21 site n'aka onye na-ese egwu.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Alake|first=Motolani|date=2020-03-17|title=Here are the top 10 Nigerian debut albums of the past 20 years|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/wizkid-asa-timaya-mi-abaga-and-the-top-10-nigerian-debut-albums-over-the-past-20/73sdp1x|accessdate=2022-06-03|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> Abọm ahụ jụrụ egwu dịka "Nfana Ibaga", "Ole", na "African Queen" (nke a na-akpọ otu n'ime egwu kachasị egwu si n'Afrịka pụta ma bụrụ egwu egwu na ihe nkiri Hollywood nke afọ 2006 Phat Girlz). Mgbe a tọhapụrụ abọm izizi ya, ọ wepụtara abọm nke abụọ ya Grass 2 Grace na 2006, nke nwere egwu dịka "One Love", "True Love, "4 Instance". [[Usòrò:Digital_Painting_of_Idibia_displayed_at_Pop-Up_exhibition.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Digital_Painting_of_Idibia_displayed_at_Pop-Up_exhibition.jpg/300px-Digital_Painting_of_Idibia_displayed_at_Pop-Up_exhibition.jpg|áká_èkpè|thumb|300x300px|Ihe osise na-enweghị atụ Star studded of Idibia gosipụtara na ihe ngosi Visual Collaborative pop-up nke isiokwu ENCORE na Disemba 2013]] 2Baba wepụtara abọm nnwale na 2009 nke akpọrọ The Unstoppable nke gụnyere otu "Enter the Place". Nsogbu na nkesa abọm na 2007 mere ka mgbanwe nke ụbọchị ntọhapụ nke abọm ahụ site na 2008 ruo mmalite 2009. N'afọ 2010, 2Baba wepụtara "International Edition" nke otu abọm ahụ nke aha ya bụ The Unstoppable International Edition na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ese ''ihe'' na Naijiria mbụ nwere abọm mba ụwa dị ọnụ ala. 2face wepụtara egwu abụọ ọzọ site na ''mbipụta mba'' ụwa nke abọm ya The Unstop pable.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/sat/index.php/entertainment-extra/1108-tuface-checks-piracy-with-classy-album-price.html|title=TuFace Checks Piracy With Classy Album Price|publisher=tribune.com.ng|accessdate=9 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130322200436/http://www.tribune.com.ng/sat/index.php/entertainment-extra/1108-tuface-checks-piracy-with-classy-album-price.html|archivedate=22 March 2013}}</ref><ref name="Welcome">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bellanaija.com/2011/04/28/watch-2face-idibias-bet-international-welcome-to-america-interview-with-lola-ogunnaike|title=2Face Idibia's BET International "Welcome to America" Interview|publisher=Bellanaija.com|date=27 April 2011|accessdate=7 March 2012}}</ref> Mbipụta mba ụwa nke abọm ahụ meriri ihe nrite abụọ na 2010 SoundCity Music Video Awards. 2Baba merikwara Channel O Music Video Awards, Best African Western award na MTV Africa Music Awards maka Best Male and Artist of the year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thenetng.com/2010/11/22/soundcity-music-video-awards-2010-the-winners-circle/|title=Soundcity Music Video Awards 2010 – The Winner's Circle.|publisher=thenetng.com|date=22 November 2010|accessdate=9 March 2012|archivedate=4 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304162542/http://www.thenetng.com/2010/11/22/soundcity-music-video-awards-2010-the-winners-circle/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.museke.com/node/7071|title=Fally Ipupa & Tuface Idibia lead MTV Africa Music Awards winners 2010|publisher=museke.com|date=12 December 2010|accessdate=9 April 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823191649/http://www.museke.com/node/7071|archivedate=23 August 2011}}</ref> Mgbe ọ hapụrụ akara egwu Kennis Music mgbe a tọhapụrụ abọm nke abụọ ya, o guzobere akara ndekọ nke ya nke a maara dị ka Hypertek Digital.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigerianewsdaily.com/nigerianewsentertainment/nigerianewsmusic/12942-tuface-idibia-opens-up-on-the-sucess-story-of-his-hit-track-african-queen--why-he-left-kennis-music.html|title=Tuface Idibia opens up on why he left Kennis music|publisher=Nigerianewsdaily.com|date=28 October 2011|accessdate=9 March 2012|archivedate=16 September 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150916023514/http://www.nigerianewsdaily.com/nigerianewsentertainment/nigerianewsmusic/12942-tuface-idibia-opens-up-on-the-sucess-story-of-his-hit-track-african-queen--why-he-left-kennis-music.html}}</ref> Ọ bụ akụkụ nke Sony All African One8 Project n'akụkụ ndị egwu asaa ndị ọzọ gafee Africa na-edekọ otu egwu na R. Kelly na Prince Lee nke akpọrọ "Hands Across the World".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rnbmusicblog.com/hands-across-the-world-video-one8-r-kelly/17936/|title=Hands Across The World Video – ONE8 with R. Kelly|publisher=Rnbmusicblog.com|date=19 November 2010|accessdate=9 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616081256/http://www.rnbmusicblog.com/hands-across-the-world-video-one8-r-kelly/17936/|archivedate=16 June 2012}}</ref> == Nkwekọrịta nkwado == 2Baba, n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2016, ghọrọ onye nnọchi anya Afrịka mbụ nke mmanya na-aba n'anya nke Ịtali Campari.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-04-22|title=2Face, Annie Idibia bag new endorsement deal|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2016/04/2face-annie-idibia-bag-new-endorsement-deal/|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/11614/6/endorsement-deals-new-income-source-for-celebritie.html|title=Endorsement deals: New income source for celebrities|author=Nonye Ben-Nwankwo|accessdate=9 March 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141210084933/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/11614/6/endorsement-deals-new-income-source-for-celebritie.html|archivedate=10 December 2014}}</ref> N'afọ 2005, a kpọrọ aha ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya biya Guinness.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-09-18|title=2Face Idibia: Ten Most Iconic Moments|url=https://guardian.ng/life/life-features/2face-idibia-ten-of-his-most-iconic-moments/|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-08-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828185201/https://guardian.ng/life/life-features/2face-idibia-ten-of-his-most-iconic-moments/}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye nnọchi anya akara maka "National Agency for Food and Drug And Administration and Control". <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2011/11/23/2face-idibia-nicks-deals-with-nb-plc/|title=2Face Idibia Nicks Deals With NB Plc – P.M. NEWS Nigeria|accessdate=9 March 2015|date=23 November 2011}}</ref> N'afọ 2010, 2Baba bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta nkwado na Airtel Nigeria.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-06-15|title=2 Face, IK, Akpororo, others now Airtel brand ambassadors|url=https://guardian.ng/features/media/2-face-ik-akpororo-others-now-airtel-brand-ambassadors/|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2021-08-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828194615/https://guardian.ng/features/media/2-face-ik-akpororo-others-now-airtel-brand-ambassadors/}}</ref> Mgbe nkwekọrịta ya na Airtel gwụrụ, ọ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta nkwado ọhụrụ na Globacom telecommunication na Mee 2019. 2Baba ghọrọ onye nnọchi anya Pazino Homes and Gardens, ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ, na Julaị 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-05-23|title=2face dumps Airtel, becomes Glo ambassador|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/05/2face-dumps-airtel-becomes-glo-ambassador/|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-03|title=2Baba lands endorsement deal with real estate firm|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/07/2baba-lands-endorsement-deal-with-real-estate-firm/|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> A họọrọ Tuface n'akụkụ Wizkid dị ka ihu nke oge nka Hennessy na 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-10-13|title=2Face, Wizkid in first collabo as Hennessy Artistry goes to Ghana|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/10/2face-wizkid-first-collabo-hennessy-artistry-goes-ghana/|accessdate=2021-08-28|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> Na afọ 2019, 2Baba ghọrọ onye nnọchi anya mbụ na nke gọọmentị maka Oraimo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/10/04/oraimo-unveils-2face-as-brand-ambassador-launches-310-hours-battery-life-necklace/|title=oraimo Unveils 2Face as Brand Ambassador, Launches 310 Hours Battery Life Necklace|date=2019-10-04|work=[[This Day]]|accessdate=2021-02-24}}</ref> 2Baba bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta nkwado ya na akara ala, ụlọ pazino na ogige dị ka ọ bụ onye nnọchi anya akara ugbu a.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-03|title=2Baba lands endorsement deal with real estate firm|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/07/2baba-lands-endorsement-deal-with-real-estate-firm/|accessdate=2022-03-21|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Egwuregwu otuto kpakpando niile e mere ka ha nwee obi ụtọ == The FORTYfied All-Star Tribute Concert, nke a na-akpọ #FORTYfied, bụ ihe ngosi ụtụ kpakpando niile nke 2Baba haziri iji mee emume ncheta ọmụmụ ya nke afọ 40 na mmetụta na egwu nke Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thenationonlineng.net/star-celebrates-2face-at-40/|title=STAR CELEBRATES 2FACE AT 40|work=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]|date=18 September 2015|accessdate=21 September 2015}}</ref> N'ịbụ nke [[Basketmouth]] kwadoro, emere egwu STAR Lager Beer na 20 Septemba 2015 na Eko Hotel and Suites Convention Centre.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/09/star-to-celebrate-2face-at-40-with-all-star-tribute-concert/|title=STAR to Celebrate 2Face at 40 With All-Star Tribute Concert|work=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|date=17 September 2015|accessdate=21 September 2015}}</ref> Ndị isi na-abịa na kọntaktị ahụ ma gosipụta ihe ngosi sitere n'aka ndị egwu ama ama gụnyere [[Wizkid]], Burna Boy, [[Timaya]], [[D'banj]], [[Sound Sultan]], Patoranking, Vector tha Viper, [[Wande Coal]] na Seyi Shay.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://pulse.ng/buzz/2face-idibia-singer-announces-concert-to-mark-40th-birthday-id4148177.html|title=Singer announces concert to mark 40th birthday|work=Pulse Nigeria|author=Joey Akan|date=8 September 2015|accessdate=21 September 2015|archive-date=18 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150918010739/http://pulse.ng/buzz/2face-idibia-singer-announces-concert-to-mark-40th-birthday-id4148177.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye nwe Buckwyld na Breathless concert.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2017/09/started-buckwyld-breathless-concert-2face-idibia/|title=Why I started Buckwyld & Breathless concert – 2face Idibia – Vanguard News|date=24 September 2017|work=Vanguard News|accessdate=23 January 2018}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye na alụmdi na nwunye == 2Baba lụrụ onye Naijiria na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri, ihe nlereanya na onye ọchụnta ego [[Annie Macaulay-Idibia|Annie Idibia]] (née Macauley). Na 2 Mee 2012, 2Baba na [[Annie Macaulay-Idibia|Annie Macaulay]] lụrụ na [[Lagos]], Nigeria n'ememe nzuzo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenetng.com/2012/05/04/2face-Idibia-and-Annie-Macaulay-wed-secretly|title=2face Idibia and Annie Macaulay wed secretly|publisher=thenetng.com|date=4 May 2012|accessdate=4 May 2012|archivedate=7 May 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507035806/http://thenetng.com/2012/05/04/2face-idibia-and-annie-macaulay-wed-secretly}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/arts-life/annie-anointed-queen-of-a-shooting-star|title=Annie, anointed queen of a shooting star|publisher=punchng.com|date=17 February 2012|accessdate=3 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229124315/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/arts-life/annie-anointed-queen-of-a-shooting-star/|archivedate=29 February 2012}}</ref> E mekwara emume obodo na Dubai, UAE na 23 Machị 2013 ma nwee ọtụtụ ndị ama ama.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.360nobs.com/2013/03/the-venues-tuface-idibia-and-annie-macaulays-dubai-wedding/|title=The Venues: Tuface Idibia and Annie Macaulay's Dubai Wedding|date=23 March 2013|accessdate=26 August 2022|archivedate=17 September 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200917002700/https://www.360nobs.com/2013/03/the-venues-tuface-idibia-and-annie-macaulays-dubai-wedding/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/relationships-weddings/2face-annie-idibia-10-cutest-couple-moments-of-singer-and-wife-as-they-mark-3rd/e2j5mj8|title=10 cutest couple moments of singer and wife as they mark 3rd wedding anniversary|date=23 March 2016|accessdate=26 August 2022|archivedate=20 August 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820120024/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/relationships-weddings/2face-annie-idibia-10-cutest-couple-moments-of-singer-and-wife-as-they-mark-3rd/e2j5mj8}}</ref> Di na nwunye a ma ama bụ nne na nna ụmụ nwanyị abụọ: Olivia Idibia na Isabella Idibia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Viral Archives|url=https://www.ngnews247.com/topic/viral/|accessdate=2022-08-02|work=NGNews247|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-08-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826045529/https://www.ngnews247.com/topic/viral/}}</ref> Mgbe ya na enyi nwanyị ya n'oge ahụ bụ Annie Macaulayīdibia, 2Baba mụrụ ụmụ abụọ na Sumbo Ajala na atọ na Pero Adeniyi. 2face nwere ngụkọta nke ụmụ asaa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.guardian.ng/life/2face-idibia-reveals-having-many-baby-mamas-almost-sent-him-into-depression/|title=2Face Idibia Reveals Having Many Baby Mamas Almost Sent Him into Depression|date=8 December 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.informationng.com/2015/09/2face-idibia-at-40-meet-the-7-children-of-2face.html|title=2face Idibia at 40: Meet the 7 Children of 2face|date=25 September 2015}}</ref> 2Baba lanarịrị ihe omume ndị fọrọ nke nta ka ọ nwụọ, gụnyere ịgba égbè site na ohi na nso Oshodi, Lagos.<ref name="Welcome"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nigeriavillagesquare.com/articles/ahaoma-kanu/tuface-idibia-recuperating-and-fine.-with-exclusive-pict.html|title=Tuface Idibia recuperating and fine|publisher=nigeriavillagesquare.com|date=9 October 2007|accessdate=9 April 2012|archivedate=9 January 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090109151502/http://www.nigeriavillagesquare.com/articles/ahaoma-kanu/tuface-idibia-recuperating-and-fine.-with-exclusive-pict.html}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} nfzvx33r4lg1yq2satb6cigyy32lrpu 0 20585 729912 182009 2026-10-02T00:32:32Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729912 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Akinbode Oluwafemi|occupation=[[Nigerian]] [[environmental]] [[activist]].Social justice campaigner and [[tobacco control]] advocate.|notable_works=He was the Deputy Director of Environmental Rights Action/Friends of the Earth Nigeria (ERA/FoEN).}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {{Databox}} '''Akinbode Oluwafemi''' bụ [[Ndị Naijiria|onye Naijiria]] na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi, onye na-eme mkpọsa ikpe ziri ezi na onye na-akwado nchịkwa ụtaba. Ọ bụ osote onye nduzi nke Environmental Rights Action/Friends of the Earth Nigeria (ERA/FoEN).<ref name="Today NG">{{Cite news|author=Olafimihan|first=Kolawale|title=Investigate and sanction BAT appropriately – ERA/FoEN tells FG|url=https://www.today.ng/news/national/115159/sanction-bat-appropriately-erafoen|accessdate=15 August 2016|publisher=Today Nigeria Newspaper|date=May 2, 2016}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye natara 2009 Bloomberg Awards maka Global Tobacco Control. E mere emume mmeri ahụ na 14th World Conference on Tobacco or Health nke emere na Mumbai, [[Ndia|India]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=14th World Conference on Tobacco or Health {{!}} ENWHP|url=https://www.enwhp.org/;?i=portal.en.events.527|accessdate=2022-02-26|work=www.enwhp.org}}</ref><ref name="The Hindu">{{Cite news|author=Staff Reporter|title=Bloomberg awards announced|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/bloomberg-awards-announced/article327865.ece|accessdate=15 August 2016|publisher=The Hindu Newspaper|date=March 10, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161106152419/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/bloomberg-awards-announced/article327865.ece|archive-date=6 November 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye isi nchịkwa na Corporate Accountability and Public Participation Africa (CAPPA) [https://cappaafrica.org/ CAPPA], ebe o nwere ihe karịrị afọ iri abụọ na-ahụ maka nhazi obodo, nkwado iwu na iwulite njikọ siri ike. == Ebensidee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ns4l4t0cqntise9a9tjwtfqdlcke5ha 0 24915 729790 724903 2026-10-01T12:15:58Z Chijioke2010 62489 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365130820|2020 African Sahel floods]]" 729790 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  N'afọ 2020 niile, idei mmiri metụtara nde mmadụ 2.7 na mba 18 dị na West na Central [[Afrịka]] ma bibie ụlọ 197,000, ọtụtụ mpaghara na-edekọ mmiri ozuzo karịrị akarị. Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị idei mmiri metụtara n'afọ a bụ ihe karịrị okpukpu abụọ karịa nke ahụ mere na 2019. Karịsịa site n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ ruo Septemba 2020, ihe karịrị nde mmadụ 1.21 nọ n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ na Central Africa nwere mmetụta site na idei mmiri gafee Africa n'ihi oke mmiri ozuzo karịa oge mmiri ozuzo. Idei mmiri ahụ mere na 2020 bibiri 422,000 hekta nke ala ugbo, nke mere ka e bibie ihe ọkụkụ na ubi, na-eyi ndụ nke obodo ndị ọtụtụ n'ime ha dabere na ọrụ ugbo egwu. Ndị nọ n'ógbè a enweela nsogbu n'ihi enweghị nri, ya mere nnukwu idei mmiri ahụ mere ka ọnọdụ ndụ ha ka njọ. Ihe na-eyi mpaghara Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, Ọdịda Anyanwụ na Central Africa egwu n'afọ a abụghị naanị idei mmiri na-aga n'ihu kamakwa ọrịa COVID-19 na ọrịa [[Nje ọrịa Ebola|Ebola]] na Democratic Republic of Congo. Ụlọ ọrụ United Nations maka nhazi nke Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) dọrọ aka ná ntị na idei mmiri nwekwara ike ịbawanye ọrịa ndị na-ebute mmiri, mmetụta ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha, ma belata ikike itinye usoro mgbochi dị irè megide COVID-19. <ref name=":0" /> == Mmetụta == Idei mmiri ahụ mebiri ihe onwunwe nke ukwuu, ọbụnakwa ndụ nwụnahụrụ. Idei mmiri emetụtala ọtụtụ puku mmadụ. Ọtụtụ ụlọ ejirila idei mmiri kpochapụ. '''[[Burkina Faso]]''' N'ihi nnukwu mmiri ozuzo site n'August 30 ruo Septemba 4, mmadụ atọ nwụrụ na Burkina Faso. '''[[Kameroon|Cameroon]]''' Nnukwu mmiri ozuzo na August 21, 2020, bibiri Douala, obodo akụ na ụba nke Cameroon, ma mebie akụrụngwa akụ na ụba ya. Na mgbakwunye, ọtụtụ narị ụlọ mebiri emebi nke mere ka ihe dị ka ezinụlọ 900 pụọ. Ihe karịrị 26,000 hekta nke ihe ọkụkụ emebiwo na ehi 12,996 anwụọla na mba niile. '''[[Chad]]''' Mmiri ozuzo n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2020 na Chad chụpụrụ ihe karịrị mmadụ 120,000 gụnyere 32,000 na isi obodo ya, N'N"Djamena. Dị ka International Organization for Migration (IOM) si kwuo, na mpaghara Lake, mmiri ozuzo n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2020 dekọrọ nke kachasị elu n'ime afọ 30. '''[[Ghana]]''' Na mpaghara '''ugwu na ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Ghana''', iju mmiri ahụ gburu mmadụ '''4''' n’ọnwa '''Ọgọst 2020''', ma bibie '''akụrụngwa na ala ubi'''. '''[[Kenya]]''' N'ihi idei mmiri nke [[Ọdọ Mmiri Turkana]] dị n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Kenya, ọ dịkarịa ala ezinụlọ 1,000 hapụrụ. Na mpaghara Western Kenya, idei mmiri ahụ n'ọnwa Eprel 2020 manyere ihe dị ka ezinụlọ 400 ịkwaga, ya mere idei mmiri nke Ọgọst mere ka ọnọdụ ahụ ka njọ na Kenya. '''[[Mali]]''' Na Mali, idei mmiri ahụ malitere na Julaị 2020. O metụtara ihe karịrị mmadụ 10,000 ma bibie ụlọ 1,160 n'ozuzu. Ọnụ ọgụgụ na-arịwanye elu nke ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ nwere ike ịkpata ụkọ ihe enyemaka. '''[[Niger]]''' Oké mmiri ozuzo na idei mmiri dakwasịrị Niger site na August 23, 2020, nke mere ka ngụkọta nke ezinụlọ 2,283 (ihe dị ka mmadụ 15,981) emetụtala ọtụtụ n'ime ha ma gbaba n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ezinụlọ ndị na-anabata na mpaghara asatọ n'ihi ịrị elu mmiri nke Osimiri Niger. '''[[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]''' Nnukwu mmiri ozuzo dakwasịrị n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ na n'ebeebe ugwu etiti Naịjirịa site n'August 3 ruo August 9, 2020, na-akpata ọnwụ mmadụ 4, 15,000. Tụkwasị na nke a, n'ihi esemokwu dị ogologo n'etiti agbụrụ na asụsụ dị n'ógbè ahụ, tinyere ọtụtụ mwakpo nke ndị omempụ, mwakpo ndị ọhụrụ emetụtala mmadụ 3,552 ọzọ, gụnyere mmerụ ahụ 153 na ọnwụ 40. '''[[South Sudan]]''' N'ihi idei mmiri nke [[Naịl Ọcha|White Nile]], ihe karịrị mmadụ 200,000 agbaala ọsọ ma ọtụtụ puku ụlọ emebiwo, tinyere ihe ọkụkụ na anụ ụlọ. N'ebe ugwu nke White Nile, idei mmiri ahụ metụtara ihe dị ka mmadụ 30,000. '''[[Sudan]]''' N'oge mmiri ozuzo na 2020, ọ dịkarịa ala mmadụ 84 nwụrụ, nnukwu mmiri ozuzo metụtara 381,770 na steeti 17 n'ime steeti 18 dị na Sudan. Ihe karịrị ụlọ 37,000 emebiwo, na-amanye ọtụtụ n'ime ezinụlọ ndị metụtara ịchọ ebe obibi na ndị ikwu na obodo ndị na-anabata. Na mgbakwunye, ụlọ 39,000 ụlọ akwụkwọ 34, na ụlọ ọgwụ 2,671 emebiwo. '''[[Uganda]]''' Dị ka gọọmentị Uganda si kwuo, nnukwu mmiri ozuzo ahụ mere n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2020 mere ka mmiri na-arị elu na Lake Albert na Lake Kyoga, nke chụpụrụ ihe karịrị mmadụ 8,700 na mpaghara Buliisa, Nakasongola na Amolatar. N'etiti idei mmiri a, Red Cross nke Uganda dọrọ aka ná ntị banyere ịdị ọcha na ọnọdụ ịdị ọcha ka njọ. == Nzaghachi mba ụwa == N’ihi mkpa ngwa ngwa maka '''ihe enyemaka mmadụ''', òtù dị iche iche nke obodo na nke mba ụwa mere nzaghachi ozugbo. Ndị a gụnyere '''ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka nchekwa obodo na njikwa ọdachi''', '''òtù Red Cross nke mba dị iche iche''', '''NGO''', na '''òtù ndị obodo'''. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, '''Solidarités International''' rụkọrọ ọrụ ozugbo na òtù ndị dị na mba dịka '''South Sudan na Cameroon''' iji nye '''akụrụngwa mmiri''', yana '''ngwa ịdị ọcha na idebe gburugburu ọcha'''. Ọzọkwa, '''Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF)''' nyere '''Niger US$5 nde''' maka enyemaka. '''European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations (ECHO)''' kwadoro nzaghachi maka iju mmiri na '''mba 8''' dị na mpaghara ahụ, site n’itinye ngụkọta '''US$2.7 nde''', ma na-enyekwa aka igbo mkpa ngwa ngwa nke '''ndị kachasị nwee nsogbu na ndị a chụpụrụ n’ebe obibi ha'''. == Ihe odide == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  {{2020 floods}}{{Floods in Africa}} [[Otú:Septemba 2020 na Africa.]] [[Otú:Ọgọst 2020 na Africa]] [[Otú:Sahel]] [[Otú:Ọdachi ndị sitere n’okike na Tunisia]] [[Otú:Ọdachi ndị mere na Tunisia n’afọ 2020]] [[Otú:Iju mmiri na Sudan]] [[Otú:Ọdachi ndị mere na Sudan n’afọ ndị 2020]] [[Otú:Afọ 2020 na Sudan]] [[Otú:Iju mmiri na Naịjirịa]] [[Otú:Ọdachi ndị mere na Naịjirịa n’afọ 2020]] [[Otú:Ọdachi ndị sitere n’okike na Niger]] [[Otú:Afọ 2020 na Niger]] [[Otú:Ọdachi ndị mere na Mali]] [[Otú:Ọdachi ndị mere na Mali n’afọ 2020]] [[Otú:Iju mmiri na Ghana]] [[Otú:Dachi ndị mere na Ghana n’ime narị afọ nke 21]] [[Otú:Afọ 2020 na Ghana]] [[Otú:Ọdachi ndị mere na Republic of the Congo n’ime narị afọ nke 21]] [[Otú:Afọ 2020 na Republic of the Congo]] [[Otú:Ọdachi ndị sitere n’okike na Chad]] [[Otú:Afọ 2020 na Chad]] [[Otú:Ọdachi ndị sitere n’okike na Cameroon]] [[Otú:Afọ 2020 na Cameroon]] [[Otú:Ọdachi ndị sitere n’okike na Burkina Faso]] [[Otú:Iju mmiri ndị mere na Africa n’afọ 2020]] [[Otú:Peeji ndị na-eji infobox mapframe mana enweghị nhazi ebe (coordinates)]] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 909i7t6yzilj4xz2trm72kcbr5rxsme 0 25535 729920 205880 2026-10-02T03:19:19Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729920 wikitext text/x-wiki '''American Association of Veterinary Parasitologists''' bụ òtù ọkachamara maka parasitology anụmanụ. N'agbanyeghị aha ahụ, ọ na-ejere [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]] na [[Kánada|Canada]] ozi na obere ụwa dum.<ref name="about">{{Cite web|title=About the AAVP (new 2)|work=American Association of Veterinary Parasitologists|date=2010-01-01|url=http://www.aavp.org/about-the-aavp-2-2/|accessdate=2022-02-25|archivedate=2021-12-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208131143/https://www.aavp.org/about-the-aavp-2-2/}}</ref> AAVP na-ejikọ ndị na-ahụ maka ọrịa anụmanụ na ibe ha ma na-enye ndụmọdụ maka nyocha na ụzọ omume.<ref name="Bliss-et-al-2008">{{Cite journal|author=Bliss|first=Donald H.|title=Parasite Resistance in US Cattle|journal=American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference|date=2008-09-25|issn=1079-9737|doi=10.21423/aabppro20084377|pages=109–114}}</ref><ref name="TNgovVetBoard">{{Cite web|title=Continuing Education|work=[[Government of Tennessee]]|date=2017-10-09|url=http://www.tn.gov/health/health-program-areas/health-professional-boards/veterinary-board/vet-board/continuing-education.html|accessdate=2022-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225195639/https://www.tn.gov/health/health-program-areas/health-professional-boards/veterinary-board/vet-board/continuing-education.html|archive-date=2022-02-25|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Ballweber-et-al-2014">{{Cite journal|author=Ballweber|first=L.R.|title=American Association of Veterinary Parasitologists' review of veterinary fecal flotation methods and factors influencing their accuracy and use—Is there really one best technique?|journal=[[Veterinary Parasitology (journal)|Veterinary Parasitology]]|volume=204|issue=1–2|year=2014|issn=0304-4017|doi=10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.05.009|pages=73–80|pmid=24893692}}</ref><ref name="Stromberg-2002">{{Cite journal|author=Stromberg|first=Bert E.|title=Teaching veterinary parasitology: the North American perspective|journal=[[Veterinary Parasitology (journal)|Veterinary Parasitology]]|volume=108|issue=4|year=2002|issn=0304-4017|doi=10.1016/s0304-4017(02)00232-7|pages=327–331|pmid=12354462}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ akụkọ == Dịka akụkụ nke ọrụ mmepe ọkachamara na agụmakwụkwọ AAVP na-ebipụta: * Anụmanụ Parasitology na Elsevier<ref name="VeterinaryParasitology">{{Cite web|title=Veterinary Parasitology - Journal|work=[[ScienceDirect]].com by Elsevier|date=2022-02-24|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/veterinary-parasitology|accessdate=2022-02-25}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} 5xq9ysc73i8aqogq1wv9eiw3kblnwkh 0 25578 729848 707276 2026-10-01T15:10:35Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729848 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Global_CO2_emissions_and_probabilistic_temperature_outcomes_of_Paris.png|thumb|500x500px|Mgbasa CO2 zuru ụwa ọnụ na nsonaazụ okpomọkụ nke iwu dị iche iche]] '''Ọnọdụ mgbanwe ihu igwe''' ma ọ bụ '''ọnọdụ mmekọrịta''' mmadụ na ibe ya bụ atụmatụ nké ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ (GHG) n'ọdịnihu nke ndị nyocha ji nyochaa nsogbu ọdịnihu na mgbanwe ihu ígwé.<ref>{{Cite web|year=2001|title=Developing and Applying Scenarios. In: Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [J.J. McCarthy ''et al.'' Eds.]|publisher=Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., and New York, N.Y., U.S.A.|author=Carter, T.R.|url=http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_and_data_reports.htm|accessdate=2010-01-10|archivedate=2018-10-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005032403/http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_and_data_reports.htm}}</ref> Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-emepụta ihe nkiri na ụzọ iji nyochaa ụzọ ọ bụla na-adịte aka ma nyochaa ịdị irè nke ibelata ma nyéré anyị aka ịghọta ihe ọdịnihu nwéré ike ijide nke a ga-eme ka anyị chee ọdịnihu nke usoro gbụrụ-gbúrụ ébé obibi mmadụ.<ref name="ipccar6wg3ch3">{{Cite web|title=IPCC AR6 WG3 Ch3|url=https://report.ipcc.ch/ar6wg3/pdf/IPCC_AR6_WGIII_FinalDraft_Chapter03.pdf|accessdate=2023-04-20|archivedate=2022-12-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204095545/https://report.ipcc.ch/ar6wg3/pdf/IPCC_AR6_WGIII_FinalDraft_Chapter03.pdf}}</ref><ref name="ipccar6wg3ch3" /> Ịmepụta ihe omume chọrọ atụmatụ nke ọkwa ndị mmadụ n'ọdịnihu, ọrụ akụ na ụba, usoro ọchịchị, ụkpụrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na usoro mgbanwe teknụzụ. Enwèrè ike iji ihe nlereanya akụ na ụba na ike (dị ka ụdị World3 ma ọ bụ POLES) nyochaa ma chọpụta mmetụta nkè ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala dị otú ahụ. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nwèrè ike ịmepụta ọnọdụ mgbanwe ihu igwe dị íchè íchè nke mba ụwa, mpaghara na mba. A na-eme ihe omume ndị a iji nyere ndị nwèrè mmasị áká ịghọta ụdị mkpebi ga-enwe mmetụta bara uru na mbelata mgbanwe ihu igwe ma ọ bụ mgbanwe. Ọtụtụ mba na-eme atụmatụ mgbanwe ma ọ bụ Onyinye Mba ga-enye ọrụ nyocha ihe omume iji ghọtakwuo mkpebi ha nwèrè. [[Ihe mgbaru ọsọ mmepe na-adịgide adịgide 13|Ihe mgbaru ọsọ]] mba ụwa màkà ibelata mgbanwe ihu igwe site na usoro mba ụwa dị ka Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Paris Agreement na Sustainable Development Goal 13 ("Were ihe ngwa ngwa iji lụso mgbanwe ihu igwe na mmetụta ya ọgụ") dabere na nyocha nkè ihe omume ndị a. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a tọhapụrụ Akụkọ Pụrụ Iche na Global Warming nke 1.5 °C n'afọ 2018 iji gosipụta ụdị mmepe nke ikuku, Onyinye Mba, na mmetụta nkè mgbanwe ihu ígwé karịa ónyé bu ya ụzọ IPCC Fifth Assessment Report bipụtara n'afọ 2014 tupu nkwekọrịta Paris. == Ihe omume nke mgbasa ozi == === Ọnọdụ ọdịnihu zuru ụwa ọnụ === Enwèrè ike íchè echiche banyéré ihe omume ndị a dị ka akụkọ banyéré ọdịnihu nwéré ike ime. Ha na-enye ohere nkọwa nke ihe ndị siri ike ịkọwa, dị ka ọchịchị, usoro mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, na ụlọ ọrụ. Morita et al. nyochara akwụkwọ gbásárá ọdịnihu ụwa.<ref name="morita">{{Cite web|year=2001|title=Greenhouse Gas Emission Mitigation Scenarios and Implications. In: Climate Change 2001: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [B. Metz ''et al''. Eds.]|publisher=Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., and New York, N.Y., U.S.A.|author=Morita, T.|url=http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_and_data_reports.htm|accessdate=2010-01-10|archivedate=2018-10-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005032403/http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_and_data_reports.htm}}</ref> Ha chọtara ọtụtụ ihe dị íchè íchè n'etiti ihe omume, site na ụdị dị íchè íchè nke mmepe na-adịgide adịgide, na ọdịda nke usoro mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, akụ na ụba, na gbụrụ-gbúrụ eb ébée obibi. N'ọtụtụ ọmụmụ, a chọtara mmekọrịta ndị a: * Rising '''GHGs''': A na-ejikọta nke a na ọnọdụ ndị nwéré akụ na ụba na-eto eto, nke na-esote ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ijikọ ụwa ọnụ, nke ka ukwuu na ntinye aka gọọmentị dị ala na ọkwa dị elu nke asọmpi. Ịha nhata ego na-ebelata n'ime mba, mànà enweghị usoro doro anyá na ikpe ziri ezi ma ọ bụ ịha nhata mba ụwa. * '''GHGs na-ada''': N'ime ọtụtụ n'ime ọnọdụ ndị a, GDP rịrị elu. Ihe omume ndị ọzọ gosipụtara ọrụ akụ na ụba na-ejedebe na ọkwa na-adịgide adịgide. Ihe omume ndị na-adaba na ikuku nwèrè ọkwa dị elu nke gọọmentị na akụ na ụba. Ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ihe omume gosipụtara mmụba nke ikpe ziri ezi na ịha nhata n'ime na n'etiti mba. === Ihe ndị dị na ya === A na-eji ihe omume ndabere eme ihe dị ka ihe atụ màkà iji ya tụnyere ihe omume ọzọ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe omume mgbochi.<ref name="glossary">{{Cite web|date=2007c|title=Annex. In: Climate Change 2007: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [B. Metz ''et al''. Eds.]|publisher=Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., and New York, N.Y., U.S.A.|author=IPCC|url=http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_and_data_reports.htm|accessdate=2009-05-20|archivedate=2018-10-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005032403/http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_and_data_reports.htm}}</ref> N'ịtụle akwụkwọ akụkọ, Fisher et al., achọpụtara ''na'' atụmatụ CO2 na-ekpuchi ọtụtụ ihe. Na United States, ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik na-ewepụta ihe dị ka ijeri tọn carbon dioxide (CO) 2.4 kwà afọ, ma ọ bụ ihe dịka pasent irí ano nkè ngụkọta ikuku nkè mba ahụ. EPA emeela ihe mbụ dị mkpa site na ịtọ ụkpụrụ nké ga-ebelata mmetọ carbon site na ụgbọala na gwongworo ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọkara site n'afo 2025 na site na ịtụ aro ụkpụrụ iji belata mmetor carbon site na ụlọ ọrụ ike ọhụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Using the Clean Air Act to Sharply Reduce Carbon Pollution from Existing Power Plants|url=http://www.nrdc.org/air/pollution-standards/|publisher=Natural Resources Defense Counsel|accessdate=October 9, 2013}}</ref> == Nkọwapụta nke ọnụọgụ ikuku == E mepụtara ọtụtụ atụmatụ nkè gas na-ekpo ọkụ. Ihe omume "SRES" bụ ihe omume "baseline" Nké ikuku (ya bụ, ha na-eche na ọ dịghị mgbalị a na-eme n'ọdịnihu iji belata ikuku), a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na akwụkwọ sayensị (lee Special Report on Emissions Scenarios màkà nkọwa).<ref> {{Citation|pages=etal}} </ref> Greenhouse gas #Projections chịkọtara atụmatụ ''n'afọ'' 2030, dịka Rogner et al nyochara. A na-egosi ọmụmụ ihe ndị ọzọ ébé a. Ihe dị n'etiti nkè mbipụta nkè International Energy Agency World Energy Outlook ''2011'' na-atụ aro mmụba na-aga n'ihu na ikuku CO2 metụtara ike zuru ụwa ọnụ, na ikuku ruru 36.4 Gt n'afọ 2035. Nké a bụ mmụba pasenti iri abụọ na ikuku na-esi n'ụgbọ mmiri apụta ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọkwa afọ 2010.<ref name="weo 2011 emission projections" /> === UNEP 2011 akụkọ nchịkọta === The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP, afọ 2011): 7 lere anya n'otú ikuku ikuku ụwa nwèrè ike isi melite ruo n'afọ 2020 dabere na mkpebi iwu dị iche iche.<ref name="Bridging the Emissions Gap" /> Iji mepụta akụkọ ha, UNEP (2011): 8 kpọkọtara ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na ndị ọkachamara irí ise na isé sitere na ìgwè sayensị iri abụo na asatọ gafee mba iri na ise. Atụmatụ, na-eche na ọ dịghị mgbalị ọhụrụ iji belata ikuku ma ọ bụ dabere na "azụmahịa-dị ka ọ na-adịkarị", tụrụ aro ikuku zuru ụwa ọnụ n'afọ 2020 nke irí ise na isii gigatonnes CO2-equivalent (GtCO2-eq), na ọnụọgụ nke 55-59 GtCO2-e: 12 N'ịnakwere ntọala dị íchè ébé nkwa ndị a na Copenhagen Accord zutere n'ụdị ha kachasị elu, ikuku zuru ụwa niile a na-atụ anya n'afọ 2020 ka ga-eru iri ise gigatonnesCO2.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Climate Change Public Expenditure and Institutional Review Sourcebook (CCPEIR)|author=Fozzard|first=Adrian|publisher=World Bank Publications|year=2014|location=Washington, D.C.|pages=92}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Routledge Handbook of International Environmental Law|author=Alam|first=Shawkat|publisher=Routledge|year=2013|isbn=9780415687171|location=London|pages=373}}</ref> Na-aga n'ihu na omume dị ugbu a, ọkachasị n'ihe gbasara ụdị ọchịchọ dị ala, a na-atụ anya mmụba nke okpomọkụ Celsius atọ na njedebe nke narị afọ, nke a na-eme atụmatụ na ọ ga-eweta nnukwu gbụrụ-gbúrụ ébé obibi, akụ na ụba, na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.<ref>{{Cite book|title=EU Management of Global Emergencies: Legal Framework for Combating Threats and Crises|url=https://archive.org/details/eumanagementofgl0008unse|author=Govaere|first=Inge|publisher=BRILL Nijhoff|year=2014|isbn=9789004268326|location=Leiden|pages=[https://archive.org/details/eumanagementofgl0008unse/page/313 313]}}</ref> Dịka ọmụmaatụ, okpomọkụ ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ na evapotranspiration na-esi na ya apụta nwéré ike iduga na égbè eluigwe ka ukwuu na ihe ize ndụ ka ukwuu site na idei mmiri.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Climate Change in Developing Countries: Results from the Netherlands Climate Change Studies Assistance Programme|url=https://archive.org/details/climatechangeind0000unse_r2k6|author=van Drunen|first=M.A.|publisher=CAB International|year=2006|isbn=9781845930776|location=Cambridge, MA|pages=[https://archive.org/details/climatechangeind0000unse_r2k6/page/52 52]}}</ref> == Ọnọdụ ihu igwe nke mba (mgbanwe) == Ntụle ihu ígwé nkè mba (mgbanwe) (nkè a na-akpọkwa "ihe omume ihu ígwé nke obodo" ma ọ bụ "nnyocha ihu igwe nke afọ") bụ atụmatụ ihu ígwé pụrụ íchè nke mpaghara, nke mba dị íchè iche na-emepụta. Ihe na-eme ka ọdịiche dị n'etiti atụmatụ ihu igwe nke mba na atụmatụ ihu igwe ndị ọzọ bụ na gọọmentị ''mba'' ahụ bịanyere áká na ha, si otú a bụrụ ihe ndabere dị mkpa màkà atụmatụ mgbanwe. A na-emepụta atụmatụ ihu igwe n'ime ọtụtụ afọ site na ọrụ ihu igwe nke mba ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ na mgbanwe ihu igwe. === Ebumnuche === Atụmatụ ihu ígwé nke mba na-egosi mgbanwe ndị kwere omume na ihu igwe mba n'ọdịnihu. Site n'iji ọtụtụ ihe omume ikuku, atụmatụ ndị a na-eme ka mmetụta dị íchè íchè nkè mgbalị ndị na-ebelata ụwa dị íchè íchè nwèrè na mgbanwe, gụnyere okpomọkụ, mmiri ozuzo, na awa anwụ na-achasi ike. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ahụ màkà ihu igwe na-atụ aro iji ọtụtụ ihe omume ikuku iji hụ na mkpebi siri ike na mgbanwe ihu igwe dị íchè íchè. Atụmatụ ihu ígwé nke mba bụ ihe ndabere nke mgbanwe ihu igwe nke obodo na atụmatụ ihu ígwé, nke a na-agwa [[Ọgbakọ Otú United Nations Fremewok maka Ngbanwe Iru igwe|UNFCCC]] ma jiri ya mee ihe na nyocha IPCC. === Nhazi === Iji nyochaa ọtụtụ nsonaazụ ihu ígwé na iji mee ka obi sie ya ike na atụmatụ ahụ, a na-emepụta atụmatụ mgbanwe ihu ígwé nke mba site na ọtụtụ ụdị mgbasa ozi (GCMs). Ụdị ọnọdụ ihu igwe dị otú ahụ nwèrè ike iwere ụdị nke perturbed physics ensembles (PPE), multi-model ensembles, ma ọ bụ mmalite ọnọdụ ensembles.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Parker|first=Wendy S.|date=2012|title=Whose Probabilities? Predicting Climate Change with Ensembles of Models|journal=Philosophy of Science|language=en|volume=77|issue=5|pages=985–997|doi=10.1086/656815|issn=0031-8248}}</ref> Dị ka mkpebi mpaghara nke GCMs ndị dị n'okpuru na-adịkarị njọ, a na-emekarị atụmatụ ahụ, ma ọ bụ site na iji [[Regional climate models|ụdị ihu igwe mpaghara]] (RCMs), ma ọ bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ. Atụmatụ ụfọdụ na-agụnye data sitere na mpaghara ndị búrú ibu karịa ókèala mba, dịka ọmụmaatụ iji nyochaa mpaghara mmiri nké osimiri ndị na-agafe ókèala. Mba ụfọdụ emeela atụmatụ ndị ọzọ màkà obere mpaghara nchịkwa, dịka. [[U.S. state|Steeti]] dị na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]], na Länder dị na [[Jémanị|Germany]]. === Ihe Nlereanya === Ihe karịrị mba iri atọ akọwo atụmatụ / ihe omume ihu ígwé nke mba na National Communications na United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Ọtụtụ gọọmentị Europe enyekwara ego màkà ọnụ ụzọ ozi mba gbásárá mgbanwe ihu igwe.<ref> {{Cite book|author=Füssel|first=Hans-Martin|year=2014|authorlink=|title=How Is Uncertainty Addressed in the Knowledge Base for National Adaptation Planning?. In Adapting to an Uncertain Climate|location=pp. 41-66|publisher=Springer, Cham|isbn=978-3-319-04875-8|url=}}</ref> * [[Ostraliya|Australia]]: CCIA<ref>[https://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au/en/climate-projections/ Climate Change in Australia]</ref> * [[California]]: Cal-Adapt<ref>[https://cal-adapt.org California climate change scenarios and climate impact research ]</ref> * [[Netherlands]]: KNMI'14<ref>[http://www.climatescenarios.nl KNMI'14 Pictures of the future - Climate scenarios]</ref> * [[Switzerland]]: CH2011 / CH2018<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ch2011.ch/en/index.html|title=Swiss Climate Change Scenarios CH2011 B|work=ch2011.ch|accessdate=2018-08-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ch2018.ch/en/home-2/ |title=CH2018 - New Climate Scenarios for Switzerland |accessdate=2023-04-20 |archivedate=2018-06-28 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628005142/http://www.ch2018.ch/en/home-2/ }}</ref> * [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|UK]]: UKCP09 / UKCP18<ref>[http://ukclimateprojections.metoffice.gov.uk/24125 UKCP18 Project announcement]</ref><ref>[https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/collaboration/ukcp UKCP18 Demonstration Projects (Met Office)]</ref> === Ngwa === A na-eji atụmatụ ihu ígwé e nke mba eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ébé iji buo amụma mmetụta mgbanwe ihu igwe n'ọtụtụ ngalaba akụ na ụba, ya na iji mee ka ọmụmụ na mkpebi mgbanwe mgbanwe ihu igwe màrà. Ihe atụ ụfọdụ gụnyere: * Ike<ref>[http://ecem.climate.copernicus.eu/ European Climatic Energy Mixes (ECEM)]</ref> * [[Mmiri]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.climatechange.ca.gov/adaptation/water.html |title=California's Climate Adaptation Strategy for Water |access-date=2023-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220224031/http://www.climatechange.ca.gov/adaptation/water.html |archive-date=2019-12-20 |url-status=dead}}</ref> * Ọrụ ugbo na ọhịa: mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe na [[Oru ugbo|ọrụ ugbo]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://climate-adapt.eea.europa.eu/eu-adaptation-policy/sector-policies/agriculture |title=Climate-ADAPT EU sector policies - Agriculture |accessdate=2023-04-20 |archivedate=2022-08-27 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220827160921/https://climate-adapt.eea.europa.eu/eu-adaptation-policy/sector-policies/agriculture }}</ref><ref>[https://boris.unibe.ch/68007/1/CH2014-Impacts_79.pdf Switzerland: Climate change impacts on tree species, forest properties, and ecosystem services]</ref> * Ịkụ azụ * Ecosystems na Biodiversity: mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe n'oké osimiri, mmetụta nke mgbanwe ọnọdụ ihu ígwé n"ụmụ anụmanụ, mmetụta nke ịgbanwe ihu ígwé na ụdị dị iche iche nke osisi<ref>[https://www.baltex-research.eu/BACC/material/IBS_No35_BACC.pdf BACC – The Baltex Assessment of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea basin]</ref> * Ahụike: mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe na [[Health|ahụike]] mmadụ<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hpa.org.uk/hecc2012|title=Health effects of climate change in the UK 2012|accessdate=2021-03-14|archivedate=2013-11-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104121758/http://www.hpa.org.uk/hecc2012}}</ref> * Njem<ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-adaptation-programme-transport UK's Climate change national adaptation programme: transport]</ref> * Ebe ndị dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://english.deltacommissaris.nl/binaries/delta-commissioner/documents/publications/2017/09/19/dp2018-en-printversie/DP2018+EN+printversie.pdf|title=The Netherland's Delta Programme 2018 - Continuing the work on a sustainable and safe delta|accessdate=2021-03-14|archivedate=2018-11-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105061915/https://english.deltacommissaris.nl/binaries/delta-commissioner/documents/publications/2017/09/19/dp2018-en-printversie/DP2018+EN+printversie.pdf}}</ref> * Njem * Inshọransị<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.swissre.com/eca/|title=SwissRe: The Economics of Climate Adaptation|accessdate=2021-03-14|archivedate=2018-11-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106003300/http://www.swissre.com/eca/}}</ref> * Ihe owuwu<ref>[https://www.theiet.org/policy/collaboration/etf/infrastructure.cfm Infrastructure, Engineering and Climate Change Adaptation – ensuring services in an uncertain future]</ref> * Obodo ukwu na [[Okeama|obodo ukwu]]<ref>[http://www4.unfccc.int/nap/Documents%20NAP/National%20Climate%20Resilience%20and%20Adaptation%20Strategy.pdf Australia's National Climate Resilience and Adaptation Strategy]</ref> * Ihe ize ndụ nke ọdachi<ref>[https://www.unisdr.org/we/inform/publications/45001 UNISDR -Coherence and mutual reinforcement between the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 and international agreements for development and climate action]</ref> * Mbufe ụmụ mmadụ (n'ọtụtụ mba na ihe metụtara njikwa ókèala mba, iwu mbufe na mgbanwe ihu igwe)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Future of the human climate niche|url=https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/suppl/2020/04/29/1910114117.DCSupplemental/pnas.1910114117.sapp.pdf|accessdate=25 June 2020|archivedate=14 May 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514064826/https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/suppl/2020/04/29/1910114117.DCSupplemental/pnas.1910114117.sapp.pdf}}</ref> == Ihe omume ndị na-ebelata == [[Usòrò:Greenhouse_gas_emission_scenarios_01.svg|thumb|Ihe omume nke ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ n'ụwa niile. Ọ bụrụ na mba niile emezu nkwa nkwekọrịta Paris ha dị ugbu a, nkezi okpomọkụ site na 2100 ga-agafe ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke nkwekọrịta París iji nọgide na-ekpo ọkụ "nke dị n'okpuru 2 °C".]] Ọnọdụ mbelata mgbanwe ihu igwe nwere ike ime n'ọdịnihu ébé a na-ebelata okpomọkụ ụwa site na omume a kpachapụrụ ányá, dị ka mgbanwe zuru oke na isi mmalite ike ndị ọzọ na-abụghị mmanụ ala. Ndị a bụ omume ndị na-ebelata ikuku ikuku nke méré na ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ na-akwụsi ike na ọkwa ndị na-egbochi mmetụta ọjọọ nke mgbanwe ihu igwe. N'iji ihe omume ndị a, nyocha nke mmetụta nke ọnụahịa carbon dị íchè íchè na akụ na ụba na-eme ka ọ dị n'ime usoro nke ọkwa dị íchè íchè nke ọchịchọ ụwa.<ref>Commonwealth of Australia, “Climate Change Mitigation Scenarios: Modeling report provided to the Climate Change Authority in support of its Caps and Targets Review,” 2013. Retrieved 13 December 2018 from <nowiki>https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/a28424ae-cce9-48c9-aad2-56b3db0920a5/files/climate-change-mitigation-scenarios.pdf</nowiki></ref> === Gas ndị ọzọ na-eme ka okpomọkụ === A na-agbakọta gas na-ekpo ọkụ n'ihe gbásárá carbon dioxide. Meinshausen et al emeela ọtụtụ ihe omume mgbochi gas.<ref name="multigas">{{Cite journal|author=Meinshausen|first=M.|doi=10.1007/s10584-005-9013-2|title=Multi-gas Emissions Pathways to Meet Climate Targets|journal=Climatic Change|volume=75|issue=1–2|year=2006|url=http://doc.rero.ch/record/319658/files/10584_2005_Article_9013.pdf}}</ref> ==== Dị ka ihe a na-elekwasị anya n'oge na-adịghị anya ==== N'akwụkwọ afọ 2000, Hansen kwùrù na ịrị elu 0.75 °C [nnyocha na-emezughị] na nkezi okpomọkụ ụwa n'ime afọ otu narị gara-aga bụ nke gas na-ekpo ọkụ na-abụghị carbon dioxide, ébé ọ bụ na okpomọkụ nke CO2 ejirila ịjụ oyi n'ihi aerosols, na-egosi na usoro nke dabeere na mbụ na ibelata ikuku nke gas na carbon ojii, na-elekwasị ányà na CO2 naanị n'oge dị ogologo.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Global warming in the twenty-first century: An alternative scenario|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_proceedings-of-the-national-academy-of-sciences-usa_2000-08-29_97_18/page/9875|first=James|author=Hansen|date=29 August 2000|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|volume=97|issue=18|pages=9875–9880|doi=10.1073/pnas.170278997|pmid=10944197}}</ref> Veerabhadran Ramanathan na Jessica Seddon Wallack kwukwara nke a ọnwa Septemba/Ọktoba nafo 2009 Foreign Affairs.<ref>[http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/65238/jessica-seddon-wallack-and-veerabhadran-ramanathan/the-other-climate-changers Why Black Carbon and Ozone Also Matter]</ref> == Hụkwa == * Degrees 4 na Beyond International Climate Conference * Bio-energy na carbon capture na nchekwa (BECCS) * Ihichapụ carbon dioxide (CDR) * Carbon na-adịghị mma mmanụ * Injinia ihu igwe (geoengineering) * Azụmaahịa ikuku * Nkọwa ike * Ihe ịma aka nke ụwa na-amaghị nwoke * [[Drawdown|Ọnọdụ ihu igwe]] * CMIP * Ihe Omume Copernicus * Nkwupụta ọnụ * Nnyocha mmetụta * Nnyocha ejighị n'aka * Atụmatụ ihe nkiri == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} * {{Citation}} (pb: {{ISBNT|0-521-01502-2}}). * {{Citation}} (pb: {{ISBNT|978-0-521-70598-1}}). [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 6f7c1ss1m5qp3sjchnpdszlzp354akf 0 25800 729905 719753 2026-10-01T23:10:53Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729905 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Afọ mmiri (nke a na-akpọkwa afọ mmiri, afọ mmiri ma ọ bụ '''afọ mmiri''') bụ ókwú a na-ejikarị eme ihe na hydrology iji kọwaa ógè nkè ọnwa irí na abụọ nke a na-atụle ngụkọta mmiri ozuzo. Mmalite ya dị íchè na afọ kalenda n'ihi na akụkụ nke mmiri ozuzo nke na-ada na ngwụcha ógè mgbụsị akwụkwọ na ógè oyi na-agbakọta dị ka snow ma ọ naghị agba ruo mgbè ógè opupu ihe ubi ma ọ bụ ógè okpomọkụ snow na-agbaze. Ebumnuche bụ iji hụ na ihe niile o Kwèrè mee nke mmiri na-asọba n'elu n'ogè afọ mmiri bụ ihe kpatara mmiri ozuzo n'otu afọ mmiri ahụ. N'ihi ihe ndị metụtara ihu igwe na ala, nkọwa nke afọ mmiri dịgasị iche. United States Geological Survey (USGS) na-akọwa ya dị ka ógè dị n'etiti [[October 1 (film)|October 1]] nke otu afọ n'ọnwa Septemba ụbọchị iri atọ nke ọzọ, dịka ngwụcha Septemba ruo mmalite Ọktoba bụ ógè màkà ọtụtụ ebe mmiri na US iji nwee mmiri kachasị ala na ọkwa mmiri dị n'okpuru ala.<ref name="USGS">United States Geological Survey, "Explanations for the National Water Conditions", http://water.usgs.gov/nwc/explain_data.html, Retrieved 16 October 2011.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The hydrological year|date=31 October 2012|url=http://www.water.org.uk/publications/policy-positions-and-briefings/hydrological-year|work=Water UK|accessdate=26 April 2023|archivedate=1 December 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201033308/https://www.water.org.uk/publications/policy-positions-and-briefings/hydrological-year}}</ref> A na-ahọpụta afọ mmiri site na afọ kalenda nke ọ kwụsịrị, ya mèrè afọ mmiri 2010 malitere n'ubochi mbu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, 2009 wee gwụ n'ubochi irí atọ n'ọnwa Septemba, 2010. [1] Otu ụzọ isi mata afọ mmiri bụ ịchọta oge ọnwa iri na abụọ na-esote nke na-ejikarị eme ihe, afọ n'afọ, na-enye njikọ kachasị elu n'etiti mmiri ozuzo na iyi na mgbanwe ndị a na-apụghị ịhụ ányá na nchekwa (ya bụ, mmiri ala na snow).<ref>Likens, G. E. (2013). Biogeochemistry of a forested ecosystem. Springer Science & Business Media.</ref> Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, ógè mgbè ọdịiche nke nchekwa site n'afọ ruo n'afọ bụ nke kacha nta bụ ógè nwéré ọkwa nchekwa kacha nta na nke kacha nta. Otú ọ dị, ihe ndị a na-atụle na-emetụtakwa nkọwa nkè afọ mmiri. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na [[Kánada|Canada]] afọ mmiri na-amalite n'ọnwa Ọktoba, o doro anya na ọ ga-adaba na US, ọ bụ ezie na ọnọdụ nha ka mma dị n'ogè oyi. Iji kwado ọdịiche mpaghara na ihu igwe, ụfọdụ ndị na-eme nchọpụta na-eji ''afọ mmiri'' mpaghara ọ bụla nké na-amalite n'ọnwa na nké kachasị ala.<ref name="WaskoNathanPeel2020">{{Cite journal|author=Wasko|first=Conrad|title=Trends in Global Flood and Streamflow Timing Based on Local Water Year|journal=Water Resources Research|date=31 July 2020|volume=56|issue=8|issn=0043-1397|doi=10.1029/2020WR027233|pmid=|url=https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2020WR027233}}</ref> == Nchịkọta == A na-eji ụdị afọ mmiri (ma ọ bụ ihe ngosi [1]) iji gosipụta data mmiri nke akụkọ ihe méré eme n'ụdị dị mfe. [2] ''Ihe'' ngosi ndị a na-enyere áká ịhazi afọ mmiri yiri maka atụmatụ nke ọrụ mmiri dabere na iwu. Otu usoro a na-ahụkarị na-agụnye: ''afọ kpọrọ nkụ'', afọ kpọrọ nká, afọ nkịtị, afọ mmiri, '''afọ mmiri''' dị ukwuu. [1] A na-akọwa afọ ndị ahụ site na ịtọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ọnụ ọgụgụ màkà mmiri na-asọba n'afọ mmiri. Ụzọ a na-agbakọ (na ụdị) na-adịgasị íchè site na mpaghara, ya mèrè ọtụtụ ihe ngosi dị, dịka ọmụmaatụ: [1] * Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI).<ref>W. C. Palmer, “Meteorological Drought,” Research Paper No. 45. US Department of Commerce Weather Bureau, Washington DC, 1965.</ref> * Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) bụ nke McKee et al. chepụtara n'afọ 1993;<ref>McKee, T.B., Doesken, N.J. and Kleist, J. (1993) [https://www.droughtmanagement.info/literature/AMS_Relationship_Drought_Frequency_Duration_Time_Scales_1993.pdf The Relationship of Drought Frequency and Duration to Time Scales]. 8th Conference on Applied Climatology, Anaheim, 17-22 January 1993, 179-184.</ref> * Nchịkọta Oké Ọchịchị; * ''deciles.'' E mepụtara ọtụtụ ihe ngosi ndị a na-eji eme ihe n'oge na-adịghị ányá. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, [[California]] River Indices bụ nkezi nke atụmatụ nke mmiri na-agbaze n'ogè opupu ihe ubi, mmiri na-asọ asọ màkà afọ ndị ọzọ, na nsonaazụ màkà afọ gara aga, gbakọrọ màkà ọdọ mmiri ole na ole dị iche iche iji kewaa afọ mmiri dị ka mmiri, ''karịa'' nke kwesịrị ekwesị, ''n'okpuru'' nke kwesịrị ekwesị (afọ ndị kpọrọ nkụ, na nke dị oke njọ [1]).<ref>{{Cite web|title=California River Indices|url=https://cdec.water.ca.gov/reportapp/javareports?name=WSIHIST|publisher=[[CAWR]]|accessdate=7 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220831234209/http://cdec.water.ca.gov/reportapp/javareports?name=WSIHIST|archive-date=31 August 2022|url-status=dead}}</ref> E mepụtaghị ihe ngosi California ndị a "site na nyocha ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọnọdụ ọdọ mmiri akụkọ ihe méré eme na mmiri na-asọba".<ref name="AndersonRodney2007">{{Cite journal|author=Anderson|first=Donald M.|title=Characterization of hydrologic conditions to support Platte river species recovery efforts|journal=JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association|date=8 June 2007|volume=42|issue=5|pages=1391–1403|issn=1093-474X|doi=10.1111/j.1752-1688.2006.tb05308.x|pmid=|url=https://ur.booksc.me/book/10187337/3dd30d}}</ref> Ihe ngosi niile site na okike na-egosipụta ụkpụrụ akụkọ ihe méré eme ma ya mèrè enweghị ike ijide ọdịiche dị na ihu igwe nke a maara na ọ na-eme ka nkesa nke ụdị afọ mmiri ghara ịdị otu n'ogè. == Ojiji == Ihe atụ nkè otu esi eji afọ mmiri eme ihe: * A na-eji ya tụnyere mmiri ozuzo site n'otu afọ mmiri gaa na nke ọzọ. * A na-eji ya akọwa ógè nyocha maka ebumnuche modeling hydrologic. * A na-eji ya na akụkọ nke United States Geological Survey (USGS) dị ka okwu na-ekwu màkà mmiri dị n'elu.<ref name="USGS"/> * Ọrụ CoCoRaHS na-eji njedebe nke afọ mmiri eme ihe dị ka ohere màkà ndị na-ekiri iji nyochaa ma nyochaa data màkà saịtị ha. == Hụkwa == * Afọ oge == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Ebe e si nweta ya == * {{Cite journal|author=Null|first=Sarah E.|title=In bad waters: Water year classification in nonstationary climates|journal=Water Resources Research|date=February 2013|volume=49|issue=2|pages=1137–1148|issn=0043-1397|doi=10.1002/wrcr.20097|pmid=}} * {{Cite book|author=WEAP|title=WEAP User Guide|publisher=Stockholm Environment Institute, U.S. Center|location=Somerville, MA|url=https://www.weap21.org/downloads/WEAP_User_Guide.pdf|date=2015}} * {{Cite journal|author=Alley|first=W. M.|title=The Palmer Drought Severity Index: Limitations and Assumptions|journal=Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology|date=1984|volume=23|issue=7|pages=1100–1109|doi=10.1175/1520-0450(1984)023<1100:TPDSIL>2.0.CO;2|url=https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/apme/23/7/1520-0450_1984_023_1100_tpdsil_2_0_co_2.xml|accessdate=6 August 2022}} * {{Cite journal|author=Viers|first=Joshua H.|title=Hydropower Relicensing and Climate Change|journal=JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association|date=30 March 2011|volume=47|issue=4|pages=655–661|issn=1093-474X|doi=10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00531.x|pmid=|url=https://watershed.ucdavis.edu/pdf/Viers_JAWRA_2011.pdf|archive-date=7 August 2022|access-date=26 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807193501/https://watershed.ucdavis.edu/pdf/Viers_JAWRA_2011.pdf|url-status=dead}} *   * {{Cite book|first=Don|author=Johnstone|date=1949|title=Elements of Applied Hydrology|publisher=Ronald Press Company|chapter=The Water Year|pages=102–103|oclc=1150788749|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9mo1AAAAMAAJ}} o3aqzbnaari43vj5ske29ggy9pu4ej9 0 26173 729842 182764 2026-10-01T14:24:55Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729842 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Botswana_Districts_HEB.jpg|thumb|Ọdịdị ala nke Botswana]] '''[[Botswana]]''' bụ mba na-enweghị mmiri nke dị na akuku Ndịda Afrịka n'ebe ugwu Ndịda [[Eluàlà|Afrịka]] . [[Botswana]] nwere mpaghara nke ọnụ Ọgụgụ dị ka 581,730 square (224,610 ), nke 566,730 km2 (218,820 sq mi) bụ ala. Botswana nwere ókèala nke ngụkọta ogologo 4,347.15 (2,701.19 ), nke ókèala ya na [[Namibia]], maka 1,544 (959 ); Ndịda Afrịka 1,969 (1,223 mi); [[Zimbabwe]], 834 (518 mi) na [[Zambia]], 0.15 kilomita (0.093 mi). Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị bi na Botswana na-elekwasị anya n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke mba ahụ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ anyanwụ dị elu n'afọ ọ bụla ọ bụ ezie na oge oyi bụ oge kachasị amụ anwụ. Mba ahụ dum na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-eme uzuzu n'oge ọkọchị.<ref name="Landsberg">General Survey of Climatology, Landsberg (ed.),Elsevier, 2001</ref> == Ọdịdị ala == Ala ahụ dị larịị ma ọ bụ ala dị larị iche, ọ bụ ezie na e nwere ụfọdụ obodo ugwu, ebe a na-egwupụta ihe. Ọzara Kalahari dị n'etiti na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ. Okavango Delta, otu n'ime nnukwute ala n'ụwa, dị n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ na Makgadikgadi Pans, nnukwu nnu dị n'etiti ugwu. E guzobere Makgadikgadi dị ka ebe obibi mbụ maka mmadụ oge ochie; Nnukwu ala mmiri a nwere ọtụtụ nnukwu akụkụ, nke kachasị bụ Nwetwe Pan, Sua Pan na Nxai Pan.<ref>C. Michael Hogan (2008) [https://web.archive.org/web/20231030065111/https://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=22373&mode=&order=0 ''Makgadikgadi'', Megalithic Portal, ed. A.Burnham]</ref> Ebe kachasị ala na Botswana bụ na njikọ nke Osimiri Limpopo na Shashe, na ịdị elu nke 513 m (1,683 ). Ebe kachasị elu bụ Monalanong Hill, na 1,494 m (4,902 ). A na-ekewa mba ahụ n'ime mpaghara mmiri anọ, nke na-adịghị ahụkebe mgbe ụfọdụ n'ihi ọdịdị ala kpọrọ nkụ: * Osimiri Chobe n'ókè ya na Caprivi Strip nke Namibia tinyere obere ebe mara mma dị n'akụkụ ya bụ akụkụ nke ọdọ mmiri Zambezi. * ọtụtụ n'ime mpaghara ugwu na etiti nke mba ahụ bụ akụkụ nke ọdọ mmiri Okavango. * akụkụ kachasị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke mba ahụ na-adaba na ọdọ mmiri Limpopo. * mpaghara ndịda na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ, nke bụ ndị kasị kpọọ nkụ, na-agbanye mmiri site na osimiri Molopo n'akụkụ ókèala South Africa na osimiri Nossob site na Ogige Ntụrụndụ Kalahari Gemsbok, ma bụrụ akụkụ nke ọdọ mmiri nke Osimiri Orange. Ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime osimiri ndị a na-asọba ruo Orange, Otú ọ dị. (Ntinye ikpeazụ e dekọrọ bụ n'afọ 1880.)<ref>Times Comprehensive Atlas, (2007), Times Books, London</ref> Ewezuga osimiri akpọrọ Chobe, Okavango, Boteti na Limpopo, ọtụtụ osimiri Botswana na-akwụsị ịba n'oge ọkọchị na oge mmiri ozuzo. == Ọnọdụ ihu igwe == Botswana bụ ọkara mmiri ozuzo, n'ihi obere oge mmiri ozuzo. Otú ọ dị, ịdị elu nke mba ahụ na ọnọdụ kọntinent ya na-enye ya ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ. Mba ahụ dịpụrụ adịpụ site na ikuku na-ebu mmiri maka ihe ka ukwuu n'afọ. Oge ọkọchị na-adị site na onwa Eprel ruo na onwa Ọktoba n'ebe ndịda na Nọvemba n'ebe ugwu ebe, Otú ọ dị, mmiri ozuzo dị elu. Ndịda nke mba ahụ na-ahụkarị ikuku oyi n'oge oyi (mmalite ọnwa Mee ruo ngwụcha ọnwa Ọgọst) mgbe nkezi okpomọkụ dị gburugburu ọnụ Ọgụgụ dị ka 14 °C (57.2 ). Mba ahụ dum nwere oge okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na nkezi okpomọkụ gburugburu ọnụ Ọgụgụ 26 °C (78.8 ). Ọnụ ọgụgụ anyanwụ dị elu n'afọ niile ọ bụ ezie na oge oyi bụ oge kachasị amụ anwụ. Mba ahụ dum na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-eme uzuzu n'oge ọkọchị.<ref name="Landsberg">General Survey of Climatology, Landsberg (ed.),Elsevier, 2001</ref>{{Weather box|collapsed=|location=Gaborone ([[Sir Seretse Khama Airport]], 1981–2010)|metric first=yes|single line=yes|Jan record high F=103|Feb record high F=104|Mar record high F=102|Apr record high F=98|May record high F=91|Jun record high F=84|Jul record high F=83|Aug record high F=91|Sep record high F=103|Oct record high F=100|Nov record high F=104|Dec record high F=103|year record high F=104|Jan high C=32.7|Feb high C=32.1|Mar high C=30.8|Apr high C=28.4|May high C=25.6|Jun high C=23.1|Jul high C=22.9|Aug high C=26.2|Sep high C=30.0|Oct high C=32.0|Nov high C=32.3|Dec high C=32.5|year high C=29.1|Jan mean C=25.7|Feb mean C=25.2|Mar mean C=23.7|Apr mean C=20.6|May mean C=16.8|Jun mean C=13.7|Jul mean C=13.5|Aug mean C=16.9|Sep mean C=21.2|Oct mean C=24.0|Nov mean C=24.7|Dec mean C=25.3|year mean C=20.9|Jan low C=19.7|Feb low C=19.3|Mar low C=17.4|Apr low C=13.5|May low C=8.3|Jun low C=5.0|Jul low C=4.4|Aug low C=7.5|Sep low C=12.3|Oct low C=16.3|Nov low C=17.7|Dec low C=18.8|year low C=13.4|Jan record low F=57|Feb record low F=55|Mar record low F=52|Apr record low F=32|May record low F=30|Jun record low F=30|Jul record low F=28|Aug record low F=32|Sep record low F=41|Oct record low F=45|Nov record low F=46|Dec record low F=52|year record low F=28|precipitation colour=|Jan precipitation mm=143|Feb precipitation mm=82|Mar precipitation mm=74|Apr precipitation mm=30|May precipitation mm=8.3|Jun precipitation mm=7.5|Jul precipitation mm=1|Aug precipitation mm=0.9|Sep precipitation mm=5.8|Oct precipitation mm=5.8|Nov precipitation mm=58|Dec precipitation mm=71|year precipitation mm=|Jan precipitation days=6|Feb precipitation days=5|Mar precipitation days=5|Apr precipitation days=3|May precipitation days=2|Jun precipitation days=1|Jul precipitation days=1|Aug precipitation days=1|Sep precipitation days=2|Oct precipitation days=4|Nov precipitation days=5|Dec precipitation days=6|year precipitation days=41|source 1=African Regional Climate Centre<ref name=ARCC>{{cite web |url = http://acmad.net/rcc/African-RCC/rcc_country_selection.php |title = Precipitation and temperature reference climatologies: Seretse Khama International Airport |publisher = African Regional Climate Centre |access-date = 19 January 2016 |url-status = live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160314035305/http://acmad.net/rcc/African-RCC/rcc_country_selection.php |archive-date = 14 March 2016 |accessdate = 6 May 2023 |archivedate = 14 March 2016 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160314035305/http://acmad.net/rcc/African-RCC/rcc_country_selection.php }}</ref>|source 2=Weatherbase (records)<ref name=temperature>{{cite web | url =http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=44286&refer=&cityname=Gaborone-South-East-Botswana&units=us | title =Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Gaborone, Botswana | access-date =26 June 2012 | publisher =Weatherbase | archive-date =24 September 2012 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20120924123406/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=44286&refer=&cityname=Gaborone-South-East-Botswana&units=metric | url-status =dead }}</ref>|date=June 2012}} == Ihe ize ndụ ndị sitere n'okike == Oké ọkọchị na-emetụta Botswana site n'oge ruo n'oge, ikuku nke oge ọnwa Ọgọstụ na-esi n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na-efe, na-ebu ájá na uzuzu, nke nwere ike ime ka a ghara ịhụ ya. == Gburugburu ebe obibi == [[Usòrò:Road_landscape.jpg|thumb|Igwe ojii mmiri ozuzo n'elu Serowe Jenụwarị 2019]] Nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi dị ugbu a na Botswana bụ nke akpọrọ ịtabiga nri ókè, ọzara na ịdị adị nke naanị obere mmiri dị ọcha. Nnyocha sitere n'aka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị achọpụtala na omume a na-emekarị nke ịbabiga ehi iji merie ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na-eme ka ihe ndị dị ndụ dị ụkọ, na-eme gore gburugburu ebe obibi dịkwuo mfe. Nnyocha nke mpaghara ahụ na-ebu amụma na ka ọ na-erule afọ iri abụọ na iri ise usoro nke obere ụkọ mmiri ozuzo nwere ike ịghọ ọnwa iri na asatọ karịa afọ abụọ n'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe.<ref>[http://www.scidev.net/en/sub-suharan-africa/news/sub-saharan-africa-news-in-brief-10-22-april-2008.html Sub-Saharan Africa news in brief: 10–22 April 2008 – SciDev.]</ref> == Nkwekọrịta mba ụwa == Botswana dị na otu n'ime nkwekọrịta mba ụwa ndị akpọrọ :Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Organization, Ozone Layer Protection and Wetlands. == Ihe ndị dị oke mkpa == Nke a bụ ndepụta nke ebe ndị dị oke mkpa nke [[Botswana]], ebe ndị dị n'ebe ugwu, ndịda, ọwụwa anyanwụ ma ọ bụ ọdịda anyanwụ karịa ebe ọ bụla ọzọ. * Ebe kachasị n'ebe ugwu bụ ókèala ya na [[Zambia]] n'elu Osimiri Zambezi na Chobe District * Ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke South Africa na [[Zimbabwe]], Central District * Ebe ndịda kacha ukwuu bụ Bokspits, Kgalagadi District * Ebe kachasị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ bụ akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke ókèala ya na [[Namibia]]* ** ''Rịba ama: Botswana enweghị ebe ọdịda anyanwụ kachasị ka akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ bụ nke 22nd meridian nke longitude n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Greenwich.'' == Ndemsibia == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> {{Botswana topics}}{{Geography of Africa}}{{Africa topic|Climate of}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] c5f8s68kef6hy1q38kfkmnbtd0b9ror 0 26764 729913 698148 2026-10-02T00:51:57Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729913 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Growth,_Development_and_Environmental_Economics_in_Asia_(17241141112).jpg|thumb|Nkwurịta okwu banyere uto, mmepe na akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi na Eshia na Chatham House, London.]] Akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi bụ ngalaba nke akụ na ụba nke metụtara nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọ bụrụla isiokwu a na-amụ nke ọma n'ihi nchegbu gburugburu ebe obibi na-eto eto na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na otu. Akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi "na-eme nyocha nke usoro ọmụmụ ma ọ bụ nke siri ike banyere mmetụta akụ na ụba nke atumatu gburugburu ebe obibi nke mba ma ọ bụ mpaghara gburugburu ụwa .... Okwu ndị pụrụ iche gụnyere ụgwọ na uru nke usoro gburugburu ebe obibi ọzọ iji na-ahụ maka [[mmetọ ikuku]], àgwà mmiri, ihe ndị na-egbu egbu, ihe mkpofu siri ike. , na okpomoku zuru ụwa ọnụ." Akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi bụ ihe dị iche na akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi na akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi na-emesi akụ na ụba ike dị ka usoro nke gburugburu ebe obibi na-elekwasị anya n'ichekwa isi obodo. Otu nnyocha e mere ndị ọkachamara n'ihe banyere akụ̀ na ụba Germany chọpụtara na akụ̀ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi na gburugburu ebe obibi bụ ụlọ akwụkwọ dị iche iche nke echiche akụ̀ na ụba, na ndị ọkachamara n'ihe banyere akụ̀ na ụba na-emesi ike ịdịgide "ike" ma na-ajụ echiche na isi obodo mmadụ mere ("anụ ahụ") nwere ike dochie anya isi obodo. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Achọpụtala ngalaba akụ na ụba ọgbara ọhụrụ nke akụ na ụba gburugburu na 1960 site na ntinye aka dị ukwuu sitere n'aka onye akụ na ụba Post-Keynesian Paul Davidson, onye ka rụchara ọrụ njikwa ya na ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ Continental. === Ọdịda ahịa === [[Usòrò:Pollution_de_l'air.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|270x270px|Mmetọ ikuku bụ ihe atụ nke ọdịda ahịa, ebe ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-etinye ego na mpaghara ahụ.]] Central na gburugburu ebe obibi akụ na ụba bụ echiche nke ọdịda ahịa. Ọdịda ahịa pụtara na ahịa anaghị ekenye akụrụngwa nke ọma. Dị ka Hanley, Shogren, and White (2007) si kwuo: "Ọdịda ahịa na-eme mgbe ahịa anaghị ekenye ihe onwunwe dị ụkọ iji mee ka ọdịmma ọha mmadụ kacha mma. A wedge dị n'etiti ihe onye onwe ya nyere ọnụ ahịa ahịa na ihe ọha mmadụ nwere ike ịchọ. Ọ ga-eme iji chebe gburugburu ebe obibi. Ntụnye dị otú ahụ na-egosi ịla n'iyi ma ọ bụ enweghị ike akụ na ụba; enwere ike ịmepụta ihe onwunwe iji mee ka ọ dịkarịa ala otu onye ka mma n'emeghị ka onye ọ bụla ka njọ." Nke a na-ebute ahịa na-adịghị arụ ọrụ nke kwesịrị ka edozi ya site n'ụzọ dịka ntinye aka gọọmentị. Ụdị ọdịda ahịa na-emekarị gụnyere mpụga, enweghị ike ịpụ na enweghị asọmpi. === Ihe ndị dị n'èzí === Mpụga dị mgbe mmadụ na-eme nhọrọ nke na-emetụta ndị ọzọ n'ụzọ na-adịghị agụta na ọnụahịa ahịa. Mpụpụ nwere ike ịbụ ihe dị mma ma ọ bụ nke na-adịghị mma mana ọ na-ejikọta ya na mpụga ọjọọ na akụnụba gburugburu ebe obibi. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mmiri na-agbapụta n'ime ụlọ obibi na-eme n'ala ụlọ elu na-emetụta ala ala. Ihe atụ ọzọ gbasara otú ire osisi Amazon si eleda ọnụ ọgụgụ carbon dioxide a na-ewepụta na igbutu ya anya. [Kamma isi isi chọrọ] Ma ọ bụ, mmetọ na-ekupụ nke ọma agaghị eburu n'uche ụgwọ ndị mmetọ ya na-amanye ndị ọzọ. N'ihi ya, mmetọ nwere ike ime karịa ọkwa 'mmadụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma', nke bụ ọkwa nke ga-adị ma ọ bụrụ na ahịa chọrọ ka ọ kwụọ ụgwọ maka mmetọ ahụ. Nkọwa kpochapụwo nke Kenneth Arrow na James Meade na-emetụta bụ Heller na Starrett (1976), bụ ndị na-akọwapụta mpụga dị ka "ọnọdụ nke akụ na ụba nke onwe na-enweghị ihe mkpali zuru oke iji mepụta ahịa nwere ike na ụfọdụ mma na adịghị adị nke ahịa a. na-ebute mfu nke arụmọrụ Pareto". N'okwu akụ na ụba, mpụga bụ ihe atụ nke ọdịda ahịa, nke ahịa na-enweghị njedebe na-adịghị eduga na nsonaazụ dị mma. === Ngwaahịa nkịtị na ngwa ọha === Mgbe ọ dị oke ọnụ iji wepụ ụfọdụ ndị na ịnweta akụ gburugburu ebe obibi, a na-akpọ akụ ahụ ihe onwunwe nkịtị (mgbe enwere asọmpi maka akụ ahụ, nke na otu onye na-eji ihe onwunwe eme ihe na-ebelata ohere ndị ọzọ iji ihe onwunwe ahụ mee ihe. ) ma ọ bụ uru ọha na eze (mgbe iji ihe onwunwe na-abụghị nke asọmpi). N'ọnọdụ ọ bụla nke enweghị mwepu, oke ahịa nwere ike ọ gaghị adị irè. Achọpụtala ihe ịma aka ndị a ogologo oge. Echiche Hardin (1968) banyere ọdachi nke ndị nkịtị mere ka ihe ịma aka ndị dị na enweghị mwepu na ihe onwunwe nkịtị gbasaa. "Commons" na-ezo aka na gburugburu ebe obibi akụ n'onwe ya, "nkịtị onwunwe akụ" ma ọ bụ "nkịtị ọdọ mmiri akụ" na-ezo aka a onwunwe ikike ọchịchị na-enye ohere maka ụfọdụ mkpokọta ozu chepụta atụmatụ ewepu ndị ọzọ, si otú ikwe ijide n'ọdịnihu uru iyi; na "oghere-oghere" na-egosi enweghị nwe n'echiche na ihe onwunwe onye ọ bụla nwere ọ dịghị onye nwere. Nsogbu bụ isi bụ na ọ bụrụ na ndị mmadụ na-eleghara uru ụkọ nke ndị nkịtị anya, ha nwere ike ịkwụsị itinye mgbalị dị ukwuu, na-ewe ihe ubi (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịkụ azụ). Hardin na-ekwu na n'enweghị ihe mgbochi, ndị na-eji ohere ịnweta ohere ga-eji ya karịa ma ọ bụrụ na ha ga-akwụ ụgwọ ya ma nwee ikike pụrụ iche, na-eduga ná [[Environmental degradation|mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi]]. Lee, Otú ọ dị, ọrụ Ostrom (1990) na otú ndị mmadụ na-eji ezigbo ihe onwunwe na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ iji guzobe iwu ndị na-achị onwe ha iji belata ihe ize ndụ nke ọdachi nke ndị nkịtị. Mbelata mmetụta mgbanwe ihu igwe bụ ihe atụ nke ọdịmma ọha na eze, ebe a naghị egosipụta uru ọha na eze kpamkpam na ọnụahịa ahịa. N'ihi na uru akụkụ nkeonwe dị obere karịa uru ọha mmadụ ahịa na-enye mbelata mgbanwe ihu igwe. Nke a bụ ọdịmma ọha na eze ebe ọ bụ na ihe ize ndụ nke mgbanwe ihu igwe bụ ma ndị na-emegide ma na-enweghị ike iwepụ. Mgbalị ndị dị otú ahụ abụghị ndị na-asọ mpi ebe ọ bụ na mbelata ihu igwe na-enye mmadụ adịghị ebelata ọkwa nke mbelata nke onye ọ bụla ọzọ na-enwe. Ha bụ omume enweghị ike iwepụ n'ihi na ha ga-enwe nsonaazụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke enweghị ike iwepụ onye ọ bụla. A na-ebelata mkpali obodo itinye ego na mbelata carbon n'ihi na ọ nwere ike "ịnya ụgbọ ala n'efu" pụọ na mbọ nke mba ndị ọzọ. Ihe karịrị otu narị afọ gara aga, onye na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba Sweden bụ Knut Wicksell (1896) buru ụzọ kwurịta otú ahịa nwere ike isi na-enye ngwá ahịa ọha na eze n'ihi na ndị mmadụ nwere ike izochi mmasị ha maka ihe ọma, ma ka na-enweta uru na-akwụghị ha ụgwọ. === Uru === Ịtụle uru akụ na ụba nke gburugburu ebe obibi bụ isi isiokwu dị n'ime ubi. Ụkpụrụ nke ihe ndị sitere n'okike anaghị egosipụtakarị n'ọnụ ahịa ndị ahịa na-etinye na, n'eziokwu, ọtụtụ n'ime ha dị n'enweghị ego ọ bụla. Esemokwu a na-ebutekarị mgbagha na ọnụahịa nke akụ sitere n'okike: ma iji ha emebiga ihe ókè na itinye ego n'ime ha. Uru akụ na ụba ma ọ bụ uru a na-ahụ anya nke ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi yana, n'ozuzu ya, nke akụrụngwa sitere n'okike, gụnyere ma ojiji ma na-apụtaghị ìhè (lee akụkụ ọdịdị nke akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi). Ụkpụrụ anaghị eji eme ihe gụnyere ịdị adị, nhọrọ na ụkpụrụ arịrịọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụfọdụ ndị nwere ike iji ịdị adị nke ụdị ụdị dị iche iche kpọrọ ihe, n'agbanyeghị mmetụta mfu nke ụdị dị na ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi. Ịdị adị nke ụdị ndị a nwere ike ịnwe uru nhọrọ, n'ihi na enwere ike iji ya mee ihe maka ụfọdụ ebumnuche mmadụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ike ịchọta ụfọdụ osisi maka ọgwụ. Ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu nwere ike iji ikike ịhapụ ebe mara mma maka ụmụ ha. A na-enwetakarị ụkpụrụ ojiji na ndị na-apụtaghị ìhè site na omume ekpughere, dị ka ọnụ ahịa ime njem ntụrụndụ ma ọ bụ iji ụzọ hedonic nke a na-eme atụmatụ ụkpụrụ dabere na ọnụ ahịa hụrụ. A na-echekarị ụkpụrụ ndị anaghị eji ya eme ihe site na iji usoro mmasị ekwuputara dị ka ntule na-adịte aka ma ọ bụ ụdị nhọrọ. Ntụle ọnụ ahịa na-adịkarị n'ụdị nyocha nke a na-ajụ ndị mmadụ ego ole ha ga-akwụ iji lelee ma megharịa na gburugburu ebe obibi (mmasị ịkwụ ụgwọ) ma ọ bụ njikere ha ịnara ụgwọ (WTA) maka mbibi nke ọdịmma gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọnụ ahịa Hedonic na-enyocha mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi na-enwe na mkpebi akụ na ụba site na ọnụ ahịa ụlọ, mmefu njem, na ịkwụ ụgwọ ileta ogige ntụrụndụ. === Nkwado gọọmentị === Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ gọọmentị niile na steeti na-ebuli mmerụ ahụ gburugburu site n'inye ụdị enyemaka dị iche iche nwere mmetụta nke ịkwụ ụgwọ ụlọ ọrụ na ndị na-eme ihe n'ụzọ akụ na ụba ọzọ iji na-erigbu akụ sitere n'okike karịa ichebe ha. Nbibi nke ụdị enyemaka ọhaneze dị otú ahụ ka e jiri nlezianya mee atụmatụ na $4-$6 trillion U.S. dollar kwa afọ. == Ihe ngwọta == Ihe ngwọta a na-akwado iji dozie ihe ndị dị otú ahụ gụnyere: * '' Environmental regulations''. Under this plan, the economic impact has to be estimated by the regulator. Usually, this is done using cost-benefit analysis. There is a growing realization that regulations (also known as "command and control" instruments) are not so distinct from economic instruments as is commonly asserted by proponents of environmental economics. E.g.1 regulations are enforced by fines, which operate as a form of tax if pollution rises above the threshold prescribed. E.g.2 pollution must be monitored and laws enforced, whether under a pollution tax regime or a regulatory regime. The main difference an environmental economist would argue exists between the two methods, however, is the total cost of the regulation. "Command and control" regulation often applies uniform emissions limits on polluters, even though each firm has different costs for emissions reductions, i.e., some firms, in this system, can abate pollution inexpensively, while others can only abate it at high cost. Because of this, the total abatement in the system comprises some expensive and some inexpensive efforts. Consequently, modern "Command and control" regulations are oftentimes designed in a way that addresses these issues by incorporating utility parameters. For instance, CO₂ emission standards for specific manufacturers in the automotive industry are either linked to the average vehicle footprint (US system) or average vehicle weight (EU system) of their entire vehicle fleet. Environmental economic regulations find the cheapest emission abatement efforts first, and then move on to the more expensive methods. E.g. as said earlier, trading, in the quota system, means a firm only abates pollution if doing so would cost less than paying someone else to make the same reduction. This leads to a lower cost for the total abatement effort as a whole.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}} * ''Quotas on pollution''. Often it is advocated that pollution reductions should be achieved by way of tradeable emissions permits, which if freely traded may ensure that reductions in pollution are achieved at least cost. In theory, if such tradeable quotas are allowed, then a firm would reduce its own pollution load only if doing so would cost less than paying someone else to make the same reduction, i.e., only if buying tradeable permits from another firm(s) is costlier. In practice, tradeable permits approaches have had some success, such as the U.S.'s sulphur dioxide trading program or the EU Emissions Trading Scheme, and interest in its application is spreading to other environmental problems. * ''Taxes and tariffs on pollution''. Increasing the costs of polluting will discourage polluting, and will provide a "dynamic incentive", that is, the disincentive continues to operate even as pollution levels fall. A pollution tax that reduces pollution to the socially "optimal" level would be set at such a level that pollution occurs only if the benefits to society (for example, in form of greater production) exceeds the costs. This concept was introduced by Arthur Pigou, a British economist active in the late nineteenth through the mid-twentieth century. He showed that these externalities occur when markets fail, meaning they do not naturally produce the socially optimal amount of a good or service. He argued that “a tax on the production of paint would encourage the [polluting] factory to reduce production to the amount best for society as a whole.”<ref>{{Cite book|title=A little history of economics|author=Kishtainy, Niall|isbn=9780300234527|oclc=1039849897|date=2018-02-27}}</ref> These taxes are known amongst economists as Pigouvian Taxes, and they regularly implemented where negative externalities are present. Some advocate a major shift from taxation from income and sales taxes to tax on pollution - the so-called "green tax shift". * ''Better defined [[Ikike inwe ihe|property rights]]''. The Coase Theorem states that assigning property rights will lead to an optimal solution, regardless of who receives them, if transaction costs are trivial and the number of parties negotiating is limited. For example, if people living near a factory had a right to clean air and water, or the factory had the right to pollute, then either the factory could pay those affected by the pollution or the people could pay the factory not to pollute. Or, citizens could take action themselves as they would if other property rights were violated. The US River Keepers Law of the 1880s was an early example, giving citizens downstream the right to end pollution upstream themselves if the government itself did not act (an early example of bioregional democracy). Many markets for "pollution rights" have been created in the late twentieth century—see emissions trading. According to the Coase Theorem, the involved parties will bargain with each other, which results in an efficient solution. However, modern economic theory has shown that the presence of asymmetric information may lead to inefficient bargaining outcomes.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Myerson|first=Roger B|date=1983|title=Efficient mechanisms for bilateral trading|journal=Journal of Economic Theory|volume=29|issue=2|pages=265–281|doi=10.1016/0022-0531(83)90048-0|issn=0022-0531|url=http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/research/math/papers/469.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060901154809/http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/research/math/papers/469.pdf|archive-date=2006-09-01|access-date=2023-05-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> Specifically, Rob (1989) has shown that pollution claim settlements will not lead to the socially optimal outcome when the individuals that will be affected by pollution have learned private information about their disutility already before the negotiations take place.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Rob|first=Rafael|date=1989|title=Pollution claim settlements under private information|url=https://archive.org/details/journal-of-economic-theory_1989-04_47_2/page/307|journal=Journal of Economic Theory|volume=47|issue=2|pages=307–333|doi=10.1016/0022-0531(89)90022-7|issn=0022-0531}}</ref> Goldlücke and Schmitz (2018) have shown that inefficiencies may also result if the parties learn their private information only after the negotiations, provided that the feasible transfer payments are bounded.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Goldlücke|first=Susanne|date=2018|title=Pollution claim settlements reconsidered: Hidden information and bounded payments|journal=European Economic Review|volume=110|pages=211–222|doi=10.1016/j.euroecorev.2018.08.005|issn=0014-2921}}</ref> Using cooperative game theory, Gonzalez, Marciano and Solal (2019) have shown that in social cost problems involving more than three agents, the Coase theorem suffers from many counterexamples and that only two types of property rights lead to an optimal solution.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Gonzalez|first=Stéphane|date=2019|title=The social cost problem, rights, and the (non)empty core|journal=Journal of Public Economic Theory|volume=21|issue=2|pages=347–365|doi=10.1111/jpet.12334}}</ref> * ''Accounting for environmental externalities in the final price''. In fact, the world's largest industries burn about $7.3 trillion of free natural capital per year.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Roberts|first=David|date=2013-04-17|title=None of the world's top industries would be profitable if they paid for the natural capital they use|url=https://grist.org/business-technology/none-of-the-worlds-top-industries-would-be-profitable-if-they-paid-for-the-natural-capital-they-use/|accessdate=2022-12-14|work=Grist|language=en-us}}</ref> Thus, the world's largest industries would hardly be profitable if they had to pay for this destruction of natural capital. Trucost has assessed over 100 direct environmental impacts and condensed them into 6 key environmental performance indicators (EKPIs).{{Cite web|author=Joseph|date=2013-04-01|title=Natural Capital at Risk: The Top 100 Externalities of Business|url=https://capitalscoalition.org/natural-capital-at-risk-the-top-100-externalities-of-business/|accessdate=2022-12-14|work=Capitals Coalition|language=en-GB}}</ref> The assessment of environmental impacts is derived from different sources (academic journals, governments, studies, etc.) due to the lack of market prices. The table below gives an overview of the 5 regional sectors per EKPI with the highest impact on the overall EKPI: {| class="wikitable" |+Ọnọdụ nke mpaghara mpaghara 5 site na EKPI nwere mmetụta kachasị ukwuu n'ofe niile nke EKPIs mgbe a tụrụ ya na okwu ego<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Joseph|date=2013-04-01|title=Natural Capital at Risk: The Top 100 Externalities of Business|url=https://capitalscoalition.org/natural-capital-at-risk-the-top-100-externalities-of-business/|accessdate=2022-12-14|work=Capitals Coalition|language=en-GB}}</ref> !Ọnọdụ !IMPACT !Onye na-ahụ maka ihe !Ógbè !NATURAL CAPITAL COST, $BN !REVENU, $BN !RATIO IMPACT |- |1 |GHG |Ọkụ Coal Power |Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia |361.0 |443.1 |0.8 |- |2 |Iji Ala eme ihe |Ịkpa ehi na Ịzụ Ugbo |South America |312.1 |16.6 |18.7 |- |3 |GHG |Ihe igwe ihe ígwè na ígwè |Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia |216.1 |604.7 |0.4 |- |4 |Mmiri |Ịkpa Ọka |Ndịda Eshia |214.4 |31.8 |6.7 |- |5 |GHG |Ọkụ Coal Power |Ebe Ugwu America |201.0 |246.7 |0.8 |} Ọ bụrụ na ekwe ka ụlọ ọrụ tinye ụfọdụ n'ime mpụ ndị a na ọnụ ahịa ikpeazụ ha, nke a nwere ike imebi Jevons paradox ma nye ego ga-ezuru iji nyere ụlọ ọrụ aka imeputa ihe. == Mmekọrịta ya na ngalaba ndị ọzọ == Akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi metụtara akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi mana enwere ndịiche. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara akụ na ụba gburugburu ka a zụrụ azụ dị ka ndị ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara akụ na ụba. Ha na-etinye ngwá ọrụ nke akụ na ụba iji dozie nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi, ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-emetụta ihe ndị a na-akpọ ọdịda ahịa - ọnọdụ ndị "aka a na-adịghị ahụ anya" nke akụ na ụba na-enweghị ntụkwasị obi. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara akụ na ụba ka a zụrụ azụ dị ka ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi, mana agbasawanyela oke ọrụ ha iji tụlee mmetụta ụmụ mmadụ na ọrụ akụ na ụba ha na sistemu na ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi, na nke ọzọ. Mpaghara a na-ewere dị ka ntọala ya na akụnụba bụ mpaghara subfield siri ike nke gburugburu ebe obibi. A na-akọwa akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka iwere ụzọ dị iche iche maka nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi ma na-elekwasị anya n'ụzọ doro anya na nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi ogologo oge na okwu ọnụ ọgụgụ. A na-ele akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi anya dị ka ihe kachasị mma na usoro ọnụahịa; ecological Economics dị ka ihe ezi uche dị na ya na mbọ ya iwekota ihe ndị na-abụghị nke price usoro dị ka isi arbiters nke mkpebi. Otu ndị ọkachamara abụọ a na-enwe mgbe ụfọdụ echiche ndị na-emegiderịta onwe ha nke enwere ike gbadobere na nkwado nkà ihe ọmụma dị iche iche. Ihe ọzọ na-eme n'èzí bụ mgbe ijikọ ụwa ọnụ na-ekwe ka otu onye na-egwu egwu n'ahịa na-enweghị mmasị na ihe dị iche iche dị ndụ na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa nke onye ọzọ bụ - na-emepụta agbụrụ na ala na ụkpụrụ na nchekwa. Nke a, n'aka nke ya, nwere ike ịkpata mfu nke isi obodo site na mbuze, nsogbu ịdị ọcha mmiri, ọrịa, ọzara, na ihe ndị ọzọ na-adịghị mma n'echiche akụ na ụba. Nchegbu a metụtara mpaghara subfield nke mmepe na-adigide na mmekọrịta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya, mmegharị nke mba ụwa.<imagemap> Image:Sustainable development.svg|right|The [[three pillars of sustainability]] (clickable)|300px|thumb poly 138 194 148 219 164 240 182 257 219 277 263 291 261 311 264 331 272 351 283 366 300 383 316 394 287 408 261 417 224 424 182 426 154 423 119 415 87 403 58 385 40 368 24 347 17 328 13 309 16 286 26 263 43 240 64 224 84 212 107 202 [[Environment (biophysical)|Environment]] poly 324 219 334 226 343 234 351 242 359 251 366 263 371 276 375 287 400 279 417 272 438 263 453 252 466 241 477 229 488 214 497 193 482 189 463 188 423 188 398 191 376 196 352 204 [[Equity (economics)|Equitable]] poly 319 221 330 229 337 235 347 244 357 258 365 270 371 287 358 289 344 291 321 292 303 292 284 290 268 288 272 275 278 261 287 249 297 239 [[Sustainable development|Sustainable]] poly 142 192 167 188 185 187 211 187 235 190 263 196 286 203 304 212 316 219 305 227 295 236 285 246 276 259 269 272 264 287 249 284 229 277 208 268 190 256 172 242 158 226 149 212 [[Social ecology (theory)|Bearable (Social ecology)]] poly 267 291 265 304 267 320 275 345 284 360 293 371 304 381 319 392 332 384 343 374 354 362 364 347 371 332 373 317 374 305 372 292 362 293 344 295 323 296 301 296 286 294 [[Viable (Environmental economics)|Viable]] poly 501 193 519 197 541 205 561 215 582 228 604 248 616 267 623 286 626 305 623 326 617 343 607 359 596 373 580 386 563 397 538 409 517 417 494 422 468 425 432 426 413 424 396 421 375 416 353 409 335 401 323 394 335 386 349 372 360 359 374 331 377 313 377 299 376 290 388 288 410 280 458 256 481 233 [[Economics|Economic]] poly 141 188 139 173 143 147 152 126 169 107 191 88 216 75 242 65 280 55 310 53 352 54 379 60 415 71 447 88 461 99 475 112 488 128 496 147 500 162 500 176 500 189 471 185 452 183 410 185 369 194 337 206 319 216 305 208 279 197 257 191 230 185 199 183 199 182 199 183 [[Society|Social]] </imagemap>Akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi dị iche na akụ akụ akụ. Akụrụngwa akụ na ụba sitere n'okike dị ka mpaghara subfield malitere mgbe isi ihe na-eche ndị nyocha bụ nrigbu azụmaahịa kachasị mma nke akụ akụ sitere n'okike. Mana ndị na-ahụ maka akụrụngwa na ndị na-eme amụma mechara malite ileba anya na mkpa ka ukwuu nke akụrụngwa sitere n'okike (dịka ụkpụrụ azụ na osisi karịrị naanị nrigbu azụmahịa ha). O siri ike ugbu a ịmata ọdịiche dị na akụ na ụba "gburugburugburu" na "ihe okike" dị ka ubi dị iche iche ka ha abụọ jikọtara ya na nkwado. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara akụ na ụba akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ kewara ịrụ ọrụ na akụ na ụba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọzọ. Akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi bụ mmetụta dị ukwuu n'echiche nke ikekekeke n'okike na ego gburugburu ebe obibi, nke enwere ike ịsị na ọ bụ ngalaba abụọ nke akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi metụtara nchekwa nchekwa akụ na mmepụta, na uru nke ihe dị iche iche dị ndụ nye mmadụ, n'otu n'otu. Ozizi nke ikekete ụwa (Hawken, Lovins, Lovins) na-aga n'ihu karịa akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi ọdịnala site n'ichepụta ụwa ebe a na-ahụta ọrụ sitere n'okike dịka isi obodo. Ndị na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ndị ọzọ na-ajụ usoro akụ na ụba neoclassical na-akwado akụ na ụba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ọhụrụ karịa ikekete ọchịchị ma ọ bụ ọchịchị Kọmunist nke na-enye aka na mmekọrịta nke akụ na ụba mmadụ na gburugburu ebe obibi, na-ekwenye na "akụ na ụba bụ ụzọ atọ n'ụzọ ise nke gburugburu ebe obibi" - Mike Nickerson . Otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị a bụ onye na-akwado mgbanwe na ume ọhụrụ. Ụzọ ndị a na-esiwanye ike ga-apụta mgbanwe n'ịkwanye ego na ikekwe ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya nke bioregional nke mere na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụ na ụba, na gburugburu ebe obibi "oke gburugburu" kwadoro, ọ bụghị n'okpuru mkpebi ikpe a na-emekarị n'okpuru ikekete. Mpaghara mpaghara na-apụta nke akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi na-amụ njikọ ya na akụ na ụba mmepe. Ndị Michael Greenstone na B. Kelsey Jack kpọrọ "envirodevonomics" n'akwụkwọ ha bụ "Envirodevonomics: Agenda Research for a Young Field", ngalaba ahụ nwere mmasị karịsịa n'ịmụ "ihe kpatara àgwà gburugburu ebe obibi [ ji dị njọ na mba ndị na-emepe emepe." Atụmatụ maka ịghọta njikọ a nke ọma n'etiti GDP nke mba na àgwà gburugburu ebe obibi ya gụnyere nyochaa ole n'ime echiche etiti nke akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi, gụnyere ọdịda ahịa, mpụga, na njikere ịkwụ ụgwọ, nwere ike gbagwojuru anya site na nsogbu ndị dị iche iche na-eche mba ndị na-emepe emepe ihu, dị otú ahụ. dị ka okwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, enweghị akụrụngwa, ma ọ bụ akụrụngwa ego ezughị oke, n'etiti ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. N'ihe gbasara iwu na akụnụba, a na-amụ iwu gburugburu ebe obibi site n'echiche akụ na ụba. Nyocha akụ na ụba nke ihe ọmụmụ iwu gburugburu ebe obibi dị ka zoning, mbupụ, ikikere, ụgwọ ndị ọzọ, ụkpụrụ nchekwa, mkpuchi amanyere iwu, na mmachi mpụ. Akwụkwọ Michael Faure (2003) na-enyocha akwụkwọ a. == Òtù ndị ọkachamara == Ndị isi agụmakwụkwọ na ndị ọkachamara maka ọzụzụ nke Environmental Economics bụ Association of Environmental and Resource Economists (AERE) na European Association for Environmental and Resource Economics (EAERE). Isi ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ na ọkachamara maka ọzụzụ nke Ecological Economics bụ International Society for Ecological Economics (ISEE). Isi nzukọ maka Green Economics bụ Green Economics Institute.   8rpsgx1y94ww6xfr5pxq329f9v12gyg 0 27071 729872 541167 2026-10-01T17:02:42Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729872 wikitext text/x-wiki CIH Bank S.A. (Crédit immobilier et hôtelier) bụ ụlọ akụ [[Morocco|Moroccan]]. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke otu Caisse de dépôt et de gestion (CDG), na-etinye uche karịsịa na mpaghara ụlọ na njem nlegharị anya. Ọ na-enyekwa ọrụ ụlọ akụ na-ere ahịa. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == E guzobere ụlọ akụ CIH na 1920 dị ka Caisse de prêts immobiliers du Maroc (CPIM). Mgbe ọ banyere na ngalaba njem nleta na 1967, ọ gbanwere aha ya ka ọ bụrụ Crédit immobilier et hôtelier.<ref name="hist" /> Dị ka nke 2014, CIH Bank na-enye ọrụ sara mbara n'akụkụ niile nke ahịa ụlọ akụ.. == Ọrụ == na 2022, CIH na MasterCard malitere ọrụ ịkwụ ụgwọ dijitalụ "CIH PAY", nke na-enye ndị ahịa ohere iji ekwentị ha maka ịkwụ ụgwọ na azụmahịa<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2022/02/347287/moroccos-cih-mastercard-celebrate-cih-pay-launch|title=Morocco's CIH, Mastercard Celebrate CIH PAY Launch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cihpay.ma/|title=Home|work=cihpay.ma|accessdate=2023-06-09|archivedate=2023-06-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230609224447/https://www.cihpay.ma/}}</ref> == Ndị isi ala gara aga == * [[Ayoub Boubalgha]] (2001) * [[Akram El Masfioui]] (2002) * Abdelouahed Souhail (1998 - 2001) * [[Mohamed El Alej]] * Khalid Alioua (24 Julaị 2004 - 24 Eprel 2009)<ref name="ali">{{Cite web|url=http://www.leconomiste.com/article.html?a=92828|archiveurl=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20110224000348/http://www.leconomiste.com/article.html?a%3D92828|accessdate=October 24, 2014|work=[[L'Economiste]]|title=Ali Harraj, un pur produit de la CDG dont il dirige le pôle financier|language=fr|date=2001|archivedate=February 24, 2011}}</ref> * [[Ali Harraj]]<ref name="ali" /> (N'oge) * Ahmed Rahhou (6 Ọktoba 2009 - 4 June 2019) == Njikọ mpụga == * (in French) [https://web.archive.org/web/20230610083322/https://www.cihbank.ma/ Official website] * (in French) [https://web.archive.org/web/20230327044212/https://www.casablanca-bourse.com/BourseWeb/Societe-Cote.aspx?codevaleur=3100 CIH Bank Stock in the Casablanca Stock Exchange] == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} h76hi8ih933c8l1yqwsnycn3kps7pu6 0 27690 729932 207587 2026-10-02T05:12:42Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729932 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Anne-Marie Goumba''' (amụrụ ya na 9 Ọktoba nke afo 1954), bụ onye otu National Assembly nke Central Afrikan Republik na dịka onye otu Pan-Afrikan Parliament site na [[Central African Republic]]. Ọ bụ nwanyị di ya nwụrụ nke onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Central Afrika ogologo oge aha ya bụ Abel Goumba. == Mmalite ndu == A mụrụ Anne-Marie Mbakondo na 9 Ọktoba n’afo 1954 na Nyanza, nke Obodo Rwanda. O bu ụzọ gụọ akwụkwọ dị elu na École Normale Supérieure na Save, Rwanda, tupu ọ gaa gụọ akwụkwọ na Université Catholique d'Afrique Centrale . O mechara rụọ ọrụ nkuzi dịka prọfesọ na Butare Faculty of Medicine n'etiti afọ 1973 na afo 1977. Mgbe ọ nọ ebe ahụ, ọ zutere Abel Goumba, onye bụkwa onye nkuzi na nsogbu ahụike ọha na eze, o mechara lụọ ya.<ref name="dictionary" /> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Di ya bụ onye na-eme mgbanwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na obodo Central Afrika ogologo oge, onye guzobere ihe mechara bụrụ Patriotic Front for Progress party. Ọ kwadokwara ọrụ nke FPP, ma guzo na ntuli aka nke etiti Afrịka n'afọ 2005 ma họpụta ya dịja onye nnọchi anya mpaghara nke ise nke Bangui na pasenti 37.32 na ntuliaka nke 8 Mee. N'otu ntuli aka ahụ, di ya hapuzikwara oche ya. Mgbe a kpọchara ya aha na National Assembly nke Central Afrikan Republik, a kpọrọ ya aha dịka onye nnọchi anya Central Afrika na Pan-African Parliament.<ref name="dictionary">{{Cite book|author=Bradshaw|first=Richard|title=Historical Dictionary of the Central African Republic|date=2016|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|location=Lanham, MD|isbn=978-0-81087-991-1|pages=312–314|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aSxIDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA313}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFBradshawFandos-Rius2016">Bradshaw, Richard; Fandos-Rius, Juan (2016). [https://books.google.com/books?id=aSxIDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA313 ''Historical Dictionary of the Central African Republic'']. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. pp.&nbsp;312–314. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Ihe pụrụ iche:BookSources/978-0-81087-991-1|<bdi>978-0-81087-991-1</bdi>]].</cite></ref> N'ọnwa Jenụwarị n’ afọ 2015, o toro mbọ ndị na-eme iji chekwaa udo na Rwanda, na-ekwu na ọ bụ ezie na ọ biri na Central African Republic ruo afọ 30, ọ dịghị mgbe ọ na-echefu na ọ si Rwanda.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Rwandais de Centrafrique : Rapatriés au vu du comportement des RDF|url=http://rwandaises.com/2015/01/rwandais-de-centrafrique-rapatries-au-vu-du-comportement-des-rdf/|accessdate=1 November 2016|language=French|work=Rwanda News|date=29 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630094354/https://rwandaises.com/2015/01/rwandais-de-centrafrique-rapatries-au-vu-du-comportement-des-rdf/|archive-date=30 June 2022|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye nhazi nke otu na-abụghị nke gọọmentị Les Flamboyants, nke na-achọ igbochi ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka.<ref>{{Cite web|title=PRESU: les travaux connaissent une avancée|url=http://www.journaldebangui.com/article.php?aid=9559|publisher=Journal de Bangui|accessdate=1 November 2016|language=French|date=25 February 2016}}</ref> == Edensibia == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] r4evnjnoekc4r4vgt2zikvr46bovqru 0 28753 729789 539756 2026-10-01T12:11:06Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729789 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Zion Lights 2020 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Zion lights 2020 (cropped).jpg]]{{Databox}} Zion Lights (amụrụ na June 1984) bụ onye edemede na onye na-eme ngagharị iwe nke Britain nke a maara maka ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi na nkwurịta okwu sayensị. Ọ bụ ọnụ na-ekwuchitere Extinction Rebellion (XR) UK na TV na redio n'etiti afọ 2018 na 2020, ma guzobe ma dezie akwụkwọ akụkọ XR's Hourglass. O dere otu kọlụm maka The Huffington Post, dere ''akwụkwọ'' na-abụghị akụkọ ifo nke dabeere na ihe akaebe The Ultimate Guide to Green Parenting, ma nye aka na ''Zero Waste Kids'' na onye ọrụ ebere Rob Greenfield Rob Greenfield. O nyela okwu TED banyere mkpa ọ dị ndị mmadụ inwe ike ile anya. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Lights na West Midlands. Nne na nna ya si n'otu obere obodo dị na Punjab na India kwaga UK ma bụrụ ndị ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ na Birmingham.<ref name="JobsNotSnobs">{{Cite web|author=Lights|first=Zion|title=Jobs Not Snobs: How Workers are the True Climate Heroes|url=https://zionlights.medium.com/jobs-not-snobs-how-workers-are-the-true-climate-heroes-30157b251c0a|work=Medium|date=24 November 2020|accessdate=23 June 2021}}</ref> Mgbe ọ dị obere, Lights pụtara na Junior Mastermind. E bipụtara uri mbụ ya n'akwụkwọ akụkọ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ. Lights gara Mahadum nke Reading, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 2005 na nzere na Asụsụ Bekee na Akwụkwọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/6569508.Zion_Lights|title=Zion Lights|work=goodreads|accessdate=2023-01-09}}</ref> Ọ gụsịrị MSc na Science Communication na Mahadum nke West nke England na 2019. == Ọrụ == Lights bụ onye na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na onye edemede na-elekwasị anya n'ịzụlite ụkpụrụ omume na mgbanwe ihu igwe. Ọ sonyeere Camp for Climate Action movement na 2006, ebe e jidere ya ọtụtụ ugboro maka ime ngagharị iwe maka itinye ego na coal na tar sands, ma hụ obi ọjọọ ndị uwe ojii na ogige Kingsnorth.<ref>{{Cite news|accessdate=2022-11-03|title=Climate Camp policing condemned|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/kent/7544233.stm|work=BBC News|date=5 August 2008}}</ref> Ọ pụtara na ''Good Morning Britain'' ọtụtụ ugboro iji kwuo maka mgbanwe ihu igwe, otu oge na-akpata nkatọ site n'aka ndị na-ekiri ya bụ ndị mere mkpesa na onye ọbịa Richard Madeley hapụrụ Lights ikwu okwu.<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2022-11-03|title=Richard Madeley slammed for interrupting climate change activist months after 'disrespecting' David Attenborough|url=https://metro.co.uk/2019/08/14/richard-madeley-slammed-interrupting-climate-change-activist-months-disrespecting-david-attenborough-10568621/|work=Metro|date=14 August 2019}}</ref> O dere otu ''akwụkwọ'' na-abụghị akụkọ ifo nke akpọrọ The Ultimate Guide to Green Parenting (2015). ma nye aka na nke ọzọ, ''Zero Waste Kids'', nke ya na Rob Greenfield dere.<ref name="newint">{{Cite web|url=http://newint.org/books/no-nonsense-guides/green-parenting/|title=The Ultimate Guide to Green Parenting -- New Internationalist|author=The New Internationalist Team|work=newint.org|accessdate=2023-08-13|archivedate=2018-09-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903223151/https://newint.org/books/no-nonsense-guides/green-parenting/}}</ref> N'afọ 2018 o wepụtara nchịkọta uri mbụ ya, Only a Moment . Abụ uri nke Lights apụtala na Tolpuddle Special nke magazin Citizen 32, na Musings, nchịkọta ''abụ'' nke a chịkọtara iji nweta ego maka La Leche League GB, na nso nso a na nchịkọta A Nightingale Sang, obere akwụkwọ akụkọ nke e mepụtara maka New Networks for Nature.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mothersmilkbooks.com/?page_id=51|title=Mother's Milk Books|work=mothersmilkbooks.com|accessdate=2023-08-13|archivedate=2018-12-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211010218/https://www.mothersmilkbooks.com/?page_id=51}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newnetworksfornature.org.uk/about-us/|title=New Networks for nature|accessdate=2023-08-13|archivedate=2020-05-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200503080820/https://www.newnetworksfornature.org.uk/about-us}}</ref> Lights bụ onye na-akwado sayensị n'ezoghị ọnụ: na 2015 ''akwụkwọ'' akụkọ Western Morning News kọrọ na ọ na-emegide pseudoscience.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.westernmorningnews.co.uk/Greenest-Mum-warns-internet-scare-mongers/story-27768325-detail/story.html|title='Greenest' Mum warns against internet scare-mongers|work=Western Morning News}}</ref> N'afọ 2018 o kwuru okwu TEDx banyere ihe ndị dị na mbara igwe, nke akpọrọ "Echegbula ile anya", na Mahadum Bristol. N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2015, ''akwụkwọ akụkọ'' The Daily Telegraph kpọrọ Lights 'nne kacha mma na Britain'.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/lifestyle/11848631/Is-this-Britains-greenest-mother.html|title=Meet Britain's Greenest Mother|work=telegraph.co.uk}}</ref> Na Septemba 2015 Lucy Siegle, na-ede na The Observer, kọwara Lights dị ka "''onye'' na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi, nke nwere obi ụtọ na ihe akaebe. O nweghị ụgbọala nwere akụkọ ifo ndị hippy - ọ kwenyere na ị kwesịrị ịgba nwa gị ọgwụ mgbochi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/sep/13/eco-guide-to-green-parenting-lucy-siegle|title=The eco guide to green parenting|work=The Observer|date=13 September 2015}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye na-ede ''akwụkwọ akụkọ'' maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Express & Echo ruo ọnwa isii na 2014. Ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke magazin ''Juno'' ruo afọ 7 ma dee maka The Huffington Post.<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2021-02-26|title=Zion Lights|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/author/zion-lights/|work=HuffPost UK}}</ref> Lights hapụrụ ''Juno'' na 2019 iji rụọ ọrụ maka Extinction Rebellion ebe ọ bụ akụkụ nke XR UK's Media & Messaging team. O guzobere ma dezie akwụkwọ akụkọ XR The Hourglass, nke malitere na Septemba 2019 wee gaa ruo Mee 2020. Dị ka ọnụ na-ekwuchitere Extinction Rebellion Lights kwuru ma dee ugboro ugboro na mgbasa ozi iji gbachitere nnupụisi obodo dị ka usoro maka ime ihe na mgbanwe ihu igwe.<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2022-11-03|title=We need to disrupt your day with climate protests so you sit up and take notice|url=https://metro.co.uk/2019/09/20/we-need-to-disrupt-your-day-with-climate-protests-so-you-sit-up-and-take-notice-10767683/|work=Metro|date=20 September 2019}}</ref> O gosipụtara na ihe ngosi NOW. nke onye Germany na-eme ihe nkiri Jim Rakete na ihe ngosi Al Jazeera What Is Climate Change?<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2022-11-03|title=NOW - W-Film|url=https://www.wfilm.de/en/now/|work=WFilm.de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2022-11-03|title=What Is Climate Change? Start Here|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dcBXmj1nMTQ&feature=youtu.be&ab_channel=AlJazeeraEnglish|work=YouTube}}</ref> Ọ pụtara na BBC ọtụtụ ugboro iji kwurịta ike nke mkpesa na mkpa maka omume ihu igwe, a gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ na pọdkastị Ed Miliband Reasons to be Cheerful .<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2022-11-03|title=XR's Zion Lights weighs in on, "Does protest work?"|url=https://extinctionrebellion.uk/2019/08/30/xrs-zion-lights-weighs-in-on-does-protest-work/|work=Extinction Rebellion UK|date=30 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2022-11-03|title=108. KEEP IT CIVIL (AND DISOBEDIENT): the power of non-violent direct action|url=https://play.acast.com/s/reasonstobecheerful/108.keepitcivil-anddisobedient-thepowerofnon-violentdirectaction|work=Acast}}</ref> Ọ hapụrụ XR mgbe a gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ na The Andrew Neil Show n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2019 ebe ọ na-enweghị ike ịgbachitere nkwupụta nke onye guzobere Extinction Rebellion mere na ijeri mmadụ 6 ga-anwụ na njedebe nke narị afọ n'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe. Ajụjụ ọnụ ahụ gbasara ma nweta mgbasa ozi zuru oke na nkatọ. N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe ajụjụ ọnụ ahụ gasịrị, Lights kwupụtara n'ihu ọha banyere nkwupụta ahụ, na-agwa BBC na: "Ọ bụ isi okwu na-adọrọ mmasị - mana ọ dị mwute ikwu na ọ bụghị eziokwu, ma ọ bụ n'ezie ihe akaebe ọ bụla kwadoro ya. Dị ka o doro anya nye onye ọ bụla maara m - ọbụnakwa onye na-ekiri ihe na-adịghị mma - a tụbara m n'ime nrọ ọjọọ PR. Enweghị m ike ịgbachitere ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ, mana dịka ọnụ na-ekwuchitere gọọmentị ma ọ bụ a ga-ahụ m ka m katọrọ ya. Ihe niile m nwere ike ime, kama nke ahụ, bụ n'okpuru ọkụ ọkụ nke ọkụ studio maka ihe dị ka ebighi ebi. "<ref>{{Cite news|accessdate=2022-11-03|title=Extinction Rebellion: Nuclear power 'only option' says former spokeswoman|work=BBC News|date=10 September 2020|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-54103163}}</ref> Na nzaghachi, Extinction Rebellion gbachitere nkwupụta ahụ ma kpọọ ndị mgbasa ozi ka ha wepụ Lights.<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2022-11-03|title=Statement on Zion Lights, Michael Shellenberger and the Breakthrough Institute|url=https://extinctionrebellion.uk/2020/09/16/statement-on-zion-lights-michael-shellenberger-and-the-breakthrough-institute/|work=Extinction Rebellion UK|date=16 September 2020}}</ref> Zion enyewo nkuzi n'ọtụtụ mahadum, The Royal Institution, na REF na Paris n'akụkụ ndị minista France ebe ọ kpọrọ gọọmentị France ka ha nwee oké ọchịchọ na atụmatụ ike nuklia ha.<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2022-11-03|title=Revivez #LaREF22 - "Eviter la panne - L'énergie à tout prix ?"|url=https://www.medef31.fr/en/actualite-nationale/-1239|work=Mouvement des entreprises de France|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221103195443/https://www.medef31.fr/en/actualite-nationale/-1239|archive-date=2022-11-03|url-status=dead}}</ref> Okwu ya na-elekwasị anya na mkpa ọ dị ịkparịta ụka sayensị n'ụzọ dị irè, ihu igwe na ọnọdụ mberede gburugburu ebe obibi, nsogbu na gburugburu ebe obibi na ike dị ọcha, ahụmịhe ya nke ịbụ nwanyị na-acha uhie uhie na mmegharị akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2022-11-03|title=In my 16 years as a climate activist of colour, this is what I've learned|url=https://gal-dem.com/climate-activism-person-of-colour-racism/|work=Gal-dem|date=10 January 2022|archivedate=2022-11-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221103195436/https://gal-dem.com/climate-activism-person-of-colour-racism/}}</ref> == ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Lights abụwo onye ndụmọdụ obodo Labour maka ngalaba Pennsylvania na Exeter kemgbe Mee 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://committees.exeter.gov.uk/mgUserInfo.aspx?UID=6676|title=Councillor details - Councillor Zion Lights|date=30 July 2021|accessdate=13 August 2023|archivedate=13 August 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230813144143/http://committees.exeter.gov.uk/mgUserInfo.aspx?UID=6676}}</ref> Ọ bụbu onye otu Green Party, mana ọ kwụsịrị na-ekwu maka enweghị nkwekọrịta banyere ike nuklia: "E nwere ndị otu Green Party abụọ na onye ọkà mmụta sayensị si na UK Met Office". Ha kwurịtara okwu ogologo oge banyere renewables mana ekwughị banyere nuklia, "Ya mere, ajụrụ m ajụjụ ahụ onye ọkà mmụta sayensị ahụ: 'Nnyocha m na-agụ na-ekwu na anyị chọrọ nuklia n'akụkụ renewables". Mana onye na-eme ihe omume ahụ ekweghị ka ọ zaghachi na maịkrofon. Ndị ọzọ so na ya kwuru, 'anyị adịghị anyị mkpa nuklia' ma onye ọ bụla na-eti mkpu! A hapụrụ m Green Party n'otu ụbọchị ahụ. "<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2022-11-03|title=Zion Lights: Standing up for nuclear|url=https://www.thomas-thor.com/us/zion-lights-standing-up-for-nuclear/|work=Thomas Thor Associates|date=14 September 2020}}</ref> == Ike nuklia == N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe ọ hapụsịrị XR, Lights ghọrọ onye nduzi nke ngalaba UK nke Environmental Progress, otu nzukọ nke Michael Shellenberger guzobere ma duzie iji kwado maka ike nuklia. Zion kpọtụrụ Michael na mbụ iji mee mkpesa banyere otu edemede o dere maka Forbes nke e sere ya na Greta Thunberg, US Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, Bill McKibben na koala n'okpuru isiokwu 'Ihe mere nkwupụta Apocalyptic banyere Mgbanwe ihu igwe ji njọ'<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2019/11/25/why-everything-they-say-about-climate-change-is-wrong/?sh=9a2965212d6a|title=Why Apocalyptic Claims About Climate Change Are Wrong|work=[[Forbes]]|date=25 November 2021}}</ref> N'oge mkparịta ụka kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ, Shellenberger kpughere mmegide gburugburu ebe obibi megide ike nuklia, Lights gwakwara ya na ọ gbanwere obi ya ma ugbu a ọ na-akwado ike nuklia. A na-enye ya ọrụ na-akwado ya, ma dee na "Oge eruola ilekwasị anya na ngwọta. Ọ dị oke mkpa na ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na-ekwu eziokwu banyere ike nuklia, kama itinye aka na nrụgide na egwu nke ndị ọgbọ. "<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cityam.com/a-message-from-a-former-extinction-rebellion-activist-fellow-environmentalists-join-me-in-embracing-nuclear-power/|title=A message from a former Extinction Rebellion activist: Fellow environmentalists, join me in embracing nuclear power|date=25 June 2020}}</ref> Mgbe ọnwa 5 gasịrị na Environmental Progress, Lights hapụrụ iji guzobe otu ndị na-ahụ maka ihu igwe nke ya, Emergency [[Emergency Reactor|Reactor]], nke ya na onye ọrụ ebere Daniel Aegerter, Robert Stone, na Joel Scott-Halkes guzobere. Ọ ghọwo otu n'ime ndị ọkà okwu a na-achọkarị n'ụwa banyere ike nuklia, na-ede maka akwụkwọ akụkọ gburugburu ụwa gụnyere akwụkwọ akụkọ German ''Die Welt'', ma na-apụta na akwụkwọ akụkọ na mgbasa ozi French gụnyere l'Express, la Tribune, ''France 24'', ''Atlantico'', le Point, ''Marianne'', na l'Opinion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.welt.de/debatte/kommentare/plus234484614/Ex-Sprecherin-von-Extinction-Rebellion-Warum-ich-als-Klimaaktivistin-neuerdings-fuer-Atomenergie-kaempfe.html|title=Warum ich als Klimaaktivistin neuerdings für Atomenergie kämpfe|work=Die Welt|date=18 October 2021|author=Lights|first=Zion}}</ref> O jirila ịbụ onye na-emegide nuklia tụnyere ịbụ onye na na-emegidesi ọgwụ mgbochi ma gwa ndị nta akụkọ France na "mgbatị ọ bụla ụlọ ọrụ nuklia bụ mpụ megide mmadụ".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lexpansion.lexpress.fr/actualite-economique/zion-lights-chaque-fermeture-de-centrale-nucleaire-est-un-crime-contre-la-planete_2136478.amp.html|title=Zion Lights : "Chaque fermeture de centrale nucléaire est un crime contre la planète"|date=17 October 2020}}</ref> Emergency Reactor emeela ọtụtụ ngagharị iwe na London na Bristol na UK, gụnyere ịme agbamakwụkwọ n'etiti nuklia na renewables na COP26. Zion gosipụtara na akwụkwọ akụkọ Australia The Clean Energy Debate na 2021 ma dee ọtụtụ isiokwu iji dozie akụkọ ifo gbasara ike nuklia, na-ekwu na OpenDemocracy na a na-awakpo ya ugboro ugboro maka ime nke a.<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2022-11-03|title='We would not have climate change' if nuclear technology was embraced decades ago|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F7G0M5mr1Xc&ab_channel=SkyNewsAustralia|work=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/nuclear-power-is-clean-safe-and-cheap-we-need-it-to-stop-global-heating/|title=Nuclear power is clean, safe and cheap. We need it to stop global heating|date=2 February 2022}}</ref> O dere akwụkwọ maka Knowmad Insitut on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), nke gụnyere mmanụ ala ma ọ bụghị ike nuklia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://knowmadinstitut.org/2022/03/the-missing-role-of-nuclear-energy-in-the-sustainable-development-goals/|title=The (Missing) Role of Nuclear Energy in the Sustainable Development Goals|date=31 March 2022|accessdate=13 August 2023|archivedate=24 September 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230924105534/https://knowmadinstitut.org/2022/03/the-missing-role-of-nuclear-energy-in-the-sustainable-development-goals/}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Lights bụ nne naanị ya ma soro ụmụ ya nwanyị abụọ biri na Devon.<ref>{{Cite web|accessdate=2021-02-26|title=Zion Lights|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/author/zion-lights/|work=HuffPost UK}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == * Ihe ndị ọzọ a ga-eche n'echiche dị otú a: Akụkọ nke ọtụtụ Akụkọ, na Ọtụtụ Akụkọ Banyere Otu Akụkọ. E bipụtara ya n'onwe ya, 2010. . * ''The Ultimate Guide to Green Parenting''. New Internationalist, 2015.<ref name="newint"/>  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-1780262482|978-1780262482]] * ''Naanị Otu Oge''. E bipụtara ya n'onwe ya, 2018.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] [[Special:BookSources/978-0244723903|978-0244723903]]. == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] o4x9eewfv0y3qwa7oh0jg9vc89947ys 0 29591 729863 687504 2026-10-01T16:18:24Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729863 wikitext text/x-wiki {|{{Infobox ship begin}} {{Infobox ship image|Ship image=}} {{Infobox ship career|Hide header=|Ship country=[[Republic of Panama]]|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Panama|civil}}|Ship name=''Golfo Azzurro''|Ship owner=Deep Water Foundation|Ship operator=|Ship ordered=|Ship builder=Visser Den Helder|Ship yard number=111|Ship laid down=|Ship launched=|Ship completed=1987|Ship christened=|Ship renamed=2010|Ship acquired=|Ship in service=|Ship out of service=|Ship homeport=Rotterdam|Ship identification={{IMO Number|8505721}}|Ship fate=|Ship status=|Ship notes=}} {{Infobox ship characteristics|Hide header=|Header caption=|Ship class=|Ship tonnage=350|Ship displacement=|Ship length={{convert|42.81|m|ft}}|Ship beam={{convert|8.5|m|ft}}|Ship height=|Ship draught={{convert|4.42|m|ft}}|Ship depth=|Ship ice class=|Ship sail plan=|Ship power=2350 HP|Ship propulsion=Caterpillar|Ship auxiliary propulsion=Caterpillar|Ship speed={{convert|13|kn}}|Ship capacity=|Ship crew=|Ship notes=<ref name="Ships of the Haringvliet">{{cite web |author=Anton Trommel |url=http://www.zeeschepenophetharingvliet.nl/index.php?page=ship&ship=Golfo%20Azzurro |title=Zeeschepen op het Haringvliet |trans-title=Seagoing vessels on the Haringvliet |publisher=Zeeschepenophetharingvliet.nl |date= |access-date=2013-10-06 |accessdate=2023-08-19 |archivedate=2022-11-29 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129034030/http://www.zeeschepenophetharingvliet.nl/index.php?page=ship&ship=Golfo%20Azzurro }}</ref> <ref name="sfpa">{{cite web |url=http://www.ship-hunters.be/photo%20gallery/Fp/Fishing/T/TX33%20maarten%20cornelis.htm |title=TX33 Maarten Cornelis |publisher=Ship-hunters.be |access-date=2013-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311060821/http://www.ship-hunters.be/photo%20gallery/Fp/Fishing/T/TX33%20maarten%20cornelis.htm |archive-date=2012-03-11 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}} |} [[Faịlụ:IMO 8505721 GOLFO AZZURRO (01).jpg|thumb|Ọwara Oké Osimiri Azzurro]] E bidoro ụgbọ mmiri North Sea '''MS''' Golfo Azzurro na 1987 dị ka '''''Maarten Cornelis''''', ọ bụkwa ụgbọ mmiri mbụ na [[Netherlands]] nke nwere EUR SumWing.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oceanguardians.org/forum/showthread.php?10910-Golfo-Azzurro-video|title=oceanguardians.org|accessdate=September 5, 2010|archivedate=August 25, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100825052809/http://www.oceanguardians.org/forum/showthread.php?10910-Golfo-Azzurro-video}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://koopvaardy.web-log.nl/mijn_weblog/2009/01/eurokotter-over.html|title=Koopvaardy|accessdate=Sep 6, 2010|archivedate=July 24, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724173007/http://koopvaardy.web-log.nl/mijn_weblog/2009/01/eurokotter-over.html}}</ref> Site na 2016-2017 ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ NGO Spanish Proactiva Open Arms kwụrụ ụgwọ ya ma jiri ya mee ihe maka ọrụ ọchụchọ na nnapụta dị nso na mmiri [[Libya]].<ref>{{Cite news|author=Behrakis|first=Yannis|date=2017-08-15|title=Spanish migrant rescue ship threatened by Libyan coastguard: witness|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-europe-migrants-libya-ngo-idUSKCN1AV20Q|accessdate=2020-11-16}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Dị ka TX 33 ''Maarten Cornelis'', na 2009 e ji ya nwalee "SumWing" nke kpatara obere nsogbu nala oké osimiri karịa omenala beam trawl nihi na nku ya naefe nelu ala mgbe ọ naegbu azụ. Ọ naejikwa obere mmanụ karịa ịkụ azụ ọdịnala. Nafọ 2010, ụlọ ọrụ Golfo Azzurro Foundation gbazitere ụgbọ mmiri ahụ bụ ndị ya na [[Onye Ọzụzụ Atụrụ Oké Osimiri Òtù Nchekwa|Sea Shepherd Conservation Society]] jikọrọ aka ma, site na iji ego sitere na Brigitte Bardot Foundation, jiri ụgbọ mmiri ahụ mee ihe maka ọrụ nlekota nzuzo na Danish Protectorate of the Faroe Islands.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seashepherd.org/news-and-media/news-100818-1.html|title=Death in the Ferocious Isles: Sea Shepherd under Escort by the Danish Navy|publisher=[[Sea Shepherd Conservation Society]]|accessdate=August 31, 2010|archivedate=August 28, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100828153739/http://www.seashepherd.org/news-and-media/news-100818-1.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.portal.fo/?lg=74044|title=Paul Watson eigur Golfo Azzurro|publisher=Portal.fo|accessdate=September 1, 2010}}</ref> Nabalị iri na asaa nọnwa Ọgọstụ, ndị uwe ojii Danish banyere nụgbọ mmiri ahụ ma nyochaa ya wee hapụ ya ka ọ gaa nokpuru ndị Royal Danish Navy. E kenyere ụgbọ mmiri Thetis nke Denmark <nowiki><i id="mwKA">Triton</i></nowiki> iji nyochaa omume ha.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.golfoazzurro.nl/golfoazzurro.nl/Sea_Shepherd_Nederland_en_de_Golfo_Azzurro.html|title=Stichting Golfo Azzurro|accessdate=September 5, 2010}}</ref> Na June 2016 Golfo Azzurro kpọrọ 'Boat Refuge Foundation', ntọala Dutch, ka ha gaa ịchọ ma napụta iji zọpụta ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na Oké Osimiri Mediterenian. Ọ bụ Adrian J. Sonneveld, Captain na shipmanager naelekọta ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. Ọ bụ ndị naeche nche nụsọ oké osimiri nke [[Italy|Ịtali]] naahụ maka ọrụ ọchụchọ na nnapụta. Golfo Azzuro naarụ ọrụ nokpuru ọkọlọtọ Panama. The Boat Refuge Foundation kwụrụ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ maka ọnụahịa ihe atụ. Ụlọ ọrụ Golfo Azzurro Foundation dị na Rotterdam. N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2016 ụlọ ọrụ NGO nke Spain bụ Proactiva Open Arms kwụrụ ụgwọ Golfo Azzurro, (NGO Boat Refuge Foundation kwụsịrị ọrụ ọchụchọ na nnapụta na Nọvemba afọ 2016) wee malite ịchọ na nnapụisi nakụkụ mmiri Libya. Noge ahụ, Pro Activa Open Arms naeme nchọta na nnapụta nke ọma na ụgbọ mmiri ASTRAL. Noge ọchụchọ na nnapụta na Mediterenian, netiti Ọgọst 2016 na Ọgọust 2017, Golfo Azzurro napụtara ihe karịrị ụmụ nwanyị, ụmụ nwoke na ụmụaka 8,500, ma kwado ndị NGO ndị ọzọ na ihe dị ka mmadụ 1500 nọ na nsogbu. Dị ka ụgbọ mmiri nnapụta ndị ọzọ, ọ chere egwu sitere naka ndị nche osimiri Libya ihu.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Behrakis|first=Yannis|date=2017-08-15|title=Spanish migrant rescue ship threatened by Libyan coastguard: witness|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-europe-migrants-libya-ngo-idUSKCN1AV20Q|accessdate=2020-11-16}}</ref> Nime ọnwa mbụ nke ọrụ nchọta na nnapụta René Hazenkamp si Netherlands (otu nime ndị ọrụ; onye naesi nri) mere ihe nkiri banyere Golfo Azzurro na ndị ọrụ ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gangway to a Future – Refugees Welcome Film Fest|url=https://refugeesfilmfest.com/film/gangway-to-a-future/|accessdate=2020-11-16|language=en-US|archivedate=2020-11-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124142559/https://refugeesfilmfest.com/film/gangway-to-a-future/}}</ref> Ihe nkiri a, GANGWAY TO A FUTURE, gosipụtara na Jenụwarị 2018 na International Film Festival Rotterdam. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{Cite web|url=http://www.golfoazzurro.nl/golfoazzurro.nl|title=Golfo Azzurro Foundation|accessdate=2023-08-19|archivedate=2012-03-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312003656/http://www.golfoazzurro.nl/golfoazzurro.nl/}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.golfoazzurro.nl/golfoazzurro.nl/Fotos.html|title=Vessel Photos}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.zeeschepenophetharingvliet.nl/index.php?page=ship&ship=Golfo%20Azzurro|title=Ships on the Haringvliet|accessdate=2023-08-19|archivedate=2022-11-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129034030/http://www.zeeschepenophetharingvliet.nl/index.php?page=ship&ship=Golfo%20Azzurro}} 53o48qg4g0e0cjcfyuwmjkb96tpool9 0 30285 729840 708335 2026-10-01T14:03:40Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729840 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Scientology sidebar}} '''Ịmụ nwa n'enweghị''' ụda, mgbe ụfọdụ a maara dị ka ịmụ nwa n'ụzọ dị jụụ, bụ usoro ịmụ nwa nke L. Ron Hubbard tụụrụ aro ya ma ndị Scientologists kwadoro ebe "onye ọ bụla na-aga '''ọmụmụ''' kwesịrị izere okwu dị ka o kwere mee" na ebe "... ndị dọkịta na ndị nọọsụ na-akparịta ụka, na-eti mkpu 'PUSH, PUSH' na okwu dara ụda ma ọ bụ ọchị iji 'gba ume'.<ref name="CoSFAQ">{{Cite web|author=Church of Scientology|year=2006|url=http://www.scientology.org/html/en_US/news-media/index.html|title=Scientology Newsroom|accessdate=2006-08-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060813105405/http://www.scientology.org/html/en_US/news-media/index.html|archivedate=2006-08-13}}</ref> Dị ka ozizi Scientology si kwuo, nke a bụ n'ihi na "okwu ọ bụla a na-ekwu na-edekọ n'uche na-emeghachi omume ma nwee mmetụta na-ezighi ezi na nne na nwatakịrị".<ref name="CoSFAQ" /> Hubbard kwenyere na iji okwu mebie ịgbachi nkịtị n'oge ịmụ nwa nwere ike imetụta nwatakịrị ahụ n'oge ndụ. Ndị òtù chọọchị kwenyere na mkpọtụ, ụda na okwu mgbe a na-amụ nwa nwere ike ịkpata mmerụ ahụ, nke na-akpata mmepụta nke engrams, si otú a na-achọ ọmụmụ nkịtị. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị kwenyere na ọ bụkwa ụzọ isi nyere nwa ọhụrụ aka na uto ime mmụọ ya.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Ashcraft-Eason|first=Lillian|title=Women and New African Religions|url=https://archive.org/details/womennewafricana0000unse|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2010|isbn=9780275991562}}</ref> Echiche nke ịmụ nwa n'emeghị mkpọtụ bụ omume iwu na nkuzi Scientology. Ọ dabeere n'ụkpụrụ na a ga-enye ndị nne dị ime nlekọta na nkwanye ùgwù na okwu Hubbard: "Onye ọ bụla ga-amụta ikwu ihe ọ bụla n'ime ịnụ nke nne dị ime site na ịrụ ọrụ na ịmụ nwa. Karịsịa n'oge ọmụmụ, a ghaghị ịnọgide na-agbachi nkịtị kpamkpam ma ka a na-amụ nwa n'ụzọ dị nro, ka mma. A na-eme ka ịmụ nwa n'emeghị mkpọtụ iji mee ka mgbanwe gaa na nkewa anụ ahụ site na nne ghara ịdị mgbu maka nwatakịrị ahụ. Chọọchị anaghị ekpe ikpe megide ọgwụ na ịmụ nwa na ngalaba ọwa. Enweghị mgbalị iji gosipụta nke a n'ụzọ ahụike ma ọ bụ nke sayensị na chọọchị anaghị ekwu na ọmụmụ nkịtị dị ka usoro ahụike kama ọ bụ nke okpukpe na nke nkà ihe ọmụma.<ref name="WebMD">{{Cite web|author=Shaw|first=Gina|year=2006|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,191731,00.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071230061118/https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,191731,00.html|archivedate=2007-12-30|title=Doctors Sound Off About TomKat 'Silent Birth' Plan|publisher=WebMD|accessdate=2006-05-01}}</ref><ref name="Pande" /> == Echiche sayensị == Ọtụtụ ndị dọkịta na ndị ọrụ ahụike ndị ọzọ ajụla ịdị irè nke ịmụ nwa n'enweghị ụda. Patricia Devine, MD, ọkachamara n'ịgwọ ọrịa nne na nwa nke na-eduzi Ngalaba [[Ọmụmụ nwa|Ọrụ na Nkwado]] na Mahadum Columbia Medical Center, kwuru, sị, "Enweghị ihe akaebe sayensị ọ bụla na iwepụ [ụda] n'oge ịmụ nwa ga-enwe mmetụta ọ bụla na nsonaazụ maka nwa ma ọ bụ nne".<ref name="WebMD"/> Mgbe a jụrụ ya ma enwere ihe akaebe ọ bụla nke na-egosi na ịmụ nwa n'olu bara uru, Damian Alagia, MD, osote prọfesọ na ngalaba nke obstetrics na gynecology na George Washington University Medical Center, zara, "Ọ nwere ike ịbụ na akwụkwọ Scientology, mana ọ bụghị na akwụkwọ sayensị. Na nghọta m, L. Ron Hubbard etinyeghị oge ọ bụla n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụike, na-amụ banyere ụmụaka ma ọ bụ na-amụ mmepe nwa ọhụrụ. Ide na nwa amụrụ n'ime mkpọtụ ga-eme ihe ọ bụla ka mma karịa nwa amụrụ, kwuo, ige Hank Williams ntị bụ naanị nzuzu.<ref name="WebMD"/> == Ray na Louise Spiering == N'afọ 2004, ndị Scientologists Ray na Louise Spiering gara n'ụlọ ikpe gọọmentị etiti iji kwuo na nyocha ọbara iwu Nebraska maka ụmụ ọhụrụ ga-emebi ikike ha ime "Ụzọ ọmụmụ na-adịghị ekwu okwu" nke okpukpe ha. Dị ka ikpe ahụ si kwuo "a ga-eme mgbalị ọ bụla iji zere ime ka nwa ahụ daa ụda, ikwu okwu, nrụgide ma ọ bụ ihe mgbu n'ime ụbọchị asaa mbụ nke ndụ nwa ahụ. N'ihi na nwa ọhụrụ na-enwe ọtụtụ ihe mgbu n'oge ọmụmụ, ndị Scientologists kwenyere na nwa ọhụrụ ekwesịghị inwe ihe mgbu ọ bụla ọzọ ma ọ bụ ahụmahụ mmetụta dị mkpa.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Cooper|first=Todd|title=Blood test for newborns faces religious challenge|work=Omaha World-Herald|date=21 December 2004}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na iwu ụlọ ikpe nwa oge nyere ha ohere igbu oge ule ahụ, ha mechara merie ikpe ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=28 January 2007|title=Infant blood test clashes with religion in Nebraska|url=https://tucson.com/news/science/health-med-fit/infant-blood-test-clashes-with-religion-in-nebraska/article_14a448a0-9fa7-5e29-adc8-afdf6d0b6e57.html|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=Arizona Daily Star|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250218045444/https://tucson.com/news/science/health-med-fit/infant-blood-test-clashes-with-religion-in-nebraska/article_14a448a0-9fa7-5e29-adc8-afdf6d0b6e57.html|archive-date=2025-02-18|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=O'Hanlon|first=Kevin|date=13 September 2006|title=Couple Loses Challenge on Blood Test Law|url=https://wwrn.org/articles/22716/|accessdate=2022-11-17|work=World-wide Religious News}}</ref> == Katie Holmes == "Ọmụmụ na-adịghị ekwu okwu" ghọrọ ihe mgbasa ozi na-adọrọ mmasị mgbe a maara na onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke Scientologist Tom Cruise, na nwunye ya Katie Holmes bụ ndị si na Roman Katọlik gbanwee gaa na Scientology, na-atụ anya nwa. Akụkọ na di na nwunye ahụ ga-agbaso omume nke ịmụ nwa n'ekwughị okwu, ruo mgbe e wepụtara foto nke nnukwu bọọdụ na-ebuga n'ụlọ di na nwunye na-ebu ntụziaka maka ịmụ nwa n"ekwughị okwu ya, dị ka "Ịgbachi nkịtị ma mee ka mmegharị ahụ niile dị nwayọ ma dị mfe nghọta".<ref>{{Cite web|year=2006|url=https://www.today.com/news/giddy-romance-leading-holmes-silent-birth-wbna12211173|title=Giddy romance leading Holmes to silent birth: Scientologists believe baby can remember traumatic experiences|accessdate=2006-05-01}}</ref> == Izu mgbe amuchara ya == A kọwakwara ya na mgbasa ozi n'oge a na ịgwa nwa ọhụrụ okwu n'izu mbụ nke ndụ ya bụ nke ozizi Scientology machibidoro.<ref>{{Cite web|author=MSNBC|year=2006|url=https://www.today.com/popculture/silent-scientology-birth-tom-katie-wbna9620245|title=Silent Scientology birth for Tom and Katie?: Group's birth principles call for no music or talking during labor|accessdate=2006-05-07}}</ref> Onye na-ekwuchitere Chọọchị kpọrọ nke a "ihe e chepụtara echepụta". Church of Scientology International dere, "L. Ron Hubbard edeghị na ndị nne na nna ekwesịghị ịgwa nwa ha okwu ruo ụbọchị asaa mgbe amuchara".<ref name="SilentBirthDotOrg">{{Cite web|author=Church of Scientology International|year=2006|url=http://www.silentbirth.org/|title=All About Silent Birth|accessdate=2006-05-01|archivedate=2006-04-27|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060427220825/http://www.silentbirth.org/}}</ref> Otu ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ahụ na-ekwukwa na "[t]echiche nke ọmụmụ nkịtị dabeere na nyocha L. Ron Hubbard banyere uche na mmụọ. Ọ chọpụtara na okwu ndị a na-ekwu n'oge ihe mgbu na amaghị ihe nwere ike inwe mmetụta ọjọọ n'ahụ mmadụ mgbe ndụ ya gasịrị.<ref name="SilentBirthDotOrg" /> Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ahụ na-ekwukwa na "[ndị nne] chọrọ inye nwa ha mmalite kachasị mma na ndụ ma si otú a mee ka ọmụmụ dị jụụ dị ka o kwere mee".<ref name="SilentBirthDotOrg" /> == Hụkwa == * Isiokwu nke abụọ nke Scientology: ** Scientology na okike ** Scientology na mmasị mmekọahụ ** Scientology na mmekọahụ ** Scientology na ite ime ** Scientology na alụmdi na nwunye == Ihe odide == {{Reflist|2}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{Cite web|url=http://www.scientologyparent.com/silent-birth/silent-birth-questions-answers/#Is_it_true_that_Scientologists_can8217t_touch_or_talk_to_their_baby_for_three_days_to_a_week_Or_are_there_seven_days_of_silence_after_birth|title=Silent Birth Questions & Answers|work=Scientology Parent|date=October 28, 2010|accessdate=January 17, 2017}} *   Made available on the web by [[Akụkọ Ọgwụ Taa|Medical News Today]]. * {{Cite web|title=Scientology Silent Birth: 'It's A Natural Thing'|work=An interview with Rev. John Carmichael from the [[Church of Scientology]]|publisher=[[Beliefnet]]|url=http://www.beliefnet.com/story/189/story_18985_1.html}} * {{Cite web|title='What is Silent Birth?'|work=Article by Thorsten Overgaard, father to twins delivered by Silent Birth.|url=http://www.overgaard.dk/silent_birth.html}} {{Scientology}}{{Pregnancy}} 9eph5tqe0b5fej8peadtm15ucouywam 0 30522 729844 577752 2026-10-01T14:44:17Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729844 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|website=}}{{Databox}} Prosper Douglas Kwaku Bani bụ [[Ghana|onye Ghana]] na-ahụ maka enyemaka na mmepe mba ụwa na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị bụbu onye isi ndị ọrụ nke Ghana<ref name="bani">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/people/person.php?ID=1204|title=Prosper Douglas Kweku Bani Profile|publisher=ghanaweb.com|accessdate=6 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=16 February 2015|title=Mahama fires Prosper Bani, appoints Julius Debrah as Chief of Staff|url=https://citifmonline.com/2015/02/mahama-fires-prosper-bani-appoints-julius-debrah-as-chief-of-staff/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=Citi 97.3 FM - Relevant Radio. Always|language=en-US}}</ref> na onye bụbu Minista na-ahụ Maka Ihe Ndị Dị n'Ime. Ọ bụ onye isi njikwa na ọkachamara na usoro iwu udo na mmepe mba ụwa. Ruo ihe karịrị afọ iri na ise, ọ duziri usoro ọhụrụ na udo na mmepe na United Nations n'ọtụtụ ebe, n'ụwa niile. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Bani bụ nwa amaala Kpando obodo dị na mpaghara Volta nke Ghana ma bụrụkwa onye Ewe.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|author=Anane|first=Mary|date=23 January 2016|title=Kpando Constituency promises President landslide victory|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/politics/kpando-constituency-promises-president-landslide-victory.html|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|author=The Informer|date=13 March 2015|title=Dismissed Prosper Bani making himself relevant?|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Dismissed-Prosper-Bani-making-himself-relevant-350266|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en}}</ref> O nwere nzere Bachelor of Arts na Political Science and Sociology na Mahadum Ghana, Legon na 1981.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=Prosper Douglas Kweku Bani, Biography|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Prosper-Douglas-Kweku-Bani-1204|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=www.ghanaweb.com}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya na Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, [[Netherlands]], ebe ọ gụsịrị na 1989 na Master of Arts in Development Studies: Politics and Development Strategies. N'afọ 1991, o nwetara asambodo nke ihe ịga nke ọma na International Development Studies na Mahadum Oslo, [[Norway]].<ref name=":0" /> O nwetara Master of Arts, majoring na Comparative Politics na Government na 1994 site na Mahadum [[Texas]] na Austin, [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|USA]], Master of Arts na 1994 Major: Comparative ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na gọọmentị.<ref name=":0" /> == Ọrụ == === Onye na-agụ akwụkwọ === Ọ malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye nkuzi na Ghana Institute of Journalism ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ site na 1984 ruo 1992. N'ime oge ahụ, ọ ghọrọ onye nkuzi dị elu na onye nduzi ọmụmụ site na ọrụ ahụ o nyere aka na ọzụzụ nke ndị nta akụkọ na ndị njikwa mgbasa ozi na Ghana.<ref name="bani"/><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=|title=Profile of Mr. Prosper D.K Bani|url=https://www.mint.gov.gh/profile-of-mr-prosper-d-k-bani/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118165746/https://www.mint.gov.gh/profile-of-mr-prosper-d-k-bani/|archivedate=18 January 2021|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=Ministry of the Interior│Republic of Ghana|language=en-GB|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu === Ọ malitere ogologo oge nke ije ozi n'ime UN malite dị ka onye njikwa ọrụ maka ọrụ udo na ntụkwasị obi nke obodo Tajikistan n'okpuru United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Tajikistan site na July 1996 ruo May 1999. N'agbata Nọvemba 1999 ruo Ọgọstụ 2002, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na United Nations Volunteers Programme n'okpuru UNDP na Geneva, dị ka onye ọkachamara na mmemme maka udo na ntụkwasị obi.<ref name="bani"/><ref name=":1"/> Ọ bilitere ịghọ onye ọkachamara na Small Arms and Demobilisations na n'oge ụfọdụ onye isi otu nke Small Arms na Demobilisation Unit n'ime Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery (BCPR) n'okpuru UNDP n'etiti Septemba 2003 na Febụwarị 2006.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":0"/> Bani na-achịkwa ma na-ahazi mmemme Crisis Prevention and Recovery (CPR) iji kwado ihe karịrị mba 20 na òtù mpaghara dị n'Africa, dị ka onye ndú otu maka BCPR nke dị na South Africa, n'etiti afọ 2009 na 2011. Tupu nke a, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ mpaghara na Dakar, [[Senegal]] maka BCPR n'okpuru UNDP na Machị 2006 ruo Febụwarị 2009.<ref name=":1"/> N'agbata afọ 2011 na afọ 2012, Bani duziri United Nations / [[Intergovernmental Authority on Development]] inter-ministerial response on the humanitarian crisis in Horn of Africa as the Senior Recovery Advisor and Manager.<ref name=":1"/> == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == === Onye isi ndị ọrụ === Bani bụ onye otu National Democratic Comgress .<ref>{{Cite web|author=Nartey|first=Laud|date=7 September 2020|title=NDC's manifesto abhors corruption – Prosper Bani|url=https://3news.com/ndcs-manifesto-abhors-corruption-prosper-bani/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201222183124/https://3news.com/ndcs-manifesto-abhors-corruption-prosper-bani/|archivedate=22 December 2020|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=3news|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=GhanaWeb|date=3 April 2020|title=NDC is willing to help the government fight coronavirus – Prosper Bani|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/NDC-is-willing-to-help-the-government-fight-coronavirus-Prosper-Bani-913354|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=www.ghanaweb.com|language=en}}</ref> Onye isi ala John Dramani Mahama họpụtara ya na 8 Jenụwarị 2013 mgbe a ṅụrụ iyi dị ka onye isi ala na 7 Jenụwarụ ka ọ bụrụ Onye isi ndị ọrụ iji nọchie John Henry Martey Newman.<ref>{{Cite web|date=9 January 2013|title=Mahama Names New Chief Of Staff And Others|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/mahama-names-new-chief-of-staff-and-others/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=18 January 2021|work=News Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ọkwa ahụ ruo afọ 2 ruo na 15 Febụwarị 2015 mgbe e wepụrụ ya n'ọfịs ma jiri gọọmentị ime obodo na minista mmepe ime obodo Julius Debrah dochie ya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Amponsah|first=Charles|title=President Mahama Names Julius Debrah As Chief Of Staff|url=https://gbcghana.com/1.1997195|accessdate=2021-01-19|work=www.gbcghana.com|language=en|archivedate=2021-01-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128004259/https://www.gbcghana.com/1.1997195}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=15 February 2015|title=Update: Prosper Bani out, Julius Debrah in, as new Chief of Staff - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/update-prosper-bani-out-julius-debrah-in-as-new-chief-of-staff/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref> E kenyere ya ọrụ dị ka onye nnọchi anya pụrụ iche na onye nnọchianya.<ref name=":2" /> Iwepụ ya zutere ọtụtụ enweghị obi ụtọ site n'aka ndị otu dị na mpaghara Volta nke Ghana.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-02-16|title=Group Calls For Prosper Bani Reinstatement|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/news/dangerous-power-play-group-calls-for-prosper-bani-reinstatement/jnx5dyn|accessdate=2021-01-19|work=Pulse Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Volta Youth Angry Over Sack Of Former Chief Of Staff Prosper Bani|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/598796/volta-youth-angry-over-sack-of-former-chief-of.html|accessdate=2021-01-19|work=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Volta NDC demands reinstatement of Prosper Bani - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/volta-ndc-demands-reinstatement-of-prosper-bani/|accessdate=2021-01-19|work=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Online|first=Peace FM|title=Volta NDC Threatens Mahama For Sacking Bani As Chief of Staff|url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201502/232657.php|accessdate=2021-01-19|work=Peacefmonline.com - Ghana news|archivedate=2021-11-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130023919/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201502/232657.php}}</ref> Mgbe e wepụrụ ya n'ọfịs dị ka onyeisi ndị ọrụ, Bani ka na-arụ ọrụ dị ka akụkụ nke gọọmentị ka ọ na-eme emume ịkpụ ahịhịa ya na ndị ọrụ ndị ọzọ na mpaghara Volta karịsịa n'ime Kpando Municipality.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Agency|first=Ghana News|date=12 March 2015|title=Prosper Bani Cut Sod For Construction Of Kpando-Hohoe Road|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/prosper-bani-cut-sod-for-construction-of-kpando-hohoe-road/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2021-01-19|work=News Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref> === Minista nke Interior === A họpụtara Bani dị ka Minista nke Interior dị ka akụkụ nke mgbanwe nke John Dramani Mahama na 19 Jenụwarị 2016.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Reuters Staff|date=19 January 2016|title=Ghana's president appoints new interior minister|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-ghana-politics-idUKKCN0UX18U|accessdate=19 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=19 January 2016|title=Mahama reshuffles Ministers: Prosper Bani makes comeback as new Interior Minister - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/mahama-reshuffles-ministers-prosper-bani-makes-comeback-as-new-interior-minister/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=19 January 2016|title=Mahama reshuffles team; Prosper Bani, Fiifi Kwetey get new appointments|url=https://citifmonline.com/2016/01/mahama-reshuffles-team-prosper-bani-fiifi-kwetey-get-new-appointments-2/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128092448/https://citifmonline.com/2016/01/mahama-reshuffles-team-prosper-bani-fiifi-kwetey-get-new-appointments-2/|archivedate=28 January 2023|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=Citi fm online|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web|author=Graphic Online|date=19 January 2016|title=Ministerial reshuffle: Prosper Bani for Interior, Vanderpuye, Ackon elevated|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ministerial-reshuffle-prosper-bani-for-interior-vanderpuye-ackon-elevated.html|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref> Ọ nọchiri Mark Woyongo onye a kpọgara n'ọkwa onye isi ala ka ọ bụrụ Minista nke steeti.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Adjorlolo|first=Ruth Abla|title=Outgoing interior minister hands over portfolio to Prosper Bani|url=https://gbcghana.com/1.8737186|accessdate=2021-01-19|work=www.gbcghana.com|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5" /> A nabatara nhọpụta ya na obi ụtọ na obi ụtọ site n'aka ndị mmadụ nọ n'obodo ya bụ Kpando.<ref name=":3"/><ref name=":4"/> == Ọrụ ebere == Bani wuru ma nye onyinye nke Nne na Nwa na Margaret Marquart Catholic Hospital na Kpando na mpaghara Volta n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2019. O wuru ya dabere na akụkọ nke ụlọ ọrụ ezughi oke iji mee ka ọ dịrị ụmụaka mfe na enweghị ngwá ọrụ n'ime ụlọ ọgwụ. Ebumnuche nke otu ahụ bụ iji belata ọnụọgụ ọnwụ nke ndị nne na ụmụ ha n'ime mpaghara Kpando.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Noretti|first=Alberto Mario|date=2019-10-22|title=Former Chief of Staff builds ward for Catholic hospital at Kpando|url=https://www.ghanaiantimes.com.gh/former-chief-of-staff-builds-ward-for-catholic-hospital-at-kpando/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2021-01-19|work=Ghanaian Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Afavi|first=Bright Selase|date=24 October 2019|title=Mother, baby unit for Margaret Marquart Hospital|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/mother-baby-unit-for-margaret-marquart-hospital.html|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=2021-01-19|work=Graphic Online|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=21 October 2019|title=Former Chief of Staff donates ultramodern Mother and Baby Unit to Margaret Marquart Hospital|url=https://radiogoldlive.com/former-chief-of-staff-donates-ultramodern-mother-and-baby-unit-to-margaret-marquart-hospital/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=Radio Gold 905fm|language=en-US}}</ref> Na Septemba 2018, a họpụtara Bani dị ka onye isi oche nke Dialysis Services Foundation, otu ọrụ ebere na-enweghị uru nke na-achọ ịnye maka mmefu ahụike nke ndị ọrịa nwere nsogbu akụrụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Duncan|first=Jude|date=21 September 2018|title=Dialysis Services Foundation launched to support kidney disease patients|url=https://citinewsroom.com/2018/09/dialysis-services-foundation-launched-to-support-kidney-disease-patients/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=24 September 2018|title=Prosper Bani chairs new Foundation to support dialysis patients - MyJoyOnline.com|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/prosper-bani-chairs-new-foundation-to-support-dialysis-patients/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=www.myjoyonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Okertchiri|first=Jamila Akweley|date=26 September 2018|title=Foundation To Support Kidney Patients Launched|url=https://dailyguidenetwork.com/foundation-to-support-kidney-patients-launched/|archiveurl=|archivedate=|accessdate=19 January 2021|work=DailyGuide Network|language=en-US}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == • D.K. Bani na Julius Ihonvbere; "The State Non-governmental Organizations and Development in Africa," Foreign Affairs Reports vol. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]<ref>{{Cite book|author=Iheduru|first=Obioma M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YT9yP-eJuSMC&q=D.K.+Bani+and+Julius+Ihonvbere&pg=PA154|title=The Politics of Economic Restructuring and Democracy in Africa|date=1999|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-30833-8|language=en}}</ref> • Prosper D.K. Bani; Nyocha nke Ihonvbere, Julius O., Nigeria: The Politics of Adjustment and Democracy, New Brunswick, NJ na [[London]], UK; azụmahịa Publishers 1994. 231pp. Na Journal of Third World Studies, mpịakọta. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}}{{Chiefs of Staff of Ghana}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] m83vn3bil6k11735t6t3n4rs93milco 0 31224 729927 182286 2026-10-02T03:33:22Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729927 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;" |<div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;"><small>Right Honourable</small><br /><br /><br /><br /><nowiki></br></nowiki> Aminu Abdullahi Shagali </div> |- class="infobox-header" colspan="2" style="background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" | |} <references responsive="1"></references> . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2022-05-26|title=El-Rufai appoints Kaduna ex-speaker Aminu Shagali as political aide - Dateline Nigeria|url=https://www.dateline.ng/el-rufai-appoints-kaduna-ex-speaker-aminu-shagali-as-political-aide/|accessdate=2022-12-09|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Lere|first=Mohammed|date=2021-04-29|title=Kaduna Assembly declares seat of former Speaker vacant|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/nwest/458391-kaduna-assembly-declares-seat-of-former-speaker-vacant.html|accessdate=2022-12-09|work=Premium Times Nigeria|language=en-GB}}</ref>'''Aminu Abdullahi Shagali''' bụ onye gbara ndị Naijiria, njikọ na onye ọrụ nsogbu.  Ọ dịka ọrụ dịka onye na-ekwuchitere ụgbọ Kaduna nke ise.  Ugbua ọ bụ onye jụrụiche n'ihe gbasara ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Gọvanọ el rufa'I ma na-ejekwa otu ọrụ ahụ na mgbasa ozi Gubernatorial APC maka mmalite izugbe 2023 == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-15|title=Behold under-40s in the saddle in state assemblies|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/behold-under-40s-in-the-saddle-in-state-assemblies/|accessdate=2020-06-24|work=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics|language=en-US}}</ref>A Mini Shagali na 13 February 1980, nwa nke ise nke Alhaji Abdullahi Shagali but ifkwa nwa nke ise nye Hajia Zulaihat Shagali.  [1] Ọ gara Bako Zuntu Nursery and Primary School, Zaria (1986-1993), Federal Government College, Daura in Katsina State (1993-1999), na Kaduna State Polytechnic, Zaria (ugbu a Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic) ebe ọ nọ ọdụ maka nwa oge Joint Matriculation.  Nyochaa bọọdụ na 2000. Shagali njikere ndị , na Mahadum Usmanu Danfodiyo, Sokoto, wee gụchaa nzere masta na nsogbu na Mahadum Ahmadu Bello Zaria na 2008. [1] O nwetara akara ugo mm ụta masta ọzọ na njikwa ihe egwu.  Ọ bụ onye onye ọchụnta ego na-aga nke ọma tupu ọ banye na ụgbọ okporo ígwè na 2010. </link>O amị doctoral (PhD) na ime obodo na Mahadum Bakhtalruda, Sudan.  </link> Enwetara Master of philosophy ọzọ site na nchịkwa ọha na 2019, na Mahadum Ahmadu Bello. O nwetara PhD na ngalaba nchịkwa ọha na Mahadum Ahmadu Bello Zaria, ka o mechara nyocha nyocha gbasara ihe gbasara ndị omebe iwu steeti Kaduna. </link> Ọ bụ onye edemede nke akwụkwọ akụkọ agụmakwụkwọ 24 ma wepụta akwụkwọ ogbako ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nhazi iri na abụọ. == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị == Na 2022, Shagali họpụtara ya site n'aka onye isi ala Gov. Nasir El rufa'I dịka onye ndụmọdụ pụrụiche maka ihe gbasara ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị steeti ahụ. Mallam Uba Sani họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ndụmọdụ pụrụ iche n'otu okwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Kaduna steeti All Progressive Congress Gubernatorial campaign Council na 27 October 2022. <ref name=":0"/> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-03-31|title=Nigeria election 2015: Muhammadu Buhari wins in historic presidential|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/nigeria-2015-election-apc-declares-victory-for-muhammadu-buhari-10146740.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402224456/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/nigeria-2015-election-apc-declares-victory-for-muhammadu-buhari-10146740.html|archivedate=2015-04-02|accessdate=2020-06-24|work=The Independent|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-10|title=Kaduna Speaker retains seat|url=https://www.pmnewsnigeria.com/2019/03/10/kaduna-speaker-retains-seat/|accessdate=2020-06-24|work=P.M. News|language=en-US}}</ref>Ndị ọrụ Shagali echiche ya ka ọ bụrụ Ọka Okwu nke Mgbakọ steeti 5th na 8 June 2015. [1] Ọ bụ onye na-anya mpaghara Sabon Gari na ụlọ ọgba aghara ọ omebe iwu Kaduna steeti agafe afọ 2011. A ahụmahụ ya n'okpuru Congress for Progressive Change (CPC) , otu n'ime ụdị ụdị mmegide nke onye ya bụ Muhammadu Buhari kpara. . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-07-02|title=APC and the other side of merger|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/07/apc-and-the-other-side-of-merger/|accessdate=2020-06-24|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Ezeamalu|first=Ben|date=2013-04-18|title=ACN convention approves merger into APC {{!}} Premium Times Nigeria|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/130166-acn-convention-approves-merger-into-apc.html|accessdate=2020-06-24|language=en-GB}}</ref>N'afọ 2013, otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ise gụnyere CPC jikọrọ aka hiwere All Progressives Congress (APC), pati meriri na ntuliaka izugbe Naịjirịa, 2015. Na 11 Eprel 2015, a họpụtara Shagali ọzọ ka ọ nọchite anya mpaghara ya na ụlọ omeiwu steeti. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://leadership.ng/news/425278/apc-sweeps-11-state-assembly-seats-in-northern-kaduna-senatorial-district|title=APC Sweeps 11 State Assembly Seats in Northern Kaduna Senatorial District &#124;|accessdate=1 May 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150706034646/http://leadership.ng/news/425278/apc-sweeps-11-state-assembly-seats-in-northern-kaduna-senatorial-district|archivedate=2015-07-06}}</ref> N'etiti 2011 na June 2015, Shagali nwere ọtụtụ isi ọnọdụ na Mgbakọ; ọ bụ osote onye ndu ntakiri na onye isi oche, Kọmitii Ụlọ na Sayensị na Teknụzụ, osote onye isi oche, kọmitii Houselọ na Hajj na Islam, na osote onye isi oche Kọmitii Houselọ na atụmatụ akụ na ụba. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Shagali Elected As Kaduna Assembly Speaker|url=https://www.channelstv.com/2015/06/08/shagali-elected-as-kaduna-assembly-speaker/|accessdate=2020-06-24|work=Channels Television}}</ref> A họpụtara Shagali dị ka onye so na ntuli aka Gọvanọ na steeti na March 2019 meriri onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị PDP na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị ọzọ, a họpụtara ya n'otu n'otu ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ekwuchitere ọgbakọ omebe iwu steeti na 12 June 2019 wee jee ozi ọnwa 8 ụbọchị iri <ref>{{Cite web|author=Bello|first=Abdulrasheed|date=2019-06-13|title=Aminu Shagali re-elected Kaduna Assembly speaker|url=https://www.today.ng/news/politics/aminu-shagali-elected-kaduna-assembly-speaker-230138|accessdate=2020-06-23|work=TODAY|language=en-US}}</ref> na gbara arụkwaghịm n'ihi ihe kpatara ya. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-25|title=Kaduna Assembly speaker, Aminu Shagali, resigns|url=https://dailynigerian.com/kaduna-assembly-speaker-aminu-shagali-resigns/|accessdate=2020-06-23|work=Daily Nigerian|language=en-US|archivedate=2020-06-26|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626170911/https://dailynigerian.com/kaduna-assembly-speaker-aminu-shagali-resigns/}}</ref> Nke bu ya ụzọ bụ onye isi okwu ọhụrụ a họpụtara bụ Hon. [[Yusuf Ibrahim Zailani]] . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-02-25|title=BREAKING: Hon Zailani is new Kaduna Assembly Speaker|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2020/02/breaking-hon-zailani-is-new-kaduna-assembly-speaker/|accessdate=2020-06-24|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ụgwọ na ngagharị akwadoro == Shagali bụ onye na-ekwuchitere ụlọ ọgbakọ omebe iwu Kaduna steeti nke ise n'oge ahụ, n'okpuru nche ya dị ka onye na-ekwuchitere steeti nke ise, a natachara akwụkwọ iwu iri asatọ na isii na akwụkwọ iwu iri asatọ na abụọ abanyela n'iwu. Ọ kwadoro ma nyefee ụgwọ ụlọ ọrụ Kaduna Investment Promotion Agency, nke na-emepe ụzọ na Kaduna State Investment Promotion Agency (KADIPA) rụzuru na nkwado akụ na ụba. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-09-18|title=#KADInvest: Kaduna State's economic reforms pay off with $100 million animal feed mill investment|url=https://www.africanliberty.org/2017/09/18/kadinvest-kaduna-states-economic-reforms-pay-off-with-100-million-animal-feed-mill-investment/|accessdate=2022-12-09|work=African Liberty|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209115258/https://www.africanliberty.org/2017/09/18/kadinvest-kaduna-states-economic-reforms-pay-off-with-100-million-animal-feed-mill-investment/|archive-date=2022-12-09|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Shagali lụrụ di na ụmụ ise. </link> == Ntụaka == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ocq8rr9cvv3g4cxew1ichmnfhbwldhv 0 33459 729893 165766 2026-10-01T20:50:50Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 729893 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Omololu Samuel Meroyi|image=|office1=Senator for Ondo South|term_start1=29 May 1999|term_end1=29 May 2003|predecessor1=|successor1=[[Hosea Ehinlanwo]]|birth_date=|birth_place=[[Ondo State]], [[Nigeria]]|death_date=|party=}} A họpụtara '''Omololu Samuel Meroyi''' ka ọ bụrụ Senator maka mpaghara Ondo South nke Ondo State, Nigeria na mbido nke Republic nke anọ nke [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]], na-agba ọsọ na Alliance for Democracy (AD). Ọ malitere ọrụ na 29 Mee 1999. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/n/nigeria/nigerialeg2.txt|title=FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA LEGISLATIVE ELECTION OF 20 FEBRUARY AND 7 MARCH 1999|work=Psephos|accessdate=2010-06-17}}</ref> Meroyi gara Ijebu Ode Grammar School na Mahadum Ibadan, ebe ọ nwetara BSc. na Economics na 1973. Ọ gara London School of Economics ebe ọ nwetara MSc na Economics na 1977. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Food Specialities Nigeria (1978-1980), Roro Technical Company (1980-1982) ma bụrụ onyeisi oche nke Araromi Rubber Estate (1995-1997). N'oge Republic nke Abụọ nke Naijiria, a họpụtara ya n'ime House of Representatives na Unity Party of Nigeria (UPN). <ref name="tday04">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2004/01/30/20040130bus04.html|title=Wema Bank Gets New Chairman, Directors|work=ThisDay|date=2004-01-30|accessdate=2010-06-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050428155108/http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2004/01/30/20040130bus04.html|archivedate=2005-04-28}}</ref> A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu na 1999 na AD, Meroye mechara banye na People's Democratic Party (PDP). <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/apr/20/075.html|title=Aftermath of general elections: Which way South West?|work=BNW News|author=BOLADE OMONIJO|date=April 20, 2003|accessdate=2010-06-17|archivedate=2012-05-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120528023847/http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/apr/20/075.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2002/12/25/20021225news01.html|title=PDP Guber Primaries: Anambra Gov, Mbadinuju, Disqualified|work=ThisDay|date=2002-12-25|accessdate=2010-06-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041227041844/http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2002/12/25/20021225news01.html|archivedate=2004-12-27}}</ref>'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2002, Meroyi bụ onye na-azọ ọkwa onye PDP maka Gọvanọ nke Ondo Steeti na ntuli aka afọ 2003, mana onye bụbu Minista nke Ike na Steel, Dr. Olusegun Agagu, meriri naanị asaa n'ime vootu 161.N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2003, ndị omeiwu jụrụ ikike nke onye isi ala [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] maka Iwu Iwu Nrụrụ Aka Independent na Iwu Ndị Ọzọ metụtara Mmebi Iwu, wee mee ka iwu ahụ bụrụ iwu. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2003/05/08/20030508news02.html|title=ICPC Act: Senate Overrides Obasanjo's Veto|author=Chuks Okocha, Bature Umar and Lillian Okenwa|work=ThisDay|date=2003-05-08|accessdate=2010-06-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050123002456/http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2003/05/08/20030508news02.html|archivedate=2005-01-23}}</ref> tụụrụ vootu megide mkpebi Senate. Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Senate, Meroyi ghọrọ onye otu Wema Bank Plc. site na Jenụwarị 2004 ruo mgbe ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na 2007.<ref name="tday04"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200803280679.html|title=Omoyeni, Wema Bank MD, Granted Bail|work=ThisDay|author=Yemi Akinsuyi|date=28 March 2008|accessdate=2010-06-17}}</ref>'ọnwa Machị afọ 2008, ndị uwe ojii Special Fraud Unit nke Ikoyi, Lagos jidere onye isi nchịkwa nke ụlọ akụ ahụ n'ihe gbasara aghụghọ nde N450, mana e nyere ya mgbapụta.[mkpa mmelite] A na-ebo Meroyi ebubo na ọ natara ụgwọ nke N4 nde, ndị uwe ojii jụọ ya ajụjụ. Meroyi hapụrụ PDP wee bụrụ Onye isi oche nke Ondo South Senatorial District nke Labour Party. N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2008, ọ gbara akaebe na ntuli aka Elections Petitions Tribunal n'ime ntuli aka gọvanọ nke Eprel 2007 na Ondo Steeti, nke mebiri site na mmebi iwu. Ụlọ ikpe ahụ kpebiri na Dr. [[Olusegun Mimiko]] nke Labour Party bụ gọvanọ a họpụtara ahọpụta. N'afọ 2011, ọ ghọrọ onye nduzi ụlọ ọrụ Lagos Airport Hotel. O mechara gbaa arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa ya otu afọ ka e mesịrị mgbe ọ laghachiri na Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). Ọ bụ ugbu a osote onye isi oche nke mba (South-West) nke ndị omeiwu Naịjirịa. == Ihe odide == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Meroyi, Omololu}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mar3oi82ess8rxipz8ufe7hz86vnnmr 0 33463 729890 672176 2026-10-01T20:47:56Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 729890 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline">Iruka Okeke</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |<div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">England</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Alma mater&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Ọrụ sayensị''' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ubi | class="infobox-data category" |Ọmụmụ ihe sayensị na teknụzụ |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụlọ ọrụ | class="infobox-data" |Mahadum nke Ibadan |} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Iruka Okeke''' bụ onye Naijiria microbiologist nke na-amụ banyere mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke nje bacteria na-akpata ọrịa dị ka E. coli. Ọ na-enyocha ụzọ isi melite ọrụ ụlọ nyocha microbiology n'Africa. Ọ bụ onye otu Nigerian Academy of Sciences na African Academy of Sciences. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Okeke na England na nne na nna Naijiria. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.mydigitalpublication.com/publication/?i=200366&article_id=1656527&view=articleBrowser&ver=html5#%22{\%22issue_id\%22:200366,\%22view\%22:\%22articleBrowser\%22,\%22article_id\%22:\%221656527\%22%22|title=Faculty Profile|author=Foley|first=Denise|date=2014|work=Haverford|accessdate=2019-12-03}}</ref> mechara kwaga Naijiria ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.aslm.org/stay-informed/press-room/press-releases/new-editor-in-chief/|title=Dr. Iruka N. Okeke new Editor-in-Chief|work=ASLM|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-12-03|archivedate=2019-12-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222161835/http://www.aslm.org/stay-informed/press-room/press-releases/new-editor-in-chief/}}</ref> gara [[Mahadum nke Obafemi Awolowo|Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo]], Naịjirịa, ebe ọ nwetara BPharm, MSc, na PhD. [1] <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/okeke-iruka|title=Okeke Iruka|publisher=The African Academy of Sciences|work=www.aasciences.africa|accessdate=2019-12-03|archivedate=2023-03-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331123022/https://www.aasciences.africa/fellow/okeke-iruka}}</ref> ka akụkụ nke PhD ya, ọ nọrọ otu afọ na Centre for Vaccine Development, Mahadum Maryland dị ka Fulbright Scholar. == Ọrụ nyocha == Nnyocha <ref>{{Cite web|title=Iruka Okeke {{!}} STS Infrastructures|url=https://stsinfrastructures.org/content/iruka-okeke|accessdate=2019-12-03|work=stsinfrastructures.org|archivedate=2019-12-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203232544/https://stsinfrastructures.org/content/iruka-okeke}}</ref> lekwasịrị anya n'iji mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nje bacteria iji ghọta ọrịa na-efe efe, colonization, pathogenesis na mgbochi antimicrobial nke nje bacteria enteric.<ref name=":0" /> mụọla protein elu nke E. coli ma kọwaa otu protein ndị a si enyere nje bacteria aka ịchịkwa eriri afọ. <ref name=":2"/>'afọ 2014, Okeke kwagara Mahadum Ibadan, Naịjirịa, nke UK Medical Research Council na UK Department for International Development kwadoro dị ka onye ndu nyocha Afrịka. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gcgh.grandchallenges.org/grant/minimal-genomics-lab-amr-surveillance-and-diagnostics-provincial-low-income-settings|title=Minimal Genomics Lab for AMR Surveillance and Diagnostics in Provincial Low-income Settings {{!}} Grand Challenges|work=gcgh.grandchallenges.org|accessdate=2019-12-03}}</ref>'afọ 2019, e nyere ya ego site na atụmatụ nchọpụta ọgwụ Grand Challenge Africa iji chọpụta ọgwụ ndị nwere ike ịlụso ọrịa nje bacteria ọgụ. [1] Ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ na ngwọta teknụzụ dị ọnụ ala iji nyochaa mgbochi antimicrobial na ntọala ego dị ala, yana nkwado sitere na Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aasciences.africa/news/african-innovators-discovering-new-drugs-diseases-endemic-africa|title=African innovators discovering new drugs for diseases endemic to Africa|publisher=The African Academy of Sciences|work=www.aasciences.africa|accessdate=2019-12-03|archivedate=2019-12-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203234115/https://www.aasciences.africa/news/african-innovators-discovering-new-drugs-diseases-endemic-africa}}</ref> . N'afọ 2015, e nyere ya ego site na Microbiology Society iji gbanwee usoro masters na Pharmaceutical Biology na Mahadum Ibadan . <ref name=":1"/> N'ịhụ na ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere obere ahụmịhe ụlọ nyocha, ọ mepụtara usoro nke gụnyere ihe ndị ọzọ dị na ụlọ nyocha. Nke a gụnyere njikọ aka nke ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị sitere na ngalaba dị iche iche gụnyere ndị na-ahụ maka nje bacteria, ndị na-amụ banyere ihe ndị dị ndụ, na ndị na-eme nchọpụta na ngwaahịa okike. Ihe ọmụmụ ahụ lekwasịrị a<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://microbiologysociety.org/publication/past-issues/future-tech/article/developing-microbiology-around-the-world.html|title=Developing microbiology around the world|date=2016-08-09|work=Future Tech|publisher=Microbiology Society}}</ref> n'ịmụ microbiomes nke ahịhịa eji eme ihe na Ethnomedicine nke Naijiria. <ref name=":2"/> dekwara akwụkwọ, Divining Without Seeds: The case for strengthening laboratory medicine in Africa, na ebumnuche inyere ndị nchọpụta na ndị na-eme iwu aka. N'afọ 2018 o kwuru okwu na World Economic Forum, banyere ụzọ isi melite nyocha antimicrobial na mba Afrịka. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cddep.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/garpnet_3_3_16-1.pdf|title=GARPNet News|date=2017-05-01|work=The Center For Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy|accessdate=2019-12-05}}</ref><ref name=":2"/> rụkwara ọrụ na kọmitii ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye ndụmọdụ maka Wellcome Trust Surveillance and Epidemiology of Drug Resistant Infections Consortium, Nigerian Centre for Disease Control, World Health Organization, na Nigerian Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership Network. N'afọ 2017, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ nke African Journal of Laboratory Medicine . <ref name=":1"/> == Onyinye na nsọpụrụ == * <ref name=":2"/> họpụtara ya dị ka onye otu The African Academy of Science na 2018. * <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nas.org.ng/all-fellows/|title=Fellows of the Academy {{!}} The Nigerian Academy of Science|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-12-03|archivedate=2022-05-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518153102/https://nas.org.ng/all-fellows/}}</ref> họpụtara ya dị ka onye otu Nigerian Academy of Science na 2018. [1] == Ndụ onwe onye == Okeke lụrụ <ref name=":0" /> ma nwee nwa nwanyị. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Okeke, Iruka}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] fmeqq2wmbw2clawwnmyc0qlg5j0nuaa 0 33464 729889 719903 2026-10-01T20:46:41Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 729889 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Aloysius Akpan Etok|image=|birth_date={{birth date and age|1958|2|15|df=y}}|birth_place=|death_date=|party=[[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|People's Democratic Party]] (PDP)}} '''Aloysius Akpan Etok''' (Nụrụ) i bụ onye omeiwu Naijiria nke a họpụtara na ikpo okwu People's Democratic Party (PDP) Akwa Ibom North-West Senatorial District na Akwa Ibon State. Ọ ghọrọ onye otu Senate nke Naijiria na 2007. <ref name="nassnig">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303185212/http://www.nassnig.org/senate/member.php?senator=24|archivedate=2016-03-03|title=Sen. Aloysius Akpan Etok|publisher=National Assembly of Nigeria|accessdate=2009-09-22|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. National Assembly of Nigeria. Archived from on 3 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite></ref> == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == A mụrụ Aloysius Akpan Etok na 15 Febụwarị 1958 na Usuk Obio Ediene na Akwa Ibom Steeti. O nwere BSc (Hons) site na Mahadum Calabar . 'agbata afọ 1976 na 2007 ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ọrụ gọọmentị na azụmaahịa, gụnyere ọkwa dị ka onye otu Akwa-Ibom State Water Corp. N'afọ 1999, ọ bụ onye na-ebipụta magazin ọhụrụ, Nyongtie Business Review . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fortuneschoolssystem.com/FortuneHighSchool.html|title=Fortunes Schools System|publisher=Fortunes Schools System|accessdate=2009-09-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711020734/http://fortuneschoolssystem.com/FortuneHighSchool.html|archivedate=11 July 2011}}</ref> nyere aka na ntọala nke Fortune High School na 2002. Site na 1992 ruo 1993, Etok bụ onye otu House of Representatives na [[Abuja]], ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-erughị eru. Site na 1999 ruo 2003, ọ bụ onye otu Akwa-Ibom State House of Assembly, [[Uyo]] . <ref name="nassnig"/> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2003/03/02/20030302spe01.html|title=2003: Sidelined State Law Makers (1)|date=16 November 2004|publisher=This Day|accessdate=2009-09-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041227161904/http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2003/03/02/20030302spe01.html|archivedate=27 December 2004}}</ref> họpụtaghị ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchi anya [[Ikono]] maka oge nke abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2002/01/25/20020125sta08.html|title=Assembly Complex Ready for Use Next Week|date=16 November 2004|publisher=This Day|accessdate=2009-09-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050419160741/http://www.thisdayonline.com/archive/2002/01/25/20020125sta08.html|archivedate=19 April 2005}}</ref>'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2004, ọ bụ onye isi oche nke kọmitii njem na ọrụ pụrụ iche nke Akwa Ibom State Assembly . [1] <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://thenationonlineng.net/web2/articles/11992/1/Uyo-residents-groan-as-kidnappers-robbers-return/Page1.html|title=Uyo residents groan as kidnappers, robbers return|date=2009-07-28|publisher=The Nation|accessdate=2009-09-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726115724/http://thenationonlineng.net/web2/articles/11992/1/Uyo-residents-groan-as-kidnappers-robbers-return/Page1.html|archivedate=26 July 2011}}</ref>'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2008, a tọọrọ nwunye ya na Uyo, isi obodo Akwa Ibom State.Ndị ntọ ahụ chọrọ mgbapụta ijeri <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://odili.net/news/source/2008/oct/19/709.html|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20110719044622/http://odili.net/news/source/2008/oct/19/709.html|archivedate=19 July 2011|title=N1bn Ransom demanded over abducted Senator's wife|date=19 October 2008|publisher=Independent Newspapers Limited|accessdate=2009-09-22}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/news/article15//indexn3_html?pdate=240209&ptitle=Ekweremadu's%20mother%20escapes%20kidnap%20&cpdate=293008|title=Ekweremadu's mother escapes kidnap|date=24 February 2009|work=The Guardian|accessdate=2009-09-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090105225413/http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/news/article15|archivedate=5 January 2009}}</ref> tọhapụrụ ya ọtụtụ izu ka e mesịrị. == Ọrụ Senate == A họpụtara Etok ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu Naijiria maka Akwa Ibom North West Senatorial District na 2007. <ref name="nassnig"/> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200810080423.html|title=Military in the Niger Delta|publisher=This Day|date=7 October 2008|accessdate=2009-09-22}}</ref>'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2008, Etok na ndị omeiwu ndị ọzọ nke Niger Delta rịọrọ ndị agha ka ha kwụsị agha, ka ha na-arịọ ka ha gaa n'ihu ma gbochie ha.Akwa Ibom nwere ike ịbụ onye kachasị emepụta mmanụ ala n'etiti steeti Delta. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://businessworldng.com/web/articles/575/1/AIbom-Rivers-in-Fresh-Battle-over-NDDCs-Top-Position/Page1.html|title=A/Ibom, Rivers in Fresh Battle over NDDC's Top Position|date=2 July 2009|publisher=BusinessWorld|accessdate=2009-09-22|archivedate=2013-01-19|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130119032456/http://businessworldng.com/web/articles/575/1/AIbom-Rivers-in-Fresh-Battle-over-NDDCs-Top-Position/Page1.html}}</ref>'ọnwa Mee afọ 2009, Etok rịọrọ onye isi ala ka o kwe ka Akwa-Ibom State họpụta onye isi nchịkwa nke Niger Delta Development Commission. [1]<ref> {{Cite web|url=http://www.themaceonline.com/pub/index.php?view=article&catid=8:latest-news&id=56:environmental-managers-to-get-council&format=pdf|title=Environmental Managers To Get Council|publisher=The Mace (National Assembly)|date=11 May 2009|accessdate=2009-09-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717011801/http://www.themaceonline.com/pub/index.php?view=article&catid=8:latest-news&id=56:environmental-managers-to-get-council&format=pdf|archivedate=17 July 2011}} </ref>'afọ 2009, ọ kwadoro iwu iji nye maka nguzobe nke Kansụl Ndebanye aha Ndị Nlekọta Gburugburu Ebe Obibi nke Naijiria [1] Dị ka onye isi oche nke Kọmitii Senate na Iwu na Azụmaahịa, Senator Etok chere nkatọ ihu maka eziokwu ahụ bụ na n'afọ 2008, Senate Naịjirịa gosipụtara naanị ịrụ ọrụ ụbọchị 90 ma mee naanị asatọ n'ime akwụkwọ 120 e nyere. Etok kọwara <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.africanexecutive.com/modules/magazine/sections.php?magazine=211&sections=5|title=Should Nigeria's Senate be Shown the Door?|publisher=The African Executive|accessdate=2009-09-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090120211923/http://africanexecutive.com/modules/magazine/sections.php?magazine=211&sections=5|archivedate=20 January 2009}}</ref> ime iwu dị nwayọ n'ihi na ọ bụ usoro zuru oke nke na-agụnye ọtụtụ nzọụkwụ.Otú <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.businessdayonline.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3107:senate-passes-199-bills-in-10-years&catid=85:national&Itemid=340|title=Senate passes 199 bills in 10 years|date=9 June 2009|publisher=Business Day|accessdate=2009-09-22|archivedate=2011-07-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708105159/http://www.businessdayonline.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3107:senate-passes-199-bills-in-10-years&catid=85:national&Itemid=340}}</ref> dị, Etok kwuru na ndị omeiwu wepụtara iwu 199 n'ime afọ 10 site na 1999 ruo 2009, ma gwa ndị nta akụkọ na ụlọ elu ahụ emeela "nke ọma n'ime shekaru 10". <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/business/article07//indexn3_html?pdate=220609&ptitle=Senate%20committee%20seeks%20stakeholders'%20support%20for%20financial%20reporting%20council%20bill&cpdate=220609|title=Senate committee seeks stakeholders' support for financial reporting council bill|date=22 June 2009|work=The Guardian|accessdate=2009-09-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061202100731/http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/business/article07|archivedate=2 December 2006}}</ref> họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu Kọmitii Senate na Commerce, nke Joel Danlami Ikenya bụ onye isi oche ya, nke na 2009 na-anwa ịkwaga site na Financial Reporting Council Bill.N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2009, e wepụrụ atụmatụ nke Senator Bassey Ewa-Henshaw na ndị ọzọ kwadoro iji manye aha ndị nduzi nke ụlọ akụ dara ada na-etinye aka na mmebi ego gbasara N94.4bn nke ego ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị. Se<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.proshareng.com/news/singleNews.php?id=7274|title=Failed Banks: Senate dumps motion on trapped N94.4bn public funds|date=July 2009|publisher=ProShare Limited|accessdate=2009-09-22}}</ref> Etok kwuru na ọ nọ na nnọkọ mba ofesi n'oge ahụ, ọ maghịkwa ihe merenụ. A họpụtara Etok ọzọ na PDP dị ka onye omeiwu maka Akwa Ibom North West n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2011. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/pdp-sweeps-akwa-ibom|title=PDP sweeps Akwa-Ibom|date=11 April 2011|work=Daily Times|author=EMMANUEL CHIDIOGO|accessdate=2011-04-21|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814062627/http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/pdp-sweeps-akwa-ibom|archivedate=14 August 2011}}</ref> nwetara vootu 383,607 iji merie onye na-azọ ọkwa Action Congress of Nigeria (ACN), Joe Ukpong, onye nwetara vootu 11,827. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Etok Akpan, Aloysius}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 3loeetww09uo17y1xkesiulld0nitu6 0 33500 729904 692928 2026-10-01T22:14:43Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729904 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   <ref>{{Cite web|title=Эсеола Адеринсола Хабиб|url=https://footballfacts.ru/person/174971|work=footballfacts.ru|accessdate=2 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221125194506/https://footballfacts.ru/person/174971|archive-date=25 November 2022|url-status=dead}}</ref>'''Aderinsola Khabib Eseola''' ([[Ukrainians|Ukrainian]]_language" id="mwCA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ukrainian language" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Ukrainian; amụrụ na 28 June 1991) bụ onye Ukraine na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba maka Lviv dị ka onye na-agba ọsọ. == Ọrụ == Nna ya bụ [[Ndị Naijiria|Onye Naijiria]] na nne ya bụ onye Ukraine. Ọ gbara bọọlụ maka Polissya Zhytomyr na Dynamo Kyiv (ndị na-echekwa). <ref>[http://www.ua-football.com/ukrainian/ukrainians/4f682482.html UA-Футбол. Темнокожий украинец из "Динамо" обосновался в Италии]</ref>'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke afọ 2011 ọ kwagara HinterReggio Calcio . <ref>[http://www.tuttoreggina.com/?action=read&idnotizia=7220 HINTERREGGIO/ Arriva il giovane attaccante Eseola]</ref> === Desna Chernihiv === N'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2021 ọ kwagara Vorskla Poltava na Ukrainian Premier League, <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ворскла оголосила про трансфер Есеоли|url=https://football24.ua/vorskla_ogolosila_pro_transfer_eseoli_n672047/|work=www.football24.ua|accessdate=2 July 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Полтавская "Ворскла" официально представила экс-форварда "Кайрата"|url=https://prosports.kz/news/505876-poltavskaya-vorskla-ofitsialno-predstavila-eks-forvarda-kairata-|work=www.prosports.kz|accessdate=2 July 2021}}</ref> ebe ọ gbara egwuregwu 2 na Jenụwarị 2022 ọ hapụrụ klọb ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Есеола залишає "Ворсклу"|url=https://vorskla.com.ua/news/2697-eseola-zalishae-vorsklu|language=uk|date=29 December 2021|accessdate=4 November 2023|archivedate=14 February 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240214091441/https://vorskla.com.ua/news/2697-eseola-zalishae-vorsklu}}</ref> === Arsenal Kyiv (nke e gbazitere) === N'afọ 2018 ọ kwagara Akzhayik na mgbazinye ego, ebe ọ gbara egwuregwu 13 ma gbaa goolu 8. === Akzhayik (onye e gbazitere) === N'afọ 2017, ọ kwagara Arsenal Kyiv, ebe ọ gbara bọọlụ iri na otu ma gbaa goolu asaa. === Kairat === Na 6 June 2018, Eseola bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta ọnwa 18 na FC Kairat, na nhọrọ nke afọ ọzọ. <ref>{{Cite web|title=ОФИЦИАЛЬНО: АДЕРИНСОЛА ХАБИБ ЭСЕОЛА – ИГРОК "КАЙРАТА"|url=https://fckairat.com/news/klub/oficialno-aderinsola-habib-eseola-igrok-kayrata/|work=fckairat.com|publisher=FC Kairat|accessdate=7 June 2018|language=Russian|date=6 June 2018|archivedate=12 June 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141254/https://fckairat.com/news/klub/oficialno-aderinsola-habib-eseola-igrok-kayrata/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=АДЕРИНСОЛА ЭСЕОЛА ПРОДЛИЛ КОНТРАКТ С КЛУБОМ|url=https://fckairat.com/news/kayrat/aderinsola-eseola-prodlil-kontrakt-s-klubom/|work=fckairat.com/|publisher=FC Kairat|accessdate=18 November 2019|language=Russian|date=14 November 2019|archivedate=3 January 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103084536/https://fckairat.com/news/kayrat/aderinsola-eseola-prodlil-kontrakt-s-klubom/}}</ref> 14 Nọvemba 2019, Eseola bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta afọ abụọ ọhụrụ na Kairat. [1] O meriri Kazakhstan Premier League na oge 2020. === Vorskla Poltava === <ref>{{Cite web|title=Адерінсола Хабіб Есеола|url=http://www.allplayers.in.ua/ua/player/3744|work=www.allplayers.in.ual|accessdate=2 July 2021}}</ref>'afọ 2015 ọ kwagara [[Chernihiv]]" id="mwHg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="FC Desna Chernihiv">Desna Chernihiv, isi klọb dị na Chernihiva na Ukrainian First League, ebe ọ gbara egwuregwu iri na ise ma gbaa goolu ise. === Hebar Pazardzhik === === Klọb === {{updated|match played 16 April 2023}}<ref>{{cite web |title=A.Eseola |url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/aderinsola-habib-eseola/410622/ |website=soccerway.com/ |publisher=Soccerway |accessdate=2 June 2019}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |+Egwuregwu na ihe mgbaru ọsọ site na klọb, oge na asọmpi ! rowspan="2" |Klọb ! rowspan="2" |Oge ! colspan="3" |Njikọ ! colspan="2" |Iko Mba ! colspan="2" |Kọntinent ! colspan="2" |Ndị ọzọ ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta |- !Nkewa !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ !Ngwaọrụ !Ihe mgbaru ọsọ |- |Desna Chernihiv |2015–16 |Njikọ Premier nke Ukraine |15 |5 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |16 |5 |- |Oleksandriya |2015–16 |Njikọ Premier nke Ukraine |2 |0 |1 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |3 |0 |- |Arsenal Kyiv |2016–17 |Persha Liha |16 |9 |2 |1 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |18 |10 |- | rowspan="3" |Zirka Kropyvnytskyi |2016–17 | rowspan="2" |Persha Liha |10 |1 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |10 |1 |- |2017–18 |5 |0 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |15 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !15 !1 !0 !0 !- !- !- !- !15 !1 |- |Arsenal Kyiv (nke e gbazitere) |2017–18 |Persha Liha |11 |7 |2 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |13 |7 |- |Akzhayik (onye e gbazitere) |2018 |Njikọ Premier nke Kazakhstan |13 |8 |0 |0 | colspan="2" | - | colspan="2" | - |13 |8 |- | rowspan="5" |Kairat |2018 | rowspan="4" |Njikọ Premier nke Kazakhstan |16 |9 |0 |0 |6 |3 |0 |0 |22 |12 |- |2019 |27 |19 |0 |0 |4 |2 |1 |0 |32 |21 |- |2020 |17 |2 |0 |0 |2 |1 | colspan="2" | - |19 |3 |- |2021 |3 |1 |0 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |5 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Ngụkọta !63 !31 !0 !0 !12 !8 !1 !0 !78 !37 |- | rowspan="1" |Vorskla Poltava |2021-22 |Njikọ Premier nke Ukraine |2 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |2 |0 |- | rowspan="1" |Hebar Pazardzhik |2022-23 |Njikọ Mbụ |15 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |15 |0 |- | rowspan="1" |Lviv |2022-23 |Njikọ Premier nke Ukraine |6 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |6 |0 |- ! colspan="3" |Ọrụ ya niile !158 !62 !5 !1 !12 !6 !3 !0 !179 !68 |} == Nsọpụrụ == ; Kairat * Njikọ Premier nke Kazakhstan: 2020 * Iko Kazakhstan: 2018, 2019 * Onye nwetara ọlaọcha: 2018, 2019 ; Onye ọ bụla * Onye kacha gbaa bọọlụ na Kazakhstan Premier League: 2019 (19 goolu) na Marin Tomasov == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Aderinsola EseolanaUAFnaEbe nchekwa FFU (n'asụsụ Ukrainian) * Aderinsola Eseolan'okporo ụzọ bọọlụ * [http://www.allplayers.in.ua/ua/player/3744 Allplayers.in.ua] * [https://www.instagram.com/derin691/?hl=en Instagram] {{FC Lviv squad}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] qpkxw7xfwu263gzwngx104woeromc83 0 33613 729888 145529 2026-10-01T20:45:38Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 729888 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline">Ladipo Adamolekun</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |July 20, 1942<br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">[[Ado-Odo/Ota|Iju]], Ondo Steeti[[Ondo State|Ógbè Ondo]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mba | class="infobox-data category" |[[Nigeria|Onye Naijiria]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A maara ya maka&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |[[Public Management|Nchịkwa Ọha]] |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>'''Ọrụ sayensị''' |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụlọ ọrụ | class="infobox-data" |[[Mahadum nke Obafemi Awolowo|Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo]]<br />[[World Bank|Ụlọ Akụ̀ Ụwa]]<br />[[Mahadum Federal nke Nkà na ụzụ, Akure|Mahadum Nkà na Ụzụ Federal Akure]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ | class="infobox-data" |http://www.adamolekun.com/ |} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Ladipo Adamolekun''' (amụrụ na Julaị 20, 1942) bụ [[Ndị Naijiria|Onye Naijiria]] na-amụ banyere nchịkwa ọha na eze, onye bụbu Dean nke Faculty of Administration na [[Mahadum nke Obafemi Awolowo|Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo]] ma bụrụkwa onye isi nchịkwa ọha mmadụ na World Bank.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Ndụ == A mụrụ ya na Iju, obodo dị nso na [[Akure]] na Idanre na Ondo Steeti n'ezinụlọ Joshua Famutimi Adamolekun, onye ọrụ ugbo na Juliana Bamo (née Falade). A mụrụ nne ya na David Bamidele Falade na Comfort Ojubutu, a mụkwara ya ọnwa ole na ole tupu amụọ Juliana.Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Oyemekun Grammar School na Christ's School Ado Ekiti. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nnma.gov.ng/Oladipupo%20O.%20Adamolekun%27s%20CV/pg1.pdf |title=NAME: |accessdate=2023-11-04 |archivedate=2008-12-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204091436/http://www.nnma.gov.ng/Oladipupo%20O.%20Adamolekun%27s%20CV/pg1.pdf }}</ref> nwetara akara ugo mmụta mbụ na [[Asụsụ French|French]] na Mahadum Ibadan, nzere masta na Public Administration na Ife na nzere doctoral na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Mahadum Oxford. Ọ sonyeere ngalaba nchịkwa na Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo nke Ife, na 1968, ma site na 1979 ruo 1982, ọ bụ dean nke ngalaba ahụ. N'oge ọ nọ na Ife, o lekwasịrị anya n'ụlọ ọrụ nchịkwa n'[[Afrịka]] ọkachasị ụkpụrụ ọdịnala French nke nchịkwa na mba Ndị na-asụ French na njikwa obodo na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Naịjirịa. == Nnyocha == N'afọ 1976, o bipụtara akwụkwọ, "Sekou Toure's Guinea", otu n'ime akwụkwọ ole na ole n'asụsụ Bekee gbasara Guinea n'oge ahụ. Akwụkwọ ya toro ụfọdụ mgbalị Sekou Toure na iwulite mba, mbelata nke asọmpi agbụrụ na imeziwanye nha nhata. <ref>Virginia Thompson. Reviewed Work(s): Sekou Toure's Guinea: An Experiment in Nation Building by 'Ladipo Adamolekun. The American Historical Review > Vol. 82, No. 2 (April, 1977)</ref> bụ ezie na, ọ katọkwara ụfọdụ n'ime adịghị ike ya, ụfọdụ ndị nkatọ kwara arịrị maka ọdịda ya ịkọwa ụfọdụ nsogbu ndị gbara mba ahụ gburugburu, gụnyere iwepụ ndị iro Toure, itinye aka na mba ndị gbara ya gburugburu na ọdịda Sekou Toure iji melite ọnọdụ ibi ndụ na mba ahụ. Otú ọ dị, a na-ekwu na akwụkwọ ahụ bụ nzọụkwụ dị mkpa n'ibipụta akụkọ eziokwu n'otu n'ime mba ndị a na-amaghị nke ọma n'ụwa n'oge ahụ. N'ime ụfọdụ ọmụmụ ya, o lekwasịrị anya na mgbanwe Gọọmentị ime obodo na enweghị isi nke atụmatụ etiti na Naịjirịa. Mgbanwe gọọmentị ime obodo ma ọ bụ decentralization bụ otu n'ime echiche ndị a ma ama nke ndị nyocha ọdịda anyanwụ na ndị ọkà mmụta Afrịka dị ka ngwá ọrụ dị mkpa iji wuo ntọala ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya siri ike. Ọzọkwa, kemgbe 1922, site na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu na Naịjirịa na-achị ala ọzọ nke gụnyere ụmụ amaala, ndị na-ahụ mba n'anya bụ ndị e kwenyere na ha nwere ihe ịga nke ọma karịa ndị na-ewu mba, na-akwado ụkpụrụ ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na nkewa megide usoro ọchịchị aka ike nke ọchịchị onye kwuo ike. Site mgbe ahụ ruo 1960, e nwere mgbalị jikọrọ aka iji wulite decentralization n'ime usoro nchịkwa, nkewa a bịara na njedebe na ọbịbịa nke nnwere onwe na 1960. Echiche Adamolekun banyere gọọmentị ime obodo na nkewa n'oge nnwere onwe bụ otu n'ime ike na gọọmentị mpaghara nke ọtụtụ ndị Afrịka. Deconcentration <ref>Dele Olowu, James S. Wunsch; The Failure of the Centralized State: Institutions and Self-Governance in Africa, Westview Press, 1990, pp79-90.</ref> ihe omume mgbe a na-ebufe naanị ọrụ ma ọ bụ ikike, mana ọ bụghị ihe onwunwe ma ọ bụ ịza ajụjụ mpaghara. Nke a dị iche na inyefe, mgbe enwere nnyefe, site na iwu na omume ndị ọzọ, nke ibu ọrụ, ihe onwunwe, na ịza ajụjụ, a kwenyere na usoro inyefe dị mkpa maka ezi ọchịchị na nchịkwa mpaghara.   [Nkọwa dị mkpa] Ihe omume ahụ mekwara ka ndị isi ọrụ na-agba ọsọ na ntuli aka na mpaghara mana na-ahụ ikike na-adịghị ike na ọchịchị mpaghara, wee hapụ iji sonye na steeti ma ọ bụ ọkwa gọọmentị etiti.Ọ na-elepụtakwa dị ka onye na-adịghị ike, nchịkwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nchịkwa kachasị elu, nke nyere aka na ọdịda nke atụmatụ gọọmentị. O kwusiri ike na enweghị nkwekọrịta na njikọ nke ndị isi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nchịkwa nwere oke adịghị ike. N'adịghị ka nkwenye a ma ama banyere adịghị ike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ịdị irè nke nchịkwa. Ọ na-ahụkwa ịga n'ihu n'etiti mgbanwe ọchịchị mgbe niile n'adịghị ka nkwenye a na-eche na mgbanwe ọchịchị nwere ike iweta ọganihu na usoro nchịkwa ma ọ bụ Ọrụ gọọmentị. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Adamolekun, Ladipo}} == Njikọ mpụga == * http://www.adamolekun.com [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ihsrbg6losph6cnyiple4kectns42t2 0 33677 729887 134809 2026-10-01T20:44:00Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 729887 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Muhammed K. Abubakar|image=|caption=|office1=Federal Minister of Science and Technology|term_start1=6 April 2010|term_end1=2014|predecessor1=[[Alhassan Bako Zaku]]|successor1=|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1959|10|19|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Zuru]], [[Kebbi State]], [[Nigeria]]|death_date=|death_place=|party=}} <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201004081112.html|title=New Cabinet Brings Aso-Rock Alive Again|work=Vanguard|author=Daniel Idonor|date=8 April 2010|accessdate=2010-04-16}}</ref> họpụtara '''Muhammed K. Abubakar''' (amụrụ n'abalị iri na itoolu n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1959) ka ọ bụrụ Minista Sayensị na Teknụzụ [[Naijiria|Onye Naijiria]] n'ụbọchị nke isii n'ọnwarị n'afọ 2010, mgbe onye isi ala [[Goodluck Jonathan]] kwupụtara kansụl ọhụrụ ya. A mụrụ Abubakar na 19 Ọktoba 1959 na Zuru na Kebbi Steeti. Ọ gụrụ biochemistry na [[Mahadum nke Ahmadu Bello|Mahadum Ahmadu Bello]], Zaria ebe ọ nwetara B.Sc. na 1982 na M.Sc. na 1989. N'afọ 1994, ọ nwetara Ph.D. na biochemistry na Mahadum Essex na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]]. Ọ nọ n'ọkwá nchịkwa na gọọmentị, na ọkwa nkuzi na Mahadum Usmanu Danfodiyo . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.leadershipnigeria.com/columns/views/politics/13675-new-ministers-jonathans-cabinet-in-focus|title=New Ministers: Jonathan’s Cabinet In Focus|author=Golu Timothy|work=Leadership|date=10 April 2010|accessdate=2010-04-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100413014057/http://www.leadershipnigeria.com/columns/views/politics/13675-new-ministers-jonathans-cabinet-in-focus|archivedate=13 April 2010}}</ref> Mgbe emesịrị <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201004080446.html|title=Science Minister Advocates Turning Ideas Into Products|work=Daily Champion|date=8 April 2010|accessdate=2010-04-16}}</ref> dị ka Minista nke Sayensị na Teknụzụ na 6 Eprel 2010, Abubakar kwuru na ozi ya ga-echegbu onwe ya banyere ịsụgharị echiche sayensị na mmepụta. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:K. Abubakar, Muhammed}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 9rnhsgekrqm1jsjfv9xv2rp11qlxgf0 0 33693 729886 624125 2026-10-01T20:42:37Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 729886 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Nyaudoh Ndaeyo|honorific-prefix=Professor|image=|caption=|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1961|03|25}}|alma_mater=[[University of Uyo]]|death_date=|death_place=}} <ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-10-06|title=Prof. Ndaeyo emerges UNIUYO VC {{!}} The Nation Newspaper|language=en-US|work=The Nation Newspaper|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/prof-ndaeyo-emerges-uniuyo-vc/|accessdate=2023-02-23}}</ref>'''Nyaudoh Ukpabio Ndaeyo''' (amụrụ na 25 Machị 1961) bụ prọfesọ Naijiria nke usoro ugbo na osote chancellor nke Mahadum Uyo ugbu a . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ndaeyo Emerges 8th Vice Chancellor Of UNIUYO – Independent Newspaper Nigeria|url=https://independent.ng/ndaeyo-emerges-8th-vice-chancellor-of-uniuyo/|accessdate=2023-02-23|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == Ndaeyo si n'ógbè gọọmentị ime obodo Ini nke [[Ȯra Akwa Ibom|Akwa Ibom Steeti]] ma amụọ ya na 25 Machị 1961. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2020-10-07|title=Prof. Ndaeyo emerges Vice Chancellor of UNIUYO|url=https://dailytrust.com/prof-ndaeyo-emerges-vice-chancellor-of-uniuyo/|accessdate=2023-02-23|work=Daily Trust|language=en-GB}}</ref> lụrụ di ma nwee ụmụ abụọ. == Mmụta == Ndaeyo nwere nzere dọkịta nke nkà ihe ọmụma <ref name="Headliners">{{Cite web|author=Headliners|date=2020-10-07|title=Prof Ndaeyo Emerges Vice-Chancellor, University Of Uyo {{!}} Nigeria News Headlines Today|url=https://www.newsheadlines.com.ng/leadership-newspapers/2020/10/07/prof-ndaeyo-emerges-vice-chancellor-university-of-uyo/,%20https://leadership.ng/2020/10/07/prof-ndaeyo-emerges-vice-chancellor-university-of-uyo/|accessdate=2023-02-23|language=en-US}}</ref> usoro ugbo na nzere masta na agronomy, ma site na Mahadum Ibadan. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-12-30|title=Sanitation project will boost UNIUYO profile - VC|url=https://punchng.com/sanitation-project-will-boost-uniuyo-profile-vc/|accessdate=2023-02-23|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/regional/south-south-regional/418770-uniuyo-gets-new-vice-chancellor.html|title=UNIUYO Gets new Vice-Chancellor|accessdate=2023-02-23|work=www.premiumtimesng.com}}</ref> nwetakwara akara ugo mmụta mbụ ya na agronomy na Mahadum Uyo na Ordinary National Diploma na ọrụ ugbo na College of Agriculture, Obubra. == Ọrụ == Ndaeyo jere ozi dị ka onye isi nke ngalaba, dean nke ngalaba ọrụ ugbo, onyeisi oche nke kọmitii nke dean, na osote onye isi oche. <ref name="Headliners" /><ref name=":0" /> bụ prọfesọ nke usoro ugbo ma họpụta ya dị ka osote onye isi nke asatọ nke Mahadum Uyo na 6 Ọktoba 2022. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ndaeyo, Nyaudoh}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] rlkl8ifahu02csdnguirj8jtvyb232d 0 33710 729885 696462 2026-10-01T20:41:31Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 729885 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline">Maria Bonghi Jovino</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |1931<br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">Naples, Ịtali</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Aha ya | class="infobox-data title" |Prọfesọ nke Etruscology na Italic Archaeology |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ịdọ aka ná ntị | class="infobox-data" |Nkà mmụta ihe ochie |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Akụkụ nke ọzụzụ | class="infobox-data" |Ọmụmụ ihe Etruscology |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụlọ ọrụ | class="infobox-data" |Mahadum nke Milan |} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Maria Bonghi Jovino''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1931) bụ onye ọkà mmụta ihe ochie nke Ịtali. Bonghi Jovino bụ Prọfesọ nke Etruscology na Italic Archaeology na Mahadum Milan . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ajaonline.org/author/791|title=Maria Bonghi Jovino|publisher=American Journal of Archaeology|work=www.ajaonline.org|date=January 2010|language=en|accessdate=22 October 2018|archivedate=22 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122172138/https://www.ajaonline.org/author/791}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == Ọrụ ya na-elekwasị anya na Italy tupu ndị Rom, gụnyere mmepeanya Etruscan na Campania tupu ndị Rom. Ọ gwupụtara na Campania na Etruria. Nnukwu nchọpụta dị na Tarquinia, ọ nyekwara ntụziaka nchọpụta na Pompeii (Regio VI, Insula 5). <ref name=":0"/> Site <ref>{{Cite book|title=Etruscology|author=Alessandro|first=Naso|isbn=978-1934078495|location=Boston, US|oclc=1012851705|date=2017-09-25}}</ref> 1982 ọ duziri nchọpụta na Piano di Civita, ebe ọrụ ọha na eze na nke okpukpe. [1] == Onyinye na nsọpụrụ == Bonghi Jovino bụ onye otu Board of Directors nke Istituto Nazionale di Studi Etruschi e Italici, Accademia di Napoli. Ọ nọ na Kọmitii ndụmọdụ nke ntọala maka Faina Museum nke Orvieto ma bụrụkwa onye otu Deutsches Archäologisches Institut. E mere ya nwa amaala nsọpụrụ nke Tarquinia na 2008. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.civonline.it/articolo/cittadinanza-onoraria-alla-professoressa-maria-bonghi-iovino|title=Cittadinanza onoraria alla professoressa Maria Bonghi Iovino|work=CIVONLINE|accessdate=2018-10-22|archivedate=2018-11-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122215406/http://www.civonline.it/articolo/cittadinanza-onoraria-alla-professoressa-maria-bonghi-iovino}}</ref> Bonghi Jovino bụ onye nduzi nke usoro mbipụta ''Capua Preromana'' .   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2018)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> N'afọ 2012, a raara mpịakọta Interpretando l'antico nye ya. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Interpretando l'antico : scritti di archeologia offerti a Maria Bonghi Jovino|others=Bonghi Jovino, Maria,, Chiaramonte Treré, Cristina,, Bagnasco Gianni, Giovanna,, Chiesa, Federica,, Università di Milano. Sezione di archeologia., Cisalpino (Firm)|isbn=9788820510473|location=Milano|oclc=855995949|year=2012}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == === Tarquinia === * Funzioni, symbo na potere. I 'bronzi' nke 'complesso' di Tarquinia, na Kolloquium zum Thema Der Orient und Etrurien, Tübingen June 1997 (Hrsg. Friedhelm Prayon und Wolfang Röllig), Roma-Pisa 2000. * Progettualità e concettualità nel percorso storico di Tarquinia, in Tarquinia e le civiltà del Mediterraneo, Atti del Convegno Internazionale (Milano 22-24 June 2004), Milan 2006. * Tarquinia Ụdị Onyinye, Chi Etruscan na Àgwà na Ihe Ndị Echaeological Record, na Akụkụ Ihe onwunwe nke Okpukpe Etruscan. Ihe omuma nke International Colloquium, Leiden, May 29 na 30, 2008, Leuven 2010. * Tarquinia M na-atụ egwu. Realtà e immaginario di un archeologo, Milan 2011. * The Tarquinia Project: Nchịkọta nke afọ 25 nke nchọpụta. ''American Journal of Archaeology'' 114.1, 161-180. DOI: 10,3764/aja.114,1,161. * Banyere ụmụ akwụkwụ nke Tarquinia. Ntụle. ''Atenaeum'' 97 (2): 471-476 * L'uomo di mare di Tarquinia. Otu àjà humano na-azaghachi na abitativo tra riflessione teorica e documentazione archeologica. 2018. Ihe ndị na-eme n'oge ochie === Ọrụ aka === * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * Otu tabella capuana con ratto di Ganimede ed i suoiangang con l'arte tarantina, na Hommages à M. Renard III, Coll. Latomus 103, 1968. * N'ihi ya, ọ dị n'akwụkwọ a kpọrọ Etruria ed i suoi riflessi nell'Italia antica. Questioni cronologiche e correlazioni artistiche, na Atti del Secondo Congresso Internazionale Etrusco, Firenze (1985), Roma 1989. * Artigiani na botteghe nell'Italia preromana. Appunti e riflessioni per un sistema di analisi; na Artigiani e botteghe nell'Italia preromana, Studi sulla coroplastica di area etrusco-laziale-campana, Roma 1990. * Ebe nsọ na ememe * Obere ihe na-eme ka ọ dị obere Depositi votivi na sacralità. Dall'analisi del rituale alla letura interpretativa delle forme di religiosità, na Atti del Convegno "Depositi votivi e culti dell'Italia antica, dall'età arcaica a aquella tardo-repubblicana", Perugia 2000, Lecce 2005. * I rituali sacri degli Etruschi tra identità e innovazione alla luce di un inedito calderone di impasto dall'area sacra di Tarquinia, na Across Frontiers. Ndị Etruscan, ndị Gris, ndị Phoenician na ndị Saịprọs, Studies in honour of David Ridgway and Francesca Romana Serra Ridgway, London 2006. === Ụzọ e si ekewa === * Aspetti e problemi dell' "Archeologia da campo". Acquisizioni, prospective e considerazioni teoretiche e metodologiche, na Proceedings of the XVth International Congresso f Classical Archaeology, Amsterdam July 12-17, 1998, Amsterdam 1999. * Prospettive di pensiero na prassi archeologica. Appunti in margine alla classificazione e all'interpretazione dei materia archeologici di Tarquinia, na Studi di protostoria in onore di Renato Peroni, Firenze 2006. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bonghi Jovino, Maria}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ol3k21gk43f204dqy562c2svuf3vt8f 729894 729885 2026-10-01T20:51:50Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 729894 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline">Maria Bonghi Jovino</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |1931<br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">Naples, Ịtali</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Aha ya | class="infobox-data title" |Prọfesọ nke Etruscology na Italic Archaeology |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" |Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ịdọ aka ná ntị | class="infobox-data" |Nkà mmụta ihe ochie |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Akụkụ nke ọzụzụ | class="infobox-data" |Ọmụmụ ihe Etruscology |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụlọ ọrụ | class="infobox-data" |Mahadum nke Milan |} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Maria Bonghi Jovino''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1931) bụ onye ọkà mmụta ihe ochie nke Ịtali. Bonghi Jovino bụ Prọfesọ nke Etruscology na Italic Archaeology na Mahadum Milan . <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ajaonline.org/author/791|title=Maria Bonghi Jovino|publisher=American Journal of Archaeology|work=www.ajaonline.org|date=January 2010|language=en|accessdate=22 October 2018|archivedate=22 November 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122172138/https://www.ajaonline.org/author/791}}</ref> == Akụkọ ndụ == Ọrụ ya na-elekwasị anya na Italy tupu ndị Rom, gụnyere mmepeanya Etruscan na Campania tupu ndị Rom. Ọ gwupụtara na Campania na Etruria. Nnukwu nchọpụta dị na Tarquinia, ọ nyekwara ntụziaka nchọpụta na Pompeii (Regio VI, Insula 5). <ref name=":0"/> Site <ref>{{Cite book|title=Etruscology|author=Alessandro|first=Naso|isbn=978-1934078495|location=Boston, US|oclc=1012851705|date=2017-09-25}}</ref> 1982 ọ duziri nchọpụta na Piano di Civita, ebe ọrụ ọha na eze na nke okpukpe. [1] == Onyinye na nsọpụrụ == Bonghi Jovino bụ onye otu Board of Directors nke Istituto Nazionale di Studi Etruschi e Italici, Accademia di Napoli. Ọ nọ na Kọmitii ndụmọdụ nke ntọala maka Faina Museum nke Orvieto ma bụrụkwa onye otu Deutsches Archäologisches Institut. E mere ya nwa amaala nsọpụrụ nke Tarquinia na 2008. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.civonline.it/articolo/cittadinanza-onoraria-alla-professoressa-maria-bonghi-iovino|title=Cittadinanza onoraria alla professoressa Maria Bonghi Iovino|work=CIVONLINE|accessdate=2018-10-22|archivedate=2018-11-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122215406/http://www.civonline.it/articolo/cittadinanza-onoraria-alla-professoressa-maria-bonghi-iovino}}</ref> Bonghi Jovino bụ onye nduzi nke usoro mbipụta ''Capua Preromana'' .   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2018)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> N'afọ 2012, a raara mpịakọta Interpretando l'antico nye ya. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Interpretando l'antico : scritti di archeologia offerti a Maria Bonghi Jovino|others=Bonghi Jovino, Maria,, Chiaramonte Treré, Cristina,, Bagnasco Gianni, Giovanna,, Chiesa, Federica,, Università di Milano. Sezione di archeologia., Cisalpino (Firm)|isbn=9788820510473|location=Milano|oclc=855995949|year=2012}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ == === Tarquinia === * Funzioni, symbo na potere. I 'bronzi' nke 'complesso' di Tarquinia, na Kolloquium zum Thema Der Orient und Etrurien, Tübingen June 1997 (Hrsg. Friedhelm Prayon und Wolfang Röllig), Roma-Pisa 2000. * Progettualità e concettualità nel percorso storico di Tarquinia, in Tarquinia e le civiltà del Mediterraneo, Atti del Convegno Internazionale (Milano 22-24 June 2004), Milan 2006. * Tarquinia Ụdị Onyinye, Chi Etruscan na Àgwà na Ihe Ndị Echaeological Record, na Akụkụ Ihe onwunwe nke Okpukpe Etruscan. Ihe omuma nke International Colloquium, Leiden, May 29 na 30, 2008, Leuven 2010. * Tarquinia M na-atụ egwu. Realtà e immaginario di un archeologo, Milan 2011. * The Tarquinia Project: Nchịkọta nke afọ 25 nke nchọpụta. ''American Journal of Archaeology'' 114.1, 161-180. DOI: 10,3764/aja.114,1,161. * Banyere ụmụ akwụkwụ nke Tarquinia. Ntụle. ''Atenaeum'' 97 (2): 471-476 * L'uomo di mare di Tarquinia. Otu àjà humano na-azaghachi na abitativo tra riflessione teorica e documentazione archeologica. 2018. Ihe ndị na-eme n'oge ochie === Ọrụ aka === * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] * Otu tabella capuana con ratto di Ganimede ed i suoiangang con l'arte tarantina, na Hommages à M. Renard III, Coll. Latomus 103, 1968. * N'ihi ya, ọ dị n'akwụkwọ a kpọrọ Etruria ed i suoi riflessi nell'Italia antica. Questioni cronologiche e correlazioni artistiche, na Atti del Secondo Congresso Internazionale Etrusco, Firenze (1985), Roma 1989. * Artigiani na botteghe nell'Italia preromana. Appunti e riflessioni per un sistema di analisi; na Artigiani e botteghe nell'Italia preromana, Studi sulla coroplastica di area etrusco-laziale-campana, Roma 1990. * Ebe nsọ na ememe * Obere ihe na-eme ka ọ dị obere Depositi votivi na sacralità. Dall'analisi del rituale alla letura interpretativa delle forme di religiosità, na Atti del Convegno "Depositi votivi e culti dell'Italia antica, dall'età arcaica a aquella tardo-repubblicana", Perugia 2000, Lecce 2005. * I rituali sacri degli Etruschi tra identità e innovazione alla luce di un inedito calderone di impasto dall'area sacra di Tarquinia, na Across Frontiers. Ndị Etruscan, ndị Gris, ndị Phoenician na ndị Saịprọs, Studies in honour of David Ridgway and Francesca Romana Serra Ridgway, London 2006. === Ụzọ e si ekewa === * Aspetti e problemi dell' "Archeologia da campo". Acquisizioni, prospective e considerazioni teoretiche e metodologiche, na Proceedings of the XVth International Congresso f Classical Archaeology, Amsterdam July 12-17, 1998, Amsterdam 1999. * Prospettive di pensiero na prassi archeologica. Appunti in margine alla classificazione e all'interpretazione dei materia archeologici di Tarquinia, na Studi di protostoria in onore di Renato Peroni, Firenze 2006. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Jovino Bonghi, Maria}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] fodm1l0td9gwnmpn3dgb5zjq7dh9kmw 0 33858 729892 725830 2026-10-01T20:50:28Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 729892 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline">Enase Felicia Okonedo</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mmụta | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Mahadum Benin (BSc) * IESE Business School (MBA) * International School of Management (Paris) (PhD) </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nzukọ | class="infobox-data org" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * [[Lagos Business School|Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Azụmaahịa Lagos]] * [[Pan-Atlantic University|Mahadum Pan-Atlantic]] </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A maara ya maka&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" | * Mmụta ndị isi na njikwa * Nchịkwa ego na azụmaahịa |} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="fn" style="display:inline">Enase Felicia Okonedo</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mmụta | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * Mahadum Benin (BSc) * IESE Business School (MBA) * International School of Management (Paris) (PhD) </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nzukọ | class="infobox-data org" |<templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css" /><div class="plainlist"> * [[Lagos Business School|Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Azụmaahịa Lagos]] * [[Pan-Atlantic University|Mahadum Pan-Atlantic]] </div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A maara ya maka&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" | * Mmụta ndị isi na njikwa * Nchịkwa ego na azụmaahịa |} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Enase Felicia Okonedo''' bụ osote onye isi nke [[Pan-Atlantic University|Mahadum Pan-Atlantic]] na onye bụbu dean nke Lagos Business School (LBS), ụlọ akwụkwọ azụmahịa gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum pan-Atlantic, Nigeria.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ogbechie Appointed LBS’ Dean – THISDAYLIVE|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/11/30/ogbechie-appointed-lbs-dean/|accessdate=2022-12-09|work=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref> bụ dean nke Lagos Business School ruo afọ iri na otu ma [[Chris Ogbechie]] nọchiri ya. N'afọ 2017, a họpụtara Okonedo dị ka otu n'ime [[Ndị Naijiria]] 50 kachasị nwee mmetụta (36th).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://businessday.ng/research-pdf/article/report-50-influential-nigerians-2017/|title=50 most influential Nigerians in 2017|date=2018-02-15|work=Businessday NG|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-05-06}}</ref> == Mmụta == Okonedo nwere BSc<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bsg.ox.ac.uk/people/enase-okonedo|title=Enase Okonedo|work=www.bsg.ox.ac.uk|language=en|accessdate=2019-05-06}}</ref> ndekọ ego site na Mahadum Benin, MBA site na IESE Business School na Barcelona, na Doctorate na nchịkwa azụmahịa site na [[Paris]])" id="mwHw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="International School of Management (Paris)">International School of Management (Paris) na Paris. == Ọrụ == N'afọ 2009, Okonedo ghọrọ onye isi nke LBS ebe ọ na-ahụ maka ntụziaka atụmatụ na ihe niile gbasara agụmakwụkwọ na nchịkwa nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lbs.edu.ng/faculty_profiles/okonedo-enase/|title=Enase Okonedo|work=Lagos Business School|accessdate=2019-05-06|archivedate=2019-05-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506150330/https://www.lbs.edu.ng/faculty_profiles/okonedo-enase/}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.pau.edu.ng/about-pau/governance/umc/okonedo/|title=Dr. Enase Okonedo {{!}} Welcome to Pan-Atlantic University|language=en-GB|accessdate=2019-05-06|archivedate=2019-05-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506150318/http://www.pau.edu.ng/about-pau/governance/umc/okonedo/}}</ref>'afọ 2013, n'oge ọ na-eduzi, LBS guzobere Centre for Research in Leadership and Ethics (CRLE) na Centre for Competitiveness and Strategy (CCS). [1] Tupu ọ bụrụ onye isi, Okonedo bụ onye otu oge niile nke ngalaba, na-akụzi ihe ọmụmụ na njikwa ego ụlọ ọrụ na atụmatụ ego. Tupu<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/53e2c298-02c7-11e4-81b1-00144feab7de|title=Meet the dean: Enase Okonedo, Lagos Business School|author=Bradshaw|first=Della|date=2014-07-04|work=Financial Times|language=en-GB|accessdate=2019-05-06}}</ref> banye n'ọkwa onye na-eme nchọpụta na LBS Okonedo bụ onye na-ahụ maka ụlọ akụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ. <ref name=":0"/>'agbata afọ 2012 na afọ 2013 Okonedo bụ onye isi oche nke Association of African Business Schools (AABS), na onye otu bọọdụ ruo n'afọ 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aabschools.com/staff/dr-enase-okonedo/|title=Dr Enase Okonedo|work=AABS|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-05-06|archivedate=2019-05-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506150331/https://www.aabschools.com/staff/dr-enase-okonedo/}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.weforum.org/people/enase-okonedo/|title=Enase Okonedo|work=World Economic Forum|accessdate=2019-05-06}}</ref><ref name=":1"/> onye otu Senate na kansụl na-achịkwa [[Pan-Atlantic University|Mahadum Pan-Atlantic]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aacsb.edu/about/who-we-are/board-of-directors|title=AACSB Board of Directors {{!}} Fostering Engagement and Innovation|work=www.aacsb.edu|accessdate=2019-05-06}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/new-leadership-named-to-aacsb-internationals-board-of-directors-300595111.html|title=New Leadership Named to AACSB International's Board of Directors|author=International|first=AACSB|work=www.prnewswire.com|language=en|accessdate=2019-05-06}}</ref>'ọnwa Nọvemba afọ 2015, e nyere ya dịka Fellow nke Society of Corporate Governance Nigeria (SCGN) ma họpụta ya na Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) nke mba ụwa, ka ọ na-eje ozi dị ka odeakwụkwọ-onye na-ahụ maka akụ na onye otu kọmitii nke AACSB. [1] [2] Okonedo<ref name=":3" /> onye otu Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria (FCA) na onye otu International Academy of Management (IAM). [1] Okonedo<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gbsn.org/about/enase-okonedo/|title=Enase Okonedo|work=GBSN|language=en-US|accessdate=2019-05-06}}</ref> na bọọdụ ndụmọdụ agụmakwụkwọ maka Global Business School Network (GBSN) na maka Blavatnik School of Government na Mahadum Oxford. [1]<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aigafrica.org/Who-we-are|title=AIG Africa|work=www.aigafrica.org/Who-we-are|accessdate=2023-11-05|archivedate=2021-06-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615102118/https://www.aigafrica.org/Who-we-are}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://aifareadingsociety.org/enaseokonedo.php|title=AIFA : President|work=aifareadingsociety.org|accessdate=2019-05-06|archivedate=2018-10-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006085029/http://aifareadingsociety.org/enaseokonedo.php}}</ref> bụkwa onye isi oche nke AIFA Reading Society, Nigeria na panel nke ndị ndụmọdụ maka Africa Initiative for Governance. [1] [2] == Mgbasa ozi == Okonedo na ọrụ ya apụtala na Financial Times (2014) na The Business Year (2017).<ref name=":2"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thebusinessyear.com/nigeria-2017/focus-on-business/interview|title=FOCUS on business|work=The Business Year|accessdate=2019-05-06|archivedate=2019-05-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506150335/https://www.thebusinessyear.com/nigeria-2017/focus-on-business/interview}}</ref> == Ihe odide == <references /> {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Okonedo, Enase}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] jj3zudaa6nyq4t0yqhgpwc55eexpv35 0 34166 729895 205874 2026-10-01T20:54:44Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 729895 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Amal Hassan|image=|alt=|caption=|birth_name=|birth_date=|birth_place=|nationality=Nigerian|education=[[Bayero University Kano]]|occupation=Technology Entrepreneur|years_active=2015–present|known_for=Founder Of Outsource Global|notable_works=|title=|criminal_charge=<!-- Criminality parameters should be supported with citations from reliable sources -->|spouse=|children=|awards=|website=}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] <ref>{{Cite web|author=Africa|first=Konnect|date=2020-01-29|title=From Nigeria to the world – Amal Hassan Breaking Boundaries With Outsource Global - Motivation {{!}} Quotes {{!}} Africans - Konnect Africa|url=https://konnectafrica.net/outsource-global/|accessdate=2021-12-18|language=en-GB|archivedate=2023-03-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315231907/https://konnectafrica.net/outsource-global/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=» Amal Hassan|url=https://bolatinubucolloquium.org/speaker/amal-hassan/|accessdate=2021-12-18|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-03-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315231908/https://bolatinubucolloquium.org/speaker/amal-hassan/}}</ref>'''Amal Hassan''' bụ onye ọchụnta ego teknụzụ Naijiria na onye isi ọrụ na Outsource global <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-04-11|title=Outsource CEO, Amal, showcases at inaugural intra-African trade fair in Cairo|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2019/04/outsource-ceo-amal-showcases-at-inaugural-intra-african-trade-fair-in-cairo/|accessdate=2021-12-18|work=Vanguard News|language=en-US}}</ref> na-enye ebe ndị ọzọ ọ malitere na 2013. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-11-10|title=Firm partners world leaders to create jobs for African youths|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/firm-partners-world-leaders-to-create-jobs-for-african-youths/|accessdate=2021-12-18|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-03-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315231745/https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/firm-partners-world-leaders-to-create-jobs-for-african-youths/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Africa|first=Konnect|date=2020-01-29|title=From Nigeria to the world – Amal Hassan Breaking Boundaries With Outsource Global - Motivation {{!}} Quotes {{!}} Africans - Konnect Africa|url=https://konnectafrica.net/outsource-global/|accessdate=2021-12-18|language=en-GB|archivedate=2023-03-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315231907/https://konnectafrica.net/outsource-global/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-07-31|title=Amal Hassan named among emerging leaders of U.S. global women's mentoring partnership|url=https://guardian.ng/appointments/amal-hassan-named-among-emerging-leaders-of-u-s-global-womens-mentoring-partnership/|accessdate=2021-12-18|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-03-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230315232017/https://guardian.ng/appointments/amal-hassan-named-among-emerging-leaders-of-u-s-global-womens-mentoring-partnership/}}</ref>'afọ 2018, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị isi azụmaahịa 16 a kpọrọ aha n'etiti 2018 Fortune-US Department of State Global Women's Mentoring Partnership [1] ma were ya dị ka ihe nlereanya maka nwa agbọghọ na-eto eto n'ebe ugwu Naịjirịa. [2] == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hassan, Amal}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] i1odf1jda2emur1p1kinvbzh3zetw9n 0 34192 729897 654549 2026-10-01T20:55:29Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 729897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|honorific_prefix=|name=Tunde Oladimeji|image=|imagesize=|alt=|caption=|birth_name=Babatunde Oladimeji|birth_date=|birth_place=[[Iseyin]]|othername=|nationality=Nigerian|citizenship=Nigerian|alma_mater=University of Ibadan|occupation={{flatlist |*Actor *Director }}|parents=|relatives=|yearsactive=|known for=|notable_works=Aajiirebi|website=}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] <ref name="Independent Newspaper 2020">{{Cite web|title=Venture More Into Indigenous Documentary Films To Promote Culture- Filmmaker|work=www.independent.ng|url=https://www.independent.ng/venture-more-into-indigenous-documentary-films-to-promote-culture-filmmaker/|accessdate=2020-08-24}}</ref><ref name="Prompt News 2021">{{Cite web|title=Maintain technical quality, Documentary Filmmaker urges stakeholders|work=Prompt News|date=2021-01-04|url=https://promptnewsonline.com/maintain-technical-quality-documentary-filmmaker-urges-stakeholders/|accessdate=2021-01-22}}</ref>'''Tunde Oladimeji''' {{Audio|Yo-Tunde Oladimeji.ogg|audio}} bụ onye Naijiria na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-emeeme ihe nkiri na onye na-egosi ihe nkiri telivishọn, nke a maara maka ịmepụta ihe nkiri na asụsụ ụmụ amaala na Naijiria.<ref name="Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics 2017">{{Cite web|title=Aajiirebi enters new season, gets new presenter|work=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics|date=2017-09-24|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/aajiirebi-gets-new-presenter/|language=la|accessdate=2021-01-22}}</ref> bụ onye nduzi nke ''Aajiirebi'', ihe ngosi nri ụtụtụ na-egosi na Africa magic Yoruba . [1] == Ndụ == A mụrụ Oladimeji na [[Iseyin]], Oyo State, Nigeria. Nne <ref name="Tribune Online 2020">{{Cite web|title=Being nominated for AMVCA is an achievement —Oladimeji|work=Tribune Online|date=2020-02-23|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/being-nominated-for-amvca-is-an-achievement-oladimeji/|accessdate=2021-01-22}}</ref> bụ onye nkuzi na nna ya bụ onye nyocha ala.Ọ malitere ọrụ ime ihe nkiri ya na Mahadum nke Ibadan ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ ma soro mepụta ihe nkiri mbụ ya, nke sitere n'akwụkwọ Oladejo Okediji dere n'afọ 1972 nke akpọrọ ''Agbalagba akan'''.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> <ref name="Mix 2019">{{Cite web|author=Mix|first=Pulse|title=DSTV shuts down the internet with Borokini|work=Pulse Nigeria|date=2019-04-13|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/metro/dstv-shuts-down-the-internet-with-borokini/dbjmyqz|accessdate=2021-01-22}}</ref> rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa na [[Borokini]], a Yoruba Telenovela na ọrụ dị mkpa n'''Akekaka'', ihe nkiri nke Jaiye Kuti mepụtara nke gosipụtara Femi Adebayo, Mercy Aigbe na Ebun Oloyede. <ref name="Mercy Aigbe pictured with Olaiya Igwe, Femi Adebayo on movie set 2018">{{Cite web|title=Mercy Aigbe pictured with Olaiya Igwe, Femi Adebayo on movie set|work=Mercy Aigbe pictured with Olaiya Igwe, Femi Adebayo on movie set|date=2018-03-05|url=https://theworldnews.net/ng-news/mercy-aigbe-pictured-with-olaiya-igwe-femi-adebayo-on-movie-set|accessdate=2021-01-22}}</ref> <ref name="Odejimi 2018">{{Cite web|author=Odejimi|first=Segun|title=Rare Edge Media Set To Break Records With "Borokini The Telenovela" Starring Antar Laniyan, Alex Osifo, Olaiya Igwe & Bimbo Oshin|work=TNS|date=2018-02-24|url=https://tns.ng/rare-edge-media-set-to-break-records-with-borokini-the-telenovela-starring-antar-laniyan-alex-osifo-olaiya-igwe-bimbo-oshin/|accessdate=2021-01-22|archivedate=2021-01-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129072215/https://tns.ng/rare-edge-media-set-to-break-records-with-borokini-the-telenovela-starring-antar-laniyan-alex-osifo-olaiya-igwe-bimbo-oshin/}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa osote onye na-emepụta Amstel Malta Box Office Season 5 na onye nduzi nke ''Aajiirebi''. <ref name="Nigerian CommunicationWeek 2020">{{Cite web|title=Meet Tunde Oladimeji: Versatile Documentary Filmmaker and Actor|work=Nigerian CommunicationWeek|date=2020-07-22|url=https://www.nigeriacommunicationsweek.com.ng/meet-tunde-oladimeji-versatile-documentary-filmmaker-and-actor/|accessdate=2021-01-22}}</ref> kwadoro ''''Arambara'''' ma soro duzie ''Eleyinju aani'', Arambara. Oladimeji bụ onye na-emepụta usoro ihe omume Yoruba Heritage. Otu n'ime usoro ihe omume ahụ, a họpụtara ''Ibadan'' na ụdị ihe omume kachasị mma na 2020 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards. Ihe ndekọ n<ref name="Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics 2021">{{Cite web|title=Documentary films: Tools for preserving historical records|work=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics|date=2021-01-15|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/documentary-films-tools-for-preserving-historical-records/|language=la|accessdate=2021-01-22}}</ref> ọzọ dị na usoro ahụ gụnyere Eko àkéte, Abeokuta plasma, Ife Ooye, na Oshogbo Oroki. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Oladimeji, Tunde}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] seaksw27vusawwqrt6ro11uabjlcxh8 0 34229 729898 135445 2026-10-01T20:57:40Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 729898 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Infobox person|honorific_prefix=[[Shaykh]]|name=Awn Al-Qaddoumi|honorific_suffix=|image=Awn Qaddoumi.jpg|image_size=|caption=Al-Qaddoumi in 2013|native_name=عون القدومي|native_name_lang=ar|birth_name=عون|birth_date={{birth date and age|1982|7|2|mf=y}}|birth_place=[[Amman]], [[Jordan]]|death_date=|death_place=|death_cause=|resting_place=|nationality=[[Jordan]]ian|other_names=|citizenship=[[Jordan]]ian|education=|alma_mater=|occupation=[[Islamic scholar]], [[teacher]]|years_active=|employer=|organization=The Ma’arij Institute|agent=|known_for=Founder of<br>The Ma’arij Institute|notable_works=|style=|height=|television=|title=[[Sheikh#Religious usage|Shaykh]]|term=|predecessor=|successor=|party=|boards=|spouse=|children=|parents=Mu’een Al-Qaddoumi (father)|relatives=|awards=|website=|footnotes=}} {| class="infobox biography vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;" |<div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal; display:inline;">[[Shaykh]]</div><br /><div class="fn" style="display:inline">Awn Al-Qaddoumi</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;" |<div class="nickname" lang="ar">Ọ bụ n'oge a na-eme ihe</div> |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:Awn_Qaddoumi.jpg|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption">Al-Qaddoumi na 2013</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A mụrụ ya | class="infobox-data" |<div class="nickname" style="display:inline">عون</div><br /><span style="display:none"> </span> <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1982-07-02</span>)</span> July 2, 1982 <span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (Afọ 41) &nbsp;</span> <br /><div class="birthplace" style="display:inline">[[Amman]], [[Jordan|Jọdan]]</div> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Mba | class="infobox-data category" |[[Jordan|Jọdan]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụmụ amaala | class="infobox-data category" |[[Jordan|Jọdan]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ọrụ (s) | class="infobox-data role" |[[Islamic scholar|Onye ọkà mmụta Alakụba]], [[Teacher|onye nkuzi]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nhazi | class="infobox-data org" |Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ma'arij |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |A maara ya maka&nbsp; | class="infobox-data" |Onye guzobere Ma'arij Institute<br /> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Aha ya | class="infobox-data title" |[[Sheikh#Religious usage|Shaykh]] |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Nne na Nna | class="infobox-data" |Mu'een Al-Qaddoumi (nna) |} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Awn Al-Qaddoumi''' ({{lang-ar|عون القدومي}}), is a well-known Sunni scholar and preacher. He is a popular media host and the principal of The Ma’arij Institute of Islamic Studies in Amman, [[Jọdan|Jordan]]. he pursued his shari’ah studies at the University of Jordan; and currently he is continuing higher academic studies at the Islamic University of Lebanon. Awn na-eme njem nke ukwuu iji kụzie ma mee ya n'ọtụtụ oche dị mkpa nke mmụta Islam dị ka Mahadum Al-Azhar ([[Egypt|Ijipt]]) na Dar al-Mustafa (Yemen). Ọzọkwa, ọ pụtara ọtụtụ ugboro na TV, redio, na [[Intanet|Ịntanetị]]. E nwere ọtụtụ ihe nkiri na vidiyo nke klas ya, nkuzi, na nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe dị n'ịntanetị. bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ guzobere ụlọ ọrụ redio LIFE, ọrụ ọ rụrụ ruo n'oge na-adịbeghị anya. Awn amụtala ihe n'aka ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta, ndị a bụ ụfọdụ n'ime ha: * Noa Qudah, onye bụbu mufti nke Jọdan. * Sa'id Fouda * Habib Umar bin Hafiz == Ebe e si nweta ya == '''Awn Al-Qaddoumi''' ({{lang-ar|عون القدومي}}), is a well-known Sunni scholar and preacher. He is a popular media host and the principal of The Ma’arij Institute of Islamic Studies in [[Amman]], [[Jọdan|Jordan]]. he pursued his shari’ah studies at the [[University of Jordan]]; and currently he is continuing higher academic studies at the Islamic University of Lebanon.{{Reflist}}{{Shafi'i scholars}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Al-Qaddoumi, Awn}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 39fty8rqmfwgesk23zp8l9x8gib93f2 0 34262 729899 674138 2026-10-01T20:58:55Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 729899 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder|name=Attahiru Dalhatu Bafarawa|image=|office1=[[Governor of Sokoto State]]|term_start1=29 May 1999|term_end1=29 May 2007|predecessor1=[[Rufai Garba]]|successor1=[[Aliyu Magatakarda Wamakko]]|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1954|11|04|df=y}}|birth_place=|death_date=|party=}} [[Faịlụ:Attahiru Bafarawa.jpg|thumb|Attahiru Bafarawa]] Alhaji '''Attahiru Dalhatu Bafarawa''' (amụrụ na ubochi anọ na onwa Nọvemba n'afọ 1954) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria bụ onye bụ gọvanọ nke Sokoto Steeti na Naijiria site na ubochi iri abụo na iteolu nke onwa Mee na af 1999 wee ruo 29 Mee na afọ 2007. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sokotostate.gov.ng/government.html|title=Sokoto State Government|publisher=Sokoto State|accessdate=7 December 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090603190721/http://www.sokotostate.gov.ng/government.html|archivedate=3 June 2009}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye kansụl gọọmentị ime obodo na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ. N'afọ 1979, ọ gbara ọsọ na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma maka ntuli aka na House of Representatives na ikpo okwu nke Great Nigeria Peoples Party (GNPP). Ọ bụ onye otu National Constitutional Conference nke afọ 1994 wee rụọ afọ 1995, n'oge ọchịchị ndị agha nke [[Sani Abacha]].Ọ bụ onye guzobere United Nigeria Congress Party (UNCP - 1997) na All People's Party (APP - 1998). <ref name="sunmerit">{{Cite news|first=Ifeatu|author=Dickson|title=Bafarawa: Ahead on merit|url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/opinion/2007/mar/23/opinion-23-03-2007-002.htm|publisher=The Sun Publishing Limited|date=23 March 2007|accessdate=12 April 2008}}</ref> <ref name="sunmerit">{{Cite news|first=Ifeatu|author=Dickson|title=Bafarawa: Ahead on merit|url=http://www.sunnewsonline.com/webpages/opinion/2007/mar/23/opinion-23-03-2007-002.htm|publisher=The Sun Publishing Limited|date=23 March 2007|accessdate=12 April 2008}}</ref>'afọ 1999, a họpụtara ya dịka gọvanọ nke Sokoto Steeti na ikpo okwu nke All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP), a họpụtakwara ya ọzọ maka ANPP n'afọ 2003. Na ọnwa Machị n'afọ 2002, ụlọ ikpe Sharia na Sokoto Steeti tọhapụrụ nwanyị dị afọ iri atọ na ise [[Safiya Hussaini]], onye a mara ikpe ọnwụ site na ịtụ ya nkume mgbe a mara ya ikpe ịkwa iko. Minista ikpe nke Naịjirịa kwupụtara na Sharia megidere iwu. Otú dị, Attahiru Bafarawa kwuru na steeti Sharia agaghị agbaso nkwupụta a. {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bafarawa, Attahiru}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] khosguthv57hibdr92o67dtdpxodzda 0 34495 729901 727511 2026-10-01T21:01:38Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 729901 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|website={{URL|camilladerrico.com}}|image=10.10.10Camillad'ErricoByLuigiNovi2.jpg|name=Camilla d'Errico|occupation=onye na-ese ihe osise n'akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị onye na-ede ihe osise onye na-eme ihe osise.|nationality=Canadian}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] Camilla d'Errico bụ onye na-ese ihe osise n'akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị, onye na-ede ihe osise na onye na-eme ihe osise. == Ọrụ == === Ihe na-atọ ọchị === Camilla d'Errico anọwo na-ese akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị kemgbe afọ 2001, mgbe ọ na-enweta diplọma ya nke Illustration and Design na Capilano College na North Vancouver. Ọrụ mbụ ya na-atọ ọchị bụ na Committed Comics nke Seattle na New York, maka usoro Threads. Mgbe ahụ, ọ malitere ọrụ dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ maka obere usoro ''Zevon-7'' nke nwere akụkụ anọ. Mgbe onye okike ''Zevon-7'' Quenton Shaw malitere QEW Publishing na 2004, a gbakwunyere usoro manga nke onye okike Camilla, Burn, na ntọala ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ma mechaa bipụta ya na Arcana Studios na Mee 2008. <ref>Tramountanas, George A. (May 22, 2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110517201851/http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=16520 "Camilla d'Errico Feels the 'Burn'"]. [[CBR.com]].</ref> N'afọ 2006, a gwara ya ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ maka onye na-agụ egwu Avril Lavigne . Ya na Joshua Dysart, d'Errico jikọrọ aka mepụta akwụkwọ akụkọ eserese abụọ, nke akpọrọ Make 5 Wishes, nke Del Rey Manga na Random House bipụtara na 2007 na North America na Tokyopop na Eshia. 'afọ 2007, d'Errico ghọrọ onye na-ese ihe maka usoro Serena Valentino, Nightmares & Fairy Tales, nke Slave Labor Graphics bipụtara, site na mbipụta 19 ruo mbipụta 23. [1] Image Comics bipụtara obere ihe nkiri ise na akwụkwọ akụkọ eserese nke d'Errico sere. Obere usoro bụ akụkọ sitere na egwuregwu vidio Sky Pirates of Neo Terra, nke dabeere na ọrụ nka d'Errico. <ref>{{Cite web|first=Leonard|author=Pierce|url=http://www.avclub.com/articles/grant-morrison,30678/|title=Interview Grant Morrison|publisher=[[The A.V. Club]]|date=July 22, 2009|accessdate=September 29, 2011|quote=Then there's ''The New Bible'', the final title for the project I'm doing with Camilla D'Errico.|archive-date=August 5, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805084919/http://www.avclub.com/articles/grant-morrison,30678/|url-status=dead}}</ref> na-eme atụmatụ na ya na onye edemede, Grant Morrison ga-arụ ọrụ na ọrụ ha bụ The New Bible (nke a na-akpọbu Warcop <ref>{{Cite web|first=Scott|author=Thill|url=https://www.wired.com/underwire/2009/03/mid-life-crisis/|title=Grant Morrison Talks Brainy Comics, Sexy Apocalypse|publisher=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|date=March 19, 2009|accessdate=September 29, 2011|quote=There's this big comic idea I've been working on for the last few years—briefly called ''Warcop'', and now known as ''The New Bible''}}</ref>). === Ihe osise === Ọrụ Camilla d'Errico dị ka onye na-ese ihe malitere na 2006, mgbe ọ sonyere na ngosi na Vancouver's Ayden Gallery na Gastown. Kemgbe mmalite afọ 2007, d'Errico malitere igosi ọrụ ya na gallery gafee US na Canada, na Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco, Chicago na Vancouver n'ihe a maara dị ka Lowbrow (mgbasa nka) . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.printmag.com/design-inspiration/camilla-derrico-inspiration-pop-surrealism-inappropriate-images/|title=Camilla d'Errico on Inspiration, Pop Surrealism, and "Inappropriate" Images|date=2012-08-03|work=Print Magazine|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-03}}</ref> bụ otu n'ime ndị inyom na-ese ihe gụnyere Audrey Kawasaki, na Amy Sol bụ ndị na-ese ụmụ agbọghọ mara mma na ngalaba Pop Surrealism. === Ọrụ azụmahịa === N'otu oge na ihe ọchị na manga, d'Errico emeela ihe osise na ọrụ imewe maka The Walt Disney Company, Ride Snowboards, Hasbro Toys, Wizkids, Microsoft Zune maka Zune Hut na Whistler's Telus World Ski & Snowboard Championship, OSO Design House na Ginch Gonch. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dorothycircusgallery.it/camilla-derrico/|title=Camilla d'Errico|date=2017-04-18|work=Dorothy Circus Gallery|language=en-GB|accessdate=2020-02-03|archivedate=2020-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203213424/https://www.dorothycircusgallery.it/camilla-derrico/}}</ref> Dark Horse Comics enyela ikikere nka ya maka Journal na Stationery Set, Punchbrand ejirila ya mee ihe dị ka onye na-ese ihe ha maka usoro ndị na-ese ha Crazyhats na Panda Hoodies. A na-enye ọrụ ya ikikere na ngwaahịa dị iche iche, gụnyere akara akpa aka na ngwa, akwụkwọ ozi, uwe, kọmputa na ekwentị 'akpụkpọ ahụ', cushions, jigsaw puzzles, postcard set na sketchbooks. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ziacomics.com/tntm-artist-camilla-derrico-interview/|title=TNTM Artist Camilla dErrico interview|date=2016-06-24|work=Zia Comics|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-03|archivedate=2020-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203213423/http://ziacomics.com/tntm-artist-camilla-derrico-interview/}}</ref> nwere nchịkọta nke tshirts na Hot Topic na mgbakwunye na imepụta uwe nke ya. Na June 2009, Neverwear.net wepụtara mbipụta jikọrọ aka nke d'Errico na Neil Gaiman dabere na akụkọ mkpirikpi Gaiman, How to Talk to Girls at Parties . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.darkhorse.com/Books/16-033/MySpace-Dark-Horse-Presents-Volume-3-TPB|title=MySpace Dark Horse Presents Volume 3 TPB: Profile: Dark Horse Comics|work=[[Dark Horse Comics]]|accessdate=2020-02-03}}</ref>'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2009, Dark Horse wepụtara azụmahịa ya a ma ama, MySpace Dark Horse Presents Mpịakọta nke 3, nke nwere obere webcomic Vampy Cat Play Friend yana ihe osise ọhụrụ nke d'Errico. === Ihe eji egwuri egwu === D'Errico arụwo ọrụ na ihe eji egwuri egwu vinyl, ebe ọ bụ na ọ haziri ihe ndị na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla maka Ad Funture, Osaka Popstar, DCTO Jibun Project, Mindstyle & Disney's Stitch Experiment na Hasbro's Mighty Mugg maka usoro "The Empire Muggs Back" nke Lucasfilm. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị omenkà ahọpụtara iji hazie ma mepụta ihe eji egwuri egwu maka usoro ihe eji egwupụta vinyl nke mbụ nke Canada a na-akpọ Bax Bear . D'Errico ewepụtakwala ihe eji egwuri egwu nke ya, ihe eji egwupụta nke dabeere na agwa ekwensu, "Kuro" site na usoro ya, ''Tanpopo'' . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.camilladerrico.com/toys/show/Kuro%20Plush|title=Kuro Plush at camilladerrico.com|accessdate=2010-10-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101018222033/http://camilladerrico.com/toys/show/Kuro%20Plush|archivedate=2010-10-18}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wordpress-305716-980974.cloudwaysapps.com/2011/06/reveal-camilla-derricos-kuro-gid.html|title=Reveal: Camilla d’Errico’s Kuro GID – Vinyl Pulse|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-03|archivedate=2020-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203213426/https://wordpress-305716-980974.cloudwaysapps.com/2011/06/reveal-camilla-derricos-kuro-gid.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://camilladerrico.com/tag/vinyl/|title=vinyl {{!}} Camilla d'Errico|language=en-US|accessdate=2020-02-03|archivedate=2020-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203213424/https://camilladerrico.com/tag/vinyl/}}</ref>'afọ 2011, a tọhapụrụ usoro vinyl na resin collectibles na San Diego Comic Con. === Usoro na ihe ndị e ji rụọ === D'Errico na-eji ihe osise Holbein Aqua Duo, nke bụ ihe osise mmanụ na-agbaze na mmiri. Ọ na-eji ihe ndị a na ogwe osisi maka ụcha ya, na acrylics na inking pensụl mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ákwà. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, D'Errico ga-eji aka ya see otu, wee tee ya na kọmputa ya. == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:d'Errico, Camilla}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] bee0b773np41t4zvapnburcjk48l897 0 34513 729900 725645 2026-10-01T21:00:13Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 added {{DEFAULTSORT}} 729900 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Rebecca Cokley|image=Cokley Headshot.jpg|alt=A woman with red hair and freckles standing against a red brick wall|birth_name=Rebecca Hare|birth_date={{birth date and age|1978|12|4}}|birth_place=[[California]], U.S.|death_date=|death_place=|spouse={{marriage|Patrick Cokley|2008}}|children=2|relatives=[[James Hare (judge)|James Hare]] (grandfather)|education=[[University of California, Santa Cruz]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])}} [[Category:Articles with hCards]] '''Rebecca A. Hare Cokley''' bụ onye (amụrụ na mkpụrụ ụbọchị anọ na onwa Disemba n' afọ otu puku, narị itoolu na iri asaa na asatọ ) bụ onye Amerika na-ahụ maka ikike ndị nwere nkwarụ na ọkà okwu ihu ọha bụ onye mbụ US Disability Rights Program Officer maka Ford Foundation. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Rebecca Cokley|url=https://www.fordfoundation.org/about/people/rebecca-cokley/|accessdate=2021-09-28|work=Ford Foundation|language=en}}</ref> Tupu <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.americanprogress.org/about/staff/cokley-rebecca/bio/|title=Rebecca Cokley Archives - Center for American Progress|work=Center for American Progress|language=en-US|accessdate=2017-09-22}}</ref> banye Ford, Cokley bụ onye guzobere Disability Justice Initiative na Center for American Progress. [1] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncd.gov/newsroom/2013/041613|title=NCD Welcomes Rebecca Cokley as Executive Director {{!}} NCD.gov|work=www.ncd.gov|date=12 March 2015|language=en|accessdate=2017-09-22|archivedate=2017-05-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510071203/http://www.ncd.gov/newsroom/2013/041613}}</ref>'oge Ọchịchị Obama, Cokley jere ozi dị ka onye isi nchịkwa nke National Council on Disability. [1] == Mbido ndụ na nkwado == <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-30|title=Disabled mothers-to-be face indignity: 'Do you have a man? Can you have sex?'|url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-09-30/how-modern-medicine-neglects-disabled-mothers|accessdate=2021-10-23|work=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref> A mụrụ Rebecca A. Hare Cokley na Disemba 4, n' afọ otu puku, narị itoolu na na iri asaa na asatọ, na obodo Kalifornia, Cokley tolitere na San Francisco Bay Area. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Travis|first=Amber|title=A Mom with a Disability Advocates for Others|url=http://www.easterseals.com/explore-resources/living-with-disability/a-mom-with-a-disability-advocates-for-others.html|work=Easterseals|accessdate=18 March 2017|archivedate=19 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170319112917/http://www.easterseals.com/explore-resources/living-with-disability/a-mom-with-a-disability-advocates-for-others.html}}</ref> Amụnyere ya na ọrịa achondroplasia, bụ ọrịa na-akpata ịsụ nkpu nkpu. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.udprogram.com/my-family-cokley/|title=My Family Cokley|work=UNDERSTANDING DWARFISM|language=en-US|accessdate=2017-09-22}}</ref> A mụrụ nne na nna Cokley n'otu ụdị ọrịa ụsụụ mkpu mkpu ma zute na ọgbakọ Little People of America na afọ ndị òtù puku, narị itoolu na iri asaa. <ref>{{Cite web|title=OBIT|url=https://scholar.lib.vt.edu/VA-news/ROA-Times/issues/1996/rt9605/960515/05150097.htm|accessdate=2022-10-17|work=scholar.lib.vt.edu}}</ref> Ọ bụ nwa nwa nke Judge James A. Hare Jr, na Katherine Terrell Hare. <ref name="ourstory">{{Cite web|title=About Rebecca Hare Cokley|url=https://sites.google.com/a/pinedafoundation.org/ios/transcribe-videos-now/transcribe-rebecca/about-rebecca-hare-cokley|work=IT'S OUR STORY Answers from America's Disability Activists|accessdate=18 March 2017|archivedate=19 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170319113641/https://sites.google.com/a/pinedafoundation.org/ios/transcribe-videos-now/transcribe-rebecca/about-rebecca-hare-cokley}}</ref> nwetara nzere bachelọ na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Mahadum California, Santa Cruz (UCSC) n'afọ 2001. Cokley malitere ọrụ <ref name="dvp">{{Cite web|title=People We Love: Rebecca Cokley|url=https://disabilityvisibilityproject.com/2014/08/03/people-we-love-rebecca-cokley-washington-dc/|work=Disability Visibility Project|date=3 August 2014|accessdate=18 March 2017}}</ref> na Institute for Educational Leadership ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ afọ ise na-ewu ngwá ọrụ na ihe onwunwe iji nye ndị ntorobịa nwere nkwarụ na ndị enyi ha toro eto ike. Cokley sonyere <ref name="ndla">{{Cite web|title=Organizer's Forum: Tuesday, March 15th – Topic: Women, Gender and the Disability Rights Movement|url=http://www.disabilityleadership.org/organizers-forum/calls/women-gender-and-disability-march-15-2016/|work=National Disability Leadership Alliance|accessdate=18 March 2017}}</ref> Education Policy Fellowship Program na afọ puku abụọ na isii. [1] == N' oge Ọchịchị Obama == Site na afọ puku abụọ na itoolu ruo n' afọ puku abụọ na iri na atọ, Cokley jere ozi dị ka onye a họpụtara na ọchịchị nke Onye isi ala bụ [[Barack Obama]]. Enyi <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2017/12/20/opinions/what-its-like-to-be-me-disability-rebecca-cokley-opinion/index.html|title=Together we make a family|author=Cokley|first=Rebecca|work=CNN|accessdate=2018-04-05}}</ref> na onye nduzi ya, bụ Paul Steven Miller, onye bụbu onye kọmishọna Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) kpọrọ ya ka ọ sonye n'ọchịchị Obama. Na mbụ, Cokley rụrụ ọrụ na Ngalaba Mmụta dị ka onye enyemaka ntụkwasị obi nye osote odeakwụkwọ na Ọfịs nke Mmụta Pụrụ Iche na Ọrụ Nweghachi. N' oge ahụ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi nke Priority Placement for Public Engagement na Presidential Personnel Office na White House ebe ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka ịgakwuru ndị dị iche iche na ndị na-erughị eru iji nweta ndị ọkachamara na nchịkwa. Nhọpụta ikpeazụ n'ọchịchị Obama bụ dị ka onye enyemaka pụrụ iche nye onye isi oche na Nchịkwa Maka Ndụ Obodo na Ngalaba Ahụike na Ọrụ Mmadụ nke US. <ref>{{Cite news|title=D.C. appointments for the week of April 29|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/dc-appointments-for-the-week-of-april-29/2013/04/26/ef9d6e70-ad11-11e2-a8b9-2a63d75b5459_story.html|accessdate=19 March 2017|work=Washington Post|date=28 April 2013}}</ref>N'abalị iri na isii n'ọnwa Eprel nke afọ puku abụọ na iri na atọ, ọ ghọrọ onye isi nchịkwa nke National Council on Disability site na nhọpụta nke Onye isi oche NCD Jeff Rosen. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ncd.gov/sites/default/files/NCD_Mental_Health_Report_508_0.pdf|title=Mental Health on College Campuses|accessdate=2023-11-26|archivedate=2023-10-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231028203219/https://ncd.gov/sites/default/files/NCD_Mental_Health_Report_508_0.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/05/misunderstanding-disability-leads-to-police-violence/361786/|title=How Misunderstanding Disability Leads to Police Violence|author=Carter-Long|first=David M. Perry and Lawrence|work=The Atlantic|accessdate=2018-04-05|language=en-US}}</ref> Maka okpuru ọrụ ya, NCD lekwasịrị anya na isi okwu gbasara ikike obodo gụnyere ime ihe ike ndị uwe ojii, [1] ọrụ ahụike uche maka ụmụ akwụkwọ na agụmakwụkwọ nke post-sekọndrị , [2] na ịdọ aka ná ntị na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ yana njirimara nke ụmụ akwụkwọ na-acha uhie uhie nwere nkwarụ na agụmakwụkwọ. == Center for American Progress == <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title='Disability Rights Are Civil Rights': Inside the CAP's New Disability Justice Initiative|url=https://psmag.com/social-justice/inside-caps-new-disability-justice-initiative|author=Perry|first=David M.|work=Pacific Standard|date=14 August 2018|language=en|accessdate=2020-05-17}}</ref>' N' ọnwa Julaị nke afọ puku abụọ na iri na asatọ , Cokley sonyeere  na Center for American Progress (CAP), bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-echepụta echiche nke ọma, onye nduzi mbụ nke Disability Justice Initiative nke nzukọ ahụ. <ref name=":0" /> Tammy Duckworth, onye nwekwara nkwarụ, bụ ọkà okwu a ma ama na mmemme mmeghe ahụ. Mgbe <ref>{{Cite web|author=Cokley|first=Rebecca|date=2019-09-19|title=Trump's Labor Secretary Nominee Delights in Destroying Rights for Disabled Workers|url=https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/disability/news/2019/09/19/474806/trumps-labor-secretary-nominee-delights-destroying-rights-disabled-workers/|accessdate=2021-10-23|work=Center for American Progress|language=en-US}}</ref> nọ na CAP, Cokley katọrọ Eugene Scalia, onye [[Donald Trump]] họpụtara ka ọ bụrụ Odeakwụkwọ nke Ọrụ, maka ndekọ ya gbasara nchekwa na ikike ndị ọrụ nwere nkwarụ. 'oge ntuli aka onye isi ala nke Democratic nke afọ 2020, Cokley gakwuuru mkpọsa Elizabeth Warren na iwu nkwarụ. == Onyinye na nnabata == <ref>{{Cite web|title=Rebecca Cokley, National Council on Disability|url=https://www.pyd.org/blog/national-center/ndmc/rebecca-cokley-disability-mentoring-hall-fame-2015/|work=Partners for Youth with Disabilities|date=October 2015|accessdate=18 March 2017|archivedate=19 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170319113009/https://www.pyd.org/blog/national-center/ndmc/rebecca-cokley-disability-mentoring-hall-fame-2015/}}</ref>' N' afọ puku abụọ na iri na ise , iji mee emume ncheta afọ iri abụọ na ise nke Iwu Ndị America Nwere nke ndị Nkwarụ, akpọrọ ihe National Disability Mentoring Coalition kpọbatara Cokley n'ime otu nzukọ Susan M. Daniels Disability Menttering Hall of Fame. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Wrap Up: NCIL 2015 Annual Conference on Independent Living|url=http://www.advocacymonitor.com/wrap-up-ncil-2015-annual-conference-on-independent-living/|work=the advocacy monitor|accessdate=18 March 2017|date=14 August 2015|archivedate=19 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170319113210/http://www.advocacymonitor.com/wrap-up-ncil-2015-annual-conference-on-independent-living/}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa onye natara Frank Harkin Memorial Award site na National Council on Independent Living. [1] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brandeis.edu/now/2019/august/rebecca-cokley-richman.html|title=Rebecca Cokley named 2020 Richman Fellow|work=BrandeisNOW|language=en|accessdate=2019-08-30}}</ref> Akpọrọ Cokley 2020 Richman Distinguished Fellow na Public Life site na Mahadum Brandeis. [1] <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-20|title=Disability Expert, Rebecca Cokley, to Headline University of Phoenix Webinar|url=https://www.diverseeducation.com/latest-news/article/15280261/disability-expert-rebecca-cokley-to-headline-university-of-phoenix-webinar|accessdate=2021-10-21|work=Diverse: Issues In Higher Education|language=en-us}}</ref>' N' afọ puku abụọ na iri abụọ na otu, Mahadum Arizona kpọrọ ya ka ọ kwado nkuzi ihe gbasara ikike ndị nwere nkwarụ. Cokley ajụọla <ref name="ourstory"/> ọ bụ nye akaebe ọkachamara na National Council on Independent Living, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, World Bank, Social Security Administration's Ticket to Work Advisory panel, President's Task Force on Employment of Adults with Disability, na kọmitii maka U.S. Department of Labor's Workforce Investment Act Reauthorization. Akwụkwọ a <ref name="ourstory"/> gụnyere "Youth Development and Youth Leadership: A Background Paper" site na National Collaborative on Workforce and Disability for Youth, isiokwu gbasara itinye aka na obodo maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Impact, "the 411 on Disability Disclosure," "Paving the Way to Work: A Guide to Career-Focused Mentoring, na usoro iwu dị iche iche maka National Youth Leadership Network. == Ebemsidee == {{Reflist}}{{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cokley, Rebecca}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] nkkuo5orjpys0h5hn9e7yl2eymueveh 0 34530 729870 621634 2026-10-01T16:40:08Z Mbah Victor Chukwuemerie 16687 Added {{DATABOX}} 729870 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Davis Mac-Iyalla''' (amụrụ n'afọ 1972 na Port Harcourt) bụ onye Naijiria na-ahụ maka Ikike LGBT. O guzobere ngalaba Naijiria nke nzukọ British Changing Attitude, nke na-agbasi mbọ ike maka mgbanwe n'ime Anglican Communion maka itinye ndị Anglican na-erughị eru. The son of a wealthy Nigerian Army Colonel,<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://akinolarepent.wordpress.com/2008/07/29/uk-grants-asylum-to-davis-mac-iyalla-now-the-rest-of-the-story/|title=UK Grants Asylum to Davis Mac-Iyalla; Now the Rest of the Story|date=2008-07-29|work=Akinola, Repudiate Anti-Gay Violence|accessdate=2018-11-28|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://akinolarepent.wordpress.com/2008/07/29/uk-grants-asylum-to-davis-mac-iyalla-now-the-rest-of-the-story/ "UK Grants Asylum to Davis Mac-Iyalla; Now the Rest of the Story"]. ''Akinola, Repudiate Anti-Gay Violence''. 2008-07-29. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181129013213/https://akinolarepent.wordpress.com/2008/07/29/uk-grants-asylum-to-davis-mac-iyalla-now-the-rest-of-the-story/ Archived] from the original on 2018-11-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-11-28</span></span>.</cite></ref> mana enweghị mmasị ọ na-enwe n’ebe ụmụ nwanyị nọ emeghị ka ọ pụta ìhè nye ndị ọzọ gbara ya gburugburu ruo mgbe ihe omume abụọ gasịrị: nchichi nke Gene Robinson dị ka bishọp nke New Hampshire na ngalaba Episcopalian, na ọnwụ nke onye ndụmọdụ ya, Bishọp Iyobee Ugede nke Otukpo.  A chụrụ ya na Julaị afọ 2003 n'ọrụ ya dị ka onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụaka Anglican dị n'ógbè ahụ;  Mgbe ihe omume a gasịrị, nke o kwenyere na ọ bụ n'ihi na ọ bụ nwoke nwere mmasị nwoke, ọ ghọrọ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị wee malite ịrụ ọrụ na Na-agbanwe Àgwà. Ọ na-eche mmegide siri ike ihu site n'aka ma ndị isi okpukpe na ndị na-akwado ha na Naịjirịa, nke bụ mba na-agbasochi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị anya. Chọọchị ewepụtala akwụkwọ mkpesa megide Mac-Iyalla na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ha. Otú ọ dị, Mac-Iyalla ezutewo onye primate nke Ụka Naijiria, Peter Akinola, bụ onye a kacha mara amara maka iduzi otu n'ime akụkụ nke udo zuru ụwa ọnụ megide omume nnabata megide LGBT Anglican site n'aka ndị ụka Anglịkan Britain na U.S. Episcopal. Mac-Iyalla agaala mba ndị ọzọ obodo ndị Anglican na njem ikwu okwu. Onye ọka iwu <ref name=":0"/>-ahụ maka mbata na ọfịs nke Episcopal Migration Ministries na New York dụrụ Davis ọdụ ka ọ chọọ ebe mgbaba na US, mana o kpebiri ịghara ịga n'ihu na nkwupụta ahụ. E nyela ya ọnọdụ onye gbara ọsọ ndụ na United Kingdom, ebe ọ bi ugbu a. Ndị Anglịkan Naijiria boro ebubo dị ka onye aghụghọ nke mepụtara akụkọ ndụ ya, ọkachasị Canon Akintunde Popoola, mana Mac-Iyalla biputere foto nke oge ya dị ka knight nke ụka n'oge ọ bụ nwata na Weebụ. == Hụkwa == * Ikike LGBT na Naịjirịa == Edensibia == <references /> == Hụkwa == * [[Bisi Alimi]] - nwoke Naijiria na onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ nke gbagara [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] site na ime ihe ike na Naijiria mgbe ọ pụtara na telivishọn mba. == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://davis35.wordpress.com/ Mgbanwe Àgwà Naịjirịa] {{Human rights in Nigeria}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mac-Iyalla, Davis}} [[Òtù:Ndị si Port Harcourt]] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 5x5amno336k250tpujmydawhq70yq5q 0 36096 729891 705018 2026-10-01T20:49:21Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} OutDaughtered bụ usoro ihe omume [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|Onye America]] na TLC nke Adam na Danielle Busby, ndị nne na nna nke naanị ụmụ agbọghọ ise nke America na ndekọ. Usoro a malitere na Mee 10, 2016 <ref>{{Cite web|title=OutDaughtered, Season 1 on iTunes|url=https://itunes.apple.com/ca/tv-season/outdaughtered-season-1/id1107029474|work=[[iTunes]]|date=May 10, 2016|accessdate=January 18, 2017|language=en}}</ref> wee malite oge nke asatọ ya na Febụwarị 23, 2021. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Behrens|first=Danielle|date=February 23, 2021|title='OutDaughtered' Season 8 Premiere Tonight: What to Expect|url=https://www.tvshowsace.com/2021/02/23/outdaughtered-season-8-premiere/|accessdate=March 13, 2021|work=Tv Shows Ace|language=en}}</ref> == Nkọwa == Ezinụlọ Busby nwere Adam na Danielle Busby, ndị lụrụ di na nwunye kemgbe afọ 2006; nwa nwanyị nke okenye bụ Blayke Louise; na ụmụ ise bụ Ava Lane, Olivia Marie, Hazel Grace, Riley Paige, na Parker Kate. Adam <ref name="Infertility Journey">{{Cite web|title=Infertility Journey|url=http://itsabuzzworld.com/the-pregnancy/infertility-journey/|accessdate=September 16, 2017|work=It's a Buzz World|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170916225446/http://itsabuzzworld.com/the-pregnancy/infertility-journey/|archive-date=September 16, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> Danielle lụsoro enweghị ike ịmụ nwa ọgụ, n'ikpeazụ ha tụụrụ ime ugboro abụọ ahụ site na Insemination intrauterine. Danielle mụrụ ụmụ ise site <ref name="News">{{Cite web|title=First-Ever All-Girl Quintuplets Now All Home|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Lifestyle/girl-busby-quintuplets-joins-sisters-home/story?id=32273837|work=[[ABC News]]|date=July 7, 2015|accessdate=September 16, 2017}}</ref> ngalaba Caesarean izu 28 n'ime ime ahụ. <ref name="abcnews.go.com">{{Cite web|date=July 7, 2015|title=First All-Girl Quintuplets Ever Born in US Start to Head Home|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Lifestyle/girl-quintuplets-born-us-start-head-home/story?id=31671499|accessdate=September 16, 2017|work=[[ABC News]]}}</ref>'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe amuchara, a chọpụtara ntamu obi n'ime ụmụ agbọghọ ise ahụ; a gwọrọ nke a na ọgwụ. Ndị ise ahụ nọrọ izu asatọ ruo iri <ref>{{Cite web|title=Time Standing Still|url=http://itsabuzzworld.com/2015/05/28/time-standing-still/|work=It's a Buzz World|accessdate=July 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731102914/http://itsabuzzworld.com/2015/05/28/time-standing-still/|archive-date=July 31, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> abụọ mbụ nke ndụ ha na ngalaba nlekọta siri ike nke ụmụ ọhụrụ na Ụlọ Ọgwụ Ụmụ nwanyị nke Texas, <ref name="News" /> tupu a tọhapụ ha ka ha laa n'ụlọ n'etiti June na July 2015. <ref>{{Cite web|title='OutDaughtered' Mom: 'It Sucks' That One Quintuplet Still Isn't Walking|url=http://www.usmagazine.com/entertainment/news/outdaughtered-mom-worried-that-one-quintuplet-isnt-walking-w455686|accessdate=September 11, 2017|work=[[Us Weekly]]|date=December 13, 2016}}</ref> anya Hazel, nystagmus, e dekọrọ site na usoro ahụ. Ọnọdụ ahụ <ref>{{Cite web|date=July 23, 2017|title='Outdaughtered': Why Does Hazel Wear Glasses, And What's Causing Her Eye Condition?|url=https://www.inquisitr.com/4385247/outdaughtered-why-does-hazel-wear-glasses-and-whats-causing-her-eye-condition/|accessdate=September 11, 2017|work=[[The Inquisitr]]|language=en-US}}</ref>-eme ka Hazel nwee mmegharị anya na-enweghị nchịkwa ma jide isi ya n'akụkụ pụrụ iche iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka enweghị ọhụụ doro anya. <ref>{{Cite web|date=July 23, 2017|title=What Is Wrong With Hazel on 'OutDaughtered'? Find Out!|url=http://www.intouchweekly.com/posts/what-is-wrong-with-hazel-on-outdaughtered-137246|accessdate=September 11, 2017|work=[[In Touch Weekly]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=tlc uk|date=January 19, 2017|title=1 Year Old Goes for Major Eye Surgery {{!}} Outdaughtered {{!}} S2 Episode 3|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ddxfPf2oEas|accessdate=September 11, 2017|work=[[YouTube]]}}</ref>'afọ 2016, a wara Hazel ahụ anya na mgbalị imeziwanye ọnọdụ ya. N'afọ 2017, a chọpụtara na Hazel nwere astigmatism n'anya aka ekpe ya, nke nwere ike ịbụ ihe kpatara ya mgbe ụfọdụ na-agbanye n'ihi na ọ naghị emepe emepe. <ref>{{Cite web|author=tlc uk|date=August 4, 2017|title=Does Hazel Need Eye Surgery? {{!}} NEW Outdaughtered|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_tZySlA1ck0|accessdate=September 11, 2017|work=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> nyere ya iko iji nyere aka na anya aka ekpe ya na olileanya na ọhụụ ya ga-aka mma ka anya ya na-etolite. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Danielle Busby Urges Husband to Seek Postpartum Treatment for the Sake of Their Marriage|url=http://people.com/tv/outdaughtered-danielle-busby-urges-adam-seek-help-postpartum-depression/|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=August 1, 2017|accessdate=September 11, 2017|language=en-US}}</ref> ekwuputala, ma na nzuzo ma n'ihu ọha, banyere ọgụ ya na ịda mbà n'obi mgbe ọ mụsịrị nwa. == Ihe omume == === Nchịkọta usoro === {{Series overview|color1=#FF5F5F|link1=<includeonly>List of OutDaughtered episodes</includeonly>#Season 1 (2016)|episodes1=4|start1={{Start date|2016|05|10}}|end1={{End date|2016|05|31}}|color2=#2E2EFE|link2=<includeonly>List of OutDaughtered episodes</includeonly>#Season 2 (2016–17)|episodes2=10|start2={{Start date|2016|11|15}}|end2={{End date|2017|1|17}}|color3=#FF69B4|link3=<includeonly>List of OutDaughtered episodes</includeonly>#Season 3 (2017)|episodes3=10|start3={{Start date|2017|7|11}}|end3={{End date|2017|9|12}}|color4=#69359C|link4=<includeonly>List of OutDaughtered episodes</includeonly>#Season 4 (2018)|episodes4=13|start4={{Start date|2018|7|10}}|end4={{End date|2018|10|2}}|color5=#FBB917|link5=<includeonly>List of OutDaughtered episodes</includeonly>#Season 5 (2019)|episodes5=8|start5={{Start date|2019|6|11}}|end5={{End date|2019|7|30}}|color6=#73B504|link6=<includeonly>List of Outdaughtered episodes</includeonly>#Season 6 (2019)|episodes6=5|start6={{Start date|2019|10|1}}|end6={{End date|2019|10|29}}|color7=#11BBEE|link7=<includeonly>List of Outdaughtered episodes</includeonly>#Season 7 (2020)|episodes7=4|start7={{Start date|2020|6|2}}|end7={{End date|2020|6|30}}|color8=#771144|link8=<includeonly>List of Outdaughtered episodes</includeonly>#Season 8 (2021)|episodes8=11|start8={{Start date|2021|2|23}}|end8={{End date|2021|5|4}}|color9=#E1BAB1|link9=<includeonly>List of Outdaughtered episodes</includeonly>#Season 9 (2023)|episodes9=8|start9={{Start date|2023|7|11}}|end9={{End date|2023|8|29}}}} === Oge 1 (2016) === {{Episode table|background=#FF5F5F|overall=5|season=5|title=40|airdate=20|country=US|viewers=10|episodes={{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 1 |EpisodeNumber2 = 1 |Title = Make Room for Quints |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2016|5|10}} |Viewers = 1.249<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 5.10.2016|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-11-15-2016.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117063219/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-11-15-2016.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 17, 2016|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=May 11, 2016|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=April 3, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403174804/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-11-15-2016.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Adam and Danielle Busby give birth to the first set of all girl quintuplets in the U.S., and have their lives turned upside down. |LineColor = FF5F5F }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 2 |EpisodeNumber2 = 2 |Title = Chaos with Quints |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2016|5|17}} |Viewers = 1.067<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 5.17.2016|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-5-17-2016.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160521092314/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-5-17-2016.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 21, 2016|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=May 18, 2016|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=June 13, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613234150/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-5-17-2016.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Adam and Danielle struggle to keep up with the quintuplets' demands while also making time for 4-year-old Blayke; a baby photo shoot turns into pure chaos when Grandma Mimi shows up late. |LineColor = FF5F5F }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 3 |EpisodeNumber2 = 3 |Title = Quintuple Trouble |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2016|5|24}} |Viewers = 0.849<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 5.24.2016|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-5-24-2016.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528001538/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-5-24-2016.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 28, 2016|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=May 25, 2016|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=May 28, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528001538/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-5-24-2016.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Adam returns to work, leaving Danielle to care for the quintuplets and Blayke by herself; Hazel gets a fever, leaving the family scrambling and Danielle feeling overwhelmed. |LineColor = FF5F5F }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 4 |EpisodeNumber2 = 4 |Title = Should We Stay or Should We Go? |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2016|5|31}} |Viewers = 1.246<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 5.31.2016|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-5-31-2016.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605025749/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-5-31-2016.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 5, 2016|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=June 2, 2016|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=August 16, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816062927/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-5-31-2016.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Adam and Danielle realize they need a larger home, but house hunting proves stressful when they factor in the cost; the family heads back to their hometown, and Danielle has an idea that could solve their problems. |LineColor = FF5F5F }}}} === Oge nke Abụọ (2016-17) === {{Episode table|background=#2E2EFE|overall=5|season=5|title=40|airdate=20|country=US|viewers=10|episodes={{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 5 |EpisodeNumber2 = 1 |Title = Catching Up with the Quints |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2016|11|15}} |Viewers = 1.075<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 11.15.2016|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-11-15-2016.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117063219/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-11-15-2016.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 17, 2016|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=November 16, 2016|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=April 3, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403174804/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-11-15-2016.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Adam and Danielle have their hands full chasing after their 15-month-old quintuplets. |LineColor = 2E2EFE }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 6 |EpisodeNumber2 = 2 |Title = All Eyes on Hazel |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2016|11|22}} |Viewers = 1.012<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 11.22.2016|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-11-22-2016.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161124055150/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-11-22-2016.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 24, 2016|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=November 23, 2016|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=November 24, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161124055150/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-11-22-2016.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = The Busbys take a road trip to Lake Charles to help Mimi with her garage sale, and Danielle learns some shocking news; Danielle and Adam wrestle with the decision to allow Hazel to have a risky eye surgery. |LineColor = 2E2EFE }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 7 |EpisodeNumber2 = 3 |Title = A Quint in Crisis |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2016|11|29}} |Viewers = 1.107<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 11.29.2016|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-11-29-2016.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201080625/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-11-29-2016.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 1, 2016|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=November 30, 2016|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=December 1, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201080625/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-11-29-2016.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Hazel undergoes eye surgery, causing Adam and Danielle to wait anxiously for the results; Blayke prepares for kindergarten and Mimi officially moves in. |LineColor = 2E2EFE }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 8 |EpisodeNumber2 = 4 |Title = Quint-fluenza |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2016|12|6}} |Viewers = 0.933<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 12.6.2016|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-12-6-2016.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161207224813/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-12-6-2016.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 7, 2016|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=December 7, 2016|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=December 7, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161207224813/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-12-6-2016.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = When Danielle catches the flu, Mimi struggles to take care of five babies on her own; Adam plans a 10-year anniversary surprise for Danielle, and when Danielle gives a speech for the hospital, she faces her painful past of having premature babies. |LineColor = 2E2EFE }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 9 |EpisodeNumber2 = 5 |Title = This Little Quint Stays Home |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2016|12|13}} |Viewers = 1.023<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 12.13.2016|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-12-13-2016.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215043130/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-12-13-2016.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 15, 2016|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=December 14, 2016|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=December 15, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215043130/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-12-13-2016.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Danielle and Adam think about sending the quints to nursery school, but when one of them isn't allowed to go, the Busbys face the difficult decision of splitting up the girls; living under the Busby roof has begun to take a toll on Mimi. |LineColor = 2E2EFE }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 10 |EpisodeNumber2 = 6 |Title = 5 Babies on a Budget |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2016|12|20}} |Viewers = 1.114<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 12.20.2016|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-12-20-2016.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222021904/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-12-20-2016.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 22, 2016|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=December 21, 2016|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=December 22, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222021904/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-12-20-2016.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = After Danielle confronts Adam about his money spending ways, they realize they need to make some tough choices to provide for their girls; the family puts more effort into Hazel's walking so she can join her sisters in pre-school. |LineColor = 2E2EFE }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 11 |EpisodeNumber2 = 7 |Title = A Nightmare on Quint Street |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2016|12|27}} |Viewers = 1.165<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 12.27.2016|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-12-27-2016.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161229154932/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-12-27-2016.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 29, 2016|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=December 29, 2016|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=December 29, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161229154932/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-12-27-2016.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = The Busbys look forward to the Quints' first trick-or-treat outing, but first, they must race to find costumes, shop for pumpkins and get the new house ready for a Halloween party. |LineColor = 2E2EFE }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 12 |EpisodeNumber2 = 8 |Title = Quint-cation Chaos |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|1|3}} |Viewers = 1.166<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.3.2017|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-1-3-2017.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170105233120/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-1-3-2017.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 5, 2017|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=January 5, 2017|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=January 5, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170105233120/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-1-3-2017.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = With the quints hitting the "terrible twos," the Busbys are busier than ever; Danielle plans a romantic Valentine's Day dinner for Adam, but things don't go as planned; Adam and Danielle prepare themselves for Hazel's upcoming eye appointment. |LineColor = 2E2EFE }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 13 |EpisodeNumber2 = 9 |Title = A Thanksgiving Miracle |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|1|10}} |Viewers = 1.516<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.10.2017|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-1-10-2017.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170112034239/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-1-10-2017.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 12, 2017|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=January 11, 2017|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=January 12, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170112034239/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-1-10-2017.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Adam and Danielle decide to host 20 people for Thanksgiving, but soon realize they have bitten off more than they can chew; Hazel has a major breakthrough; Adam and Danielle push Mimi to consider living in an apartment. |LineColor = 2E2EFE }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 14 |EpisodeNumber2 = 10 |Title = The Quints Take Manhattan |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|1|17}} |Viewers = 1.344<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.17.2017|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-1-17-2017.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170119200817/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-1-17-2017.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 19, 2017|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=January 18, 2017|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=January 19, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170119200817/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-1-17-2017.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = A talk show asks the Busbys to make a live appearance in New York, but a last minute trip to the doctor has Danielle and Adam concerned about Hazel. |LineColor = 2E2EFE }}}} === Oge nke 3 (2017) === {{Episode table|background=#FF69B4|overall=5|season=5|title=40|airdate=20|country=US|viewers=10|episodes={{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 15 |EpisodeNumber2 = 1 |Title = Dawn of the Terrible Twos |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|7|11}} |Viewers = 1.479<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.11.2017|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-a-network-finals-7-11-2017.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170713032652/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-a-network-finals-7-11-2017.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 13, 2017|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=July 12, 2017|access-date=July 13, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=July 15, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170715175257/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-a-network-finals-7-11-2017.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = With the quints hitting the "terrible twos," the Busbys are busier than ever; Danielle plans a romantic Valentine's Day dinner for Adam, but things don't go as planned; Adam and Danielle prepare themselves for Hazel's upcoming eye appointment. |LineColor = FF69B4 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 16 |EpisodeNumber2 = 2 |Title = A Little Potty Never Killed Nobody |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|7|18}} |Viewers = 1.403<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.18.2017|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-18-2017.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170719202640/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-18-2017.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 19, 2017|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=July 19, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=July 19, 2017|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20170719202255/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-18-2017.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = With the possibility of another surgery looming for Hazel, Adam stresses over her upcoming appointment with a new doctor; when the quints start having [[poop explosions]], Danielle tries potty training with disastrous results. |LineColor = FF69B4 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 17 |EpisodeNumber2 = 3 |Title = Good Quints Gone Bad |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|7|25}} |Viewers = 1.304<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.25.2017|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-25-2017.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170727005707/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-25-2017.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 27, 2017|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=July 26, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=July 27, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170727005707/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-25-2017.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = The Busbys tackle discipline to get the terrible twos under control; Danielle presses Adam for answers on how he's been feeling; with Mimi taking her time to move into her new home, Danielle devises a plan to help her embrace her new life. |LineColor = FF69B4 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 18 |EpisodeNumber2 = 4 |Title = Extreme Quint Makeover |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|8|1}} |Viewers = 1.449<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 8.1.2017|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-1-2017.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803045349/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-1-2017.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 3, 2017|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=August 2, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=August 3, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803045349/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-1-2017.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = While Adam struggles with his emotional issues, the Busbys tackle a playroom makeover for the quints and Blayke; Hazel gets fitted for her new glasses just in time for the girls to take the stage for their first recital. |LineColor = FF69B4 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 19 |EpisodeNumber2 = 5 |Title = Multiple Births, Multiple Birthdays |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|8|8}} |Viewers = 1.444<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 8.8.2017|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-8-2017.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810021226/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-8-2017.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 10, 2017|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=August 9, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=August 10, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810021226/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-8-2017.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = The Busbys plan a joint birthday party for all their girls, but when Blayke wants her own party, Adam and Danielle must come up with a way to make her feel special; the quints' have their first trip to the dentist. |LineColor = FF69B4 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 20 |EpisodeNumber2 = 6 |Title = The Nightmare Before Easter |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|8|15}} |Viewers = 1.199<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 8.15.2017|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-15-2017.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170817034141/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-15-2017.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 17, 2017|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=August 16, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=August 17, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170817034141/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-15-2017.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = It's Easter time, and the Busbys have fun activities planned for the holiday, but their extra special surprise may turn into a nightmare; when Adam reveals his unorthodox plan for dealing with his issues, Danielle has a tough decision to make. |LineColor = FF69B4 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 21 |EpisodeNumber2 = 7 |Title = While the Busbys Are Away the Quints Will Play! |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|8|22}} |Viewers = 1.245<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 8.22.2017|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-22-2017.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824023651/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-22-2017.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 24, 2017|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=August 23, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=August 24, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170824023651/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-22-2017.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Adam and Danielle head to Nashville, Tenn., leaving the family to watch the quints, and Hazel gives her uncle a big scare; while away, Adam confronts the fact he's not the only one suffering from his issues. |LineColor = FF69B4 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 22 |EpisodeNumber2 = 8 |Title = Battle of the Busby Baby Photos |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|8|29}} |Viewers = 1.233<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 8.29.2017|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-29-2017.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831041104/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-29-2017.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 31, 2017|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=August 30, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=August 31, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831041104/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-29-2017.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Adam and Danielle compete to see who can take the cutest photo of the quints so they can promote the new cycle studio; Danielle stresses about her upcoming charity fundraiser; Adam takes a big step toward dealing with his emotional issues. |LineColor = FF69B4 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 23 |EpisodeNumber2 = 9 |Title = Mother's Day Getaway |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|9|5}} |Viewers = 1.349<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 9.5.2017|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-5-2017.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907214253/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-5-2017.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 7, 2017|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=September 7, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=September 7, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907214253/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-5-2017.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Adam plans a beach vacation getaway for Mother's Day, but it may not be relaxing with the entire family in tow; the Quints experience the ocean for the first time; Adam reveals his recent struggles to Nick and Dale. |LineColor = FF69B4 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 24 |EpisodeNumber2 = 10 |Title = The Busby's Newest Addition |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|9|12}} |Viewers = 1.226<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 9.12.2017|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-12-2017.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170914215853/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-12-2017.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 14, 2017|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=September 14, 2017|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=October 25, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025030345/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-12-2017.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = With the grand opening of the cycle studio looming, tensions rise when Danielle announces she wants to work there more than expected; Hazel returns to the eye doctor; the quints get invited to be grand marshals of the League City parade. |LineColor = FF69B4 }}}} === Oge nke anọ (2018) === {{Episode table|background=#69359C|overall=5|season=5|title=40|airdate=20|country=US|viewers=10|episodes={{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 25 |EpisodeNumber2 = 1 |Title = The Quints Have Taken Over! |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2018|7|10}} |Viewers = 1.361<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-10-2018.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712030121/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-10-2018.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 12, 2018|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.10.2018|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=July 11, 2018|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=July 12, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712030121/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-10-2018.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = When Hurricane Harvey hits, one family member suffers a devastating loss; Danielle and Adam are split on what to do about Olivia escaping from her crib; it's time for the simple pleasures of Halloween, but Danielle may have to work through the fun. |LineColor = 69359C }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 26 |EpisodeNumber2 = 2 |Title = A Very Busby Thanksgiving |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2018|7|17}} |Viewers = 1.285<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.17.2018|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-17-2018.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718234522/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-17-2018.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 18, 2018|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=July 18, 2018|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=July 18, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718234522/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-17-2018.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = The Busbys plan a special Thanksgiving, but bad news for Mimi may throw the holiday into turmoil; when Adam and Danielle find out that Riley and Parker are moving up to a different classroom, Adam struggles with the idea of separating the quints. |LineColor = 69359C }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 27 |EpisodeNumber2 = 3 |Title = It's My Potty and I'll Cry If I Want To |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2018|7|24}} |Viewers = 1.339<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.24.2018|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-24-2018.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726005704/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-24-2018.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 26, 2018|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=July 25, 2018|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=January 27, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127145636/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-24-2018.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = The Busbys wade back into potty training, determined not to be defeated this time; Blayke takes gymnastics lessons and enjoys one-on-one time with her parents; Mimi distances herself from the family as she struggles with losing her house. |LineColor = 69359C }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 28 |EpisodeNumber2 = 4 |Title = When Danielle's Away, the Quints Will Play |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2018|7|31}} |Viewers = 1.296<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.31.2018|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-31-2018.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802040908/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-31-2018.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 2, 2018|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=August 1, 2018|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=August 2, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802040908/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-31-2018.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = When Danielle goes out of town for a work conference, Adam's left in charge of all six kids for the weekend; he has big plans in store for his little ladies; a routine eye checkup for Hazel delivers shocking news. |LineColor = 69359C }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 29 |EpisodeNumber2 = 5 |Title = It's Beginning to Look a Lot Like Quintmas |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2018|8|7}} |Viewers = 1.198<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 8.7.2018|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-7-2018.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809025135/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-7-2018.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 9, 2018|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=August 8, 2018|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=January 19, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119144617/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-7-2018.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Adam and Danielle butt heads about where to spend Christmas; the girls perform in a Christmas show but get a case of stage fright. |LineColor = 69359C }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 30 |EpisodeNumber2 = 6 |Title = I'm Dreaming of a Cajun Christmas |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2018|8|14}} |Viewers = 1.452<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 8.14.2018|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-14-2018.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816025515/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-14-2018.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 16, 2018|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=August 15, 2018|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=October 30, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030201555/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-14-2018.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Danielle and Adam want to give their daughters the best Christmas, but as their plans crumble, so does Danielle. Will she hit a breaking point? |LineColor = 69359C }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 31 |EpisodeNumber2 = 7 |Title = New Year, New Responsibilities |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2018|8|21}} |Viewers = 1.594<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 8.21.2018|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-21-2018.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825014722/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-21-2018.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 25, 2018|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=August 22, 2018|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=August 25, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825014722/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-21-2018.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Danielle begins the new year by making a chore chart to teach the kids to help around the house, but wonders if this will remedy her exhaustion or double the quints' tantrums; the girls enter a fashion show. |LineColor = 69359C }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 32 |EpisodeNumber2 = 8 |Title = The Last Time This Happened We Had Quints! |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2018|8|28}} |Viewers = 1.718<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 8.28.2018|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-28-2018.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830041334/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-28-2018.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 30, 2018|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=August 29, 2018|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=December 3, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203230726/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-8-28-2018.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Health concerns worsen Danielle's stress and a pregnancy scare get real when Adam reveals the truth about his vasectomy. |LineColor = 69359C }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 33 |EpisodeNumber2 = 9 |Title = OutValentined |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2018|9|4}} |Viewers = 1.433<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 9.4.2018|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-4-2018.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908170740/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-4-2018.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 8, 2018|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=September 6, 2018|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=September 8, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908170740/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-4-2018.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Adam must please his wife and all six of his daughters for Valentine's Day. Plus, he and Danielle are stunned by what they learn at Hazel's doctor's appointment. |LineColor = 69359C }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 34 |EpisodeNumber2 = 10 |Title = Houston, We Have a Potty Problem |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2018|9|11}} |Viewers = 1.344<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 9.11.2018|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-11-2018.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913002257/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-11-2018.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 13, 2018|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=September 12, 2018|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=August 1, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801081018/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-11-2018.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Danielle prepares to get the girls out of nappies and into underwear, but Adam worries about potential potty disasters. |LineColor = 69359C }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 35 |EpisodeNumber2 = 11 |Title = Every Quint for Herself |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2018|9|18}} |Viewers = 1.598<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 9.18.2018|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-18-2018.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180920011252/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-18-2018.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 20, 2018|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=September 19, 2018|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=December 26, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226024657/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-18-2018.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = A fun family day turns into chaos when the quints fight over toys. Later, the Busby's volunteer to help renovate a house destroyed by Hurricane Harvey. |LineColor = 69359C }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 36 |EpisodeNumber2 = 12 |Title = Busby Birthday Bash |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2018|9|25}} |Viewers = 1.323<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 9.25.2018|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-25-2018.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927050138/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-25-2018.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 27, 2018|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=September 26, 2018|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=September 27, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927050138/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-9-25-2018.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = As Danielle devises a plan to make Blayke and the Quints feel special on their birthdays, Adam struggles with how much he's missing out on the girl's lives. |LineColor = 69359C }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 37 |EpisodeNumber2 = 13 |Title = Hawaii Five-Uh-Oh |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2018|10|2}} |Viewers = 1.362<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 10.2.2018|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-2-2018.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004021455/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-2-2018.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 4, 2018|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=October 3, 2018|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=December 7, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207121033/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-2-2018.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = The Busbys go to Hawaii on a family holiday, but can they survive the 11-hour journey? Adam considers quitting his job to spend more time with the girls. |LineColor = 69359C }}}} === Oge nke 5 (2019) === {{Episode table|background=#FBB917|overall=5|season=5|title=40|airdate=20|country=US|viewers=10|episodes={{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 38 |EpisodeNumber2 = 1 |Title = Young, Wild & Three |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|6|11}} |Viewers = 1.291<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.11.2019|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-11-2019.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614160317/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-11-2019.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 14, 2019|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=June 12, 2019|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=June 14, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614160317/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-11-2019.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = The quints are full-blown threenagers now, and Danielle and Adam must figure out how to make them more disciplined; Adam tries to balance working from home, but after Ava gets sick, the Busbys make a shocking discovery in their house. |LineColor = FBB917 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 39 |EpisodeNumber2 = 2 |Title = Our Home Is Sick |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|6|18}} |Viewers = 1.430<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.18.2019|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-18-2019.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619202209/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-18-2019.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 19, 2019|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=June 19, 2019|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=June 19, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190619202209/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-18-2019.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = The quints have their first sleepover at the Mills when the Busbys are forced to leave their home for a few days; fearing for the girls' health after prolonged exposure to mold, Danielle and Adam bring them to the doctor. |LineColor = FBB917 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 40 |EpisodeNumber2 = 3 |Title = The Quints Get Schooled |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|6|25}} |Viewers = 1.410<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.25.2019|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-25-2019.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626202226/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-25-2019.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 26, 2019|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=June 26, 2019|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=June 26, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626202226/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-25-2019.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Thanksgiving is right around the corner, but celebrating is the last thing on the Busbys' minds; tensions run high between Adam and Danielle as they continue the hunt for a new house and the quints undergo their first school testing. |LineColor = FBB917 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 41 |EpisodeNumber2 = 4 |Title = New House, New Problems |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|7|2}} |Viewers = 1.420<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.2.2019|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-2-2019.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190703202242/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-2-2019.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 3, 2019|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=July 3, 2019|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=July 3, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190703202242/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-2-2019.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = The Busbys move out of their mold-infested home, but transitioning isn't easy; the quints night time antics escalate until Adam and Danielle split up their bedrooms for the first time; Adam plans a surprise birthday party for Danielle. |LineColor = FBB917 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 42 |EpisodeNumber2 = 5 |Title = The Nightmare Before Quintmas |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|7|9}} |Viewers = 1.283<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.9.2019|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-9-2019.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711142227/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-9-2019.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 11, 2019|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=July 11, 2019|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=July 11, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711142227/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-9-2019.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = As the Busbys navigate life in their new home, Adam and Danielle try to salvage what's left of the Christmas season; when Danielle learns she needs surgery on her wisdom teeth, Adam struggles to keep the house afloat and deliver a perfect Christmas. |LineColor = FBB917 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 43 |EpisodeNumber2 = 6 |Title = Lights, Camera, Quints! |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|7|16}} |Viewers = 1.292<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.16.2019|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-16-2019.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190717201944/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-16-2019.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 17, 2019|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=July 17, 2019|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=July 17, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190717201944/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-16-2019.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Adam gets a great work opportunity, but he needs to rely on the chaotic quints to make it a success; when Parker's anxiety gets the best of her, the Busbys must look for solutions; Blayke follows in her mother's footsteps with a new hobby. |LineColor = FBB917 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 44 |EpisodeNumber2 = 7 |Title = Quints on the High Seas |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|7|23}} |Viewers = 1.320<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.23.2019|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-23-2019.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724202329/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-23-2019.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 24, 2019|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=July 24, 2019|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=July 24, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190724202329/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-23-2019.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = It's a dream come true for the Busby girls as the whole family goes on a Disney cruise; Adam gets a huge job offer that means major changes for the family, causing tension between him and Danielle. |LineColor = FBB917 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 45 |EpisodeNumber2 = 8 |Title = There's No Place Like Home |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|7|30}} |Viewers = 1.324<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.30.2019|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-30-2019.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190731202633/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-30-2019.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 31, 2019|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=July 31, 2019|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=July 31, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190731202633/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-7-30-2019.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = A trip to the Busbys' old home brings a surprise; Adam's job situation faces a new development; Hazel goes to her eye appointment; Danielle and the Quints come up with a creative way to give back to the NICU. |LineColor = FBB917 }}}} === Oge nke 6 (2019) === {{Episode table|background=#73B504|overall=5|season=5|title=40|airdate=20|country=US|viewers=10|episodes={{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 46 |EpisodeNumber2 = 1 |Title = Fournado Warning |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|10|01}} |Viewers = 1.312<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 10.1.2019|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-1-2019.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191002202057/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-1-2019.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 2, 2019|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=October 2, 2019|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=October 2, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191002202057/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-1-2019.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = The Quints turn four; Riley navigates her first day of Pre-K; Hazel adjusts to her big girl glasses; Adam's new job means major stress for Danielle. |LineColor = 73B504 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 47 |EpisodeNumber2 = 2 |Title = Veggies...Ewww! |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|10|8}} |Viewers = 1.249<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 10.8.2019|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-8-2019.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009202231/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-8-2019.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 9, 2019|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=October 9, 2019|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=October 9, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009202231/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-8-2019.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = Adam and Danielle want the girls eating healthier, but the Quints aren't on board. They pay a visit to Chef of the House<ref>{{cite web|title=Chef of the House|url=http://chefofthehouse.com/|access-date=October 8, 2019|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=May 28, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528231512/https://chefofthehouse.com/}}</ref> for a some cooking lessons. The Busbys receive news about their house, and Danielle dives into her new business.<ref>{{cite web|title=Outdaughtered Episode List| website=[[IMDb]] |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6215600/episodes?ref_=tt_ov_epl|access-date=October 8, 2019}}</ref> |LineColor = 73B504 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 48 |EpisodeNumber2 = 3 |Title = Not So Quiet Riot |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|10|15}} |Viewers = 1.186<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 10.15.2019|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-15-2019.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016202123/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-15-2019.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 16, 2019|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=October 16, 2019|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=October 16, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016202123/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-15-2019.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = The Busbys agree to no more naps for the Quints and the results threaten to push Danielle to the edge as she deals with a house full of cranky four-year-olds. |LineColor = 73B504 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 49 |EpisodeNumber2 = 4 |Title = Quint Tested, Parent Approved |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|10|22}} |Viewers = 1.179<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 10.22.2019|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-22-2019.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191023202029/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-22-2019.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 23, 2019|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=October 23, 2019|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=October 23, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191023202029/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-22-2019.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = As the Quints prepare for the end-of-year testing to determine their class placement next year; fears of Parker's anxiety return. |LineColor = 73B504 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 50 |EpisodeNumber2 = 5 |Title = Big Decisions in the Big Country |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|10|29}} |Viewers = 1.060<ref>{{cite web|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 10.29.2019|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-29-2019.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030202223/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-29-2019.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 30, 2019|work=[[Showbuzz Daily]]|date=October 30, 2019|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=October 30, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030202223/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-10-29-2019.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = It's Adam's birthday and the family is celebrating with a weekend trip to a Dude Ranch; the Busbys must make a difficult decision about the girls' schooling. |LineColor = 73B504 }}}} === Oge nke 7 (2020) === {{Episode table|background=#11BBEE|overall=5|season=5|title=40|airdate=20|country=US|viewers=10|episodes={{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 51 |EpisodeNumber2 = 1 |Title = My Busby Valentine |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2020|6|2}} |Viewers = 1.092<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-2-2020.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603203231/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-2-2020.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 3, 2020|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.2.2020|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=June 3, 2020|website=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=June 26, 2020|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=June 3, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603203231/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-2-2020.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = As Valentine's Day approaches, Adam is torn over how to make his little girls feel special during the holiday. Danielle throws the family a surprise they will never forget, and the Busbys learn about fire safety with an unexpected twist. |LineColor = 11BBEE }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 52 |EpisodeNumber2 = 2 |Title = Snow-Cation |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2020|6|16}} |Viewers = 1.306<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-16-2020.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200618013206/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-16-2020.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 18, 2020|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.16.2020|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=June 17, 2020|website=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=June 26, 2020|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=June 18, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200618013206/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-16-2020.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = It's a trip of firsts for the Quints as the family heads to Wyoming for a ski trip. As the Busbys prepare for Hazel's eye appointment, they fear the worst. Also, with a global crisis looming, Adam and Danielle wonder what waits for them at home. |LineColor = 11BBEE }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 53 |EpisodeNumber2 = 3 |Title = Coronavirus Changes Everything |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2020|6|23}} |Viewers = 1.238<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-23-2020.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627101156/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-23-2020.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 27, 2020|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.23.2020|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=June 24, 2020|website=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=June 26, 2020|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=June 27, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627101156/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-23-2020.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = As the threat of coronavirus rises, the Busbys must deal with homeschooling their daughters and juggling birthday plans amidst the crisis. Hazel's appointment is coming up, but the Busbys aren't sure if it will happen and what the outcome will be. |LineColor = 11BBEE }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 54 |EpisodeNumber2 = 4 |Title = Quints in Quarantine |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2020|6|30}} |Viewers = 1.195<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-30-2020.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200701201904/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-30-2020.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 1, 2020|title=Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Tuesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.30.2020|last=Metcalf|first=Mitch|date=July 1, 2020|website=Showbuzz Daily|access-date=August 16, 2020|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=July 1, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200701201904/http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-tuesday-cable-originals-network-finals-6-30-2020.html}}</ref> |ShortSummary = As coronavirus takes hold, the Busbys must quarantine in their home. In this entirely self-shot episode, the family of eight celebrates birthdays and Easter, fights off cabin fever and tries to stay sane as they spend weeks on end cooped up together. |LineColor = 11BBEE }}}} === Oge nke 8 (2021) === {{Episode table|background=#771144|overall=5|season=5|title=40|airdate=20|country=US|viewers=10|episodes={{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 55 |EpisodeNumber2 = 1 |Title = Escape from Quarantine |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|2|23}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = Local quarantine restrictions are lifted, and the Busbys are ready to salvage the rest of their summer. Things take a turn for the worse when they discover a huge issue lurking in the kitchen walls. Parker faces an old fear, and Dale surprises the family. |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 56 |EpisodeNumber2 = 2 |Title = Quints' Night Out |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|3|2}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = Blayke gets her big girl sleepover while the Quints invade Uncle Dale and Aunt Crystal's for the night. The kitchen renovation goes from bad to worse. The Busbys try to teach the girls to ride bikes. Hazel gets a surprise visit from her boyfriend, Graham. |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 57 |EpisodeNumber2 = 3 |Title = Just When We Thought We Were Safe |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|3|9}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = Dale's positive COVID-19 test puts the whole family on edge. Back in quarantine with life on hold, the Busbys anxiously await their test results. Danielle learns the fate of the girls' upcoming school year. |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 58 |EpisodeNumber2 = 4 |Title = Kindergarten Quints |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|3|16}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = As the Busbys' RV adventure continues, a storm threatens to ruin their fun. Hazel finally has her eye appointment, but the visit could mean bad news. With kindergarten looming, the Busbys face tough decisions that may upset the girls. |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 59 |EpisodeNumber2 = 5 |Title = Too Scared to Sleep |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|3|23}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = With Halloween approaching, the Busbys scramble to make the holiday spook-tacular and safe in the pandemic. Riley's refusal to sleep in her room wreaks havoc. A hurricane threatens Lake Charles, forcing friends and family to evacuate. |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 60 |EpisodeNumber2 = 6 |Title = Girl Fights and Big Heights |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|3|30}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = With the Quints fighting more than ever, the Busbys agree to join the Mills in San Antonio to shake things up. Meanwhile, Hazel is prescribed an unexpected treatment at her eye appointment, and Danielle faces her fear of heights. |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 61 |EpisodeNumber2 = 7 |Title = Nacho-Typical Thanksgiving |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|4|6}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = As the Busbys get ready for a busy Thanksgiving, Danielle's health issues start to take center stage. Blayke must face her fears when she has to get two teeth pulled. The Quints get a crash course on the importance of being thankful. |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 62 |EpisodeNumber2 = 8 |Title = Broken Heart for the Holidays |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|4|13}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = Danielle searches for answers to her health issues, but what she learns could impact the whole family. The Quints must face their fears when they visit Santa. The family wants to give back to its hometown after the town is destroyed by hurricanes. |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 63 |EpisodeNumber2 = 9 |Title = Silent Night Holy Slime |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|4|20}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = As the Busbys celebrate Christmas, Danielle prepares for an invasive test to determine whether she needs heart surgery. Four of the Quints start ballet, the Busbys say goodbye to 2020 and Adam enlists the girls to make a surprise for Danielle. |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 64 |EpisodeNumber2 = 10 |Title = Breaking the Piggy Bank |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|4|27}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = The Quints get cash-crazy after the Busbys start them on an allowance. When Blayke joins the basketball team, Adam goes overboard to get her to be more aggressive. As Danielle's medical mystery continues, Riley faces her own scary visit to the doctor. |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 65 |EpisodeNumber2 = 11 |Title = Busby Beach Babes |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|5|4}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = The Busbys vacation in Florida as Danielle struggles with her health issues. Blayke's fear of the ocean impacts the Quints. Adam and the whole family plan a surprise wedding anniversary for Danielle. The Busbys brace for Hazel's next eye appointment. |LineColor = 771144 }}}} === Oge nke 9 (2023) === {{Episode table|background=#E1BAB1|overall=5|season=5|title=40|airdate=20|country=US|viewers=10|episodes={{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 66 |EpisodeNumber2 = 1 |Title = Adam and the Thanksgiving Disaster |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|7|11}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = |LineColor = E1BAB1 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 67 |EpisodeNumber2 = 2 |Title = Riley and the Catwalk |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|7|18}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = |LineColor = E1BAB1 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 68 |EpisodeNumber2 = 3 |Title = Ava and the First Dance |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|7|25}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = |LineColor = E1BAB1 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 69 |EpisodeNumber2 = 4 |Title = Blayke and the Babysitting |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|8|1}} |Viewers = |ShortSummary = |LineColor = E1BAB1 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 70 |EpisodeNumber2 = 5 |Title = Hazel and the Sloth |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|8|8}} |Viewers = 0.60<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-hard-knocks-training-camp-with-the-new-york-jets-premieres-on-hbo/|title=Tuesday Ratings: ''Hard Knocks: Training Camp with the New York Jets'' Premieres on HBO|work=Programming Insider|first=Douglas|last=Pucci|date=August 9, 2023|access-date=August 10, 2023|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=August 10, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810234956/https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-hard-knocks-training-camp-with-the-new-york-jets-premieres-on-hbo/}}</ref> |ShortSummary = |LineColor = E1BAB1 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 71 |EpisodeNumber2 = 6 |Title = Danielle and the Bacon |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|8|15}} |Viewers = 0.59<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-americas-got-talent-fueled-nbc-tops-all-key-figures-in-prime-time/|title=Tuesday Ratings: ''America's Got Talent''-Fueled NBC Tops All Key Figures in Prime Time|work=Programming Insider|author=Douglas Pucci|date=August 16, 2023|access-date=August 16, 2023|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=October 4, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004002002/https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-americas-got-talent-fueled-nbc-tops-all-key-figures-in-prime-time/}}</ref> |ShortSummary = |LineColor = E1BAB1 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 72 |EpisodeNumber2 = 7 |Title = Parker and the Glamping |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|8|22}} |Viewers = 0.61<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-americas-got-talent-once-again-helps-nbc-to-victory/|title=Tuesday Ratings: 'America's Got Talent' Once Again Helps NBC to Victory|work=Programming Insider|first=Douglas|last=Pucci|date=August 23, 2023|access-date=August 24, 2023|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=September 23, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230923165309/https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-americas-got-talent-once-again-helps-nbc-to-victory/}}</ref> |ShortSummary = |LineColor = E1BAB1 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber = 73 |EpisodeNumber2 = 8 |Title = Olivia and the Pink Limo |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|8|29}} |Viewers = 0.68<ref>{{cite web|url=https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-nbc-on-top-with-americas-got-talent/|title=Tuesday Ratings: NBC on Top with ''America's Got Talent''|work=Programming Insider|author=Douglas Pucci|date=August 30, 2023|access-date=August 30, 2023|accessdate=February 13, 2024|archivedate=August 30, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230830233608/https://programminginsider.com/tuesday-ratings-nbc-on-top-with-americas-got-talent/}}</ref> |ShortSummary = |LineColor = E1BAB1 }}}} == Ihe pụrụ iche == {{Episode table|background=#000000|season=5|seasonT=Featured<br>season|title=40|airdate=20|episodes={{Episode list |EpisodeNumber2 = 3 |Title = Countdown to the New Season |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|7|11}} |ShortSummary = |LineColor = FF69B4 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber2 = 3 |Title = Life with Quints: Battle of the Busby Baby Photos |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|9|5}} |ShortSummary = |LineColor = FF69B4 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber2 = 3 |Title = Life with Quints: Mother's Day Getaway |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2017|9|12}} |ShortSummary = |LineColor = FF69B4 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber2 = 5 |Title = Quintessential Questions |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|7|30}} |ShortSummary = |LineColor = FBB917 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber2 = 6 |Title = Raising Quints 101 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2019|11|5}} |ShortSummary = |LineColor = 73B504 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber2 = 8 |Title = Quint Talk |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|2|23}} |ShortSummary = |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber2 = 8 |Title = Portrait of a Busby Girl, Pt. 1 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|3|2}} |ShortSummary = |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber2 = 8 |Title = Portrait of a Busby Girl, Pt. 2 |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|3|9}} |ShortSummary = |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber2 = 8 |Title = The Busby Awards Show |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|4|27}} |ShortSummary = |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber2 = 8 |Title = The Untold Stories |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|5|4}} |ShortSummary = |LineColor = 771144 }} {{Episode list |EpisodeNumber2 = 9 |Title = Busby Birthday Bash |OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|8|15}} |ShortSummary = |LineColor = E1BAB1 }}}} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb title|tt6215600}} {{TLC Programming|state=collapsed}} 7efwq3uwbzda5hb9m6ud2qutzmzqzl0 0 36761 729941 720297 2026-10-02T11:44:20Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729941 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} {| class="infobox" style="background:#fff6d9" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="background:#fee8ab" |Onye | class="infobox-data" |Tuḷuva |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="background:#fee8ab" |Ndị mmadụ | class="infobox-data" |Tuḷuvarŭ |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="background:#fee8ab" |Asụsụ | class="infobox-data" |Tupu |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" style="background:#fee8ab" |Mba | class="infobox-data" |Tuḷu Nāḍŭ |} [[Usòrò:Vishwanath_Badikana.webm|thumb|Onye na-ekwu okwu na Tulu.]] '''Tulu''' bụ asụsụ Dravidian nke ndị na-asụ ya gbadoro ụkwụ na Dakshina Kannada na n'akụkụ ndịda nke Udupi nke Karnataka na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ [[Ndia|India]] yana kwa na akụkụ ugwu nke Kasaragod district nke Kerala. A na-akpọ ndị na-asụ asụsụ Tulu dị ka ndị Tuluva ma ọ bụ ndị Tulu na mpaghara mpaghara a na-akpọ Tulu Nadu n'enweghị iwu. Akụkọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị India nke afọ 2011 kọrọ na ngụkọta nke 1,846,427 ndị na-asụ asụsụ Tulu na India. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Census of India - Statement 1|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement1.htm|accessdate=13 November 2009|publisher=Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|archivedate=6 February 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206233628/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement1.htm}}</ref>Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ nke afọ 2001 kọrọ na ngụkọta nke 1,722,768 na-asụ asụsụ ala. E<ref name="BhatSteveer" /> ihe isi ike ụfọdụ n'ịgụ ndị na-asụ Tulu ndị si n'ógbè ha kwapụ dịka a na-agụkarị ha dị ka ndị na-ekwu Kannada na Akụkọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị India. Nkewapụrụ na Proto-South Dravidian, Tulu nwere ọtụtụ atụmatụ ndị a na-adịghị ahụ na Tamil-Kannada. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ nwere pluperfect na ọdịnihu zuru oke, dị ka [[Asụsụ French|French]] ma ọ bụ Spanish, mana e mepụtara ya na-enweghị ngwaa enyemaka. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Tulu Nadu, Kasaragod, Kerala, India|url=https://www.keralatourism.org/bekal/tulu-nadu.php|publisher=Kerala Tourism|accessdate=12 June 2017|language=en|archivedate=6 July 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706143248/http://www.keralatourism.org/bekal/tulu-nadu.php}}</ref> <ref name="acharya1b">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ciil-ebooks.net/html/piil/acharya1b.html|accessdate=11 August 2009|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080117094833/http://www.ciil-ebooks.net/html/piil/acharya1b.html|title=Social Aspects and Dynamics of Convergence|author=Susheela Thomas|archivedate=17 January 2008}}</ref> asụsụ a na-asụ na Tulu Nadu, nke nwere mpaghara Dakshina Kannada na Udupi na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ nke Karnataka na mpaghara ugwu nke Mpaghara Kasaragod nke Kerala <ref name="BhatSteveer" /> . A na-ahụ ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ndị na-asụ asụsụ Tulu na Kalasa na Mudigere taluks nke mpaghara Chikkamagaluru na Tirthahalli, Hosanagar nke mpaghara Shimoga. Ndị <ref name="dravidian">{{Cite book|title=The Dravidian Languages|url=https://archive.org/details/dravidianlanguag0000unse|author=Steever|first=Sanford B.|year=1998|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=0-415-10023-2}}</ref>-abụghị ndị na-asụ Tulu gụnyere ndị bi na mpaghara Tulunadu mana ndị na- asụ Asụsụ Beary, asụsụ Havyaka yana Konkani na Koraga dị ka asụsụ nne ha. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=63861&|title=Dr. Veerendra Heggade in Dubai to Unite Tuluvas for Tulu Sammelan|publisher=Daijiworld.com|accessdate=21 May 2012|archivedate=3 March 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191142/http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=63861&}}</ref><ref name="mangalorean.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mangalorean.com/news.php?newstype=broadcast&broadcastid=139752|title=Serving Mangaloreans Around The World!|publisher=Mangalorean.Com|accessdate=21 May 2012|archivedate=25 December 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225065833/https://www.mangalorean.com/news.php?newstype=broadcast&broadcastid=139752%20}}</ref><ref name="languageinindia.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.languageinindia.com/may2003/maharashtraurdu.html|title=Language in India|publisher=Language in India|date=5 May 2003|accessdate=21 May 2012|archivedate=25 December 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225065831/http://www.languageinindia.com/may2003/maharashtraurdu.html%20}}</ref> Tulu Nadu, a na-ahụ ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ndị na-asụ Tulu na Maharashtra, [1] Bangalore, Chennai, ụwa na-asụrụ Bekee, na mba Gulf. [2] [3] Ihe odide dị iche iche nke Tulu site na narị afọ nke 15 dị na edemede Tulu. <ref name="BhatSteveer" /> E dekwara akwụkwọ akụkọ abụọ nke Tulu aha ya bụ ''Sri Bhagavato'' na ''Kaveri'' site na narị afọ nke iri na asaa n'otu edemede ahụ. <ref name="BhatSteveer" /> A maara asụsụ Tulu maka akwụkwọ ọ na-ede n'ụdị uri a na-akpọ ''Pardan''. Epic nke Siri <ref name="BhatSteveer">{{Cite book|author=Steever|first=Sanford B|title=The Dravidian Languages|date=2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781136911644|pages=158–163}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSteever2015">Steever, Sanford B (2015). ''The Dravidian Languages''. Routledge. pp.&nbsp;158–163. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9781136911644|<bdi>9781136911644</bdi>]].</cite></ref> akụkọ ifo nke Koti na Chennayya so n'ụdị akwụkwọ Tulu a. == Nchịkọta ==   == Okwu mmalite == Onye ọkà mmụta asụsụ P. Gururaja Bhat kwuru na ''Tulunadu'' (akwụkwọ nyocha) na Tuluva sitere n'okwu ahụ bụ turuva, ebe turu pụtara 'ụmụ ehi' ma na-ezo aka n'ebe ndị yadava ma ọ bụ cowherd na-achị. {{citation needed|date=August 2012}}<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2012)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Ọnọdụ gọọmentị == Tulu abụghị asụsụ gọọmentị nke India ma ọ bụ mba ọ bụla ọzọ. A na-eme mgbalị itinye Tulu na Ndepụta nke 8 nke Iwu. <ref>{{Cite news|title=Centre still examining inclusion of Tulu, Kodava in 8th Schedule|url=http://www.coastaldigest.com/news/101637-centre-still-examining-inclusion-of-tulu-kodava-in-8th-schedule|work=Coastaldigest.com - The Trusted News Portal of India, Coastal Karnataka|date=22 July 2017|language=en|accessdate=21 October 2017|archive-date=22 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022032855/http://www.coastaldigest.com/news/101637-centre-still-examining-inclusion-of-tulu-kodava-in-8th-schedule|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2009/dec/11/cm-inaugurates-vishwa-tulu-sammelan-112014.html|title=CM inaugurates Vishwa Tulu Sammelan|work=The New Indian Express|accessdate=11 December 2009}}</ref>'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2009, n'oge Vishwa Tulu Sammelan nke mbụ haziri na Ujire-Dharmastala, mgbe ahụ Chief Minister Karnataka B. S. Yediyurappa kwere nkwa izipu aro ọhụrụ maka itinye asụsụ Tulu na usoro nke asatọ nke iwu. [1] <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mangaluru/demand-to-include-tulu-in-eight-schedule-grows-louder-with-pms-visit/articleshow/61327370.cms|title=Demand to include Tulu in Eight Schedule grows louder with PM's visit - Times of India|work=The Times of India|accessdate=12 November 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Mangalore/twitter-campaign-to-include-tulu-in-eighth-schedule-of-constitution/article19459992.ece|title=Twitter campaign to include Tulu in Eighth Schedule of Constitution|date=10 August 2017|work=The Hindu|accessdate=12 November 2017|language=en-IN}}</ref>'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2017, a haziri mkpọsa n'ịntanetị iji tinye Tulu na usoro iwu nke asatọ [1] N'ọnwarị 2017, mgbe praịm minista [[Narendra Modi]], gara Ụlọ Nsọ Dharmasthala, e gosipụtara otu ihe ahụ n'ihu ya. [2] N'otu aka ahụ, na 2018, Onye omeiwu si na mpaghara Kasargod, P. Karunakaran, welitere otu arịrịọ ahụ maka itinye asụsụ Tulu na usoro nke asatọ nke iwu. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay.aspx?newsID=675865|title=Mangaluru: MLA Vedavyasa Kamath seeks official recognition for Tulu language|work=DaijiWorld News|accessdate=19 February 2020}}</ref> 19 Febụwarị 2020, Vedavyas Kamath onye so na Mangaluru (n'ebe ndịda) nke Nzukọ Ndị Ome Iwu, nyere onye isi minista B. S. Yediyurappa na minista maka njem nleta, Kannada na ọdịbendị, C. T. Ravi, akwụkwọ, na-achọ ọnọdụ gọọmentị maka asụsụ Tulu. N'ọnwa Febụwarị 2020, MLA ọzọ si Moodbidri Umanath Kotian gbara gọọmentị steeti ume ka ha tinye nrụgide na gọọmentị union ka ha gbakwunye asụsụ Tulu na usoro ihe omume nke asatọ n'oge nnọkọ ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-05|title=Campaign to get official status for Tulu gains steam|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/state/top-karnataka-stories/campaign-to-get-official-status-for-tulu-gains-steam-1004948.html|accessdate=2021-07-05|work=Deccan Herald|language=en|archivedate=4 July 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210704235613/https://www.deccanherald.com/state/top-karnataka-stories/campaign-to-get-official-status-for-tulu-gains-steam-1004948.html}}</ref>'ọnwa Julaị 2021, ndị otu atọ dị na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Karnataka: BJP, Congress na Janata Dal (Secular), kwadoro echiche ahụ. [1] == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ihe odide kachasị ochie na Tulu sitere n'oge dị n'etiti narị afọ nke 7 na nke 8 AD. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CF5Qo4NDE64C&pg=PA162|title=The Dravidian languages - Sanford B. Steever - Google Books|date=24 June 2003|isbn=9780203424353|accessdate=21 May 2012|author=Steever|first=Sanford B.|publisher=Taylor & Francis}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&pg=PA46|title=A History of Ancient and Early ... - Upinder Singh - Google Books|isbn=9788131711200|accessdate=21 May 2012|author=Singh|first=Upinder|year=2008|publisher=Pearson Education India}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zsQc6oFXvPkC&pg=PA64|title=Brahmanas of South India - Nagendra Rao - Google Books|isbn=9788178353005|accessdate=21 May 2012|author=Rao|first=Nagendra|year=2005|publisher=Kalpaz Publications}}</ref> Ihe odide ndị a dị na edemede Tulu ma chọta ya n'ebe dị na gburugburu Barkur nke bụ isi obodo Tulu Nadu n'oge Vijayanagar. A na-ahụ otu ihe odide ọzọ na ''Ullur'' ''Subrahmanya'' Temple dị nso na Kundapura. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ dị ka S.U. Panniyadi na L. V. Ramaswami Iyer yana P.S. Subrahmanya tụrụ aro na Tulu so n'asụsụ kachasị ochie n'ezinụlọ Dravidian nke gbasara n'onwe ya site na mgbọrọgwụ Proto-Dravidian ya ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ 2500 gara aga. Nkwupụta a dabere n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na Tulu ka na-echekwa ọtụtụ akụkụ nke Asụsụ Proto-Dravidian. == Ebe ọmụmụ na nyocha nke Tulu == Tulu dị ka asụsụ na-aga n'ihu na-eto eto na Karnataka na Kasaragod dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri na Kerala. Karnataka Tulu Sahitya Academy, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tuluacademy.org/en/tulu-nadu/|title=Welcome tuluacademy.org|work=Tuluacademy.org|accessdate=26 August 2016|archivedate=5 April 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160405133147/http://www.tuluacademy.org/en/tulu-nadu/}}</ref> ụlọ akwụkwọ gọọmentị steeti Karnataka guzobere na 1994, ewebatala Tulu dị ka asụsụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri Karnataka, gụnyere Alva's High School, Moodbidri; Dattanjaneya High School, Odiyoor; Ramakunjeshwara English-medium High School, Ramakunja; na Vani Composite Pre-University College, Belthangady. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/news/state/626-students-from-16-Dakshina-Kannada-schools-opt-for-Tulu/articleshow/53217026.cms|title=626 students from 16 Dakshina Kannada schools opt for Tulu - Bangalore Mirror -|work=Bangaloremirror.com|accessdate=21 February 2023|archivedate=11 May 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511174050/https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/news/state/626-students-from-16-Dakshina-Kannada-schools-opt-for-Tulu/articleshow/53217026.cms}}</ref> mbụ, a malitere n'ụlọ akwụkwọ iri na isii, [1] a na-akụzi asụsụ ahụ ugbu a n'ihe karịrị ụlọ akwụkwọ iri atọ na atọ, nke iri atọ n'ime ha dị na mpaghara Dakshina Kannada. Ihe k<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.india.com/news/agencies/1584-students-take-tulu-as-3rd-language-in-undivided-dk-dist-2266671/|title=1584 students take Tulu as 3rd language in undivided DK dist|date=24 June 2017|work=India.com|accessdate=25 June 2017|archivedate=24 September 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170924045928/http://www.india.com/news/agencies/1584-students-take-tulu-as-3rd-language-in-undivided-dk-dist-2266671/}}</ref> ụmụ akwụkwọ 1500 ahọrọla ịmụ asụsụ a. Gọọmentị Kerala guzobere Kerala Tulu Academy na 2007. Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na-elekwasị anya n'inweta na ịgbasa asụsụ na ọdịbendị Tulu na Kerala site na ọrụ dị iche iche dịka ịhazi nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe na ibipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ Tulu, wdg. Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ dị na Hosangadi, Manjeshwar na Kasaragod. A na-akụzi Tulu dị ka asụsụ na ọkwa post-graduate na Mahadum Mangalore''',''' ma enwere ngalaba raara onwe ya nye maka ọmụmụ Tulu, ntụgharị na nyocha na Mahadum Dravidian <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dravidianuniversity.ac.in/tuludept.html|title=Dravidianuniversity|accessdate=21 May 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120512045846/http://dravidianuniversity.ac.in/tuludept.html|archivedate=12 May 2012}}</ref> na Kuppam Andhra Pradesh.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kannuruniversity.ac.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=117|title=GOVERNMENT COLLEGE Vidyanagar|accessdate=26 August 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827091932/http://www.kannuruniversity.ac.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=117|archivedate=27 August 2016}}</ref> Degree College [1] na Kasaragod na Kerala webatara usoro asambodo na Tulu maka afọ agụmakwụkwọ 2009-2010. O webatara Tulu dị ka isiokwu nhọrọ na nkuzi Kannada ya. Ọ nabatara syllabi site na akwụkwọ ndị Tulu Sahitya Academy bipụtara. Ndị ozi ala ọzọ [[Jémanị|Germany]] bụ Kammerer na Männer bụ ndị mbụ mere nchọpụta banyere asụsụ ahụ. Kammerer chịkọtara ihe dị ka okwu 3,000 na ihe ha pụtara tupu ọnwụ ya. Mgbe e mesịrị, Männer gara n'ihu n'ọrụ ya, onye mechara nyocha ahụ ma bipụta akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu mbụ nke asụsụ Tulu na 1886 site n'enyemaka nke gọọmentị Madras nke oge ahụ. Mgbalị ahụ ezughi oke, ebe ọ na-ekpuchi akụkụ niile nke asụsụ ahụ. Govinda Pai Research Centre na MGM College, Udupi malitere ọrụ Tulu lexicon afọ 18 n'afọ 1979. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/sep/22udupi.htm|title=Rediff on the Net: Now, Tulu has a real dictionary!|work=Rediff.com|accessdate=21 May 2012|archivedate=2 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302015422/http://www.rediff.com/news/sep/22udupi.htm}}</ref> Asụsụ dị iche iche, okwu pụrụ iche eji eme ihe maka ọrụ dị iche iche. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-08/mangalore/28086486_1_lexicon-world-tulu-convention-dictionary|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130428082816/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-08/mangalore/28086486_1_lexicon-world-tulu-convention-dictionary|archivedate=28 April 2013|title=Tulu Nighantu a Lexicon That Speaks a Million Words|author=Leena Mudbidri|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=8 December 2009}}</ref> ọrụ ahụ ewepụtakwala mpịakọta isii, asụsụ atọ, ọnụahịa dị ala nke Tulu-Kannada-English lexicon. E nyere akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Tulu Gundert Award maka akwụkwọ ọkọwaokwu kachasị mma na mba ahụ na 1996. <ref>{{Cite news|author=TNN|title=MU to Offer Tulu Courses|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-09-30/mangalore/30229799_1_diploma-tulu-script-karnataka-tulu-sahitya-academy|accessdate=2 October 2011|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=30 September 2011|archive-date=28 April 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130428194633/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-09-30/mangalore/30229799_1_diploma-tulu-script-karnataka-tulu-sahitya-academy|url-status=dead}}</ref> Septemba 2011, Kansụl agụmakwụkwọ nke Mahadum Mangalore nabatara aro, iji kwe ka mahadum na kọleji ndị metụtara ya nye asambodo, diplọma na ọmụmụ diplọma na Tulu, ma n'ụzọ nkịtị ma n'ụdị akwụkwọ ozi [1] <ref>{{Cite news|author=Special Correspondent|title=Varsity Okays Proposals to Offer Courses in Biotechnology, Tulu|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Mangalore/article2499919.ece|accessdate=2 October 2011|work=The Hindu|date=30 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001063631/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Mangalore/article2499919.ece|archive-date=1 October 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ọgba aghara Gokak * Ndepụta nke ihe nkiri Tulu * Aliya Kattu == Ihe edeturu == okwu 3,000 na ihe ha pụtara tupu ọnwụ ya. Mgbe e mesịrị, Männer gara n'ihu n'ọrụ ya, onye mechara nyocha ahụ ma bipụta akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu mbụ nke asụsụ Tulu na 1886 site n'enye == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Ebe e si nweta ya == *   == Ịgụ ihe ọzọ == * Caldwell, R., A Comparative Grammar of the Dravidian or South-Indian family of languages, [[London]]: Harrison, 1856.; E bipụtara ya na London, K. Paul, Trench, Trubner & co., ltd., 1913; rev. ed. site na J. L. Wyatt na T. Ramakrishna Pillai, Madras, Mahadum nke Madras, 1961, bipụtaghachiri Asian Educational Services, 1998.   [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/81-206-0117-3|81-206-0117-3]] * C. (1875). A Comparative Grammar nke Dravidian ma ọ bụ ezinụlọ asụsụ South-Indian. London: Trübner na Co., Ludgate Hill. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]   [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/2-213-01254-7|2-213-01254-7]] * Hall, Edith (2002), "Ndị na-agụ egwú nke oge ochie" na Pat Easterling & Edith Hall, ed., Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Greek na Roman: Aspects of an Ancient Profession, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.   [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0-521-65140-9|0-521-65140-9]] * Lauri Honko, Textualisation of Oral Epics.   [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/3-11-016928-2|3-11-016928-2]] * William Pais, ''Ala A Na-akpọ South Canara''.   [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/81-7525-148-4|81-7525-148-4]] * Bhat, S.L. A Grammar of Tulu: a Dravidian language.   [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/81-85691-12-6|81-85691-12-6]] * Männer, A. Tuḷu-English dictionary, Mangalore: E bipụtara ya na Basel Mission Press 1886 * Männer, A. English-Tuḷu dictionary, Mangalore: E bipụtara ya na Basel Mission Press 1888 * Brigel, J. A Grammar of the Tulu language, Mangalore, nke C. Stolz bipụtara, Basel Mission Book & Tract Depository, 1872 *   * Bhat D. N. S. (1967). Nkọwa nkọwa nke Tulu. Poona: Deccan College Postgraduate and Research Institute. * Vinson, Julien (1878), Ngwaa n'asụsụ Dravidian: Tamil, Canara, Télinga, Malayâla, tulu, wdg, Maisonneuve na cie.Paris * Burnell, Arthur Coke (1874), Elements of South-Indian Palæography from the Fourth to the Seventeenth Century A.D., Trübner & Co. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Akụkụ nke nkà mmụta asụsụ. Ebe a na-ebipụta ya amaghị: Hardpress Ltd. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Asụsụ nke Tulu: asụsụ Dravidian. Thiruvananthapuram: Òtù asụsụ Dravidian. * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Asụsụ ndị dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ na Ndịda Ọwụwa Ọwụwa anyanwụ Eshia: mmeghe. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. * Padmanabha, Kekunnaya [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Nnyocha ntụnyere nke asụsụ Tulu. Udupi * Narayana, S. B. (1967). Nkọwa nkọwa nke Tulu. Poona: Deccan College Postgraduate and Research Institute. * Upadhyaya, U. P. (onye nwụrụ). Tulu Lexicon: Tulu-Kannada-English Dictionary. Udupi * [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ihe eji eme ihe maka eserese nke ụdaolu Tulu. Lahore *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.tuluacademy.org/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị nke Tulu Academy nke Karnataka] * [http://tuludictionary.in/dictionary/cgi-bin/web/frame.html Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Tulu n'ịntanetị] * [https://www.tulupedia.com Tulupedia] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090622104844/http://www.tuluver.com/home/ Tuluver.com] * [https://jaitulunad.in/ Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Kopparige Tulu] * [https://www.omniglot.com/writing/tulu.htm Asụsụ Tulu na mkpụrụ akwụkwọ] {{Dravidian languages}}{{Languages spoken in Kerala}}{{Languages of India}}{{Authority control}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] oauk4h0sj80il47yrqnp7praz3g9siy 0 38498 729795 516102 2026-10-01T12:31:52Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729795 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Temi DollFace ( operason Temitope Samantha Phil-Ebosie, Ọgọst 2) bụ onye Naijiria na-agụ egwu electro-pop-soul, onye tolitere na England.  A egwu egwu ya dị ka "ụdị egwu jazzy, ike na ihe nkiri".  [1] A maara nke ọma maka otu "Pata Pata" ya na 2013, bụ nke nnapụta nhọpụta anọ AFRIMA na All Africa Music Awards maka "Video kacha mma", "ụdị Of The African Continent", "Best African Pop Song"  na "Onye na-ekwe nkwa African Artiste. Na kọntinent".  N'afọ 2016 TemiDollFace dị otu "Beep Beep", tuputa album. == Ọrụ == <ref name="SIT">{{Cite web|url=http://www.soundit.com.ng/artists/temidollface-biography-soundit-com-ng/|title=Temi dollface Biography|publisher=Soundit.com|accessdate=23 September 2016|archivedate=12 August 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812013119/http://www.soundit.com.ng/artists/temidollface-biography-soundit-com-ng/}}</ref>Dollface bịanyere aka na Sony Records na UK afọ ise.  [1] Na September 2013, Mary J Blige gosiri Dollface ka ọ kwado ya na egwu egwu "Sister with Soul" na Expo Center Lagos.  akara ahụ, ọ bụ ndị dị ka Chris Brown, Rahsaan Patterson, Femi Kuti, Keziah Jones, na ndị ọzọ, Coca-Cola kpọkwara òkù ka ọ pụta na ihe nkiri TV ha na Nairobi bụ Coke Studio, ya na King Sunny Ade na  MI Abaga <ref name="SIT"/>N'afọ 2013, o pịa otu "Pata Pata" [1] nke usoro na usoro otu n'ime opera ncha Ndanitv Gidi Up .  Egwu ahụ ikike nhọpụta AFRIMA anọ ya na Disemba 2014 All Africa Music Awards maka "Video Kachasị Mma", "ụdị Of The African Continent", "Best African Pop Song" na "Onye na-ekwe nkwa onye na-eme ihe nkiri Africa na  kọntinent ahụ".  Vidio egwu egwu na-ewu ewu, a na-egosikwa ya mgbe niile na ọwa dịka MTV World, Channel O, Soundcity, Otu egwu, TVC, na ndị ọzọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.viva-naija.com/temi-dollface-smooth-suave-sophisticated-single-beep-beep/|title=Temi Dollface is smooth, suave and sophisticated with her single "Beep Beep"|publisher=Viva Naija|date=14 August 2016|accessdate=23 September 2016}}</ref>Mgbe ahapụchara "Dịka Nke ahụ (Akụkọ)", [1] na 2016 TemiDollFace mmetụta otu nke atọ ya, "Beep Beep", tuputa album.  Magazin bụ Music in Africa ndị abụ a dị ka arọ nke "atụnye aka ndị nka na-eme n'ịkwalite 'Girl Power Movement' n'ebe etiti omenala pop na okpukpe agha agha".  [2] Ọ bụ egwu egwu edobere na cabaret 1930. [3] VivaNaija dere, sị: "Onye kacha ọhụrụ nke onye na-ese ihe nkiri Naijiria, Temi Dollface, mara mma. Strands of afrobeat mix with strains of Jill Scott . Ana  m anụ nu-mkpụrụ obi, ana m anụ funk. Janelle Monáe na Erykah Badu nọdụ na cafe burlesque wee nwee ya. tii na Fela. Ahụrụ m n'anya, pụta m n'anya, hụ ihe niile m na-enye." <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.okayafrica.com/events/fela-kuti-felabration-london-dele-sosimi-afrobeat-orchestra/|title=Celebrate the Legacy of Fela Kuti at London's 'Felabration' With Dele Sosimi Afrobeat Orchestra + Very Special Guests|date=22 August 2016|publisher=Okay Africa|accessdate=20 September 2016|archivedate=25 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170625031802/http://www.okayafrica.com/events/fela-kuti-felabration-london-dele-sosimi-afrobeat-orchestra/}}</ref>Na October 2016 ọ ga- kwuo na London Felabration 2016 na Dele Sosimi Afrobeat Orchestra na ndị na-ese ihe dị ka Breis, Bumi Thomas, Afrikan Boy na Tiggs da Author . == Ntụaka == {{Commons category}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Dollface, Temi}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 3x9atm5j63p6fq1hboln9johuplqrnu 0 38499 729796 708863 2026-10-01T12:33:12Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729796 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} <ref>{{Cite web|author=Admin|date=2017-02-20|title=HARRIMAN, Hon. Temi|url=https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/harriman-hon-temi/|accessdate=2023-03-01|work=Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-03-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301161524/https://blerf.org/index.php/biography/harriman-hon-temi/}}</ref>Temi Harriman (amuru 1 Jenuarrị 1963) bu onye okaiwu Naijiria, onye ndoro-ndoro ochichi, na onye otu ulo omebe iwu, National Assembly na-okpuru Warri Federal Constituency n'okpuru nche anwụ nke All Peoples Party (APP). == Ndụ mmalite na ọrụ == . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Public offices held by Temi Harriman in Nigeria|url=https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/temi-harriman|accessdate=2023-03-01|work=citizensciencenigeria.org|language=en}}</ref>Ọ bụ onye otu ụlọ omebe iwu maka Warri Federal Constituency n'okpuru All Peoples Party APP site na 1999 ruo 2003. ma debe oche ya maka oge ọzọ site na 2003 ruo 2007 == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Harriman, Temi}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ehw0km7elaxm6bor680l35rxlz5fivz 0 38500 729799 156937 2026-10-01T12:34:31Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729799 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  <ref name="Barath2023">{{Cite web|author=Harini Barath|title=Glucose Data Reveals Seasonal Patterns in Diabetes Care|work=Dartmouth News|date=September 2023|url=https://home.dartmouth.edu/news/2023/09/glucose-data-reveals-seasonal-patterns-diabetes-care|accessdate=December 7, 2023}}</ref> <ref name="Shawn">{{Cite web|author=Andrew Shawn|title=Wearable Devices Reveal Individuals Who May Require Additional Support In Diabetes Management|work=Verve Times|date=September 26, 2023|url=https://vervetimes.com/wearable-devices-reveal-individuals-who-may-require-additional-support-in-diabetes-management/|accessdate=December 7, 2023|archivedate=December 7, 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207210445/https://vervetimes.com/wearable-devices-reveal-individuals-who-may-require-additional-support-in-diabetes-management/}}</ref> <ref name="Bendix">{{Cite web|author=Jeffrey Bendix|title=New study shows seasonal effects on glucose levels for patients with Type 1 diabetes|work=Medical Economics|date=September 28, 2023|url=https://www.medicaleconomics.com/view/new-study-shows-seasonal-effects-on-glucose-levels-for-patients-with-type-1-diabetes|accessdate=December 7, 2023}}</ref>Temiloluwa O. Prioleau bụ chọka ịrị kọmputa nke Naijiria, osote prọfesọ Tri kọmputa na Dartmouth College .  Na Janua 2019, ọ ekiri onye isi ojii mbụ onye otu ngalaba na-ahụ maka mmemme kọmputa na mahadum Ivy League .  [1] egwuregwu egwuregwu bụ atụgharị data na ike ndị na-akụ .  [2] A matala Prioleau maka nsogbu ya gbasara ijikọ data sitere na ngwaọrụ wearable iji ike na melite ọrịa shuga <ref name="Barath">{{Cite web|author=Harini Barath|title=Leveraging data from wearable medical devices|work=Dartmouth News|date=September 8, 2022|url=https://home.dartmouth.edu/news/2022/09/leveraging-data-wearable-medical-devices|accessdate=September 9, 2022}}</ref> == Ndụ == Nna Prioleau bụ onye injinia ọkụ .  O tolitere na Lagos, Nigeria, na-aga ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị mpaghara na ụlọ akwụkwọ ụlọ na Nigeria.  Ọ kwagara United States mgbe ọ nọ na klas nke 11, gụchara akwụkwọ na Texas .  [1] O nzere bachelọ nke nhụjuanya na Injinia Eletriki na Mahadum Texas dị na Austin na 2010 tupu ya agụchaa Masters wee mechaa PhD na Georgia Institute of Technology na 2016<ref name="UTA">{{Cite web|title=Alumni Profile: Temiloluwa Prioleau|work=The University of Texas at Austin|date=February 12, 2021|url=https://www.ece.utexas.edu/news/alumni-profile-temiloluwa-prioleau|accessdate=March 20, 2021}}</ref> <ref name="CTBH">{{Cite web|title=Faculty Affiliates: Temiloluwa Prioleau, PhD|work=Center for Technology and Behavioral Health|url=https://www.c4tbh.org/meet-our-team/temiloluwa-prioleau/|accessdate=September 5, 2022}}</ref>Prioleau bụ onye ọrụ postdoctoral na Mahadum Rice, mgbe nke ahụ ihuenyo ọbẹ osote prọfesọ nke mbiet kọmputa na Dartmouth College, six na January 2019. [1] Ọ ntọala ntọala ma na-eduzi ụlọ factory Augmented na Dartmouth College, [2]  na ọ bụ ngalaba mmekọ nke Center for Technology and Behavioral Health (CTBH). == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Prioleau, Temiloluwa}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] t6nmocr69tdl8d0mcxq3us2bp1390y4 0 38501 729801 631511 2026-10-01T12:38:04Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Temitope Temitope Solaja {{Audio|Yo-Temitope Solaja.ogg|audio}} Listen (help·info) bụ onye omere ihe nkiri Naijiria, onye na-ede ihe nkiri na onye na-ebe ihe nkiri . == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == <ref name="Oluwafunmilayo 2018">{{Cite web|author=Oluwafunmilayo|first=Akinpelu|title=Actress Temitope Solaja expresses gratitude as she buys new car|work=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|date=September 14, 2018|url=https://www.legit.ng/1192224-nigerian-actress-temitope-solaja-acquires-acura-jeep-photos.html|accessdate=August 3, 2022}}</ref>Temitope Solaja nwa mbụ nne na nna ya bụ onye Sagamu na steeti Ogun .  Ozi nzere bachelọ na Mass Communication si Tai Solarin University of Education. == Ọrụ == <ref name="Bada 2015">{{Cite web|author=Bada|first=Gbenga|title=Watch Antar Laniyan, Biodun Okeowo, others in new Yoruba movie|work=Pulse Nigeria|date=May 30, 2015|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/aruga-watch-antar-laniyan-biodun-okeowo-others-in-new-yoruba-movie/gtm6x26|accessdate=August 3, 2022|archivedate=August 3, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220803113128/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/aruga-watch-antar-laniyan-biodun-okeowo-others-in-new-yoruba-movie/gtm6x26}}</ref>N'afọ 2008, Solaja ọrụ izizi ya na fim Bamitale .  Ihe nkiri a, Opolo nke Sola Akintunde Lagata mere gbara ya ka ọ pụta ìhè n'ihi ọrụ onye isi ya na 2009. [1] N'afọ 2015, o dere wee ihe nkiri nke ya ese Aruga nke osokwara ndị na-eme.  ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ dị ka Antar Laniyan, na Sunkanmi Omobolanle . == Ihe nrite na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" !Afọ ! Ihe nrite ! Otu ! arụ ọrụ ! Nsonaazụ ! Ref |- | 2015 | rowspan="2" | [[Best of Nollywood Awards|Ihe nrite Nollywood kacha mma]] | Onye na-akwado ihe nkiri kacha mma (Yoruba) | ''Bella''|{{Nom}} | <ref name="Lawal 2015">{{Cite web|author=Lawal|first=Fuad|title=See full list of winners|work=Pulse Nigeria|date=December 14, 2015|url=https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/best-of-nollywood-awards-2015-see-full-list-of-winners/ywx13ye|accessdate=August 3, 2022|archivedate=August 7, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807154159/http://www.pulse.ng/events/best-of-nollywood-awards-2015-see-full-list-of-winners-id4459200.html}}</ref> <ref name="Izuzu 2015">{{Cite web|author=Izuzu|first=Chibumga|title=Nse Ikpe-Etim, Stephanie Linus, Hilda Dokubo, Ini Edo, Iyabo Ojo battle for 'Best Actress'|work=Pulse Nigeria|date=October 26, 2015|url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bon-2015-nse-ikpe-etim-stephanie-linus-hilda-dokubo-ini-edo-iyabo-ojo-battle-for-best/pp0nste|accessdate=August 3, 2022|archivedate=August 3, 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220803103118/https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/bon-2015-nse-ikpe-etim-stephanie-linus-hilda-dokubo-ini-edo-iyabo-ojo-battle-for-best/pp0nste}}</ref> |- | 2017 | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị n'ọrụ na-eduga (Yoruba) | ''Ashabi Akata'' |{{Nom}} | |- |} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Solaja, Temitope}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] lwol7od8aqtvklq1znkpv6dwmp0a9gk 0 38502 729810 186310 2026-10-01T12:47:51Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Teniola Aladese {{Audio|Yo-Teniola Aladese.ogg|audio}} Listen (help·info) bụ onye Naijiria na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-ihe na onye ntụzi ihe nkedo . == Ndụ mbido == <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|author=Thomas-Odia|first=Ijeoma|date=2022-05-28|title=Teniola Aladese: As far back as SS2, I knew I wanted to act|url=https://guardian.ng/saturday-magazine/teniola-aladese-as-far-back-as-ss2-i-knew-i-wanted-to-act/|accessdate=2022-07-14|work=The Guardian Nigeria News|language=en-US}}</ref>Akwụkwọ ozi Aladese na Lagos State wee Mass Communication na Mahadum Ọgbụgba ndụ == Ọrụ == Aladese dịka onye nhazi na ihe nna 30 Africa Magic Original Films site na 2013 ruo 2015. [1] Ọ bata n'ọkwa mgbe ọ kpasịrị anya dị ka Akweyon na ' Jemeji ' nke ọ bụkwa onye njikwa ihe.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-22|title=I’ve a beautiful car but driving scares me to death– Teni Aladese|url=https://punchng.com/ive-a-beautiful-car-but-driving-scares-me-to-death-teni-aladese/|accessdate=2022-04-13|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> {{DEFAULTSORT:Aladese, Teniola}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] kv014cccx0uz5qrt8cy5dlub4fa6n31 0 38503 729811 723904 2026-10-01T12:51:29Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729811 wikitext text/x-wiki Teresa Oyibo Ameh bụ onye Naijiria na-ede akwụkwọ akwụkwọ nke ọrụ na Aunty Talatu Read Campaign </link> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (September 2018)">mkpa nkọwa</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thetornpetalmovie.com/biography/|title=The torn petal movie|work=www.thetornpetalmovie.com|language=en-US|accessdate=2018-05-06|archivedate=2018-05-07|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180507014943/https://www.thetornpetalmovie.com/biography/}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Ameh bụ nwa mbụ n'ezina ihe buru ibu, ọ akwụkwọ mmụta na mahadum Nigeria, Nsukka ebe ọ agụm Science Library na English. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/sunday/index.php/the-arts/13013-i-don-t-think-all-children-s-stories-must-have-morals-teresa-ameh|title=I don't think all children's stories must have morals —Teresa Ameh|author=Ibrahim|first=Abubakar Adam|date=May 12, 2013|work=Daily Trust|accessdate=May 6, 2018|archive-date=June 28, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628125028/https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/sunday/index.php/the-arts/13013-i-don-t-think-all-children-s-stories-must-have-morals-teresa-ameh|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Ameh edeela akwụkwọ asatọ maka ụmụaka <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.blueprint.ng/im-privileged-to-be-in-childrens-formative-life-ameh/|title=I'm privileged to be in children's formative life – Ameh|author=Adamu|first=Muhammed|date=September 20, 2016|work=Blueprint|accessdate=May 6, 2018}}</ref> ma ha gụnyere: == Ihe nrite == <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.blueprint.ng/children-writers-shouldnt-be-too-preachy-in-their-story-telling-ameh/|title=Children writers shouldn't be too preachy in their story-telling – Ameh|author=Adamu|first=Muhammed|date=December 20, 2016|work=Blueprint|accessdate=May 6, 2018}}</ref>Otu ndi otu ndi odee Naijiria nke Abuja Chapter kwanyere Ameh ugwu maka Nkwado o nyere na nka == Ntụaka == <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Ameh, Teresa Oyibo}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 7jnty96icuwn9rg2mjmle4k91srjvb5 0 38504 729812 153944 2026-10-01T12:53:59Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729812 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Theresa Bowyer bụbu onye nchịkọta ụmụ akwụkwọ Daily Times nke Nigeria . <ref>{{Cite news|title=Women's editor of africa is enchanting NY visitor|publisher=New York Amsterdam News|date=December 23, 1961}}</ref>Ọ bụ onye akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na London School of Journalism .  Bowyer akụkọ ọrụ na Daily Times na 1951, mgbe afọ abụọ gachara ọrụ, ọ bụghị onye nchịkọta akụkọ mbụ nke nchọpụta.  Na 1961, ọ gara na 8th US National Commission for UNESCO Conference na Boston.  Mgbe njedebe nke ogbako ahụ, ọ gara na Ngalaba Ụmụnna njem egwu obodo ndị America kpàra == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bowyer, Theresa}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ltljay8tyzbuzeh5g46ydpttovtj0t6 0 38505 729814 705504 2026-10-01T12:58:03Z Geraldine Kene 23189 729814 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} <ref name="L">{{Cite web|title=Celebrating Women’s History Month|url=https://leadership.ng/celebrating-womens-history-month/|accessdate=2023-03-02|work=leadership.ng|language=en-US}}</ref>Dr Tinuade Toyin Sanda (amuru August 6, 1979) bu onye ndu ndi isi azumahia ndi Naijiria, onye hibere EmHERging a ikpo okwu nkuzi na ugbua onye isi njikwa/onye isi ndi isi ulo oru Eko Electricity Distribution Company (EKEDC), ulo oru nkesa  kacha ibu na sub– African African. <ref name="T">{{Cite web|title=Tinuade Sanda: A woman with stellar output in legacy-building|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/tinuade-sanda-a-woman-with-stellar-output-in-legacy-building/|accessdate=2022-10-12|work=tribuneonlineng.com|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="dailytimesng.com">{{Cite web|title=Africa must harness women’s knowledge, skills and talent|url=https://dailytimesng.com/africa-must-harness-womens-knowledge-skills-and-talent-dr-tinuade-sanda/|accessdate=2023-01-02|work=dailytimesng.com|language=en-US}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://dailytimesng.com/africa-must-harness-womens-knowledge-skills-and-talent-dr-tinuade-sanda/ "Africa must harness women's knowledge, skills and talent"]. ''dailytimesng.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-02</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ndi Naijirias of Record nyere ya maka onyoonyo o nyere na ngalaba ọkụ Naijiria nakwa Africa Safety Award for Excellence (AfriSAFE). <ref name="D">{{Cite web|title=Celebrating Excellence and Achievements|url=https://dailytimesng.com/celebrating-excellence-and-achievements/|accessdate=2021-06-02|work=dailytimesng.com|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="dailytimesng.com"/> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Kola Adesina, Rabiu Suleiman Win Big at African Safety Award|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2022/12/02/kola-adesina-rabiu-suleiman-win-big-at-african-safety-award|accessdate=2023-12-02|work=thisdaylive.com|language=en-US}}</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == <ref>{{Cite web|title=Tinuade Sanda soars, Solanke hits 90|url=https://newtelegraphng.com/tinuade-sanda-soars-solanke-hits-90/|accessdate=2023-04-07|work=newtelegraphng.com|language=en-US}}</ref>Tinuade nzere nzere bachelọ na mahadum Obafemi Awolowo, Ile-Ife.  Ozi nzere Master na Business Administration pụrụ iche na Strategic Planning na Edinburgh Business School, Heriot-Watt University, Scotland, UK.  Na 2020, ICON University of Management Science & Technology, Benin Republic nyere ya Dọkịta nke Philosophy na Financial Management & Entrepreneurship <ref>{{Cite web|title=Eko Disco appoints Tinuade Sanda as its first female MD/CEO|url=https://businessday.ng/companies/article/eko-disco-appoints-tinuade-sanda-as-its-first-female-md-ceo/|accessdate=2022-03-30|work=businessday.ng|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=How Tinuade Became The First Female MD|url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/how-i-became-the-1st-female-md-of-eko-electricity-distribution-company/|accessdate=2023-02-01|work=citypeopleonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref>Tinuade Sanda bụ mbụ mbụ a dịka onye isi isi na ọmụmụ ihe mere eme nke ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ na Nigeria .  Ọ bụ ọrụ n'ime ụlọ akụ tupu ọ banye EKEDC na 2013, ọ bụ onye isi, ego na ụzọ na Vanguard Energy Resources.  O so na ndị otu butere nkeji EKO Disco. <ref>{{Cite web|title=My son asked why our home didn’t have a power supply despite heading DISCO|url=https://punchng.com/my-son-asked-why-our-home-didnt-have-power-supply-despite-heading-disco-dr-tinuade-sanda/|accessdate=2022-05-08|work=punchng.com|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=EKEDC driving corporate turnaround|url=https://businessday.ng/companies/article/ekedc-driving-corporate-turnaround/|accessdate=2023-03-31|work=businessday.ng|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Tinuade Sanda Becomes First Female MD Of Eko DisCo|url=https://insidebusiness.ng/182147/tinuade-sanda-becomes-first-female-md-of-eko-disco/|accessdate=2022-03-30|work=insidebusiness.ng|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Dr. Tinuade Sanda Joins Others at the launch of Kamala Harris led women in the sustainable economy (WISE) initiative|url=https://championnews.com.ng/dr-tinuade-sanda-joins-others-at-the-launch-of-kamala-harris-led-women-in-the-sustainable-economy-wise-initiative/|accessdate=2023-11-29|work=championnews.com.ng|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-11-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128235013/https://championnews.com.ng/dr-tinuade-sanda-joins-others-at-the-launch-of-kamala-harris-led-women-in-the-sustainable-economy-wise-initiative/}}</ref>N'afọ 2023, O nyere aka na nchịkọta akụkọ nke Nigeria kwa ụma nke nnwere onwe naira 16, mfu ATC & C kacha ala bụ 15.69% na ngalaba ọkụ [1] na nkwado maka ibipụta aka na ngalaba nkwado nke ụmụ anọ nọ na ya  otu ya.  Sustainable Economy (WISE), nke osote onye isi ala United States, Kamala Harris hibere, dị ka ụdị nke mbọ dị iche iche Biden-Harris iji kwalite 2023 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). <ref>{{Cite web|title=EKEDC Boss, Others Launch Women In Sustainable Economy Initiative|url=https://independent.ng/ekedc-boss-others-launch-women-in-sustainable-economy-initiative/|accessdate=2023-11-30|work=independent.ng|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name="S">{{Cite web|title=Major challenges in the power industry in Nigeria|url=https://sunnewsonline.com/major-challenges-in-the-power-industry-in-nigeria/|accessdate=2023-06-04|work=sunnewsonline.com|language=en-US}}</ref>Tinuade bụ onye so na kọmitii ikike maka Onye isi ala Federal Republic of Nigeria .  Ọ na-ekere òkè n'ahụ ọkụ ma onye so n'òtù ndị isi oche nke ndị na-ahụ maka ọkụ eletrik nke Association of Nigerian Electricity Distributors (ANED), bụ ebe echiche ya mere ka dị mma webatara na  usoro ego na usoro nke ndị ọrụ na ngalaba ọkụ elektrọn <ref name="EKEDC First Female Deputy CEO">{{Cite web|title=EKEDC First Female Deputy CEO|url=https://platformsafrica.com/2022/03/14/meet-dr-tinuade-sanda-ekedc-first-female-deputy-ceo/|accessdate=2022-03-14|work=platformsafrica.com|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-03-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220316131531/https://platformsafrica.com/2022/03/14/meet-dr-tinuade-sanda-ekedc-first-female-deputy-ceo/}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">. ''platformsafrica.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-14</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ọkachamara na otu == <ref>{{Cite web|title=Tinuade Sanda becomes first female MD of Eko DisCo|url=https://www.thecable.ng/tinuade-sanda-becomes-first-female-md-of-eko-disco/amp|accessdate=2022-03-30|work=thecable.ng|language=en-US}}</ref>Ọ bụ onye ibe nke Institute of Directors Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria, Institute of Credit Management Administration, Institute of Consulting and Institute of Professional Financial Managers, United Kingdom.  Ọ bụkwa osote onye otu Risk Management Association of Nigeria. <ref name="EKEDC First Female Deputy CEO"/> <ref name="P">{{Cite web|title=Top three African impactful women leaders|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2022/12/04/top-three-african-impactful-women-leaders/|accessdate=2022-12-04|work=pmnewsnigeria.com|language=en-US}}</ref> == Award na nnabata == <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Peak Performer Africa Summit hosts Maiden Edition to celebrate Outstanding Female Talents Across Africa|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2023/07/the-peak-performer-woman-of-the-year-2023/|accessdate=2022-11-25|work=bellanaija.com|language=en-US}}</ref>Ndi Naijiria Books of Record nyere ya nri, [1] Africa Safety Award for Excellence (AfriSAFE) dị ka CEO nke Afọ (2022) [2] na The Peak Performing (TPP) Award - CEO of the Year == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sanda, Tinuade}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] rbj0daamyrxsbcz14vblwx43wokt0fp 0 38506 729817 156073 2026-10-01T13:02:27Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729817 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Titi Horsfall bụ onye odee Naijiria.  [1] [2] [3] Ọ bụ onye nnata ihe nrite nke akwụkwọ ozi Africa sitere na African Achievers Awards. == Akụkọ ndụ == <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bentelevision.com/the-author-titi-horsfall-launched-books-in-london-to-global-acclaims/|title=Ben Television {{!}} Sky channel 175 {{!}} Breaking – Nigeria and World Top News. » The Author Titi Horsfall launched books in London to global acclaims|work=bentelevision.com|language=en-GB|accessdate=2019-08-19|archivedate=2016-04-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415125905/http://bentelevision.com/the-author-titi-horsfall-launched-books-in-london-to-global-acclaims/}}</ref>O nwere nzere bachelọ na aha, nna ukwu na ụlọ akụ na ego, yana MBA na nchekwa na gas sitere na Mahadum Robert Gordon, Aberdeen <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.londonbookfair.co.uk/Library/Interviews/5-minutes-with-Titi-Horsfall/|title=5 minutes with Titi Horsfall - The London Book Fair|date=2016-09-16|work=www.londonbookfair.co.uk|language=en|accessdate=2019-08-19}}</ref>Horsfall ihe nrite maka ihe nrite nke akwụkwọ ndị Africa sitere na onyunyo Africa Achievers na 2016. [1] [2] Ọ so na ndị odee mba ofesi na London Book Fair na 2016 == Ọrụ ahọpụtara == * ''Orphan to a Queen'', 2012 * ''Mmetụta nke Eze'', 2015 == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|30em}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Horsfall, Titi}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 92z16aogwzp15kq736h1mr08dajuzvw 0 38507 729818 156080 2026-10-01T13:04:14Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Tolulope Popoola bụ onye odee Naijiria bụ ihe e mere n'ịmụ akwụkwọ .  Edepụtala ihe odide ya na ihe ndị sitere na war ya n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ. == Ọrụ == Popoola ahụmahụ ide ihe n'afọ 2008, mgbe ọ ahụmahụ ọrụ ya na ụlọ ọrụ na-echere .  O dere akwụkwọ mbụ ya na 2009, mana o maka na ọ fast azụ mgbe ọ na-adịchara na ọ dabara nke ọma na nke Sarah Ladipo Manyika .  [1] Na 2012, akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ozi mbụ ya, Ọ dịghị ihe na-ahụ nso .  Edepụtara akwụkwọ a dị ka otu n'ime akwụkwọ kacha mma nke 2012 nke Africa Writers Club. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ng/books/flash-fiction-the-alibi-by-tolulope-popoola-id4390265.html|title='The Alibi' by Tolulope Popoola|date=November 24, 2015|work=Pulse|accessdate=2018-08-04|archivedate=2018-04-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180408053302/http://www.pulse.ng/books/flash-fiction-the-alibi-by-tolulope-popoola-id4390265.html}}</ref>Popoola bụkwa onye dere akwụkwọ ndị Fertile Imagination na ihe ihe .  Ọ bụ onye nchoputa na onye nchịkọta akwụkwọ Accomplish Press, ụlọ ọrụ na-akwụkwọ akwụkwọ nke o tumadi iji nabata akwụkwọ akwụkwọ "chọọ ifo akwụkwọ".  [1] Na 2015, Popoola dere obere okpukpe ifo, The Alibi, nke e na-agụ na Pulse.  Akụkọ bụ na mba iche dị n'etiti odibo na ahụ ụlọ ụlọ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/02/lancomes-recent-my-shade-my-power-beauty-campaign-features-47-diverse-but-powerful-women-including-10-africans-see-the-photos/|title=Lancome’s Recent "My Shade, My Power" Beauty Campaign features 47 Diverse & Powerful Women including 10 Africans!|date=February 27, 2017|work=Bellanaija|accessdate=2018-08-04}}</ref>N'afọ 2017, akpara Popoola otu n'ime ndị Afrịka iri na ndepụta Lancome nke ndị inyom Africa ejedebe ike na ndị dị iche iche. === Nkwenye === * 2012 New venture award from Women in Publishing UK - 2nd runnerup <ref name="dailytrust">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/bookshelf/why-i-quit-accounting-for-writing-publishing--tolulope-popoola/136611.html|title=Why I quit accounting for writing, publishing – Tolulope Popoola|author=bivan|first=Nathaniel|date=March 5, 2016|work=Dailytrust|accessdate=2018-08-04|archivedate=2016-04-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415132438/http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/bookshelf/why-i-quit-accounting-for-writing-publishing--tolulope-popoola/136611.html}}</ref> * Ihe nrite 2016 pụrụ iche nke kacha mma site n'aka Nigeria Writers Awards <ref name="dailytrust" /> * 2017 Onye ode akwukwo mba ofesi nke afo site na Nigeria Writers Awards <ref name="sun">{{Cite web|url=http://sunnewsonline.com/tolulope-popoola-i-used-myself-and-novel-as-experiment/|title=Tolulope Popoola: I used myself and novel as experiment|author=Babatunde|first=Olamide|date=May 13, 2017|work=Daily Sun|accessdate=2018-08-04}}</ref> * 2017 100 Ndị ode akwụkwọ Naijiria kacha nwee mmetụta n'okpuru 40 (depụtara) <ref name="sun" /> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Popoola, Tolulope}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Onye édémédé akwukwọ si-na Naigeria]] 9r2z58pnxrn53fu1s2ockv3ewz9lakb 0 38508 729820 195603 2026-10-01T13:07:15Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729820 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Toluwani Obayan Osibe bụ onye Naijiria na-ede ihe nlere anya, mara amara maka ide ihe nkiri dị ka Ponzi , nchọpụta a sere ndụ, na ihe dị ka ala edo .  [1] [2] [3] Ọ bụkwa onye nduzi nke obere ihe nkiri Heart & Might na onye dere akwụkwọ edemede Becoming A Spectacular Woman.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Obayan|first=Toluwani|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJ1TswEACAAJ|title=Becoming A Spectacular Woman|date=2018-02-02|publisher=Hedmee 0803 546 1993|isbn=978-978-963-902-1|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Becoming a Spectacular Woman by Toluwani Obayan {{!}} OkadaBooks|url=https://okadabooks.com/book/about/becoming_a_spectacular_woman/19137|accessdate=2022-07-16|work=okadabooks.com|archivedate=2022-07-16|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220716204337/https://okadabooks.com/book/about/becoming_a_spectacular_woman/19137}}</ref> {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" !Afọ ! Ihe nrite ! Otu ! Ọrụ ! Nsonaazụ ! Ref |- | 2022 | [[Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards|AMVCA]] | Onye ode akwụkwọ kacha mma (usoro ihe nkiri/ihe onyonyo) | ''[[This Lady Called Life|Nwanyị a kpọrọ ndụ]]''|{{Nom}} | <ref name="BBC News Pidgin 2022">{{Cite web|title=AMVCA: 2022 Africa Magic Awards Nominees don land- See who dey list - BBC News Pidgin|work=BBC News Pidgin|date=March 21, 2022|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-60818021|accessdate=July 16, 2022}}</ref> <ref name="Oyero 2022">{{Cite web|author=Oyero|first=Ezekiel|title=AMVCA 8: Organisers announce nominees in 33 categories|work=Premium Times Nigeria|date=March 20, 2022|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/518383-amvca-8-organisers-announce-nominees-in-33-categories.html|accessdate=November 17, 2022}}</ref> |- | 2020 | 2020 kacha mma nke Nollywood Awards | Egwuregwu enyo kacha mma | ''[[This Lady Called Life|Nwanyị a kpọrọ ndụ]]'' | {{Won}} | |- | 2019 | Ememme Nleta Nleta Mba Nile | Ihe nkiri Afrịka kacha mma | Jiri Tindel chọọ ụwa| {{Won}} | |} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Obayan, Toluwani}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 3kz1ivxr4ocvvgs5xxd5zpwlpu71n9n 0 38510 729824 704677 2026-10-01T13:13:46Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729824 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Jennifer Steyn''' (amụrụ 29 Ọktoba 1961), bụ onye omere South Africa. <ref name="APM"/> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-03-10|title=ACTOR FOCUS: Jennifer Steyn|url=http://48hours.co.za/2016/03/10/actor-focus-jennifer-steyn/|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=The Next 48hOURS|language=en-US|archivedate=16 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116164917/http://48hours.co.za/2016/03/10/actor-focus-jennifer-steyn/}}</ref> A maara ya nke ọma maka ọrụ na usoro ihe onyonyo dịka; ''Madam & Eve'', ''Obe Jekọb'' na ''dara'' . <ref name="ESAT"/> == Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ Steyn na 29 October 1961 na Cape Town, South Africa. Na 1983, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Cape Town (UCT) na nzere BA Performer's Diploma in Speech and Drama. <ref name="Steyn"/> <ref name="ESAT"/> == Ọrụ == Na 2000, ọ rụrụ ọrụ "Tillie de Wet" na ''Onder Draai die Duiwel Rond'' . Mgbe ahụ ọ pụtara na Serial ''Soul Buddyz'' na ọrụ Arlene. <ref name="ESAT">{{Cite web|title=Jennifer Steyn - ESAT|url=https://esat.sun.ac.za/index.php/Jennifer_Steyn|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=esat.sun.ac.za|archivedate=16 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116164919/https://esat.sun.ac.za/index.php/Jennifer_Steyn}}</ref> Na 2001, o sonyeere e.tv comedy satire ''Madam & Eve'' na ọrụ "Marge". <ref name="Steyn"/> Mgbe ama ama, ọ kwughachiri ọrụ ya na oge nke abụọ. N'afọ 2005, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na usoro telivishọn akụkọ ifo sayensị ''Charlie Jade'' na ọrụ "Andrea Bridger". Na 2006, o mere ọrụ "Bodine" na SABC3 comedy serial ''Shado's'' . <ref name="TVSA"/> Na 2007, ọ pụtara na e.tv egwuregwu ejije ''Shooting Stars'' na ọrụ nke "Marjorie Goldstein". N'afọ sochirinụ, o mere ọrụ nkwado ọzọ nke "Gloria" na oge nke atọ nke M-Net drama ''Jacob's Cross'' . <ref name="ESAT"/> Otu n'ime ọrụ ya bụ isi na telivishọn sitere na usoro ihe nkiri SABC1 na-atọ ọchị ''Abo Mzala'', bụ ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ nke "Mrs Fleming". <ref name="APM"/> Ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ ahụ ruo afọ atọ n'usoro ruo na njedebe nke oge nke atọ na 2018. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ nwetara ohere ịpụta na usoro ihe nkiri SABC1 ''Fallen'' na ọrụ "Deborah Churchill". <ref name="TVSA"/> <ref name="Steyn">{{Cite web|title=Jennifer Steyn - CPT|url=https://www.osmtalent.com/artist/jennifer-steyn/|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=Owen S Management|language=en-US|archivedate=27 January 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127225931/https://www.osmtalent.com/artist/jennifer-steyn/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-04-11|title=A Conversation with Jennifer Steyn|url=https://sarafinamagazine.com/2017/04/11/a-conversation-with-jennifer-steyn/|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=Sarafina Magazine|language=en|archivedate=9 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109183619/https://sarafinamagazine.com/2017/04/11/a-conversation-with-jennifer-steyn/}}</ref> Ewezuga ha, ọ pụtakwara n'ọtụtụ ihe onyonyo onyonyo na ncha dịka; ''Ọgwụgwụ nke okporo ụzọ'', ''Jozi Streets'', ''Ikpe ziri ezi maka mmadụ niile'', ''Jozi-H'', ''Ezinụlọ mmadụ'', ''Onye isi akwụkwọ'', ''nnukwu oge'', ''aka dị ọcha'' na ''ụda okike'' . <ref name="Steyn"/> Ka ọ dị ugbu a, o mere ọtụtụ ihe ngosi dị ịrịba ama na fim ndị dị n'ọtụtụ ụdị dị ka: ''Cry the Beloved Country'', ''Master Harold and the Boys'', ''Gums and Noses'', ''Goodbye Bafana'', ''Red Dust'', ''The Lovers'', ''Merlin: The Return'', ''Glory Glory'', ''Ọbara Dị Ọcha'', ''Borderline'', ''Duma'', ''Free Fall'', ''Windprints'', ''Zimbabwe'', ''Night Drive'' and ''Black Butterflies'' . <ref name="APM">{{Cite web|title=Jennifer Steyn: APM|url=https://www.apm.co.za/artiste/jennifer-steyn-125/|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=Artistes Personal Management|archivedate=16 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116164951/https://www.apm.co.za/artiste/jennifer-steyn-125/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Jennifer Steyn|url=https://afternoonexpress.co.za/guests/jennifer-steyn/2863|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=afternoonexpress.co.za|archivedate=2025-05-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513101919/https://afternoonexpress.co.za/guests/jennifer-steyn/2863}}</ref> Na 2005, o mere ihe nkiri Hollywood blockbuster njem ihe nkiri ''Duma'' nke Carroll Ballard duziri. Na 2007, a họpụtara Steyn maka onyinye ihe nkiri kacha mma maka ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri ''Goodbye Bafana'' na South African Film and Television Awards . (SAFTA). <ref name="TVSA">{{Cite web|title=Jennifer Steyn: TVSA|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=2016&sr=1|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=www.tvsa.co.za|archivedate=2024-03-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240310084109/https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=2016&sr=1}}</ref> <ref name="ESAT"/> E wezụga sinima na telivishọn, ọ rụrụ na South Africa ihe nkiri egwuregwu: ''The Fall of the Usher'', ''Under Milkwood'', ''Angels in America'', ''Anthony na Cleopatra'', ''Macbeth'', ''King Lear'', ''Nwanyị Na-esi nri Di Ya'', ''Old Boys'' na ''Green Mmadụ Ịkụ azụ̀'' . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Jennifer Steyn stars in Scenes from an Execution: Artsvark|url=https://artsvark.co.za/jennifer-steyn-stars-in-scenes-from-an-execution/|accessdate=2021-11-16|language=en-ZA|archivedate=16 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316051714/http://www.artsvark.co.za/jennifer-steyn-stars-in-scenes-from-an-execution/}}</ref> Maka ọrụ ya na egwuregwu ''Green Man Flashing'', a họpụtara ya maka Fleur du Cap maka Best Actress na emesịa maka onyinye Dalro. <ref name="ESAT"/> Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ nwetakwara Fleur du Cap award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma maka ọrụ ya na egwu telivishọn Britain ''Blue Remembered Hills'' . Dị ka onye na-ese ihe na-eme ụda olu, ọ na-enye olu ya maka ọtụtụ mgbasa ozi telivishọn maka ụdị; BMW, Akwụkwọ pụrụ iche, Landrover, Stuttafords, MTN, FNB, ndụ nnwere onwe, Staysoft, na Edgars. <ref name="TVSA"/> Na 2020, na Fleur de Cap, a họpụtara ya maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma maka ''ewu ma ọ bụ onye bụ Sylvia'' na onye na-akwado ihe nkiri kacha mma maka ''Aunty Merle ọ bụ Nwanyị'' . <ref name="Steyn"/> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ ! Ihe nkiri ! Ọrụ ! Ụdị ! Ref. |- | 1992 | ''Enweghị dike'' | Kim Curtis | Ihe nkiri | |- | rowspan="2" | 2000 | ''Onder Draai anwụ Duiwel Rond'' | Tillie de Wet | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | ''Mkpụrụ obi Buddyz'' | Arlene | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | 2001 | ''Madam & Eve'' | Marge | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | rowspan="2" | 2005 | ''Charlie Jade'' | Andrea Bridger | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | ''Haziri'' | Ọrụ ndị ọbịa | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | 2006 | ''Shado's'' | Bodine | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | 2007 | ''Kpakpando agbapụ'' | Marjorie Goldstein | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | 2008 | ''Obe Jekọb'' | Gloria | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | 2010 | ''Ihe gbasara ụlọ'' | Prof Edwards | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | rowspan="3" | 2011 | ''Abo Mzala'' | Oriakụ Fleming | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | ''dara'' | Deborah Churchill | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | ''Anụ ọhịa'' | Dọkịta na-awa ahụ / Dr Winters | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | 2021 | ''Mgbuchapụ Ndị Ụra Ụra'' | Kay Thorn | | |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [[imdbname:0829935|IMDb]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Steyn, Jennifer}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] tf59gkozd58c9xyupbm4a9yomri07l6 729825 729824 2026-10-01T13:14:48Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729825 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Jennifer Steyn''' (amụrụ 29 Ọktoba 1961), bụ onye omere South Africa. <ref name="APM"/> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-03-10|title=ACTOR FOCUS: Jennifer Steyn|url=http://48hours.co.za/2016/03/10/actor-focus-jennifer-steyn/|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=The Next 48hOURS|language=en-US|archivedate=16 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116164917/http://48hours.co.za/2016/03/10/actor-focus-jennifer-steyn/}}</ref> A maara ya nke ọma maka ọrụ na usoro ihe onyonyo dịka; ''Madam & Eve'', ''Obe Jekọb'' na ''dara'' . <ref name="ESAT"/> == Ndụ onwe onye == A mụrụ Steyn na 29 October 1961 na Cape Town, South Africa. Na 1983, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Cape Town (UCT) na nzere BA Performer's Diploma in Speech and Drama. <ref name="Steyn"/> <ref name="ESAT"/> == Ọrụ == Na 2000, ọ rụrụ ọrụ "Tillie de Wet" na ''Onder Draai die Duiwel Rond'' . Mgbe ahụ ọ pụtara na Serial ''Soul Buddyz'' na ọrụ Arlene. <ref name="ESAT">{{Cite web|title=Jennifer Steyn - ESAT|url=https://esat.sun.ac.za/index.php/Jennifer_Steyn|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=esat.sun.ac.za|archivedate=16 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116164919/https://esat.sun.ac.za/index.php/Jennifer_Steyn}}</ref> Na 2001, o sonyeere e.tv comedy satire ''Madam & Eve'' na ọrụ "Marge". <ref name="Steyn"/> Mgbe ama ama, ọ kwughachiri ọrụ ya na oge nke abụọ. N'afọ 2005, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na usoro telivishọn akụkọ ifo sayensị ''Charlie Jade'' na ọrụ "Andrea Bridger". Na 2006, o mere ọrụ "Bodine" na SABC3 comedy serial ''Shado's'' . <ref name="TVSA"/> Na 2007, ọ pụtara na e.tv egwuregwu ejije ''Shooting Stars'' na ọrụ nke "Marjorie Goldstein". N'afọ sochirinụ, o mere ọrụ nkwado ọzọ nke "Gloria" na oge nke atọ nke M-Net drama ''Jacob's Cross'' . <ref name="ESAT"/> Otu n'ime ọrụ ya bụ isi na telivishọn sitere na usoro ihe nkiri SABC1 na-atọ ọchị ''Abo Mzala'', bụ ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ nke "Mrs Fleming". <ref name="APM"/> Ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ ahụ ruo afọ atọ n'usoro ruo na njedebe nke oge nke atọ na 2018. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ nwetara ohere ịpụta na usoro ihe nkiri SABC1 ''Fallen'' na ọrụ "Deborah Churchill". <ref name="TVSA"/> <ref name="Steyn">{{Cite web|title=Jennifer Steyn - CPT|url=https://www.osmtalent.com/artist/jennifer-steyn/|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=Owen S Management|language=en-US|archivedate=27 January 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127225931/https://www.osmtalent.com/artist/jennifer-steyn/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-04-11|title=A Conversation with Jennifer Steyn|url=https://sarafinamagazine.com/2017/04/11/a-conversation-with-jennifer-steyn/|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=Sarafina Magazine|language=en|archivedate=9 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109183619/https://sarafinamagazine.com/2017/04/11/a-conversation-with-jennifer-steyn/}}</ref> Ewezuga ha, ọ pụtakwara n'ọtụtụ ihe onyonyo onyonyo na ncha dịka; ''Ọgwụgwụ nke okporo ụzọ'', ''Jozi Streets'', ''Ikpe ziri ezi maka mmadụ niile'', ''Jozi-H'', ''Ezinụlọ mmadụ'', ''Onye isi akwụkwọ'', ''nnukwu oge'', ''aka dị ọcha'' na ''ụda okike'' . <ref name="Steyn"/> Ka ọ dị ugbu a, o mere ọtụtụ ihe ngosi dị ịrịba ama na fim ndị dị n'ọtụtụ ụdị dị ka: ''Cry the Beloved Country'', ''Master Harold and the Boys'', ''Gums and Noses'', ''Goodbye Bafana'', ''Red Dust'', ''The Lovers'', ''Merlin: The Return'', ''Glory Glory'', ''Ọbara Dị Ọcha'', ''Borderline'', ''Duma'', ''Free Fall'', ''Windprints'', ''Zimbabwe'', ''Night Drive'' and ''Black Butterflies'' . <ref name="APM">{{Cite web|title=Jennifer Steyn: APM|url=https://www.apm.co.za/artiste/jennifer-steyn-125/|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=Artistes Personal Management|archivedate=16 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116164951/https://www.apm.co.za/artiste/jennifer-steyn-125/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Jennifer Steyn|url=https://afternoonexpress.co.za/guests/jennifer-steyn/2863|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=afternoonexpress.co.za|archivedate=2025-05-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250513101919/https://afternoonexpress.co.za/guests/jennifer-steyn/2863}}</ref> Na 2005, o mere ihe nkiri Hollywood blockbuster njem ihe nkiri ''Duma'' nke Carroll Ballard duziri. Na 2007, a họpụtara Steyn maka onyinye ihe nkiri kacha mma maka ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri ''Goodbye Bafana'' na South African Film and Television Awards . (SAFTA). <ref name="TVSA">{{Cite web|title=Jennifer Steyn: TVSA|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=2016&sr=1|accessdate=2021-11-16|work=www.tvsa.co.za|archivedate=2024-03-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240310084109/https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=2016&sr=1}}</ref> <ref name="ESAT"/> E wezụga sinima na telivishọn, ọ rụrụ na South Africa ihe nkiri egwuregwu: ''The Fall of the Usher'', ''Under Milkwood'', ''Angels in America'', ''Anthony na Cleopatra'', ''Macbeth'', ''King Lear'', ''Nwanyị Na-esi nri Di Ya'', ''Old Boys'' na ''Green Mmadụ Ịkụ azụ̀'' . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Jennifer Steyn stars in Scenes from an Execution: Artsvark|url=https://artsvark.co.za/jennifer-steyn-stars-in-scenes-from-an-execution/|accessdate=2021-11-16|language=en-ZA|archivedate=16 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316051714/http://www.artsvark.co.za/jennifer-steyn-stars-in-scenes-from-an-execution/}}</ref> Maka ọrụ ya na egwuregwu ''Green Man Flashing'', a họpụtara ya maka Fleur du Cap maka Best Actress na emesịa maka onyinye Dalro. <ref name="ESAT"/> Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ nwetakwara Fleur du Cap award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma maka ọrụ ya na egwu telivishọn Britain ''Blue Remembered Hills'' . Dị ka onye na-ese ihe na-eme ụda olu, ọ na-enye olu ya maka ọtụtụ mgbasa ozi telivishọn maka ụdị; BMW, Akwụkwọ pụrụ iche, Landrover, Stuttafords, MTN, FNB, ndụ nnwere onwe, Staysoft, na Edgars. <ref name="TVSA"/> Na 2020, na Fleur de Cap, a họpụtara ya maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma maka ''ewu ma ọ bụ onye bụ Sylvia'' na onye na-akwado ihe nkiri kacha mma maka ''Aunty Merle ọ bụ Nwanyị'' . <ref name="Steyn"/> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" !Afọ ! Ihe nkiri ! Ọrụ ! Ụdị ! Ref. |- | 1992 | ''Enweghị dike'' | Kim Curtis | Ihe nkiri | |- | rowspan="2" | 2000 | ''Onder Draai anwụ Duiwel Rond'' | Tillie de Wet | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | ''Mkpụrụ obi Buddyz'' | Arlene | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | 2001 | ''Madam & Eve'' | Marge | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | rowspan="2" | 2005 | ''Charlie Jade'' | Andrea Bridger | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | ''Haziri'' | Ọrụ ndị ọbịa | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | 2006 | ''Shado's'' | Bodine | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | 2007 | ''Kpakpando agbapụ'' | Marjorie Goldstein | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | 2008 | ''Obe Jekọb'' | Gloria | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | 2010 | ''Ihe gbasara ụlọ'' | Prof Edwards | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | rowspan="3" | 2011 | ''Abo Mzala'' | Oriakụ Fleming | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | ''dara'' | Deborah Churchill | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | ''Anụ ọhịa'' | Dọkịta na-awa ahụ / Dr Winters | Ihe nkiri Igwe onyonyo | |- | 2021 | ''Mgbuchapụ Ndị Ụra Ụra'' | Kay Thorn | | |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [[imdbname:0829935|IMDb]] {{DEFAULTSORT:Steyn, Jennifer}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 8n5bqwk3s0riwc3k73rq2pe7047ypq8 0 38513 729830 207805 2026-10-01T13:27:31Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729830 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Annelisa Dora Deborah Weiland''' (amụrụ 15 February 1949) bụ onye omere na onye edemede South Africa. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Bergh|first=Joanie|title=7de Laan star Annelisa Weiland lets us in on her new life in Cape Town|url=https://www.news24.com/you/celebs/local/7de-laan-star-annelisa-weiland-lets-us-in-on-her-new-life-in-cape-town-20210813|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=You|language=en-US}}</ref> A maara ya maka ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri ''Meerkat Maantuig'', ''Die Sonvreter'', ''Wild Maneuvres'' yana ọrụ ogologo oge ya na SABC2 soap opera ''7de Laan'' . {{Cite web|title=Annelisa Weiland: TVSA|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=1549|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=www.tvsa.co.za}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Bergh|first=Joanie|title=HG kuier by Annelisa van 'Suidooster' se huisie by die see|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/bekendes/hg-kuier-by-7de-laan-se-hilda-se-nuwe-huisie-by-die-see-20210730|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Huisgenoot|language=af-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Venter|first=Suzanne|title=Totsiens, Hartjies! Hilda groet ‘Laan’|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/netwerk24/kunste/tv/totsiens-hartjies-hilda-groet-laan-20190622|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Netwerk24|language=af-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Jager|first=Ischke de|title=’n Laaste dadelvinger, Hilda?|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/netwerk24/kunste/celebs/n-laaste-dadelvinger-hilda-20190621|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Netwerk24|language=af-ZA}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Weiland na Sea Point, Cape Town nye nne na nna Ewald Paul Weiland na Stienie Hoogenhout Goosen wee tolite na Durbanville . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-02-16|title=Annelisa Weiland aka Hilda from 7de Laan just turned 70|url=https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/sa-tv-film/annelisa-weiland-aka-hilda-from-7de-laan-just-turned-70/|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=The South African|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Nna ya si Bielefeld, Germany bịarutere South Africa mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na abụọ iji nyere aka tinye igwe akwa.{{Cite web|title=Annelisa Weiland - ESAT|url=https://esat.sun.ac.za/index.php/Annelisa_Weiland|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=esat.sun.ac.za}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Havenga|first=Franco|title=Hilda groet 7de Laan – kyk wat wink volgende vir haar|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/bekendes/hilda-groet-7de-laan-kyk-wat-wink-volgende-vir-haar-20190705|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Huisgenoot|language=af-ZA}}</ref> Weiland gara [[Hoërskool Durbanville]], na-agụ akwụkwọ na 1966, tupu ya agụchaa akara mmụta na ihe nkiri na Mahadum Cape Town . == Ọrụ == Na 1969, Weiland mere ihe nkiri izizi ya ''Nna'' . N'afọ 1970, ọ pụtara na ụdị ihe nkiri Dieter Reible nke Titus Andronicus na Ophelia na mmepụta nke ''Hamlet'' nke Robert Mohr mepụtara. <ref name="ESAT">{{Cite web|title=Annelisa Weiland - ESAT|url=https://esat.sun.ac.za/index.php/Annelisa_Weiland|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=esat.sun.ac.za}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://esat.sun.ac.za/index.php/Annelisa_Weiland "Annelisa Weiland - ESAT"]. ''esat.sun.ac.za''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Taylor|first=Jody-Lynn|title=Ontmoet die nuwe Benjamin Komoetie in Fiela se kind|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/vermaak/flieks/ontmoet-die-nuwe-benjamin-komoetie-in-fiela-se-kind-20190906|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Huisgenoot|language=af-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Hilda sluit aan by dié sepie, maar nóg TV-skuiwe wag|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/netwerk24/kunste/tv/hilda-sluit-aan-by-die-sepie-maar-nog-tv-skuiwe-wag-20190621|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Netwerk24|language=af-ZA}}</ref> N'afọ 1971, a họpụtara Weiland maka onye na-akwado ihe nkiri kacha mma maka ọrụ ya na ''Titus Andronicus'' na atọ Leaf Awards. Na 1973, ọ malitere ime ihe maka PACT. Na 1974, ọ ghọrọ onye na-adịgide adịgide na ụlọ ọrụ PACT Afrikaans TRUK. Ọ nọgidere na-arụkọ ọrụ na ha ruo 1977. Na 1978, ọ meriri Artes Award maka Best Actress maka ọrụ ya na fim ''Die Koster'' . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Retief|first=Hanlie|title=Hanlie Retief gesels met Annelisa Weiland|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/netwerk24/stemme/profiele/hanlie-retief-gesels-met-annelisa-weiland-20190714|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Netwerk24|language=af-ZA}}</ref> Na 1993, ọ meriri ihe nrite DALRO maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-akwado kacha mma na ogbo Afrikaans maka ''Mirakel'' . <ref name="ESAT">{{Cite web|title=Annelisa Weiland - ESAT|url=https://esat.sun.ac.za/index.php/Annelisa_Weiland|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=esat.sun.ac.za}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://esat.sun.ac.za/index.php/Annelisa_Weiland "Annelisa Weiland - ESAT"]. ''esat.sun.ac.za''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="TVSA">{{Cite web|title=Annelisa Weiland: TVSA|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=1549|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=www.tvsa.co.za}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=1549 "Annelisa Weiland: TVSA"]. ''www.tvsa.co.za''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Na 2000, o mere ihe ngosi telivishọn ya dị ka Hilda de Kock na opera ncha ''7de Laan'' . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Sepieskok: Dié karakter groet ‘7de Laan’|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/netwerk24/kunste/tv/sepieskok-die-karakter-groet-7de-laan-20190621|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Netwerk24|language=af-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-19|title=Nóg ʼn veteraan-aktrise verlaat die Laan|url=https://maroelamedia.co.za/vermaak/televisie/nog-n-veteraan-aktrise-verlaat-die-laan/|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Maroela Media|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Annelisa Weiland: 7de Laan se Hilda vier sewe dekades - rooi rose|url=https://www.rooirose.co.za/annelisa-weiland-7de-laan-se-hilda-vier-sewe-dekades/|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=www.rooirose.co.za}}</ref> Ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ ahụ ruo afọ 19 n'usoro ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 2019. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-21|title=Geliefde Hilda verlaat ‘7de Laan’|url=https://maroelamedia.co.za/vermaak/televisie/geliefde-hilda-verlaat-7de-laan/|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Maroela Media|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Dorfling|first=Cara-Lee|title=Sedoos waai Hilda en Tiaan al die pad na Ruiterbosch|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/netwerk24/kunste/tv/sedoos-waai-hilda-en-tiaan-al-die-pad-na-ruiterbosch-20191117|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Netwerk24|language=af-ZA}}</ref> Na 2014, o meriri Tempo Award maka onye na-eme ihe nkiri ncha kacha mma nke afọ maka ọrụ ya na ''7de Laan'' . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Taylor|first=Jody-Lynn|title=7de Laan se Hilda nou in Suidooster: ‘Ek’s gelukkig in die Kaap’|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/vermaak/tv/7de-laan-se-hilda-nou-in-suidooster-eks-gelukkig-in-die-kaap-20191118|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Huisgenoot|language=af-ZA}}</ref> <ref name="TVSA">{{Cite web|title=Annelisa Weiland: TVSA|url=https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=1549|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=www.tvsa.co.za}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.tvsa.co.za/actors/viewactor.aspx?actorid=1549 "Annelisa Weiland: TVSA"]. ''www.tvsa.co.za''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Weiland emela olu olu na ọrụ ntụgharị asụsụ. <ref name="ESAT">{{Cite web|title=Annelisa Weiland - ESAT|url=https://esat.sun.ac.za/index.php/Annelisa_Weiland|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=esat.sun.ac.za}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://esat.sun.ac.za/index.php/Annelisa_Weiland "Annelisa Weiland - ESAT"]. ''esat.sun.ac.za''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite></ref> Na telivishọn, ọ pụtakwara dị ka Paddy van Heerden na ''Die Vierde Kabinet'', Cornelia na ''Elke Skewe Pot'', Annetjie na ''Lui Maar Op, Belinda'', Meemee na ''Mense Mense'', Katharina Vosloo na ''Suidooster'' na Priscilla na ''Triptiek'' . <ref>{{Cite web|author=Cordom|first=Leo|title=KYK: Dit gons oor 'antie Kate' se blaps in 'Suidooster'|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/vermaak/tv/kyk-dit-gons-oor-antie-kate-se-blaps-in-suidooster-20210107|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Huisgenoot|language=af-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Taylor|first=Jody-Lynn|title=Eers 7de Laan, nou Suidooster: Annelisa Weiland praat oor nuwe avontuur|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/bekendes/eers-7de-laan-nou-suidooster-annelisa-weiland-praat-oor-nuwe-avontuur-20191213|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Huisgenoot|language=af-ZA}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Havenga|first=Franco|title=Hilda roep 7de Laan vaarwel: ‘Ek kan dit nie indink nie,’ sê Matrone|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/vermaak/tv/hilda-roep-7de-laan-vaarwel-ek-kan-dit-nie-indink-nie-se-matrone-20190621|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Huisgenoot|language=af-ZA}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Weiland nwere mmekọrịta afọ asaa na onye isi Ken Leach. <ref>{{Cite web|author=staff|date=2021-01-26|title=Annelisa Weiland: the veteran who was on the set of Generation: the legacy for almost two decades|url=https://edline.co.za/annelisa-weiland-the-veteran-who-was-on-the-set-of-generation-the-legacy-for-almost-two-decades/|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Edline|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Michaels|first=Ross|title=Wie’s die sexy jong lat in Lui Maar Op, Belinda?|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/huisgenoot/vermaak/tv/wies-die-jong-lat-in-lui-maar-op-belinda-20190712|accessdate=2021-10-16|work=Huisgenoot|language=af-ZA}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Film !Role !Genre !Ref. |- |1973 |''Die Sonvreter'' | |Film | |- |1974 |''Babbelkous'' |Grietjie Roos |Film | |- |1976 |''Daar Kom Tant Alie'' |Mary-Jo |Film | |- |1976 |''Liesbeth Slaap Uit'' |Katie Bronkhorst |TV movie | |- |1976 |''Dokter, Dokter'' | |TV series | |- |1978 |''Die Koster'' |Andriena du Toit |TV movie | |- |1978 |''Drama Drama'' | |TV series | |- |1979 |''99 Caroline Street'' |Cathy Boswell |TV series | |- |1979 |''Plekkie in die son'' |Bettie |Film | |- |1979 |''40 Days'' |Mandy |Film | |- |1980 |''Skelms'' |Gloria |Film | |- |1980 |''Meulenhof se mense'' |Nellie Vermeulen |TV mini series | |- |1981 |''Ntunzini-Spa'' | |TV series | |- |1981 |''Die Avonture van Joachim Verwey'' | |TV series | |- |1981 |''The Memorandum'' |Maria |TV movie | |- |1982 |''Die dame met die kamelias'' |Olympe |TV movie | |- |1982 |''Sterretjie'' |Grietjie |TV movie | |- |1983 |''Die kersietuin'' |Varya |TV movie | |- |1983 |''Funny People 2'' |Woman conducting survey |Film | |- |1983 |''Hamlet: Prince of Denmark'' |Ophelia |TV movie | |- |1984 |''Juffrou Julia'' |Julie |TV movie | |- |1984 |''Drie Susters'' |Irina |TV movie | |- |1985 |''Wild Maneuvres'' |Party Guest |Film | |- |1986 |''Doffel Babbel en Bekkie'' |Bekkie (voice) |TV series | |- |1986 |''Señor Smith'' |Pinky |TV series | |- |1988 |''Huisjakker'' |Daphné Dreyer |TV series | |- |1988 |''Dot en Kie'' |Annie Malan, Writer |TV series | |- |1989 |''Saartjie'' |Betsie |TV series | |- |1993 |''Glaskasteel'' |Klaradyn Benaki |TV series | |- |1994 |''Torings'' |Rachel de Beer |TV series | |- |1997 |''Triptiek II'' |Priscilla de Haarhof |TV series | |- |1998 |''Die Vierde Kabinet'' |Paddy van Heerden |TV movie | |- |1999 |''Iemand om lief te hê'' |Ouma Viljee |TV series | |- |2000-19 |''7de Laan'' |Hilda de Kock van Zyl |TV series | |- |2015 |''n Pawpaw Vir My Darling'' |Mignon (voice) |Film | |- |2017 |''Meerkat Maantuig'' |Skinder Tannie 4 |Film | |- |2018 |''Susters'' |Martie |Film | |- |2018 |''Elke Skewe Pot 2'' |Cornelia |TV series | |- |2019 |''Lui maar op, Belinda'' |Annetjie Nel |TV series | |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|1422172}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Weiland, Annelisa}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 1v8p4l3maz9bk936sb33jgs8bov7847 0 38517 729828 595334 2026-10-01T13:23:37Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729828 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Crystal-Donna Roberts''' (amụrụ 13 Ọktoba 1984 wee nwụọ na Machị 6, 2025) bụ onye omere South Africa, onye ngosi na onye ode akwụkwọ. A maara ya nke ọma maka ọrụ ya na fim ''The Endless River'' (2015) na ''Krotoa'' (2017). <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.news24.com/w24/style/fashion/red-carpet/exclusive-is-this-south-africa-actress-the-next-big-thing-20180514|title=Is this South African actress the next big thing?|journal=W24|first=Marisa|author=Crous|date=14 May 2018|accessdate=22 November 2021}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == Roberts nọrọ n'oge ọ bụ nwata na [[Cape Town]], bi na Bonteheuwel, Kensington, na Factreton. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Bloemfontein . Ọ gara n'ihu gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Bachelor of Arts na Drama na Ụlọ ihe nkiri na Mahadum nke Free State na 2005. Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, ọ laghachiri na Cape Town ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ nwa oge dị ka onye nkuzi ihe nkiri ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị tupu ọ malite ịrụ ọrụ dịka ọrụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jgf.org.za/names-of-the-candidates-of-the-prestigious-mentorship-programme-for-emerging-authors-in-2021-revealed/|title=Names of the candidates of the prestigious mentorship programme for emerging authors in 2021 revealed|work=The Jakes Gerwel Foundation|date=18 November 2020|accessdate=22 November 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ufs.ac.za/docs/librariesprovider27/alumni-of-the-year-documents/2017_aty_ebooklet.pdf?sfvrsn=a322d221_2|title=35th Chancellor's Distinguished Alumni Awards Dinner|work=University of the Free State|date=26 August 2017|accessdate=22 November 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hn9.co.za/blogs/categories/8/614|title=Talented On & Off Screen - Crystal Donna Roberts|work=Hectic 99|accessdate=23 November 2021|archivedate=9 March 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240309163127/https://www.hn9.co.za/blogs/categories/8/614}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" | Ihe ndetu |- | 2010 | ''Ihe omume na-enweghị atụ nke Hanna Hoekom'' | Sharon | |- | 2011 | ''Onye Consul Italian'' | Meri | |- | 2011 | ''Skeem'' | Pel | |- | 2012 | ''Ihe ndekọ'' | Samanta | |- | 2015 | ''Osimiri na-adịghị agwụ agwụ'' | Obere Solomons | <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/cape-argus/20160701/282338269186925|title=Crystal Donna Roberts debuts in a lead role|journal=Cape Argus|first=Alaina|author=Reed Hall|date=1 July 2016|accessdate=22 November 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/kuier/20151021/281895887080263|title=Crystal-Donna vlieg hoog!|journal=Kuier|date=21 October 2015|accessdate=23 November 2021|language=af}}</ref> |- | 2016 | ''Tussen dị ka en hoop'' | Olivia | |- | 2017 | ''Krotoa'' | Krotoa | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.edbook.co.za/safta-winner-shares-her-excitement-about-travelling-to-the-cannes/|title=SAFTA winner shares her excitement about travelling to the Cannes.|work=EdBook|first=Sinethemba|author=April|date=21 May 2018|accessdate=22 November 2021|archivedate=23 November 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123064439/https://www.edbook.co.za/safta-winner-shares-her-excitement-about-travelling-to-the-cannes/}}</ref> |- | 2017 | ''Nọmba ahụ'' | Bridget | |- | 2018 | ''Albertinia anyị'' | Ebe Abrahams | Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- | 2018 | ''Benjamin'' | Chantelle Septemba | Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |- | 2019 | ''Liewe Lisa'' | Lara | |- | 2019 | ''Griekwastad'' | Tracey | |- |} === Igwe onyonyo === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" | Ihe ndetu |- | 2009 | ''Montana'' | Bijou | Oge 1 |- | 2010-2014 | ''Vallei van Sluiers'' | Charmaine Willemse | Isi ọrụ |- | 2012 | ''Vloeksteen'' | Ina Uys | Oge 1 |- | 2013 | ''anwụ Boland Moorde'' | Elmarie | Oge 1 |- | 2016 | ''anwụ Byl'' | Evelyn | Oge 1 |- | 2008 | ''Mense Mense'' | Liesel Klein | Isi ọrụ |- | 2018 | ''Ọmarịcha mbipụta'' ( Afrikaans </link> ) | Thandi | Isi ọrụ (oge 1) |- | 2018 - dị ugbu a | ''Arendsvlei'' | Janice Cupido | Isi ọrụ |- | 2019 | ''anwụ Spreeus'' | Jenny | Ihe omume: "Shaun Vink" |- | 2020 | ''Projek Dina'' | Bonita | |- | 2020 | ''Kompleks'' | Lucy | Ihe omume 1 |- | 2021 - dị ugbu a | ''Swartwater'' | Ava Ibrahim | Oge nke atọ– |- |} === Ogbo === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" | Ihe ndetu |- | 2009 | ''Romeo & Juliet: Ewepụghị ya'' | Juliet | Ụlọ ihe nkiri Artscape, Cape Town <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.pressreader.com/south-africa/cape-times/20090224/282587373881387|title=Cape Flats twang for Juliet|journal=Cape Times|date=24 February 2009|accessdate=23 November 2021}}</ref> |- | 2013 | ''Bidsprinkaan'' | Katryn | Klein Karoo Nasionale Kunstefees, Oudtshoorn <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/whats-on/theatre-fests-aim-to-spoil-you-1484867|title=Theatre fests aim to spoil you|journal=IOL|first=Adrienne|author=Sichel|date=12 March 2013|accessdate=23 November 2021}}</ref> |- | 2014 | ''Rondomskrik'' | Dị iche iche | Ebe ihe nkiri Baxter, Cape Town <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/south-africa/article/Rachelle-Greeffs-RONDOMSKRIK-Opens-at-the-Baxter-Theatre-20141105|title=Rachelle Greeff's RONDOMSKRIK Opens at the Baxter Theatre|work=BroadwayWorld|first=David|author=Fick|date=5 November 2014|accessdate=23 November 2021}}</ref> |- | 2015 | ''Siener na anwụ Suburbs'' | Tiemie | Aardklop, ụlọ mposi |- |} == Ihe nrite na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" !Afọ ! Ihe nrite ! Otu ! Ọrụ ! Nsonaazụ ! Ref |- | 2015 | Ememme Nkiri International Venice | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma | ''Osimiri na-adịghị agwụ agwụ''| {{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brandsouthafrica.com/people-culture/arts-culture/south_african_film_nominated-300715|title=South African film actress nominated for Venice Fest awards|work=Brand South Africa|date=30 July 2015|accessdate=23 November 2021|archivedate=18 October 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018042841/https://www.brandsouthafrica.com/people-culture/arts-culture/south_african_film_nominated-300715}}</ref> <ref>"First South African Film Selected for Venice Film Festival". </ref> |- | 2018 | rowspan="3" | Ihe nkiri South Africa na ihe onyonyo onyonyo | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma - ihe nkiri | ''Krotoa''| {{Won}} |<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.news24.com/truelove/archive/mccafe-congratulate-nakhane-toure-and-crystal-donna-roberts-for-their-wins-at-the-saftas12-20180326|title=McCafé congratulates Nakhane Touré and Crystal-Donna Roberts for their wins at the SAFTAs12|journal=True Love|first=Amanda|author=Ndlangisa|date=26 March 2018|accessdate=23 November 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.glamour.co.za/celebrity-news/saftas-2018-the-full-list-of-winners-17320502|title=SAFTA's 2018: The full list of winners|journal=Glamour|first=Megan|author=van Eck|date=26 March 2018|accessdate=23 November 2021}}</ref> |- | 2020 | rowspan="2" | Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma - Telenovela | rowspan="2" | ''Arendsvlei''| {{Nom}} |<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/tshisa-live/tshisa-live/2020-08-27-sa-actors-excited-about-royal-soapie-awards--heres-the-full-list/|title=SA actors excited about Royal Soapie Awards — here's the full list|journal=Times Live|first=Chrizelda|author=Kekana|date=27 August 2020|accessdate=12 October 2021}}</ref> |- | 2021| {{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://themediaonline.co.za/2021/05/awards-wrap-all-the-safta-nominees-viacomcbs-scoops-11-nominations-winners-of-the-6th-pan-african-reinsurance-journalism-awards/|title=Awards Wrap: All the SAFTA nominees, ViacomCBS scoops 11 nominations, winners of the 6th pan-African (re)insurance journalism awards|work=The Media Online|date=4 May 2021|accessdate=12 October 2021}}</ref> |- |} == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|3997616}} * Crystal-Donna Roberts at TVSA {{DEFAULTSORT:Roberts, Crystal-Donna}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] favt5vph36t8c09b82gryylqryffws2 0 38518 729826 701057 2026-10-01T13:16:44Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729826 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Frances Claire Sholto-Douglas''' (amụrụ 16 Mee 1996) bụ onye omere South Africa. Ihe nkiri ya gụnyere ''[[Samson (ihe nkiri nke 2018)|Samson]]'' (2018), ''Kissing Booth'' trilogy (2018 – 2021), na ''Slumber Party Massacre'' (2021). Na telivishọn, amaara ya maka ọrụ ya na fim ''Dating Game Killer'' (2017) na usoro Netflix ''Fatal Seduction'' (2023). == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Sholto-Douglas na [[Cape Town]] . O nwere nwanne nwanyị Elsie. <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://newscenemagazine.com/2023/10/frances-sholto-douglas-reveals-her-dream-co-star-and-talks-about-new-netflix-role/|title=Frances Sholto-Douglas reveals her dream co-star and talks about her new Netflix role|journal=New Scene Magazine|author=Trina Hannah|date=21 October 2023|accessdate=13 December 2023}}</ref> Sholto-Douglas zụrụ azụ n'ime egwuregwu na ịgba egwu na Cape Academy of Performing Arts tupu ọ gụchaa na Mahadum Cape Town na akara mmụta na Ụlọ ihe nkiri na Ịrụ Ọrụ. <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.thesouthafrican.com/lifestyle/frances-sholto-douglas-kissing-booth-2/|title=SA actress Frances Sholto-Douglas talks 'The Kissing Booth 2'|journal=The South African|first=Erene|author=Roux|date=23 July 2020|accessdate=9 June 2022}}</ref> == Ọrụ == Sholto-Douglas gbara Lori Carter na ihe nkiri telivishọn 2017 ''Dating Game Killer'' . N'afọ sochirinụ, o mere mpụta ihe nkiri ihe ngosi ya na ọrụ dị ka Taren na ''[[Samson (ihe nkiri nke 2018)|Samson]]'' <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://closeupculture.com/2018/01/12/close-up-an-interview-with-frances-sholto-douglas/|title=Close-up: An Interview with Frances Sholto-Douglas|work=Close-Up Culture|first=James|author=Prestridge|date=12 January 2018|accessdate=9 June 2022}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.brucedennill.co.za/film-interview-frances-sholto-douglas-kissing-connections-or-the-thrill-of-the-space/|title=Film Interview: Frances Sholto-Douglas – Kissing Connections, Or The Thrill Of The Space|work=Participate|first=Bruce|author=Dennil|date=17 September 2020|accessdate=9 June 2022|archivedate=28 October 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028171614/https://www.brucedennill.co.za/film-interview-frances-sholto-douglas-kissing-connections-or-the-thrill-of-the-space/}}</ref> na Vivian na ihe nkiri Netflix afọ iri na ụma ''The Kissing Booth'', nke ikpeazụ nke ọ nyochara na 2016. <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.thehouseofpop.co.za/five-minutes-with-the-kissing-booths-frances-sholto-douglas/|title=Five minutes with The Kissing Booth's Frances Sholto-Douglas|journal=House of Pop|first=El|author=Broide|date=25 August 2020|accessdate=9 June 2022}}</ref> Ọ ga-eweghachi ọrụ ya dị ka Vivian na usoro ''Kissing Booth'' na 2020 na 2021 n'otu n'otu. Ọ pụtakwara na BBC na Netflix miniseries ''Troy: Fall of a City'' na ''Black Mirror'' ihe omume " Rachel, Jack na Ashley Too ". </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> Na 2021, Sholto-Douglas pụtara na ''Slumber Party Massacre'' remake dị ka Maeve. <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://deadline.com/2021/04/slumber-party-massacre-new-movie-syfy-shout-studios-1234732483/|title='Slumber Party Massacre' Redo From Shout! Studios Scares Up Home At Syfy|journal=Deadline|first=Patrick|author=Hipes|date=13 April 2021|accessdate=21 October 2023}}</ref> Ọ gbara megide Bianca Oosthuizen na mmepụta ihe nkiri ihe nkiri nke egwu ''Earworm'' . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thecaperobyn.co.za/on-stage-the-hit-play-earworm-returns-to-theatre-arts-april-2022/|title=On stage: The hit play, Earworm, returns to Theatre Arts, April 2022|work=The Cape Robyn|first=Robyn|author=Cohen|date=7 April 2022|accessdate=21 October 2023}}</ref> Na 2023, ọ gbara egwu dị ka Laura n'akụkụ Ngele Ramulondi na usoro 2023 ''Fatal Seduction'', dịkwa na Netflix. <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.bona.co.za/entertainment/get-to-know-fatal-seductions-ngele-ramulondi-and-frances-sholto-douglas/|title=Get to know Fatal Seduction's Ngele Ramulondi and Frances Sholto-Douglas|journal=Bona|first=Jade|author=Rhode|date=2023|accessdate=20 August 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.glamour.co.za/lifestyle/meet-the-leading-ladies-of-netflixs-steamy-new-series-fatal-seduction-038155de-e412-4cfb-94be-f3e2c2ae2ba2|title=Meet the leading ladies of Netflix's steamy new series, Fatal Seduction|journal=Glamour|first=Farah|author=Khalfe|date=7 July 2023|accessdate=20 August 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.iol.co.za/sunday-tribune/entertainment/why-fatal-seduction-was-such-a-big-deal-for-newcomers-ngele-ramulondi-and-frances-sholto-douglas-edffc51f-8b7d-4569-ab3d-3090651f8e46|title=Why 'Fatal Seduction' was such a big deal for newcomers Ngele Ramulondi and Frances Sholto-Douglas|journal=IOL|first=Debashine|author=Thangevelo|date=21 August 2023|accessdate=21 October 2023}}</ref> Ọ pụtakwara na ''Delela'' na Baxter Theatre Center . <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2023-09-12-delela-a-play-that-holds-a-mirror-to-our-society-in-a-most-hilarious-and-brutal-fashion/|title=Delela — a play that holds a mirror to our society in a most hilarious and brutal fashion|journal=Daily Maverick|first=Keith|author=Bain|date=12 September 2023|accessdate=21 October 2023}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ ! Ihe ndetu |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 | ''[[Samson (ihe nkiri nke 2018)|Samson]]'' | Taren | |- | ''Ụlọ nsusu ọnụ'' | rowspan="3" | Vivian | rowspan="3" | Ihe nkiri Netflix |- | 2020 | ''Ụlọ nsusu ọnụ 2'' |- | rowspan="2" | 2021 | ''Ụlọ nsusu ọnụ 3'' |- | ''Mgbuchapụ Ndị Ụra Ụra'' | Maeve | |- | 2023 | ''Nwa nwoke na-egbu ụwa'' | Megan | |- | TBA | ''Ugbu a Jeffrey'' | Shireen | |- |} === Igwe onyonyo === {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ ! Ihe ndetu |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 | ''Onweghi nwoke Hapuru Azu'' | Onye nnabata | Ihe omume: "Colombia Vice" |- | ''Instinct Killer na Chris Hansen'' | Sarah Krombach | Ihe omume: "Gbuo ma ọ bụ Gbuo" |- | rowspan="2" | 2017 | ''Ọbara mbanye'' | Nwa agbọghọ | Ihe ngosi 2 |- | ''Egwu egwuregwu mkpakọrịta nwoke na nwaanyị'' | Lori Carter | Ihe nkiri onyonyo |- | rowspan="2" | 2018 | ''Troy: Ọdịda nke Obodo'' | Nwanyị aka | Akụkụ 3 |- | ''Usoro nke Dragọn ahụ'' | Chiara Rostov | Ihe nkiri onyonyo |- | 2019 | ''Ojii mirror'' | Carmen | Ihe omume: " Rachel, Jack na Ashley Too " |- | 2021 | ''Too'' | Melissa | Ihe ngosi 4 |- | 2023 | ''Seduction egbu egbu'' | Laura | Isi ọrụ |- | TBA | ''Ụzọ Mkpughe'' | Keira | ''Na-abịa'' |- |} == Ogbo == {| class="wikitable unsortable" !Afọ ! Aha ! Ọrụ ! Ihe ndetu |- | 2021–2022 | ''Earworm'' | | Ụlọ ihe nkiri, Cape Town |- | 2023 | ''Dela'' | | Ụlọ ihe nkiri Baxter, Cape Town |- |} == Edensibia == ''[[Osimiri Na-adịghị agwụ agwụ (ihe nkiri)|T]]''{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|7729639}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sholto-Douglas, frances}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 7jt69vhbshz9b3sygn0xtbf8p8qq6g4 0 38519 729822 153980 2026-10-01T13:12:04Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jenny Runacre''' (amuru 18 August 1946) bu onye omekorita South Africa. Ihe onyonyo ya gụnyere ''The Passenger'' (1975), ''The Duellists'' (1977), ''Jubilee'' (1978), ''The Lady Vanishes'' (1979), na ''The Witches'' (1990). == Ọrụ == A mụrụ Runacre na [[Cape Town]], South Africa . Ọ kwagara [[London]] mgbe ọ bụ nwata, gara Ụlọ Ọrụ Ndị Na-eme Ihe nkiri n'ebe ahụ, ma zụọ ya na Stanislavski System . Mgbe ọ na-aga Ụlọ Ọrụ Ndị Na-eme Ihe nkiri, Runacre bịakwutere nwa akwụkwọ ibe ya (na onye na-eme n'ọdịnihu) Tom Busby, bụ onye na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-agba ọsọ maka mmepụta ihe nkiri America nke na-achọ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Bekee ka ha na-egwu megide John Cassavetes na ''Di'', ihe nkiri ga-abụ. gbara afọ na-eso na London. Onye na-eto eto na-eme ihe nkiri gbara akwụkwọ na Cassavetes, Ben Gazzara na Peter Falk, ma gwa ya ka izu isii gachara na a na-enye ya akụkụ nke Mary Tynan na fim ahụ. Runacre nakweere onyinye ahụ na ''ndị di'' ghọrọ ọrụ mbụ dị mkpa na fim ya. Runacre wee sonye na ihe nkedo London mbụ nke ''Oh!'' ''Calcutta!'' . Runacre hapụrụ ihe nkedo mgbe otu afọ gachara wee mee ihe nkiri dị ka Pier Paolo Pasolini 's ''The Canterbury Tales'', John Huston 's ''The Mackintosh Man'', Robert Fuest 's ''The Final Program'', Michelangelo Antonioni 's ''The Passenger'', na Derek Jarman 's ''Jubilee'', nke ọ gbara egwu dị ka Elizabeth I na "Bod". Ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ụlọ ihe nkiri yana na telivishọn Britain, gụnyere ihe ngosi dị ka onye na-ese ihe nka na ihe omume ''Lovejoy'' yana ịkpọ Brenda onye mmeri na usoro ama ama ''Brideshead Revisited'' . Runacre lekwasịrị anya na agụmakwụkwọ ka elu na 1990s. O nwere Master's in Fine Art Practice si Central Saint Martin's College of Art and Design . Ugbu a ọ bụ onye nkuzi na ebe obibi na nka, ma rụọ ọrụ na nka nrụnye na ihe onyonyo nnwale. Na 2007, Runacre na-eduzi Gareth Parker na Andrew Swann's ''Frozen'', bụ nke a họpụtara maka ntụziaka kacha mma, ederede kacha mma na mmepụta ihe kachasị mma na Ememme Ụlọ ihe nkiri LOST. Ọ duruzikwa mmegharị ọdịyo nke ụlọ ọrụ ikuku ikuku nke ''Frozen'' ka ọ gbasịrị ọsọ nke ọma nke ọma, na-egosipụta ihe nkedo mbụ. Na 2008, o mere Edinburgh Fringe ya na mpụta izizi ya na ''Gullibility Factor'' nke Peter Yates dere. Na 2008, Runacre pụtara na John Maybury's ''Edge of Love'' (2008) wee mee ya dị ka Alice na Volcano Theater Company's National tour of ''Alice in Wonderland'' . <ref>[http://www.wirelesstheatrecompany.co.uk/actors/jenny-runacre/ Jenny Runacre's acting profile] on the [[Wireless Theatre Company]] website</ref> == Filmografii ahọpụtara == * ''Daalụ, Maazị Chips'' (1969) * ''Di'' (1970) - Mary Tynan * ''Akụkọ Canterbury'' (1972) - Alison * ''Anụ ahụ na-akpụ akpụ'' (1973) - nwunye Emmanuel * ''Nwoke Mackintosh'' (1973) - Gerda * ''Mmemme ikpeazụ'' (1973) - Miss Brunner * ''Nwa Dracula'' (1974) - Nwanyị na nwa * ''Ihe niile e kere eke dị ukwuu na obere'' (1975) - Pamela * ''Onye njem'' (1975) - Rachel * ''Joseph Andrews'' (1977) - Gypsy * ''Specter'' (1977) - Sydna * ''Ndị Duellists'' (1977) - Mme. de Lionne * ''Ụmụ nwanyị atọ dị ize ndụ'' (1977) - Oriakụ Santander (akụkụ "The Island") * ''Jubili'' (1978) - Queen Elizabeth I / Bod * Ihe omume ''Sweeney'' (1978) "ka ha dị." * ''The Lady Vanishes'' (1979) - Oriakụ Todhunter * ''Hussy'' (1980) - Vere * ''The Optimist'' (1985) - Oriakụ Big * ''Brideshead letara'' (1981) - Brenda onye mmeri * ''Shadey'' (1985) - onye enyemaka ụlọ ahịa * ''[[That Englishwoman|Nwanyị Bekee ahụ]]'' (1990) - Lady Mary Hobhouse * ''Ndị amoosu'' (1990) - Elsie * ''Mweghachi'' (1995) - nwanyị na-ese ihe * ''The Edge of Love'' (2008) - Nwanyị yi uwe edo edo * ''Boogie Woogie'' (2009) - Oriakụ Havermeyer * ''Camberwell Mma'' (2015) - Dominique * ''Zute Nchụso Delange: Ihe nkiri'' (2015) - Miss Haversham * ''Iberibe zuru oke'' (2016) - Oriakụ Di Grazia == Edensibia == == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|0750192}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20161221003125/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f67c5d8 Jenny Runacre] on the British Film Institute website * [http://www.wirelesstheatrecompany.co.uk/actors/jenny-runacre/ Jenny Runacre] on the Wireless Theatre Company website * [http://www.jennyrunacre.co.uk/ Jenny Runacre's] personal website {{DEFAULTSORT:Runacre, Jenny}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 1ph2ig85n83icisld99b3qy18eaw7jk 0 38520 729821 722489 2026-10-01T13:09:26Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729821 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Melissa van der Schyff''' (mgbe ụfọdụ a na-eme '''Melissa Van Der Schyff''' ) bụ onye Canada nwetara ihe nrite onye na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-agụ egwú, onye na-agụ ọchị na onye na-ede abụ bụ onye amara ama maka ọrụ ya na Broadway . A họpụtara ya maka 2012 [[Drama Desk Award]] <ref name="DramaDesk">{{Cite web|title=The 2012 Drama Desk Award Nominee Luncheon|url=http://www.playbill.com/multimedia/gallery/3907/The-2012-Drama-Desk-Award-Nominee-Luncheon?pnum=23|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130131104714/http://www.playbill.com/multimedia/gallery/3907/The-2012-Drama-Desk-Award-Nominee-Luncheon?pnum=23|archivedate=31 January 2013|accessdate=16 May 2012}}</ref> na Outer Critics Circle Award <ref name="outercritics">{{Cite web|title='Bonnie & Clyde' picks up three Outer Critics Circle nominations|url=http://artssarasota.com/2012-04-23/content/theater-content/theater-news/bonnie-clyde-picks-up-three-outer-critics-circle-nominations/|accessdate=16 May 2012}}</ref> maka ''"Onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara ìhè na egwu"'' maka ịmalite ọrụ ''Blanche Barrow'' na Broadway Musical Bonnie &amp;amp; Clyde, nke meghere na Gerald Schoenfeld . Ụlọ ihe nkiri dị na New York City na 1 Disemba 2011. <ref name="broadway1">{{Cite web|title=Bonnie & Clyde – Cast|url=http://www.broadway.com/shows/bonnie-clyde/cast/|publisher=Broadway.com|accessdate=31 March 2012}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Murrin|first=Tom|title=Melissa van der Schyff, Star of the New Broadway Musical Bonnie and Clyde: "I Think Estelle Parsons Is Great, But I Haven't Seen the Movie."|url=http://www.papermag.com/2011/11/melissa_van_der_schyff_star_of.php|accessdate=31 March 2012|work=Papermag|date=23 November 2011|archive-date=15 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015064152/http://www.papermag.com/2011/11/melissa_van_der_schyff_star_of.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="Variety">{{Cite news|author=Suskin|first=Steven|title=Bonnie and Clyde|url=https://www.variety.com/review/VE1117946677?refcatid=33|accessdate=31 March 2012|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=1 December 2011}}</ref> == Ndụ mbido == Amụrụ na South Africa ma zụlite na Canada, n'oge ọ dị obere, van der Schyff chọsiri ike ịbụ onye na-agụ jazz, na-ekwupụta Miles Davis na John Coltrane dị ka ihe mkpali nye ya. <ref name="broadway2">{{Cite web|author=Wilson|first=Gemma|title=Melissa van der Schyff on How Harrison Ford and Miles Davis Led to her Broadway Breakout in Bonnie & Clyde|url=http://www.broadway.com/shows/bonnie-clyde/buzz/159124/melissa-van-der-schyff-on-how-harrison-ford-and-miles-davis-led-to-her-broadway-breakout-in-bonnie-clyde/|publisher=Broadway.com|accessdate=31 March 2012|date=22 December 2011}}</ref> Ọ rụrụ na ihe ngosi dị iche iche na gburugburu obodo ya mgbe ọ dị naanị afọ 15 <ref name="broadway2" /> na-enweta ihe nrite General Motors Award maka Ọkachamma maka Jazz Vocals yana na-eme ndụ na CBC Radio. Melissa gụchara summa cum laude na kọleji Santa Fe (nke akpọrọ Santa Fe University of Art and Design) ya na BFA ya na Acting and Minor in Music. <ref name="SantafeUni">{{Cite web|title=Alumna Performs Leading Role in New Broadway Musical|url=http://www.santafeuniversity.edu/News/NewsRoom/AlumnaPerformsLeadingRoleinNewBroadwayMusical.aspx|publisher=[[Santa Fe University of Art and Design]]|accessdate=31 March 2012|archivedate=5 November 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105184442/http://www.santafeuniversity.edu/News/NewsRoom/AlumnaPerformsLeadingRoleinNewBroadwayMusical.aspx}}</ref> Ọ gụkwara akwụkwọ na The British American Drama Academy na London, England yana Lily Parker nke Studio Actors. <ref name="broadway2" /> <ref name="SantafeUni" /> == Mgbe e mesịrị ọrụ == Melissa rụrụ ọrụ na TV na ihe nkiri na Los Angeles yana ịrụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ihe nkiri mbụ nke ọdịda anyanwụ nke gụnyere The Mark Taper Forum, Ahmanson Theatre, South Coast Repertory, Kirk Douglas Theater na La Jolla Playhouse . Oge ezumike ya bịara mgbe onye nduzi Broadway Jeff Calhoun (Newsies) tụbara ya dị ka Mary Jane na Deaf West Theatre mmepụta nke egwu egwu, ''Big River'', nke mechara bụrụ Broadway mpụta mbụ mgbe ihe nkiri ahụ si na Deaf West Theater gaa na Mark Taper Forum na Los Angeles wee gaa na Roundabout Theatre ụlọ ọrụ American ụgbọ ihe nkiri na Broadway. <ref name="broadway2"/> <ref name="bigrivervariety1">{{Cite news|author=Hirschhorn|first=Joel|title=Big River|url=https://www.variety.com/review/VE1117919343|accessdate=31 March 2012|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=14 November 2002}}</ref> Tinyere ihe nkedo ndị ọzọ, ọ natara 2004 Tony Honor Award for Excellence in Theater na ihe ngosi ahụ nwetara Tony Nomination for Best Revival. <ref name="SantafeUni"/> <ref name="timescolonist">{{Cite news|author=Chamberlain|first=Adrian|title=Victoria actor hits Great White Way|url=http://www.timescolonist.com/entertainment/movie-guide/Victoria+actor+hits+Great+White/5769907/story.html|accessdate=31 March 2012|work=Times Colonist|date=25 November 2001|archive-date=27 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127084756/http://www.timescolonist.com/entertainment/movie-guide/Victoria+actor+hits+Great+White/5769907/story.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Magazin dị iche iche kwuru na ọ wetara "ịma mma na-enweghị mmetụta na ọrụ dị nkenke ya, n'olu dara ụda na n'ụzọ dị egwu" nakwa na ọ bụ "ntụziaka na-adọrọ adọrọ nke ịdị ọcha na anụ ahụ." <ref name="bigrivervariety1" /> E jiri ụda olu ya tụnyere Dolly Parton maka nọmba obodo ya "Ị Kwesịrị Nnọọ Ebe a na M" site na LA Times, New York Times, Washington Post, Daily Variety na ọtụtụ nyocha ndị ọzọ. Ọ gara n'ihu na-egwu egwu na mmepụta ihe nkiri Deaf West ọzọ na Center Theater Group, dị ka Catherine na Pippin na Mark Taper Forum na Los Angeles, nke Hollywood Reporter kọwara dị ka "... ọrụ na-enweghị atụ na-akpali akpali." <ref name="SantafeUni"/> Melissa kwesịrị ịmụta asụsụ ogbi maka ọrụ ya, ebe a na-eme ihe nkiri ahụ n'otu oge na ASL na Bekee. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogcritics.org/culture/article/deaf-west-theatre-reimagines-hit-70s/|title=Deaf West Theatre Reimagines Hit '70s Musical Pippin - Blogcritics Culture|work=blogcritics.org|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100522115858/http://blogcritics.org/culture/article/deaf-west-theatre-reimagines-hit-70s|archivedate=2010-05-22}} </ref> Ejije ndị ọzọ ọ mere gụnyere ịmalite ọrụ Virginia/Clara na South Coast Repertory 's World Premiere of ''An Italian Straw Hat'', malitere ọrụ Yelenka na egwu egwu World Premiere nke La Jolla Playhouse ''Zhivago'' nke Des McAnuff duziri. sitere na ọrụ Ginny na ogbako egwu egwu nke ''Post Office'' na Kirk Douglas Theater nke Michael Friedman nke Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson mebere na Mark Brokaw, ''Ballad'' duziri ya, nke nwetara ya nhọpụta Ovation Award na ihe nrite Drama-Logue, Pud na West Coast Premiere nke Horton Foote 's Laura Dennis na ''[[The Transformation of Benno Blimpie|mgbanwe nke Benno Blimpie]]'' na [[McCadden Place Theatre]] nke nwetara ya ohere na Entertainment talent iri kachasị taa ka ọ leba anya na LA <ref name="SantafeUni"/> === Bonnie na Clyde === Onye isi ''Big River'' na ''Pippin'', Jeff Calhoun, tụbara van der Schyff dị ka Blanche Barrow na agụ mbụ nke ụwa mbụ Frank Wildhorn musical "Bonnie na Clyde" mgbe ọ bụ nanị ọkara edemede na egwu ole na ole. <ref name="broadway2"/> <ref name="timescolonist"/> Ọ gara n'ihu ịzụlite ọrụ ya na The La Jolla Playhouse nke ọ nwetara 2009 Craig Noel Award for ''Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical'', <ref name="LAtimes1">{{Cite news|title=Theater review: 'Bonnie & Clyde' at La Jolla Playhouse|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/culturemonster/2009/11/theater-review-bonnie-clyde-at-la-jolla-playhouse-.html|accessdate=31 March 2012|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=23 November 2011}}</ref> the Asolo Repertory Theatre na Sarasota, Florida na n'ikpeazụ na Broadway na Gerald Schoenfeld Ụlọ ihe nkiri ebe. A họpụtara ya maka [[Drama Desk Award|ihe nrite Desk Drama]] na Award Outer Critics Circle Award . <ref name="DramaDesk"/> <ref name="outercritics"/> Akwụkwọ akụkọ New York Times toro olu ya wee kwuo na ọ rụrụ egwu kachasị mma nke ihe nkiri ahụ, nke bụ "ụkwe dị gịrịgịrị, na-egbukepụ egbukepụ maka obere ihe ụtọ na nke nkịtị", <ref name="NYTimes1">{{Cite news|author=Brantley|first=Ben|title=Armed and Amorous, Committing Cold-Blooded Musical|url=http://theater.nytimes.com/2011/12/02/theater/reviews/bonnie-clyde-with-laura-osnes-and-jeremy-jordan-review.html?pagewanted=all|accessdate=31 March 2012|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=1 December 2011}}</ref> na The Fast Times kpọrọ ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị na-abụ abụ kacha mma na ihe nkiri ahụ. . <ref>{{Cite news|author=Mandell|first=Jonathan|title=Bonnie and Clyde Review|url=http://www.thefastertimes.com/newyorktheater/2011/12/01/bonnie-and-clyde-review/|accessdate=31 March 2012|work=[[The Faster Times]]|date=1 December 2012}}</ref> Onye nchịkọta akụkọ Playbill Blake Ross aha ya bụ van der Schyff na-abụ abụ "Nke ahụ bụ ihe ị na-akpọ nrọ" na Bonnie na Clyde dịka otu n'ime Ahụmahụ 2011 agaghị echefu echefu. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Hetrick|first=Adam|title=The Memory of All That: Playbill.com Contributors Choose Unforgettable Experiences of 2011|url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/158083-The-Memory-of-All-That-Playbillcom-Contributors-Choose-Unforgettable-Experiences-of-2011/pg4|accessdate=16 May 2012|work=[[Playbill]]|date=30 December 2011}}</ref> Time Out New York kwuru "Melissa van der Schyff, dị ka goody abụọ akpụkpọ ụkwụ Blanche Barrow ... bụ a wow ofụri na olu dị ka a obodo iyi ..." <ref>{{Cite news|author=Feldman|first=Adam|title=Review: Bonnie & Clyde|url=https://www.timeout.com/newyork/theater/review-bonnie-clyde|accessdate=16 May 2012|work=[[Time Out New York]]|date=1 December 2012}}</ref> mgbe iche iche raved "... inye a standout arụmọrụ bụ Melissa van der Schyff, na-abụ abụ ma na-eme ihe n'iwu dị ka nwanne nwanne Clyde Blanche." <ref>{{Cite news|author=Suskin|first=Steven|title=Bonnie & Clyde|url=https://www.variety.com/review/VE1117946677?refcatid=33&printerfriendly=true|accessdate=16 May 2012|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=1 December 2012}}</ref> The New York Observer 's Rex Reed dere, sị: "... na-ejide akụkụ nke ya nke ogbo n'ihe ọ bụla bụ Melissa van der Schyff, onye na-akụ ọkpọ ... ọ na-arụ ọrụ ọmịiko na nke dị mkpa nke Blanche Barrow, nwunye nke Blanche Barrow. Nwanne Clyde Buck na nwanyị nke na-achụ echiche ya na nkwanye ùgwù onwe onye maka ịhụnanya ... ọ na-akwụsị ihe ngosi ahụ dị ka ụdị operatic Dolly Parton, ebe ndị na-ege ntị na-arịọ maka ndị ọzọ." <ref>{{Cite news|author=Reed|first=Rex|title=Bonnie and Clyde Isn't Theatergoers' Big Payday, but It's Definitely|url=http://observer.com/2011/12/bonnie-and-clyde-isn%E2%80%99t-theatergoers%E2%80%99-big-payday-but-it%E2%80%99s-definitely-a-steal-no-less/|accessdate=16 May 2012|work=[[The New York Observer]]|date=1 December 2012|archive-date=3 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403011300/http://www.observer.com/2011/12/bonnie-and-clyde-isn%E2%80%99t-theatergoers%E2%80%99-big-payday-but-it%E2%80%99s-definitely-a-steal-no-less/|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Television na ihe nkiri === Melissa van der Schyff emewokwa ihe nkiri n'ọtụtụ ihe nkiri, gụnyere Ashton Kutcher 's ''A Lot Like Love'' ebe ọ na-egwu ọgọ nwanne Kutcher, <ref name="broadway2"/> ihe nkiri mbụ nke Showtime ''The Great Commission'' wee gosipụta onwe ya na ''[[Broadway the Movie]]'' . <ref name="broadway2" /> van der Schyff nwekwara starred dị ka Tina Carso na TV usoro ''Chicago Hope'' na-arụ ọrụ dị ka olu-over artist na ''The Muppets'', Rubber Chicken Cards, na dị iche iche mgbasa ozi, jingles na animation oru ngo. <ref name="broadway2" /> A tụbara ya dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ oge niile na onye na-ese ihe na ''National Lampoon Lemmings'' nke o mere ọtụtụ ihe osise o dere, yana ọtụtụ echiche ndị ama ama. Ndị otu Lemming mbụ gụnyere John Belushi, Christopher Guest na Chevy Chase . A tụbara Melissa dị ka usoro ndu na MTV pilot ''[[The Whitey Show]]'' nke Seinfeld 's Jason Alexander mepụtara. Ọ na-ekwupụta Yodeling Yogurt na "Young Norville", ''Wallykazam!'' ihe omume. === Egwu === van der Schyff bụkwa onye na-ede abụ na onye na-agụ abụ na-emeri ihe nrite, ma bụrụkwa onye Femmusic.com họpụtara ''Artist of the Year'' wee họpụta ya maka onyinye Independent Music Award maka otu ya, ''"Chineke"'' . <ref name="broadway2"/> Ọ na-edekọ abụ maka ihe nkiri ngosi ''The Legend of Tillamook's Gold'' na ihe nkiri mbụ nke Showtime, ''The Great Commission'' . <ref name="broadway2" /> === Egwuregwu vidiyo === O kwuputara Samantha Muldoon na egwuregwu vidiyo 2013 ''Grand Theft Auto V'' ma mee redio ingame "Amasịrị m ihe dị nnọọ ka ha dị". Ọ pụtakwara na ''Lego Dimensions'' dịka olu Jillian Holtzmann sitere na ''Ghostbusters'' . == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === * 1998 ''Johnny 316'' - Salome === Igwe onyonyo === * 2022 – ugbu a ''Alice's Wonderland Bakery'' – Jojo (olu) * 2017–2019 ''anwụ anwụ'' - Cindy, KC (olu) === Egwuregwu vidiyo === * 2023 ''Warcraft Rumble'' – Lady Vespria (olu) * 2022 ''Diablo anwụghị anwụ'' – Leigh (olu) * 2015 ''Lego Dimensions'' – Jillian Holtzmann (olu) * 2013 ''Grand Theft Auto V'' – Samantha Muldoon, Ndị Obodo (olu) == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|1560717}} * [http://melissavanderschyff.com Melissa Van Der Schyff Official Website] {{DEFAULTSORT:Schyff, Melissa Van Der}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] fuv0dalvr7gtmxfw4ixzl4eyseziqky 0 38523 729809 153984 2026-10-01T12:45:56Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729809 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} Tonye Briggs-Oniyide bụ Kọmishana na-ahụ maka omenala na njem nlegharị anya Rivers steeti ugbu a.  [1] Ọ bụ Gọvanọ Ezenwo Nyesom Wike nchọpụta ya n'afọ 2015, nọchiri Nnabuihe Imegwu. == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Mini Briggs na Port Harcourt nwere ike n'ime ime obodo Akuku-Toru nke Rivers State .  Ọ gara mahadum Port Harcourt maka nzere ya, na-enweta akara ugo akara bachelor na Biochemistry . == Ọrụ == === Federal Character Commission === <ref>{{Cite news|title=FCC Inaugurates 14 New Commissioners|url=http://nigerianobservernews.com/16082013/news/news22.html#.VsJ1TJG4bIU|accessdate=16 February 2016|work=[[Nigerian Observer]]|date=17 August 2013}}</ref> A họpụtara Briggs onye otu Federal Character Commission nke Onye isi ala Goodluck Jonathan na 9 Julaị 2013.[1]  Ọ malitere ọrụ na 17 August, na-anọchite anya Rivers State. <ref>{{Cite web|author=DOLLY|first=MINA|title=Wike suspends 4 commissioners, Head of Service|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/209633-wike-suspends-4-commissioners-head-service.html|work=premiumtimesng.com|date=31 August 2016|accessdate=22 June 2022}}</ref>Na 18 Disemba 2015, ọ weghaara dịka Kọmishọna Omenala na njem nlegharị anya nke River steeti, na-achịkwa n'aka Nnabuihe Imegwu.  N'April 2016, o mere ka eserese dị n'etiti ụlọ akwụkwọ ihe nkiri Africa na Ministry of Culture and Tourism site na-adị mma ama nke akwụkwọ Port Harcourt dị ka obodo ndị ọbịa maka 12th Africa Movie Academy Awards .  [1] A katọrọ ya maka na o meghị nke ọma maka ụlọ ọrụ Entertainment na Rivers steeti, ebe ụfọdụ na-akpọ oku ka ọ gbaa arụkwaghịm.  Gọvanọ steeti ahụahụ ya na 31 Ọgọst 2016 == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Briggs-Oniyide, Tonye}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 2vgp4pcmhe8rt6tfzrg1f7dxxt1rix1 0 38524 729807 729375 2026-10-01T12:43:21Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729807 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Milly Kikomeko|image=|alt=|caption=|birth_name=Milly Nassolo|birth_date=1993|birth_place=Kikumbo Village, [[Butambala District]], [[Uganda]]|death_date=|death_place=|nationality=[[Uganda]]n|other_names=Milly Nassolo Kikomeko|alma_mater=Mpigi Mixed Secondary School, Mpigi High School|occupation=[[social entrepreneur]], [[Activist]], [[lawyer]]|known_for=Activism, peer education, Woman Empowerment, social entrepreneurship|spouses={{plainlist| * {{marriage|Robert Kikomeko Tumusabe|2016}} }}}} '''Milly Nassolo Kikomeko''' bụ onye ọchụnta ego na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta ọha na eze n' [[Uganda|Ugandan]], onye na-eme ihe ike na onye ọka iwu. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/life/working-for-women-makes-nassolo-happy--3339696|title=Working for women makes Nassolo happy|date=March 28, 2021|work=Monitor}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kampalapost.com/content/milly-nassolo-unveils-maisha-holistic-africa-foundation-kagadi-district|title=Milly Nassolo Unveils Maisha Holistic Africa Foundation in Kagadi District &#124; the Kampala Post|access-date=2024-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127121712/https://kampalapost.com/content/milly-nassolo-unveils-maisha-holistic-africa-foundation-kagadi-district|archive-date=2024-11-27|url-status=dead}}</ref> ọ bụ onye guzobere ''Maisha Holistic Africa Foundation'', otu na-enweghị uru nke dị na Kagadi Distrikit . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pmldaily.com/news/2023/10/milly-nassolo-passion-for-empowering-women.html|title=MILLY NASSOLO: Passion for Empowering Women|first=PML DAILY EDITOR &#124; PML Daily|author=Editorial|date=October 26, 2023}}</ref> <ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ug/lifestyle/milly-nassolos-legal-career-balancing-law-practice-and-activism-for-social-change/6zdx3pw|title=Milly Nassolo's legal career: Balancing law practice and activism for social change|first=Mzee|author=Asingwire|date=May 17, 2023|work=Pulse Uganda}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Nassolo n'ime obodo Kikumbo, Kibibi Subkonti , n'ime Butambala Distrikit Ọ gara ụlọakwụkwọ praịmarị nke Gombe maka agụmakwụkwọ praịmarị ya, Mpigi Mikst sekondiri Skuul maka O-Levulu sochiri ya, wee gaa n'ihu na ọmụmụ A-level ya na Mpigi High School. O nwetara akara ugo mmụta Bachelo of lọọ na Mahadum Kampala International . <ref name="auto"/> == Ọrụ == <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://daparrot.com/here-are-all-the-amazing-things-milly-nassolo-is-doing-to-advocate-for-the-girl-child/|title=Here Are All The Amazing Things Milly Nassolo Is Doing To Advocate For The Girl Child* &#124; DaParrot &#124; Building Communities, Outlining Possibilities|first=Arajab|author=Wampula|date=October 25, 2023|accessdate=March 10, 2024|archivedate=February 28, 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228182517/https://daparrot.com/here-are-all-the-amazing-things-milly-nassolo-is-doing-to-advocate-for-the-girl-child/}}</ref> kemgbe afọ 2014, Nassolo anọwo na-eje ozi dịka onye enyemaka iwu na Lubega, Ssaka na Co. Advocates mgbe ọ ka na-agụ akwụkwọ. <ref name="auto"/> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thetowerpost.com/2023/10/26/activist-milly-kikomeko-launches-get-talking-with-milly-tweet-chat-initiative/|title=Activist Milly Kikomeko Launches "Get Talking with Milly" Tweet Chat Initiative – TowerPostNews|date=October 26, 2023|work=thetowerpost.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pmldaily.com/news/world/2019/04/social-entrepreneur-milly-nassolo-launches-maisha-holistic-africa-foundation.html|title=Social Entrepreneur Milly Nassolo Launches Maisha Holistic Africa Foundation|date=17 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mugibson.com/through-maisha-holistic-africa-foundation-social-entrepreneur-milly-nassolo-seeks-to-help-those-in-need/|title=Through Maisha Holistic Africa Foundation, Social Entrepreneur Milly Nassolo Seeks to Help Those in Need - MUGIBSON|date=17 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mugibson.com/activist-milly-nassolo-extends-helping-hand-through-health-camp-in-kagadi-district/|title=Activist Milly Nassolo Extends Helping Hand Through Health Camp In Kagadi District - MUGIBSON|first=Mugibson|author=Mugisha|date=February 1, 2023|work=mugibson.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mugibson.com/meet-milly-nassolo-a-champion-for-a-brighter-future-for-children-women-inuganda/|title=Meet Milly Nassolo: A Champion For A Brighter Future For Children & Women In Uganda - MUGIBSON|first=Mugibson|author=Mugisha|date=May 18, 2023|work=mugibson.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kampalaedgetimes.com/milly-nassolo-fostering-childrens-and-womens-rights-in-uganda/|title=Milly Nassolo Fostering Children's and Women's Rights in Uganda|first=John Kenny|author=Adeya|date=October 19, 2023|work=Kampala Edge Times|accessdate=March 10, 2024|archivedate=April 21, 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421075546/https://kampalaedgetimes.com/milly-nassolo-fostering-childrens-and-womens-rights-in-uganda/}}</ref><ref name="auto1"/>'afọ 2014, o guzobere ''Maisha Holistic Afrịka fandashon'' , [1] [2] otu na-enweghị uru nke dị na Kagadi Distrikit. [3] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bukedde.co.ug/articledetails/NV_125540|title=Nassolo supports disadvantaged people|work=Bukedde|accessdate=2024-03-10|archivedate=2023-12-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218210455/https://www.bukedde.co.ug/articledetails/NV_125540}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, a malitere nzukọ ahụ na 2019. [3] [4] == Ndụ Onwe == Nassolo lụrụ Robert Kikomeko Tumusabe n'afọ 2016 na Kamwokya Chọọchị ọf God. Ntikota ọnụ ha .enwee ụmụ nwoke abụọ, Tyler Kaeb K. Tumusabe na Travis Silver K. Tumusebe<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/people/family/437690-ugandan-wife-admits-she-lied-about-everything-first-time-she-met-man-who-married-her/|title=I lied to him about everything the first time we met, Ugandan wife discloses|first=Hillary|author=Lisimba|date=December 21, 2021|work=Tuko.co.ke - Kenya news.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pmldaily.com/news/world/2019/04/social-entrepreneur-milly-nassolo-launches-maisha-holistic-africa-foundation.html|title=Social Entrepreneur Milly Nassolo Launches Maisha Holistic Africa Foundation|date=17 April 2019}}</ref>{{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nassolo, Milly}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 0axf25c6dzfu5t949egkbdwm6jbl7ek 729808 729807 2026-10-01T12:44:07Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729808 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Milly Nassolo Kikomeko''' bụ onye ọchụnta ego na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta ọha na eze n' [[Uganda|Ugandan]], onye na-eme ihe ike na onye ọka iwu. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/life/working-for-women-makes-nassolo-happy--3339696|title=Working for women makes Nassolo happy|date=March 28, 2021|work=Monitor}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kampalapost.com/content/milly-nassolo-unveils-maisha-holistic-africa-foundation-kagadi-district|title=Milly Nassolo Unveils Maisha Holistic Africa Foundation in Kagadi District &#124; the Kampala Post|access-date=2024-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127121712/https://kampalapost.com/content/milly-nassolo-unveils-maisha-holistic-africa-foundation-kagadi-district|archive-date=2024-11-27|url-status=dead}}</ref> ọ bụ onye guzobere ''Maisha Holistic Africa Foundation'', otu na-enweghị uru nke dị na Kagadi Distrikit . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pmldaily.com/news/2023/10/milly-nassolo-passion-for-empowering-women.html|title=MILLY NASSOLO: Passion for Empowering Women|first=PML DAILY EDITOR &#124; PML Daily|author=Editorial|date=October 26, 2023}}</ref> <ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.ug/lifestyle/milly-nassolos-legal-career-balancing-law-practice-and-activism-for-social-change/6zdx3pw|title=Milly Nassolo's legal career: Balancing law practice and activism for social change|first=Mzee|author=Asingwire|date=May 17, 2023|work=Pulse Uganda}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Nassolo n'ime obodo Kikumbo, Kibibi Subkonti , n'ime Butambala Distrikit Ọ gara ụlọakwụkwọ praịmarị nke Gombe maka agụmakwụkwọ praịmarị ya, Mpigi Mikst sekondiri Skuul maka O-Levulu sochiri ya, wee gaa n'ihu na ọmụmụ A-level ya na Mpigi High School. O nwetara akara ugo mmụta Bachelo of lọọ na Mahadum Kampala International . <ref name="auto"/> == Ọrụ == <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://daparrot.com/here-are-all-the-amazing-things-milly-nassolo-is-doing-to-advocate-for-the-girl-child/|title=Here Are All The Amazing Things Milly Nassolo Is Doing To Advocate For The Girl Child* &#124; DaParrot &#124; Building Communities, Outlining Possibilities|first=Arajab|author=Wampula|date=October 25, 2023|accessdate=March 10, 2024|archivedate=February 28, 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228182517/https://daparrot.com/here-are-all-the-amazing-things-milly-nassolo-is-doing-to-advocate-for-the-girl-child/}}</ref> kemgbe afọ 2014, Nassolo anọwo na-eje ozi dịka onye enyemaka iwu na Lubega, Ssaka na Co. Advocates mgbe ọ ka na-agụ akwụkwọ. <ref name="auto"/> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thetowerpost.com/2023/10/26/activist-milly-kikomeko-launches-get-talking-with-milly-tweet-chat-initiative/|title=Activist Milly Kikomeko Launches "Get Talking with Milly" Tweet Chat Initiative – TowerPostNews|date=October 26, 2023|work=thetowerpost.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pmldaily.com/news/world/2019/04/social-entrepreneur-milly-nassolo-launches-maisha-holistic-africa-foundation.html|title=Social Entrepreneur Milly Nassolo Launches Maisha Holistic Africa Foundation|date=17 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mugibson.com/through-maisha-holistic-africa-foundation-social-entrepreneur-milly-nassolo-seeks-to-help-those-in-need/|title=Through Maisha Holistic Africa Foundation, Social Entrepreneur Milly Nassolo Seeks to Help Those in Need - MUGIBSON|date=17 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mugibson.com/activist-milly-nassolo-extends-helping-hand-through-health-camp-in-kagadi-district/|title=Activist Milly Nassolo Extends Helping Hand Through Health Camp In Kagadi District - MUGIBSON|first=Mugibson|author=Mugisha|date=February 1, 2023|work=mugibson.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mugibson.com/meet-milly-nassolo-a-champion-for-a-brighter-future-for-children-women-inuganda/|title=Meet Milly Nassolo: A Champion For A Brighter Future For Children & Women In Uganda - MUGIBSON|first=Mugibson|author=Mugisha|date=May 18, 2023|work=mugibson.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kampalaedgetimes.com/milly-nassolo-fostering-childrens-and-womens-rights-in-uganda/|title=Milly Nassolo Fostering Children's and Women's Rights in Uganda|first=John Kenny|author=Adeya|date=October 19, 2023|work=Kampala Edge Times|accessdate=March 10, 2024|archivedate=April 21, 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421075546/https://kampalaedgetimes.com/milly-nassolo-fostering-childrens-and-womens-rights-in-uganda/}}</ref><ref name="auto1"/>'afọ 2014, o guzobere ''Maisha Holistic Afrịka fandashon'' , [1] [2] otu na-enweghị uru nke dị na Kagadi Distrikit. [3] <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bukedde.co.ug/articledetails/NV_125540|title=Nassolo supports disadvantaged people|work=Bukedde|accessdate=2024-03-10|archivedate=2023-12-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218210455/https://www.bukedde.co.ug/articledetails/NV_125540}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, a malitere nzukọ ahụ na 2019. [3] [4] == Ndụ Onwe == Nassolo lụrụ Robert Kikomeko Tumusabe n'afọ 2016 na Kamwokya Chọọchị ọf God. Ntikota ọnụ ha .enwee ụmụ nwoke abụọ, Tyler Kaeb K. Tumusabe na Travis Silver K. Tumusebe<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tuko.co.ke/people/family/437690-ugandan-wife-admits-she-lied-about-everything-first-time-she-met-man-who-married-her/|title=I lied to him about everything the first time we met, Ugandan wife discloses|first=Hillary|author=Lisimba|date=December 21, 2021|work=Tuko.co.ke - Kenya news.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pmldaily.com/news/world/2019/04/social-entrepreneur-milly-nassolo-launches-maisha-holistic-africa-foundation.html|title=Social Entrepreneur Milly Nassolo Launches Maisha Holistic Africa Foundation|date=17 April 2019}}</ref>{{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nassolo, Milly}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] h13fzncwxki5npkcxqf87sdsf2nqy4z 0 38525 729805 723996 2026-10-01T12:41:34Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729805 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pulse.ng/buzz/iyanya-singer-s-record-label-made-men-music-group-signs-new-singer-tonye-id4932635.html|title=Iyanya Singer's record label Made Men Music Group signs new singer Tonye|work=Pulse Nigeria|author=18 April 2016|accessdate=2 June 2016|archivedate=18 September 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918070122/http://www.pulse.ng/buzz/iyanya-singer-s-record-label-made-men-music-group-signs-new-singer-tonye-id4932635.html}}</ref>Tonye Garrick (akpa 27 Ọgọst 1983), nke mara a dị ka Tonye bụ onye Naijiria na-agụ ịgụ na onye na-ede abụ.  [1] Ya a cappella song ikwu "Ihe Banyere Anyị ?"  ejiri mee ihe na nnukwu President Youth Nigeria na 2011. [2] Amụrụ na England, Tonye tolitere na France, Nigeria na United States of America ebe ọ ahụmahụ ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-ahụ maka azụmahịa ka ọ gbasoo ọrụ egwu na 2013.  [3] Na 2015, o pịa otu aha na-egosi nke isiokwu ya bụ " Ari Belema " nke mere ka a see ya na ngalaba "Most Promising Act" na 2015 Nigeria Entertainment Awards .  [4] Ebinyere ya aka na Mede Men Music Group ndidi 2016 == Na-eto eto == <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.genevieveng.com/statistic-with-tonye-garrick/|title=Statistic With Tonye Garrick|work=Genevieve Magazine|author=Falode|first=Tolu|date=25 September 2015|accessdate=30 October 2015}}</ref>Tonye bụ onye Benin City na Edo State, South-South Nigeria.  Aha ya " Tamunotonye" bụ nne ya bụ onye Kalabari, Rivers State nyere ya.  [1] O tolitere na-ege abụ nke Whitney Houston, Janet Jackson, Celine Dion na Brenda Fassie tupu ọ mkpọsa ya na egwu mgbe ọ dị afọ 7. == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == Amụrụ n'England nezina mgba nna Edo steeti bụ onye mba ofesi na nne Anambra steeti, Tonye nwere ọtụtụ oge ndụ ya na Nigeria, Paris na United States of America.  [1] Ọ gara Vivian Fowler Memorial College na Queen's College, Lagos ebe ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ.  [2] O nzere bachelọ na International Business & Fashion Merchandising ka ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Marymount <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://punchng.com/spice/personalities/i-understand-my-body-tonye-garrick/|title=I understand my body – Tonye Garrick|work=[[The Punch]]|date=14 April 2013|accessdate=31 October 2015}}</ref> == Ọrụ == <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/my-father-is-not-happy-with-my-music-career-but-/181482/|title=My Father is Not Happy with My Music Career, But...|work=[[Thisday]] Live|author=Showemimo|first=Adedayo|date=21 June 2014|accessdate=31 October 2015|archive-date=29 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140629111801/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/my-father-is-not-happy-with-my-music-career-but-/181482/|url-status=dead}}</ref>Tupu amụma egwu dị ka ọrụ, Tonye arụburu ọrụ maka UBS Financial na Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited dị ka onye nkwụnye .  Ọ ụlọ ọrụ ya maka ọrụ egwu na 2013 wee gaa n'ihu we pụta otu mbụ mbụ ya na-egosi "Were Niyen" nke enwetara oke egwu.  [1] Na 2 Ọktoba 2014, ọ na-abụ ọzọ nke Paswọdu nke mmalite " Criminal " nke mere nke ọma iji nweta mgbakwụkwụ.  N'afọ 2015, egwu ya iso " Abi Belema " ewu ewu wee na-enweta ya nhọpụta na 2015 Nigeria Entertainment Awards .  [2] Ọ hụrụ Whitney Houston, Janet Jackson, Brandy na Aaliyah dị ka ihe egwu ya.  [1] N'ajụjụ ọnụ e nyere Thisday Live na 21 June 2014, o kwuru na ọ na-arụ ọrụ na album studio mbụ ya. == Ihe nrite na nhọpụta ==   {| class="wikitable" !Afọ ! emume inye onyinye ! Ihe nrite ! Nsonaazụ ! Ref |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 | 2015 Nigeria Entertainment Awards | Iwu Kacha Nkwa|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.36ng.com.ng/2015/06/11/nigeria-entertainment-awards-2015-full-nominations/|title=Nigeria Entertainment Awards 2015 Full Nominations|work=36NG|author=Segun|first=Oleniju|date=11 June 2015|accessdate=31 October 2015|archive-date=17 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717105959/http://www.36ng.com.ng/2015/06/11/nigeria-entertainment-awards-2015-full-nominations/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | Ihe nrite ELOY | Onye na-egwu egwu nke afọ|{{Nom}} | <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.eraveng.com/2015/10/05/yemi-alade-seyi-shay-dija-more-battle-for-glory-at-the-eloy-awards-2015/|title=Yemi Alade, Seyi Shay, Di'ja & More Battle For Glory at the ELOY Awards 2015|work=Entertainment Rave Magazine|author=Aina|first=Idris|date=5 October 2015|accessdate=2 February 2016}}</ref> |}   == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Garrick, Tonye}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 6zo38snyvttbboqzysqogxf8sme2aq4 0 38526 729804 153987 2026-10-01T12:40:06Z Geraldine Kene 23189 added {{DEFAULTSORT}}+Databox 729804 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} <ref>{{Cite news|work=The Guardian|url=http://www.vanguardngr.com/2012/09/i-left-the-country-to-escape-from-being-kidnapped/|title=I left the country to escape from being kidnapped ON SEPTEMBER 8, 2012|author=Benjamin Njoku}}</ref>Tosin Jegede bụ onye egwu Naijiria .  Ọ bụ nwata na-agụ egwu na 1980s.  Mgbe oputara ọba mbụ ya na 1985: Children Rise na awụ ise, ọ mụrụ ọba abụọ ọzọ: Ndị isi nke Africa na Children of Africa na 1989 na 1992 n'otu n'otu.  [1] Ɔ obodo ahụ gaa n'ihu akara wee akara akara ugo na-azụ na ngwaahịa na ngwaahịa na Mahadum Bristol, London wee onye ọrụ obere oge na UK dị ka onye ezumike nka.  Ọ la mfe Naijiria na 2008 <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://thenet.ng/2014/04/tosin-jegede-finally-released-from-25-year-music-contract-with-polygram-records/|publisher=Nigerian Entertainment Today|title=Tosin Jegede finally released from 25 year music contract with Polygram Records}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Thisweek|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iEsuAQAAIAAJ&q=C|year=1988}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BjF3BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA223|title=Nollywood Stars: Media and Migration in West Africa and the Diaspora:New Directions in National Cinemas|author=Noah A. Tsika|publisher=Indiana University Press|year=2015|isbn=978-0-253-0158-08}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://leadership.ng/entertainment/460210/why-child-singers-never-succeed-in-nigerian-music-industry|title=Why Child Singers Never Succeed In Nigerian Music Industry|author=Abisola Akawode|publisher=Leadership News}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Jegede, Tosin}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] q70xfhwfdkeuhaiakrt43g0c4zrryyn 0 38750 729813 196077 2026-10-01T12:56:03Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729813 wikitext text/x-wiki   Yuganda Media Women' Association (UMWA) - bụ òtù na-enweghị uru nke gọọmentị nke dị na Kampala, Yuganda, lekwasịrị anya na nkwado ikike mmadụ na ikike ụmụ nwanyị.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-19|title=About UMWA|url=https://www.umwamamafm.co.ug/about-umwa/|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=Uganda Media Women's Association|language=en-US}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ndị nta akụkọ nwanyị guzobere Yuganda Media Women' Association (UMWA) na 1983 dị ka òtù ndị otu iji weta mgbasa ozi nke nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị na ikpe ziri ezi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Uganda Media Women's Association (UMWA) {{!}} Democratic Governance Facility|url=https://www.dgf.ug/partner/uganda-media-womens-association-umwa|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=www.dgf.ug|archivedate=2022-09-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924235514/https://www.dgf.ug/partner/uganda-media-womens-association-umwa}}</ref> Ndị nta akụkọ nwanyị a na-enye onwe ha iji mee ka nsogbu ụmụ nwanyị pụta ìhè site na mgbasa ozi (redio, TV na mgbasa ozi) na isiokwu dịgasị iche iche, gụnyere ime ime ime, [[ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị]], n'etiti okwu ndị ọzọ. == Ihe omume na Ọrụ == UMWA -elekọta ụlọ mgbasa ozi, Mama FM nke bụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepe obodo nke ụmụ nwanyị lekwasịrị anya na redio na-arụ ọrụ na Kampala na Mpaghara etiti nke Yuganda. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-19|title=Mama 101.7 fm|url=https://www.umwamamafm.co.ug/mama-101-7-fm/|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=Uganda Media Women's Association|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Uganda’s Mama FM Gives Women a Chance to Be Heard|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/ugandas-mama-fm-gives-women-a-chance-to-be-heard/1940619.html|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=VOA|language=en}}</ref> Redio ahụ na-ebipụta mmemme ntụrụndụ, ihe ngosi, ihe ngosi okwu, egwu na akụkọ. hiwere Mama FM na afọ 2001<ref>{{Cite web|title=WACC {{!}} Uganda: Women’s radio gets creative in sharing Covid-19 information|url=https://waccglobal.org/uganda-womens-radio-gets-creative-in-sharing-covid-19-information/|accessdate=2022-06-14|language=en-US}}</ref> dị ka redio ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na-ejere ụmụ nwanyị na ndị a chụpụrụ achụpụ ozi.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-05-09|title=Enable organisations like UMWA to contribute to media development|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/oped/commentary/enable-organisations-like-umwa-to-contribute-to-media-development-3809254|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-03-02|title=Uganda Media Women's Association: {{!}} Pambazuka News|url=https://www.pambazuka.org/gender-minorities/uganda-media-womens-association|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=www.pambazuka.org|language=en}}</ref> Yuganda Media Women' Association anọwo na-ebute ụzọ n'ịhazi Gender Media Awards nke ndị nta akụkọ na ụlọ mgbasa ozi na-eme nke ọma na akụkọ gbasara okike.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Anena|first=Harriet|date=2017-08-24|title=Journalists get recognition at Gender Media Awards|url=https://acme-ug.org/2017/08/24/journalists-get-recognition-at-gender-media-awards/|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=African Centre for Media Excellence}}</ref> UMWA -ezube ibuli ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị Uganda, ọkachasị ndị nọ n'ime ime obodo, ka ha wee tinye aka ma nwee ike isonye na mmemme mmepe nke e mere iji baara ha uru ọ bụghị naanị kamakwa mba ahụ n'ozuzu ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Uganda Media Women's Association (UMWA)|url=https://www.comminit.com/global/content/uganda-media-womens-association-umwa|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=The Communication Initiative Network|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250222223418/https://www.comminit.com/global/content/uganda-media-womens-association-umwa|archive-date=2025-02-22|url-status=dead}}</ref> UMWA na Òtù Mba Ụwa Maka Nkwukọrịta Ndị Kraịst, Koodu maka Africa na Ụmụ nwanyị UN na [https://whomakesthenews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Uganda-GMMP-Report.pdf Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP)] <ref>{{Cite web|title=WACC {{!}} Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP)|url=https://waccglobal.org/our-work/global-media-monitoring-project-gmmp/|accessdate=2022-06-14|language=en-US}}</ref> nke bụ nyocha kachasị ogologo na nke kachasị n'ụwa gbasara okike na mgbasa ozi. UMWA esonyewo n'ibipụta akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ ndị na-ewepụta nsogbu ụmụ nwanyị. Otu 'ime akwụkwọ ndị ahụ bụ nyocha gbasara mgbasa ozi gbasara ntuli aka nke 2021 Ntuli aka izugbe nke e guzobere na ntuli aka na-agbagọ agbagọ nke ukwuu megide ụmụ nwanyị (ndị na-azọ ọkwa, ndị na-eme ntụli aka, ndị ọrụ ntuli aka) maka abamuru nke ụmụ nwoke n'ihe gbasara ngosi, ngosipụta na nnọchiteanya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Women!|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1031758|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Media urged to give more coverage on women issues|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1428111|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-26|title=Women Politicians Sidelined by Print Media – UMWA Report|url=https://chimpreports.com/women-politicians-sidelined-by-print-media-umwa-report/|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=ChimpReports|language=en-US}}</ref> UMWA anọwo na-ebute ụzọ n'ịlụ ọgụ maka ikike nke ndị nta akụkọ nwanyị. Otu ikpe dị n'isi bụ onye ozi na-enweghị Portfolio Abraham Byandala onye a chọrọ ka a taa ya ahụhụ mgbe e jidere ya na igwefoto na 23 Machị 2016 na-akụ Judith Naluggwa n'afọ dị ala ka ọ na-ese foto ya n'ụlọ ikpe Anti-Corruption. Maazị Bya pụtara n'ụlọ ikpe n'ihe gbasara ihe ihere okporo ụzọ Shs24 ijeri Mukono-Katosi nke a na-etinye ya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Anena|first=Harriet|date=2016-03-31|title=Media activists want Minister Byandala punished for assault|url=https://acme-ug.org/2016/03/31/media-activists-want-minister-byandala-punished-for-assault-2/|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=African Centre for Media Excellence}}</ref> == Ịdu == Onye isi nke UMWA Ms Margaret B. Sentamu onye bụ onye isi nchịkwa nke nzukọ ahụ kemgbe afọ 1994.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-07|title=At the helm of the Uganda Media Women’s Association for 21 years|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/at-the-helm-of-the-uganda-media-women-s-association-for-21-years-1611832|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref> A na-ahọpụta ndị nduzi, nke nwere ndị otu asaa, site na Nzukọ Ezumezu. Kọmitii ahụ -enye ọrụ nlekọta iji mejuputa ma mezuo iwu, ịnakọta ego, iwebata ndị ọrụ dị mkpa, kwado atụmatụ na mmefu ego kwa afọ, ma nye ndị odeakwụkwọ ndụmọdụ dịka ọ dị mkpa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-05-11|title=Board of Directors|url=https://www.umwamamafm.co.ug/board-of-directors/|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=Uganda Media Women's Association|language=en-US}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+<big>Ndị otu UMWA ugbu a</big> ! !Aha ya !Ọnọdụ !Nkọwa |- |1 |Dr. Patricia Litho (phD) |Onye isi oche |Onye nkuzi na Mahadum Makerere <ref>{{Cite web|title=Patricia Litho {{!}} Makerere University - Academia.edu|url=https://mak.academia.edu/PatriciaLitho|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=mak.academia.edu}}</ref> ma na-arụ ọrụ dị ka Onye isi nkwurịta okwu maka Community Outreach Rural Electrification Agency |- |2 |Dr. Emily Maractho (phD) |Onye isi oche |Onye nkuzi nke Journalism na Media Studies na Mahadum Ndị Kraịst nke Uganda. |- |3 |Catherine Ageno |Odeakwụkwọ ukwu |Onye nchịkọta akụkọ Monitor Publications Limited .<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pardon Our Interruption|url=https://muckrack.com/catherine-ageno|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=muckrack.com}}</ref> |- |4 |Dorothy Nanyonga |Onye na-ahụ maka akụ |Ọkachamara na nkwukọrịta na Ministry of Education and Sports (Uganda). |- |5 |Beatrice Birungi |Onye otu |Onye nta akụkọ na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ya / Mgbasa ozi na nkwurịta okwu |- |6 |Sylivia Nalukwago |Onye otu | |} == Onyinye == UMWA enwetala ọtụtụ onyinye nke gụnyere n'etiti ndị ọzọ onyinye maka enyemaka ya dị ịrịba ama na mmepe mgbasa ozi na maka ịmepụta ikpo okwu maka ụmụ nwanyị ndị nta akụkọ iji nwee ọganihu na Ụbọchị nnwere onwe mgbasa ozi ụwa, 2022 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ben Bella, two others honoured for championing journalism|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/133251|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> == Ihe odide == <references />   qh9qip9zy4yhlfdekf5lce3hj4462w9 0 38884 729925 728652 2026-10-02T03:25:51Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729925 wikitext text/x-wiki {{databox}} '''Amina Mohammed Baloni''' bụ onye bụbu kọmishọna ahụike maka Steeti Kaduna.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-04-06|title=We've recorded another case of COVID-19, says Kaduna health commissioner|url=https://www.thecable.ng/weve-recorded-another-case-of-covid-19-says-kaduna-health-commissioner|access-date=2024-09-10|newspaper=[[TheCable]]|last=Shibayan|first=Dyepkazah}}</ref> Mallam họpụtara ya dịka onye isi oche Nasir El-Rufai. ==Ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ mbụ== Aisha Baloni gara Kaduna Capital School, Queen's College Lagos na Ahmadu Bello University Ụlọọgwụ Teaching Hospital dị na Kaduna ebe ọ zụrụ ọzụzụ dịka dọkịta. O nwetara asambodo n'ọtụtụ ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ma gaa ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ahụike na mmepe.<ref>{{cite web|title=Added by @the_almajira Instagram post|url=https://www.picuki.com/media/2193004956947305105|access-date=2020-11-10|website=www.picuki.com}}</ref> == Ọrụ == N'oge ọrịa COVID-19, Baloni gbara onye ọ bụla bi na steeti Kaduna ume ka ọ nabata onwe ya n'ebe a na-elekọta ndị ọrịa maka ọgwụgwọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dr Amina Mohammed-Baloni|work=Dateline Nigeria|url=https://www.dateline.ng/tag/dr-amina-mohammed-baloni/|access-date=2020-11-10|language=en-US}}</ref> Baloni kọrọ akụkọ gbasara ikpe ọhụrụ n'ime steeti ahụ. <ref>{{cite news|title=Kaduna captures fleeing COVID-19 patients|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/kaduna-captures-fleeing-covid-19-patients/|location=Lagos, Nigeria|date=2020-05-10|access-date=2024-09-10|newspaper=[[The Nation (Nigeria)|The Nation]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Amina Mohammed Baloni Archives|url=https://www.thecable.ng/tag/amina-mohammed-baloni|access-date=2020-11-10|newspaper=[[TheCable]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116003844/https://www.thecable.ng/tag/amina-mohammed-baloni|archive-date=2020-11-16|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tupu mkpọchi steeti Kaduna, naanị mmadụ 316 nwere ihe dị mma, mana ọnụọgụgụ ahụ mụbara ngwa ngwa ruo 1,611. O kwuru sị "Tupu ugbu a, naanị mmadụ asaa n'ime mpaghara gọọmentị ime obodo 23 nwere ndị butere ọrịa mana COVID-19 dị na gọọmentị ime obodo 17.".<ref>{{cite journal|title=Figures 19. and 1.14. Net government investment has fallen, especially by local governments|series=OECD Economic Surveys: Germany 2016|doi=10.1787/888933345492}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Baloni, Amina Mohammed}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] gl7up2dgaf00s9s1h1p9nkmgyaoiokt 0 38912 729922 728627 2026-10-02T03:20:54Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729922 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Amina Abubakar Bello|birth_name=Amina Abdulsalami Abubakar|birth_date=1973|birth_place=Benni City, Edo State, Nigeria|occupation=Doctor|title=First Lady of Niger State|predecessor=Hajiya Jummai Babangida Aliyu|spouse=[[Abubakar Sani Bello]]|parents=}} '''Amina Abubakar Bello''' bụ mbụ mbụ nke Niger State, Nigeria na onye dibịa bekee, ịdị n'alụ ụmụ na onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ == Akụkọ ndụ == A mụrụ Bello na [[Benin City]], [[Edo State]], Naịjirịa na 1973. Ọ bụ ada onye bụbu onye ọkaikpe ukwu nke steeti Niger [[Fati Lami Abubakar]] na onye bụbu Onyeisi ala General [[Abdulsalami Abubakar]]. Ọ lụrụ Gọvanọ steeti Niger [[Abubakar Sani Bello]]. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na ABU Zaria, Naịjirịa na United Kingdom. Ọ bụ dọkịta ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara ịmụ nwa na ụmụ nwanyị.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Dr Amina Abubakar Sani Bello : The true story of An erudite medical practitioner |language=en |work=Nigerian Voice |url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/286318/dr-amina-abubakar-sani-bello-the-true-story-of-an-erudite.html |access-date=2023-02-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Oyediji |first=Tayo |date=2019-11-18 |title=Meet NIGER 1st Lady, Dr AMINA BELLO Who Is Gen. ABDULSALAM ABUBAKAR'S Daughter |url=https://www.citypeopleonline.com/meet-niger-1st-lady-dr-amina-bello-who-is-gen-abdulsalam-abubakars-daughter/ |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=City People Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ajumobi |first=Kemi |date=2020-09-11 |title=First Lady Of Niger State, AMINA ABUBAKAR BELLO, empowering women, solving the plight of their health concerns |url=https://businessday.ng/interview/women-in-business/article/first-lady-of-niger-state-amina-abubakar-bello-empowering-women-solving-the-plight-of-their-health-concerns/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2023-02-21 |newspaper=[[BusinessDay (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Mgbe a ṅụrụ di ya iyi dịka Gọvanọ nke Steeti Naịja, Bello rụrụ ọrụ afọ ofufo na General Hospital Minna, ebe ọ nọ na-elekọta ndị ọrịa.<ref>{{Cite news |last=vanguard |date=2015-07-14 |title=Gov's wife takes up job as gynaecologist |url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/07/govs-wife-takes-up-job-as-gynaecologist/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2023-02-21 |newspaper=[[Vanguard (Nigeria)|Vanguard]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> Na 2016, Bello hiwere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ [https://Raisefoundation.org.ng Raise Foundation.] Òtù a anọwo na-akwado maka ahụike ka mma maka ụmụ nwanyị, ọkachasị n'ihe gbasara nyocha na ọgwụgwọ kansa ara na cervical cancer, na-ekwusi ike na kansa cervical bụ nke anọ kachasị na-akpata ọnwụ n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị ma na-emetụta ihe dị ka nde mmadụ 4.1. Ọzọkwa, opekata mpe 80% nke ndị butere ọrịa ahụ si mba ndị dị ala na ndị na-enweta ego etiti dịka Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-03-25 |title=How to eliminate cervical cancer in Nigeria by 2030 |url=https://guardian.ng/features/science/how-to-eliminate-cervical-cancer-in-nigeria-by-2030/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2023-02-22 |newspaper=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Site na ntọala ya na nkwado sitere na Mainstream Foundation, Bello guzobere ebe mmepe ụmụ nwanyị kachasị ọhụrụ na Kontagora nke e zubere iji nye ọrụ nlekọta ahụike nye ụmụ nwanyị ndị metụtara vesicovaginal fistula (VVF).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ajumobi |first=Kemi |date=2020-09-11 |title=First Lady Of Niger State, AMINA ABUBAKAR BELLO, empowering women, solving the plight of their health concerns |url=https://businessday.ng/interview/women-in-business/article/first-lady-of-niger-state-amina-abubakar-bello-empowering-women-solving-the-plight-of-their-health-concerns/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date= 23-02-22 |newspaper=[[BusinessDay (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]]|language=en-US}}</ref> == Echiche == Dịka akụkụ nke nkwado ya na mkpọsa kansa ara, Bello kọwara ọrụ dị mkpa nke ndị ndu okpukperechi na-arụ, na-ekwu, sị: "Anyị kwesịrị ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti okpukperechi na ahụike anyị. Anyị enweghị ike ịga Ụka ​​ma ọ bụ ụlọ alakụba maka ndị pastọ na ndị imam anyị ka ha gwọọ anyị maka ọrịa kansa. Ee, anyị nwere ike ikpe ekpere n'ihi na ọ bụ naanị Chineke nwere ike ịgwọ anyị, mana Chineke enyela anyị ngwaọrụ ndị anyị kwesịrị iji nweta ọgwụgwọ ahụ."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Yaba |first=Mohammed I. |date=2022-11-07 |title=Stop patronising pastors, imams for cancer treatment – Niger gov’s wife tells women |url=https://dailytrust.com/stop-patronising-pastors-imams-for-cancer-treatment-niger-govs-wife-tells-women/ |access-date=2023-02-22 |newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Simon |first=Stephanie |date=2022-11-07 |title=Breast Cancer: Niger State Governor's wife stresses regular examination |url=https://von.gov.ng/breast-cancer-niger-state-governors-wife-stresses-regular-examination/ |access-date=2023-02-22 |newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]] |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222173454/https://von.gov.ng/breast-cancer-niger-state-governors-wife-stresses-regular-examination/ |archive-date=2023-02-22 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Bello kwadoro ka e guzobe ụlọ ọrụ ndị nọọsụ na òtù gọọmentị na ndị na-abụghị nke gọọmentị na Naịjirịa iji mee ka ọrụ nke inye ara naanị n'etiti ndị nne na-enye nwa ara dị mfe.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Akintonde |first=Oluwasola |date=2022-08-11 |title=Niger State First Lady Urges Organisations To Establish Creche |url=https://von.gov.ng/niger-state-first-lady-urges-organisations-to-establish-creche/ |access-date=2023-02-22 |newspaper=[[Voice of Nigeria]] |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222173454/https://von.gov.ng/niger-state-first-lady-urges-organisations-to-establish-creche/ |archive-date=2023-02-22 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Dịka Onyeisi oche nke Kọmitii Njikwa GBV, Bello kwadoro ka e mee iwu megide ime ihe ike dabere na nwoke na nwanyị na Steeti Niger, na-ekwu na ọ dị mkpa ka e guzobe ebe ndị ọzọ na-enye aka na Ụlọ ọgwụ izube niile dị na steeti ahụ iji lebara okwu gbasara ndina n'ike na mmegbu ndị ọzọ anya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Minna |first=Abubakar Akote |date=2022-08-09 |title=Niger records 175 rape cases in 19 months |url=https://dailytrust.com/niger-records-175-rape-cases-in-19-months/ |access-date=2023-02-22 |newspaper=[[Daily Trust]]|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Muhammad |first=Zahra |date=2022-08-10 |title=Niger Gov's Wife Says Male Child Molestation on an Increase |url=https://insightminna.com/niger-govs-wife-says-male-child-molestation-on-an-increase/ |access-date=2023-02-22 |website=Insightminna |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222173454/https://insightminna.com/niger-govs-wife-says-male-child-molestation-on-an-increase/ |archive-date=2023-02-22 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Bello bụkwa onye na-akwado agụmakwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị n'ihi na ọ maara na ụmụ agbọghọ egosila n'ụwa niile ka oge na-aga na mgbe enyere ha ohere inweta agụmakwụkwọ, inweta nkà na ohere, ha agaghị abụ naanị ndị nnọchi anya mgbanwe kamakwa ndị nlereanya dị mma n'obodo.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Online |first=Tribune |date=2022-10-11 |title=Niger gov's wife charges parents on girl-child education |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/niger-govs-wife-charges-parents-on-girl-child-education/ |access-date=2023-02-22 |newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> N'ịchọ ka ụmụ nwanyị sonye n'ọkwa ndị a họpụtara na ndị a họpụtara, Bello kpọrọ oku ka a gbanwee akụkọ site n'ụzọ okpukperechi na omenala..<ref>{{Cite news |last=Online |first=Tribune |date=2022-11-18 |title=Women have legal rights in Islam to hold leadership positions — Muslim scholars |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/women-have-legal-rights-in-islam-to-hold-leadership-positions-muslim-scholars/ |access-date=2023-02-22 |newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> Banyere enweghị ntụkwasị obi, Bello gosipụtara mwute ya maka mmeso obi ọjọọ e mere ụmụ nwoke Tagina mgbe ha nọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ma dụọ ndị ahụ metụtara ọdụ ka ha ghara ikwe ka ihe ọjọọ ahụ mee ka ha ghara ịga akwụkwọ ọzọ..<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dennis |first=Priscilla |date=2021-08-28 |title=Kidnapped pupils faced inhumane treatment - Wife of Niger Gov |url=https://dailypost.ng/2021/08/28/kidnapped-pupils-faced-inhumane-treatment-wife-of-niger-gov/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2023-02-22 |newspaper=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|language=en-US}}</ref> N'oge mmalite nke usoro nke abụọ nke ọgwụ mgbochi COVID-19 na Steeti Naịja, Bello gbara ụmụ amaala ume ka ha mara nke ọma gbasara ọrịa a dị ize ndụ nke ya.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Online |first=Tribune |date=2021-12-09 |title=Niger governor’s wife flags off 2nd phase Of COVID-19 vaccination, others |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/niger-governors-wife-flags-off-2nd-phase-of-covid-19-vaccination-others/ |access-date=2023-02-22 |newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> O gosikwara mmegide megide ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe na ndị na-eme mgbanwe ma gbaa ha ume ka ha chegharịa echiche ha maka Nigeria nke kewara ekewa.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Secession: Niger Governor's wife sends message to Igboho, Asari|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2021/03/30/secession-niger-governors-wife-sends-message-to-igboho-asari/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2023-02-22 |language=en-US|newspaper=[[P.M. News]]}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, e nwere ebubo gbasara ndị otu NGO ya na-ere mmiri nye ndị bi na isi obodo steeti Minna, nke ọ gọrọ..<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-06-13 |title=Outcry over Niger Gov wife's alleged involvement in selling water to residents {{!}} The Nation Newspaper |language=en-US |work=The Nation Newspaper |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/outcry-over-niger-gov-wifes-alleged-involvement-in-selling-water-to-residents/ |access-date=2023-02-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Online |first=Tribune |date=2021-06-18 |title=Niger gov’s wife rebuts sale of water to Minna residents |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/niger-govs-wife-rebuts-sale-of-water-to-minna-residents/ |access-date=2023-02-22 |newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bello, Amina Abubakar}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ifftwqrmnj7q0tzei9w2m4rwh1nad4f 0 38913 729924 728626 2026-10-02T03:22:22Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729924 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Dr Amina Ahmed El-Imam|image=|caption=Amina Ahmed El-Imam|birth_date={{birth date and age|27 July 1983|df=y}}|nationality=[[Nigeria]]|citizenship=Nigerian|education=|alma_mater=[[Ahmadu Bello University|ABU]], [[Nottingham University]] [[United Kingdom]]|employer=Kwara State Government, University Of Ilorin|title=Kwara State Commissioner for Health}} . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Amina M. Ahmed El-Imam|url=https://scholar.google.com.my/citations?user=b9QdSaYAAAAJ&hl=en|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=scholar.google.com.my}}</ref>'''Amina Ahmed El-Imam''' (amuru 27 Julaị 1983) bu onye Naijiria microbiologist, akwukwo na onye agha , Kọmishọna maka ngwaọrụ na Kwara State.  Ọ bụ nwa amaala Offa, Kwara State na onye nkuzi ukwu na microbiology na Mahadum Ilorin, Nigeria <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Amina Ahmed El-Imam {{!}} University of Ilorin - Academia.edu|url=https://unilorin.academia.edu/AminaAhmedElImam|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=unilorin.academia.edu}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Sulaimon|first=Adekunle|date=2023-08-14|title=UNILORIN don, others make Kwara commissioner-nominees list|url=https://punchng.com/unilorin-don-others-make-kwara-commissioner-nominees-list/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=Punch Newspapers|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=You are being redirected...|url=https://kwarastate.gov.ng/commissioner/dr-amina-ahmed-el-imam/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=kwarastate.gov.ng}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ El-Imam na ụbọchị iri abụọ na asaa nke ọnwa Julaị afọ 1983, na Naịjirịa, o nwetara akara ugo mmụta microbiology na Mahadum Ahmadu Bello, Zaria, Naịjirịa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Amina Ahmed El-Imam, Ph.D. |url=https://asm.org/Biographies/Amina-Ahmed-El-Imam,-Ph-D |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=ASM.org |language=en}}</ref> Ọ nọ na mmemme Fulbright Ọkà mmụta nleta nke ọnwa itoolu na Mahadum Steeti North Carolina, Raleigh, North Carolina. <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231110073253/https://www.unilorin.edu.ng/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/STAFF-PROFILE-FORM-NEW-1.xlsx Staff profile] unilorin.edu.ng</ref> == Ọrụ == Ahmed El-Imam, onye nkuzi ukwu nke ọkachamara na nri na microbiology ụlọ ọrụ na Mahadum Ilorin, na-eje ozi dị ka onye nkuzi na microbiology. Ọ gụchara PhD ya na Biological Systems and Organics na Mahadum Nottingham na United Kingdom na 2017. Njem agụmakwụkwọ ya gụnyekwara nzere Master na otu ngalaba ahụ na Mahadum Ahmadu Bello na 2007 na nzere bachelọ na Biological Systems and Organics site n'otu mahadum ahụ na 2003.<ref name=unot>{{cite thesis|author=Amina Ahmed El-Imam|title=Fermentative production of value-added products from sorghum bran|url=https://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/43425/|location=[[University of Nottingham]]|degree=PhD|year=2017}}</ref> ===Agụmakwụkwọ=== El-Imam bụ onye nkuzi ukwu na microbiology na Mahadum Ilorin, Naịjirịa, ọkachamara na nri na microbiology ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ogunyemi |first=Ifedayo |date=2022-03-05 |title=Unilorin don links poor attitude to time management to increasing poverty |url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/unilorin-don-links-poor-attitude-to-time-management-to-increasing-poverty/ |access-date=2023-11-10 |newspaper=[[Nigerian Tribune]]|language=en-GB}}</ref> Nnyocha ya lekwasịrị anya na ichekwa nri na ịghọta nje ndị na-adịghị ahụ anya nke metụtara mmebi nke nri ọdịnala dị iche iche. Ọ na-edu otu nnyocha pụrụ iche na nhazi ọnụọgụgụ nke usoro ịgbaze agbaze.<ref>[https://www.udemy.com/course/excellent-public-speaking--stage-fright/ Excellent Public Speaking ] udemy.com</ref> == Ọrụ ndị ọkachamara == El-Imam weghaara ọkwa nke Kwara State Commissioner for Health na Septemba 5, 2023 <ref>{{Cite web|author=Shittu|first=Muftau Mubarak|date=2023-09-05|title=Dr. Amina Ahmed El-Imam Assumes Office as Kwara State Commissioner for Health, Vows to Elevate Healthcare in Kwara|url=https://thecrierng.com/dr-amina-ahmed-el-imam-assumes-office-as-kwara-state-commissioner-for-health-vows-to-elevate-healthcare-in-kwara/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=The Crier|language=en-US}}</ref> ka ahọpụtachara ya na July 27, 2023 <ref>{{Cite web|author=Salami|first=Biodun|date=2023-08-18|title=What do you know about Kwara female commissioner-nominee Dr Amina El-Imam?|url=https://nigeriansketch.com/what-do-you-know-about-kwara-female-commissioner-nominee-dr-amina-el-imam/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=Nigerian Sketch|language=en-US}}</ref> wee nweta nkwenye na August 29, 2023. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-08-29|title=Commissioner-designate, Dr Amina Ahmed El-Imam, appreciates Gov. AbdulRazaq, Olofa, Speaker, APC leaders, others|url=https://solidmedia974482948.wordpress.com/2023/08/29/commissioner-designate-dr-amina-ahmed-el-imam-appreciates-gov-abdulrazaq-olofa-speaker-apc-leaders-others/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=Solid Media|language=en}}</ref> == Mmezu ndị pụtara ìhè == El-Imam sonyeere Board Advisory nke PressPayNg, ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ agụmakwụkwọ na-enye ihe ngwọta ego okike maka ụmụ akwụkwọ kọleji na Nigeria. <ref name="auto">{{Cite web|author=press_admin|date=2022-05-26|title=Dr. Amina Ahmed El-Imam joins PressPayNg Advisory Board.|url=https://presspay.ng/news/2022/05/26/dr-amina-ahmed-el-imam-joins-presspayng-advisory-board/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=PressPayNg Blog|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-11-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110075046/https://presspay.ng/news/2022/05/26/dr-amina-ahmed-el-imam-joins-presspayng-advisory-board/}}</ref> Ekwenyere nhọpụta El-Imam dị ka Kwara State Honorable Commissioner For Health na August 29, 2023. Ọ nọchitere anya Gọvanọ Kwara State na ọrụ ọchịchị. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Japa: Govt advised to use expertise, resources of diaspora to improve health - Daily Trust|url=https://dailytrust.com/japa-govt-advised-to-use-expertise-resources-of-diaspora-to-improve-health/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=dailytrust.com}}</ref> == Mgbasa ozi ahụike na Kwara == El-Imam, sonyere nke ọma n'ọtụtụ atụmatụ dị iche iche. Ndị a gụnyere mmemme iziga ahụike n'ofe steeti ahụ, nleta na Offa Specialist Hospital,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-10-08 |title=FREE SURGICAL OUTREACH ENTERS 2ND WEEK |url=http://www.kwaramoc.com.ng/2023/10/free-surgical-outreach-enters-2nd-week.html |access-date=2023-11-10}}</ref> na nleta gọọmentị na onye osisi dara ada nwụrụ na Ilorin.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Olesin |first=Abdullahi |date=2023-10-23 |title=2 Die As Tree Falls On Commuters In Kwara |url=https://leadership.ng/2-die-as-tree-falls-on-commuters-in-kwara/ |access-date=2023-11-10 |language=en-US|newspaper=[[Leadership (newspaper)|Leadership]]}}</ref> Additionally, o tinyere aka dị mkpa n'ọrụ mmalite nke mkpọsa ọrịa Measles nke afọ 2023 na mgbasa ozi mgbochi ọrịa kwa ụbọchị na Ilorin<ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-10-28 |title=KWARA GOVT LAUNCHES ANTI-MEASLES VACCINATION CAMPAIGN FOR UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN |url=http://www.kwaramoc.com.ng/2023/10/kwara-govt-launches-anti-measles.html |access-date=2023-11-10 |language=en-GB}}</ref> Nkwenye Gọvanọ kwadoro maka mgbasa ozi ahụike steeti ahụ mere ka o doo anya na mbọ ndị a dị mkpa.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fagbayi |first=Grace |date=2023-09-19 |title=Kwara free health sugry |url=https://radiokwara.com/news/general-news/gov-abdulrahman-abdulrazak-kwara-free-surgical-health/ |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=Radio Kwara News |language=en-US |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110082206/https://radiokwara.com/news/general-news/gov-abdulrahman-abdulrazak-kwara-free-surgical-health/ |archive-date=2023-11-10 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, Dr. El-Imam weghaara Ụlọ Ọgwụ Ọrịa Kansa,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ogor |first=Jennifer |date=2023-10-06 |title=Kwara lays foundation for cancer treatment centre |url=https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/10/06/kwara-lays-foundation-for-cancer-treatment-centre/ |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=FRCN HQ |language=en-US |archive-date=10 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231110080706/https://radionigeria.gov.ng/2023/10/06/kwara-lays-foundation-for-cancer-treatment-centre/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> na-ekwu maka ọnụọgụgụ dị egwu nke ọnwụ kansa 62,000 kwa afọ na Naịjirịa, dịka Gọvanọ Abdulrahaman Abdulrazaq si kwuo na Ọktoba 6, 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Adebayo |first=Abdulrazaq |date=2023-10-06 |title=Nigeria records 62,000 cancer deaths annually - Gov Abdulrazaq |url=https://dailypost.ng/2023/10/06/10-million-cancer-cases-recorded-yearly-in-nigeria-gov-abdulrazaq/ |location=Lagos, Nigeria|access-date=2023-11-10 |newspaper=[[Daily Post (Nigeria)|Daily Post]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Usoro a zuru oke na-egosi nkwa ya ime ka ahụike dịkwuo mma na idozi nsogbu ahụike dị oke mkpa na Kwara Steeti. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:El-Imam, Amina Ahmed}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] cmhlbbz6uediojyntwhsg7av68hskk0 0 39782 729908 181961 2026-10-02T00:12:01Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729908 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Aisha Ahmad Suleiman''' amụrụ (17 Disemba 2001) bụ onye na-egwu egwuregwu polo nwanyi Northern Nigeria, onye na-ese foto na onye ọchụnta ego. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Othman|first=Fatima|title='How I'm changing the polo game'|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-africa-48697253/aisha-ahmad-suleiman-people-tried-to-stop-me-playing-polo|work=[[BBC News]]|language=en|accessdate=12 March 2020}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye [[Ȯra Kogi|Kogi steeti]] . Amuru ya ma tolite na [[Ȯra Kaduna|Kaduna steeti]] [[Naijiria]] . Aisha bụ otu n'ime ụmụnwaanyị ole na ole na-egwu egwuregwu polo n'ụwa na ọ bụ naanị nwanyị na-egwu egwuregwu polo nke [[Ógbè Ebe Ugwu, Naịjirịa|Northern Nigeria]] ugbu a. Ọ na-agba maka Kaduna Polo Club . <ref name="alhassan">{{Cite web|author=Alhassan|first=Rayyan|title=I get bullied, discriminated when playing with males, says Kaduna female Polo player, Aisha Sulaiman|url=https://dailynigerian.com/i-get-bullied-discriminated-when-playing-with-males-says-kaduna-female-polo-player-aisha-sulaiman/|work=[[Daily Nigerian]]|accessdate=12 March 2020|date=3 December 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|author=Williams|first=Tommy|title=Meet 30 Inspirational Women This Women’s History Month|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/tommywilliams1/2021/03/08/meet-30-inspirational-women-this-womens-history-month/|accessdate=2021-08-30|work=Forbes|language=en}}</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na ndabere == Aisha Ahmad Suleiman bụ onye okpuru ọchịchị Adavi na [[Ȯra Kogi|Kogi steeti]], amuru ma zụlite ya na Kaduna North, [[Ȯra Kaduna|Kaduna State]], [[Naijiria|Nigeria]] . Ọ bụ ada Ahmad Suleiman na Hauwa Bello. Aisha Ahmad Suleiman gara nursery, primary and secondary school na [[Kaduna]] . <ref name="alhassan"/> == Ọrụ == Nzute mbụ Suleiman na ịnyịnya nwere bụ mgbe ya na ndị enyi ya gara egwuregwu polo. <ref name="folio">{{Cite web|date=6 April 2021|title=Aisha Ahmad, Princess of Polo|url=https://folio.ng/aisha-ahmad-princess-of-polo/|accessdate=27 August 2021|work=Folio.ng}}</ref> Aisha Ahmad Suleiman kpọtụụrụ otu nwoke aha ya bụ Husseini Muhammed bụ onye bụbu onye nkuzi na onye na-azụ egwuregwu polo beginners na [[Kaduna]] . <ref name="folio" /> Husseini nyere mallet mbụ ya ka ya na ya na-egwu egwu. Aisha gbara asọmpi mbụ ya na 17 Disemba 2017 na Kaduna. == Ihe nrite na ihe nrite == * Onye meriri Dantata na Sawoe Cup, Kano International Tournament 2018 * Onye meriri nke iko Gọvanọ, Port Harcourt International Tournament 2019. * Onye meriri nke iko Gọvanọ, Kano International Tournament 2019. * Afọ Nwanyị Egwuregwu 2020, Northern Pandora Awards * Onye a họpụtara maka izu ịnyịnya Afrịka 2020 <ref>{{Cite web|author=Reply|first=A. y Kankia 2020/08/11 at 4:06 pm ·|date=2020-08-11|title=Not an all boys club anymore; meet Northern Nigeria's only female Polo Player|url=https://newswirengr.com/2020/08/11/not-an-all-boys-club-anymore-meet-northern-nigerias-first-female-polo-player/|accessdate=2021-08-30|work=NewsWireNGR|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827210237/https://newswirengr.com/2020/08/11/not-an-all-boys-club-anymore-meet-northern-nigerias-first-female-polo-player/|archive-date=2021-08-27|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Aisha Ahmad Suleiman on Instagram * [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/14/black-female-polo-player The black, female polo player changing perceptions in 'sport of kings'] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5bUegZRLPw Nigeria's Aisha Suleman breaking barriers for women in Polo] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ehbzqjt1ajqhsel8vfmmpa68o1kyfos 0 39930 729906 157779 2026-10-01T23:40:05Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729906 wikitext text/x-wiki . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-07-07|title=Bangladesh Hunger Relief in Asia|url=https://www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/asia/bangladesh|accessdate=2021-09-14|publisher=Action Against Hunger}}</ref>Agụụ na Bangladesh bụ otu n'ime isi okwu na- ụmụ amaala Bangladesh .  Mba Bangladesh bụ otu n'ime obodo ndị mmadụ bi na ụwa na ebe obibi maka ihe ụmụaka nde mmadụ 160. Ọ na-aga n'ihu nke ukwuu na Human Development Index, akụkụ na mpaghara nke ịgụ akwụkwọ na ndụ ndụ, ma  akara ahaghị nhata akụ na mụrụamụbawo na ihe dị ka 32% nke ndị bi na ya, bụ 50 nde mmadụ, ka na-ebi na oke ogbenye ogbenye. . <ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|author=Haque|first=Md Ahshanul|title=Factors associated with child hunger among food insecure households in Bangladesh|journal=BMC Public Health|date=December 2017|volume=17|issue=1|id={{ProQuest|1873498976}}|doi=10.1186/s12889-017-4108-z|pmid=28209154}}<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles></ref>Na Bangladesh 40% nke obodo dabara n'okpuru ụdị atọ: agụụ mmekọahụ na-akpali na-adịghị ala ala == Nsonaazụ == . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/bangladesh_bangladesh_statistics.html|title=Statistics|publisher=UNICEF|accessdate=2018-10-17|language=en-US}}</ref>Enwere ọtụtụ ihe na-esi na agụụ na Bangladesh, ya bụ erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ́, erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ n'ime ụgbọ, ịkwọ ụgbọ, na imefusị ụgbọ.  [1] Dị ka UNICEF si kwuo, e nwere isi ihe atọ a ga-esi na ya pụta: 36.4% arọ (dị obere) 36.4%, ụrọtụ dị na 41.3%, ịla n'iyi bụ 15.6% A kọwapụtara nkwutọ ụmụaka dị ka nwatakịrị ịbụ nhụsianya abụọ dị ala karịa nkezi ịdị elu maka afọ ndụ ha yana imefusị ụmụaka bụ nwatakịrị nwere ụkpụrụ abụọ dị ala karịa nkezi arọ maka ịdị elu. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/stats_popup2.html|title=Nutrition Definition|accessdate=2018-12-17|archivedate=2020-04-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200420025046/https://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/stats_popup2.html}}</ref> Agụụ bụ okwu kwụsịrị kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ, ma Bangladesh egosila nnukwu mbọ maka ibelata agụụ n'ime afọ ole na ole gara aga, ọkachasị n'otu oge kacha sie ike na ngwụcha 1970s, <ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|author=Sobhan|first=Rehman|title=Politics of Food and Famine in Bangladesh|journal=Economic and Political Weekly|year=1979|volume=14|issue=48|pages=1973–1980|url=https://www.epw.in/journal/1979/48/special-articles/politics-food-and-famine-bangladesh.html}}</ref> n'agbanyeghị na mbido 2000s bụkwa ihe ịma aka. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wfp.org/stories/10-facts-about-hunger-bangladesh|title=UN World Food Programme|work=wfp.org|language=en|accessdate=2018-12-14|archivedate=2018-12-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217111108/https://www.wfp.org/stories/10-facts-about-hunger-bangladesh}}</ref> N'oge ụnwụ nri a, ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ ugbo amaghị otú e si enye nri n'ihi na ala ahụ enweghị nri n'ihi ọrụ ugbo siri ike. <ref name=":5" /> == Ihe kpatara ya == Ihe na-ebute agụụ na steeti dị iche iche nke Bangladesh bụ enweghị akụrụngwa na agụmakwụkwọ. <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|author=Na|first=Muzi|date=8 September 2015|title=Validation of the food access survey tool to assess household food insecurity in rural Bangladesh|journal=BMC Public Health|volume=15|issue=1|doi=10.1186/s12889-015-2208-1|pmid=26346311}}</ref> ''BMC Ọha'' na-akọwa agụụ dị ka "Nri nwere oke ma ọ bụ ejighị n'aka nke nri na-edozi ahụ zuru oke ma ọ bụ ikike a na-ejighị n'aka iji nweta nri ndị a na-anabata n'ụzọ ọha mmadụ nabatara". <ref name=":2"/> [[Usòrò:The_global_hunger_index_is_calculated_as_follows.jpg|alt=GHI|thumb|312x312px| Ndekọ agụụ zuru ụwa ọnụ]] == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == . <ref name=":22">{{Cite journal|author=Finer|first=S.|date=2016-11-01|title=Is famine exposure during developmental life in rural Bangladesh associated with a metabolic and epigenetic signature in young adulthood? A historical cohort study|journal=BMJ Open|language=en|volume=6|issue=11|pages=e011768|doi=10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011768|issn=2044-6055|pmid=27881521}}</ref>Mgbe agha maka ntọhapụ ha na 1971 aabo, Bangladesh chere ọtụtụ nsogbu ihu, ma nke anụ ahụ ma nke akụ na nna.  Akụ na egwu ha nnukwu ụkọ na ha ga-agba mbọ imezi anụ ahụ niile nke ogụ ahụ ahụ.  [1] Mgbe e hụ na 1974, oké mmirika kpara Bangladesh bụ nke nkerụ ihe ka ukwuu n'ihe kpatara n'afọ ahụ.  [2] ọrịjọ udu mmiri, akwụkwọ ya na nsogbu ndị dị adị, dị ka ndị agha maka akwụkwọ eserese onwe, eserese ụnwụ nri na-agbawa obi == Eziokwu == # Bangladesh nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụaka na-erubeghị oke karịa n'etiti mba niile dị na ndịda Eshia. <ref name=":8">{{Cite web|title=10 Facts About Hunger In Bangladesh – Bangladesh|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/bangladesh/10-facts-about-hunger-bangladesh|accessdate=2021-09-13|work=ReliefWeb|language=en}}</ref> A na-ejide otu n'ime ụmụaka abụọ ọ bụla na-erubeghị afọ 5 ma ọ bụ na-akwụ ụgwọ na-adịghị ala ala, na pasent 14 na-enwe nnukwu mkpofu. WHO kwuru na mmadụ abụọ n'ime mmadụ atọ nwụrụ n'erubeghị ise na-anwụ site na erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ. # N'ime nde mmadụ 50 na-efunahụ nchekwa nri na Bangladesh, ihe na-erughị ọkara nwere ohere ịnweta mmemme netwọk nchekwa nri <ref name=":8" /> # Enweghị nri na erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ n'etiti ndị mmadụ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ dị elu. Ihe ndị a na-emetụta oge oge yana ọnụ ahịa nri dịnụ. <ref name=":8" /> # Enweghị nchekwa nri na Bangladesh sitere na oke ịda ogbenye n'ihi n'okpuru na enweghị ọrụ, ezughị oke ịnweta ala maka ịkọ ihe, mkpochapụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ọdachi ndị na-emere onwe ya. N'ebe ndị a nọ n'ihe ize ndụ, ụkọ nri na erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ na-emetụta ndị ogbenye, ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka. <ref name=":8" /> # Ihe dị ka pasenti 24 nke ụmụ nwanyị na-ebelata ibu na pasent 13 bụ ndị toro eto, nke na-eme ka ohere nke ụmụ ha na-ata ahụhụ. <ref name=":8" /> # Ihe dị ka 25% nke nri ụmụaka na-agbaso ụkpụrụ nri dị iche iche nke a na-eri opekempe 4 n'ime otu nri asaa kwa ụbọchị. <ref name=":8" /> # A na-ekesa àjà n'iji nri maka ọdịmma nri ụmụaka, ọkachasị n'oge ụkọ. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọ bụ nwanyị toro eto kwesịrị ịchụ àjà. Ụbịam na-enweghị atụ nke ezubere iche maka ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka na-abịa n'ihi ịkpa ókè na ọdịnala nke mwepụ, na-ahapụ ha ka ha bụrụ ndị na-adịghị ike. <ref name=":8" /> # N'ime ezinụlọ ndị bara ọgaranya, pasent 26 nke ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ 5 na-akwụ ụgwọ na pasent 12 na-efunahụ ha. Erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ́ abụghị nanị ihe mgbaàmà nke ịda ogbenye. Ịda ogbenye ebelatala nke ukwuu kemgbe 2010, na-ada site na 49% ruo gburugburu 25% na 2016. Otú ọ dị, agụụ ka na-adịgide. <ref name=":8" /> # Mmejọ nke obere nri na-eduga na "agụụ zoro ezo ." <ref name=":8" /> # Ọdachi gburugburu ebe obibi, ma ọ bụrụ na e leghaara ha anya nwere ike ịbawanye ụkọ nri. Ọzọkwa, idei mmiri, enweghị ọrụ n'ime ime obodo, enweghị agụmakwụkwọ na ọzụzụ na ụzọ ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide kpatara mmebi ala nke na-emetụta mmepụta osikapa. <ref name=":8" /> == Ọnụọgụ == Agụụ na Bangladesh ndị nọ n'etiti na obere klaasị na-eto ngwa ngwa ma e jiri ya tụnyere mba ndịda Eshia ndị ọzọ na agụụ ka bụ okwu. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.globalhungerindex.org/case-studies/2018-bangladesh.html|title=A Closer Look at Hunger and Undernutrition in Bangladesh|work=Global Hunger Index – Official Website of the Peer-Reviewed Publication|language=en|accessdate=2018-12-14}}</ref> Bangladesh amụbaala n'ụzọ akụ na ụba mana ọ ka na-eche nnukwu nsogbu agụụ obodo ihu na ihe dị ka nde 40 nọ nso agụụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/stats_popup2.html|title=UNICEF – Definitions|work=unicef.org|accessdate=2018-12-15|archivedate=2020-04-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200420025046/https://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/stats_popup2.html}}</ref> Global Hunger Index bụ usoro ogo nke na-atụ agụụ zuru ụwa ọnụ, mpaghara, na obodo. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://aims.fao.org/activity/blog/2017-global-hunger-index-long-term-progress-reducing-hunger-data-sharing-helps|title=2017 Global Hunger Index: long-term progress in reducing hunger. Data Sharing helps equalize change in the food system {{!}} Agricultural Information Management Standards (AIMS)|work=aims.fao.org|accessdate=2018-12-15}}</ref> Bangladesh nwere ọkwa 90 n'ime mba 118 ugbu a. <ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=https://www.globalhungerindex.org/case-studies/2018-bangladesh.html|title=A Closer Look at Hunger and Undernutrition in Bangladesh|work=Global Hunger Index – Official Website of the Peer-Reviewed Publication|language=en|accessdate=2018-12-15}}</ref> Ụmụaka na-enwe agụụ na-adịghị ala ala na-anwụ kwa sekọnd ise ọ bụla. <ref name=":7" /> === Ụmụaka === Ọrụ nchekwa nri na-ahụ maka nchekwa nri mere ọmụmụ ihe mpaghara adịghị ike: eriri osimiri, ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ, mpaghara hoar, Padma chars, chars ugwu. Na mkpokọta enwere ụmụaka 14,712 sitere na ọnwa 6–59 bụ ndị nwere ụkọ nri. <ref name=":2"/> Ọtụtụ n'ime ụmụaka nwere agụụ na-ebi n'ime ime obodo na-eme 94% nke nnwale ahụ. <ref name=":2" /> Agụụ na erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ ọ bụghị nanị na-emetụta ụmụaka kamakwa ndị agadi; ọmụmụ na Matlab nke dị na 55&nbsp;km ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Dhaka 850 ndị agadi karịa afọ 60 bụ akụkụ nke data nyocha. <ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Ferdous|first=Tamanna|title=The multidimensional background of malnutrition among rural older individuals in Bangladesh - a challenge for the Millennium Development Goal|journal=Public Health Nutrition|date=December 2009|volume=12|issue=12|pages=2270–2278|doi=10.1017/S1368980009005096|pmid=19257922}}</ref> N'ime oge nnwale ahụ 63 nwụrụ n'ihi agụụ na mmadụ 11 kwagara. <ref name=":3" /> Nsonaazụ gosiri na n'ihi agụụ na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike ịmalite ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala. <ref name=":3" /> Ọrịa ndị na-adịghị ala ala bụ ndị malitere na erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ ha nwere mgbe ha bụ ụmụaka. <ref name=":3" /> A mara akpali nke oge dị ka " monga "n'ime ime obodo ụfọdụ nke Bangladesh, kpọmkwem na igwu egwuregwu.  [1] mmetụta a, nke a na-akpọkwa mpaghara Rangpur ka ukwuu, na-adabere kpamkpam na obere mkpịsị aka mkpịsị aka.  [1] Ihe gbasara nke a na-ahụ n'anya n'ihi na ọnụ ọgụgụ ihe mmetụta a dị na-ekpuchi nanị nwayọ n'ime afọ, na-eme ka ndị bi na mpaghara a nwee nri dị ukwuu maka ụnwapụta September ruo ruo mgbe ebighị ebi.  Nọvemba.  [1] Nke abụọ, obere "monga" na-eme kwa afọ ụnwayọ ole na ole tupu "monga" bụ isi na nke na-emebi emebi na ọkara ikpeazụ nke afọ ọ lara.  [2] “monga” nke pere mpe na-adị ihe dị ka otu ọnwa, na-eme site na etiti etiti ruo etiti Ma Achị.. <ref name=":12">{{Cite journal|author=Stevens|first=Briony|year=2017|title=The role of seasonality on the diet and household food security of pregnant women living in rural Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study|journal=Public Health Nutrition|language=en|volume=20|issue=1|pages=121–129|doi=10.1017/S136898001600183X|pmid=27573667|issn=1368-9800}}</ref> === Data akụkọ ihe mere eme === Onu ogugu ndi mmadu n'okpuru opekempe nke oriri ike na nri (nke a makwaara dika oke nke erighi nri) na-egosi pasenti nke ndi mmadu nke nri ha na-eri ezughị oke iji na-aga n'ihu na-egbo mkpa nke ike nri. Ihe omuma a gosiputara dika 5 na-egosi oke erighi nri na-erughi 5%. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Bangladesh Hunger Statistics 2001–2021|url=https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/BGD/bangladesh/hunger-statistics|accessdate=2021-09-13|work=macrotrends.net|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210914000251/https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/BGD/bangladesh/hunger-statistics|archive-date=2021-09-14|url-status=dead}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="3" |Ọnụọgụ agụụ Bangladesh |- ! Afọ ! % nke ndị mmadụ ! Mgbanwe Kwa Afọ |- | 2018 | 13.00% | -0.50% |- | 2017 | 13.50% | -0.60% |- | 2016 | 14.10% | -0.80% |- | 2015 | 14.90% | 0.40% |- | 2014 | 14.50% | 0.30% |- | 2013 | 14.20% | 0.40% |- | 2012 | 13.80% | -0.10% |- | 2011 | 13.90% | 0.10% |- | 2010 | 13.80% | -0.10% |- | 2009 | 13.90% | 0.20% |- | 2008 | 13.70% | -0.30% |- | 2007 | 14.00% | 0.10% |- | 2006 | 13.90% | -0.40% |- | 2005 | 14.30% | -0.20% |- | 2004 | 14.50% | -0.50% |- | 2003 | 15.00% | -0.20% |- | 2002 | 15.20% | -0.80% |- | 2001 | 16.00% | -0.80% |} == Ndekọ agụụ zuru ụwa ọnụ == Ndekọ agụụ zuru ụwa ọnụ (GHI) bụ ụzọ isi gbakọọ na mmetụta agụụ na erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ na ọkwa ụwa, mpaghara na mba === Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ịdị arọ GHI === {| class="wikitable sortable" |Ihe ngosi | Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị njọ <ref>{{Cite web|title=Global Hunger Index (GHI)|url=https://www.who.int/data/maternal-newborn-child-adolescent-ageing/advisory-groups/gama/gama-advisory-group-members|accessdate=2021-09-14|publisher=World Health Organization|language=en}}</ref> |- | GHI | ≥50: oke egwu 35–49.9: egwu 20–34.9: dị njọ 10–19.9: adịghị mma ≤9.9: obere |} == GHI na-ejikọta 4 akụrụngwa egosi == # òkè nke ndị na-erichaghị nri dị ka pasent nke ndị mmadụ; # Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ ise na-ata ahụhụ site na ịla n'iyi, ihe ịrịba ama nke nnukwu erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ; # Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ ise na-ata ahụhụ site na nkwụsị, ihe ịrịba ama nke erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ na-adịghị ala ala; na # ọnụ ọgụgụ ọnwụ nke ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ ise. <ref>{{Cite book|date=October 2016|title=2016 Global Hunger Index|url=http://www.ifpri.org/cdmref/p15738coll2/id/130707/filename/130918.pdf#page=7|publisher=International Food Policy Research Institute|isbn=978-0-89629-226-0}}</ref> === Bangladesh GHI === Na 2020 GHI, Bangladesh nwetara ọnọdụ 75th n'ime mba 107. Bangladesh nwere akara 20.4, nke bụ, dị ka ogo siri ike si dị, ọkwa agụụ dị "dị njọ". == Mmetụta mgbanwe ihu igwe na nchekwa nri == Ịnweta nri nwere ike inwe nghọta na nsonaazụ omume. <ref name=":1"/> Emere ule na mpaghara Gaibandha dị na mgbago ọdịda anyanwụ Bangladesh iji mụọ ọkwa enweghị nchekwa nri ezinụlọ. <ref name=":1" /> Emebere ụfọdụ ngalaba n'ime ọnwa isii iji tụọ ụkọ nri. <ref name=":1" /> . <ref name=":5" />N'ụdị ụfọdụ, egwuregwu nwoke na aha na ndị otu ha.  [1] N'ime obere obodo ebe a na-eme ụmụ nwoke n'ụdị dị iche iche, ndị nne na nna ga-azụ ụmụ ha ndị ikom maka ụmụ ha ndị inyom.  [1] E izi nke okike nne, edekwarala na onye isi ihe nwere ike dị ukwuu n'ihe gbasara iri nri.  [2] Na Bangladesh ka a na-akpagbu ụmụ, a na-ahụkwa ha ka ndị dị ala.  [2] Eziniche ebe ụmụ ekiri bụ ndị na-emeri kaadị na-azụ na obere nri na egosi.  [2] Womenmụ erughị 32% nke ndị n'okpuru ahịrị ego ogbenye.  [2] N'pò ụfọdụ ọ bụ na ụmụ nọ n'ezina na-enweta akwụkwọ, ọ na-enwe mmasị ịnwụ agụụ ha site na 43% [1] N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ụmụ achịkọtala iji nwaa usoro  a.  [2] Ụmụnwanyị nọ na Bangladesh haziela otu anụ iji lụso agụụ na-achọ ala ala ogụ;  fim nke ụmụ 145,000.  [2] Ebumnobi ha bụ ibelata ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ na-agụghị akwụkwọ na uru onwe ha na igosi na ụmụ ka nwere ike igbo mkpa ihe ha.  [2] Ụmụ na-agụghị akwụkwọ na-enwe ike ike irite ihe na-ahụ nkezi maka ụmụaka .  [2] N'ozuzu, ndị inyom a na-ahụ ike ikpochapụ agụụ na-adịghị ala ala n'etiti ụmụ ha.  [2] N'oge a siri ike, ọnụ ọgụgụ buru na ndị okenye nwụrụla 30%.  [3] Ọ bụghị ruo mgbe United States manyere ndị agha ndị Bangladesh ka ha nyere ndị ọrụ ugbo ha aka N'ime afọ iri abụọ gara aga, idei mmiri, oke ọkọchị na ajọ ifufe ebutela nnukwu mfu akụ na ụba na mmebi ihe eji ebi ndụ na Bangladesh. Agriculture bụ nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ na-akpata ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 20% nke GDP na 65% nke ndị ọrụ, ma na-eche nnukwu ihe egwu ihu. <ref name=":10">{{Cite web|url=https://farmingfirst.org/2010/07/climate-change-risks-and-food-security-in-bangladesh/|title=Climate Change Risks and Food Security in Bangladesh|date=13 July 2010}}</ref> Agriculture bụ nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ na-akpata ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 20% nke GDP na 65% nke ndị ọrụ, ha niile nọ n'ihe ize ndụ. Mgbanwe mgbanwe ihu igwe na mbelata ya bụ isi okwu nke mmepe na-adigide na nchekwa nri na Bangladesh. Ọrụ ugbo Bangladesh na-adabere kpamkpam n'ọnọdụ a kapịrị ọnụ nke idei mmiri a na-enwe kwa afọ n'ihi na ha ghọtara na nnukwu idei mmiri na-eme mgbe mgbe nwere ike ịkpata ọdachi. <ref name=":10" /> A na-atụ anya mgbanwe ihu igwe ga-ebelata mmepụta osikapa, bụ isi ihe ọkụkụ nke Bangladesh, ma mee ka mba ahụ dabere n'ihe ọkụkụ ndị ọzọ na ọka ndị a na-ebubata. Na mkpokọta, n'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe, a na-atụ anya na GDP ọrụ ugbo Bangladesh ga-agbada site na 3.1% kwa afọ. Ọ bụghị naanị na ndị a ga-emetụta mpaghara ọrụ ugbo, kamakwa usoro nri niile, ruo na oriri ezinụlọ. <ref name=":10" /> [[Usòrò:Sustainable_Development_Goal_02ZeroHunger.svg|alt=Zero Hunger|thumb| Agụụ efu]] N'ihi ọrịa COVID-19, ịda ogbenye na oke ịda ogbenye na-alọghachi na ndụ ndị mmadụ, bụ ndị meriri onwe ha n'ọbụbụ ọnụ nke ịda ogbenye tupu ọrịa a. Ihe kpatara ya gụnyere mana ọnweghị oke na: enweghị ọrụ, ichepụ iche, na mkpọchi. Ndị bi n'akụkụ ịda ogbenye enweghị ike ịzụta nri, ọ na-esiri ha ike inweta nri na-edozi ahụ. Gọọmenti ga-arụrịrị ọrụ dị mkpa n'oge a siri ike site n'inye nri ma ọ bụ iduzi otu dị iche iche ịnakọta ego iji kwe nkwa na ọ nweghị onye agụụ na-agụ n'ọnọdụ a siri ike. Iji nweta mgbagwoju anya a, anyị ga-agba mbọ ka ọrụ ugbo na-adigide. <ref name=":9">{{Cite news|date=2021-08-24|title=SDG on Zero Hunger and its Prospects in Bangladesh|url=https://www.daily-sun.com/printversion/details/572271/SDG-on-Zero-Hunger-and-its-Prospects-in-Bangladesh|accessdate=2021-09-14|publisher=Daily Sun|language=en}}</ref> ==== Gịnị ka e kwesịrị ime? ==== Dị ka [[World Bank]] si kwuo, Bangladesh na-atụfu ihe dịka 1% nke ala ubi ya kwa afọ. Nke a na-eduga n'ụkọ, n'ihi na ọ bụghị ala niile nwere ike ịkọ. <ref name=":9"/> * Iji nweta uru zuru oke nke akụ na ụba ụwa, gọọmentị kwesịrị inye ndị bi n'ihe ize ndụ uru nchekwa ọha. Nke a ga-eme ka ikike ịzụ ahịa nke ndị dara ogbenye na-akpali akpali, na-emepụta ohere ohere na akụ na ụba obodo. Itinye ego na mmepe zuru oke abụghị naanị omume kamakwa ahụike akụ na ụba. * A na-emepụta otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ijeri metric ton nke nri kwa afọ, nke na-efu akụ na ụba ụwa ijeri dollar 750. A na-ekpochapụ nri a na mba ndị bara ọgaranya, ebe nri na-efunarị na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe n'ihi enweghị nchekwa ma ọ bụ enweghị ike ndị ọrụ ugbo na-ere ihe ọkụkụ ha. * Onye ọ bụla ga-enwerịrị ike iri nri dị mma. Site n'iwulite ahịa na-adigide, anyị ga-ebido na itinye ego n'agbụ ịzụ ahịa na-adigide. Ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ ugbo anaghị enweta ọnụ ahịa kacha mma ma ha ree ihe ubi ha. N'ihi enweghị ụgbọ njem, ha enweghị ike ire ihe ọkụkụ ahụ ozugbo. Imelite akụrụngwa ime obodo, ọkachasị okporo ụzọ, ebe nchekwa na ọkụ eletrik ga-eme ka ndị ọrụ ugbo rute n'ahịa buru ibu. * Osikapa, ọka wit, ọka na soy na-anọchi anya 60% nke oriri calorie zuru ụwa ọnụ. Iji gboo mgbanwe ihu igwe, inye nri na ohere, gọọmentị na ndị NGO kwesịrị inyere ndị ọrụ ugbo aka inyocha na imepụta ihe ọkụkụ ọhụrụ. Ụdị ihe ọkụkụ dị iche iche nwere ike inye ndị mmadụ nri nri na ndụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike. Iji nweta ihe mgbaru ọsọ a, ndị ọrụ ugbo ga-agụsị akwụkwọ n'ịzụlite ngwaahịa ndị a ma nye ha ngwá ọrụ na ihe ọmụma dị mkpa . N'otu aka ahụ, ekwesịrị ka ọha na eze mara ma kụziere ya uru nri dị iche iche dị na nri. * Ezigbo ahụike na nri na-edozi ahụ bụ ihe dị mkpa maka nzụlite nwatakịrị, karịsịa ihe dị ka afọ abụọ. Ekwesịrị ijide n'aka na ụmụntakịrị na ụmụ nwanyị dị ime nwetara nri a chọrọ ka ha wee too nke ọma. * Ọtụtụ mba ejiriwo ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide merie agụụ. Mgbanwe ihu igwe bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị a ma ama na-ebute ụnwụ nri. Ọ na-ejikọta mmepụta nri na nnweta nri; Ebe ọ bụ na mmepụta na-ebelata, ọnụ ahịa nri na-abawanye; Ya mere, ndị ịda ogbenye enweghị ike ịzụta ya na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke agụụ na-amalite ibili. [[Ọrụ ugbo maara nke ọma|Ọrụ ugbo nwere ọgụgụ isi nke ihu igwe]] nwere ike inye aka n'ibelata agụụ site na ibelata akara ụkwụ carbon nke mmepụta ugbo. Atụmatụ [[Ọrụ ugbo maara nke ọma|ihu igwe-smart]] na mmejuputa iwu na-enyere aka n'ibelata ọ bụghị naanị agụụ kamakwa ịda ogbenye. * Ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu nwere ike itinye aka na ọgụ megide agụụ, site n'ịgbanwe ụzọ ndụ ha - n'ụlọ, n'ebe ọrụ, na n'ime obodo - site n'inyere ndị ọrụ ugbo obodo ma ọ bụ ebe ahịa aka na ịnakwere nhọrọ nri na-adịgide adịgide. * Ekwesịrị imepụta mmata iji luso ihe mkpofu nri ọgụ site n'ịkwalite na ịgba ndị mmadụ ume maka iri nri ziri ezi. == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Ikike Nri]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] qjo7869d83rwlhuj7srgoqyit67ejtz 0 40332 729832 176942 2026-10-01T13:31:32Z Macocobovi 13114 729832 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  <ref name="GWLaw">[https://www.law.gwu.edu/marietta-s-robinson GW Law profile]</ref>Marietta Sebree “Marti” Robinson ( Disemba 26, 1951) [1] bụ onye ọka iwu America na onye bụbu onye enyemaka ụmụaka na Michigan na California .  Ọ bụbu Kọmishana nke US Consumer Product Safety Commission <ref>''See'' http://www.cpsc.gov/en/About-CPSC/Commissioners/Marietta-Robinson/</ref> == Agụmakwụkwọ == Ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Michigan-Flint na Bachelor of Arts na 1973 yana site na Mahadum California, Los Angeles na Juris Dọkịta na 1978. == Ọrụ == === Ọrụ mmalite === Site na 1973 ruo 1975 ọ bụ onye ụdị anya nhazi data maka ụlọ ọrụ IBM na Flint, Michigan na Glendale, California .  Ọ ọtụtụ nwere ọrụ nwa oge mgbe ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ keypuncher, onye na-ere akara Winkleman, onye isi ike, na onye na-echere Beachbum Bert na Redondo Beach, California === Ọrụ iwu === N'oge mmalite nke 1976 ọ bụ onye nwe iwu na ụlọ ọrụ iwu nke Anderson, Patch Rosenfeld, Potter na Grover na Jackson, Michigan.  N'oge mmalite nke 1977 ọ bụ onye ndidi n'anya nke Michael Murphy, ụlọ nke American International Group, Inc. (AIG) na Hamilton, Bermuda.  Site na 1978 ruo 1979 ọ bụ onye akwụkwọ gbasara ụlọ maka Bank of Bermuda Limited na Hamilton.  Site na 1979 ruo 1984, ọ na-eme iwu dị ka onye mmekọ wee bụrụ onye mmekọ na ụlọ ọrụ iwu Michigan nke Dickinson Wright, Moon, Van Dusen na Freeman (ugbu a Dickinson Wright PLLC) na Detroit, na site na 1985 - 1989  , ọ bụ onye na-eketa òkè na ya.  Ndị ọrụ iwu nke Sommers Schwartz na Southfield, Michigan.  Site na 1989 ruo 2013 ọ na-eme iwu na ụlọ ọrụ iwu nke ya na Detroit, Birmingham na Lake Orion, Michigan.  Site na 1982 ruo 1984 ọ bụ Prọfesọ Adjunct of Law in Trial Practice na Mahadum Detroit Mercy School of Law na Detroit, Michigan yana Wayne State University Law School na Detroit na, na 2011, na Duke Law School. Na nzaghachi 2013, Onye isi ala Obama mgbaàmà ya ka ọ bụrụ kọmishana nke US Consumer Product Safety Commission ma ndị Senate akwụkwọ ya na June 2013. Ọ jere ozi n'ọkwa ahụ ruo June 2018. Na 1985 Gọvanọ James Blanchard ya na Michigan Building  Authority, nke ọ jere ozi ruo 1989. N'afọ 2000, Michigan Democratic Party nchọpụta ya maka ndị ikpe Kasị Elu nke Michigan ka ọ gbaa ọsọ megide onye isi ọka ikpe Clifford Taylor na ihe ịga nke ọma.  Na 2002 ọ bụ onye ndoro-ndoro maka nhọpụta Democratic maka Michigan Attorney General, ma wepụrụ aha ya tupu ahụ.  Na 2008, ọ oriọna dị ka onye isi oche nke Michigan Women for Obama.  Na 2009, Michigan Senators Carl Levin na Debbie Stabenow nchọpụta ya dị ka onye so na Kọmitii Ndụmọdụ Ikpe Ikpe maka Eastern District nke Michigan.  Na 2011, ọ jere ozi dị ka onye ịkọrọ iwu onwe ya nye Onye isi oche nke United Nations Peacebuilding Commission na Liberia === Ihe omume ndị ọzọ === Site na 1989 ruo 1997 ọ bụ onye ngosi ihe nke Dalkon Shield Claimants' Trust nke nyere ihe nna nna $2.4 nye ihe ọmụmụ 300,000 na-azọrọ na mba 120. Ọ bụ onye nkuzi iwu na George Washington University Law School na Washington, DC  .  [1] Ọ bụ onye otu 2019 na Mahadum Harvard Advanced Leadership Initiative na onye otu egwuregwu iche maka nchekwa ndị dị na American Constitution Society .  [2] Ọ nọ na Board of Managerial Trustees nke International Association of Women Judges.  Ọ bụ onye mmekọ ma bụrụ enyo mbụ onye isi oche nke International Society of Barristers.  N'afọ 2015, ọ bụ onye na-ekwu okwu na usoro ndị na-ekwu okwu dị iche nke Kọmitii Executive Bank World Bank.  Ọ bụ onye otu nke American na Michigan Bar Associations, bụ onye otu na International Women's Foundation ma edepụtala ya ihe ọmụmụ afọ 20 na Who's Who in the World, Na America, na American Law and of American Women <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mlive.com/news/grand-rapids/2010/08/james_k_robinson_former_us_att.html|title=James K. Robinson, former U.S. Attorney from Grand Rapids, dies at 66|date=8 August 2010}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Ọ bụrụ maka afọ 28 James K. Robinson, onye bụ onye ọka iwu US na Detroit n'okpuru President Carter, Dean nke Wayne State University Law School site na 1993-1998, Assistant Attorney General of US Department of Justice n'okpuru President Clinton  , na onye mmekọ.  na Honigman, Miller, Schwartz na Cohn na Detroit tupu 1993 yana na Cadwalader, Wickersham na Taft LLC site na 2001 ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ kansa na 2010. Ọlụlụ di na nwunye mbụ ya biri n'ịgba ahụmahụ.  O nweere nhọrọ na ụmụ ụmụ ise. {{Commons category}} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200320203849/https://www.congress.gov/112/chrg/CHRG-112shrg76909/CHRG-112shrg76909.pdf Nhọpụta nye ndị na-ahụ maka ọrụ nke onye isi ala, kọmishọna nchekwa ngwaahịa ndị ahịa, na kọmishọna FEDERAL MARITIME (S. HRG. 112–631).]</img> </link> [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Aha]] lft8r54qpp2tas7zxaueb76b1h3715j 0 40464 729877 719461 2026-10-01T17:37:53Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729877 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox school|name=Franciscan High School|former_name=Cristo Rey Franciscan High School|logo=|image=|alt=|caption=|motto=|streetaddress=|city=[[Baton Rouge]]|state=[[Louisiana]]|zipcode=|coordinates={{Coord|30|29|50|N|91|8|58|W|type:edu_region:US-LA|display=inline,title}}|type=[[Franciscan]], [[Catholic church|Catholic]]|denomination=[[Roman Catholic]]|established=2016|closed={{End date|2023|06|2|df=yes}}|status=Closed|enrollment=174<ref name=NCES>{{cite web|title=CRISTO REY BATON ROUGE FRANCISCAN HIGH SCHOOL|url=https://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pss/privateschoolsearch/school_detail.asp?&Search=1&ID=A1902141|website=Private School Universe Survey|publisher=National Center for Education Statistics|access-date=30 June 2023|accessdate=4 April 2024|archivedate=12 December 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241212132329/https://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pss/privateschoolsearch/school_detail.asp?&Search=1&ID=A1902141}}</ref>|teaching_staff=13,8 {{FTE}}<ref name=NCES/>|enrollment_as_of=2019–20|ratio=12.6 <ref name=NCES/>|grades=[[Ninth grade|9]]–[[Twelfth grade|12]]|gender=[[Coeducational]]|athletics=|mascot=Wolves|accreditation=|national_ranking=|publication=|newspaper=|yearbook=|affiliations=<!-- Localización -->|website=http://www.franciscanhigh.org|picture=}}{{Databox}}'''Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Franciscan''', Baton Rouge, Louisiana, mepere na August 2016, dị ka ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Cristo Rey Franciscan na akụkụ nke Cristo Rey Network . <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.brproud.com/news/local-news/cristo-rey-baton-rouge-franciscan-high-school-officially-opens/527247646|title=Cristo Rey Baton Rouge Franciscan High School Officially Opens|author=LAKANA|date=2016-08-08|work=BRPROUD|accessdate=2017-02-13|language=en-US|archive-date=2017-02-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214004600/http://www.brproud.com/news/local-news/cristo-rey-baton-rouge-franciscan-high-school-officially-opens/527247646|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na Julaị 2022, a bịara mara ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ dị ka Franciscan High School, na-arụ ọrụ site na nkwado nke Franciscan Missionaries of Our Lady na n'ime Diocese nke Baton Rouge. Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ mechiri na June 2, 2023. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ndị Franciscan Missionaries of Our Lady hiwere ụlọ akwụkwọ a wee malite klaasị na Ọgọst 8, 2016 n'ụlọ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị mbụ Redemptorist dị na North Baton Rouge. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fmolhs.org/Pages/About-FMOLHS/History.aspx|title=History - Baton Rouge, (LA) - Franciscan Missionaries of Our Lady Health System|work=Franciscan Missionaries of Our Lady Health System|language=en-us|accessdate=2017-02-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214102843/https://fmolhs.org/Pages/About-FMOLHS/History.aspx|archivedate=2017-02-14}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fmolhs.org/Documents/The%20Franciscan%20Missionaries%20Of%20Our%20Lady%20Health%20System%20-%20%20A%20Brief%20History.pdf|title=History of FMOL|accessdate=13 February 2017}}</ref> Na Ọgọst 12–13, 2016, ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ furu efu na nnukwu Iju mmiri nke Baton Rouge. <ref>{{Cite web|author=LUSSIER|first=CHARLES|title=Devastation, close calls fuel resolve to reopen flooded Baton Rouge-area schools|url=https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/education/article_713e3388-640c-11e6-95e2-33eae17c561f.html|accessdate=2022-07-06|work=The Advocate|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706031522/https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/education/article_713e3388-640c-11e6-95e2-33eae17c561f.html|archive-date=2022-07-06|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ kwagara na Bon Carre Technology Park maka afọ akwụkwọ 2016-2017 fọdụrụnụ na mmalite nke afọ akwụkwọ 2017-2018. Na February 2018, ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ laghachiri n'ogige ụlọ akwụkwọ mbụ ya na St. Gerard Avenue na ụlọ modular. <ref>{{Cite web|author=LUSSIER|first=CHARLES|title=Cristo Rey High School plans to return home to temporary buildings after school destroyed in flood|url=https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/education/article_2214c07a-bdba-11e7-a689-bb5180b0bc29.html|accessdate=2022-07-06|work=The Advocate|language=en}}</ref> Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na-agbakwụnye ọkwa ọkwa kwa afọ ruo mgbe klas mbụ ya gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Klas nke 2020, natara diplọma ha n'aka Cristo Rey Baton Rouge na Mee 23, 2020. Klas nke mbụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ gụnyere ndị agadi 41. N'ọnwa Julaị 2022, ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ bepụrụ njikọ ya na Cristo Rey, na-arụ ọrụ site na nkwado nke Franciscan Missionaries of Our Lady na n'ime Diocese nke Baton Rouge, ma kpọgharịrị aha ya na Franciscan High School. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-07-01|title=Local Catholic school cuts ties with national network|url=https://www.brproud.com/news/local-news/local-catholic-school-cuts-ties-with-national-network/|accessdate=2022-07-05|work=BRProud.com|language=en-US|archivedate=2022-07-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705084447/https://www.brproud.com/news/local-news/local-catholic-school-cuts-ties-with-national-network/}}</ref> Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ mechiri na June 2, 2023. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Franciscan High School|url=https://www.franciscanhigh.org/|publisher=Franciscan High School|accessdate=30 June 2023|archivedate=30 June 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630033117/https://www.franciscanhigh.org/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|author=Shelley|first=Jonathan|title=Franciscan High School closing its doors at end of school year|url=https://www.wbrz.com/news/franciscan-high-school-closing-its-doors-at-end-of-school-year/|accessdate=30 June 2023|publisher=WBRZ|date=May 9, 2023}}</ref> == Mmemme Ọmụmụ Ọrụ Ụlọọrụ == Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Franciscan jiri usoro mmemme mmụta ụlọọrụ pụrụ iche nke onye otu ụlọ ọrụ were were were ụmụ akwụkwọ niile nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. Ụmụ akwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ otu ụbọchị kwa izu na ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ha na-arụ ọrụ iji nyere aka nweta akụkụ nke nkuzi ha. Dịka nke 2022, mmemme ahụ nwere ihe karịrị ndị mmekọ mpaghara 40. == Egwuregwu == Cristo Rey Baton Rouge Franciscan High egwuregwu asọmpi na LHSAA . == Edensibia == ụlọọrụ pụrụ iche nke onye otu ụlọ ọrụ were were were ụmụ Dịka nke 2022, mmemme ahụ nwere ihe karịrị nke{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.cristoreynetwork.org/ Cristo Rey Network] nd79p3sx9kjgka9ncxtozxgpib9w5xn 0 41214 729865 177091 2026-10-01T16:20:23Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729865 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Glendale-arena.jpg|thumb]]   Desert Diamond Arena (zamani Glendale Arena na zamani Jobing.com Arena na Gila River Arena) ni ukumbi wa burudani wa ndani ulioko Glendale, Arizona, ambao unaauni ekari 223, Wilaya ya Burudani ya Westgate ya $1 bilioni. Iko takriban maili 12.5 (km 20.1) kaskazini-magharibi mwa jiji la Phoenix, ambapo sehemu ya mashariki ya Arizona Loop 101 (Agua Fria Freeway) na kaskazini mwa West Maryland Avenue ilijengwa kwa gharama ya $220 milioni .  Inamilikiwa na Jiji la Glendale na kusimamiwa na ASM Global, Desert Diamond Arena kwa sasa ni nyumbani kwa Arizona Rattlers ya Ligi ya Ndani ya Soka (tovuti ya 2024) na ilikuwa nyumbani kwa Ligi ya Kitaifa ya Magongo (NHL) Arizona Coyotes kutoka 2003 hadi 2022. Tangu wakati huo. amekuwa akiandaa filamu na matukio mengine ya burudani mwaka mzima.  Desert Diamond Arena ina uwezo wa kuchukua watu 17,125 kwa magongo ya barafu, 18,300 kwa mpira wa vikapu na takriban 19,000 kwa hafla za muziki.  Uwanja huo una viti 3,075 vya vilabu na vyumba 87 vya mapumziko. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[Usòrò:Gila_River_Arena_Pregame_2019.png|áká_èkpè|thumb| Desert Diamond Arena tupu egwuregwu Coyotes; site na nsọtụ ndịda, na-ele anya n'ebe ugwu]] Winnipeg Jets walipohamia Phoenix mnamo 1996, walitumia misimu yao 7+ ya kwanza kucheza Amerika Magharibi Arena (AWA) kama Phoenix Coyotes.  AWA ilikuwa imeanzishwa kama makao mapya ya Phoenix Suns ya NBA miaka minne tu iliyopita, kwa hivyo ilibidi ibadilishwe haraka kwa ajili ya magongo.  Sakafu ya uwanja si kubwa vya kutosha kutoshea mchezo wa kawaida wa magongo wa NHL na baadhi ya viti vya ngazi ya juu vinaning'inia juu ya ubao.  Hiyo ilizuia mtazamo wa hadi watu 3,000.  Kwa hivyo, kabla ya msimu wa pili wa timu huko Phoenix, nafasi ya kukaa kwenye magongo ilipunguzwa kutoka viti 18,000+ hadi 16,210 - hivyo nafasi ya pili kwa udogo zaidi katika NHL.  Wakati Colorado Avalanche ilihama kutoka McNichols Sports Arena hadi Pepsi Center mnamo 1999 na Toronto Maple Leafs ilihama kutoka Maple Leaf Gardens hadi Kituo cha Air Canada baadaye msimu huo huo, America West Arena ikawa ukumbi mdogo zaidi wa NHL. .Baada ya Coyotes kuuzwa kwa ushirikiano ulioongozwa na Steve Ellman msanidi programu wa mali isiyohamishika, walijaribu kujenga uwanja mpya katika eneo la Phoenix huko Glendale.  Makubaliano ya kukodisha yalitiwa saini na Jiji la Glendale mnamo 2001, ujenzi ulianza Aprili 3, 2002, na mchezo ulifunguliwa katikati ya msimu wa 2003 - 04 NHL.  Arizona Sting ya Ligi ya Taifa ya Lacrosse iliandaa mchezo wa kwanza wa nyumbani wa tukio hilo, mechi ya ufunguzi wa msimu wa 16–12 2004 NLL dhidi ya Vancouver Ravens mnamo Desemba 26, 2003. Jioni iliyofuata, Phoenix Coyotes walifanya mchezo wao wa kwanza wa nyumbani pamoja. ni umati wa watu 19,052 pekee ndio unaoisha kwa sare ya 3-3 dhidi ya Nashville Predators.  Ushindi wao wa kwanza huko Glendale ulikuwa Desemba 31, 2003, ushindi wa 4-0 dhidi ya Los Angeles Kings. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Coyotes reach deal with ASU to play at new Sun Devil arena|url=https://www.sportsbusinessjournal.com/Daily/Closing-Bell/2022/10/28/Mullett-Arena-Arizona-Coyotes-debut.aspx#:~:text=The%20Coyotes%20are%20set%20to,advantage%20at%20intimate%20new%20home}}</ref>Mnamo Agosti 19, 2021, jiji la Glendale lilichagua kutoongeza mkataba wake na timu ya Desert Diamond Arena baada ya msimu wa 2021-22, na kutilia shaka mustakabali wa hati miliki huko Arizona.  Coyotes walitangaza watahitaji kujenga uwanja mpya huko Tempe ili kujibu.  [1] Mnamo Aprili 29, 2022, Coyotes walicheza mchezo wao wa mwisho wa nyumbani dhidi ya Nashville Predators, kwa ushindi mnono, 5-4 Arizona.  Kisha Coyotes walihamishia michezo yao ya nyumbani hadi Uwanja wa Mullett wa Chuo Kikuu cha Arizona State === Ihe nkiri na mmemme === Desert Diamond Arena imeandaa tamasha na matukio mengi tangu ilipofunguliwa Desemba 2003. Msururu wa matamasha katika mwaka wa uzinduzi wa uwanja huo ulijumuisha maonyesho ya Prince, Rod Stewart, Toby Keith, Britney Spears, na Usher.  Tangu wakati huo, wasanii wengine walioigiza huko ni pamoja na U2, RBD, Elton John, The Rolling Stones, Paul McCartney, Bruce Springsteen, Rage Against the Machine, Billie Eilish, Kenny Chesney, Mötley Crüe, Justin Timberlake, Katy Perry, The Eagles, Taylor Swift. , The Weeknd, Harry Styles, Celine Dion, Coldplay, Eric Church, Justin Bieber, Kendrick Lamar, Ed Sheeran, Shawn Mendes, Sam Smith, Harry Styles, Bon Jovi, Khalid, Madonna, Pearl Jam, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Usher, John Mayer, Tim McGraw, Faith Hill, The Killers, na For King & Country. Matukio ya Uwanja wa Almasi wa Jangwani katika miaka ya hivi karibuni ni pamoja na UFC kwenye Fox: Poirier vs.  Gaethje, UFC 263: Adesanya dhidi ya.  Vettori 2, Jake Paul dhidi ya.  Anderson Silva, Nitro Circus Live, WWE SmackDown, Stars on Ice, Gold Over America Tour, Street Connection Skateboarding, na WEC 53.  Uwanja huo umeandaa vipindi vya familia vinavyosafiri vikiwemo Radio City Christmas Spectacular, Sesame Street Live, Harlem Globetrotters na Cirque du Soleil. Tangu 2005, uwanja huo umeandaa mashindano ya mpira wa vikapu ya Jimbo la Arizona, voliboli, mieleka na ushangiliaji katika hafla inayoitwa "Februari Frenzy," inayotokana na makubaliano ya kisheria kati ya Jiji la Glendale na Arizona Interscholastic Association (AIA). Tukio lililoingiza pesa nyingi zaidi katika historia ni UFC 263: Adesanya dhidi ya.  Vettori 2 mnamo Juni 12, 2021, ikiwa na wageni 17,208 na mapato ya $4,281,800 U Wanna huu ni makao ya muda ya Arizona Rattlers arena/timu ya kandanda ya ndani wakati nyumba yao, uwanja, haipatikani kwa sababu zingine.  Iliandaa ArenaBowl XXIX ya Ligi ya Soka ya Arena mnamo 2016, Ligi ya Soka ya Ndani mnamo 2019 na ilipangwa kuandaa msimu wa nyumbani wa IFL mnamo 2020 kabla ya janga la COVID-19 huko Arizona. Uwanja umekuwa kituo cha mara kwa mara cha Msururu wa Ligi Kuu ya Wapanda Bull Professional (PBR) kwa miaka mingi.  Tangu 2022, imekuwa nyumbani kwa PBR's Arizona Ridge Riders wakati wa Msururu wa Timu ya PBR uliofanyika kuanzia majira ya kiangazi hadi masika. Ndị Arizona Rattlers kwupụtara na ha ga-akwaga Desert Diamond Arena na 2024, mgbe ha jisịrị ogige ahụ dị ka ebe obibi nwa oge na mbụ. Nke a na-enye ogige ahụ onye nwe ụlọ mbụ ha ka ndị Arizona Coyotes gachara na 2022. == Ikike ịkpọ aha == . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/phoenix/stories/2006/10/23/daily27.html|title=Jobing.com, Glendale Arena deal confirmed|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=October 25, 2006|work=Phoenix Business Journal|publisher=[[American City Business Journals]]|accessdate=November 10, 2013}}</ref>Uwanja huo hapo awali uliitwa Jobing.com Arena wakati tovuti ya kazi ya Phoenix iliposaini mkataba wa dola milioni 30 mnamo Oktoba 2006. Coyotes walimaliza mkataba wao na Jobing.com na mara moja wakatangaza mkataba mpya wa miaka tisa wa udhamini na udhamini mnamo Agosti 13, 2014, katika Kasino za Gila River - kasino ya kikabila inayodhibitiwa na Jumuiya ya Wahindi ya Gila River.  Aliyekuwa Rais wa Coyotes/ Mkurugenzi Mtendaji na Gavana mbadala Anthony LeBlanc alielezea mkataba huo mpya kama "mkataba muhimu zaidi" ambao timu imefanya chini ya mkataba wake mpya wa IceArizona.  [1] Pamoja nayo, kabila la Gila River likawa kabila la kwanza la Waamerika Wenyeji kutambuliwa na serikali ya shirikisho katika kutaja mikataba ya haki na viwanja vya timu kuu za michezo nchini Marekani na Kanada. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/govbeat/wp/2014/08/14/an-arizona-tribe-is-going-to-be-the-first-to-have-naming-rights-to-a-professional-sports-arena/|title=An Arizona tribe is going to be the first to have naming rights to a professional sports arena|work=Washington Post|date=August 14, 2014|accessdate=August 16, 2014}}</ref> Mnamo Agosti 23, 2022, uwanja ulifikia makubaliano na Desert Diamond Casino kubadilisha uwanja huo kuwa Desert Diamond Arena. . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tucson.com/entertainment/arts-and-theatre/desert-diamond-casino-lands-naming-deal-for-glendale-arena/article_1baca498-2302-11ed-9725-cb0b6c020509.html|title=Desert Diamond Casino lands naming deal for Glendale arena|accessdate=August 23, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220823234858/https://tucson.com/entertainment/arts-and-theatre/desert-diamond-casino-lands-naming-deal-for-glendale-arena/article_1baca498-2302-11ed-9725-cb0b6c020509.html|archive-date=August 23, 2022|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist|30em}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://www.desertdiamondarena.com/ Arena nke Desert Diamond] {{s-start}} {{succession box|title=Home of the<br>[[Arizona Coyotes]]|years=2003 – 2022|before=[[America West Arena]]|after=[[Mullett Arena]]}} {{succession box|title=Home of the<br>[[Arizona Rattlers]]|years=2024 – present|before=[[Footprint Center]]|after=Incumbent}} {{end}} [[Òtù:Ịda ogbenye]] 6fu4y127amjcp2bdbm3bmd7msc4i8y9 0 41273 729858 159029 2026-10-01T15:36:41Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729858 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}} '''Atlantic City Rescue Mission''' ( '''ACRM''' ) bụ ọrụ nnapụta tọrọ ntọala na 1964 site n'aka John Fink na ebumnuche nke ịkwado ndị bi na South Jersey na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]] . Ọrụ nnapụta ahụ na-enye ụlọ akụ nri, kichin ofe na ebe obibi na-enweghị ebe obibi . <ref name="pres_Atla">{{Cite web|title=Atlantic Christian fundraiser benefits school, AC Rescue Mission|author=Lowe|first=Claire|work=Press of Atlantic City|date=28 January 2019|accessdate=31 January 2019|url=https://www.pressofatlanticcity.com/education/atlantic-christian-fundraiser-benefits-school-ac-rescue-mission/article_d20703df-3916-50f6-b180-c250486c6494.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190201120021/https://www.pressofatlanticcity.com/education/atlantic-christian-fundraiser-benefits-school-ac-rescue-mission/article_d20703df-3916-50f6-b180-c250486c6494.html|archive-date=1 February 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> ACRM na-enyere ihe karịrị 3,300 enweghị ebe obibi na ndị chọrọ enyemaka kwa afọ. Ọ bụ onye na-eweta ọrụ zuru oke na New Jersey, na-eje ozi ihe dịka 20% nke ndị mmadụ na steeti ahụ. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Nke Atlantic City Rescue Mission tọrọ ntọala na 1964 site n'aka John Fink. Na mbido ọrụ nnapụta ahụ nyere ụmụ nwoke ole na ole na-enweghị ebe obibi nri na ebe obibi sitere na "obere ụlọ ahịa dị na Atlantic City". N'afọ 1970, ACRM kwagara na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ dị na Bacharach Boulevard ma nye mmadụ 27 ebe nchekwa na usoro ọgwụgwọ ọrụ ụbọchị 90. Na 1975, e meghere ụlọ nke abụọ maka ụmụ nwanyị. Mgbe iwebata ịgba chaa chaa na Atlantic City na 1978, mmụba nke ndị na-achọ enyemaka gafere ikike ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, na-akpata nsogbu. N'afọ 1990, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ agbasawanyela ịgụnye mmadụ 312. Mmemme ụmụ nwanyị kwagara n'otu ụlọ ahụ ka ụmụ nwoke. Atlantic City Rescue Mission malitere mmemme mmeri ụmụ nwanyị ya na 2000. N'afọ 2003, a gbasaa usoro ọrụ ụbọchị 90 ruo ụbọchị 120. N'August 2012, ndị na-enweghị ebe obibi na-achọ ebe obibi enwekwaghị ike ịga ozugbo n'ụlọ ahụ ma "na-ezo aka na Atlantic County Office Building on Atlantic Avenue, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu maịl, tupu enwee ike ịbanye na ebe nchekwa". <ref name="pres_Atla_2">{{Cite web|title=Atlantic City Rescue Mission to refer homeless to county building nearly a mile away|author=McKelvey|first=Wallace|work=Press of Atlantic City|date=24 August 2012|accessdate=31 January 2019|url=https://www.pressofatlanticcity.com/communities/atlantic-city_pleasantville_brigantine/atlantic-city-rescue-mission-to-refer-homeless-to-county-building/article_917bd0bc-ed99-11e1-b2b1-0019bb2963f4.html}}</ref> Ntinye ego Hamilton Mall na ndị mmekọ na-akwado ACRM site na ndị na-anakọta ego. <ref name="LegatoPack2005">{{Cite book|author=Frank Legato|title=Atlantic City: In Living Color|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qx23EmhPMqYC&pg=PP223|year=2005|publisher=Indigo Custom Publishing|isbn=978-0-9725951-6-2|pages=223–}}</ref> Na 2010, onye nduzi Barry Durham, onye megidere ịgba chaa chaa, kwuru na 22% nke ndị ACRM na-eje ozi kwuru na ịgba chaa chaa bụ ihe kpatara enweghị ebe obibi ha. <ref name="Parmalee2010">{{Cite book|author=Thomas Parmalee|title=Legalized Gambling|url=https://archive.org/details/legalizedgamblin0000parm|date=1 September 2010|publisher=ABDO|isbn=978-1-61613-522-5|pages=[https://archive.org/details/legalizedgamblin0000parm/page/29 29]–}}</ref> N'ime ọnwa Jenụwarị 2019 North America oyi, ACRM nyere ọrụ mberede na ebe nchekwa iji nyere ndị na-enweghị ebe obibi aka ịgbanahụ oyi dị ize ndụ. <ref name="snjt_Atla">{{Cite web|title=Atlantic City Officials Seek to Help Homeless Escape Dangerously Cold Temperatures|author=Zayas|first=Melanie|work=snjtoday.com|date=31 January 2019|accessdate=31 January 2019|url=http://www.snjtoday.com/story/39886780/atlantic-city-officials-seek-to-help-homeless-escape-dangerously-cold-temperatures|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190201065805/http://www.snjtoday.com/story/39886780/atlantic-city-officials-seek-to-help-homeless-escape-dangerously-cold-temperatures|archivedate=1 February 2019}}</ref> Ndị asọmpi Miss America enyela nri abalị na ACRM dịka akụkụ nke mmemme mgbasa ozi ọha. Na 2015, ndị asọmpi 52 na Miss America sonyere na mmemme Miss America na-eje ozi na ACRM. Na 2017, ndị asọmpi Miss America 51 nyere nri ma nye aka na ACRM. <ref name="pres_Miss">{{Cite web|title=Miss America contestants serve dinner at Atlantic City Rescue Mission|author=Reil|first=Maxwell|work=Press of Atlantic City|date=2 September 2017|accessdate=31 January 2019|url=https://www.pressofatlanticcity.com/missamerica/miss-america-contestants-serve-dinner-at-atlantic-city-rescue-mission/article_8fda27a0-bef1-5387-b5ea-bde16b178ba5.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190201121619/https://www.pressofatlanticcity.com/missamerica/miss-america-contestants-serve-dinner-at-atlantic-city-rescue-mission/article_8fda27a0-bef1-5387-b5ea-bde16b178ba5.html|archive-date=1 February 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Edensibia == iwebata ịgba chaa chaa na Atlantic City na 1978, mmụba nke ndị na-achọ enyemaka gafere ikike ụlọ ọrụiwebata ịgba chaa chaa na Atlantic City na 1978, mmụba nke ndị na-achọ enyemaka gafere ikike ụlọ ọrụ {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website d6vfpszlip36qnct69d4ttb4te4hvqw 0 42267 729869 596409 2026-10-01T16:36:25Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729869 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Ụgbọ mmiri Cave-In-Rock''' bụ otu n'ime ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ndị njem anọ na-agafe Osimiri Ohio na [[U.S. state|steeti US]] nke [[Kentórkị|Kentucky]] . Ọ na-ejikọta Route Illinois 1 na Cave-In-Rock, Hardin County, Illinois ruo Kentucky Route 91, 10.6 kilomita n'ebe ugwu nke Marion, Kentucky . Ọ bụ naanị ụzọ gafere ọha na eze dị n'etiti Brookport Bridge na Paducah, Kentucky na Shawneetown Bridge na Old Shawneetown, Illinois . == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == N'October 1829, ụlọ ikpe mpaghara nke Livingston County, Kentucky nyere James Ford ikike iji rụọ ụgbọ mmiri. <ref>{{Cite news|date=1939-06-29|title=Hardin Co, IL ferry history - McFarlan family|pages=16|work=Hardin County Independent|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/hardin-county-independent-hardin-co-il/124164432/|accessdate=2023-10-12}}</ref> Kemgbe 1994, Lonnie Lewis nke Lonnie Lewis Inc., na-azụ ahịa dị ka Cave in Rock Ferry Company, ejirila ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=Byrne|first=Shelley|date=2022-07-11|title=Cave-In-Rock Ferry Again Continues Ohio River Service After Last-Minute Deal|url=https://www.waterwaysjournal.net/2022/07/11/cave-in-rock-ferry-again-continues-ohio-river-service-after-last-minute-deal/|accessdate=2023-10-12|work=The Waterways Journal|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|author=Pensoneau|first=Liz|date=1998-09-01|title=Our Natural Resources: News Briefs|url=https://www.lib.niu.edu/1998/ip980943.html|accessdate=2023-10-12|work=www.lib.niu.edu}}</ref> Ọrụ bụ nke Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) na Ngalaba Ụgbọ njem na Illinois (IDOT) kwadoro ọrụ. <ref name=":0" /> Loni Jo bụ arịa dị ugbu a na-agafe osimiri. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Payne|first=Aaron|date=2022-09-20|title=Once numerous, the few remaining ferry boats on the Ohio River carry on|url=https://woub.org/2022/09/20/few-remaining-ferry-boats-on-ohio-river-carry-on/|accessdate=2023-10-12|work=WOUB Public Media|language=en-US}}</ref> Ruo Julaị 2022, ụgbọ ala 500 na-agafe kwa ụbọchị. <ref name=":0"/> Ụgbọ mmiri a na-arụ ọrụ awa 16 site na elekere isii nke ụtụtụ ruo elekere 10 kwa ụbọchị. <ref name=":0" /> Ndị njem na-eji ụgbọ mmiri zere ihe dị ka kilomita iri atọ na ise gaa akwa mmiri kacha nso na Shawneetown. <ref name=":1"/> Ụgbọ mmiri ahụ bụ ihe nlegharị anya na-ejikọta Shawnee National Forest na Cave-In-Rock na Illinois na obodo Amish na Crittenden County, Kentucky. <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|author=Byrne|first=Shelley|date=2020-06-26|title=Contract Dispute Could Disrupt Cave-In-Rock Ferry Service|url=https://www.waterwaysjournal.net/2020/06/26/contract-dispute-could-disrupt-cave-in-rock-ferry-service/|accessdate=2023-10-12|work=The Waterways Journal|language=en-US}}</ref> Ndị ọrụ ugbo na-eji ọrụ ahụ ebu traktọ na ngwa ọrụ ugbo. <ref name=":2" /> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-09-25|title=This summer’s temporary ferry at Shawneetown is reminder of region’s rich history|url=http://www.thegleaner.com/news/this-summers-temporary-ferry-at-shawneetown-is-reminder-of-regions-rich-history-206c0902-0627-03d9-e-329556721.html|accessdate=2023-10-12|work=The Gleaner|language=en}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * Ford's Ferry, si Kentucky ruo Illinois * Lusk's Ferry, si Illinois ruo Kentucky * Lusk's Ferry Road * Ndepụta nke ngafe nke Osimiri Ohio == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20151025052848/http://www.idot.illinois.gov/travel-information/passenger-services/Ferry-Services/index Ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri – Ngalaba Ụgbọ njem nke Illinois] * [https://transportation.ky.gov/MultimodalFreight/Pages/FERRYBOATS.aspx Ferries – Kentucky Transportation Cabinet] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20231012034721/https://herald-review.com/lifestyles/ferry-shuttles-commuters-and-a-few-asian-carp-from-illinois/article_cce9c958-380f-11e3-bab6-001a4bcf887a.html Ndị njem ụgbọ mmiri na-ebufe ụgbọ mmiri, yana kapịrị Asia ole na ole, site na Illinois ruo Kentucky] site n'aka Joe Gisondi, ''Herald &amp;amp; Review'' . Ọktoba 19, 2013. dx7beqizrlfk37hfudklcviwtjsienl 0 43196 729871 162551 2026-10-01T16:55:49Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729871 wikitext text/x-wiki   <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cage.dla.mil/Search/Details?id=7547879|title=COMMERCIAL AND GOVERNMENT ENTITY PROGRAM|work=cage.dla.mil|accessdate=7 October 2022}}</ref>The Detroit Land Bank Authority [1] bụ ikike ọhaneze nwere ma na-ahụ ihe dị ka 100,000 akwụkwọ ihe ike n'ime obodo Detroit, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye nwe ala ekiri n'obodo ahụ. Edebere oge ụfọdụ dị ka ụlọ ọrụ, Detroit Land Bank na-arụ ọrụ ọtụtụ mmemme iji ọnụ ọgụgụ ụlọ Detroit nke dị ugbu a n'aka ọha .  Isiman ego atụmatụ ndị etiti ( Hardest Hit Funds ) yana Nkwado ego sitere na igfu ego na-arụ ọrụ nke Obodo Detroit na-enye onyinye onwe onye.  Emebere Detroit Land Bank na 2008 n'ogo pere mpe, mana egwu ịgbasawanye n'ime iteration ya ugbu a na 2014, mgbe ejiri ngwaahịa nke ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche nwere ka ọ bụrụ otu ụlọ ọrụ.  Isi ihe mmetụta nke Detroit Land Bank nwere oghere oghere, ụlọ ndị a gbahapụrụ agbahapụ, na ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ a na-amanyekarị n'ịgbagha ụtụ isi .  Ezinụlọ Detroit Land na-ere ụlọ na webụsaịtị ya site na ọtụtụ mmemme, ngosi Auction, Own It Now, na Rehabbed & Ready.  Ọ bụrụ na ndị bi na Detroit bi n'ọnụ ọnụ nke oghere oghere, ha nwere ike ịhụ maka $100 site na "Ihe ngosi Lọt nke Land Bank".  Atumatu ndị ọzọ bụ nke isi ike a ọkụkọ, imekọ ihe ọnụ obodo, mbelata mmekpa ahụ, na akụ na ike .<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/detroit/2016/08/26/detroit-land-bank-authority-formed-illegally-activist-says/89419314/|title=Detroit Land Bank Authority was formed illegally, activist says|first=Joe|author=Guillen|date=2016-08-26|work=Detroit Free Press|language=en-US|accessdate=2 May 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/05/18/how-detroit-is-beating-its-blight-215160|title=Detroit's DIY Cure for Urban Blight|work=politico.com|accessdate=2 May 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/detroit-city/2016/04/11/detroit-land-bank-funds-limit-inventory-grows/82880806/|title=Detroit land bank funds at limit as inventory grows|accessdate=2 May 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thejewishnews.com/2014/09/04/blight-buster/|title=Blight Buster - Detroit Jewish News|date=4 September 2014|accessdate=2 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230525172848/https://thejewishnews.com/2014/09/04/blight-buster/|archive-date=25 May 2023|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|title=Detroit Land Bank agrees to pay $1.5M to settle federal investigation|url=https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/detroit/2023/02/10/detroit-land-bank-settles-federal-investigation/69893493007/|date=2023-02-10|accessdate=2023-03-02|work=Detroit Free Press|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website [[Òtù:Aha]] houtst5helgae3bye3o8dgjuo5w74dl 0 43287 729876 177230 2026-10-01T17:33:51Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729876 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement <!-- Basic info -->|name=Taylor–Wythe Houses|official_name=|other_name=|settlement_type=[[List of New York City Housing Authority properties|NYCHA property]]|image_skyline=File:Taylor Wythe Bk NYCHA jeh.jpg|imagesize=300px|image_caption=|nickname=|motto=<!-- images and maps -->|image_map={{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-lat=40.704570|frame-long=-73.964960|zoom=9|type=point|coord={{coord|40.704570|-73.964960}}}}|mapsize=|map_alt=|map_caption=Location within New York City|coordinates={{coord|40.704570|-73.964960|region:US-NY|display=inline,title}}|pushpin_map=<!--USA New York City#USA New York#USA-->|pushpin_mapsize=|pushpin_map_caption=|coor_pinpoint=<!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) -->|coordinates_footnotes=<!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> <!-- location ------------------>|subdivision_type=[[List of sovereign states|Country]]|subdivision_name={{flag|United States}}|subdivision_type1=[[U.S. state|State]]|subdivision_type2=[[City (New York)|City]]|subdivision_type3=[[Borough (New York City)|Borough]]|subdivision_name1={{flag|New York}}|subdivision_name2=[[New York City]]|subdivision_name3=[[Brooklyn]] <!-- Area -->|unit_pref=Imperial|area_footnotes=|area_total_sq_mi=|population_total=|population_density_km2=auto <!-- Area/postal codes & others -->|population_note=|postal_code_type=[[Zip code|ZIP codes]]|postal_code=11211|area_code=[[Area codes 718, 347, and 929|718, 347, 929]], and [[Area code 917|917]]|website=|footnotes=}} [[Usòrò:Taylor Wythe Bk NYCHA jeh.jpg|thumb]] Nwanyị Taylor–Wythe bụ nwa ikike obibi nke New York City na mpaghara Williamsburg, na Brooklyn, New York City == Mmepe == Ndị Taylor–Wythe ka emechara June 30, 1974 ma mada ụlọ ise, 8, 11, 12 na 13 ozizi dị elu na 4.2 acres (17,000 m . Enwere ụlọ 525 nwere ihe dị ka ndị bi na 1,681. Ọ bụ Wythe Ave, Ross  Street na Clymer Street gbara ahụ.  aga n'ihu na- agbanwe ala == Hụkwa == * Ndị isi ụlọ obibi New York * Ndepụta nke ụlọ ikike obibi New York City == Njikọ mpụga == * Official website * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240229003805/https://www.nyc.gov/assets/nycha/downloads/pdf/Taylor%20St-Wythe%20Ave.pdf Official map] [[Òtù:Aha]] np4ipdrzwn8a0pyt8ul7qoq2b36z00a 0 43292 729878 177023 2026-10-01T17:45:48Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729878 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Amsterdam Houses W63 jeh.JPG|thumb|Amsterdam Houses]] {{Reflist}} <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://my.nycha.info/DevPortal/Home/Index/?redirectUrl=%2FDevPortal%2FPortal%2FDevelopmentData%3F|title=MyNYCHA Developments Portal|work=my.nycha.info|accessdate=2019-06-26|archivedate=2018-12-11|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211012223/https://my.nycha.info/DevPortal/Home/Index/?redirectUrl=%2FDevPortal%2FPortal%2FDevelopmentData%3F}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/nycha/downloads/pdf/Amsterdam.pdf|title=Amsterdam & Amsterdam Addition|access-date=2024-04-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241014205119/https://www.nyc.gov/assets/nycha/downloads/pdf/Amsterdam.pdf|archive-date=2024-10-14|url-status=dead}}</ref>Ndị nwe Amsterdam bụ ọrụ ụlọ na New York City nke e na mpaghara Manhattan na 1948. Ọrụ a nwere ụlọ iri na atọ nwere ụlọ ihe otu puku ụlọ.  Ọ na-ekpuchi mbara ala 9-acre nke Upper West Side, yana West 61st na West 64th Streets, site na Amsterdam Avenue ruo West End Avenue, yana mgbakwunye ụlọ 175 nke emechara na 1974 na West 65th Street n'etiti Amsterdam Avenue.  na West End Avenue.  Ọ bụ New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) nwe ma na-elekọta ya. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == <ref>{{Cite news|title=The Neighborhood Ties That Still Bind|author=Kilgannon|first=Corey|date=2004-08-02|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/02/nyregion/the-neighborhood-ties-that-still-bind.html|accessdate=2016-10-27}}</ref>Emebere ụlọ ndị Amsterdam n'ala nke bụbu ụlọ tenement ma kee ya maka ndị bi na ya ka ha nwee ụdị ndụ dị elu.  Aago egwuregwu atọ maka eserese nọ n'afọ dị iche iche na eserese ahụ nwere ebe a na-elekọta, ụlọ ụlọ ahụ, ụlọ ọgwụ na ebe etiti obodo.  Site na mmeghe nke Lincoln Centre na 1960s, agbataobi ahụhụhụ nro ma hụ ọtụtụ ndị agadi bi na-ejigide ụlọ ha;  Ka ọ na-erule 2016, 70% nke ndị isi egwuregwu afụ 62. [1] Ihe ngosi igwe mmadụ bi na-abụ abụ na mbụ, ebe ọ na-enye ihe mgbe agha n'adi ọnụ ala.  Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2004, ọtụtụ ezina-agbara ndị isi ojii ji ụlọ Amsterdam == Ndị ama ama == * Erik Estrada (amụrụ 1949), onye na-eme ihe nkiri ama ama maka ọrụ ya na ''CHIP'' <ref name="Complex" /> * Daphne Maxwell Reid (amụrụ 1948), onye na-eme ihe nkiri ama ama maka ọrụ ya na ''The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air''  == Hụkwa == * Ndị isi ụlọ obibi New York * Ndepụta nke ụlọ ikike obibi New York City == Ntụaka == [[Òtù:Aha]] 42wzw7tlxrkf8djsrkmoqjlml7ha98s 0 43315 729875 177247 2026-10-01T17:31:40Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729875 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:St Nick 127st NYCHA jeh.JPG|thumb|St Nick 127st NYCHA jeh.JPG]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=102359|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070318044313/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/cx/?id=102359|archivedate=March 18, 2007|title=Saint Nicholas Houses, New York City|date=March 18, 2007|accessdate=July 31, 2019}}</ref>St. Nicholas Houses ma ọ bụ "Saint Nick," bụ ọrụ ụlọ na eze na Central Harlem, mpaghara Manhattan, New York City ma na-achịkwa New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA).  Ihe oru ngo a di n'etiti Adam Clayton Powell Jr. Boulevard na Frederick Douglass Boulevard, na-agbasa ihe ozi site na 127th Street ruo 131st Street.  Ọrụ a nwere ụlọ nwere okpukpu iri na atọ nwere okpukpu iri na anọ nke nwere ọnụ ụlọ 1,523 == Mmepe == .Ebe ahụ bụbu nke nwere ikike obodo nwere obere ụlọ ndị eji akpa na ọnọdụ adịghị mma, e wepụrụ ndị bi ugbu a site na mmemme mkpochapụ mkpọda ụlọ .  [1] N'afọ 1952, ndị nwe ụlọ mbụ ihe ngosi na [2] na ሰራ ahụ gwụchara na September 30, 1954 [3] n'okpuru Iwu obibi Taft-Ellender-Wagner nke 1949 .  Mgbe ụlọ ndị ahụ egwu egwu ndị na-achọ akwụkwọ, ndị agha ụwa nke amaghị ụzọ ụzọ <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1951/12/28/84870550.html?action=click&contentCollection=Archives&module=LedeAsset&region=ArchiveBody&pgtype=article&pageNumber=23|title=CORNERSTONE LAID AT HARLEM HOUSING|work=The New York Times|accessdate=July 31, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1971/07/04/archives/on-a-harlem-playground-its-basketball-with-soul.html|title=On a Harlem Playground: It's Basketball With Soul|author=Harvin|first=Al|date=July 4, 1971|work=The New York Times|accessdate=July 31, 2019}}</ref>Site na 1947 ruo 1953, ebe egwuregwu dị na St. Nicholas Houses na 128th Street na Seventh Avenue bụ saịtị nke isiokwu Ruckers ruo mgbe a kwagara ya na nnukwu egwuregwu egwuregwu na 130th Street na 1954. [1] Mgbe ọ nọ n'ọgbọ egwuregwu.  , Holcombe Rucker ደብዳቤ ahụ na ngalaba ise: ụmụ anụmanụ, ụlọ akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ na pro. Ka ọ na-erule n'etiti 1970s, ime ihe ike ebiliwo na mmepe na nchekwa ebelatala yana nrụzi. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/02/22/archives/at-harlem-project-tenants-switch-leaders-in-fight-against-crime-and.html|title=At Harlem Project, Tenants Switch Leaders in Fight Against Crime and Faulty Maintenance of Housing|date=February 22, 1977|work=The New York Times|accessdate=July 31, 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 2011, NYCHA kwadoro ire acres 3.1 maka ịkwatu ebe egwuregwu na saịtị maka iwu ụlọ akwụkwọ ikike nke a na-akpọ Promise Academy Charter School. Ndị bi na-eme atụmatụ ịgbara gọọmentị obodo na gọọmenti etiti akwụkwọ maka mkpọmkpọ ebe akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, na-ama aka na NYCHA aghọtaghị nke ọma mmetụta ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na mmepe ahụ. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/21/nyregion/public-housing-tenants-sue-to-block-charter-school-in-harlem.html|title=Public-Housing Tenants Sue to Block Charter School in Harlem|author=Santos|first=Fernanda|date=July 20, 2011|work=The New York Times|accessdate=July 31, 2019}}</ref> Ndị bi ebe ahụ chere na a gwaghị ha maka atụmatụ a ruo mgbe ha mechara nkwekọrịta ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://citylimits.org/2010/05/07/some-harlem-residents-balk-at-charter-school-plan/|title=Some Harlem Residents Balk At Charter School Plan|author=Zelon|first=Helen|date=May 7, 2010|work=City Limits|accessdate=July 31, 2019}}</ref> Ọ bụ John Ciardullo Associates haziri ụlọ akwụkwọ a wee wuchaa ya na 2013. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architectmagazine.com/project-gallery/harlem-childrens-zone-promise-academy-charter-school-promise-academy-i|title=Harlem Children's Zone Promise Academy Charter School (Promise Academy I)|work=architectmagazine.com|accessdate=July 31, 2019}}</ref> == N'akwụkwọ == Ụlọ St. Nicholas bụ otu n'ime isi ntọala n'akwụkwọ ''The Stars Beneath Our Feet'' . <ref>{{Cite book|url=http://www.bookrags.com/studyguide-the-stars-beneath-our-feet/|title=The Stars Beneath Our Feet Summary|language=en}}</ref> == Ndị ama ama == Teddy Riley (amụrụ 1967), onye na-agụ egwú, onye na-ede abụ, onye na-edekọ ihe na-emepụta ihe e kere eke nke ụdị jack swing ọhụrụ. == Hụkwa == * Ndị isi ụlọ obibi New York * Ndepụta nke ụlọ ikike obibi New York City == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}}[https://web.archive.org/web/20240726183947/https://www.nyc.gov/assets/nycha/downloads/pdf/Saint%20Nicholas.pdf]{{Harlem}} [[Òtù:Aha]] hfx6uamx94plo9igkporcxy12zajld9 0 43318 729874 177225 2026-10-01T17:27:26Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729874 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Rutgers Houses north jeh.jpg|thumb]] . <ref name="nychapage">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycha/html/developments/manrutgers.shtml|title=Rutgers Houses|work=NYCHA Housing Developments|publisher=New York City Housing Authority|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205062122/http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycha/html/developments/manrutgers.shtml|archivedate=5 December 2008|accessdate=17 January 2010}}</ref>Ndị agha Rutgers, nke a na-adị ka ndị Henry Rutgers, bụ ụlọ ọha na eze wuru ma na-elekọta nke New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) na Lower East Side nke Manhattan .  Rutgers Houses nwere ụlọ ọrụ dị 20 na 5.22 acres (21,100 m , nwere ụlọ 721 nwere ihe dị ka mmadụ 1,675. [1] Oghere ahụ dị n'ụdị Madison Street n'ebe ugwu, Rutgers Street n'ịkpọsa ihe, Cherry  Okporo ụzọ na ndịda, yana Pike Street n'ahụ ahụ == Mmepe == Tupu emechaa ya na 1965, Rutgers Houses bụ otu n'ime saịtị ngagharị iwe gbasara ikike obodo na 1963. Ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe nwara igbochi ihe owuwu ruo mgbe ndị Africa America na ndị Latinos nwetara ọtụtụ ọrụ na azụmaahịa ụlọ ruo mgbe ejidere ọtụtụ n'ime ha. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/07/23/80453320.html?action=click&contentCollection=Archives&module=LedeAsset&region=ArchiveBody&pgtype=article&pageNumber=1|title=200 Racial Pickets Seized At Building Projects Here; Police Curb Pickets Blocking Brooklyn Building Site|work=NY Times|language=en|accessdate=2019-07-31}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị megidere ngagharị iwe ahụ, ndị ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na ebe mmepe ahụ kwuru na ha jikọtara ọnụ karịa ọtụtụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/07/10/96234100.html?action=click&contentCollection=Archives&module=LedeAsset&region=ArchiveBody&pgtype=article&pageNumber=24|title=RACE SIT-IN BEGINS AT MAYOR'S OFFICE IN A JOB PROTEST; Pickets Stay at Night With Wagner's Sanction--Seek Work in Building Trades Halt in Work Asked RACE SIT-IN BEGINS AT MAYOR'S OFFICE Demonstrators Invited In Project Is Picketed|work=NY Times|language=en|accessdate=2019-07-31}}</ref> Haziri site na Hart, Jerman & Associates, Rutgers Houses na 1961, [1] emechara mada ahụ na Machị 31, 1965. [2] [3] Pelham Street, nke na-agba n'etiti Pike Street na Rutgers Street, wepụrụ ma enwee.  mpaghara ahụ gbasara 1960 maka owuwu nke ahụ.  [4] Akpọruru ahụ aha Henry Rutgers (1745 – 1830), onye isi na agha Mgbanwe nke America na onye nwe ala na onye ọrụ bụ onye ikpeazụ sitere na ndị kwabatara Dutch .  Henry Rutgers 'ugbo, na "Bouwery", mebere ọtụtụ n'ime Lower East Side gburugburu Chinatown, na mgbe e ịhụ nyere nnukwu ihe nke ugbo ya na ndịiche dị iche iche bụ na a nke mbụ ugbo saịtị.<ref name="nychapage" /> Michael Steele na-eje ozi dị ka Onye isi oche Association Resident for Rutgers Houses yana onye na-echekwa ego nke Manhattan South District Council of Presidents. <ref name="corner">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycha/html/residents/manhattanS_ccop.shtml|title=Manhattan South District CCOP Office|work=Residents' Corner|publisher=New York City Housing Authority|accessdate=17 January 2010|archivedate=13 June 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613210616/http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycha/html/residents/manhattanS_ccop.shtml}}</ref> N'oge oyi nke 2007, Rutgers House V jere ozi dị ka "ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ", ebe na-ekpo ọkụ nke ndị na-enweghị okpomọkụ nwere ike ịnọ maka oge dị mkpirikpi. <ref name="warmingcenterpdf">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycha/downloads/pdf/warming_center_locations.pdf|title=Nine New York City Warming Centers|work=nyc.gov|publisher=City of New York|accessdate=17 January 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604105612/http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycha/downloads/pdf/warming_center_locations.pdf|archivedate=4 June 2011}}</ref> <ref name="emporisv">{{Cite web|url=http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=rutgershousesv-newyorkcity-ny-usa|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604172902/http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=rutgershousesv-newyorkcity-ny-usa|archivedate=June 4, 2011|title=Rutgers Houses V, New York City, U.S.A.|work=Emporis|publisher=Emporis Corporation|accessdate=17 January 2010}}</ref> <ref name="chill">{{Cite news|url=http://www.nysun.com/new-york/chill-prompts-officials-to-open-warming-shelters/48183/|title=Chill Prompts Officials to Open Warming Shelters|author=Solomont|first=Elizabeth|date=2007-02-07|work=The Sun|publisher=TWO SL LLC|accessdate=17 January 2010}}</ref> Na 2010, Ụlọ Rutgers bụ otu n'ime mmepe asatọ iji nweta akụkụ nke $ 400 na ego sitere na gọọmenti etiti iji gboo mkpa isi obodo maka nrụzi. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20100316/manhattan/rutgers-houses-receive-stimulus-funds-from-washington|title=Rutgers Houses to Receive Stimulus Funds From Washington|work=DNAinfo New York|accessdate=2019-07-31|archivedate=2019-07-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190731183856/https://www.dnainfo.com/new-york/20100316/manhattan/rutgers-houses-receive-stimulus-funds-from-washington/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archives.hud.gov/news/2010/pr10-050.cfm|title=HUD APPROVES NEW YORK CITY HOUSING AUTHORITY PROPOSAL TO IMPROVE, PRESERVE AFFORDABLE HOUSING FOR THOUSANDS ACROSS THE CITY|date=March 15, 2010}}</ref> == Ndị ama ama == * Elisa Izquierdo (1989 – 1995), ọnwụ Elisa bụ mkpali maka Iwu Elisa, nnukwu nhazigharị nke Sistemụ Welfare ụmụaka nke New York City. == Hụkwa == {{Reflist}}[https://web.archive.org/web/20240726183944/https://www.nyc.gov/assets/nycha/downloads/pdf/Rutgers.pdf]{{Lower East Side}} [[Òtù:Aha]] 6qatvutptuimxuilvg70u47u045dbox 0 43327 729873 177200 2026-10-01T17:13:56Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729873 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Hernandez houses jeh.jpg|thumb|Hernandez houses jeh.jpg]] . <ref name="nychapage">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycha/html/developments/manhernandez.shtml|title=Hernandez, Rafeal Houses|work=NYCHA Housing Developments|publisher=New York City Housing Authority|accessdate=16 January 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022080530/http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycha/html/developments/manhernandez.shtml|archivedate=22 October 2009}}</ref>Ezinụlọ Rafael Hernandez, nke a dị ka Onyeisi Hernandez, bụ ụlọ ọha na eze wuru ma na-elekọta nke New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) na Lower East Side nke Manhattan . <ref name="nychapage"/>Mmepe a bụ otu ụlọ okpukpu iri na asaa nke dị na 1.03 acres (4,200 m saịtị. Adreesị ụlọ Rafael Hernandez bụ 189 Allen Street . Oghere nwere ahụ saịtị a dị n'ụdị ugwu site na East Houston Street.  n'Allen Street, na n'ụdị site na Stanton Street, na n'Mbaaka n'ihu Eldridge Street, ụlọ ahụ nwere oke Stanton Street na Eldridge Street  , nke nwere ihe dị ka mmadụ 280. A na-akpọ ahụ aha Rafael Hernández Marín (1892-1965), onye na-ede akwụkwọ Puerto Rican bụ onye jere ozi na United States Armed Forces n'oge Agha Mbụ Mbụ. Ụlọ Rafael Hernandez emechara Ọgọst 31, 1971. <ref name="nychapage"/> Ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ bụ ndị haziri mmepe ahụ bụ Morris Ketchum Jr. &amp;amp; Associates . <ref name="emporis">{{Cite web|url=http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=rafaelhernandezhouses-newyorkcity-ny-usa|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604170353/http://www.emporis.com/application/?nav=building&lng=3&id=rafaelhernandezhouses-newyorkcity-ny-usa|archivedate=June 4, 2011|title=Rafael Hernandez Houses, New York City, U.S.A.|work=Emporis.com|publisher=Emporis Corporation|accessdate=16 January 2010}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thevillager.com/2015/07/nycha-tenants-demand-transparency-on-planning/|title=NYCHA tenants demand transparency on planning|date=2015-07-23|author=Williams|first=Zach|work=The Villager|accessdate=2019-07-02}}</ref>Ndị ozi ndị Gompers na-elekọta Rafael Hernandez Houses, nke ejirikwa Lower East Side I Infill na Max Meltzer Tower akwụkwọ ya.  [1] [2] ihe nke 2015, Felicia Gordon na-eje ozi dị ka Onye isi oche Association Resident maka ndị nri Rafael Hernandez. == Hụkwa == * Ndị isi ụlọ obibi New York * Ndepụta nke ụlọ ikike obibi New York City == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230321013835/https://www.nyc.gov/assets/nycha/downloads/pdf/Hernandez.pdf NYCHA map] [[Òtù:Aha]] dywjuqqenlu0ez9g8o2b1j0egxuivlc 0 44547 729931 425346 2026-10-02T04:48:51Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729931 wikitext text/x-wiki == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Ania Freer na Sydney, Australia. Nne nne ya nwere mgbọrọgwụ n'ime ime obodo obodo alaeze ukwu Gayle na Saint Mary Parish ebe nna nna ya si Christiana. Ania tolitere na Australia na London, ebe nne na nna ya ochie bi.<ref name="Jamaica Observer" /> O nwetara nzere Bachelor of Arts na Mahadum Sydney n'afọ 2009, ebe ọ gụrụ anthropology na ọmụmụ ihe nkiri.<ref name="Jamaica Observer"/> == Ọrụ nka == Mgbe ọ nọ na Australia, Freer rụrụ ọrụ maka Screen Australia na No Coincidence Media ma tinye aka na mmepụta ihe nkiri. Mgbe ọ kwagara Jamaica na 2016, ọ malitere usoro obere ihe nkiri a na-akpọ REAL TALK . <ref name="Jamaica Observer"/> Ọrụ Freer edekọla Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị mmadụ na Jamaica. Otu n'ime ihe nkiri ya sitere na 2018 jidere ụmụ agbọghọ abụọ, ihe dị ka afọ isii, na-akọwa na mpaghara okpomọkụ yana akụkụ ọzara mmiri mmiri dị ọcha nke bi nso Osimiri Roaring na Westmoreland.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Odim|first=Nnenna|title=The Early Childhood Educator: Critical Conversations in Feminist Theory|chapter=Womanist Praxis in Early Childhood Education and Care: Educators' Nourishment of Mind-Body-Spirit Relations|date=2022|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-350-26721-3|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=EJWEEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Ania+Freer%22&pg=PT131|language=en}}</ref> Freer bụ onye Curatorial and Art Writing Fellow na New Local Space na [[Kingston]] na 2019. Ọ haziri ihe ngosi otu All That Don't Leave, nke gosipụtara akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọrụ aka nke ndị omenkà asaa nke Jamaica.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Poupeye|first=Veerle|title=Shifting the Conversation: Ania Freer's 'All That Don't Leave'|url=https://veerlepoupeye.com/2019/12/10/shifting-the-conversation-ania-freers-all-that-dont-leave/#more-2530|work=Perspectives|language=en|date=10 December 2019|accessdate=10 March 2023|archivedate=10 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310213555/https://veerlepoupeye.com/2019/12/10/shifting-the-conversation-ania-freers-all-that-dont-leave/#more-2530}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=All That Don't Leave|url=https://www.nlskingston.org/index.html|publisher=NLS|accessdate=9 March 2023|date=19 November 2019|archivedate=10 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310213557/https://www.nlskingston.org/index.html}}</ref> Na ngosi oge okpomọkụ nke 2019 nke National Gallery of Jamaica, Freer gosipụtara ntinye vidiyo atọ. Otu n'ime ihé nke ọbọdọ na ahụ na-erizi mmụta sayensị nkiri ahụ bụ Riva Maid, ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Dwight "Bobo" Hayes banyere mmụọ mmiri nke tọọrọ nwanyị na Roaring River. A gụnyere Riva Maid na ihe ngosi nke otu 2022 Sound, Stories na gallery Locust Projects . <ref name="Jamaica Observer">{{Cite news|author=Perry|first=Kediesha|title=A Tale of Two Wheels|url=https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/entertainment/a-tale-of-two-wheels/|work=Jamaica Observer|date=6 October 2022|accessdate=10 March 2023}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPerry2022">Perry, Kediesha (6 October 2022). [https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/entertainment/a-tale-of-two-wheels/ "A Tale of Two Wheels"]. ''Jamaica Observer''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230310213555/https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/entertainment/a-tale-of-two-wheels/ Archived] from the original on 10 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite></ref> Freer mepụtara ihe ngosi dị mkpirikpi nke nkeji iri Strictly Two Wheel, nke gosipụtara Jonathan "Bobo" Wilson, onye meworo agadi na-arụzi ịnyịnya ígwè na Jamaica.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Pires|first=B. C.|title=Best of the rest of the film fest|url=https://newsday.co.tt/2022/09/23/best-of-the-rest-of-the-film-fest/|work=[[Trinidad and Tobago Newsday]]|date=23 September 2022|accessdate=10 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310213557/https://newsday.co.tt/2022/09/23/best-of-the-rest-of-the-film-fest/|archive-date=10 March 2023|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ duziri, mee ihe nkiri, dezie, ma mepụta ihe nkiri ahụ. E gosipụtara ihe nkiri Miami ọrụ pụrụ ntakịrị ahụ ahụ na Trinidad na Tobago Film Festival ebe ọ meriri Best Documentary Short Film Award na 2022.<ref name="Jamaica Observer"/> Freer sonyere na ngosi Passages at the Nest na 2022. O mere ihe nkiri ''Kaa-Ha-Yut-Le'', ihe nkiri vidio nke Everglades nke gosipụtara onye na-ese ihe Seminole Daniel Tommie.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ania Freer, AIRIE Fellow 2022|url=https://www.airie.org/fellow/ania-freer|work=Artists in Residence in Everglades|accessdate=9 March 2023|archivedate=10 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310213557/https://www.airie.org/fellow/ania-freer}}</ref> Freer bụ onye na-arụ ọrụ na onye nlekọta nke gallery n'ịntanetị na ikpo okwu na ihé nke nkiri nke ọbọdọ na ahụ na-erizi mmụta dijitalụ Goat Curry Gallery . <ref>{{Cite news|title=All That Don't Leave|url=https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/art-culture/all-that-dont-leave/|work=Jamaica Observer|date=12 April 2020|accessdate=10 March 2023}}</ref> Ọ malitere ime nnyocha na ajụjụ ọnụ na Obodo ndị na-egbu azụ na Senegal na 2022. == Ihe ngosi ndị a họọrọ == * 2017 - ''CHROM/ART International'', London * 2019 - National Gallery of Jamaica Summer Exhibition * 2022 - ''Ụda, Akụkọ'', Ọrụ Igurube, Miami * 2023 - Okporo ụzọ na Nest, AIRIE Nest Art Gallery == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 7zibzk08x0s14u7hii82f2ba28zngzz 0 45764 729903 705025 2026-10-01T21:46:38Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729903 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Adam Broomberg, Photographer.png|thumb|Adam Broomberg, Photographer.|304x304px]] Adam Broomberg (amuru Nọvemba 11, 1970) bu onye omenka South-Africa, onye nkuzi nka na onye na-eme ihe ike ugbu a na Berlin, Germany .  Ọ bụ onye nchoputa na onye nhazi nke NGO Artists + Allies x Hebron n' maida onye na-akwado Palestine Issa Amro .  [1] Ụgbụ Broomberg na- kpàkpa aka nke tre, ike, na nnochite anya nke eziokwu n'ime ọha mmadụ nke oge a.  N'agbanyeghị ọrụ ya nke ọma, ọ ori na-agba mbọ ịma aka ike dị ugbu a na iji nkà eme ihe dị ka ụzọ isi kwalite mgbanwe mmadụ.  Ọrụ ya na-aga n'ihu na-akpali ma kpasuo ndị na-ekiri ya, na-akpọ ha òkù ka ha okpukpe ụwa gbara ha gburugburu ma chee eziokwu na-adịghị mma.</link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> == Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ == <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">O tolitere na mpaghara ndị agha n'oge oge Apartheid, nke nwere ike dị ukwuu n'ihe nka ya mechara.  N obodo Broomberg n'ime obodo kewapụrụ mere ka ọ mara maka akara ahaghị n'etiti nsogbu na ma kpalie ike ya ịma aka ndị bụ isi site n'ahụ ya.  </link> &#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> Na 1998, Broomberg nzere nzere bachelọ nke Arts na Fine Art na Mahadum Cape Town .  O mechara ịchụso Master of Fine Arts na Goldsmiths, Mahadum London, [1] ebe ọ zutere Oliver Chanarin, nwa akwụkwọ ibe ya ga-abụ onye na-emekọ ihe ọnụ mgbe niile. == Ọrụ nkuzi na agụmakwụkwọ == Broomberg na-akụzi ma jidekwa ọkwa agụmakwụkwọ dị iche iche. Ọ bụ prọfesọ nke foto na Hochschule für bildende Künste (HFBK) na Hamburg, Germany, site na 2015 ruo 2021. <ref name=":2">{{Cite news|author=Door|first=Lukas|date=2021-06-04|title=Kunsthochschule trennt sich von Dozenten: Kunst als Kampfplatz|language=de|work=Die Tageszeitung: taz|url=https://taz.de/!5772009/|accessdate=2023-07-28}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu ngalaba na Photography & Society na Royal Academy of Art (KABK na Hague (usoro ọ rụpụtara). Nkwenye nke Broomberg n'ịgụ akwụkwọ gafere klaasị, ebe ọ na-edukarị nkuzi na nkuzi na ụlọ ọrụ mba ụwa. </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2023)">a chọrọ nkọwa</span>]]'' &#x5D;</sup> == Mmekọrịta ya na Oliver Chanarin == Na Nwanyị 2000s ọ ihe ngosi okike ya na onye omenkà ibe ya Oliver Chanarin ( eje na London, 1971).  [1] Enyere abụọ ihe nrite Deutsche Börse Photography maka akara ha bụ War Primer 2 .  [2] A na-eme emume ọrụ ha n'ihi ike isi isi ya, nka nka, na ike ike emetụta ụka bara uru.  [3] Ọtụtụ ihe ngosi, ọrụ na-esitela na edemede a ruo mgbe ha kewara azụ azụ na Barcelona : <ref>{{Cite web|author=O'Toole|first=Sean|title=An obituary, of sorts, for the 'death' of artist duo Adam Broomberg & Oliver Chanarin - 1854 Photography|url=https://www.1854.photography/2021/02/an-obituary-of-sorts-for-the-end-of-artist-duo-broomberg-chanarin/|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=British Journal of Photography|language=en-GB}}</ref> === Ihe ngosi === ==== 2021 ==== * ''The Late Estate Broomberg & Chanarin'', Fabra i Coats Center D'Art Contemporani, Barcelona, Spain <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-03-01|title=Spring Is Here: Brilliant Things To Do This March|url=https://www.anothermag.com/design-living/13138/brilliant-things-to-do-this-march|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=AnOther|language=en}}</ref> ==== 2019 ==== * ''Ahụhụ sitere na Wit'', Ụlọ ihe nkiri Synthesis, Berlin, Germany <ref>{{Cite web|title=Woe From Wit - Exhibition at synthesis gallery in Berlin|url=https://www.artrabbit.com/events/woe-from-wit|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=ArtRabbit|language=en}}</ref> ==== 2018 ==== * ''Broomberg & Chanarin: Ime ihe ike Chineke'', Center Georges Pompidou, Paris, France <ref>{{Cite web|title=Photography Exhibition - Broomberg & Chanarin. Divine violence|url=https://loeildelaphotographie.com/en/event/broomberg-chanarin-divine-violence/|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=The Eye of Photography Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Ọdịnihu fig'', izu 3 / Broomberg & Chanarin, Kettles Yard, Cambridge, UK <ref>{{Cite web|title=fig-futures, WEEK 3 / BROOMBERG & CHANARIN, 25 – 29 September 2018|url=https://www.kettlesyard.co.uk/fig-futures-week-3/|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=Kettle's Yard|language=en-GB|archivedate=2023-07-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728143840/https://www.kettlesyard.co.uk/fig-futures-week-3/}}</ref> * Bande mma, ọ bụghị ọnya, Nogueras Blanchard Gallery, Madrid, Spain <ref>{{Cite web|title=Nogueras Blanchard|url=https://www.noguerasblanchard.com/en/exhibitions/bandage-the-knife-not-the-wound|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=Nogueras Blanchard|language=en-US}}</ref> * Kechie mma ahụ, ọ bụghị ọnya, Goodman Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa <ref>{{Cite web|title=No Heroes Outside: Broomberg & Chanarin's 'Bandage the knife not the wound'|url=https://artthrob.co.za/2018/05/15/no-heroes-outside-broomberg-chanarins-bandage-the-knife-not-the-wound/|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=ArtThrob|language=en-US}}</ref> ==== 2017 ==== * ''Ọ bụghị maka mbipụta na ọrịre na Iran'' n, Ag Galerie, Tehran, Iran <ref>{{Cite web|title=Single Exhibition – ‌Broomberg & Chanarin – Not for Publication and Sale in Iran – Ag Galerie|url=https://www.aggalerie.com/single-exhibition-%e2%80%8cbroomberg-chanarin-not-for-publication-and-sale-in-iran/|accessdate=2023-07-28|language=en-GB|archivedate=2023-07-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728143841/https://www.aggalerie.com/single-exhibition-%E2%80%8Cbroomberg-chanarin-not-for-publication-and-sale-in-iran/}}</ref> * ''The Bureaucracy of Angels'' (commission), Kings Cross St. Pancras, Art na Underground – TFL, London, UK <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Bureaucracy of Angels|url=https://art.tfl.gov.uk/projects/the-bureaucracy-of-angels/|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=Art on the Underground|language=en}}</ref> * ''Chọpụta ihe akaebe'', Lisson Gallery, Milan, Italy <ref>{{Cite web|title=Broomberg & Chanarin: Trace Evidence {{!}} Exhibitions|url=https://www.lissongallery.com/exhibitions/broomberg-chanarin-trace-evidence|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=Lisson Gallery|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728143842/https://www.lissongallery.com/exhibitions/broomberg-chanarin-trace-evidence|archive-date=2023-07-28|url-status=dead}}</ref> ==== 2016 ==== * ''Ejila ezigbo ihe ochie ebido mana ndị ọhụrụ ọjọọ'', C/O Berlin, Berlin, Germany <ref>{{Cite web|author=Christoph|date=2016-10-03|title=Don't Start With The Good Old Things But The Bad New Ones|url=https://anothersomething.org/bad-new-ones/|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=Another Something|language=en}}</ref> ==== 2015 ==== * ''Uzuzu ọ bụla dị n'ihe ndina Freuds'', Freud Museum, London <ref>{{Cite web|title=Broomberg & Chanarin - Every Piece of Dust on Freud's Couch|url=https://www.freud.org.uk/exhibitions/every-piece-of-dust-on-freuds-couch/|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=Freud Museum London|language=en-GB}}</ref> * ''Rudiments,'' Lisson Gallery, London, UK <ref>{{Cite web|title=Broomberg & Chanarin: Rudiments {{!}} Exhibitions|url=https://www.lissongallery.com/exhibitions/broomberg-chanarin|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=Lisson Gallery|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230728143840/https://www.lissongallery.com/exhibitions/broomberg-chanarin|archive-date=2023-07-28|url-status=dead}}</ref> * ''Ndị nọ na nsogbu ịchị ọchị kwagara n'ala'', Belfast Exposed, Belfast, UK <ref>{{Cite web|title=People in Trouble Laughing Pushed to the Ground|url=https://www.belfastexposed.org/exhibitions/people-in-trouble-laughing-pushed-to-the-ground/|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=Belfast Exposed|language=en-GB}}</ref> * ''Iji see foto nkọwa nke ịnyịnya gbara ọchịchịrị na obere ọkụ'', Foam Fotografiemuseum, Amsterdam, Netherlands <ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-04-19|title=To Photograph the Details of a Dark Horse in Low Light|url=https://aperture.org/editorial/adam-broomberg-oliver-chanarin-to-photograph-the-details-of-a-dark-horse-in-low-light/|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=Aperture|language=en-US}}</ref> * ''Ime ihe ike dị nsọ'', Goodman Gallery, Cape Town, South Africa <ref>{{Cite web|title=Adam Broomberg & Oliver Chanarin: Divine Violence at Goodman Gallery|url=https://www.galleriesnow.net/shows/adam-broomberg-oliver-chanarin-divine-violence/|accessdate=2023-07-28|language=en-US}}</ref> === Mbipụta === ==== 2015 ==== * ''Ụmụ mmadụ na anụmanụ ndị ọzọ'' (monograph), Adam Broomberg & Oliver Chanarin, Tate Publishing. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-849763-67-7|978-1-849763-67-7]] * ''Mmụọ bụ ọkpụkpụ'' (monograph), Adam Broomberg & Oliver Chanarin, MACK, London, UK. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-910164-18-1|978-1-910164-18-1]] . === Ime ihe === ==== Polaroid na apartheid + Kodak na agbụrụ ==== N'afọ 2013, ya na Oliver Chanarin " nọrọ otu ọnwa na South Africa" iji mee ka ọdịiche akpụkpọ ahụ dị na foto foto n'oge Apartheid pụta ìhè mgbe ha na-ese foto "na ihe nkiri ochie nke ọtụtụ iri afọ nke e mebere na naanị ihu ọcha. <ref>{{Cite news|author=Smith|first=David|date=2013-01-25|title='Racism' of early colour photography explored in art exhibition|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2013/jan/25/racism-colour-photography-exhibition|accessdate=2023-07-21}}</ref> Ha ji mee ihe. Igwefoto vintage ID-2 nke Polaroid, nke nwere bọtịnụ "ebuli elu" iji mee ka ọkụ dịkwuo elu - na-enye ya ohere iji see foto ndị ojii maka akwụkwọ ikike ama ama, ma ọ bụ "dompas", nke nyere steeti ahụ aka ịchịkwa mmegharị ha. ==== Mmụọ bụ Ọkpụkpụ ==== Ọrụ ọzọ na Oliver Chanarin bụ ''Mmụọ bụ Ọkpụkpụ'' nke ha na-agbalị imeri ihe ize ndụ nke njirimara ihu (dịka na Russia) nke na-akọwa otú ihu ihu ndị a na-ese foto adịghị egosi kọntaktị ọ bụla n'etiti ihe na onye na-ese foto na, na-ebelata ọrụ ha, si otú ahụ ghọọ. "[...] dijitalụ nhata ihe nkpuchi ọnwụ". <ref>{{Cite web|title=Spirit is a Bone|url=https://photomonitor.co.uk/book/spirit-is-a-bone/|accessdate=2023-07-23|work=Photomonitor|language=en-GB}}</ref> ==== Nwa Oyi N'èzí ==== Na 2016 obere tupu Brexit referendum ya na Oliver Chanarin haziri ma na-ere ethically mere t-shirts na-ebu okwu "Baby It's Cold Outside" [1] referencing the 1940s eponymous song Christmas to protest megide a ekwe omume ịpụ na EU .  " Ezin m gbanarị Europe tupu oke ahụ, m tolitere n'Afrika, na-echetara m ịbụ onye na-ese ihe na Ịtali, ebiwokwa m England afọ 20. Ọ na-adị m ka m nọ n'ahụ n'ụwa. "Broomberg  kwuru na ajụjụ ọnụ Dazed Digital . <ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-06-06|title=The t-shirts and people supporting #VoteRemain this summer|url=https://www.dazeddigital.com/artsandculture/article/31408/1/the-t-shirts-and-people-supporting-voteremain-this-summer|accessdate=2023-07-21|work=Dazed|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ solo na ihe ngosi ahọpụtara == Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ ọrụ ya, Broomberg arụ ọrụ ma njikọ na mba ụwa.  Foto ya na- akpali akpali nke chiri anya na adịghị ike, na-agba ndị na-ekiri ume ka ha chee eziokwu na-adịghị mma ma na-ajụ ajụjụ ndị a akwụkwọ.  <nowiki></link></nowiki>Emere ihe ] [ ngo ya na veranda na ụlọ ọrụ n'ụwa niile, kpọọ Tate Modern na London, Center Pompidou na Paris na Stedelijk Museum na Amsterdam .  Ụbọchị ya nchịkọta na nchịkọta nke ụlọ ọrụ dị ka Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) na New York, Victoria na Albert Museum na London, na Art Institute of Chicago .  Edepụtara n'okpuru bụ ndị kacha ọhụrụ: <ref>{{Cite web|title=Adam Broomberg, artist|url=https://www.signsandsymbols.art/artists/adam-broomberg|accessdate=2023-07-21|work=signs and symbols|language=en-US}}</ref> * (2022) Adam Broomberg " ''na-egbuke egbuke na ọnya m'' " @ akara na akara, New York, USA <ref>{{Cite web|title=Adam Broomberg, with CAConrad and Gersande Spelsberg: Glitter in My wounds, an exhibition at signs and symbols|url=https://www.signsandsymbols.art/exhibitions/glitter-in-my-wounds|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=signs and symbols|language=en-US}}</ref> * (2021) ''Matthew Krouse'', Kunsthallo, London, UK <ref>{{Cite web|title=The new exhibition by Adam Broomberg at kunsthallo London – OpenCall Magazine|url=https://opencallmag.com/the-new-exhibition-by-adam-broomberg-at-kunsthallo-london/|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=opencallmag.com}}</ref> * (2020) ''Bureaucracy of Angels'' (online), akara na akara, New York, USA <ref>{{Cite web|title=Broomberg & Chanarin: The Bureaucracy of Angels, an online video exhibition|url=https://www.signsandsymbols.art/exhibitions/bureaucracy-of-angels|accessdate=2023-07-28|work=signs and symbols|language=en-US}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ ahọpụtara == === 2023 === * ''Vitamin C'' + '': Collage in Contemporary Art'' (akwụkwọ), nke Rebecca Morrill deziri, Phaidon Press: London & New York ISBN 978-1-838665-57-9 * Rubin, Birgitta, " ''Fantasieggande vårprogram på Magasin III'' " (atụmatụ mmiri dị na Magasin III), Dagens Nyheter, Maachị 1 === 2022 === * Ruka, Elīna, " ''Ụwa (nkà) nke Adam Broomberg'' ," Magazin FK, Ọktoba 6 * Phearse, Terrence, " ''Adam Broomberg: Rare and Bare'' ", Musée Magazine, mbipụta Nke 27, June 2022 akara na akara | New York, New York | www.signsandsymbols.art * Sanchez, Gabriel H., " ''Akpa igwefoto: nnukwu foto ị ga-ahụ ugbu a'' ", PhotoSpark, Jenụwarị 25 * ''Nwute na ọnya m'', akara na akara, New York, New York ISBN 978-1-913620-36-3 * Capone, Emily, ” ''Nlele Ngosipụta: Adam Broomberg ya na CAConrad na Gersande Spelsberg'' ” Magazin Musée, Jenụwarị 12 === 2021 === * ''Glitter na ọnya m (monograph)'', Adam Broomberg + CAConrad + Gersande Spelsberg, MACK, London, UK. ISBN 978-1-913620-36-3 === 2017 === * ''Benjamin und Brecht: Iche echiche na Extremes'' (katalọgụ), Akademie der Künste * ''Co-Art: Ndị na-ese ihe na mmekorita okike'' (akwụkwọ), Ellen Mara De Wachter, Phaidon. ISBN 978-0-714872-88-9 * ''Das Gesicht: Bilder, Medien, Usoro'' (katalọgụ), Deutsche Hygiene-Museum, Dresden * ''Na / Agha a na-ahụ anya: Omenala Agha na narị afọ nke iri abụọ na mbụ America'' (akwụkwọ), Mahadum Mahadum Rutgers * ''Foto na imekọ ihe ọnụ: Site na nka echiche rue igwe mmadụ'' (akwụkwọ), Daniel Palmer, Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-350008-31-1 * ''Yokohama Triennale: Islands'' (katalọgụ), Constellations & Galapagos === 2016 === * ''Emanations: Art of the Cameraless Photograph'' (akwụkwọ), Geoffrey Batchen, Govett-Brewster Art Gallery na DelMonico Akwụkwọ - Prestel. ISBN 978-3-791355-04-7 * ''Il ya de l'autre'' (katalọgụ), Julie Jones na Agnés Geoffrey, RM/JUMEX * ''Elere: Onyunyo, Nkà na Foto'' (katalọgụ), mbipụta nke Cornerhouse === 2015 === * ''Art & Religion na 21st Century'' (akwụkwọ), Aaron Rosen, Thames & Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500293-03-4 * ''Art in the Age of...'' (katalọgụ), Witte de With Center for Contemporary Art * ''AKWỤKWỌ: Akwụkwọ Banyere Magazin Banyere Ụwa Ndị Ọzọ'' (akwụkwọ), Damiani / Fabrica. ISBN 978-8-862084-24-6 * ''Echiche dị na Ebe: Theory and Practice in Landscape Photography'' (akwụkwọ), JAP Alexander, Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-472533-89-0 * ''Rudiments'' (katalọgụ), Center for Contemporary Art Ujazdowski Castle == Ihe nrite na nnabata == N'ime oge ọrụ ya niile, Broomberg enwetala ọtụtụ ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu maka ntinye aka ya na ngalaba nka nke oge a. === 2018 === * ''Ihe nrite Akwụkwọ Ederede Foto'' na Ememme Foto Arles, Arles, France (ọnụ w. Chanarin) <ref>{{Cite web|title=HFBK: 2018/07/16: Photo Text Book Award für Broomberg & Chanarin|url=https://hfbk-hamburg.de/de/aktuelles/auszeichnungen/20180716-photo-text-book-award-f%C3%BCr-broomberg-chanarin/|accessdate=2023-09-25|work=hfbk-hamburg.de|language=de}}</ref> === 2014 === * ''Infinity Award'', International Center of Photography, New York, New York (n'ọnụ w. Chanarin) <ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-05-16|title=Past Recipients|url=https://www.icp.org/infinity-awards/past-recipients|accessdate=2023-09-25|work=International Center of Photography|language=en|archivedate=2015-03-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150331061355/https://www.icp.org/infinity-awards/past-recipients}}</ref> === 2013 === * ''Deutsche Börse Photography Prize'', The Photographers Gallery, London, UK (otu w. Chanarin) <ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-06-10|title=DB 2013 Winner|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702131802/http://thephotographersgallery.org.uk/deutsche-b-rse-photography-prize-2013-3|archiveurl=https://thephotographersgallery.org.uk/deutsche-b-rse-photography-prize-2013-3|archivedate=2015-07-02|accessdate=2023-09-25|work=The Photographers' Gallery}}</ref> === 2004 === * ''Vic Odden Award'', Royal Photographic Society, Bath, UK (ọnụ w. Chanarin) <ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-09-25|title=Vic Odden Award - RPS|url=https://rps.org/awards/history-and-recipients/vic-odden-award|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150615015801/https://rps.org/awards/history-and-recipients/vic-odden-award|archivedate=2015-06-15|accessdate=2023-09-25}}</ref> == Ime ihe == Mgbe ọ dị afọ 16, ọ tọrọ ntọala otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị a na-akpọ "Linx" na South Africa n'akụkụ ụmụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ na-eto eto dị ka Yaёl Farber iji mee ka ndị ọcha South Africa na-eto eto mara banyere Apartheid. === Gbanyụọ mgbanwe anyị === Mgbe otu afụ ahụ, o mere akara akara nka (ọkachasị Miami Basel) na-eme "azụmahịa dị ka ọ dị na mbụ" mgbe mmeri mmeri aka nke Donald Trump nchebe.  Iji "na-acha olu nke fasizim nke oge a", Broomberg kere Hands Off our Revolution, [1] ọrụ nka na-emekọ ihe na webụ ndị agha ndị nka, ndị na-eche echiche na ndụ.  "Ndị ikike ejiriwo nke iwu iwu," ka akwụkwọ ozi ahụ meghere.  "N'oge a, ihe iyi egwu, n'ụdị fasizim 'whitelash' nke Donald Trump akụ naanị na United States. Ntuli aka nke Trump agbasiwo ike n'ụdị aka nri n'ụwa niile." === Ndị na-ese ihe + Allies x Hebron === Broomberg hiwere, a gbadoro ụkwụ na nnukwu usoro onyunyo nke ndị na-eso Israel, iji igodo ndị Palestine na gburugburu Hebron.  N'ihi ojiji ha na-eji ibu ibu ihu nke ukwuu, a na-akpọ ya "Facebook maka ndị Palestine".  [1] A na-eji otu esi a mee ihe ndị na-anwụrụ "Counter-Surveillance: H2" nke a na-enye onyinye ndị e jibu ele ndị Palestine iji chebe owuwe ihe ubi osisi oliv.  [2] N'ime oru ngo ọzọ Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg gosiri oku ka ọ bụrụ "mkparịta ụka na-akụzi ezi" n'ihe gbasara etu ọrịa ndị siri kparịta ụka. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-26|title=What's happening to free will and human agency? Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg speaks to artist Jeremy Hutchison on Instagram today|url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2020/10/26/whats-happening-to-free-will-and-human-agency-facebook-founder-mark-zuckerberg-speaks-to-artist-jeremy-hutchison-on-instagram-today|accessdate=2023-07-24|work=THE ART NEWSPAPER}}</ref> == Nkatọ == Na February 2023 ọ gbachitere onwe ya na okpukpe Zeit [1] ebubo Antisemitism nke Stefan Hensel, onye kọmishọna megide Antisemitism maka Hamburg .  [2] Broomberg kwuru na ọ na-atụ egwu maka egwu ya na Germany ma gbachitere Nkwado maka BDS . O kwuru na edemede 2021 taz [1] megide Hochschule für bildende Künste Hamburg (HFBK) nke ndị ekiri ha na ngwaọrụ ngwaọrụ na ọrụ Israel na-aga n'ihu na mpaghara Palestine dị ka "apartheid".  Ọzọkwa ọ gwara ndị na-ese ihe n'ụwa niile ka ha ihe ọrụ ha na Zabludowicz Art Trust .  Dị ka Broomberg si kwuo, ndị Spinwatch na Middle East Monitor, Chaim "Poju" Zabludowicz na esoro ya Anita Zabludowicz achịkọtala ihe ngosi nka nke mba ụwa nke ọrụ 5,000 ruo taa;  Otú ọ dị, a na-eche na Art Trust bụ ego ngwa agha sitere na ụlọ ọrụ Israel.  [2] A kọrọ na Poju Zabludowicz ikike akụ ya site n'ahịa nna ya na-azụahia.  Broomberg kwuru, "Amaara nke ọma ugbu a na ebe Zabludowicz bụ isi na nri dị n'etiti Britain na Israel. " <ref>{{Cite web|author=Liscia|first=Valentina Di|date=2021-05-18|title=600+ Artists and Organizations Urge Boycott of Zabludowicz Art Trust Over Israel Ties|url=http://hyperallergic.com/646541/artists-boycott-the-zabludowicz-art-trust-over-israel-ties/|accessdate=2023-07-24|work=Hyperallergic|language=en-US}}</ref>{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://adambroomberg.com/ Weebụsaịtị gọọmentị] * [http://www.broombergchanarin.com/ Mmekọrịta ya na Oliver Chanarin] [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 1hyj351q444q3to3bhz2cpsky8smv8e 0 47255 729918 596565 2026-10-02T02:00:06Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729918 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Alice Dalton Brown''' (amụrụ 1939) bụ onye na-ese ihe America ama ama maka ọrụ eziokwu na-ejide ìhè na udidi nke akọwapụtara, ma ọ bụrụ na emebere ya, ebe na oge. [1] [2] [3] Ebumnobi mbinye aka ya gụnyere mpụta nke ụlọ ndị Victoria, ọba ụlọ na ebe mmiri na-elele site na windo ma ọ bụ ákwà mgbochi, nke ọ na-enyocha egwuregwu nke ìhè, onyinyo, ntụgharị na geometry n'ofe dị iche iche. [4] [5] [6] Onye nkatọ J. Bowyer Bell dere banyere ụdị Dalton Brown, "ọrụ ya n'ezie bụ karịa nchikota akụkụ ha. N'ezie, e nwere ọtụtụ akụkụ nke aghụghọ gụnyere, ọtụtụ nkà na-egosipụta, na n'ihi ya fọrọ nke nta ka akwụkwọ nkà ihe ọmụma nke. kedu ihe a ga-eme." <ref name="Bell98">Bell, J. Bowyer. "Alice Dalton Brown at Fischbach Gallery," ''Review'', April 15, 1995, p. 35–36.</ref> Dalton Brown egosila na ụlọ ọrụ Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art, [1] Butler Institute of American Art, [2] Bronx Museum of Arts, Albright-Knox Museum, na McNay Art Museum.  [3] akwụkwọ akwụkwọ American Academy na Rome akwụkwọ ya na ọrụ ya bụ nchịkọta ọha na eze nke Metropolitan Museum of Art, [4] Johnson Museum, [5] Minneapolis Institute of Art, [6] na Tampa Museum of Art, n  'etiti ndị ọzọ.  .  [3] Mgbe itinyere ya na New York City ihe ofufe afọ iri atọ, Dalton Brown kewara oge n'etiti Peekskill, New York na mpaghara Finger Lakes steeti, na Cayuga Lake.. <ref name="PAA">Peekskill Arts Alliance. [https://www.peekskillartsalliance.org/open_studios_artist/alice-dalton-brown/ Alice Dalton Brown], Artist. Retrieved January 11, 2023.</ref> == Ndụ mmalite na ọrụ == A mụrụ Dalton Brown na Danville, Pennsylvania na 1939 wee tolite na Ithaca, New York. [1] Ncheta ya maka ìhè, onyinyo na ebe obibi n'oge ntorobịa ya na mpaghara ahụ ga-abụ ihe mkpali na-esote maka nka ya. [2] Mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị gasịrị, Dalton Brown gụrụ akwụkwọ nka na Académie Julian na L'Université de Grenoble na France tupu ya agụọ Bekee na Mahadum Cornell . [1] [3] Mgbe ọ gafechara na kọleji Oberlin, ọ nwetara BA na nka studio na 1962, na-arụ ọrụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi n'agbanyeghị na ụdịdị adịchaghị nke ụbọchị. Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme bụ Wolfgang Stecho, na mkparịta ụka ya banyere ihe mejupụtara ya na ihe ngosi akara ngosi nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na Oberlin. <ref name="Goldsmith10">Goldsmith, Margie and Richard Mathews. "Making Miracles of Light and Shadow: An Interview with Alice Dalton Brown," ''Tampa Review'' No. 40, 2010, p. 15–17.</ref> <ref name="Shin21">Shin, Miri, Bora Kim and James Mullen. ''Alice Dalton Brown: Where the Light Breathes'', Seoul: My Art Museum, 2021.</ref> N'afọ ndị 1960, Dalton Brown akwụkwọ ndụ ezina ngwaahịa na nka nka lekwasịrị anya na onyonyo ime ụlọ, ọnụ ọgụgụ na ihe owuwu ime obodo mgbe ọ kwagara New York.  Ya na akara ya kwagara Greenwich Village, Manhattan na 1970, ebe ọ zutere na nso nso ihe ngosi nka na-agbasa site na Abstract Expressionism na minimalism, echiche na ụdị dị iche iche nke eziokwu.  [1] [2] N'afọ 1975, ọ na-egosi ihe osise ya na ihe nkiri nkiri ihe nkiri ndị na-ama.  [3] [2] Mgbe ọ tụ gawa n'ihe yiri, ọ dọtara ọkwa dị ukwuu na 1980 site na ihe ngosi solo na AM Sachs [4] [5] na Katharina Rich Perlow [6] veranda dị na New York na  ihe ngosi otu na McNay Art Museum, Columbus Museum.  nke Art na Minnesota Museum of American Art. <ref name="Heller13">Heller, Jules and Nancy G. Heller. [https://books.google.com/books?id=AYxmAgAAQBAJ ''North American Women Artists of the Twentieth Century: A Biographical Dictionary''], New York: Taylor & Francis, 2013. Retrieved January 10, 2023.</ref> <ref name="Kingsley02"/> N'ime ọrụ ya mechara, Dalton Brown enweela ihe ngosi solo na Fischbach Gallery na New York (1987–2014), [1] [2] [3] [4] na Butler Institute of American Art (2018, 2019), [  5] na ndị njem anya na Springfield Art Museum (1999), [6] Johnson Museum of Art (2013), [7] na My Art Museum (2021, Seoul). <ref name="Park21">Park, Han-sol. [https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/art/2023/01/690_314617.html "Light breathes life into Alice Dalton Brown’s canvas,"] ''Korea Times'', August 27, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2023.</ref> <ref name="MAMU">My Art Museum. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240419144748/http://myartmuseum.co.kr/exhibit/exhibit_sch.php?ptype=view&prdcode=2011200002&page=1&catcode=11000000 "Alice Dalton Brown, Where the Light Breathes,"] Exhibits. Retrieved January 11, 2023.</ref> == Ọrụ na nnabata == Ụbọchị Dalton Brown na-eche echiche dị iche iche n'ezie n'ụzọ na-emepụta dị mfe n'ime ụdịdị nke eziokwu dị ugbu a ma ọ bụ fotorealism .  [1] [2] [3] ọmụmaatụ, n'agbanyeghị na ọ na-eji foto ntụaka eme ihe, ọ na-adịghị e mgbochi anya ha, ọ dịghịkwa akwụkwọ ihe ndị sitere na ha, kama ọ na-ewughachi, na-edezi.  na collages eziokwu n'ihe ọ lụba iji kwado nzube ya.  [1] [4] [5] N'otu aka ahụ, wee nke nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, mmiri na bọọdụ ala, usoro egwu na echiche dị iche iche.  ewebata ụdị n ụzọ n'ụzọ ụfọdụ.  [1] [6] [3] Onye na-akọ ihe mere eme bụ April Kingsley na-atụnyere Dalton Brown si bịa na nke Richard Estes na Edward Hopper, na-ewere ya dị ka "onye na-eme ihe n'  eziokwu."  [3] Na mgbakwunye na mgbatị Hopper, ndị edemede akwụkwọla Post-Impressionists dị ka Gaugin, Bonnard, Vuillard na van Gogh, Dutch Old Masters, ndị ọdịnala America ejekwa nke ọma nke afã nke 19, ndị American Precisionists, na Josef Albers (maka)  echiche ya).  nke agba), dị ka egwuregwu ya. <ref name="Kingsley02" /> <ref name="Ainsworth14">Ainsworth, Maryan. "The Illusion of Reality in Alice Dalton Brown's Paintings," [https://alicedaltonbrown.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Alice-Dalton-Brown-Fischbach-catalogue.pdf ''Alice Dalton Brown: The Language of Angels''], New York: Fischbach Gallery, 2014.</ref> <ref name="Henry03">Henry, Gerrit. "Alice Dalton Brown at Fischbach," ''Art in America'', July 2003, p. 96.</ref> Dalton Brown na-ahọrọ isiokwu dị ka ụlọ na ihe owuwu ụzọ mbata, ọba, mmiri na ákwà mgbochi maka àgwà ha na-akpali akpali gbasara ebe nchekwa, amaghị ihe ọ bụla, njirimara na eziokwu. <ref name="Howard91">Howard, Henrietta. "Private Views: Inside and Outside," ''House & Garden'' (UK ed.), January 1991, p. 88–89.</ref> <ref name="Goldsmith10">Goldsmith, Margie and Richard Mathews. "Making Miracles of Light and Shadow: An Interview with Alice Dalton Brown," ''Tampa Review'' No. 40, 2010, p. 15–17.</ref> <ref name="Carey18">Carey, Brainard. [https://blog.praxiscenterforaesthetics.com/points-of-light/ "Points of Light,"] '' Praxis Center for Aesthetics'', September 6, 2018. Retrieved January 10, 2023.</ref> Ihe dị iche iche ya dị iche iche na textures na weghara ephemeral phenomena (ìhè, ifufe, mmiri) na-egwu akụkụ ndị a, yana mmegide dị iche iche: n'ụlọ na n'èzí ụwa, na-emeghe na mechiri emechi, nro na ike, siri ike ma ọ bụ na-egosipụta ụdị, mgbagwoju anya na anya, ije. na stasis, usoro na ọgba aghara. <ref name="Diggory01">Diggory, Anne. "Layers of Clarity and Ambiguity," ''American Artist'', October 2001, p. 40–47.</ref> <ref name="Lee21">Lee, Jangro. [https://magazine.weverse.io/article/view?lang=en&colca=&artist=&searchword=alice%20dalton%20brown&num=244 "Alice Dalton Brown Where the light Breathes,"] ''Weverse Magazine'', September 24, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2023.</ref> Ọ na-akwalite mmetụta ndị a site n'iwepụ ndị mmadụ na arịa ụlọ n'ihe nkiri ya ka ndị na-ekiri wee nwee ike ijide oghere ahụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu; <ref name="Howard91" /> <ref name="Howell99">Howell, Camille. "Light, life spill from Brown's artwork," ''The Springfield News-Leader'', October 29, 1999.</ref> <ref name="Goldsmith10" /> Ndị nkatọ na-atụ aro na ịdị mma a na-enweghị isi na-eme ka eserese ahụ nwee echiche nke ihe omimi ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ eziokwu. <ref name="Whitman13"/> <ref name="Ainsworth14"/> <ref name="Diggory01" /> Ụfọdụ ndị ode akwụkwọ achọpụtala usoro ngụkọ oge, anụ ahụ na nke mmụọ na mmalite nke ọrụ Dalton Brown: site na facade ruo n'ọnụ ụzọ ruo n'ime ime, wee pụta na windo wee banye na mbara mmiri gafere. <ref name="Whitman13" /> <ref name="Carey18" /> === Ọrụ "Barn" (1965-77) === N'agbata 1965 na 1977 Dalton Brown mfe na ụzọ nke ọba na silos, kere "iji foto collage na nzacha nke ike nka na ebe nchekwa" dị ka nyọcha.  [1] [2] Onye nka New York Sun bụ David Grosz ụzọ dị ka "nkà nke archetypes, ọ bụghị ihe dị iche iche" nke mere ka "aura akara ngosi dị iche" n'iche ya site na ihe ide dị  mfe nke agba siri ike site na egwuregwu nke ngosi na ọrịa.  [1] Ka oge na-aga, ọrụ a bịara na-esiwanye ike, dị ka na ụzọ Shadow of Tree and Table (1977), otu facade na-acha uhie uhie na-acha uhie uhie na-acha ọcha na-acha ọcha.  na slats na akara na ndò amorphous crimson nwere ụdị picnic na-acha uhie n'ihu, nke a na-ahụ anya naanị site na.  lug ya gbara;  Nlebanya tụlere oghere n'ihu dị otú ahụ na ihe Cubist nke Charles Sheeler na Georgia O'Keeffe . <ref name="Whitman13"/> <ref name="Kingsley02"/> <ref name="Cristiano06">Cristiano, Joshua. "Alice Dalton Brown," ''ARTnews'', December 2006, p. 152.</ref> === Eserese ụlọ (1977–94) === N'afọ 1977, ụlọ obodo na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla na Westfield, New York dọtara mmasị Dalton Brown wee ghọọ ebe a na-elekwasị anya n'ọtụtụ ọrụ, na-ebute isi ihe ọhụrụ na ọrụ ya: Ụlọ Victorian, nke a na-ele anya site n'èzí ma na-egosipụtakarị ọchịchọ ịnọ n'ime ya. na ụfọdụ na-ewere dị iche iche dị ka feminist ma ọ bụ Freudian. <ref name="Whitman13">Whitman, Arthur. [https://www.ithaca.com/entertainment/alice-dalton-brown-realist-paintings-at-the-johnson-museum/article_ff4c16ca-e3f1-11e2-8cec-0019bb2963f4.html "The Realist Paintings of Alice Dalton Brown,"] ''The Ithaca Times'', July 3–9, 2013, p. 13. Retrieved January 10, 2023.</ref> <ref name="Kingsley02">Kingsley, April. [https://books.google.com/books?id=WnhwQgAACAAJ ''The Paintings of Alice Dalton Brown''], New York/Manchester, VT: Hudson Hills Press, 2002. Retrieved January 10, 2023.</ref> O kwenyesiri ike na mbido oge, ebe na oge ahụrụ anya, mana jiri nwayọ kwaga n'ọsọ nke na-adịghị adị n'ezie site na ijikọta ihe sitere na ọnọdụ dị iche iche, echiche ma ọ bụ oge dị iche iche na oge dị iche iche na ìhè, oke na ihe ọkụkụ. <ref name="Henry83">Henry, Gerrit. "Alice Dalton Brown," ''ARTnews'', November 1983, p. 207.</ref> <ref name="Lee21"/> N'ọrụ ụfọdụ, ọ na-ese ihe nkiri zuru oke, dịka ọ dị n'obosara-ụkwụ iri na otu, nke na-acha ọcha ''Grand Westfield Porch'' (1980); ihu ihu, akụkụ akụkụ facade nke ụzọ archways na-adịghị mma, kọlụm ndị dị gịrịgịrị na enyo a kpụrụ akpụ a na-achọ mma yiri ka ọ gbapụrụ site na aghụghọ nke echiche, ọ mụbara okpukpu abụọ dị ka ọmụmụ na abstraction geometric. <ref name="Whitman13" /> <ref name="Cooper83">Cooper, James F. "Alice Dalton Brown," ''New York Tribune'', May 13, 1983. p. 6B.</ref> N'ọrụ ndị ọzọ, ọ na-abanye na nkọwa - windo gbachiri agbachi, nzọụkwụ ole na ole, ma ọ bụ akụkụ nke ihe owuwu ụzọ mbata, dị ka ọ dị na usoro ''Kathy's Room'' (1983). <ref name="Kingsley02" /> Eserese ụlọ ahụ na- ahọrọ anya n'ókè ma ọ bụ oghere ọnụ ụzọ - ọnụ ụzọámá, windo na ihe owuwu ụzọ mbata nke na-agafe n'ime na n'ahụ, nsogbu na eze na-achị, na ike nke ịma mma.  , iyi egwu ma ọ bụ ọgba aghara.  Oghere ndị dị otú ahụ na-enyere Dalton Brown aka inyocha textures dị iche iche (ihe atụ, architecture vs. foliage), ụdị siri ike na nke dị nro, na otú egwu egwu (na, ntụgharị uche ma ọ bụ na ụdị n).  'ezie) nwere ike i ihe n'ọtụtụ ụzọ.  [1] [2] [3] Malite na 1980s ikpeazụ, ọ webatara ike ọhụrụ n'akwa a-ma n'ụdị agba na nke-nke na-eme emee ike na ngwaọrụ nke okike.  [4] [5] [6] Ọrụ ndị a na-enye ma ugwu na nke na-ekpuchi, ntọala nke ọkara ọkara ma na-agụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, usoro anya nke etu, ntụgharị uche na ɔdɔ mmiri, na  Ozi ndị na-ahụ mmetụta (ahụka ọmụmaatụ, Tropical Shadows, 1988; Pool: Tropical Reflection, 1989; Pink Dappled)., 1992) <ref name="Kimmelman89">Kimmelman, Michael. "Review/Museums," ''The New York Times'', May 5, 1989. p. C28. Retrieved January 11, 2023.</ref> <ref name="Kingsley02"/> <ref name="Henry03">Henry, Gerrit. "Alice Dalton Brown at Fischbach," ''Art in America'', July 2003, p. 96.</ref> === "Summer Breeze" na usoro mmiri (1995-) === N'etiti 1990s, Dalton Brown echiche ya, yana ihe nkiri si n'ime ụlọ na-elepụ anya, nke nnyefe mma site na windo mepere emepe nke diaphanous, isi ifufe na-eme ka ọ dị ndụ ma ọ bụghị, ọnụ  ụlọ na-ihe ọ na-eche echiche echiche.  [1] [2] [3] [4] Eserese nwere ihe nkiri nkiri mmiri mmiri, dị ka Summer Breeze (1995), Blues Come through .  (1999) na Whisper (2001), kwusiri ike na-arụsi ọrụ ike egwuregwu nke ìhè, dị na geometry na ozi, ozi, ala na mmiri site na ntụgharị uche, ntugharị na mgbagha.  [2] [5] [6] [7] Art na America nkatọ Gerrit Henry ndị ha dị ka ọrụ nke echiche ebi n'oge ndụ, "crystal doro anya na ha psychological pantheism" na "a na- ቀደም egwu nke ọmụmụ."  na ihu igwe" na anya maka iche iche n'etiti kwa ụbọchị.  [8] Site na ọrụ ndị dị ka elegiac Autumn Reverie (1998), Dalton Brown kwusiri ike na nhazi ụlọ na nchekwa dị iche iche a na-ahụ anya nke windo na-ebe, n' ahụ n'ime usoro ihe eji ọnụ ọnụ.  nke triptych-dị ka usoro nke nwere ihe owuwu ụzọ mbata, ọnụ na ime ime . <ref name="Kingsley99">Kingsley, April. "The Clear Light of Alice Dalton Brown," [https://www.worldcat.org/title/43975408 ''Alice Dalton Brown: Interior Spaces – Exterior Light''], Springfield, MO: Springfield Art Museum, 1999. Retrieved January 10, 2023.</ref> <ref name="Whitman13"/> <ref name="Ainsworth14" />Na mgbe e-ahụ,-acha ndị-adịkwaghị esere nke oké osimiri, Dalton Brown na-etinye uche ndị na-ekiri nri n'elu mmiri na otherworldly dere na-ahụ ụzọ mgbasa framing ngwaọrụ, grounded nanị site sonso ugbu kite- ma ọ  bụ ụgbọ mmiri-dị ka ozi (eg, Ma ọ bụ Earth ma ọ bụ oké osimiri, 2011).  [1] [2] Ihe ngosi ya, "Nocturnes and Diurnes" (Fischbach, 2010), egwuregwu iri na abụọ nke ebili mmiri na-egosi nke weghaara oge na-aga site n'ụtụ ruo n'iji.  [3] [4] N'edemede 2014, onye na-akọ ihe mere eme bụ Maryan Ainsworth jiri nke ihe ọrụ mmiri nke Dalton Brown na-eme ihe ndị e ji njikwa ya na ụwa ndị Dutch Old Master na-ese ihe n  'ihe gbasara anya, usoro na ụgbọ;  ọ anya anya, nzaghachi uche na-ndị- ma ntọhapụ na akara akara - dị ka oge "na-adịru oyiyi ebi ebe ahụ na-agbanwe agbanwe." Usoro Dalton Brown's "Italy" (2015-19) akụkọ mgbe ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri na American Academy na Rome .  Ụbọchị pastels na mpaghara ya na-anya na ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na textures nke mpaghara ebe a na-eme kwa ụbọchị nwere echiche sitere na ma n'ime (site na windo) na n' dị iche iche Villas.  [1] [2] [3] Na 2021, My Art Museum na Seoul nlegharị anya ihe ndị ọrụ iri Dalton Brown, "Ebe ọkụ na-eku ume," nke ọkụ na-eku ume," nke ndị ọkụ atọ "Summer Breeze" nyere ọrụ: "N'  oge dị egwu," "Atụmanya" na "Lifting Light" ( niile 2021). <ref name="Park21"/> <ref name="Lee21"/> == Nchịkọta ihe ngosi nka == Ọrụ Dalton Brown bụ nke mkpokọta nke Allen Memorial Art Museum, [1] Asheville Art Museum, Butler Institute of American Art, Johnson Museum of Art, [2] Frost Art Museum, Maier Museum of Art, [3] Metropolitan Museum.  nke Art, [4] Minneapolis Institute of Art, [5] New York Public Library, Springfield Art Museum, [6] Tampa Museum of Art, na Telfair Museums, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, yana ụlọ ọrụ, na mkpokọta mkpokọta.. <ref name="Butler19">Butler Institute of American Art. [https://butlerart.com/portfolio-item/alice-dalton-brown/ Alice Dalton Brown: Pastels], Portfolio. Retrieved January 10, 2023.</ref> <ref name="Kingsley02"/> == Ihe ngosi katalọgụ na akwụkwọ == * Shin, Miri, Bora Kim na James Mullen. ''Alice Dalton Brown: Ebe Ìhè na-eku ume'', Seoul: My Art Museum, 2021 * Zona, Louis. [https://alicedaltonbrown.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Alice-Dalton-Brown-Pastel-Catalog.pdf ''Pastel nke Alice Dalton Brown''], Youngstown, OH: Ụlọ ọrụ Butler nke Art American, 2019 * Ainsworth, Maryan W. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/908141759 Asụsụ Ndị Mmụọ Ozi]'', New York: Fischbach Gallery, 2014 * Wiles, Stephanie. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/885300738 Oge okpomọkụ ikuku: Ihe osise na eserese nke Alice Dalton Brown]'', Ithaca, NY: Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art, NY2013. * Kingsley, Eprel. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49583206 Ihe osise nke Alice Dalton Brown]'', New York: Hudson Hills Press, 2002 == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.alicedaltonbrown.net Alice Dalton Brown] webụsaịtị gọọmentị * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230119181019/https://www.janeeckertfineart.com/alice-dalton-brown Alice Dalton Brown], Jane Eckert Fine Art * [https://alicedaltonbrown.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Alice-Dalton-Brown-Johnson-Museum-catalogue.pdf ''Summer Breeze''], Alice Dalton Brown, 2010, Johnson Museum of Art [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 9k4c8pcj2wou4d7ez75i0m7dnijrtkt 0 48724 729914 207686 2026-10-02T00:59:13Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729914 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}'''Storyboard P''' (amụrụ '''Saalim Muslim''' ) bụ onye ịgba egwu okporo ụzọ America. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ na-eme ụdị ịgba egwu n'okporo ámá na-agbanwe agbanwe, a na-ahụkwa ya nke ọma maka ụdị nkwalite ya. Ọ mepụtara ụdị ịgba egwu a na-akpọ "mutation" ma ọ bụ "mutant", nke na-eji mmegharị mgbaji na-asọpụrụ iji kwụsị ihe nkiri mmegharị, nke aha "Storyboard P" na-ezo aka na ya. == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Storboard P Saalim Muslim, ma tolite na Crown Heights, Brooklyn . Ọ na-agba egwu n'okpuru aha Professoar, ma emesịa gbanwee n'aha Storyboard P, yana "Storyboard" na-ezo aka ịkwụsị ihe nkiri, na "P" na-ejide n'aka Professoar. <ref name="seibert22">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/31/arts/dance/storyboard-p-performance-space-new-york.html|title=Storyboard P: Where Is the Place for a Genius of Street Dance?|work=[[The New York Times]]|first=Brian|author=Seibert|date=March 31, 2022|accessdate=24 April 2022}}</ref> Ọ gụrụ ịgba egwu na Harlem School of Arts . <ref name="seibert22" /> == Ụdị == A maara bọọdụ akụkọ P karịsịa maka flex, ụdị ịgba egwu okporo ámá sitere na Brooklyn ma na-agụnye pantomime na ntụgharị anụ ahụ. <ref name="danois17">{{Cite news|url=https://www.okayplayer.com/music/storyboard-p-king-of-mutation-dance-jay-z-444-interview.html|title=4:44 Dancer Storyboard P on Dance Culture, Mutation + Wanting Freedom|work=[[Okayplayer]]|first=Ericka|author=Blount Danois|accessdate=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206211027/https://www.okayplayer.com/music/storyboard-p-king-of-mutation-dance-jay-z-444-interview.html|archive-date=6 December 2021|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọ zụlitekwara ụdị ịgba egwu okporo ụzọ nke ya, nke a na-akpọ "mutation" <ref name="danois17" /> ma ọ bụ "mutant". <ref name="seibert22" /> Nke a style na-adọta si animation, karịsịa nkwụsị ngagharị na claymation, na-agụnye tightly achịkwa na gbajiri mmegharị, na simulations nke yiri agaghị ekwe omume ngagharị dị ka levitation ma ọ bụ na-akpụ akpụ azụ mgbe na-aga n'ihu. <ref name="seibert22" /> <ref name="danois17" /> Bọọlụ akụkọ P bụ nke ama ama maka nkwalite ịgba egwu ya. <ref name="nalepinski17">{{Cite news|url=https://theithacan.org/life-culture/influential-street-dancer-glides-onto-campus-for-mlk-week/|title=Influential street dancer glides onto campus for MLK Week|work=[[The Ithacan]]|first=Kate|author=Nalepinski|date=January 25, 2017|accessdate=24 April 2022}}</ref> == Ihe omume == Akụkọ akụkọ P mere na ebe ndị gụnyere Breakin' Convention na Sadler's Wells Theatre, <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://outandaboutnycmag.com/1-30-18-oa-nyc-dance-storyboard-p-motion-picture-wave-at-breakin-convention-2012/|title=Storyboard P: Motion Picture Wave at Breakin' Convention 2012|work=Out & About NYC Magazine|author=Staff|date=January 30, 2018|accessdate=24 April 2022}}</ref> Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art, <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://massmoca.org/story-board-p-and-the-warriorz/|title=Storyboard P and the Warriorz|publisher=[[Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art]]|date=27 January 2015|accessdate=24 April 2022}}</ref> na Ithaca College, <ref name="nalepinski17" />na e nyere ya ikike ịpụta na Performance Space New York . <ref name="seibert22" /> Na mgbakwunye na ịgba egwu okporo ámá, Storyboard P emewo na vidiyo egwu a ma ama. Na 2010, ọ gbara egwu na vidiyo maka "Mechie anya gị" site na Bullitts . <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JE4X3sCVpws|title=THE BULLITTS'- "CLOSE YOUR EYES" (Storyboard P video remix)|date=December 17, 2010|accessdate=24 April 2022}}</ref> Na 2012, Storyboard P gosipụtara na ihe nkiri ahụ maka ''ruo mgbe jụụ na-abịa'' site na [[Flying Lotus]], bụ onye meriri onyinye onyinye Jury pụrụ iche maka Short Film na Sundance Film Festival, na ''Okayplayer'' mara ya dị ka oge mgbe Storyboard P "kụrụ isi ihe" . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.okayplayer.com/news/flying-lotus-short-film-until-the-quiet-comes-wins-sundance-award.html|title=Pass The Popcorn: Flying Lotus Short Film Wins Sundance Award|work=[[Okayplayer]]|author=Zeph|accessdate=24 April 2022}}</ref> N'afọ 2017, e gosipụtara Storyboard P na vidiyo egwu maka egwu " 4:44 " nke Jay-Z . <ref name="danois17" /> A họpụtara ya ka ọ gbaa egwu solo na vidiyo 2013 maka "Picasso Baby" site na Jay-Z, ọ naghị ege egwu egwu ahụ tupu oge eruo, kama ịhọrọ imeziwanye egwu egwu ya ka ọ nụrụ egwu ahụ na nke mbụ. <ref name="nalepinski17" /> Ka ọ na-erule 2017, vidiyo YouTube nke gụnyere ịgba egwu Storyboard P erutela ihe dị ka nde 500, n'ihi ngosipụta ya na vidiyo site n'aka ndị nka egwu ama ama. <ref name="danois17" /> Akwụkwọ akụkọ P mekwara na azụmahịa maka Apple Watch . <ref name="seibert22" /> == Nkwenye == Na Bessie Awards na 2015, Storyboard P nwetara ihe nrite Choreographer pụtara ìhè. <ref name="bessie15">{{Cite web|url=https://bessies.org/2015-emerging-choreographer-juried-bessie-award/|title=2015 emerging choreographer & juried Bessie award|publisher=[[Bessie Awards]]|year=2015|accessdate=24 April 2022}}</ref> E gosipụtara ịgba egwu ya na ''New York Times'' <ref name="seibert22" /> na ''New Yorker'', ma gosipụta ya na mkpuchi mkpuchi maka ''Waya'' . <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thewire.co.uk/issues/350|title=Storyboard P|work=[[The Wire (magazine)|The Wire]]|first=Greg|author=Tate|accessdate=24 April 2022}}</ref> Ọ bụkwa isiokwu nke oru nyocha nke mmiri mmiri ojii. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://liquidblackness.com/storyboard-p-research-project|title=Figuring suspension: A study of visual recording artist Storyboard P|publisher=The liquid blackness project|year=2018|accessdate=24 April 2022}}</ref> Otu akụkọ sitere n'aka ''The Guardian'' kwuru na a na-ewere Storyboard P dị ka onye na-ahụ maka mgbanwe mgbanwe n'ụwa niile ", mgbe ọ nọ na ''Okayplayer'' amatara ya dị ka "eze nke ịgba egwu flex". <ref name="danois17" /> E jiriwo ya tụnyere onye na-ahụ maka ọhụụ neo-expressionist [[Jean-Michel Basquiat]], na na ''New Yorker'' Storyboard P ka amapụtara dị ka "Basquiat nke ịgba egwu n'okporo ámá". Myirịta nke ụfọdụ mmegharị na mutation dance na moonwalk kpọkwara atụnyere [[Michael Jackson]], gụnyere dị ka "ọzọ virtuosic ndọtị nke Michael Jackson". <ref name="seibert22" /> == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}} leaswecub2j60uz4dkvhopkf3n2yv1k 0 49730 729837 706474 2026-10-01T13:55:41Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729837 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Boxer_(dog).jpg|thumb|Ndị na-akụ ọkpọ, na-egosi ntị ndị e kere eke na ndị e gburu egbu]] [[Usòrò:Dobermann_puppy.jpg|thumb|Nwa nkịta Doberman Pinscher nke e tinyere ntị ya na teepu iji zụọ ha n'ụdị na ụgbọ ala ha chọrọ mgbe a gbasịrị ya]] Ịkụ mkpụrụ bụ iwepụ akụkụ ma ọ bụ ihe niile dị na mpụga ntị anụmanụ. Usoro a na-agụnye mgbe ụfọdụ nkwado nkwado na ịpị ntị nke fọdụrụnụ iji zụọ ha ka ha tụọ aka ọtọ. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nanị na-eme na nkịta, ọ bụ omume ochie nke e mere maka ahụike aghọtara, ihe bara uru ma ọ bụ ihe ịchọ mma. Sayensị ọgwụgwọ anụmanụ na-ekwu na ọ nweghị uru ahụike ma ọ bụ anụ ahụ maka anụmanụ site na usoro ahụ, na-eduga na nchegbu nke obi ọjọọ nke anụmanụ maka ịwa anụmanụ na-enweghị isi. N'oge a, amachibidoro ịkụ ihe ọkụkụ n'ọtụtụ mba, mana ọ ka bụ nke iwu kwadoro na mba ole na ole. Ebe a na-anabata ya, a na-ahụ ya naanị n'ụdị nkịta ụfọdụ, dị ka olulu ehi na ụdị anụ ọhịa, Doberman Pinscher, Schnauzer, Great Dane, Boxer na Cane Corso.. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme na ebumnuche == N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, a na-eme ihe ọkụkụ na nkịta na-arụ ọrụ dịka a kwenyere na ọ ga-ebelata ihe ize ndụ nke nsogbu ahụike, dị ka ọrịa ntị ma ọ bụ hematomas. A na-akọkwa ihe ọkụkụ na nkịta ndị nwere ike ịdị mkpa ịlụ ọgụ, ma ọ bụ mgbe ha na-achụ nta anụ ndị nwere ike ịlụ ọgụ ma ọ bụ na-echebe ìgwè anụ ụlọ n'aka ndị na-eri anụ, ma ọ bụ n'ihi na a na-eji ha eme egwuregwu ọgụ dị ka ọgụ nkịta ma ọ bụ anụ ọhịa bea..<ref name="Briar"></ref><ref name="murgai"> {{Cite book|author=Murgai|first=R.P., Major|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cPPTZvzNNHMC|title=Handbook on Dogs|publisher=New Age International|year=1996|isbn=9788122408935|location=New Delhi, IN}}</ref> === Akụkọ mmalite === Omume Ndị Rom bụ ịkụ nkịta ntị iji zere mmebi na mmerụ ahụ n'ịlụ ọgụ ịchụ nta; na ọdụ ọdụ a na-eme iji zere ibufe ọrịa [[Rabis|rabies]].<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Mills|first=Katelyn E.|date=2016-06-27|title=Tail Docking and Ear Cropping Dogs: Public Awareness and Perceptions|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=11|issue=6|pages=e0158131|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0158131|issn=1932-6203|pmid=27348817}}</ref> === Ụdị ndị nche === Ịkpụ ntị nke Nkịta na-echebe anụ ụlọ bụ, ma ọ ka nwere ike ịbụ, omenala n'ọdịbendị ụfọdụ. A na-egbutu ntị nke nkịta ndị a na-eche nche - dị ka Caucasian Shepherd Dog <ref name="kavk"> {{Cite web|author=Samsonova|first=Anna|url=http://www.fci.be/uploaded_files/328g02-en.doc|title=Caucasian Shepherd Dog (Kavkazskaïa Ovtcharka)|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426221530/http://www.fci.be/uploaded_files/328g02-en.doc|archivedate=2012-04-26|publisher=Fédération Cynologique Internationale|date=2 February 2011|accessdate=15 September 2011}} </ref> na Maremmano-Abruzzese Sheepdog - iji belata ohere nke anụ ọhịa wolf ma ọ bụ nkịta ndị iro na-ejide ha. <ref name="breber"> {{Cite book|author=Breber|first=Paolo|year=1983|title=Il Cane da Pastore Maremmano-Abruzzese|language=it|edition=2nd|pages=98–99|publisher=Firenze|location=Olimpia|chapter=The Maremmano-Abruzzese shepherd dog}} </ref> Dị ka otu nkọwa si kwuo, a na-akụ ihe ubi mgbe a na-enye ụmụ nkịta ara, n'ihe dị ka izu isii. Ọ bụ onye ọzụzụ atụrụ meworo agadi ma ọ bụ ọkachamara na-eme ya, na-eji ụta nkịtị a na-eji akpụ isi, nke a na-akpụ akpụ nke ọma. A na-ebipụ ntị ya ma ọ bụ ruo n'ókè dị ka nke nkịta ọhịa, ma ọ bụ gbaa gburugburu dị ka nke anụ ọhịa bea. A na-ebu ụzọ sie oghere ndị e wepụrụ, <ref name="anne"> {{Cite book|author=MacDonell|first=Anne|others=Atkinson, Amy (illustrator)|year=1907|url=https://archive.org/stream/inabruzzi00macdrich#page/n7/mode/2up|title=In the Abruzzi|location=New York, NY|publisher=F.A. Stokes}} </ref> mgbe ahụ, nye nwa nkịta ka ọ rie, na nkwenye na ọ ga-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe "na-esi ísì ụtọ". <ref name="breber"/> Ụzọ ọzọ bụ iwepụ ntị n'aka ụmụ nkịta a mụrụ ọhụrụ site na ịmegharị ha; Otú ọ dị, nke a hapụrụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ntị mpụga na nkịta ahụ.<ref name="breber" /> A kọwara ma igbu ntị na iji okpu olu nwere spiked ihe karịrị narị afọ atọ gara aga, dị ka ihe nchebe megide anụ ọhịa wolf.<ref> {{Cite book|first=Jean|author={{nobr|de la Fontaine}}|authorlink=Jean de la Fontaine|chapter=Fable&nbsp;9|title=The Fables of la Fontaine|quote=translated in verse from the French|edition=English|language=en-UK|origyear=1678|year=1862|location=London, UK|publisher=Miller|url=https://archive.org/details/fablesdelafonta02fontgoog}} </ref> === Ịlụ ọgụ === Dị ka ụdị ndị na-eche nche, na ọgụ egwuregwu, a na-eji ihe ọkụkụ eme ihe iji belata ihe ize ndụ nke ịta ntị na ijide ya. Ntị bụ ihe dị mfe maka anụmanụ na-emegide ya ijide ma ọ bụ dọwaa ya.<ref name="Briar"></ref> Nkịta nwere ike igbu ntị ha, n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị, maka isonye na ọgụ nkịta, n'onwe ha iwu na-akwadoghị n'ọtụtụ ikike.<ref name="curtis"> {{Cite book|author=Curtis|first=Patricia|year=2002|title=City Dog: Choosing and living well with a dog in town|location=New York, NY|publisher=Lantern Books|isbn=978-1-59056-000-6|url=https://archive.org/details/citydog00patr}} </ref><ref> {{Cite book|author=Robert|first=Thayer Sataloff|date=2006|title=Occupational Hearing Loss|edition=3rd|location=Boca Raton, FL|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=9781420015478|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pn8qBgAAQBAJ}} </ref> === Omume nke oge a === N'afọ 2000, dọkịta na-ahụ maka ụmụ anụmanụ Bruce Fogle dere, sị: <ref name="fogle2">{{Cite book|author=Fogle|first=Bruce|authorlink=Bruce Fogle|title=KISS Guide to Living with a Dog|url=https://archive.org/details/kissguidetolivin00bruc|date=2000|publisher=[[Dorling-Kindersley]]|isbn=0789459760}}</ref>   == Usoro == A maara usoro ọgwụ anụmanụ dị ka "cosmetic Otoplasty", ma na-agụnye iwepụ akụkụ nke pinnae, mpụga flap nke ntị. A na-emekarị ka ụmụ nkịta na-egbutu ihe mgbe ha dị izu 7 ruo 12. Mgbe izu iri na isii gasịrị, usoro ahụ na-afụ ụfụ karịa ma anụmanụ ahụ nwere ncheta ihe mgbu ka ukwuu.<ref name="Briar"></ref> A na-ewepụkarị ihe ruru nke oghere ntị n'ọrụ ịkpụcha, a na-ejikwa ihe na-emechi ọnụ ọnyá ahụ.  Mgbe ahụ, a na-ekpuchi ntị. A na-etinye ihe ọkụkụ ogologo ruo mgbe ha gwọrọ n'ụdị kwesịrị ekwesị.<ref name="doggies" /> A na-atụ aro ka a mee usoro ahụ n'okpuru anesthesia n'ozuzu; nchegbu ndị mmegide na-elekwasị anya na mgbu mgbe ịwa ahụ gasịrị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.avma.org/KB/Resources/LiteratureReviews/Documents/dogs_ear_cropping_bgnd.pdf|title=Literature Review on the Welfare Implications of Ear Cropping-Dogs|date=March 13, 2013|publisher=American Veterinary Medical Association}}</ref> Ụlọ akwụkwọ anụmanụ ndị America anaghị akụzi ihe ọkụkụ (ma ọ bụ ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri), ya mere ndị dọkịta anụmanụ na-eme omume ahụ ga-amụta ọrụ ahụ. Enwekwara nsogbu na ndị na-amụrụ ihe na-eme ka ntị na-egbutu, ọkachasị na ụlọ nkịta.<ref name="Broughton">{{Cite web|url=https://www.animallaw.info/article/cropping-and-docking-discussion-controversy-and-role-law-preventing-unnecessary-cosmetic|title=Cropping and Docking: A Discussion of the Controversy and the Role of Law in Preventing Unnecessary Cosmetic Surgery on Dogs|work=Animal Legal & Historical Center|publisher=Michigan State University College of Law|first=Amy L.|author=Broughton|date=2003}}</ref> N'ime afọ 100 gara aga ma ọ bụ karịa, a na-eme ka a na-egbutu ntị ugboro ugboro maka ebumnuche ịchọ mma. <ref name="murgai"/><ref name="CFHS" /> Na mba na steeti ebe ọ ka bụ iwu, a na-emekarị ya n'ihi na achọrọ ya dị ka akụkụ nke ụkpụrụ agbụrụ maka ngosi na Ihe ngosi nkịta. Na US, ọ bụ ezie na ịdọrọ ọdụ, iwepụ akara igwu mmiri, na usoro neutering ka bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị, ịkpụ ntị na-ebelata, ma e wezụga n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ngosi nkịta.<ref name="CFHS" /> Ụfọdụ ndị na-asọmpi mgbaaka na-ekwu na ha ga-akwụsị omume ahụ kpamkpam ma ọ bụrụ na ha ka nwere ike "mmeri na mgbaaka".<ref name="USAtoday">{{Cite web|url=https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/2009-07-30-dog-tails_N.htm|title=Banfield pet hospitals ban tail docking, ear cropping on dogs|author=Weise|first=Elizabeth|work=[[USA Today]]|date=30 July 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026065343/https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/2009-07-30-dog-tails_N.htm|archivedate=October 26, 2012}}</ref> === Ihe atụ nke ụdị owuwe ihe ubi ===   == Ahụike anụmanụ na iwu == Omume a megidere iwu n'ọtụtụ Europe, gụnyere mba niile kwadoro European Convention for the Protection of Pet Animals, na ọtụtụ mba ndị so na Fédération Cynologique Internationale.<ref name="fogle">{{Cite book|first=Bruce|author=Fogle|authorlink=Bruce Fogle|isbn=0789459760|title=KISS Guide to Living with a Dog|url=https://archive.org/details/kissguidetolivin00bruc|date=2000|publisher=[[Dorling-Kindersley]]}}</ref> Ọ bụ iwu na-akwadoghị na mpaghara nke Spain na mpaghara ụfọdụ nke Canada. A ka na-akụ ntị n'ọtụtụ ebe na United States na akụkụ nke Canada, na ihe dịka ụmụ nkịta 130,000 na United States chere na a na-akụ ntụrụndụ ha kwa afọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.animallaw.info/articles/dduscroppingdocking.htm|title=Cropping and Docking: A Discussion of the Controversy and the Role of Law in Preventing Unnecessary Cosmetic Surgery on Dogs|publisher=Animallaw.info|accessdate=2013-04-17}}</ref> American Kennel Club (AKC) na Canadian Kennel Club na-ekwe ka omume ahụ. Ọnọdụ AKC bụ na ịkpụcha ntị na ịkpụchi ọdụ bụ "omume a na-anabata nke dị mkpa iji kọwaa ma chekwaa àgwà agbụrụ na / ma ọ bụ melite ahụike dị mma. " Ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ steeti n'otu n'otu agbalịwo ịmachibido ịkpụ ntị, enwere mmegide siri ike site na ụfọdụ òtù agbụrụ nkịta, ndị na-ekwu maka nchegbu ahụike na ọdịnala.<ref name="NY">{{Cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060618183601/http://www.akc.org/news/index.cfm?article_id=2908|archivedate=18 June 2006|url=http://www.akc.org/news/index.cfm?article_id=2908|title=New Call to Action for Amended NY State Crop/Dock Bill|publisher=[[American Kennel Club]]|date=9 June 2006|accessdate=31 December 2007}}</ref><ref name="Boxer">{{Cite web|author=Abraham, S.|year=1993|url=http://americanboxerclub.org/Gazette/gaz93-01.pdf|publisher=American Kennel Club Gazette, American Boxer Club|accessdate=January 18, 2016|title=Sad lesson learned|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406194857/http://www.americanboxerclub.org/Gazette/gaz93-01.pdf|archivedate=April 6, 2012}}</ref> American Veterinary Medical Association "na-emegide igbu ntị na ịkwụnye ọdụ nke nkịta mgbe emechara naanị maka ebumnuche ịchọ mma" ma "na-agba ume iwepụ igbu ntị na ọdụ site na ụkpụrụ ọmụmụ". <ref name="avma">{{Cite web|url=https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/avma-policies/ear-cropping-and-tail-docking-dogs|title=Ear cropping and tail docking of dogs|work=[[American Veterinary Medical Association]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200520001141/https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/avma-policies/ear-cropping-and-tail-docking-dogs|archivedate=May 20, 2020}}</ref> N'afọ 2009, Ụlọ Ọgwụ Ụmụ Anụmanụ Banfield Pet Hospital kwupụtara na ha agaghịzi eme ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, ịkpụ ntị ma ọ bụ idobe nkịta.<ref name="USAtoday"/> A na-atụ aro na ịkụ mkpụrụ nwere ike igbochi ikike nkịta iji akara ntị na-ekwurịta okwu, agbanyeghị, enwebeghị ọmụmụ sayensị atụnyere nzikọrịta ozi ntị n'ime nkịta ndị a kpụrụ akpụ na ndị na-akụghị ahịhịa. === Ọnọdụ iwu site na mba === {| class="wikitable sortable" ! style="width: 100pt;" |Country !Status ! style="width: 100pt;" |Ban/restriction date (if applicable) |- |Australia |Banned <ref name="cfhs">{{Cite web|url=http://cfhs.ca/athome/ear_cropping_and_tail_docking|title=Ear cropping and tail docking|publisher=Canadian Federation of Humane Societies|accessdate=2011-09-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110909124714/http://cfhs.ca/athome/ear_cropping_and_tail_docking/|archivedate=2011-09-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wynn|first=Susan|date=2014-06-11|title=World Small Animal Veterinary Association World Congress Proceedings, 2001|url=http://www.vin.com/doc/?id=6327178}}</ref> | |- |[[Austria]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat">{{Cite web|url=http://www.opengov.gr/ypaat/?c=2188|title=Υπουργείο Αγροτικής Ανάπτυξης και Τροφίμων {{pipe}} Δικτυακός Τόπος Διαβουλεύσεων|work=Ministry of Rural Development and Food, Athens, Greece|language=el|date=April 2011|access-date=2024-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406093626/http://www.opengov.gr/ypaat/?c=2188|archive-date=2023-04-06|url-status=dead}}</ref> |1 January 2005 |- |[[Belgium]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |1 January 2006 |- |[[Bosnia na Herzegovina|Bosnia and Herzegovina]] |Banned<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.paragraf.ba/propisi/bih/zakon-o-zastiti-i-dobrobiti-zivotinja.html|title=Zakon o zaštiti i dobrobiti životinja|language=bs|accessdate=26 March 2021}}</ref> | |- |Brazil |Banned for cosmetic purposes<ref name="ypaat" /> | |- |[[Bulgaria]] |Banned |1 February 2005 |- |Canada |Canada has no federal law banning pet cosmetic surgery. The Canadian Veterinary Medical Association opposes all cosmetic alterations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.canadianveterinarians.net/documents/cosmetic-alteration|title=CVMA {{pipe}} Documents {{pipe}} Cosmetic Alteration – Position Statement|work=www.canadianveterinarians.net|accessdate=20 March 2016|archivedate=19 August 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200819092623/https://www.canadianveterinarians.net/documents/cosmetic-alteration}}</ref> Two provinces have provincial legislation prohibiting ear cropping, tail docking, and most cosmetic surgeries: Prince Edward Island (☨1)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/animal-welfare-act-outlaws-animal-ear-cropping-and-tail-docking-1.3301418|title=Animal Welfare Act outlaws animal ear cropping and tail docking|date=November 4, 2015|first=Mitch|author=Cormier|work=CBC News}}</ref> and Newfoundland and Labrador (☨2). Three provinces' veterinary associations ban all veterinarians from performing cosmetic surgeries on pets: New Brunswick (☨3),<ref name="ypaat" /> Nova Scotia (☨4), and Quebec<ref>{{Cite news|title=Quebec's order of veterinarians bans pet cosmetic surgery|work=CBC News|date=6 February 2016|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/quebec-veterinarians-pets-cosmetic-surgery-ban-2016-1.3437083|accessdate=20 March 2016}}</ref> (☨5) Three provincial veterinary associations have bans on ear cropping alone: Manitoba (☨6),<ref name="CBC">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/story/2012/02/10/mb-dog-ear-cropping-illegal-manitoba.html|title=Ear cropping of dogs banned in Manitoba|date=February 10, 2012|work=CBC News}}</ref> British Columbia (☨7),<ref>{{Cite news|title=Cosmetic ear cropping banned by B.C. veterinarians|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/cosmetic-ear-cropping-1.3292068|accessdate=20 March 2016|work=CBC New - British Columbia|date=28 October 2015}}</ref> and Saskatchewan (☨8).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bylaws Of the Saskatchewan Veterinary Medical Association|date=September 17, 2015|url=http://svma.sk.ca/uploads/pdf/BYLAWS%202015%20FINAL%20COPY%20FOR%20WEBSITE.pdf|accessdate=2016-03-20|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006104420/http://svma.sk.ca/uploads/pdf/BYLAWS%202015%20FINAL%20COPY%20FOR%20WEBSITE.pdf|archivedate=2016-10-06}}</ref> | ☨1: 10 July 2015 ☨2: 1978 ☨3: 15 October 2008 ☨4: 1 April 2010 ☨5: 1 January 2017 ☨6: 3 February 2012 ☨7: 2015 ☨8: 2013 |- |[[Kroatia|Croatia]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |2007<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rep sa sretnim završetkom|work=[[Jutarnji list]]|date=11 January 2008|url=https://www.jutarnji.hr/naslovnica/rep-sa-sretnim-zavrsetkom-3285635|language=hr|accessdate=26 March 2021}}</ref> |- |Cyprus |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |1993 |- |[[Chekia|Czech Republic]] |Banned<ref name="ECPPA" /> |1 April 1999 |- |[[Denmark]] |Banned<ref name="cfhs" /> |1 June 1996 |- |England |Banned<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=8 November 2006|title=Animal Welfare Act 2006|url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/45/contents|work=legislation.gov.uk}}</ref> |1899 |- |[[Estoniya|Estonia]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |2001 |- |[[Finland]] |Banned<ref name="eslaki">{{Cite web|author=Oy|first=Edita Publishing|title=FINLEX - Säädökset alkuperäisinä: Eläinsuojelulaki 91/1971 (Finnish Animal Protection Law)|url=https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/alkup/1971/19710091|work=finlex.fi|language=fi}}</ref> |15 February 1971 |- |France |Banned<ref name="legif">{{Cite web|url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/id/LEGIARTI000021647477/2010-01-01/|title=Sous-section 2 : Dispositions relatives aux animaux de compagnie (Articles R214-19-1 à R214-34) - Légifrance|work=www.legifrance.gouv.fr|language=fr}}</ref> |1 January 2010 |- |Germany |Banned<ref name="ECPPA" /> |1 May 1992 |- |[[Greece]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |27 February 1992 |- |[[Hungary]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> | |- |[[Iceland]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |2001 |- |India |Previously restricted, currently unrestricted <ref name="sura">{{Cite web|author=Ajay Sura|date=Apr 14, 2013|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-04-14/chandigarh/38529054_1_tail-ears-kennel-club|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515093634/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-04-14/chandigarh/38529054_1_tail-ears-kennel-club|archivedate=2013-05-15|title=Now, you can dock dogs' tail|work=The Times of India}}</ref> | |- |Ireland |Banned<ref>{{Cite web|title=Minister McConalogue announces new legislation to protect dogs from ear cropping|url=https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/c33f6-minister-mcconalogue-announces-new-legislation-to-protect-dogs-from-ear-cropping/|work=www.gov.ie|language=en|date=25 August 2023}}</ref> | |- |Israel |Banned<ref name="defra">{{Cite web|url=http://www.defra.gov.uk/animalh/welfare/domestic/awbillconsulttaildocking.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626075746/http://www.defra.gov.uk/animalh/welfare/domestic/awbillconsulttaildocking.pdf|title=A review of the scientific aspects and veterinary opinions relating to tail docking in dogs|archivedate=June 26, 2007|date=2005|work=defra.gov.uk}}</ref> |2000 |- |Italy |Banned<ref name="ECPPA" /> |1 November 2011 |- |[[Latvia]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> | |- |[[Lithunia|Lithuania]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> | |- |[[Luxembourg]] |Banned<ref name="ECPPA" /> |1 May 1992 |- |[[Netherlands]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |1 September 2001 |- |New Zealand |Banned<ref name="cfhs" /> |2004 |- |Northern Ireland |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /><ref name=":0" /> |2011 |- |[[Norway]] |Banned<ref name="cfhs" /> |1954 |- |[[Poland]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |1997 |- |[[Portugal]] |Banned<ref name="ECPPA" /> |1 January 1994 |- |[[Romania]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |2008 |- |Russia |Restricted{{Citation needed|date=September 2011}} | |- |Scotland |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /><ref name="johnston" /><ref name=":0" /> |1899 |- |[[Serbia]] |Banned<ref>{{Cite web|title=Zakon o Dobrobiti Životinja|url=https://www.paragraf.rs/propisi/zakon_o_dobrobiti_zivotinja.html|accessdate=1 January 2019}}</ref> |2019 |- |[[Slovakia]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |1 January 2003 |- |[[Slovenia]] |Banned<ref name="ZZZiv">{{Cite web|url=http://zakonodaja.gov.si/rpsi/r08/predpis_ZAKO4018.html|title=Zakon o zaščiti živali (Uradno prečiščeno besedilo) (ZZZiv-UPB1)|accessdate=2009-09-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209090436/http://zakonodaja.gov.si/rpsi/r08/predpis_ZAKO4018.html|archivedate=2010-02-09}} Slovene Animal Protection Act (in Slovene)</ref> |April 2007 |- |South Africa |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |June 2008 |- |Spain |Banned in autonomies of Catalonia and Andalucia<ref name="ypaat" /> | |- |Sweden |Banned<ref>{{Cite web|title=Djurskyddsbestämmelser - Hund|url=https://www2.jordbruksverket.se/download/18.7f64c0b5150cc5875dcbb105/1446627262283/jo11_2v4.pdf|accessdate=2021-01-25}}</ref> |1989 |- |[[Switzerland]] |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |1997 |- |[[Turkéy|Turkey]] |Banned<ref>{{Cite web|title=5199 Animal Protection Law - Article 8|url=http://www.lawsturkey.com/law/5199-animal-protection-law|work=Laws , Regulations in Turkey|accessdate=12 November 2017|archivedate=13 November 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113003309/http://www.lawsturkey.com/law/5199-animal-protection-law}}</ref> |2004 |- |United States |Unrestricted{{refn|Some states, including New York<ref name="NY"/> and Vermont, have considered bills to make the practice illegal|group=note}} |2003 |- |Virgin Islands |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /> |2005 |- |Wales |Banned<ref name="ypaat" /><ref name="johnston" /><ref name=":0" /> |1899 |} == Anụmanụ ndị na-abụghị nkịta == Ịkpụpụta akụkụ buru ibu nke pinnae nke anụmanụ ndị ọzọ bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe, ọ bụ ezie na ịkpụpụta ọdịdị na pinnae anụ ụlọ, nke a na-akpọ earmarks, bụ ihe a ma ama tupu iwebata akara ntị iwu. A ka na-eji iwepụ akụkụ nke ntị nke òké ụlọ nyocha ma ọ bụ nwamba na-enweghị eriri maka njirimara, ya bụ, ịpị ntị ma ọ bụ ịpị isi ntị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Eartipping|url=https://www.neighborhoodcats.org/how-to-tnr/veterinary/eartipping|work=Neighborhood Cats|accessdate=24 March 2022}}</ref> Omume nke ịkpa ihe maka ebumnuche ntecha bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe na ndị na-abụghị nkịta, ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ anụmanụ a na-azụlite nwere obere ntị nke nwere ike ịghọtahie maka ịkpa ihe.[note 2] == Hụkwa == * Okpokoro (ọdụ nkịta) * Ịkpụzi ntị (ntị mmadụ) * Nchịkọta nke usoro mwakpo na-emetụta ụmụ anụmanụ == Ihe edeturu == .mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman} == Ebem si dee == <div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 45em;"> <references responsive="0"> <ref name="ECPPA"><templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles><cite class="citation web cs1">[https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list "Chart of signatures and ratifications of Treaty 125 - European Convention for the Protection of Pet Animals"]. ''Treaty Office''. 14 October 2020.</cite></ref> </references> </div> [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] okny0q9gywtb0obeql5vhlm6ex79ezu 0 50623 729861 516191 2026-10-01T15:51:56Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729861 wikitext text/x-wiki Integrated Farming (Ọ BỤRỤ), mmepụta agbakwunyere ma ọ bụ njikwa ugbo jikọtara ọnụ bụ usoro nlekọta ugbo dum nke na-achọ ịnapụta ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide. Integrated Farming na-ejikọta ngwa ọrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ na teknụzụ yana omume ọdịnala dịka saịtị na ọnọdụ enyere, na-ejikarị ọtụtụ usoro ịkụ ihe n'obere mpaghara na-eto eto. == Nkọwa == [[Usòrò:EISAWheel3.jpg|thumb|Usoro zuru oke UNI 11233 ọhụrụ European bio standard: usoro mmepụta jikọtara ọnụ na-ele anya ma na-emetụta ugbo '''Organic''' na Bio dum]] International Organisation of Biological Control (IOBC) na-akọwa ọrụ ugbo jikọtara ọnụ dị ka UNI 11233-2009 European ọkọlọtọ dị ka usoro ọrụ ugbo ebe a na-emepụta nri organic dị elu, nri nri, eriri na ume ọhụrụ site na iji akụrụngwa dịka ala, mmiri, ikuku na ọdịdị yana ịhazi ihe iji rụọ ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide yana ihe ntinye mmetọ ole na ole o kwere mee. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iobc-wprs.org/ip_ipm/iobc_bas.pdf|title=as of 25.07.2014|accessdate=2014-10-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006121651/http://www.iobc-wprs.org/ip_ipm/iobc_bas.pdf|archivedate=2014-10-06}}</ref> A na-ekwusi ike na usoro nchịkwa nke ihe ọkụkụ na-ele anya na ugbo Bio dum dị ka otu jikọtara ọnụ, na ọrụ dị mkpa na ọrụ nke agro-ecosystems, na usoro nri, nke na-edozi ma na-adaba na mkpa nke ihe ọkpọkọ, na ahụike na ọdịmma nke anụ ụlọ niile dị na ugbo ahụ. Idebe na imeziwanye Ala na-eme nri, idebe na imelite [[Biodiversity|gburugburu ebe obibi dị iche iche]] na ịgbaso ụkpụrụ omume na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya bụ ihe ndị dị mkpa. Nchebe ihe ọkụkụ na-eburu n'uche usoro niile nke ihe ndị dị ndụ, teknụzụ, na nke kemịkal, nke a na-eji nlezianya kwado na ebumnuche iji chebe gburugburu ebe obibi, iji mee ka uru nke azụmahịa ahụ dị ma mezuo ihe ọha na eze chọrọ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iobc-wprs.org/ip_ipm/iobc_bas.pdf|title=Stand 25. Juli 2014|accessdate=2014-10-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006121651/http://www.iobc-wprs.org/ip_ipm/iobc_bas.pdf|archivedate=2014-10-06}}</ref> European Initiative for Sustainable Development in Agriculture (EISA) nwere Integrated Farming Framework, nke na-enye nkọwa ndị ọzọ gbasara akụkụ dị mkpa nke ọrụ ugbo.<ref name="as of 25.07.2014">{{Cite web |url=http://sustainable-agriculture.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/EISA_Framework_english_new_wheel_170212.pdf |title=as of 25.07.2014 |accessdate=2024-08-09 |archivedate=2024-08-09 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240809073846/http://www.sustainable-agriculture.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/EISA_Framework_english_new_wheel_170212.pdf }}</ref> Ndị a gụnyere: Nhazi na Atụmatụ, Human & Social Capital, Ịrụ ọrụ nke Ike, Ojiji na Nchebe Mmiri, Mgbanwe ihu igwe na Air Quality, Nchịkwa Ala, Nri Ubi, Ahụike na Nchebere, Ịkpa anụmanụ, Ahụike & Ahụike, Nchebe Ala & Okike na Nchịkwa Mmetụta. LEAF (Linking Environment and Farming) na UK na-akwalite ihe nlereanya yiri ya ma kọwaa Integrated Farm Management (IFM) dị ka usoro azụmahịa ugbo dum nke na-enye ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.leafuk.org/|title=LEAF official website|accessdate=2024-08-09|archivedate=2008-07-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724072211/http://www.leafuk.org/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.leafuk.org/leaf/farmers/LEAFs_IFM/Whatisifm.eb|title=What is LEAF's Integrated Farm Management (IFM)?|accessdate=2015-06-18|archivedate=2015-08-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150806044126/http://www.leafuk.org/leaf/farmers/LEAFs_IFM/Whatisifm.eb}}</ref> LEAF's Integrated Farm Management nwere ngalaba itoolu metụtara: Organization & Planning, Soil Management & Fertility, Crop Health & Protection, Pollution Control & By-Product Management, Animal Husbandry, Energy Efficiency, Water Management, and Landscape & Nature Conservation. == Nchịkọta == [[Usòrò:SA-IF-ICM-IPM-Cube.jpg|thumb|Ọrụ ugbo jikọtara ọnụ n'ihe gbasara ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide]] Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Nri na Ọrụ Ugbo nke United Nations (FAO) na-akwalite Integrated Pest Management (IPM) dị ka ụzọ kachasị mma maka nchebe ihe ọkụkụ ma na-ewere ya dị ka ogidi nke ma na-adịgide adịgide nke mmepụta ihe ọkụkụ na mbelata ihe egwu pesticide. N'ihi ya, IPM bụ otu ihe dị mkpa nke njikwa ihe ọkụkụ jikọtara ọnụ, nke n'aka nke ya bụ otu akụkụ dị mkpa nke usoro ọrụ ugbo zuru oke maka ọrụ ugbo ga-adigide. Forum des Agriculteurs Responsables Respectueux de l'Environnement (FARRE)[7] na-akọwapụta usoro ụkpụrụ na omume ndị a na-ahụkarị iji nyere ndị ọrụ ugbo aka iru ebumnuche ndị a::<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.farre.org/|title=FARRE: Accueil|accessdate=2005-08-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070607221854/http://www.farre.org/|archivedate=2007-06-07}}</ref> Ụkpụrụ: * Ịmepụta nri dị elu, eriri na ihe ndị e ji emepụta ihe * Ịgbaso ihe ọha mmadụ chọrọ * Ịnọgide na-azụ ahịa ọrụ ugbo * Ilekọta gburugburu ebe obibi * Ịkwado ihe ndị sitere n'okike Omume: * Nhazi na njikwa * Nnyocha na nyocha * Nchebe ihe ọkụkụ * Ịkpa anụmanụ * Nchịkwa ala na mmiri * Nri na-edozi ahụ * Nchịkwa ike * Nchịkwa ihe mkpofu na mgbochi mmetọ * Anụ ọhịa na nlekọta ala * Mgbanwe nke ihe ọkụkụ na nhọrọ dị iche iche Keller, 1986 (nke e hotara na Lütke Entrup et al., 1998 1) na-eme ka ọ pụta ìhè na njikwa ihe ọkụkụ a na-ejikọta agaghị aghọta dị ka nkwekọrịta n'etiti usoro mmepụta ugbo dị iche iche. Kama nke ahụ, a ghaghị ịghọta ya dị ka usoro mmepụta nke nwere ojiji a na-achọ, nke dị ike na nke na-aga n'ihu na mmepe nke ahụmịhe nke emere na ihe a na-akpọ ọrụ ugbo. Na mgbakwunye na nchọpụta sayensị sitere n'okike, a na-ebukwa mkpali sitere na ọrụ ugbo. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Enwere ike ịhụ Njikwa Ọrịa Dị n'Otu dị ka isi mmalite maka usoro zuru oke maka mmepụta ugbo. N'ịgbaso iji kemịkal na-echebe ihe ọkụkụ mee ihe n'ụzọ gabigara ókè, e weere nzọụkwụ mbụ na IPM na mmepụta mkpụrụ osisi na ngwụcha afọ 1950. E mepụtara echiche ahụ n'ụwa niile n'ihe ọkụkụ niile. Dabere na nsonaazụ nke usoro IPM na-elekwasị anya na usoro, e mepụtara ihe nlereanya maka njikwa ihe ọkụkụ. Na mbido, a hụghị ịzụ anụmanụ dị ka akụkụ nke usoro dị otú ahụ (Lütke Entrup et al., 1998 1). N'ime afọ ndị sochirinụ, e guzobere atụmatụ na ọrụ dị iche iche nke mba na mpaghara. Ndị a gụnyere LEAF (Linking Environment And Farming) na UK, FNL (Fördergemeinschaft Nachhaltige Landwirtschaft e.V.) na Germany,FARRE (Forum des Agriculteurs Responsables Respectueux de l'Environnement) na France, FILL (Fördegemeinschaft Integrierte Landbewirtschaftung Luxemburg) ma ọ bụ OiB (Odling i Balans) na Sweden.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fnl.de/|title=Moderne Landwirtschaft - Moderne Landwirtschaft|publisher=Fnl.de|date=|accessdate=2022-02-15}}</ref><ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.odlingibalans.com/|title=Odling i balans, där både ekologi och ekonomi är i balans|publisher=Odlingibalans.com|date=|accessdate=2022-02-15}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, e nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ ole na ole ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụla gbasara iwebata Ọrụ Ugbo na nnukwu ihe ọkụkụ na Europe dịka ọmụmaatụ, na-eduga na aro nke Kọmitii akụ na ụba na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na Febụwarị 2014, na EU kwesịrị ime nyocha miri emi nke mmepụta jikọtara ọnụ na Europe iji nweta nghọta banyere ọnọdụ dị ugbu a na mmepe ndị nwere ike ime.<ref>[https://dm.eesc.europa.eu/eesc/2013/_layouts/WordViewer.aspx?id=/eesc/2013/20002999/2103/eesc-2013-02103-00-00-ac-tra/eesc-2013-02103-00-00-ac-tra-en.doc&DefaultItemOpen=1&Source=http%3A%2F%2Fdm.eesc.europa.eu%2FEESCDocumentSearch%2FPages%2Fopinionsresults.aspx%3Fk%3D%28rapporteur%3ANARRO%29%28documentlanguage%3AEN%29 as of 05.09.2014]</ref> Otú ọ dị, e nwere ihe akaebe na n'etiti 60 na 80% nke pome, nkume na mkpụrụ osisi dị nro ka a zụlitere, na-achịkwa ma na-ere ahịa dịka "Integrated Production Guidelines" si dị na 1999 na '''[[Jémanị|Germany]]''' dịka ọmụmaatụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.obstbau.rlp.de/Internet/global/themen.nsf/0/9268471A9F97322BC1256F56003B760B?OpenDocument|title=10 Jahre kontrollierter Integrierter Obstbau, was nun ?|accessdate=2014-05-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006140659/http://www.obstbau.rlp.de/Internet/global/themen.nsf/0/9268471A9F97322BC1256F56003B760B?OpenDocument|archivedate=2014-10-06}}</ref> LEAF bụ òtù ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide nke e guzobere na 1991. LEAF na-akwalite nnweta na ịkekọrịta ihe ọmụma nke njikwa ugbo jikọtara ọnụ site na LEAF Network, usoro ugbo ngosi LEAF na ebe ọhụrụ. E guzobere LEAF Marque System na 2003 ma bụrụ usoro mmesi obi ike gburugburu ebe obibi nke na-amata ngwaahịa ndị a na-akọ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide. Ụkpụrụ nke njikwa ugbo (IFM) na-akwado ihe achọrọ maka asambodo LEAF Marque, dịka edepụtara na LEAF Marche Standard. LEAF Marque bụ usoro zuru ụwa ọnụ ma na-eji usoro ugbo dum, na-akwado azụmahịa ugbo dum na ngwaahịa ya. N'afọ 2019, azụmaahịa LEAF Marque dị na mba 29, 39% nke mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri UK bụ ndị ụlọ ọrụ LEAF Marche kwadoro. [[Ikpa anumanu|Ịkpa anụmanụ]] na njikwa ihe ọkụkụ (ICM) na-abụkarị naanị alaka abụọ nke otu ụlọ ọrụ ugbo. N'ọrụ ugbo nke oge a, a ghaghị ịghọta ịkpa anụmanụ na mmepụta ihe ọkụkụ dị ka ngalaba jikọtara ọnụ nke a na-apụghị ile anya n'otu n'otu, dịka usoro ọrụ ugbo na-eduga na mmekọrịta chiri anya. N'ihi ya, a naghị atụle ịhapụ ịkpa anụ site na mmepụta ihe ubi (ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu) dịka ụkpụrụ na ebumnuche nke ọrụ ugbo jikọtara ọnụ (Lütke Entrup et al., 1998 1). N'ihi ya, echiche zuru oke maka ọrụ ugbo ma ọ bụ njikwa ugbo dị ka EISA Integrated Farming Framework, na echiche nke Ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide na-etolite, na-akwalite ma na-etinye n'ọrụ na ọkwa ụwa.<ref name="as of 25.07.2014"/> N'ihe metụtara 'ịkwado na-adịgide adịgide' nke ọrụ ugbo, ebumnuche nke a na-atụle n'ụzọ na-ese okwu, arụmọrụ nke iji ihe onwunwe eme ihe na-aghọwanye ihe dị mkpa taa.<ref>[http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/spi/en/ as of 05.09.2014]</ref> Mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke mmepụta ugbo na-adabere na arụmọrụ a na-enweta mgbe ị na-eji ihe ndị sitere n'okike na ụzọ ndị ọzọ niile nke mmepụta. Ntinye kwa kilogram nke mmepụta, mmepụta kwa kilogram nke ntinye, na mmepụta a rụzuru kwa hekta nke ala - ihe a kpaara ókè n'ìhè nke mmụba nke ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ n'ụwa - bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ dị mkpa maka ịtụle arụmọrụ na mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke usoro ọrụ ugbo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldometers.info/world-population/|title=Current World Population|accessdate=2014-10-08}}</ref> N'ihi ya, usoro arụmọrụ na-enye ihe akaebe dị mkpa otu esi ekpebi arụmọrụ na mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke ọrụ ugbo na ebe enwere ike imeziwanye ma ọ bụ ga-emeziwanye. N'ihi ndabere a, akwụkwọ yana atụmatụ asambodo na nyocha ugbo dịka LEAF Marque na UK na mba 33 ndị ọzọ n'ụwa niile na-aghọwanye ngwá ọrụ dị mkpa iji nyochaa - ma melite - ọrụ ugbo.<ref name="leafmarque">{{Cite web|url=http://www.leafuk.org/leaf/farmers/LEAFmarquecertification/whatis.eb|title=What is the LEAF Marque?|accessdate=2015-06-18|archivedate=2015-12-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151214223338/http://www.leafuk.org/leaf/farmers/LEAFmarquecertification/whatis.eb}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ karịa ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ ngalaba, ụkpụrụ na omume SAI Platform na GlobalGap dịka ọmụmaatụ, na-agbaso ụzọ yiri ya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.saiplatform.org/sustainable-agriculture/definition|title=sustainable agriculture definition|accessdate=2014-07-28|archivedate=2014-10-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141001082649/http://www.saiplatform.org/sustainable-agriculture/definition}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.globalgap.org/de/newsartikel/SAI-Platform-ITC-und-GLOBALG.A.P.-starten-gemeinsame-Initiative-zur-globalen-Ernaehrungssicherung-durch-Gute-Agrarpraxis/|title=SAI-Platform-ITC-und-GLOBALG.A.P.-starten-gemeinsame-Initiative-zur-globalen-Ernaehrungssicherung-durch-Gute-Agrarpraxis|accessdate=2015-06-18|archivedate=2015-09-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924022514/http://www.globalgap.org/de/newsartikel/SAI-Platform-ITC-und-GLOBALG.A.P.-starten-gemeinsame-Initiative-zur-globalen-Ernaehrungssicherung-durch-Gute-Agrarpraxis/}}</ref> == Ihe Ndị E Mere == [[Usòrò:Continuous_learning.jpg|thumb|Usoro mmụta na-aga n'ihu na ọrụ ugbo jikọtara ọnụ]] Ọrụ ugbo jikọtara ọnụ dabere na nlebara anya na nkọwa, mmelite na-aga n'ihu na ijikwa ihe niile dịnụ.<ref name="eisaframe">{{Cite web|url=http://sustainable-agriculture.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/EISA_Framework_english_new_wheel_170212.pdf|title=European Integrated Farming Framework|accessdate=2015-06-18|archivedate=2024-08-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240809073846/http://www.sustainable-agriculture.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/EISA_Framework_english_new_wheel_170212.pdf}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true"> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-06-18</span></span>.</cite></ref> N'ịbụ ndị ejikọtara na mmepe na-adigide, akụkụ atọ dị n'okpuru mmepe akụ na ụba, mmepe mmekọrịta mmadụ na gburugburu ebe obibi bụ nke a na-atụle nke ọma na mmejuputa iwu nke ọrụ ugbo. Otú ọ dị, mkpa maka ịba uru bụ ihe dị mkpa dị mkpa: Iji na-adigide, usoro ahụ aghaghị ịba uru, n'ihi na uru na-emepụta ohere iji kwado ọrụ niile akọwapụtara na IF Framework..<ref name="eisaframe"/> Dị ka atụmatụ njikwa na atụmatụ, ọrụ ugbo jikọtara ọnụ na-agụnye nleba anya nke ebumnuche mgbe niile megide nsonaazụ. Echiche EISA Integrated Farming Framework na-etinye aka siri ike na nghọta nke ndị ọrụ ugbo gbasara arụmọrụ nke ha. Ndị ọrụ ugbo na-amata ihe ndị ha rụzuru yana erughị eru site n'ịtụle ọrụ ha mgbe niile, na site n'ịṅa ntị na nkọwa zuru ezu, ha nwere ike na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ n'ịkwalite ọrụ ugbo dum yana arụmọrụ akụ na ụba ha: Dị ka nchọpụta na United Kingdom si kwuo. iwetuta fatịlaịza na ntinye kemịkalụ n'oke nha nha chọrọ ihe ọkụkụ, ekwenyere mbelata ọnụ ahịa sitere na £2,500 ruo £10,000 kwa afọ yana kwa ugbo. .<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Benefits of LEAF Membership: a qualitative study to understand the added value that LEAF brings to its farmer members|url=http://www.leafuk.org/resources/000/563/370/The_Benefits_of_LEAF_Membership.pdf|accessdate=2015-06-18|archivedate=2016-03-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303224735/http://www.leafuk.org/resources/000/563/370/The_Benefits_of_LEAF_Membership.pdf}}</ref> == Mgbasawanye == N'ịgbaso mmepe mbụ na 1950s, e mepụtara ụzọ dị iche iche maka njikwa ahụhụ, njikwa ihe ọkụkụ, mmepụta ihe, na ọrụ ugbo n'ụwa niile, gụnyere Germany, [[Switzerland]], [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|US]], [[Ostraliya|Australia]], na [[Ndia|India]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gemuesebau.org/download/IP_Richtlinie.pdf|title=as of 05.09.2014|accessdate=2014-10-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052910/http://www.gemuesebau.org/download/IP_Richtlinie.pdf|archivedate=2016-03-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ipsuisse.ch/ |title=as of 28.07.2014 |access-date=2024-08-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240809122446/https://www.ipsuisse.ch/ |archive-date=2024-08-09 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2011-title7/pdf/USCODE-2011-title7-chap88-subchapI-partB.pdf as of 25.07.2014]</ref><ref>[https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/7/5822 as of 25.07.2014]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nuffieldinternational.org/rep_pdf/1287487491Robert_Bradley_final_report.pdf |title=as of 21.08.2014 |accessdate=2024-08-09 |archivedate=2012-01-05 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120105093914/http://www.nuffieldinternational.org/rep_pdf/1287487491Robert_Bradley_final_report.pdf }}</ref> Dị ka mmejuputa nke ọrụ ugbo jikọtara ọnụ ga-ejikwa dabere na saịtị na ọnọdụ enyere kama ịgbaso iwu na ntụziaka siri ike, echiche ahụ metụtara ụwa niile. == Nkatọ == Òtù ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi akatọwo ọrụ ugbo jikọtara ọnụ.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2022)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Nke ahụ bụ n'otu akụkụ n'ihi eziokwu ahụ bụ na e nwere European Organic Regulations dị ka (EC) No 834/2007 ma ọ bụ draft ọhụrụ sitere na 2014 mana enweghị ụkpụrụ yiri ya maka ọrụ ugbo.<ref>[http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2007:189:0001:0023:EN:PDF as of 28.07.2014]</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ ugbo na Bio-Siegel [de] na Germany dịka ọmụmaatụ na-echebe n'ụzọ iwu, EU Commission echebaraghị ịmalite ịrụ ọrụ na usoro ma ọ bụ atụmatụ yiri ya maka ọrụ ugbo jikọtara ọnụ. Mgbe a na-ere ngwaahịa dị ka Controlled Integrated Produce, dịka usoro nchịkwa na akara dị mma si dị, anaghị adabere na ntụziaka mba ma ọ bụ Europe kama ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ onwe onye na atụmatụ dị mma dị ka LEAF Marque guzobere ma jikwaa ya.<ref name="leafmarque"/> == Ebem si dee == <references /> [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 7zzld6oa1d6rdupqs160h8byrvzo0gg 0 50716 729862 719422 2026-10-01T16:06:54Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729862 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Daedelus_comparison,_remote_sensing_in_precision_farming.jpg|thumb|Ihe oyiyi ndị na-acha adịgboroja na-egosi ngwa Mmetụta dịpụrụ adịpụ na ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi.<ref> {{Cite web|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=1139|title=Precision Farming : Image of the Day|publisher=earthobservatory.nasa.gov|accessdate=12 October 2009|date=30 January 2001}}</ref>]] [[Usòrò:Yara_N-Sensor_ALS.jpg|thumb|Yara ''N-Sensor ALS'' nke a na-etinye n'elu okpokoro traktọ - usoro nke na-edekọ ihe ọkụkụ na-egbuke egbuke, na-agbakọ aro maka imeju ma na-agbanwe ọnụọgụ nke fatịlaịza gbasaa]] [[Usòrò:DroneMapper_Processed_NDVI_4cm_GSD.png|thumb|Nkọwa Nkọwapụta NDVI 4 cm / pixel GSD]] Ọrụ ugbo nke ọma (PA) bụ atụmatụ njikwa ọrụ ugbo dabere na ilele, tụọ na ịzaghachi na mgbanwe oge na oghere iji kwalite nkwado mmepụta ugbo.[2] A na-eji ya ma ihe ọkụkụ na anụ ụlọ.[3] Ọrụ ugbo nke ọma na-ejikarị teknụzụ arụ ọrụ arụ ọrụ ugbo, na-emezi nyocha ha, ime mkpebi ma ọ bụ ịrụ ọrụ.[4][5] Ebumnuche nke nyocha ọrụ ugbo nkenke bụ ịkọwapụta usoro nkwado mkpebi maka njikwa ọrụ ugbo dum na ebumnuche nke ịkwalite nlọghachi na ntinye mgbe ị na-echekwa akụrụngwa. <ref>McBratney, A., Whelan, B., Ancev, T., 2005. Future Directions of Precision Agriculture. Precision Agriculture, 6, 7-23.</ref><ref>Whelan, B.M., McBratney, A.B., 2003. Definition and Interpretation of potential management zones in Australia, In: Proceedings of the 11th Australian Agronomy Conference, Geelong, Victoria, 2–6 Feb. 2003.</ref> Otu n'ime ọtụtụ ụzọ ndị a bụ usoro phytogeomorphological nke jikọtara nkwụsi ike / njirimara nke mkpụrụ osisi ọtụtụ afọ na njiri mara mbara ala. Mmasị nke usoro phytogeomorphological sitere n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na akụkụ geomorphology na-akọwakarị hydrology nke ubi ugbo. <ref>Howard, J.A., Mitchell, C.W., 1985. Phytogeomorphology. ''Wiley''.</ref><ref name="KasparColvin2003">{{Cite journal|author=Kaspar|first=Thomas C.|title=Relationship Between Six Years of Corn Yields and Terrain Attributes|journal=Precision Agriculture|volume=4|issue=1|date=March 2003|pages=87–101|issn=1385-2256|doi=10.1023/A:1021867123125}}</ref> Emeela ka omume ọrụ ugbo nke ọma site na ọbịbịa nke GPS na GNSS. Ikike onye ọrụ ugbo na/ma ọ bụ onye nchọcha nwere ịchọta kpọmkwem ọnọdụ ha n'ọhịa na-enye ohere ịmepụta maapụ nke mgbanwe mbara igwe nke ọtụtụ mgbanwe dị ka enwere ike tụọ (dịka ihe ọkụkụ, njirimara ala/topography, ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ, ọkwa mmiri, ọkwa nitrogen, pH, EC, mg, K, na ndị ọzọ).[10] A na-anakọta data yiri nke ahụ site n'usoro ihe mmetụta etinyere na ngwakọ ndị nwere GPS. Usoro ndị a nwere ihe mmetụta nke na-eme ihe n'ezie na-atụ ihe niile site na ọkwa chlorophyll ruo ọkwa mmiri osisi, yana foto dị iche iche.[11] A na-eji data a na njikọ satịlaịtị site na teknụzụ mgbanwe ọnụego mgbanwe (VRT) gụnyere ndị na-akụ mkpụrụ, ndị na-efesa, wdg iji kesaa akụrụngwa kacha mma. Otú ọ dị, ọganihu nkà na ụzụ na-adịbeghị anya enyerela aka iji ihe mmetụta nke oge eme ihe ozugbo na ala, nke nwere ike ibunye data na ikuku na-enweghị mkpa ọnụnọ mmadụ.<ref>M. Sophocleous et al., "A Stand-Alone, In Situ, Soil Quality Sensing System for Precision Agriculture," in IEEE Transactions on AgriFood Electronics, doi: 10.1109/TAFE.2024.3351953.</ref><ref>M. Sophocleous and J. Georgiou, “Precision agriculture: Challenges in sensors and electronics for real-time soil and plant monitoring,” 2017 IEEE Biomed. Circuits Syst. Conf., pp. 1–4, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2017.8325180</ref><ref>{{Cite web|first=M.|author=Sophocleous|title=IoT & Thick-Film Technology for Underground Sensors in Agriculture|year=2016|url=http://www.sensorsmag.com/components/iot-thick-film-technology-for-underground-sensors-agriculture}}</ref> Ụgbọ ala ndị na-akwọ ụgbọ ala na-anaghị akwụ ụgwọ bụ ndị dị ọnụ ala nke ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ elu nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ ugbo nke ọma. Enwere ike ịkwado drones ọrụ ugbo [15] nwere igwefoto multispectral ma ọ bụ RGB iji weghara ọtụtụ onyonyo nke ubi enwere ike ịdụkọta ọnụ site na iji ụzọ fotogrammetric mepụta orthophotos. Onyonyo dị iche iche nwere ọtụtụ ụkpụrụ n'otu pikselụ na mgbakwunye na omenala uhie, ụkpụrụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ dị ka nso infrared na ụkpụrụ ụdị dị iche iche nke na-acha uhie uhie ejiri na-ahazi na nyochaa ndepụta ahịhịa dị ka maapụ NDVI.[16] Drones ndị a nwere ike ịse foto yana ịnye ntụnyere mpaghara dị ka elu, nke na-enye ohere ngwanrọ ịrụ ọrụ algebra maapụ iji wuo maapụ topography. Enwere ike iji map ndị a na-ahụ maka ihe ọkụkụ na-ejikọta ahụike ihe ọkụkụ na ọdịdị ọdịdị, nke a ga-esi na ya pụta iji kwalite ntinye ihe ọkụkụ dị ka mmiri, fatịlaịza ma ọ bụ kemịkalụ dị ka ahịhịa ahịhịa na ndị na-ahụ maka uto site na ngwa mgbanwe ọnụego. == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke usoro nke atọ nke mgbanwe ọrụ ugbo nke oge a. Mgbanwe ọrụ ugbo mbụ bụ mmụba nke ọrụ ugbo, site na 1900 ruo 1930. Onye ọrụ ugbo ọ bụla na-emepụta nri zuru ezu iji nye ihe dị ka mmadụ 26 nri n'oge a.<ref name="ey.com">{{Cite web|url=https://consulting.ey.com/digital-agriculture-helping-to-feed-a-growing-world/|title=Digital agriculture: Helping to feed a growing world|date=23 February 2017|accessdate=3 April 2018|archivedate=15 October 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181015002931/https://consulting.ey.com/digital-agriculture-helping-to-feed-a-growing-world/}}</ref> Afọ 1960 kpaliri Green Revolution na usoro ọhụrụ nke mgbanwe mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, nke mere ka onye ọrụ ugbo ọ bụla na-enye ihe dị ka mmadụ 156.<ref name="ey.com" /> A na-atụ anya na ka ọ na-erule afọ 2050, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi n'ụwa niile ga-eru ihe dị ka ijeri 9.6, mmepụta nri ga-abụrịrị okpukpu abụọ site na ọkwa dị ugbu a iji nye ọnụ ọ bụla nri. Site na ọganihu teknụzụ ọhụrụ na mgbanwe ọrụ ugbo nke ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi, onye ọrụ ugbo ọ bụla ga-enwe ike inye mmadụ 265 nri n'otu mpaghara ahụ.<ref name="ey.com" /> == Nchịkọta == Ugboro mbụ nke mgbanwe ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi bịara n'ụdị satellite na ihe oyiyi ikuku, amụma ihu igwe, ngwa fatịlaịza na-agbanwe agbanwe, na ihe ngosi ahụike ihe ọkụkụ.<ref>[Haneklaus, Silvia/Lilienthal, Holger/Schnug, Ewald (2016): 25 years Precision Agriculture in Germany – a retrospective. In: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Precision Agriculture : 31 July – 3 August 2016, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. Online unter: https://www.openagrar.de/receive/openagrar_mods_00039296]</ref> Ifufe nke abụọ na-agbakọta data igwe maka ọbụna ịkụ osisi ziri ezi, eserese ala, na data ala.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.agnewscenter.com/archives.cfm?news=9903|title=Can Digital Farming Deliver on its Promise?|date=27 April 2016|author=Arama Kukutai|work=www.agnewscenter.com|accessdate=12 August 2024|archivedate=28 February 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228070015/http://www.agnewscenter.com/archives.cfm?news=9903}}</ref> Ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi na-ezube imeziwanye njikwa ọkwa n'ihe gbasara: * wuru ihe ndekọ nke ugbo ha * imeziwanye mkpebiime mkpebi * ịkwalite nchọpụta ka ukwuu * ịkwalite ahịa nke ngwaahịa ugbo * melite ndokwa ịgbazite na mmekọrịta ya na ndị nwe ụlọ * bulie ogo nke ngwaahịa ugbo (dịka ọkwa protein na ọka wit) === Ịkụ ihe na-enye ntụziaka === '''Ịkụ ihe na-enye ntụziaka''' bụ ụdị usoro ọrụ ugbo nke na-enye ndụmọdụ ịkụ ihe na-akpali data nke nwere ike ikpebi ọnụego ịkụ ihe na'ụzọ dịgasị iche iche iji kwado ọnọdụ dịgasịiche gafee otu ubi, iji bulie ihe ọkụkụ. A kọwawo ya dị ka "Big Data on the farm". Monsanto, DuPont na ndị ọzọ na-amalite teknụzụ a na US.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304450904579369283869192124|title=Big Data Comes to the Farm, Sowing Mistrust|work=Wall Street Journal|date=25 February 2014|accessdate=10 February 2015|author=Bunge, Jacob}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/business/21602757-managers-most-traditional-industries-distrust-promising-new-technology-digital|title=Digital disruption on the farm|work=The Economist|date=24 May 2014|accessdate=10 February 2015}}</ref> == Ụkpụrụ Ndị Dị na ya == Ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi na-eji ọtụtụ ngwá ọrụ ma ebe a bụ ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi: traktọ, ngwakọta, sprayers, ndị ọrụ ugbo, ndị na-egwu ala, nke a na-ewere dị ka usoro nduzi onwe onye. Obere ngwaọrụ dị na ngwá ọrụ na-eji GIS (usoro ozi ala) bụ ihe na-eme ka ọrụ ugbo bụrụ ihe ziri ezi. Ị nwere ike iche echiche banyere usoro GIS dị ka "ụbụrụ." Iji nwee ike iji ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi, ọ dị mkpa ka ejiri teknụzụ na usoro data ziri ezi jikọta ngwá ọrụ ahụ. Ngwá ọrụ ndị ọzọ gụnyere teknụzụ ọnụego na-agbanwe agbanwe (VRT), usoro nhazi ụwa na usoro ozi ala, nnwale grid, na ihe mmetụta dịpụrụ adịpụ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://precisionagricultu.re/important-tools-to-succeed-in-precision-farming/|title=Important tools to succeed in precision farming|language=en-US|accessdate=20 November 2019|archivedate=31 October 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031153041/http://precisionagricultu.re/important-tools-to-succeed-in-precision-farming/}}</ref> === Ebe a na-achọta ala === Geolocating a ubi na-enyere onye ọrụ ugbo aka ikpuchi ozi anakọtara site na nyocha nke ala na nitrogen fọdụrụnụ, na ozi gbasara ihe ọkụkụ gara aga na resistivity nke ala. A na-eme geolocation n'ụzọ abụọ * A na-akọwa ubi ahụ site na iji onye na-anabata GPS n'ime ụgbọala ka onye ọrụ ugbo na-anya traktọ gburugburu ubi ahụ. * A na-akọwa ubi ahụ na basemap nke sitere na foto ikuku ma ọ bụ satellite. Ihe oyiyi ndị ahụ ga-enwerịrị ọkwa ziri ezi nke mkpebi na ogo geometric iji hụ na geolocation ziri ezi. === Mgbanwe === Mgbanwe n'ime na n'etiti mpaghara nwere ike ịpụta site na ọtụtụ ihe. Ndị a gụnyere ọnọdụ ihu igwe (ụgbụgbọ mmiri, ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, wdg), ala (ọdịdị, omimi, ọkwa nitrogen), omume ịkọ ugbo (ọrụ ugbo na-adịghị arụ ọrụ ugbo), ahịhịa na ọrịa.Ihe ngosi na-adịgide adịgide - ọkachasị ihe ngosi ala - na-enye ndị ọrụ ugbo ozi gbasara isi ihe ndị na-adịkarị na gburugburu ebe obibi.Ihe ngosi isi na-enye ha ohere ịchọpụta ọnọdụ ihe ọkụkụ, ya bụ, ịhụ ma ọrịa na-etolite, ma ọ bụrụ na ihe ọkụkụ ahụ na-ata ahụhụ site na nrụgide mmiri, nrụgide nitrogen, ma ọ bụ ebe obibi, ma ice mebiri ya na ihe ndị ọzọ.Ozi a nwere ike ịpụta site na ụlọ ọrụ ihu igwe na ihe mmetụta ndị ọzọ (resistivity eletrik nke ala, nchọpụta anya nkịtị, foto satellite, wdg).Nnyocha nke ala na nyocha ala na-eme ka o kwe omume ịlele mmiri dị n'ime. Resistivity nke ala bụkwa ihe dị mfe ma dị ọnụ ala.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/442/442-508/442-508_pdf.pdf|title=Precision Farming Tools: Soil Electrical Conductivity|accessdate=12 June 2016}}</ref> === Atụmatụ === [[Usòrò:SUAS_StardustII_Ndvi_sml.jpg|thumb|Ihe oyiyi NDVI e ji obere usoro ikuku Stardust II mee n'otu ụgbọ elu (299 mosaic images) ]] N'iji map ala, ndị ọrụ ugbo nwere ike ịchụso usoro abụọ iji gbanwee ihe ntinye ubi: * Ụzọ ịkọ ọdịnihu: dabere na nyocha nke ihe ngosi kwụ otu ebe (ala, resistivity, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ubi, wdg) n'oge usoro ihe ọkụkụ. * Usoro nchịkwa: ozi sitere na ihe ngosi kwụ otu ebe na-emelite mgbe niile n'oge usoro ihe ọkụkụ site na: ** nnwale: ịtụle biomass, ịtụle chlorophyll nke akwụkwọ, ịtụ mkpụrụ osisi, wdg. ** Mmetụta dịpụrụ adịpụ: ịtụle parameters dị ka okpomọkụ (ikuku / ala), iru mmiri (ikuku/ala / akwụkwọ), ifufe ma ọ bụ obosara osisi nwere ike ime n'ihi Wireless Sensor Networks na Intanet nke ihe (IoT) <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.libelium.com/libeliumworld/articles/101651651444|title=New Waspmote Sensor Board enables extreme precision agriculture in vineyards and greenhouses- Libelium|work=www.libelium.com}}</ref> ** proxy-detection: ihe mmetụta dị n'ime ụgbọala na-atụle ọnọdụ akwụkwọ; nke a chọrọ ka onye ọrụ ugbo na-akwọ ụgbọala gburugburu ubi ahụ dum. ** mmetụta dị n'elu ma ọ bụ satellite: a na-enweta ihe oyiyi multispectral ma na-edozi ya iji nweta map nke ihe ọkụkụ biophysical parameters, gụnyere ihe ngosi nke ọrịa.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Mahlein|first=Anne-Katrin|date=1 September 2015|title=Plant Disease Detection by Imaging Sensors – Parallels and Specific Demands for Precision Agriculture and Plant Phenotyping|journal=Plant Disease|volume=100|issue=2|pages=241–251|doi=10.1094/PDIS-03-15-0340-FE|pmid=30694129|issn=0191-2917}}</ref> Ngwá ọrụ ikuku nwere ike ịlele oke mkpuchi osisi na ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti ihe ọkụkụ na ahịhịa.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/technology-quarterly/2016-06-09/factory-fresh|title=The future of agriculture: Factory fresh|date=9 June 2016|work=The Economist|accessdate=12 June 2016}}</ref> Mkpebi nwere ike ịdabere na ụdị nkwado mkpebi (ụdị ihe ọkụkụ na ụdị aro) dabere na nnukwu data, mana na nyocha ikpeazụ ọ dị n'aka onye ọrụ ugbo ikpebi n'ihe gbasara uru azụmaahịa na mmetụta na gburugburu ebe obibi- ọrụ nke usoro ọgụgụ isi (AI) na-eweghara dabere na mmụta igwe na netwọk akwara. Ọ dị mkpa ịghọta ihe mere e ji nabata teknụzụ PA ma ọ bụ na a nabataghị ya, "maka na ntinye teknụzụ nke PA ga-eme, onye ọrụ ugbo ga-ahụ teknụzụ ahụ dị ka ihe bara uru ma dị mfe iji mee ihe. O nwere ike ọ gaghị ezu inwe data dị mma n'èzí na uru akụ na ụba nke teknụzụ AP dịka nghọta nke ndị ọrụ ugbo nwere igosipụta echiche akụ na ụba ndị a. "<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Aubert|first=Benoit|date=2012|title=IT as enabler of sustainable farming: An empirical analysis of farmers' adoption decision of precision agriculture technology|journal=Decision Support Systems|volume=54|pages=510–520|doi=10.1016/j.dss.2012.07.002|url=https://publications.aston.ac.uk/id/eprint/40902/1/IT_as_enabler_of_sustainable_farming.pdf|accessdate=26 November 2020|archive-date=8 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200508100731/https://publications.aston.ac.uk/id/eprint/40902/1/IT_as_enabler_of_sustainable_farming.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Mmejuputa omume === Nkà na ụzụ ozi ọhụrụ na nkwurịta okwu na-eme ka njikwa ihe ọkụkụ dị n'ọhịa rụọ ọrụ nke ọma ma dịkwuo mfe maka ndị ọrụ ugbo.Mmetụta nke mkpebi nchịkwa ihe ọkụkụ na-akpọ maka ngwá ọrụ ugbo nke na-akwado teknụzụ dịgasị iche iche (VRT), dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ dịgasịiche nke mkpụrụ osisi yana ngwa dịgasị anya (VRA) nke nitrogen na ngwaahịa phytosanitary.<ref name="nasa-feature"> {{Cite web|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/PrecisionFarming/|title=Precision Farming : Feature Articles|publisher=earthobservatory.nasa.gov|accessdate=12 October 2009|author=Herring|first=David|date=29 January 2001}} </ref> Ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi na-eji teknụzụ na ngwá ọrụ ugbo (dịka traktọ, sprayers, harvesters, wdg): * usoro ọnọdụ (dịka ndị na-anabata [[Usoro Nhazi Ụwa|GPS]] na-eji akara satellite iji chọpụta kpọmkwem ọnọdụ na ụwa); * Usoro ozi ala (GIS), ya bụ, ngwanrọ nke na-aghọta data niile dịnụ; * Ngwá ọrụ ugbo na-agbanwe agbanwe (onye na-akụ, onye na-agbasa). == Ojiji a na-eji ya eme ihe gburugburu ụwa == [[Usòrò:Pteryx_UAV_-_wiki.jpg|thumb|Pteryx UAV, UAV ndị nkịtị maka foto elu na eserese foto nwere isi igwefoto na-agbagharị agbagharị]] Echiche nke ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi pụtara na United States na mbido afọ 1980. N'afọ 1985, ndị na-eme nchọpụta na Mahadum nke Minnesota gbanwere ntinye lime dị iche iche n'ubi ihe ọkụkụ. Ọ bụkwa n'oge a ka omume nke nnwale grid pụtara (na-etinye grid kwụ ọtọ nke otu sample kwa hekta). Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha afọ 1980, a na-eji usoro a eme ihe iji nweta map mbụ maka fatịlaịza na mgbazi pH. Ojiji nke sensọ mmepụta mepụtara site na teknụzụ ọhụrụ, jikọtara ya na ọbịbịa nke ndị na-anabata GPS, anọwo na-enweta ala kemgbe ahụ. Taa, usoro ndị dị otú ahụ na-ekpuchi ọtụtụ nde hekta. Na American Midwest (US), a na-ejikọta ya ọ bụghị na ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide kama na ndị ọrụ ugbo bụ ndị na-anwa ịbawanye uru site na itinye ego naanị n'ebe ndị chọrọ fatịlaịza. Omume a na-enye onye ọrụ ugbo ohere ịgbanwe ọnụego fatịlaịza gafee ubi ahụ dịka mkpa nke GPS guided Grid ma ọ bụ Zone Sampling chọpụtara. Fertilizer nke a ga-agbasa n'ebe ndị na-adịghị mkpa nwere ike itinye ya n'ebe na-eme ya, si otú a na-eme ka ojiji ya dị mma. N'ụwa niile, ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi mepụtara n'ụzọ dịgasị iche iche. Mba ndị bu ụzọ bụ United States, Canada na [[Ostraliya|Australia]]. Na Europe, [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] bụ nke mbụ gara n'ụzọ a, [[France]] sochiri ya nke ọma, ebe ọ pụtara na 1997-1998. Na Latin America, mba na-eduga bụ [[Argentina]], ebe e webatara ya n'etiti afọ 1990 site na nkwado nke National Agricultural Technology Institute. [[Brazil]] guzobere ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị, Embrapa, iji mee nchọpụta ma melite ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide. Mmepe nke GPS na usoro mgbasa ozi na-agbanwe agbanwe nyere aka mee ka ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi .<ref>{{Cite web|title=Simon Blackmore: Farming with robots|url=http://spie.org/newsroom/blackmore-video|publisher=SPIE Newsroom|date=2 June 2016|accessdate=2 June 2016}}</ref> Taa, ihe na-erughị 10% nke ndị ọrụ ugbo France nwere usoro mgbanwe. Iji GPS eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe, mana nke a akwụsịbeghị ka ha jiri ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi, nke na-enye map ndụmọdụ ọkwa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.spotimage.com/web/en/3294-pixagri-precision-agriculture-with-aerial-and-satellite-imagery-satellite-imagery-and-geoinformation-spot-image.php|title=precision agriculture with satellite imagery|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110407161935/http://www.spotimage.com/web/en/3294-pixagri-precision-agriculture-with-aerial-and-satellite-imagery-satellite-imagery-and-geoinformation-spot-image.php|archivedate=7 April 2011}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na teknụzụ dijitalụ nwere ike ịgbanwe ọdịdị nke igwe ọrụ ugbo, na-eme ka igwe dịkwuo mma ma dịkwuo mfe, mmepụta na-abụghị nke igwe ka na-achịkwa n'ọtụtụ mba na-enweta ego dị ala na nke dị n'etiti, ọkachasị na mpaghara Sahara Africa. <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://doi.org/10.4060/cb9479en|title=The State of Food and Agriculture 2022 − Leveraging agricultural automation for transforming agrifood systems|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)|year=2022|isbn=978-92-5-136043-9|location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cb9479en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://doi.org/10.4060/cc2459en|title=In Brief to The State of Food and Agriculture 2022 − Leveraging automation in agriculture for transforming agrifood systems|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)|year=2022|isbn=978-92-5-137005-6|location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2459en}}</ref>Nnyocha banyere ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi maka mmepụta na-abụghị nke igwe na-abawanye na nnabata ya.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Nyaga|first=Justine M.|date=2021-08-01|title=Precision agriculture research in sub-Saharan Africa countries: a systematic map|journal=Precision Agriculture|language=en|volume=22|issue=4|pages=1217–1236|doi=10.1007/s11119-020-09780-w|issn=1573-1618}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Onyango|first=Cecilia M.|date=2021-01-22|title=Precision Agriculture for Resource Use Efficiency in Smallholder Farming Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review|journal=Sustainability|language=en|volume=13|issue=3|pages=1158|doi=10.3390/su13031158|issn=2071-1050}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Proceedings of 1st African Conference of Precision Agriculture – African Plant Nutrition Institute (APNI)|url=https://www.apni.net/product/proceedings-of-1st-african-conference-of-precision-agriculture/|accessdate=2022-12-23|language=en-US}}</ref> &nbsp;Ihe atụ gụnyere AgroCares aka-held soil scanner, uncrewed air vehicle (UAV) ọrụ (nke a makwaara dị ka drones), na GNSS iji mee map ókèala ubi ma guzobe ala.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|author=Lowenberg-DeBoer|first=James|date=2019|title=Setting the Record Straight on Precision Agriculture Adoption|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2134/agronj2018.12.0779|journal=Agronomy Journal|language=en|volume=111|issue=4|pages=1552–1569|doi=10.2134/agronj2018.12.0779|issn=0002-1962}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị ihe doro anya ole ndị na-emepụta ọrụ ugbo na-eji teknụzụ dijitalụ eme ihe n'ezie.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite book|author=Van Beek, C|url=https://www.agrocares.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/whitepaper-christy-van-beek-1.pdf|title=Adoption level is the most underestimated factor in fertiliser recommendations|publisher=AgroCares|year=2020|accessdate=23 December 2022|archive-date=13 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221213232157/https://www.agrocares.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/whitepaper-christy-van-beek-1.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ịkpa anụ ụlọ n'ụzọ ziri ezi na-akwado ndị ọrụ ugbo n'oge site n'ịnọgide na-enyocha ma na-achịkwa mmepụta anụmanụ, mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi, na ahụike na ọdịmma.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Schillings|first=Juliette|date=2021|title=Exploring the Potential of Precision Livestock Farming Technologies to Help Address Farm Animal Welfare|journal=Frontiers in Animal Science|volume=2|doi=10.3389/fanim.2021.639678|issn=2673-6225}}</ref>Sensọ ndị ejikọtara na ụmụ anụmanụ ma ọ bụ na ngwá ọrụ ụlọ nkwakọba ihe na-arụ ọrụ na njikwa ihu igwe ma na-enyocha ọnọdụ ahụike, mmegharị na mkpa ụmụ anụmanụ. &nbsp;Dịka ọmụmaatụ, enwere ike iji akara eletrọniki (EID) nke na-enye ohere ka robot na-enye mmiri ara nweta nchekwa data nke udder coordinates maka ehi ụfọdụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Knight|first=C.H.|date=2020|title=Review: Sensor techniques in ruminants: more than fitness trackers|journal=Animal|language=en|volume=14|issue=S1|pages=s187–s195|doi=10.1017/S1751731119003276|pmid=32024562}}</ref> Ahịa usoro mmiri ara ehi na-akpaghị aka n'ụwa niile amụbaala n'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, mana ọ ga-abụrịrị na nkuchi na Northern Europe, ma eleghị anya ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara ịdị na mba ndị na-enweta ego dị ala na nke etiti.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020|title=Global milking robots market size by type, by herd size, by geographic scope and forecast|url=https://www.verifiedmarketresearch.com/product/milking-robots-market|accessdate=24 July 2022|work=Verified Market Research}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Rodenburg|first=Jack|date=2017|title=Robotic milking: Technology, farm design, and effects on work flow|journal=Journal of Dairy Science|volume=100|issue=9|pages=7729–7738|doi=10.3168/jds.2016-11715|pmid=28711263|issn=0022-0302}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Lowenberg-DeBoer, J.|url=https://doi.org/10.4060/cc2624en|title=Economics of adoption for digital automated technologies in agriculture. Background paper for The State of Food and Agriculture 2022|publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)|year=2022|isbn=978-92-5-137080-3|series=FAO Agricultural Development Economics Working Paper 22-10|location=Rome|doi=10.4060/cc2624en}}</ref> Ngwaọrụ na-enye nri maka ehi na ọkụkọ dịkwa, mana data na ihe akaebe gbasara usoro nkuchi ha na ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala dịkwa ụkọ. <ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1"/> E gosiputara uru akụ na ụba na gburugburu ebe obibi nke ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi na China, mana China na-esote mba ndị dị ka Europe na United States n'ihi na usoro ọrụ ugbo nke China nwere obere ugbo ezinụlọ, nke na-eme ka ọnụego nnabata nke ọrụ ugpo ziri ezi dị ala karịa mba ndị ọzọ. Ya mere, China na-anwa iwebata teknụzụ ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi n'ime mba nke ya ma belata ihe ize ndụ ụfọdụ, na-emeghe ụzọ maka teknụzụ China iji zụlite ọrụ ugbo n'ọdịnihu.<ref>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1017/S2040470017001066|title=Precision Agriculture in China: Exploring Awareness, Understanding, Attitudes and Perceptions of Agricultural Experts and End-Users in China|journal=Advances in Animal Biosciences|volume=8|issue=2|pages=703–707|year=2017|author=Kendall|first=H.|url=https://eprint.ncl.ac.uk/fulltext.aspx?url=239759/1E563DE4-1F12-4A59-8EB4-D0D0A5B3FC72.pdf&pub_id=239759}}</ref> N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2014, onye isi ala Russia kwuru okwu n'ụlọ omebe iwu Russia ebe ọ kpọrọ oku maka National Technology Initiative (NTI). A na-ekewa ya na obere ihe dịka FoodNet initiative. Ihe omume FoodNet nwere usoro ihe ndị a kpọsara dị mkpa, dị ka ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi. Ubi a nwere mmasị pụrụ iche na Russia dị ka ngwá ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịmepụta ihe ndị dị na bioeconomy na Russia.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Osmakova|first=Alina|title=Recent biotechnology developments and trends in the Russian Federation|journal=New Biotechnology|volume=40|date=2018|issue=Pt A|doi=10.1016/j.nbt.2017.06.001|pages=76–81|pmid=28634066}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nti2035.ru/markets/|title=Рынки Нти}}</ref> == Mmetụta akụ na ụba na gburugburu ebe obibi == Ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi, dị ka aha ahụ na-egosi, pụtara itinye ihe ntinye ziri ezi na nke ziri ezi dị ka mmiri, fatịlaịza, ọgwụ ahụhụ wdg. n'oge ziri ezi maka ihe ọkụkụ maka ịbawanye mmepụta ya na ịbawanye ihe ọkụkụ ya. Omume nchịkwa ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi nwere ike belata nke ukwuu ọnụọgụ nke ihe oriri na ihe ọkụkụ ndị ọzọ eji eme ihe mgbe ha na-eme ka ihe ọkụkụ dị elu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://money.cnn.com/2016/08/03/technology/climate-corporation-digital-agriculture/index.html|title=Hacking the farm: How farmers use 'digital agriculture' to grow more crops|first=Julianne|author=Pepitone|date=3 August 2016|work=CNNMoney|accessdate=12 August 2024|archivedate=12 August 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240812100119/https://money.cnn.com/2016/08/03/technology/climate-corporation-digital-agriculture/index.html}}</ref> N'ụzọ dị otú a, ndị ọrụ ugbo na-enweta nloghachi na itinye ego ha site n'ichekwa mmiri, ọgwụ ahụhụ, na fatịlaịza. Nke abụọ, uru buru ibu nke itinye aka na-emetụta mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi. Itinye oke kemịkal n'ebe kwesịrị ekwesị na n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị na-abara ihe ọkụkụ, ala na mmiri dị n'okpuru ala uru, ya mere usoro ihe ọkụkụ dum.<ref name="economist.com">{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/technology-quarterly/2016-06-09/factory-fresh|title=The future of agriculture|work=The Economist|date=9 June 2016}}</ref> N'ihi ya, ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi aghọwo isi nkuku nke Ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide, ebe ọ bụ na ọ na-akwanyere ihe ọkụkụ, ala na ndị ọrụ ugbo ùgwù. Ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide na-achọ ijide n'aka na a na-aga n'ihu na-enye nri n'ime oke gburugburu ebe obibi, akụ na ụba na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya achọrọ iji kwado mmepụta ogologo oge. Akụkọ 2013 gbalịrị igosi na ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi nwere ike inyere ndị ọrụ ugbo nọ na mba ndị na-emepe emepe dịka India aka.<ref>{{Cite news|authorlink=Anil K. Rajvanshi|first=Anil K.|author=Rajvanshi|url=http://newindianexpress.com/nation/Is-precision-agriculture-the-solution-to-Indias-farming-crisis/2013/10/15/article1836607.ece|title=Is precision agriculture the solution to India's farming crisis|archive-date=2013-10-16|access-date=2024-08-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016205744/http://newindianexpress.com/nation/Is-precision-agriculture-the-solution-to-Indias-farming-crisis/2013/10/15/article1836607.ece|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi na-ebelata nrụgide nke ọrụ ugbo na gburugburu ebe obibi site n'ịbawanye arụmọrụ nke igwe na itinye ya n'ọrụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ojiji nke ngwaọrụ nchịkwa dịpụrụ adịpụ dị ka GPS na-ebelata ojiji mmanụ ụgbọala maka ọrụ ugbo, ebe itinye ihe oriri ma ọ bụ ọgwụ ahụhụ nwere ike belata ojiji nke ntinye ndị a, si otú ahụ na-echekwa ego ma belata nsị na-emerụ ahụ n'ime ụzọ mmiri.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Schieffer|first=J.|year=2015|title=The economic and environmental impacts of precision agriculture and interactions with agro-environmental policy|journal=Precision Agriculture|volume=16|pages=46–61|doi=10.1007/s11119-014-9382-5}}</ref> GPS na-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mkpakọ n'ala site na ịgbaso usoro nduzi e mere n'oge gara aga. Nke a ga-enyekwa ohere maka obere oge n'ọhịa ma belata mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke ngwá ọrụ na kemịkal. Ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi na-emepụta ọtụtụ data dị iche iche nke na-emepụta ohere iji gbanwee ma jiri data dị otú ahụ mee ihe maka nkà mmụta ihe ochie na ọrụ ihe nketa, na-eme ka nghọta nke nkà mmụta ihe mgbe ochie na ala ugbo nke oge a.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Opitz|first=Rachel|title=Remote Sensing Data to Support Integrated Decision Making in Cultural and Natural Heritage Management - Impasses and opportunities for collaboration in agricultural areas|journal=Internet Archaeology|date=2023|issue=62|doi=10.11141/ia.62.10|url=https://intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue62/10/index.html}}</ref> == Nkà na ụzụ na-apụta == Ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi bụ itinye n'ọrụ teknụzụ ọrụ ugbo dijitalụ. E tinyewo ihe karịrị ijeri $ 4.6 na ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ ọrụ ugbo - mgbe ụfọdụ a na-akpọ agtech.<ref name="ey.com"/> === Robots === Traktọ ndị na-eduzi onwe ha adịla oge ugbu a, ka akụrụngwa John Deere na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ụgbọ elu na autopilot. Traktọ na-arụ ọtụtụ ọrụ, onye ọrụ ugbo na-abanye maka ihe mberede.[45] Nkà na ụzụ na-aga n'ihu n'igwe na-enweghị ọkwọ ụgbọala nke GPS haziri iji gbasaa fatịlaịza ma ọ bụ ịkọ ala. A na-ebute nnwere onwe nke teknụzụ site na mkpa nyocha nke na-achọsi ike, na-esikarị ike ịrụzu naanị site n'aka ndị ọrụ ugbo na-arụ ọrụ. N'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ mmepụta dị elu, mmezi akwụkwọ ntuziaka enweghị ike ịkwado.[49] Ihe ọhụrụ ndị ọzọ na-agụnye, obere ọkụ anyanwụ, igwe/robot nke na-achọpụta ahịhịa na-egbu ya kpọmkwem site na iji ọgwụ ahịhịa ma ọ bụ lasers..<ref name="economist.com" /><ref>{{Cite news|author=Papadopoulos|first=Loukia|title=This new farming robot uses lasers to kill 200,000 weeds per hour|url=https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/farming-robot-lasers-200000-weeds-per-hour|accessdate=17 November 2022|work=interestingengineering.com|date=21 October 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Verdant Robotics launches multi-action agricultural robot for 'superhuman farming'|url=https://roboticsandautomationnews.com/2022/02/23/verdant-robotics-launches-multi-action-agricultural-robot-for-superhuman-farming/49471/|work=Robotics & Automation News|accessdate=17 November 2022|date=23 February 2022}}</ref> Robots ọrụ ugbo, nke a makwaara dị ka AgBots, adịlarị, mana a na-emepụta robots owuwe ihe ubi dị elu iji mata mkpụrụ osisi ndị tozuru etozu, gbanwee ọdịdị na ogo ha, ma jiri nlezianya wepụta ha na alaka.<ref name="idealog.co.nz">{{Cite web|url=http://idealog.co.nz/tech/2016/10/five-technologies-changing-agriculture|title=Five technologies changing agriculture|date=7 October 2016}}</ref> === Drones na ihe osise satellite === A na-eji teknụzụ Drone na Satellite eme ihe n'ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi. Nke a na-emekarị mgbe drones na-ewere foto dị elu ebe satellites na-ejide foto buru ibu. Enwere ike ijikọta foto ụgbọ elu site na ụgbọ elu dị mfe na data sitere na ndekọ satellite iji buo amụma maka mmepụta n'ọdịnihu dabere na ọkwa dị ugbu a nke biomass. Ihe oyiyi ndị a chịkọtara nwere ike ịmepụta map contour iji soro ebe mmiri na-aga, chọpụta mkpụrụ dịgasị iche iche, ma mepụta map nke ebe ndị na-amị mkpụrụ karịa ma ọ bụ obere.<ref name="economist.com"/> === Intanet nke ihe === Intanet nke ihe bụ netwọk nke ihe ndị a na-ahụ anya nwere ngwá electronic nke na-eme ka nchịkọta data na nchịkọta. IoT na-abanye n'ọrụ na mmepe nke sensọ na ngwanrọ njikwa ugbo. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ndị ọrụ ugbo nwere ike iji spectroscopy tụọ nitrogen, phosphorus, na potassium na nsị mmiri, nke a ma ama na-ekwekọghị.<ref name="economist.com"/> Ha nwere ike nyochaa ala iji hụ ebe ehi emeela nsị ma tinye fatịlaịza naanị n'ebe ndị chọrọ ya. Nke a na-ebelata ojiji nke fatịlaịza ruo pasent 30.<ref name="idealog.co.nz"/> Sensọ mmiri n'ime ala na-ekpebi oge kachasị mma maka osisi mmiri dịpụrụ adịpụ.<ref>M. Sophocleous and J. K. Atkinson, “A novel thick-film electrical conductivity sensor suitable for liquid and soil conductivity measurements,” Sensors Actuators, B Chem., vol. 213, pp. 417–422, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2015.02.110</ref> Enwere ike ịhazi usoro ịgba mmiri iji gbanwee akụkụ nke ogwe osisi ha na-enye mmiri dabere na mkpa na mmiri ozuzo nke osisi ahụ.<ref name="economist.com" /> Ọ bụghị naanị na ihe ọhụrụ na-ejedebe na osisi - enwere ike iji ha mee ihe maka ọdịmma nke ụmụ anụmanụ. Enwere ike itinye anụ ụlọ na sensọ dị n'ime iji nyochaa acid nke afọ na nsogbu mgbari nri. Sensọ ndị dị n'èzí na-agbaso usoro mmegharị iji chọpụta ahụike na ahụike ehi, mmetụta mmerụ ahụ, ma mata oge kachasị mma maka ịzụlite.<ref name="economist.com"/> Enwere ike ijikọta data a niile sitere na ihe mmetụta ma nyochaa iji chọpụta usoro na usoro. Dị ka ihe atụ ọzọ, enwere ike iji teknụzụ nlekota mee ka ịkpa aṅụ dịkwuo irè. Aṅụ nwere uru dị ukwuu n'ihe gbasara akụ na ụba ma na-enye ọrụ dị mkpa maka ọrụ ugbo site n'ịtụba ihe ọkụkụ dịgasị iche iche. Nnyocha nke ìgwè aṅụ site na okpomọkụ wireless, iru mmiri na ihe mmetụta na-enyere aka imeziwanye mmepụta nke aṅụ, na ịgụ ịdọ aka ná ntị n'oge na data nke nwere ike iyi ndụ nke ụlọ ahụ dum egwu.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://iotone.com/casestudy/precision-beekeeping-with-wireless-temperature-monitoring/c918|title=Precision beekeeping with wireless temperature monitoring|work=IoT ONE|accessdate=27 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104111623/https://www.iotone.com/casestudy/precision-beekeeping-with-wireless-temperature-monitoring/c918|archive-date=4 November 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Ngwa smartphones === [[Usòrò:Figure_16_Components_of_a_Precision_Agriculture_System_(49132514563).jpg|thumb|Nhazi nwere ike ịbụ nke usoro ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi jikọtara smartphone]] Ngwa smartphones na mbadamba na-aghọwanye ewu ewu na ọrụ ugbo ziri ezi. Smartphones na-abịa na ọtụtụ ngwa bara uru arụnyerelarị, gụnyere igwefoto, igwe okwu, GPS, na accelerometer. E nwekwara ngwa ndị a raara nye ngwa ọrụ ugbo dị iche iche dị ka eserese ubi, ịchụso ụmụ anụmanụ, inweta ihu igwe na ozi ihe ọkụkụ, na ndị ọzọ. Ha dị mfe ibugharị, dị ọnụ ala, ma nwee ike kọmpụta dị elu.<ref>Suporn Pongnumkul, Pimwadee Chaovalit, and Navaporn Surasvadi, “Applications of Smartphone-Based Sensors in Agriculture: A Systematic Review of Research,” Journal of Sensors, vol. 2015.</ref> === Ịmụ ihe igwe === A na-ejikarị nkuzi igwe eme ihe na njikọ aka na drones, robot, na ịntanetị nke ngwaọrụ ihe. Ọ na-enye ohere maka ntinye data site na nke ọ bụla n'ime isi mmalite ndị a. Kọmputa ahụ na-edozi ozi a ma zighachi omume kwesịrị ekwesị na ngwaọrụ ndị a. Nke a na-enye ohere maka ndị robot ịnye nri zuru oke ma ọ bụ maka ngwaọrụ IoT iji nye mmiri zuru oke ozugbo n'ala.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Goap|first=Amarendra|date=December 2018|title=An IoT based smart irrigation management system using Machine learning and open source technologies|journal=Computers and Electronics in Agriculture|volume=155|pages=41–49|doi=10.1016/j.compag.2018.09.040}}</ref> Mmụta igwe nwekwara ike inye ndị ọrụ ugbo amụma n'oge ọ dị mkpa, dị ka ọdịnaya nke nitrogen dị n'ime ala, iji duzie atụmatụ imeju.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Grell|first=Max|date=9 October 2020|title=Determining and Predicting Soil Chemistry with a Point-of-Use Sensor Toolkit and Machine Learning Model|journal=bioRxiv|doi=10.1101/2020.10.08.331371}}</ref> Ka ọrụ ugbo na-aghọwanye nke dijitalụ, mmụta igwe ga-akwado ọrụ ugbo dị irè na nke ziri ezi na obere ọrụ aka. == Nzukọ == * Nzukọ InfoAg * Nzukọ Europe na Precision Agriculture (ECPA) (nke a na-eme ugboro abụọ) * Nzukọ mba ụwa na Ọrụ Ugbo (ICPA) (nke a na-eme ugboro abụọ) == Hụkwa ==   == Ebe e si nweta ya ==  Isiokwu a gụnyere ederede sitere naọdịnaya n'efuọrụ. Ikike n'okpuru CC BY-SA 3.0 (Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ ezie nankwupụta ikike / ikikeỌpụpụ ọzọ Ihe odide e si nwetaNa Brief to The State of Food and Agriculture 2022 - Ntinye aka n'ọrụ ugbo maka ịgbanwe usoro nri ugbo__ibo____ibo____ibo__ Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] == Ihe edeturu == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 0d1lwc051nan5be36mhqjxdy7tnlj75 0 50876 729815 196078 2026-10-01T12:59:33Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729815 wikitext text/x-wiki   Otu umunwany nke mgbasa ozi uganda UMWA) - bụ òtù na-enweghị uru nke gọọmentị nke dị na Kampala, Uganda, lekwasịrị anya na nkwado ikike mmadụ na ikike ụmụ nwanyị.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-19|title=About UMWA|url=https://www.umwamamafm.co.ug/about-umwa/|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=Uganda Media Women's Association|language=en-US}}</ref> Ndị nta akụkọ nwanyị guzobere na ohanaeze umunwanyi Uganda (UMWA) na 1983 dị ka òtù ndị otu iji weta mgbasa ozi nke nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị na ikpe ziri ezi. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Uganda Media Women's Association (UMWA) {{!}} Democratic Governance Facility|url=https://www.dgf.ug/partner/uganda-media-womens-association-umwa|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=www.dgf.ug|archivedate=2022-09-24|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924235514/https://www.dgf.ug/partner/uganda-media-womens-association-umwa}}</ref> Ndị nta akụkọ nwanyị a na-enye onwe ha iji mee ka nsogbu ụmụ nwanyị pụta ìhè site na mgbasa ozi (redio,Televishon na mgbasa ozi) na isiokwu dịgasị iche iche, gụnyere ime ime ime, [[ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị]], n'etiti okwu ndị ọzọ. == Ihe omume na Ọrụ == UMWA na-elekọta ụlọ mgbasa ozi, Mama FM nke bụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepe obodo nke ụmụ nwanyị lekwasịrị anya na redio na-arụ ọrụ na Kampala na Mpaghara etiti nke Uganda.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Uganda’s Mama FM Gives Women a Chance to Be Heard|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/ugandas-mama-fm-gives-women-a-chance-to-be-heard/1940619.html|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=VOA|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-19|title=Mama 101.7 fm|url=https://www.umwamamafm.co.ug/mama-101-7-fm/|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=Uganda Media Women's Association|language=en-US}}</ref> Redio ahụ na-ebipụta mmemme ntụrụndụ, ihe ngosi, ihe ngosi okwu, egwu na akụkọ. E hiwere Mama FM na 2001 dị ka redio ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na-ejere ụmụ nwanyị na ndị a chụpụrụ achụpụ ozi. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-03-02|title=Uganda Media Women's Association: {{!}} Pambazuka News|url=https://www.pambazuka.org/gender-minorities/uganda-media-womens-association|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=www.pambazuka.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-05-09|title=Enable organisations like UMWA to contribute to media development|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/oped/commentary/enable-organisations-like-umwa-to-contribute-to-media-development-3809254|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=WACC {{!}} Uganda: Women’s radio gets creative in sharing Covid-19 information|url=https://waccglobal.org/uganda-womens-radio-gets-creative-in-sharing-covid-19-information/|accessdate=2022-06-14|language=en-US}}</ref> Umunwanyi mgbasa ozi nke uganda na-ebute ụzọ n'ịhaz Mmeri Ntụrụndụ Maka Ndị Ọkachasị".i nke ndị nta akụkọ na ụlọ mgbasa ozi ndị mere nke ọma na akụkọ gbasara okike. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Anena|first=Harriet|date=2017-08-24|title=Journalists get recognition at Gender Media Awards|url=https://acme-ug.org/2017/08/24/journalists-get-recognition-at-gender-media-awards/|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=African Centre for Media Excellence}}</ref> UMWA na-ezube ibuli ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị Uganda, ọkachasị ndị nọ n'ime ime obodo, ka ha wee tinye aka ma nwee ike isonye na mmemme mmepe nke e mere iji baara ha uru ọ bụghị naanị kamakwa mba ahụ n'ozuzu ya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Uganda Media Women's Association (UMWA)|url=https://www.comminit.com/global/content/uganda-media-womens-association-umwa|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=The Communication Initiative Network|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250222223418/https://www.comminit.com/global/content/uganda-media-womens-association-umwa|archive-date=2025-02-22|url-status=dead}}</ref> [https://whomakesthenews.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Uganda-GMMP-Report.pdf UMWA Ọrụ Ụwa Maka Ntụrụndụ Ndị Kristi WACC ukpụrụ Maka Africa,na Ụmụọrụ Ntụrụndụ Ụwa (GMMP)] nke bụ nyocha kachasị ogologo na nke kachasị n'ụwa gbasara okike na mgbasa ozi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=WACC {{!}} Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP)|url=https://waccglobal.org/our-work/global-media-monitoring-project-gmmp/|accessdate=2022-06-14|language=en-US}}</ref> UMWA esonyewo n'ibipụta akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ ndị na-ewepụta nsogbu ụmụ nwanyị. Otu n'ime akwụkwọ ndị ahụ bụ nyocha gbasara mgbasa ozi gbasara ntuli aka nke 2021 ntule oha nke e gosipụtara na ntuli aka na-agbagọ agbagọ megide ụmụ nwanyị (ndị na-azọ ọkwa, ndị na-eme ntụli aka, ndị ọrụ ntuli aka) maka abamuru nke ụmụ nwoke n'ihe gbasara ngosi, ngosi na nnọchiteanya.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Media urged to give more coverage on women issues|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1428111|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-11-26|title=Women Politicians Sidelined by Print Media – UMWA Report|url=https://chimpreports.com/women-politicians-sidelined-by-print-media-umwa-report/|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=ChimpReports|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Women!|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1031758|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> UMWA anọwo na-ebute ụzọ n'ịlụ ọgụ maka ikike nke ndị nta akụkọ nwanyị. Otu ikpe dị n'isi bụ onye ozi na-enweghị aka olu Abraham Byandala onye a chọrọ ka a taa ya ahụhụ mgbe e jidere ya na igwefoto na 23 Machị 2016 na-akụ Judith Naluggwa n'afọ dị ala ka ọ na-ese foto ya n'ụlọ ikpe mmegide ighozi.Maazị Byandala pụtara n'ụlọ ikpe n'ihe gbasara ihe ihere okporo ụzọ Shs24 ijeri Mukono-Katosi nke a na-etinye ya na ya.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Anena|first=Harriet|date=2016-03-31|title=Media activists want Minister Byandala punished for assault|url=https://acme-ug.org/2016/03/31/media-activists-want-minister-byandala-punished-for-assault-2/|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=African Centre for Media Excellence}}</ref> == Ịdu == Onye isi nke UMWA bụ Ms Margaret B. Sentamu onye bụ onye isi nchịkwa nke nzukọ ahụ kemgbe afọ 1994.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-07|title=At the helm of the Uganda Media Women’s Association for 21 years|url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/full-woman/at-the-helm-of-the-uganda-media-women-s-association-for-21-years-1611832|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=Monitor|language=en}}</ref> A na-ahọpụta ndị nduzi, nke nwere ndị otu asaa, site na Nzukọ Ezumezu. Kọmitii ahụ na-enye ọrụ nlekọta iji mejuputa ma mezuo iwu, ịnakọta ego, iwebata ndị ọrụ dị mkpa, kwado atụmatụ na mmefu ego kwa afọ, ma nye ndị odeakwụkwọ ndụmọdụ dịka ọ dị mkpa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-05-11|title=Board of Directors|url=https://www.umwamamafm.co.ug/board-of-directors/|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=Uganda Media Women's Association|language=en-US}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+<big>UNdị otu UMWA ugbu a</big> ! !Aha ya !Ọnọdụ !Nkọwa |- |1 |Dr. Patricia Litho (phD) |Onye isi oche |Onye nkuzi na Mahadum Makerere ma na-arụ ọrụ dị ka Onye isi nkwurịta okwu maka Community Outreach Rural Electrification Agency<ref>{{Cite web|title=Patricia Litho {{!}} Makerere University - Academia.edu|url=https://mak.academia.edu/PatriciaLitho|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=mak.academia.edu}}</ref> |- |2 |Dr. Emily Maractho (phD) |Onye isi oche |Onye nkuzi nke Journalism na Media Studies na Mahadum Ndị Kraịst nke Uganda. |- |3 |Catherine Ageno |Odeakwụkwọ ukwu |Onye nchịkọta akụkọ na Monitor Publications Limited. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Pardon Our Interruption|url=https://muckrack.com/catherine-ageno|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=muckrack.com}}</ref> |- |4 |Dorothy Nanyonga |Onye na-ahụ maka akụ |Ọkachamara na nkwukọrịta na Ministry of Education and Sports (Uganda). |- |5 |Beatrice Birungi |Onye otu |Onye nta akụkọ na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ya / Mgbasa ozi na nkwurịta okwu |- |6 |Sylivia Nalukwago |Onye otu | |} UMWA enwetala ọtụtụ onyinye nke gụnyere n'etiti ndị ọzọ onyinye maka enyemaka ya dị ịrịba ama na mmepe mgbasa ozi na maka ịmepụta ikpo okwu maka ụmụ nwanyị ndị nta akụkọ iji nwee ọganihu na ubọchị Nchedo nwere onwe Ịntanetị uwa 2022 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Ben Bella, two others honoured for championing journalism|url=https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/133251|accessdate=2022-06-14|work=New Vision|language=en}}</ref> 3aiio4yltui8oldzd3ssp8lsjtdtem6 0 53055 729850 190048 2026-10-01T15:12:55Z Andre Engels 66 Redirected page to [[Mabel Buland]] 729850 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Mabel Buland]] nqz4d3cf9np00pqmzdy0g11289m4mcy 0 53259 729831 726328 2026-10-01T13:28:11Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729831 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Usòrò:Cycliste_à_place_d'Italie-Paris_crop.jpg|thumb|Ịnyịnya ígwè obodo, otu n'ime ụgbọala ndị a ma ama maka ịgagharị]] Mbugharị na-arụsi ọrụ ike, ngagharị dị nro, njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike, ụgbọ njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike ma ọ bụ ụgbọ njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike bụ ibufe ndị mmadụ ma ọ bụ ngwa ahịa, site n'ụzọ na-abụghị moto, dabere na gburugburu mmega ahụ mmadụ.[1] Ụdị mmegharị ahụ a kacha mara amara bụ ịga ije na ịgba ígwè, ọ bụ ezie na ụdịdị ndị ọzọ gụnyere ịgba ọsọ, ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri, ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri, skoota ịgba ụkwụ na skate skate.[2] N'ihi mgbasa ya, a na-atụle ịgba ígwè mgbe ụfọdụ iche iche na ụdị mmegharị ahụ ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Bicycling for Transportation|date=2018|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-12-812642-4|language=en|doi=10.1016/c2016-0-03936-0}}</ref> Amụma ọhaneze na-akwalite mmegharị mmegharị ahụ na-eme ka ihe ngosi ahụike dịkwuo mma site n'ịbawanye ọkwa ahụike anụ ahụ yana ibelata ọnụego oke ibu na ọrịa shuga, [1] [2] ebe ọ na-ebelata oriri nke mmanụ ọkụ na ikuku carbon na-esi na ya pụta.[3]. E gosipụtara amụma ndị a na-ebute mmụba dị ukwuu na njem ụgbọ njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike maka njem: dịka ọmụmaatụ Portland, Oregon, nwere ike ịbawanye iji igwe igwe ugboro ise site na 1990 ruo 2009 site na mmemme ịgba ígwè.[4] Nnyocha egosiwo na mmemme ọkwa obodo dị irè karịa ịgba ume ngagharị na-arụ ọrụ n'ọkwa onye ọ bụla<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Audrey|first=Suzanne|date=December 2019|title=Evaluation of an intervention to promote walking during the commute to work: a cluster randomised controlled trial|journal=BMC Public Health|language=en|volume=19|issue=1|pages=427|doi=10.1186/s12889-019-6791-4|issn=1471-2458|pmid=31014313}}</ref> == Ahụike == Uru ahụike nke ngagharị na-arụsi ọrụ ike gụnyere ibelata nrụgide obodo, mbelata oriri ike na mmepụta, yana nkwalite ndụ dị mma.[1] Ụgbọ njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-egbochi ohere nke ọrịa na-egbu egbu sitere na mmetọ na nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi.[2] Mkpọgharị na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-eme ka ahụike dịkwuo mma site na ibelata mmetọ ikuku site na ụgbọ ala.[3] Agbanyeghị, nsogbu ahụike na-adịghị mma nwere ike ibilite site na ndụ anaghị arụ ọrụ na ịnọ nkịtị. Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Nchịkwa Ọrịa na United States na-atụ aro ịbawanye ohere njem njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike.[4] Ọtụtụ ihe ọmụmụ US na-akwado maka ịba ụba nke njem njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike maka onye ọ bụla, gụnyere ụmụaka, n'ihi ọtụtụ uru ahụike. Ndị na-anọkarị otu ebe nwere ike belata BMI ha site n'ịbawanye mmega ahụ.<ref name="Dons">{{Cite journal|author=Dons|first=E|year=2018|title=Transport mode choice and body mass index: Cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence from a European-wide study|journal=Environment International|volume=119|issue=119|pages=109–116|doi=10.1016/j.envint.2018.06.023|pmid=29957352|url=https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/152336/1/Dons2018_preprint_BMI.pdf}}</ref> Otu House of Commons nke Kọmitii Ahụike nke [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]] kọrọ banyere oke ibu na 2004 tụrụ aro ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè na ịga ije dị ka isi ihe iji lụso oke ibu ọgụ.<ref>House of Commons Health Committee, Obesity – Third Report of Session 2003–04 </ref> Public Health England mere atụmatụ na 2016 na na UK, enweghị ọrụ anụ ahụ na-enye aka na otu onye n'ime mmadụ isii na-anwụ kwa afọ.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Physical activity: applying All Our Health|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/physical-activity-applying-all-our-health/physical-activity-applying-all-our-health|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=GOV.UK|language=en}}</ref> Akụkọ PHE na-ekwu na ịga ije na ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè kwa ụbọchị dị irè iji mụbaa mmega ahụ ma belata oke ibu, yana igbochi ọrịa obi, ụdị ọrịa shuga nke abụọ, ọrịa kansa na ọtụtụ ọrịa uche, gụnyere ịda mbà n'obi.<ref name=":1" /> [[Usòrò:Bike_path_in_the_rain.jpg|thumb|Ndị na-emega ahụ na-agagharị agagharị n'ụbọchị mmiri na-ezo]] Mmega ahụ na-eme ka ahụike uche na ahụike dị mma.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The effects of transport mode use on self-perceived health, mental health, and social contact measures: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study|author=Ione Avila-Palencia|journal=Environment International|volume=120|pages=199–206|date=2018|doi=10.1016/j.envint.2018.08.002|pmid=30098553}}</ref> Ndị na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè na ndị na-aga ije na-ahụ gburugburu ebe obibi ha n'ụzọ dị iche karịa ndị na-anya ụgbọala n'ihi na ụgbọala na-egbochi ihe mmetụta nke na-ekpughe njem na-arụ ọrụ.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|author=Orellana|first=D.|title=A Multidisciplinary Analytical Framework for Studying Active Mobility Patterns|date=2016-06-08|url=http://www.int-arch-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net/XLI-B2/527/2016/|journal=ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences|language=en|volume=XLI-B2|pages=527–534|doi=10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B2-527-2016|issn=2194-9034}}</ref> Ndị na-akwado ịgagharị na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-ekwusi ike na ihe omume ndị dị ka ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè na ịga ije na-akwalite mmetụta nke obodo na njikọ, na-eme ka ahụike uche dị mma na ọdịmma zuru oke.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Scrivano|first=Luana|title=Active mobility and mental health: A scoping review towards a healthier world|journal=Cambridge Prisms: Global Mental Health|date=2024|volume=11|doi=10.1017/gmh.2023.74|pmid=38390252}}</ref> Inye ezigbo akụrụngwa maka ịgagharị na-akwalite ụdị njem a iji belata okporo ụzọ na mkpọchi obodo.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Zhou|first=Q.|date=March 2020|title=Effects of improvements in non-motorised transport facilities on active mobility demand in a residential township|journal=Journal of Transport & Health|language=en|volume=16|pages=100835|doi=10.1016/j.jth.2020.100835}}</ref> Ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè na ịga ije nwere ike ịchekwa ego site na ibelata ego a na-emefu na gasoline.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|author=Giorgio Guariso|date=2017-08-24|title=Assessing the Value of Systematic Cycling in a Polluted Urban Environment|journal=Climate|language=en|volume=5|issue=3|pages=65|doi=10.3390/cli5030065|issn=2225-1154}}</ref> Nsonaazụ nke ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè na ịga ije gụnyere mmụba nke mmetọ ikuku, mkpọtụ, na ihe mberede ugboro ugboro.<ref name=":3" /> Ịgba ígwè na-ebelata mkpa maka nnukwu okporo ụzọ na ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala ka ịnyịnya ígwè na-ewe 8% nke ohere dịnụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụgbọala.<ref name=":3" /> Ka ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè na ịga ije na-abawanye, enwere ike ịgbanwe akụrụngwa obodo ka ọ bụrụ ogige ntụrụndụ iji gbakwunye oghere ahịhịa ndụ na gburugburu obodo.<ref name=":3" /> Ebe ndị mara mma nwere ike ịghọ ebe kachasị mma maka ịga ije na ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè n'obodo ukwu.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Vich|first=Guillem|date=March 2019|title=Green streetscape and walking: Exploring active mobility patterns in dense and compact cities|journal=Journal of Transport & Health|language=en|volume=12|pages=50–59|doi=10.1016/j.jth.2018.11.003|url=https://ddd.uab.cat/record/203496}}</ref> A pụkwara ịgbanwe gburugburu obodo ka ọ bụrụ ebe a na-agagharị agagharị, nke nwere ike ịba uru nye ndị agadi, mana nchekwa nwere ike ịbụ nsogbu ma ọ bụrụ na ebe ndị ụgbọala jupụtara.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|author=Lee|first=Jae Seung|date=December 2013|title=Safely active mobility for urban baby boomers: The role of neighborhood design|journal=Accident Analysis & Prevention|language=en|volume=61|pages=153–166|doi=10.1016/j.aap.2013.05.008|pmid=23777888}}</ref> Ịmepụta ebe ndị dị nchebe na-agagharị n'obodo ukwu nwere ike ịbawanye ewu ewu nke ịga ije, belata enweghị ọrụ, ma melite ahụike.<ref name=":4" /> Tụkwasị na nke a, ndị na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè eletrik na-erite uru site na ụdị mmega ahụ a. N'obodo asaa dị na Europe, ndị na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè eletrik nwere 10% dị elu kwa izu karịa ndị ọzọ na-agba ígwè.<ref name="Castro">{{Cite journal|author=Castro|first=A|title=Physical activity of electric bicycle users compared to conventional bicycle users and non-cyclists: Insights based on health and transport data from an online survey in seven European cities|journal=Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives|volume=1|pages=100017|year=2019|doi=10.1016/j.trip.2019.100017}}</ref> Ndị na-agbanwe na e-bike site na ụgbọala onwe ha ma ọ bụ ụgbọ njem ọha na eze na-emefu ike ka mmega ahụ na-abawanye, na-enweta n'etiti 550 na 880 Metabolic Equivalent Task nkeji kwa izu.<ref name="Castro" /> Ịnyịnya ígwè eletrik nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ dị ka ihe na-eme ka ụmụ nwanyị nwee ike ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wild|first=Kirsty|date=2021-07-07|title=Gender and the E-bike: Exploring the Role of Electric Bikes in Increasing Women's Access to Cycling and Physical Activity|url=https://activetravelstudies.org/article/id/991/|journal=Active Travel Studies|volume=1|issue=1|doi=10.16997/ats.991|issn=2732-4184}}</ref> == Ebe obibi == Uru gburugburu ebe obibi nke ịgagharị na-arụsi ọrụ ike bụ ibelata gas na-ekpo ọkụ iji belata [[Okpomọkụ gburugburu ụwa|okpomọkụ ụwa]].<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Fraser|first=Simon D. S.|date=2011-12-01|title=Cycling for transport and public health: a systematic review of the effect of the environment on cycling|url=https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article/21/6/738/493197|journal=European Journal of Public Health|language=en|volume=21|issue=6|pages=738–743|doi=10.1093/eurpub/ckq145|pmid=20929903|issn=1101-1262}}</ref> Kwa afọ, ụgbọ ala na-ewepụta 4.6 metric ton nke carbon dioxide.<ref>{{Cite web|author=US EPA|first=OAR|date=2016-01-12|title=Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Typical Passenger Vehicle|url=https://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles/greenhouse-gas-emissions-typical-passenger-vehicle|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=US EPA|language=en}}</ref> Dị ka gas na-eme ka ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ, carbon dioxide dị na ikuku na-eme ngwa ngwa mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|author=Jørgensen|first=Susanne V.|date=2014-04-01|title=Assessment of urgent impacts of greenhouse gas emissions—the climate tipping potential (CTP)|journal=The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment|language=en|volume=19|issue=4|pages=919–930|doi=10.1007/s11367-013-0693-y|issn=1614-7502}}</ref> Ka ojiji ụgbọala na-abawanye ikuku gas na-ekpo ọkụ, ọnụego nke ụwa anyị na-eru n'ókè ihu igwe na-agbanwe agbanwe na-arịwanye elu.<ref name=":5" /> Ịgagharị na-eme ka ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ na-ebelata kwa ụbọchị, na-ebepụ ebe ndị a na-agbadata.<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal|author=Keall|first=Michael D.|date=2018-12-01|title=Reductions in carbon dioxide emissions from an intervention to promote cycling and walking: A case study from New Zealand|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S136192091830419X|journal=Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment|language=en|volume=65|pages=687–696|doi=10.1016/j.trd.2018.10.004|issn=1361-9209}}</ref> Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na [[New Zealand]], achọpụtala na njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike iji belata ikuku carbon dioxide site na 1% kwa afọ.<ref name=":6" /> N'ime nnyocha nke obodo asaa dị [[Obodo Békè|Ndị Europe]], a chọpụtara na mgbanwe ndị ọ bụla na njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-abịa na uru dị ukwuu nke ikuku carbon, ọbụlagodi na obodo ukwu dị na Europe nke nwere oke ịga ije na ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè.<ref name="PASTA2">{{Cite journal|author=Brand|first=Christian|date=2021|title=The climate change mitigation effects of daily active travel in cities|journal=Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment|volume=93|language=en|doi=10.1016/j.trd.2021.102764}}</ref> Mmụba nke ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè ma ọ bụ ịga ije n'otu n'otu belatara ikuku CO2 metụtara ndụ. Onye ọ bụla na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè 1 njem / ụbọchị ọzọ ma na-akwọ 1 njem / Ụbọchị na-erughị ụbọchị 200 n'afọ ga-ebelata ikuku CO2 metụtara njem site na ihe dị ka tọn 0.5 karịa otu afọ.<ref name="PASTA">{{Cite journal|author=Brand|first=Christian|date=2021|title=The climate change mitigation impacts of active travel: Evidence from a longitudinal panel study in seven European cities|journal=Global Environmental Change|volume=67|language=en|doi=10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102224}}</ref> Mmetọ ikuku na mkpọtụ bụ mmetụta na-adịghị mma nke njem ụgbọ ala. Mmetọ ikuku na-emetụta ahụike mmadụ na gburugburu ebe obibi adịghị mma.[1] Mmetọ ikuku nwere ike ime ka [[mmiri ozuzo acid]], eutrophication, haze, ọnwụ anụ ọhịa, mbelata oyi akwa ozone nke Ụwa, mmebi ihe ọkụkụ, na mgbanwe ihu igwe zuru ụwa ọnụ.[1] Mkpọtụ mmetọ na-akpaghasị gburugburu ebe obibi na anụ ọhịa.[2] Ịgagharị na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-ebelata mmetọ ikuku na mkpọtụ site n'ịnọchite anya ụgbọ ala ndị na-emepụta gas na mkpọtụ, na-erite uru na gburugburu ebe obibi na gburugburu ebe obibi obodo.<ref name=":3"/> == Nzaghachi gọọmentị == [[Usòrò:Victoria_W6-V9-2.svg|thumb|Ihe ịrịba ama n'okporo ụzọ na Victoria, Australia]] Ịgagharị n'ihu na-arịọ ndị na-eme iwu n'ihi onyinye bara uru ọ na-enye na ahụike anụ ahụ na mbelata nke mmetọ ikuku, <ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|author=Pucher|first=John|date=2010-01-01|title=Infrastructure, programs, and policies to increase bicycling: An international review|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091743509004344|journal=Preventive Medicine|language=en|volume=50|pages=S106–S125|doi=10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.07.028|pmid=19765610|issn=0091-7435}}</ref> na-eduga na mbọ ndị omeiwu na-eme iji mee ka ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè na ịga ije dị nchebe ma na-adọrọ mmasị maka njem na ọrụ onwe onye. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Mackenbach|first=Joreintje Dingena|date=March 2016|title=The Influence of Urban Land-Use and Public Transport Facilities on Active Commuting in Wellington, New Zealand: Active Transport Forecasting Using the WILUTE Model|journal=Sustainability|language=en|volume=8|issue=3|pages=242|doi=10.3390/su8030242}}</ref> Nzọụkwụ ndị a gụnyere mgbanwe akụrụngwa iji kwado ndị na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè na ndị na-aga ije n'okporo ụzọ, iwu iji belata okporo ụzọ ụgbọ ala, <ref name=":8" /> na agụmakwụkwọ na ọzụzụ iji melite nhazi n'etiti ụgbọala na ndị mmadụ na-eji njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike. <ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|author=Pucher|first=John|date=2003-09-01|title=Promoting Safe Walking and Cycling to Improve Public Health: Lessons From The Netherlands and Germany|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-public-health_2003-09_93_9/page/1509|journal=American Journal of Public Health|volume=93|issue=9|pages=1509–1516|doi=10.2105/AJPH.93.9.1509|issn=0090-0036|pmid=12948971}}</ref> Mmepe nke akụrụngwa nke jikọtara ya na mmụba nke ịgagharị na-arụsi ọrụ ike bụ okporo ụzọ sara mbara, ọkụ n'okporo ámá, ala dị larịị, na ahịhịa ndụ n'obodo ukwu, ọkachasị na ohere ịbanye n'ogige ntụrụndụ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Cervero|first=Robert|date=1997-09-01|title=Travel demand and the 3Ds: Density, diversity, and design|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361920997000096|journal=Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment|language=en|volume=2|issue=3|pages=199–219|doi=10.1016/S1361-9209(97)00009-6|issn=1361-9209}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Vich|first=Guillem|date=2019-03-01|title=Green streetscape and walking: Exploring active mobility patterns in dense and compact cities|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214140518303281|journal=Journal of Transport & Health|language=en|volume=12|pages=50–59|doi=10.1016/j.jth.2018.11.003|issn=2214-1405}}</ref> Ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè karịsịa chọrọ mmepe nke akụrụngwa iji nweta mmụba dị ịrịba ama n'iji ya eme ihe, gụnyere: * Okporo ụzọ ịnyịnya ígwè: ụzọ dị iche n'okporo ụzọ a na-ahụkarị nke a họpụtara site na akara na akara okporo ámá ka echekwa maka ịnyịnya ígwè. * Igbe ịnyịnya ígwè: ebe ndị dị na nkuku a họpụtara maka ịnyịnya ígwè iji nọrọ mgbe ọ kwụsịrị. * Ebe ịnyịnya ígwè na-akwụsị: ebe ndị a na-adọba ụgbọala pụrụ iche nke na-agụnyekwa ngwá ọrụ ndị bụ isi maka mmezi ịnyịnya ígwè.<ref name=":8"/> Ọtụtụ ndị na-eme nchọpụta ekwuputala na onyinye kachasị ukwuu maka ịgagharị na-abịa site na ịnweta ihe ntụrụndụ dị mfe dị ka ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ, ụlọ ahịa, na ụlọ ihe nkiri, nke gọọmentị ime obodo nwere ike ịkwalite.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Fan|first=Jessie X.|date=2014-11-01|title=An ecological analysis of environmental correlates of active commuting in urban U.S.|url=|journal=Health & Place|language=en|volume=30|pages=242–250|doi=10.1016/j.healthplace.2014.09.014|pmid=25460907|issn=1353-8292}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Dogan|first=Timur|date=2020-01-02|title=Urbano: A Tool to Promote Active Mobility Modeling and Amenity Analysis in Urban Design|journal=Technology{{!}}Architecture + Design|volume=4|issue=1|pages=92–105|doi=10.1080/24751448.2020.1705716|issn=2475-1448}}</ref> Nchegbu dị ịrịba ama banyere mmụba nke ịgagharị na-arụsi ọrụ ike bụ mmụba kwekọrọ na mmerụ ahụ na ọnwụ, ọkachasị n'etiti ndị na-aga ije ma ọ bụ ndị na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè na ụgbọala.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Lindsay|first=Graeme|date=2011|title=Moving urban trips from cars to bicycles: impact on health and emissions|journal=Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health|language=en|volume=35|issue=1|pages=54–60|doi=10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00621.x|pmid=21299701|issn=1753-6405}}</ref> Ịgagharị n'ọrụ nwere ike na-eri oge karịa ịgagharị n'ụgbọala, na mmetụta nke ebe dị anya, ihe ndị dị na ala dị ka ugwu, na ihu igwe nwere ike ime ka ịrụsi ọrụ ike n'èzí ghara ịdị mma ma ọ bụ ghara ịdị irè.<ref name="Rietveld 531–550">{{Cite journal|author=Rietveld|first=Piet|date=2004-08-01|title=Determinants of bicycle use: do municipal policies matter?|url=https://archive.org/details/transportation-research-part-a-policy-and-practice_2004-08_38a_7/page/531|journal=Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice|language=en|volume=38|issue=7|pages=531–550|doi=10.1016/j.tra.2004.05.003|issn=0965-8564}}</ref> Nkatọ ọzọ nke iwu njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-ekwu na ịgbanwere okporo ụzọ maka iji ịnyịnya ígwè eme njem na-eme ka njem sie ike maka ndị njem ga-enwe ụgbọala.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-09-19|title=Dangerous 'road diets' are starving LA of common sense: Susan Shelley|url=https://www.dailynews.com/2017/09/19/dangerous-road-diets-are-starving-la-of-common-sense-susan-shelley/|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=Daily News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ịgagharị agagharị site na mba == === Njikọ Europe === [[Usòrò:Juist,_Carl-Stegmann-Straße_-_panoramio.jpg|alt=Carfree Juist, Germany|thumb|Juist na-enweghị ụgbọala, Germany]] European Union's Mobility and Transport organization gụnyere ịkwalite ịga ije na ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè n'etiti atụmatụ ya iji mee ka njem na-adịgide adịgide na Europe.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Smith|first=John|date=2016-09-22|title=Sustainable transport|url=https://ec.europa.eu/transport/themes/sustainable_en|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=Mobility and Transport - European Commission|language=en}}</ref> European Union anabatala ebumnuche Vision Zero iji kpochapụ ọnwụ okporo ụzọ niile, na-achọ ibelata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ihe omume n'etiti ndị na-agafe agafe na ndị na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè na ụgbọala, ebe ndị a na-akpatakarị nnukwu mmerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ ọnwụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mobility and transport|url=https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/home_en|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=Mobility and transport - European Commission|language=en}}</ref> N'ịbụ ndị kewapụrụ na European Union, ọtụtụ obodo na mpaghara Europe guzobere otu nzukọ, Polis, na 1989 iji hazie mbọ dị n'etiti gọọmentị ime obodo na European Union iji melite arụmọrụ nke njem.<ref>{{Cite web|title=About Polis|url=https://www.polisnetwork.eu/who-we-are/about-polis/|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=Polis Network|language=en-US}}</ref> Nke a na-agụnye ime ka ọ dịkwuo mfe ịgagharị, nke Polis na-ekwu na ọ na-enye uru na gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike ọha na eze ma na-ekwusi ike na ọganihu ndị a na-enye aka na akụ na ụba.<ref>[https://www.polisnetwork.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/lifecycle_promote-active-travel_handbook.pdf "Active Transportation Best Practices" (PDF)]. Polis Network. June 2019. Retrieved 25 July 2020.</ref> Polis na-atụ aro na mkpebi iwu kwesịrị ịkọwa uru sitere na mbelata ahụike na ụgwọ gburugburu ebe obibi site na njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike, mmụba nke ohere obodo site na mbelata mkpọchi na mmetọ, ma tụlee ụkpụrụ gbasara imepụta ụgbọala iji dozie nchegbu nke nchekwa na ịdị mfe.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211129162520/https://www.polisnetwork.morris-chapman.com/uploads/Modules/PublicDocuments/polis-paper-securing-the-health-benefits-of-active-travel-in-europe.pdf "Securing the health benefits of active travel in Europe" (PDF)]. Polis Network. November 2011. Retrieved 25 July 2020.</ref> Polis na-agba ume mmepe nke Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMPs) iji duzie ọrụ njem n'obodo niile. <ref>[https://www.polisnetwork.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/POLIS_Brochure2020-web.pdf "Polis: Cities and Regions for Transport Innovation" (PDF)]. Polis Network. Retrieved 28 July 2020.</ref> === Netherlands === [[Usòrò:Cycling_Fatalities_in_the_Netherlands_Graph.png|thumb|Ọnwụ ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè na Netherlands site na 2007 ruo 2016.]] A na-eji agagharị agagharị eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na [[Netherlands]], gụnyere ihe karịrị 40% nke njem n'ime ime obodo.[1] Ọdịdị dị larịị na ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ nke Netherlands na-erite uru mmegharị ahụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike, nke amụma gọọmentị kwadoro kemgbe ọtụtụ iri afọ, [2] gụnyere kilomita 35,000 nke ụzọ ịgba ígwè raara onwe ya nye.[3] N'ihi ya, gọọmentị Dutch na-eme atụmatụ na e nwere ihe dị ka igwe igwe 1.3 maka onye ọ bụla na Netherlands.[3] Ihe si na nke a pụta bụ na ihe dị ka 20% nke ndị na-egbu ihe mberede okporo ụzọ Dutch bụ ndị na-agba ígwè, ihe karịrị 100 ndị na-agba ígwè na-anwụ kwa afọ.[4] Ọnụego ya na ọnụ ọgụgụ a dị elu karịa ọtụtụ mba ndị ọzọ dị na Europe, na-egosipụta oke ojiji nke ngagharị na-arụ ọrụ na Netherlands.[4] Otú ọ dị, mgbalị amụma nke Ministry of Industry and Water Management[5] nwere ike iso mee ka ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-anwụ anwụ na-ebelata, bụ nke dara karịa 30% site na 2007 ruo 2016. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Zaken|first=Ministerie van Algemene|date=2017-06-09|title=Safe cycling - Bicycles - Government.nl|url=https://www.government.nl/topics/bicycles/safe-cycling|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=www.government.nl|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":10">[https://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/sites/roadsafety/files/pdf/statistics/dacota/bfs20xx_cyclists.pdf "Traffic Safety Basic Facts 2018: Cyclists" (PDF)]. European Commission. European Road Safety Observatory. 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2020.</ref> === Singapore === Land Transport Authority (LTA) nke Singapore na-achụso ebumnuche ekwupụtara iji gbakwunye usoro njem na "nhọrọ ije na ịnyịnya ígwè".<ref>{{Cite web|title=LTA {{!}} Who We Are|url=https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/ltagov/en/who_we_are.html/#our_work|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=www.lta.gov.sg}}</ref> N'ịgbaso atụmatụ nnwale nke etinyere n'ógbè Tampines, Minista nke Transport gosipụtara atụmatụ ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè nke mba na 2013 iji nye ụzọ iji jikọta ịgba ịnyịnya na usoro Mass Rapid Transit nke Singapore. <ref name=":12">{{Cite journal|author=Meng|first=M.|date=2014-10-01|title=Influences of urban characteristics on cycling: Experiences of four cities|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210670714000481|journal=Sustainable Cities and Society|language=en|volume=13|pages=78–88|doi=10.1016/j.scs.2014.05.001|issn=2210-6707}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=MOT Singapore – Gain new perspectives on land, sea & air transport|url=http://www.mot.gov.sg/About-MOT/Land-Transport/Cycling/|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=www.mot.gov.sg|language=en|archivedate=5 March 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305195350/https://www.mot.gov.sg/About-MOT/Land-Transport/Cycling/}}</ref> Nke a gụnyere ụzọ 190 kilomita, ọtụtụ puku ebe a na-adọba ịnyịnya ígwè, akara, na agụmakwụkwọ ndị na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè. Otú ọ dị, a katọrọ mgbalị ndị a dị ka ndị a kpaara ókè, karịsịa maka igbochi mgbasawanye nke ịnweta ịnyịnya ígwè na njikọ ndị na-abụghị ụzọ, dịka site na Park Connectors Network, karịa ihe ndị ọzọ maka ịgagharị n'obodo ukwu.<ref name=":12" /> === United Kingdom === Association of Directors of Public Health na United Kingdom, nke ihe karịrị otu narị ndị bịanyere aka na ya gụnyere Sustrans na Royal College of Physicians sonyeere na akwụkwọ ọnọdụ na njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike, setịpụrụ ọtụtụ usoro iwu doro anya a tụrụ aro maka atụmatụ mpaghara na ndị isi okporo ụzọ, gụnyere: * Ogologo ọsọ 20 mph (32 km / h) maka ebe obibi.&nbsp;&nbsp; * Okporo ụzọ ịnyịnya ígwè nke na-enye maka njem dị mfe na nke bara uru. * Agụmakwụkwọ nke ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala na mmanye iwu iji melite nchekwa okporo ụzọ. * Mbipụta ebumnuche doro anya maka mgbasawanye nke njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike. <ref>[http://www.adph.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Take_action_on_active_travel_20104.pdf "Take action on active travel" (PDF)]. Association of Directors of Public Health. January 2010. Retrieved 24 July 2020.</ref> ==== England ==== A tọhapụrụ atụmatụ Gọọmentị UK maka njem na England na 2020 ma mara ya dị ka Gear Change. Atụmatụ a bu n'uche ime ka England bụrụ 'mba na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè ukwu'. Atụmatụ ahụ na-ezube ịmepụta ụzọ ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè na ịga ije, iwebata mpaghara ndị ọzọ na-enweghị okporo ụzọ na okporo ụzọ ụlọ akwụkwọ, na-eju anya ịtọ ụkpụrụ dị elu maka akụrụngwa ịgba ịnyịnya. Atụmatụ ahụ na-eso £ 2 ijeri na ego ndị ọzọ n'ime afọ ise sochirinụ maka ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè na ịga ije mara ọkwa na Mee 2020. Atụmatụ ahụ webatara ahụ ọhụrụ na onye nyocha a maara dị ka Active Travel England . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Cycling and walking plan for England|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/cycling-and-walking-plan-for-england|accessdate=2021-07-02|work=GOV.UK|language=en}}</ref> ==== Scotland ==== Iwu Gọọmentị Scotland na-ezube ịbawanye ojiji nke ụzọ njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Scotland maka njem dị mkpirikpi na ime ka njem na-aga n'ihu dị nchebe ma na-agụnye. E bipụtara National Walking Strategy na 2017 ma melite Cycling Action Plan for Scotland (CAPS) na 2017. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Active Travel Framework (1)|url=https://www.transport.gov.scot/publication/active-travel-framework-1/|accessdate=2021-07-02|work=www.transport.gov.scot}}</ref> Òtù na-akwado njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike Cycling UK katọrọ Gọọmentị Scotland maka ịghara ịbawanye ego maka njem na-eme ihe. Mmefu ego Scotland na-ekenye £ 100 nde maka ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè na ịga ije, nke bụ 3.3% nke mmefu ego njem ma ọ bụ ngụkọta nke kilomita atọ nke atụmatụ A9.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Is £500m for cycling and walking in Scotland enough? {{!}} Cycling UK|url=https://www.cyclinguk.org/blog/ps500m-cycling-and-walking-scotland-enough|accessdate=2021-07-02|work=www.cyclinguk.org}}</ref> N'ime ngalaba ọha na eze na Scotland ngalaba njem nwere pasentị kachasị ala nke ụmụ nwanyị na ọkwa ndị dị elu. Naanị 6.25% nke ndị isi ụgbọ njem bụ ụmụ nwanyị.<ref name=":15">{{Cite web|title=Exploring gender and active travel|url=https://www.sustrans.org.uk/our-blog/research/all-themes/all/exploring-gender-and-active-travel|accessdate=2022-02-05|work=Sustrans|language=en}}</ref> ==== Wales ==== Nzọụkwụ ndị ọzọ gụnyere Active Travel (Wales) Act 2013, nke gafere na 2013. Iwu ahụ chọrọ ka ndị ọchịchị mpaghara nọgide na-emeziwanye ihe owuwu na ụzọ maka ndị na-aga ije na ndị na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè na ịkwadebe map na-achọpụta ụzọ dị ugbu a na nke nwere ike ime n'ọdịnihu maka ojiji ha. Ọ chọkwara imeziwanye okporo ụzọ na ọrụ mmepe iji tụlee mkpa nke ndị na-aga ije na ndị na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè n'oge imewe.<ref>{{Cite web|date=18 February 2013|title=Active Travel (Wales) Act 2013 – National Assembly for Wales|url=http://www.senedd.assembly.wales/mgIssueHistoryHome.aspx?IId=5750|accessdate=2 June 2017|work=assembly.wales|archive-date=28 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728035842/http://www.senedd.assembly.wales/mgIssueHistoryHome.aspx?IId=5750|url-status=dead}}</ref> === United States === Ndị bi na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]] na-eji njem dị ka ụzọ njem karịa ndị bi na mba ndị ọzọ.<ref name=":11">{{Cite journal|author=Lee|first=Jae Seung|date=2013-12-01|title=Safely active mobility for urban baby boomers: The role of neighborhood design|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001457513001991|journal=Accident Analysis & Prevention|language=en|volume=61|pages=153–166|doi=10.1016/j.aap.2013.05.008|pmid=23777888|issn=0001-4575}}</ref> Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-anwụ anwụ nke ndị na-aga ije na ndị na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè n'obodo ukwu US ka e depụtara dị ka ihe na-enye aka n'ọnọdụ a.<ref name=":11" /> Mgbalị iji mụbaa ojiji nke ịgagharị agagharị na steeti etiti site na Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Njem nke US, nke na-agbaso mmepe nke ịgagharị na-arụsi ọrụ ike site na Livability Initiative.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Livable and Sustainable Communities {{!}} FTA|url=https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulations-and-guidance/environmental-programs/livable-sustainable-communities/livable-and|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=www.transit.dot.gov|archive-date=2016-11-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161102042843/https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulations-and-guidance/environmental-programs/livable-sustainable-communities/livable-and|url-status=dead}}</ref> Livability Initiative gụnyere ọtụtụ ijeri dollar nke ego site na ọtụtụ mmemme enyemaka, gụnyere Better Utilizing Investments to Leverage Development (BUILD), Infrastructure for Rebuilding America (INFRA), na Transportation Infrastructures Finance and Innovation Act (TIFIA), iji mee ka iwu akụrụngwa na-akwado mmụba nke ndị na-aga ije na ịnyịnya ígwè.<ref>{{Cite web|title=U.S. Department of Transportation Transit, Highway, and Safety Funds - Funding - Bicycle and Pedestrian Program - Environment - FHWA|url=https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/bicycle_pedestrian/funding/funding_opportunities.cfm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018081651/http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/bicycle_pedestrian/funding/funding_opportunities.cfm|archivedate=18 October 2014|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=[[Federal Highway Administration|Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)]]}}</ref> Mmụba ego maka mmemme ndị a, dị ka Fixing America's Surface Transportation (FAST) nke 2015, enwetala nkwado abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Davis|first=Rodney|date=2015-12-04|title=H.R.22 - 114th Congress (2015-2016): FAST Act|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/22|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=www.congress.gov}}</ref> Ọtụtụ obodo dị na United States, gụnyere [[Seattle]], [[Chicago]], Minneapolis, Sacramento, na Houston, etinyela iwu nke ha iji gbaa ndị na-agagharị agagharị maka ịga ọrụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Lee|first=Richard J.|date=2017-03-04|title=Understanding the role of equity in active transportation planning in the United States|journal=Transport Reviews|volume=37|issue=2|pages=211–226|doi=10.1080/01441647.2016.1239660|issn=0144-1647}}</ref> Mgbalị ndị ọzọ dị ukwuu gụnyere mmemme njem zuru ezu (ATPs), dị ka ndị a na-etinye na [[California]], [[Oregon]]" id="mwATU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon, [[Texas]]" id="mwATk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth, Texas, na San Diego County.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Active Transportation Program (ATP) {{!}} Caltrans|url=https://dot.ca.gov/programs/local-assistance/fed-and-state-programs/active-transportation-program|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=dot.ca.gov|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729063813/https://dot.ca.gov/programs/local-assistance/fed-and-state-programs/active-transportation-program|archive-date=2020-07-29|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-07-25|title=Regional Active Transportation Plan|url=https://www.oregonmetro.gov/regional-active-transportation-plan|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=Metro|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Active Transportation Plan {{!}} City of Fort Worth, Texas|url=https://fortworthtexas.gov/atp/|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=fortworthtexas.gov|language=en|archivedate=2020-08-09|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809073723/http://fortworthtexas.gov/atp/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Active Transportation Plan|url=https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/pds/advance/ActiveTransportationPlan.html|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=www.sandiegocounty.gov}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, mgbalị ndị a agbalịwo ịkwalite mgbanwe ndị a na-atụle na pasentị nke ndị njem na-eji ụgbọ njem na-arụ ọrụ: na United States Census Bureau's American Community Survey, 3.4% nke ndị America gbara ịnyịnya ígwè ma ọ bụ na-eje ije ịrụ ọrụ na 2013, naanị 3.1% mere ya na 2018.<ref name=":13">{{Cite web|author=Bureau|first=US Census|title=American Community Survey Data|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/data.html|accessdate=2020-08-04|work=The United States Census Bureau|language=EN-US}}</ref> [[Usòrò:Bike_and_pedestrian_lanes_in_Roger_Williams_Park.jpg|thumb|Ụzọ ịnyịnya ígwè na ndị njem na Roger Williams Park.]] {| class="wikitable" |+Njem na United States <ref name=":13"/> !Afọ !Ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè !Ịga ije !Ngụkọta nke Ọrụ Na-aga |- |2013 |0.614% |2.792% | colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" |3.405% |- |2014 |0.631% |2.754% | colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" |3.385% |- |2015 |0.595% |2.768% | colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" |3.362% |- |2016 |0.573% |2.706% | colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" |3.279% |- |2017 |0.556% |2.639% | colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" |3.195% |- |2018 |0.526% |2.574% | colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" |3.100% |} == Ndị nwere nkwarụ == Ndị nwere nkwarụ na-enwekarị nsogbu na njem karịa ndị na-enweghị nkwarụ.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> Ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ nwere ihe mgbochi ahụike maka njem siri ike. E nwere ụfọdụ ọnọdụ ebe ọ na-agaghị ekwe omume ka mmadụ gaa ije ma ọ bụ gbaa ịnyịnya ígwè, ọbụnakwa ma ọ bụrụ na ewepụ ihe mgbochi anụ ahụ, ọha na eze na ego, ụfọdụ ka ga-achọ ịnweta ụgbọala.<ref name=":14">{{Cite web|title=Pave The Way (streetspace) » Transport for All|url=https://www.transportforall.org.uk/campaigns-and-research/pave-the-way/|accessdate=2021-07-02|work=Transport for All|date=21 January 2021|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ihe mgbochi ozugbo maka ndị nwere nkwarụ na-agagharị n'okporo ụzọ bụ enweghị ike ịbanye n'okpogige, dịka ọmụmaatụ: <ref name=":14"/> * Ihe mgbagwoju anya n'okporo ụzọ, dịka ihe ịrịba ama okporo ụzọ na ebe a na-akwụ ụgwọ ụgbọala eletrik * Okporo ụzọ ndị na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ ndị na-agbago elu * Enweghị okporo ụzọ dara ada na ụzọ a na-emetụ n'ahụMmetụta a na-emetụ n'ahụ * Enweghị ebe ndị mmadụ ga-akwụsị izu ike * Ihe ize ndụ ndị ohere ha na ụgbọala na-akpata Maka ndị chọrọ ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè, ihe mgbochi nwere ike ịgụnye ụzọ ịnyịnya ígwè dị warara, akụrụngwa nke chọrọ ka onye na-agba ịnyịnya ígwè rịtuo, ihe mgide anụ ahụ na enweghị ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala kwesịrị ekwesị.<ref name=":14"/> == Ọdịiche dị n'etiti nwoke na nwanyị == N'obodo na mba ụfọdụ, ụmụ nwanyị na-eduga n'ụzọ mgbe a bịara n'ịga ije. 54% nke njem ndị e ji ụkwụ mee na London bụ ndị inyom na-eme.<ref name=":16">{{Cite web|date=April 2012|title=Understanding the travel needs of London's diverse communities Women|url=https://content.tfl.gov.uk/women.pdf|work=Transport for London|accessdate=2024-10-13|archivedate=2024-12-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203040144/https://content.tfl.gov.uk/women.pdf}}</ref> Dabere na nyocha banyere ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị na njem na-agafe n'ọtụtụ obodo mba ụwa, ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike ịga ije karịa ụmụ nwoke ma nwee ike iji ụgbọ njem ọha na eze.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Oyebode|first=Oyinlola|title=From walking to cycling, how we get around a city is a gender equality issue – new research|url=http://theconversation.com/from-walking-to-cycling-how-we-get-around-a-city-is-a-gender-equality-issue-new-research-175014|accessdate=2022-02-05|work=The Conversation|date=2 February 2022|language=en}}</ref> Ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị na usoro njem na-adabere n'afọ ndụ. Echiche ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke banyere ihe ize ndụ na nchekwa na-enye ahụmịhe njem dị iche.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Haynes|first=Emily|date=2019-12-21|title=Gender and active travel: a qualitative data synthesis informed by machine learning|journal=International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity|volume=16|issue=1|pages=135|doi=10.1186/s12966-019-0904-4|issn=1479-5868|pmid=31864372}}</ref> Nnyocha na-eme ka mkpa ọ dị ụzọ nwoke na nwanyị na-aga ndụ dị mma na iwu njem na-arụsi ọrụ ike na-atụle iji belata ihe ize ndụ okporo ụzọ na ime ihe ike nwoke.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Goel|first=Rahul|date=2022-01-03|title=Gender differences in active travel in major cities across the world|journal=Transportation|volume=50|issue=2|pages=733–749|language=en|doi=10.1007/s11116-021-10259-4|pmid=37035250|issn=1572-9435}}</ref> Ụmụ nwoke nwere ike ịnweta ụgbọ ala nkeonwe karịa ụmụ nwanyị.[1] Nhazi nke na-abara ụgbọ ala uru karịa ụdị njem ndị ọzọ na-abara ụmụ nwoke uru na-enweghị oke.[2] Ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị na-enwekarị usoro njem dị iche iche.[3] Ụmụ nwanyị na-enwekarị ike ịgbụ njem, na ịgbụ njem na-akwado iji ụgbọ ala eme ihe.[4][5] O yikarịrị ka a ga-ejide ụmụ nwanyị site na iburu ụmụaka, ịzụ ahịa ma ọ bụ soro ndị enyi agadi [6] Na UK obere okirikiri ụmụ nwanyị karịa ụmụ nwoke [7] [8] na nchekwa okporo ụzọ na-ezo aka dị ka nchegbu metụtara ịgba ígwè [9] ] na ije ije.[10][11] Otu akụkọ Sustrans na UK chọpụtara enweghị ihe akaebe na ụmụ nwanyị na-ekere òkè n'ịmepụta amụma njem na nhazi.<ref name=":15" /> == Hụkwa == * Ịdabere n'ụgbọala * Bicycle-friendly - Atụmatụ obodo na-ebute ụzọ ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè * Ịgba ígwè * Carfree city - Obodo mepere emepe nke na-enweghị ụgbọala * Health impact of light rail systems - mmetụta dị mma na nke na-adịghị mma dị ka ikuku, mkpọtụ, mmega ahụ, mmetụPeeji na-egosi nkọwa wikidata dị ka ọdịda azụ * Ụgbọ njem nke mmadụ * Ụgbọala nwere injin * Nkọwa nke ịgba ịnyịnya ígwè * Pedestrian village - Atụmatụ obodo maka ebe a na-eji eme ihe dị iche iche na-ebute ndị na-aga ije ụzọ * Street reclamation - Ịgbanwe okporo ámá iji lekwasị anya n'iji ụgbọala eme ihe * Mgbasawanye obodo == Ebem si dee == {{Reflist}} [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] 4gpdd5un2sfm3xfxbioxgcfwsmgfgod 0 53845 729915 207108 2026-10-02T01:39:42Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729915 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Alexandra D. Korry|image=|caption=|birth_date={{birth date|1959|3|11|df=yes}}|death_date={{death date and age|2020|9|29|1959|3|11}}|birth_place=[[London]], UK|death_place=[[Westport, Connecticut]], US|nationality=American|occupation=Lawyer, civil rights advocate, educator}} Alexandra D. Korry (March 11, 1959 - Septemba 29, 2020) bụ onye ọka iwu jikọrọ ọnụ na nnata America, onye na-akwado ikike obodo na onye nkuzi.>{{Cite news|author=Roberts|first=Sam|date=2020-10-22|title=Alexandra Korry, 61, Dies; Pushed to End Solitary for Juveniles|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/nyregion/alexandra-korry-dead.html|accessdate=2023-05-26}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-30|title=Alexandra Korry 1959-2020|url=https://www.lawdragon.com/news-features/2020-09-30-alexandra-korry-1959-2020|accessdate=2023-05-26|work=Lawdragon|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Alexandra Korry '86|url=https://law.duke.edu/news/alexandra-korry-86/|accessdate=2023-05-26|work=Duke University School of Law|language=en}}</ref> == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Korry na London, England, nye Edward na Patricia Korry. Nna ya, Edward Korry, bụ onye nta akụkọ nke mechara bụrụ onye nnọchi anya US na Etiopia na Chile, [1] ebe ọ nọrọ na nwata.[2] Nne ya Patricia Korry bụ nwa nwa Nathan L. Miller bụ Gọvanọ nke New York. <{{Cite web|title=Alexandra D. Korry|url=https://www.wlrk.com/files/Alexandra_Davern_Korry_Obituaries_Tributes_and_Recent_Articles.PDF}}</ref> Korry nwetara nzere bachelọ ya na 1979 na Mahadum Harvard. Mgbe ọ nọ na Harvard, ọ ghọrọ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nwanyị nke abụọ nke Harvard Crimson.[1] [2] N'afọ 1980, ọ natara akara ugo mmụta nna ya ukwu na mmekọrịta mba ụwa na London School of Economics; Mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ obere oge dị ka onye nta akụkọ na Newsweek na Washington Post, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Schoollọ Akwụkwọ Iwu Mahadum Duke na 1986. <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Roberts|first=Sam|date=2020-10-22|title=Alexandra Korry, 61, Dies; Pushed to End Solitary for Juveniles|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/nyregion/alexandra-korry-dead.html|accessdate=2023-05-26}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFRoberts2020">Roberts, Sam (2020-10-22). [https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/22/nyregion/alexandra-korry-dead.html "Alexandra Korry, 61, Dies; Pushed to End Solitary for Juveniles"]. ''The New York Times''. [[ISSN (ihe njirimara)|ISSN]]&nbsp;[https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-26</span></span>.</cite></ref> == Ọrụ == Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi nke Kọmitii ndụmọdụ nke New York State na United States Commission on Civil Rights . <ref>{{Cite web|first=Sam|author=Roberts|title=Korry, who denounced solitary for juveniles, dies|url=https://www.avpress.com/news/newsline/korry-who-denounced-solitary-for-juveniles-dies/article_59761162-1664-11eb-bd88-4f38737cbcf3.html|date=2020-10-25|accessdate=2023-05-26|work=Antelope Valley Press|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526220039/https://www.avpress.com/news/newsline/korry-who-denounced-solitary-for-juveniles-dies/article_59761162-1664-11eb-bd88-4f38737cbcf3.html|archive-date=2023-05-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> O duziri Kọmitii ahụ ibipụta akụkọ nwere mmetụta na ikpe ziri ezi nke agụmakwụkwọ, ịnọ naanị ya, na ịza ajụjụ ndị uwe ojii. Akụkọ ya wepụtara na Disemba 2014 nyeere aka ịkwụsị ịnọ naanị ụmụaka na New York.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=The Solitary Confinement of Youth in New York: a Civil Rights Violation|author=New York Advisory Committee to The U.S. Commission on Civil Rights|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/boc/downloads/pdf/NYSAC%20to%20U.S.%20Commission%20on%20Civil%20Rights.pdf|date=December 2014}}</ref> Korry bụ onye isi oche nke Kọmitii New York City Bar Association na Mmekọrịta, Nchịkọta na Nchịkwa Nchịkwa Mmekọrịta ma jee ozi na Board of Visitors na Duke Law School {{Cite web|title=Alexandra Korry '86|url=https://law.duke.edu/news/alexandra-korry-86/|accessdate=2023-05-26|work=Duke University School of Law|language=en}}</ref> na Dean's Advisory Council na Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study na Harvard . <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Alexandra D. Korry|url=https://www.wlrk.com/files/Alexandra_Davern_Korry_Obituaries_Tributes_and_Recent_Articles.PDF}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.wlrk.com/files/Alexandra_Davern_Korry_Obituaries_Tributes_and_Recent_Articles.PDF "Alexandra D. Korry"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ bụkwa onye isi oche nke Harlem Educational Activities Fund, mmemme mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ gachara maka ndị ntorobịa na-enweghị ọrụ na New York.<ref name=":1" /> Korry bụ onye nkuzi oge niile na njikọta na nnweta na Columbia Law School dị ka onye nkuzi nkuzi. <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Alexandra Korry '86|url=https://law.duke.edu/news/alexandra-korry-86/|accessdate=2023-05-26|work=Duke University School of Law|language=en}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://law.duke.edu/news/alexandra-korry-86/ "Alexandra Korry '86"]. ''Duke University School of Law''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-05-26</span></span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Alexandra D. Korry {{!}} CLS Blue Sky Blog|url=https://clsbluesky.law.columbia.edu/author/alexandra-d-korry/|accessdate=2023-05-26|language=en-US}}</ref> N'afọ 2021, ụlọ akwụkwọ Harlem Educational Activities Fund (HEAF) na Duke Law School guzobere agụmakwụkwọ iji kwanyere onyinye ya ùgwù.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Alexandra Korry Scholarship|url=https://heaf.org/opportunities-for-heaf-students/alexandra-korry-scholarship/|accessdate=2023-05-26|work=HEAF|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Public Interest Funding|url=https://law.duke.edu/publicinterest/summerfunding|accessdate=2023-05-26|work=law.duke.edu|language=en}}</ref> A na-enye ụmụ akwụkwọ asatọ mmemme Duke Korry Fellows kwa afọ, iji nyere ha aka ịchụso ọrụ ikike obodo, iji kwado ọrụ pụrụ iche nke Alexandra Korry na onyinye ya iji kwụsị njide ụmụaka.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Duke|title=Duke Law Website|url=https://law.duke.edu/publicinterest/careers|work=Duke Law Civilr Rights Fellows}}</ref> == Ndụ onwe onye == Korry lụrụ Robin Panovka, onye mmekọ njikọta na nnweta na Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen &amp;amp; Katz, ma nwee ụmụ nwanyị abụọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sullivan & Cromwell M&A Partner Korry Dies of Cancer at 61|url=https://www.law.com/americanlawyer/2020/10/14/sullivan-cromwell-ma-partner-korry-dies-of-cancer-at-61/|accessdate=2023-05-26|work=The American Lawyer|language=en}}</ref> Korry nwụrụ na Septemba 29, 2020, n'ụlọ ya na Westport, Connecticut, n'ihi Ọrịa kansa ovarian. <ref name=":0"/> == Ihe odide == kmjd7kemzn6764tw6chmxafopll92tn 0 54636 729930 656606 2026-10-02T04:07:48Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729930 wikitext text/x-wiki Andisiwe “Gudluza” Mgcoyi (amụrụ 16 June 1988) bụ [[Footbọl|onye egwuregwu bọọlụ]] South Africa na onye nkuzi na-egwu egwu dị ka onye na-aga n'ihu maka ọgbakọ SAFA Women’s League Mamelodi Sundowns na otu mba ụmụ nwanyị South Africa.[1] Ọ nọchitere anya otu egwuregwu bọọlụ mba ụmụ nwanyị South Africa na asọmpi [[London]] 2012. <ref>{{Cite web|title=thefinalball.com :: Teams|url=https://www.thefinalball.com/equipa.php?id=71420&edicao_id=23944|accessdate=2018-06-04|work=www.thefinalball.com|language=en}}</ref> == Ọrụ klọb == === Mamelodi Sundowns Nwanyị === Mgcoyi gbara bọọlụ maka Mamelodi Sundowns na Sasol League n'afọ 2012. === Nové Zámky === Na 2013, ọ sonyeere ndị otu Slovak Women's First League Nové Zámky n'oge oge 2012/2013 wee bụrụ ihe na-emetụ n'ahụ n'abalị, na-ebute ihe mgbaru ọsọ 13 n'ime egwuregwu 10 iji gwụchaa dị ka onye mgbaru ọsọ nke abụọ kachasị elu nke klọb yana na-enyere klọb ahụ aka imeri nke mbụ ụmụ nwanyị Slovak. Aha Njikọ mbụ. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://m.allafrica.com/stories/201306211327.html/?maneref%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fsearch%3Fhl%3Den%26ie%3DISO-8859-1%26q%3Dandisiwe%2Bmgcoyi|title=South Africa: Andisiwe Mgcoyi Making an Impression in Slovakian Women's League - m.allAfrica.com|accessdate=2014-08-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812205430/http://m.allafrica.com/stories/201306211327.html/?maneref=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fsearch%3Fhl%3Den&ie=ISO-8859-1&q=andisiwe+mgcoyi|archivedate=2014-08-12}}</ref> Ọ nọchitekwara anya klọb ya na UEFA Women's Champions League qualifying round ma ka ọ na-erule 12 Ọgọst 2013 o nwere 1 goolu na egwuregwu 3.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/season=2014/clubs/player=250062754/index.html|title=Andisiwe Mgcoyi - - UWCL}}</ref> Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Nové Zámky, Mgcoyi nwere oge na ndị otu Hungary bụ Dorogi Diófa, laghachi na Mamelodi Sundowns, na mgbazinye ego na German 1. FC Saarbrücken <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.kickoff.com/news/53192/banyana-striker-andisiwe-mgcoyi-moves-to-hungary|title=Banyana striker Andisiwe Mgcoyi moves to Hungary|author=www.realnet.co.uk|work=Kick Off|accessdate=2018-06-03|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://citizen.co.za/phakaaathi/phakaaathi-news/1429851/mgcoyi-to-pave-the-way-for-sa-player-in-europe/|title=Mgcoyi to pave the way for SA player in Europe|author=Reporter|first=Phakaaathi|work=The Citizen|accessdate=2018-06-03|language=en}}</ref> === KF Apolonia === N'afọ 2019, ọ gbara bọọlụ maka otu KF Apolonia Fier nke mba Albania n'oge oge 2019/20 mgbe otu ahụ mechara nke abụọ na league ha. Mgcoyi gbara goolu iri na asaa n'egwuregwu asatọ maka klọb ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-04|title=Banyana's Andisiwe Mgcoyi and Zanale Nhlapo sign for Mitrovica {{!}} Goal.com South Africa|url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/news/banyanas-andisiwe-mgcoyi-and-zanale-nhlapo-sign-for-mitrovica/9f4jcy6mns1o10fjx6oxvx2ll|accessdate=2023-12-22|work=www.goal.com|language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Mamelodi Sundowns Nwanyị === N'afọ 2020, ọ sonyeere otu SAFA Women's League Mamelodi Sundowns ma bụrụ otu n'ime ndị otu meriri 2021 Cosafa Women's Champions League, 2021 CAF Women's Championship League, na 2021 Hollywoodbets Super League na 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sundowns Ladies crowned inaugural Caf Women’s Champions League winners|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2021-11-19-sundowns-ladies-crowned-inaugural-caf-womens-champions-league-winners/|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=TimesLIVE|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye na-agba goolu kachasị elu maka 2021 Hollywoodbets Super League na goolu iri abụọ na asaa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sundowns Ladies win big at inaugural Hollywoodbets Super League awards|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/sport/soccer/2022-03-27-sundowns-ladies-win-big-at-inaugural-hollywoodbets-super-league-awards/|accessdate=2023-12-22|work=TimesLIVE|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Sundowns bụ ndị na-esote maka 2022 Cosafa Women's Champions League na 2022 CAF Women's Championship League na 2022. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-11-13|title=AS FAR stun nine-woman Mamelodi Sundowns to clinch 2022 Caf Women's Champions League title {{!}} Goal.com South Africa|url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/news/as-far-stun-nine-woman-mamelodi-sundowns-to-clinch-2022-caf-women-s-champions-league-title/bltc72e136a7b1c7999|accessdate=2023-11-10|work=www.goal.com|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Ha meriri n'asọmpi Hollywoodbets Super League nke afọ 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-12-04|title=Sundowns Ladies dominate the 2022 Hollywoodbets Super League Awards - SAFA.net|url=https://www.safa.net/2022/12/04/sundowns-ladies-dominate-the-2022-hollywoodbets-super-league-awards/|accessdate=2023-12-22|language=en-US|archivedate=2024-05-18|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518160906/https://www.safa.net/2022/12/04/sundowns-ladies-dominate-the-2022-hollywoodbets-super-league-awards/}}</ref> Klọb ahụ meriri na 2023 Cosafa Women's Champions League, 2023 CAF Women's Champion League, na 2023 Hollywoodbets Super League na 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Kganyago|first=Lethabo|date=2023-09-08|title=Sundowns Win COSAFA Final, Book CAFWCL Spot|url=https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/caf-champions-league/sundowns-off-ivory-coast-to-represent-cosafa/|accessdate=2023-12-19|work=iDiski Times|language=en-US|archivedate=2024-05-30|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530011717/https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/caf-champions-league/sundowns-off-ivory-coast-to-represent-cosafa/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Kganyago|first=Lethabo|date=2023-12-06|title=Sundowns Secure Third HSL Title|url=https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/super-league/sundowns-secure-third-hsl-title/|accessdate=2023-12-19|work=iDiski Times|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-12-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231219223021/https://www.idiskitimes.co.za/super-league/sundowns-secure-third-hsl-title/}}</ref> == Ọrụ mba ụwa == Mgcoyi nyekwara aka na mbọ South Africa na-agba iji merie asọmpi asọmpi ụmụ nwanyị nke Afrịka nke afọ 2012 mgbe ọ nwetasịrị ndị na-esote ya na 2006 na 2008. Ọ bụ onye na-ebute ụzọ n'òtù ahụ ka ọ na-agba okpu megide [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|DR Congo]] na-emeri 4-1 mana ndị otu ahụ meriri [[Equatorial Guinea]] na nke ikpeazụ.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.sowetanlive.co.za/sport/2012/11/05/title-is-in-reach-says-banyana-coach|title=Title is in reach, says Banyana coach|accessdate=2018-06-03|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kickoff.com/mobile/news/31176/banyana-hat-trick-hero-andisiwe-mgcoyi-is-confident-that-they-can-beat-nigeria|title=Banyana hat-trick hero Andisiwe Mgcoyi is confident that they can beat Nigeria|author=www.realnet.co.uk|work=Kick Off|language=en-gb|accessdate=2018-06-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217143729/http://www.kickoff.com/mobile/news/31176/banyana-hat-trick-hero-andisiwe-mgcoyi-is-confident-that-they-can-beat-nigeria|archivedate=2017-02-17}}</ref> == Ọrụ njikwa == Ọ bụ onye nkuzi nke Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies U/16 ugbu a.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-10-26|title=Downs Ladies lining up next generation {{!}} soccer|url=https://www.sabcsport.com/soccer/news/downs-ladies-lining-up-next-generation|accessdate=2023-12-19|work=SABC|language=en}}</ref> Na Gauteng Women's Development League nke mbụ, otu ya meriri league ahụ n'enweghị mmeri.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Inqaku|title=League - Gauteng Women's Development League GWDL {{!}} Inqaku|url=https://inqaku.com/leagues/view?season_id=9331&stream_id=11529|accessdate=2024-04-04|work=inqaku.com}}</ref> N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2024, a kpọrọ ya onye nkuzi nke asọmpi ahụ na Engen Knockout Challenge mgbe ndị otu ya meriri n'asọmpi mbụ ha.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Gcwabe|first=Ongama|date=2024-07-08|title=SuperSport Schools Plus {{!}} Kaizer Chiefs and Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies lift Engen Knockout Challenge titles|url=https://ssschoolsplus.co.za/kaizer-chiefs-and-mamelodi-sundowns-ladies-lift-engen-knockout-challenge-titles/|accessdate=2024-07-08|work=SuperSport Schools Plus|language=en-ZA|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240708194807/https://ssschoolsplus.co.za/kaizer-chiefs-and-mamelodi-sundowns-ladies-lift-engen-knockout-challenge-titles/|archive-date=2024-07-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> '''Mamelodi Sundowns Ladies Academy''' * Gauteng Women's Development League: 2023 * Ihe ịma aka nke Engen Knockout: 2024 * 2021 Hollywoodbets Super League kacha gbaa goolu iri abụọ na asaa * Engen Knockout Challenge: Onye nkuzi nke asọmpi ahụ: 2024 == Ihe odide == [[Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations]] gv0qw1lwxlz0hdcfq01g36yzp4mnxb4 0 56396 729937 202457 2026-10-02T07:23:15Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729937 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}  '''Asụsụ Bouyei''' ( autonym : '''Haausqyaix''', sụgharịkwara ''Buyi'', ''Buyei'' ma ọ bụ ''Puyi'' ; <ref name="Ethnologue">{{Cite web|title=Bouyei|url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=pcc|work=Ethnologue|language=en}}</ref> Chinese ; Vietnamese ma ọ bụ {{Lang|vi|tiếng Giáy}} ) bụ asụsụ ndị agbụrụ Bouyei <ref>{{Cite web|title=Buyei Ethnic Group|url=http://www.travel-china.net/buyi-nationality.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724112501/http://www.travel-china.net/buyi-nationality.html|archivedate=2011-07-24|work=Unique China Tours}}</ref> nke Southern Guizhou Province, China na-asụ. Ekewapụtara dị ka onye otu Northern Tai na ngalaba asụsụ Tai nke ezinụlọ asụsụ Tai–Kadai, asụsụ ahụ nwere ihe karịrị nde mmadụ 2.5 ma ndị Giay na-ejikwa ya ( Vietnamese ) n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke Vietnam . Enwere ndị na-asụ asụsụ obodo bi na [[France]] na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]], ndị si China ma ọ bụ Vietnam kwaga. Ihe dị ka 98% nke ndị na-asụ asụsụ obodo nọ na China. <ref name="Ethnologue" /> Àgwà Bouyei yiri ndị ọzọ so na ngalaba asụsụ ya. Ọ bụ n'ozuzu monosyllabic na usoro okwu na irighiri ihe bụ isi ụdị nke ụtọ asụsụ . Mkpọmkpọ okwu Bouyei dakọtara na asụsụ Northern Tai ndị ọzọ, na-eme ka ọ dị mfe na ijikọ ọnụ. Enwere ike igosi ahịrịokwu Bouyei nwere ọtụtụ ọkwa dị iche iche nke akpaokwu. E mepụtara edemede Bouyei nke oge a ka ahapụchara amụma Alliance Script Bouyei-Zhuang na 1981 wee chepụta ya site na 1981 ruo 1985. Ọ na-elekwasị anya na onye nnọchi anya ụda olu wee were olumba mpaghara Wangmo dị ka ntọala ya. == Nkesa == === China === Dika nyocha nke 1950 nke gọọmentị China mere, enwere ike kewaa asụsụ Bouyei dịka a na-asụ na Guizhou n'otu olumba atọ (Snyder 2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20210614175943/http://img.siaoyin.com/p3-bk.byteimg.com/tos-cn-i-mlhdmxsy5m/070b354337ac446494d6b55092751409~tplv-mlhdmxsy5m-q75:0:0.image] # '''Ndịda Guizhou (Qian) otu''' - nke kachasị n'ime atọ - sitere na Qianxinan Bouyei na Miao Autonomous Prefecture, bụ nke kacha nwee nghọta na asụsụ Guibian na Guibei Zhuang . A na-asụ asụsụ obodo a na mpaghara Wangmo, Ceheng, Luodian, Dushan, Libo, Duyun, Pingtang, Zhenfeng, Anlong, Xingren na Xinyi . # '''Otu Central Guizhou (Qian)''' - nke na-esote nke a na-ekwu maka atọ - nke na-agbasa na Qiannan Buyei na Miao Autonomous Prefecture na mpaghara Guiyang, ma na-aghọta nke ọma na asụsụ ndịda Guizhou (ọ dị nnọọ ka asụsụ Zhuang nke ugwu Guangxi ). A na-asụ asụsụ obodo a na mpaghara Longli, Nduzi, Qingzhen, Pingba, Kaiyang, Guiyang, na Anshun . # '''Olumba Western Guizhou (Qian)''' - nke kacha nta a na-ekwu na atọ - nke a na-asụ na mpaghara Zhenning, Guanling, Ziyun, Qinglong, Pu'an, Liuzhi, Panxian, Shuicheng, Bijie, na Weining . Olumba ndị ọdịda anyanwụ na-egosi njirimara pụrụ iche karịa otu abụọ ndị ọzọ. Ụfọdụ olumba ọdịda anyanwụ echerela nkwụsị, nke bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'asụsụ Tai ugwu (Snyder 2008). Wu, Snyder, & Liang (2007) bụ nyocha Bouyei kachasị zuru oke ruo taa, ma kpuchie isi data ndị a. ; Qiannan Bouyei na Miao Autonomous Prefecture * Guyang, Mpaghara Changhun ({{Lang|zh-Hans|[[:zh:鼓扬镇|鼓扬镇]]}}) * Nanzhai, Dushan County ({{Lang|zh-Hans|难寨村}}) * Jichang, Dushan County ({{Lang|zh-Hans|[[:zh:基长镇|基长镇]]}}) * Fuxi, Duyun County ({{Lang|zh|富溪村}}) * Obodo Gonggu, Mpaghara Nduzi ({{Lang|zh-Hans|[[:zh:巩固乡|巩固乡]]}}), ugbu a jikọtara * Danggu, Mpaghara Huishui ({{Lang|zh|党古村}}) * Fucun, Ógbè Libo ({{Lang|zh|福村}}) * Yangchang, Longli County ({{Lang|zh-Hans|[[:zh:湾滩河镇|羊场镇]]}}) * Luokun, Mpaghara Luodian ({{Lang|zh-Hans|罗甸县罗悃}}) * Poqiu, Mpaghara Luodian ({{Lang|zh-Hans|罗甸县坡球}}) * Obodo Xiliang, Pingtang County ({{Lang|zh-Hans|[[:zh:西凉乡|西凉乡]]}}), ugbu a jikọtara * Obodo Zhangbu, Pingtang County ({{Lang|zh-Hans|[[:zh:掌布镇|掌布乡]]}}) ; Qianxinan Bouyei na Miao Autonomous Prefecture * Obodo Pingle, Anlong County ({{Lang|zh-Hans|[[:zh:平乐乡 (安龙县)|平乐乡]]}}), ugbu a jikọtara * Huarong, Obodo Cheng (册亨县{{Lang|zh-Hans|册亨县花冗}}) * Zitang, Qinglong County ({{Lang|zh|紫塘村}}) * Fuxing, Wangmo County ({{Lang|zh-Hans|[[:zh:平洞街道|复兴镇]]}}) * Bajie, Mpaghara Xingyi ({{Lang|zh-Hans|[[:zh:南盘江镇|巴结镇]]}}) * Mingu, Mpaghara Zhenfeng ({{Lang|zh-Hans|[[:zh:珉谷镇|珉谷镇]]}}) ; Obodo Anshun * Huangla Buyei na Miao {{Lang|zh-Hans|[[:zh:黄腊布依族苗族乡|黄腊布依族苗族乡]]}}布依族苗族乡) * Banle, Ógbè Zhenning ({{Lang|zh-Hans|镇宁县板乐}}) * Shitouzhai, Mpaghara Zhenning ({{Lang|zh-Hans|镇宁县石头寨}} ) * Obodo Huohua, Mpaghara Ziyun ({{Lang|zh-Hans|[[:zh:火花镇|火花乡]]}}) * Nonghe, Mpaghara Ziyun ({{Lang|zh|弄河村}}) * Fa'er Buyei, Miao, {{Lang|zh-Hans|[[:zh:发耳镇|发耳布依族苗族彝族乡]]}}, Shuicheng County (发耳布依族苗族彝族乡) Ụdị Yei Zhuang dị na mpaghara Wenshan, Yunnan nwere njikọ chiri anya na ụdị Bouyei nke Guizhou . Ọtụtụ asụsụ ndị ọzọ na mpụga China nwere aha "Yei", "Yay", "Yoy", nwekwara njikọ chiri anya. === Vietnam === A na-asụkwa Bouyei na ugwu Vietnam site n'ọtụtụ otu, ndị Bouyei nke Muong Khuong District nke Lao Cai Province na Quan Ba District nke Ha Giang Province na Giáy . Edmondson na Gregerson (2001) ekpebiela na asụsụ ha ga-adị ka asụsụ Bouyei nke ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Guizhou. Ndị Giáy bụ otu ndị ama ama na Vietnam bụ ndị ruru ugbu a ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 50,000. Ụfọdụ ndebanye aha ezinụlọ nke Giáy nke Vietnam na-egosi na ndị nna nna ha hapụrụ Guizhou afọ 160 gara aga n'oge usoro ndị eze Qing, ma gaa n'elu ala gaa na ndịda Yunnan na Vietnam (Edmondson & Gregerson 2001). Nke a dakọtara na nnupụisi Miao (1854–73) nke Guizhou. A na-ahụ Giáy n'ebe ndị a na Vietnam. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Edmondson|first=J. A.|title=Papers from the Sixth Annual Meeting of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society|publisher=Arizona State University, Program for Southeast Asian Studies|year=2001|editor=Adams|location=Tempe, Arizona|pages=101–133|chapter=Four Languages of the Vietnam-China Borderlands}}</ref> * Mpaghara Lao Cai ** Tả Van Village dị nso na Sa Pa ** Mpaghara Bát Xát ** Mường Khương District ** Bảo Yên District * Hà Giang Province ** Mpaghara Yên Minh ** Đồng Văn District * Lai Châu Province ** Mường Tè District ** Mpaghara Phong Thổ * Cao Bằng Province ** Bảo Lạc District Ụfọdụ Giày dị na Yên Bái Province . Ndị Giáy nke Mường Khương District nke Lào Cai ndị na-akpọ onwe ha '''Tu Dí''' [ ''thu zi'' ] nwere ike na-asụ naanị ụdị Chinese, ọ nweghị Giáy. Aha aha ha sitere na ebe nna nna ha, nke bụ Duyun nke mpaghara Guizhou, China. Dịka ndekọ ụlọ ha siri dị, ha erutela na mpaghara Maguan na Honghe Prefecture ihe dị ka afọ 200 gara aga. N'otu aka ahụ, ụfọdụ Giáy nke Vietnam na-akọ na ha nwere ndị ikwu ka bi na Hekou, mpaghara Yunnan, China (Edmondson & Gregerson 2001). Ndị '''Pu Nả''' nke Tam Đường District, Lai Châu Province, Vietnam na-akpọ onwe ha ''Vần Nả'' ( ''nke'' pụtara 'ndị mmadụ'), na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ihe dị ka mmadụ 5,000 (Lò 2012: 11-20). <ref>{{Cite book|author=Lò|first=Văn Chiến|title=Dân ca người Pu Nả ở Lai Châu|date=2012|publisher=Nhà xuá̂t bản Văn hóa dân tộc|isbn=978-604-70-0107-1|location=Hà Nội|language=vi}}</ref> A na-akpọkwa ha ''Quý Châu'' ( ''Guizhou''{{Lang|zh-Hans|贵州}}), ''Sa Quý Châu'', ''Củi Chu'', ''Pu Y'', ma ọ bụ ''Pâu Thin'' . Ndị Pu Nả bi na obodo nta ndị a nke Tam Đường District (Lò 2012:18). * Bản Giang ** nke Coc Pa ** nke Giang ** bản Na Bỏ ** bản Nà Sài ** bản Na Cơ ** bản Tẩn Phủ Nhiêu * Mgbe ahụ Xin communi ** bản Lở Thàng ** Mgbe ahụ Xin * Obodo San Thàng ** bản Tả Xin Chải ** Xéo Xin Chải ** Phan Lỉn Asụsụ '''Yay''' nke William J. Gedney kọwara bụ n'ezie olumba Giáy nke Mường Hum, Bát Xát District, Lào Cai (Edmondson & Gregerson 2001). E nwekwara asụsụ ndị ọzọ metụtara Northern Tai a na-asụ na Vietnam, dị ka Bố Y, Nhang, na Quy Châu (ikekwe na Tai Mène nke Laos nwere njikọ chiri anya). Ndị Bố Y sitere na gburugburu Wangmo County na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Guizhou. Ụfọdụ obere obere Bố Y na-akpọ onwe ha ''Pu Na'' ma ọ bụ ''Pu Thin'', nke pụtara 'ndị mmadụ na paddy field'. Ọgwụgwụ ⟨ -er ⟩ {{IPA|/ɚ/}}, ⟨ -ao ⟩ {{IPA|/au/}}, ⟨ - ị ⟩ {{IPA|/əu/}}, ⟨ -ia ⟩ {{IPA|/ia/}}, ⟨ -io ⟩ {{IPA|/io/}}, ⟨ -iao ⟩ {{IPA|/iɐu/}}, ⟨ -ua ⟩ {{IPA|/ua/}}, ⟨ -uai ⟩ {{IPA|/uɐi/}}, na ⟨ -ui ⟩ {{IPA|/ui/}} a na-eji ede okwu mbinye ego ndị China. Udaume {{IPA|/i u/}} nwekwara ike inwe allophones nke {{IPA|[ɪ ʊ]}} . Ụda ụdaume ọzọ {{IPA|[æ]}} nwere ike ime na ụda olu n'asụsụ Anshun, Qinglong, Shuicheng, Zhenning na Ziyun. === Ụda === Bouyei nwere ụda isii, kwekọrọ na <nowiki><i id="mwA5k">sheng</i></nowiki> asatọ nke Middle Chinese : isii niile na mkpụrụedemede mepere emepe ma ọ bụ jiri nke ikpeazụ {{IPA|/n/}} ma ọ bụ {{IPA|/ŋ/}}, belata ka ọ bụrụ ụda "itinye" abụọ nwere nkwụsị ikpeazụ . {| class="wikitable" !# ! Aha ! Contour ! Akwụkwọ ozi akara ! Ụda Mandarin Southwest kwekọrọ ! leta akara okwu ego |- | 1 | Ọkwa gbara ọchịchịrị | {{IPA|˨˦}} | l | Ịpụ | q |- | 2 | Ọkwa ọkụ | {{IPA|˩}} | z | colspan="2" | |- | 3 | Ọchịchịrị na-ebili | {{IPA|˥˧}} | c | Na-ebili | j |- | 4 | Ìhè na-ebili | {{IPA|˧˩}} | x | Ọkwa ọkụ | f |- | 5 | Ọchịchị gbara ọchịchịrị | {{IPA|˧˥}} | s | colspan="2" | |- | 6 | Ìhè na-apụ | {{IPA|˧}} | h | Ọkwa gbara ọchịchịrị | y |- | 7 | Ịbanye ọchịchịrị | {{IPA|˧˥}} | t | colspan="2," rowspan="2" | |- | 8 | Ìhè na-abanye | {{IPA|˧}} | onweghi |} A na-edobe mkpụrụedemede akara na ngwụcha nkeji okwu iji gosi ụda. Ederede akara mkpụrụedemede y, f, j na q dakọtara na ụda Mandarin 1, 2, 3, na 4 n'otu n'otu. === Mgbanwe ụda olu === Bouyei na-egosi nkwusa okwu nke Proto-Tai–Kadai consonants ( {{IPA|*b}} → {{IPA|/p/}}, {{IPA|*d}} → {{IPA|/t/}}, {{IPA|*ɡ}} → {{IPA|/k/}} ), na enweghị ọchịchọ . {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |Proto-Tai-Kadai | {{IPA|*ˀn}}, {{IPA|*n̥}} | {{IPA|*t}} | {{IPA|*ˀd}} | {{IPA|*dʱ}}, {{IPA|*d}} | {{IPA|*n}} |- | Bouyei | style="background:grey" | {{IPA|n}} | style="background:grey" | {{IPA|t}} | {{IPA|ɗ}} | style="background:pink" | {{IPA|t}} | style="background:pink" | {{IPA|n}} |} {| | style="background:grey" |Ụda gbara ọchịchịrị | style="background:pink" | Ụda dị nro |} Ụda Proto-Tai–Kadai nwetara nkewa n'ime Bouyei ọgbara ọhụrụ, nke egosiri na tebụl na-esote. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |Proto-Tai-Kadai | {{IPA|*ˀn}}, {{IPA|*n̥}} | {{IPA|*t}} | {{IPA|*ˀd}} | {{IPA|*dʱ}}, {{IPA|*d}} | {{IPA|*n}} |- | Ụda Ọkwa PTK | colspan="3" | Ọkwa gbara ọchịchịrị | colspan="2" | Ọkwa ọkụ |- | PTK na-ebili ụda | colspan="2" | Ọchịchịrị na-ebili | colspan="3" | Ìhè na-ebili |- | PTK ụda ọpụpụ | colspan="3" | Ọchịchị gbara ọchịchịrị | colspan="2" | Ìhè na-apụ |- | PTK na-abanye ụda | colspan="3" | Ịbanye ọchịchịrị | colspan="2" | Ìhè na-abanye |} == Ederede == === Edemede Bouyei ochie === Emebere ihe odide Bouyei oge ochie site n'ịgbaziri ihe sitere na mkpụrụedemede China ma ọ bụ site n'iṅomi ụdị ha, ọ dịkwa ka Sawndip . Ihe ndị anakọtara bụ akwụkwọ ndị Shaman nke ndị nna nna Buyi, bụ ndị e ji ahọrọ ụbọchị dị mma, ọnụọgụ na ntụzịaka, na ịgba afa. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Zhou|first=Guomao 周国茂|date=2013|title=Bùyīzú chuántǒng zéjí shū gǔwénzì: Gǔ Luò Yuè wénzì de huó biāoběn|url=http://www.cqvip.com/qk/81088x/201306/45958210.html|journal=Guìzhōu shèhuì kēxué|language=zh|volume=2013|issue=6|pages=146–149}}</ref> Akwụkwọ nsọ ahụ ewepụtakwara [[Nuo folk religion books|akwụkwọ Nuo]] na akwụkwọ edemede. A na-ekesa script Nuo n'etiti ndị Buyi na mpaghara Libo kemgbe ihe karịrị otu puku afọ iji too ịdị mma, katọọ ajọọ mmadụ, ịkwado ịdị n'otu, na ịkwalite eziokwu, obiọma na ịma mma; na ndị a aghọwo ụkpụrụ omume n'etiti ndị Buyi mpaghara. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Zhongguo minzu bao|date=2017-11-23|title=Bùyīzú gǔwénzì: Rúhé bìmiǎn "Tiānshū" èyùn?|url=http://www.minzunet.cn/eportal/ui?pageId=663068&articleKey=679246&columnId=726788|work=Zhōngguó mínzú wénhuà zīyuán kù|language=zh|access-date=2025-03-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011025342/http://www.minzunet.cn/eportal/ui?pageId=663068&articleKey=679246&columnId=726788|archive-date=2020-10-11|url-status=dead}}</ref> Egwu egwu ''Wang Yulian'' bụ ọrụ agụmagụ nke ekwenyere na ọ bụ ịkọgharị akụkọ China n'asụsụ Buyei. Akwụkwọ ntuziaka ya na-ewu ewu na Zhexiang Township, Wangmo County na Buyei na Miao Autonomous Prefecture na Southwest Guizhou. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Huang|first=Zhenbang 黄镇邦|date=2013|title=Bùyīzú "Gǎi Hàn zuò Yí" chūzhōng jí qí jiàzhí – Yǐ gūběn "Wáng Yùlián" wéi lì|url=http://www.cqvip.com/qk/81411x/201303/46794623.html|journal=Guìzhōu wénshǐ cóngkān|language=zh|volume=2013|issue=3|pages=119–124}}</ref> === Bouyei ochie nke oge a === Na Nọvemba 1956, e nwere ọgbakọ sayensị na Guiyang iji kparịta imepụta na mmejuputa mkpụrụedemede sitere na Latin maka Bouyei. Nsonaazụ bụ edemede yiri ụfọdụ romanization nke Zhuang nke jiri olumba Longli County dịka ntọala ya. Gọọmenti China kwadoro edemede ahụ ma tinye ya na 1957, n'agbanyeghị na ojiji ya kwụsịrị na 1960. === Edemede Bouyei dị ugbu a === Na 1981 ogbako na akụkọ ihe mere eme Bouyei degharịrị edemede ahụ emepụtara na 1956 iji mee ka ọ bụrụ ihe bara uru na n'ụdị ụda olu nke okwu Wangmo County. Ndị gọọmentị China kwadoro ya, ma nabata ya na nnwale na 1982. Nzaghachi dị mma nke ukwuu, ewebatakwa edemede ahụ n'ihu ọha na Maachị 1985 ma na-aga n'ihu na-eji ya ruo ugbu a. '''Ntụnyere ochie na nke ugbu a Bouyei Romanization''' {| border="1" ! bgcolor="lightblue" |Old !Current |IPA ! bgcolor="lightblue" |Old !Current |IPA ! bgcolor="lightblue" |Old !Current |IPA ! bgcolor="lightblue" |Old !Current |IPA ! bgcolor="lightblue" |Old !Current |IPA |- | bgcolor="lightblue" |b |b |{{IPA|/p/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" |{{IPA|ƃ}} |mb |{{IPA|/ɓ/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" |m |m |{{IPA|/m/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" |f |f |{{IPA|/f/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" |v |v, qv |{{IPA|/v, ˀv/}} |- | bgcolor="lightblue" |c |z |{{IPA|/ts/}} | colspan="3" | | colspan="3" | | bgcolor="lightblue" |s |s |{{IPA|/s/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" |r |r |{{IPA|/z/}} |- | bgcolor="lightblue" |d |d |{{IPA|/t/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" |{{IPA|ƌ}} |nd |{{IPA|/ɗ/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" |n |n |{{IPA|/n/}} | colspan="3" | | bgcolor="lightblue" |l |l |{{IPA|/l/}} |- | bgcolor="lightblue" |g |g |{{IPA|/k/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" |gv |gv |{{IPA|/kʷ/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" |ŋ |ng |{{IPA|/ŋ/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" |ŋv |ngv |{{IPA|/ŋʷ/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" |h |h |{{IPA|/x/}} |- | bgcolor="lightblue" |gy |j |{{IPA|/tɕ/}} | colspan="3" | | bgcolor="lightblue" |ny |ny |{{IPA|/nʲ/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" |x |x |{{IPA|/ɕ/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" |y |y, qy |{{IPA|/j, ˀj/}} |- | bgcolor="lightblue" |by |by |{{IPA|/pʲ/}} | colspan="3" | | bgcolor="lightblue" |my |my |{{IPA|/mʲ/}} |} {| border="1" ! bgcolor="lightblue" |Ochie ! Zhuang ! Bouyei | IPA ! bgcolor="lightblue" | Ochie ! Zhuang ! Bouyei | IPA ! bgcolor="lightblue" | Ochie ! Zhuang ! Bouyei | IPA ! bgcolor="lightblue" | Ochie ! Zhuang ! Bouyei | IPA |- | bgcolor="lightblue" | a | a | aa | {{IPA|/aː/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" | ọ | ae | a | {{IPA|/a/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" | e | e | ee | {{IPA|/e/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" | i | i | i | {{IPA|/i/}} |- | bgcolor="lightblue" | o | o | oo | {{IPA|/oː/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" | ị | oe | o | {{IPA|/o/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" | u | u | u | {{IPA|/u/}} | bgcolor="lightblue" | {{IPA|ɯ}} | w | e | {{IPA|/ɯ/}} |} '''Akwụkwọ ozi akara ụda''' {| border="1" !# ! bgcolor="lightblue" | Ochie ! Zhuang ! Bouyei | Olumba Yangchang | Olumba fuxing |- ! 1 | bgcolor="lightblue" | onweghi | onweghi | l,q | 35 | 24 |- ! 2 | bgcolor="lightblue" | {{IPA|ƨ}} | z | z | 11 | 11 |- ! 3 | bgcolor="lightblue" | ɜ | j | c, j | 13 | 53 |- ! 4 | bgcolor="lightblue" | ch | x | x, f | 31 | 11 |- ! 5 | bgcolor="lightblue" |{{IPA|ƽ}} |q | s | 33 | 35 |- ! 6 | bgcolor="lightblue" | {{IPA|ƅ}} | h | h, y | 53 | 33 |- ! 7 | bgcolor="lightblue" | (p, t, k) | (p, t, k) | (b, d, g) t | 33 (ogologo), 35 (mkpụmkpụ) | 35 |- ! 8 | bgcolor="lightblue" | (b, d, g) | (b, d, g) | (b, d, g) | 53 (ogologo), 11 (mkpụmkpụ) | 33 |} == Ntụaka == {{Reflist}}  == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130605140811/http://language.psy.auckland.ac.nz/austronesian/language.php?id=731 ABVD: Bouyei (Wangmo) ndepụta okwu] [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] oxw16m824fgecz1bl4py9z8hgaksxnf 0 56511 729793 698509 2026-10-01T12:31:43Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729793 wikitext text/x-wiki The Folklore Society (FLS) bụ ọrụ ebere edebanyere aha n'okpuru iwu Bekee [1] nke dị na London, England maka igbochi omenala.  Ọfịs ya dị na 50 Fitzroy Street, London ebe obibi nke Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Strategic Plan 2020–2025|work=Royal Anthropological Institute|url=https://www.therai.org.uk/about-the-rai/strategic-plan|accessdate=10 August 2023}}</ref> E akara ya na London na 1878 iji akara ngosi, egwu egwu egwu, abụ, ịgba egwu na ihe nkiri, ihe, nka na ọrụ aka, omenala na-eme ihe.  Ntọala ahụ sitere na aro Eliza Gutch mere na peeji nke Notes and Queries. == Ndị otu == William Thoms, onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Notes and Queries bụ onye mbụ webatara okwu ahụ bụ folk-lore, [1] yiri ka ọ bụ ihe mgbagwoju n'imepụta ọha mmadụ: [2] dị ka G. L. Gomme, onye bụ onye isi otu ruo afọ.. <ref name="Roper2007">{{Cite journal|author=Roper|first=Jonathan|date=2007|title=Thoms and the Unachieved 'Folk-lore of England'|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_folklore_2007-08_118_2/page/203|journal=Folklore|volume=118|issue=2|pages=203–216|issn=0015-587X|doi=10.1080/00155870701340035}}</ref> A maara ụfọdụ ndị a ma dị ka "ìgwè ukwu" na-eme ihe mere eme nke Richard Dorson nke ọdịnala ndị Britain na 1967, ndị isi Victorian nke akwụkwọ ozi isi n'ahụ ahụ, ndị a bụ Andrew Lang, Edwin Sidney Hartland, Alfred Nutt, William Alexander Clouston, Edward Clodd, na Gomme.  Ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme mechara nwee mgbanwe miri emi n'echiche ndị otu dị ka Joseph Jacobs.[1]Onye otu na-eje ozi ogologo oge na onye na-enye aka na okwu na akwụkwọ nke ụlọ ọrụ bụ Charlotte Sophia Burne, nchoputa mbụ onye nchọpụta nke akwụkwọ ya na onye isi oche (1909-10) nke ụlọ ọrụ.  [2] Ethel Rudkin, onye Lincolnshire folklorist, bụ onye otu ama ama;  akwụkwọ ya akwụkwọ akụkọ na akwụkwọ ozi ahụ, yana akwụkwọ Lincolshire Folklore . <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Brown|first=Theo|date=1986-01-01|title=Obituary: Ethel H. Rudkin, 1893–1985|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/0015587X.1986.9716384|journal=Folklore|volume=97|issue=2|pages=222–223|doi=10.1080/0015587X.1986.9716384|issn=0015-587X}}</ref> == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ akụkọ Folklore ndị na-anọ kwa afọ, na, akwụkwọ 1986, akwụkwọ, FLS News.. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Newsletter: FLS News|url=https://folklore-society.com/publications/news/|accessdate=2023-12-23|work=The Folklore Society}}</ref> Akwụkwọ ahụ ahụ dị ka The Folk-Lore Record na 1878, gaa n'ihu ma ọ bụ ndịghachi dị ka The folk-Lore Journal, ma site na 1890 a chị achị ọchịchị dị ka ike ogologo aha Folk-Lome: A Quarterly Review of Myth, Tradition, Institution, & Custom.  Folk-Lore: ihe nke anọ nke nkeji ifo, omenala, ụlọ ọrụ, na omenala.  Ịtinye The Archaeological Review na Folk-Lore Journal.  Joseph Jacobs dekọrịta ndị nọ mbụ kwa afọ dị ka Quarterly Review, nke Alfred Nutt nọchiri.  Dị ka onye isi nke onye na-akọ akwụkwọ David Nutt na Strand, Alfred Nutt bụ onye na- bipụta akwụkwọ ahụ site na 1890. <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Folklore Society|date=June 2013|title=Coote-Lake Medal 2013|journal=FLS News|volume=70|pages=1}}</ref> Charlotte Burne dezi akwụkwọ ozi ahụ n'agbata afọ 1899 na 1908. [1] ịhụnanya A. R. Wright (1909-14);  William Crooke (1915-23);  A. R, Wright (1924-31);  E. O. James (1932-55);  Christina Hole (1956-78);  Jacqueline Simpson (1979-93);  Gillian Bennett (1994-2004), Patricia Lysaght (2004-2012) na Jessica Hemming (2013-). == Nchịkọta == Ọbá akwụkwọ Folklore Society nwere ihe dị ka akwụkwọ 15,000 na ihe ọmụmụ utu aha 200 (40 natara ugbu a) ma na-eme ya na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ London.  Ike ya dị mkpa dị na omenala na-eme Bekee, Irish, Scottish, na Welsh;  e eserese nnukwu akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ ndị Europe, na ogologo oge nke omenala Estonian na Basque.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|author=UCL Special Collections|date=2018-08-23|title=Folklore Society Collection|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/library/special-collections/a-z/folklore|accessdate=2023-12-12|work=UCL Special Collections|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240911043849/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/library/special-collections/a-z/folklore|archive-date=2024-09-11|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Folklore Society Archives and Collections akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị na-agbaso omenala nke G. L. Gomme na Lady Gomme, T. F. Ordish, William Crooke, Henry Underhill, Estella Canziani, Denis Galloway, Barbara Aitken, Margaret Murray, Katharine Briggs na ndị ọzọ.  A na-edebe ihe ngosi na nchịkọta nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na University College London's Special Collections. <ref name=":0"/> == Ndị isi ala ==   == Ihe nrite Katharine Briggs == Katharine Briggs Award bụ ihe nrite akwụkwọ kwa afọ nke Society nyere iji sọpụrụ Katharine Mary Briggs (onye bụ onye isi oche nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ site na 1969 ruo 1972).  [1] A na-enye ahụ ahụ kwa afɔ a mara ọkwa ya na 1982. [2] Ndị mmeri a ma ama onye Israel na-akọ ihe mere eme nke ndị mmadụ na ibe ya Guy Beiner (2019), onye America na-amụ ifo Jack Zipes (2007), onye England na-ede mere ifo Marina Warner mere (1999), iheho England na-. onye America na-amụ (2019).  okpukpe di na-eso nke ndị na-akọ omenala Iona na Peter Opie (1986) na onye Soviet na-ahụrụ omenala Vladimir Propp (1985). Ndị mmeri nke onyinye ahụ bụ: <ref>{{Cite web|title=Katharine Briggs Folklore Award Winners|url=https://www.goodreads.com/award/show/3048-katharine-briggs-folklore-award|accessdate=2021-03-28|work=www.goodreads.com}}</ref> * 1982: Samuel Pyeatt Menefee, Ndị Nwunye maka Ahịa: Nnyocha Ethnographic nke ịgba alụkwaghịm a ma ama na Britain (Basil Blackwell) * 1983: Michael Pickering, Village Song and Culture (Croom Helm) * 1984: Sandra Billington, A Social History of the Fool (Harvester Press) * 1985: Vladimir Propp, Theory and History of Folklore, nke Anatoly Liberman dezigharịrị (Manchester University Press) * 1986: Iona na Peter Opie, The Singing Game (Oxford University Press) * 1987: Amy Shuman, Akụkọ Ikike (Cambridge University Press) * 1988: Hilda Ellis Davidson, Myths and Symbols in Pagan Europe (Manchester University Press) * 1989: J. P. Mallory, In Search of the Indo-Europeans Language, Archaeology and Myth (Thames & Hudson) * 1990: Paul Oliver, Blues Fell This Morning (Cambridge University Press) * 1991: Simon Charsley, Rites of Marrying: The Wedding Industry in Scotland (Manchester University Press) <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wood|first=Juliette|date=1992|title=Katharine Briggs Lecture and Folklore Award, 1991|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0015587x.1992.9715830|journal=Folklore|volume=103|issue=1|pages=73–74|doi=10.1080/0015587x.1992.9715830|issn=0015-587X}}</ref> * 1992: E. P. Thompson, Customs in Common (Merlin Press) * 1993: Georgina Boyes, The Imagined Village: Culture, Ideology, and the English Folk Revival (Manchester University Press) <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Snell|first=K. D. M.|date=1994|title=Georgina Boyes, The Imagined Village: Culture, Ideology and the English Folk Revival, Manchester and New York, Manchester University Press, 1993. xiv + 285 pp. £35.00 hb. ISBN 0 7190 2914 7.|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/rural-history/article/abs/georgina-boyes-the-imagined-village-culture-ideology-and-the-english-folk-revival-manchester-and-new-york-manchester-university-press-1993-xiv-285-pp-3500-hb-isbn-0-7190-2914-7/2EF9CA8BB38446B6C27DB2F5E12FFEB0|journal=Rural History|volume=5|issue=2|pages=228–229|doi=10.1017/S0956793300000728|issn=1474-0656}}</ref> * 1994: Claudia Kinmonth, Irish Country Furniture 1700-1950 (Yale University Press) * 1995: Timothy Mitchell, Flamenco Deep Song (Yale University Press) * 1996: Mary-Ann Constantine, Breton Ballads (CMCS Publications) <ref>{{Cite journal|date=1997|title=Katharine Briggs Award, 1996. Judges' Report|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0015587x.1997.9715952|journal=Folklore|volume=108|issue=1–2|pages=123|doi=10.1080/0015587x.1997.9715952|issn=0015-587X}}</ref> * 1997: Neil Jarman, Parading Culture: Parades na Visual Displays na Northern Ireland (Berg) * 1998: Joseph Falaky Nagy, Na-agwa Ndị Mmụọ Ozi na Ndị Ochie okwu: Akụkọ ifo nke Ireland oge ochie (Ụlọikpe anọ) * 1999: Marina Warner, ''No Go the Bogeyman: Egwu, Ịkwa ákwá na Ịkwa emo'' (Chatto na Windus) <ref>{{Cite journal|date=2000|title=Katharine Briggs Folklore Award 1999: Judges' Report|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00155870020004666|journal=Folklore|volume=111|issue=2|pages=315–316|doi=10.1080/00155870020004666|issn=0015-587X}}</ref> * 2000: Diarmuid Ó Giolláin, Chọta Irish Folklore: Tradition, Modernity, Identity (Cork University Press) * 2001: Adam Fox, Oral and Literate Culture in England, 1500-1700 (Clarendon Press) <ref>{{Cite journal|date=2002|title=Katharine Briggs Folklore Award 2001: Judges' Report|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0015587022000015374|journal=Folklore|volume=113|issue=2|pages=269–270|doi=10.1080/0015587022000015374|issn=0015-587X}}</ref> * 2002: Elizabeth Hallam na Jenny Hockey, Death, Memory and Material Culture (Berg) <ref>{{Cite journal|date=2003|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0015587032000104266|journal=Folklore|volume=114|issue=2|pages=271–284|doi=10.1080/0015587032000104266|issn=0015-587X|title=Reviews of Folklore Scholarship}}</ref> * 2003: Malcolm Jones, The Secret Middle Ages (Sutton) <ref>{{Cite journal|date=2004|title=Katharine Briggs Folklore Award 2003: Judges' report|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0015587042000284347|journal=Folklore|volume=115|issue=3|pages=363–365|doi=10.1080/0015587042000284347|issn=0015-587X}}</ref> * 2004: Steve Roud, The Penguin Guide to the Superstitions of Britain and Ireland (Penguin) * 2005: Jeremy Harte, Explore Fairy Traditions (Heart of Albion Press) * 2006: Catherine Rider, Magic and Impotence in the Middle Ages (Oxford University Press) * 2007: Jack Zipes, Ihe Mere Akụkọ ifo Na-akwụsị (Routledge) * 2008: Richard Bebb, Welsh Furniture 1250-1950: a Cultural History of Craftsmanship and Design (Saer Books) * 2009: Kathryn Marsh, The Musical Playground: Global Tradition and Change in Children's Songs and Games (Oxford University Press) * 2010: Arthur Taylor, ''Egwuregwu na Pub: Egwuregwu Pub nke Britain'' (English Heritage Publications) * 2011: Herbert Halpert, nke John Widdowson dezigharịrị, Folk Tales, Trickster Tales and Legends of the Supernatural from the Pinelands of New Jersey (Edwin Mellen Press) * 2012: David Hopkin, Voices of the People in Nineteenth-Century France (Cambridge University Press) * 2013: Karl Bell, The Legend of Spring-Heeled Jack: Victorian Urban Folklore and Popular Cultures (Boydell Press) * 2014: David Atkinson, The Anglo-Scottish Ballad and its Imaginary Contexts (OpenBook Publishers) * 2015: Richard Jenkins, Black Magic and Bogeymen (Cork University Press) <ref>{{Cite web|author=Larson|first=Shannon K.|date=7 January 2016|title='The Folklore Society Announces Winners of the 2015 Katherine Briggs Folklore Award', American Folklore Society News: Review|url=https://www.afsnet.org/news/268380/The-Folklore-Society-Announces-Winners-of-the-2015-Katherine-Briggs-Folklore-Award.htm|work=American Folklore Society}}</ref> * 2016: Lizanne Henderson, Witchcraft and Folk Belief in the Age of Enlightenment: Scotland, 1670-1740 (Palgrave) <ref>{{Cite book|author=Lizanne|first=Henderson|authorlink=Lizanne Henderson|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1080426994|title=Witchcraft and Folk Belief in the Age of Enlightenment: Scotland, 1670-1740|date=2017|publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]]|isbn=978-1-349-59313-2|oclc=1080426994}}</ref> * 2017: Christopher Josiffe, ''Gef! '' Akụkọ Na-amaghị Ama nke Otu Nnukwu Onye Na-ekwu Okwu (Onye Na-amagwa) * 2018: Martin Graebe, Ka m na-apụ: Sabine Baring Gould na Ọchụchọ maka Abụ Folk nke Devon na Cornwall (Akwụkwọ Akaụntụ) * 2019: Guy Beiner, Ncheta Na-echefu echefu: Nchefu Ọha na Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme nke Nnupụisi na Ulster (Oxford University Press) <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Katharine Briggs Award 2019|url=https://folklore-society.com/blog-post/the-katharine-briggs-award-2019/|accessdate=2021-03-28|work=The Folklore Society}}</ref> * 2020: William G. Pooley, Body and Tradition in Nineteenth-Century France: Félix Arnaudin and the Moorlands of Gascony, 1870-1914 (Oxford University Press) * 2021: Jonathan Y. H. Hui (ed. na trans.), Vilmundar saga viðutan. ''Vilmundar saga nautan. ''Saga nke Vilmundur onye Outsider (Viking Society for Northern Research) * 2022: [[:it:Marina Montesano|Marina Montesano]] (ed.) Folklore, Magic, and Witchcraft: Cultural Exchange from the Twelfth to Eighteenth Century (Routledge) * 2023: Una McIlvenna, Na-abụ Akụkọ nke Ọnwụ: Egwuregwu Execution Ballads na Europe 1500-1900 (Oxford University Press) * 2024: Tabitha Stanmore, Cunning Folk: Ndụ n'oge nke Ime Anwansi (The Bodley Head). == Ihe nrite Coote Lake == [[Faịlụ:Coote_Lake_Medal_awarded_to_Ethel_Rudkin.jpg|thumb|Ihe nrite Coote Lake nke e nyere Ethel Rudkin (North Lincolnshire Museum) ]] Kọmitii nke Folklore Society na-enye ihe nrite Coote Lake maka "nnyocha na agụmakwụkwọ pụtara ìhè" n'ọhịa nke Folklor Studies.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Coote Lake Medal|url=https://folklore-society.com/awards/the-coote-lake-medal/|accessdate=2021-03-28|work=The Folklore Society}}</ref> A na-akpọ nna ahụ iji sọpụrụ Harold Coote Lake (1878-1939), onye otu Folklore Society na 1920s na 1930s (onye jere ozi dị ka Treasurer na Secretary of the Society n'oge ahụ). Ndị natara ya bụ: * 1940 Mary MacLeod Banks * 1941 Dr T. E. LonesDr. T. E. Lones * 1952 Dr Walter Leo Hildburgh * 1955 Prọfesọ Edward Oliver James * 1960 Iona na Peter Opie * 1968 Alex Helm na Enid Porter * 1979 Christina Hole * 1983 Theo Brown na Stewart Sanderson * 1984 Ethel Rudkin na Dr Hilda Davidson * 1987 Dr Emily Lyle na Dr Ian Russell * 2000 Prọfesọ John Widdowson na Dr Roy Judge * 2006 Dr Venetia Newall * 2007 Dr. Jaqueline Simpson na Dr 'Doc' RoweDr 'Doc" Rowe * 2008 Jennifer Westwood * 2013 Prọfesọ Patricia Lysaght * 2014 Malcolm Taylor na Dr Eddie Cass * 2018 Dr Gillian Bennett na Dr Caroline Oates == Ihe odide == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == * [http://www.folklore-society.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Folklore Society] * [http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/serial?id=folklorej Mbipụta n'ịntanetị n'efu nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Folklore na ndị bu ya ụzọ, 1868-1922] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250321052307/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/library/special-collections/a-z/folklore Nchịkọta nke Folklore Society] na Mahadum College LondonMahadum London * HathiTrust Digital Library na-enye echiche zuru oke, o doro anya na ọ zuru ezu, maka 1878 ruo 1922, oge nke mbipụta ndị dị na [[Public domain|ngalaba ọha na eze]]: ** [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000541174]na [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100321555] (ihe ndekọ abụọ). The Folk-Lore Record, Mpịakọta 1-5, 1878 ruo 1882 ** [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000546141] [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100334945] (ihe ndekọ abụọ). The Folk-Lore Journal, Mpịakọta 1-7, 1883 ruo 1889 ** [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000067760]Folk-Lore, Mpịakọta 1-33, 1890 ruo 1922 (nke isiokwu ya bụ A Quarterly Review ..., site na peeji nke isiokwu nke Mpịakọ 1 dị ka eriri) 0zf90fua9ieg1d0es8myvbv23wlbvpw 0 58911 729936 451726 2026-10-02T06:45:37Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729936 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Akakhora''', ma ọ bụ '''Kora''' (Cora), bụ olumba nke asụsụ Northern Andamanese . Ekwuru ya n'akụkụ ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ na ugwu etiti nke North Andaman yana na Smith Island. Ọ bụ n'efu kemgbe Nọvemba 2009 mgbe ọkà okwu ikpeazụ ya, Boro, nwụrụ. <ref name="Boro">{{Cite news|title=Andamanese tribes, languages die|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article100977.ece|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=February 5, 2010|accessdate=2010-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140602195837/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article100977.ece|archive-date=2014-06-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> O yikarịrị ka asụsụ dị iche iche nke Northern Great Andamanese, dịka ọ dị ka [[Asụsụ Aka-Jeru|Aka-Jeru]], na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla pụrụ iche. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Zamponi|first=Raoul|url=https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10137813/1/A-Grammar-of-Akajeru.pdf.pdf|title=A grammar of Akajeru: fragments of a traditional North Andamanese dialect|date=2021|publisher=UCL Press|isbn=978-1-80008-093-5|series=Grammars of world and minority languages|location=London}}</ref> == Aha == Aha obodo maka asụsụ ahụ bụ '''''Aka-Kora''''', bụkwakwara '''''Aka-Khora''''' ma ọ bụ '''''Aka-Cora''''' ( '''''Aka-''''' ịbụ prefix maka "asụsụ"); na aha a na-ejikarị maka ebo n'onwe ya. E kewara ha n'etiti ndị bi n'ikpere mmiri ( ''aryoto'' ) na ndị bi n'oké ọhịa ( ''eremtaga'' ). <ref name="weber8">George Weber (~2009), ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20090302021552/http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/chapter8/text8.htm The Tribes] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130507061710/http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/chapter8/text8.htm|date=2013-05-07}}''. Chapter 8 in ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20130724070402/http://andaman.org/BOOK/text-group-BodyChapters.htm The Andamanese] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805204050/http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/app-a/a-portman.htm|date=2012-08-05}}''. Accessed on 2012-07-12.</ref> Ka ọ na-erule 1980 naanị otu onye kwuru na ya bụ onye Kora, <ref name="weber8"/> na 1994 ebo Kora adịkwaghị adị ka ngalaba dị iche. Ọ bụ ezie na ụmụ Kora ka bi na Great Andamanese ndoputa nke Strait Island dị ka 2006, ha kwuru na ha bụ ndị ebo ndị ọzọ, karịsịa [[Asụsụ Aka-Jeru|Jeru]] . Ọkà okwu ikpeazụ a maara nke asụsụ Kora nwụrụ na Nọvemba 2009. <ref name="abbiweb"> [[Anvita Abbi]] (2006), ''{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20101023084412/http://www.andamanese.net/generalia.html Great Andamanese Community]}}'' in ''{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20071017094120/http://andamanese.net/index.html VOGA - Vanishing Voices of the Great Andamanese]}}''. Accessed on 2012-07-12.</ref>Ha bụ ebo a haziri ahazi. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf|title=List of notified Scheduled Tribes|publisher=Census India|accessdate=15 December 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107225208/http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/ST%20Lists.pdf|archivedate=7 November 2013}}</ref> == Ụtọ asụsụ == Asụsụ Andaman ukwu bụ asụsụ agglutinative, nwere nnukwu prefix na sistemu suffix. Ha nwere usoro klaasị aha pụrụ iche dabere na akụkụ ahụ, nke aha na nkọwa ọ bụla nwere ike were prefix dịka akụkụ ahụ ya jikọtara ya na (na ndabere nke ọdịdị, ma ọ bụ njikọ ọrụ). Ya mere, dịka ọmụmaatụ, * aka- na mmalite nke aha asụsụ bụ prefix maka ihe ndị metụtara ire . <ref name="Templ" /> Enwere ike ịnye ihe atụ adjectival site n'ụdị ''yop'' dị iche iche, "pịtị, dị nro", na Aka-Bea: <ref name="Templ">Temple, Richard C. (1902). ''A Grammar of the Andamanese Languages, being Chapter IV of Part I of the Census Report on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands''. Superintendent's Printing Press: Port Blair.</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! ! Bea ! Balawa? ! Bajigy? ! Juwoi ! Kol |- ! isi/obi | ot- | otu- | ote- | otu- | otu- |- ! aka/ụkwụ | on- | on- | on- | onye- | onye- |- ! ọnụ/asụsụ | âkà- | aka- | o- | ọkọ- | o- |- ! torso (ubu ruo shins) | ab- | ab- | ab- | a- | o- |- ! anya / ihu / ogwe aka / ara | i-, ig- | id- | ir- | re- | nke- |- ! azụ/ụkwụ/but | ar- | ar- | ar- | ra - | a- |- ! ukwu | otu- |} {| class="wikitable" |M, nke m | ''d-'' | anyi, anyi | ''m-'' |- | gi, gi | ''ŋ-'' | gi, gi | ''ŋ-'' |- | ya, ya, ya, ya, ya, ya, ya | ''a'' | ha, ha | ''l-'' |} 'Nke a' na 'nke ahụ' bụ ihe dị iche dị ka ''k-'' na ''t-'' . N'ịtụle site na isi mmalite ndị dịnụ, asụsụ Andaman nwere nanị ọnụọgụ abụọ kadinal &#x2014; [[otu]] na [[Abụo|abụọ]] &#x2014; na mkpokọta ọnụọgụgụ ha niile bụ otu, abụọ, otu ọzọ, ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ, na ihe niile. == Ntụaka == ngalaba dị iche. [1] Ọ bụ ezie na ụmụ Kora ka bi na Great Andamanese ndoputa nke Strait{{Reflist}} 5z6a6cn9d6c2vlypcobz39ct7e6rtmi 0 59319 729881 212185 2026-10-01T18:19:21Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729881 wikitext text/x-wiki Ụlọ Ọgwụ Nkụzi Pastor Chris Oyakhilome nke a na-akpọbu Ụlọ Ọgwụ Nkụzi Mahadum Igbinedion bụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụike dị na Okada, Edo Steeti, Naịjiria.[1][2] Ọ jikọtara ya na Mahadum Igbinedion ma na-eje ozi dị ka ebe dị mkpa maka agụmakwụkwọ ahụike, nlekọta ndị ọrịa, na nyocha na mpaghara.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Momoh|first=Idris Umar|date=2022-04-07|title=Igbinedion University Teaching Hospital unveils diagnostic centre|url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/igbinedion-university-teaching-hospital-unveils-diagnostic-centre/|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=Businessday NG|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Odibashi|first=Sunday|date=2022-11-13|title=Chancellor of Igbinedion University renames University Teaching Hospital after Pastor Chris Oyakhilome|url=https://nationaldailyng.com/igbinedion-renames-university-teaching-hospital-after-pastor-chris-oyakhilome/|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=National Daily Newspaper|language=en-US}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == Sir Gabriel Osawaru Igbinedion guzobere ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ na Mee 1993 dị ka akụkụ dị mkpa nke Mahadum Igbinidion. <ref>{{Cite web|title=History|url=https://iuokada.edu.ng/history-2/|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=Igbinedion University Okada|language=en-US}}</ref> N'afọ 2020, a họpụtara Prọfesọ Bazuaye Nosakhare dị ka Onye isi ahụike nke ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Bisi|first=Olaniyi|date=1 May 2020|title=CMD for Igbinedion Hospital|url=https://thenationonlineng.net/cmd-for-igbinedion-hospital/|accessdate=23 August 2023|work=The Nation Newspaper}}</ref> == Mgbanwe aha ka ọ bụrụ Pastọ Chris Oyakhilome Teaching Hospital == Ụlọ Ọgwụ Nkụzi Mahadum Igbinedion gbanwere aha ya ma nye ya aha ọzọ bụ Ụlọ Ọgwụ Mmụta Pastọ Chris Oyakhilome.<ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2022-11-13|title=Igbinedion University confers {{as written|hono|urary [sic]}} degree on Rosemary Osula, names teaching hospital after Chris Oyakhilome|url=https://thestreetjournal.org/igbinedion-university-confers-honourary-degree-on-rosemary-osula-names-teaching-hospital-after-chris-oyakhilome/|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=The Street Journal|language=en-US|archivedate=2023-08-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823134746/https://thestreetjournal.org/igbinedion-university-confers-honourary-degree-on-rosemary-osula-names-teaching-hospital-after-chris-oyakhilome/}}</ref> Onye isi nke Mahadum Igbinedion, Sir Gabriel Igbinidion malitere mgbanwe aha ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|author=|first=|date=2022-11-14|title=Igbinedion names teaching hospital after Chris Oyakhilome|url=https://guardian.ng/news/igbinedion-names-teaching-hospital-after-chris-oyakhilome/|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Akinyemi|first=Bioluwatife|date=2022-11-13|title=Igbinedion University renames Teaching Hospital after Chris Oyakhilome|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/igbinedion-university-renames-teaching-hospital-after-chris-oyakhilome/|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=Tribune Online|language=en-GB}}</ref> Nkwupụta ahụ mere n'oge Ememe mkpokọta nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ 2021/2022 nke e mere n'obodo Okada. <ref>{{Cite web|author=Taiwo|first=Jide|date=2022-11-13|title=Igbinedion University names teaching hospital after Christ Embassy's founder, Oyakhilome|url=https://newswirengr.com/2022/11/13/igbinedion-university-names-teaching-hospital-after-christ-embassys-founder-oyakhilome/|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=NewsWireNGR|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823134418/https://newswirengr.com/2022/11/13/igbinedion-university-names-teaching-hospital-after-christ-embassys-founder-oyakhilome/|archive-date=2023-08-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> Aha ọhụrụ ahụ na-asọpụrụ Pastor Chris Oyakhilome, onye guzobere LoveWorld Ministries, maka onyinye ya nye ụmụ mmadụ na mmepe.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-11-13|title=Igbinedion names teaching hospital after Oyakhilome|url=https://www.pulse.ng/news/local/igbinedion-names-teaching-hospital-after-oyakhilome/f7yf5v0|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=Pulse Nigeria|language=en}}</ref> N'akụkụ mgbanwe aha ahụ, e nyere Pastor Chris Oyakhilome nzere Doctor of Science, Chancellor nyekwara onyinye ala nye LoveWorld Ministries.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Why I Renamed Igbinedion Varsity Teaching Hospital After Oyakhilome — Chancellor – Independent Newspaper Nigeria|url=https://independent.ng/why-i-renamed-igbinedion-varsity-teaching-hospital-after-oyakhilome-chancellor/|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=independent.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=|date=2015-11-06|title=Igbinedion University Teaching Hospital Opens Health Centre At Ofumwegbe Town|url=https://www.itvradiong.com/uncategorized/igbinedion-university-teaching-hospital-opens-health-centre-at-ofumwegbe-town/|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=Independent Television/Radio|language=en|archivedate=2023-08-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823134747/https://www.itvradiong.com/uncategorized/igbinedion-university-teaching-hospital-opens-health-centre-at-ofumwegbe-town/}}</ref> == Ihe owuwu == Ụlọ Ọgwụ Nkụzi Pastọ Chris Oyakhilome nwere ụlọ ọrụ a raara nye ọrụ ahụike dị iche iche. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-09-01|title=Igbinedion University Teaching Hospital Okada West, Ovia North-East – Thehospitalbook|url=https://thehospitalbook.com/igbinedion-university-teaching-hospital/|accessdate=2023-08-23|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Edo First Lady Opens IUTH Multi-Million Naira Diagnostic Centre In Benin – Independent Newspaper Nigeria|url=https://independent.ng/edo-first-lady-opens-iuth-multi-million-naira-diagnostic-centre-in-benin/|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=independent.ng}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Muaz|first=Hassan|date=2022-04-04|title=Igbinedion inaugurates IUTH Diagnostic Centre in Benin {{!}}|url=https://theeagleonline.com.ng/igbinedion-inaugurates-iuth-diagnostic-centre-in-benin/|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=The Eagle Online|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe omume ahụike == Ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na agụmakwụkwọ ahụike site n'inye ohere ọzụzụ maka ụmụ akwụkwọ ahụike sitere na Mahadum Igbinedion yana ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ. Ọ na-enye mmemme obibi na mmekọrịta dị iche iche n'ofe ọpụrụiche dị iche iche.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Akinyemi|first=Femi|date=2023-02-06|title=MDCN inducts 26 Igbinedion varsity graduates as qualified medical doctors|url=https://tribuneonlineng.com/mdcn-inducts-26-igbinedion-varsity-graduates-as-qualified-medical-doctors/|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=Tribune Online|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Tide|first=The|date=2023-02-15|title=Medical Council Inducts 26 Doctors Of Igbinedion University|url=https://www.thetidenewsonline.com/2023/02/15/medical-council-inducts-26-doctors-of-igbinedion-university/|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=:::...The Tide News Online:::...|language=en-US}}</ref> Ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ na-enye ohere ọzụzụ bara uru maka ụmụ akwụkwọ ahụike si Mahadum Igbinedion na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MDCN increases admission quota for Igbinedion University - P.M. News|url=https://pmnewsnigeria.com/2022/10/27/mdcn-increases-admission-quota-for-igbinedion-university/|accessdate=2023-08-23|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=|date=2023-05-17|title=Medical And Dental Council Of Nigeria Inducts 29 Medical Graduates In IUO|url=https://www.itvradiong.com/all-news/medical-and-dental-council-of-nigeria-inducts-29-medical-graduates-in-iuo/|accessdate=2023-08-23|work=Independent Television/Radio|language=en|archivedate=2023-06-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605211231/https://www.itvradiong.com/all-news/medical-and-dental-council-of-nigeria-inducts-29-medical-graduates-in-iuo/}}</ref> == Nnyocha == Nchọcha bụ akụkụ bụ isi nke ọrụ Ụlọ Ọgwụ Mmụta Chris Oyakhilome. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Osehobo|first=Ofure Victor|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7kMWAQAAIAAJ&q=%22igbinedion+university+teaching+hospital%22|title=The Igbinedion Promise|date=2007|publisher=Savic Torina Pub.|language=en}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{References}} l6axvir0mcfwzpn5sj1okd94td953k1 0 59533 729911 728503 2026-10-02T00:26:08Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729911 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox person|name=Akaliza Keza Gara|image=|alt=|caption=|birthname=|birth_date=|birth_place=Uganda|death_date=|death_place=|nationality=[[Rwanda]]n|occupation=[[Information technology|IT]] entrepreneur}} Akaliza Keza Gara bụ onye Rwandan IT na onye ọchụnta ego. Ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ịkwalite ogige ahụ nye ụmụ agbọghọ, a na-enwetakwa ya maka mmemme ya site na onyinye sitere n'aka gọọmentị Rwandan na International Telecommunication Union. Gara eguzobela ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ teknụzụ na ụlọ ọrụ webụsaịtị yana ụlọ ihe nkiri. A kọwawo ya dị ka "otu n'ime ụmụ agbọghọ Rwandan ole na ole nweworo ọganihu dị ukwuu n'ịgbanwe ihu teknụzụ na mba ahụ" ma bụrụ onye so na World Economic Forum's Global Shapers Community.. == Ọrụ == Akaliza Keza Gara akamana ke Uganda onyụn̄ odụn̄ ke nsio nsio ini ke South Africa, Kenya, United States, France, Switzerland, ye Italy. O nwere akara ugo mmụta bachelor na teknụzụ mgbasa ozi na imewe site na Mahadum Kent, Canterbury (UK).[1] Ọ gara biri na Kigali, Rwanda mgbe ọ gụchara akara ugo mmụta ya wee nweta ọrụ mbụ ya na 2009 site n'ịsọ asọmpi iji chepụta webụsaịtị maka ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị ngalaba ikike ikike ụlọ ọrụ. Ọ gbara afọ 23 wee gbaziri onye ahịa ahụ laptọọpụ ka ọ rụchaa ọrụ ahụ.[1][2] Gara hiwere ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi Shaking Sun iji nye ya ohere imeri ọtụtụ ọrụ na ngalaba nke eserese eserese, imewe webụsaịtị na ihe nkiri yana ịzụ ndị Rwandan na-eto eto.[1][2] Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ewepụtala weebụsaịtị maka Ministry of Finance na Economic Planning na Ministry of Natural Resources. Kemgbe Septemba 2012 Gara na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi na [[kLab]], otu na-enye ndị mmadụ nkwado teknụzụ na ntụziaka na ụmụ agbọghọ na ICT Rwanda, nke na-ejikọ ụmụ nwanyị na-arụkọ ọrụ na ndị ọkachamara na teknụzụ ozi na nkwukọrịta iji kwalite mpaghara ahụ dị ka ọrụ nye ụmụ agbọghọ.{{Cite news|title=Akaliza Keza Gara, Rwanda's ICT woman|url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/rwanda/Business/Akaliza-Keza-Gara--Rwanda-s-ICT-woman/1433224-2235084-1v5n29/index.html|accessdate=8 November 2017|work=The East African|date=7 March 2014|language=en-UK}} {{Cite web|title=Akaliza Keza Gara|url=https://klab.rw/public/member/21|publisher=kLab|accessdate=8 November 2017|archivedate=12 September 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912032946/https://klab.rw/public/member/21}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye otu Kigali hub nke World Economic Forum's Global Shapers Community .{{Cite news|title=Built in Africa: Shaking Sun's Akaliza Keza Gara on using tech to tell African stories|url=http://ventureburn.com/2014/04/built-in-africa-shaking-suns-akaliza-keza-gara-on-using-tech-to-tell-african-stories/|accessdate=8 November 2017|publisher=Ventureburn|date=23 April 2014}}</ref> N'afọ 2012, ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ndị ntorobịa na ICT nke Rwanda nyere Gara onyinye Outstanding Woman Entrepreneur na ICT.<ref name="venture" /> N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị anọ na-azụ ahịa ICT na Rwanda nke International Telecommunication Union nabatara dị ka ndị pụtara ìhè n'ọhịa ha.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Twahirwa|first=Aimable|title=Tech Entrepreneur Encourages Rwanda's Young Women to Venture into ICT|url=http://www.ipsnews.net/2014/08/tech-entrepreneur-encourages-rwandas-young-women-to-venture-into-ict/|accessdate=8 November 2017|publisher=Inter Press Service|date=4 August 2014}}</ref> Ọ bụ onye ọsụ ụzọ n'iji hashtag "Rwandan na Twitter" (#RwOT).{{Cite news|author=Migisha|first=Magnifique|title=10 Young Rwandan Entrepreneurs You Should Follow On Twitter|url=http://www.kigalian.com/socialmedia/2015/05/10-young-rwandan-entrepreneurs-you-should-follow-on-twitter/|accessdate=8 November 2017|publisher=The Kigalian|date=17 May 2015|archive-date=15 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915053712/http://www.kigalian.com/socialmedia/2015/05/10-young-rwandan-entrepreneurs-you-should-follow-on-twitter/|url-status=dead}}</ref> N'afọ 2013, Microsoft họpụtara Gara dị ka onye nnọchi anya ndị ntorobịa maka East Africa, oge mbụ a họpụtara onye Rwanda n'ọkwa ahụ, ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ndị otu anọ nke ndị ndụmọdụ ndị ntorobịa na atụmatụ 4Afrika nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. <ref name="east">{{Cite news|title=Akaliza Keza Gara, Rwanda's ICT woman|url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/rwanda/Business/Akaliza-Keza-Gara--Rwanda-s-ICT-woman/1433224-2235084-1v5n29/index.html|accessdate=8 November 2017|work=The East African|date=7 March 2014|language=en-UK}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/rwanda/Business/Akaliza-Keza-Gara--Rwanda-s-ICT-woman/1433224-2235084-1v5n29/index.html "Akaliza Keza Gara, Rwanda's ICT woman"]. ''The East African''. 7 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="venture">{{Cite news|title=Built in Africa: Shaking Sun's Akaliza Keza Gara on using tech to tell African stories|url=http://ventureburn.com/2014/04/built-in-africa-shaking-suns-akaliza-keza-gara-on-using-tech-to-tell-african-stories/|accessdate=8 November 2017|publisher=Ventureburn|date=23 April 2014}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[http://ventureburn.com/2014/04/built-in-africa-shaking-suns-akaliza-keza-gara-on-using-tech-to-tell-african-stories/ "Built in Africa: Shaking Sun's Akaliza Keza Gara on using tech to tell African stories"]. Ventureburn. 23 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Akariza Keza Gara, Umunyarwandakazi watowe mu buyobozi bwa Microsoft muri Afurika #Rwanda|url=http://www.kigalitoday.com/ikoranabuhanga/utuntu-n-utundi/Akariza-Keza-Gara-Umunyarwandakazi-watowe-mu-buyobozi-bwa-Microsoft-muri|accessdate=8 November 2017|publisher=Kigali Today|date=20 February 2014|language=Shona}}</ref> Gara guzobekwara Yambi Animation Studios . <ref name="kig">{{Cite news|author=Migisha|first=Magnifique|title=10 Young Rwandan Entrepreneurs You Should Follow On Twitter|url=http://www.kigalian.com/socialmedia/2015/05/10-young-rwandan-entrepreneurs-you-should-follow-on-twitter/|accessdate=8 November 2017|publisher=The Kigalian|date=17 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915053712/http://www.kigalian.com/socialmedia/2015/05/10-young-rwandan-entrepreneurs-you-should-follow-on-twitter/|archive-date=15 September 2018|url-status=dead}}<cite class="citation news cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFMigisha2015">Migisha, Magnifique (17 May 2015). . The Kigalian. Archived from on 15 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref> Ọ na-emepe ihe nkiri African Tales, nke ga-abụ usoro ihe nkiri mbụ maka ụmụaka mepụtara na Rwanda. <ref name="east"/> Gara mere ihe nkiri mbụ ya na 2014, usoro mmụta maka ụmụaka, ma nwee olileanya ịzụlite ihe odide na ntọala nke ụmụaka Rwanda nwere ike ịmekọrịta.<ref name="venture"/> N'afọ 2018, onye odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke United Nations António Guterres họpụtara Gara ka ọ nọrọ na Panel High Level Panel. N'ime Panel ahụ, odeakwụkwọ ukwu kwuru, sị, "Teknụzụ dijitalụ na-enye aka dị ukwuu na mmezu nke ebumnuche mmepe na-adịgide adịgide na ha na-ebipụ n'ụzọ pụrụ iche n'ofe mba ụwa. Ya mere, imekọ ihe ọnụ n'ofe ngalaba na n'ofe ala dị oké mkpa iji ghọta ikike zuru oke nke ọha na eze na akụ na ụba nke teknụzụ dijitalụ yana ibelata ihe ize ndụ ndị ha na-ebute ma na-ebelata ihe ọ bụla a na-atụghị anya ya.. "<ref>{{Cite news|title=Secretary-General Appoints High-Level Panel on Digital Cooperation {{!}} Meetings Coverage and Press Releases|url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2018/sga1817.doc.htm/|accessdate=6 June 2019|publisher=United Nations|date=12 July 2018}}</ref> A kọwawo Gara dị ka "otu n'ime ụmụ agbọghọ Rwandan ole na ole mere ọganihu dị ịrịba ama n'ịgbanwe ihu teknụzụ na mba ahụ".<ref name="east"/> O sonyere na Peace Through Business na Academy for Leadership in Competitiveness and Prosperity courses ma ka ọ na-erule afọ 2017 emechaala nzere Master of Science na Information Technology site na Kobe Institute of Computing.<ref name="klab">{{Cite web|title=Akaliza Keza Gara|url=https://klab.rw/public/member/21|publisher=kLab|accessdate=8 November 2017|archivedate=12 September 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912032946/https://klab.rw/public/member/21}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://web.archive.org/web/20240912032946/https://klab.rw/public/member/21 "Akaliza Keza Gara"]. kLab<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite></ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Akaliza Keza Gara - Google Scholar Citations|url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=waK8diEAAAAJ&hl=en|publisher=Google Scholar|accessdate=8 November 2017}}</ref> == Nsọpụrụ == Nsọpụrụ Akaliza Keza Gara nwetara gụnyere: * Honorary Doctorate site na Mahadum Kent * Onye otu Microsoft 4Afrika Advisory Board * Onye otu odeakwụkwọ ukwu [[Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu|UN]] Panel on Digital Cooperation == Edemsibia == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] n5vq99utos65kcvurw0ngvog7ch8xwd 0 60585 729938 209736 2026-10-02T07:36:36Z CommonsDelinker 87 Removing [[:c:File:Richard_Gbande_image.jpg|Richard_Gbande_image.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Krd|Krd]] because: No permission since 24 September 2026. 729938 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Richard Iorkyaan Gbande''' bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria nke jere ozi dịka onye otu na-anọchite anya Katsina-Ala/Ukum/Logo Federal Constituency n'ụlọ ndị nnọchiteanya. Amụrụ na 1972, ọ na-akwado ya site na steeti beninu. Ọ nọchiri Memga Emmanuel wee họpụta ya na 2019 na National Assembly n'okpuru Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). O nyere ndị mebere ya ihe karịrị otu narị nde naịra ihe ka ha wee nwee ike ibi ndụ ha. A kwụsịtụrụ ya na pati ya n'ihi enweghị isi. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Citizen Science Nigeria|url=https://citizensciencenigeria.org/public-offices/persons/richard-iorkyaan-gbande|accessdate=2025-01-06|work=citizensciencenigeria.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Okogba|first=Emmanuel|date=2022-05-27|title=Benue Reps, Gbande distributes empowerment items to constituents|url=https://www.vanguardngr.com/2022/05/benue-reps-gbande-distributes-empowerment-items-to-constituents/|accessdate=2025-01-06|work=Vanguard News|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-08-08|title=PDP suspends Suswam, others over 'insubordination' - Daily Trust|url=https://dailytrust.com/pdp-suspends-suswam-others-over-insubordination/|accessdate=2025-01-06|work=Daily Trust|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe odide == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] los2ga6kajq29x3vs9e542yhietxuvv 0 65376 729883 719517 2026-10-01T19:49:43Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729883 wikitext text/x-wiki == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == === Nkọwa ọkọlọtọ === Flaglọ ọkọlọtọ tarpaulin na-acha ọbara ọbara ma gosipụta [[People's Republic of China]]">Flag nke People's Republic of China nke nwere dragọn abụọ. Ọ na-egosipụtakwa ederede "Welcome to the Philippines, Province of China" na mkpụrụedemede ọcha <ref name="notfunny"/> na-egosi mba ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Eshia dị ka mpaghara nke People's Republic of China. <ref name="reuters">{{Cite news|title='Philippines, Province of China' signs stir anger on anniversary of arbitration win|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-philippines-china-southchinasea/philippines-province-of-china-signs-stir-anger-on-anniversary-of-arbitration-win-idUKKBN1K20ON|accessdate=November 25, 2018|work=Reuters|date=July 12, 2018}}</ref> Ọ na-egosipụtakwa ederede Chinese na mkpụrụedemede odo n'okpuru ederede Bekee nke na-asụgharị "Welcome to China's Philippines".<ref name="notfunny" /> A na-eji mkpụrụedemede ọdịnala ndị China mee ihe na ọkọlọtọ ndị a na-ejighị mee ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na China.<ref>{{Cite news|title='Philippines, Province of China' Banners Appear on Two-Year Anniversary of South China Sea Ruling|url=https://www.news.com.au/video/id-5348771529001-5808571809001/philippines-province-of-china-banners-appear-on-twoyear-anniversary-of-south-china-sea-ruling|accessdate=November 25, 2018|work=News.com.au|date=July 12, 2018}}</ref> Ederede ọkọlọtọ a pụtara dị ka ihe ga-ekwe omume na-ekwu okwu njakịrị nke onye isi ala Philippine Rodrigo Duterte mere na-enye mba ahụ dị ka mpaghara nke ndị agbata obi ya buru ibu na ugwu na nnọkọ nke ndị ọchụnta ego Philippines nke China na February 2018. <ref name="reuters"/><ref name="philstar">{{Cite news|title=Banners welcome visitors to 'Philippines, province of China'|url=https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2018/07/12/1832876/banners-welcome-visitors-philippines-province-china|accessdate=November 25, 2018|work=Philippine Star|date=July 12, 2018}}</ref> Ọ dịghị otu ma ọ bụ onye ọ bụla kwuru na ọ bụ ya kpatara ọkọlọtọ ahụ.<ref name="reuters"/> === Ngosipụta ihu ọha === ==== Ntinye ==== A kọrọ na a hụrụ ọkọlọtọ tarpaulin na-anọdụ n'elu àkwà mmiri n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke Metro Manila na Julaị 12, 2018, kpọmkwem afọ abụọ kemgbe Ụlọikpe Na-adịgide adịgide nke Arbitration kpebiri na ọ kwadoro Philippines gbasara ikpe ikpe ikpe ikpe nke Philippines v. China gbasara nkwupụta itoolu nke China n'elu Oké Osimiri South China. Ụlọ ikpe mba ụwa ekpebiela na nkwupụta ahụ enweghị ihe ndabere iwu. Gọọmentị nọ n'okpuru ọchịchị nke Onye isi ala Rodrigo Duterte kpebiri ịhapụ mkpebi ahụ iji melite mmekọrịta akụ na ụba na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na [[China|People's Republic of China]].<ref name="philstar"/> N'oge a na-etinye ọkọlọtọ n'ihu ọha, ndị nnọchi anya China nọ na Metro Manila maka njem nkwalite a na-eme kwa afọ ọ bụ ezie na emeghị ndokwa ka ndị nnọchianya gafee ebe a na- etinye ọkọlọtọ.<ref name="removed">{{Cite news|author=Pateña|first=Aerol John|title='Welcome to PH, Province of China' tarps removed|url=http://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1041306|accessdate=November 25, 2018|work=Philippine News Agency|date=July 12, 2018}}</ref> A kọrọ na a kwụnyere ọkọlọtọ n'akụkụ àkwà mmiri ndị njem n'elu: <ref name="notfunny"/> * Commonwealth Avenue, Quezon CityObodo Quezon * Quezon Avenue, Quezon City * Okporo ụzọ C-5 na-aga n'ebe ndịda * N'akụkụ ọdụ ụgbọ elu Ninoy Aquino, PasayIhe na-agafe agafe ==== Ịkwụsị ==== <ref name="removed"/>Ndị ọrụ Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA) na-arụkọ ọrụ na ngalaba gọọmentị ime obodo na ndị uwe ojii wepụrụ tapaulins ahụ n'otu ụbọchị ahụ ebe MMDA enyeghị ikike itinye ọkọlọtọ n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri. == Nzaghachi == === Gọọmentị Philippines === Gọọmentị Philippines site n'aka onye na-ekwuchitere onye isi ala n'oge ahụ bụ Harry Roque ekwuola na ndị iro gọọmentị nọ n'azụ itinye ọkọlọtọ na-agbakwụnye na gọọmentị enweghị "ihe ọ bụla ọ ga-enweta" site n'ime nke a. O kwuru na itinye ọkọlọtọ bụ ụzọ isi kpasuo mmadụ iwe iji mee ka gọọmentị mba ahụ nyefee ala ya ma na-ekwusi ike na nchịkwa nke Onye isi ala Rodrigo Duterte ga-anọgide na-ekwupụta ọbụbụeze na ikike ọbụbụeze nke mba ahụ. Roque kwukwara na omume enyi nke gọọmentị Duterte na China n'agbanyeghị esemokwu na-aga n'ihu na South China Sea emeela ka esemokwu dị n'ógbè ahụ belata ma nye ohere maka nkwurịta okwu obi ike n'etiti ASEAN na China.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Musico|first=Jelly|title=Enemies behind 'PH, Province of China' banners: Palace|url=http://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1041319|accessdate=November 25, 2018|work=Philippine News Agency|date=July 12, 2018}}</ref> === Ebe nnọchi anya mba China === Zhao Jianhua, onye nnọchi anya China na Philippines, kwuru na Philippines agaghị abụ "akụkụ ọ bụla nke China" ma kpọọ ntinye nke ọkọlọtọ dị ka " mwakpo jọgburu onwe ya" na Mmekọrịta abụọ nke China na Philippines.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Chinese envoy: PH will never be a part of China|url=http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2018/07/17/Philippines-Province-of-China-banner.html|accessdate=November 25, 2018|work=CNN Philippines|date=July 17, 2018|archive-date=November 26, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126051011/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2018/07/17/Philippines-Province-of-China-banner.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Ndị ọzọ === E nwere nzaghachi dịgasị iche iche banyere ọkọlọtọ na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta site n'aka ndị na-akwado ma ndị na-akatọ gọọmentị Philippines. Ndị na-akwado ya kwuru na ọkọlọtọ ahụ bụ mwakpo a wakporo gọọmentị. E nwere ịkọ nkọ na ọkọlọtọ ahụ bụ nzaghachi mkparị nye iwu gọọmentị Duterte na-emeso China.<ref name="notfunny">{{Cite news|author=Avendaño|first=Christine|title=Banners not funny to some but satirical to others|url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1009892/banners-not-funny-to-some-but-satirical-to-others|accessdate=November 25, 2018|work=Philippine Daily Inquirer|date=July 13, 2018}}</ref> Edwin Lacierda, onye na-ekwuchitere onye isi ala nke onye bu Rodrigo Duterte ụzọ Benigno Aquino III, mgbe ọ na-eto mbọ gọọmentị gara aga na ikpe Philippines v. China, gosipụtara enweghị okwukwe banyere ọkọlọtọ ahụ.<ref name="notfunny"/> Florin Hilbay, onye bụbu Solicitor General onye keere òkè dị mkpa n'okwu ikpe ikpe nke Philippines v. China, kpọrọ ọkọlọtọ ahụ ụdị mkpesa dị iche iche ma kwuo na ndị a na-atụgharị uche n'otú iwu gọọmentị Philippines si gbanwee na China n'ụzọ dị egwu n'ime naanị afọ abụọ ka ọ na-agba gọọmentị ume ka ọ kwado ọbụbụeze mba ahụ megide ihe ọ na-akpọ agha nke China nke Oké Osimiri South China.<ref>{{Cite news|title='Province of China' banners a form of creative protest, former SolGen says|url=https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/13/18/province-of-china-banners-a-form-of-creative-protest-former-solgen-says|accessdate=November 25, 2018|work=ABS-CBN News|date=July 13, 2018}}</ref> == Na Cambodia == <ref>{{Cite news|author=Udom|first=Jay|title=Fact Check: A Red Banner from the Philippines published by Cambodian after editing|url=https://cambodia.factcrescendo.com/english/a-red-banner-printed-with-texts-welcomed-to-the-cambodia-province-of-china/|accessdate=2 May 2025|work=Fact Crescendo Cambodia English|date=27 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604020748/https://cambodia.factcrescendo.com/english/a-red-banner-printed-with-texts-welcomed-to-the-cambodia-province-of-china/|archive-date=4 June 2023|url-status=dead}}</ref>N'ọnwa Febụwarị 2021 n'oge emume Afọ Ọhụrụ nke ọnwa, agbasara foto ọkọlọtọ na Facebook wee gbanwee ederede ka ọ gụọ "Nnọọ na Cambodia - Province nke China". Nke a bụ eziokwu nke Fact Crescendo cross nyochara onyonyo nke ọkọlọtọ mbụ na Metro Manila dị ka ndị Deutsche Welle na The Philippine Star si kọọ na mbụ na 2018. == Edemsibia == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] qa4epjtjzktm7xlij5xyrq9a2rysvzq 0 65655 729919 452402 2026-10-02T02:38:07Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729919 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Almut Gitter Jones''' (8 Septemba 1923 – 12 Ọktoba 2013) bụ onye German-American botanist, mycologist, na onye taxonomist osisi ama ama maka ọrụ ya na-enyocha genus Aster, yana maka ọrụ ya dị ka onye nlekọta nke herbarium na Mahadum Illinois'''.'''.   A mụrụ Jones Almut Gitter na Oldenburg nye Alfred na Emma (née Eickhorst) Gitter. Ọ lụrụ onye na-akụ osisi George Neville Jones na Urbana, Illinois na 1958. Ọ nwụrụ na Urbana, Illinois. Ọ kọwara ihe karịrị ụdị iri ise, na ụdị ''Almutaster'' nke ezinụlọ Asteraceae ka akpọrọ aha ya na 1982. A na-eji mkpirisi ọkọlọtọ onye edemede AG Jones egosi onye a dị ka onye edemede mgbe ọ na-ezo aka na aha botanical.[5]  [[Faịlụ:2019.09.07_10.33.12_IMG_4488.jpg|thumb|''''Almutaster'' pauciflorus'', Utah Lake Wetland Preserve nso Goshen, Utah County, Utah. A gụrụ otu ụdị Almutaster aha Jones.]] == Edemsibia == {{Reflist|refs=<ref name=obit> {{Cite news | date = 17 June 2019 | orig-date = 23 October 2013 | title = Almut Jones | url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211015122711/https://www.news-gazette.com/obituaries/almut-jones/article_be8b7fa4-b348-58eb-8c54-6f3e3503e321.html | work = The News-Gazette (Champaign, Illinois) (www.news-gazette.com) | publisher = Community Media Group (CMG) | location = Frankfort, Illinois | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211015122711/https://www.news-gazette.com/obituaries/almut-jones/article_be8b7fa4-b348-58eb-8c54-6f3e3503e321.html | archive-date = 15 October 2021 | access-date = 15 October 2021 | quote = During her career, she held various positions in plant biology, ultimately becoming curator of the UI Herbarium, a position she held until her retirement. Her field of research centered on the plant genus, Aster. She published many papers about the systematics of this large, complicated group of species and was recognized nationally and internationally as an authority on Aster. oqrpozxzvrastyogwpbhf90x6z1ortt 0 67253 729921 516903 2026-10-02T03:20:16Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729921 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Reflist}} Aimable Manirakiza bụ onye guzobere na onye isi nchịkwa nke Centre for Development and Enterprises Great Lakes, na ụlọ ọrụ na-eche echiche na-arụ ọrụ na [[Burundi]], [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], na [[Rwanda]]. N'afọ 2015, mgbe onyeisiala Burundi chọrọ ọchịchị nke atọ iwu na-akwadoghị, Manirakiza sonyeere ngagharị iwe udo. Otú ọ dị, ndị agha gọọmentị meriri ngagharị iwe ahụ ma manye ya ịgbapụ na Burundi. Mgbe ọ ka nọ na Kenya, Manirakiza zutere Atlas Network ma webata ya na echiche nnwere onwe ahịa. N'afọ 2017, ọ laghachiri Burundi wee guzobe cde nnukwu ọdọ mmiri, na-emetụta ndị omebe iwu mba ahụ. N'afọ 2020, Manirakiza meriri Africa nnwere onwe. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.libertyconafrica.com/speakers/aimable-manirakiza/|title=Aimable Manirakiza|work=Libertycon Africa|accessdate=2023-06-10|archivedate=2024-07-23|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240723143539/https://www.libertyconafrica.com/speakers/aimable-manirakiza/}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.africanliberty.org/2018/02/19/libertycon-2018-awards-nominations-full-list/|title=LibertyCon 2018 Awards Nominations|work=African Liberty|access-date=2025-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240716193136/https://www.africanliberty.org/2018/02/19/libertycon-2018-awards-nominations-full-list/|archive-date=2024-07-16|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abpinfos.com/the-cde-great-lakes-has-trained-more-than-twenty-young-people-in-blogging|title=THE CDE GREAT LAKES HAS TRAINED MORE THAN TWENTY YOUNG PEOPLE IN BLOGGING|work=ABP}}</ref> == Edemsibịa == {{Reflist}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] fuf7a1el0hg0l95au57jq7u8c32x46r 0 72949 729935 596459 2026-10-02T06:00:11Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 6 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729935 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Arich Anpin''' or '''Arikh Anpin''' (Aramaic: אריך אנפין meaning "Long Face/Extended Countenance"<ref name="Green2004">{{Cite book|author=Green|first=Arthur|title=A Guide to the Zohar|url=https://archive.org/details/a-guide-to-the-zohar-arthur-green-2003/mode/2up|publisher=[[Stanford University Press]]|year=2004|isbn=0-8047-4908-6}}</ref>: 154  (also implying "The Infinitely Patient One"<ref name="arich" /> is an aspect of Divine emanation in Kabbalah, identified with the sephirah attribute of keter, the Divine Will. It is one of the five (or six<ref name="Kab">{{Cite book|author=Ginsburgh|first=Rabbi Yitzchak|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_VGQtuj1E2MC|title=What you need to know about Kabbalah|date=2006|publisher=Gal Einai|location=Jerusalem|isbn=965-7146-119|edition=1st}}</ref>: 117–118 ) partzufim described in the Idrot.<ref name="Green2004" />: 153–154  Ihe osise Zohar na-akọwa ọrụ ya na Okike, ebe ọ bụ ihe nhata macroscopic nke Zeir Anpin (Microprosopus) na osisi sephirotic nke ndụ. Na ozizi Lurianic nke narị afọ nke 16, ọ na-aghọ otu n'ime ihu chi isii nke partzufim,[1]: 155  dịka akụkụ nke usoro nhazi nke tikkun. Atụmatụ Lurianic na-agbanwe usoro nhazi nke ike ndụ nke Medieval-Kabbalistic dị larịị na Okike ka ọ bụrụ usoro dị iche iche nke itinye aka, dịka itinye mkpụrụ obi n'ime ahụ dị ala. N'ụzọ dị otu a, a na-ekwu na Partzuf Arich Anpin na-agbadata kpamkpam site na ọkwa niile nke Okike dị ka ihe nzuzo ha zoro ezo ebumnuche Chineke, ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-aga n'ihu na-ezochi onwe ya. A na-akọwa akụkụ ya dị n'ime dị ka akụkụ ya, ma ọ bụ nke karịrị ya, Atik Yomin ("Onye Ochie nke Ụbọchị"), nke na-anọchi anya Obi ụtọ Chineke, "Will of Wills / Primary Will", ihe kachasị mma maka Okike. == Ụdị ''Partzufim'' abụọ na isi ''Reishin'' atọ na ''Keter''-Crown == The sefirah of Keter (above-conscious Divine "Crown") develops into two Partzufim (Configurations): Arich Anpin, its outer extending ''Ratzon'' (Will), and Atik Yomin ("Ancient of Days"), its inner motivating Divine ''Taanug'' (Delight). As man is seen as "made in the Divine image", Divinity is perceived through psychological awareness of the Divine Kochos HaNefesh (Human Soul Powers) articulated in Hasidic thought. Na Kabbalah a na-enyocha ọrụ nke sephirot na partzufim n'ịmepụta Okike. Sefirot 7 dị ala nke Zeir Anpin dị n'ime Arich Anpin, dịka obi ụtọ dị mkpa nke Chineke na-akpali Will to Create.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inner.org/worlds/reshadlo.htm|title=Basics in Kabbalah and Chassidut: Resha D'Lo Ityada–Radla|work=www.inner.org|date=January 27, 2014|access-date=March 3, 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250312065754/https://inner.org/worlds/reshadlo.htm|archive-date=March 12, 2025|url-status=dead}}</ref> 3 elu ọgụgụ isi sefirot nke Atik Yomin, na-agafe Arich Anpin, bụ isi iyi Chineke nke Emunah (Okwukwe) site na ịdị n'otu dị mkpa na isi nke mkpụrụ obi. N'ozuzu, ọkwa atọ, nke sitere na mkpuchi nke Partzufim abụọ nke Keter, mejupụtara Reishin atọ (Ndị isi) nke Keter. Usoro mgbazi Lurianic Tikun nke ụwa nke Atzilut na-amalite na Keter-"Crown". Okpueze nke ụwa bụ "isi" ya dị mkpa nke Zohar na-ekwu n'otu aka ahụ, "Mgbe a na-edozi isi / onye ndú nke ndị mmadụ, a na-emezi ndị mmadụ niile". Isi atọ nke Keter na Atzilut: <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inner.org/worlds/parketer.htm|title=Basics in Kabbalah and Chassidut: Partzufei Ha'Keter|work=www.inner.org|date=January 29, 2014|access-date=March 3, 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250820004439/http://inner.org/worlds/parketer.htm|archive-date=August 20, 2025|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Reisha d'lo Ityada, acronym RADL"A, ("Isi A Na-amaghị Ama"), Ịdị n'otu isi iyi nke okwukwe dị mkpa * Reisha d'Ayin ("Onye isi nke Ihe Na-enweghị Ihe"-Ayin), isi iyi nke mkpali dị n'ime nke obi ụtọ na-amaghị ama * Reisha d'Arich ("Extended/Infinite Head"), na-eduga Arich Anpin, mgbatị na-agbadata n'èzí nke Will Amamihe nke Ụwa nke Atziluth-Emanation, nke kachasị elu n'ime Ụwa Anọ ahụ, ka na-emebi kpamkpam n'ime isi iyi ya dị nsọ, na-aghọtaghị ịdị adị nke onwe ya. Ọ bụ naanị n'ime Ụwa atọ dị ala ka okike na-enwe mmetụta na-aga n'ihu nke nnwere onwe site na Chineke. Ebe okike dị ala na-aghọta ọtụtụ n'ime chi, Atzilut na-aghọ naanị ịdị n'otu chi zuru oke. N'ihi ya, mkpughe ọ bụla nke Chi n'ọtụtụ: 10 Sephirot, 12 Partzufim, ụdị 2 nke Ìhè Chineke, 2 Partzufim na 3 Isi na Keter, mkpụrụedemede 4 nke Tetragrammaton, ọkwa 5 nke mkpụrụ obi, 13 Attributes of Mercy wdg bụ naanị ọhụụ doro anya site n'okpuru. N'eziokwu, Divinity na-ekpughe onwe ya site na ọnụọgụ ọ bụla, ka ọ na-ejigide Omnipresence site n'echiche nke ịdị n'otu Chineke. Mgbe Tzimtzum pụtara nke Divine Withdrawal, mgbe Okike nwetara echiche nke ya, Divinity nwere ike ịpụta site na ọtụtụ. Ụdị niile dị otú ahụ mgbe a chọtara ha na isi iyi ha n'ìhè na-enweghị njedebe nke Chineke tupu Tzimtzum, laghachi n'ọnọdụ ha nke ịdị n'otu zuru oke.<ref name="mono1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.inner.org/monothei/mono1.htm|title=Jew and Non-Jews: Multi-Manifestations of the One God|work=www.inner.org|date=January 16, 2014|access-date=March 3, 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251213135947/https://inner.org/monothei/mono1.htm|archive-date=December 13, 2025|url-status=dead}}</ref> Kabbalah na-ekwusi ike ugboro ugboro na ọ dị mkpa iwepụ ihe atụ anthropomorphic ya site na ihe ọ bụla na-abụghị eziokwu, nke anụ ahụ. Dị ka Kabbalah na Okwukwe ndị Juu si kwuo, Chineke bụ otu n'ezie. Enweghị duality ma ọ bụ plurality n'ime Ya n'ụdị ọ bụla.<ref name="mono1" /> A na-ekwusi ike na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti Chineke na àgwà Ya na ngalaba Zohar Patach Eliyahu, "Ị bụ Otu, mana ọ bụghị n'ọnụ ọgụgụ... Ihe niile bụ igosi etu ị si edu ụwa, mana ọ bụ na ị nwere... ihe ọ bụla n'ime àgwà ndị a. " Na Kabbalah, a na-ewere nghọta dị mgbagwoju anya nke ịdị n'otu Chineke zuru oke n'ime ọtụtụ, ịma nke Atzilut, dị ka ihe a mụrụ n'amaghị ama nye mkpụrụ obi Izrel, nke gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na Atzilut.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inner.org/monothei/mono2.htm|title=Jew and Non-Jews: Jewish Consciousness from the World of Atzilut|work=www.inner.org|date=30 January 2014|access-date=3 March 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251214001234/https://inner.org/monothei/mono2.htm|archive-date=14 December 2025|url-status=dead}}</ref> A na-ebuli mkpụrụ obi nke Mba dị iche iche elu na nghọta a site n'ịgbaso Iwu Noa 7 nke na-ejikọta ha na ịdị n'otu Chineke zuru oke na Torah ma pụọ n'echiche ọ bụla ụgha nke ikpere arụsị.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.inner.org/noahide/noach2.htm|title=Jew and Non-Jews: The Nature of the Soul|work=www.inner.org|date=13 April 2014|access-date=3 March 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251207051319/https://inner.org/noahide/noach2.htm|archive-date=7 December 2025|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Àgwà Iri na Atọ nke Ebere == Okwu Aramaic Arich Anpin sitere na okwu Hibru Erech Apaim ("iji nwayọ iwe" - n'ụzọ nkịtị "ogologo imi"), otu n'ime Atụmatụ Iri na Atọ nke Ebere edepụtara na Ọpụpụ 34:6-7.<ref name="arich">{{Cite web|url=https://www.inner.org/worlds/arich.htm|title=Basics in Kabbalah and Chassidut: Arich Anpin|work=www.inner.org|date=January 29, 2014}}</ref> Arich ("ogologo") na-egosi ndọtị na-enweghị njedebe nke uche Chineke na Okike, ebe "ogologo imi" na-egosikwa "ogologo ume" (nke megidere "ogologo iku ume"). Arich Anpin na-egosi ndọtị nke ndidi na ebere na-enweghị njedebe. A na-egosipụta ụkpụrụ iri na atọ nke ebere Chineke na Kabbalah site na akụkụ iri na atọ ya nke ''Dikna'' ("Afụ") nke Arich Anpin, nke ọ bụla bụ ọwa nke idozi (Tikunai Dikna) "Nku" nke afụ ọnụ ahụ na-anọchi anya Tzimtzum (Nkwụsị), ike mmadụ iji nweta ìhè na-enweghị njedebe nke Arich Ampin ka o wee nwee ike ịnata ya site na okike dị ala, na-enye ha ebere na-enweghị ngwụcha.<ref name="dikna">{{Cite web|url=https://www.inner.org/worlds/dikna.htm|title=Basics in Kabbalah and Chassidut: Dikna|work=www.inner.org|date=January 27, 2014|access-date=March 3, 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250312113224/https://inner.org/worlds/dikna.htm|archive-date=March 12, 2025|url-status=dead}}</ref> Nke asaa (nke dị n'etiti akụkụ) n'ime Àgwà Iri na Atọ nke Ebere (v'emet - "eziokwu" na ndepụta nke Kabbalah ), bụ "ọnụ / ihu" nke Arich Anpin na-ekpuchighị "ntutu"; ìhè nke Arich Ampin na-egbuke egbuke n'enweghị mgbochi.<ref name="dikna" /> "Eziokwu" na Iwu ndị Juu na Kabbalah na-egosi ịga n'ihu na-enweghị mmetụta nke mgbanwe. == ''Arich Anpin''-Long Face na ''Zeir Anpin''-Short Face == Dịka uche Chineke nke na-arụ ọrụ site na okike, Arich Anpin (Macroprosopus) na-arụ ọrụ dị ka mkpụrụ obi na-agbadata n'ime ma na-eduzi ọgụgụ isi na mmetụta uche nke Chineke. N'usoro dị obere n'otu oge ahụ, Zeir Anpin (Microprosopus) na-arụ ọrụ dị ka mkpughe nke Obi Ụtọ na Uche Chineke, site na Da'at (sephirah nke "Ihe Ọmụma", nke dị ala nke Keter) na ngosipụta mmetụta uche. Nke a na-aghọ mkpụrụ obi n'ime mmezu kachasị nke okike n'ime ihe omume, site na Nukvah ("Nwanyị" Partzuf nke Malchut). Ebe Keter na Daat bụ akụkụ abụọ nke otu ụkpụrụ ahụ, a na-edepụta ha n'otu ụzọ n'etiti ịgụta nke Sephirot iri, na-aghọ Da'at Elyon na Da'at Tachton (Ihe Ọmụma Dị Elu, zoro ezo na Ihe Ọmụma Dị Ala, kpughere). == Hụkwa == * Atik Yomin * Partzufim * Zeir Anpin == Ihe edeturu == {{Reflist}} == Ebe e si nweta ya == ''Mystical Concepts in Chassidism'', Jacob Immanuel Schochet, Kehot pub. Also printed as Appendix of Likutei Amarim-Tanya, Kehot. Chapter 8 etc. == Njikọ mpụga == [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] tsax5m4rhwbt9tesaes4eh1y1lhmikt 0 73289 729929 720887 2026-10-02T03:58:33Z CommonsDelinker 87 Removing [[:c:File:Yami_1965.jpg|Yami_1965.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Krd|Krd]] because: No license since 24 September 2026. 729929 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Faịlụ:Dharma ratna yami.jpg|thumb|Dharma ratna yami]]   '''Dharma Ratna Tuladhar''',nke a ma ama dị ka Dharma Ratna Yami (Nepali: धर्मरत्न यमी) bụ onye osote onye ozi gọọmentị Nepalese,onye na-eme ngagharị iwe na onye ode akwụkwọ asụsụ Newa<ref>{{Cite news|author=Shrestha|first=Manik Lal|title=Great 'Unassuming Heroines' Of Nepalese Revolution|url=http://www.gorkhapatra.org.np/gopa.detail.php?article_id=17547&cat_id=10|accessdate=27 February 2011|work=The Rising Nepal|archive-date=24 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724190144/http://www.gorkhapatra.org.np/gopa.detail.php?article_id=17547&cat_id=10|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mgbe ọ nọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ afọ iri na asatọ, ọ gbanwere aha nna ya site na Tuladhar gaa Yami (nke pụtara onye bi na Kathmandu na Nepal Bhasa) wee kọwaa onwe ya dị ka Newa. Ọ nọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ iji jikọta ma hazie obodo megide ndị ọchịchị Rana. == Ndụ mbido == A mụrụ Yami nye nna Bhawani Ratna, nwa onye ahịa azụmaahịa bara ọgaranya Late Ratna Das Tuladhar na nne Devi Maya Tuladhar na Asan Kamalachhi (Newar: कमलाछि), Kathmandu. Ya bụ ezinụlọ ndị ahịa bara ọgaranya nke e mere ka ha ghara inwe ego mgbe ọchịchị Rana weghaara ihe onwunwe ha. Yami gụrụ akwụkwọ n'ụlọ. N'afọ 1930, ọ gara Lhasa wee rụọ ọrụ n'ụlọ azụmahịa nke Dharma Man Tuladhar. Na Tibet, ọ zutere Mahapandit Rahul Sankrityayan; na n'okpuru mmetụta na mkpali ya, ọ mụrụ akwụkwọ na isiokwu dị iche iche wee malite ide onwe ya. [[B. R. Ambedkar]] bụ ezigbo enyi nke onye nwụrụ anwụ Dharma Ratna Yami. A na-akpọkarị ya dị ka onye isi ọbịa na mmemme Ambedkar na India. == Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ịtụ mkpọrọ == Mgbe ọ laghachiri Kathmandu n'afọ 1937, ọ sonyeere ndị na-akwado ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya megide Ọchịchị Rana ike Rana.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Shrestha|first=Manik Lal|title=Great 'Unassuming Heroines' Of Nepalese Revolution|url=http://www.gorkhapatra.org.np/gopa.detail.php?article_id=17547&cat_id=10|accessdate=27 February 2011|work=The Rising Nepal|archive-date=24 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724190144/http://www.gorkhapatra.org.np/gopa.detail.php?article_id=17547&cat_id=10|url-status=dead}}</ref> E jidere ya na 1940 ma maa ya ikpe ịga mkpọrọ afọ iri na asatọ ma weghara ihe onwunwe ya. Mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya mgbe ọ nọsịrị afọ ise, ọ lụrụ Heera Devi Kansakar. N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 1947, e jidere Yami na nwunye ya maka ịhazi nzukọ iji gosipụta Nnwere onwe India site na Britain. A tọhapụrụ nwunye Yami mgbe ụbọchị ole na ole gasịrị ma ya onwe ya nọgidere n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ọnwa isii ọzọ. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2025)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> N'afọ 1948, ọ ghọrọ onye guzobere otu Nepal Democratic Congress Party nke bụ maka ịkwatu ọchịchị Rana n'ụzọ ọ bụla, gụnyere nnupụisi. N'afọ 1950, ọ jikọtara ya na Nepali National Congress wee ghọọ Nepali Congress nke malitere ọgụ megide Ranas. E jidere Yami ọzọ o wee nọrọ ọnwa iri na isii n'ụlọ mkpọrọ. A tọhapụrụ ya na Febụwarị 1951 mgbe e wepụrụ ọchịchị Rana ma guzobe ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na Nepal.<ref>{{Cite web|editor=Savada|url=http://countrystudies.us/nepal/17.htm|title=The Return of the King|work=Nepal: A Country Study|publisher=Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress|year=1991|accessdate=8 March 2012}}</ref> N'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 1951, e guzobere gọọmentị mbụ na Nepal nke onye isi ala nkịtị duziri, Praịm Minista Matrika Prasad Koirala họpụtara Yami ka ọ bụrụ osote Minista Ọhịa. Dị ka Koirala si kwuo, a kpọbatara Yami n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ahụ site na nrụgide nke Eze Tribhuvan n'ihi ahụmịhe ya na Tibet na ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, nakwa na a ga-etinye onye si n'obodo Buddha nke Ndagwurugwu Kathmandu na ya.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Joshi|first=Bhuwan Lal|title=Democratic innovations in Nepal: a case study of political acculturation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MX22o4PJ3Q0C&q=dharma+ratna+yami&pg=PA95|accessdate=26 June 2013|year=1966|publisher=University of California Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Koirala|first=Matrika Prasad|title=Dharma Ratna Yami Smriti Grantha|date=August 1989|chapter=Swa. Dharma Ratna ra Ma: Ek Sansmaran [Late Dharma Ratna and Me: A Recollection]}}</ref> N'ịgbaso mgbanwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na 1960 mgbe e mebiri nzuko omeiwu ma machibido otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nepalicongress.org/files/introduction.php|title=Important Landmarks|publisher=nepalicongress.org|accessdate=27 February 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110208031552/http://www.nepalicongress.org/files/introduction.php|archivedate=8 February 2011}}</ref> a tụrụ ya mkpọrọ n'ụlọ ọnwa ole na ole na Shree Mahal. A họpụtara Yami na Rastriya Panchayat (ndị omeiwu) n'afọ 1962. <ref>{{Cite book|author=Shakya|first=Ratna Sundar|title=Svatantratā senānī Dharmaratna "Yami"|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L2mUAAAAIAAJ|accessdate=10 March 2013|year=1994|publisher=Bauddha Sangha Bhaktapur|location=Bhaktapur}}</ref> == Onye na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta ọha na eze == Yami bụ onye na-adịghị ekwenye n'ezoghị ọnụ ma na-agbagha ụkpụrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke oge ahụ dị ka enweghị ike imetụ aka. Ọ rịọrọ na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu ka ewepụ iwu ndị metụtara ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, mana a jụrụ aro ahụ.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Kisāna|first=Yāmabahādura|title=The Nepali Dalit Social Movement|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zmJuAAAAMAAJ&q=dharma+ratna+yami|accessdate=26 June 2013|year=2005|publisher=Legal Rights Protection Society|isbn=9789994635191}}</ref> N'afọ 1969, otu afọ nwunye ya nwụsịrị, ọ lụrụ nwanyị Bahun aha ya bụ Sabitri Devi Dahal. Ọ gorokwa otu nwanyị si n'òtù a na-akpọ obodo a na-apụghị imetụ aka ka ọ bụrụ osi nri na kichin ya, ihe a na-apụghị ichetụ n'echiche n'oge ahụ. Echiche ya siri ike na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị emeela ka ndị ọgbọ ya dị ka onye ozi ala ọzọ Fada Marshall D. Moran, SJ kọwaa ya dị ka mmadụ kachasị enye ihe ọmụma na ihe na-adọrọ mmasị na Kathmandu. Yami nwụrụ na Kathmandu na 1975 mgbe ọ dị afọ iri isii [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;''[[wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa|<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2025)">citation needed</span>]]''&#x5D;</sup> == Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara == Yami bụ onye odee na-asụ ọtụtụ asụsụ wee bipụta akwụkwọ 21 gụnyere akwụkwọ akụkọ, epics na anthology nke uri na Nepal Bhasa, Nepali, Bekee na Hindi. A tụrụ ya mkpọrọ n'ihi ihe o dere n'ihi na gọọmentị chọpụtara na ha na-agba ọchịchị mgba okpuru. === Nepal Bhasa === * ''Sandeyā Lisah'' (Newar) bụ akụkọ ifo banyere ịhụnanya a na-emezughị n'etiti Onye ahịa Newar na Lhasa na nwa agbọghọ Tibet. Yami dere ya mgbe ọ nọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ nke ugboro atọ na 1950, e bipụtakwara ya na 1952. Nsụgharị Nepali nke Durga Lal Shrestha pụtara na 2013 n'okpuru aha ''Lhasa Bolchhe'' . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://imagechannels.com/news/details/24833/PM-Claims-Formation-of-CJs-Govt-in-a-Few-Days|title=PM Claims 'Formation of CJ's Govt in a Few Days'|publisher=imagechannels.com|accessdate=2 March 2013|date=2013}}</ref> * ''Biswantarayā Machā Dān'' (transl. Biswantara na-enye ụmụ ya), akụkọ ifo dabere na Vessantara Jataka, akụkọ Buddha, nke e bipụtara na 1952. * ''Arhat Nanda'', epic, bipụtara na 1953. * ''Lithu'' ("Nwunye nke Abụọ"), akwụkwọ akụkọ, nke e bipụtara na 1958. * ''Bhrikuti'', akwụkwọ akụkọ dabeere n'akụkọ nke nwa eze nwanyị Nepalese nke narị afọ nke asaa aha ya bụ Bhrikuti nke lụrụ eze Tibet Songtsän Gampo. E nyere ya Shrestha Sirapa na 1959. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.guthi.net/guthi_news.php|title=List of authors honored by Shrestha Sirapa|accessdate=28 February 2011|date=27 April 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723141611/http://www.guthi.net/guthi_news.php|archivedate=23 July 2011}}</ref> * ''Ang Lhāmo'', akwụkwọ akụkọ nke na-akọ akụkọ banyere nwa agbọghọ Tibet aha ya bụ Ang Lhamo na ndabere nke ndị China banyere na Tibet na mbido afọ 1950. Gọọmentị Nepalese machibidoro mbipụta mbụ nke Pasa Muna bipụtara na 1970. Mbipụta nke abụọ pụtara na 1992, nke Paleswan Pithana, Kathmandu bipụtara. ;   === Nepali === * ''Jagatjyoti'', akụkọ ifo dabere na akụkọ ndụ Buddha. * ''Nepāl kā Kurā'', akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Nepal. * ''Bauddha Darshan ko Ruprekhā'', akwụkwọ gbasara nkà ihe ọmụma Buddha. * ''Gāndhi Gaurav'', akụkọ ihe mere eme == Edensibia == {{Reflist}}{{Nepali literature}} bn4e90g8gats8nq1ew8tuvqlv5l63ut 0 73619 729940 706202 2026-10-02T11:28:33Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729940 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Language|name=Tairona|familycolor=american|iso3=none|fam1=[[Chibchan languages|Chibchan]]|fam2=Arhuacan|states=[[Colombia]]|extinct=?}} '''Tairona''' bụ asụsụ Chibchan gbahapụrụ agbahapụ nke Colombia, akụkụ nke otu Arhuacan ma ndị Tairona na-asụbu ya.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Campbell|first=Lyle|title=American Indian languages: the historical linguistics of native America|url=https://archive.org/details/americanindianla0000camp|date=1997|publisher=Oxford university press|isbn=978-0-19-509427-5|series=Oxford studies in anthropological linguistics|location=New York Oxford|pages=[https://archive.org/details/americanindianla0000camp/page/404 404]}}</ref> A na-akọ na Ndị Kogi na-eji ya eme ihe dị ka asụsụ ememe.<ref>{{Citation |title=Atlas of the world's languages |date=1994 |editor-last=Moseley |editor-first=Christopher |access-date=<!--2025-10-14--> |place=London |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-01925-5 |editor2-last=Asher |editor2-first=R. E. |editor3-last=Tait |editor3-first=Mary}}</ref> A tụkwara aro ka ọ bụrụ nke asụsụ ndị ọzọ.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Mason|first=John Alden|url=https://etnolinguistica.wdfiles.com/local--files/hsai:vol6p157-317/vol6p157-317_mason.pdf|title=Handbook of South American Indians|date=1950|publisher=United States Government Printing Office|editor=Steward|pages=205|chapter=The languages of South American Indians|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260218145036/http://etnolinguistica.wdfiles.com/local--files/hsai%3Avol6p157-317/vol6p157-317_mason.pdf|archive-date=2026-02-18|access-date=2026-03-16|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Edensibia == {{Reflist}} nkrtpnqpgx83gjqmnp2tfg1qx5pzboa 0 75997 729933 674645 2026-10-02T05:15:09Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729933 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}}   '''Anne Fontaine''' (onye amụrụ '''Anne-Fontaine Sibertin-Blanc'''; 15 Julaị 1959) bụ Onye nduzi ihe nkiri Luxembourg, Onye edemede, na onye bụbu onye na-eme ihe nkiri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Anne Fontaine|url=https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/anne-fontaine/3030468706/|accessdate=2023-03-23|work=TVGuide.com|language=en}}</ref> Ọ bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na France.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Colman|first=David|date=2013-09-13|title=Upon Reflection, Anne Fontaine's Feminine Touch|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/15/fashion/upon-reflection-anne-fontaines-feminine-touch.html|accessdate=2023-03-23}}</ref> == Ndụ na ọrụ == A mụrụ Anne-Fontaine Sibertin-Blanc na Luxembourg, nwanne onye ome ihe nkiri Jean-Chrétien Sibertin-Blanc, ọ gara biri na Lisbon mgbe ọ dị obere., ebe nna ya, Antoine Sibertin -Blanc, bụ prọfesọ egwu na onye na-akpọ ụbọ akwara na katidral. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, ọ kwagara Paris ma soro Joseph Russillo zụọ ịgba egwú mgbe ọ na-aga n'ihu na agụmakwụkwọ ya, gụnyere nkà ihe ọmụma. ka ọ na-aga n'ihu n'agụmakwụkwọ ya, gụnyere nkà ihe ọmụma. Di ya bụ Philippe Carcassonne, onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri, ha nwekwara nwa nwoke e ji aka ya kpọchie, Tienne, onye a mụrụ na Cambodia. Mgbe ọ ka na-agba egwú, Robert Hossein họọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ Esmeralda na mmepụta ihe nkiri nke 1980 nke The Hunchback of Notre-Dame N'oge a, amalitere iji aha Anne Fontaine eme ihe. Ọ gara n'ihu na-eme ihe nkiri ma bụrụ onye a ma ama maka ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri ọchị dịka Si ma gueule vous plaît... (1981) na P.R.O.F.S. (1985). Ohere ịbụ osote onye nduzi bịara na mbipụta nke Louis-Ferdinand Céline's Journey to the End of the Night na Renaud-Barrault theatre nke afọ 1986. Ọrụ mbụ Fontaine dị ka onye nduzi naanị ya, Les Histoires d'amour finissent mal... ''n'ozuzu'' (Love Affairs Usually End Badly), meriri Prix Jean Vigo nke afọ 1993. N'afọ 1995, ya na nwanne ya nwoke rụkọrọ ọrụ na ihe nkiri ''Augustine'' . Afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, o dere ma duzie ihe ịga nke ọma Dry Cleaning (Nettoyage à Sec). Ọ meriri ihe nrite Best Screenplay na 1997 Venice Film Festival ma a na-ewere ya dị ka ihe dị ịrịba ama n'ụzọ Fontaine si ghọọ "onye dị mkpa na ihe nkiri French nke oge a". N'afọ 1999, onye Augustin (Jean-Chrétien Sibertin-Blanc) pụtara ọzọ na ihe nkiri Fontaine bụ Augustin, King of Kung-Fu . A tọhapụrụ How I Killed My Father na 2001, na ''Nathalie...'' sochiri na 2003. A kọwara ihe nkiri nke afọ 2005, Entre ses mains n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali: "ihe na-akpata obi" dịka Fontaine n'onwe ya si kwuo. E wepụtara ihe nkiri nke atọ nke Augustin, Nouvelle chance (nke a makwaara dị ka ''Oh La La'') na 2006. Mgbe ahụ bịara The Girl From Monaco na 2008 na Coco Before Chanel, ihe nkiri ndụ ya nke Coco Chanel, na 2009. A naghị akọwa ọrụ Fontaine n'ụzọ dị mfe, ọ bụ ezie na a na-ejikarị okwu ahụ bụ "ihe nkiri uche". Ọ gwara akwụkwọ akụkọ UK, "Ana m agbalị ịrụ ọrụ n'akụkụ ndị m na-adịghị ahụ anya, n'ụdị Freudian: ịjụ, 'Gịnị bụ ihe gbasara onwe ha ha ha ha na-amaghị?' Enwere m mmasị na irony nke akara aka, mgbe ihe na-abanye n'ime ihe. Akụkọ m niile nwere ihe obi ọjọọ na ha. " Ọ bụ ezie na ọ maara na mmegharị nke "ihe nkiri ụmụ nwanyị" rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ihe megidere usoro Hollywood oge ochie, Fontaine achọghị ịghọta nke a. N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Eve-Laure Moros na 1998, o kwuru, sị: "Ọ bụrụ na ndị mmadụ ekwuo na 'Nettoyage a sec' bụ ihe nkiri ụmụ nwanyị, ọ tụrụ m n'anya nke ukwuu, amaghị m ihe nke ahụ pụtara... Echere m na ịbụ onye na-eme fim, n'ihe gbasara mmekọahụ, ọ bụ ihe na-eme ka mmadụ ghara inwe mmekọahụ. Ya bụ, ị na-aghọ ihe dị iche, mgbe ị na-eduzi ihe nkiri --- n'oge ịse ihe nkiri ahụ, ị ​​bụghị nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị, ị bụ n'ezie ihe dị iche ma nwee mgbagwoju anya."<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ritterbusch|first=Rachel|year=2008|title=Anne Fontaine and Contemporary Women's Cinema in France.|journal=Rocky Mountain Review|volume=62|pages=68–81}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == '''Ihe nkiri''' {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha ya ! width="65" |Onye nduzi ! width="65" |Onye edemede !Ihe edeturu !Ihe mgbochi. |- |1993 |''Akụkọ ịhụnanya na-emebi emebi. n'ozuzu''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | | |- |1995 |''Augustine''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | | |- | rowspan="2" |1997 |''A ga-eweghachi@mour''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} |Akụkụ: Tapin nke mgbede''Ihe nkiri nke mgbede'' | |- |''Ịsacha Mmiri''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | |<ref>{{Cite web|date=1999-03-26|title=Hidden Desires Unfold in Mesmerizing 'Dry Cleaning'|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-mar-26-ca-21071-story.html|accessdate=2023-03-23|work=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Stratton|first=David|date=1997-10-19|title=Dry Cleaning|url=https://variety.com/1997/film/reviews/dry-cleaning-1200451451/|accessdate=2023-03-23|work=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |1999 |''Augustine, Eze nke Kung-Fu''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | | |- |2001 |''Otu M si gbuo Nna m''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | |<ref>{{Cite web|author=O'Hehir|first=Andrew|date=2002-08-31|title="How I Killed My Father"|url=https://www.salon.com/2002/08/30/i_killed_father/|accessdate=2023-03-23|work=Salon|language=en}}</ref> |- |2003 |''Nathalie...''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | |<ref>{{Cite news|author=Gates|first=Anita|date=2006-04-14|title=French Star Power and Sex in Anne Fontaine's 'Nathalie'|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/14/movies/french-star-power-and-sex-in-anne-fontaines-nathalie.html|accessdate=2023-03-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Elley|first=Derek|date=2003-10-01|title=Nathalie . . .|url=https://variety.com/2003/film/reviews/nathalie-1200538904/|accessdate=2023-03-23|work=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2005 |''N'aka ya''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | | |- |2006 |''Oh La La!''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | | |- |2008 |''Nwa agbọghọ si Monaco''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Elley|first=Derek|date=2008-08-14|title=The Girl From Monaco|url=https://variety.com/2008/film/reviews/the-girl-from-monaco-1200507761/|accessdate=2023-03-23|work=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2009 |''Akị bekee tupu Chanel''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | |<ref>{{Cite web|author=September 23|first=Lisa Schwarzbaum Updated|title=Coco Before Chanel|url=https://ew.com/article/2009/09/23/coco-chanel/|accessdate=2023-03-23|work=EW.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Morris|first=Wesley|date=2009-10-02|title=Coco Before Chanel|work=Boston.com|url=http://archive.boston.com/ae/movies/articles/2009/10/02/coco_has_fashion_but_lacks_real_passion/|accessdate=2023-03-23}}</ref> |- |2011 |''Nrọ Kasị njọ m''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | | |- |2013 |''Nne Abụọ''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | |<ref>{{Cite news|author=Wise|first=Damon|date=2013-01-21|title=Sundance film festival 2013: Two Mothers – first look review|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2013/jan/21/sundance-film-festival-2013-two-mothers|accessdate=2023-03-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Ebiri|first=Bilge|title=Ebiri on Adore: Two Hot Mothers, Two Hot Sons, Sexy Time|url=https://www.vulture.com/2013/09/movie-review-adore.html|accessdate=2023-03-23|work=Vulture|date=6 September 2013|language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Scott|first=A. O.|date=2013-09-05|title=A Valentine for One, a Mother's Day Card for Another|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/06/movies/adore-gives-young-lovers-to-robin-wright-and-naomi-watts.html|accessdate=2023-03-23}}</ref> |- |2014 |''Gemma Bovery''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Williams|first=Joe|title=Flaubert gets a meta-movie makeover in 'Gemma Bovery'|url=https://www.stltoday.com/entertainment/movies/reviews/flaubert-gets-a-meta-movie-makeover-in-gemma-bovery/article_b7dc1ba6-f1ea-52e3-be75-87b841bf8d2c.html|accessdate=2023-03-23|work=STLtoday.com|date=9 July 2015|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515064150/https://www.stltoday.com/entertainment/movies/reviews/flaubert-gets-a-meta-movie-makeover-in-gemma-bovery/article_b7dc1ba6-f1ea-52e3-be75-87b841bf8d2c.html|archive-date=2023-05-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |2016 |''Ndị Aka ha Dị Aka Ike''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Chang|first=Justin|date=2016-01-31|title=Film Review: 'The Innocents'|url=https://variety.com/2016/film/festivals/agnus-dei-review-sundance-1201693312/|accessdate=2023-03-23|work=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Bradshaw|first=Peter|date=2016-11-10|title=The Innocents review – a fervent drama about a wartime tragedy|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/nov/10/the-innocents-review-anne-fontaine-rape-nuns|accessdate=2023-03-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Holden|first=Stephen|date=2016-06-30|title=Review: In 'The Innocents,' Not Even Nuns Are Spared War Horrors|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/01/movies/review-in-the-innocents-not-even-nuns-are-spared-war-horrors.html|accessdate=2023-03-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-06-30|title=Review: 'The Innocents' strikingly tells of what befell a convent victimized during WWII|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-innocents-review-20160627-snap-story.html|accessdate=2023-03-23|work=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2017 |''Ịmepụta Marvin ọzọ''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | |<ref>{{Cite web|author=Lodge|first=Guy|date=2017-09-03|title=Venice Film Review: 'Reinventing Marvin'|url=https://variety.com/2017/film/reviews/reinventing-marvin-review-1202545874/|accessdate=2023-03-23|work=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2019 |''Ọcha Dị ka Snow''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | |<ref>{{Cite news|author=Kennedy|first=Lisa|date=2021-08-12|title='White as Snow' Review: The Fairest of Them All|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/12/movies/white-as-snow-review.html|accessdate=2023-03-23}}</ref> |- |2020 |''Mgbanwe abalị''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | | |- |2021 |''Ndị isi ala''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | | |- |2024 |''Bolero''| {{yes}}| {{yes}} | |<ref name="bol:variety">{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2024/film/global/coco-before-chanel-anne-fontaine-bolero-1235890253/|title='Coco Before Chanel' Director Anne Fontaine Celebrates Premiere of 'Boléro,' Teases New Project About Popular Music (EXCLUSIVE)|author=Marta Balaga|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=29 January 2024|accessdate=27 February 2024|language=en}}</ref> |} '''Ọrụ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri''' {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu |- | rowspan="2" |1980 |''Ihe Omimi nke Paris'' |Sara |Obere ihe nkiri TV |- |''Ụmụnne nne dị nro'' |Justine | |- |1981 |''Ọ bụrụ na ị chọrọ ka m kwuo ya.'' |Isabelle | |- |1982 |''Igwefoto nke mbụ'' |Alba |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1984 |''Dọkịta Dị Iche Ike Cornelius'' |Andrée de Maubreuil |Obere ihe nkiri TV |- | rowspan="2" |1985 |''N'etiti nwamba na anụ ọhịa wolf'' |Carole Lambert |Ihe nkiri TV |- |''P.R.O.F.S.'' |Marite | |- |1986 |''Nnukwu họtel'' |Marite |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1987 |''Ụmụaka na White Whale'' |Claudine |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1988 |''Map e bipụtara n'akwụkwọ akụkọ'' |Pauline |Obere ihe nkiri TV |- |1986–1990 |''Usoro ihe nkiri pink'' |Mathilde / Oriakụ Orlova |Ihe nkiri TV |- |1999 |''Enweghị ihe ihere'' |Nathalie | |} == Onyinye na nhọpụta == '''Ihe nrite BAFTA''' {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ụdị !Aha ya !Nsonaazụ |- |2009 |Ihe nkiri kacha mma Ọ bụghị n'asụsụ Bekee |''Akị bekee tupu Chanel''| {{Nom}} |} '''Ihe nrite nke Caesar''' {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ụdị !Aha ya !Nsonaazụ |- |1998 |Ihe nkiri kachasị mma ma ọ bụ Adaptation |''Ịsacha Mmiri''| {{Nom}} |- |2006 | rowspan="2" |Ntinye Akaebe Kasị Mma |''N'aka ya''| {{Nom}} |- |2010 |''Akị bekee tupu Chanel''| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |2017 |Ihe nkiri Kasị Mma | rowspan="3" |''Ndị Aka ha Dị Aka Ike''| {{Nom}} |- |Onye nduzi kacha mma| {{Nom}} |- |Ihe nkiri kachasị mma| {{Nom}} |} '''Emume ihe nkiri Venice''' {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ụdị !Aha ya !Nsonaazụ |- | rowspan="2" |1997 |Osella ọlaedo | rowspan="2" |''Ịsacha Mmiri''| {{Won}} |- |Ọdụm Ọlaedo| {{Nom}} |} '''Onyinye Ìhè''' {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ụdị !Aha ya !Nsonaazụ |- | rowspan="2" |2009 |Ihe nkiri Kasị Mma | rowspan="2" |''Akị bekee tupu Chanel''| {{Nom}} |- |Onye nduzi kacha mma| {{Nom}} |} '''Ihe nrite ndị ọzọ''' {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ihe nrite !Ụdị !Aha ya !Nsonaazụ |- |1993 | colspan="2" |Ihe nrite Jean Vigo |''Akụkọ ịhụnanya na-emebi emebi. n'ozuzu<br />''| {{Won}} |- |1995 |Emume ihe nkiri nke Cannes |Otu Ihe Na-ele Anya |''Augustine''| {{Nom}} |- |2001 |Emume ihe nkiri mba ụwa nke Locarno |Agụ owuru |''Otu M si gbuo Nna m''| {{Nom}} |- |2005 |Emume ihe nkiri San Sebastián |Akpụkpọ Ọlaedo |''N'aka ya''| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="2" |2009 |Ihe nrite ndị nkatọ na-ahọrọ |Ihe nkiri Kasị Mma nke Asụsụ Mba Ọzọ | rowspan="2" |''Akị bekee tupu Chanel''| {{Nom}} |- |Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ihe nkiri Europe |Ihe nrite Lux| {{Nom}} |- | rowspan="3" |2016 |Obodo nke Ìhè, Obodo nke Ndị Mmụọ Ozi |Ihe nrite nke ndị na-ege ntị | rowspan="3" |''Ndị Aka ha Dị Aka Ike''| {{Won}} |- |Emume ihe nkiri mba ụwa nke Norway |Ihe nrite Andreas| {{Won}} |- |Emume ihe nkiri mba ụwa nke Provincetown |Ihe nrite ndị na-ege ntị maka Akụkọ Kasị Mma| {{Won}} |- |} == Hụkwa == * Ndepụta nke ndị nduzi ihe nkiri na telivishọn nwanyị * Ndepụta ihe nkiri metụtara LGBT nke ụmụ nwanyị duziri == Edensibia == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga == <templatestyles src="Module:Side box/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Sister project/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Commons category|Anne Fontaine}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] ht67m44k2tzoxjay46u9qdqgmse1uby 0 76977 729882 688186 2026-10-01T18:34:49Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729882 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> {| class="infobox vcard" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" |Ụlọ Ọgwụ Ụmụaka Shoe4Africa |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader category" |Shoe4Africa |- | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |<mapframe zoom="13" align="center" frameless="1" height="200" width="250">[ {"properties":{"title":"Shoe4Africa Children's Hospital","fill-opacity":0.1,"stroke":"#525252","stroke-width":3,"fill":"#dbdbdb"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","ids":"Q18378355"}, {"properties":{"stroke-width":3,"stroke":"#525252","title":"Shoe4Africa Children's Hospital"},"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","ids":"Q18378355"}, {"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[35.28014,0.510175],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"marker-color":"#919090","title":"Shoe4Africa Children's Hospital","marker-symbol":"hospital"}} ]</mapframe><div class="infobox-caption"></div> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef; color: inherit;" |Ọdịdị ala |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ebe | class="infobox-data" |[[Eldoret]], [[Uasin Gishu County]], Kenya |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Njikọ | class="infobox-data" |<templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="geo-inline"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Shoe4Africa_Children%27s_Hospital&params=0.510175_N_35.28014_E_region:KEN_scale:2000_type:landmark <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">0°30′37′′N</span> <span class="longitude">35°16′49′′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">/&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x69;&#x62;&#x6F;&#x5F;&#x5F;&#x20;&#x1ECC;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;&#x20;&#x65;&#x7A;&#x69;&#x65;&#x20;&#x6E;&#x61;&#x20;&#x1ECD;&#x20;&#x62;&#x1EE5;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">0.510175°N 35.280140°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">0.510175; 35.280140</span></span></span>]</span></span><indicator name="coordinates"><span id="coordinates">[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: <templatestyles src="Module:Coordinates/styles.css"></templatestyles><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Shoe4Africa_Children%27s_Hospital&params=0.510175_N_35.28014_E_region:KEN_scale:2000_type:landmark <span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">0°30′37″N</span> <span class="longitude">35°16′49″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">0.510175°N 35.280140°E</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">0.510175; 35.280140</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span></indicator> |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef; color: inherit;" |Nhazi |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Usoro nlekọta</div> | class="infobox-data" |Ọrụ Ahụike Ọha |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ụdị | class="infobox-data category" |Ịkụzi ihe |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Mahadum jikọtara ya</div> | class="infobox-data" |Ụlọ Ọgwụ Ozizi na Ntụziaka Moi (MTRH) |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef; color: inherit;" |Ọrụ |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |<div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; ">Ngalaba mberede</div> | class="infobox-data" |Ee |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Àkwà | class="infobox-data" |200 |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ihe pụrụ iche | class="infobox-data" |Ụlọ ọgwụ ụmụaka |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef; color: inherit;" |Akụkọ ihe mere eme |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ntọala | class="infobox-data" |Ọgọst 12, 2015 |- ! colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef; color: inherit;" |Njikọ |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ | class="infobox-data" |<span class="url">[https://shoe4africa.org/our-hospital/ shoe4africa.org/ọgwụ anyị/]</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" |Ndepụta | class="infobox-data" |Ụlọ ọgwụ na Kenya |} [[Faịlụ:Early_Construction_Progress.jpg|thumb|Ọganihu Mbido nke Ihe owuwu]] <nowiki><b>ụlọ ọgwụ</b></nowiki> '''Ụmụaka Shoe4Africa''' bụ ụlọ ọgwụ ọha na eze maka ụmụaka na Eldoret, Kenya. E wuru ya na 2015. Ọ bụ ụlọ ọgwụ mbụ raara nye maka ụmụaka ọha na eze na East na Central Africa., <ref>{{Cite news|title=Shoe4Africa Children's Hospital|work=www.mtrh.go.ke/|url=https://www.mtrh.go.ke/?page_id=285|date=2020-02-13|accessdate=2020-02-13}}</ref> na nke abụọ na Sub-Saharan Africa, mgbe Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital na [[Cape Town]], nke e guzobere na 1956. Ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ bụ nnukwu ọrụ nke Shoe4Africa, ọrụ ebere dị na [[Nú Yọk|New York]] nke lekwasịrị anya na ahụike na agụmakwụkwọ n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka.<ref>{{Cite web|title=About Us|url=https://shoe4africa.org/who-are-we/|accessdate=2025-04-08|work=Shoe4Africa|language=en-US}}</ref> Ihe owuwu ya furu ihe dịka ijeri shilling abụọ nke Kenya ma jiri onyinye sitere n'aka ndị ama ama na mba ụwa, gụnyere Cristiano Ronaldo, Anthony Edwards, na Natalie Portman. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Charity to build Sh2 billion Eldoret children’s hospital|url=https://shoe4africa.org/web_archive/archive/s4a_00111.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814093046/https://shoe4africa.org/web_archive/archive/s4a_00111.pdf|archivedate=2021-08-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-05|title=Celebrities unite to build biggest children's public hospital in Africa|url=https://nation.africa/kenya/life-and-style/lifestyle/celebrities-unite-to-build-biggest-children-s-public-hospital-in-africa-996274|accessdate=2024-10-07|work=Nation|language=en}}</ref> Ụlọ Ọgwụ Ụmụaka Shoe4Africa na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ụlọ ọgwụ nkuzi na mmekorita ya na Mahadum Moi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Our Hospital|url=https://shoe4africa.org/our-hospital/|accessdate=2025-04-08|work=Shoe4Africa|language=en-US}}</ref> Ụlọọgwụ Moi Teaching and Referral, ụlọọgwụ mba nke abụọ kachasị ukwuu na Kenya, na-achịkwa ya, nke e wuru n'elu ala gọọmentị nwere.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-01-02|title=SHOE4AFRICA CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL|url=https://www.mtrh.go.ke/?page_id=285|accessdate=2025-01-02|work=Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Marie Buitendyk|title=Impact of free maternity services on outcomes related to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Kenya: a retrospective analysis|journal=BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth|date=2023-02-06|volume=23|issue=98|doi=10.1186/s12884-023-05381-3|pmid=36747137}}</ref> Ka ọ na-erule 2024, ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ na-agwọ ihe karịrị ndị ọrịa 430 na ndị na-abụghị ndị ọrịa kwa ụbọchị.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Our Hospital|url=https://shoe4africa.org/our-hospital/|accessdate=2025-01-06|work=Shoe4Africa|language=en-US}}</ref> == Ihe owuwu na mgbasawanye == Iwu ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ malitere na 2013 ma wuchaa ya na August 12, 2015. Ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ nwere àkwà 105 <ref>{{Cite news|author=Lay|first=Kelsey|date=29 January 2016|title=Shoe4Africa Improves Healthcare and Education for Kids|url=https://www.borgenmagazine.com/shoe4africa-reduces-poverty-through-health-awareness/|accessdate=5 November 2024|publisher=Borgen Magazine}}</ref> na mbido, na ego gbasaa ruo àkwà 150 site na 2018. <ref name=":0" /> Iwu ụlọ kichin a raara nye n'akụkụ ụlọ ọgwụ ụmụaka malitere na 2016 iji nye ndị ọrịa na-adịghị edozi ahụ. N'afọ 2018, a gbakwunyere ogige [[basketball]] maka ndị ọrịa na ụmụ akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụike.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2020-09-20|title=Keitany, Tanser offers Christmas gifts to hospitalised children, opens basketball court – DAILY SPORT|url=http://dailysport.co.ke/2018/12/24/keitany-tanser-offers-christmas-gifts-to-hospilised-children-opens-basketball-court/|accessdate=2024-11-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920081211/http://dailysport.co.ke/2018/12/24/keitany-tanser-offers-christmas-gifts-to-hospilised-children-opens-basketball-court/|archivedate=2020-09-20}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="">. 2020-09-20. Archived from on 20 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-22</span></span>.</cite></ref> Ọrụ ebere ahụ kwupụtara na oghere [[Footbọl|bọọlụ]] ga-eso iji nyere ụmụaka aka imezigharị, na Mee 2019, emeghe oghere bọl AstroTurf. Ka e mesịrị n'afọ ahụ, a gbakwunyere klas Kuunga Mkono n'ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ ọgwụ mbụ na Kenya nwere klas ụmụaka n'ime ụlọ ya. N'ihi mmụba a, Shoe4Africa kwupụtara na ọ gwọrọ onye ọrịa nke nde ya na 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nation.africa/kenya/sports/athletics/philanthropist-athletes-take-christmas-cheer-to-shoe4africa-kids--4054022/|title=Philanthropist, athletes take Christmas cheer to Shoe4Africa kids|date=December 13, 2022|work=nation.africa.com|author=Rotich|first=Bernard|accessdate=13 December 2022}}</ref> == Ihe owuwu ndị a haziri == [[Faịlụ:HarryJDyer.jpg|thumb]] Iwu nke Harry J. Dyer Burns Unit, ebe a na-eme atụmatụ maka ịgwọ ọkụ, malitere na Disemba 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-01-23|title=Construction in action|url=https://shoe4africa.org/construction-in-action/|accessdate=2025-05-14|work=Shoe4Africa|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250119040004/https://shoe4africa.org/construction-in-action/|archive-date=2025-01-19|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ọzọkwa, e bidoro iwu ụlọ ọgwụ ụmụaka Shoe4Africa Juli Anne Perry, ụlọ ọgwụ ụmụaka nwere ihe ndina 152 iji mee ka oghere dị n'ime ụlọ ọgwụ nwere ihe ndina 30 dịkwuo mma na Jenụwarị 2024. Mgbe emechara ya, ọ ga-adị n'akụkụ ụlọ ọrụ ụmụaka. == Edensibịa == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />{{Reflist}} [[Otú:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Otú:Articles with short description]] flbgk0sgg5ozat8lwpwdbf0ybri3646 0 77308 729827 671315 2026-10-01T13:23:03Z Chinwe23 66630 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365401244|Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Transport and Petroleum]]" 729827 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />'''Akwa Ibom Steeti N'oru iwu steeti gbasara njem na mmanu''' bụ ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị Naijiria nke na-ahụ maka ịhazi, na itinye n'ọrụ iwu steeti gbasara njem na mmanụ. == Ihe odide ==    k6iavhrjb2y7iq0cz7ygs6cfoacraa1 729834 729827 2026-10-01T13:32:36Z Chinwe23 66630 Created by translating the section "References" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365401244|Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Transport and Petroleum]]" 729834 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />'''Akwa Ibom Steeti N'oru iwu steeti gbasara njem na mmanu''' bụ ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị Naijiria nke na-ahụ maka ịhazi, na itinye n'ọrụ iwu steeti gbasara njem na mmanụ. == Ihe odide ==    == Nrụtụaka ==  <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />'''Akwa Ibom Steeti N'oru iwu steeti gbasara njem na mmanu''' bụ ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị Naijiria nke na-ahụ maka ịhazi, na itinye n'ọrụ iwu steeti gbasara njem na mmanụ. == Ihe odide == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  blhvgg7nttc43r789jnz21j77z0l494 0 77309 729860 729583 2026-10-01T15:50:55Z Micheal looks 66683 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1361828907|Monday Emoghavwe]]" 729860 wikitext text/x-wiki   moghavwe[lower-alpha 1] (amụrụ ya n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa aprel n'afọ 1963) bụ onye Naijiria ana-ebuli elu. Ọ nọchitere anya Naijiria na 1996 Summer Paralympics, na 1996 Summer Paralympcs na 2000 Summer Paralympics. O meriri ihe nrite ọla edo ugboro atọ: o ritere ihe nrite dika ego na Ihe omume 60 kilogram nke ụmụ nwoke na 1992 Summer Paralympics, ihe omume 60 kilogram nke ụmụ mmadụ na 1996 Summer Paralymptics na merie ihe nrite odo na ihe omume 67.5 kilogram nke ụmụ nwanyị na 2000 Summer Paralympcs.[1][2][3] O nwetakwara ihe nrite ọla edo n'oge 1995 All-Africa Games nke e mere na Harare, Zimbabwe.[3]Monday Emoghavwe[lower-alpha 1] (amụrụ ya n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa aprel n'afọ 1963) bụ onye Naijiria ana-ebuli elu. Ọ nọchitere anya Naijiria na 1996 Summer Paralympics, na 1996 Summer Paralympcs na 2000 Summer Paralympics. O meriri ihe nrite ọla edo ugboro atọ: o ritere ihe nrite dika ego na Ihe omume 60 kilogram nke ụmụ nwoke na 1992 Summer Paralympics, ihe omume 60 kilogram nke ụmụ mmadụ na 1996 Summer Paralymptics na merie ihe nrite odo na ihe omume 67.5 kilogram nke ụmụ nwanyị na 2000 Summer Paralympcs.[1][2][3] O nwetakwara ihe nrite ọla edo n'oge 1995 All-Africa Games nke e mere na Harare, Zimbabwe.[3].v Monday Emoghavwe (amụrụ ya n'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa aprel n'afọ 1963) bụ onye Naijiria ana-ebuli elu. Ọ nọchitere anya Naijiria na 1996 Summer Paralympics, na 1996 Summer Paralympcs na 2000 Summer Paralympics. O meriri ihe nrite ọla edo ugboro atọ: o ritere ihe nrite dika ego na Ihe omume 60 kilogram nke ụmụ nwoke na 1992 Summer Paralympics, ihe omume 60 kilogram nke ụmụ mmadụ na 1996 Summer Paralymptics na merie ihe nrite odo na ihe omume 67.5 kilogram nke ụmụ nwanyị na 2000 Summer Paralympcs. O nwetakwara ihe nrite ọla edo n'oge 1995 All-Africa Games nke e mere na Harare, Zimbabwe.<ref name="noc_honour" /> Emoghavwe na-ejekwa ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke Kọmitii Paralympic nke Naịjirịa. N'afọ 2018, ọ natara onyinye Distinguished Merit Award site na Kọmitii Olimpik nke Naịjirịa.<ref name="noc_honour" /> == Ihe edeturu == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] 67ujg4v3jeurq548tntfiigdk0dcz8r 0 77317 729794 671375 2026-10-01T12:31:50Z OKEKE VICTOR 66685 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1369325534|Bode Akindele]]" 729794 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> '''Chief Bode Akindele, OFR''' '''A mụrụ ya:''' June 2, 1933 '''Ebe a mụrụ ya:''' Ibadan, Naịjirịa '''Ọ nwụrụ:''' June 29, 2020 (afọ 87) '''Ebe ọ nwụrụ:''' Apapa, Lagos State, Naịjirịa '''Ọrụ ya:''' Onye isi oche nke Modandola Group na Fairgate Properties '''Ụmụ ya:''' Folake Coker '''Nne na nna ya:''' * Pa Joshua Laniyan Akindele * Rabiatu Adedigba '''Weebụsaịtị:''' www.modandolagroups.com Chief Bode Akindele {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Tunmise123-Bode Akindele.wav|Listen}} (2 June 1933 - 29 June 2020) bụ onye na-emepụta ihe na onye ọchụnta ego na Naijiria. Ọ bụ onye guzobere na onye isi oche nke Modandola Group, ụlọ ọrụ na-azụ ahịa n'ụgbọ mmiri, mmepụta, ala, ego, na ụlọ ọrụ na'ịkpụ ntụ ọka, nwere isi ụlọ ọrụ na [[Obodoézè Nà Ofú|United Kingdom]]. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Akindele na Ibadan, obodo dị na mpaghara ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]. Nna ya, Pa Joshua Laniyan Akindele, bụ Chief Tax Clerk maka Western Region. Nne ya, Rabiatu Adedigba, bụ onye ahịa bara ọgaranya ma nwee mmetụta si Ibadan. Ọ bụ nwanyị Ibadan mbụ gara Mecca maka njem ala nsọ. Ọ malitere agụmakwụkwọ ya na Olubi Memorial School, Ibadan, wee gaa Lisabi Grammar School, [[Abeokuta]] maka asambodo ụlọ akwụkwọ dị elu (HSC). Na mbụ, ya na ndị enyi ya tinyere akwụkwọ ịga Abeokuta Grammar School ma ọ bụ Baptist Boys High School, mana ekweghị ya n'ihi enweghị ike ịgafe ule aka. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ gara United Kingdom iji mụọ iwu. Akindele nwere mmasị ịmalite azụmahịa nke ya kama ịmụ ihe. O jiri ego e nyere ya maka ụlọ akwụkwọ na paspọtụ, zụta ígwè ịkwa akwa, nke o mechara ree na ezigbo uru. N'afọ 1952, ọ natara ọrụ mbụ a na-akwụ ụgwọ ya dị ka odeakwụkwọ nke osote onye isi distrikti ma mesịa ghọọ onye njikwa cadet na United Africa Company (UAC), ebe o mechara ruo n'ọkwa nke onye enyemaka nke onye njikwa mba ọzọ. Akindele hapụrụ United Africa Company maka Western Nigerian Union of Importers and Exporters . == Ọrụ azụmahịa == O nwere Fairgate Group, ụlọ ọrụ mba ụwa kachasị elu nke na-azụ ahịa na ụlọ na ihe onwunwe. O debanyere aha ụlọ ọrụ mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 20, na-eweta ma na-ere ngwaahịa n'ụwa niile, gụnyere ọgwụ, nke ọ zụtara n'ụlọ ọgwụ dị na Lagos. O mechara zụta ala na [[Agege]], mpaghara dị na [[Ȯra Lagos|Steeti Lagos]], wee wuo ụlọ nkwakọba ihe 80 ft (ihe dị ka 24 m) site na 350 ft (ihe dịka 101 m) ebe ọ na-echekwa ma na-agbakọta koko. &nbsp;&nbsp;O mechara bụrụ onye na-ahụ maka mbupu, ọ na-akwụ ụgwọ ụgbọ mmiri na London site na iji njikọ ụlọ akwụkwọ ochie na National Bank of Nigeria, nke meghere ụlọ ọrụ London na 1956, iji kwado azụmahịa ya. Akindele mere nnukwu azụmaahịa mbụ ya n'afọ 1993, mgbe ọ zụrụ ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta egwuregwu na Sweden, nke o mechara mechie, wee nweta ikike zuru oke nke ahịa egwuregwu zuru ụwa ọnụ, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye nchịkwa kachasị nke ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke egwuregwu ụwa. O nwekwara otu n'ime nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ụmụ amaala na Naijiria, nke a maara dị ka Modandola Group of Companies, nke na-arụ ọrụ na ngalaba dị iche iche dị ka imepụta ihe, ala, ụgbọ mmiri, na ọrụ ugbo. O guzobekwara Fairgate Group, ụlọ ọrụ mba ụwa kachasị elu, nke na-azụ ahịa na ala na ihe onwunwe ma nwee isi ụlọ ọrụ na Bond Street na [[London|London, England]]. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere ọtụtụ ihe onwunwe gafee mba ahụ, ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ ndị ụfọdụ ụlọ ahịa UK kachasị elu dị ka Asda, Walmart na Sainsbury na-akwụ ụgwọ ugbu a. == Ọnwụ == Akindele nwụrụ na Mọnde, June 29, 2020, n'ụlọ ya na [[Apapa]], Lagos mgbe ọ dị afọ 87. Chief Akindele ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ bụ parakoyi nke Ibadan . == Ihe odide == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> Adetayo, Olalekan (2020-06-30). “Buhari, Makinde, Olubadan na-eru uju maka ọnwụ onye nnukwu ọchụnta ego, Bode Akindele.” The Punch. Enwetara ya na 2023-07-25. “Ọ BỤ UGBUA: Onye nnukwu ọchụnta ego nke Ibadan, Bode Akindele, anwụọla.” The Nation. Lagos, Naịjirịa. 2020-06-29. Enwetara ya na 2020-06-30. “Onye nrụpụta ụlọ ọrụ a ma ama na Ibadan, Bode Akindele, anwụọla.” Premium Times. 2020-06-29. Enwetara ya na 2020-07-26. “Akụkọ ndụ Chief Bode Akindele.” Earlyface. Enwetara ya na 2020-06-30. “Parakoyi nke Ibadanland, Bode Akindele, anwụọla mgbe ọ dị afọ 87.” Independent. Lagos, Naịjirịa. Enwetara ya na 2020-06-30. “Bode Akindele: Ndụ ya nke oke akụnụba, obi mepere emepe na ogologo oge ọ nọ n’ọkwa.” This Day. 2019-01-27. Enwetara ya na 2020-06-30. abaidaboss (2020-06-29). “Chief Bode Akindele anwụọla.” Sequl Squid. Enwetara ya na 2020-07-04. “Onye nrụpụta ụlọ ọrụ a ma ama na Ibadan, Bode Akindele, anwụọla.” Premium Times. Enwetara ya na 2023-12-12. “Ikele maka Parakoyi nke Ibadanland, Bode Akindele.” This Day. Enwetara ya na 2025-09-29.{{DEFAULTSORT:Akindele, Bode}} [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] 8ys13bjrm5xid8cyxv2ox55qn4u4iby 729819 729794 2026-10-01T13:06:08Z Chijioke2010 62489 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1369325534|Bode Akindele]]" 729819 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css">e</templatestyles>  '''Chief Bode Akindele''' (2 Jenụwarị 1933 – 29 Juun 2020) bụ onye nrụpụta ụlọ ọrụ na nnukwu ọchụnta ego Naịjirịa. Ọ bụ onye guzobere ma bụrụkwa onye isi oche '''Modandola Group''', otu nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ nwere azụmahịa n’akụkụ '''ụgbọ mmiri na njem mmiri, nrụpụta ihe, ụlọ na ala, ọrụ ego, na igwe igwe na-egwe ọka'''. Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị na '''United Kingdom'''. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Akindele na Ibadan, obodo dị na mpaghara ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]. Nna ya, Pa Joshua Laniyan Akindele, bụ Chief Tax Clerk maka Western Region. Nne ya, Rabiatu Adedigba, bụ onye ahịa bara ọgaranya ma nwee mmetụta si Ibadan. Ọ bụ nwanyị Ibadan mbụ gara Mecca maka njem ala nsọ. Ọ malitere agụmakwụkwọ ya na '''Olubi Memorial School''' dị na '''Ibadan''', ma mesịa gaa '''Lisabi Grammar School''' dị na '''Abeokuta''', ebe ọ nwetara '''Higher School Certificate (HSC)'''. Na mbụ, ya na ndị enyi ya tinyere akwụkwọ ka ha gaa '''Abeokuta Grammar School''' ma ọ bụ '''Baptist Boys High School''', mana a jụrụ ya n’ihi na ọ dara '''ule ogwe aka (arm test)'''. Mgbe ọ gụchara agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ gara '''United Kingdom''' ka ọ mụọ iwu. Otú ọ dị, '''Akindele''' nwere mmasị ịmalite azụmahịa nke ya kama ịga n’ihu n’agụmakwụkwọ. O ji ego e nyere ya maka '''ụlọ akwụkwọ na paspọtụ''' zụta '''igwe ịkwa akwa''', nke o mechara ree ma nweta ezigbo uru. N'afọ 1952, ọ natara ọrụ mbụ a na-akwụ ụgwọ ya dị ka odeakwụkwọ nke osote onye isi distrikti ma mesịa ghọọ onye njikwa cadet na United Africa Company (UAC), ebe o mechara ruo n'ọkwa nke onye enyemaka nke onye njikwa mba ọzọ. Akindele hapụrụ United Africa Company maka Western Nigerian Union of Importers and Exporters . == Ọrụ azụmahịa == O nwere Fairgate Group, ụlọ ọrụ mba ụwa kachasị elu nke na-azụ ahịa na ụlọ na ihe onwunwe. O debanyere aha ụlọ ọrụ mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 20, na-eweta ma na-ere ngwaahịa n'ụwa niile, gụnyere ọgwụ, nke ọ zụtara n'ụlọ ọgwụ dị na Lagos. O mechara zụta ala na [[Agege]], mpaghara dị na [[Ȯra Lagos|Steeti Lagos]], wee wuo ụlọ nkwakọba ihe 80 ft (ihe dị ka 24 m) site na 350 ft (ihe dịka 101 m) ebe ọ na-echekwa ma na-agbakọta koko. &nbsp;&nbsp;O mechara bụrụ onye na-ahụ maka mbupu, ọ na-akwụ ụgwọ ụgbọ mmiri na London site na iji njikọ ụlọ akwụkwọ ochie na National Bank of Nigeria, nke meghere ụlọ ọrụ London na 1956, iji kwado azụmahịa ya. Akindele mere nnukwu azụmaahịa mbụ ya n'afọ 1993, mgbe ọ zụrụ ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta egwuregwu na Sweden, nke o mechara mechie, wee nweta ikike zuru oke nke ahịa egwuregwu zuru ụwa ọnụ, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye nchịkwa kachasị nke ihe karịrị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke egwuregwu ụwa. O nwekwara otu n'ime nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ụmụ amaala na Naijiria, nke a maara dị ka Modandola Group of Companies, nke na-arụ ọrụ na ngalaba dị iche iche dị ka imepụta ihe, ala, ụgbọ mmiri, na ọrụ ugbo. O guzobekwara Fairgate Group, ụlọ ọrụ mba ụwa kachasị elu, nke na-azụ ahịa na ala na ihe onwunwe ma nwee isi ụlọ ọrụ na Bond Street na [[London|London, England]]. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere ọtụtụ ihe onwunwe gafee mba ahụ, ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ ndị ụfọdụ ụlọ ahịa UK kachasị elu dị ka Asda, Walmart na Sainsbury na-akwụ ụgwọ ugbu a. == Ọnwụ == Akindele nwụrụ na Mọnde, June 29, 2020, n'ụlọ ya na [[Apapa]], Lagos mgbe ọ dị afọ 87. Chief Akindele ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ bụ parakoyi nke Ibadan . == Ihe odide == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Akindele, Bode}} [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] [[Otú:Ndị Naịjirịa bụ ndị isi oche ụlọ ọrụ]] [[Otú:Ndị ijeri ego Naịjirịa]] [[Otú:Ndị ọchụnta ego Naịjirịa na-arụ ọrụ n’ụlọ ọrụ nrụpụta]] [[Otú:Ndị ọchụnta ego Naịjirịa nke narị afọ nke 21]] [[Otú:Ndị ọchụnta ego Naịjirịa nke narị afọ nke 20]] [[Otú:Ndị ọchụnta ego Yoruba]] [[Otú:Ndị ọchụnta ego si Ibadan]] [[Otú:Ọnwụ ndị mere n’afọ 2020]] [[Otú:Ndị a mụrụ n’afọ 1933]] oiee2yyo2ok5y8hzvz0zhco74mw9h0z 0 77339 729843 708625 2026-10-01T14:36:55Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729843 wikitext text/x-wiki <gallery mode="packed" perrow="5" caption="Cichlid tribes in Lake Tanganyika (E = tribe endemic or near-endemic)"> Faịlụ:Bathybates_ferox.jpg|Bathybatini (E): ''Bathybates ferox'' is benthic and piscivorous, but the genus also includes pelagic species. The tribe is sometimes split in three, others being Hemibatini and Trematocarini<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Meyer|year=2015|title=Lake Tanganyika—A 'Melting Pot' of Ancient and Young Cichlid Lineages (Teleostei: Cichlidae)?|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=10|issue=7|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0125043|pmid=25928886}}</ref><ref name="Weiss2015">{{Cite journal|author=Weiss|year=2015|title=A tribal level phylogeny of Lake Tanganyika cichlid fishes based on a genomic multi-marker approach|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=83|pages=56–71|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2014.10.009|pmid=25433288}}</ref> Faịlụ:Benthochromis_tricoti.jpg|Benthochromini (E): ''[[Benthochromis horii]]'' was scientifically described in 2008, but has often been misidentifed as ''B. tricoti''<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Description of a new cichlid fish species of the genus Benthochromis (Perciformes: Cichlidae) from Lake Tanganyika|url=https://archive.org/details/journal-fish-biology_2008-02_72_3/page/603|author=Takahashi|journal=Journal of Fish Biology|volume=72|issue=3|pages=603–613|year=2008|doi=10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01727.x|first=T.}}</ref> Faịlụ:DKoehl_Boulengerochromis_microlepis.jpg|Boulengerochromini (E): ''Boulengerochromis microlepis'' is one of the world's largest cichlids<ref name="PracFishKeepLarge">{{Cite web|url=http://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/features/articles/the-10-biggest-cichlids|title=The 10 biggest cichlids|publisher=Practical Fishkeeping|date=13 June 2016|accessdate=17 March 2017|archivedate=20 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320052647/http://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/features/articles/the-10-biggest-cichlids}}</ref> and only member of its tribe<ref name="Weiss2015" /> Faịlụ:Cyphotilapia_frontosa2.jpg|Cyphotilapiini (E): ''Cyphotilapia frontosa'', one of only two similar species in the tribe<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Takahashi|first=T.|year=2003|title=New species of Cyphotilapia (Perciformes: Cichlidae) from Lake Tanganyika, Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_copeia_2003-12-04_4/page/n139|journal=Copeia|volume=2003|issue=4|pages=824–832|doi=10.1643/ia03-148.1}}</ref> Faịlụ:Kleinschuppiger_Kaerpflingsbuntbarsch_Cyprichromis_microlepidotus_Tierpark_Hellabrunn-1.jpg|Cyprichromini (E): ''Cyprichromis microlepidotus'' and other members of this tribe are open-water planktivores Faịlụ:Ophthalmotilapia_nasuta_Kipili.jpg|Ectodini (E): ''Ophthalmotilapia nasuta'' (male) is sexually dimorphic, males being more colorful with longer fins and nose<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ophthalmotilapia nasuta|work=Seriously Fish|url=https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/ophthalmotilapia-nasuta/|accessdate=2023-03-11|archivedate=11 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311162708/https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/ophthalmotilapia-nasuta/}}</ref> Faịlụ:Eretmodus-sp-kavala1.jpg|Eretmodini (E): ''Eretmodus cyanostictus'' lives near the bottom in the turbulent, coastal surf zone, like other members of its tribe<ref name="Smith1998" /> Faịlụ:Astatotilapia_burtoni.png|Haplochromini: ''Astatotilapia burtoni'' is one of the few Tanganyika species,<ref name="FishbaseList">{{Cite web|title=Species in the Tanganyika|url=https://www.fishbase.se/TrophicEco/FishEcoList.php?ve_code=4|accessdate=2023-03-11|work=www.fishbase.se|archivedate=11 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311162720/https://www.fishbase.se/TrophicEco/FishEcoList.php?ve_code=4}}</ref> unlike other [[Ọdọ Mmiri Ukwu Afrịka|African Great Lakes]] where most belong to this tribe<ref name="Lowe2009">{{Cite journal|author=Lowe-McConnell|first=R|year=2009|title=Fisheries and cichlid evolution in the African Great Lakes: progress and problems|journal=Freshwater Reviews|volume=2|issue=2|pages=131–151|doi=10.1608/frj-2.2.2}}</ref> Faịlụ:Schachbrett-Schlankcichlide.jpg|Lamprologini (E): ''Julidochromis marlieri'' is popular in the [[aquarium]] trade where members of the genus are known as "Julies"<ref>{{Cite web|title=Julidochromis marlieri (Marlier's Julie)|work=Seriously Fish|url=https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/julidochromis-marlieri/|accessdate=2023-03-11|archivedate=11 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311162711/https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/julidochromis-marlieri/}}</ref> Faịlụ:Gnathochromis_premaxillaris.jpg|Limnochromini (E): ''Gnathochromis permaxillaris'' is a zooplanktivore with an unusual protractile mouth Faịlụ:Perissodus_microlepis_juvenile_in_aquarium.jpg|Perissodini (E): ''Perissodus microlepis'', a specialized scale-eating species<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Stewart|first=T.A.|year=2010|title=Evolution of a unique predatory feeding apparatus: functional anatomy, development and a genetic locus for jaw laterality in Lake Tanganyika scale-eating cichlids|journal=BMC Biology|volume=8|issue=1|doi=10.1186/1741-7007-8-8|pmid=20102595}}</ref> Faịlụ:Oreochromis_tanganicae_(Günther).jpg|Tilapiini: ''Oreochromis tanganicae'' is one of the most common coastal species found in local fish markets Faịlụ:TropheusspRed200.jpg|Tropheini (E): ''Tropheus moorii'' ("red" Chimba morph) is highly variable and the taxonomy of some of the morphs is questionable<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Salzburger|year=2006|title=Colour-assortative mating among populations of Tropheus moorii, a cichlid fish from Lake Tanganyika, East Africa|journal=Proc Biol Sci|volume=273|issue=1584|pages=257–266|doi=10.1098/rspb.2005.3321|pmid=16543167}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Tropheus Genus Evolution|url=http://www.cichlidworld.eu/clanky/evolucia_tropheus_e.htm|accessdate=2023-03-11|work=Cichlid World|author=Robert Toman|date=2017|archivedate=19 September 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210919232102/http://www.cichlidworld.eu/clanky/evolucia_tropheus_e.htm}}</ref> </gallery><templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> [[Faịlụ:View_of_Kagongo_Ward.jpg|thumb|Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na Kagongo Ward, Kigoma Region, Tanzania]] '''Lake Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika''' (/ˌtæŋɡənˈjiːkə, -ɡæn-/ TANG-gən-YEE-kə, -⁠gan-; ) bụ otu n'ime Ọdọ Mmiri Ukwu nke Afrịka.Ọ bụ ọdọ mmiri dị ụtọ nke abụọ kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa n'ịtụle oke mmiri ọ nwere, ma bụrụkwa ọdọ mmiri nke abụọ kachasị omimi n'ụwa; n'ihe abụọ a, naanị Ọdọ Baikal dị na Siberia ka ọ karịrị ya. Ọ bụkwa ọdọ mmiri dị ụtọ kachasị ogologo n'ụwa. N'ịtụle obosara ya, ọ bụ ọdọ mmiri nke isii kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa.Ọdọ Tanganyika bụ nke mba anọ na-ekekọrịta, ya bụ Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Burundi, na Zambia. N'ime ndị a, Tanzania nwere ihe dị ka pasent 46 nke ọdọ ahụ, ebe DRC nwere ihe dị ka pasent 40, nke pụtara na mba abụọ a nwere akụkụ kachasị ukwuu nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ.Mmiri Ọdọ Tanganyika na-asọpụta site n'Osimiri Lukuga banye n'usoro Osimiri Congo, nke mechara wụsa mmiri ya n'Oké Osimiri Atlantic n'obodo Banana, na Democratic Republic of the Congo.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Burton|first=Richard Francis|editor=Richards|title=Burton and Lake Tanganyika|date=1965|publisher=East African Literature Bureau|location=Dar Es Salaam|oclc=180480726}}</ref> <ref name="zambiatour">{{Cite web|url=http://www.zambiatourism.com/destinations/lakes/lake-tanganyika|title=Lake Tanganyika|work=www.zambiatourism.com|accessdate=2008-03-14|archivedate=22 April 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150422001337/http://www.zambiatourism.com/destinations/lakes/lake-tanganyika}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|author=Lewis|first=R.|url=https://news.brown.edu/articles/2010/05/tanganyika|title=Brown Geologists Show Unprecedented Warming in Lake Tanganyika|publisher=Brown University|date=16 May 2010|accessdate=25 March 2017|archivedate=26 March 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326051107/https://news.brown.edu/articles/2010/05/tanganyika}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=World’s largest lakes {{!}} Description, Area, & Facts {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/worlds-largest-lakes-2228655|accessdate=2025-10-18|work=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref> == Ọdịdị ala == Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika bụ Ọdọ mmiri oge ochie, otu n'ime naanị iri abụọ karịrị otu nde afọ. Mmiri atọ ya, nke n'oge mmiri dị ala bụ ọdọ mmiri dị iche iche, nwere afọ dị iche iche. Ebe etiti malitere ịpụta 9-12 nde afọ gara aga (Mya), ugwu 7-8 Mya na ndịda 2-4 Mya.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Cohen|year=1993|title=Estimating the age of formation of lakes: An example from Lake Tanganyika, East African Rift system|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_geology_1993-06_21_6/page/511|journal=Geology|volume=21|issue=6|pages=511–514|doi=10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<0511:ETAOFO>2.3.CO;2}}</ref> Taa, Ọdọ Tanganyika dị n'ime Albertine Rift, nke bụ ngalaba ọdịda anyanwụ nke East African Rift, ma ugwu ndị gbara ndagwurugwu ahụ gburugburu na-ejide ya.Ọ bụ ọdọ mmiri rift kachasị ukwuu n'Afrịka, ma bụrụkwa ọdọ mmiri dị ụtọ nke abụọ kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa n'ịtụle oke mmiri ọ nwere. Ọ bụkwa ọdọ mmiri kachasị omimi n'Afrịka ma nwee oke mmiri dị ụtọ kachasị ukwuu n'ala Afrịka, nke ruru ihe dị ka pasent 16 nke mmiri dị ụtọ niile dị n'ụwa.Ọ na-agbatị ruo 676 km (420 mi) n'ụzọ ugwu-ndịda, ma nwee obosara nke dị ka nkeji 50 km (31 mi). Osimiri a kpuchiri 32,000 km2 (12,000 sq mi), nwee ọnụ ala mmiri (shoreline) dị 1,900 km (1,200 mi), omimi nkezi bụ 572 m (1,877 ft) na omimi kachasị ukwuu bụ 1,471 m (4,826 ft) (nke dị na ngalaba ugwu). O jidere ihe dị ka 18,750 km3 (4,500 cu mi) nke mmiri.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr06.html|title=Datbase Summary: Lake Tanganyika|work=ilec.or.jp|accessdate=2008-03-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/19991110092358/http://www.ilec.or.jp/database/afr/dafr06.html|archivedate=1999-11-10|publisher=International Lake Environment Committee Foundation}}</ref> Mpaghara mmiri niile na-asọba n'Ọdọ Tanganyika na-ekpuchi ihe dị ka kilomita skwea 231,000.Osimiri ukwu abụọ na ọtụtụ osimiri na iyi mmiri nta na-asọba n'ọdọ ahụ, n'agbanyeghị na ogologo ọtụtụ n'ime ha pere mpe n'ihi ugwu ndị dị elu gbara ọdọ ahụ gburugburu. Naanị otu nnukwu ụzọ mmiri si apụta n'ọdọ ahụ bụ Osimiri Lukuga, nke na-asọba banye n'usoro Osimiri Congo.Otú ọ dị, mmiri ozuzo na mmịkọrọ mmiri n'ikuku na-enwe mmetụta karịa osimiri ndị ahụ n'ịhazigharị oke mmiri dị n'ọdọ ahụ. Opekata mpe pasent 90 nke mmiri na-abanye n'ọdọ ahụ sitere na mmiri ozuzo na-adaba ozugbo n'elu ọdọ ahụ, ebe opekata mpe pasent 90 nke mmiri na-apụ na ya bụ n'ihi mmịkọrọ mmiri ozugbo n'ikuku.<ref name="Kullander2011">{{Cite journal|author=Kullander|first=S.O.|year=2011|title=Out of Lake Tanganyika: endemic lake fishes inhabit rapids of the Lukuga River|journal=Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters|volume=22|issue=4|pages=355–76}}</ref> Osimiri kachasị na-asọba n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ bụ [[Osimiri Ruzizi]], nke e guzobere ihe dị ka afọ 10,000 gara aga, nke na-abanye n'ebe ugwu nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ site na Ọdọ Mmiri Kivu.<ref name="readersnatural">{{Cite book|title=Natural Wonders of the World|url=https://archive.org/details/readersdigestnat00sche|publisher=Reader's Digest Association, Inc|year=1980|isbn=978-0-89577-087-5|editor=Scheffel|location=US|pages=[https://archive.org/details/readersdigestnat00sche/page/366 366]–67}}</ref> Osimiri Malagarasi, nke bụ osimiri nke abụọ kachasị ukwuu na Tanzania, na-abanye n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika. Malagarasi bụ okenye karịa Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika, tupu e mepụta ọdọ mmiri ahụ, ọ ga-abụ na ọ bụ isi mmiri nke [[Osimiri Lualaba]], isi iyi nke Osimiri Congo.Osimiri kachasị na-asọba n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ site na Zambia na nke kachasị na-abanye n'ọdọ ndịda bụ Lufubu, nke na-ebili na mbara ala dị n'ebe ndịda ọdọ mmiri ahụ, na-asọ n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ n'elu ugwu n'ime ndagwurugwu, wee na-asọga n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ ruo n'ọnụ ọwụwa Anyanwụ nke Nsumbu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nsumbu National Park|url=https://africageographic.com/stories/nsumbu-national-park/|accessdate=3 June 2026|work=Africa Geographic}}</ref> Ọdọ mmiri ahụ nwere akụkọ ihe mere eme dị mgbagwoju anya nke na-agbanwe agbanwe, n'ihi ịdị elu ya, nnukwu omimi, nwayọ nke ịmegharị, na ebe ugwu dị n'ebe mgbawa ugwu nke gbanwere ihu igwe. O doro anya na ọ naghị adịkebe n'oge gara aga na-asọba n'oké osimiri. A kọwawo ya dị ka "ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nkwado" n'ihi nke a. Njikọ ọdọ mmiri ahụ na oké osimiri na-adabere na ọkwa mmiri dị elu nke na-enye ohere ka mmiri si n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ na-agafe Osimiri Lukuga banye na Congo. Mgbe ọ na-ejupụtaghị, ọpụpụ ọdọ mmiri ahụ na Osimiri Lukuga na-ejikarị ájá na ahịhịa kpuchie ya, kama osimiri a na-adabere na ndị na-akwado ya, ọkachasị Osimiri Niemba, iji nọgide na-aga. Kemgbe afọ 1990 mmiri dị n'Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika ejirila ihe dị ka mita abụọ rịa elu, na-eme ka ụlọ na ihe owuwu dị n'akụkụ osimiri dị ala.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Water surface elevation timeseries reveals the rising water levels in Lake Tanganyika|url=https://worldwater.earth/water-surface-elevation-timeseries-reveals-the-rising-water-levels-in-lake-tanganyika|accessdate=1 June 2026|work=WorldWater|archivedate=7 March 2026|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260307174809/https://worldwater.earth/water-surface-elevation-timeseries-reveals-the-rising-water-levels-in-lake-tanganyika/}}</ref> A na-ahụ nke a n'obodo Nsumbu, Zambia, n'akụkụ osimiri dị n'etiti ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na ọnụ Osimiri Chisala, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ kilomita 2 n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ. N'agbata afọ 2018 na afọ 2024, mmiri ahụ abanyewo n'akụkụ obodo ahụ ruo mita 300 site n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke afọ 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nsumbu|url=https://www.google.com/maps/search/Nsumbu/@-8.5164746,30.4729444,1517m/data=!3m1!1e3?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI2MDUyNy4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D|accessdate=2 June 2026|work=Google Maps}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Google Earth imagery showing Nsumbu settlement and shoreline, Zambia.|url=https://earth.google.com/web/@-8.51664622,30.47719045,771.76267068a,1405.28427165d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=ChYqEAgBEgoyMDE4LTExLTI2GAFCAggBOgMKATBCAggASg0I____________ARAA|accessdate=2 June 2026|work=Google Earth - Use the historical slider to select past views.|publisher=Google Earth}}</ref> Ọdọ mmiri ahụ nwekwara ike inwe mgbe ụfọdụ ọpụpụ na ọpụpụ dị iche iche; ọpụpụ nke na-esi n'Ọdọ Mmiri Rukwa dị elu, ịbanye n'Ọdọ Mmiri Malawi na ụzọ ọpụpụ gaa na Naịl niile ka a tụrụ aro na ọ dị n'oge ụfọdụ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Lévêque|first=Christian|title=Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation: The Freshwater Fish of Tropical Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/biodiversitydyna0000leve|isbn=978-0-521-57033-6|year=1997|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]}}</ref> == Ihe ndị e ji mara mmiri == [[Faịlụ:Clear_lake_Kagongo_Ward.jpg|thumb|Ọdọ mmiri dị ọcha nke Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika na Kagongo Ward, Kigoma Region, Tanzania]] Mmiri ọdọ mmiri ahụ bụ alkaline na pH gburugburu 9 na omimi nke 0-100 . <ref name="Wever2005">{{Cite journal|author=De|first=Wever|year=2005|title=Bacterial Community Composition in Lake Tanganyika: Vertical and Horizontal Heterogeneity|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_applied-and-environmental-microbiology_2005-09_71_9/page/5029|journal=Appl Environ Microbiol|volume=71|issue=9|pages=5029–5037|doi=10.1128/AEM.71.9.5029-5037.2005|pmid=16151083}}</ref> N'okpuru nke a, ọ dị gburugburu 8.7, na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebelata ruo 8.3-8.5 n'akụkụ ndị miri emi nke Tanganyika.<ref name="Wever2005" /> Enwere ike ịhụ usoro yiri nke ahụ na conductivity eletrik, site na ihe dị ka 670 μS / cm n'akụkụ elu ruo 690 μS /cm n'ime miri emi.<ref name="Wever2005" /> Okpomọkụ dị n'elu n'ozuzu ya sitere na 24 n'akụkụ ndịda nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ na mbido Ọgọst ruo 28-29 na ngwụcha oge mmiri ozuzo na Machị - Eprel.<ref name="Edmond1993">{{Cite journal|author=Edmond|year=1993|title=Nutrient chemistry of the water column of Lake Tanganyika|url=https://archive.org/details/limnology-and-oceanography_1993-06_38_4/page/725|journal=Limnol. Oceanogr.|volume=38|issue=4|pages=725–738|doi=10.4319/lo.1993.38.4.0725}}</ref> Na omimi karịrị 400 m (1,300 , okpomọkụ kwụsiri ike na 23.1-23.4 . <ref name="Reilly2003">{{Cite journal|author=O'Reilly|first=Catherine M.|date=August 14, 2003|title=Climate change decreases aquatic ecosystem productivity of Lake Tanganyika, Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_2003-08-14_424_6950/page/766|doi=10.1038/nature01833|pmid=12917682|journal=Nature|volume=424|issue=6950|pages=766–768}}</ref> Mmiri ahụ ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ekpo ọkụ kemgbe narị afọ nke iri na itoolu ma nke a emeela ka okpomọkụ ụwa dị ngwa kemgbe afọ 1950.<ref name="Jensen2016">{{Cite web|author=Jensen, M.R.|title=Lake Tanganyika Fisheries Declining From Global Warming|url=https://uanews.arizona.edu/story/lake-tanganyika-fisheries-declining-global-warming|publisher=University of Arizona|date=8 August 2016|accessdate=5 March 2018|archivedate=6 March 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306085806/https://uanews.arizona.edu/story/lake-tanganyika-fisheries-declining-global-warming}}</ref> Ọdọ mmiri ahụ dị iche iche na ngwakọta oge n'ozuzu ya anaghị agafe omimi nke 150 . <ref name="Edmond1993"/> Ngwakọta ahụ na-emekarị dị ka elu mmiri na ndịda ma ikuku na-ebugharị ya, mana ruo n'ókè dị ala, elu na ala mmiri na-emekwa n'ebe ndị ọzọ n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ.<ref name="Lowe2003">{{Cite journal|author=Lowe-McConnell|first=R.H.|year=2003|title=Recent research in the African Great Lakes: Fisheries, biodiversity and cichlid evolution|journal=Freshwater Forum|volume=20|issue=1|pages=4–64}}</ref> N'ihi nkewa, akụkụ ndị miri emi nwere "mmiri fossil". Nke a pụtakwara na ọ nweghị ikuku Oxygen (ọ bụ anoxic) n'akụkụ ndị dị omimi, na-egbochi azụ na ihe ndị ọzọ na-eme n'elu. A na-ahụ ụfọdụ ọdịiche ala na njedebe a, mana ọ na-adịkarị na omimi gburugburu 100 n'akụkụ ugwu nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ na 240-250 na ndịda. Akụkụ ndị na-enweghị ikuku oxygen nwere ọkwa dị elu nke hydrogen sulfide na-egbu egbu ma bụrụ ndị na-adịghị ndụ, ma e wezụga nje bacteria. <ref name="zambiatour"/><ref name="Wever2005"/><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Ryan|first=Emily|title=Variation in Taphonomic Character of Shell Beds in Lake Tanganyika, Africa: Paleoenvironmental and Stratigraphic Implications of Shell Beds in Lakes|date=2017|doi=10.1130/abs/2017am-304608}}</ref> == Ihe ndị dị ndụ == === Anụ ndị na-akpụ akpụ === Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika na ala mmiri ya bụ ebe Agụ iyi Naịl (gụnyere nnukwu Gustave a ma ama), ala ndị nwere hinged na Zambia, ala ndị nwere articed serrated, na ala ndị nwere hingeed pan (ụdị ikpeazụ abụghị n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ n'onwe ya, kama na ọdọ mmiri ndị dị nso). Storm's water cobra, ụdị nke na-eyi egwu nke na-eri azụ, na-ahụ naanị na Lake Tanganyika, ebe ọ na-ahọrọ ụsọ nkume.<ref name=Spawls2002>Spawls, Howell, Drewes, and Ashe (2002). A Field Guide to the Reptiles of East Africa. Academic Press, London. {{ISBN|0-12-656470-1}}.</ref> <ref name=Spawls2002/><ref>{{Cite journal |title=Boulengerina annulata stormsi (Storm's water cobra). Attempted predation |author1-last=O'Shea |author1-first=Mark |author1-link=Mark O'Shea (herpetologist) |author2-last=Mcintyre |author2-first=P.B. |journal=Herpetological Review |volume=36 |issue=2 |page=189 |date=2005 |url=http://www.markoshea.info/oba4-3_zambia_tanzania03.php |access-date=2023-03-11 |archive-date=2 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202071348/http://www.markoshea.info/oba4-3_zambia_tanzania03.php |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Boulengerina annulata stormsi (Storm's water cobra). Attempted predation|journal=Herpetological Review|volume=36|issue=2|date=2005|url=http://www.markoshea.info/oba4-3_zambia_tanzania03.php|accessdate=2023-03-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202071348/http://www.markoshea.info/oba4-3_zambia_tanzania03.php|archive-date=2017-12-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Azụ Cichlid === [[Faịlụ:Murky_waters.jpg|thumb|Onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị dị ndụ na-anakọta ihe nlele na 2020 na mmiri gbara ọchịchịrị nke Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika maka ọmụmụ banyere mgbanwe nri nke azụ cichlid iji ghọtakwuo evolushọn na ụdị ha.]] [[Faịlụ:Neolamprologus_brichardi.jpg|thumb|Otu n'ime ọtụtụ Tanganyika cichlids bụ ''Neolamprologus brichardi''. A mụọla omume dị mgbagwoju anya nke ụdị a na onye ikwu ya ''N. pulcher'' n'ụzọ zuru ezu<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Dierkes|year=1999|title=Reproductive parasitism of broodcare helpers in a cooperatively breeding fish|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_behavioral-ecology_september-october-1999_10_5/page/510|journal=Behavioral Ecology|volume=10|issue=5|pages=510–515|doi=10.1093/beheco/10.5.510}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Balshine-Earn|year=1998|title=Individual recognition in a cooperatively breeding cichlid: Evidence from video playback experiments|journal=Behaviour|volume=135|issue=3|pages=369–386|doi=10.1163/156853998793066221}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Werner|year=2003|title=Helping opportunities and space segregation in cooperatively breeding cichlids|journal=Behavioral Ecology|volume=14|issue=6|pages=749–756|doi=10.1093/beheco/arg067}}</ref>]] Ọdọ mmiri Tanganyika bụ ebe obibi nke opekata mpe ụdị azụ cichlid 250 ndị a na-ahụ naanị n'ọdọ ahụ , ma o yikarịrị ka a ka nwere ụdị ndị ọzọ ndị ọkà mmụta achọpụtabeghị.Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ pasent 98 nke ụdị azụ cichlid niile dị n'ọdọ ahụ anaghị adị n'ebe ọ bụla ọzọ n'ụwa. Nke a na-eme ka Ọdọ Tanganyika bụrụ ebe bara nnukwu uru n'ihe gbasara ọmụmụ sayensị banyere mmepụta ụdị ọhụrụ na evolushọn .Azụ cichlid nke Ọdọ Mmiri Ukwu nke Afrịka, gụnyere ndị dị na Ọdọ Tanganyika, bụ otu n'ime ihe atụ kachasị pụta ìhè nke adaptive radiation n'ime anụmanụ nwere ọkpụkpụ azụ .Ụfọdụ n'ime ụdị ndị a pụrụ iche na-apụta ntakịrị n'akụkụ elu Osimiri Lukuga, nke bụ ụzọ mmiri si apụta n'Ọdọ Tanganyika. Ma ha anaghị agbasa nke ọma n'ime usoro Osimiri Congo, n'ihi ọdịiche dị n'ala na n'ụdị mmiri. Mmiri Ọdọ Tanganyika na-adịgide adịgide ma kwụsie ike karịa mmiri Osimiri Congo, nke nwere ọtụtụ ebe mmiri na-asọ ngwa ngwa na mgbada mmiri.Ọzọkwa, mmiri Ọdọ Tanganyika bụ mmiri alkaline, nwere pH dị elu nke azụ cichlid na-ahọrọ, ma nwekwaa nnukwu calcium na mineral karịa mmiri Osimiri Congo, nke na-adị acidic, juputara na ájá na unyi, ma na-ebukwa ọtụtụ ihe ndị sitere n'osisi na akwụkwọ rere ure nke sitere n'oké ọhịa mmiri ozuzo gbara ya gburugburu.N'ebe ụfọdụ nke Osimiri Congo ebe mmiri anaghị asọ ngwa ngwa, ihe ndị a na-eburu n'ime mmiri na-akpakọba, na-emepụta ụdị mmiri a na-akpọ blackwater, nke nwere nnukwu tannins sitere n'osisi na akwụkwọ na-agbaze. Ụdị gburugburu mmiri a adịghị akwado uto na ndụ azụ cichlid. N'otu aka ahụ, ọtụtụ ụdị azụ ndị na-ebikarị n'osimiri ebe okpomọkụ dị elu agaghị enwe ike ibi nke ọma ma ọ bụrụ na e tinye ha n'ime mmiri N'agbanyeghị na Ọdọ Tanganyika nwere ụdị azụ cichlid ole na ole ma e jiri ya tụnyere Ọdọ Malawi na Ọdọ Victoria—ndị abụọ ahụ nwere mmụba ngwa ngwa nke ụdị ọhụrụ n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, nke mere ka e nwee ọtụtụ ụdị nwere mmekọrịta chiri anya—azụ cichlid ndị dị na Tanganyika bụ ndị kacha nwee ọdịiche n'ụdị ọdịdị ahụ na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa .A na-ejikọta ọdịiche a na eziokwu na Ọdọ Tanganyika dị nnọọ ochie karịa ọdọ mmiri abụọ ndị ọzọ. N'ime ọdọ mmiri niile dị n'Afrịka, Tanganyika nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ kacha ukwuu nke genera (òtù ụdị) cichlid ndị na-adịghị ahụ ebe ọzọ n'ụwa .Azụ cichlid niile dị na Ọdọ Tanganyika so n'ime ezinụlọ nta Pseudocrenilabrinae. N'ime ebo iri dị n'ime ezinụlọ nta a, ise bụ ndị a na-ahụkarị naanị n'Ọdọ Tanganyika ma ọ bụ fọrọ nke nta ka ha bụrụ naanị ebe ahụ: Cyprichromini, Ectodini, Lamprologini, Limnochromini, na Tropheini. Ebo atọ ọzọ nwekwara ụfọdụ ụdị dị n'ọdọ ahụ, ya bụ Haplochromini, Tilapiini, na Tylochromini.Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta atụkwasịla aro ka e kee azụ cichlid nke Ọdọ Tanganyika n'ime ebo iri na abụọ ruo iri na isii, site n'ịgbakwunye ebo dịka Bathybatini, Benthochromini, Boulengerochromini, Cyphotilapiini, Eretmodini, Greenwoodochromini, Perissodini, na Trematocarini, tinyere ndị e kwuburu n'elu.<ref name="Turner2001">{{Cite journal|author=Turner|first=Seehausen|year=2001|title=How many species of cichlid fishes are there in African lakes?|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_molecular-ecology_2001-03_10_3/page/793|doi=10.1046/j.1365-294x.2001.01200.x|journal=Molecular Ecology|volume=10|issue=3|pages=793–806|pmid=11298988}}</ref>.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|author=Meyer|first=Britta|date=25 November 2013|title=A tribal level phylogeny of Lake Tanganyika cichlid fishes based on a genomic multi-marker approach|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2014.10.009|pmid=25433288|volume=83|pages=56–71}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Seehausen|first=O.|year=2015|title=Process and pattern in cichlid radiations – inferences for understanding unusually high rates of evolutionary diversification|journal=New Phytologist|doi=10.1111/nph.13450|volume=207|issue=2|pages=304–312|pmid=25983053}}</ref>.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Nishida|first=M|year=1991|title=Lake Tanganyika as an evolutionary reservoir of old lineages of East African cichlid fishes: Inferences from allozyme data|journal=Experientia|volume=47|issue=9|pages=974–979|doi=10.1007/bf01929896}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Sparks|year=2004|title=Phylogeny and biogeography of cichlid fishes (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae)|journal=Cladistics|volume=20|issue=6|pages=501–517|doi=10.1111/j.1096-0031.2004.00038.x|pmid=34892958}}</ref> Ọtụtụ Tanganyika cichlids bi n'akụkụ osimiri, ruo omimi nke 100 , ma''na'' ụfọdụ ụdị mmiri miri emi na-agbadata na 200 . A chọtawo ụdị ''Trematocara'', n'ụzọ pụrụ iche, n'ihe karịrị 300 , nke miri emi karịa ụdị cichlid ọ bụla ọzọ a maara. E jidere ụfọdụ n'ime ụdị mmiri miri emi (dịka, ''<nowiki><i id="mwAcE">Bathybates</i></nowiki>'', ''Gnathochromis'', ''Hemibates'' na ''Xenochromis'') n'ebe ndị na-enweghị ikuku oxygen, na otu ha si nwee ike ịdị ndụ n'ebe ahụ edoghị anya. Tanganyika cichlids na-abụkarị benthic (achọta na ma ọ bụ nso ala) na / ma ọ bụ n'ụsọ oké osimiri. Enweghị Tanganyika cichlids bụ n'ezie Pelagic na offshore, ma e wezụga ụfọdụ n'ime Bathybates na-eri azụ. Abụọ n'ime ndị a, ''B. fasciatus'' na ''B. Leo'', na-eri nri na Tanganyika sardines. <ref name="McConnell1987" /> Tanganyika cichlids dị iche iche n'ụzọ dị ukwuu na gburugburu ebe obibi, ma gụnye ụdị ndị na-eri ahịhịa, detritivores,planktivors, insectivores, molluscivores, scavengers, scale-eaters na piscivores.<ref name="MortiffTangDiv">{{Cite web|title=Lake Tanganyika and its Diverse Cichlids|url=https://www.cichlid-forum.com/threads/lake-tanganyika-and-its-diverse-cichlids.456196/|accessdate=2023-03-11|work=Cichlid Fish Forum|date=24 December 2009|author=Craig Mortiff|archivedate=11 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311162711/https://www.cichlid-forum.com/threads/lake-tanganyika-and-its-diverse-cichlids.456196/}}</ref> Otú ọ dị, e gosipụtara na ụdị nri ndị a na-agbanwe agbanwe ma na-agbaso mgbanwe ohere. Nke ahụ bụ, ọtụtụ ụdị Tanganyikan cichlid nwere nri pụrụ iche gosipụtara ohere, mmebi nke ''Stolothrissa tanganicae'' na ''Limnothrissa miodon'' mgbe anụ oriri dị elu karịa.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Playing out Liem's Paradox: Opportunistic Piscivory across Lake Tanganyikan Cichlids|journal=The American Naturalist|year=2019|volume=194|issue=2|pages=260–267|doi=10.1086/704169|pmid=31318283}}</ref> Omume ọmụmụ nke azụ na-adaba n'ìgwè abụọ: ndị na-eme ihe n'okpuru ma ọ bụ ájá (nke na-emekarị n'ọgba ma ọ bụ oghere nkume) na ndị na-amụba ọnụ. N'etiti ụdị ndị a na-ahụkarị bụ abụọ n'ime obere cichlids n'ụwa, ''Neolamprologus multifasciatus'' na ''N. similis'' (ha abụọ bi na shell), na-atụle ruo 4-5 in), na otu n'ime ndị kasị ukwuu, nnukwu cichlid (''Boulengerochromis microlepis'') ruo 90 ft). <ref name="MortiffTangDiv" /><ref name="PracFishKeepLarge"/> Ọtụtụ azụ cichlid sitere n'Ọdọ Tanganyika, dịka ụdị ndị dị n'ime Altolamprologus, Cyprichromis, Eretmodus, Julidochromis, Lamprologus, Neolamprologus, Tropheus, na Xenotilapia, bụ azụ ndị a ma ama n'ime akwarium n'ihi agba ha na-egbuke egbuke, ụkpụrụ mara mma dị n'ahụ ha, na omume ha na-adọrọ mmasị.Ọ bụkwa ihe a ma ama n'etiti ndị na-azụ akwarium ịmepụta biotope nke Ọdọ Tanganyika, ya bụ, ime ka akwarium yie ebe obibi ha nke okike, ka azụ ndị a nwee ike ibi n'ọnọdụ yiri nke ha bi n'ime ọdọ ahụ. Taa, a na-amụba ọtụtụ n'ime ụdị azụ ndị a nke ọma n'ime ebe a na-azụ azụ n'aka mmadụ .<ref name=Schliewen1992>Schliewen, U. (1992). Aquarium Fish. Barron's Educational Series. {{ISBN|978-0812013504}}.</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aquariumslife.com/featured/lake-tanganyika-biotope/|title=tanganyika biotope aquarium|date=2010-02-10|publisher=Aquariums Life|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302102920/http://www.aquariumslife.com/featured/lake-tanganyika-biotope/|archivedate=2012-03-02|accessdate=2014-02-03}}</ref> === Azụ ndị ọzọ === [[Faịlụ:Lamprichthys_tanganicanus.JPG|thumb|Tanganyika killifish (''Lamprichthys tanganicanus'') bụ naanị onye so n'ụdị ya ]] Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika bụ ebe obibi nke ihe karịrị ụdị azụ 80 na-abụghị nkecichlid na ihe dị ka 60% nke ndị a bụ ebe a na-ahụkarị.<ref name="LTBP" /> <ref name=Snail>Brown, D. (1994). ''Freshwater Snails Of Africa And Their Medical Importance.'' 2nd edition. {{ISBN|0-7484-0026-5}}</ref> <ref name="Brown2011" /> <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wright|first=J.J.|year=2012|title=Systematic revision of the formerly monotypic genus Tanganikallabes (Siluriformes: Clariidae)|url=https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91200/1/j.1096-3642.2011.00789.x.pdf|journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society|volume=165|issue=1|pages=121–142|doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00789.x}}</ref> Mmiri mepere emepe nke mpaghara pelagic jupụtara na ụdị anọ na-abụghị nkecichlid: Ụdị abụọ nke "Tanganyika sardine" (''Limnothrissa miodon'' na ''Stolothrissa tanganicae'') mejupụtara nnukwu biomass nke azụ na mpaghara a, ha bụkwa anụ oriri dị mkpa maka forktail lates (Lates microlepis) na sleek lates (''L. stappersii''). A na-ahụ lates abụọ ọzọ n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ, lates Tanganyika (''L. angustifrons'') na lates bigeye (''L. mariae''), mana ha abụọ bụ ndị na-achụ nta n'ime ala, ọ bụ ezie na ha nwekwara ike ịbanye na mmiri mepere emepe.<ref name="Lindqvist1999" /> A na-egbute lates anọ ahụ, ndị niile dị na Tanganyika, ma ndị buru ibu dị ụkọ taa.<ref name=Lindqvist1999>Lindqvist, O.V.; H. Mölsä; K. Solonen; J. Sarvala, editors (1999). From Limnology to Fisheries: Lake Tanganyika and Other Large Lakes. pp.&nbsp;213–214. Springer. {{ISBN|978-0792360179}}</ref> N'etiti azụ ndị a na-adịghị ahụkebe na ọdọ mmiri ahụ bụ "cuckoo catfish", gụnyere ọ dịkarịa ala Synodontis grandiops <ref>{{Cite web|title=Synodontis grandiops • Mochokidae|date=2020|url=https://www.planetcatfish.com/common/species.php?species_id=710|accessdate=2023-03-11|work=www.planetcatfish.com|language=en-gb|archivedate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401232617/https://www.planetcatfish.com/common/species.php?species_id=710}}</ref> na ''S. multipunctatus''. Ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ yiri nke ahụ (dịka, ''S. lucipinnis'' na ''S. petricola'') ma na-agbagwoju anya mgbe niile; ọ bụghị ihe doro anya ma ha nwere omume yiri nke ahụ.<ref name="Wright2006" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Synodontis lucipinnis • Mochokidae|date=2023|url=https://www.planetcatfish.com/common/species.php?task=&species_id=103|accessdate=2023-03-11|work=www.planetcatfish.com|language=en-gb|archivedate=1 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401232507/https://www.planetcatfish.com/common/species.php?task=&species_id=103}}</ref> Nje ndị na-eme nhọrọ na-eyi àkwá ha n'otu oge na cichlids na-agbasa n'ọnụ. Cichlid na-eburu àkwá n'ọnụ ha dị ka a ga-asị na ha bụ nke ha. Ozugbo àkwá catfish pupụtara, ụmụ ha na-eri àkwá cichlid.<ref name="Wright2006" /><ref name="Schliewen1992" /> Ụdị azụ catfish isii na-ejedebe kpamkpam na ọdọ mmiri ahụ: ''Bathybagrus'', ''Dinotopterus'', ''Lophiobagrus'', ''Phyllonemus'',Pseudotanganikallabes na Tanganikallabs. <ref name="FishbaseList"/><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wright, J.J.|year=2017|title=A new diminutive genus and species of catfish from Lake Tanganyika (Siluriformes: Clariidae)|journal=J Fish Biol|doi=10.1111/jfb.13374|volume=91|issue=3|pages=789–805|pmid=28744868}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụghị ebe a na-ahụkarị na ọkwa ụdị, a na-achọta ụdị isii nke ''Chrysichthys'' catfish na ọdọ mmiri Tanganyika ebe ha bi ma na mmiri na-adịghị omimi na nke miri emi; na ebe obibi nke ikpeazụ ha bụ ndị na-eri anụ na ndị na-ekpofu ihe.<ref name="FishbaseList" /> Otu radieshon evolushọn pụrụ iche n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ bụ ụdị 15 nke ''Mastacembelus'' spiny eels, ha niile ma e wezụga otu nke dị na ọdọ mmiri ya. <ref name="Brown2011">{{Cite journal|author=Brown|year=2011|title=Pectoral fin loss in the Mastacembelidae: a new species from Lake Tanganyika|journal=Journal of Zoology|volume=284|issue=4|pages=286–293|doi=10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00804.x}}</ref><ref name="Brown2010">{{Cite journal|author=Brown|year=2010|title=Mastacembelid eels support Lake Tanganyika as an evolutionary hotspot of diversification|journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology|volume=10|doi=10.1186/1471-2148-10-188|pmid=20565906}}</ref> Ọ bụ ezie na Great Lakes ndị ọzọ nke Africa nwere Synodontis catfish, ụdị catfish na ''Mastacembelus'' spiny eels, ụdị dị iche iche dị elu bụ ihe pụrụ iche na Tanganyika, nke nwere ike ịmekọrịta afọ ndụ ya.<ref name="Brown2010" /> N'etiti azụ ndị na-abụghị ndị a na-ahụkarị, ụfọdụ bụ ụdị Afrịka zuru ebe niile mana ọtụtụ na-ekerịta naanị na Malagarasi na ndagwurugwu Osimiri Congo, dị ka Congo bichir (''Polypterus congicus''), goliath tigerfish (''Hydrocynus goliath''), ''Citharinus citharus'', distichodus isii (''Distichodus sexfasciatus'') na mbu puffer (Tetraodon). <ref name="FishbaseList"/> === Molluscs na crustaceans === [[Faịlụ:Tiphobia_horei_01.JPG|thumb|Akpụkpọ ahụ nke thalassoid freshwater snail ''Tiphobia horei'' na ọdịdị ya na ogwu ya.]] A maara ngụkọta nke ụdị mmiri mmiri dị ọcha 83 (65 endemic) na ụdị bivalve 11 (8 endemic) site na ọdọ mmiri ahụ.<ref name="Darwall2011">{{Cite book|editor=Darwall, W.|year=2011|author=Seddon, M.|title=Freshwater molluscs of Africa: diversity, distribution, and conservation|publisher=IUCN|pages=92–119|isbn=978-2-8317-1345-8}}</ref> N'etiti bivalves ndị a na-ahụkarị bụ ụdị atọ: ''[[Grandidieria burtoni]]'', ''Pseudospatha tanganyicensis'' na ''[[Brazzaea anceyi]]'' .<ref name="Darwall2011" /> Ọtụtụ n'ime snails bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe maka ụdị ndị bi na mmiri dị ọcha n'inwe mkpokoro siri ike na / ma ọ bụ ihe ọkpụkpụ dị iche iche, ihe ndị a na-ahụkarị na snails nke mmiri. A na-akpọ ha thalassoids, nke a pụrụ ịsụgharị ka ọ bụrụ "dị ka mmiri". All Tanganyika thalassoids, nke bụ akụkụ nke Prosobranchia, bụ ndị a na-ahụkarị n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ.<ref name="Snail" /> Na mbụ, e kwenyere na ha nwere njikọ na ụdị mmiri snails, mana a maara ugbu a na ha enweghị njikọ. A na-ekwere ugbu a na ọdịdị ha bụ nsonaazụ nke ebe obibi dịgasị iche iche na Lake Tanganyika na nrụgide evolushọn sitere na azụ na-eri snail na, ọkachasị, crabs ''Platythelphusa''. <ref name="Snail" /><ref name="LTBP" /><ref>{{Cite journal|author=West|first=K.|year=1996|title=Shell microstructure of gastropods from Lake Tanganyika, Africa: adaptation, convergent evolution, and escalation.|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_evolution_1996-04_50_2/page/672|journal=Evolution|volume=50|issue=2|pages=672–682|doi=10.2307/2410840|pmid=28568935}}</ref> Ngụkọta nke ụdị 17 nke mmiri na-atọ ụtọ dị na ọdọ mmiri ahụ, dị ka ''Hirthia'', Lavigeria, ''Paramelania'', ''Reymondia'', ''Spekia'', ''Stanleya'', ''Tanganyicia'' na Tiphobia.<ref name="Snail" /> E nwere ihe dị ka ụdị 30 nke snails na-abụghị thalassoid n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ, mana naanị ise n'ime ndị a bụ ndị a na-ahụkarị, gụnyere ''Ferrissia tanganyicensis'' na ''Neothauma tanganyicense''.<ref name="Snail" /> Nke ikpeazụ bụ nnukwu Tanganyika snail na obere shell-ebi na shell na-ejikarị mkpokoro ya eme ihe.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Koblmüller|year=2007|title=Reticulate phylogeny of gastropod-shell-breeding cichlids from Lake Tanganyika — the result of repeated introgressive hybridization.|doi=10.1186/1471-2148-7-7|journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology|volume=7|pmid=17254340}}</ref> Crustaceans dịkwa iche iche na Tanganyika na ihe karịrị ụdị 200, nke ihe karịrị ọkara n'ime ha bụ ebe a na-ahụkarị.<ref name="LTBP" /> Ha gụnyere ụdị 10 nke crabs mmiri dị ọcha (9 ''Platythelphusa'' na ''Potamonautes platynotus''; niile dị na mpaghara), ọ dịkarịa ala ụdị 11 nke obere atyid shrimp (''[[Atyella]]'', ''[[Caridella]]'' na ''[[Limnocaridina|Limnocaridin]]''), <ref name="crabs">{{Cite journal|author=Marijnissen|year=2006|title=Molecular evidence for recent divergence of Lake Tanganyika endemic crabs (Decapoda: Platythelphusidae)|url=https://archive.org/details/molecular-phylogenetics-and-evolution_2006_40_2/page/628|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=40|issue=2|pages=628–634|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2006.03.025|pmid=16647274}}</ref> a na-ahụkarị palaemonid shramp (''Macrobrachium moorei''), ihe dị ka 100 ostracods, <ref>{{Cite journal|author=Martens|year=2008|title=Global diversity of ostracods (Ostracoda, Crustacea) in freshwater|journal=Hydrobiologia|volume=595|pages=185–193|doi=10.1007/s10750-007-9245-4}}</ref> gụnyere ọtụtụ ndị dị na mpaghara, <ref name="Atyid">{{Cite journal|author=Fryer|first=G|year=2006|title=Evolution in ancient lakes: radiation of Tanganyikan atyid prawns and speciation of pelagic cichlid fishes in Lake Malawi.|doi=10.1007/s10750-006-0322-x|journal=Hydrobiologia|volume=568|issue=1|pages=131–142}}</ref> na ọtụtụ copepods.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Gitter|first=F.|year=2015|title=Sub-Decadal Resolution in Sediments of Late Miocene Lake Pannon Reveals Speciation of Cyprideis (Crustacea, Ostracoda)|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=10|issue=4|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0109360|pmid=25902063}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Schön|first=I.|year=2012|title=Molecular analyses of ostracod flocks from Lake Baikal and Lake Tanganyika|journal=Hydrobiologia|volume=682|issue=1|pages=91–110|doi=10.1007/s10750-011-0935-6}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Cirhuza|first=D.M.|year=2016|title=Composition and seasonal variations in abundance of Copepod (Crustacea) populations from the northern part of Lake Tanganyika|url=https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/248670|journal=Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management|volume=19|issue=4|pages=401–410|doi=10.1080/14634988.2016.1251277|accessdate=30 August 2020}}</ref> N'etiti ndị a, ''Limnocaridina iridinae'' bi n'ime oghere mantle nke unionid mussel ''[[Pleiodon spekei]]'', na-eme ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime naanị ụdị abụọ a maara nke shrimp mmiri dị ọcha (nke ọzọ bụ sponge-living ''Caridina spongicola'' si Lake Towuti, Indonesia). <ref>{{Cite journal|author=De Grave|first=S.|year=2008|title=Global diversity of shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) in freshwater|journal=Hydrobiologia|volume=595|pages=287–293|doi=10.1007/s10750-007-9024-2}}</ref> N'etiti Ọdọ Mmiri Rift Valley, Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika karịrị ndị ọzọ niile n'ihe gbasara ọgaranya nke anụ na mmiri dị ọcha (ma n'ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụdị na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị a na-ahụkarị). Dịka ọmụmaatụ, naanị ọdọ mmiri Rift Valley ọzọ nwere crabs mmiri dị ọcha bụ Lake Kivu na Lake Victoria nke ọ bụla nwere ụdị abụọ.<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Cumberlidge|first=N.|year=2017|title=Description of three new species of Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838 from the Lake Victoria region in southern Uganda, East Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)|journal=European Journal of Taxonomy|issue=371|pages=1–19|doi=10.5852/ejt.2017.371}}</ref> === Anụ ndị ọzọ na-enweghị azụ === A maghị ụdị dị iche iche nke ndị ọzọ na-enweghị azụ na Lake Tanganyika nke ọma, mana enwere ma ọ dịkarịa ala ụdị 20 akọwapụtara nke leeches (12 dị naanị ebe ahụ), ụdị 9 nke sponji (7 dị naanị ebe ahụ), ụdị 6 nke bryozoa (2 dị naanị ebe ahụ), ụdị 11 nke flatworm (7 dị naanị ebe ahụ), ụdị 20 nke nematode (7 dị naanị ebe ahụ), ụdị 28 nke annelid (17 dị naanị ebe ahụ) yana obere jellyfish hydrozoan a na-akpọ Limnocnida tanganyicae., <ref name="LTBP">{{Cite web|work=IW:LEARN {{pipe}} Documents|author=Kelly West|title=Results and Experiences of the UNDP/GEF Conservation Initiative (RAF/92/G32) in Burundi, D.R. Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia|url=https://iwlearn.net/documents/6644|accessdate=2023-03-11|date=28 February 2001|archivedate=11 March 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311162707/https://iwlearn.net/documents/6644}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFKelly_West2001">Kelly West (28 February 2001). </cite></ref> . == Ịkụ azụ == [[Faịlụ:Fishing_boat_in_Kagongo_Ward.jpg|thumb|Ụgbọ mmiri ịkụ azụ na Kagongo Ward, Kigoma District]] [[Faịlụ:Fisherman_on_Lake_Tanganyika.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|200x200px|Ndị ọkụ azụ n'Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika]] Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika na-akwado nnukwu ịkụ azụ, nke, dabere na isi iyi, na-enye 25-40% <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mongabay.com/external/lake_tanganyika_warming.htm|title=Global warming is killing off tropical lake fish – Study of Lake Tanganyika|publisher=www.mongabay.com|accessdate=2008-03-14|archivedate=29 June 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150629225857/http://www.mongabay.com/external/lake_tanganyika_warming.htm}}</ref> ma ọ bụ c. 60% nke protein anụmanụ na nri nke ndị bi na mpaghara ahụ. <ref name="Jensen2016"/><ref name="McGrath2016">{{Cite news|author=McGrath, M.|title=Decline of fishing in Lake Tanganyika 'due to warming'|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-37009305|publisher=BBC|date=8 August 2016|accessdate=5 March 2018}}</ref> <ref name=Wright2006>Wright, J.J.; and L.M. Page (2006). Taxonomic revision of Lake Tanganyikan Synodontis (Siluriformes: Mochokidae). Florida Mus. Nat. Hist. Bull. 46(4): 99–154.</ref> <ref name=Smith1998>Smith, M.P. (1998). Lake Tanganyikan Cichlids, pp. 9–10. {{ISBN|0-7641-0615-5}}</ref> Enwere ike ịchọta azụ Lake Tanganyika na-ebupụ na East Africa niile. Nnukwu ịkụ azụ azụmahịa malitere n'etiti afọ 1950 ma, tinyere okpomọkụ ụwa, nwere mmetụta siri ike na ọnụ ọgụgụ azụ, na-akpata mbelata dị ịrịba ama. <ref name="Jensen2016"/> <ref name="McGrath2016"/><ref name="Reilly2003"/> N'afọ 2016, e mere atụmatụ na ngụkọta nke ihe ndị e jidere ruru tọn 200,000.<ref name="Jensen2016" /> E nwere ọtụtụ ụzọ ndị bi n'ógbè ahụ na-eji eme ihe maka ịkụ azụ. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha gụnyere iji oriọna dị ka ihe na-adọta azụ ndị na-adọrọ mmasị n'ìhè. N'ebe ụfọdụ, a pụrụ ịhụ ihe karịrị otu narị ọkụ n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ n'abalị. E nwere ụdị atọ dị mkpa. Otu a na-akpọ Lusenga nke bụ ụgbụ sara mbara nke otu onye si n'ụgbọ mmiri na-eji. Nke abụọ na-eji ụgbụ eletrik. A na-eme nke a site na ịtọgbụ ụgbụ n'okpuru ụgbọ mmiri site na iji ụgbọ mmiri abụọ kwụ ọtọ wee dọrọ ya n'otu oge. A na-akpọ nke atọ Chiromila nke nwere ụgbọ mmiri atọ. Otu ụgbọ mmiri kwụ otu ebe na oriọna ebe ụgbọ mmiri ọzọ na-ejide otu nsọtụ nke ụgbụ na ndị ọzọ na-agba gburugburu otu kwụ otu ebe iji zute ụgbụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Lake Tanganyika and Its Life|publisher=Oxford Press|year=1991}}</ref> == Akụkọ ihe mere eme == [[Faịlụ:Stanley's_Lake_Tanganyika.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika Ahịrị ojii na-egosi ụzọ Henry Morton Stanley.]] A na-eche na ''[[Madụ̀|Homo sapiens]]'' mbụ na-emetụta mpaghara ahụ n'oge Oge Nkume. A na-akọwa oge nke Middle Stone Age ruo Late Stone Age dị ka oge nke ndị na-achụ nta na ndị na-achịkọta ihe.<ref>{{Cite book|title=East African Ecosystems and Their Conservation|year=1996|url=https://archive.org/details/eastafricanecosy0000unse|publisher=New York: Oxford University Press}}</ref> N'etiti narị afọ nke 19, ndị ahịa Swahili Arab si Zanzibar guzobere ụzọ ụgbọ ala si Bagamoyo site na Tabora gaa Ujiji na Lake Tanganyika. Ha wetara ụgbọ mmiri iji gaa n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ ma zụọ ahịa ohu, ọdụ́, égbè na ogho. Onye isi n'etiti ndị ahịa a bụ Tippu Tip na ọkara nke abụọ nke narị afọ nke 19, onye guzobere steeti n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ.<ref name=":1" /> <ref name=McConnell1987>Lowe-McConnell, R.H. (1987). Ecological Studies in Tropical Fish Communities. {{ISBN|0-521-28064-8}}.</ref> Ndị mbụ a maara na Ọdịda Anyanwụ chọtara ọdọ mmiri ahụ bụ ndị nchọpụta Britain Richard Burton na John Speke, na 1858. Ha chọtara ya mgbe ha na-achọ isi iyi nke Osimiri Naịl. Speke gara n'ihu ma chọta isi iyi, Lake Victoria. David Livingstone gara ọdọ mmiri ahụ ọtụtụ ugboro na njem ikpeazụ ya 1866-73, na-achọkwa isi iyi nke Naịl. Ọ nyochara etiti ọdịda anyanwụ, n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ na n'ebe ndịda nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ site na ụgbọ mmiri. Ọ zutere Henry Morton Stanley na Ujiji n'ụsọ oké osimiri ọwụwa anyanwụ n'afọ 1871, ha abụọ jiri ụgbọ mmiri gaa n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ dị n'ebe ugwu. N'ikpeazụ, ọ gara n'ala n'akụkụ ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ na gburugburu njedebe ndịda nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ wee gaa n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ruo ọdọ mmiri Mweru Ọ chọpụtara aha "Liemba" maka akụkụ ndịda ya, okwu nwere ike isi n'[[Fipa language|Asụsụ Fipa]]. <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Last Journals of David Livingstone, in Central Africa, from 1865 to His Death, Volume I (of 2), 1866-1868|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/16672/16672.txt|accessdate=1 June 2026|work=Project Gutenberg eBook}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Last Journals of David Livingstone, in Central Africa, from 1865 to His Death, Volume 2 (of 2), 1868-1873|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/17024/17024-h/17024-h.htm|accessdate=3 June 2026|work=Project Gutenberg}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=David Livingstone|title=The Last Journals of David Livingstone in Central Africa from 1865 to His Death|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJRKJnFkJeIC&pg=PA212|date=2008|publisher=BiblioBazaar|isbn=978-0-554-26021-1}}</ref> Tanganyika pụtara "kpakpando" n'[[Asụsụ Luvale]].<ref>{{Cite journal|title=An African Aesthetic|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-aesthetics-and-art-criticism_summer-1966_24_4/page/519|author=Daniel J. Crowley|journal=The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism|volume=24|issue=4|date=Summer 1966|pages=519–524|doi=10.2307/428776}}</ref> : 523 : 523  Nchịkọta ọchịchị rutere n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ na ngwụcha narị afọ nke 19 na Britain, Germany na Eze Leopold nke Belgium na-eguzobe ókèala ndị na-achị n'ọdọ ahụ. Na mbido narị afọ nke 20, ha kwụsịrị ahia ohu, ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ dochie anya ndị Swahili-Arabs na-achịkwa ahia ndị ọzọ n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|author=Hall|first=Richard|title=Zambia|publisher=Pall Mall Press|year=1965|location=London}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="" id="CITEREFHall1965">Hall, Richard (1965). </cite></ref> Ọdọ mmiri ahụ bụ ebe a na-alụ Agha maka Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika n'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ. Site n'enyemaka nke Graf Goetzen, ndị Germany nwere ikike zuru oke nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ na mmalite nke agha ahụ. A na-eji ụgbọ mmiri ahụ ebuga ibu na ndị ọrụ gafee ọdọ mmiri ahụ, yana dị ka ebe a ga-esi malite mwakpo mberede na ndị agha jikọrọ aka. Ya mere, ọ ghọrọ ihe dị mkpa maka ndị agha jikọrọ aka iji nweta ikike nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ n'onwe ha. N'okpuru iwu nke Lieutenant Commander Geoffrey Spicer-Simson, ndị Royal Navy nke Britain rụzuru ọrụ dị egwu nke iweta ụgbọ mmiri abụọ HMS Mimi na HMS Toutou site na England gaa n'ọdọ mmiri ahụ site na ụgbọ okporo ígwè, okporo ụzọ na osimiri gaa Albertville (ebe a gbanwere aha Kalemie na 1971) n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika. Ụgbọ mmiri abụọ ahụ chere ruo na Disemba 1915, wee wakpo ndị Germany na mberede, site na ijide ụgbọ mmiri ''Kingani''. Ụgbọ mmiri ọzọ nke Germany, ''Hedwig'', mikpuru na Febụwarị 1916, na-ahapụ ''Götzen'' dị ka naanị ụgbọ mmiri Germany fọdụrụ iji chịkwaa ọdọ mmiri ahụ.<ref name="Foden" /> Iji zere ụgbọ mmiri ya na-enweta ihe nrite ka ọ daa n'aka ndị agha jikọrọ aka, Zimmer tụbara ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na July 26, 1916. E mechara bulie ụgbọ mmiri ahụ na 1924 ma nye ya aha MV Liemba.<ref name="Foden">Giles Foden: ''Mimi and Toutou Go Forth — The Bizarre Battle for Lake Tanganyika'', Penguin, 2004.</ref> == Hụkwa == * Cryptodepression == Edensibịa == {{Reflist}} == Njikọ mpụga ==   * <span class="portalbox-image">[[File:Flag_of_Burundi.svg|link=|alt=flag|border|class=noviewer|32x32px]]</span><span class="portalbox-link">[[Portal:Burundi|Ebe a na-edebe ihe n'Ịntanet]]</span> * <span class="portalbox-image">[[File:Walden_Pond,_Massachusetts_on_June_27,_2012.png|alt=image|class=noviewer|28x28px]]</span><span class="portalbox-link">[[Portal:Lakes|Ọnụ ụzọ ámá ọdọ mmiri]]</span> *   [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] s29tvi14k0rcdo9oe2cga1o2kgzkfzn 0 80708 729845 727616 2026-10-01T14:58:41Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729845 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  Ọkụ ọhịa [[Algeria]] nke afọ 2021 bụ ọtụtụ ọkụ ọhịa nke mere na mpaghara Kabylia nke Algeria kemgbe 9 ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2021, nke gburu mmadụ 90,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-15 |title=Algerian journalist, others detained in growing crackdown |url=https://www.wsbradio.com/news/world/algerian-journalist/QPH7L7CAK36XEPDR7SDVPXPQ3I/ |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=95.5 WSB |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920170531/https://www.wsbradio.com/news/world/algerian-journalist/QPH7L7CAK36XEPDR7SDVPXPQ3I/ |archive-date=2021-09-20 |url-status=dead}}</ref> gụnyere ndị nkịtị 57 na ndị agha 33.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.africanews.com/2021/08/15/algerian-wildfires-still-raging-death-toll-hits-90-including-33-soldiers/|title=Algerian wildfires still raging, death toll hits 90 including 33 soldiers|work=Africa News|date=15 August 2021}}</ref> Ndị agha ahụ nwụrụ mgbe ha tọrọ n'ime ọkụ ahụ n'oge ọrụ nnapụta.<ref>{{cite news |title=Algeria forest fires: At least 65 people killed as fires spread|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-58174918|access-date=11 August 2021 |agency=BBC News |publisher=BBC News |date=11 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Incendi, 38 morti in Algeria |url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/topnews/2021/08/10/incendi-38-morti-in-algeria_1c1dd4d9-d9b8-4c6d-952f-c17eb1bd67f6.html |access-date=10 August 2021 |agency=ansa.it |publisher=ansa.it |date=10 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-08-11|title=At least 65 killed in Algerian wildfires|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/algeria-wildfire-toll-rises-65-state-television-says-2021-08-11/|access-date=2021-08-11|website=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Incendi in Algeria, i morti aumentano a 65 |url=https://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/topnews/2021/08/11/incendi-in-algeria-i-morti-aumentano-a-65_4e15a3fe-54e5-4e01-b02e-e8daef1a44d5.html |access-date=11 August 2021 |agency=ansa.it |publisher=ansa.it |date=11 August 2021}}</ref> N'abalị itoolu n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, ọtụtụ ọkụ malitere na mpaghara Kabylia na ebe ndị ọzọ, ndị ọchịchị Algeria zigakwara ndị agha iji nyere ụmụ amaala aka na ọkụ na mwepụ. Na ụbọchị iri nke ọnwa Ọgọstụ, ọtụtụ ọkụ gbara osisi Mediterenian, bibie osisi oliv ma gbuo ehi na ọkụkọ. Ọtụtụ obodo ndị dị anya nwere obere mmiri. Ụfọdụ ndị obodo gbapụrụ, ebe ndị ọzọ gbalịrị igbochi ọkụ ahụ n'onwe ha, jiri bọket, alaka na ngwa ọrụ ndị ọzọ, n'ihi na enweghị ụgbọelu ndị na-agba ọkụ. N'abalị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Onye isi ala Abdelmadjid Tebboune kwuru n'okwu ihu na ihu na telivishọn steeti na "aka ndị omempụ nọ n'azụ ọtụtụ" ọkụ ahụ nakwa na e jidere mmadụ iri abụọ na abụọ.<ref name="Al Jazeera">{{cite news |date=13 August 2021 |title=Algeria arrests 22 suspected arsonists over deadly blazes |work=Al Jazeera |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/8/13/algeria-arrests-22-suspected-arsonists-over-blazes}}</ref> ógbè ụbọchị asaa gachara, ndị otu nchekwa obodo enweela ihe ịga nke ọma n'ịgbanyụ ọkụ ọhịa 41 na mpaghara itoolu n'ime awa 24 gara aga,<ref>{{Cite news |last=KHALEF |first=Fatiha |date=August 16, 2021 |title=Extinction de 41 feux de forêts dans plusieurs wilayas |url=https://www.aps.dz/regions/126211-protection-civile-extinction-de-41-feux-de-forets-dans-plusieurs-wilayas-au-cours-des-dernieres-24h |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210816130532/https://www.aps.dz/regions/126211-protection-civile-extinction-de-41-feux-de-forets-dans-plusieurs-wilayas-au-cours-des-dernieres-24h |archive-date=August 16, 2021 |access-date=August 16, 2021 |website=Algeria Press Service |language=fr}}</ref> ma kọọ mgbanyụ ọkụ zuru oke na Annaba.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dib |first=Nassima |date=August 16, 2021 |title=Extinction totale des incendies à d'Annaba |url=https://www.aps.dz/regions/126237-extinction-totale-des-incendies-a-d-annaba |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221055701/https://www.aps.dz/regions/126237-extinction-totale-des-incendies-a-d-annaba |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |access-date=August 16, 2021 |website=Algeria Press Service |language=fr}}</ref> N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, a gbanyụrụ ọkụ ọhịa niile dị na Jijel na Sétif.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dib |first=Nassima |date=August 17, 2021 |title=Extinction de tous les incendies de forêt à Jijel |url=https://www.aps.dz/regions/126287-extinction-de-tous-les-incendies-de-foret-a-jijel |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221055654/https://www.aps.dz/regions/126287-extinction-de-tous-les-incendies-de-foret-a-jijel |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |access-date=August 17, 2021 |website=Algeria Press Service |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Dib |first=Nassima |date=August 17, 2021 |title=Sétif: extinction totale de tous les incendies de forêts |url=https://www.aps.dz/regions/126290-setif-extinction-totale-de-tous-les-incendies-de-forets |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211221055658/https://www.aps.dz/regions/126290-setif-extinction-totale-de-tous-les-incendies-de-forets |archive-date=December 21, 2021 |access-date=August 17, 2021 |website=Algeria Press Service |language=fr}}</ref> N'abalị iri na asatọ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, Ọfịs Onye isi ala kwuru na "ibu ọrụ kachasị" MAK ọkụ ahụ dị n'aka otu ndị Alakụba Rachad na MAK, otu ndị na-achị onwe ha nke na-achọ ikewa mpaghara agbụrụ Berber nke Kabyle na Algeria ndị ọzọ, na "nkwado na enyemaka sitere n'aka ndị otu mba ọzọ, ọkachasị Morocco na ndị Zionist", na-ezo aka na Israel.<ref name="Reuters2">{{cite news |date=18 August 2021 |title=Algeria accuses groups it links to Morocco, Israel of setting wildfires |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/algeria-accuses-groups-it-links-morocco-israel-setting-wildfires-2021-08-18/}}</ref><ref name="Africanews">{{cite news |date=18 August 2021 |title=Algeria accuses Morocco of involvement in its deadly fires, to "review" relations |work=Africanews |url=https://www.africanews.com/2021/08/18/algeria-accuses-morocco-of-involvement-in-its-deadly-fires-to-review-relations//}}</ref><ref name="Al Jazeera3">{{cite news |date=19 August 2021 |title=Algeria blames groups it links to Morocco, Israel for wildfires |work=Al Jazeera |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/8/19/algeria-review-relations-morocco-israel-wildfires}}</ref> Ihe mere n'ụgbọ mmiri Algeria na Israel n'afọ 2021 mere n'oge ọkụ ọhịa ndị a na 27 n'ọnwa Septemba.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Akramov |date=2021-10-01 |title=Ce que l'on sait de l'incident avec un sous-marin Israélien - |url=https://www.menadefense.net/algerie/ce-que-lon-sait-de-lincident-avec-un-sous-marin-israelien/ |access-date=2023-01-08 |website=MENADEFENSE |language=fr-FR}}</ref> == Ndị nwụrụnụ == Akụkọ sitere na Sonelgaz kpughere na ngụkọta 610 km (380 mi) nke netwọk eletrik na ihe na-erughị 710 ụlọ ọrụ mebiri site na ọkụ na Tizi Ouzou Province.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dib |first=Nassima |date=August 19, 2021 |title=Incendies de Tizi-Ouzou: plus de 600 km de réseau électrique détruits par les feux |url=https://www.aps.dz/regions/126362-incendies-de-tizi-ouzou-plus-de-600-km-de-reseau-electrique-detruits-par-les-feux |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819230845/https://www.aps.dz/regions/126362-incendies-de-tizi-ouzou-plus-de-600-km-de-reseau-electrique-detruits-par-les-feux |archive-date=August 19, 2021 |access-date=August 19, 2021 |website=Algeria Press Service |language=fr}}</ref> The Local Direction of Agricultural Services (DSA) kọrọ na 5,193 hectare nke osisi mkpụrụ osisi na 19,178 anụ ụlọ gbara ọkụ.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Boudjedri |first=Mounia |date=22 August 2021 |title=Tizi-Ouzou/Incendies: plus de 5.100 ha d'arbres fruitiers et plus de 19.100 animaux d'élevage brulés |url=https://www.aps.dz/regions/126427-tizi-ouzou-incendies-plus-de-5-100-ha-d-arbres-fruitiers-et-plus-de-19-100-animaux-d-elevage-brules |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211215220045/https://www.aps.dz/regions/126427-tizi-ouzou-incendies-plus-de-5-100-ha-d-arbres-fruitiers-et-plus-de-19-100-animaux-d-elevage-brules |archive-date=15 December 2021 |access-date= |website=Algeria Press Service |language=fr}}</ref> Ndị injinia sitere na Technical Construction Control body (CTC) nyochara ụlọ 1,705 ọkụ ahụ mebiri.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dib |first=Nassima |date=September 1, 2021 |title=Incendies de Tizi-Ouzou: Plus de 1700 habitations brûlées expertisées par le CTC |url=https://www.aps.dz/regions/126787-incendies-de-tizi-ouzou-plus-de-1700-habitations-brulees-expertisees-par-le-ctc |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210901142114/https://www.aps.dz/regions/126787-incendies-de-tizi-ouzou-plus-de-1700-habitations-brulees-expertisees-par-le-ctc |archive-date=September 1, 2021 |access-date=September 1, 2021 |website=Algeria Press Service |language=fr}}</ref> N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2022, ụlọ ọrụ Algeria Directorate General of Forests (DGF) kọrọ na ọkụ gbara ihe karịrị 100,000 hekta (250,000 acres) nke ahịhịa n'oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2021, na ọkụ ọkụ 1,631 e dekọrọ na 21 wilayas.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Dib |first=Nassima |date=May 10, 2022 |title=Feux de forêt: plus 100.000 hectares ravagés dans 21 wilayas durant l'été 2021 |url=https://www.aps.dz/economie/139524-feux-de-foret-plus-100-000-hectares-ravages-dans-21-wilayas-durant-l-ete-2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220510205539/https://www.aps.dz/economie/139524-feux-de-foret-plus-100-000-hectares-ravages-dans-21-wilayas-durant-l-ete-2021 |archive-date=May 10, 2022 |access-date=May 10, 2022 |website=Algeria Press Service |page= |language=fr}}</ref> Nchịkọta nke ebe ndị metụtara dị ka ndị a: * Oké ọhịa: 260,135 hekta (642,810 acres) (26% nke ngụkọta mpaghara) * Osisi: 21,040 hekta (52,000 acres) (21.5%) * Scrub: 16,415 hekta (40,560 acres) (16.5%) * Osisi mkpụrụ osisi: 16,160 hekta (39,900 acres) (36%) * Esparto: 352 hekta (870 acres) (0.5%) <div style="display:inline-table"> {| class="wikitable" |+Ebe ọrịa na-efe efe metụtara !Wilaya !Ntiwapụ |- |Tizi Ouzou |241 |- |Jijel |164 |- |Skikda |125 |- |Bejaia |112 |- |Tipasa |97 |- |Bouira |86 |- |El Tarf |82 |- |Medea |66 |- |Ugboro ọnụ |63 |- |Oum El Bouaghi |56 |} </div><div style="display:inline-table"> {| class="wikitable" |+Ebe ọ na-emetụta site na hekta !Wilaya !Hectare |- |Tizi Ouzou |43,398 |- |Bejaia |13,174 |- |Khenchela |9,837 |- |Guelma |5,927 |- |El Tarf |5,090 |- |Annaba |5,024 |} </div> == Ogbugbu nke Djamel Ben Ismail == <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles><templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  Djamel Ben Ismail, onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta ọha na eze si Miliana, bụ onye otu ìgwè mmadụ ji obi ọjọọ gbuo ụbọchị ole na ole mgbe ọkụ malitere na Tizi Ouzou. Na mbụ, e boro ya ebubo ịgba ọkụ n'enweghị ihe akaebe. Vidio na-egosi mwakpo ahụ a wakporo Ben Ismail gbasara n'ịntanetị, na-egosi nkeji ikpeazụ ya ka a gbara ya ọkụ ma gbuo ya maka ọrụ a na-ebo ya. Otú ọ dị, ndị na-eji mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta mara ya dị ka onye omenkà a ma ama nke nọ n'ógbè ahụ iji nyere ndị bi na ya aka ịkwụsị ọkụ ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lawal |first=Shola |date=2022-11-25 |title=49 People Sentenced to Death for Killing Man Wrongly Blamed for Forest Fires |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/djamel-ben-ismail-algeria/ |access-date=2023-06-03 |website=Vice |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last=AfricaNews |date=2022-11-25 |title=Algerian court sentences 49 to death for mob killing amid wildfires |url=https://www.africanews.com/2022/11/25/algerian-court-sentences-49-to-death-for-mob-killing-amid-wildfires/ |access-date=2023-06-03 |website=Africanews |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2022-11-25 |title=49 people sentenced to death for mob killing in Algeria |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/nov/25/49-people-sentenced-to-death-for-mob-killing-in-algeria |access-date=2023-06-03 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077 |agency=Associated Press}}</ref> N'ime vidiyo ahụ, Ben Ismail na-arịọ ìgwè mmadụ ahụ arịrịọ, na-ekwusi ike ugboro ugboro na o nweghị aka n'ọkụ ndị ahụ na-ere n'ọhịa. Ụfọdụ ndị nọ n'ìgwè ahụ na-eti mkpu okwu mkparị na nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ megide ya, dị ka "sale arabe," nke pụtara "Onye Arab ruru unyi" n'asụsụ French. E kwenyere na ọtụtụ n'ime ndị otu a na-eme ihe ike, bụ́ ndị pụtara na vidiyo ahụ, nwere njikọ na MAK—otu ndị ọchịchị Algeria boro ebubo na ha nwere ebumnuche ịchọ nkewa nakwa na ha na-akwado echiche megide ndị Arab.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bellgheddouche |first=Mohamed |date=October 15, 2023 |title=Affaire de Djamel Bensamail: un accusé avoue son appartenance au mouvement terroriste "MAK |url=https://www.aps.dz/algerie/161317-affaire-du-meurtre-de-djamel-bensamail-un-accuse-avoue-son-appartenance-au-mouvement-terroriste-mak |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231015224316/https://www.aps.dz/algerie/161317-affaire-du-meurtre-de-djamel-bensamail-un-accuse-avoue-son-appartenance-au-mouvement-terroriste-mak |archive-date=October 15, 2023 |access-date=October 15, 2023 |work=Algeria Press Service |language=fr}}</ref> N'ihi nke a,  E kwenyere nke ukwuu na Ben Ismail enweghị ikpe n'ezie.  Directorate General for National Security (DGSN) kwupụtara njide nke ndị 36 a na-enyo enyo, gụnyere ụmụ nwanyị 3, na-etinye aka na ogbugbu Ben Ismail na Larbaâ Nath Irathen, Tizi Ouzou.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dib |first=Nassima |date=August 15, 2021 |title=Affaire de l'assassinat de Djamel Bensmail à Tizi Ouzou: arrestation de 36 mis en cause |url=https://www.aps.dz/algerie/126173-affaire-de-l-assassinat-de-djamel-bensmail-a-tizi-ouzou-arrestation-de-36-mis-en-cause |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815174821/https://www.aps.dz/algerie/126173-affaire-de-l-assassinat-de-djamel-bensmail-a-tizi-ouzou-arrestation-de-36-mis-en-cause |archive-date=August 15, 2021 |access-date=August 15, 2021 |website=Algeria Press Service |language=fr}}</ref> N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, DGSN wepụtara vidiyo gụnyere nkwupụta sitere n'aka ndị ọhụrụ a na-enyo enyo e jidere n'ihe metụtara ikpe ahụ.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dib |first=Nassima |date=17 August 2021 |title=Assassinat de Djamel Bensmail: nouveaux aveux d'autres mis en cause arrêtés |url=https://www.aps.dz/algerie/126272-assassinat-de-djamel-bensmail-nouveaux-aveux-d-autres-mis-en-cause-arretes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817181100/https://www.aps.dz/algerie/126272-assassinat-de-djamel-bensmail-nouveaux-aveux-d-autres-mis-en-cause-arretes |archive-date=17 August 2021 |access-date= |website=Algeria Press Service |language=fr-FR}}</ref> Ụlọ ikpe mpụ nke Dar El Beida mara mmadụ iri anọ na itoolu ikpe ọnwụ maka igbu ọchụ na igbu ọchukwu nke Ben Ismail.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |last=Ait Seddik |first=Baha eddine |date=November 24, 2022 |title=Meurtre de Djamel Bensmaïl: le chef du Mouvement terroriste "MAK" condamné à la perpétuité |url=https://www.aps.dz/algerie/147966-meurtre-de-djamel-bensmail-le-chef-du-mouvement-terroriste-mak-condamne-a-la-perpetuite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124164623/https://www.aps.dz/algerie/147966-meurtre-de-djamel-bensmail-le-chef-du-mouvement-terroriste-mak-condamne-a-la-perpetuite |archive-date=November 24, 2022 |access-date=November 24, 2022 |work=Algeria Press Service |language=fr}}</ref> == Hụkwa == * 2022 Ọkụ ọhịa na Morocco == Edensịbịa == [[Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations]] td608qfptfeqd75erhy1ripjj3sahep 0 80731 729917 726476 2026-10-02T01:48:04Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729917 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American academic administrator}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Algeania Freeman | office = 20th President of [[Wilberforce University]] | term_start = 2014 | term_end = 2016 | office1 = 2nd President of [[Martin University]] | term_start1 = January 2008 | term_end1 = December 31, 2010 | predecessor1 = [[Boniface Hardin]] | successor1 = Charlotte Westerhaus (acting) | office2 = 11th President of [[Livingstone College]] | term_start2 = February 1, 2000 | term_end2 = 2004 | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1949|01|24}} | education = [[Fayetteville State University]]<br>[[Southern Illinois University Carbondale]]<br>[[Ohio State University]] | predecessor = [[Wilma Mishoe]] (interim) | successor = [[Herman J. Felton, Jr.]] | predecessor2 = Albert J. D. Aymer (interim) | successor2 = Catrelia Steele Hunter (interim) | birth_place = [[Dunn, North Carolina]], U.S. }} '''Algeania Marie Warren Freeman''' (amụrụ Jenụwarị 24, 1949) bụ onye Amerika bụ prọfesọ nkwukọrịta okwu na onye nchịkwa agụmakwụkwọ nke Amerịka nke jere ozi dị ka onyeisi oche nke iri abụọ Mahadum Wilberforce site n'afọ 2014 ruo 2016. Ọ bụbu onyeisi oche nke Mahadum Martin site n'afọ 2008 ruo 2010 na Koleji Livingstone site n'afọ 2000 ruo 2004. == Ndụ == A mụrụ Freeman n'ọnwa Jenụwarị 24, 1949, na Dunn, North Carolina.<ref name=":6">{{Cite thesis |last=Freeman |first=Algeania Warren |title=Two Strategies Used in Retraining Aphasic Adults |date=1977 |degree=Ph.D. |publisher=Ohio State University |url=http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487005965827703 |oclc=8565245}}</ref> Ọ gụchara akwụkwọ maka akara ugo mmụta B.S. Bekee na Mahadum State Fayetteville n'afọ 1970.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Bates |first=Gerri |date=2007 |title=These Hallowed Halls: African American Women College and University Presidents |journal=The Journal of Negro Education |volume=76 |issue=3 |pages=373–390 |issn=0022-2984 |jstor=40034579}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2014-09-29 |title=Dr. Algeania Warren Freeman Named 20th President of Wilberforce University |url=https://www.wyso.org/news/2014-09-29/dr-algeania-warren-freeman-named-20th-president-of-wilberforce-university |access-date=2023-11-28 |website=WYSO |language=en}}</ref> N'afọ 1972, o nwetara akara ugo mmụta M.S. na ọrịa okwu na mmụta ọdịyo site na Southern Illinois University Carbondale.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Site n'afọ 1972 ruo 1973, Freeman bụ ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara okwu na Americana Nursing Center dị na Decatur, Illinois.<ref name=":6" /> Freeman sonyeere Mahadum Norfolk State dị ka onye nkụzi n'afọ 1973.<ref name=":0" /> N'afọ 1977, o nwetara PhD gbasara nkwukọrịta okwu na Mahadum State Ohio.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2001-01-31 |title=Algeania Freeman Named President of Livingstone College |url=https://www.diverseeducation.com/home/article/15077451/algeania-freeman-named-president-of-livingstone-college |access-date=2023-11-28 |website=Diverse: Issues In Higher Education |language=en-us}}</ref> Aha akwụkwọ edemede ya bụ, ''Usoro abụọ e ji azụ ndị okenye na-enweghi nsogbu afọ ojuju ọzọ''.<ref name=":6" /> John W. Black bụ onye ndụmọdụ dọkịtọral ya.<ref name=":6" /> Freeman mere ọmụmụ postdoctoral na ụlọ akwụkwọ Mahadum Harvard maka njikwa agụmakwụkwọ ndụ niile na ụlọ ọrụ maka mmepe njikwa.<ref name=":0" /> N'afọ 1977, Freeman bụ osote prọfesọ na onyeisi oche nke ngalaba nkwukọrịta okwu na nka ihe nkiri na North Carolina A&T State University.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Foreman |first=Allison |date=2001-01-10 |title=Ex-A&T professor to lead Livingstone: Alegeania Freeman will take over duties at the private college February 1 |url=https://greensboro.com/ex-a-t-professor-to-lead-livingstone-algeania-freeman-will-take-over-duties-at-the/article_b6952c86-bb33-58b9-ac1f-5c172f81e163.html |access-date=2023-11-28 |website=Greensboro News and Record |language=en}}</ref> O mechara rụọ ọrụ dịka onye nkuzi ma ọ bụ onye nchịkwa na Morgan State University, East Tennessee State University, na Orange Coast College.<ref name=":0" /> Ọ bụ osote onyeisi oche nke ọganihu na mmepe mmemme na Koleji Southern California.<ref name=":2" /> Freeman laghachiri na Mahadum Norfolk state ebe ọ bụ prọfesọ n'ihe gbasara nkwukọrịta okwu ma jee ozi dịka osote onyeisi oche nke ọganihu.<ref name=":2" /> Site n'ọnwa Febụwarị 1, 2000, ruo 2004, Freeman rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onyeisi oche nke iri na otu nke Koleji Livingstone.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":0" /> Ọ bụ onyeisi ya mbụ bụ nwanyị.<ref name=":0" /> N'ọnwa Jenụwarị 2008, Freeman ghọrọ onyeisi nke abụọ nke Mahadum Martin, wee nọchie [[Boniface Hardin]].<ref name=":1" /> Ọ lara ezumike nká na Disemba 31, 2010.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2010-12-06 |title=Controversial Martin University president to retire this month |url=https://www.ibj.com/articles/23827-controversial-martin-university-president-to-retire-this-month |access-date=2023-11-28 |website=Indianapolis Business Journal |language=en-US}}</ref> Onyeisi oche Charlotte Westerhaus nọchiri ya.<ref name=":3" /> N'afọ 2014, Freeman nọchiri onyeisi oche nwa oge Wilma Mishoe dị ka onyeisi oche nke iri abụọ nke Mahadum Wilberforce.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-10-01 |title=Algeania Warren Freeman Named President of Wilberforce University in Ohio |url=https://www.wiareport.com/2014/10/algeania-warren-freeman-named-president-of-wilberforce-university-in-ohio/ |access-date=2023-11-28 |website=Women In Academia Report}}</ref> Ọ lara ezumike nká n'afọ 2016.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Wedell |first=Katie |date=July 6, 2016 |title=Wilberforce president to retire |url=https://www.daytondailynews.com/news/wilberforce-president-retire/6VwW0JTd1A8Yz5q0c05F2K/ |access-date=2023-11-28 |website=dayton-daily-news |language=English |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215170717/https://www.daytondailynews.com/news/wilberforce-president-retire/6VwW0JTd1A8Yz5q0c05F2K/ |archive-date=2019-12-15 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Ndụ nkeonwe == Freeman lụrụ Earnest Freeman.<ref name=":6" /> ==Ebensidee== {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Freeman, Algeania}} [[Category: Living people]] [[Category: Ndị amụrụ n'afọ 1949]] [[Category: Ndị si Dunn, North Carolina]] 5poaj1ul6grmlctp4dioq4hob39b39j 0 80732 729910 728502 2026-10-02T00:20:28Z InternetArchiveBot 11600 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 729910 wikitext text/x-wiki Aju Makita (Langu田 彩珠, Makita Aju; amụrụ n'abalị asaa n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ n'afọ 2002) bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri si Japan. == Oge ọ malitere == Makita bụ ọdụụdụ n'ime ụmụaka atọ, o nwekwara ụmụnne nwoke abụọ tọrọ ya. == Ọrụ == A mụrụ ya na Kanagawa Prefecture, Makita mere ihe nkiri mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 7.<ref name="WWD">{{cite web |title=是枝監督も才能を認める16歳の女優・蒔田彩珠 若手の登竜門「カロリーメイト」のCMにも出演 |url=https://www.wwdjapan.com/articles/823648 |website=WWDJAPAN.com |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=ja |date=8 March 2019}}</ref> N'afọ 2012, ọ pụtara n'ihe nkiri telivishọn bụ *Going My Home*, nke Hirokazu Kore-eda duziri, ma kemgbe ahụ, ọ pụtala n'ihe nkiri ya ndị ọzọ gụnyere *After the Storm* (2016), *The Third Murder* (2017), *Shoplifters* (2018) na *Look Back* (2026). O meriri ihe nrite kachasị mma na Hochi Film Award na 2018 maka Shino Can't Say Her Name, nke Hiroaki Yuasa duziri.<ref name="WWD" /><ref name="ModelPress">{{cite web |title=南沙良＆蒔田彩珠「報知映画賞」で快挙「たくさんの奇跡を運んでくれた」 - モデルプレス |url=https://mdpr.jp/cinema/detail/1811083 |website=モデルプレス |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=ja}}</ref><ref name=koreeda>{{cite web |title=18歳の実力派・蒔田彩珠、『朝が来る』で魅せる魂の熱演｜シネマトゥデイ |url=https://www.cinematoday.jp/news/N0115256 |website=シネマトゥデイ |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=ja}}</ref> O wee merie 2020 Mainichi Film Award maka Best Supporting Actress yana Hochi Film Award for Best Supporting actress for its role as a dị afọ iri na ụma dị ime na Naomi Kawase's True Mothers,<ref>{{cite web |title=【報知映画賞】１８歳・蒔田彩珠、新人賞から２年…最速＆最年少２冠達成 "河瀬流"で「怖いぐらい」表情変わった…助演女優賞 |url=https://hochi.news/articles/20210109-OHT1T50222.html|website=スポーツ報知 |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=ja |date=11 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kenigsberg |first1=Ben |title='True Mothers' Review: Family Entanglements |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/28/movies/true-mothers-review.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=21 February 2021 |date=28 January 2021}}</ref><ref name="Guardian">{{cite web |title=True Mothers review: Naomi Kawase's heartfelt yet frustrating drama |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/sep/18/true-mothers-review-naomi-kawase |website=the Guardian |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=en |date=18 September 2020}}</ref> nke a họọrọ maka 2020 Cannes Film Festival. Ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara otuto site n'aka ndị nyocha dị ka ndị dị na ''The Guardian'', ''Los Angeles Times'', The Hollywood Reporter, na ''South China Morning Post''. <ref>{{cite web |last1=Abele |first1=Robert |title=Review: Naomi Kawase's 'True Mothers' brings sensitivity and lyricism to adoption in Japan |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/movies/story/2021-01-29/review-true-mothers-drama-japan-naomi-kawase |website=Los Angeles Times |access-date=21 February 2021 |date=29 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title='True Mothers' ('Asa ga Kuru'): Film Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/true-mothers-asa-ga-kuru-film-review |website=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=en |date=23 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=True Mothers: Naomi Kawase's moving adoption drama |url=https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/entertainment/article/3102138/toronto-2020-true-mothers-movie-review-moving-adoption |website=South China Morning Post |access-date=21 February 2021 |language=en |date=18 September 2020}}</ref> == Ihe nkiri == === Ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu ! class="unsortable" |Ref. |- |2016 |''Mgbe Oké Ifufe ahụ gasịrị'' |Aju |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.allcinema.net/cinema/355278|title= 海よりもまだ深く|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= allcinema}}</ref> | |- | rowspan="2" |2017 |''Ogbugbu nke Atọ'' |Yuka Shigemori | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/88449/|title= 万引き家族|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= [[Eiga.com]]|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''Egwú Ìhè'' |Nagisa |Ọrụ ndu; ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/18/movies/review-third-murder-koreeda.html|title=Review: In 'The Third Murder,' Guilty as Charged isn't the Whole Story.|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= The New York Times}}</ref> |- | rowspan="4" |2018 |''Ndị na-ezu ohi'' |Sayaka Shibata | | |- |''Enyi m "A"'' |Yui Shiraishi ||<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.allcinema.net/cinema/362547|title= 友罪|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= allcinema|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Nkịta Na Aka Ha'' |Caliby / Hono Nakayama | ||<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/88358/|title= 猫は抱くもの|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''Shino Enweghị Ike Ịsị Aha Ya'' |Kayo Okazaki |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2018/07/11/films/film-reviews/shino-cant-say-name-teenage-struggle-speaks-everyone/#.Xm9EPZMzbwc|title='Shino Can't Say Her Name': A teenage struggle that speaks to everyone|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= The Japan Times}}</ref> |- |2019 |''Abụ Strawberry'' |Nwa agbọghọ ọdachi ahụ metụtara | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/89736/|title= いちごの唄|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2020 |''Ezigbo Nne'' |Hikari Katakura | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/91312/|title= 朝が来る|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref><ref name="Guardian"/> |- |''#HandballStrive'' |Kurosawa |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/91103/|title= ＃ハンド全力|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''N'okpuru kpakpando'' |Mah-chan |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/news/20200818/1/|title= 芦田愛菜主演「星の子」に岡田将生、大友康平、高良健吾、黒木華らが出演！ 本予告も完成|access-date= August 19, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> | |- | rowspan="3" |2021 |''Nwa nke ọnwa Kamiari'' |Kanna (olu) |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/93033/|title= 神在月のこども|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''DIVOC-12'' | |Ọrụ ndu; akụkụ ''"Yen"'' |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://realsound.jp/movie/2021/04/post-752439.html|title= 富司純子、藤原季節、蒔田彩珠、中村ゆり、前田敦子ら『DIVOC-12』第1弾キャスト発表|access-date= April 30, 2021|website= Real Sound|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''99.9 Onye ọka iwu mpụ: Ihe nkiri'' |Eri Nagumo |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.cinemacafe.net/article/2021/08/24/74404.html|title= 西島秀俊が謎の弁護士役、蒔田彩珠＆道枝駿佑ら『99.9』新キャスト|access-date= August 24, 2021|website= Cinema Cafe|language=ja}}</ref> | |- | rowspan="3" |2022 |''Ndị Japan Dị Ọcha'' |Ayumi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.crank-in.net/news/92374/1|title= ディーン・フジオカ主演＆企画＆プロデュースのアクション映画製作 ヒロインに蒔田彩珠|access-date= July 30, 2021|website= Crank-in!|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Nye m, Onye hụrụ gị n'anya'' |Shiori Satō (olu) | |<ref>{{cite web|url= https://natalie.mu/comic/news/483283|title= 「僕愛」「君愛」主人公は宮沢氷魚が担当、橋本愛と蒔田彩珠が各作品のヒロインに|access-date= June 28, 2022|website= Natalie|language= ja|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220628024935/https://natalie.mu/comic/news/483283|archive-date= June 28, 2022|url-status= dead}}</ref> |- |''Onye ọ bụla m hụrụ n'anya tupu'' |Shiori Satō (olu) | |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/95718/|title= 僕が愛したすべての君へ|access-date= August 5, 2022|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2023 |''N'Ịhụnanya na Mmiri miri emi'' |Shiori Hagiwara | |<ref>{{cite web|url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/484020|title= 吉沢亮×宮崎あおい×坂元裕二、Netflix映画「クレイジークルーズ」製作決定|access-date= July 4, 2022|website= Natalie|language= ja|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220707161035/https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/484020|archive-date= July 7, 2022|url-status= dead}}</ref> |- |2024 |''Obi ụtọ'' |Yuma Yamagishi |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/99959/|title= ハピネス|access-date= 2 August 2023|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2025 |''Ịsị, Saranghae, Ịsị'' |Hitomi |Ọrụ ndu; ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/103820/|title= サラバ、さらんへ、サラバ|access-date= 29 September 2025|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''Ụwa Na-apụ n'anya'' |Amane |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/102985/|title= 消滅世界|access-date= 27 March 2025|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2026 |''Alaeze nke ise: Esemokwu nke Mkpụrụ Obi'' |Xiang |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/104266/|title= キングダム 魂の決戦|access-date= 3 April 2026|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Lee Anya n'azụ'' |Kyomoto |Ọrụ ndu |<ref name=LookBack>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/105185/|title= ルックバック|access-date= 9 June 2026|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> |- |''Bye Bye Love: Detective nọ n'ụlọ mmanya'' |Akemi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://eiga.com/movie/105889/|title= Bye Bye Love 探偵はBarにいる|access-date= 14 July 2026|website= Eiga.com|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |} === Telivishọn === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ ! class="unsortable" |Ihe edeturu ! class="unsortable" |Ref. |- |2012 |''Ịga N'Ụlọ M'' |Moe Tsuboi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.allcinema.net/cinema/343853|title= ゴーイング マイ ホーム|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= allcinema|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |2016 |''Nwanne Nna'' |Tamaki Mizuta dị afọ 13 |''Ebe a na-esi nri'' |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.allcinema.net/cinema/356077|title= とと姉ちゃん|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= allcinema|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2018 |''Ebe A Na-adịghị Ahụ Anya'' |Chie Nakamoto |Nkebi nke 2 |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://thetv.jp/program/0000941497/2/|title= 第2話 透明なゆりかご「母性ってなに」|access-date= June 19, 2024|website= The Television|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2020 |''Kotonoha'' |Kaori Itō |Ọrụ ndu; ihe nkiri TV |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2169140/full/|title= 蒔田彩珠&桜田ひよりがダブル主演、「ドラマ甲子園」大賞作品『言の葉』|access-date= 11 August 2020|date= 10 August 2020|website= Oricon|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2021 |''Mara mma n'ụlọ, Monet'' |Michi Nagaura |''Ebe a na-esi nri'' |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2171344/full/|title= 朝ドラ『おかえりモネ』清原果耶の家族キャストに内野聖陽、鈴木京香ら|access-date= September 11, 2020|website= Oricon|language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://mantan-web.jp/article/20200920dog00m200063000c.html|title= おかえりモネ：来春朝ドラで注目の"ヒロイン妹"に抜てき 18歳の実力派・蒔田彩珠って？|access-date= September 27, 2020|website= Mantan-web|language=ja}}</ref> |- |2022 |''Ọ bụrụ na nwunye m abụrụ nwa akwụkwọ elementrị.'' |Mai Niijima |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.crank-in.net/news/96911/1|title= 堤真一『妻、小学生になる。』、妻＆娘に石田ゆり子×蒔田彩珠×毎田暖乃|access-date= March 14, 2022|website= Crank-in!|language=ja}}</ref> | |- | rowspan="2" |2023 |''Makanai: Isi nri maka Ụlọ Maiko'' |Ryōko |<ref>{{cite web|url= https://natalie.mu/comic/news/460725|title= 「舞妓さんちのまかないさん」Netflixでドラマ化！監督は是枝裕和、森七菜＆出口夏希のW主演|date= January 7, 2022|access-date= January 7, 2022|website= Natalie|language= ja|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220925120834/https://natalie.mu/comic/news/460725|archive-date= September 25, 2022|url-status= dead}}</ref> | |- |''Enyi m Kasị njọ'' |Hotaru Kasamatsu |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://mdpr.jp/drama/detail/3714824|title= 蒔田彩珠、連ドラ初主演 高石あかりと"友人の仮面"かぶった青春物語＜わたしの一番最悪なともだち＞|access-date= April 25, 2023|website= Model Press|language=ja}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2024 |''Ụlọ Ninja'' |Nagi Tawara |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.crank-in.net/news/113996/1|title= 賀来賢人主演・原案『忍びの家 House of Ninjas』、Netflixで2024年配信|access-date= September 9, 2022|website= Crank-in!|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Onye nọ n'obodo a'' |Maki Mochizuki |Obere ihe nkiri |<ref>{{cite web|url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/595480|title= 江口洋介×蒔田彩珠で同調圧力の恐怖を描くミステリー「誰かがこの町で」ドラマ化|access-date= 17 October 2024|website= Natalie|language= ja|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20241020211855/https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/595480|archive-date= 20 October 2024|url-status= dead}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2025 |''Ụlọ klas Maazị Mikami'' |Aoi Tominaga |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://thetv.jp/program/0001056687/cast/|title= 御上先生の出演者・キャスト一覧|access-date= 9 January 2025|website= The Television|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Dọkịta Ọnụahịa'' |Aki Yonaga |<ref>{{cite web|url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/625572|title= 岩田剛典が医師を売り巨悪を裁く、主演ドラマが7月スタート バディは蒔田彩珠|access-date= 29 May 2025|date= 29 May 2025|website= Natalie|language= ja|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20250606043711/https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/625572|archive-date= 6 June 2025|url-status= dead}}</ref> |- | |- | rowspan="2" |2026 |''Malite ọzọ'' |Tsubasa Adachi |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://thetv.jp/program/0001067526/cast/|title= リブートの出演者・キャスト一覧|access-date= 2 December 2025|website= The Television|language=ja}}</ref> | |- |''Ebe a na-egwupụta Akwụkwọ Nkume'' |Kazahi Koda |Ọrụ ndu |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2475669/full/|title= 森七菜&蒔田彩珠、W主演『地雷グリコ』実写ドラマ化 Prime Videoで11・13世界配信決定|access-date= August 24, 2026|date= August 24, 2026|website= Oricon|language=ja}}</ref> |- |} === Ebe a na-eme ihe nkiri === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Aha ya !Ọrụ !Ihe edeturu !Ref. |- |2018 |''Strada'' |Gelsomina |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thetheatretimes.com/on-the-road-to-new-experiences-post-smap-with-tsuyoshi-kusanagi/|title= On The Road To New Experiences, Post-Smap, With Tsuyoshi Kusagani|access-date= June 4, 2020|website= The Theatre Times}}</ref> | |- |} === Vidio egwu === {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Abụ !Onye na-ese ihe !Ref. |- |2018 |''Mizuiro no Hibi'' |Shishamo | |- |2020 |''Canary'' |Kenshi Yonezu |<ref>{{cite web|url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/405250|title= 是枝裕和が米津玄師の「カナリヤ」MVを監督、蒔田彩珠や田中泯が出演|access-date= November 19, 2020|website= Natalie|language= ja|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231019014355/https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/405250|archive-date= October 19, 2023|url-status= dead}}</ref> |- |2022 |''Koi-kaze ma ọ bụ Nosete'' |Ihe efu |<ref>{{cite web|url= https://natalie.mu/music/news/469301|title= Vaundy「恋風邪にのせて」MVに成田凌と蒔田彩珠|access-date= March 14, 2022|website= Natalie|language= ja|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220313221428/https://natalie.mu/music/news/469301|archive-date= March 13, 2022|url-status= dead}}</ref> |- |- |} == Onyinye na nhọpụta == {| class="wikitable sortable" !Afọ !Ihe nrite !Ụdị !Ọrụ (s) !Nsonaazụ ! class="unsortable" |Ref. |- |2018 |Ihe nrite ihe nkiri Hochi nke iri anọ na atọIhe nrite Hochi Film |Onye Ọhụrụ Kasị Mma |''Shino Enweghị Ike Ịsị Aha Ya''|{{Won}} | |- | rowspan="3" |2020 |Ihe nrite ihe nkiri Hochi nke iri anọ na ise |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma |''Ezigbo Nne''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web|url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/406998|title= 小栗旬が主演男優賞、星野源が助演男優賞！報知映画賞で「罪の声」最多3冠|access-date= December 2, 2020|website= Natalie|language= ja|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231005064824/https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/406998|archive-date= October 5, 2023|url-status= dead}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |Ihe nrite Nikkan Sports Film nke 33Nikkan Sports Film Awards |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma | rowspan="3" |''Ezigbo Nne'' na ''N'okpuru kpakpando''|{{Nom}} | rowspan="2" |<br /> |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.nikkansports.com/entertainment/award/ns-cinema/|title= 日刊スポーツ映画大賞ノミネート発表|access-date= November 25, 2020|website= Nikkan Sports|language=ja}}</ref><br /><ref>{{cite web|url= https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/410627|title= 日スポ映画大賞で「罪の声」が作品賞に、石原裕次郎新人賞は岡田健史|access-date= December 28, 2020|website= Natalie|language= ja|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230408034234/https://natalie.mu/eiga/news/410627|archive-date= April 8, 2023|url-status= dead}}</ref> |- |Onye Ọhụrụ Kasị Mma|{{Nom}} |- | rowspan="6" |2021 |Emume ihe nkiri nke iri anọ na abụọ nke Yokohama |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= http://yokohama-eigasai.o.oo7.jp/42-2020/42_2020_shou.html|title= 第42回ヨコハマ映画祭|access-date= December 5, 2020|website= Yokohama Film Festival|language=ja}}</ref> |- |- |Ihe nrite Mainichi nke iri asaa na iseIhe nrite Mainichi Film |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma | rowspan="5" |''Ezigbo Nne''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.crank-in.net/news/85376/1|title= 毎日映画コンクール大賞は『MOTHER マザー』に決定 主演賞は森山未來＆水川あさみ|access-date= January 22, 2021|website= Crank-in!|language=ja}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite Blue Ribbon nke 63 |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma|{{Nom}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.chunichi.co.jp/article/179957/|title= 嵐・二宮和也主演の「浅田家!」が最多5部門でノミネート「第63回ブルーリボン賞」各部門候補を発表|access-date= January 4, 2021|website= The Chunichi Shimbun|language=ja}}</ref> |- |Onyinye Kinema Junpo nke 94Ihe nrite Kinema Junpo |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://mdpr.jp/cinema/detail/2424003|title= 水川あさみ、対照的な"妻"役で主演女優賞 「自身はどちら？」と質問も＜第94回キネマ旬報ベスト・テン＞|access-date= February 4, 2021|website= Model Press|language=ja}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite nke 44 nke Japan Academy Film |Onye Ọhụrụ nke Afọ|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2182834/full/|title= 『日本アカデミー賞』優秀主演男優賞 草なぎ剛・二宮和也・小栗旬・佐藤浩市・菅田将暉が受賞|access-date= January 27, 2021|website= Oricon|language=ja}}</ref> |- |Ihe nrite ihe nkiri Eshia nke iri na ise |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.afa-academy.com/post?id=1304&cat=8&mid=8&t=news|title= The 15th Asian Film Awards Nominations Announced|access-date= September 9, 2021|website= Asian Film Awards Academy|archive-date= October 9, 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211009151444/http://www.afa-academy.com/post?id=1304&cat=8&mid=8&t=news|url-status= dead}}</ref> |- |2022 |Ihe nrite nke iri abụọ na ise nke Nikkan Sports Drama Grand Prix |Onye Nkwado Kasị Mma |''Mara mma n'ụlọ, Monet''|{{Won}} |<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.nikkansports.com/entertainment/award/ns-dramagp/25/ns-dgp-result_final.html|title= 日刊スポーツ・ドラマグランプリ|access-date= May 4, 2022|website= Nikkan Sports|language=ja}}</ref> |- |} == Edensibịa == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  == Njikọ mpụga == [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] iwhse6yly2xp0vv60frrrll3hiwnyte 0 80769 729836 729689 2026-10-01T13:45:56Z Chrysella 12967 /* Nnyocha izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi */ 729836 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American political scientist and university administrator (born 1970)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=December 2023}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Claudine Gay | image = Inauguration of Claudine Gay as President of Harvard University (3) (cropped).jpg | caption = Gay in 2023 | office = 30th [[President of Harvard University]] | term_start = July 1, 2023 | term_end = January 2, 2024 | predecessor = [[Lawrence Bacow]] | successor = [[Alan Garber]] | office1 = Dean of the [[Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences]] | term_start1 = August 15, 2018 | term_end1 = June 30, 2023 | predecessor1 = [[Michael D. Smith (computer scientist)|Michael Smith]] | successor1 = [[Emma Dench]] (interim)<br>[[Hopi Hoekstra]] | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1970|08|04}} | birth_place = [[New York City]], U.S. | death_date = | death_place = | spouse = Christopher Afendulis | children = 1 | education = [[Princeton University]]<br>[[Stanford University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br>[[Harvard University]] ([[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]]) | relatives = [[Roxane Gay]] (cousin) | module = {{Infobox academic |embed = yes |discipline = [[Political science]] |thesis_title = Taking charge: Black electoral success and the redefinition of American politics |thesis_url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/304343028/fulltextPDF/E3586B8D78E3408DPQ/ |thesis_year = 1997 | doctoral_advisor = [[Gary King (political scientist)|Gary King]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-03 |title=Excerpts From Dr. Claudine Gay's Work – The New York Times |website=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/21/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-excerpts.html |access-date=2024-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103102250/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/21/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-excerpts.html |archive-date=January 3, 2024 }}</ref> |workplaces = [[Stanford University]] (2000–2006)<br>[[Harvard University]] (2006–present)}} }} [[w:ig: Claudine Gay|Claudine Gay]](amụrụ n'ọnwa Ọgọọst 4, 1970)<ref name=":11" /> bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Amerịka, onye bụkwa Prọfesọ Wilbur A. Cowett nke Gọọmentị na Ọmụmụ Ihe Ndị Afrịka na Ndị Afrịka-Amerịka na [[Harvard University]]. Nnyocha ya lekwasịrị anya n'omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Amerịka, gụnyere ndị ntuli aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke agbụrụ na njirimara.<ref name = "aaas-people">{{Cite web | title = Claudine Gay | url = https://aaas.fas.harvard.edu/people/claudine-gay | access-date = December 10, 2023 | website = aaas.fas.harvard.edu | language = en | archive-date = December 7, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231207223229/https://aaas.fas.harvard.edu/people/claudine-gay | url-status = live }}</ref> Gay jere ozi dị ka diin nke Social Sciences na Harvard site n'afọ 2015 ruo 2018, dị ka diin (dean) nke Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences site n'afọ 2018 ruo 2023, na dị ka onyeisi nke Mahadum Harvard nke iri atọ (30th) site n'ọnwa Julaị 2023 ruo Jenụwarị 2024. N'ọnwa Disemba 2023, Gay na ndị isi oche mahadum abụọ nwere nrụgide sitere n'aka ọha na eze<ref name="WSJ-10-11">{{Cite web |last1=Belkin |first1=Douglas |last2=Ellis |first2=Lindsay |date=October 11, 2023 |title=Blaming Israel for Hamas Attacks Sparks Backlash Across U.S., Exposing Deep Rifts |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/israel-hamas-attack-us-backlash-ff5f25e8 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013013849/https://www.wsj.com/us-news/israel-hamas-attack-us-backlash-ff5f25e8 |archive-date=October 13, 2023 |access-date=October 13, 2023 |work=The Wall Street Journal |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="NYT1010">{{Cite news |last1=Hartocollis |first1=Anemona |last2=Saul |first2=Stephanie |last3=Patel |first3=Vimal |date=October 10, 2023 |title=At Harvard, a Battle Over What Should Be Said About the Hamas Attacks |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/10/us/harvard-israel-gaza-hamas-reaction.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013013842/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/10/us/harvard-israel-gaza-hamas-reaction.html |archive-date=October 13, 2023 |access-date=October 13, 2023 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> na kwa site na Nnọkọ Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke 2023 gbasara mmegide Ndị Juu|kọmiti Ndị Omeiwu (2023 United States Congress hearing on antisemitism|congressional committee) ịgba arụkwaghịm, n'ihi azịza nye ebubo nke ime ihe ike mmegide ndị Juu n'ogige agụmakwụkwọ ahụ.<ref name="AB-1206">{{Cite web |last=Hensley |first=Sarah Beth |date=December 6, 2023 |title=Harvard's president answers backlash over response to calls for 'genocide of Jews' |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/harvards-president-answers-backlash-response-calls-genocide-jews/story |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207015000/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/harvards-president-answers-backlash-response-calls-genocide-jews/story?id=105433835 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |website=ABC News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Al-Jazeera-1206">{{Cite web |date=December 6, 2023 |title=How are Harvard, Penn presidents responding to campus anti-Semitism row? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/7/how-are-harvard-penn-presidents-responding-to-campus-anti-semitism-row |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207164401/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/7/how-are-harvard-penn-presidents-responding-to-campus-anti-semitism-row |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="NYT1206">{{Cite web | date = December 6, 2023 | title = College Presidents Under Fire After Dodging Questions About Antisemitism | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/06/us/harvard-mit-penn-presidents-antisemitism.html | access-date = December 7, 2023 | website = [[The New York Times]] | first1 = Stephanie | last1 = Saul | first2 = Anemona | last2 = Hartocollis | language = en-US | archive-date = December 8, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231208061344/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/06/us/harvard-mit-penn-presidents-antisemitism.html | url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Korn |first=Melissa |date=2023-12-10 |title=Penn President, Board Chair Resign After Furor Over Comments on Campus Antisemitism |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/university-of-pennsylvania-president-resigns-amid-furor-over-comments-on-antisemitism-on-campus-658d74cd |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=WSJ |language=en-US |archive-date=December 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210102101/https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/university-of-pennsylvania-president-resigns-amid-furor-over-comments-on-antisemitism-on-campus-658d74cd |url-status=live }}</ref> N'etiti mkpọsa nrụgide a, a boro Gay ebubo na ọ zuru ọrụ ọgụgụ isi n’akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ndị o bipụtara,<ref name="diver-tg">{{cite news | last1 = Diver | first1 = Tony | title = Harvard University president Claudine Gay accused of plagiarism amid anti-Semitism row | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231211182150/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/12/11/harvard-president-accused-plagiarism-amid-anti-semitism-row/ | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/12/11/harvard-president-accused-plagiarism-amid-anti-semitism-row/ | archive-date = December 11, 2023 | access-date = December 11, 2023 | website = [[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]] | date = December 11, 2023}}</ref><ref name="Schuessler">{{Cite news | last = Schuessler | first = Jennifer | date = 2023-12-21 | title = Harvard Finds More Instances of 'Duplicative Language' in President's Work | language = en-US | work = The New York Times | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/20/us/harvard-claudine-gay-plagiarism.html | access-date = 2024-01-01 | issn = 0362-4331 | archive-date = December 26, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231226105816/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/20/us/harvard-claudine-gay-plagiarism.html | url-status = live }}</ref><ref name=":12" /> ọ bụ ezie na ebubo ndị a agbaghaala.<ref name=":13" /><ref name=":14" /> N'ọnwa Jenụwarị 2024, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa onyeisi oche.<ref name="guard-2jan2024">{{cite news | last1 = Walker | first1 = Adria R. | title = Harvard president resigns amid claims of plagiarism and antisemitism backlash | url = https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resigns | access-date = January 2, 2024 | work = [[The Guardian]] | date = January 2, 2024 | archive-date = January 2, 2024 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240102210529/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resigns | url-status = live }}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Amụrụ Gay na [[The Bronx]] n'ọnwa Ọgọọst 4, 1970,<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |date=2023-01-11 |title="CLAUDINE GAY (1970-)" |url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/claudine-gay-1970/ |access-date=2024-04-09 |first= Malik |last=Simba |website=BlackPast.org |language=en}}</ref> ma too mbụ na [[New York City]], ya na nwanne ya nwoke nke tọrọ ya, Sony Gay, Jr.<ref name="the-scholar">{{Cite web |title=The Scholar Everyone Sought: Claudine Gay, Harvard's Next President |first= Miles J. |last=Herszenhorn|author2= Claire Yuan | website = The Harvard Crimson | url = https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/1/27/claudine-gay-presidential-profile/|date=January 27, 2023 |access-date=December 13, 2023 | archive-date = July 2, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230702132518/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/1/27/claudine-gay-presidential-profile/ | url-status = live }}</ref> Ndị mụrụ ya bụ ụmụ akwụkwọ mba ofesi si [[Haiti]], bụ́ ndị zutere na New York City dị ka ụmụ akwụkwọ kọleji n'afọ 1967. Nne ya, Claudette Gay, née Bateau (1946–2023), gụrụ akwụkwọ nọọsụ, nna ya agụọ injinịa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-29 |title='Courage to Be Harvard' |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2023/10/feature-president-gay-installation-address |access-date=2024-04-09 |first= Claudine |last=Gay |website=harvard.edu |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite news|url=http://afropunk.com/2018/07/meet-the-haitian-american-woman-whos-harvards-new-dean-of-the-faculty-of-arts-science/|title=Meet the Haitian-American woman who's Harvard's new Dean of the Faculty of Arts & Science|date=July 25, 2018|work=Afropunk|access-date=August 20, 2018|archive-date=August 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820074606/http://afropunk.com/2018/07/meet-the-haitian-american-woman-whos-harvards-new-dean-of-the-faculty-of-arts-science/|url-status=live}}</ref> Mgbe ọ ka bụ nwata, Gay na ezinụlọ ya kwagara [[Saudi Arabia]], ebe nna ya, Sony Gay, Sr., rụrụ ndị [[United States Army Corps of Engineers]] ọrụ.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=July 23, 2018 |title=Claudine Gay named Harvard FAS dean |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2018/07/claudine-gay-named-harvard-fas-dean/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221221121625/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2018/07/claudine-gay-named-harvard-fas-dean/ |archive-date=December 21, 2022 |access-date=July 24, 2018 |work=Harvard Gazette |language=en-US}}</ref> Ezinụlọ áhù laghachiri United States ma bie na [[Georgia (US State)|Georgia]] ya na [[Colorado]].<ref name="the-scholar" /> Onye edemede [[Feminism|feminist]] [[Roxane Gay]] bụ nwanne nna mbụ nke Gay.<ref name="the-scholar" /><ref name=":3" /> Ezinụlọ ha nwere ma na-arụkwa ụlọ ọrụ simenti kachasị ukwuu na Haiti, nke dị na [[Port-au-Prince]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2024/01/claudine-gay-harvard-plagiarism/677007/ |title=The Real Harvard Scandal |first=Tyler Austin |last=Harper |date=January 3, 2024 |work=The Atlantic |access-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103235311/https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2024/01/claudine-gay-harvard-plagiarism/677007/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=GDG Concrete & Construction |url=http://www.gdgbeton.com/english/personnel.html |website=www.gdgbeton.com |access-date=2024-04-09}}</ref> Gay gara Phillips Exeter Academy, ụlọ akwụkwọ nkeonwe (ụlọ akwụkwọ obibi) na [[Exeter, New Hampshire]],<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.exeter.edu/about-us/governance/meet-our-trustees|title=Meet Our Trustees {{!}} Phillips Exeter Academy|website=www.exeter.edu|access-date=February 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202190111/https://www.exeter.edu/about-us/governance/meet-our-trustees|archive-date=February 2, 2018}}</ref> ebe ọ gụchara akwụkwọ n'afọ 1988.<ref name="the-scholar" /> Ọ gara [[Princeton University]] otu afọ <ref name="the-scholar" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=December 12, 2023 |title=Who is Claudine Gay, Harvard's president? And how has she made history? |url=https://www.wbaltv.com/article/claudine-gay-harvards-president/46105240 |access-date=December 13, 2023 |website=WBAL |language=en |archive-date=December 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213062711/https://www.wbaltv.com/article/claudine-gay-harvards-president/46105240 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Stanford Daily Archives |url=https://archives.stanforddaily.com/1989/09/21?page=11&section=MODSMD_ARTICLE17 |access-date=December 13, 2023 |website=archives.stanforddaily.com |archive-date=December 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213062712/https://archives.stanforddaily.com/1989/09/21?page=11&section=MODSMD_ARTICLE17 |url-status=live }}</ref> tupu ọ gaa [[Stanford University]] ebe ọ gụrụ Akụnụba (Economics) dị ka isi ngalaba ọmụmụ ya, wee gụchaa akwụkwọ n'afọ 1992, nata ihe nrite Anna Laura Myers maka akwụkwọ edemede pụrụ iche maka akụnụba.<ref name=":2" /> Gay nwetara akara ugo mmụta [[Dọkịta Nkà Ihe Ọmụma | Ph.D.]] na 1998 site na [[Harvard University]] ma merie ihe nrite Toppan nke mahadum maka edemede kacha mma na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2015/04/claudine-gay-named-dean-of-social-science/|title=Claudine Gay named dean of social science|last=Reuell|first=Peter|date=April 28, 2015|work=Harvard Gazette|access-date=April 14, 2017|language=en-US|archive-date=April 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415104054/http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2015/04/claudine-gay-named-dean-of-social-science/|url-status=live}}</ref> == Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Gay bụ osote prọfesọ, ma mesịa bụrụ prọfesọ n'onwe ya, na Ngalaba Sayensị Ndọrọndọrọ Ọchịchị nke Stanford site n'afọ 2000 ruo 2006. N'agụmakwụkwọ afọ 2003–2004, ọ bụ onye otu na Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences na Mahadum Stanford.<ref name=":2" /> Nnyocha Gay mere na-akọwa omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị Amerịka, gụnyere ndị ntuli aka, amụma gbasara ụlọ obibi, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke agbụrụ na njirimara.<ref name = "aaas-people"/> Mahadum Harvard kpọpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ prọfesọ nke gọọmentị n'afọ 2006, a họpụtakwara ya prọfesọ nke ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ndị Afrịka na Amerịka n'afọ 2007..<ref name = "news.harvard.edu">{{Cite web | date = December 15, 2022 | title = Harvard names Claudine Gay 30th president | url = https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2022/12/harvard-names-claudine-gay-30th-president/ | access-date = July 5, 2023 | website = Harvard Gazette | language = en-US | archive-date = December 22, 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221222180738/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2022/12/harvard-names-claudine-gay-30th-president/ | url-status = live }}</ref> === Ọkwa nchịkwa === N'afọ 2015, A họpụtara Gay dị ka onyeisi sayensị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na [[Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences]] (FAS) nakwa Prọfesọ Wilbur A. Cowett nke Gọọmentị na nke Ọmụmụ Ndị Africa na Ndị Africa-America. N'afọ 2018, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Dean nke Faculty of Arts and Sciences.<ref name = "aaas-people"/> Dị ka Dean nke FAS, nke na-ahụ maka ọmụmụ ihe graduate na undergraduate, Gay depụtara isi ihe anọ bụ́ isi ọ na-elekwasị anya na ha: ịbawanye ụdị dị iche iche n'etiti ndị nkuzi, ịkwado ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere mmasị n’ọmụmụ na-ejikọta ngalaba dị iche iche, ịgba ndị prọfesọ ume ka ha na-arụkọ ọrụ n'etiti ngalaba dị iche iche, na ịkwalite nsonye ndị nkuzi na ndụ obodo mahadum.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=September 2021 |title=The Art of the Dean |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |website=Harvard Magazine |access-date=July 5, 2023 |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070943/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |url-status=live }}</ref> N’oge ọ nọ n’ọkwa dị ka Dean, ihe ndị Gay lekwasịrị anya na ha gụnyere atụmatụ mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na ịbawanye ụdị agbụrụ dị iche iche n’ogige mahadum, n’etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị nkuzi.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Radsken |first=Jill |date=August 20, 2020 |title=Faculty of Arts and Sciences unveils anti-racism agenda |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/08/faculty-of-arts-and-sciences-unveils-its-anti-racism-agenda/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226194958/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/08/faculty-of-arts-and-sciences-unveils-its-anti-racism-agenda/ |archive-date=December 26, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[Harvard Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="Harvard Crimson">{{Cite news |last1=Hamid |first1=Rahem D. |last2=Schisgall |first2=Elias J. |date=May 25, 2023 |title=Dean Today, President Tomorrow: Gay Reflects on 5 Years Leading Harvard FAS |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/5/25/gay-reflects-five-years-feature/ |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111082635/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/5/25/gay-reflects-five-years-feature/ |archive-date=January 11, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọọst 2020, FAS were n’ọrụ onye osote onye isi ngalaba mbụ ya maka ọdịiche, nsonye, na inwe mmetụta nke ịbụ onye otu.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bikales |first=James S. |date=August 25, 2020 |title=FAS Hires Sheree Ohen as Inaugural Associate Dean of Diversity, Inclusion, and Belonging |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/8/25/fas-dean-diversity-equity-inclusion/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104095404/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/8/25/fas-dean-diversity-equity-inclusion/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Mgbe mkpebi Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke United States nke June 2023 gasịrị na ''Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard'', nke kpebiri na mmemme atụmatụ nkwado dabere n’agbụrụ n’ịnabata ụmụ akwụkwọ na kọleji megidere iwu obodo, Gay kwuru na Harvard ga-eso mkpebi ụlọikpe ahụ, “mana nke ahụ anaghị agbanwe ụkpụrụ anyị.”<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chan |first=Tiffany |date=June 29, 2023 |title='We're not important anymore': Supreme Court ruling sends shockwaves through college campuses |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/boston/news/supreme-court-affirmative-action-ruling-harvard-university/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111075734/https://www.cbsnews.com/boston/news/supreme-court-affirmative-action-ruling-harvard-university/ |archive-date=January 11, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=CBS News}}</ref> N’oge ọ nọ n’ọkwa onye isi ngalaba, Gay nyere ọtụtụ prọfesọ Harvard ntaramahụhụ n’ihi ebubo nke omume mmekọahụ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị. O wepụrụ ọkwa emeritus n’aka ndị prọfesọ lara ezumike nka bụ [[Jorge I. Domínguez]] na [[Gary Urton]], ma tinye ndị prọfesọ [[John Comaroff]] na [[Roland G. Fryer Jr.]] n’ezumike ọrụ, mgbe onye ọ bụla n’ime ha chere ebubo iyi egwu mmekọahụ ihu.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=May 9, 2019 |title=Harvard Prof. Dominguez Stripped of Emeritus Status Following Conclusion of Title IX Investigation |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/9/dominguez-investigation-closes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103133926/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/9/dominguez-investigation-closes/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Wang |first=Andy Z. |date=June 11, 2021 |title=Anthropology Prof. Urton Stripped of Emeritus Status, Barred From Campus Following Sexual Misconduct Investigation |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/6/11/urton-sanctions/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230824132430/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/6/11/urton-sanctions/ |archive-date=August 24, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Kim |first1=Ariel H. |last2=Xu |first2=Meimei |date=January 21, 2022 |title=Harvard Anthropology Prof. John Comaroff Placed on Leave Following Sexual Harassment, Professional Misconduct Inquiries |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/1/21/comaroff-unpaid-leave/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103133844/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/1/21/comaroff-unpaid-leave/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Avi-Yonah |first=Shera S. |date=July 10, 2019 |title=Harvard Places Fryer on Administrative Leave, Levies Sanctions |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/7/10/fryer-administrative-leave/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109185657/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/7/10/fryer-administrative-leave/ |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Gay nyekwara prọfesọ [[Martin Nowak]] ntaramahụhụ maka "omume na-adịghị mma" n'ihe gbasara mmekọrịta ya na onye omekome mmekọahụ [[Jeffrey Epstein]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=March 26, 2021 |title=Gay Levies Sanctions Against Prof. Nowak for Contacts With Jeffrey Epstein |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/3/26/gay-sanctions-nowak-epstein/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101102313/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/3/26/gay-sanctions-nowak-epstein/ |archive-date=November 1, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Prọfesọ [[Harvard Law School]] na onyeisi ngalaba Winthrop House [[Ronald S. Sullivan Jr.|Ronald Sullivan]] chere ngagharị iwe ụmụ akwụkwọ ihu n’oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 2019 mgbe o sonyechara n’òtù ndị ọka iwu na-agbachitere [[Harvey Weinstein]], bụ́ onye nọ n’ikpe maka ebubo idina mmadụ n’ike.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Streeter |first1=Kurt |date=January 4, 2024 |title=For Harvard's First Black President, Race Became the Unavoidable Issue |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/04/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-race.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104103252/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/04/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-race.html/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Gay kpọrọ nzaghachi Sullivan nyere maka esemokwu ahụ “ezughị ezu,” na-ekwu na ya nwere “ọrụ pụrụ iche” dị ka onye isi ụlọ obibi n’ilekọta ọdịmma ndị bi na Winthrop.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=February 12, 2019 |title=FAS Dean Claudine Gay Calls Sullivan's Response to Student Concerns 'Insufficient' |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/2/12/dean-gay-sullivan-response/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104040555/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/2/12/dean-gay-sullivan-response/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Onye isi [[Harvard College]], [[Rakesh Khurana]], kpebiri ịghara imegharị nkwekọrịta Sullivan dị ka onye isi ụlọ obibi Winthrop,<ref name="Rosenberg2">{{cite news |last1=Rosenberg |first1=John S. |last2=Bolotnikova |first2=Marina N. |date=July–August 2019 |title=From #MeToo fallout to undergraduate education and public service &#124; Harvard Magazine |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2019/06/news-briefs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929001839/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2019/06/news-briefs |archive-date=September 29, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[Harvard Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="05-11-20192">{{cite news |last1=Avi-Yonah |first1=Shera S. |last2=Ryan |first2=Aidan F. |date=May 11, 2019a |title=Winthrop Faculty Deans to Leave After Harvard Refuses to Renew Their Appointments |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/11/winthrop-faculty-deans-to-leave/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103191028/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/11/winthrop-faculty-deans-to-leave/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-13 |title=Harvard Won't Renew Faculty Deans' Terms Amid Outcry Over Harvey Weinstein Defense |url=https://www.wbur.org/news/2019/05/11/harvard-will-not-renew-faculty-deans-terms-amid-outcry-over-harvey-weinstein-defense |access-date=2024-01-16 |website=www.wbur.org |language=en}}</ref> mkpebi nke American Civil Liberties Union katọrọ.<ref name="11-19-2019">{{cite news |last1=Avi-Yonah |first1=Shera S. |last2=Franklin |first2=Delano R. |date=November 19, 2019b |title=Former Winthrop Dean Sullivan Criticizes Admins During Constitutional Law Society Event |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/11/19/sullivan-speaks-hucls-event/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104231558/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/11/19/sullivan-speaks-hucls-event/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Soave |first1=Robby |author-link1=Robby Soave |date=June 10, 2019 |title=ACLU Says Harvard 'Sacrificed Principles Central to Our Legal System' When It Fired Ron Sullivan |url=https://reason.com/2019/06/10/aclu-harvard-ron-sullivan/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202090339/https://reason.com/2019/06/10/aclu-harvard-ron-sullivan/ |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[Reason (magazine)|Reason]]}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, Gay kwuru na Harvard ga-achọ ị wee ọtụtụ prọfesọ ọmụmụ agbụrụ n'ọrụ,<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=October 4, 2019 |title=FAS Prioritizing Ethnic Studies Faculty Searches Despite Stagnant Overall Hiring, Dean Gay Says |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/10/4/fas-faculty-search/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230706232830/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/10/4/fas-faculty-search/ |archive-date=July 6, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> were mmadụ atọ n'ọrụ n'afọ 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Xu |first=Meimei |date=July 9, 2022 |title=Jesse Hoffnung-Garskof '93 Joins Harvard as Third Professor in Ethnic Studies Cluster Hire |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/7/9/Jesse-Hoffnung-Garskof-hire/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106192145/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/7/9/Jesse-Hoffnung-Garskof-hire/ |archive-date=January 6, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Mgbe ngagharị iwe gasịrị nke katọrọ ịjụ inye [[Lorgia García Peña]], onye ọkà mmụta gbasara agbụrụ na omenala, ọkwa onye prọfesọ na-adịgide adịgide na Harvard, Gay kwuru na Jenụwarị 2020 na ya ga-ebido nyocha usoro FAS si enye ndị prọfesọ ọkwa ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Bikales |first1=James S. |last2=Chen |first2=Kevin R. |date=January 3, 2020 |title=FAS Dean Gay to Review Tenure Promotion Process |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/1/3/fas-tenure-review-letter/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704200520/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/1/3/fas-tenure-review-letter/ |archive-date=July 4, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Nyocha ahụ, e wepụtara n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2021, kwuru na usoro Harvard si enye ndị ọkà mmụta ọkwa ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide bụ nke “a haziri nke ọma n’usoro ya” n’ọtụtụ akụkụ, mana ọ chọpụtakwara na ndị prọfesọ enweghị ntụkwasị obi zuru oke n’usoro ahụ, nakwa na mmụọ ọrụ ha banyere usoro ahụ adịghị elu.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=October 12, 2021 |title=FAS Review Largely Upholds Tenure System Despite Acknowledging 'Mistrust and Low Morale' |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/10/12/tenure-review-report-2021/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704193848/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/10/12/tenure-review-report-2021/ |archive-date=July 4, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Dị ka onyeisi ngalaba (Dean), Gay bụ onye lekọtara mmalite nke Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences ọhụrụ n'afọ 2021 na ogige Harvard dị na Allston, nke ọnụ ahịa owuwu ya ruru otu ijeri dọla. Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ gụnyekwara mmemme PhD na injinia kwantum.<ref name="Harvard Crimson" /> Harvard nwere nsogbu agụmakwụkwọ na ego n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19. Maka afọ ego 2020, Ngalaba nke Nka na Sayensị kọrọ na mfu ruru nde dọla $15.8.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=January 2021 |title=The Financial Fallout…So Far |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/01/jhj-financial-fallout |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070955/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/01/jhj-financial-fallout |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |access-date=July 5, 2023 |website=Harvard Magazine}}</ref> Na mmalite afọ 2021, Gay kwupụtara na ọnụ ahịa nke nkwa agụmakwụkwọ FAS dị oke elu karịa ego ọ na-enweta ma malite usoro iji belata mmefu.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=September 2021 |title=The Art of the Dean |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070943/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |access-date=July 5, 2023 |website=Harvard Magazine}}</ref> Ná ngwụcha afọ ahụ, FAS kwuru na o nwere ego fọdụrụ nke ruru nde dọla 51($51 million), nke bụ mmụba ma e jiri ya tụnyere mfu nde dọla 112 ($112 million ) e buru ụzọ tụọ anya.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=November 3, 2021 |title=Defying Projections, FAS Ends Fiscal Year with $51M Surplus |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/11/3/fas-annual-report-2021/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216025902/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/11/3/fas-annual-report-2021/ |archive-date=December 16, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |work=The Harvard Crimson}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye na ọkwa ya na Harvard, Gay jere ozi dịka osote onyeisi oche nke [[Midwest Political Science Association]] site n'afọ 2014 ruo 2017,<ref>{{cite web |title=Past Vice Presidents |website=MPSAnet.org |url=https://www.mpsanet.org/about/governance/past-mpsa-officers/ |access-date=January 20, 2023 |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120155451/https://www.mpsanet.org/about/governance/past-mpsa-officers/ |url-status=live }}</ref> nakwa dịka onye nlekọta Phillips Exeter site n'afọ 2017 ruo 2023.<ref name=":4" /> === Ọchịchị Mahadum Harvard === N'ọnwa Juun 2022, onye isi oche [[Harvard University]] [[Lawrence Bacow]] kwupụtara na ọ ga-agba arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa ahụ n'ime otu afọ. Kọmitii nchọta nke [[Penny Pritzker] duru tụlere ndị a họpụtara 600 ma họrọ Gay ka ọ nọchie Bacow. N'ọnwa Disemba 15, 2022, Harvard kwupụtara na a họpụtara Gay ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi oche nke Mahadum Harvard nke iri atọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 15, 2022|title=Claudine Gay: Harvard University picks first Black president|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-63990177|work=BBC News|first=Madeline|last=Halpert|access-date=December 7, 2023|archive-date=November 11, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231111125431/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-63990177|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=December 16, 2022 |title=Harvard names Claudine Gay as first ever Black president |work=[[United Press International]]|first=A. L.|last=Lee |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2022/12/16/harvard-first-black-woman-president/8271671192815 |access-date=December 19, 2022 |archive-date=December 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223023703/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2022/12/16/harvard-first-black-woman-president/8271671192815/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Ọ malitere ọrụ n'ọnwa Julaị 1, 2023, wee bụrụ onye isi ojii mbụ bụ onyeisi oche nke mahadum ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=With End of Affirmative Action, Claudine Gay Faces Unprecedented Challenges to Start Harvard Presidency|url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/7/4/claudine-gay-harvard-affirmative-action-analysis/|work=The Harvard Crimson|first1=Miles J.|last1=Herszenhorn|first2=Claire|last2=Yuan|date=July 4, 2023|access-date=December 12, 2023|archive-date=December 16, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216105326/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/7/4/claudine-gay-harvard-affirmative-action-analysis/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 21, 2021 |title=Homepage |url=https://www.harvard.edu/president/ |access-date=December 10, 2023 |website=Harvard University President |language=en-US |archive-date=December 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210044210/https://www.harvard.edu/president/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ==== Nnyocha izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi ==== N'oge na-adịghị anya ka e mechara ịnụ okwu n'ụlọ omebe iwu n'ọnwa Disemba, onye na-akwado echiche mgbanwe aka nri bụ [[Christopher Rufo]] na onye nta akụkọ bụ [[Aaron Sibarium]] boro Gay ebubo izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi.<ref name="diver-tg"/><ref name=":6">{{cite news |last1=Burns |first1=Hilary |last2=Damiano |first2=Mike |date=December 11, 2023 |title=Key Harvard oversight board offers silence as controversy engulfs Harvard president Claudine Gay |website=[[The Boston Globe]] |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/12/11/metro/harvard-president-testimony/ |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212041702/https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/12/11/metro/harvard-president-testimony/ |archive-date=December 12, 2023}}</ref> and by an anonymous complaint.<ref name="Schuessler" /> Dị ka ''The New York Times'' si chịkọta, ebubo ndị ahụ metụtara “iji ihe sitere n’ebe ndị ọzọ nweta n’enyeghị otuto ma ọ bụ ntụaka kwesịrị ekwesị nye ndị nwe ya... [nke gụnyere] site n’obere akụkụ nke nkọwa isiokwu ruo na paragraf ndị chịkọtara nchọpụta ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ọzọ, ebe a gbanwere naanị ntakịrị n’ụzọ e si dee ha, na n’ụfọdụ ọnọdụ, e nweghịdị ntụaka kpọmkwem nye ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ahụ.”<ref name="Schuessler"/> Ebubo ndị a ruru ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ikpe iri ise gụnyere akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ asatọ nke Gay dere, gụnyere edemede ya na ise n'ime edemede iri na otu o bipụtara.<ref name="Nguyen">{{cite news |last1=Nguyen |first1=Sophia |title=The plagiarism allegations against ex-Harvard president Claudine Gay, explained |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105133742/https://www.washingtonpost.com/books/2024/01/04/claudine-gay-plagiarism-examples-harvard/ |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/books/2024/01/04/claudine-gay-plagiarism-examples-harvard/ |archive-date=January 5, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=January 4, 2024}}</ref> [[Carol M. Swain]] boro Gay ebubo na o nyeghị ọrụ Swain otuto ma ọ bụ ntụaka sitere n'akwụkwọ ya nke afọ 1993, "Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress", nakwa edemede Swain dere bụ "Women and Blacks in Congress: 1870–1996" nke e bipụtara n'afọ 1997.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Carol |first=Swain |date=17 Dec 2023 |title=Claudine Gay and My Scholarship |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/claudine-gay-and-my-scholarship-plagiarism-elite-system-unearned-position-24e4a1b1 |journal=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2023, ''[[New York Post]]'' kpọtụụrụ Harvard ka o kwuo ihe ọ na-eche banyere akụkọ ha na-akwado ibipụta gbasara ihe atụ 27 a na-enyo enyo na ha bụ “izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi”. Harvard kpọrọ ebubo ''Post'' ahụ “ụgha a pụrụ igosi n'ụzọ doro anya”, ma yie akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ egwu ịgba ya akwụkwọ maka nkwutọ.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last1=Kettles |first1=Cam E. |last2=Robinson |first2=Tilly R. |date=December 25, 2023 |title=A Law Firm Said Plagiarism Allegations Against Harvard President Gay Were 'Demonstrably False.' Then She Submitted Corrections. |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/25/harvard-threaten-sue-post/ |access-date=December 26, 2023 |website=The Harvard Crimson |archive-date=December 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226002617/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/25/harvard-threaten-sue-post/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Na nzaghachi, Gay kwuru na ya kwụsiri ike n'ọrụ ya ma rịọ ka ndị ezi nyochaa ya.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":10" /> Ụlọ ọrụ Harvard (Harvard Corporation) kọrọ na nyocha ahụ chọpụtara “ọnọdụ ole na ole ebe enyeghị ntụaka zuru oke” na “iji okwu ndị yiri ibe ha ugboro ugboro n’enweghị inye otuto kwesịrị ekwesị” n’ọrụ ya, mana “enweghị mmebi nke ụkpụrụ Harvard gbasara omume ọjọọ n’ime nchọpụta.”<ref name="Schuessler"/><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |date=December 12, 2023 |title=Statement from the Harvard Corporation: Our President |url=https://www.harvard.edu/blog/2023/12/12/statement-from-the-harvard-corporation-our-president/ |access-date=December 21, 2023 |website=Harvard University |language=en-US |archive-date=December 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220222512/https://www.harvard.edu/blog/2023/12/12/statement-from-the-harvard-corporation-our-president/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":13">{{Cite web |last1=Robinson |first1=Tilly R. |last2=Shah |first2=Neil H. |date=December 21, 2023 |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay to Submit 3 Additional Corrections, Corporation Says Improper Citations Fall Short of Research Misconduct |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/21/gay-plagiarism-dissertation-corrections/ |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=www.thecrimson.com |archive-date=December 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225025004/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/21/gay-plagiarism-dissertation-corrections/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Nyocha nke ''[[The Harvard Crimson]]'' na [[CNN]] jụrụ nkwupụta Harvard ahụ, na-achọpụta na o yikarịrị ka Gay emebiri iwu mahadum ahụ gbasara izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi na iguzosi ike n’ezi ihe n’ihe ọmụmụ.<ref>Quotes from ''The Harvard Crimson'' and CNN: * {{harvnb|Hamid|Orakwue|Schisgall|2023|loc=: "The Crimson independently reviewed the published allegations. Though some are minor — consisting of passages that are similar or identical to Gay’s sources, lacking quotation marks but including citations — others are more substantial, including some paragraphs and sentences nearly identical to other work and lacking citations. Some appear to violate Harvard's current policies around plagiarism and academic integrity."}} * {{harvnb|Steck|2023|loc=: "Harvard President Claudine Gay recently requested corrections for two of her academic papers, but she did not address even clearer examples of plagiarism from earlier in her academic history at the school, according to a CNN analysis of her writings... Both offenses appear to go against Harvard’s guide on plagiarism, which clearly states, 'it is considered plagiarism to draw any idea or any language from someone else without adequately crediting that source in your paper.{{'"}}}} </ref><ref name="Hamid">{{cite news |last1=Hamid |first1=Rahem D. |last2=Orakwue |first2=Nia L. |last3=Schisgall |first3=Elias J. |title=Despite Support From Corporation, Harvard President Gay Under Fire Over Plagiarism Allegations |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109233800/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/12/allegations-plagiarism-gay-dissertation/ |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/12/allegations-plagiarism-gay-dissertation/ |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]] |date=December 12, 2023}}</ref><ref name="Steck">{{cite news |last1=Steck |first1=Em |title=Harvard president's corrections do not address her clearest instances of plagiarism, including as a student in the 1990s |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107151033/https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/20/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-plagiarism/index.html |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/20/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-plagiarism/index.html |archive-date=January 7, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[CNN]] |date=December 20, 2023}}</ref> Gay rịọrọ ka e mee mmezi asaa iji tinye ntụaka na akara okwu n’akwụkwọ nyocha ya na abụọ n’ime edemede ya.<ref name=":8" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Souza |first1=Sabrina |last2=Egan |first2=Matt |date=December 15, 2023 |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay corrects two scholarly articles following allegations of plagiarism |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/12/15/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-corrects-scholarly-articles-plagiarism-allegations/index.html |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[CNN]] |archive-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216093134/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/12/15/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-corrects-scholarly-articles-plagiarism-allegations/index.html?utm_source=business_ribbon |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Nguyen" /> Ọkà mmụta agụmakwụkwọ bụ [[Joseph M. Reagle Jr.|Joseph Reagle]] kwuru na akụkọ ndị mgbasa ozi kwuru na Gay “zuru echiche” pụtara na ọ zuru echiche ndị bụ isi dị n’ọrụ ya, ma kwuo sị, “Echeghị m na nke a bụ ihe mere.” Otú ọ dị, o kwuru na ọrụ ahụ “nwere akụkụ ederede e depụtaghachiri n’enyeghị otuto kwesịrị ekwesị. Nke a bụ mmebi iwu dị nta, mana ọ ka dị mkpa.”<ref name="Slate 19 January 2024">{{cite news |last1=Harrison |first1=Stephen |title=Yes, Copying From Wikipedia Is Plagiarism |url=https://slate.com/technology/2024/01/is-copying-from-wikipedia-plagiarism.html |access-date=20 January 2024 |work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |date=19 January 2024}}</ref> Ọkà mmụta agụmakwụkwọ William Arighi, n’akwụkwọ o dere maka ''[[American Association of University Professors|Journal of Academic Freedom]]'', mechara kọwaa ihe ndị ahụ mere dị ka “mgbalị na-abụghị nke ịkwalite eziokwu, kama ọ bụ nke ịkwado ebumnuche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.”<ref name=":14">{{Cite journal |last=Arighi |first=William |title=Claudine Gay, Plagiarism, and AI |url=https://www.aaup.org/JAF15/claudine-gay-plagiarism-and-ai |journal=[[Journal of Academic Freedom]] |volume=15}}</ref> N'ịzaghachi ebubo ndị a, Kọmitii Ụlọ Ndị Omeiwu nke United States maka Mmụta na Ndị Ọrụ (United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce|congressional committee) nke mere nzukọ ahụ gbasara mmegide ndị Juu kwuru na ha ga-enyocha ọrụ Gay, ma rịọ mahadum ka ha mepụta nkwukọrịta na akwụkwọ ndị metụtara ya.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Egan |first=Matt |date=2023-12-29 |title=Harvard granted extension to respond to House on plagiarism scandal |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/29/business/harvard-plagiarism-claudine-gay-education-committee/index.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=[[CNN]] |language=en |archive-date=December 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230141532/https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/29/business/harvard-plagiarism-claudine-gay-education-committee/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Matza |first=Max |date=December 21, 2023 |title=Claudine Gay: New problems found in Harvard president's work |language=en-GB |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-67782799 |access-date=December 24, 2023 |archive-date=December 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224040344/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-67782799 |url-status=live }}</ref> ==== Ịgba arụkwaghịm ==== N'ọnwa Jenụwarị 2, 2024, Gay kwupụtara na ọ na-agba arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa ya.<ref name=resignation>{{Cite web |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay Resigns, Shortest Tenure in University History {{!}} News {{!}} The Harvard Crimson |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2024/1/3/claudine-gay-resign-harvard/ |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=www.thecrimson.com |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102223704/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2024/1/3/claudine-gay-resign-harvard/ |url-status=live }}</ref> N’ozi-e (email) o zigara ndị mmekọ ya, Gay dere sị, “Ọ bụ ihe na-ewute m ịhụ na a na-etinye obi abụọ n’ịkwenye m ịlụso ịkpọasị ọgụ na ịkwado ịdị uchu n’ihe ọmụmụ—ụkpụrụ abụọ bụ́ ntọala dị mkpa nke onye m bụ—nakwa na ọ na-atụ m ụjọ<ref name="Walker">{{Cite news |last=Walker |first=Adria R. |date=2024-01-03 |title='Racist, vicious': academics decry rightwing attacks on Claudine Gay |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/racist-rightwing-attacks-claudine-gay-former-harvard-president |access-date=2024-03-07 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> ịbụ onye a na-awakpo n’onwe ya ma na-enweta iyi egwu ndị ịkpọasị agbụrụ kpaliri.”<ref name="guard2-2jan2024">{{cite news |date=January 2, 2024 |title=Harvard president Claudine Gay's resignation letter in full |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resignation-letter |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102221032/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resignation-letter |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |access-date=January 2, 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> N’akwụkwọ echiche o dere n’echi ya, Gay kwuru na ya “mere njehie”, mana na ọkpụkpọ òkù a kpọrọ ya ka ọ gbaa akaebe n’ihu Congress gbasara ịkpọasị megide ndị Juu bụ “ọnyà a haziri nke ọma”, nakwa na mkpọsa e mere iji chụpụ ya bụ “ọgụ nta so n’agha sara mbara iji mebie ntụkwasị obi ọha na e nwere n’ogidi ndị bụ isi nke ọha America”.<ref name="guard-4jan2024">{{cite news |last1=Beckett |first1=Lois |title=Ousted Harvard president Claudine Gay warns of 'a broader war' in op-ed |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/claudine-gay-harvard-president-resignation-new-york-times-op-ed |access-date=January 4, 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=January 4, 2024 |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104033121/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/claudine-gay-harvard-president-resignation-new-york-times-op-ed |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="nyt-3jan2024">{{cite news |last1=Gay |first1=Claudine |title=Claudine Gay: What Just Happened at Harvard Is Bigger Than Me |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/03/opinion/claudine-gay-harvard-president.html |access-date=January 4, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 3, 2024 |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104000534/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/03/opinion/claudine-gay-harvard-president.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Walker"/> o23enf49j3d1f8foojsq5c7pkp9nuju 729864 729836 2026-10-01T16:19:01Z Chrysella 12967 /* Ịgba arụkwaghịm */ 729864 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American political scientist and university administrator (born 1970)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=December 2023}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Claudine Gay | image = Inauguration of Claudine Gay as President of Harvard University (3) (cropped).jpg | caption = Gay in 2023 | office = 30th [[President of Harvard University]] | term_start = July 1, 2023 | term_end = January 2, 2024 | predecessor = [[Lawrence Bacow]] | successor = [[Alan Garber]] | office1 = Dean of the [[Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences]] | term_start1 = August 15, 2018 | term_end1 = June 30, 2023 | predecessor1 = [[Michael D. Smith (computer scientist)|Michael Smith]] | successor1 = [[Emma Dench]] (interim)<br>[[Hopi Hoekstra]] | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1970|08|04}} | birth_place = [[New York City]], U.S. | death_date = | death_place = | spouse = Christopher Afendulis | children = 1 | education = [[Princeton University]]<br>[[Stanford University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br>[[Harvard University]] ([[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]]) | relatives = [[Roxane Gay]] (cousin) | module = {{Infobox academic |embed = yes |discipline = [[Political science]] |thesis_title = Taking charge: Black electoral success and the redefinition of American politics |thesis_url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/304343028/fulltextPDF/E3586B8D78E3408DPQ/ |thesis_year = 1997 | doctoral_advisor = [[Gary King (political scientist)|Gary King]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-03 |title=Excerpts From Dr. Claudine Gay's Work – The New York Times |website=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/21/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-excerpts.html |access-date=2024-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103102250/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/21/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-excerpts.html |archive-date=January 3, 2024 }}</ref> |workplaces = [[Stanford University]] (2000–2006)<br>[[Harvard University]] (2006–present)}} }} [[w:ig: Claudine Gay|Claudine Gay]](amụrụ n'ọnwa Ọgọọst 4, 1970)<ref name=":11" /> bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Amerịka, onye bụkwa Prọfesọ Wilbur A. Cowett nke Gọọmentị na Ọmụmụ Ihe Ndị Afrịka na Ndị Afrịka-Amerịka na [[Harvard University]]. Nnyocha ya lekwasịrị anya n'omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Amerịka, gụnyere ndị ntuli aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke agbụrụ na njirimara.<ref name = "aaas-people">{{Cite web | title = Claudine Gay | url = https://aaas.fas.harvard.edu/people/claudine-gay | access-date = December 10, 2023 | website = aaas.fas.harvard.edu | language = en | archive-date = December 7, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231207223229/https://aaas.fas.harvard.edu/people/claudine-gay | url-status = live }}</ref> Gay jere ozi dị ka diin nke Social Sciences na Harvard site n'afọ 2015 ruo 2018, dị ka diin (dean) nke Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences site n'afọ 2018 ruo 2023, na dị ka onyeisi nke Mahadum Harvard nke iri atọ (30th) site n'ọnwa Julaị 2023 ruo Jenụwarị 2024. N'ọnwa Disemba 2023, Gay na ndị isi oche mahadum abụọ nwere nrụgide sitere n'aka ọha na eze<ref name="WSJ-10-11">{{Cite web |last1=Belkin |first1=Douglas |last2=Ellis |first2=Lindsay |date=October 11, 2023 |title=Blaming Israel for Hamas Attacks Sparks Backlash Across U.S., Exposing Deep Rifts |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/israel-hamas-attack-us-backlash-ff5f25e8 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013013849/https://www.wsj.com/us-news/israel-hamas-attack-us-backlash-ff5f25e8 |archive-date=October 13, 2023 |access-date=October 13, 2023 |work=The Wall Street Journal |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="NYT1010">{{Cite news |last1=Hartocollis |first1=Anemona |last2=Saul |first2=Stephanie |last3=Patel |first3=Vimal |date=October 10, 2023 |title=At Harvard, a Battle Over What Should Be Said About the Hamas Attacks |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/10/us/harvard-israel-gaza-hamas-reaction.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013013842/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/10/us/harvard-israel-gaza-hamas-reaction.html |archive-date=October 13, 2023 |access-date=October 13, 2023 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> na kwa site na Nnọkọ Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke 2023 gbasara mmegide Ndị Juu|kọmiti Ndị Omeiwu (2023 United States Congress hearing on antisemitism|congressional committee) ịgba arụkwaghịm, n'ihi azịza nye ebubo nke ime ihe ike mmegide ndị Juu n'ogige agụmakwụkwọ ahụ.<ref name="AB-1206">{{Cite web |last=Hensley |first=Sarah Beth |date=December 6, 2023 |title=Harvard's president answers backlash over response to calls for 'genocide of Jews' |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/harvards-president-answers-backlash-response-calls-genocide-jews/story |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207015000/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/harvards-president-answers-backlash-response-calls-genocide-jews/story?id=105433835 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |website=ABC News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Al-Jazeera-1206">{{Cite web |date=December 6, 2023 |title=How are Harvard, Penn presidents responding to campus anti-Semitism row? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/7/how-are-harvard-penn-presidents-responding-to-campus-anti-semitism-row |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207164401/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/7/how-are-harvard-penn-presidents-responding-to-campus-anti-semitism-row |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="NYT1206">{{Cite web | date = December 6, 2023 | title = College Presidents Under Fire After Dodging Questions About Antisemitism | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/06/us/harvard-mit-penn-presidents-antisemitism.html | access-date = December 7, 2023 | website = [[The New York Times]] | first1 = Stephanie | last1 = Saul | first2 = Anemona | last2 = Hartocollis | language = en-US | archive-date = December 8, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231208061344/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/06/us/harvard-mit-penn-presidents-antisemitism.html | url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Korn |first=Melissa |date=2023-12-10 |title=Penn President, Board Chair Resign After Furor Over Comments on Campus Antisemitism |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/university-of-pennsylvania-president-resigns-amid-furor-over-comments-on-antisemitism-on-campus-658d74cd |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=WSJ |language=en-US |archive-date=December 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210102101/https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/university-of-pennsylvania-president-resigns-amid-furor-over-comments-on-antisemitism-on-campus-658d74cd |url-status=live }}</ref> N'etiti mkpọsa nrụgide a, a boro Gay ebubo na ọ zuru ọrụ ọgụgụ isi n’akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ndị o bipụtara,<ref name="diver-tg">{{cite news | last1 = Diver | first1 = Tony | title = Harvard University president Claudine Gay accused of plagiarism amid anti-Semitism row | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231211182150/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/12/11/harvard-president-accused-plagiarism-amid-anti-semitism-row/ | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/12/11/harvard-president-accused-plagiarism-amid-anti-semitism-row/ | archive-date = December 11, 2023 | access-date = December 11, 2023 | website = [[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]] | date = December 11, 2023}}</ref><ref name="Schuessler">{{Cite news | last = Schuessler | first = Jennifer | date = 2023-12-21 | title = Harvard Finds More Instances of 'Duplicative Language' in President's Work | language = en-US | work = The New York Times | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/20/us/harvard-claudine-gay-plagiarism.html | access-date = 2024-01-01 | issn = 0362-4331 | archive-date = December 26, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231226105816/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/20/us/harvard-claudine-gay-plagiarism.html | url-status = live }}</ref><ref name=":12" /> ọ bụ ezie na ebubo ndị a agbaghaala.<ref name=":13" /><ref name=":14" /> N'ọnwa Jenụwarị 2024, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa onyeisi oche.<ref name="guard-2jan2024">{{cite news | last1 = Walker | first1 = Adria R. | title = Harvard president resigns amid claims of plagiarism and antisemitism backlash | url = https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resigns | access-date = January 2, 2024 | work = [[The Guardian]] | date = January 2, 2024 | archive-date = January 2, 2024 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240102210529/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resigns | url-status = live }}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Amụrụ Gay na [[The Bronx]] n'ọnwa Ọgọọst 4, 1970,<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |date=2023-01-11 |title="CLAUDINE GAY (1970-)" |url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/claudine-gay-1970/ |access-date=2024-04-09 |first= Malik |last=Simba |website=BlackPast.org |language=en}}</ref> ma too mbụ na [[New York City]], ya na nwanne ya nwoke nke tọrọ ya, Sony Gay, Jr.<ref name="the-scholar">{{Cite web |title=The Scholar Everyone Sought: Claudine Gay, Harvard's Next President |first= Miles J. |last=Herszenhorn|author2= Claire Yuan | website = The Harvard Crimson | url = https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/1/27/claudine-gay-presidential-profile/|date=January 27, 2023 |access-date=December 13, 2023 | archive-date = July 2, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230702132518/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/1/27/claudine-gay-presidential-profile/ | url-status = live }}</ref> Ndị mụrụ ya bụ ụmụ akwụkwọ mba ofesi si [[Haiti]], bụ́ ndị zutere na New York City dị ka ụmụ akwụkwọ kọleji n'afọ 1967. Nne ya, Claudette Gay, née Bateau (1946–2023), gụrụ akwụkwọ nọọsụ, nna ya agụọ injinịa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-29 |title='Courage to Be Harvard' |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2023/10/feature-president-gay-installation-address |access-date=2024-04-09 |first= Claudine |last=Gay |website=harvard.edu |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite news|url=http://afropunk.com/2018/07/meet-the-haitian-american-woman-whos-harvards-new-dean-of-the-faculty-of-arts-science/|title=Meet the Haitian-American woman who's Harvard's new Dean of the Faculty of Arts & Science|date=July 25, 2018|work=Afropunk|access-date=August 20, 2018|archive-date=August 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820074606/http://afropunk.com/2018/07/meet-the-haitian-american-woman-whos-harvards-new-dean-of-the-faculty-of-arts-science/|url-status=live}}</ref> Mgbe ọ ka bụ nwata, Gay na ezinụlọ ya kwagara [[Saudi Arabia]], ebe nna ya, Sony Gay, Sr., rụrụ ndị [[United States Army Corps of Engineers]] ọrụ.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=July 23, 2018 |title=Claudine Gay named Harvard FAS dean |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2018/07/claudine-gay-named-harvard-fas-dean/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221221121625/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2018/07/claudine-gay-named-harvard-fas-dean/ |archive-date=December 21, 2022 |access-date=July 24, 2018 |work=Harvard Gazette |language=en-US}}</ref> Ezinụlọ áhù laghachiri United States ma bie na [[Georgia (US State)|Georgia]] ya na [[Colorado]].<ref name="the-scholar" /> Onye edemede [[Feminism|feminist]] [[Roxane Gay]] bụ nwanne nna mbụ nke Gay.<ref name="the-scholar" /><ref name=":3" /> Ezinụlọ ha nwere ma na-arụkwa ụlọ ọrụ simenti kachasị ukwuu na Haiti, nke dị na [[Port-au-Prince]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2024/01/claudine-gay-harvard-plagiarism/677007/ |title=The Real Harvard Scandal |first=Tyler Austin |last=Harper |date=January 3, 2024 |work=The Atlantic |access-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103235311/https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2024/01/claudine-gay-harvard-plagiarism/677007/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=GDG Concrete & Construction |url=http://www.gdgbeton.com/english/personnel.html |website=www.gdgbeton.com |access-date=2024-04-09}}</ref> Gay gara Phillips Exeter Academy, ụlọ akwụkwọ nkeonwe (ụlọ akwụkwọ obibi) na [[Exeter, New Hampshire]],<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.exeter.edu/about-us/governance/meet-our-trustees|title=Meet Our Trustees {{!}} Phillips Exeter Academy|website=www.exeter.edu|access-date=February 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202190111/https://www.exeter.edu/about-us/governance/meet-our-trustees|archive-date=February 2, 2018}}</ref> ebe ọ gụchara akwụkwọ n'afọ 1988.<ref name="the-scholar" /> Ọ gara [[Princeton University]] otu afọ <ref name="the-scholar" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=December 12, 2023 |title=Who is Claudine Gay, Harvard's president? And how has she made history? |url=https://www.wbaltv.com/article/claudine-gay-harvards-president/46105240 |access-date=December 13, 2023 |website=WBAL |language=en |archive-date=December 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213062711/https://www.wbaltv.com/article/claudine-gay-harvards-president/46105240 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Stanford Daily Archives |url=https://archives.stanforddaily.com/1989/09/21?page=11&section=MODSMD_ARTICLE17 |access-date=December 13, 2023 |website=archives.stanforddaily.com |archive-date=December 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213062712/https://archives.stanforddaily.com/1989/09/21?page=11&section=MODSMD_ARTICLE17 |url-status=live }}</ref> tupu ọ gaa [[Stanford University]] ebe ọ gụrụ Akụnụba (Economics) dị ka isi ngalaba ọmụmụ ya, wee gụchaa akwụkwọ n'afọ 1992, nata ihe nrite Anna Laura Myers maka akwụkwọ edemede pụrụ iche maka akụnụba.<ref name=":2" /> Gay nwetara akara ugo mmụta [[Dọkịta Nkà Ihe Ọmụma | Ph.D.]] na 1998 site na [[Harvard University]] ma merie ihe nrite Toppan nke mahadum maka edemede kacha mma na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2015/04/claudine-gay-named-dean-of-social-science/|title=Claudine Gay named dean of social science|last=Reuell|first=Peter|date=April 28, 2015|work=Harvard Gazette|access-date=April 14, 2017|language=en-US|archive-date=April 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415104054/http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2015/04/claudine-gay-named-dean-of-social-science/|url-status=live}}</ref> == Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Gay bụ osote prọfesọ, ma mesịa bụrụ prọfesọ n'onwe ya, na Ngalaba Sayensị Ndọrọndọrọ Ọchịchị nke Stanford site n'afọ 2000 ruo 2006. N'agụmakwụkwọ afọ 2003–2004, ọ bụ onye otu na Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences na Mahadum Stanford.<ref name=":2" /> Nnyocha Gay mere na-akọwa omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị Amerịka, gụnyere ndị ntuli aka, amụma gbasara ụlọ obibi, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke agbụrụ na njirimara.<ref name = "aaas-people"/> Mahadum Harvard kpọpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ prọfesọ nke gọọmentị n'afọ 2006, a họpụtakwara ya prọfesọ nke ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ndị Afrịka na Amerịka n'afọ 2007..<ref name = "news.harvard.edu">{{Cite web | date = December 15, 2022 | title = Harvard names Claudine Gay 30th president | url = https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2022/12/harvard-names-claudine-gay-30th-president/ | access-date = July 5, 2023 | website = Harvard Gazette | language = en-US | archive-date = December 22, 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221222180738/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2022/12/harvard-names-claudine-gay-30th-president/ | url-status = live }}</ref> === Ọkwa nchịkwa === N'afọ 2015, A họpụtara Gay dị ka onyeisi sayensị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na [[Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences]] (FAS) nakwa Prọfesọ Wilbur A. Cowett nke Gọọmentị na nke Ọmụmụ Ndị Africa na Ndị Africa-America. N'afọ 2018, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Dean nke Faculty of Arts and Sciences.<ref name = "aaas-people"/> Dị ka Dean nke FAS, nke na-ahụ maka ọmụmụ ihe graduate na undergraduate, Gay depụtara isi ihe anọ bụ́ isi ọ na-elekwasị anya na ha: ịbawanye ụdị dị iche iche n'etiti ndị nkuzi, ịkwado ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere mmasị n’ọmụmụ na-ejikọta ngalaba dị iche iche, ịgba ndị prọfesọ ume ka ha na-arụkọ ọrụ n'etiti ngalaba dị iche iche, na ịkwalite nsonye ndị nkuzi na ndụ obodo mahadum.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=September 2021 |title=The Art of the Dean |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |website=Harvard Magazine |access-date=July 5, 2023 |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070943/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |url-status=live }}</ref> N’oge ọ nọ n’ọkwa dị ka Dean, ihe ndị Gay lekwasịrị anya na ha gụnyere atụmatụ mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na ịbawanye ụdị agbụrụ dị iche iche n’ogige mahadum, n’etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị nkuzi.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Radsken |first=Jill |date=August 20, 2020 |title=Faculty of Arts and Sciences unveils anti-racism agenda |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/08/faculty-of-arts-and-sciences-unveils-its-anti-racism-agenda/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226194958/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/08/faculty-of-arts-and-sciences-unveils-its-anti-racism-agenda/ |archive-date=December 26, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[Harvard Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="Harvard Crimson">{{Cite news |last1=Hamid |first1=Rahem D. |last2=Schisgall |first2=Elias J. |date=May 25, 2023 |title=Dean Today, President Tomorrow: Gay Reflects on 5 Years Leading Harvard FAS |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/5/25/gay-reflects-five-years-feature/ |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111082635/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/5/25/gay-reflects-five-years-feature/ |archive-date=January 11, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọọst 2020, FAS were n’ọrụ onye osote onye isi ngalaba mbụ ya maka ọdịiche, nsonye, na inwe mmetụta nke ịbụ onye otu.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bikales |first=James S. |date=August 25, 2020 |title=FAS Hires Sheree Ohen as Inaugural Associate Dean of Diversity, Inclusion, and Belonging |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/8/25/fas-dean-diversity-equity-inclusion/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104095404/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/8/25/fas-dean-diversity-equity-inclusion/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Mgbe mkpebi Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke United States nke June 2023 gasịrị na ''Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard'', nke kpebiri na mmemme atụmatụ nkwado dabere n’agbụrụ n’ịnabata ụmụ akwụkwọ na kọleji megidere iwu obodo, Gay kwuru na Harvard ga-eso mkpebi ụlọikpe ahụ, “mana nke ahụ anaghị agbanwe ụkpụrụ anyị.”<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chan |first=Tiffany |date=June 29, 2023 |title='We're not important anymore': Supreme Court ruling sends shockwaves through college campuses |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/boston/news/supreme-court-affirmative-action-ruling-harvard-university/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111075734/https://www.cbsnews.com/boston/news/supreme-court-affirmative-action-ruling-harvard-university/ |archive-date=January 11, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=CBS News}}</ref> N’oge ọ nọ n’ọkwa onye isi ngalaba, Gay nyere ọtụtụ prọfesọ Harvard ntaramahụhụ n’ihi ebubo nke omume mmekọahụ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị. O wepụrụ ọkwa emeritus n’aka ndị prọfesọ lara ezumike nka bụ [[Jorge I. Domínguez]] na [[Gary Urton]], ma tinye ndị prọfesọ [[John Comaroff]] na [[Roland G. Fryer Jr.]] n’ezumike ọrụ, mgbe onye ọ bụla n’ime ha chere ebubo iyi egwu mmekọahụ ihu.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=May 9, 2019 |title=Harvard Prof. Dominguez Stripped of Emeritus Status Following Conclusion of Title IX Investigation |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/9/dominguez-investigation-closes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103133926/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/9/dominguez-investigation-closes/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Wang |first=Andy Z. |date=June 11, 2021 |title=Anthropology Prof. Urton Stripped of Emeritus Status, Barred From Campus Following Sexual Misconduct Investigation |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/6/11/urton-sanctions/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230824132430/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/6/11/urton-sanctions/ |archive-date=August 24, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Kim |first1=Ariel H. |last2=Xu |first2=Meimei |date=January 21, 2022 |title=Harvard Anthropology Prof. John Comaroff Placed on Leave Following Sexual Harassment, Professional Misconduct Inquiries |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/1/21/comaroff-unpaid-leave/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103133844/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/1/21/comaroff-unpaid-leave/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Avi-Yonah |first=Shera S. |date=July 10, 2019 |title=Harvard Places Fryer on Administrative Leave, Levies Sanctions |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/7/10/fryer-administrative-leave/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109185657/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/7/10/fryer-administrative-leave/ |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Gay nyekwara prọfesọ [[Martin Nowak]] ntaramahụhụ maka "omume na-adịghị mma" n'ihe gbasara mmekọrịta ya na onye omekome mmekọahụ [[Jeffrey Epstein]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=March 26, 2021 |title=Gay Levies Sanctions Against Prof. Nowak for Contacts With Jeffrey Epstein |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/3/26/gay-sanctions-nowak-epstein/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101102313/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/3/26/gay-sanctions-nowak-epstein/ |archive-date=November 1, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Prọfesọ [[Harvard Law School]] na onyeisi ngalaba Winthrop House [[Ronald S. Sullivan Jr.|Ronald Sullivan]] chere ngagharị iwe ụmụ akwụkwọ ihu n’oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 2019 mgbe o sonyechara n’òtù ndị ọka iwu na-agbachitere [[Harvey Weinstein]], bụ́ onye nọ n’ikpe maka ebubo idina mmadụ n’ike.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Streeter |first1=Kurt |date=January 4, 2024 |title=For Harvard's First Black President, Race Became the Unavoidable Issue |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/04/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-race.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104103252/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/04/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-race.html/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Gay kpọrọ nzaghachi Sullivan nyere maka esemokwu ahụ “ezughị ezu,” na-ekwu na ya nwere “ọrụ pụrụ iche” dị ka onye isi ụlọ obibi n’ilekọta ọdịmma ndị bi na Winthrop.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=February 12, 2019 |title=FAS Dean Claudine Gay Calls Sullivan's Response to Student Concerns 'Insufficient' |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/2/12/dean-gay-sullivan-response/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104040555/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/2/12/dean-gay-sullivan-response/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Onye isi [[Harvard College]], [[Rakesh Khurana]], kpebiri ịghara imegharị nkwekọrịta Sullivan dị ka onye isi ụlọ obibi Winthrop,<ref name="Rosenberg2">{{cite news |last1=Rosenberg |first1=John S. |last2=Bolotnikova |first2=Marina N. |date=July–August 2019 |title=From #MeToo fallout to undergraduate education and public service &#124; Harvard Magazine |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2019/06/news-briefs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929001839/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2019/06/news-briefs |archive-date=September 29, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[Harvard Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="05-11-20192">{{cite news |last1=Avi-Yonah |first1=Shera S. |last2=Ryan |first2=Aidan F. |date=May 11, 2019a |title=Winthrop Faculty Deans to Leave After Harvard Refuses to Renew Their Appointments |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/11/winthrop-faculty-deans-to-leave/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103191028/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/11/winthrop-faculty-deans-to-leave/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-13 |title=Harvard Won't Renew Faculty Deans' Terms Amid Outcry Over Harvey Weinstein Defense |url=https://www.wbur.org/news/2019/05/11/harvard-will-not-renew-faculty-deans-terms-amid-outcry-over-harvey-weinstein-defense |access-date=2024-01-16 |website=www.wbur.org |language=en}}</ref> mkpebi nke American Civil Liberties Union katọrọ.<ref name="11-19-2019">{{cite news |last1=Avi-Yonah |first1=Shera S. |last2=Franklin |first2=Delano R. |date=November 19, 2019b |title=Former Winthrop Dean Sullivan Criticizes Admins During Constitutional Law Society Event |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/11/19/sullivan-speaks-hucls-event/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104231558/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/11/19/sullivan-speaks-hucls-event/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Soave |first1=Robby |author-link1=Robby Soave |date=June 10, 2019 |title=ACLU Says Harvard 'Sacrificed Principles Central to Our Legal System' When It Fired Ron Sullivan |url=https://reason.com/2019/06/10/aclu-harvard-ron-sullivan/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202090339/https://reason.com/2019/06/10/aclu-harvard-ron-sullivan/ |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[Reason (magazine)|Reason]]}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, Gay kwuru na Harvard ga-achọ ị wee ọtụtụ prọfesọ ọmụmụ agbụrụ n'ọrụ,<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=October 4, 2019 |title=FAS Prioritizing Ethnic Studies Faculty Searches Despite Stagnant Overall Hiring, Dean Gay Says |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/10/4/fas-faculty-search/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230706232830/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/10/4/fas-faculty-search/ |archive-date=July 6, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> were mmadụ atọ n'ọrụ n'afọ 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Xu |first=Meimei |date=July 9, 2022 |title=Jesse Hoffnung-Garskof '93 Joins Harvard as Third Professor in Ethnic Studies Cluster Hire |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/7/9/Jesse-Hoffnung-Garskof-hire/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106192145/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/7/9/Jesse-Hoffnung-Garskof-hire/ |archive-date=January 6, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Mgbe ngagharị iwe gasịrị nke katọrọ ịjụ inye [[Lorgia García Peña]], onye ọkà mmụta gbasara agbụrụ na omenala, ọkwa onye prọfesọ na-adịgide adịgide na Harvard, Gay kwuru na Jenụwarị 2020 na ya ga-ebido nyocha usoro FAS si enye ndị prọfesọ ọkwa ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Bikales |first1=James S. |last2=Chen |first2=Kevin R. |date=January 3, 2020 |title=FAS Dean Gay to Review Tenure Promotion Process |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/1/3/fas-tenure-review-letter/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704200520/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/1/3/fas-tenure-review-letter/ |archive-date=July 4, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Nyocha ahụ, e wepụtara n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2021, kwuru na usoro Harvard si enye ndị ọkà mmụta ọkwa ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide bụ nke “a haziri nke ọma n’usoro ya” n’ọtụtụ akụkụ, mana ọ chọpụtakwara na ndị prọfesọ enweghị ntụkwasị obi zuru oke n’usoro ahụ, nakwa na mmụọ ọrụ ha banyere usoro ahụ adịghị elu.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=October 12, 2021 |title=FAS Review Largely Upholds Tenure System Despite Acknowledging 'Mistrust and Low Morale' |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/10/12/tenure-review-report-2021/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704193848/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/10/12/tenure-review-report-2021/ |archive-date=July 4, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Dị ka onyeisi ngalaba (Dean), Gay bụ onye lekọtara mmalite nke Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences ọhụrụ n'afọ 2021 na ogige Harvard dị na Allston, nke ọnụ ahịa owuwu ya ruru otu ijeri dọla. Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ gụnyekwara mmemme PhD na injinia kwantum.<ref name="Harvard Crimson" /> Harvard nwere nsogbu agụmakwụkwọ na ego n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19. Maka afọ ego 2020, Ngalaba nke Nka na Sayensị kọrọ na mfu ruru nde dọla $15.8.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=January 2021 |title=The Financial Fallout…So Far |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/01/jhj-financial-fallout |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070955/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/01/jhj-financial-fallout |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |access-date=July 5, 2023 |website=Harvard Magazine}}</ref> Na mmalite afọ 2021, Gay kwupụtara na ọnụ ahịa nke nkwa agụmakwụkwọ FAS dị oke elu karịa ego ọ na-enweta ma malite usoro iji belata mmefu.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=September 2021 |title=The Art of the Dean |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070943/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |access-date=July 5, 2023 |website=Harvard Magazine}}</ref> Ná ngwụcha afọ ahụ, FAS kwuru na o nwere ego fọdụrụ nke ruru nde dọla 51($51 million), nke bụ mmụba ma e jiri ya tụnyere mfu nde dọla 112 ($112 million ) e buru ụzọ tụọ anya.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=November 3, 2021 |title=Defying Projections, FAS Ends Fiscal Year with $51M Surplus |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/11/3/fas-annual-report-2021/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216025902/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/11/3/fas-annual-report-2021/ |archive-date=December 16, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |work=The Harvard Crimson}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye na ọkwa ya na Harvard, Gay jere ozi dịka osote onyeisi oche nke [[Midwest Political Science Association]] site n'afọ 2014 ruo 2017,<ref>{{cite web |title=Past Vice Presidents |website=MPSAnet.org |url=https://www.mpsanet.org/about/governance/past-mpsa-officers/ |access-date=January 20, 2023 |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120155451/https://www.mpsanet.org/about/governance/past-mpsa-officers/ |url-status=live }}</ref> nakwa dịka onye nlekọta Phillips Exeter site n'afọ 2017 ruo 2023.<ref name=":4" /> === Ọchịchị Mahadum Harvard === N'ọnwa Juun 2022, onye isi oche [[Harvard University]] [[Lawrence Bacow]] kwupụtara na ọ ga-agba arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa ahụ n'ime otu afọ. Kọmitii nchọta nke [[Penny Pritzker] duru tụlere ndị a họpụtara 600 ma họrọ Gay ka ọ nọchie Bacow. N'ọnwa Disemba 15, 2022, Harvard kwupụtara na a họpụtara Gay ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi oche nke Mahadum Harvard nke iri atọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 15, 2022|title=Claudine Gay: Harvard University picks first Black president|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-63990177|work=BBC News|first=Madeline|last=Halpert|access-date=December 7, 2023|archive-date=November 11, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231111125431/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-63990177|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=December 16, 2022 |title=Harvard names Claudine Gay as first ever Black president |work=[[United Press International]]|first=A. L.|last=Lee |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2022/12/16/harvard-first-black-woman-president/8271671192815 |access-date=December 19, 2022 |archive-date=December 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223023703/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2022/12/16/harvard-first-black-woman-president/8271671192815/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Ọ malitere ọrụ n'ọnwa Julaị 1, 2023, wee bụrụ onye isi ojii mbụ bụ onyeisi oche nke mahadum ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=With End of Affirmative Action, Claudine Gay Faces Unprecedented Challenges to Start Harvard Presidency|url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/7/4/claudine-gay-harvard-affirmative-action-analysis/|work=The Harvard Crimson|first1=Miles J.|last1=Herszenhorn|first2=Claire|last2=Yuan|date=July 4, 2023|access-date=December 12, 2023|archive-date=December 16, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216105326/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/7/4/claudine-gay-harvard-affirmative-action-analysis/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 21, 2021 |title=Homepage |url=https://www.harvard.edu/president/ |access-date=December 10, 2023 |website=Harvard University President |language=en-US |archive-date=December 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210044210/https://www.harvard.edu/president/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ==== Nnyocha izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi ==== N'oge na-adịghị anya ka e mechara ịnụ okwu n'ụlọ omebe iwu n'ọnwa Disemba, onye na-akwado echiche mgbanwe aka nri bụ [[Christopher Rufo]] na onye nta akụkọ bụ [[Aaron Sibarium]] boro Gay ebubo izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi.<ref name="diver-tg"/><ref name=":6">{{cite news |last1=Burns |first1=Hilary |last2=Damiano |first2=Mike |date=December 11, 2023 |title=Key Harvard oversight board offers silence as controversy engulfs Harvard president Claudine Gay |website=[[The Boston Globe]] |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/12/11/metro/harvard-president-testimony/ |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212041702/https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/12/11/metro/harvard-president-testimony/ |archive-date=December 12, 2023}}</ref> and by an anonymous complaint.<ref name="Schuessler" /> Dị ka ''The New York Times'' si chịkọta, ebubo ndị ahụ metụtara “iji ihe sitere n’ebe ndị ọzọ nweta n’enyeghị otuto ma ọ bụ ntụaka kwesịrị ekwesị nye ndị nwe ya... [nke gụnyere] site n’obere akụkụ nke nkọwa isiokwu ruo na paragraf ndị chịkọtara nchọpụta ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ọzọ, ebe a gbanwere naanị ntakịrị n’ụzọ e si dee ha, na n’ụfọdụ ọnọdụ, e nweghịdị ntụaka kpọmkwem nye ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ahụ.”<ref name="Schuessler"/> Ebubo ndị a ruru ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ikpe iri ise gụnyere akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ asatọ nke Gay dere, gụnyere edemede ya na ise n'ime edemede iri na otu o bipụtara.<ref name="Nguyen">{{cite news |last1=Nguyen |first1=Sophia |title=The plagiarism allegations against ex-Harvard president Claudine Gay, explained |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105133742/https://www.washingtonpost.com/books/2024/01/04/claudine-gay-plagiarism-examples-harvard/ |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/books/2024/01/04/claudine-gay-plagiarism-examples-harvard/ |archive-date=January 5, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=January 4, 2024}}</ref> [[Carol M. Swain]] boro Gay ebubo na o nyeghị ọrụ Swain otuto ma ọ bụ ntụaka sitere n'akwụkwọ ya nke afọ 1993, "Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress", nakwa edemede Swain dere bụ "Women and Blacks in Congress: 1870–1996" nke e bipụtara n'afọ 1997.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Carol |first=Swain |date=17 Dec 2023 |title=Claudine Gay and My Scholarship |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/claudine-gay-and-my-scholarship-plagiarism-elite-system-unearned-position-24e4a1b1 |journal=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2023, ''[[New York Post]]'' kpọtụụrụ Harvard ka o kwuo ihe ọ na-eche banyere akụkọ ha na-akwado ibipụta gbasara ihe atụ 27 a na-enyo enyo na ha bụ “izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi”. Harvard kpọrọ ebubo ''Post'' ahụ “ụgha a pụrụ igosi n'ụzọ doro anya”, ma yie akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ egwu ịgba ya akwụkwọ maka nkwutọ.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last1=Kettles |first1=Cam E. |last2=Robinson |first2=Tilly R. |date=December 25, 2023 |title=A Law Firm Said Plagiarism Allegations Against Harvard President Gay Were 'Demonstrably False.' Then She Submitted Corrections. |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/25/harvard-threaten-sue-post/ |access-date=December 26, 2023 |website=The Harvard Crimson |archive-date=December 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226002617/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/25/harvard-threaten-sue-post/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Na nzaghachi, Gay kwuru na ya kwụsiri ike n'ọrụ ya ma rịọ ka ndị ezi nyochaa ya.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":10" /> Ụlọ ọrụ Harvard (Harvard Corporation) kọrọ na nyocha ahụ chọpụtara “ọnọdụ ole na ole ebe enyeghị ntụaka zuru oke” na “iji okwu ndị yiri ibe ha ugboro ugboro n’enweghị inye otuto kwesịrị ekwesị” n’ọrụ ya, mana “enweghị mmebi nke ụkpụrụ Harvard gbasara omume ọjọọ n’ime nchọpụta.”<ref name="Schuessler"/><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |date=December 12, 2023 |title=Statement from the Harvard Corporation: Our President |url=https://www.harvard.edu/blog/2023/12/12/statement-from-the-harvard-corporation-our-president/ |access-date=December 21, 2023 |website=Harvard University |language=en-US |archive-date=December 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220222512/https://www.harvard.edu/blog/2023/12/12/statement-from-the-harvard-corporation-our-president/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":13">{{Cite web |last1=Robinson |first1=Tilly R. |last2=Shah |first2=Neil H. |date=December 21, 2023 |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay to Submit 3 Additional Corrections, Corporation Says Improper Citations Fall Short of Research Misconduct |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/21/gay-plagiarism-dissertation-corrections/ |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=www.thecrimson.com |archive-date=December 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225025004/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/21/gay-plagiarism-dissertation-corrections/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Nyocha nke ''[[The Harvard Crimson]]'' na [[CNN]] jụrụ nkwupụta Harvard ahụ, na-achọpụta na o yikarịrị ka Gay emebiri iwu mahadum ahụ gbasara izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi na iguzosi ike n’ezi ihe n’ihe ọmụmụ.<ref>Quotes from ''The Harvard Crimson'' and CNN: * {{harvnb|Hamid|Orakwue|Schisgall|2023|loc=: "The Crimson independently reviewed the published allegations. Though some are minor — consisting of passages that are similar or identical to Gay’s sources, lacking quotation marks but including citations — others are more substantial, including some paragraphs and sentences nearly identical to other work and lacking citations. Some appear to violate Harvard's current policies around plagiarism and academic integrity."}} * {{harvnb|Steck|2023|loc=: "Harvard President Claudine Gay recently requested corrections for two of her academic papers, but she did not address even clearer examples of plagiarism from earlier in her academic history at the school, according to a CNN analysis of her writings... Both offenses appear to go against Harvard’s guide on plagiarism, which clearly states, 'it is considered plagiarism to draw any idea or any language from someone else without adequately crediting that source in your paper.{{'"}}}} </ref><ref name="Hamid">{{cite news |last1=Hamid |first1=Rahem D. |last2=Orakwue |first2=Nia L. |last3=Schisgall |first3=Elias J. |title=Despite Support From Corporation, Harvard President Gay Under Fire Over Plagiarism Allegations |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109233800/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/12/allegations-plagiarism-gay-dissertation/ |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/12/allegations-plagiarism-gay-dissertation/ |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]] |date=December 12, 2023}}</ref><ref name="Steck">{{cite news |last1=Steck |first1=Em |title=Harvard president's corrections do not address her clearest instances of plagiarism, including as a student in the 1990s |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107151033/https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/20/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-plagiarism/index.html |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/20/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-plagiarism/index.html |archive-date=January 7, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[CNN]] |date=December 20, 2023}}</ref> Gay rịọrọ ka e mee mmezi asaa iji tinye ntụaka na akara okwu n’akwụkwọ nyocha ya na abụọ n’ime edemede ya.<ref name=":8" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Souza |first1=Sabrina |last2=Egan |first2=Matt |date=December 15, 2023 |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay corrects two scholarly articles following allegations of plagiarism |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/12/15/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-corrects-scholarly-articles-plagiarism-allegations/index.html |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[CNN]] |archive-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216093134/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/12/15/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-corrects-scholarly-articles-plagiarism-allegations/index.html?utm_source=business_ribbon |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Nguyen" /> Ọkà mmụta agụmakwụkwọ bụ [[Joseph M. Reagle Jr.|Joseph Reagle]] kwuru na akụkọ ndị mgbasa ozi kwuru na Gay “zuru echiche” pụtara na ọ zuru echiche ndị bụ isi dị n’ọrụ ya, ma kwuo sị, “Echeghị m na nke a bụ ihe mere.” Otú ọ dị, o kwuru na ọrụ ahụ “nwere akụkụ ederede e depụtaghachiri n’enyeghị otuto kwesịrị ekwesị. Nke a bụ mmebi iwu dị nta, mana ọ ka dị mkpa.”<ref name="Slate 19 January 2024">{{cite news |last1=Harrison |first1=Stephen |title=Yes, Copying From Wikipedia Is Plagiarism |url=https://slate.com/technology/2024/01/is-copying-from-wikipedia-plagiarism.html |access-date=20 January 2024 |work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |date=19 January 2024}}</ref> Ọkà mmụta agụmakwụkwọ William Arighi, n’akwụkwọ o dere maka ''[[American Association of University Professors|Journal of Academic Freedom]]'', mechara kọwaa ihe ndị ahụ mere dị ka “mgbalị na-abụghị nke ịkwalite eziokwu, kama ọ bụ nke ịkwado ebumnuche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.”<ref name=":14">{{Cite journal |last=Arighi |first=William |title=Claudine Gay, Plagiarism, and AI |url=https://www.aaup.org/JAF15/claudine-gay-plagiarism-and-ai |journal=[[Journal of Academic Freedom]] |volume=15}}</ref> N'ịzaghachi ebubo ndị a, Kọmitii Ụlọ Ndị Omeiwu nke United States maka Mmụta na Ndị Ọrụ (United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce|congressional committee) nke mere nzukọ ahụ gbasara mmegide ndị Juu kwuru na ha ga-enyocha ọrụ Gay, ma rịọ mahadum ka ha mepụta nkwukọrịta na akwụkwọ ndị metụtara ya.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Egan |first=Matt |date=2023-12-29 |title=Harvard granted extension to respond to House on plagiarism scandal |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/29/business/harvard-plagiarism-claudine-gay-education-committee/index.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=[[CNN]] |language=en |archive-date=December 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230141532/https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/29/business/harvard-plagiarism-claudine-gay-education-committee/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Matza |first=Max |date=December 21, 2023 |title=Claudine Gay: New problems found in Harvard president's work |language=en-GB |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-67782799 |access-date=December 24, 2023 |archive-date=December 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224040344/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-67782799 |url-status=live }}</ref> ==== Ịgba arụkwaghịm ==== N'ọnwa Jenụwarị 2, 2024, Gay kwupụtara na ọ na-agba arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa ya.<ref name=resignation>{{Cite web |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay Resigns, Shortest Tenure in University History {{!}} News {{!}} The Harvard Crimson |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2024/1/3/claudine-gay-resign-harvard/ |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=www.thecrimson.com |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102223704/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2024/1/3/claudine-gay-resign-harvard/ |url-status=live }}</ref> N’ozi-e (email) o zigara ndị mmekọ ya, Gay dere sị, “Ọ bụ ihe na-ewute m ịhụ na a na-etinye obi abụọ n’ịkwenye m ịlụso ịkpọasị ọgụ na ịkwado ịdị uchu n’ihe ọmụmụ—ụkpụrụ abụọ bụ́ ntọala dị mkpa nke onye m bụ—nakwa na ọ na-atụ m ụjọ<ref name="Walker">{{Cite news |last=Walker |first=Adria R. |date=2024-01-03 |title='Racist, vicious': academics decry rightwing attacks on Claudine Gay |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/racist-rightwing-attacks-claudine-gay-former-harvard-president |access-date=2024-03-07 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> ịbụ onye a na-awakpo n’onwe ya ma na-enweta iyi egwu ndị ịkpọasị agbụrụ kpaliri.”<ref name="guard2-2jan2024">{{cite news |date=January 2, 2024 |title=Harvard president Claudine Gay's resignation letter in full |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resignation-letter |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102221032/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resignation-letter |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |access-date=January 2, 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> N’akwụkwọ echiche o dere n’echi ya, Gay kwuru na ya “mere njehie”, mana na ọkpụkpọ òkù a kpọrọ ya ka ọ gbaa akaebe n’ihu Congress gbasara ịkpọasị megide ndị Juu bụ “ọnyà a haziri nke ọma”, nakwa na mkpọsa e mere iji chụpụ ya bụ “ọgụ nta so n’agha sara mbara iji mebie ntụkwasị obi ọha na e nwere n’ogidi ndị bụ isi nke ọha America”.<ref name="guard-4jan2024">{{cite news |last1=Beckett |first1=Lois |title=Ousted Harvard president Claudine Gay warns of 'a broader war' in op-ed |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/claudine-gay-harvard-president-resignation-new-york-times-op-ed |access-date=January 4, 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=January 4, 2024 |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104033121/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/claudine-gay-harvard-president-resignation-new-york-times-op-ed |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="nyt-3jan2024">{{cite news |last1=Gay |first1=Claudine |title=Claudine Gay: What Just Happened at Harvard Is Bigger Than Me |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/03/opinion/claudine-gay-harvard-president.html |access-date=January 4, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 3, 2024 |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104000534/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/03/opinion/claudine-gay-harvard-president.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Walker"/> Mgbe Gay gbara arụkwaghịm, a họpụtara [[Alan Garber]], onye bụ provost nke Mahadum Harvard, ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi oche nwa oge. Gay ka bụkwa onye nkuzi na Mahadum Harvard.<ref name=":7">{{cite web |date=2 January 2024 |title=Harvard President Resigns After Mounting Plagiarism Accusations|first=Jennifer|last=Schuessler|author2=Anemona Hartocollis|author3=Michael Levenson |author4=Alan Blinder |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/02/us/harvard-claudine-gay-resigns.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103122237/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/02/us/harvard-claudine-gay-resigns.html |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 3, 2024 |work=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Czachor |first=Emily Mae |date=2024-01-02 |title=Harvard president Claudine Gay resigns amid controversy – CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/claudine-gay-resigns-harvard-university-president-letter/ |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103230850/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/claudine-gay-resigns-harvard-university-president-letter/ |url-status=live }}</ref> e49104br6sqmrflx5a7h1jl6cx2opv6 729866 729864 2026-10-01T16:24:38Z Chrysella 12967 /* Ịgba arụkwaghịm */ 729866 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American political scientist and university administrator (born 1970)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=December 2023}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Claudine Gay | image = Inauguration of Claudine Gay as President of Harvard University (3) (cropped).jpg | caption = Gay in 2023 | office = 30th [[President of Harvard University]] | term_start = July 1, 2023 | term_end = January 2, 2024 | predecessor = [[Lawrence Bacow]] | successor = [[Alan Garber]] | office1 = Dean of the [[Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences]] | term_start1 = August 15, 2018 | term_end1 = June 30, 2023 | predecessor1 = [[Michael D. Smith (computer scientist)|Michael Smith]] | successor1 = [[Emma Dench]] (interim)<br>[[Hopi Hoekstra]] | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1970|08|04}} | birth_place = [[New York City]], U.S. | death_date = | death_place = | spouse = Christopher Afendulis | children = 1 | education = [[Princeton University]]<br>[[Stanford University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br>[[Harvard University]] ([[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]]) | relatives = [[Roxane Gay]] (cousin) | module = {{Infobox academic |embed = yes |discipline = [[Political science]] |thesis_title = Taking charge: Black electoral success and the redefinition of American politics |thesis_url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/304343028/fulltextPDF/E3586B8D78E3408DPQ/ |thesis_year = 1997 | doctoral_advisor = [[Gary King (political scientist)|Gary King]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-03 |title=Excerpts From Dr. Claudine Gay's Work – The New York Times |website=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/21/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-excerpts.html |access-date=2024-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103102250/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/21/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-excerpts.html |archive-date=January 3, 2024 }}</ref> |workplaces = [[Stanford University]] (2000–2006)<br>[[Harvard University]] (2006–present)}} }} [[w:ig: Claudine Gay|Claudine Gay]](amụrụ n'ọnwa Ọgọọst 4, 1970)<ref name=":11" /> bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Amerịka, onye bụkwa Prọfesọ Wilbur A. Cowett nke Gọọmentị na Ọmụmụ Ihe Ndị Afrịka na Ndị Afrịka-Amerịka na [[Harvard University]]. Nnyocha ya lekwasịrị anya n'omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Amerịka, gụnyere ndị ntuli aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke agbụrụ na njirimara.<ref name = "aaas-people">{{Cite web | title = Claudine Gay | url = https://aaas.fas.harvard.edu/people/claudine-gay | access-date = December 10, 2023 | website = aaas.fas.harvard.edu | language = en | archive-date = December 7, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231207223229/https://aaas.fas.harvard.edu/people/claudine-gay | url-status = live }}</ref> Gay jere ozi dị ka diin nke Social Sciences na Harvard site n'afọ 2015 ruo 2018, dị ka diin (dean) nke Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences site n'afọ 2018 ruo 2023, na dị ka onyeisi nke Mahadum Harvard nke iri atọ (30th) site n'ọnwa Julaị 2023 ruo Jenụwarị 2024. N'ọnwa Disemba 2023, Gay na ndị isi oche mahadum abụọ nwere nrụgide sitere n'aka ọha na eze<ref name="WSJ-10-11">{{Cite web |last1=Belkin |first1=Douglas |last2=Ellis |first2=Lindsay |date=October 11, 2023 |title=Blaming Israel for Hamas Attacks Sparks Backlash Across U.S., Exposing Deep Rifts |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/israel-hamas-attack-us-backlash-ff5f25e8 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013013849/https://www.wsj.com/us-news/israel-hamas-attack-us-backlash-ff5f25e8 |archive-date=October 13, 2023 |access-date=October 13, 2023 |work=The Wall Street Journal |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="NYT1010">{{Cite news |last1=Hartocollis |first1=Anemona |last2=Saul |first2=Stephanie |last3=Patel |first3=Vimal |date=October 10, 2023 |title=At Harvard, a Battle Over What Should Be Said About the Hamas Attacks |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/10/us/harvard-israel-gaza-hamas-reaction.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013013842/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/10/us/harvard-israel-gaza-hamas-reaction.html |archive-date=October 13, 2023 |access-date=October 13, 2023 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> na kwa site na Nnọkọ Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke 2023 gbasara mmegide Ndị Juu|kọmiti Ndị Omeiwu (2023 United States Congress hearing on antisemitism|congressional committee) ịgba arụkwaghịm, n'ihi azịza nye ebubo nke ime ihe ike mmegide ndị Juu n'ogige agụmakwụkwọ ahụ.<ref name="AB-1206">{{Cite web |last=Hensley |first=Sarah Beth |date=December 6, 2023 |title=Harvard's president answers backlash over response to calls for 'genocide of Jews' |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/harvards-president-answers-backlash-response-calls-genocide-jews/story |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207015000/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/harvards-president-answers-backlash-response-calls-genocide-jews/story?id=105433835 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |website=ABC News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Al-Jazeera-1206">{{Cite web |date=December 6, 2023 |title=How are Harvard, Penn presidents responding to campus anti-Semitism row? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/7/how-are-harvard-penn-presidents-responding-to-campus-anti-semitism-row |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207164401/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/7/how-are-harvard-penn-presidents-responding-to-campus-anti-semitism-row |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="NYT1206">{{Cite web | date = December 6, 2023 | title = College Presidents Under Fire After Dodging Questions About Antisemitism | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/06/us/harvard-mit-penn-presidents-antisemitism.html | access-date = December 7, 2023 | website = [[The New York Times]] | first1 = Stephanie | last1 = Saul | first2 = Anemona | last2 = Hartocollis | language = en-US | archive-date = December 8, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231208061344/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/06/us/harvard-mit-penn-presidents-antisemitism.html | url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Korn |first=Melissa |date=2023-12-10 |title=Penn President, Board Chair Resign After Furor Over Comments on Campus Antisemitism |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/university-of-pennsylvania-president-resigns-amid-furor-over-comments-on-antisemitism-on-campus-658d74cd |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=WSJ |language=en-US |archive-date=December 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210102101/https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/university-of-pennsylvania-president-resigns-amid-furor-over-comments-on-antisemitism-on-campus-658d74cd |url-status=live }}</ref> N'etiti mkpọsa nrụgide a, a boro Gay ebubo na ọ zuru ọrụ ọgụgụ isi n’akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ndị o bipụtara,<ref name="diver-tg">{{cite news | last1 = Diver | first1 = Tony | title = Harvard University president Claudine Gay accused of plagiarism amid anti-Semitism row | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231211182150/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/12/11/harvard-president-accused-plagiarism-amid-anti-semitism-row/ | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/12/11/harvard-president-accused-plagiarism-amid-anti-semitism-row/ | archive-date = December 11, 2023 | access-date = December 11, 2023 | website = [[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]] | date = December 11, 2023}}</ref><ref name="Schuessler">{{Cite news | last = Schuessler | first = Jennifer | date = 2023-12-21 | title = Harvard Finds More Instances of 'Duplicative Language' in President's Work | language = en-US | work = The New York Times | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/20/us/harvard-claudine-gay-plagiarism.html | access-date = 2024-01-01 | issn = 0362-4331 | archive-date = December 26, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231226105816/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/20/us/harvard-claudine-gay-plagiarism.html | url-status = live }}</ref><ref name=":12" /> ọ bụ ezie na ebubo ndị a agbaghaala.<ref name=":13" /><ref name=":14" /> N'ọnwa Jenụwarị 2024, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa onyeisi oche.<ref name="guard-2jan2024">{{cite news | last1 = Walker | first1 = Adria R. | title = Harvard president resigns amid claims of plagiarism and antisemitism backlash | url = https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resigns | access-date = January 2, 2024 | work = [[The Guardian]] | date = January 2, 2024 | archive-date = January 2, 2024 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240102210529/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resigns | url-status = live }}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Amụrụ Gay na [[The Bronx]] n'ọnwa Ọgọọst 4, 1970,<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |date=2023-01-11 |title="CLAUDINE GAY (1970-)" |url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/claudine-gay-1970/ |access-date=2024-04-09 |first= Malik |last=Simba |website=BlackPast.org |language=en}}</ref> ma too mbụ na [[New York City]], ya na nwanne ya nwoke nke tọrọ ya, Sony Gay, Jr.<ref name="the-scholar">{{Cite web |title=The Scholar Everyone Sought: Claudine Gay, Harvard's Next President |first= Miles J. |last=Herszenhorn|author2= Claire Yuan | website = The Harvard Crimson | url = https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/1/27/claudine-gay-presidential-profile/|date=January 27, 2023 |access-date=December 13, 2023 | archive-date = July 2, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230702132518/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/1/27/claudine-gay-presidential-profile/ | url-status = live }}</ref> Ndị mụrụ ya bụ ụmụ akwụkwọ mba ofesi si [[Haiti]], bụ́ ndị zutere na New York City dị ka ụmụ akwụkwọ kọleji n'afọ 1967. Nne ya, Claudette Gay, née Bateau (1946–2023), gụrụ akwụkwọ nọọsụ, nna ya agụọ injinịa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-29 |title='Courage to Be Harvard' |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2023/10/feature-president-gay-installation-address |access-date=2024-04-09 |first= Claudine |last=Gay |website=harvard.edu |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite news|url=http://afropunk.com/2018/07/meet-the-haitian-american-woman-whos-harvards-new-dean-of-the-faculty-of-arts-science/|title=Meet the Haitian-American woman who's Harvard's new Dean of the Faculty of Arts & Science|date=July 25, 2018|work=Afropunk|access-date=August 20, 2018|archive-date=August 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820074606/http://afropunk.com/2018/07/meet-the-haitian-american-woman-whos-harvards-new-dean-of-the-faculty-of-arts-science/|url-status=live}}</ref> Mgbe ọ ka bụ nwata, Gay na ezinụlọ ya kwagara [[Saudi Arabia]], ebe nna ya, Sony Gay, Sr., rụrụ ndị [[United States Army Corps of Engineers]] ọrụ.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=July 23, 2018 |title=Claudine Gay named Harvard FAS dean |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2018/07/claudine-gay-named-harvard-fas-dean/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221221121625/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2018/07/claudine-gay-named-harvard-fas-dean/ |archive-date=December 21, 2022 |access-date=July 24, 2018 |work=Harvard Gazette |language=en-US}}</ref> Ezinụlọ áhù laghachiri United States ma bie na [[Georgia (US State)|Georgia]] ya na [[Colorado]].<ref name="the-scholar" /> Onye edemede [[Feminism|feminist]] [[Roxane Gay]] bụ nwanne nna mbụ nke Gay.<ref name="the-scholar" /><ref name=":3" /> Ezinụlọ ha nwere ma na-arụkwa ụlọ ọrụ simenti kachasị ukwuu na Haiti, nke dị na [[Port-au-Prince]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2024/01/claudine-gay-harvard-plagiarism/677007/ |title=The Real Harvard Scandal |first=Tyler Austin |last=Harper |date=January 3, 2024 |work=The Atlantic |access-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103235311/https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2024/01/claudine-gay-harvard-plagiarism/677007/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=GDG Concrete & Construction |url=http://www.gdgbeton.com/english/personnel.html |website=www.gdgbeton.com |access-date=2024-04-09}}</ref> Gay gara Phillips Exeter Academy, ụlọ akwụkwọ nkeonwe (ụlọ akwụkwọ obibi) na [[Exeter, New Hampshire]],<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.exeter.edu/about-us/governance/meet-our-trustees|title=Meet Our Trustees {{!}} Phillips Exeter Academy|website=www.exeter.edu|access-date=February 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202190111/https://www.exeter.edu/about-us/governance/meet-our-trustees|archive-date=February 2, 2018}}</ref> ebe ọ gụchara akwụkwọ n'afọ 1988.<ref name="the-scholar" /> Ọ gara [[Princeton University]] otu afọ <ref name="the-scholar" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=December 12, 2023 |title=Who is Claudine Gay, Harvard's president? And how has she made history? |url=https://www.wbaltv.com/article/claudine-gay-harvards-president/46105240 |access-date=December 13, 2023 |website=WBAL |language=en |archive-date=December 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213062711/https://www.wbaltv.com/article/claudine-gay-harvards-president/46105240 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Stanford Daily Archives |url=https://archives.stanforddaily.com/1989/09/21?page=11&section=MODSMD_ARTICLE17 |access-date=December 13, 2023 |website=archives.stanforddaily.com |archive-date=December 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213062712/https://archives.stanforddaily.com/1989/09/21?page=11&section=MODSMD_ARTICLE17 |url-status=live }}</ref> tupu ọ gaa [[Stanford University]] ebe ọ gụrụ Akụnụba (Economics) dị ka isi ngalaba ọmụmụ ya, wee gụchaa akwụkwọ n'afọ 1992, nata ihe nrite Anna Laura Myers maka akwụkwọ edemede pụrụ iche maka akụnụba.<ref name=":2" /> Gay nwetara akara ugo mmụta [[Dọkịta Nkà Ihe Ọmụma | Ph.D.]] na 1998 site na [[Harvard University]] ma merie ihe nrite Toppan nke mahadum maka edemede kacha mma na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2015/04/claudine-gay-named-dean-of-social-science/|title=Claudine Gay named dean of social science|last=Reuell|first=Peter|date=April 28, 2015|work=Harvard Gazette|access-date=April 14, 2017|language=en-US|archive-date=April 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415104054/http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2015/04/claudine-gay-named-dean-of-social-science/|url-status=live}}</ref> == Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Gay bụ osote prọfesọ, ma mesịa bụrụ prọfesọ n'onwe ya, na Ngalaba Sayensị Ndọrọndọrọ Ọchịchị nke Stanford site n'afọ 2000 ruo 2006. N'agụmakwụkwọ afọ 2003–2004, ọ bụ onye otu na Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences na Mahadum Stanford.<ref name=":2" /> Nnyocha Gay mere na-akọwa omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị Amerịka, gụnyere ndị ntuli aka, amụma gbasara ụlọ obibi, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke agbụrụ na njirimara.<ref name = "aaas-people"/> Mahadum Harvard kpọpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ prọfesọ nke gọọmentị n'afọ 2006, a họpụtakwara ya prọfesọ nke ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ndị Afrịka na Amerịka n'afọ 2007..<ref name = "news.harvard.edu">{{Cite web | date = December 15, 2022 | title = Harvard names Claudine Gay 30th president | url = https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2022/12/harvard-names-claudine-gay-30th-president/ | access-date = July 5, 2023 | website = Harvard Gazette | language = en-US | archive-date = December 22, 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221222180738/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2022/12/harvard-names-claudine-gay-30th-president/ | url-status = live }}</ref> === Ọkwa nchịkwa === N'afọ 2015, A họpụtara Gay dị ka onyeisi sayensị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na [[Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences]] (FAS) nakwa Prọfesọ Wilbur A. Cowett nke Gọọmentị na nke Ọmụmụ Ndị Africa na Ndị Africa-America. N'afọ 2018, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Dean nke Faculty of Arts and Sciences.<ref name = "aaas-people"/> Dị ka Dean nke FAS, nke na-ahụ maka ọmụmụ ihe graduate na undergraduate, Gay depụtara isi ihe anọ bụ́ isi ọ na-elekwasị anya na ha: ịbawanye ụdị dị iche iche n'etiti ndị nkuzi, ịkwado ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere mmasị n’ọmụmụ na-ejikọta ngalaba dị iche iche, ịgba ndị prọfesọ ume ka ha na-arụkọ ọrụ n'etiti ngalaba dị iche iche, na ịkwalite nsonye ndị nkuzi na ndụ obodo mahadum.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=September 2021 |title=The Art of the Dean |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |website=Harvard Magazine |access-date=July 5, 2023 |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070943/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |url-status=live }}</ref> N’oge ọ nọ n’ọkwa dị ka Dean, ihe ndị Gay lekwasịrị anya na ha gụnyere atụmatụ mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na ịbawanye ụdị agbụrụ dị iche iche n’ogige mahadum, n’etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị nkuzi.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Radsken |first=Jill |date=August 20, 2020 |title=Faculty of Arts and Sciences unveils anti-racism agenda |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/08/faculty-of-arts-and-sciences-unveils-its-anti-racism-agenda/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226194958/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/08/faculty-of-arts-and-sciences-unveils-its-anti-racism-agenda/ |archive-date=December 26, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[Harvard Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="Harvard Crimson">{{Cite news |last1=Hamid |first1=Rahem D. |last2=Schisgall |first2=Elias J. |date=May 25, 2023 |title=Dean Today, President Tomorrow: Gay Reflects on 5 Years Leading Harvard FAS |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/5/25/gay-reflects-five-years-feature/ |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111082635/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/5/25/gay-reflects-five-years-feature/ |archive-date=January 11, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọọst 2020, FAS were n’ọrụ onye osote onye isi ngalaba mbụ ya maka ọdịiche, nsonye, na inwe mmetụta nke ịbụ onye otu.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bikales |first=James S. |date=August 25, 2020 |title=FAS Hires Sheree Ohen as Inaugural Associate Dean of Diversity, Inclusion, and Belonging |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/8/25/fas-dean-diversity-equity-inclusion/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104095404/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/8/25/fas-dean-diversity-equity-inclusion/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Mgbe mkpebi Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke United States nke June 2023 gasịrị na ''Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard'', nke kpebiri na mmemme atụmatụ nkwado dabere n’agbụrụ n’ịnabata ụmụ akwụkwọ na kọleji megidere iwu obodo, Gay kwuru na Harvard ga-eso mkpebi ụlọikpe ahụ, “mana nke ahụ anaghị agbanwe ụkpụrụ anyị.”<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chan |first=Tiffany |date=June 29, 2023 |title='We're not important anymore': Supreme Court ruling sends shockwaves through college campuses |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/boston/news/supreme-court-affirmative-action-ruling-harvard-university/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111075734/https://www.cbsnews.com/boston/news/supreme-court-affirmative-action-ruling-harvard-university/ |archive-date=January 11, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=CBS News}}</ref> N’oge ọ nọ n’ọkwa onye isi ngalaba, Gay nyere ọtụtụ prọfesọ Harvard ntaramahụhụ n’ihi ebubo nke omume mmekọahụ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị. O wepụrụ ọkwa emeritus n’aka ndị prọfesọ lara ezumike nka bụ [[Jorge I. Domínguez]] na [[Gary Urton]], ma tinye ndị prọfesọ [[John Comaroff]] na [[Roland G. Fryer Jr.]] n’ezumike ọrụ, mgbe onye ọ bụla n’ime ha chere ebubo iyi egwu mmekọahụ ihu.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=May 9, 2019 |title=Harvard Prof. Dominguez Stripped of Emeritus Status Following Conclusion of Title IX Investigation |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/9/dominguez-investigation-closes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103133926/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/9/dominguez-investigation-closes/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Wang |first=Andy Z. |date=June 11, 2021 |title=Anthropology Prof. Urton Stripped of Emeritus Status, Barred From Campus Following Sexual Misconduct Investigation |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/6/11/urton-sanctions/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230824132430/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/6/11/urton-sanctions/ |archive-date=August 24, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Kim |first1=Ariel H. |last2=Xu |first2=Meimei |date=January 21, 2022 |title=Harvard Anthropology Prof. John Comaroff Placed on Leave Following Sexual Harassment, Professional Misconduct Inquiries |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/1/21/comaroff-unpaid-leave/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103133844/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/1/21/comaroff-unpaid-leave/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Avi-Yonah |first=Shera S. |date=July 10, 2019 |title=Harvard Places Fryer on Administrative Leave, Levies Sanctions |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/7/10/fryer-administrative-leave/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109185657/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/7/10/fryer-administrative-leave/ |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Gay nyekwara prọfesọ [[Martin Nowak]] ntaramahụhụ maka "omume na-adịghị mma" n'ihe gbasara mmekọrịta ya na onye omekome mmekọahụ [[Jeffrey Epstein]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=March 26, 2021 |title=Gay Levies Sanctions Against Prof. Nowak for Contacts With Jeffrey Epstein |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/3/26/gay-sanctions-nowak-epstein/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101102313/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/3/26/gay-sanctions-nowak-epstein/ |archive-date=November 1, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Prọfesọ [[Harvard Law School]] na onyeisi ngalaba Winthrop House [[Ronald S. Sullivan Jr.|Ronald Sullivan]] chere ngagharị iwe ụmụ akwụkwọ ihu n’oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 2019 mgbe o sonyechara n’òtù ndị ọka iwu na-agbachitere [[Harvey Weinstein]], bụ́ onye nọ n’ikpe maka ebubo idina mmadụ n’ike.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Streeter |first1=Kurt |date=January 4, 2024 |title=For Harvard's First Black President, Race Became the Unavoidable Issue |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/04/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-race.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104103252/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/04/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-race.html/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Gay kpọrọ nzaghachi Sullivan nyere maka esemokwu ahụ “ezughị ezu,” na-ekwu na ya nwere “ọrụ pụrụ iche” dị ka onye isi ụlọ obibi n’ilekọta ọdịmma ndị bi na Winthrop.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=February 12, 2019 |title=FAS Dean Claudine Gay Calls Sullivan's Response to Student Concerns 'Insufficient' |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/2/12/dean-gay-sullivan-response/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104040555/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/2/12/dean-gay-sullivan-response/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Onye isi [[Harvard College]], [[Rakesh Khurana]], kpebiri ịghara imegharị nkwekọrịta Sullivan dị ka onye isi ụlọ obibi Winthrop,<ref name="Rosenberg2">{{cite news |last1=Rosenberg |first1=John S. |last2=Bolotnikova |first2=Marina N. |date=July–August 2019 |title=From #MeToo fallout to undergraduate education and public service &#124; Harvard Magazine |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2019/06/news-briefs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929001839/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2019/06/news-briefs |archive-date=September 29, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[Harvard Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="05-11-20192">{{cite news |last1=Avi-Yonah |first1=Shera S. |last2=Ryan |first2=Aidan F. |date=May 11, 2019a |title=Winthrop Faculty Deans to Leave After Harvard Refuses to Renew Their Appointments |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/11/winthrop-faculty-deans-to-leave/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103191028/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/11/winthrop-faculty-deans-to-leave/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-13 |title=Harvard Won't Renew Faculty Deans' Terms Amid Outcry Over Harvey Weinstein Defense |url=https://www.wbur.org/news/2019/05/11/harvard-will-not-renew-faculty-deans-terms-amid-outcry-over-harvey-weinstein-defense |access-date=2024-01-16 |website=www.wbur.org |language=en}}</ref> mkpebi nke American Civil Liberties Union katọrọ.<ref name="11-19-2019">{{cite news |last1=Avi-Yonah |first1=Shera S. |last2=Franklin |first2=Delano R. |date=November 19, 2019b |title=Former Winthrop Dean Sullivan Criticizes Admins During Constitutional Law Society Event |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/11/19/sullivan-speaks-hucls-event/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104231558/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/11/19/sullivan-speaks-hucls-event/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Soave |first1=Robby |author-link1=Robby Soave |date=June 10, 2019 |title=ACLU Says Harvard 'Sacrificed Principles Central to Our Legal System' When It Fired Ron Sullivan |url=https://reason.com/2019/06/10/aclu-harvard-ron-sullivan/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202090339/https://reason.com/2019/06/10/aclu-harvard-ron-sullivan/ |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[Reason (magazine)|Reason]]}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, Gay kwuru na Harvard ga-achọ ị wee ọtụtụ prọfesọ ọmụmụ agbụrụ n'ọrụ,<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=October 4, 2019 |title=FAS Prioritizing Ethnic Studies Faculty Searches Despite Stagnant Overall Hiring, Dean Gay Says |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/10/4/fas-faculty-search/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230706232830/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/10/4/fas-faculty-search/ |archive-date=July 6, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> were mmadụ atọ n'ọrụ n'afọ 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Xu |first=Meimei |date=July 9, 2022 |title=Jesse Hoffnung-Garskof '93 Joins Harvard as Third Professor in Ethnic Studies Cluster Hire |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/7/9/Jesse-Hoffnung-Garskof-hire/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106192145/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/7/9/Jesse-Hoffnung-Garskof-hire/ |archive-date=January 6, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Mgbe ngagharị iwe gasịrị nke katọrọ ịjụ inye [[Lorgia García Peña]], onye ọkà mmụta gbasara agbụrụ na omenala, ọkwa onye prọfesọ na-adịgide adịgide na Harvard, Gay kwuru na Jenụwarị 2020 na ya ga-ebido nyocha usoro FAS si enye ndị prọfesọ ọkwa ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Bikales |first1=James S. |last2=Chen |first2=Kevin R. |date=January 3, 2020 |title=FAS Dean Gay to Review Tenure Promotion Process |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/1/3/fas-tenure-review-letter/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704200520/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/1/3/fas-tenure-review-letter/ |archive-date=July 4, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Nyocha ahụ, e wepụtara n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2021, kwuru na usoro Harvard si enye ndị ọkà mmụta ọkwa ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide bụ nke “a haziri nke ọma n’usoro ya” n’ọtụtụ akụkụ, mana ọ chọpụtakwara na ndị prọfesọ enweghị ntụkwasị obi zuru oke n’usoro ahụ, nakwa na mmụọ ọrụ ha banyere usoro ahụ adịghị elu.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=October 12, 2021 |title=FAS Review Largely Upholds Tenure System Despite Acknowledging 'Mistrust and Low Morale' |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/10/12/tenure-review-report-2021/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704193848/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/10/12/tenure-review-report-2021/ |archive-date=July 4, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Dị ka onyeisi ngalaba (Dean), Gay bụ onye lekọtara mmalite nke Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences ọhụrụ n'afọ 2021 na ogige Harvard dị na Allston, nke ọnụ ahịa owuwu ya ruru otu ijeri dọla. Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ gụnyekwara mmemme PhD na injinia kwantum.<ref name="Harvard Crimson" /> Harvard nwere nsogbu agụmakwụkwọ na ego n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19. Maka afọ ego 2020, Ngalaba nke Nka na Sayensị kọrọ na mfu ruru nde dọla $15.8.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=January 2021 |title=The Financial Fallout…So Far |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/01/jhj-financial-fallout |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070955/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/01/jhj-financial-fallout |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |access-date=July 5, 2023 |website=Harvard Magazine}}</ref> Na mmalite afọ 2021, Gay kwupụtara na ọnụ ahịa nke nkwa agụmakwụkwọ FAS dị oke elu karịa ego ọ na-enweta ma malite usoro iji belata mmefu.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=September 2021 |title=The Art of the Dean |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070943/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |access-date=July 5, 2023 |website=Harvard Magazine}}</ref> Ná ngwụcha afọ ahụ, FAS kwuru na o nwere ego fọdụrụ nke ruru nde dọla 51($51 million), nke bụ mmụba ma e jiri ya tụnyere mfu nde dọla 112 ($112 million ) e buru ụzọ tụọ anya.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=November 3, 2021 |title=Defying Projections, FAS Ends Fiscal Year with $51M Surplus |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/11/3/fas-annual-report-2021/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216025902/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/11/3/fas-annual-report-2021/ |archive-date=December 16, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |work=The Harvard Crimson}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye na ọkwa ya na Harvard, Gay jere ozi dịka osote onyeisi oche nke [[Midwest Political Science Association]] site n'afọ 2014 ruo 2017,<ref>{{cite web |title=Past Vice Presidents |website=MPSAnet.org |url=https://www.mpsanet.org/about/governance/past-mpsa-officers/ |access-date=January 20, 2023 |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120155451/https://www.mpsanet.org/about/governance/past-mpsa-officers/ |url-status=live }}</ref> nakwa dịka onye nlekọta Phillips Exeter site n'afọ 2017 ruo 2023.<ref name=":4" /> === Ọchịchị Mahadum Harvard === N'ọnwa Juun 2022, onye isi oche [[Harvard University]] [[Lawrence Bacow]] kwupụtara na ọ ga-agba arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa ahụ n'ime otu afọ. Kọmitii nchọta nke [[Penny Pritzker] duru tụlere ndị a họpụtara 600 ma họrọ Gay ka ọ nọchie Bacow. N'ọnwa Disemba 15, 2022, Harvard kwupụtara na a họpụtara Gay ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi oche nke Mahadum Harvard nke iri atọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 15, 2022|title=Claudine Gay: Harvard University picks first Black president|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-63990177|work=BBC News|first=Madeline|last=Halpert|access-date=December 7, 2023|archive-date=November 11, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231111125431/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-63990177|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=December 16, 2022 |title=Harvard names Claudine Gay as first ever Black president |work=[[United Press International]]|first=A. L.|last=Lee |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2022/12/16/harvard-first-black-woman-president/8271671192815 |access-date=December 19, 2022 |archive-date=December 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223023703/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2022/12/16/harvard-first-black-woman-president/8271671192815/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Ọ malitere ọrụ n'ọnwa Julaị 1, 2023, wee bụrụ onye isi ojii mbụ bụ onyeisi oche nke mahadum ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=With End of Affirmative Action, Claudine Gay Faces Unprecedented Challenges to Start Harvard Presidency|url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/7/4/claudine-gay-harvard-affirmative-action-analysis/|work=The Harvard Crimson|first1=Miles J.|last1=Herszenhorn|first2=Claire|last2=Yuan|date=July 4, 2023|access-date=December 12, 2023|archive-date=December 16, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216105326/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/7/4/claudine-gay-harvard-affirmative-action-analysis/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 21, 2021 |title=Homepage |url=https://www.harvard.edu/president/ |access-date=December 10, 2023 |website=Harvard University President |language=en-US |archive-date=December 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210044210/https://www.harvard.edu/president/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ==== Nnyocha izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi ==== N'oge na-adịghị anya ka e mechara ịnụ okwu n'ụlọ omebe iwu n'ọnwa Disemba, onye na-akwado echiche mgbanwe aka nri bụ [[Christopher Rufo]] na onye nta akụkọ bụ [[Aaron Sibarium]] boro Gay ebubo izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi.<ref name="diver-tg"/><ref name=":6">{{cite news |last1=Burns |first1=Hilary |last2=Damiano |first2=Mike |date=December 11, 2023 |title=Key Harvard oversight board offers silence as controversy engulfs Harvard president Claudine Gay |website=[[The Boston Globe]] |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/12/11/metro/harvard-president-testimony/ |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212041702/https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/12/11/metro/harvard-president-testimony/ |archive-date=December 12, 2023}}</ref> and by an anonymous complaint.<ref name="Schuessler" /> Dị ka ''The New York Times'' si chịkọta, ebubo ndị ahụ metụtara “iji ihe sitere n’ebe ndị ọzọ nweta n’enyeghị otuto ma ọ bụ ntụaka kwesịrị ekwesị nye ndị nwe ya... [nke gụnyere] site n’obere akụkụ nke nkọwa isiokwu ruo na paragraf ndị chịkọtara nchọpụta ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ọzọ, ebe a gbanwere naanị ntakịrị n’ụzọ e si dee ha, na n’ụfọdụ ọnọdụ, e nweghịdị ntụaka kpọmkwem nye ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ahụ.”<ref name="Schuessler"/> Ebubo ndị a ruru ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ikpe iri ise gụnyere akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ asatọ nke Gay dere, gụnyere edemede ya na ise n'ime edemede iri na otu o bipụtara.<ref name="Nguyen">{{cite news |last1=Nguyen |first1=Sophia |title=The plagiarism allegations against ex-Harvard president Claudine Gay, explained |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105133742/https://www.washingtonpost.com/books/2024/01/04/claudine-gay-plagiarism-examples-harvard/ |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/books/2024/01/04/claudine-gay-plagiarism-examples-harvard/ |archive-date=January 5, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=January 4, 2024}}</ref> [[Carol M. Swain]] boro Gay ebubo na o nyeghị ọrụ Swain otuto ma ọ bụ ntụaka sitere n'akwụkwọ ya nke afọ 1993, "Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress", nakwa edemede Swain dere bụ "Women and Blacks in Congress: 1870–1996" nke e bipụtara n'afọ 1997.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Carol |first=Swain |date=17 Dec 2023 |title=Claudine Gay and My Scholarship |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/claudine-gay-and-my-scholarship-plagiarism-elite-system-unearned-position-24e4a1b1 |journal=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2023, ''[[New York Post]]'' kpọtụụrụ Harvard ka o kwuo ihe ọ na-eche banyere akụkọ ha na-akwado ibipụta gbasara ihe atụ 27 a na-enyo enyo na ha bụ “izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi”. Harvard kpọrọ ebubo ''Post'' ahụ “ụgha a pụrụ igosi n'ụzọ doro anya”, ma yie akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ egwu ịgba ya akwụkwọ maka nkwutọ.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last1=Kettles |first1=Cam E. |last2=Robinson |first2=Tilly R. |date=December 25, 2023 |title=A Law Firm Said Plagiarism Allegations Against Harvard President Gay Were 'Demonstrably False.' Then She Submitted Corrections. |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/25/harvard-threaten-sue-post/ |access-date=December 26, 2023 |website=The Harvard Crimson |archive-date=December 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226002617/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/25/harvard-threaten-sue-post/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Na nzaghachi, Gay kwuru na ya kwụsiri ike n'ọrụ ya ma rịọ ka ndị ezi nyochaa ya.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":10" /> Ụlọ ọrụ Harvard (Harvard Corporation) kọrọ na nyocha ahụ chọpụtara “ọnọdụ ole na ole ebe enyeghị ntụaka zuru oke” na “iji okwu ndị yiri ibe ha ugboro ugboro n’enweghị inye otuto kwesịrị ekwesị” n’ọrụ ya, mana “enweghị mmebi nke ụkpụrụ Harvard gbasara omume ọjọọ n’ime nchọpụta.”<ref name="Schuessler"/><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |date=December 12, 2023 |title=Statement from the Harvard Corporation: Our President |url=https://www.harvard.edu/blog/2023/12/12/statement-from-the-harvard-corporation-our-president/ |access-date=December 21, 2023 |website=Harvard University |language=en-US |archive-date=December 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220222512/https://www.harvard.edu/blog/2023/12/12/statement-from-the-harvard-corporation-our-president/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":13">{{Cite web |last1=Robinson |first1=Tilly R. |last2=Shah |first2=Neil H. |date=December 21, 2023 |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay to Submit 3 Additional Corrections, Corporation Says Improper Citations Fall Short of Research Misconduct |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/21/gay-plagiarism-dissertation-corrections/ |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=www.thecrimson.com |archive-date=December 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225025004/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/21/gay-plagiarism-dissertation-corrections/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Nyocha nke ''[[The Harvard Crimson]]'' na [[CNN]] jụrụ nkwupụta Harvard ahụ, na-achọpụta na o yikarịrị ka Gay emebiri iwu mahadum ahụ gbasara izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi na iguzosi ike n’ezi ihe n’ihe ọmụmụ.<ref>Quotes from ''The Harvard Crimson'' and CNN: * {{harvnb|Hamid|Orakwue|Schisgall|2023|loc=: "The Crimson independently reviewed the published allegations. Though some are minor — consisting of passages that are similar or identical to Gay’s sources, lacking quotation marks but including citations — others are more substantial, including some paragraphs and sentences nearly identical to other work and lacking citations. Some appear to violate Harvard's current policies around plagiarism and academic integrity."}} * {{harvnb|Steck|2023|loc=: "Harvard President Claudine Gay recently requested corrections for two of her academic papers, but she did not address even clearer examples of plagiarism from earlier in her academic history at the school, according to a CNN analysis of her writings... Both offenses appear to go against Harvard’s guide on plagiarism, which clearly states, 'it is considered plagiarism to draw any idea or any language from someone else without adequately crediting that source in your paper.{{'"}}}} </ref><ref name="Hamid">{{cite news |last1=Hamid |first1=Rahem D. |last2=Orakwue |first2=Nia L. |last3=Schisgall |first3=Elias J. |title=Despite Support From Corporation, Harvard President Gay Under Fire Over Plagiarism Allegations |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109233800/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/12/allegations-plagiarism-gay-dissertation/ |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/12/allegations-plagiarism-gay-dissertation/ |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]] |date=December 12, 2023}}</ref><ref name="Steck">{{cite news |last1=Steck |first1=Em |title=Harvard president's corrections do not address her clearest instances of plagiarism, including as a student in the 1990s |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107151033/https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/20/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-plagiarism/index.html |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/20/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-plagiarism/index.html |archive-date=January 7, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[CNN]] |date=December 20, 2023}}</ref> Gay rịọrọ ka e mee mmezi asaa iji tinye ntụaka na akara okwu n’akwụkwọ nyocha ya na abụọ n’ime edemede ya.<ref name=":8" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Souza |first1=Sabrina |last2=Egan |first2=Matt |date=December 15, 2023 |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay corrects two scholarly articles following allegations of plagiarism |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/12/15/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-corrects-scholarly-articles-plagiarism-allegations/index.html |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[CNN]] |archive-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216093134/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/12/15/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-corrects-scholarly-articles-plagiarism-allegations/index.html?utm_source=business_ribbon |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Nguyen" /> Ọkà mmụta agụmakwụkwọ bụ [[Joseph M. Reagle Jr.|Joseph Reagle]] kwuru na akụkọ ndị mgbasa ozi kwuru na Gay “zuru echiche” pụtara na ọ zuru echiche ndị bụ isi dị n’ọrụ ya, ma kwuo sị, “Echeghị m na nke a bụ ihe mere.” Otú ọ dị, o kwuru na ọrụ ahụ “nwere akụkụ ederede e depụtaghachiri n’enyeghị otuto kwesịrị ekwesị. Nke a bụ mmebi iwu dị nta, mana ọ ka dị mkpa.”<ref name="Slate 19 January 2024">{{cite news |last1=Harrison |first1=Stephen |title=Yes, Copying From Wikipedia Is Plagiarism |url=https://slate.com/technology/2024/01/is-copying-from-wikipedia-plagiarism.html |access-date=20 January 2024 |work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |date=19 January 2024}}</ref> Ọkà mmụta agụmakwụkwọ William Arighi, n’akwụkwọ o dere maka ''[[American Association of University Professors|Journal of Academic Freedom]]'', mechara kọwaa ihe ndị ahụ mere dị ka “mgbalị na-abụghị nke ịkwalite eziokwu, kama ọ bụ nke ịkwado ebumnuche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.”<ref name=":14">{{Cite journal |last=Arighi |first=William |title=Claudine Gay, Plagiarism, and AI |url=https://www.aaup.org/JAF15/claudine-gay-plagiarism-and-ai |journal=[[Journal of Academic Freedom]] |volume=15}}</ref> N'ịzaghachi ebubo ndị a, Kọmitii Ụlọ Ndị Omeiwu nke United States maka Mmụta na Ndị Ọrụ (United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce|congressional committee) nke mere nzukọ ahụ gbasara mmegide ndị Juu kwuru na ha ga-enyocha ọrụ Gay, ma rịọ mahadum ka ha mepụta nkwukọrịta na akwụkwọ ndị metụtara ya.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Egan |first=Matt |date=2023-12-29 |title=Harvard granted extension to respond to House on plagiarism scandal |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/29/business/harvard-plagiarism-claudine-gay-education-committee/index.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=[[CNN]] |language=en |archive-date=December 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230141532/https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/29/business/harvard-plagiarism-claudine-gay-education-committee/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Matza |first=Max |date=December 21, 2023 |title=Claudine Gay: New problems found in Harvard president's work |language=en-GB |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-67782799 |access-date=December 24, 2023 |archive-date=December 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224040344/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-67782799 |url-status=live }}</ref> ==== Ịgba arụkwaghịm ==== N'ọnwa Jenụwarị 2, 2024, Gay kwupụtara na ọ na-agba arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa ya.<ref name=resignation>{{Cite web |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay Resigns, Shortest Tenure in University History {{!}} News {{!}} The Harvard Crimson |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2024/1/3/claudine-gay-resign-harvard/ |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=www.thecrimson.com |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102223704/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2024/1/3/claudine-gay-resign-harvard/ |url-status=live }}</ref> N’ozi-e (email) o zigara ndị mmekọ ya, Gay dere sị, “Ọ bụ ihe na-ewute m ịhụ na a na-etinye obi abụọ n’ịkwenye m ịlụso ịkpọasị ọgụ na ịkwado ịdị uchu n’ihe ọmụmụ—ụkpụrụ abụọ bụ́ ntọala dị mkpa nke onye m bụ—nakwa na ọ na-atụ m ụjọ<ref name="Walker">{{Cite news |last=Walker |first=Adria R. |date=2024-01-03 |title='Racist, vicious': academics decry rightwing attacks on Claudine Gay |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/racist-rightwing-attacks-claudine-gay-former-harvard-president |access-date=2024-03-07 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> ịbụ onye a na-awakpo n’onwe ya ma na-enweta iyi egwu ndị ịkpọasị agbụrụ kpaliri.”<ref name="guard2-2jan2024">{{cite news |date=January 2, 2024 |title=Harvard president Claudine Gay's resignation letter in full |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resignation-letter |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102221032/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resignation-letter |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |access-date=January 2, 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> N’akwụkwọ echiche o dere n’echi ya, Gay kwuru na ya “mere njehie”, mana na ọkpụkpọ òkù a kpọrọ ya ka ọ gbaa akaebe n’ihu Congress gbasara ịkpọasị megide ndị Juu bụ “ọnyà a haziri nke ọma”, nakwa na mkpọsa e mere iji chụpụ ya bụ “ọgụ nta so n’agha sara mbara iji mebie ntụkwasị obi ọha na e nwere n’ogidi ndị bụ isi nke ọha America”.<ref name="guard-4jan2024">{{cite news |last1=Beckett |first1=Lois |title=Ousted Harvard president Claudine Gay warns of 'a broader war' in op-ed |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/claudine-gay-harvard-president-resignation-new-york-times-op-ed |access-date=January 4, 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=January 4, 2024 |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104033121/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/claudine-gay-harvard-president-resignation-new-york-times-op-ed |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="nyt-3jan2024">{{cite news |last1=Gay |first1=Claudine |title=Claudine Gay: What Just Happened at Harvard Is Bigger Than Me |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/03/opinion/claudine-gay-harvard-president.html |access-date=January 4, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 3, 2024 |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104000534/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/03/opinion/claudine-gay-harvard-president.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Walker"/> Mgbe Gay gbara arụkwaghịm, a họpụtara [[Alan Garber]], onye bụ provost nke Mahadum Harvard, ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi oche nwa oge. Gay ka bụkwa onye nkuzi na Mahadum Harvard.<ref name=":7">{{cite web |date=2 January 2024 |title=Harvard President Resigns After Mounting Plagiarism Accusations|first=Jennifer|last=Schuessler|author2=Anemona Hartocollis|author3=Michael Levenson |author4=Alan Blinder |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/02/us/harvard-claudine-gay-resigns.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103122237/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/02/us/harvard-claudine-gay-resigns.html |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 3, 2024 |work=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Czachor |first=Emily Mae |date=2024-01-02 |title=Harvard president Claudine Gay resigns amid controversy – CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/claudine-gay-resigns-harvard-university-president-letter/ |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103230850/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/claudine-gay-resigns-harvard-university-president-letter/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Ndụ nkeonwe== Gay lụrụ Christopher Afendulis, onye nyocha usoro ozi na Ngalaba Nnyocha na Amụma Ahụike nke Mahadum Stanford. Ha nwere nwa nwoke.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Vaishnavi |last=Vaidyanathan |date=October 12, 2023 |title=Who Is Christopher Afendulis, Harvard President Claudine Gay's Husband? |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/world/who-is-christopher-afendulis-harvard-president-claudine-gay-husband-article-104385151 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |website=TimesNow |language=en |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212134757/https://www.timesnownews.com/world/who-is-christopher-afendulis-harvard-president-claudine-gay-husband-article-104385151 |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Mbipụta ahọpụtara== {{Scholia|author}} * 1998: "Doubly Bound: The Impact of Gender and Race on the Politics of Black Women", ''[[Political Psychology]]'', co-authored with [[Katherine Tate]] * 2001: "The Effect of Black Congressional Representation on Political Participation", ''[[American Political Science Review]]'' * 2001: ''The Effect of Minority Districts and Minority Representation on Political Participation in California'', [[Public Policy Institute of California]] * 2002: "Spirals of Trust? The Effect of Descriptive Representation on the Relationship Between Citizens and Their Government", ''[[American Journal of Political Science]]'' * 2004: "Putting Race in Context: Identifying the Environmental Determinants of Black Racial Attitudes", ''American Political Science Review'' * 2006: "Seeing Difference: The Effect of Economic Disparity on Black Attitudes Toward Latinos", ''American Journal of Political Science'' * 2007: "Legislating Without Constraints: The Effect of Minority Districting on Legislators' Responsiveness to Constituency Preferences", ''[[The Journal of Politics]]'' * 2012: "Moving to Opportunity: The Political Effects of a Housing Mobility Experiment", ''[[Urban Affairs Review]]'' * 2013: ''Outsiders No More? Models of Immigrant Political Incorporation'', [[Oxford University Press]], co-editor with Jacqueline Chattopadhyay, [[Jennifer Hochschild]], and [[Michael Jones-Correa]] * 2014: "Knowledge Matters: Policy Cross-pressures and Black Partisanship", ''[[Political Behavior (journal)|Political Behavior]]'' 8mr9fb8gnn02v36aad9v1m09aj4nee6 729867 729866 2026-10-01T16:28:58Z Chrysella 12967 729867 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American political scientist and university administrator (born 1970)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=December 2023}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Claudine Gay | image = Inauguration of Claudine Gay as President of Harvard University (3) (cropped).jpg | caption = Gay in 2023 | office = 30th [[President of Harvard University]] | term_start = July 1, 2023 | term_end = January 2, 2024 | predecessor = [[Lawrence Bacow]] | successor = [[Alan Garber]] | office1 = Dean of the [[Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences]] | term_start1 = August 15, 2018 | term_end1 = June 30, 2023 | predecessor1 = [[Michael D. Smith (computer scientist)|Michael Smith]] | successor1 = [[Emma Dench]] (interim)<br>[[Hopi Hoekstra]] | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1970|08|04}} | birth_place = [[New York City]], U.S. | death_date = | death_place = | spouse = Christopher Afendulis | children = 1 | education = [[Princeton University]]<br>[[Stanford University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br>[[Harvard University]] ([[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]]) | relatives = [[Roxane Gay]] (cousin) | module = {{Infobox academic |embed = yes |discipline = [[Political science]] |thesis_title = Taking charge: Black electoral success and the redefinition of American politics |thesis_url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/304343028/fulltextPDF/E3586B8D78E3408DPQ/ |thesis_year = 1997 | doctoral_advisor = [[Gary King (political scientist)|Gary King]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-03 |title=Excerpts From Dr. Claudine Gay's Work – The New York Times |website=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/21/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-excerpts.html |access-date=2024-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103102250/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/21/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-excerpts.html |archive-date=January 3, 2024 }}</ref> |workplaces = [[Stanford University]] (2000–2006)<br>[[Harvard University]] (2006–present)}} }} [[w:ig: Claudine Gay|Claudine Gay]](amụrụ n'ọnwa Ọgọọst 4, 1970)<ref name=":11" /> bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Amerịka, onye bụkwa Prọfesọ Wilbur A. Cowett nke Gọọmentị na Ọmụmụ Ihe Ndị Afrịka na Ndị Afrịka-Amerịka na [[Harvard University]]. Nnyocha ya lekwasịrị anya n'omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Amerịka, gụnyere ndị ntuli aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke agbụrụ na njirimara.<ref name = "aaas-people">{{Cite web | title = Claudine Gay | url = https://aaas.fas.harvard.edu/people/claudine-gay | access-date = December 10, 2023 | website = aaas.fas.harvard.edu | language = en | archive-date = December 7, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231207223229/https://aaas.fas.harvard.edu/people/claudine-gay | url-status = live }}</ref> Gay jere ozi dị ka diin nke Social Sciences na Harvard site n'afọ 2015 ruo 2018, dị ka diin (dean) nke Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences site n'afọ 2018 ruo 2023, na dị ka onyeisi nke Mahadum Harvard nke iri atọ (30th) site n'ọnwa Julaị 2023 ruo Jenụwarị 2024. N'ọnwa Disemba 2023, Gay na ndị isi oche mahadum abụọ nwere nrụgide sitere n'aka ọha na eze<ref name="WSJ-10-11">{{Cite web |last1=Belkin |first1=Douglas |last2=Ellis |first2=Lindsay |date=October 11, 2023 |title=Blaming Israel for Hamas Attacks Sparks Backlash Across U.S., Exposing Deep Rifts |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/israel-hamas-attack-us-backlash-ff5f25e8 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013013849/https://www.wsj.com/us-news/israel-hamas-attack-us-backlash-ff5f25e8 |archive-date=October 13, 2023 |access-date=October 13, 2023 |work=The Wall Street Journal |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="NYT1010">{{Cite news |last1=Hartocollis |first1=Anemona |last2=Saul |first2=Stephanie |last3=Patel |first3=Vimal |date=October 10, 2023 |title=At Harvard, a Battle Over What Should Be Said About the Hamas Attacks |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/10/us/harvard-israel-gaza-hamas-reaction.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013013842/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/10/us/harvard-israel-gaza-hamas-reaction.html |archive-date=October 13, 2023 |access-date=October 13, 2023 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> na kwa site na Nnọkọ Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke 2023 gbasara mmegide Ndị Juu|kọmiti Ndị Omeiwu (2023 United States Congress hearing on antisemitism|congressional committee) ịgba arụkwaghịm, n'ihi azịza nye ebubo nke ime ihe ike mmegide ndị Juu n'ogige agụmakwụkwọ ahụ.<ref name="AB-1206">{{Cite web |last=Hensley |first=Sarah Beth |date=December 6, 2023 |title=Harvard's president answers backlash over response to calls for 'genocide of Jews' |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/harvards-president-answers-backlash-response-calls-genocide-jews/story |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207015000/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/harvards-president-answers-backlash-response-calls-genocide-jews/story?id=105433835 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |website=ABC News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Al-Jazeera-1206">{{Cite web |date=December 6, 2023 |title=How are Harvard, Penn presidents responding to campus anti-Semitism row? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/7/how-are-harvard-penn-presidents-responding-to-campus-anti-semitism-row |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207164401/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/7/how-are-harvard-penn-presidents-responding-to-campus-anti-semitism-row |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="NYT1206">{{Cite web | date = December 6, 2023 | title = College Presidents Under Fire After Dodging Questions About Antisemitism | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/06/us/harvard-mit-penn-presidents-antisemitism.html | access-date = December 7, 2023 | website = [[The New York Times]] | first1 = Stephanie | last1 = Saul | first2 = Anemona | last2 = Hartocollis | language = en-US | archive-date = December 8, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231208061344/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/06/us/harvard-mit-penn-presidents-antisemitism.html | url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Korn |first=Melissa |date=2023-12-10 |title=Penn President, Board Chair Resign After Furor Over Comments on Campus Antisemitism |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/university-of-pennsylvania-president-resigns-amid-furor-over-comments-on-antisemitism-on-campus-658d74cd |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=WSJ |language=en-US |archive-date=December 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210102101/https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/university-of-pennsylvania-president-resigns-amid-furor-over-comments-on-antisemitism-on-campus-658d74cd |url-status=live }}</ref> N'etiti mkpọsa nrụgide a, a boro Gay ebubo na ọ zuru ọrụ ọgụgụ isi n’akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ndị o bipụtara,<ref name="diver-tg">{{cite news | last1 = Diver | first1 = Tony | title = Harvard University president Claudine Gay accused of plagiarism amid anti-Semitism row | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231211182150/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/12/11/harvard-president-accused-plagiarism-amid-anti-semitism-row/ | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/12/11/harvard-president-accused-plagiarism-amid-anti-semitism-row/ | archive-date = December 11, 2023 | access-date = December 11, 2023 | website = [[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]] | date = December 11, 2023}}</ref><ref name="Schuessler">{{Cite news | last = Schuessler | first = Jennifer | date = 2023-12-21 | title = Harvard Finds More Instances of 'Duplicative Language' in President's Work | language = en-US | work = The New York Times | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/20/us/harvard-claudine-gay-plagiarism.html | access-date = 2024-01-01 | issn = 0362-4331 | archive-date = December 26, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231226105816/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/20/us/harvard-claudine-gay-plagiarism.html | url-status = live }}</ref><ref name=":12" /> ọ bụ ezie na ebubo ndị a agbaghaala.<ref name=":13" /><ref name=":14" /> N'ọnwa Jenụwarị 2024, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa onyeisi oche.<ref name="guard-2jan2024">{{cite news | last1 = Walker | first1 = Adria R. | title = Harvard president resigns amid claims of plagiarism and antisemitism backlash | url = https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resigns | access-date = January 2, 2024 | work = [[The Guardian]] | date = January 2, 2024 | archive-date = January 2, 2024 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240102210529/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resigns | url-status = live }}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Amụrụ Gay na [[The Bronx]] n'ọnwa Ọgọọst 4, 1970,<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |date=2023-01-11 |title="CLAUDINE GAY (1970-)" |url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/claudine-gay-1970/ |access-date=2024-04-09 |first= Malik |last=Simba |website=BlackPast.org |language=en}}</ref> ma too mbụ na [[New York City]], ya na nwanne ya nwoke nke tọrọ ya, Sony Gay, Jr.<ref name="the-scholar">{{Cite web |title=The Scholar Everyone Sought: Claudine Gay, Harvard's Next President |first= Miles J. |last=Herszenhorn|author2= Claire Yuan | website = The Harvard Crimson | url = https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/1/27/claudine-gay-presidential-profile/|date=January 27, 2023 |access-date=December 13, 2023 | archive-date = July 2, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230702132518/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/1/27/claudine-gay-presidential-profile/ | url-status = live }}</ref> Ndị mụrụ ya bụ ụmụ akwụkwọ mba ofesi si [[Haiti]], bụ́ ndị zutere na New York City dị ka ụmụ akwụkwọ kọleji n'afọ 1967. Nne ya, Claudette Gay, née Bateau (1946–2023), gụrụ akwụkwọ nọọsụ, nna ya agụọ injinịa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-29 |title='Courage to Be Harvard' |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2023/10/feature-president-gay-installation-address |access-date=2024-04-09 |first= Claudine |last=Gay |website=harvard.edu |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite news|url=http://afropunk.com/2018/07/meet-the-haitian-american-woman-whos-harvards-new-dean-of-the-faculty-of-arts-science/|title=Meet the Haitian-American woman who's Harvard's new Dean of the Faculty of Arts & Science|date=July 25, 2018|work=Afropunk|access-date=August 20, 2018|archive-date=August 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820074606/http://afropunk.com/2018/07/meet-the-haitian-american-woman-whos-harvards-new-dean-of-the-faculty-of-arts-science/|url-status=live}}</ref> Mgbe ọ ka bụ nwata, Gay na ezinụlọ ya kwagara [[Saudi Arabia]], ebe nna ya, Sony Gay, Sr., rụrụ ndị [[United States Army Corps of Engineers]] ọrụ.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=July 23, 2018 |title=Claudine Gay named Harvard FAS dean |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2018/07/claudine-gay-named-harvard-fas-dean/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221221121625/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2018/07/claudine-gay-named-harvard-fas-dean/ |archive-date=December 21, 2022 |access-date=July 24, 2018 |work=Harvard Gazette |language=en-US}}</ref> Ezinụlọ áhù laghachiri United States ma bie na [[Georgia (US State)|Georgia]] ya na [[Colorado]].<ref name="the-scholar" /> Onye edemede [[Feminism|feminist]] [[Roxane Gay]] bụ nwanne nna mbụ nke Gay.<ref name="the-scholar" /><ref name=":3" /> Ezinụlọ ha nwere ma na-arụkwa ụlọ ọrụ simenti kachasị ukwuu na Haiti, nke dị na [[Port-au-Prince]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2024/01/claudine-gay-harvard-plagiarism/677007/ |title=The Real Harvard Scandal |first=Tyler Austin |last=Harper |date=January 3, 2024 |work=The Atlantic |access-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103235311/https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2024/01/claudine-gay-harvard-plagiarism/677007/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=GDG Concrete & Construction |url=http://www.gdgbeton.com/english/personnel.html |website=www.gdgbeton.com |access-date=2024-04-09}}</ref> Gay gara Phillips Exeter Academy, ụlọ akwụkwọ nkeonwe (ụlọ akwụkwọ obibi) na [[Exeter, New Hampshire]],<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.exeter.edu/about-us/governance/meet-our-trustees|title=Meet Our Trustees {{!}} Phillips Exeter Academy|website=www.exeter.edu|access-date=February 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202190111/https://www.exeter.edu/about-us/governance/meet-our-trustees|archive-date=February 2, 2018}}</ref> ebe ọ gụchara akwụkwọ n'afọ 1988.<ref name="the-scholar" /> Ọ gara [[Princeton University]] otu afọ <ref name="the-scholar" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=December 12, 2023 |title=Who is Claudine Gay, Harvard's president? And how has she made history? |url=https://www.wbaltv.com/article/claudine-gay-harvards-president/46105240 |access-date=December 13, 2023 |website=WBAL |language=en |archive-date=December 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213062711/https://www.wbaltv.com/article/claudine-gay-harvards-president/46105240 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Stanford Daily Archives |url=https://archives.stanforddaily.com/1989/09/21?page=11&section=MODSMD_ARTICLE17 |access-date=December 13, 2023 |website=archives.stanforddaily.com |archive-date=December 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213062712/https://archives.stanforddaily.com/1989/09/21?page=11&section=MODSMD_ARTICLE17 |url-status=live }}</ref> tupu ọ gaa [[Stanford University]] ebe ọ gụrụ Akụnụba (Economics) dị ka isi ngalaba ọmụmụ ya, wee gụchaa akwụkwọ n'afọ 1992, nata ihe nrite Anna Laura Myers maka akwụkwọ edemede pụrụ iche maka akụnụba.<ref name=":2" /> Gay nwetara akara ugo mmụta [[Dọkịta Nkà Ihe Ọmụma | Ph.D.]] na 1998 site na [[Harvard University]] ma merie ihe nrite Toppan nke mahadum maka edemede kacha mma na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2015/04/claudine-gay-named-dean-of-social-science/|title=Claudine Gay named dean of social science|last=Reuell|first=Peter|date=April 28, 2015|work=Harvard Gazette|access-date=April 14, 2017|language=en-US|archive-date=April 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415104054/http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2015/04/claudine-gay-named-dean-of-social-science/|url-status=live}}</ref> == Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Gay bụ osote prọfesọ, ma mesịa bụrụ prọfesọ n'onwe ya, na Ngalaba Sayensị Ndọrọndọrọ Ọchịchị nke Stanford site n'afọ 2000 ruo 2006. N'agụmakwụkwọ afọ 2003–2004, ọ bụ onye otu na Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences na Mahadum Stanford.<ref name=":2" /> Nnyocha Gay mere na-akọwa omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị Amerịka, gụnyere ndị ntuli aka, amụma gbasara ụlọ obibi, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke agbụrụ na njirimara.<ref name = "aaas-people"/> Mahadum Harvard kpọpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ prọfesọ nke gọọmentị n'afọ 2006, a họpụtakwara ya prọfesọ nke ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ndị Afrịka na Amerịka n'afọ 2007..<ref name = "news.harvard.edu">{{Cite web | date = December 15, 2022 | title = Harvard names Claudine Gay 30th president | url = https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2022/12/harvard-names-claudine-gay-30th-president/ | access-date = July 5, 2023 | website = Harvard Gazette | language = en-US | archive-date = December 22, 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221222180738/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2022/12/harvard-names-claudine-gay-30th-president/ | url-status = live }}</ref> === Ọkwa nchịkwa === N'afọ 2015, A họpụtara Gay dị ka onyeisi sayensị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na [[Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences]] (FAS) nakwa Prọfesọ Wilbur A. Cowett nke Gọọmentị na nke Ọmụmụ Ndị Africa na Ndị Africa-America. N'afọ 2018, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Dean nke Faculty of Arts and Sciences.<ref name = "aaas-people"/> Dị ka Dean nke FAS, nke na-ahụ maka ọmụmụ ihe graduate na undergraduate, Gay depụtara isi ihe anọ bụ́ isi ọ na-elekwasị anya na ha: ịbawanye ụdị dị iche iche n'etiti ndị nkuzi, ịkwado ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere mmasị n’ọmụmụ na-ejikọta ngalaba dị iche iche, ịgba ndị prọfesọ ume ka ha na-arụkọ ọrụ n'etiti ngalaba dị iche iche, na ịkwalite nsonye ndị nkuzi na ndụ obodo mahadum.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=September 2021 |title=The Art of the Dean |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |website=Harvard Magazine |access-date=July 5, 2023 |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070943/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |url-status=live }}</ref> N’oge ọ nọ n’ọkwa dị ka Dean, ihe ndị Gay lekwasịrị anya na ha gụnyere atụmatụ mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na ịbawanye ụdị agbụrụ dị iche iche n’ogige mahadum, n’etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị nkuzi.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Radsken |first=Jill |date=August 20, 2020 |title=Faculty of Arts and Sciences unveils anti-racism agenda |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/08/faculty-of-arts-and-sciences-unveils-its-anti-racism-agenda/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226194958/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/08/faculty-of-arts-and-sciences-unveils-its-anti-racism-agenda/ |archive-date=December 26, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[Harvard Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="Harvard Crimson">{{Cite news |last1=Hamid |first1=Rahem D. |last2=Schisgall |first2=Elias J. |date=May 25, 2023 |title=Dean Today, President Tomorrow: Gay Reflects on 5 Years Leading Harvard FAS |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/5/25/gay-reflects-five-years-feature/ |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111082635/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/5/25/gay-reflects-five-years-feature/ |archive-date=January 11, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọọst 2020, FAS were n’ọrụ onye osote onye isi ngalaba mbụ ya maka ọdịiche, nsonye, na inwe mmetụta nke ịbụ onye otu.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bikales |first=James S. |date=August 25, 2020 |title=FAS Hires Sheree Ohen as Inaugural Associate Dean of Diversity, Inclusion, and Belonging |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/8/25/fas-dean-diversity-equity-inclusion/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104095404/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/8/25/fas-dean-diversity-equity-inclusion/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Mgbe mkpebi Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke United States nke June 2023 gasịrị na ''Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard'', nke kpebiri na mmemme atụmatụ nkwado dabere n’agbụrụ n’ịnabata ụmụ akwụkwọ na kọleji megidere iwu obodo, Gay kwuru na Harvard ga-eso mkpebi ụlọikpe ahụ, “mana nke ahụ anaghị agbanwe ụkpụrụ anyị.”<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chan |first=Tiffany |date=June 29, 2023 |title='We're not important anymore': Supreme Court ruling sends shockwaves through college campuses |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/boston/news/supreme-court-affirmative-action-ruling-harvard-university/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111075734/https://www.cbsnews.com/boston/news/supreme-court-affirmative-action-ruling-harvard-university/ |archive-date=January 11, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=CBS News}}</ref> N’oge ọ nọ n’ọkwa onye isi ngalaba, Gay nyere ọtụtụ prọfesọ Harvard ntaramahụhụ n’ihi ebubo nke omume mmekọahụ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị. O wepụrụ ọkwa emeritus n’aka ndị prọfesọ lara ezumike nka bụ [[Jorge I. Domínguez]] na [[Gary Urton]], ma tinye ndị prọfesọ [[John Comaroff]] na [[Roland G. Fryer Jr.]] n’ezumike ọrụ, mgbe onye ọ bụla n’ime ha chere ebubo iyi egwu mmekọahụ ihu.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=May 9, 2019 |title=Harvard Prof. Dominguez Stripped of Emeritus Status Following Conclusion of Title IX Investigation |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/9/dominguez-investigation-closes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103133926/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/9/dominguez-investigation-closes/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Wang |first=Andy Z. |date=June 11, 2021 |title=Anthropology Prof. Urton Stripped of Emeritus Status, Barred From Campus Following Sexual Misconduct Investigation |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/6/11/urton-sanctions/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230824132430/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/6/11/urton-sanctions/ |archive-date=August 24, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Kim |first1=Ariel H. |last2=Xu |first2=Meimei |date=January 21, 2022 |title=Harvard Anthropology Prof. John Comaroff Placed on Leave Following Sexual Harassment, Professional Misconduct Inquiries |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/1/21/comaroff-unpaid-leave/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103133844/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/1/21/comaroff-unpaid-leave/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Avi-Yonah |first=Shera S. |date=July 10, 2019 |title=Harvard Places Fryer on Administrative Leave, Levies Sanctions |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/7/10/fryer-administrative-leave/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109185657/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/7/10/fryer-administrative-leave/ |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Gay nyekwara prọfesọ [[Martin Nowak]] ntaramahụhụ maka "omume na-adịghị mma" n'ihe gbasara mmekọrịta ya na onye omekome mmekọahụ [[Jeffrey Epstein]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=March 26, 2021 |title=Gay Levies Sanctions Against Prof. Nowak for Contacts With Jeffrey Epstein |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/3/26/gay-sanctions-nowak-epstein/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101102313/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/3/26/gay-sanctions-nowak-epstein/ |archive-date=November 1, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Prọfesọ [[Harvard Law School]] na onyeisi ngalaba Winthrop House [[Ronald S. Sullivan Jr.|Ronald Sullivan]] chere ngagharị iwe ụmụ akwụkwọ ihu n’oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 2019 mgbe o sonyechara n’òtù ndị ọka iwu na-agbachitere [[Harvey Weinstein]], bụ́ onye nọ n’ikpe maka ebubo idina mmadụ n’ike.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Streeter |first1=Kurt |date=January 4, 2024 |title=For Harvard's First Black President, Race Became the Unavoidable Issue |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/04/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-race.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104103252/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/04/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-race.html/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Gay kpọrọ nzaghachi Sullivan nyere maka esemokwu ahụ “ezughị ezu,” na-ekwu na ya nwere “ọrụ pụrụ iche” dị ka onye isi ụlọ obibi n’ilekọta ọdịmma ndị bi na Winthrop.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=February 12, 2019 |title=FAS Dean Claudine Gay Calls Sullivan's Response to Student Concerns 'Insufficient' |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/2/12/dean-gay-sullivan-response/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104040555/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/2/12/dean-gay-sullivan-response/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Onye isi [[Harvard College]], [[Rakesh Khurana]], kpebiri ịghara imegharị nkwekọrịta Sullivan dị ka onye isi ụlọ obibi Winthrop,<ref name="Rosenberg2">{{cite news |last1=Rosenberg |first1=John S. |last2=Bolotnikova |first2=Marina N. |date=July–August 2019 |title=From #MeToo fallout to undergraduate education and public service &#124; Harvard Magazine |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2019/06/news-briefs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929001839/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2019/06/news-briefs |archive-date=September 29, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[Harvard Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="05-11-20192">{{cite news |last1=Avi-Yonah |first1=Shera S. |last2=Ryan |first2=Aidan F. |date=May 11, 2019a |title=Winthrop Faculty Deans to Leave After Harvard Refuses to Renew Their Appointments |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/11/winthrop-faculty-deans-to-leave/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103191028/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/11/winthrop-faculty-deans-to-leave/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-13 |title=Harvard Won't Renew Faculty Deans' Terms Amid Outcry Over Harvey Weinstein Defense |url=https://www.wbur.org/news/2019/05/11/harvard-will-not-renew-faculty-deans-terms-amid-outcry-over-harvey-weinstein-defense |access-date=2024-01-16 |website=www.wbur.org |language=en}}</ref> mkpebi nke American Civil Liberties Union katọrọ.<ref name="11-19-2019">{{cite news |last1=Avi-Yonah |first1=Shera S. |last2=Franklin |first2=Delano R. |date=November 19, 2019b |title=Former Winthrop Dean Sullivan Criticizes Admins During Constitutional Law Society Event |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/11/19/sullivan-speaks-hucls-event/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104231558/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/11/19/sullivan-speaks-hucls-event/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Soave |first1=Robby |author-link1=Robby Soave |date=June 10, 2019 |title=ACLU Says Harvard 'Sacrificed Principles Central to Our Legal System' When It Fired Ron Sullivan |url=https://reason.com/2019/06/10/aclu-harvard-ron-sullivan/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202090339/https://reason.com/2019/06/10/aclu-harvard-ron-sullivan/ |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[Reason (magazine)|Reason]]}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, Gay kwuru na Harvard ga-achọ ị wee ọtụtụ prọfesọ ọmụmụ agbụrụ n'ọrụ,<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=October 4, 2019 |title=FAS Prioritizing Ethnic Studies Faculty Searches Despite Stagnant Overall Hiring, Dean Gay Says |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/10/4/fas-faculty-search/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230706232830/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/10/4/fas-faculty-search/ |archive-date=July 6, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> were mmadụ atọ n'ọrụ n'afọ 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Xu |first=Meimei |date=July 9, 2022 |title=Jesse Hoffnung-Garskof '93 Joins Harvard as Third Professor in Ethnic Studies Cluster Hire |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/7/9/Jesse-Hoffnung-Garskof-hire/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106192145/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/7/9/Jesse-Hoffnung-Garskof-hire/ |archive-date=January 6, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Mgbe ngagharị iwe gasịrị nke katọrọ ịjụ inye [[Lorgia García Peña]], onye ọkà mmụta gbasara agbụrụ na omenala, ọkwa onye prọfesọ na-adịgide adịgide na Harvard, Gay kwuru na Jenụwarị 2020 na ya ga-ebido nyocha usoro FAS si enye ndị prọfesọ ọkwa ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Bikales |first1=James S. |last2=Chen |first2=Kevin R. |date=January 3, 2020 |title=FAS Dean Gay to Review Tenure Promotion Process |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/1/3/fas-tenure-review-letter/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704200520/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/1/3/fas-tenure-review-letter/ |archive-date=July 4, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Nyocha ahụ, e wepụtara n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2021, kwuru na usoro Harvard si enye ndị ọkà mmụta ọkwa ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide bụ nke “a haziri nke ọma n’usoro ya” n’ọtụtụ akụkụ, mana ọ chọpụtakwara na ndị prọfesọ enweghị ntụkwasị obi zuru oke n’usoro ahụ, nakwa na mmụọ ọrụ ha banyere usoro ahụ adịghị elu.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=October 12, 2021 |title=FAS Review Largely Upholds Tenure System Despite Acknowledging 'Mistrust and Low Morale' |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/10/12/tenure-review-report-2021/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704193848/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/10/12/tenure-review-report-2021/ |archive-date=July 4, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Dị ka onyeisi ngalaba (Dean), Gay bụ onye lekọtara mmalite nke Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences ọhụrụ n'afọ 2021 na ogige Harvard dị na Allston, nke ọnụ ahịa owuwu ya ruru otu ijeri dọla. Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ gụnyekwara mmemme PhD na injinia kwantum.<ref name="Harvard Crimson" /> Harvard nwere nsogbu agụmakwụkwọ na ego n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19. Maka afọ ego 2020, Ngalaba nke Nka na Sayensị kọrọ na mfu ruru nde dọla $15.8.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=January 2021 |title=The Financial Fallout…So Far |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/01/jhj-financial-fallout |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070955/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/01/jhj-financial-fallout |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |access-date=July 5, 2023 |website=Harvard Magazine}}</ref> Na mmalite afọ 2021, Gay kwupụtara na ọnụ ahịa nke nkwa agụmakwụkwọ FAS dị oke elu karịa ego ọ na-enweta ma malite usoro iji belata mmefu.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=September 2021 |title=The Art of the Dean |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070943/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |access-date=July 5, 2023 |website=Harvard Magazine}}</ref> Ná ngwụcha afọ ahụ, FAS kwuru na o nwere ego fọdụrụ nke ruru nde dọla 51($51 million), nke bụ mmụba ma e jiri ya tụnyere mfu nde dọla 112 ($112 million ) e buru ụzọ tụọ anya.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=November 3, 2021 |title=Defying Projections, FAS Ends Fiscal Year with $51M Surplus |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/11/3/fas-annual-report-2021/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216025902/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/11/3/fas-annual-report-2021/ |archive-date=December 16, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |work=The Harvard Crimson}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye na ọkwa ya na Harvard, Gay jere ozi dịka osote onyeisi oche nke [[Midwest Political Science Association]] site n'afọ 2014 ruo 2017,<ref>{{cite web |title=Past Vice Presidents |website=MPSAnet.org |url=https://www.mpsanet.org/about/governance/past-mpsa-officers/ |access-date=January 20, 2023 |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120155451/https://www.mpsanet.org/about/governance/past-mpsa-officers/ |url-status=live }}</ref> nakwa dịka onye nlekọta Phillips Exeter site n'afọ 2017 ruo 2023.<ref name=":4" /> === Ọchịchị Mahadum Harvard === N'ọnwa Juun 2022, onye isi oche [[Harvard University]] [[Lawrence Bacow]] kwupụtara na ọ ga-agba arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa ahụ n'ime otu afọ. Kọmitii nchọta nke [[Penny Pritzker] duru tụlere ndị a họpụtara 600 ma họrọ Gay ka ọ nọchie Bacow. N'ọnwa Disemba 15, 2022, Harvard kwupụtara na a họpụtara Gay ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi oche nke Mahadum Harvard nke iri atọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 15, 2022|title=Claudine Gay: Harvard University picks first Black president|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-63990177|work=BBC News|first=Madeline|last=Halpert|access-date=December 7, 2023|archive-date=November 11, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231111125431/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-63990177|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=December 16, 2022 |title=Harvard names Claudine Gay as first ever Black president |work=[[United Press International]]|first=A. L.|last=Lee |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2022/12/16/harvard-first-black-woman-president/8271671192815 |access-date=December 19, 2022 |archive-date=December 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223023703/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2022/12/16/harvard-first-black-woman-president/8271671192815/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Ọ malitere ọrụ n'ọnwa Julaị 1, 2023, wee bụrụ onye isi ojii mbụ bụ onyeisi oche nke mahadum ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=With End of Affirmative Action, Claudine Gay Faces Unprecedented Challenges to Start Harvard Presidency|url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/7/4/claudine-gay-harvard-affirmative-action-analysis/|work=The Harvard Crimson|first1=Miles J.|last1=Herszenhorn|first2=Claire|last2=Yuan|date=July 4, 2023|access-date=December 12, 2023|archive-date=December 16, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216105326/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/7/4/claudine-gay-harvard-affirmative-action-analysis/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 21, 2021 |title=Homepage |url=https://www.harvard.edu/president/ |access-date=December 10, 2023 |website=Harvard University President |language=en-US |archive-date=December 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210044210/https://www.harvard.edu/president/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ==== Nnyocha izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi ==== N'oge na-adịghị anya ka e mechara ịnụ okwu n'ụlọ omebe iwu n'ọnwa Disemba, onye na-akwado echiche mgbanwe aka nri bụ [[Christopher Rufo]] na onye nta akụkọ bụ [[Aaron Sibarium]] boro Gay ebubo izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi.<ref name="diver-tg"/><ref name=":6">{{cite news |last1=Burns |first1=Hilary |last2=Damiano |first2=Mike |date=December 11, 2023 |title=Key Harvard oversight board offers silence as controversy engulfs Harvard president Claudine Gay |website=[[The Boston Globe]] |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/12/11/metro/harvard-president-testimony/ |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212041702/https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/12/11/metro/harvard-president-testimony/ |archive-date=December 12, 2023}}</ref> and by an anonymous complaint.<ref name="Schuessler" /> Dị ka ''The New York Times'' si chịkọta, ebubo ndị ahụ metụtara “iji ihe sitere n’ebe ndị ọzọ nweta n’enyeghị otuto ma ọ bụ ntụaka kwesịrị ekwesị nye ndị nwe ya... [nke gụnyere] site n’obere akụkụ nke nkọwa isiokwu ruo na paragraf ndị chịkọtara nchọpụta ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ọzọ, ebe a gbanwere naanị ntakịrị n’ụzọ e si dee ha, na n’ụfọdụ ọnọdụ, e nweghịdị ntụaka kpọmkwem nye ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ahụ.”<ref name="Schuessler"/> Ebubo ndị a ruru ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ikpe iri ise gụnyere akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ asatọ nke Gay dere, gụnyere edemede ya na ise n'ime edemede iri na otu o bipụtara.<ref name="Nguyen">{{cite news |last1=Nguyen |first1=Sophia |title=The plagiarism allegations against ex-Harvard president Claudine Gay, explained |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105133742/https://www.washingtonpost.com/books/2024/01/04/claudine-gay-plagiarism-examples-harvard/ |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/books/2024/01/04/claudine-gay-plagiarism-examples-harvard/ |archive-date=January 5, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=January 4, 2024}}</ref> [[Carol M. Swain]] boro Gay ebubo na o nyeghị ọrụ Swain otuto ma ọ bụ ntụaka sitere n'akwụkwọ ya nke afọ 1993, "Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress", nakwa edemede Swain dere bụ "Women and Blacks in Congress: 1870–1996" nke e bipụtara n'afọ 1997.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Carol |first=Swain |date=17 Dec 2023 |title=Claudine Gay and My Scholarship |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/claudine-gay-and-my-scholarship-plagiarism-elite-system-unearned-position-24e4a1b1 |journal=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2023, ''[[New York Post]]'' kpọtụụrụ Harvard ka o kwuo ihe ọ na-eche banyere akụkọ ha na-akwado ibipụta gbasara ihe atụ 27 a na-enyo enyo na ha bụ “izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi”. Harvard kpọrọ ebubo ''Post'' ahụ “ụgha a pụrụ igosi n'ụzọ doro anya”, ma yie akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ egwu ịgba ya akwụkwọ maka nkwutọ.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last1=Kettles |first1=Cam E. |last2=Robinson |first2=Tilly R. |date=December 25, 2023 |title=A Law Firm Said Plagiarism Allegations Against Harvard President Gay Were 'Demonstrably False.' Then She Submitted Corrections. |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/25/harvard-threaten-sue-post/ |access-date=December 26, 2023 |website=The Harvard Crimson |archive-date=December 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226002617/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/25/harvard-threaten-sue-post/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Na nzaghachi, Gay kwuru na ya kwụsiri ike n'ọrụ ya ma rịọ ka ndị ezi nyochaa ya.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":10" /> Ụlọ ọrụ Harvard (Harvard Corporation) kọrọ na nyocha ahụ chọpụtara “ọnọdụ ole na ole ebe enyeghị ntụaka zuru oke” na “iji okwu ndị yiri ibe ha ugboro ugboro n’enweghị inye otuto kwesịrị ekwesị” n’ọrụ ya, mana “enweghị mmebi nke ụkpụrụ Harvard gbasara omume ọjọọ n’ime nchọpụta.”<ref name="Schuessler"/><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |date=December 12, 2023 |title=Statement from the Harvard Corporation: Our President |url=https://www.harvard.edu/blog/2023/12/12/statement-from-the-harvard-corporation-our-president/ |access-date=December 21, 2023 |website=Harvard University |language=en-US |archive-date=December 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220222512/https://www.harvard.edu/blog/2023/12/12/statement-from-the-harvard-corporation-our-president/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":13">{{Cite web |last1=Robinson |first1=Tilly R. |last2=Shah |first2=Neil H. |date=December 21, 2023 |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay to Submit 3 Additional Corrections, Corporation Says Improper Citations Fall Short of Research Misconduct |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/21/gay-plagiarism-dissertation-corrections/ |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=www.thecrimson.com |archive-date=December 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225025004/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/21/gay-plagiarism-dissertation-corrections/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Nyocha nke ''[[The Harvard Crimson]]'' na [[CNN]] jụrụ nkwupụta Harvard ahụ, na-achọpụta na o yikarịrị ka Gay emebiri iwu mahadum ahụ gbasara izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi na iguzosi ike n’ezi ihe n’ihe ọmụmụ.<ref>Quotes from ''The Harvard Crimson'' and CNN: * {{harvnb|Hamid|Orakwue|Schisgall|2023|loc=: "The Crimson independently reviewed the published allegations. Though some are minor — consisting of passages that are similar or identical to Gay’s sources, lacking quotation marks but including citations — others are more substantial, including some paragraphs and sentences nearly identical to other work and lacking citations. Some appear to violate Harvard's current policies around plagiarism and academic integrity."}} * {{harvnb|Steck|2023|loc=: "Harvard President Claudine Gay recently requested corrections for two of her academic papers, but she did not address even clearer examples of plagiarism from earlier in her academic history at the school, according to a CNN analysis of her writings... Both offenses appear to go against Harvard’s guide on plagiarism, which clearly states, 'it is considered plagiarism to draw any idea or any language from someone else without adequately crediting that source in your paper.{{'"}}}} </ref><ref name="Hamid">{{cite news |last1=Hamid |first1=Rahem D. |last2=Orakwue |first2=Nia L. |last3=Schisgall |first3=Elias J. |title=Despite Support From Corporation, Harvard President Gay Under Fire Over Plagiarism Allegations |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109233800/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/12/allegations-plagiarism-gay-dissertation/ |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/12/allegations-plagiarism-gay-dissertation/ |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]] |date=December 12, 2023}}</ref><ref name="Steck">{{cite news |last1=Steck |first1=Em |title=Harvard president's corrections do not address her clearest instances of plagiarism, including as a student in the 1990s |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107151033/https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/20/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-plagiarism/index.html |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/20/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-plagiarism/index.html |archive-date=January 7, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[CNN]] |date=December 20, 2023}}</ref> Gay rịọrọ ka e mee mmezi asaa iji tinye ntụaka na akara okwu n’akwụkwọ nyocha ya na abụọ n’ime edemede ya.<ref name=":8" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Souza |first1=Sabrina |last2=Egan |first2=Matt |date=December 15, 2023 |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay corrects two scholarly articles following allegations of plagiarism |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/12/15/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-corrects-scholarly-articles-plagiarism-allegations/index.html |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[CNN]] |archive-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216093134/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/12/15/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-corrects-scholarly-articles-plagiarism-allegations/index.html?utm_source=business_ribbon |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Nguyen" /> Ọkà mmụta agụmakwụkwọ bụ [[Joseph M. Reagle Jr.|Joseph Reagle]] kwuru na akụkọ ndị mgbasa ozi kwuru na Gay “zuru echiche” pụtara na ọ zuru echiche ndị bụ isi dị n’ọrụ ya, ma kwuo sị, “Echeghị m na nke a bụ ihe mere.” Otú ọ dị, o kwuru na ọrụ ahụ “nwere akụkụ ederede e depụtaghachiri n’enyeghị otuto kwesịrị ekwesị. Nke a bụ mmebi iwu dị nta, mana ọ ka dị mkpa.”<ref name="Slate 19 January 2024">{{cite news |last1=Harrison |first1=Stephen |title=Yes, Copying From Wikipedia Is Plagiarism |url=https://slate.com/technology/2024/01/is-copying-from-wikipedia-plagiarism.html |access-date=20 January 2024 |work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |date=19 January 2024}}</ref> Ọkà mmụta agụmakwụkwọ William Arighi, n’akwụkwọ o dere maka ''[[American Association of University Professors|Journal of Academic Freedom]]'', mechara kọwaa ihe ndị ahụ mere dị ka “mgbalị na-abụghị nke ịkwalite eziokwu, kama ọ bụ nke ịkwado ebumnuche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.”<ref name=":14">{{Cite journal |last=Arighi |first=William |title=Claudine Gay, Plagiarism, and AI |url=https://www.aaup.org/JAF15/claudine-gay-plagiarism-and-ai |journal=[[Journal of Academic Freedom]] |volume=15}}</ref> N'ịzaghachi ebubo ndị a, Kọmitii Ụlọ Ndị Omeiwu nke United States maka Mmụta na Ndị Ọrụ (United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce|congressional committee) nke mere nzukọ ahụ gbasara mmegide ndị Juu kwuru na ha ga-enyocha ọrụ Gay, ma rịọ mahadum ka ha mepụta nkwukọrịta na akwụkwọ ndị metụtara ya.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Egan |first=Matt |date=2023-12-29 |title=Harvard granted extension to respond to House on plagiarism scandal |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/29/business/harvard-plagiarism-claudine-gay-education-committee/index.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=[[CNN]] |language=en |archive-date=December 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230141532/https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/29/business/harvard-plagiarism-claudine-gay-education-committee/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Matza |first=Max |date=December 21, 2023 |title=Claudine Gay: New problems found in Harvard president's work |language=en-GB |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-67782799 |access-date=December 24, 2023 |archive-date=December 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224040344/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-67782799 |url-status=live }}</ref> ==== Ịgba arụkwaghịm ==== N'ọnwa Jenụwarị 2, 2024, Gay kwupụtara na ọ na-agba arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa ya.<ref name=resignation>{{Cite web |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay Resigns, Shortest Tenure in University History {{!}} News {{!}} The Harvard Crimson |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2024/1/3/claudine-gay-resign-harvard/ |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=www.thecrimson.com |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102223704/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2024/1/3/claudine-gay-resign-harvard/ |url-status=live }}</ref> N’ozi-e (email) o zigara ndị mmekọ ya, Gay dere sị, “Ọ bụ ihe na-ewute m ịhụ na a na-etinye obi abụọ n’ịkwenye m ịlụso ịkpọasị ọgụ na ịkwado ịdị uchu n’ihe ọmụmụ—ụkpụrụ abụọ bụ́ ntọala dị mkpa nke onye m bụ—nakwa na ọ na-atụ m ụjọ<ref name="Walker">{{Cite news |last=Walker |first=Adria R. |date=2024-01-03 |title='Racist, vicious': academics decry rightwing attacks on Claudine Gay |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/racist-rightwing-attacks-claudine-gay-former-harvard-president |access-date=2024-03-07 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> ịbụ onye a na-awakpo n’onwe ya ma na-enweta iyi egwu ndị ịkpọasị agbụrụ kpaliri.”<ref name="guard2-2jan2024">{{cite news |date=January 2, 2024 |title=Harvard president Claudine Gay's resignation letter in full |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resignation-letter |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102221032/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resignation-letter |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |access-date=January 2, 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> N’akwụkwọ echiche o dere n’echi ya, Gay kwuru na ya “mere njehie”, mana na ọkpụkpọ òkù a kpọrọ ya ka ọ gbaa akaebe n’ihu Congress gbasara ịkpọasị megide ndị Juu bụ “ọnyà a haziri nke ọma”, nakwa na mkpọsa e mere iji chụpụ ya bụ “ọgụ nta so n’agha sara mbara iji mebie ntụkwasị obi ọha na e nwere n’ogidi ndị bụ isi nke ọha America”.<ref name="guard-4jan2024">{{cite news |last1=Beckett |first1=Lois |title=Ousted Harvard president Claudine Gay warns of 'a broader war' in op-ed |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/claudine-gay-harvard-president-resignation-new-york-times-op-ed |access-date=January 4, 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=January 4, 2024 |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104033121/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/claudine-gay-harvard-president-resignation-new-york-times-op-ed |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="nyt-3jan2024">{{cite news |last1=Gay |first1=Claudine |title=Claudine Gay: What Just Happened at Harvard Is Bigger Than Me |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/03/opinion/claudine-gay-harvard-president.html |access-date=January 4, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 3, 2024 |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104000534/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/03/opinion/claudine-gay-harvard-president.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Walker"/> Mgbe Gay gbara arụkwaghịm, a họpụtara [[Alan Garber]], onye bụ provost nke Mahadum Harvard, ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi oche nwa oge. Gay ka bụkwa onye nkuzi na Mahadum Harvard.<ref name=":7">{{cite web |date=2 January 2024 |title=Harvard President Resigns After Mounting Plagiarism Accusations|first=Jennifer|last=Schuessler|author2=Anemona Hartocollis|author3=Michael Levenson |author4=Alan Blinder |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/02/us/harvard-claudine-gay-resigns.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103122237/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/02/us/harvard-claudine-gay-resigns.html |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 3, 2024 |work=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Czachor |first=Emily Mae |date=2024-01-02 |title=Harvard president Claudine Gay resigns amid controversy – CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/claudine-gay-resigns-harvard-university-president-letter/ |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103230850/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/claudine-gay-resigns-harvard-university-president-letter/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Ndụ nkeonwe== Gay lụrụ Christopher Afendulis, onye nyocha usoro ozi na Ngalaba Nnyocha na Amụma Ahụike nke Mahadum Stanford. Ha nwere nwa nwoke.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Vaishnavi |last=Vaidyanathan |date=October 12, 2023 |title=Who Is Christopher Afendulis, Harvard President Claudine Gay's Husband? |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/world/who-is-christopher-afendulis-harvard-president-claudine-gay-husband-article-104385151 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |website=TimesNow |language=en |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212134757/https://www.timesnownews.com/world/who-is-christopher-afendulis-harvard-president-claudine-gay-husband-article-104385151 |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Mbipụta ahọpụtara== {{Scholia|author}} * 1998: "Doubly Bound: The Impact of Gender and Race on the Politics of Black Women", ''[[Political Psychology]]'', co-authored with [[Katherine Tate]] * 2001: "The Effect of Black Congressional Representation on Political Participation", ''[[American Political Science Review]]'' * 2001: ''The Effect of Minority Districts and Minority Representation on Political Participation in California'', [[Public Policy Institute of California]] * 2002: "Spirals of Trust? The Effect of Descriptive Representation on the Relationship Between Citizens and Their Government", ''[[American Journal of Political Science]]'' * 2004: "Putting Race in Context: Identifying the Environmental Determinants of Black Racial Attitudes", ''American Political Science Review'' * 2006: "Seeing Difference: The Effect of Economic Disparity on Black Attitudes Toward Latinos", ''American Journal of Political Science'' * 2007: "Legislating Without Constraints: The Effect of Minority Districting on Legislators' Responsiveness to Constituency Preferences", ''[[The Journal of Politics]]'' * 2012: "Moving to Opportunity: The Political Effects of a Housing Mobility Experiment", ''[[Urban Affairs Review]]'' * 2013: ''Outsiders No More? Models of Immigrant Political Incorporation'', [[Oxford University Press]], co-editor with Jacqueline Chattopadhyay, [[Jennifer Hochschild]], and [[Michael Jones-Correa]] * 2014: "Knowledge Matters: Policy Cross-pressures and Black Partisanship", ''[[Political Behavior (journal)|Political Behavior]]'' ==Ebensidee== {{Reflist}} ==Njikọ mpuga== {{commons category}} {{wikiquote}} *[https://www.harvard.edu/president/history/#2000s Biography] on the [[Harvard University]] website {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gay, Claudine}} [[Category:1970 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:20th-century African-American academics]] [[Category:20th-century African-American women]] [[Category:20th-century American academics]] [[Category:20th-century American women academics]] [[Category:21st-century African-American academics]] [[Category:21st-century African-American women]] [[Category:21st-century American academics]] [[Category:21st-century American women academics]] [[Category:African American–Jewish relations]] [[Category:African-American academic administrators]] [[Category:African-American women academic administrators]] [[Category:American academic administrators]] [[Category:American expatriates in Saudi Arabia]] [[Category:American people of Haitian descent]] [[Category:American political scientists]] [[Category:American women academic administrators]] [[Category:American women political scientists]] [[Category:Black studies scholars]] [[Category:Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni]] [[Category:Harvard University administrators]] [[Category:Harvard University faculty]] [[Category:Phillips Exeter Academy alumni]] [[Category:Presidents of Harvard University]] [[Category:Stanford University alumni]] [[Category:Women heads of universities and colleges]] mkiawroliiblb0ihpj8gxqgyxi3wl7t 729868 729867 2026-10-01T16:30:02Z Chrysella 12967 /* Njikọ mpuga */ 729868 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|American political scientist and university administrator (born 1970)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=December 2023}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Claudine Gay | image = Inauguration of Claudine Gay as President of Harvard University (3) (cropped).jpg | caption = Gay in 2023 | office = 30th [[President of Harvard University]] | term_start = July 1, 2023 | term_end = January 2, 2024 | predecessor = [[Lawrence Bacow]] | successor = [[Alan Garber]] | office1 = Dean of the [[Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences]] | term_start1 = August 15, 2018 | term_end1 = June 30, 2023 | predecessor1 = [[Michael D. Smith (computer scientist)|Michael Smith]] | successor1 = [[Emma Dench]] (interim)<br>[[Hopi Hoekstra]] | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1970|08|04}} | birth_place = [[New York City]], U.S. | death_date = | death_place = | spouse = Christopher Afendulis | children = 1 | education = [[Princeton University]]<br>[[Stanford University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br>[[Harvard University]] ([[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]]) | relatives = [[Roxane Gay]] (cousin) | module = {{Infobox academic |embed = yes |discipline = [[Political science]] |thesis_title = Taking charge: Black electoral success and the redefinition of American politics |thesis_url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/304343028/fulltextPDF/E3586B8D78E3408DPQ/ |thesis_year = 1997 | doctoral_advisor = [[Gary King (political scientist)|Gary King]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-03 |title=Excerpts From Dr. Claudine Gay's Work – The New York Times |website=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/21/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-excerpts.html |access-date=2024-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103102250/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/21/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-excerpts.html |archive-date=January 3, 2024 }}</ref> |workplaces = [[Stanford University]] (2000–2006)<br>[[Harvard University]] (2006–present)}} }} [[w:ig: Claudine Gay|Claudine Gay]](amụrụ n'ọnwa Ọgọọst 4, 1970)<ref name=":11" /> bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Amerịka, onye bụkwa Prọfesọ Wilbur A. Cowett nke Gọọmentị na Ọmụmụ Ihe Ndị Afrịka na Ndị Afrịka-Amerịka na [[Harvard University]]. Nnyocha ya lekwasịrị anya n'omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Amerịka, gụnyere ndị ntuli aka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke agbụrụ na njirimara.<ref name = "aaas-people">{{Cite web | title = Claudine Gay | url = https://aaas.fas.harvard.edu/people/claudine-gay | access-date = December 10, 2023 | website = aaas.fas.harvard.edu | language = en | archive-date = December 7, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231207223229/https://aaas.fas.harvard.edu/people/claudine-gay | url-status = live }}</ref> Gay jere ozi dị ka diin nke Social Sciences na Harvard site n'afọ 2015 ruo 2018, dị ka diin (dean) nke Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences site n'afọ 2018 ruo 2023, na dị ka onyeisi nke Mahadum Harvard nke iri atọ (30th) site n'ọnwa Julaị 2023 ruo Jenụwarị 2024. N'ọnwa Disemba 2023, Gay na ndị isi oche mahadum abụọ nwere nrụgide sitere n'aka ọha na eze<ref name="WSJ-10-11">{{Cite web |last1=Belkin |first1=Douglas |last2=Ellis |first2=Lindsay |date=October 11, 2023 |title=Blaming Israel for Hamas Attacks Sparks Backlash Across U.S., Exposing Deep Rifts |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/israel-hamas-attack-us-backlash-ff5f25e8 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013013849/https://www.wsj.com/us-news/israel-hamas-attack-us-backlash-ff5f25e8 |archive-date=October 13, 2023 |access-date=October 13, 2023 |work=The Wall Street Journal |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="NYT1010">{{Cite news |last1=Hartocollis |first1=Anemona |last2=Saul |first2=Stephanie |last3=Patel |first3=Vimal |date=October 10, 2023 |title=At Harvard, a Battle Over What Should Be Said About the Hamas Attacks |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/10/us/harvard-israel-gaza-hamas-reaction.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231013013842/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/10/us/harvard-israel-gaza-hamas-reaction.html |archive-date=October 13, 2023 |access-date=October 13, 2023 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> na kwa site na Nnọkọ Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke 2023 gbasara mmegide Ndị Juu|kọmiti Ndị Omeiwu (2023 United States Congress hearing on antisemitism|congressional committee) ịgba arụkwaghịm, n'ihi azịza nye ebubo nke ime ihe ike mmegide ndị Juu n'ogige agụmakwụkwọ ahụ.<ref name="AB-1206">{{Cite web |last=Hensley |first=Sarah Beth |date=December 6, 2023 |title=Harvard's president answers backlash over response to calls for 'genocide of Jews' |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/harvards-president-answers-backlash-response-calls-genocide-jews/story |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207015000/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/harvards-president-answers-backlash-response-calls-genocide-jews/story?id=105433835 |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |website=ABC News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Al-Jazeera-1206">{{Cite web |date=December 6, 2023 |title=How are Harvard, Penn presidents responding to campus anti-Semitism row? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/7/how-are-harvard-penn-presidents-responding-to-campus-anti-semitism-row |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207164401/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/7/how-are-harvard-penn-presidents-responding-to-campus-anti-semitism-row |archive-date=December 7, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="NYT1206">{{Cite web | date = December 6, 2023 | title = College Presidents Under Fire After Dodging Questions About Antisemitism | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/06/us/harvard-mit-penn-presidents-antisemitism.html | access-date = December 7, 2023 | website = [[The New York Times]] | first1 = Stephanie | last1 = Saul | first2 = Anemona | last2 = Hartocollis | language = en-US | archive-date = December 8, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231208061344/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/06/us/harvard-mit-penn-presidents-antisemitism.html | url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Korn |first=Melissa |date=2023-12-10 |title=Penn President, Board Chair Resign After Furor Over Comments on Campus Antisemitism |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/university-of-pennsylvania-president-resigns-amid-furor-over-comments-on-antisemitism-on-campus-658d74cd |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=WSJ |language=en-US |archive-date=December 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210102101/https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/university-of-pennsylvania-president-resigns-amid-furor-over-comments-on-antisemitism-on-campus-658d74cd |url-status=live }}</ref> N'etiti mkpọsa nrụgide a, a boro Gay ebubo na ọ zuru ọrụ ọgụgụ isi n’akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ndị o bipụtara,<ref name="diver-tg">{{cite news | last1 = Diver | first1 = Tony | title = Harvard University president Claudine Gay accused of plagiarism amid anti-Semitism row | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231211182150/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/12/11/harvard-president-accused-plagiarism-amid-anti-semitism-row/ | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/12/11/harvard-president-accused-plagiarism-amid-anti-semitism-row/ | archive-date = December 11, 2023 | access-date = December 11, 2023 | website = [[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]] | date = December 11, 2023}}</ref><ref name="Schuessler">{{Cite news | last = Schuessler | first = Jennifer | date = 2023-12-21 | title = Harvard Finds More Instances of 'Duplicative Language' in President's Work | language = en-US | work = The New York Times | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/20/us/harvard-claudine-gay-plagiarism.html | access-date = 2024-01-01 | issn = 0362-4331 | archive-date = December 26, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231226105816/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/20/us/harvard-claudine-gay-plagiarism.html | url-status = live }}</ref><ref name=":12" /> ọ bụ ezie na ebubo ndị a agbaghaala.<ref name=":13" /><ref name=":14" /> N'ọnwa Jenụwarị 2024, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa onyeisi oche.<ref name="guard-2jan2024">{{cite news | last1 = Walker | first1 = Adria R. | title = Harvard president resigns amid claims of plagiarism and antisemitism backlash | url = https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resigns | access-date = January 2, 2024 | work = [[The Guardian]] | date = January 2, 2024 | archive-date = January 2, 2024 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240102210529/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resigns | url-status = live }}</ref> == Mmalite ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == Amụrụ Gay na [[The Bronx]] n'ọnwa Ọgọọst 4, 1970,<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |date=2023-01-11 |title="CLAUDINE GAY (1970-)" |url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/claudine-gay-1970/ |access-date=2024-04-09 |first= Malik |last=Simba |website=BlackPast.org |language=en}}</ref> ma too mbụ na [[New York City]], ya na nwanne ya nwoke nke tọrọ ya, Sony Gay, Jr.<ref name="the-scholar">{{Cite web |title=The Scholar Everyone Sought: Claudine Gay, Harvard's Next President |first= Miles J. |last=Herszenhorn|author2= Claire Yuan | website = The Harvard Crimson | url = https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/1/27/claudine-gay-presidential-profile/|date=January 27, 2023 |access-date=December 13, 2023 | archive-date = July 2, 2023 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230702132518/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/1/27/claudine-gay-presidential-profile/ | url-status = live }}</ref> Ndị mụrụ ya bụ ụmụ akwụkwọ mba ofesi si [[Haiti]], bụ́ ndị zutere na New York City dị ka ụmụ akwụkwọ kọleji n'afọ 1967. Nne ya, Claudette Gay, née Bateau (1946–2023), gụrụ akwụkwọ nọọsụ, nna ya agụọ injinịa.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-29 |title='Courage to Be Harvard' |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2023/10/feature-president-gay-installation-address |access-date=2024-04-09 |first= Claudine |last=Gay |website=harvard.edu |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite news|url=http://afropunk.com/2018/07/meet-the-haitian-american-woman-whos-harvards-new-dean-of-the-faculty-of-arts-science/|title=Meet the Haitian-American woman who's Harvard's new Dean of the Faculty of Arts & Science|date=July 25, 2018|work=Afropunk|access-date=August 20, 2018|archive-date=August 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820074606/http://afropunk.com/2018/07/meet-the-haitian-american-woman-whos-harvards-new-dean-of-the-faculty-of-arts-science/|url-status=live}}</ref> Mgbe ọ ka bụ nwata, Gay na ezinụlọ ya kwagara [[Saudi Arabia]], ebe nna ya, Sony Gay, Sr., rụrụ ndị [[United States Army Corps of Engineers]] ọrụ.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |date=July 23, 2018 |title=Claudine Gay named Harvard FAS dean |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2018/07/claudine-gay-named-harvard-fas-dean/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221221121625/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2018/07/claudine-gay-named-harvard-fas-dean/ |archive-date=December 21, 2022 |access-date=July 24, 2018 |work=Harvard Gazette |language=en-US}}</ref> Ezinụlọ áhù laghachiri United States ma bie na [[Georgia (US State)|Georgia]] ya na [[Colorado]].<ref name="the-scholar" /> Onye edemede [[Feminism|feminist]] [[Roxane Gay]] bụ nwanne nna mbụ nke Gay.<ref name="the-scholar" /><ref name=":3" /> Ezinụlọ ha nwere ma na-arụkwa ụlọ ọrụ simenti kachasị ukwuu na Haiti, nke dị na [[Port-au-Prince]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2024/01/claudine-gay-harvard-plagiarism/677007/ |title=The Real Harvard Scandal |first=Tyler Austin |last=Harper |date=January 3, 2024 |work=The Atlantic |access-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103235311/https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2024/01/claudine-gay-harvard-plagiarism/677007/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=GDG Concrete & Construction |url=http://www.gdgbeton.com/english/personnel.html |website=www.gdgbeton.com |access-date=2024-04-09}}</ref> Gay gara Phillips Exeter Academy, ụlọ akwụkwọ nkeonwe (ụlọ akwụkwọ obibi) na [[Exeter, New Hampshire]],<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.exeter.edu/about-us/governance/meet-our-trustees|title=Meet Our Trustees {{!}} Phillips Exeter Academy|website=www.exeter.edu|access-date=February 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202190111/https://www.exeter.edu/about-us/governance/meet-our-trustees|archive-date=February 2, 2018}}</ref> ebe ọ gụchara akwụkwọ n'afọ 1988.<ref name="the-scholar" /> Ọ gara [[Princeton University]] otu afọ <ref name="the-scholar" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=December 12, 2023 |title=Who is Claudine Gay, Harvard's president? And how has she made history? |url=https://www.wbaltv.com/article/claudine-gay-harvards-president/46105240 |access-date=December 13, 2023 |website=WBAL |language=en |archive-date=December 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213062711/https://www.wbaltv.com/article/claudine-gay-harvards-president/46105240 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Stanford Daily Archives |url=https://archives.stanforddaily.com/1989/09/21?page=11&section=MODSMD_ARTICLE17 |access-date=December 13, 2023 |website=archives.stanforddaily.com |archive-date=December 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213062712/https://archives.stanforddaily.com/1989/09/21?page=11&section=MODSMD_ARTICLE17 |url-status=live }}</ref> tupu ọ gaa [[Stanford University]] ebe ọ gụrụ Akụnụba (Economics) dị ka isi ngalaba ọmụmụ ya, wee gụchaa akwụkwọ n'afọ 1992, nata ihe nrite Anna Laura Myers maka akwụkwọ edemede pụrụ iche maka akụnụba.<ref name=":2" /> Gay nwetara akara ugo mmụta [[Dọkịta Nkà Ihe Ọmụma | Ph.D.]] na 1998 site na [[Harvard University]] ma merie ihe nrite Toppan nke mahadum maka edemede kacha mma na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2015/04/claudine-gay-named-dean-of-social-science/|title=Claudine Gay named dean of social science|last=Reuell|first=Peter|date=April 28, 2015|work=Harvard Gazette|access-date=April 14, 2017|language=en-US|archive-date=April 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415104054/http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2015/04/claudine-gay-named-dean-of-social-science/|url-status=live}}</ref> == Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ == Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Gay bụ osote prọfesọ, ma mesịa bụrụ prọfesọ n'onwe ya, na Ngalaba Sayensị Ndọrọndọrọ Ọchịchị nke Stanford site n'afọ 2000 ruo 2006. N'agụmakwụkwọ afọ 2003–2004, ọ bụ onye otu na Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences na Mahadum Stanford.<ref name=":2" /> Nnyocha Gay mere na-akọwa omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị Amerịka, gụnyere ndị ntuli aka, amụma gbasara ụlọ obibi, na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke agbụrụ na njirimara.<ref name = "aaas-people"/> Mahadum Harvard kpọpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ prọfesọ nke gọọmentị n'afọ 2006, a họpụtakwara ya prọfesọ nke ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ndị Afrịka na Amerịka n'afọ 2007..<ref name = "news.harvard.edu">{{Cite web | date = December 15, 2022 | title = Harvard names Claudine Gay 30th president | url = https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2022/12/harvard-names-claudine-gay-30th-president/ | access-date = July 5, 2023 | website = Harvard Gazette | language = en-US | archive-date = December 22, 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221222180738/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2022/12/harvard-names-claudine-gay-30th-president/ | url-status = live }}</ref> === Ọkwa nchịkwa === N'afọ 2015, A họpụtara Gay dị ka onyeisi sayensị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na [[Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences]] (FAS) nakwa Prọfesọ Wilbur A. Cowett nke Gọọmentị na nke Ọmụmụ Ndị Africa na Ndị Africa-America. N'afọ 2018, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Dean nke Faculty of Arts and Sciences.<ref name = "aaas-people"/> Dị ka Dean nke FAS, nke na-ahụ maka ọmụmụ ihe graduate na undergraduate, Gay depụtara isi ihe anọ bụ́ isi ọ na-elekwasị anya na ha: ịbawanye ụdị dị iche iche n'etiti ndị nkuzi, ịkwado ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere mmasị n’ọmụmụ na-ejikọta ngalaba dị iche iche, ịgba ndị prọfesọ ume ka ha na-arụkọ ọrụ n'etiti ngalaba dị iche iche, na ịkwalite nsonye ndị nkuzi na ndụ obodo mahadum.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=September 2021 |title=The Art of the Dean |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |website=Harvard Magazine |access-date=July 5, 2023 |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070943/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |url-status=live }}</ref> N’oge ọ nọ n’ọkwa dị ka Dean, ihe ndị Gay lekwasịrị anya na ha gụnyere atụmatụ mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na ịbawanye ụdị agbụrụ dị iche iche n’ogige mahadum, n’etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị nkuzi.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Radsken |first=Jill |date=August 20, 2020 |title=Faculty of Arts and Sciences unveils anti-racism agenda |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/08/faculty-of-arts-and-sciences-unveils-its-anti-racism-agenda/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226194958/https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/08/faculty-of-arts-and-sciences-unveils-its-anti-racism-agenda/ |archive-date=December 26, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[Harvard Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="Harvard Crimson">{{Cite news |last1=Hamid |first1=Rahem D. |last2=Schisgall |first2=Elias J. |date=May 25, 2023 |title=Dean Today, President Tomorrow: Gay Reflects on 5 Years Leading Harvard FAS |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/5/25/gay-reflects-five-years-feature/ |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111082635/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/5/25/gay-reflects-five-years-feature/ |archive-date=January 11, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọgọọst 2020, FAS were n’ọrụ onye osote onye isi ngalaba mbụ ya maka ọdịiche, nsonye, na inwe mmetụta nke ịbụ onye otu.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bikales |first=James S. |date=August 25, 2020 |title=FAS Hires Sheree Ohen as Inaugural Associate Dean of Diversity, Inclusion, and Belonging |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/8/25/fas-dean-diversity-equity-inclusion/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104095404/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/8/25/fas-dean-diversity-equity-inclusion/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Mgbe mkpebi Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke United States nke June 2023 gasịrị na ''Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard'', nke kpebiri na mmemme atụmatụ nkwado dabere n’agbụrụ n’ịnabata ụmụ akwụkwọ na kọleji megidere iwu obodo, Gay kwuru na Harvard ga-eso mkpebi ụlọikpe ahụ, “mana nke ahụ anaghị agbanwe ụkpụrụ anyị.”<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chan |first=Tiffany |date=June 29, 2023 |title='We're not important anymore': Supreme Court ruling sends shockwaves through college campuses |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/boston/news/supreme-court-affirmative-action-ruling-harvard-university/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111075734/https://www.cbsnews.com/boston/news/supreme-court-affirmative-action-ruling-harvard-university/ |archive-date=January 11, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=CBS News}}</ref> N’oge ọ nọ n’ọkwa onye isi ngalaba, Gay nyere ọtụtụ prọfesọ Harvard ntaramahụhụ n’ihi ebubo nke omume mmekọahụ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị. O wepụrụ ọkwa emeritus n’aka ndị prọfesọ lara ezumike nka bụ [[Jorge I. Domínguez]] na [[Gary Urton]], ma tinye ndị prọfesọ [[John Comaroff]] na [[Roland G. Fryer Jr.]] n’ezumike ọrụ, mgbe onye ọ bụla n’ime ha chere ebubo iyi egwu mmekọahụ ihu.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=May 9, 2019 |title=Harvard Prof. Dominguez Stripped of Emeritus Status Following Conclusion of Title IX Investigation |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/9/dominguez-investigation-closes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103133926/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/9/dominguez-investigation-closes/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Wang |first=Andy Z. |date=June 11, 2021 |title=Anthropology Prof. Urton Stripped of Emeritus Status, Barred From Campus Following Sexual Misconduct Investigation |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/6/11/urton-sanctions/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230824132430/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/6/11/urton-sanctions/ |archive-date=August 24, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Kim |first1=Ariel H. |last2=Xu |first2=Meimei |date=January 21, 2022 |title=Harvard Anthropology Prof. John Comaroff Placed on Leave Following Sexual Harassment, Professional Misconduct Inquiries |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/1/21/comaroff-unpaid-leave/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103133844/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/1/21/comaroff-unpaid-leave/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Avi-Yonah |first=Shera S. |date=July 10, 2019 |title=Harvard Places Fryer on Administrative Leave, Levies Sanctions |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/7/10/fryer-administrative-leave/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109185657/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/7/10/fryer-administrative-leave/ |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Gay nyekwara prọfesọ [[Martin Nowak]] ntaramahụhụ maka "omume na-adịghị mma" n'ihe gbasara mmekọrịta ya na onye omekome mmekọahụ [[Jeffrey Epstein]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=March 26, 2021 |title=Gay Levies Sanctions Against Prof. Nowak for Contacts With Jeffrey Epstein |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/3/26/gay-sanctions-nowak-epstein/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101102313/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/3/26/gay-sanctions-nowak-epstein/ |archive-date=November 1, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Prọfesọ [[Harvard Law School]] na onyeisi ngalaba Winthrop House [[Ronald S. Sullivan Jr.|Ronald Sullivan]] chere ngagharị iwe ụmụ akwụkwọ ihu n’oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ 2019 mgbe o sonyechara n’òtù ndị ọka iwu na-agbachitere [[Harvey Weinstein]], bụ́ onye nọ n’ikpe maka ebubo idina mmadụ n’ike.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Streeter |first1=Kurt |date=January 4, 2024 |title=For Harvard's First Black President, Race Became the Unavoidable Issue |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/04/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-race.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104103252/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/04/us/claudine-gay-harvard-president-race.html/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Gay kpọrọ nzaghachi Sullivan nyere maka esemokwu ahụ “ezughị ezu,” na-ekwu na ya nwere “ọrụ pụrụ iche” dị ka onye isi ụlọ obibi n’ilekọta ọdịmma ndị bi na Winthrop.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=February 12, 2019 |title=FAS Dean Claudine Gay Calls Sullivan's Response to Student Concerns 'Insufficient' |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/2/12/dean-gay-sullivan-response/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104040555/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/2/12/dean-gay-sullivan-response/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Onye isi [[Harvard College]], [[Rakesh Khurana]], kpebiri ịghara imegharị nkwekọrịta Sullivan dị ka onye isi ụlọ obibi Winthrop,<ref name="Rosenberg2">{{cite news |last1=Rosenberg |first1=John S. |last2=Bolotnikova |first2=Marina N. |date=July–August 2019 |title=From #MeToo fallout to undergraduate education and public service &#124; Harvard Magazine |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2019/06/news-briefs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929001839/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2019/06/news-briefs |archive-date=September 29, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[Harvard Magazine]]}}</ref><ref name="05-11-20192">{{cite news |last1=Avi-Yonah |first1=Shera S. |last2=Ryan |first2=Aidan F. |date=May 11, 2019a |title=Winthrop Faculty Deans to Leave After Harvard Refuses to Renew Their Appointments |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/11/winthrop-faculty-deans-to-leave/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103191028/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/5/11/winthrop-faculty-deans-to-leave/ |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-13 |title=Harvard Won't Renew Faculty Deans' Terms Amid Outcry Over Harvey Weinstein Defense |url=https://www.wbur.org/news/2019/05/11/harvard-will-not-renew-faculty-deans-terms-amid-outcry-over-harvey-weinstein-defense |access-date=2024-01-16 |website=www.wbur.org |language=en}}</ref> mkpebi nke American Civil Liberties Union katọrọ.<ref name="11-19-2019">{{cite news |last1=Avi-Yonah |first1=Shera S. |last2=Franklin |first2=Delano R. |date=November 19, 2019b |title=Former Winthrop Dean Sullivan Criticizes Admins During Constitutional Law Society Event |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/11/19/sullivan-speaks-hucls-event/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104231558/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/11/19/sullivan-speaks-hucls-event/ |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Soave |first1=Robby |author-link1=Robby Soave |date=June 10, 2019 |title=ACLU Says Harvard 'Sacrificed Principles Central to Our Legal System' When It Fired Ron Sullivan |url=https://reason.com/2019/06/10/aclu-harvard-ron-sullivan/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202090339/https://reason.com/2019/06/10/aclu-harvard-ron-sullivan/ |archive-date=February 2, 2023 |access-date=January 6, 2024 |website=[[Reason (magazine)|Reason]]}}</ref> N'afọ 2019, Gay kwuru na Harvard ga-achọ ị wee ọtụtụ prọfesọ ọmụmụ agbụrụ n'ọrụ,<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Jonah S. |last2=McCafferty |first2=Molly C. |date=October 4, 2019 |title=FAS Prioritizing Ethnic Studies Faculty Searches Despite Stagnant Overall Hiring, Dean Gay Says |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/10/4/fas-faculty-search/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230706232830/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/10/4/fas-faculty-search/ |archive-date=July 6, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> were mmadụ atọ n'ọrụ n'afọ 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Xu |first=Meimei |date=July 9, 2022 |title=Jesse Hoffnung-Garskof '93 Joins Harvard as Third Professor in Ethnic Studies Cluster Hire |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/7/9/Jesse-Hoffnung-Garskof-hire/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106192145/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2022/7/9/Jesse-Hoffnung-Garskof-hire/ |archive-date=January 6, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Mgbe ngagharị iwe gasịrị nke katọrọ ịjụ inye [[Lorgia García Peña]], onye ọkà mmụta gbasara agbụrụ na omenala, ọkwa onye prọfesọ na-adịgide adịgide na Harvard, Gay kwuru na Jenụwarị 2020 na ya ga-ebido nyocha usoro FAS si enye ndị prọfesọ ọkwa ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Bikales |first1=James S. |last2=Chen |first2=Kevin R. |date=January 3, 2020 |title=FAS Dean Gay to Review Tenure Promotion Process |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/1/3/fas-tenure-review-letter/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704200520/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2020/1/3/fas-tenure-review-letter/ |archive-date=July 4, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Nyocha ahụ, e wepụtara n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2021, kwuru na usoro Harvard si enye ndị ọkà mmụta ọkwa ọrụ na-adịgide adịgide bụ nke “a haziri nke ọma n’usoro ya” n’ọtụtụ akụkụ, mana ọ chọpụtakwara na ndị prọfesọ enweghị ntụkwasị obi zuru oke n’usoro ahụ, nakwa na mmụọ ọrụ ha banyere usoro ahụ adịghị elu.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=October 12, 2021 |title=FAS Review Largely Upholds Tenure System Despite Acknowledging 'Mistrust and Low Morale' |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/10/12/tenure-review-report-2021/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704193848/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/10/12/tenure-review-report-2021/ |archive-date=July 4, 2023 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |work=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> Dị ka onyeisi ngalaba (Dean), Gay bụ onye lekọtara mmalite nke Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences ọhụrụ n'afọ 2021 na ogige Harvard dị na Allston, nke ọnụ ahịa owuwu ya ruru otu ijeri dọla. Ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ gụnyekwara mmemme PhD na injinia kwantum.<ref name="Harvard Crimson" /> Harvard nwere nsogbu agụmakwụkwọ na ego n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19. Maka afọ ego 2020, Ngalaba nke Nka na Sayensị kọrọ na mfu ruru nde dọla $15.8.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=January 2021 |title=The Financial Fallout…So Far |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/01/jhj-financial-fallout |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070955/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/01/jhj-financial-fallout |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |access-date=July 5, 2023 |website=Harvard Magazine}}</ref> Na mmalite afọ 2021, Gay kwupụtara na ọnụ ahịa nke nkwa agụmakwụkwọ FAS dị oke elu karịa ego ọ na-enweta ma malite usoro iji belata mmefu.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |last=Rosenberg |first=John |date=September 2021 |title=The Art of the Dean |url=https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705070943/https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2021/09/jhj-art-of-the-dean |archive-date=July 5, 2023 |access-date=July 5, 2023 |website=Harvard Magazine}}</ref> Ná ngwụcha afọ ahụ, FAS kwuru na o nwere ego fọdụrụ nke ruru nde dọla 51($51 million), nke bụ mmụba ma e jiri ya tụnyere mfu nde dọla 112 ($112 million ) e buru ụzọ tụọ anya.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Nair |first1=Meera S. |last2=Wang |first2=Andy Z. |date=November 3, 2021 |title=Defying Projections, FAS Ends Fiscal Year with $51M Surplus |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/11/3/fas-annual-report-2021/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216025902/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2021/11/3/fas-annual-report-2021/ |archive-date=December 16, 2023 |access-date=December 7, 2023 |work=The Harvard Crimson}}</ref> Na mgbakwunye na ọkwa ya na Harvard, Gay jere ozi dịka osote onyeisi oche nke [[Midwest Political Science Association]] site n'afọ 2014 ruo 2017,<ref>{{cite web |title=Past Vice Presidents |website=MPSAnet.org |url=https://www.mpsanet.org/about/governance/past-mpsa-officers/ |access-date=January 20, 2023 |archive-date=January 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120155451/https://www.mpsanet.org/about/governance/past-mpsa-officers/ |url-status=live }}</ref> nakwa dịka onye nlekọta Phillips Exeter site n'afọ 2017 ruo 2023.<ref name=":4" /> === Ọchịchị Mahadum Harvard === N'ọnwa Juun 2022, onye isi oche [[Harvard University]] [[Lawrence Bacow]] kwupụtara na ọ ga-agba arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa ahụ n'ime otu afọ. Kọmitii nchọta nke [[Penny Pritzker] duru tụlere ndị a họpụtara 600 ma họrọ Gay ka ọ nọchie Bacow. N'ọnwa Disemba 15, 2022, Harvard kwupụtara na a họpụtara Gay ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi oche nke Mahadum Harvard nke iri atọ.<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 15, 2022|title=Claudine Gay: Harvard University picks first Black president|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-63990177|work=BBC News|first=Madeline|last=Halpert|access-date=December 7, 2023|archive-date=November 11, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231111125431/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-63990177|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=December 16, 2022 |title=Harvard names Claudine Gay as first ever Black president |work=[[United Press International]]|first=A. L.|last=Lee |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2022/12/16/harvard-first-black-woman-president/8271671192815 |access-date=December 19, 2022 |archive-date=December 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223023703/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2022/12/16/harvard-first-black-woman-president/8271671192815/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Ọ malitere ọrụ n'ọnwa Julaị 1, 2023, wee bụrụ onye isi ojii mbụ bụ onyeisi oche nke mahadum ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=With End of Affirmative Action, Claudine Gay Faces Unprecedented Challenges to Start Harvard Presidency|url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/7/4/claudine-gay-harvard-affirmative-action-analysis/|work=The Harvard Crimson|first1=Miles J.|last1=Herszenhorn|first2=Claire|last2=Yuan|date=July 4, 2023|access-date=December 12, 2023|archive-date=December 16, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216105326/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/7/4/claudine-gay-harvard-affirmative-action-analysis/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 21, 2021 |title=Homepage |url=https://www.harvard.edu/president/ |access-date=December 10, 2023 |website=Harvard University President |language=en-US |archive-date=December 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210044210/https://www.harvard.edu/president/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ==== Nnyocha izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi ==== N'oge na-adịghị anya ka e mechara ịnụ okwu n'ụlọ omebe iwu n'ọnwa Disemba, onye na-akwado echiche mgbanwe aka nri bụ [[Christopher Rufo]] na onye nta akụkọ bụ [[Aaron Sibarium]] boro Gay ebubo izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi.<ref name="diver-tg"/><ref name=":6">{{cite news |last1=Burns |first1=Hilary |last2=Damiano |first2=Mike |date=December 11, 2023 |title=Key Harvard oversight board offers silence as controversy engulfs Harvard president Claudine Gay |website=[[The Boston Globe]] |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/12/11/metro/harvard-president-testimony/ |access-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212041702/https://www.bostonglobe.com/2023/12/11/metro/harvard-president-testimony/ |archive-date=December 12, 2023}}</ref> and by an anonymous complaint.<ref name="Schuessler" /> Dị ka ''The New York Times'' si chịkọta, ebubo ndị ahụ metụtara “iji ihe sitere n’ebe ndị ọzọ nweta n’enyeghị otuto ma ọ bụ ntụaka kwesịrị ekwesị nye ndị nwe ya... [nke gụnyere] site n’obere akụkụ nke nkọwa isiokwu ruo na paragraf ndị chịkọtara nchọpụta ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ọzọ, ebe a gbanwere naanị ntakịrị n’ụzọ e si dee ha, na n’ụfọdụ ọnọdụ, e nweghịdị ntụaka kpọmkwem nye ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ahụ.”<ref name="Schuessler"/> Ebubo ndị a ruru ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ikpe iri ise gụnyere akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ asatọ nke Gay dere, gụnyere edemede ya na ise n'ime edemede iri na otu o bipụtara.<ref name="Nguyen">{{cite news |last1=Nguyen |first1=Sophia |title=The plagiarism allegations against ex-Harvard president Claudine Gay, explained |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105133742/https://www.washingtonpost.com/books/2024/01/04/claudine-gay-plagiarism-examples-harvard/ |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/books/2024/01/04/claudine-gay-plagiarism-examples-harvard/ |archive-date=January 5, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=January 4, 2024}}</ref> [[Carol M. Swain]] boro Gay ebubo na o nyeghị ọrụ Swain otuto ma ọ bụ ntụaka sitere n'akwụkwọ ya nke afọ 1993, "Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African Americans in Congress", nakwa edemede Swain dere bụ "Women and Blacks in Congress: 1870–1996" nke e bipụtara n'afọ 1997.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Carol |first=Swain |date=17 Dec 2023 |title=Claudine Gay and My Scholarship |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/claudine-gay-and-my-scholarship-plagiarism-elite-system-unearned-position-24e4a1b1 |journal=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> N'ọnwa Ọktoba 2023, ''[[New York Post]]'' kpọtụụrụ Harvard ka o kwuo ihe ọ na-eche banyere akụkọ ha na-akwado ibipụta gbasara ihe atụ 27 a na-enyo enyo na ha bụ “izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi”. Harvard kpọrọ ebubo ''Post'' ahụ “ụgha a pụrụ igosi n'ụzọ doro anya”, ma yie akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ egwu ịgba ya akwụkwọ maka nkwutọ.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last1=Kettles |first1=Cam E. |last2=Robinson |first2=Tilly R. |date=December 25, 2023 |title=A Law Firm Said Plagiarism Allegations Against Harvard President Gay Were 'Demonstrably False.' Then She Submitted Corrections. |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/25/harvard-threaten-sue-post/ |access-date=December 26, 2023 |website=The Harvard Crimson |archive-date=December 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231226002617/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/25/harvard-threaten-sue-post/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Na nzaghachi, Gay kwuru na ya kwụsiri ike n'ọrụ ya ma rịọ ka ndị ezi nyochaa ya.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":10" /> Ụlọ ọrụ Harvard (Harvard Corporation) kọrọ na nyocha ahụ chọpụtara “ọnọdụ ole na ole ebe enyeghị ntụaka zuru oke” na “iji okwu ndị yiri ibe ha ugboro ugboro n’enweghị inye otuto kwesịrị ekwesị” n’ọrụ ya, mana “enweghị mmebi nke ụkpụrụ Harvard gbasara omume ọjọọ n’ime nchọpụta.”<ref name="Schuessler"/><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |date=December 12, 2023 |title=Statement from the Harvard Corporation: Our President |url=https://www.harvard.edu/blog/2023/12/12/statement-from-the-harvard-corporation-our-president/ |access-date=December 21, 2023 |website=Harvard University |language=en-US |archive-date=December 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220222512/https://www.harvard.edu/blog/2023/12/12/statement-from-the-harvard-corporation-our-president/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":13">{{Cite web |last1=Robinson |first1=Tilly R. |last2=Shah |first2=Neil H. |date=December 21, 2023 |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay to Submit 3 Additional Corrections, Corporation Says Improper Citations Fall Short of Research Misconduct |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/21/gay-plagiarism-dissertation-corrections/ |access-date=2024-01-03 |website=www.thecrimson.com |archive-date=December 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231225025004/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/21/gay-plagiarism-dissertation-corrections/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Nyocha nke ''[[The Harvard Crimson]]'' na [[CNN]] jụrụ nkwupụta Harvard ahụ, na-achọpụta na o yikarịrị ka Gay emebiri iwu mahadum ahụ gbasara izu ohi echiche na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi na iguzosi ike n’ezi ihe n’ihe ọmụmụ.<ref>Quotes from ''The Harvard Crimson'' and CNN: * {{harvnb|Hamid|Orakwue|Schisgall|2023|loc=: "The Crimson independently reviewed the published allegations. Though some are minor — consisting of passages that are similar or identical to Gay’s sources, lacking quotation marks but including citations — others are more substantial, including some paragraphs and sentences nearly identical to other work and lacking citations. Some appear to violate Harvard's current policies around plagiarism and academic integrity."}} * {{harvnb|Steck|2023|loc=: "Harvard President Claudine Gay recently requested corrections for two of her academic papers, but she did not address even clearer examples of plagiarism from earlier in her academic history at the school, according to a CNN analysis of her writings... Both offenses appear to go against Harvard’s guide on plagiarism, which clearly states, 'it is considered plagiarism to draw any idea or any language from someone else without adequately crediting that source in your paper.{{'"}}}} </ref><ref name="Hamid">{{cite news |last1=Hamid |first1=Rahem D. |last2=Orakwue |first2=Nia L. |last3=Schisgall |first3=Elias J. |title=Despite Support From Corporation, Harvard President Gay Under Fire Over Plagiarism Allegations |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109233800/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/12/allegations-plagiarism-gay-dissertation/ |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2023/12/12/allegations-plagiarism-gay-dissertation/ |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[The Harvard Crimson]] |date=December 12, 2023}}</ref><ref name="Steck">{{cite news |last1=Steck |first1=Em |title=Harvard president's corrections do not address her clearest instances of plagiarism, including as a student in the 1990s |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107151033/https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/20/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-plagiarism/index.html |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/20/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-plagiarism/index.html |archive-date=January 7, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=[[CNN]] |date=December 20, 2023}}</ref> Gay rịọrọ ka e mee mmezi asaa iji tinye ntụaka na akara okwu n’akwụkwọ nyocha ya na abụọ n’ime edemede ya.<ref name=":8" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Souza |first1=Sabrina |last2=Egan |first2=Matt |date=December 15, 2023 |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay corrects two scholarly articles following allegations of plagiarism |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/12/15/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-corrects-scholarly-articles-plagiarism-allegations/index.html |access-date=December 16, 2023 |work=[[CNN]] |archive-date=December 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216093134/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/12/15/business/harvard-president-claudine-gay-corrects-scholarly-articles-plagiarism-allegations/index.html?utm_source=business_ribbon |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Nguyen" /> Ọkà mmụta agụmakwụkwọ bụ [[Joseph M. Reagle Jr.|Joseph Reagle]] kwuru na akụkọ ndị mgbasa ozi kwuru na Gay “zuru echiche” pụtara na ọ zuru echiche ndị bụ isi dị n’ọrụ ya, ma kwuo sị, “Echeghị m na nke a bụ ihe mere.” Otú ọ dị, o kwuru na ọrụ ahụ “nwere akụkụ ederede e depụtaghachiri n’enyeghị otuto kwesịrị ekwesị. Nke a bụ mmebi iwu dị nta, mana ọ ka dị mkpa.”<ref name="Slate 19 January 2024">{{cite news |last1=Harrison |first1=Stephen |title=Yes, Copying From Wikipedia Is Plagiarism |url=https://slate.com/technology/2024/01/is-copying-from-wikipedia-plagiarism.html |access-date=20 January 2024 |work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |date=19 January 2024}}</ref> Ọkà mmụta agụmakwụkwọ William Arighi, n’akwụkwọ o dere maka ''[[American Association of University Professors|Journal of Academic Freedom]]'', mechara kọwaa ihe ndị ahụ mere dị ka “mgbalị na-abụghị nke ịkwalite eziokwu, kama ọ bụ nke ịkwado ebumnuche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.”<ref name=":14">{{Cite journal |last=Arighi |first=William |title=Claudine Gay, Plagiarism, and AI |url=https://www.aaup.org/JAF15/claudine-gay-plagiarism-and-ai |journal=[[Journal of Academic Freedom]] |volume=15}}</ref> N'ịzaghachi ebubo ndị a, Kọmitii Ụlọ Ndị Omeiwu nke United States maka Mmụta na Ndị Ọrụ (United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce|congressional committee) nke mere nzukọ ahụ gbasara mmegide ndị Juu kwuru na ha ga-enyocha ọrụ Gay, ma rịọ mahadum ka ha mepụta nkwukọrịta na akwụkwọ ndị metụtara ya.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Egan |first=Matt |date=2023-12-29 |title=Harvard granted extension to respond to House on plagiarism scandal |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/29/business/harvard-plagiarism-claudine-gay-education-committee/index.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=[[CNN]] |language=en |archive-date=December 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231230141532/https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/29/business/harvard-plagiarism-claudine-gay-education-committee/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Matza |first=Max |date=December 21, 2023 |title=Claudine Gay: New problems found in Harvard president's work |language=en-GB |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-67782799 |access-date=December 24, 2023 |archive-date=December 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224040344/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-67782799 |url-status=live }}</ref> ==== Ịgba arụkwaghịm ==== N'ọnwa Jenụwarị 2, 2024, Gay kwupụtara na ọ na-agba arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa ya.<ref name=resignation>{{Cite web |title=Harvard President Claudine Gay Resigns, Shortest Tenure in University History {{!}} News {{!}} The Harvard Crimson |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2024/1/3/claudine-gay-resign-harvard/ |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=www.thecrimson.com |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102223704/https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2024/1/3/claudine-gay-resign-harvard/ |url-status=live }}</ref> N’ozi-e (email) o zigara ndị mmekọ ya, Gay dere sị, “Ọ bụ ihe na-ewute m ịhụ na a na-etinye obi abụọ n’ịkwenye m ịlụso ịkpọasị ọgụ na ịkwado ịdị uchu n’ihe ọmụmụ—ụkpụrụ abụọ bụ́ ntọala dị mkpa nke onye m bụ—nakwa na ọ na-atụ m ụjọ<ref name="Walker">{{Cite news |last=Walker |first=Adria R. |date=2024-01-03 |title='Racist, vicious': academics decry rightwing attacks on Claudine Gay |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/racist-rightwing-attacks-claudine-gay-former-harvard-president |access-date=2024-03-07 |work=[[The Guardian]] |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> ịbụ onye a na-awakpo n’onwe ya ma na-enweta iyi egwu ndị ịkpọasị agbụrụ kpaliri.”<ref name="guard2-2jan2024">{{cite news |date=January 2, 2024 |title=Harvard president Claudine Gay's resignation letter in full |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resignation-letter |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102221032/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/02/harvard-president-claudine-gay-resignation-letter |archive-date=January 2, 2024 |access-date=January 2, 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> N’akwụkwọ echiche o dere n’echi ya, Gay kwuru na ya “mere njehie”, mana na ọkpụkpọ òkù a kpọrọ ya ka ọ gbaa akaebe n’ihu Congress gbasara ịkpọasị megide ndị Juu bụ “ọnyà a haziri nke ọma”, nakwa na mkpọsa e mere iji chụpụ ya bụ “ọgụ nta so n’agha sara mbara iji mebie ntụkwasị obi ọha na e nwere n’ogidi ndị bụ isi nke ọha America”.<ref name="guard-4jan2024">{{cite news |last1=Beckett |first1=Lois |title=Ousted Harvard president Claudine Gay warns of 'a broader war' in op-ed |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/claudine-gay-harvard-president-resignation-new-york-times-op-ed |access-date=January 4, 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=January 4, 2024 |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104033121/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/jan/03/claudine-gay-harvard-president-resignation-new-york-times-op-ed |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="nyt-3jan2024">{{cite news |last1=Gay |first1=Claudine |title=Claudine Gay: What Just Happened at Harvard Is Bigger Than Me |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/03/opinion/claudine-gay-harvard-president.html |access-date=January 4, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 3, 2024 |archive-date=January 4, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240104000534/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/03/opinion/claudine-gay-harvard-president.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Walker"/> Mgbe Gay gbara arụkwaghịm, a họpụtara [[Alan Garber]], onye bụ provost nke Mahadum Harvard, ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi oche nwa oge. Gay ka bụkwa onye nkuzi na Mahadum Harvard.<ref name=":7">{{cite web |date=2 January 2024 |title=Harvard President Resigns After Mounting Plagiarism Accusations|first=Jennifer|last=Schuessler|author2=Anemona Hartocollis|author3=Michael Levenson |author4=Alan Blinder |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/02/us/harvard-claudine-gay-resigns.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103122237/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/02/us/harvard-claudine-gay-resigns.html |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |access-date=January 3, 2024 |work=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Czachor |first=Emily Mae |date=2024-01-02 |title=Harvard president Claudine Gay resigns amid controversy – CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/claudine-gay-resigns-harvard-university-president-letter/ |access-date=2024-01-05 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US |archive-date=January 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103230850/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/claudine-gay-resigns-harvard-university-president-letter/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Ndụ nkeonwe== Gay lụrụ Christopher Afendulis, onye nyocha usoro ozi na Ngalaba Nnyocha na Amụma Ahụike nke Mahadum Stanford. Ha nwere nwa nwoke.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Vaishnavi |last=Vaidyanathan |date=October 12, 2023 |title=Who Is Christopher Afendulis, Harvard President Claudine Gay's Husband? |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/world/who-is-christopher-afendulis-harvard-president-claudine-gay-husband-article-104385151 |access-date=December 12, 2023 |website=TimesNow |language=en |archive-date=December 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212134757/https://www.timesnownews.com/world/who-is-christopher-afendulis-harvard-president-claudine-gay-husband-article-104385151 |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Mbipụta ahọpụtara== {{Scholia|author}} * 1998: "Doubly Bound: The Impact of Gender and Race on the Politics of Black Women", ''[[Political Psychology]]'', co-authored with [[Katherine Tate]] * 2001: "The Effect of Black Congressional Representation on Political Participation", ''[[American Political Science Review]]'' * 2001: ''The Effect of Minority Districts and Minority Representation on Political Participation in California'', [[Public Policy Institute of California]] * 2002: "Spirals of Trust? The Effect of Descriptive Representation on the Relationship Between Citizens and Their Government", ''[[American Journal of Political Science]]'' * 2004: "Putting Race in Context: Identifying the Environmental Determinants of Black Racial Attitudes", ''American Political Science Review'' * 2006: "Seeing Difference: The Effect of Economic Disparity on Black Attitudes Toward Latinos", ''American Journal of Political Science'' * 2007: "Legislating Without Constraints: The Effect of Minority Districting on Legislators' Responsiveness to Constituency Preferences", ''[[The Journal of Politics]]'' * 2012: "Moving to Opportunity: The Political Effects of a Housing Mobility Experiment", ''[[Urban Affairs Review]]'' * 2013: ''Outsiders No More? Models of Immigrant Political Incorporation'', [[Oxford University Press]], co-editor with Jacqueline Chattopadhyay, [[Jennifer Hochschild]], and [[Michael Jones-Correa]] * 2014: "Knowledge Matters: Policy Cross-pressures and Black Partisanship", ''[[Political Behavior (journal)|Political Behavior]]'' ==Ebensidee== {{Reflist}} ==Njikọ mpuga== {{commons category}} {{wikiquote}} *[https://www.harvard.edu/president/history/#2000s Biography] on the [[Harvard University]] website {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gay, Claudine}} [[Category:1970 births]] [[Category:Living people]] 0g888hi6brocj9zelmngpsi33k53i8w 0 80809 729816 729581 2026-10-01T13:02:02Z Rack st 66697 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1347892139|Ada the Country]]" 729816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical|name=Ada the Country|book=[[Titilope Sonuga]]|premiere_location=MUSON Centre, Onikan, [[Lagos]]|premiere_date=2 January 2020|productions=2020 [[Lagos]] 2022 [[Lagos]] 2022 [[Abuja]]}} '''Ada the Country''' bụ ihe nkiri Naịjirịa nke afọ 2020, nke Titilope Sonuga dere ma Marian Ogaziechi mepụta n’okpuru ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri Doyenne Circle Productions. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri Nollywood bụ Patience Ozokwor, Joke Silva na Bikiya Graham Douglas. == Ọganihu == Ọ bụ ezie na a na-arụ ọrụ ruo ihe dị ka afọ iri, e dere ihe ngosi ahụ na 2019. Ada, nwa agbọghọ, na-etinye aka n'ihe mberede ọkụ nke bibiri ihe onwunwe ya ma gbuo nwa ya nwanyị dị ọnwa 9, Chiamaka. N'oge ahụ, di ya Femi anọghị n'ụlọ, na-alaghachi naanị mgbe ọkụ ahụ bibiri ụlọ ha.<ref name=":9" /> Mgbe ihe ahụ mere, Ada dara mbà n'obi. Ọ hapụrụ di ya ka ọ laghachi n'ụlọ ndị mụrụ ya, ebe ndị ezinụlọ ya boro ya ebubo na ọ bụ onye na-enweghị mmetụta na onye na-adịghị mma maka ịhapụ Femi.<ref name=":9" /> Ọ na-agwa ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ nọ n'ezinụlọ ya okwu, gụnyere nwanne ya nwanyị gbara alụkwaghịm, nne naanị ya, na nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ na-alụ ọgụ megide ịkpa ókè nwoke na nwanyị n'ọrụ. Site n'ịkekọrịta ahụmịhe ha nke ibi ndụ dị ka ụmụ nwanyị na Naịjirịa, Ada nwere ike ịchọta ọgwụgwọ ma mee ka ya na di ya dịghachi n'otu. == Ihe ndị e mepụtara == Ihe ngosi ahụ malitere na Jenụwarị 2020. E mere ihe ngosi ahụ na MUSON Centre, Onikan, Lagos site na Eprel 15 ruo 18, 2022. Onye duziri ihe ngosi ahụ bụ [[Kemi Lala Akindoju|Kemi Lala-Akindoju]] . N’ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2022, Doyenne Circle wetara ihe nkiri ahụ na Abuja, ebe e mere ihe ngosi ya na Musa Yar’Adua Centre n’abalị iri abụọ na otu na iri abụọ na abụọ nke Ọktoba. [1] [2] Kenneth Uphopho bụ onye duziri ihe ngosi ahụ..<ref name=":6" /> == Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" |+ ! !2020 Doyenne Circle !2022 Doyenne Circle |- |Ada | colspan="2" |[[Kate Henshaw]] |- |Nne Ada | colspan="2" |[[Patience Ozokwor|Ndidi Ozokwor]] |- |Nne Femi | colspan="2" |[[Joke Silva]] |- | | |[[Bikiya Graham-Douglas|Bikiya Graham Douglas]] |- |Nkem | colspan="2" |[[Chioma Omeruah|Chioma 'Chigul' Omeruah]] |- |Ifeoma | colspan="2" |Oluchi Odii |- |Kemi |[[Kemi Lala Akindoju|Lala Akindoju]] |Tosin Adeyemi |- | | |Imoh Eboh |- |Ụmụ nwanyị |Ayoola | |- |Alero |[[Bimbo Akintola]] | |- |Funmi |[[Ade Laoye]] | |- |Lola |Oludara Egerton-Shygnle | |} == Ihe odide == <references /> [[Otú:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Otú:Articles with short description]] 3w1dh64jdprqd3lb1650isiff3xbhb2 0 80822 729785 2026-10-01T12:00:05Z Ndubuaku Christopher 66682 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1364062027|Sunday Emmanuel (athlete)]]" 729785 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Sunday Emmanuel (8 Ọktoba 1978 – 15 Jenụwarị 2004 na Kaduna)[1] bụ onye egwuregwu Naịjirịa bụ́ ọkachamara n’egwuregwu ịgba ọsọ dị mkpirikpi.l''' {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Tunmise123-Sunday Emmanuel.wav|Listen|help=no}}.<ref>{{World Athletics}}</ref> Ọ nọchitere mba ya na asọmpi mita 100 n’egwuregwu Olympic nke oge ọkọchị nke afọ 2000, ebe o ruru agba nke ọkara ikpeazụ. Ọ bụ onye bịara n’ọkwa nke abụọ n’asọmpi mita 100 na mita 200 n’Asọmpi Egwuregwu Ndị Na-eto Eto nke Afrịka nke afọ 1995, ma mesịa merie asọmpi abụọ ahụ na mbipụta nke afọ 1997. Nrite nke mbụ o nwetara n’otu n’otu bụ nrite ọla kọpa n’asọmpi mita 100 na Asọmpi Egwuregwu Afrịka nke afọ 1996, na nrite ọlaọcha n’asọmpi mita 200 na Asọmpi Egwuregwu Afrịka nke afọ 1998. Oge kacha mma o nwetụrụla n’egwuregwu ya bụ sekọnd 10.06 n’ịgba ọsọ mita 100, sekọnd 20.45 n’ịgba ọsọ mita 200, na sekọnd 6.52 n’ịgba ọsọ mita 60. Ọ nwụrụ mgbe o nwetasịrị ihe mberede ụgbọala na Kaduna, Naịjirịa.<ref>{{cite web |title=allAfrica.com: Nigeria: AFN Confirms Sprinter Sunday Emmanuel's Death |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200401200479.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040313004600/http://allafrica.com/stories/200401200479.html |archive-date=2004-03-13}}</ref> fskn89ahrgd5xvrzzv1uul81qjzug73 3 80823 729786 2026-10-01T12:00:52Z DolphybBot 61063 Nabata onye ohuru na Igbo Wikipedia! (bot) 729786 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nnọọ|username=Túrelio|bot=[[Ojiarụ:DolphybBot|DolphybBot]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:DolphybBot|ṅkátá]]) 12:00, 1 Ọktoba 2026 (UTC)}} gx7x07fvjfzrejkpia1l3r0aj8r7sxa 0 80824 729787 2026-10-01T12:06:09Z OKEKE VICTOR 66685 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1377376355|Kase Lukman Lawal]]" 729787 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Message box/ambox.css"></templatestyles>  <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles> '''Kase Lawal''' '''A mụrụ ya:''' Kase Lukman Lawal '''Ụbọchị ọmụmụ:''' June 30, 1954 (afọ 72) '''Ebe a mụrụ ya:''' Ibadan, Naịjirịa '''Ọrụ:''' Onye isi ụlọ ọrụ azụmahịa '''Afọ ọ malitere ọrụ:''' 1976 – ruo ugbu a '''Ihe a kacha mara ya:''' Onye isi nchịkwa (CEO) nke Erin Energy Corporation '''Kase Lukman Lawal''' (amrụ June 30, 1954) bụ onye ọchụnta ego a mụrụ na Naijiria nke bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United States]]. A mụrụ Lawal na June 30, 1954, na [[Ibadan]]. O nwetara nzere bachelọ nke sayensị na kemịkalụ na [[Texas]]_Southern_University" id="mwFA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Texas Southern University">Mahadum Texas Southern na 1976, na MBA ya na Mahadim Prairie View A&M, ha abụọ dị na Texas na 1978. Ọ bụ onye isi oche na onye isi nchịkwa nke CAMAC International Corporation, onye isi oche ma onye isi nchịk nke Erin Energy Corporation, na onye isi oche nke Allied Energy Corporation na Houston, Texas, Onye isi oche / Onye isi nchịkwa, CAMAC HOLDINGS; osote onyeisi oche, Port of Houston Authority Commission. Ọ na-ejekwa ozi dị ka onye otu ndị nduzi ma bụrụ onye nwere òkè dị mkpa na Unity National Bank, naanị ụlọ akụ gọọmentị etiti nwere mkpuchi na ikikere nke ndị Africa America na Texas. Lawal bụ onye otu National Republican Congressional Committee's Business Advisory Council[link wepụrụ] na, na 1994, ọ bụ onye ikpeazụ maka United States Business Entrepreneur of the Year. Lawal bụ onye otu Phi Beta Sigma fraternity. E nyere ya nzere doctorate na nkà ihe ọmụma site na Mahadum Fort Valley State . == Nchịkọta ọrụ == * Shell Oil Refining Company, 1975-1977, injinia usoro * Dresser Industries, 1977-1979, onye na-eme nchọpụta * Suncrest Investment Corporation, 1980-1982, osote onye isi oche * Baker Investments, 1982-1986, onye isi ala * CAMAC Holdings, 1986-, onye isi ọrụ na onye isi oche * Port of Houston Authority Board of Commissioners, 1999-2000, kọmishọna 2000-, osote onyeisi oche * Allied Energy Corporation, 1991-, onyeisi oche. == Onyinye == * USAfrica Onye Azụmaahịa nke Afọ, USAfrica The Newspaper, 1997. == Ihe odide == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> U.S. Public Records Index Mpịakọta nke 1 & 2 (Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc.), 2010. Chappell, Kevin (2006) “Kase Lawal: site na Naịjirịa ruo Houston ruo n’akụkọ ihe mere eme: mgbe ọ gbasara nchọpụta mmanụ, nhazigharị ya na azụmahịa ya, onye isi CAMAC Holdings nọ n’ọkwa pụrụ iche n’onwe ya. (Ajụjụ ọnụ),” Ebony, Jenụwarị 1, 2006. Martin, C. Sunny. (2008). Ndị bụ ndị n’ime ndị ojii Houston. [Ebe e bipụtara ya akọwapụtaghị]: Who’s Who Pub Co. <nowiki>ISBN 978-1-933879-47-5</nowiki>. OCLC 946499022. Morgan, Barry (2008) “Ịtọ Ihe Nlereanya n’Ndepụta Ndị Afrịka Dị Mkpa n’Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme,” Upstream, Nọvemba 7, 2008, enwetara ya na Febụwarị 8, 2010. “Lawal A họpụtara Ọzọ n’Kọmịshọn Port Authority; Onye Ndu Obodo na Azụmahịa A Ma Ama Ga-eje Oge Nke Atọ Dị Ka Onye Obodo Houston Họpụtara,” Business Wire, Juun 11, 2003. Johnson, Alverna & Chiakwelu, Emeka (1997) “Emume Onyinye Maka Ọrụ Obodo Na-akpọkọta Ndị Ndu Iwu na Azụmahịa na Ndị Obodo Afrịka na Texas Southern University,” USAfricaOnline, enwetara ya na Febụwarị 8, 2010. == Njikọmpụga == * Official website {{DEFAULTSORT:Lawal, Kase}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] 1z9p3w1uadbucm2qu0m5q6xbkwfnpdz 0 80825 729788 2026-10-01T12:10:13Z Chiwentalagu 66670 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1368990214|Kole Omotoso]]" 729788 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bankole Ajibabi Omotoso''' (21 Eprel 1943 - 19 Julaị 2023), nke a makwaara dị ka '''Kole Omotoso''', bụ onye na ede edemede Naijiria na onye ọgụgụ isi a maara ama nke ọma maka ọrụ akụkọ ifo ya nile o na edegasi na South Africa dị ka "nwoke Yebo Gogo" na ezigbote mgbasa ozi maka ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta Vodacom . A maara ọrụ ya edere maka nraranye ya na mkpebi ya iji jikọta nyocha mmekọrịta ọha na eze na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke [[Afrịka]] na nkwanye ùgwù maka ùgwù mmadụ n'ime ọtụtụ ọrụ di iche iche ya. ht3fc99kz3u4gyy5io24ufftfhazcok 0 80826 729791 2026-10-01T12:24:14Z Chiwentalagu 66670 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365922647|Ijebu people]]" 729791 wikitext text/x-wiki Ndị Ìú bụ otu Ndị Yorubasi [[Naijiria|na obodo Naịjirịa]]. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha dị na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke mba ahụ,si na steeti nke ha na kpooLagos na [[Ȯra Ogun|obodo Ogun steeti]]. Ndị Ijebu na-asụ asụsụ Ijebu. A na-eme atụmatụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ Ijebus karịrị nde 3. qtnqmfmxlpqj9psifr8vkqd34cvy1vt 729853 729791 2026-10-01T15:23:51Z Ndubuaku Christopher 66682 Created by translating the section "__LEAD_SECTION__" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365922647|Ijebu people]]" 729853 wikitext text/x-wiki Ndị Ìú bụ otu Ndị Yorubasi [[Naijiria|na obodo Naịjirịa]]. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha dị na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke mba ahụ,si na steeti nke ha na kpooLagos na [[Ȯra Ogun|obodo Ogun steeti]]. Ndị Ijebu na-asụ asụsụ Ijebu. A na-eme atụmatụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ Ijebus karịrị nde 3. Ndị Ìjẹ̀bú bụ otu ndị Yoruboid sitere na Naịjirịa. Ọtụtụ n’ime ha bi n’ebe ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke mba ahụ, kpọmkwem na Steeti Lagos na Ogun. Ndị Ìjẹ̀bú na-asụ asụsụ Ìjẹ̀bú. A na-eme atụmatụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Ìjẹ̀bú karịrị nde mmadụ atọ. 8rhbi2f8g1nielj8iokqsv8b92n6pos 0 80827 729792 2026-10-01T12:24:18Z Rack st 66697 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375685753|Obinna Eregbu]]" 729792 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Obinna Eregbu''' // i (amụrụ na 9 Nọvemba 1969) bụ [[Naijiria|Onye Naijiria]] na-eme egwuregwu lara ezumike nká nke na-asọ mpi na ịwụli elu ogologo. Aha ya, Obinna, pụtara "''Obi Nna''". A maara ya nke ọma maka ihe nrite ọla edo ya na 1994 egwuregwu nke commonwealth. Eregbu sonyere na ndị otu egwuregwu nke Iowa steeti Cyclones na NCAA. Nnukwu mmeri ya bụ mita 8.22, nke o nwetara na asọmpi iru eru nke 1994 egwuregwu commonwealth. Nke a na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nye nke ise n'etiti ndị Naijiria na-awụli elu, n'azụ [[Yusuf Alli]] (8.27 m), Charlotn Ehizuelen (8.26 n'ime ụlọ), [[Paul Emordi]] (8.25) na [[George Ogbeide]] (8.24). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070520070413/http://www.gbrathletics.net/cm99.htm] [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] mgt7gydqumfzi06w958ceb4ss3g2hv6 0 80828 729797 2026-10-01T12:33:48Z Chinwe23 66630 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355424600|Augustine Adetula Alabi]]" 729797 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Augustine Adetula Alabi''' is a [[:en:Nigeria|Nigerian]] jurist who served as the Chief Judge of Lagos State from 2004 to 2009. He is also a former Solicitor-General and Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Justice Lagos State.<ref>{{Cite web |title=State Court System |url=https://lagosjudiciary.gov.ng/state_court_system.aspx#5 |access-date=2025-12-23 |website=lagosjudiciary.gov.ng}}</ref><templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Infobox officeholder| | honorific_prefix = Hon. Justice | name = Augustine Adetula Alabi | office = Chief Judge of Lagos State | term_start = 8 July 2004 | term_end = 7 August 2009 | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1944|08|08}} | birth_place = Idoani, Ondo State, Nigeria }} == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ ya na 8 Ọgọstụ 1944 na Idoani, obodo dị na Ose Local Government Area nke Ondo State, Alabi malitere agụmakwụkwọ praịmarị ya na Uloakwukwo Holy Trinity, na Idoini, wee gụchaa agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na Imade College na Owo. O nwetara nzere Bachelor of Laws (LL.B) na Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo nke a na-akpọ Mahadum Ife n'oge ahụ. A kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọka iwu n'afọ 1970 mgbe ọ gachara ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu Naịjirịa dị na Lagos. == Ọrụ iwu == Ọrụ iwu Alabi malitere na 1973 dị ka onye ndụmọdụ steeti ụmụ akwụkwọ na Ministri Ikpe nke Lagos. Ọ rịgooro n'ọkwa ma họpụta ya Solicitor-General na Permanent Secretary nke ozi ahụ. N'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1986, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọka ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Lagos Steeti. N'abalị asatọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2004, Gọvanọ Bola Tinubu ṅụrụ iyi dị ka Onye isi ikpe nke Lagos Steeti. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ a ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 7 Ọgọstụ 2009. [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] t0hu2zvc880qf52t7byfqmuow9kb62e 729847 729797 2026-10-01T15:08:25Z OKEKE VICTOR 66685 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355424600|Augustine Adetula Alabi]]" 729847 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>{{Infobox officeholder| | honorific_prefix = Hon. Justice | name = Augustine Adetula Alabi | office = Chief Judge of Lagos State | term_start = 8 July 2004 | term_end = 7 August 2009 | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1944|08|08}} | birth_place = Idoani, Ondo State, Nigeria }} '''Augustine Adetula Alabi''' bụ onye ọka iwu Naijiria nke jere ozi dị ka Chief Judge nke Lagos State site na 2004 ruo 2009. Ọ bụkwa onye bụbu Solicitor-General na odeakwụkwọ na-adịgide adịgide nke Ministry of Justice Lagos State . == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ ya na 8 Ọgọstụ 1944 na Idoani, obodo dị na Ose Local Government Area nke Ondo State, Alabi malitere agụmakwụkwọ praịmarị ya na Holy Trinity School, na Idoini, wee gụchaa agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na Imade College na Owo. O nwetara nzere Bachelor of Laws (LL.B) na Mahadum Obafemi Awolowo nke a na-akpọ Mahadum Ife n'oge ahụ. A kpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọka iwu n'afọ 1970 mgbe ọ gachara ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu Naịjirịa dị na Lagos. == Ọrụ iwu == Ọrụ iwu Alabi malitere na 1973 dị ka onye ndụmọdụ steeti ụmụ akwụkwọ na Ministri Ikpe nke Lagos. Ọ rịgooro n'ọkwa ma họpụta ya Solicitor-General na Permanent Secretary nke ozi ahụ. N'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1986, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọka ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Lagos Steeti. N'abalị asatọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 2004, Gọvanọ Bola Tinubu ṅụrụ iyi dị ka Onye isi ikpe nke Lagos Steeti. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ a ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 7 Ọgọstụ 2009. == Ihe odide == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  * “Usoro Ụlọikpe Steeti.” lagosjudiciary.gov.ng. E nwetara ya na 23 Disemba 2025. * “ALABI, Augustine Adetula.” Biographical Legacy and Research Foundation. 31 Ọktoba 2016. E nwetara ya na 23 Disemba 2025. * “Naịjirịa: Anaghị m echetụdị na m nwere ike ịghọ Onye Ọkaikpe Kasị Elu nke Lagos — Alabi.” 23 Ọktoba 2008. * Adewale, Busari (28 Juun 2004). “Naịjirịa: Mgbanwe Ọchịchị n’Ụlọikpe Lagos.” * Eribake, Akintayo (6 Ọgọst 2009). “Onyeikpe Alabi, Onye Ọkaikpe Kasị Elu nke Lagos, lara ezumike.” Vanguard. Lagos, Naịjirịa. E nwetara ya na 23 Disemba 2025. [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] ej98r00g685itt4d3fl0gm541cicdh7 0 80829 729798 2026-10-01T12:34:12Z Chiwentalagu 66670 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372543400|Paul Obazele]]" 729798 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paul Obazele''' bụ onye Naijiria na-eme ihe nkiri, onye ọrụ ebere, na onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri digasi iche iche bụ onye jere ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke Association of Movie Producers (AMP) na njedebe nke oge ya dị ka onye nduzi nke Association of Film Producers (AMP) a họpụtara ya dịka onye isi oche ya nke platform ''Edo Film Makers Association (EFMA).'' Obazele bụ onye ezigbote guzobere Legends of Nollywood Awards '' (LNA) ''. A kpọrọ ya ''"otu n'ime ihu ndị na-adịgide adịgide na telivishọn"'' site n'aka ndị nchịkọta akụkọ nke a na kpoo TV Guide nke bụ mbipụta kwa nkeji iri na ise nke Naịjirịa Telivishion Authority. <ref name=":0" /> i5io7sn2pdt9hhhk8a1o1g2ia1yjop3 0 80830 729800 2026-10-01T12:37:50Z Chijioke2010 62489 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372667458|Paul Utomi]]" 729800 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Paul Chibuzo Utomi-Biyang''' (amụrụ na 6 Ọktoba 1981) bụ onye Naijiria na-eme ihe nkiri, onye nduzi ihe nkiri, mmepụta, onye edemede, onye na-ese okwu na ihe nlereanya. == Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ == A mụrụ Utomi na Maazị Utomi-Biyang na Madrid, Spain. Ezinụlọ ya laghachiri Lagos, Naịjirịa, mgbe ọ dị otu afọ. Ọ gara Comfort Nursery na Primary School na Lagos wee gaa Legacy High School na [[Akowonjo]], Lagos, ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya. Ọ gụrụ akụ na ụba na [[Mahadum nke Ȯra Lagos|Mahadum Lagos State]], mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị ọ gụrụ ime ihe nkiri na iduzi na Centre for Film and Video Excellence na 2011. == Ọrụ == === Ime ihe nkiri === Tupu ọ rụọ ọrụ, o dere maka akwụkwọ egwuregwu a na-akpọ The Game Magazine ma gosipụta ọtụtụ ihe omume nke AM Express Sports na NTA Network. Ọ sonyeere ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri Naijiria (Nollywood) n'ụzọ ọkachamara wee malite ọrụ ime ihe nkiri ya, na-eme ka ọ pụta nke mbụ ya na-eme ihe nkiri na usoro TV ''Tarima'', nke gosipụtara n'ihe dị ka afọ 2012. N'afọ sochirinụ, ọ pụtara na usoro ihe nkiri TV Lekki Wives, ebe ọ na-eme ihe nkiri, Jude. == Ntuziaka na mmepụta == N'afọ 2017, o mepụtara ihe nkiri na-akpali akpali nke akpọrọ What Lies Within, nke meriri "Best Feature Film" na "Best Overall Picture" na Abuja International Zuma Film Festival 2017, tinyere otuto anọ meriri na Best of Nollywood Awards n'otu afọ ahụ. Ihe nkiri mbụ zuru oke ọ duziri dịka '''onye nduzi ihe nkiri''', ''Country Hard'', nwetara otuto mgbe a họpụtara ya ka e gosi ya na '''mbipụta nke iri (10th edition) nke AFRIFF''' n’afọ '''2021'''. Ihe nkiri nke atọ Utomi dị ka onye nduzi bụ ihe nkiri fantasy The Reckoner, nke e wepụtara na 2021, nke [[Baaj Adebule]] na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa. == Ihe nkiri == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Aha ya !Ụdị !Ọrụ !Afọ !Ihe odide |- |''[[Lekki Wives|Ndị inyom Lekki]]'' |Ihe nkiri TV |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2013 | |- |[[Shuga (Usoro TV)|''Shuga'']] |Ihe nkiri TV |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2013 | |- |''[[Gidi Up]]'' |Usoro Weebụ |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2014 | |- |''Ndị si n'ezi ofufe dapụ'' |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2014 | |- |<nowiki><i id="mwlQ">Obodo O-Town</i></nowiki> |Ihe nkiri mpụ |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2015 | |- |''N'Ụlọ Nna m'' |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2015 | |- |''B Ọ bụghị ihe na-adịghị mma'' |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2015 | |- |''Leeway'' |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2016 | |- |''Eluigwe'' |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2016 | |- |''[[What Lies Within|Ihe Dị n'Ime]]'' |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri, onye edemede, onye na-emepụta |2017 | |- |''Nkịta'' |Ihe ọchị |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2017 | |- |''Ibi nso n'ebe ị nọ'' |Ihe nkiri TV |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2018 | |- |''Hush'' |Ihe nkiri TV |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2018 | |- |''E.V.E.'' |Ihe nkiri TV |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2018 | |- |''Okporo ụzọ'' |Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2020 | |- |''[[This Lady Called Life|Nwaanyị A Na-akpọ Ndụ]]'' |Ihe nkiri |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2020 | |- |[[Tinsel (TV series)|''Tinsel'']] |Ihe nkiri TV |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2020 | |- |<nowiki><i id="mwARg">Akụkọ Juju: Yam</i></nowiki> ('' (Nkebi Ịhụnanya) '') |Ihe nkiri |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2021 | |- |''Mba siri ike'' |Ihe nkiri |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2021 | |- |''[[Finding Hubby|Ịchọta Hubby]]'' |Ihe nkiri |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2021 | |- |''Nkwurịta Okwu'' |Ihe nkiri |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2022 | |- |<nowiki><i id="mwAUs">Otu n'ime ha</i></nowiki> |Ihe nkiri |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2022 | |- |''Iyanu: Oge nke Thunder'' |Ihe nkiri |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2023 | |- |''Ịhụnanya na Ìhè'' |Ihe nkiri TV |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2023 | |- |''Ndị Ndú nke Echi'' |Ihe nkiri TV |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2023 | |- |''Ndị Aisha Abụọ'' |Ihe nkiri |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri |2023 | |- |''Mmekọrịta'' |Ihe nkiri |Onye edemede, onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta |2015 | |- |''Mba siri ike'' |Ihe nkiri mpụ |Onye edemede, onye nduzi, onye na-emepụta |2021 | |- |''Onye Nkọwa'' |Ihe nkiri |Onye nduzi |2021 | |- |''Onye Nri'' |Ihe nkiri |Onye nduzi |2023 | |- |''Omo Awo'' |Ihe nkiri |Onye nduzi |2023 | |- |''Gwa onye nwụrụ'' |Ihe nkiri |Onye nduzi |2025 | |- |} {| class="wikitable" !Afọ !Ememe mmeri !Ụdị !Ihe nkiri !Nsonaazụ !Nkwupụta |- |2017 |Emume ihe nkiri Afrịka (TAFF) |Ihe nrite onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma |''Ezinụlọ''|{{Won}} | |- |2017 |[[2017 Best of Nollywood Awards|Ihe nrite Nollywood kacha mma]] |Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kacha mma n'ọrụ (Bekee) |''[[What Lies Within|Ihe Dị n'Ime]]''|{{Nom}} | |- |2017 |[[2017 Best of Nollywood Awards|Ihe nrite Nollywood kacha mma]] |Ihe nkiri nke Afọ |''[[What Lies Within|Ihe Dị n'Ime]]''|{{Nom}} | |- |2017 |[[2017 Best of Nollywood Awards|Ihe nrite Nollywood kacha mma]] |Ụdị ihe nkiri kacha mma |''[[What Lies Within|Ihe Dị n'Ime]]''|{{Nom}} | |} == Ihe odide == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  == Njikọ mpụga == * {{IMDb name|id=6136295|name=Paul Utomi}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Utomi, Paul}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] [[Otú:Ndị Spen sitere n’usoro ọmụmụ Equatorial Guinea]] [[Otú:Ndị Spen sitere n’usoro ọmụmụ Naịjirịa]] [[Otú:Ndị Naịjirịa sitere n’usoro ọmụmụ Equatorial Guinea]] [[Otú:Ndị nwoke na-eme ihe nkiri Naịjirịa nke narị afọ nke 20]] [[Otú:Ndị nwoke Naịjirịa na-eme ihe nkiri telivishọn]] [[Otú:Ndị nwoke na-eme ihe nkiri Naịjirịa nke narị afọ nke 21]] [[Otú:Ndị na-emepụta ihe nkiri Naịjirịa]] [[Otú:Ndị nduzi ihe nkiri Naịjirịa]] [[Otú:Ndị nwoke Naịjirịa na-eme ihe nkiri sinima]] [[Otú:Ndị si Madrid]] [[Otú:Ndị ka dị ndụ]] [[Otú:Ndị a mụrụ n’afọ 1981]] [[Otú:Akụkọ ndị nwere hCards]] 8qj8l4dy8xvdubbxilmty1qrhfuagvz 0 80831 729802 2026-10-01T12:38:45Z Ndubuaku Christopher 66682 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375860426|Islam in Nigeria]]" 729802 wikitext text/x-wiki Islam bụ otu n’ime okpukpe abụọ kacha nwee ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-eso ya na Naịjirịa. Naịjirịa nwekwara ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Alakụba kacha ukwuu n’Afrịka. N’afọ 2018, CIA World Factbook mere atụmatụ na ndị Alakụba bụ 53.5% nke ndị bi na Naịjirịa.<ref>{{cite web |title=The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/nigeria/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109223449/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/nigeria |archive-date=9 January 2021 |access-date=10 April 2018 |website=www.cia.gov}}</ref> Okpukpe Islam gbadoro ụkwụ karịsịa n’akụkụ ugwu nke mba ahụ. Steeti ndị dị n’akụkụ ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nwekwara ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Alakụba ka ukwuu. Steeti ndị dị ka Lagos, Ogun, Oyo na Osun.Akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ na akụkụ ndịda nke mba ahụ nwekwara ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Alakụba pere mpe ma dị ịrịba ama bi n’ógbè ndị ahụ.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 November 2002 |title=Islam in Nigeria |url=https://www.ascleiden.nl/content/webdossiers/islam-nigeria |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204012421/https://www.ascleiden.nl/content/webdossiers/islam-nigeria |archive-date=4 December 2021 |access-date=4 December 2021}}</ref> Ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ugwu Naịjirịa na-achịkwa n’okpuru iwu Sharia, ebe a na-achịkwa akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke mba ahụ n’okpuru iwu ọchịchị ụwa (secular law).<ref>{{cite web |title=Sharia implementation in northern Nigeria after 15 years {{!}} Oxford Department of International Development |url=https://www.qeh.ox.ac.uk/content/sharia-implementation-northern-nigeria-after-15-years |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406055756/https://www.qeh.ox.ac.uk/content/sharia-implementation-northern-nigeria-after-15-years |archive-date=2023-04-06 |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=www.qeh.ox.ac.uk}}</ref> Ọnụọgụ ndị Alakụba n’ime ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na Naịjirịa na-arịwanye elu, n’ihi na ọnụego ọmụmụ ha dị elu. Ndị ahịa si n’Ebe Ugwu Afrịka na mpaghara mmiri Senegal webatara Islam n’ebe a bụ Naịjirịa taa n’ime narị afọ nke 11, ọ bụkwa okpukpe Abrahamic nke mbụ na-ekwere n’otu Chineke rutere Naịjirịa. Akụkụ ugwu nke Naịjirịa nọbu n’okpuru ọchịchị steeti na alaeze Islam dị iche iche, dịka Alaeze Kanem–Bornu, Alaeze Mali, Alaeze Songhai, na Alaeze Hausa. Usman dan Fodio, onye ọkà mmụta Islam nke ndị Fulani, tọrọ ntọala Sokoto Caliphate, nke chịrị akụkụ ugwu Naịjirịa n’ime narị afọ nke iri na itoolu n’oge agha jihadi ndị Fulani, ruo mgbe Alaeze Ukwu Britain weghaara ya n’afọ 1903. Ndị ozi ala ọzọ ndị Portugal webatara Iso Ụzọ Kraịst n’akụkụ ndịda Naịjirịa n’ime narị afọ nke iri na ise, ọ ghọkwara otu n’ime okpukpe ndị kacha ewu ewu na Naịjirịa, tinyere Islam, n’oge ọchịchị ndị Britain malitere ná ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na itoolu. Ndị Alakụba nọ na Naịjirịa bụkarị ndị Sunni na-agbaso ụlọ akwụkwọ echiche Maliki. Otú ọ dị, e nwere obere ìgwè ndị Shia dị ukwuu, ọkachasị na steeti Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Osun, Kwara, Yobe na Sokoto (lee Shia na Naịjirịa). Karịsịa, nnyocha Pew Forum nke afọ 2008 banyere ụdị okpukpe dị iche iche chọpụtara na pasentị 5 nke ndị Alakụba Naịjirịa bụ ndị Shia.<ref>{{cite web |date=August 9, 2012 |title=The World's Muslims: Unity and Diversity |url=https://www.pewforum.org/2012/08/09/the-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-executive-summary/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190310121517/http://www.pewforum.org/2012/08/09/the-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-executive-summary/ |archive-date=March 10, 2019 |access-date=August 14, 2012 |publisher=Pew Forum on Religious & Public life}}</ref> Ndị otu Ahmadiyya na ndị Alakụba na-enweghị otu okpukpe a kapịrị ọnụ nwekwara ọnụnọ buru ibu n’obodo ahụ.<ref>[https://ahmadiyya.ng/achievements-of-ahmadiyya-muslim-jamaat-in-nigeria/ "Achievements of Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat in Nigeria]</ref> b6qh8qz0q71y2czwbmwjbt08ke2ssdh 0 80832 729803 2026-10-01T12:39:53Z OKEKE VICTOR 66685 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1364062027|Sunday Emmanuel (athlete)]]" 729803 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles> {{MedalTableTop}} {{MedalSport|Men's [[Sport of athletics|athletics]]}} {{MedalCountry|{{NGR}}}} {{MedalCompetition|[[African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]]}} {{MedalGold|[[2002 African Championships in Athletics|2002 Radès]]|[[2002 African Championships in Athletics – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay|4×100 m]]}} {{MedalSilver|[[1998 African Championships in Athletics|1998 Dakar]]|200 m}} {{MedalSilver|1998 Dakar|4×100 m}} {{MedalBronze|[[1996 African Championships in Athletics|1996 Yaoundé]]|100 m}} {{MedalBottom}}Sunday Emmanuel {{Audio|LL-Q34311 (yor)-Tunmise123-Sunday Emmanuel.wav|Listen}} (8 Ọktoba 1978 - 15 Jenụwarị 2004 na [[Kaduna]]) bụ onye Naijiria na-eme egwuregwu nke bụ ọkachamara na ihe omume sprinting. Ọ nọchitere anya mba ya na 100 mita na 2000 Summer Olympics ruo ọkara ikpeazụ. Ọ bụ onye nke abụọ na 100m na 200m na 1995 African Junior Athletics Championship, wee merie ihe omume abụọ ahụ na Mbipụta 1997. &nbsp;Ihe nrite kachasị ya bụ ọla nchara 100m na [[1998 African Championships in Athletics]]">1996 African Championships in Athletics na ọlaọcha na 200m na 1998 African Championships na Athletics.&nbsp;&nbsp; Ihe kachasị mma ya bụ 10.06 maka 100m, 20.45 maka 200m na 6.52 maka 60m.&nbsp;&nbsp; Ọ nwụrụ mgbe ihe mberede ụgbọala mere na [[Kaduna]], [[Naijiria|Naịjirịa]]. == Ihe ndekọ asọmpi == {| {{AchievementTable|Event=yes}} |- !colspan="6"|Representing {{NGR}} |- |rowspan=2|1995 |rowspan=2|[[1995 African Junior Athletics Championships|African Junior Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[Bouaké, Ivory Coast]] |bgcolor=silver|2nd |100 m |10.42 |- |bgcolor=silver|2nd |200 m |20.98 |- |rowspan=2|1996 |[[1996 African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]] |[[Yaoundé, Cameroon]] |bgcolor=cc9966|3rd |100 m |10.66 |- |[[1996 World Junior Championships in Athletics|World Junior Championships]] |[[Sydney, Australia]] |4th |200 m |[[1996 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Men's 200 metres|21.11]] <small>(wind: -1.6&nbsp;m/s)</small> |- |rowspan=2|1997 |rowspan=2|[[1997 African Junior Athletics Championships|African Junior Championships]] |rowspan=2|[[Ibadan, Nigeria]] |bgcolor=gold|1st |100 m |10.55 |- |bgcolor=gold|1st |200 m |21.12 |- |1998 |[[1998 African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]] |[[Dakar, Senegal]] |bgcolor=silver|2nd |200 m |20.45 |- |rowspan=2|1999 |[[1999 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] |[[Seville, Spain]] |49th (qf) |200 m |[[1999 World Championships in Athletics – Men's 200 metres|21.12]] |- |[[Athletics at the 1999 All-Africa Games|All-Africa Games]] |[[Johannesburg, South Africa]] |5th |200 m |[[Athletics at the 1999 All-Africa Games – Men's 200 metres|20.75]] |- |rowspan=2|2000 |rowspan=2|[[Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] |rowspan=2|[[Sydney, Australia]] |14th (sf) |100 m |[[Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres|10.45]] |- |8th (h) |4 × 100 m relay |[[Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay|38.97]]<ref>Did not finish in the semifinal.</ref> |- |rowspan=2|2001 |[[2001 IAAF World Indoor Championships|World Indoor Championships]] |[[Edmonton, Canada]] |52nd (h) |60 m |[[2001 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's 60 metres|7.18]] |- |[[2001 World Championships in Athletics|World Championships]] |[[Edmonton, Canada]] |10th (h) |4 × 100 m relay |[[2001 World Championships in Athletics – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay|39.10]] |- |rowspan=2|2002 |[[Athletics at the 2002 Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games]] |[[Manchester, United Kingdom]] |6th |4 × 100 m relay |[[Athletics at the 2002 Commonwealth Games – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay|39.01]] |- |[[2002 African Championships in Athletics|African Championships]] |[[Radès, Tunisia]] |bgcolor=gold|1st |4 × 100 m relay |[[2002 African Championships in Athletics – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay|39.76]] |} == Ihe kacha mma == * 100 mita - 10.06 (Enugu 1997) * 200 mita - 20.45 (-0.9 m/s) (Dakar 1998) &nbsp; '''N'ime ụlọ''' * mita 60 - 6.52 (Chemnitz 2000) * 200 mita - 21.20 (Piraeus 1999) == Ihe odide == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> Sunday Emmanuel. Sports Reference. Enwetara ya na 2013-10-27. Sunday Emmanuel na World Athletics. “allAfrica.com: Naịjirịa: AFN kwadoro ọnwụ onye na-agba ọsọ ọsọ, Sunday Emmanuel.” E debere ya n’ebe nchekwa site na ibe mbụ ya na Machị 13, 2004. Ọ gụchaghị asọmpi ọkara ikpeazụ.{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Emmanuel, Sunday}} px2m7weczdcfsi1algixg21d4rslb1t 0 80833 729806 2026-10-01T12:42:32Z Ndubuaku Christopher 66682 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1354668132|Irreligion in Nigeria]]" 729806 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Irreligion in Nigeria ('''A tụrụ ndị na-enweghị okpukpe na Naịjirịa, ya bụ ndị na-esoghị n’okpukpe ọ bụla, na pasentị anọ (4%) nke ndị bi na Naịjirịa n’afọ 2012. Ndị kwenyesiri ike na enweghị Chineke, ya bụ ndị na-ekweghị na Chineke, bụ pasentị otu (1% "<ref>{{cite news |last=Igwe |first=Leo |date=13 September 2012 |title=Atheism in Nigeria |url=http://saharareporters.com/article/atheism-nigeria-leo-igwe |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131222040346/http://saharareporters.com/article/atheism-nigeria-leo-igwe |archive-date=2013-12-22 |access-date=2013-07-25 |newspaper=[[Sahara Reporters]] |location=New York City, United States}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=No country for Nigerian 'unbelievers' |url=http://www.punchng.com/politics/no-country-for-nigerian-unbelievers/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217051606/http://www.punchng.com/politics/no-country-for-nigerian-unbelievers |archive-date=December 17, 2013 |access-date=December 17, 2013 |newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Buari |first=Jasmine |date=23 August 2016 |title=Do you know the pain of being an atheist in Nigeria? – Unbelievers cry out |url=https://www.naij.com/938276-know-pain-atheist-nigeria-unbelievers-cry.html |access-date=10 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Igwe |first=Leo |title=Atheism in Nigeria: Challenges and Opportunities - Modern Ghana |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/762881/atheism-in-nigeria-challenges-and-opportunities.html |access-date=10 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Nigeria Must Remain Neutral When It Comes To Religion |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/udoka-okafor/nigeria-atheist_b_5518363.html |access-date=10 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Is it harder to "come out" as an atheist if you're black? |url=http://www.newstatesman.com/religion/2013/08/it-harder-come-out-atheist-if-youre-black |access-date=10 July 2017 |website=www.newstatesman.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=13 April 2016 |title=TRUE Africa - How social media is helping atheists survive in one of the most religious places on earth |url=http://trueafrica.co/article/social-media-helping-atheists-survive-one-religious-places-earth/ |access-date=10 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Igwe |first1=Uchenna |title=SPECIAL REPORT: Atheists face discrimination, forced into hiding in Nigeria's north |url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/613840-special-report-atheists-face-discrimination-forced-into-hiding-in-nigerias-north.html |access-date=24 August 2023 |newspaper=[[Premium Times]]}}</ref>A na-akparị ndị na-enweghị okpukpe n’ọtụtụ akụkụ Afrịka, gụnyere Naịjirịa, ebe a na-enwekwa ịkpa ókè nke ụlọ ọrụ na-eme ka a na-emeso ha dị ka “ụmụ amaala nke ọkwa nke abụọ.” N’otu nnyocha Pew Research Center mere n’afọ 2010, pasentị 51% nke ndị Alakụba Naịjirịa kwadoro ntaramahụhụ ọnwụ maka onye hapụrụ Islam..<ref name="pewglobal.org">{{cite web |title=Muslim Publics Divided on Hamas and Hezbollah |url=http://www.pewglobal.org/files/2010/12/Pew-Global-Attitudes-Muslim-Report-FINAL-December-2-2010.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214040420/http://www.pewglobal.org/files/2010/12/Pew-Global-Attitudes-Muslim-Report-FINAL-December-2-2010.pdf |archive-date=14 December 2010 |access-date=2013-09-28 |publisher=Pewglobal.org}}</ref> [[Blasphemy law|blasphemy laws.]]<ref>{{cite web |date=2012-11-21 |title=Laws Penalizing Blasphemy, Apostasy and Defamation of Religion are Widespread &#124; Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2/11/21/laws-penalizing-blasphemy-apostasy-and-defamation-of-religion-are-widespread/ |access-date=2013-09-28 |publisher=Pewforum.org}}</ref>N’akụkụ ụfọdụ nke Naịjirịa, e nwere ọbụna iwu megide nkwulu.[1] N’akụkụ ụfọdụ nke Naịjirịa, e nwere ọbụna iwu megide nkwulu.[1].<ref name="rec2017">{{cite news |date=11 December 2017 |title=Humanist Association of Nigeria achieves formal recognition after 17-year campairl=https://humanists.international/2017/12/humanist-association-nigeria-achieves-formal-recognition-17-year-campaign/ |work=Humanists International}}</ref> This was followed by recognition of the Atheist Society of Nigeria, the Northern Nigerian Humanist Association and the Nigerian Secular Society.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Oduah |first1=Chika |date=18 September 2018 |title=Nigeria's undercover atheists: In their words |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/nigeria-undercover-atheists-words-180917212711132.html |access-date=27 July 2019 |work=www.aljazeera.com}}<cite class="citation news cs1" id="CITEREFOduah2018" data-ve-ignore="">Oduah, Chika (18 September 2018). [https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/nigeria-undercover-atheists-words-180917212711132.html "Nigeria's undercover atheists: In their words"]. ''www.aljazeera.com''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite></ref> 1r3dvif5xww8uf573z38wcs6ji5o9sg 0 80834 729823 2026-10-01T13:13:19Z Chijioke2010 62489 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374328578|Auwalu Abdullahi Rano]]" 729823 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Auwalu Abdullahi Rano''' {{Audio|LL-Q56475 (hau)-Eunice Ameh-Auwalu Abdullahi Rano.wav|Listen}} OON (amụrụ na 7 Febụwarị 1974), nke a makwaara dị ka '''AA Rano''', bụ onye ọchụnta ego Naijiria nke tọrọ ntọala AA Rano Nigeria Limited, ụlọ ọrụ na-etinye aka na ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche gụnyere mmanụ na gas, ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọelu, na ọrụ ugbo. Rano si na Rano Local Government Area nke Kano South, n'akụkụ ugwu nke Nigeria. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Rano n'obodo Lausu na Rano Local Government Area nke Kano State, Nigeria. Ọ bụ onye otu agbụrụ Fulani. Ọrụ azụmahịa ya malitere site na ire ice blocks, mmanụ ala, na ihe ndị ọzọ dị n'ógbè ahụ. == Ọrụ ebere == '''Rano''' guzobere '''AA Rano Foundation''', bụ́ òtù na-abụghị nke gọọmentị ma na-adịghị achọ uru ego. Foundation ahụ na-arụ ọrụ mmepe obodo n’akụkụ dị iche iche, gụnyere '''ahụike, agụmakwụkwọ, inye mmiri''', na mmemme '''ịkwado na inye ndị ntorobịa na ụmụ nwanyị ike na ohere'''. == Nkwado == * Gọọmentị Naijiria nyere ya nsọpụrụ mba nke Officer of the Order of the Niger (OON). * N'afọ 2021, a kpọrọ ya The Sun Industrialist of the Year . == Ihe odide == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  == Njikọ mpụga == * [https://aaranonigeria.com/ Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị] {{DEFAULTSORT:Rano, Auwalu Abdullahi}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] [[Otú:Ndị Naịjirịa guzobere ụlọ ọrụ]] [[Otú:Ndị e nyere nsọpụrụ Order of the Niger]] [[Otú:Ndị ọchụnta ego si Kano]] [[Otú:Ndị ọchụnta ego si Steeti Kano]] [[Otú:Ndị ọchụnta ego Naịjirịa nke narị afọ nke 21]] [[Otú:Ndị a mụrụ n’afọ 1974]] [[Otú:Peeji ndị na-eji infobox person nwere parameters na-emegiderịta onwe ha]] pm9gkii6ozknclu5cnidf2yzhvj66tn 0 80835 729829 2026-10-01T13:27:04Z Micheal looks 66683 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1337345745|Udeme Ekpeyong]]" 729829 wikitext text/x-wiki   '''Udeme Sam Ekpeyong ('''mụrụ na iri abuo na asato Machị 1973) bụ [[Naijiria|Onye Naijiria]] na - agba ọsọ lara ezumike nká nke bụ ọkachamara na mita 400. Ekpeyong bụ onye na-agba ọsọ Amerika niile maka otu USC Trojans track and field, na-emecha nke 8 na 400 m na 1995 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championship. Ekpeyong meriri ọla nchara na 4 x 400 mita relay na 1995 World Championships, ya na ndị otu ya [[Kunle Adejuyigbe]], Jude Monye na Sunday Bada. Na 1992 Summer Olympics, ya na ndị otu Emmanuel Okoli, Hassan Bosso na Sunday Bada gbara nke ise. Ọ hapụrụ 1994 Commonwealth Games Mgbe Canada Border Services Agency chọtara steroid na akpa ya. == Ihe edeturu '''Ekpeyong''' (a == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  == Njikọ mpụga == * Udeme EkpeyongnaEgwuregwu Ụwa {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Ekpeyong, Udeme}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] niusw5dvj2u92rcppjs87dzf9evn3m3 0 80836 729833 2026-10-01T13:32:20Z Chijioke2010 62489 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1310182385|Igbabonelimhin]]" 729833 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Igbabonelimhin''' bụ ụdị '''egwu ọdịnala na mmemme''' nke '''Ndị Esan''' si '''Steeti Edo, Naịjirịa''' na-eme. N’ụzọ nkịtị, okwu ahụ pụtara '''“ịkụ aka maka mmụọ.”''' Aha '''Igbabonelimhin''' bụ ngwakọta nke okwu abụọ: '''“Igbabo,”''' nke pụtara '''ịkụ aka''', na '''“Elimlin,”''' nke pụtara '''mmụọ'''. N’ozuzu, ọ na-egosi echiche nke '''ịkụ aka ma ọ bụ iso mmụọ nwee mkparịta ụka'''. N’ihi ya, aha ahụ sitere n’omume na echiche ndị metụtara '''ịgba egwu na mmemme ọdịnala''' a. [[File:ACROBAT_DANCE.jpg|thumb|Igbabonelimhin na-agba egwú, egwú pụrụ iche nke ndị Èsán]] == Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga == Egwú Igbabonelimhin na-eme site na masquerades na ejiji eji aka, ákwà nwere ọtụtụ agba a na-akpọ Igbuluododo. Igbabonelimhin bụ otu ìgwè (òtù) nke ndị na-eto eto ga-agafe usoro ọzụzụ pụrụ iche na emume mmalite iji ruo eruo. Nzọụkwụ ọzụzụ gụnyere: ''Ikhienlen Oto'' (agba egwú n'ala), ''Ogayikeken'' (ịgba ọsọ n'oge ọkọchị) na ''Iruen-Ebe'' (ememe mmalite) n'ime òtù ahụ bụ ndị okenye nke òtù ahụ na-eme. A na-ahụkwa Igbabonelimhin dị ka òtù nzuzo nke nwere ụkpụrụ na ụkpụrụ nke ya. A na-ahụ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri ka ha si na 'elimhin' (ụwa mmụọ) ma na-asọpụrụ ha dị ka ndị dị otú ahụ, ọkachasị ndị na-abụghị ndị mbido a na-akpọ 'ogbodu'. Ọdịdị ma ọ bụ ogo nke elimhins (mmụọ) bụkwa nke dị elu. N'ihe gbasara arụmọrụ, ndị pere mpe na-agba egwú na mbụ, mgbe ahụ "Odion-elimhin" (mmụọ dị elu). Onye kacha okenye n'ime ndị elimhin nke bụ onye isi nke òtù nzuzo ahụ na-achịkwa òtù nzuzo na ndị na-agba egwú. Ọ na-ahụ na ọ dịghị onye na-emegide iwu nke nzukọ ahụ. == Ihe odide == <references /> [[Otú:Ndị egwu ọdịnala Naịjirịa]] [[Otú:Ndị Esan]] 5k5yrrs84ymcjlspf696fq7il7lf7p3 0 80837 729835 2026-10-01T13:44:04Z Rack st 66697 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1372174248|Afeez Agoro]]" 729835 wikitext text/x-wiki Afeez Agoro Oladimeji {{Audio|Yo-Afeez Agoro Oladimeji.ogg|Listen}} (13 Disemba 1975 - 14 June 2023) bụ nwa amaala Naijiria nke a ghọtara na mbụ dị ka nwoke kachasị ogologo na Naijiria. Na 2.25 mita (7 in), o guzoro 6 sentimita dị mkpụmkpụ karịa onye obodo ya 2.41 mita (7 in), [[Abiodun Adegoke]], onye nwere ike ịbụ nwoke kachasị ogologo na Naịjirịa. A mụrụ Afeez Agoro n’obodo Yaba, na Steeti Lagos, n’ụbọchị iri na atọ nke ọnwa Disemba afọ 1975. Ọ bụ nwa ikpeazụ n’ime ụmụ atọ nne ya mụrụ, ebe nne ya bụ nwunye nke abụọ nke nna ya nwụrụ anwụ. Afeez Agoro na ezinụlọ ya kwagara Akoka, Yaba, ebe o toro ma nweekwa agụmakwụkwọ ya. Ọ gara St. Finbarr’s College, Yaba. O nwetara asambodo National Diploma site na University of Lagos, ma mesịa nweta asambodo Higher National Diploma site na Lagos State Polytechnic. [1] . Agoro toro n’ụzọ nkịtị ruo mgbe ọ malitere inwe ọrịa mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na itoolu. Mgbe a kpọgara ya n’ụlọ ọgwụ, ndị dọkịta chọpụtara na ọ nwere ọrịa a na-akpọ '''acromegaly'''. Agoro gbalịrị ịlụso ọrịa ahụ ọgụ mana o nweghị ihe ịga nke ọma, n’ikpeazụ ịdị elu ya ruru ụkwụ asaa na sentimita ise (7'5"), nke mere ka ọ bụrụ otu n’ime ndị kacha ogologo n’Africa. [1] [2] [3] == Ọrụ == N’afọ 2003, mgbe Agoro gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Lagos State Polytechnic, ọ gara ime ọrụ afọ otu nke National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) na Kolokuma Local Government Area, na Steeti Bayelsa, Naịjirịa. [1] Agoro nwetakwara ohere ịpụta na ihe nkiri. N’ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 2018, ihe nkiri telivishọn a kpọrọ '''I Am Agoro''', nke lekwasịrị anya n’akụkọ ndụ ya na ahụmịhe ya nke ibi ndụ dịka nwoke kachasị ogologo na Naịjirịa, malitere igosi naanị na Linda Ikeji TV (LITV). [1] [2] [3] == Ọnwụ == Agoro nwụrụ na Lagos na 14 June 2023, mgbe ọ dị afọ 47. == Hụkwa ==   == Njikọ mpụga == [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] 9ddcrx6mla6xamcwnqpokfobcikiovq 0 80838 729838 2026-10-01T13:57:40Z Chijioke2010 62489 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1350629135|Sunil Vaswani]]" 729838 wikitext text/x-wiki <templatestyles src="Module:Infobox/styles.css"></templatestyles>  '''Sunil Vaswani''' (a mụrụ ya na '''11 Julaị 1963''') bụ onye ọchụnta ego '''Naịjirịa nke a mụrụ n’India''' na onye '''ijeri ego''', ma bụrụkwa onye isi oche '''Stallion Group'''; ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị na '''Dubai''', nke nwere azụmahịa dị iche iche n’akụkụ '''ụgbọ ala, ngwa ahịa, nri, nrụpụta ígwè, plastik, nkwakọ ngwaahịa, petrochemicals, ọrụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri''', na '''teknụzụ'''. '''Stallion Group''' na-arụ ọrụ n’ofe '''Eshia, Middle East na Africa'''. Dị ka e kwuru maka afọ '''2025''', e mere atụmatụ na akụ na ụba Sunil Vaswani ruru ihe dị ka '''US$1.8 ijeri'''. == Oge ọ malitere == A mụrụ Vaswani na Jaipur na 11 Julaị 1963, n'ime ezinụlọ Sindhi, ọ bụ nwa Sundar D Vaswani, toro na Naijiria, ma gụọ akwụkwọ na London. Ọ bụ onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na akụ na ụba na ndekọ ego na United Kingdom . <ref name="stalliongroup" /> Forbes Middle East họpụtara ya na 2015 na 2016 "Top Indian Leaders in the Arab World" Ụmụnne ya ndị obere Haresh na Mahesh na-arụkwa ọrụ maka ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, na Dubai. == Ọrụ == Vaswani weghaara azụmahịa azụmahịa Naijiria site n'aka nna ya mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na otu. N'afọ 2003, Vaswani kwagara UAE mgbe ya na gọọmentị nwere esemokwu iwu maka ebubo izere ọrụ, nke dugara n'ịchụpụ ya. Enweghị ihe ọjọọ a hụrụ, a hapụrụ ezinụlọ Vaswani ka ha laghachi.<ref name="auto" /> N'afọ 2021, Sunday Times Rich List mere atụmatụ na ego ya dị ijeri £ 1.159. == Ndụ onwe onye == Vaswani na nwunye ya Rita bi na Dubai. Vaswani nwere paspọtụ Naijiria na nke Britain. == Ihe odide == <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Vaswani, Sunil}} [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] [[Otú:Ndị Hindu Sindhi]] [[Otú:Ndị ọchụnta ego Sindhi]] [[Otú:Ụmụ amaala Naịjirịa ndị e nyere ikike ịbụ ụmụ amaala site na naturalization]] [[Otú:Ndị Naịjirịa sitere n’agbụrụ Sindhi]] [[Otú:Ndị ijeri ego Naịjirịa]] [[Otú:Ndị Naịjirịa sitere n’agbụrụ India]] [[Otú:Ndị ọchụnta ego si Jaipur]] [[Otú:Ndị ijeri ego India]] [[Otú:Ndị Britain sitere n’agbụrụ Sindhi]] [[Otú:Ndị ijeri ego Britain]] [[Otú:Ndị a mụrụ n’afọ 1963]] 8xa6vja0j6mvydn1q2mbombjizrvt72 0 80839 729839 2026-10-01T13:58:49Z Ndubuaku Christopher 66682 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374249294|Efan Ekoku]]" 729839 wikitext text/x-wiki Efangwu Goziem Ekoku (onye a mụrụ na 8 Juun 1967) bụbu onye egwuregwu bọọlụ ọkachamara nke Naịjirịa na onye na-akọwa egwuregwu. Efangwu Goziem Ekoku (onye a mụrụ na 8 Juun 1967) bụbu onye ọkpọ bọọlụ ọkachamara nke Naịjirịa, onye gbara egwu n’ọkwa Premier League maka Norwich City na Wimbledon, nakwa na Switzerland maka Grasshoppers. Efangwu Goziem Ekoku (onye a mụrụ na 8 Juun 1967) bụbu onye ọkpọ bọọlụ ọkachamara nke Naịjirịa, onye gbara egwu n’ọkwa Njikọ Premier maka Norwich City na Wimbledon, nakwa na Switzerland maka Grasshoppers. Ọ gbakwara egwu na Njikọ Bọọlụ maka AFC Bournemouth na Sheffield Wednesday, yana na Njikọ Ireland maka Dublin City na n’ọkwa bọọlụ na-abụghị nke Njikọ maka Sutton United. A họpụtara ya ka ọ gbaara Naịjirịa bọọlụ ugboro ise, ma sonyekwa na iko mba ụwa nke 1994. bscswzjdledpchdjf6jb56pru9bg4gq 0 80840 729841 2026-10-01T14:18:52Z Ndubuaku Christopher 66682 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371455474|Negrophilia]]" 729841 wikitext text/x-wiki Okwu “negrophilia” sitere n’okwu French bụ “négrophilie”, nke pụtara “ịhụ onye Afrịka n’anya.”<ref>{{Cite book |last=Petrine. |first=Archer-Shaw |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/906987006 |title=Negrophilia : avant-garde Paris and black culture in the 1920s |date=2000 |publisher=Thames & Hudson |isbn=0-500-28135-1 |oclc=906987006}}</ref> {{Lang|fr|négrophilie}} Ọ bụ okwu ndị nka avant-garde na-eji n’etiti onwe ha kọwaa otú ha si eme ka omenala ndị Black bụrụ ihe ha na-enwe mmasị gabiga ókè ma ọ bụ ihe ha na-achọsi ike n’ụzọ pụrụ iche. Mmalite ya dabara n’otu oge ahụ na mmegharị nka dịka Surrealism na Dadaism na ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na itoolu. ({{Lang|fr|l'art nègre}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gendron |first=Bernard |date=May 1990 |title=Fetishes and motorcars: Negrophilia in French modernism |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09502389000490121 |journal=Cultural Studies |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=141–142 |doi=10.1080/09502389000490121 |issn=0950-2386 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>Isi mmalite nke mkpali bụ ihe nka ndị Africa na-adịghị ndụ (l’art nègre), dịka mkpuchi ihu na ihe a kpụrụ n’osisi, bụ́ ndị bịara n’ahịa ihe ochie na ebe ngosi nka dị na Paris n’ihi ịkwakọrọ akụ nka n’oge ọchịchị ndị Europe na mpaghara Bantu nke Africa. Ihe ndị a kpaliri ọrụ nka dịka Les Demoiselles d’Avignon nke Picasso. Ihe ọzọ bụkwa ihe ngosi ndụ nke ndị isi ojii, ọtụtụ n’ime ha bụbu ndị agha lara ezumike nka ma nọgidere n’obodo ndị Europe mgbe Agha Ụwa Mbụ gasịrị; ha na-eme ihe ngosi ndị a iji nweta obere ego ha ji ebi ndụ. {{Not in body|date=July 2025}} 9k246t9xow103i3z6l3ehhv6vf7s1q1 0 80841 729849 2026-10-01T15:11:53Z Ndubuaku Christopher 66682 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1254792073|Eastern Apoi tribe]]" 729849 wikitext text/x-wiki Agbụrụ Eastern Apoi nke ndị Ijaw dị n’etiti Steeti Bayelsa, Naịjirịa. Agbụrụ Eastern Apoi dị nta ma kewapụrụ onwe ya n’akụkụ ala n’ụzọ ọdịdị ala. Ebe obibi ndị Apoi gụnyere: Keme-ebiama, Kolokologbene, Ogboinbiri, Sampou, Gbaran, Kassama, na Azama. Ndị kwagara site n’ezinụlọ Eastern Apoi guzobere ezinụlọ Western Apoi na Steeti Ondo ọtụtụ narị afọ gara aga.{{Citation needed|date=November 2024}}. Ọzọkwa, agbụrụ Arogbo na-esite n’akụkọ mmalite ya na njem mbugharị ndị mmadụ si n’obodo Apoi nke Gbaran.<ref>Alagoa, Ebiegberi Joe (2005). ''A History of the Niger Delta'', Port Harcourt: Onyoma Research Publications. {{ISBN|978-37314-5-9}}</ref> 59jx3uetdv2tpyk8xwtuukik5vpluu2 729851 729849 2026-10-01T15:14:08Z Ndubuaku Christopher 66682 Created by translating the section "__LEAD_SECTION__" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1254792073|Eastern Apoi tribe]]" 729851 wikitext text/x-wiki Agbụrụ Eastern Apoi nke ndị Ijaw dị n’etiti Steeti Bayelsa, Naịjirịa. Agbụrụ Eastern Apoi dị nta ma kewapụrụ onwe ya n’akụkụ ala n’ụzọ ọdịdị ala. Ebe obibi ndị Apoi gụnyere: Keme-ebiama, Kolokologbene, Ogboinbiri, Sampou, Gbaran, Kassama, na Azama. Ndị kwagara site n’ezinụlọ Eastern Apoi guzobere ezinụlọ Western Apoi na Steeti Ondo ọtụtụ narị afọ gara aga.{{Citation needed|date=November 2024}}. Ọzọkwa, agbụrụ Arogbo na-esite n’akụkọ mmalite ya na njem mbugharị ndị mmadụ si n’obodo Apoi nke Gbaran.<ref>Alagoa, Ebiegberi Joe (2005). ''A History of the Niger Delta'', Port Harcourt: Onyoma Research Publications. {{ISBN|978-37314-5-9}}</ref> == __LEAD_SECTION__ == Agbụrụ Eastern Apoi nke ndị Ijaw dị n’etiti Steeti Bayelsa, Naịjirịa. Agbụrụ Eastern Apoi dị nta ma kewapụrụ onwe ya n’akụkụ ala n’ụzọ ọdịdị ala. Ebe obibi ndị Apoi gụnyere: Keme-ebiama, Kolokologbene, Ogboinbiri, Sampou, Gbaran, Kassama, na Azama. Ndị kwagara site n’ezinụlọ Eastern Apoi guzobere ezinụlọ Western Apoi na Steeti Ondo ọtụtụ narị afọ gara aga.{{Citation needed|date=November 2024}}. Ọzọkwa, agbụrụ Arogbo na-esite n’akụkọ mmalite ya na njem mbugharị ndị mmadụ si n’obodo Apoi nke Gbaran.<ref>Alagoa, Ebiegberi Joe (2005). ''A History of the Niger Delta'', Port Harcourt: Onyoma Research Publications. {{ISBN|978-37314-5-9}}</ref> hbp0fy8txhnfwmkcwk28sn8pddv50xz 0 80842 729852 2026-10-01T15:23:37Z Chiwentalagu 66670 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1371032486|Gyedu-Blay Ambolley]]" 729852 wikitext text/x-wiki  <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />  '''Gyedu-Blay Ambolley''' bụ onye egwu dị elu nke Ghana, onye na-ede egwu, onye na'emepụta ihe, na onye na-agụ egwu. Onye egwu mbụ si Ghana na ụwa iji tinye ụdị rap n'ime egwu ndụ dị elu, Ambolley mepụtara ụdị egwu Simigwa. Gyedu-Blay Ambolley bụ onye a na-amaghị ama na mpụga West Africa ruo mgbe Soundway Records gụnyere Simigwa-Do, nke Ambolley wepụtara na 1973, na akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ha, ''Ghana Soundz''. <ref>{{Citation |last= |first= |title=Various Artists - Ghana Soundz: Afro-Beat, Funk & Fusion in 70's Ghana. Soundway Records. |date=27 January 2017 |url=https://soundwayrecords.com/release/156146-various-artists-ghana-soundz-afro-beat-funk-fusion-in-70s-ghana |access-date=16 March 2026 |publisher=Soundway Records}}</ref> Ụda Ambolley emeela ka ọtụtụ ndị kpọọ ya nna nna nke Hipplife, njikọta nke hip hop na ndụ dị elu idioms. Ambolley guzoro n'akụkụ AL Threats na Playboy Jazz Festival na Los Angeles. A na-ewere abụ ya "Simigua-do" dị ka nke mbụ Ghana nke rap America e wepụtara n'ụwa n'afọ 1973. Ambolley, Sammy Lartey na Ebo Taylor bụ ndị egwu ole na ole chepụtara ọdịnihu maka egwu ndụ dị elu na ngwụcha afọ 60 na mmalite afọ 70 ma nyere aka gbanwee ụdị egwu na-agwakọta ndụ dị elu, funk na jazz . * Onye na-ese ihe na-adịgide adịgide - Ghana (1980) * Album na Abụ nke Afọ - Ghana (1990) <ref name="peacefmonline.com" /> * Onyinye Egwú Trend - Ivory Coast (1997) <ref name="peacefmonline.com" /> * Africa-American History Award - MWEPC, Los Angeles, CA (2001) <ref name="peacefmonline.com" /> * Onyinye Egwú Afrikan - Los Angeles, CA (2002) <ref name="peacefmonline.com" /> * Malcolm X Music Festival Award - Los Angeles, CA (2002) <ref name="peacefmonline.com" /> * Lifetime Achievement Award - The Jazz at Drew site na Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA (2003) * Onye omeiwu, asambodo gọọmentị nke nkwanye ùgwù pụrụ iche - Onye omeiwu Juanita Millinder McDonald (2003) * Best World Beat Recombinant Artist 2003 & Best World Beat Recombinant Artist 2003, L.A. Weekly họpụtara Ambolley maka Best World Beat Resombinant Artist na 2003 na 2004 == Ihe odide == {{Authority control}}  [[Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ]] [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] [[Otú:Short description is different from Wikidata]] [[Otú:Articles with short description]] r0lki28zvpxvaz80m87xmwu5cv178wg 0 80843 729854 2026-10-01T15:27:49Z Ndubuaku Christopher 66682 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345992319|Gabriel Ogbechie]]" 729854 wikitext text/x-wiki Gabriel Ogbechie (OON) (onye a mụrụ na 28 Mee 1966) bụ onye ọchụnta ego na onye na-enyere ndị mmadụ aka nke Naịjirịa bụkwa onye ijeri naira, bụ́ onye guzobere Rainoil Group, otu n’ime ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ na gas nke ụmụ amaala Naịjirịa nwere ma bụrụkwa otu n’ime ndị kasị ukwuu n’obodo ahụ.<ref name="Punch">{{Cite news |last1=Omuojine |first1=Emmanuel |date=18 October 2022 |title=Celebrating Dr Gabriel Ogbechie's National Honour |url=https://punchng.com/celebrating-dr-gabriel-ogbechies-national-honour/ |access-date=20 January 2023 |newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref><ref name="BA">{{cite web |last1=Ajayi |first1=Omokolade |date=2 November 2021 |title=Nigerian oil tycoon Gabriel Ogbechie's Rainoil acquires majority stake worth $26.1 million in Eterna |url=https://billionaires.africa/nigerian-oil-tycoon-gabriel-ogbechies-rainoil-acquires-majority-stake-worth-26-1-million-in-eterna/ |website=Billionaires Africa}}</ref><ref name="Businessday">{{Cite news |last1=Ndigwe |first1=Chinedu |date=27 June 2022 |title=After 25yrs, Rainoil positions for next growth phase |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/after-25yrs-rainoil-positions-for-next-growth-phase/ |access-date=20 January 2023 |newspaper=[[BusinessDay (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]] |location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> aathp9awcurysxu9j4bhbh4cubqndmm 729855 729854 2026-10-01T15:28:54Z Ndubuaku Christopher 66682 Created by translating the section "__LEAD_SECTION__" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345992319|Gabriel Ogbechie]]" 729855 wikitext text/x-wiki Gabriel Ogbechie (OON) (onye a mụrụ na 28 Mee 1966) bụ onye ọchụnta ego na onye na-enyere ndị mmadụ aka nke Naịjirịa bụkwa onye ijeri naira, bụ́ onye guzobere Rainoil Group, otu n’ime ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ na gas nke ụmụ amaala Naịjirịa nwere ma bụrụkwa otu n’ime ndị kasị ukwuu n’obodo ahụ.<ref name="Punch">{{Cite news |last1=Omuojine |first1=Emmanuel |date=18 October 2022 |title=Celebrating Dr Gabriel Ogbechie's National Honour |url=https://punchng.com/celebrating-dr-gabriel-ogbechies-national-honour/ |access-date=20 January 2023 |newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref><ref name="BA">{{cite web |last1=Ajayi |first1=Omokolade |date=2 November 2021 |title=Nigerian oil tycoon Gabriel Ogbechie's Rainoil acquires majority stake worth $26.1 million in Eterna |url=https://billionaires.africa/nigerian-oil-tycoon-gabriel-ogbechies-rainoil-acquires-majority-stake-worth-26-1-million-in-eterna/ |website=Billionaires Africa}}</ref><ref name="Businessday">{{Cite news |last1=Ndigwe |first1=Chinedu |date=27 June 2022 |title=After 25yrs, Rainoil positions for next growth phase |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/after-25yrs-rainoil-positions-for-next-growth-phase/ |access-date=20 January 2023 |newspaper=[[BusinessDay (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]] |location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> == __LEAD_SECTION__ == Gabriel Ogbechie (OON) (onye a mụrụ na 28 Mee 1966) bụ onye ọchụnta ego na onye na-enyere ndị mmadụ aka nke Naịjirịa bụkwa onye ijeri naira, bụ́ onye guzobere Rainoil Group, otu n’ime ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ na gas nke ụmụ amaala Naịjirịa nwere ma bụrụkwa otu n’ime ndị kasị ukwuu n’obodo ahụ.<ref name="Punch">{{Cite news |last1=Omuojine |first1=Emmanuel |date=18 October 2022 |title=Celebrating Dr Gabriel Ogbechie's National Honour |url=https://punchng.com/celebrating-dr-gabriel-ogbechies-national-honour/ |access-date=20 January 2023 |newspaper=[[The Punch]]}}</ref><ref name="BA">{{cite web |last1=Ajayi |first1=Omokolade |date=2 November 2021 |title=Nigerian oil tycoon Gabriel Ogbechie's Rainoil acquires majority stake worth $26.1 million in Eterna |url=https://billionaires.africa/nigerian-oil-tycoon-gabriel-ogbechies-rainoil-acquires-majority-stake-worth-26-1-million-in-eterna/ |website=Billionaires Africa}}</ref><ref name="Businessday">{{Cite news |last1=Ndigwe |first1=Chinedu |date=27 June 2022 |title=After 25yrs, Rainoil positions for next growth phase |url=https://businessday.ng/news/article/after-25yrs-rainoil-positions-for-next-growth-phase/ |access-date=20 January 2023 |newspaper=[[BusinessDay (Nigeria)|BusinessDay]] |location=Lagos, Nigeria}}</ref> br9am3qjzg2a45xwi1cr0ky4zl097os 0 80844 729856 2026-10-01T15:29:03Z ANICHEBE CHINONSO 66625 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374169036|Zulu Adigwe]]" 729856 wikitext text/x-wiki Joseph Zulu Adigwe (27 Jụ́un 1945 – 23 Eprel 2024) bụ onye Naịjirịa na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-agụ egwu. A maara ya nke ọma maka ịrụ ọrụ dị ka nna n’ime ọtụtụ ihe nkiri Naịjirịa. Ọ bụ nke mbụ a bịara mara ya nke ọma dị ka Maazị B n’ime sitcom a na-akpọ ''Basi na Ụlọ Ọrụ''. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ pụtara n’ihe nkiri e mere n’afọ 2019, nke a kpọrọ [1]. ai9f83yttm3cziwas9a077t1t5hnslg 729857 729856 2026-10-01T15:31:29Z ANICHEBE CHINONSO 66625 Created by translating the section "__LEAD_SECTION__" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1374169036|Zulu Adigwe]]" 729857 wikitext text/x-wiki Joseph Zulu Adigwe (27 Jụ́un 1945 – 23 Eprel 2024) bụ onye Naịjirịa na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-agụ egwu. A maara ya nke ọma maka ịrụ ọrụ dị ka nna n’ime ọtụtụ ihe nkiri Naịjirịa. Ọ bụ nke mbụ a bịara mara ya nke ọma dị ka Maazị B n’ime sitcom a na-akpọ ''Basi na Ụlọ Ọrụ''. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ pụtara n’ihe nkiri e mere n’afọ 2019, nke a kpọrọ [1]. == __LEAD_SECTION__ == Joseph Zulu Adigwe (27 Jụ́un 1945 – 23 Eprel 2024) bụ onye Naịjirịa na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-agụ egwu. A maara ya nke ọma maka ịrụ ọrụ dị ka nna n’ime ọtụtụ ihe nkiri Naịjirịa. Ọ bụ nke mbụ a bịara mara ya nke ọma dị ka Maazị B n’ime sitcom a na-akpọ ''Basi na Ụlọ Ọrụ''. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ pụtara n’ihe nkiri e mere n’afọ 2019, nke a kpọrọ [1]. qykjhq0f0x7ahrs8hh7a1s33hvv70uz 0 80845 729859 2026-10-01T15:37:15Z Rack st 66697 Ekere na itugharị ihụakwụkwọ nke a "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345773582|Olumide Bakare]]" 729859 wikitext text/x-wiki  '''Olumide Bakare''' '''A mụrụ:''' Olumide Bakare 26 Nọvemba 1953 Steeti Oyo, Naịjirịa '''Ọ nwụrụ:''' 22 Eprel 2017 (afọ 63) Ibadan, Naịjirịa '''Ọrụ:''' Onye na-eme ihe nkiri '''Olumide Bakare''' (26 Nọvemba 1953 – 22 Eprel 2017) bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Naịjirịa. == Ọrụ == Bakare malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri n’usoro ihe nkiri telivishọn a na-akpọ '''Koko Close''', ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka '''Chief Koko''' n’okpuru '''Nigerian Television Authority (NTA)'''. == Ụfọdụ n’ime ihe nkiri o mere == * '''Ise Onise''' (2009) * '''Ofin Kokonla''' (2005) * '''Oromodie''' (2008) — dị ka Onyeikpe Iyilade * '''Maami''' (2011) — dị ka Otunba Bamisaye * '''Last Flight to Abuja''' (2012) — dị ka Okenye nwoke * '''Doctor Bello''' (2013) — dị ka Chief Idowu * '''Kofo the First Lady''' (2014) * '''Gbogbomolo''' == Ọnwụ == Bakare nwụrụ na '''22 Eprel 2017''' na '''Ibadan, Oyo, Naịjirịa''', n’ihi ọrịa obi na akpa ume.[1] Ọ lụrụ ọgụ megide ọrịa ahụ ihe karịrị otu afọ. Ka afọ 2017 na-amalite, ọ nwụrụ n’ihi '''cardiac arrest (obi ịkwụsị ịkụ)'''. A kpọgara ya ngwa ngwa n’akụkụ ndị ọrịa mberede nke '''University College Hospital (UCH)''', ebe e tinyere ya n’ụlọ nlekọta pụrụ iche ('''intensive care'''). Dị ka '''Mufu Onifade''', onye bụbu onyeisi '''National Association of Nigerian Theatre Arts Practitioners (NANTAP)''', kwuru n’ozi nkasi obi ya:  “Ọwa ahụ gara nke ọma, mgbe a wachara ya ahụ, ọ gwara ndị mmadụ okwu ma mee ka ha mara na ọ dị ya mma. Ma mgbe awa abụọ gachara, ọ nwụrụ.” == Ihe odide ==   * “Dele Odule na-akọwa otú onye ibe ya na-eme ihe nkiri, Olumide Bakare, si nwụọ” — '''Daily Post Nigeria''', Lagos, Naịjirịa. 22 Eprel 2017. * “Ihe ise ị maghị gbasara Olumide Bakare” — '''The Punch''', 23 Eprel 2017. * “Ihe nkiri ise kacha elu nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri ahụ nwụrụ anwụ” — '''Pulse Nigeria''', 22 Eprel 2017. Edebere ya n’ụlọ nchekwa na 31 Mee 2019; enwetara ya na 31 Mee 2019. * “Onye na-eme ihe nkiri Nollywood ochie, Olumide Bakare, anwụọla” — '''Premium Times Nigeria''', 22 Eprel 2017. Enwetara ya na 27 Maachị 2021. == Njikọ ndị ọzọ == [[Otú:Articles with hCards]] q8h8926ybh5xxywkuo3vgn7flwgjnh6 3 80846 729879 2026-10-01T18:00:39Z DolphybBot 61063 Nabata onye ohuru na Igbo Wikipedia! (bot) 729879 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nnọọ|username=Micheal looks|bot=[[Ojiarụ:DolphybBot|DolphybBot]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:DolphybBot|ṅkátá]]) 18:00, 1 Ọktoba 2026 (UTC)}} ro1zzsy3cwbf9bvb0b4quhu8behwx9t 3 80847 729880 2026-10-01T18:01:00Z DolphybBot 61063 Nabata onye ohuru na Igbo Wikipedia! (bot) 729880 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Nnọọ|username=Rack st|bot=[[Ojiarụ:DolphybBot|DolphybBot]] ([[Ńkàtá ojiarụ:DolphybBot|ṅkátá]]) 18:01, 1 Ọktoba 2026 (UTC)}} 25cparpwylvyn4pva4j8vp9aslyo6hz