Wikipedia ilowiki https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umuna_a_Panid MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.16 first-letter Midia Espesial Tungtungan Agar-aramat Agar-aramat tungtungan Wikipedia Wikipedia tungtungan Papeles Papeles tungtungan MediaWiki MediaWiki tungtungan Plantilia Plantilia tungtungan Tulong Tulong tungtungan Kategoria Kategoria tungtungan TimedText TimedText talk Modulo Modulo tungtungan Event Event talk 0 4978 406705 406500 2026-08-23T00:20:08Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406705 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox pagilian |conventional_long_name = Republika ti Kazakhstan |native_name = {{unbulleted list |{{patubo a nagan|kk|{{lower|0.2em|Қазақстан Республикасы&nbsp;}}|italics=off}} |{{patubo a nagan|ru|{{lower|0.2em|Республика Казахстан&nbsp;}}|italics=off}} }} |common_name = Kazakhstan |image_flag = Flag of Kazakhstan.svg |image_coat = Coat of arms of Kazakhstan.svg |symbol_type = Kayarigan |image_map = Kazakhstan (orthographic projection).svg |map_caption = {{map caption |location_color= berde}} |national_motto = |national_anthem = [[Meniñ Qazaqstanım|Менің Қазақстаным]]<br />{{transl|kk|Meniñ Qazaqstanım}}<br />{{small|''Kazakhstanko''}}<br />[[Papeles:Kazakhstan 2006.ogg|center]] |official_languages = {{unbulleted list |[[Pagsasao a Kazakh|Kazakh]] {{small|(estado)}} |[[Pagsasao a Ruso|Ruso]]{{small| (opisiall)<ref>[http://adilet.zan.kz/eng/docs/K950001000_ "Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan"]. zan.kz.</ref>}}}} |ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 63.6% [[Tattao a Kazakh|Kazakh]] | 23.3% [[Dagiti Ruso idiay Kazakhstan|Ruso]] | 2.9% [[Tattao nga Uzbek|Uzbek]] | 2.0% [[Tattao a Ukraniano|Ukraniano]] | 1.4% [[Tattao a Uighur|Uighur]] | 1.2% [[Tattao a Tataro|Tataro]] | 1.1% [[Tattao nga Aleman|Aleman]] | 4.5% dadduma }} |ethnic_groups_year = 2010 |capital = [[Nur-Sultan]] |largest_city = [[Almaty]] |coordinates = {{Coord|51|10|N|71|26|E|type:city}} |demonym = Kazakhstani, Taga-Kazakhstan<!--This is the demonym for Kazakhstan citizens. Do not change it to Kazakh, which is the demonym for the ethnic group--><ref name="CIA">[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kz.html Kazakhstan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211128/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kz.html |date=2018-12-24 }}. ''CIA World Factbook''.</ref> |government_type = [[Unitario nga estado|Unitario]] a [[Dominante a partido a sistema|dominante a partido]] a [[Presidensial a sistema|presidensial a republika]] |leader_title1 = [[Presidente ti Kazakhstan|Presidente]] |leader_name1 = Nursultan Nazarbayev |leader_title2 = [[Kangrunaan a Ministro ti Kazakhstan|Kangrunaan a Ministro]] |leader_name2 = Karim Massimov |legislature = [[Parlamaneto ti Kazakhstan|Parlamento]] |upper_house = [[Senado ti Kazakhstan|Senado]] |lower_house = ''[[Mazhilis]]'' |area_rank = Maika-9 |area_km2 = 2,724,900 |area_sq_mi = 1,052,085 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |percent_water = 1.7 |population_estimate = 17,563,300<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stat.gov.kz/faces/homePage?c404=1&_afrLoop=15526269458682213#%40%3F_afrLoop%3D15526269458682213%26c404%3D1%26_adf.ctrl-state%3D15rdpqq2kx_9|title=Негізгі|publisher=|accessdate=14 Pebrero 2016|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304123823/http://www.stat.gov.kz/faces/homePage?c404=1&_afrLoop=15526269458682213#%40%3F_afrLoop%3D15526269458682213%26c404%3D1%26_adf.ctrl-state%3D15rdpqq2kx_9|url-status=dead}}</ref> |population_estimate_year = Agosto 1, 2015 |population_estimate_rank = Maika-62 |population_density_km2 = 5.94 |population_density_sq_mi = 15.39 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> |population_density_rank = Maika-227 |GDP_PPP_year = 2014 |GDP_PPP = $420.629-bilion<ref name=IMF>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=60&pr.y=13&sy=2014&ey=2018&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=916&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Kazakhstan |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=28 Hunio 2014}}</ref> |GDP_PPP_rank = Maika-43 |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $24,143<ref name=IMF /> |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = Maika-50 |GDP_nominal_rank = Maika-50 |GDP_nominal = $225.619-bilion<ref name=IMF /> |GDP_nominal_year = 2014 |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $12,950<ref name=IMF /> |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = Maika-54 |sovereignty_type = Wayawaya manipud iti [[Kappon ti Sobiet]] |established_event1 = Nairangarang |established_date1 = 16 Disiembre 1991 |established_event2 = Finalized |established_date2 = 25 Disiembre 1991 |established_event3 = Timmipon iti [[Nagkaykaysa a Pagpagilian]] |established_date3 = 2 Marso 1992 |established_event4 = Agdama a batay-linteg |established_date4 = 30 Agosto 1995 |Gini_year = 2013 |Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |Gini = 26.4 <!--number only--> |Gini_ref = <ref name=WB1>{{cite web |url= http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI |title= Gini index |publisher=[[World Bank]] |accessdate= 21 Nobiembre 2015}}</ref> |HDI_year = 2014<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> |HDI_change = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady--> |HDI = 0.788 <!--number only--> |HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf |title=2015 Human Development Report |year=2015 |accessdate=14 Disiembre 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme }}</ref> |HDI_rank = Maika-56 |currency = [[Tenge ti Kazakhstan|Tenge]] (₸) |currency_code = KZT |time_zone = [[Oras idiay Kazakhstan|Laud{{\}}Daya]] |utc_offset = [[UTC+05:00|+5]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.zakon.kz/obshestvo/6425975-kazakhstan-perekhodit-na-edinyy-chasovoy-poyas-chto-nuzhno-znat.html|title=Казахстан переходит на единый часовой пояс: что нужно знать|lang=ru|first=|last=|website=[[zakon.kz]]|date=2024-02-29|access-date=}}</ref> |time_zone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |drives_on = kanawan |calling_code = +7-6xx, +7-7xx |cctld = {{unbulleted list |[[.kz]] |[[.қаз]]}} }} Ti '''Kazakhstan''' ({{lang-kk| Қазақстан, Qazaqstan}}), opisial a ti '''Republika ti Kazakhstan''', ket ti pagilian idiay [[Tengnga nga Asia]], ken adda met bassit a partena idiay laud ti [[Karayan Ural]] ken isu nga mabalin pay nga adda idiay [[Europa]].<ref name="CIA" /> Ti Kazakhstan ket isu ti kadakkelan a [[napalikmutan ti daga a pagilian]] babaen ti kalawa ti daga ken ti [[Listaan dagiti pagilian ken territorio babaen ti dagup a kadakkel|maikasiam]] a kadakkelan a pagilian iti lubong. Ti teritoriona iti {{pagbaliwen|2,724,900|km²}} ket dakdakkel ngem iti amin nga [[Akinlaud nga Europa]].<ref name="CIA" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stat.kz |title=Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan (ASRK). 2005. Main Demographic Indicators |publisher=Stat.kz|accessdate=1 Hunio 2010}}</ref> Babaen idi 2006, ti Kazakhstan ket nagbalinen a dominante a pagilian iti Tengnga nga Asia babaen ti ekonomia, ken agpatpataud iti 60% iti GDP ti rehion, ken kangrunaan babaen ti industriana iti lana ken gas. Ti pagilian ket adu kadagiti rekurso ti mineral.<ref name="time" /> Daytoy ket addaan iti pagbeddengan iti (agpakanawan manipud iti amianan) [[Rusia]], [[Tsina]], [[Kirgistan]], [[Uzbekistan]], ken [[Turkmenistan]], ken danumna pay ti dakkel a parte iti [[Baybay Kaspio]]. Ti langa ti daga ti Kazakhstan ket mairaman dagiti nadalumpinas a daga, [[estepa]], [[taiga]], dagiti [[Canyon|bato a canyon]], [[turod|turturod]], dagiti [[delta ti karayan|delta]], dagiti naabungotan iti niebe a [[bantay|banbantay]], ken dagiti [[desierto]]. Addaan iti nakarkulo iti 18 a riwriw a tattao manipud idi 2014,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.inform.kz/eng/article/2558103 |title=Census2010 |publisher=Stat.kz |accessdate=1 Hunio 2010 |archive-date=2013-10-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012030115/http://www.inform.kz/eng/article/2558103 |url-status=dead }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012030115/http://www.inform.kz/eng/article/2558103 |date=2013-10-12 }}</ref> ti Kazakhstan ket ti [[Listaan dagiti pagilian babaen ti populasion|maika-61 iti kaaduan ti populasion]] a pagilian iti lubong. No maited ti kalawa ti dagana, ti [[Listaan dagiti pagilian babaen ti densidad ti populasion|densidad ti populasionna]] ket maysa kadagiti kabassitan, iti basbassit ngem 6 a tattao iti tunggal maysa a kuadrado kilometro (15 a tattao iti tunggal maysa a sq. mi.). Ti kapitoliona ket ti [[Nur-Sultan]], naiyalis daytoy manipud idiay [[Almaty]] idi 1997. Ti teritorio ti Kazakhstan ket historiko a tinagtagitao babaen dagiti [[Nomado|nomadiko a tribu]]. Daytoy ket nagbaliw idi maika-13 a siglo, idi ni [[Genghis Khan]] ket sinakupanna ti pagilian a kas parte ti Imperio ti Mongolia. Kalpasan ti panagsalisal dagiti nagparukma, ti bileg ket kanungpalan a naisubli kadagiti momadiko a tribu. Babaen idi maika-16 a siglo, dagiti [[Tattao a Kazakh|Kazakh]] ket rimmuarda a kas naisangayan a grupo, ken nabingbingay kadagiti tallo a ''[[jüz]]'' (dagiti sanga ti kaputotan a mangsakop kadagiti naisangayan a teritorio). Dagiti [[Tattao a Ruso|Ruso]] ket nangrugida a nagabanse diay [[estepa Kazakh]] idi maika-18 a siglo, ken babaen idi tengnga timaika-19 a siglo, nominal isuda a nagturturay iti amin a Kazakhstan a kas parte ti [[Imperio ti Rusia]]. Kalpasan ti [[Rebolusion ti Rusia ti 1917]] ken ti simmaruno a [[Sibil a Gubat ti Rusia|sibil a gubat]], ti teritorio ti Kazakhstan ket naurno-urnos idi kadagiti adu a beses. Idi 1936 daytoy ket iramid idi a [[Republika ti Sosialista a Sobiet ti Kazakh]], ken naikeddeng a kas maysa nga integral a parte ti [[Kappon ti Sobiet]]. Ti Kazakhstan ket isu idi ti naudi kadagiti [[Dagiti Republika ti Kappon ti Sobiet|republika ti Sobiet]] a nagirangarang iti wayawaya kalpasan ti pannakawaswas ti Kappon ti Sobiet idi 1991. Ti agdama a [[Presidente ti Kazakhstan|Presidente]], ni [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]], ket isun ti daulo ti pagilian manipud idin, ken naikarakterisado a kas autoritariano, nga addaan iti pakasaritaan ti gobierno kadagiti panagabuso iti tao ken panaglapped iti oposision iti politika.<ref name="time" /> Nagobra ti Kazakhstan a mangpadur-as iti ekonomiana, ken naipangpangruna iti dominate nga industriana iti [[hidrokarbon]].<ref name="time">{{cite news|last=Zarakhovich|first=Yuri|date=27 Septiembre 2006|url=http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1539999,00.html|title=Kazakhstan Comes on Strong|work=Time|accessdate=13 Disiembre 2015|archive-date=2015-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151207235354/http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1539999,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Dagiti nagibasaran == {{Reflist}} == Adu pay a mabasbasa == {{refbegin|30em}} *{{Cite book|title=Uneasy Alliance: Relations Between Russia and Kazakhstan in the Post-Soviet Era, 1992–1997 |url=https://archive.org/details/uneasyalliancere0000alex |first=Mikhail |last=Alexandrov |location=Westport, CT |publisher=Greenwood Press |year=1999 |isbn=0-313-30965-5 }} *{{Cite book|title=Lonely Planet Guide: Central Asia |url=https://archive.org/details/centralasia0000mayh |first=Paul |last=Clammer |first2=Michael |last2=Kohn |name-list-style=amp |first3=Bradley |last3=Mayhew |location=Oakland, CA |publisher=Lonely Planet |year=2004 |isbn=1-86450-296-7}} *{{Cite book|title=Kazakhstan: Power and the Elite |url=https://archive.org/details/kazakhstanpowere0000cumm |first=Sally |last=Cummings |location=London |publisher=Tauris |year=2002 |isbn=1-86064-854-1}} *{{Cite book|title=The Russian Colonization of Kazakhstan |first=George |last=Demko |location=New York |publisher=Routledge |year=1997 |isbn=0-7007-0380-2 }} *{{Cite book|title=Kazakhstan: Coming of Age |first=Michael |last=Fergus |name-list-style=amp |first2=Janar |last2=Jandosova |location=London |publisher=Stacey International |year=2003 |isbn=1-900988-61-5}} *{{Cite book|title=Journey into Kazakhstan: The True Face of the Nazarbayev Regime |url=https://archive.org/details/journeyintokazak0000geor |first=Alexandra |last=George |location=Lanham |publisher=University Press of America |year=2001 |isbn=0-7618-1964-9}} *{{Cite book|title=Law and Custom in the Steppe |first=Virginia |last=Martin |location=Richmond |publisher=Curzon |year=2000 |isbn=0-7007-1405-7}} *{{Cite book|title=Epicenter of Peace |url=https://archive.org/details/epicenterofpeace0000naza |first=Nursultan |last=Nazarbayev |location=Hollis, NH |publisher=Puritan Press |year=2001 |isbn=1-884186-13-0 }} *{{Cite book|title=Post-Soviet Chaos: Violence and Dispossession in Kazakhstan |first=Joma |last=Nazpary |location=London |publisher=Pluto Press |year=2002 |isbn=0-7453-1503-8}} *{{Cite book|title=Kazakhstan: Unfulfilled Promise |url=https://archive.org/details/kazakhstanunfulf00olco |first=Martha Brill |last=Olcott |location=Washington, DC |publisher=Brookings Institution Press |year=2002 |isbn=0-87003-189-9}} *{{Cite book|title=Silk Road to Ruin: Is Central Asia the New Middle East? |url=https://archive.org/details/silkroadtoruinis0000rall_t5u8 |first=Ted |last=Rall |location=New York |publisher=NBM |year=2006 |isbn=1-56163-454-9}} *{{Cite book|title=In Search of Kazakhstan: The Land That Disappeared |url=https://archive.org/details/insearchofkazakh0000robb |first=Christopher |last=Robbins |location=London |publisher=Profile Books |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-86197-868-4}} *{{Cite book|title=Once in Kazakhstan: The Snow Leopard Emerges |url=https://archive.org/details/onceinkazakhstan0000rost |first=Keith |last=Rosten |location=New York |publisher=iUniverse |year=2005 |isbn=0-595-32782-6}} *{{Cite book|title=The Lost Heart of Asia |url=https://archive.org/details/lostheartofasia00thub |first=Colin |last=Thubron |location=New York |publisher=HarperCollins |year=1994 |isbn=0-06-018226-1}} {{refend}} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == {{Commons-nailinia}} {{Wikivoyage-inline|Kazakhstan}} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/country_profiles/1298071.stm Bariweswes ti Pagilian] manipud iti BBC News. * {{CIA World Factbook link|kz|Kazakhstan}} * {{dmoz|Regional/Asia/Kazakhstan}} * {{Wikiatlas|Kazakhstan}} * [http://www.mfa.kz/ Ministro ti Ganganaet a Pannakibiang ti Republika ti Kazakhstan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929145154/http://www.mfa.kz/ |date=2011-09-29 }} * [http://e.gov.kz/wps/portal?lang=en E-Gobierno ti Republika ti Kazakhstan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130126100131/http://e.gov.kz/wps/portal?lang=en |date=2013-01-26 }} * [http://en.government.kz/ Gobierno ti Kazakhstan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810182052/http://en.government.kz/ |date=2019-08-10 }} {{Heograpiko a lokasion | Northeast = [[Pederasion ti Rusia]] | North = [[Pederasion ti Rusia]] | Northwest = [[Pederasion ti Rusia]] | West = [[Baybay Kaspio]] | Centre = Kazakhstan | East = {{hlist |[[Republika ti Tattao ti Tsina]] |[[Pederasion ti Rusia]]}} | Southwest = [[Baybay Kaspio]] | South = {{hlist |[[Baybay Aral]] |[[Uzbekistan]] |[[Turkmenistan]] |[[Kirgistan|Republika ti Kirgistan]]}} | Southeast = [[Republika ti Tattao ti Tsina]] }} {{coord|48|N|68|E|scale:20000000_source:GNS|display=title}} {{Europa}} {{Kontrol ti autoridad}} [[Kategoria:Kazakhstan| ]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti pagilian ti Tengnga nga Asia]] [[Kategoria:Eurasia]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti naserraan ti daga a pagilian]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti estado a kameng ti Mankomunidad dagiti Nawaya nga Estado]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti estado a kameng ti Organisasion ti Islamiko a Pagtitinnulongan]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti estado a kameng ti Konseho ti Turko]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti republika]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti pagilian ken teritorio nga agsasao ti Ruso]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti estado ken teritorio a nabangon idi 1991]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti estado a kameng ti Nagkaykaysa a Pagpagilian]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti adda ti dua a kontinente a pagilian]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti pagilian ken teritorio nga agsasao ti Azerbaijani]] bpzftdsw69mj4soxand1968htg92jp8 0 5030 406711 406250 2026-08-23T04:16:33Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406711 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|15|S|30|E|type:country_region:ZM|display=title}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Republika ti Zambia | native_name = {{patubo a nagan|en|Republic of Zambia}} | common_name = Zambia | image_flag = Flag of Zambia.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Zambia.svg | image_map = Zambia (orthographic projection).svg | image_map2 = | national_motto = <br />"One Zambia, One Nation"<br />{{lang-ilo|"Maysa a Zambia, Maysa a Pagilian"|link=no}} <!--speechmarks, as it's a quotation--> | national_anthem = "[[Stand and Sing of Zambia, Proud and Free]]"<br />{{lang-ilo|"Tumakder ken Kantaem ti Zambia, Agpannakkel ken Nawaya"|link=no}}<div style="padding-top:0.4em; text-align:center;">[[Papeles:Zambian national anthem.oga|center]]</div> | official_languages = Ingles | regional_languages = {{marebba a listaan |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal; |title = |liststyle = text-align: left;border-top:1px solid #aaa; | 33.5% [[Pagsasao a Bemba|Bemba]] | 14.8% [[Pagsasao a Nyanja|Nyanja]] | 11.4% [[Pagsasao a Tonga (Zambia ken Zimbabwe)|Tonga]] | 5.5% [[Pagsasao a Lozi|Lozi]] | 4.5% [[Pagsasao a Chewa|Chewa]] | 3.0% [[Pagsasao a Nsenga|Nsenga]] | 2.6% [[Pagsasao a Tumbuka|Tumbuka]] | 1.9% [[Pagsasao a Lunda|Lunda]] | 1.9% [[Pagsasao a Kaonde|Kaonde]] | 1.8% [[Pagsasao a Lala-Bisa|Lala]] | 1.8% [[Pagsasao a Lamba|Lamba]] | 1.7% Ingles | 1.5% [[Pagsasao a Luvale|Luvale]] | 1.3% [[Pagsasao a Mambwe|Mambwe]] | 1.2% [[Pagsasao a Lenje|Lenje]] | 1.2% [[Pagsasao a Namwanga|Namwanga]] | 1.0% Bisa | 0.9% Ushi | 0.7% [[Pagsasao nga Ila|Ila]] | 0.7% [[Pagsasao a Mbunda|Mbunda]] | 0.7% [[Pagsasao a Ngoni|Ngoni]] | 0.7% [[Pagsasao a Tumbuka-Senga|Senga]] | 0.6% [[Pagsasao a Lungu|Lungu]] | 0.5% Toka-Leya | 4.7% Dadduma }} | demonym = Zambiano | ethnic_groups = {{marebba a listaan |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal; |title = |liststyle = text-align: left;border-top:1px solid #aaa; | 21.0% [[Bemba people|Bemba]] | 13.6% [[Tattao a Tonga ti Zambia ken Zimbabwe|Tonga]] | 7.4% [[Tattao a Chewa|Chewa]] | 5.7% [[Tattao a Lozi|Lozi]] | 5.3% [[Tattao a Nsenga|Nsenga]] | 4.4% [[Tattao a Tumbuka|Tumbuka]] | 4.0% [[Tattao a Ngoni|Ngoni]] | 3.1% Lala | 2.9% Kaonde | 2.8% Namwanga | 2.6% [[Tattao a Lunda|Lunda (Akin-amianan)]] | 2.5% [[Tattao a Mambwe|Mambwe]] | 2.2% Luvale | 2.1% [[Tattao a Lamba|Lamba]] | 1.9% Ushi | 1.6% Bisa | 1.6% Lenje | 1.2% [[Tattao a Mbunda|Mbunda]] | 0.9% [[Tattao a Lunda|Lunda (Luapula)]] | 0.9% [[Tattao a Senga|Senga]] | 0.8% [[Tattao nga Ila|Ila]] | 0.8% [[Tattao a Lungu|Lungu]] | 0.7% [[Tabwa]] | 0.7% Soli | 0.7% [[Tattao a Kunda|Kunda]] | 0.6% Ngumbo | 0.5% Chishinga | 0.5% [[Tattao a Chokwe|Chokwe]] | 0.5% [[Tattao a Nkoya|Nkoya]] | 5.4% Dadduma nga etniko | 0.8% Nangruna puli | 0.4% Di naidasig }} | ethnic_groups_year = 2010<ref name="ZMBCSO2016">[http://www.zamstats.gov.zm/phocadownload/2010_Census/2010%20Census%20of%20Population%20National%20Analytical%20Report.pdf Census of Population and Housing National Analytical Report 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114001635/http://www.zamstats.gov.zm/phocadownload/2010_Census/2010%20Census%20of%20Population%20National%20Analytical%20Report.pdf |date=2017-11-14 }} Central Statistical Office, Zambia</ref> | religion = {{ublist |{{nowrap|95.7% [[Kristianidad]] {{small|(opisial)}}}} :{{nowrap|{{small|75.3% [[Protestantismo]]}}}} :{{nowrap|{{small|20.3% [[Katolisismo]]}}}} |2.1% Baháʼí |0.5% [[Islam]] |0.2% [[Hinduismo]] |2.5% Dadduma }} | capital = [[Lusaka]] | coordinates = {{Coord|15|25|S|28|17|E|type:city_region:ZM}} | largest_city = kapitolio | government_type = [[Unitario nga estado|Unitario]] a [[Presidensial a sistema|presidensial]] a [[Republika|batay-linteg republika]] | leader_title1 = Presidente | leader_name1 = [[Edgar Lungu]] | leader_title2 = Bise Presidente | leader_name2 = [[Inonge Mutukwa Wina]] | legislature = Nailian nga Asemblia | area_km2 = 752,618 | area_sq_mi = 290,587 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | area_rank = Maika-38 <!--should be same as listed on [[List of countries and dependencies by area]]--> | area_footnote = <ref name="area">{{cite web |url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/DYB2004/Table03.pdf |title=Population by sex, rate of population increase, surface area and density |author=United Nations Statistics Division |access-date=9 Nobiembre 2007|language=en}}</ref> | percent_water = 1 | population_estimate = {{UN Population|Zambia}}{{UN Population|ref}} | population_estimate_year = {{UN Population|Year}} | population_estimate_rank = Maika-65 | population_census = 13,092,666<ref name="censubibpibjnii">{{cite web |url=http://www.zamstats.gov.zm/phocadownload/2010_Census/2010%20Census%20of%20Population%20National%20Analytical%20Report.pdf |title=2010 Census Population Summaries |author=Central Statistical Office, Government of Zambia |access-date=6 Marso 2018 |language=en |archive-date=2017-11-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114001635/http://www.zamstats.gov.zm/phocadownload/2010_Census/2010%20Census%20of%20Population%20National%20Analytical%20Report.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> | population_census_year = 2010 | population_density_km2 = 17.2 | population_density_sq_mi = 44.5 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]--> | population_density_rank = Maika-191 | GDP_PPP_year = 2019 | GDP_PPP = $75.857&nbsp;bilion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/PPPGDP@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD/ZMB|title=Zambia |publisher=International Monetary Fund |language=en}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_rank = | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $4,148<ref name=imf2 /> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | GDP_nominal = $23.946&nbsp;bilion<ref name=imf2 /> | GDP_nominal_year = 2019 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $1,307<ref name=imf2 /> | Gini_year = 2015 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini = 57.1 <!--number only--> | Gini_ref = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=Gini Index |publisher=World Bank |access-date=2 Septiembre 2019|language=en}}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI_year = 2019<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI = 0.584 <!--number only--> | HDI_ref = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020: The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=15 Disiembre 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=16 Disiembre 2020|language=en}}</ref> | HDI_rank = Maika-146 | sovereignty_type = Wayawaya | sovereignty_note = manipud iti [[Reino Unido]] | established_event1 = [[Amianan-Akinlaud a Rhodesia]] | established_date1 = 27 Hunio 1890 | established_event2 = [[Barotziland-Amianan-Akinlaud a Rhodesia]] | established_date2 = 28 Nobiembre 1899 | established_event3 = [[Amianan-Akindaya a Rhodesia]] | established_date3 = 29 Enero 1900 | established_event4 = [[Akin-amianan a Rhodesia|Amalgamasion ti Akin-amianan a Rhodesia]] | established_date4 = 17 Agosto 1911 | established_event5 = [[Pederasion ti Rhodesia ken Nyasaland]] | established_date5 = 1 Agosto 1953 | established_event6 = Republika ti Zambia | established_date6 = 24 Oktubre 1964 | established_event7 = [[Batay-linteg ti Zambia|Agdama a batay-linteg]] | established_date7 = 5 Enero 2016 | currency = [[Kwacha ti Zambia]] | currency_code = ZMW | time_zone = [[Oras ti Tegnga nga Aprika|CAT]] | utc_offset = +2 | date_format = aa/bb/tttt | drives_on = kanigid | calling_code = +260 | cctld = [[.zm]] | today = | date_start = | religion_ref = <ref name="const">{{cite web|title=Amended Constitution of Zambia|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/3713564/Constitution-of-Zambia-1991Amended-to-1996|publisher=Government of Zambia|access-date=15 Oktubre 2016|language=en}}</ref> | religion_year = 2010 }} TI '''Zambia''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|z|æ|m|b|i|ə|,_|ˈ|z|ɑː|m|-}}), opisial a ti '''Republika ti Zambia''' ([[Pagsasao nga Ingles|Ingles]]: ''Republic of Zambia''; [[Pagsasao a Bemba|Bemba]]:'' Icalo ca Zambia''; [[Pagsasao a Tonga (Zambia ken Zimbabwe)|Tonga]]: ''Cisi ca Zambia''; [[Pagsasao a Lozi|Lozi]]: ''Naha la Zambia''; [[Pagsasao a Chewa|Nyanja]]: ''Dziko la Zambia''), ket ti maysa a napalikmutan iti daga a pagilian iti pagtutumpongan ti [[Tengnga nga Aprika|Tengnga]], [[Akin-abagatan nga Aprika|Akin-abagatan]] ken Daya nga Aprika.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Henderson|first=Ian|date=1970|title=The Origins of Nationalism in East and Central Africa: The Zambian Case|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/180923|journal=The Journal of African History|volume=11|issue=4|pages=591–603|doi=10.1017/S0021853700010471|jstor=180923|issn=0021-8537|language=en}}</ref> Dagiti kaarrubana ket ti [[Demokratiko a Republika ti Kongo]] iti amianan, [[Tanzania]] iti amianan-daya, [[Malawi]] iti daya, [[Mozambique]] iti abagatan a daya, [[Zimbabwe]] ken [[Botswana]] iti abagatan, [[Namibia]] iti abagatan a laud, ken [[Angola]] iti laud. Ti kapitolio a siudad ti Zambia ket ti [[Lusaka]], a mabirukan iti abagatan-tengnga a parte ti Zambia. Kangrunaan a naikonsentrado ti populasion itilikmut ti [[Lusaka]] iti abagatan ken iti [[Probinsia ti Copperbelt]] iti amianan, dagiti bugas a sentro ti ekonomia ti pagilian. Kasisigud a tinagtagitao dagiti tattao a [[Khoisan]], naapektuan ti rehion babaen ti panagpadakkel ti Bantu iti maikasangapulo ket tallo a siglo. Kalpasan dagiti eksplorador nga Europeano idi maikasangapulo ket walo a siglo, kinolinisado ti Britaniko ti rehion kadagiti protektorado ti Britaniko ti [[Barotseland-Amianan-Akinlaud a Rhodesia]] ken [[Amianan-EAkindaya a Rhodesia]] kadagiti patingga ti maikasangapulo ket siam a siglo. Naitiptipon dagitoy idi 1911 tapno mangbukel ti [[Akin-amianan a Rhodesia]]. Kadagiti kaaduan a paset ti panawen ti kolonia, tinurayan idi ti Zambia babaen ti maysa nga administrasion a naidutok manipud iti Londres a binalbalakadan ti [[Kompania ti Britaniko nga Abagtaan nga Aprika]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=History {{!}} Zambian High Commission|url=https://www.zambiapretoria.net/history/|website=www.zambiapretoria.net|access-date=26 Mayo 2020|language=en}}</ref> Idi 24 Oktubre 1964, nagbalin a nawaya ti Zambia manipud iti Reino Unido ken ni kangrunaan a ministro [[Kenneth Kaunda]] ket nagbalin a ti immuna a [[Presidente ti Zambia|presidente]]. Ti [[Sosialismo|sosialista]] a [[United National Independence Party]] (UNIP) ni Kaunda ket nangitalinaay iti bileg manipud idi 1964 aginggana idi 1991. Nangruna a nagpapel ni Kaunda iti rehional a diplomasia, nga asideg a nakitinnulong iti Estados Unidos iti panagbiruk kadagiti solusion kadagiti suppiat iti Akin-abagatan a Rhodesia (Zimbabwe), Angola, ken Namibia.<ref>Andy DeRoche, ''Kenneth Kaunda, the United States, and Southern Africa'' (London: Bloomsbury, 2016).</ref> Mnaipudidi 1972 aginggana idi 1991, ti Zambia ket maysa idi a [[maysa partido nga estado]] a ti UNIP iti kaikaisuna a legado a politikal a partido babaen ti insasao iti "Maysa a Zambia, Maysa a Pagilian" nga inaramid babaen ni Kaunda. Ni Kaunda ket sinaruno idi babaen ni [[Frederick Chiluba]] ti sosial-demokratiko ti [[Movement for Multi-Party Democracy]] idi 1991, ken nangrugian ti maysa a paset ti panawen ti panagrang-ay ti sosial-ekonomia ken ti disentralisasion ti gobierno. Manipud iti dayta, nagbalinen ti Zambia a kas maysa nga adu ti partidona nga estado ken nakasanay kadagiti nadumaduma a nakappia a transision ti bileg. Aglaon ti Zambia kadagiti adu a masna a rekurso, a mairaman dagiti mineral, naatap a biag, bakbakir, nasadiwa a danum ken maarab a daga.<ref>Karlyn Eckman (FAO, 2007).GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN FORESTRY IN AFRICA ZAMBIA.</ref> Idi 2010, ninaganan ti [[Banko ti Lubong]] ti Zambia a kas maysa kadagiti kapardasan a nareporma nga ekonomia ti pagilian iti lubong.<ref>Ngoma, Jumbe (18 Disiembre 2010). [http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2010/12/18/world-bank-president-praises-reforms-zambia-underscores-need-continued-improvements-policy-governance "World Bank President Praises Reforms In Zambia, Underscores Need For Continued Improvements In Policy And Governance"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014161009/https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2010/12/18/world-bank-president-praises-reforms-zambia-underscores-need-continued-improvements-policy-governance |date=2022-10-14 }}. World Bank.</ref> Naikuartel ti [[Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa]] (COMESA) idiay Lusaka. == Nagan == Ammo idi ti teritorio ti Zambia a kas [[Akin-amianan a Rhodesia]] manipud idi 1911 aginggana idi 1964. Nanaganan manen daytoy a kas Zambia idi Oktubre 1964 kalpasan ti wayawaya manipud iti turay ti Britaniko. Ti nagan a Zambia ket naala manipud iti Karayan [[Zambezi]] (mabalin a kayat a sawen ti Zambezi ken "nalatak a karayan").<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Everett-Heath|first1=John|title=The Concise Dictionary of World Place Names|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qgJCDwAAQBAJ&q=zambezi+name+meaning&pg=PT1589|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=7 Disiembre 2017|isbn=978-0-19-255646-2|language=en}}</ref> == Dagiti nagibasaran == {{reflist}} == Adu pay a mabasbasa == {{Refbegin}} * DeRoche, Andy, ''Kenneth Kaunda, the United States and Southern Africa'' (London: Bloomsbury, 2016) * {{Cite book|first=James|last=Ferguson|title=Expectations of Modernity: Myths and Meanings of Urban Life in the Zambian Copperbelt|url=https://archive.org/details/expectationsofmo00ferg|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|year=1999|isbn=978-0-520-21701-0}} * Gewald, J. B., et al. ''One Zambia, Many Histories: Towards a History of Post-colonial Zambia'' (Brill, 2008) * Ihonvbere, Julius, ''Economic Crisis, Civil Society and Democratisation: The Case of Zambia'' (Africa Research & Publications, 1996) * LaMonica, Christopher, ''Local Government Matters: The Case of Zambia '' (Lambert Academic Publishing, 2010) * Mcintyre, Charles, ''Zambia'', (Bradt Travel Guides, 2008) * Murphy, Alan and Luckham, Nana, ''Zambia and Malawi'', Lonely Planet Multi Country Guide (Lonely Planet Publications, 2010) * Phiri, Bizeck Jube, ''A Political History of Zambia: From the Colonial Period to the 3rd Republic'' (Africa Research & Publications, 2005) * Roberts, Andrew, ''A History of Zambia'' (Heinemann, 1976) * Sardanis, Andrew, ''Africa: Another Side of the Coin: Northern Rhodesia's Final Years and Zambia's Nationhood'' (I. B. Tauris, 2003) {{Refend}} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == {{Commons-nailinia}} {{Wikivoyage-inline|Zambia}} * [http://www.statehouse.gov.zm/ Opisial a website ti gobiernog] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050619081520/http://www.statehouse.gov.zm/ |date=2005-06-19 }} * {{curlie|Regional/Africa/Zambia}} * {{wikiatlas|Zambia}} {{Dagiti pagilian ti Aprika}} {{Kontrol ti autoridad}} [[Kategoria:Zambia| ]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti pagilian idiay Aprika]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti estado a kameng ti Kappon ti Aprika]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti naserraan ti daga a pagilian]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti pagilian ken teritorio nga agsasao ti Ingles]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti estado a kameng ti Mankomunidad ti Pagpagilian]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti kabassitan a naparang-ay a pagilian]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti estado ken teritorio a nabangon idi 1964]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti estado a kameng ti Nagkaykaysa a Pagpagilian]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti Bantu a pagilian ken teritorio]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti mankomunidad a republika]] 0zvnltyaygrl1sl6514mvijy6tqzvwp 0 5065 406708 406554 2026-08-23T03:26:15Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406708 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|44|N|21|E|display=title}} {{Infobox pagilian | conventional_long_name = Republika ti Serbia | native_name = {{patubo a nagan|sr|Република Србија<br />Republika Srbija}} | common_name = Serbia | image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg | image_map = Europe-Serbia.svg | map_caption = Lokasion ti Serbia (berde) ken ti naisuppiatan a teritorio ti [[Kosovo]] (napusasaw a berde)<br />idiay Europa (nangisit a kolordapo). | national_motto = | national_anthem =[[Bože pravde|Боже правде<br />Bože pravde]]<br />{{small|''Dios ti Hustisia''}}<br />[[Papeles:Serbian National Anthem, instrumental.oga|center]] | capital = [[Belgrade]] | coordinates = {{Coord|44|48|N|20|28|E|type:city}} | largest_city = kapitolio | official_languages = [[Pagsasao a Serbio|Serbio]] | ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 83% [[Tattao a Serbio|Serbio]] | 3.5% [[Tattao a Hungaro idiay Serbia|Hungararo]] | 2% [[Tattao a Roma idiay Serbia|Roma]] | 2% [[Tattao a Bosnio idiay Serbia|Bosnio]] | {{nowrap|9% dadduma pay}} | {{small|(malaksid ti Kosovo)}} }} | ethnic_groups_year = 2011<ref>http://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/Popis2011/Nacionalna%20pripadnost-Ethnicity.pdf</ref> | demonym = [[Tattao a Serbio|Serbio]] | government_type = [[Unitario nga estado|Unitario]] a [[Parlamentario a sistema|parlamentario]]<br>a [[Republika|batay-linteg a republika]] | leader_title1 = [[Presidente ti Serbia|Presidente]] | leader_name1 = [[:sr:Александар Вучић|Aleksandar Vučić]] (Александар Вучић) | leader_title2 = [[Kangrunaan a Ministro ti Serbia|Kangrunaan a Ministro]] | leader_name2 = [[Đuro Macut]] (Ђуро Мацут) | leader_title3 = [[Presidente ti Nailian nga Asemblia ti Serbia|Presidente ti Nailian nga Asemblia]] | leader_name3 = [[:sr:Ана Брнабић|Ana Brnabić]] (Ана Брнабић) | legislature = [[Nailian nga Asemblia ti Serbia|Nailian nga Asemblia]] | sovereignty_type = [[Pakasaritaan ti Serbia|Pannakaporma]] | established_event1 = {{nowrap|[[Prinsipalidad ti Serbia (mediebal)|Mediebal nga estado]]}} | established_date1 = naladaw a maika-8 a siglo | established_event2 = {{nowrap|[[Pagarian ti Serbia (mediebal)|Pagarian ti Serbia]]}} | established_date2 = 1217 | established_event3 = {{nowrap|[[Imperio ti Serbia]]}} | established_date3 = 1346 | established_event4 = {{nowrap|[[Despotado ti Serbia|Panagrukma ti Otomano]]}} | established_date4 = 1459 | established_event5 = {{nowrap|[[Prinsipalidad ti Serbia]]}} | established_date5 = 1817 | established_event6 = {{nowrap|[[Pagarian ti Serbia]]}} | established_date6 = 1882 | established_event7 = [[Pagarian ti Yugoslavia|Panagkaykaysa idiay Yugoslavia]] | established_date7 = 1918 | established_event8 = {{nowrap|Nawaya a republika}} | established_date8 = 2006 | area_km2 = 88361 | area_label = Mairaman ti Kosovo{{efn|name=Kosovo|{{Kosovo-note}}}} | area_rank = Maika-111 | area_sq_mi = <!-- 34,116--> | area_label2 = Malaksid ti Kosovo{{efn|name=Kosovo|{{Kosovo-note}}}} | area_data2 = {{pagbaliwen|77474|km2|abbr=on}}<ref name="cia_profile">{{cite web |url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/serbia/ |title = The World Factbook: Serbia |publisher = Central Intelligence Agency |date = 20 Hunio 2014 |access-date = 18 Disiembre 2014 |language = en |archive-date = 2021-02-04 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210204144154/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/serbia/ |url-status = dead }}</ref> <!-- | percent_water = 0.13 {{small|(mairaman tiKosovo)}}{{efn|name=Kosovo|{{Kosovo-note}}}} -->| population_estimate = {{DecreaseNeutral}} 6,926,705 {{small|(malaksid ti Kosovo)}}<ref name="stat.gov.rs">{{cite web |url = http://www.stat.gov.rs/ |title = PBC stats |year = 2020 |website = stat.gov.rs }}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2020 | population_estimate_rank = Maika-105 | population_density_km2 = 89 | population_density_sq_mi = 211 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | population_density_rank = Maika-95 | GDP_PPP = {{decrease}} $130.6 billion {{small|malaksid ti Kosovo)}}{{efn|name=Kosovo|{{Kosovo-note}}}}<ref name="IMFWEORS" /> | GDP_PPP_year = 2020 | GDP_PPP_rank = Maika-78 | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $18,840 {{small|(malaksid ti Kosovo)}}{{efn|name=Kosovo|{{Kosovo-note}}}}<ref name="IMFWEORS">{{cite web |url = https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2020/October/weo-report?c=942,&s=NGDP_RPCH,NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,PCPIPCH,&sy=2018&ey=2025&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1.x=32&pr1.y=2&c=942&s=NGDP_RPCH%2CNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title = World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020 |publisher = [[International Monetary Fund]] |website = IMF.org |access-date = 16 Disiembre 2020 |language=en}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank= Maika-66 | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $52&nbsp;bilion {{small|(malaksid ti Kosovo)}}{{efn|name=Kosovo|{{Kosovo-note}}}}<ref name="IMFWEORS" /> | GDP_nominal_year = 2020 | GDP_nominal_rank = Maika-84 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $7,497 {{small|(malaksid ti Kosovo)}}{{efn|name=Kosovo|{{Kosovo-note}}}}<ref name="IMFWEORS" /> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = Maika-75 | Gini = 33.3 <!-- number only --> | Gini_year = 2019 | Gini_change = decrease <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url = https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&language=en&pcode=tessi190&plugin=1 |title = Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey |publisher = Eurostat |website = ec.europa.eu |access-date = 16 Disiembre 2020 }}</ref> | HDI = 0.806 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2019<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year --> | HDI_change = increase<!-- increase/decrease/steady --> | HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url = http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2019.pdf |title = 2019 Human Development Report |year = 2019 |access-date = 9 Disiembre 2019 |publisher = United Nations Development Programme }}</ref> | HDI_rank = Maika-64 | currency = [[Dinar ti Serbia]] | currency_code = RSD | time_zone = [[Oras ti Tengnga nga Europa|CET]] | utc_offset = [[UTC+1|+1]] | utc_offset_DST = [[UTC+2|+2]] | time_zone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] | drives_on = kanawan | calling_code = +381 | cctld = {{unbulleted list |[[.rs]] |[[.срб]]}} | today = }} Ti '''Serbia''', opisial a ti '''Republika ti Serbia''' ({{lang-sr|Republika Srbija, Република Србија}}, {{IPA-sh|repǔblika sř̩bija|pron}}), ket ti [[naturay nga estado]] a mabirukan kadagiti pagsasabtan a nagbaetan ti [[Tengnga nga Europa|Sentral]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://globaledge.msu.edu/countries/serbia|title=Serbia: Introduction|publisher= Michigan State University|date=|accessdate=3 Oktubre 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://balkans360.com/serbia/|title=Serbia|publisher=Balkans 360|work=Southeastern Europe Travel Guide|date=|accessdate=3 Oktubre 2014|archive-date=2014-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006084127/http://balkans360.com/serbia/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Serbia: On the Way to EU Accession">{{cite web|url=http://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2013/04/08/serbia-on-the-way-to-eu-accession|title=Serbia: On the Way to EU Accession|publisher=World Bank Group|date=|accessdate=21 Oktubre 2014|archive-date=2015-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520191507/http://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2013/04/08/serbia-on-the-way-to-eu-accession|url-status=dead}}</ref> ken [[Abagatan a daya nga Europa]], a mangsakop ti akin-abagatan a parte ti [[Labneng Panonika|Tanap Panonika]] ken ti sentral a [[Balkan]]. Ti Serbia ket [[naserraan ti daga a pagilian|naserraan ti daga]] ken pagbeddenganna ti [[Hungaria]] iti amianan; ti [[Romania]] ken [[Bulgaria]] iti daya; ti [[Amianan a Macedonia]] iti abagatan; ken ti [[Kroasia]], [[Bosnia ken Herzegovina|Bosnia]], ken [[Montenegro]] iti laud; daytoy ket mangtunton pay ti pagbeddenganna iti [[Albania]] babaen ti [[politikal a kasasaad ti Kosovo|naisuppiatan]] a teritorio ti [[Kosovo]]. Ti kapitolio ti Serbia ti [[Belgrade]] ket maysa kadagiti kadakkelan a siudad idiay Abagatan a daya nga Europa. Manipud kadagiti senso idi 2011, ti Serbia (malaksid ti Kosovo) ket addaan iti dagup ti populasion iti a 7.2 a riwriw. == Dagiti nota == {{notelist}} {{NoteFoot}} == Dagiti nagibasaran == {{Reflist}} * {{cite book | last = Albala | first = Ken | title = Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia | url = https://archive.org/details/foodculturesofwo0003unse | year = 2011 | publisher = ABC-CLIO | location = Santa Barbara, California, US | isbn = 0-313-37627-1 }} *{{cite web|authorlink=|first=Vladimir|last=Ćorović|url=http://www.rastko.rs/rastko-bl/istorija/corovic/istorija/index_l.html|title=Історија српског народа (Istorija srpskog naroda)|publisher=Пројекат Растко: Библиотека српске културе; Projekat Rastko: Biblioteka srpske kulture|language=Serbio|year=1941|work=Internet, 2001)}} * {{cite book | last=Ćirković | first=Sima M. | authorlink=| title=The Serbs | publisher=Wiley-Blackwell | year=2004 | url=http://books.google.com/?id=sJJWEnXTHdIC | isbn=0-631-20471-7 }} * {{cite book | last=Fine | first=John Van Antwerp | title=The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century | url=https://archive.org/details/earlymedievalbal0000fine | publisher=The University of Michigan Press | location=Michigan | year=1991 | isbn=0-472-08149-7}} * {{Cite book | first = John Van Antwerp | last = Fine | title = The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century | publisher = University of Michigan Press | year = 1991 | isbn = 978-0-472-08149-3 | url=http://books.google.com/?id=Y0NBxG9Id58C }} *{{Include-USGov|agency=Library of Congress Country Studies|url={{{url|http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/}}}}} *{{CIA World Factbook}} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == {{Commons-nailinia}} {{Wikivoyage-inline|Serbia}} *{{Opisial a website}} *[http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/serbia.htm Serbia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829212325/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/serbia.htm |date=2012-08-29 }} manipud iti ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''. *{{dmoz|Regional/Europe/Serbia}} *[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17907947 Bariweswes ti Serbia] manipud iti BBC News. *{{wikiatlas|Serbia}} *{{CIA World Factbook link|ri|Serbia}} {{Union ti Europa}} {{Europa}} {{Kontrol ti autoridad}} {{heograpia-pungol}} [[Kategoria:Serbia| ]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti pagilian idiay Europa]] [[Kategoria:Balkan]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti Eslabo a pagilian ken teritorio]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti pagilian ken teritorio nga agsasao ti Serbo-Kroata]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti republika]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti naserraan ti daga a pagilian]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti estado ken teritorio a nabangon idi 2006]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti estado a kameng ti Nagkaykaysa a Pagpagilian]] j5izvv8hr314u5p3imyoqgc5c09zlm6 0 17912 406709 406650 2026-08-23T03:30:28Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406709 wikitext text/x-wiki {{titulo nga italiko}} [[Papeles:Baysonghori Shahnameh 1.jpg|250px|thumb|Ti nasayaat a nailuminado a dua nga umuna a panid ti Baysonghori ''Shahnameh'']] Ti '''''Shahnameh''''' wenno '''''Shahnama''''' ({{lang-fa|شاهنامه}} {{IPA-fa|ʃɒːhnɒːˈme|pron}}, "Ti Libro dagiti Ari") ket ti atiddog nga [[epiko a daniw]] a sinurat babaen ti [[Persiano a literatura|Persiano a mannaiw]] a ni [[Ferdowsi]] idi baetan ti c. 977 ken 1010 CE ken daytoy ti [[nailian nga epiko]] ti [[Kalatakan nga Iran]]. Daytoy ket buklen dagiti 60,000 a berso,<ref name='"TIO20100513"'>{{cite web|last=Lalani|first=Farah|title=A thousand years of Firdawsi’s Shahnama is celebrated|url=http://www.theismaili.org/cms/998/A-thousand-years-of-Firdawsis-Shahnama-is-celebrated|work=The Ismaili|accessdate=24 Mayo 2010|date=13 Mayo 2010|archive-date=2013-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130805175227/http://www.theismaili.org/cms/998/A-thousand-years-of-Firdawsis-Shahnama-is-celebrated|url-status=dead}}</ref> ti ''Shahnameh'' ket isu ti kaatiddogan nga epiko a sinurat babaen ti maymaysa a mannaniw iti lubong. Daytoy ket kangrunaan a mangibaga ti [[Persiano a mitolohia|mitiko]] ken ti dadduma ti historikal a napalabas ti [[Persiano nga Imeprio]] manipud iti pannakapartuat ti lubong aginggana ti [[Islamiko a panagrukma ti Persia]] idi maika-7 a siglo. Ita nga aldaw ti [[Iran]], [[Apganistan]] ken ti kaaduan iti [[Kalatakan nga Iran|rehion]] a naimpluensiaan babaen ti [[Persiano a kultura]] (a kas it [[Georgia (pagilian)|Georgia]], [[Armenia]], [[Turkia]], ken [[Dagestan]]) ket mangselebrar iti daytoy a nailian nga epiko. Ti obra ket ket sentral iti kinapangruna iti [[Persiano a kultura]], ken naipammategan a literario a maestra obra, ken depenitibo iti etno-nasional a kultural nga identidad ti moderno nga aldaw nga Iran ken Apganistan.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ashraf|first=Ahmad|title=Iranian Identity iii. Medieval Islamic Period|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iranian-identity-iii-medieval-islamic-period|work=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]|accessdate=1 Abril 2010|date=30 Marso 2012}}</ref> Daytoy ket nangruna pay kadagiti kontemporaneo nga agraraem iti [[Soroastrianismo]], gapu ta daytoy ket tugotanna ti historikal a silsilpo a nagbaetan dagiti ununa ti relihion iti ipupusay ti [[Pannakatnag ti Sasanida nga Imperio|naudi a Sasanida a nagturay]] ti Persia idi las-ud ti panagrukma ti Muslim ken ti panagpatingga ti impluensia ti Soroastrianismo idiay Iran. [[Papeles:Baysonghori Shahnameh 3 Faramarz son of Rostam mourns the death of his father and of his uncle Zavareh.jpg|230px|thumb|Ni Faramarz, anak a lalaki ni Rostam, ket agladladingit iti ipupusay ti amana, ken ti ulitegna, a ni Zavareh.]] == Komposision == [[Papeles:The assassination of Chosroës Parvez.jpg|270px|thumb|left|Ti pannakaasasinado ni [[Khosrau II]] iti manuskrito ti [[Mughal nga Imperio|Mughal a Panawen]] idi 535]] Ni Ferdowsi ket nangrugrugi a nangsurat ti ''Shahnameh'' idi977 A.D ken nakompletona daytoy idi 8 Marso 1010.<ref>{{cite web|last=Khaleghi-Motlagh|first=Djalal|title=Ferdowsi, Abu'l Qāsem i. Life|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ferdowsi-i|work=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]]|accessdate=27 Mayo 2012|date=26 Enero 2012|quote=the poet refers... to the date of the ''Šāh-nāma''’s completion as the day of Ard (i.e., 25th) of Esfand in the year 378 Š. (400 Lunar)/8 Marso 1010}}</ref> Ti ''Shahnameh'' ket monumento ti daniw ken [[historiograpia]], gapu ta nangruna daytoy a daniw a panangibaga manen ni [[Ferdowsi]], dagiti kontemporaneona, ken dagiti sinarununa a kas naikeddeng a pannakalagip ti taga-ugma a pakasaritaan ti [[Iran]]. Adu kadagiti kastoy a pannakalagip ket addan kadagiti prosa,ti maysa a kas pagarigan ket ti ''Shahnameh'' ni [[Abu-Mansur Daqiqi]]. Ti bassit a paset ti obra ni Ferdowsi, kadagiti pasahe a naiwarwaras iti amin a paset ti ''Shahnameh'', ket intero daytoy a bukodna a pinarnuay. Ti ''Shahnameh'' ket maysa nga epiko a daniw kadagiti sumurok a 50,000 dagiti dua a linia ti metro, a naisurat idi nasapa a [[Moderno a Persiano]]. Daytoy ket kangrunaan a naibatay iti obra a prosa iti isu met laeng nga inumnong iti nasapa a biag ni Ferdowsi iti natibona a [[Tus, Iran|Tus]]. Daytoy a prosa ti ''Shahnameh'' ket kaaduan met a patarus iti obra a Pahlavi ([[tengnga a Persiano]]), nga ammo a kas ti ''X^wadāynāmag'' ("Libro dagiti Ari"), ti naudi nga umnong ti [[Sasanida nga Imperio|Sasanida]] iti pakasaritaan dagiti ari ti Persia manipud dagiti mitiko a panawen aginggana ti panagturay ni [[Khosrau II]] (590–628). Ti ''X^wadāynāmag'' ket naglaon iti historikal a pakaammo iti naud-udi a paset ti panawen ti Sasanida, ngem agparparang a saan a nangala iti ania man a historikal a tataudan para iti nasapsapa a paset ti panawen ti Sasanida (maika-3 aginggana ti maika-4 a sigsiglo).<ref>{{cite book|last=Zaehner|first=Robert Charles|title=Zurvan: a Zoroastrian Dilemma|year=1955|publisher=Biblo and Tannen|isbn=0-8196-0280-9|page=10}}</ref> Ni Ferdowsi ket nanginayon ti meterial a nangituloy ti istoria aginggana pannakaabak dagiti Sasanida babaen dagiti Arabo iti tegnga ti maika-7 a siglo. Ti immuna a nangpadas iti panagaramid kadagiti berso iti kroniko ti Pahlavi ket ni Abu-Mansur Daqiqi, ti kontemporaneo ni Ferdowsi, ti mannaniw iti korte dagiti [[Samanida nga Imperio|Samanida]], a napatinggaan iti naranggas kalapsan ti pannakakomplto dagiti 1,000 a berso. Dagitoy a berso, a naipanggep iti irurumsua ti propeta [[Zoroastro]], ket nairaman kalpasanna babaen ni Ferdowsi, nga inakuna iti bukodna a daniw. Ti estilo ti ''Shahnameh'' ket mangipakpakita dagiti pakailasinan iti naisurat ken naisao a literatura . Adda met dagiti nagtunton a ni Ferdowsi ket nagusar pay ti Zoroastriano a ''nasks'', ken nagusar pay ti taudan manipud iti ''[[Chihrdad]]'' a napukaw itan. Dagiti adu pay a taudan ti [[Pahlavi a sinuratan|Pahlavi]] ket nausar iti panagsurat ti epiko, tikadayegan iti daytoyket ti [[Kārnāmag-ī Ardaxšīr-ī Pābagān]], a kasisigud a naisurat idi las-ud ti naladaw a panawen ti Sasanida ken nangited kadagiti panaglagip no kasano a nagturay ni [[Ardashir I]] ken gapu iti daytoy a historikal a kaasideg, daytoy ket naipagpagarup a umiso unay. Ti teksto ket naisurat iti naladaw a Tengnga a Persiano, ken isu daytoy ti dagus a nagtaudan ti [[Pagsasao a Persiano|Moderno a Persiano]]. Isu a ti adu a paset dagiti historikal a kroniko a naited iti ''Shahnameh'' ket naibatay iti daytoy nga epiko ken adda met ti pudno a nadumaduma nga insasao ken dagiti balikas a mabalin a maipada iti nagbaetan dagiti dua a nagtaudan segun kenni [[Zabihollah Safa]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Safa|first=Zabihollah|title=Hamase-sarâ’i dar Iran, Tehran 1945|year=2000}}</ref> Segun ti maysa a panaglagip kadagiti taudan, ti Persiano nga agnagan iti Dehqan iti korte ni Ari [[Khosrau I|Anushehrawan]] Dadgar ken nagsurat ti adu ti tomona a libro iti porma ti prosa, nga ammo kas ti ''Khoday Nameh''. Kalpasan ti pannakatnag ti [[Sasanida nga Imperio|Irani nga Imperio]], ti ''Khoday Nameh'' ket nagbalin a tagikua ni Ari [[Ya'qub-i Laith Saffari|Yaqub Lais]] ken kalapasanna ti ari ti [[Samani]] a ni [[Nuh I|Nuh]] ket binilinna ni mannaniw a ni Daqiqi a mangkompleto, ngem ni Daqiqi pinatay met idi ti aadipenna. Ni Ferdowsi ket nakaala iti libro manipud iti gayyemna. == Dagiti taudan ken dagiti nagibasaran == Ti mannaniw a ni Moniruddin Yusuf (1919–1987) ket nangipatrus ti napno a bersion ti 'Shahnameh' iti pagsasao a Bengali (1963–1981). Daytoy ket naipablaak babaen ti Nailian nga Organisasion ti Bangladesh 'Bangla nga Akademia', kadagiti 6 a tomo, idi Pebrero 1991. === Persiano a teksto === * A. E. Bertels (editor), ''Shax-nāme: Kriticheskij Tekst'', 9 a tomtomo (Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Nauka, 1960–71) (maipapan ti eskolar a Persiano a teksto) * Jalal Khāleghi Motlagh (editor), ''Ti Shahnameh'', kadagiti 12 a tomo a buklen dagiti walo a tomo ti teksto ken uppat a tomo dagiti panagipalpalawag a nota. (Bibliotheca Persica, 1988–2009) (maipapan iti eskolar a Persiano a teksto). Kitaen ti: [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/center-for-iranian-studies/programs-and-pubs/main/projects/shahnameh.html Sentro para kadagiti Irani a Panagadadal, Unibersidad ti Columbia]. === Dagiti pannakaampon === * [http://shop.theshahnameh.com/products/rostam-tales-of-the-shahnameh ''Rostam: Sarsarita manipud iti Shahnameh'' (Nangipablaak: Hyperwerks 2005), ''Ti Sarita ni Rostam ken Sohrab''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140806041102/http://shop.theshahnameh.com/products/rostam-tales-of-the-shahnameh |date=2014-08-06 }} {{ISBN|0-9770213-1-9}}, moderno nga Ingles a Grapiko a Nobela. * [http://shop.theshahnameh.com/products/rostam-return-of-the-king ''Rostam: Panagsubli ti Ari'' (Nangipablaak: Hyperwerks 2007), ''Ti Sarita ni Kai-Kavous ken Soodabeh''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140806054323/http://shop.theshahnameh.com/products/rostam-return-of-the-king |date=2014-08-06 }} {{ISBN|0-9770213-2-7}}, moderno nga Ingles a Grapiko a Nobela. * [http://shop.theshahnameh.com/products/rostam-battle-with-the-deevs ''Rostam: Pannakigubat Kadagiti Deev'' (Nangipablaak: Hyperwerks 2008), ''Ti Sarita ti Sairo a Puraw a Deev''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090401213514/http://shop.theshahnameh.com/products/rostam-battle-with-the-deevs |date=2009-04-01 }} {{ISBN|978-0-9770213-3-8}}, moderno nga Ingles a Grapiko a Nobela. * [http://shop.theshahnameh.com/products/search-for-the-king ''Rostam: Panagbiruk ti Ari'' (Nangipablaak: Hyperwerks 2010), ''Ti Sarita ti Kinaubing ni Rostam''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110119133325/http://shop.theshahnameh.com/products/search-for-the-king |date=2011-01-19 }} {{ISBN|978-0-9770213-4-5}}, moderno nga Ingles a Grapiko a Nobela. == Adu pay a mabasbasa == * Shirzad Aghaee, ''Imazh-ha-ye mehr va mah dar Shahnama-ye Ferdousi'' (Init ken Bulan iti Shahnama ni [[Ferdousi]], Spånga, Suesia, 1997. ({{ISBN|91-630-5369-1}}) * Shirzad Aghaee, ''Nam-e kasan va ja'i-ha dar Shahnama-ye Ferdousi'' (Dagiti Personalidad ken Luglugar iti Shahnama ni [[Ferdousi]], Nyköping, Suesia, 1993. ({{ISBN|91-630-1959-0}}) == Paammo == {{Reflist}} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == {{commons-nailinia}} {{Wikisource-inline|Shah Nameh}} * [http://www.iranchamber.com/literature/shahnameh/characters_ferdowsi_shahname.php Iraj Bashiri, ''Dagiti karakter ti Shahnameh'' ni Ferdowsi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807033509/http://www.iranchamber.com/literature/shahnameh/characters_ferdowsi_shahname.php |date=2020-08-07 }}. * Encyclopædia Iranica iti [http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/baysongori-sah-nama ''Baysonghori Shahnameh''] *[http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/search/?q=Shahnama+of+Firdawsi&prev_q=book+of+kings&x=0&y=0 Pampanid manipud iti ''Ilustrado a Manuskrito ti Shahnama''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141028173720/http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/opencollection/search/?q=Shahnama+of+Firdawsi&prev_q=book+of+kings&x=0&y=0 |date=2014-10-28 }} *[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/khan6/hd_khan6.htm Dagiti Polieto manipud iti Nalatak a Mongol a Shahnama] * [http://shahnama.caret.cam.ac.uk/new/jnama/page/ Ti Proyekto ''Shahnameh''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171028142344/http://shahnama.caret.cam.ac.uk/new/jnama/page/ |date=2017-10-28 }} * [http://www.iranchamber.com/geography/articles/ancient_iran_geographical_position_shahnameh.php Heograpiko a Puesto ti Taga-ugma nga Iran iti Shah-Nameh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303184803/http://www.iranchamber.com/geography/articles/ancient_iran_geographical_position_shahnameh.php |date=2016-03-03 }} * [http://cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/MS-ADD-00269/1 Ti nasayaat a naipalawag ken gangani kompleto a kopia ti Shahnamah] ; Patarus iti Ingles: * Helen Zimmern, 1883, [http://www.iranchamber.com/literature/shahnameh/shahnameh.php ''Kagimongan ti Kamara ti Iran''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109215943/http://www.iranchamber.com/literature/shahnameh/shahnameh.php |date=2020-11-09 }}, [http://classics.mit.edu/Ferdowsi/kings.html ''MIT''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110106124347/http://classics.mit.edu/Ferdowsi/kings.html |date=2011-01-06 }} * Arthur ken Edmond Warner, 1905–1925, (kadagiti siam a tomo) iti Internet Archive: [http://www.archive.org/details/shahnama01firduoft 1], [http://www.archive.org/details/shahnama02firduoft 2], [http://www.archive.org/details/shahnama03firduoft 3], [http://www.archive.org/details/shahnama04firduoft 4], [http://www.archive.org/details/shahnama05firduoft 5], [http://www.archive.org/details/shahnama06firduoft 6], [http://www.archive.org/details/shahnama07firduoft 7], [http://www.archive.org/details/shahnama08firduoft 8], [http://www.archive.org/details/shahnama09firduoft 9] *[http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/36222/rec/1 Ti libro ti ari kadagiti ari: ti Shah-nameh ti Shah Tahmasp] [[Kategoria:Shahnameh]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti epiko a daniw iti Persiano]] [[Kategoria:Persiano a literatura]] [[Kategoria:Persiano a mitolohia]] [[Kategoria:Persiano a liblibro]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti nailian a simbolo ti Iran]] [[Kategoria:Nangruna nga artikulo]] h7f3sqq35bbqlle0vbqcmvjnzxwr6gw 0 18457 406707 406350 2026-08-23T03:25:30Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406707 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox tao |background = direktor |name = Satyajit Ray |image = SatyajitRay.jpg |caption = Ti ladawan ni Satyajit Ray |birth_date = {{Petsa ti pannakaipasngay|df=yes|1921|5|2}} |birth_place = [[Calcutta]], [[Bengal]], [[Britaniko a Raj|Britaniko nga India]] |death_date = {{Petsa ti ipupusay ken tawen|df=yes|1992|4|23|1921|5|2}} |death_place = Calcutta |occupation = Direktor ti pelikula, produser, mannurat ti senario, mannurat, direktor ti musika, letrista |years_active = 1950–91 |influences = |spouse = {{pannakiasawa|[[Bijoya Ray|Bijoya Das]] |1949|1992}} | signature = <!--Satyajit Ray Signature.jpg--> | signature_alt = Pirma iti Inggles ni Satyajit Ray | signature_size = }} Ni '''Satyajit Ray''' ({{Audio|SatyajitRay2.ogg|''সত্যজিৎ রায়''}}; 2 Mayo 1921{{spaced ndash}}23 Abril 1992) ket maysa idi nga Indiano nga agparpartuat ti pelikula. Isu ket naipanpanunotan a kas maysa kadagiti kalatakan nga apo iti lubong ti sinema. Malaksid ti panagparpartuat ti pelikula, ni Ray ket nagsursurat pay kadagiti sarita ken nagiparang-ay ti kabukbukodanna nga estilo ti panagsurat. Isu ket ammo pay para kadagiti obrana iti kaligrapo ken panangipaskil. Ni Ray ket naipasngay idi idiay siudad ti [[Calcutta]] iti maysa a pamiulia ti [[Tattao a Bengali|Bengali]] a nadayeg kadagiti lubong ti arte ken literatura. Isu ket nangrugrugi ti karrerna a kas maysa nga artista ti panagipaskil, ni Ray ket naaw-awis iti panagaramid iti [[nawaya a pelikula]] kalpasan ti pannakammona iti Pranses nga agparpartuat iti pelikula a ni [[Jean Renoir]] ket ti panakabuyana ti pelikula ''[[Dagiti Mannanakaw ti Bisikleta]] ni ''[[Vittorio De Sica]] ti [[Italiano a neorealismo|Italiano a neorealista]] idi nagbisita idiay Londres. == Paammo == {{Reflist}} == Dagiti nagibasaran == <!-- naurnos nga alpabetiko --> {{Refbegin}} * {{Cite book |editor = Biswas, M |year = 2006 |title = Apu ken kalpasan: Panagsarungkar manen dagiti sinema ni Ray |publisher = Seagull Books |isbn = 978-1-905422-25-8 }}. * {{Cite book |last1 = Cooper |given1 = D |year = 2000 |title = Ti Sinema ni Satyajit Ray: Baetan ti Tradision ken Modernidad |url = http://assets.cambridge.org/052162/0260/sample/0521620260WSN01.pdf |publisher = Pagmalditan ti Unibersidad ti Cambridge |isbn = 0-521-62980-2 |access-date = 2012-10-30 |archive-date = 2017-08-16 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170816185154/http://assets.cambridge.org/052162/0260/sample/0521620260WSN01.pdf |url-status = dead }}. * {{Cite book |last1 = Dasgupta |given1 = C |year = 1996 |title = Ti Sinema ni Satyajit Ray |publisher = Penguin India |isbn = 0-14-024780-7 }}. * {{Cite book |last1 = Ganguly |given1 = S |year = 2001 |title = Satyajit Ray: Iti panagsukimat ti moderno |publisher = Indialog |isbn = 81-87981-04-0 }}. * Ishaghpour, Y (2002). ''Satyajit Ray, l'Orient et l'Occident'', Editions de la Différence, nga urnong: Les essais, Pransia. {{ISBN|2-7291-1401-7}} * {{Cite journal |last1 = Mitra |given1 = S |year = 1983 |title = Ti henio ni Satyajit Ray |journal = India Today }}. * {{Cite book |last1 = Nandy |given1 = A |year = 1995 |chapter = Sekreto a Pagsurotan kadagiti Naiparungbo a Panagpapatay ni Satyajit Ray |title = The Savage Freud and Other Essays on Possible and Retrievable Selves |url = https://archive.org/details/savagefreudother00nand |publisher = Pagmalditan ti Unibersidad ti Princeton |isbn = 0-691-04410-4 }}. * {{Cite book |last1 = Nyce |given1 = B |year = 1988 |title = Satyajit Ray: Ti Panagadal kadagiti Pelikulana |url = https://archive.org/details/satyajitraystudy0000nyce |publisher = Praeger Publishers |isbn = 0-275-92666-4 }}. * {{Cite book |last1 = Ray |given1 = S |year = 1993 |edition = 3 |title = Dagiti Pelikula tayo, dagiti pelikulada |url = https://archive.org/details/ourfilmstheirfil0000rays |publisher = Asia Book Corp iti Amer |isbn = 0-86311-317-6 }}. * {{Cite book |last1 = Ray |given1 = S |year = 1994 |title = Dagiti Tawtawenko kenni Apu |publisher = Viking |isbn= 0-670-86215-0 }}. * {{Cite book |last1 = Ray |given1 = S |year = 2005 |title = Agsarsarita kadagiti pelikula |url = https://archive.org/details/speakingoffilms0000rays |publisher = Penguin India |isbn = 0-14-400026-1 }}. * {{Cite book |last1 = Robinson |given1 = A |year = 2003 |title = Satyajit Ray: Ti Akin-uneg a may=ta: Ti Biograpia ti maysa nga Apo ti Agparpartuat iti Pelikula |publisher = I. B. Tauris |isbn = 1-86064-965-3 }}. * {{Cite book |last1 = Robinson |given1 = A |year = 2005 |title = Satyajit Ray: Ti Sirmata ti Pelikula |publisher = I. B. Tauris |isbn = 1-84511-074-9 }}. * {{Cite book |last1 = Rushdie |given1 = S |year = 1992 |title = Dagiti Naipagpagarupan a Pagilain |url = https://archive.org/details/imaginaryhomelan00rush_0 |publisher = Penguin |isbn = 0-14-014036-0 }}. * {{Cite book |last1 = Santas |given1 = Konstantino |year = 2002 |title =Panagsungbat ti pelikula: Ti Teksto a Pagsurotan dagiti Estudiante ti Arte a Sinema |url = https://archive.org/details/respondingtofilm0000sant |publisher = Rowman & Littlefield |isbn =0-8304-1580-7 }}. * {{Cite book |last1 = Seton |given1 = Marie |authorlink=Marie Seton |year = 1971 |title = Satyajit Ray: Ladawan ti maysa a direktor |url = https://archive.org/details/portraitofdirect0000seto |publisher = Pagmalditan ti Unibersidad ti Indiana |isbn = 0-253-16815-5 }}. * {{Cite book |last1 = Wood |given1 = R |year = 1972 |title = Ti Apu a trilohia |publisher = November Books Ltd |isbn = 0-85631-003-4 }}. {{Refend}} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == {{Aglaon ti teksto nga Indio}} {{Wikiquote-inline|Satyajit Ray}} {{Commonscat-inline|Satyajit Ray}} {{pungol-nangruna}} {{Kontrol ti autoridad}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ray, Satyajit}} [[Kategoria:1921 a pannakaipasngay]] [[Kategoria:1992 nga ipupusay]] mu4gg4g6dfkipo3iyg5h2qn2fefe08r 0 45525 406702 403173 2026-08-22T21:21:33Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406702 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Acapulco de Juárez |name = Acapulco |other_name = |native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English --> |nickname = |settlement_type = Siudad ken munisipalidad |total_type = Munisipalidad |motto = |image_skyline = Acapulco Collage 2013.jpg |image_caption = |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_shield = AyuAcaEscudo.png |image_map = |map_caption = |pushpin_map = Mehiko |pushpin_label_position = above |pushpin_mapsize = |pushpin_map_caption = Lokasion idiay Mehiko <!-- Location ------------------> |subdivision_type = Pagilian |subdivision_name = Mehiko |subdivision_type1 = [[Dagiti estado ti Mehiko|Estado]] |subdivision_name1 = Guerrero |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = <!-- Politics -----------------> |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = Munisipal a presidente |leader_name = Luis Walton (2012–15) |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |established_title = Napundar |established_date = 1520s |established_title2 = Munisipal a kasasaad |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> |area_magnitude = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 1880.60 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = 85 |area_metro_km2 = 3538.5 <!-- Population -----------------------> |population_as_of = 2012 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 687608 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_metro = 1021000 |population_demonym = Acapulqueño (a)<br />[[Porteño]] (a) <!-- General information ---------------> |timezone = [[Central Standard Time|CST]] |utc_offset = −6 |timezone_DST = [[Central Daylight Time|CDT]] |utc_offset_DST = −5 |coordinates = {{coord|16|51|49|N|99|52|57|W|region:MX|display=inline,title}} |elevation_point = iti tugaw |elevation_m = 30 <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> |postal_code_type =Kodigo ti koreo |postal_code = 39300-39937 |area_code = 744 |website = {{Opisial a website|http://www.acapulco.gob.mx}} {{iti sao|es}} |footnotes = }} Ti '''Acapulco de Juárez''' ({{IPA-es|akaˈpulko de ˈxwaɾes|lang}}), kadawyan a makunkuna nga '''Acapulco''', ket ti siudad, [[Dagiti ili ti Mehiko|munisipalidad]] ken nangruna a puerto ti baybay iti [[Politikal a pannakabingbingay ti Mehiko|estado]] ti [[Guerrero]] idiay aplaya ti Pasipiko ti Mehiko, iti {{pagbaliwen|380|km}} iti abagatan ti [[Siudad ti Mehiko]]. Ti Acapulco ket mabirukan iti nauneg, ti kasla nagtimbukel a luek ken puerto daytoyen manipud idi nasapa a kolonial a panawen ti pakasaritaan ti Mehiko.<ref name="encmuc">{{cite web |url=http://www.e-local.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/guerrero/municipios/12001a.htm |title=Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México Estado de Guerrero Acapulco de Juárez |publisher=INAFED |location=Mexico |language=Espaniol |accessdate=Enero 10, 2010 |archive-date=2007-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930033438/http://www.e-local.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/guerrero/municipios/12001a.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Daytoy ket puerto a papanan dagiti bapor ken dagiti panglinglingayan a bapor a mapmapan iti baetan ti Panama ken San Francisco, California, Estados Unidos.<ref name="apiacapulco">{{cite web |url= http://www.apiacapulcoport.com/whois_api.html |title= History of API Acapulco |publisher= Administracion Portuaria Integral |location= Acapulco, Guerrero |accessdate= Enero 10, 2010 |archive-date= 2009-04-18 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090418003223/http://apiacapulcoport.com/whois_api.html |url-status= dead }}</ref> Ti siudad ti Acapulco ket ti kadakkelan iti estado, dakdakkel ngem ti kapitolio ti estado ti [[Chilpancingo]]. Ti Acapulco ket isu pay ti kadakkelan nga aplaya ti Mehiko ken [[balneario]] a paglinglingayan a siudad.<ref name="INEGI">{{cite web |url=http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/conteo2005/localidad/iter/ |title=INEGI Census 2005 |language=Espaniol |accessdate=2010-01-10 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613183420/http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/conteo2005/localidad/iter/ |archivedate=2011-06-13 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ti siudad ket kaaduan nga ammo a kas ti kaduogan ken kaaduan nga ammo a paglinglingayan nga aplaya ti Mehiko, a nagbalin a prominente kadagiti tawen ti 1950 a kas ruangan para kadagiti artista ti Hollywood ken dagiti milonario.<ref>Lee Stacy. ''Mexico and the United States''. New York: Marshall Cavendish Publishing, 2003. p. 954 (p. 16). {{ISBN|978-0-7614-7403-6}}.</ref><ref>Arleen Alleman. ''Currents of vengeance : a Darcy Farthing novel''. Xlibris Corp Publishing, 2011. p. 292 (p. 118). {{ISBN|978-1-4653-3577-7}}.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.vacationmagazine.net/eng/mexico/29/?vsid=712af928be8b0488210a6e3b29f78f55 |title=Vacation Magazine {{!}} |access-date=2016-08-02 |archive-date=2017-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911072556/http://www.vacationmagazine.net/eng/mexico/29/?vsid=712af928be8b0488210a6e3b29f78f55 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="nileg">{{cite web |url= http://www.nileguide.com/destination/acapulco/overview/history |title= History for Acapulco |publisher=Niles' Guides |accessdate=Enero 10, 2010 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100113102315/http://www.nileguide.com/destination/acapulco/overview/history| archivedate= Enero 13, 2010 | url-status=live}}</ref> Ti Acapulco ket nadayeg pay laeng ken mangawis pay laeng kadagiti adu a turista, nge kaaduan metten ket manipud iti Mehiko.<ref name="salvar">{{cite news |title= Confían en salvar temporada turística |first=Alfonso |last=Juarez |newspaper=Reforma |location=Mexico City |date=Disiembre 30, 2009 |page=12 |language=Espaniol |trans-title=Trusting in saving the tourist season }}</ref><ref name="introfromm">{{cite web |url= http://www.frommers.com/destinations/acapulco/0036010001.html |title= Introduction to Acapulco |publisher= Frommer's Guides |accessdate= Enero 10, 2010 |archive-date= 2017-09-11 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170911071536/http://www.frommers.com/destinations/acapulco/0036010001.html |url-status= dead }}</ref> Ti lugar ti paglinglingayan ket nabingbingay iti dua: Ti bangir ti amianan tiluek ket ti "tradisional" a lugar, nga ayan a pagbakasionan dagiti nadayeg iti tengnga ti maika-20 a siglo; ken ti bangir ti abagatan ket kaaduan dagiti baro a naramen a natayag nga otel.<ref name="mikerita">{{cite web |url= http://www.mexconnect.com/articles/705-the-sunniest-acapulco |title= The sunniest Acapulco |first=Mike |last=Oliver |author2=Rita Oliver |publisher=MexConnect |accessdate=Enero 10, 2010 }}</ref> Ti nagan nga "Acapulco" ket nagtaud manipud iti pagsasao a [[Nahuatl]] ti ''Aca-pōl-co'', ketn ti kayatna a sawen ket "ti nakdadaelan dagiti rono wenno nakaiyanudanda".<ref name=" robelo ">{{cite book |title= Diccionario de Aztequismos |last=Robelo |first=Cecelio A. |year=1912 |publisher= Imp. del Museo N. de Arquelogía, Historia y Etnología |location=Mexico |pages=43–44}}</ref> Ti "de Juárez" ket nainayon idi iti opisial anagan idi 1885 a kas pammadayaw kenni [[Benito Juárez]], ti dati a [[Presidente ti Mehiko]] (1806–1872). Ti selio ti siudad ket mangipakpakita kadagiti natukkol a rono wenno unas.<ref name="encmuc" /> Ti isla ken munisipalidad ti [[Capul]], iti Filipinas, ket nakaala ti naganna iti Acapulco; ti Capul ket isu idi ti akinlaud a patingga ti trans-Pasipiko a dalan ti panaglayag manipud iti Acapulco nga isu idi ket kolonia ti Espania. == Dagiti nagibasaran == {{Reflist}} == Dagiti akinruar a silpo == {{Wikivoyage-inline|Acapulco}} {{Commonscat-inline|Acapulco}} * {{Opisial a website|http://www.acapulco.gob.mx|Opisial a website ti gobierno ti siudad}} {{iti sao|es}} {{Mehiko-heograpia-pungol}} [[Kategoria:Acapulco| ]] s1zvvxunk1fa5twl08h9cthc89hubk3 0 72213 406703 360429 2026-08-22T23:07:01Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406703 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Speciesbox | name = Agatelang | image = Eugenia palumbis.jpg | image_caption = Bulbulong ken bungbunga, [[Saipan]], [[Makomunidad ti Akin-abagatan nga Is-isla Marianas|CNMI]] | genus = Eugenia | species = palumbis | authority = [[Elmer Drew Merrill|Merr.]] }} Ti '''''Eugenia palumbis''''' ([[Pagsasao a Chamorro|Chamorro]]: '''agatelang''') ket ti bassit a mula iti pamilia ti [[Myrtaceae]] nga [[endemiko]] iti [[Guam]] ken ti [[Makomunidad ti Akin-abagatan nga Is-isla Marianas]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cnas-re.uog.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Agatelang.pdf |title=Agatelang Eugenia palumbis Native Plants of Guam |date=Marso 2017 |publisher=University of Guam |access-date=2020-05-21 |archive-date=2021-04-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418000708/https://cnas-re.uog.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Agatelang.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>Raulerson, L., & A. Rinehart. ''Trees and Shrubs of the Mariana Islands.'' 1992.</ref> == Dagiti nagibasaran == {{Reflist}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q15362828}} {{Myrtaceae-pungol}} [[Kategoria:Eugenia|palumbis]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Akin-amianan nga Is-isla Marianas]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Guam]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Oceania]] [[Kategoria:Flora ti Mikronesia]] 593a70eulwluk71c8owjoij6d8v5krk 0 81637 406704 405530 2026-08-22T23:53:01Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406704 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Papeles:James Peace.jpg|thumb|313x313px|James Peace idiay Wiesbaden, Alemania]] Ni '''Kenneth James Peace''' ket naipasngay idiay Paisley, [[Septiembre 28|28 Septiembre]], [[1963]]. Isu ket maysa a kompositor ti [[Eskosia|Scotland]], pianista ti konsierto ken visual nga artista. == Biograpia == Ni James Peace ket naipasngay idiay Paisley, Scotland, idi 28 ti Septiembre, 1963. Binusbosna ti kaaduan a paset ti kinaubingna idiay Helensburg, maysa a resort iti igid ti baybay iti laud ti Scotland.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110527164145/http://www.wiesbadener-tagblatt.de/region/wiesbaden/meldungen/10206548.htm Birgitta Lamparth. "Keine ‘stacheligen’ Klänge", Wiesbadener Tagblatt (Aleman a Pagiwarnak), 10 Pebrero, 2011]</ref><ref name=":1">Julia Anderton. "Tango wie eine süß-saure Geschichte". Wiesbadener Kurier (Aleman a Pagiwarnak), 24 Marso, 2012</ref><ref name=":2">[https://hojaderutadigital.mx/una-entrevista-al-compositor-james-peace/ Soledad Carrizo-Araya. "Una entrevista al compositor James Peace". Hoja de Ruta Digital. Disiembre, 2022]{{Natay a silpo|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Ti pamiliana ket addaan iti adu nga artista (a kas kenni John McGhie), ken isu ket nainaig met ken Felix Burns, maysa a nalatak a kompositor ti musika ti panagsala iti umuna a kagudua ti [[maika-20 a siglo]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">Sabine Klein. "Meine Musik ist wie ich - sehr romantisch". Frankfurter Rundschau (Aleman a Pagiwarnak), 1992, numero 254, panid 2</ref> Isu ket nakaawat iti matrikula ti [[piano]] manipud idi agtawen iti walo ken ti immuna a publiko a panagpabuyana ket napasamak idi agtawen iti sangapulo ket uppat, a nangipabuya ti musika babaen ken Scott Joplin.<ref name=":2" /> Idi agtawen iti sangapulo ket innem, isu ket naawat idiay Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama (ita a naawagan: Royal Conservatoire of Scotland) kas ti kaubingan pay laeng nga amin-tiempo nga estudiante.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">G. Müller. "Die Seele des Klaviers tanzt Tango". Kulturspiegel Wetterau (Aleman a Magasina). 17 Marso, 2001, panid 5</ref> Idi 1983, nagturpos manipud iti Glasgow University iti maysa a B.A. degree iti panangisuro iti piano. Iti sumaganad a tawen isu ket nakaawat ti diploma iti musika iti panagpabuya kalpasan iti panagtokarna ti Mendelssohn's Piano Concerto No.1 a kadua ti orkestra ti RSAMD.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> Kalpasan a pinanawanna ti pormal a panagadal, adu ti agsapul kenkuana kas pianista ken isu ket nagnaed idiay [[Edinburgh]] manipud 1988 agingga 1991.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">"James Peace". FRIZZ (Aleman a Magasina). Enero, 2001, panid 5</ref> Nagnaed ni James Peace idiay Bad Nauheim, [[Alemania]] ([[Aleman]]: Bundesrepublik Deutschland) manipud 1991 agingga 2009.<ref>Manfred Merz. "Virtuose, gefühlsbetonte Welt der Romantik", Wetterauer Zeitung (Aleman a Pagiwarnak), 12 Disiembre, 1992, panid 19</ref><ref>"James Peace". The Tango Times (magasina iti New York). Edision 2002/2003 (39). Dagiti panid 1 - 5</ref> Manipud idi 1998 nangaramid iti panagadal iti tango, nangpataud iti CD Tango escocés (Scottish Tango) kadagiti bukodna a komposision ti piano nga inspirado iti tango,<ref name=":6">[https://search.nls.uk/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=44NLS_ALMA21615957400004341&context=L&vid=44NLS_VU1&lang=en_US&search_scope=SCOPE1&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,Tango%20escoc%C3%A9s&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. Tango escocés]</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |url=https://pad.philharmoniedeparis.fr/pad/doc/ALOES/0795887/tango-escoces-scottish-tango-k-james-peace-comp-piano |title=Philharmonie de Paris. Tango escocés |access-date=2025-10-30 |archive-date=2025-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250928140339/https://pad.philharmoniedeparis.fr/pad/doc/ALOES/0795887/tango-escoces-scottish-tango-k-james-peace-comp-piano |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":8">[https://www.muziekweb.nl/Link/KHX3103/Tango-escoc%C3%A9s de bibliotheek. Tango escocés] </ref> ken idi 2002 isu ket nagbalin nga honorario a kameng ti Victoria College of Music.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9">"James Peace". La Cadena (Olandes a Magasina). Septiembre, 2002, panid 26</ref> Iti isu met laeng a tawen, isu ket napan kadagiti solo a konsierto a panagpasiar iti Amianan ti Alemania idi Septiembre/Oktubre ken iti Adayo a Daya idi Nobiembre, a nangipaay iti umuna a panagpabuyana iti Tango XVII idiay [[Hong Kong]].<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /><ref>TangoTang, Hong Kong (香港). Newsletter, 8 Oktubre, 2002</ref><ref>[https://www.scmp.com/article/393890/james-peace "James Peace". 南華早報 (Pagiwarnak idiay Hong Kong). 9 Oktubre, 2002] </ref> [[Papeles:James Peace - Idylls Op.4b.webm|center|thumb|316x316px|James Peace - Idylls Op.4b]] Kadagiti sumaganad a tawen, dagiti panagpabuyana ket naikonsentrar idiay [[Europa]]. Inpabuyana dagiti bukodna a tango kadagiti sumaganad a kabesera a siudad: [[Amsterdam]], [[Atenas|Athens]],<ref>Brosyur ti programa ti Konsierto {Για σένα Αγγελική}.Athens, 27 Abril, 2016 </ref> [[Berlin]],<ref>Tangodanza (Aleman a Magasina). Edision 1/2002 - 9</ref> [[Bruselas]], [[Helsinki]],<ref>Poster ti konsierto (konsierto a panagdaliasat idiay Finland, 2014)</ref> [[Lisbon]],<ref name=":2" /><ref>Poster ti konsierto (konsierto a panagdaliasat idiay Portugal, 2016)</ref> [[Londres]], [[Madrid]],<ref name=":2" /><ref>Poster ti konsierto (konsierto a panagdaliasat idiay España ¡Feliz Cincuenta Cumpleaños - 2013!)</ref> [[Oslo]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://listen.no/event/konsert-kl-13-00-james-peace-flygel-tangos-romanticos-musikk-av-peace-piazzolla-albeniz-utstillingssalene-er-stengt |title=Listen.no. James Peace (flygel). Munch Museet. Oslo, 16 Oktubre, 2004 |access-date=2025-10-30 |archive-date=2020-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608114526/https://listen.no/event/konsert-kl-13-00-james-peace-flygel-tangos-romanticos-musikk-av-peace-piazzolla-albeniz-utstillingssalene-er-stengt |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Reykjavík]]<ref>[https://www.mbl.is/greinasafn/grein/823608/ Ríkarður Ö. Pálsson. "Skozkir Slaghörputangoár". Morgunblaðið (Islandia a Pagiwarnak). 14 Oktubre, 2004]</ref> ken [[Vienna]].<ref>Brosyur ti programa ti konsierto (Vienna). 23 Enero, 2005</ref> [[Papeles:Tango Milonga op. 26.wav|left|thumb|Tango Milonga op. 26]] [[Papeles:Tango XVIII by James Peace (James Peace, piano).wav|left|thumb|Tango XVIII by James Peace (James Peace, piano)]] Idi 2008, isu ket nagbalin nga honorario a kameng ti London College of Music kas panangbigbig kadagiti serbisiona iti tango.<ref name=":10">[https://search.nls.uk/primo-explore/fulldisplay?vid=44NLS_VU1&tab=default_tab&docid=44NLS_ALMA21438757900004341&lang=en_US&context=L&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,K.%20James%20Peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. K. James Peace in Wiesbaden]</ref><ref name=":11">[https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=idn%3D1022200380 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. K. James Peace in Wiesbaden] </ref><ref name=":12">[https://whittakerlive.blogspot.com/2012/05/new-dvd-interview-with-wiesbaden.html Whittaker Live. "Wiesbadener Highlander K. James Peace - New DVD"]</ref> Kalpasan ti ababa a panawen idiay Edinburgh, nagsubli isuna idi [[Pebrero]] 2010 idiay Alemania tapno agnaed idiay Wiesbaden.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Daytoy ti nangiturong kadagiti baro nga impulsion ken nangaramid kadagiti ababa a [[pelikula]] ti sumagmamano kadagiti bukodna a komposision. Ti dokumentario a [[pelikula]] a James Peace in Wiesbaden ket maysa kadagiti obrana iti daytoy a klase.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":11" /><ref name=":12" /> [[Papeles:Cover page, Eternal Song Op.32 by James Peace (study score).png|thumb|336x336px|Panid ti akkub, Agnanayon a Kanta (Eternal Song) Op.32 ni James Peace (iskor ti panagadal)]] == Premio ken Pammadayaw == ● Umuna a Premio, Agnes Millar Prize. Glasgow, 1983<ref name=":4" /> ● Umuna a Premio, Dunbartonshire EIS Prize. Glasgow, 1984<ref name=":4" /> ● Umuna a Premio, Sibelius Essay Prize. Glasgow, 1985<ref name=":4" /> ● Honorario a Diploma, TIM Premio. [[Roma]], 2000<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /> ● Honorario a Diploma, IBLA Foundation. [[New York]], 2000<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /> ● Komemoratibo a Medalia, International Piano Duo Association. [[Tokyo]], 2002<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ipda-pianoduo.com/composition-concour-list-english.html |title=International Piano Duo Association (東京), Tokyo. Listaan dagiti nangabak iti gunggona, 2002 |access-date=2025-10-30 |archive-date=2020-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527164059/http://www.ipda-pianoduo.com/composition-concour-list-english.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ● Balitok a Medalia, Académie Internationale de Lutèce. [[Paris]], 2008<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == Dagiti Kangrunaan a Komposision == ● The Waterfall (Ti Dissuor)<ref>Hessisches Staatstheater. Brosyur ti programa iti konsierto 12/19 Setiembre, 2021</ref> ● Idyll (Serenada iti Agsapa) ● Lento Lacrimoso (Dagiti Naulimek a Lua) ● Forgotten Leaves (Dagiti Nalipat a Bulbulong) ● Ceremonial March No.1 (Seremonya a Pang-martsa num.1) ● Ceremonial March No.2 (Seremonya a Pang-martsa num.2) ● Autumn Gold (Otoño a Balitok)<ref>"Violine schwebt über das Orchester". Schwäbische Post (Aleman a Pagiwarnak). 4 Hunio, 1994</ref> ● Eternal Song (Agnanayon a Kanta)<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://search.nls.uk/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma9935400923804341&context=L&vid=44NLS_INST:44NLS_VU1&lang=en&search_scope=MainCatalogue&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,James%20peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. Eternal Song Op.32, Peace, K. James]</ref> ● "Para ken Georgia" ([[Georgia (pagilian)|Georgiano]]: საქართველოსთვის) (Dagiti liriko: Tamari Chikvaidze, Zurabi Chikvaidze at James Peace) ● 24 a Tango para iti solo a piano<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":10" /><ref name=":11" /><ref name=":12" /><ref>[https://www.britishviolasociety.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Latest-news-from-the-British-Viola-Society.-August-2023-compressed.pdf British Viola Society Newsletter, Agosto 2023] </ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240522135254/https://hojaderutadigital.mx/una-corta-historia-del-tango/ Hoja de Ruta Digital, México. "Una corta historia del tango", 22 Marso 2024]</ref><ref>[https://search.nls.uk/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma9941547953804341&context=L&vid=44NLS_INST:44NLS_VU1&lang=en&search_scope=MainCatalogue&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,James%20peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. Tangos op.33, Peace, K. James] </ref> == Dagiti Nagibasaran == {{reflist}} == Dagiti Akinruar a Link == * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSX1c8EUukg&list=RDsSX1c8EUukg&start_radio=1 Souvenir de Buenos Aires - youtube] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZcMRNnwNJhk&list=RDZcMRNnwNJhk&start_radio=1 Lento Lacrimoso - youtube] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VKxG2dmQn4&list=RD_VKxG2dmQn4&start_radio=1 Autumn Gold - youtube] {{DEFAULTSORT:Peace, James}} [[Kategoria:1963 a pannakaipasngay]] [[Kategoria:Sibibiag a tattao]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti kompositor ti maika-20 a siglo]] [[Kategoria:Dagiti kompositor ti klasiko]] [[Kategoria:Komposer para ti piano]] 596s4ts8e79iqv399egllkkr1adwavn 0 81741 406710 405476 2026-08-23T03:32:13Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406710 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox musical artist |name = Shakira |Img = 2023-11-16 Gala de los Latin Grammy, 03 (cropped)02.jpg |caption = Ni Shakira iti 2023 a Gunguna ti Latin a Grammy. |alt = Ladawan ni Shakira, maysa a babai a taga-Colombia nga atiddog ​​ti buokna, |background = solo_singer |birth_name = Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll |birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1977|2|2|mf=y}} |birth_place = Barranquilla, Colombia |instrument = Boses, gitara, harmonica, tambor |genre = Latin pop, Pop, Reggaeton, Rock |occupation = Kumakanta-mannurat ti kanta, agsala, produser ti musika, musikera, komposer, manalsala, pilantropo |years_active = 1990–agdama |label = Sony Music Latin, Epic Records |website = {{URL|https://www.shakira.com/|shakira.com}} }} Ni '''Shakira Isabel Mebarak Ripoll''', a naipasngay idi Pebrero 2, 1977, ket naammuan a kas '''Shakira'''. Isu ket maysa a Colombian a kantora, manurat-kanta, agsala, produser ti musika, ken pilantropo. Naipasngay ken nagnaed idiay Barranquilla, [[Colombia]], ket isu ket naammuan a kas pioneer ti panagpa-international ti Latin pop ken ti crossover ti Latin music idiay global market. Ti musika na ket iniraman ti nadumaduma a estilo ken genre, kas ti Latin pop, reggaeton, rock, ken musika ti [[Tengnga a Daya]]. Gapu ta naibenta ti nasurok a 95 milyon a records, isu ket maysa cadagiti best-selling music artists ti lubong.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Raygoza|first=Isabela|date=2024-09-17|title=Billboard’s Greatest Pop Stars of the 21st Century: No. 17 — Shakira|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/shakira-greatest-pop-stars-21st-century-1235777625/|access-date=2026-04-04|website=Billboard|language=en-US}}</ref> Isu ket nakaawat ti uppat a Grammy Awards ken sangapulo ket lima a Latin Grammy Awards.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shakira {{!}} Artist {{!}} GRAMMY.com|url=https://grammy.com/artists/shakira/17393|access-date=2026-04-04|website=grammy.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Shakira {{!}} Artista {{!}} LatinGRAMMY.com|url=https://www.latingrammy.com/artistas/shakira/22743-02|access-date=2026-04-04|website=www.latingrammy.com|language=es|archive-date=2026-02-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260219123246/https://www.latingrammy.com/artistas/shakira/22743-02|url-status=dead}}</ref> Ni Shakira ket naammuan pay a kas coach ti reality television show nga ''The Voice''.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-02-26|title='The Voice' recap: Shakira's lips, like her hips, don't lie|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/showtracker/la-et-st-the-voice-recap-20140226-story.html|access-date=2026-04-04|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref> Isu ket naigawaan pay gapu ti philanthropic work na, nangrunaan ti Barefoot Foundation (Fundación Pies Descalzos) na nga agserbi cadagiti ubbing idiay Colombia.<ref>{{Cite web|last=en|first=Por Juan David Botia MéndezSeguir|date=2025-12-24|title=Shakira celebró el grado de 415 estudiantes de los colegios que construyó con su fundación Pies Descalzos: “Mi mejor regalo de Navidad”|url=https://www.infobae.com/colombia/2025/12/24/shakira-celebro-el-grado-de-415-estudiantes-de-su-fundacion-pies-descalzos-mi-mejor-regalo-de-navidad/|access-date=2026-04-04|website=infobae|language=es-CO}}</ref> Dagiti pinakadakkel a kanta na ket "Whenever, Wherever", "La Tortura", "Hips Don't Lie", "Waka Waka", "Loca", "La La La", "Chantaje" ken "Shakira: Bzrp Music Sessions, Vol. 53". == Diskograpia == *1991 — ''Magia'' *1993 — ''Peligro'' *1995 — ''Pies Descalzos'' *1998 — ''Dónde Están los Ladrones?'' *2001 — ''Laundry Service'' *2005 — ''Fijación Oral, Vol. 1'' *2005 — ''Oral Fixation, Vol. 2'' *2009 — ''She Wolf'' *2010 — ''Sale el Sol'' *2014 — ''Shakira'' *2017 — ''El Dorado'' *2024 — ''Las Mujeres Ya No Lloran'' == Dagiti nagibasaran == {{reflist}} hzyf9meugnzfe1nwtumdmiylf1xk2ey 0 81748 406706 405524 2026-08-23T01:17:21Z InternetArchiveBot 14943 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 406706 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Qatar a mannurat ken sikologo}} {{Infobox person |name = Mouza al-Malki |image = |occupation= Katulongan a propesor, sikologo, mannurat }} Si '''Mouza al-Malki''' ({{langx|ar|موزة المالكي}}) (ammo pay a kas '''Moza al-Malki)''' ket maysa a [[Qatari]] a mannurat ken sikologo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/gulf/qatar/qatari-writer-among-nominees-for-prize-1.292769 |title=Qatari writer among nominees for prize |publisher=Gulf News |date=4 July 2005 |accessdate=10 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2012/5/28/qatari-women-prepare-for-olympic-debut-2 |title=Qatari women prepare for Olympic debut |publisher=Al Jazzera |date=28 May 2012 |accessdate=1 June 2022}}</ref> ==Nasapa a biag ken edukasion== Ni Al Malki ket addaan iti Ph.D. iti klinikal a sikolohia manipud iti [[Unibersidad ti Abertay Dundee]], [[Eskosia]].<ref name="genius">{{cite web|url=https://www.gulf-times.com/story/401335/The-can-do-genius |title=The 'can do' genius |publisher=Gulf Times|date=31 July 2014 |accessdate=9 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/15111053/Al_Malki_2002_Attitudes_of_Qatari_citizens_towards_marriage.pdf |title=Attitudes of Qatari Citizens Towards Marriage and Family Counselling |publisher=Abertay University |date= |accessdate=9 June 2022}}</ref> Isu ti immuna a Qatar a sikoterapista a mangpraktis, a nakaawat kadagiti degree-na idiay [[Estados Unidos]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Mohammed El-Nawawy |author2=Adel Iskandar |title=Al-jazeera: The Story Of The Network That Is Rattling Governments And Redefining Modern Journalism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fhFIkCuqhLAC&pg=PT80|publisher=Basic Books|page=80|year=2003|isbn=978-0813341491}}</ref> ==Karera== Ni Al-Malki ket maysa a sikologo, propesor ken konsultant a dagiti programana ket regular a naibrodkas kadagiti telebision ken podcast channels. Isu ket ammo pay a kas maysa nga internasional nga ispiker, mannurat, autor, mannursuro, trainer, kolumnista ti diario ken nangabak kadagiti nadumaduma a rehional ken internasional a premio.<ref name="genius"/> Ni Al Malki ti immuna a babai a nagmaneho idiay Qatar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.marhaba.qa/qatari-women-then-and-now/ |title=Qatari Women Then and Now |publisher=marhaba.qa |date=2 June 2017 |accessdate=5 August 2022}}</ref> She was also the first Qatari woman to teach English in an [[elementary school]]. Malki also introduced play therapy clinics in the Arab world and works with autistic children with exceptional talents. Al Malki has developed a program for children with [[dyslexia]], too.<ref name="genius"/> Idi 1999, isu ket nagbalin a ti immuna a babai a kandidato iti [[Konseho ti Panagtitinnulong ti Golpo|GCC]] a nakisalisal iti eleksion munisipal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.gulfnews.com/news/gulf/qatar/women-candidates-to-test-their-luck-in-qatar-polls-1.789916|title=Women candidates to test their luck in Qatar polls|publisher=Gulf News|author=Habib Toumi|date=10 April 2011|accessdate=22 July 2015|archive-date=29 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029065815/http://m.gulfnews.com/news/gulf/qatar/women-candidates-to-test-their-luck-in-qatar-polls-1.789916|url-status=dead}}</ref> Maysa a katulongan a propesor idiay [[Unibersidad ti Qatar]] ti Qatar ken autor ti sumagmamano a libro maipapan kadagiti babbai nga Arabo ken dagiti isyu maipapan kadagiti ubbing, idi 2005 ni Mouza (wenno Moza) ket karaman kadagiti 1000 a babbai a nainominado a kas maysa a grupo para iti [[Premio Nobel ti Kappia]] babaen ni Ruth-Gaby Vermot-Mangold, maysa a kameng ti parlamento ti Switzerland.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.gulfnews.com/qatari-writer-among-nominees-for-prize-1.292769|title=Qatari writer among nominees for prize|publisher=Gulf News|author=Barbara Bibbo'|date=4 July 2005|accessdate=18 September 2015|archive-date=29 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029065627/http://m.gulfnews.com/qatari-writer-among-nominees-for-prize-1.292769|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="history">{{cite web|url=https://www.iloveqatar.net/guide/general/qatari-literature-writers |title=A brief history of Qatari literature & 10 writers you need to know |publisher=iloveqatar.net |date=18 July 2019 |accessdate=13 September 2022}}</ref> Idi 2008, naideklara a peace ambassador.<ref name="genius"/> Isu ket nangiruar ti libro a napauluan iti "Nakari a Mannurat" idi 2014, a nangurnong kadagiti sumagmamano a literario nga obra a pinutar babaen dagiti Arabo a babbai a mannurat.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thepeninsulaqatar.com/news/qatar/308725/dr-moza-al-malki-s-book-released|title=Dr Moza Al Malki's book released|publisher=The Peninsula Qatar|date=21 November 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514012249/http://thepeninsulaqatar.com/news/qatar/308725/dr-moza-al-malki-s-book-released|archive-date=14 May 2015}}</ref><ref name="history"/> ==Dagiti Reperensia== {{Reflist}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Malki, Mouza}} 2gsf8xxb37mqaxfl6a6uv6grnfskrap