Incubator:Administrators' noticeboard

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      <contributor>
        <username>MF-Warburg</username>
        <id>585</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Machine translations by Руй Пульези */</comment>
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== Unilateral replacement of [[Wy/sh]] with [[Wy/hr]] ==

Hello! Can an Incubator administrator please undo Wy/sh redirects, delete Wy/hr copies of original Wy/sh pages, and protect the pages from further disruption? Thanks! – [[User:Vipz|Vipz]] ([[User talk:Vipz|talk]] · [[User:Vipz/isv|isv]]) 05:30, 11 July 2026 (UTC)

:Either the admins have mostly dealt with this situation by now, or there wasn't much to revert at all. While yes I am nt an administrator it looks like there's nothing but the main page in [[Wy/hr]]. I reverted [[Wy/sh/Glavna stranica]] but maybe I shouldn't do anything else? Although it looks to be almost a month since this request was made; he asked for an ''administrator''. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 21:14, 5 August 2026 (UTC)

== Translations by sockpuppets of [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗|林詩朗]] ==

Please delete all translations created by the following accounts:

* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗56|林詩朗56]]
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗3213|林詩朗3213]]
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗3218|林詩朗3218]]

All are sockpuppets of [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗|林詩朗]], who have been blocked and locked multiple times before for creating machine translations (see also [[#林詩朗39]]):

* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗39|林詩朗39]] (locked)
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗92|林詩朗92]] (blocked in December 2025)
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗9982|林詩朗9982]] (blocked in December 2025)

Other as-of-yet dormant accounts:

* [[Special:CA/林詩朗22|林詩朗22]] (not registered here)
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗44|林詩朗44]]
* [[Special:CA/林詩朗2992|林詩朗2992]] (not registered here)

[[User:NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh|&lt;span class=&quot;skin-invert&quot; style=&quot;color:black;font-family:Monotype Corsiva,sans-serif;font-size:110%;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal&quot;&gt;NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh&lt;/span&gt;]] 22:43, 4 August 2026 (UTC)
:Done. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 22:14, 10 August 2026 (UTC)

== Event namespace ==

Hello, I want to create a page like &quot;Event:Wb/su/Sundanese Wikibooks editathon&quot; but it says &quot;Permission error.&quot; Is there a way to create [[meta:Event Center/Registration|Event page]] on Incubator?

Thank you. [[User:Deepturquoise|Deepturquoise]] ([[User talk:Deepturquoise|talk]]) 02:47, 14 August 2026 (UTC)
:[[User:Deepturquoise|Deepturquoise]]: There is no such possibility. Please use the [[:m:Event Center/Registration]] on Meta. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 13:31, 25 August 2026 (UTC)

== Request to start Wp/kl (Greenlandic Wikipedia) test wiki ==

Hi administrators,

I would like to request permission to start creating test pages for the Greenlandic (Kalaalisut) Wikipedia under the prefix Wp/kl. 

The previous wiki was closed due to machine-translation spam, but I intend to contribute with high-quality, manual translations and human-generated content. Please let me know if I can begin creating the main page.

I am a native speaker of kalaallisut, and is a bachelor student of translation and interpreting.

Thank you!


[[User:Greenlander translator|Greenlander translator]] ([[User talk:Greenlander translator|talk]]) 14:54, 27 August 2026 (UTC)

== Request to block [[User:ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ]] ==
I propose to block [[User:ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ]] due to [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ acts of vandalism]. Almost all of the user's edits consist of redirecting entries to the main page of Puxian Wikipedia (Wp/cpx). Additionally, I have noticed that the username ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ (&quot;Manchu&quot; in Manchu script) is being used to engage in vandalism. I am not sure whether the user has any genuine connection to the Manchu language and its speakers. This is '''particularly inappropriate and unacceptable''' because the name {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ}} (manju) is not merely a username: it represents the Manchu language, its speakers, its learners.--[[User:MiiCii|MiiCii ({{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠰᠠᡳᠴᡠᠩᡤᠠ}} Saicungga)]] ([[User talk:MiiCii|talk]]) 15:18, 27 August 2026 (UTC)
:Blocked. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 20:40, 27 August 2026 (UTC)

== Machine translations by Руй Пульези ==

Please delete everything created by [[Special:Contribs/Руй Пульези|Руй Пульези]] and their sock [[Special:Contribs/Müharibə|Müharibə]]. They have been creating many translations on Incubator and other wikis, in many different languages. Some, like [[Translations:Help:FAQ/85/lv|this one]], are clearly machine translations or LLM-generated; presumably, the rest are as well. [[User:NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh|&lt;span class=&quot;skin-invert&quot; style=&quot;color:black;font-family:Monotype Corsiva,sans-serif;font-size:110%;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal&quot;&gt;NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh&lt;/span&gt;]] 00:52, 30 August 2026 (UTC)
:I've seen this and agree it should be done; unfortunately as the edits are so old, it doesn't work with Special:Nuke so I can't do it right now in one click. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 19:08, 4 September 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wp/neu]] ==

Need to put a redirect-placeholder here. The page is blocked from creation by non-administrators because of lack of valid ISO code.

&lt;poem&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{MovedtoIncPlus2|Wp/neu}}
[[Category:Incubator:Test wikis/code/art|neu]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/poem&gt; [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 06:02, 30 August 2026 (UTC)

== i accidentally made two accounts, these are both me ==

SinaSabet28 is also my account, I made two by mistake. Could one of these accounts be deleted? [[User:Sheitune|Sheitune]] ([[User talk:Sheitune|talk]]) 08:47, 31 August 2026 (UTC)

:They can't be deleted now, leave the other account as is. 🪶-[[User:Tanbiruzzaman|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:monospace;color:#006400;letter-spacing:1px;&quot;&gt;TΛNBIRUZZΛMΛN&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Tanbiruzzaman|💬]]) 08:50, 31 August 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>0ediieiw7i9j7g2201e8fy4nqnlwsq9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305082</id>
      <parentid>7305079</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:17:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MF-Warburg</username>
        <id>585</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Wp/neu */</comment>
      <origin>7305082</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6512" sha1="nq732d98nspy3pveha6nqknquvk3k28" xml:space="preserve">{{Incubator:Administrators' noticeboard/top}}

{{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 3
| archive = '((FULLPAGENAME))/Archive/((year))' | show = yes | timeout = 31 | overview=[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive|Archive]] }}
== Unilateral replacement of [[Wy/sh]] with [[Wy/hr]] ==

Hello! Can an Incubator administrator please undo Wy/sh redirects, delete Wy/hr copies of original Wy/sh pages, and protect the pages from further disruption? Thanks! – [[User:Vipz|Vipz]] ([[User talk:Vipz|talk]] · [[User:Vipz/isv|isv]]) 05:30, 11 July 2026 (UTC)

:Either the admins have mostly dealt with this situation by now, or there wasn't much to revert at all. While yes I am nt an administrator it looks like there's nothing but the main page in [[Wy/hr]]. I reverted [[Wy/sh/Glavna stranica]] but maybe I shouldn't do anything else? Although it looks to be almost a month since this request was made; he asked for an ''administrator''. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 21:14, 5 August 2026 (UTC)

== Translations by sockpuppets of [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗|林詩朗]] ==

Please delete all translations created by the following accounts:

* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗56|林詩朗56]]
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗3213|林詩朗3213]]
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗3218|林詩朗3218]]

All are sockpuppets of [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗|林詩朗]], who have been blocked and locked multiple times before for creating machine translations (see also [[#林詩朗39]]):

* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗39|林詩朗39]] (locked)
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗92|林詩朗92]] (blocked in December 2025)
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗9982|林詩朗9982]] (blocked in December 2025)

Other as-of-yet dormant accounts:

* [[Special:CA/林詩朗22|林詩朗22]] (not registered here)
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗44|林詩朗44]]
* [[Special:CA/林詩朗2992|林詩朗2992]] (not registered here)

[[User:NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh|&lt;span class=&quot;skin-invert&quot; style=&quot;color:black;font-family:Monotype Corsiva,sans-serif;font-size:110%;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal&quot;&gt;NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh&lt;/span&gt;]] 22:43, 4 August 2026 (UTC)
:Done. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 22:14, 10 August 2026 (UTC)

== Event namespace ==

Hello, I want to create a page like &quot;Event:Wb/su/Sundanese Wikibooks editathon&quot; but it says &quot;Permission error.&quot; Is there a way to create [[meta:Event Center/Registration|Event page]] on Incubator?

Thank you. [[User:Deepturquoise|Deepturquoise]] ([[User talk:Deepturquoise|talk]]) 02:47, 14 August 2026 (UTC)
:[[User:Deepturquoise|Deepturquoise]]: There is no such possibility. Please use the [[:m:Event Center/Registration]] on Meta. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 13:31, 25 August 2026 (UTC)

== Request to start Wp/kl (Greenlandic Wikipedia) test wiki ==

Hi administrators,

I would like to request permission to start creating test pages for the Greenlandic (Kalaalisut) Wikipedia under the prefix Wp/kl. 

The previous wiki was closed due to machine-translation spam, but I intend to contribute with high-quality, manual translations and human-generated content. Please let me know if I can begin creating the main page.

I am a native speaker of kalaallisut, and is a bachelor student of translation and interpreting.

Thank you!


[[User:Greenlander translator|Greenlander translator]] ([[User talk:Greenlander translator|talk]]) 14:54, 27 August 2026 (UTC)

== Request to block [[User:ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ]] ==
I propose to block [[User:ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ]] due to [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ acts of vandalism]. Almost all of the user's edits consist of redirecting entries to the main page of Puxian Wikipedia (Wp/cpx). Additionally, I have noticed that the username ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ (&quot;Manchu&quot; in Manchu script) is being used to engage in vandalism. I am not sure whether the user has any genuine connection to the Manchu language and its speakers. This is '''particularly inappropriate and unacceptable''' because the name {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ}} (manju) is not merely a username: it represents the Manchu language, its speakers, its learners.--[[User:MiiCii|MiiCii ({{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠰᠠᡳᠴᡠᠩᡤᠠ}} Saicungga)]] ([[User talk:MiiCii|talk]]) 15:18, 27 August 2026 (UTC)
:Blocked. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 20:40, 27 August 2026 (UTC)

== Machine translations by Руй Пульези ==

Please delete everything created by [[Special:Contribs/Руй Пульези|Руй Пульези]] and their sock [[Special:Contribs/Müharibə|Müharibə]]. They have been creating many translations on Incubator and other wikis, in many different languages. Some, like [[Translations:Help:FAQ/85/lv|this one]], are clearly machine translations or LLM-generated; presumably, the rest are as well. [[User:NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh|&lt;span class=&quot;skin-invert&quot; style=&quot;color:black;font-family:Monotype Corsiva,sans-serif;font-size:110%;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal&quot;&gt;NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh&lt;/span&gt;]] 00:52, 30 August 2026 (UTC)
:I've seen this and agree it should be done; unfortunately as the edits are so old, it doesn't work with Special:Nuke so I can't do it right now in one click. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 19:08, 4 September 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wp/neu]] ==

Need to put a redirect-placeholder here. The page is blocked from creation by non-administrators because of lack of valid ISO code.

&lt;poem&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{MovedtoIncPlus2|Wp/neu}}
[[Category:Incubator:Test wikis/code/art|neu]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/poem&gt; [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 06:02, 30 August 2026 (UTC)
:I suggest that we don't put any new references to &quot;Incubator Plus&quot;. It's completely unrelated to this Incubator and there is really no reason why we should promote any projects there in languages that we ourselves do not allow here. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 19:17, 4 September 2026 (UTC)

== i accidentally made two accounts, these are both me ==

SinaSabet28 is also my account, I made two by mistake. Could one of these accounts be deleted? [[User:Sheitune|Sheitune]] ([[User talk:Sheitune|talk]]) 08:47, 31 August 2026 (UTC)

:They can't be deleted now, leave the other account as is. 🪶-[[User:Tanbiruzzaman|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:monospace;color:#006400;letter-spacing:1px;&quot;&gt;TΛNBIRUZZΛMΛN&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Tanbiruzzaman|💬]]) 08:50, 31 August 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>nq732d98nspy3pveha6nqknquvk3k28</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305106</id>
      <parentid>7305082</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:29:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh</username>
        <id>2568625</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Machine translations by Руй Пульези */ Reply</comment>
      <origin>7305106</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12161" sha1="1xiwrcex2uqcitow5ietd4dmdyvzia7" xml:space="preserve">{{Incubator:Administrators' noticeboard/top}}

{{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 3
| archive = '((FULLPAGENAME))/Archive/((year))' | show = yes | timeout = 31 | overview=[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Archive|Archive]] }}
== Unilateral replacement of [[Wy/sh]] with [[Wy/hr]] ==

Hello! Can an Incubator administrator please undo Wy/sh redirects, delete Wy/hr copies of original Wy/sh pages, and protect the pages from further disruption? Thanks! – [[User:Vipz|Vipz]] ([[User talk:Vipz|talk]] · [[User:Vipz/isv|isv]]) 05:30, 11 July 2026 (UTC)

:Either the admins have mostly dealt with this situation by now, or there wasn't much to revert at all. While yes I am nt an administrator it looks like there's nothing but the main page in [[Wy/hr]]. I reverted [[Wy/sh/Glavna stranica]] but maybe I shouldn't do anything else? Although it looks to be almost a month since this request was made; he asked for an ''administrator''. [[User:Kxeon|Kxeon]] ([[User talk:Kxeon|talk]]) 21:14, 5 August 2026 (UTC)

== Translations by sockpuppets of [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗|林詩朗]] ==

Please delete all translations created by the following accounts:

* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗56|林詩朗56]]
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗3213|林詩朗3213]]
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗3218|林詩朗3218]]

All are sockpuppets of [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗|林詩朗]], who have been blocked and locked multiple times before for creating machine translations (see also [[#林詩朗39]]):

* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗39|林詩朗39]] (locked)
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗92|林詩朗92]] (blocked in December 2025)
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗9982|林詩朗9982]] (blocked in December 2025)

Other as-of-yet dormant accounts:

* [[Special:CA/林詩朗22|林詩朗22]] (not registered here)
* [[Special:Contribs/林詩朗44|林詩朗44]]
* [[Special:CA/林詩朗2992|林詩朗2992]] (not registered here)

[[User:NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh|&lt;span class=&quot;skin-invert&quot; style=&quot;color:black;font-family:Monotype Corsiva,sans-serif;font-size:110%;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal&quot;&gt;NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh&lt;/span&gt;]] 22:43, 4 August 2026 (UTC)
:Done. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 22:14, 10 August 2026 (UTC)

== Event namespace ==

Hello, I want to create a page like &quot;Event:Wb/su/Sundanese Wikibooks editathon&quot; but it says &quot;Permission error.&quot; Is there a way to create [[meta:Event Center/Registration|Event page]] on Incubator?

Thank you. [[User:Deepturquoise|Deepturquoise]] ([[User talk:Deepturquoise|talk]]) 02:47, 14 August 2026 (UTC)
:[[User:Deepturquoise|Deepturquoise]]: There is no such possibility. Please use the [[:m:Event Center/Registration]] on Meta. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 13:31, 25 August 2026 (UTC)

== Request to start Wp/kl (Greenlandic Wikipedia) test wiki ==

Hi administrators,

I would like to request permission to start creating test pages for the Greenlandic (Kalaalisut) Wikipedia under the prefix Wp/kl. 

The previous wiki was closed due to machine-translation spam, but I intend to contribute with high-quality, manual translations and human-generated content. Please let me know if I can begin creating the main page.

I am a native speaker of kalaallisut, and is a bachelor student of translation and interpreting.

Thank you!


[[User:Greenlander translator|Greenlander translator]] ([[User talk:Greenlander translator|talk]]) 14:54, 27 August 2026 (UTC)

== Request to block [[User:ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ]] ==
I propose to block [[User:ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ]] due to [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ acts of vandalism]. Almost all of the user's edits consist of redirecting entries to the main page of Puxian Wikipedia (Wp/cpx). Additionally, I have noticed that the username ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ (&quot;Manchu&quot; in Manchu script) is being used to engage in vandalism. I am not sure whether the user has any genuine connection to the Manchu language and its speakers. This is '''particularly inappropriate and unacceptable''' because the name {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ}} (manju) is not merely a username: it represents the Manchu language, its speakers, its learners.--[[User:MiiCii|MiiCii ({{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|ᠰᠠᡳᠴᡠᠩᡤᠠ}} Saicungga)]] ([[User talk:MiiCii|talk]]) 15:18, 27 August 2026 (UTC)
:Blocked. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 20:40, 27 August 2026 (UTC)

== Machine translations by Руй Пульези ==

Please delete everything created by [[Special:Contribs/Руй Пульези|Руй Пульези]] and their sock [[Special:Contribs/Müharibə|Müharibə]]. They have been creating many translations on Incubator and other wikis, in many different languages. Some, like [[Translations:Help:FAQ/85/lv|this one]], are clearly machine translations or LLM-generated; presumably, the rest are as well. [[User:NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh|&lt;span class=&quot;skin-invert&quot; style=&quot;color:black;font-family:Monotype Corsiva,sans-serif;font-size:110%;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal&quot;&gt;NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh&lt;/span&gt;]] 00:52, 30 August 2026 (UTC)
:I've seen this and agree it should be done; unfortunately as the edits are so old, it doesn't work with Special:Nuke so I can't do it right now in one click. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 19:08, 4 September 2026 (UTC)

{{ping|MF-Warburg}} For your convenience, [[:en:User:Animum/massdelete.js|here]]'s a user script and here's the list:

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; id=&quot;mw-customcollapsible-722a2387-5602-4746-b6df-e9565b16c3d0&quot; data-expandtext=&quot;{{int:collapsible-expand}}&quot; data-collapsetext=&quot;{{int:collapsible-collapse}}&quot;&gt;
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[[User:NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh|&lt;span class=&quot;skin-invert&quot; style=&quot;color:black;font-family:Monotype Corsiva,sans-serif;font-size:110%;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal&quot;&gt;NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh&lt;/span&gt;]] 20:29, 4 September 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wp/neu]] ==

Need to put a redirect-placeholder here. The page is blocked from creation by non-administrators because of lack of valid ISO code.

&lt;poem&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{MovedtoIncPlus2|Wp/neu}}
[[Category:Incubator:Test wikis/code/art|neu]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/poem&gt; [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 06:02, 30 August 2026 (UTC)
:I suggest that we don't put any new references to &quot;Incubator Plus&quot;. It's completely unrelated to this Incubator and there is really no reason why we should promote any projects there in languages that we ourselves do not allow here. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 19:17, 4 September 2026 (UTC)

== i accidentally made two accounts, these are both me ==

SinaSabet28 is also my account, I made two by mistake. Could one of these accounts be deleted? [[User:Sheitune|Sheitune]] ([[User talk:Sheitune|talk]]) 08:47, 31 August 2026 (UTC)

:They can't be deleted now, leave the other account as is. 🪶-[[User:Tanbiruzzaman|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:monospace;color:#006400;letter-spacing:1px;&quot;&gt;TΛNBIRUZZΛMΛN&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Tanbiruzzaman|💬]]) 08:50, 31 August 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>1xiwrcex2uqcitow5ietd4dmdyvzia7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/evn/Нонопты страница</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305330</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:52:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Таёжный лес</username>
        <id>2566317</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305330</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="5016" sha1="egsekod1bp0hdwne6iicvvespjr5r7y" xml:space="preserve">{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|-----
!align=center|Википедия, чумку энциклопедия
{{Wp/evn/Main Page navigation}}
[[File:Flag_of_Evenkia.svg|200px|right]]
Мэнду! Эр эвэды турэнди тестты Википедия сотку авданнан.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Добро пожаловать в [[:ru:Эвенкийский язык|Эвенкийскую]] Википедию!''' Это — пробный раздел Википедии на эвенкийском языке.

Ваш вклад в создание Эвенкийской Википедии будет высоко оценён. Просьба о создании Эвенкийской Википедии будет утверждена, когда здесь будет достаточно содержательных статей. Когда она будет одобрена, всё содержимое будет перенесено в отдельный раздел.

Поскольку это пробная вики, все статьи здесь необходимо начинать с префиксом Wp/evn/. Например, статья «[[Wp/evn/Эвэды турэн|Эвэды турэн]]» должна называться здесь «Wp/evn/Эвэды турэн».

Можно использовать любое наречие эвенкийского.&lt;/small&gt;
------

''Пожалуйста, помогите с переводом этой страницы на эвенкийский.''
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;'''Создать новую статью:'''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;inputbox&gt;
 type=create
 width=40
 preload=Template:Standard content for new page
 editintro=Template:Instructions
 prefix=Wp/evn/
&lt;/inputbox&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|-----
!&lt;big&gt;Упкачил статьял&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|align=center|
&lt;center&gt; Сейчас здесь '''{{Wp/evn/NUMBEROFARTICLES}}''' статей на эвенкийском языке.
{{special:PrefixIndex/Wp/evn/}}
[[Special:PrefixIndex/Category:Wp/evn|Все категории]]&lt;br&gt;
|}
{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
! &lt;big&gt;Эвэдыл &lt;abbr title=&quot;проекыл&quot;&gt;омачир&lt;/abbr&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|
* Викимэдэвкэл:
** [[n:ru:Омакта нимҥакан-книга ючэн|Омакта нимҥакан-книга ючэн]] — 1 гиравун 2016
** [[n:ru:Нируңнаду туксан-эстафета ңэнэрэн|Нируңнаду туксан-эстафета ңэнэрэн]] — 20 сонкан 2016&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wt/evn/Нонопты страница|Викитурэрук — эвэды турэнди турэрук]]
* [https://ilken.ru/evenki/ Илкэн – портал бэелни Северду индерил]
|
* [https://www.evenkiteka.ru/ Эвенкитека — эвэды библиотека] {{Wp/evn/Ref-ru}}
* [https://www.evengus.ru/ Эвенгус — сайт-татыгавун] {{Wp/evn/Ref-ru}}
----
* [https://evenkya.gosuslugi.ru/dlya-zhiteley/uslugi-i-servisy/sredstva-massovoy-informatsii/munitsipalnaya-gazeta-evenkiyskaya-zhizn/?cur_cc=508&amp;curPos=40 «Эвэды Ин» — Эвенкияду газета]&lt;br&gt;
* [https://taimyr24.gosuslugi.ru/glavnoe/dopolnitelnye-resursy/gazeta-taymyr/ «Таймыр» — Таймырду газета]
|}
{| width=&quot;100%&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;toccolours&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|- 
! Красноярскай крайду бивкэлди турэрди Википедиял
|- align=&quot;center&quot; 
||  &lt;div width=&quot;88%&quot; style=&quot;background:none;text-align:center;padding:5px 5px 0 5px;margin-bottom:0px;&quot;&gt;

&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:100%&quot;&gt;
[[File:Flag_of_Tuva.svg|25px]] [[:tyv:|Тувады]] • [[File:Flag_of_Sakha.svg|25px]] [[:sah:|Ёкоды]]&lt;br&gt;
----
[[File:Flag of Khakassia.svg|25px]] [[Wp/kjh/Ӧӧн страница|Хакасты]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Coat of Arms of Anabarsky national rayon (Yakutia).svg|25px]] [[Wp/dlg/Һүрүн һырай|Долгады]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Tomsk Oblast.svg|25px]] [[Wp/sel/Варг нагырбыдимы|Селькупты]]&amp;nbsp;•  
[[File:Flag of Turukhansky rayon (Krasnoyarsk krai).png|25px]] [[Wp/ket/Main_Page|Кетты]]
----
[[File:Flag of Sayansky rayon (Krasnoyarsk krai).png|25px]] [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Wp/xas/асновной_пяӈдǝнна_саазөн Камасты]&amp;nbsp;•
[[File:Flag of the Chulym People.svg|25px]] [[Wp/clw/Main Page|Чулымды]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Nenets Autonomous District.svg|25px]] [[Wp/yrk/Main_Page|Ненецты]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Evenkia.svg|25px]] [[Wp/evn/Нонопты страница|Эвэды]]&amp;nbsp;• 
|}

{{INTERWIKI|Q5296}}

[[Category:Wp/evn|*]]</text>
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      <text bytes="5036" sha1="tvz49r1i3z7w2uohpzw7m7t1dr7lzw0" xml:space="preserve">{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|-----
|align=center|&lt;big&gt;'''Википедия — чумку энциклопедия'''&lt;/big&gt;
{{Wp/evn/Main Page navigation}}
[[File:Flag_of_Evenkia.svg|200px|right]]
Мэнду! Эр эвэды турэнди тестты Википедия сотку авданнан.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Добро пожаловать в [[:ru:Эвенкийский язык|Эвенкийскую]] Википедию!''' Это — пробный раздел Википедии на эвенкийском языке.

Ваш вклад в создание Эвенкийской Википедии будет высоко оценён. Просьба о создании Эвенкийской Википедии будет утверждена, когда здесь будет достаточно содержательных статей. Когда она будет одобрена, всё содержимое будет перенесено в отдельный раздел.

Поскольку это пробная вики, все статьи здесь необходимо начинать с префиксом Wp/evn/. Например, статья «[[Wp/evn/Эвэды турэн|Эвэды турэн]]» должна называться здесь «Wp/evn/Эвэды турэн».

Можно использовать любое наречие эвенкийского.&lt;/small&gt;
------

''Пожалуйста, помогите с переводом этой страницы на эвенкийский.''
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;'''Создать новую статью:'''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;inputbox&gt;
 type=create
 width=40
 preload=Template:Standard content for new page
 editintro=Template:Instructions
 prefix=Wp/evn/
&lt;/inputbox&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|-----
!&lt;big&gt;Упкачил статьял&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|align=center|
&lt;center&gt; Сейчас здесь '''{{Wp/evn/NUMBEROFARTICLES}}''' статей на эвенкийском языке.
{{special:PrefixIndex/Wp/evn/}}
[[Special:PrefixIndex/Category:Wp/evn|Все категории]]&lt;br&gt;
|}
{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
! &lt;big&gt;Эвэдыл &lt;abbr title=&quot;проекыл&quot;&gt;омачир&lt;/abbr&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|
* Викимэдэвкэл:
** [[n:ru:Омакта нимҥакан-книга ючэн|Омакта нимҥакан-книга ючэн]] — 1 гиравун 2016
** [[n:ru:Нируңнаду туксан-эстафета ңэнэрэн|Нируңнаду туксан-эстафета ңэнэрэн]] — 20 сонкан 2016&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wt/evn/Нонопты страница|Викитурэрук — эвэды турэнди турэрук]]
* [https://ilken.ru/evenki/ Илкэн – портал бэелни Северду индерил]
|
* [https://www.evenkiteka.ru/ Эвенкитека — эвэды библиотека] {{Wp/evn/Ref-ru}}
* [https://www.evengus.ru/ Эвенгус — сайт-татыгавун] {{Wp/evn/Ref-ru}}
----
* [https://evenkya.gosuslugi.ru/dlya-zhiteley/uslugi-i-servisy/sredstva-massovoy-informatsii/munitsipalnaya-gazeta-evenkiyskaya-zhizn/?cur_cc=508&amp;curPos=40 «Эвэды Ин» — Эвенкияду газета]&lt;br&gt;
* [https://taimyr24.gosuslugi.ru/glavnoe/dopolnitelnye-resursy/gazeta-taymyr/ «Таймыр» — Таймырду газета]
|}
{| width=&quot;100%&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;toccolours&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|- 
! Красноярскай крайду бивкэлди турэрди Википедиял
|- align=&quot;center&quot; 
||  &lt;div width=&quot;88%&quot; style=&quot;background:none;text-align:center;padding:5px 5px 0 5px;margin-bottom:0px;&quot;&gt;

&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:100%&quot;&gt;
[[File:Flag_of_Tuva.svg|25px]] [[:tyv:|Тувады]] • [[File:Flag_of_Sakha.svg|25px]] [[:sah:|Ёкоды]]&lt;br&gt;
----
[[File:Flag of Khakassia.svg|25px]] [[Wp/kjh/Ӧӧн страница|Хакасты]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Coat of Arms of Anabarsky national rayon (Yakutia).svg|25px]] [[Wp/dlg/Һүрүн һырай|Долгады]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Tomsk Oblast.svg|25px]] [[Wp/sel/Варг нагырбыдимы|Селькупты]]&amp;nbsp;•  
[[File:Flag of Turukhansky rayon (Krasnoyarsk krai).png|25px]] [[Wp/ket/Main_Page|Кетты]]
----
[[File:Flag of Sayansky rayon (Krasnoyarsk krai).png|25px]] [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Wp/xas/асновной_пяӈдǝнна_саазөн Камасты]&amp;nbsp;•
[[File:Flag of the Chulym People.svg|25px]] [[Wp/clw/Main Page|Чулымды]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Nenets Autonomous District.svg|25px]] [[Wp/yrk/Main_Page|Ненецты]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Evenkia.svg|25px]] [[Wp/evn/Нонопты страница|Эвэды]]&amp;nbsp;• 
|}

{{INTERWIKI|Q5296}}

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      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7399" sha1="d9vkm6a56f2ktco2h0vxzoxch91shu8" xml:space="preserve">{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|-----
|align=center|&lt;big&gt;[[File:Flag_of_Evenkia.svg|20px]] '''Википедия — чумку энциклопедия'''&lt;/big&gt;
{{Wp/evn/Main Page navigation}}

Мэнду! Эр эвэды турэнди тестты Википедия сотку авданнан.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Добро пожаловать в [[:ru:Эвенкийский язык|Эвенкийскую]] Википедию!''' Это — пробный раздел Википедии на эвенкийском языке.&lt;/small&gt;

Ваш вклад в создание Эвенкийской Википедии будет высоко оценён. Просьба о создании Эвенкийской Википедии будет утверждена, когда здесь будет достаточно содержательных статей. Когда она будет одобрена, всё содержимое будет перенесено в отдельный раздел.

Поскольку это пробная вики, все статьи здесь необходимо начинать с префиксом Wp/evn/. Например, статья «[[Wp/evn/Эвэды турэн|Эвэды турэн]]» должна называться здесь «Wp/evn/Эвэды турэн».

Можно использовать любое наречие эвенкийского.
------

''Пожалуйста, помогите с переводом этой страницы на эвенкийский.''
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;'''Создать новую статью:'''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;inputbox&gt;
 type=create
 width=40
 preload=Template:Standard content for new page
 editintro=Template:Instructions
 prefix=Wp/evn/
&lt;/inputbox&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
|}

{|width=&quot;100%&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|width=&quot;50%&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot;|
[[Image:Good article review circle logo.svg|30px]]&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;big&gt;'''Ая статья'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:-1ex auto 0; padding: 0 2ex .5ex&quot;&gt; 
'''Ури дулку''' ({{Wp/evn/Lang-la|Álnus alnobétula}}) — эр [[Wp/evn/Мо|мо]]. Упкат эвэнкил эрэвэ мова умунди турэнди «дулку» гэрбивкил. Хадун таравэ мэрӈирдивэр хэӈкэдивэр гунивкил «дулгикта, дулгиктэ, тулкуктэ, дугиксэ, дулгик, дулгимкура».

Эр мо авданна бурудеричи чалбамэл кэргэндуктын бисин. Дулку гугдан дяпкундук метралдук дюр дяр тунӈала — илан дярдула метралдула исивки. Дагачанин наптамама, сэрэмэчи улдаксачи бивки. Хадун-ка дагачан игдярин овки. Ӈиӈтэлин угигит дуннэдук итывувчал, даригул-ка ӈиӈтэл дырамдявкил. Авданнал мурукэссэл, мудасалтын хунавувчал. Болорил-ка авданна окин-да эвкил оланэ. Бурудеӈэдулэвэр тарил чуламалди эмэнмувкил. Эргэчирди бинаэл, авданнал дуннэлэ буруливкил. Илмактал балдыгал тадук авданнал камнучил, эчэл-дэ ламбарал бивкил. Чуктылин — лолуктал (бэедыл) локучадярилду гаракарду дявучавдявкил. Асадыл-ка няӈтакакарвэ урэдевкил, урумкур биси.

[[Wp/evn/Дулку|...]]

&lt;br clear=&quot;all&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

|&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
|width=&quot;50%&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;|
[[Image:OOjs UI icon sun-ltr.svg|27px]]&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;big&gt;'''Инэӈмэн тыргани'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:-1ex auto 0; padding: 0 2ex .5ex&quot;&gt; 


|colspan=2 class=&quot;MainPageBG&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid #c6cbff;background-color:#e4ecff;vertical-align:top;color:#000;&quot;|
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|-----
!&lt;big&gt;Упкачил статьял&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|align=center|
&lt;center&gt; Сейчас здесь '''{{Wp/evn/NUMBEROFARTICLES}}''' статьи на эвенкийском языке.
{{special:PrefixIndex/Wp/evn/}}
[[Special:PrefixIndex/Category:Wp/evn|Все категории]]&lt;br&gt;
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
! &lt;big&gt;Эвэдыл &lt;abbr title=&quot;проекыл&quot;&gt;омачир&lt;/abbr&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|
* Викимэдэвкэл:
** [[n:ru:Омакта нимҥакан-книга ючэн|Омакта нимҥакан-книга ючэн]] — 1 гиравун 2016
** [[n:ru:Нируңнаду туксан-эстафета ңэнэрэн|Нируңнаду туксан-эстафета ңэнэрэн]] — 20 сонкан 2016&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wt/evn/Нонопты страница|Викитурэрук — эвэды турэнди турэрук]]
* [https://ilken.ru/evenki/ Илкэн – портал бэелни Северду индерил]
|
* [https://www.evenkiteka.ru/ Эвенкитека — эвэды библиотека] {{Wp/evn/Ref-ru}}
* [https://www.evengus.ru/ Эвенгус — сайт-татыгавун] {{Wp/evn/Ref-ru}}
----
* [https://evenkya.gosuslugi.ru/dlya-zhiteley/uslugi-i-servisy/sredstva-massovoy-informatsii/munitsipalnaya-gazeta-evenkiyskaya-zhizn/?cur_cc=508&amp;curPos=40 «Эвэды Ин» — Эвенкияду газета]&lt;br&gt;
* [https://taimyr24.gosuslugi.ru/glavnoe/dopolnitelnye-resursy/gazeta-taymyr/ «Таймыр» — Таймырду газета]
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;toccolours&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|- 
! Красноярскай крайду бивкэлди турэрди Википедиял
|- align=&quot;center&quot; 
||  &lt;div width=&quot;88%&quot; style=&quot;background:none;text-align:center;padding:5px 5px 0 5px;margin-bottom:0px;&quot;&gt;

&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:100%&quot;&gt;
[[File:Flag_of_Tuva.svg|25px]] [[:tyv:|Тувады]] • [[File:Flag_of_Sakha.svg|25px]] [[:sah:|Ёкоды]]&lt;br&gt;
----
[[File:Flag of Khakassia.svg|25px]] [[Wp/kjh/Ӧӧн страница|Хакасты]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Coat of Arms of Anabarsky national rayon (Yakutia).svg|25px]] [[Wp/dlg/Һүрүн һырай|Долгады]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Tomsk Oblast.svg|25px]] [[Wp/sel/Варг нагырбыдимы|Селькупты]]&amp;nbsp;•  
[[File:Flag of Turukhansky rayon (Krasnoyarsk krai).png|25px]] [[Wp/ket/Main_Page|Кетты]]
----
[[File:Flag of Sayansky rayon (Krasnoyarsk krai).png|25px]] [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Wp/xas/асновной_пяӈдǝнна_саазөн Камасты]&amp;nbsp;•
[[File:Flag of the Chulym People.svg|25px]] [[Wp/clw/Main Page|Чулымды]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Nenets Autonomous District.svg|25px]] [[Wp/yrk/Main_Page|Ненецты]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Evenkia.svg|25px]] [[Wp/evn/Нонопты страница|Эвэды]]&amp;nbsp;• 
|}

{{INTERWIKI|Q5296}}

[[Category:Wp/evn|*]]</text>
      <sha1>d9vkm6a56f2ktco2h0vxzoxch91shu8</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305347</id>
      <parentid>7305343</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:24:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Таёжный лес</username>
        <id>2566317</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305347</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7478" sha1="nwlunbdfnmo0lvmh7gmhi1nrzfplxyu" xml:space="preserve">{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|-----
|align=center|&lt;big&gt;[[File:Flag_of_Evenkia.svg|20px]] '''Википедия — чумку энциклопедия'''&lt;/big&gt;
{{Wp/evn/Main Page navigation}}

Мэнду! Эр эвэды турэнди тестты Википедия сотку авданнан.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Добро пожаловать в [[:ru:Эвенкийский язык|Эвенкийскую]] Википедию!''' Это — пробный раздел Википедии на эвенкийском языке.&lt;/small&gt;

Ваш вклад в создание Эвенкийской Википедии будет высоко оценён. Просьба о создании Эвенкийской Википедии будет утверждена, когда здесь будет достаточно содержательных статей. Когда она будет одобрена, всё содержимое будет перенесено в отдельный раздел.

Поскольку это пробная вики, все статьи здесь необходимо начинать с префиксом Wp/evn/. Например, статья «[[Wp/evn/Эвэды турэн|Эвэды турэн]]» должна называться здесь «Wp/evn/Эвэды турэн».

Можно использовать любое наречие эвенкийского.
------

''Пожалуйста, помогите с переводом этой страницы на эвенкийский.''
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;'''Создать новую статью:'''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;inputbox&gt;
 type=create
 width=40
 preload=Template:Standard content for new page
 editintro=Template:Instructions
 prefix=Wp/evn/
&lt;/inputbox&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
|}

{|width=&quot;100%&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|width=&quot;50%&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot;|
[[Image:Good article review circle logo.svg|30px]]&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;big&gt;'''Ая статья'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:-1ex auto 0; padding: 0 2ex .5ex&quot;&gt;
[[File:Вид с Дзендзура.jpg|thumb|Дулку Камчаткаду]]
'''Ури дулку''' ({{Wp/evn/Lang-la|Álnus alnobétula}}) — эр [[Wp/evn/Мо|мо]]. Упкат эвэнкил эрэвэ мова умунди турэнди «дулку» гэрбивкил. Хадун таравэ мэрӈирдивэр хэӈкэдивэр гунивкил «дулгикта, дулгиктэ, тулкуктэ, дугиксэ, дулгик, дулгимкура».

Эр мо авданна бурудеричи чалбамэл кэргэндуктын бисин. Дулку гугдан дяпкундук метралдук дюр дяр тунӈала — илан дярдула метралдула исивки. Дагачанин наптамама, сэрэмэчи улдаксачи бивки. Хадун-ка дагачан игдярин овки. Ӈиӈтэлин угигит дуннэдук итывувчал, даригул-ка ӈиӈтэл дырамдявкил. Авданнал мурукэссэл, мудасалтын хунавувчал. Болорил-ка авданна окин-да эвкил оланэ. Бурудеӈэдулэвэр тарил чуламалди эмэнмувкил. Эргэчирди бинаэл, авданнал дуннэлэ буруливкил. Илмактал балдыгал тадук авданнал камнучил, эчэл-дэ ламбарал бивкил. Чуктылин — лолуктал (бэедыл) локучадярилду гаракарду дявучавдявкил. Асадыл-ка няӈтакакарвэ урэдевкил, урумкур биси.

[[Wp/evn/Дулку|...]]

&lt;br clear=&quot;all&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

|&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
|width=&quot;50%&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;|
[[Image:OOjs UI icon sun-ltr.svg|27px]]&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;big&gt;'''Инэӈмэн тыргани'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:-1ex auto 0; padding: 0 2ex .5ex&quot;&gt; 


|colspan=2 class=&quot;MainPageBG&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid #c6cbff;background-color:#e4ecff;vertical-align:top;color:#000;&quot;|
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|-----
!&lt;big&gt;Упкачил статьял&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|align=center|
&lt;center&gt; Сейчас здесь '''{{Wp/evn/NUMBEROFARTICLES}}''' статьи на эвенкийском языке.
{{special:PrefixIndex/Wp/evn/}}
[[Special:PrefixIndex/Category:Wp/evn|Все категории]]&lt;br&gt;
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
! &lt;big&gt;Эвэдыл &lt;abbr title=&quot;проекыл&quot;&gt;омачир&lt;/abbr&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|
* Викимэдэвкэл:
** [[n:ru:Омакта нимҥакан-книга ючэн|Омакта нимҥакан-книга ючэн]] — 1 гиравун 2016
** [[n:ru:Нируңнаду туксан-эстафета ңэнэрэн|Нируңнаду туксан-эстафета ңэнэрэн]] — 20 сонкан 2016&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wt/evn/Нонопты страница|Викитурэрук — эвэды турэнди турэрук]]
* [https://ilken.ru/evenki/ Илкэн – портал бэелни Северду индерил]
|
* [https://www.evenkiteka.ru/ Эвенкитека — эвэды библиотека] {{Wp/evn/Ref-ru}}
* [https://www.evengus.ru/ Эвенгус — сайт-татыгавун] {{Wp/evn/Ref-ru}}
----
* [https://evenkya.gosuslugi.ru/dlya-zhiteley/uslugi-i-servisy/sredstva-massovoy-informatsii/munitsipalnaya-gazeta-evenkiyskaya-zhizn/?cur_cc=508&amp;curPos=40 «Эвэды Ин» — Эвенкияду газета]&lt;br&gt;
* [https://taimyr24.gosuslugi.ru/glavnoe/dopolnitelnye-resursy/gazeta-taymyr/ «Таймыр» — Таймырду газета]
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;toccolours&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|- 
! Красноярскай крайду бивкэлди турэрди Википедиял
|- align=&quot;center&quot; 
||  &lt;div width=&quot;88%&quot; style=&quot;background:none;text-align:center;padding:5px 5px 0 5px;margin-bottom:0px;&quot;&gt;

&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:100%&quot;&gt;
[[File:Flag_of_Tuva.svg|25px]] [[:tyv:|Тувады]] • [[File:Flag_of_Sakha.svg|25px]] [[:sah:|Ёкоды]]&lt;br&gt;
----
[[File:Flag of Khakassia.svg|25px]] [[Wp/kjh/Ӧӧн страница|Хакасты]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Coat of Arms of Anabarsky national rayon (Yakutia).svg|25px]] [[Wp/dlg/Һүрүн һырай|Долгады]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Tomsk Oblast.svg|25px]] [[Wp/sel/Варг нагырбыдимы|Селькупты]]&amp;nbsp;•  
[[File:Flag of Turukhansky rayon (Krasnoyarsk krai).png|25px]] [[Wp/ket/Main_Page|Кетты]]
----
[[File:Flag of Sayansky rayon (Krasnoyarsk krai).png|25px]] [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Wp/xas/асновной_пяӈдǝнна_саазөн Камасты]&amp;nbsp;•
[[File:Flag of the Chulym People.svg|25px]] [[Wp/clw/Main Page|Чулымды]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Nenets Autonomous District.svg|25px]] [[Wp/yrk/Main_Page|Ненецты]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Evenkia.svg|25px]] [[Wp/evn/Нонопты страница|Эвэды]]&amp;nbsp;• 
|}

{{INTERWIKI|Q5296}}

[[Category:Wp/evn|*]]</text>
      <sha1>nwlunbdfnmo0lvmh7gmhi1nrzfplxyu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305348</id>
      <parentid>7305347</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:27:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Таёжный лес</username>
        <id>2566317</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305348</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7478" sha1="hkbf1ds13gn63qjv1ros2jqkkmb0ahy" xml:space="preserve">{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|-----
|align=center|&lt;big&gt;[[File:Flag_of_Evenkia.svg|20px]] '''Википедия — чумку энциклопедия'''&lt;/big&gt;
{{Wp/evn/Main Page navigation}}

Мэнду! Эр эвэды турэнди тестты Википедия сотку авданнан.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Добро пожаловать в [[:ru:Эвенкийский язык|Эвенкийскую]] Википедию!''' Это — пробный раздел Википедии на эвенкийском языке.&lt;/small&gt;

Ваш вклад в создание Эвенкийской Википедии будет высоко оценён. Просьба о создании Эвенкийской Википедии будет утверждена, когда здесь будет достаточно содержательных статей. Когда она будет одобрена, всё содержимое будет перенесено в отдельный раздел.

Поскольку это пробная вики, все статьи здесь необходимо начинать с префиксом Wp/evn/. Например, статья «[[Wp/evn/Эвэды турэн|Эвэды турэн]]» должна называться здесь «Wp/evn/Эвэды турэн».

Можно использовать любое наречие эвенкийского.
------

''Пожалуйста, помогите с переводом этой страницы на эвенкийский.''
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;'''Создать новую статью:'''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;inputbox&gt;
 type=create
 width=40
 preload=Template:Standard content for new page
 editintro=Template:Instructions
 prefix=Wp/evn/
&lt;/inputbox&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
|}

{|width=&quot;100%&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|width=&quot;50%&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot;|
&lt;big&gt;[[Image:Good article review circle logo.svg|30px]]&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;'''Ая статья'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:-1ex auto 0; padding: 0 2ex .5ex&quot;&gt;
[[File:Вид с Дзендзура.jpg|thumb|Дулку Камчаткаду]]
'''Ури дулку''' ({{Wp/evn/Lang-la|Álnus alnobétula}}) — эр [[Wp/evn/Мо|мо]]. Упкат эвэнкил эрэвэ мова умунди турэнди «дулку» гэрбивкил. Хадун таравэ мэрӈирдивэр хэӈкэдивэр гунивкил «дулгикта, дулгиктэ, тулкуктэ, дугиксэ, дулгик, дулгимкура».

Эр мо авданна бурудеричи чалбамэл кэргэндуктын бисин. Дулку гугдан дяпкундук метралдук дюр дяр тунӈала — илан дярдула метралдула исивки. Дагачанин наптамама, сэрэмэчи улдаксачи бивки. Хадун-ка дагачан игдярин овки. Ӈиӈтэлин угигит дуннэдук итывувчал, даригул-ка ӈиӈтэл дырамдявкил. Авданнал мурукэссэл, мудасалтын хунавувчал. Болорил-ка авданна окин-да эвкил оланэ. Бурудеӈэдулэвэр тарил чуламалди эмэнмувкил. Эргэчирди бинаэл, авданнал дуннэлэ буруливкил. Илмактал балдыгал тадук авданнал камнучил, эчэл-дэ ламбарал бивкил. Чуктылин — лолуктал (бэедыл) локучадярилду гаракарду дявучавдявкил. Асадыл-ка няӈтакакарвэ урэдевкил, урумкур биси.

[[Wp/evn/Дулку|...]]

&lt;br clear=&quot;all&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

|&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
|width=&quot;50%&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;|
[[Image:OOjs UI icon sun-ltr.svg|27px]]&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;big&gt;'''Инэӈмэн тыргани'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:-1ex auto 0; padding: 0 2ex .5ex&quot;&gt; 


|colspan=2 class=&quot;MainPageBG&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid #c6cbff;background-color:#e4ecff;vertical-align:top;color:#000;&quot;|
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|-----
!&lt;big&gt;Упкачил статьял&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|align=center|
&lt;center&gt; Сейчас здесь '''{{Wp/evn/NUMBEROFARTICLES}}''' статьи на эвенкийском языке.
{{special:PrefixIndex/Wp/evn/}}
[[Special:PrefixIndex/Category:Wp/evn|Все категории]]&lt;br&gt;
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
! &lt;big&gt;Эвэдыл &lt;abbr title=&quot;проекыл&quot;&gt;омачир&lt;/abbr&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|
* Викимэдэвкэл:
** [[n:ru:Омакта нимҥакан-книга ючэн|Омакта нимҥакан-книга ючэн]] — 1 гиравун 2016
** [[n:ru:Нируңнаду туксан-эстафета ңэнэрэн|Нируңнаду туксан-эстафета ңэнэрэн]] — 20 сонкан 2016&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wt/evn/Нонопты страница|Викитурэрук — эвэды турэнди турэрук]]
* [https://ilken.ru/evenki/ Илкэн – портал бэелни Северду индерил]
|
* [https://www.evenkiteka.ru/ Эвенкитека — эвэды библиотека] {{Wp/evn/Ref-ru}}
* [https://www.evengus.ru/ Эвенгус — сайт-татыгавун] {{Wp/evn/Ref-ru}}
----
* [https://evenkya.gosuslugi.ru/dlya-zhiteley/uslugi-i-servisy/sredstva-massovoy-informatsii/munitsipalnaya-gazeta-evenkiyskaya-zhizn/?cur_cc=508&amp;curPos=40 «Эвэды Ин» — Эвенкияду газета]&lt;br&gt;
* [https://taimyr24.gosuslugi.ru/glavnoe/dopolnitelnye-resursy/gazeta-taymyr/ «Таймыр» — Таймырду газета]
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;toccolours&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|- 
! Красноярскай крайду бивкэлди турэрди Википедиял
|- align=&quot;center&quot; 
||  &lt;div width=&quot;88%&quot; style=&quot;background:none;text-align:center;padding:5px 5px 0 5px;margin-bottom:0px;&quot;&gt;

&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:100%&quot;&gt;
[[File:Flag_of_Tuva.svg|25px]] [[:tyv:|Тувады]] • [[File:Flag_of_Sakha.svg|25px]] [[:sah:|Ёкоды]]&lt;br&gt;
----
[[File:Flag of Khakassia.svg|25px]] [[Wp/kjh/Ӧӧн страница|Хакасты]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Coat of Arms of Anabarsky national rayon (Yakutia).svg|25px]] [[Wp/dlg/Һүрүн һырай|Долгады]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Tomsk Oblast.svg|25px]] [[Wp/sel/Варг нагырбыдимы|Селькупты]]&amp;nbsp;•  
[[File:Flag of Turukhansky rayon (Krasnoyarsk krai).png|25px]] [[Wp/ket/Main_Page|Кетты]]
----
[[File:Flag of Sayansky rayon (Krasnoyarsk krai).png|25px]] [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Wp/xas/асновной_пяӈдǝнна_саазөн Камасты]&amp;nbsp;•
[[File:Flag of the Chulym People.svg|25px]] [[Wp/clw/Main Page|Чулымды]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Nenets Autonomous District.svg|25px]] [[Wp/yrk/Main_Page|Ненецты]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Evenkia.svg|25px]] [[Wp/evn/Нонопты страница|Эвэды]]&amp;nbsp;• 
|}

{{INTERWIKI|Q5296}}

[[Category:Wp/evn|*]]</text>
      <sha1>hkbf1ds13gn63qjv1ros2jqkkmb0ahy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305349</id>
      <parentid>7305348</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:28:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Таёжный лес</username>
        <id>2566317</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305349</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7471" sha1="pnp0a09hj5cd9k06yyw05fn8k1lg9hx" xml:space="preserve">{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|-----
|align=center|&lt;big&gt;[[File:Flag_of_Evenkia.svg|20px]] '''Википедия — чумку энциклопедия'''&lt;/big&gt;
{{Wp/evn/Main Page navigation}}

Мэнду! Эр эвэды турэнди тестты Википедия сотку авданнан.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Добро пожаловать в [[:ru:Эвенкийский язык|Эвенкийскую]] Википедию!''' Это — пробный раздел Википедии на эвенкийском языке.&lt;/small&gt;

Ваш вклад в создание Эвенкийской Википедии будет высоко оценён. Просьба о создании Эвенкийской Википедии будет утверждена, когда здесь будет достаточно содержательных статей. Когда она будет одобрена, всё содержимое будет перенесено в отдельный раздел.

Поскольку это пробная вики, все статьи здесь необходимо начинать с префиксом Wp/evn/. Например, статья «[[Wp/evn/Эвэды турэн|Эвэды турэн]]» должна называться здесь «Wp/evn/Эвэды турэн».

Можно использовать любое наречие эвенкийского.
------

''Пожалуйста, помогите с переводом этой страницы на эвенкийский.''
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;'''Создать новую статью:'''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;inputbox&gt;
 type=create
 width=40
 preload=Template:Standard content for new page
 editintro=Template:Instructions
 prefix=Wp/evn/
&lt;/inputbox&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
|}

{|width=&quot;100%&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|width=&quot;50%&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; style=&quot;margin:-1ex auto 0; padding: 0 2ex .5ex&quot;|
&lt;big&gt;[[Image:Good article review circle logo.svg|30px]]&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;'''Ая статья'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
[[File:Вид с Дзендзура.jpg|thumb|Дулку Камчаткаду]]
'''Ури дулку''' ({{Wp/evn/Lang-la|Álnus alnobétula}}) — эр [[Wp/evn/Мо|мо]]. Упкат эвэнкил эрэвэ мова умунди турэнди «дулку» гэрбивкил. Хадун таравэ мэрӈирдивэр хэӈкэдивэр гунивкил «дулгикта, дулгиктэ, тулкуктэ, дугиксэ, дулгик, дулгимкура».

Эр мо авданна бурудеричи чалбамэл кэргэндуктын бисин. Дулку гугдан дяпкундук метралдук дюр дяр тунӈала — илан дярдула метралдула исивки. Дагачанин наптамама, сэрэмэчи улдаксачи бивки. Хадун-ка дагачан игдярин овки. Ӈиӈтэлин угигит дуннэдук итывувчал, даригул-ка ӈиӈтэл дырамдявкил. Авданнал мурукэссэл, мудасалтын хунавувчал. Болорил-ка авданна окин-да эвкил оланэ. Бурудеӈэдулэвэр тарил чуламалди эмэнмувкил. Эргэчирди бинаэл, авданнал дуннэлэ буруливкил. Илмактал балдыгал тадук авданнал камнучил, эчэл-дэ ламбарал бивкил. Чуктылин — лолуктал (бэедыл) локучадярилду гаракарду дявучавдявкил. Асадыл-ка няӈтакакарвэ урэдевкил, урумкур биси.

[[Wp/evn/Дулку|...]]

&lt;br clear=&quot;all&quot; /&gt;

|&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
|width=&quot;50%&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;|
[[Image:OOjs UI icon sun-ltr.svg|27px]]&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;big&gt;'''Инэӈмэн тыргани'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:-1ex auto 0; padding: 0 2ex .5ex&quot;&gt; 

&lt;/div&gt;
|colspan=2 class=&quot;MainPageBG&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid #c6cbff;background-color:#e4ecff;vertical-align:top;color:#000;&quot;|
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|-----
!&lt;big&gt;Упкачил статьял&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|align=center|
&lt;center&gt; Сейчас здесь '''{{Wp/evn/NUMBEROFARTICLES}}''' статьи на эвенкийском языке.
{{special:PrefixIndex/Wp/evn/}}
[[Special:PrefixIndex/Category:Wp/evn|Все категории]]&lt;br&gt;
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
! &lt;big&gt;Эвэдыл &lt;abbr title=&quot;проекыл&quot;&gt;омачир&lt;/abbr&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|
* Викимэдэвкэл:
** [[n:ru:Омакта нимҥакан-книга ючэн|Омакта нимҥакан-книга ючэн]] — 1 гиравун 2016
** [[n:ru:Нируңнаду туксан-эстафета ңэнэрэн|Нируңнаду туксан-эстафета ңэнэрэн]] — 20 сонкан 2016&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wt/evn/Нонопты страница|Викитурэрук — эвэды турэнди турэрук]]
* [https://ilken.ru/evenki/ Илкэн – портал бэелни Северду индерил]
|
* [https://www.evenkiteka.ru/ Эвенкитека — эвэды библиотека] {{Wp/evn/Ref-ru}}
* [https://www.evengus.ru/ Эвенгус — сайт-татыгавун] {{Wp/evn/Ref-ru}}
----
* [https://evenkya.gosuslugi.ru/dlya-zhiteley/uslugi-i-servisy/sredstva-massovoy-informatsii/munitsipalnaya-gazeta-evenkiyskaya-zhizn/?cur_cc=508&amp;curPos=40 «Эвэды Ин» — Эвенкияду газета]&lt;br&gt;
* [https://taimyr24.gosuslugi.ru/glavnoe/dopolnitelnye-resursy/gazeta-taymyr/ «Таймыр» — Таймырду газета]
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;toccolours&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|- 
! Красноярскай крайду бивкэлди турэрди Википедиял
|- align=&quot;center&quot; 
||  &lt;div width=&quot;88%&quot; style=&quot;background:none;text-align:center;padding:5px 5px 0 5px;margin-bottom:0px;&quot;&gt;

&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:100%&quot;&gt;
[[File:Flag_of_Tuva.svg|25px]] [[:tyv:|Тувады]] • [[File:Flag_of_Sakha.svg|25px]] [[:sah:|Ёкоды]]&lt;br&gt;
----
[[File:Flag of Khakassia.svg|25px]] [[Wp/kjh/Ӧӧн страница|Хакасты]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Coat of Arms of Anabarsky national rayon (Yakutia).svg|25px]] [[Wp/dlg/Һүрүн һырай|Долгады]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Tomsk Oblast.svg|25px]] [[Wp/sel/Варг нагырбыдимы|Селькупты]]&amp;nbsp;•  
[[File:Flag of Turukhansky rayon (Krasnoyarsk krai).png|25px]] [[Wp/ket/Main_Page|Кетты]]
----
[[File:Flag of Sayansky rayon (Krasnoyarsk krai).png|25px]] [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Wp/xas/асновной_пяӈдǝнна_саазөн Камасты]&amp;nbsp;•
[[File:Flag of the Chulym People.svg|25px]] [[Wp/clw/Main Page|Чулымды]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Nenets Autonomous District.svg|25px]] [[Wp/yrk/Main_Page|Ненецты]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Evenkia.svg|25px]] [[Wp/evn/Нонопты страница|Эвэды]]&amp;nbsp;• 
|}

{{INTERWIKI|Q5296}}

[[Category:Wp/evn|*]]</text>
      <sha1>pnp0a09hj5cd9k06yyw05fn8k1lg9hx</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305350</id>
      <parentid>7305349</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:30:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Таёжный лес</username>
        <id>2566317</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305350</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7496" sha1="grskgs0r2plgqo3yhee5pqq55iitarl" xml:space="preserve">{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|-----
|align=center|&lt;big&gt;[[File:Flag_of_Evenkia.svg|20px]] '''Википедия — чумку энциклопедия'''&lt;/big&gt;
{{Wp/evn/Main Page navigation}}

Мэнду! Эр эвэды турэнди тестты Википедия сотку авданнан.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;small&gt;Добро пожаловать в [[:ru:Эвенкийский язык|Эвенкийскую]] Википедию!''' Это — пробный раздел Википедии на эвенкийском языке.&lt;/small&gt;

Ваш вклад в создание Эвенкийской Википедии будет высоко оценён. Просьба о создании Эвенкийской Википедии будет утверждена, когда здесь будет достаточно содержательных статей. Когда она будет одобрена, всё содержимое будет перенесено в отдельный раздел.

Поскольку это пробная вики, все статьи здесь необходимо начинать с префиксом Wp/evn/. Например, статья «[[Wp/evn/Эвэды турэн|Эвэды турэн]]» должна называться здесь «Wp/evn/Эвэды турэн».

Можно использовать любое наречие эвенкийского.
------

''Пожалуйста, помогите с переводом этой страницы на эвенкийский.''
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;'''Создать новую статью:'''&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;inputbox&gt;
 type=create
 width=40
 preload=Template:Standard content for new page
 editintro=Template:Instructions
 prefix=Wp/evn/
&lt;/inputbox&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
|}

{|width=&quot;100%&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|width=&quot;50%&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; style=&quot;margin:-1ex auto 0; padding: 0 2ex .5ex&quot;|
&lt;big&gt;[[Image:Good article review circle logo.svg|30px]]&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;'''Ая статья'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
[[File:Вид с Дзендзура.jpg|thumb|Дулку Камчаткаду]]
'''Ури дулку''' ({{Wp/evn/Lang-la|Álnus alnobétula}}) — эр [[Wp/evn/Мо|мо]]. Упкат эвэнкил эрэвэ мова умунди турэнди «дулку» гэрбивкил. Хадун таравэ мэрӈирдивэр хэӈкэдивэр гунивкил «дулгикта, дулгиктэ, тулкуктэ, дугиксэ, дулгик, дулгимкура».

Эр мо авданна бурудеричи чалбамэл кэргэндуктын бисин. Дулку гугдан дяпкундук метралдук дюр дяр тунӈала — илан дярдула метралдула исивки. Дагачанин наптамама, сэрэмэчи улдаксачи бивки. Хадун-ка дагачан игдярин овки. Ӈиӈтэлин угигит дуннэдук итывувчал, даригул-ка ӈиӈтэл дырамдявкил. Авданнал мурукэссэл, мудасалтын хунавувчал. Болорил-ка авданна окин-да эвкил оланэ. Бурудеӈэдулэвэр тарил чуламалди эмэнмувкил. Эргэчирди бинаэл, авданнал дуннэлэ буруливкил. Илмактал балдыгал тадук авданнал камнучил, эчэл-дэ ламбарал бивкил. Чуктылин — лолуктал (бэедыл) локучадярилду гаракарду дявучавдявкил. Асадыл-ка няӈтакакарвэ урэдевкил, урумкур биси.

[[Wp/evn/Дулку|Часки таӈдями…]]

&lt;br clear=&quot;all&quot; /&gt;

|&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;
|width=&quot;50%&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;|
[[Image:OOjs UI icon sun-ltr.svg|27px]]&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;big&gt;'''Инэӈмэн тыргани'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:-1ex auto 0; padding: 0 2ex .5ex&quot;&gt; 

&lt;/div&gt;
|colspan=2 class=&quot;MainPageBG&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid #c6cbff;background-color:#e4ecff;vertical-align:top;color:#000;&quot;|
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|-----
!&lt;big&gt;Упкачил статьял&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|align=center|
&lt;center&gt; Сейчас здесь '''{{Wp/evn/NUMBEROFARTICLES}}''' статьи на эвенкийском языке.
{{special:PrefixIndex/Wp/evn/}}
[[Special:PrefixIndex/Category:Wp/evn|Все категории]]&lt;br&gt;
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
! &lt;big&gt;Эвэдыл &lt;abbr title=&quot;проекыл&quot;&gt;омачир&lt;/abbr&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|
* Викимэдэвкэл:
** [[n:ru:Омакта нимҥакан-книга ючэн|Омакта нимҥакан-книга ючэн]] — 1 гиравун 2016
** [[n:ru:Нируңнаду туксан-эстафета ңэнэрэн|Нируңнаду туксан-эстафета ңэнэрэн]] — 20 сонкан 2016&lt;br&gt;
* [[Wt/evn/Нонопты страница|Викитурэрук — эвэды турэнди турэрук]]
* [https://ilken.ru/evenki/ Илкэн – портал бэелни Северду индерил]
|
* [https://www.evenkiteka.ru/ Эвенкитека — эвэды библиотека] {{Wp/evn/Ref-ru}}
* [https://www.evengus.ru/ Эвенгус — сайт-татыгавун] {{Wp/evn/Ref-ru}}
----
* [https://evenkya.gosuslugi.ru/dlya-zhiteley/uslugi-i-servisy/sredstva-massovoy-informatsii/munitsipalnaya-gazeta-evenkiyskaya-zhizn/?cur_cc=508&amp;curPos=40 «Эвэды Ин» — Эвенкияду газета]&lt;br&gt;
* [https://taimyr24.gosuslugi.ru/glavnoe/dopolnitelnye-resursy/gazeta-taymyr/ «Таймыр» — Таймырду газета]
|}

{| width=&quot;100%&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;toccolours&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;border:1px solid black;border:1px solid #87CEEB; -moz-border-radius:10px&quot;
|- 
! Красноярскай крайду бивкэлди турэрди Википедиял
|- align=&quot;center&quot; 
||  &lt;div width=&quot;88%&quot; style=&quot;background:none;text-align:center;padding:5px 5px 0 5px;margin-bottom:0px;&quot;&gt;

&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size:100%&quot;&gt;
[[File:Flag_of_Tuva.svg|25px]] [[:tyv:|Тувады]] • [[File:Flag_of_Sakha.svg|25px]] [[:sah:|Ёкоды]]&lt;br&gt;
----
[[File:Flag of Khakassia.svg|25px]] [[Wp/kjh/Ӧӧн страница|Хакасты]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Coat of Arms of Anabarsky national rayon (Yakutia).svg|25px]] [[Wp/dlg/Һүрүн һырай|Долгады]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Tomsk Oblast.svg|25px]] [[Wp/sel/Варг нагырбыдимы|Селькупты]]&amp;nbsp;•  
[[File:Flag of Turukhansky rayon (Krasnoyarsk krai).png|25px]] [[Wp/ket/Main_Page|Кетты]]
----
[[File:Flag of Sayansky rayon (Krasnoyarsk krai).png|25px]] [https://incubator.miraheze.org/wiki/Wp/xas/асновной_пяӈдǝнна_саазөн Камасты]&amp;nbsp;•
[[File:Flag of the Chulym People.svg|25px]] [[Wp/clw/Main Page|Чулымды]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Nenets Autonomous District.svg|25px]] [[Wp/yrk/Main_Page|Ненецты]]&amp;nbsp;• 
[[File:Flag of Evenkia.svg|25px]] [[Wp/evn/Нонопты страница|Эвэды]]&amp;nbsp;• 
|}

{{INTERWIKI|Q5296}}

[[Category:Wp/evn|*]]</text>
      <sha1>grskgs0r2plgqo3yhee5pqq55iitarl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/fil</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>78209</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304993</id>
      <parentid>7302666</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:53:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MF-Warburg</username>
        <id>585</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>no need to mention</comment>
      <origin>7304993</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="468" sha1="1wkrby2qrtp3ldwppwx7x2v7wlofygj" xml:space="preserve">{{test wiki
| status = invalidcode
| language = Filipino
| meta = yes
}}

&lt;big&gt;This test project has been deleted. It was meant to be written in Filipino, which however is only another name for the Tagalog language, whose Wikipedia can be found at '''[[:tl:|http://tl.wikipedia.org]].'''&lt;/big&gt;
&lt;!--
[[Category:Incubator:Test wikis/open-but-rejected]]
[[Category:Incubator:Test wikis/further review]]
[[Category:Incubator:Test wikis of languages of Southeast Asia]]
--&gt;</text>
      <sha1>1wkrby2qrtp3ldwppwx7x2v7wlofygj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Lool</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>100452</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305075</id>
      <parentid>7287795</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:58:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>OpiYuc</username>
        <id>2673874</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>se hace una edicion de texto</comment>
      <origin>7305075</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="854" sha1="kjpg2e42yscbpihp1739q1sa9ug487d" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Flores.gif|thumb|Lool.]]

* Káastlan t'aan: ''Flor''

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q506}}jump'éel chan xéet' u k'ab le che'obo' tu'ux ku jook'ool jejeláas mejen le'ob ku meyajo'ob ti'al u ts'aik u páajtalil u yichankil le k'abche'obo', le je'elo'ba' ku ch'i'ikob u láak' boonil jejeláas je'ex le yaan ti' le che'obo', yaan k'iine' sako'pb, yaane' k'an, yaane' chako'ob, yaane' saman chak ichil u láak'ob, unaj tun a'alik le loolo', ma' je'ex le nikte'o', tumen le tsooka' chen ku meyajta'al u ti'al u jats'uskinsa'al wa tu'ux, ti'al u si'ibil ti' wa máax; jejeláasti tuun ti le loolo', tumen le je'ela ti'al u páajatl u yichankil le cheo'obo, le la' u ti'al xan u páajtal u ts'aik kuxtal ti' u láak' che je'ex le ku yichankil, ba'ale' ku ma'ak'a'antal u ti'al u jaanta'al men le máako'obo.
[[File:FLORES 30-04-26.jpg|thumb|Lool]]</text>
      <sha1>kjpg2e42yscbpihp1739q1sa9ug487d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/fit/Kveeni</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>101715</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305391</id>
      <parentid>5655234</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:20:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mr. Lechkar</username>
        <id>2557802</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>7305391</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3689" sha1="liou3zwhhjeyqp7n42bkxltzkgaclhh" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Kven.jpg|thumb|350px|Kveeni asutusta]]
'''Kveenit''' on vanhaa nimitys, joka nykysin yhistethään Pohjoisnorjan suomenkielisheen minuriteethiin. Tästä minuriteetista on muternila ajala alettu käyttämhään kans histuurialishiin teurihoin pohjautuvaa uuisnimitystä ''kainut''. Sana kveeni (r. kvän) käänethään useasti kainulaiseksi suomenkielisissä tekstissä, mutta sitä käänöstä on kysheenalaistettu. Norjan kielessä [[Wp/fit/Kveeni (kieli)|kveeni]] merkittee suomenkielinen/kveenin kielinen Pohjoisnorjassa.

== Mistäs kveenit tulevat? ==
Käsitheenä kveeni on paljo nykyistä kveeniminuriteettia vanheempi. Kirjallisissa lähteissä on praatattu kveeneistä ja Kvenland-maasta jo yli tuhat vuotta. Kveeniä mainithaan ensi kerran yhessä raportissa mitä matkustaja [[Wp/fit/Ottarin kertomus|Ottar]] jätti Englantin kuninkhaale 880. Ottarin mukhaan kveenit asuit molemin puolin Pohjanlahtea. Egillin, Kalju-Grímrin pojan, Iislantilaisessa saakassa, joka on kirjotettu 1200-luvula, mutta joka kuvvaa varhaisempia tapahtumia, kveenit (''kvenir'') pyysit Torolf Kveldulfsonilta apua taistelussa karjalaisia vasthaan. 1539 tehtyssä Carta marinassa mainithaan maholinen kveenitten asuttama aluve, ''Berkara Qvenar'', Tromsøn ja Lofotenin välissä.

== Majurin kuvaus 1742-1745 ==
Tanskalainen majuuri Peter Schnitzler matkusti Pohjoisnorjassa 1742-1745 ja kirjotti laajan raportin aluveen asukhaista. Majuurila oli selvä kuva ette Norjan kveenit tulit Tornionlaaksosta ja ette kveenitten kotialue oli molemin puoli Tornionväylää ja pohjoisheen, siis aika tarkoin sama aluve missä meänkieltä puhuthaan. Samala se kuitekki väittää ette merifinnit (''Norske Söe-Finner'') ja kveenit puhuit suuriin piirthein sammaa kieltä, ette niilä oli kohta sama kylttyyri ja ette net menit laskea yhteen ja samhaan ryhmhään. Ja ko majuuri arvioi kuinka monta kveeniä alueessa asui se yhisti net merifinnitten kansa. Siittä väitheestä on tullu kiista ja sitä kysheenalaistethaan ja korostethaan.

== Ruottin kveenit ==
[[Wp/fit/Kirunan kunta|Kierunassa]] ja [[Wp/fit/Jellivaaran kunta|Jellivaarassa]] on kveeni-termiä alettu käythään 1990-luvula. Net kuttuva itteä kveeniks ja asuva Lannanmaassa. Kveenilä on oma yhistys Kveenimaanförpynti ([[Wp/fit/Kvänlandsförbundet|Kvänlandsförbundet]]).

Epäselvä on kuitekki mikä oli aiemin ja keskiaikana tornionlaaksolaisitten oma nimitys ittestä. Kveeni sana on täysin outo vanheemile asukhaile. Monessa vanhoissa tekstissä puhuthaan ette Pohjanlahten rannikolla, [[Wp/fit/Kaihnuunmaa|Kaihnuunmaassa]], on asunu kveeniä ja niitten kuninkhaan nimi oli ''Faravid'', mitä käänethään suomeksi [[Wp/fit/Kuninkas Kaukomieli|Kaukomieli]]. Pohjanlahtea on aiemin kuttuttu [[Wp/fit/Kaihnuunmeri|Kaihnuunmereksi]] ryssäläisissä lähtheissä.

Vertaa [[Wp/fit/Kaihnuunväylä|Kaihnuunväylä]], [[Wp/fit/Kainus|Kainus]], [[Wp/fit/Kainuunkylä|Kaihnuunkylä]], [[Wp/fit/Kainulainen|kainulainen]]

== Lähteet ==
* &quot;Kainulaiset&quot;, Facta, 4 (1969)
* Julku, Kyösti, Kvenland - Kainuunmaa (1986)
* Schnitzler, Peter, GRENSEEKSAMINASJONSPROTOKOLLER 1742-1745. Band I-III. Sammanställt av J. Qvigstad, K. B. Wiklund, Lars Ivar Hansen och Tom Schmidt.
* Vahtola, Jouko, Tornedalens historia (1991), s. 209-214.

=== Verkkolähteitä===
* [http://www.suonttavaara.se Hemsida för kvänerna i Kiruna kommun] 
* [http://finnpro2000.tripod.com/kainuunmaa.htm Kainuumaa - Kvenland]
* [http://www.kvener.no Kvener/]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NMU5gOxO0hs&amp;feature=share Kveenit itte selittävät]

[[Category:Wp/fit|k|]]
[[Category:Wp/fit/Norja]]
[[Category:Wp/fit/Tornionlaakso|K|]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q610315}}</text>
      <sha1>liou3zwhhjeyqp7n42bkxltzkgaclhh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/rif/Dzayer</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>102032</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305397</id>
      <parentid>7289196</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:21:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mr. Lechkar</username>
        <id>2557802</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>7305397</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7244" sha1="izaa54oslm2shfdzgr1uelknpblmjpe" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;font-family:Segoe UI, Tahoma, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;
{{wp/rif/azzray}}
{{wp/rif/Infobox Tamurt
|name              = Tagduda n Dzayer
|short_name        = Dzayer
|flag              = Flag_of_Algeria.svg
|location          = 
|capital           = [[wp/rif/Dzayer (tamdint)|Dzayer (tamdint)]]
|officiallanguage  = [[wp/rif/Taεrabt|Taεrabt]]
|otherlanguages    = [[wp/rif/Tamaziɣt|Tamaziɣt]], [[wp/rif/Darija Tadzayrit|Darija Tadzayrit]]
|leader_name       = [[wp/rif/Ɛabdlεaziz Butfliqa|Ɛabdlεaziz Butfliqa]]
|area              = 2 381 741
|population        = 33 800 000
|money             = Dinar
}}
'''Dzayer''' (assaɣ nns unṣib: '''Tayduda Tamagdayt Taɣerfant Tadzayrit'''). Tezga-d tamurt n Dzayer di Tafriqt ugafa,&lt;ref&gt;Agafa = north&lt;/ref&gt; nettat d tamurt tiss snat i meqqren deg umaḍal g yal amenẓaw n tafriqt s deffir tammurt n Sudan, zgand g tilisa ness s ugafa ilel agrakal, s ugafa umalu n Tunes, s umalu Libya, s unzulamalu Nijer, s unzulataram Mali akk d Muritanya, ma s tama utaram tella tamurt n lmɣrib.

Tammurt n Dzayer d ameslad n tadukli n iɣlanen seg wass ass mi tewwi-d azarug ines sɣur Fransa, tadukli n timura n tafriqt, d tamdunt taɛrabt, d tadukli n umezɣan aɛrab Maɣreb aɛrab.

G tmendawt n Dzayer nnan-d belli tammurt n Dzayer d tamurt tineslemt, taɛṛaft d tmaziɣt, d annect a i bennun tinekkit (l’identité) n weydud adzayr.

==Aẓar n isem &quot;Dzayer&quot;==
Isem n tmurt n Dzayer yeffɣ-ed seg isem n tamanaɣt ines axaṭer taslekt n tmurt n Dzayer tebda-d g s tamdint n Dzayer, isem s trumit « Algérie » yuɣal-ed amenṣab g [[14 tuber]] [[1839]] sɣur [[Antoine Virgile Schneider]] aneɣlaf n imenɣi, yenna-d amezray [[Eugène Guernier]] : « labud ad yesɛu tayra anegrez tammawt iwacu [[Fransa]] tefka isem i tessufeɣ g taɛrabt… yerna yezmer a nesteqsi iman nneɣ iwacu irgazen isertiyen irumiyen ur fkin ara issem n Tanumedt, neɣ tamurt n Leqbayel, neɣ Tamuritanit. maca Fransa tessen mliḥ izri ines.».

Isem n Alger (Aljé) issem aɛewwaj arumi n issem &quot;Alguère&quot; s [[takatalant]], angaru aki yeffɣ-ed g teɛrabt &quot;ğazayer&quot;, Jazayer issem i s-yefka [[Buluɣin mmis n Ziri]] win i d-ixelqen [[tadinastit tazirit]] ass-nni mmi yesekka tamdint n Dzayer g useggas n [[960]] f agaluz n tamdint taqdimt i yesɛan isem s trumant [[Icosium]], yefka-yas issem n [[Dzayer at Mezɣenna]], caḍen izegzziyen i fkan i lmeɛna n issem aki i yetwafken sɣur [[Buluɣin Mmis n Uziri]].
Azzegzi amezwaru yenna-d belli issem n Dzayer yetwakkes g tigzirin i yellan zdat asagen n tamdint n Dzayer s teɛrabt (al-Jaza’ir) الجزائر, s [[teqbaylit]], tigzirin n at mezɣenna, 
Neɣ awal n “tagzirt” yezmer (akken i ɣilen arakalen inselmen n tallit talemmast) ad yini igger i yellan ger illel d [[Seḥra]] igger i yezmer a tilli gyes tameddurt, “tagzirt n tmeddurt”.
Azzegzi angaru yenna-d belli issem ad yillin fkan-t feljal tajmilt n baba-s n Buluɣin, [[Aziri mmis n Menad]] , ihi, issem n Dzayer ad yilli yusa-d g D’ziri, s tmaziɣt, Tiziri(lmaɛna ines tafat n wayur/waggur), Mezɣenna yezmer daɣen ad tili talɣa tetwaɛerreb n Imezɣen ayen aɣ-d-yefk : “Tiziri n at Imezɣan”.
Imuzdaɣ n Dzayer tamanaɣt qqaren adziri/tadzirit (dziri/dziriya) fakken ad ssiwlen i imuzdaɣ n tamanaɣt.

== Amezruy ==
=== Tislamit n Dzayer ===
Ass mi teγli [[Roma]], yrnan s-deffiris iwendalen, llan i bizantiyen imidusen dacu yeğa bac ad ilin aṭas n tigeldiwin timaziγin timecṭaḥ g [[Arris]] daγen, kra degsent ugin y mir-id ussan inselmen ger [[665]] d [[708]], g useggas n [[665]], iɛraben ẓedmen i tikkelt tamenzut f [[Tafrikt]] u gafa armi ([[tamezɣa]]) g useggas n [[683]] yeṭṭef [[Sidi Ɛuqba]] aḥelli. 
Cciln azbu n tageldunt [[Dihya]], g aseggas n [[708]] uɣalen imaziɣen timdefirt maca ɣelbenten iɛraben, ihi ṭfen tamurt imaziɣen, yǧan ajjed nsen d tutlayt nsen igejdan. 

Acu-t usxarbubec agi, nutni (At udabu) uran amezruy nneɣ s &quot;la gomme&quot; kunwi aɣ tesxarbubucem(t) da-gi, arut amezruy n tidet a yarrac nneɣ !

=== Taslekt tafransit ===
Tufad [[Fransa]] imerwasen n [[Bakri]] d [[Bucnaq]] d sebba faken atekcem ar Dzayer su sagen n [[Sidi Freǧ]] g useggas n [[1830]]

==== Tagrawla n nuwember ====
ass n [[31 tuber]] [[1954]] llan iserdasen idzayriyen sewjaden (ttheggin) i imenɣi, ggunin (arjan) ass n [[tatusant]] n irumiyen imi llan marra deg yiḍ netmaɣra, ttun iman-nsen, maca g idurar iserdasen wten (ssufɣen) tarṣaṣt tamenzut f 00:00, akka i tebda ( tekkmassa) tegrawla n ugdud i yellan ddau uḍar n temharsa (colonisation) n Fransa.

Tewwwi-d [[azarug]] -ines ass n [[5 yulyu]] aseggas n 1962, tkecm-itt [[Fransa]] di yulyu n 1830 ass mi tella s ddaw n tecḍat n [[Turk taɛutumanit]]. Am wakken i s-yenna [[Ccix Muḥand u Lḥusin]]:

:''Ikecm-ed Urumi di ṣṣif &lt;br /&gt;Ad iffeɣ s ssif &lt;/br&gt;Di ṣṣif &lt;br /&gt; Qbel lexrif...''

Tedda ledzayer abrid yeččur s yisennanen tebda [[amezruy]] -ines g wass mi tegred [[tagrawla]] n umenzu n wember 1954 deg wedrar n [[Ores]], ymagred ass n [[tatusant]] lɛid (adriz) n [[irumien]].
refden-tt irgazen d tlawin am [[Ɛebban Remḍan]], [[Ḥusin At Ḥmed]], kolonel Uɛamran, [[Musṭafa ben Bulɛid]], [[Muḥamed Buḍiaf]], [[Ḥasiba ben Buɛli]], [[Ferḥat ɛebbas]], [[Xiḍer]], cadhen ismawen-nsen d ayen i d-fkan i ledzayer.

== Tarakalt ==

Tamurt n Dzayer d tamurt tamenzut i meqqren akk ɣef timura n tigrakalin s tajumma ines, d tamurt tis snat i meqqren g timura n umenẓaw n Tafriqt, tesɛa tamurt n Dzayer g tama n wenẓul amur amoqran nu nezruf ismis Sehra.
deg ugafa, aṭlas atelli 

=== Tarakalt tadeblant ===

Twabḍa tamurt n Dzayer i 48 igezda, yal agezdu iggenses aferdis adeblan GGG agraw aɣerfan n ugezdu yetf-itt lwali atisers aselway n tagdudt, yal agezdu yebḍa ɣef asunen, yal asun yebḍa ɣef tiɣiwanin agraw aɣerfan aɣiwani, taɣiwant atefren imanis aselway ines (amɣiwan) 
Tikelt taneggarut g y tetwabḍa gyes tamurt n Dzayer studebla tella deg useggas n [[1985]]

[[Tugna:Algeria wilayas.png|thumb|250px|right]]

[[Tamendawt]] n Lzzayer fernen-tt [[idzairiyen]] g useggas 1963
tebḍa f 48 tigezdeyin:
{|
|
* 1- [[Adrar]]
* 2- [[Cclef]]
* 3- [[Leɣwaṭ]]
* 4- [[Umlebwaɣi]] neɣ Mbwaɣi 
* 5- [[Batna]] neɣ Tbatent 
* 6- [[Bgayet]]
* 7- [[Beskra]] neɣ Biskert 
* 8- [[Beccar]]
* 9- [[Blida]]
* 10- [[Tubiret]]
* 11- [[Tamenɣast]]
* 12- [[Tbesa]]
* 13- [[Tlemsen|Talimsen]]
* 14- [[Tyaret]] neɣ Tihert
* 15- [[Tizi Wezzu]]
* 16- [[Dzayer (tamanaɣt)]]
* 17- [[ǧelfa]]
* 18- [[Jijel]]
* 19- [[Sṭif]]
* 20- [[Sɛida]]
* 21- [[Skikda]]
* 22- [[Sidi bel ɛebbas]]
* 23- [[Ɛennaba]]
* 24- [[Galma]]
|
* 25- [[Qsenṭina]] neɣ Sirta
* 26- [[Mdiyya]]
* 27- [[Mustɣanem|Mustɣalim]]
* 28- [[Msila]]
* 29- [[Mɛesker]]
* 30- [[Wergla]] neɣ Wargren 
* 31- [[Wehran]] neɣ Ihran 
* 32- [[Lbayeḍ]]
* 33- [[Illizi]] neɣ Aleẓi 
* 34- [[Burǧ bu ɛririǧ]]
* 35- [[Bumerdas]]
* 36- [[Ṭṭerf]]
* 37- [[Tinduf]]
* 38- [[Tisemsilt]]
* 39- [[Lwad]]
* 40- [[Xencla]]
* 41- [[Suqehras]]
* 42- [[Tipaza]] 
* 43- [[Mila]]
* 44- [[Ɛin Defla]]
* 45- [[Nɛama]]
* 46- [[Ɛin Timucent]]
* 47- [[Taɣerdayt]]
* 48- [[Iɣil izzan]]
|}


&lt;references&gt;

[[Category:Wp/rif]]
[[Category:Wp/rif/Tarukalt]]

&lt;/div&gt;

{{INTERWIKI|Q262}}</text>
      <sha1>izaa54oslm2shfdzgr1uelknpblmjpe</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/K'iche'</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>104354</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304903</id>
      <parentid>7208543</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:38:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7304903</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2833" sha1="lzhvij15e6izg2rtpgi8y05kytno23h" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Xóot Lu'umil K'iche''''&lt;br&gt;'''Departamento del Quiché'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#ffffff;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Escudo de armas del departamento de Quiché.svg|125px]]
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[File:El Quiche in Guatemala.svg|300px]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Lu'umil
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | [[File:Flag of Guatemala.svg|border|25px]] [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|Watemáala]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Wíinik
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 1 909 965 (est. 2009) &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110527065510/http://www.conapo.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=36&amp;Itemid=234 Proyecciones de la población de México 2005-2050] utia'al [[CONAPO]].&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Área
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 38 402 [[Wp/yua/km²|km²]]
|-
|}
[[File:Panorama of Grand Plaza - K'umarcaaj (Former K'iche' Capital) - Guatemala.jpg|thumb|Noj k’íiwik]]
'''K'iche'''' (káastlan t'aan: ''Quiché'') u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|''Watemáala'']]. Xook yéetel 955.400 utia'al wíinik.

Jump’éel máasewal ''maya'' k’ajóolta’an ti’ ''Guatemala'', yéetel leti’ xan u k’aaba’ u t’aan yéetel junp’éel ''departamento'' ti’ le lu’um. U k’aaba’ ku ya’alik “ya’ab che’o’ob” wa “lu’umil k’áaxo’ob”, le ku ye’esik u p’áatal tu yóok’ol kaab yéetel u k’áaxo’ob. Ti’ le k’iinilo’ob ''prehispánicos'', le k’iche’o’ob tu beetaj junp’éel noj ''reino'' tu ''altiplano''il ''Guatemala'', yéetel u ''capital'' ti’ Q’umarkaj, junp’éel ti’ le noj ''centros políticos'' yéetel ''ceremoniales más importantes'' ti’ ''Mesoamérica''. Bejla’e’, le kaaj ''k’iche’'' ku kanáantik u ''tradicion''e’ob, u t’aan yéetel u ''identidad cultural'' tu jejeláas lu’umilo’ob tu xamanil ''Guatemala''.

== Kan Siyan ==&lt;!--Historia--&gt;

== U Xookil Lu'umil Kaab ==&lt;!--Geografía--&gt;

== U Xookil Taak'inil Meyaj ==&lt;!--Economía--&gt;

== Almejen ==&lt;!--Política--&gt;

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q669802}}</text>
      <sha1>lzhvij15e6izg2rtpgi8y05kytno23h</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304913</id>
      <parentid>7304903</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:45:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7304913</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2902" sha1="iwyq577n8l90lqg67mfl4ma860oludd" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Xóot Lu'umil K'iche''''&lt;br&gt;'''Departamento del Quiché'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#ffffff;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Escudo de armas del departamento de Quiché.svg|125px]]
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[File:El Quiche in Guatemala.svg|300px]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Lu'umil
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | [[File:Flag of Guatemala.svg|border|25px]] [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|Watemáala]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Wíinik
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 1 909 965 (est. 2009) &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110527065510/http://www.conapo.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=36&amp;Itemid=234 Proyecciones de la población de México 2005-2050] utia'al [[CONAPO]].&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Área
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 38 402 [[Wp/yua/km²|km²]]
|-
|}
[[File:Quiché (25923372487).jpg|thumb|''Quiché'']]
[[File:Panorama of Grand Plaza - K'umarcaaj (Former K'iche' Capital) - Guatemala.jpg|thumb|Noj k’íiwik ''Q’umarkaj'']]
'''K'iche'''' (káastlan t'aan: ''Quiché'') u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|''Watemáala'']]. Xook yéetel 955.400 utia'al wíinik.

Jump’éel máasewal ''maya'' k’ajóolta’an ti’ ''Guatemala'', yéetel leti’ xan u k’aaba’ u t’aan yéetel junp’éel ''departamento'' ti’ le lu’um. U k’aaba’ ku ya’alik “ya’ab che’o’ob” wa “lu’umil k’áaxo’ob”, le ku ye’esik u p’áatal tu yóok’ol kaab yéetel u k’áaxo’ob. Ti’ le k’iinilo’ob ''prehispánicos'', le k’iche’o’ob tu beetaj junp’éel noj ''reino'' tu ''altiplano''il ''Guatemala'', yéetel u ''capital'' ti’ Q’umarkaj, junp’éel ti’ le noj ''centros políticos'' yéetel ''ceremoniales más importantes'' ti’ ''Mesoamérica''. Bejla’e’, le kaaj ''k’iche’'' ku kanáantik u ''tradicion''e’ob, u t’aan yéetel u ''identidad cultural'' tu jejeláas lu’umilo’ob tu xamanil ''Guatemala''.

== Kan Siyan ==&lt;!--Historia--&gt;

== U Xookil Lu'umil Kaab ==&lt;!--Geografía--&gt;

== U Xookil Taak'inil Meyaj ==&lt;!--Economía--&gt;

== Almejen ==&lt;!--Política--&gt;

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q669802}}</text>
      <sha1>iwyq577n8l90lqg67mfl4ma860oludd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304919</id>
      <parentid>7304913</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:48:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7304919</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3000" sha1="6tfgma1hh8dy0r3xn1de3vze5qo5jzq" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Xóot Lu'umil K'iche''''&lt;br&gt;'''Departamento del Quiché'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#ffffff;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Escudo de armas del departamento de Quiché.svg|125px]]
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[File:El Quiche in Guatemala.svg|300px]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Lu'umil
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | [[File:Flag of Guatemala.svg|border|25px]] [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|Watemáala]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Wíinik
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 1 909 965 (est. 2009) &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110527065510/http://www.conapo.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=36&amp;Itemid=234 Proyecciones de la población de México 2005-2050] utia'al [[CONAPO]].&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Área
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 38 402 [[Wp/yua/km²|km²]]
|-
|}
[[File:Quiché (25923372487).jpg|thumb|''Quiché'']]
'''K'iche'''' (káastlan t'aan: ''Quiché'') u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|''Watemáala'']]. Xook yéetel 955.400 utia'al wíinik.
[[File:Santa Cruz del Quiché - Montage.jpg|thumb|''Santa Cruz del Quiché,'' múuch’beeta’al]]
[[File:Panorama of Grand Plaza - K'umarcaaj (Former K'iche' Capital) - Guatemala.jpg|thumb|Noj k’íiwik ''Q’umarkaj'']]Jump’éel máasewal ''maya'' k’ajóolta’an ti’ ''Guatemala'', yéetel leti’ xan u k’aaba’ u t’aan yéetel junp’éel ''departamento'' ti’ le lu’um. U k’aaba’ ku ya’alik “ya’ab che’o’ob” wa “lu’umil k’áaxo’ob”, le ku ye’esik u p’áatal tu yóok’ol kaab yéetel u k’áaxo’ob. Ti’ le k’iinilo’ob ''prehispánicos'', le k’iche’o’ob tu beetaj junp’éel noj ''reino'' tu ''altiplano''il ''Guatemala'', yéetel u ''capital'' ti’ Q’umarkaj, junp’éel ti’ le noj ''centros políticos'' yéetel ''ceremoniales más importantes'' ti’ ''Mesoamérica''. Bejla’e’, le kaaj ''k’iche’'' ku kanáantik u ''tradicion''e’ob, u t’aan yéetel u ''identidad cultural'' tu jejeláas lu’umilo’ob tu xamanil ''Guatemala''.

== Kan Siyan ==&lt;!--Historia--&gt;

== U Xookil Lu'umil Kaab ==&lt;!--Geografía--&gt;

== U Xookil Taak'inil Meyaj ==&lt;!--Economía--&gt;

== Almejen ==&lt;!--Política--&gt;

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q669802}}</text>
      <sha1>6tfgma1hh8dy0r3xn1de3vze5qo5jzq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304922</id>
      <parentid>7304919</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:51:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7304922</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3118" sha1="6g6bh099wvi6vxr8vaf9hjg64gjssbs" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Xóot Lu'umil K'iche''''&lt;br&gt;'''Departamento del Quiché'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#ffffff;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Escudo de armas del departamento de Quiché.svg|125px]]
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[File:El Quiche in Guatemala.svg|300px]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Lu'umil
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | [[File:Flag of Guatemala.svg|border|25px]] [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|Watemáala]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Wíinik
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 1 909 965 (est. 2009) &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110527065510/http://www.conapo.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=36&amp;Itemid=234 Proyecciones de la población de México 2005-2050] utia'al [[CONAPO]].&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Área
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 38 402 [[Wp/yua/km²|km²]]
|-
|}
[[File:Quiché (25923372487).jpg|thumb|''Quiché'']]
'''K'iche'''' (káastlan t'aan: ''Quiché'') u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|''Watemáala'']]. Xook yéetel 955.400 utia'al wíinik.
[[File:Santa Cruz del Quiché - Montage.jpg|thumb|''Santa Cruz del Quiché,'' múuch’beeta’al|left]]
[[File:EscuelaEstudiantesenStaCruzdelQuiche-2006HGonzalez-ACMEProducciones-698x464.jpg|thumb|Ajxooko’ob]]
[[File:Panorama of Grand Plaza - K'umarcaaj (Former K'iche' Capital) - Guatemala.jpg|thumb|Noj k’íiwik ''Q’umarkaj''|left]]Jump’éel máasewal ''maya'' k’ajóolta’an ti’ ''Guatemala'', yéetel leti’ xan u k’aaba’ u t’aan yéetel junp’éel ''departamento'' ti’ le lu’um. U k’aaba’ ku ya’alik “ya’ab che’o’ob” wa “lu’umil k’áaxo’ob”, le ku ye’esik u p’áatal tu yóok’ol kaab yéetel u k’áaxo’ob. Ti’ le k’iinilo’ob ''prehispánicos'', le k’iche’o’ob tu beetaj junp’éel noj ''reino'' tu ''altiplano''il ''Guatemala'', yéetel u ''capital'' ti’ Q’umarkaj, junp’éel ti’ le noj ''centros políticos'' yéetel ''ceremoniales más importantes'' ti’ ''Mesoamérica''. Bejla’e’, le kaaj ''k’iche’'' ku kanáantik u ''tradicion''e’ob, u t’aan yéetel u ''identidad cultural'' tu jejeláas lu’umilo’ob tu xamanil ''Guatemala''.

== Kan Siyan ==&lt;!--Historia--&gt;

== U Xookil Lu'umil Kaab ==&lt;!--Geografía--&gt;

== U Xookil Taak'inil Meyaj ==&lt;!--Economía--&gt;

== Almejen ==&lt;!--Política--&gt;

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q669802}}</text>
      <sha1>6g6bh099wvi6vxr8vaf9hjg64gjssbs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/El Progreso (Watemáala)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>104364</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304892</id>
      <parentid>7220622</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:33:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7304892</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2592" sha1="imuvqbkmb882z3lzbyqkjotpx5xmbpp" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Xóot Lu'umil El Progreso'''&lt;br&gt;'''Departamento de El Progreso'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#ffffff;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | 
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[File:El Progreso in Guatemala.svg|300px]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Lu'umil
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | [[File:Flag of Guatemala.svg|border|25px]] [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|Watemáala]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Wíinik
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 1 909 965 (est. 2009) &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110527065510/http://www.conapo.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=36&amp;Itemid=234 Proyecciones de la población de México 2005-2050] utia'al [[CONAPO]].&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Área
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 38 402 [[Wp/yua/km²|km²]]
|-
|}

'''El Progreso''' (káastlan t'aan: ''El Progreso'') u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|''Watemáala'']]. Xook yéetel 955.400 utia'al wíinik.
[[File:Guastatoya, El Progreso Guatemala.jpg|thumb|''Guastatoya, El Progreso Guatemala'']]
Jump’éel k’aaba’ ku ya’ala’al ti’ jejeláas lu’umilo’ob ''Centroamérica''. Ti’ ''Guatemala'', ''El Progreso'' leti’ jump’éel ''departamento'' yaan tu ''nor-oriente''il le lu’um, k’ajóolta’an tumen u k’iinil k’áak’ yéetel chák, u meyajil ''agrícola'' yéetel u k’uchul tu yo’olal u bejil ''comercio''. U ''cabecera'' leti’ ''Guastatoya'', yéetel le ''región''o’ ku p’áatal tu bejil ku ts’o’okik u ''conexión''il le ''altiplano'' yéetel le ''oriente''. U k’aaba’ ku ye’esik u tuukulil ''progreso, desarrollo'' yéetel k’exikuba’ ti’ le kaajo’.

== Kan Siyan ==&lt;!--Historia--&gt;

== U Xookil Lu'umil Kaab ==&lt;!--Geografía--&gt;

== U Xookil Taak'inil Meyaj ==&lt;!--Economía--&gt;

== Almejen ==&lt;!--Política--&gt;

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q795591}}</text>
      <sha1>imuvqbkmb882z3lzbyqkjotpx5xmbpp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Escuintla</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>104365</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305087</id>
      <parentid>7217100</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:31:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305087</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3002" sha1="c72avhx7vslqdrjdsch51k314u645ny" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Xóot Lu'umil Escuintla'''&lt;br&gt;'''Departamento de Escuintla'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#ffffff;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Coat of arms of Escuintla.svg|125px]]
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[File:EscuintlaGUAT.PNG|300px]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Lu'umil
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | [[File:Flag of Guatemala.svg|border|25px]] [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|Watemáala]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Wíinik
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 1 909 965 (est. 2009) &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110527065510/http://www.conapo.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=36&amp;Itemid=234 Proyecciones de la población de México 2005-2050] utia'al [[CONAPO]].&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Área
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 38 402 [[Wp/yua/km²|km²]]
|-
|}

'''Escuintla''' (káastlan t'aan: ''Escuintla'') u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|Watemáala]]. Xook yéetel 955.400 utia'al wíinik.

Jump’éel noj kaaj yéetel ''municipio'' yaan tu nohol ''Guatemala'', tu lu’umil le k’áak’náab ''Pacífico''. Leti’ u noj kaajal le ''departamento'' ku k’aaba’ xan ''Escuintla''. Ku yaantal tu najat 340 ''metros'' tu yóok’ol kaab.

Le kaajo’ jach k’áat chi’oba’an tumen u meyajil k’áax yéetel ''industria'', tu’ux ku meyajta’al sak’ab, ''café'', ya’ab paak’alo’ob ''tropicales'' yéetel u na’akalil k’aax.
[[File:Volcan Pacaya 2004 - panoramio (1).jpg|thumb|253x253px|''Volcan'' Pacaya, ja'ab 2004]]
[[File:Parque Central de Escuintla.jpg|thumb|U noj k’íiwikil ''Escuintla'']]
Tu k’iinilo’ob ''colonia''alo’, ''Escuintla'' ka’ach jump’éel kúuchil jach páaybe’en ti’ ''comercio'', ka tu k’exikuba’ tu ''siglo''il XIX bey noj kaaj. U yaantal tu kuxil bejo’ob tu’ux ku jach bin le ''Guatemala'' kaaj yéetel le k’áak’náab ''Pacífico'' ku ts’aik u noj ''importancia'' ti’ ''transporte'' yéetel ''economía''. Bey xan, tu lu’umil yaan ''volcane''s jach k’áat chi’oba’an, bey le ''volcán'' ''Pacaya''. 

== Kan Siyan ==&lt;!--Historia--&gt;

== U Xookil Lu'umil Kaab ==&lt;!--Geografía--&gt;

== U Xookil Taak'inil Meyaj ==&lt;!--Economía--&gt;

== Almejen ==&lt;!--Política--&gt;

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q345453}}</text>
      <sha1>c72avhx7vslqdrjdsch51k314u645ny</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305088</id>
      <parentid>7305087</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:35:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305088</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3084" sha1="3lqpxsipq8n6h5duw3ul8q3pdl3bxro" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Xóot Lu'umil Escuintla'''&lt;br&gt;'''Departamento de Escuintla'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#ffffff;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Coat of arms of Escuintla.svg|125px]]
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[File:EscuintlaGUAT.PNG|300px]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Lu'umil
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | [[File:Flag of Guatemala.svg|border|25px]] [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|Watemáala]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Wíinik
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 1 909 965 (est. 2009) &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110527065510/http://www.conapo.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=36&amp;Itemid=234 Proyecciones de la población de México 2005-2050] utia'al [[CONAPO]].&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Área
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 38 402 [[Wp/yua/km²|km²]]
|-
|}

'''Escuintla''' (káastlan t'aan: ''Escuintla'') u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|Watemáala]]. Xook yéetel 955.400 utia'al wíinik.

Jump’éel noj kaaj yéetel ''municipio'' yaan tu nohol ''Guatemala'', tu lu’umil le k’áak’náab ''Pacífico''. Leti’ u noj kaajal le ''departamento'' ku k’aaba’ xan ''Escuintla''. Ku yaantal tu najat 340 ''metros'' tu yóok’ol kaab.

Le kaajo’ jach k’áat chi’oba’an tumen u meyajil k’áax yéetel ''industria'', tu’ux ku meyajta’al sak’ab, ''café'', ya’ab paak’alo’ob ''tropicales'' yéetel u na’akalil k’aax.
[[File:Volcan Pacaya 2004 - panoramio (1).jpg|thumb|253x253px|''Volcan'' Pacaya, ja'ab 2004]]
[[File:Parque Central de Escuintla.jpg|thumb|U noj k’íiwikil ''Escuintla'']]
[[File:Collage Escuintla Department.jpg|thumb|''Escuintla'' Múuch’beeta’al]]
Tu k’iinilo’ob ''colonia''alo’, ''Escuintla'' ka’ach jump’éel kúuchil jach páaybe’en ti’ ''comercio'', ka tu k’exikuba’ tu ''siglo''il XIX bey noj kaaj. U yaantal tu kuxil bejo’ob tu’ux ku jach bin le ''Guatemala'' kaaj yéetel le k’áak’náab ''Pacífico'' ku ts’aik u noj ''importancia'' ti’ ''transporte'' yéetel ''economía''. Bey xan, tu lu’umil yaan ''volcane''s jach k’áat chi’oba’an, bey le ''volcán'' ''Pacaya''. 

== Kan Siyan ==&lt;!--Historia--&gt;

== U Xookil Lu'umil Kaab ==&lt;!--Geografía--&gt;

== U Xookil Taak'inil Meyaj ==&lt;!--Economía--&gt;

== Almejen ==&lt;!--Política--&gt;

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q345453}}</text>
      <sha1>3lqpxsipq8n6h5duw3ul8q3pdl3bxro</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305089</id>
      <parentid>7305088</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:37:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305089</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3153" sha1="58cy8eiyj7zxcki7ilge5c92a5br2ch" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Xóot Lu'umil Escuintla'''&lt;br&gt;'''Departamento de Escuintla'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#ffffff;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Coat of arms of Escuintla.svg|125px]]
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[File:EscuintlaGUAT.PNG|300px]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Lu'umil
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | [[File:Flag of Guatemala.svg|border|25px]] [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|Watemáala]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Wíinik
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 1 909 965 (est. 2009) &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110527065510/http://www.conapo.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=36&amp;Itemid=234 Proyecciones de la población de México 2005-2050] utia'al [[CONAPO]].&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Área
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 38 402 [[Wp/yua/km²|km²]]
|-
|}

'''Escuintla''' (káastlan t'aan: ''Escuintla'') u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|Watemáala]]. Xook yéetel 955.400 utia'al wíinik.

Jump’éel noj kaaj yéetel ''municipio'' yaan tu nohol ''Guatemala'', tu lu’umil le k’áak’náab ''Pacífico''. Leti’ u noj kaajal le ''departamento'' ku k’aaba’ xan ''Escuintla''. Ku yaantal tu najat 340 ''metros'' tu yóok’ol kaab.

Le kaajo’ jach k’áat chi’oba’an tumen u meyajil k’áax yéetel ''industria'', tu’ux ku meyajta’al sak’ab, ''café'', ya’ab paak’alo’ob ''tropicales'' yéetel u na’akalil k’aax.
[[File:Volcan Pacaya 2004 - panoramio (1).jpg|thumb|253x253px|''Volcan'' Pacaya, ja'ab 2004]]
[[File:Parque Central de Escuintla.jpg|thumb|U noj k’íiwikil ''Escuintla'']]
[[File:Escuintla parque.jpg|thumb|U noj k’íiwikil ''Escuintla'']]
[[File:Collage Escuintla Department.jpg|thumb|''Escuintla'' Múuch’beeta’al]]
Tu k’iinilo’ob ''colonia''alo’, ''Escuintla'' ka’ach jump’éel kúuchil jach páaybe’en ti’ ''comercio'', ka tu k’exikuba’ tu ''siglo''il XIX bey noj kaaj. U yaantal tu kuxil bejo’ob tu’ux ku jach bin le ''Guatemala'' kaaj yéetel le k’áak’náab ''Pacífico'' ku ts’aik u noj ''importancia'' ti’ ''transporte'' yéetel ''economía''. Bey xan, tu lu’umil yaan ''volcane''s jach k’áat chi’oba’an, bey le ''volcán'' ''Pacaya''. 

== Kan Siyan ==&lt;!--Historia--&gt;

== U Xookil Lu'umil Kaab ==&lt;!--Geografía--&gt;

== U Xookil Taak'inil Meyaj ==&lt;!--Economía--&gt;

== Almejen ==&lt;!--Política--&gt;

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q345453}}</text>
      <sha1>58cy8eiyj7zxcki7ilge5c92a5br2ch</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305093</id>
      <parentid>7305089</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:42:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305093</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3288" sha1="k95tolaw29jne52kyx9aea4160yol8e" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Xóot Lu'umil Escuintla'''&lt;br&gt;'''Departamento de Escuintla'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#ffffff;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Coat of arms of Escuintla.svg|125px]]
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[File:EscuintlaGUAT.PNG|300px]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Lu'umil
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | [[File:Flag of Guatemala.svg|border|25px]] [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|Watemáala]]
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Wíinik
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 1 909 965 (est. 2009) &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110527065510/http://www.conapo.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=36&amp;Itemid=234 Proyecciones de la población de México 2005-2050] utia'al [[CONAPO]].&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top; text-align: left;&quot; | Área
| style=&quot;border-top: solid 1px #f5f9f9; padding: 0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align: top&quot; | 38 402 [[Wp/yua/km²|km²]]
|-
|}

'''''Escuintla''''' (káastlan t'aan: ''Escuintla'') u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Watemáala|Watemáala]]. Xook yéetel 955.400 utia'al wíinik.

Jump’éel noj kaaj yéetel ''municipio'' yaan tu nohol ''Guatemala'', tu lu’umil le k’áak’náab ''Pacífico''. Leti’ u noj kaajal le ''departamento'' ku k’aaba’ xan ''Escuintla''. Ku yaantal tu najat 340 ''metros'' tu yóok’ol kaab.

Le kaajo’ jach k’áat chi’oba’an tumen u meyajil k’áax yéetel ''industria'', tu’ux ku meyajta’al sak’ab, ''café'', ya’ab paak’alo’ob ''tropicales'' yéetel u na’akalil k’aax.
[[File:Volcan Pacaya 2004 - panoramio (1).jpg|thumb|253x253px|''Volcan'' ''Pacaya'', ja'ab 2004]]
[[File:Parque Central de Escuintla.jpg|thumb|U noj k’íiwikil ''Escuintla'']]
[[File:Escuintla parque.jpg|thumb|U noj k’íiwikil ''Escuintla''|left]]
[[File:Barrigones of La Democracia Escuintla Guatemala.jpg|left|thumb|''Barrigones'' ti’ ''La Democracia, Escuintla'']]
[[File:Collage Escuintla Department.jpg|thumb|''Escuintla'' Múuch’beeta’al]]
Tu k’iinilo’ob ''colonia''alo’, ''Escuintla'' ka’ach jump’éel kúuchil jach páaybe’en ti’ ''comercio'', ka tu k’exikuba’ tu ''siglo''il XIX bey noj kaaj. U yaantal tu kuxil bejo’ob tu’ux ku jach bin le ''Guatemala'' kaaj yéetel le k’áak’náab ''Pacífico'' ku ts’aik u noj ''importancia'' ti’ ''transporte'' yéetel ''economía''. Bey xan, tu lu’umil yaan ''volcane''s jach k’áat chi’oba’an, bey le ''volcán'' ''Pacaya''. 

== Kan Siyan ==&lt;!--Historia--&gt;

== U Xookil Lu'umil Kaab ==&lt;!--Geografía--&gt;

== U Xookil Taak'inil Meyaj ==&lt;!--Economía--&gt;

== Almejen ==&lt;!--Política--&gt;

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q345453}}</text>
      <sha1>k95tolaw29jne52kyx9aea4160yol8e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Holanda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>105224</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305104</id>
      <parentid>5617991</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:23:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CodigoMayaOficial</username>
        <id>2606647</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ampliación contenido y precisión en la información</comment>
      <origin>7305104</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1831" sha1="6hfx1evrh7xi8glb1xm00v8j4kifss5" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Óolandaa'''&lt;br&gt;'''Nederland'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | 
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:EU-Netherlands.svg|300px]]
|}

'''Holanda''' ( k'ajóola'an ich [[:es:Idioma_neerlandés|neerlandés]] bey: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/Nl-Holland.ogg/Nl-Holland.ogg.mp3 H''olland'']) u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Ewropa|Europa]]. 

Kitak u ja'abil 1840e', jatspaj bey ka'ap'éel proviciae', Holanda Septentrional (Holanda del Norte) yéetel  Holanda Meridional (Holanda del Sur).

Yáax táanile'  Holandae' oka'an ichilProvincias Unidas de los Países Bajos (1581-1795) le óolal jach k'a'ana'an u k'ajla'ayil, Le k'iin ku ya'ala'al  «Holanda» tu cha'a'chibta'al le Noj lu'umo', ba'ale' u jach k'aaba'e' «Países Bajos». 

Tu ajawil Luis Bonaparte (1806-1810) tu k'aba'ataj Reino de Holanda. baye xan le t'aan ku beeta'al te'elo', u k'aaba'e' neerlandés, ba'ale' k'ajóola'an bey «holandés» (ba'ale' u jaajile', le holandeso' jump'éel u jela'anil t'aan ku taal ti' le neerlandéso') bey xan bix u k'aba'ata'al máax kaja'an te'elo', k'ajóola'an bey neerlandés, ba'ale' matats' ku ya'ala'al «holandés». Kex wa tún ma' ma'alobe', tak ichil le kajnáalo'obo', bey u t'anikubáaobo'.

== Referencias ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Europa]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q55}}</text>
      <sha1>6hfx1evrh7xi8glb1xm00v8j4kifss5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305105</id>
      <parentid>7305104</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:26:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CodigoMayaOficial</username>
        <id>2606647</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ampliación contenido y precisión en la información</comment>
      <origin>7305105</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1829" sha1="9g96023je40pkb2qfq2qjz4vn2g0eib" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Holanda'''&lt;br&gt;'''Nederland'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | 
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:EU-Netherlands.svg|300px]]
|}

'''Holanda''' ( k'ajóola'an ich [[:es:Idioma_neerlandés|neerlandés]] bey: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/83/Nl-Holland.ogg/Nl-Holland.ogg.mp3 H''olland'']) u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Ewropa|Europa]]. 

Kitak u ja'abil 1840e', jatspaj bey ka'ap'éel proviciae', Holanda Septentrional (Holanda del Norte) yéetel  Holanda Meridional (Holanda del Sur).

Yáax táanile'  Holandae' oka'an ichilProvincias Unidas de los Países Bajos (1581-1795) le óolal jach k'a'ana'an u k'ajla'ayil, Le k'iin ku ya'ala'al  «Holanda» tu cha'a'chibta'al le Noj lu'umo', ba'ale' u jach k'aaba'e' «Países Bajos». 

Tu ajawil Luis Bonaparte (1806-1810) tu k'aba'ataj Reino de Holanda. baye xan le t'aan ku beeta'al te'elo', u k'aaba'e' neerlandés, ba'ale' k'ajóola'an bey «holandés» (ba'ale' u jaajile', le holandeso' jump'éel u jela'anil t'aan ku taal ti' le neerlandéso') bey xan bix u k'aba'ata'al máax kaja'an te'elo', k'ajóola'an bey neerlandés, ba'ale' matats' ku ya'ala'al «holandés». Kex wa tún ma' ma'alobe', tak ichil le kajnáalo'obo', bey u t'anikubáaobo'.

== Referencias ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Europa]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q55}}</text>
      <sha1>9g96023je40pkb2qfq2qjz4vn2g0eib</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305158</id>
      <parentid>7305105</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:39:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>26agcp</username>
        <id>2575807</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Corrijo mapa, mejoro formato</comment>
      <origin>7305158</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1321" sha1="e0k9xqu3tyhayqogd5e3lv6l4s8ntgl" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Holland region in the Netherlands-es.svg|thumb|''Holanda'' ichil le ''Países Bajos''o'.]]

'''Holanda''' (k'ajóola'an ich ''[[:es:Idioma_neerlandés|neerlandés]]'' bey: ''Holland'' {{Wp/yua/Audio|Nl-Holland.ogg|u'uyej}}) u k'aaba' jump'éel ''región'' ti' yaan ichil le [[Wp/yua/Países Bajos|''Países Bajos''o']]. 

Kitak u ja'abil 1840e', jatspaj bey ka'ap'éel ''provicia''e', ''Holanda Septentrional'' (''Holanda del Norte'') yéetel ''Holanda Meridional'' (''Holanda del Sur'').

Yáax táanile' ''Holanda''e' oka'an ichil ''Provincias Unidas de los Países Bajos'' (1581-1795), le óolal jach k'a'ana'an u k'ajla'ayil, le k'iin ku ya'ala'al «Holanda» tu cha'a'chibta'al le Noj lu'umo', ba'ale' u jach k'aaba'e' «Países Bajos». 

Tu ajawil Luis Bonaparte (1806-1810) tu k'aba'ataj ''Reino de Holanda''. baye xan le t'aan ku beeta'al te'elo', u k'aaba'e' ''neerlandés'', ba'ale' k'ajóola'an bey «holandés» (ba'ale' u jaajile', le ''holandes''o' jump'éel u jela'anil t'aan ku taal ti' le ''neerlandés''o') bey xan bix u k'aba'ata'al máax kaja'an te'elo', k'ajóola'an bey ''neerlandés'', ba'ale' matats' ku ya'ala'al «holandés». Kex wa tún ma' ma'alobe', tak ichil le kajnáalo'obo', bey u t'anikubáaobo'.

== Referencias ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q102911}}</text>
      <sha1>e0k9xqu3tyhayqogd5e3lv6l4s8ntgl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305159</id>
      <parentid>7305158</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:40:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>26agcp</username>
        <id>2575807</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>26agcp moved page [[Wp/yua/Óolandaa]] to [[Wp/yua/Holanda]]: Misspelled title</comment>
      <origin>7305158</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1321" sha1="e0k9xqu3tyhayqogd5e3lv6l4s8ntgl" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Holland region in the Netherlands-es.svg|thumb|''Holanda'' ichil le ''Países Bajos''o'.]]

'''Holanda''' (k'ajóola'an ich ''[[:es:Idioma_neerlandés|neerlandés]]'' bey: ''Holland'' {{Wp/yua/Audio|Nl-Holland.ogg|u'uyej}}) u k'aaba' jump'éel ''región'' ti' yaan ichil le [[Wp/yua/Países Bajos|''Países Bajos''o']]. 

Kitak u ja'abil 1840e', jatspaj bey ka'ap'éel ''provicia''e', ''Holanda Septentrional'' (''Holanda del Norte'') yéetel ''Holanda Meridional'' (''Holanda del Sur'').

Yáax táanile' ''Holanda''e' oka'an ichil ''Provincias Unidas de los Países Bajos'' (1581-1795), le óolal jach k'a'ana'an u k'ajla'ayil, le k'iin ku ya'ala'al «Holanda» tu cha'a'chibta'al le Noj lu'umo', ba'ale' u jach k'aaba'e' «Países Bajos». 

Tu ajawil Luis Bonaparte (1806-1810) tu k'aba'ataj ''Reino de Holanda''. baye xan le t'aan ku beeta'al te'elo', u k'aaba'e' ''neerlandés'', ba'ale' k'ajóola'an bey «holandés» (ba'ale' u jaajile', le ''holandes''o' jump'éel u jela'anil t'aan ku taal ti' le ''neerlandés''o') bey xan bix u k'aba'ata'al máax kaja'an te'elo', k'ajóola'an bey ''neerlandés'', ba'ale' matats' ku ya'ala'al «holandés». Kex wa tún ma' ma'alobe', tak ichil le kajnáalo'obo', bey u t'anikubáaobo'.

== Referencias ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q102911}}</text>
      <sha1>e0k9xqu3tyhayqogd5e3lv6l4s8ntgl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/El Salvador</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>105965</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304929</id>
      <parentid>7220618</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:58:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7304929</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1839" sha1="7bl5bi4heqqcg6c5s44i51jqga8pfaz" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''El Salvador'''&lt;br&gt;'''República de El Salvador'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of El Salvador.svg|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Coat of arms of El Salvador.svg|120px]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:LocationElSalvador.svg|300px]]
|}
[[File:Dos pupusas en DC.jpg|thumb|305x305px|''Pupusas'']]
[[File:Localización del departamento de San Salvador.svg|thumb|Tu'ux yaan San Salvador ti' El Salvador]]
'''El Salvador''' (''náhuat'' t’aane’: '''Kuskatan''' wa '''Kushkatan''', ''lenca salvadoreño'' t’aane’: '''Nekupú''' yéetel ''cacaopera'' t’aane’: '''Tupáyka'''), jump’éel ''nación'' yaan tu ''[[Wp/yua/Centroamérica|Centroamérica]]'', leti’ le más chich u lu’umil ti’ le ''región''o’. U ''capital''e’ ''[[Wp/yua/San Salvador|San Salvador]]''. Le lu’um k’ajóolta’an tumen u lu’umil ''volcanes'', u witsilo’ob, ''lagos'' yéetel u chi’ k’áak’náab ''Pacífico''. U ''cultura'' ku túumbenkunsa’al tumen u ''raíces indígenas'' yéetel u ''herencia española'', ku beetik je’ex le janal k’aaba’ pupusas. Bey xan, '''El Salvador''' yaan u ''sitios arqueológicos'' yéetel ''naturales'' k’ajóolta’ano’ob tumen le ''UNESCO'', ku ye’esik u ''patrimonio histórico'' yéetel ''cultural''.

== Referencias ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Noj lu'umilo'ob]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Ameerika]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q792}}</text>
      <sha1>7bl5bi4heqqcg6c5s44i51jqga8pfaz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304930</id>
      <parentid>7304929</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:01:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7304930</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1935" sha1="httldeul8qg49o85g6i0izmnfcmwp45" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''El Salvador'''&lt;br&gt;'''República de El Salvador'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of El Salvador.svg|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Coat of arms of El Salvador.svg|120px]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:LocationElSalvador.svg|300px]]
|}
[[File:Dos pupusas en DC.jpg|thumb|305x305px|''Pupusas'']]
[[File:Localización del departamento de San Salvador.svg|thumb|Tu'ux yaan San Salvador ti' El Salvador]]
[[File:El volcan de San salvador. - panoramio.jpg|thumb|''Wits k’áak’ ti' San salvador'']]
'''El Salvador''' (''náhuat'' t’aane’: '''Kuskatan''' wa '''Kushkatan''', ''lenca salvadoreño'' t’aane’: '''Nekupú''' yéetel ''cacaopera'' t’aane’: '''Tupáyka'''), jump’éel ''nación'' yaan tu ''[[Wp/yua/Centroamérica|Centroamérica]]'', leti’ le más chich u lu’umil ti’ le ''región''o’. U ''capital''e’ ''[[Wp/yua/San Salvador|San Salvador]]''. Le lu’um k’ajóolta’an tumen u lu’umil ''volcanes'', u witsilo’ob, ''lagos'' yéetel u chi’ k’áak’náab ''Pacífico''. U ''cultura'' ku túumbenkunsa’al tumen u ''raíces indígenas'' yéetel u ''herencia española'', ku beetik je’ex le janal k’aaba’ pupusas. Bey xan, '''El Salvador''' yaan u ''sitios arqueológicos'' yéetel ''naturales'' k’ajóolta’ano’ob tumen le ''UNESCO'', ku ye’esik u ''patrimonio histórico'' yéetel ''cultural''.

== Referencias ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Noj lu'umilo'ob]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Ameerika]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q792}}</text>
      <sha1>httldeul8qg49o85g6i0izmnfcmwp45</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304934</id>
      <parentid>7304930</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:09:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7304934</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2024" sha1="p0pcxpwe8zt2r3cynakv7zq3kbx4fr7" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''El Salvador'''&lt;br&gt;'''República de El Salvador'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of El Salvador.svg|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Coat of arms of El Salvador.svg|120px]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:LocationElSalvador.svg|300px]]
|}
[[File:Localización del departamento de San Salvador.svg|thumb|Tu'ux yaan San Salvador ti' El Salvador]]
[[File:El volcan de San salvador. - panoramio.jpg|thumb|''Wits k’áak’ ti' San salvador'']]
[[File:El salvador san salvador Parque San José.jpg|thumb|K’íiwik ''San salvador'']]
[[File:Dos pupusas en DC.jpg|thumb|251x251px|''Pupusas'']]
'''El Salvador''' (''náhuat'' t’aane’: '''Kuskatan''' wa '''Kushkatan''', ''lenca salvadoreño'' t’aane’: '''Nekupú''' yéetel ''cacaopera'' t’aane’: '''Tupáyka'''), jump’éel ''nación'' yaan tu ''[[Wp/yua/Centroamérica|Centroamérica]]'', leti’ le más chich u lu’umil ti’ le ''región''o’. U ''capital''e’ ''[[Wp/yua/San Salvador|San Salvador]]''. Le lu’um k’ajóolta’an tumen u lu’umil ''volcanes'', u witsilo’ob, ''lagos'' yéetel u chi’ k’áak’náab ''Pacífico''. U ''cultura'' ku túumbenkunsa’al tumen u ''raíces indígenas'' yéetel u ''herencia española'', ku beetik je’ex le janal k’aaba’ pupusas. Bey xan, '''El Salvador''' yaan u ''sitios arqueológicos'' yéetel ''naturales'' k’ajóolta’ano’ob tumen le ''UNESCO'', ku ye’esik u ''patrimonio histórico'' yéetel ''cultural''.

== Referencias ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Noj lu'umilo'ob]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Ameerika]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q792}}</text>
      <sha1>p0pcxpwe8zt2r3cynakv7zq3kbx4fr7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304945</id>
      <parentid>7304934</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:18:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7304945</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2245" sha1="6xikyovbk80xtn5srg4jdlmy6bzgpl4" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''El Salvador'''&lt;br&gt;'''República de El Salvador'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of El Salvador.svg|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Coat of arms of El Salvador.svg|120px]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:LocationElSalvador.svg|300px]]
|}
[[File:Localización del departamento de San Salvador.svg|thumb|Tu'ux yaan ''San Salvador ti' El Salvador'']]
[[File:El-salvador san-salvador aerial-view 2.JPG|left|thumb|''San Salvador, El Salvador'']]
[[File:El volcan de San salvador. - panoramio.jpg|thumb|''Wits k’áak’ ti' San salvador''|left]]
[[File:El salvador san salvador Parque San José.jpg|thumb|K’íiwik ''San salvador'']]
[[File:El-salvador san-salvador Catedral metropolitana 2.JPG|left|thumb|U Noj k’ujil ''San Salvador, El Salvador'']]
[[File:Dos pupusas en DC.jpg|thumb|251x251px|''Pupusas'']]
'''El Salvador''' (''náhuat'' t’aane’: '''Kuskatan''' wa '''Kushkatan''', ''lenca salvadoreño'' t’aane’: '''Nekupú''' yéetel ''cacaopera'' t’aane’: '''Tupáyka'''), jump’éel ''nación'' yaan tu ''[[Wp/yua/Centroamérica|Centroamérica]]'', leti’ le más chich u lu’umil ti’ le ''región''o’. U ''capital''e’ ''[[Wp/yua/San Salvador|San Salvador]]''. Le lu’um k’ajóolta’an tumen u lu’umil ''volcanes'', u witsilo’ob, ''lagos'' yéetel u chi’ k’áak’náab ''Pacífico''. U ''cultura'' ku túumbenkunsa’al tumen u ''raíces indígenas'' yéetel u ''herencia española'', ku beetik je’ex le janal k’aaba’ pupusas. Bey xan, '''El Salvador''' yaan u ''sitios arqueológicos'' yéetel ''naturales'' k’ajóolta’ano’ob tumen le ''UNESCO'', ku ye’esik u ''patrimonio histórico'' yéetel ''cultural''.

== Referencias ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Noj lu'umilo'ob]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Ameerika]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q792}}</text>
      <sha1>6xikyovbk80xtn5srg4jdlmy6bzgpl4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Escárcega (méek'tankaaj)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>111295</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305095</id>
      <parentid>7290806</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:55:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305095</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1762" sha1="grrluwu8b74m0ijj0s6zh4mqsj2x513" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;'''Escarcega'''&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#ffffff;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[File:CalikiniEscudo.png|150px]]
|-
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[File:Escarcega en Campeche.svg|300px]]
|}
[[File:Escárcega, Campeche, Mexico 14 May 2021 - Letras Grandes 01.jpg|thumb|251x251px|Escárcega, Kaampech]]
U méek'tankaajil '''Escárcega''', [[Wp/yua/Kampeech|Kampeech]], [[Wp/yua/México|Méxikooe]]', p'aatal tu xaman-lak'inil Noj A'almaj t'aanil u méek'tankaaj, tu'ux kutal u ts'oko'ol u pa'ak'al kij.
[[File:Escárcega, Campeche, Mexico - Restaurante.jpg|thumb|Naj janal]]
Jump'éel noj kaaj yaan ti' le ''estado'' Kaampech, ''México'', tu nohol-lak’in ti' le ''[[Wp/yua/Yucatán|Península Yucatán]]''. Leti' jump'éel kúuchil jach páaybe’en uti'al u ximbal bejo’ob, tumen ku sáastal bejo’ob tu'ux ku yéeykunsik u beel ti' Kaampech, [[Wp/yua/Quintana Roo|''Quintana Roo'']] yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Tabasco|Tabasco]]''. Le kaajo' tu ts'o'ok u k'exikuba' tu yáax ''siglo''il XX, tu yo’olal u meyajil Tsíimin k’áak’, ba'ax ku yáantik u k'exikil yéetel u noj k'áajalil máako'ob. Bejlae', ''Escárcega'' jump'éel kúuchil k'áajóoltbil uti'al ''comercio'', ''transporte'' yéetel ''servicios'', yaan xan tu yóok'ol k'áax yéetel lu'umilo'ob tu'ux ku chuunik le k'áax yéetel le táankab lu'umil tu nohol-lak’in ''México''.

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/U méek'tánkaajil Kaampech]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q2541910}}</text>
      <sha1>grrluwu8b74m0ijj0s6zh4mqsj2x513</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305096</id>
      <parentid>7305095</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:57:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305096</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1821" sha1="cz9lzmzquyhoqu1hi9gn7zotycgpy04" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;'''Escarcega'''&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#ffffff;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[File:CalikiniEscudo.png|150px]]
|-
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[File:Escarcega en Campeche.svg|300px]]
|}
[[File:Escárcega.jpg|thumb|''Escárcega'']]
[[File:Escárcega, Campeche, Mexico 14 May 2021 - Letras Grandes 01.jpg|thumb|251x251px|''Escárcega'', Kaampech|left]]
U méek'tankaajil '''Escárcega''', [[Wp/yua/Kampeech|Kampeech]], [[Wp/yua/México|Méxikooe]]', p'aatal tu xaman-lak'inil Noj A'almaj t'aanil u méek'tankaaj, tu'ux kutal u ts'oko'ol u pa'ak'al kij.
[[File:Escárcega, Campeche, Mexico - Restaurante.jpg|thumb|Naj janal|left]]
Jump'éel noj kaaj yaan ti' le ''estado'' Kaampech, ''México'', tu nohol-lak’in ti' le ''[[Wp/yua/Yucatán|Península Yucatán]]''. Leti' jump'éel kúuchil jach páaybe’en uti'al u ximbal bejo’ob, tumen ku sáastal bejo’ob tu'ux ku yéeykunsik u beel ti' Kaampech, [[Wp/yua/Quintana Roo|''Quintana Roo'']] yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Tabasco|Tabasco]]''. Le kaajo' tu ts'o'ok u k'exikuba' tu yáax ''siglo''il XX, tu yo’olal u meyajil Tsíimin k’áak’, ba'ax ku yáantik u k'exikil yéetel u noj k'áajalil máako'ob. Bejlae', ''Escárcega'' jump'éel kúuchil k'áajóoltbil uti'al ''comercio'', ''transporte'' yéetel ''servicios'', yaan xan tu yóok'ol k'áax yéetel lu'umilo'ob tu'ux ku chuunik le k'áax yéetel le táankab lu'umil tu nohol-lak’in ''México''.

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/U méek'tánkaajil Kaampech]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q2541910}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Emiliano Zapata (u méek'tankaajil Tabasco)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>112060</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305048</id>
      <parentid>7236650</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:40:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305048</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1315" sha1="h3hypjtozjexqlaxpcex1jbvfh97rew" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Emiliano Zapata en Tabasco.svg|thumb|255x255px|Tu'ux yaan le kaajo' ''Emiliano Zapata'' ti' ''Tabasco'']]
[[File:EmilianoZapataLetters2020.jpg|thumb|253x253px|Kaaj Emiliano Zapata]]
[[File:Parque Independencia, en la ciudad de Emiliano Zapata, Tabasco.jpg|left|thumb|K’íiwik ''Independencia'']]
[[File:Crossing the Bridge over Rio Usumacinta - Chablé, Tabasco 2020-02.jpg|thumb|251x251px|''Río Usumacinta'', Emiliano Zapata|left]]
U méek'tankaajil '''Emiliano Zapata''', jump’éel ''municipio'' yaan tu lu’umil ''[[Wp/yua/Tabasco|Tabasco]]'', ''México'', tu yóok’ol le ''río'' ''[[Wp/yua/Usumacinta|Usumacinta]]''. U k’aaba’ ts’a’ab tu k’áat chi’ [[Wp/yua/Emiliano Zapata|Emiliano Zapata]], jump’éel ''líder revolucionario mexicano'' k’ajóolta’an tumen u ''lucha agraria''. Le lu’umilo’ yaan úuchben ''asentamientos maya''o’ob yéetel ku p’áatal tu beejil ''comercio'' tu yóok’ol ja’, kool yéetel ''ganadería''. Bejla’e’, le ''municipio'' ku túumbenkunsa’al yéetel ku beetik ''conexión'' tu jejeláas kaajo’ob ti’ ''sureste''il ''México'', ka ku kanáantik u ''patrimonio natural'' yéetel ''cultural''.

== Tu'ux ch'a'abij ==
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/U méek'tankaajilo'ob Tabasco]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q6330764}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Emiliano Zapata</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>112298</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304996</id>
      <parentid>7220623</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:55:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7304996</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1380" sha1="ibx2q0cit7yddy84x2ctennd6mk2yor" xml:space="preserve">[[Image:Emiliano Zapata4.jpg|thumb|342x342px|right|Emiliano Zapata]]

'''Emiliano Zapata''' juntúul jo’olpóopil ti’ le kasteman yéetel máasewal wíinik’ob. Síij tu kaajil ''Anenecuilco'' ''Morelos'' tu ja’abil 1879. Kíinsa’abij.&lt;ref&gt;Emiliano Zapata, ''símbolo de lucha y resistencia campesina en México''

https://www.gob.mx/pa/es/articulos/emiliano-zapata-simbolo-de-lucha-y-resistencia-campesina-en-mexico?idiom=es&lt;/ref&gt; tu k’iinil 10 ti’ ''abril'' tu ja’abil 1919 ti le ''Hacienda Chinameca'', Morelos.

K’ajóolta’an tumen u k’ajóoltik le ''movimiento agrarista t''u k’iinilo’ob ''Revolución Mexicana'', tu k’áatik u ''derecho'' le máasewáalo’ob ti’ u lu’umil bajo le ''lema'' ''“Lu’um yéetel libertad”''. ''Zapata'' tu k’exaj u kuxtal tu yóok’ol ''justicia social'' yéetel u k’amik u lu’umil tu máasewal yéetel kaajo’ob ''rurales''. Tu k’úuchul tu 1919, ba’ale’ u ''imagen'' ku p’áatal bey ''símbolo'' ti’ ''lucha'' yéetel ''resistencia'' ti’ ''México''.

== Tu'ux ch'a'abij ==
[[File:Mil fusiles tiraron del caballo a Zapata.JPG|thumb|377x377px|Jun mil ''fusilo'ob'' ku jéets'ik Emiliano Zapata ti' u Tsíimin|left]]
[[File:Reporte de Excélsior - página 1 (11-4-1919).jpg|thumb|U ts’íibilil ''Excélsior'']]
[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Meejikoilo'ob]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q41718}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Nikte' ja'</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>113055</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305009</id>
      <parentid>7254190</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:14:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>OpiYuc</username>
        <id>2673874</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>se hace una edicion de texto</comment>
      <origin>7305009</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="911" sha1="1mpa7qwdopbwnaunbdmjtxr4wri3x6m" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Iris foetidissima PaR.JPG|thumb|251x251px|Nikte' ja']]
[[File:Nymphaea ampla, Mayan Water Lilies (9679364907).jpg|left|thumb|Nikte' ja']]
'''Nikte' ja'''' Káastlan t'aan: ''Lirio de agua''.


ma' jun kúul sija'an wey lu'umile', ku taj ti' u Lu'umil ''Sudrafica'', ba'ale' ti' le k'iino'oba ts'o'ok u ch'i'i bej u kuxtal te' lu'uma'. suukti' u kuxtal ich ja' wa tu'ux maank'iinal ch'uul le lu'umo', ku nojochtal yéetel ku puuts'ni'kubaj. ya'ax u boonil u le'ob y loolo'obe' sak, u chúumukile' chak k'an. ma' ustut'aan ya'abach u ja'ats'al men le k'iino' le beetike' chen ku jook'ol tu'ux yaan jump'íit bo'oy, ba'ale' ma' ustut'aal mix le ke'elo', suuk u yila'al u loolankil ti u wina'alilo'ob ''marzo'' tak ''mayo'', je'el u beetik loob ti' le máako'obo' chen wa ku jaantiko'ob le beetike' unaj u pa'ak'al tu'ux ma' tu k'uchol le mejen paalalo'obo'.

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q11163316}}</text>
      <sha1>1mpa7qwdopbwnaunbdmjtxr4wri3x6m</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305101</id>
      <parentid>7305009</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:15:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>26agcp</username>
        <id>2575807</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>corrijo imagen y nombre</comment>
      <origin>7305101</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="888" sha1="ba0eujdkjdqa5thb5s64ugki92ywxvq" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Nymphaea ampla-IMG 3479.jpg|thumb|200px|Nikte' ja']]
[[File:Nymphaea ampla, Mayan Water Lilies (9679364907).jpg|left|thumb|Nikte' ja']]
'''Nikte' ja'''' (''Nymphaea ampla'')

ma' jun kúul sija'an wey lu'umile', ku taj ti' u Lu'umil ''Sudrafica'', ba'ale' ti' le k'iino'oba ts'o'ok u ch'i'i bej u kuxtal te' lu'uma'. suukti' u kuxtal ich ja' wa tu'ux maank'iinal ch'uul le lu'umo', ku nojochtal yéetel ku puuts'ni'kubaj. ya'ax u boonil u le'ob y loolo'obe' sak, u chúumukile' chak k'an. ma' ustut'aan ya'abach u ja'ats'al men le k'iino' le beetike' chen ku jook'ol tu'ux yaan jump'íit bo'oy, ba'ale' ma' ustut'aal mix le ke'elo', suuk u yila'al u loolankil ti u wina'alilo'ob ''marzo'' tak ''mayo'', je'el u beetik loob ti' le máako'obo' chen wa ku jaantiko'ob le beetike' unaj u pa'ak'al tu'ux ma' tu k'uchol le mejen paalalo'obo'.

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q3346672}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Úukum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>115882</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305098</id>
      <parentid>7259323</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:06:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CodigoMayaOficial</username>
        <id>2606647</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Imagen y corrección de texto</comment>
      <origin>7305098</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="214" sha1="9b7m7veg51xzeligfbgdw0xw4w7oo5w" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Common pigeon at Waterlow Park, London, United Kingdom 01.jpg|thumb|Castilla úukum]]
'''Úukum''' (káastlan t'aan: ''paloma'')

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Ch'íich'o'ob]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q1266517}}</text>
      <sha1>9b7m7veg51xzeligfbgdw0xw4w7oo5w</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305100</id>
      <parentid>7305098</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:10:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CodigoMayaOficial</username>
        <id>2606647</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ampliación de contenido</comment>
      <origin>7305100</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="620" sha1="lvk4e1vjbbtd1dx7u4293f2jg9h16wo" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Common pigeon at Waterlow Park, London, United Kingdom 01.jpg|thumb|Castilla úukum]]
'''Úukum''' (káastlan t'aan: ''paloma'')

Jejeláas úukumo'ob yano'ob tu lu'umil yucatán, yaan tsuutsuy, mukuy, sakpakal, yéetel úukum taasan tumen le sak wíiniko'obo'. 

Ku jelpajal ikil bix kaja'anilo'ob. le mukuyo' u chichnil ti' tuláakalo'ob.

Tsuutsuye' yaan u booxil u kaal.

Sak pakale' u chan nojochil.

Le Castilla úukumo' , jach ku yalak'ta'al ti'al jaantbil, ku ya'ala'ale' ku ts'akik asma , ba'ale' ma' jach jets'a'an wa jaaji.

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Ch'íich'o'ob]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q1266517}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Eritrea</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>116317</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305080</id>
      <parentid>7219727</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:10:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305080</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2088" sha1="ffqrzwj8ig5wx6hftgavldok6z31zvr" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Eritrea'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of Eritrea.svg|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Coat of arms of Eritrea (or-argent-azur).svg|125px]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:LocationEritrea.svg|300px]]
|}
[[File:AsmaraCollage.jpg|thumb|''Asmara'' Múuch’beeta’al]]
'''Eritrea''' (tigriña t'aane': ሃገረ ኤርትራ, ''Hagere Ertra''; árabe t'aane': دولة إرتريا‎, ''Dawlat Irītriyā'') u k'aaba' jump'éel noj lu'um yaan ti' u xikin ''[[Wp/yua/África|África]]'', tu'ux ku náachkunsikuba' yéetel le K'áak'náab Chako'. U noj kaajal leti' ''[[Wp/yua/Asmara|Asmara]]''. Ku ts'áabal u p'éel ''frontera'' yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Sudán|Sudán]]'' tu chik'in, ''[[Wp/yua/Etiopía|Etiopía]]'' tu nojol yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Yibuti|Yibuti]]'' tu nojol-lak'in. ''Eritrea'' tu cha'ik u ''independencia'' ti' ''Etiopía'' ti' ja'ab 1993 tu pach jump'éel najat áanalil. Le lu'umo' yaan u ya'abtal jejeláas máako'ob, t'aano'ob yéetel suukilo'ob ''culturales''. Yaan nojoch wits'o'ob, táankab lu'um yéetel najat taanil k'áak'náab tu xikin, ba'ax ku ts'áik u noj ''importancia ecológica'' yéetel ''estratégica''.

== Jejeláasil k’ajóoltalo’ob ==

* Noj kaajal: ''Asmara''.
* U máasewal máak (2025): tu láakal 6.4 ''millones'' máako'ob ku kuxa'ano'ob.
* Tu'ux yaan: xikin ''África'', tu náachil le K’áak’náab Chako’.
* U ''libertad'': 24 ti' ''mayo'' 1993.

* T'aano'ob yaan u noj k'áat chi': t''igriña, árabe'' yéetel ''inglés''.

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==&lt;!--Referencias--&gt;
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Noj lu'umilo'ob]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Áfrikaa]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q986}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Eslovaquia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>117807</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305102</id>
      <parentid>7220637</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:17:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305102</origin>
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      <text bytes="1884" sha1="ge6x1fyp0kudknkoo5x6j021q4yb60v" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Eslovaquia'''&lt;br&gt;'''''Slovenská republika'''''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of Slovakia.svg|border|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Coat of Arms of Slovakia.svg|125px]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:EU-Slovakia.svg|300px]]
|}
[[File:View of Bratislava from Nový most, 20210727 1012 0262.jpg|thumb|251x251px|Bratislava, ja'ab 2021]]
'''''Eslovaquia''''' u k'aaba' jump’éel noj lu’um yaan tu ''Europa central'', ma’ tu’ux ku k’uchul k’áak’náab. U noj kaajal leti’ ''Bratislava'', yéetel ku péekbal yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Austria|Austria]], [[Wp/yua/República Checa|República Checa]], [[Wp/yua/Polonia|Polonia]], [[Wp/yua/Ukrania|Ucrania]]'' yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Hungría|Hungría]]''.

''Eslovaquia'' jump’éel ''república parlamentaria'' yéetel ku yantal ti’ ''Unión Europea'' ''desde'' ja’ab 2004. U lu’umil jach wits’il, ''especialmente'' tu yóok’ol le ''Cárpatos'', tu’ux yaan le ''Altos Tatras''.
[[File:Lomnicky Peak, High Tatras, Slovakia.jpg|thumb|''Altos Tatras'']]
U ''economía'' jach k’exikuba’, ku yaantal ''industria automotriz, ingeniería'' yéetel ''turismo''. Bey xan, yaan u noj ''patrimonio cultural'', bey k’áaxo’ob yéetel ''castillos'' úuchben, suukilo’ob yéetel ''parques naturales'' kanáantbil. 

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==&lt;!--Referencias--&gt;
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Noj lu'umilo'ob]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Europa]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q214}}</text>
      <sha1>ge6x1fyp0kudknkoo5x6j021q4yb60v</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305103</id>
      <parentid>7305102</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:22:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305103</origin>
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      <text bytes="2128" sha1="h5i46wr6uechagkculw7j7rvqnr4g9p" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Eslovaquia'''&lt;br&gt;'''''Slovenská republika'''''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of Slovakia.svg|border|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Coat of Arms of Slovakia.svg|125px]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:EU-Slovakia.svg|300px]]
|}
[[File:View of Bratislava from Nový most, 20210727 1012 0262.jpg|thumb|251x251px|Bratislava, ja'ab 2021]]
'''''Eslovaquia''''' u k'aaba' jump’éel noj lu’um yaan tu ''Europa central'', ma’ tu’ux ku k’uchul k’áak’náab. U noj kaajal leti’ ''Bratislava'', yéetel ku péekbal yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Austria|Austria]], [[Wp/yua/República Checa|República Checa]], [[Wp/yua/Polonia|Polonia]], [[Wp/yua/Ukrania|Ucrania]]'' yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Hungría|Hungría]]''.

''Eslovaquia'' jump’éel ''república parlamentaria'' yéetel ku yantal ti’ ''Unión Europea'' ''desde'' ja’ab 2004. U lu’umil jach wits’il, ''especialmente'' tu yóok’ol le ''Cárpatos'', tu’ux yaan le ''Altos Tatras''.
[[File:Lomnicky Peak, High Tatras, Slovakia.jpg|thumb|''Altos Tatras'']]
[[File:Castillo de Bratislava, Eslovaquia, 2020-02-01, DD 56.jpg|thumb|''Castillo de Bratislava, Eslovaquia'']]
[[File:Parque del palacio Grassalkovich, Bratislava, Eslovaquia, 2020-02-01, DD 17.jpg|thumb|''Parque de Bratislava, Eslovaquia'']]
U ''economía'' jach k’exikuba’, ku yaantal ''industria automotriz, ingeniería'' yéetel ''turismo''. Bey xan, yaan u noj ''patrimonio cultural'', bey k’áaxo’ob yéetel ''castillos'' úuchben, suukilo’ob yéetel ''parques naturales'' kanáantbil. 

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==&lt;!--Referencias--&gt;
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Noj lu'umilo'ob]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Europa]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q214}}</text>
      <sha1>h5i46wr6uechagkculw7j7rvqnr4g9p</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305107</id>
      <parentid>7305103</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:29:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305107</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2302" sha1="e28exw1oleg6720y57e9zruqvtl5m3w" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Eslovaquia'''&lt;br&gt;'''''Slovenská republika'''''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of Slovakia.svg|border|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Coat of Arms of Slovakia.svg|125px]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:EU-Slovakia.svg|300px]]
|}
[[File:View of Bratislava from Nový most, 20210727 1012 0262.jpg|thumb|251x251px|Bratislava, ja'ab 2021]]
'''''Eslovaquia''''' u k'aaba' jump’éel noj lu’um yaan tu ''Europa central'', ma’ tu’ux ku k’uchul k’áak’náab. U noj kaajal leti’ ''Bratislava'', yéetel ku péekbal yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Austria|Austria]], [[Wp/yua/República Checa|República Checa]], [[Wp/yua/Polonia|Polonia]], [[Wp/yua/Ukrania|Ucrania]]'' yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Hungría|Hungría]]''.

''Eslovaquia'' jump’éel ''república parlamentaria'' yéetel ku yantal ti’ ''Unión Europea'' ''desde'' ja’ab 2004. U lu’umil jach wits’il, ''especialmente'' tu yóok’ol le ''Cárpatos'', tu’ux yaan le ''Altos Tatras''.
[[File:Lomnicky Peak, High Tatras, Slovakia.jpg|thumb|''Altos Tatras'']]
[[File:Castillo de Bratislava, Eslovaquia, 2020-02-01, DD 56.jpg|thumb|''Castillo de Bratislava, Eslovaquia'']]
[[File:Parque del palacio Grassalkovich, Bratislava, Eslovaquia, 2020-02-01, DD 17.jpg|thumb|''Parque de Bratislava, Eslovaquia'']]
[[File:Widok w kierunku Trzech Koron z niebieskiego szlaku w słowackim Pienińskim Parku Narodowym, 20210807 1041 1558.jpg|thumb|''Parque Nacionalil Pieniny, Eslovaquia'']]
U ''economía'' jach k’exikuba’, ku yaantal ''industria automotriz, ingeniería'' yéetel ''turismo''. Bey xan, yaan u noj ''patrimonio cultural'', bey k’áaxo’ob yéetel ''castillos'' úuchben, suukilo’ob yéetel ''parques naturales'' kanáantbil. 

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==&lt;!--Referencias--&gt;
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Noj lu'umilo'ob]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Europa]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q214}}</text>
      <sha1>e28exw1oleg6720y57e9zruqvtl5m3w</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305108</id>
      <parentid>7305107</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:33:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305108</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2402" sha1="ey3qnoft8kicub8k5vzkn3t4l0xe1rv" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''Eslovaquia'''&lt;br&gt;'''''Slovenská republika'''''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of Slovakia.svg|border|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Coat of Arms of Slovakia.svg|125px]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:EU-Slovakia.svg|300px]]
|}
[[File:View of Bratislava from Nový most, 20210727 1012 0262.jpg|thumb|251x251px|Bratislava, ja'ab 2021]]
'''''Eslovaquia''''' u k'aaba' jump’éel noj lu’um yaan tu ''Europa central'', ma’ tu’ux ku k’uchul k’áak’náab. U noj kaajal leti’ ''Bratislava'', yéetel ku péekbal yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Austria|Austria]], [[Wp/yua/República Checa|República Checa]], [[Wp/yua/Polonia|Polonia]], [[Wp/yua/Ukrania|Ucrania]]'' yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Hungría|Hungría]]''.

''Eslovaquia'' jump’éel ''república parlamentaria'' yéetel ku yantal ti’ ''Unión Europea'' ''desde'' ja’ab 2004. U lu’umil jach wits’il, ''especialmente'' tu yóok’ol le ''Cárpatos'', tu’ux yaan le ''Altos Tatras''.
[[File:Lomnicky Peak, High Tatras, Slovakia.jpg|thumb|''Altos Tatras''|left]]
[[File:Castillo de Bratislava, Eslovaquia, 2020-02-01, DD 56.jpg|thumb|''Castillo de Bratislava, Eslovaquia'']]
[[File:Parque del palacio Grassalkovich, Bratislava, Eslovaquia, 2020-02-01, DD 17.jpg|thumb|''Parque de Bratislava, Eslovaquia''|left]]
[[File:Widok w kierunku Trzech Koron z niebieskiego szlaku w słowackim Pienińskim Parku Narodowym, 20210807 1041 1558.jpg|thumb|''Parque Nacionalil Pieniny, Eslovaquia'']]
[[File:Šášovský hrad (by Pudelek) 1.JPG|left|thumb|Úuchben noj najil ''Šášov'' ]]
U ''economía'' jach k’exikuba’, ku yaantal ''industria automotriz, ingeniería'' yéetel ''turismo''. Bey xan, yaan u noj ''patrimonio cultural'', bey k’áaxo’ob yéetel ''castillos'' úuchben, suukilo’ob yéetel ''parques naturales'' kanáantbil. 

== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==&lt;!--Referencias--&gt;
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Noj lu'umilo'ob]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Europa]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q214}}</text>
      <sha1>ey3qnoft8kicub8k5vzkn3t4l0xe1rv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Eslovenia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>117809</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305109</id>
      <parentid>7220639</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:40:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305109</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2126" sha1="hd687j3zrbuw8otvrf230fl4s9u4005" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''U Lu'umil Fráansiae''''&lt;br&gt;'''République française'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of Slovenia.svg|border|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Armoiries république française.svg|125px]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:EU location FRA.png|300px]]
|}
[[File:Fuente de la Plaza Nueva, Liubliana, Eslovenia, 2017-04-14, DD 50-52 HDR.jpg|thumb|252x252px|''Fuente de la Plaza Nueva, Liubliana, Eslovenia,'' Ja'ab 2017]]
'''''Eslovenia''''' u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Ewropa|Ewropa]]. Xook yéetel 65.073.482 utia'al wíinik.
[[File:City of Piran in Slovenia (6).jpg|thumb|U kaajil ''Piran, Eslovenia'']]
Jump’éel noj lu’um yaan ''Europa Central'', ichil le ''Alpes'' yéetel le K’áak’náab ''Adriático''. U noj kaajal leti’ ''Ljubljana''. Ku ts’áabal u p’éel ''frontera'' yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Italia|Italia]], [[Wp/yua/Austria|Austria]], [[Wp/yua/Hungría|Hungría]]'' yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Croacia|Croacia]]''. Tu cha’aj u ''libertad'' ti’ ''Yugoslavia'' ti’ 25 ''junio'' 1991, yéetel bejla’e’ leti’ jump’éel ''miembro'' ti’ ''Unión Europea'' yéetel ''OTAN''. Le lu’umo’ k’ajóolta’an tumen u wits’o’ob, u k’áaxo’ob, u ''lagojo’ob'' yéetel u aktuno’ob. Bey xan, ku kanáantik le ''naturaleza'' yéetel le ''medio ambiente''. U ''economía'' ku ts’áabal tumen ''industria, servicios, turismo'' yéetel ''comercio''. ''Eslovenia'' k’ajóolta’an xan tumen u ma’alob kuxtal yéetel u ya’abtal ''patrimonio cultural'' yéetel ''histórico''.


== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==&lt;!--Referencias--&gt;
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Noj lu'umilo'ob]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Europa]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q215}}</text>
      <sha1>hd687j3zrbuw8otvrf230fl4s9u4005</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305110</id>
      <parentid>7305109</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:41:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305110</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2244" sha1="dlf387wcnyaa47m108yk4t0ejob80df" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''U Lu'umil Fráansiae''''&lt;br&gt;'''République française'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of Slovenia.svg|border|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Armoiries république française.svg|125px]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:EU location FRA.png|300px]]
|}
[[File:Fuente de la Plaza Nueva, Liubliana, Eslovenia, 2017-04-14, DD 50-52 HDR.jpg|thumb|252x252px|''Fuente de la Plaza Nueva, Liubliana, Eslovenia,'' Ja'ab 2017]]
'''''Eslovenia''''' u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Ewropa|Ewropa]]. Xook yéetel 65.073.482 utia'al wíinik.
[[File:City of Piran in Slovenia (6).jpg|thumb|U kaajil ''Piran, Eslovenia'']]
[[File:Ridge of Veliki Vrh, Karawanks, Slovenia 11.jpg|thumb|U ka’analil ti' ''Veliki Vrh, Karawanks, Eslovenia'']]
Jump’éel noj lu’um yaan ''Europa Central'', ichil le ''Alpes'' yéetel le K’áak’náab ''Adriático''. U noj kaajal leti’ ''Ljubljana''. Ku ts’áabal u p’éel ''frontera'' yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Italia|Italia]], [[Wp/yua/Austria|Austria]], [[Wp/yua/Hungría|Hungría]]'' yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Croacia|Croacia]]''. Tu cha’aj u ''libertad'' ti’ ''Yugoslavia'' ti’ 25 ''junio'' 1991, yéetel bejla’e’ leti’ jump’éel ''miembro'' ti’ ''Unión Europea'' yéetel ''OTAN''. Le lu’umo’ k’ajóolta’an tumen u wits’o’ob, u k’áaxo’ob, u ''lagojo’ob'' yéetel u aktuno’ob. Bey xan, ku kanáantik le ''naturaleza'' yéetel le ''medio ambiente''. U ''economía'' ku ts’áabal tumen ''industria, servicios, turismo'' yéetel ''comercio''. ''Eslovenia'' k’ajóolta’an xan tumen u ma’alob kuxtal yéetel u ya’abtal ''patrimonio cultural'' yéetel ''histórico''.


== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==&lt;!--Referencias--&gt;
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Noj lu'umilo'ob]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Europa]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q215}}</text>
      <sha1>dlf387wcnyaa47m108yk4t0ejob80df</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305111</id>
      <parentid>7305110</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:45:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305111</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2301" sha1="8wgfqo0vknmpsmxouu893kcxe2o1h7y" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''U Lu'umil Fráansiae''''&lt;br&gt;'''République française'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of Slovenia.svg|border|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Armoiries république française.svg|125px]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:EU location FRA.png|300px]]
|}
[[File:Fuente de la Plaza Nueva, Liubliana, Eslovenia, 2017-04-14, DD 50-52 HDR.jpg|thumb|252x252px|''Fuente de la Plaza Nueva, Liubliana, Eslovenia,'' Ja'ab 2017]]
'''''Eslovenia''''' u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Ewropa|Ewropa]]. Xook yéetel 65.073.482 utia'al wíinik.
[[File:City of Piran in Slovenia (6).jpg|thumb|U kaajil ''Piran, Eslovenia'']]
[[File:Ridge of Veliki Vrh, Karawanks, Slovenia 11.jpg|thumb|U ka’analil ti' ''Veliki Vrh, Karawanks, Eslovenia'']]
[[File:Kranj 19.jpg|thumb|''Alta Carniola, Eslovenia'']]
Jump’éel noj lu’um yaan ''Europa Central'', ichil le ''Alpes'' yéetel le K’áak’náab ''Adriático''. U noj kaajal leti’ ''Ljubljana''. Ku ts’áabal u p’éel ''frontera'' yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Italia|Italia]], [[Wp/yua/Austria|Austria]], [[Wp/yua/Hungría|Hungría]]'' yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Croacia|Croacia]]''. Tu cha’aj u ''libertad'' ti’ ''Yugoslavia'' ti’ 25 ''junio'' 1991, yéetel bejla’e’ leti’ jump’éel ''miembro'' ti’ ''Unión Europea'' yéetel ''OTAN''. Le lu’umo’ k’ajóolta’an tumen u wits’o’ob, u k’áaxo’ob, u ''lagojo’ob'' yéetel u aktuno’ob. Bey xan, ku kanáantik le ''naturaleza'' yéetel le ''medio ambiente''. U ''economía'' ku ts’áabal tumen ''industria, servicios, turismo'' yéetel ''comercio''. ''Eslovenia'' k’ajóolta’an xan tumen u ma’alob kuxtal yéetel u ya’abtal ''patrimonio cultural'' yéetel ''histórico''.


== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==&lt;!--Referencias--&gt;
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Noj lu'umilo'ob]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Europa]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q215}}</text>
      <sha1>8wgfqo0vknmpsmxouu893kcxe2o1h7y</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305113</id>
      <parentid>7305111</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:51:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305113</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2445" sha1="qrhmf3qovhem1jqndlxnxmkw87mw0x6" xml:space="preserve">{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''U Lu'umil Fráansiae''''&lt;br&gt;'''République française'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 |
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Flag of Slovenia.svg|border|125px]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | [[File:Armoiries république française.svg|125px]]
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Lakam
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot; | Chimal
|}
|-
| align=center colspan=2 | [[image:EU location FRA.png|300px]]
|}
[[File:Fuente de la Plaza Nueva, Liubliana, Eslovenia, 2017-04-14, DD 50-52 HDR.jpg|thumb|252x252px|''Fuente de la Plaza Nueva, Liubliana, Eslovenia,'' Ja'ab 2017]]
'''''Eslovenia''''' u k'aaba' junp'éel lu'umil ich [[Wp/yua/Ewropa|Ewropa]]. Xook yéetel 65.073.482 utia'al wíinik.
[[File:City of Piran in Slovenia (6).jpg|thumb|U kaajil ''Piran, Eslovenia''|left]]
[[File:Ridge of Veliki Vrh, Karawanks, Slovenia 11.jpg|thumb|U ka’analil ti' ''Veliki Vrh, Karawanks, Eslovenia'']]
[[File:Kranj 19.jpg|thumb|''Alta Carniola, Eslovenia''|left]]
[[File:Río Ljubljanica, Liubliana, Eslovenia, 2017-04-15, DD 01.jpg|left|thumb|U bel ja’il ''Ljubljanica, Liubliana, Eslovenia'']]
Jump’éel noj lu’um yaan ''Europa Central'', ichil le ''Alpes'' yéetel le K’áak’náab ''Adriático''. U noj kaajal leti’ ''Ljubljana''. Ku ts’áabal u p’éel ''frontera'' yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Italia|Italia]], [[Wp/yua/Austria|Austria]], [[Wp/yua/Hungría|Hungría]]'' yéetel ''[[Wp/yua/Croacia|Croacia]]''. Tu cha’aj u ''libertad'' ti’ ''Yugoslavia'' ti’ 25 ''junio'' 1991, yéetel bejla’e’ leti’ jump’éel ''miembro'' ti’ ''Unión Europea'' yéetel ''OTAN''. Le lu’umo’ k’ajóolta’an tumen u wits’o’ob, u k’áaxo’ob, u ''lagojo’ob'' yéetel u aktuno’ob. Bey xan, ku kanáantik le ''naturaleza'' yéetel le ''medio ambiente''. U ''economía'' ku ts’áabal tumen ''industria, servicios, turismo'' yéetel ''comercio''. ''Eslovenia'' k’ajóolta’an xan tumen u ma’alob kuxtal yéetel u ya’abtal ''patrimonio cultural'' yéetel ''histórico''.


== Tu'ux ch'a'aba'an lela' ==&lt;!--Referencias--&gt;
{{Wp/yua/Reflist}}

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Noj lu'umilo'ob]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Europa]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q215}}</text>
      <sha1>qrhmf3qovhem1jqndlxnxmkw87mw0x6</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Na'</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>118386</id>
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      <id>7304876</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:57:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>OpiYuc</username>
        <id>2673874</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>se hace una edicion de texto</comment>
      <origin>7304876</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="965" sha1="hxxzrvx7sf4m6fb9j128wjf249qaj1q" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Huichol indian.jpg|375x375px|thumb|Na' le']]
[[File:Tunkan Maia Yucatan.jpg|thumb|Na' le']]
'''Na'''' Káastlan t'aan: ''Madre''

Bix u no'oj tuukulile',jun túul ko'olel ts'oka'an u beel yáanchaja'an u paalal, kex chen juntúul u paal ku k'ajolta'al je'ex '''na'e'''' ba'ale' ma' chen ku ts'aik síijilil, ku káalantik yéetel ku tseentik, ku yilik ka'aj kuxlajak le máax ts'o'ok u ts'aik u kuxtalil, ichin xan ba'ax ku beetike', ku ka'ansik ba'ax unaj u beetik ti'al u beetik u kuxtalile' ma' jach talami'. ba'ax u k'aat u ya'al túun le je'elo' kex ma' ts'oka'an u beele' wa yaanchaja'an u paalale' leyli jun túul '''na'''' tumen yaan máaxe' kex ts'oka'an u beele' ma' tu páajatal u ts'aik kuxtal, wa tumen k'oja'anchajil, uuch lobti', tu sen kaláantubaj wa chen máan u ja'abilti'.

Jun tùul natsile' ku kaaxtik u yò'och u mejeen paalal, jun t'uul natsile' ku no'ochkintik yèetel ku kalaantik u paalal.

[[Category:Wp/yua]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q7560}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Muliix</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>189826</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304869</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>OpiYuc</username>
        <id>2673874</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>se hace una edicion de texto</comment>
      <origin>7304869</origin>
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      <text bytes="1505" sha1="r7x0un1v4i63t2ds0ppgihpo2zvtm0s" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/yua/Taxobox
| color       = pink
| name        = Muliix
| image       = P1030323.JPG
| image_width = 200px
| image_caption = P'aak
| regnum      = ''Aban''
| phylum      = ''Magnoliophyta''
| classis     = ''Magnoliopsida''
| ordo        = ''Solanales''
| familia     = ''Solanaceae''
}}

'''Muliix:''' tso'otsel ku yila'al kotspaja'an, ko'ox alik tuune', jun túul ko'olel wa jun túul xiib ko'okots' u tso'otsel u pool, yaane' beey u síigilo'ob, ba'ale yaan u l'aak'e' chen ma' ustut'aan bix yanik u tso'otsel u poole' tune' ku beetik ka'a máak'anpajak ti'al u p'áatal bey ko'okots'o'.

ichil tuukulo'obe ti' u kaajilo'ob maaya wíiniko'obe' ojéelta'an le mejen paalalo'ob ku síijilo'ob yéetel u chan tuuxe', k'aabéet u chu'uyulti', le je'elo' u ti'a'al ma' u s'atal ti' wa u ti'al ma' u yookoltalti', beey xan wa ku síijil ya'ax u mejen icho'ob, ba'ale le mejen paalan ku síijil '''muliix''' u tso'otsel u poole', ti'al u kaláanta'al ma' u ts'úukulti' wa ti'al ma' u yokolta'alti' u '''mulixii'''le' min mina'an bixi'.

Ba'ale yan xan jum p'éel jejeláas u yich che' k'ajóolta'an bey l''imón'' Muliix(ich latin t'aan: ''Citrus limon'').

Ichil le t'aana' Muliixo'''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'''' ku ch'a'abal tia'al u ya'alal u le' xíu ku mochpajal tia'al u ya'alal ku Muliixtal.

[[Image:Lemon.jpg|thumb|251x251px|left|Muliix]]

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Xíiwo'ob]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q500}}
[[File:Curly hair (51213255373).jpg|left|thumb|Ko'olel yéetel u tso'otsel ku yila'al kotspaja'an]]</text>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>OpiYuc</username>
        <id>2673874</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>se añade imagen</comment>
      <origin>7304870</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1534" sha1="0oawke6k25twkgfiq75wwevral4gwdu" xml:space="preserve">'''Muliix:''' tso'otsel ku yila'al kotspaja'an, ko'ox alik tuune', jun túul ko'olel wa jun túul xiib ko'okots' u tso'otsel u pool, yaane' beey u síigilo'ob, ba'ale yaan u l'aak'e' chen ma' ustut'aan bix yanik u tso'otsel u poole' tune' ku beetik ka'a máak'anpajak ti'al u p'áatal bey ko'okots'o'.
[[File:Muliix.jpg|thumb|Muliix]]
ichil tuukulo'obe ti' u kaajilo'ob maaya wíiniko'obe' ojéelta'an le mejen paalalo'ob ku síijilo'ob yéetel u chan tuuxe', k'aabéet u chu'uyulti', le je'elo' u ti'a'al ma' u s'atal ti' wa u ti'al ma' u yookoltalti', beey xan wa ku síijil ya'ax u mejen icho'ob, ba'ale le mejen paalan ku síijil '''muliix''' u tso'otsel u poole', ti'al u kaláanta'al ma' u ts'úukulti' wa ti'al ma' u yokolta'alti' u '''mulixii'''le' min mina'an bixi'.

Ba'ale yan xan jum p'éel jejeláas u yich che' k'ajóolta'an bey l''imón'' Muliix(ich latin t'aan: ''Citrus limon'').

Ichil le t'aana' Muliixo'''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'''' ku ch'a'abal tia'al u ya'alal u le' xíu ku mochpajal tia'al u ya'alal ku Muliixtal.

[[Image:Lemon.jpg|thumb|251x251px|left|Muliix]]

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Xíiwo'ob]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q500}}{{Wp/yua/Taxobox
| color       = pink
| name        = Muliix
| image       = P1030323.JPG
| image_width = 200px
| image_caption = P'aak
| regnum      = ''Aban''
| phylum      = ''Magnoliophyta''
| classis     = ''Magnoliopsida''
| ordo        = ''Solanales''
| familia     = ''Solanaceae''
}}[[File:Curly hair (51213255373).jpg|left|thumb|Ko'olel yéetel u tso'otsel ku yila'al kotspaja'an]]</text>
      <sha1>0oawke6k25twkgfiq75wwevral4gwdu</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Shams948</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>215157</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304805</id>
      <parentid>690018</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:34:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Таёжный лес</username>
        <id>2566317</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Siuth Azerbaijani Wiktionary */ new section</comment>
      <origin>7304805</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1781" sha1="p4uhvza4jwvf41knts4fx3v904nv62m" xml:space="preserve">

== Welcome ==
{{Translations|Template:Welcome|version=3|extratitle=&lt;br /&gt;([[Template:Welcome-translate|Translate]]!)}}
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|float={{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|left|right}}
}}
{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;div class=&quot;rtl-text&quot;&gt;|}}
Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
{{#ifeq:{{#ifeq:|yes|yes}}|yes|If you haven't already, please consider creating yourself an account to be able to do more.  It's free.&lt;br&gt;}}
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]].

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;/div&gt;|}}&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:12, 12 January 2012 (UTC)

== Siuth Azerbaijani Wiktionary ==

Hello! I suggest you create a [[meta:Requests_for_new_languages/Wiktionary_South_Azerbaijani|request]] to launch the separate South Azerbaijani Wiktionary. See [[meta:Language_committee/Handbook_(requesters)#Making_a_new_request]]. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 14:34, 4 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>p4uhvza4jwvf41knts4fx3v904nv62m</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304806</id>
      <parentid>7304805</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:34:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Таёжный лес</username>
        <id>2566317</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Siuth Azerbaijani Wiktionary */</comment>
      <origin>7304806</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1781" sha1="evyugdr6tmyzhsjvamyaeccb1szcoo3" xml:space="preserve">

== Welcome ==
{{Translations|Template:Welcome|version=3|extratitle=&lt;br /&gt;([[Template:Welcome-translate|Translate]]!)}}
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|float={{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|left|right}}
}}
{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;div class=&quot;rtl-text&quot;&gt;|}}
Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
{{#ifeq:{{#ifeq:|yes|yes}}|yes|If you haven't already, please consider creating yourself an account to be able to do more.  It's free.&lt;br&gt;}}
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]].

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;/div&gt;|}}&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:12, 12 January 2012 (UTC)

== South Azerbaijani Wiktionary ==

Hello! I suggest you create a [[meta:Requests_for_new_languages/Wiktionary_South_Azerbaijani|request]] to launch the separate South Azerbaijani Wiktionary. See [[meta:Language_committee/Handbook_(requesters)#Making_a_new_request]]. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 14:34, 4 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>evyugdr6tmyzhsjvamyaeccb1szcoo3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305016</id>
      <parentid>7304806</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:22:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shams948</username>
        <id>77520</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>User talk:Shams948 دییشدیریلیر/Answer</comment>
      <origin>7305016</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2114" sha1="lo5ns7cbow4f8w2qq5m4xme6hbgxzjd" xml:space="preserve">

== Welcome ==
{{Translations|Template:Welcome|version=3|extratitle=&lt;br /&gt;([[Template:Welcome-translate|Translate]]!)}}
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|float={{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|left|right}}
}}
{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;div class=&quot;rtl-text&quot;&gt;|}}
Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
{{#ifeq:{{#ifeq:|yes|yes}}|yes|If you haven't already, please consider creating yourself an account to be able to do more.  It's free.&lt;br&gt;}}
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]].

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;/div&gt;|}}&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:12, 12 January 2012 (UTC)

== South Azerbaijani Wiktionary ==

Hello! I suggest you create a [[meta:Requests_for_new_languages/Wiktionary_South_Azerbaijani|request]] to launch the separate South Azerbaijani Wiktionary. See [[meta:Language_committee/Handbook_(requesters)#Making_a_new_request]]. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 14:34, 4 September 2026 (UTC)
:Thank you for your help [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]). I will try to apply. But there are few participants who are familiar with my native language. Will it be possible to agree? [[User:Shams948|Shams948]] ([[User talk:Shams948|talk]]) 18:21, 4 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>lo5ns7cbow4f8w2qq5m4xme6hbgxzjd</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305094</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:48:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Таёжный лес</username>
        <id>2566317</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* South Azerbaijani Wiktionary */ Reply</comment>
      <origin>7305094</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2330" sha1="4czvj0h33dq32clrnfkl3oa8qbleiih" xml:space="preserve">

== Welcome ==
{{Translations|Template:Welcome|version=3|extratitle=&lt;br /&gt;([[Template:Welcome-translate|Translate]]!)}}
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|float={{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|left|right}}
}}
{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;div class=&quot;rtl-text&quot;&gt;|}}
Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
{{#ifeq:{{#ifeq:|yes|yes}}|yes|If you haven't already, please consider creating yourself an account to be able to do more.  It's free.&lt;br&gt;}}
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]].

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;/div&gt;|}}&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:12, 12 January 2012 (UTC)

== South Azerbaijani Wiktionary ==

Hello! I suggest you create a [[meta:Requests_for_new_languages/Wiktionary_South_Azerbaijani|request]] to launch the separate South Azerbaijani Wiktionary. See [[meta:Language_committee/Handbook_(requesters)#Making_a_new_request]]. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 14:34, 4 September 2026 (UTC)
:Thank you for your help [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]). I will try to apply. But there are few participants who are familiar with my native language. Will it be possible to agree? [[User:Shams948|Shams948]] ([[User talk:Shams948|talk]]) 18:21, 4 September 2026 (UTC)
::A few permanent, active participants will be sufficient for the project to be approved. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 19:48, 4 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>4czvj0h33dq32clrnfkl3oa8qbleiih</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/rgn/Sant'Êtca</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>251393</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305335</id>
      <parentid>7292766</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:03:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TheFlagandAnthemGuy</username>
        <id>2568147</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>TheFlagandAnthemGuy moved page [[Wp/rgn/Sant'Èghta]] to [[Wp/rgn/Sant'Êtca]]: Misspelled title: trovato riferimento</comment>
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'''Sant'Èghta''' (''Sant'Agata sul Santerno'') l'è un cumùn ad 2.512 abitant pió o menc. L'è sôta la pruvinza ad Ravêna.
{{Wp/rgn/ProvRAVENNA}}

[[Category:Wp/rgn]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q52989}}
[[Category:Wp/rgn/Cità]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305346</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:24:57Z</timestamp>
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        <id>2568147</id>
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      <text bytes="561" sha1="qwxr5o5j2b888zalq9eg46296pjt7ye" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/rgn/RO!}}
{{Wp/rgn/S}}

'''Sant'Êtca'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Wp/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Franco Ponseggi
 |tit =Nuovo Vocabolario Romagnolo
 |ann =2024
 |edi =Tempo al libro
 |loc =Fënza
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =99
 |tra =
 |isb =9791281307117
 |doi =
 |url =
}}&lt;/ref&gt; o {{Wp/rgn/Sẽnza surẓẽnt|'''Sant'Èghta'''}}([[Wp/rgn/Italièn|Italièn]]: ''Sant'Agata sul Santerno'') l'è un cumõn ad 2.512 abitẽnt sôta la pruvēnza ad Ravêna.
{{Wp/rgn/ProvRAVENNA}}

{{INTERWIKI|Q52989}}
[[Category:Wp/rgn]]
[[Category:Wp/rgn/Cumun dla Rumagna]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305354</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:39:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TheFlagandAnthemGuy</username>
        <id>2568147</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>7305354</origin>
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      <text bytes="579" sha1="0vwyw8tj7tskkz2zn1yqyb18zz9lpxb" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/rgn/RO!}}
{{Wp/rgn/S}}

'''Sant'Êtca'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Wp/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Franco Ponseggi
 |tit =Nuovo Vocabolario Romagnolo
 |ann =2024
 |edi =Tempo al libro
 |loc =Fënza
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =99
 |tra =
 |isb =9791281307117
 |doi =
 |url =
}}&lt;/ref&gt; o {{Wp/rgn/Sẽnza surẓẽnt|'''Sant'Èghta'''}}([[Wp/rgn/Italièn|Italièn]]: ''Sant'Agata sul Santerno'') l'è un cumõn ad 2.512 abitẽnt sôta la pruvēnza ad Ravêna.
{{Wp/rgn/Armand}}
{{Wp/rgn/ProvRAVENNA}}

{{INTERWIKI|Q52989}}
[[Category:Wp/rgn]]
[[Category:Wp/rgn/Cumun dla Rumagna]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/rgn/Slarol</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>251394</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305337</id>
      <parentid>7292863</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:06:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TheFlagandAnthemGuy</username>
        <id>2568147</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>TheFlagandAnthemGuy moved page [[Wp/rgn/Slaròl]] to [[Wp/rgn/Slarol]]: Misspelled title</comment>
      <origin>7292863</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="158" sha1="4mjz6jfh7il7tqh6l1n2ynjifzbqi0x" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/rgn/S}}
Slaròl (''Solarolo'') l'è un cumùn ad 4.311 abitant pió o menc. L'è sôta la pruvinza ad Ravêna.
{{Wp/rgn/ProvRAVENNA}}
[[Category:Wp/rgn]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305341</id>
      <parentid>7305337</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:09:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TheFlagandAnthemGuy</username>
        <id>2568147</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>mess a post i nom</comment>
      <origin>7305341</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="387" sha1="1w5igx4ptbcipdsvuon7s1heprwnqa8" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/rgn/RO!}}
{{Wp/rgn/S}}
'''Slarôl''' o '''Slaròl''' ([[Wp/rgn/Italièn|Italièn]]: ''Solarolo'') l'è un cumùn ad  4 486&lt;ref&gt;{{Wp/rgn/Zita web|url=https://demo.istat.it/app/?a=2026&amp;i=D7B|acc=26.08.2026|sit=demo.istat.it|tit=Bilancio demografico mensile}}&lt;/ref&gt; abitint sôta la pruvinza ad Ravêna.

{{Wp/rgn/ProvRAVENNA}}
[[Category:Wp/rgn]]
[[Category:Wp/rgn/Cumun dla Rumagna]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/sma/Nöörje</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>285616</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305403</id>
      <parentid>6826121</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:26:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mr. Lechkar</username>
        <id>2557802</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305403</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1206" sha1="1unei6n6y5ypgu75gg313kpea7t3wqh" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/sma/Laante
|nomme                = Nöörjen gånkarijhke
|saevege              = Flag of Norway.svg
|vaeknie              = Coat of arms of Norway.svg
|saevegeartihkle      = Nöörjen saevege
|vaeknieartihkle      = Nöörjen vaeknie
|kaarhte              = Norway (orthographic projection).svg
|åejviestaare         = Oslove
|goelpeneståaroe      = 385 186
|gïele 1              = Daaroengïele
|gïele 2              = 
|gïele 3              =
|gïele 4              =
|almetjh              = 4 985 870
|gånka                = Haakon VIII
|staateministere      = Jonas Gahr Støre
|beetneg              = Nöörjen kråvnoe
|aejkie               = UTC+1
|giesieaejkie         = UTC+2
|nasjovnelaavloe      = Ja, vi elsker dette landet
|nasjovnebiejjie      = 17. suehpede
|måttoe               = Alt for Norge
|HDI                  = 0,938
|teelefovne           = 
|laantekååde          = NO
}}
'''Nöörje''' lea laante [[Wp/sma/Europa|Europesne]]. Nöörjen åejviestaare lea [[Wp/sma/Oslove|Oslove]]. Nöörjese guvlieh [[Wp/sma/Svalbard|Svalbard]], [[Wp/sma/Bjørnøya|Bjørnøya]] jïh [[Wp/sma/Jan Mayen|Jan Mayen]].

[[Category:Wp/sma/Laante]]
[[Category:Wp/sma]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q20}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Úuchben ch'i'ibalo'obo'</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>334352</id>
    <revision>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>2606647</id>
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      <comment>Ampliación de contenido</comment>
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      <text bytes="1724" sha1="m7j4i27d97s42ty6nspfqlj3oppvy3m" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Middle Multinskoe - Panoramic.jpg|thumb|Yook'ol kab]]
[[File:Hunting deer, mural, 6th millennium BC, MACA, 99003.jpg|thumb|Tu kano'ob u kinsko'ob le ba'aleche'ob]]
Ichil u tsikbalil PopolVuhe', k'eeban wíinike' ya'ab u tpeenel beeta'abij, ba'ale' ma' tu jóok'ol ma'alobil.
[[File:Puntas de jabalina, lanza y flecha del yacimiento de Castilsabás.jpg|thumb|U nu'ukul u meyajilo'ob]]
Ka'ach uuchil le ch'iibalo'ob chiichan u naato'ob, le tuun junjunp'itil ka kajil u ch'aako'ob u naato'ob, letuun kakajil u meentko'ob u nu'ukul u meyajilo'ob (''lanzas,flechas'') tulaakal le nu'ukulo'ob meenta'an yéetel u bak le ba'aleche'ob beyxan yéetel u xeexetal tunicho'ob, le máako'oba' anchajil u kanko'ob u xooko'ob le yook'ol, tuux ku yaantal le ek, u tial u yojeetko'ob bix u yaantal k'iin, u ja'ajali yéetel u ke'elil.

Le uuchben ch'iibalo'ob. tu kano'ob u mentko'ob nuukuch najilo'ob ,le k'ajo'oltan bejlae' (Chichen itza, kaba Uxmal, Labnaj), le najo'oba' mentil u tumen le ch'iibalo'oba' ya'achajo'obil, yéetel u tial u ts'a'abal junp'éel ki'imakolil u tial le u yun k'uj, tumen anchajil m'aalob kuxtalil je'elbix le u ma'alobil tu ts'aajle paak'al,wáa yo'olal le u k'aaxal toosab, le ch'iibalo'ob tu  t'ooxuba'ob ichil le lu'um ''Yukatan'', ''Campeche'', Quintana Roo, ''Belize'' yéetel u laak' kajalilo'ob weey tu lu'umil ''México''. 
[[File:Observatory Complex - Chichen Itza 2024.jpg|thumb|left|Chichén Itzá]]
[[File:Kabah Palace - Maya architecture.jpg|thumb|Kabah]]
[[File:Uxmal Yucatán.jpg|thumb|Uxmal|left]]
[[File:Mexico-6568 - Labná Courtyard (4724857448).jpg|left|thumb|Labná]]
Le ch'iibalo'oba' ma' k'aajolta'an bix laj kimo'ob, waa yo'olal k'oja'anil, waabaax uchti'ob.


[[Category:Wp/yua]]</text>
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    <revision>
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        <id>2606647</id>
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      <comment>Ampliación de contenido</comment>
      <origin>7304940</origin>
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      <text bytes="2106" sha1="3tlnna50gtxequt3rfo9pykrytp7pgw" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Middle Multinskoe - Panoramic.jpg|thumb|Yook'ol kab]]
[[File:Hunting deer, mural, 6th millennium BC, MACA, 99003.jpg|thumb|Tu kano'ob u kinsko'ob le ba'aleche'ob]]
Ichil u tsikbalil PopolVuhe', k'eeban wíinike' ya'ab u téenel beeta'abij, ba'ale' ma' tu jóok'ol ma'alobil.

* '''Yáax téenal. K'atil máako'ob:''' Jach mina'an u muuk'o'ob, totojkij u máano'ob, wáa ku ch'u'ululo'obe' ku mixba'altalo'ob, ma' ma'alob u t'aano'obi', le óolale' ka'aj xu'ulsa'abo'ob.

* '''U ka'atéenal. Che'il máako'ob):''' Ma'alob u t'aano'ob, anchaj u mejen paalalo'ob, ba'ale' mina'an u yóolo'ob, ku tu'ubsiko'ob ya'ab ba'alo'ob, yéetel ma' tu chíimpoltiko'ob le yuum k'ujo'obo'. Taal búulkabile' ka'aj xu'ulsa'abo'ob, le ma' kíimo'obo', suunaj ma'axilo'ob.

* '''El tercer intento (Los animales):''' Antes del hombre final, los animales poblaron la tierra, pero al no poder hablar ni venerar a los dioses, fueron relegados a comerse los unos a los otros. [1, 2]

* '''El cuarto intento (Hombres de maíz):''' Guiados por animales que revelaron el sustento sagrado, los dioses usaron masa de maíz blanco y amarillo para moldear la carne y la sangre de los primeros cuatro hombres verdaderos. [1, 2, 3]

Le uuchben ch'iibalo'ob. tu kano'ob u mentko'ob nuukuch najilo'ob ,le k'ajo'oltan bejlae' (Chichen itza, kaba Uxmal, Labnaj), le najo'oba' mentil u tumen le ch'iibalo'oba' ya'achajo'obil, yéetel u tial u ts'a'abal junp'éel ki'imakolil u tial le u yun k'uj, tumen anchajil m'aalob kuxtalil je'elbix le u ma'alobil tu ts'aajle paak'al,wáa yo'olal le u k'aaxal toosab, le ch'iibalo'ob tu  t'ooxuba'ob ichil le lu'um ''Yukatan'', ''Campeche'', Quintana Roo, ''Belize'' yéetel u laak' kajalilo'ob weey tu lu'umil ''México''. 
[[File:Observatory Complex - Chichen Itza 2024.jpg|thumb|left|Chichén Itzá]]
[[File:Kabah Palace - Maya architecture.jpg|thumb|Kabah]]
[[File:Uxmal Yucatán.jpg|thumb|Uxmal|left]]
[[File:Mexico-6568 - Labná Courtyard (4724857448).jpg|left|thumb|Labná]]
Le ch'iibalo'oba' ma' k'aajolta'an bix laj kimo'ob, waa yo'olal k'oja'anil, waabaax uchti'ob.


[[Category:Wp/yua]]</text>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>CodigoMayaOficial</username>
        <id>2606647</id>
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      <comment>Ampliación de contenido</comment>
      <origin>7304961</origin>
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      <text bytes="2145" sha1="st60aca1jgxs2vwffz5ly4olxx5uafq" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Middle Multinskoe - Panoramic.jpg|thumb|Yook'ol kab]]
[[File:Hunting deer, mural, 6th millennium BC, MACA, 99003.jpg|thumb|Tu kano'ob u kinsko'ob le ba'aleche'ob]]
Ichil u tsikbalil PopolVuhe', k'eeban wíinike' ya'ab u téenel beeta'abij, ba'ale' ma' tu jóok'ol ma'alobil.

* '''Yáax téenal. K'atil máako'ob:''' Jach mina'an u muuk'o'ob, totojkij u máano'ob, wáa ku ch'u'ululo'obe' ku mixba'altalo'ob, ma' ma'alob u t'aano'obi', le óolale' ka'aj xu'ulsa'abo'ob.

* '''U ka'atéenal. Che'il máako'ob:''' Ma'alob u t'aano'ob, anchaj u mejen paalalo'ob, ba'ale' mina'an u yóolo'ob, ku tu'ubsiko'ob ya'ab ba'alo'ob, yéetel ma' tu chíimpoltiko'ob le yuum k'ujo'obo'. Taal búulkabile' ka'aj xu'ulsa'abo'ob, le ma' kíimo'obo', suunaj ma'axilo'ob.

* '''U yóoxtéen. Ba'alche'ob:''' Ka'alikil ma' beeta'an u jach ma'alobil le wíiniko'obo', ba'alche'obe' tu yumilto'ob, yóok'ol kaab, ba'ale' ikil ma' tu t'aano'ob mix tu chíimpoltikoob yuumtsilo'obe', ka'aj p'a'ato'ob pachil yéetel ka'aj káaj u jaantikubáab ichil u baatselo'ob.

* '''U kantéen. Ixi'im máako'ob.''' Ba'alche'ob e'ex kili'ich ixi'im tii' yuumtsilo'ob, tu juch'o'ob u jejelaáasil ixi'imo'obe' ka'aj tu beeto'ob u bak'el máak, leti' le yano'on tak bejla'a'.

Le uuchben ch'iibalo'ob. tu kano'ob u mentko'ob nuukuch najilo'ob ,le k'ajo'oltan bejlae' (Chichen itza, kaba Uxmal, Labnaj), le najo'oba' mentil u tumen le ch'iibalo'oba' ya'achajo'obil, yéetel u tial u ts'a'abal junp'éel ki'imakolil u tial le u yun k'uj, tumen anchajil m'aalob kuxtalil je'elbix le u ma'alobil tu ts'aajle paak'al,wáa yo'olal le u k'aaxal toosab, le ch'iibalo'ob tu  t'ooxuba'ob ichil le lu'um ''Yukatan'', ''Campeche'', Quintana Roo, ''Belize'' yéetel u laak' kajalilo'ob weey tu lu'umil ''México''. 
[[File:Observatory Complex - Chichen Itza 2024.jpg|thumb|left|Chichén Itzá]]
[[File:Kabah Palace - Maya architecture.jpg|thumb|Kabah]]
[[File:Uxmal Yucatán.jpg|thumb|Uxmal|left]]
[[File:Mexico-6568 - Labná Courtyard (4724857448).jpg|left|thumb|Labná]]
Le ch'iibalo'oba' ma' k'aajolta'an bix laj kimo'ob, waa yo'olal k'oja'anil, waabaax uchti'ob.


[[Category:Wp/yua]]</text>
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    <revision>
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        <id>2606647</id>
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      <comment>Revisón de texto y ampliación</comment>
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      <text bytes="2010" sha1="cho18pa11fa3lqwru8jvecziik4mnfq" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Middle Multinskoe - Panoramic.jpg|thumb|Yook'ol kab]]
[[File:Hunting deer, mural, 6th millennium BC, MACA, 99003.jpg|thumb|Tu kano'ob u kinsko'ob le ba'aleche'ob]]
Ichil u tsikbalil PopolVuhe', k'eeban wíinike' ya'ab u téenel beeta'abij, ba'ale' ma' tu jóok'ol ma'alobil.

* '''Yáax téenal. K'atil máako'ob:''' Jach mina'an u muuk'o'ob, totojkij u máano'ob, wáa ku ch'u'ululo'obe' ku mixba'altalo'ob, ma' ma'alob u t'aano'obi', le óolale' ka'aj xu'ulsa'abo'ob.

* '''U ka'atéenal. Che'il máako'ob:''' Ma'alob u t'aano'ob, anchaj u mejen paalalo'ob, ba'ale' mina'an u yóolo'ob, ku tu'ubsiko'ob ya'ab ba'alo'ob, yéetel ma' tu chíimpoltiko'ob le yuum k'ujo'obo'. Taal búulkabile' ka'aj xu'ulsa'abo'ob, le ma' kíimo'obo', suunaj ma'axilo'ob.

* '''U yóoxtéen. Ba'alche'ob:''' Ka'alikil ma' beeta'an u jach ma'alobil le wíiniko'obo', ba'alche'obe' tu yumilto'ob, yóok'ol kaab, ba'ale' ikil ma' tu t'aano'ob mix tu chíimpoltikoob yuumtsilo'obe', ka'aj p'a'ato'ob pachil yéetel ka'aj káaj u jaantikubáab ichil u baatselo'ob.

* '''U kantéen. Ixi'im máako'ob.''' Ba'alche'ob e'ex kili'ich ixi'im tii' yuumtsilo'ob, tu juch'o'ob u jejelaáasil ixi'imo'obe' ka'aj tu beeto'ob u bak'el máak, leti' le yano'on tak bejla'a'.

Le uuchben ch'iibalo'ob. tu kano'ob u mentko'ob nuukuch najilo'ob, le k'ajo'oltan bejlae' (Chichen itza, kaba Uxmal, Labnaj), le najo'oba' u tial u ts'a'abal jump'éel ki'imak óolil u ti'al yumk'ujo'obo', tumen anchajil m'aalob kuxtalil. Le ch'iibalo'obo' tu  t'ooxubáa'ob tu lu'umilo'ob Yucatán, Campeche, Quintana Roo, Belize yéetel u laak' kajalilo'ob weey tu lu'umil Méxicoe'. 
[[File:Observatory Complex - Chichen Itza 2024.jpg|thumb|left|Chichén Itzá]]
[[File:Kabah Palace - Maya architecture.jpg|thumb|Kabah]]
[[File:Uxmal Yucatán.jpg|thumb|Uxmal|left]]
[[File:Mexico-6568 - Labná Courtyard (4724857448).jpg|left|thumb|Labná]]
Le ch'iibalo'oba' ma' k'aajolta'an bix laj kimo'obi', wa yo'olal k'oja'anil, wa ba'ax úuchti'ob.


[[Category:Wp/yua]]</text>
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    <revision>
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      <text bytes="1964" sha1="jck45vkr5urgapdft17aavs8vn5z1ur" xml:space="preserve">[[File:The Earth seen from Apollo 17.jpg|thumb|Yook'ol kab]]
[[File:Popol Wuj's deity.png|thumb|U yuumtsilo'obil PopolVuh]]
Ichil u tsikbalil PopolVuhe', k'eeban wíinike' ya'ab u téenel beeta'abij, ba'ale' ma' tu jóok'ol ma'alobil.

* '''Yáax téenal. K'atil máako'ob:''' Jach mina'an u muuk'o'ob, totojkij u máano'ob, wáa ku ch'u'ululo'obe' ku mixba'altalo'ob, ma' ma'alob u t'aano'obi', le óolale' ka'aj xu'ulsa'abo'ob.

* '''U ka'atéenal. Che'il máako'ob:''' Ma'alob u t'aano'ob, anchaj u mejen paalalo'ob, ba'ale' mina'an u yóolo'ob, ku tu'ubsiko'ob ya'ab ba'alo'ob, yéetel ma' tu chíimpoltiko'ob le yuum k'ujo'obo'. Taal búulkabile' ka'aj xu'ulsa'abo'ob, le ma' kíimo'obo', suunaj ma'axilo'ob.

* '''U yóoxtéen. Ba'alche'ob:''' Ka'alikil ma' beeta'an u jach ma'alobil le wíiniko'obo', ba'alche'obe' tu yumilto'ob, yóok'ol kaab, ba'ale' ikil ma' tu t'aano'ob mix tu chíimpoltikoob yuumtsilo'obe', ka'aj p'a'ato'ob pachil yéetel ka'aj káaj u jaantikubáab ichil u baatselo'ob.

* '''U kantéen. Ixi'im máako'ob.''' Ba'alche'ob e'ex kili'ich ixi'im tii' yuumtsilo'ob, tu juch'o'ob u jejelaáasil ixi'imo'obe' ka'aj tu beeto'ob u bak'el máak, leti' le yano'on tak bejla'a'.

Le uuchben ch'iibalo'ob. tu kano'ob u mentko'ob nuukuch najilo'ob, le k'ajo'oltan bejlae' (Chichen itza, kaba Uxmal, Labnaj), le najo'oba' u tial u ts'a'abal jump'éel ki'imak óolil u ti'al yumk'ujo'obo', tumen anchajil m'aalob kuxtalil. Le ch'iibalo'obo' tu  t'ooxubáa'ob tu lu'umilo'ob Yucatán, Campeche, Quintana Roo, Belize yéetel u laak' kajalilo'ob weey tu lu'umil Méxicoe'. 
[[File:Observatory Complex - Chichen Itza 2024.jpg|thumb|left|Chichén Itzá]]
[[File:Kabah Palace - Maya architecture.jpg|thumb|Kabah]]
[[File:Uxmal Yucatán.jpg|thumb|Uxmal|left]]
[[File:Mexico-6568 - Labná Courtyard (4724857448).jpg|left|thumb|Labná]]
Le ch'i'ibalo'oba' ma' k'aajolta'an bix laj kimo'obi', wa yo'olal k'oja'anil, wa ba'ax úuchti'ob.


[[Category:Wp/yua]]</text>
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    <revision>
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        <id>2606647</id>
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      <comment>Ampliación contenido y precisión en la información</comment>
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      <text bytes="2128" sha1="iiake615a0f7ir8qag93fbnsu2abjwu" xml:space="preserve">[[File:The Earth seen from Apollo 17.jpg|thumb|Yook'ol kab]]
[[File:Popol Wuj's deity.png|thumb|U yuumtsilo'obil PopolVuh]]
Ichil u tsikbalil PopolVuhe', k'eeban wíinike' ya'ab u téenel beeta'abij, ba'ale' ma' tu jóok'ol ma'alobil.

* '''Yáax téenal. K'atil máako'ob:''' Jach mina'an u muuk'o'ob, totojkij u máano'ob, wáa ku ch'u'ululo'obe' ku mixba'altalo'ob, ma' ma'alob u t'aano'obi', le óolale' ka'aj xu'ulsa'abo'ob.

* '''U ka'atéenal. Che'il máako'ob:''' Ma'alob u t'aano'ob, anchaj u mejen paalalo'ob, ba'ale' mina'an u yóolo'ob, ku tu'ubsiko'ob ya'ab ba'alo'ob, yéetel ma' tu chíimpoltiko'ob le yuum k'ujo'obo'. Taal búulkabile' ka'aj xu'ulsa'abo'ob, le ma' kíimo'obo', suunaj ma'axilo'ob.

* '''U yóoxtéen. Ba'alche'ob:''' Ka'alikil ma' beeta'an u jach ma'alobil le wíiniko'obo', ba'alche'obe' tu yumilto'ob, yóok'ol kaab, ba'ale' ikil ma' tu t'aano'ob mix tu chíimpoltikoob yuumtsilo'obe', ka'aj p'a'ato'ob pachil yéetel ka'aj káaj u jaantikubáab ichil u baatselo'ob.

* '''U kantéen. Ixi'im máako'ob.''' Ba'alche'ob e'ex kili'ich ixi'im tii' yuumtsilo'ob, tu juch'o'ob u jejelaáasil ixi'imo'obe' ka'aj tu beeto'ob u bak'el máak, leti' le yano'on tak bejla'a'.

Le uuchben ch'iibalo'ob. tu kano'ob u mentko'ob nuukuch najilo'ob, le k'ajo'oltan bejlae' (Chichen itza, kaba Uxmal, Labnaj), le najo'oba' u tial u ts'a'abal jump'éel ki'imak óolil u ti'al yumk'ujo'obo', tumen anchajil m'aalob kuxtalil. Le ch'iibalo'obo' tu  t'ooxubáa'ob tu lu'umilo'ob Yucatán, Campeche, Quintana Roo, Belize yéetel u laak' kajalilo'ob weey tu lu'umil Méxicoe'. 
[[File:Observatory Complex - Chichen Itza 2024.jpg|thumb|left|Chichén Itzá]]
[[File:Kabah Palace - Maya architecture.jpg|thumb|Kabah]]
[[File:Uxmal Yucatán.jpg|thumb|Uxmal|left]]
[[File:Mexico-6568 - Labná Courtyard (4724857448).jpg|left|thumb|Labná]]
Le ch'i'ibalo'oba' ma' k'aajolta'an bix laj kíimiko'obi', wa yo'olal k'oja'anil, wa ba'ax úuchti'ob. Ba'ale', le ka'aj k'uch le sak wíiniko'obo', chéen wa jaytúul p'aatalo'obi', ya'abe' ma' ojéela'an tu'ux bino'obi', tak le noj kaajo'oboo', laj bu'ut'o'ob.


[[Category:Wp/yua]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:MirkBo</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>599120</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305327</id>
      <parentid>1221944</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:45:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MemicznyJanusz</username>
        <id>2563623</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>MemicznyJanusz moved page [[User talk:Ziijon]] to [[User talk:MirkBo]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Ziijon|Ziijon]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/MirkBo|MirkBo]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>1221944</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1275" sha1="srhr8okfam8464yjis1fjbc1appc9l7" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|lang-support=Language support
|float={{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|left|right}}
}}
{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;div class=&quot;rtl-text&quot;&gt;|}}
Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
{{#ifeq:|yes|If you haven't already, please consider creating yourself an account to be able to do more.  It's free.&lt;br&gt;}}
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]].

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;/div&gt;|}}&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 21:57, 2 April 2013 (UTC)</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Enrique Gottdiener</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>634405</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305077</id>
      <parentid>7199793</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:01:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305077</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="2067" sha1="o2yw876gdfpiaf93gtca3yhbm70vhgc" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Maternidad de Gottdiener.jpg|thumb|U meyaj k’ab Enrique Gottdiener]]
'''Enrique Gottdiener Soto''' juntúul aj meyaj k’ab ''mexikaano'', síija’an tu ja’abil 1909 tu [[Wp/yua/Ciudad de México|kaajil ''México'']] kíimil tu ja’abil 1986 ichil u ''miismo'' kaajil. Ichil ''maas'' ti’ 40 ja’ab kaajlaj tu kaajil ''[[Wp/yua/Jo', Yúukatan|Mérida]], [[Wp/yua/Yucatán|Yucatán]]'' tu’ux tu mak’antaj yáab meyajil yóosal le aj meyaj k’ab (''Escultórica''), tu’ux ku ch’iikpakunsik u maaya kaajil. 

U paalil Marcos Gottdiener te’ u taalbaj [[Wp/yua/Austria|austro]]-[[Wp/yua/Hungría|húngaro]] yéetel Esther Soto, ''mexicana'', tuxtáan ''deesde'' tu palalil [[Wp/yua/Europa|''Europa'']] tu’ux tu kanáaj yéetel ts’aa k’ajooltbil u meyajil. Leti’e’ xáan juntúul máakil u yabiltamaj úuchben balo’ob leti’e’ yaantajti’ jump’éel k’ana’an ''colección'' ti’ úuchben balo’obo’.

== Bíimbal u meyaj ''artiistika'' ==
Ka ts’o’ook u k’ajóoltik u ''México ruralil'', ts’o’okil u jabilo’ob 30s, tu ya’alaj yaan u p’aatal ''Yucatane’'' tu’ux t’aan ts’aa xook yóosal k’ajlail ''aarte'' yéetel aj meyaj k’ab. Kajbaja’an tu kajil ''Mérida'' tu k’ajóoltaj [[Wp/yua/Rómulo Rozo|Rómulo Rozo]] aj meyaj k’ab [[Wp/yua/Kolombia|colombiano]] leti’e’ xaan kajbala’an ti’ noj kajil ''Yucatán''. Tak xaan táakbesajil yéetel [[Wp/yua/Octavio Paz|Octavio Paz]] tu wináalilo’ob tu kinilo’ob le [[Wp/yua/Premio Nobel|''premio Nobel'']] de ''Literatura'' yanchaj tu kajil ''Yucatán'', ja’abo’ob tu’ux leti’ob ku ts’aajo’ob xook tu kuuchil ''Escuela Secundaria Federal'' ti’al paalal meyaj wíinko’ob. Ichil maas ti’ 30 ja’ab leti’e’ aj ka’ansajil ti’ ''arte'' yóosal aj meyaj k’ab táak u jéel najil xoko’ob ''estataleso’ob''. K’a’ajsa’an yóolal le meyaj tu metaj yéetel múuch’ul máako’ob éetlu’umilo’ob ichil le k’ino’obo’.

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Meejikoilo'ob]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q5833362}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Ermilo Abreu Gómez</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>634440</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305086</id>
      <parentid>7217076</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:22:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jorge F. Victoria Puerto</username>
        <id>2658048</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ku ts'a'abal jump'éel oochel</comment>
      <origin>7305086</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1336" sha1="torertr76kex7kwutqgh344dnb01a8w" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Busto de Ermilo Abreu Gómez, Mérida, Yucatán (02).JPG|thumb|251x251px|K’áat chi’ kaaj]]
'''Ermilo Abreu Gómez''' ([[Wp/yua/Jo', Yúukatan|''Mérida'']], [[Wp/yua/Yucatán|''Yucatán'']], tu k’íinil 18 ti u wi’inalil ''Septiembre'' tu ja’abil 1894 - tu [[Wp/yua/Ciudad de México|noj lu’umil ''México'']] tu k’íinil 14 ti u wi’inalil Julio tu ja’abil 1971). Letie’ juntúul máak [[Wp/yua/Aj Ts'íib|aj ts’íib]] ''mexicano''.
[[File:Placa de la casa donde vivió Ermilo Abreu Gómez.jpg|thumb|U ''placa'' naj tu’ux kajtalnaj]]
Letie’ jatsuts tu yilaj u meyaj le x-aj tsíib Sor [[Wp/yua/Juana Inés de la Cruz|Juana Inés de la Cruz]], tu’ux tu ts’iibtaj u kuxtal. Je’ex bix le x-''monja Jerónima'', yéetel le ts’íib tu yilajo’ ka tal tu tuukul u ts’íibtik u tia’ali’, jatsuts ts’íibo’ob.

Tu ja’abil 1963 leti’ u poolil le ''Academia de la lengua'', tu jeel Artemio de Valle Arizpe.

== Meyaj ==
Tu ja’abil 1940 le ts’íib jach k’ajolta’abo’ tu k’aaba’taj ''Canek''. Beyxan tu ja’abil 1761 tu ts’íibtaj bix u kuxtajil maya kaaj. Le meyajo’ob u beetmaj le aj ts’íibo’ ka’a ts’íibta’ab tumen u yatan, ''«¡Y las mejores páginas me las perdió Ninfa!»''

[[Category:Wp/yua]]
[[Category:Wp/yua/Yukatanilo'ob]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q1748115}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Titay, Zamboanga Sibugay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375162</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304951</id>
      <parentid>7263753</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:21:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7304951</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="918" sha1="590dc6igejqsroxf31w3pb7w63xgjrh" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga sibugay titay.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Titay''' usad na ikarwang klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[Zamboanga Sibugay]], [[Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 350.44 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 55,534 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7003.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Titay sa 30 barangay.

* Achasol
* Azusano
* Bangco
* Camanga
* Culasian
* Dalangin
* Dalangin Muslim
* Dalisay
* Gomotoc
* Imelda (Upper Camanga)
* Kipit
* Kitabog
* La Libertad
* Longilog
* Mabini
* Malagandis
* Mate
* Moalboal
* Namnama
* New Canaan
* Palomoc
* [[Poblacion]] (Titay)
* Poblacion Muslim
* Pulidan
* San Antonio
* San Isidro
* Santa Fe
* Supit
* Tugop
* Tugop Muslim
* Poblacion Mariano

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category:Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga Sibugay]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q131975}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Talusan, Zamboanga Sibugay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375168</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304958</id>
      <parentid>7263754</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:25:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7304958</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="755" sha1="fo0d5qhh8z4aok1m26m3yrjgopmbvwp" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga sibugay talusan.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Talusan''' usad na ikalimang klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga Sibugay|Zamboanga Sibugay]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 58.16 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 17, 925 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7012.        

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Talusan sa 14 barangay.

* Aurora
* Baganipay
* Bolingan
* Bualan
* Cawilan
* Florida
* Kasigpitan
* Laparay
* Mahayahay
* Moalboal
* [[Poblacion]] (Talusan)
* Sagay
* Samonte
* Tuburan

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga Sibugay]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q131968}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Siay, Zamboanga Sibugay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375173</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304960</id>
      <parentid>7263755</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:28:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7304960</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="919" sha1="eih9vdonpki71x43ntbjwqrwss2v7hl" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga sibugay siay.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Siay''' usad na ikarwang klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga Sibugay|Zamboanga Sibugay]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 313.66 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 43, 233 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7006.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Siay sa 29 barangay.

* Bagongsilang
* Balagon
* Balingasan
* Balucanan
* Bataan (Dacanay)
* Batu
* Buyogan
* Camanga
* Coloran
* Kimos (Kima)
* Labasan
* Lagting
* Laih
* Logpond
* Magsaysay
* Mahayahay
* Maligaya
* Maniha
* Minsulao
* Mirangan
* Monching
* Paruk
* [[Poblacion]]
* Princesa Sumama
* Salinding
* San Isidro
* Sibuguey
* Siloh
* Villagracia

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga Sibugay]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q124780}}</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Roseller Lim, Zamboanga Sibugay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375176</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304969</id>
      <parentid>7263757</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:32:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7304969</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="925" sha1="l6i76fhc8i87y4ya4v1om6zyveid6di" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga sibugay roseller lim.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Roseller Lim''' usad na ikatlung klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga Sibugay|Zamboanga Sibugay]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 300.00 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 44, 735 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7002.        

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Roseller Lim sa 26 barangay.

* Ali Alsree
* Balansag
* Calula
* Casacon
* Don Perfecto
* Gango
* Katipunan
* Kulambugan
* Mabini
* Magsaysay
* Malubal
* New Antique
* New Sagay
* Palmera
* Pres. Roxas
* Remedios
* San Antonio
* San Fernandino
* San Jose
* Santo Rosario
* Siawang
* Silingan
* Surabay
* Taruc
* Tilasan
* Tupilac    
        

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga Sibugay]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q131954}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Payao, Zamboanga Sibugay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375179</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304984</id>
      <parentid>7263759</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:41:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7304984</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="960" sha1="kgqd2yf9ke205gn5tqqmgq5nifkzrxz" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga sibugay payao.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Payao''' usad na ikatlung klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga Sibugay|Zamboanga Sibugay]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 245.66 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 33, 156 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7008.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Payao sa 28 barangay.

* Balian
* Balogo
* Balungisan
* Binangonan
* Bulacan
* Bulawan
* Calape
* Dalama
* Fatima (Silal)
* Guiwan
* Katipunan
* Kima
* Kulasian
* Kulisap
* La Fortuna
* Labatan
* Mayabo (Santa Maria)
* Minundas (Santo. Niño)
* Mountain View (Puluan)
* Nanan
* [[Poblacion]] (Payao)
* San Isidro
* San Roque
* San Vicente (Binangonan)
* Silal
* Sumilong
* Talaptap
* Upper Sumilong

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga Sibugay]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q131941}}</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Olutanga, Zamboanga Sibugay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375183</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304986</id>
      <parentid>7263761</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:43:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7304986</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="817" sha1="r6m1nywmo914m0h3njsm3wgxgsju67g" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga sibugay olutanga.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Olutanga''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga Sibugay|Zamboanga Sibugay]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 113.30 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 34, 124 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7041.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Olutanga sa 19 barangay.

* Bateria
* Calais
* Esperanza
* Fama
* Galas
* Gandaan
* Kahayagan
* Looc Sapi
* Matim
* Noque
* Pulo Laum
* Pulo Mabao
* San Isidro
* San Jose
* Santa Maria
* Solar ([[Poblacion]])
* Tambanan
* Villacorte
* Villagonzalo

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga Sibugay]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q131926}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Malangas, Zamboanga Sibugay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375187</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304988</id>
      <parentid>7263765</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:47:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7304988</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="927" sha1="qgqyv6hysgwv2kz1at2zwv80rakyh5c" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga sibugay malangas.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Malangas''' usad na ikatlung klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga Sibugay|Zamboanga Sibugay]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 235.53 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 33, 194 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7038.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Malangas sa 25 barangay.

* Bacao
* Basakbawang
* [[Bamboo|Bontong]]
* [[Waterstone|Camanga]]
* Candiis
* [[Street|Catituan]]
* Dansulao
* Del Pilar
* Guilawa
* Kigay
* La Dicha
* Lipacan
* Logpond
* [[Peace|Malongon]]
* Molom
* Mabini
* Overland
* Palalian
* [[Agreed Framework|Payag]]
* [[Poblacion]]
* Rebocon
* San Vicente
* Sinusayan
* Tackling
* Tigabon

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga Sibugay]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q131906}}</text>
      <sha1>qgqyv6hysgwv2kz1at2zwv80rakyh5c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Mabuhay, Zamboanga Sibugay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375189</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304991</id>
      <parentid>7263767</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:50:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7304991</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="878" sha1="o2kjv56wnnaf0yz8wdp3j8kfz7f4njj" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga sibugay mabuhay.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Mabuhay''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga Sibugay|Zamboanga Sibugay]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 82.85 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 24, 296 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7010.        

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Mabuhay sa 18 barangay.

* Abunda
* Bagong Silang (Tumalog)
* Bangkaw-bangkaw
* Caliran (Turko)
* Catipan
* Kauswagan
* Ligaya
* Looc-Barlac
* Malinao (Sagasa)
* Pamansaan
* Pinalim (San Roque)
* [[Poblacion]] (Mabuhay)
* Punawan
* Santo Niño (Tobi-an)
* Sawa
* Sioton
* Taguisian
* Tandu-Comot (Katipunan)

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga Sibugay]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q131892}}</text>
      <sha1>o2kjv56wnnaf0yz8wdp3j8kfz7f4njj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Kabasalan, Zamboanga Sibugay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375192</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304998</id>
      <parentid>7263768</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:56:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7304998</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="989" sha1="1smoic5f3dyl92lep68l1ra879u6u4f" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga sibugay kabasalan.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Kabasalan''' usad na ikarwang klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga Sibugay|Zamboanga Sibugay]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 289.20 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 48, 366 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7005.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Kabasalan sa 29 barangay.

* Banker
* Buayan
* Cainglet
* Calapan
* Calubihan (F.L.Pena)
* Canacan (Bolo Battalion)
* Concepcion (Balungis)
* Diampak
* Dipala
* Gacbusan
* Goodyear
* Lacnapan
* Little Baguio
* Lumbayao
* Nazareth
* Palinta
* Peñaranda
* [[Poblacion]]
* Salipyasin (Riverside)
* Sanghanan
* Santa Cruz
* Sayao
* Shiolan
* Simbol
* Sininan
* Tamin
* Tampilisan
* Tigbangagan
* Timuay Danda (Mangahas)

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga Sibugay]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q131870}}</text>
      <sha1>1smoic5f3dyl92lep68l1ra879u6u4f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Ipil, Zamboanga Sibugay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375196</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305000</id>
      <parentid>7263770</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:58:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305000</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="917" sha1="e8wofmbjxcg2r8zqvgx4ohuqm6enhmz" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga sibugay ipil.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Ipil''' usad na primera klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga Sibugay|Zamboanga Sibugay]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 241.60 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 96, 363 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7001.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Ipil sa 28 barangay.

* Bacalan
* Bangkerohan
* Buluan
* Caparan
* Domandan
* Don Andres
* Doña Josefa
* Guituan
* Ipil Heights
* Labe
* Logan
* Tirso Babiera (Lower Ipil Heights)
* Lower Taway
* Lumbia
* Maasin
* Magdaup
* Makilas
* Pangi
* [[Poblacion]]
* Sanito
* Suclema
* Taway
* Tenan
* Tiayon
* Timalang
* Tomitom
* Upper Pangi
* Veteran's Village

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga Sibugay]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q131850}}</text>
      <sha1>e8wofmbjxcg2r8zqvgx4ohuqm6enhmz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Imelda, Zamboanga Sibugay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375199</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305002</id>
      <parentid>7263771</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:00:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305002</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="868" sha1="on7lp6wom6ea6or12b9hj7oqbddg03n" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga sibugay imelda.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Imelda''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga Sibugay|Zamboanga Sibugay]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 85.12 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 29, 652 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7007.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Imelda sa 19 barangay.

* Balugo
* Bolungisan
* Baluyan
* Cana-an
* Dumpoc
* Gandiangan
* Guintolan
* Israel (Balian Israel)
* Lower Baluran
* La Victoria
* Little Baguio
* Lumbog
* Lumpanac
* Mali Little Baguio
* Poblacion (Santa Fe)
* Pulawan (Mountain View)
* San Jose
* Santa Barbara
* Upper Baluran

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga Sibugay]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q131838}}</text>
      <sha1>on7lp6wom6ea6or12b9hj7oqbddg03n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Diplahan, Zamboanga Sibugay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375200</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305004</id>
      <parentid>7263773</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:02:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305004</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="830" sha1="hvl1qcl3h2etuzx1sz4qhadcwo53qqs" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga sibugay diplahan.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Diplahan''' usad na ikatlung klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga Sibugay|Zamboanga Sibugay]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 255.51 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 32, 423 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7039.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Diplahan sa 22 barangay.

* Balangao
* Butong
* Ditay
* Gaulan
* Goling
* Guinoman
* Kauswagan
* Lindang
* Lobing
* Luop
* Manangon
* Mejo
* Natan
* Paradise
* Pilar
* [[Poblacion]] (Diplahan)
* Sampoli A
* Sampoli B
* Santa Cruz
* Songcuya
* Tinongtongan
* Tuno

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga Sibugay]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q131816}}</text>
      <sha1>hvl1qcl3h2etuzx1sz4qhadcwo53qqs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Dumalinao, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375228</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305265</id>
      <parentid>7263847</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:35:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305265</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="980" sha1="1f1odpa1kn64f0rxtbcn955tdqb48wq" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur dumalinao.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Dumalinao''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 117.64 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 34,188 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7015.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Dumalinao sa 30 barangay.

* Anonang
* Bag-ong Misamis
* Bag-ong Silao
* Baga
* Baloboan
* Banta-ao
* Bibilik
* Calingayan
* Camalig
* Camanga
* Cuatro-cuatro
* Locuban
* Malasik
* Mama (San Juan)
* Matab-ang
* Mecolong
* Metokong
* Motosawa
* Pag-asa ([[Poblacion]])
* Paglaum ([[Poblacion]])
* Pantad
* Piniglibano
* Rebokon
* San Agustin
* Sebucao
* Sumadat
* Tikwas
* Tina
* Tubo-Pait
* Upper Dumalinao

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132104}}</text>
      <sha1>1f1odpa1kn64f0rxtbcn955tdqb48wq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305277</id>
      <parentid>7305265</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:41:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305277</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1071" sha1="fby8mha81z5h1hjzvrbxqm2fd9o4nle" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur dumalinao.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Dumalinao''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[Wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[Wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 117.64 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 34,188 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7015.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Dumalinao sa 30 barangay.

{| border=&quot;0&quot;
|-----
| valign=&quot;top&quot; |
* Anonang
* Bag-ong Misamis
* Bag-ong Silao
* Baga
* Baloboan
* Banta-ao
* Bibilik
* Calingayan
* Camalig
* Camanga
* Cuatro-cuatro
* Locuban
* Malasik
* Mama (San Juan)
* Matab-ang
| valign=&quot;top&quot; |
* Mecolong
* Metokong
* Motosawa
* Pag-asa ([[Wp/bto/Poblacion|Poblacion]])
* Paglaum ([[Wp/bto/Poblacion|Poblacion]])
* Pantad
* Piniglibano
* Rebokon
* San Agustin
* Sebucao
* Sumadat
* Tikwas
* Tina
* Tubo-Pait
* Upper Dumalinao
|}

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category:Wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132104}}</text>
      <sha1>fby8mha81z5h1hjzvrbxqm2fd9o4nle</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Dumingag, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375234</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305264</id>
      <parentid>7263846</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:29:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305264</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1148" sha1="go3z1tn6laqun8fbbrgxw6sm4n2ndck" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur dumingag.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Dumingag''' usad na ikarwang klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 297.75 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 48,495 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7028.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Dumingag sa 44 barangay.

* Bag-ong Valencia
* Bag-ong Kauswagan
* Bag-ong Silangan
* Bucayan
* Calumanggi
* Canibongan
* Caridad
* Danlugan
* Dapiwak
* Datu Totocan
* Dilud
* Ditulan
* Dulian
* Dulop
* Guintananan
* Guitran
* Gumpingan
* La Fortuna
* Labangon
* Libertad
* Licabang
* Lipawan
* Lower Landing
* Lower Timonan
* Macasing
* Mahayahay
* Manlabay
* Malagalad
* Maralag
* Marangan
* New Basak
* Saad
* Salvador
* San Juan
* San Pablo ([[Poblacion]])
* San Pedro ([[Poblacion]])
* San Vicente
* Senote
* Sinonok
* Sunop
* Tagun
* Tamurayan
* Upper Landing
* Upper Timonan

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132126}}</text>
      <sha1>go3z1tn6laqun8fbbrgxw6sm4n2ndck</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305278</id>
      <parentid>7305264</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:45:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Mga Barangay */</comment>
      <origin>7305278</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1256" sha1="ov4f4jx73ejz9w0vtqpfgm147mqpvfi" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur dumingag.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Dumingag''' usad na ikarwang klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 297.75 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 48,495 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7028.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Dumingag sa 44 barangay.

{| border=&quot;0&quot;
|-----
| valign=&quot;top&quot; |
* Bag-ong Valencia
* Bag-ong Kauswagan
* Bag-ong Silangan
* Bucayan
* Calumanggi
* Canibongan
* Caridad
* Danlugan
* Dapiwak
* Datu Totocan
* Dilud
* Ditulan
* Dulian
* Dulop
* Guintananan
* Guitran
| valign=&quot;top&quot; |
* Gumpingan
* La Fortuna
* Labangon
* Libertad
* Licabang
* Lipawan
* Lower Landing
* Lower Timonan
* Macasing
* Mahayahay
* Manlabay
* Malagalad
* Maralag
* Marangan
* New Basak
| valign=&quot;top&quot; |
* Saad
* Salvador
* San Juan
* San Pablo ([[Wp/bto/Poblacion|Poblacion]])
* San Pedro ([[Wp/bto/Poblacion|Poblacion]])
* San Vicente
* Senote
* Sinonok
* Sunop
* Tagun
* Tamurayan
* Upper Landing
* Upper Timonan
|}

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category:Wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132126}}</text>
      <sha1>ov4f4jx73ejz9w0vtqpfgm147mqpvfi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Guipos, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375239</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305247</id>
      <parentid>7263784</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:21:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305247</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="792" sha1="3uw8c29epny3pqs74z6d6bigai1220v" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur guipos.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Guipos''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 90.53 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 22, 173 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7042.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Guipos sa 17 barangay.

* Bagong Oroquieta
* Baguitan
* Balongating
* Canunan
* Dacsol
* Dagohoy
* Dalapang
* Datagan
* Guling
* Katipunan
* Lintum
* Litan
* Magting
* [[Poblacion]] (''Guipos'')
* Regla
* Sikatuna
* Singclot

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132141}}</text>
      <sha1>3uw8c29epny3pqs74z6d6bigai1220v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Josefina, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375241</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305244</id>
      <parentid>7263794</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:19:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305244</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="805" sha1="5sxzxur32a8ls7p5lmvy523o1ou5ems" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur josefina.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Josefina''' usad na ikalimang klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 56.35 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 11,190 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7027.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Josefina sa 14 barangay.

* Bogo Calabat
* Dawa (Diwa)
* Ebarle
* Gumahan ([[Poblacion]])
* Leonardo
* Litapan
* Lower Bagong Tudela
* Mansanas
* Moradji
* Nemeño
* Nopulan
* Sebukang
* Tagaytay Hill
* Upper Bagong Tudela ([[Poblacion]])

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132155}}</text>
      <sha1>5sxzxur32a8ls7p5lmvy523o1ou5ems</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Kumalarang, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375244</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305238</id>
      <parentid>7263842</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:16:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305238</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="805" sha1="m6w9ootfuu3cgqy416zytd9ibdlxv93" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur kumalarang.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Kumalarang''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 151.49 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 30,815 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7013.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Kumalarang sa 18 barangay.

* Bogayo
* Bolisong
* Boyugan East
* Boyugan West
* Bualan
* Diplo
* Gawil
* Gusom
* Kitaan Dagat
* Lantawan
* Limamawand
* Mahayahay
* Pangi
* Picanan
* [[Poblacion]]
* Salagmanok
* Secade
* Suminalum

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132161}}</text>
      <sha1>m6w9ootfuu3cgqy416zytd9ibdlxv93</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Labangan, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375249</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305235</id>
      <parentid>7263841</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:14:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305235</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="970" sha1="chg95y23s9ze1f84wog9kfaf4fq09do" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur labangan.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Labangan''' usad na ikatlung klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 157.90 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 45,343 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7017.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Labangan sa 25 barangay.

* Bagalupa
* Balimbingan (West Luya)
* Binayan
* Bokong
* Bulanit
* Cogonan
* Combo
* Dalapang
* Dimasangca
* Dipaya
* Lagalipan
* Langapod
* Lantian
* Lower Campo Islam ([[Poblacion]])
* Lower Pulacan
* Lower Sang-an
* New Labangan
* Noboran
* Old Labangan
* San Isidro
* Santa Cruz
* Tapodoc
* Tawagan Norte
* Upper Campo Islam ([[Poblacion]])
* Upper Pulacan
* Upper Sang-an

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132184}}</text>
      <sha1>chg95y23s9ze1f84wog9kfaf4fq09do</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Lakewood, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375252</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305233</id>
      <parentid>7263800</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:12:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305233</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="770" sha1="irlx60uqov1oe8fmn2w19olx49bdtta" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur lakewood.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Lakewood''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 201.30 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 23,599 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7014.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Lakewood sa 14 barangay.

* Bagong Kahayag
* Baking
* Biswangan
* Bululawan
* Dagum
* Gasa
* Gatub
* Lukuan
* Matalang
* [[Poblacion]] (Lakewood proper)
* Sapang Pinoles
* Sebuguey
* Tiwales
* Tubod

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132200}}</text>
      <sha1>irlx60uqov1oe8fmn2w19olx49bdtta</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Lapuyan, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375255</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305232</id>
      <parentid>7263838</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:10:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305232</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1157" sha1="jxudbmf86zz0ib32iwk2cbnzlf4b2ua" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur lapuyan.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Lapuyan''' usad na ikatlung klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 329.00 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 28,686 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7037.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Lapuyan sa 26 barangay.

* Bulawan
* Danganan
* Dansal
* [[Dumara, Zamboanga del Sur|Dumara]]
* Karpok
* Lenok Madalum
* Luanan
* Lubosan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/scd/Press-Release-3Q-2025-PSGC.pdf|title=Third Quarter 2025 PSGC Updates: Correction of the Names of Two Barangays|date=13 October 2025|website=Philippine Statistics Authority|access-date=22 October 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Mahalingeb
* Mandeg
* Maralag
* Maruing
* Molum
* Pampang
* Pantad
* Pingalay
* [[Poblacion]]
* Salambuyan
* San Jose
* Sayog
* Tabon
* Talabob
* Tiguha
* Tininghalang
* Tipasan
* Tugaya

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132215}}</text>
      <sha1>jxudbmf86zz0ib32iwk2cbnzlf4b2ua</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Mahayag, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375260</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305231</id>
      <parentid>7263837</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:08:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305231</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1012" sha1="h9hxv041gqg9bv8iisdlipo805bjv0k" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur mahayag.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Mahayag''' usad na ikatlung klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 194.90 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 48,695 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7026.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Mahayag sa 29 barangay.

* Bag-ong Balamban
* Bag-ong Dalaguete
* Boniao
* Daniel C. Mantos (Sicpao)
* Delusom
* Diwan
* Guripan
* Kaangayan
* Kabuhi
* Lourmah (Lower Mahayag)
* Lower Salug Daku
* Lower Santo Niño
* Malubo
* Manguiles
* Marabanan (Balanan)
* Panagaan
* Paraiso
* Pedagan
* Pugwan
* [[Poblacion]] (Upper Mahayag)
* San Isidro
* San Jose
* San Vicente
* Santa Cruz
* Tuboran
* Tulan
* Tumapic
* Upper Salug Daku
* Upper Santo Niño

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132230}}</text>
      <sha1>h9hxv041gqg9bv8iisdlipo805bjv0k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Margosatubig, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375262</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305229</id>
      <parentid>7263835</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:05:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305229</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="804" sha1="3uknwrz54u6qxb3hwofq0zbb666ljrv" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur margosatubig.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Margosatubig''' usad na ikatlung klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 111.69 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 36,025 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7035.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Margosatubig sa 17 barangay.

* Balintawak
* Bularong
* Digon
* Guinimanan
* Igat Island
* Josefina
* Kalian
* San Roque (Kolot)
* Limamawan
* Limbatong
* Lumbog
* Magahis
* [[Poblacion]]
* Sagua
* Talanusa
* Tiguian
* Tulapok

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132244}}</text>
      <sha1>3uknwrz54u6qxb3hwofq0zbb666ljrv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Midsalip, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375264</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305228</id>
      <parentid>7263834</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:03:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305228</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="958" sha1="3a0ymqywl0lw4nc0e6u3h5dp444g85s" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur midsalip.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Midsalip''' usad na primera klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 161.56 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 35, 643 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7021.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Midsalip sa 33 barangay.

* Bacahan
* Balonai
* Bibilop
* Buloron
* Cabaloran
* Canipay Norte
* Canipay Sur
* Cumarom
* Dakayakan
* Duelic
* Dumalinao
* Ecuan
* Golictop
* Guinabot
* Guitalos
* Guma
* Kahayagan
* Licuro-an
* Lumpunid
* Matalang
* New Katipunan
* New Unidos
* Palili
* Pawan
* Pili
* Pisompongan
* Piwan
* [[Poblacion]] A
* Poblacion B
* Sigapod
* Timbaboy
* Tulbong
* Tuluan

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132262}}</text>
      <sha1>3a0ymqywl0lw4nc0e6u3h5dp444g85s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Molave, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375269</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305226</id>
      <parentid>7263832</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:02:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305226</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="942" sha1="3jg75cpgoe6mdmr6e6vtwzof3ce06s6" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur molave.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Molave''' usad na primera klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 251.50 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 52, 540 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7023.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Molave sa 25 barangay.

* Alicia
* Ariosa
* Bagong Argao
* Bagong Gutlang
* Blancia
* Bogo Capalaran
* Culo
* Dalaon
* Dipolo
* Dontulan
* Gonosan
* Lower Dimalinao
* Pablo Bahinting Sr. (Lower Dimorok)
* Mabuhay
* Madasigon ([[Poblacion]])
* Makuguihon (Poblacion)
* Maloloy-on (Poblacion)
* Miligan
* Parasan
* Rizal
* Santo Rosario
* Silangit
* Simata
* Sudlon
* Upper Dimorok

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132271}}</text>
      <sha1>3jg75cpgoe6mdmr6e6vtwzof3ce06s6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Pitogo, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375271</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305225</id>
      <parentid>7263792</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:00:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305225</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="790" sha1="fxp1q95f5j8a0d5t3rgqnuh1qnnv6h0" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur pitogo.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Pitogo''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 95.94 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 28,375 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7033.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Pitogo sa 15 barangay.

* Balabawan
* Balong-balong
* Colojo
* Liasan
* Liguac
* Limbayan
* Lower Paniki-an
* Matin-ao
* Panubigan
* [[Poblacion]] (Pitogo)
* Punta Flecha
* Sugbay Dos
* Tongao
* Upper Paniki-an
* San Isidro

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132284}}</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Ramon Magsaysay, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375275</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305224</id>
      <parentid>7263827</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:59:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305224</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="964" sha1="1e5u26xu2rbx2r0f6a8esq5v9944vhv" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur ramon magsaysay.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Ramon Magsaysay''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 113.70 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 28,419 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7024.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Ramon Magsaysay sa 27 barangay.

* Bag-ong Opon
* Bambong Daku
* Bambong Diut
* Bobongan
* Campo IV
* Campo V
* Caniangan
* Dipalusan
* Eastern Bobongan
* Esperanza
* Gapasan
* Katipunan
* Kauswagan
* Lower Sambulawan
* Mabini
* Magsaysay
* Malating
* Paradise
* Pasingkalan
* [[Poblacion]]
* San Fernando
* Santo Rosario
* Sapa Anding
* Sinaguing
* Switch
* Upper Laperian
* Wakat

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132301}}</text>
      <sha1>1e5u26xu2rbx2r0f6a8esq5v9944vhv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/San Miguel, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375279</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305223</id>
      <parentid>7263824</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:57:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305223</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="791" sha1="jn2ksurdp2d5ygftueaism6e8jo4oar" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur san miguel.png|270px|right]]      
A '''San Miguel''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 181.59 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 20,037 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7029.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a San Miguel sa 18 barangay.

* Betinan
* Bulawan
* Calube
* Concepcion
* Dao-an
* Dumalian
* Fatima
* Langilan
* Lantawan
* Laperian
* Libuganan
* Limonan
* Mati
* Ocapan
* [[Poblacion]]
* San Isidro
* Sayog
* Tapian

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132317}}</text>
      <sha1>jn2ksurdp2d5ygftueaism6e8jo4oar</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/San Pablo, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375282</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305222</id>
      <parentid>7263820</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:53:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305222</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="927" sha1="0uwd5m5bg3mder2chtrfpokfbgco5mj" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur san pablo.png|270px|right]]      
A '''San Pablo''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 149.90 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 26,166 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7031.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a San Pablo sa 28 barangay.

* Bag-ong Misamis
* Bubual
* Buton
* Culasian
* Daplayan
* Kalilangan
* Kapamanok
* Kondum
* Lumbayao
* Mabuhay
* Marcos Village
* Miasin
* Molansong
* Pantad
* Pao
* Payag
* [[Poblacion]] (San Pablo)
* Pongapong
* Sacbulan
* Sagasan
* San Juan
* Senior
* Songgoy
* Tandubuay
* Taniapan
* Ticala Island
* Tubo-pait
* Villakapa

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132337}}</text>
      <sha1>0uwd5m5bg3mder2chtrfpokfbgco5mj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Sominot, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375286</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305221</id>
      <parentid>7263789</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:49:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305221</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="815" sha1="dp57dpckryiewha3dpln56qiul1zggq" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur sominot.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Sominot''' usad na ikalimang klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 111.52 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 17,247 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7022.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Sominot sa 18 barangay.

* Bag-ong Baroy
* New Oroquieta
* Barubuhan
* Bulanay
* Datagan
* Eastern Poblacion
* Lantawan
* Libertad
* Lumangoy
* New Carmen
* Picturan
* [[Poblacion]]
* Rizal
* San Miguel
* Santo Niño
* Sawa
* Tungawan
* Upper Sicpao

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132353}}</text>
      <sha1>dp57dpckryiewha3dpln56qiul1zggq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Tabina, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375289</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305220</id>
      <parentid>7263816</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:47:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305220</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="774" sha1="edj14ldryxka11lhy2rswym9vfoe3dr" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur tabina.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Tabina''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 86.90 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 24,591 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7034.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Tabina sa 16 barangay.

* Abong-abong
* Baganian
* Baya-baya
* Capisan
* Concepcion
* Culabay
* Doña Josefina
* Lumbia
* Mabuhay
* Malim
* Manicaan
* New Oroquieta
* [[Poblacion]]
* San Francisco
* Tultolan

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132371}}</text>
      <sha1>edj14ldryxka11lhy2rswym9vfoe3dr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Tambulig, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375298</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305219</id>
      <parentid>7263812</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:46:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305219</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1069" sha1="27yi5s6f0sdsdd1tdjcnaexu49yfylr" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur tambulig.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Tambulig''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 130.65 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 37,400 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7025.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Tambulig sa 31 barangay.

* Alang-alang
* Angeles
* Bag-ong Kauswagan
* Bag-ong Tabogon
* Balugo
* Cabgan
* Calolot
* Dimalinao
* Fabian (Balucot)
* Gabunon
* Happy Valley ([[Poblacion]])
* Kapalaran
* Libato
* Limamaan
* Lower Liasan
* Lower Lodiong ([[Poblacion]])
* Lower Tiparak
* Lower Usogan
* Maya-maya
* New Village ([[Poblacion]])
* Pelocuban
* Riverside ([[Poblacion]])
* Sagrada Familia
* San Jose
* San Vicente
* Sumalig
* Tuluan
* Tungawan
* Upper Liaison
* Upper Lodiong
* Upper Tiparak

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132391}}</text>
      <sha1>27yi5s6f0sdsdd1tdjcnaexu49yfylr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Tigbao, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375300</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305218</id>
      <parentid>7263781</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:43:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305218</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="786" sha1="l8aqp723hlbpi91wq22nvuysd59pchw" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur tigbao.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Tigbao''' usad na ikalimang klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 120.69 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 19, 716 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7043.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Tigbao sa 18 barangay.

* Begong
* Busol
* Caluma
* Diana Countryside
* Guinlin
* Lacarayan
* Lacupayan
* Libayoy
* Limas
* Longmot
* Maragang
* Mati
* Nangan-nangan
* New Tuburan
* Nilo
* Tigbao
* Timolan
* Upper Nilo

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132403}}</text>
      <sha1>l8aqp723hlbpi91wq22nvuysd59pchw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Tukuran, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375302</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305217</id>
      <parentid>7263806</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:41:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305217</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="934" sha1="dey1hii8m7pf4kvzrqcnwfeosgajzbp" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur tukuran.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Tukuran''' usad na ikaupat na klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 144.91 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa unang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 42,683 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7019.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Tukuran sa 25 barangay.

* Alindahaw
* Baclay
* Balimbingan
* Buenasuerte
* Camanga
* Curvada
* Laperian
* Libertad
* Lower Bayao
* Luy-a
* Manilan
* Manlayag
* Militar
* Navalan
* Panduma Senior (formerly Lambayong)
* Sambulawan
* San Antonio
* San Carlos ([[Poblacion]])
* Santo Niño (Poblacion)
* Santo Rosario
* Sugod
* Tabuan
* Tagulo
* Tinotungan
* Upper Bayao

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132417}}</text>
      <sha1>dey1hii8m7pf4kvzrqcnwfeosgajzbp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bto/Vincenzo A. Sagun, Zamboanga del Sur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1375306</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305216</id>
      <parentid>7263786</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:39:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kxsteynn</username>
        <id>2693215</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#WPWP #WPWPPH</comment>
      <origin>7305216</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="779" sha1="fazkdfkbhg4igv0ecbx0sopgln1n2gk" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ph locator zamboanga del sur vincenzo a. sagun.png|270px|right]]      
A '''Vincenzo A. Sagun''' usad na ikalimang klaseng banwaan na namumutang sa probinsya kan [[wp/bto/Zamboanga del Sur|Zamboanga del Sur]], [[wp/bto/Filipinas|Filipinas]]. &lt;br&gt;
Agku din karagaan nin 63.00 kilometro kwadrado saka namumutang sa ikarwang distrito. Sosog sa sensus ku 2024, agku 22,619 katawo na nag-eeruk sini.  
Ana designadong zip code kadi amo 7036.    

== Mga Barangay ==
Nababanga a Vincenzo A. Sagun sa 14 barangay.

* Ambulon
* Biu-os
* Cogon
* Danan
* Kabatan ([[Poblacion]])
* Kapatagan
* Limason
* Linoguayan
* Lumbal
* Lunib
* Maculay
* Maraya
* Sagucan
* Walingwaling

[[Category: wp/bto]]        
[[Category: wp/bto/Mga banwaan kan Zamboanga del Sur]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q132432}}</text>
      <sha1>fazkdfkbhg4igv0ecbx0sopgln1n2gk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Himarxuky</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>1403416</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305212</id>
      <parentid>2163219</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:24:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-48120-73</username>
        <id>2703398</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Himar */ new section</comment>
      <origin>7305212</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1419" sha1="72930nxi3k2u6k3kte6dsbt03ara144" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|lang-support=Language support
|float={{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|left|right}}
}}
{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;div class=&quot;rtl-text&quot;&gt;|}}
Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
{{#ifeq:|yes|If you haven't already, please consider creating yourself an account to be able to do more.  It's free.&lt;br&gt;}}
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]].

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;/div&gt;|}}&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:25, 23 July 2014 (UTC)

== Himar ==

PENDEJO [[Special:Contributions/~2026-48120-73|~2026-48120-73]] ([[User talk:~2026-48120-73|talk]]) 06:24, 5 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>72930nxi3k2u6k3kte6dsbt03ara144</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305213</id>
      <parentid>7305212</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:25:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-48120-73</username>
        <id>2703398</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Himar */ new section</comment>
      <origin>7305213</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1584" sha1="g7i010h54pcqy1mcv46mmb1tfpyyiq9" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|lang-support=Language support
|float={{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|left|right}}
}}
{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;div class=&quot;rtl-text&quot;&gt;|}}
Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
{{#ifeq:|yes|If you haven't already, please consider creating yourself an account to be able to do more.  It's free.&lt;br&gt;}}
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]].

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;/div&gt;|}}&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:25, 23 July 2014 (UTC)

== Himar ==

PENDEJO [[Special:Contributions/~2026-48120-73|~2026-48120-73]] ([[User talk:~2026-48120-73|talk]]) 06:24, 5 September 2026 (UTC)

== Himar ==

Linux es un Kernel estúpido [[Special:Contributions/~2026-48120-73|~2026-48120-73]] ([[User talk:~2026-48120-73|talk]]) 06:25, 5 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>g7i010h54pcqy1mcv46mmb1tfpyyiq9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305214</id>
      <parentid>7305213</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:26:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-48120-73</username>
        <id>2703398</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Himar */ new section</comment>
      <origin>7305214</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1767" sha1="s7imv6419rjjzxf6j4dsz2vthur2m1e" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|lang-support=Language support
|float={{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|left|right}}
}}
{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;div class=&quot;rtl-text&quot;&gt;|}}
Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
{{#ifeq:|yes|If you haven't already, please consider creating yourself an account to be able to do more.  It's free.&lt;br&gt;}}
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]].

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;/div&gt;|}}&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:25, 23 July 2014 (UTC)

== Himar ==

PENDEJO [[Special:Contributions/~2026-48120-73|~2026-48120-73]] ([[User talk:~2026-48120-73|talk]]) 06:24, 5 September 2026 (UTC)

== Himar ==

Linux es un Kernel estúpido [[Special:Contributions/~2026-48120-73|~2026-48120-73]] ([[User talk:~2026-48120-73|talk]]) 06:25, 5 September 2026 (UTC)

== Himar ==

En X bien que te sabes el lore de TORBE PAJERO [[Special:Contributions/~2026-48120-73|~2026-48120-73]] ([[User talk:~2026-48120-73|talk]]) 06:26, 5 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>s7imv6419rjjzxf6j4dsz2vthur2m1e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wq/pa/ਅਫ਼ਗਾਨ ਕਹਾਵਤਾਂ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1705455</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304920</id>
      <parentid>3936158</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:49:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304920</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="960" sha1="3otlqfd3isfrkhijrdrk382wcps6izm" xml:space="preserve">==ਪਸ਼ਤੋ ਕਹਾਵਤਾਂ==
* &lt;big&gt;ਵਰਕ ਸ਼ੀ ਕੰਬਲੀ ਚੀ ਨੇਦ ਬਾਦਏ ਨੇਦ ਬਾਰਾਨ&lt;/big&gt; (ورک شې کمبلې چې نه د باد ئې نه د باران)। ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਅਨੁਵਾਦ: ਲਾਨਤ ਐਸੀ ਕੰਬਲੀ ਜੋ ਨਾ ਹਵਾ ਰੋਕੇ ਨਾ ਮੀਂਹ (ਨਿਕੰਮੇ ਦੋਸਤਾਂ ਵੱਲ ਸੰਕੇਤ ਹੈ)

==ਦ==
* دو تربوز به یک دست گرفته نمی‏شود
** ਦੋ ਤਰਬੂਜ਼ ਬਾ ਯੱਕ ਦਸਤ ਗਰਿਫ਼ਤ ਨਾਸ਼ਵਦ
** ਇੱਕ ਹੱਥ ਵਿੱਚ ਦੋ ਤਰਬੂਜ਼ ਨਹੀਂ ਆਉਂਦੇ
** ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਸਮਰੂਪ: ਦੋਵੇਂ ਘਰਾਂ ਦਾ ਪਰਹੁਣਾ, ਭੁੱਖਾ ਹੀ ਮਰਦਾ

[[Category:Wq/pa]]
[[Category:Wq/pa/ਦੁਨੀਆ ਦੀਆਂ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਕਹਾਵਤਾਂ/ਅਫ਼ਗਾਨ]]</text>
      <sha1>3otlqfd3isfrkhijrdrk382wcps6izm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304927</id>
      <parentid>7304920</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:56:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304927</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="954" sha1="b5tn6azihfnuuu8zlrd4cxmsecfbcqd" xml:space="preserve">==ਪਸ਼ਤੋ ਕਹਾਵਤਾਂ==
* &lt;big&gt;ਵਰਕ ਸ਼ੀ ਕੰਬਲੀ ਚੀ ਨੇਦ ਬਾਦਏ ਨੇਦ ਬਾਰਾਨ&lt;/big&gt; (ورک شې کمبلې چې نه د باد ئې نه د باران)। ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਅਨੁਵਾਦ: ਲਾਨਤ ਐਸੀ ਕੰਬਲੀ ਜੋ ਨਾ ਹਵਾ ਰੋਕੇ ਨਾ ਮੀਂਹ (ਨਿਕੰਮੇ ਦੋਸਤਾਂ ਵੱਲ ਸੰਕੇਤ ਹੈ)

==ਦ==
* دو تربوز به یک دست گرفته نمی‏شود
** ਦੋ ਤਰਬੂਜ਼ ਬਾ ਯੱਕ ਦਸਤ ਗਰਿਫ਼ਤ ਨਾਸ਼ਵਦ
** ਇੱਕ ਹੱਥ ਵਿੱਚ ਦੋ ਤਰਬੂਜ਼ ਨਹੀਂ ਆਉਂਦੇ
** ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਸਮਰੂਪ: ਦੋਵੇਂ ਘਰਾਂ ਦਾ ਪਰਹੁਣਾ, ਭੁੱਖਾ ਹੀ ਮਰਦਾ

[[Category:Wq/pa]]
[[Category:ਦੁਨੀਆ ਦੀਆਂ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਕਹਾਵਤਾਂ/ਅਫ਼ਗਾਨ]]</text>
      <sha1>b5tn6azihfnuuu8zlrd4cxmsecfbcqd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:CH071</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>2267994</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305339</id>
      <parentid>4740520</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:09:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>기나ㅏㄴ</username>
        <id>2576290</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>기나ㅏㄴ moved page [[User talk:Christian Rosas]] to [[User talk:CH071]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Christian Rosas|Christian Rosas]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/CH071|CH071]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>3175501</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1274" sha1="n11q7p67n0ae8bcgst9b570tsz5wboa" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|lang-support=Language support
|float={{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|left|right}}
}}
{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;div class=&quot;rtl-text&quot;&gt;|}}
Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
{{#ifeq:|yes|If you haven't already, please consider creating yourself an account to be able to do more.  It's free.&lt;br&gt;}}
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]].

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;/div&gt;|}}&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 20:05, 2 July 2015 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>n11q7p67n0ae8bcgst9b570tsz5wboa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wq/pa/ਅਰਬੀ ਅਖਾਣ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2522806</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304926</id>
      <parentid>3968475</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:55:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304926</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="837" sha1="pr1aunshxiynblamcv2dutwji64zlzk" xml:space="preserve">'''ਅਰਬੀ ਅਖਾਣ''' ਅਰਬੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਦੀਆਂ ਕਹਾਵਤਾਂ ਹਨ।

==ਅਖਾਣ==
* أباد الله خضراءهم ابذل لصديقك دمك ومالك

ਲਿਪਾਂਤਰਨ: ਆਬਾਦ ਅੱਲਾਹ ਖਿਦਰ ਆਈਹਮ ਅਬਜ਼ਲ ਲਸਦੀਕ਼ਫ਼ ਦਮਕ ਵਮਾਲਕ

ਅਨੁਵਾਦ : ਆਪਣੇ ਦੋਸਤਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਪੈਸੇ ਤੇ ਖ਼ੂਨ ਦੇਵੋ। ਕਦੇ ਸਫ਼ਾਈ ਨਾ ਦੇਵੋ। ਦੁਸ਼ਮਨਾਂ ਨੇ ਤੁਹਾਡਾ ਯਕੀਨ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰਨਾ ਤੇ ਦੋਸਤਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਉਸਦੀ ਜ਼ਰੂਰਤ ਨਹੀਂ।

[[Category:Wq/pa]]
[[Category:Wq/pa/ਦੁਨੀਆ ਦੀਆਂ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਕਹਾਵਤਾਂ/ਅਰਬੀ]]</text>
      <sha1>pr1aunshxiynblamcv2dutwji64zlzk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wq/pa/3 ਈਡੀਅਟਸ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2875958</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304902</id>
      <parentid>3968470</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:38:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>ਅੰਤਰ-ਵਿਕੀ ਕੜੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ [[d:Q229633]] ਵਿੱਚ ਜੋੜਨਾ</comment>
      <origin>7304902</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="669" sha1="p4zdwv9n2a3fkxcjpl2ccp1r32jpjoi" xml:space="preserve">'''3 ਈਡੀਅਟਸ''' ਇੱਕ ਬਾਲੀਵੁੱਡ ਫ਼ਿਲਮ ਹੈ।

==ਰੈਂਚੋ - ਆਮਿਰ ਖ਼ਾਨ==
* ਆਲ ਇਜ਼ ਵੈੱਲ
** ਬੇਟਾ ਕਾਬਿਲ ਬਨੋ ਕਾਬਿਲ, ਕਾਮਯਾਬੀ ਤੋਂ ਸਾਲੀ ਝੱਕ ਮਾਰ ਕੇ ਤੁਮਹਾਰੇ ਪੀਛੇ ਆ ਜਾਏਗੀ..

==ਵਾਇਰਸ - ਬੋਮਨ ਈਰਾਨੀ==
* Everything is fair in Love and War, and this is World War... 3!
** ਪਿਆਰ ਅਤੇ ਯੁੱਧ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਭ ਜਾਇਜ਼ ਹੈ, ਅਤੇ ਇਹ ਵਿਸ਼ਵ ਯੁੱਧ ਹੈ.. ਤੀਜਾ!

[[Category:Wq/pa]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q229633}}</text>
      <sha1>p4zdwv9n2a3fkxcjpl2ccp1r32jpjoi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/azb/ایر</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2879319</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305204</id>
      <parentid>4134710</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:21:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shams948</username>
        <id>77520</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wt/azb/ایر دییشدیریلیر</comment>
      <origin>7305204</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1135" sha1="k1cay55wo953vj5dhie2l1au89ayupy" xml:space="preserve">==ایر==

{{Wt/azb/آنلام‌لار}}
# {{Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک}}دیوان لغات الترک: اِر← اوتانما بیلدیرن بیر سؤزدور. اَر اِر بُلدی← ار ایر بولدی← کیشی اوتاندی.
#اَیِر، [[Wt/azb/باهار دیله|باهار دیلی]] اَگن، بیر کَس که باشارا بیر شئِ اَگهَ.‌ [[Wt/azb/اگر|اَگَر]].
{{Wt/azb/یازیلیش‌لار}}
* لاتینجه : İr
* اینگیلیزجه: [[Wt/azb/bending|bending]]
* تورکییه : اَیِر
* عربجه :
* فارسجا: خَم‌کُن. تکواژِ که شرمساری معنا دهد.
* باهار دیلی: اَگَر
{{Wt/azb/کؤکن}}
* اسکی تورکجه
{{Wt/azb/قایناق‌لار}}
# ''دیوان لغات الترک.رامیز عسگر.باکو 2006''
# ''دکتر حسین محمدزاده صدیق(دوزگون) 1383'' 
[[Category:Wt/azb]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/بوتون سؤزجوکلر]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/تورکجه سؤزجوک]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/اسکی تورکجه]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک]]
[[En:bending]]</text>
      <sha1>k1cay55wo953vj5dhie2l1au89ayupy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/azb/ایرره</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2879486</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305210</id>
      <parentid>4049495</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:15:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shams948</username>
        <id>77520</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wt/azb/ایرره دییشدیریلیر</comment>
      <origin>7305210</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1164" sha1="b2uaxcoxoqsojk3286c80nt216zfnjh" xml:space="preserve">==ایرره==

{{Wt/azb/آنلام‌لار}}
# {{Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک}}  دیوان لغات الترک:اِرَّ:ایرره.اوتانما(مشدد و مخفف ده اولابیلر).
#اِیِررِه← [[Wt/azb/باهار دیله|باهار دیلی]]، قدیم← اِیرماق، عَلِنَن ئیپ‌لیک دوزاشدِرماق← [[Wt/azb/ایرک|ایرک]].
[[File:DSCF0487 (4239228646).jpg|thumb|200px|left|اِیرِره [[Wt/azb/ایرک|ایرک]]]]
{{Wt/azb/یازیلیش‌لار}}
* لاتینجه : İrrə
* اینگیلیزجه: [[Wt/azb/spinning|spinning]]
* تورکییه : ایرره
* عربجه :
* فارسجا: می‌ریسه
* باهار دیلی: اَگِرِرِه
{{Wt/azb/کؤکن}}
* اسکی تورکجه
{{Wt/azb/قایناق‌لار}}
# ''دیوان لغات الترک.رامیز عسگر.باکو 2006''
# ''دکتر حسین محمدزاده صدیق(دوزگون) 1383'' 
[[Category:Wt/azb]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/بوتون سؤزجوکلر]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/تورکجه سؤزجوک]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/اسکی تورکجه]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک]]
[[En:spinning]]</text>
      <sha1>b2uaxcoxoqsojk3286c80nt216zfnjh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/azb/ایرک</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2879660</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305173</id>
      <parentid>4049480</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T04:28:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shams948</username>
        <id>77520</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wt/azb/ایرک دییشدیریلیر</comment>
      <origin>7305173</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1116" sha1="qoh2pke5w0azb0a6dzv40qjmla7jckf" xml:space="preserve">==ایرک==

{{Wt/azb/آنلام‌لار}}
# {{Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک}}دیوان لغات الترک: اِرک← دؤرد یاشار [[Wt/azb/قویون|قویون]] (دؤرد یاشلی قویون).
#اِیْرَک← [[Wt/azb/باهار دیله|باهار دیلی]]، قدیم← اِیرماق، عَلِنَن ئیپ‌لیک دوزاشدِرماق.
[[File:Relief spinner Louvre Sb2834.jpg|thumb|245px|left|اِیرِر]]
{{Wt/azb/یازیلیش‌لار}}
* لاتینجه : irk
* اینگیلیزجه: [[Wt/azb/spinning|spinning]]
* تورکییه : اِیِرِر
* عربجه :
* فارسجا: نخ‌ریسی
*باهار دیلی: اَگِرِر
{{Wt/azb/کؤکن}}
* اسکی تورکجه
{{Wt/azb/قایناق‌لار}}
# ''دیوان لغات الترک.رامیز عسگر.باکو 2006''
# ''دکتر حسین محمدزاده صدیق(دوزگون) 1383'' 
[[Category:Wt/azb]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/بوتون سؤزجوکلر]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/تورکجه سؤزجوک]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/اسکی تورکجه]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک]]
[[En:spinning]]</text>
      <sha1>qoh2pke5w0azb0a6dzv40qjmla7jckf</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305174</id>
      <parentid>7305173</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T04:30:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shams948</username>
        <id>77520</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Wt/azb/ایرک دییشدیریلیر</comment>
      <origin>7305174</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1156" sha1="lhh4dbwsk02txt9pmqev1g6gvu9hu2s" xml:space="preserve">==ایرک==

{{Wt/azb/آنلام‌لار}}
# {{Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک}}دیوان لغات الترک: اِرک← دؤرد یاشار [[Wt/azb/قویون|قویون]] (دؤرد یاشلی قویون).
#اِیْرَک← [[Wt/azb/باهار دیله|باهار دیلی]]، قدیم← اِیرماق، عَلِنَن ئیپ‌لیک دوزاشدِرماق.
[[File:Relief spinner Louvre Sb2834.jpg|thumb|245px|left|اِیرِر]]
{{Wt/azb/یازیلیش‌لار}}
* لاتینجه : irk
* اینگیلیزجه: [[Wt/azb/spinning|spinning]]
* تورکییه : اِیِرِر
* عربجه :
* فارسجا: نخ‌ریسی
*باهار دیلی: اَگِرِر
{{Wt/azb/کؤکن}}
* اسکی تورکجه
{{Wt/azb/قایناق‌لار}}
# ''دیوان لغات الترک.رامیز عسگر.باکو 2006''
# ''دکتر حسین محمدزاده صدیق(دوزگون) 1383'' 
[[Category:Wt/azb]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/بوتون سؤزجوکلر]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/تورکجه سؤزجوک]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/اسکی تورکجه]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/باهار دیله]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک]]
[[En:spinning]]</text>
      <sha1>lhh4dbwsk02txt9pmqev1g6gvu9hu2s</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305211</id>
      <parentid>7305174</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:17:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shams948</username>
        <id>77520</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Wt/azb/ایرک دییشدیریلیر</comment>
      <origin>7305211</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1191" sha1="no5kkmnfee8exbwl050mgwxaf6snl7t" xml:space="preserve">==ایرک==

{{Wt/azb/آنلام‌لار}}
# {{Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک}}دیوان لغات الترک: اِرک← دؤرد یاشار [[Wt/azb/قویون|قویون]] (دؤرد یاشلی قویون).
#اِیْرَک← [[Wt/azb/باهار دیله|باهار دیلی]]، قدیم← اِیرماق، عَلِنَن ئیپ‌لیک دوزاشدِرماق← [[Wt/azb/ایرره|ایرره]]
[[File:Relief spinner Louvre Sb2834.jpg|thumb|245px|left|اِیرِر]]
{{Wt/azb/یازیلیش‌لار}}
* لاتینجه : irk
* اینگیلیزجه: [[Wt/azb/spinning|spinning]]
* تورکییه : اِیِرِر
* عربجه :
* فارسجا: نخ‌ریسی
*باهار دیلی: اَگِرِر
{{Wt/azb/کؤکن}}
* اسکی تورکجه
{{Wt/azb/قایناق‌لار}}
# ''دیوان لغات الترک.رامیز عسگر.باکو 2006''
# ''دکتر حسین محمدزاده صدیق(دوزگون) 1383'' 
[[Category:Wt/azb]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/بوتون سؤزجوکلر]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/تورکجه سؤزجوک]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/اسکی تورکجه]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/باهار دیله]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک]]
[[En:spinning]]</text>
      <sha1>no5kkmnfee8exbwl050mgwxaf6snl7t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/azb/ایرتلدی</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2904940</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305209</id>
      <parentid>4049497</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:56:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shams948</username>
        <id>77520</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wt/azb/ایرتلدی دییشدیریلیر</comment>
      <origin>7305209</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1058" sha1="6t1kj78ub3qzb4oubg3v6gy02mxo4l7" xml:space="preserve">== ایرتلدی ==

{{Wt/azb/آنلام‌لار}}
# {{Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک}}دیوان لغات الترک: اَیٰرَتْلَدِی ← [[Wt/azb/باهار دیله|باهار دیلی]]  یئنی خَراب اِلَدِی.
#اَیٰرَتْلَدِی← یئنی کَج اَیلَدِی، خَم اَیلَدِی، بوردِو. ایرتلدی گوجووار.
{{Wt/azb/یازیلیش‌لار}}
* لاتینجه : irtəldi
* اینگیلیزجه: [[Wt/azb/ruined|ruined]]
* تورکییه : ایرتلدی
* عربجه :
* فارسجا: خرابکاری
* بهار دیلی: اَیرت، لَدی
{{Wt/azb/کؤکن}}
* اسکی تورکجه
{{Wt/azb/قایناق‌لار}}
# ''دیوان لغات الترک.رامیز عسگر.باکو'' 2006
# ''دکتر حسین محمدزاده صدیق(دوزگون) 1383''
[[Category:Wt/azb]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/بوتون سؤزجوکلر]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/تورکجه سؤزجوک]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/اسکی تورکجه]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک]]
[[En:ruined]]</text>
      <sha1>6t1kj78ub3qzb4oubg3v6gy02mxo4l7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/azb/ایرتش</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2904941</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305205</id>
      <parentid>4049498</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:31:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shams948</username>
        <id>77520</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wt/azb/ایرتش دییشدیریلیر</comment>
      <origin>7305205</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1048" sha1="el2riv9kh45pc5s378jlri6pj92vrf4" xml:space="preserve">== ایرتش ==

{{Wt/azb/آنلام‌لار}}
# {{Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک}}دیوان لغات الترک: اَیْرَتِش (اَیْرَتِیش) [[Wt/azb/بهار دیلی|بهار دیلی]] یئنی بیر اِیش موحکم دوزالمیا، اَلَکی دوزآلماق. 
#:کیم بؤنِه غَیرِد؟ چؤخ اَیرَتِیش گؤرؤد.
{{Wt/azb/یازیلیش‌لار}}
* لاتینجه : irtəş
* اینگیلیزجه: [[Wt/azb/spurious|spurious]]
* تورکییه : ایرتیش
* عربجه :
* فارسجا: اَلَکی
* باهار دیلی: اَیرَت اِیش
{{Wt/azb/کؤکن}}
* اسکی تورکجه
{{Wt/azb/قایناق‌لار}}
# ''دیوان لغات الترک.رامیز عسگر.باکو'' 2006
# ''دکتر حسین محمدزاده صدیق(دوزگون) 1383''
[[Category:Wt/azb]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/بوتون سؤزجوکلر]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/تورکجه سؤزجوک]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/اسکی تورکجه]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک]]
[[En:spurious]]</text>
      <sha1>el2riv9kh45pc5s378jlri6pj92vrf4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/azb/ایرتشتیلر</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2904942</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305206</id>
      <parentid>4049499</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:43:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shams948</username>
        <id>77520</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wt/azb/ایرتشتیلر دییشدیریلیر</comment>
      <origin>7305206</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1062" sha1="qfw657ycix5cl1n8r0bpgb3lm4fyhtn" xml:space="preserve">==ایرتشتیلر  ==

{{Wt/azb/آنلام‌لار}}
# {{Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک}}دیوان لغات الترک: اَیْرَتیشْتِیلَر← [[Wt/azb/باهار دیله|باهار دیلی]] خراب اِیش دِلع. بی‌اعتبار [[Wt/azb/ایش|اِیش]] دِیلع.
#: بؤ اوستالَر ایرتشتیلَر.
{{Wt/azb/یازیلیش‌لار}}
* لاتینجه : irtəştilər
* اینگیلیزجه: [[Wt/azb/good job|good job]]
* تورکییه : ایرتشتیلر
* عربجه :
* فارسجا: خراب کارند
* باهار دیلی: اَیرَت، اِیش، دِلهَ
{{Wt/azb/کؤکن}}
* اسکی تورکجه
{{Wt/azb/قایناق‌لار}}
# ''دیوان لغات الترک.رامیز عسگر.باکو'' 2006
# ''دکتر حسین محمدزاده صدیق(دوزگون) 1383''
[[Category:Wt/azb]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/بوتون سؤزجوکلر]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/تورکجه سؤزجوک]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/اسکی تورکجه]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک]]
[[En:good job]]</text>
      <sha1>qfw657ycix5cl1n8r0bpgb3lm4fyhtn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/azb/ایز</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2904984</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305282</id>
      <parentid>4049549</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:55:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shams948</username>
        <id>77520</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wt/azb/ایز دییشدیریلیر</comment>
      <origin>7305282</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1210" sha1="ld933wsyimy533iao13b08v93avjlxf" xml:space="preserve">==ایز  ==

{{Wt/azb/آنلام‌لار}}
# {{Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک}}دیوان لغات الترک: اِیز بیر قدیم سؤزجوک، [[Wt/azb/باهار دیله|باهار دیلی]] یئردَع قالمیش اینسان یا حئیوان ایاقنین ایزه.
#:بؤ ایسم فارسجا «ایز» عربجه «ایذ» یا «ایظ» اینگیلزجه «is» یازیلیر.
[[File:Healthy feet.JPG|thumb|245px|left|آدام اِیزه]]
{{Wt/azb/یازیلیش‌لار}}
* لاتینجه : iz
* اینگیلیزجه: [[Wt/azb/footprint|footprint]]
* تورکییه : ایز
* عربجه : 
* فارسجا: ردِ پا
* باهار دیلی: اِیز
{{Wt/azb/کؤکن}}
* اسکی تورکجه
{{Wt/azb/قایناق‌لار}}
# ''دیوان لغات الترک.رامیز عسگر.باکو'' 2006
# ''دکتر حسین محمدزاده صدیق(دوزگون) 1383''
[[Category:Wt/azb]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/بوتون سؤزجوکلر]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/تورکجه سؤزجوک]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/اسکی تورکجه]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/باهار دیله]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/هارسی دیله]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/دیوان لغات الترک]]
[[En:footprint]]</text>
      <sha1>ld933wsyimy533iao13b08v93avjlxf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/ryu/Resources for learning Uchinaaguchi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2912545</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305401</id>
      <parentid>6982489</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:22:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mr. Lechkar</username>
        <id>2557802</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305401</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1562" sha1="11pz26q6l7qmm8agr9g9d4vejl5nfnv" xml:space="preserve">
==Textbooks==

In Japanese:

* 船津好明（２０１０） 『沖縄口さびら沖縄語を話しましょう』
* 西岡敏、仲原穣、伊狩典子、中島由美 （２００６） 『沖縄語の入門―たのしいウチナーグチ』
* 比嘉光龍 （２０１５）『気持ちが伝わる! 沖縄語リアルフレーズBOOK』
* 吉屋松金（１９９９）『実践うちなあぐち教本』
* 比嘉清　『文でおぼえるうちなあぐち』

==Dictionaries==

* 国立国語研究所　（１９６３）『沖縄語辞典』
* Sakihara, Mitsugu, Stewart Curry, Leon Angelo Serafim, and Shigehisa Karimata. ''Okinawan-English Wordbook: A Short Lexicon of the Okinawan Language with English Definitions and Japanese Cognates.'' Honolulu, HI: U of Hawai'i, 2006. Print.

The latter one has been translated into Spanish and Portuguese at University of Hawaii press under the following titles: ''Diccionario okinawense-castellano'' and ''Dicionnário okinawano-português''

=== Online dictionaries ===
*[https://hougen.ajima.jp/ 『沖縄方言辞典』]
*[http://ryuwajiten.o-ki-na-wa.com/index.htm 『琉和辞典』] (Okinawan to Japanese)
*[http://waryujiten.o-ki-na-wa.com/ 『和琉辞典』] (Japanese to Okinawan)
*[https://repository.ninjal.ac.jp/?action=pages_view_main&amp;active_action=repository_view_main_item_detail&amp;item_id=3226&amp;item_no=1&amp;page_id=13&amp;block_id=21 『うちなーぐち活用辞典』]

==Machine translation==
*[https://www.8toch.net/translate/ 沖縄語に変換] (Japanese to Okinawan)

[[Category:Wp/ryu]]</text>
      <sha1>11pz26q6l7qmm8agr9g9d4vejl5nfnv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Incubator:Requests for deletion</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>2969803</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304840</id>
      <parentid>7303909</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:54:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Таёжный лес</username>
        <id>2566317</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Wb/udm */ new section</comment>
      <origin>7304840</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="51412" sha1="c4cqfk79kbv5q9fhdz56ukkg9xtqqqr" xml:space="preserve">{{Shortcut|[[I:RFD]]|archivelink=Incubator:Requests for deletions/Archive}}
__NEWSECTIONLINK__
This page is for nominating '''test wikis''' for deletion, or for nominating '''pages related to the maintenance of the Incubator''' for deletion. Requests for '''un'''deletion can also be made here. To request the deletion of '''individual pages in a specific test wiki''', please use the relevant talk pages where the editors of the test wiki are most active (such as the talk page of the test wiki's Main Page). Pages that should be speedily deleted should be tagged with {{tl|delete}} '''with a proper reason'''.

It is typically not necessary to request that pages in a test wiki be deleted after the project has been given its own subdomain (e.g., &lt;code&gt;aa.wikipedia.org&lt;/code&gt;), since such deletions are part of the normal workflow when creating new wikis. Eventually all pages in the test wiki will be deleted, leaving behind only the [[Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page|info page]].

For the deletion policy, see [[Incubator:Deletion policy]].

{{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 1 | archive = 'Incubator:Requests for deletions/Archive/((year)) | show = yes }}

== [[Wt/grc]] ==
As suggested by the [[m:Requests for new languages/Wiktionary Ancient Greek|rejected request]], and even agreed by a &quot;keeper&quot; of [[#Wp/grc]] above, there's blatantly no reason for having a Wiktionary in Historical language such as in Ancient Greek. For writting definitions of Ancient Greek words, the existing Wiktionaries e.g. [[wikt:el:|Greek Wiktionary]] are already hard on doing so. I would hence prefer to merge these contents into el.wiktionary. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 08:25, 12 July 2025 (UTC)

:Just to be clear, I did not say that &quot;there's blatantly no reason for having a Wiktionary in an historical language such as Ancient Greek&quot;. I don't agree on that point! What I've actually said is that I don't see reasons to preserve this draft of a Wiktionary, because the lemmas are too few and, above all, almost exclusively (80%?) written in Modern Greek. Probably, it is a draft by someone who wanted to translate them in Classical Greek but never had the time to do so. Since this Wiktionary is also inactive, and since there is no probability at all that this person will ever continue what he barely started, I don't find particular reasons to keep this very rough draft of a project alive. If someone wanted to restart an Ancient Greek Wiktionary, he could start it anew: having this draft or not would make very little difference!
:On the other hand, having a real Ancient Greek Wiktionary would be useful: who could say that monolingual dictionaries are of no use for students of foreign languages? Nobody could say that! Therefore, a functional Ancient Greek Wiktionary would be very useful for the ca. 1 million students of Ancient Greek around the globe. Unfortunately, no scholar is currently willing to write such a monolingual dictionary for free. [[User:Anaxicrates|Anaxicrates]] ([[User talk:Anaxicrates|talk]]) 13:16, 18 July 2025 (UTC)

{{Oppose}}. It's a good historical record. Others may be interested in it later.[[User:Andrijko Z.|Andrijko Z.]] ([[User talk:Andrijko Z.|talk]]) 01:06, 25 August 2025 (UTC)

:@[[User:Andrijko Z.|Andrijko Z.]] A good historical record? At least one former active user [[m:Special:Contributions/Leonardo José Raimundo|Leonardo José Raimundo]] is nowadays [[m:Requests for comment/Global ban for Leonardo José Raimundo|global banned]]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:17, 25 August 2025 (UTC)
::For me it's not an argument. The project may be cleaned if necessary, but not deleted. [[User:Andrijko Z.|Andrijko Z.]] ([[User talk:Andrijko Z.|talk]]) 01:57, 25 August 2025 (UTC)
*'''Delete''', {{ping|Andrijko Z.}} Are you really sure that you can speak such a historical language instead of a living language? From your record of contributions, I really really and really can't see anything as &quot;good&quot;, all of your historical records are only promoting your bad properties instead of &quot;good&quot;s. --[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-19854-51|&amp;#126;2026-19854-51]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-19854-51|talk]]) 06:23, 31 March 2026 (UTC)
*:Please stick back to constructive arguments. @[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-Warburg]] please pay attention to the tone of this user. Thank you! [[User:Andrijko Z.|Andrijko Z.]] ([[User talk:Andrijko Z.|talk]]) 23:10, 31 March 2026 (UTC)
*::@[[User:Andrijko Z.|Andrijko Z.]] You don't really need to ping MF-W or other administrators, since the user who made bad tone is just you, not me. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20750-41|&amp;#126;2026-20750-41]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-20750-41|talk]]) 14:10, 4 April 2026 (UTC)
*'''Delete''' Only Wikisource allows such ancient languages, and for testing Wikisource, [[s:mul:|here, the correct place]]. --[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-37662-04|&amp;#126;2026-37662-04]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-37662-04|talk]]) 10:59, 1 July 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wp/atv]] ==

See [[Incubator:Administrators%27_noticeboard#Wp/atv_existence]]. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 21:19, 14 November 2025 (UTC)

== Multiple projects ==
;[[Wy/wal]], [[Wy/zu]], [[Wy/mg]], [[Wy/aa]], [[Wy/zyj]], [[Wy/udm]], [[Wy/wym]], [[Wy/jbo]]

These projects only have one page, usually the main page, and have never been active since creation. They should be deleted. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 02:25, 8 January 2026 (UTC)

; [[Wq/so]], [[Wq/blk]], [[Wq/dtp]], [[Wq/aa]], [[Wq/zgh]], [[Wq/tcy]], [[Wq/se]], [[Wq/ary]]

Again, These projects only have one page, usually the main page, and have never been active since creation. They should be deleted. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 02:30, 8 January 2026 (UTC)

; [[Wb/ab]], [[Wb/ain]], [[Wb/bhi]], [[Wb/bug]], [[Wb/mos]], [[Wb/rw]], [[Wb/sn]], [[Wb/tum]], [[Wb/ddo]], [[Wb/lki]], [[Wb/wal]]

Again, These projects only have one page, usually the main page, and have never been active since creation. They should be deleted. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 02:35, 8 January 2026 (UTC)

; [[wn/ace]], [[wn/ain]], [[wn/am]], [[wn/gl]], [[wn/ady]], [[wn/ceb]]

Again, These projects only have one page, usually the main page, and have never been active since creation. They should be deleted. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 02:40, 8 January 2026 (UTC)

; [[Wp/mki]], [[Wp/beu]], [[Wp/com]], [[Wp/lrl]], [[Wp/mhp]], [[Wp/bgx]], [[Wp/enx]]

Again, These projects only have one page, usually the main page, and have never been active since creation. They should be deleted. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 02:46, 8 January 2026 (UTC)

:For what?... [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 18:38, 11 February 2026 (UTC)
::For being inactive, not having any content (or very few) and just taking up space. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 23:16, 11 February 2026 (UTC)
:::&quot;Placeholder&quot; projects have always existed on Incubator and are not a problem by themselves. Info pages with &quot;tocreate&quot; status (like Wp/com) also should not be deleted. If a Main Page properly written in the languages invites people to contribute, there is no problem. If there are additional problems, like the sole Main Page is not actually written in the language itself, or the language is dead/invalid, please elaborate. For example, I did just deleted Wb/tum because its Main Page was very broken with a lot of missing templates. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 00:11, 12 February 2026 (UTC)
::::There is really no problem aside from that it has no content, so if you say that they are just placeholder than they should be fine. Thanks for telling me. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 00:35, 12 February 2026 (UTC)
::::But also, these projects have never been active since creation. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 00:36, 12 February 2026 (UTC)
*'''Delete''' Placeholder-only &quot;projects&quot; are nonsense of nonsense, gibberish of gibberish, trolls of trolls, and especially, damn of damn. --[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-19854-51|&amp;#126;2026-19854-51]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-19854-51|talk]]) 06:24, 31 March 2026 (UTC)

:Also Wb/ary Wy/acm Wt/acm [[User:Almajidy|&lt;b style=&quot;background:#3e67b3;color:#FFF;border:4pxsolid #3e67b3;border-radius:25px;padding:3px 10px;font:20px 'Brush Script MT';&quot;&gt;'''Almajidy'''&lt;/b&gt;]]&lt;b style=&quot;font-size:7px;&quot;&gt;【Talk】&lt;/b&gt; 08:45, 8 April 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wp/ase]] ==

Pains me to say this but this project is unlikely to ever go anywhere. It has had no activity since 2020 besides spam. Most Deaf folks in the US, for cultural reasons, use English, and the SignWriting community is not very large. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-10410-48|&amp;#126;2026-10410-48]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-10410-48|talk]]) 22:57, 16 February 2026 (UTC)

:And is it just me or are there not even really characters to represent sign language? They don't show up for me at least. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-12914-86|&amp;#126;2026-12914-86]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-12914-86|talk]]) 15:42, 27 February 2026 (UTC)
::There is a gadget you need to activate. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 15:31, 2 March 2026 (UTC)
::I do not support the request for deletion. This content is readable to fluent ASL users with knowledge of signwriting (speaking as one myself). the characters do represent signed langauge [[User:Kachow03|Kachow03]] ([[User talk:Kachow03|talk]]) 07:32, 17 June 2026 (UTC)
:@[[User:Yair rand|Yair rand]]: What's the technical status of this project? I thought it was just waiting for MediaWiki to [[phab:T11436|properly support vertical text]] or for VisualEditor to have better support for SignWriting? Have you had any contact with [[User:ValSutton|ValSutton]] lately about this project? [[User:Mxn|Minh &lt;span style=&quot;font-variant: small-caps;&quot;&gt;Nguyễn&lt;/span&gt;]]&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Mxn|&lt;span style=&quot;display: inline-block;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x1f4ac;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 21:13, 19 March 2026 (UTC)
:This project has faltered in the past due to a lack of technical investment, but actually I think its potential has gone way up since 2020. If AI works for speech recognition in audio, it's likely to work decently for sign recognition in video as well; this would be an easy way to bypass SignWriting's traditional problem of having to learn a whole new writing system. [[User:Pharos|Pharos]] ([[User talk:Pharos|talk]]) 19:54, 23 March 2026 (UTC)
:{{oppose}} this is maybe the only incubator in a sign language, providing a proof of concept for testing technical investment in this area. This is an important language to have here and will be a reference for future sign languages in wikimedia. [[User:Arcstur|Arcstur]] ([[User talk:Arcstur|talk]]) 18:27, 11 July 2026 (UTC)
:If there is no established practice among Deaf users of using SignWriting as a means of writing and consuming content - rather than simply as a transcription of &quot;live&quot; signs - I don't see any realistic possibility of this project moving forward. I don't think it's reasonable for Wikimedia to try to impose the use of a script which the external community surrounding a language has not accepted. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|talk]]) 23:17, 14 August 2026 (UTC)

== Wikinews test projects ==
As of March 30, 2026, [[meta:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|Wikinews has been shut down]]. Therefore, none of the Wikinews test projects on the Incubator will ever go anywhere. They should therefore either be deleted or the content should be archived elsewhere. [[User:DraconicDark|DraconicDark]] ([[User talk:DraconicDark|talk]]) 17:17, 31 March 2026 (UTC)

:Please note that existing Wikinews tests are now [technically] in read only mode (or restricted to administrators), and creating new tests is also restricted. 🪶-[[User:Tanbiruzzaman|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:monospace;color:#006400;letter-spacing:1px;&quot;&gt;TΛNBIRUZZΛMΛN&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Tanbiruzzaman|💬]]) 20:13, 1 April 2026 (UTC)
:I'd suggest to announce this question via top of these test projects' portal pages e.g. [[Wn/cdo]] via that tag. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20743-13|&amp;#126;2026-20743-13]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-20743-13|talk]]) 07:51, 4 April 2026 (UTC)
::Done, there’ll now be a notice on every Wikinews tests info page. 🪶-[[User:Tanbiruzzaman|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:monospace;color:#006400;letter-spacing:1px;&quot;&gt;TΛNBIRUZZΛMΛN&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Tanbiruzzaman|💬]]) 09:37, 4 April 2026 (UTC)
I am told that the Board considers making a decision about this and is in consultation about possible place to put this content, so let's wait for that. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 13:20, 7 April 2026 (UTC)

:And, for the record, what to do with [[m:Requests_for_new_languages#Wikinews|RFL requests for Wikinewses]] (which many of them are marked eligible)? [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-22152-29|&amp;#126;2026-22152-29]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-22152-29|talk]]) 01:22, 10 April 2026 (UTC)
::If no users oppose, then I'd love to merge the above &quot;Wn/kk, Wn/sah/ Wn/tt&quot; section and another section below as L3 sections under this thread since we are discussing all Wikinews test projects here. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 01:46, 18 April 2026 (UTC)
:Manually pinging @[[User:Nvdtn19|Nvdtn19]] for [[Wn/vi]] due to talk page semi-protected. --[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 00:32, 19 April 2026 (UTC)
::I have no further comments on [[Wn/vi]]. This project just needs to archive and read-only like other cases. [[User:Nvdtn19|Nvdtn19]] ([[User talk:Nvdtn19|{{int:talkpagelinktext}}]]) 05:39, 19 April 2026 (UTC)

As one of the main contributors and maintainers of [[Wn/cdo]], I was caught completely off guard and deeply shocked by this news. Reading [[#Wn/ms|the statement below from the Wn/ms community]] truly resonated with me.

Over the years, volunteer reporters for Wn/cdo have actively gathered and edited news, gone on field assignments, and connected with locals to take photos and write articles—covering everything from major international events to grassroots local news in [[:w:en:Fuzhou|Hokchew]], [[:w:en:Matsu_Islands|Matsu]] and Malaysia [[:w:en:Fuzhou people|Hokchew community]]. Wikireporters even volunteered for field assignments in other cities, such as Shanghai, to cover local exhibitions. We were dedicated to ensuring that the Wikinews in our mother tongue was not merely a translation of dominant, high-resource languages, but instead possessed its own unique character. Wn/cdo is a project that has grown alongside the personal capabilities of its editors and maintainers.

It is profoundly regrettable to hear this news today. The editors of Wn/cdo are currently discussing where to go from here. [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 09:28, 19 April 2026 (UTC)

:Hello Davidzdh,
:I'm  Victoria, the  WMF Board of Trustees member responsible for the Wikinews -related discussions. I'm truly sorry that this news has come so unexpectedly. The wider Wikimedia Movement was discussing the possible future of the Wikinews projects for a while, and the consensus was that the existing projects did not leave up to the expectations while using the limited resources. But I understand that the bulk of discussions was happening in other places (mostly on Meta) and many people were not aware of them.
:It’s clear from your message how much care, effort, and personal commitment has gone into building and sustaining Wn/cdo over the years. The work of your community is deeply meaningful. It’s especially difficult when something that has grown so organically and with such dedication faces an uncertain future. I can assure you that all you've done wouldn't be lost as it will be accessible in the read mode and can be copied.
:I regret that this situation has come as a shock, and that it has affected contributors who have invested so much into the project.I understand that you and your fellow editors are now considering next steps. I sincerely hope that, whatever direction you choose, the strength and cohesion of your community will carry forward. [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] ([[User talk:Victoria|talk]]) 09:53, 21 April 2026 (UTC)

:: Hi [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]], what is the most recent work on [[Wn/cdo/Wikinews:Main Page|wn:cdo]]? Just making sure nothing is lost. [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 19:50, 21 April 2026 (UTC)
:::Interesting, all the newsletters shown on their mainpage were created 8 years ago, so where are their recent news? [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 06:26, 22 April 2026 (UTC)
:::Hi @[[User:Sj|Sj]], all works from [[Wn/cdo]] are [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/Wn/cdo/ here], in addition, their category pages, templates, and modules cannot be seen on the above summary page; they can be found at:
:::* [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex?prefix=Wn%2Fcdo%2F&amp;namespace=1 &lt;code&gt;Talk:Wn/cdo/xxx&lt;/code&gt;]
:::* [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/Category:Wn/cdo/ &lt;code&gt;Category:Wn/cdo/xxx&lt;/code&gt;]
:::* [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex?prefix=template%3AWn%2Fcdo%2F&amp;namespace=0 &lt;code&gt;template:Wn/cdo/xxx&lt;/code&gt;]
:::* [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex?prefix=module%3AWn%2Fcdo%2F&amp;namespace=0 &lt;code&gt;module:Wn/cdo/xxx&lt;/code&gt;]
:::* [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex?prefix=Wn%2Fcdo&amp;namespace=829 &lt;code&gt;module_talk:Wn/cdo/xxx&lt;/code&gt;]
:::I have provided a detailed summary of the page distribution and the community’s migration plan below [[#Wn/cdo]]. Thank you for your attention! [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 05:41, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
:::To provide some additional context regarding the main page, which might confuse those unfamiliar with the project:
:::Mindong has long had two mainstream writing systems: one using Chinese characters and the other using [[:en:Bàng-uâ-cê|Latin alphabets]]. For nearly thirty years in the online Mindong community, the debate over which script to use has been a controversial topic that has, to some extent, torn the community apart. Under the Mindong Wikipedia's village pump, Help namespace, and Wikipedia namespace, you will find extensive records of fierce arguments between both sides, as well as essays written by their respective supporters defending their stances. This controversy is not limited to Wikimedia projects; you can find even more of it in other Min language web forums and online chat rooms.
:::Therefore, in order to resolve this dispute and unite the community—at least within Wikimedia projects—we want the project's official pages to feature both Chinese characters and Romanization side-by-side (合璧, hăk-bék), with one script on the left half and the other on the right. Moreover, the content on both sides is essentially identical; if read aloud, they produce exactly the same sound, only the written text differs. This imposes high demands on the content—they cannot be written independently of one another, but must be coordinated to ensure both sides say the exact same thing.
:::Additionally, our view of the main page is that it serves as a showcase of the project volunteers' reporting and editing standards. Because of this, it is not simply the latest news that gets posted on the main page. Instead, we feature reports where volunteers actually did fieldwork, visited the sites, and took news photos to write lengthy, detailed articles. Furthermore, all articles featured on the main page are audio news reports, meaning an audio file read aloud by a human voice without any mispronunciations or verbal errors is attached alongside the transcript. Some even go a step further and are presented as full video news report programs that we have produced.
:::Naturally, requiring both high-quality reporting and strict consistency between the Chinese character and Latin alphabet versions makes maintaining updates on the main page objectively difficult. Our intent for the main page is to give people an understanding of the editorial style and quality standards of this incubator project as much as possible, so we do not aggressively push for rapid updates there. However, this does not mean there are no newer news articles within the project. [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 06:29, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
::Hello Victoria,
::Thank you for your clarification. I appreciate the assurance that, the content &quot;wouldn't be lost.&quot; I believe this is extremely important because it directly affects the volunteers' trust in Wikimedia. Many newsletters from Mindong Wikinews have been cited and linked on social media via their URLs. Regardless of the final outcome, keeping these URLs accessible means that the past efforts of the Mindong language community will have a chance to be remembered. [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 06:41, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
:[[Wn/tr/Ekrem İmamoğlu 13. cumhurbaşkanı seçildi]] is a spam page [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-25348-62|&amp;#126;2026-25348-62]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-25348-62|talk]]) 17:10, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
::+1, that should really fit the speedy deletion criteria. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 11:59, 12 May 2026 (UTC)

=== [[Wn/kk]], [[Wn/sah]], [[Wn/tt]] ===

These projects are already on Russian Wikinews [[Special:Contributions/151.135.197.56|151.135.197.56]] 13:47, 4 January 2025 (UTC)

:Tend to '''support deletion''' of Wn/kk per the [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Kazakh|rejected RFL]], which as only having little substubs before RFL rejection, there are merely no benefit for having a separate kk.wikinews. Eventually, it currently has '''[[Special:PrefixIndex/Wn/kk/|no pages]]'''. (Someone would say that there's [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Kazakh 2|second open RFL]], but its creator Bauka0625 didn't create anything except their own user page here)
:The later two were discussed [[Incubator:Requests_for_deletions/Archive/3#Wikinews_projects_in_languages_of_the_Russian_Federation|in 2019]] which result no consensus, of which Tatar Wikinews has its [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Tatar|RFL verified as eligible]], I'm not sure whether there's really benefit for second trial of RFD em. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:35, 5 January 2025 (UTC)

: {{Support}} I support the deletion of the projects as per the request. Besides that, these projects have never been active in the incubator since their creation.--[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 08:15, 5 January 2025 (UTC)
::@[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] The last Tatar one may be a sensitive question as, again, its RFL is verified as eligible, I contacted a user who voted keep in that 2019 DR, that has several contributions to [[Wq/tt]]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 10:24, 8 January 2025 (UTC)
: &quot;Delete&quot; (in scare quotes because no use of the MediaWiki deletion functionality is involved here - the page will really be replaced with a pointer) [[wn/kk]] as empty. Delete [[wn/sah]], which only contains a main page and no other content. Inclined to delete [[wn/tt]], which only contains a Main Page and one news article from 2020, as well, but not as strongly convinced. In any case these can be recreated if there's a movement to develop the project outside of Russian Wikinews. 
: Once these are deleted, we need to decide what to do with the domain names https://kk.wikinews.org, https://sah.wikinews.org, https://tt.wikinews.org.
:: Inclined to redirect https://tt.wikinews.org -&gt; https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82, https://sah.wikinews.org -&gt; https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D1%80%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9, but redirect https://kk.wikinews.org to https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C (the project page explaining Russian Wikinews' multilingual initiative) since there isn't even a Kazakh Main Page. Although even the first two are very dead. And for all three domains redirect https://tt.wikinews.org/wiki/foo -&gt; https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/Foo. [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|talk]]) 20:03, 12 January 2025 (UTC)
::@[[User:Pppery|Pppery]] I think for 3rd one, once we indeed gain consensus to delete, we might need to discuss with langcom members on whether its RFL's eligible status should be revoked. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 03:42, 13 January 2025 (UTC)
::: The project should remain in-theory eligible. I'm effectively saying to do a [[w:WP:Soft deletion|soft delete]] - delete the nearly-empty test currently there without prejudice against a new movement for starting a test if one forms. [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|talk]]) 03:43, 13 January 2025 (UTC)
::::@[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]]: As you're most likely supporting to keep such &quot;tocreate portal pages&quot;, do you have time on Pppery's suggestions above? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 04:57, 12 July 2025 (UTC)
::::Anyway, it looks like the member who marked Tatar Wikinews request eligible [[m:User_talk:Jon_Harald_Søby#Consider_cancelling_eligibility_of_Wikinews_Tatar?|doesn't agree]] to re-consider it should be revoked or not. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 05:01, 12 July 2025 (UTC)
:::::If they are already present on Wn/ru, then at least, they should link to their respective pages on ru.wikinews. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 06:17, 12 July 2025 (UTC)
::::::Looks like the nominator already did so. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:53, 12 July 2025 (UTC)
*'''Delete''' Per [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard#Board_of_Trustees_Approves_Closure_of_Wikinews|board decision]], they are already failed, and should go to 3rd platform for further contributing. --[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20743-13|&amp;#126;2026-20743-13]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-20743-13|talk]]) 07:46, 4 April 2026 (UTC)
*:{{Oppose}} Soft-closure and archive. ~ [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 00:32, 9 May 2026 (UTC)
*::@[[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] The entire projects were created on other wikis, why archive here? Make discussion branches? That's really hassle for citing. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 11:54, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
*:::Why not keep with soft redirections? But, yes, I'm not really opposite it, however should let the local community speak up maybe other russian contributors as well. [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 12:50, 12 May 2026 (UTC)

:{{Oppose}} all of the above. You should first ask one of the ru-Wikinews users (as me) to move these 4 pages. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 05:49, 19 April 2026 (UTC)

I have moved all useful Tatar and Kazakh content along with Yakut mainpage, and I'm asking the Incubator administrators to help me complete the migration:
# Delete all content of [[Wn/tt]] and [[Wn/kk]]
# Move all of the templates with redirects (~30) in [[Wn/sah]] &lt;u&gt;with prefixes, under their current names&lt;/u&gt; to Russian Wikinews. I can't do it myself, because importing to Wikinews from Incubator is not allowed, local sysops cannot import pages from Incubator. In the edit description, would be good to specify the contributors who created the template and the CC-BY-SA license (because Russian Wikinews use CC-BY-2.5).
# Place stubs from [[User:Таёжный лес/news]] on [[Wn/evn]] (another one language version hosted in ruWN), [[Wn/kk]], [[Wn/tt]], [[Wn/sah]] respectively. 
[[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 11:30, 19 April 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ruwikinews, as well as other Wikinews with official subdomains, are being discussed on [[m:Migration_of_Wikinews_and_future_hosts#Russian_Wikinews|future migration targets]], so I don't know why 3rd is still needed. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 02:30, 20 April 2026 (UTC)
::Right, along with other Wikinews, including projects in Incubator. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 03:44, 20 April 2026 (UTC)
:::Just note: Wn/evn is now deleted. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-36425-52|&amp;#126;2026-36425-52]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-36425-52|talk]]) 04:50, 23 June 2026 (UTC)

=== Empty Wikinews test projects ===
These Wikinews test projects contain no pages or only main pages:
[[Wn/ady]], [[Wn/ain]], [[Wn/arz]], [[Wn/bew]], [[Wn/bgn]], [[Wn/brh]], [[Wn/ccp]], [[Wn/ceb]], [[Wn/cnh]], [[Wn/ctg]], [[Wn/cy]], [[Wn/ddo]], [[Wn/dlg]], [[Wn/dtp]], [[Wn/dv]], [[Wn/dz]], [[Wn/ee]], [[Wn/ff]], [[Wn/fur]], [[Wn/ga]], [[Wn/gag]], [[Wn/gd]], [[Wn/gl]], [[Wn/gu]], [[Wn/hif]], [[Wn/hnd]], [[Wn/ie]], [[Wn/jax]], [[Wn/jbo]], [[Wn/jje]], [[Wn/kbd]], [[Wn/kip]], [[Wn/kjh]], [[Wn/kk]], [[Wn/kl]], [[Wn/km]], [[Wn/kn]], [[Wn/ks]], [[Wn/ku]], [[Wn/ky]], [[Wn/lg]], [[Wn/lo]], [[Wn/min]], [[Wn/mn]], [[Wn/mnw]], [[Wn/mr]], [[Wn/mrh]], [[Wn/my]], [[Wn/nrm]], [[Wn/nv]], [[Wn/oc]], [[Wn/om]], [[Wn/os]], [[Wn/pcm]], [[Wn/phr]], [[Wn/rw]], [[Wn/sah]], [[Wn/sco]], [[Wn/so]], [[Wn/tly]], [[Wn/trv]], [[Wn/ts]], [[Wn/tt]], [[Wn/tum]], [[Wn/tw]], [[Wn/vec]], [[Wn/wal]], [[Wn/yi]], [[Wn/zu]]
[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-21280-06|&amp;#126;2026-21280-06]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-21280-06|talk]]) 09:25, 7 April 2026 (UTC)

:False about Wn/tt. I don't see any problem with a test project having at least one page written in a language, even if it's just a mainpage. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 04:21, 8 April 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] This is already being discussed on the section above. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 23:06, 18 April 2026 (UTC)
:Probably [[Wn/als]], [[Wn/ang]], [[Wn/ba]] and [[Wn/bar]] can also be ditto opinions. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 23:10, 18 April 2026 (UTC)
::als, ba, and bar document where the corresponding projects are, and ang puts up a deletion notice. I don't see why we should delete them. [[User:魔琴|魔琴]] ([[User talk:魔琴|talk]]) 21:49, 29 April 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:魔琴|魔琴]] Where are benefits to keep such semi-redirect to closed projects? Those &quot;projects&quot; are having no pages useful, deletion of them should potentially be feel free and without prejudice, as like how we are plugging power sockets. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 15:02, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
::::Redirects are cheap. [[User:魔琴|魔琴]] ([[User talk:魔琴|talk]]) 15:05, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
:::::@[[User:魔琴|魔琴]] That will only result unnecessary discussion branches which can really stuck citation purposes, that said, [[w:Don't be a jerk|no need to leave such redirects to jerk pages]]/ [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 11:55, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
::Just soft close those pages, its not hard. It's nothing [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 12:52, 12 May 2026 (UTC)

* {{oppose}} all requests above. Cause this doesn’t even matter if the consensus reach to keep or delete, as the board already decided to close the project. If the board ask us delete all tests, we'll delete them.🪶-[[User:Tanbiruzzaman|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:monospace;color:#006400;letter-spacing:1px;&quot;&gt;TΛNBIRUZZΛMΛN&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Tanbiruzzaman|💬]]) 01:57, 19 April 2026 (UTC)
*:bew and ks are already deleted. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 22:58, 22 April 2026 (UTC)

:Suggest to '''delete''' those with entirely no subpages, e.g. [[Wn/my]], these can be feel free to go without prejudice. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 04:00, 19 April 2026 (UTC)
:{{Oppose}} [[Wn/nrm]] because of special code. {{Oppose}} [[Wn/kk]], [[Wn/sah]], and [[Wn/tt]] because we may need to mention [[:n:ru:Викиновости:Multilingualism|Russosphere Multilingual Wikinews project]] on their portals. --[[User:魔琴|魔琴]] ([[User talk:魔琴|talk]]) 21:52, 29 April 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:魔琴|魔琴]] Russian Wikinews is currently discussing the target of migration, see details [[m:Migration_of_Wikinews_and_future_hosts#Russian_Wikinews|here]]. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 17:09, 1 May 2026 (UTC)

* {{oppose}} First, we clearly need redirects etc.; e.g. if the Incubator cannot have interested contributors taking a look, then there's no way forward for the whole site, might consider a soft closure as well(no lol). Second, this actually brings no real benefit. Third, a soft closure decision points to soft closure, also the history of Wikimedia movement sites is not a have or not have. Wikinews(pages) have already been soft-closed now, and anyway that is a done deal. ~ [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 14:23, 8 May 2026 (UTC)

=== [[Wn/ms]] ===
I need clarification regarding the closure of Malay Wikinews. Will administrators on Wikimedia Incubator mass-delete all the pages associated with Malay Wikinews, given that there are currently a total of 1162 pages (including categories, templates, talk pages, and redirects) based on [https://meta.toolforge.org/catanalysis/index.php?cat=0&amp;title=Wn/ms&amp;wiki=incubatorwiki the statistics on this page]? Or will the community be given the option to move/archive these pages elsewhere (such as Miraheze, or maybe one of the Malay Wikimedia projects with new namespace, or perhaps separate toolforge project)? [[User:Hakimi97|Hakimi97]] ([[User talk:Hakimi97|talk]]) 05:08, 19 April 2026 (UTC)

:I will tag active Malay Wikinews contributors such as @[[User:Stress 043|Stress 043]], @[[User:26 Ramadan|26 Ramadan]], @[[User:EmpAhmadK|EmpAhmadK]], @[[User:Izington|Izington]], @[[User:Rulwarih|Rulwarih]], @[[User:Jeluang Terluang|Jeluang Terluang]], @[[User:SNN95|SNN95]], @[[User:Zazamental|Zazamental]], @[[User:Wiki Farazi|Wiki Farazi]], @[[User:Adikhebat|Adikhebat]], @[[User:Tofeiku|Tofeiku]], @[[User:Song GK|Song GK]], @[[User:Ceball1923|Ceball1923]], @[[User:Niduzzi|Niduzzi]] regarding this. They have the right to know where their contributions would go, and worst comes to worst, send their final goodbye to their content. [[User:Hakimi97|Hakimi97]] ([[User talk:Hakimi97|talk]]) 05:13, 19 April 2026 (UTC)
::Actually, with the exception of blocked users e.g. Zazamental (and some who are inactive for at least 2 years), I already posted noticement on their talk pages this morning. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 05:20, 19 April 2026 (UTC)
:As someone who has been very hopeful and working a lot on the release of Malay Wikinews since 2020, it is definitely upsetting to see the years of work wasted, especially with the recent creation of the news header template and all the work that the Malaysian community put for more original reports on the ground that also helped to contribute to other projects such as Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons. I would suggest that even if Wikinews is no longer supported, the local communities on incubator should have the autonomy to continue running their own Wikinews (and any other projects if they also get shut down) afterwards on Incubator as it barely costs anything for the Foundation to support.
:The initiatives taken by the Malaysian community such as to get the media pass to be the first to report on the iPhone 17 launch and have pictures uploaded to commons cannot be ignored. Even other news occassionally refers to the Malay Wikinews for their report, such as when the new Kamus Dewan Perdana website was announced, where the Malay tech news [https://amanz.my/2025541529 directly cited Wikinews' original report] of the announcement from Dewan Bahasa.
:If local communities are able to bring Wikinews to greater heights, nobody should be able to stop them. At least let us operate our projects on the Incubator even if it will never make it to its full stage, it's better than shutting it down entirely. [[User:EmpAhmadK|EmpAhmadK]] ([[User talk:EmpAhmadK|talk]]) 06:33, 19 April 2026 (UTC)
:: Hello [[user:Hakimi97|Hakimi97]] and [[user:EmpAhmadK|EmpAhmadK]], I don't believe any pages will be deleted, at most made read-only.  Existing URLs should continue to work. There are also community plans to [[m:Migration of Wikinews and future hosts|migrate Wikinews to a new host]] which could include interested active incubator languages. (You may want to comment there.) So no work to date should be wasted. [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 19:50, 21 April 2026 (UTC)
:::I don't think that it is possible for Malay Wikinews to be moved together with those established language editions of Wikinews, given that the Malay Wikinews has not even graduated from the Incubator before the closure of the Wikinews being announced. [[User:Hakimi97|Hakimi97]] ([[User talk:Hakimi97|talk]]) 20:15, 21 April 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:Sj|Sj]] Maybe [[Wn/tr]] has really benefits for losing instead of archiving due to its totally spam subpages. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 12:01, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
::First, I believe that Malay Wikinews will absolutely not be deleted; another key aspect of soft closure is proper preservation. Second, you are welcome to continue following future developments related to Wikinews and participate in related discussions, perhaps join back in again! ~ [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 00:30, 9 May 2026 (UTC)
:Sorry for being inactive for quite some time. When I first came across Malay Wikinews back in 2024, it had roughly 300 articles. Seeing that number grow to over 600 today is a significant achievement, especially given the very small number of active contributors.
:Realistically, awareness of Wikinews is quite low, and even fewer people know about the Malay edition. For this reason, the Board's decision to close the project is understandable, and I accept the archival of the Malay site. However, I completely empathize with the contributors who might feel frustrated by this decision. They invested a great deal of time and effort into producing original reporting and photography, and their disappointment is completely valid.
:Ultimately, life goes on, and the broader Wikimedia movement will continue to move forward. Free knowledge truly comes with a hefty price. [[User:Stress 043|Stress 043]] ([[User talk:Stress 043|talk]]) 15:45, 24 May 2026 (UTC)
::That being said, many communities are still going, and we welcome you to join us moving forward or stopping together. ~ [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 23:00, 24 May 2026 (UTC)

=== [[Wn/cdo]] ===

Following the recent news regarding the Wikinews closures, the Mindong (cdo) community has discussed our next steps. With the explicit support of our local administrators, we plan to migrate our Wikinews test project to the Mindong Wikipedia (cdo.wikipedia.org) and continue operating it there as a dedicated sub-project.

To ensure that the years of hard work by our contributors are preserved and that proper attribution is maintained, we need to perform a full import. Therefore, I am requesting a complete dump—including full edit histories—for all pages under the Wn/cdo/ prefix.

For context, our community has already prepared the necessary namespace mapping plan for the target wiki:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Incubator Path !! Target path on cdo.wikipedia
|-
| Wn/cdo/xxx || Report:xxx
|-
| Talk:Wn/cdo/xxx || Report_talk:xxx
|-
| Wn/cdo/Help:xxx || Help:xxx
|-
| Wn/cdo/Wikinews:xxx || WN:xxx
|-
| Talk:Wn/cdo/Wikinews:xxx || WN_talk:xxx
|-
| Category:Wn/cdo/xxx || Category:Wn/cdo/xxx
|-
| Template:Wn/cdo/xxx || Template:Wn/cdo/xxx
|-
| Module:Wn/cdo/xxx || Module:Wn/cdo/xxx
|-
| Module_talk:Wn/cdo/xxx || Module_talk:Wn/cdo/xxx
|}

Could an administrator or someone with the necessary access please assist us in generating this export? --[[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 05:30, 25 April 2026 (UTC)

:You need to file a request at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?tags=wikimedia-site-requests phabricator] for those namespace creation. 🪶-[[User:Tanbiruzzaman|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:monospace;color:#006400;letter-spacing:1px;&quot;&gt;TΛNBIRUZZΛMΛN&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Tanbiruzzaman|💬]]) 05:46, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
::Thank you for the information. Do we need the Phabricator request for the namespaces to be approved and implemented first, or can the data dump and import happen in parallel? [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 06:44, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
::[[phab:T424413]] has been created. [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 07:11, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
:Really support this constructive decision by the local community. Keep it up! ~ [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 00:31, 9 May 2026 (UTC)

I would recommend not creating new namespaces (that makes archiving and discovery much harder, especially for a small number of pages) unless necessary.  You can more easily map this as follows, with no new namespaces needed.  Also it's better for the official page title to be a full &quot;wikinews&quot; rather than an abbreviation &quot;WN&quot; again for searchability and readability. [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 12:59, 28 April 2026 (UTC)

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Incubator Path !! Target path on cdo.wikipedia
|-
| Wn/cdo/xxx || Project:Reports/xxx
|-
| Wn/cdo/Wikinews:xxx || Project:Wikinews/xxx
|}
:Thank you for your constructive suggestion.
:From my understanding, requesting and creating new namespaces is actually a separate matter from importing the news articles and their edit histories from the Incubator. (I also pointed this out during our internal discussions within the local community, and the local Wikipedia administrator agrees with this as well.)
:For the import process itself, I think using the target paths you suggested works perfectly. As for creating new namespaces, it might take a very long time due to technical or other reasons, or it might not even be implemented at all. However, this will not affect the continued operation of the local community's news project.
:How should we move forward with the export and import process? [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 09:11, 25 May 2026 (UTC)

=== Archive all ===

It should be based on full archival as the standard. Since the closure component of the soft-close has already been applied to the various Incubator sites, its archival component should also be applied here. 

and For Incubator versions with communities by the way, they have always been part of the global Wikinews community, and they are also welcome to take part in future contributions and discussions. ~ [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 13:47, 8 May 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] I don't think empty ones e.g. [[Wn/my]] should also be &quot;archived&quot;, since there are eventually no projects under this prefix, such empty &quot;projects&quot; should feel free to be deleted. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 11:51, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
::The main thing is, deleting a one page doesn't do any good, and since it's already been soft-closed, the process isn't exactly fair. And since there's no negative impact anyway, I guess it's fine to just keep it. But, not really impact much thing [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 12:43, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] But keeping such &quot;null project&quot;s, on the other hand, can really mislead users to consider starting them even after 4 May, to which those are no longer allowed to active in any circumstances, that will only cause unnecessary unprotect requests which are also unfair for the administrators. Due to really existing negative impact in the near future, I suggest that we can exclude such empty ones from archival by early-bird deletion, that's the correct way with no hurts, not keeping, this way is really hurting future new users. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 05:14, 13 May 2026 (UTC)
::::I understand your concerns, but they are unnecessary. Enough explanation is enough. If you think like that, then all soft shutdown sites would have this problem, which is impossible. [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 11:04, 13 May 2026 (UTC)
:::::@[[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] I don't think so, it's unable to guess what the new users really wanna do, if and when they asked for unprotect, are you really able to do such &quot;enough explanation&quot;s? [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-38002-61|&amp;#126;2026-38002-61]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-38002-61|talk]]) 04:09, 3 July 2026 (UTC)
:@[[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] Anyway, I suggest that we can exclude one from your archival proposal: Turkish ([[Wn/tr]]) as someone else pointed above, there are really nothing but spam pages under Wn/tr prefix. Presumably, that's already a scandal of Incubator. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 11:52, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
::Yeah If there truly is an extremely exceptional incubator version that cannot be resolved through cleanup and has a significant negative impact, then of course it is open to discuss, I won't be opposite. [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 12:39, 12 May 2026 (UTC)

=== [[Wn/tr]] ===
Since someone pointed above, I suggest that even we are considering to archive all Wikinews test projects without deletion, but this Turkish one should really be excluded from archival, and should consider '''deleting all pages''', and with explaination to '''direct to either tr.wikipedia or Miraheze/Fandom...''' for future news contributions, due to '''full of spam-only pages, include the mainpage'''. --'''[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 11:24, 13 May 2026 (UTC)'''

== [[Wy/ssh]] ==

not in shihhi arabic  [[User:Almajidy|&lt;b style=&quot;background:#3e67b3;color:#FFF;border:4pxsolid #3e67b3;border-radius:25px;padding:3px 10px;font:20px 'Brush Script MT';&quot;&gt;'''Almajidy'''&lt;/b&gt;]]&lt;b style=&quot;font-size:7px;&quot;&gt;【Talk】&lt;/b&gt; 07:36, 11 May 2026 (UTC)

:Seems already deleted, close? [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 12:00, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
{{Section resolved|1=[[User:Ninjastrikers|&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant:small-caps;color:blue;font-family:century gothic;&quot;&gt;Ninja&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;✮&lt;/span&gt;Strikers&lt;/span&gt;]] &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:Red;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;«[[User talk:Ninjastrikers|☎]]»&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 14:32, 3 July 2026 (UTC)}}

== [[Wb/ary]], [[Wp/ars]], [[Wt/acm]], [[Wy/acm]], [[Wp/ayl]], [[Wq/ary]], [[Wp/afb]] ==

one page wiki test projects [[User:Almajidy|&lt;b style=&quot;background:#3e67b3;color:#FFF;border:4pxsolid #3e67b3;border-radius:25px;padding:3px 10px;font:20px 'Brush Script MT';&quot;&gt;'''Almajidy'''&lt;/b&gt;]]&lt;b style=&quot;font-size:7px;&quot;&gt;【Talk】&lt;/b&gt; 12:10, 12 May 2026 (UTC)

:Notifyed two users that were active on some of above. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 05:07, 13 May 2026 (UTC)
:Wp/afb has multiple pages. [[User:JJUPLOADS22|JJUPLOADS22]] ([[User talk:JJUPLOADS22|talk]]) 19:01, 31 May 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wp/xpq]] ==

There's no one encyclopedic article in this wiki, only images and two interrogative sentences in [[Wp/xpq/Shwi mitukushq]]. Mohegan-Pequot is actually a dead language. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 12:40, 30 August 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wp/mjy]] ==

No encyclopedic content: articles contain nothing except title and single image. Mahican language has no speakers. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 13:20, 30 August 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wp/xzh]] ==

Unactive test in an ancient language. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 05:08, 1 September 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wt/mxi]] ==

Unactive test in a historical language. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 05:08, 1 September 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wy/bxr]] ==

The single page, being abandoned for 5 years, contains only English text. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 14:00, 1 September 2026 (UTC)

== Tungusic Wiktionaries ==
[[Wt/neg]], [[Wt/ude]], [[Wt/evn]], [[Wt/ulc]], [[Wt/oaa]], [[Wt/gld]]. No content on these languages except from the described words. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 17:39, 2 September 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wq/jje]] ==

No actual content since creation. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 14:32, 3 September 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wy/jje]] ==

Same as [[Wq/jje]]. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 14:37, 3 September 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wb/udm]] ==

LTA's vandalism. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 14:54, 4 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>c4cqfk79kbv5q9fhdz56ukkg9xtqqqr</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305081</id>
      <parentid>7304840</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:14:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Arenghtqru888</username>
        <id>2687803</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Wp/ase */</comment>
      <origin>7305081</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="51551" sha1="2wp3ip6kbbmkndmyc6fensojth9ix1z" xml:space="preserve">{{Shortcut|[[I:RFD]]|archivelink=Incubator:Requests for deletions/Archive}}
__NEWSECTIONLINK__
This page is for nominating '''test wikis''' for deletion, or for nominating '''pages related to the maintenance of the Incubator''' for deletion. Requests for '''un'''deletion can also be made here. To request the deletion of '''individual pages in a specific test wiki''', please use the relevant talk pages where the editors of the test wiki are most active (such as the talk page of the test wiki's Main Page). Pages that should be speedily deleted should be tagged with {{tl|delete}} '''with a proper reason'''.

It is typically not necessary to request that pages in a test wiki be deleted after the project has been given its own subdomain (e.g., &lt;code&gt;aa.wikipedia.org&lt;/code&gt;), since such deletions are part of the normal workflow when creating new wikis. Eventually all pages in the test wiki will be deleted, leaving behind only the [[Incubator:Policy/Test wiki info page|info page]].

For the deletion policy, see [[Incubator:Deletion policy]].

{{Autoarchive resolved section | age = 1 | archive = 'Incubator:Requests for deletions/Archive/((year)) | show = yes }}

== [[Wt/grc]] ==
As suggested by the [[m:Requests for new languages/Wiktionary Ancient Greek|rejected request]], and even agreed by a &quot;keeper&quot; of [[#Wp/grc]] above, there's blatantly no reason for having a Wiktionary in Historical language such as in Ancient Greek. For writting definitions of Ancient Greek words, the existing Wiktionaries e.g. [[wikt:el:|Greek Wiktionary]] are already hard on doing so. I would hence prefer to merge these contents into el.wiktionary. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 08:25, 12 July 2025 (UTC)

:Just to be clear, I did not say that &quot;there's blatantly no reason for having a Wiktionary in an historical language such as Ancient Greek&quot;. I don't agree on that point! What I've actually said is that I don't see reasons to preserve this draft of a Wiktionary, because the lemmas are too few and, above all, almost exclusively (80%?) written in Modern Greek. Probably, it is a draft by someone who wanted to translate them in Classical Greek but never had the time to do so. Since this Wiktionary is also inactive, and since there is no probability at all that this person will ever continue what he barely started, I don't find particular reasons to keep this very rough draft of a project alive. If someone wanted to restart an Ancient Greek Wiktionary, he could start it anew: having this draft or not would make very little difference!
:On the other hand, having a real Ancient Greek Wiktionary would be useful: who could say that monolingual dictionaries are of no use for students of foreign languages? Nobody could say that! Therefore, a functional Ancient Greek Wiktionary would be very useful for the ca. 1 million students of Ancient Greek around the globe. Unfortunately, no scholar is currently willing to write such a monolingual dictionary for free. [[User:Anaxicrates|Anaxicrates]] ([[User talk:Anaxicrates|talk]]) 13:16, 18 July 2025 (UTC)

{{Oppose}}. It's a good historical record. Others may be interested in it later.[[User:Andrijko Z.|Andrijko Z.]] ([[User talk:Andrijko Z.|talk]]) 01:06, 25 August 2025 (UTC)

:@[[User:Andrijko Z.|Andrijko Z.]] A good historical record? At least one former active user [[m:Special:Contributions/Leonardo José Raimundo|Leonardo José Raimundo]] is nowadays [[m:Requests for comment/Global ban for Leonardo José Raimundo|global banned]]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 01:17, 25 August 2025 (UTC)
::For me it's not an argument. The project may be cleaned if necessary, but not deleted. [[User:Andrijko Z.|Andrijko Z.]] ([[User talk:Andrijko Z.|talk]]) 01:57, 25 August 2025 (UTC)
*'''Delete''', {{ping|Andrijko Z.}} Are you really sure that you can speak such a historical language instead of a living language? From your record of contributions, I really really and really can't see anything as &quot;good&quot;, all of your historical records are only promoting your bad properties instead of &quot;good&quot;s. --[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-19854-51|&amp;#126;2026-19854-51]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-19854-51|talk]]) 06:23, 31 March 2026 (UTC)
*:Please stick back to constructive arguments. @[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-Warburg]] please pay attention to the tone of this user. Thank you! [[User:Andrijko Z.|Andrijko Z.]] ([[User talk:Andrijko Z.|talk]]) 23:10, 31 March 2026 (UTC)
*::@[[User:Andrijko Z.|Andrijko Z.]] You don't really need to ping MF-W or other administrators, since the user who made bad tone is just you, not me. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20750-41|&amp;#126;2026-20750-41]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-20750-41|talk]]) 14:10, 4 April 2026 (UTC)
*'''Delete''' Only Wikisource allows such ancient languages, and for testing Wikisource, [[s:mul:|here, the correct place]]. --[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-37662-04|&amp;#126;2026-37662-04]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-37662-04|talk]]) 10:59, 1 July 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wp/atv]] ==

See [[Incubator:Administrators%27_noticeboard#Wp/atv_existence]]. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 21:19, 14 November 2025 (UTC)

== Multiple projects ==
;[[Wy/wal]], [[Wy/zu]], [[Wy/mg]], [[Wy/aa]], [[Wy/zyj]], [[Wy/udm]], [[Wy/wym]], [[Wy/jbo]]

These projects only have one page, usually the main page, and have never been active since creation. They should be deleted. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 02:25, 8 January 2026 (UTC)

; [[Wq/so]], [[Wq/blk]], [[Wq/dtp]], [[Wq/aa]], [[Wq/zgh]], [[Wq/tcy]], [[Wq/se]], [[Wq/ary]]

Again, These projects only have one page, usually the main page, and have never been active since creation. They should be deleted. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 02:30, 8 January 2026 (UTC)

; [[Wb/ab]], [[Wb/ain]], [[Wb/bhi]], [[Wb/bug]], [[Wb/mos]], [[Wb/rw]], [[Wb/sn]], [[Wb/tum]], [[Wb/ddo]], [[Wb/lki]], [[Wb/wal]]

Again, These projects only have one page, usually the main page, and have never been active since creation. They should be deleted. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 02:35, 8 January 2026 (UTC)

; [[wn/ace]], [[wn/ain]], [[wn/am]], [[wn/gl]], [[wn/ady]], [[wn/ceb]]

Again, These projects only have one page, usually the main page, and have never been active since creation. They should be deleted. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 02:40, 8 January 2026 (UTC)

; [[Wp/mki]], [[Wp/beu]], [[Wp/com]], [[Wp/lrl]], [[Wp/mhp]], [[Wp/bgx]], [[Wp/enx]]

Again, These projects only have one page, usually the main page, and have never been active since creation. They should be deleted. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 02:46, 8 January 2026 (UTC)

:For what?... [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 18:38, 11 February 2026 (UTC)
::For being inactive, not having any content (or very few) and just taking up space. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 23:16, 11 February 2026 (UTC)
:::&quot;Placeholder&quot; projects have always existed on Incubator and are not a problem by themselves. Info pages with &quot;tocreate&quot; status (like Wp/com) also should not be deleted. If a Main Page properly written in the languages invites people to contribute, there is no problem. If there are additional problems, like the sole Main Page is not actually written in the language itself, or the language is dead/invalid, please elaborate. For example, I did just deleted Wb/tum because its Main Page was very broken with a lot of missing templates. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 00:11, 12 February 2026 (UTC)
::::There is really no problem aside from that it has no content, so if you say that they are just placeholder than they should be fine. Thanks for telling me. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 00:35, 12 February 2026 (UTC)
::::But also, these projects have never been active since creation. [[User:Breck0530|Breck0530]] ([[User talk:Breck0530|talk]]) 00:36, 12 February 2026 (UTC)
*'''Delete''' Placeholder-only &quot;projects&quot; are nonsense of nonsense, gibberish of gibberish, trolls of trolls, and especially, damn of damn. --[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-19854-51|&amp;#126;2026-19854-51]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-19854-51|talk]]) 06:24, 31 March 2026 (UTC)

:Also Wb/ary Wy/acm Wt/acm [[User:Almajidy|&lt;b style=&quot;background:#3e67b3;color:#FFF;border:4pxsolid #3e67b3;border-radius:25px;padding:3px 10px;font:20px 'Brush Script MT';&quot;&gt;'''Almajidy'''&lt;/b&gt;]]&lt;b style=&quot;font-size:7px;&quot;&gt;【Talk】&lt;/b&gt; 08:45, 8 April 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wp/ase]] ==

Pains me to say this but this project is unlikely to ever go anywhere. It has had no activity since 2020 besides spam. Most Deaf folks in the US, for cultural reasons, use English, and the SignWriting community is not very large. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-10410-48|&amp;#126;2026-10410-48]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-10410-48|talk]]) 22:57, 16 February 2026 (UTC)

:And is it just me or are there not even really characters to represent sign language? They don't show up for me at least. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-12914-86|&amp;#126;2026-12914-86]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-12914-86|talk]]) 15:42, 27 February 2026 (UTC)
::There is a gadget you need to activate. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 15:31, 2 March 2026 (UTC)
::I do not support the request for deletion. This content is readable to fluent ASL users with knowledge of signwriting (speaking as one myself). the characters do represent signed langauge [[User:Kachow03|Kachow03]] ([[User talk:Kachow03|talk]]) 07:32, 17 June 2026 (UTC)
:@[[User:Yair rand|Yair rand]]: What's the technical status of this project? I thought it was just waiting for MediaWiki to [[phab:T11436|properly support vertical text]] or for VisualEditor to have better support for SignWriting? Have you had any contact with [[User:ValSutton|ValSutton]] lately about this project? [[User:Mxn|Minh &lt;span style=&quot;font-variant: small-caps;&quot;&gt;Nguyễn&lt;/span&gt;]]&amp;nbsp;&lt;sup&gt;[[User talk:Mxn|&lt;span style=&quot;display: inline-block;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x1f4ac;&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/sup&gt; 21:13, 19 March 2026 (UTC)
:This project has faltered in the past due to a lack of technical investment, but actually I think its potential has gone way up since 2020. If AI works for speech recognition in audio, it's likely to work decently for sign recognition in video as well; this would be an easy way to bypass SignWriting's traditional problem of having to learn a whole new writing system. [[User:Pharos|Pharos]] ([[User talk:Pharos|talk]]) 19:54, 23 March 2026 (UTC)
:{{oppose}} this is maybe the only incubator in a sign language, providing a proof of concept for testing technical investment in this area. This is an important language to have here and will be a reference for future sign languages in wikimedia. [[User:Arcstur|Arcstur]] ([[User talk:Arcstur|talk]]) 18:27, 11 July 2026 (UTC)
:If there is no established practice among Deaf users of using SignWriting as a means of writing and consuming content - rather than simply as a transcription of &quot;live&quot; signs - I don't see any realistic possibility of this project moving forward. I don't think it's reasonable for Wikimedia to try to impose the use of a script which the external community surrounding a language has not accepted. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|talk]]) 23:17, 14 August 2026 (UTC)
:{{support}} what even is the point? ASl is visual. Reading is also visual, and way simpler than trying to figure out what a symbol means.

== Wikinews test projects ==
As of March 30, 2026, [[meta:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|Wikinews has been shut down]]. Therefore, none of the Wikinews test projects on the Incubator will ever go anywhere. They should therefore either be deleted or the content should be archived elsewhere. [[User:DraconicDark|DraconicDark]] ([[User talk:DraconicDark|talk]]) 17:17, 31 March 2026 (UTC)

:Please note that existing Wikinews tests are now [technically] in read only mode (or restricted to administrators), and creating new tests is also restricted. 🪶-[[User:Tanbiruzzaman|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:monospace;color:#006400;letter-spacing:1px;&quot;&gt;TΛNBIRUZZΛMΛN&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Tanbiruzzaman|💬]]) 20:13, 1 April 2026 (UTC)
:I'd suggest to announce this question via top of these test projects' portal pages e.g. [[Wn/cdo]] via that tag. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20743-13|&amp;#126;2026-20743-13]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-20743-13|talk]]) 07:51, 4 April 2026 (UTC)
::Done, there’ll now be a notice on every Wikinews tests info page. 🪶-[[User:Tanbiruzzaman|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:monospace;color:#006400;letter-spacing:1px;&quot;&gt;TΛNBIRUZZΛMΛN&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Tanbiruzzaman|💬]]) 09:37, 4 April 2026 (UTC)
I am told that the Board considers making a decision about this and is in consultation about possible place to put this content, so let's wait for that. --&lt;small&gt;[[User:MF-Warburg|MF-W]] ''{a, b}''&lt;/small&gt; 13:20, 7 April 2026 (UTC)

:And, for the record, what to do with [[m:Requests_for_new_languages#Wikinews|RFL requests for Wikinewses]] (which many of them are marked eligible)? [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-22152-29|&amp;#126;2026-22152-29]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-22152-29|talk]]) 01:22, 10 April 2026 (UTC)
::If no users oppose, then I'd love to merge the above &quot;Wn/kk, Wn/sah/ Wn/tt&quot; section and another section below as L3 sections under this thread since we are discussing all Wikinews test projects here. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 01:46, 18 April 2026 (UTC)
:Manually pinging @[[User:Nvdtn19|Nvdtn19]] for [[Wn/vi]] due to talk page semi-protected. --[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 00:32, 19 April 2026 (UTC)
::I have no further comments on [[Wn/vi]]. This project just needs to archive and read-only like other cases. [[User:Nvdtn19|Nvdtn19]] ([[User talk:Nvdtn19|{{int:talkpagelinktext}}]]) 05:39, 19 April 2026 (UTC)

As one of the main contributors and maintainers of [[Wn/cdo]], I was caught completely off guard and deeply shocked by this news. Reading [[#Wn/ms|the statement below from the Wn/ms community]] truly resonated with me.

Over the years, volunteer reporters for Wn/cdo have actively gathered and edited news, gone on field assignments, and connected with locals to take photos and write articles—covering everything from major international events to grassroots local news in [[:w:en:Fuzhou|Hokchew]], [[:w:en:Matsu_Islands|Matsu]] and Malaysia [[:w:en:Fuzhou people|Hokchew community]]. Wikireporters even volunteered for field assignments in other cities, such as Shanghai, to cover local exhibitions. We were dedicated to ensuring that the Wikinews in our mother tongue was not merely a translation of dominant, high-resource languages, but instead possessed its own unique character. Wn/cdo is a project that has grown alongside the personal capabilities of its editors and maintainers.

It is profoundly regrettable to hear this news today. The editors of Wn/cdo are currently discussing where to go from here. [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 09:28, 19 April 2026 (UTC)

:Hello Davidzdh,
:I'm  Victoria, the  WMF Board of Trustees member responsible for the Wikinews -related discussions. I'm truly sorry that this news has come so unexpectedly. The wider Wikimedia Movement was discussing the possible future of the Wikinews projects for a while, and the consensus was that the existing projects did not leave up to the expectations while using the limited resources. But I understand that the bulk of discussions was happening in other places (mostly on Meta) and many people were not aware of them.
:It’s clear from your message how much care, effort, and personal commitment has gone into building and sustaining Wn/cdo over the years. The work of your community is deeply meaningful. It’s especially difficult when something that has grown so organically and with such dedication faces an uncertain future. I can assure you that all you've done wouldn't be lost as it will be accessible in the read mode and can be copied.
:I regret that this situation has come as a shock, and that it has affected contributors who have invested so much into the project.I understand that you and your fellow editors are now considering next steps. I sincerely hope that, whatever direction you choose, the strength and cohesion of your community will carry forward. [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] ([[User talk:Victoria|talk]]) 09:53, 21 April 2026 (UTC)

:: Hi [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]], what is the most recent work on [[Wn/cdo/Wikinews:Main Page|wn:cdo]]? Just making sure nothing is lost. [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 19:50, 21 April 2026 (UTC)
:::Interesting, all the newsletters shown on their mainpage were created 8 years ago, so where are their recent news? [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 06:26, 22 April 2026 (UTC)
:::Hi @[[User:Sj|Sj]], all works from [[Wn/cdo]] are [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/Wn/cdo/ here], in addition, their category pages, templates, and modules cannot be seen on the above summary page; they can be found at:
:::* [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex?prefix=Wn%2Fcdo%2F&amp;namespace=1 &lt;code&gt;Talk:Wn/cdo/xxx&lt;/code&gt;]
:::* [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/Category:Wn/cdo/ &lt;code&gt;Category:Wn/cdo/xxx&lt;/code&gt;]
:::* [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex?prefix=template%3AWn%2Fcdo%2F&amp;namespace=0 &lt;code&gt;template:Wn/cdo/xxx&lt;/code&gt;]
:::* [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex?prefix=module%3AWn%2Fcdo%2F&amp;namespace=0 &lt;code&gt;module:Wn/cdo/xxx&lt;/code&gt;]
:::* [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex?prefix=Wn%2Fcdo&amp;namespace=829 &lt;code&gt;module_talk:Wn/cdo/xxx&lt;/code&gt;]
:::I have provided a detailed summary of the page distribution and the community’s migration plan below [[#Wn/cdo]]. Thank you for your attention! [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 05:41, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
:::To provide some additional context regarding the main page, which might confuse those unfamiliar with the project:
:::Mindong has long had two mainstream writing systems: one using Chinese characters and the other using [[:en:Bàng-uâ-cê|Latin alphabets]]. For nearly thirty years in the online Mindong community, the debate over which script to use has been a controversial topic that has, to some extent, torn the community apart. Under the Mindong Wikipedia's village pump, Help namespace, and Wikipedia namespace, you will find extensive records of fierce arguments between both sides, as well as essays written by their respective supporters defending their stances. This controversy is not limited to Wikimedia projects; you can find even more of it in other Min language web forums and online chat rooms.
:::Therefore, in order to resolve this dispute and unite the community—at least within Wikimedia projects—we want the project's official pages to feature both Chinese characters and Romanization side-by-side (合璧, hăk-bék), with one script on the left half and the other on the right. Moreover, the content on both sides is essentially identical; if read aloud, they produce exactly the same sound, only the written text differs. This imposes high demands on the content—they cannot be written independently of one another, but must be coordinated to ensure both sides say the exact same thing.
:::Additionally, our view of the main page is that it serves as a showcase of the project volunteers' reporting and editing standards. Because of this, it is not simply the latest news that gets posted on the main page. Instead, we feature reports where volunteers actually did fieldwork, visited the sites, and took news photos to write lengthy, detailed articles. Furthermore, all articles featured on the main page are audio news reports, meaning an audio file read aloud by a human voice without any mispronunciations or verbal errors is attached alongside the transcript. Some even go a step further and are presented as full video news report programs that we have produced.
:::Naturally, requiring both high-quality reporting and strict consistency between the Chinese character and Latin alphabet versions makes maintaining updates on the main page objectively difficult. Our intent for the main page is to give people an understanding of the editorial style and quality standards of this incubator project as much as possible, so we do not aggressively push for rapid updates there. However, this does not mean there are no newer news articles within the project. [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 06:29, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
::Hello Victoria,
::Thank you for your clarification. I appreciate the assurance that, the content &quot;wouldn't be lost.&quot; I believe this is extremely important because it directly affects the volunteers' trust in Wikimedia. Many newsletters from Mindong Wikinews have been cited and linked on social media via their URLs. Regardless of the final outcome, keeping these URLs accessible means that the past efforts of the Mindong language community will have a chance to be remembered. [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 06:41, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
:[[Wn/tr/Ekrem İmamoğlu 13. cumhurbaşkanı seçildi]] is a spam page [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-25348-62|&amp;#126;2026-25348-62]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-25348-62|talk]]) 17:10, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
::+1, that should really fit the speedy deletion criteria. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 11:59, 12 May 2026 (UTC)

=== [[Wn/kk]], [[Wn/sah]], [[Wn/tt]] ===

These projects are already on Russian Wikinews [[Special:Contributions/151.135.197.56|151.135.197.56]] 13:47, 4 January 2025 (UTC)

:Tend to '''support deletion''' of Wn/kk per the [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Kazakh|rejected RFL]], which as only having little substubs before RFL rejection, there are merely no benefit for having a separate kk.wikinews. Eventually, it currently has '''[[Special:PrefixIndex/Wn/kk/|no pages]]'''. (Someone would say that there's [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Kazakh 2|second open RFL]], but its creator Bauka0625 didn't create anything except their own user page here)
:The later two were discussed [[Incubator:Requests_for_deletions/Archive/3#Wikinews_projects_in_languages_of_the_Russian_Federation|in 2019]] which result no consensus, of which Tatar Wikinews has its [[m:Requests for new languages/Wikinews Tatar|RFL verified as eligible]], I'm not sure whether there's really benefit for second trial of RFD em. --[[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 00:35, 5 January 2025 (UTC)

: {{Support}} I support the deletion of the projects as per the request. Besides that, these projects have never been active in the incubator since their creation.--[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|talk]]) 08:15, 5 January 2025 (UTC)
::@[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] The last Tatar one may be a sensitive question as, again, its RFL is verified as eligible, I contacted a user who voted keep in that 2019 DR, that has several contributions to [[Wq/tt]]. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 10:24, 8 January 2025 (UTC)
: &quot;Delete&quot; (in scare quotes because no use of the MediaWiki deletion functionality is involved here - the page will really be replaced with a pointer) [[wn/kk]] as empty. Delete [[wn/sah]], which only contains a main page and no other content. Inclined to delete [[wn/tt]], which only contains a Main Page and one news article from 2020, as well, but not as strongly convinced. In any case these can be recreated if there's a movement to develop the project outside of Russian Wikinews. 
: Once these are deleted, we need to decide what to do with the domain names https://kk.wikinews.org, https://sah.wikinews.org, https://tt.wikinews.org.
:: Inclined to redirect https://tt.wikinews.org -&gt; https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82, https://sah.wikinews.org -&gt; https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D1%80%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B9, but redirect https://kk.wikinews.org to https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C (the project page explaining Russian Wikinews' multilingual initiative) since there isn't even a Kazakh Main Page. Although even the first two are very dead. And for all three domains redirect https://tt.wikinews.org/wiki/foo -&gt; https://ru.wikinews.org/wiki/Foo. [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|talk]]) 20:03, 12 January 2025 (UTC)
::@[[User:Pppery|Pppery]] I think for 3rd one, once we indeed gain consensus to delete, we might need to discuss with langcom members on whether its RFL's eligible status should be revoked. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 03:42, 13 January 2025 (UTC)
::: The project should remain in-theory eligible. I'm effectively saying to do a [[w:WP:Soft deletion|soft delete]] - delete the nearly-empty test currently there without prejudice against a new movement for starting a test if one forms. [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|talk]]) 03:43, 13 January 2025 (UTC)
::::@[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]]: As you're most likely supporting to keep such &quot;tocreate portal pages&quot;, do you have time on Pppery's suggestions above? [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 04:57, 12 July 2025 (UTC)
::::Anyway, it looks like the member who marked Tatar Wikinews request eligible [[m:User_talk:Jon_Harald_Søby#Consider_cancelling_eligibility_of_Wikinews_Tatar?|doesn't agree]] to re-consider it should be revoked or not. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 05:01, 12 July 2025 (UTC)
:::::If they are already present on Wn/ru, then at least, they should link to their respective pages on ru.wikinews. --[[User:Ooswesthoesbes|OWTB]] ([[User talk:Ooswesthoesbes|talk]]) 06:17, 12 July 2025 (UTC)
::::::Looks like the nominator already did so. [[User:Liuxinyu970226|Liuxinyu970226]] ([[User talk:Liuxinyu970226|talk]]) 07:53, 12 July 2025 (UTC)
*'''Delete''' Per [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard#Board_of_Trustees_Approves_Closure_of_Wikinews|board decision]], they are already failed, and should go to 3rd platform for further contributing. --[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-20743-13|&amp;#126;2026-20743-13]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-20743-13|talk]]) 07:46, 4 April 2026 (UTC)
*:{{Oppose}} Soft-closure and archive. ~ [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 00:32, 9 May 2026 (UTC)
*::@[[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] The entire projects were created on other wikis, why archive here? Make discussion branches? That's really hassle for citing. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 11:54, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
*:::Why not keep with soft redirections? But, yes, I'm not really opposite it, however should let the local community speak up maybe other russian contributors as well. [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 12:50, 12 May 2026 (UTC)

:{{Oppose}} all of the above. You should first ask one of the ru-Wikinews users (as me) to move these 4 pages. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 05:49, 19 April 2026 (UTC)

I have moved all useful Tatar and Kazakh content along with Yakut mainpage, and I'm asking the Incubator administrators to help me complete the migration:
# Delete all content of [[Wn/tt]] and [[Wn/kk]]
# Move all of the templates with redirects (~30) in [[Wn/sah]] &lt;u&gt;with prefixes, under their current names&lt;/u&gt; to Russian Wikinews. I can't do it myself, because importing to Wikinews from Incubator is not allowed, local sysops cannot import pages from Incubator. In the edit description, would be good to specify the contributors who created the template and the CC-BY-SA license (because Russian Wikinews use CC-BY-2.5).
# Place stubs from [[User:Таёжный лес/news]] on [[Wn/evn]] (another one language version hosted in ruWN), [[Wn/kk]], [[Wn/tt]], [[Wn/sah]] respectively. 
[[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 11:30, 19 April 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ruwikinews, as well as other Wikinews with official subdomains, are being discussed on [[m:Migration_of_Wikinews_and_future_hosts#Russian_Wikinews|future migration targets]], so I don't know why 3rd is still needed. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 02:30, 20 April 2026 (UTC)
::Right, along with other Wikinews, including projects in Incubator. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 03:44, 20 April 2026 (UTC)
:::Just note: Wn/evn is now deleted. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-36425-52|&amp;#126;2026-36425-52]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-36425-52|talk]]) 04:50, 23 June 2026 (UTC)

=== Empty Wikinews test projects ===
These Wikinews test projects contain no pages or only main pages:
[[Wn/ady]], [[Wn/ain]], [[Wn/arz]], [[Wn/bew]], [[Wn/bgn]], [[Wn/brh]], [[Wn/ccp]], [[Wn/ceb]], [[Wn/cnh]], [[Wn/ctg]], [[Wn/cy]], [[Wn/ddo]], [[Wn/dlg]], [[Wn/dtp]], [[Wn/dv]], [[Wn/dz]], [[Wn/ee]], [[Wn/ff]], [[Wn/fur]], [[Wn/ga]], [[Wn/gag]], [[Wn/gd]], [[Wn/gl]], [[Wn/gu]], [[Wn/hif]], [[Wn/hnd]], [[Wn/ie]], [[Wn/jax]], [[Wn/jbo]], [[Wn/jje]], [[Wn/kbd]], [[Wn/kip]], [[Wn/kjh]], [[Wn/kk]], [[Wn/kl]], [[Wn/km]], [[Wn/kn]], [[Wn/ks]], [[Wn/ku]], [[Wn/ky]], [[Wn/lg]], [[Wn/lo]], [[Wn/min]], [[Wn/mn]], [[Wn/mnw]], [[Wn/mr]], [[Wn/mrh]], [[Wn/my]], [[Wn/nrm]], [[Wn/nv]], [[Wn/oc]], [[Wn/om]], [[Wn/os]], [[Wn/pcm]], [[Wn/phr]], [[Wn/rw]], [[Wn/sah]], [[Wn/sco]], [[Wn/so]], [[Wn/tly]], [[Wn/trv]], [[Wn/ts]], [[Wn/tt]], [[Wn/tum]], [[Wn/tw]], [[Wn/vec]], [[Wn/wal]], [[Wn/yi]], [[Wn/zu]]
[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-21280-06|&amp;#126;2026-21280-06]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-21280-06|talk]]) 09:25, 7 April 2026 (UTC)

:False about Wn/tt. I don't see any problem with a test project having at least one page written in a language, even if it's just a mainpage. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 04:21, 8 April 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] This is already being discussed on the section above. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 23:06, 18 April 2026 (UTC)
:Probably [[Wn/als]], [[Wn/ang]], [[Wn/ba]] and [[Wn/bar]] can also be ditto opinions. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 23:10, 18 April 2026 (UTC)
::als, ba, and bar document where the corresponding projects are, and ang puts up a deletion notice. I don't see why we should delete them. [[User:魔琴|魔琴]] ([[User talk:魔琴|talk]]) 21:49, 29 April 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:魔琴|魔琴]] Where are benefits to keep such semi-redirect to closed projects? Those &quot;projects&quot; are having no pages useful, deletion of them should potentially be feel free and without prejudice, as like how we are plugging power sockets. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 15:02, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
::::Redirects are cheap. [[User:魔琴|魔琴]] ([[User talk:魔琴|talk]]) 15:05, 7 May 2026 (UTC)
:::::@[[User:魔琴|魔琴]] That will only result unnecessary discussion branches which can really stuck citation purposes, that said, [[w:Don't be a jerk|no need to leave such redirects to jerk pages]]/ [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 11:55, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
::Just soft close those pages, its not hard. It's nothing [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 12:52, 12 May 2026 (UTC)

* {{oppose}} all requests above. Cause this doesn’t even matter if the consensus reach to keep or delete, as the board already decided to close the project. If the board ask us delete all tests, we'll delete them.🪶-[[User:Tanbiruzzaman|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:monospace;color:#006400;letter-spacing:1px;&quot;&gt;TΛNBIRUZZΛMΛN&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Tanbiruzzaman|💬]]) 01:57, 19 April 2026 (UTC)
*:bew and ks are already deleted. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 22:58, 22 April 2026 (UTC)

:Suggest to '''delete''' those with entirely no subpages, e.g. [[Wn/my]], these can be feel free to go without prejudice. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 04:00, 19 April 2026 (UTC)
:{{Oppose}} [[Wn/nrm]] because of special code. {{Oppose}} [[Wn/kk]], [[Wn/sah]], and [[Wn/tt]] because we may need to mention [[:n:ru:Викиновости:Multilingualism|Russosphere Multilingual Wikinews project]] on their portals. --[[User:魔琴|魔琴]] ([[User talk:魔琴|talk]]) 21:52, 29 April 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:魔琴|魔琴]] Russian Wikinews is currently discussing the target of migration, see details [[m:Migration_of_Wikinews_and_future_hosts#Russian_Wikinews|here]]. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 17:09, 1 May 2026 (UTC)

* {{oppose}} First, we clearly need redirects etc.; e.g. if the Incubator cannot have interested contributors taking a look, then there's no way forward for the whole site, might consider a soft closure as well(no lol). Second, this actually brings no real benefit. Third, a soft closure decision points to soft closure, also the history of Wikimedia movement sites is not a have or not have. Wikinews(pages) have already been soft-closed now, and anyway that is a done deal. ~ [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 14:23, 8 May 2026 (UTC)

=== [[Wn/ms]] ===
I need clarification regarding the closure of Malay Wikinews. Will administrators on Wikimedia Incubator mass-delete all the pages associated with Malay Wikinews, given that there are currently a total of 1162 pages (including categories, templates, talk pages, and redirects) based on [https://meta.toolforge.org/catanalysis/index.php?cat=0&amp;title=Wn/ms&amp;wiki=incubatorwiki the statistics on this page]? Or will the community be given the option to move/archive these pages elsewhere (such as Miraheze, or maybe one of the Malay Wikimedia projects with new namespace, or perhaps separate toolforge project)? [[User:Hakimi97|Hakimi97]] ([[User talk:Hakimi97|talk]]) 05:08, 19 April 2026 (UTC)

:I will tag active Malay Wikinews contributors such as @[[User:Stress 043|Stress 043]], @[[User:26 Ramadan|26 Ramadan]], @[[User:EmpAhmadK|EmpAhmadK]], @[[User:Izington|Izington]], @[[User:Rulwarih|Rulwarih]], @[[User:Jeluang Terluang|Jeluang Terluang]], @[[User:SNN95|SNN95]], @[[User:Zazamental|Zazamental]], @[[User:Wiki Farazi|Wiki Farazi]], @[[User:Adikhebat|Adikhebat]], @[[User:Tofeiku|Tofeiku]], @[[User:Song GK|Song GK]], @[[User:Ceball1923|Ceball1923]], @[[User:Niduzzi|Niduzzi]] regarding this. They have the right to know where their contributions would go, and worst comes to worst, send their final goodbye to their content. [[User:Hakimi97|Hakimi97]] ([[User talk:Hakimi97|talk]]) 05:13, 19 April 2026 (UTC)
::Actually, with the exception of blocked users e.g. Zazamental (and some who are inactive for at least 2 years), I already posted noticement on their talk pages this morning. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 05:20, 19 April 2026 (UTC)
:As someone who has been very hopeful and working a lot on the release of Malay Wikinews since 2020, it is definitely upsetting to see the years of work wasted, especially with the recent creation of the news header template and all the work that the Malaysian community put for more original reports on the ground that also helped to contribute to other projects such as Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons. I would suggest that even if Wikinews is no longer supported, the local communities on incubator should have the autonomy to continue running their own Wikinews (and any other projects if they also get shut down) afterwards on Incubator as it barely costs anything for the Foundation to support.
:The initiatives taken by the Malaysian community such as to get the media pass to be the first to report on the iPhone 17 launch and have pictures uploaded to commons cannot be ignored. Even other news occassionally refers to the Malay Wikinews for their report, such as when the new Kamus Dewan Perdana website was announced, where the Malay tech news [https://amanz.my/2025541529 directly cited Wikinews' original report] of the announcement from Dewan Bahasa.
:If local communities are able to bring Wikinews to greater heights, nobody should be able to stop them. At least let us operate our projects on the Incubator even if it will never make it to its full stage, it's better than shutting it down entirely. [[User:EmpAhmadK|EmpAhmadK]] ([[User talk:EmpAhmadK|talk]]) 06:33, 19 April 2026 (UTC)
:: Hello [[user:Hakimi97|Hakimi97]] and [[user:EmpAhmadK|EmpAhmadK]], I don't believe any pages will be deleted, at most made read-only.  Existing URLs should continue to work. There are also community plans to [[m:Migration of Wikinews and future hosts|migrate Wikinews to a new host]] which could include interested active incubator languages. (You may want to comment there.) So no work to date should be wasted. [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 19:50, 21 April 2026 (UTC)
:::I don't think that it is possible for Malay Wikinews to be moved together with those established language editions of Wikinews, given that the Malay Wikinews has not even graduated from the Incubator before the closure of the Wikinews being announced. [[User:Hakimi97|Hakimi97]] ([[User talk:Hakimi97|talk]]) 20:15, 21 April 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:Sj|Sj]] Maybe [[Wn/tr]] has really benefits for losing instead of archiving due to its totally spam subpages. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 12:01, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
::First, I believe that Malay Wikinews will absolutely not be deleted; another key aspect of soft closure is proper preservation. Second, you are welcome to continue following future developments related to Wikinews and participate in related discussions, perhaps join back in again! ~ [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 00:30, 9 May 2026 (UTC)
:Sorry for being inactive for quite some time. When I first came across Malay Wikinews back in 2024, it had roughly 300 articles. Seeing that number grow to over 600 today is a significant achievement, especially given the very small number of active contributors.
:Realistically, awareness of Wikinews is quite low, and even fewer people know about the Malay edition. For this reason, the Board's decision to close the project is understandable, and I accept the archival of the Malay site. However, I completely empathize with the contributors who might feel frustrated by this decision. They invested a great deal of time and effort into producing original reporting and photography, and their disappointment is completely valid.
:Ultimately, life goes on, and the broader Wikimedia movement will continue to move forward. Free knowledge truly comes with a hefty price. [[User:Stress 043|Stress 043]] ([[User talk:Stress 043|talk]]) 15:45, 24 May 2026 (UTC)
::That being said, many communities are still going, and we welcome you to join us moving forward or stopping together. ~ [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 23:00, 24 May 2026 (UTC)

=== [[Wn/cdo]] ===

Following the recent news regarding the Wikinews closures, the Mindong (cdo) community has discussed our next steps. With the explicit support of our local administrators, we plan to migrate our Wikinews test project to the Mindong Wikipedia (cdo.wikipedia.org) and continue operating it there as a dedicated sub-project.

To ensure that the years of hard work by our contributors are preserved and that proper attribution is maintained, we need to perform a full import. Therefore, I am requesting a complete dump—including full edit histories—for all pages under the Wn/cdo/ prefix.

For context, our community has already prepared the necessary namespace mapping plan for the target wiki:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Incubator Path !! Target path on cdo.wikipedia
|-
| Wn/cdo/xxx || Report:xxx
|-
| Talk:Wn/cdo/xxx || Report_talk:xxx
|-
| Wn/cdo/Help:xxx || Help:xxx
|-
| Wn/cdo/Wikinews:xxx || WN:xxx
|-
| Talk:Wn/cdo/Wikinews:xxx || WN_talk:xxx
|-
| Category:Wn/cdo/xxx || Category:Wn/cdo/xxx
|-
| Template:Wn/cdo/xxx || Template:Wn/cdo/xxx
|-
| Module:Wn/cdo/xxx || Module:Wn/cdo/xxx
|-
| Module_talk:Wn/cdo/xxx || Module_talk:Wn/cdo/xxx
|}

Could an administrator or someone with the necessary access please assist us in generating this export? --[[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 05:30, 25 April 2026 (UTC)

:You need to file a request at [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/edit/form/1/?tags=wikimedia-site-requests phabricator] for those namespace creation. 🪶-[[User:Tanbiruzzaman|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:monospace;color:#006400;letter-spacing:1px;&quot;&gt;TΛNBIRUZZΛMΛN&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Tanbiruzzaman|💬]]) 05:46, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
::Thank you for the information. Do we need the Phabricator request for the namespaces to be approved and implemented first, or can the data dump and import happen in parallel? [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 06:44, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
::[[phab:T424413]] has been created. [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 07:11, 25 April 2026 (UTC)
:Really support this constructive decision by the local community. Keep it up! ~ [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 00:31, 9 May 2026 (UTC)

I would recommend not creating new namespaces (that makes archiving and discovery much harder, especially for a small number of pages) unless necessary.  You can more easily map this as follows, with no new namespaces needed.  Also it's better for the official page title to be a full &quot;wikinews&quot; rather than an abbreviation &quot;WN&quot; again for searchability and readability. [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 12:59, 28 April 2026 (UTC)

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Incubator Path !! Target path on cdo.wikipedia
|-
| Wn/cdo/xxx || Project:Reports/xxx
|-
| Wn/cdo/Wikinews:xxx || Project:Wikinews/xxx
|}
:Thank you for your constructive suggestion.
:From my understanding, requesting and creating new namespaces is actually a separate matter from importing the news articles and their edit histories from the Incubator. (I also pointed this out during our internal discussions within the local community, and the local Wikipedia administrator agrees with this as well.)
:For the import process itself, I think using the target paths you suggested works perfectly. As for creating new namespaces, it might take a very long time due to technical or other reasons, or it might not even be implemented at all. However, this will not affect the continued operation of the local community's news project.
:How should we move forward with the export and import process? [[User:Davidzdh|Davidzdh]] ([[User talk:Davidzdh|talk]]) 09:11, 25 May 2026 (UTC)

=== Archive all ===

It should be based on full archival as the standard. Since the closure component of the soft-close has already been applied to the various Incubator sites, its archival component should also be applied here. 

and For Incubator versions with communities by the way, they have always been part of the global Wikinews community, and they are also welcome to take part in future contributions and discussions. ~ [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 13:47, 8 May 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] I don't think empty ones e.g. [[Wn/my]] should also be &quot;archived&quot;, since there are eventually no projects under this prefix, such empty &quot;projects&quot; should feel free to be deleted. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 11:51, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
::The main thing is, deleting a one page doesn't do any good, and since it's already been soft-closed, the process isn't exactly fair. And since there's no negative impact anyway, I guess it's fine to just keep it. But, not really impact much thing [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 12:43, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] But keeping such &quot;null project&quot;s, on the other hand, can really mislead users to consider starting them even after 4 May, to which those are no longer allowed to active in any circumstances, that will only cause unnecessary unprotect requests which are also unfair for the administrators. Due to really existing negative impact in the near future, I suggest that we can exclude such empty ones from archival by early-bird deletion, that's the correct way with no hurts, not keeping, this way is really hurting future new users. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 05:14, 13 May 2026 (UTC)
::::I understand your concerns, but they are unnecessary. Enough explanation is enough. If you think like that, then all soft shutdown sites would have this problem, which is impossible. [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 11:04, 13 May 2026 (UTC)
:::::@[[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] I don't think so, it's unable to guess what the new users really wanna do, if and when they asked for unprotect, are you really able to do such &quot;enough explanation&quot;s? [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-38002-61|&amp;#126;2026-38002-61]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-38002-61|talk]]) 04:09, 3 July 2026 (UTC)
:@[[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] Anyway, I suggest that we can exclude one from your archival proposal: Turkish ([[Wn/tr]]) as someone else pointed above, there are really nothing but spam pages under Wn/tr prefix. Presumably, that's already a scandal of Incubator. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 11:52, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
::Yeah If there truly is an extremely exceptional incubator version that cannot be resolved through cleanup and has a significant negative impact, then of course it is open to discuss, I won't be opposite. [[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 12:39, 12 May 2026 (UTC)

=== [[Wn/tr]] ===
Since someone pointed above, I suggest that even we are considering to archive all Wikinews test projects without deletion, but this Turkish one should really be excluded from archival, and should consider '''deleting all pages''', and with explaination to '''direct to either tr.wikipedia or Miraheze/Fandom...''' for future news contributions, due to '''full of spam-only pages, include the mainpage'''. --'''[[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 11:24, 13 May 2026 (UTC)'''

== [[Wy/ssh]] ==

not in shihhi arabic  [[User:Almajidy|&lt;b style=&quot;background:#3e67b3;color:#FFF;border:4pxsolid #3e67b3;border-radius:25px;padding:3px 10px;font:20px 'Brush Script MT';&quot;&gt;'''Almajidy'''&lt;/b&gt;]]&lt;b style=&quot;font-size:7px;&quot;&gt;【Talk】&lt;/b&gt; 07:36, 11 May 2026 (UTC)

:Seems already deleted, close? [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 12:00, 12 May 2026 (UTC)
{{Section resolved|1=[[User:Ninjastrikers|&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant:small-caps;color:blue;font-family:century gothic;&quot;&gt;Ninja&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;✮&lt;/span&gt;Strikers&lt;/span&gt;]] &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:Red;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;«[[User talk:Ninjastrikers|☎]]»&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 14:32, 3 July 2026 (UTC)}}

== [[Wb/ary]], [[Wp/ars]], [[Wt/acm]], [[Wy/acm]], [[Wp/ayl]], [[Wq/ary]], [[Wp/afb]] ==

one page wiki test projects [[User:Almajidy|&lt;b style=&quot;background:#3e67b3;color:#FFF;border:4pxsolid #3e67b3;border-radius:25px;padding:3px 10px;font:20px 'Brush Script MT';&quot;&gt;'''Almajidy'''&lt;/b&gt;]]&lt;b style=&quot;font-size:7px;&quot;&gt;【Talk】&lt;/b&gt; 12:10, 12 May 2026 (UTC)

:Notifyed two users that were active on some of above. [[Special:Contributions/&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|&amp;#126;2026-23926-28]] ([[User talk:&amp;#126;2026-23926-28|talk]]) 05:07, 13 May 2026 (UTC)
:Wp/afb has multiple pages. [[User:JJUPLOADS22|JJUPLOADS22]] ([[User talk:JJUPLOADS22|talk]]) 19:01, 31 May 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wp/xpq]] ==

There's no one encyclopedic article in this wiki, only images and two interrogative sentences in [[Wp/xpq/Shwi mitukushq]]. Mohegan-Pequot is actually a dead language. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 12:40, 30 August 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wp/mjy]] ==

No encyclopedic content: articles contain nothing except title and single image. Mahican language has no speakers. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 13:20, 30 August 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wp/xzh]] ==

Unactive test in an ancient language. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 05:08, 1 September 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wt/mxi]] ==

Unactive test in a historical language. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 05:08, 1 September 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wy/bxr]] ==

The single page, being abandoned for 5 years, contains only English text. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 14:00, 1 September 2026 (UTC)

== Tungusic Wiktionaries ==
[[Wt/neg]], [[Wt/ude]], [[Wt/evn]], [[Wt/ulc]], [[Wt/oaa]], [[Wt/gld]]. No content on these languages except from the described words. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 17:39, 2 September 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wq/jje]] ==

No actual content since creation. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 14:32, 3 September 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wy/jje]] ==

Same as [[Wq/jje]]. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 14:37, 3 September 2026 (UTC)

== [[Wb/udm]] ==

LTA's vandalism. [[User:Таёжный лес|Таёжный лес]] ([[User talk:Таёжный лес|talk]]) 14:54, 4 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>2wp3ip6kbbmkndmyc6fensojth9ix1z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/abka</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3014093</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304962</id>
      <parentid>7288030</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:30:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304962</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="36858" sha1="93x629dl71s0aarp4e3sahmpqaljd2s" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:A_blue_sky8.JPG|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ|ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᠨ|ᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ|ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
᠒᠄ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳᠩᡤᡝ ᡝᠸᠠᠩᡤᡝᠯᡳ᠇ᡠᠮ᠈ ᡳᠴᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ᠈ ᠮᠠᡨᡨᡝᡳ  ᡳ ᡠᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ᠈ ᠖:᠙-᠖:᠑᠐᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠸᡝ|ᠰᡠᠸᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠮᡠ|ᡩᠠᠮᡠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡨᡨᡠ|ᡨᡠᡨᡨᡠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᡳᠰᡠ|ᠪᠠᡳᠰᡠ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ|ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡠᠰᡝᡳ|ᠮᡠᠰᡝᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠴᠣᠯᠣ|ᠴᠣᠯᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠩᡤᡠᠯᡝᠮᡝ|ᡤᡳᠩᡤᡠᠯᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᡨᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠩᡤᡝᠯᡝᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᡝᠩᡤᡝᠯᡝᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠰᡝ|ᡥᡝᠰᡝ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡵᡝ|ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ|ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᠠ|ᠨᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
᠓᠄ ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ  ᡳ ᠶᠠᡵᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡴᠣᠣᠯᡳ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠮᡝ|ᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ|ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᡠᡳ|ᠵᡠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ|ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ|ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᡝ|ᠰᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠᠪᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠᠪᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡳ|ᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠨᡝᡶᡳ|ᡤᡝᠨᡝᡶᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ|ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ|ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᡝ|ᠰᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᡶᡳ|ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᡶᡳ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]'''[[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᡠᠯᡳᠩᡤᠠᡳ|ᡶᡠᠯᡳᠩᡤᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨ|ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡶᡳ|ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡶᡳ]]᠈&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡳᠯᡥᡳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠐᠘)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠑᠗)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠔᠓)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠗᠒)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠘᠐)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑''' &lt;br&gt;
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ ᠪᠠ᠉&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡧᡝᠨ ᡴᡳ ᠯᡳᠶᠠᠩ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠖᠘᠓᠄ ᠒᠘ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)
::*ᡧᡝᠨ ᡴᡳ ᠯᡳᠶᠠᠩ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠮᡠᡴᡩᡝᠨ᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠘᠄ ᠒᠕ (ᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠵᡳᠰᡝ ᠑᠖᠘᠓ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ)

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᡥᠣᡵᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠶᠠᠩᠰᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡩᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡶᡳ ᡧᡠᠸᠠᠰᡝᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠐᠘᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠖]᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠑᠗᠄ ᠑ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉ モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠙-᠐᠑]᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᡨᡝᠩᡤᡝᡵᡳ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠔᠓᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠙-᠐᠑]᠉

:*ᠵᡠᠸᡝᠨᡨᡠ᠈ ᡝᠮᡠ ᠪᡝ ᡨᠠᠴᡳᡶᡳ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᠠᡶᡠᡴᡳᠶᠠᡵᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠔᠖᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠖]᠉
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ|ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ|ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ|ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠨ|ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠈
::[[Wt/mnc/氣|氣]][[Wt/mnc/之|之]][[Wt/mnc/輕|輕]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/上浮|上浮]][[Wt/mnc/者|者]][[Wt/mnc/爲|爲]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄  ᠑᠗᠗᠑ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ ᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠑᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉

:*ᠠᡵᠠᠰᡳ ᠰᠠᡵᠠ ᡠᠨᡩᡝ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡴᡠᠯᡠᠨ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ?᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;آڛمان‬&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡩᠠᠪᡴᡡᡵᡳ ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳ ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ?᠄ ᠒᠉
::*ᡠᡴᠰᡠᡵᠠᡳ ᠴᡠᠪᠠᠨᡧᡝ ᡨᡠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᡝ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;آڛمان‬&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡠᠪᡠ᠈ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡤᡠᡤᡠᠩ ᠪᡡ ᡠ ᠶᡠᠸᠠᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ᠄ ᠑᠙᠕᠗᠄ ᠒᠉

:*Захаров И.И.᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ/абка&quot;᠈ Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]᠉ Санкт-Петербург᠄ Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ᠄ ᠑᠘᠗᠕᠄ ᠒᠔᠉

:*渡部薫太郎᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 訂正滿洲語文典/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠣᠣᠯᡳ[M]᠉ 大阪᠄ 大阪東洋學會᠄ ᠑᠙᠒᠖᠄ ᠓᠓᠉

:*金得榥᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 기초 滿韓辭典/ᡩᠠᡨᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠰᠣᠯᡥᠣ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 서울᠄ 대지문화사᠄ ᠑᠙᠕᠐᠄ ᠑᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘᠘᠙᠗᠑᠕᠕᠑᠗᠐᠗᠉

:*Haenisch E.᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]᠉ Leipzig᠄ VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig᠄ ᠑᠙᠖᠑᠄ ᠒᠖᠉ Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠔]᠉

:*山本謙吾᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]᠉ 東京᠄ 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所᠄ ᠑᠙᠖᠙᠄ ᠙᠙᠉

:*羽田亨᠉ &quot;Abka&quot;᠈ 滿和辭典/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡰᡳ ᠪᡝᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 東京᠄ 国書刊行会᠄ ᠑᠙᠗᠒᠄ ᠑᠉

:*Norman J.᠉ &quot;ABKA&quot;᠈ A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]᠉ Washington᠄ University of Washington Press᠄ ᠑᠙᠗᠘᠄ ᠓᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠐-᠒᠙᠕-᠙᠕᠕᠗᠔-᠒᠉

:*刘厚生᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; Abka&quot;᠈ 简明满汉辞典/ᡧᠣᠯᠣᡴᠣᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 开封᠄ 河南大学出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠘᠘᠄ ᠑᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠘᠑᠐᠑᠘-᠐᠕᠒-᠕᠉

:*安双成᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; Abka&quot;᠈ 满汉大辞典/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 沈阳᠄ 辽宁民族出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠙᠓᠄ ᠒᠔᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘᠗᠕᠔᠙᠗᠐᠙᠙᠓᠙᠉

:*胡增益᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; abka¹&quot;᠈ 新满汉大词典/ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 乌鲁木齐᠄ 新疆人民出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠙᠔᠄ ᠒᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠒᠒᠘-᠐᠒᠔᠐᠔-᠔᠉

:*河内良弘᠈ 清瀬義三郎則府᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 満洲語文語入門[M]᠉ 京都᠄ 京都大学学術出版会᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠒᠄ ᠔᠉

:*刘厚生᠉ &quot;天&quot;᠈ 汉满辞典/ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 北京᠄ 民族出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠔᠄ ᠕᠖᠖᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠑᠐᠕-᠐᠖᠓᠘᠖-᠖᠉

:*安双成᠉ &quot;天①&quot;᠈ 汉满大辞典/ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 沈阳᠄ 辽宁民族出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠗᠄ ᠑᠐᠒᠓᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠘᠐᠗᠒᠒-᠑᠖᠐-᠙᠉

:*戴光宇᠉ 三家子满语语音研究[M]᠉ 北京᠄ 北京大学出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠒᠄ ᠕᠙᠈ ᠑᠐᠕᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠓᠐᠑-᠒᠑᠒᠖᠘-᠔᠉

:*Norman J᠉ &quot;abka&quot;᠈ A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]᠉ Cambridge᠈ Massachusetts᠄ Harvard University Press᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠓᠄ ᠒᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠑-᠖᠘᠔᠑᠗-᠐᠖᠙-᠒᠉

:*敖拉·毕力格᠉ &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;᠈ 蒙汉满词典/ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 赤峰᠄ 内蒙古科学技术出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠖᠄ ᠑᠐᠙᠙᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠕᠓᠘᠐-᠒᠖᠗᠗-᠑᠉

:*贺忠德᠉ &quot;天 ❶&quot;᠈ 汉锡词典/ᠨᡞᡣᠠᠨ ᠰᡞᠪᡝ ᡤᡞᠰᡠᠨ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡣᡠ ᠪᡞᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 乌鲁木齐᠄ 新疆人民出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠖᠄ ᠑᠗᠓᠖᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠒᠒᠘-᠑᠙᠒᠐᠗-᠖᠉

:*王娣᠉ 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]᠉ 哈尔滨᠄ 哈尔滨工程大学出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠒᠑᠄ ᠒᠔᠗᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠕᠖᠖᠑-᠓᠓᠒᠔-᠓᠉
}}


=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''abka'''
:abkai durun: '''abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''abka'''

=== mudan === 
*[[Wp/mnc/manju gisun|manju gisun]]:
**([[Wp/mnc/ilan boo|ilan boo]]) IPA: /ˈɑvqʰə/, /ˈɑpqʰə/
**([[Wp/mnc/sahaliyan ula (hoton)|sahaliyan ula]]) IPA: /ɑbɡɑ/
**([[Wp/mnc/beging|beging]]) IPA: /abkˈa/
*(''bala gisun'') IPA: /apˈkˈa/
*([[Wp/mnc/alcuka gisun|alcuka gisun]]) IPA: /avkˈa/

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/den|den]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehengge|elbehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::very high ten.thousand thing ACC cover-PERF.PTCP-NOMI ACC '''sky''' say-IMPF.INDI
# 
#:enduringge ewanggeli'um, ice hese, mattei -i ulaha songkoi, 6:9-6:10:
#:《聖經·新約全書·馬太福音》第六章第九節-第六章第十節
#::[[Wt/mnc/suwe|suwe]] [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] [[Wt/mnc/tuttu|tuttu]] [[Wt/mnc/jalbarime|jalbarime]] [[Wt/mnc/baisu|baisu]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/bisire|bisire]] [[Wt/mnc/musei|musei]] [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/colo|colo]] [[Wt/mnc/gingguleme|gingguleme]] [[Wt/mnc/tukiyekini|tukiyekini]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/enggelenjikini|enggelenjikini]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/hese|hese]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/yabubure|yabubure]] [[Wt/mnc/songkoi|songkoi]] [[Wt/mnc/na|na]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/yabubukini|yabubukini]].
#::2.PL only like.that pray-IMPF.CONV ask.for.IMP, '''heaven''' DAT be.IMPF.ADN 1.PL.INCL-GEN father father GEN title honor-IMPF.CONV praise-OPT father GEN state come-VEN-OPT father GEN edict '''heaven''' DAT perform-CAUS-IMPF.ADN according.to earth DAT perform-CAUS-OPT
# 
#:''manju -i yargiyan kooli'', ujui debtelin:
#:《滿洲實錄》卷一
#::[[Wt/mnc/eme|eme]] [[Wt/mnc/hendume|hendume]], [[Wt/mnc/jui|jui]] [[Wt/mnc/simbe|simbe]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/facuhūn|facuhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/dasame|dasame]] [[Wt/mnc/banjikini|banjikini]] [[Wt/mnc/seme|seme]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibuhabi|banjibuhabi]], [[Wt/mnc/si|si]] [[Wt/mnc/genefi|genefi]] [[Wt/mnc/facuhūn|facuhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/dasame|dasame]] [[Wt/mnc/toktobume|toktobume]] [[Wt/mnc/banji|banji]] [[Wt/mnc/seme|seme]] [[Wt/mnc/hendufi|hendufi]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/fulinggai|fulinggai]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibuha|banjibuha]] [[Wt/mnc/turgun|turgun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/giyan giyan -i|giyan giyan -i]] [[Wt/mnc/tacibufi|tacibufi]],
#::mother say-IMPF.CONV son 2.SG-ACC '''god''' disorder state ACC correct-IMPF.CONV live-OPT mean-IMPF.CONV give.birth.to-CAUS-PERF.CONCL 2.SG go-PERF.CONV disorder state ACC correct-IMPF.CONV pacify-CAUS-IMPF.CONV live.IMP mean-IMPF.CONV say-PERF.CONV '''god''' GEN lucky-GEN give.birth.to-CAUS-PERF.ADN reason ACC in.detail&lt;!--giyan giyan -i=in.detail--&gt; learn-CAUS-PERF.CONV[teach-PERF.CONV]&lt;!--tacimbi=learn-IMPF.CONCL; tacibumbi=learn-CAUS-IMPF.CONCL=teach-IMPF.CONCL; tacibufi=learn-CAUS-PERF.CONV=teach-PERF.CONV--&gt;
#::[[Wt/mnc/nikan gisun|nikan gisun]]: [[Wt/mnc/母|母]][[Wt/mnc/告|告]][[Wt/mnc/子|子]][[Wt/mnc/曰|曰]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''[[Wt/mnc/生|生]][[Wt/mnc/汝|汝]][[Wt/mnc/實|實]][[Wt/mnc/令|令]][[Wt/mnc/汝|汝]][[Wt/mnc/以|以]][[Wt/mnc/定|定]][[Wt/mnc/亂|亂]][[Wt/mnc/國|國]][[Wt/mnc/可|可]][[Wt/mnc/往|往]][[Wt/mnc/彼處|彼處]][[Wt/mnc/將|將]][[Wt/mnc/所|所]][[Wt/mnc/生|生]][[Wt/mnc/緣由|緣由]][[Wt/mnc/一一|一一]][[Wt/mnc/詳|詳]][[Wt/mnc/說|說]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1772): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'' (?): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (?): '''1''' 
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (?): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→

== sibe gisun == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci sibe hergen -i araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|ᠠᠪᡣᠠ}} (abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== sibe hergen === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}}

=== mudan === 
*IPA: /ˀafqaˑ/

===  gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}} (abka)
:1.

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

== aisilara bithe cagan ==
&lt;references /&gt;
*šen ki liyang. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]'''}}&quot;, ''daicing gurun -i yooni bithe'', uju debtelin[M]. beging: 1683: 28 (hashū).
:沈啓亮. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}&quot;, 大清全書.第一巻[M]. 北京: 京師宛羽齋刻本, 1683: 28(左).
:*沈启亮. 大清全书[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社, 2008: 25. (原刻本1683年)

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2025-08-26].
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻1: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1(右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2025-08-26]. 

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], beging: 1717: 1 (hashū). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2025-09-01].
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京: 1717: 1 (左). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2025-09-01].

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], beging: 1743: 1 (ici).  [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. 
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京:1743: 1 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. 

*juwentu. ''emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1746: 2 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. 
:肫圖. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 一學三貫清文鑑.卷1: 天文類[M/OL]. 北京: 1746: 2(右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. 
::[[Wt/mnc/sukdun|sukdun]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/weihuken|weihuken]] [[Wt/mnc/bolgo|bolgo]], [[Wt/mnc/wesihun|wesihun]] [[Wt/mnc/dekdehengge|dekdehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]],''
::[[Wt/mnc/氣|氣]][[Wt/mnc/之|之]][[Wt/mnc/輕|輕]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/上浮|上浮]][[Wt/mnc/者|者]][[Wt/mnc/爲|爲]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2(右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: 1771 ci aniya de folobuha bithe: 1771: 3 (hashū).
:清高宗弘歷敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 御製滿洲蒙古漢字三合切音清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 1771年刻本: 1771: 3(左).

*arasi sara unde. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'', kulun, ujui debtelin[M]. beging: ?: 1 (ici).
:佚名. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 四體合璧文鑑.乾卷.第1卷: 天文類1-1[M]. 北京: ?: 1(右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot;/ &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: dabkūri dorgi hoton de asarabuha bithe: ?: 2.
:清高宗弘歷敕撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, 御製五體清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 故宮博物院藏本: ?: 2.
:*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, uksurai cubanše tucibuhe. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui ubu[M]. beging: gugung bū u yuwan de asaraha: 1957: 2.
::清高宗弘歷敕撰. 民族出版社出版. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, 五體清文鑑.上冊[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 1957: 2.

*Захаров И И. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; абка&quot;, Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]. Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ: 1875: 24.

*渡部薫太郎. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 訂正滿洲語文典/dasaha manju gisun kooli[M]. 大阪: 大阪東洋學會: 1926: 33.

*金得榥. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 기초 滿韓辭典/datengge manju solho buleku bithe[M]. 서울: 대지문화사: 1950: 1. ISBN: 9788971551707.

*Haenisch E. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig: 1961: 26. [https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский] [2025-08-24]

*山本謙吾. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]. 東京: 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所: 1969: 99.

*羽田亨. &quot;Abka&quot;, 滿和辭典/manju ži ben gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 東京: 国書刊行会: 1972: 1.

*Norman J. &quot;ABKA&quot;, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]. Washington: University of Washington Press: 1978: 3. ISBN: 978-0-295-95574-2.

*刘厚生. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; Abka&quot;, 简明满汉辞典/šolokon manju nikan gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 开封: 河南大学出版社: 1988: 1. ISBN: 7-81018-052-5.

*安双成. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; Abka&quot;, 满汉大辞典/manju nikan yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 1993: 24. ISBN: 9787549709939.

*胡增益. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; abka¹&quot;, 新满汉大词典/ice manju nikan gisun kamcibuha buleku bithe (iche manzhu nikan gisun kamchibuha buleku bithe)[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 1994: 2. ISBN: 7-228-02404-4.

*河内良弘, 清瀬義三郎則府. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語文語入門[M]. 京都: 京都大学学術出版会: 2002: 4.

*刘厚生. &quot;天&quot;, 汉满辞典/nikan manju gisuni buleku bithe[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 2004: 566. ISBN: 7-105-06386-6.

*安双成. &quot;天①&quot;, 汉满大辞典/nikan manju yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 2007: 1023. ISBN: 978-7-80722-160-9.

*戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 59, 105. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.

*Norman J. &quot;abka&quot;, A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 2013: 2. ISBN: 978-1-68417-069-2.

*敖拉·毕力格. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;, 蒙汉满词典/monggo nikan manju buleku bithe[M]. 赤峰: 内蒙古科学技术出版社: 2016: 1099. ISBN: 978-7-5380-2677-1.

*贺忠德. &quot;天 ❶&quot;, 汉锡词典/nikan sibe gisun buleku bithe[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 2016: 1736. ISBN: 978-7-228-19207-6.

*王娣. 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学出版社: 2021: 247. ISBN: 978-7-5661-3324-3.

----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/daicing gurun -i yooni bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/daicing gurun -i yooni bithe, uju debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1717)|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1717), ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1743)|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1743), ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe, kulun, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gebsun|a]]</text>
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      <text bytes="37867" sha1="c28w03cl4bifio19vx2ir34z88xaprc" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:A_blue_sky8.JPG|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ|ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᠨ|ᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ|ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
᠒᠄ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳᠩᡤᡝ ᡝᠸᠠᠩᡤᡝᠯᡳ᠇ᡠᠮ᠈ ᡳᠴᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ᠈ ᠮᠠᡨᡨᡝᡳ  ᡳ ᡠᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ᠈ ᠖:᠙-᠖:᠑᠐᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠸᡝ|ᠰᡠᠸᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠮᡠ|ᡩᠠᠮᡠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡨᡨᡠ|ᡨᡠᡨᡨᡠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᡳᠰᡠ|ᠪᠠᡳᠰᡠ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ|ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡠᠰᡝᡳ|ᠮᡠᠰᡝᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠴᠣᠯᠣ|ᠴᠣᠯᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠩᡤᡠᠯᡝᠮᡝ|ᡤᡳᠩᡤᡠᠯᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᡨᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠩᡤᡝᠯᡝᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᡝᠩᡤᡝᠯᡝᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠰᡝ|ᡥᡝᠰᡝ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡵᡝ|ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ|ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᠠ|ᠨᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
᠓᠄ ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ  ᡳ ᠶᠠᡵᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡴᠣᠣᠯᡳ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠮᡝ|ᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ|ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᡠᡳ|ᠵᡠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ|ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ|ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᡝ|ᠰᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠᠪᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠᠪᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡳ|ᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠨᡝᡶᡳ|ᡤᡝᠨᡝᡶᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ|ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ|ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᡝ|ᠰᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᡶᡳ|ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᡶᡳ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]'''[[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᡠᠯᡳᠩᡤᠠᡳ|ᡶᡠᠯᡳᠩᡤᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨ|ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡶᡳ|ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡶᡳ]]᠈&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡳᠯᡥᡳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠐᠘)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠑᠗)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠔᠓)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠗᠒)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠘᠐)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑''' &lt;br&gt;
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ ᠪᠠ᠉&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡧᡝᠨ ᡴᡳ ᠯᡳᠶᠠᠩ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠖᠘᠓᠄ ᠒᠘ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)
::*ᡧᡝᠨ ᡴᡳ ᠯᡳᠶᠠᠩ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠮᡠᡴᡩᡝᠨ᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠘᠄ ᠒᠕ (ᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠵᡳᠰᡝ ᠑᠖᠘᠓ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ)

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᡥᠣᡵᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠶᠠᠩᠰᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡩᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡶᡳ ᡧᡠᠸᠠᠰᡝᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠐᠘᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠖]᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠑᠗᠄ ᠑ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉ モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠙-᠐᠑]᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᡨᡝᠩᡤᡝᡵᡳ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠔᠓᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠙-᠐᠑]᠉

:*ᠵᡠᠸᡝᠨᡨᡠ᠈ ᡝᠮᡠ ᠪᡝ ᡨᠠᠴᡳᡶᡳ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᠠᡶᡠᡴᡳᠶᠠᡵᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠔᠖᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠖]᠉
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ|ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ|ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ|ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠨ|ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠈
::[[Wt/mnc/氣|氣]][[Wt/mnc/之|之]][[Wt/mnc/輕|輕]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/上浮|上浮]][[Wt/mnc/者|者]][[Wt/mnc/爲|爲]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄  ᠑᠗᠗᠑ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ ᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠑᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉

:*ᠠᡵᠠᠰᡳ ᠰᠠᡵᠠ ᡠᠨᡩᡝ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡴᡠᠯᡠᠨ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ?᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;آڛمان‬&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡩᠠᠪᡴᡡᡵᡳ ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳ ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ?᠄ ᠒᠉
::*ᡠᡴᠰᡠᡵᠠᡳ ᠴᡠᠪᠠᠨᡧᡝ ᡨᡠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᡝ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;آڛمان‬&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡠᠪᡠ᠈ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡤᡠᡤᡠᠩ ᠪᡡ ᡠ ᠶᡠᠸᠠᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ᠄ ᠑᠙᠕᠗᠄ ᠒᠉

:*Захаров И.И.᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ/абка&quot;᠈ Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]᠉ Санкт-Петербург᠄ Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ᠄ ᠑᠘᠗᠕᠄ ᠒᠔᠉

:*渡部薫太郎᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 訂正滿洲語文典/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠣᠣᠯᡳ[M]᠉ 大阪᠄ 大阪東洋學會᠄ ᠑᠙᠒᠖᠄ ᠓᠓᠉

:*金得榥᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 기초 滿韓辭典/ᡩᠠᡨᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠰᠣᠯᡥᠣ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 서울᠄ 대지문화사᠄ ᠑᠙᠕᠐᠄ ᠑᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘᠘᠙᠗᠑᠕᠕᠑᠗᠐᠗᠉

:*Haenisch E.᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]᠉ Leipzig᠄ VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig᠄ ᠑᠙᠖᠑᠄ ᠒᠖᠉ Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠔]᠉

:*山本謙吾᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]᠉ 東京᠄ 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所᠄ ᠑᠙᠖᠙᠄ ᠙᠙᠉

:*羽田亨᠉ &quot;Abka&quot;᠈ 滿和辭典/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡰᡳ ᠪᡝᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 東京᠄ 国書刊行会᠄ ᠑᠙᠗᠒᠄ ᠑᠉

:*Norman J.᠉ &quot;ABKA&quot;᠈ A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]᠉ Washington᠄ University of Washington Press᠄ ᠑᠙᠗᠘᠄ ᠓᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠐-᠒᠙᠕-᠙᠕᠕᠗᠔-᠒᠉

:*刘厚生᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; Abka&quot;᠈ 简明满汉辞典/ᡧᠣᠯᠣᡴᠣᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 开封᠄ 河南大学出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠘᠘᠄ ᠑᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠘᠑᠐᠑᠘-᠐᠕᠒-᠕᠉

:*安双成᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; Abka&quot;᠈ 满汉大辞典/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 沈阳᠄ 辽宁民族出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠙᠓᠄ ᠒᠔᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘᠗᠕᠔᠙᠗᠐᠙᠙᠓᠙᠉

:*胡增益᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; abka¹&quot;᠈ 新满汉大词典/ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 乌鲁木齐᠄ 新疆人民出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠙᠔᠄ ᠒᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠒᠒᠘-᠐᠒᠔᠐᠔-᠔᠉

:*河内良弘᠈ 清瀬義三郎則府᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 満洲語文語入門[M]᠉ 京都᠄ 京都大学学術出版会᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠒᠄ ᠔᠉

:*刘厚生᠉ &quot;天&quot;᠈ 汉满辞典/ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 北京᠄ 民族出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠔᠄ ᠕᠖᠖᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠑᠐᠕-᠐᠖᠓᠘᠖-᠖᠉

:*安双成᠉ &quot;天①&quot;᠈ 汉满大辞典/ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 沈阳᠄ 辽宁民族出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠗᠄ ᠑᠐᠒᠓᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠘᠐᠗᠒᠒-᠑᠖᠐-᠙᠉

:*戴光宇᠉ 三家子满语语音研究[M]᠉ 北京᠄ 北京大学出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠒᠄ ᠕᠙᠈ ᠑᠐᠕᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠓᠐᠑-᠒᠑᠒᠖᠘-᠔᠉

:*Norman J᠉ &quot;abka&quot;᠈ A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]᠉ Cambridge᠈ Massachusetts᠄ Harvard University Press᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠓᠄ ᠒᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠑-᠖᠘᠔᠑᠗-᠐᠖᠙-᠒᠉

:*敖拉·毕力格᠉ &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;᠈ 蒙汉满词典/ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 赤峰᠄ 内蒙古科学技术出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠖᠄ ᠑᠐᠙᠙᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠕᠓᠘᠐-᠒᠖᠗᠗-᠑᠉

:*贺忠德᠉ &quot;天 ❶&quot;᠈ 汉锡词典/ᠨᡞᡣᠠᠨ ᠰᡞᠪᡝ ᡤᡞᠰᡠᠨ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡣᡠ ᠪᡞᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 乌鲁木齐᠄ 新疆人民出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠖᠄ ᠑᠗᠓᠖᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠒᠒᠘-᠑᠙᠒᠐᠗-᠖᠉

:*王娣᠉ 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]᠉ 哈尔滨᠄ 哈尔滨工程大学出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠒᠑᠄ ᠒᠔᠗᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠕᠖᠖᠑-᠓᠓᠒᠔-᠓᠉
}}


=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''abka'''
:abkai durun: '''abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''abka'''

=== mudan === 
*[[Wp/mnc/manju gisun|manju gisun]]:
**([[Wp/mnc/ilan boo|ilan boo]]) IPA: /ˈɑvqʰə/, /ˈɑpqʰə/
**([[Wp/mnc/sahaliyan ula (hoton)|sahaliyan ula]]) IPA: /ɑbɡɑ/
**([[Wp/mnc/beging|beging]]) IPA: /abkˈa/
*(''bala gisun'') IPA: /apˈkˈa/
*([[Wp/mnc/alcuka gisun|alcuka gisun]]) IPA: /avkˈa/

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/den|den]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehengge|elbehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. sing li [[Wt/mnc/bithede|bithede]], [[Wp/mnc/judzi|judzi]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/henduhengge|henduhengge]], '''abka''', [[Wt/mnc/in yang|in yang]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/a|a]] [[Wt/mnc/e|e]]&lt;/ref&gt;, [[Wt/mnc/sunja feten|sunja feten]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/wembume|wembume]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibumbi|banjibumbi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]]. [[Wt/mnc/luwen ioi|luwen ioi]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/leolen gisuren|leolen gisuren]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/bithede|bithede]], [[Wt/mnc/colgoropi|colgoropi]] [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/amba|amba]], [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] [[Wp/mnc/yoo han|yoo]] [[Wt/mnc/teherembi|teherembi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/den|den]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehengge|elbehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::very high ten.thousand thing ACC cover-PERF.PTCP-NOMI ACC '''sky''' say-IMPF.INDI
# 
#:enduringge ewanggeli'um, ice hese, mattei -i ulaha songkoi, 6:9-6:10:
#:《聖經·新約全書·馬太福音》第六章第九節-第六章第十節
#::[[Wt/mnc/suwe|suwe]] [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] [[Wt/mnc/tuttu|tuttu]] [[Wt/mnc/jalbarime|jalbarime]] [[Wt/mnc/baisu|baisu]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/bisire|bisire]] [[Wt/mnc/musei|musei]] [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/colo|colo]] [[Wt/mnc/gingguleme|gingguleme]] [[Wt/mnc/tukiyekini|tukiyekini]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/enggelenjikini|enggelenjikini]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/hese|hese]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/yabubure|yabubure]] [[Wt/mnc/songkoi|songkoi]] [[Wt/mnc/na|na]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/yabubukini|yabubukini]].
#::2.PL only like.that pray-IMPF.CONV ask.for.IMP, '''heaven''' DAT be.IMPF.ADN 1.PL.INCL-GEN father father GEN title honor-IMPF.CONV praise-OPT father GEN state come-VEN-OPT father GEN edict '''heaven''' DAT perform-CAUS-IMPF.ADN according.to earth DAT perform-CAUS-OPT
# 
#:''manju -i yargiyan kooli'', ujui debtelin:
#:《滿洲實錄》卷一
#::[[Wt/mnc/eme|eme]] [[Wt/mnc/hendume|hendume]], [[Wt/mnc/jui|jui]] [[Wt/mnc/simbe|simbe]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/facuhūn|facuhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/dasame|dasame]] [[Wt/mnc/banjikini|banjikini]] [[Wt/mnc/seme|seme]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibuhabi|banjibuhabi]], [[Wt/mnc/si|si]] [[Wt/mnc/genefi|genefi]] [[Wt/mnc/facuhūn|facuhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/dasame|dasame]] [[Wt/mnc/toktobume|toktobume]] [[Wt/mnc/banji|banji]] [[Wt/mnc/seme|seme]] [[Wt/mnc/hendufi|hendufi]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/fulinggai|fulinggai]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibuha|banjibuha]] [[Wt/mnc/turgun|turgun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/giyan giyan -i|giyan giyan -i]] [[Wt/mnc/tacibufi|tacibufi]],
#::mother say-IMPF.CONV son 2.SG-ACC '''god''' disorder state ACC correct-IMPF.CONV live-OPT mean-IMPF.CONV give.birth.to-CAUS-PERF.CONCL 2.SG go-PERF.CONV disorder state ACC correct-IMPF.CONV pacify-CAUS-IMPF.CONV live.IMP mean-IMPF.CONV say-PERF.CONV '''god''' GEN lucky-GEN give.birth.to-CAUS-PERF.ADN reason ACC in.detail&lt;!--giyan giyan -i=in.detail--&gt; learn-CAUS-PERF.CONV[teach-PERF.CONV]&lt;!--tacimbi=learn-IMPF.CONCL; tacibumbi=learn-CAUS-IMPF.CONCL=teach-IMPF.CONCL; tacibufi=learn-CAUS-PERF.CONV=teach-PERF.CONV--&gt;
#::[[Wt/mnc/nikan gisun|nikan gisun]]: [[Wt/mnc/母|母]][[Wt/mnc/告|告]][[Wt/mnc/子|子]][[Wt/mnc/曰|曰]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''[[Wt/mnc/生|生]][[Wt/mnc/汝|汝]][[Wt/mnc/實|實]][[Wt/mnc/令|令]][[Wt/mnc/汝|汝]][[Wt/mnc/以|以]][[Wt/mnc/定|定]][[Wt/mnc/亂|亂]][[Wt/mnc/國|國]][[Wt/mnc/可|可]][[Wt/mnc/往|往]][[Wt/mnc/彼處|彼處]][[Wt/mnc/將|將]][[Wt/mnc/所|所]][[Wt/mnc/生|生]][[Wt/mnc/緣由|緣由]][[Wt/mnc/一一|一一]][[Wt/mnc/詳|詳]][[Wt/mnc/說|說]]

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1772): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'' (?): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (?): '''1''' 
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (?): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→

== sibe gisun == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci sibe hergen -i araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|ᠠᠪᡣᠠ}} (abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== sibe hergen === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}}

=== mudan === 
*IPA: /ˀafqaˑ/

===  gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}} (abka)
:1.

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

== aisilara bithe cagan ==
&lt;references /&gt;
*šen ki liyang. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]'''}}&quot;, ''daicing gurun -i yooni bithe'', uju debtelin[M]. beging: 1683: 28 (hashū).
:沈啓亮. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}&quot;, 大清全書.第一巻[M]. 北京: 京師宛羽齋刻本, 1683: 28(左).
:*沈启亮. 大清全书[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社, 2008: 25. (原刻本1683年)

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2025-08-26].
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻1: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1(右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2025-08-26]. 

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], beging: 1717: 1 (hashū). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2025-09-01].
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京: 1717: 1 (左). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2025-09-01].

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], beging: 1743: 1 (ici).  [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. 
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京:1743: 1 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. 

*juwentu. ''emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1746: 2 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. 
:肫圖. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 一學三貫清文鑑.卷1: 天文類[M/OL]. 北京: 1746: 2(右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. 
::[[Wt/mnc/sukdun|sukdun]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/weihuken|weihuken]] [[Wt/mnc/bolgo|bolgo]], [[Wt/mnc/wesihun|wesihun]] [[Wt/mnc/dekdehengge|dekdehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]],''
::[[Wt/mnc/氣|氣]][[Wt/mnc/之|之]][[Wt/mnc/輕|輕]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/上浮|上浮]][[Wt/mnc/者|者]][[Wt/mnc/爲|爲]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2(右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: 1771 ci aniya de folobuha bithe: 1771: 3 (hashū).
:清高宗弘歷敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 御製滿洲蒙古漢字三合切音清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 1771年刻本: 1771: 3(左).

*arasi sara unde. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'', kulun, ujui debtelin[M]. beging: ?: 1 (ici).
:佚名. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 四體合璧文鑑.乾卷.第1卷: 天文類1-1[M]. 北京: ?: 1(右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot;/ &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: dabkūri dorgi hoton de asarabuha bithe: ?: 2.
:清高宗弘歷敕撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, 御製五體清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 故宮博物院藏本: ?: 2.
:*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, uksurai cubanše tucibuhe. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui ubu[M]. beging: gugung bū u yuwan de asaraha: 1957: 2.
::清高宗弘歷敕撰. 民族出版社出版. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, 五體清文鑑.上冊[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 1957: 2.

*Захаров И И. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; абка&quot;, Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]. Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ: 1875: 24.

*渡部薫太郎. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 訂正滿洲語文典/dasaha manju gisun kooli[M]. 大阪: 大阪東洋學會: 1926: 33.

*金得榥. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 기초 滿韓辭典/datengge manju solho buleku bithe[M]. 서울: 대지문화사: 1950: 1. ISBN: 9788971551707.

*Haenisch E. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig: 1961: 26. [https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский] [2025-08-24]

*山本謙吾. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]. 東京: 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所: 1969: 99.

*羽田亨. &quot;Abka&quot;, 滿和辭典/manju ži ben gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 東京: 国書刊行会: 1972: 1.

*Norman J. &quot;ABKA&quot;, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]. Washington: University of Washington Press: 1978: 3. ISBN: 978-0-295-95574-2.

*刘厚生. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; Abka&quot;, 简明满汉辞典/šolokon manju nikan gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 开封: 河南大学出版社: 1988: 1. ISBN: 7-81018-052-5.

*安双成. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; Abka&quot;, 满汉大辞典/manju nikan yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 1993: 24. ISBN: 9787549709939.

*胡增益. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; abka¹&quot;, 新满汉大词典/ice manju nikan gisun kamcibuha buleku bithe (iche manzhu nikan gisun kamchibuha buleku bithe)[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 1994: 2. ISBN: 7-228-02404-4.

*河内良弘, 清瀬義三郎則府. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語文語入門[M]. 京都: 京都大学学術出版会: 2002: 4.

*刘厚生. &quot;天&quot;, 汉满辞典/nikan manju gisuni buleku bithe[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 2004: 566. ISBN: 7-105-06386-6.

*安双成. &quot;天①&quot;, 汉满大辞典/nikan manju yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 2007: 1023. ISBN: 978-7-80722-160-9.

*戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 59, 105. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.

*Norman J. &quot;abka&quot;, A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 2013: 2. ISBN: 978-1-68417-069-2.

*敖拉·毕力格. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;, 蒙汉满词典/monggo nikan manju buleku bithe[M]. 赤峰: 内蒙古科学技术出版社: 2016: 1099. ISBN: 978-7-5380-2677-1.

*贺忠德. &quot;天 ❶&quot;, 汉锡词典/nikan sibe gisun buleku bithe[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 2016: 1736. ISBN: 978-7-228-19207-6.

*王娣. 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学出版社: 2021: 247. ISBN: 978-7-5661-3324-3.

----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/daicing gurun -i yooni bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/daicing gurun -i yooni bithe, uju debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1717)|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1717), ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1743)|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1743), ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe, kulun, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gebsun|a]]</text>
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      <text bytes="37868" sha1="sgsnda6gh5hjb9riy77m7pk7jnt7wid" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:A_blue_sky8.JPG|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ|ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᠨ|ᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ|ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
᠒᠄ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳᠩᡤᡝ ᡝᠸᠠᠩᡤᡝᠯᡳ᠇ᡠᠮ᠈ ᡳᠴᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ᠈ ᠮᠠᡨᡨᡝᡳ  ᡳ ᡠᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ᠈ ᠖:᠙-᠖:᠑᠐᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠸᡝ|ᠰᡠᠸᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠮᡠ|ᡩᠠᠮᡠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡨᡨᡠ|ᡨᡠᡨᡨᡠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᡳᠰᡠ|ᠪᠠᡳᠰᡠ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ|ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡠᠰᡝᡳ|ᠮᡠᠰᡝᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠴᠣᠯᠣ|ᠴᠣᠯᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠩᡤᡠᠯᡝᠮᡝ|ᡤᡳᠩᡤᡠᠯᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᡨᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠩᡤᡝᠯᡝᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᡝᠩᡤᡝᠯᡝᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠰᡝ|ᡥᡝᠰᡝ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡵᡝ|ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ|ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᠠ|ᠨᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
᠓᠄ ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ  ᡳ ᠶᠠᡵᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡴᠣᠣᠯᡳ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠮᡝ|ᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ|ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᡠᡳ|ᠵᡠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ|ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ|ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᡝ|ᠰᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠᠪᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠᠪᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡳ|ᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠨᡝᡶᡳ|ᡤᡝᠨᡝᡶᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ|ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ|ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᡝ|ᠰᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᡶᡳ|ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᡶᡳ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]'''[[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᡠᠯᡳᠩᡤᠠᡳ|ᡶᡠᠯᡳᠩᡤᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨ|ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡶᡳ|ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡶᡳ]]᠈&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡳᠯᡥᡳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠐᠘)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠑᠗)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠔᠓)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠗᠒)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠘᠐)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑''' &lt;br&gt;
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ ᠪᠠ᠉&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡧᡝᠨ ᡴᡳ ᠯᡳᠶᠠᠩ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠖᠘᠓᠄ ᠒᠘ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)
::*ᡧᡝᠨ ᡴᡳ ᠯᡳᠶᠠᠩ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠮᡠᡴᡩᡝᠨ᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠘᠄ ᠒᠕ (ᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠵᡳᠰᡝ ᠑᠖᠘᠓ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ)

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᡥᠣᡵᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠶᠠᠩᠰᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡩᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡶᡳ ᡧᡠᠸᠠᠰᡝᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠐᠘᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠖]᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠑᠗᠄ ᠑ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉ モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠙-᠐᠑]᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᡨᡝᠩᡤᡝᡵᡳ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠔᠓᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠙-᠐᠑]᠉

:*ᠵᡠᠸᡝᠨᡨᡠ᠈ ᡝᠮᡠ ᠪᡝ ᡨᠠᠴᡳᡶᡳ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᠠᡶᡠᡴᡳᠶᠠᡵᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠔᠖᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠖]᠉
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ|ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ|ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ|ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠨ|ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠈
::[[Wt/mnc/氣|氣]][[Wt/mnc/之|之]][[Wt/mnc/輕|輕]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/上浮|上浮]][[Wt/mnc/者|者]][[Wt/mnc/爲|爲]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄  ᠑᠗᠗᠑ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ ᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠑᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉

:*ᠠᡵᠠᠰᡳ ᠰᠠᡵᠠ ᡠᠨᡩᡝ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡴᡠᠯᡠᠨ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ?᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;آڛمان‬&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡩᠠᠪᡴᡡᡵᡳ ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳ ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ?᠄ ᠒᠉
::*ᡠᡴᠰᡠᡵᠠᡳ ᠴᡠᠪᠠᠨᡧᡝ ᡨᡠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᡝ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;آڛمان‬&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡠᠪᡠ᠈ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡤᡠᡤᡠᠩ ᠪᡡ ᡠ ᠶᡠᠸᠠᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ᠄ ᠑᠙᠕᠗᠄ ᠒᠉

:*Захаров И.И.᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ/абка&quot;᠈ Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]᠉ Санкт-Петербург᠄ Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ᠄ ᠑᠘᠗᠕᠄ ᠒᠔᠉

:*渡部薫太郎᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 訂正滿洲語文典/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠣᠣᠯᡳ[M]᠉ 大阪᠄ 大阪東洋學會᠄ ᠑᠙᠒᠖᠄ ᠓᠓᠉

:*金得榥᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 기초 滿韓辭典/ᡩᠠᡨᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠰᠣᠯᡥᠣ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 서울᠄ 대지문화사᠄ ᠑᠙᠕᠐᠄ ᠑᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘᠘᠙᠗᠑᠕᠕᠑᠗᠐᠗᠉

:*Haenisch E.᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]᠉ Leipzig᠄ VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig᠄ ᠑᠙᠖᠑᠄ ᠒᠖᠉ Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠔]᠉

:*山本謙吾᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]᠉ 東京᠄ 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所᠄ ᠑᠙᠖᠙᠄ ᠙᠙᠉

:*羽田亨᠉ &quot;Abka&quot;᠈ 滿和辭典/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡰᡳ ᠪᡝᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 東京᠄ 国書刊行会᠄ ᠑᠙᠗᠒᠄ ᠑᠉

:*Norman J.᠉ &quot;ABKA&quot;᠈ A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]᠉ Washington᠄ University of Washington Press᠄ ᠑᠙᠗᠘᠄ ᠓᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠐-᠒᠙᠕-᠙᠕᠕᠗᠔-᠒᠉

:*刘厚生᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; Abka&quot;᠈ 简明满汉辞典/ᡧᠣᠯᠣᡴᠣᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 开封᠄ 河南大学出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠘᠘᠄ ᠑᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠘᠑᠐᠑᠘-᠐᠕᠒-᠕᠉

:*安双成᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; Abka&quot;᠈ 满汉大辞典/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 沈阳᠄ 辽宁民族出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠙᠓᠄ ᠒᠔᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘᠗᠕᠔᠙᠗᠐᠙᠙᠓᠙᠉

:*胡增益᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; abka¹&quot;᠈ 新满汉大词典/ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 乌鲁木齐᠄ 新疆人民出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠙᠔᠄ ᠒᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠒᠒᠘-᠐᠒᠔᠐᠔-᠔᠉

:*河内良弘᠈ 清瀬義三郎則府᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 満洲語文語入門[M]᠉ 京都᠄ 京都大学学術出版会᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠒᠄ ᠔᠉

:*刘厚生᠉ &quot;天&quot;᠈ 汉满辞典/ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 北京᠄ 民族出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠔᠄ ᠕᠖᠖᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠑᠐᠕-᠐᠖᠓᠘᠖-᠖᠉

:*安双成᠉ &quot;天①&quot;᠈ 汉满大辞典/ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 沈阳᠄ 辽宁民族出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠗᠄ ᠑᠐᠒᠓᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠘᠐᠗᠒᠒-᠑᠖᠐-᠙᠉

:*戴光宇᠉ 三家子满语语音研究[M]᠉ 北京᠄ 北京大学出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠒᠄ ᠕᠙᠈ ᠑᠐᠕᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠓᠐᠑-᠒᠑᠒᠖᠘-᠔᠉

:*Norman J᠉ &quot;abka&quot;᠈ A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]᠉ Cambridge᠈ Massachusetts᠄ Harvard University Press᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠓᠄ ᠒᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠑-᠖᠘᠔᠑᠗-᠐᠖᠙-᠒᠉

:*敖拉·毕力格᠉ &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;᠈ 蒙汉满词典/ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 赤峰᠄ 内蒙古科学技术出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠖᠄ ᠑᠐᠙᠙᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠕᠓᠘᠐-᠒᠖᠗᠗-᠑᠉

:*贺忠德᠉ &quot;天 ❶&quot;᠈ 汉锡词典/ᠨᡞᡣᠠᠨ ᠰᡞᠪᡝ ᡤᡞᠰᡠᠨ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡣᡠ ᠪᡞᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 乌鲁木齐᠄ 新疆人民出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠖᠄ ᠑᠗᠓᠖᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠒᠒᠘-᠑᠙᠒᠐᠗-᠖᠉

:*王娣᠉ 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]᠉ 哈尔滨᠄ 哈尔滨工程大学出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠒᠑᠄ ᠒᠔᠗᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠕᠖᠖᠑-᠓᠓᠒᠔-᠓᠉
}}


=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''abka'''
:abkai durun: '''abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''abka'''

=== mudan === 
*[[Wp/mnc/manju gisun|manju gisun]]:
**([[Wp/mnc/ilan boo|ilan boo]]) IPA: /ˈɑvqʰə/, /ˈɑpqʰə/
**([[Wp/mnc/sahaliyan ula (hoton)|sahaliyan ula]]) IPA: /ɑbɡɑ/
**([[Wp/mnc/beging|beging]]) IPA: /abkˈa/
*(''bala gisun'') IPA: /apˈkˈa/
*([[Wp/mnc/alcuka gisun|alcuka gisun]]) IPA: /avkˈa/

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/den|den]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehengge|elbehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. sing li [[Wt/mnc/bithede|bithede]], [[Wp/mnc/judzi|judzi]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/henduhengge|henduhengge]], '''abka''', [[Wt/mnc/in yang|in yang]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/a|a]] [[Wt/mnc/e|e]]&lt;/ref&gt;, [[Wt/mnc/sunja feten|sunja feten]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/wembume|wembume]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibumbi|banjibumbi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]]. [[Wt/mnc/luwen ioi|luwen ioi]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/leolen gisuren|leolen gisuren]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/bithede|bithede]], [[Wt/mnc/colgoropi|colgoropi]] [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/amba|amba]], [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] [[Wp/mnc/yoo han|yoo]] [[Wt/mnc/teherembi|teherembi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/den|den]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehengge|elbehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::very high ten.thousand thing ACC cover-PERF.PTCP-NOMI ACC '''sky''' say-IMPF.INDI
# 
#:enduringge ewanggeli'um, ice hese, mattei -i ulaha songkoi, 6:9-6:10:
#:《聖經·新約全書·馬太福音》第六章第九節-第六章第十節
#::[[Wt/mnc/suwe|suwe]] [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] [[Wt/mnc/tuttu|tuttu]] [[Wt/mnc/jalbarime|jalbarime]] [[Wt/mnc/baisu|baisu]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/bisire|bisire]] [[Wt/mnc/musei|musei]] [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/colo|colo]] [[Wt/mnc/gingguleme|gingguleme]] [[Wt/mnc/tukiyekini|tukiyekini]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/enggelenjikini|enggelenjikini]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/hese|hese]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/yabubure|yabubure]] [[Wt/mnc/songkoi|songkoi]] [[Wt/mnc/na|na]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/yabubukini|yabubukini]].
#::2.PL only like.that pray-IMPF.CONV ask.for.IMP, '''heaven''' DAT be.IMPF.ADN 1.PL.INCL-GEN father father GEN title honor-IMPF.CONV praise-OPT father GEN state come-VEN-OPT father GEN edict '''heaven''' DAT perform-CAUS-IMPF.ADN according.to earth DAT perform-CAUS-OPT
# 
#:''manju -i yargiyan kooli'', ujui debtelin:
#:《滿洲實錄》卷一
#::[[Wt/mnc/eme|eme]] [[Wt/mnc/hendume|hendume]], [[Wt/mnc/jui|jui]] [[Wt/mnc/simbe|simbe]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/facuhūn|facuhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/dasame|dasame]] [[Wt/mnc/banjikini|banjikini]] [[Wt/mnc/seme|seme]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibuhabi|banjibuhabi]], [[Wt/mnc/si|si]] [[Wt/mnc/genefi|genefi]] [[Wt/mnc/facuhūn|facuhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/dasame|dasame]] [[Wt/mnc/toktobume|toktobume]] [[Wt/mnc/banji|banji]] [[Wt/mnc/seme|seme]] [[Wt/mnc/hendufi|hendufi]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/fulinggai|fulinggai]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibuha|banjibuha]] [[Wt/mnc/turgun|turgun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/giyan giyan -i|giyan giyan -i]] [[Wt/mnc/tacibufi|tacibufi]],
#::mother say-IMPF.CONV son 2.SG-ACC '''god''' disorder state ACC correct-IMPF.CONV live-OPT mean-IMPF.CONV give.birth.to-CAUS-PERF.CONCL 2.SG go-PERF.CONV disorder state ACC correct-IMPF.CONV pacify-CAUS-IMPF.CONV live.IMP mean-IMPF.CONV say-PERF.CONV '''god''' GEN lucky-GEN give.birth.to-CAUS-PERF.ADN reason ACC in.detail&lt;!--giyan giyan -i=in.detail--&gt; learn-CAUS-PERF.CONV[teach-PERF.CONV]&lt;!--tacimbi=learn-IMPF.CONCL; tacibumbi=learn-CAUS-IMPF.CONCL=teach-IMPF.CONCL; tacibufi=learn-CAUS-PERF.CONV=teach-PERF.CONV--&gt;
#::[[Wt/mnc/nikan gisun|nikan gisun]]: [[Wt/mnc/母|母]][[Wt/mnc/告|告]][[Wt/mnc/子|子]][[Wt/mnc/曰|曰]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''[[Wt/mnc/生|生]][[Wt/mnc/汝|汝]][[Wt/mnc/實|實]][[Wt/mnc/令|令]][[Wt/mnc/汝|汝]][[Wt/mnc/以|以]][[Wt/mnc/定|定]][[Wt/mnc/亂|亂]][[Wt/mnc/國|國]][[Wt/mnc/可|可]][[Wt/mnc/往|往]][[Wt/mnc/彼處|彼處]][[Wt/mnc/將|將]][[Wt/mnc/所|所]][[Wt/mnc/生|生]][[Wt/mnc/緣由|緣由]][[Wt/mnc/一一|一一]][[Wt/mnc/詳|詳]][[Wt/mnc/說|說]]

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1772): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'' (?): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (?): '''1''' 
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (?): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→

== sibe gisun == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci sibe hergen -i araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|ᠠᠪᡣᠠ}} (abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== sibe hergen === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}}

=== mudan === 
*IPA: /ˀafqaˑ/

===  gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}} (abka)
:1.

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

== aisilara bithe cagan ==
&lt;references /&gt;
*šen ki liyang. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]'''}}&quot;, ''daicing gurun -i yooni bithe'', uju debtelin[M]. beging: 1683: 28 (hashū).
:沈啓亮. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}&quot;, 大清全書.第一巻[M]. 北京: 京師宛羽齋刻本, 1683: 28(左).
:*沈启亮. 大清全书[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社, 2008: 25. (原刻本1683年)

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2025-08-26].
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻1: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1(右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2025-08-26]. 

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], beging: 1717: 1 (hashū). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2025-09-01].
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京: 1717: 1 (左). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2025-09-01].

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], beging: 1743: 1 (ici).  [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. 
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京:1743: 1 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. 

*juwentu. ''emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1746: 2 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. 
:肫圖. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 一學三貫清文鑑.卷1: 天文類[M/OL]. 北京: 1746: 2(右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. 
::[[Wt/mnc/sukdun|sukdun]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/weihuken|weihuken]] [[Wt/mnc/bolgo|bolgo]], [[Wt/mnc/wesihun|wesihun]] [[Wt/mnc/dekdehengge|dekdehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]],''
::[[Wt/mnc/氣|氣]][[Wt/mnc/之|之]][[Wt/mnc/輕|輕]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/上浮|上浮]][[Wt/mnc/者|者]][[Wt/mnc/爲|爲]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: 1771 ci aniya de folobuha bithe: 1771: 3 (hashū).
:清高宗弘歷敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 御製滿洲蒙古漢字三合切音清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 1771年刻本: 1771: 3(左).

*arasi sara unde. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'', kulun, ujui debtelin[M]. beging: ?: 1 (ici).
:佚名. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 四體合璧文鑑.乾卷.第1卷: 天文類1-1[M]. 北京: ?: 1(右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot;/ &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: dabkūri dorgi hoton de asarabuha bithe: ?: 2.
:清高宗弘歷敕撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, 御製五體清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 故宮博物院藏本: ?: 2.
:*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, uksurai cubanše tucibuhe. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui ubu[M]. beging: gugung bū u yuwan de asaraha: 1957: 2.
::清高宗弘歷敕撰. 民族出版社出版. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, 五體清文鑑.上冊[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 1957: 2.

*Захаров И И. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; абка&quot;, Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]. Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ: 1875: 24.

*渡部薫太郎. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 訂正滿洲語文典/dasaha manju gisun kooli[M]. 大阪: 大阪東洋學會: 1926: 33.

*金得榥. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 기초 滿韓辭典/datengge manju solho buleku bithe[M]. 서울: 대지문화사: 1950: 1. ISBN: 9788971551707.

*Haenisch E. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig: 1961: 26. [https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский] [2025-08-24]

*山本謙吾. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]. 東京: 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所: 1969: 99.

*羽田亨. &quot;Abka&quot;, 滿和辭典/manju ži ben gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 東京: 国書刊行会: 1972: 1.

*Norman J. &quot;ABKA&quot;, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]. Washington: University of Washington Press: 1978: 3. ISBN: 978-0-295-95574-2.

*刘厚生. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; Abka&quot;, 简明满汉辞典/šolokon manju nikan gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 开封: 河南大学出版社: 1988: 1. ISBN: 7-81018-052-5.

*安双成. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; Abka&quot;, 满汉大辞典/manju nikan yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 1993: 24. ISBN: 9787549709939.

*胡增益. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; abka¹&quot;, 新满汉大词典/ice manju nikan gisun kamcibuha buleku bithe (iche manzhu nikan gisun kamchibuha buleku bithe)[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 1994: 2. ISBN: 7-228-02404-4.

*河内良弘, 清瀬義三郎則府. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語文語入門[M]. 京都: 京都大学学術出版会: 2002: 4.

*刘厚生. &quot;天&quot;, 汉满辞典/nikan manju gisuni buleku bithe[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 2004: 566. ISBN: 7-105-06386-6.

*安双成. &quot;天①&quot;, 汉满大辞典/nikan manju yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 2007: 1023. ISBN: 978-7-80722-160-9.

*戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 59, 105. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.

*Norman J. &quot;abka&quot;, A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 2013: 2. ISBN: 978-1-68417-069-2.

*敖拉·毕力格. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;, 蒙汉满词典/monggo nikan manju buleku bithe[M]. 赤峰: 内蒙古科学技术出版社: 2016: 1099. ISBN: 978-7-5380-2677-1.

*贺忠德. &quot;天 ❶&quot;, 汉锡词典/nikan sibe gisun buleku bithe[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 2016: 1736. ISBN: 978-7-228-19207-6.

*王娣. 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学出版社: 2021: 247. ISBN: 978-7-5661-3324-3.

----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/daicing gurun -i yooni bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/daicing gurun -i yooni bithe, uju debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1717)|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1717), ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1743)|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1743), ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe, kulun, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gebsun|a]]</text>
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      <text bytes="37849" sha1="4q46jzbroiv46cxjakfdxccfnqk3maz" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:A_blue_sky8.JPG|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ|ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᠨ|ᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ|ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
᠒᠄ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳᠩᡤᡝ ᡝᠸᠠᠩᡤᡝᠯᡳ᠇ᡠᠮ᠈ ᡳᠴᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ᠈ ᠮᠠᡨᡨᡝᡳ  ᡳ ᡠᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ᠈ ᠖:᠙-᠖:᠑᠐᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠸᡝ|ᠰᡠᠸᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠮᡠ|ᡩᠠᠮᡠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡨᡨᡠ|ᡨᡠᡨᡨᡠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᡳᠰᡠ|ᠪᠠᡳᠰᡠ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ|ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡠᠰᡝᡳ|ᠮᡠᠰᡝᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠴᠣᠯᠣ|ᠴᠣᠯᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠩᡤᡠᠯᡝᠮᡝ|ᡤᡳᠩᡤᡠᠯᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᡨᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠩᡤᡝᠯᡝᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᡝᠩᡤᡝᠯᡝᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠰᡝ|ᡥᡝᠰᡝ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡵᡝ|ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ|ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᠠ|ᠨᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
᠓᠄ ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ  ᡳ ᠶᠠᡵᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡴᠣᠣᠯᡳ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠮᡝ|ᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ|ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᡠᡳ|ᠵᡠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ|ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ|ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᡝ|ᠰᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠᠪᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠᠪᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡳ|ᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠨᡝᡶᡳ|ᡤᡝᠨᡝᡶᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ|ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ|ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᡝ|ᠰᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᡶᡳ|ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᡶᡳ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]'''[[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᡠᠯᡳᠩᡤᠠᡳ|ᡶᡠᠯᡳᠩᡤᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨ|ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡶᡳ|ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡶᡳ]]᠈&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡳᠯᡥᡳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠐᠘)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠑᠗)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠔᠓)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠗᠒)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠘᠐)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑''' &lt;br&gt;
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ ᠪᠠ᠉&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡧᡝᠨ ᡴᡳ ᠯᡳᠶᠠᠩ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠖᠘᠓᠄ ᠒᠘ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)
::*ᡧᡝᠨ ᡴᡳ ᠯᡳᠶᠠᠩ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠮᡠᡴᡩᡝᠨ᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠘᠄ ᠒᠕ (ᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠵᡳᠰᡝ ᠑᠖᠘᠓ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ)

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᡥᠣᡵᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠶᠠᠩᠰᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡩᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡶᡳ ᡧᡠᠸᠠᠰᡝᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠐᠘᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠖]᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠑᠗᠄ ᠑ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉ モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠙-᠐᠑]᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᡨᡝᠩᡤᡝᡵᡳ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠔᠓᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠙-᠐᠑]᠉

:*ᠵᡠᠸᡝᠨᡨᡠ᠈ ᡝᠮᡠ ᠪᡝ ᡨᠠᠴᡳᡶᡳ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᠠᡶᡠᡴᡳᠶᠠᡵᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠔᠖᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠖]᠉
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ|ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ|ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ|ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠨ|ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠈
::[[Wt/mnc/氣|氣]][[Wt/mnc/之|之]][[Wt/mnc/輕|輕]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/上浮|上浮]][[Wt/mnc/者|者]][[Wt/mnc/爲|爲]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄  ᠑᠗᠗᠑ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ ᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠑᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉

:*ᠠᡵᠠᠰᡳ ᠰᠠᡵᠠ ᡠᠨᡩᡝ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡴᡠᠯᡠᠨ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ?᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;آڛمان‬&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡩᠠᠪᡴᡡᡵᡳ ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳ ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ?᠄ ᠒᠉
::*ᡠᡴᠰᡠᡵᠠᡳ ᠴᡠᠪᠠᠨᡧᡝ ᡨᡠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᡝ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;آڛمان‬&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡠᠪᡠ᠈ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡤᡠᡤᡠᠩ ᠪᡡ ᡠ ᠶᡠᠸᠠᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ᠄ ᠑᠙᠕᠗᠄ ᠒᠉

:*Захаров И.И.᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ/абка&quot;᠈ Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]᠉ Санкт-Петербург᠄ Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ᠄ ᠑᠘᠗᠕᠄ ᠒᠔᠉

:*渡部薫太郎᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 訂正滿洲語文典/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠣᠣᠯᡳ[M]᠉ 大阪᠄ 大阪東洋學會᠄ ᠑᠙᠒᠖᠄ ᠓᠓᠉

:*金得榥᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 기초 滿韓辭典/ᡩᠠᡨᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠰᠣᠯᡥᠣ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 서울᠄ 대지문화사᠄ ᠑᠙᠕᠐᠄ ᠑᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘᠘᠙᠗᠑᠕᠕᠑᠗᠐᠗᠉

:*Haenisch E.᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]᠉ Leipzig᠄ VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig᠄ ᠑᠙᠖᠑᠄ ᠒᠖᠉ Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠔]᠉

:*山本謙吾᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]᠉ 東京᠄ 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所᠄ ᠑᠙᠖᠙᠄ ᠙᠙᠉

:*羽田亨᠉ &quot;Abka&quot;᠈ 滿和辭典/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡰᡳ ᠪᡝᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 東京᠄ 国書刊行会᠄ ᠑᠙᠗᠒᠄ ᠑᠉

:*Norman J.᠉ &quot;ABKA&quot;᠈ A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]᠉ Washington᠄ University of Washington Press᠄ ᠑᠙᠗᠘᠄ ᠓᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠐-᠒᠙᠕-᠙᠕᠕᠗᠔-᠒᠉

:*刘厚生᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; Abka&quot;᠈ 简明满汉辞典/ᡧᠣᠯᠣᡴᠣᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 开封᠄ 河南大学出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠘᠘᠄ ᠑᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠘᠑᠐᠑᠘-᠐᠕᠒-᠕᠉

:*安双成᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; Abka&quot;᠈ 满汉大辞典/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 沈阳᠄ 辽宁民族出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠙᠓᠄ ᠒᠔᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘᠗᠕᠔᠙᠗᠐᠙᠙᠓᠙᠉

:*胡增益᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; abka¹&quot;᠈ 新满汉大词典/ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 乌鲁木齐᠄ 新疆人民出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠙᠔᠄ ᠒᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠒᠒᠘-᠐᠒᠔᠐᠔-᠔᠉

:*河内良弘᠈ 清瀬義三郎則府᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 満洲語文語入門[M]᠉ 京都᠄ 京都大学学術出版会᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠒᠄ ᠔᠉

:*刘厚生᠉ &quot;天&quot;᠈ 汉满辞典/ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 北京᠄ 民族出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠔᠄ ᠕᠖᠖᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠑᠐᠕-᠐᠖᠓᠘᠖-᠖᠉

:*安双成᠉ &quot;天①&quot;᠈ 汉满大辞典/ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 沈阳᠄ 辽宁民族出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠗᠄ ᠑᠐᠒᠓᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠘᠐᠗᠒᠒-᠑᠖᠐-᠙᠉

:*戴光宇᠉ 三家子满语语音研究[M]᠉ 北京᠄ 北京大学出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠒᠄ ᠕᠙᠈ ᠑᠐᠕᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠓᠐᠑-᠒᠑᠒᠖᠘-᠔᠉

:*Norman J᠉ &quot;abka&quot;᠈ A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]᠉ Cambridge᠈ Massachusetts᠄ Harvard University Press᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠓᠄ ᠒᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠑-᠖᠘᠔᠑᠗-᠐᠖᠙-᠒᠉

:*敖拉·毕力格᠉ &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;᠈ 蒙汉满词典/ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 赤峰᠄ 内蒙古科学技术出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠖᠄ ᠑᠐᠙᠙᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠕᠓᠘᠐-᠒᠖᠗᠗-᠑᠉

:*贺忠德᠉ &quot;天 ❶&quot;᠈ 汉锡词典/ᠨᡞᡣᠠᠨ ᠰᡞᠪᡝ ᡤᡞᠰᡠᠨ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡣᡠ ᠪᡞᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 乌鲁木齐᠄ 新疆人民出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠖᠄ ᠑᠗᠓᠖᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠒᠒᠘-᠑᠙᠒᠐᠗-᠖᠉

:*王娣᠉ 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]᠉ 哈尔滨᠄ 哈尔滨工程大学出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠒᠑᠄ ᠒᠔᠗᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠕᠖᠖᠑-᠓᠓᠒᠔-᠓᠉
}}


=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''abka'''
:abkai durun: '''abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''abka'''

=== mudan === 
*[[Wp/mnc/manju gisun|manju gisun]]:
**([[Wp/mnc/ilan boo|ilan boo]]) IPA: /ˈɑvqʰə/, /ˈɑpqʰə/
**([[Wp/mnc/sahaliyan ula (hoton)|sahaliyan ula]]) IPA: /ɑbɡɑ/
**([[Wp/mnc/beging|beging]]) IPA: /abkˈa/
*(''bala gisun'') IPA: /apˈkˈa/
*([[Wp/mnc/alcuka gisun|alcuka gisun]]) IPA: /avkˈa/

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/den|den]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehengge|elbehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. sing li [[Wt/mnc/bithede|bithede]], [[Wp/mnc/judzi|judzi]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/henduhengge|henduhengge]], '''abka''', [[Wt/mnc/in yang|in yang]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/a|a]] [[Wt/mnc/e|e]]&lt;/ref&gt;, [[Wt/mnc/sunja feten|sunja feten]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/wembume|wembume]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibumbi|banjibumbi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]]. [[Wt/mnc/luwen ioi|luwen ioi]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/leolen gisuren|leolen gisuren]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/bithede|bithede]], [[Wt/mnc/colgoropi|colgoropi]] [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/amba|amba]], [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] [[Wp/mnc/yoo han|yoo]] [[Wt/mnc/teherembi|teherembi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/den|den]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehengge|elbehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::very high ten.thousand thing ACC cover-PERF.PTCP-NOMI ACC '''sky''' say-IMPF.INDI
# 
#:enduringge ewanggeli'um, ice hese, mattei -i ulaha songkoi, 6:9-6:10:
#:《聖經·新約全書·馬太福音》第六章第九節-第六章第十節
#::[[Wt/mnc/suwe|suwe]] [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] [[Wt/mnc/tuttu|tuttu]] [[Wt/mnc/jalbarime|jalbarime]] [[Wt/mnc/baisu|baisu]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/bisire|bisire]] [[Wt/mnc/musei|musei]] [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/colo|colo]] [[Wt/mnc/gingguleme|gingguleme]] [[Wt/mnc/tukiyekini|tukiyekini]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/enggelenjikini|enggelenjikini]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/hese|hese]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/yabubure|yabubure]] [[Wt/mnc/songkoi|songkoi]] [[Wt/mnc/na|na]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/yabubukini|yabubukini]].
#::2.PL only like.that pray-IMPF.CONV ask.for.IMP, '''heaven''' DAT be.IMPF.ADN 1.PL.INCL-GEN father father GEN title honor-IMPF.CONV praise-OPT father GEN state come-VEN-OPT father GEN edict '''heaven''' DAT perform-CAUS-IMPF.ADN according.to earth DAT perform-CAUS-OPT
# 
#:''manju -i yargiyan kooli'', ujui debtelin:
#:《滿洲實錄》卷一
#::[[Wt/mnc/eme|eme]] [[Wt/mnc/hendume|hendume]], [[Wt/mnc/jui|jui]] [[Wt/mnc/simbe|simbe]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/facuhūn|facuhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/dasame|dasame]] [[Wt/mnc/banjikini|banjikini]] [[Wt/mnc/seme|seme]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibuhabi|banjibuhabi]], [[Wt/mnc/si|si]] [[Wt/mnc/genefi|genefi]] [[Wt/mnc/facuhūn|facuhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/dasame|dasame]] [[Wt/mnc/toktobume|toktobume]] [[Wt/mnc/banji|banji]] [[Wt/mnc/seme|seme]] [[Wt/mnc/hendufi|hendufi]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/fulinggai|fulinggai]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibuha|banjibuha]] [[Wt/mnc/turgun|turgun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/giyan giyan -i|giyan giyan -i]] [[Wt/mnc/tacibufi|tacibufi]],
#::mother say-IMPF.CONV son 2.SG-ACC '''god''' disorder state ACC correct-IMPF.CONV live-OPT mean-IMPF.CONV give.birth.to-CAUS-PERF.CONCL 2.SG go-PERF.CONV disorder state ACC correct-IMPF.CONV pacify-CAUS-IMPF.CONV live.IMP mean-IMPF.CONV say-PERF.CONV '''god''' GEN lucky-GEN give.birth.to-CAUS-PERF.ADN reason ACC in.detail&lt;!--giyan giyan -i=in.detail--&gt; learn-CAUS-PERF.CONV[teach-PERF.CONV]&lt;!--tacimbi=learn-IMPF.CONCL; tacibumbi=learn-CAUS-IMPF.CONCL=teach-IMPF.CONCL; tacibufi=learn-CAUS-PERF.CONV=teach-PERF.CONV--&gt;
#::[[Wt/mnc/nikan gisun|nikan gisun]]: [[Wt/mnc/母|母]][[Wt/mnc/告|告]][[Wt/mnc/子|子]][[Wt/mnc/曰|曰]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''[[Wt/mnc/生|生]][[Wt/mnc/汝|汝]][[Wt/mnc/實|實]][[Wt/mnc/令|令]][[Wt/mnc/汝|汝]][[Wt/mnc/以|以]][[Wt/mnc/定|定]][[Wt/mnc/亂|亂]][[Wt/mnc/國|國]][[Wt/mnc/可|可]][[Wt/mnc/往|往]][[Wt/mnc/彼處|彼處]][[Wt/mnc/將|將]][[Wt/mnc/所|所]][[Wt/mnc/生|生]][[Wt/mnc/緣由|緣由]][[Wt/mnc/一一|一一]][[Wt/mnc/詳|詳]][[Wt/mnc/說|說]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1772): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'' (?): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (?): '''1''' 
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (?): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→

== sibe gisun == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci sibe hergen -i araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|ᠠᠪᡣᠠ}} (abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== sibe hergen === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}}

=== mudan === 
*IPA: /ˀafqaˑ/

===  gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}} (abka)
:1.

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

== aisilara bithe cagan ==
&lt;references /&gt;
*šen ki liyang. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]'''}}&quot;, ''daicing gurun -i yooni bithe'', uju debtelin[M]. beging: 1683: 28 (hashū).
:沈啓亮. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}&quot;, 大清全書.第一巻[M]. 北京: 京師宛羽齋刻本, 1683: 28(左).
:*沈启亮. 大清全书[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社, 2008: 25. (原刻本1683年)

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2025-08-26].
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1(右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2025-08-26]. 

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], beging: 1717: 1 (hashū). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2025-09-01].
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京: 1717: 1 (左). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2025-09-01].

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], beging: 1743: 1 (ici).  [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. 
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京:1743: 1 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. 

*juwentu. ''emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1746: 2 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. 
:肫圖. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 一學三貫清文鑑.卷1: 天文類[M/OL]. 北京: 1746: 2(右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. 
::[[Wt/mnc/sukdun|sukdun]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/weihuken|weihuken]] [[Wt/mnc/bolgo|bolgo]], [[Wt/mnc/wesihun|wesihun]] [[Wt/mnc/dekdehengge|dekdehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]],''
::[[Wt/mnc/氣|氣]][[Wt/mnc/之|之]][[Wt/mnc/輕|輕]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/上浮|上浮]][[Wt/mnc/者|者]][[Wt/mnc/爲|爲]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: 1771 ci aniya de folobuha bithe: 1771: 3 (hashū).
:清高宗弘歷敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 御製滿洲蒙古漢字三合切音清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 1771年刻本: 1771: 3(左).

*arasi sara unde. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'', kulun, ujui debtelin[M]. beging: ?: 1 (ici).
:佚名. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 四體合璧文鑑.乾卷.第1卷: 天文類1-1[M]. 北京: ?: 1(右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot;/ &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: dabkūri dorgi hoton de asarabuha bithe: ?: 2.
:清高宗弘歷敕撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, 御製五體清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 故宮博物院藏本: ?: 2.
:*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, uksurai cubanše tucibuhe. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui ubu[M]. beging: gugung bū u yuwan de asaraha: 1957: 2.
::清高宗弘歷敕撰. 民族出版社出版. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, 五體清文鑑.上冊[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 1957: 2.

*Захаров И И. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; абка&quot;, Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]. Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ: 1875: 24.

*渡部薫太郎. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 訂正滿洲語文典/dasaha manju gisun kooli[M]. 大阪: 大阪東洋學會: 1926: 33.

*金得榥. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 기초 滿韓辭典/datengge manju solho buleku bithe[M]. 서울: 대지문화사: 1950: 1. ISBN: 9788971551707.

*Haenisch E. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig: 1961: 26. [https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский] [2025-08-24]

*山本謙吾. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]. 東京: 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所: 1969: 99.

*羽田亨. &quot;Abka&quot;, 滿和辭典/manju ži ben gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 東京: 国書刊行会: 1972: 1.

*Norman J. &quot;ABKA&quot;, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]. Washington: University of Washington Press: 1978: 3. ISBN: 978-0-295-95574-2.

*刘厚生. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; Abka&quot;, 简明满汉辞典/šolokon manju nikan gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 开封: 河南大学出版社: 1988: 1. ISBN: 7-81018-052-5.

*安双成. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; Abka&quot;, 满汉大辞典/manju nikan yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 1993: 24. ISBN: 9787549709939.

*胡增益. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; abka¹&quot;, 新满汉大词典/ice manju nikan gisun kamcibuha buleku bithe (iche manzhu nikan gisun kamchibuha buleku bithe)[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 1994: 2. ISBN: 7-228-02404-4.

*河内良弘, 清瀬義三郎則府. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語文語入門[M]. 京都: 京都大学学術出版会: 2002: 4.

*刘厚生. &quot;天&quot;, 汉满辞典/nikan manju gisuni buleku bithe[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 2004: 566. ISBN: 7-105-06386-6.

*安双成. &quot;天①&quot;, 汉满大辞典/nikan manju yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 2007: 1023. ISBN: 978-7-80722-160-9.

*戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 59, 105. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.

*Norman J. &quot;abka&quot;, A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 2013: 2. ISBN: 978-1-68417-069-2.

*敖拉·毕力格. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;, 蒙汉满词典/monggo nikan manju buleku bithe[M]. 赤峰: 内蒙古科学技术出版社: 2016: 1099. ISBN: 978-7-5380-2677-1.

*贺忠德. &quot;天 ❶&quot;, 汉锡词典/nikan sibe gisun buleku bithe[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 2016: 1736. ISBN: 978-7-228-19207-6.

*王娣. 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学出版社: 2021: 247. ISBN: 978-7-5661-3324-3.

----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/daicing gurun -i yooni bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/daicing gurun -i yooni bithe, uju debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1717)|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1717), ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1743)|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1743), ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe, kulun, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gebsun|a]]</text>
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      <text bytes="37851" sha1="44kuozac27ctf0tasaydabye5fljm9i" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:A_blue_sky8.JPG|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ|ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᠨ|ᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ|ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
᠒᠄ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳᠩᡤᡝ ᡝᠸᠠᠩᡤᡝᠯᡳ᠇ᡠᠮ᠈ ᡳᠴᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ᠈ ᠮᠠᡨᡨᡝᡳ  ᡳ ᡠᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ᠈ ᠖:᠙-᠖:᠑᠐᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠸᡝ|ᠰᡠᠸᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠮᡠ|ᡩᠠᠮᡠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡨᡨᡠ|ᡨᡠᡨᡨᡠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᡳᠰᡠ|ᠪᠠᡳᠰᡠ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ|ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡠᠰᡝᡳ|ᠮᡠᠰᡝᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠴᠣᠯᠣ|ᠴᠣᠯᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠩᡤᡠᠯᡝᠮᡝ|ᡤᡳᠩᡤᡠᠯᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᡨᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠩᡤᡝᠯᡝᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᡝᠩᡤᡝᠯᡝᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠰᡝ|ᡥᡝᠰᡝ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡵᡝ|ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ|ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᠠ|ᠨᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
᠓᠄ ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ  ᡳ ᠶᠠᡵᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡴᠣᠣᠯᡳ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠮᡝ|ᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ|ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᡠᡳ|ᠵᡠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ|ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ|ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᡝ|ᠰᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠᠪᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠᠪᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡳ|ᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠨᡝᡶᡳ|ᡤᡝᠨᡝᡶᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ|ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ|ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᡝ|ᠰᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᡶᡳ|ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᡶᡳ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]'''[[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᡠᠯᡳᠩᡤᠠᡳ|ᡶᡠᠯᡳᠩᡤᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨ|ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡶᡳ|ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡶᡳ]]᠈&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡳᠯᡥᡳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠐᠘)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠑᠗)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠔᠓)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠗᠒)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠘᠐)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑''' &lt;br&gt;
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ ᠪᠠ᠉&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡧᡝᠨ ᡴᡳ ᠯᡳᠶᠠᠩ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠖᠘᠓᠄ ᠒᠘ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)
::*ᡧᡝᠨ ᡴᡳ ᠯᡳᠶᠠᠩ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠮᡠᡴᡩᡝᠨ᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠘᠄ ᠒᠕ (ᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠵᡳᠰᡝ ᠑᠖᠘᠓ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ)

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᡥᠣᡵᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠶᠠᠩᠰᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡩᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡶᡳ ᡧᡠᠸᠠᠰᡝᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠐᠘᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠖]᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠑᠗᠄ ᠑ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉ モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠙-᠐᠑]᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᡨᡝᠩᡤᡝᡵᡳ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠔᠓᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠙-᠐᠑]᠉

:*ᠵᡠᠸᡝᠨᡨᡠ᠈ ᡝᠮᡠ ᠪᡝ ᡨᠠᠴᡳᡶᡳ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᠠᡶᡠᡴᡳᠶᠠᡵᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠔᠖᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠖]᠉
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ|ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ|ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ|ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠨ|ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠈
::[[Wt/mnc/氣|氣]][[Wt/mnc/之|之]][[Wt/mnc/輕|輕]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/上浮|上浮]][[Wt/mnc/者|者]][[Wt/mnc/爲|爲]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄  ᠑᠗᠗᠑ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ ᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠑᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉

:*ᠠᡵᠠᠰᡳ ᠰᠠᡵᠠ ᡠᠨᡩᡝ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡴᡠᠯᡠᠨ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ?᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;آڛمان‬&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡩᠠᠪᡴᡡᡵᡳ ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳ ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ?᠄ ᠒᠉
::*ᡠᡴᠰᡠᡵᠠᡳ ᠴᡠᠪᠠᠨᡧᡝ ᡨᡠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᡝ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;آڛمان‬&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡠᠪᡠ᠈ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡤᡠᡤᡠᠩ ᠪᡡ ᡠ ᠶᡠᠸᠠᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ᠄ ᠑᠙᠕᠗᠄ ᠒᠉

:*Захаров И.И.᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ/абка&quot;᠈ Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]᠉ Санкт-Петербург᠄ Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ᠄ ᠑᠘᠗᠕᠄ ᠒᠔᠉

:*渡部薫太郎᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 訂正滿洲語文典/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠣᠣᠯᡳ[M]᠉ 大阪᠄ 大阪東洋學會᠄ ᠑᠙᠒᠖᠄ ᠓᠓᠉

:*金得榥᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 기초 滿韓辭典/ᡩᠠᡨᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠰᠣᠯᡥᠣ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 서울᠄ 대지문화사᠄ ᠑᠙᠕᠐᠄ ᠑᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘᠘᠙᠗᠑᠕᠕᠑᠗᠐᠗᠉

:*Haenisch E.᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]᠉ Leipzig᠄ VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig᠄ ᠑᠙᠖᠑᠄ ᠒᠖᠉ Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠔]᠉

:*山本謙吾᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]᠉ 東京᠄ 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所᠄ ᠑᠙᠖᠙᠄ ᠙᠙᠉

:*羽田亨᠉ &quot;Abka&quot;᠈ 滿和辭典/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡰᡳ ᠪᡝᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 東京᠄ 国書刊行会᠄ ᠑᠙᠗᠒᠄ ᠑᠉

:*Norman J.᠉ &quot;ABKA&quot;᠈ A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]᠉ Washington᠄ University of Washington Press᠄ ᠑᠙᠗᠘᠄ ᠓᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠐-᠒᠙᠕-᠙᠕᠕᠗᠔-᠒᠉

:*刘厚生᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; Abka&quot;᠈ 简明满汉辞典/ᡧᠣᠯᠣᡴᠣᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 开封᠄ 河南大学出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠘᠘᠄ ᠑᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠘᠑᠐᠑᠘-᠐᠕᠒-᠕᠉

:*安双成᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; Abka&quot;᠈ 满汉大辞典/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 沈阳᠄ 辽宁民族出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠙᠓᠄ ᠒᠔᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘᠗᠕᠔᠙᠗᠐᠙᠙᠓᠙᠉

:*胡增益᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; abka¹&quot;᠈ 新满汉大词典/ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 乌鲁木齐᠄ 新疆人民出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠙᠔᠄ ᠒᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠒᠒᠘-᠐᠒᠔᠐᠔-᠔᠉

:*河内良弘᠈ 清瀬義三郎則府᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 満洲語文語入門[M]᠉ 京都᠄ 京都大学学術出版会᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠒᠄ ᠔᠉

:*刘厚生᠉ &quot;天&quot;᠈ 汉满辞典/ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 北京᠄ 民族出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠔᠄ ᠕᠖᠖᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠑᠐᠕-᠐᠖᠓᠘᠖-᠖᠉

:*安双成᠉ &quot;天①&quot;᠈ 汉满大辞典/ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 沈阳᠄ 辽宁民族出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠗᠄ ᠑᠐᠒᠓᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠘᠐᠗᠒᠒-᠑᠖᠐-᠙᠉

:*戴光宇᠉ 三家子满语语音研究[M]᠉ 北京᠄ 北京大学出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠒᠄ ᠕᠙᠈ ᠑᠐᠕᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠓᠐᠑-᠒᠑᠒᠖᠘-᠔᠉

:*Norman J᠉ &quot;abka&quot;᠈ A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]᠉ Cambridge᠈ Massachusetts᠄ Harvard University Press᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠓᠄ ᠒᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠑-᠖᠘᠔᠑᠗-᠐᠖᠙-᠒᠉

:*敖拉·毕力格᠉ &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;᠈ 蒙汉满词典/ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 赤峰᠄ 内蒙古科学技术出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠖᠄ ᠑᠐᠙᠙᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠕᠓᠘᠐-᠒᠖᠗᠗-᠑᠉

:*贺忠德᠉ &quot;天 ❶&quot;᠈ 汉锡词典/ᠨᡞᡣᠠᠨ ᠰᡞᠪᡝ ᡤᡞᠰᡠᠨ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡣᡠ ᠪᡞᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 乌鲁木齐᠄ 新疆人民出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠖᠄ ᠑᠗᠓᠖᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠒᠒᠘-᠑᠙᠒᠐᠗-᠖᠉

:*王娣᠉ 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]᠉ 哈尔滨᠄ 哈尔滨工程大学出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠒᠑᠄ ᠒᠔᠗᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠕᠖᠖᠑-᠓᠓᠒᠔-᠓᠉
}}


=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''abka'''
:abkai durun: '''abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''abka'''

=== mudan === 
*[[Wp/mnc/manju gisun|manju gisun]]:
**([[Wp/mnc/ilan boo|ilan boo]]) IPA: /ˈɑvqʰə/, /ˈɑpqʰə/
**([[Wp/mnc/sahaliyan ula (hoton)|sahaliyan ula]]) IPA: /ɑbɡɑ/
**([[Wp/mnc/beging|beging]]) IPA: /abkˈa/
*(''bala gisun'') IPA: /apˈkˈa/
*([[Wp/mnc/alcuka gisun|alcuka gisun]]) IPA: /avkˈa/

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/den|den]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehengge|elbehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. sing li [[Wt/mnc/bithede|bithede]], [[Wp/mnc/judzi|judzi]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/henduhengge|henduhengge]], '''abka''', [[Wt/mnc/in yang|in yang]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/a|a]] [[Wt/mnc/e|e]]&lt;/ref&gt;, [[Wt/mnc/sunja feten|sunja feten]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/wembume|wembume]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibumbi|banjibumbi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]]. [[Wt/mnc/luwen ioi|luwen ioi]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/leolen gisuren|leolen gisuren]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/bithede|bithede]], [[Wt/mnc/colgoropi|colgoropi]] [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/amba|amba]], [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] [[Wp/mnc/yoo han|yoo]] [[Wt/mnc/teherembi|teherembi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/den|den]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehengge|elbehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::very high ten.thousand thing ACC cover-PERF.PTCP-NOMI ACC '''sky''' say-IMPF.INDI
# 
#:enduringge ewanggeli'um, ice hese, mattei -i ulaha songkoi, 6:9-6:10:
#:《聖經·新約全書·馬太福音》第六章第九節-第六章第十節
#::[[Wt/mnc/suwe|suwe]] [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] [[Wt/mnc/tuttu|tuttu]] [[Wt/mnc/jalbarime|jalbarime]] [[Wt/mnc/baisu|baisu]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/bisire|bisire]] [[Wt/mnc/musei|musei]] [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/colo|colo]] [[Wt/mnc/gingguleme|gingguleme]] [[Wt/mnc/tukiyekini|tukiyekini]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/enggelenjikini|enggelenjikini]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/hese|hese]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/yabubure|yabubure]] [[Wt/mnc/songkoi|songkoi]] [[Wt/mnc/na|na]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/yabubukini|yabubukini]].
#::2.PL only like.that pray-IMPF.CONV ask.for.IMP, '''heaven''' DAT be.IMPF.ADN 1.PL.INCL-GEN father father GEN title honor-IMPF.CONV praise-OPT father GEN state come-VEN-OPT father GEN edict '''heaven''' DAT perform-CAUS-IMPF.ADN according.to earth DAT perform-CAUS-OPT
# 
#:''manju -i yargiyan kooli'', ujui debtelin:
#:《滿洲實錄》卷一
#::[[Wt/mnc/eme|eme]] [[Wt/mnc/hendume|hendume]], [[Wt/mnc/jui|jui]] [[Wt/mnc/simbe|simbe]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/facuhūn|facuhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/dasame|dasame]] [[Wt/mnc/banjikini|banjikini]] [[Wt/mnc/seme|seme]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibuhabi|banjibuhabi]], [[Wt/mnc/si|si]] [[Wt/mnc/genefi|genefi]] [[Wt/mnc/facuhūn|facuhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/dasame|dasame]] [[Wt/mnc/toktobume|toktobume]] [[Wt/mnc/banji|banji]] [[Wt/mnc/seme|seme]] [[Wt/mnc/hendufi|hendufi]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/fulinggai|fulinggai]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibuha|banjibuha]] [[Wt/mnc/turgun|turgun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/giyan giyan -i|giyan giyan -i]] [[Wt/mnc/tacibufi|tacibufi]],
#::mother say-IMPF.CONV son 2.SG-ACC '''god''' disorder state ACC correct-IMPF.CONV live-OPT mean-IMPF.CONV give.birth.to-CAUS-PERF.CONCL 2.SG go-PERF.CONV disorder state ACC correct-IMPF.CONV pacify-CAUS-IMPF.CONV live.IMP mean-IMPF.CONV say-PERF.CONV '''god''' GEN lucky-GEN give.birth.to-CAUS-PERF.ADN reason ACC in.detail&lt;!--giyan giyan -i=in.detail--&gt; learn-CAUS-PERF.CONV[teach-PERF.CONV]&lt;!--tacimbi=learn-IMPF.CONCL; tacibumbi=learn-CAUS-IMPF.CONCL=teach-IMPF.CONCL; tacibufi=learn-CAUS-PERF.CONV=teach-PERF.CONV--&gt;
#::[[Wt/mnc/nikan gisun|nikan gisun]]: [[Wt/mnc/母|母]][[Wt/mnc/告|告]][[Wt/mnc/子|子]][[Wt/mnc/曰|曰]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''[[Wt/mnc/生|生]][[Wt/mnc/汝|汝]][[Wt/mnc/實|實]][[Wt/mnc/令|令]][[Wt/mnc/汝|汝]][[Wt/mnc/以|以]][[Wt/mnc/定|定]][[Wt/mnc/亂|亂]][[Wt/mnc/國|國]][[Wt/mnc/可|可]][[Wt/mnc/往|往]][[Wt/mnc/彼處|彼處]][[Wt/mnc/將|將]][[Wt/mnc/所|所]][[Wt/mnc/生|生]][[Wt/mnc/緣由|緣由]][[Wt/mnc/一一|一一]][[Wt/mnc/詳|詳]][[Wt/mnc/說|說]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1772): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'' (?): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (?): '''1''' 
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (?): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→

== sibe gisun == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci sibe hergen -i araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|ᠠᠪᡣᠠ}} (abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== sibe hergen === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}}

=== mudan === 
*IPA: /ˀafqaˑ/

===  gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}} (abka)
:1.

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

== aisilara bithe cagan ==
&lt;references /&gt;
*šen ki liyang. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]'''}}&quot;, ''daicing gurun -i yooni bithe'', uju debtelin[M]. beging: 1683: 28 (hashū).
:沈啓亮. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}&quot;, 大清全書.第一巻[M]. 北京: 京師宛羽齋刻本, 1683: 28(左).
:*沈启亮. 大清全书[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社, 2008: 25. (原刻本1683年)

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2025-08-26].
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1 (右). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2025-08-26]. 

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], beging: 1717: 1 (hashū). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2025-09-01].
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京: 1717: 1 (左). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2025-09-01].

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], beging: 1743: 1 (ici).  [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. 
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京:1743: 1 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. 

*juwentu. ''emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1746: 2 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. 
:肫圖. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 一學三貫清文鑑.卷1: 天文類[M/OL]. 北京: 1746: 2(右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. 
::[[Wt/mnc/sukdun|sukdun]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/weihuken|weihuken]] [[Wt/mnc/bolgo|bolgo]], [[Wt/mnc/wesihun|wesihun]] [[Wt/mnc/dekdehengge|dekdehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]],''
::[[Wt/mnc/氣|氣]][[Wt/mnc/之|之]][[Wt/mnc/輕|輕]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/上浮|上浮]][[Wt/mnc/者|者]][[Wt/mnc/爲|爲]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: 1771 ci aniya de folobuha bithe: 1771: 3 (hashū).
:清高宗弘歷敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 御製滿洲蒙古漢字三合切音清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 1771年刻本: 1771: 3(左).

*arasi sara unde. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'', kulun, ujui debtelin[M]. beging: ?: 1 (ici).
:佚名. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 四體合璧文鑑.乾卷.第1卷: 天文類1-1[M]. 北京: ?: 1(右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot;/ &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: dabkūri dorgi hoton de asarabuha bithe: ?: 2.
:清高宗弘歷敕撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, 御製五體清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 故宮博物院藏本: ?: 2.
:*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, uksurai cubanše tucibuhe. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui ubu[M]. beging: gugung bū u yuwan de asaraha: 1957: 2.
::清高宗弘歷敕撰. 民族出版社出版. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, 五體清文鑑.上冊[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 1957: 2.

*Захаров И И. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; абка&quot;, Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]. Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ: 1875: 24.

*渡部薫太郎. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 訂正滿洲語文典/dasaha manju gisun kooli[M]. 大阪: 大阪東洋學會: 1926: 33.

*金得榥. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 기초 滿韓辭典/datengge manju solho buleku bithe[M]. 서울: 대지문화사: 1950: 1. ISBN: 9788971551707.

*Haenisch E. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig: 1961: 26. [https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский] [2025-08-24]

*山本謙吾. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]. 東京: 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所: 1969: 99.

*羽田亨. &quot;Abka&quot;, 滿和辭典/manju ži ben gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 東京: 国書刊行会: 1972: 1.

*Norman J. &quot;ABKA&quot;, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]. Washington: University of Washington Press: 1978: 3. ISBN: 978-0-295-95574-2.

*刘厚生. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; Abka&quot;, 简明满汉辞典/šolokon manju nikan gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 开封: 河南大学出版社: 1988: 1. ISBN: 7-81018-052-5.

*安双成. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; Abka&quot;, 满汉大辞典/manju nikan yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 1993: 24. ISBN: 9787549709939.

*胡增益. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; abka¹&quot;, 新满汉大词典/ice manju nikan gisun kamcibuha buleku bithe (iche manzhu nikan gisun kamchibuha buleku bithe)[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 1994: 2. ISBN: 7-228-02404-4.

*河内良弘, 清瀬義三郎則府. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語文語入門[M]. 京都: 京都大学学術出版会: 2002: 4.

*刘厚生. &quot;天&quot;, 汉满辞典/nikan manju gisuni buleku bithe[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 2004: 566. ISBN: 7-105-06386-6.

*安双成. &quot;天①&quot;, 汉满大辞典/nikan manju yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 2007: 1023. ISBN: 978-7-80722-160-9.

*戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 59, 105. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.

*Norman J. &quot;abka&quot;, A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 2013: 2. ISBN: 978-1-68417-069-2.

*敖拉·毕力格. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;, 蒙汉满词典/monggo nikan manju buleku bithe[M]. 赤峰: 内蒙古科学技术出版社: 2016: 1099. ISBN: 978-7-5380-2677-1.

*贺忠德. &quot;天 ❶&quot;, 汉锡词典/nikan sibe gisun buleku bithe[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 2016: 1736. ISBN: 978-7-228-19207-6.

*王娣. 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学出版社: 2021: 247. ISBN: 978-7-5661-3324-3.

----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/daicing gurun -i yooni bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/daicing gurun -i yooni bithe, uju debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1717)|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1717), ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1743)|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1743), ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe, kulun, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gebsun|a]]</text>
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      <text bytes="37619" sha1="p8laxx9nfqj8k8ejkfd0wwz1bjbn0gh" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:A_blue_sky8.JPG|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ|ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᠨ|ᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ|ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
᠒᠄ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳᠩᡤᡝ ᡝᠸᠠᠩᡤᡝᠯᡳ᠇ᡠᠮ᠈ ᡳᠴᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ᠈ ᠮᠠᡨᡨᡝᡳ  ᡳ ᡠᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ᠈ ᠖:᠙-᠖:᠑᠐᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠸᡝ|ᠰᡠᠸᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠮᡠ|ᡩᠠᠮᡠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡨᡨᡠ|ᡨᡠᡨᡨᡠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᡳᠰᡠ|ᠪᠠᡳᠰᡠ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ|ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡠᠰᡝᡳ|ᠮᡠᠰᡝᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠴᠣᠯᠣ|ᠴᠣᠯᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠩᡤᡠᠯᡝᠮᡝ|ᡤᡳᠩᡤᡠᠯᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᡨᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠩᡤᡝᠯᡝᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᡝᠩᡤᡝᠯᡝᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠰᡝ|ᡥᡝᠰᡝ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡵᡝ|ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ|ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᠠ|ᠨᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
᠓᠄ ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ  ᡳ ᠶᠠᡵᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡴᠣᠣᠯᡳ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠮᡝ|ᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ|ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᡠᡳ|ᠵᡠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ|ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ|ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᡝ|ᠰᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠᠪᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠᠪᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡳ|ᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠨᡝᡶᡳ|ᡤᡝᠨᡝᡶᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ|ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ|ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᡝ|ᠰᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᡶᡳ|ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᡶᡳ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]'''[[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᡠᠯᡳᠩᡤᠠᡳ|ᡶᡠᠯᡳᠩᡤᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨ|ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡶᡳ|ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡶᡳ]]᠈&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡳᠯᡥᡳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠐᠘)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠑᠗)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠔᠓)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠗᠒)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠘᠐)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑''' &lt;br&gt;
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ ᠪᠠ᠉&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡧᡝᠨ ᡴᡳ ᠯᡳᠶᠠᠩ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠖᠘᠓᠄ ᠒᠘ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)
::*ᡧᡝᠨ ᡴᡳ ᠯᡳᠶᠠᠩ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠮᡠᡴᡩᡝᠨ᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠘᠄ ᠒᠕ (ᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠵᡳᠰᡝ ᠑᠖᠘᠓ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ)

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᡥᠣᡵᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠶᠠᠩᠰᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡩᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡶᡳ ᡧᡠᠸᠠᠰᡝᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠐᠘᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠖]᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠑᠗᠄ ᠑ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉ モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠙-᠐᠑]᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᡨᡝᠩᡤᡝᡵᡳ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠔᠓᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠙-᠐᠑]᠉

:*ᠵᡠᠸᡝᠨᡨᡠ᠈ ᡝᠮᡠ ᠪᡝ ᡨᠠᠴᡳᡶᡳ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᠠᡶᡠᡴᡳᠶᠠᡵᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠔᠖᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠖]᠉
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ|ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ|ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ|ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠨ|ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠈
::[[Wt/mnc/氣|氣]][[Wt/mnc/之|之]][[Wt/mnc/輕|輕]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/上浮|上浮]][[Wt/mnc/者|者]][[Wt/mnc/爲|爲]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄  ᠑᠗᠗᠑ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ ᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠑᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉

:*ᠠᡵᠠᠰᡳ ᠰᠠᡵᠠ ᡠᠨᡩᡝ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡴᡠᠯᡠᠨ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ?᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;آڛمان‬&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡩᠠᠪᡴᡡᡵᡳ ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳ ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ?᠄ ᠒᠉
::*ᡠᡴᠰᡠᡵᠠᡳ ᠴᡠᠪᠠᠨᡧᡝ ᡨᡠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᡝ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;آڛمان‬&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡠᠪᡠ᠈ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡤᡠᡤᡠᠩ ᠪᡡ ᡠ ᠶᡠᠸᠠᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ᠄ ᠑᠙᠕᠗᠄ ᠒᠉

:*Захаров И.И.᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ/абка&quot;᠈ Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]᠉ Санкт-Петербург᠄ Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ᠄ ᠑᠘᠗᠕᠄ ᠒᠔᠉

:*渡部薫太郎᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 訂正滿洲語文典/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠣᠣᠯᡳ[M]᠉ 大阪᠄ 大阪東洋學會᠄ ᠑᠙᠒᠖᠄ ᠓᠓᠉

:*金得榥᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 기초 滿韓辭典/ᡩᠠᡨᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠰᠣᠯᡥᠣ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 서울᠄ 대지문화사᠄ ᠑᠙᠕᠐᠄ ᠑᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘᠘᠙᠗᠑᠕᠕᠑᠗᠐᠗᠉

:*Haenisch E.᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]᠉ Leipzig᠄ VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig᠄ ᠑᠙᠖᠑᠄ ᠒᠖᠉ Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠔]᠉

:*山本謙吾᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]᠉ 東京᠄ 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所᠄ ᠑᠙᠖᠙᠄ ᠙᠙᠉

:*羽田亨᠉ &quot;Abka&quot;᠈ 滿和辭典/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡰᡳ ᠪᡝᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 東京᠄ 国書刊行会᠄ ᠑᠙᠗᠒᠄ ᠑᠉

:*Norman J.᠉ &quot;ABKA&quot;᠈ A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]᠉ Washington᠄ University of Washington Press᠄ ᠑᠙᠗᠘᠄ ᠓᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠐-᠒᠙᠕-᠙᠕᠕᠗᠔-᠒᠉

:*刘厚生᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; Abka&quot;᠈ 简明满汉辞典/ᡧᠣᠯᠣᡴᠣᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 开封᠄ 河南大学出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠘᠘᠄ ᠑᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠘᠑᠐᠑᠘-᠐᠕᠒-᠕᠉

:*安双成᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; Abka&quot;᠈ 满汉大辞典/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 沈阳᠄ 辽宁民族出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠙᠓᠄ ᠒᠔᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘᠗᠕᠔᠙᠗᠐᠙᠙᠓᠙᠉

:*胡增益᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; abka¹&quot;᠈ 新满汉大词典/ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 乌鲁木齐᠄ 新疆人民出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠙᠔᠄ ᠒᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠒᠒᠘-᠐᠒᠔᠐᠔-᠔᠉

:*河内良弘᠈ 清瀬義三郎則府᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 満洲語文語入門[M]᠉ 京都᠄ 京都大学学術出版会᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠒᠄ ᠔᠉

:*刘厚生᠉ &quot;天&quot;᠈ 汉满辞典/ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 北京᠄ 民族出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠔᠄ ᠕᠖᠖᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠑᠐᠕-᠐᠖᠓᠘᠖-᠖᠉

:*安双成᠉ &quot;天①&quot;᠈ 汉满大辞典/ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 沈阳᠄ 辽宁民族出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠗᠄ ᠑᠐᠒᠓᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠘᠐᠗᠒᠒-᠑᠖᠐-᠙᠉

:*戴光宇᠉ 三家子满语语音研究[M]᠉ 北京᠄ 北京大学出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠒᠄ ᠕᠙᠈ ᠑᠐᠕᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠓᠐᠑-᠒᠑᠒᠖᠘-᠔᠉

:*Norman J᠉ &quot;abka&quot;᠈ A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]᠉ Cambridge᠈ Massachusetts᠄ Harvard University Press᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠓᠄ ᠒᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠑-᠖᠘᠔᠑᠗-᠐᠖᠙-᠒᠉

:*敖拉·毕力格᠉ &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;᠈ 蒙汉满词典/ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 赤峰᠄ 内蒙古科学技术出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠖᠄ ᠑᠐᠙᠙᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠕᠓᠘᠐-᠒᠖᠗᠗-᠑᠉

:*贺忠德᠉ &quot;天 ❶&quot;᠈ 汉锡词典/ᠨᡞᡣᠠᠨ ᠰᡞᠪᡝ ᡤᡞᠰᡠᠨ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡣᡠ ᠪᡞᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 乌鲁木齐᠄ 新疆人民出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠖᠄ ᠑᠗᠓᠖᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠒᠒᠘-᠑᠙᠒᠐᠗-᠖᠉

:*王娣᠉ 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]᠉ 哈尔滨᠄ 哈尔滨工程大学出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠒᠑᠄ ᠒᠔᠗᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠕᠖᠖᠑-᠓᠓᠒᠔-᠓᠉
}}


=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''abka'''
:abkai durun: '''abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''abka'''

=== mudan === 
*[[Wp/mnc/manju gisun|manju gisun]]:
**([[Wp/mnc/ilan boo|ilan boo]]) IPA: /ˈɑvqʰə/, /ˈɑpqʰə/
**([[Wp/mnc/sahaliyan ula (hoton)|sahaliyan ula]]) IPA: /ɑbɡɑ/
**([[Wp/mnc/beging|beging]]) IPA: /abkˈa/
*(''bala gisun'') IPA: /apˈkˈa/
*([[Wp/mnc/alcuka gisun|alcuka gisun]]) IPA: /avkˈa/

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/den|den]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehengge|elbehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. sing li [[Wt/mnc/bithede|bithede]], [[Wp/mnc/judzi|judzi]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/henduhengge|henduhengge]], '''abka''', [[Wt/mnc/in yang|in yang]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/a|a]] [[Wt/mnc/e|e]]&lt;/ref&gt;, [[Wt/mnc/sunja feten|sunja feten]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/wembume|wembume]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibumbi|banjibumbi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]]. [[Wt/mnc/luwen ioi|luwen ioi]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/leolen gisuren|leolen gisuren]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/bithede|bithede]], [[Wt/mnc/colgoropi|colgoropi]] [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/amba|amba]], [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] [[Wp/mnc/yoo han|yoo]] [[Wt/mnc/teherembi|teherembi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/den|den]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehengge|elbehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::very high ten.thousand thing ACC cover-PERF.PTCP-NOMI ACC '''sky''' say-IMPF.INDI
# 
#:enduringge ewanggeli'um, ice hese, mattei -i ulaha songkoi, 6:9-6:10:
#:《聖經·新約全書·馬太福音》第六章第九節-第六章第十節
#::[[Wt/mnc/suwe|suwe]] [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] [[Wt/mnc/tuttu|tuttu]] [[Wt/mnc/jalbarime|jalbarime]] [[Wt/mnc/baisu|baisu]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/bisire|bisire]] [[Wt/mnc/musei|musei]] [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/colo|colo]] [[Wt/mnc/gingguleme|gingguleme]] [[Wt/mnc/tukiyekini|tukiyekini]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/enggelenjikini|enggelenjikini]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/hese|hese]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/yabubure|yabubure]] [[Wt/mnc/songkoi|songkoi]] [[Wt/mnc/na|na]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/yabubukini|yabubukini]].
#::2.PL only like.that pray-IMPF.CONV ask.for.IMP, '''heaven''' DAT be.IMPF.ADN 1.PL.INCL-GEN father father GEN title honor-IMPF.CONV praise-OPT father GEN state come-VEN-OPT father GEN edict '''heaven''' DAT perform-CAUS-IMPF.ADN according.to earth DAT perform-CAUS-OPT
# 
#:''manju -i yargiyan kooli'', ujui debtelin:
#:《滿洲實錄》卷一
#::[[Wt/mnc/eme|eme]] [[Wt/mnc/hendume|hendume]], [[Wt/mnc/jui|jui]] [[Wt/mnc/simbe|simbe]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/facuhūn|facuhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/dasame|dasame]] [[Wt/mnc/banjikini|banjikini]] [[Wt/mnc/seme|seme]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibuhabi|banjibuhabi]], [[Wt/mnc/si|si]] [[Wt/mnc/genefi|genefi]] [[Wt/mnc/facuhūn|facuhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/dasame|dasame]] [[Wt/mnc/toktobume|toktobume]] [[Wt/mnc/banji|banji]] [[Wt/mnc/seme|seme]] [[Wt/mnc/hendufi|hendufi]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/fulinggai|fulinggai]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibuha|banjibuha]] [[Wt/mnc/turgun|turgun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/giyan giyan -i|giyan giyan -i]] [[Wt/mnc/tacibufi|tacibufi]],
#::mother say-IMPF.CONV son 2.SG-ACC '''god''' disorder state ACC correct-IMPF.CONV live-OPT mean-IMPF.CONV give.birth.to-CAUS-PERF.CONCL 2.SG go-PERF.CONV disorder state ACC correct-IMPF.CONV pacify-CAUS-IMPF.CONV live.IMP mean-IMPF.CONV say-PERF.CONV '''god''' GEN lucky-GEN give.birth.to-CAUS-PERF.ADN reason ACC in.detail&lt;!--giyan giyan -i=in.detail--&gt; learn-CAUS-PERF.CONV[teach-PERF.CONV]&lt;!--tacimbi=learn-IMPF.CONCL; tacibumbi=learn-CAUS-IMPF.CONCL=teach-IMPF.CONCL; tacibufi=learn-CAUS-PERF.CONV=teach-PERF.CONV--&gt;
#::[[Wt/mnc/nikan gisun|nikan gisun]]: [[Wt/mnc/母|母]][[Wt/mnc/告|告]][[Wt/mnc/子|子]][[Wt/mnc/曰|曰]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''[[Wt/mnc/生|生]][[Wt/mnc/汝|汝]][[Wt/mnc/實|實]][[Wt/mnc/令|令]][[Wt/mnc/汝|汝]][[Wt/mnc/以|以]][[Wt/mnc/定|定]][[Wt/mnc/亂|亂]][[Wt/mnc/國|國]][[Wt/mnc/可|可]][[Wt/mnc/往|往]][[Wt/mnc/彼處|彼處]][[Wt/mnc/將|將]][[Wt/mnc/所|所]][[Wt/mnc/生|生]][[Wt/mnc/緣由|緣由]][[Wt/mnc/一一|一一]][[Wt/mnc/詳|詳]][[Wt/mnc/說|說]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1772): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'' (?): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (?): '''1''' 
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (?): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→

== sibe gisun == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci sibe hergen -i araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|ᠠᠪᡣᠠ}} (abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== sibe hergen === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}}

=== mudan === 
*IPA: /ˀafqaˑ/

===  gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}} (abka)
:1.

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

== aisilara bithe cagan ==
&lt;references /&gt;
*šen ki liyang. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]'''}}&quot;, ''daicing gurun -i yooni bithe'', uju debtelin[M]. beging: 1683: 28 (hashū).
:沈啓亮. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}&quot;, 大清全書.第一巻[M]. 北京: 京師宛羽齋刻本, 1683: 28(左).
:*沈启亮. 大清全书[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社, 2008: 25. (原刻本1683年)

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici).
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1 (右).
:[http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2025-08-26].

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], beging: 1717: 1 (hashū). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2025-09-01].
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京: 1717: 1 (左). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2025-09-01].

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], beging: 1743: 1 (ici).  [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. 
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京:1743: 1 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. 

*juwentu. ''emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1746: 2 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. 
:肫圖. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 一學三貫清文鑑.卷1: 天文類[M/OL]. 北京: 1746: 2(右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. 
::[[Wt/mnc/sukdun|sukdun]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/weihuken|weihuken]] [[Wt/mnc/bolgo|bolgo]], [[Wt/mnc/wesihun|wesihun]] [[Wt/mnc/dekdehengge|dekdehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]],''
::[[Wt/mnc/氣|氣]][[Wt/mnc/之|之]][[Wt/mnc/輕|輕]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/上浮|上浮]][[Wt/mnc/者|者]][[Wt/mnc/爲|爲]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: 1771 ci aniya de folobuha bithe: 1771: 3 (hashū).
:清高宗弘歷敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 御製滿洲蒙古漢字三合切音清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 1771年刻本: 1771: 3(左).

*arasi sara unde. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'', kulun, ujui debtelin[M]. beging: ?: 1 (ici).
:佚名. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 四體合璧文鑑.乾卷.第1卷: 天文類1-1[M]. 北京: ?: 1(右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot;/ &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: dabkūri dorgi hoton de asarabuha bithe: ?: 2.
:清高宗弘歷敕撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, 御製五體清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 故宮博物院藏本: ?: 2.
:*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, uksurai cubanše tucibuhe. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui ubu[M]. beging: gugung bū u yuwan de asaraha: 1957: 2.
::清高宗弘歷敕撰. 民族出版社出版. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, 五體清文鑑.上冊[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 1957: 2.

*Захаров И И. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; абка&quot;, Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]. Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ: 1875: 24.

*渡部薫太郎. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 訂正滿洲語文典/dasaha manju gisun kooli[M]. 大阪: 大阪東洋學會: 1926: 33.

*金得榥. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 기초 滿韓辭典/datengge manju solho buleku bithe[M]. 서울: 대지문화사: 1950: 1. ISBN: 9788971551707.

*Haenisch E. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig: 1961: 26. [https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский] [2025-08-24]

*山本謙吾. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]. 東京: 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所: 1969: 99.

*羽田亨. &quot;Abka&quot;, 滿和辭典/manju ži ben gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 東京: 国書刊行会: 1972: 1.

*Norman J. &quot;ABKA&quot;, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]. Washington: University of Washington Press: 1978: 3. ISBN: 978-0-295-95574-2.

*刘厚生. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; Abka&quot;, 简明满汉辞典/šolokon manju nikan gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 开封: 河南大学出版社: 1988: 1. ISBN: 7-81018-052-5.

*安双成. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; Abka&quot;, 满汉大辞典/manju nikan yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 1993: 24. ISBN: 9787549709939.

*胡增益. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; abka¹&quot;, 新满汉大词典/ice manju nikan gisun kamcibuha buleku bithe (iche manzhu nikan gisun kamchibuha buleku bithe)[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 1994: 2. ISBN: 7-228-02404-4.

*河内良弘, 清瀬義三郎則府. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語文語入門[M]. 京都: 京都大学学術出版会: 2002: 4.

*刘厚生. &quot;天&quot;, 汉满辞典/nikan manju gisuni buleku bithe[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 2004: 566. ISBN: 7-105-06386-6.

*安双成. &quot;天①&quot;, 汉满大辞典/nikan manju yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 2007: 1023. ISBN: 978-7-80722-160-9.

*戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 59, 105. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.

*Norman J. &quot;abka&quot;, A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 2013: 2. ISBN: 978-1-68417-069-2.

*敖拉·毕力格. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;, 蒙汉满词典/monggo nikan manju buleku bithe[M]. 赤峰: 内蒙古科学技术出版社: 2016: 1099. ISBN: 978-7-5380-2677-1.

*贺忠德. &quot;天 ❶&quot;, 汉锡词典/nikan sibe gisun buleku bithe[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 2016: 1736. ISBN: 978-7-228-19207-6.

*王娣. 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学出版社: 2021: 247. ISBN: 978-7-5661-3324-3.

----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/daicing gurun -i yooni bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/daicing gurun -i yooni bithe, uju debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1717)|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1717), ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1743)|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1743), ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe, kulun, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gebsun|a]]</text>
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      <text bytes="37597" sha1="bmxr0os7peuvhxeuo1jgqruct5gz6x4" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:A_blue_sky8.JPG|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ|ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᠨ|ᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ|ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
᠒᠄ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳᠩᡤᡝ ᡝᠸᠠᠩᡤᡝᠯᡳ᠇ᡠᠮ᠈ ᡳᠴᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ᠈ ᠮᠠᡨᡨᡝᡳ  ᡳ ᡠᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ᠈ ᠖:᠙-᠖:᠑᠐᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠸᡝ|ᠰᡠᠸᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠮᡠ|ᡩᠠᠮᡠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡨᡨᡠ|ᡨᡠᡨᡨᡠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠠᠯᠪᠠᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᡳᠰᡠ|ᠪᠠᡳᠰᡠ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ|ᠪᡳᠰᡳᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡠᠰᡝᡳ|ᠮᡠᠰᡝᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠴᠣᠯᠣ|ᠴᠣᠯᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠩᡤᡠᠯᡝᠮᡝ|ᡤᡳᠩᡤᡠᠯᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᡨᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠩᡤᡝᠯᡝᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᡝᠩᡤᡝᠯᡝᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠠ|ᠠᠮᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠰᡝ|ᡥᡝᠰᡝ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡵᡝ|ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ|ᠰᠣᠩᡴᠣᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᠠ|ᠨᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᠶᠠᠪᡠᠪᡠᡴᡳᠨᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
᠓᠄ ᡝᠨᡩᡠᡵᡳ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ  ᡳ ᠶᠠᡵᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡴᠣᠣᠯᡳ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠮᡝ|ᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ|ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᠮᡝ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᡠᡳ|ᠵᡠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ|ᠰᡳᠮᠪᡝ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ|ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᡴᡳᠨᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᡝ|ᠰᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠᠪᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠᠪᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡳ|ᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠨᡝᡶᡳ|ᡤᡝᠨᡝᡶᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᠴᡠᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ|ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ|ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ|ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᡝ|ᠰᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᡶᡳ|ᡥᡝᠨᡩᡠᡶᡳ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]'''[[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᡠᠯᡳᠩᡤᠠᡳ|ᡶᡠᠯᡳᠩᡤᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ|ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨ|ᡨᡠᡵᡤᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ|ᡤᡳᠶᠠᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡶᡳ|ᡨᠠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡶᡳ]]᠈&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡳᠯᡥᡳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠐᠘)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠑᠗)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠔᠓)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠗᠒)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠘᠐)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑''' &lt;br&gt;
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠑'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [ᠠᡴᡡ] -- '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠑) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠒)↓&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ ᠪᠠ᠉&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡧᡝᠨ ᡴᡳ ᠯᡳᠶᠠᠩ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠖᠘᠓᠄ ᠒᠘ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)
::*ᡧᡝᠨ ᡴᡳ ᠯᡳᠶᠠᠩ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠶᠣᠣᠨᡳ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠮᡠᡴᡩᡝᠨ᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠘᠄ ᠒᠕ (ᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠵᡳᠰᡝ ᠑᠖᠘᠓ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ)

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᡥᠣᡵᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠶᠠᠩᠰᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡩᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡶᡳ ᡧᡠᠸᠠᠰᡝᠯᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠐᠘᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠖]᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠑᠗᠄ ᠑ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉ モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠙-᠐᠑]᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡧᡝᠩᡯᡠ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᡨᡝᠩᡤᡝᡵᡳ&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠔᠓᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠙-᠐᠑]᠉

:*ᠵᡠᠸᡝᠨᡨᡠ᠈ ᡝᠮᡠ ᠪᡝ ᡨᠠᠴᡳᡶᡳ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᠠᡶᡠᡴᡳᠶᠠᡵᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M/OL]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᠑᠗᠔᠖᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉ 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠖]᠉
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ|ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ| ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ|ᠸᡝᡳᡥᡠᡴᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ|ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠨ|ᠸᡝᠰᡳᡥᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡩᡝᡴᡩᡝᡥᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠈
::[[Wt/mnc/氣|氣]][[Wt/mnc/之|之]][[Wt/mnc/輕|輕]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/上浮|上浮]][[Wt/mnc/者|者]][[Wt/mnc/爲|爲]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄  ᠑᠗᠗᠑ ᠴᡳ ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ ᡩᡝ ᡶᠣᠯᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠑᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉

:*ᠠᡵᠠᠰᡳ ᠰᠠᡵᠠ ᡠᠨᡩᡝ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡴᡠᠯᡠᠨ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ?᠄ ᠑ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉

:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;آڛمان‬&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡩᠠᠪᡴᡡᡵᡳ ᡩᠣᡵᡤᡳ ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ?᠄ ᠒᠉
::*ᡠᡴᠰᡠᡵᠠᡳ ᠴᡠᠪᠠᠨᡧᡝ ᡨᡠᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᡝ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;آڛمان‬&quot;/&quot;天&quot;᠈ ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡠᠪᡠ᠈ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡤᡠᡤᡠᠩ ᠪᡡ ᡠ ᠶᡠᠸᠠᠨ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ᠄ ᠑᠙᠕᠗᠄ ᠒᠉

:*Захаров И.И.᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ/абка&quot;᠈ Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]᠉ Санкт-Петербург᠄ Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ᠄ ᠑᠘᠗᠕᠄ ᠒᠔᠉

:*渡部薫太郎᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 訂正滿洲語文典/ᡩᠠᠰᠠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠣᠣᠯᡳ[M]᠉ 大阪᠄ 大阪東洋學會᠄ ᠑᠙᠒᠖᠄ ᠓᠓᠉

:*金得榥᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 기초 滿韓辭典/ᡩᠠᡨᡝᠩᡤᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠰᠣᠯᡥᠣ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 서울᠄ 대지문화사᠄ ᠑᠙᠕᠐᠄ ᠑᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘᠘᠙᠗᠑᠕᠕᠑᠗᠐᠗᠉

:*Haenisch E.᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]᠉ Leipzig᠄ VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig᠄ ᠑᠙᠖᠑᠄ ᠒᠖᠉ Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский᠈ [᠒᠐᠒᠕-᠐᠘-᠒᠔]᠉

:*山本謙吾᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]᠉ 東京᠄ 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所᠄ ᠑᠙᠖᠙᠄ ᠙᠙᠉

:*羽田亨᠉ &quot;Abka&quot;᠈ 滿和辭典/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡰᡳ ᠪᡝᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 東京᠄ 国書刊行会᠄ ᠑᠙᠗᠒᠄ ᠑᠉

:*Norman J.᠉ &quot;ABKA&quot;᠈ A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]᠉ Washington᠄ University of Washington Press᠄ ᠑᠙᠗᠘᠄ ᠓᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠐-᠒᠙᠕-᠙᠕᠕᠗᠔-᠒᠉

:*刘厚生᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; Abka&quot;᠈ 简明满汉辞典/ᡧᠣᠯᠣᡴᠣᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 开封᠄ 河南大学出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠘᠘᠄ ᠑᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠘᠑᠐᠑᠘-᠐᠕᠒-᠕᠉

:*安双成᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; Abka&quot;᠈ 满汉大辞典/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 沈阳᠄ 辽宁民族出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠙᠓᠄ ᠒᠔᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘᠗᠕᠔᠙᠗᠐᠙᠙᠓᠙᠉

:*胡增益᠉ &quot;&quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot; abka¹&quot;᠈ 新满汉大词典/ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 乌鲁木齐᠄ 新疆人民出版社᠄ ᠑᠙᠙᠔᠄ ᠒᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠒᠒᠘-᠐᠒᠔᠐᠔-᠔᠉

:*河内良弘᠈ 清瀬義三郎則府᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ 満洲語文語入門[M]᠉ 京都᠄ 京都大学学術出版会᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠒᠄ ᠔᠉

:*刘厚生᠉ &quot;天&quot;᠈ 汉满辞典/ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 北京᠄ 民族出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠔᠄ ᠕᠖᠖᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠗-᠑᠐᠕-᠐᠖᠓᠘᠖-᠖᠉

:*安双成᠉ &quot;天①&quot;᠈ 汉满大辞典/ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 沈阳᠄ 辽宁民族出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠐᠗᠄ ᠑᠐᠒᠓᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠘᠐᠗᠒᠒-᠑᠖᠐-᠙᠉

:*戴光宇᠉ 三家子满语语音研究[M]᠉ 北京᠄ 北京大学出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠒᠄ ᠕᠙᠈ ᠑᠐᠕᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠓᠐᠑-᠒᠑᠒᠖᠘-᠔᠉

:*Norman J᠉ &quot;abka&quot;᠈ A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]᠉ Cambridge᠈ Massachusetts᠄ Harvard University Press᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠓᠄ ᠒᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠑-᠖᠘᠔᠑᠗-᠐᠖᠙-᠒᠉

:*敖拉·毕力格᠉ &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;᠈ 蒙汉满词典/ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 赤峰᠄ 内蒙古科学技术出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠖᠄ ᠑᠐᠙᠙᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠕᠓᠘᠐-᠒᠖᠗᠗-᠑᠉

:*贺忠德᠉ &quot;天 ❶&quot;᠈ 汉锡词典/ᠨᡞᡣᠠᠨ ᠰᡞᠪᡝ ᡤᡞᠰᡠᠨ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡣᡠ ᠪᡞᡨᡥᡝ[M]᠉ 乌鲁木齐᠄ 新疆人民出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠑᠖᠄ ᠑᠗᠓᠖᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠒᠒᠘-᠑᠙᠒᠐᠗-᠖᠉

:*王娣᠉ 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]᠉ 哈尔滨᠄ 哈尔滨工程大学出版社᠄ ᠒᠐᠒᠑᠄ ᠒᠔᠗᠉ ISBN᠄ ᠙᠗᠘-᠗-᠕᠖᠖᠑-᠓᠓᠒᠔-᠓᠉
}}


=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''abka'''
:abkai durun: '''abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''abka'''

=== mudan === 
*[[Wp/mnc/manju gisun|manju gisun]]:
**([[Wp/mnc/ilan boo|ilan boo]]) IPA: /ˈɑvqʰə/, /ˈɑpqʰə/
**([[Wp/mnc/sahaliyan ula (hoton)|sahaliyan ula]]) IPA: /ɑbɡɑ/
**([[Wp/mnc/beging|beging]]) IPA: /abkˈa/
*(''bala gisun'') IPA: /apˈkˈa/
*([[Wp/mnc/alcuka gisun|alcuka gisun]]) IPA: /avkˈa/

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/den|den]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehengge|elbehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. sing li [[Wt/mnc/bithede|bithede]], [[Wp/mnc/judzi|judzi]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/henduhengge|henduhengge]], '''abka''', [[Wt/mnc/in yang|in yang]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/a|a]] [[Wt/mnc/e|e]]&lt;/ref&gt;, [[Wt/mnc/sunja feten|sunja feten]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/wembume|wembume]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibumbi|banjibumbi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]]. [[Wt/mnc/luwen ioi|luwen ioi]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/leolen gisuren|leolen gisuren]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/bithede|bithede]], [[Wt/mnc/colgoropi|colgoropi]] [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/amba|amba]], [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] [[Wp/mnc/yoo han|yoo]] [[Wt/mnc/teherembi|teherembi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/den|den]] [[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehengge|elbehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::very high ten.thousand thing ACC cover-PERF.PTCP-NOMI ACC '''sky''' say-IMPF.INDI
# 
#:enduringge ewanggeli'um, ice hese, mattei -i ulaha songkoi, 6:9-6:10:
#:《聖經·新約全書·馬太福音》第六章第九節-第六章第十節
#::[[Wt/mnc/suwe|suwe]] [[Wt/mnc/damu|damu]] [[Wt/mnc/tuttu|tuttu]] [[Wt/mnc/jalbarime|jalbarime]] [[Wt/mnc/baisu|baisu]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/bisire|bisire]] [[Wt/mnc/musei|musei]] [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/colo|colo]] [[Wt/mnc/gingguleme|gingguleme]] [[Wt/mnc/tukiyekini|tukiyekini]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/enggelenjikini|enggelenjikini]], [[Wt/mnc/ama|ama]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/hese|hese]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/yabubure|yabubure]] [[Wt/mnc/songkoi|songkoi]] [[Wt/mnc/na|na]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/yabubukini|yabubukini]].
#::2.PL only like.that pray-IMPF.CONV ask.for.IMP, '''heaven''' DAT be.IMPF.ADN 1.PL.INCL-GEN father father GEN title honor-IMPF.CONV praise-OPT father GEN state come-VEN-OPT father GEN edict '''heaven''' DAT perform-CAUS-IMPF.ADN according.to earth DAT perform-CAUS-OPT
# 
#:''manju -i yargiyan kooli'', ujui debtelin:
#:《滿洲實錄》卷一
#::[[Wt/mnc/eme|eme]] [[Wt/mnc/hendume|hendume]], [[Wt/mnc/jui|jui]] [[Wt/mnc/simbe|simbe]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/facuhūn|facuhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/dasame|dasame]] [[Wt/mnc/banjikini|banjikini]] [[Wt/mnc/seme|seme]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibuhabi|banjibuhabi]], [[Wt/mnc/si|si]] [[Wt/mnc/genefi|genefi]] [[Wt/mnc/facuhūn|facuhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/gurun|gurun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/dasame|dasame]] [[Wt/mnc/toktobume|toktobume]] [[Wt/mnc/banji|banji]] [[Wt/mnc/seme|seme]] [[Wt/mnc/hendufi|hendufi]], '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/fulinggai|fulinggai]] [[Wt/mnc/banjibuha|banjibuha]] [[Wt/mnc/turgun|turgun]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/giyan giyan -i|giyan giyan -i]] [[Wt/mnc/tacibufi|tacibufi]],
#::mother say-IMPF.CONV son 2.SG-ACC '''god''' disorder state ACC correct-IMPF.CONV live-OPT mean-IMPF.CONV give.birth.to-CAUS-PERF.CONCL 2.SG go-PERF.CONV disorder state ACC correct-IMPF.CONV pacify-CAUS-IMPF.CONV live.IMP mean-IMPF.CONV say-PERF.CONV '''god''' GEN lucky-GEN give.birth.to-CAUS-PERF.ADN reason ACC in.detail&lt;!--giyan giyan -i=in.detail--&gt; learn-CAUS-PERF.CONV[teach-PERF.CONV]&lt;!--tacimbi=learn-IMPF.CONCL; tacibumbi=learn-CAUS-IMPF.CONCL=teach-IMPF.CONCL; tacibufi=learn-CAUS-PERF.CONV=teach-PERF.CONV--&gt;
#::[[Wt/mnc/nikan gisun|nikan gisun]]: [[Wt/mnc/母|母]][[Wt/mnc/告|告]][[Wt/mnc/子|子]][[Wt/mnc/曰|曰]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''[[Wt/mnc/生|生]][[Wt/mnc/汝|汝]][[Wt/mnc/實|實]][[Wt/mnc/令|令]][[Wt/mnc/汝|汝]][[Wt/mnc/以|以]][[Wt/mnc/定|定]][[Wt/mnc/亂|亂]][[Wt/mnc/國|國]][[Wt/mnc/可|可]][[Wt/mnc/往|往]][[Wt/mnc/彼處|彼處]][[Wt/mnc/將|將]][[Wt/mnc/所|所]][[Wt/mnc/生|生]][[Wt/mnc/緣由|緣由]][[Wt/mnc/一一|一一]][[Wt/mnc/詳|詳]][[Wt/mnc/說|說]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1772): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'' (?): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (?): '''1''' 
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (?): '''1'''
←nenehe gibsun: [akū] -- '''abka''' (1) -- sirame gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2)→

== sibe gisun == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci sibe hergen -i araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|ᠠᠪᡣᠠ}} (abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== sibe hergen === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}}

=== mudan === 
*IPA: /ˀafqaˑ/

===  gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=sjo|'''ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}} (abka)
:1.

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

== aisilara bithe cagan ==
&lt;references /&gt;
*šen ki liyang. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]'''}}&quot;, ''daicing gurun -i yooni bithe'', uju debtelin[M]. beging: 1683: 28 (hashū).
:沈啓亮. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}&quot;, 大清全書.第一巻[M]. 北京: 京師宛羽齋刻本, 1683: 28(左).
:*沈启亮. 大清全书[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社, 2008: 25. (原刻本1683年)

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici).
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1 (右).
:[http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2025-08-26].

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], beging: 1717: 1 (hashū). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2025-09-01].
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京: 1717: 1 (左). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2025-09-01].

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], beging: 1743: 1 (ici).  [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. 
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京:1743: 1 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. 

*juwentu. ''emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1746: 2 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. 
:肫圖. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 一學三貫清文鑑.卷1: 天文類[M/OL]. 北京: 1746: 2(右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. 
::[[Wt/mnc/sukdun|sukdun]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/weihuken|weihuken]] [[Wt/mnc/bolgo|bolgo]], [[Wt/mnc/wesihun|wesihun]] [[Wt/mnc/dekdehengge|dekdehengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] '''abka''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]],''
::[[Wt/mnc/氣|氣]][[Wt/mnc/之|之]][[Wt/mnc/輕|輕]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/上浮|上浮]][[Wt/mnc/者|者]][[Wt/mnc/爲|爲]]'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: 1771 ci aniya de folobuha bithe: 1771: 3 (hashū).
:清高宗弘歷敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 御製滿洲蒙古漢字三合切音清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 1771年刻本: 1771: 3(左).

*arasi sara unde. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'', kulun, ujui debtelin[M]. beging: ?: 1 (ici).
:佚名. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 四體合璧文鑑.乾卷.第1卷: 天文類1-1[M]. 北京: ?: 1(右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot;/ &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: dabkūri dorgi hoton de asarabuha bithe: ?: 2.
:清高宗弘歷敕撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, 御製五體清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 故宮博物院藏本: ?: 2.
:*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, uksurai cubanše tucibuhe. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui ubu[M]. beging: gugung bū u yuwan de asaraha: 1957: 2.
::清高宗弘歷敕撰. 民族出版社出版. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/གནམ|གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/آڛمان‬|آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/天|天]]'''&quot;, 五體清文鑑.上冊[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 1957: 2.

*Захаров И И. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; абка&quot;, Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]. Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ: 1875: 24.

*渡部薫太郎. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 訂正滿洲語文典/dasaha manju gisun kooli[M]. 大阪: 大阪東洋學會: 1926: 33.

*金得榥. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 기초 滿韓辭典/datengge manju solho buleku bithe[M]. 서울: 대지문화사: 1950: 1. ISBN: 9788971551707.

*Haenisch E. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig: 1961: 26. [https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский] [2025-08-24]

*山本謙吾. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]. 東京: 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所: 1969: 99.

*羽田亨. &quot;Abka&quot;, 滿和辭典/manju ži ben gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 東京: 国書刊行会: 1972: 1.

*Norman J. &quot;ABKA&quot;, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]. Washington: University of Washington Press: 1978: 3. ISBN: 978-0-295-95574-2.

*刘厚生. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; Abka&quot;, 简明满汉辞典/šolokon manju nikan gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 开封: 河南大学出版社: 1988: 1. ISBN: 7-81018-052-5.

*安双成. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; Abka&quot;, 满汉大辞典/manju nikan yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 1993: 24. ISBN: 9787549709939.

*胡增益. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; abka¹&quot;, 新满汉大词典/ice manju nikan gisun kamcibuha buleku bithe (iche manzhu nikan gisun kamchibuha buleku bithe)[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 1994: 2. ISBN: 7-228-02404-4.

*河内良弘, 清瀬義三郎則府. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語文語入門[M]. 京都: 京都大学学術出版会: 2002: 4.

*刘厚生. &quot;天&quot;, 汉满辞典/nikan manju gisuni buleku bithe[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 2004: 566. ISBN: 7-105-06386-6.

*安双成. &quot;天①&quot;, 汉满大辞典/nikan manju yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 2007: 1023. ISBN: 978-7-80722-160-9.

*戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 59, 105. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.

*Norman J. &quot;abka&quot;, A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 2013: 2. ISBN: 978-1-68417-069-2.

*敖拉·毕力格. &quot;&quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;, 蒙汉满词典/monggo nikan manju buleku bithe[M]. 赤峰: 内蒙古科学技术出版社: 2016: 1099. ISBN: 978-7-5380-2677-1.

*贺忠德. &quot;天 ❶&quot;, 汉锡词典/nikan sibe gisun buleku bithe[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 2016: 1736. ISBN: 978-7-228-19207-6.

*王娣. 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学出版社: 2021: 247. ISBN: 978-7-5661-3324-3.

----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/daicing gurun -i yooni bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/daicing gurun -i yooni bithe, uju debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1717)|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1717), ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1743)|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe (1743), ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe, kulun, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gebsun|a]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/dergi abka</title>
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      <text bytes="19278" sha1="9784agpb8osam9d9e92f85xr3n0zfv8" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (dergi abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠰᡳᠪᡝᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ|ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝ|ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ|ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡳᠯᡥᡳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠐᠘)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠑᠗)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠔᠓)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠗᠒)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠘᠐)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''dergi abka'''
:abkai durun: '''dergi abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''dergi abka'''

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehe|elbehe]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::ten.thousand thing ACC cover-PERF.ADN ACC point-IMPF.CONV talk-PTC.DUR-DAT upper sky&lt;!--dergi abka: heaven--&gt; say-IMPF.CONCL

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→

== sibe hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ere tohon be == manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == sibe hergen -i araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ}} (dergi abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== sibe hergen === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|'''ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}}

=== gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|'''ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}} (dergi abka)
:1.

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references /&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [].
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻1: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1(右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] []. 

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1717: 1 (hashū). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]..
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京: 1717: 1 (左). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]..

&lt;!--*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1743: 1 (ici).  [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. --&gt;
&lt;!--:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京:1743: 1 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. --&gt;

&lt;!--*juwentu. ''emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1746: 2 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. --&gt;
&lt;!--:肫圖. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 一學三貫清文鑑.卷1: 天文類[M/OL]. 北京: 1746: 2 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. --&gt;

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;上天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: 1771 ci aniya de folobuha bithe: 1771: 3 (hashū).
:清高宗敕撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''上天'''&quot;, 御製滿洲蒙古漢字三合切音清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 1771年刻本: 1771: 3(左).

&lt;!--*arasi sara unde. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'', kulun, ujui debtelin[M]. beging: ?: 1 (ici).
:佚名. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 四體合璧文鑑.乾卷.第1卷: 天文類1-1[M]. 北京: ?: 1(右).--&gt;

&lt;!--*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot;/ &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: dabkūri dorgi hoton de asarabuha bithe: ?: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--:清高宗敕撰. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, 御製五體清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 故宮博物院藏本: ?: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--:*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, uksurai cubanše tucibuhe. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui ubu[M]. beging: gugung bū u yuwan de asaraha: 1957: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--::清高宗敕撰. 民族出版社出版. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, 五體清文鑑.上冊[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 1957: 2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Захаров И И. &quot;&quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; абка&quot;, Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]. Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ: 1875: 24.--&gt;

&lt;!--*渡部薫太郎. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 訂正滿洲語文典/dasaha manju gisun kooli[M]. 大阪: 大阪東洋學會: 1926: 33.--&gt;

&lt;!--*金得榥. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 기초 滿韓辭典/datengge manju solho buleku bithe[M]. 서울: 대지문화사: 1950: 1. ISBN: 9788971551707.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Haenisch E. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig: 1961: 26. [https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский] [2025-08-24]--&gt;

&lt;!--*山本謙吾. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]. 東京: 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所: 1969: 99.--&gt;

&lt;!--*羽田亨. &quot;Abka&quot;, 滿和辭典/manju ži ben gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 東京: 国書刊行会: 1972: 1.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Norman J. &quot;ABKA&quot;, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]. Washington: University of Washington Press: 1978: 3. ISBN: 978-0-295-95574-2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*刘厚生. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} Abka&quot;, 简明满汉辞典/šolokon manju nikan gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 开封: 河南大学出版社: 1988: 1. ISBN: 7-81018-052-5.--&gt;

*安双成. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 满汉大辞典/manju nikan yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M/OL]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 1993: 687. ISBN: 9787549709939. [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=73&amp;imageFileName=687 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2026-07-02].

*胡增益. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} dergi abka&quot;, 新满汉大词典/ice manju nikan gisun kamcibuha buleku bithe (iche manzhu nikan gisun kamchibuha buleku bithe)[M/OL]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 1994: 184. ISBN: 7-228-02404-4. [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=74&amp;imageFileName=184 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2026-07-02].

&lt;!--*河内良弘, 清瀬義三郎則府. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語文語入門[M]. 京都: 京都大学学術出版会: 2002: 4.--&gt;

*刘厚生. &quot;上：上天&quot;, 汉满辞典/nikan manju gisuni buleku bithe[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 2004: 495. ISBN: 7-105-06386-6.

&lt;!--*安双成. &quot;天①&quot;, 汉满大辞典/nikan manju yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 2007: 1023. ISBN: 978-7-80722-160-9.--&gt;

&lt;!--*戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 59, 105. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Norman J. &quot;abka&quot;, A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 2013: 2. ISBN: 978-1-68417-069-2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*敖拉·毕力格. &quot;&quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;, 蒙汉满词典/monggo nikan manju buleku bithe[M]. 赤峰: 内蒙古科学技术出版社: 2016: 1099. ISBN: 978-7-5380-2677-1.--&gt;

*贺忠德. &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]] ❸&quot;, 汉锡词典/nikan sibe gisun buleku bithe[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 2016: 1548. ISBN: 978-7-228-19207-6.（[[:zh:锡伯语|锡伯语]]、汉语）
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i acalaha gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i acalaha gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gebsun|d]]</text>
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      <text bytes="19233" sha1="gh6e797xjtec9egb5gv5333fcz0li2i" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (dergi abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠰᡳᠪᡝᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ|ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝ|ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ|ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡳᠯᡥᡳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠐᠘)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠑᠗)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠔᠓)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠗᠒)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠘᠐)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''dergi abka'''
:abkai durun: '''dergi abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''dergi abka'''

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehe|elbehe]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::ten.thousand thing ACC cover-PERF.ADN ACC point-IMPF.CONV talk-PTC.DUR-DAT upper sky&lt;!--dergi abka: heaven--&gt; say-IMPF.CONCL

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→

== sibe hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci sibe hergen -i araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ}} (dergi abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== sibe hergen === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|'''ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}}

=== gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|'''ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}} (dergi abka)
:1.

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references /&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [].
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻1: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1(右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] []. 

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1717: 1 (hashū). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]..
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京: 1717: 1 (左). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]..

&lt;!--*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1743: 1 (ici).  [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. --&gt;
&lt;!--:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京:1743: 1 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. --&gt;

&lt;!--*juwentu. ''emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1746: 2 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. --&gt;
&lt;!--:肫圖. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 一學三貫清文鑑.卷1: 天文類[M/OL]. 北京: 1746: 2 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. --&gt;

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;上天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: 1771 ci aniya de folobuha bithe: 1771: 3 (hashū).
:清高宗敕撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''上天'''&quot;, 御製滿洲蒙古漢字三合切音清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 1771年刻本: 1771: 3(左).

&lt;!--*arasi sara unde. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'', kulun, ujui debtelin[M]. beging: ?: 1 (ici).
:佚名. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 四體合璧文鑑.乾卷.第1卷: 天文類1-1[M]. 北京: ?: 1(右).--&gt;

&lt;!--*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot;/ &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: dabkūri dorgi hoton de asarabuha bithe: ?: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--:清高宗敕撰. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, 御製五體清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 故宮博物院藏本: ?: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--:*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, uksurai cubanše tucibuhe. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui ubu[M]. beging: gugung bū u yuwan de asaraha: 1957: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--::清高宗敕撰. 民族出版社出版. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, 五體清文鑑.上冊[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 1957: 2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Захаров И И. &quot;&quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; абка&quot;, Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]. Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ: 1875: 24.--&gt;

&lt;!--*渡部薫太郎. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 訂正滿洲語文典/dasaha manju gisun kooli[M]. 大阪: 大阪東洋學會: 1926: 33.--&gt;

&lt;!--*金得榥. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 기초 滿韓辭典/datengge manju solho buleku bithe[M]. 서울: 대지문화사: 1950: 1. ISBN: 9788971551707.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Haenisch E. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig: 1961: 26. [https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский] [2025-08-24]--&gt;

&lt;!--*山本謙吾. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]. 東京: 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所: 1969: 99.--&gt;

&lt;!--*羽田亨. &quot;Abka&quot;, 滿和辭典/manju ži ben gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 東京: 国書刊行会: 1972: 1.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Norman J. &quot;ABKA&quot;, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]. Washington: University of Washington Press: 1978: 3. ISBN: 978-0-295-95574-2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*刘厚生. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} Abka&quot;, 简明满汉辞典/šolokon manju nikan gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 开封: 河南大学出版社: 1988: 1. ISBN: 7-81018-052-5.--&gt;

*安双成. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 满汉大辞典/manju nikan yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M/OL]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 1993: 687. ISBN: 9787549709939. [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=73&amp;imageFileName=687 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2026-07-02].

*胡增益. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} dergi abka&quot;, 新满汉大词典/ice manju nikan gisun kamcibuha buleku bithe (iche manzhu nikan gisun kamchibuha buleku bithe)[M/OL]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 1994: 184. ISBN: 7-228-02404-4. [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=74&amp;imageFileName=184 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2026-07-02].

&lt;!--*河内良弘, 清瀬義三郎則府. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語文語入門[M]. 京都: 京都大学学術出版会: 2002: 4.--&gt;

*刘厚生. &quot;上：上天&quot;, 汉满辞典/nikan manju gisuni buleku bithe[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 2004: 495. ISBN: 7-105-06386-6.

&lt;!--*安双成. &quot;天①&quot;, 汉满大辞典/nikan manju yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 2007: 1023. ISBN: 978-7-80722-160-9.--&gt;

&lt;!--*戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 59, 105. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Norman J. &quot;abka&quot;, A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 2013: 2. ISBN: 978-1-68417-069-2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*敖拉·毕力格. &quot;&quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;, 蒙汉满词典/monggo nikan manju buleku bithe[M]. 赤峰: 内蒙古科学技术出版社: 2016: 1099. ISBN: 978-7-5380-2677-1.--&gt;

*贺忠德. &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]] ❸&quot;, 汉锡词典/nikan sibe gisun buleku bithe[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 2016: 1548. ISBN: 978-7-228-19207-6.（[[:zh:锡伯语|锡伯语]]、汉语）
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i acalaha gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i acalaha gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gebsun|d]]</text>
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      <text bytes="19995" sha1="4nm037cscoq7c8w3ynu5mn4tb8w03dt" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (dergi abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠰᡳᠪᡝᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ|ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝ|ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ|ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡳᠯᡥᡳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠐᠘)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠑᠗)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠔᠓)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠗᠒)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠘᠐)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''dergi abka'''
:abkai durun: '''dergi abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''dergi abka'''

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:[[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehe|elbehe]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. [[Wt/mnc/ši ging|ši ging]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/irgebun -i nomun|irgebun -i nomun]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] da ya [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] yūn han' [[Wt/mnc/fiyelen|fiyelen]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/hargašame|hargašame]] [[Wt/mnc/tuwaci|tuwaci]], [[Wt/mnc/tere|tere]] [[Wt/mnc/usiha|usiha]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehe|elbehe]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::ten.thousand thing ACC cover-PERF.ADN ACC point-IMPF.CONV talk-PTC.DUR-DAT upper sky&lt;!--dergi abka: heaven--&gt; say-IMPF.CONCL

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→

== sibe hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci sibe hergen -i araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ}} (dergi abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== sibe hergen === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|'''ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}}

=== gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|'''ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}} (dergi abka)
:1.

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references /&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [].
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1 (右). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] []. 

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1717: 1 (hashū). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]..
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京: 1717: 1 (左). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]..

&lt;!--*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1743: 1 (ici).  [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. --&gt;
&lt;!--:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京:1743: 1 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. --&gt;

&lt;!--*juwentu. ''emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1746: 2 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. --&gt;
&lt;!--:肫圖. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 一學三貫清文鑑.卷1: 天文類[M/OL]. 北京: 1746: 2 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. --&gt;

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;上天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: 1771 ci aniya de folobuha bithe: 1771: 3 (hashū).
:清高宗敕撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''上天'''&quot;, 御製滿洲蒙古漢字三合切音清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 1771年刻本: 1771: 3(左).

&lt;!--*arasi sara unde. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'', kulun, ujui debtelin[M]. beging: ?: 1 (ici).
:佚名. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 四體合璧文鑑.乾卷.第1卷: 天文類1-1[M]. 北京: ?: 1(右).--&gt;

&lt;!--*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot;/ &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: dabkūri dorgi hoton de asarabuha bithe: ?: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--:清高宗敕撰. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, 御製五體清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 故宮博物院藏本: ?: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--:*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, uksurai cubanše tucibuhe. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui ubu[M]. beging: gugung bū u yuwan de asaraha: 1957: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--::清高宗敕撰. 民族出版社出版. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, 五體清文鑑.上冊[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 1957: 2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Захаров И И. &quot;&quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; абка&quot;, Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]. Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ: 1875: 24.--&gt;

&lt;!--*渡部薫太郎. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 訂正滿洲語文典/dasaha manju gisun kooli[M]. 大阪: 大阪東洋學會: 1926: 33.--&gt;

&lt;!--*金得榥. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 기초 滿韓辭典/datengge manju solho buleku bithe[M]. 서울: 대지문화사: 1950: 1. ISBN: 9788971551707.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Haenisch E. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig: 1961: 26. [https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский] [2025-08-24]--&gt;

&lt;!--*山本謙吾. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]. 東京: 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所: 1969: 99.--&gt;

&lt;!--*羽田亨. &quot;Abka&quot;, 滿和辭典/manju ži ben gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 東京: 国書刊行会: 1972: 1.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Norman J. &quot;ABKA&quot;, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]. Washington: University of Washington Press: 1978: 3. ISBN: 978-0-295-95574-2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*刘厚生. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} Abka&quot;, 简明满汉辞典/šolokon manju nikan gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 开封: 河南大学出版社: 1988: 1. ISBN: 7-81018-052-5.--&gt;

*安双成. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 满汉大辞典/manju nikan yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M/OL]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 1993: 687. ISBN: 9787549709939. [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=73&amp;imageFileName=687 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2026-07-02].

*胡增益. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} dergi abka&quot;, 新满汉大词典/ice manju nikan gisun kamcibuha buleku bithe (iche manzhu nikan gisun kamchibuha buleku bithe)[M/OL]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 1994: 184. ISBN: 7-228-02404-4. [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=74&amp;imageFileName=184 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2026-07-02].

&lt;!--*河内良弘, 清瀬義三郎則府. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語文語入門[M]. 京都: 京都大学学術出版会: 2002: 4.--&gt;

*刘厚生. &quot;上：上天&quot;, 汉满辞典/nikan manju gisuni buleku bithe[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 2004: 495. ISBN: 7-105-06386-6.

&lt;!--*安双成. &quot;天①&quot;, 汉满大辞典/nikan manju yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 2007: 1023. ISBN: 978-7-80722-160-9.--&gt;

&lt;!--*戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 59, 105. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Norman J. &quot;abka&quot;, A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 2013: 2. ISBN: 978-1-68417-069-2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*敖拉·毕力格. &quot;&quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;, 蒙汉满词典/monggo nikan manju buleku bithe[M]. 赤峰: 内蒙古科学技术出版社: 2016: 1099. ISBN: 978-7-5380-2677-1.--&gt;

*贺忠德. &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]] ❸&quot;, 汉锡词典/nikan sibe gisun buleku bithe[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 2016: 1548. ISBN: 978-7-228-19207-6.（[[:zh:锡伯语|锡伯语]]、汉语）
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i acalaha gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i acalaha gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gebsun|d]]</text>
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      <text bytes="19996" sha1="443fqfjzebpum0ed501aa0ytmfxcvk0" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (dergi abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠰᡳᠪᡝᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ|ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝ|ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ|ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡳᠯᡥᡳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠐᠘)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠑᠗)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠔᠓)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠗᠒)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠘᠐)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''dergi abka'''
:abkai durun: '''dergi abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''dergi abka'''

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:[[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehe|elbehe]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. [[Wt/mnc/ši ging|ši ging]]&lt;ref&gt;= [[Wt/mnc/irgebun -i nomun|irgebun -i nomun]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] da ya [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] yūn han' [[Wt/mnc/fiyelen|fiyelen]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/hargašame|hargašame]] [[Wt/mnc/tuwaci|tuwaci]], [[Wt/mnc/tere|tere]] [[Wt/mnc/usiha|usiha]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehe|elbehe]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::ten.thousand thing ACC cover-PERF.ADN ACC point-IMPF.CONV talk-PTC.DUR-DAT upper sky&lt;!--dergi abka: heaven--&gt; say-IMPF.CONCL

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→

== sibe hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci sibe hergen -i araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ}} (dergi abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== sibe hergen === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|'''ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}}

=== gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|'''ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}} (dergi abka)
:1.

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references /&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [].
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1 (右). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] []. 

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1717: 1 (hashū). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]..
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京: 1717: 1 (左). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]..

&lt;!--*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1743: 1 (ici).  [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. --&gt;
&lt;!--:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京:1743: 1 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. --&gt;

&lt;!--*juwentu. ''emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1746: 2 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. --&gt;
&lt;!--:肫圖. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 一學三貫清文鑑.卷1: 天文類[M/OL]. 北京: 1746: 2 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. --&gt;

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;上天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: 1771 ci aniya de folobuha bithe: 1771: 3 (hashū).
:清高宗敕撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''上天'''&quot;, 御製滿洲蒙古漢字三合切音清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 1771年刻本: 1771: 3(左).

&lt;!--*arasi sara unde. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'', kulun, ujui debtelin[M]. beging: ?: 1 (ici).
:佚名. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 四體合璧文鑑.乾卷.第1卷: 天文類1-1[M]. 北京: ?: 1(右).--&gt;

&lt;!--*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot;/ &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: dabkūri dorgi hoton de asarabuha bithe: ?: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--:清高宗敕撰. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, 御製五體清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 故宮博物院藏本: ?: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--:*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, uksurai cubanše tucibuhe. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui ubu[M]. beging: gugung bū u yuwan de asaraha: 1957: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--::清高宗敕撰. 民族出版社出版. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, 五體清文鑑.上冊[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 1957: 2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Захаров И И. &quot;&quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; абка&quot;, Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]. Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ: 1875: 24.--&gt;

&lt;!--*渡部薫太郎. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 訂正滿洲語文典/dasaha manju gisun kooli[M]. 大阪: 大阪東洋學會: 1926: 33.--&gt;

&lt;!--*金得榥. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 기초 滿韓辭典/datengge manju solho buleku bithe[M]. 서울: 대지문화사: 1950: 1. ISBN: 9788971551707.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Haenisch E. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig: 1961: 26. [https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский] [2025-08-24]--&gt;

&lt;!--*山本謙吾. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]. 東京: 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所: 1969: 99.--&gt;

&lt;!--*羽田亨. &quot;Abka&quot;, 滿和辭典/manju ži ben gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 東京: 国書刊行会: 1972: 1.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Norman J. &quot;ABKA&quot;, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]. Washington: University of Washington Press: 1978: 3. ISBN: 978-0-295-95574-2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*刘厚生. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} Abka&quot;, 简明满汉辞典/šolokon manju nikan gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 开封: 河南大学出版社: 1988: 1. ISBN: 7-81018-052-5.--&gt;

*安双成. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 满汉大辞典/manju nikan yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M/OL]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 1993: 687. ISBN: 9787549709939. [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=73&amp;imageFileName=687 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2026-07-02].

*胡增益. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} dergi abka&quot;, 新满汉大词典/ice manju nikan gisun kamcibuha buleku bithe (iche manzhu nikan gisun kamchibuha buleku bithe)[M/OL]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 1994: 184. ISBN: 7-228-02404-4. [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=74&amp;imageFileName=184 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2026-07-02].

&lt;!--*河内良弘, 清瀬義三郎則府. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語文語入門[M]. 京都: 京都大学学術出版会: 2002: 4.--&gt;

*刘厚生. &quot;上：上天&quot;, 汉满辞典/nikan manju gisuni buleku bithe[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 2004: 495. ISBN: 7-105-06386-6.

&lt;!--*安双成. &quot;天①&quot;, 汉满大辞典/nikan manju yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 2007: 1023. ISBN: 978-7-80722-160-9.--&gt;

&lt;!--*戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 59, 105. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Norman J. &quot;abka&quot;, A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 2013: 2. ISBN: 978-1-68417-069-2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*敖拉·毕力格. &quot;&quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;, 蒙汉满词典/monggo nikan manju buleku bithe[M]. 赤峰: 内蒙古科学技术出版社: 2016: 1099. ISBN: 978-7-5380-2677-1.--&gt;

*贺忠德. &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]] ❸&quot;, 汉锡词典/nikan sibe gisun buleku bithe[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 2016: 1548. ISBN: 978-7-228-19207-6.（[[:zh:锡伯语|锡伯语]]、汉语）
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i acalaha gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i acalaha gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gebsun|d]]</text>
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      <text bytes="19997" sha1="2r4g9equn3or7cuzf9whbbd1j6av2t2" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (dergi abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠰᡳᠪᡝᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ|ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝ|ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ|ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡳᠯᡥᡳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠐᠘)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠑᠗)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠔᠓)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠗᠒)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠘᠐)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''dergi abka'''
:abkai durun: '''dergi abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''dergi abka'''

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehe|elbehe]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. [[Wt/mnc/ši ging|ši ging]]&lt;ref&gt;= [[Wt/mnc/irgebun -i nomun|irgebun -i nomun]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] da ya [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] yūn han' [[Wt/mnc/fiyelen|fiyelen]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/hargašame|hargašame]] [[Wt/mnc/tuwaci|tuwaci]], [[Wt/mnc/tere|tere]] [[Wt/mnc/usiha|usiha]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehe|elbehe]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::ten.thousand thing ACC cover-PERF.ADN ACC point-IMPF.CONV talk-PTC.DUR-DAT upper sky&lt;!--dergi abka: heaven--&gt; say-IMPF.CONCL

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→

== sibe hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci sibe hergen -i araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ}} (dergi abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== sibe hergen === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|'''ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}}

=== gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|'''ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}} (dergi abka)
:1.

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references /&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [].
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1 (右). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] []. 

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1717: 1 (hashū). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]..
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京: 1717: 1 (左). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]..

&lt;!--*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1743: 1 (ici).  [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. --&gt;
&lt;!--:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京:1743: 1 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. --&gt;

&lt;!--*juwentu. ''emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1746: 2 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. --&gt;
&lt;!--:肫圖. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 一學三貫清文鑑.卷1: 天文類[M/OL]. 北京: 1746: 2 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. --&gt;

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;上天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: 1771 ci aniya de folobuha bithe: 1771: 3 (hashū).
:清高宗敕撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''上天'''&quot;, 御製滿洲蒙古漢字三合切音清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 1771年刻本: 1771: 3(左).

&lt;!--*arasi sara unde. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'', kulun, ujui debtelin[M]. beging: ?: 1 (ici).
:佚名. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 四體合璧文鑑.乾卷.第1卷: 天文類1-1[M]. 北京: ?: 1(右).--&gt;

&lt;!--*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot;/ &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: dabkūri dorgi hoton de asarabuha bithe: ?: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--:清高宗敕撰. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, 御製五體清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 故宮博物院藏本: ?: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--:*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, uksurai cubanše tucibuhe. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui ubu[M]. beging: gugung bū u yuwan de asaraha: 1957: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--::清高宗敕撰. 民族出版社出版. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, 五體清文鑑.上冊[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 1957: 2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Захаров И И. &quot;&quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; абка&quot;, Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]. Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ: 1875: 24.--&gt;

&lt;!--*渡部薫太郎. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 訂正滿洲語文典/dasaha manju gisun kooli[M]. 大阪: 大阪東洋學會: 1926: 33.--&gt;

&lt;!--*金得榥. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 기초 滿韓辭典/datengge manju solho buleku bithe[M]. 서울: 대지문화사: 1950: 1. ISBN: 9788971551707.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Haenisch E. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig: 1961: 26. [https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский] [2025-08-24]--&gt;

&lt;!--*山本謙吾. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]. 東京: 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所: 1969: 99.--&gt;

&lt;!--*羽田亨. &quot;Abka&quot;, 滿和辭典/manju ži ben gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 東京: 国書刊行会: 1972: 1.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Norman J. &quot;ABKA&quot;, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]. Washington: University of Washington Press: 1978: 3. ISBN: 978-0-295-95574-2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*刘厚生. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} Abka&quot;, 简明满汉辞典/šolokon manju nikan gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 开封: 河南大学出版社: 1988: 1. ISBN: 7-81018-052-5.--&gt;

*安双成. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 满汉大辞典/manju nikan yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M/OL]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 1993: 687. ISBN: 9787549709939. [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=73&amp;imageFileName=687 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2026-07-02].

*胡增益. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} dergi abka&quot;, 新满汉大词典/ice manju nikan gisun kamcibuha buleku bithe (iche manzhu nikan gisun kamchibuha buleku bithe)[M/OL]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 1994: 184. ISBN: 7-228-02404-4. [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=74&amp;imageFileName=184 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2026-07-02].

&lt;!--*河内良弘, 清瀬義三郎則府. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語文語入門[M]. 京都: 京都大学学術出版会: 2002: 4.--&gt;

*刘厚生. &quot;上：上天&quot;, 汉满辞典/nikan manju gisuni buleku bithe[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 2004: 495. ISBN: 7-105-06386-6.

&lt;!--*安双成. &quot;天①&quot;, 汉满大辞典/nikan manju yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 2007: 1023. ISBN: 978-7-80722-160-9.--&gt;

&lt;!--*戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 59, 105. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Norman J. &quot;abka&quot;, A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 2013: 2. ISBN: 978-1-68417-069-2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*敖拉·毕力格. &quot;&quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;, 蒙汉满词典/monggo nikan manju buleku bithe[M]. 赤峰: 内蒙古科学技术出版社: 2016: 1099. ISBN: 978-7-5380-2677-1.--&gt;

*贺忠德. &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]] ❸&quot;, 汉锡词典/nikan sibe gisun buleku bithe[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 2016: 1548. ISBN: 978-7-228-19207-6.（[[:zh:锡伯语|锡伯语]]、汉语）
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i acalaha gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i acalaha gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gebsun|d]]</text>
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      <text bytes="19785" sha1="s0iyzm87my1bpetylc9hhsaztcdq5qt" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (dergi abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠰᡳᠪᡝᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ|ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝ|ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ|ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡳᠯᡥᡳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠐᠘)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠑᠗)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠔᠓)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠗᠒)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠘᠐)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''dergi abka'''
:abkai durun: '''dergi abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''dergi abka'''

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehe|elbehe]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. [[Wt/mnc/ši ging|ši ging]]&lt;ref&gt;= [[Wt/mnc/irgebun -i nomun|irgebun -i nomun]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] da ya [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] yūn han' [[Wt/mnc/fiyelen|fiyelen]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/hargašame|hargašame]] [[Wt/mnc/tuwaci|tuwaci]], [[Wt/mnc/tere|tere]] [[Wt/mnc/usiha|usiha]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehe|elbehe]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::ten.thousand thing ACC cover-PERF.ADN ACC point-IMPF.CONV talk-PTC.DUR-DAT upper sky&lt;!--dergi abka: heaven--&gt; say-IMPF.CONCL

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→

== sibe hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci sibe hergen -i araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ}} (dergi abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== sibe hergen === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|'''ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}}

=== gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|'''ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}} (dergi abka)
:1.

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references /&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici).
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1 (右).
:[http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2026-08-25].

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1717: 1 (hashū). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]..
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京: 1717: 1 (左). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]..

&lt;!--*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1743: 1 (ici).  [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. --&gt;
&lt;!--:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京:1743: 1 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. --&gt;

&lt;!--*juwentu. ''emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1746: 2 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. --&gt;
&lt;!--:肫圖. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 一學三貫清文鑑.卷1: 天文類[M/OL]. 北京: 1746: 2 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. --&gt;

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;上天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: 1771 ci aniya de folobuha bithe: 1771: 3 (hashū).
:清高宗敕撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''上天'''&quot;, 御製滿洲蒙古漢字三合切音清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 1771年刻本: 1771: 3(左).

&lt;!--*arasi sara unde. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'', kulun, ujui debtelin[M]. beging: ?: 1 (ici).
:佚名. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 四體合璧文鑑.乾卷.第1卷: 天文類1-1[M]. 北京: ?: 1(右).--&gt;

&lt;!--*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot;/ &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: dabkūri dorgi hoton de asarabuha bithe: ?: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--:清高宗敕撰. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, 御製五體清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 故宮博物院藏本: ?: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--:*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, uksurai cubanše tucibuhe. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui ubu[M]. beging: gugung bū u yuwan de asaraha: 1957: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--::清高宗敕撰. 民族出版社出版. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, 五體清文鑑.上冊[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 1957: 2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Захаров И И. &quot;&quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; абка&quot;, Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]. Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ: 1875: 24.--&gt;

&lt;!--*渡部薫太郎. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 訂正滿洲語文典/dasaha manju gisun kooli[M]. 大阪: 大阪東洋學會: 1926: 33.--&gt;

&lt;!--*金得榥. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 기초 滿韓辭典/datengge manju solho buleku bithe[M]. 서울: 대지문화사: 1950: 1. ISBN: 9788971551707.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Haenisch E. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig: 1961: 26. [https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский] [2025-08-24]--&gt;

&lt;!--*山本謙吾. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]. 東京: 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所: 1969: 99.--&gt;

&lt;!--*羽田亨. &quot;Abka&quot;, 滿和辭典/manju ži ben gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 東京: 国書刊行会: 1972: 1.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Norman J. &quot;ABKA&quot;, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]. Washington: University of Washington Press: 1978: 3. ISBN: 978-0-295-95574-2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*刘厚生. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} Abka&quot;, 简明满汉辞典/šolokon manju nikan gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 开封: 河南大学出版社: 1988: 1. ISBN: 7-81018-052-5.--&gt;

*安双成. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 满汉大辞典/manju nikan yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M/OL]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 1993: 687. ISBN: 9787549709939. [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=73&amp;imageFileName=687 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2026-07-02].

*胡增益. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} dergi abka&quot;, 新满汉大词典/ice manju nikan gisun kamcibuha buleku bithe (iche manzhu nikan gisun kamchibuha buleku bithe)[M/OL]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 1994: 184. ISBN: 7-228-02404-4. [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=74&amp;imageFileName=184 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2026-07-02].

&lt;!--*河内良弘, 清瀬義三郎則府. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語文語入門[M]. 京都: 京都大学学術出版会: 2002: 4.--&gt;

*刘厚生. &quot;上：上天&quot;, 汉满辞典/nikan manju gisuni buleku bithe[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 2004: 495. ISBN: 7-105-06386-6.

&lt;!--*安双成. &quot;天①&quot;, 汉满大辞典/nikan manju yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 2007: 1023. ISBN: 978-7-80722-160-9.--&gt;

&lt;!--*戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 59, 105. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Norman J. &quot;abka&quot;, A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 2013: 2. ISBN: 978-1-68417-069-2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*敖拉·毕力格. &quot;&quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;, 蒙汉满词典/monggo nikan manju buleku bithe[M]. 赤峰: 内蒙古科学技术出版社: 2016: 1099. ISBN: 978-7-5380-2677-1.--&gt;

*贺忠德. &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]] ❸&quot;, 汉锡词典/nikan sibe gisun buleku bithe[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 2016: 1548. ISBN: 978-7-228-19207-6.（[[:zh:锡伯语|锡伯语]]、汉语）
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i acalaha gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i acalaha gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gebsun|d]]</text>
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      <text bytes="19763" sha1="3xyxia10avn6stw8nukhrqfp07yudfw" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (dergi abka)''' sere meyen be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠰᡳᠪᡝᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''dergi abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ ᡩᡝᠨ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡠᠨᡨᡠᡥᡠᠨ᠉&lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ|ᡨᡠᠮᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝ|ᡝᠯᠪᡝᡥᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ|ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡳᠯᡥᡳ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠐᠘)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠑᠗)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠔᠓)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠗᠒)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡳᠯᠠᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (᠑᠗᠘᠐)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᡩᡠᡳᠨ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ  ᡳ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᡴᠠᠮᠴᡳᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ (?)᠄ '''᠒'''&lt;br&gt;
↑ᠨᡝᠨᡝᡥᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠑) -- '''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' (᠒) -- ᠰᡳᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᡤᡳᠪᠰᡠᠨ᠄ [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] (᠓)↓&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''dergi abka'''
:abkai durun: '''dergi abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''dergi abka'''

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehe|elbehe]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. [[Wt/mnc/ši ging|ši ging]]&lt;ref&gt;= [[Wt/mnc/irgebun -i nomun|irgebun -i nomun]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] da ya [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] yūn han' [[Wt/mnc/fiyelen|fiyelen]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/hargašame|hargašame]] [[Wt/mnc/tuwaci|tuwaci]], [[Wt/mnc/tere|tere]] [[Wt/mnc/usiha|usiha]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/tumen|tumen]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/elbehe|elbehe]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::ten.thousand thing ACC cover-PERF.ADN ACC point-IMPF.CONV talk-PTC.DUR-DAT upper sky&lt;!--dergi abka: heaven--&gt; say-IMPF.CONCL

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''2'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] (1) -- '''dergi abka''' (2) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3)→

== sibe hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci sibe hergen -i araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ}} (dergi abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== sibe hergen === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|'''ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}}

=== gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|lang=sjo|'''ᡩᡝᠷᡤᡞ ᠠᠪᡣᠠ'''}} (dergi abka)
:1.

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references /&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici).
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1 (右).
:[http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2026-08-25].

*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[Wt/mnc/ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1717: 1 (hashū). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]..
:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京: 1717: 1 (左). [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=24&amp;imageFileName=10010 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]..

&lt;!--*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1743: 1 (ici).  [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. --&gt;
&lt;!--:清聖祖玄燁勅撰. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;, 御製滿蒙文鑑.卷1[M/OL]. 北京:1743: 1 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2347.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制满蒙文鉴]. [2025-09-01]. --&gt;

&lt;!--*juwentu. ''emu be tacifi ilan be hafukiyara manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL]. beging: 1746: 2 (ici). [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. --&gt;
&lt;!--:肫圖. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 一學三貫清文鑑.卷1: 天文類[M/OL]. 北京: 1746: 2 (右) [http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=2343.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-一学三贯清文鉴]. [2025-08-26]. --&gt;

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;上天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: 1771 ci aniya de folobuha bithe: 1771: 3 (hashū).
:清高宗敕撰. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ &lt;br&gt;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''上天'''&quot;, 御製滿洲蒙古漢字三合切音清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 1771年刻本: 1771: 3(左).

&lt;!--*arasi sara unde. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'', kulun, ujui debtelin[M]. beging: ?: 1 (ici).
:佚名. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;/&quot;ᠲᠩᠷᠢ&quot;/&quot;གནམ&quot;/&quot;天&quot;, 四體合璧文鑑.乾卷.第1卷: 天文類1-1[M]. 北京: ?: 1(右).--&gt;

&lt;!--*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot;/ &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot;/&quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''han -i araha sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: dabkūri dorgi hoton de asarabuha bithe: ?: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--:清高宗敕撰. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, 御製五體清文鑑.卷1: 天部·天文類1-1[M]. 北京: 故宮博物院藏本: ?: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--:*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, uksurai cubanše tucibuhe. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui ubu[M]. beging: gugung bū u yuwan de asaraha: 1957: 2.--&gt;
&lt;!--::清高宗敕撰. 民族出版社出版. &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[གནམ]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|[[ᠲᠩᠷᠢ]]}}'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[آڛمان‬]]'''&quot; / &quot;'''[[天]]'''&quot;, 五體清文鑑.上冊[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 1957: 2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Захаров И И. &quot;&quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot; абка&quot;, Полній Маньчжурско-Русскій Словарь[M]. Санкт-Петербург: Типографія Императорской Академій Наукъ: 1875: 24.--&gt;

&lt;!--*渡部薫太郎. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 訂正滿洲語文典/dasaha manju gisun kooli[M]. 大阪: 大阪東洋學會: 1926: 33.--&gt;

&lt;!--*金得榥. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 기초 滿韓辭典/datengge manju solho buleku bithe[M]. 서울: 대지문화사: 1950: 1. ISBN: 9788971551707.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Haenisch E. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, Mandschu-Grammatik mit Lesestucken und 23 Texttafeln[M/OL]. Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie Leipzig: 1961: 26. [https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf altaica.ru/LIBRARY/MANCHU/Haenisch_Mandschugrammatik.pdf Altaica - Грамматические очерки языков тунгусо-маньчжурской семьи - Маньчжурский] [2025-08-24]--&gt;

&lt;!--*山本謙吾. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語口語基礎語彙集[M]. 東京: 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所: 1969: 99.--&gt;

&lt;!--*羽田亨. &quot;Abka&quot;, 滿和辭典/manju ži ben gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 東京: 国書刊行会: 1972: 1.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Norman J. &quot;ABKA&quot;, A Concise Manchu-English Lexicon[M]. Washington: University of Washington Press: 1978: 3. ISBN: 978-0-295-95574-2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*刘厚生. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} Abka&quot;, 简明满汉辞典/šolokon manju nikan gisun kamcibuha bithe[M]. 开封: 河南大学出版社: 1988: 1. ISBN: 7-81018-052-5.--&gt;

*安双成. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 满汉大辞典/manju nikan yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M/OL]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 1993: 687. ISBN: 9787549709939. [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=73&amp;imageFileName=687 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2026-07-02].

*胡增益. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} dergi abka&quot;, 新满汉大词典/ice manju nikan gisun kamcibuha buleku bithe (iche manzhu nikan gisun kamchibuha buleku bithe)[M/OL]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 1994: 184. ISBN: 7-228-02404-4. [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/p06/imageviewer/detail?dicId=74&amp;imageFileName=184 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman/Manchu]. [2026-07-02].

&lt;!--*河内良弘, 清瀬義三郎則府. &quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 満洲語文語入門[M]. 京都: 京都大学学術出版会: 2002: 4.--&gt;

*刘厚生. &quot;上：上天&quot;, 汉满辞典/nikan manju gisuni buleku bithe[M]. 北京: 民族出版社: 2004: 495. ISBN: 7-105-06386-6.

&lt;!--*安双成. &quot;天①&quot;, 汉满大辞典/nikan manju yongkiyangga buleku bithe[M]. 沈阳: 辽宁民族出版社: 2007: 1023. ISBN: 978-7-80722-160-9.--&gt;

&lt;!--*戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 59, 105. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.--&gt;

&lt;!--*Norman J. &quot;abka&quot;, A Comprehensive Manchu-English Dictionary[M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 2013: 2. ISBN: 978-1-68417-069-2.--&gt;

&lt;!--*敖拉·毕力格. &quot;&quot;{{MongolUnicode|lang=mn|ᠲᠩᠷᠢ}}&quot;&quot;, 蒙汉满词典/monggo nikan manju buleku bithe[M]. 赤峰: 内蒙古科学技术出版社: 2016: 1099. ISBN: 978-7-5380-2677-1.--&gt;

*贺忠德. &quot;[[Wt/mnc/上天|上天]] ❸&quot;, 汉锡词典/nikan sibe gisun buleku bithe[M]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆人民出版社: 2016: 1548. ISBN: 978-7-228-19207-6.（[[:zh:锡伯语|锡伯语]]、汉语）
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i acalaha gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i acalaha gisun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|d]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gebsun|d]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/niohon abka</title>
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      <text bytes="6644" sha1="54tdyp2f1rlv09516b5cv5uy6ybvj6u" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Blue_Sky.png|thumb|right|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨᠠ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (niohon abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niohon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niuhon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niohon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠴᠣ|ᠪᠣᠴᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ|ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/蒼天|蒼天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''niohon abka'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/niuhon abka|niuhon abka]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''niohon abka'''
 
=== gebsun === 
:1. 
::{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|『ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ』᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ:&lt;br&gt;[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠴᠣ|ᠪᠣᠴᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ|ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉}}
:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin, ujui meyen: 
::[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/boco|boco]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
:::sky-GEN color ACC point-IMPF.CONV talk-PTC.DUR-DAT '''light.green sky'''&lt;!--niohon abka: the blue sky--&gt; say-IMPF.CONCL
:::天-GEN 色彩 ACC 指-IMPF.CONV 说-PTC.DUR-DAT '''青 天'''&lt;!--niohon abka: 苍天--&gt; 称为-IMPF.CONCL
 
=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/蒼天|蒼天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 2 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/蒼天|蒼天]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 2(右).

----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|n]]</text>
      <sha1>54tdyp2f1rlv09516b5cv5uy6ybvj6u</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305181</id>
      <parentid>7304908</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T04:58:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305181</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6089" sha1="qgi67g3rddu8sokmo4o6uxmjxhkb3ny" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Blue_Sky.png|thumb|right|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨᠠ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (niohon abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niohon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niuhon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niohon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠴᠣ|ᠪᠣᠴᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ|ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/蒼天|蒼天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''niohon abka'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/niuhon abka|niuhon abka]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''niohon abka'''
 
=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/boco|boco]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::sky-GEN color ACC point-IMPF.CONV talk-PTC.DUR-DAT '''light.green sky'''&lt;!--niohon abka: the blue sky--&gt; say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天-GEN 色彩 ACC 指-IMPF.CONV 说-PTC.DUR-DAT '''青 天'''&lt;!--niohon abka: 苍天--&gt; 称为-IMPF.CONCL
 
=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/蒼天|蒼天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 2 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/蒼天|蒼天]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 2(右).

----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|n]]</text>
      <sha1>qgi67g3rddu8sokmo4o6uxmjxhkb3ny</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305195</id>
      <parentid>7305181</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:05:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* aisilara bithe cagan */</comment>
      <origin>7305195</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6088" sha1="bgppo68tklddghv8r0kkwo0wrkqe08p" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Blue_Sky.png|thumb|right|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨᠠ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (niohon abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niohon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niuhon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niohon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠴᠣ|ᠪᠣᠴᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ|ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/蒼天|蒼天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''niohon abka'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/niuhon abka|niuhon abka]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''niohon abka'''
 
=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/boco|boco]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::sky-GEN color ACC point-IMPF.CONV talk-PTC.DUR-DAT '''light.green sky'''&lt;!--niohon abka: the blue sky--&gt; say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天-GEN 色彩 ACC 指-IMPF.CONV 说-PTC.DUR-DAT '''青 天'''&lt;!--niohon abka: 苍天--&gt; 称为-IMPF.CONCL
 
=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/蒼天|蒼天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;蒼天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|n]]</text>
      <sha1>bgppo68tklddghv8r0kkwo0wrkqe08p</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305249</id>
      <parentid>7305195</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:21:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305249</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6792" sha1="cqsvcsk7cl945ppl44ankj7orsdpq2s" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Blue_Sky.png|thumb|right|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨᠠ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (niohon abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niohon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niuhon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niohon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠴᠣ|ᠪᠣᠴᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ|ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/蒼天|蒼天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''niohon abka'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/niuhon abka|niuhon abka]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''niohon abka'''
 
=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/boco|boco]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. [[Wt/mnc/ši ging|ši ging]]&lt;ref&gt;= [[Wt/mnc/irgebun -i nomun|irgebun -i nomun]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] tang fung [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] boo ioi [[Wt/mnc/fiyelen|fiyelen]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], [[Wt/mnc/buru|buru]] [[Wt/mnc/bara|bara]] '''[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''', [[Wt/mnc/atanggi|atanggi]] [[Wt/mnc/ba|ba]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/bahambi|bahambi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/boco|boco]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::sky-GEN color ACC point-IMPF.CONV talk-PTC.DUR-DAT '''light.green sky'''&lt;!--niohon abka: the blue sky--&gt; say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天-GEN 色彩 ACC 指-IMPF.CONV 说-PTC.DUR-DAT '''青 天'''&lt;!--niohon abka: 苍天--&gt; 称为-IMPF.CONCL
 
=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/蒼天|蒼天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;蒼天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|n]]</text>
      <sha1>cqsvcsk7cl945ppl44ankj7orsdpq2s</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305287</id>
      <parentid>7305249</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:05:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
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      <origin>7305287</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="7547" sha1="okjztuagonr8zhuhukmsr923rq1ccre" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Blue_Sky.png|thumb|right|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨᠠ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (niohon abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niohon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niuhon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niohon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠴᠣ|ᠪᠣᠴᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ|ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/蒼天|蒼天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''niohon abka'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/niuhon abka|niuhon abka]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''niohon abka'''
 
=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/boco|boco]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. [[Wt/mnc/ši ging|ši ging]]&lt;ref&gt;= [[Wt/mnc/irgebun -i nomun|irgebun -i nomun]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] tang fung [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] boo ioi [[Wt/mnc/fiyelen|fiyelen]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], [[Wt/mnc/buru|buru]] [[Wt/mnc/bara|bara]] '''[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''', [[Wt/mnc/atanggi|atanggi]] [[Wt/mnc/ba|ba]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/bahambi|bahambi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/boco|boco]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::sky-GEN color ACC point-IMPF.CONV talk-PTC.DUR-DAT '''light.green sky'''&lt;!--niohon abka: the blue sky--&gt; say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天-GEN 色彩 ACC 指-IMPF.CONV 说-PTC.DUR-DAT '''青 天'''&lt;!--niohon abka: 苍天--&gt; 称为-IMPF.CONCL
 
=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (hashū).
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1 (左).
:[http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2026-08-25].

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/蒼天|蒼天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;蒼天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|n]]</text>
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      <id>7305293</id>
      <parentid>7305287</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:08:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
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      <text bytes="7525" sha1="12xdzehtxolutcucu2q5juw9o0ctz1w" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Blue_Sky.png|thumb|right|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨᠠ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (niohon abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niohon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niuhon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''niohon abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠴᠣ|ᠪᠣᠴᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ|ᠵᠣᡵᡳᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ|ᡤᡳᠰᡠᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳᡥᡝᡩᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/蒼天|蒼天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''niohon abka'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/niuhon abka|niuhon abka]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''niohon abka'''
 
=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/boco|boco]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. [[Wt/mnc/ši ging|ši ging]]&lt;ref&gt;= [[Wt/mnc/irgebun -i nomun|irgebun -i nomun]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] tang fung [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] boo ioi [[Wt/mnc/fiyelen|fiyelen]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], [[Wt/mnc/buru|buru]] [[Wt/mnc/bara|bara]] '''[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''', [[Wt/mnc/atanggi|atanggi]] [[Wt/mnc/ba|ba]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/bahambi|bahambi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/boco|boco]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/jorime|jorime]] [[Wt/mnc/gisurembihede|gisurembihede]], '''[[Wt/mnc/niohon|niohon]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::sky-GEN color ACC point-IMPF.CONV talk-PTC.DUR-DAT '''light.green sky'''&lt;!--niohon abka: the blue sky--&gt; say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天-GEN 色彩 ACC 指-IMPF.CONV 说-PTC.DUR-DAT '''青 天'''&lt;!--niohon abka: 苍天--&gt; 称为-IMPF.CONCL
 
=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''3'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/dergi abka|dergi abka]] (2) -- '''niohon abka''' (3) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (hashū).
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1 (左).
:[http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2026-08-25].

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/蒼天|蒼天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;蒼天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|n]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305183</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:00:53Z</timestamp>
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        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
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      <text bytes="6235" sha1="512y5w9do62ix9fpdve4hbj99hqnzv4" xml:space="preserve">manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge
[[File:Blue_sky_south_of_France.jpg|thumb|right|[[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (genggiyen abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''genggiyen abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''genggiyen abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''genggiyen abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡤᡳ|ᡨᡠᡤᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ|ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᡴᡡ|ᠠᡴᡡ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ|ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ|ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡨᡠᡴᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᡨᡠᡴᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''genggiyen abka'''
:abkai durun: '''genggiyen abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''genggiyen abka'''

=== gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}} (genggiyen abka)
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/tugi|tugi]] [[Wt/mnc/sukdun|sukdun]] [[Wt/mnc/akū|akū]] [[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/bolgo|bolgo]] [[Wt/mnc/getuken|getuken]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::cloud atmosphere there.is.not very clean clear ACC '''clear sky''' say-IMPF.CONCL 
#::云 气 没有 非常 干净的 清晰的 ACC '''清澈的 天''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL 

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [sara unde]→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 2 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 2(右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305189</id>
      <parentid>7305183</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:02:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* gebsun */</comment>
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      <text bytes="6160" sha1="0ls7bd2pg4xuvotnw4m5u0gfdzg4lzq" xml:space="preserve">manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge
[[File:Blue_sky_south_of_France.jpg|thumb|right|[[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (genggiyen abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''genggiyen abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''genggiyen abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''genggiyen abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡤᡳ|ᡨᡠᡤᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ|ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᡴᡡ|ᠠᡴᡡ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ|ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ|ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡨᡠᡴᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᡨᡠᡴᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''genggiyen abka'''
:abkai durun: '''genggiyen abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''genggiyen abka'''

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/tugi|tugi]] [[Wt/mnc/sukdun|sukdun]] [[Wt/mnc/akū|akū]] [[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/bolgo|bolgo]] [[Wt/mnc/getuken|getuken]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::cloud atmosphere there.is.not very clean clear ACC '''clear sky''' say-IMPF.CONCL 
#::云 气 没有 非常 干净的 清晰的 ACC '''清澈的 天''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [sara unde]→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 2 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 2(右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
      <sha1>0ls7bd2pg4xuvotnw4m5u0gfdzg4lzq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305196</id>
      <parentid>7305189</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:06:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* aisilara bithe cagan */</comment>
      <origin>7305196</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6148" sha1="qu0d3450ivufkdq8wd0xwnhulo0n95i" xml:space="preserve">manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge
[[File:Blue_sky_south_of_France.jpg|thumb|right|[[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}} (genggiyen abka)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''genggiyen abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''genggiyen abka'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''genggiyen abka'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᡤᡳ|ᡨᡠᡤᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ|ᠰᡠᡴᡩᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᡴᡡ|ᠠᡴᡡ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ|ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ|ᠪᠣᠯᡤᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡨᡠᡴᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᡨᡠᡴᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''genggiyen abka'''
:abkai durun: '''genggiyen abka'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''genggiyen abka'''

=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/tugi|tugi]] [[Wt/mnc/sukdun|sukdun]] [[Wt/mnc/akū|akū]] [[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/bolgo|bolgo]] [[Wt/mnc/getuken|getuken]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::cloud atmosphere there.is.not very clean clear ACC '''clear sky''' say-IMPF.CONCL 
#::云 气 没有 非常 干净的 清晰的 ACC '''清澈的 天''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [sara unde]→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''4'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/niohon abka|niohon abka]] (3) -- '''genggiyen abka''' (4) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/天|天]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;清天&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
      <sha1>qu0d3450ivufkdq8wd0xwnhulo0n95i</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/abka fundehun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017500</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305184</id>
      <parentid>7288444</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:00:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305184</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5873" sha1="o30vyxwyuxof0f78lp2e8ege5dozk7y" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ}} (abka fundehun)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka fundehun'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka fundehun'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka fundehun'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠯᠣᡵᡳ|ᠪᠣᠯᠣᡵᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠮᡝ|ᠣᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠴᠣ|ᠪᠣᠴᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᡴᠰᡝᡥᡠᠨ|ᠰᡝᡴᠰᡝᡥᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠵᠣᡵᠣ|ᠣᠵᠣᡵᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ|ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天氣|天氣]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/肅|肅]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''abka fundehun'''
:abkai durun): '''abka fundehun'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''abka fundehun'''
 
=== gūnin === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/bolori|bolori]] [[Wt/mnc/ome|ome]] [[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/boco|boco]] [[Wt/mnc/seksehun|seksehun]] [[Wt/mnc/ojoro|ojoro]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] [[Wt/mnc/fundehun|fundehun]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::autumn become-IMPF.CONV sky-GEN color pale become.IMPF.ADN ACC '''sky pallid''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::秋 变为-IMPF.CONV 天-GEN 色彩 苍白的 变为.IMPF.ADN ACC '''天 色泽淡白的''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''5'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4) -- '''abka fundehun''' (5) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''5'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4) -- '''abka fundehun''' (5) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''5'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4) -- '''abka fundehun''' (5) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''5'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4) -- '''abka fundehun''' (5) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''5'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4) -- '''abka fundehun''' (5) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''5'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4) -- '''abka fundehun''' (5) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天氣|天氣]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/肅|肅]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 2 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天氣|天氣]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/肅|肅]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 2(右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]</text>
      <sha1>o30vyxwyuxof0f78lp2e8ege5dozk7y</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305197</id>
      <parentid>7305184</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:07:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* aisilara bithe cagan */</comment>
      <origin>7305197</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5843" sha1="9lf64ala4exc6qysanh0hojn99mvo13" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ}} (abka fundehun)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠨᡳᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka fundehun'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka fundehun'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abka fundehun'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠯᠣᡵᡳ|ᠪᠣᠯᠣᡵᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠮᡝ|ᠣᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠣᠴᠣ|ᠪᠣᠴᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᡴᠰᡝᡥᡠᠨ|ᠰᡝᡴᠰᡝᡥᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠵᠣᡵᠣ|ᠣᠵᠣᡵᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ|ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天氣|天氣]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/肅|肅]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''abka fundehun'''
:abkai durun): '''abka fundehun'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''abka fundehun'''
 
=== gūnin === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/bolori|bolori]] [[Wt/mnc/ome|ome]] [[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/boco|boco]] [[Wt/mnc/seksehun|seksehun]] [[Wt/mnc/ojoro|ojoro]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] [[Wt/mnc/fundehun|fundehun]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::autumn become-IMPF.CONV sky-GEN color pale become.IMPF.ADN ACC '''sky pallid''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::秋 变为-IMPF.CONV 天-GEN 色彩 苍白的 变为.IMPF.ADN ACC '''天 色泽淡白的''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''5'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4) -- '''abka fundehun''' (5) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''5'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4) -- '''abka fundehun''' (5) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''5'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4) -- '''abka fundehun''' (5) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''5'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4) -- '''abka fundehun''' (5) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''5'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4) -- '''abka fundehun''' (5) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''5'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen abka|genggiyen abka]] (4) -- '''abka fundehun''' (5) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天氣|天氣]][[Wt/mnc/清|清]][[Wt/mnc/肅|肅]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡠᠨᡩᡝᡥᡠᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;天氣清肅&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]</text>
      <sha1>9lf64ala4exc6qysanh0hojn99mvo13</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/uldeke</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017520</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305182</id>
      <parentid>7288441</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T04:59:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305182</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5573" sha1="bsfmbzu5zmp6gpejcr80o7zwfl6bluh" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Dawn_in_Bray,_Co.Wicklow.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ}} 
uldeke]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ}} (uldeke)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]
 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''uldeke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''uldeke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''uldeke'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡴᡝ|ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡴᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;ᡶᠠᡴᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᡠᠯᡩᡝ᠊]] + [[Wt/mnc/᠊ᡴᡝ|᠊ᡴᡝ]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/晨光|晨光]][[Wt/mnc/現|現]][[Wt/mnc/出|出]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''uldeke'''
:abkai durun: '''uldeke'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''uldeke'''
 
=== aššasun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] [[Wt/mnc/tucike|tucike]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''uldeke''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::light.at.dawn come.out-PERF.ADN ACC '''become.light-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL 
#::晨光 出来-PERF.ADN ACC '''晨光照耀-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL 

==== faksalabun ====
[[Wt/mnc/uldembi|ulde-]] + [[Wt/mnc/-ke|-ke]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''7'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6) -- '''uldeke''' (7) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''7'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6) -- '''uldeke''' (7) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''7'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6) -- '''uldeke''' (7) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''7'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6) -- '''uldeke''' (7) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''7'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6) -- '''uldeke''' (7) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''7'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6) -- '''uldeke''' (7) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/晨光|晨光]][[Wt/mnc/現|現]][[Wt/mnc/出|出]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 2 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/晨光|晨光]][[Wt/mnc/現|現]][[Wt/mnc/出|出]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 2(右).

----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i aššasun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|u]]</text>
      <sha1>bsfmbzu5zmp6gpejcr80o7zwfl6bluh</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305199</id>
      <parentid>7305182</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:08:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* aisilara bithe cagan */</comment>
      <origin>7305199</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5539" sha1="sur3lmbgqsxedetl5do4du2s7kzolql" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Dawn_in_Bray,_Co.Wicklow.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ}} 
uldeke]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ}} (uldeke)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]
 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''uldeke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''uldeke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''uldeke'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡴᡝ|ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡴᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;ᡶᠠᡴᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᡠᠯᡩᡝ᠊]] + [[Wt/mnc/᠊ᡴᡝ|᠊ᡴᡝ]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/晨光|晨光]][[Wt/mnc/現|現]][[Wt/mnc/出|出]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''uldeke'''
:abkai durun: '''uldeke'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''uldeke'''
 
=== aššasun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] [[Wt/mnc/tucike|tucike]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''uldeke''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::light.at.dawn come.out-PERF.ADN ACC '''become.light-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL 
#::晨光 出来-PERF.ADN ACC '''晨光照耀-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL 

==== faksalabun ====
[[Wt/mnc/uldembi|ulde-]] + [[Wt/mnc/-ke|-ke]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''7'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6) -- '''uldeke''' (7) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''7'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6) -- '''uldeke''' (7) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''7'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6) -- '''uldeke''' (7) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''7'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6) -- '''uldeke''' (7) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''7'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6) -- '''uldeke''' (7) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''7'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/ulden|ulden]] (6) -- '''uldeke''' (7) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/晨光|晨光]][[Wt/mnc/現|現]][[Wt/mnc/出|出]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;晨光現出&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i aššasun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|u]]</text>
      <sha1>sur3lmbgqsxedetl5do4du2s7kzolql</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/ulden</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017521</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305185</id>
      <parentid>7288446</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:00:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305185</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5665" sha1="8pzdig90ik52rhap15tfzdu50917v9s" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Dawn_in_Bray,_Co.Wicklow.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ}} 
ulden [[Wt/mnc/sabumbi|sabumbi]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ}} (ulden)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''ulden'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''ulden'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''ulden'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡵᠠ|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡵᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣ|ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡵᡝ|ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/晨光|晨光]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun): '''ulden'''
:abkai durun): '''ulden'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''ulden'''
 
=== gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''}} (ulden)
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/alin jakarara|alin jakarara]] [[Wt/mnc/onggolo|onggolo]] [[Wt/mnc/tucire|tucire]] [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''ulden''' [[Wt/mnc/sabumbi|sabumbi]] [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::mountain crack-IMPF.ADN before come.out-IMPF.ADN light ACC '''light.at.dawn''' see-IMPF.CONCL say-IMPF.CONCL
#::山 裂开-IMPF.ADN 以前 出来-IMPF.ADN 光 ACC '''晨光''' 看见-IMPF.CONCL 称为-IMPF.CONCL

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/晨光|晨光]], ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 2 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/晨光|晨光]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 2(右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|u]]</text>
      <sha1>8pzdig90ik52rhap15tfzdu50917v9s</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305190</id>
      <parentid>7305185</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:02:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* gebsun */</comment>
      <origin>7305190</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5622" sha1="pbc29hgjdg3eh1ddxnmn32k4eiusm1b" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Dawn_in_Bray,_Co.Wicklow.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ}} 
ulden [[Wt/mnc/sabumbi|sabumbi]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ}} (ulden)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''ulden'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''ulden'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''ulden'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡵᠠ|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡵᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣ|ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡵᡝ|ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/晨光|晨光]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun): '''ulden'''
:abkai durun): '''ulden'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''ulden'''
 
=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/alin jakarara|alin jakarara]] [[Wt/mnc/onggolo|onggolo]] [[Wt/mnc/tucire|tucire]] [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''ulden''' [[Wt/mnc/sabumbi|sabumbi]] [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::mountain crack-IMPF.ADN before come.out-IMPF.ADN light ACC '''light.at.dawn''' see-IMPF.CONCL say-IMPF.CONCL
#::山 裂开-IMPF.ADN 以前 出来-IMPF.ADN 光 ACC '''晨光''' 看见-IMPF.CONCL 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/晨光|晨光]], ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 2 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/晨光|晨光]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 2(右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|u]]</text>
      <sha1>pbc29hgjdg3eh1ddxnmn32k4eiusm1b</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305198</id>
      <parentid>7305190</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:08:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* aisilara bithe cagan */</comment>
      <origin>7305198</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5623" sha1="1lm5v5rxk77tgnkanrfgqbegv30jatj" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Dawn_in_Bray,_Co.Wicklow.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ}} 
ulden [[Wt/mnc/sabumbi|sabumbi]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ}} (ulden)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''ulden'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''ulden'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''ulden'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡵᠠ|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡵᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣ|ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡵᡝ|ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᠠᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/晨光|晨光]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠒ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun): '''ulden'''
:abkai durun): '''ulden'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''ulden'''
 
=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/alin jakarara|alin jakarara]] [[Wt/mnc/onggolo|onggolo]] [[Wt/mnc/tucire|tucire]] [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''ulden''' [[Wt/mnc/sabumbi|sabumbi]] [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::mountain crack-IMPF.ADN before come.out-IMPF.ADN light ACC '''light.at.dawn''' see-IMPF.CONCL say-IMPF.CONCL
#::山 裂开-IMPF.ADN 以前 出来-IMPF.ADN 光 ACC '''晨光''' 看见-IMPF.CONCL 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''6'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abka fundehun|abka fundehun]] (5) -- '''ulden''' (6) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/晨光|晨光]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 2 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;晨光&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 2 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|u]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|u]]</text>
      <sha1>1lm5v5rxk77tgnkanrfgqbegv30jatj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/gersi fersi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017525</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305187</id>
      <parentid>7288445</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:01:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305187</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5519" sha1="5izbdyej6hzn1cppzpuq4r99k6dz6d1" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}} (gersi fersi)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ|ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黎明|黎明]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''gersi fersi'''
:abkai durun: '''gersi fersi'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''gersi fersi'''
 
=== gebsun === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''}} (gersi fersi)
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/gereme|gereme]] [[Wt/mnc/hamika|hamika]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/gersi|gersi]] [[Wt/mnc/fersi|fersi]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::dawn-IMPF.CONV be.close.to-PERF.ADN ACC '''daybreak''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天亮-IMPF.CONV 将近-PERF.ADN ACC '''黎明''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9) -- '''gersi fersi''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9) -- '''gersi fersi''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;

&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黎明|黎明]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (hashū)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黎明|黎明]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
      <sha1>5izbdyej6hzn1cppzpuq4r99k6dz6d1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305193</id>
      <parentid>7305187</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:02:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* gebsun */</comment>
      <origin>7305193</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5454" sha1="fxkw0wp7kujkonp4l8zsmkcfogx7ugc" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}} (gersi fersi)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ|ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黎明|黎明]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''gersi fersi'''
:abkai durun: '''gersi fersi'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''gersi fersi'''
 
=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/gereme|gereme]] [[Wt/mnc/hamika|hamika]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/gersi|gersi]] [[Wt/mnc/fersi|fersi]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::dawn-IMPF.CONV be.close.to-PERF.ADN ACC '''daybreak''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天亮-IMPF.CONV 将近-PERF.ADN ACC '''黎明''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9) -- '''gersi fersi''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9) -- '''gersi fersi''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;

&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黎明|黎明]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (hashū)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黎明|黎明]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
      <sha1>fxkw0wp7kujkonp4l8zsmkcfogx7ugc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305201</id>
      <parentid>7305193</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:10:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* aisilara bithe cagan */</comment>
      <origin>7305201</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5439" sha1="c5akbhkagdy67mzrnwgre6va8fpexch" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}} (gersi fersi)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ|ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黎明|黎明]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''gersi fersi'''
:abkai durun: '''gersi fersi'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''gersi fersi'''
 
=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/gereme|gereme]] [[Wt/mnc/hamika|hamika]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/gersi|gersi]] [[Wt/mnc/fersi|fersi]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::dawn-IMPF.CONV be.close.to-PERF.ADN ACC '''daybreak''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天亮-IMPF.CONV 将近-PERF.ADN ACC '''黎明''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9) -- '''gersi fersi''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9) -- '''gersi fersi''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黎明|黎明]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (hashū)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}}&quot;, &quot;黎明&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
      <sha1>c5akbhkagdy67mzrnwgre6va8fpexch</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305203</id>
      <parentid>7305201</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:18:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* gebsun */</comment>
      <origin>7305203</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6067" sha1="q2xlyvervq5r6ex80pvxx3pubtbf9rb" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}} (gersi fersi)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ|ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黎明|黎明]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''gersi fersi'''
:abkai durun: '''gersi fersi'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''gersi fersi'''
 
=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/gereme|gereme]] [[Wt/mnc/hamika|hamika]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''gersi fersi''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. [[Wt/mnc/šu ging|šu ging]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/dasan -i nomun|dasan -i nomun]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] tai giya fiyelen [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], [[Wt/mnc/nenehe|nenehe]] [[Wt/mnc/wang|wang]] '''gersi fersi''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], [[Wt/mnc/ambarame|ambarame]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyelefi|genggiyelefi]], [[Wt/mnc/tehei|tehei]] [[Wt/mnc/gerendere|gerendere]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/aliyambi|aliyambi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/gereme|gereme]] [[Wt/mnc/hamika|hamika]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/gersi|gersi]] [[Wt/mnc/fersi|fersi]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::dawn-IMPF.CONV be.close.to-PERF.ADN ACC '''daybreak''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天亮-IMPF.CONV 将近-PERF.ADN ACC '''黎明''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9) -- '''gersi fersi''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9) -- '''gersi fersi''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黎明|黎明]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (hashū)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}}&quot;, &quot;黎明&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
      <sha1>q2xlyvervq5r6ex80pvxx3pubtbf9rb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305289</id>
      <parentid>7305203</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:05:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305289</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6819" sha1="k4aaf98f40ul6e3eq64x1oepx2wnat3" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}} (gersi fersi)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ|ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黎明|黎明]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''gersi fersi'''
:abkai durun: '''gersi fersi'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''gersi fersi'''
 
=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/gereme|gereme]] [[Wt/mnc/hamika|hamika]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''gersi fersi''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. [[Wt/mnc/šu ging|šu ging]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/dasan -i nomun|dasan -i nomun]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] tai giya fiyelen [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], [[Wt/mnc/nenehe|nenehe]] [[Wt/mnc/wang|wang]] '''gersi fersi''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], [[Wt/mnc/ambarame|ambarame]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyelefi|genggiyelefi]], [[Wt/mnc/tehei|tehei]] [[Wt/mnc/gerendere|gerendere]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/aliyambi|aliyambi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/gereme|gereme]] [[Wt/mnc/hamika|hamika]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/gersi|gersi]] [[Wt/mnc/fersi|fersi]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::dawn-IMPF.CONV be.close.to-PERF.ADN ACC '''daybreak''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天亮-IMPF.CONV 将近-PERF.ADN ACC '''黎明''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9) -- '''gersi fersi''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9) -- '''gersi fersi''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici).
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1 (右).
:[http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2026-08-25].

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黎明|黎明]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (hashū)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}}&quot;, &quot;黎明&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305295</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:08:06Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="6797" sha1="8j2zkhyqlonxeh74zka56zl21q3ns7p" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}} (gersi fersi)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gersi fersi'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ|ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黎明|黎明]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''gersi fersi'''
:abkai durun: '''gersi fersi'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''gersi fersi'''
 
=== gebsun === 
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/gereme|gereme]] [[Wt/mnc/hamika|hamika]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''gersi fersi''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. [[Wt/mnc/šu ging|šu ging]]&lt;ref&gt;=[[Wt/mnc/dasan -i nomun|dasan -i nomun]]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] tai giya fiyelen [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], [[Wt/mnc/nenehe|nenehe]] [[Wt/mnc/wang|wang]] '''gersi fersi''' [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], [[Wt/mnc/ambarame|ambarame]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyelefi|genggiyelefi]], [[Wt/mnc/tehei|tehei]] [[Wt/mnc/gerendere|gerendere]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]] [[Wt/mnc/aliyambi|aliyambi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/gereme|gereme]] [[Wt/mnc/hamika|hamika]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/gersi|gersi]] [[Wt/mnc/fersi|fersi]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::dawn-IMPF.CONV be.close.to-PERF.ADN ACC '''daybreak''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天亮-IMPF.CONV 将近-PERF.ADN ACC '''黎明''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9) -- '''gersi fersi''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''gersi fersi''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9) -- '''gersi fersi''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 1 (ici).
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 1 (右).
:[http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2026-08-25].

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黎明|黎明]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (hashū)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ}}&quot;, &quot;黎明&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
      <sha1>8j2zkhyqlonxeh74zka56zl21q3ns7p</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305186</id>
      <parentid>7288442</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:01:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
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      <origin>7305186</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7183" sha1="1mpyfijr8gurtvtrvdnlcain1hlh5nu" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Dawn on the Dells of Prescott.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/alin|alin]] [[Wt/mnc/jakaraha|jakaraha]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ}} (alin jakaraha)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''alin jakaraha'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''alin jakaraha'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''alin zhakaraha'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡵᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣ|ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᡵᡤᡳᠴᡳ|ᡝᡵᡤᡳᠴᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡶᡳ|ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡶᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡳᠯᡤᠠᠪᡠᠮᡝ|ᡳᠯᡤᠠᠪᡠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ|ᠰᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;ᡶᠠᡴᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᠮᠪᡳ|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠ᠊]] + [[Wt/mnc/᠊ᡥᠠ|᠊ᡥᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/東方|東方]][[Wt/mnc/明|明]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''alin jakaraha'''
:abkai durun: '''alin jakaraha'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/alin zhakaraha|alin zhakaraha]]'''
 
=== gūnin === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ'''}} (alin jakaraha)
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] [[Wt/mnc/gerere|gerere]] [[Wt/mnc/onggolo|onggolo]] [[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/ergici|ergici]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] [[Wt/mnc/tucifi|tucifi]], [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] [[Wt/mnc/alin|alin]] [[Wt/mnc/ilgabume|ilgabume]] [[Wt/mnc/sabure|sabure]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/alin|alin]] [[Wt/mnc/jakaraha|jakaraha]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::sky dawn-IMPF.ADN before east direction-ABL bright light come.out-PERF.CONV sky mountain distinguish-CAUS-IMPF.CONV see-IMPF.ADN ACC '''mountain crack-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天 天亮-IMPF.ADN 以前 东 方位-ABL 明亮的 光 出来-PERF.CONV 天 山 辨别-CAUS-IMPF.CONV 看见-IMPF.ADN ACC '''山 裂开-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

==== faksalabun ====
[[Wt/mnc/alin jakarambi|alin jakara-]] + [[Wt/mnc/-ha|-ha]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/東方|東方]][[Wt/mnc/明|明]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (hashū)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/東方|東方]][[Wt/mnc/明|明]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|a]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305191</id>
      <parentid>7305186</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:02:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* gūnin */</comment>
      <origin>7305191</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="7110" sha1="27c0vcun8cyjnthxbewyl5ufsp6sg7c" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Dawn on the Dells of Prescott.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/alin|alin]] [[Wt/mnc/jakaraha|jakaraha]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ}} (alin jakaraha)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''alin jakaraha'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''alin jakaraha'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''alin zhakaraha'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡵᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣ|ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᡵᡤᡳᠴᡳ|ᡝᡵᡤᡳᠴᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡶᡳ|ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡶᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡳᠯᡤᠠᠪᡠᠮᡝ|ᡳᠯᡤᠠᠪᡠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ|ᠰᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;ᡶᠠᡴᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᠮᠪᡳ|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠ᠊]] + [[Wt/mnc/᠊ᡥᠠ|᠊ᡥᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/東方|東方]][[Wt/mnc/明|明]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''alin jakaraha'''
:abkai durun: '''alin jakaraha'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/alin zhakaraha|alin zhakaraha]]'''
 
=== gūnin === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] [[Wt/mnc/gerere|gerere]] [[Wt/mnc/onggolo|onggolo]] [[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/ergici|ergici]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] [[Wt/mnc/tucifi|tucifi]], [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] [[Wt/mnc/alin|alin]] [[Wt/mnc/ilgabume|ilgabume]] [[Wt/mnc/sabure|sabure]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/alin|alin]] [[Wt/mnc/jakaraha|jakaraha]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::sky dawn-IMPF.ADN before east direction-ABL bright light come.out-PERF.CONV sky mountain distinguish-CAUS-IMPF.CONV see-IMPF.ADN ACC '''mountain crack-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天 天亮-IMPF.ADN 以前 东 方位-ABL 明亮的 光 出来-PERF.CONV 天 山 辨别-CAUS-IMPF.CONV 看见-IMPF.ADN ACC '''山 裂开-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

==== faksalabun ====
[[Wt/mnc/alin jakarambi|alin jakara-]] + [[Wt/mnc/-ha|-ha]]

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/東方|東方]][[Wt/mnc/明|明]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (hashū)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/東方|東方]][[Wt/mnc/明|明]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|a]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]</text>
      <sha1>27c0vcun8cyjnthxbewyl5ufsp6sg7c</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305202</id>
      <parentid>7305191</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:10:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* aisilara bithe cagan */</comment>
      <origin>7305202</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7095" sha1="f315iz8d5r9o9avbueexw79w4ml7ssl" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Dawn on the Dells of Prescott.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/alin|alin]] [[Wt/mnc/jakaraha|jakaraha]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ}} (alin jakaraha)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''alin jakaraha'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''alin jakaraha'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''alin zhakaraha'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡵᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣ|ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ|ᡩᡝᡵᡤᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᡵᡤᡳᠴᡳ|ᡝᡵᡤᡳᠴᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡶᡳ|ᡨᡠᠴᡳᡶᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡳᠯᡤᠠᠪᡠᠮᡝ|ᡳᠯᡤᠠᠪᡠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ|ᠰᠠᠪᡠᡵᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;ᡶᠠᡴᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᠮᠪᡳ|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠ᠊]] + [[Wt/mnc/᠊ᡥᠠ|᠊ᡥᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/東方|東方]][[Wt/mnc/明|明]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠯᡳᠨ ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''alin jakaraha'''
:abkai durun: '''alin jakaraha'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/alin zhakaraha|alin zhakaraha]]'''
 
=== gūnin === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] [[Wt/mnc/gerere|gerere]] [[Wt/mnc/onggolo|onggolo]] [[Wt/mnc/dergi|dergi]] [[Wt/mnc/ergici|ergici]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] [[Wt/mnc/tucifi|tucifi]], [[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] [[Wt/mnc/alin|alin]] [[Wt/mnc/ilgabume|ilgabume]] [[Wt/mnc/sabure|sabure]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/alin|alin]] [[Wt/mnc/jakaraha|jakaraha]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::sky dawn-IMPF.ADN before east direction-ABL bright light come.out-PERF.CONV sky mountain distinguish-CAUS-IMPF.CONV see-IMPF.ADN ACC '''mountain crack-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天 天亮-IMPF.ADN 以前 东 方位-ABL 明亮的 光 出来-PERF.CONV 天 山 辨别-CAUS-IMPF.CONV 看见-IMPF.ADN ACC '''山 裂开-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

==== faksalabun ====
[[Wt/mnc/alin jakarambi|alin jakara-]] + [[Wt/mnc/-ha|-ha]]

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''8'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/uldeke|uldeke]] (7) -- '''alin jakaraha''' (8) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame|farhūn suwaliyame]] (9)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/東方|東方]][[Wt/mnc/明|明]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (hashū)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠯᡳᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠵᠠᡴᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;東方明&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|a]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|a]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|a]]</text>
      <sha1>f315iz8d5r9o9avbueexw79w4ml7ssl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/farhūn suwaliyame</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017529</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305188</id>
      <parentid>7288443</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:01:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305188</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5799" sha1="nkx3enw09flm0i98mf2hflaqd8mru3h" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Dawn break .. the start of another day.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/farhūn|farhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/suwaliyame|suwaliyame]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ}} (farhūn suwaliyame)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhūn suwaliyame'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhvn suwaliyame'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhuun suwaliyame'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ|  ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣᡴᠣᠨ|ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣᡴᠣᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ|  ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᡵᡳᠨ|ᡝᡵᡳᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ|ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黑|黑]][[Wt/mnc/朧|朧]]朧&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''farhūn suwaliyame'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/farhvn suwaliyame|farhvn suwaliyame]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/farhuun suwaliyame|farhuun suwaliyame]]'''
 
=== gūnin === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ'''}} (farhūn suwaliyame)
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/onggolokon|onggolokon]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/erin|erin]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/farhūn|farhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/suwaliyame|suwaliyame]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::daybreak GEN before-DIM GEN time ACC '''dark mix-IMPF.CONV''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::黎明 GEN 以前-DIM GEN 时间 ACC '''昏暗的 混合-IMPF.CONV''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

=== ilhi ===
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''farhūn suwaliyame''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''farhūn suwaliyame''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''farhūn suwaliyame''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10)→


=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黑|黑]][[Wt/mnc/朧|朧]]朧&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (hashū)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黑|黑]][[Wt/mnc/朧|朧]]朧&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|f]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|f]]</text>
      <sha1>nkx3enw09flm0i98mf2hflaqd8mru3h</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305192</id>
      <parentid>7305188</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:02:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* gūnin */</comment>
      <origin>7305192</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5709" sha1="tinu9axffpolfivzxt74jd81fh3z5bf" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Dawn break .. the start of another day.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/farhūn|farhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/suwaliyame|suwaliyame]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ}} (farhūn suwaliyame)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhūn suwaliyame'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhvn suwaliyame'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhuun suwaliyame'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ|  ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣᡴᠣᠨ|ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣᡴᠣᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ|  ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᡵᡳᠨ|ᡝᡵᡳᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ|ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黑|黑]][[Wt/mnc/朧|朧]]朧&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''farhūn suwaliyame'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/farhvn suwaliyame|farhvn suwaliyame]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/farhuun suwaliyame|farhuun suwaliyame]]'''
 
=== gūnin === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/onggolokon|onggolokon]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/erin|erin]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/farhūn|farhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/suwaliyame|suwaliyame]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::daybreak GEN before-DIM GEN time ACC '''dark mix-IMPF.CONV''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::黎明 GEN 以前-DIM GEN 时间 ACC '''昏暗的 混合-IMPF.CONV''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''farhūn suwaliyame''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''farhūn suwaliyame''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''farhūn suwaliyame''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10)→


=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黑|黑]][[Wt/mnc/朧|朧]]朧&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (hashū)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黑|黑]][[Wt/mnc/朧|朧]]朧&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|f]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|f]]</text>
      <sha1>tinu9axffpolfivzxt74jd81fh3z5bf</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305200</id>
      <parentid>7305192</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:09:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* aisilara bithe cagan */</comment>
      <origin>7305200</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5712" sha1="43dph0x4cpn8tlj644u1qludxc88dw2" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
[[File:Dawn break .. the start of another day.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/farhūn|farhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/suwaliyame|suwaliyame]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ}} (farhūn suwaliyame)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhūn suwaliyame'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhvn suwaliyame'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhuun suwaliyame'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ|ᡤᡝᡵᠰᡳ ᡶᡝᡵᠰᡳ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ|  ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣᡴᠣᠨ|ᠣᠩᡤᠣᠯᠣᡴᠣᠨ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ|  ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᡵᡳᠨ|ᡝᡵᡳᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ|ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黑|黑]][[Wt/mnc/朧|朧]]朧&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''farhūn suwaliyame'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/farhvn suwaliyame|farhvn suwaliyame]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/farhuun suwaliyame|farhuun suwaliyame]]'''
 
=== gūnin === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/onggolokon|onggolokon]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/erin|erin]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/farhūn|farhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/suwaliyame|suwaliyame]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::daybreak GEN before-DIM GEN time ACC '''dark mix-IMPF.CONV''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::黎明 GEN 以前-DIM GEN 时间 ACC '''昏暗的 混合-IMPF.CONV''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi ===
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''farhūn suwaliyame''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''farhūn suwaliyame''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': 
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''9'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/alin jakaraha|alin jakaraha]] (8) -- '''farhūn suwaliyame''' (9) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10)→


=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黑|黑]][[Wt/mnc/朧|朧]][[Wt/mnc/朧|朧]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (hashū)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠰᡠᠸᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠮᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;黑朧朧&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|f]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|f]]</text>
      <sha1>43dph0x4cpn8tlj644u1qludxc88dw2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/gereke</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017531</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305254</id>
      <parentid>7288061</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:28:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* aššasun */</comment>
      <origin>7305254</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5868" sha1="7fo6tmaa7bpyvymom7xyf72maf6pb37" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:Dawn in Puerto Encantado.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] gereke]] 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}} (gereke)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gereke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gereke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gereke'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡧᡧᠠᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᡥᠣ|ᠣᡥᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ]]'''  [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;ᡶᠠᡴᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝ᠊]] + [[Wt/mnc/᠊ᡴᡝ|᠊ᡴᡝ]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天亮|天亮]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''gereke'''
:abkai durun: '''gereke'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''gereke'''

=== aššasun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/oho|oho]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''gereke''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::sky clear become-PERF.ADN ACC '''dawn-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天 清澈的 变为-PERF.ADN ACC '''天亮-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

==== faksalabun ====
[[Wt/mnc/gerembi|gere-]] + [[Wt/mnc/-ke|-ke]]

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9) -- '''gereke''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (11)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9) -- '''gereke''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (11)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''11'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10) -- '''gereke''' (11) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (12)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9) -- '''gereke''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (11)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''11'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10) -- '''gereke''' (11) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (12)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''11'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10) -- '''gereke''' (11) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (12)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天亮|天亮]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (hashū)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天亮|天亮]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i aššasun|g]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe|g]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
      <sha1>7fo6tmaa7bpyvymom7xyf72maf6pb37</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305268</id>
      <parentid>7305254</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:41:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305268</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5868" sha1="r1a56328e0emqhnmb2c16si9tv5aohj" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:Dawn in Puerto Encantado.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] gereke]] 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}} (gereke)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gereke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gereke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gereke'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡧᡧᠠᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᡥᠣ|ᠣᡥᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ]]'''  [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;ᡶᠠᡴᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝ᠊]] + [[Wt/mnc/᠊ᡴᡝ|᠊ᡴᡝ]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天亮|天亮]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ'''}} 
:Möllendorff durun: '''gereke'''
:abkai durun: '''gereke'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''gereke'''

=== aššasun === 
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/abka|abka]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/oho|oho]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''gereke''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::sky clear become-PERF.ADN ACC '''dawn-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天 清澈的 变为-PERF.ADN ACC '''天亮-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

==== faksalabun ====
[[Wt/mnc/gerembi|gere-]] + [[Wt/mnc/-ke|-ke]]

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9) -- '''gereke''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (11)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9) -- '''gereke''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (11)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''11'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10) -- '''gereke''' (11) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (12)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''10'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (9) -- '''gereke''' (10) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (11)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''11'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10) -- '''gereke''' (11) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (12)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''11'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gersi fersi|gersi fersi]] (10) -- '''gereke''' (11) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (12)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天亮|天亮]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (hashū)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;天亮&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i aššasun|g]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe|g]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/gehun gereke</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017535</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305255</id>
      <parentid>7288062</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:28:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* gūnin */</comment>
      <origin>7305255</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6103" sha1="35z473c87boiv0c9cojkkk20mmq9wnb" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:Atmosphere Sky Clouds.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/gehun|gehun]] [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}} (gehun gereke)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gehun gereke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gehun gereke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gehun gereke'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡡᠨᡳᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ|ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ|ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;ᡶᠠᡴᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝ᠊]] + [[Wt/mnc/᠊ᡴᡝ|᠊ᡴᡝ]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]][[Wt/mnc/大|大]][[Wt/mnc/亮|亮]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''gehun gereke'''
:abkai durun: '''gehun gereke'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''gehun gereke'''

=== gūnin ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/gehun|gehun]] [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::very dawn-PERF.ADN ACC '''bright dawn-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::非常 天亮-PERF.ADN ACC '''明亮的 天亮-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

==== faksalabun ====
[[Wt/mnc/gehun gerembi|gehun gere-]] + [[Wt/mnc/-ke|-ke]]

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''11'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10) -- '''gehun gereke''' (11) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (12)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''11'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10) -- '''gehun gereke''' (11) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (12)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''12'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11) -- '''gehun gereke''' (12) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (13)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''11'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10) -- '''gehun gereke''' (11) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (12)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''12'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11) -- '''gehun gereke''' (12) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (13)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''12'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11) -- '''gehun gereke''' (12) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (13)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]][[Wt/mnc/大|大]][[Wt/mnc/亮|亮]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (hashū)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]][[Wt/mnc/大|大]][[Wt/mnc/亮|亮]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i acalaha gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
      <sha1>35z473c87boiv0c9cojkkk20mmq9wnb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305270</id>
      <parentid>7305255</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:41:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305270</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6076" sha1="s73jhu23brngt88q78evkbokujgpljd" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:Atmosphere Sky Clouds.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/gehun|gehun]] [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}} (gehun gereke)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gehun gereke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gehun gereke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gehun gereke'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡡᠨᡳᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ|ᡠᠮᡝᠰᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ|ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ|ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;ᡶᠠᡴᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝ᠊]] + [[Wt/mnc/᠊ᡴᡝ|᠊ᡴᡝ]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]][[Wt/mnc/大|大]][[Wt/mnc/亮|亮]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''gehun gereke'''
:abkai durun: '''gehun gereke'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''gehun gereke'''

=== gūnin ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/umesi|umesi]] [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/gehun|gehun]] [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::very dawn-PERF.ADN ACC '''bright dawn-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::非常 天亮-PERF.ADN ACC '''明亮的 天亮-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

==== faksalabun ====
[[Wt/mnc/gehun gerembi|gehun gere-]] + [[Wt/mnc/-ke|-ke]]

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''11'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10) -- '''gehun gereke''' (11) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (12)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''11'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10) -- '''gehun gereke''' (11) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (12)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''12'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11) -- '''gehun gereke''' (12) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (13)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''11'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (10) -- '''gehun gereke''' (11) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (12)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''12'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11) -- '''gehun gereke''' (12) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (13)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''12'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gereke|gereke]] (11) -- '''gehun gereke''' (12) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (13)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]][[Wt/mnc/大|大]][[Wt/mnc/亮|亮]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (hashū)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡥᡠᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᡤᡝᡵᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;天大亮&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i acalaha gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
      <sha1>s73jhu23brngt88q78evkbokujgpljd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017536</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305256</id>
      <parentid>7288063</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:28:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* gūnin */</comment>
      <origin>7305256</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6356" sha1="nxw0wornhpt7v5rk60g3anyhtho47ez" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:黄昏時 Dusk (8292527653).jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/gerhen|gerhen]] [[Wt/mnc/mukiyeme|mukiyeme]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ}} (gerhen mukiyeme)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gerhen mukiyeme'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gerhen mukiyeme'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gerhen mukiyeme'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡡᠨᡳᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡧᡠᠨ|ᡧᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠣᠰᡳᡶᡳ|ᡩᠣᠰᡳᡶᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠮᡝ|ᠣᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ|ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ|ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黄昏|黄昏]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''gerhen mukiyeme'''
:abkai durun: '''gerhen mukiyeme'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''gerhen mukiyeme'''

=== gūnin ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] [[Wt/mnc/dosifi|dosifi]] [[Wt/mnc/farhūn|farhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/ome|ome]] [[Wt/mnc/hamika|hamika]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/gerhen|gerhen]] [[Wt/mnc/mukiyeme|mukiyeme]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::sun enter-PERF.CONV dark become-IMPF.CONV be.close.to-PERF.ADN ACC '''twilight be.extinguished-IMPF.CONV''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::太阳 入-PERF.CONV 昏暗的 变为-IMPF.CONV 将近-PERF.ADN ACC '''光亮 熄灭-IMPF.CONV''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''12'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (11) -- '''gerhen mukiyeme''' (12) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (13)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''12'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (11) -- '''gerhen mukiyeme''' (12) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (13)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''13'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (12) -- '''gerhen mukiyeme''' (13) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (14)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''12'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (11) -- '''gerhen mukiyeme''' (12) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (13)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''13'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (12) -- '''gerhen mukiyeme''' (13) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (14)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''13'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (12) -- '''gerhen mukiyeme''' (13) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (14)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黄昏|黄昏]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (hashū)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黄昏|黄昏]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i acalaha gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
      <sha1>nxw0wornhpt7v5rk60g3anyhtho47ez</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305267</id>
      <parentid>7305256</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:41:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305267</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6356" sha1="mamliqqs27vxiwcvr1uo4anak72fyk9" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:黄昏時 Dusk (8292527653).jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/gerhen|gerhen]] [[Wt/mnc/mukiyeme|mukiyeme]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ}} (gerhen mukiyeme)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gerhen mukiyeme'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gerhen mukiyeme'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''gerhen mukiyeme'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡡᠨᡳᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡧᡠᠨ|ᡧᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠣᠰᡳᡶᡳ|ᡩᠣᠰᡳᡶᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᠮᡝ|ᠣᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ|ᡥᠠᠮᡳᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ|ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黄昏|黄昏]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡥᠠᠰᡥᡡ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''gerhen mukiyeme'''
:abkai durun: '''gerhen mukiyeme'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''gerhen mukiyeme'''

=== gūnin ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] [[Wt/mnc/dosifi|dosifi]] [[Wt/mnc/farhūn|farhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/ome|ome]] [[Wt/mnc/hamika|hamika]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/gerhen|gerhen]] [[Wt/mnc/mukiyeme|mukiyeme]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::sun enter-PERF.CONV dark become-IMPF.CONV be.close.to-PERF.ADN ACC '''twilight be.extinguished-IMPF.CONV''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::太阳 入-PERF.CONV 昏暗的 变为-IMPF.CONV 将近-PERF.ADN ACC '''光亮 熄灭-IMPF.CONV''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''12'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (11) -- '''gerhen mukiyeme''' (12) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (13)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''12'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (11) -- '''gerhen mukiyeme''' (12) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (13)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''13'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (12) -- '''gerhen mukiyeme''' (13) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (14)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''12'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (11) -- '''gerhen mukiyeme''' (12) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (13)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''13'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (12) -- '''gerhen mukiyeme''' (13) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (14)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''13'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gereke|gehun gereke]] (12) -- '''gerhen mukiyeme''' (13) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (14)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/黄昏|黄昏]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (hashū)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡤᡝᡵᡥᡝᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠮᡠᡴᡳᠶᡝᠮᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;黄昏&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (左).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i acalaha gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|g]]</text>
      <sha1>mamliqqs27vxiwcvr1uo4anak72fyk9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/yamjiha</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017537</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305258</id>
      <parentid>7288064</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:28:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* aššasun */</comment>
      <origin>7305258</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5836" sha1="ocgml98dkznfedrihkp501x9eur8ps0" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:It's getting dark (27666560245).jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ}} 
yamjiha]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ}} (yamjiha)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''yamjiha'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''yamjiha'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''yamzhiha'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡧᡧᠠᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡧᡠᠨ|ᡧᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠣᠰᡳᡴᠠ|ᡩᠣᠰᡳᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈  '''ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ'''  [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;ᡶᠠᡴᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᠮᠪᡳ|ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳ᠊]] + [[Wt/mnc/᠊ᡥᠠ|᠊ᡥᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]][[Wt/mnc/晚|晚]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''yamjiha'''
:abkai durun: '''yamjiha'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''yamjiha'''

=== aššasun ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/šun dosika|šun dosika]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''yamjiha''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::sun enter-PERF.ADN ACC '''become.evening-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::太阳 入-PERF.ADN ACC '''天晚-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

==== faksalabun ====
[[Wt/mnc/yamjimbi|yamji-]] + [[Wt/mnc/-ha|-ha]]

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''13'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (12) -- '''yamjiha''' (13) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''13'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (12) -- '''yamjiha''' (13) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''14'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (13) -- '''yamjiha''' (14) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''13'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (12) -- '''yamjiha''' (13) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''14'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (13) -- '''yamjiha''' (14) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''14'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (13) -- '''yamjiha''' (14) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]][[Wt/mnc/晚|晚]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]][[Wt/mnc/晚|晚]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i aššasun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|y]]</text>
      <sha1>ocgml98dkznfedrihkp501x9eur8ps0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305269</id>
      <parentid>7305258</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:41:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305269</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5824" sha1="812rfq5i9sdeeoy0779v4q5jk9m9iv7" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:It's getting dark (27666560245).jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ}} 
yamjiha]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ}} (yamjiha)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''yamjiha'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''yamjiha'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''yamzhiha'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡧᡧᠠᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡧᡠᠨ|ᡧᡠᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᠣᠰᡳᡴᠠ|ᡩᠣᠰᡳᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈  '''ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ'''  [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;ᡶᠠᡴᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᠮᠪᡳ|ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳ᠊]] + [[Wt/mnc/᠊ᡥᠠ|᠊ᡥᠠ]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]][[Wt/mnc/晚|晚]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''yamjiha'''
:abkai durun: '''yamjiha'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''yamjiha'''

=== aššasun ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/šun dosika|šun dosika]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''yamjiha''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::sun enter-PERF.ADN ACC '''become.evening-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::太阳 入-PERF.ADN ACC '''天晚-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

==== faksalabun ====
[[Wt/mnc/yamjimbi|yamji-]] + [[Wt/mnc/-ha|-ha]]

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''13'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (12) -- '''yamjiha''' (13) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''13'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (12) -- '''yamjiha''' (13) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''14'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (13) -- '''yamjiha''' (14) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''13'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (12) -- '''yamjiha''' (13) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''14'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (13) -- '''yamjiha''' (14) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''14'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gerhen mukiyeme|gerhen mukiyeme]] (13) -- '''yamjiha''' (14) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天|天]][[Wt/mnc/晚|晚]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠶᠠᠮᠵᡳᡥᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;天晚&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i aššasun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|y]]</text>
      <sha1>812rfq5i9sdeeoy0779v4q5jk9m9iv7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/farhūn oho</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017538</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305257</id>
      <parentid>7288065</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:28:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* gūnin */</comment>
      <origin>7305257</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5778" sha1="p2fckt2vbd57tb8k6bh13b7yiybmcca" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:It's getting dark (27666560245).jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/farhūn|farhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/oho|oho]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ}} (farhūn oho)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhūn oho'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhvn oho'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhuun oho'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡡᠨᡳᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᡴᡡ|ᠠᡴᡡ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᡥᠣ|ᠣᡥᠣ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/昏暮|昏暮]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''farhūn oho'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/farhvn oho|farhvn oho]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/farhuun oho|farhuun oho]]'''

=== gūnin ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] [[Wt/mnc/akū|akū]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/farhūn|farhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/oho|oho]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::clear light there.is.no ACC '''dark become-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::清澈的 光 没有 ACC '''昏暗的 变为-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''14'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (13) -- '''farhūn oho''' (14) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''14'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (13) -- '''farhūn oho''' (14) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (14) -- '''farhūn oho''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''14'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (13) -- '''farhūn oho''' (14) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (14) -- '''farhūn oho''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (14) -- '''farhūn oho''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠣᡥᠣ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/昏暮|昏暮]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠣᡥᠣ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/昏暮|昏暮]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i acalaha gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|f]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305271</id>
      <parentid>7305257</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:41:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305271</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5778" sha1="obv5o2or27df97y3dmwz74ucnnxeb3r" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:It's getting dark (27666560245).jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ}} 
[[Wt/mnc/farhūn|farhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/oho|oho]]]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ}} (farhūn oho)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhūn oho'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhvn oho'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''farhuun oho'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡡᠨᡳᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᡴᡡ|ᠠᡴᡡ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᡥᠣ|ᠣᡥᠣ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/昏暮|昏暮]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ ᠣᡥᠣ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''farhūn oho'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/farhvn oho|farhvn oho]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/farhuun oho|farhuun oho]]'''

=== gūnin ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] [[Wt/mnc/akū|akū]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/farhūn|farhūn]] [[Wt/mnc/oho|oho]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::clear light there.is.no ACC '''dark become-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::清澈的 光 没有 ACC '''昏暗的 变为-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''14'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (13) -- '''farhūn oho''' (14) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''14'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (13) -- '''farhūn oho''' (14) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (14) -- '''farhūn oho''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''14'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (13) -- '''farhūn oho''' (14) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (14) -- '''farhūn oho''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/yamjiha|yamjiha]] (14) -- '''farhūn oho''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠣᡥᠣ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/昏暮|昏暮]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡶᠠᡵᡥᡡᠨ &lt;br&gt;ᠣᡥᠣ}}&quot;, &quot;昏暮&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i acalaha gisun|g]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|f]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|f]]</text>
      <sha1>obv5o2or27df97y3dmwz74ucnnxeb3r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/sunggari bira</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017540</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305259</id>
      <parentid>7288066</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:28:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* cohotoi gebsun */</comment>
      <origin>7305259</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6904" sha1="ghfjoqyhv30kp3oo9j9li3hy024rgi7" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:Laser Towards Milky Ways Centre.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}} 
sunggari bira]]
[[File:Echinopsis Atacamensis and the Milky Way.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}} 
sunggari bira]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}} (sunggari bira)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]
 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''sunggari bira'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''sunggari bira'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''sunggari bira'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠴᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣᡳ ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ᠪᡳᡵᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ᠪᡳᡵᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天河|天河]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''sunggari bira'''
:abkai durun: '''sunggari bira'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''sunggari bira'''

=== cohotoi gebsun ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/abkai bira|abkai bira]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/sunggari|sunggari]] [[Wt/mnc/bira|bira]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::sky-GEN river ACC '''the.Milky.Way''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天-GEN 河 ACC '''银河''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14) -- '''sunggari bira''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14) -- '''sunggari bira''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15) -- '''sunggari bira''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14) -- '''sunggari bira''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15) -- '''sunggari bira''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15) -- '''sunggari bira''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17)→

== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ}} (sibe gisun) ==

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ}} (sibe hergen) === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠰᡠᡢᡤᠠᠷᡞ ᠪᡞᠷᠠ'''}} 

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ}} (mudan) === 
*IPA: /suŋarj biraˑ/~/ˌʂuŋarj biraˑ/&lt;ref&gt;山本謙吾. 満洲語口語基礎語彙集. 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所. 1969:p.100 (žiben gisun, sibe gisun) 
山本谦吾. 满洲语口语基础语汇集. 东京外国语大学亚非语言文化研究所. 1969:第100页
yamamoto kengo. ''manju gisun angga gisun -i tengge gibsun -i isabun''. tokiyo tulergi gurun -i gisun yongkiyangga tacikū yasiya afurika gisun šu wen be sibkire ba. 1969:100 ci afaha&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠴᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣᡳ ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ}} (cohotoi gebsun) ===
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠰᡠᡢᡤᠠᠷᡞᠪᡞᠷᠠ'''}} (sunggari bira) 
:1. abkai bira. 

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天河|天河]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天河|天河]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i cohotoi gebsun|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|s]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305272</id>
      <parentid>7305259</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:41:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
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      <origin>7305272</origin>
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      <text bytes="6904" sha1="lnb2zl437hq5w8hnyj2bnl8wiemxf7u" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:Laser Towards Milky Ways Centre.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}} 
sunggari bira]]
[[File:Echinopsis Atacamensis and the Milky Way.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}} 
sunggari bira]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}} (sunggari bira)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]
 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''sunggari bira'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''sunggari bira'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''sunggari bira'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠴᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣᡳ ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ᠪᡳᡵᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ᠪᡳᡵᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天河|天河]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''sunggari bira'''
:abkai durun: '''sunggari bira'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''sunggari bira'''

=== cohotoi gebsun ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/abkai bira|abkai bira]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/sunggari|sunggari]] [[Wt/mnc/bira|bira]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::sky-GEN river ACC '''the.Milky.Way''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天-GEN 河 ACC '''银河''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14) -- '''sunggari bira''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14) -- '''sunggari bira''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15) -- '''sunggari bira''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14) -- '''sunggari bira''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15) -- '''sunggari bira''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15) -- '''sunggari bira''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17)→

== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ}} (sibe gisun) ==

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ}} (sibe hergen) === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠰᡠᡢᡤᠠᠷᡞ ᠪᡞᠷᠠ'''}} 

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ}} (mudan) === 
*IPA: /suŋarj biraˑ/~/ˌʂuŋarj biraˑ/&lt;ref&gt;山本謙吾. 満洲語口語基礎語彙集. 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所. 1969:p.100 (žiben gisun, sibe gisun) 
山本谦吾. 满洲语口语基础语汇集. 东京外国语大学亚非语言文化研究所. 1969:第100页
yamamoto kengo. ''manju gisun angga gisun -i tengge gibsun -i isabun''. tokiyo tulergi gurun -i gisun yongkiyangga tacikū yasiya afurika gisun šu wen be sibkire ba. 1969:100 ci afaha&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠴᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣᡳ ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ}} (cohotoi gebsun) ===
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠰᡠᡢᡤᠠᠷᡞᠪᡞᠷᠠ'''}} (sunggari bira) 
:1. abkai bira. 

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天河|天河]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;天河&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i cohotoi gebsun|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|s]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305290</id>
      <parentid>7305272</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:05:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305290</origin>
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      <text bytes="8264" sha1="bbtk4ztpy4iv3juof1fya6l4m71k6y4" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:Laser Towards Milky Ways Centre.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}} 
sunggari bira]]
[[File:Echinopsis Atacamensis and the Milky Way.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}} 
sunggari bira]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}} (sunggari bira)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]
 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''sunggari bira'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''sunggari bira'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''sunggari bira'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠴᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣᡳ ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ᠪᡳᡵᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ᠪᡳᡵᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天河|天河]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''sunggari bira'''
:abkai durun: '''sunggari bira'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''sunggari bira'''

=== cohotoi gebsun ===
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/bira|bira]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/sunggari|sunggari]] [[Wt/mnc/bira|bira]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. [[Wt/mnc/ši ging|ši ging]] [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] da ya [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] yūn han' [[Wt/mnc/fiyelen|fiyelen]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], [[Wt/mnc/tere|tere]] [[Wt/mnc/desereke|desereke]] '''[[Wt/mnc/sunggari|sunggari]] [[Wt/mnc/bira|bira]]''', [[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/gubci|gubci]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/eldekebi|eldekebi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/abkai bira|abkai bira]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/sunggari|sunggari]] [[Wt/mnc/bira|bira]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::sky-GEN river ACC '''the.Milky.Way''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天-GEN 河 ACC '''银河''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14) -- '''sunggari bira''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14) -- '''sunggari bira''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15) -- '''sunggari bira''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14) -- '''sunggari bira''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15) -- '''sunggari bira''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15) -- '''sunggari bira''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17)→

== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ}} (sibe gisun) ==

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ}} (sibe hergen) === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠰᡠᡢᡤᠠᠷᡞ ᠪᡞᠷᠠ'''}} 

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ}} (mudan) === 
*IPA: /suŋarj biraˑ/~/ˌʂuŋarj biraˑ/&lt;ref&gt;山本謙吾. 満洲語口語基礎語彙集. 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所. 1969:p.100 (žiben gisun, sibe gisun) 
山本谦吾. 满洲语口语基础语汇集. 东京外国语大学亚非语言文化研究所. 1969:第100页
yamamoto kengo. ''manju gisun angga gisun -i tengge gibsun -i isabun''. tokiyo tulergi gurun -i gisun yongkiyangga tacikū yasiya afurika gisun šu wen be sibkire ba. 1969:100 ci afaha&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠴᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣᡳ ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ}} (cohotoi gebsun) ===
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠰᡠᡢᡤᠠᠷᡞᠪᡞᠷᠠ'''}} (sunggari bira) 
:1. abkai bira. 

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡳᡵᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 2 (ici).
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 2 (右).
:[http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2026-08-25].

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天河|天河]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;天河&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i cohotoi gebsun|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|s]]</text>
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      <text bytes="8242" sha1="aoidufnmuhjneonmns6h1lnbc2f6a4f" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:Laser Towards Milky Ways Centre.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}} 
sunggari bira]]
[[File:Echinopsis Atacamensis and the Milky Way.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}} 
sunggari bira]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}} (sunggari bira)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]
 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''sunggari bira'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''sunggari bira'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''sunggari bira'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠴᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣᡳ ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ᠪᡳᡵᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ᠪᡳᡵᠠ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天河|天河]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''sunggari bira'''
:abkai durun: '''sunggari bira'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''sunggari bira'''

=== cohotoi gebsun ===
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#::[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/bira|bira]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/sunggari|sunggari]] [[Wt/mnc/bira|bira]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. [[Wt/mnc/ši ging|ši ging]] [[Wt/mnc/ni|ni]] da ya [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] yūn han' [[Wt/mnc/fiyelen|fiyelen]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]], [[Wt/mnc/tere|tere]] [[Wt/mnc/desereke|desereke]] '''[[Wt/mnc/sunggari|sunggari]] [[Wt/mnc/bira|bira]]''', [[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/gubci|gubci]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/eldekebi|eldekebi]] [[Wt/mnc/sehebi|sehebi]].
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/abkai bira|abkai bira]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/sunggari|sunggari]] [[Wt/mnc/bira|bira]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::sky-GEN river ACC '''the.Milky.Way''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::天-GEN 河 ACC '''银河''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14) -- '''sunggari bira''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14) -- '''sunggari bira''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15) -- '''sunggari bira''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''15'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (14) -- '''sunggari bira''' (15) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15) -- '''sunggari bira''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/farhūn oho|farhūn oho]] (15) -- '''sunggari bira''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17)→

== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ}} (sibe gisun) ==

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ}} (sibe hergen) === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠰᡠᡢᡤᠠᠷᡞ ᠪᡞᠷᠠ'''}} 

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ}} (mudan) === 
*IPA: /suŋarj biraˑ/~/ˌʂuŋarj biraˑ/&lt;ref&gt;山本謙吾. 満洲語口語基礎語彙集. 東京外国語大学アジア・アフリカ言語文化研究所. 1969:p.100 (žiben gisun, sibe gisun) 
山本谦吾. 满洲语口语基础语汇集. 东京外国语大学亚非语言文化研究所. 1969:第100页
yamamoto kengo. ''manju gisun angga gisun -i tengge gibsun -i isabun''. tokiyo tulergi gurun -i gisun yongkiyangga tacikū yasiya afurika gisun šu wen be sibkire ba. 1969:100 ci afaha&lt;/ref&gt; 

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠴᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣᡳ ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ}} (cohotoi gebsun) ===
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠰᡠᡢᡤᠠᠷᡞᠪᡞᠷᠠ'''}} (sunggari bira) 
:1. abkai bira. 

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡳᡵᠠ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 2 (ici).
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 2 (右).
:[http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2026-08-25].

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天河|天河]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡠᠩᡤᠠᡵᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡳᡵᠠ}}&quot;, &quot;天河&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i cohotoi gebsun|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|s]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|s]]</text>
      <sha1>aoidufnmuhjneonmns6h1lnbc2f6a4f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/abkai buten</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017590</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305260</id>
      <parentid>7288067</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:28:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* gebsun */</comment>
      <origin>7305260</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5859" sha1="oec1ul6isy3u72gm2knj188gzuk45jn" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:202408 The sea horizon was only two seabirds fishing at the distance in the morning.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}} 
abkai buten]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}} (abkai buten)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abkai buten'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abkai buten'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abkai buten'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠰᠠ|ᠶᠠᠰᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ|  ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠸᠠᠮᡝ|ᡨᡠᠸᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡳᠰᡳᠨᠠᡵᠠᡴᡡ|ᡳᠰᡳᠨᠠᡵᠠᡴᡡ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠪᡝ|ᠪᠠᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ|ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天涯|天涯]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''abkai buten'''
:abkai durun: '''abkai buten'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''abkai buten'''

=== gebsun ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/yasa|yasa]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/tuwame|tuwame]] [[Wt/mnc/isinarakū|isinarakū]] [[Wt/mnc/babe|babe]], '''[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/buten|buten]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::eye GEN look-IMPF.CONV reach-AND-IMPF.NEG place-ACC '''sky-GEN horizon''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::眼 GEN 看-IMPF.CONV 及-AND-IMPF.NEG 地方-ACC '''天-GEN 涯''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15) -- '''abkai buten''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15) -- '''abkai buten''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16) -- '''abkai buten''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15) -- '''abkai buten''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16) -- '''abkai buten''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16) -- '''abkai buten''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天涯|天涯]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天涯|天涯]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|y]]</text>
      <sha1>oec1ul6isy3u72gm2knj188gzuk45jn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305273</id>
      <parentid>7305260</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:41:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305273</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5859" sha1="taexdmyojddpxjs6p0a853ehgv8xg15" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:202408 The sea horizon was only two seabirds fishing at the distance in the morning.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}} 
abkai buten]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}} (abkai buten)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abkai buten'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abkai buten'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abkai buten'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠰᠠ|ᠶᠠᠰᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ|  ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠸᠠᠮᡝ|ᡨᡠᠸᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡳᠰᡳᠨᠠᡵᠠᡴᡡ|ᡳᠰᡳᠨᠠᡵᠠᡴᡡ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠪᡝ|ᠪᠠᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ|ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天涯|天涯]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''abkai buten'''
:abkai durun: '''abkai buten'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''abkai buten'''

=== gebsun ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/yasa|yasa]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/tuwame|tuwame]] [[Wt/mnc/isinarakū|isinarakū]] [[Wt/mnc/babe|babe]], '''[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/buten|buten]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::eye GEN look-IMPF.CONV reach-AND-IMPF.NEG place-ACC '''sky-GEN horizon''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::眼 GEN 看-IMPF.CONV 及-AND-IMPF.NEG 地方-ACC '''天-GEN 涯''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15) -- '''abkai buten''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15) -- '''abkai buten''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16) -- '''abkai buten''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15) -- '''abkai buten''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16) -- '''abkai buten''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16) -- '''abkai buten''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天涯|天涯]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;天涯&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|y]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305291</id>
      <parentid>7305273</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:05:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305291</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6848" sha1="rrs9s6oppkfcku70ui1i6384d1t779m" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}} (abkai buten)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abkai buten'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abkai buten'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abkai buten'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠰᠠ|ᠶᠠᠰᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ|  ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠸᠠᠮᡝ|ᡨᡠᠸᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡳᠰᡳᠨᠠᡵᠠᡴᡡ|ᡳᠰᡳᠨᠠᡵᠠᡴᡡ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠪᡝ|ᠪᠠᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ|ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天涯|天涯]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''abkai buten'''
:abkai durun: '''abkai buten'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''abkai buten'''

=== gebsun ===
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/yasa|yasa]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/tuwame|tuwame]] [[Wt/mnc/isinarakū|isinarakū]] [[Wt/mnc/babe|babe]], '''[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/buten|buten]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::eye GEN look-IMPF.CONV reach-AND-IMPF.NEG place-ACC '''sky-GEN horizon''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::眼 GEN 看-IMPF.CONV 及-AND-IMPF.NEG 地方-ACC '''天-GEN 涯''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15) -- '''abkai buten''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15) -- '''abkai buten''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16) -- '''abkai buten''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15) -- '''abkai buten''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16) -- '''abkai buten''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16) -- '''abkai buten''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 2 (ici), 2 (hashū).
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一: 天部·天文類1-1[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 2 (右), 2 (左).
:[http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2026-09-03].

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天涯|天涯]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;天涯&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (右).
:&lt;ref&gt;&quot;abkai buten&quot;, [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/project1/kdic/list?groupId=18 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman - 清文鑑 - 増訂清文鑑] (ubai suhe gisun -i dorgide &quot;,&quot; &quot;.&quot; akū.) [2026.09.03]&lt;/ref&gt;
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|y]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305298</id>
      <parentid>7305291</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:08:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305298</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6826" sha1="4t1uz7oyqlkbxyxte23dgws0mlsxz5j" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}} (abkai buten)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abkai buten'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abkai buten'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''abkai buten'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠰᠠ|ᠶᠠᠰᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ|  ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠸᠠᠮᡝ|ᡨᡠᠸᠠᠮᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡳᠰᡳᠨᠠᡵᠠᡴᡡ|ᡳᠰᡳᠨᠠᡵᠠᡴᡡ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᠠᠪᡝ|ᠪᠠᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ|ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天涯|天涯]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''abkai buten'''
:abkai durun: '''abkai buten'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''abkai buten'''

=== gebsun ===
#
#:''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/yasa|yasa]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/tuwame|tuwame]] [[Wt/mnc/isinarakū|isinarakū]] [[Wt/mnc/babe|babe]], '''[[Wt/mnc/abkai|abkai]] [[Wt/mnc/buten|buten]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::eye GEN look-IMPF.CONV reach-AND-IMPF.NEG place-ACC '''sky-GEN horizon''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::眼 GEN 看-IMPF.CONV 及-AND-IMPF.NEG 地方-ACC '''天-GEN 涯''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15) -- '''abkai buten''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15) -- '''abkai buten''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16) -- '''abkai buten''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''16'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (15) -- '''abkai buten''' (16) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16) -- '''abkai buten''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/sunggari bira|sunggari bira]] (16) -- '''abkai buten''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i šengdzu gosin hūwangdi hesei banjibuha. &quot;'''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ]]}}'''&quot;, ''han -i araha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M/OL], horonggo yangsangga deyen de folobufi šuwaselaha bithe, beging: 1708: 2 (ici), 2 (hashū).
:清聖祖玄燁敕撰. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}}&quot;, 御製清文鑑.巻一[M/OL]. 北京: 武英殿刻本: 1708: 2 (右), 2 (左).
:[http://read.nlc.cn/OutOpenBook/OpenObjectBook?aid=033&amp;bid=1103.0 中国国家图书馆·中国国家数字图书馆-中华古籍资源库-民族文字古籍特藏库-御制清文鉴 二十卷总纲四卷后序一卷] [2026-09-03].

*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/天涯|天涯]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ &lt;br&gt;ᠪᡠᡨᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;天涯&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (右).
:&lt;ref&gt;&quot;abkai buten&quot;, [http://hkuri.cneas.tohoku.ac.jp/project1/kdic/list?groupId=18 モンゴル諸語と満洲文語の資料検索システム - 辞書検索システム - 満洲語辞典 - Roman - 清文鑑 - 増訂清文鑑] (ubai suhe gisun -i dorgide &quot;,&quot; &quot;.&quot; akū.) [2026.09.03]&lt;/ref&gt;
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|y]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|y]]</text>
      <sha1>4t1uz7oyqlkbxyxte23dgws0mlsxz5j</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/šun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017591</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305261</id>
      <parentid>7288068</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:28:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* cohotoi gebsun */</comment>
      <origin>7305261</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6493" sha1="21rp2zr26jjsk48tyux439mmvqwxowz" xml:space="preserve">----
[[Wt/mnc/šūn|šūn]] / [[Wt/mnc/šūn han|šūn han]] ([[Wt/mnc/nikan gisun|nikan gisun]]: [[Wt/mnc/舜|舜]]) sere justan be ubade hūlaki.
----
== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:The Sun by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly of NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory - 20100819.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡧᡠᠨ}} 
šun]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡧᡠᠨ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡧᡠᠨ}} (šun)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡧᡠᠨ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡧᡠᠨ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡧᡠᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''šun'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''xun'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''shun'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠴᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣᡳ ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡧᡠᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠪᠠ|ᠠᠮᠪᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠ|ᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ|  ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᡝᡵᡤᡠᠸᡝᠴᡠᠨ|ᡶᡝᡵᡤᡠᠸᡝᠴᡠᠨ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᠪᠴᡳ|ᡤᡠᠪᠴᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᠠ|ᠨᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''ᡧᡠᠨ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡧᡠᠨ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/日|日]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡧᡠᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''šun'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/xun|xun]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/shun|shun]]'''

=== cohotoi gebsun ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/amba|amba]] [[Wt/mnc/a|a]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/ferguwecun|ferguwecun]], [[Wt/mnc/gubci|gubci]] [[Wt/mnc/abka na|abka na]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/eldekengge|eldekengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''šun''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::big Yang GEN auspicious.sign entire sky earth DAT shine-PERF.ADN-FN ACC '''sun''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::大 阳 GEN 祥瑞 全部的 天 地 DAT 照耀-PERF.ADN-FN ACC '''太阳''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16) -- '''šun''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (18)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16) -- '''šun''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (18)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''18'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17) -- '''šun''' (18) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (19)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16) -- '''šun''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (18)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''18'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17) -- '''šun''' (18) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (19)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''18'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17) -- '''šun''' (18) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (19)→

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ}} (sibe hergen) === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡧᡠᠨ}} 

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ}} (mudan) === 
*IPA: /sun/

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠴᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣᡳ ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ}} (cohotoi gebsun) ===
:1. usiha -i gebu.  

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡧᡠᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/日|日]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡧᡠᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/日|日]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i cohotoi gebsun|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|š]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|š]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i cohotoi gebsun|š]]</text>
      <sha1>21rp2zr26jjsk48tyux439mmvqwxowz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305274</id>
      <parentid>7305261</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:41:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305274</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6496" sha1="c9hkmdjceklj51gmpl30b2mrwyfc4cd" xml:space="preserve">----
[[Wt/mnc/šūn|šūn]] / [[Wt/mnc/šūn han|šūn han]] ([[Wt/mnc/nikan gisun|nikan gisun]]: [[Wt/mnc/舜|舜]]) sere justan be ubade hūlaki.
----
== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:The Sun by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly of NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory - 20100819.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡧᡠᠨ}} 
šun]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡧᡠᠨ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡧᡠᠨ}} (šun)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡧᡠᠨ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡧᡠᠨ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡧᡠᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''šun'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''xun'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''shun'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠴᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣᡳ ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡧᡠᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠮᠪᠠ|ᠠᠮᠪᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠ|ᠠ]][[Wt/mnc/ᡳ|  ᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᡝᡵᡤᡠᠸᡝᠴᡠᠨ|ᡶᡝᡵᡤᡠᠸᡝᠴᡠᠨ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡠᠪᠴᡳ|ᡤᡠᠪᠴᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠠᠪᡴᠠ|ᠠᠪᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠨᠠ|ᠨᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝᠩᡤᡝ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝᠩᡤᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''ᡧᡠᠨ''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡧᡠᠨ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/日|日]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡧᡠᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''šun'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/xun|xun]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/shun|shun]]'''

=== cohotoi gebsun ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/amba|amba]] [[Wt/mnc/a|a]] [[Wt/mnc/-i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/ferguwecun|ferguwecun]], [[Wt/mnc/gubci|gubci]] [[Wt/mnc/abka na|abka na]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/eldekengge|eldekengge]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''šun''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#::big Yang GEN auspicious.sign entire sky earth DAT shine-PERF.ADN-FN ACC '''sun''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::大 阳 GEN 祥瑞 全部的 天 地 DAT 照耀-PERF.ADN-FN ACC '''太阳''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16) -- '''šun''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (18)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16) -- '''šun''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (18)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''18'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17) -- '''šun''' (18) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (19)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''17'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (16) -- '''šun''' (17) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (18)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''18'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17) -- '''šun''' (18) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (19)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''18'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/abkai buten|abkai buten]] (17) -- '''šun''' (18) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (19)→

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠰᡳᠪᡝ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ}} (sibe hergen) === 
{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡧᡠᠨ}} 

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ}} (mudan) === 
*IPA: /sun/

=== {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠴᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣᡳ ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ}} (cohotoi gebsun) ===
:1. usiha -i gebu.  

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡧᡠᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/日|日]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡧᡠᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;日&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i cohotoi gebsun|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|š]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|š]] 
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i gibsun|š]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/sibe gisun -i cohotoi gebsun|š]]</text>
      <sha1>c9hkmdjceklj51gmpl30b2mrwyfc4cd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/elden</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017592</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305263</id>
      <parentid>7288069</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:28:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* gebsun */</comment>
      <origin>7305263</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6673" sha1="bjgvpj9ei1ft6etzhusn80scxn9sj3f" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:Dülmen, Merfeld, Dülmener Wildpferde in der Wildbahn -- 2016 -- 4740.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ}} 
elden]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ}} (elden)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''elden'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''elden'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''elden'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡧᡠᠨ|ᡧᡠᠨ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᠶᠠ|ᠪᡳᠶᠠ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠰᡳᡥᠠ|ᡠᠰᡳᡥᠠ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠸᠠᡳ|ᡨᡠᠸᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠰᠠ|ᠶᠠᠰᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠣᠰᠣᡵᠣ|ᡶᠣᠰᠣᡵᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠶᠠ|ᠶᠠᠶᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠯᠮᠠᡵᠵᠠᡵᠠ|ᡤᡳᠯᠮᠠᡵᠵᠠᡵᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠮᡠ|ᡤᡝᠮᡠ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳ|ᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/光|光]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''elden'''
:abkai durun: '''elden'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''elden'''

=== gebsun ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]], [[Wt/mnc/biya|biya]], [[Wt/mnc/usiha|usiha]], [[Wt/mnc/tuwai|tuwai]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]], [[Wt/mnc/yasa|yasa]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/fosoro|fosoro]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''elden''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]], [[Wt/mnc/yaya|yaya]] [[Wt/mnc/gilmarjara|gilmarjara]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/gemu|gemu]] '''elden''' [[Wt/mnc/bi|bi]].
#::sun moon star fire-GEN clear eye DAT shine-IMPF.ADN ACC '''light''' say-IMPF.CONCL any glow-IMPF.ADN thing DAT all '''light''' there.is
#::太阳 月亮 星 火-GEN 清澈的 眼睛 DAT 照耀-IMPF.ADN ACC '''光''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL 凡是 闪烁-IMPF.ADN 物体 DAT 皆 '''光''' 有
#
#::[[Wt/mnc/ejen|ejen]] [[Wt/mnc/oho|oho]] [[Wt/mnc/niyalma|niyalma]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/enduringge|enduringge]] [[Wt/mnc/erdemu|erdemu]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''elden''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''18'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17) -- '''elden''' (18) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/eldeke|eldeke]] (19)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''18'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17) -- '''elden''' (18) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/eldeke|eldeke]] (19)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''19'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18) -- '''elden''' (19) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/eldeke|eldeke]] (20)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''18'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17) -- '''elden''' (18) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/eldeke|eldeke]] (19)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''19'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18) -- '''elden''' (19) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/eldeke|eldeke]] (20)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''19'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18) -- '''elden''' (19) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/eldeke|eldeke]] (20)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/光|光]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/光|光]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan emuci debtelin|e]]</text>
      <sha1>bjgvpj9ei1ft6etzhusn80scxn9sj3f</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305276</id>
      <parentid>7305263</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:41:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305276</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6676" sha1="3bv95tadre11yju24kn5puf79m4rvg7" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:Dülmen, Merfeld, Dülmener Wildpferde in der Wildbahn -- 2016 -- 4740.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ}} 
elden]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ}} (elden)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''elden'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''elden'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''elden'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᡤᡝᠪᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᡧᡠᠨ|ᡧᡠᠨ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳᠶᠠ|ᠪᡳᠶᠠ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠰᡳᡥᠠ|ᡠᠰᡳᡥᠠ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᡨᡠᠸᠠᡳ|ᡨᡠᠸᠠᡳ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠰᠠ|ᠶᠠᠰᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡶᠣᠰᠣᡵᠣ|ᡶᠣᠰᠣᡵᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠈ [[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠶᠠ|ᠶᠠᠶᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡳᠯᠮᠠᡵᠵᠠᡵᠠ|ᡤᡳᠯᠮᠠᡵᠵᠠᡵᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠵᠠᡴᠠ|ᠵᠠᡴᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠮᡠ|ᡤᡝᠮᡠ]] '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡳ|ᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/光|光]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''elden'''
:abkai durun: '''elden'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''elden'''

=== gebsun ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]], [[Wt/mnc/biya|biya]], [[Wt/mnc/usiha|usiha]], [[Wt/mnc/tuwai|tuwai]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]], [[Wt/mnc/yasa|yasa]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/fosoro|fosoro]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''elden''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]], [[Wt/mnc/yaya|yaya]] [[Wt/mnc/gilmarjara|gilmarjara]] [[Wt/mnc/jaka|jaka]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/gemu|gemu]] '''elden''' [[Wt/mnc/bi|bi]].
#::sun moon star fire-GEN clear eye DAT shine-IMPF.ADN ACC '''light''' say-IMPF.CONCL any glow-IMPF.ADN thing DAT all '''light''' there.is
#::太阳 月亮 星 火-GEN 清澈的 眼睛 DAT 照耀-IMPF.ADN ACC '''光''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL 凡是 闪烁-IMPF.ADN 物体 DAT 皆 '''光''' 有
#
#::[[Wt/mnc/ejen|ejen]] [[Wt/mnc/oho|oho]] [[Wt/mnc/niyalma|niyalma]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/enduringge|enduringge]] [[Wt/mnc/erdemu|erdemu]] [[Wt/mnc/i|-i]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''elden''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''18'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17) -- '''elden''' (18) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/eldeke|eldeke]] (19)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''18'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17) -- '''elden''' (18) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/eldeke|eldeke]] (19)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''19'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18) -- '''elden''' (19) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/eldeke|eldeke]] (20)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''18'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (17) -- '''elden''' (18) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/eldeke|eldeke]] (19)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''19'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18) -- '''elden''' (19) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/eldeke|eldeke]] (20)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''19'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/šun|šun]] (18) -- '''elden''' (19) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/eldeke|eldeke]] (20)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/光|光]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ}}&quot;, &quot;光&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan emuci debtelin|e]]</text>
      <sha1>3bv95tadre11yju24kn5puf79m4rvg7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/eldeke</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3017593</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305262</id>
      <parentid>7288070</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:28:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* aššasun */</comment>
      <origin>7305262</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5765" sha1="i3gs72gnmk3nihfi1t4eaxf3hecq04l" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:Dülmen, Merfeld, Dülmener Wildpferde in der Wildbahn -- 2016 -- 4740.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ}} 
elden]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ}} (eldeke)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''eldeke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''eldeke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''eldeke'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡧᡧᠠᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠶᠠ|ᠶᠠᠶᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᡥᠣ|ᠣᡥᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;ᡶᠠᡴᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᡠᡠᠯᡩᡝ᠊]] + [[Wt/mnc/᠊ᡴᡝ|᠊ᡴᡝ]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/光耀|光耀]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''eldeke'''
:abkai durun: '''eldeke'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''eldeke'''

=== aššasun ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/yaya|yaya]] [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/oho|oho]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''eldeke''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::any light DAT clear become-PERF.ADN ACC '''shine-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::凡是 光 DAT 清澈的 变为-PERF.ADN ACC '''照亮-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

==== faksalabun ====
[[Wt/mnc/uldembi|ulde-]] + [[Wt/mnc/-ke|-ke]]

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''19'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (18) -- '''eldeke''' (19) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gahūn|gehun gahūn]] (20)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''19'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (18) -- '''eldeke''' (19) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gahūn|gehun gahūn]] (20)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''20'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (19) -- '''eldeke''' (20) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gahūn|gehun gahūn]] (21)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''19'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (18) -- '''eldeke''' (19) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gahūn|gehun gahūn]] (20)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''20'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (19) -- '''eldeke''' (20) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gahūn|gehun gahūn]] (21)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''20'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (19) -- '''eldeke''' (20) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gahūn|gehun gahūn]] (21)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/光耀|光耀]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari de asarabuha bithe: 1772: 3 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/光耀|光耀]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣藏本: 1772: 3(右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i aššasun|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|e]]</text>
      <sha1>i3gs72gnmk3nihfi1t4eaxf3hecq04l</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305275</id>
      <parentid>7305262</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:41:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305275</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5765" sha1="jra7mqdirfwjv8mugjd04l7p174u6p9" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge ==
[[File:Dülmen, Merfeld, Dülmener Wildpferde in der Wildbahn -- 2016 -- 4740.jpg|thumb|{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ}} 
elden]]
*[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ|ere tohon be anaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ}} (eldeke)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode-div|lang=mnc|
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᠯᠠᡨᡳᠨᠣᠴᡳᠠᠮᡝ ᡶᠣᡵᡤᠣᡧᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠᠩᡤᡝ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ|ᡝᡵᡝ ᡨᠣᡥᠣᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡤᡳᡩᠠᠴᡳ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᡝ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ '''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ''' ᠰᡝᡵᡝ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ ᠪᡝ ᡥᡡᠯᠠᠴᡳ ᠣᠮᠪᡳ᠉]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
Möllendorff ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''eldeke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''eldeke'''&lt;br&gt;
ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡩᡠᡵᡠᠨ᠄ '''eldeke'''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡧᡧᠠᠰᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ'''&lt;br&gt;
᠑᠄ &lt;br&gt;
ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡧᠣᡧᠣᡥᠣᠨ᠈ ᠠᠪᡴᠠᡳ ᡥᠠᠴᡳᠨ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᠮᡝᠶᡝᠨ᠄&lt;br&gt;
::[[Wt/mnc/ᠶᠠᠶᠠ|ᠶᠠᠶᠠ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡩᡝ|ᡩᡝ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ|ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠣᡥᠣ|ᠣᡥᠣ]] [[Wt/mnc/ᠪᡝ|ᠪᡝ]]᠈ '''[[Wt/mnc/ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ]]''' [[Wt/mnc/ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᠰᡝᠮᠪᡳ]]᠉&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;ᡶᠠᡴᠰᠠᠯᠠᠪᡠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[Wt/mnc/ᡠᠯᡩᡝᠮᠪᡳ|ᡠᡠᠯᡩᡝ᠊]] + [[Wt/mnc/᠊ᡴᡝ|᠊ᡴᡝ]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠯᠠᡵᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ ᠴᠠᡤᠠᠨ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br&gt;
:*ᡩᠠᡳᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᡬᠠᠣᡯᡠᠩ ᠶᠣᠩᡴᡳᠶᠠᠩᡤᠠ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ ᡥᡝᠰᡝᡳ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠈ ᡶᡠᡥᡝᠩ ᠰᡝ ᡥᡝᠰᡝ ᠪᡝ ᡩᠠᡥᠠᠮᡝ ᠪᠠᠨᠵᡳᠪᡠᡥᠠ᠉ &quot;ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ&quot;᠈ &quot;[[Wt/mnc/光耀|光耀]]&quot;᠈ ᡥᠠᠨ  ᡳ ᠠᡵᠠᡥᠠ ᠨᠣᠩᡤᡳᠮᡝ ᡨᠣᡴᡨᠣᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ  ᡳ ᠪᡠᠯᡝᡴᡠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠈ ᡠᠵᡠᡳ ᡩᡝᠪᡨᡝᠯᡳᠨ[M]᠉ ᠪᡝᡤᡳᠩ᠄ ᡧᡠ ᡨᡠᠩᡤᡠ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᡳ ᡩᡝ ᠠᠰᠠᡵᠠᠪᡠᡥᠠ ᠪᡳᡨᡥᡝ᠄ ᠑᠗᠗᠒᠄ ᠓ (ᡳᠴᡳ)᠉}}

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''eldeke'''
:abkai durun: '''eldeke'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''eldeke'''

=== aššasun ===
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin, abkai šošohon, abkai hacin uju(i meyen): 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷一·天部二·天文類·第一（則）
#::[[Wt/mnc/yaya|yaya]] [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/genggiyen|genggiyen]] [[Wt/mnc/oho|oho]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''eldeke''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]]. 
#::any light DAT clear become-PERF.ADN ACC '''shine-PERF.ADN''' say-IMPF.CONCL
#::凡是 光 DAT 清澈的 变为-PERF.ADN ACC '''照亮-PERF.ADN''' 称为-IMPF.CONCL

==== faksalabun ====
[[Wt/mnc/uldembi|ulde-]] + [[Wt/mnc/-ke|-ke]]

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]

=== ilhi === 
* ''manju gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1708): '''19'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (18) -- '''eldeke''' (19) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gahūn|gehun gahūn]] (20)→
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1717): 
* ''manju monggo gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1743): '''19'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (18) -- '''eldeke''' (19) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gahūn|gehun gahūn]] (20)→
* ''nonggime toktobuha gisun -i buleku bithe'' (1771): '''20'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (19) -- '''eldeke''' (20) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gahūn|gehun gahūn]] (21)→
* ''manju monggo nikan hergen ilan hacin -i mudan acaha buleku bithe'' (1780): '''19'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (18) -- '''eldeke''' (19) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gahūn|gehun gahūn]] (20)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha buleku bithe'': '''20'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (19) -- '''eldeke''' (20) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gahūn|gehun gahūn]] (21)→
* ''duin hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'':
* ''sunja hacin -i hergen kamciha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'': '''20'''
←duleke gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/elden|elden]] (19) -- '''eldeke''' (20) -- jidere gibsun: [[Wt/mnc/gehun gahūn|gehun gahūn]] (21)→

=== aisilara bithe cagan === 
&lt;references/&gt;
*daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/光耀|光耀]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', ujui debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 3 (ici)&lt;br&gt;
:清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᡝᠯᡩᡝᡴᡝ}}&quot;, &quot;光耀&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 3 (右).
----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/latinocilabuha manju hergen|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i aššasun|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|e]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, ujui debtelin|e]]</text>
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{{INTERWIKI|Q4608595}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wt/cbk-zam/puerta</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3043435</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305074</id>
      <parentid>6542751</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:54:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>converted to new template</comment>
      <origin>7305074</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="337" sha1="13lpkaml8owenodssmaw1cu7gp0a4zs" xml:space="preserve">{{Wt/cbk-zam/lema
| parte_de_discurso = Sustantivo
| definicion_1 = El [[Wt/cbk-zam/entrada|entrada]] na [[lugar]].
| silabificacion = {{Wt/cbk-zam/cbk-sil|puer|ta}}
| lema = puerta
| rima = {{Wt/cbk-zam/rima|a|ta}}
| lenguaje = cbk
| variante = Zamboangueño
| imagen = Wunderburg-Maria-Hilf-Tür-PC180037.jpg
}}
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>User talk:AlbetusTudu</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>3089969</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304697</id>
      <parentid>4651008</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:04:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>QueerEcofeminist</username>
        <id>21670</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>QueerEcofeminist moved page [[User talk:Albetudu]] to [[User talk:AlbetusTudu]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Albetudu|Albetudu]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/AlbetusTudu|AlbetusTudu]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4651008</origin>
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      <text bytes="1278" sha1="5qphx4c2mug5691h9lrw3k94df7glj6" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|lang-support=Language support
|float={{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|left|right}}
}}
{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;div class=&quot;rtl-text&quot;&gt;|}}
Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
{{#ifeq:|yes|If you haven't already, please consider creating yourself an account to be able to do more.  It's free.&lt;br&gt;}}
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand it!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and [[translatewiki:Special:FirstSteps|follow the instructions]].

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].{{#ifeq:{{lc:ltr}}|rtl|&lt;/div&gt;|}}&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 16:43, 26 October 2019 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wq/pa/ਅਡੋਲਫ ਹਿਟਲਰ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3237656</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304911</id>
      <parentid>5127853</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:44:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>ਅੰਤਰ-ਵਿਕੀ ਕੜੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ [[d:Q352]] ਵਿੱਚ ਜੋੜਨਾ</comment>
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      <text bytes="1427" sha1="t3d321vepoo32adukwozc4j9gw43xp7" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Hitler portrait crop.jpg|thumb|ਅਡੋਲਫ ਹਿਟਲਰ]]
'''ਅਡੋਲਫ ਹਿਟਲਰ''' (20 ਅਪ੍ਰੈਲ 1889– 30 ਅਪ੍ਰੈਲ 1945) ਆਸਟਰੀਆ ਵਿੱਚ ਜੰਮਿਆ ਇੱਕ ਜਰਮਨ ਸਿਆਸਤਦਾਨ ਅਤੇ ਨਾਜ਼ੀ ਪਾਰਟੀ (ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਸਮਾਜਵਾਦੀ ਜਰਮਨ ਮਜ਼ਦੂਰ ਪਾਰਟੀ) ਦਾ ਆਗੂ ਸੀ। ਇਹ 1933 ਤੋਂ 1945 ਤੱਕ ਜਰਮਨੀ ਦਾ ਚਾਂਸਲਰ (ਕੁਲਪਤੀ) ਅਤੇ 1934 ਤੋਂ 1945 ਤੱਕ ਨਾਜ਼ੀ ਜਰਮਨੀ ਦਾ ਤਾਨਾਸ਼ਾਹ ਸੀ। ਉਸਦਾ ਨਾਜ਼ੀ ਜਰਮਨੀ, ਯੂਰਪ ਵਿਚਲੇ ਦੂਜੇ ਵਿਸ਼ਵ ਯੁੱਧ ਵਿੱਚ ਕੇਂਦਰੀ ਭੂਮਿਕਾ ਸੀ।

==ਕਥਨ==
* ਜੋ ਕੋਈ ਵੀ ਅਸਮਾਨ ਨੂੰ ਹਰਾ ਅਤੇ ਮੈਦਾਨ ਨੂੰ ਨੀਲਾ ਵੇਖਦਾ ਜਾਂ ਪੈਂਟ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ ਤਾਂ ਉਸਨੂੰ ਮਾਰ ਦੇਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
* ਇਕ ਇਸਾਈ ਹੋਣ ਦੇ ਨਾਤੇ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਖੁਦ ਨੂੰ ਠੱਗੇ ਜਾਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਚਾਉਣ ਦਾ ਕੋਈ ਹੱਕ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ, ਪਰ ਸੱਚ ਅਤੇ ਨਿਆਂ ਲਈ ਲੜ੍ਹਨ ਦਾ ਮੇਰਾ ਹੱਕ ਹੈ।

==ਬਾਹਰੀ ਲਿੰਕ==

{{INTERWIKI|Q352}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/nyn/Uganda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3306974</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305402</id>
      <parentid>7291527</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:23:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Translation from English to rukiga</comment>
      <origin>7305402</origin>
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      <text bytes="16530" sha1="m40u3pv2fdrs9vq5fwe9an9z6tpyndf" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q1036}}

'''Uganda''', omu butongore '''Republic of Uganda''', (Yuganda(ni eihaga eritaine nyanja omuri burugwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Afrika|Afirika]]. Ekateerwa [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]] omu burugwa-eizooba, [[Wp/nyn/Sudan|Sudan]] y'amashuuma omu matemba, [[Wp/nyn/Democratic Republic of Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-eizooba, [[Wp/nyn/Rwanda|Rwanda]] omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba, hamwe na [[Wp/nyn/Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba. Ekicweka ky'amashuuma kirimu ekicweka kihango ky'enyanja Nalubaale, ekirikubaganywaho  [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]] na Tanzania. 

[[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Yuganda]] eri omu kicweka kya [[Wp/nyn/African Great Lakes|African Great Lakes]], eri omu kicweka kya Nile, kandi eine embeera y'obwire etarikushushana. Okuruga omwaka gwa 2024, erimu abantu 49.obukaikuru bushatu, aharibo munaana. abantu miriyoni 5 nibatuura omu rurembo orukuru kandi orurikukirayo obuhango orwa [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]].

Yuganda ekahebwa eiziina ry'obugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]], oburi kwetwariramu ekicweka kihango ky'amashuuma, otwariiremu [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], kandi orurimi rwabo orwa [[Wp/nyn/Luganda|Luganda]] nirugambwa munonga; orurimi rukuru n'orungyereza. Ekicweka kiratuurwamu amahanga gatari gamwe na gamwe, aba bantu n'aba Nilotic batakahikire emyaka nka 3,000 enyima. Obukuku obu bukatandikaho obugabe bw'amaani nk'obugabe bwa Kitara. Okuhika kw'abashuubuzi Abaharabu omu myaka ya 1830, hamwe n'abacondoozi ba Bungyereza aha muheru gw'ekyasha kya 19, kikareetaho entandikwa y'obushoboorozi bw'amahanga g'aheeru. Abangyereza bakataho obutegyeki bwa Protectorate of [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] omuri 1894, ekyatandikireho enkora y'eby'obutegyeki obw'omumaisho. Yu[[Wp/nyn/Uganda|ganda]] ekatunga okwetegyeka omuri 1962, [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]] niwe yaabaire enganzi y'eihanga ey'okubanza. Obutabanguriko bwa Mengo omuri 1966 bukareetaho obutabanguko bw'amaani n'obugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]], hamwe n'empinduka y'eihanga kuruga omu nkora y'eishengyero kuza omu nkora y'omwebembezi w'eihanga. Okubundabunda kw'amahe ga [[Wp/nyn/Idi Amin|Idi Amin]] omuri 1971 kukareetaho obutegyeki bw'obwinazi obwaretsirweho okwitwa kw'abantu baingi hamwe n'okugwa kw'eby'entaasya, kuhisya obu yaagwa omuri 1979.

Ekibiina kya [[Wp/nyn/Yoweri Museveni|Yoweri Museveni]] ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM) kikatwara obutegyeki omuri 1986 bwanyima y'orutaro rw'abaheekyera orwamazire emyaka mukaaga. Obutegyeki bwa Museveni bukareetaho obutebeekana n'entunguuka omu by'entaasya, okubonaabonesibwa omu by'obutegyeki hamwe n'okunyangaraza obugabe bw'abantu bikagumizamu. Okwihaho ekikomo ky'ebisangya by'omwebembezi w'eihanga hamwe n'ebiteekateeko by'obushomankuzi n'okunyigirizibwa omu by'oburuuru, bireesireho okweraarikirira aha biro bya nyensya bya yuganda eby'oburingaaniza. Museveni akatooranwa nk'omwebembezi w'eihanga omu karuuru ka boona aka 2011, 2016, na 2021. Enshonga z'obugabe bw'abantu, obushomankuzi hamwe n'obutabanguko omu byanga, nk'okwejumbira omu ntaro za Congo hamwe n'okurwanisa ekitongore kya Lord's Resistance Army (LRA), nibigyenda omu maisho omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|yuganda]]. 

Oihireho eki, kitungire entunguuka omu by'obwegyese n'eby'amagara, okutunguura emishomo n'okukyendeeza okujanjaara kw'akakooko ka siriimu, n'obu haraabe hariho oburemeezi omu by'amagara g'abazaire hamwe n'obutingana omu kikura ky'abantu. Ebiro bya nyensya by'eihanga nibigyendera aha kukora aha nshonga z'obwebembezi n'obugabe bw'abantu, obwo orikukoresa eby'obuhangwa n'abantu b'eihanga ryona, okureetaho entunguuka erikugumaho.

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Yuganda n'ey'omutaano, erimu enshozi,  n'enyanja, otwariiremu enyanja Nalubaale, enyanja y'amaizi marungi eya kabiri omunsi yoona. Eihanga riine eby'obuhangwa bingi, otwariiremu eitaka ry'obuhingi n'oburiisa n'amajuta agatarikukoresibwa, ekirikureetaho entunguuka omu by'entaasya. Eby'obuheereza nibyo birikusinga eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa. Eby'obuhangwa omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], ebirimu amarindiro g'enyamaishwa, nibireetaho eby'oburambuzi, ekitongore ky'omugasho omu by'entaasya. Uganda n'emwe aha mahanga  g'ekibiina ky'amahanga ageeteeraine, ekibiina ky'amahanga ga [[Wp/nyn/Afirika|Afirika]], ekibiina kya G77, ekibiina ky'amahanga ga [[Wp/nyn/Afirika|Afirika]] y'oburugwa-izooba hamwe n'ekibiina ky'obusiraamu.

== Ebyafaayo ==
Uganda etakatandikire kutegyekwa abajwekyerwa b'amatware 

Ekicweka ekirikukira obuhango ekya Uganda kikaba kirimu abahingi n'abariisa abarikugamba orurimi rwa [[Wp/nyn/Sudan|sudan]] eya rwagati hamwe n'orurimi rwa kuliak, okuhisya emyaka 3,000 enyima, obu abantu abarikugamba orurimi rwa bantu bahika omu mashuuma, kandi abarikugamba orurimi rwa Nile bahika omu matemba g'oburugwa -izooba. 

Omwaka gwa 1500 AD, boona bakaba beejumbire omu buhangwa bw'abantu abarikugamba orurimi rwa bantu omu mashuuma g'orushozi Elgon, omugyera Nile hamwe n'enyanja Kyoga. [16] Kurugirira aha migyenzo y'omunwa hamwe n'okucondooza aha by'obuhangwa, obutegyeki bwa Kitara bukakora ekicweka ky'omugasho omu kicweka kya Great Lakes Area, kuruga omu matemba ga [[Wp/nyn/Albertine Rift|Albert]] na Kyoga kuhisya omu mashuuma ga Victoria na Tanganyika. [7] Kitara neegambwaho nk'omurembezo gw'obugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Tooro people|Tooro]], [[Wp/nyn/Ankole|Ankole]] na Busoga. [18], aba Luo abamwe bakatahirira Kitara kandi baayetaba omuri ba Bantu, baatandikaho obutegyeki bwa Biito obwa Omukama (omutegyeki) owa Bunyoro-Kitara obwa hati. [19]

Abashuubuzi Abaharabu bakaruga aha rubaju rw'enyanja ya Buhindi omuri burugwa-izooba bwa Afirika omu mwaka gwa 1830, okushuubuza n'okuguza ebintu. [20]. Omu myaka ya 1860 eyaahwaire, Bunyoro ya  rwagati ya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda ekashanga etiinisiibwe kuruga omu matemba ga [[Wp/nyn/Egypt|Egypt]]. Okutashushana n'abashuubuzi Abaharabu kuruga aha rubaju rw'enyanja y'oburugwa -izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Afirika|Afirika]] abaabaire nibaronda eby'obushuubuzi, abajwekyerwa aba bakaba nibatunguura obuhanguzi bw'amahanga g'aheeru. 

Omuri 1869, Khedive Ismail Pasha owa [[Wp/nyn/Egypt|Egypt]], arikugyezaho kwegaita aha nsharo z'enyanja Nalubaale n'oburugwa -izooba bw'enyanja Albert hamwe n'omu mashuuma ga Gondokoro, akasindika omurambuzi omuri Bungyereza, Samuel Baker, omu rugyendo rw'amahe aha nsharo z'amatemba ga Uganda, n'ekigyendererwa ngu  Abanya Banyoro bakahakanisa Baker, owaabaire aine kurwana orutaro rw'amaani kugira ngu agarukyeyo. Baker akatwara okuhakanisa nk'ekikorwa ky'oburyarya, kandi yaajumirira Banyoro omu kitabo (Ismailia  A Narrative Of The Expedition To Central Africa For The Suppression Of Trade, Organized By [[Wp/nyn/Ismail Ogama|Ismail]], Khadive Of Egypt (1874)) ekyashomirwe munonga omuri Bungyereza. Bwanyima, Abangyereza bakaija omuri Uganda n'ekyetengo ky'okurwanisa obugabe bwa Bunyoro, reero baaza aha rubaju rw'obugabe bwa Buganda. Eki kikarugamu okufeerwa ekicweka ky'eitaka rya Bunyoro rikaheebwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]] nk'ekirabo kuruga omu Bungyereza. Ebyaro bibiri ahari bingi ebyabaire bitairweho bikagarurirwa Bunyoro bwanyima y'okwetegyeka.

Omu mwaka gwa 1860, obu Abaharabu baabaire nibasherura obutegyeki kuruga omu matemba ga Uganda, aba British abaabaire nibasherura oburugo bw'omugyera Nile, bakaija omu Uganda. Bakakuratirwa abaminsani Abajungu abaizire omu bugabe bwa Buganda omuri 1877 hamwe n'abakaturiki abafaransa omuri 1879. Embeera egi ekareetaho okufa kw'abajurizi ba Uganda omuri 1885 - bwanyima y'okuhindurwa kwa [[Wp/nyn/Muteesa I Royal University|Muteesa I]] hamwe n'abantu be baingi, hamwe n'okugaruka kwa mutabani we Mwanga owaabaire ari omurwani w'abakristaayo. Gavumenti ya Bungyereza ekataho ekitongore kya Imperial British East Africa Company (IBEAC) kutensa aha ndagaano z'eby'obushubuzi omu kyanga okutandika na 1888. [7] 

Kuruga omuri 1886, hakabaho entaro z'ediini nyingi omuri Buganda, hakabanza orw'ahagati y'abasiraamu n'abakurisitaayo, reero kuruga 1890, haazaho orw'ahagati y'abaporotesitante &quot;aba Bungereza&quot; hamwe n'abakaturiki &quot;aba Bufaransa&quot;, ebibiina ebirikwetwa amaziina g'amaani g'obutegyeki agu baabaire nibakwatanisa nago. [26], [27], Ahabw'obutabanguko hamwe n'obubura sente, IBEAC ekagira ngu ekaba etarikubaasa &quot;kugumizamu n'emirimo yaabo&quot; omu kyanga. [ 28) Ebyetengo bya Bungyereza omu by'obushuubuzi bikaba bishemereire kurinda omuhanda gw'ebyobushubuzi ogw'omugyera Nile, ekyareteire gavumenti ya Bungyereza kwegaita ahari Buganda hamwe n'ebyanga ebirikugyetooroora kutandikaho obutegyeki bwa yuganda anda Protectorate omuri 1894. [25]: 34 [29].

== Okwetegyeka (1962 kuhisya 1965) ==
Uganda ekatunga okwetegyeka kuruga omuri Bungyereza ebiro 9 Okwa ikumi 1962 n'omugabekazi [[Wp/nyn/Elizabeth Muwanga|Elizabeth II]] nk'omwebembezi w'eihanga hamwe n'omugabekazi wa Uganda. Okwa ikumi 1963, Uganda ekahinduka eihanga ry'obugabe bw'obutegyeki kwonka ekaguma eri emwe  omu kibiina kya Commonwealth of Nations.

Oburuuru bw'okubanza bwanyima y'okwetegyeka, obwabaireho omuri 1962, bukasingwa omukago ahagati y'ekibiina kya Uganda People's Congress (UPC) hamwe n'ekya Kabaka Yekka (KY).Aba  UPC na KY bakakora gavumenti y'okubanza bwanyima y'okwetegyeka, [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]] nk'enganzi y'eihanga, kandi Kabaka wa Buganda Edward Muteesa II akakora nk'omwebembezi w'eihanga. [39].

== Obutabanguko bwa Buganda (1962-1966) ==
Uganda ahonaaho bwanyima y'okwetegyeka,omu myaka egyo hakaba hariho okukwatanisa ahagati ya Gavumenti eya rwagati hamwe n'obugabe bwa [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]] oburikukirayo obuhango. [41

Kuruga obu Abangyereza batandika obutegyeki bwa Uganda, enshonga y'okureeberera obutegyeki oburikukirayo obuhango omu ihanga ry'obumwe ekaba eri ekizibu. Abategyeki b'amatware g'abajwekyerwa bakaremwa kutaho omuringo ogwabaire nigukora. Eki kikongyera oburemeezi ahabw'obutafayo bwa Buganda aha nkwatanisa yaayo na Gavumenti eya rwagati. Buganda ekaba etashemereire kusherura okwetegyeka, kureka ekareebeka nk'erikushemererwa n'entebeekanisa y'obutegyeki ekyabaheire  emigisha erikusinga ey'abantu abandi abari omu butegyeki bwa Protectorate nainga omwanya gw'omutaano obu Abangyereza baagyenda. Eki kikahamibwa ahabw'obutabanguko ahagati y'abategyeki b'amatware ga Bungyereza na [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]], okwetegyeka kutakahikire. [42

Omuri Buganda, hakaba harimu okwebaganisamu ahagati y'abo abaabaire nibenda ngu Kabaka agume ari omugabe hamwe n'abo abaabaire nibenda kwegaita n'amahanga agandi, okutandikaho eihanga ry'omutindo. Okwebaganisamu kukareetaho okutandikaho ebibiina bibiri ebirikutegyeka Buganda, ekya Kabaka Yekka (Kabaka wenka) KY, hamwe n'ekya Democratic Party (DP) ekyabaire kiine emizi yaakyo omu kanisa y'abakaturiki. Obutaikirizana ahagati y'ebibiina ebi bibiri bukaba buri obw'amaani munonga, okukira munonga obu akaruuru k'okubanza ak'abajwekyerwa omu ishengyero akaabaire kari haihi kubaho. Kabaka akaba atarikukunda munonga omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya DP, [[Wp/nyn/Benedicto Kiwanuka|Benedicto Kiwanuka]]. [43].

Aheeru ya Buganda, [[Wp/nyn/Milton Obote|Milton Obote]], omutegyeki orikugamba gye kuruga omu matemba ga Uganda, akatandikaho ekibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya Uganda People's Congress (UPC). Ekibiina kya UPC kikaba nikitegyekwa ab'eby'obutegyeki abaabaire nibenda kutereeza okutaana kw'ebyanga okwabaire nikutunguura Buganda. Eki kikareetaho obuhwezi bwingi kuruga aheeru ya Buganda. Ekibiina ky'obutegyeki kikaguma kiine ebigyendererwa bitari bimwe na bimwe, kwonka Obote akooreka obukoryo bw'amaani bw'okutensa nabo kugira ngu bagire ekiteekateeko kimwe kurugirira aha nkora ya federo. [44].

Aha bwire bw'okwetegyeka,eshonga za Buganda zikaguma zitarikushoboororwa. Uganda ekaba eri emwe aha matware g'amatware agatungire okwetegyeka hatariho kibiina ky'obutegyeki ekirikubaasa kwebembera omu ishengyero. Omu karuuru k'okwetegyeka, ekibiina kya UPC kikaba kitarikwesimbaho omu Buganda kandi kikasinga entebe 37 ahari 61 ezaabaire zirondeirwe butunu (aheeru ya Buganda). Ekibiina kya DP kikasinga entebe 24 aheeru ya [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]]. &quot;Ekicweka ky'omutaano&quot; ekyaheirwe Buganda, nikimanyisa ngu entebe 21 eza Buganda, zikatooranwa kurugirira aha kuteera akaruuru k'omujwekyerwa omu ishengyero rya Buganda, orikwetwa Lukiko. KY ekasingura DP munonga, yaasingura entebe zoona 21.

Ekibiina kya UPC kikahika ahaiguru aha muheru gwa 1964 obu omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya DP omu ishengyero, Basil Kiiza Bataringaya yaaza omu ishengyero n'abandi babaka bataano, ekyarekire DP n'entebe mwenda zonka. Abakiiki b'ekibiina kya DP bakaba batarikushemererwa ahabw'obwinazi bw'omwebembezi waabo [[Wp/nyn/Benedicto Kiwanuka|Benedicto Kiwanuka]] ahari Kabaka, ekyabaire nikizibira emigisha yaabo y'okwikirizana na KY. [45], Oburugo bw'okuruga omu kibiina kikahinduka omwegyemure, abanyakibiina kya KY 10 ku baamanyire ngu okukwatanisa n'ekibiina kya UPC omu butongore tikurikubaasa kubaho. Obote akagumizamu n'okugamba gye omu ihanga ryona, kandi UPC ekaba neesinga buri karuuru k'ebyaro akaabaireho, ekyaretsireho obushoboorozi bwayo aha bukiiko bwa disiturikiti n'obukiiko bw'eishengyero oburi aheeru ya Buganda. Okugarukwamu kuruga owa Kabaka kukaba kuri okuhunama  obundi okushemererwa ahabw'omurimo gwe gw'emikoro hamwe n'obubonero bwe omu kicweka kye eky'eihanga. Kwonka, hakaba hariho okwebaganisamu kw'amaani omu kikaari kye ekyamuremeise kukora kurungi okurwanisa Obote. Obu Uganda yaabaire etungire okwetegyeka, Buganda ekaba etarikushushana n'amaani g'eby'obutegyeki agarikuhakana. Enamba zaayo ku zaayeyongyeire, enganda, ediini, ebyanga hamwe n'ebyetengo by'abantu bikatandika kutabangura ekibiina. Amaani g'ekibiina gakacwekyerezibwa entaro z'ebibiina by'obutegyeki omuri rwagati hamwe n'omu byanga. Kandi omwaka 1966 gutakahikire, ekibiina kya UPC kikaba kitandikire kwecwagura. Entongane zikeeyongyera ahabw'abasya abaizire omu ishengyero kuruga omu kibiina kya DP na KY. [48

Abajwekyerwa ba UPC bakahika Gulu omuri 1964 aha ruteerane rw'abajwekyerwa baabo. Eki nikyo kyabaire eky'okubanza kworeka oku Obote yaabaire atakiine bushoboorozi aha kibiina kye. Orutaro rw'okuba omuhandiiki mukuru w'ekibiina rukaba ruri orw'amaani ahagati y'omwebembezi omusya Grace Ibingira n'owa John Kakonge. Ibingira bwanyima akahinduka akamanyiso k'abarikuhakanisa Obote omu kibiina kya UPC. Eki n'ekintu ky'omugasho waaba nooreeba ebyabaireho ebyareesireho obutabanguko ahagati ya [[Wp/nyn/Buganda|Buganda]] na Gavumenti eya rwagati. Ahari abo abari aheeru ya UPC (otwariiremu n'abashagiki ba KY), eki kikaba eky'akamanyiso ngu Obote akaba ari omu kabi. Abareebi b'amaani bakareeba ngu UPC ekaba etarikukwatanisa. [49

Okusheenyuka kw'ekibiina kya UPC na KYA kukooreka butunu okwetomboita kwa Obote n'abandi ahabw'omutindo gwa Buganda ogw'omutaano. Omuri 1964 gavumenti ekagarukamu okushaba kw'abantu kuruga omu bicweka ebimwe eby'obugabe bwa Buganda ngu tibari bantu ba Kabaka. Obutegyeki bw'amatware butakatandikire, Buganda ekaba neehakanisibwa obugabe bwa Bunyoro oburi haihi. Buganda ekaba esingire ebicweka bya Bunyoro kandi abagabe b'amatware aba Bungyereza bakaba bagizire omu ndagaano za Buganda. Abantu b'omu myanya egi bakaba nibenda kugaruka bakatuura omuri Bunyoro. Obote akacwamu kwikiriza akaruuru k'ekitongore ky'eby'obutegyeki, ekyashaarize Kabaka hamwe n'abantu baingi omuri Buganda. Abatuuragye b'omu magomborora bakateera akaruuru k'okugaruka omuri Bunyoro, oihireho okuteekwaho kwa Kabaka kutegyeka akaruuru. [50] Ahabw'okusingwa akaruuru k'ekikungo, KY ekahakanisa ekiteiso ky'okuheereza Bunyoro amagomborora, ekyarugiremu okukomya okukwatanisa na UPC.

Ekibiina kya UPC ekyabaire kiri ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ky'eihanga kitandikire kwebaganisamu ahagati y'enganda obu Ibingira yaataahirira Obote omu kibiina kya UPC. Okwebaganisamu kw'enganda &quot;omu matemba n'amashuuma&quot; okwabaire kweyorekyeire omu by'entaasya hamwe n'embeera z'abantu, obwa hati nikweyongyera omu by'obutegyeki. Obote akeetooroora ab'eby'obutegyeki abarikukira obwingi kuruga omu matemba g'eihanga, kandi abashagiki ba Ibingira abaakwasirwe kandi bakakomwa nawe, bakaba nibaruga omu mashuuma. Ku haahingwireho obwire,ebibiina bibiri bikatunga amaziina g'enganda  &quot;Abantu&quot; (okukira munonga ekicweka ky'amashuuma ga Ibingira) hamwe na &quot;Nilotic&quot; (okukira munonga ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Obote). Ekiteekateeko ngu gavumenti ekaba eri omu rutaro n'Abantu kikongyera kweyongyera obu Obote yaakwata kandi akakoma ba minisita ba Bantu abaabaire nibashagika Ibingira. [51]

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'1'Erikumanywa nk'emwe  niyo entandiikiro y'Okubara. 
Haza neija ekuratwa (2)

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'2' ('ibiri') N'enamba erikukurata('1') Kandi (2) ekakuratirwa (''3') enyima.  neeyejunisirwa omu kubara.

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'2' ('ibiri') N'enamba erikukurata('1') Kandi (2) ekakuratirwa (''3') enyima.  neeyejunisirwa omu kubara.

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Distrikt  - Tripoli Distrikt|Eria=1,507|Populeshɔn=1,183,000}}

'''Tripoli''' ([[Wp/kri/Arabiktòk|Arabik]]: طرابلس الغرب, romanized: ''Ṭarābulus al-Gharb''), dɛn kin kɔl am bak '''Tripoli na di Wɛst''', na di [[Wp/kri/Kapital siti|kapital]] ɛn big siti na [[Wp/kri/Libya|Libya]], wit lɛk 1.317 milyɔn pipul dɛn we de insay 2021. I de na di nɔt-wɛst pat na Libya na di ed pat na di [[Wp/kri/Dɛzat|dɛzat]], na wan say we gɛt ston dɛn we de kɔmɔt na di Mɛditarenian Si ɛn we de mek wan bay. I inklud di pɔt na Tripoli ɛn di kɔntri in big kɔmɛshɔn ɛn manufakchurin sɛnta. Na de bak di [[Wp/kri/Yunivasiti ɔf Tripoli|Yunivasiti ɔf Tripoli]] de. 

Tripoli bin stat insay di 7th sɛntinari BC bay di Fonishian dɛm, we gi am di Libyco-Berber nem Oyat ([[Wp/kri/Punik langwej|Punic]]: 𐤅𐤉𐤏𐤕, ''Wyʿt'') bifo i pas na di an fɔ di Grik rula dɛm fɔ Sayrinaika as Oea ([[Wp/kri/Gristòk|Grik]]: Ὀία, ''Oía''). Bikɔs di siti dɔn lɔng, bɔku say dɛn de we gɛt impɔtant tin dɛn fɔ du na Tripoli. Tripoli kin tɔk bak bɔt di sha’biyah (tɔp-lɛvel administretiv divishɔn na di Libya sistɛm), di [[Wp/kri/Tripoli Distrikt|Tripoli Distrikt]].

[[Category:Wp/kri]]
[[Category:Wp/kri/Libya]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/kri/Amonayt</title>
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      <text bytes="2053" sha1="by263u5wkacbp39jryjgtl2gl6dz2tq" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/kri/Tòk|kɔlɔ1=#faecc8|kɔlɔ2=#faecc8|kɔlɔ3=#faecc8|tɔk=Amonayt|kòntri=Amɔn|rijyɔn=di nɔt-wɛst pat na Jɔdan|sistɛm fɔ rayt=|òfishal langwej=|maynòriti langwej=|iso1=|iso2=|iso3=|glottolog=&lt;code&gt;ammo1234&lt;/code&gt;}}

'''Amɔnayt''' na di [[Wp/kri/Kenanayt langwej dɛn|Kenanayt langwej]] we di [[Wp/kri/Amɔn|Amɔnayt]] pipul dɛn we dɛn tɔk bɔt na di [[Wp/kri/Baybul|Baybul]], we bin de na [[Wp/kri/Jɔdan|Jɔdan]] tide, ɛn we dɛn gi in kapital nem [[Wp/kri/Amman|Aman]], in nem to dɛn. Na smɔl pat dɛn nɔmɔ pan dɛn langwej stil de—mɔ di 9th sɛntinari BC Amman Citadel Inscription, di 7th–6th sɛntinari BC Tel Siran bronz bɔtul, ɛn sɔm ostraca. 

As fa as yu kin no frɔm di smɔl kɔpɔs, i bin rili fiba di [[Wp/kri/Baybul Ibru|Baybul Ibru]], wit sɔm pɔsibul [[Wp/kri/Arameatòk|Arameik]] inflɔɛns inklud di yus fɔ di verb ''‘bd'' (עבד) instead ɔf di mɔ kɔmɔn Baybul Ibru ''‘śh'' (עשה) fɔ ‘mek’. Di wangren ɔda notis difrɛns wit di Baybul Ibru na di sporadik ritɛnshɔn fɔ feminine singul ''-t'' (''’šħt'' ‘cistern’, bɔt ''‘lyh'' ‘high [fem.]’.) I tan lɛk bak se Amɔnayt bin gɛt bɔku pan di tipik kɔrɛspɔndɛns dɛn fɔ diftɔng dɛn, wit wɔd dɛn lɛk ''ywmt'' (יומת ''*yawmōt'', ‘dez’) ɔl tu de kip /aw/ . ɛn we de sho wan shift to /o/, ɛn ɔda wɔd dɛn lɛk ''yn'' (ין ‘wayn’) we de sho wan shift fɔ /ay/ to ''ē'' (''yēn'' &lt; ''*yayn'') we tan lɛk Ibru.

Fɔs tɛm, na wan Italiyan Orientalist we nem [[Wp/kri/Giovanni Garbini|Giovanni Garbini]] bin tɔk bɔt am as wan sɛpret langwej insay 1970. Afta dat, dɛn bin riklasayz bɔku pan di tin dɛn we dɛn bin dɔn rayt bifo tɛm se na Ibru, [[Wp/kri/Fonishatòk|Fonishian]], ɔ [[Wp/kri/Arameatòk|Arameik]], as a rizulta fɔ wanwɔd arawnd di sem we aw di Amman Tiatri Inskripshɔn, Amman Sitadel Inskripshɔn, Tɛl Sayrin Bɔtul, Ɛshbɔn Ɔstraka, ɛn Tɛl ɛl-Mazer Ɔstraka.
[[Category:Wp/kri]]
[[Category:Wp/kri/Langwej dɛn we dɔn dɔnawe wit am]]
[[Category:Wp/kri/Langwej]]</text>
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    <title>Wp/kri/Republic fò di Kongo</title>
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      <text bytes="2963" sha1="qoucvznmxalx7gyesf9k8npt4xvusi5" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/kri/Kɔntri|Name=Ripɔblik fɔ di Kongo|Flag=Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg|COA=Coat of arms of the Republic of the Congo.svg|Location=Republic of the Congo (orthographic projection).svg|Moto=&quot;Uniti, Travail, Progrès&quot; (French)

(Krio: &quot;Yunati, Wok, Prɔgrɛs&quot;)|Antɛm=&quot;La Congolaise&quot; (French) 

Besi Kôngo (Kɔngo)

(Krio: &quot;Di Kɔngo pipul dɛn&quot;)|Kapital=Brazzaville|Offistɔk=Frɛnch|Area=342,000|Pipuldɛm=6,228,784|Dɛnsiti=19/sqkm|Gɔvment=Yuniti sɛmi-prɛsidɛnt ripablik|Lida=Denis Sassou Nguesso (Prɛsidɛnt)|Nem=Ripɔblik fɔ di Kongo

République du Congo (Frɛnch)}}

Di '''Ripɔblik fɔ''' '''di Kongo''', we dɛn kin kɔl bak '''Kongo-Brazavil''', di '''Kongo Ripɔblik''' ɔ jɔs '''Kongo''', na wan kɔntri we de na di wɛst kɔst na Sɛntral Afrika na di wɛst pat na di Kongo Riva. I gɛt bɔda na di wɛst wit [[Wp/kri/Gabon|Gabon]], na di nɔt-wɛst wit [[Wp/kri/Kamerun|Kamɛrun]], na di nɔt-ɛst wit di [[Wp/kri/Sɛntral Afrika Ripɔblik|Sɛntral Afrika Ripɔblik]], na di sawt-ɛst wit di [[Wp/kri/Dimokratik Ripɔblik fɔ Kongo|Dimokratik Ripɔblik fɔ Kongo]], na di sawt wit di [[Wp/kri/Angola|Angola]] exclave of [[Wp/kri/Cabinda|Cabinda]], ɛn na di sawt-wɛst wit di Atlantik Oshɔn.

Di rijyɔn bin gɛt trayb dɛn we de tɔk Bantu at le 3,000 ia bifo dis tɛm, we bin bil tred link dɛn we de go insay di Kongo Riva bɛsin. Frɔm di 13th sɛntinari, di teritɔri tide bin gɛt wan kɔnfɛdɛreshɔn we Vungu bin de lid we inklud Kakongo ɛn Ngoyo. Di Tio Kiŋdɔm bin kam insay di ia 1900, ɛn Loango insay di ia 1600. Insai di let 19th senchri [[Wp/kri/Frans|Frans]] bin koloniz di rijon en inkorpor am insay French Ikwetorial Afrika. Dɛn bin mek di Ripɔblik fɔ Kongo pan 28 Novɛmba 1958 ɛn i bin gɛt indipɛndɛns frɔm Frans insay 1960. I bin bi Maksis–Lɛninist stet frɔm 1969 to 1992, ɔnda di nem Pipul Ripɔblik fɔ Kongo (PRC). Afta dɛn bigin fɔ mek bɔku pati ilɛkshɔn insay 1992, dɛn bin pul di gɔvmɛnt we dɛn bin dɔn pik bay dimɔkratik we di sivil wɔ bin de, afta dat, Denis Sassou Nguesso, we bin dɔn bi prɛsidɛnt bifo frɔm 1979 to 1992, bin kam bak na ɔfis insay 1997. I dɔn kɔntinyu fɔ bi prɛsidɛnt frɔm da tɛm de.

Di Ripɔblik fɔ Kongo na mɛmba fɔ di Afrikan Yuniɔn, di Yunaytɛd Neshɔn, La Francophonie, di Ikɔnomik Kɔmyuniti fɔ Sɛntral Afrika Stet dɛn, ɛn di Nɔn-Alayn Muvmɛnt. Na di nɔmba 4 big ɔyl prodyusɔ na di Galf ɔf Gini, we de gi di kɔntri digri fɔ prɔsperiti, wit pɔlitikal ɛn ikɔmik instability na sɔm eria ɛn nɔ ikwal distribyushɔn fɔ ɔyl revenyu ɔlsay na di kɔntri. I ikɔmi de dipen pan di ɔyl sɛktɔ ɛn di ikɔnomi growth dɔn slo frɔm we di ɔyl prayz dɔn dɔŋ afta 2015.

Kristian rilijɔn na di fet we bɔku pipul dɛn se na di kɔntri. Akɔdin to di 2024 rendishɔn fɔ di World Happiness Report, di Ripɔblik fɔ Kongo de na di nɔmba 89 ples pan 140 neshɔn dɛn.
[[Category:Wp/kri]]
[[Category:Wp/kri/Afrika]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/kri/Pop Grègori XIV</title>
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      <text bytes="465" sha1="a15e8ha5dm43fflz914o7g3z23y10z5" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Papa Urbano VII (Pope Urban VII).jpg|thumb|Di pikchɔ we dɛn sho se na Grɛgori XIV]]
'''Pop Grɛgori XIV''' (Latin: ''Gregorius XIV''; Italiyan: ''Gregorio XIV''; 11 Fɛbwari 1535 – 16 Ɔktoba 1591), we dɛn bɔn '''Nikola Sfɔndrato''' ɔ '''Sfɔndrati''', na bin di edman fɔ di Katolik Chɔch ɛn rula fɔ di Papal Stet dɛn frɔm 5 Disɛmba 1590 te i day, insay Ɔktoba 1591.

{{Wp/kri/Short atikul}}

[[Category:Wp/kri]]
[[Category:Wp/kri/Pop dɛn]]</text>
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| language = Udmurt
| meta = &lt;!-- is there a request on Meta-Wiki? --&gt;
}}
[[Category:Incubator:Test wikis of languages of Russia]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/mrt/Tony Elumelu</title>
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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===Childhood  family===

===jiga===

==nya biya==
===Early career===
===United bank for Africa===
===Heirs Holdings===
===Transcorp plc===
===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q7822289}}</text>
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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===Ch family===

===jiga===

==nya biya==
===Early career===
===United bank for Africa===
===Heirs Holdings===
===Transcorp plc===
===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q7822289}}</text>
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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===Early career===
===United bank for Africa===
===Heirs Holdings===
===Transcorp plc===
===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q7822289}}</text>
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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===Earlareer===

===United bank for Africa===
===Heirs Holdings===
===Transcorp plc===
===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===Earlr===

===United bank for Africa===
===Heirs Holdings===
===Transcorp plc===
===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===Er===

===United bank for Africa===
===Heirs Holdings===
===Transcorp plc===
===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===United bank for Africa===
===Heirs Holdings===
===Transcorp plc===
===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q7822289}}</text>
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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===United banfrica===

===Heirs Holdings===
===Transcorp plc===
===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q7822289}}</text>
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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===United ca===

===Heirs Holdings===
===Transcorp plc===
===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q7822289}}</text>
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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===Unca===

===Heirs Holdings===
===Transcorp plc===
===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===Heirs Holdings===
===Transcorp plc===
===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===dings===

===Transcorp plc===
===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q7822289}}</text>
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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===Transcorp plc===
===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===Transcc===

===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===The Tony Elumelu Foundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===The Tonyundation===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
===Thtion===

==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q7822289}}</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305071</id>
      <parentid>7305070</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:45:26Z</timestamp>
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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
==Awards and honours==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]
==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==
==Awarurs==
Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]

==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q7822289}}</text>
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'''Tony Onyemaechi Elumelu'''&lt;ref&gt;Izuchukwu Ojibe (27 April 2024). https://paperng.com/2024/04/who-is-tony-elumelus-wife-awele-vivian-elumelu.html&lt;nowiki/&gt;Paper Nigeria. Retrieved 28 April 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; kran ji dinya ingya sinbiyan yi ingya Tony O. Elumelu CFR (nji yanyi 22 hya hya makur  fa 1963) ndgya Nigerian economist, and philanthropist. najà chairs Heirs Holdings, &lt;ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888413/tony-elumelu/TIME&lt;/nowiki&gt;. Retrieved 22 September 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Transcorp, United Bank for Africa (UBA) ba najan shili ingya Tony Elumelu Foundation.
Or fa 2020, Elumelu a ninyir ji thumau or latur list ni 100 ba gurtu influential ni ngir duniya.
==nya biya ni tangurma==
===jiga===

==nya biya==

Elumelu has received recognition and praise for his contributions to business and entrepreneurship.

In 2003, the Federal Government of Nigeria granted Elumelu the title of Member of the Order of the Federal Republic MFR, a national honour.[26]
In 2012, he was awarded the National Honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger CON for his service in promoting private enterprise.[27]
He was awarded the Daily Times, Nigerian man of the year in 2016.[28]
In 2018 and 2019 he was awarded the All-Africa Business Leaders Awards (AABLA) Philanthropist of the Year Award[29]
Bayero University Kano (BUK) - Honorary Doctor of Business degree in 2019[30]
He was honored with the National Productivity Order of Merit Award in 2019.[31]
TIME magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2020.[32]
On 11 October 2022, Elumelu received the National honour of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic.[33]

==Ndərər ɗəŋgá/sagida nca==
[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q7822289}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Nature</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3510569</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305307</id>
      <parentid>7197481</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:20:52Z</timestamp>
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        <id>2696347</id>
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      <text bytes="401" sha1="fgr67j2olfaryv3cc2vbccya9zo4j6b" xml:space="preserve">'''Nyungulukilu wa bifukiibwa''', anyi '''bufuki''' tshidi nyungulukilu  ne maalu aa bifukiibwa maalu adi ka ayi malamika ku ngenzelu wa muntu to.
Mwaku ewu udi ne diumvwija ditshilatshilangane ne unjinga ku tuvuluija bua kutabalela nyungulukilu wetu ku tshikondu ne ku tshikondu.
[[File:Gold Creek Alaska Lake 0299.jpg|thumb|nyungulukilu ne bifukibua]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]
[[Category:Wp/lua/Dimanya]]</text>
      <sha1>fgr67j2olfaryv3cc2vbccya9zo4j6b</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Big Bang</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3510608</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305309</id>
      <parentid>7213852</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:22:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305309</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="475" sha1="mv0n43k6259uooy59yop98pvzl2azl6" xml:space="preserve">'''Ditayika dinena Dià kafuka'''  tshidi tshilejelu tshia dimanya dia diulu dionso bidi bena dimanya bakuata naatshi mudimu bua kuleja mbangilu anyi difumina ni ditanta (diya kumpala) dia diulu dionso. Mu diamba dionso, '''ditayika dinena didi difuka''' didi dikumbaja ku malongesha onsu adi amba diulu dionso bu difumina ku tshintu tshitayika lukasalukasa.

[[File:CMB Timeline300 no WMAP.jpg|300px|right]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]
[[Category:Wp/lua/Dimanya]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q323}}</text>
      <sha1>mv0n43k6259uooy59yop98pvzl2azl6</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Constitution</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3512828</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304759</id>
      <parentid>7078589</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:58:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="254" sha1="a1yiycfrn2ev5elqez8hubdw6u2iq6h" xml:space="preserve">'''Meyi ne mikandu ya ditunga,''' idi mikenji idi iteka bulongolodi ne munda mua ditunga, wowu mêyi ne mikandu aha kakuena muntu udi bua kuhakandamena to nansha yeya mfumu mulombodi wa [[Wp/lua/Ditunga|ditunga]] anyi meena kampanda.

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Astronomy</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <parentid>7172692</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:21:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305308</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1113" sha1="7acs1ua8u4m6p0d8op2ldsfwfbjdfp6" xml:space="preserve">'''Dimanya dia mabulungu''' didi dikulupila dia mitooto ne kiipatshila ka kumvwija mafia wayo,dishidimuka diayo,ne Biyiibaki.
Dimanya dia maalu aa tshibwashibwashi dia kale biangatshile kudi ba nkambwa. Beena lelu badi benza dinaya ne dijikija dia luteetuku.

Dimanya dia moto idilongesha dia malu aa dimanya  didi dilonga bintu bia mu diulu bua kumvuija ngikadilu yabi ne ya tshimuenekelu tshiabi  ne kabidi ntuadijilu wabi ne mudibi bienda bishintuluka. Bidi bimanyine pa dimona dia muulu.
Muaku &quot;astronomie&quot; udi ufumina ku tshiena Greke ἀστρονομία / astronomía, &quot;mukenji wa mitoto&quot; (ufumina ku ἄστρον / ástron, &quot;mutoto,&quot; ne νόμος / nómos, &quot;mukenji&quot;).

Ne bidimu bipite pa 5000 bia malu a kale, malu a mitoto adi afumina ku bilele bia ntendelelu bia kale.

Dimanya dia mitoto i dimue dia ku malu makese a sianse adi bantu badi kabayi bamanye malu a mitoto benza mudimu mukole.Bidi bienzeka bu bualu bua dijikija lutetuku kudi bamanyi ba bungi ba malu a mitoto. 
[[Category:Wp/lua]]
[[File:Laser Towards Milky Ways Centre.jpg|300px|right]]
[[Category:Wp/lua/Dimanya]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q333}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Galaxy</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3513383</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305312</id>
      <parentid>7172743</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:24:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305312</origin>
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      <text bytes="429" sha1="9op92v26drxnxq4naqo6jcc7h3eho4e" xml:space="preserve">'''Nsangilu wa mitooto ne mabulungu Adi mikala nyi nkatshi-nkatshi waawu bu ditùbu difìka anyi trou noir''.  ''' ,udi bienji bia tshibwashibwashi ne tshiululu.Tshisumbu tshia mitooto etshi tshidi ne kapeepa munda mwatshi,ne bintu bifwanangane ne lupwishi pa ku tangila .Bifiikuluke ne biikale ne disosu difika munkatshi.
[[File:NGC_4414_(NASA-med).jpg|thumb|]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]
[[Category:Wp/lua/Dimanya]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q318}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Djitshi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3513402</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305302</id>
      <parentid>7179384</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:14:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisdanielkazadi</username>
        <id>2595299</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
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      <text bytes="281" sha1="3m1fs6a3uuu4ia8zgi67jf9swxotya8" xml:space="preserve">'''Ditshi''' didi tshituwa tshia mubidi tshidi tshiasa ku mutu, tshikala ne bukookeshi bua kumvua.Twishi tu kwabo katweena ne matshi to.Tudi tumvwa  bilondeshila dizakaladia mubidi ne masansakata aa mubidi waatu.
[[File:Closeup of a human ear.jpg|197px|right]]

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Diwulu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3513403</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305303</id>
      <parentid>7128158</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:14:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisdanielkazadi</username>
        <id>2595299</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
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      <text bytes="325" sha1="inuwa8524cn4fhvcby3hot5hk5cx3k2" xml:space="preserve">'''Diwulu''' tshituwa tshia mubidi tshidi ne bukookeshi bua kumvua muwuya anyi kununkila kuwitshila ku muwuya udi tshintu kana tshionsu tshidi pabuipi.Diuulu ke didi kabidi diambulwisha bwa kweyela.
[[File:Fort Ross Elena wearing Traditional Russian Costume (cropped).jpg|160px|right]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q7363}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Dyinsu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3513404</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305304</id>
      <parentid>7128162</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:15:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisdanielkazadi</username>
        <id>2595299</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
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      <text bytes="265" sha1="78g75he15dh06i9qoth2qhd4oq64v5x" xml:space="preserve">'''Diisu''' ke tshituwa tshia mubidi tshidi tshiasa pamwe ne mpala,ne tshidi tshiambulwisha bua kumona.Diisu didi kabidi diambulwisha bwa jingulula butooke nansha miidima,maakala mashilangane, ne bimfwanyi.
....
[[File:Eye iris.jpg|300px|right]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Ferdinand Magellan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3513421</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305324</id>
      <parentid>7070216</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:35:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
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      <text bytes="645" sha1="hsfzo47b4bqa917su1st0e9avjyogrt" xml:space="preserve">'''Fernand de Magellan''', mulelamu tsimenga tshia Porto bitangile ku tshidimu tshia tshinunu nkama inayi makumi muada mukulu ne mufwe mu Phillipine dia makumi abidi ngondu wa muinayi tshidimu tshia tshinunu nkama itanu makumi abidi ne umwa. Magellan udi mwendi wa pa maayi ne mukebuludi  wa ditunga dia Portugal.Uvwa ne kiipatshila ka kujikija majandula a Christophe Colomb avwa mashale mu njila.Uvwa wela meeji bwa kupeta njila wa kufika ku maayi aa [[Wp/lua/Ocean|Océan]] Atlantique, kadi kujandula munga mbuwu ne kumwinyika ne « Océan pacifique ».

[[Category:Wp/lua]]
[[Category:Wp/lua/Mìanda ya moyì wa muntu]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q1496}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Moscou</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3513475</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305320</id>
      <parentid>6359963</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:31:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
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      <text bytes="252" sha1="9yavccigvcrbc56km20jspx7fwrdoee" xml:space="preserve">'''Moscou''' ,ntshimamuende wa bukalenge bwa ditunga dia Russie. Ntshitandabala mu tshipaapu tshitwe ku 2510 km2. Battu badin vassal mégarde ku 13 1000 000. Mosco mmupite bimenga bishilangane bia mwana wa mwena mputu ku tshipaapu.

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305321</id>
      <parentid>7305320</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:32:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
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      <text bytes="270" sha1="rc1wbaneqgbb108ixkdlpljeld99pjm" xml:space="preserve">'''Moscou''' ,ntshimamuende wa bukalenge bwa ditunga dia [[Wp/lua/Russia|Russie]]. Ntshitandabala mu tshipaapu tshitwe ku 2510 km2. Battu badin vassal mégarde ku 13 1000 000. Mosco mmupite bimenga bishilangane bia mwana wa mwena mputu ku tshipaapu.

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Londre</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3513476</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305325</id>
      <parentid>6357244</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:36:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
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      <text bytes="247" sha1="any1ow0gy7g5slqh84s9wet00t3tdbr" xml:space="preserve">'''londre''' , tshimamuende wa bukalenge bua ditunga dia Angleterre.  Londre mwibaka kudi beena Lomo kukaadi bidimu bipite pa binunu bibidi. Tshimeng'etshi tshiludika kudi mfumu wa tshimenga pamwe ne ba tshipwita munwamfwanka.

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Cholera</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3513578</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305371</id>
      <parentid>7070860</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:28:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
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      <text bytes="254" sha1="nwz5o6ggs3ktf2wsr3mzzbxqvx099ib" xml:space="preserve">'''Nkolelà''' anyi '''disama Dia munda mpulumuku''',ndisama didi diuwisha (dinyinyisha )muntu bikola bunyawu bua mayîmayî difikisha muntu too niku lufu yeya kayi munyemena Ku lupitààdi lukasa to.
[[File:Cholera bacteria SEM.jpg]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Health</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3519514</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305376</id>
      <parentid>6381253</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:32:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
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      <text bytes="694" sha1="rtuip4z4i8ckgdgbaqzwyl7qk7ly1if" xml:space="preserve">Makanda a mubidi
Makanda a mubidi a bantu adi &quot;nsombelu wa kuikala ne makanda a mubidi, a lungenyi ne a mu nsombelu ne ki nganu dipanga dia masama anyi butekete to.&quot; Mu diumvuija edi dia bulongolodi bua makanda a mubidi pa buloba bujima (OMS), katshia mu 1946, makanda a mubidi adi aleja “bumue bua ku makokeshi a nshindamenu a muntu yonso, kakuyi kutangila dikoba, ntendelelu, lungenyi lua tshididi, nsombelu wa malu a mpetu anyi wa nsombelu” [1],[Note 1]. Bidi biumvuija dikumbaja dia majinga onso a muntu nkayende, nansha a mu lungenyi, a makanda a mubidi, a biakudia, a nsombelu anyi a bilele [2]. Ino, diumvuija edi didi disangisha lungenyi lua makanda a mubidi ne nsombelu muimpe [3].</text>
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    <revision>
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'''Makanda a mubidi''' aa bantu adi &quot;nsombelu wa kuikala ne makanda aa mubidi, a lungenyi ne a mu nsombelu ne ki nganu dipanga dia masama anyi butekete to.&quot; Mu diumvuija edi dia bulongolodi bua makanda a mubidi pa buloba bujima (OMS), katshia mu 1946, makanda a mubidi adi aleja “bumue bua ku makokeshi a nshindamenu a muntu yonso, kakuyi kutangila dikoba, ntendelelu, lungenyi lua tshididi, nsombelu wa malu a mpetu anyi wa nsombelu” [1],[Note 1]. Bidi biumvuija dikumbaja dia majinga onso a muntu nkayende, nansha a mu lungenyi, a makanda a mubidi, a biakudia, a nsombelu anyi a bilele [2]. Ino, diumvuija edi didi disangisha lungenyi lua makanda a mubidi ne nsombelu muimpe [3].</text>
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'''Makanda a mubidi''' aa bantu adi &quot;nsombelu wa kuikala ne makanda aa mubidi, a lungenyi ne a mu nsombelu ne ki nganu dipanga dia masama anyi butekete to.&quot; Mu diumvuija edi dia bulongolodi bua makanda a mubidi pa buloba bujima (OMS), katshia mu 1946, makanda a mubidi adi aleja “bumue bua ku makokeshi a nshindamenu a muntu yonso, kakuyi kutangila dikoba, ntendelelu, lungenyi lua tshididi, nsombelu wa malu a mpetu anyi wa nsombelu” [1],[Note 1]. Bidi biumvuija dikumbaja dia majinga onso a muntu nkayende, nansha a mu lungenyi, a makanda a mubidi, a biakudia, a nsombelu anyi a bilele [2]. Ino, diumvuija edi didi disangisha lungenyi lua makanda a mubidi ne nsombelu muimpe [3].
[[File:Star of life2.svg|thumb|mutotu udi uleja makanda amubidi|160px|right]]</text>
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'''Makanda a mubidi''' aa bantu adi &quot;nsombelu wa kuikala ne makanda aa mubidi, a lungenyi ne a mu nsombelu ne ki nganu dipanga dia masama anyi butekete to.&quot; Mu diumvuija edi dia bulongolodi bua makanda a mubidi pa buloba bujima (OMS), katshia mu 1946, makanda a mubidi adi aleja “bumue bua ku makokeshi a nshindamenu a muntu yonso, kakuyi kutangila dikoba, ntendelelu, lungenyi lua tshididi, nsombelu wa malu a mpetu anyi wa nsombelu” [1],[Note 1]. Bidi biumvuija dikumbaja dia majinga onso a muntu nkayende, nansha a mu lungenyi, a makanda a mubidi, a biakudia, a nsombelu anyi a bilele [2]. Ino, diumvuija edi didi disangisha lungenyi lua makanda a mubidi ne nsombelu muimpe [3].
[[File:Star of life2.svg|thumb|mutotu udi uleja makanda a mubidi|160px|right]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305381</id>
      <parentid>7305380</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:40:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
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'''Makanda a mubidi''' aa bantu adi &quot;nsombelu wa kuikala ne makanda aa mubidi, a lungenyi ne a mu nsombelu ne ki nganu dipanga dia masama anyi butekete to.&quot; Mu diumvuija edi dia bulongolodi bua makanda a mubidi pa buloba bujima (OMS), katshia mu 1946, makanda a mubidi adi aleja “bumue bua ku makokeshi a nshindamenu a muntu yonso, kakuyi kutangila dikoba, ntendelelu, lungenyi lua tshididi, nsombelu wa malu a mpetu anyi wa nsombelu” [1],[Note 1]. Bidi biumvuija dikumbaja dia majinga onso a muntu nkayende, nansha a mu lungenyi, a makanda a mubidi, a biakudia, a nsombelu anyi a bilele [2]. Ino, diumvuija edi didi disangisha lungenyi lua makanda a mubidi ne nsombelu muimpe [3].
[[File:Star of life2.svg|thumb|mutotu udi uleja makanda a mubidi|160px|right]]
Kabidi, &quot;bukola bua mubidi budi bufumina ku dipetangana dia misangu yonso pankatshi pa muntu ne muaba udiye&quot; ne ke bualu kayi budi buleja &quot;bukole ebu bua mubidi, bua lungenyi ne bua mu nsombelu bua muntu nkayende bua kuenza malu muaba udiye ne bua kukumbaja midimu idibu basue kuenza mu mushindu udibu mua kuitaba kudibu ne kudi bisumbu bidibu babuelamu&quot;[4].

Mu 1973, René Dubos udi umvuija makanda a mubidi bu &quot;nsombelu udi mubidi wenza malu ku diambuluisha dia dishintuluka dia malu eku ulama bujalame buende. Nsombelu wa mubidi ne wa lungenyi, udi kayi ne kanyinganyinga ne makenga, udi wambuluisha muntu bua kuenza mudimu mutantshi mule muaba udi mpukapuka anyi disungula dimuteka.&quot;[3],[5].

Bua René Leriche mu 1936, &quot;bukola bua mubidi i muoyo mu ditalala dia bitupa bia mubidi.&quot;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Black hole</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3520328</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305310</id>
      <parentid>7172736</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:22:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
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      <text bytes="378" sha1="r18ludhm2ddr4jgpzrdj9389f7dg9l5" xml:space="preserve">'''Ditùbu difìika''' Mu dilonga dia malu a mabulungu '''astrolonomie'''  anyi ditùbu difìika didi divuba divungakana,mu mushindu wa nyi bukola bua nkokibu wa mabulungu,udi ujika dibulungu dionsu anyi dibalakana dionsu bua ku nyema diodi divuba édi.

[[File:Black_hole_-_Messier_87_crop_max_res.jpg|thumb|]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]
[[Category:Wp/lua/Dimanya]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q589}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Cancer</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3520455</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305369</id>
      <parentid>7070859</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:27:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
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      <text bytes="399" sha1="28kounrxfm7cpu6err7cp3qbwn98lmc" xml:space="preserve">'''Disama dia mputa wa lubangu ''' (cancer) didi di leja bukua masama bulela kupitshila ku dinyanguka dia tubulu tua mashi,nyi totuetu tushala ka tuyi tukuata midimu mudi bikengedibua nyi tuvulangana mu mushindu wa kende kuya.
Tubulu etu, totu tuvula tudi tuenza tshiwuji tshifikuluka( tshiwuji etshi tshienda tshibolesha misunya mikuabu)
[[File:Tumor Mesothelioma2 legend.jpg]]

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Skeleton</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3521465</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305316</id>
      <parentid>7070850</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:29:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
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      <comment>/* */</comment>
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      <text bytes="433" sha1="l8fedamrq5j6hmuznbjtztqnwcx471l" xml:space="preserve">'''Tshibanvubanvu tshia mbidi''' .nsangilu wa mifuba ya mubidi mujima,yoyi mifuba eyi ki idi misunya,mifùngu ni mijilu milamata .Nsangilu wa mifuba,misunya, mijilu ni mifùngù ki bidi bienza mubidi wa muntu.Ne yoyi eyi ki tulonda tudi tuenza buase tudi bua kuimana kuuku ne kuenza nyungakenu mikuabu ya mbidi.

[[File:Skeletons.png|250px|right]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]
[[Category:Wp/lua/Mìanda ya moyì wa muntu]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q7881}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Lung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3521466</id>
    <revision>
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      <parentid>6388725</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:28:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
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      <comment>/* */</comment>
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      <text bytes="351" sha1="te89gilr7ukkmv1cm7sd0dss6h5sd1t" xml:space="preserve">'''Bisulusulu'''
Mu nyama idi ne mifuba, difuka didi dienza ne diumusha dia tuishi.

Mu bantu, tshipupu tshidi tshifumina ku tunyinganyinga ntshia tshipupu tshidi tshifumina ku malu adi asaka muntu ku muoyo bu mudi: tunyinganyinga, disanka, ditekemena anyi buôwa.
Mu mitshi, dipuekesha dia luya i diumusha dia luya lua mayi.

Dishintulula dia ndekelu</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305315</id>
      <parentid>7305314</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:28:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305315</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="325" sha1="mck1gmd9lasie28kyhlzgbbq56cn3ur" xml:space="preserve">'''Bisulusulu'''
Mu nyama idi ne mifuba, difuka didi dienza ne diumusha dia tuishi.

Mu bantu, tshipupu tshidi tshifumina ku tunyinganyinga ntshia tshipupu tshidi tshifumina ku malu adi asaka muntu ku muoyo bu mudi: tunyinganyinga, disanka, ditekemena anyi buôwa.
Mu mitshi, dipuekesha dia luya i diumusha dia luya lua mayi.</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Disease</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3521531</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305292</id>
      <parentid>7070875</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:05:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisdanielkazadi</username>
        <id>2595299</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305292</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1224" sha1="lm1leqwuywparqxi0akbp4ywrcg9ihk" xml:space="preserve">'''Disama''', nsangilu wa mabèèdi adi akuata mubidi.

[[File:Michael Ancher 001.jpg|thumb|320px|''The Sick Girl''(Nsongakaji udi usama) wa Michael Ancher]]
Tudi tuakula bua disama, tudi tuakula bua mashintuluka onso adi enzeka mu makanda a mubidi, ne bua disama, didi dileja tshintu kampanda tshidi tshileja malu adi atshikebesha, bimanyinu biatshi, mushindu uditshi tshienda tshikola ne mushindu wa kutshiondapa.

Muntu udi usama mmuntu udi ukenga ne disama, nansha bobu bamumanye anyi kabayi bamumanye. Padibu bapeta luondapu, badi bababikila ne: mubedi.

Makanda a mubidi ne masama bidi bipetangana ne malu adi enzeka mu bintu bidi ne muoyo ne malanda adi pankatshi pa bantu ne muaba udibu basombele. Pa tshibidilu, disama didi diumvuija bu tshintu tshidi tshibengangana ne makanda a mubidi, tshidi ne tshipeta tshibi tshidi tshifumina ku dishintuluka anyi dipanga dia diumvuangana dia bulongolodi kampanda ku tshitupa kayi tshionso (tshia molecule, tshia mubidi, tshia lungenyi, tshia mu lungenyi, ne bikuabu) tshia nsombelu wa mubidi anyi wa tshimuenekelu tshidibu bangata bu tshiakane, tshia bulongame anyi tshiakane. Bidi mua kumvuija bualu ebu bu dinyanguka dia homeostase.
[[Category:Wp/lua]]
{{INTERWIKI|q12136}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Anton Chekhov</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3521739</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305322</id>
      <parentid>7217546</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:32:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305322</origin>
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      <text bytes="1067" sha1="2wafptfnmccpr1gq0fudz75xosg23al" xml:space="preserve">'''Anton Pavlovich Chekhov''' (mu tshieena Russie: Антон Павлович Чехов[b],IPA:[ɐnˈton ˈpavləvjɪtɕ ˈtɕexəf];mulela mu dia matuku dia 29 ngondu wa tshiongu wa munanga mu tshidimu 1860 15 ngondu wa muandamutekete 1904) udi mufundi wa manaya wa mu Russie ne mufundi wa miyuki mikesa.
Anton Chekhov (1860-1904) uvua mufundi wa manaya wa mu Russie uvua mumanyike bikole. Badi bamumona bu umue wa ku bafundi banene ba miyuki mikese ne ya manaya a manaya a
manaya.Malu a mu nsombelu Anton Pavlovitch Chekhov uvua muledibue mu dia 29 ngondo wa kumpala mu 1860 mu tshimenga tshia Taganrog mu bukalenge bua Russie. Bena mu dîku diabu bavua bapele, ne uvua mukolele mu nsombelu mukole. Nansha nanku, wakatungunuka ne kulonga ne kuluaye doktere mu Iniversite wa mu [[Wp/lua/Moscou|Moscou]]. Pavuaye ulonga bu munganga 
,wakatuadija kufunda miyuki mikese bua kupeta makuta. Diakamue bakamanya ne: uvua mufundi wa mikanda.

[[File:Anton Chekhov 1889.jpg|160px|right]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]
[[Category:Wp/lua/Mìanda ya moyì wa muntu]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q5685}}</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305323</id>
      <parentid>7305322</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:32:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305323</origin>
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      <text bytes="1085" sha1="k9e5wr0v3aq83h2s3abkd2z2iu44s3i" xml:space="preserve">'''Anton Pavlovich Chekhov''' (mu tshieena [[Wp/lua/Russia|Russie]]: Антон Павлович Чехов[b],IPA:[ɐnˈton ˈpavləvjɪtɕ ˈtɕexəf];mulela mu dia matuku dia 29 ngondu wa tshiongu wa munanga mu tshidimu 1860 15 ngondu wa muandamutekete 1904) udi mufundi wa manaya wa mu Russie ne mufundi wa miyuki mikesa.
Anton Chekhov (1860-1904) uvua mufundi wa manaya wa mu Russie uvua mumanyike bikole. Badi bamumona bu umue wa ku bafundi banene ba miyuki mikese ne ya manaya a manaya a
manaya.Malu a mu nsombelu Anton Pavlovitch Chekhov uvua muledibue mu dia 29 ngondo wa kumpala mu 1860 mu tshimenga tshia Taganrog mu bukalenge bua Russie. Bena mu dîku diabu bavua bapele, ne uvua mukolele mu nsombelu mukole. Nansha nanku, wakatungunuka ne kulonga ne kuluaye doktere mu Iniversite wa mu [[Wp/lua/Moscou|Moscou]]. Pavuaye ulonga bu munganga 
,wakatuadija kufunda miyuki mikese bua kupeta makuta. Diakamue bakamanya ne: uvua mufundi wa mikanda.

[[File:Anton Chekhov 1889.jpg|160px|right]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]
[[Category:Wp/lua/Mìanda ya moyì wa muntu]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q5685}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Arabic</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3522580</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305360</id>
      <parentid>7287584</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:24:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
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      <text bytes="575" sha1="kp6fjams4g6skpf18vqjbyksag8l7yi" xml:space="preserve">'''Muakulu wa Arabe''' (mu tshiena Arabe: ٱلْعَرَبِيَّة, al-ʿarabiyya4 /al ⁇ araˈbiːa/Teleja) muakulu wa mu Afrike ne wa mu Asie wa mu dîku dia miakulu ya bena Sémites. Badi batshinka ne:bantu badi bakula tshiena Arabe badi pankatshi pa miliyo 4491 ne miliyo 4802.
Mu matunga a bena Arabe ne mu matunga adi bena Arabe basombele,tshiena Arabe ke muakulu wa bena Sémites udibu bakula bikole,kumpala kua tshiena Amharique (muakulu muibidi udibu bakula bible).
[[File:Languages of Israel.jpeg|300px|right]]
[[File:Arabic Dispersion.svg]]

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305361</id>
      <parentid>7305360</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:24:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305361</origin>
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      <text bytes="574" sha1="mixuizk2mkwd226bobwdaayc9859f4g" xml:space="preserve">'''Muakulu wa Arabe''' (mu tshiena Arabe: ٱلْعَرَبِيَّة, al-ʿarabiyya4 /al ⁇ araˈbiːa/Teleja) muakulu wa mu Afrike ne wa mu Asie wa mu dîku dia miakulu ya bena Sémites. Badi batshinka ne:bantu badi bakula tshiena Arabe badi pankatshi pa miliyo 4491 ne miliyo 4802.
Mu matunga a bena Arabe ne mu matunga adi bena Arabe basombele,tshiena Arabe ke muakulu wa bena Sémites udibu bakula bikole,kumpala kua tshiena Amharique(muakulu muibidi udibu bakula bible).
[[File:Languages of Israel.jpeg|300px|right]]
[[File:Arabic Dispersion.svg]]

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Bengali</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3522581</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305362</id>
      <parentid>7042279</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:25:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
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      <text bytes="573" sha1="pcgcehxazuj0he5al8nzxgk8ksdfhnk" xml:space="preserve">'''Tshienaa Bengale''', udibu babikila kabidi ne: Bangla (বাংলা, Bāṅlā,[ˈbaŋla] i),mmuakulu wa bena Indo-Arya wa mu dîku dia miakulu ya bena Indo-Europe udi mu tshitupa tshia Bengale mu [[Wp/lua/Asie|Asie]] wa ku Sud.Ne bantu bapite pa miliyo 237 badi bakula muakulu eu bu muakulu wabu wa ku tshilelelu ne bantu bakuabu miliyo 41 badi bakula muakulu eu bu muakulu muibidi mu tshidimu tshia 2024,[1] muakulu wa Bengali ke muakulu muibidi udi bantu ba bunyi bakula pa buloba bujima. Tshidi muakulu muisambombo wa mu Indo-Europe udi bantu ba bunyi bakula. 9].</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305364</id>
      <parentid>7305362</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:25:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305364</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="569" sha1="50jz0938fvkanck30ivuc0nve61f6at" xml:space="preserve">'''Tshienaa Bengale''', udibu babikila kabidi ne: Bangla (বাংলা, Bāṅlā,[ˈbaŋla] i),mmuakulu wa bena Indo-Arya wa mu dîku dia miakulu ya bena Indo-Europe udi mu tshitupa tshia Bengale mu [[Wp/lua/Asie|Asie]] wa ku Sud.Ne bantu bapite pa miliyo 237 badi bakula muakulu eu bu muakulu wabu wa ku tshilelelu ne bantu bakuabu miliyo 41 badi bakula muakulu eu bu muakulu muibidi mu tshidimu tshia 2024,[1] muakulu wa Bengali ke muakulu muibidi udi bantu ba bunyi bakula pa buloba bujima. Tshidi muakulu muisambombo wa mu Indo-Europe udi bantu ba bunyi bakula.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Chinese</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3522582</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305365</id>
      <parentid>7217547</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:25:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305365</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="856" sha1="o8td6zwyi72gchuhkqytquf7n394sx2" xml:space="preserve">'''Tshi Chinois''' mmîakulu ya mu Chine bu mudi tshiena '''Mandarin''',tshiena Wu ne tshiena Canton. Mu imue miaba, batu bakula miakulu mikuabu ya muaba awu. Bena mu Chine batu kabidi balonga miakulu mikuabu, nangananga Anglais ne tshiena Japon.

Muakulu mufunda (文, wén) udi muangatshibue bu udi mutambe kuikala wa pa buloba bujima, udi upita muakulu wa miakulu mishilashilangane.Muakulu wa kuakula utu misangu ya bungi ubikidibua ne: hanyu (汉语), anyi &quot;muakulu wa bena Han&quot;, nansha mudi bisamba bikuabu bimane kuwuangata ku kakese ku kakese. Miakulu mishilashilangane idi mua kuangatshibua bu muakulu (语, yǔ) anyi muakulu (tshiena-Chine: 方言; pinyin: fāngyán). Muaba wa muakulu bu muakulu anyi muakulu utu misangu ya bungi ujula bilumbu padiku kakuyi mifundu idi ileja mushindu wa kutela miaku.[[File:Lachinoise.jpeg]]

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305366</id>
      <parentid>7305365</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:26:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305366</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="855" sha1="fp2zbnhjpw9eowlyen59b9sdt9sf7ka" xml:space="preserve">'''Tshi Chinois''' mmîakulu ya mu Chine bu mudi tshiena '''Mandarin''',tshiena Wu ne tshiena Canton. Mu imue miaba, batu bakula miakulu mikuabu ya muaba awu. Bena mu Chine batu kabidi balonga miakulu mikuabu, nangananga Anglais ne tshiena Japon.

Muakulu mufunda (文, wén) udi muangatshibue bu udi mutambe kuikala wa pa buloba bujima, udi upita muakulu wa miakulu mishilashilangane.Muakulu wa kuakula utu misangu ya bungi ubikidibua ne: hanyu (汉语), anyi &quot;muakulu wa bena Han&quot;, nansha mudi bisamba bikuabu bimane kuwuangata ku kakese ku kakese. Miakulu mishilashilangane idi mua kuangatshibua bu muakulu (语, yǔ) anyi muakulu (tshiena-Chine: 方言; pinyin: fāngyán). Muaba wa muakulu bu muakulu anyi muakulu utu misangu ya bungi ujula bilumbu padiku kakuyi mifundu idi ileja mushindu wa kutela miaku.[[File:Lachinoise.jpg]]

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
      <sha1>fp2zbnhjpw9eowlyen59b9sdt9sf7ka</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305367</id>
      <parentid>7305366</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:26:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305367</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="832" sha1="0jfwlftmgvk95ngx135evn7udpa0swm" xml:space="preserve">'''Tshi Chinois''' mmîakulu ya mu Chine bu mudi tshiena '''Mandarin''',tshiena Wu ne tshiena Canton. Mu imue miaba, batu bakula miakulu mikuabu ya muaba awu. Bena mu Chine batu kabidi balonga miakulu mikuabu, nangananga Anglais ne tshiena Japon.

Muakulu mufunda (文, wén) udi muangatshibue bu udi mutambe kuikala wa pa buloba bujima, udi upita muakulu wa miakulu mishilashilangane.Muakulu wa kuakula utu misangu ya bungi ubikidibua ne: hanyu (汉语), anyi &quot;muakulu wa bena Han&quot;, nansha mudi bisamba bikuabu bimane kuwuangata ku kakese ku kakese. Miakulu mishilashilangane idi mua kuangatshibua bu muakulu (语, yǔ) anyi muakulu (tshiena-Chine: 方言; pinyin: fāngyán). Muaba wa muakulu bu muakulu anyi muakulu utu misangu ya bungi ujula bilumbu padiku kakuyi mifundu idi ileja mushindu wa kutela miaku.

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Asteroid</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3524147</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305306</id>
      <parentid>7213851</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:16:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisdanielkazadi</username>
        <id>2595299</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305306</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2372" sha1="qnb5nhfwym0z2s2o1zxzhdm1c8z4er3" xml:space="preserve">Tshidi:  '''mabulungu kapanda a makese makese''' aa mu maûlu adi mimanakana anyi adi enda anyemakana mu maûlu tshianana tshianana.
[[File:243 ida.jpg|250 px|right]]

Astéroïde (ufumina ku tshiena-Gelika tshia kale ἀστεροειδής / asteroeidḗs,&quot;bu mutoto&quot; i planete mukese muenza ne mabue, biamu,ne mabue a mashika,ne udi ne bunene bushilangane kubangila ku bulongame bua metre (tshipimu tshia dimanya dia lelu) too ne ku nkama ya kilometre.Dîna dia &quot;mu tshimfuanyi tshia mitoto&quot; didi difumina ku tshimuenekelu tshia mitoto tshidi tshimueneka bu tshia nsongo (tshidi katshiyi tshimanyike) mu teleskope, tshishilangane ne diske dia mitoto didi dimanyike,mu tshikondo tshia dikonkonona dia kumpala dia malu a mitoto.

Mu 1801,astéroide wa kumpala uvuabu bapete uvua ne dîna dia Ceres. 
[[File:Giuseppe Piazzi.jpg|250 px|right]]
tshinfuanyi tshia Giuseppe Piazzi,yeye ki wakajandula kadibulungu aka wakumpala.

Asteroide anyi kadibulungu katamba bunena mu tshitupa tshinena, tshisumbu tshinene tshia asteroide mu bungi bua bintu bimanyike (bipite pa 720,000 mu ngondo muinayi 2019,anyi pabuipi ne 750,000 kusangisha ne tshitupa tshia pabuipi [JPL 1]), tshidi pankatshi pa nseke ya Mars ne Jupiter. Ma asteroide adi pabuipi ne buloba (pabuipi ne 20,000 adi mamanyike mu ngondo muinayi 2019 [JPL 2]) adi enza tshisumbu tshibidi tshinene, adi asabuka njila wa buloba. Bisumbu bibidi ebi bidi ne 95% ya mitoto mikese idi mimanyike [JPL 3].   

Mitoto mikese idi pambelu pa Neptune itu imue misangu miangatshibue bu asteroide kadi idi kabidi mimanyike bikole ne mimanyike bu bintu bia trans-Neptune. Bulongolodi buabu budi ne mashika a bungi ne budi kabuyi ne biamu ne mabue, bienza bua ikale mifuanangane ne nuclei wa kometa. Bishilangane na mitoto ya mitoto, mitoto ya mitoto kayena ileja mudimu wa mitoto to. Ino, bakese badi bamone ne tshitupa tshia mudimu ne badi bababikila ne: asteroide idi yenza mudimu.   

Badi bela meji ne: mabulunge a muulu adi bishadile bia diske dia protoplanetaire didi kadiyi disangisha bua kulua mitoto.       

Imue mitoto idi pabuipi ne buloba idi miangatshibue bu idi mua kuikala ne njiwu bualu idi mua kutuilangana ne buloba. Badi balonda kudi biamu bidi bienza mudimu nkayabi, ne badi benza makebulula bua kumanya mushindu wa kubipambuisha. Bidi bikengela kufila meyi      


[[Category:Wp/lua]]
[[Category:Wp/lua/Dimanya]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Comet</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3524148</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305311</id>
      <parentid>7172740</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:23:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305311</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="398" sha1="edet465zxf0qasxylp3k421eyqwcqfo" xml:space="preserve">'''Mutotu wa abuenda''' Tshidi dibulungu didi dikenka ku pitshila ku divukana dia nejii idi pankatshi patshi,didi dikala bukwa diba tshidi ne bukenka kapanda.
pamue misangu anyi konsu eku utu upita nansha matuku anyi nvula makumi muanda muteketa pamue misangu anyi ampala a nkama ibidi.

[[File:Comet_Hale-Bopp_1995O1.jpg|thumb|]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]
[[Category:Wp/lua/Dimanya]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q3559}}</text>
      <sha1>edet465zxf0qasxylp3k421eyqwcqfo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Karate</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3524364</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304743</id>
      <parentid>6449645</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:53:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304743</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="309" sha1="bq9kw9dgxeq4mpi588ecm0ber581hjx" xml:space="preserve">'''Miseba''',dînayi Dia miseba Muena [[Wp/lua/Japan|Japon]]. Kadi, uvua mufumine mu bukalenge bua Ryūkyū, bukalenge bua kale buvua budikadile buakakuata kudi ditunga dia Japon mu 1879.

[[File:Karatedo.svg|160px|right]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]
[[Category:Wp/lua/Mìanda ya moyì wa muntu]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q11419}}</text>
      <sha1>bq9kw9dgxeq4mpi588ecm0ber581hjx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Milky Way</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3524850</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305313</id>
      <parentid>7172747</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:24:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305313</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="391" sha1="67xmsyc9qc92pmmvfby1zocyv0uxtos" xml:space="preserve">'''Divuba divungakana didi dikunguija bu kua mabulungu''', diodi edi ki mutudi tetu ba a paloba tusanganyibua,diba ne mikuabu mitooto,ne dikala ne divuba divungakana difika mu nkatshi nkatshi muadi.Diodi edi didi nyi mbombu nyi mbombu ya mitooto mitua ku 200 anyi 400.
[[File:ESO-VLT-Laser-phot-33a-07.jpg|250 px|right]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q1752705}}
[[Category:Wp/lua/Dimanya]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Sensory system</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3525792</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305300</id>
      <parentid>7070838</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:11:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisdanielkazadi</username>
        <id>2595299</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305300</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="347" sha1="0wjzax7om7zsqd8occ5o5xm9rf094i4" xml:space="preserve">'''Malu adi atangila tunungu tonsu tua masansakata''' aa mubidi ku tangila ndubulukilu wabi ne mushindu wa Ku bitabalela,ne ku babidia owu malu aha.
Tshiamu tshia mubidi tshidi tshienza mudimu wa kumvua ne tshidi ne bintu bidi biumvua, njila ya mijilu, ne bitupa bia buongo bidi ne mudimu wa kuenza mudimu ne malu adibu bumvua.
[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305301</id>
      <parentid>7305300</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:12:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisdanielkazadi</username>
        <id>2595299</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305301</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="399" sha1="psoolxolf4hpuau3chaxbt7sszw6jeq" xml:space="preserve">'''Malu adi atangila tunungu tonsu tua masansakata''' aa mubidi ku tangila ndubulukilu wabi ne mushindu wa Ku bitabalela,ne ku babidia owu malu aha.
Tshiamu tshia mubidi tshidi tshienza mudimu wa kumvua ne tshidi ne bintu bidi biumvua, njila ya mijilu, ne bitupa bia buongo bidi ne mudimu wa kuenza mudimu ne malu adibu bumvua.
[[File:1543,Vesalius'Fabrica,VisualSystem,V1.jpg]]

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Respiratory system</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3525797</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305305</id>
      <parentid>7070848</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:15:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisdanielkazadi</username>
        <id>2595299</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305305</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="482" sha1="dcrte6moc8o2in9zeg9ip3osiuqn5ow" xml:space="preserve">'''Mpuyakenu wa mubidi''',Tshidi nsangilu wa bitupa bionsu bia mubidi bidi ne kipatshila kà ku koka mupuyakenu bilenga anyi lupèpa lua mubidi.Biobi bitupa ébi ,bidi biambuluisha mubidi bua kupuyakana,ne udi wambuluisha kabidi bongu bua kuela mejii bilenga,ka kuyi lujoku too.Koku kakuyi lupèpa elu, lukumbana munda mua muntu,muntu ewu,mufuanyika ku kuluka mu diisàma anyi mufuanyika kufua ankabi.

[[File:Human_respiratory_system_pedagogical_fr.svg|thumb|]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Common cold</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3525988</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305372</id>
      <parentid>7070866</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:29:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305372</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="310" sha1="cu9v3quc8gjplx5vcx0sq5xot1esvkf" xml:space="preserve">'''Ntshimpumpu'''
(Mu nfalansa : La rhinopharyngite esthi nasopharyngite,babikila nangananga  '''rhume banal''') tshidi disama didi nangananga pa tshitupa tshia mubidi,diuulu.
Didi difuma kudi kishii kadi mu mulongu wa Picornaviridés, adénovirus esthi coronavirus.
[[File:Rhinovirus.PNG]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Pharmaceutical drug</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3528583</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305286</id>
      <parentid>7070877</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:01:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisdanielkazadi</username>
        <id>2595299</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305286</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="166" sha1="88o7fkuywj4q5o7m2wwzxw6f410wixo" xml:space="preserve">'''Buanga bua kamfuankolu''' Budi buanga budi bueenza kudi mamanya a panu apa , kuyitshila Ku bukebi-kebi .
[[File:VariousPills.jpg|400px|right]]

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Addiction</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3545784</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305368</id>
      <parentid>7070857</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:27:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305368</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="199" sha1="gnrrfq9j3z5mxyyrdnd7bsp690stag6" xml:space="preserve">
'''Dilamakana''','''kubenga dishikamina''',anyi disua divula dia kuambulula tshintu tshiamua misangu ya bunyi anyi matuku onsu kumbusha kipashila ne bukola bua kumbuka mu bualu.

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
      <sha1>gnrrfq9j3z5mxyyrdnd7bsp690stag6</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Dentistry</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3545788</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305373</id>
      <parentid>7070867</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:29:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305373</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="141" sha1="ot2bmbv8h8whih02t31g2zstexvr43s" xml:space="preserve"> 
'''Buumunganga budi bondowa meenu '''tshidi mishingu  wa buungangabuka budi bushintuluka bua diondowa masama aa meenu.

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
      <sha1>ot2bmbv8h8whih02t31g2zstexvr43s</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Ethanol</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3549788</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305285</id>
      <parentid>7070878</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:00:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisdanielkazadi</username>
        <id>2595299</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305285</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="729" sha1="ocg7z8bi4e4chqwmzg2sm1tbop8ftzp" xml:space="preserve">'''Ethanol''', anyi maluvu aa ethyl (Teleja) anyi maluvu mapepele, i maluvu adi ne formule wa CH3-CH2-OH.  I tshintu tshidi katshiyi ne dikala,tshidi tshinyanguka, tshidi mua kutema kapia ne tshidi mua kusambakena ne mayi mu mishindu yonso. I tshintu tshidi tshinyanga lungenyi, ne tshimue tshia ku bintu bia kale bia dijikija nabi lutetuku, mu mushindu wa maluvu makole.  Ethanol udi wenza mudimu mu midimu ya biakudia (nangananga bua dienza dia maluvu a mvinyo), mu dienza dia bintu bia mupuya muimpe ne mu manga (bu tshintu tshidi tshilengeja) ne kabidi mu biofuel (bioethanol).  Udi kabidi wenza mudimu mu biamu bia kupima nabi luya lua maluvu.
[[File:Ethanol Keilstrich.svg]]
[[File:Ethanol-3D-vdW.png]]

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Nicotine</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3549789</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305284</id>
      <parentid>7070879</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:00:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisdanielkazadi</username>
        <id>2595299</id>
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      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305284</origin>
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      <text bytes="732" sha1="pbt3jfto4cso3f2ad9r0vf91jcd77xo" xml:space="preserve">'''Nicotine''' tshidi  tshintu tshidi ne buanga tshidi tshifumina ku mutshi wa makanya (Nicotiana tabacum) udibu benza nende mudimu bu tshintu tshidi tshikolesha lungenyi,nangananga padibu bapuya muishi wa makanya. Nicotine udi wenza mudimu buludiludi ku tshitupa tshia mijilu;  Mudimu udibu babikila ne: “denicotinization” udi ufila mushindu wa kupatula tshitupa tshia molecule eu mu makanya (mudimu uvua ku ndekelu kua bidimu bia 1990, bilondeshile Novotny ne Zhao, uvua muenze bua bapatule kilo mitue ku miliyo nkama isatu ya nicotine kudi mudimu wa makanya8, bintu bia bukoya bidibu bapeta mu mishindu mishilashilangane).

[[Category:Wp/lua]]
[[File:Nicotine molecule ball from xtal.png|300px|right]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q28086552}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Tobacco</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3549793</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305283</id>
      <parentid>7070881</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:59:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chrisdanielkazadi</username>
        <id>2595299</id>
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      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305283</origin>
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      <text bytes="831" sha1="i1yvzsphf02t6qfazo0ibyfvjymqicx" xml:space="preserve">𝗧𝗔𝗕𝗔𝗖
Makanya tshidi  tshintu tshienza ne mabeji a mitshi ya makanya (Nicotiana tabacum),tshintu tshidi tshifumina mu Amerike tshidi mu tshisumbu tshia mitshi tshia Nicotiana (diku: Solanaceae).

Dikuatshika dia makanya diakatangalaka pa buloba bujima kunyima kua dipeta dia ditunga dia Amerike. Disumbisha diawu didi dikoleshibua kudi midimu ya makanya (dilombola dia mbulamatadi mu amue matunga) ne didi dilomba bitadi bidi bishilangane bikole bilondeshile ditunga.

 Makanya adi akuatshisha bantu bikole ne dinua diawu didi dishipa bantu bapite pa miliyo 8 ku tshidimu pa buloba bujima, ne bantu miliyo 1,2 ba kudibu mbantu badi kabayi banua makanya badibu banua makanya (passive smoking)1.  Masama a bungi adi afumina ku dinua dia makanya (masama a mutshima ne a kansere, ne makuabu kabidi).

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Headache</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3550573</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305384</id>
      <parentid>7070882</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:45:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305384</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="550" sha1="mtma5cni8nskfgflua61jmgger75z0r" xml:space="preserve">'''Disama dia mutu''', didi dimanyike bu disama dia tshiadi, ndisama dia muaba kampanda didibu bumvua mu tshifu anyi imue misangu kunyima kua nshingu. Disama edi didi mua kuikala dia ku luseke, misangu ya bungi dia ku luseke lumue, anyi dia kutangalaka ne dia bantu bonso. Didi dimueneka mu mishindu mishilashilangane, bu mudi diumvua dia dikuma anyi dikuma, dikuma, difina, diosha, dikuma, dikuma ne nshinga, anyi ditshibula [citation needed]; ne udi uya pamue ne dikola dia diumvua dia mutoyi ne butoke, misangu ya bungi bidi bifikisha ku dilekela.</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305385</id>
      <parentid>7305384</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:46:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305385</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="572" sha1="c045eg5wilg4ojeau8rlxk3rsk9lrmh" xml:space="preserve">'''Disama dia mutu''', didi dimanyike bu disama dia tshiadi, ndisama dia muaba kampanda didibu bumvua mu tshifu anyi imue misangu kunyima kua nshingu. Disama edi didi mua kuikala dia ku luseke, misangu ya bungi dia ku luseke lumue, anyi dia kutangalaka ne dia bantu bonso. Didi dimueneka mu mishindu mishilashilangane, bu mudi diumvua dia dikuma anyi dikuma, dikuma, difina, diosha, dikuma, dikuma ne nshinga, anyi ditshibula [citation needed]; ne udi uya pamue ne dikola dia diumvua dia mutoyi ne butoke, misangu ya bungi bidi bifikisha ku dilekela.
[[File:Migraine.jpg]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305386</id>
      <parentid>7305385</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:47:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hortensembuyi</username>
        <id>2696347</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305386</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="584" sha1="cegfqmm8fy8t3rhuemijz9w5h0kjnos" xml:space="preserve">'''Disama dia mutu''', didi dimanyike bu disama dia tshiadi, ndisama dia muaba kampanda didibu bumvua mu tshifu anyi imue misangu kunyima kua nshingu. Disama edi didi mua kuikala dia ku luseke, misangu ya bungi dia ku luseke lumue, anyi dia kutangalaka ne dia bantu bonso. Didi dimueneka mu mishindu mishilashilangane, bu mudi diumvua dia dikuma anyi dikuma, dikuma, difina, diosha, dikuma, dikuma ne nshinga, anyi ditshibula [citation needed]; ne udi uya pamue ne dikola dia diumvua dia mutoyi ne butoke, misangu ya bungi bidi bifikisha ku dilekela.
[[File:Migraine.jpg|160px|right]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/mfa/Wikipèdiya:Kotok pasé</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3559345</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304749</id>
      <parentid>7299451</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:55:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mirlim</username>
        <id>2598865</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pindoh gi [[Wp/mfa/Mesejék Mukéng Batu Gajoh]]</comment>
      <origin>7304749</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7429" sha1="hf9c7v62d2boz8vhsmmi503w4c2n0qh" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/mfa/Ppalo kotok pasé}}
[[Category:Wp/mfa]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q3938}}
&lt;!--Jangae padae ggapo-ggapo atah ni--&gt;

=Nok prilae &quot;makno asa&quot;=
[[Wp/mfa/Badok brendae|sakgi]] [[Wp/mfa/Merck toch hoe sterck|la]] [[Wp/mfa/Kècèk_Èstoniya|tamboh]]
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| [[Wp/mfa/Tók koték|tók koték]].{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|khatib}} || [[Wp/mfa/Keteboh|Keteboh]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Kècèk Cino Venèkulo|Kècèk Cino Venèkulo]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|Vernakular}} || [[Wp/mfa/Taiwae|Taiwae]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Asiya Lék Tegaro Mariténg|Asiya Lék Tegaro Mariténg]].{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|Asia Tenggara Maritim}} || [[Wp/mfa/Taiwae|Taiwae]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Kedutoae de facto|kedutoae nga konsulak{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|konsulat}} ''de facto'']] || [[Wp/mfa/Taiwae|Taiwae]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Petuwo|petuwo]].{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|fatwa}} || [[Wp/mfa/Mupeti|Mupeti]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Soh|soh]].{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|sos}} || [[Wp/mfa/Ubi stèlo|Ubi stèlo]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Kepitisae|kepitisae]],{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|kewangan}} || [[Wp/mfa/Pèrih|Pèrih]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Besi tepo|besi tepo]],{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|tempa}} || [[Wp/mfa/Menaro Eiffel|Menaro Eiffel]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Dèk prati|dèk prati]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|observation deck|link=https://prpm.dbp.gov.my/Cari1?keyword=dek+tinjau+observation+deck&amp;d=371752&amp;#LIHATSINI}} || [[Wp/mfa/Menaro Eiffel|Menaro Eiffel]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Lih|lih]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|lift}} || [[Wp/mfa/Menaro Eiffel|Menaro Eiffel]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Halebo|halebo]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|halba}} || [[Wp/mfa/Buté nako|Buté nako]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Proting|proting]].{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|protein}} || [[Wp/mfa/Teló|Teló]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Róng|róng]].{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|batas}} || [[Wp/mfa/Cok|Cok]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Moro|moro]],{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|muara}} || [[Wp/mfa/Selók|Selók]], [[Wp/mfa/Kapóng Jenók|Kapóng Jenók]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Jóng katóng|katóng]],{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|kartunis}} || [[Wp/mfa/Sudirman Arshad|Sudirman Arshad]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Grejo Lutereng Èstoniya|Lutereng]] {{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|Lutheranisme}} || [[Wp/mfa/Èstoniya|Èstoniya]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Pègenisma|pègeng]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|pagan}}  || [[Wp/mfa/Èstoniya|Èstoniya]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Kaji sètipik|kaji sètipik]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|saintifik}} || [[Wp/mfa/Bèloji|Bèloji]], [[Wp/mfa/Botani|Botani]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Sè (bèloji)|sè]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|sel}} || [[Wp/mfa/Bèloji|Bèloji]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Jèng|jèng]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|gen}} || [[Wp/mfa/Bèloji|Bèloji]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Homèyostasih|homèyostasih]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|homeostasis}} || [[Wp/mfa/Bèloji|Bèloji]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Sarjeng panji|sarjeng panji]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|colour sergeant|link=https://prpm.dbp.gov.my/Cari1?keyword=colour+sergeant&amp;d=382696&amp;#LIHATSINI}} || [[Wp/mfa/Adnan Saidi|Adnan Saidi]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Umbak Ibu Negaro Seoul|Umbak Ibu Negaro Seoul]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|Seoul Metropolitan Area}} || [[Wp/mfa/Korèya Lék Ulu|Korèya Lék Ulu]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Hèpokoté|hèpokoté]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|hipokotil}} || [[Wp/mfa/Kacae camboh|Kacae camboh]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Paehae ssamo|paehae ssamo]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|''mutually intelligible''}} || [[Wp/mfa/Kècèk Cino Kapóng|Kècèk Cino Kapóng]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Daóng kesóng|daóng kesóng]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|daun kesum}} || [[Wp/mfa/Laksae|Laksae]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Pensé|pènsé]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|pensel}} || [[Wp/mfa/Ggorèk|Ggorèk]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Halebae|kayu llebae]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|halban}} || [[Wp/mfa/Nangga|Nangga]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Kiyuk|kiyuk]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|kiub}} || [[Wp/mfa/Èwok|Èwok]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Baireh|baireh]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|virus}} || [[Wp/mfa/Bèksing|Bèksing]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Fiyuda|fiyuda]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|feudal}} || [[Wp/mfa/Bako rajo|Bako rajo]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Ayak èktih|ayak èktih]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|ayat aktif}} || [[Wp/mfa/Ayak pèsih|Ayak pèsih]]
|-
| [[:w:ms:Konsonan hentian|hurók nnetuk]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|letupan}} || [[Wp/mfa/Wikipèdiya:Èjoae|Wikipèdiya:Èjoae]]
|}

=[[Wp/mfa/Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh|Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh]]=

=[[Wp/mfa/Hat Yai|Hat Yai]]=
{{Wp/mfa/Infobox settlement
| name = Hat Yai
| official_name = Banda Rayo Hat Yai&lt;br /&gt;{{Wp/mfa/Nobold|{{Wp/mfa/Lang|th|เทศบาลนครหาดใหญ่}}}}
| native_name = หาดใหญ่
| native_name_lang = th
| settlement_type = Umbak pebandarae{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|Municipality}}
| image_seal = Seal of Hat Yai.png
| nickname =
| motto = 
| image_skyline = May 2025 - Hat Yai City Skyline view from Khao Kho Hong viewpoint.jpg
| image_size = 
| image_caption = Pemandaenge Hat Yai dari atah
| pushpin_map = Thailand
| pushpin_mapsize = 250
| pushpin_map_caption = Location Hat Yai in [[Wp/mfa/Thailand|Thailand]]
| pushpin_label_position = 
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[Wp/mfa/Thailand|Thailand]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Wp/mfa/Provinces of Thailand|Province]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Wp/mfa/Songkhla province|Songkhla]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Wp/mfa/List of districts of Thailand|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Wp/mfa/Hat Yai district|Hat Yai]]
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type = City Municipality
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Sakhorn Thongmunee
| established_title = Subdistrict&lt;br /&gt;municipality
| established_date = 10 December 1935
| established_title1 = Town&lt;br /&gt;municipality
| established_date1 = 16 March 1949
| established_title2 = City&lt;br /&gt;municipality
| established_date2 = 24 September 1995
| unit_pref = metric
| area_footnotes = 
| area_magnitude = 
| area_rank = 21st
| area_total_km2 = 21.00
| area_land_km2 = 20.50
| area_water_km2 = 0.50
| area_total_sq_mi = 8.20
| area_land_sq_mi = 8.00
| area_water_sq_mi = 0.20
| area_water_percent = 2.38
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m = 
| population_as_of = 2024
| population_rank = 4th in Thailand
| population_footnotes = &lt;ref name=&quot;TDD&quot;&gt;{{Wp/mfa/Cite web |url=http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/statnew/statTDD/ |title=รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ศ.2562 |date=31 December 2019 |department=Registration Office Department of the Interior, Ministry of the Interior |language=th |trans-title=Statistics, population and house statistics for the year 2019 |access-date=10 March 2020 |archive-date=June 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614102009/http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/statnew/statTDD/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_note = 
| population_total = 191,696
| population_density_km2 = 9,128
| population_density_sq_mi = 
| coordinates = {{Wp/mfa/Coord|7|1|N|100|28|E|region:TH|display=inline,title}}
| timezone = [[Wp/mfa/UTC+07:00|ICT]]
| utc_offset = +7
| postal_code_type = [[Wp/mfa/Postal codes in Thailand|Postcode]]
| postal_code = 90110
| area_code_type = [[Wp/mfa/Telephone numbers in Thailand|Calling code]]
| area_code = 074
| blank_name = Airport
| blank_info = [[Wp/mfa/Hat Yai International Airport|IATA: HDY&lt;br /&gt;ICAO: VTSS]]
| website = [http://www.hatyaicity.go.th/frontpage/ hatyaicity.go.th]
| footnotes = 
| translit_lang1_info1 = 
| translit_lang1_type1 = 
| translit_lang1_info2 = {{Wp/mfa/Lang|zh-hans|合艾}} {{Wp/mfa/Font|size=70%|([[Wp/mfa/Simplified Chinese characters|Simplified]])}}
| translit_lang1_type2 = [[Wp/mfa/Chinese language|Chinese]]
| translit_lang1 = Other
| area_urban_km2 = 852.796
| area_urban_sq_mi = 329.266
| population_urban = 406,513
| population_urban_footnotes = (2024)
| population_metro = 650,000
}}</text>
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&lt;!--Jangae padae ggapo-ggapo atah ni--&gt;

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&lt;!--Jangae padae ggapo-ggapo atah ni--&gt;

=[[Wp/mfa/Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh|Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh]]=

Batu Gajoh nyo kato wujuk doh lebéh dari 500 tahóng dulu</text>
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&lt;!--Jangae padae ggapo-ggapo atah ni--&gt;

=[[Wp/mfa/Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh|Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh]]=

Batu Gajoh nyo kato wujuk doh lebéh dari 500 tahóng dulu. Orae crito dulu gak ssitu hutae teba sajo, penuh nga menatae aya;{{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|aya|suponly=1}} nok gi ssano keno dalae {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|grepok}} rama orae nok wi slamak.</text>
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&lt;!--Jangae padae ggapo-ggapo atah ni--&gt;

=[[Wp/mfa/Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh|Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh]]=

Batu Gajoh nyo kato wujuk doh lebéh dari 500 tahóng dulu. Orae crito dulu gak ssitu hutae teba sajo, penuh nga menatae aya;{{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|aya|suponly=1}} nok gi ssano keno dalae {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|grepok}} rama orae nok wi slamak.

Ado {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|sjulóng}} ari tu, anok rajo dari [[Wp/mfa/Gerik|Gerik]] mari nok bburu gajoh putéh kih nyo ccayo banyok ado ssitu.</text>
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{{INTERWIKI|Q3938}}
&lt;!--Jangae padae ggapo-ggapo atah ni--&gt;

=[[Wp/mfa/Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh|Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh]]=

Batu Gajoh nyo kato wujuk doh lebéh dari 500 tahóng dulu. Orae crito dulu gak ssitu hutae teba sajo, penuh nga menatae aya;{{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|aya|suponly=1}} nok gi ssano keno dalae {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|grepok}} rama orae nok wi slamak.

Ado {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|sjulóng}} ari tu, anok rajo dari [[Wp/mfa/Gerik|Gerik]] mari nok bburu gajoh putéh kih nyo ccayo banyok ado ssitu. Tapi gak, tok jjupo sèko abók póng gajoh walapóng rombóngae tu lamo doh dók ssitu. Nngelah-ngelah pakak brèhak la so tepak hok slamak</text>
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{{INTERWIKI|Q3938}}
&lt;!--Jangae padae ggapo-ggapo atah ni--&gt;

=[[Wp/mfa/Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh|Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh]]=

Batu Gajoh nyo kato wujuk doh lebéh dari 500 tahóng dulu. Orae crito dulu gak ssitu hutae teba sajo, penuh nga menatae aya;{{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|aya|suponly=1}} nok gi ssano keno dalae {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|grepok}} rama orae nok wi slamak.

Ado {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|sjulóng}} ari tu, anok rajo dari [[Wp/mfa/Gerik|Gerik]] mari nok bburu gajoh putéh kih nyo ccayo banyok ado ssitu. Tapi gak, tok jjupo sèko abók póng gajoh walapóng rombóngae tu lamo doh dók ssitu. Nngelah-ngelah pakak cari la tepak slamak sikik nok brèhak.</text>
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{{INTERWIKI|Q3938}}
&lt;!--Jangae padae ggapo-ggapo atah ni--&gt;

=[[Wp/mfa/Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh|Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh]]=

Batu Gajoh nyo kato wujuk doh lebéh dari 500 tahóng dulu. Orae crito dulu gak ssitu hutae teba sajo, penuh nga menatae aya;{{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|aya|suponly=1}} nok gi ssano keno dalae {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|grepok}} rama orae nok wi slamak.

Ado {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|sjulóng}} ari tu, anok rajo dari [[Wp/mfa/Gerik|Gerik]] mari nok bburu gajoh putéh kih nyo ccayo banyok ado ssitu. Tapi gak, tok jjupo sèko abók póng gajoh walapóng rombóngae tu lamo doh dók ssitu. Nngelah-ngelah pakak cari la tepak slamak sikik nok brèhak. Pah llamo jjalae tu, jjupo la so tepak hok ado sumbo aé nga sbuté batu {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|besa jreguk}} srupo gajoh.</text>
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{{INTERWIKI|Q3938}}
&lt;!--Jangae padae ggapo-ggapo atah ni--&gt;

=[[Wp/mfa/Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh|Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh]]=

Batu Gajoh nyo kato wujuk doh lebéh dari 500 tahóng dulu. Orae crito dulu gak ssitu hutae teba sajo, penuh nga menatae aya;{{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|aya|suponly=1}} nok gi ssano keno dalae {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|grepok}} rama orae nok wi slamak.

Ado {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|sjulóng}} ari tu, anok rajo dari [[Wp/mfa/Gerik|Gerik]] mari nok bburu gajoh putéh kih nyo ccayo banyok ado ssitu. Tapi gak, tok jjupo sèko abók póng gajoh walapóng rombóngae tu lamo doh dók ssitu. Nngelah-ngelah pakak cari la tepak slamak sikik nok brèhak. Pah llamo jjalae tu, jjupo la so tepak hok ado sumbo aé nga sbuté batu {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|besa jreguk}} srupo gajoh.

Lepah brapo ari dók brèhak, rombóngae tu sambóng mmula nok bburu gajoh putéh.</text>
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{{INTERWIKI|Q3938}}
&lt;!--Jangae padae ggapo-ggapo atah ni--&gt;

=[[Wp/mfa/Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh|Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh]]=

Batu Gajoh nyo kato wujuk doh lebéh dari 500 tahóng dulu. Orae crito dulu gak ssitu hutae teba sajo, penuh nga menatae aya;{{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|aya|suponly=1}} nok gi ssano keno dalae {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|grepok}} rama orae nok wi slamak.

Ado {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|sjulóng}} ari tu, anok rajo dari [[Wp/mfa/Gerik|Gerik]] mari nok bburu gajoh putéh kih nyo ccayo banyok ado ssitu. Tapi gak, tok jjupo sèko abók póng gajoh walapóng rombóngae tu lamo doh dók ssitu. Nngelah-ngelah pakak cari la tepak slamak sikik nok brèhak. Pah llamo jjalae tu, jjupo la so tepak hok ado sumbo aé nga sbuté batu {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|besa jreguk}} srupo gajoh.

Lepah brapo ari dók brèhak, rombóngae tu sambóng mmula nok bburu gajoh putéh. Pah jjalae jaóh, baru pakak kaba anok rajo tu takdok skali nga sèk yo.</text>
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[[Category:Wp/mfa]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q3938}}
&lt;!--Jangae padae ggapo-ggapo atah ni--&gt;

=[[Wp/mfa/Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh|Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh]]=

Batu Gajoh nyo kato wujuk doh lebéh dari 500 tahóng dulu. Orae crito dulu gak ssitu hutae teba sajo, penuh nga menatae aya;{{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|aya|suponly=1}} nok gi ssano keno dalae {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|grepok}} rama orae nok wi slamak.

Ado {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|sjulóng}} ari tu, anok rajo dari [[Wp/mfa/Gerik|Gerik]] mari nok bburu gajoh putéh kih nyo ccayo banyok ado ssitu. Tapi gak, tok jjupo sèko abók póng gajoh walapóng rombóngae tu lamo doh dók ssitu. Nngelah-ngelah pakak cari la tepak slamak sikik nok brèhak. Pah llamo jjalae tu, jjupo la so tepak hok ado sumbo aé nga sbuté batu {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|besa jreguk}} srupo gajoh.

Lepah brapo ari dók brèhak, rombóngae tu sambóng mmula nok bburu gajoh putéh. Pah jjalae jaóh, baru pakak kaba anok rajo tu takdok skali nga sèk yo. Panglimo Abdullah hok jóng ppalo rombóngae tu {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|kenaléng}} ko slamak nyo anok rajo tu.</text>
      <sha1>9wwk1q82mvzow9csutbsyz6o832c9q1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304836</id>
      <parentid>7304834</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:52:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mirlim</username>
        <id>2598865</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh */</comment>
      <origin>7304836</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1182" sha1="nwdb6dkcrdpdukakbdvvy1i2tb7xazr" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/mfa/Ppalo kotok pasé}}
[[Category:Wp/mfa]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q3938}}
&lt;!--Jangae padae ggapo-ggapo atah ni--&gt;

=[[Wp/mfa/Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh|Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh]]=

Batu Gajoh nyo kato wujuk doh lebéh dari 500 tahóng dulu. Orae crito dulu gak ssitu hutae teba sajo, penuh nga menatae aya;{{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|aya|suponly=1}} nok gi ssano keno dalae {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|grepok}} rama orae nok wi slamak.

Ado {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|sjulóng}} ari tu, anok rajo dari [[Wp/mfa/Gerik|Gerik]] mari nok bburu gajoh putéh kih nyo ccayo banyok ado ssitu. Tapi gak, tok jjupo sèko abók póng gajoh walapóng rombóngae tu lamo doh dók ssitu. Nngelah-ngelah pakak cari la tepak slamak sikik nok brèhak. Pah llamo jjalae tu, jjupo la so tepak hok ado sumbo aé nga sbuté batu {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|besa jreguk}} srupo gajoh.

Lepah brapo ari dók brèhak, rombóngae tu sambóng mmula nok bburu gajoh putéh. Pah jjalae jaóh, baru pakak kaba anok rajo tu takdok skali nga sèk yo. Panglimo Abdullah hok jóng ppalo rombóngae tu {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|kenaléng}} ko slamak nyo anok rajo tu. Diyo póng suróh orae-orae rombóngae tu cari anok rajo nak-nak ceruk hutae, tapu gak tok jjupo jugok.</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304841</id>
      <parentid>7304836</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:55:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mirlim</username>
        <id>2598865</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh */</comment>
      <origin>7304841</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1320" sha1="9c7merdsbsvokdup4ij4f7uqy8w69t0" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/mfa/Ppalo kotok pasé}}
[[Category:Wp/mfa]]
{{INTERWIKI|Q3938}}
&lt;!--Jangae padae ggapo-ggapo atah ni--&gt;

=[[Wp/mfa/Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh|Kapóng Batu Gajoh, Tanoh Meroh]]=

Batu Gajoh nyo kato wujuk doh lebéh dari 500 tahóng dulu. Orae crito dulu gak ssitu hutae teba sajo, penuh nga menatae aya;{{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|aya|suponly=1}} nok gi ssano keno dalae {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|grepok}} rama orae nok wi slamak.

Ado {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|sjulóng}} ari tu, anok rajo dari [[Wp/mfa/Gerik|Gerik]] mari nok bburu gajoh putéh kih nyo ccayo banyok ado ssitu. Tapi gak, tok jjupo sèko abók póng gajoh walapóng rombóngae tu lamo doh dók ssitu. Nngelah-ngelah pakak cari la tepak slamak sikik nok brèhak. Pah llamo jjalae tu, jjupo la so tepak hok ado sumbo aé nga sbuté batu {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|besa jreguk}} srupo gajoh.

Lepah brapo ari dók brèhak, rombóngae tu sambóng mmula nok bburu gajoh putéh. Pah jjalae jaóh, baru pakak kaba anok rajo tu takdok skali nga sèk yo. Panglimo Abdullah hok jóng ppalo rombóngae tu {{Wp/mfa/Wtsup|kenaléng}} ko keslamaktae anok rajo tu. Diyo póng suróh orae-orae rombóngae tu cari anok rajo nak-nak ceruk hutae, kèk nyo gak tok jjupo jugok.

Dalae sbulae jugok baru jjupo anok rajo tu, tu póng takdok pasa-pasa buléh nyo jjupo dók ddiri atah batu besa srupo gajoh sakni.</text>
      <sha1>9c7merdsbsvokdup4ij4f7uqy8w69t0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/kamba (peuple des Congos et d'Angola)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3572014</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304771</id>
      <parentid>6567909</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:02:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304771</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="243" sha1="78nyln4dpsi97gk0jfhksh2zq8g3w8l" xml:space="preserve">'''Bena Kamba''' (anyi Bakamba) badi bantu ba mu Afrike wa pankatshi badi basombele mu ditunga dia Congo, dia République démocratique du Congo, dia République centrafricaine ne dia Angola. Badi mu kasumbu ka bena Congo.

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
      <sha1>78nyln4dpsi97gk0jfhksh2zq8g3w8l</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304772</id>
      <parentid>7304771</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:02:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304772</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="263" sha1="pr6kxli5h7nxarcs64mra7gli07sxy2" xml:space="preserve">'''Bena Kamba''' (anyi Bakamba) badi bantu ba mu [[Wp/lua/Afilìka|Afrike]] wa pankatshi badi basombele mu ditunga dia Congo, dia République démocratique du Congo, dia République centrafricaine ne dia Angola. Badi mu kasumbu ka bena Congo.

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
      <sha1>pr6kxli5h7nxarcs64mra7gli07sxy2</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304776</id>
      <parentid>7304772</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:03:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304776</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="306" sha1="0o3dth7xwo0ub58iv8asfa6qhox132a" xml:space="preserve">'''Bena Kamba''' (anyi Bakamba) badi bantu ba mu [[Wp/lua/Afilìka|Afrike]] wa pankatshi badi basombele mu ditunga dia Congo, dia [[Wp/lua/Ditunga dia Kongu wa Mungalaata|République démocratique du Congo]], dia République centrafricaine ne dia Angola. Badi mu kasumbu ka bena Congo.

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
      <sha1>0o3dth7xwo0ub58iv8asfa6qhox132a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/mergen</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3574989</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304928</id>
      <parentid>6873517</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:57:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304928</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3161" sha1="n8m0pjegnc9gept0jdhc4bzk106wbid" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ}} (mergen)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''mergen'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/mergen|mergen]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''mergen'''
 
=== gebsun === 
# 
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', uyuci debtelin, coohai gungge -i šošohon jai, aba saha -i hacin, ilaci (meyen):
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷九·武功部二·畋獵類·第三（則）
#:[[Wt/mnc/abalara|abalara]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/goibure|goibure]] [[Wt/mnc/fulu|fulu]], [[Wt/mnc/butara|butara]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/bahara|bahara]] [[Wt/mnc/labdu|labdu]], [[Wt/mnc/geren|geren]] [[Wt/mnc/ci|ci]] [[Wt/mnc/lakcaha|lakcaha]] [[Wt/mnc/niyalma|niyalma]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/mergen|mergen]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', juwan emuci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon jai, sure mergen -i hacin: 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷十一·人部二·聰智類
#:[[Wt/mnc/sure|sure]] [[Wt/mnc/dacun|dacun]] [[Wt/mnc/niyalma|niyalma]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/mergen|mergen]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ]]}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/善|善]][[Wt/mnc/獵|獵]][[Wt/mnc/人|人]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', uyuci debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe: 1772: 14 (ici), 15 (hashū)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ]]}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/善|善]][[Wt/mnc/獵|獵]][[Wt/mnc/人|人]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷九[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本: 1772: 14 (右), 15 (左).
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ]]}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/智|智]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', juwan emuci debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe: 1772: 51 (hashū), 51 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ]]}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/智|智]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷十一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本: 1772: 51 (左), 51 (右).

----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|m]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|m]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|m]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|m]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, uyuci debtelin|m]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan emuci debtelin|m]]</text>
      <sha1>n8m0pjegnc9gept0jdhc4bzk106wbid</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304938</id>
      <parentid>7304928</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:12:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304938</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3496" sha1="9fr2fr3l0wdqjhy88iajue2uyvw7qvu" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ}} (mergen)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''mergen'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/mergen|mergen]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''mergen'''
 
=== mudan ===
*([[Wt/mnc/ilan boo|ilan boo]]) IPA: /ˌmərˈkən/ ([[Wt/mnc/mergen#cohotoi_gebsun|cohotoi gebsun 1.]])

=== gebsun === 
# 
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', uyuci debtelin, coohai gungge -i šošohon jai, aba saha -i hacin, ilaci (meyen):
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷九·武功部二·畋獵類·第三（則）
#:[[Wt/mnc/abalara|abalara]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/goibure|goibure]] [[Wt/mnc/fulu|fulu]], [[Wt/mnc/butara|butara]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/bahara|bahara]] [[Wt/mnc/labdu|labdu]], [[Wt/mnc/geren|geren]] [[Wt/mnc/ci|ci]] [[Wt/mnc/lakcaha|lakcaha]] [[Wt/mnc/niyalma|niyalma]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/mergen|mergen]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', juwan emuci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon jai, sure mergen -i hacin: 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷十一·人部二·聰智類
#:[[Wt/mnc/sure|sure]] [[Wt/mnc/dacun|dacun]] [[Wt/mnc/niyalma|niyalma]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/mergen|mergen]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].

=== cohotoi gebsun ===
# [[:zh:嫩江县|嫩江县]] -i nenehe gebu. (daci bithei dorgide uthai uttu)

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ]]}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/善|善]][[Wt/mnc/獵|獵]][[Wt/mnc/人|人]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', uyuci debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe: 1772: 14 (ici), 15 (hashū)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ]]}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/善|善]][[Wt/mnc/獵|獵]][[Wt/mnc/人|人]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷九[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本: 1772: 14 (右), 15 (左).
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ]]}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/智|智]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', juwan emuci debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe: 1772: 51 (hashū), 51 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ]]}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/智|智]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷十一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本: 1772: 51 (左), 51 (右).
* 戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 246. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.

----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|m]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|m]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|m]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|m]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, uyuci debtelin|m]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, juwan emuci debtelin|m]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304949</id>
      <parentid>7304938</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:20:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304949</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3496" sha1="1vcl3nxgtkka50a3sbvzbu63rs76f0t" xml:space="preserve">== manju hergen be latinocilame forgošobuhangge == 
*[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ere tohon be gidaci manjurame araha '''{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ}} (mergen)''' gebungge justan be hūlaci ombi.]]

=== hergen === 
manju hergen: {{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|'''ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ'''}}
:Möllendorff durun: '''mergen'''
:abkai durun: '''[[Wt/mnc/mergen|mergen]]'''
:ice manju nikan durun: '''mergen'''
 
=== mudan ===
*([[Wt/mnc/ilan boo|ilan boo]]) IPA: /ˌmərˈkən/ ([[Wt/mnc/mergen#cohotoi_gebsun|cohotoi gebsun 1.]])

=== gebsun === 
# 
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', uyuci debtelin, coohai gungge -i šošohon jai, aba saha -i hacin, ilaci (meyen):
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷九·武功部二·畋獵類·第三（則）
#:[[Wt/mnc/abalara|abalara]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/goibure|goibure]] [[Wt/mnc/fulu|fulu]], [[Wt/mnc/butara|butara]] [[Wt/mnc/de|de]] [[Wt/mnc/bahara|bahara]] [[Wt/mnc/labdu|labdu]], [[Wt/mnc/geren|geren]] [[Wt/mnc/ci|ci]] [[Wt/mnc/lakcaha|lakcaha]] [[Wt/mnc/niyalma|niyalma]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/mergen|mergen]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].
#
#:''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', juwan emuci debtelin, niyalmai šošohon jai, sure mergen -i hacin: 
#:《御製增訂清文鑑》卷十一·人部二·聰智類
#:[[Wt/mnc/sure|sure]] [[Wt/mnc/dacun|dacun]] [[Wt/mnc/niyalma|niyalma]] [[Wt/mnc/be|be]], '''[[Wt/mnc/mergen|mergen]]''' [[Wt/mnc/sembi|sembi]].

=== cohotoi gebsun ===
# [[:zh:嫩江县|嫩江县]] -i nenehe gebu. (daci bithei dorgide uthai uttu)

=== aisilara bithe cagan ===
&lt;references/&gt;
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ]]}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/善|善]][[Wt/mnc/獵|獵]][[Wt/mnc/人|人]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', uyuci debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 14 (ici), 15 (hashū)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ]]}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/善|善]][[Wt/mnc/獵|獵]][[Wt/mnc/人|人]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷九[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 14 (右), 15 (左).
* daicing gurun -i g'aodzung yongkiyangga hūwangdi hesei banjibuha, fuheng se hese be dahame banjibuha. &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ]]}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/智|智]]&quot;, ''han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe'', juwan emuci debtelin[M]. beging: šu tunggu asari -i duin namun yooni bithe. 1772: 51 (hashū), 51 (ici)
: 清高宗敕撰, 傅恒等修纂.  &quot;{{Wt/mnc/MongolUnicode|lang=mnc|[[Wt/mnc/ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ|ᠮᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ]]}}&quot;, &quot;[[Wt/mnc/智|智]]&quot;, 御製增訂清文鑑.卷十一[M]. 北京: 文淵閣四庫全書本. 1772: 51 (左), 51 (右).
* 戴光宇. 三家子满语语音研究[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社: 2012: 246. ISBN: 978-7-301-21268-4.

----
[[Category:Wt/mnc|n]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun|m]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gibsun|m]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun -i gebsun|m]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe|m]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/han -i araha nonggime toktobuha manju gisun -i buleku bithe, uyuci debtelin|m]]
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A Gaana Tuubaalʋŋ (Nansaarɩɩ: Ahmadiyya Muslim Community) ɩyɛ sɩlaamayɛ kpɔŋ yiiluŋ daana aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Ghana|Ghana]] a yi Sunni Sɩlaamayɛ puori. Tuubaalʋŋ da piilee a yuoni 1889, British India paalʋŋ. A halɩɩfa yiiluŋ wɔgɩrɩ nɩ la baŋ da waanɩŋ mɩsɩnaarɩ fɔrɔ kaŋa baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Abdul Rahim Nayyar|Abdul Rahim Nayyar]] a Gaana paalʋŋ baŋ da bʋɔna ka [[Wp/wlx/Gold Coast|Gold Coast]] a yuoni 1921 puoŋ. Sunni Sɩlaama-biihi aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Saltpond|Saltpond]] da bʋɔmʋʋ. Wɔgɩrɩ nɩ Nayyar aŋ da waanɩŋ ana sɩlaamaayɛ ŋa a paalʋʋŋ baahɩ nɩ chɛ da yi a paalʋʋ ka mɩsɩnaarɩ jaala baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim|Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim]] mɩŋ da wa a paaluu a yuoni 1922.

Pew Research Center wuliyeŋ ka Tuubaahɩ jaa aŋ bɩ Ghana paalʋʋ puo ɩyɛ nʋba 635,000, kɔɔ puoŋ baŋ ɩ 16.5% a yi a Gaana Sɩlaamayɛ puoŋ, chɛ la ɩ awo 2.5% a yi a Gaana nɩnsaalɩba jaa puoŋ. Chɛ nɔkpɩɛnɩ bɩyɛ a sɔrɩbʋ ŋa puoŋ bojuŋ, ba maŋ yɛlɩŋ ka ba tʋɔŋ sɔrɩ sɩlaama-biihi jaa (a paahɩ tuubaahɩ), a Tuubaalʋŋ yoŋ tarɛɛ nʋba tɩ ta awo mɩlɩyɔŋ ayi.

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A Gaana Tuubaalʋŋ (Nansaarɩɩ: Ahmadiyya Muslim Community) ɩyɛ sɩlaamayɛ kpɔŋ yiiluŋ daana aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Ghana|Ghana]] a yi Sunni Sɩlaamayɛ puori. Tuubaalʋŋ da piilee a yuoni 1889, British India paalʋŋ. A halɩɩfa yiiluŋ wɔgɩrɩ nɩ la baŋ da waanɩŋ mɩsɩnaarɩ fɔrɔ kaŋa baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Abdul Rahim Nayyar|Abdul Rahim Nayyar]] a Gaana paalʋŋ baŋ da bʋɔna ka [[Wp/wlx/Gold Coast|Gold Coast]] a yuoni 1921 puoŋ. Sunni Sɩlaama-biihi aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Saltpond|Saltpond]] da bʋɔmʋʋ. Wɔgɩrɩ nɩ Nayyar aŋ da waanɩŋ ana sɩlaamaayɛ ŋa a paalʋʋŋ baahɩ nɩ chɛ da yi a paalʋʋ ka mɩsɩnaarɩ jaala baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim|Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim]] mɩŋ da wa a paaluu a yuoni 1922.

Pew Research Center wuliyeŋ ka Tuubaahɩ jaa aŋ bɩ Ghana paalʋʋ puo ɩyɛ nʋba 635,000, kɔɔ puoŋ baŋ ɩ 16.5% a yi a Gaana Sɩlaamayɛ puoŋ, chɛ la ɩ awo 2.5% a yi a Gaana nɩnsaalɩba jaa puoŋ. Chɛ nɔkpɩɛnɩ bɩyɛ a sɔrɩbʋ ŋa puoŋ bojuŋ, ba maŋ yɛlɩŋ ka ba tʋɔŋ sɔrɩ sɩlaama-biihi jaa (a paahɩ tuubaahɩ), a Tuubaalʋŋ yoŋ tarɛɛ nʋba tɩ ta awo mɩlɩyɔŋ ayi.

[[Category:Wp/wlx]]

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A '''Gaana Tuubaalʋŋ''' (Nansaarɩɩ: Ahmadiyya Muslim Community) ɩyɛ sɩlaamayɛ kpɔŋ yiiluŋ daana aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Ghana|Ghana]] a yi Sunni Sɩlaamayɛ puori. Tuubaalʋŋ da piilee a yuoni 1889, British India paalʋŋ. A halɩɩfa yiiluŋ wɔgɩrɩ nɩ la baŋ da waanɩŋ mɩsɩnaarɩ fɔrɔ kaŋa baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Abdul Rahim Nayyar|Abdul Rahim Nayyar]] a Gaana paalʋŋ baŋ da bʋɔna ka [[Wp/wlx/Gold Coast|Gold Coast]] a yuoni 1921 puoŋ. Sunni Sɩlaama-biihi aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Saltpond|Saltpond]] da bʋɔmʋʋ. Wɔgɩrɩ nɩ Nayyar aŋ da waanɩŋ ana sɩlaamaayɛ ŋa a paalʋʋŋ baahɩ nɩ chɛ da yi a paalʋʋ ka mɩsɩnaarɩ jaala baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim|Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim]] mɩŋ da wa a paaluu a yuoni 1922.

Pew Research Center wuliyeŋ ka Tuubaahɩ jaa aŋ bɩ Ghana paalʋʋ puo ɩyɛ nʋba 635,000, kɔɔ puoŋ baŋ ɩ 16.5% a yi a Gaana Sɩlaamayɛ puoŋ, chɛ la ɩ awo 2.5% a yi a Gaana nɩnsaalɩba jaa puoŋ. Chɛ nɔkpɩɛnɩ bɩyɛ a sɔrɩbʋ ŋa puoŋ bojuŋ, ba maŋ yɛlɩŋ ka ba tʋɔŋ sɔrɩ sɩlaama-biihi jaa (a paahɩ tuubaahɩ), a Tuubaalʋŋ yoŋ tarɛɛ nʋba tɩ ta awo mɩlɩyɔŋ ayi.

[[Category:Wp/wlx]]

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A '''Gaana Tuubaalʋŋ''' (Nansaarɩɩ: Ahmadiyya Muslim Community) ɩyɛ sɩlaamayɛ kpɔŋ yiiluŋ daana aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Ghana|Ghana]] a yi Sunni Sɩlaamayɛ puori. Tuubaalʋŋ da piilee a yuoni 1889, British India paalʋŋ. A halɩɩfa yiiluŋ wɔgɩrɩ nɩ la baŋ da waanɩŋ mɩsɩnaarɩ fɔrɔ kaŋa baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Abdul Rahim Nayyar|Abdul Rahim Nayyar]] a Gaana paalʋŋ baŋ da bʋɔna ka [[Wp/wlx/Gold Coast|Gold Coast]] a yuoni 1921 puoŋ. Sunni Sɩlaama-biihi aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Saltpond|Saltpond]] da bʋɔmʋʋ. Wɔgɩrɩ nɩ Nayyar aŋ da waanɩŋ ana sɩlaamaayɛ ŋa a paalʋʋŋ baahɩ nɩ chɛ da yi a paalʋʋ ka mɩsɩnaarɩ jaala baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim|Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim]] mɩŋ da wa a paaluu a yuoni 1922.

Pew Research Center wuliyeŋ ka Tuubaahɩ jaa aŋ bɩ Ghana paalʋʋ puo ɩyɛ nʋba 635,000, kɔɔ puoŋ baŋ ɩ 16.5% a yi a Gaana Sɩlaamayɛ puoŋ, chɛ la ɩ awo 2.5% a yi a Gaana nɩnsaalɩba jaa puoŋ. Chɛ nɔkpɩɛnɩ bɩyɛ a sɔrɩbʋ ŋa puoŋ bojuŋ, ba maŋ yɛlɩŋ ka ba tʋɔŋ sɔrɩ sɩlaama-biihi jaa (a paahɩ tuubaahɩ), a Tuubaalʋŋ yoŋ tarɛɛ nʋba tɩ ta awo mɩlɩyɔŋ ayi.

[[Category:Wp/wlx]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q24943424}}</text>
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A '''Gaana Tuubaalʋŋ''' (Nansaarɩɩ: Ahmadiyya in Ghana) ɩyɛ sɩlaamayɛ kpɔŋ yiiluŋ daana aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Ghana|Ghana]] a yi Sunni Sɩlaamayɛ puori. Tuubaalʋŋ da piilee a yuoni 1889, British India paalʋŋ. A halɩɩfa yiiluŋ wɔgɩrɩ nɩ la baŋ da waanɩŋ mɩsɩnaarɩ fɔrɔ kaŋa baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Abdul Rahim Nayyar|Abdul Rahim Nayyar]] a Gaana paalʋŋ baŋ da bʋɔna ka [[Wp/wlx/Gold Coast|Gold Coast]] a yuoni 1921 puoŋ. Sunni Sɩlaama-biihi aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Saltpond|Saltpond]] da bʋɔmʋʋ. Wɔgɩrɩ nɩ Nayyar aŋ da waanɩŋ ana sɩlaamaayɛ ŋa a paalʋʋŋ baahɩ nɩ chɛ da yi a paalʋʋ ka mɩsɩnaarɩ jaala baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim|Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim]] mɩŋ da wa a paaluu a yuoni 1922.

Pew Research Center wuliyeŋ ka Tuubaahɩ jaa aŋ bɩ Ghana paalʋʋ puo ɩyɛ nʋba 635,000, kɔɔ puoŋ baŋ ɩ 16.5% a yi a Gaana Sɩlaamayɛ puoŋ, chɛ la ɩ awo 2.5% a yi a Gaana nɩnsaalɩba jaa puoŋ. Chɛ nɔkpɩɛnɩ bɩyɛ a sɔrɩbʋ ŋa puoŋ bojuŋ, ba maŋ yɛlɩŋ ka ba tʋɔŋ sɔrɩ sɩlaama-biihi jaa (a paahɩ tuubaahɩ), a Tuubaalʋŋ yoŋ tarɛɛ nʋba tɩ ta awo mɩlɩyɔŋ ayi.

[[Category:Wp/wlx]]

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A '''Gaana Tuubaalʋŋ''' (Nansaarɩɩ: Ahmadiyya in Ghana) ɩyɛ sɩlaamayɛ kpɔŋ yiiluŋ daana aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Ghana|Ghana]] a yi Sunni Sɩlaamayɛ puori. Tuubaalʋŋ da piilee a yuoni 1889, British India paalʋŋ. A halɩɩfa yiiluŋ wɔgɩrɩ nɩ la baŋ da waanɩŋ mɩsɩnaarɩ fɔrɔ kaŋa baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Abdul Rahim Nayyar|Abdul Rahim Nayyar]] a Gaana paalʋŋ baŋ da bʋɔna ka [[Wp/wlx/Gold Coast|Gold Coast]] a yuoni 1921 puoŋ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20160305081804/http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:1208/datastream/OBJ/view&lt;/ref&gt; Sunni Sɩlaama-biihi aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Saltpond|Saltpond]] da bʋɔmʋʋ. Wɔgɩrɩ nɩ Nayyar aŋ da waanɩŋ ana sɩlaamaayɛ ŋa a paalʋʋŋ baahɩ nɩ chɛ da yi a paalʋʋ ka mɩsɩnaarɩ jaala baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim|Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim]] mɩŋ da wa a paaluu a yuoni 1922.

Pew Research Center wuliyeŋ ka Tuubaahɩ jaa aŋ bɩ Ghana paalʋʋ puo ɩyɛ nʋba 635,000, kɔɔ puoŋ baŋ ɩ 16.5% a yi a Gaana Sɩlaamayɛ puoŋ, chɛ la ɩ awo 2.5% a yi a Gaana nɩnsaalɩba jaa puoŋ.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20170126060051/http://www.pewforum.org/files/2012/08/the-worlds-muslims-full-report.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Chɛ nɔkpɩɛnɩ bɩyɛ a sɔrɩbʋ ŋa puoŋ bojuŋ, ba maŋ yɛlɩŋ ka ba tʋɔŋ sɔrɩ sɩlaama-biihi jaa (a paahɩ tuubaahɩ), a Tuubaalʋŋ yoŋ tarɛɛ nʋba tɩ ta awo mɩlɩyɔŋ ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Teŋkoriŋ yɛla ==

=== ʋ waanɩbʋ ===
Ka ɩnaŋ kaa Tuubaalʋŋ waa a Gaana paalʋʋ puoŋ, yɛlɩ jamaa la ɩ a yi saŋa nɩ a tuubaalʋŋ sɩlaamayɛ gbuli aŋ wa a yuoni 1889 a British India paalʋŋ.  
[[Category:Wp/wlx]]

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A '''Gaana Tuubaalʋŋ''' (Nansaarɩɩ: Ahmadiyya in Ghana) ɩyɛ sɩlaamayɛ kpɔŋ yiiluŋ daana aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Ghana|Ghana]] a yi Sunni Sɩlaamayɛ puori. Tuubaalʋŋ da piilee a yuoni 1889, British India paalʋŋ. A halɩɩfa yiiluŋ wɔgɩrɩ nɩ la baŋ da waanɩŋ mɩsɩnaarɩ fɔrɔ kaŋa baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Abdul Rahim Nayyar|Abdul Rahim Nayyar]] a Gaana paalʋŋ baŋ da bʋɔna ka [[Wp/wlx/Gold Coast|Gold Coast]] a yuoni 1921 puoŋ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20160305081804/http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:1208/datastream/OBJ/view&lt;/ref&gt; Sunni Sɩlaama-biihi aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Saltpond|Saltpond]] da bʋɔmʋʋ. Wɔgɩrɩ nɩ Nayyar aŋ da waanɩŋ ana sɩlaamaayɛ ŋa a paalʋʋŋ baahɩ nɩ chɛ da yi a paalʋʋ ka mɩsɩnaarɩ jaala baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim|Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim]] mɩŋ da wa a paaluu a yuoni 1922.

Pew Research Center wuliyeŋ ka Tuubaahɩ jaa aŋ bɩ Ghana paalʋʋ puo ɩyɛ nʋba 635,000, kɔɔ puoŋ baŋ ɩ 16.5% a yi a Gaana Sɩlaamayɛ puoŋ, chɛ la ɩ awo 2.5% a yi a Gaana nɩnsaalɩba jaa puoŋ.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20170126060051/http://www.pewforum.org/files/2012/08/the-worlds-muslims-full-report.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Chɛ nɔkpɩɛnɩ bɩyɛ a sɔrɩbʋ ŋa puoŋ bojuŋ, ba maŋ yɛlɩŋ ka ba tʋɔŋ sɔrɩ sɩlaama-biihi jaa (a paahɩ tuubaahɩ), a Tuubaalʋŋ yoŋ tarɛɛ nʋba tɩ ta awo mɩlɩyɔŋ ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Teŋkoriŋ yɛla ==

=== ʋ waanɩbʋ ===
Ka ɩnaŋ kaa Tuubaalʋŋ waa a Gaana paalʋʋ puoŋ, yɛlɩ jamaa la ɩ a yi saŋa nɩ a tuubaalʋŋ sɩlaamayɛ gbuli aŋ wa a yuoni 1889 a British India paalʋŋ. Anaajaa ka sɩlaamayɛ da ɩyɛ fɩɩŋ a Kɔmbɔŋ paalʋʋ sɛŋ a 19th sɛŋchɩrɩ wɔgɩrɩ, chɛ a Fantɩhɩ da piilee sɩlaamayɛ a yuoni 1885 ana paalʋʋ ŋaŋ.  

== Tarɩjiihi ==
[[Category:Wp/wlx]]

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A '''Gaana Tuubaalʋŋ''' (Nansaarɩɩ: Ahmadiyya in Ghana) ɩyɛ sɩlaamayɛ kpɔŋ yiiluŋ daana aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Ghana|Ghana]] a yi Sunni Sɩlaamayɛ puori. Tuubaalʋŋ da piilee a yuoni 1889, British India paalʋŋ. A halɩɩfa yiiluŋ wɔgɩrɩ nɩ la baŋ da waanɩŋ mɩsɩnaarɩ fɔrɔ kaŋa baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Abdul Rahim Nayyar|Abdul Rahim Nayyar]] a Gaana paalʋŋ baŋ da bʋɔna ka [[Wp/wlx/Gold Coast|Gold Coast]] a yuoni 1921 puoŋ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20160305081804/http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:1208/datastream/OBJ/view&lt;/ref&gt; Sunni Sɩlaama-biihi aŋ bɩ [[Wp/wlx/Saltpond|Saltpond]] da bʋɔmʋʋ. Wɔgɩrɩ nɩ Nayyar aŋ da waanɩŋ ana sɩlaamaayɛ ŋa a paalʋʋŋ baahɩ nɩ chɛ da yi a paalʋʋ ka mɩsɩnaarɩ jaala baŋ bʋɔna [[Wp/wlx/Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim|Al-Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim]] mɩŋ da wa a paaluu a yuoni 1922.

Pew Research Center wuliyeŋ ka Tuubaahɩ jaa aŋ bɩ Ghana paalʋʋ puo ɩyɛ nʋba 635,000, kɔɔ puoŋ baŋ ɩ 16.5% a yi a Gaana Sɩlaamayɛ puoŋ, chɛ la ɩ awo 2.5% a yi a Gaana nɩnsaalɩba jaa puoŋ.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20170126060051/http://www.pewforum.org/files/2012/08/the-worlds-muslims-full-report.pdf&lt;/ref&gt; Chɛ nɔkpɩɛnɩ bɩyɛ a sɔrɩbʋ ŋa puoŋ bojuŋ, ba maŋ yɛlɩŋ ka ba tʋɔŋ sɔrɩ sɩlaama-biihi jaa (a paahɩ tuubaahɩ), a Tuubaalʋŋ yoŋ tarɛɛ nʋba tɩ ta awo mɩlɩyɔŋ ayi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Teŋkoriŋ yɛla ==

=== ʋ waanɩbʋ ===
Ka ɩnaŋ kaa Tuubaalʋŋ waa a Gaana paalʋʋ puoŋ, yɛlɩ jamaa la ɩ a yi saŋa nɩ a tuubaalʋŋ sɩlaamayɛ gbuli aŋ wa a yuoni 1889 a British India paalʋŋ. Anaajaa ka sɩlaamayɛ da ɩyɛ fɩɩŋ yaga a Kɔmbɔŋ paalʋʋ sɛŋ a 19th sɛŋchɩrɩ wɔgɩrɩ,&lt;ref&gt;Fisher, Humphrey (1963). ''Ahmadiyyah: A study in Contemporary Islam on the West African Coast''. Oxford University Press.&lt;/ref&gt; chɛ a Fantɩhɩ da piilee sɩlaamayɛ a yuoni 1885 ana paalʋʋ ŋaŋ.&lt;ref&gt;https://books.google.com/books?id=tpnaeupe4gkC&amp;pg=PR1&lt;/ref&gt;  

== Tarɩjiihi ==
[[Category:Wp/wlx]]

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[[File:The Sun by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly of NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory - 20100819.jpg|thumb|شمس]]

=== النطق ===
*IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|}}

=== اسم {{Wt/arz/fem}} ===
#هى كوره ضخمه متوهجه موجوده فى نص [[Wt/arz/نظام شمسى|النظام الشمسى]] و بتمد ال[[Wt/arz/الارض|ارض]] بال[[Wt/arz/طاقه|طاقه]] بصورها المختلفه زى ال[[Wt/arz/النور|نور]] و ال[[Wt/arz/حراره|حراره]].الشمس بتعتبر [[Wt/arz/نجمه|نجمه]] من ضمن 100 مليون نجمه موجوده فى [[Wt/arz/مجره|مجره]] [[Wt/arz/درب اللبانه|درب اللبانه]].
{{Wt/arz/Wikipedia2|arz|شمس}}

{{Wt/arz/عربى}}

=== النطق ===
*IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|/ʃams/}}

=== اسم ===
#[[Wt/arz/شمس|شمس]]

{{Wt/arz/المغربيه الحديثه}}

=== النطق ===
*IPA: {{Wt/arz/IPA|/ʃams/}}

=== اسم ===
#[[Wt/arz/شمش|شمش]]
[[Category:wt/arz]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/bom/Suga</title>
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      <id>7305091</id>
      <parentid>7116497</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:39:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CHENG REX</username>
        <id>2607725</id>
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      <comment>/* */</comment>
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'''Sûga''' A se mwâd (rwas) de tumal e nuyel yaga to Chomo yaga sey vwel me, Sûga a se mwâd gep vwel. 

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q1250916}}</text>
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        <id>2607725</id>
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'''Jɛrɛ''': A se gabik ke pye de ba gyep, ke pye de yasē sâp. Ka se di mwâd shila da nerat, vit a ye banen, ko wot tok ye wogo ye ase jerê. A se gabik Dagwi.

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q1151419}}</text>
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    <id>3618593</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:27:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
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      <comment>rhymes</comment>
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      <text bytes="1153" sha1="6izmzv0u5g3xmj3lu3lqrihecek7elp" xml:space="preserve">{{Wt/cbk-zam/lema
| lema = entrada
| lenguaje = cbk
| parte_de_discurso = Sustantivo
| etiqueta_de_uso = Comun
| definicion_1 = un [[lugar]] o [[puerta]] para entra na un [[establecimiento]] o [[edificio]] como [[bazaar]], [[tiangue]], [[ayuntamiento]] y mucho pa otro
| ejemplo_1 = Tiene x-ray scanning el '''entrada''' del KCC para el seguridad del maga compoblanos.
| etiqueta_de_uso_2 = Comun
| definicion_2 = el [[lema]] de un [[palabra]] junto con de este [[definicion]] y [[identificacion]]
| ejemplo_2 = Man ayudahan kita escribi y aumenta maga '''entrada''' de palabra para na Wikcionario del Chavacano de Zamboanga!
| acento = entráda
| silabificacion = {{Wt/cbk-zam/cbk-sil|en|tra|da}}
| variante = Zamboangueño
| imagen = TWG Tea shop entrance in Singapore.jpg
| parte_de_discurso_2 = Verbo
| etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_1 = comun
| definicion_pos2_1 = el [[accion]] para [[entra]] el un [[cosa]] o [[persona]], y tambien el [[muestra]] de [[talento]] o [[actuacion]] de un [[participante]] na un [[concurso]]
| ejemplo_pos2_1 = Bien pulido y suave man gayod el '''entrada''' de suyo!
| rima = {{Wt/cbk-zam/rima|a|da}}
}}

[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam]]</text>
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Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', erigaana okwegeita haagati y'abantu ab'ekikula kimwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kyireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaheebwa ekibonerezo ky'okukomwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti ya Ssemateeka ya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kyikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegeita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe  mu Uganda mu ggwanga. Konka kirimu ebiragiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q7877583}}
Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', eriranga okwegeita haagati y'abantu ab'ekikula kimwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kyireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaheebwa ekibonerezo ky'okukomwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti ya Ssemateeka ya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kyikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegeita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe  mu Uganda mu ggwanga. Konka kirimu ebiragiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

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Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', eriranga okwegaita haagati y'abantu ab'ekikula kimwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kyireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaheebwa ekibonerezo ky'okukomwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti ya Ssemateeka ya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kyikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegeita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe  mu Uganda mu ggwanga. Konka kirimu ebiragiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', eriranga okwegaita haagati y'abantu abobuhangwa kimwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kyireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaheebwa ekibonerezo ky'okukomwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti ya Ssemateeka ya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kyikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegeita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe  mu Uganda mu ggwanga. Konka kirimu ebiragiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', eriranga okwegaita haagati y'abantu abobuhangwa bumwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kyireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaheebwa ekibonerezo ky'okukomwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti ya Ssemateeka ya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kyikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegeita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe  mu Uganda mu ggwanga. Konka kirimu ebiragiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', eriranga okwegaita haagati y'abantu ab'obuhangwa bumwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kyireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaheebwa ekibonerezo ky'okukomwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti ya Ssemateeka ya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kyikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegeita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe  mu Uganda mu ggwanga. Konka kirimu ebiragiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

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Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', eriranga okwegaita haagati y'abantu ab'obuhangwa bumwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaheebwa ekibonerezo ky'okukomwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti ya Ssemateeka ya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kyikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegeita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe  mu Uganda mu ggwanga. Konka kirimu ebiragiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', eriranga okwegaita haagati y'abantu ab'obuhangwa bumwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaba oku komwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti ya Ssemateeka ya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kyikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegeita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe  mu Uganda mu ggwanga. Konka kirimu ebiragiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', eriranga okwegaita haagati y'abantu ab'obuhangwa bumwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaba oku komwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti yamateeka eya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kyikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegeita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe  mu Uganda mu ggwanga. Konka kirimu ebiragiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', eriranga okwegaita haagati y'abantu ab'obuhangwa bumwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaba oku komwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti yamateeka eya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegeita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe  mu Uganda mu ggwanga. Konka kirimu ebiragiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

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Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', eriranga okwegaita haagati y'abantu ab'obuhangwa bumwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaba oku komwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti yamateeka eya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegaita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe  mu Uganda mu ggwanga. Konka kirimu ebiragiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', eriranga okwegaita haagati y'abantu ab'obuhangwa bumwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaba oku komwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti yamateeka eya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegaita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'obuhangwa bumwe omu Uganda mu ggwanga. Konka kirimu ebiragiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', eriranga okwegaita haagati y'abantu ab'obuhangwa bumwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaba oku komwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti yamateeka eya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegaita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'obuhangwa bumwe omu Uganda . Konka kirimu ebiragiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', eriranga okwegaita haagati y'abantu ab'obuhangwa bumwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaba oku komwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti yamateeka eya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegaita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'obuhangwa bumwe omu Uganda . Kwonka kirimu ebiragiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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        <username>Anthony senior citizen</username>
        <id>2609058</id>
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Eiteeka eririkurwaniisa ebitingwa omu  mwaka gwa '''2014'''  n'eiteeka eryaresirwe Pariyamenti  ya Uganda ebiro 20 ,okwezi kwa ikumi nibiri omu mwaka gwa '''2013''', eriranga okwegaita haagati y'abantu ab'obuhangwa bumwe. Ekikorwa eki kikaba kireetwa &quot;Kill the Gays bill&quot; mu mahurire g'amahanga g'obugwanjuba  by'ekibonerezo ky'okufa ebyatebekanisiize  empindura ensya, kwonka okuruga enyima ekibonerezo kikahindurwa Kandi kyaba oku komwa amagara gaawe goona. Eiteeka eri rikasharwamu omukono gw'omwebembezi w'eihanga rya Uganda Yoweri Museveni  ebiro 24 okwezi kwa  kabiiri omwaka gwa '''2014'''. Kwonka ekiro 1 ky'omwaka gwa '''2014''', kooti yamateeka eya Uganda ekasharamu eiteeka eritaine makuru omu nshonga ezi erakora.

Ekikogwa eki kikeyongyera kuzamu emishango y'okwegaita kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'obuhangwa bumwe omu Uganda . Kwonka kirimu ebiragiiro ebirakwata  aha  bantu abari aheeru ya Uganda kandi abarajunanizibwa okumanya eiteeka  eryo, nk'oku baragamba ngu bariija okusiiga omu Uganda okubonerezibwa okwo. Eiteeka eri ririmu ebibonerezo ebi abantu ssekinnoomu, amakampane n'ebitongore by'obwannakyewa ebirayaamba  omu kukora by'okwegadanga okw'ekikula kimwe omu n'okufumbiriganwa kw'abashaija n'abakazi ab'ekikula kimwe .Okugaita ahari ekyo, eiteeka riramanyiisa gavumenti ya Uganda okushazamu obweyamo bw'ensi yoona n'obw'ekitundu bw'elaba ng'obutagasa amateeka gaayo. Okukwataniisa omu kikula kureeba kirahenda  amateeka mu Uganda okuruga mu bufuzi bw'amatwale  nga bwe kiri mu mahaanga ga Africa maingi naddala agaari amatwale ga Bungereza  konka eiteeka eri terinnayisibwa, bara  bonerezibwa n'okusibwa mu kyihome okumara emyaaka 14. Eiteeka eri rikatogozibwa  ebbago ry'eiteeka erirarwanisa ebitingwa omu mwaka gwa '''2009''' omwebembezi  wa paariyamenti (MP) David Bahati (National Resistance Movement) ebiro 14 Okw'Ikimi omu mwaka gwa '''2009'''. 

Ekitiiso eky'omuhendo eky'okureeta eiteeka eri kyiketwa okwezi enyimaho rw'oruteerane rw'enaku  ibiri orw'abaire aha ba krisitaayo bashatu okuruga omu United States barahamiza ngu ebitiigwa bya bulabe eri amaka ga Africa .Kwonka abantu b'ensi yoona baajumirira eiteeka eryo ngu balumiriza gavumenti ya Uganda okukubiriza abantu okwenyigira mu bikolwa eby'obukambwe nga bakozesa eiteeka eryo. America yassaawo envumbo omu Uganda omu mwaka gwa '''2014 okwa mushanju''' wang'eyanukula eiteeka eryo, Banka y'ensi yoona yaayongezaayo okwewola obukadde bwa doora 90 eri Uganda eya gavumenti ya Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden na Norway yaayemereza obuyambi  oburi Uganda haaza burahakaniisa  eiteeka eryo; gavumenti ya Uganda yaaragiira eiteeka eryo keep nkonka eranga oku rijumiriura, ng'ab'obuyinza mu ggwanga bagamba nti Pulezidenti Eshonga ez'amaani zaategeezezza nti ekikorwa kino kyongedde obukyayi bw'abasajja abaarenda ebisiyaga mu Uganda n'okukubaganya ebirowoozo okukikwatako. Abandi baragamba ngu ebikorwa by'amateeka nke'byo biraruga ku kuba nti bannabyabufuzi bareeka ebitiigwa, ekintu ekirakoresibwa okutambura  eby'etaago by'abakulembeze b'eby'obufuzi mu ngeri y'okubona obuganzi oba okubawugula okuruga omu micwe z'oburi bw'enguzi. 

Pariyaamenti yaahisya ebbago rye rimwe omu mwaka gwa '''2021''' kuhisya '''2023''': ebbago ry'eiteeka erirakwata aha kumanya kw'amateeka mu by'okwegaita omu mwaka gwa '''2019''', eryayisibwa omu kw'akataano omu mwaka gwa '''2021.''' Rirahakaniisa Purezidenti Yoweri Museveni n'eiteka erirarwaniisa ebitiigwa omu mwaka gwa '''2023'''.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q7877583}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/nyn/Abakiga</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3619921</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304915</id>
      <parentid>7304200</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:46:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Heading</comment>
      <origin>7304915</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3867" sha1="1eu4lalxcw5fn5hz5xw8l8xv9t1jqs2" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q804430}}

'''Abakiga''' (''abantu b'omu nshozi''), n'Oruganda rw'abantu, oruraruga omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] hamwe n'omu matemba ga Rwanda.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/bakiga.html AFRICA | 101 Last Tribes - Bakiga people]&quot;. ''www.101lasttribes.com''. Retrieved 2024-01-12.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/how-bakiga-migrated-from-rwanda-to-kabale-1690602 How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]&quot;. ''Monitor''. 2021-01-09. Retrieved 2024-01-23.&lt;/ref&gt; 
== Oburugo ==
[[File:Bakiga dance.png|thumb|''Bakiga'' ]]
Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba baarugire [[Wp/nyn/Rwanda|Rwanda]]. Eki kiragambwaho omuri kimwe aha byeshongoro byabo eby'enzaarwa. Abakiga boona bakaruga Rwanda omuri Byumba na Ruhengyere. Byumba na Ruhengyere n'endembo eziri omuri Rwanda obwa hati.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;&quot;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/PeoplePower/How-Bakiga-migrated-from-Rwanda-to-Kabale/689844-3836608-udasqhz/index.html How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Retrieved 2020-05-30.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://eastafricanwatch.net/read-about-the-unique-bakiga-tribe-of-western-uganda/ Read about the unique Bakiga tribe of Western Uganda - The East African Watch]&quot;. 2022-09-22. Retrieved 2024-01-12.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210121213807/http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html THE BAKIGA | Uganda Travel Guide]&quot;. ''Uganda Travel Guide &amp;#x7C; Uganda's Leading Travel Guiding''. 2014-08-06. Archived from [http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html the original] on 2021-01-21. Retrieved 2024-02-04.&lt;/ref&gt; Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba nibo baijukuru ba Kashiga, owaijire kwetwa Kakiga bwanyima. Kiragambwa ngu ni mutabani wa Mbogo kuruga omu bugabe bwa Bumbogo obwa Rwanda owaafurukiire omu kicweka ky'amashuuma g'Oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda) akatandikaho ekicweka ekiriho hati ekya Bakiga ba Kigezi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;     

Omu mwaka gwa1700 gutakahikire, Rwanda  ekatwarwa Abatwa, abaahererukire kwegaitwaho Abahutu. Rwanda omu bwire obwo ekaba erimu amahanga makye n'obutegyeki bukye buri kukwataniisa aha nsi y'omutegyeki omwe ohu bareeta '''Mwami'''. Akaba aramanywa '''nk'Omukama.'''&lt;ref&gt;Uzoigwe, G. N.; Denoon, Donald (1975). &quot;A History of Kigezi in South-West Uganda&quot;. ''The International Journal of African Historical Studies''. '''8''': 16. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/217613|10.2307/217613]]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]]&amp;#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/217613 217613].&lt;/ref&gt;     

Omu Bakiga, omuntu owaabaire aine obushoboorozi akaba areetwa Mukama, nari Mwami omu bicweka ebindi ebya Rwanda. Omu biro eby'okubanza, Mukama nikyo kitiiniisa ekyabaire kiraheebwa omukuru.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210415084507/http://vbbultd.org/index.php/background/bakiga-traditional-way-of-life/the-traditional-bakiga-community.html The traditional Bakiga Community]&quot;. ''www.vbbultd.org''. Archived from [http://www.vbbultd.org/index.php/background/bakiga-traditional-way-of-life/the-traditional-bakiga-community.html the original] on 2021-04-15. Retrieved 2020-05-30.&lt;/ref&gt; Bwanyima, abantu bakatwara Mukama nk'eiziina ry'abaana baabo (ekirikumanyisa &quot;omwebembezi&quot; nainga &quot;omutegyeki&quot;). Aba bakaba bari batabani b'amaka g'ekika ekiri omu butegyeki ekya ba Muhutu. Omuntu weena ori kwetererwa eiziina Mukama, ashemereire kuba ari Omuhutu, okukira munonga Mungura/Mwitira, nainga ari ow'ekika ky'obugabe ekya Baamuhutu. Omu bunaku obwo ahanyima y'okujanjaara kw'obukurisitaayo, eiziina rikyakoreesibwa nka rimwe aha maziina ga Ruhanga. Ah'abw'enshonga egi, abantu hati barakoreesa eiziina erindi. Ekyokureeberaho Byamukama, Kyomukama, Owamukama, Kamukama na Bainomukama.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== '''Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho''' ==
[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7304917</id>
      <parentid>7304915</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:47:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Grammatic change</comment>
      <origin>7304917</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3867" sha1="9nqkw1vlohrq1m4acp0v7e0kpmg4lz2" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q804430}}

'''Abakiga''' (''abantu b'omu nshozi''), n'Oruganda rw'abantu, oruraruga omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] hamwe n'omu matemba ga Rwanda.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/bakiga.html AFRICA | 101 Last Tribes - Bakiga people]&quot;. ''www.101lasttribes.com''. Retrieved 2024-01-12.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/how-bakiga-migrated-from-rwanda-to-kabale-1690602 How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]&quot;. ''Monitor''. 2021-01-09. Retrieved 2024-01-23.&lt;/ref&gt; 
== Oburugo ==
[[File:Bakiga dance.png|thumb|''Bakiga'' ]]
Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba baarugire [[Wp/nyn/Rwanda|Rwanda]]. Eki kiragambwaho omuri kimwe aha byeshongoro byabo eby'enzaarwa. Abakiga boona bakaruga Rwanda omuri Byumba na Ruhengyere. Byumba na Ruhengyere n'endembo eziri omuri Rwanda obwa hati.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;&quot;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/PeoplePower/How-Bakiga-migrated-from-Rwanda-to-Kabale/689844-3836608-udasqhz/index.html How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Retrieved 2020-05-30.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://eastafricanwatch.net/read-about-the-unique-bakiga-tribe-of-western-uganda/ Read about the unique Bakiga tribe of Western Uganda - The East African Watch]&quot;. 2022-09-22. Retrieved 2024-01-12.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210121213807/http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html THE BAKIGA | Uganda Travel Guide]&quot;. ''Uganda Travel Guide &amp;#x7C; Uganda's Leading Travel Guiding''. 2014-08-06. Archived from [http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html the original] on 2021-01-21. Retrieved 2024-02-04.&lt;/ref&gt; Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba nibo baijukuru ba Kashiga, owaijire kwetwa Kakiga bwanyima. Kiragambwa ngu ni mutabani wa Mbogo kuruga omu bugabe bwa Bumbogo obwa Rwanda owaafurukiire omu kicweka ky'amashuuma g'Oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda) akatandikaho ekicweka ekiriho hati ekya Bakiga ba Kigezi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;     

Omu mwaka gwa1700 gutakahikire, Rwanda  ekatwarwa Abatwa, abaahererukire kwegaitwaho Abahutu. Rwanda omu bwire obwo ekaba erimu amahanga makye n'obutegyeki bukye buri kukwataniisa aha nsi y'omutegyeki omwe ohu bareeta '''Mwami'''. Akaba aramanywa '''nk'Omukama.'''&lt;ref&gt;Uzoigwe, G. N.; Denoon, Donald (1975). &quot;A History of Kigezi in South-West Uganda&quot;. ''The International Journal of African Historical Studies''. '''8''': 16. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/217613|10.2307/217613]]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]]&amp;#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/217613 217613].&lt;/ref&gt;     

Omu Bakiga, omuntu owaabaire aine obushoboorozi akaba areetwa Mukama, nari Mwami omu bicweka ebindi ebya Rwanda. Omu biro eby'okubanza, Mukama nikyo kitiiniisa ekyabaire kiraheebwa omukuru.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210415084507/http://vbbultd.org/index.php/background/bakiga-traditional-way-of-life/the-traditional-bakiga-community.html The traditional Bakiga Community]&quot;. ''www.vbbultd.org''. Archived from [http://www.vbbultd.org/index.php/background/bakiga-traditional-way-of-life/the-traditional-bakiga-community.html the original] on 2021-04-15. Retrieved 2020-05-30.&lt;/ref&gt; Bwanyima, abantu bakatwara Mukama nk'eiziina ry'abaana baabo (ekirikumanyisa &quot;Omwebembezi&quot; nainga &quot;omutegyeki&quot;). Aba bakaba bari batabani b'amaka g'ekika ekiri omu butegyeki ekya ba Muhutu. Omuntu weena ori kwetererwa eiziina Mukama, ashemereire kuba ari Omuhutu, okukira munonga Mungura/Mwitira, nainga ari ow'ekika ky'obugabe ekya Baamuhutu. Omu bunaku obwo ahanyima y'okujanjaara kw'obukurisitaayo, eiziina rikyakoreesibwa nka rimwe aha maziina ga Ruhanga. Ah'abw'enshonga egi, abantu hati barakoreesa eiziina erindi. Ekyokureeberaho Byamukama, Kyomukama, Owamukama, Kamukama na Bainomukama.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== '''Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho''' ==
[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7304918</id>
      <parentid>7304917</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:48:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Grammatic correction</comment>
      <origin>7304918</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3867" sha1="k54nkqg5qpykx1s5pp8t69wy4iak6mf" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q804430}}

'''Abakiga''' (''abantu b'omu nshozi''), n'Oruganda rw'abantu, oruraruga omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] hamwe n'omu matemba ga Rwanda.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/bakiga.html AFRICA | 101 Last Tribes - Bakiga people]&quot;. ''www.101lasttribes.com''. Retrieved 2024-01-12.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/how-bakiga-migrated-from-rwanda-to-kabale-1690602 How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]&quot;. ''Monitor''. 2021-01-09. Retrieved 2024-01-23.&lt;/ref&gt; 
== Oburugo ==
[[File:Bakiga dance.png|thumb|''Bakiga'' ]]
Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba baarugire [[Wp/nyn/Rwanda|Rwanda]]. Eki kiragambwaho omuri kimwe aha byeshongoro byabo eby'enzaarwa. Abakiga boona bakaruga Rwanda omuri Byumba na Ruhengyere. Byumba na Ruhengyere n'endembo eziri omuri Rwanda obwa hati.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;&quot;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/PeoplePower/How-Bakiga-migrated-from-Rwanda-to-Kabale/689844-3836608-udasqhz/index.html How Bakiga migrated from Rwanda to Kabale]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Retrieved 2020-05-30.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://eastafricanwatch.net/read-about-the-unique-bakiga-tribe-of-western-uganda/ Read about the unique Bakiga tribe of Western Uganda - The East African Watch]&quot;. 2022-09-22. Retrieved 2024-01-12.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210121213807/http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html THE BAKIGA | Uganda Travel Guide]&quot;. ''Uganda Travel Guide &amp;#x7C; Uganda's Leading Travel Guiding''. 2014-08-06. Archived from [http://www.ugandatravelguide.com/bakiga-culture.html the original] on 2021-01-21. Retrieved 2024-02-04.&lt;/ref&gt; Abakiga barateekateekwaho kuba nibo baijukuru ba Kashiga, owaijire kwetwa Kakiga bwanyima. Kiragambwa ngu ni mutabani wa Mbogo kuruga omu bugabe bwa Bumbogo obwa Rwanda owaafurukiire omu kicweka ky'amashuuma g'Oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda) akatandikaho ekicweka ekiriho hati ekya Bakiga ba Kigezi.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;     

Omu mwaka gwa1700 gutakahikire, Rwanda  ekatwarwa Abatwa, abaahererukire kwegaitwaho Abahutu. Rwanda omu bwire obwo ekaba erimu amahanga makye n'obutegyeki bukye buri kukwataniisa aha nsi y'omutegyeki omwe ohu bareeta '''Mwami'''. Akaba aramanywa '''nk'Omukama.'''&lt;ref&gt;Uzoigwe, G. N.; Denoon, Donald (1975). &quot;A History of Kigezi in South-West Uganda&quot;. ''The International Journal of African Historical Studies''. '''8''': 16. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/217613|10.2307/217613]]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]]&amp;#x20;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/217613 217613].&lt;/ref&gt;     

Omu Bakiga, omuntu owaabaire aine obushoboorozi akaba areetwa Mukama, nari Mwami omu bicweka ebindi ebya Rwanda. Omu biro eby'okubanza, Mukama nikyo kitiiniisa ekyabaire kiraheebwa omukuru.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210415084507/http://vbbultd.org/index.php/background/bakiga-traditional-way-of-life/the-traditional-bakiga-community.html The traditional Bakiga Community]&quot;. ''www.vbbultd.org''. Archived from [http://www.vbbultd.org/index.php/background/bakiga-traditional-way-of-life/the-traditional-bakiga-community.html the original] on 2021-04-15. Retrieved 2020-05-30.&lt;/ref&gt; Bwanyima, abantu bakatwara Mukama nk'eiziina ry'abaana baabo (ekirikumanyisa &quot;Omwebembezi&quot; nainga &quot;Omutegyeki&quot;). Aba bakaba bari batabani b'amaka g'ekika ekiri omu butegyeki ekya ba Muhutu. Omuntu weena ori kwetererwa eiziina Mukama, ashemereire kuba ari Omuhutu, okukira munonga Mungura/Mwitira, nainga ari ow'ekika ky'obugabe ekya Baamuhutu. Omu bunaku obwo ahanyima y'okujanjaara kw'obukurisitaayo, eiziina rikyakoreesibwa nka rimwe aha maziina ga Ruhanga. Ah'abw'enshonga egi, abantu hati barakoreesa eiziina erindi. Ekyokureeberaho Byamukama, Kyomukama, Owamukama, Kamukama na Bainomukama.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== '''Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho''' ==
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'''Fwo''' e kaba ndal toh e gyep wey yaga de a ase ting tonmsa Yi vurum wo bek.
E gwe mo, fwo e se pegelek yaga di toh a se diyo vo ke ke kangwa. Fwo mwad be gas wey e nkon nas.

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q9633}}</text>
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'''Disiturikiti ya Kabale''' ni disiturikiti eri omu burengyerwa- izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)

Kabale niyo ahu  ekitebe kikuru kya disiturikiti kiri. Ekaba eri emwe ahari disiturikiti za kigezi nizo ezi  [[Wp/nyn/Rukungiri|Rukungiri]], [[Wp/nyn/Kanungu|Kanungu]], [[Wp/nyn/Kisoro|Kisoro]], [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rubanda|Rubanda]] na [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rukiga|Rukiga]] zitakatandikireho . Kabale obumwe n'obumwe neeyetwa &quot;Kastone&quot; nk'omu rurimi rw'enzaarwa rwa Rukiga, &quot;kabale&quot; ekirikumanyisa  ibaare rikye. Disiturikiti ya Kabale eine ensharo na Disiturikiti ya Rukungiri omu matemba ga Uganda, Disiturikiti ya Rukiga omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba, Rwanda omu  burugwa izooba n'amashuuma, Disiturikiti ya Rubanda omu burengyerwa-izooba, hamwe na Disiturikiti ya Kanungu omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba . 

Kabale eri kiromita nka 143 (mayiro 89), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bw'orurembo rwa Mbarara, orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda. [1] Kabale neeshangwa kiromita nka 410 (255 mi), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], orurembo orukuru rwa Uganda. Kabale neeshutama kiromita nka 25 (mayiro 16), omu matemba g'etawuni ya Katuna aha nsharo y'amahanga goona na Rwanda. [3] 

Omuhendo gw'abantu omu kubara omu ihanga ryona hamwe n'okucondooza kw'amaka okwabaireho ebiro 27 Okwa munaana omuri 2014, ekitongore ky'okubara abantu kikabara abantu ba disiturikiti  230,609. Ekitongore ky'ebibaro ekya [[Uganda Bureau of Statistics]] (UBOS) kikateebereza ngu abantu ba disiturikiti, nk'oku kyabaire kiri ekiro 1 okwa mushanju omuri 2020, bakaba bari 248,700. Ahari abo, 120,000 nibateekateekwaho kuba abashaija kandi 128,700 abaasigara nibateekateekwaho kuba abakazi. UBOS ekabara omuhendo gw'abantu ogurikweyongyera buri mwaka ahari 1. obuchweka 3 ahari igana, ahagati ya 2014 na 2020.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q3526470}}
'''Disiturikiti ya Kabale''' ni disiturikiti eri omu burengyerwa- izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)

Kabale niyo ahu  ekitebe kikuru kya disiturikiti kiri. Ekaba eri emwe ahari disiturikiti za kigezi nizo ezi  [[Wp/nyn/Rukungiri|Rukungiri]], [[Wp/nyn/Kanungu|Kanungu]], [[Wp/nyn/Kisoro|Kisoro]], [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rubanda|Rubanda]] na [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rukiga|Rukiga]] zitakatandikireho . Kabale obumwe n'obumwe neeyetwa &quot;Kastone&quot; nk'omu rurimi rw'enzaarwa rwa Rukiga, &quot;kabale&quot; ekirikumanyisa  ibaare rikye. Disiturikiti ya Kabale eine ensharo na Disiturikiti ya Rukungiri omu matemba ga Uganda, Disiturikiti ya Rukiga omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba, Rwanda omu  burugwa izooba n'amashuuma, Disiturikiti ya Rubanda omu burengyerwa-izooba, hamwe na Disiturikiti ya Kanungu omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba . 

Kabale eri kiromita nka 143 (mayiro 89), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bw'orurembo rwa Mbarara, orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda. [1] Kabale neeshangwa kiromita nka 410 (255 mi), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], (orurembo orukuru rwa Yuganda). Kabale neeshutama kiromita nka 25 (mayiro 16), omu matemba g'etawuni ya Katuna aha nsharo y'amahanga goona na Rwanda. [3] 

Omuhendo gw'abantu omu kubara omu ihanga ryona hamwe n'okucondooza kw'amaka okwabaireho ebiro 27 Okwa munaana omuri 2014, ekitongore ky'okubara abantu kikabara abantu ba disiturikiti  230,609. Ekitongore ky'ebibaro ekya [[Uganda Bureau of Statistics]] (UBOS) kikateebereza ngu abantu ba disiturikiti, nk'oku kyabaire kiri ekiro 1 okwa mushanju omuri 2020, bakaba bari 248,700. Ahari abo, 120,000 nibateekateekwaho kuba abashaija kandi 128,700 abaasigara nibateekateekwaho kuba abakazi. UBOS ekabara omuhendo gw'abantu ogurikweyongyera buri mwaka ahari 1. obuchweka 3 ahari igana, ahagati ya 2014 na 2020.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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'''Disiturikiti ya Kabale''' ni disiturikiti eri omu burengyerwa- izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)

Kabale niyo ahu  ekitebe kikuru kya disiturikiti kiri. Ekaba eri emwe ahari disiturikiti za kigezi nizo ezi  [[Wp/nyn/Rukungiri|Rukungiri]], [[Wp/nyn/Kanungu|Kanungu]], [[Wp/nyn/Kisoro|Kisoro]], [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rubanda|Rubanda]] na [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rukiga|Rukiga]] zitakatandikireho . Kabale obumwe n'obumwe neeyetwa &quot;Kastone&quot; nk'omu rurimi rw'enzaarwa rwa Rukiga, &quot;kabale&quot; ekirikumanyisa  ibaare rikye. Disiturikiti ya Kabale eine ensharo na Disiturikiti ya Rukungiri omu matemba ga Uganda, Disiturikiti ya Rukiga omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba, Rwanda omu  burugwa izooba n'amashuuma, Disiturikiti ya Rubanda omu burengyerwa-izooba, hamwe na Disiturikiti ya Kanungu omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba . 

Kabale eri kiromita nka 143 (mayiro 89), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bw'orurembo rwa Mbarara, orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda. [1] Kabale neeshangwa kiromita nka 410 (255 mi), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], (orurembo orukuru rwa Yuganda). Kabale neeshutama kiromita nka 25 (mayiro 16), omu matemba g'etawuni ya Katuna aha nsharo y'amahanga goona na Rwanda. [3] 

Omuhendo gw'abantu omu kubara omu ihanga ryona hamwe n'okucondooza kw'amaka okwabaireho ebiro 27 Okwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekitongore ky'okubara abantu kikabara abantu ba disiturikiti  230,609. Ekitongore ky'ebibaro ekya [[Uganda Bureau of Statistics]] (UBOS) kikateebereza ngu abantu ba disiturikiti, nk'oku kyabaire kiri ekiro 1 okwa mushanju omuri 2020, bakaba bari 248,700. Ahari abo, 120,000 nibateekateekwaho kuba abashaija kandi 128,700 abaasigara nibateekateekwaho kuba abakazi. UBOS ekabara omuhendo gw'abantu ogurikweyongyera buri mwaka ahari 1. obuchweka 3 ahari igana, ahagati ya 2014 na 2020.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q3526470}}
'''Disiturikiti ya Kabale''' ni disiturikiti eri omu burengyerwa- izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)

Kabale niyo ahu  ekitebe kikuru kya disiturikiti kiri. Ekaba eri emwe ahari disiturikiti za kigezi nizo ezi  [[Wp/nyn/Rukungiri|Rukungiri]], [[Wp/nyn/Kanungu|Kanungu]], [[Wp/nyn/Kisoro|Kisoro]], [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rubanda|Rubanda]] na [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rukiga|Rukiga]] zitakatandikireho . Kabale obumwe n'obumwe neeyetwa &quot;Kastone&quot; nk'omu rurimi rw'enzaarwa rwa Rukiga, &quot;kabale&quot; ekirikumanyisa  ibaare rikye. Disiturikiti ya Kabale eine ensharo na Disiturikiti ya Rukungiri omu matemba ga Uganda, Disiturikiti ya Rukiga omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba, Rwanda omu  burugwa izooba n'amashuuma, Disiturikiti ya Rubanda omu burengyerwa-izooba, hamwe na Disiturikiti ya Kanungu omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba . 

Kabale eri kiromita nka 143 (mayiro 89), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bw'orurembo rwa Mbarara, orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda. [1] Kabale neeshangwa kiromita nka 410 (255 mi), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], (orurembo orukuru rwa Yuganda). Kabale neeshutama kiromita nka 25 (mayiro 16), omu matemba g'etawuni ya Katuna aha nsharo y'amahanga goona na Rwanda. [3] 

Omuhendo gw'abantu omu kubara omu ihanga ryona hamwe n'okucondooza kw'amaka okwabaireho ebiro 27 Okwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekitongore ky'okubara abantu kikabara abantu ba disiturikiti baringana  230,609. Ekitongore ky'ebibaro ekya [[Uganda Bureau of Statistics]] (UBOS) kikateebereza ngu abantu ba disiturikiti, nk'oku kyabaire kiri ekiro 1 okwa mushanju omuri 2020, bakaba bari 248,700. Ahari abo, 120,000 nibateekateekwaho kuba abashaija kandi 128,700 abaasigara nibateekateekwaho kuba abakazi. UBOS ekabara omuhendo gw'abantu ogurikweyongyera buri mwaka ahari 1. obuchweka 3 ahari igana, ahagati ya 2014 na 2020.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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        <id>2655671</id>
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      <comment>Grammatic change</comment>
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{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q3526470}}
'''Disiturikiti ya Kabale''' ni disiturikiti eri omu burengyerwa- izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)

Kabale niyo ahu  ekitebe kikuru kya disiturikiti kiri. Ekaba eri emwe ahari disiturikiti za kigezi nizo ezi  [[Wp/nyn/Rukungiri|Rukungiri]], [[Wp/nyn/Kanungu|Kanungu]], [[Wp/nyn/Kisoro|Kisoro]], [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rubanda|Rubanda]] na [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rukiga|Rukiga]] zitakatandikireho . Kabale obumwe n'obumwe neeyetwa &quot;Kastone&quot; nk'omu rurimi rw'enzaarwa rwa Rukiga, &quot;kabale&quot; ekirikumanyisa  ibaare rikye. Disiturikiti ya Kabale eine ensharo na Disiturikiti ya Rukungiri omu matemba ga Uganda, Disiturikiti ya Rukiga omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba, Rwanda omu  burugwa izooba n'amashuuma, Disiturikiti ya Rubanda omu burengyerwa-izooba, hamwe na Disiturikiti ya Kanungu omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba . 

Kabale eri kiromita nka 143 (mayiro 89), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bw'orurembo rwa Mbarara, orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu kicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda. [1] Kabale neeshangwa kiromita nka 410 (255 mi), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]], (orurembo orukuru rwa Yuganda). Kabale neeshutama kiromita nka 25 (mayiro 16), omu matemba g'etawuni ya Katuna aha nsharo y'amahanga goona na Rwanda. [3] 

Omuhendo gw'abantu omu kubara omu ihanga ryona hamwe n'okucondooza kw'amaka okwabaireho ebiro 27 Okwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekitongore ky'okubara abantu kikabara abantu ba disiturikiti baringana  230,609. Ekitongore ky'ebibaro ekya [[Uganda Bureau of Statistics]] (UBOS) kikateebereza ngu abantu ba disiturikiti, nk'oku kyabaire kiri ekiro 1 okwa mushanju omu mwaka gwa 2020, bakaba bari 248,700. Ahari abo, 120,000 nibateekateekwaho kuba abashaija kandi 128,700 abaasigara nibateekateekwaho kuba abakazi. UBOS ekabara omuhendo gw'abantu ogurikweyongyera buri mwaka ahari 1. obuchweka 3 ahari igana, ahagati ya 2014 na 2020.

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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    <title>Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rukiga</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
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      <comment>Translation from English to rukiga</comment>
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[[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rukiga|Disiturikiti ya Rukiga]] ni [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] eri omu [[:en:Western_Region,_Uganda|burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]](Yuganda). Orurembo rwayo orukuru ni [[:en:Mparo,_Rukiga|Mparo]]. Kwonka, orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omuri disiturikiti ni [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Mulera, Muniini (1 July 2017). &quot;[http://mulerasfireplace.com/rukiga-politics/rukiga/ Overview of Rukiga District, Uganda&quot;.] Toronto: Mulerasfireplace.com. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Omwanya''' ==
Disiturikiti ya Rukiga eine ensharo na [[:en:Ntungamo_District|Disiturikiti ya Ntungamo]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Republic_of_Rwanda|Republic of Rwanda]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Kabale_District|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Rubanda_District|Disiturikiti ya Rubanda]] omuri burugwa-izooba hamwe na [[:en:Rukungiri_District|Disiturikiti ya Rukungiri]] omuri burugwa-izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Rukiga,+Uganda/@-1.0524902,29.3735457,82155m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x19dc06fee70b7857:0xe40152e26b311279!8m2!3d-1.1326337!4d30.043412 Map Showing the Location of Rukiga District&quot;] (Map). ''Google Maps''. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; Orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu disiturikiti nirushangwa nka kiromita 35.5 (mayiro 22), omu matemba g'oburugwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Kabale|Kabale]]. Nirwo rurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu [[:en:Kigezi_sub-region|kicweka kya Kigezi]].&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kabale%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJXQxEteEN3BkR35XkYwT0Nto&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Kabale, Western Region, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; Eki kiri kiromita nka 43 (mayiro 27), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Ntungamo|Ntungamo]], aha [[:en:Mbarara-Ntungamo-Kabale-Katuna_Road|ruguuto rwa Mbarara-Ntungamo-Kabale-Katuna]].&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Ntungamo%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJARfQKZJO2RkR_kG4rhhOlUk&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Ntungamo, Western Region, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;  [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]] eri kiromita nka 374 (mahiro 232), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Kampala|Kampala]], orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango kandi orukuru rwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda.]]&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Post%20Office%20Building%2C%20Kampala%20Road%2C%20Kampala%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJXyfX9IC8fRcRorrkbY-nufI&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Post Office Building, Kampala Road, Kampala, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Omu bugufu''' ==
Okuruga Okwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2017, Disiturikiti ya Rukiga erimu amagomborora aga: (a) Bukinda (b) Kamwezi (c) Kashambya na (d) Rwamucucu. Orukiiko rw'orurembo rwa Muhanga niruhendera orunyiriri rw'ebitongore by'obw'ebembezi omuri Rukiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Enyima y'okwezi kwa mushanju omu mwaka gwa 2017, Rukiga ekaba eri ekyanga omuri [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Mulera, Muniini (27 June 2017). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/OpEd/columnists/MuniiniMulera/Success-of-Rukiga-District-depends-on-you-and-me/878676-3988560-3hery8/index.html Success of Rukiga District depends on you and me]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

Disiturikiti n'ey'ebyaro, kandi abantu baingi nibeejumba omu by'obuhingi n'oburiisa. Kwonka, hariho embuga nyingi omu  otwariiremu: (i) Mparo (ii) [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]] (iii) Bukinda (iv) Kamwezi (v) Kangondo (vi) Sind (vii) Rushebeya (viii) Kashumuuruzi (ix) Kitunga (x) Kantare (xi) Nyaruziba (omwanya mukuru gw'obushuubuzi omuri Kashambya sub-county) ( [1] Orurembo rwa Mparo, ahu ekitebe kya disiturikiti kiri, rukahinduka akakiiko k'orurembo ekiro kimwe( 1 )okwa mushanju  omu mwaka gwa 2017, eizooba obu Rukiga yaatunga ekitiinisa kya disiturikiti.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== '''Omubaro gw'abantu''' ==
Okubara abantu okwabaireho omu kwezi kwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2014, kukareetaho abantu abarikwingana 100,726 Omuri Disiturikiti ya Rukiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== '''Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho''' ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
      <sha1>diiwbyfur50obtuo9ny1dmvgo4cstlp</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304972</id>
      <parentid>7304963</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:32:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Punctuation</comment>
      <origin>7304972</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4812" sha1="jlpq6w55nkz3me935h1xj2pfajkkucj" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q38249615}}
[[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rukiga|Disiturikiti ya Rukiga]] ni [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] eri omu [[:en:Western_Region,_Uganda|burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]](Yuganda). Orurembo rwayo orukuru ni [[:en:Mparo,_Rukiga|Mparo]]. Kwonka, orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omuri disiturikiti ni [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Mulera, Muniini (1 July 2017). &quot;[http://mulerasfireplace.com/rukiga-politics/rukiga/ Overview of Rukiga District, Uganda&quot;.] Toronto: Mulerasfireplace.com. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Omwanya''' ==
Disiturikiti ya Rukiga eine ensharo na [[:en:Ntungamo_District|Disiturikiti ya Ntungamo]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Republic_of_Rwanda|Republic of Rwanda]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Kabale_District|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Rubanda_District|Disiturikiti ya Rubanda]] omuri burugwa-izooba hamwe na [[:en:Rukungiri_District|Disiturikiti ya Rukungiri]] omuri burugwa-izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Rukiga,+Uganda/@-1.0524902,29.3735457,82155m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x19dc06fee70b7857:0xe40152e26b311279!8m2!3d-1.1326337!4d30.043412 Map Showing the Location of Rukiga District&quot;] (Map). ''Google Maps''. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; Orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu disiturikiti nirushangwa nka kiromita 35.5 (mayiro 22), omu matemba g'oburugwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Kabale|Kabale]]. Nirwo rurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu [[:en:Kigezi_sub-region|kicweka kya Kigezi]].&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kabale%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJXQxEteEN3BkR35XkYwT0Nto&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Kabale, Western Region, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; Eki kiri kiromita nka 43 (mayiro 27), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Ntungamo|Ntungamo]], aha [[:en:Mbarara-Ntungamo-Kabale-Katuna_Road|ruguuto rwa Mbarara-Ntungamo-Kabale-Katuna]].&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Ntungamo%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJARfQKZJO2RkR_kG4rhhOlUk&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Ntungamo, Western Region, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;  [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]] eri kiromita nka 374 (mahiro 232), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Kampala|Kampala]], Orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango kandi orukuru rwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda.]]&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Post%20Office%20Building%2C%20Kampala%20Road%2C%20Kampala%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJXyfX9IC8fRcRorrkbY-nufI&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Post Office Building, Kampala Road, Kampala, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Omu bugufu''' ==
Okuruga Okwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2017, Disiturikiti ya Rukiga erimu amagomborora aga: (a) Bukinda (b) Kamwezi (c) Kashambya na (d) Rwamucucu. Orukiiko rw'orurembo rwa Muhanga niruhendera orunyiriri rw'ebitongore by'obw'ebembezi omuri Rukiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Enyima y'okwezi kwa mushanju omu mwaka gwa 2017, Rukiga ekaba eri ekyanga omuri [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Mulera, Muniini (27 June 2017). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/OpEd/columnists/MuniiniMulera/Success-of-Rukiga-District-depends-on-you-and-me/878676-3988560-3hery8/index.html Success of Rukiga District depends on you and me]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

Disiturikiti n'ey'ebyaro, kandi abantu baingi nibeejumba omu by'obuhingi n'oburiisa. Kwonka, hariho embuga nyingi omu  otwariiremu: (i) Mparo (ii) [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]] (iii) Bukinda (iv) Kamwezi (v) Kangondo (vi) Sind (vii) Rushebeya (viii) Kashumuuruzi (ix) Kitunga (x) Kantare (xi) Nyaruziba (omwanya mukuru gw'obushuubuzi omuri Kashambya sub-county) ( [1] Orurembo rwa Mparo, ahu ekitebe kya disiturikiti kiri, rukahinduka akakiiko k'orurembo ekiro kimwe( 1 )okwa mushanju  omu mwaka gwa 2017, eizooba obu Rukiga yaatunga ekitiinisa kya disiturikiti.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== '''Omubaro gw'abantu''' ==
Okubara abantu okwabaireho omu kwezi kwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2014, kukareetaho abantu abarikwingana 100,726 Omuri Disiturikiti ya Rukiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== '''Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho''' ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
      <sha1>jlpq6w55nkz3me935h1xj2pfajkkucj</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304974</id>
      <parentid>7304972</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:33:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Punctuation</comment>
      <origin>7304974</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4809" sha1="ksomsb4gs43irgbi6df8du0jq7qxfpw" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q38249615}}
[[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rukiga|Disiturikiti ya Rukiga]] ni [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] eri omu [[:en:Western_Region,_Uganda|burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]](Yuganda). Orurembo rwayo orukuru ni [[:en:Mparo,_Rukiga|Mparo]]. Kwonka, orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omuri disiturikiti ni [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Mulera, Muniini (1 July 2017). &quot;[http://mulerasfireplace.com/rukiga-politics/rukiga/ Overview of Rukiga District, Uganda&quot;.] Toronto: Mulerasfireplace.com. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Omwanya''' ==
Disiturikiti ya Rukiga eine ensharo na [[:en:Ntungamo_District|Disiturikiti ya Ntungamo]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Republic_of_Rwanda|Republic of Rwanda]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Kabale_District|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Rubanda_District|Disiturikiti ya Rubanda]] omuri burugwa-izooba hamwe na [[:en:Rukungiri_District|Disiturikiti ya Rukungiri]] omuri burugwa-izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Rukiga,+Uganda/@-1.0524902,29.3735457,82155m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x19dc06fee70b7857:0xe40152e26b311279!8m2!3d-1.1326337!4d30.043412 Map Showing the Location of Rukiga District&quot;] (Map). ''Google Maps''. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; Orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu disiturikiti nirushangwa nka kiromita 35.5 (mayiro 22), omu matemba g'oburugwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Kabale|Kabale]]. Nirwo rurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu [[:en:Kigezi_sub-region|kicweka kya Kigezi]].&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kabale%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJXQxEteEN3BkR35XkYwT0Nto&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Kabale, Western Region, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; Eki kiri kiromita nka 43 (mayiro 27), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Ntungamo|Ntungamo]], aha [[:en:Mbarara-Ntungamo-Kabale-Katuna_Road|ruguuto rwa Mbarara-Ntungamo-Kabale-Katuna]].&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Ntungamo%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJARfQKZJO2RkR_kG4rhhOlUk&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Ntungamo, Western Region, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;  [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]] eri kiromita nka 374 (mahiro 232), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Kampala|Kampala]](Orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango kandi orukuru ) [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda.]]&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Post%20Office%20Building%2C%20Kampala%20Road%2C%20Kampala%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJXyfX9IC8fRcRorrkbY-nufI&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Post Office Building, Kampala Road, Kampala, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Omu bugufu''' ==
Okuruga Okwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2017, Disiturikiti ya Rukiga erimu amagomborora aga: (a) Bukinda (b) Kamwezi (c) Kashambya na (d) Rwamucucu. Orukiiko rw'orurembo rwa Muhanga niruhendera orunyiriri rw'ebitongore by'obw'ebembezi omuri Rukiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Enyima y'okwezi kwa mushanju omu mwaka gwa 2017, Rukiga ekaba eri ekyanga omuri [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Mulera, Muniini (27 June 2017). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/OpEd/columnists/MuniiniMulera/Success-of-Rukiga-District-depends-on-you-and-me/878676-3988560-3hery8/index.html Success of Rukiga District depends on you and me]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

Disiturikiti n'ey'ebyaro, kandi abantu baingi nibeejumba omu by'obuhingi n'oburiisa. Kwonka, hariho embuga nyingi omu  otwariiremu: (i) Mparo (ii) [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]] (iii) Bukinda (iv) Kamwezi (v) Kangondo (vi) Sind (vii) Rushebeya (viii) Kashumuuruzi (ix) Kitunga (x) Kantare (xi) Nyaruziba (omwanya mukuru gw'obushuubuzi omuri Kashambya sub-county) ( [1] Orurembo rwa Mparo, ahu ekitebe kya disiturikiti kiri, rukahinduka akakiiko k'orurembo ekiro kimwe( 1 )okwa mushanju  omu mwaka gwa 2017, eizooba obu Rukiga yaatunga ekitiinisa kya disiturikiti.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== '''Omubaro gw'abantu''' ==
Okubara abantu okwabaireho omu kwezi kwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2014, kukareetaho abantu abarikwingana 100,726 Omuri Disiturikiti ya Rukiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== '''Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho''' ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
      <sha1>ksomsb4gs43irgbi6df8du0jq7qxfpw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304977</id>
      <parentid>7304974</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:34:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Punctuation</comment>
      <origin>7304977</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4823" sha1="fd4tcoyp47oi59n4uh2fsqk7wcbzf87" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q38249615}}
[[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rukiga|Disiturikiti ya Rukiga]] ni [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] eri omu [[:en:Western_Region,_Uganda|burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]](Yuganda). Orurembo rwayo orukuru ni [[:en:Mparo,_Rukiga|Mparo]]. Kwonka, orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omuri disiturikiti ni [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Mulera, Muniini (1 July 2017). &quot;[http://mulerasfireplace.com/rukiga-politics/rukiga/ Overview of Rukiga District, Uganda&quot;.] Toronto: Mulerasfireplace.com. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Omwanya''' ==
Disiturikiti ya Rukiga eine ensharo na [[:en:Ntungamo_District|Disiturikiti ya Ntungamo]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Republic_of_Rwanda|Republic of Rwanda]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Kabale_District|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Rubanda_District|Disiturikiti ya Rubanda]] omuri burugwa-izooba hamwe na [[:en:Rukungiri_District|Disiturikiti ya Rukungiri]] omuri burugwa-izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Rukiga,+Uganda/@-1.0524902,29.3735457,82155m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x19dc06fee70b7857:0xe40152e26b311279!8m2!3d-1.1326337!4d30.043412 Map Showing the Location of Rukiga District&quot;] (Map). ''Google Maps''. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; Orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu disiturikiti nirushangwa nka kiromita 35.5 (mayiro 22), omu matemba g'oburugwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Kabale|Kabale]]. Nirwo rurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu [[:en:Kigezi_sub-region|kicweka kya Kigezi]].&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kabale%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJXQxEteEN3BkR35XkYwT0Nto&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Kabale, Western Region, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; Eki kiri kiromita nka 43 (mayiro 27), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Ntungamo|Ntungamo]], aha [[:en:Mbarara-Ntungamo-Kabale-Katuna_Road|ruguuto rwa Mbarara-Ntungamo-Kabale-Katuna]].&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Ntungamo%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJARfQKZJO2RkR_kG4rhhOlUk&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Ntungamo, Western Region, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;  [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]] eri kiromita nka 374 (mahiro 232), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Kampala|Kampala]](Orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango kandi orukuru ) omu (Yuganda )[[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda.]]&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Post%20Office%20Building%2C%20Kampala%20Road%2C%20Kampala%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJXyfX9IC8fRcRorrkbY-nufI&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Post Office Building, Kampala Road, Kampala, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Omu bugufu''' ==
Okuruga Okwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2017, Disiturikiti ya Rukiga erimu amagomborora aga: (a) Bukinda (b) Kamwezi (c) Kashambya na (d) Rwamucucu. Orukiiko rw'orurembo rwa Muhanga niruhendera orunyiriri rw'ebitongore by'obw'ebembezi omuri Rukiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Enyima y'okwezi kwa mushanju omu mwaka gwa 2017, Rukiga ekaba eri ekyanga omuri [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Mulera, Muniini (27 June 2017). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/OpEd/columnists/MuniiniMulera/Success-of-Rukiga-District-depends-on-you-and-me/878676-3988560-3hery8/index.html Success of Rukiga District depends on you and me]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

Disiturikiti n'ey'ebyaro, kandi abantu baingi nibeejumba omu by'obuhingi n'oburiisa. Kwonka, hariho embuga nyingi omu  otwariiremu: (i) Mparo (ii) [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]] (iii) Bukinda (iv) Kamwezi (v) Kangondo (vi) Sind (vii) Rushebeya (viii) Kashumuuruzi (ix) Kitunga (x) Kantare (xi) Nyaruziba (omwanya mukuru gw'obushuubuzi omuri Kashambya sub-county) ( [1] Orurembo rwa Mparo, ahu ekitebe kya disiturikiti kiri, rukahinduka akakiiko k'orurembo ekiro kimwe( 1 )okwa mushanju  omu mwaka gwa 2017, eizooba obu Rukiga yaatunga ekitiinisa kya disiturikiti.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== '''Omubaro gw'abantu''' ==
Okubara abantu okwabaireho omu kwezi kwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2014, kukareetaho abantu abarikwingana 100,726 Omuri Disiturikiti ya Rukiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== '''Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho''' ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
      <sha1>fd4tcoyp47oi59n4uh2fsqk7wcbzf87</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304981</id>
      <parentid>7304977</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:36:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Punctuation</comment>
      <origin>7304981</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4823" sha1="b5f5cyj1ofgw0n1j9163oy14rzfxcwr" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q38249615}}
[[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rukiga|Disiturikiti ya Rukiga]] ni [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] eri omu [[:en:Western_Region,_Uganda|burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]](Yuganda). Orurembo rwayo orukuru ni [[:en:Mparo,_Rukiga|Mparo]]. Kwonka, orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omuri disiturikiti ni [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Mulera, Muniini (1 July 2017). &quot;[http://mulerasfireplace.com/rukiga-politics/rukiga/ Overview of Rukiga District, Uganda&quot;.] Toronto: Mulerasfireplace.com. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Omwanya''' ==
Disiturikiti ya Rukiga eine ensharo na [[:en:Ntungamo_District|Disiturikiti ya Ntungamo]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Republic_of_Rwanda|Republic of Rwanda]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Kabale_District|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Rubanda_District|Disiturikiti ya Rubanda]] omuri burugwa-izooba hamwe na [[:en:Rukungiri_District|Disiturikiti ya Rukungiri]] omuri burugwa-izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Rukiga,+Uganda/@-1.0524902,29.3735457,82155m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x19dc06fee70b7857:0xe40152e26b311279!8m2!3d-1.1326337!4d30.043412 Map Showing the Location of Rukiga District&quot;] (Map). ''Google Maps''. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; Orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu disiturikiti nirushangwa nka kiromita 35.5 (mayiro 22), omu matemba g'oburugwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Kabale|Kabale]]. Nirwo rurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu [[:en:Kigezi_sub-region|kicweka kya Kigezi]].&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kabale%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJXQxEteEN3BkR35XkYwT0Nto&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Kabale, Western Region, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; Eki kiri kiromita nka 43 (mayiro 27), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Ntungamo|Ntungamo]], aha [[:en:Mbarara-Ntungamo-Kabale-Katuna_Road|ruguuto rwa Mbarara-Ntungamo-Kabale-Katuna]].&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Ntungamo%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJARfQKZJO2RkR_kG4rhhOlUk&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Ntungamo, Western Region, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;  [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]] eri kiromita nka 374 (mahiro 232), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Kampala|Kampala]](Orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango kandi orukuru ) omu (Yuganda )[[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda.]]&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Post%20Office%20Building%2C%20Kampala%20Road%2C%20Kampala%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJXyfX9IC8fRcRorrkbY-nufI&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Post Office Building, Kampala Road, Kampala, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Omu bugufu''' ==
Okuruga Okwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2017, Disiturikiti ya Rukiga erimu amagomborora aga: (a) Bukinda (b) Kamwezi (c) Kashambya na (d) Rwamucucu. Orukiiko rw'orurembo rwa Muhanga niruhendera orunyiriri rw'ebitongore by'obw'ebembezi omuri Rukiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Enyima y'okwezi kwa mushanju omu mwaka gwa 2017, Rukiga ekaba eri ekyanga omuri [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Mulera, Muniini (27 June 2017). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/OpEd/columnists/MuniiniMulera/Success-of-Rukiga-District-depends-on-you-and-me/878676-3988560-3hery8/index.html Success of Rukiga District depends on you and me]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

Disiturikiti n'ey'ebyaro, kandi abantu baingi nibeejumba omu by'Obuhingi n'oburiisa. Kwonka, hariho embuga nyingi omu  otwariiremu: (i) Mparo (ii) [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]] (iii) Bukinda (iv) Kamwezi (v) Kangondo (vi) Sind (vii) Rushebeya (viii) Kashumuuruzi (ix) Kitunga (x) Kantare (xi) Nyaruziba (omwanya mukuru gw'obushuubuzi omuri Kashambya sub-county) ( [1] Orurembo rwa Mparo, ahu ekitebe kya disiturikiti kiri, rukahinduka akakiiko k'orurembo ekiro kimwe( 1 )okwa mushanju  omu mwaka gwa 2017, eizooba obu Rukiga yaatunga ekitiinisa kya disiturikiti.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== '''Omubaro gw'abantu''' ==
Okubara abantu okwabaireho omu kwezi kwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2014, kukareetaho abantu abarikwingana 100,726 Omuri Disiturikiti ya Rukiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== '''Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho''' ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
      <sha1>b5f5cyj1ofgw0n1j9163oy14rzfxcwr</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304982</id>
      <parentid>7304981</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:36:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Punctuation</comment>
      <origin>7304982</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4823" sha1="iuaa6upe90vsmkd721o8xyakmzvaf1z" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q38249615}}
[[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rukiga|Disiturikiti ya Rukiga]] ni [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] eri omu [[:en:Western_Region,_Uganda|burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]](Yuganda). Orurembo rwayo orukuru ni [[:en:Mparo,_Rukiga|Mparo]]. Kwonka, orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omuri disiturikiti ni [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Mulera, Muniini (1 July 2017). &quot;[http://mulerasfireplace.com/rukiga-politics/rukiga/ Overview of Rukiga District, Uganda&quot;.] Toronto: Mulerasfireplace.com. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Omwanya''' ==
Disiturikiti ya Rukiga eine ensharo na [[:en:Ntungamo_District|Disiturikiti ya Ntungamo]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Republic_of_Rwanda|Republic of Rwanda]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Kabale_District|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]] omuri burugwa-izooba, [[:en:Rubanda_District|Disiturikiti ya Rubanda]] omuri burugwa-izooba hamwe na [[:en:Rukungiri_District|Disiturikiti ya Rukungiri]] omuri burugwa-izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Rukiga,+Uganda/@-1.0524902,29.3735457,82155m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x19dc06fee70b7857:0xe40152e26b311279!8m2!3d-1.1326337!4d30.043412 Map Showing the Location of Rukiga District&quot;] (Map). ''Google Maps''. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; Orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu disiturikiti nirushangwa nka kiromita 35.5 (mayiro 22), omu matemba g'oburugwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Kabale|Kabale]]. Nirwo rurembo orurikukirayo obuhango omu [[:en:Kigezi_sub-region|kicweka kya Kigezi]].&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kabale%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJXQxEteEN3BkR35XkYwT0Nto&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Kabale, Western Region, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; Eki kiri kiromita nka 43 (mayiro 27), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Ntungamo|Ntungamo]], aha [[:en:Mbarara-Ntungamo-Kabale-Katuna_Road|ruguuto rwa Mbarara-Ntungamo-Kabale-Katuna]].&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Ntungamo%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJARfQKZJO2RkR_kG4rhhOlUk&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Ntungamo, Western Region, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;  [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]] eri kiromita nka 374 (mahiro 232), aha ruguuto, omu mashuuma g'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[:en:Kampala|Kampala]](Orurembo orurikukirayo obuhango kandi orukuru ) omu (Yuganda )[[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda.]]&lt;ref&gt;GFC (10 August 2017). &quot;[http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Post%20Office%20Building%2C%20Kampala%20Road%2C%20Kampala%2C%20Uganda&amp;toplace=Muhanga%2C%20Rukiga%2C%20Western%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&amp;dt1=ChIJXyfX9IC8fRcRorrkbY-nufI&amp;dt2=ChIJB7udf8UH3BkRhjPiDtoE_Xc Distance between Post Office Building, Kampala Road, Kampala, Uganda and Muhanga, Rukiga, Western Region, Uganda]&quot;. Globefeed.com (GFC). Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Omu bugufu''' ==
Okuruga Okwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2017, Disiturikiti ya Rukiga erimu amagomborora aga: (a) Bukinda (b) Kamwezi (c) Kashambya na (d) Rwamucucu. Orukiiko rw'orurembo rwa Muhanga niruhendera orunyiriri rw'ebitongore by'obw'ebembezi omuri Rukiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Enyima y'okwezi kwa mushanju omu mwaka gwa 2017, Rukiga ekaba eri ekyanga omuri [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Mulera, Muniini (27 June 2017). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/OpEd/columnists/MuniiniMulera/Success-of-Rukiga-District-depends-on-you-and-me/878676-3988560-3hery8/index.html Success of Rukiga District depends on you and me]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 10 August 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

Disiturikiti n'ey'ebyaro, kandi abantu baingi nibeejumba omu by'Obuhingi n'Oburiisa. Kwonka, hariho embuga nyingi omu  otwariiremu: (i) Mparo (ii) [[Wp/nyn/MUHANGA|Muhanga]] (iii) Bukinda (iv) Kamwezi (v) Kangondo (vi) Sind (vii) Rushebeya (viii) Kashumuuruzi (ix) Kitunga (x) Kantare (xi) Nyaruziba (omwanya mukuru gw'obushuubuzi omuri Kashambya sub-county) ( [1] Orurembo rwa Mparo, ahu ekitebe kya disiturikiti kiri, rukahinduka akakiiko k'orurembo ekiro kimwe( 1 )okwa mushanju  omu mwaka gwa 2017, eizooba obu Rukiga yaatunga ekitiinisa kya disiturikiti.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== '''Omubaro gw'abantu''' ==
Okubara abantu okwabaireho omu kwezi kwa munaana omu mwaka gwa 2014, kukareetaho abantu abarikwingana 100,726 Omuri Disiturikiti ya Rukiga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== '''Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho''' ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/nyn/Betty Nambooze</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3624715</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305419</id>
      <parentid>7291183</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:41:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Prizebae</username>
        <id>2655686</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Highlight</comment>
      <origin>7305419</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="9461" sha1="1gjyzc4p7m3b77rbreqngmh8dvj7kkt" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q22007122}}
Betty Nambooze Bakireke, orikumanywa nka '''Betty Nambooze''' (akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju omu mwaka gwa 1969) n'omunyamakuru kandi n'omutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Naakora nk'omukiiki omu [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|ishengyero]] ori kujwekyera Munisipaarite ya Mukono omu Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Mukono|Mukono]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;POU (6 January 2016). &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053147/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&amp;n=t&amp;details=t&amp;j=541.000000&amp;const=Mukono+County+North&amp;dist_id=8.000000&amp;distname=Mukono Profile of Mrs. Bakireke Nambooze Betty, Member of Parliament for Mukono County North, Mukono District]&quot;. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Amagara g'obuto n'obwegyese ==
Betty Nambooze akazaarirwa omuri Disiturikiti ya Mukono, ebiro 13 okwa mushanju omu mwaka rwa 1969. Akeegyera aha  ishomero rya Bishop's Senior Secondary School omuri Mukono, yatuunga diguri ye omu mwaka gwa 1986.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Kimbowa, Joseph (4 December 2012). &quot;[http://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=22451:nambooze-bakireke-love-trek-started-in-s3 Nambooze, Bakireke love trek started in S.3]&quot;. ''The Observer (Uganda)''. Kampala. Retrieved 7 January 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Law Development Centre, yaatuunga dipuroma omu biragiiro omu mwaka gwa 1998. Omu mwaka gwa 2010, akatunga dipuroma omu by'entunguuka kuruga omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Martyrs University|Uganda Martyrs University]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Eby'okukora ==
Ebiro 24 okwa kabiri omu mwaka gwa 2016, akakwatwa hamwe n'omujwekyera Moses Kasibante ahabw'okushohoza ebihandiiko ebirikushoboorora obushumanguzi obw'abaireho omu karuuru k'eihanga.

Nambooze akasingwa emirundi mingi ahabw'emishango y'eby'obutegyeki etari emwe n'emwe, kwonka n'obwahati takasingire omushango omu kooti yoona.&lt;ref&gt;Ifex Network (31 March 2017). &quot;[https://www.ifex.org/uganda/2017/03/31/politician-arrest/ Police attack journalists covering arrest of Ugandan opposition MP]&quot;. Ifex.org Quoting Human Rights Network for Journalists - Uganda. Retrieved 23 June 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;hembo, Johnson (23 April 2017). &quot;[http://theinsider.ug/index.php/2017/04/23/good-vs-bad-dp-mp-nambooze-arrested-injured-and-tortured-in-masaka/ Good vs Bad DP: MP Nambooze Arrested, Injured And Tortured in Masaka&quot;.] Kampala: The Insider (Uganda). Retrieved 23 June 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sabano, Jessica (13 June 2018). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Abiriga-killing-MP-Nambooze-arrested/688334-4609806-fsj2pgz/index.html Abiriga murder: MP Nambooze arrested]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 23 June 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sabano, Jessica (13 June 2018). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Abiriga-killing-MP-Nambooze-arrested/688334-4609806-fsj2pgz/index.html Abiriga murder: MP Nambooze arrested]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 23 June 2018&lt;/ref&gt;amagara ge gatinisiibwemu n'obutwa ahabw'emirimo y'eby'obutegyeki.&lt;ref&gt;paseditor (17 September 2018). &quot;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/gallery/2695/leader-opposition-betty-aol-ocan-visits-hon-betty-namboze-her-home-mukono-august-31st The Leader of the Opposition, Betty Aol Ocan visits Hon Betty Namboze at her home in Mukono, August 31st 2018&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Malaba, Tom. &quot;[http://ugandaradionetwork.com/story/police-to-disperse-nambozes-rally Police to Disperse Nambozes Rally]&quot;. ''Uganda Radio Network''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ebiro 13 Okwa munana omu mwaka gwa 2020, Namboozi n'abandi bakegaita aha kibiina eky'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|National Unity Platform]] ekikwebemberwa omweshongozi Kyagulanyi Sentamu Robert [[Wp/nyn/Bobi Wine|Bobi Wine]] ari kuruga omu kibiina kya Democratic Party&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.pmldaily.com/news/2020/08/good-thursday-bobi-wines-budding-nup-party-captures-dp-mps-and-singer-chameleon.html Good Thursday! Bobi Wine's budding NUP captures 11 DP MPs and singer Chameleon]&quot;. ''PML Daily''. 13 August 2020. Retrieved 30 August 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Writer, TRACY TEDDY NAYIGA | PML Daily Staff (14 October 2020). &quot;[https://www.pmldaily.com/news/politics/2020/10/mp-nambooze-appeals-to-nup-losers-to-support-the-flag-bearers.html MP Nambooze appeals to NUP losers to Support the Flag bearers]&quot;. ''PML Daily''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Nambooze hamwe n'abandi ba memba b'ekibiina kye, batandikireho &quot;Mishoni 2021&quot; ekigyendererwa ky'ekibiina ky'okwihaho ekibiina ekiri omu butegyeki omu karuuru akarikwija omu mwaka gwa 2021.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/who-will-succeed-betty-ocan-as-lop--3273482 Who will succeed Betty Ocan as LoP]?&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. 29 January 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/nrm-teams-up-with-dp-to-beat-nambooze-in-mukono-3254784 NRM teams up with DP to beat Nambooze in Mukono]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. 12 January 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Omu karuuru k'abajwekyera omu ishengyero omu mwaka gwa 2021, Nambooze akasingura ekisanja ekindi (2021-2026) kujwekyera munisipaarite  ya [[Wp/nyn/Mukono|Mukono]] aha tiketi ya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|NUP]] bwanyima y'okusingura abarikumuhakaniisa munonga omwami George Fred Kagimu owa Democratic Party (DP) na Abbas Ssozi owa [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.softpower.ug/police-probes-attack-at-mp-namboozes-home/ Police Probes Attack at MP Nambooze's Home - SoftPower News]&quot;. 19 October 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;spyreports. &quot;[https://spyreports.co.ug/news/just-in-mp-betty-nambooze-attacked-at-her-home/ Just In: MP Betty Nambooze Attacked At Her Home]&quot;. Spyreports. Retrieved 16 November 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Ebiro 19  okwa ikumi, poriisi ekakora okucondooza aha kutahirirwa kw'eka ya Betty Nambooze, ahu yaajumbwire emihoro ebiri misya omu musiri mukye gw'enyaanya.&lt;ref&gt;[http://parliamentwatch.ug/so-many-questions-very-few-answers-on-the-43-new-counties/ So many questions, very few answers on the 43 new counties – Parliament Watch]&quot;. ''parliamentwatch.ug''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFD9bnq9jVY The political Life of Hon.Betty Nambooze member of parliament mukono municipality] | People and Power, retrieved 3 April 2021&lt;/ref&gt;

== Okukwata ==
Ebiro 24 Okwa kabiri omuri 2016, akakwatwa kumara akaanya kakye hamwe n'omujwekyerwa Moses Kasibante ahabw'okushohoza ebihandiiko ebirikushoboorora obushomankuzi bw'oburuuru obwabaire nibubaho omu karuuru k'eihanga akahweire.

Nambooze akwasirwe emirundi mingi ahabw'emishango etari emwe n'emwe erikukwata aha by'obutegyeki, emirundi mingi erikwetengwa, kwonka nahati takasingirwe omu kooti yoona. [5][6][7][8] Amagara gye gatiinisirwe kandi nangwa yaatwarwa omu irwariro ahabw'emirimo ye y'eby'obutegyeki. [9][10]

== Hindura oze omu kibiina kya NUP ==
Ebiro 13 Okwa munaana omuri 2020, Nambooze akarangirirwa nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|National Unity Platform]], yaayegaita aha mugyenzi we omukiiki omwishengyero Kyagulanyi Sentamu Robert, amanyirwe nka &quot;Bobi Wine&quot;, omwebembezi w'ekibiina. Hamwe n'abandi ba memba b'ekibiina kye, bakataho ekigyendererwa kya 2021, ekigyendererwa ky'ekibiina ky'okwihaho ekibiina ekiri omu butegyeki omu karuuru ka 2021.[11][12]

Omu karuuru k'abajwekyerwa omu ishengyero aka 2021, Namboze akasingura ekisanja ekindi ky'obwebembezi (2021-2026) kujwekyera munisipaali ya Mukono aha tiketi ya NUP bwanyima y'okusingura abu yaabaire ayesimbireho nabo, George Fred Kagimu owa Democratic Party (DP) na Abbas Ssozi owa [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National resistance Movement]] (NRM).[13][14]

Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, akasingura ekisanja ekindi aha tiketi ya NUP kandi naija kuheereza nka omukiiki omwishengyero rya Munisipaali ya Mukono kuruga omuri 2026 kuhisya omuri 2031.[15] Niwe mukiiki omwishengyero rya Mukono Municipality omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[16]

Ebiro 19 Okwa ikumi, poriisi ekakora okucondooza aha kurumbwa kw'eka ya Nambooze. Bakazoora ebiso bibiri ebisya ebyasherekirwe omu kikapu omu musiri mukye gw'entungo.[17][18]

Akagaruka yaatooranwa nk'omukiiki omwishengyero rya Mukono Municipality mu Uganda's 12th Parliament (2026–2031) ahansi y'ekibiina kya National Unity Platform (NUP). Akasingura akaruuru k'abajwekyerwa omu ishengyero aka 2026 bwanyima y'okurangirirwa nk'omusinguzi kuruga omu kitongore ky'eby'oburuuru. Akarahira hamwe n'abandi bany'eishengyero aha ishengyero omuri Kampala, arikutandika orugyendo rwe omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[20]

Niwe mukuru w'akakiiko k'eishengyero akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti z'ebyanga omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[21]
== Emirimo y'eishengyero ==
Nambooze naashutama aha kakiiko akarikukurira abakozi ba gavumenti hamwe na gavumenti z'ebyanga hamwe n'akakiiko akarikukurira ebitabo bya gavumenti z'ebyanga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Amagara ge ==
Omu Kwa ikumi na kumwe omu mwaka gwa 2002, Betty Nambooze akashwerwa Henry Bakireke, ou yaabaire yaabugaine akiri omu siniya omu myaka ya 1980. Boona hamwe, n'abazaire b'abaana abarikuhingura mukaaga, abubarikuzaara hamwe n'abarikureebererwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Reeba n'ebi ==

* [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda]]
* Charles Ayume

== '''Ebihandiiko ebigambirweho''' ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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Betty Nambooze Bakireke, orikumanywa nka '''Betty Nambooze''' (akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju omu mwaka gwa 1969) n'omunyamakuru kandi n'omutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda). Naakora nk'omukiiki omu [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|ishengyero]] ori kujwekyera Munisipaarite ya Mukono omu Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Mukono|Mukono]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;POU (6 January 2016). &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053147/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&amp;n=t&amp;details=t&amp;j=541.000000&amp;const=Mukono+County+North&amp;dist_id=8.000000&amp;distname=Mukono Profile of Mrs. Bakireke Nambooze Betty, Member of Parliament for Mukono County North, Mukono District]&quot;. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Amagara g'obuto n'obwegyese ==
Betty Nambooze akazaarirwa omuri Disiturikiti ya Mukono, ebiro 13 okwa mushanju omu mwaka rwa 1969. Akeegyera aha  ishomero rya Bishop's Senior Secondary School omuri Mukono, yatuunga diguri ye omu mwaka gwa 1986.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Kimbowa, Joseph (4 December 2012). &quot;[http://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=22451:nambooze-bakireke-love-trek-started-in-s3 Nambooze, Bakireke love trek started in S.3]&quot;. ''The Observer (Uganda)''. Kampala. Retrieved 7 January 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Law Development Centre, yaatuunga dipuroma omu biragiiro omu mwaka gwa 1998. Omu mwaka gwa 2010, akatunga dipuroma omu by'entunguuka kuruga omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Martyrs University|Uganda Martyrs University]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Eby'okukora ==
Ebiro 24 okwa kabiri omu mwaka gwa 2016, akakwatwa hamwe n'omujwekyera Moses Kasibante ahabw'okushohoza ebihandiiko ebirikushoboorora obushumanguzi obw'abaireho omu karuuru k'eihanga.

Nambooze akasingwa emirundi mingi ahabw'emishango y'eby'obutegyeki etari emwe n'emwe, kwonka n'obwahati takasingire omushango omu kooti yoona.&lt;ref&gt;Ifex Network (31 March 2017). &quot;[https://www.ifex.org/uganda/2017/03/31/politician-arrest/ Police attack journalists covering arrest of Ugandan opposition MP]&quot;. Ifex.org Quoting Human Rights Network for Journalists - Uganda. Retrieved 23 June 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;hembo, Johnson (23 April 2017). &quot;[http://theinsider.ug/index.php/2017/04/23/good-vs-bad-dp-mp-nambooze-arrested-injured-and-tortured-in-masaka/ Good vs Bad DP: MP Nambooze Arrested, Injured And Tortured in Masaka&quot;.] Kampala: The Insider (Uganda). Retrieved 23 June 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sabano, Jessica (13 June 2018). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Abiriga-killing-MP-Nambooze-arrested/688334-4609806-fsj2pgz/index.html Abiriga murder: MP Nambooze arrested]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 23 June 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sabano, Jessica (13 June 2018). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Abiriga-killing-MP-Nambooze-arrested/688334-4609806-fsj2pgz/index.html Abiriga murder: MP Nambooze arrested]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 23 June 2018&lt;/ref&gt;amagara ge gatinisiibwemu n'obutwa ahabw'emirimo y'eby'obutegyeki.&lt;ref&gt;paseditor (17 September 2018). &quot;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/gallery/2695/leader-opposition-betty-aol-ocan-visits-hon-betty-namboze-her-home-mukono-august-31st The Leader of the Opposition, Betty Aol Ocan visits Hon Betty Namboze at her home in Mukono, August 31st 2018&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Malaba, Tom. &quot;[http://ugandaradionetwork.com/story/police-to-disperse-nambozes-rally Police to Disperse Nambozes Rally]&quot;. ''Uganda Radio Network''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ebiro 13 Okwa munana omu mwaka gwa 2020, Namboozi n'abandi bakegaita aha kibiina eky'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|National Unity Platform]] ekikwebemberwa omweshongozi Kyagulanyi Sentamu Robert [[Wp/nyn/Bobi Wine|Bobi Wine]] ari kuruga omu kibiina kya Democratic Party&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.pmldaily.com/news/2020/08/good-thursday-bobi-wines-budding-nup-party-captures-dp-mps-and-singer-chameleon.html Good Thursday! Bobi Wine's budding NUP captures 11 DP MPs and singer Chameleon]&quot;. ''PML Daily''. 13 August 2020. Retrieved 30 August 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Writer, TRACY TEDDY NAYIGA | PML Daily Staff (14 October 2020). &quot;[https://www.pmldaily.com/news/politics/2020/10/mp-nambooze-appeals-to-nup-losers-to-support-the-flag-bearers.html MP Nambooze appeals to NUP losers to Support the Flag bearers]&quot;. ''PML Daily''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Nambooze hamwe n'abandi ba memba b'ekibiina kye, batandikireho &quot;Mishoni 2021&quot; ekigyendererwa ky'ekibiina ky'okwihaho ekibiina ekiri omu butegyeki omu karuuru akarikwija omu mwaka gwa 2021.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/who-will-succeed-betty-ocan-as-lop--3273482 Who will succeed Betty Ocan as LoP]?&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. 29 January 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/nrm-teams-up-with-dp-to-beat-nambooze-in-mukono-3254784 NRM teams up with DP to beat Nambooze in Mukono]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. 12 January 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Omu karuuru k'abajwekyera omu ishengyero omu mwaka gwa 2021, Nambooze akasingura ekisanja ekindi (2021-2026) kujwekyera munisipaarite  ya [[Wp/nyn/Mukono|Mukono]] aha tiketi ya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|NUP]] bwanyima y'okusingura abarikumuhakaniisa munonga omwami George Fred Kagimu owa Democratic Party (DP) na Abbas Ssozi owa [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.softpower.ug/police-probes-attack-at-mp-namboozes-home/ Police Probes Attack at MP Nambooze's Home - SoftPower News]&quot;. 19 October 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;spyreports. &quot;[https://spyreports.co.ug/news/just-in-mp-betty-nambooze-attacked-at-her-home/ Just In: MP Betty Nambooze Attacked At Her Home]&quot;. Spyreports. Retrieved 16 November 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Ebiro 19  okwa ikumi, poriisi ekakora okucondooza aha kutahirirwa kw'eka ya Betty Nambooze, ahu yaajumbwire emihoro ebiri misya omu musiri mukye gw'enyaanya.&lt;ref&gt;[http://parliamentwatch.ug/so-many-questions-very-few-answers-on-the-43-new-counties/ So many questions, very few answers on the 43 new counties – Parliament Watch]&quot;. ''parliamentwatch.ug''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFD9bnq9jVY The political Life of Hon.Betty Nambooze member of parliament mukono municipality] | People and Power, retrieved 3 April 2021&lt;/ref&gt;

== Okukwata ==
Ebiro 24 Okwa kabiri omuri 2016, akakwatwa kumara akaanya kakye hamwe n'omujwekyerwa Moses Kasibante ahabw'okushohoza ebihandiiko ebirikushoboorora obushomankuzi bw'oburuuru obwabaire nibubaho omu karuuru k'eihanga akahweire.

Nambooze akwasirwe emirundi mingi ahabw'emishango etari emwe n'emwe erikukwata aha by'obutegyeki, emirundi mingi erikwetengwa, kwonka nahati takasingirwe omu kooti yoona. [5][6][7][8] Amagara gye gatiinisirwe kandi nangwa yaatwarwa omu irwariro ahabw'emirimo ye y'eby'obutegyeki. [9][10]

== Hindura oze omu kibiina kya NUP ==
Ebiro 13 Okwa munaana omuri 2020, Nambooze akarangirirwa nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|National Unity Platform]], yaayegaita aha mugyenzi we omukiiki omwishengyero Kyagulanyi Sentamu Robert, amanyirwe nka &quot;Bobi Wine&quot;, omwebembezi w'ekibiina. Hamwe n'abandi ba memba b'ekibiina kye, bakataho ekigyendererwa kya 2021, ekigyendererwa ky'ekibiina ky'okwihaho ekibiina ekiri omu butegyeki omu karuuru ka 2021.[11][12]

Omu karuuru k'abajwekyerwa omu ishengyero aka 2021, Namboze akasingura ekisanja ekindi ky'obwebembezi (2021-2026) kujwekyera munisipaali ya Mukono aha tiketi ya NUP bwanyima y'okusingura abu yaabaire ayesimbireho nabo, George Fred Kagimu owa Democratic Party (DP) na Abbas Ssozi owa [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National resistance Movement]] (NRM).[13][14]

Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, akasingura ekisanja ekindi aha tiketi ya NUP kandi naija kuheereza nka omukiiki omwishengyero rya Munisipaali ya Mukono kuruga omuri 2026 kuhisya omuri 2031.[15] Niwe mukiiki omwishengyero rya Mukono Municipality omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[16]

Ebiro 19 Okwa ikumi, poriisi ekakora okucondooza aha kurumbwa kw'eka ya Nambooze. Bakazoora ebiso bibiri ebisya ebyasherekirwe omu kikapu omu musiri mukye gw'entungo.[17][18]

Akagaruka yaatooranwa nk'omukiiki omwishengyero rya Mukono Municipality mu Uganda's 12th Parliament (2026–2031) ahansi y'ekibiina kya National Unity Platform (NUP). Akasingura akaruuru k'abajwekyerwa omu ishengyero aka 2026 bwanyima y'okurangirirwa nk'omusinguzi kuruga omu kitongore ky'eby'oburuuru. Akarahira hamwe n'abandi bany'eishengyero aha ishengyero omuri Kampala, arikutandika orugyendo rwe omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[20]

Niwe mukuru w'akakiiko k'eishengyero akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti z'ebyanga omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[21]
== Emirimo y'eishengyero ==
Nambooze naashutama aha kakiiko akarikukurira abakozi ba gavumenti hamwe na gavumenti z'ebyanga hamwe n'akakiiko akarikukurira ebitabo bya gavumenti z'ebyanga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Amagara ge ==
Omu Kwa ikumi na kumwe omu mwaka gwa 2002, Betty Nambooze akashwerwa Henry Bakireke, ou yaabaire yaabugaine akiri omu siniya omu myaka ya 1980. Boona hamwe, n'abazaire b'abaana abarikuhingura mukaaga, abubarikuzaara hamwe n'abarikureebererwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Reeba n'ebi ==

* [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda]]
* Charles Ayume

== '''Ebihandiiko ebigambirweho''' ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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Betty Nambooze Bakireke, orikumanywa nka '''Betty Nambooze''' (akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju omu mwaka gwa 1969) n'omunyamakuru kandi n'omutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda). Naakora nk'omukiiki omu [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|ishengyero]] ori kujwekyera Munisipaarite ya Mukono omu Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Mukono|Mukono]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;POU (6 January 2016). &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053147/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&amp;n=t&amp;details=t&amp;j=541.000000&amp;const=Mukono+County+North&amp;dist_id=8.000000&amp;distname=Mukono Profile of Mrs. Bakireke Nambooze Betty, Member of Parliament for Mukono County North, Mukono District]&quot;. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Amagara g'obuto n'obwegyese''' ==
Betty Nambooze akazaarirwa omuri Disiturikiti ya Mukono, ebiro 13 okwa mushanju omu mwaka rwa 1969. Akeegyera aha  ishomero rya Bishop's Senior Secondary School omuri Mukono, yatuunga diguri ye omu mwaka gwa 1986.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Kimbowa, Joseph (4 December 2012). &quot;[http://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=22451:nambooze-bakireke-love-trek-started-in-s3 Nambooze, Bakireke love trek started in S.3]&quot;. ''The Observer (Uganda)''. Kampala. Retrieved 7 January 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Law Development Centre, yaatuunga dipuroma omu biragiiro omu mwaka gwa 1998. Omu mwaka gwa 2010, akatunga dipuroma omu by'entunguuka kuruga omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Martyrs University|Uganda Martyrs University]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Eby'okukora ==
Ebiro 24 okwa kabiri omu mwaka gwa 2016, akakwatwa hamwe n'omujwekyera Moses Kasibante ahabw'okushohoza ebihandiiko ebirikushoboorora obushumanguzi obw'abaireho omu karuuru k'eihanga.

Nambooze akasingwa emirundi mingi ahabw'emishango y'eby'obutegyeki etari emwe n'emwe, kwonka n'obwahati takasingire omushango omu kooti yoona.&lt;ref&gt;Ifex Network (31 March 2017). &quot;[https://www.ifex.org/uganda/2017/03/31/politician-arrest/ Police attack journalists covering arrest of Ugandan opposition MP]&quot;. Ifex.org Quoting Human Rights Network for Journalists - Uganda. Retrieved 23 June 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;hembo, Johnson (23 April 2017). &quot;[http://theinsider.ug/index.php/2017/04/23/good-vs-bad-dp-mp-nambooze-arrested-injured-and-tortured-in-masaka/ Good vs Bad DP: MP Nambooze Arrested, Injured And Tortured in Masaka&quot;.] Kampala: The Insider (Uganda). Retrieved 23 June 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sabano, Jessica (13 June 2018). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Abiriga-killing-MP-Nambooze-arrested/688334-4609806-fsj2pgz/index.html Abiriga murder: MP Nambooze arrested]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 23 June 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sabano, Jessica (13 June 2018). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Abiriga-killing-MP-Nambooze-arrested/688334-4609806-fsj2pgz/index.html Abiriga murder: MP Nambooze arrested]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 23 June 2018&lt;/ref&gt;amagara ge gatinisiibwemu n'obutwa ahabw'emirimo y'eby'obutegyeki.&lt;ref&gt;paseditor (17 September 2018). &quot;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/gallery/2695/leader-opposition-betty-aol-ocan-visits-hon-betty-namboze-her-home-mukono-august-31st The Leader of the Opposition, Betty Aol Ocan visits Hon Betty Namboze at her home in Mukono, August 31st 2018&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Malaba, Tom. &quot;[http://ugandaradionetwork.com/story/police-to-disperse-nambozes-rally Police to Disperse Nambozes Rally]&quot;. ''Uganda Radio Network''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ebiro 13 Okwa munana omu mwaka gwa 2020, Namboozi n'abandi bakegaita aha kibiina eky'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|National Unity Platform]] ekikwebemberwa omweshongozi Kyagulanyi Sentamu Robert [[Wp/nyn/Bobi Wine|Bobi Wine]] ari kuruga omu kibiina kya Democratic Party&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.pmldaily.com/news/2020/08/good-thursday-bobi-wines-budding-nup-party-captures-dp-mps-and-singer-chameleon.html Good Thursday! Bobi Wine's budding NUP captures 11 DP MPs and singer Chameleon]&quot;. ''PML Daily''. 13 August 2020. Retrieved 30 August 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Writer, TRACY TEDDY NAYIGA | PML Daily Staff (14 October 2020). &quot;[https://www.pmldaily.com/news/politics/2020/10/mp-nambooze-appeals-to-nup-losers-to-support-the-flag-bearers.html MP Nambooze appeals to NUP losers to Support the Flag bearers]&quot;. ''PML Daily''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Nambooze hamwe n'abandi ba memba b'ekibiina kye, batandikireho &quot;Mishoni 2021&quot; ekigyendererwa ky'ekibiina ky'okwihaho ekibiina ekiri omu butegyeki omu karuuru akarikwija omu mwaka gwa 2021.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/who-will-succeed-betty-ocan-as-lop--3273482 Who will succeed Betty Ocan as LoP]?&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. 29 January 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/nrm-teams-up-with-dp-to-beat-nambooze-in-mukono-3254784 NRM teams up with DP to beat Nambooze in Mukono]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. 12 January 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Omu karuuru k'abajwekyera omu ishengyero omu mwaka gwa 2021, Nambooze akasingura ekisanja ekindi (2021-2026) kujwekyera munisipaarite  ya [[Wp/nyn/Mukono|Mukono]] aha tiketi ya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|NUP]] bwanyima y'okusingura abarikumuhakaniisa munonga omwami George Fred Kagimu owa Democratic Party (DP) na Abbas Ssozi owa [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.softpower.ug/police-probes-attack-at-mp-namboozes-home/ Police Probes Attack at MP Nambooze's Home - SoftPower News]&quot;. 19 October 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;spyreports. &quot;[https://spyreports.co.ug/news/just-in-mp-betty-nambooze-attacked-at-her-home/ Just In: MP Betty Nambooze Attacked At Her Home]&quot;. Spyreports. Retrieved 16 November 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Ebiro 19  okwa ikumi, poriisi ekakora okucondooza aha kutahirirwa kw'eka ya Betty Nambooze, ahu yaajumbwire emihoro ebiri misya omu musiri mukye gw'enyaanya.&lt;ref&gt;[http://parliamentwatch.ug/so-many-questions-very-few-answers-on-the-43-new-counties/ So many questions, very few answers on the 43 new counties – Parliament Watch]&quot;. ''parliamentwatch.ug''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFD9bnq9jVY The political Life of Hon.Betty Nambooze member of parliament mukono municipality] | People and Power, retrieved 3 April 2021&lt;/ref&gt;

== Okukwata ==
Ebiro 24 Okwa kabiri omuri 2016, akakwatwa kumara akaanya kakye hamwe n'omujwekyerwa Moses Kasibante ahabw'okushohoza ebihandiiko ebirikushoboorora obushomankuzi bw'oburuuru obwabaire nibubaho omu karuuru k'eihanga akahweire.

Nambooze akwasirwe emirundi mingi ahabw'emishango etari emwe n'emwe erikukwata aha by'obutegyeki, emirundi mingi erikwetengwa, kwonka nahati takasingirwe omu kooti yoona. [5][6][7][8] Amagara gye gatiinisirwe kandi nangwa yaatwarwa omu irwariro ahabw'emirimo ye y'eby'obutegyeki. [9][10]

== Hindura oze omu kibiina kya NUP ==
Ebiro 13 Okwa munaana omuri 2020, Nambooze akarangirirwa nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|National Unity Platform]], yaayegaita aha mugyenzi we omukiiki omwishengyero Kyagulanyi Sentamu Robert, amanyirwe nka &quot;Bobi Wine&quot;, omwebembezi w'ekibiina. Hamwe n'abandi ba memba b'ekibiina kye, bakataho ekigyendererwa kya 2021, ekigyendererwa ky'ekibiina ky'okwihaho ekibiina ekiri omu butegyeki omu karuuru ka 2021.[11][12]

Omu karuuru k'abajwekyerwa omu ishengyero aka 2021, Namboze akasingura ekisanja ekindi ky'obwebembezi (2021-2026) kujwekyera munisipaali ya Mukono aha tiketi ya NUP bwanyima y'okusingura abu yaabaire ayesimbireho nabo, George Fred Kagimu owa Democratic Party (DP) na Abbas Ssozi owa [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National resistance Movement]] (NRM).[13][14]

Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, akasingura ekisanja ekindi aha tiketi ya NUP kandi naija kuheereza nka omukiiki omwishengyero rya Munisipaali ya Mukono kuruga omuri 2026 kuhisya omuri 2031.[15] Niwe mukiiki omwishengyero rya Mukono Municipality omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[16]

Ebiro 19 Okwa ikumi, poriisi ekakora okucondooza aha kurumbwa kw'eka ya Nambooze. Bakazoora ebiso bibiri ebisya ebyasherekirwe omu kikapu omu musiri mukye gw'entungo.[17][18]

Akagaruka yaatooranwa nk'omukiiki omwishengyero rya Mukono Municipality mu Uganda's 12th Parliament (2026–2031) ahansi y'ekibiina kya National Unity Platform (NUP). Akasingura akaruuru k'abajwekyerwa omu ishengyero aka 2026 bwanyima y'okurangirirwa nk'omusinguzi kuruga omu kitongore ky'eby'oburuuru. Akarahira hamwe n'abandi bany'eishengyero aha ishengyero omuri Kampala, arikutandika orugyendo rwe omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[20]

Niwe mukuru w'akakiiko k'eishengyero akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti z'ebyanga omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[21]
== Emirimo y'eishengyero ==
Nambooze naashutama aha kakiiko akarikukurira abakozi ba gavumenti hamwe na gavumenti z'ebyanga hamwe n'akakiiko akarikukurira ebitabo bya gavumenti z'ebyanga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Amagara ge ==
Omu Kwa ikumi na kumwe omu mwaka gwa 2002, Betty Nambooze akashwerwa Henry Bakireke, ou yaabaire yaabugaine akiri omu siniya omu myaka ya 1980. Boona hamwe, n'abazaire b'abaana abarikuhingura mukaaga, abubarikuzaara hamwe n'abarikureebererwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Reeba n'ebi ==

* [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda]]
* Charles Ayume

== '''Ebihandiiko ebigambirweho''' ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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Betty Nambooze Bakireke, orikumanywa nka '''Betty Nambooze''' (akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju omu mwaka gwa 1969) n'omunyamakuru kandi n'omutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda). Naakora nk'omukiiki omu [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|ishengyero]] ori kujwekyera Munisipaarite ya Mukono omu Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Mukono|Mukono]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;POU (6 January 2016). &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053147/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&amp;n=t&amp;details=t&amp;j=541.000000&amp;const=Mukono+County+North&amp;dist_id=8.000000&amp;distname=Mukono Profile of Mrs. Bakireke Nambooze Betty, Member of Parliament for Mukono County North, Mukono District]&quot;. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Amagara g'obuto n'obwegyese''' ==
Betty Nambooze akazaarirwa omuri Disiturikiti ya Mukono, ebiro 13 okwa mushanju omu mwaka rwa 1969. Akegyera aha  ishomero rya Bishop's Senior Secondary School omuri Mukono, yatuunga diguri ye omu mwaka gwa 1986.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Kimbowa, Joseph (4 December 2012). &quot;[http://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=22451:nambooze-bakireke-love-trek-started-in-s3 Nambooze, Bakireke love trek started in S.3]&quot;. ''The Observer (Uganda)''. Kampala. Retrieved 7 January 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Law Development Centre, yaatuunga dipuroma omu biragiiro omu mwaka gwa 1998. Omu mwaka gwa 2010, akatunga dipuroma omu by'entunguuka kuruga omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Martyrs University|Uganda Martyrs University]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Eby'okukora ==
Ebiro 24 okwa kabiri omu mwaka gwa 2016, akakwatwa hamwe n'omujwekyera Moses Kasibante ahabw'okushohoza ebihandiiko ebirikushoboorora obushumanguzi obw'abaireho omu karuuru k'eihanga.

Nambooze akasingwa emirundi mingi ahabw'emishango y'eby'obutegyeki etari emwe n'emwe, kwonka n'obwahati takasingire omushango omu kooti yoona.&lt;ref&gt;Ifex Network (31 March 2017). &quot;[https://www.ifex.org/uganda/2017/03/31/politician-arrest/ Police attack journalists covering arrest of Ugandan opposition MP]&quot;. Ifex.org Quoting Human Rights Network for Journalists - Uganda. Retrieved 23 June 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;hembo, Johnson (23 April 2017). &quot;[http://theinsider.ug/index.php/2017/04/23/good-vs-bad-dp-mp-nambooze-arrested-injured-and-tortured-in-masaka/ Good vs Bad DP: MP Nambooze Arrested, Injured And Tortured in Masaka&quot;.] Kampala: The Insider (Uganda). Retrieved 23 June 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sabano, Jessica (13 June 2018). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Abiriga-killing-MP-Nambooze-arrested/688334-4609806-fsj2pgz/index.html Abiriga murder: MP Nambooze arrested]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 23 June 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sabano, Jessica (13 June 2018). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Abiriga-killing-MP-Nambooze-arrested/688334-4609806-fsj2pgz/index.html Abiriga murder: MP Nambooze arrested]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 23 June 2018&lt;/ref&gt;amagara ge gatinisiibwemu n'obutwa ahabw'emirimo y'eby'obutegyeki.&lt;ref&gt;paseditor (17 September 2018). &quot;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/gallery/2695/leader-opposition-betty-aol-ocan-visits-hon-betty-namboze-her-home-mukono-august-31st The Leader of the Opposition, Betty Aol Ocan visits Hon Betty Namboze at her home in Mukono, August 31st 2018&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Malaba, Tom. &quot;[http://ugandaradionetwork.com/story/police-to-disperse-nambozes-rally Police to Disperse Nambozes Rally]&quot;. ''Uganda Radio Network''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ebiro 13 Okwa munana omu mwaka gwa 2020, Namboozi n'abandi bakegaita aha kibiina eky'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|National Unity Platform]] ekikwebemberwa omweshongozi Kyagulanyi Sentamu Robert [[Wp/nyn/Bobi Wine|Bobi Wine]] ari kuruga omu kibiina kya Democratic Party&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.pmldaily.com/news/2020/08/good-thursday-bobi-wines-budding-nup-party-captures-dp-mps-and-singer-chameleon.html Good Thursday! Bobi Wine's budding NUP captures 11 DP MPs and singer Chameleon]&quot;. ''PML Daily''. 13 August 2020. Retrieved 30 August 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Writer, TRACY TEDDY NAYIGA | PML Daily Staff (14 October 2020). &quot;[https://www.pmldaily.com/news/politics/2020/10/mp-nambooze-appeals-to-nup-losers-to-support-the-flag-bearers.html MP Nambooze appeals to NUP losers to Support the Flag bearers]&quot;. ''PML Daily''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Nambooze hamwe n'abandi ba memba b'ekibiina kye, batandikireho &quot;Mishoni 2021&quot; ekigyendererwa ky'ekibiina ky'okwihaho ekibiina ekiri omu butegyeki omu karuuru akarikwija omu mwaka gwa 2021.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/who-will-succeed-betty-ocan-as-lop--3273482 Who will succeed Betty Ocan as LoP]?&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. 29 January 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/nrm-teams-up-with-dp-to-beat-nambooze-in-mukono-3254784 NRM teams up with DP to beat Nambooze in Mukono]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. 12 January 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Omu karuuru k'abajwekyera omu ishengyero omu mwaka gwa 2021, Nambooze akasingura ekisanja ekindi (2021-2026) kujwekyera munisipaarite  ya [[Wp/nyn/Mukono|Mukono]] aha tiketi ya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|NUP]] bwanyima y'okusingura abarikumuhakaniisa munonga omwami George Fred Kagimu owa Democratic Party (DP) na Abbas Ssozi owa [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.softpower.ug/police-probes-attack-at-mp-namboozes-home/ Police Probes Attack at MP Nambooze's Home - SoftPower News]&quot;. 19 October 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;spyreports. &quot;[https://spyreports.co.ug/news/just-in-mp-betty-nambooze-attacked-at-her-home/ Just In: MP Betty Nambooze Attacked At Her Home]&quot;. Spyreports. Retrieved 16 November 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Ebiro 19  okwa ikumi, poriisi ekakora okucondooza aha kutahirirwa kw'eka ya Betty Nambooze, ahu yaajumbwire emihoro ebiri misya omu musiri mukye gw'enyaanya.&lt;ref&gt;[http://parliamentwatch.ug/so-many-questions-very-few-answers-on-the-43-new-counties/ So many questions, very few answers on the 43 new counties – Parliament Watch]&quot;. ''parliamentwatch.ug''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFD9bnq9jVY The political Life of Hon.Betty Nambooze member of parliament mukono municipality] | People and Power, retrieved 3 April 2021&lt;/ref&gt;

== Okukwata ==
Ebiro 24 Okwa kabiri omuri 2016, akakwatwa kumara akaanya kakye hamwe n'omujwekyerwa Moses Kasibante ahabw'okushohoza ebihandiiko ebirikushoboorora obushomankuzi bw'oburuuru obwabaire nibubaho omu karuuru k'eihanga akahweire.

Nambooze akwasirwe emirundi mingi ahabw'emishango etari emwe n'emwe erikukwata aha by'obutegyeki, emirundi mingi erikwetengwa, kwonka nahati takasingirwe omu kooti yoona. [5][6][7][8] Amagara gye gatiinisirwe kandi nangwa yaatwarwa omu irwariro ahabw'emirimo ye y'eby'obutegyeki. [9][10]

== Hindura oze omu kibiina kya NUP ==
Ebiro 13 Okwa munaana omuri 2020, Nambooze akarangirirwa nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|National Unity Platform]], yaayegaita aha mugyenzi we omukiiki omwishengyero Kyagulanyi Sentamu Robert, amanyirwe nka &quot;Bobi Wine&quot;, omwebembezi w'ekibiina. Hamwe n'abandi ba memba b'ekibiina kye, bakataho ekigyendererwa kya 2021, ekigyendererwa ky'ekibiina ky'okwihaho ekibiina ekiri omu butegyeki omu karuuru ka 2021.[11][12]

Omu karuuru k'abajwekyerwa omu ishengyero aka 2021, Namboze akasingura ekisanja ekindi ky'obwebembezi (2021-2026) kujwekyera munisipaali ya Mukono aha tiketi ya NUP bwanyima y'okusingura abu yaabaire ayesimbireho nabo, George Fred Kagimu owa Democratic Party (DP) na Abbas Ssozi owa [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National resistance Movement]] (NRM).[13][14]

Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, akasingura ekisanja ekindi aha tiketi ya NUP kandi naija kuheereza nka omukiiki omwishengyero rya Munisipaali ya Mukono kuruga omuri 2026 kuhisya omuri 2031.[15] Niwe mukiiki omwishengyero rya Mukono Municipality omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[16]

Ebiro 19 Okwa ikumi, poriisi ekakora okucondooza aha kurumbwa kw'eka ya Nambooze. Bakazoora ebiso bibiri ebisya ebyasherekirwe omu kikapu omu musiri mukye gw'entungo.[17][18]

Akagaruka yaatooranwa nk'omukiiki omwishengyero rya Mukono Municipality mu Uganda's 12th Parliament (2026–2031) ahansi y'ekibiina kya National Unity Platform (NUP). Akasingura akaruuru k'abajwekyerwa omu ishengyero aka 2026 bwanyima y'okurangirirwa nk'omusinguzi kuruga omu kitongore ky'eby'oburuuru. Akarahira hamwe n'abandi bany'eishengyero aha ishengyero omuri Kampala, arikutandika orugyendo rwe omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[20]

Niwe mukuru w'akakiiko k'eishengyero akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti z'ebyanga omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[21]
== Emirimo y'eishengyero ==
Nambooze naashutama aha kakiiko akarikukurira abakozi ba gavumenti hamwe na gavumenti z'ebyanga hamwe n'akakiiko akarikukurira ebitabo bya gavumenti z'ebyanga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Amagara ge ==
Omu Kwa ikumi na kumwe omu mwaka gwa 2002, Betty Nambooze akashwerwa Henry Bakireke, ou yaabaire yaabugaine akiri omu siniya omu myaka ya 1980. Boona hamwe, n'abazaire b'abaana abarikuhingura mukaaga, abubarikuzaara hamwe n'abarikureebererwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Reeba n'ebi ==

* [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda]]
* Charles Ayume

== '''Ebihandiiko ebigambirweho''' ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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Betty Nambooze Bakireke, orikumanywa nka '''Betty Nambooze''' (akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju omu mwaka gwa 1969) n'omunyamakuru kandi n'omutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda). Naakora nk'omukiiki omu [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|ishengyero]] ori kujwekyera Munisipaarite ya Mukono omu Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Mukono|Mukono]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;POU (6 January 2016). &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053147/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&amp;n=t&amp;details=t&amp;j=541.000000&amp;const=Mukono+County+North&amp;dist_id=8.000000&amp;distname=Mukono Profile of Mrs. Bakireke Nambooze Betty, Member of Parliament for Mukono County North, Mukono District]&quot;. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Amagara g'obuto n'obwegyese''' ==
Betty Nambooze akazaarirwa omuri Disiturikiti ya Mukono, ebiro 13 okwa mushanju omu mwaka rwa 1969. Akegyera aha  ishomero rya Bishop's Senior Secondary School omuri Mukono, yatuunga diguri ye omu mwaka gwa 1986.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Kimbowa, Joseph (4 December 2012). &quot;[http://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=22451:nambooze-bakireke-love-trek-started-in-s3 Nambooze, Bakireke love trek started in S.3]&quot;. ''The Observer (Uganda)''. Kampala. Retrieved 7 January 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Law Development Centre, yaatuunga dipuroma omu biragiiro omu mwaka gwa 1998. Omu mwaka gwa 2010, akatunga dipuroma omu by'entunguuka kuruga omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Martyrs University|Uganda Martyrs University]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Eby'okukora ==
Ebiro 24 okwa kabiri omu mwaka gwa 2016, akakwatwa hamwe n'omujwekyera Moses Kasibante ahabw'okushohoza ebihandiiko ebirikushoboorora obushumankuzi obw'abaireho omu karuuru k'eihanga.

Nambooze akasingwa emirundi mingi ahabw'emishango y'eby'obutegyeki etari emwe n'emwe, kwonka n'obwahati takasingire omushango omu kooti yoona.&lt;ref&gt;Ifex Network (31 March 2017). &quot;[https://www.ifex.org/uganda/2017/03/31/politician-arrest/ Police attack journalists covering arrest of Ugandan opposition MP]&quot;. Ifex.org Quoting Human Rights Network for Journalists - Uganda. Retrieved 23 June 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;hembo, Johnson (23 April 2017). &quot;[http://theinsider.ug/index.php/2017/04/23/good-vs-bad-dp-mp-nambooze-arrested-injured-and-tortured-in-masaka/ Good vs Bad DP: MP Nambooze Arrested, Injured And Tortured in Masaka&quot;.] Kampala: The Insider (Uganda). Retrieved 23 June 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sabano, Jessica (13 June 2018). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Abiriga-killing-MP-Nambooze-arrested/688334-4609806-fsj2pgz/index.html Abiriga murder: MP Nambooze arrested]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 23 June 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sabano, Jessica (13 June 2018). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Abiriga-killing-MP-Nambooze-arrested/688334-4609806-fsj2pgz/index.html Abiriga murder: MP Nambooze arrested]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 23 June 2018&lt;/ref&gt;amagara ge gatinisiibwemu n'obutwa ahabw'emirimo y'eby'obutegyeki.&lt;ref&gt;paseditor (17 September 2018). &quot;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/gallery/2695/leader-opposition-betty-aol-ocan-visits-hon-betty-namboze-her-home-mukono-august-31st The Leader of the Opposition, Betty Aol Ocan visits Hon Betty Namboze at her home in Mukono, August 31st 2018&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Malaba, Tom. &quot;[http://ugandaradionetwork.com/story/police-to-disperse-nambozes-rally Police to Disperse Nambozes Rally]&quot;. ''Uganda Radio Network''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ebiro 13 Okwa munana omu mwaka gwa 2020, Namboozi n'abandi bakegaita aha kibiina eky'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|National Unity Platform]] ekikwebemberwa omweshongozi Kyagulanyi Sentamu Robert [[Wp/nyn/Bobi Wine|Bobi Wine]] ari kuruga omu kibiina kya Democratic Party&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.pmldaily.com/news/2020/08/good-thursday-bobi-wines-budding-nup-party-captures-dp-mps-and-singer-chameleon.html Good Thursday! Bobi Wine's budding NUP captures 11 DP MPs and singer Chameleon]&quot;. ''PML Daily''. 13 August 2020. Retrieved 30 August 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Writer, TRACY TEDDY NAYIGA | PML Daily Staff (14 October 2020). &quot;[https://www.pmldaily.com/news/politics/2020/10/mp-nambooze-appeals-to-nup-losers-to-support-the-flag-bearers.html MP Nambooze appeals to NUP losers to Support the Flag bearers]&quot;. ''PML Daily''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Nambooze hamwe n'abandi ba memba b'ekibiina kye, batandikireho &quot;Mishoni 2021&quot; ekigyendererwa ky'ekibiina ky'okwihaho ekibiina ekiri omu butegyeki omu karuuru akarikwija omu mwaka gwa 2021.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/who-will-succeed-betty-ocan-as-lop--3273482 Who will succeed Betty Ocan as LoP]?&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. 29 January 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/nrm-teams-up-with-dp-to-beat-nambooze-in-mukono-3254784 NRM teams up with DP to beat Nambooze in Mukono]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. 12 January 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Omu karuuru k'abajwekyera omu ishengyero omu mwaka gwa 2021, Nambooze akasingura ekisanja ekindi (2021-2026) kujwekyera munisipaarite  ya [[Wp/nyn/Mukono|Mukono]] aha tiketi ya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|NUP]] bwanyima y'okusingura abarikumuhakaniisa munonga omwami George Fred Kagimu owa Democratic Party (DP) na Abbas Ssozi owa [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.softpower.ug/police-probes-attack-at-mp-namboozes-home/ Police Probes Attack at MP Nambooze's Home - SoftPower News]&quot;. 19 October 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;spyreports. &quot;[https://spyreports.co.ug/news/just-in-mp-betty-nambooze-attacked-at-her-home/ Just In: MP Betty Nambooze Attacked At Her Home]&quot;. Spyreports. Retrieved 16 November 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Ebiro 19  okwa ikumi, poriisi ekakora okucondooza aha kutahirirwa kw'eka ya Betty Nambooze, ahu yaajumbwire emihoro ebiri misya omu musiri mukye gw'enyaanya.&lt;ref&gt;[http://parliamentwatch.ug/so-many-questions-very-few-answers-on-the-43-new-counties/ So many questions, very few answers on the 43 new counties – Parliament Watch]&quot;. ''parliamentwatch.ug''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFD9bnq9jVY The political Life of Hon.Betty Nambooze member of parliament mukono municipality] | People and Power, retrieved 3 April 2021&lt;/ref&gt;

== Okukwata ==
Ebiro 24 Okwa kabiri omuri 2016, akakwatwa kumara akaanya kakye hamwe n'omujwekyerwa Moses Kasibante ahabw'okushohoza ebihandiiko ebirikushoboorora obushomankuzi bw'oburuuru obwabaire nibubaho omu karuuru k'eihanga akahweire.

Nambooze akwasirwe emirundi mingi ahabw'emishango etari emwe n'emwe erikukwata aha by'obutegyeki, emirundi mingi erikwetengwa, kwonka nahati takasingirwe omu kooti yoona. [5][6][7][8] Amagara gye gatiinisirwe kandi nangwa yaatwarwa omu irwariro ahabw'emirimo ye y'eby'obutegyeki. [9][10]

== Hindura oze omu kibiina kya NUP ==
Ebiro 13 Okwa munaana omuri 2020, Nambooze akarangirirwa nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|National Unity Platform]], yaayegaita aha mugyenzi we omukiiki omwishengyero Kyagulanyi Sentamu Robert, amanyirwe nka &quot;Bobi Wine&quot;, omwebembezi w'ekibiina. Hamwe n'abandi ba memba b'ekibiina kye, bakataho ekigyendererwa kya 2021, ekigyendererwa ky'ekibiina ky'okwihaho ekibiina ekiri omu butegyeki omu karuuru ka 2021.[11][12]

Omu karuuru k'abajwekyerwa omu ishengyero aka 2021, Namboze akasingura ekisanja ekindi ky'obwebembezi (2021-2026) kujwekyera munisipaali ya Mukono aha tiketi ya NUP bwanyima y'okusingura abu yaabaire ayesimbireho nabo, George Fred Kagimu owa Democratic Party (DP) na Abbas Ssozi owa [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National resistance Movement]] (NRM).[13][14]

Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, akasingura ekisanja ekindi aha tiketi ya NUP kandi naija kuheereza nka omukiiki omwishengyero rya Munisipaali ya Mukono kuruga omuri 2026 kuhisya omuri 2031.[15] Niwe mukiiki omwishengyero rya Mukono Municipality omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[16]

Ebiro 19 Okwa ikumi, poriisi ekakora okucondooza aha kurumbwa kw'eka ya Nambooze. Bakazoora ebiso bibiri ebisya ebyasherekirwe omu kikapu omu musiri mukye gw'entungo.[17][18]

Akagaruka yaatooranwa nk'omukiiki omwishengyero rya Mukono Municipality mu Uganda's 12th Parliament (2026–2031) ahansi y'ekibiina kya National Unity Platform (NUP). Akasingura akaruuru k'abajwekyerwa omu ishengyero aka 2026 bwanyima y'okurangirirwa nk'omusinguzi kuruga omu kitongore ky'eby'oburuuru. Akarahira hamwe n'abandi bany'eishengyero aha ishengyero omuri Kampala, arikutandika orugyendo rwe omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[20]

Niwe mukuru w'akakiiko k'eishengyero akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti z'ebyanga omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[21]
== Emirimo y'eishengyero ==
Nambooze naashutama aha kakiiko akarikukurira abakozi ba gavumenti hamwe na gavumenti z'ebyanga hamwe n'akakiiko akarikukurira ebitabo bya gavumenti z'ebyanga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Amagara ge ==
Omu Kwa ikumi na kumwe omu mwaka gwa 2002, Betty Nambooze akashwerwa Henry Bakireke, ou yaabaire yaabugaine akiri omu siniya omu myaka ya 1980. Boona hamwe, n'abazaire b'abaana abarikuhingura mukaaga, abubarikuzaara hamwe n'abarikureebererwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Reeba n'ebi ==

* [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda]]
* Charles Ayume

== '''Ebihandiiko ebigambirweho''' ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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Betty Nambooze Bakireke, orikumanywa nka '''Betty Nambooze''' (akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwa mushanju omu mwaka gwa 1969) n'omunyamakuru kandi n'omutegyeki omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda). Naakora nk'omukiiki omu [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|ishengyero]] ori kujwekyera Munisipaarite ya Mukono omu Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Mukono|Mukono]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;POU (6 January 2016). &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053147/http://www.parliament.go.ug/mpdata/mps.hei?p=f&amp;n=t&amp;details=t&amp;j=541.000000&amp;const=Mukono+County+North&amp;dist_id=8.000000&amp;distname=Mukono Profile of Mrs. Bakireke Nambooze Betty, Member of Parliament for Mukono County North, Mukono District]&quot;. Parliament of Uganda (POU). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Amagara g'obuto n'obwegyese''' ==
Betty Nambooze akazaarirwa omuri Disiturikiti ya Mukono, ebiro 13 okwa mushanju omu mwaka rwa 1969. Akegyera aha  ishomero rya Bishop's Senior Secondary School omuri Mukono, yatuunga diguri ye omu mwaka gwa 1986.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Kimbowa, Joseph (4 December 2012). &quot;[http://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=22451:nambooze-bakireke-love-trek-started-in-s3 Nambooze, Bakireke love trek started in S.3]&quot;. ''The Observer (Uganda)''. Kampala. Retrieved 7 January 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bwanyima akaza omu ishomero rya Law Development Centre, yaatuunga dipuroma omu biragiiro omu mwaka gwa 1998. Omu mwaka gwa 2010, akatunga dipuroma omu by'entunguuka kuruga omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Martyrs University|Uganda Martyrs University]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Eby'okukora ==
Ebiro 24 okwa kabiri omu mwaka gwa 2016, akakwatwa hamwe n'omujwekyera Moses Kasibante ahabw'okushohoza ebihandiiko ebirikushoboorora obushumankuzi obw'abaireho omu karuuru k'eihanga.

Nambooze akasingwa emirundi mingi ahabw'emishango y'eby'obutegyeki etari emwe n'emwe, kwonka n'obwahati takasingire omushango omu kooti yoona.&lt;ref&gt;Ifex Network (31 March 2017). &quot;[https://www.ifex.org/uganda/2017/03/31/politician-arrest/ Police attack journalists covering arrest of Ugandan opposition MP]&quot;. Ifex.org Quoting Human Rights Network for Journalists - Uganda. Retrieved 23 June 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;hembo, Johnson (23 April 2017). &quot;[http://theinsider.ug/index.php/2017/04/23/good-vs-bad-dp-mp-nambooze-arrested-injured-and-tortured-in-masaka/ Good vs Bad DP: MP Nambooze Arrested, Injured And Tortured in Masaka&quot;.] Kampala: The Insider (Uganda). Retrieved 23 June 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sabano, Jessica (13 June 2018). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Abiriga-killing-MP-Nambooze-arrested/688334-4609806-fsj2pgz/index.html Abiriga murder: MP Nambooze arrested]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 23 June 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Sabano, Jessica (13 June 2018). &quot;[http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Abiriga-killing-MP-Nambooze-arrested/688334-4609806-fsj2pgz/index.html Abiriga murder: MP Nambooze arrested]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. Kampala. Retrieved 23 June 2018&lt;/ref&gt;amagara ge gatinisiibwemu n'obutwa ahabw'emirimo y'eby'obutegyeki.&lt;ref&gt;paseditor (17 September 2018). &quot;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/gallery/2695/leader-opposition-betty-aol-ocan-visits-hon-betty-namboze-her-home-mukono-august-31st The Leader of the Opposition, Betty Aol Ocan visits Hon Betty Namboze at her home in Mukono, August 31st 2018&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Malaba, Tom. &quot;[http://ugandaradionetwork.com/story/police-to-disperse-nambozes-rally Police to Disperse Nambozes Rally]&quot;. ''Uganda Radio Network''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ebiro 13 Okwa munana omu mwaka gwa 2020, Namboozi n'abandi bakegaita aha kibiina eky'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|National Unity Platform]] (NUP)ekikwebemberwa omweshongozi Kyagulanyi Sentamu Robert [[Wp/nyn/Bobi Wine|Bobi Wine]] ari kuruga omu kibiina kya Democratic Party&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.pmldaily.com/news/2020/08/good-thursday-bobi-wines-budding-nup-party-captures-dp-mps-and-singer-chameleon.html Good Thursday! Bobi Wine's budding NUP captures 11 DP MPs and singer Chameleon]&quot;. ''PML Daily''. 13 August 2020. Retrieved 30 August 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Writer, TRACY TEDDY NAYIGA | PML Daily Staff (14 October 2020). &quot;[https://www.pmldaily.com/news/politics/2020/10/mp-nambooze-appeals-to-nup-losers-to-support-the-flag-bearers.html MP Nambooze appeals to NUP losers to Support the Flag bearers]&quot;. ''PML Daily''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Nambooze hamwe n'abandi ba memba b'ekibiina kye, batandikireho &quot;Mishoni 2021&quot; ekigyendererwa ky'ekibiina ky'okwihaho ekibiina ekiri omu butegyeki omu karuuru akarikwija omu mwaka gwa 2021.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/who-will-succeed-betty-ocan-as-lop--3273482 Who will succeed Betty Ocan as LoP]?&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. 29 January 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/nrm-teams-up-with-dp-to-beat-nambooze-in-mukono-3254784 NRM teams up with DP to beat Nambooze in Mukono]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor''. 12 January 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Omu karuuru k'abajwekyera omu ishengyero omu mwaka gwa 2021, Nambooze akasingura ekisanja ekindi (2021-2026) kujwekyera munisipaarite  ya [[Wp/nyn/Mukono|Mukono]] aha tiketi ya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|NUP]] bwanyima y'okusingura abarikumuhakaniisa munonga omwami George Fred Kagimu owa Democratic Party (DP) na Abbas Ssozi owa [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.softpower.ug/police-probes-attack-at-mp-namboozes-home/ Police Probes Attack at MP Nambooze's Home - SoftPower News]&quot;. 19 October 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;spyreports. &quot;[https://spyreports.co.ug/news/just-in-mp-betty-nambooze-attacked-at-her-home/ Just In: MP Betty Nambooze Attacked At Her Home]&quot;. Spyreports. Retrieved 16 November 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Ebiro 19  okwa ikumi, poriisi ekakora okucondooza aha kutahirirwa kw'eka ya Betty Nambooze, ahu yaajumbwire emihoro ebiri misya omu musiri mukye gw'enyaanya.&lt;ref&gt;[http://parliamentwatch.ug/so-many-questions-very-few-answers-on-the-43-new-counties/ So many questions, very few answers on the 43 new counties – Parliament Watch]&quot;. ''parliamentwatch.ug''. Retrieved 3 April 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFD9bnq9jVY The political Life of Hon.Betty Nambooze member of parliament mukono municipality] | People and Power, retrieved 3 April 2021&lt;/ref&gt;

== Okukwata ==
Ebiro 24 Okwa kabiri omuri 2016, akakwatwa kumara akaanya kakye hamwe n'omujwekyerwa Moses Kasibante ahabw'okushohoza ebihandiiko ebirikushoboorora obushomankuzi bw'oburuuru obwabaire nibubaho omu karuuru k'eihanga akahweire.

Nambooze akwasirwe emirundi mingi ahabw'emishango etari emwe n'emwe erikukwata aha by'obutegyeki, emirundi mingi erikwetengwa, kwonka nahati takasingirwe omu kooti yoona. [5][6][7][8] Amagara gye gatiinisirwe kandi nangwa yaatwarwa omu irwariro ahabw'emirimo ye y'eby'obutegyeki. [9][10]

== Hindura oze omu kibiina kya NUP ==
Ebiro 13 Okwa munaana omuri 2020, Nambooze akarangirirwa nk'omwebembezi w'ekibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Unity Platform|National Unity Platform]], yaayegaita aha mugyenzi we omukiiki omwishengyero Kyagulanyi Sentamu Robert, amanyirwe nka &quot;Bobi Wine&quot;, omwebembezi w'ekibiina. Hamwe n'abandi ba memba b'ekibiina kye, bakataho ekigyendererwa kya 2021, ekigyendererwa ky'ekibiina ky'okwihaho ekibiina ekiri omu butegyeki omu karuuru ka 2021.[11][12]

Omu karuuru k'abajwekyerwa omu ishengyero aka 2021, Namboze akasingura ekisanja ekindi ky'obwebembezi (2021-2026) kujwekyera munisipaali ya Mukono aha tiketi ya NUP bwanyima y'okusingura abu yaabaire ayesimbireho nabo, George Fred Kagimu owa Democratic Party (DP) na Abbas Ssozi owa [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National resistance Movement]] (NRM).[13][14]

Omu karuuru ka boona aka 2026, akasingura ekisanja ekindi aha tiketi ya NUP kandi naija kuheereza nka omukiiki omwishengyero rya Munisipaali ya Mukono kuruga omuri 2026 kuhisya omuri 2031.[15] Niwe mukiiki omwishengyero rya Mukono Municipality omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[16]

Ebiro 19 Okwa ikumi, poriisi ekakora okucondooza aha kurumbwa kw'eka ya Nambooze. Bakazoora ebiso bibiri ebisya ebyasherekirwe omu kikapu omu musiri mukye gw'entungo.[17][18]

Akagaruka yaatooranwa nk'omukiiki omwishengyero rya Mukono Municipality mu Uganda's 12th Parliament (2026–2031) ahansi y'ekibiina kya National Unity Platform (NUP). Akasingura akaruuru k'abajwekyerwa omu ishengyero aka 2026 bwanyima y'okurangirirwa nk'omusinguzi kuruga omu kitongore ky'eby'oburuuru. Akarahira hamwe n'abandi bany'eishengyero aha ishengyero omuri Kampala, arikutandika orugyendo rwe omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[20]

Niwe mukuru w'akakiiko k'eishengyero akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti z'ebyanga omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 12.[21]
== Emirimo y'eishengyero ==
Nambooze naashutama aha kakiiko akarikukurira abakozi ba gavumenti hamwe na gavumenti z'ebyanga hamwe n'akakiiko akarikukurira ebitabo bya gavumenti z'ebyanga.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== Amagara ge ==
Omu Kwa ikumi na kumwe omu mwaka gwa 2002, Betty Nambooze akashwerwa Henry Bakireke, ou yaabaire yaabugaine akiri omu siniya omu myaka ya 1980. Boona hamwe, n'abazaire b'abaana abarikuhingura mukaaga, abubarikuzaara hamwe n'abarikureebererwa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== Reeba n'ebi ==

* [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda]]
* Charles Ayume

== '''Ebihandiiko ebigambirweho''' ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
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'''Enyanja ya Bunyonyi''' (omwanya gw'ebinyonyi bikye ) eri omu mashuuma gw'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] ahagati ya [[Wp/nyn/Kisoro|Kisoro]] na [[Wp/nyn/Kabale District|Kabale]],&lt;ref&gt;Denny, Patrick (April 1973). &quot;Lakes of south-western Uganda: II. Vegetation studies on Lake Bunyonyi&quot;. ''Freshwater Biology''. '''3''' (2): 123–135. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.1973.tb00067.x. ISSN 0046-5070 &lt;/ref&gt;haihi n'ensharo ya Rwanda. Enyanja ekabaho kuruga omu mwaka gwa 2004 kuhisya omuri 2009 aha sente za Uganda 5,000/= ahansi y'omutwe &quot;Enyanja ya Bunyonyi hamwe n'ebisharara&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-7&lt;/ref&gt;

Ebitabo bya saayansi nibigira  ngu enyanja eine oburingwa bwa mita 40 (130 ft),&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-Green2009-2&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-Denny1972-3&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-Tibihika2016-4&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVisser196281-5&lt;/ref&gt;kwonka abarikuhabura abarambuzi hamwe n'abatuuragye b'aha mwanya nibahamya ngu ni ndingwa kukira aho nka mita 900 (3,000 ft), ekiri kugihindura enyanja ya kabiri erikukirayo oburingwa omuri Afirika.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-8&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-9&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-10&lt;/ref&gt;

Endembo eziri aha rubaju rwayo ,harimu Kyevu na Muko, kandi ebirwa byayo 29 harimu ekirwa ky'ekifubiro hamwe n'ekya Bushara.

== '''Eby'obuhangwa''' ==
Enyanja ya Bunyonyi n'omwanya gw'amaizi omuri disiturikiti ya Kabale nka  kiromita  mushanju (4. 3 mi) omu burengyerwa-izooba bw'orurembo rwa Kabale.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-11&lt;/ref&gt;Niyo erikukirayo  obuhango n'oburingwa omu nyanja nkye ezindi ( Mutanda na Mulehe) omu birwa bya  Kigezi ebiri  omu kicweka kya Nile.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Enyanja ekatandikaho emyaka nka  18,000  enyima ahabw'okubaruka kw'orushozi ekyareeteire haabaho okukingirwa kw'enshozi za Rukiga haihi n'ekyaro kya Muko ekiriho hati omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba bw'enyanja.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-denny72a-12&lt;/ref&gt; obushohororo bw'enyanja obwa hati n'akagyera kakye nako akari omuri Muko akarikutwara  omu kisharara kya Ruvuma (eki nakyo nikitwara omu mugyera gwa Ruhezaminda ogurikuhenderera aha nyanja ya Mutanda). Enyanja eine oburaingwa bwa kiromita nka 22 n'obuhango bwa kiromita 6 kandi n'oburaingwa bwa mita 1973.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;Eyetooroirwe enshozi ezirikuhisya oburingwa bwa  mita 600 ahaiguru y'enyanja.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-13&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Ebirwa ebikuru''' ==
Akampene(ekirwa ky'ebifubiro) 

Abakiga bakaba bareka abaishiki abaabaire baba batwaire enda z'endaaro aha karwa aka kwitirwaho enjara barikugyezaho kuziha kuhika aha nkungu.  (Obumanyi bw'okuziha bukaba buri bukye).&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-Atuhaire-14&lt;/ref&gt; Eki kikaba kikorwa kutiinisa abandi kwenda ngu nabo batatwarira aha mahega . Omushaija owaabaire aba ataine nte  z'okujuga akaba agyenda aha kirwa aihaho omwishikiki .&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;. Ekikorwa eki kikarekwa omu kicweka  ky'okubanza kya sencare ya 20.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

Bwama na Njuyeera (ekirwa kya Sharp's Island) 

Omuri 1921, omubuurizi w'engiri  omujungu Leonard Sharp akaija omu kicweka eki ekya Uganda kandi omuri 1931 akatandikaho eirwariro ry'ebibembe aha kirwa kya Bwama ekyabaire kitarimu bantu.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-15&lt;/ref&gt;Ekanisa, oburaaro bw'abarwaire , hamwe n'eirwariro ry'eby'amagara bikombekwa, obwo Sharp arikutuura aha kirwa kya Njuyeera (ekirikumanyisa &quot; obutuuro oburikwera&quot; bwanyima y'okushushana kw'akaju k'Omushaho n'aka  w ishe wa Sharp omuri Shanklin,  obwa hati eri Hooteeri y'abakungu). Ekigyendererwa ky'okurwanisa ebibembe kikaba kiri eky'abarwaire kweshoroora omu bantu beekundiire kyabaire ahu okujwanga kwabaire nikubaasa kureetaho abarwaire b'ebibembe kukanya , n'ahabw'ekyo baaihwa omu myanya ei baakubaasa kutuririramu abandi. &lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-16&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Emituurire y'ebihangirwe''' ==
Oihireho ebinyonyi eby'omumaizi, n'ebika bikye by'enyamaishwa z'omu maizi ebiri  aha nyanja y'ebirwa egi. Amaizi gaayo gaine okukyendeera kuhango  kw'omwika ogw'okwisya kwiha aha buringwa   bwa mita nka mushanju (ebigyere 23).&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Enyamaishwa zaamwo zirimu ekikyere kya &quot;De Witte's clawed frog&quot;  ekikyere kya &quot;kake Victoria clawed frog &quot;(&quot;bunyoniensis&quot; form), ekikyere kya &quot;African clawless otter &quot; hamwe n'ekikyere kya &quot;spotted-necked otter&quot;, kwonka ekikyere ky'okubanza kyonka nikyo kikirikureebeka omu nyanja.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;Emiringo ena eya &quot;Caridina shrimp&quot; n'eshangwa omu nyanja; &lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-17&lt;/ref&gt; Hariho ebirikworeka ngu nayo neebaasa kubaho omu nyanja Mutanda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;Omu kutandika , hakaba hatariho byenyanja  omu nyanja, kwonka ebyenyanja bya Clarias lycephalus, Nile tilapia, Singida tilapia, haplocromine cichlids ebirikuruga omu nyanja Nalubaale hamwe n'ebyenyanja ebirikutukura eby'omu bisharara hati biriho&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ebimera by'omu maizi  ni bingi munonga kandi birimu ebika nka&quot; papyrus&quot; ,&quot; swamp sawgrass&quot; (subspecies jamaicense) hamwe na &quot;blue lotus&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== '''Eby'oburambuzi''' ==
Enyanja ya Bunyonyi neemanywa munonga ahabw'obushozi bwayo bw'ebitaba bwa  kinyansi burimu emiringo y'ebinyonyi erikuhingura 200. Omwanya nigugaita ebishushani by'ebinyonyi by'omu maizi hamwe n'ebindi ebirikufuruka. Eki nikireetera omwanya gwakurura munonga enkunzi z'ebinyonyi. Waataaha omunda omu  kisharara kya  Nyombi hariyo ebinyonyi bitari bimwe na bimwe. Oihireho okureeba ebinyonyi, omwanya niguha endiijo migisha  Egi eririmu eby'emizaano nk'okuziha  n'okuvuga amaato. Omwanya nigugaruka guha omugisha aha kutemba enshozi hamwe n'okutambura omu by'obuhangwa, ekirikukira aha by'obuhangwa n'okushemererwa. Obuhangwa bw'enzaarwa nabwo nibuhurirwa omu kutambura omu bantu, ahabw'okugira ngu omuntu naabaasa kwemerera aha ibiikiro ry'eby'obuhangwa erya  &quot; Bakiga Cultural Museum Archived 2022-12-08 &quot; aha &quot;Wayback Machine &quot; hamwe n'emyanya y'abaheesi . Omuntu orikwenda kumanya ebirikukwata ahaby'obuhangwa, naabaasa kutaayaayira ekyaro kya Bufuka kumanya entwaza y'Abatwa n'Abakiga.

== '''Oburugo''' ==

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        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
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'''Enyanja ya Bunyonyi''' (omwanya gw'ebinyonyi bikye ) eri omu mashuuma gw'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] (Yuganda)ahagati ya [[Wp/nyn/Kisoro|Kisoro]] na [[Wp/nyn/Kabale District|Kabale]],&lt;ref&gt;Denny, Patrick (April 1973). &quot;Lakes of south-western Uganda: II. Vegetation studies on Lake Bunyonyi&quot;. ''Freshwater Biology''. '''3''' (2): 123–135. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.1973.tb00067.x. ISSN 0046-5070 &lt;/ref&gt;haihi n'ensharo ya Rwanda. Enyanja ekabaho kuruga omu mwaka gwa 2004 kuhisya omuri 2009 aha sente za Uganda 5,000/= ahansi y'omutwe &quot;Enyanja ya Bunyonyi hamwe n'ebisharara&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-7&lt;/ref&gt;

Ebitabo bya saayansi nibigira  ngu enyanja eine oburingwa bwa mita 40 (130 ft),&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-Green2009-2&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-Denny1972-3&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-Tibihika2016-4&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVisser196281-5&lt;/ref&gt;kwonka abarikuhabura abarambuzi hamwe n'abatuuragye b'aha mwanya nibahamya ngu ni ndingwa kukira aho nka mita 900 (3,000 ft), ekiri kugihindura enyanja ya kabiri erikukirayo oburingwa omuri Afirika.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-8&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-9&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-10&lt;/ref&gt;

Endembo eziri aha rubaju rwayo ,harimu Kyevu na Muko, kandi ebirwa byayo 29 harimu ekirwa ky'ekifubiro hamwe n'ekya Bushara.

== '''Eby'obuhangwa''' ==
Enyanja ya Bunyonyi n'omwanya gw'amaizi omuri disiturikiti ya Kabale nka  kiromita  mushanju (4. 3 mi) omu burengyerwa-izooba bw'orurembo rwa Kabale.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-11&lt;/ref&gt;Niyo erikukirayo  obuhango n'oburingwa omu nyanja nkye ezindi ( Mutanda na Mulehe) omu birwa bya  Kigezi ebiri  omu kicweka kya Nile.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Enyanja ekatandikaho emyaka nka  18,000  enyima ahabw'okubaruka kw'orushozi ekyareeteire haabaho okukingirwa kw'enshozi za Rukiga haihi n'ekyaro kya Muko ekiriho hati omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba bw'enyanja.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-denny72a-12&lt;/ref&gt; obushohororo bw'enyanja obwa hati n'akagyera kakye nako akari omuri Muko akarikutwara  omu kisharara kya Ruvuma (eki nakyo nikitwara omu mugyera gwa Ruhezaminda ogurikuhenderera aha nyanja ya Mutanda). Enyanja eine oburaingwa bwa kiromita nka 22 n'obuhango bwa kiromita 6 kandi n'oburaingwa bwa mita 1973.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;Eyetooroirwe enshozi ezirikuhisya oburingwa bwa  mita 600 ahaiguru y'enyanja.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-13&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Ebirwa ebikuru''' ==
Akampene(ekirwa ky'ebifubiro) 

Abakiga bakaba bareka abaishiki abaabaire baba batwaire enda z'endaaro aha karwa aka kwitirwaho enjara barikugyezaho kuziha kuhika aha nkungu.  (Obumanyi bw'okuziha bukaba buri bukye).&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-Atuhaire-14&lt;/ref&gt; Eki kikaba kikorwa kutiinisa abandi kwenda ngu nabo batatwarira aha mahega . Omushaija owaabaire aba ataine nte  z'okujuga akaba agyenda aha kirwa aihaho omwishikiki .&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;. Ekikorwa eki kikarekwa omu kicweka  ky'okubanza kya sencare ya 20.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

Bwama na Njuyeera (ekirwa kya Sharp's Island) 

Omuri 1921, omubuurizi w'engiri  omujungu Leonard Sharp akaija omu kicweka eki ekya Uganda kandi omuri 1931 akatandikaho eirwariro ry'ebibembe aha kirwa kya Bwama ekyabaire kitarimu bantu.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-15&lt;/ref&gt;Ekanisa, oburaaro bw'abarwaire , hamwe n'eirwariro ry'eby'amagara bikombekwa, obwo Sharp arikutuura aha kirwa kya Njuyeera (ekirikumanyisa &quot; obutuuro oburikwera&quot; bwanyima y'okushushana kw'akaju k'Omushaho n'aka  w ishe wa Sharp omuri Shanklin,  obwa hati eri Hooteeri y'abakungu). Ekigyendererwa ky'okurwanisa ebibembe kikaba kiri eky'abarwaire kweshoroora omu bantu beekundiire kyabaire ahu okujwanga kwabaire nikubaasa kureetaho abarwaire b'ebibembe kukanya , n'ahabw'ekyo baaihwa omu myanya ei baakubaasa kutuririramu abandi. &lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-16&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Emituurire y'ebihangirwe''' ==
Oihireho ebinyonyi eby'omumaizi, n'ebika bikye by'enyamaishwa z'omu maizi ebiri  aha nyanja y'ebirwa egi. Amaizi gaayo gaine okukyendeera kuhango  kw'omwika ogw'okwisya kwiha aha buringwa   bwa mita nka mushanju (ebigyere 23).&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Enyamaishwa zaamwo zirimu ekikyere kya &quot;De Witte's clawed frog&quot;  ekikyere kya &quot;kake Victoria clawed frog &quot;(&quot;bunyoniensis&quot; form), ekikyere kya &quot;African clawless otter &quot; hamwe n'ekikyere kya &quot;spotted-necked otter&quot;, kwonka ekikyere ky'okubanza kyonka nikyo kikirikureebeka omu nyanja.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;Emiringo ena eya &quot;Caridina shrimp&quot; n'eshangwa omu nyanja; &lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-17&lt;/ref&gt; Hariho ebirikworeka ngu nayo neebaasa kubaho omu nyanja Mutanda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;Omu kutandika , hakaba hatariho byenyanja  omu nyanja, kwonka ebyenyanja bya Clarias lycephalus, Nile tilapia, Singida tilapia, haplocromine cichlids ebirikuruga omu nyanja Nalubaale hamwe n'ebyenyanja ebirikutukura eby'omu bisharara hati biriho&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ebimera by'omu maizi  ni bingi munonga kandi birimu ebika nka&quot; papyrus&quot; ,&quot; swamp sawgrass&quot; (subspecies jamaicense) hamwe na &quot;blue lotus&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== '''Eby'oburambuzi''' ==
Enyanja ya Bunyonyi neemanywa munonga ahabw'obushozi bwayo bw'ebitaba bwa  kinyansi burimu emiringo y'ebinyonyi erikuhingura 200. Omwanya nigugaita ebishushani by'ebinyonyi by'omu maizi hamwe n'ebindi ebirikufuruka. Eki nikireetera omwanya gwakurura munonga enkunzi z'ebinyonyi. Waataaha omunda omu  kisharara kya  Nyombi hariyo ebinyonyi bitari bimwe na bimwe. Oihireho okureeba ebinyonyi, omwanya niguha endiijo migisha  Egi eririmu eby'emizaano nk'okuziha  n'okuvuga amaato. Omwanya nigugaruka guha omugisha aha kutemba enshozi hamwe n'okutambura omu by'obuhangwa, ekirikukira aha by'obuhangwa n'okushemererwa. Obuhangwa bw'enzaarwa nabwo nibuhurirwa omu kutambura omu bantu, ahabw'okugira ngu omuntu naabaasa kwemerera aha ibiikiro ry'eby'obuhangwa erya  &quot; Bakiga Cultural Museum Archived 2022-12-08 &quot; aha &quot;Wayback Machine &quot; hamwe n'emyanya y'abaheesi . Omuntu orikwenda kumanya ebirikukwata ahaby'obuhangwa, naabaasa kutaayaayira ekyaro kya Bufuka kumanya entwaza y'Abatwa n'Abakiga.

== '''Oburugo''' ==

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        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
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'''Enyanja ya Bunyonyi''' (omwanya gw'ebinyonyi bikye ) eri omu mashuuma gw'oburengyerwa-izooba bwa [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] (Yuganda)ahagati ya [[Wp/nyn/Kisoro|Kisoro]] na [[Wp/nyn/Kabale District|Kabale]],&lt;ref&gt;Denny, Patrick (April 1973). &quot;Lakes of south-western Uganda: II. Vegetation studies on Lake Bunyonyi&quot;. ''Freshwater Biology''. '''3''' (2): 123–135. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.1973.tb00067.x. ISSN 0046-5070 &lt;/ref&gt;haihi n'ensharo ya Rwanda. Enyanja ekabaho kuruga omu mwaka gwa 2004 kuhisya omu mwaka gwa 2009 aha sente za Uganda 5,000/= ahansi y'omutwe &quot;Enyanja ya Bunyonyi hamwe n'ebisharara&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-7&lt;/ref&gt;

Ebitabo bya saayansi nibigira  ngu enyanja eine oburingwa bwa mita 40 (130 ft),&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-Green2009-2&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-Denny1972-3&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-Tibihika2016-4&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVisser196281-5&lt;/ref&gt;kwonka abarikuhabura abarambuzi hamwe n'abatuuragye b'aha mwanya nibahamya ngu ni ndingwa kukira aho nka mita 900 (3,000 ft), ekiri kugihindura enyanja ya kabiri erikukirayo oburingwa omuri Afirika.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-8&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-9&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-10&lt;/ref&gt;

Endembo eziri aha rubaju rwayo ,harimu Kyevu na Muko, kandi ebirwa byayo 29 harimu ekirwa ky'ekifubiro hamwe n'ekya Bushara.

== '''Eby'obuhangwa''' ==
Enyanja ya Bunyonyi n'omwanya gw'amaizi omuri disiturikiti ya Kabale nka  kiromita  mushanju (4. 3 mi) omu burengyerwa-izooba bw'orurembo rwa Kabale.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-11&lt;/ref&gt;Niyo erikukirayo  obuhango n'oburingwa omu nyanja nkye ezindi ( Mutanda na Mulehe) omu birwa bya  Kigezi ebiri  omu kicweka kya Nile.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Enyanja ekatandikaho emyaka nka  18,000  enyima ahabw'okubaruka kw'orushozi ekyareeteire haabaho okukingirwa kw'enshozi za Rukiga haihi n'ekyaro kya Muko ekiriho hati omu matemba g'oburengyerwa-izooba bw'enyanja.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-denny72a-12&lt;/ref&gt; obushohororo bw'enyanja obwa hati n'akagyera kakye nako akari omuri Muko akarikutwara  omu kisharara kya Ruvuma (eki nakyo nikitwara omu mugyera gwa Ruhezaminda ogurikuhenderera aha nyanja ya Mutanda). Enyanja eine oburaingwa bwa kiromita nka 22 n'obuhango bwa kiromita 6 kandi n'oburaingwa bwa mita 1973.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;Eyetooroirwe enshozi ezirikuhisya oburingwa bwa  mita 600 ahaiguru y'enyanja.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-13&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Ebirwa ebikuru''' ==
Akampene(ekirwa ky'ebifubiro) 

Abakiga bakaba bareka abaishiki abaabaire baba batwaire enda z'endaaro aha karwa aka kwitirwaho enjara barikugyezaho kuziha kuhika aha nkungu.  (Obumanyi bw'okuziha bukaba buri bukye).&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-Atuhaire-14&lt;/ref&gt; Eki kikaba kikorwa kutiinisa abandi kwenda ngu nabo batatwarira aha mahega . Omushaija owaabaire aba ataine nte  z'okujuga akaba agyenda aha kirwa aihaho omwishikiki .&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;. Ekikorwa eki kikarekwa omu kicweka  ky'okubanza kya sencare ya 20.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;

Bwama na Njuyeera (ekirwa kya Sharp's Island) 

Omuri 1921, omubuurizi w'engiri  omujungu Leonard Sharp akaija omu kicweka eki ekya Uganda kandi omuri 1931 akatandikaho eirwariro ry'ebibembe aha kirwa kya Bwama ekyabaire kitarimu bantu.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-15&lt;/ref&gt;Ekanisa, oburaaro bw'abarwaire , hamwe n'eirwariro ry'eby'amagara bikombekwa, obwo Sharp arikutuura aha kirwa kya Njuyeera (ekirikumanyisa &quot; obutuuro oburikwera&quot; bwanyima y'okushushana kw'akaju k'Omushaho n'aka  w ishe wa Sharp omuri Shanklin,  obwa hati eri Hooteeri y'abakungu). Ekigyendererwa ky'okurwanisa ebibembe kikaba kiri eky'abarwaire kweshoroora omu bantu beekundiire kyabaire ahu okujwanga kwabaire nikubaasa kureetaho abarwaire b'ebibembe kukanya , n'ahabw'ekyo baaihwa omu myanya ei baakubaasa kutuririramu abandi. &lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-16&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Emituurire y'ebihangirwe''' ==
Oihireho ebinyonyi eby'omumaizi, n'ebika bikye by'enyamaishwa z'omu maizi ebiri  aha nyanja y'ebirwa egi. Amaizi gaayo gaine okukyendeera kuhango  kw'omwika ogw'okwisya kwiha aha buringwa   bwa mita nka mushanju (ebigyere 23).&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Enyamaishwa zaamwo zirimu ekikyere kya &quot;De Witte's clawed frog&quot;  ekikyere kya &quot;kake Victoria clawed frog &quot;(&quot;bunyoniensis&quot; form), ekikyere kya &quot;African clawless otter &quot; hamwe n'ekikyere kya &quot;spotted-necked otter&quot;, kwonka ekikyere ky'okubanza kyonka nikyo kikirikureebeka omu nyanja.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;Emiringo ena eya &quot;Caridina shrimp&quot; n'eshangwa omu nyanja; &lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Bunyonyi#cite_note-17&lt;/ref&gt; Hariho ebirikworeka ngu nayo neebaasa kubaho omu nyanja Mutanda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;Omu kutandika , hakaba hatariho byenyanja  omu nyanja, kwonka ebyenyanja bya Clarias lycephalus, Nile tilapia, Singida tilapia, haplocromine cichlids ebirikuruga omu nyanja Nalubaale hamwe n'ebyenyanja ebirikutukura eby'omu bisharara hati biriho&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Ebimera by'omu maizi  ni bingi munonga kandi birimu ebika nka&quot; papyrus&quot; ,&quot; swamp sawgrass&quot; (subspecies jamaicense) hamwe na &quot;blue lotus&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== '''Eby'oburambuzi''' ==
Enyanja ya Bunyonyi neemanywa munonga ahabw'obushozi bwayo bw'ebitaba bwa  kinyansi burimu emiringo y'ebinyonyi erikuhingura 200. Omwanya nigugaita ebishushani by'ebinyonyi by'omu maizi hamwe n'ebindi ebirikufuruka. Eki nikireetera omwanya gwakurura munonga enkunzi z'ebinyonyi. Waataaha omunda omu  kisharara kya  Nyombi hariyo ebinyonyi bitari bimwe na bimwe. Oihireho okureeba ebinyonyi, omwanya niguha endiijo migisha  Egi eririmu eby'emizaano nk'okuziha  n'okuvuga amaato. Omwanya nigugaruka guha omugisha aha kutemba enshozi hamwe n'okutambura omu by'obuhangwa, ekirikukira aha by'obuhangwa n'okushemererwa. Obuhangwa bw'enzaarwa nabwo nibuhurirwa omu kutambura omu bantu, ahabw'okugira ngu omuntu naabaasa kwemerera aha ibiikiro ry'eby'obuhangwa erya  &quot; Bakiga Cultural Museum Archived 2022-12-08 &quot; aha &quot;Wayback Machine &quot; hamwe n'emyanya y'abaheesi . Omuntu orikwenda kumanya ebirikukwata ahaby'obuhangwa, naabaasa kutaayaayira ekyaro kya Bufuka kumanya entwaza y'Abatwa n'Abakiga.

== '''Oburugo''' ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/acm/4 ايلول</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3627731</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304803</id>
      <parentid>6789467</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:23:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mohammdaon</username>
        <id>1384772</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304803</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1422" sha1="ar8c4nszarmdaky9hsbnu3v7prdvz2t" xml:space="preserve">'''4 أيلول''' او يوم 4 \ 9 (يوم اربعة من شهر التاسع) هوه اليوم الميتين وسبعة واربعين (247) من السنة البسيطة، او اليوم الميتين وثمانية واربعين (248) من السنة الكبيسة حسب التقويم الميلادي. باقي بعد 118 يوم وتنتهي السنة.

== الأحداث ==
* 1998 - تأسيس موقع البحث گوگل على ايد سيرگي برين ولاري بايگ.
* 2010 - نادي دهوك يحصل على لقب الدوري العراقي لأول مرة بتاريخة.

== ولادات ==
* 1958 - إنعام الربيعي، ممثلة عراقية.

== وفيات ==
* 

== أعياد ومناسبات ==
* عيد المهاجرين بالأرجنتين.
* يوم مهنة الصحافة بأمريكا.

== مصادر ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160904110132/http://www.qna.org.qa/ThisDayInHistory وكالة الأنباء القطرية: حدث في مثل هذا اليوم.]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20210225002217/https://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/on-this-day/september-4/ النيويورك تايمز: حدث في مثل هذا اليوم.]
* [https://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/4 BBC: حدث في مثل هذا اليوم.]

{{Wp/acm/SisterProjects
|qid=Q2855
}}

{{Wp/acm/YearDaysAndMonths}}

[[Category:Wp/acm]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q2855}}</text>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>2609058</id>
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      <comment>Grammatical Collection</comment>
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      <text bytes="360" sha1="ho10im1it6idqryntgatcmz322q2isv" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q623282}}
'Amagara '''bw'amagara aha nyima y'okufa'',''''' ''nikuhikiirizibwa nk'ekintu ky'omugasho omu muntu nk'okumanya kwe obu oby'omunda oba ekyarangawe kiba kirikweyongyera kubaho, omubiri gwe gwafwa. Eki n'ekintu ekihikiiriraho ky'obuhangwa kirikushoboorora kuba ekicweka kyabo kyonka .''

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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      <contributor>
        <username>Anthony senior citizen</username>
        <id>2609058</id>
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      <comment>Grammatical Collection</comment>
      <origin>7305012</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="349" sha1="i7p22yncjprc2m5timzmoo1l3z5nsn7" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q623282}}
'Amagara gaha'''nyima y'okufa'',''''' ''nikuhikiirizibwa nk'ekintu ky'omugasho omu muntu nk'okumanya kwe obu oby'omunda oba ekyarangawe kiba kirikweyongyera kubaho, omubiri gwe gwafwa. Eki n'ekintu ekihikiiriraho ky'obuhangwa kirikushoboorora kuba ekicweka kyabo kyonka .''

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

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    <title>Wq/pa/ਅਕਿਰਤਘਣ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3639156</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304905</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:41:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
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      <text bytes="274" sha1="7erky5bubvz3t4mp96k5ah4hryj8n2d" xml:space="preserve"># ਇੱਕ ਅਕਿਰਤਘਣ ਬੱਚਾ ਸੱਪ ਦੇ ਡੰਗ ਤੋਂ ਵੀ ਵਧੇਰੇ ਦੁਖਦਾਈ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। -'''[[Wq/pa/ਸ਼ੈਕਸਪੀਅਰ|ਸ਼ੈਕਸਪੀਅਰ]]''' ''ਕਿੰਗ ਲੀਅਰ''

[[Category:Wq/pa]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wq/pa/ਅਧਿਆਪਕ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3639196</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304914</id>
      <parentid>6807848</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:45:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>ਅੰਤਰ-ਵਿਕੀ ਕੜੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ [[d:Q37226]] ਵਿੱਚ ਜੋੜਨਾ</comment>
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      <text bytes="2108" sha1="4aeftvixko34j7w134botw2z9u8ouup" xml:space="preserve"># ਸੱਚਾ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਉਹ ਹੀ ਹੋ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ ਜਿਹੜਾ ਇਕ ਦਮ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਦੀ ਪੱਧਰ ਤੇ ਆ ਜਾਵੇ ਅਤੇ ਆਪਣੀ ਆਤਮਾ ਨੂੰ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਦੀ ਆਤਮਾ ਤੱਕ ਲੈ ਜਾਵੇ, ਉਹ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਦੀਆਂ ਅੱਖਾਂ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਦੇਖੇ, ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਦੇ ਕੰਨਾਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਸੁਣੇ ਅਤੇ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਦੇ ਮਨ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਸਮਝੇ। ਕੇਵਲ ਅਜਿਹਾ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਹੀ ਅਸਲੀ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਦੇ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ, ਕੋਈ ਹੋਰ ਨਹੀਂ। -'''ਸਵਾਮੀ ਵਿਵੇਕਾਨੰਦ'''
# ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਨੂੰ ਕੀ ਪੜ੍ਹਾਉਣਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਕਿਸ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਪੜ੍ਹਾਉਣਾ ਹੈ ਇਸ ਦੀ ਚੋਣ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਨੂੰ ਵਿਆਪਕ ਸੁਤੰਤਰਤਾ ਹੋਣੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ। -'''ਅਲਬਰਟ ਆਇਨਸਟੀਨ''' ''ਆਉਟ ਆਫ਼ ਮਾਈ ਲੇਟਰ ਯੀਅਰਜ਼''
# ਇੱਕ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਅਨੰਤ ਤੱਕ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ ਪਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਨਹੀਂ ਦੱਸ ਸਕਦਾ ਕਿ ਉਸਦਾ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ ਕਿੱਥੇ ਖਤਮ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। -'''ਹੈਨਰੀ ਐਡਮਜ਼''' ''ਦਿ ਐਜੂਕੇਸ਼ਨ ਆਫ਼ ਹੈਨਰੀ ਐਡਮਜ਼''
# ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਕੌਮ ਵਾ ਨਿਰਮਾਤਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। -'''ਇੱਕ ਕਥਨ'''
# ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਦੇਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਮਾਪਿਆਂ ਨਾਲੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਸਨਮਾਨ ਦੇ ਹੱਕਦਾਰ ਹਨ। ਮਾਪੇ ਕੇਵਲ ਜਨਮ ਅਤੇ ਜੀਵਨ ਦਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਜਦਕਿ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਇਕ ਚੰਗੇ ਜੀਵਨ ਨੂੰ ਯਕੀਨੀ ਬਣਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ। -'''ਅਰਸਤੂ'''

[[Category:Wq/pa]]

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      <contributor>
        <username>Mfield</username>
        <id>465036</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Mfield moved page [[User talk:Ceruleanix]] to [[User talk:0xGraphite]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Ceruleanix|Ceruleanix]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/0xGraphite|0xGraphite]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>6819345</origin>
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      <text bytes="1013" sha1="6xz6nt61iz7s5y1fmu7re47zbvqt454" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|lang-support=Language support
|float=right
}}

Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them!
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If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].
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-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 23:46, 18 October 2025 (UTC)</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7304893</id>
      <parentid>7183378</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:34:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Mulkh Singh moved page [[Wq/pa/'ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਦਿਆਂ ਦਿਲ ਆਪਣਾ ਮੈਂ' ਲੇਖਕ ਵੀ.ਏ. ਸੁਖੋਮਲਿੰਸਕੀ ਅਨੁਵਾਦਕ ਪ੍ਰੀਤਮ ਸਿੰਘ ਮਨਚੰਦਾ]] to [[Wq/pa/ਵਾਸੀਲੀ ਸੁਖੋਮਲਿੰਸਕੀ]]: Misspelled title</comment>
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      <text bytes="886" sha1="21bz3sl4sbo0xux0hx5paqg9q4jcpp7" xml:space="preserve"># ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਅਧਿਆਪਕਾਂ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਵਿੱਦਿਆ ਦੇਣੀ, ਅਧਿਆਪਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਵਿੱਦਿਆ ਦੀ ਕਲਾ ਅਤੇ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਸਿਖਾਉਣਾ–ਇਹ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਹੈ, ਪਰ ਇਹ ਸਕੂਲ ਦੀ ਅਗਵਾਈ ਕਰਨ ਦੇ ਬਹੁ-ਪੱਖੀ ਅਮਲ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਪਾਸਾ ਹੈ। ਜੇ ਮੁੱਖ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਹੋਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਵਿੱਦਿਆ ਦੀ ਕਲਾ ਸਿਖਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਪਰ ਉਹਦਾ ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਨਾਲ ਕੋਈ ਸਿੱਧਾ ਸੰਬਧ ਨਹੀਂ, ਤਾਂ ਉਹ ਸਿੱਖਿਅਕ ਨਹੀਂ ਰਹਿੰਦਾ। ਖੰਡ '''''ਖੁਸ਼ੀ ਦਾ ਸਕੂਲ'''''  ਅਧਿਆਏ '''''ਸਕੂਲ ਦਾ ਡਾਇਰੈਕਟਰ'''''   ਪੰਨਾ 11

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    <title>Wp/nyn/Western Region, Uganda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3655109</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304923</id>
      <parentid>7130600</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:51:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Translation</comment>
      <origin>7304923</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4799" sha1="9hxros1dl0u1fo13jh0pw7z94r9mmkp" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengye-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]]. Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Uganda omuri 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== Ebyanga ==
Omuri 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; 1- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] 2- Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro 3- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na 4- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== Disiturikiti ==
Omuri 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Uganda kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>9hxros1dl0u1fo13jh0pw7z94r9mmkp</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304924</id>
      <parentid>7304923</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:52:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Spelling</comment>
      <origin>7304924</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4802" sha1="tdqwq7n7qxep46fovsx7yah11p914l2" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]]. Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Uganda omuri 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== Ebyanga ==
Omuri 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; 1- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] 2- Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro 3- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na 4- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== Disiturikiti ==
Omuri 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Uganda kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>tdqwq7n7qxep46fovsx7yah11p914l2</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304931</id>
      <parentid>7304924</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:01:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Translation</comment>
      <origin>7304931</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4809" sha1="ok6lmuyapjn343iznjc701swlsaolfd" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Uganda omuri 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== Ebyanga ==
Omuri 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; 1- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] 2- Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro 3- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na 4- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== Disiturikiti ==
Omuri 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Uganda kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>ok6lmuyapjn343iznjc701swlsaolfd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304932</id>
      <parentid>7304931</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:08:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Grammar</comment>
      <origin>7304932</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4810" sha1="lo9bblgxkheq4rjflrllbhvm8aen5gd" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omuri 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== Ebyanga ==
Omuri 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; 1- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] 2- Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro 3- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na 4- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== Disiturikiti ==
Omuri 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Uganda kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>lo9bblgxkheq4rjflrllbhvm8aen5gd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304933</id>
      <parentid>7304932</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:09:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Grammar</comment>
      <origin>7304933</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4818" sha1="dtsunuw163v9rjw0toz1rli6l5v846d" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== Ebyanga ==
Omuri 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; 1- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] 2- Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro 3- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na 4- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== Disiturikiti ==
Omuri 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Uganda kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>dtsunuw163v9rjw0toz1rli6l5v846d</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304935</id>
      <parentid>7304933</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:10:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Heading</comment>
      <origin>7304935</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4824" sha1="1zfj9762hbvlkicl133a3u7ax1jt5dv" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== '''Ebyanga''' ==
Omuri 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; 1- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] 2- Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro 3- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na 4- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== Disiturikiti ==
Omuri 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Uganda kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>1zfj9762hbvlkicl133a3u7ax1jt5dv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304937</id>
      <parentid>7304935</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:12:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Grammatic change</comment>
      <origin>7304937</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4832" sha1="l6lrz5p9sv1lh3kwyxd2fpuag5zgxtd" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== '''Ebyanga''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; 1- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] 2- Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro 3- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na 4- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== Disiturikiti ==
Omuri 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Uganda kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>l6lrz5p9sv1lh3kwyxd2fpuag5zgxtd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304939</id>
      <parentid>7304937</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:15:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Punctuation</comment>
      <origin>7304939</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4832" sha1="cekxe8phu8d6thvzhbnsibewy2nwan2" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== '''Ebyanga''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; (1)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] 2- Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro 3- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na 4- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== Disiturikiti ==
Omuri 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Uganda kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>cekxe8phu8d6thvzhbnsibewy2nwan2</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304941</id>
      <parentid>7304939</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:16:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Arranging</comment>
      <origin>7304941</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4832" sha1="szqbf55hjcw2qiac2s5a0nte93gatfj" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== '''Ebyanga''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; (1)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] (2)Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro 3- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na 4- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== Disiturikiti ==
Omuri 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Uganda kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>szqbf55hjcw2qiac2s5a0nte93gatfj</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304942</id>
      <parentid>7304941</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:17:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Arrangement</comment>
      <origin>7304942</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4833" sha1="dq0kbc5lafvtqa12ik9kqr9hh6o7nlo" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== '''Ebyanga''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; (1)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] (2)Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro( 3) Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na 4- Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== Disiturikiti ==
Omuri 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Uganda kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>dq0kbc5lafvtqa12ik9kqr9hh6o7nlo</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304943</id>
      <parentid>7304942</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:18:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Knit work</comment>
      <origin>7304943</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4833" sha1="r23om00v3dnftqtoimwgta1pv4y2a6s" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== '''Ebyanga''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; (1)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] (2)Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro( 3) Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na( 4)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== Disiturikiti ==
Omuri 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Uganda kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>r23om00v3dnftqtoimwgta1pv4y2a6s</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304944</id>
      <parentid>7304943</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:18:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Heading</comment>
      <origin>7304944</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4839" sha1="90xa4yxoi13k1nlmyggmxw4nkbr6pxe" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== '''Ebyanga''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; (1)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] (2)Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro( 3) Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na( 4)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== '''Disiturikiti''' ==
Omuri 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Uganda kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>90xa4yxoi13k1nlmyggmxw4nkbr6pxe</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304946</id>
      <parentid>7304944</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:18:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Grammatic change</comment>
      <origin>7304946</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4847" sha1="me252sihzoknoep8kb4byni7sdsvgmg" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== '''Ebyanga''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; (1)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] (2)Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro( 3) Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na( 4)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== '''Disiturikiti''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Uganda kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>me252sihzoknoep8kb4byni7sdsvgmg</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304947</id>
      <parentid>7304946</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:19:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Translation</comment>
      <origin>7304947</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4848" sha1="2kjdizemgg264sv467ry68jmt6w4x0r" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== '''Ebyanga''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; (1)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] (2)Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro( 3) Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na( 4)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== '''Disiturikiti''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Yuganda kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>2kjdizemgg264sv467ry68jmt6w4x0r</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304948</id>
      <parentid>7304947</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:20:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Addition of word</comment>
      <origin>7304948</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4856" sha1="ienttk4ztuho806hhaxmcakhg8igg65" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== '''Ebyanga''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; (1)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] (2)Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro( 3) Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na( 4)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== '''Disiturikiti''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Yuganda  kikaba kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== Eby'obuhangwa ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>ienttk4ztuho806hhaxmcakhg8igg65</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304950</id>
      <parentid>7304948</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:20:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Heading</comment>
      <origin>7304950</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4862" sha1="kr1vd56agxji3p1xxfxt9709wfezuuk" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== '''Ebyanga''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; (1)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] (2)Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro( 3) Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na( 4)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== '''Disiturikiti''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Yuganda  kikaba kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== '''Eby'obuhangwa''' ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka gw'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>kr1vd56agxji3p1xxfxt9709wfezuuk</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304952</id>
      <parentid>7304950</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:22:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Punctuation</comment>
      <origin>7304952</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4861" sha1="oh6wqjcraamedym16yabatm2pwedynk" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== '''Ebyanga''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; (1)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] (2)Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro( 3) Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na( 4)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== '''Disiturikiti''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Yuganda  kikaba kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== '''Eby'obuhangwa''' ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka y'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== Ebirikuruga aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>oh6wqjcraamedym16yabatm2pwedynk</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304953</id>
      <parentid>7304952</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:22:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Heading</comment>
      <origin>7304953</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4867" sha1="i5k16e7rl0iosgdyogewfpmobdybxs2" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== '''Ebyanga''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; (1)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] (2)Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro( 3) Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na( 4)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== '''Disiturikiti''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Yuganda  kikaba kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== '''Eby'obuhangwa''' ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka y'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== '''Ebirikuruga''' aheeru ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>i5k16e7rl0iosgdyogewfpmobdybxs2</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304954</id>
      <parentid>7304953</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:22:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Heading</comment>
      <origin>7304954</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4873" sha1="9ggla4uy51zxemz75yfc4dojjrd2oq3" xml:space="preserve">The '''Western Region of Uganda(Ekyanga kya burengyerwa-eizooba rya Yuganda )'''N'emwe aha [[:en:Regions_of_Uganda|bicweka]] bina omuri [[:en:Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda)Okubara abantu okwakozirwe omu Yuganda omu mwaka gwa 2014, ekicweka eki kikaba kiine abantu 7,188,139.

== '''Ebyanga''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2010, ekicweka ky'oburengyerwa-izooba kikaba kirimu ebyanga bina by'obutegyeki, kuruga omu matemba kuza omu mashuuma; (1)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Bunyoro|Bunyoro]] (2)Ekyanga kya Rwenzori aka Greater Tooro( 3) Ekyanga kya [[:en:Ankole|Ankole]] na( 4)Ekyanga kya [[:en:Kigezi|Kigezi]].

== '''Disiturikiti''' ==
Omu mwaka gwa 2024, ekicweka ky'amatemba ga Yuganda  kikaba kirimu endembo ishatu hamwe na [[:en:Districts_of_Uganda|disiturikiti]] 34.
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!District
!Population
(Census 1991)
!Population
(Census 2002)
!Population
(Census 2014)
!Map
!Chief town
|-
|Buhweju
| align=&quot;right&quot; |55,534
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82,881
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120,720
| align=&quot;center&quot; |81
|Nsiika
|-
|Buliisa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |47,709
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,363
| align=&quot;right&quot; |113,161
| align=&quot;center&quot; |10
|Buliisa
|-
|Bundibugyo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |92,311
| align=&quot;right&quot; |158,909
| align=&quot;right&quot; |224,387
| align=&quot;center&quot; |11
|Bundibugyo
|-
|Bushenyi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,982
| align=&quot;right&quot; |205,671
| align=&quot;right&quot; |234,440
| align=&quot;center&quot; |12
|Bushenyi
|-
|Hoima
| align=&quot;right&quot; |197,851
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,618
| align=&quot;right&quot; |572,986
| align=&quot;center&quot; |18
|Hoima
|-
|Ibanda
| align=&quot;right&quot; |148,029
| align=&quot;right&quot; |198,635
| align=&quot;right&quot; |249,625
| align=&quot;center&quot; |19
|Ibanda
|-
|Isingiro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |226,365
| align=&quot;right&quot; |316,025
| align=&quot;right&quot; |486,360
| align=&quot;center&quot; |26
|Isingiro
|-
|Kabale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |417,218
| align=&quot;right&quot; |458,318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |528,231
| align=&quot;center&quot; |23
|Kabale
|-
|Kabarole
| align=&quot;right&quot; |299,573
| align=&quot;right&quot; |356,914
| align=&quot;right&quot; |469,236
| align=&quot;center&quot; |24
|Fort Portal
|-
|Kamwenge
| align=&quot;right&quot; |201,654
| align=&quot;right&quot; |263,730
| align=&quot;right&quot; |414,454
| align=&quot;center&quot; |31
|Kamwenge
|-
|Kanungu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,708
| align=&quot;right&quot; |204,732
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252,144
| align=&quot;center&quot; |32
|Kanungu
|-
|Kasese
| align=&quot;right&quot; |343,601
| align=&quot;right&quot; |523,033
| align=&quot;right&quot; |694,992
| align=&quot;center&quot; |34
|Kasese
|-
|Kibaale
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,261
| align=&quot;right&quot; |405,882
| align=&quot;right&quot; |785,088
| align=&quot;center&quot; |37
|Kibaale
|-
|Kiruhura
| align=&quot;right&quot; |140,946
| align=&quot;right&quot; |212,219
| align=&quot;right&quot; |328,077
| align=&quot;center&quot; |40
|Kiruhura
|-
|Kiryandongo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,405
| align=&quot;right&quot; |187,707
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,197
| align=&quot;center&quot; |92
|Kiryandongo
|-
|Kisoro
| align=&quot;right&quot; |186,681
| align=&quot;right&quot; |220,312
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,705
| align=&quot;center&quot; |41
|Kisoro
|-
|Kyegegwa
| align=&quot;right&quot; |63,547
| align=&quot;right&quot; |110,925
| align=&quot;right&quot; |281,637
| align=&quot;center&quot; |96
|Kyegegwa
|-
|Kyenjojo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |182,026
| align=&quot;right&quot; |266,246
| align=&quot;right&quot; |422,204
| align=&quot;center&quot; |46
|Kyenjojo
|-
|Masindi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,682
| align=&quot;right&quot; |208,420
| align=&quot;right&quot; |291,113
| align=&quot;center&quot; |52
|Masindi
|-
|Mbarara
| align=&quot;right&quot; |267,457
| align=&quot;right&quot; |361,477
| align=&quot;right&quot; |472,629
| align=&quot;center&quot; |55
|Mbarara
|-
|Mitooma
| align=&quot;right&quot; |134,251
| align=&quot;right&quot; |160,802
| align=&quot;right&quot; |183,444
| align=&quot;center&quot; |102
|Mitooma
|-
|Ntoroko
| align=&quot;right&quot; |24,255
| align=&quot;right&quot; |51,069
| align=&quot;right&quot; |67,005
| align=&quot;center&quot; |106
|Ntoroko
|-
|Ntungamo
| align=&quot;right&quot; |305,199
| align=&quot;right&quot; |379,987
| align=&quot;right&quot; |483,841
| align=&quot;center&quot; |66
|Ntungamo
|-
|Rubirizi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |75,361
| align=&quot;right&quot; |101,804
| align=&quot;right&quot; |129,149
| align=&quot;center&quot; |109
|Rubirizi
|-
|Rukungiri
| align=&quot;right&quot; |230,072
| align=&quot;right&quot; |275,162
| align=&quot;right&quot; |314,694
| align=&quot;center&quot; |71
|Rukungiri
|-
|Sheema
| align=&quot;right&quot; |153,009
| align=&quot;right&quot; |180,234
| align=&quot;right&quot; |207,343
| align=&quot;center&quot; |111
|Kibingo
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''4,547,687'''
|'''6,298,075'''
|'''8,874,862'''
|'''-'''
|'''Mbarara'''
|}

== '''Eby'obuhangwa''' ==
Ekicweka ky'amahanga g'oburengyerwa-izooba kiri aha nsharo na [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]] omu burengyerwa-izooba hamwe n'orugyendo rw'amatemba ga [[:en:Rwanda|Rwanda]] hamwe na [[:en:Tanzania|Tanzania]] omu mashuuma.

N'omuka y'abantu nka Banyakitara, nibo [[:en:Banyoro|Banyoro]], [[:en:Batooro|Batooro]], Ababwisi, Abasongora, [[:en:Banyankore|Abanyankore]], [[:en:Bakiga|Abakiga]], [[:en:Bakonzo|Abakonzo]], [[:en:Amba_people|Abamba]], [[:en:Bafumbira|Abafumbira]], n'abandi.

== '''Ebirikuruga''' '''aheeru''' ==

* [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Western+Region,+Uganda/@0.4361867,31.0562997,8z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x176304226a18a8c7:0x669349b46f57cf4b!8m2!3d0.2580521!4d30.5279096?hl=en Maapu ya Google ey'ekyanga kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]

== Ebyokureberaho ==</text>
      <sha1>9ggla4uy51zxemz75yfc4dojjrd2oq3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/nyn/Anne Kansiime</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3661212</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305099</id>
      <parentid>7283738</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T20:07:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NATURINDA FORTUNATE</username>
        <id>2623054</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Grammatical corrections</comment>
      <origin>7305099</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11049" sha1="09i689s9rt6a2zp4e3w64i15immkvi6" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q18637131}}
'''&lt;big&gt;Anne Kansiime Kubiryaba&lt;/big&gt;''' akazaarwa ebiro 13 okwezi okwa Kana omu mwaka gwa 1986 orikumanywa  nk'omuzaani wa firimu omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Umutesi, Doreen (4 July 2013). &quot;[http://allafrica.com/stories/201307040088.html Rwanda: Queen of Comedy Anne Kansiime Speaks About Her Journey to Stardom]&quot;. ''[[:en:New_Times_(Rwanda)|New Times (Rwanda)]] via [[:en:AllAfrica.com|AllAfrica.com]]''. Retrieved 26 February 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Rubagumya, Ikilezi (31 May 2013). &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150204083110/http://www.cimamag.com/kansiime-anne-ugandas-queen-of-comedy/ Kansiime Anne: Uganda's Queen of Comedy]&quot;. Cimamag.com. Archived from [http://www.cimamag.com/kansiime-anne-ugandas-queen-of-comedy/ the original] on 4 February 2015. Retrieved 26 February 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Mubangizi, Odomaro (4 December 2014). [http://allafrica.com/stories/201412082748.html &quot;Uganda: Anne Kansiime – A Philosophical Inquiry into The Political Economy of Humour&quot;]. [[:en:AllAfrica.com|AllAfrica.com]]. Retrieved 26 February 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Ebyafaayo hamwe n'obwegyese bwe''' ==
Akazaarirwa [[:en:Mparo,_Rukiga|Mparo]] omuri [[Wp/nyn/Disiturikiti ya Rukiga|disiturikiti ya Rukiga]], omu [[:en:Western_Region,_Uganda|kicweka kya burengyerwa-izooba bwa Uganda]]. Obu yaazaarwa, Mparo ekaba eri omuri disiturikiti ya kabale . Ishe akaba ari omukozi wa banka ayahumwire, kandi nyina akaba ari [[:en:Housewife|omukazi w'omuka]]. Kansiime akashomera Kabale Primary School kandi ahabw'obwegyese bwe obwa O-Level na A-Level, akashomera aha [[:en:Bweranyangi_Girls'_Senior_Secondary_School|Bweranyangi Girls' Senior Secondary School]] omuri [[Wp/nyn/Bushenyi|Bushenyi]] . Akatunga diguri y'okubanza omu by'obuhangwa kuruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== '''Emirimo''' ==
Kuruga omu mwaka gwa 2007, obu yaabaire akiri omwegi aha  Yunivasite ya Makerere, Kansiime akatandiika kwejumbira omu mizaano eyabaire erazaanwa ekibiina kya Theatre Factory, ekyabaire nikizaanira aha [[:en:Uganda_National_Cultural_Centre|Uganda National Theatre]] omuri disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]] eya rwagati. Ekibiina kya Theatre Factory kukyahwaireho, Kansiime akaza omu kibiina kya [[:en:Fun_Factory_Uganda|Fun Factory]], ekyabaire nikizaanira omu mwanya ogwo. Ekibiina nikizaana buri rwakana omu mwebazyo. Ebyeshongoro ebirikukirayo oburungi bikaba biri aha tiivi ya [[Wp/nyn/NTV Uganda|NTV Uganda]] omu puroguramu ya Barbed Wire eyahindukire U-Turn. Akakwatanisa na Brian Mulondo nk'omwebembezi w'ebigyezo omu puroguramu ya MiniBuzz kandi yaheereza vidiyo z'okushemeza eziri kukwata aha nshonga z'obutoosha ezi abashabazi barikugambaho.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Wanjala, Christine W. (16 February 2013). &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222718/http://www.monitor.co.ug/Magazines/Full-Woman/Ann-Kansiime--The-story-of-a-funny-lucky-girl/-/689842/1694010/-/item/0/-/1np61lz/-/index.html Ann Kansiime: The Story of A Funny Lucky Girl]&quot;. ''Daily Monitor (Kampala)''. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 26 February 2015.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Kurugiirira aha kubuzibwa oku yaahaire omu mwaka gwa 2014, Anne akatandika kuta aha mukutu gwa Yutubu ezimwe aha vidiyo ze ezirikushemeza.Akatunga okugarukwamu okurungi kandi ekyo kikamuhiga kuta aha mukutu gwa Yutube ezimwe aha vidiyo ze ezirikushemeza. Okuhinduka kwe kukabaho obu [[:en:Citizen_TV|Citizen TV]] kuruga omu [[Wp/nyn/Kenya|Kenya]] eyaheerereire yamuha omwanya gw'okukora, okukora kandi okworeka omworeko gw'okushemeza buri sande. Okwo nikwo yaarugiremu omworeko gwa [[:en:Don't_Mess_With_Kansiime|Don't Mess With Kansiime]].&lt;ref&gt;Muli, Lilian (10 May 2014). &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150219073057/http://naibuzz.com/2014/05/10/lillian-mulis-interview-with-anne-kansiime-on-citizen-tv-one-on-one/ Lillian Muli's Interview With Anne Kansiime on Citizen TV One on One (2-Part Video)&quot;]. Naibuzz.com. Archived from the original on 19 February 2015. Retrieved 26 February 2015.&lt;/ref&gt; Okwezi kwa ikumi na kumwe omu mwaka ogwa 2014, omukutu gwe ogwa Yutube gukaba gureebirwe emirundi erikurenga obukaikuru( ikumi na butaano)15. Vidiyo ze aha Yutube zirareebwa enkumi n'enkumi z'abantu kandi yaareebeka aha BBC Focus on Africa. Akazaana omu myanya erimu abantu baingi omuri [[:en:Blantyre|Blantyre]], [[:en:Gaborone|Gaborone]], [[:en:Kigali|Kigali]], [[:en:Kuala_Lumpur|Kuala Lumpur]], [[:en:Lagos|Lagos]], [[:en:Lilongwe|Lilongwe]], [[:en:London|London]], [[:en:Lusaka|Lusaka]] na [[:en:Harare|Harare]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== '''Ebindi ebirikuteekateekwaho''' ==
N'obu harabe hariho obujunanizibwa bwingi, Kansiime agumiizemu naakora kandi naatambura nk'omuzaani w'ebirashesya. Akagira ati: &quot;Ninkunda kugamba aha bintu ebirikugyenda omu maisho omu magara, ahabw'okuba ekyo buriijo nikiba kiri eky'omutaano kandi ekitarikushushana n'ebindi.&quot; Akashwerwa Gerald Ojok, owa [[Wp/nyn/Acholi|Acholi]], omu Kwa ikumi na kumwe omu mwaka gwa 2017 kwonka obwahati bakataana. Bakaba bataine baana kuruga omu bushwere bwabo. Obwire obwo, akaba ariyo naakora aha kuteera akatambi k'ebyeshongoro by'abaana, ebi yaabaire naayenda kushohooza omu  mwaka gwa 2015.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

== '''Ebyafaayo bya Firimu''' ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Omwaka
!Firimu
!Omurimo
!Ebyokukora
|-
|2018
|''Girl From Mparo''&lt;ref&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&quot;[https://life.chimpreports.com/anne-kansiime-debuts-new-tv-show-girl-from-mparo/ Anne Kansiime Debuts New TV Show 'Girl From Mparo]&quot;. Chimplyfe. Retrieved 13 October 2018.[''permanent dead link'']&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
|Anne Kansiime
|Sitcom
|-
|2014
|''Don't Mess With Kansiime''
|Kansiime – Protagonist
|
|-
|2022
|''Kanseeme''
|
|Reality show
|-
|2024
|''Juniors Drama Club''
|Ka Glucose
|sitcom
|}

== '''Ebirabo''' ==

* Okusimwa ekitongore kya SIIKETV Rising Star Academy Awards, &quot;Queen of Comedy&quot; 2018.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.ghafla.com/ug/remembering-the-july-11th-world-cup-bombings/s SIIke TV Crowns Anne Kansiime, the &quot;Queen of Comedy]&quot;&quot;. ''SIIKETV Rising Star Academy Awards''. 14 June 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ekirabo kya Yutube ekya Comedy Sub-Saharan Africa Creator Award 2016.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://face2faceafrica.com/article/google-launches-youtube-sub-saharan-africa-creator-awards Google Launches YouTube Sub-Saharan Africa Creator Awards]&quot;. ''Face2Face Africa''. 15 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Omukazi orikukirayo kushemeza omu by'emizaano omu mwaka gwa 2016.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20171111042436/http://www.accelerateyourambition.org/nail-like-anne-kansiime-career-lessons-can-learn-african-queen-comedy/ Nail It Like Anne Kansiime: Career Lessons We Can Learn From The African Queen of Comedy – Accelerate Your Ambition]&quot;. 22 March 2017. Archived from the original on 11 November 2017. Retrieved 10 November 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Teeniez Funniest Comedian 2016.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20170606041859/http://chimpreports.com/entertainment/buzz-teeniez-awards-2016-full-list-of-winners/ &quot;Buzz Teeniez Awards 2016: Full List of Winners&quot;]. 14 May 2016. Archived from the original on 6 June 2017. Retrieved 28 January 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;
* African Entertainment Awards USA, Ekirabo ky'omushaija orikukirayo kushemeza omu
* 2015.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20180129004337/https://solangitube.com/watch/x3d89yk/anne-kansiime-scoops-african-entertainment-awards-usa-best-c.php Anne Kansiime Scoops African Entertainment Awards USA, Best Comedian's Award&quot;]. 10 November 2015. Archived from the original on 29 January 2018. Retrieved 28 January 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Omuzaani orikukirayo kushemeza omu 2015.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20180129140511/http://bigeye.ug/rising-star-awards-2015-successful-full-list-of-winners/ &lt;nowiki&gt;Rising Star Awards 2015 successful [Full list of winners]&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;]. 25 October 2015. Archived from the original on 29 January 2018. Retrizeved 2z8 January 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ekirabo kya Oscar ekirikukirayo omu Afirika omu 2025.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.nation.co.ke/lifestyle/showbiz/Kansiime-wins-African-Oscarfor-fauvorite-comedian/1950810-2820612-12wst46/index.html &lt;nowiki&gt;Kansiime wins 'African Oscar' for favorite comedian – Daily Nation]&lt;/nowiki&gt;]&quot;. 5 August 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ekirabo kya Nollywood &amp; African People's Choice Award for favorite comedian omu 2015.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20211029140230/https://chano8.com/anne-kansiime-wins-the-nollywood-african-peoples-choice-award-for-favorite-comedian/ Anne Kansiime Wins The Nollywood &amp; African People's Choice Award For Favorite Comedian&quot;]. 4 August 2015. Archived from the original on 29 October 2021. Retrieved 28 January 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ekirabo kya YouTube ekya Silver Play button Omu 2025.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://pctechmag.com/2015/04/youtube-rewards-anne-kansiime-following-100000-subscribers-milestone/ YouTube Rewards Anne Kansiime with a Silver Play Button]&quot;. 9 April 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Ekirabo kya Airtel eky'abakazi ab'omugasho omu 2014.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20211029135518/https://bigeye.ug/top-women-receive-airtel-women-of-substance-awards/ Top Women receive Airtel Women of Substance Awards&quot;]. 14 March 2014. Archived from the original on 29 October 2021. Retrieved 28 January 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Omusinguzi wa BEFFTA omu 2013 (Omukazi orikukirayo kushemeza).&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20211101171155/https://bigeye.ug/ugandas-anne-kansiime-and-dr-jose-chameleone-win-beffta-2013-awards-in-london/ Uganda's Anne Kansiime and Dr. Jose Chameleone Win BEFFTA Awards&quot;]. 26 October 2013. Archived from the original on 1 November 2021. Retrieved 28 January 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Omusinguzi wa Lagos International Festival omumwa gwa 2013 (Omukazi orikukirayo kushemeza).&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20180129140522/http://kansiimeanne.ug/meeee-winner-of-the-lagos-international-film-festival-best-actress-2013-award/ Anne Kansiime, the winner of The Lagos International Film Festival Best Actress&quot;]. 20 September 2013. Archived from the original on 29 January 2018. Retrieved 28 January 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;
* Omusinguzi wa Social Media Awards (Omuntu orikukirayo kushemeza).&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=28642:awards-honour-social-media-enthusiasts Awards honour social media enthusiasts&quot;]. 17 November 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;
* African Social Awards Malaysia (ASAM) – 2013.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20180129004902/http://m.howwe.biz/256/kansiime-to-scoop-award-in-malaysia.html Kansiime To Scoop Award in Malaysia&quot;]. 26 November 2013. Archived from the original on 29 January 2018. Retrieved 28 January 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Okugirira abantu embabazi''' ==
Anne Kansiime kurabira omu kitongore kye ky'obuhwezi ekya The Kansiime Foundation, naashagika abaana abatarikwebaasa kwonka abaine emyoga arikubashomesa. Hati naashagika abaana abarikurenga 35 omu mashomero aga purayimare na siniya.

== '''Eby'obushuubuzi''' ==
Anne Kansiime nawe aine bizineesi y'okuhuumuriramu. Aine Backpackers kandi eri aha rubaju rw'enyanja ya Bunyonyi omu

Disiturikiti ya Kabale omuri Uganda.

== '''Eby'okureeberaho''' ==

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      <comment>Deepfriedokra moved page [[User talk:TaireCo]] to [[User talk:Duvcote]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/TaireCo|TaireCo]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Duvcote|Duvcote]]&quot;</comment>
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{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|lang-support=Language support
|float=right
}}

Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 10:00, 14 December 2025 (UTC)</text>
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    <title>Wt/jax/Laman Utamo</title>
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      <text bytes="5314" sha1="2h2a0mnfmj1fomycjqw9k5kbcbi90x6" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
__NOEDITSECTION__

&lt;div class=&quot;mp-header&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-wrapper&quot;&gt;
    &lt;div class=&quot;mp-column&quot;&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;mp-gundul mp-title nomobile&quot;&gt;سلامت داتڠ دويکيکاموس بهاس&amp;nbsp;جمبي&lt;/div&gt;
	  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-gundul mp-subtitle nomobile&quot;&gt;بوکو کوساکات ماچم٢ ڠونوکن بهاس جمبي&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;mp-laten mp-title nomobile&quot;&gt;{{#switch:{{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}
	  |#default=Selamat datang di '''Wikikamus&amp;nbsp;bahaso&amp;nbsp;Jambi'''
	  |4 September|5 September|6 September=Ko ulang tahun '''Wikikamus&amp;nbsp;bahaso&amp;nbsp;Jambi''' tahun&amp;nbsp;ke&amp;#8209;{{#expr:{{CURRENTYEAR}}-2024}}!}}&lt;/div&gt;
	  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-subtitle nomobile&quot;&gt;{{#switch:{{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}
	  |4 September|5 September|6 September=
	  |#default=Buku kosakato macam-macam bahaso pakek bahaso Jambi.}}&lt;/div&gt;
	  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-text&quot; style=&quot;margin-top:0.4rem;&quot;&gt;Maso ko, lah ado '''[[Special:PrefixIndex/Wt/jax|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax}}]]''' halaman lema di siko.&lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;div class=&quot;mp-text&quot;&gt;'''{{CURRENTDAYNAME}}, {{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}'''&lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:0.4rem;&quot;&gt;
    &lt;inputbox&gt;
 type=create
 width=25
 default=Wt/jax/
 buttonlabel=Buat lema
 break=no
&lt;/inputbox&gt;
  &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- BADAN --&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;mp-wrapper&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-column nomobile&quot;&gt;
{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
	|ikon=Wiktfavicon en.svg
	|judul=Wikikato tu apo?
	|link=
	|isi=Wikikamus ko dijadikan proyek untuk ngembangkan bahaso Jambi atau galo macam diterjemahkan ke dalam bahaso Jambi. Dak cuman bahaso Jambi bae yang dimasukkan ke siko, tapi jugo bahaso yang lainnyo dari macam-macam bangso.

Wikikamus bahasa Jambi ko boleh disunting oleh galo-galo orang. Makonyo, mohon bantuannyo untuk ngembangkan Wikikamus bahaso Jambi ko dengan masukkan kato-kato bahaso Jambi dan bahaso yang lainnyo. 

Terimo kasih banyak untuk kamu yang sadar soal pentingnyo lestarikan bahaso daerah hususnyo bahaso Jambi. Agek bahaso Jambi ko biso dipakek sampe bilo-bilo oleh masarakat Jambi. Dengan proyek ko jugo, bahaso Jambi biso dibelajari oleh macam-macam orang dari galo dunio. 
  }}
{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
    |ikon=Icon dictionary.svg
	|judul=Antarmuko lema
	|link=Wikikamus:Panduan antarmuko lema
	|isi=Iko lah, caro untuk bikin lema baru di Wikikamus, silokan salin be contoh suntingan supayo antarmuko lema jadi serupo galo.

&lt;pre&gt;
=={{Wt/jax/lang|kode bahaso}}==
{{Wt/jax/head|kode bahaso}}

{{Wt/jax/-kelas kato-|kode bahaso}}
# makna satu
# makna duo
&lt;/pre&gt;

Cuman ditukar be:
* '''kode bahaso'''—dengan kode untuk bahaso yang mau ditampilkan menjadi subjudul, silo ditengok di [[Wt/jax/Modul:lang|siko]] (contoh: &lt;code&gt;jax&lt;/code&gt; untuk &quot;bahaso Jambi&quot;)
* '''kelas kato'''—dengan kode kelas kato yang mau ditampilkan sebelum maknonyo, silo ditengok di [[:Category:Wt/jax/Templat kelas kato|siko]] (tulad: &lt;code&gt;-n-&lt;/code&gt; untuk &quot;kato bendo&quot;)
* '''pemaknoan'''—dengan makno kato tu, biso lebih dari sekok, &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:red&quot;&gt;harus makek bahaso Jambi&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 12px; padding: 6px 12px 6px 12px; border: 1px solid #AAA; background: #F9F9F9;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:red&quot;&gt;INGAT YO!&lt;/span&gt; Selain tigo informasi ko be jangan ditukar, yo, jangan ngubah-ngubah kode-kode lainnyo!&lt;/div&gt;

Sekok lema harusnyo punyo subjudul bahaso yang makek templat &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|kode bahaso}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, entri templat &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{head|kode bahaso}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, dengan pemaknoan serta kelas katonyo sekok be. Selain ko, silo melok aturan yang lah ditentukan dalam Wikikamus [[Wt/jax/Wikikamus:Contoh lema|contoh lema lengkap]]nyo.
}}

 &lt;/div&gt;
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{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
    |ikon=OOjs UI icon listNumbered-ltr-progressive.svg
	|judul=Jumlah kato bahaso Jambi
	|link=
	|align=center
	|isi='''Lah ado [[:Category:Wt/jax/jax:Lema|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/jax:Lema}}]] kato'''
	|warna=#0000FF}}{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
|ikon=OOjs UI icon listNumbered-ltr-progressive.svg
|judul=Jumlah kato dalam bahaso laen
|align=right
|isi=
&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:1.2em; line-height:1,2;&quot;&gt;
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/kvr:Lema|Bahaso Kincai]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/kvr:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/kvb:Lema|Bahaso Suku Anak Dalam]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/kvb:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/min:Lema|Bahaso Minang]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/min:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/id:Lema|Bahaso Indonesia]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/id:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/jv:Lema|Bahaso Jawo]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/jv:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/bew:Lema|Bahaso Betawi]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/bew:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/sas:Lema|Bahaso Sasak]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/sas:Lema}} kato
&lt;/div&gt;
|warna=000066}}{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
    |ikon=Codex icon search color-progressive.svg
	|judul=Tengok jugo
	|link=
	|align=right
	|isi=[[:Category:Wt/jax/Templat kelas kato|Tempelan kelas kato]] • [[Wt/jax/Payo ngopi|Payo Ngopi]]
	}}
  &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;nomobile&quot;&gt;
&lt;!-- PROYEK LAIN --&gt;
{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
|ikon=Wikimedia-logo.svg
|judul=Proyek lainnyo
|warna=1
|isi={{Wt/jax/Proyek Wiki}}
}}
&lt;/div&gt;
[[Category:Wt/jax]]
[[Category:Wt/jax/Utamo]]</text>
      <sha1>2h2a0mnfmj1fomycjqw9k5kbcbi90x6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304966</id>
      <parentid>7304964</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:31:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Muhamad Izzul Fiqih</username>
        <id>2584756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Undid revision [[Special:Diff/7304964|7304964]] by [[Special:Contributions/Muhamad Izzul Fiqih|Muhamad Izzul Fiqih]] ([[User talk:Muhamad Izzul Fiqih|talk]])</comment>
      <origin>7304966</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5513" sha1="1kahd86mt2jlofzkxdz68xc5yujgeca" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
__NOEDITSECTION__
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/styles.css&quot;/&gt;
&lt;!-- KEPALO --&gt;
{{#switch: {{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} |#default=||4 September|5 September|6 September={{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/printilan}}}}
&lt;div class=&quot;mp-header&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-wrapper&quot;&gt;
    &lt;div class=&quot;mp-column&quot;&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;mp-gundul mp-title nomobile&quot;&gt;سلامت داتڠ دويکيکاموس بهاس&amp;nbsp;جمبي&lt;/div&gt;
	  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-gundul mp-subtitle nomobile&quot;&gt;بوکو کوساکات ماچم٢ ڠونوکن بهاس جمبي&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;mp-laten mp-title nomobile&quot;&gt;{{#switch:{{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}
	  |#default=Selamat datang di '''Wikikamus&amp;nbsp;bahaso&amp;nbsp;Jambi'''
	  |4 September|5 September|6 September=Ko ulang tahun '''Wikikamus&amp;nbsp;bahaso&amp;nbsp;Jambi''' tahun&amp;nbsp;ke&amp;#8209;{{#expr:{{CURRENTYEAR}}-2024}}!}}&lt;/div&gt;
	  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-subtitle nomobile&quot;&gt;{{#switch:{{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}
	  |4 September|5 September|6 September=
	  |#default=Buku kosakato macam-macam bahaso pakek bahaso Jambi.}}&lt;/div&gt;
	  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-text&quot; style=&quot;margin-top:0.4rem;&quot;&gt;Maso ko, lah ado '''[[Special:PrefixIndex/Wt/jax|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax}}]]''' halaman lema di siko.&lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;div class=&quot;mp-text&quot;&gt;'''{{CURRENTDAYNAME}}, {{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}'''&lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:0.4rem;&quot;&gt;
    &lt;inputbox&gt;
 type=create
 width=25
 default=Wt/jax/
 buttonlabel=Buat lema
 break=no
&lt;/inputbox&gt;
  &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- BADAN --&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;mp-wrapper&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-column nomobile&quot;&gt;
{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
	|ikon=Wiktfavicon en.svg
	|judul=Wikikato tu apo?
	|link=
	|isi=Wikikamus ko dijadikan proyek untuk ngembangkan bahaso Jambi atau galo macam diterjemahkan ke dalam bahaso Jambi. Dak cuman bahaso Jambi bae yang dimasukkan ke siko, tapi jugo bahaso yang lainnyo dari macam-macam bangso.

Wikikamus bahasa Jambi ko boleh disunting oleh galo-galo orang. Makonyo, mohon bantuannyo untuk ngembangkan Wikikamus bahaso Jambi ko dengan masukkan kato-kato bahaso Jambi dan bahaso yang lainnyo. 

Terimo kasih banyak untuk kamu yang sadar soal pentingnyo lestarikan bahaso daerah hususnyo bahaso Jambi. Agek bahaso Jambi ko biso dipakek sampe bilo-bilo oleh masarakat Jambi. Dengan proyek ko jugo, bahaso Jambi biso dibelajari oleh macam-macam orang dari galo dunio. 
  }}
{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
    |ikon=Icon dictionary.svg
	|judul=Antarmuko lema
	|link=Wikikamus:Panduan antarmuko lema
	|isi=Iko lah, caro untuk bikin lema baru di Wikikamus, silokan salin be contoh suntingan supayo antarmuko lema jadi serupo galo.

&lt;pre&gt;
=={{Wt/jax/lang|kode bahaso}}==
{{Wt/jax/head|kode bahaso}}

{{Wt/jax/-kelas kato-|kode bahaso}}
# makna satu
# makna duo
&lt;/pre&gt;

Cuman ditukar be:
* '''kode bahaso'''—dengan kode untuk bahaso yang mau ditampilkan menjadi subjudul, silo ditengok di [[Wt/jax/Modul:lang|siko]] (contoh: &lt;code&gt;jax&lt;/code&gt; untuk &quot;bahaso Jambi&quot;)
* '''kelas kato'''—dengan kode kelas kato yang mau ditampilkan sebelum maknonyo, silo ditengok di [[:Category:Wt/jax/Templat kelas kato|siko]] (tulad: &lt;code&gt;-n-&lt;/code&gt; untuk &quot;kato bendo&quot;)
* '''pemaknoan'''—dengan makno kato tu, biso lebih dari sekok, &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:red&quot;&gt;harus makek bahaso Jambi&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 12px; padding: 6px 12px 6px 12px; border: 1px solid #AAA; background: #F9F9F9;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:red&quot;&gt;INGAT YO!&lt;/span&gt; Selain tigo informasi ko be jangan ditukar, yo, jangan ngubah-ngubah kode-kode lainnyo!&lt;/div&gt;

Sekok lema harusnyo punyo subjudul bahaso yang makek templat &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|kode bahaso}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, entri templat &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{head|kode bahaso}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, dengan pemaknoan serta kelas katonyo sekok be. Selain ko, silo melok aturan yang lah ditentukan dalam Wikikamus [[Wt/jax/Wikikamus:Contoh lema|contoh lema lengkap]]nyo.
}}

 &lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-column&quot;&gt;
{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
    |ikon=OOjs UI icon listNumbered-ltr-progressive.svg
	|judul=Jumlah kato bahaso Jambi
	|link=
	|align=center
	|isi='''Lah ado [[:Category:Wt/jax/jax:Lema|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/jax:Lema}}]] kato'''
	|warna=#0000FF}}{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
|ikon=OOjs UI icon listNumbered-ltr-progressive.svg
|judul=Jumlah kato dalam bahaso laen
|align=right
|isi=
&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:1.2em; line-height:1,2;&quot;&gt;
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/kvr:Lema|Bahaso Kincai]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/kvr:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/kvb:Lema|Bahaso Suku Anak Dalam]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/kvb:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/min:Lema|Bahaso Minang]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/min:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/id:Lema|Bahaso Indonesia]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/id:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/jv:Lema|Bahaso Jawo]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/jv:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/bew:Lema|Bahaso Betawi]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/bew:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/sas:Lema|Bahaso Sasak]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/sas:Lema}} kato
&lt;/div&gt;
|warna=000066}}{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
    |ikon=Codex icon search color-progressive.svg
	|judul=Tengok jugo
	|link=
	|align=right
	|isi=[[:Category:Wt/jax/Templat kelas kato|Tempelan kelas kato]] • [[Wt/jax/Payo ngopi|Payo Ngopi]]
	}}
  &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;nomobile&quot;&gt;
&lt;!-- PROYEK LAIN --&gt;
{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
|ikon=Wikimedia-logo.svg
|judul=Proyek lainnyo
|warna=1
|isi={{Wt/jax/Proyek Wiki}}
}}
&lt;/div&gt;
[[Category:Wt/jax]]
[[Category:Wt/jax/Utamo]]</text>
      <sha1>1kahd86mt2jlofzkxdz68xc5yujgeca</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304971</id>
      <parentid>7304966</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:32:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Muhamad Izzul Fiqih</username>
        <id>2584756</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304971</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5384" sha1="ptm2gwyfmnznnlpzyk3qkjb2zh2jcwh" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
__NOEDITSECTION__
&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/styles.css&quot;/&gt;
&lt;!-- KEPALO --&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;mp-header&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-wrapper&quot;&gt;
    &lt;div class=&quot;mp-column&quot;&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;mp-gundul mp-title nomobile&quot;&gt;سلامت داتڠ دويکيکاموس بهاس&amp;nbsp;جمبي&lt;/div&gt;
	  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-gundul mp-subtitle nomobile&quot;&gt;بوکو کوساکات ماچم٢ ڠونوکن بهاس جمبي&lt;/div&gt;
      &lt;div class=&quot;mp-laten mp-title nomobile&quot;&gt;{{#switch:{{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}
	  |#default=Selamat datang di '''Wikikamus&amp;nbsp;bahaso&amp;nbsp;Jambi'''
	  |4 September|5 September|6 September=Ko ulang tahun '''Wikikamus&amp;nbsp;bahaso&amp;nbsp;Jambi''' tahun&amp;nbsp;ke&amp;#8209;{{#expr:{{CURRENTYEAR}}-2024}}!}}&lt;/div&gt;
	  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-subtitle nomobile&quot;&gt;{{#switch:{{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}
	  |4 September|5 September|6 September=
	  |#default=Buku kosakato macam-macam bahaso pakek bahaso Jambi.}}&lt;/div&gt;
	  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-text&quot; style=&quot;margin-top:0.4rem;&quot;&gt;Maso ko, lah ado '''[[Special:PrefixIndex/Wt/jax|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax}}]]''' halaman lema di siko.&lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;div class=&quot;mp-text&quot;&gt;'''{{CURRENTDAYNAME}}, {{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}'''&lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:0.4rem;&quot;&gt;
    &lt;inputbox&gt;
 type=create
 width=25
 default=Wt/jax/
 buttonlabel=Buat lema
 break=no
&lt;/inputbox&gt;
  &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- BADAN --&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;mp-wrapper&quot;&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-column nomobile&quot;&gt;
{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
	|ikon=Wiktfavicon en.svg
	|judul=Wikikato tu apo?
	|link=
	|isi=Wikikamus ko dijadikan proyek untuk ngembangkan bahaso Jambi atau galo macam diterjemahkan ke dalam bahaso Jambi. Dak cuman bahaso Jambi bae yang dimasukkan ke siko, tapi jugo bahaso yang lainnyo dari macam-macam bangso.

Wikikamus bahasa Jambi ko boleh disunting oleh galo-galo orang. Makonyo, mohon bantuannyo untuk ngembangkan Wikikamus bahaso Jambi ko dengan masukkan kato-kato bahaso Jambi dan bahaso yang lainnyo. 

Terimo kasih banyak untuk kamu yang sadar soal pentingnyo lestarikan bahaso daerah hususnyo bahaso Jambi. Agek bahaso Jambi ko biso dipakek sampe bilo-bilo oleh masarakat Jambi. Dengan proyek ko jugo, bahaso Jambi biso dibelajari oleh macam-macam orang dari galo dunio. 
  }}
{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
    |ikon=Icon dictionary.svg
	|judul=Antarmuko lema
	|link=Wikikamus:Panduan antarmuko lema
	|isi=Iko lah, caro untuk bikin lema baru di Wikikamus, silokan salin be contoh suntingan supayo antarmuko lema jadi serupo galo.

&lt;pre&gt;
=={{Wt/jax/lang|kode bahaso}}==
{{Wt/jax/head|kode bahaso}}

{{Wt/jax/-kelas kato-|kode bahaso}}
# makna satu
# makna duo
&lt;/pre&gt;

Cuman ditukar be:
* '''kode bahaso'''—dengan kode untuk bahaso yang mau ditampilkan menjadi subjudul, silo ditengok di [[Wt/jax/Modul:lang|siko]] (contoh: &lt;code&gt;jax&lt;/code&gt; untuk &quot;bahaso Jambi&quot;)
* '''kelas kato'''—dengan kode kelas kato yang mau ditampilkan sebelum maknonyo, silo ditengok di [[:Category:Wt/jax/Templat kelas kato|siko]] (tulad: &lt;code&gt;-n-&lt;/code&gt; untuk &quot;kato bendo&quot;)
* '''pemaknoan'''—dengan makno kato tu, biso lebih dari sekok, &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:red&quot;&gt;harus makek bahaso Jambi&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin: 12px; padding: 6px 12px 6px 12px; border: 1px solid #AAA; background: #F9F9F9;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:red&quot;&gt;INGAT YO!&lt;/span&gt; Selain tigo informasi ko be jangan ditukar, yo, jangan ngubah-ngubah kode-kode lainnyo!&lt;/div&gt;

Sekok lema harusnyo punyo subjudul bahaso yang makek templat &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{lang|kode bahaso}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, entri templat &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{head|kode bahaso}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, dengan pemaknoan serta kelas katonyo sekok be. Selain ko, silo melok aturan yang lah ditentukan dalam Wikikamus [[Wt/jax/Wikikamus:Contoh lema|contoh lema lengkap]]nyo.
}}

 &lt;/div&gt;
  &lt;div class=&quot;mp-column&quot;&gt;
{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
    |ikon=OOjs UI icon listNumbered-ltr-progressive.svg
	|judul=Jumlah kato bahaso Jambi
	|link=
	|align=center
	|isi='''Lah ado [[:Category:Wt/jax/jax:Lema|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/jax:Lema}}]] kato'''
	|warna=#0000FF}}{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
|ikon=OOjs UI icon listNumbered-ltr-progressive.svg
|judul=Jumlah kato dalam bahaso laen
|align=right
|isi=
&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:1.2em; line-height:1,2;&quot;&gt;
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/kvr:Lema|Bahaso Kincai]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/kvr:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/kvb:Lema|Bahaso Suku Anak Dalam]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/kvb:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/min:Lema|Bahaso Minang]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/min:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/id:Lema|Bahaso Indonesia]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/id:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/jv:Lema|Bahaso Jawo]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/jv:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/bew:Lema|Bahaso Betawi]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/bew:Lema}} kato
# [[:Category:Wt/jax/sas:Lema|Bahaso Sasak]] lah ado {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wt/jax/sas:Lema}} kato
&lt;/div&gt;
|warna=000066}}{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
    |ikon=Codex icon search color-progressive.svg
	|judul=Tengok jugo
	|link=
	|align=right
	|isi=[[:Category:Wt/jax/Templat kelas kato|Tempelan kelas kato]] • [[Wt/jax/Payo ngopi|Payo Ngopi]]
	}}
  &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;nomobile&quot;&gt;
&lt;!-- PROYEK LAIN --&gt;
{{Wt/jax/Laman Utamo/kotak
|ikon=Wikimedia-logo.svg
|judul=Proyek lainnyo
|warna=1
|isi={{Wt/jax/Proyek Wiki}}
}}
&lt;/div&gt;
[[Category:Wt/jax]]
[[Category:Wt/jax/Utamo]]</text>
      <sha1>ptm2gwyfmnznnlpzyk3qkjb2zh2jcwh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wq/tt/Фәһим бабай</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3687776</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304979</id>
      <parentid>7304377</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:34:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>LiebSinger</username>
        <id>2661050</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* AMÍG CSAK EGY MAGYAR ÉL (Маҗарлар исән чакта) */</comment>
      <origin>7304979</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="555255" sha1="krtgbhv6svbef4ctp26vpcfp8oqkwtf" xml:space="preserve">== '''ГИМННАР ТӘРҖЕМӘЛӘРЕ''' ==
СЫЛТАМА:&lt;br&gt;
https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Гимннар_тәрҗемәләре

== '''ИГОРЬ ГУБЕРМАН “ГАРИКЛАРЫ”''' ==
СЫЛТАМА:&lt;br&gt;
https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wq/tt/Игорь_Губерман

== '''ГӨЛНӘФИДӘ''' ==
СЫЛТАМА:&lt;br&gt;
https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wq/tt/Гөлнәфидә_Лопанова

== '''КАРПАТ-ДУНАЙ МОҢНАРЫ – УРАЛ-ИДЕЛ ШАҢДАВЫ''' ==

'''''Бу сәхифәнең башлангыч өлешенә Маҗарстанның “Карпатия” исемле вокаль-инструменталь ансамбле репертуарыннан һәм башка маҗар чыганакларыннан алынган җыр-шигырь тәрҗемәләре керде. Башка телләрдән тәрҗемәләр һәм авторның үз язмалары – сәхифә азагында.''''' 

Маҗарлар – тарихи яктан татарларга тугандаш халык: аларның борынгы бабалары Көнбатыш Себердән Дунай елгасы буйларына таба бер мең елга  сузылган “Ватан эзләү сәяхәте” вакытында  бүгенге Татарстан һәм Башкортстан җирләре аша да үткәннәр. Маҗар эзләрен тарихчылар, әйтик, Минзәлә һәм Актаныш якларында тапканнар.

Соңрак маҗарлар төрки телле  башка халыклар белән дә аралашканнар. Галимнәр сүзе буенча, бүгенге маҗар телендә дә 800 ләп төрки-кыпчак алынмасы булуы менә шул борынгы тарихи мөнәсәбәтләр белән аңлатыла. Шул сәбәпле бу шигъри тупланманың  сәхифәдә беренче өлеш һәм аерым бер бүлек рәвешендә кертелүе дә урынсыз булмастыр: телләребез үзгә булса да – фонетик һәм грамматик аваздашлар, милли исем-атамаларыбыз да – рифмадаш. Борынгы һәм бүгенге Урал-Идел топонимнарының “җисми һәм тарихи игезәкләрен” Карпат-Дунай  буйларында да, димәк, биредәге тәрҗемәләрдә дә эзләп табып була.  Байракларыбызда да –  бер үк кызыл-ак-яшел төсләр.

Татарча текстлар маҗар телендәге шигырьләрнең үлчәмнәренә тәңгәл китереп тәрҗемә ителде.

=== '''ISTEN UJJA MEGÉRINTETT (Ходай кулы тиде безгә)''' ===
Volt valamikor egy régi világ&lt;br&gt;
Akkor élt apám, dédapám, nagyapám&lt;br&gt;
Tették a dolgukat, nem kérdeztek semmit&lt;br&gt;
Tudták az életet, jó volt magyarnak lenni!&lt;br&gt;

Jött valamikor egy másik világ&lt;br&gt;
Jött a zöld szemű Rózsa, s jött a Kormorán.&lt;br&gt;
Lett egy nagy család, lesz mit elmesélni&lt;br&gt;
Volt valahol egy hely, hol jó volt magyarnak lenni!&lt;br&gt;

Van nekünk egy zászlónk, mit nem téphetnek szét&lt;br&gt;
A színek maradnak, akármilyen a szél&lt;br&gt;
Álmaimban álmodtam, jó lenne szeretni&lt;br&gt;
Legyen olyan hely, hol jó magyarnak lenni!&lt;br&gt;

Legyen végre egy ország, hol a szavakat kimondhatják!&lt;br&gt;
Legyen végre egy nép, mely elmondhatja kínját!&lt;br&gt;
Legyen végre sok ember, kik tudják, hol a mennyország!&lt;br&gt;
Az lesz az a hely, mit úgy hívnak Magyarország!&lt;br&gt;

A csillagok messze a Föld szívébe látnak&lt;br&gt;
Kik hosszú úton vándoroltak, itt hazát találtak&lt;br&gt;
Ha elvették, mi Tiéd volt, vissza kell azt venni!&lt;br&gt;
Isten ujja megérintett: jó lesz magyarnak lenni!&lt;br&gt;
Na-na-na-na-na, na-na-na-na-na…&lt;br&gt;

'''ХОДАЙ КУЛЫ ТИДЕ БЕЗГӘ'''&lt;br&gt;
'''Ходай кулы тиде безгә...''' Насара Инҗилендә шундый бер җөмлә бар (Иов 19:21):
'''”Гафу итегез, гафу итегез мине, дусларым, Ходай кулы миңа кагылды”'''. Бу җырның исеме шуннан алынган.&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамалары:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/kormoran-isten-ujja-megerintett-378ec3a2d9f62a97c26f38b468250cab

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/kormoran-isten-ujja-megerintett-2-0259becade0deb757f60be998f8cef51

Беләм элек шундый дөнья булган-барын:&lt;br&gt;
Аңарда яшәгән ата-бабаларым&lt;br&gt;
Эшләгән үз эшен, сорамый ялварып,&lt;br&gt;
Тормышны белгәннәр, күркәм дип маҗарлык!&lt;br&gt;

Кайчандыр башка бер дөнья пәйда булган,&lt;br&gt;
Яшел күз гөлчәчәк*, очар кош Корморан**.&lt;br&gt;
Зур гаилә туган, сөйләп тә мактарлык,&lt;br&gt;
Булган күркәмлектә анда да маҗарлык!&lt;br&gt;

Ту-байрагыбызны ертып-өзеп булмас,&lt;br&gt;
Нинди җил иссә дә, төсләре һич уңмас.&lt;br&gt;
Төштә күргән хыял – яратып уйларлык:&lt;br&gt;
Булса иде күркәм илемдә маҗарлык!&lt;br&gt;

Киләчәктә булсын бер ил – сүзең әйтеп булган бер!&lt;br&gt;
Киләчәктә булсын халык – зарын сөйли алган бер!&lt;br&gt;
Киләчәк оҗмах дип илне телгә алсын!&lt;br&gt;
Булсын шундый урын – Маҗарстан аталсын!&lt;br&gt;

Йолдыз күрә ул ерактан, Җир күңеленә баккан.&lt;br&gt;
Озак сәфәр кылган бабам үз җирен-илен тапкан.&lt;br&gt;
Элек тартып алынганны куй син кире кайтарып!&lt;br&gt;
Ходай кулы тиде безгә: күркәм Җирдә маҗарлык!&lt;br&gt;
На-на-на-на-на, на-на-на-на-на...&lt;br&gt;

* Яшел күзле гөлчәчәк сорты Нидерландта барлыкка килгән. Бик нәзберекле гөл, карап-күзәтеп үстерергә кирәк, диләр.&lt;br&gt;

** Корморан – бакланнар гаиләсендәге бер кош. Бу җырны беренче булып башкарган маҗар ансамбленең исеме дә ул. Әлеге кош шулай ук Нидерландтагы бер автомобильләр җитештерүче фирманың рәсми символы булып тора.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''PIROS SZÍV, FEHÉR HÓ, ZÖLD LEVÉL (КЫЗЫЛ ҖАН, АК КАРЛАР, ЯШЕЛ УТ)''' ===
Piros szív, fehér hó, zöld levél.&lt;br&gt;
Piros hajnal, fehér álom, zöld remény.&lt;br&gt;
Új tavasz jön, s új remény, hogy visszatér még a fény.&lt;br&gt;
Piros szív, fehér hó, zöld levél&lt;br&gt;

Nagyszőlős, Beregszász, Ilosva,&lt;br&gt;
Munkácsnak megcsúfolt várfoka...&lt;br&gt;
Új tavasz jön, s új határ, és a szép turulmadár&lt;br&gt;
Vissza száll, újra száll, haza száll.&lt;br&gt;
Új tavasz jön, s új határ, és a szép turulmadár&lt;br&gt;
Vissza száll, újra száll, haza száll.&lt;br&gt;

Piros szív, fehér hó, zöld levél.&lt;br&gt;
Piros hajnal, fehér álom, zöld remény.&lt;br&gt;
Új tavasz jön, s új remény, hogy visszatér még a fény&lt;br&gt;
Piros szív, fehér hó, zöld levél.&lt;br&gt;

Esküvők, katonák, ünnepek,&lt;br&gt;
Ősi föld, sok vidám kisgyerek.&lt;br&gt;
Kárpátalján szól a dal, jaj lesz e még elég magyar,&lt;br&gt;
Száll a dal, zeng a dal, hív a dal.&lt;br&gt;
Kárpátalján szól a dal, jaj lesz e még elég magyar,&lt;br&gt;
Száll a dal, zeng a dal, hív a dal.&lt;br&gt;

Piros szív, fehér hó, zöld levél.&lt;br&gt;
Piros hajnal, fehér álom, zöld remény.&lt;br&gt;
Új tavasz jön, s új remény, hogy visszatér még a fény.&lt;br&gt;
Piros szív, fehér hó, zöld levél.&lt;br&gt;

Hogy ha kell, megesküszöm, ott leszek.&lt;br&gt;
Hogy ha kell, еsküszöm, elmegyek.&lt;br&gt;
Nyílik majd még sok virág, s az árnyas Ungvári fák&lt;br&gt;
Nе sárgulj, maradj zöld, fűzfaág!&lt;br&gt;
Nyílik majd még sok virág, s az árnyas Ungvári fák&lt;br&gt;
Ne sárgulj, maradj zöld, fűzfaág!&lt;br&gt;

https://rutube.ru/video/2dd960e0db64bb48ceea178c8b2c98f3/

https://get-tune.net/song/256810-k-rp-tia/195545703-piros-sz-v-feh-r-h-z-ld-lev-l/

'''КЫЗЫЛ ҖАН, АК КАРЛАР, ЯШЕЛ УТ'''&lt;br&gt;

Кызыл җан, ак карлар, яшел ут:&lt;br&gt;
Таң, хыял, өметтә – төс шул ук. &lt;br&gt;
Яңа яз һәм өмет безне алга дәшер:&lt;br&gt;
Җан – кызыл, карлар – ак, ут – яшел*.&lt;br&gt;

Надьсөлөш, Бәрәгсас, Илошва…&lt;br&gt;
Мункачның** кирмәне – хурлыкта...&lt;br&gt;
Яңа яз, яңа чик – әй, гүзәлем, кош Турул***,&lt;br&gt;
Кайт туган җиреңә, илдә бул.&lt;br&gt;
Яңа яз, яңа чик – әй, гүзәлем, кош Турул,&lt;br&gt;
Кайт туган җиреңә, илдә бул.&lt;br&gt;

Кызыл җан, ак карлар, яшел ут:&lt;br&gt;
Таң, хыял, өметтә – төс шул ук. &lt;br&gt;
Яңа яз һәм өмет безне алга дәшер:&lt;br&gt;
Җан – кызыл, карлар – ак, ут – яшел.&lt;br&gt;

Бәйрәмнәр, яучылар һәм туйлар,&lt;br&gt;
Тәүге җир, күңелле балалар.&lt;br&gt;
Җыр яңгырый Карпатта, өн сала ул маҗарга,&lt;br&gt;
Җыр оча, җыр өнди ул алга.&lt;br&gt;
Җыр яңгырый Карпатта, өн сала ул маҗарга,&lt;br&gt;
Җыр оча, җыр өнди ул алга.&lt;br&gt;

Кызыл җан, ак карлар, яшел ут:&lt;br&gt;
Таң, хыял, өметтә – төс шул ук. &lt;br&gt;
Яңа яз һәм өмет безне алга дәшер:&lt;br&gt;
Җан – кызыл, карлар – ак, ут – яшел.&lt;br&gt;

Ант итәм: мин анда булырмын.&lt;br&gt;
Ант итәм: кирәксә, барырмын.&lt;br&gt;
Саргаймый чәчәкләр, агач-тал – Уңварда****,&lt;br&gt;
Кызыл, ак, яшел төс – аларда!&lt;br&gt;
Саргаймый чәчәкләр, агач-тал – Уңварда,&lt;br&gt;
Кызыл, ак, яшел төс – аларда!&lt;br&gt;

* Кызыл, ак, яшел – Маҗарстан байрагы төсләре. Яшел ут – биредә “ яшел үлән” мәгънәсендә.

** Надьсөлөш, Бәрәгсас, Илошва, Мункач – Карпат арты өлкәсендәге шәһәрчекләрнең маҗарча исемнәре. 1944 елга кадәр алар Маҗарстан карамагында булганнар. Икенче бөтендөнья сугышыннан соң Карпат артын ашыга-ашыга украинлаштыру башланган. Бу урыннарның бүгенге славянча исемнәре – Виноградов, Берегово, Иршава, Мукачево.

*** Турул – маҗарларның милли-риваяти кошы.

**** Уңвар – Карпат арты өлкәсе үзәге Ужгород шәһәренең маҗарча исеме.

=== '''CIVITAS FORTISSIMA (Иң кыю шәһәр)''' ===
'''''Recitativ:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Tudjátok meg emberek, hogy jövőtök felől ti magatok, nem pedig mások döntenek.&lt;br&gt;
S hogy volt egy város, ki kezébe vette sorsát.&lt;br&gt;
Fegyverek ordító hangján szólt az igazság,&lt;br&gt;
Nem hajtott fejet a nagyhatalmak előtt,&lt;br&gt;
saját földjéért vitézül küzdött.&lt;br&gt;
Hogy mi lehetett volna, ha követőkre talál és minden város bátran sarkára áll.&lt;br&gt;
Hát csak szolgáljon példaként, hirdessük tettüket, hegyeket mozdít el a hazaszeretet.&lt;br&gt;
Letűnt idők, beszédes tanúja Civitas Fortissima.&lt;br&gt;

Volt egy szép ország, ahogy apáink álmodták,&lt;br&gt;
De most idegen csizmák súlyos léptei földünk tapossák,&lt;br&gt;
De most idegen csizmák súlyos léptei földünk tapossák.&lt;br&gt;

A halál amerre kaszál, fogy a nép szűkül a határ.&lt;br&gt;
És a reggeli napfény más országok karmai közt talál.&lt;br&gt;
És a reggeli napfény más országok karmai közt talál.&lt;br&gt;

Megtör vagy ellenáll, csak biztató jelre vár,&lt;br&gt;
S az Ipoly partján egy város népe bátran harcba száll,&lt;br&gt;
S az Ipoly partján egy város népe bátran harcba száll.&lt;br&gt;

Szemükben elszántság, céljuk a szabadság&lt;br&gt;
és a padlásokról előkerülnek az elrejtett puskák,&lt;br&gt;
és a padlásokról előkerülnek az elrejtett puskák.&lt;br&gt; 

Civil, vasutas, katona maroknyi lelkes hada.&lt;br&gt;
Bátran küzdött, s vérrel írta Civitas Fortissima.&lt;br&gt;
Bátran küzdött, s vérrel írta Civitas Fortissima.&lt;br&gt;
Bátran küzdött, s vérrel írta Civitas Fortissima.&lt;br&gt;
Bátran küzdött, s vérrel írta Civitas Fortissima.&lt;br&gt;

'''ИҢ КЫЮ ШӘҺӘР'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамалары:

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-civitas-fortissima-b6f21071b8923e01b015edab86d35bc2

https://zvyki.com/song/174903949/Karpatia_-_Civitas_fortissima/

'''''Речитатив:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Әй кешеләр, киләчәкне хәл итәсез үзегез,&lt;br&gt;
Читтән килеп булышмаслар, дуслар, шуны белегез.&lt;br&gt;
Шәһәр булган, үз язмышын алган ул үз кулына.&lt;br&gt;
Хакыйкать әйткән үз сүзен, кушылып туп тавышына.&lt;br&gt;
“Бөекләр” алдында халкы имәгән газиз башын,&lt;br&gt;
Тәвәккәл булып яклаган үз җирен, үз дөньясын.&lt;br&gt;
Ни булыр иде, ил буйлап тарафдарлар ул тапса,&lt;br&gt;
Бөтен шәһәрләр дә бергә шулай аякка басса?&lt;br&gt;
Ватанга мәхәббәт таулар күчерә – хак сүз сиңа:&lt;br&gt;
Узган заманнардан шаһит – Civitas Fortissima!&lt;br&gt;

1. Гүзәл иде бу ил элек, ата-баба хыялы,&lt;br&gt;
'''||:''' Ләкин хәзер, авыр атлап, чит-ятлар таптый аны. ''':||'''&lt;br&gt;

2. Үлем туе: халык кырыла һәм кискәләнә Ватан,&lt;br&gt;
'''||:''' Башка илләр тырнагында туа аңарда ал таң. ''':||'''

3. Каршы торма, ди хакимнәр, туган җиреңне ташла.&lt;br&gt;
'''||:''' Ипой ярында бер шәһәр халкы аякка баса. ''':||'''

4. Һәм күзләре яна уттай – азат тормыш хакына,&lt;br&gt;
'''||:''' Чардакта яткан мылтыгын ала һәркем кулына. ''':||'''

5. Тимер юлчы, эшче, солдат – бер бөртек гаскәр.&lt;br&gt;
'''||||:''' Канга манып язды куллар – “Иң кыю шәһәр”. ''':||||''' 

''Бу җыр Маҗарстанның '''Балашадьярмат''' шәһәре тарихына багышлап язылган. 1919 елда, Австрия-Венгрия империясен таркатып бетерү йөзеннән, Антанта гаскәрләре элек маҗарлар күчеп килеп яшәгән җирләрне яңадан төзелә яки торгызыла торган дәүләтләргә өләшә башлыйлар. “Бөекләр” әмере буенча Балашадьярмат шәһәре Чехословакия карамагына керергә тиеш була. Моның төп сәбәбе: Көнчыгышка, Украинага һәм Антантага каршы сугышкан Советлар Русиясенә таба тимер юл шул шәһәр аша үтә.''

''Ләкин әлеге елның 29 гыйнварында Ипой (Ипел) елгасы буенда урнашкан шәһәр кешеләре, Маҗарстанда бердәнбер булган килеш, баскыннарга каршы баш күтәрә. Маҗарстанның дәүләт гаскәрләреннән бу төбәктә туып үскән 95 солдат та килеп кушыла. Каршы як гаскәре тар-мар ителә. Антанта бүтән бу шәһәргә кул сузмый, ул бүген дә Маҗарстан дәүләте карамагында. Шушы батырлык өчен шәһәргә “Civitas Fortissima” дигән өстәмә атама бирелгән. Латин сүзләрен “Иң кыю өммәт” дип тә тәрҗемә итеп була.''

''Бүген 14 меңләп  кеше яшәгән Балашадьярматта бу тарихи вакыйгага багышланган һәйкәл бар.''   

=== '''IGAZÁN SZERETNI (Ихластан ярату)''' ===
'''''Recitativ:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Amit erő és hatalom elvesz, azt idő és kedvező szerencse ismét visszahozhatják. De miről a nemzet, félve a szenvedésektől, önmaga lemondott, annak visszaszerzése mindig nehéz, s mindig kétsége. 

Mert aki hazáját igazán szereti,&lt;br&gt;
Oltárán gyönyörű életét szenteli.&lt;br&gt;
Piros-fehér-zöld lesz áldott szemfedője,&lt;br&gt;
De Isten úgy segítsen, száz lép majd helyébe.&lt;br&gt;

Akinek fáj Erdély rabláncon tartása,&lt;br&gt;
S eljut a szívéig súlyos sóhajtása.&lt;br&gt;
Meghallja konduló harang hívó szavát,&lt;br&gt;
Nem hagyja magára szegény Kárpátalját.&lt;br&gt;

Kinyújtja segítő két kezét népének,&lt;br&gt;
Ezer sebből vérző Tátra-Felvidéknek.&lt;br&gt;
És ha harci sípját a nyugati szél fújja,&lt;br&gt;
Őr vidék keresztjét erős vállán hordja.&lt;br&gt;

Látja szolga sorba hajtott magyarságát,&lt;br&gt;
Eke szarván síró Bánságot és Bácskát.&lt;br&gt;
Ráncot szánt az idő ifjú homlokára,&lt;br&gt;
De szemében csillog a szabadságnak lángja.&lt;br&gt;

Mert aki hazáját igazán szereti,&lt;br&gt;
Oltárán gyönyörű életét szenteli.&lt;br&gt;
Piros-fehér-zöld lesz áldott szemfedője,&lt;br&gt;
De Isten úgy segítsen, én lépek helyébe. &lt;br&gt;

'''ИХЛАСТАН ЯРАТУ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамалары:

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-igazan-szeretni-747c20ace0ccfe57c0ca289df2cbcdba

&lt;br&gt;
https://zvyki.com/song/154544161/K_rp_tia_-_Igaz_n_szeretni/&lt;br&gt;

'''''Речитатив:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Көч-куәт белән тартып алынганны заман һәм уңыш кайтарырга мөмкин. Әмма милләтнең, газаплардан шүрләп, үзе баш тарткан байлыгын кайтаруы һәрчак кыен һәм икеле. 

Яратса бер кеше ихластан Ватанын,&lt;br&gt;
Багышлар тормышын аның хозурында.&lt;br&gt;
Кызыл-ак-яшел төс кәфенендә аның,&lt;br&gt;
Йөз басар ур(ы)нына, ярдәм бирсен Хода.&lt;br&gt;

Җан сыкрана, күреп Әрдей богауларын,&lt;br&gt;
Тоеп илнең ыңгырашу-иңрәүләрен;&lt;br&gt;
Хак Тәгалә, иш(е)теп кыңгырау чаңнарын,&lt;br&gt;
Калдырмас бәладә Карпатия җирләрен.&lt;br&gt;

Сузар ярдәм кулын Ходай үз халкына,&lt;br&gt;
Канга баткан Татра һәм Тау өлкәсенә.&lt;br&gt;
Өрсә мәгъриб җиле яу сыбызгысына,&lt;br&gt;
Чик ташларын батыр салыр җилкәсенә.&lt;br&gt;

Газиз халкы дучар коллык сөргененә,&lt;br&gt;
Сабан тоткан Банат һәм Бачка сагышлы;&lt;br&gt;
Җыерчыклар салса да вакыт йөзенә,&lt;br&gt;
Азатлыкка сүнмәс күзләр омтылышлы.&lt;br&gt;

Яратса бер кеше ихластан Ватанын,&lt;br&gt;
Багышлар тормышын аның хозурында.&lt;br&gt;
Кызыл-ак-яшел төс кәфенендә аның,&lt;br&gt;
Мин басам ур(ы)нына, ярдәм бирсен Хода.&lt;br&gt;

'''''Кызыл-ак-яшел''''' ''– Маҗарстан байрагы төсләре.''&lt;br&gt;
'''''Әрдей''''' ''(Erdély, Трансильвания) – 1920 елда Румыниягә кереп калган саф маҗар телле төбәк; биредә яшәүче сейкәй кавеменең ата-бабалары – көнчыгыштан Карпат таулары артына IX гасырда ук килеп урнашкан беренче маҗар токымы.''&lt;br&gt;
'''''Карпатия''''' ''– Украинаның үзәге Уңвар (Ужгород) булган маҗар телле Карпат арты төбәге һәм Молдованың чаңгош маҗарлары яшәгән җирләр.''&lt;br&gt;
'''''Татра''''' ''һәм '''Тау өлкәсе''' – бүгенге Словакиядә маҗарларның словаклар белән аралашып яшәгән җирләре.''&lt;br&gt;
'''''Банат''''' ''һәм '''Бачка''' – Дунай һәм Тиса елгалары арасындагы, элек, Австрия-Венгрия мәмләкәте таркалганчы, Маҗар кыйраллыгы составына кергән маҗар телле төбәкләр. Бүген алар Сербия һәм Румыния карамагында.''&lt;br&gt;

=== '''MAGYAR ÉNEK (Маҗар җыры)''' ===
Mint egykor Erdély meghajszolt határán&lt;br&gt;
A fölriasztott utolsó bölény.&lt;br&gt;
Úgy állsz most népem, oly riadtan, árván,&lt;br&gt;
Búd vadonának reszkető ölén. &lt;br&gt;

És én, mint véred lüktető zenéje,&lt;br&gt;
Ahogy most lázas ajkadon liheg.&lt;br&gt;
A hang vagyok, mely belesír az éjbe&lt;br&gt;
és sorsod gyászát így zendíti meg: &lt;br&gt;

A mindenségbe annyi jaj kiáltson,&lt;br&gt;
Ahány magyar rög innen elszakad.&lt;br&gt;
A tíz körmömmel kelljen bár kiásnom,&lt;br&gt;
Kikaparom a földből a holtakat. &lt;br&gt;

Meredjen égnek, körül a határon&lt;br&gt;
Irtó karjuknak végtelen sora.&lt;br&gt;
S az égboltján fönt lángbetűkkel álljon&lt;br&gt;
Egy égő, elszánt, zordon szó: soha &lt;br&gt;

Uram, tudd meg, hogy nem akarok élni&lt;br&gt;
Csak magyar földön és csak magyarul.&lt;br&gt;
Ha bűn, hogy lelket nem tudok cserélni,&lt;br&gt;
Jobb is, ha szárnyam mármost porba hull.&lt;br&gt;

De ezt a lelket itt hagyom örökbe,&lt;br&gt;
S ez ott vijjog majd Kárpát havasán.&lt;br&gt;
És belesírom minden ősi rögbe,&lt;br&gt;
El innen rablók, ez az én hazám.&lt;br&gt;

És leszek szégyen és legyek gyalázat,&lt;br&gt;
és ott égek majd minden homlokon.&lt;br&gt;
S mint bujdosó gyász az én szép hazámat&lt;br&gt;
A Jóistentől visszazokogom.&lt;br&gt;

És megfúvom majd hitem harsonáit,&lt;br&gt;
Bölcsővé lesz még minden ravatal.&lt;br&gt;
Havas Kárpáttól kéklő Adriáig&lt;br&gt;
Egy ország lesz itt, egyetlen, s magyar.&lt;br&gt;

'''МАҖАР ҖЫРЫ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамалары:

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-magyar-enek-58e77008c056989798d2abc02e3b6e9f

&lt;br&gt;
https://zvyki.com/search/q/magyar+ének/

Әрдейләрдә эзәрлекләнгән берчак,&lt;br&gt;
Бүген, соңгы үгез күк калтырап,&lt;br&gt;
Өркетелгән халкым тора ялгызак,&lt;br&gt;
Буда карурманында аптырап.&lt;br&gt;

Иреннәреңдә кызышып саташкан&lt;br&gt;
Канның дөп-дөп типкән көе кебек,&lt;br&gt;
Язмышыңның фаҗигасен тараткан&lt;br&gt;
Сөрән салып дәшәм, сиңа килеп.&lt;br&gt;

Таудан купкан кантарлар өне белән&lt;br&gt;
Галәмгә ачы тавышым иңсен.&lt;br&gt;
Ун бармагым тырмашсын, кабат гүрдән&lt;br&gt;
Яугир шәһитләр, дип, илгә килсен.&lt;br&gt;

Тәмугка ашсын, канлы кулын уып,&lt;br&gt;
Чик буенда посышкан бар дошман.&lt;br&gt;
Күк йөзендә утлы хәрефләр булып&lt;br&gt;
Язылсын катгый бер сүз: “Һичкайчан!”&lt;br&gt;

Йа Ходай, кирәк түгел миңа яшәү&lt;br&gt;
Туган җиргә, телгә чит тарафта.&lt;br&gt;
Гөнаһ булса җан алмаштыра белмәү,&lt;br&gt;
Юкка чыксын бу хыял-канат та.&lt;br&gt;

Калдырырмын мин җанымны мираска,&lt;br&gt;
Яңгырасын Карпат-тау иңендә,&lt;br&gt;
Инәлүем язылыр һәрбер ташка:&lt;br&gt;
“Юкка чыксын талаучы Илемдә!”&lt;br&gt;

Оят булып йөзенә ягылырмын,&lt;br&gt;
Сатса берәр бәндә үз намусын.&lt;br&gt;
Бер Ходайдан мин ялварып алырмын&lt;br&gt;
Ватан дигән бу йөрәк сагышын.&lt;br&gt;

Сулыш өрәм инану торбасына:&lt;br&gt;
Бишек ясарбыз әле табуттан.&lt;br&gt;
Чал Карпаттан күк Әдрән дәрьясына&lt;br&gt;
Кабат җәелер ул – уртак Ватан.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''MAGYARNAK SZÜLETTEM! (Маҗар булып яшим!)''' ===
Nem hajlok semmi szélnek,&lt;br&gt;
Pusztító jégverésnek,&lt;br&gt;
Úgy állok rendületlen,&lt;br&gt;
Magyarnak születtem!&lt;br&gt;

Hiába ütnek, rúgnak,&lt;br&gt;
Kemény fából faragtak.&lt;br&gt;
Az ég ítél felettem,&lt;br&gt;
Magyarnak születtem!&lt;br&gt;

Lágy eső arcom mossa,&lt;br&gt;
Vállamon népem sorsa.&lt;br&gt;
Teszem mit meg kell tennem,&lt;br&gt;
Magyarnak születtem!&lt;br&gt;

Vadászhat énrám bárki,&lt;br&gt;
Van erőm bosszút állni.&lt;br&gt;
Én soha nem felejtem,&lt;br&gt;
Magyarnak születtem!&lt;br&gt;

Ha egyszer megtagadnám,&lt;br&gt;
Édes jó szülőhazám.&lt;br&gt;
Sújtson le rám az Isten&lt;br&gt;!
Magyarnak születtem!&lt;br&gt;

Rab madár, hogy ha voltam,&lt;br&gt;
Kitéptem minden tollam.&lt;br&gt;
Áruló sosem lettem,&lt;br&gt;
Magyarnak születtem!&lt;br&gt;

'''МАҖАР БУЛЫП ЯШИМ!'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамалары:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-magyarnak-szulettem-44d1709ef7038e59fb0d3a40427e3a3e

https://zvyki.com/song/20207573/Karpatia_-_Magyarnak_szulettem/

Баш имим җил каршында,&lt;br&gt;
Үтәмен кар-бозын да,&lt;br&gt;
Нык торамын, бирешмим:&lt;br&gt;
Маҗар булып гел яшим!&lt;br&gt;

Кыйнасалар да качмам,&lt;br&gt;
Имән күк мин агачтан.&lt;br&gt;
Күкләр миңа тик хаким,&lt;br&gt;
Маҗар булып гел яшим! &lt;br&gt;

Ләйсән юа йөземне,&lt;br&gt;
Мин кадерлим илемне.&lt;br&gt;
Кирәк булганны эшлим,&lt;br&gt;
Маҗар булып гел яшим! &lt;br&gt;

Теләсә кем ауласын –&lt;br&gt;
Аллаһым ярлыкасын!&lt;br&gt;
Онытмыйм, бәхәсләшмим:&lt;br&gt;
Маҗар булып гел яшим! &lt;br&gt;

Әгәр дә мин ваз кичсәм&lt;br&gt;
Изге туган җиремнән,&lt;br&gt;
Аллаһым кичермәс, дим.&lt;br&gt;
Маҗар булып гел яшим! &lt;br&gt;

Читлектә кош булыйммы?! –&lt;br&gt;
Йолкыгыз каурыемны!&lt;br&gt;
Һәр сатлыкка көндәш мин,&lt;br&gt;
Маҗар булып гел яшим!&lt;br&gt;

=== '''NEMZETI DAL (Милләт җыры)''' ===
Talpra magyar, hí a haza!&lt;br&gt;
Itt az idő, most vagy soha!&lt;br&gt;
Rabok legyünk vagy szabadok?&lt;br&gt;
Ez a kérdés, válasszatok!&lt;br&gt;
A magyarok Istenére esküszünk,&lt;br&gt;
Esküszünk, hogy rabok tovább&lt;br&gt;
Nem leszünk! &lt;br&gt;

Rabok voltunk mostanáig,&lt;br&gt;
Kárhozottak ősapáink,&lt;br&gt;
Kik szabadon éltek-haltak,&lt;br&gt;
Szolgaföldben nem nyughatnak.&lt;br&gt;
A magyarok Istenére esküszünk,&lt;br&gt;
Esküszünk, hogy rabok tovább&lt;br&gt;
Nem leszünk! &lt;br&gt;

Sehonnai bitang ember,&lt;br&gt;
Ki most, ha kell, halni nem mer,&lt;br&gt;
Kinek drágább rongy élete,&lt;br&gt;
Mint a haza becsülete.&lt;br&gt;
A magyarok Istenére esküszünk,&lt;br&gt;
Esküszünk, hogy rabok tovább&lt;br&gt;
Nem leszünk!&lt;br&gt;

Fényesebb a láncnál a kard,&lt;br&gt;
Jobban ékesíti a kart,&lt;br&gt;
És mi mégis láncot hordtunk!&lt;br&gt;
Ide veled, régi kardunk!&lt;br&gt;
A magyarok Istenére esküszünk,&lt;br&gt;
Esküszünk, hogy rabok tovább&lt;br&gt;
Nem leszünk!&lt;br&gt;

A magyar név megint szép lesz,&lt;br&gt;
Méltó régi nagy hiréhez;&lt;br&gt;
Mit rákentek a századok,&lt;br&gt;
Lemossuk a gyalázatot!&lt;br&gt;
A magyarok Istenére esküszünk,&lt;br&gt;
Esküszünk, hogy rabok tovább&lt;br&gt;
Nem leszünk!&lt;br&gt;

Hol sírjaink domborulnak,&lt;br&gt;
Unokáink leborulnak,&lt;br&gt;
És áldó imádság mellett&lt;br&gt;
Mondják el szent neveinket.&lt;br&gt;
A magyarok Istenére esküszünk,&lt;br&gt;
Esküszünk, hogy rabok tovább&lt;br&gt;
Nem leszünk!&lt;br&gt;

'''МИЛЛӘТ ҖЫРЫ'''&lt;br&gt;
'''''(авторы – Шандор Пәтөфи, 1848 елда язылган)'''''&lt;br&gt;
Аудиолары:&lt;br&gt;
'''Kormorán''' ансамбле башкаруында&lt;br&gt;
https://muzjam.org/search/nemzeti%20dal

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/fonograf-nemzeti-dal-4c11dd22b9efe4ca75d7f368b58e2658

Кузгал, маҗар, чакыра Ватан!&lt;br&gt;
Йә бүген үк, йә һичкайчан!&lt;br&gt;
Коллар булып калыргамы,&lt;br&gt;
Әллә азат булыргамы?&lt;br&gt;
Әй маҗарлар, Хак каршында ихластан&lt;br&gt;
Ант итәбез: “Кол булмабыз һичкайчан!”&lt;br&gt;

Коллар булдык... Ата-баба&lt;br&gt;
Каберләрдән сөрән сала:&lt;br&gt;
Азат яшәгәннәр җирдә&lt;br&gt;
Таба алмый тынлык гүрдә!&lt;br&gt;
Әй маҗарлар, Хак каршында ихластан&lt;br&gt;
Ант итәбез: “Кол булмабыз һичкайчан!”&lt;br&gt;

Ләгънәтем – язмыш кушканда,&lt;br&gt;
Үлемнән куркып качканга,&lt;br&gt;
Учлап тотып кабих җанын,&lt;br&gt;
Сатып намусын, Ватанын.&lt;br&gt;
Әй маҗарлар, Хак каршында ихластан&lt;br&gt;
Ант итәбез: “Кол булмабыз һичкайчан!”&lt;br&gt;

Кылыч – балкышлы чылбырдан,&lt;br&gt;
Төшмәсен ул безнең кулдан.&lt;br&gt;
Күпме йөрергә богауда?&lt;br&gt;
Тот коралың, ирек яула!&lt;br&gt;
Әй маҗарлар, Хак каршында ихластан&lt;br&gt;
Ант итәбез: “Кол булмабыз һичкайчан!”&lt;br&gt;

Маҗар ис(е)ме горур, шанлы,&lt;br&gt;
Кайтарыйк борынгы данны;&lt;br&gt;
Кире как шайтан әгъвасын,&lt;br&gt;
Юып ташла йөз карасын!&lt;br&gt;
Әй маҗарлар, Хак каршында ихластан&lt;br&gt;
Ант итәбез: “Кол булмабыз һичкайчан!”&lt;br&gt;

Гүр өстендә тау өярләр,&lt;br&gt;
Һәм оныклар баш иярләр,&lt;br&gt;
Дога кылып, әйтер һәркем&lt;br&gt;
Изгеләрнең исемнәрен.&lt;br&gt;
Әй маҗарлар, Хак каршында ихластан&lt;br&gt;
Ант итәбез: “Кол булмабыз һичкайчан!”&lt;br&gt;

=== '''EGY AZ ISTEN, EGY A NEMZET (Бер үк Алла, бер үк милләт)''' ===
Egy az Isten, egy a nemzet,&lt;br&gt;
Bármily gyenge, bármily sebzett.&lt;br&gt;
Ahol a fák égig nőnek,&lt;br&gt;
Állnak még a határkövek.&lt;br&gt;
||: Szent koronánk&lt;br&gt;
Óvd, vigyázd Hazánk,&lt;br&gt;
Hajnal csillag szép keresztünk,&lt;br&gt;
Ragyogj fel reánk. :||&lt;br&gt;

Zúgó erdők, kéklő sziklák&lt;br&gt;
Esőverte árva kopják&lt;br&gt;
Visszhangozzák, mennydörögnek&lt;br&gt;
Egy az Isten, egy a nemzet.&lt;br&gt;
||: Szent koronánk&lt;br&gt;
Óvd, vigyázd Hazánk,&lt;br&gt;
Hajnal csillag szép keresztünk,&lt;br&gt;
Ragyogj fel reánk. :||&lt;br&gt;

Elvérzett a nemzet nagy Magyarországért&lt;br&gt;
Most sír, zokog a lelkünk hegyekért, rónákért.&lt;br&gt;
Aki azt majd egyszer újra feltámasztja,&lt;br&gt;
Áldja meg az Isten és minden magyar ajka. &lt;br&gt;
Most hát okulásul figyelj a szavamra,&lt;br&gt;
Figyelj, s kezed merítsd a hűs patakba,&lt;br&gt;
Érzed a pataknak sebes rohanását,&lt;br&gt;
Az ország szívének minden dobbanását.&lt;br&gt; 
Hallgasd a köveket, hallgasd, amint mondják,&lt;br&gt;
Idegen hatalmak őket összezúzták.&lt;br&gt;
Kőnek és embernek ugyanaz volt sorsa,&lt;br&gt;
Mostoha gyermekét egy világ taposta.&lt;br&gt;

||: Szent koronánk&lt;br&gt;
Óvd, vigyázd Hazán&lt;br&gt;k,
Hajnal csillag szép keresztünk,&lt;br&gt;
Ragyogj fel reánk. :||&lt;br&gt;

'''БЕР ҮК АЛЛА, БЕР ҮК МИЛЛӘТ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамалары:

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-egy-az-isten-egy-a-nemzet-828e0c8836a6210242e2c68e3cf01f7f

&lt;br&gt;
https://zvyki.com/song/23793729/K_rp_tia_-_Egy_az_isten_egy_a_nemzet/ 

Бер үк Алла, бер үк милләт,&lt;br&gt;
Бер шәфәгать, бер үк гыйльләт;&lt;br&gt;
Анда агач үсә күккә,&lt;br&gt;
Ә ташлар куелган чиккә.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта (2):'''''&lt;br&gt;
Ил гамендә – изге таҗыбыз;&lt;br&gt;
Таң йолдызы һәм гүзәл хач,&lt;br&gt;
Бергә балкыгыз!&lt;br&gt; 

Зәңгәр кыя, кара урман –&lt;br&gt;
Бер яңгырдан сугарылган,&lt;br&gt;
Яшен яшьнәп һәм күк күкрәп:&lt;br&gt;
“Бер үк Алла, бер үк милләт”.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта (2).'''''&lt;br&gt; 

'''''Речитатив:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Кан койды халкыбыз Бөек Маҗарстан дип,&lt;br&gt;
Ә хәзер кайгырта елга-тау тотам дип.&lt;br&gt;
Һәм кемсә бу илгә кабат нигез салыр –&lt;br&gt;
Алланың, маҗарның рәхмәтен казаныр. &lt;br&gt;
Дикъкатьләп сүземне күңелгә алыгыз&lt;br&gt;
Һәм салкын елгага кулларны салыгыз;&lt;br&gt;
Сиз(е)ләме елганың ярсулы агышы –&lt;br&gt;
Илемнең ул йөрәк тибеше, сагышы.&lt;br&gt;
Тыңлагыз ташларны, аңлагыз сүзләрен,&lt;br&gt;
Чит-ятның куллары җимерде үзләрен.&lt;br&gt;
Ташлар да, халык та тәкъдиргә тап булган:&lt;br&gt;
Үксезлек улларын кимсетеп таптаган.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта (4):'''''&lt;br&gt;
Ил гамендә – изге таҗыбыз;&lt;br&gt;
Таң йолдызы һәм гүзәл хач,&lt;br&gt;
Бергә балкыгыз!&lt;br&gt;

=== '''HA LÁTOK CSILLAGOT (Күрәм якты йолдызымны)''' ===
Ha látok csillagot ragyogni az égen&lt;br&gt;
Látom, amit láttak őseink is régen&lt;br&gt;
Látom az Alföldről hajnalpirkadatkor&lt;br&gt;
Eltűnnni fényüket a látóhatárról&lt;br&gt;

Látom, ha felnézek fenyőrengetegből&lt;br&gt;
Göncölszekér rúdját, Erdély szegletéből&lt;br&gt;
Apró gyertyalángként mutatják az utat&lt;br&gt;
S hazáig vezetik kóborló fiukat&lt;br&gt;

Látom a Tiszának s Murának vizében&lt;br&gt;
Tükröződni fényük vajdasági éjben&lt;br&gt;
Halászok hálóján gyöngysorként csillognak&lt;br&gt;
Mint akik az égről búsan aláhulltak&lt;br&gt;

Látom nagy hegyekről, oly, de oly közelről&lt;br&gt;
Kéznyújtásra vannak palócok földjéről&lt;br&gt;
Mint ezernyi mécses pislákoló fénye&lt;br&gt;
Kigyúl, majd elalszik, estéről estére&lt;br&gt;

Látom tündöklésük Kárpátok aljáról&lt;br&gt;
Ott tekintenek le sötét égboltjáról&lt;br&gt;
Hol szabad tűz mellett vadászok regélne&lt;br&gt;k
S míg egymást hallgatják, ők is fel-felnéznek&lt;br&gt;

Látom sugarukat megtörni a Rábán&lt;br&gt;
Rég kiszolgált malmok korbácsolta fodrán&lt;br&gt;
Őrségi házaknak kicsiny ablakán át&lt;br&gt;
Figyelik a csillag örök vándorlását&lt;br&gt;

'''КҮРӘМ ЯКТЫ ЙОЛДЫЗЫМНЫ'''&lt;br&gt;
Берничә илдә таралып яшәүче маҗарлар күңелендәге уртак күк җисеме турында “Карпатия” төркеменең җыры.&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамалары:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-ha-latok-csillagot-53ae43449852defad9d65fb49d53577c

https://zvyki.com/song/154544120/K_rp_tia_-_Ha_l_tok_csillagot/
 
Күрәм, йолдыз балкып тора аяз күктән,&lt;br&gt;
Аны шулай бабаларым да күзәткән.&lt;br&gt;
Моңсуланам, Альфөлдләрдә таң атканда,&lt;br&gt;
Сүнгән йолдызымны күздән югалтканда.&lt;br&gt;

Күрәм аны, йөрсәм Әрдей урманында,&lt;br&gt;
Зур Җидегән чүмеченең кыл янында:&lt;br&gt;
Елтыр уты шәмдәй миңа юл күрсәтә,&lt;br&gt;
Кайт илеңә, балам, диеп, ул юнәлтә.&lt;br&gt;

Күрәм, чаг(ы)ла Тиса, Мура суларында,&lt;br&gt;
Яктыра ул төнлә Вайда асманында,&lt;br&gt;
Балыкчылар ятьмәсендә энҗе-мәрҗән&lt;br&gt;
Ялтыр-йолтыр – йолдыз нуры җиргә иңгән.&lt;br&gt;

Күрәм якты йолдызымны мин якыннан –&lt;br&gt;
Кул сузып тот аны палоцлар тавыннан:&lt;br&gt;
Меңләгән ут җемелдәвендә күренә,&lt;br&gt;
Кичен балкый йолдыз, иртән ул сүрелә.&lt;br&gt;

Күрәм балкыганын Карпат итәгендә&lt;br&gt;
Йолдызымның караңгы төн күкрәгендә,&lt;br&gt;
Аучы халкы учак янында җыйнаулап&lt;br&gt;
Имеш-мимешләрен сөйли, аңа карап.&lt;br&gt;

Күрәм, балкышыннан Раба да нурлана,&lt;br&gt;
Тирмән чарыгыннан елга дулкынлана.&lt;br&gt;
Өршейг өйләренең тәрәзләре аша&lt;br&gt;
Хыял йолдыз сәяхәтенә тоташа.&lt;br&gt;

'''Альфөлд''' – Бөек маҗар тигезлегенең җирле исеме.

'''Мура''' – Австриядәге таулардан агып чыккан елга, Драваның сул кушылдыгы, бүгенге Маҗарстанның чик сызыгы шул елга буйлап аның тамагына кадәр.

'''Тиса''' – Дунайның сул яктагы һәм иң озын кушылдыгы, елганың урта өлеше Маҗарстан аша үтә.

'''Вайда''' – Сербиянең Воеводина мохтарияте, илнең 26 милләт вәкиле яшәүче иң зур төбәге, анда маҗарлар сан буенча, серблардан кала, икенче урында.

'''Палоцлар''' – Маҗарстанның төньягындагы милли төркем, бер өлеше Словакиядәге Татра тауларында яши. Русия тарихчылары палоцларны күптән маҗарлашкан кыпчаклар дип тә саный.

'''Раба''' – Дунай елгасының уң кушылдыгы.

'''Өршейг''' – Маҗарстанның көнбатышындагы милли парк, Раба елгасыннан көньяктарак урнашкан.

=== '''A HAZA MINDEN ELŐTT! (Барыннан өстен Ватан!)''' ===
“Kell, hogy történjenek olyan csodák, amiket tíz nemzedék megemlegessen. Példákat kell adni ennek a nemzetnek, amik a szíveket megerősíték. Hóhérpallost a futó rabszolgahadnak! Addig nem fog győzni a szabadság ügye, amíg a magyar nemzet saját áruló korcsivadékának hulláiból olyan hegyet nem rak,
Mint a Mátra, s a döghalom tetején az utolsó áruló apát a saját fia le nem nyakazza!”&lt;br&gt;
('''Jókai Mór''')

Háromszínű zászlóm kibontom,&lt;br&gt;
Vérem alatta bátran kiontom,&lt;br&gt;
Láncra vert rab hazám.&lt;br&gt;
Széttárom sebzett két karom,&lt;br&gt;
Életem egykönnyen nem adom,&lt;br&gt;
Törhetnek bárhonnan rám.&lt;br&gt;
Refrén:&lt;br&gt;
Ha elhagy is minden remény,&lt;br&gt;
Akkor sem változhat vízzé a vér.&lt;br&gt;
Legyek inkább üldözött,&lt;br&gt;
Mint áruló latrok között.&lt;br&gt;
A haza minden előtt!&lt;br&gt;

Vessen a sors bárhova,&lt;br&gt;
Nem koptat idő vasfoga,&lt;br&gt;
Dacolva megyek tovább.&lt;br&gt;
Szememben nincs félelem,&lt;br&gt;
Tudom, hogy kell leküzdenem,&lt;br&gt;
Hitem sziklaszilárd.&lt;br&gt;
Refrén.&lt;br&gt;

Háromszínű zászlóm kibontom,&lt;br&gt;
Vérem alatta bátran kiontom,&lt;br&gt;
Láncra vert rab hazám.&lt;br&gt;
Széttárom sebzett két karom,&lt;br&gt;
Életem egykönnyen nem adom,&lt;br&gt;
Törhetnek bárhonnan rám.&lt;br&gt;
Refrén.&lt;br&gt;
A haza minden előtt!&lt;br&gt;

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-a-haza-minden-elott-c37c28300f040a26bdaac42e6ae4d4fa

'''БАРЫННАН ӨСТЕН ВАТАН!'''&lt;br&gt;
“Ун буын искә алырлык могҗизалар булырга тиеш әле. Халкыбызга кеше йөрәкләрен ныгытырлык үрнәкләр бирергә кирәк. Качкын коллар гаскәренә баш чапкыч тумраннар бирергә! Азатлык эше җиңә алмаячак – маҗар халкы үз сатлыклары-мөртәтләре мәетләрен тау итеп өеп куйганчы һәм бу тау башында соңгы сатлык атаның башын аның улы чабып өзгәнче!”&lt;br&gt;
('''Йокаи Мор''')&lt;br&gt;

Җилфердә өч төс байрагым,&lt;br&gt;
Түг(е)лер сине яклап каным,&lt;br&gt;
Әй, богауланган Ватан.&lt;br&gt;
Җәеп яралы кулларны,&lt;br&gt;
Җиңел генә бирмәм җанны,&lt;br&gt;
Ниләр кылса да дошман.&lt;br&gt;
Кушымта:&lt;br&gt;
Чыкса да бар өмет юкка,&lt;br&gt;
Әйләнмәс кызыл кан төссез суга.&lt;br&gt;
Бул эзәрләп куылган,&lt;br&gt;
Ләкин булма сатлык җан.&lt;br&gt;
Барыннан өстен Ватан!&lt;br&gt;

Язмыш кайларга юнәлтмәс,&lt;br&gt;
Вакыт гамәлне югалтмас,&lt;br&gt;
Алга мин ыргыламын.&lt;br&gt;
Курку кермәс һич күзләргә,&lt;br&gt;
Беләм тиешем үтәргә,&lt;br&gt;
Таш кыядай иманым.&lt;br&gt;
Кушымта.&lt;br&gt;

Җилфердә өч төс байрагым,&lt;br&gt;
Түг(е)лер сине яклап каным,&lt;br&gt;
Әй, богауланган Ватан.&lt;br&gt;
Җәеп яралы кулларны,&lt;br&gt;
Җиңел генә бирмәм җанны,&lt;br&gt;
Ниләр кылса да дошман.&lt;br&gt;
Кушымта.&lt;br&gt;
Барыннан өстен Ватан!&lt;br&gt;

=== '''A BÁNAT KOVÁCSA''' '''(Сагыш тимерчесе)''' ===
||: Ha a bánat arany lenne,&lt;br&gt;
Gazdag ember lennék,&lt;br&gt;
Pénzzé tenném valamennyit,&lt;br&gt;
Árán mosolyt vennék.&lt;br&gt;
Ingyen adnám a magyarnak,&lt;br&gt;
Legyen boldog újra,&lt;br&gt;
Csak ne hulljon több magyar könny,&lt;br&gt;
Veszendőn a porba!&lt;br&gt;

De a bánat acél penge,'''&lt;br&gt;'''
Sorsom a kovácsa,&lt;br&gt;
Keserűség vas üllőjén,&lt;br&gt;
Fröccsen a szikrája!&lt;br&gt;
Ha tüzet gyújt ez a szikra,&lt;br&gt;
Lángba borít mindent,&lt;br&gt;
Égbenyúló szent máglyája,&lt;br&gt;
Szabadságot hirdet.&lt;br&gt;
Szabadságot hirdet! :||'''&lt;br&gt;

'''САГЫШ ТИМЕРЧЕСЕ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудиосы:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-a-banat-kovacsa-cf6e7d36d99cb71a97d45278bc4cd9ea

||: Сагыш, алтын булып, баю&lt;br&gt;
Итсә әгәр насыйп,&lt;br&gt;
Бар акчага бер елмаю&lt;br&gt;
Алыр идем сатып.&lt;br&gt;
Тигенгә биреп, маҗарга&lt;br&gt;
Бүләк итәм бәхет:&lt;br&gt;
Язмасын бүтән еларга,&lt;br&gt;
Югал, милли ләхет!&lt;br&gt;

Сагыш – корыч кылыч, әмма&lt;br&gt;
Тимерче – язмышым:&lt;br&gt;
Әрнүемнән чүкеч-сандал&lt;br&gt;
Очкыннар очырсын!&lt;br&gt;
Чаткылардан ут кабызсак,&lt;br&gt;
Ялкын күккә җитәр,&lt;br&gt;
Балкып торган изге учак&lt;br&gt;
Ирек насыйп итәр.&lt;br&gt;
Ирек насыйп итәр! :||&lt;br&gt;

=== '''BALLADA (Баллада)''' ===
Kettő madár száll az égen,&lt;br&gt;
Egyik nappal, másik éjjel,&lt;br&gt;
A lány fecske verőfényben,&lt;br&gt;
Fiú karvaly éjsötétben.&lt;br&gt;
Na-na-na-na-na-na-na-na&lt;br&gt;

Elátkozott két madárka,&lt;br&gt;
Egymást csak egy percig látja,&lt;br&gt;
Amint Hold a Napot váltja,&lt;br&gt;
Átváltozik Ő, s a párja.&lt;br&gt;
Na-na-na-na-na-na-na-na&lt;br&gt;

Fecske suhan szelek hátán,&lt;br&gt;
Aranygyűrű csillog lábán,&lt;br&gt;
Irigy varjak megtámadják,&lt;br&gt;
Szép gyűrűjét elragadják.&lt;br&gt;
Na-na-na-na-na-na-na-na&lt;br&gt;

Zuhan, szárnya eget szántja,&lt;br&gt;
Szalad kedvese utána,&lt;br&gt;
Egy-egy tollát elhullajtva,&lt;br&gt;
Párjának utat mutatja.&lt;br&gt;
Na-na-na-na-na-na-na-na&lt;br&gt;

A legény nyomát követi,&lt;br&gt;
Rába vizében megleli,&lt;br&gt;
Reszkető testét kiveszi,&lt;br&gt;
Fehér ingébe tekeri.&lt;br&gt;
Na-na-na-na-na-na-na-na&lt;br&gt;

Nap szárítja csapzott tollát,&lt;br&gt;
Nézi szíve választottját,&lt;br&gt;
Megesküszik földre-égre,&lt;br&gt;
Halálba is elmegy érte.&lt;br&gt;
Na-na-na-na-na-na-na-na&lt;br&gt;

Borostyánok és vadrózsák,&lt;br&gt;
Lassan testük körbefonják,&lt;br&gt;
A szerelmük mégsem halott,&lt;br&gt;
Tiszta lelkük szárnyra kapott.&lt;br&gt;
Na-na-na-na-na-na-na-na &lt;br&gt;

Az eszéki harang hangja,&lt;br&gt;
Azóta is azt kongatja,&lt;br&gt;
Egymásé lett két madárka,&lt;br&gt;
Nem fog rajtuk senki átka.&lt;br&gt;
Na-na-na-na-na-na-na-na&lt;br&gt;

'''БАЛЛАДА'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамасы:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-ballada-fd9e767bb2ac157a24ba25b4f94979fa

Ике гашыйк күккә менә,&lt;br&gt;
Берсе көндез, берсе төнлә:&lt;br&gt;
Кыз-карлыгач – ал таң атса,&lt;br&gt;
Егет-тилгән – шәфәкъ батса.&lt;br&gt;
На-на-на-на-на-на-на-на...&lt;br&gt;

Очрашалар ике кошчык&lt;br&gt;
Бер мизгелгә – гүя Сак-Сок&lt;br&gt;:
Ай Кояшны алмаштыргач,&lt;br&gt;
Күрми тилгәнне карлыгач.&lt;br&gt;
На-на-на-на-на-на-на-на...&lt;br&gt;

Сылу кош җил куенында,&lt;br&gt;
Алтын балдак аягында,&lt;br&gt;
Комсыз козгын һөҗүм итә&lt;br&gt;
Һәм алканы урлап китә.&lt;br&gt;
На-на-на-на-на-на-на-на...&lt;br&gt;

Гашыйк егет күрә ярын:&lt;br&gt;
Кыз, каерып канатларын,&lt;br&gt;
Оча, каурый җуя-җуя.&lt;br&gt;
Егет аңа иңен куя.&lt;br&gt;
На-на-на-на-на-на-на-на&lt;br&gt;

Сөйгәнен ул озата бара&lt;br&gt;
Раба* суларына таба,&lt;br&gt;
Тетрәүләгән тәнен күрә,&lt;br&gt;
Ак күлмәккә аны төрә.&lt;br&gt;
На-на-на-на-на-на-на-на&lt;br&gt;

Җил корыта каурыйларын.&lt;br&gt;
Егет, үбеп сөйгән ярын,&lt;br&gt;
Ант итә күккә һәм җиргә:&lt;br&gt;
“Ахирәттә дә без – бергә...”&lt;br&gt;
На-на-на-на-на-на-на-наа…&lt;br&gt;

“Мәхәббәтебез – үлемсез;&lt;br&gt;
Яшәү нигә миңа – синсез?”&lt;br&gt;
Гәрәбә, гөләп һәм әрем&lt;br&gt;
Сырып ала җәсәдләрен...&lt;br&gt;
На-на-на-на-на-на-на-на…&lt;br&gt;

…Шул заманнан Уэска чаңы**&lt;br&gt;
Һаман кага – тыңла аны:&lt;br&gt;
“Уртак кошлар язмышлары,&lt;br&gt;
Төшмәс һичкем каргышлары”.&lt;br&gt;
На-на-на-на-на-на-на-на…&lt;br&gt;

* '''Раба''' – Дунай елгасының уң кушылдыгы.&lt;br&gt;
** “'''Уэска чаңы'''” дип атала торган кыңгырау тәүге кат XII гасырга караган испан риваятендә телгә алына. Соңрак аны Европаның башка халыклары да үз иҗатында куллана башлаган.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''ABBÓL A FÁBÓL (Шул агачтан кисеп ал)''' ===
Abból a fából vágjátok az én keresztem,&lt;br&gt;
Amit akkor ültettek, amikor születtem,&lt;br&gt;
Abból a fából legyen majd az én koporsóm,&lt;br&gt;
Amelynek árnyéka alatt írták meg a sorsom.&lt;br&gt;

Gallyaiból rakjatok egy olyan nagy tüzet,&lt;br&gt;
Ami még egyszer táplálja kihűlő szívemet.&lt;br&gt;
Földbe’ nyugvó gyökeréből faragjatok pipát,&lt;br&gt;
Szabad lelkem az égbe szálljon mint a füstkarikák.&lt;br&gt;

Sudár ágai jók lesznek vaskaszák nyelének,&lt;br&gt;
Mely arat, de fegyver is a Magyar kezének,&lt;br&gt;
Fának apró forgácsát vessétek a szélnek,&lt;br&gt;
Viszik messze majd hírünket ahol földet érnek.&lt;br&gt;

Egy árva szűz rügyéből új élet sarjadjon,&lt;br&gt;
Ne hagyjátok soha, soha, hogy nemzetetek kihaljon,&lt;br&gt;
Legszebbik részéből végül bölcsőt készítsetek,&lt;br&gt;
Hogy szebb jövőről álmodjon minden magyar gyermek!&lt;br&gt;

'''ШУЛ АГАЧТАН КИСЕП АЛ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамалары:

https://new.zvuch.com/artists/karpatia-44072

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-abbol-a-fabol-612a9bc3b95f709aeb06d61cbb71eb27

https://zvyki.com/song/166579777/Kárpátia_-_Abból_a_fából/

Шул агачтан каберемә кисеп сал таҗны* –&lt;br&gt;
Мин туганда утыртканнар бит ул агачны.&lt;br&gt;
Шул агачтан уеп яса табутымны син –&lt;br&gt;
Аның астында кичердем язмышымны мин.&lt;br&gt;

Агач ботакларын кисеп, ут сал учакка –&lt;br&gt;
Соңгы тапкыр иңсен җылы сүнгән йөрәккә.&lt;br&gt;
Тамырыннан уеп алып, көпшә хәстәрлә,&lt;br&gt;
Азат җаным төтен сыман ашыр күкләргә.&lt;br&gt;

Агач кулай чалгы белән кылыч сабына –&lt;br&gt;
Эш һәм яу коралы керсен маҗар кулына.&lt;br&gt;
Вак йомычка итеп тура, тапшыр җилләргә –&lt;br&gt;
Ирештерсен даныбызны ерак илләргә.&lt;br&gt;

Яңа тормышны үстерер сафлык бөресе,&lt;br&gt;
Һичкайчан җуелмас җирдә милләт өлгесе.&lt;br&gt;
Иң күркәм тармакларыннан – бишек үрергә,&lt;br&gt;
Һәр маҗар баласы лаек якты килергә!&lt;br&gt;

* '''''Кисеп сал таҗны –''' маҗар телендәге текстта '''“ кисеп куй хачны”''' дип язылган.''&lt;br&gt;

=== '''JÓ LENNE! (Сизәсе иде!)''' ===
Jó lenne megfogni apám erős kezét,&lt;br&gt;
mégegyszer látni csak szigorú szemét,&lt;br&gt;
jó lenne hallgatni bölcs szavait,&lt;br&gt;
megfogadni mindent amit tanít.&lt;br&gt;

Jó lenne anyámnak ölelő karjában,&lt;br&gt;
őszinte gyermekként hinni a világban,&lt;br&gt;
Jó lenne érezni tiszta illatát,&lt;br&gt;
aggódó arcának lágy mosolyát.&lt;br&gt;

'''СИЗӘСЕ ИДЕ!'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамасы:

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-jo-lenne-fb9467510f49f12b80f5924702282225

&lt;br&gt;https://zvyki.com/song/89106103/K_rp_tia_-_J_lenne/

||: Көчле әти кулын кысасы иде,&lt;br&gt;
Катгый карашын да тоясы иде,&lt;br&gt;
Акыллы сүзләрен тыңлыйсы иде,&lt;br&gt;
Тормыш сабакларын аңлыйсы иде.&lt;br&gt;

Әнием куенына керәсе иде,&lt;br&gt;
Гамьле йөзе нурын күрәсе иде,&lt;br&gt;
Хуш исле битен бер үбәсе иде.&lt;br&gt;
Дөньяны сабый күк сизәсе иде! :||&lt;br&gt;

=== '''KALANDRA FEL (Маҗара-өн)''' ===
Nagy terveket szövögettek odafönt az égben&lt;br&gt;
Megteremtik a magyart valamikor régen&lt;br&gt;
Telik múlik az idő, és szépen éldegélnek&lt;br&gt;
Vadászgatnak a mezőn, keveset beszélnek&lt;br&gt;

Történt egyszer, hogy valaki egy nagyot kiáltott&lt;br&gt;
Nézünk kicsit nyugatra, mit csinálnak mások&lt;br&gt;
Így történhetett meg aztán, hogy egy nyári este&lt;br&gt;
Kopogtatott a magyar Európa szerte&lt;br&gt;

Ez volt a jel, (indulni kell)&lt;br&gt;
A dicsőséget mindenki magának éri el&lt;br&gt;
Repít a szél, (gyerünk testvér)&lt;br&gt;
Sötét az éj, (nem baj, ne félj)&lt;br&gt;
Napkelettől napnyugatig nincsen ellenfél&lt;br&gt;
Hej! Hej! Hej! Hej!&lt;br&gt;
Hej! Hej! Hej! Hej!&lt;br&gt;

Portyáznak a hegyek között, portyáznak a völgyben&lt;br&gt;
Begyűjtenek mindent amit találnak útközben&lt;br&gt;
St. Gallen-től, Modenáig arra kérik Istent&lt;br&gt;
A Magyarok nyilaitól ments meg Uram minket&lt;br&gt;

|||: Ez volt a jel, (indulni kell)&lt;br&gt;
A dicsőséget mindenki magának éri el&lt;br&gt;
Repít a szél, (gyerünk testvér)&lt;br&gt;
Sötét az éj, (nem baj, ne félj)&lt;br&gt;

Napkelettől napnyugatig nincsen ellenfél&lt;br&gt;
Hej! Hej! Hej! Hej!&lt;br&gt;
Hej! Hej! Hej! Hej! :|||&lt;br&gt;

'''МАҖАРА-ӨН'''&lt;br&gt;
Сылтамасы:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-kalandra-fel-e439a050f2c35d1cab1710f5e34cb91d

Бөек ният корып, безне иңдергәннәр күктән:&lt;br&gt;
Маҗарлар бар ителгәннәр бу дөньяда күптән.&lt;br&gt;
Вакыт уза барган, алар мул тормыш корганнар,&lt;br&gt;
Тын-гаугасыз кырда җәнлек, кош-корт аулаганнар.&lt;br&gt;

Берчак берәү таң калдырган, гавамга өн салып:&lt;br&gt;
“Карап карыйк, нишләп ята көнбаешта халык?!”&lt;br&gt;
Шулай кояш чыгышыннан бер өер яу кылган:&lt;br&gt;
Маҗар бөтен Европаның ишеген шакыган.&lt;br&gt;
Кушымта:&lt;br&gt;
Маҗара-өн: “Иярлә, мен!&lt;br&gt;
Әйдә, юлга! Алга, алга!&lt;br&gt;
Һәркем үзе эзләп таба данын-шөһрәтен!”&lt;br&gt;
Җилләр өрә: “Бергә, бергә!”&lt;br&gt;
Караңгы төн: “Курыкма гел!&lt;br&gt;
Иртә таңнан кичкә кадәр булмас көндәшең!”&lt;br&gt;
Һәй! Һәй! Һәй! Һәй!&lt;br&gt;
Һәй! Һәй! Һәй! Һәй!&lt;br&gt;

Яу кыласы таулар кичеп, үзәннәрне үтеп,&lt;br&gt;
Күзең нәрсә күрсә шуны ганимәт мал итеп.&lt;br&gt;
Санкт-Галлен да, Модена да ял(ы)нып дога кылган:&lt;br&gt;
“Йа Ходаем, коткар безне маҗар укларыннан!”&lt;br&gt;

|||: Маҗара-өн: “Иярлә, мен!&lt;br&gt;
Әйдә, юлга! Алга, алга!&lt;br&gt;
Һәркем үзе эзләп таба данын-шөһрәтен!”&lt;br&gt;
Җилләр өрә: “Бергә, бергә!”&lt;br&gt;
Караңгы төн: “Курыкма гел!&lt;br&gt;
Иртә таңнан кичкә кадәр булмас көндәшең!”&lt;br&gt;
Һәй! Һәй! Һәй! Һәй!&lt;br&gt;
Һәй! Һәй! Һәй! Һәй! :|||&lt;br&gt;

=== '''HINTALÓ (Таган-ат)''' ===
Alattam billeg a hintaló,&lt;br&gt;
Zsebemben csúzli, üveggolyó,&lt;br&gt;
Várakat húzok homokból,&lt;br&gt;
Megvédem minden gonosztól!&lt;br&gt;
Refrén (2):&lt;br&gt;
Kezemben kard, kard,&lt;br&gt;
Szívemben tűz,&lt;br&gt;
Ember bízz, és küzdve küzdj!&lt;br&gt;
Sodorjon szél,&lt;br&gt;
Mit bánom én,&lt;br&gt;
Aki hitvány mit sem ér!&lt;br&gt;
||||: Lá-lá-lá-lá-lá :||||&lt;br&gt;

Rossz iskolába kerültem,&lt;br&gt;
Puskák lapultak a zsebemben,&lt;br&gt;
Hittem, hogy minden szép és jó,&lt;br&gt;
De az élet ennél durvább tanító!&lt;br&gt;
Refrén.&lt;br&gt;

Dolgozom, a törvényt tisztelem,&lt;br&gt;
De zsebemben csúsztatva ott van bokszerem,&lt;br&gt;
Bár a dolgok jó oldalát kell nézni,&lt;br&gt;
Azért a rossz arcokra jobb felkészülni!&lt;br&gt;
Refrén.&lt;br&gt;
||||: Lá-lá-lá-lá-lá :||||&lt;br&gt;

Tisztességben megvénültem,&lt;br&gt;
De a csúzli és bokszer még mindig a zsebemben,&lt;br&gt;
Alattam, billeg a hintaszék,&lt;br&gt;
És ha újra kezdhetném, ugyanígy élnék!&lt;br&gt;
Refrén (2):&lt;br&gt;
Kezemben kard, kard,&lt;br&gt;
Szívemben tűz,&lt;br&gt;
Ember bízz, és küzdve küzdj!&lt;br&gt;
Sodorjon szél,&lt;br&gt;
Mit bánom én,&lt;br&gt;
Aki hitvány mit sem ér!&lt;br&gt;
||||: Lá-lá-lá-lá-lá :||||&lt;br&gt;

'''ТАГАН-АТ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудиосы:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-hintalo-c43b4fbd3cf41f981028fcb2d6faab2b

Таган-атта уйныйм идәндә,&lt;br&gt;
Пыяла шар, аткыч – кесәмдә.&lt;br&gt;
Кирмәннәрне комнан мин корам,&lt;br&gt;
Явызлардан сакта гел торам!&lt;br&gt;
Кушымта (2):&lt;br&gt;
Кылыч – кулда,&lt;br&gt;
Ялкын – җанда.&lt;br&gt;
Кеше, көрәш һәм ышан!&lt;br&gt;
Җил ал(ы)п китсен,&lt;br&gt;
Бетсен, бетсен –&lt;br&gt;
Вак җан бит ул дошман!&lt;br&gt;
||||: Ла-ла-ла-ла-ла :||||&lt;br&gt;

Укыдым начар мәдрәсәдә,&lt;br&gt;
Шпаргалкам булды кесәмдә.&lt;br&gt;
Бар да яхшы, дип йөрдем уйлап,&lt;br&gt;
Тормыш булды күпкә кырысрак!&lt;br&gt;
Кушымта (2).&lt;br&gt;

Кануннарны хөрмәт итсәм дә,&lt;br&gt;
Аткыч белән кастет әле һаман кесәмдә.&lt;br&gt;
Яхшылыкка багла өмет, тик бул сак,&lt;br&gt;
Явызларга әзер булып тор һәрчак!&lt;br&gt;
Кушымта (2).&lt;br&gt;
||||: Ла-ла-ла-ла-ла :||||&lt;br&gt;

Инде лә картаеп бетсәм дә,&lt;br&gt;
Аткыч белән кастет әле гелән кесәмдә,&lt;br&gt;
Ә таган-ат һаман идәндә;&lt;br&gt;
Шулай яшәрмен, үлеп кабат терелсәм дә!&lt;br&gt;
Кушымта (2):&lt;br&gt;
Кылыч – кулда,&lt;br&gt;
Ялкын – җанда.&lt;br&gt;
Кеше, көрәш һәм ышан!&lt;br&gt;
Җил ал(ы)п китсен,&lt;br&gt;
Бетсен, бетсен,&lt;br&gt;
Вак җан бит ул дошман!&lt;br&gt;
||||: Ла-ла-ла-ла-ла :||||&lt;br&gt;

=== '''EGY SZÖKÖTT HADIFOGOLY ÉNEKE (Качып кайтучы әсир җыры)''' ===
Havas fenyvesek mellett lépkedek,&lt;br&gt;
Lábam elfagyott, mindenem remeg,&lt;br&gt;
Ruhám rongyai tetvek otthona,&lt;br&gt;
Szőrös arcomon háborúk nyoma.&lt;br&gt;
Előttem folyók, mögöttem hegyek,&lt;br&gt;
Nyomomban veszett kutyák lihegnek,&lt;br&gt;
Sár levét iszom, fák kérgét eszem,&lt;br&gt;
A hideg holdsugár terít meg nekem.&lt;br&gt;
||: A magasban elszáll egy madár,&lt;br&gt;
Ő talán tudja, merre jár,&lt;br&gt;
De én, akit üldöz a keleti szél,&lt;br&gt;
Csak lába viszi, míg haza nem ér. :||&lt;br&gt;

Láttam őrjöngő, csonttörő halált,&lt;br&gt;
Vitt magával nőt és katonát,&lt;br&gt;
Bomló testüket jégvirág lepi,&lt;br&gt;
Kezük görcsösen egymást öleli.&lt;br&gt;
A domb túloldalán géppisztoly kaszál,&lt;br&gt;
Hangja szaggatott, gyilkos táncot jár,&lt;br&gt;
Földhöz lapulok, lassan kúszom,&lt;br&gt;
Egy kőhajításnyira már csak az otthon.&lt;br&gt;
||: A magasban elszáll egy madár,&lt;br&gt;
Ő talán tudja, merre jár,&lt;br&gt;
De én, akit üldöz a keleti szél,&lt;br&gt;
Csak lába viszi, míg haza nem ér. :||

'''КАЧЫП КАЙТУЧЫ ӘСИР ҖЫРЫ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамасы:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-egy-szokott-hadifogoly-eneke-e872c4f4fabb0d3d19e9326b485f5497

Барам кар баскан чыршылар аша,&lt;br&gt;
Аяклар туңа, тәнем тырмаша.&lt;br&gt;
Сәләмә кием – бетләр оясы,&lt;br&gt;
Сакаллы яңак – сугыш тамгасы.&lt;br&gt;
Артымда таулар, алда елгалар,&lt;br&gt;
Этләр эземне иснәп чабалар.&lt;br&gt;
Ризык – пычрак су, агач кайрысы,&lt;br&gt;
Юлны күрсәтә айның яктысы.&lt;br&gt;
||: Канатлы кошлар гизә асманны,&lt;br&gt;
Белеп торалар кая очканны.&lt;br&gt;
Ә мин буйсынам көнчыгыш җилгә,&lt;br&gt;
Атлар аяклар, кайтканчы өйгә. :||&lt;br&gt;

Күрдем үлемне – сөяк сындыра,&lt;br&gt;
Солдатларны ул өтә дә кыра,&lt;br&gt;
Мәетләр череп каткан, бәс каплый,&lt;br&gt;
Бер-берсен алар үлеп кочаклый.&lt;br&gt;
Таудан пулемёт ата да тетә,&lt;br&gt;
Үтергәнче ул сине биетә.&lt;br&gt;
Сыешып җиргә, шуышам алга,&lt;br&gt;
Туп-туры туган өемә таба.&lt;br&gt;
||: Канатлы кошлар гизә асманны,&lt;br&gt;
Белеп торалар кая очканны.&lt;br&gt;
Ә мин буйсынам көнчыгыш җилгә,&lt;br&gt;
Атлар аяклар, кайтканчы өйгә. :||&lt;br&gt;

=== '''MÁR NEM EMBER, MÉG NEM ÁLLAT (Хайван түгел, элек – кеше)''' ===
Már nem ember, még nem állat&lt;br&gt;
Ösztön hajtja, és a vágyak&lt;br&gt;
Nincsen múltja, nincs jövője&lt;br&gt;
Nem az Isten teremtménye&lt;br&gt;

Már nem ember, még nem állat&lt;br&gt;
Akárkinek nekitámad&lt;br&gt;
Harap jobbra, harap balra&lt;br&gt;
Saját magát is megmarja &lt;br&gt;

Nem ismer Istent, sem embert&lt;br&gt;
A soha meg nem keresztelt&lt;br&gt;
Üvölt ahogy kifér a torkán&lt;br&gt;
Szemében mindenki bárány &lt;br&gt;

Nem ismer Istent, sem embert&lt;br&gt;
A soha meg nem keresztelt&lt;br&gt;
Üvölt ahogy kifér a torkán&lt;br&gt;
Szemében mindenki bárány&lt;br&gt;

Már nem ember, még nem állat&lt;br&gt;
Nem épít magának házat&lt;br&gt;
Földön alszik, nincs barátja&lt;br&gt;
Sötét titkot őriz álma&lt;br&gt;

Már nem ember, még nem állat&lt;br&gt;
Elvesz mindent önmagának&lt;br&gt;
Tűz előtte, tűz mögötte&lt;br&gt;
Pusztul minden körülötte&lt;br&gt;

Nem ismer Istent, sem embert&lt;br&gt;
A soha meg nem keresztelt&lt;br&gt;
Üvölt ahogy kifér a torkán&lt;br&gt;
Szemében mindenki bárány.(4)&lt;br&gt;

'''ХАЙВАН ТҮГЕЛ, ЭЛЕК – КЕШЕ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамасы:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-mar-nem-ember-meg-nem-allat-7985d011195bd4f202fa6373f06cfa6c 

Хайван түгел, элек – кеше:&lt;br&gt;
Юк әвәс-теләк, тартымы&lt;br&gt;
Һәм кичәге-иртәгесе –&lt;br&gt;
Бу Хак Тәгалә затымы?&lt;br&gt;

Хайван түгел, элек – кеше:&lt;br&gt;
Һәрбарчага һөҗүм итә,&lt;br&gt;
Һәрнәрсәне умыра теше,&lt;br&gt;
Үзен тешләсәң дә – тетә.&lt;br&gt;

Алла, адәм – тик чүп кенә:&lt;br&gt;
Чукынмас ул, хачлар алып,&lt;br&gt;
Бугаз ертып улый-үкерә,&lt;br&gt;
Аның өчен һәркем – сарык.&lt;br&gt;

Кешелектән – ерткычлыкка:&lt;br&gt;
Барысын бүксәсенә тыга.&lt;br&gt;
Алды-арты аның утта,&lt;br&gt;
Дөньясы да юкка чыга.&lt;br&gt;

Алла, адәм – тик чүп кенә:&lt;br&gt;
Чукынмас ул, хачлар алып,&lt;br&gt;
Бугаз ертып улый-үкерә,&lt;br&gt;
Аның өчен һәркем – сарык.&lt;br&gt;

Хайван түгел, элек – кеше:&lt;br&gt;
Юк каралтысы, йортлары,&lt;br&gt;
Караңгыда – күргән төше,&lt;br&gt;
Юк туганы, юк дуслары.&lt;br&gt;

Кешелектән – ерткычлыкка:&lt;br&gt;
Барысын бүксәсенә тыга.&lt;br&gt;
Алды-арты аның утта,&lt;br&gt;
Дөньясы да юкка чыга.&lt;br&gt;

Алла, адәм – тик чүп кенә:&lt;br&gt;
Чукынмас ул, хачлар алып,&lt;br&gt;
Бугаз ертып улый-үкерә,&lt;br&gt;
Аның өчен һәркем – сарык.(4)&lt;br&gt;

=== '''VAJÁKOS (ИМ-ТОМЧЫ)''' ===
Betegség, vagy kórság gyötör?&lt;br&gt;
Ezerféle nyavalya tör?&lt;br&gt;
Mindegy, kinek mi a kínja&lt;br&gt;
Javasasszony meggyógyítja!&lt;br&gt;

A vajákos Kati néni&lt;br&gt;
Öreg üstjét kevergeti&lt;br&gt;
Ég a tűz, a főzet rotyog&lt;br&gt;
Ez is, az is belepotyog&lt;br&gt;

Galagonya vérnyomásra&lt;br&gt;
Szegfűszeg a fogfájásra&lt;br&gt;
Körömvirág a fekélyre&lt;br&gt;
Gyermekláncfű vesekőre&lt;br&gt;
Édeskömény kólikára&lt;br&gt;
Bodzabogyó szorulásra&lt;br&gt;
Aki magát így kúrálja&lt;br&gt;
Nem költ pénzt a patikára&lt;br&gt;

Ide tipeg, oda tipeg&lt;br&gt;
Ebből abból egy-két csipet&lt;br&gt;
Amit talál a kamrában&lt;br&gt;
Belekerül a mozsárba&lt;br&gt;

Vadgesztenye aranyérre&lt;br&gt;
Csalán levél kiütésre&lt;br&gt;
Körömvirág zúzódásra&lt;br&gt;
Macskagyökér fejfájásra&lt;br&gt;
Kamilla a viszketésre&lt;br&gt;
Cickafark a gyulladt bőrrе&lt;br&gt;
Aki magát ezzel keni&lt;br&gt;
Mindеn baját elfelejti&lt;br&gt;

Kötényzsebében rejteget&lt;br&gt;
Százhúsz éves recepteket&lt;br&gt;
Innen a sok tudománya&lt;br&gt;
Minek mi a gyógyhatása&lt;br&gt;

Kígyó zsírja a köszvényre&lt;br&gt;
Kőrisbogár veszettségre&lt;br&gt;
Disznózsír a mellhártyára&lt;br&gt;
Kilenc tetű sárgaságra&lt;br&gt;
Pióca a szélütésre&lt;br&gt;
Feketeszén hasmenésre&lt;br&gt;
Aki magát így kezeli&lt;br&gt;
A halál is elkerüli&lt;br&gt;

(Na még egyszer)&lt;br&gt;
Galagonya vérnyomásra&lt;br&gt;
Szegfűszeg a fogfájásra&lt;br&gt;
Körömvirág a fekélyre&lt;br&gt;
Gyermekláncfű vesekőre&lt;br&gt;
Édeskömény kólikára&lt;br&gt;
Bodzabogyó szorulásra&lt;br&gt;
Aki magát így kúrálja&lt;br&gt;
Nem költ pénzt a patikára&lt;br&gt;

(Van még, há-há)&lt;br&gt;
Vadgesztenye aranyérre&lt;br&gt;
Csalán levél kiütésre&lt;br&gt;
Körömvirág zúzódásra&lt;br&gt;
Macskagyökér fejfájásra&lt;br&gt;
Kamilla a viszketésre&lt;br&gt;
Cickafark a gyulladt bőrre&lt;br&gt;
Aki magát ezzel keni&lt;br&gt;
Minden baját elfelejti.&lt;br&gt;

'''ИМ-ТОМЧЫ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудиосы:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-vajakos-889b41a081c236c15d67ab0c8ffbfcae&lt;br&gt;

Авыру-чир интектерәме?&lt;br&gt;
Мең төр сырхау йөдәтәме?&lt;br&gt;
Күпме авыру җәфаласын –&lt;br&gt;
Им-томчы табар дәвасын!&lt;br&gt;

Убыр Кати белә санын,&lt;br&gt;
Кайната иске казанын,&lt;br&gt;
Төнәтмәсен гел болгата,&lt;br&gt;
Анысын-монысын шуңа ата:&lt;br&gt;

Дүләнә – кан басымыннан,&lt;br&gt;
Канәфер – теш сызлавыннан,&lt;br&gt;
Тырнак гөл – ялкынсынудан,&lt;br&gt;
Тузганак – бөер ташыннан,&lt;br&gt;
Шөет – эчәк авыртудан,&lt;br&gt;
Аю балан – эч катудан.&lt;br&gt;
Нәкъ шулай дәваланганга,&lt;br&gt;
Дару хакы кала янга.&lt;br&gt;

Бер чеметем – һәрберсеннән&lt;br&gt;
(Куәте арта әфсеннән!):&lt;br&gt;
Нәрсә табылса чоланда,&lt;br&gt;
Ур(ы)нын таба шул казанда.&lt;br&gt;

Кычыткан – кутыр-тимгелдән,&lt;br&gt;
Календула – күгәректән;&lt;br&gt;
Кәстәнә – күтәнең чыкса,&lt;br&gt;
Акчәчәк – тән кымырҗыса,&lt;br&gt;
Песи үлән – баш сызласа,&lt;br&gt;
Акбаш – тире ялкынсынса.&lt;br&gt;
Адәм эчеп-сөртеп торыр,&lt;br&gt;
Бар бәлаләр онытылыр.&lt;br&gt;

Күкрәк кесәсендә саклый&lt;br&gt;
Йөз еллык гыйлем-сабакны;&lt;br&gt;
Им-томнары шуннан бар да,&lt;br&gt;
Нәрсә ничек дәваларга.&lt;br&gt;

Елан ите – тоз утырса,&lt;br&gt;
Коңгызныкы – котырынса,&lt;br&gt;
Дуңгыз маен сүрүгә сөрт,&lt;br&gt;
Сары авырудан – тугыз бет,&lt;br&gt;
Инсультка дәва – сөлектә,&lt;br&gt;
Эч китүгә – күмерлектә.&lt;br&gt;
Кем болардан һич тартынмас –&lt;br&gt;
Үлем аңарга кагылмас.&lt;br&gt;

(Йә, тагын бер кат)&lt;br&gt;
Дүләнә – кан басымыннан,&lt;br&gt;
Канәфер – теш сызлавыннан,&lt;br&gt;
Тырнак гөл – ялкынсынудан,&lt;br&gt;
Тузганак – бөер ташыннан,&lt;br&gt;
Шөет – эчәк авыртудан,&lt;br&gt;
Аю балан – эч катудан.&lt;br&gt;
Нәкъ шулай дәваланганга,&lt;br&gt;
Дару хакы кала янга.&lt;br&gt;

(Эһем-эһем, кабаттан)&lt;br&gt;
Кычыткан – кутыр-тимгелдән,&lt;br&gt;
Календула – күгәректән;&lt;br&gt;
Кәстәнә – күтәнең чыкса,&lt;br&gt;
Акчәчәк – тән кымырҗыса,&lt;br&gt;
Песи үлән – баш сызласа,&lt;br&gt;
Акбаш – тире ялкынсынса.&lt;br&gt;
Адәм эчеп-сөртеп торыр,&lt;br&gt;
Бар бәлаләр онытылыр.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''HALLOTTAM NAGY HÍRÉT (Беләм бөек данын)''' ===
Mikoron a hegyek újra megremeknek,&lt;br&gt;
morajló hangjától a magyar seregnek&lt;br&gt;
||: Akkor lesz majd szép, akkor lesz majd jó,&lt;br&gt;
Ó-ó-ó-ó-ó-ó :||&lt;br&gt;
Hallottam nagy hírét pattogó tüzeknek&lt;br&gt;
Pusztákon száguldó vad harci méneknek&lt;br&gt;
Hallottam nagy hírét jurták tengerének&lt;br&gt;
Nyeregbe született szilaj gyermekének&lt;br&gt;
Hallottam nagy hírét pengő szablyáknak&lt;br&gt;
Lándzsát hajító jó acélos karjának&lt;br&gt;

Mikoron a hegyek újra megremeknek,&lt;br&gt;
morajló hangjától a magyar seregnek&lt;br&gt;
||: Akkor lesz majd szép, akkor lesz majd jó,&lt;br&gt;
Ó-ó-ó-ó-ó-ó :||&lt;br&gt;
Hallottam nagy hírét táltos doboknak&lt;br&gt;
Erőtől duzzadó, felajzott íjaknak&lt;br&gt;
Hallottam nagy hírét kalandozásoknak&lt;br&gt;
Bizáncnak, Rómának megsarcolásának&lt;br&gt;
Hallottam nagy hírét fényes győzelmének&lt;br&gt;
Pozsonynál elhulló rút ellenségének&lt;br&gt;

Mikoron a hegyek újra megremeknek,&lt;br&gt;
morajló hangjától a magyar seregnek&lt;br&gt;
||: Akkor lesz majd szép, akkor lesz majd jó,&lt;br&gt;
Ó-ó-ó-ó-ó-ó :||&lt;br&gt;
Mikoron a hegyek újra megremeknek,&lt;br&gt;
morajló hangjától a magyar seregnek&lt;br&gt;
||: Akkor lesz majd szép, akkor lesz majd jó,&lt;br&gt;
Ó-ó-ó-ó-ó-ó :||&lt;br&gt;

'''БЕЛӘМ БӨЕК ДАНЫН'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудиосы: &lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-hallottam-nagy-hiret-243f828bbdf2397dcc23f740611918ee

Яңадан тетрәнсә үзәне һәм тавы,&lt;br&gt;
Яңгыратса җирне яугир маҗар шавы,&lt;br&gt;
||: Булыр иде шәп,&lt;br&gt;
бик шәп бер үрнәк.&lt;br&gt;
Ә-ә-ә-ә-ә-әй! :||&lt;br&gt;
Беләм бөек данын янган учакларның,&lt;br&gt;
Дала буйлап яуга җилдерткән атларның;&lt;br&gt;
Беләм бөек данын күчмә тирмәләрнең,&lt;br&gt;
Иярләрдә туган кыргый бәбәйләрнең;&lt;br&gt;
Беләм бөек данын чыңлы кылычларның,&lt;br&gt;
Сөңге аткан көчле, корычтай кулларның.&lt;br&gt;

Яңадан тетрәнсә үзәне һәм тавы,&lt;br&gt;
Яңгыратса җирне яугир маҗар шавы,&lt;br&gt;
||: Булыр иде шәп,&lt;br&gt;
бик шәп бер үрнәк.&lt;br&gt;
Ә-ә-ә-ә-ә-әй! :||&lt;br&gt;
Беләм бөек данын шаман шөлдеренең,&lt;br&gt;
Атуга тартылган уклар керешенең;&lt;br&gt;
Беләм бөек данын яу чапкан бабаның,&lt;br&gt;
Византия-Румны ничек талаганын,&lt;br&gt;
Беләм бөек данын, җиңү яулаганын,&lt;br&gt;
Пожонь* кирмәнендә дошманны кырганын.&lt;br&gt;

Яңадан тетрәнсә үзәне һәм тавы,&lt;br&gt;
Яңгыратса җирне яугир маҗар шавы,&lt;br&gt;
||: Булыр иде шәп,&lt;br&gt;
бик шәп бер үрнәк.&lt;br&gt;
Ә-ә-ә-ә-ә-әй! :||&lt;br&gt;

* Пожонь – бүген Словакия башкаласы булган һәм Дунай елгасының сул ягында урнашкан Братислава шәһәренең маҗарча исеме. Маҗар тарихының зур өлеше шушы, элек Прессбург дип аталган күпмилләтле шәһәр белән бәйләнгән. Маҗарлар аны 907 елның 4 июлендә, Байар Иле (Бавария) кыйраллыгы гаскәрен тар-мар итеп, яулап алганнар. 1536-1784 елларда ул Маҗарстанның башкаласы булган, бу чорда маҗар кыйраллары нәкъ шунда таҗ киеп тәхеткә утыра торган булганнар. Маҗарлар Габсбург империясендә яу чукмарлары булып яшәгән чорда милләтара ызгыш-талашлар да еш булган. 1919 елда, Австрия-Маҗарстан мәмләкәте таркалгач, шәһәрне чех легионерлары басып алган. Шуннан соң Пожонь Чехословакия дәүләте карамагына эләккән, аның исемен Братислава дип үзгәрткәннәр.

=== '''TURUL (Турул)''' ===
Hordozzák a véres kardot,&lt;br&gt;
Apáink vére hullott,&lt;br&gt;
A múltunk újra megkísért!&lt;br&gt;
Ki most szívét máshol hordja,&lt;br&gt;
Árulók szekértolója,&lt;br&gt;
Rút testét a kutyáknak vessék!&lt;br&gt;
'''''Refrén:'''''&lt;br&gt;
||: Jöjj, jöjj, Turulmadár,&lt;br&gt;
Magyarország rossz úton jár!&lt;br&gt;
Édes Turulmadár,&lt;br&gt;
Téged Hazád visszavár! :||&lt;br&gt;

Ősi földünk, hozzád szólunk,&lt;br&gt;
Gyönyörű Magyarországunk,&lt;br&gt;
Ébredj, pusztákon vágtató vad szél!&lt;br&gt;
Medrükből a folyók kilépnek,&lt;br&gt;
Utat tör újra az élet,&lt;br&gt;
Felnyög a Föld, s nyílik az Ég!&lt;br&gt;
'''''Refrén:'''''&lt;br&gt;
||: Jöjj, jöjj, Turulmadár,&lt;br&gt;
Magyarország rossz úton jár!&lt;br&gt;
Édes Turulmadár,&lt;br&gt;
Téged Hazád visszavár! :||&lt;br&gt;

'''''Előadói beszéd:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Őrvény fonta arany haját,&lt;br&gt;
Hegyek ránca zord homlokát!&lt;br&gt;
Mohos kő az öregapja,&lt;br&gt;
Minden ősét elsiratja!&lt;br&gt;
Két tűz szeme lángolása,&lt;br&gt;
Vihart kavar szárnycsapása!&lt;br&gt;
Csillagos ég lepedője,&lt;br&gt;
Legszebb lány a szeretője!&lt;br&gt;
Égzengése komor hangja,&lt;br&gt;
Holdsarlója éles karma!&lt;br&gt;
Lába nyomán forrás fakad,&lt;br&gt;
Előle a szél is szalad!&lt;br&gt;
'''''Refrén:'''''&lt;br&gt;
||: Jöjj, jöjj, Turulmadár,&lt;br&gt;
Magyarország rossz úton jár!&lt;br&gt;
Édes Turulmadár,&lt;br&gt;
Téged Hazád visszavár! :||&lt;br&gt;

'''ТУРУЛ'''&lt;br&gt;
Турул – маҗар мифологиясендә маҗарларга үз Ватанын табарга ярдәм иткән дип тасвирлана торган кош. 2004 елда бу халыкның борынгы Рум мәмләкәтендәге Паннония төбәгенә килеп урнашуына 1100 ел тулды. Бу җыр шул вакытта, риваяти кошка Маҗарстанның Татабанья шәһәрендә һәйкәл куелгач, иҗат ителгән иде. Һәйкәлнең биеклеге 15 метр, ул Европада милли җанварларга яки кошларга багышланган иң зур истәлек дип санала.&lt;br&gt;
Борынгы риваятьләрнең милли тормышта ныгыту һәм берләштерү коралы булуын онытырга ярамый.&lt;br&gt;

Аудио сылтамалары:

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-turul-9c5b1a4be202019472d005e2755b3e0f

https://web.ligaudio.ru/mp3/karpatia

(Turul аудиосына керергә)

&lt;br&gt;https://zvyki.com/song/176298239/K_rp_tia_-_Turul/

Кылыч ник ал төскә канган? –&lt;br&gt;
Ата-баба каны тамган,&lt;br&gt;
Эзәрли хәзер дә шул үткән!&lt;br&gt;
Йөрәген күкрәктән куган –&lt;br&gt;
Сатлык йомышчысы булган:&lt;br&gt;
Җәсәден аның ташла эткә!&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта:'''''&lt;br&gt;
||: Талпын, оч, Турул кош,&lt;br&gt;
Маҗарстан юлдан язмасын!&lt;br&gt;
Халкың, әй, Турул кош,&lt;br&gt;
Кодрәтең онытмасын! :||&lt;br&gt;

Баба җире, Ватаныбыз –&lt;br&gt;
Бу гүзәл Маҗарстаныбыз!&lt;br&gt;
Сызгырып үт, җил, даладан,&lt;br&gt;
Елга, ашып ак ярлардан!&lt;br&gt;
Тормыш үзенә юл салыр,&lt;br&gt;
Күк ачылыр, Җир сыкраныр!&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта:'''''&lt;br&gt;
||: Талпын, оч, Турул кош,&lt;br&gt;
Маҗарстан юлдан язмасын!&lt;br&gt;
Халкың, әй, Турул кош,&lt;br&gt;
Кодрәтең онытмасын! :||&lt;br&gt;

'''''Речитатив:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Өермә үргән алтын чәчен,&lt;br&gt;
Баш очында – тау түбәсе!&lt;br&gt;
Мүкле таш – аның бабасы,&lt;br&gt;
Борынгыны – сагынасы!&lt;br&gt;
Ике күзе очкын чәчә,&lt;br&gt;
Канат кагып, давыл дәшә!&lt;br&gt;
Йолдызлы күк – туган ягы,&lt;br&gt;
Иң гүзәл кыз – сөйгән яры!&lt;br&gt;
Күк күкрәү – тав(ы)шы шаңдавы,&lt;br&gt;
Ай-урак – очлы тырнагы!&lt;br&gt;
Басса – чишмә ургып чыга,&lt;br&gt;
Аласа – алдан җил чаба!&lt;br&gt;

'''''Кушымта:'''''&lt;br&gt;
||: Талпын, оч, Турул кош,&lt;br&gt;
Маҗарстан юлдан язмасын!&lt;br&gt;
Халкың, әй, Турул кош,&lt;br&gt;
Кодрәтең онытмасын! :||&lt;br&gt;

=== '''KÖLTÖZŐ MADÁR (Сәйяр кошым)''' ===
Az, aki megy, elköszön,&lt;br&gt;
Marad utána néhány könny.&lt;br&gt;
Ami ma fáj, holnapután,&lt;br&gt;
A múlt csupán.&lt;br&gt;
Mert jön, az az egy, aki helyett,&lt;br&gt;
Senki más már nem jöhet.&lt;br&gt;
S, csak az az egy, aki szeret,&lt;br&gt;
Marad veled.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Refrén:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Ágrólszakadt költöző madár,&lt;br&gt;
Egyik fészekről másikra jár.&lt;br&gt;
Egy földre szállt angyal, ha rád talál,&lt;br&gt;
Szíve szép kalitkájába zár.&lt;br&gt;

Hol az a nyár, hol az a tél,&lt;br&gt;
Mennyit adtál az álmokért.&lt;br&gt;
De az a perc, hogy nem kellesz,&lt;br&gt;
Nem ereszt.&lt;br&gt;
Hát ilyen a sors, van, hogy kifoszt,&lt;br&gt;
Aztán megint új lapot oszt.&lt;br&gt;
És majd lesz, akihez,&lt;br&gt;
Te is jó lehetsz.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Refrén:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Ágrólszakadt költöző madár,&lt;br&gt;
Egyik fészekről másikra jár.&lt;br&gt;
Egy földre szállt angyal, ha rád talál,&lt;br&gt;
Szíve szép kalitkájába zár.&lt;br&gt;
'''''(Solo)'''''&lt;br&gt;

Az, aki megy, elköszön,&lt;br&gt;
Marad utána néhány könny.&lt;br&gt;
Ami ma fáj, holnapután,&lt;br&gt;
A múlt csupán.&lt;br&gt;
Mert jön, az az egy, aki helyett,&lt;br&gt;
Senki más már nem jöhet.&lt;br&gt;
S, csak az az egy, aki szeret,&lt;br&gt;
Marad veled.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Refrén:'''''&lt;br&gt;
||: Ágrólszakadt költöző madár,&lt;br&gt;
Egyik fészekről másikra jár.&lt;br&gt;
Egy földre szállt angyal, ha rád talál,&lt;br&gt;
Szíve szép kalitkájába zár. :||&lt;br&gt;

'''СӘЙЯР КОШЫМ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамалары:

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-koltozo-madar-e98faffe2e4738d0ee2ca0f465e4045f&lt;br&gt;

https://zvyki.com/song/154544111/K_rp_tia_-_K_lt_z_mad_r/

Мәңгегә дип хушлашканнан&lt;br&gt;
Күз яшьләре инде тамган.&lt;br&gt;
Булыр бүген авырттырган –&lt;br&gt;
Үткән заман.&lt;br&gt;
Һичкем алыштыра алмас&lt;br&gt;
Бердәнберең килми калмас,&lt;br&gt;
Булыр сөйгән шул бер генәң&lt;br&gt;
Синең белән.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Сәйяр кошым канатын кага,&lt;br&gt;
Очып китә башка ояга.&lt;br&gt;
Мәләк, иңеп күктән күң(е)леңә,&lt;br&gt;
Урын бирер йөрәк түрендә.&lt;br&gt;

Ничәмә җәй, ничәмә кыш&lt;br&gt;
Йөртте сине хыял-сагыш.&lt;br&gt;
Әйе, кирәк тапмасалар,&lt;br&gt;
Йөрәк сызлар…&lt;br&gt;
Язмыш сыный ул, телгәли,&lt;br&gt;
Яңа бәхет тә бирәм, ди.&lt;br&gt;
Килер кемдер, сине сөяр,&lt;br&gt;
Җаным! дияр.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Сәйяр кошым канатын кага,&lt;br&gt;
Очып китә башка ояга.&lt;br&gt;
Мәләк, иңеп күктән күң(е)леңә,&lt;br&gt;
Урын бирер йөрәк түрендә.&lt;br&gt;
'''''(Аккомп.)'''''&lt;br&gt;

Мәңгегә дип хушлашканнан&lt;br&gt;
Күз яшьләре инде тамган.&lt;br&gt;
Булыр бүген авырттырган –&lt;br&gt;
Үткән заман.&lt;br&gt;
Һичкем алыштыра алмас&lt;br&gt;
Бердәнберең килми калмас,&lt;br&gt;
Булыр сөйгән шул бер генәң&lt;br&gt;
Синең белән.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта:'''''&lt;br&gt;
||: Сәйяр кошым канатын кага,&lt;br&gt;
Очып китә башка ояга.&lt;br&gt;
Мәләк, иңеп синең күңелеңә,&lt;br&gt;
Урын бирер йөрәк түрендә. :||&lt;br&gt;

=== '''SOK A HORGÁSZ, KEVÉS A HAL (Балыкчы күп, балык бик аз)''' ===
Állok a stégen a szúnyogok csípnek,&lt;br&gt;
A halak meg lentről nagyokat néznek,&lt;br&gt;
Ki ez a pofa ilyen hosszú bottal,&lt;br&gt;
Meg egy krómozott nyelű sörnyitóval?&lt;br&gt;
Héé! Csak az a baj, sok a horgász kevés a hal!&lt;br&gt;
Héé! Csak az a baj, sok a horgász kevés a hal!&lt;br&gt;

Csónakba szállunk és űzöm a halat,&lt;br&gt;
Hátha valami a horgomra akad.&lt;br&gt;
A nap már az égen magasan jár,&lt;br&gt;
Látod semmi sem biztos, csak a halál.&lt;br&gt;
Héé! Csak az a baj, sok a horgász kevés a hal!&lt;br&gt;
Héé! Csak az a baj, sok a horgász kevés a hal!&lt;br&gt;

Izzad a tenyerem, száraz a torkom,&lt;br&gt;
Az utolsó megmaradt sörömet bontom.&lt;br&gt;
Tágas a nádas, szökik a hal,&lt;br&gt;
Itt van a vége, jön a vihar.&lt;br&gt;
Héé! Csak az a baj, sok a horgász kevés a hal!&lt;br&gt;

'''БАЛЫКЧЫ КҮП, БАЛЫК БИК АЗ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамасы: &lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-sok-a-horgasz-keves-a-hal-75a71cce339fbef72ed4b8a1d2b7d3aa

Бастым мин басмага, черки тешли, талый,&lt;br&gt;
Балык судан миңа чекерәеп карый.&lt;br&gt;
Кем ул иңбашына озын кармак аскан,&lt;br&gt;
Сыра тулы шешә һәм ачкычын тоткан?&lt;br&gt;
||: Әй! Тотып булмас:&lt;br&gt;
Балыкчы күп,&lt;br&gt;
Балык бик аз! :||&lt;br&gt;

Салдым кармагымны, утырып каекка, &lt;br&gt;
Эләксәнә! дигән әфсенем – балыкка. &lt;br&gt;
Кояш күтәрелә күкләр гөмбәзенә, &lt;br&gt;
Өлгер бу дөньяда бары үлем генә... &lt;br&gt;
||: Әй! Тотып булмас:&lt;br&gt;
Балыкчы күп,&lt;br&gt;
Балык бик аз! :||&lt;br&gt;

Тирли уч, бармаклар, кибекте тамагым,&lt;br&gt;
Ә шешәдә сыра – нибары бер кабым.&lt;br&gt;
Яшенле болытлар асман йөзен басты,&lt;br&gt;
Балыклар камышның төбенә үк качты.&lt;br&gt;
||||||: Әй! Тотып булмас:&lt;br&gt;
Балыкчы күп,&lt;br&gt;
Балык бик аз! :||||||&lt;br&gt;

=== '''BÁNYÁSZ HIMNUSZ (Шахтёрлар гимны)''' ===

БЕЗНЕҢ БОРЫНГЫ “ШАХТА” КӨЕН БАШКА ХАЛЫКЛАР НИЧЕГРӘК ҖЫРЛЫЙ ИКӘН? 

Менә ничек:

Szerencse fel! Szerencse fel!&lt;br&gt;
Ilyen a bányász élete.&lt;br&gt;
Váratlan vész rohanja meg,&lt;br&gt;
Mint bérctetőt a fergeteg.&lt;br&gt;
Nem kincs után sóvárgok én,&lt;br&gt;
Bányász kislányt óhajtok én.&lt;br&gt;
Bányász kislányt óhajt szívem,&lt;br&gt;
Ki szívében bányász legyen.&lt;br&gt;
És hogyha majd a föld ölében végóránkat éljük,&lt;br&gt;
Isten kezében életünk,&lt;br&gt;
Ő megsegít reméljük!&lt;br&gt;
S te kisleány, ne bánkódjál,&lt;br&gt;
Bányásznak halni szép halál,&lt;br&gt;
Egekbe szállani fel, fel!&lt;br&gt;
Szerencse fel!&lt;br&gt;
Szerencse fel!&lt;br&gt;
Szerencse fel!&lt;br&gt;

Чынбарлыкта биредәге Bányász himnusz – “Бәхетле бул” исемле алман халык көе, алман шахтачылары җыры (сылтамасы:&lt;br&gt;
https://music.yandex.ru/artist/9369974 – Glück auf! Das Steigerlied).

Маҗарстан шахтачылары аны, текстын үзгәртеп-кыскартып һәм эчтәлеген “җиңеләйтеп”, үзләренчә җырлыйлар. Австрия чигендә урнашкан Чолнок шәһәренең катнаш маҗар-алман халык хоры җырны дәүләт телендә дә башкара:
https://music.yandex.ru/album/11012386/track/67160514

Бәхетле бул! Бәхетле бул!&lt;br&gt;
Шахтёр язмышы шундый ул:&lt;br&gt;
Бәла көтмәгәндә килә,&lt;br&gt;
Гүя тауга давыл иңә.&lt;br&gt;
Көмеш-алтын кирәк түгел,&lt;br&gt;
Шахтёр кызда – минем күңел,&lt;br&gt;
Шул гүзәлкәй – җан ялкыным,&lt;br&gt;
Булсын ул шахтёр хатыным.&lt;br&gt;
Һәммәбез җир кочагында –&lt;br&gt;
Торабыз Күкләр алдында;&lt;br&gt;
Хак Тәгалә хөкем кылыр,&lt;br&gt;
Инанам, ярлыкау булыр!&lt;br&gt;
Шахтёр җаны ул – хөрмәтле,&lt;br&gt;
Күктә дә булыр нигъмәтле!&lt;br&gt;
Кайгырма, дус, өметле бул,&lt;br&gt;
Бәхетле бул!&lt;br&gt;
Бәхетле бул!&lt;br&gt;
Бәхетле бул!&lt;br&gt;

=== '''CSENDES A DON (Тын Дон)''' ===
Álmos a táj, nem muzsikál&lt;br&gt;
Mint, amikor egy szív, ha megáll&lt;br&gt;
Búsul a vén őszi levél&lt;br&gt;
Vissza talán már sose tér&lt;br&gt;

De még mielőtt a földbe teszik&lt;br&gt;
Mesélj milyen volt, mondd el nekik&lt;br&gt;
Hogy csendes a Don egy halk sírhalom&lt;br&gt;
És fázik a jéghideg földben a csont&lt;br&gt;
De mind hazavágy, mint a madár&lt;br&gt;
Várja őket az otthoni táj&lt;br&gt;

Hallgat a tábor, nincs csatazaj&lt;br&gt;
Sírnak az ágak, néma a dal.&lt;br&gt;

'''ТЫН ДОН'''&lt;br&gt;
Дон елгасы исеменең бик борынгы заманнарда ук төрки-кыпчаклардан алынганлыгын, ә “Тын Дон” сүзләренең безнең телләрдә “майлы май” гына булуын аңлатып та торырга кирәкмидер. Ә нигә соң биредә бу сабыр холыклы елга турында бүгенге маҗарлар шулай сагышланып-моңаеп җырлый? Югыйсә, аларның бабалары, “Ватан эзли-эзли” көнбатышка таба барганда, бу җирләр аша бер мең ярым ел элек үк үткәннәр бит. Юк шул, әле 83 ел элек кенә маҗарлар, һитлерчыларга ияреп, 1943 елның үтә дә салкын кышында Сталинград янындагы канкойгыч сугышларда катнашканнар. Бик күбесе шунда һәм Идел буенда тар-мар ителгәннән соң Донга таба чигенгәндә йә башын салган, йә суыкта туңып үлгән. Җыр текстында бу хакта бер генә сүз дә юк. Ләкин барысы да... ветераннарга гына түгел, яшь замандашларга да аңлашыла.

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-csendes-a-don-5a8cf8bf3b30666fa4dbcb6e505e3ea6

||: Йоклый гына ул, моңланмый,&lt;br&gt;
Сүнгән йөрәк тавышланмый.&lt;br&gt;
Сары яфрак барысын белә:&lt;br&gt;
Кайтмас җан дустың иленә...&lt;br&gt;

Сөйлә, җиргә күмелгәнче,&lt;br&gt;
Кем соң булган ул үлгәнче...&lt;br&gt;
Донда тып-тын тик курганнар&lt;br&gt;
Һәм җирдә ятып калганнар.&lt;br&gt;
Кошлар кебек, җан талпына,&lt;br&gt;
Кайтам диеп Ватаныма. :||&lt;br&gt;

Бәр(е)леш беткән, табыр тынган,&lt;br&gt;
Елый агач, җыр он(ы)тылган...&lt;br&gt;

=== '''HÓPEHELY (Кар бөртеге)''' ===
Egyetlen hópehelyben is&lt;br&gt;
látom a fehér Hargitát,&lt;br&gt;
Egy hópehely elég ahhoz,&lt;br&gt;
hogy érezd száz év bánatát,&lt;br&gt;
Egyetlen hópehely,&lt;br&gt;
A széllel útra kel,&lt;br&gt;
S kezemben boldogan olvad el.&lt;br&gt;

Egyetlen esőcseppben is&lt;br&gt;
érzem a folyók illatát,&lt;br&gt;
Egy esőcseppben benne van,&lt;br&gt;
a viharvert Kárpát-hazánk,&lt;br&gt;
Egyetlen esőcsepp,&lt;br&gt;
Új életet teremt,&lt;br&gt;
S a föld beissza a könnyeket.&lt;br&gt;

Egyetlen homokszemben is,&lt;br&gt;
látom a hatalmas sziklát,&lt;br&gt;
Egy homokszem dúdolja el&lt;br&gt;
a legendás idők dalát,&lt;br&gt;
Egyetlen homokszem,&lt;br&gt;
Egész történelem,&lt;br&gt;
Hallgatom ahogy a múlt üzen.&lt;br&gt;

||: Szikrázó hópelyhek,&lt;br&gt;
Csillogó vízcseppek,&lt;br&gt;
Gördülő apró homokszemek. :||&lt;br&gt;

'''КАР БӨРТЕГЕ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамасы:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-hopehely-73364e9f128fb373916c4a77564a8e2b

Күрәм бер кар бөртегендә&lt;br&gt;
Һаргитаның* чал тауларын,&lt;br&gt;
Бер кар бөртеге туплаган&lt;br&gt;
узган гасыр сагышларын.&lt;br&gt;
Шул бер бөртек карны&lt;br&gt;
Җил озата юлга –&lt;br&gt;
Бер тамчы су тама кулга.&lt;br&gt;

Тоям бер кар бөртегендә&lt;br&gt;
хуш исләрен үз елгамның,&lt;br&gt;
Бер тамчы яңгырда – Карпат,&lt;br&gt;
давыл йөдәткән ватаным.&lt;br&gt;
Бер тамчы яңгырдан&lt;br&gt;
Яңа тормыш иңә,&lt;br&gt;
Күз яшьләре җиргә сеңә.&lt;br&gt;

Күрәм бер кар бөртегендә&lt;br&gt;
күккә ашкан ил тауларын,&lt;br&gt;
Бер кар бөртеге дә көйли&lt;br&gt;
бөек чорларның җырларын.&lt;br&gt;
Бер кар бөртегеннән&lt;br&gt;
Аңгара аласың&lt;br&gt;
Үткән заман юлламасын.&lt;br&gt;

||: Су тамчысы тама,&lt;br&gt;
Ябалак кар ява,&lt;br&gt;
Бөртекләре кулны яга... :||&lt;br&gt;

* Һаргита – Румыйния карамагындагы маҗар телле Әрдей мохтариятенең бер өязе (румыйнча атамасы – жудец, маҗарчасы – һәдьә).&lt;br&gt;

=== '''ÉDES KISFIAM (Нәни татлым)''' ===
Itt vagy velem, mint egy új remény&lt;br&gt;
Az éjszakát felváltja a fény&lt;br&gt;
Csak egy perce élsz, nézlek boldogan&lt;br&gt;
Úgy vártam rád, édes kisfiam.&lt;br&gt;

A régi vágy újra szárnyra kél&lt;br&gt;
Míg dalt susog kinn az esti szél&lt;br&gt;
Minden bánatom eltűnt nyomtalan&lt;br&gt;
Mosolyogj rám, édes kisfiam.&lt;br&gt;

Egy rózsakert hinti árnyait&lt;br&gt;
Nincs fontosabb, mint az álmaid&lt;br&gt;
Még egy szót se tudsz, mégis annyian&lt;br&gt;
Hisznek neked, édes kisfiam.&lt;br&gt; 

'''''Recitativ:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Tudom, mindenütt így van ez a nagyvilágon. Ha egy kisgyerek megszületik, mert a kisgyerek egyszer felnő s talán sikerül neki, hogy a könnyeket nevetéssé a gyűlöletet szeretetté, az ellenségeket barátokká változtassa.&lt;br&gt;

Ezt érzem én, ahogy nézek rád&lt;br&gt;
Más lesz a föld, más lesz a világ.&lt;br&gt;
Sírnod sose kell, élsz majd gondtalan&lt;br&gt;
Boldog leszel, édes kisfiam.&lt;br&gt;

'''НӘНИ ТАТЛЫМ'''&lt;br&gt;
'''''(маҗар бишек җыры,  сылтамада -- берничә аудио бергә, Жужа Чәрһати һәм Дора Синәтар җырлавы матур)'''''&lt;br&gt;
Аудиолар сылтамасы:&lt;br&gt;
https://web.ligaudio.ru/mp3/édes%20kisfiam 

Балам минем – яңа өметем,&lt;br&gt;
Син бәләкәй, ә мин бәхетле,&lt;br&gt;
Төнгә алмашка килгән нур-яктым,&lt;br&gt;
Көтеп алган, әй, нәни татлым.&lt;br&gt;

Кичке җилләр талгын искәндә,&lt;br&gt;
Изге теләкләрем – бәбкәмә.&lt;br&gt;
Эзсез югалсын бу сагышларым, –&lt;br&gt;
Елмай әле, әй, нәни татлым.&lt;br&gt;

Гөлбакчага төшкән күләгә,&lt;br&gt;
Хыялларым – сиңа күрәзә,&lt;br&gt;
Игелекле бул, минем акыллым,&lt;br&gt;
Ышанычым, әй, нәни татлым.&lt;br&gt;

'''''Речитатив:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Беләм, бөтен дөньяда да шулай була ул, нәни бала тугач. Чөнки бала бер тапкыр гына үсә, һәм ул үсеп җитеп уңышка ирешкәч, күз яшьләрен – шатлыкка, нәфрәтне – мәхәббәткә, дошманнарны дуска әйләндерер. 

Текәлгәннәр сиңа күзләрем,&lt;br&gt;
Күрәм, дөнья әле үзгәрер.&lt;br&gt;
Күз яше кибәр, булмас һич кайгың,&lt;br&gt;
Сәгадәтлем, әй, нәни татлым.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''ÉGI KIRÁLY (Күк Патшасы)''' ===
Az idő már későre jár,&lt;br&gt;
a madár is fészkére száll,&lt;br&gt;
csak a Szent Szűz jár hiába,&lt;br&gt;
Betlehemnek városába.&lt;br&gt;
||: Legalább ti jó emberek&lt;br&gt;
fogadjátok a kisdedet.&lt;br&gt;
Házatokra boldogság száll,&lt;br&gt;
ha betér az Égi Király. :||&lt;br&gt;
Égi Király…&lt;br&gt;

Ne sírj tovább Szűz Mária,&lt;br&gt;
ne menjetek már sehova,&lt;br&gt;
szállásunkat mi megosztjuk,&lt;br&gt;
kis Jézuskát béfogadjuk.&lt;br&gt;
Legalább ti jó emberek&lt;br&gt;
fogadjátok a kisdedet.&lt;br&gt;
Házatokra boldogság száll,&lt;br&gt;
ha betér az Égi Király.&lt;br&gt;
Égi Király…&lt;br&gt;
Égi Király…&lt;br&gt;
Égi Király…&lt;br&gt;

|||: Legalább ti jó emberek&lt;br&gt;
fogadjátok a kisdedet.&lt;br&gt;
Házatokra boldogság száll,&lt;br&gt;
ha betér az Égi Király. :||| &lt;br&gt;

'''КҮК ПАТШАСЫ'''&lt;br&gt;
Бу дини җыр Раштуа бәйрәме йолаларын үтәгәндә төрлечә җырлана. Биредә Маҗарстанның халык җырчысы '''Нори Ковач''' башкаруындагы җырдан тәрҗемә.&lt;br&gt;

Аудио сылтамасы ('''Égi Király''' җыры -- №7):&lt;br&gt;
https://music.yandex.ru/album/25374216/track/112662916

1. Кояш иңде тау артына,&lt;br&gt;
Сайрар кошлар – оясында,&lt;br&gt;
Йөри Мәрьям Ана гына&lt;br&gt;
Бәйтәл-Ләхәм каласында.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта (2):'''''&lt;br&gt;
Ихлас күңелле кешеләр&lt;br&gt;
Изгеләргә ярдәм кылса,&lt;br&gt;
Тормышка да бәхет иңәр,&lt;br&gt;
Күк Патшасы ярлыкаса.&lt;br&gt;
Күк Патшасы...  &lt;br&gt;

2. Мәрьям Ана, син елама,&lt;br&gt;
Сыену эзләп, ятка барма.&lt;br&gt;
Урын бездә киң сиңа да,&lt;br&gt;
Бәләкәчең Гайсага да.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта.'''''&lt;br&gt;
Күк Патшасы...&lt;br&gt;
Күк Патшасы...&lt;br&gt;
Күк Патшасы...&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта (3).'''''&lt;br&gt;

=== '''SZERELEM, SZERELEM... (Мәхәббәт, мәхәббәт...)''' ===
Piros pántlikamát fújdogálja a szél,&lt;br&gt;
köszönöm galambom, hogy eddig szerettél.&lt;br&gt;
Arról sem tehetek, ha már megvetettél,&lt;br&gt;
nálamnál szebbeket, s jobbakat kerestél.&lt;br&gt;
||:Szerelem szerelem átkozott szerelem,&lt;br&gt;
Mér nem termettél meg minden falevelen.:|| &lt;br&gt;

A piros rózsának elhajlik az ága,&lt;br&gt;
én is elhajlottam egy hűtlen szavára.&lt;br&gt;
Mit ér a rózsafa piros bimbó nélkül?&lt;br&gt;
Mit ér a szerelem igaz hűség nélkül?&lt;br&gt;
||:Szerelem szerelem átkozott szerelem,&lt;br&gt;
Mér nem termettél meg minden falevelen.:|&lt;br&gt; 

'''МӘХӘББӘТ, МӘХӘББӘТ...'''&lt;br&gt;
'''''(Нори Ковач репертуарыннан, маҗар халык җыры; аудиода Норига кушылып аның бабасы Йожеф Ковач (1936-2023) җырлый)'''''&lt;br&gt;

Аудио сылтамасы:&lt;br&gt;
https://vk.com/audio-2001636777_59636777 

Минем кызыл тасмам җилферди җилләрдә,&lt;br&gt;
Рәхмәт, күгәрченем, моңарчы сөйгәнгә.&lt;br&gt;
Мине ташлап, аңлыйм, һич тә кимсетмисең,&lt;br&gt;
Миннән яхшыракны син бары эзлисең.&lt;br&gt;
||:''' Мәхәббәт, мәхәббәт... аяусыз хисләре,&lt;br&gt;
'''Һәр ботакта үсми сөю җимешләре.''' ''':||&lt;br&gt;

Гөлчәчәкнең кызыл ботагы иелә,&lt;br&gt;
Мин шулай баш идем ​​хыянәт сүзенә.&lt;br&gt;
Тугрылыксыз сөю... бармы соң мәгънәсе?&lt;br&gt;
Яфраксыз гөлчәчәк – ничек ул яшәсен?..&lt;br&gt;
||:''' Мәхәббәт, мәхәббәт... каһәрле хисләре,&lt;br&gt;
'''Һәр ботакта үсми сөю җимешләре.''' ''':||&lt;br&gt;

=== '''ÉN AZ ÉJJEL NEM ALUDTAM EGY ÓRÁT (Бүген төне буе йоклый алмадым)''' ===
Én az éjjel nem aludtam egy órát,&lt;br&gt;
Hallgattam a régi babám panaszát.&lt;br&gt;
Éjfél után sejehaj,&lt;br&gt;
kezdtem elszenderedni,&lt;br&gt;
Jaj de bajos ki egymást nem szereti.&lt;br&gt;

Úgy meguntam ezt a legényt szeretni,&lt;br&gt;
De mégjobban a gyűrűjét viselni.&lt;br&gt;
Csütörtökön sejehaj,&lt;br&gt;
megmondom az anyának:&lt;br&gt;
Köszönöm a jóságát a fiának.&lt;br&gt;

De szeretnék az erdőben fa lenni.&lt;br&gt;
Ha engem meg meggyújtana valaki,&lt;br&gt;
Elégetném sejehaj&lt;br&gt;
ezt a cudar világot,&lt;br&gt;
Ne szeresse senki az én babámat.&lt;br&gt;

Széles a víz, keskeny a híd felette.&lt;br&gt;
Rólad babám minden gondom levettem.&lt;br&gt;
Úgy levettem sejehaj,&lt;br&gt;
Hogy még eszembe se juss,&lt;br&gt;
Jóságodér fizessen meg a﻿ Jézus.&lt;br&gt;
Úgy levettem sejehaj,&lt;br&gt;
Hogy még eszembe se juss,&lt;br&gt;
Jóságodér fizessen meg a﻿ Jézus.&lt;br&gt; 

'''БҮГЕН ТӨНЕ БУЕ ЙОКЛЫЙ АЛМАДЫМ'''&lt;br&gt;
'''''(Маҗар эстрада җырчылары репертуарыннан)'''''&lt;br&gt;

Аудио сылтамалары:

https://web.ligaudio.ru/mp3/én%20az%20éjjel%20nem%20aludtam%20egy%20órát

(Holdviola, Magonc Együttes яки Sebestyén Márta башкаруындагы файлларны ачарга)

&lt;br&gt;https://zvyki.com/song/73543067/Holdviola_-_n_Az_jjel_Nem_Aludtam_Egy_r_t/

Бүген төне буе йоклый алмадым,&lt;br&gt;
Карт баламның үпкә-зарын тыңладым.&lt;br&gt;
Төн уртасы, мин әле&lt;br&gt;
Китә алмыйм йокыга…&lt;br&gt;
Әй, яратып булмый ыгы-зыгыда…&lt;br&gt;

Яшь картлачның “сөю”еннән мин туйдым&lt;br&gt;
Һәм балдагын кию мәгънәсен җуйдым...&lt;br&gt;
Атна кич соң кат рәхмәт&lt;br&gt;
Әйтермен анасына,&lt;br&gt;
Гашыйк бит ул үзе карт баласына...&lt;br&gt;

Үсәр идем урманда агач булып...&lt;br&gt;
Ут төртсәләр һәм китсәм шунда янып,&lt;br&gt;
Дөрләтер идем ялган,&lt;br&gt;
Мәкер тулы дөньяны,&lt;br&gt;
Назламас өчен бу картлач баланы...&lt;br&gt;

Киң судагы тар басма аша үттем.&lt;br&gt;
Бу “сабый”ның “гыйшык” йомгагын сүттем...&lt;br&gt;
Һәм баш тарттым Гайсәне&lt;br&gt;
Аңлый алмаганнардан,&lt;br&gt;
Игелеген танымый торганнардан...&lt;br&gt;  

=== '''ÖRÖKSÉGEM (Мирасым)''' ===
Anyám ajkáról minden szó,&lt;br&gt;
Úgy száll, mint könnyű pillangó.&lt;br&gt;
Apám hangja menydörgő ég,&lt;br&gt;
Őszintén, keményen beszélt.&lt;br&gt;
Ha éjjel ébren álmodom,&lt;br&gt;
A csendben őket hallgatom.&lt;br&gt;
Hallom, hogy suttogják nekem,&lt;br&gt;
Légy büszke magyar, gyermekem.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Refrén:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Apám szíve zúgó harang,&lt;br&gt;
Anyám lelke fehér galamb,&lt;br&gt;
Amit kaptam, viszem tovább,&lt;br&gt;
Örökségem a szabadság. &lt;br&gt;

Anyám keze az irgalom,&lt;br&gt;
Tíz ujja tíz virágszirom.&lt;br&gt;
Apám ökle az igazság,&lt;br&gt;
Ütötte mások asztalát.&lt;br&gt;
Érintésük arcomon,&lt;br&gt;
A halálomig hordozom.&lt;br&gt;
Ha egyszer fegyvert markolok,&lt;br&gt;
Az ő kezükkel harcolok.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Refrén.'''''&lt;br&gt;

Anyám szeme kék tiszta tó,&lt;br&gt;
Tükrében minden látható.&lt;br&gt;
Apám komor tekintete,&lt;br&gt;
Mély ráncok sűrű erdeje.&lt;br&gt;
A sötét háztetők felett,&lt;br&gt;
Ezernyi csillag lépeget.&lt;br&gt;
Nézem az elfolyó időt,&lt;br&gt;
A múltat görgető jövőt.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Refrén.'''''&lt;br&gt;

'''МИРАСЫМ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамасы:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-oroksegem-c20308b1c07c9a0bd1421357717b027c

Әнкәемнең һәрбер сүзе –&lt;br&gt;
Очар күбәләк ул үзе,&lt;br&gt;
Әткәй тавышының чаңы –&lt;br&gt;
Катгый күк күкрәү вөҗданы.&lt;br&gt;
Уяу хыялый һәр төнем&lt;br&gt;
Уза тыңлап күкләр өнен;&lt;br&gt;
Өндәп дәшә бакый җаннар:&lt;br&gt;
“Балакай, бул горур маҗар”.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Әткәй йөрәге – рухы шаны,&lt;br&gt;
Ак күгәрчен – әнкәй җаны.&lt;br&gt;
Изге, кадерләп йөртерлек&lt;br&gt;
Мирас алдым: ирек, хөрлек.&lt;br&gt;

Әткәй йодрыгы – ихласлап&lt;br&gt;
Торыр чит-ят әрдән саклап;&lt;br&gt;
Әнкәй куллары – аклыкта,&lt;br&gt;
Ун аерча – ун бармакта:&lt;br&gt;
Йөзем сыйпап салган эзләр&lt;br&gt;
Гомер буе мине бизәр.&lt;br&gt;
Әткәй коралын алырмын&lt;br&gt;
Һәм дүрт куллап яу кылырмын.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта.'''''&lt;br&gt;

Әнкәй күзе – саф сулы күл:&lt;br&gt;
Дөнья чаг(ы)ла – кара һәм күр.&lt;br&gt;
Кырыс әткәй карашлары,&lt;br&gt;
Ерганаклы бит сырлары.&lt;br&gt;
...Өй өстендә, бик биектә –&lt;br&gt;
Мең-мең йолдыз йөзә күктә.&lt;br&gt;
Күзаллыйм узган гомерне:&lt;br&gt;
Үткән этәрә килерне.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта''''' (2).&lt;br&gt;  

=== '''EGY NAP AZ ÉLET (Тормыш ул – бер көн)''' ===
Csak egy nap az élet fiúk,&lt;br&gt;
Csak egy nap és nincsen tovább!&lt;br&gt;
De azért a napért megszületni,&lt;br&gt;
Érdemes volt cimborák. &lt;br&gt;

Még csontunkon mozdul a hús,&lt;br&gt;
De vérünket issza már a föld,&lt;br&gt;
És látni a távoli fényt,&lt;br&gt;
Ahogy elfedi lágyan a köd.&lt;br&gt;

Ha dob helyett harsona szól,&lt;br&gt;
És nyitják a menny kapuját,&lt;br&gt;
Ott menetel seregünk,&lt;br&gt;
A csillagösvényen tovább.&lt;br&gt;

Nem számít honnan jöttél,&lt;br&gt;
Csak az számít, hogy merre mész,&lt;br&gt;
És a zászlód, mit magasra tart,&lt;br&gt;
Egy ökölbe szorított kéz.&lt;br&gt;

Csak egy nap az élet fiúk,&lt;br&gt;
Csak egy nap és nincsen tovább!&lt;br&gt;
De azért a napért megszületni,&lt;br&gt;
Érdemes volt cimborák.&lt;br&gt;

Ezer meg ezer év edzett apát és fiát,&lt;br&gt;
Elfogadni ha kell, a hősies halált.&lt;br&gt;
Ezer meg ezer év tanított anyát és leányt,&lt;br&gt;
Szívében viselni, fekete gyászruhát.&lt;br&gt;

'''ТОРМЫШ УЛ – БЕР КӨН'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамасы:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-egy-nap-az-elet-f15319dabce5b5b7cc2a9aa3d708feba

Бер генә көн кебек тормыш,&lt;br&gt;
Һәм юк, дуслар, юллар артка.&lt;br&gt;
Кабул итик, бу бит язмыш –&lt;br&gt;
Бирелмәгән һич тә юкка!&lt;br&gt;

Бәдән әле – гел сөяктә,&lt;br&gt;
Туфрак инде суыра канны.&lt;br&gt;
Бер яктылык ачыла күктә,&lt;br&gt;
Төсмерләре тик томанлы.&lt;br&gt;

Тамтам тынып, сур яңгырар,&lt;br&gt;
Ачылып китәр күк капусы,&lt;br&gt;
Безнең гаскәр юлга чыгар –&lt;br&gt;
Йолдызлы юл булыр бусы!&lt;br&gt;

Игътибарсыз үз сукмагың,&lt;br&gt;
Мөһим бергә барган юлың,&lt;br&gt;
Югарыдагы байрагың –&lt;br&gt;
Йодрыклатып тоткан кулың.&lt;br&gt; 

Бер генә көн кебек тормыш,&lt;br&gt;
Һәм юк, дуслар, юллар артка.&lt;br&gt;
Кабул итик, бу бит язмыш –&lt;br&gt;
Бирелмәгән һич тә юкка!&lt;br&gt;

'''Мең еллар ата-улларны өйрәттеләр,'''&lt;br&gt;
'''Кирәксә, керергә үлем элмәгенә.'''&lt;br&gt;
'''Мең еллар ана-кызларны яшәттеләр,'''&lt;br&gt;
'''Йөрәкләрен төреп матәм күлмәгенә…'''&lt;br&gt;

=== '''VENDÉGSÉG (Кунакчыллык)''' ===
Üdvözöllek magyarhonban, messziről jött idegen,&lt;br&gt;
Hogyha jó szándék vezérel, pihenj annyit, amit kell,&lt;br&gt;
De ha földünkre fáj fogad, vagy csak asszonyt vinnél el,&lt;br&gt;
||: Fordulj sarkon, s gyorsan kotródj innen Isten hírével. :||&lt;br&gt;

Ne szomjazzon más nép fia a mi javaink után,&lt;br&gt;
Mi sem kérünk semmit abból, ami nem nekünk dukál,&lt;br&gt;
Nem keressük mi a bajt, de el sem futunk előle,&lt;br&gt;
||: Aki fogát feni ránk, az pórul jár egy-kettőre. :||&lt;br&gt;

Szívesen látunk mi bárkit, ha utána hazamegy,&lt;br&gt;
Nem időzik a kamrában, hogy a zsebét tömje meg.&lt;br&gt;
Mert a világ ezen felén csak az él meg száz évet,&lt;br&gt;
||: Aki tiszteletben tartja mifelénk az illemet. :||&lt;br&gt;

Üdvözöllek magyarhonban, messziről jött idegen,&lt;br&gt;
Hogyha jó szándék vezérel, pihenj annyit, amit kell,&lt;br&gt;
De ha földünkre fáj fogad, vagy csak asszonyt vinnél el,&lt;br&gt;
||: Fordulj sarkon, s gyorsan kotródj innen Isten hírével. :||&lt;br&gt;

'''КУНАКЧЫЛЛЫК'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудиосы:&lt;br&gt;
https://zvyki.com/song/89106040/K_rp_tia_-_Vend_gs_g/

Хуш киләсең Маҗарстанга, ерактан якын юлчы,&lt;br&gt;
Ниятләрең изге булса, утыр, ял ит туйганчы.&lt;br&gt;
Ымсынсаң безнең җирләргә яисә берәр кызга,&lt;br&gt;
||: Борыл да тиз элдерт моннан, Ходай сиңа юл сызган. :||&lt;br&gt;

Күз атмасын чит-ят халык уллары безнең малга,&lt;br&gt;
Кызыкмыйбыз үзебез дә безнеке булмаганга.&lt;br&gt;
Күңелсезлек эзләмибез, курыкмыйбыз яманнан,&lt;br&gt;
||: Кемсә безгә теш кайраса, бик үкенер соңыннан. :||&lt;br&gt;

Кунак булгач, тиеш юлчы кабат өйгә кайтырга,&lt;br&gt;
Казынмасын сандыкларда – кесә калынайтырга.&lt;br&gt;
Дөньяның бу төбәгендә йөз еллап яшәр бары&lt;br&gt;
||: Хөрмәт иткән маҗарларга кадерле йолаларны. :||&lt;br&gt;

Хуш киләсең Маҗарстанга, ерактан якын юлчы,&lt;br&gt;
Ниятләрең изге булса, утыр, ял ит туйганчы.&lt;br&gt;
Ымсынсаң безнең җирләргә яисә берәр кызга,&lt;br&gt;
||: Борыл да тиз элдерт моннан, Ходай сиңа юл сызган. :||&lt;br&gt;

=== '''AZ ÉN HITEM (Моны мин әйтәм)''' ===
Hogy sokasodjon szép nemzetem,&lt;br&gt;
Elmondom, hogy mit tegyen.&lt;br&gt;
Az Úr segít, hogy így legyen! Így legyen!&lt;br&gt;
||: Magyar leány be az ágyba,&lt;br&gt;
Magyar legény a karjába.&lt;br&gt;
Ez az én hitem! :||&lt;br&gt;
Ez az én hitem!&lt;br&gt;

Hogy okosodjon szép nemzetem,&lt;br&gt;
Elmondom, hogy mit tegyen.&lt;br&gt;
Az Úr segít, hogy így legyen! Így legyen!&lt;br&gt;
Magyar tanárt katedrára,&lt;br&gt;
A tudomány oltárára.&lt;br&gt;
Ez az én hitem!&lt;br&gt;
Ez az én hitem!&lt;br&gt;

Hogy gyarapodjon szép nemzetem,&lt;br&gt;
Elmondom, hogy mit tegyen.&lt;br&gt;
Az Úr segít, hogy így legyen! Így legyen!&lt;br&gt;
Magyar szántson magyar földön,&lt;br&gt;
Magyar vízzel ő öntözzön.&lt;br&gt;
Ez az én hitem!&lt;br&gt;
Ez az én hitem!&lt;br&gt;

Hogy boldog legyen szép nemzetem,&lt;br&gt;
Elmondom, hogy mit tegyen.&lt;br&gt;
Az Úr segít, hogy így legyen! Így legyen!&lt;br&gt;
Bölcsőnknél anyánk daloljon,&lt;br&gt;
Apánk víg nótája szóljon.&lt;br&gt;
Ez az én hitem!&lt;br&gt;
Ez az én hitem!&lt;br&gt;

Ha meghalok majd, szép nemzetem,&lt;br&gt;
Elmondom, hogy mit tegyen.&lt;br&gt;
Az Úr segít, hogy így legyen! Így legyen!&lt;br&gt;
Temessetek magyar földön,&lt;br&gt;
Belőlem új élet nőjön.&lt;br&gt;
Ez az én hitem!&lt;br&gt;
Ez az én hitem!&lt;br&gt;

Magyar vagyok, szabad vagyok,&lt;br&gt;
Magyar földön itthon vagyok!&lt;br&gt;
Ez az én hitem!&lt;br&gt;
Ez az én hitem!&lt;br&gt;

'''МОНЫ МИН ӘЙТӘМ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудиосы:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-az-en-hitem-2b57f3427a766a9076bf731957d9db0d

Халкым саны артсын дисәм,&lt;br&gt;
Нишләргә кирәкне беләм,&lt;br&gt;
Тәңрем, Үзең “Булсын!” диеп, хуп күрсәң!&lt;br&gt;
||: Маҗар туташы – ятакта,&lt;br&gt;
Маҗар егете – кочакта.&lt;br&gt;
Моны мин әйтәм! :||&lt;br&gt;
Моны мин әйтәм!&lt;br&gt;

Аң-белемле булыйк дисәм,&lt;br&gt;
Нишләргә кирәкне беләм,&lt;br&gt;
Тәңрем, Үзең “Булсын!” диеп, хуп күрсәң!&lt;br&gt;
||: Галимнәрне – остазлыкка,&lt;br&gt;
Шәкертләрне – абызлыкка.&lt;br&gt;
Моны мин әйтәм! :||&lt;br&gt;
Моны мин әйтәм!&lt;br&gt;

Мул тормышта яшик дисәм,&lt;br&gt;
Нишләргә кирәкне беләм,&lt;br&gt;
Тәңрем, Үзең “Булсын!” диеп, хуп күрсәң!&lt;br&gt;
||: Маҗар җирен маҗар сөрсен,&lt;br&gt;
Сугарсын, иген үстерсен.&lt;br&gt;
Моны мин әйтәм! :||&lt;br&gt;
Моны мин әйтәм!&lt;br&gt;

Сәгадәтле булыйк дисәм,&lt;br&gt;
Нишләргә кирәкне беләм,&lt;br&gt;
Тәңрем, Үзең “Булсын!” диеп, хуп күрсәң!&lt;br&gt;
||: Ана бишекне тибрәтсен,&lt;br&gt;
Ата угланын өйрәтсен.&lt;br&gt;
Моны мин әйтәм! :||&lt;br&gt;
Моны мин әйтәм!&lt;br&gt;

Гүзәл халкым, үлеп китсәм,&lt;br&gt;
Нишләргә кирәкне беләм,&lt;br&gt;
Тәңрем, Үзең “Булсын!” диеп, хуп күрсәң!&lt;br&gt;
||: Җәсәд – үз җиремдә ятсын,&lt;br&gt;
Өстә – хәят чәчәк атсын.&lt;br&gt;
Моны мин әйтәм! :||&lt;br&gt;
Моны мин әйтәм!&lt;br&gt;

||: Маҗармын һәм иреклемен,&lt;br&gt;
Маҗар җирендә үз өем!&lt;br&gt;
Моны мин әйтәм! :||&lt;br&gt;
Моны мин әйтәм!&lt;br&gt;

=== '''HUNOK UNOKÁJA (Һуннар оныклары)''' ===
Szabad Magyar vagyok, élek ahogy élek,&lt;br&gt;
Én csak az Úr Isten előtt hajtok térdet.&lt;br&gt;
Ő adta hazánkul ezt a darab földet&lt;br&gt;
Ránk bízva a fákkal suttogó hegyeket.&lt;br&gt;

Nemzedékek sora vérveríték árán&lt;br&gt;
Kardal és kaszával ott állt kint a vártán&lt;br&gt;
Ma sem törhetnek meg közülünk egyet sem&lt;br&gt;
Szerencse kísérjen, bátorság vezessen!&lt;br&gt;
||||: Bátorság vezessen! :||||&lt;br&gt;

Vad vihar torkában, zúgó jeges árban,&lt;br&gt;
Sziklaként állunk mi szép Magyarországban.&lt;br&gt;
S míg a csillagösvény ragyog fejünk fölött,&lt;br&gt;
Körmünk szakadtáig védünk minden rögöt.&lt;br&gt;

Üzenjük a világ mind a négy sarkába,&lt;br&gt;
Hogy a büszke magyar, hunok unokája!&lt;br&gt;
Üzenjük a világ ezer szegletébe,&lt;br&gt;
Voltunk, vagyunk, s leszünk! Él Attila népe!&lt;br&gt;
||||: Él Attila népe! :||||&lt;br&gt;

'''ҺУННАР ОНЫКЛАРЫ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамасы:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-hunok-unokaja-341e6826a34d3cb22a59da562522387d 
+ “слушать” тамгасы

Мин азат маҗармын, беләм яшәү тәмен,&lt;br&gt;
Бер Алла каршында бары тез чүгәмен:&lt;br&gt;
Ул бу җир кисәген Ватан итеп биргән,&lt;br&gt;
Тауларны иңдереп, урманга җан өргән.&lt;br&gt;

Ватаным! дип, халкым кан койган, тир түккән,&lt;br&gt;
Чалгы, кылыч тотып, илне имин иткән.&lt;br&gt;
Һичкем югалтмаган җан һәм тән куәсен,&lt;br&gt;
Уңыш юлдаш булсын, батырлык әйдәсен!&lt;br&gt;
||||: Батырлык әйдәсен! :||||&lt;br&gt;

Гарасат ав(ы)зында үк(е)реп боз яуганда,&lt;br&gt;
Таш кыя күк бастык гүзәл Маҗарстанда.&lt;br&gt;
Йолдызлы юл балкып тора ил күгендә,&lt;br&gt;
Саклап тотыйк җирнең һәрбер кисәген дә.&lt;br&gt;

Белеп торсын фани дөнья тарафлары:&lt;br&gt;
Без горур маҗарлар – һуннар оныклары!&lt;br&gt;
Бар дөньяга хәбәр бирсен меңнәр өне:&lt;br&gt;
Булды, бар ул, булыр – Аттила кавеме!&lt;br&gt;
||||: Аттила кавеме! :||||&lt;br&gt;

=== '''DICSŐSÉG ISTENNEK! (Аллага шөкер!)''' ===

||||||: Még áll a Kárpátok határa&lt;br&gt;
Él még a hazaszeretet&lt;br&gt;
Angyalok szárnyai&lt;br&gt;
Óvják e nemzetet&lt;br&gt;
Dicsőség Istennek! :||||||&lt;br&gt;

'''АЛЛАГА ШӨКЕР!'''

Сылтамалары:

https://yandex.ru/video/preview/203329528523511779

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-dicsoseg-istennek-481fa55a4622f60cf77b10d62b04d11e

||||||: Карпат-тау әле калкып тора –&lt;br&gt;
Ватанны сөюгә зикер.&lt;br&gt;
Фәрештә канаты&lt;br&gt;
Саклап тота аны,&lt;br&gt;
Аллага шөкер! :||||||&lt;br&gt;

=== '''A VILÁGTÓL ELZÁRVA (Дөньядан еракта)''' ===
A világtól elzárva, égi tisztaságban&lt;br&gt;
Hegyektől ölelve, a remény sugára&lt;br&gt;
Született asszonytól, született embertől&lt;br&gt;
Lelke hófehére az egy igaz Istentől&lt;br&gt;

Míg künn a fenyveseket tépi a vad nemere&lt;br&gt;
Bent pattogó tűznek simogat melege&lt;br&gt;
Hol apáról fiúra száll a titkok titka&lt;br&gt;
Kárpátok őrzője imígyen tanítja&lt;br&gt;

Ha mész hegygerincen, ha mész patakvölgyben&lt;br&gt;
Lábad alatt az út könnyű sosem legyen&lt;br&gt;
Menj sűrű erdőkön, menj a hómezőkön&lt;br&gt;
Hagyd ott nyomod minden drága magyar rögön&lt;br&gt;

Hallasz majd beszédet, hangosat, csendeset&lt;br&gt;
Keserűt kárognak, az igazság édesebb&lt;br&gt;
Édesebb a nyelvnek az őszinte szó íze&lt;br&gt;
Varjú károgása ne zavarjon össze&lt;br&gt;

Kutass a végtelenben, a sorsod két kezedben&lt;br&gt;
Nyisd ki, olvasd bátran, ott rejlik benne minden&lt;br&gt;
Ott rejlik boldogságod, ott rejlik minden álmod&lt;br&gt;
Tövisek közt nyíló, szép mártírhalálod&lt;br&gt;

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-a-vilagtol-elzarva-619038082f64edec2a374b1b866b87bf

'''Дөньядан еракта'''&lt;br&gt;
Дөньядан еракта, күкләр сафлыгында,&lt;br&gt;
Таулар кочагында, өмет нурларында –&lt;br&gt;
Анадан туган ул, атадан туган ул,&lt;br&gt;
Бер Ходайдан иңгән, кар кебек ак җан ул.&lt;br&gt;

Тышта – чыршыларны кыргый җил битәрли,&lt;br&gt;
Эчтә – янган учак җылысы иркәли.&lt;br&gt;
Карпат сакчысының сабагы-гозере:&lt;br&gt;
Атадан угылга күчә яшәү сере.&lt;br&gt;

Бар тау сырты буйлап, иңлә үзәннәрне –&lt;br&gt;
Аяк астыңда юл булыр сикәлтәле.&lt;br&gt;
Карурманнарыңда, карлы кырларыңда –&lt;br&gt;
Калдыр эзләреңне маҗар туфрагында.&lt;br&gt;

Сөйләрләр сүзләрен – мактап йә каһәрләп:&lt;br&gt;
Авырын – аһ-зарлап, рәхәтрәген – тәмләп.&lt;br&gt;
Сөйләш үз телеңдә, татып һәр хак сүзне,&lt;br&gt;
Карга каркылдавы борчымасын сине.&lt;br&gt;

Эзлән Мәңгелектә, язмыш үз кулыңда,&lt;br&gt;
Укы ачып аны, бөтен серләр шунда.&lt;br&gt;
Анда хыялларың, яшерен сәгадәтең,&lt;br&gt;
Гөлләр арасында – ахыргы сәгатең.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''ISTEN VELED, SZÜLŐI HÁZ (Иминлектә бул, туган йорт)''' ===
Kicsi ház a szőke Tisza partján,&lt;br&gt;
Ott lakott az én édesanyám.&lt;br&gt;
S a nyitott ablakon kihallott&lt;br&gt;
Apám zongorája,&lt;br&gt;
Dalára a tücsök elhallgatott.&lt;br&gt;
Édesanyám, ha ebédhez terített,&lt;br&gt;
Sürgött-forgott az egész család.&lt;br&gt;
S ha ebéd után a kémény&lt;br&gt;
felett elszállott a gólya,&lt;br&gt;
a tornácról néztük az útját.&lt;br&gt;
Refrén:&lt;br&gt;
Isten veled szülői ház,&lt;br&gt;
Mától kezdve rád más vigyáz.&lt;br&gt;
Emlékszem a szépre, jóra,&lt;br&gt;
Húsvétra, karácsonyra,&lt;br&gt;
Emlék, mely örökre bennem él.&lt;br&gt;

Elrepültek hónapok és évek,&lt;br&gt;
hajlott hátú édes jó apám.&lt;br&gt;
Székén ülve, a szeme alatt&lt;br&gt;
Elmorzsolt egy könnyet:&lt;br&gt;
Milyen szép az én kis unokám!&lt;br&gt;
Szőke Tisza, mesélj nekem róluk,&lt;br&gt;
Milyen lehet egy igaz szerelem.&lt;br&gt;
Hogyan lehet egy életen át&lt;br&gt;
Egymást úgy szeretni,&lt;br&gt;
Tisztelni sok hosszú éven át.&lt;br&gt;
Refrén.&lt;br&gt;

De jött az este, és sötét lett minden,&lt;br&gt;
Rózsa nőtte be az ablakot.&lt;br&gt;
Az ablak alatt, ha este megállok,&lt;br&gt;
Hallom a hangokat:&lt;br&gt;
A zongorán a régi dallamot.&lt;br&gt;
Refrén.&lt;br&gt;

'''ИМИНЛЕКТӘ БУЛ, ТУГАН ЙОРТ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудиосы:&lt;br&gt;
https://vk.com/wall-78485741_1042

Якты Тиса буйларында өем.&lt;br&gt;
Әнкәй тәрәз аша җырлады,&lt;br&gt;
Әткәй фортепианосында&lt;br&gt;
Яңгыратты көен –&lt;br&gt;
Шөрчекләр дә тынып тыңлады.&lt;br&gt;
Әнкәй табын җәйгәч, тәгам итте&lt;br&gt;
Ыгы-зыгы килеп гаилә.&lt;br&gt;
Өй өстеннән, канат җәеп,&lt;br&gt;
Ләкләк очып үтте,&lt;br&gt;
Карап калдык аңа, кул изәп.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Туган йорт, бул иминлектә,&lt;br&gt;
Булсын хуҗаң изгелектә.&lt;br&gt;
Күңел баглыйм һуш кылганга –&lt;br&gt;
Гайдел-Әдхә, Рамазанга*,&lt;br&gt;
Калды алар мәңгегә истә.&lt;br&gt;

Үтеп китте бик тиз айлар, еллар,&lt;br&gt;
Әткәем дә инде картайды.&lt;br&gt;
Күз яшьләрен сөртә-сөртә:&lt;br&gt;
“Нинди соң матурлар&lt;br&gt;
Оныкларым...” – диеп моңайды.&lt;br&gt;
Якты Тиса гүя сөйләп тора:&lt;br&gt;
“Менә шундый ул – саф мәхәббәт!&lt;br&gt;
Бер-береңне гомер буе&lt;br&gt;
Мөмкин яратырга,&lt;br&gt;
Кылып игелек һәм мәрхәмәт”.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Туган йорт, бул иминлектә,&lt;br&gt;
Булсын хуҗаң изгелектә.&lt;br&gt;
Күңел баглыйм һуш кылганга –&lt;br&gt;
Гайдел-Әдхә, Рамазанга,&lt;br&gt;
Калды алар мәңгегә истә. &lt;br&gt;

Кич тә җитте. Тәрәз канатларын&lt;br&gt;
Урап алган гүзәл гөлчәчәк.&lt;br&gt;
Әткәй фортепианосы урамга&lt;br&gt;
Тарата моңнарын;&lt;br&gt;
Көе күңелләргә иңәчәк.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Туган йорт, бул иминлектә,&lt;br&gt;
Булсын хуҗаң изгелектә.&lt;br&gt;
Күңел баглыйм һуш кылганга –&lt;br&gt;
Гайдел-Әдхә, Рамазанга,&lt;br&gt;
Калды алар мәңгегә истә.&lt;br&gt;

 * '''''Гайдел-Әдхә, Рамазанга: “Карпатия” текстында – “Олы Көнгә, Раштуага”.'''''&lt;br&gt;

=== '''ERDÉLY HIMNUSZ (Әрдей гимны)''' ===
Ki tudja merre, merre visz a végzet:&lt;br&gt;
Göröngyös úton, sötét éjjelen.&lt;br&gt;
Vezesd még egyszer, győzelemre néped,&lt;br&gt;
Csaba királyfi, csillagösvényen!&lt;br&gt;
'''''Refrain''''':&lt;br&gt;
Maroknyi székely porlik, mint a szikla,&lt;br&gt;
Népek harcának zajló tengerén.&lt;br&gt;
Fejünk az ár jaj, százszor elborít&lt;br&gt;ja,
Ne hagyd elveszni Erdélyt, Istenünk!&lt;br&gt;

Ameddig élünk, magyar ajkú népek,&lt;br&gt;
Megtörni lelkünk nem lehet soha!&lt;br&gt;
Szülessünk bárhol, földünk bármely pontján,&lt;br&gt;
Lenne a sorsunk jó vagy mostoha.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Refrain''''':&lt;br&gt;
Maroknyi székely porlik, mint a szikla,&lt;br&gt;
Népek harcának zajló tengerén.&lt;br&gt;
Fejünk az ár jaj, százszor elborítja,&lt;br&gt;
Ne hagyd elveszni Erdélyt, Istenünk! &lt;br&gt;

'''ӘРДЕЙ ГИМНЫ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамалары:&lt;br&gt;
https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/himnusz-szйkely-himnusz-99ee478c566fdfd54708534b0da13e5f

https://zvyki.com/song/154544099/K_rp_tia_-_Sz_kely_Himnusz/

Язмышлар безне йөртми кайда гына&lt;br&gt;
Караңгы төндә, сикәлтә урда.&lt;br&gt;
Чаба шаһзадә, кайт кабат халкыңа,&lt;br&gt;
Алып чык аны йолдызлы юлга.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Ялгыз кыя күк, сейкәй басып тора&lt;br&gt;
Халыклар явы барган диңгездә,&lt;br&gt;
Йөз кат калды ул дулкыннар астында;&lt;br&gt;
Яшәү насыйп ит, Ходай, Әрдейгә. &lt;br&gt;

Маҗар телле кавемнәр арасында&lt;br&gt;
Мәңге сынмас безнең көч-рухыбыз,&lt;br&gt;
Дөньяның кайсы җирендә тусак та,&lt;br&gt;
Нинди булса да юл-язмышыбыз.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымта:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Ялгыз кыя күк, сейкәй басып тора&lt;br&gt;
Халыклар явы барган диңгездә,&lt;br&gt;
Кат-кат калды ул дулкыннар астында;&lt;br&gt;
Яшәү насыйп ит, Ходай, Әрдейгә.&lt;br&gt;

''Беренче бөтендөнья сугышыннан соң Трианон халыкара килешүе буенча (1920 елда) Румыниягә кереп калган Әрдей (Трансильвания) маҗарлары (үзатамалары – сейкәйләр) бу җырны шул елларда милли гимн буларак куллана башлаганнар. Аны сейкәйләрнең милли бәйрәмнәрендә һәм җыеннарында башкаралар. Гимн шулай ук Әрдей спорт такымнары Румыния беренчелегендә катнашканда да илнең үз дәүләт гимны белән бергә оркестр язмасында уйнатыла.''&lt;br&gt;

=== '''BIZALMAM AZ ŐSI ERÉNYBEN (Изгелеккә мин ышанам)''' ===
Bizalmam az ősi erényben&lt;br&gt;
Hiszem, hogy vélünk az Isten&lt;br&gt;
Hiszem, hogy lesz feltámadás&lt;br&gt;

Az idő kezdete óta&lt;br&gt;
Regéket mesélnek róla&lt;br&gt;
Milyen szép is az én hazám&lt;br&gt;

Ha látsz útmenti keresztet&lt;br&gt;
Vándor, állj meg egy percet! &lt;br&gt;
Olvasd a hősök névsorát! &lt;br&gt;

Voltak kik előttünk jártak&lt;br&gt;
Erősek, ifjak s bátrak&lt;br&gt;
Hitték egy szebb kor hajnalát&lt;br&gt;

Bizalmam az ősi erényben&lt;br&gt;
Hiszem, hogy vélünk az Isten&lt;br&gt;
Hiszem, hogy lesz feltámadás&lt;br&gt;
Jegyezd szavam, históriás! &lt;br&gt;

Lesznek kik utánunk jönnek&lt;br&gt;
Szótlanul helyünkbe lépnek&lt;br&gt;
Vitézül harcolnak tovább&lt;br&gt;

S egyszer majd arról mesélnek&lt;br&gt;
Hogy valahol volt egy nemzet&lt;br&gt;
Ki visszaszerezte hazáját&lt;br&gt;

Bizalmam az ősi erényben&lt;br&gt;
Hiszem, hogy vélünk az Isten&lt;br&gt;
Hiszem, hogy lesz feltámadás&lt;br&gt;
Jegyezd szavam, históriás! &lt;br&gt;

'''ИЗГЕЛЕККӘ МИН ЫШАНАМ'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамасы:

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-bizalmam-az-os-erenyben-88cdac565f316aad49da3af60e61dbf5&lt;br&gt;
https://zvyki.com/song/94165942/Karpatia_-_Bizalmam_az_os_erenyben/

Изгелеккә мин ышанам,&lt;br&gt;
Аллаһ безнең белән һаман,&lt;br&gt;
Мәсих иңәчәк кабаттан.&lt;br&gt;

Языладыр Әлмисактан&lt;br&gt;
Риваятьләр аның хакта, –&lt;br&gt;
Нинди гүзәл безнең Ватан!&lt;br&gt;

Күрсәң һәйкәл, хәтер ташын,&lt;br&gt;
Туктап дога кыл, юлдашым!&lt;br&gt;
Укы батырларның атын!&lt;br&gt;

Ышанган безнең элгәрләр,&lt;br&gt;
Куәтлеләр, кыю, яшьләр:&lt;br&gt;
Изге чорлар таңы иңәр!&lt;br&gt;

Изгелеккә мин ышанам,&lt;br&gt;
Аллаһ безнең белән һаман,&lt;br&gt;
Мәсих кабаттан иңәчәк.&lt;br&gt;
Елъязмачы, бу – киләчәк!

Бездән соң да килер буын,&lt;br&gt;
Әзерләек аңа урын,&lt;br&gt;
Дәвам итсен элгәр явын.&lt;br&gt;

Үрнәк итеп сөйләр дөньяң: &lt;br&gt;
Шундый бер халык, ди, булган –&lt;br&gt;
Үз илен кире кайтарган.&lt;br&gt;

|||: Изгелеккә мин ышанам,&lt;br&gt;
Аллаһ безнең белән һаман,&lt;br&gt;
Мәсих кабаттан иңәчәк.&lt;br&gt;
Елъязмачы, бу – киләчәк! :|||&lt;br&gt;

=== '''HAJDANÁN (Бик күптән)''' ===
Hajdanán egy székely kiment az erdőbe,&lt;br&gt;
Csalta egyre beljebb tündérek meséje,&lt;br&gt;
Arra sétált, hol madár se járt,&lt;br&gt;
Erdő mélyén hazára talált,&lt;br&gt;
S így szólt:&lt;br&gt;
Halljátok magyarok,&lt;br&gt;
Szkíták, hunok, avarok,&lt;br&gt;
Egy húsból, egy vérből&lt;br&gt;
Véletek egy vagyok!&lt;br&gt;
Halljátok magyarok,&lt;br&gt;
Szkíták, hunok, avarok,&lt;br&gt;
Egy húsból, egy vérből,&lt;br&gt;
Egy törzsből fakadok!&lt;br&gt;

Hajdanán egy kun lány zöld mezőre tévedt,&lt;br&gt;
Szép hosszú hajából levágott egy tincset,&lt;br&gt;
Vitte szárnyán könnyű fuvallat,&lt;br&gt;
Mezők selyme hazája maradt,&lt;br&gt;
S így szólt:&lt;br&gt;
Halljátok magyarok,&lt;br&gt;
Szkíták, hunok, avarok,&lt;br&gt;
Egy húsból, egy vérből&lt;br&gt;
Véletek egy vagyok!&lt;br&gt;
Halljátok magyarok,&lt;br&gt;
Szkíták, hunok, avarok,&lt;br&gt;
Egy húsból, egy vérből,&lt;br&gt;
Egy törzsből fakadok!&lt;br&gt;

Hajdanán egy csángó kiült a nagy hegyre,&lt;br&gt;
Szíve messze szállt, mint a költöző fecske,&lt;br&gt;
Hallgatta a fenyők zúgását,&lt;br&gt;
Fentről nézte kedves hazáját,&lt;br&gt;
S így szólt:&lt;br&gt;
Halljátok magyarok,&lt;br&gt;
Szkíták, hunok, avarok,&lt;br&gt;
Egy húsból, egy vérből&lt;br&gt;
Véletek egy vagyok!&lt;br&gt;
Halljátok magyarok,&lt;br&gt;
Szkíták, hunok, avarok,&lt;br&gt;
Egy húsból, egy vérből,&lt;br&gt;
Egy törzsből fakadok!&lt;br&gt;

Hajdanán egy vén jász szikes pusztát járta,&lt;br&gt;
Lelkét melengette tücsökmuzsikája,&lt;br&gt;
Száraz kórót kergetett a szél,&lt;br&gt;
Napnyugtára ő is hazatér&lt;br&gt;
S így szólt:&lt;br&gt;
Halljátok magyarok,&lt;br&gt;
Szkíták, hunok, avarok,&lt;br&gt;
Egy húsból, egy vérből&lt;br&gt;
Véletek egy vagyok!&lt;br&gt;
Halljátok magyarok,&lt;br&gt;
Szkíták, hunok, avarok,&lt;br&gt;
Egy húsból, egy vérből,&lt;br&gt;
Egy törzsből fakadok!&lt;br&gt;

Hajdanán egy palóc dombok alját rótta,&lt;br&gt;
Hűs patak vizével a szomját oltotta,&lt;br&gt;
Vándorbotját földbe leszúrta,&lt;br&gt;
Szép hazában rügy fakadt rajta&lt;br&gt;
S így szólt:&lt;br&gt;
Halljátok magyarok,&lt;br&gt;
Szkíták, hunok, avarok,&lt;br&gt;
Egy húsból, egy vérből&lt;br&gt;
Véletek egy vagyok!&lt;br&gt;
Halljátok magyarok,&lt;br&gt;
Szkíták, hunok, avarok,&lt;br&gt;
Egy húsból, egy vérből,&lt;br&gt;
Egy törzsből fakadok!&lt;br&gt;

'''БИК КҮПТӘН'''&lt;br&gt;
Тарихи эчтәлекле җыр. Бер маҗарларның гына түгел, борынгы заманнарда Урал үрләреннән алып Карпат тауларына кадәрге Бөек Далада иңгә-иң яшәгән халыкларның уртак тарихы турында да.

Аудиосы:&lt;br&gt;https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-hajdanan-0c33fea2ebd586f4f26f07d5aa08c4c8

Бик күптән бер сейкәй керде карурманга,&lt;br&gt;
Серле риваятьләр рухы чакырганга,&lt;br&gt;
Кош очмаган җиргә ул басты,&lt;br&gt;
Чытырманда ватанын тапты.&lt;br&gt;
Әйтте:&lt;br&gt;
Иш(е)тәсезме, маҗарлар,&lt;br&gt;
Скифлар, һуннар, аварлар –&lt;br&gt;
Бер каннан, бер җисемнән,&lt;br&gt;
Мин дә шул кавемнән!&lt;br&gt;
Иш(е)тәсезме, маҗарлар,&lt;br&gt;
Скифлар, һуннар, аварлар –&lt;br&gt;
Бер каннан, бер җисемнән,&lt;br&gt;
Мин дә сезнең белән!&lt;br&gt;

Бик күптән бер кыпчак кыз яшел болында,&lt;br&gt;
Кисеп бер тотам чәч озын толымында,&lt;br&gt;
Бирде аны талгын җилләргә –&lt;br&gt;
Ефәк итеп кырга җәяргә.&lt;br&gt;
Әйтте:&lt;br&gt;
Иш(е)тәсезме, маҗарлар,&lt;br&gt;
Скифлар, һуннар, аварлар –&lt;br&gt;
Бер каннан, бер җисемнән,&lt;br&gt;
Мин дә шул кавемнән!&lt;br&gt;
Иш(е)тәсезме, маҗарлар,&lt;br&gt;
Скифлар, һуннар, аварлар –&lt;br&gt;
Бер каннан, бер җисемнән,&lt;br&gt;
Мин дә сезнең белән!&lt;br&gt;

Бик күптән бер чаңго менде тау башына –&lt;br&gt;
Карлыгачтай, йөрәк күкләргә ашкына;&lt;br&gt;
Тыңлый-тыңлый наратлар шавын,&lt;br&gt;
Бу җир, диде, газиз ватаным.&lt;br&gt;
Әйтте:&lt;br&gt;
Иш(е)тәсезме, маҗарлар,&lt;br&gt;
Скифлар, һуннар, аварлар –&lt;br&gt;
Бер каннан, бер җисемнән,&lt;br&gt;
Мин дә шул кавемнән!&lt;br&gt;
Иш(е)тәсезме, маҗарлар,&lt;br&gt;
Скифлар, һуннар, аварлар –&lt;br&gt;
Бер каннан, бер җисемнән,&lt;br&gt;
Мин дә сезнең белән!&lt;br&gt;

Бик күптән бер карт яс гизде тозлы чүлне,&lt;br&gt;
Чикерткәләр көе назлады күңелне.&lt;br&gt;
Калды сахра җилләр иркенә,&lt;br&gt;
Бабай кире кайтты өенә.&lt;br&gt;
Әйтте:&lt;br&gt;
Иш(е)тәсезме, маҗарлар,&lt;br&gt;
Скифлар, һуннар, аварлар –&lt;br&gt;
Бер каннан, бер җисемнән,&lt;br&gt;
Мин дә шул кавемнән!&lt;br&gt;
Иш(е)тәсезме, маҗарлар,&lt;br&gt;
Скифлар, һуннар, аварлар –&lt;br&gt;
Бер каннан, бер җисемнән,&lt;br&gt;
Мин дә сезнең белән!&lt;br&gt;

Бик күптән бер палоц үз итте чал тауны,&lt;br&gt;
Инеш суын эчеп, басты ул сусауны.&lt;br&gt;
Һәм туфракка таягын төртте – &lt;br&gt;
Бөреләнеп ватаны үсте.&lt;br&gt;
Әйтте:&lt;br&gt;
Иш(е)тәсезме, маҗарлар,&lt;br&gt;
Скифлар, һуннар, аварлар –&lt;br&gt;
Бер каннан, бер җисемнән,&lt;br&gt;
Мин дә шул кавемнән!&lt;br&gt;
Иш(е)тәсезме, маҗарлар,&lt;br&gt;
Скифлар, һуннар, аварлар –&lt;br&gt;
Бер каннан, бер җисемнән,&lt;br&gt;
Мин дә сезнең белән!&lt;br&gt;

Җырда телгә алынган кавемнәрнең бер өлеше, маҗарларга ияреп, Дунай буйларына кадәр барган һәм мең бер йөз ел дәвамында маҗарлашып та киткән инде. Әйтик, Трансильвания (латинча – “урман арты иле”, маҗарча – Әрдей) җиренә беренче булып килеп урнашкан маҗарлар арасында төрки теллеләр да булган. Бүген Будапешттан көнчыгыштарак яшәүче яслар чыгышы белән Кавказдагы осетиннарга тугандаш, алар борынгы телләрен онытканнар инде. “Кыпчак кызы” маҗарча — kun lány (кун лань). Төрки чыгышлылар бүгенге Маҗарстанның Куншаг (Кун иле) төбәгендә яшиләр. Биредә һәм күршедәге Токай (!) төбәгендә илнең иң татлы йөземнәрен үстерәләр һәм кызыл шәрабларын ясыйлар. Җирле сөйләштә кыпчак сүзләре әдәби тел белән чагыштырганда күбрәк сакланып калган.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''HIMNUSZ (Гимн)''' ===
1. Isten, áldd meg a magyart&lt;br&gt;
Jó kedvvel, bőséggel,&lt;br&gt;
Nyújts feléje védő kart,&lt;br&gt;
Ha küzd ellenséggel;&lt;br&gt;
Bal sors akit régen tép,&lt;br&gt;
Hozz rá víg esztendőt,&lt;br&gt;
Megbűnhődte már e nép&lt;br&gt;
A múltat s jövendőt!&lt;br&gt;

2. Őseinket felhozád&lt;br&gt;
Kárpát szent bércére,&lt;br&gt;
Általad nyert szép hazát&lt;br&gt;
Bendegúznak vére.&lt;br&gt;
S merre zúgnak habjai&lt;br&gt;
Tiszának, Dunának,'''&lt;br&gt;
Árpád hős magzatjai&lt;br&gt;
Felvirágozának.&lt;br&gt;

3. Értünk Kunság mezein&lt;br&gt;
Ért kalászt lengettél,&lt;br&gt;
Tokaj szőlővesszein&lt;br&gt;
Nektárt csepegtettél.&lt;br&gt;
Zászlónk gyakran plántálád&lt;br&gt;
Vad török sáncára,&lt;br&gt;
S nyögte Mátyás bús hadát&lt;br&gt;
Bécsnek büszke vára.&lt;br&gt;

4. Hajh, de bűneink miatt&lt;br&gt;
Gyúlt harag kebledben,&lt;br&gt;
S elsújtád villámidat&lt;br&gt;
Dörgő fellegedben,&lt;br&gt;
Most rabló mongol nyilát&lt;br&gt;
Zúgattad felettünk,&lt;br&gt;
Majd töröktől rabigát&lt;br&gt;
Vállainkra vettünk.&lt;br&gt;

5. Hányszor zengett ajkain&lt;br&gt;
Ozman vad népének&lt;br&gt;
Vert hadunk csonthalmain&lt;br&gt;
Győzedelmi ének!&lt;br&gt;
Hányszor támadt tenfiad&lt;br&gt;
Szép hazám, kebledre,&lt;br&gt;
S lettél magzatod miatt&lt;br&gt;
Magzatod hamvvedre!&lt;br&gt;

6. Bújt az üldözött, s felé&lt;br&gt;
Kard nyúlt barlangjában,&lt;br&gt;
Szerte nézett s nem lelé&lt;br&gt;
Honját e hazában,&lt;br&gt;
Bércre hág és völgybe száll,&lt;br&gt;
Bú s kétség mellette,&lt;br&gt;
Vérözön lábainál,&lt;br&gt;
S lángtenger fölette.&lt;br&gt;

7. Vár állott, most kőhalom,&lt;br&gt;
Kedv s öröm röpkedtek,&lt;br&gt;
Halálhörgés, siralom&lt;br&gt;
Zajlik már helyettek.&lt;br&gt;
S ah, szabadság nem virul&lt;br&gt;
A holtnak véréből,&lt;br&gt;
Kínzó rabság könnye hull&lt;br&gt;
Árvák hő szeméből!&lt;br&gt;

8. Szánd meg Isten a magyart&lt;br&gt;
Kit vészek hányának,&lt;br&gt;
Nyújts feléje védő kart&lt;br&gt;
Tengerén kínjának.&lt;br&gt;
Bal sors akit régen tép,&lt;br&gt;
Hozz rá víg esztendőt,&lt;br&gt;
Megbűnhődte már e nép&lt;br&gt;
A múltat s jövendőt!&lt;br&gt;

'''ГИМН'''&lt;br&gt;
''Тарихи әһәмияткә дә ия булган '''Маҗарстан дәүләт гимны''' тәрҗемәсе. XIX гасырның беренче яртысында шигъри текстын ''' Фәрәнц Көлчәй''' (Kölcsey Ferenc), көен '''Фәрәнц Әркәл''' (Erkel Ferenc) иҗат иткән.''&lt;br&gt;

Аудио сылтамасы:&lt;br&gt;
https://web.ligaudio.ru/mp3/himnusz&lt;br&gt;

1. Йа Ходаем, маҗарны&lt;br&gt;
Саклагыл, ярлыкагыл,&lt;br&gt;
Суз ярдәмчел кулыңны,&lt;br&gt;
Дошманнарын гаҗиз кыл.&lt;br&gt;
Язмыш, өз золым көчен,&lt;br&gt;
Бәхетле ит барчасын,&lt;br&gt;
Үткән һәм алдагы өчен&lt;br&gt;
Күрде халык казасын. &lt;br&gt;

2. Юл сыздың Карпат аша&lt;br&gt;
Маҗар бабаларына,&lt;br&gt;
Бирдең Ватан-гөлбакча&lt;br&gt;
Бәндәгуз улларына.&lt;br&gt;
Тиса, Дунай сулары&lt;br&gt;
Үтә тауларны урап, –&lt;br&gt;
Батыр Арпад уллары&lt;br&gt;
Анда мул тормыш кора.&lt;br&gt;

3. Кун иле җирләрендә&lt;br&gt;
Чайкала тук башаклар,&lt;br&gt;
Токай тәлгәшләреннән&lt;br&gt;
Тама татлы шәраблар.&lt;br&gt;
Безнең ту еш балкыган&lt;br&gt;
Төрек кирмәннәрендә,&lt;br&gt;
Матьяш явы сыкраткан&lt;br&gt;
Вена түрәләрен дә.&lt;br&gt;

4. Гөнаһларыбыз үче&lt;br&gt;
Кысты Синең күкрәкне:&lt;br&gt;
Аттың болыттан яшен,&lt;br&gt;
Күкрәттең безнең күкне.&lt;br&gt;
Баскын монголлар угы&lt;br&gt;
Очты баш өстебездә,&lt;br&gt;
Аннан төрек коллыгы&lt;br&gt;
Йөк булды җилкәбездә.&lt;br&gt;

5. Күпме торды яңгырап&lt;br&gt;
Кыргый госман гаугасы,&lt;br&gt;
Яугир җәсәден таптап&lt;br&gt;
Җиңүләр тантанасы!&lt;br&gt;
Күпме сине улларың,&lt;br&gt;
Гүзәл ил, күкрәгеңә&lt;br&gt;
Басып изде, кыйнады,&lt;br&gt;
Әйләндереп кабергә!&lt;br&gt;

6. Эзәрләүдән капланып&lt;br&gt;
Утырмасын кай өндә,&lt;br&gt;
Сыеныр җир тапмады&lt;br&gt;
Үз Ватанында бәндә.&lt;br&gt;
Менсә тау түбәсенә –&lt;br&gt;
Ут диңгезе өстендә,&lt;br&gt;
Һәркайда кайгы-хәсрәт,&lt;br&gt;
Кан үзәне бар җирдә.&lt;br&gt;

7. Кирмән иде – таш өеме,&lt;br&gt;
Хозур, бәхет югалган,&lt;br&gt;
Афәт, үлем сөреме&lt;br&gt;
Ватанны чолгап алган.&lt;br&gt;
Аһ, мәетләр каныннан&lt;br&gt;
Азатлык чәчәк атмый,&lt;br&gt;
Илсезләр елавыннан&lt;br&gt;
Шатлык күз яше акмый.&lt;br&gt;

8. Кызган, Ходай, маҗарны&lt;br&gt;
Дөнья михнәтләрендә,&lt;br&gt;
Суз ярдәмчел кулыңны&lt;br&gt;
Газаплар диңгезендә.&lt;br&gt;
Язмыш, өз золым көчен,&lt;br&gt;
Бәхетле ит барчасын,&lt;br&gt;
Үткән һәм алдагы өчен&lt;br&gt;
Күрде халык казасын.&lt;br&gt;

'''Аңлатмалар'''
 1. '''Бәндәгуз''' (Bendegúz) – ''IV-V гасырларда яшәгән кеше. Маҗарлар аны үзләренең нәсел башы дип саный. Риваятьләр буенча, ул һун патшасы Аттиланың атасы булган.''&lt;br&gt;
 2. '''Арпад''' (Árpád) – ''IX-X гасырлар чигендә бүгенге Ватаннарына килеп урнашкан маҗарларның юлбашчысы (икенче бөек кенәзе), беренчесе булган Альмошның улы. 895-907 елларда маҗар кабиләләрен җитәкләгән.''&lt;br&gt;
 3. '''Кун иле''' (Kunság) – ''бүгенге Маҗарстанның уртасында, Дунай, Тиса һәм Көрөш елгалары арасында урнашкан тарихи-географик өлкә. XIII гасыр башында, бу урынга көнчыгыштан килеп, кыпчаклар яши башлаганнар. Бүген алар маҗарлашып беткән инде, ләкин телләрендә берничә дистә кыпчак сүзе сакланып калган, алар маҗар әдәби теленә дә кереп киткән.''&lt;br&gt;
 4. '''Токай''' (Tokaj) – ''Маҗарстанның шәрабчылык сәнәгате төбәге.''&lt;br&gt;
 5. '''Матьяш I''' (I. Mátyás) – ''XV гасырның икенче яртысында Маҗарстан короле. Госманлылар мәмләкәте һәм Рум империясе белән Австрия җирендә сугышкан.'''&lt;br&gt;

=== '''AZ IGAZÁN SZÉP IDŐ''' ('''Ихластан шәп заман''')===
Az volt, kérem szépen, az igazán szép idő,&lt;br&gt;
Mikor férfi volt a férfi és nő volt a nő.&lt;br&gt;
A pimasz rágalmakat másnap párbaj követte,&lt;br&gt;
És a sértést vérrel mosták le.&lt;br&gt;

Akkor, kérem szépen, rend volt még a rend,&lt;br&gt;
Az utcát csendőr járta, a tolvaj reszketett,&lt;br&gt;
A börtön nem hotel volt, és a bíró nem haver,&lt;br&gt;
Megfizetett minden gazember.&lt;br&gt;

Az újságíró, kérem, az igazságról írt,&lt;br&gt;
Nem kellett keresni a sorok közt a hírt,&lt;br&gt;
Magyar zenét sugárzott a magyar rádió.&lt;br&gt;
Harsogott az Erdély induló.&lt;br&gt;

Csak tessék, csak tessék!&lt;br&gt;
Itt látható a világ egyetlen országa,&lt;br&gt;
Ami hihetetlen módon határos önmagával.&lt;br&gt;
Itt lakik az a nép,&lt;br&gt;
Melyet ezer éve óta próbálnak betörni és idomítani,&lt;br&gt;
De mindhiába.&lt;br&gt;
Az ütlegeléstől megedződtek,&lt;br&gt;
És a nélkülözések közepette is feltalálták magukat.&lt;br&gt;
Vigyázat!&lt;br&gt;
Ha a láncaiktól és a szájkosártól megszabadítanánk őket,&lt;br&gt;
Beláthatatlan következmények elé nézne a világ!&lt;br&gt;

Az volt, kérem szépen, az igazán szép idő,&lt;br&gt;
Mikor férfi volt a férfi és nő volt a nő.&lt;br&gt;
A pimasz rágalmakat másnap párbaj követte,&lt;br&gt;
És a sértést vérrel mosták le.&lt;br&gt;

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-az-igazan-szep-idok-7488e96241836170ed74ef35a7e3d1e6

'''ИХЛАСТАН ШӘП ЗАМАН'''&lt;br&gt;
Гафу, элек ихластан да шәп заман иде,&lt;br&gt;
Ирләр – ир-ат, хатын – хатын-кыз булган иде.&lt;br&gt;
Яла якканнар дуэльгә юлыга иде,&lt;br&gt;
Бар үпкәне кан юа иде.&lt;br&gt;

Ул заманда, гафу, тәртип даим сакланды,&lt;br&gt;
Жандарм йөрде урамнарда, бур калтыранды,&lt;br&gt;
Мәхкәмә – дус, төрмә кунакханә булмады, &lt;br&gt;
Һәр кабахәт җәзасын алды.&lt;br&gt;

Журналистлар яза иде гел дөреслекне,&lt;br&gt;
Катыштырмыйча яшерен мәгънә-этлекне,&lt;br&gt;
Маҗар радиосы маҗар көен уйнатты,&lt;br&gt;
Әрдей җырларын ул яңг(ы)ратты.&lt;br&gt;

Речитатив:&lt;br&gt;
Карап багыгызчы!&lt;br&gt;
Гаҗәеп хәл: бу дөньяда бар бер әкәмәт –&lt;br&gt;
Үзе белән үзе чиктәш бердәнбер дәүләт. &lt;br&gt;
Маташалар мең ел буе халкын кырырга,&lt;br&gt;
Рух куәтен сындырырга, буйсындырырга.&lt;br&gt;
Әмма файдасыз:&lt;br&gt;
Чыныгабыз тик, кыйналган саен,&lt;br&gt;
Кыерсытылган мәхрүмнәр таба үз җаен.&lt;br&gt;
Сак булыйк!&lt;br&gt;
Намуссызның алып кына ташла йөгәнен –&lt;br&gt;
Күрерсең дөньяңның асты өскә килгәнен!&lt;br&gt;
 
Гафу, элек ихластан да шәп заман иде,&lt;br&gt;
Ирләр – ир-ат, хатын – хатын-кыз булган иде.&lt;br&gt;
Яла якканнар дуэльгә юлыга иде,&lt;br&gt;
Бар үпкәне кан юа иде.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''BARÁTOM, MONDD MERRE VAGY? (Әйтче, дустым, син кайда?)''' ===

Карпатия вокаль-инструменталь төркеменең тагын бер түгәрәк даталы тарихи җыры: 70 ел элек (23 октябрь-11 ноябрь, 1956) Маҗарстан халкы сталинчыл-советчыл режимга каршы баш күтәргән һәм СССР гаскәрләр кертеп “Маҗар инкыйлабын” (ил тарихына шул исем белән кертелгән) бастырган вакытта булган хәлләр чагылыш тапкан аңарда.

https://vkvideo.ru/video-7449590_159562759

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-baratom-mondd-merre-vagy-58c7691f41e19fd45b4d5917658e558a

Könnygáz marja torkomat,&lt;br&gt;
Sállal fedem arcomat,&lt;br&gt;
Kardlap cserzi hátamat,&lt;br&gt;
Barátom, mondd merre vagy?&lt;br&gt;
Az utcán testvérem lövik,&lt;br&gt;
Pesten Magyar vér folyik,&lt;br&gt;
Rendőr lovak taposnak,&lt;br&gt;
Barátom mondd merre vagy?&lt;br&gt;
Oh-ho-ooo,&lt;br&gt;
Mint eldobott kő, száll a szó.&lt;br&gt;
Oh-ho-ooo,&lt;br&gt;
Csak egy igaz út járható.&lt;br&gt;

Meggyalázzák lányomat,&lt;br&gt;
Nemzetem, vallásomat,&lt;br&gt;
Börtön mélyén kínoznak,&lt;br&gt;
Barátom, mondd merre vagy?&lt;br&gt;
Ronggyá ázott ruhámban,&lt;br&gt;
Fegyverek célpontjában,&lt;br&gt;
A fél szemem aszfaltra fagy,&lt;br&gt;
Barátom, mondd merre vagy?&lt;br&gt;
Oh-ho-ooo,&lt;br&gt;
Mint eldobott kő, száll a szó.&lt;br&gt;
Oh-ho-ooo,&lt;br&gt;
Csak egy igaz út járható.&lt;br&gt;

RECITATIVO:&lt;br&gt;
Isten előtt, ki-ki bűnei szerint,&lt;br&gt;
módon elszámoltatik,&lt;br&gt;
Nem marad semmi véka alatt,&lt;br&gt;
mi megtörtént a nap alatt,&lt;br&gt;
S tüzes paripák nyomán&lt;br&gt;
jön el, élet és halál,&lt;br&gt;
Bizony mondom néktek döntse&lt;br&gt;
el mindenki, hogy hol áll.&lt;br&gt;
Oh-ho-ooo,&lt;br&gt;
Mint eldobott kő, száll a szó.&lt;br&gt;
Oh-ho-ooo,&lt;br&gt;
Csak egy igaz út járható.&lt;br&gt;

'''ӘЙТЧЕ, ДУСТЫМ, СИН КАЙДА?'''&lt;br&gt;
Газ өтә тамак-күзне,&lt;br&gt;
Шарф белән каплыйм йөзне,&lt;br&gt;
Кылыч эзе аркамда,&lt;br&gt;
Әйтче, дустым, син кайда?&lt;br&gt;
Аталар туганыма,&lt;br&gt;
Атлар баса санына,&lt;br&gt;
Кан түгелә урамда,&lt;br&gt;
Әйтче, дустым, син кайда?&lt;br&gt;
Әй-һәй, һәй-һәй!&lt;br&gt;
Сүзем таш күк атылган.&lt;br&gt;
Әй-һәй, һәй-һәй!&lt;br&gt;
Туры юлны эзләр җан.&lt;br&gt;

Җәберлиләр кызымны,&lt;br&gt;
Динемне һәм халкымны,&lt;br&gt;
Җәзалыйлар зинданда,&lt;br&gt;
Әйтче, дустым, син кайда?&lt;br&gt;
Өс-башым юешләнгән,&lt;br&gt;
Мылтык миңа төбәлгән,&lt;br&gt;
Ауныйм җирдә, тузанда,&lt;br&gt;
Әйтче, дустым, син кайда?&lt;br&gt;
Әй-һәй, һәй-һәй!&lt;br&gt;
Сүзләр таш күк атылган.&lt;br&gt;
Әй-һәй, һәй-һәй!&lt;br&gt;
Туры юлны эзләр җан.&lt;br&gt;

РЕЧИТАТИВ:&lt;br&gt;
Кылган гамәлләрнең казасын&lt;br&gt;
Хак каршында күрми калмассың,&lt;br&gt;
Яшеренеп калмас берни дә&lt;br&gt;
Кояш нурлар сипкән һәр җирдә,&lt;br&gt;
Уттай янган атлар эзендә&lt;br&gt;
Пәйда булыр тормыш-үлем дә,&lt;br&gt;
Бәян кылам сиңа ихластан:&lt;br&gt;
Хәл ит, барырсың кай тарафтан.&lt;br&gt;
Әй-һәй, һәй-һәй!&lt;br&gt;
Сүзләр таш күк атылган.&lt;br&gt;
Әй-һәй, һәй-һәй!&lt;br&gt;
Туры юлны эзләр җан.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''IGAZSÁGOT MAGYARORSZÁGNAK! (Хаклык булсын Маҗарстанга!)''' ===

Nem kell nekünk a más folyója,&lt;br&gt;
Nem kell nekünk a mások bérce,&lt;br&gt;
Csak magyar hegy és magyar róna,&lt;br&gt;
Ahogy az Isten rég kimérte.&lt;br&gt;
Nem kell nekünk idegen égbolt,&lt;br&gt;
Egy porszeme sem a világnak,&lt;br&gt;
Csak az kell ami a miénk volt.&lt;br&gt;
Igazságot, igazságot, igazságot Magyarországnak!&lt;br&gt;
Igazságot, igazságot, igazságot Magyarországnak!&lt;br&gt;

Nem kell nekünk a más folyója,&lt;br&gt;
Nem kell nekünk a mások bérce,&lt;br&gt;
Csak magyar hegy és magyar róna,&lt;br&gt;
Ahogy az Isten rég kimérte.&lt;br&gt;
Nem kell nekünk idegen égbolt,&lt;br&gt;
Egy porszeme sem a világnak,&lt;br&gt;
Csak az kell ami a miénk volt.&lt;br&gt;
Igazságot, igazságot, igazságot Magyarországnak!&lt;br&gt;
Igazságot, igazságot, igazságot Magyarországnak!&lt;br&gt;

Nem kell nekünk idegen égbolt,&lt;br&gt;
Egy porszeme sem a világnak,&lt;br&gt;
Csak az kell ami a miénk volt.&lt;br&gt;
Igazságot, igazságot, igazságot Magyarországnak!&lt;br&gt;
Igazságot, igazságot, igazságot Magyarországnak!&lt;br&gt;

https://yandex.ru/video/preview/18010745160999839490

'''ХАКЛЫК БУЛСЫН МАҖАРСТАНГА!'''

Кирәкми безгә чит елгалар,&lt;br&gt;
Кирәкми безгә чит-ят таулар.&lt;br&gt;
Маҗар үзән-тауларын гына&lt;br&gt;
Аллаһ биргән маҗар хакына.&lt;br&gt;
Кирәкми чит дөнья күге дә,&lt;br&gt;
Чит-яттан – тузан бөртеге дә.&lt;br&gt;
Дәгъва бары элек булганга!&lt;br&gt;
Хаклык булсын, хаклык булсын, хаклык булсын Маҗарстанга!&lt;br&gt;
Хаклык булсын, хаклык булсын, хаклык булсын Маҗарстанга!&lt;br&gt;

Кирәкми безгә чит елгалар,&lt;br&gt;
Кирәкми безгә чит-ят таулар.&lt;br&gt;
Маҗар үзән-тауларын гына&lt;br&gt;
Аллаһ биргән маҗар хакына.&lt;br&gt;
Кирәкми чит дөнья күге дә,&lt;br&gt;
Чит-яттан – тузан бөртеге дә.&lt;br&gt;
Дәгъва бары элек булганга!&lt;br&gt;
Хаклык булсын, хаклык булсын, хаклык булсын Маҗарстанга!&lt;br&gt;
Хаклык булсын, хаклык булсын, хаклык булсын Маҗарстанга!&lt;br&gt;

Кирәкми чит дөнья күге дә,&lt;br&gt;
Чит-яттан – тузан бөртеге дә.&lt;br&gt;
Дәгъва бары элек булганга!&lt;br&gt;
Хаклык булсын, хаклык булсын, хаклык булсын Маҗарстанга!&lt;br&gt;
Хаклык булсын, хаклык булсын, хаклык булсын Маҗарстанга!&lt;br&gt;

=== '''ÁRPÁD APÁNK INDULÓ (Арпад ата маршы)''' ===

Árpád apánk, ne féltsd ősi nemzeted,&lt;br&gt;
Nem veszhet el, ha eddig el nem veszett.&lt;br&gt;
||: Sej-haj, ősi búnk és bánatunk,&lt;br&gt;
Sej-haj, újra élünk s vígadunk! :||&lt;br&gt;
Volt is nékem, lesz is nékem boldog, vidám életem,&lt;br&gt;
Árpád apánk gyermekeként ezt a hazát kedvelem.&lt;br&gt;
||: Nem mennék el más országba sehová a világon,&lt;br&gt;
Jó időben, rossz ínségben ezt a hazát szolgálom! :||&lt;br&gt;

Tud szeretni a magyar szív igazán,&lt;br&gt;
Kit szeressen, ha nem téged, szép hazám.&lt;br&gt;
||: Sej-haj, hű légy hozzá, barátom,&lt;br&gt;
Sej-haj, nincs más hazád a világon! :||&lt;br&gt;
Volt is nékem, lesz is nékem boldog, vidám életem,&lt;br&gt;
Árpád apánk gyermekeként ezt a hazát kedvelem.&lt;br&gt;
||: Nem mennék el más országba sehová a világon,&lt;br&gt;
Jó időben, rossz ínségben ezt a hazát szolgálom! :||&lt;br&gt;

Volt is nékem, lesz is nékem boldog, vidám életem,&lt;br&gt;
Árpád apánk gyermekeként ezt a hazát kedvelem.&lt;br&gt;
||: Nem mennék el más országba sehová a világon,&lt;br&gt;
Jó időben, rossz ínségben ezt a hazát szolgálom! :||&lt;br&gt;

https://vk.ru/wall-50581772_355

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/karpatia-arpad-apank-indulo-9c5ee38859b47a38f825c08bfaa5bfbc

'''АРПАД АТА МАРШЫ'''

Арпад ата, инанып бак халкыңа:&lt;br&gt;
Ул исән-сау, яшәячәк тагын да.&lt;br&gt;
||: Әй-һәй, иске кайгы-гөнаһлар,&lt;br&gt;
Әй-һәй, тормыш күңелле атлар! :||&lt;br&gt;
Булган иде, булыр әле хозур тулы тормышым,&lt;br&gt;
Арпад ата баласы мин, шушы илдә язмышым.&lt;br&gt;
||: Үз ур(ы)нымны таба алмам, чит-ят җирләргә китсәм,&lt;br&gt;
Рәхәтлектә, авыр чорда – бер аңа хезмәт итәм! :||&lt;br&gt;

Мәхәббәттә, маҗар, изге йөрәгең,&lt;br&gt;
Гүзәл илдән гайре бармы сөйгәнең?&lt;br&gt;
||: Әй-һәй, юктыр үзгә Ватаның,&lt;br&gt;
Әй-һәй, сиңа тугры булганың! :||&lt;br&gt;
Булган иде, булыр әле хозур тулы тормышым,&lt;br&gt;
Арпад ата баласы мин, шушы илдә язмышым.&lt;br&gt;
||: Үз ур(ы)нымны таба алмам, чит-ят җирләргә китсәм,&lt;br&gt;
Рәхәтлектә, авыр чорда – бер аңа хезмәт итәм! :||&lt;br&gt;

Булган иде, булыр әле хозур тулы тормышым,&lt;br&gt;
Арпад ата баласы мин, шушы илдә язмышым.&lt;br&gt;
||: Үз ур(ы)нымны таба алмам, чит-ят җирләргә китсәм,&lt;br&gt;
Рәхәтлектә, авыр чорда – бер аңа хезмәт итәм! :||&lt;br&gt;

=== '''AMÍG CSAK EGY MAGYAR ÉL (Маҗарлар исән чакта)''' ===

Az alkonyat pirosra festi a felleget,&lt;br&gt;
Aranyló fürtjei bíborrá válnak.&lt;br&gt;
Lángjától felizzik, s haraggá gerjed,&lt;br&gt;
Minden magyarban, az elfojtott bánat.&lt;br&gt;
Évszázadok kínja egyszerre fellobban,&lt;br&gt;
Parázsa nem hunyt ki, most újra él,&lt;br&gt;
Felperzselt mezőn is új élet sarjad,&lt;br&gt;
Szép tavasz illatát hordja a szél.&lt;br&gt;
Amíg csak egy magyar él!&lt;br&gt;

Míg az éjjeli szellő a felhőket hajtja,&lt;br&gt;
A hajnal már tomboló vihart lehel,&lt;br&gt;
S korbácsok ütötte sebeit, gyógyítva,&lt;br&gt;
Szívében lángorkán bosszút nevel.&lt;br&gt;
Gyötrelmes szenvedés színültig csordult,&lt;br&gt;
S ki eddig sarcolta, reszketve fél.&lt;br&gt;
Rablánc és koldusbot eltűnik, széthull,&lt;br&gt;
Piros-fehér-zöldben táncol a szél.&lt;br&gt;
Amíg csak egy magyar él!&lt;br&gt;

Nemzetünk százéves álmából riasztja,&lt;br&gt;
A felajzott, dühödten lüktető szív.&lt;br&gt;
Az egyik kezével gyermekét szorítja,&lt;br&gt;
Másikkal, lángoló szablyával vív.&lt;br&gt;
Idegen rablóhad nézd, ahogy megvirrad,&lt;br&gt;
Nekünk az ébredés, nektek a vég.&lt;br&gt;
Üvöltő harci zaj után csak csend marad,&lt;br&gt;
Ármányos pénz többé semmit sem ér.&lt;br&gt;
Amíg csak egy magyar él!&lt;br&gt;

'''МАҖАРЛАР ИСӘН ЧАКТА'''

https://zvyki.com/song/73346467/K_rp_tia_-_Am_g_Csak_Egy_Magyar_l/

Болытка шәфәкътән алтын төс ялгана,&lt;br&gt;
Куерып китә дә, толымнар яна.&lt;br&gt;
Ялкынлы учаклар ачулы, каргышлы,&lt;br&gt;
Маҗар күңеле басынкы сагышлы.&lt;br&gt;
Гасырлар газабы бер мәл каб(ы)нып китә,&lt;br&gt;
Сүрелгән күмерләргә җан кертә.&lt;br&gt;
Янып көйгән кырлар янә чәчәк ата,&lt;br&gt;
Гүзәл яз исләрен җил тарата –&lt;br&gt;
Маҗарлар исән чакта!&lt;br&gt;

Төнге җил болытларны куган бер мәлдә,&lt;br&gt;
Таң тыны чакыра кабат дөрләргә,&lt;br&gt;
Камчылар ярасын дәвалап, тернәкләп.&lt;br&gt;
Үч алу гарасаты – йөрәктә:&lt;br&gt;
Газаплау касәләре тулып ташканнар,&lt;br&gt;
“Яклаучылар” куркуга батканнар...&lt;br&gt;
Чылбырлар, култаяк тәмугка олаккан&lt;br&gt;
Кызыл-ак-яшел җилле һәр якта –&lt;br&gt;
Маҗарлар исән чакта!&lt;br&gt;

“Гасырлык йокыдан уянырга кирәк!” –&lt;br&gt;
Ярсый һәр маҗарда гайрәтле йөрәк.&lt;br&gt;
Баласы – сул кулда, коралы – уң кулда,&lt;br&gt;
Баскан ул көрәшле, утлы юлга.&lt;br&gt;
Безгә бу – уяну, ә сезгә – бер шомлык,&lt;br&gt;
Котырган гөрелтедән соң – тынлык;&lt;br&gt;
Чит-ят баскын, кара: алсу таңнар ата,&lt;br&gt;
Мәкерле вәсвәсәң чыга юкка –&lt;br&gt;
Маҗарлар исән чакта!&lt;br&gt;

== '''АЛМАН ТЕЛЕННӘН ТӘРҖЕМӘЛӘР''' ==
=== '''DAS MÄDCHEN AUS DER FREMDE (Чит җир сылуы)''' ===
In einem Tal bei armen Hirten&lt;br&gt;
Ersehien mit jedem jungen Jahr.&lt;br&gt;
Sobald die ersten Lerchen schwirrten,&lt;br&gt;
Ein Mädchen schön und wunderbar.&lt;br&gt;

Sie war nicht in dem Tal geboren,&lt;br&gt;
Man wusste nicht, woher sie kam,&lt;br&gt;
Und sehnell war ihre Spur verloren,&lt;br&gt;
Sobald das Mädchen Abschied nahm.&lt;br&gt;

Beseligend war ihre Nähe,&lt;br&gt;
Und alle Herzen wurden weit,&lt;br&gt;
Doch eine Würde, eine Höhe&lt;br&gt;
Entfernte die Vertraulichkeit.&lt;br&gt;

Sie brachte Blumen mit und Früchte&lt;br&gt;
Gereift auf einer andern Flur,&lt;br&gt;
In einem andern Sonnenlichte,&lt;br&gt;
In einer glüchlichern Natur.&lt;br&gt;

Und teilte jedem eine Gabe,&lt;br&gt;
Dem Früchte, jenem Blumen aus;&lt;br&gt;
Der Jungling und der Greis am Stabe,&lt;br&gt;
Ein jeder ging beschenkt nach Haus.&lt;br&gt;

Willkommen waren alle Gäste,&lt;br&gt;
Doch nahte sich ein liebend Paar,&lt;br&gt;
Dem reichte sie der Gaben beste,&lt;br&gt;
Der Blumen allerschönste dar.&lt;br&gt;

'''ЧИТ ҖИР СЫЛУЫ'''&lt;br&gt;
(шигыре Фридрих Шиллердан, көе Франц Шубертныкы)&lt;br&gt;
Аудио сылтамасы:&lt;br&gt;
https://www.schubertlied.de/die-lieder/das-maedchen-aus-der-fremde-d117-erste-bearbeitung

Пәйда була Сылу язлар килеп,&lt;br&gt;
Карлыгачлар канат какканда;&lt;br&gt;
Сокланалар, нурлы йөзен күреп,&lt;br&gt;
Ярлы көтүчеләр яланда.&lt;br&gt;

Чит төбәктә туган бу Сылуның&lt;br&gt;
Кайдан килгәнлеген кем белсен;&lt;br&gt;
Соң мизгеле саубуллашуының –&lt;br&gt;
Табалмассың шуннан соң эзен.&lt;br&gt;

Карашыннан гүя нур сибелә,&lt;br&gt;
Җан җылына, күңел ачыла;&lt;br&gt;
Затлылык, бөеклегеннән генә&lt;br&gt;
Гади бәндә азрак ятсына.&lt;br&gt;

Җиләк-җимеш, чәчәк кулларында –&lt;br&gt;
Үстергәннәр барысын читләрдә,&lt;br&gt;
Ягымлырак кояш нурларында,&lt;br&gt;
Бәхетлерәк, мулрак җирләрдә.&lt;br&gt;

Һәркайсына таба ул бүләген –&lt;br&gt;
Җиләк-җимешме йә чәчәкме;&lt;br&gt;
Култаяклы карт, яшь җилкенчәген –&lt;br&gt;
Һәрбарчасын итә бүләкле.&lt;br&gt;

Ул кадерли үзенең һәр кунагын;&lt;br&gt;
Ә гашыйклар килсә аңарга,&lt;br&gt;
Чәчәк бәйләменең матуррагын&lt;br&gt;
Сайлап ала Сылу аларга.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''ABENDLIED (Кичке җыр)''' ===
Von '''Franz Schubert''' und '''Matthias Claudius'''&lt;br&gt;

Der Mond ist aufgegangen,&lt;br&gt;
Die gold’nen Sternlein prangen&lt;br&gt;
Am Himmel hell und klar.&lt;br&gt;
Der Wald steht schwarz und schweiget,&lt;br&gt;
Und aus den Wiesen steiget&lt;br&gt;
Der weisse Nebel wunderbar.&lt;br&gt;

Wie ist die Welt so stille,&lt;br&gt;
Und in der Dämm’rung Hülle&lt;br&gt;
So traulich und so hold!&lt;br&gt;
Als eine stille Kammer,&lt;br&gt;
Wo ihr des Tages Jammer&lt;br&gt;
Verschlafen und vergessen sollt.&lt;br&gt;

Seht ihr den Mond dort stehen? –&lt;br&gt;
Er ist nur halb zu sehen,&lt;br&gt;
Und ist doch rund und schön!&lt;br&gt;
So sind wohl manche Sachen,&lt;br&gt;
Die wir getrost belachen,&lt;br&gt;
Weil uns’re Augen sie nicht seh’n.&lt;br&gt;

Wir stolze Menschenkinder&lt;br&gt;
Sind eitel arme Sünder,&lt;br&gt;
Und wissen gar nicht viel.&lt;br&gt;
Wir spinnen Luftgespinnste&lt;br&gt;
Und suchen viele Künste,&lt;br&gt;
Und kommen weiter von dem Ziel.&lt;br&gt;

Gott, lass uns dein Heil schauen,&lt;br&gt;
Auf nichts Vergänglich’s trauen,&lt;br&gt;
Nicht Eitelkeit uns freu’n!&lt;br&gt;
Lass uns einfältig werden,&lt;br&gt;
Und vor Dir hier auf Erden&lt;br&gt;
Wie Kinder fromm und fröhlich sein!&lt;br&gt;

So legt euch denn, ihr Brüder,&lt;br&gt;
In Gottes Namen nieder!&lt;br&gt;
Kalt ist der Abendhauch.&lt;br&gt;
Verschon’ uns Gott mit Strafen,&lt;br&gt;
Und lass uns ruhig schlafen,&lt;br&gt;
Und unser’n kranken Nachbar auch!&lt;br&gt; 

'''КИЧКЕ ҖЫР'''&lt;br&gt;
Аудио-видео сылтамалары:&lt;br&gt;

https://my.mail.ru/music/songs/mireille-mathieu-der-mond-ist-aufgegangen-209720acb3028056df0b777150e60f66

https://yandex.ru/video/preview/3841230331664325034

(икесе дә – Мирей Матйө башкаруында)&lt;br&gt;

https://www.schubertlied.de/en/die-lieder/abendlied-d499

Калыкты да Ай, йолдызлар,&lt;br&gt;
Яуды гүзәл алтын нурлар&lt;br&gt;
Аяз күк йөзенә.&lt;br&gt;
Дөм караңгылыкта урман,&lt;br&gt;
Һәм сихерле ап-ак томан&lt;br&gt;
Иңә болыннар түренә.&lt;br&gt;

Кичке тынлык тарафы да,&lt;br&gt;
Эңгер-меңгер япмасы да&lt;br&gt;
Күңелгә ятышлы!&lt;br&gt;
Булса дөнья имин-тымык,&lt;br&gt;
Ял иттерер, оныттырып &lt;br&gt;
Бөтен көндәлек сагышны.&lt;br&gt;

Тулган Ай йөзе – пар колач,&lt;br&gt;
Күрәбез бары яртылаш&lt;br&gt;
Йомры, гүзәл санын!&lt;br&gt;
Дөнья шундый: без белгәннең,&lt;br&gt;
Кечкентәй ул! дип көлгәннең&lt;br&gt;
Күрми күзләр арткы данын.&lt;br&gt;

4. Күр горур адәми затны –&lt;br&gt;
Нибары мескен, гөнаһлы,&lt;br&gt;
Аз белемле, кайчак надан.&lt;br&gt;
Күк кирмәннәре төзибез&lt;br&gt;
Һәм сәнгатьтә ни эзлибез,&lt;br&gt;
Тайпылып хак, туры юлдан?&lt;br&gt;

5. Ышанмыйк без фани малга,&lt;br&gt;
Тәкъва булыйк бер Ходайга,&lt;br&gt;
Масайтмыйк күңелне!&lt;br&gt;
Эчкерсез игелек кылып,&lt;br&gt;
Гомерләрне үтик, булып&lt;br&gt;
Балалар күк шат күңелле!&lt;br&gt;

Хак Тәгаләбез хакына,&lt;br&gt;
Тез чүк Аның тарафына!&lt;br&gt;
Кич салкын җил өне...&lt;br&gt;
Ярлыка безне, йа Аллам,&lt;br&gt;
Йолып ал бәла-казадан,&lt;br&gt;
Исән кыл хаста күршене!&lt;br&gt;

== '''РАБИНДРАНАТ ТАГОРДАН ТӘРҖЕМӘЛӘР''' ==

=== '''ЯРСЫ, ДАВЫЛ, АЯМА!..''' ===
'''Һиндстанның мәшһүр язучысы, шагыйре һәм сәнгатькәре Рабиндранат Тагорның 1941 елда язган иң соңгы поэмасыннан бер өзек.'''&lt;br&gt;

Ярсы, давыл, коры ботак-чатаклыкны аяма,&lt;br&gt;
Куер, яңа болыт, яусын койма яңгырлар аңа.&lt;br&gt;
Гүзәл төндә өермә су күз яшедәй коелсын,&lt;br&gt;
Узган чорның сулган төсе җәһәт кенә җуелсын.&lt;br&gt;
Язмыш “бакыйлыкка” дигән – китсен дөньядан, китсен!..&lt;br&gt;
Яңа чыпта җәйдем – өйне ямьле, күрекле итсен.
Салып ташладым өс-башны, күшеккәч юешләнеп.&lt;br&gt;
Күр, елга ташып, үзәнне су баскан үҗәтләнеп.&lt;br&gt;
Тавышым – ясмин аерчасы, очып китеп югалды,&lt;br&gt;
Гүя ахири җанымда яңа тормыш уянды.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''АТЛА ЯЛГЫЗ!''' ===
'''Рабиндранат Тагорның 1905 елда, Һиндстанда бәйсезлек өчен көрәш башланган вакытта язылган шигыре. Маһатма Ганди аны бик яратып укыган.'''&lt;br&gt;

Атла ялгыз, чакыруыңа “Юк!” дип җавап бирсәләр,&lt;br&gt;
Йә куркудан, дәшми-нитми, синнән йөз чөерсәләр, –&lt;br&gt;
Әй бичара, гакылыңны җик эшкә һәм әйт сүзең!&lt;br&gt;
Борылып китсә барчасы да, калсаң чүлдә берүзең,&lt;br&gt;
Күгән куакларын ерып, дәвам ит син юлыңны,&lt;br&gt;
Әй бичара, хак эздән бар, тамызып ал каныңны!&lt;br&gt;
Төнлә давыл котырганда, һичкем ут кабызмаса,&lt;br&gt;
Яшен сугып, авыртудан йөрәкләре сызласа,&lt;br&gt;
Каһарманнар алган юлын гел тотсын –&lt;br&gt;
Янган йөрәкләр дөньяны балкытсын!&lt;br&gt;

=== '''* * *''' ===
Килдем – якты өмет баглап, теләк итеп,&lt;br&gt;
Киттем – җиргә мәхәббәтем бүләк итеп.&lt;br&gt;
('''Рабиндранат Тагор''')&lt;br&gt;

=== '''* * *''' ===
Җилләр гөлне өзә&lt;br&gt;
юкка, моң-зар итеп:&lt;br&gt;
тузанда үлемгә&lt;br&gt;
аны дучар итеп.&lt;br&gt;
Ал син ул чәчәкне,&lt;br&gt;
кушып үр бәйләмгә,&lt;br&gt;
хәзинә-бизәкне&lt;br&gt;
җибәрмә әрәмгә.&lt;br&gt;
Мин җыр итәм бүләк –&lt;br&gt;
җырым аңлаганга,&lt;br&gt;
гөлләрне кадерләп&lt;br&gt;
тузаннан алганга.&lt;br&gt;
('''Рабиндранат Тагор''')&lt;br&gt;

== '''УРЫС ТЕЛЕННӘН ҺӘМ УРЫС ТЕЛЕНӘ ТӘРҖЕМӘЛӘР''' ==
=== '''БОГ (Аллаһ)''' ===
'''(Авторы – Гавриил Державин, 1784 елда язылган)'''&lt;br&gt;

О Ты, пространством бесконечный,&lt;br&gt;
Живый в движеньи вещества,&lt;br&gt;
Теченьем времени предвечный,&lt;br&gt;
Без лиц, в Трёх Лицах Божества!&lt;br&gt;
Дух всюду Сущий и Единый,&lt;br&gt;
Кому нет места и причины,&lt;br&gt;
Кого никто постичь не мог,&lt;br&gt;
Кто всё Собою наполняет,&lt;br&gt;
Объемлет, зиждет, сохраняет,&lt;br&gt;
Кого мы нарицаем — Бог!&lt;br&gt;

Измерить океан глубокий,&lt;br&gt;
Сочесть пески, лучи планет&lt;br&gt;
Хотя и мог бы ум высокий, —&lt;br&gt;
Тебе числа и меры нет!&lt;br&gt;
Не могут духи просвещенны,&lt;br&gt;
От света Твоего рожденны,&lt;br&gt;
Исследовать судеб Твоих:&lt;br&gt;
Лишь мысль к Тебе взнестись дерзает,&lt;br&gt;
В Твоем величьи исчезает,&lt;br&gt;
Как в вечности прошедший миг.&lt;br&gt;

Хаоса бытность довременну&lt;br&gt;
Из бездн Ты вечности воззвал,&lt;br&gt;
А вечность, прежде век рожденну,&lt;br&gt;
В Себе Самом Ты основал:&lt;br&gt;
Себя Собою составляя,&lt;br&gt;
Собою из Себя сияя,&lt;br&gt;
Ты Свет, откуда свет истек.&lt;br&gt;
Создавый всё единым словом,&lt;br&gt;
В твореньи простираясь новом,&lt;br&gt;
Ты был, Ты есть, Ты будешь ввек!&lt;br&gt;

Ты цепь существ в Себе вмещаешь,&lt;br&gt;
Её содержишь и живишь;&lt;br&gt;
Конец с началом сопрягаешь&lt;br&gt;
И смертию живот даришь.&lt;br&gt;
Как искры сыплются, стремятся,&lt;br&gt;
Так солнцы от Тебя родятся;&lt;br&gt;
Как в мразный, ясный день зимой&lt;br&gt;
Пылинки инея сверкают,&lt;br&gt;
Вратятся, зыблются, сияют,&lt;br&gt;
Так звёзды в безднах под Тобой.&lt;br&gt;

Светил возженных миллионы&lt;br&gt;
В неизмеримости текут,&lt;br&gt;
Твои они творят законы,&lt;br&gt;
Лучи животворящи льют.&lt;br&gt;
Но огненны сии лампады,&lt;br&gt;
Иль рдяных кристалей громады,&lt;br&gt;
Иль волн златых кипящий сонм,&lt;br&gt;
Или горящие эфиры,&lt;br&gt;
Иль вкупе все светящи миры —&lt;br&gt;
Перед Тобой – как ночь пред днём.&lt;br&gt;

Как капля, в море опущенна,&lt;br&gt;
Вся твердь перед Тобой сия.&lt;br&gt;
Но что мной зримая вселенна?&lt;br&gt;
И что перед Тобою я?&lt;br&gt;
В воздушном океане оном,&lt;br&gt;
Миры умножа миллионом&lt;br&gt;
Стократ других миров, – и то,&lt;br&gt;
Когда дерзну сравнить с Тобою,&lt;br&gt;
Лишь будет точкою одною:&lt;br&gt;
А я перед Тобой – ничто.&lt;br&gt;

Ничто! – Но Ты во мне сияешь&lt;br&gt;
Величеством Твоих доброт;&lt;br&gt;
Во мне Себя изображаешь,&lt;br&gt;
Как солнце в малой капле вод.&lt;br&gt;
Ничто! – Но жизнь я ощущаю,&lt;br&gt;
Несытым некаким летаю&lt;br&gt;
Всегда пареньем в высоты;&lt;br&gt;
Тебя душа моя быть чает,&lt;br&gt;
Вникает, мыслит, рассуждает:&lt;br&gt;
Я есмь – конечно, есть и Ты!&lt;br&gt;

Ты есть! – природы чин вещает,&lt;br&gt;
Гласит моё мне сердце то,&lt;br&gt;
Меня мой разум уверяет,&lt;br&gt;
Ты есть – и я уж не ничто!&lt;br&gt;
Частица целой я Вселенной,&lt;br&gt;
Поставлен, мнится мне, в почтенной&lt;br&gt;
Средине естества я той,&lt;br&gt;
Где кончил тварей Ты телесных,&lt;br&gt;
Где начал Ты духов небесных&lt;br&gt;
И цепь существ связал всех мной.&lt;br&gt;

Я связь миров, повсюду сущих,&lt;br&gt;
Я крайня степень вещества;&lt;br&gt;
Я средоточие живущих,&lt;br&gt;
Черта начальна Божества;&lt;br&gt;
Я телом в прахе истлеваю,&lt;br&gt;
Умом громам повелеваю,&lt;br&gt;
Я царь – я раб – я червь – я бог!&lt;br&gt;
Но, будучи я столь чудесен,&lt;br&gt;
Отколе происшел? – безвестен;&lt;br&gt;
А сам собой я быть не мог.&lt;br&gt;

Твое созданье я, Создатель!&lt;br&gt;
Твоей премудрости я тварь,&lt;br&gt;
Источник жизни, благ Податель,&lt;br&gt;
Душа души моей и Царь!&lt;br&gt;
Твоей то правде нужно было,&lt;br&gt;
Чтоб смертну бездну преходило&lt;br&gt;
Мое бессмертно бытие;&lt;br&gt;
Чтоб дух мой в смертность облачился&lt;br&gt;
И чтоб чрез смерть я возвратился,&lt;br&gt;
Отец! – в бессмертие Твое.&lt;br&gt;

Неизъяснимый, Непостижный!&lt;br&gt;
Я знаю, что души моей&lt;br&gt;
Воображении бессильны&lt;br&gt;
И тени начертать Твоей;&lt;br&gt;
Но если славословить должно,&lt;br&gt;
То слабым смертным невозможно&lt;br&gt;
Тебя ничем иным почтить,&lt;br&gt;
Как им к Тебе лишь возвышаться,&lt;br&gt;
В безмерной разности теряться&lt;br&gt;
И благодарны слёзы лить.&lt;br&gt;

'''АЛЛАҺ'''&lt;br&gt;
'''(Гавриил Державиннан)'''&lt;br&gt;

Иксез-чиксез иркенлектә,&lt;br&gt;
Тереклегең − хәрәкәттә,&lt;br&gt;
Яшәешең − мәңгелектә,&lt;br&gt;
Илаһи зат күп халәттә, −&lt;br&gt;
Һәр җирдә хәй һәм бердәмсең,&lt;br&gt;
Урын-сәбәпсез күркәмсең,&lt;br&gt;
Һичкем түгел Сиңа тиң-таман,&lt;br&gt;
Барысын да Үзең иңлисең,&lt;br&gt;
Урап, саклап, кадерлисең,&lt;br&gt;
Аллаһ – Синең бөек атамаң!&lt;br&gt;

Океаннар тирәнлеген,&lt;br&gt;
Комнар санын, нур күләмен&lt;br&gt;
Барлый ала акыл бүген, −&lt;br&gt;
Ә Синең юк бер үлчәмең!&lt;br&gt;
Синең нурыңнан туганнар,&lt;br&gt;
Рухыңнан гариф булганнар –&lt;br&gt;
Гамәлләрең кятибе түгел:&lt;br&gt;
Уй-хыяллар Сиңа аша,&lt;br&gt;
Бөеклегеңә яраша −&lt;br&gt;
Мәңгелектә эри һәр мизгел.&lt;br&gt;

Хаосны, вакыт элгәрен,&lt;br&gt;
Бакый төпкеленнән алдың;&lt;br&gt;
Мәңгелекне итеп җәлеп,&lt;br&gt;
Син үзеңдә нигез салдың.&lt;br&gt;
Үзең белән үзең кордың,&lt;br&gt;
Үз нурыңнан балкып тордың,&lt;br&gt;
Нур чишмәсе Син иң-иң элек.&lt;br&gt;
Бер сүз белән яралдырып,&lt;br&gt;
Бар яңаны иҗат кылып,&lt;br&gt;
Булдың, бар бүген, Син – мәңгелек!&lt;br&gt;

Тереклек чылбырын ипләп,&lt;br&gt;
Асрап тәрбия итәсең;&lt;br&gt;
Башын-очын тәгаенләп,&lt;br&gt;
Мәрттән яшәү җиткерәсең.&lt;br&gt;
Очкын очкыннарны куа −&lt;br&gt;
Һәм кояшлар Синнән туа.&lt;br&gt;
Аяз суык көндә боз һәм кар,&lt;br&gt;
Бәс тузаны сыман елгыр −&lt;br&gt;
Җемелдәшә ялтыр-йолтыр&lt;br&gt;
Синең хозурыңда йолдызлар.&lt;br&gt;

Үлчәмсезлектә бер агым:&lt;br&gt;
Миллион якты җисем бара,&lt;br&gt;
Кануннарың хаклылыгын&lt;br&gt;
Терек нурында сугара.&lt;br&gt;
Якты утлы лампадалар&lt;br&gt;
Гүя алсу кристалл таулар −&lt;br&gt;
Алтын дулкын чөйгән бер күбек.&lt;br&gt;
Ургып-дөрләп янган эфир,&lt;br&gt;
Нурга чумган Галәм һәм Җир −&lt;br&gt;
Көн каршында бары төн кебек.&lt;br&gt;

Диңгезгә тамган тамчы күк,&lt;br&gt;
Каты катлам алларыңда;&lt;br&gt;
Ни ул – мин күргән галәм-күк,&lt;br&gt;
Һәм мин үзем – Син барында?&lt;br&gt;
Яулап һава-океаннарны,&lt;br&gt;
Миллионлап дөньяларны,&lt;br&gt;
Иш итмәмен Сиңа барысын да:&lt;br&gt;
Тиң булмаслар Синең белән,&lt;br&gt;
Бөтенесе – нокта, беләм,&lt;br&gt;
Мин дә бер юк нәрсә каршыңда.&lt;br&gt;

Әмма миндә Синең агыла&lt;br&gt;
Игелегеңнең гыйззәте,&lt;br&gt;
Бер тамчы суда күк чагыла&lt;br&gt;
Кояшлы йөзең сурәте.&lt;br&gt;
Һәм дә мин тормышны тоям,&lt;br&gt;
Канат кагып туймый очам,&lt;br&gt;
Татып күк гөмбәзе тарлыгын.&lt;br&gt;
Минем җаным Сине сөя,&lt;br&gt;
Уйлана ул, фикер чөя:&lt;br&gt;
Мин – бар! Шиксез Синең барлыгың!&lt;br&gt;

“Син бар!” − диеп, хаклый хакың&lt;br&gt;
Йөрәк тибешемнән күңел,&lt;br&gt;
Раслый төпченүле акыл:&lt;br&gt;
“Син бар – мин юк нәрсә түгел!”&lt;br&gt;
Мин – Галәмнең бер өлеше,&lt;br&gt;
Синең сайлау миңа төште –&lt;br&gt;
Изге чиккә Син мине куйдың:&lt;br&gt;
Монда бетә җанварларың&lt;br&gt;
Һәм башлана рух-җаннарың,&lt;br&gt;
Миннән шунда Син ялгау койдың.&lt;br&gt;

Һәр төштә мин җир терәге,&lt;br&gt;
Матдәнең җитлеккән очы,&lt;br&gt;
Тормыш мәгънәсе үзәге,&lt;br&gt;
Илаһилык башлангычы.&lt;br&gt;
Тәнем чери, көлгә китә,&lt;br&gt;
Акыл яшеннәргә әйтә:&lt;br&gt;
“Мин патша – кол,&lt;br&gt;
Мин корт – алламын!”&lt;br&gt;
Булсам да шундый могҗиза,&lt;br&gt;
“Кайдан мин?” – дип, чигәм иза;&lt;br&gt;
Үзлегемнән ич булалмамын!&lt;br&gt;

Син бар иткән җимешеңмен,&lt;br&gt;
Акыл, кодрәт йөзек кашы,&lt;br&gt;
Яшәү көчем, Игелеклем,&lt;br&gt;
Җаным җаны һәм Патшасы!&lt;br&gt;
Хакың хаклауга ирешкән,&lt;br&gt;
Үлем төпсезлеген кичкән&lt;br&gt;
Үлемсез яшәү үзлегем дә;&lt;br&gt;
Фани киеме кисәмче,&lt;br&gt;
Үлем аша ирешсәмче,&lt;br&gt;
Аллаһым! үлемсезлегеңә.&lt;br&gt;

Аңлатып-төшенеп булмас!&lt;br&gt;
Беләм җаным теләгәнне −&lt;br&gt;
Күз алдына китералмас&lt;br&gt;
Ул да Синең күләгәңне.&lt;br&gt;
Ләкин Сине данлар өчен,&lt;br&gt;
Фаниларның хакы, көче,&lt;br&gt;
Ирешү әмәле дә юк түгел:&lt;br&gt;
Синең катка юл аласы,&lt;br&gt;
Тарафыңда югаласы,&lt;br&gt;
Рәхмәтле күз яшьләре түгеп...&lt;br&gt;

'''Гавриил Роман улы Державин – урыс халкының бөек әдибе, хәзерге заман урыс теленә һәм әдәбиятына нигез салучыларның берсе, Александр Пушкинга олы иҗат фатихасы биргән, нәселендә татар каны да булган остаз. Аның “Бог” исемле мәдхиясен татар теленә Ренат Харис тәрҗемә иткән иде. Әлбәттә, тиңдәшсез төгәл итеп, тирәннән-тирән эчтәлеген һәм бөтен илаһи мәгънәләрен саклап калган монументаль әсәр рәвешендә. Моның өчен күренекле халык шагыйребез шигырь үлчәмен 12х12 итеп зурайтырга мәҗбүр булган.'''&lt;br&gt;
'''Биредә бу шигырьнең сәхнәдән уку өчен бераз “җиңеләйтелгән”, Гавриил Державинның үз шигъри үлчәменә якынайтылган (8х8 һәм 8х9) һәм “дога кебек укыла торган” тәрҗемәсе.'''&lt;br&gt;

=== '''СӨЙЛӘШИК МӘХӘББӘТ ХАКЫНДА''' ===
(Гөлнәфидә шигыре)&lt;br&gt;

Сөйләшик Мәхәббәт хакында&lt;br&gt;
Туачак ал таңнар хакына.&lt;br&gt;
Сүзләрдән мәрҗәннәр тезсәк тә,&lt;br&gt;
Калдырыйк моң итеп йөрәктә.&lt;br&gt;

Чәчәкләр патшасы гөленнән&lt;br&gt;
Таҗ үреп кигерттең башыма,&lt;br&gt;
Чәчләрне чәчләргә бәйләгән&lt;br&gt;
Саф кояш нурлары каршында.&lt;br&gt;

Бу төстә – яшәүнең, тормышның&lt;br&gt;
Иң бөек югары ноктасы.&lt;br&gt;
Моң булып сарылдың җаныма&lt;br&gt;
Җиткәндә гомернең уртасы.&lt;br&gt;

'''ГОВОРИТЬ О ЛЮБВИ ВПОРУ ВНОВЬ'''&lt;br&gt;
Говорить о любви впору вновь&lt;br&gt;
Ради будущей нашей зари.&lt;br&gt;
Так построим жемчужины слов,&lt;br&gt;
Для мелодий сердца отворив.&lt;br&gt;

Из царя ты цветов сплёл виток&lt;br&gt;
И на голову мне возложил,&lt;br&gt;
Чтоб из солнца лучей тот венок&lt;br&gt;
Нам единую долю сложил.&lt;br&gt;

В той короне – клубок наших сил&lt;br&gt;
В середине земного бытья.&lt;br&gt;
Ты мелодией душу обвил,&lt;br&gt;
Озарив благозвучьем меня.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''БОГА НЕ ВИДНО, НО Я ЕГО ВИЖУ (Күз уңында булмаса да...)''' ===
'''(Дмитрий Кравченко)'''&lt;br&gt;

Бога не видно, но я его вижу:&lt;br&gt;
в зрелости яблок, в спелости вишен,&lt;br&gt;
в ливне и стуже и в красках заката.&lt;br&gt;
Бога не видно – он где-то за кадром:&lt;br&gt;
в детской улыбке и в маминых фразах,&lt;br&gt;
и рассыпаясь любовью по вазам,&lt;br&gt;
Бог говорит с нашим миром цветами.&lt;br&gt;
Бога не видно, и видно не станет.&lt;br&gt;
В дальних поездках и командировках,&lt;br&gt;
в легких касаниях, нежных и робких,&lt;br&gt;
в боли, в надежде и в маленьком шансе&lt;br&gt;
Бога не видно? О, не соглашайтесь!&lt;br&gt;
Бог открывает для каждого двери.&lt;br&gt;
Те, кто не верил – однажды поверят.&lt;br&gt;
Даже сейчас, атеистам в отместку,&lt;br&gt;
ставленным голосом с этого места&lt;br&gt;
Бог говорит с вами мной через вирши.&lt;br&gt;
Бога не видно, но я его вижу. &lt;br&gt;

'''КҮЗ УҢЫНДА БУЛМАСА ДА...'''&lt;br&gt;
'''(Дмитрий Кравченкодан)'''&lt;br&gt;

Күз уңында булмаса да, мин Аллаһым белән:&lt;br&gt;
Аның алма-чияләрне өлгерткәнен беләм;&lt;br&gt;
Ул – коеп яуган яңгырда, зәмһәрир суыкта,&lt;br&gt;
Ул, алсу төсләргә кереп, балкыйдыр офыкта.&lt;br&gt;
Аллаһ күзгә һич күренми – чынбарлык эчендә:&lt;br&gt;
Ул бала елмаюында, әниең сүзендә,&lt;br&gt;
Сөю гөле күк утыра чүлмәк өсләрендә,&lt;br&gt;
Чәчәк итеп тарата Ул сөю хисләрен дә.&lt;br&gt;
Ул күренми, күз талдырып баксаң, пәйда булмас,&lt;br&gt;
Читтә йөрсәң әмма, үзен һич сиздерми калмас.&lt;br&gt;
Ул кыюсыз бер гашыйкның сөеп назлавында,&lt;br&gt;
Әрнү-сызланулар катыш өмет баглавында.&lt;br&gt;
Аллаһ күренмиме? Юк-юк, һич ризалашмагыз! –&lt;br&gt;
Аның әмереннән ачык бар ишек-капкагыз.&lt;br&gt;
Элек ышанмаганнар да читтә калмас инде:&lt;br&gt;
Менә хәзер дә Аллаһым, әр итеп дәһрине,&lt;br&gt;
Үз тарафына чакыра шигырь аша мине.&lt;br&gt;
Барлыгына мин инанам, берлеген мин беләм,&lt;br&gt;
Күз уңында булмаса да, Аллаһымны күрәм!&lt;br&gt;

'''Дмитрий Кравченко – урыс телендә иҗат итүче, 2026 елда 35 яшен тутырган шагыйрь, язучы, драматург, театр һәм кино  актёры.'''&lt;br&gt;

=== '''КҮПМЕ СУЛАР АККАН... (Веками дули ветры и струились воды…)''' ===
'''(Гөлнәфидә Лопанова-Миңнәхмәтева)'''&lt;br&gt;

Дәвер җиле исеп, күпме сулар аккан,&lt;br&gt;
Җирдә яшәп, күккә күпме җаннар ашкан...&lt;br&gt;
Килеп бер көн, без дә шунда юнәлербез,&lt;br&gt;
Киек Каз юлында күздән югалырбыз.&lt;br&gt;

Дәвер җиле исеп, күпме сулар аккан,&lt;br&gt;
Безгә кадәр дә бит гөлләр чәчәк аткан,&lt;br&gt;
Көзен киткән кошлар язын кабат кайткан,&lt;br&gt;
Соңгы кырау төшеп, җиргә ак кар яткан.&lt;br&gt;

Дәвер җиле исеп, күпме сулар аккан,&lt;br&gt;
Исәпләсәң, кеше күпме учак яккан.&lt;br&gt;
Бездән соң да тормыш җырын дәвам итәр&lt;br&gt;,
Мәңгелеккә йөрәк бәхилләшеп китәр.&lt;br&gt;

'''ВЕКАМИ ДУЛИ ВЕТРЫ И СТРУИЛИСЬ ВОДЫ…'''&lt;br&gt;

Веками дули ветры и струились воды,&lt;br&gt;
Пройдя свой путь, шли в вечность люди и народы…&lt;br&gt;
Настанет день и наш ‒ в лазурь небес взойти,&lt;br&gt;
Чтоб скрыться в мириадах Млечного Пути.&lt;br&gt;

Веками дули ветры и струились воды,&lt;br&gt;
Цвели всегда тюльпаны, незабудки, розы,&lt;br&gt;
Извечен был возврат всех перелётных птиц,&lt;br&gt;
И после холодов снег первый падал вниз.&lt;br&gt;

Веками дули ветры и струились воды,&lt;br&gt;
Шли предки сквозь своей судьбы стремнины, броды.&lt;br&gt;
Пусть песня мира не прервётся после нас,&lt;br&gt;
И в вечности звучит Творца нетленный глас.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''КҮК ГӨМБӘЗЕН ЯҢГЫРАТТЫ ҖАН АВАЗЫҢ''' ===
'''(Под сводом неба прозвучал твой глас души)'''&gt;&lt;br&gt;
('''Гөлнәфидә Лопанова-Миңнәхмәтева''')&lt;br&gt;

– Күк гөмбәзен яңгыратты җан авазың,&lt;br&gt;
Сагыш уты җанны телә ямансулап.&lt;br&gt;
Соңга калып килгән булсам, кичерә күр:&lt;br&gt;
Юлым узды язмыш кырын кабат урап.&lt;br&gt;

¬Бар җиһанның мал-мөлкәтен бергә җыеп,&lt;br&gt;
Алтын таулар вәгъдә итеп, җанны кыеп...&lt;br&gt;
Каршы җилләр иссәләр дә, бер мизгелгә&lt;br&gt;
Мин барыбер сиңа киләм: “Саумы!” – диеп.&lt;br&gt;

Йөрәк нечкә-нәзек кылдан үрелгәндер,&lt;br&gt;
Күзләремнән энҗе яшьләр түгеләдер.&lt;br&gt;
Гасыр үтеп, килдем, иркәм, яннарыңа,&lt;br&gt;
Күңел кошың булып калыйм яннарыңда.&lt;br&gt;

'''ПОД СВОДОМ НЕБА ПРОЗВУЧАЛ ТВОЙ ГЛАС ДУШИ...'''&lt;br&gt;

– Под сводом неба прозвучал твой глас души…&lt;br&gt;
О, если с опозданием пришёл, прости….&lt;br&gt;
Огонь тоски терзает душу смурью мне&lt;br&gt;
В попытках тщетных обойти судьбу извне...&lt;br&gt;

Собрав всё скопом состояние вселенной,&lt;br&gt;
О золотых горах терзаясь скорбью бренной…&lt;br&gt;
В одно мгновенье, хоть дуют ветры встреч,&lt;br&gt;
Я всё равно приду к тебе – Любовь сберечь!&lt;br&gt;

Из струн тончайших наши сотканы сердца…&lt;br&gt;
Скатилась по щеке жемчужиной слеза…&lt;br&gt;
Прошёл весь век, я рядом, у судьбы своей, –&lt;br&gt;
Чтоб пташка райская жила в душе твоей.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''АК КҮГӘРЧЕН (Белый голубь)''' ===
('''Гөлнәфидә Лопанова-Миңнәхмәтева''')&lt;br&gt;

Йөргән юлым борма-сырмалы,&lt;br&gt;
Ай һәм Кояш яктырта аны.&lt;br&gt;
…Ак күгәрчен, кунып иңемә,&lt;br&gt;
Тартты колактагы алканы.&lt;br&gt;

‒ Ошый икән, бүләк итәрмен,&lt;br&gt;
Тик йолкыма колак итләрем!&lt;br&gt;
‒ Шаярттым ич!.. ‒ дип ул гөрләде,&lt;br&gt;
Очып китте, бүләк көтмәде:&lt;br&gt;

‒ Җырың булсын бүләк, ялгышма,&lt;br&gt;
Дусларыңа аны багышла! ‒&lt;br&gt;
Гаип булды кинәт күгәрчен&lt;br&gt;
Ай-йолдызлы зәңгәр балкышта.&lt;br&gt;

Бер йолдызлык сипте нурларын ‒&lt;br&gt;
Күрдем күктә пәйда булганын!&lt;br&gt;
Бар барлыгым биләп, сихри нур&lt;br&gt;
Чыңлаттырды күңелем кылларын.&lt;br&gt;

Күңел төпкелемне моң били ‒&lt;br&gt;
Чишмә суы кебек челтери.&lt;br&gt;
Ак күгәрчен кайтты кабаттан,&lt;br&gt;
Хикмәт илә гөр-гөр гөрелди:&lt;br&gt;

‒ Йөрәк сүзең көйгә салынды! ‒&lt;br&gt;
Тавышы назлы аның, ягымлы. ‒&lt;br&gt;
Әйдә минем белән күкләргә,&lt;br&gt;
Күр тереклек иткән ягымны!&lt;br&gt;

‒ Ак күгәрчен! Мең-мең рәхмәтем:&lt;br&gt;
Күңел гөлләремә җан өрдең!&lt;br&gt;
Табигатьтән өстен көчләрдән&lt;br&gt;
Рух көрлеген миңа җиткердең.&lt;br&gt;

...Олы юллар ‒ килер иркенә.&lt;br&gt;
Гөләпләрдән хуш ис бөркелә,&lt;br&gt;
Таҗларыннан күңелем түренә&lt;br&gt;
Илаһи нур балкып сирпелә.&lt;br&gt;

'''БЕЛЫЙ ГОЛУБЬ'''&lt;br&gt;
Извилиста судьбы моей стезя,&lt;br&gt;
Луна и Солнце дарят ей свой свет.&lt;br&gt;
…Вот белый голубь, на плечо склонясь,&lt;br&gt;
Вдруг клюнул на моих ушах бусет.&lt;br&gt;

‒ Понравилась серьга? Бери, дарю,&lt;br&gt;
Не дёргай только мочку уха, вот!&lt;br&gt;
‒ Так в шутку ж я!.. Ведь красоту храню&lt;br&gt;
В душе моей! ‒ Взлетел он, и с высот:&lt;br&gt;

‒ Пусть песня станет даром, и воспой&lt;br&gt;
Её ты, посвятив друзьям и мне! ‒&lt;br&gt;
Воскликнул голубь, скрывшись за Луной,&lt;br&gt;
Средь звёзд в сияющей голубизне.&lt;br&gt;

Вот в небесах зажглась созвездий новь ‒&lt;br&gt;
Любви и Вечности напев звучит.&lt;br&gt;
Волшебный свет проник мне в плоть и кровь,&lt;br&gt;
Звенят во мне и струны всей души.&lt;br&gt;

И в песне той ‒ суть, вся моя любовь,&lt;br&gt;
Родник из сердца глубины она.&lt;br&gt;
Вернулся белый голубь мой, и вновь ‒&lt;br&gt;
Елеем для души вся речь полна:&lt;br&gt;

‒ Твой сердца зов мелодию обрёл,&lt;br&gt;
И песней нежной я её спою!&lt;br&gt;
Взлети со мной ты в небо, как орёл,&lt;br&gt;
Узри обитель красоты мою!&lt;br&gt;

‒ О голубь мой! Как благодарна я:&lt;br&gt;
Цветы души моей ты оживил!&lt;br&gt;
От Высших сил природы всей в меня&lt;br&gt;
Живительную воду духа влил.&lt;br&gt;

…Во власти будущего ‒ все пути.&lt;br&gt;
Тюльпанов ароматом дышит лес,&lt;br&gt;
Из лепестков цветы льют в глубь души &lt;br&gt;
Божественные промени* Небес.&lt;br&gt;
* '''промени ‒ лучи'''&lt;br&gt;

=== '''ТОРМЫШ ЮЛЫ (Дорога жизни)''' ===
('''АкКойрык''')

Аллаһ каршына илтүче изгелек юлы бик тар.&lt;br&gt;
Иблис-мәлгуньне җиңүнең бер генә ысулы бар:&lt;br&gt;
Көчең җитсә, һич юл бирмә, аяк терәп каршы тор,&lt;br&gt;
Тарафдарларны, халкыңны аңа таба каршы бор.&lt;br&gt;
Иман нуры яктысында иблис дәрманы китәр,&lt;br&gt;
Авызлыклап тота белсәң, ул сиңа хезмәт итәр.&lt;br&gt;
Хәлдән тайса көрәштәшләр һәм  сирәгәйсә сафлар,&lt;br&gt;
Вәсвәсәләргә бирелеп, хыянәт итсә дуслар,&lt;br&gt;
Комачаулама аларга, намусыңны гел сакла,&lt;br&gt;
Булачак кискен көрәшкә яңа тарафлар тупла.&lt;br&gt;
Акылсызлык, башбаштаклык теләгәнен эшләсен,&lt;br&gt;
Чистартсын синең мохитне, мөртәтләрне чүпләсен.&lt;br&gt;
Фани булгач ошбу дөнья, Хак тәгалә юлында&lt;br&gt;
Була алмый һич мәңгелек хөррият тә, золым да.&lt;br&gt;
Яралгысында золымның бар һәлакәт орлыгы:&lt;br&gt;
Гайрәтлерәк була барса, якыная хурлыгы.&lt;br&gt;
Золым белән көрәшкәндә юк фетнәнең кирәге –&lt;br&gt;
Һәркемнең үз яссылыгы, һәркемнең үз мәсләге.&lt;br&gt;
Узалмассың явызлыкта явызлыкны син һич тә –&lt;br&gt;
Утын өстәп торсаң утка, өстәлә аңа көч тә.&lt;br&gt;
Шайтаннарның таянычы — күпчелек  белән тизлек,&lt;br&gt;
Эзлеклелек һәм затлылык — Тәңре яраткан үзлек.&lt;br&gt;
Тормыш һәрчак дәвам итәр, Җирдән иман китмәсә,&lt;br&gt;
Юк аның үлем ноктасы, Кыямәт көн җитмәсә.&lt;br&gt;
Изге-явыз комарында без ирешкән нәтиҗә –&lt;br&gt;
Мәңгелеккә юл алганда  хаклы дәлил, тәҗрибә.&lt;br&gt;
Дөнья өчен дип тапканың бу дөньяда кала бит,&lt;br&gt;
Фидаиләр мәңгелектә үлемсезлек ала бит.&lt;br&gt;
Булмый тормыш тәгәрмәчен туктатып йә тизләтеп,&lt;br&gt;
Һичберкем Галәм Канунын яза алмый үзгәртеп!&lt;br&gt;
Һәм иблисне авызлыклап булмый һич канун белән –&lt;br&gt;
Туена икейөзле хаин-мәлгунь каны  белән.&lt;br&gt;
Иблиснең бөтен гәүдәсе тирәндә, җәһәннәмдә,&lt;br&gt;
Суыргыч-капшавычлары без гөнаһлы адәмдә.&lt;br&gt;
Яшидер ул азык итеп безләр кылган шомлыкны;&lt;br&gt;
Чыгар тамчы-тамчы кысып җаныңдагы бушлыкны,&lt;br&gt;
Корыт тамырын иблиснең һәм киптер бозык канын –&lt;br&gt;
Хак Тәгалә хозурында ясарсың тугры адым.&lt;br&gt;
Кыл изге гамәл, дөньядан киткәнче уйлан, эзлән,&lt;br&gt;
Җиңү-җиңелү мәгънәсен дөрес аңларга өйрән.&lt;br&gt;
'''5-8 август, 1993 ел'''&lt;br&gt;

'''ДОРОГА ЖИЗНИ'''&lt;br&gt;
К Престолу Бога путь всегда тернист:&lt;br&gt;
К Нему отыщет узкую тропинку&lt;br&gt;
Лишь кто душой и помыслами чист,&lt;br&gt;
Кто бережёт в себе Творца искринку.&lt;br&gt;
Наскоки  сатаны прочь отвергай&lt;br&gt;
И в меру сил одолевай невзгоды,&lt;br&gt;
К души порывам ближних убеждай&lt;br&gt;
Во имя Бога, Истины, Свободы.&lt;br&gt;
Единство, лад, согласие в делах –&lt;br&gt;
Вот средства против сатанинской скверны,&lt;br&gt;
Покуда держишь крепко в удилах,&lt;br&gt;
И сатана — слуга, но лицемерный!&lt;br&gt;
Ничто не вечно: выбьются из сил –&lt;br&gt;
Соратников  шеренги поредеют,&lt;br&gt;
Изменят те, кто клятву приносил, –&lt;br&gt;
Соблазны жизни краткой одолеют.&lt;br&gt;
Невмочь сдержать зло — отступи, терпи,&lt;br&gt;
Но сбереги в самом себе ты Бога,&lt;br&gt;
К борьбе за Веру падших подними –&lt;br&gt;
Вновь предстоит нелёгкая дорога!&lt;br&gt;
Неверные средь мутных сгинут волн — &lt;br&gt;
Очистится Земля  от зыбкой скверны;&lt;br&gt;
Поток безумия и произвол&lt;br&gt;
Вреда не причинят нам, правоверным.&lt;br&gt;
Восстанем  мы — как скалы средь пучин,&lt;br&gt;
Как маяки под сенью небосвода,&lt;br&gt;
Нам с Богом для унынья нет причин:&lt;br&gt;
Ярмо не вечно — так же, как свобода.&lt;br&gt;
Никто Величья Бога не оспорит!&lt;br&gt;
И тёмной силе не объять всего –&lt;br&gt;
Зерно погибели в зародыше её:&lt;br&gt;
Лихая удаль только крах ускорит.&lt;br&gt;
Без помощи Творца успехи мнимы,&lt;br&gt;
В борьбе со злом нужды в интригах нет;&lt;br&gt;
Дорога Жизни широка, но след&lt;br&gt;
У каждого здесь свой, неповторимый.&lt;br&gt;
Навал и суета — удел лишь сатаны:&lt;br&gt;
Обета лживого торопит бренность;&lt;br&gt;
Идущим к вечности, как  факелы, даны&lt;br&gt;
Надёжность, качество и постепенность!&lt;br&gt;
Пока на Вере зиждется наш Дом,&lt;br&gt;
Любовь Творца укроет нас как прежде;&lt;br&gt;
Господь свершит наш путь Страшным Судом,&lt;br&gt;
Когда погаснет в душах луч Надежды.&lt;br&gt;
Истории и судеб колесо&lt;br&gt;
Ускорить иль замедлить невозможно,&lt;br&gt;
Закон Творца священен и весом –&lt;br&gt;
Не заменить его обетом  ложным!&lt;br&gt;
И Тьмы со Светом в той  борьбе вотще&lt;br&gt;
Победы миг — мираж, пусть кровью добыт!&lt;br&gt;
Земных страданий  оттиски в душе –&lt;br&gt;
Для вечной жизни  обретенный опыт.&lt;br&gt;
И всё, что в мире бренном раб достиг,&lt;br&gt;
Его наследникам лишь для услады;&lt;br&gt;
Ценою жизни — тот счастливый миг&lt;br&gt;
Преодоленья  вечности преграды.&lt;br&gt;
Лишь праведный богоугодный труд&lt;br&gt;
Вернет покой душе и счастье Дому,&lt;br&gt;
Скитания земного каждый круг –&lt;br&gt;
Дорогой Жизни верный шаг к Престолу.&lt;br&gt;
Твори добро и путь свой отыщи,&lt;br&gt;
В раздумьях о Творце найди отраду;&lt;br&gt;
Потерь и обретений труд души –&lt;br&gt;
Итог всей жизни и залог Награды.&lt;br&gt;
'''8-10 августа 1993 года'''&lt;br&gt;

=== '''ЯҢА ДУМА ТАКМАКЛАРЫ (Новая Дума)''' ===
('''АкКойрык''')&lt;br&gt;

Тәрәзәләргә ут капса,&lt;br&gt;
ачып җибәр ишекне;&lt;br&gt;
юньле Дума, гадел патша –&lt;br&gt;
хыял назлый мужикны.&lt;br&gt;

Сүз боткасы ашатырга&lt;br&gt;
булды Мәскәү Думалы;&lt;br&gt;
җиңел куып таратырга –&lt;br&gt;
вәкаләте чамалы.&lt;br&gt;

Бик күпләрең Себер китәр,&lt;br&gt;
“либерал”ны котыртсаң,&lt;br&gt;
алтын богаулар киярсең,&lt;br&gt;
муеныңа утыртсаң.&lt;br&gt;

Әнә килә Жириновский –&lt;br&gt;
бөек дәүләт батыры,&lt;br&gt;
тавышы яңа, җыры иске –&lt;br&gt;
хурлык булыр ахыры.&lt;br&gt;

Патша йөри урам буйлап,&lt;br&gt;
нигә ачык изүе?  –&lt;br&gt;
Йә тагын бер кат “җиңүе”,&lt;br&gt;
йә тәхеттән төшүе!...&lt;br&gt;

Арзан Дума – очсыз халык,&lt;br&gt;
хуҗасызлык дәүләте...&lt;br&gt;
Кайчан бетәр аңгыралык,&lt;br&gt;
мисезлек галәмәте?&lt;br&gt;
'''март, 1994 ел'''

'''НОВАЯ ДУМА'''&lt;br&gt;
('''частушки, вольный перевод с добавлениями''')&lt;br&gt;

В Думе-думушке престольной&lt;br&gt;
подают к обеду рис,&lt;br&gt;
трижды крикнут “Смирно!”, “Вольно!”,&lt;br&gt;
а потом и – “Разойдись!”&lt;br&gt;

Наша Дума мировая,&lt;br&gt;
на деревне как плетень:&lt;br&gt;
руки-ноги обдирая,&lt;br&gt;
лезут все, кому не лень.&lt;br&gt;

Двадцать пять – и депутат! –&lt;br&gt;
Вот дешёвенький мандат.&lt;br&gt;
Ни к чему нам крупный счёт,&lt;br&gt;
если с гулькин хер почёт...&lt;br&gt;

Что-то дымом потянуло,&lt;br&gt;
вдруг пожар, будь начеку!&lt;br&gt;
...Добрый царь с путёвой Думой&lt;br&gt;
всё же снятся мужику.&lt;br&gt;

Жириновский безоглядно&lt;br&gt;
обещания всем даёт,&lt;br&gt;
хриплым голосом надсадно&lt;br&gt;
и “по Геббельсу” поёт:&lt;br&gt;

“Наклони головку низко,&lt;br&gt;
чтоб златых цепей надеть,&lt;br&gt;
даль Чукотки станет близкой,&lt;br&gt;
коль посадишь на хребет”.&lt;br&gt;

Против мира в одиночку,&lt;br&gt;
ты куда, Володя, прёшь?&lt;br&gt;
Впрочем, ты и с дёгтем в бочке&lt;br&gt;
от стыда ведь не помрёшь...&lt;br&gt;

Лихо правит “демократ”:&lt;br&gt;
до базара и назад.&lt;br&gt;
Нету больше сил бежать,&lt;br&gt;
остается “побеждать”.&lt;br&gt;

Победили на равнине,&lt;br&gt;
победим мы и в горах,&lt;br&gt;
сохраним Чечню, всех прочих&lt;br&gt;
мы разгоним в пух и прах!&lt;br&gt;

Кто-то пользуется всласть&lt;br&gt;
благами всевластия;&lt;br&gt;
катастрофой может стать&lt;br&gt;
эта катавасия!&lt;br&gt;
'''март 1994 года'''&lt;br&gt;

=== '''ФАТИХАСЫЗ КЕШЕ ЮЛГА ЧЫКМАС''' ===
('''Гөлнәфидә шигыре, “Мәхәббәт гөлләре яралсын!” китабыннан''')&lt;br&gt;

Хак-дөреслек көтмәгәндә килеп,&lt;br&gt;
Җанны салып ялкынлы утка,&lt;br&gt;
Көлдәй коеп, җилдә ул тузгыта&lt;br&gt;
Йә булмаса күккә очырта.&lt;br&gt;

Сынарга дип тәкъдир-язмышыңны,&lt;br&gt;
Вәсвәсәләндермә җаныңны.&lt;br&gt;
Хәсрәтеңнән сөрлегеп егылсаң,&lt;br&gt;
Күрсәтмәскә тырыш яшеңне.&lt;br&gt;

Бәхет кошы таң аттырып сайрый,&lt;br&gt;
Җан иркендә курку булмаса.&lt;br&gt;
Газапланырсың тик, каурый каләм&lt;br&gt;
Әйтер сүзең аңлый алмаса.&lt;br&gt;

Фатихасыз кеше юлга чыкмас,&lt;br&gt;
Хөсетлегә Ходай юл салмас.&lt;br&gt;
Мөстәкыйльлек фикере булмаган&lt;br&gt;
Авыз ачып сүзен әйталмас!&lt;br&gt;

'''БЕЗ БЛАГОСЛОВЕНЬЯ НЕТ ДОРОГИ'''&lt;br&gt;
Истина, придя внезапно, мельком&lt;br&gt;
Бросив душу в огненный бедлам,&lt;br&gt;
Сеет пепел, развевая ветром,&lt;br&gt;
Или же возносит к небесам.&lt;br&gt;

Нет, не искушай ты душу сгорбив,&lt;br&gt;
Испытав судьбу во власти грёз.&lt;br&gt;
А споткнувшись, ниц упав от скорби,&lt;br&gt;
Попытайся не пролить и слёз.&lt;br&gt;

Птица счастья песней будит зори,&lt;br&gt;
Если страха нет в душе твоей.&lt;br&gt;
Избежишь ли мук, душевной хвори,&lt;br&gt;
Коль перо отвергнет смысл речей?&lt;br&gt;

Без Благословенья нет дороги,&lt;br&gt;
Бог завистливым не явит путь.&lt;br&gt;
Вольной мысли же презрев, двуногий&lt;br&gt;
Не откроет рта – вот жизни суть!&lt;br&gt;

== '''ХӘТЕРДӘН ҖУЕЛМАС МИЗГЕЛЛӘР''' ==
('''Бу язма 2024 елда аерым китап буларак басылып чыкты һәм бүләк итеп таратылды''')&lt;br&gt;

'''''Бармы шундый бәрәкәтле, тирән,'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''затлы бүләк – Ходай шәфкатедәй –'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''үз эченә язмышым сеңдергән'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''ике тар һәм көчсез уч төбедәй?'''''&lt;br&gt;

'''''Не знаю благодатней и бездонней''''',&lt;br&gt;
'''''дарованных как Божеская милость,'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''двух узких и беспомощных ладоней,'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''в которые судьба моя вместилась.'''''&lt;br&gt;
(Игорь Губерман)&lt;br&gt;

'''''Ни мәгънә эч сереңнән – аны кем дә белмәсә?'''''&lt;br&gt;
(Равил Фәйзуллин)&lt;br&gt;

'''''«Яши-яши һичкем булмадың,'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''ник көлдердең?!» – диеп Алла сорар.'''''&lt;br&gt; 
'''''«Юаттым ич гаҗиз колларың...», –'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''дип әйтермен Аңа. Һәм Ул... елар.'''''&lt;br&gt;

'''''И спросит Бог: никем не ставший,'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''зачем ты жил? Что смех твой значит?'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''«Я утешал рабов уставших…», –'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''отвечу я. И Бог… заплачет.'''''&lt;br&gt;
(Игорь Губерман)&lt;br&gt;

=== '''ГОМЕР УВЕРТЮРАСЫ'''&lt;br&gt; ===
==== '''Туган авылым...'''&lt;br&gt; ====
'''''...Зөя буйларында, шунда үтте минем балачак...'''''&lt;br&gt;

Адав-Толымбай авылы Татарстанда шартлы рәвештә «әдәби телле Тау ягы» дип аталырлык төбәкнең көньяктагы чигендә урнашкан, аннан ары көндезге кояшка карап китсәң, табигый «Мишәрстан» кочагына барып керәсең. Хәер, бу чик хәзерге заманда бөтенләй ашалып бетте, дисәң дә була. Хәзер инде минем ише, гомерен читтә үткәргән бер кире-беткән «нугай» (казакълар Казан телле татарларны шулай атыйлар) соңгы тапкыр туган-үскән җирләремне әйләнеп чыгыйм әле, дип кайтып төшсә, аның турында... «Бу бабай әле хәзер дә казанца сүләшә», дип әйтәчәкләр.&lt;br&gt; 

Моның сәбәбе гади: Толымбай кызлары, мәктәп сабагын тәмамлауга ук, тизрәк Буага, Казанга яки «ябага» (чит җирләргә) ашыга, шуңа күрә авылда калам дигән егеткә күрше Карлыдан яки Иске Суыксудан цыкылдап торган бер чибәрне ияртеп кайтудан башка чара калмый. Мишәрләр бит алар матдичел тормышлы, консерватив карашлы һәм җиргә ябышып яши торган кешеләр. Берсе дә берьялгызы гына, күктәге торналарга ияреп, туган төбәген бер сәбәпсез ташлап, теләсә кая китеп бармас аларның. Югары белемле булырга теләгәннәр һәм сәләтлеләр генә, туган-тумачасы төпләнгән шәһәрләр булса, шунда юл тотар. Шуңа Буа районының үзәк хакимияте хәзер тулысынча мишәрләр кулында. Һәм «Мишәрстан» халкының табигый үрчеме беркайчан да, бернинди кризис шартларында да аска тәгәрәми. 

Адав-Толымбай авылын өч яктан урман чолгап алган. Көнбатышта һәм төньякта – узган гасырның утызынчы елларында утыртылган нарат урманы, көнчыгышта, Зөя буенда – табигый катнаш урман. Зөя елгасын авыл халкы үзе генә белгән кичү аркылы чыксаң – Кырлаңгы таулары. Җәй уртасында тауның көнбатышка караган итәгендә кып-кызыл җиләкләр өлгерә, нәкъ Кырлайдагы кебек. 

Зөя буендагы урман аланында ел саен май аеның соңгы ике һәм июньнең беренче якшәмбесендә «Май уны» дип атала торган авыл бәйрәме үткәрәләр иде. Хәзер бу урман эченә үтеп кереп тә булмый инде, бөтен юлларга-сукмакларга – һәм минемчә, йөрәкләргә дә! – чытырман ябышкан...Анда яз көне... энцефалит талпаннары хуҗа. Ә без илленче-алтмышынчы елларда бу бөҗәкне бар дип тә белми идек. Мин ул «клещ» турында 1975 елда Ерак Көнчыгышта армия хезмәтен үткәндә генә ишетем. Ләкин, телефончы буларак шактый еш урман эченә керергә туры килсә дә, бер тапкыр да очратмадым һәм «эләктермәдем» дә. Шулай да талпаннан һәлак булган тимер юлчы солдат мәетләрен күрергә туры килде. 

'''ФОТО''': Адав-Толымбай авылы. Урта урам.

Туган авылыбызга багышланган бер «көйсез җыр» мәгълүм, аны Себер татарлары шагыйре Булат Сөләйманов язган. Әдип Толымбайдан Себергә ягага киткән бер кызга өйләнгән булган һәм Казанда белем алган елларда җәй көне тормыш юлдашы белән бергә ялга кайтып-китеп йөргән. Бу шигырьне мин узган елларда Буа районының «Байрак» газетасына юллаган идем, авылдашлар, басылып чыкты, диделәр. 

'''Толымбай җыры'''&lt;br&gt;
Күктән йолдыз тотмыйм, бу җырыма&lt;br&gt;
Мин тормышчан сүзләр сайладым,&lt;br&gt;
Толымчак күк газиз авылыма,&lt;br&gt;
Толымбаем, сиңа багладым.&lt;br&gt;
Ялгыз калсам күңелем буранында,&lt;br&gt; 
Уйларымны сүтәм, яңартам.&lt;br&gt;
Дөнья буйлап чабып хәлдән тайсам,&lt;br&gt; 
И Толымбай, сиңа мин кайтам.&lt;br&gt;

Толымыңда – урман-болыннарың,&lt;br&gt;
Зөя сөеклесе Толымбай,&lt;br&gt;
Йөрәгем дә кушып үрелгән бит,&lt;br&gt;
Ни хәл итим соң мин, йа Ходай!&lt;br&gt;
Кемнәр үрә бүген толымнарың?&lt;br&gt;
Сорасалар миннән, ни әйтим...&lt;br&gt;
Син булмасаң, улың илсез, җирсез,&lt;br&gt;
И Толымбай! синсез мин ятим.&lt;br&gt;

Толымсызлар тол хатын күк ялгыз,&lt;br&gt; 
Көзге таллар кебек шәп-шәрә.&lt;br&gt;
Син булмасаң илдә, Толымбаем,&lt;br&gt;
Булыр идем, шиксез, мәсхәрә.&lt;br&gt;
Чал чәчләрне җилләр йолкыганда&lt;br&gt;
Каеннарың толымын сагынам,&lt;br&gt;
Бер Аллага инанган ир-егет,&lt;br&gt;
И Толымбай! сиңа табынам.&lt;br&gt;

==== '''Авылым өлкәннәре'''&lt;br&gt; ====
'''ФОТО''': Авылда 2015 елда төзелеп беткән «Хәтер комплексы». Арткы планда урнашкан һәйкәл янындагы ятма такталарга 1941-1945 елларда Бөек Ватан сугышында катнашкан барлык толымбайлыларның исемнәре язылган. Мин ишетеп белгән һәм хәтерләгән өлкән туганнарымның һәм авылдашларымның берсен дә онытмаганнар! Комплекс капкасыннан уң якта – авыл мәдәният йорты, сул якта Буа драма театры директоры Раил Садриев төзеткән «Театраль кунакханә» һәм «Тамак» кафесы.&lt;br&gt;

Ә Толымбайның үзендә нинди танылган шәхесләр бар иде соң без яшәгән дәвердә? Бу сорауга җавап биргәндә, рәсми чыганаклар беренче бишлеккә Татарстанда күпләргә билгеле булган кешеләрне кертәләр. Ләкин аларның «күләгә»сендә калган лаеклы шәхесләр дә байтак.&lt;br&gt;

'''Гомәр Толымбай''' (Шаһиәхмәтев Габделхак Җәләлетдин улы, 1900-1938) – язучы. 

'''Александра Николаева''' (1924-2015) – Социалистик Хезмәт Каһарманы. 

'''Равил Рахмани''' (Кукушкин Равил Фәйзерахман улы, 1949) – язучы, шагыйрь, әдәбият белгече, әдәби тәнкыйтьче, филология фәннәре кандидаты. 

'''Раил Садриев''' (1966) – Буа татар драма театры директоры, Татарстанның халык артисты. 

'''Рафаэль Латыйпов''' (1956) – җырчы, Татарстанның атказанган артисты. 

Раил һәм Рафаэль икесе дә миннән шактый яшьрәк, алар турында һәркемгә мәгълүм булганны гына беләм. Алар белән шәхси аралашуларым кыска вакытлы гына, ләкин истә калырлык булды. 

Толымбайда туганнан туган өч кардәшем яши иде бу хатирәләр язылганда: Фәһимә апа Галимҗанова, Әнвәр абый Кукушкин һәм Рифкать абый Бакиров. Өчесе дә унынчы дистәсен ваклаган кешеләр. Узган гасыр хәтере булып кала алар безнең өчен. 2025 елның җәендә Рифкать абый бакый дөньяга күчте... 

'''ФОТО''': Гомәр Толымбай

Гомәр Толымбай авылыбызда туып-үскән иң күренекле татар әдибе генә түгел, Сталин исеме белән атала торган сәяси эзәрлекләү елларындагы какшамас рух һәм шәхси батырлык үрнәге дә ул. Казан «тәнкыйтьчеләре» аңа егерменче еллар азагында ук чокыр казый башлыйлар. Габделхакның иң зур «гаебе»: «Ул үз иҗатында җәмгыятебездә барган сыйнфый көрәшне тулысынча чагылдырмый». Язучы 1937 елның 8 июнендә кулга алына. Пләтән төрмәсендә, 11 ай буе көннең көнендә җәзалап, аңардан сорау алалар, акылдан язарлык хәлгә җиткерәләр. Ләкин атаклы толымбайлы бернинди «гаепләү кәгазьләре»нә дә кул куймый, күпме генә мәҗбүриләсәләр дә, каләмдәшләренең берсенә дә тел-теш тидерми. 1938 елның 8 маенда аны атып үтерәләр. Җәмәгатен дә, уйдырма статья чәпәп, сөргенгә озаталар. Хәнҗәр исемле сабыйлары балалар йортында кала... 

'''ФОТО''': Александра Иван кызы Николаева – Адав-Толымбай авылның илкүләм танылган Сания апасы. 

Александра Николаева – авыл исеменең «Адав» (ягъни Атау – чуашча Атав дип языла, Адав дип укыла) өлешен биргән чуаш башы» кызы. Сания апаның исеме илгә сугыштан соңгы беренче елларда мәгълүм була. 1946 елдагы корылыктан соң совет хөкүмәте илдә социалистик ярыш игълан итә: иген үстерү, урып-җыю һәм терлек үрчетүдә алдынгылыкка чыккан бригадирларга Социалистик Хезмәт Каһарманы дигән мактаулы исем вәгъдә ителә. Бригада кешеләренә – орденнар һәм медальләр. Чама чамадан артмый: район саен бер генә кеше Хезмәт Каһарманы булырга тиеш. Буа түрәләре алдан ук дөрес фаразлыйлар: җиңүчеләр Толымбайдан булачак. Күрше Кыят совхозында җирләр тагын да уңдырышлырак, ләкин анда толымбайлылар кебек тырыш халык юк. «Коминтерн» колхозында ике удар бригада оештырыла: комсомол яшендәгеләрнекен Александра Николаева җитәкли, ә җәмәгате-балалары булган яки сугыштан соң тол калганнарныкын – минем булачак әнием, 35 яшьлек Сәйделбанат әпти (авылда кечерәк яшьтәгеләр аны шулай атый иде). 

Ике бригаданың кырлары янәшәдә, ярыш шартлары бертигез. Якындагы күлдән көянтәләп-чиләкләп су ташыганнар һәм яңгырлар башланганчы үсемлекләргә су сибеп торганнар, дип тә шаярткан халык. Яз-җәй буе тырышып эшләүләре һәм хезмәт нәтиҗәләре – бердәй һәм үрнәк булырлык. Һәр гектардан уртача 23 центнер чамасы, диелә хәзерге заман чыганакларында. Ләкин... Мәскәү төшергән «каһарманлык квотасы» бер урынлы гына: икесен дә хезмәт батырына һәм орден-медальләргә тәкъдим итсәң, шунда ук сине «эшне оештыра белмәү»дә гаепләячәкләр. Нишләргә? Комиссия килеп йомгак ясар алдыннан, район хакимиятенең үз кешеләре, төнлә кырга чыгып, хатыннар басуындагы көлтәләрнең бер өлешен кызларныкына күчереп утырталар. Казан комиссиясе килә, барысын да үз күзе белән күрә һәм раслый. Яшьләр бүләкле булып китә, Мәскәүгә юлланган тәкъдим кәгазендә, гектарыннан 27 центнер уңыш алдылар, дип язалар. Өлкәннәр рәсми 20 центнер белән бармак суырып кала. Каршы сүз әйтеп булмый, шунда ук «загремишь под фанфары». Әнә 22 яшьлек Фәүзияне кырдан тавыкларга бер-ике уч бодай алып кайткан өчен дә бер елга төрмәгә утыртканнар бит... 

Бу әле «тарих»ның башы гына, аның дәвамы Толымбай авылындагы уңган, батыр һәм игелекле кешеләрнең шул замандагы асыл сыйфатларына һәйкәл сыман. Ике бригада кызлары-хатыннары да элеккеге дустанә мөнәсәбәтләрдә кала, алар арасында бернинди низаг тумый. Бу очракта шайтани хакимнәрнең «Разделяй и властвуй!» шигаре буш куык булып шартлый. 

Әлеге хәлләрне бөтен авыл халкы белеп тора, без бәләкәчләр өчен генә озак еллар буе сер булып калды алар. Әйтик, миңа бу хакта авыл кешеләре әнкәем 51 яшендә үлем түшәгендә ятканда гына сөйләделәр. Ә моңа кадәр берни белмәдем. Әнкәемнең һәм Сания апаның дуслыгы минем өчен табигый күренеш иде. Икесе дә уңганнар, киң күңеллеләр, ярдәмчелләр. Күл буе урамыннан үткәндә Сания апа һәм аның җәмәгате Сәгыйть абый (мәктәп укытучысы!) мине чакырып алалар иде. Ел саен Әлфия һәм Алсу исемле кызларының туган көннәрен дә бергә үткәрдек.

Сания апа озын гомерле булды. Колхоз һәм авыл, аның исеме артына ышыкланып, еллар буе һәрнәсәне бүлеп бирүгә күнеккән, әмма үтә саран хөкүмәттән үзе өчен күпмедер өлеш чыгарып килде. Әйтик, Адав-Толымбай авылының гомер бакый баткаклыктан интеккән урамнарындагы таш һәм асфальт юллар – Сания апа абруеның шул җөмләдәге казанышы. Аларның һәркайсын авыл халкы «Сания апа юлы» дип атый. 

'''ФОТО''': Әнием Сәйделбанат Җиһаншина (Бакирова). 1940 нчы еллар.

Әнием 1956 елда яңа өй өлгерткәч үк чирләп китте һәм колхоз эшенә йөрми башлады. Баштарак табиблар гастрит дип кенә диагноз куялар иде. Соңрак, Казанга барып-күренеп кайткач, моның ул заманда дәвалап та булмый торган үлем чире икәнлеге ачыкланды. Сәламәт вакытта, әлеге «каһарманлык эпопеясы»ннан соң, әнкәемне колхозда ашлык амбарлары мөдире итеп куйганнар. Нибары өч класс белемле генә, егерменче еллар башында кешедә белем алу түгел, яшәп калу кайгысы гына булган. Бернигә карамастан, Сәйделбанат өч төрле татар язуын (гарәп имласын, яңалифне һәм кирилл әлифбасын) үзлегеннән өйрәнгән, арифметиканың төп дүрт гамәлен башкара белә. Әлбәттә, тиңдәшсез тырышлыгы, берни дә урламавы һәм беркемнән дә урлатмавы аркасында, аның авыл хөрәсәннәре арасында дошманнары да байтак булгандыр.

'''ФОТО''': Миңа ике яшь ярым тирәсе. 1951 ел.

Әнкәем үзе миңа беркайчан да андый нәрсәләр турында сөйләмәде. Мин аны дөньяның бөтенләй караңгы якларын томалап, тоныграгын яктыртып торучы дип кенә хәтерлим. Аның вафатына кадәр алты ел буе без икәү, дөресен әйткәндә, ачлы-туклы яшәдек. Бигрәк тә бәрәңге базыбызны язгы ташу суы басып киткән булса. Байтак бәрәңгебез әрәм була иде шул елларда. Колхоз безгә ай саен бер пот бодай оны биреп торды (хәзерге заман кешеләренең кайберсе инде потның 16 килограмм икәнлеген дә оныткан икән). Ун көнгә бер мәртәбә фермага яки җәйләүгә барып, биш литр сөт алып кайта идем. Баштарак сарыклар-тавыклар да асрадык. Җәй җиткәч, бәрәңге бакчабыз артындагы Алмакай болыныннан урак белән урып, көн саен берәр капчык үлән алып кайта идем. Каенсар болыны һәм утызынчы елларда утыртылган нарат урманы аша «Гайшә юлы»ннан туп-туры Буага барып, шәһәр халкына бер дистәсен 70-80 тиеннән күкәй сатып, ипи-тоз-шикәр алам. Җәйге каникулда кырда каравыл торып, аз-маз хезмәт көне эшлим. Шуннан артыгына көче җитми көне буе ашыйсы килеп йөргән һәм чыра сыман ябык баланың.

'''ФОТО''': Минем апам Гөлфия Солтан кызы Зиннәтуллина (Жиһаншина) кызы Рузалия белән. 1960 еллар.

Ашарга яраганның барысы да ризык иде безнең өчен. Үзем эшләп тапкан беренче өч сум акчаны 1960 елның 1 гыйнварында алдым. Бер малай белән икәү авыл кибетенә кайткан тозны бушаттык. Яшерен девальвацияле акча реформасы тәмам булгач, 30 тиен булып калды ул. Кинога билет 5 тиен тора иде, ипи – 15-20 тиен. Аннары, Ватан сугышы алдыннан туган апам Гөлфия Солтан кызы 1958 елда Югары Лашчыга фельдшер булып киткәч, йомыркадан-иттән дә мәхрүм калдык. Әнкәемә бернинди ризык үтми башлады, ашказаны авыртуын бернинди дару да баса алмады аның. Ел саен апрель-май-июнь айларындагы кытлыкта һәм соңрак терлек-туарсыз гына түгел, кош-кортсыз да калгач, безне ачлыктан Сания апа һәм Йосыф абый коткара иде. Күрше Сания апа да тумыштан Александра исемле, «чуаш башы»ннан безнең очка кияүгә чыккан чуаш кызы. Бу изге җаннарны искә алганда әле хәзер дә күзләрем яшьләнеп китә... 

Ә авыл мәктәбе директоры, Ватан сугышы ветераны '''Гарифҗан абый Хәйруллин''' белән аның җәмәгате, рус теле укытучысы '''Антонина Георгиевна'''ны хәтер түреннән мин нинди рәвештә чакырырга тиешмен? Алар бит, һичшиксез, ахырзаман кануныдай бүгенге дөньяда да кешечә яшәү үрнәге булып калырлар иде! Икесе дә озын һәм тату гомер кичерделәр, туганнарының һәм авылдашларның кадер-хөрмәтен күреп, җиде ел элек әүлиялардай бер-бер артлы мәңгелеккә күчтеләр. 

Аларның үз балалары булмады. Айга бер-ике мәртәбә мине өйләренә алып кайталар, сыйлыйлар иде, әнкәйгә дә ул үзе ашый алырлык күчтәнәч ризык биреп җибәрәләр, әлбәттә. Гомумән, ул вакытта бөтен Татарстанда да үрнәк булырлык авыл мәктәбенең кайгыртучан укытучылары мине сигезенче сыйныфны тәмамлаганчы озата бардылар. Ике елга бер мәртәбә мәктәп миңа һәм ярдәмгә мохтаҗ булган тагын бер балага бүрек, пальто һәм кышкы аяк киеме кайтарта иде. Ничек кенә авыр тоелмасын гомер сөрү ул вакытта, безнең янда һәрвакыт хәерхаһлы һәм игелекле кешеләр гел булып торды. Шуңа без, бөтен дөньяга ачу саклап, хәшәрәт булып китмәдек тә! 

'''ФОТО''': Мәктәп директоры Гарифҗан абый Хәйруллин

==== '''Ивашев, Кукушкин, Рыбаков һәм «Мишәрстан»...''' ====

Юк, Адав-Толымбай авылы әле бүген генә, татар телендә белем бирү «Тыелган!» дип танылгач кына урыслаша башлады. Безнең үз теләгебез белән «тыелгач»! Югыйсә, моны, без «булдыручылар»дан гайре, кем булдыра алыр иде? Без кичергән инкыйразда алпавыт-декабрист һәм рәссам '''Василий Пётр улы Ивашев''' та, җитмеш һөнәр остасы '''Җәләлетдин Әхмәр улы Кукушкин''' да, минем хәтергә «бакчачы галим» булып кереп калган һәм урыс фамилиясен нәкъ Җәләлетдин бабабызныкына охшаш рәвештә юнәткән '''Йосыф абый Рыбаков''' та гаепле түгел. Алар XIX-XX гасырларда яшәгәннәр. Һәм Толымбай халкына, татарларга бернинди зыян китермәгәннәр. Гел файда гына! 

Әле бүген генә Толымбайда бала-чага «бөек тел»дә уйнарга һәм аралашырга тотынды. Моның алга таба ни бетеп тәмамланасын бүген туклыкта һәм муллыкта яшәгән авыл кешеләре... урамнар буйлап чабып йөрүче ташландык һәм ач этләрдән сорасын... 

Мин белгәндә, совет заманында, авыл әле милли-мәдәни кирмән сыман иде. Һәм шул ук вакытта чын халыклар дуслыгының тоткасы да. Авылдан көньяктарак бүген Җуашау дип аталган иске Ивашевка авылы бар. Хәзер анда башлыча авыл җирлеге үзәгеннән күчеп килгән татарлар яши, урыслар бөтенләй диярлек Буага һәм Казанга китеп беткән. Авылга Ивашев фамилияле бер алпавыт нигез салган. Төп йортын ул Зөя буендагы Кыят авылында тоткан, ә Җуашауга үзенең «беркетелгән» урысларын китерткән. Бүген зур урыс авылы булып калган Кыятта, киресенчә, башта утрак тормышка төпләнгән төрки күчмәннәр яшәгән. 

Унтугызынчы гасыр башында Ивашевлар нәселеннән хакимлек иткән бер алпавытның декабристларга якын булуы, аларның хәрәкәтен хуплавы һәм шуның өчен сөргенгә җибәрелүе билгеле. Һәм бу гасыр азагында толымбайлы мөселман Җәләлетдин шул «гыйсъянчы» алпавыт варисыннан һич көтмәгәндә... урыс фамилиясе юнәткән. Җәләлетдин бабай, үз элгәрләре кебек үк, ихлас күңелдән дин әһеле булган, ләкин дөнья малыннан ваз кичеп яшәүче суфи-дәрвиш түгел. Ягада акча эшләп йөргәндә ул үзенчәлекле һөнәрләр үзләштергән. Бу хакта белеп алгач, алпавыт бабайны Кыятка чакырткан һәм аңа ватык күкеле сәгатен төзәтергә кушкан. Җәләлетдин бабай исә, эшне башкарып чыккач... Кукушкин фамилиясен бүләк итеп алган. Ул заманнарда империячел фамилия эш рәтен белгән кешегә зур өстенлек биргән икән. Бабай, яңа мөмкинлекләрдән файдаланып, баеп та киткән. Үзе дә, балалары-оныклары да хак мөселман һәм уңган татар кешесе булып калган. Һәм зирәк алпавыт чукынуны таләп итеп куймаган да, ул үзенең декабрист бабасы кебек, заманына күрә алдынгы фикерле зат булган. 

Югарыда әйтелгәннәр хакында Кукушкиннар нәселенең бүгенге дәвамчысы булган шагыйрь, әдәбият белгече һәм тәнкыйтьчесе Равил Рахмани иҗатыннан да белә аласыз. Әйтик, аның «Мең чакрымга мең чакрым» исемле китабын укып чыккач. 

«Мишәрстан» чигендә дигәннән... Хәтеремдә ки, илленче елларда Буа районы Сабан туйларында Иске Суыксу авылыннан Сәет исемле бер көрәшче гел баш батыр булып кала иде. Бу хакта безнең авыл халкы: «Сәетне кыш көне үк ашата-симертә башлыйлар һәм беркайда да эшләтмиләр, Сабан туена әзерлиләр...» – дип сөйли иде. Шулай да, бер елны башка авыл кешесе Сәет-батырны финал көрәшендә еккан иде бит. Озак та үтми хәбәр таралды: «Иске Суыксу егетләре, җыйнау шул авылга барып, Сабан туе батырын кыйнап кайтканнар...» 

Әйе шул, Илсөя Бәдретдинева дөрес җырлый: «Үзебезнекен бирмибез, читнекенә кызыкмыйбыз, начарлыкны кичермибез, яхшылыкны онытмыйбыз...» Яхшылык белән начарлыкка билгеләмә тәгъбир иткәндә генә карашларыбыз азрак аерымланып китә. 

«КАМАЗ»да Автомобильләр заводын җитәкләгән һәм соңрак генераль директор урынбасары булып киткән Исламгәрәй Шиһапов шул Иске Суыксу авылында туып-үскән, укымышлы, белдекле һәм кешелекле кеше иде. Чаллыдагы Буа якташлыгының бер җыелышында ул безгә шундый вәгъдә бирде: «Иске Суыксудагы һәм тирә-яктагы артык һәм эшсез ятучы яшьләрне «КАМАЗ»га алып килеп эшкә урнаштырырга тырышырмын!» 
Ләкин Исламгәрәй Солтан улы хыялын тормышка ашырып өлгермәде, илле җиденче яшендә арабыздан китте... 

'''ФОТО''': Равил Рахмани белән уртак бабабызның бабасы – Әхмәр ибне Юныс әл-Толымбай хәзрәтләре. 1763-1819 елларда яшәгән. XIX гасыр башында авылның беренче җәмигъ мәчетен төзеткән. Бу портретны Толымбайга килгән һөнәри рәссамнарның берсе бабайның борынгы китаплары һәм кулъязмалары арасында сакланып калган рәсеме буенча ясаган. Толымбайда 2015 елда «Әхмәр хәзрәт укуларын» оештырган Раил Садриевнең тырышлыгы һәм иганәчелеге белән.

'''ФОТО''': Әхмәр бабайның иске зираттагы кабере.

==== '''Тәгәрәшеп үстекме?..''' ====

Үз яшьтәшләремнән һәм бер яшькә олырак яки кечерәк булганнардан хәтеремә җуелмаслык итеп кереп урнашкан кешеләрнең берничәсе: '''Гөлфирә Җаббарова''' (Гәрәева), '''Равил Кукушкин''' (әдәби дөнья аны '''Равил Рахмани''' дип белә), '''Фоат Хәйсаров''', '''Гөлҗиһан Шәмгунова''', '''Назыйм Әхмәтҗанов'''. 

Гөлфирәбез быел кыш көне, 74 яшен тутыргач, бакыйлыкка күчте. Без ерак туганнар идек. Гөлфирәнең ире Илсун белән бергә яшәгән йорты гомер буе авылга теләсә кайсы вакытта кайтып керерлек урыным булды. Былтыр, Толымбайны һәм аның кешеләрен инде соңгы тапкыр күрүемдер дигән сәяхәттә генә, мине Раил Садриев үзенең «театр кунакханәсе»нә урнаштырды. 

Фоат, Равил һәм мин фәкыйрь – күршеләр, Урта урамның Иркүлгә һәм Алмакай болынына караган ягында үстек. Авыл халкы, өчебезне бергә күргәндә яки үзара әңгәмәдә телгә алганда, гел ярым шаяртулы-ярым җитди сүзләр әйтә торган иде. Мин аларны бераз киңәйтебрәк, тиешле аңлатмалар биреп язам биредә. Авыл өлкәннәренә төшендереп торасы юк, барысын беләләр болай да: «Фоат – беренче сортлы, ул атбакат булачак. Равил – икенче сортлы, язучы булачак: аның әнисенең абыйсы – Гомәр Толымбай үзе. Бик сәләтле малай ул: мәктәп дәреслекләренә өземтә итеп кертелә торган шигырьләрне ун яшьтә үк яза башлады. Мәктәптә укый-укый, үз шигырьләрен яңадан ятлый. Ә Фәһим... өченче сорт: әтисен, үзе туганчы ук, кулак малае һәм «халык дошманы» дип, кабат, икенче тапкыр инде, авылдан куганнар; әнисе, бүген-иртәгә үләм дип, чирләп ята. Башка, сугышта хәбәрсез югалган атадан туган апасы, шәһәр тормышына кызыгып, җәһәннәм тишегендә яшәүче бер кешегә тормышка чыкты. Фәһим беркем дә була алмас, ахры...» 

'''ФОТО''': Фоат Хәйсаров

'''ФОТО''': Равил Кукушкин (Равил Рахмани)

Лыгырдый-лыгырдый, тәки чынбарлык китереп чыгардылар бит, ә... Фоат гомер буе күрше авылда колхоз рәисе булып эшләде, адвокат та, мин балачакта уйлаганча, «ат багучы» да булмады. Хәзер пенсия яшендә инде, иркен, бәхетле һәм тату тормышлы гаиләдә гомер сөрә: Буада үз йорты бар, авылдагы утарны да ташламый. Бөтен «критерий» буенча да беренче сортлы! 

Равилгә ясалган «күрәзә» тулысы белән рас килде. Танылган язучы, үз стиле, беркем кабатламаслык тирән фикере булган шагыйрь, дистә гасырлык әдәбиятны колачлый алган белгеч, туры сүзле әдәби тәнкыйтьче ул. Бәхетенә каршы, үсмер чакта ук аңа Хәсән Туфан үзе юл ачты. Гомәр Толымбай кебек үк, сәяси эзәрлекләү корбаны булган һәм илаһи кодрәт аша гына исән калган әдибебез, Толымбайда булып киткәндә үк, Равилдә үз дустының һәм көрәштәшенең дәвамчысын күреп алган. Ләкин... «Рәсәй тарихына иң кыска юл элмәк белән пуля аша үтә» – Равилнең дә, минем дә яраткан шагыйребез Игорь Губерман «гаригы»ннан алынган сүзләр бу. 

Гөлҗиһан, кем соң ул минем өчен? Юк, мәктәптәге гади сыйныфташым гына түгел... Толымбайдан китеп биш ел үткәч, 1968 елның июнендә беренче кат авылга җәйге ялга кайттым. Башта биш көн буе Мәскәү белән танышып йөргәннән соң. Гөлҗиһан Каенсар урамындагы туган өендә «ял итеп арыган» һәм эшләгән-яшәгән җиренә, Түбән Камага китәргә җыена. «Фәһим, мин синең әтиеңне беләм, теләсәң, аның янына алып барам!» – ди ул миңа. Язмыш диген инде: юри эзләп йөрмәгән бит Гөлҗиһан дөнья буйлап... Мөхәммәтһади Кукушкин дигән һәм мине тормышка китергән кешене. Ярый, икәү бергә, Тәтештә теплоходка утырып, киттек... тарихи-географик чынбарлыкта Түбән Агыйдел дип аталырга тиешле шәһәргә. Барып кердек Кояшлы урамдагы бер «хрущёвка»га.

Мин башта Гөлҗиһанның җирле дусты булып танышырга тиеш идем әтиемнең яңа гаиләсе белән. Ләкин... серле йомгак берничә секундтан соң ук таралып китте. Мине танып алдылар: зәңгәр күзле «бледнолицый» чәһрәм – әтиемнең копиясе икән. Бердәнбер аерма: әтием баһадир гәүдәле, Сабан туе батыры шикелле, ә минем тәндә... тире астында сөяк кенә. Бер атна кунак булдым. Әтиемнең хатыны бик зирәк һәм ягымлы кеше иде, аның сүзләре минем бәхетле мизгелләремне көчәйтте генә. Һәм мин әтием бәяны аша нәселебезнең соңгы гасырлардагы тарихын һәм аның башыннан үткәннәр турында да белдем. 1936 елда, булачак әтиемә 18 яшь тулгач, аны, Магниткага сөрелгән ата-анасыннан аерып алып һәм бер гаепсез килеш махсус «статья» чәпәп, 10 елга Магаданга озатканнар. Ул 1946 елга кадәр шунда советларга алтын юдырткан. Ниһаять, туган авылына кайтып, минем булачак әнкәемә йортка кергән. Ерак Көнчыгышка сөрген аны чыныктырган гына, ул инде бернинди авыр эштән дә курыкмаган. Буа белән Толымбай арасындагы Карлы елгасы аша салынган күпер төзүдә катнашкан. Ләкин авыл куштаннары моның белән килешмәгәннәр һәм аны, мин дөньяга килгәнче үк, яңадан авылдан кудыртканнар... 

Биш яшем тулган 1953 ел азагында, инде кыш башлангач, әтием яңадан авылга кайткан булган. Бүген бу кадәресе һәркемгә билгеле инде: Сталинның үлеменнән соң Мәскәү хакимиятендә төп рольне бөтен көч-куәт министрлыкларына хуҗа булып киткән Лаврентий Берия үз кулына алгач, ике миллионлап мәхбүсне төрмәләрдән чыгарганнар, сөргеннән кайтара һәм әкренләп реабилитацияли башлаганнар. Совет режимының «йомшаруы» әтиемдә кабат авылга кайтып төпләнү өметен уяткан булган. 

Мин шул елны ниндидер озын буйлы, таза гәүдәле һәм көчле бер ир-атның мине өебезнең түшәменә кадәр күтәрүен һәм аннары, урамга алып чыгып, каядыр алып баруын, безнең анда кичкә кадәр кунак булуыбызны гына хәтерлим. Миңа бу кешенең дөньяга китерүче әтием булуын беркем, хәтта әнием дә әйтмәде ул вакытта. Соңрак, берничә ел үткәч кенә авылдашлар аның кемлеген, авылга кайтырга теләге булуын һәм ни өчен бу юлы да авылда кала алмаганын белгерттеләр. Гаилә тормышын яңартырга әзер булган әтием һәм әнием каршында тагын бер кат, һич көтелмәгән, һичкем алдан фаразлый алмаган киртә үсеп чыккан... 

Үзем ул вакытта күрмәгән һәм аңламаган нәрсә турында бүген сүз йөртү гайбәт булыр иде. Аннары, хәзер моның бернинди әһәмияте юк бит инде. Язмыш барыбер үз юлын алган, кемнеңдер гөнаһлары безнең тарафтан гафу ителгән һәм, бәлки, бакый дөнья хөкеме өчен дә юылгандыр. Әниемнең бу фаҗигале хәлләрне миннән яшерүен дөрес гамәл булган дип саныйм. Югыйсә, мин Фәһим булып кала алмаган һәм бар дөньяга ачу саклап яшәгән булыр идем... 

Туганнан туган апамның улы Назыйм Әхмәтҗановның исеме дә хәтер түрендә саклана. Миннән ай ярымга гына соңрак, декабрь азагында туган малай иде ул. Биш яшьлек чакта безне туганнан туган Мансур абыйның туена алып бардылар. Мич артында урын әзерләп, аерым утырттылар безне, ашарга-эчәргә китерделәр. Кызыл аракы да салып бирделәр. Назыйм хәмерне эчте дә... берни булмаган кебек йокыга китте. Ә мин бөтен ашаганымны-эчкәнемне косып чыгардым. «Юк, бу «ә-әй»гә бүтән кагылмаячакмын!» – дип сүз бирдем үземә. Һәм эчмәдем дә, хәтта кырык елдан соң «КАМАЗ»ның җәмәгатьчелек белән элемтәләр департаментында эшли башлагач та. Журналистларны җыеп, төрле чаралар үткәрә идек, соңыннан, әлбәттә, мәҗлес. Эчкән кеше эчә, ә мин сиздермичә генә бокалыма су өстәп торам. Белгән кеше дәшми, шыпырт кына көлеп утыра, белмәгәне гаҗәпләнә: «Карале, эчә-эчә дә гел исерми бу!» 

Бер сыйныфта укыдык без Назыйм белән. Күршедәге Рәшит Камалов исемле малай белән бергә мәктәпкә йөрер дип, аны җиде яше тулмаган килеш укуга озатканнар. Башлангыч сыйныфларда ул, үзе таза һәм көчле малай булса да, нигәдер үпкәләүчән һәм елак иде. Ләкин бик тырыш, яхшы укучы һәм, советча әйтсәк, «максатка омтылучан» булды. Без еш кына, аларның колхоз яшелчә бакчасы янындагы өенә кайтып, бергә дәрес әзерли идек. Беренче сыйныфта мин аның өйрәнчеге булдым, соңрак без тигезләндек. Әмма бишенче сыйныфта Назыймның характеры һәм үз-үзен тотышы нык үзгәрде. Укытучыларның һәм бигрәк тә мәктәбебезнең директоры Гарифҗан абый Хәйруллинның «махсус операциясе» булмады микән бу? Назыймны безнең сыйныфның старостасы иттеләр. Һәм яшүсмер малай 25 балалык төркемнең һәм рәсми, һәм чынбарлыктагы лидеры булып китте. Беркемне дә җәберләмәде, ләкин беркемгә дә тәртип бозуга, әшәкелеккә юл куймый башлады. Үрнәк булырлык сыйныфта укыдык. Хәлбуки, укуны тәмамлап зур тормышка чыккач та, Назыймның юлы гел өскә үрмәли торган булды. Буада зур гына бер оешманы җитәкләде. Ләкин... 27 яшендә арабыздан китте. Мин 1976 елның маенда армия хезмәтен тәмамлап кайтканда, Назыйм гүр иясе иде инде... 

Шулай да, минем чын мәгнәсендә «антиалкоголик» булып китүемә төп сәбәпче – балачакта биргән «вәгъдәм» һәм ниндидер «ихтыяр көчем» түгелдер. Әниемнең өлкән бертуганы, миңа әти һәм бабай тәрбиясен хәленнән килгән кадәр биргән Габделкәбир Бакиров үрнәге барысыннан да өстенрәк булды, минемчә. Яшь чакта абый (әнкәй дә, мин дә аны шулай атый идек) Ленинградка барып акча эшләп кайткан булган. Һәм аны шунда аракы эчәргә өйрәткәннәр, Коллективтан төшеп каласы килмәгәндер инде абыйның. Аның иң еш сөйли торган сүзе... «жмодяк» иде. Үгет-нәсихәт биргәндә нәкъ шушы алынма сүзне кыстырып җибәреп, ул мине саранланмаска, киресенчә – юмарт һәм киң күңелле булырга өндәде. Ленинградта аны шулай «гаепләгәннәр» һәм бергәләп аракы эчәргә күндергәннәр икән булачак шешәдәшләре. Авылга кайткач та, баштарак шул «импортлы» гадәтен дәвам иткән абыебыз. Һәм аңа... «Бутылка Кәбир» кушаматын биргәннәр. Бик гарьләнгән абыебыз моңа. Һәм – эчүен бер көндә ташлаган да. Тора-бара аның авылда үрнәк булырлык мөселман һәм гадел кеше абруе урын алган. Менә кемдә бар иде ул иман ныклыгы һәм ихтыяр көче дигән асыл сыйфатлар! 

Габделкәбир абый «медале»нең тагын бер ракурсы бар. Губерманча әйтсәк:&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кайчак адашкан, кимсенгән''''',&lt;br&gt;
'''''юньсез саналган инсаннар'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''була Хак тынын иңдергән'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''иң лаеклы изге җаннар.'''''&lt;br&gt;

==== '''«Тимәгез Фәһимгә!»''' ====
Дөресен әйткәндә, мин бу бүлектә аталган яшьтәшләремнең берсе белән дә «физик яктан» тәгәрәшмәдем. Урамда мине бөтенләй башка малайлар аунатты. «Сине тормыш менә шулай изәчәк!» – дия-дия: әти-әниләре сүзләрен кабатлаптыр инде, үзләре уйлап чыгара алмаслар иде мондый «күрәзә»не. Бу тәгәрәшүләрдән соң мин гадәттә пычранып кына кайта идем. Яклаучысы юк икән, түзә инде бала. Ләкин шундый әвәләүләрнең берсендә... гомерем өзелеп китү ихтималы да булды. Инде кабыргаларым сынып җан тәслим кылам дип уйлаган вакытта, минем аркама аслы-өсле менеп утырган малайлар өерен кемдер төртеп аударды. «Тимәгез Фәһимгә!» – Фоат булган икән 
ул! Аның үзенә кем тисен соң: абыйсы – колхоз рәисе. Әтисе Гаязетдин абый да исән-сау – сугыш ветераны. Өйгә кайткач, әнкәемә сиздермичә генә, беренче тапкыр үземнең үксезлегемә гарьләнеп еладым. «Тәгәрәтүче» малайларның исемнәрен хәтерләмим инде. Былтыр авылга кайткач, миңа: «Алар барысы да гүр иясе», – дип нокта куйдылар. «Өч төрле сорт» иясе булган яшьтәшләр – Фоат, Равил һәм мин торып калганбыз. 

Дөресен әйткәндә, мин моны бик тетрәндергеч вакыйга дип санамыйм да. Бер җирем дә имгәнмәде ич. Теге малайлар белән уйнамый башладым – шул гына. Авыл китапханәсеннән китаплар алып кайта, шуларны укып юана идем. Аннары, унбер яшем туларак, Равил белән икәү Буага, «Байрак» газетасындагы әдәби түгәрәккә йөри башладык. Равил ул вакытта зурлар кебек саллы-саллы шигырьләр яза иде инде. Хәтта бер шигырендә... киләчәктә туачак улы турында да «хәбәр биргән» иде. Минем язганнарым күбрәк гади рифмалаштыруга гына кайтып кала инде. Шулай да өйрәнергә тырышам, редакция кешеләренең сүзләрен «йотып барам». Бәлки кайчан да булса кирәге чыгар бу сабакның да дип. Газетага авыл хәлләре турында мәкаләләр яки үземнең рифмалаштырылган нәрсәләрне илтеп бирсәм, 
басылып чыккач, 60-70 тиен гонорар җибәрәләр. Анысы да өч кирпеч ипи инде безнең өчен. Татар, рус һәм чуаш телләрендә чыга торган «Байрак» редакциясенә барып керсәм, мине сәркатип туташ каршы ала иде. Чибәр һәм мөлаем бер чуаш кызы, татарчасы чамалы гына. Гадәттә сорый торган иде ул миннән: «Акься алдынмы?» 

Хәтеремдә гомерлек тирән эз калдырган күренеш бер елны җәй буе дәвам итте. Берзаман, Хәнҗәр авылга кайткан, дигән хәбәр таралды. 1938 елда атып үтерелгән Гомәр Толымбайның ятим калган баласы икәнен без балалар да белә идек: авылда мондый исем йөртүче башка бер кеше дә юк. Хәнҗәр абыйны Зөя буендагы умарталыкка эшкә җибәрделәр. Ул бөтенләй йомылган, беркем белән дә аралашмый. Эчүгә сабышкан, без аны айнык килеш күрмәдек тә. Аның ата-анадан соң бушап калган йорты «чуаш башы»нда иде. Умарталыкка барып-кайтып йөрер өчен, ат-арба биргәннәр. Иртә таңнан ук Хәнҗәр абый сузылып яткан килеш бара һәм кояш баер алдыннан исереп ауган хәлдә кайта иде. Аты элек үк өйрәтелгән булган икән: барасы-кайтасы юлны белә, ләкин кыскарак юлдан, безнең күрше Мөнир абый Борһанов өе янындагы тыкрыктан түгел, ә авыл очына чыгып, әллә кайлардан әйләнеп бара Зөя буендагы урманга. Һәм кичен шул ук юлдан кире кайта. Икенче елны Хәнҗәр абый югалды, тагын каядыр китеп барды, ахры... 

'''ФОТО:'''Безнең күршебез Мөнир абый Борһанов – университетлар тәмамлап түгел, үзлегеннән, үз иҗтиһады һәм тырышлыгы белән дәрәҗәле урыннарда эшләгән, күренекле язучы, дин әһеле һәм галиме, тарихчы булып киткән үрнәк шәхес. Мөнир абыйның пөхтәлеге һәм һәрнәрсәгә сакчыл карашы бар гамәлендә дә чагыла. Хәтта Буадан эштән кайтканда да ул, мотоциклы йөрткечен безнең өй каршында сүндерә дә, үз капка төбенә килеп җиткәнче, тормозга басмыйча, инерция буенча бара иде.

==== '''Стандартсыз калыплар «кыскычы»''' ====

Авыл мәктәбенә әнкәй мине 1956 елның 11 гыйнварында, кышкы каникул үткәч илтте. «Бар, нишләргә белмичә, зыян эшләп ятма!» – диде. Кружка белән тәрәзәнең аскы пыяласына суккалап, «ватылучанлык сынавы» үткәрә торган гадәтем бар иде. Инде җыеп-җыеп укырга һәм китаптагыча басма хәрефләр белән сүзләр язарга да өйрәнгән чагым. Каюм Насыйриның Әбүгалисина турындагы китабы һәм апамнан калган «Әлифба» беренче дәреслекләрем булган. Беренчесенең исемен төгәл белмим: мин аның тышлыгын, алдагы һәм соңгы битләрен аны-моны белештерми торган чакта ук ертып ташлаганмын. Биш яшьлек чакта, кайбер сүзләрне шуннан күчереп алып, карандаш белән кәгазьгә яза башладым. 1953 елның бер көне истә калган. Алтынчы март булгандыр ул, күрәсең. Радиодан Сталинның үлеме турында хәбәр ишеткәч, күрше хатыннар бергә җыелып, бездә елашып утырдылар. Мин дә нәрсә булганын бераз аңлаганмындыр. Әнкәем әйтүенчә, шул көнне кәгазьгә ЛИЛИН БАБАЙ һәм ЫСТАЛИН БАБАЙ дип язып куйганмын. 

Мәктәпкә йөри башлаганчы ук булган бер мәзәкле вакыйга – авылга килгән халык җырчыбыз Рәшит абый Ваһапов концертына билетсыз килеш керүем. Нишлим соң инде, кесәмдә бер тиен акчам булмагач? Озын буйлы бер апаны ялвара-ялвара күндердем дә, аның озын күлмәге астына яшеренеп, бергә атладым. Билет тикшерүчеләр, әлбәттә, мине күреп алдылар, ләкин куып чыгармадылар, көлештеләр генә. Ул вакытта микрофон һәм тавыш колонкалары дигән нәрсәләр юк иде. Рәшит абыйның тавышы бик матур һәм көчле булуы, тамаша залының арткы рәтләрендә дә яхшы ишетелеп торуы һәм мәшһүр җырчының ике кулын күкрәгенә куеп җырлавы истә калган. 

Авыл мәктәбендә укыганда, минем шактый сәер һәм «стандарт калыпларга сыешмаган» характерлы булып үсүем ачыкланды. Башлангыч сыйныфларда безне Оркыя апа укытты. Бик таләпчән, катгый, әмма һәр баланың тумыштан килгән үзенчәлеген һәм халәтен аңлап, аңа ныклы белем бирүче остаз иде ул. Өлкәнрәк сыйныфларда «утырып калып», безгә килеп кушылган балалар да (1946-1947 нче елгылар), Оркыя апа сабагын алганнан соң, һич югында «өчле»гә укый торган булып китә иде. Кайберәүләре хәтта, вакыты җитеп һәм «икенче сулышлары» ачылыптыр инде, соңрак укымышлы һәм дәрәҗәле кеше булдылар. 

'''ФОТО''': 1959 ел язы. Дүртенчене тәмамлыйбыз. Уртада башлангыч сыйныфлар укытучысы Оркыя апа. 

Оркыя апа мине, балаларны укуда куып җитәргә тырыш дип, үз өстәле каршындагы партага, уң якка утыртты. Соңрак бу «позиция» минем өчен гадәти булып китте. Кайда гына укысам да, укытучы каршындагы партаны сорап ала идем. Сигезенче сыйныфта гына мине кырыйдагы рәтнең алгы партасына, ике яшькә олырак һәм ике ел беррәттән «утырып калган» малай янына күчерделәр. Аны ничек булса да «тартып чыгарырга» кирәк булгангадыр инде. Хәлдән килгәнчә булыштым. Ләкин рус теленнән чыгарылыш имтиханын тотканда, үземнән күчереп язарга мөмкинлек бирмәдем: «Ничек булса да үзең ерып чык!» – дидем. Сыпырып утырмасын өчен, иншаның (изложениенең) караламасын... латин хәрефләре белән яздым. Һәм латин язуын танымаган Фәрит иншаны үзлегеннән язып, имтиханны «өчле»гә тапшырды бит! Сигезьеллык мәктәпне дә тәмамлады.

Әлбәттә, Антонина Георгиевна барысын да күреп торган һәм имтихан тәмамланыр алдыннан минем караламаны сиздермичә генә «хосусыйлаштырган». Соңрак, авылга кайткан саен, шул кәгазьне күрсәтеп көлдерәләр иде укытучылар. Антонина апага Толымбай мәктәбендә белем алганнар гомер буе рәхмәтле булганнардыр: аның хәзерге заманда да алдынгы дип саналырлык методикасы буенча урыс телен өйрәнгән укучылар Казан-Мәскәү институтларына имтиханны тоткарлыксыз биреп керә иде. 

'''ФОТО''': Адав-Толымбай сигезьеллык мәктәбендә чыгарылыш имтиханы. Сул яктагы беренче партада – Фәрит һәм Фәһим. Арткы планда укытучыбыз Антонина Георгиевна басып тора. Минем «гадәти урын»да, уртадагы рәтнең беренче партасында – төпле «хорошистлар» Мәүлет Сафиуллин белән Эльбрус Камәретдинев. Икенче партада – Рәшит Камалов белән Назыйм Әхмәтҗанов. Аннары булачак отличниклар – Роза Гайнанова һәм Җәвидә Әхмәтҗанова. Урта рәтнең иң арткы партасында Ленза Габделхәев һәм безнең белән бергә сигезьелык татар мәктәбен тәмамлаган... украин малае Лёня Добрыдень! 

Латин әлифбасын үзләштерүем үзе бер мавыктыргыч «сәерлек» булды. Ул заманда чит телләрне бишенче сыйныфта гына укыта башлыйлар иде. Ләкин, без бишенчегә күчкәч, алман теле укытучыбыз (әсирлектән кайткан сугыш ветераны) пенсиягә чыкты. Шулай итеп, без һәм бездән соңгы сыйныфлар чит тел дәресләреннән... күбесе «азат», берничәсе генә мәхрүм булды. Соңгыларына, институтларга укырга кергәч, чит телне «нульдән башлап» өйрәнергә туры килгәндер инде. «Азатлыкка ирешкәннәр»нең кайсыберсе алдан сатып алынган дәреслекләрен куана-куана мәктәп ишегалдына чыгарып ташлады. Мин дә бик шат булдым, чөнки... чүплектән тышлыгына DEUTSCH дип язылган дүрт китап күтәреп кайттым өйгә: «Үзем өйрәнәм!» Латин хәрефләрен таныган әнкәй дә хуплады моны: «И улым, «дәү тешле» булгансың ич!»

Бер елдан соң ук, алман телен үзлегемнән кимерүемнең «кирәге чыкты». Авыл сәхнәсендә мәктәп балалары куйган спектакльдә миңа кыска гына роль уйнарга насыйп булды. Ярослав Һашекның җитез солдат Швейк турындагы әсәренә ияреп һәм бик көлкеле итеп эшләнгән инсценировка иде ул. Алман офицеры булып чыктым да сәхнәгә... алман генералы пәйда булгач, үз йомышын үтәп утырган чех солдатларына (аларны, әлбәттә, урындыклар артына яшереп һәм томалап куйганнар, башлары гына күренеп тора иде) команда бирдем: «Auf! Stillgestanden! Links schaut!» (Торып басыгыз! Үрә катып! Сулга карагыз!) Солдатлар тиз генә ыштаннарын күтәрәләр дә сафка басалар. Залдагы тамашачылар шаркылдап көлеп җибәрәләр. 

Ун яшьлек чактагы бер «язмышлы вакыйга» истә калган. Кышкы каникул вакытында Буага балалар сәнгате бәйгесенә алып бардылар безне. Мин анда шигырь сөйләргә тиеш идем. Миннән алдарак бер мишәр кызы «Өч кыз бала» исемле шигырь укыды. Яңгыравыклы һәм бик матур тавыш белән, ләкин... «А», «Ө», «Җ», «Ч», «Къ» һәм «Гъ» авазларын мишәрчәләтеп һәм өч бармагын баш өстенә күтәреп сөйләде ул: «Эц кыз бала, эц кыз бала – әллә шатлык, әллә артык бер анага?..» Сәхнә артында күзәтеп торган килеш тыңлап, мин бу тамашадан соң идәндә тәгәри-тәгәри көлдем һәм «Казан телле» иптәшләремә үзем шунда ук чыгарган шигырьне дә сөйләп бирдем: «...СуыкЬсудан ТинЦәлегә кАдәр бЕтен-бЕтен дЕнья минеке!»

...Минем өченче кызым шул көннән соң егерме тугыз елга якын вакыт үткәч туды... 

Шуннан соң һәм авылдан киткәч тә озак вакыт алман теленең хаҗәте бөтенләй булмады. Ләкин мин барыбер шул «файдасыз эш» белән мавыктым: дәреслекләрне башыннан ахырына кадәр укып чыктым, тел грамматикасы нигезләрен үзләштердем, берничә йөз алман сүзен отып калдым. Гарәп имласы һәм Яңалиф турында әнкәйдән ишетеп кенә белгән хәлдә, татарча «шәхси рун язуын» да булдырган идем. Хәзер ул онытылган инде. Zamanälif-2012 гамәлдә, Мәскәү тарафыннан «тыелган» булса да. Апама ияреп шәһәргә күчеп киткәч, совет алманнары өчен нәшер ителә торган Neues Leben (Яңа тормыш) атналык газетасын укып бардым. Якшәмбе көннәрне балалар өчен Берлиннан алына торган тапшыру карый идем – Mach mit! Bleib fit! (Бергә эшлә! Уң бул!) Кайвакыт Eulenspiegel (Ябалак көзгесе) журналын да ала идем – алман юмор-сатира һәм идиоматикасын үзләштерү өчен. 

Бишенче сыйныфта '''Гарифҗан абый Хәйруллин''' йогынтысында тагын география белән дә мавыгып киттем. Гарифҗан абый бик яхшы психолог булгандыр дип уйлыйм: ярым ятим бала боегып китмәсен һәм үзен яшьтәшләре арасында тигез күрсен өчендер инде, ул миңа даими йомыш тапшырды. Атна буе һава торышын күзәтеп барырга һәм атна азагында классташлар алдында хисап тотарга тиеш булдым: һава температурасының көн саен төнлә-көндез билгеле бер сәгатьтә ничек үзгәргәне, күкнең кайчан аяз яки болытлы булганы, «җилләр гөлчәчәге» турында. 

Алтынчы сыйныфта тагын '''Җәүдәт абый Рәхмәтуллин''' укыткан математикага «гашыйк булдым». Җәүдәт абый һәр дәресне... биш минутлык мәзәк сөйләүдән башлый иде. Шуңа да карамастан, укучыларны сораштырып, тиешле билгеләрен куеп өлгерә, яңа дәресне дә аңлатып бирә. Алгебрасы миңа ничектер ялыктыргычрак тоелды, шуңа кайбер чирекләрдә «дүртле» дә эләктерә идем. Ә менә геометриядән һәр чиректә, дәрестә һәм контроль эшләрдә гел «бишле» чыгып барды.

Сигезенчене безнең сыйныфтан дүрт бала «отличник» дигән таныклык алып тәмамлады: Җәвидә, Роза, Мәдинә һәм мин. Дөресен әйткәндә, алдынгылар өчәү генә булырга тиеш иде. Физкультура һәм хезмәт дәресләрендә мин беркайчан да стандарт таләпләр»не үти алмадым: хәлсез-көчсез баланы ни йөгертеп, ни сикертеп, ни такта-агач ышкып эшкәртүгә тиешенчә җигеп булмый. Рәсем ясау үзе минем өчен бер бәла булды: «өчле» чыгарга тиеш иде бу нәрсәдән. Сызымнан – киресенчә, гел «бишле» генә. Чөнки сызым ясауның серләре – минем яраткан һәм төгәллек сөюче фәнем булган геометриядә. Ләкин Гарифҗан абый бу предметлардан да «бишле» куйдыртты таныклыкка: «Фәһимгә үз тормышына үзе юл ярасы, аз булса да ярдәмебез тисен». Шулай булып чыкты да: «алтын таныклыклы» малайны Саров (Сарыкылыч) шәһәренең һөнәри-техник көллиятендә дә, кичке укулы техникумында да, кичке урта мәктәбендә дә колач җәеп каршыладылар. Хушлашулары гына төрлечә булды аның...

=== '''ТАТЫП БАКСАҢ, МӨМКИНДЕР АҢЛАРГА...''' ===

==== '''Атом шәһәренә!'''&lt;br&gt; ====
Саров (Сарыкылыч) – Мордовия урманнары эчендә урнашкан, административ яктан Горький (Түбән Новгород) өлкәсенә беркетелгән, ләкин тулысынча Мәскәү тарафыннан тәэмин һәм идарә ителә торган шәһәр. Рәсми чыганакларда ул ЗАТО – «автономияле ябык территориаль оешма» дип атала. 

'''ФОТО''': Саров шәһәренең символы – «Очламлы йорт»ның фасады, ул безнең заманда гашыйк парларның гадәти очрашу урыны иде. Моңа охшаш торак йортлар башка «ябык шәһәрләр»дә дә бар.

Алтын Урда заманында биредә ханның ясак җыючылары яшәгән. Борынгы исеме Сарыкылыч XV гасырга кадәр сакланып калган. Урда таркалгач, Мәскәү явы килеп җиткән. XIX гасыр башында биредә Серафим Саровский – православларның изгесе яшәгән. Саров тирәсендәге урман эчендә аның «Ближняя пустынь» һәм «Дальняя пустынь» дип атала торган ике гыйбадәтханәсе булган. 

1903 елда патша Николай II җәмәгате белән бергә биредәге «изге чишмәләр» суын эчеп дәваланырга килгән. Шуннан соң 1904 елда аның бердәнбер ир баласы Алексей туган. Элек аның дүрт кызы гына булган икән. Утызынчы елларда Саровта ятим балалар (беспризорниклар) колониясе оештырганнар. Үсмер балалар тар колеялы тимер юл төзегәннәр. Соңрак биредә шул турыда «Путёвка в жизнь» исемле кинофильм да төшергәннәр. 1945 елдан башлап, анда Советлар Берлегенең атом һәм сукуар (водород) бомбалары эшләнгән. 

Апам мине анда, әнкәем 1963 елның 12 июлендә вафат булгач, алып китте. Ул үзе, Югары Лашчы авылында фельдшер булып эшләгәндә, армия хезмәтеннән соң Саровта төпләнеп калган бер кешегә тормышка чыгып, ягага киткән иде. Җитмеш биш чакрымлык тимер чыбык белән әйләндереп алынган «зона» чигенә 31 июль көнне иртә белән килеп җиттек. Документларны тикшерүче хәрбиләр мине, аңлашыла ки, 
поезддан төшереп калдырдылар. Апа мине шул КП янында урнашкан алачыкка илтеп, тимер юл хезмәткәре карамагына тапшырды: «Борчылма, мин бүген үк сине шәһәргә кертергә сорап гариза язам. Эшләр тиз генә барып чыкмаса, янәшәдәге авылга фатирга урнаштырырмын, кертергә рөхсәт алганчы шунда яшәрсең».

Гаризалар язып, документларны тапшыргач, дүрт ай көтәргә кирәк иде гадәттә. Бу хакта бик яхшы белсә дә, апам мине Толымбайда калдырырга теләмәде. Саровка китәргә әзерләнгән ике атна эчендә... Казанда мине уллыкка алырга теләүчеләр барлыкка килде. Каян белеп алганнар диң. Апам исә мине, ике дә уйлап тормыйча, ихтимал булган «тукайча ятимлек»тән азат итте: «Бирмим Фәһимне!» Бәлки шул сәбәпле шагыйрь дә, язучы да, фәлсәфәче дә була алмаганмындыр, гади графоман булып яшим хәзер дә... 

'''ФОТО''': Минем Гөлфия апам

Ә апам, «советкүләм рекорд» куеп, ябык шәһәргә кертү рөхсәтен өч көннән соң ук алды! Шәһәр башлыгы Музруковка язылып кергән, хәлне аңлатып биргән. Генерал каршы килмәгән! Өченче август кичен мин инде Саровта үткәрдем. Урамда мине аунатучы-тәгәрәтүче булмады. «Лыс башка, дай пирожка!» – дип кенә үртәде малайлар. 

==== '''Көндәшләрем! дип «чирли»''' ====
Тагын берничә көннән соң, пропискасын да ясаткач, җизнәм мине әле яңа гына ачыла торган һөнәри-техник көллияткә укырга кертте. Беренче сентябрьдә, көллият биргән ак майка, зәңгәр күлмәк, кара кәчтүм-чалбар киеп, слесарь-җыючылар әзерләүче төркем классына барып кердем. Укытучы өстәле каршындагы парта буш иде, анда соңрак та беркем утырмады, ике ел буе берүзем рәхәтләнеп сабак алдым. 

Төркемебезнең һөнәри остазы һәм теория буенча да мөгаллиме – '''Владимир Краснов'''. Теорияне яхшы үзләштерүемне, ләкин һөнәри осталыкта аксавымны күреп, ул миңа беренче курстан соң ук, көллияттә уку белән беррәттән, шул ук бинада урнашкан кичке техникумда да белем ала башларга тәкъдим итте. Иртән – көллияттә, кич техникумда укый башладым 1964 елның сентябрендә. 

Ул вакытта миңа уналты яшь тә тулмаган әле. Техникумдагы укучыларның күбесе инде өлгергән егетләр, хәтта гомер уртасына җиткәннәр да бар иде. Маңка малайның яхшы укуы бер пеләш башлы абзыйны аеруча борчыды: «Да чтоб этот молокос стал моим начальником! Не бывать этому!» Кеше үзе нинди булса, башкаларны да шундый итеп күрә инде. Ә мин кемнең дә булса башлыгы һәм залиме булырга җыена идемме соң? Һәм минем андый «сәләтләрем» бар идеме? Һич югында, конструктор булып китәр идем, техникум тәмамласам. Башка укучыларны, мөгаллимнәрне миңа каршы котырта башлады ул. Тора-бара абзыйның тарафдарлары да барлыкка килде.

Урыс теле дәресендә тактага чыккач, Пушкинның «Анчар» шигырендәге ике юлны, мәгънәсен дөрес аңламыйча, «И умер бедный раб Унок (Пушкинда – «у ног») непобедимого владыки» дип язган идем. Шуннан соң... «чурка» булып киттем. Укытучы марҗа дәрес саен искә төшереп торды минем... «өченче сортлы» һәм «чүчмәк» булуымны. Заводтан килеп сызым дәресләрен бирүче бер мөһәндиснең кыланмышлары минем техникумда укуыма чик куйды. Ул дөрес, тел-теш тидергесез итеп эшләнгән сызымнарыма билге куймый («өчле» булса да), кат-кат ясарга мәҗбүр итә башлады. Ә мин инде өлгерә алмыйм, заводка практикага йөрим, көллияттә чыгарылыш эшен язасым бар. «Бәхетле булыгыз!» дидем дә ташладым мине сөймәгән һәм, дөресе, үзем дә яратып бетермәгән техникумны. 

Һөнәр көллиятен 1965 елның июнендә тәмамлагач, мине «Авангард» заводының инструментлар цехына эшкә җибәрделәр. Слесарь-җыючылар кирәк түгел иде анда, шуңа күрә мине, инструментчы квалификациясенә күчү өчен, беренче һөнәри остазым '''Владимир Афонин'''га беркеттеләр. Владимир абый өч ай дәвамында унбишәр сум өстәмә хак алып торды сабак өчен. Остазлык вакыты үткәч тә ул мине ташламады, гел киңәш-табыш бирер иде. Ул вакытта бит завод остазлары яшьләрне һөнәргә генә түгел, гомумән, үзләренчә тормышка да әзерлиләр иде. Хәтта кайвакыт түләүсез дә! Бу очракта нәкъ шулай булды да. Владимир абый үзе эштән соң шашка уены, футбол һәм авыр атлетика белән дә шөгыльләнде. Мине, чыбыксыман ябык бер малайны, штанга күтәртеп интектермәде ул, шашкачы һәм футбол уенында капкачы итеп кенә күнектерде. Һәм ахыр чиктә ул миңа менә шундый төгәл «диагноз» куйды: «Син, Фәһим, көчле шашкачы да, уңышлы капкачы да була алмыйсың, чөнки уен барышында... үзеңнең көндәшләрең өчен «чирли» башлыйсың. Ләкин борчылма: тырышлыгың бар, акыллы да булсаң, югалып калмассың». 

==== '''Олы тормышка – тырай тибеп!''' ====
Техникумны ташлаганнан соң... белем алуга гайрәтем чикте. Вакытлыча. Башка, шәһәргә якынрак урнашкан заводка күчтем. 1968 елга кадәр, урта белем алырга дип, кичке мәктәпкә кермәдем. Эшкә генә йөрдем, кичләрен шәһәрдә үткәрелә торган бөтен спорт ярышларын карап бардым. Футбол, һоккей, волейбол, баскетбол, авыр һәм җиңел атлетика, көрәш төрләре, бокс, бура уены – берсен дә калдырмадым. Утыз елга якын вакыт үтеп, «КАМАЗ»да чыгарыла торган «Нур» һәм «Вести КАМАЗа» газеталарында хәбәрче булып эшли башлагач кына, әлеге «урам университеты»нда тырай тибеп алган «файдасыз тәҗрибә-белем-мәгълүмат»ның кирәге чыкты.

Җәй көннәрендә «зона»дан читтәрәк булган Линейка белән Митрәле авылларына барып йөрдем. Ул заманда «ябык шәһәр» яшьләрен армиягә 
алмыйлар иде, шуңа безнең өчен буш вакыттагы тормыш бик иркен, «гуляй-поле» сыман булды. Тәртипсезләрне һәм җинаятьчеләрне генә шәһәрдән сөрәләр иде.

'''Линейка''' – Түбән Новгород өлкәсенең Вознесенск районындагы авыл. Безне анда җирле малайлар белән футбол уйнарга дип алып барганнар иде. Чынбарлыкта – җирле кызлар белән таныштырыр өчен. Шәһәргә яңа эшче хатын-кыз куллары кирәк – талымсызлары һәм азып-тузып өлгермәгәннәре. Җитәкчелек кушканны үтәмичә булмый: шуннан соң мин анда бер кыз янына ял көннәрендә барып йөри башладым. Велосипедка утырам да шимбә көнне иртүк, юл буйлап кырык чакрым элдертәм генә. «Гыйшык»ны сылтау итеп кенә тотам: мине урыслашып киткән мокша авылы кешеләренең теле, табигате, тормышы, йолалары күбрәк кызыксындыра. Аннары, мин бит иртәме-соңмы Татарстанга әйләнеп кайтасы кеше. Ләкин... марҗа ияртеп түгел бит инде. 

Ә Мордовиянең Темников районындагы '''Митрәле авылы'''на мине заводтагы башка хезмәттәшем – мокша кешесе Пётр Яков улы Бисяев юнәлтте. Кичке мәктәпкә тугызынчы сыйныфка укырга керер алдыннан, мин цех җитәкчелегеннән бер сменалы эшкә күчерүне үтендем. Каршы килмәделәр. Пётр абый белән шунда таныштым. 1923 елда туган, сугыш ветераны, кешелеклелеге, ярдәмчеллеге һәм юмор хисе ташып тора торган, кояштай көләч йөзле бер абзый. Ул миңа икенче – тудыручы түгел, тормышка якыннан торып өйрәтүче! – әтием кебек булып китте. Мин аны еллар буе сагынып, күрәсем килеп яшәдем. Озын гомерле булган: 2016 елга кадәр куандырган аны язмыш. Саров сайтларында аның турында мәгълүмат бар. 

Митрәле – бик үзенчәлекле авыл, анда асыл затлы мишәрләр һәм ихласлы мөселманнар яши иде 1960 нчы елларда. Совет дәһриләре заманында да мәчетләрен җимерттермәгәннәр, карты-яше, атна саен җыелышып, җомга намазын укый. Мин беренче тапкыр авыл кырыена килеп җиткәндә, балалар туп тибеп уйный иде. Алим исемле бер бала белән сөйләшеп киттем. Ул миңа: «Әдә, абый, мин сине үгә апкатям, әтием-әнием янына!» – ди. Ә миңа шул гына кирәк тә! «Бу абый казанца сүләшә, Саровтан килгән!» – дип таныштырды ул мине гаиләсе белән. Иркенләп гәпләштек, авыл турында сораштырып белештем, үз хәлләремне дә сөйләп бирдем. Аннары Алим белән бергә бормаланып-сырмаланып агучы Мокша елгасы буена киттек. Тугайлары – нәкъ безнең Ык елгасыныкы кебек! Берсендә – сарык көтүе, икенчесендә – сыерлар. Түмгәк өстендә көтүчесе... үзе ясаган курайда уйнап утыра! Әкияти бер күренеш инде хәзерге заман өчен... 

Шулай бер елда Линейкага, икенчесендә Митрәлегә барып йөрдем ике җәй буе. Аннары... тормышта яңа үрләр яулар вакыт җитте. Кичке мәктәпнең тугызынчы сыйныфына йөри башладым. Июнь аенда классташым Гөлҗиһан белән бергә әтием Мөхәммәтһадины Түбән Камада эзләп табуымнан соң, белем алуны яңарту минем өчен котылгысыз булып китте. 

Гаҗәеп хәл: өч еллык ялдан соң уку бик җиңел булып күренде миңа. Урыс телен инде үзләштердем шикелле, техникумдагы кебек «чурка» түгелмен. Унынчы-унберенче сыйныфларда хәтта, математика һәм урыс теле укытучылары чирләп китсә, миңа класста алар урынына дәрес үткәрергә дә рөхсәт иттеләр. Башкаларны өйрәтү – үз белемеңне ныгыту да бит ул, аңардан баш тартырга ярамый. Биргәнең үзеңдә кала, яшергәнең югала – җан һәм рух хаким булган дөньяда.

==== '''Саровский дневник'''&lt;br&gt; ====
(29 октября, 2012 г.) 

'''Отгремело с той поры полвека…&lt;br&gt;
'''Но покуда жив я и здоров''',&lt;br&gt;
'''Возвращает память в тот далёкий'''&lt;br&gt;
'''Город юности моей – Саров.&lt;br&gt;'''

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; * *&lt;br&gt;
С поезда у самой «зоны» сброшен,&lt;br&gt;
Без бумаги я не человек.&lt;br&gt;
На КП смотритель ошарашен:&lt;br&gt;
«Здесь таких я не видал вовек…»&lt;br&gt;

И смотритель в хате деревянной&lt;br&gt;
Поневоле мне кормильцем стал:&lt;br&gt;
Супом потчевал и кашей манной&lt;br&gt;
И, как мог, мальчишку утешал.&lt;br&gt;

Да, какой бы ни было напасти,&lt;br&gt;
Не без добрых божий свет людей:&lt;br&gt;
И сестра пробивчива у власти,&lt;br&gt;
И начальник вовсе не злодей.&lt;br&gt;

Стал судьбой своей не опечален,&lt;br&gt;
Хоть в свои пятнадцать сирота:&lt;br&gt;
Уж на третий день я – саровчанин.&lt;br&gt;
Что за град, однако?! – Лепота!&lt;br&gt;

Серафим тут в пустыни укромной&lt;br&gt;
К благочестью призывал весь мир.&lt;br&gt;
Телебашня звонницы церковной,&lt;br&gt;
Дом со шпилем – нынче ориентир.&lt;br&gt;

Мастера сноровкою природной&lt;br&gt;
И науки всей советской знать,&lt;br&gt;
Чтоб тушить пожар войны холодной,&lt;br&gt;
Породили Кузькину ту мать.&lt;br&gt;

Нестыковки в паспорте хоть броски,&lt;br&gt;
Их я без нытья перенесу:&lt;br&gt;
На лугах прописан нижгородских,&lt;br&gt;
Обитал я у мордвы в лесу.&lt;br&gt;

Юным светлым думам, может статься,&lt;br&gt;
Даст Саров и нынче свой приют.&lt;br&gt;
Профтехшкола с номером семнадцать&lt;br&gt;
Мне открыла двери жизни тут.&lt;br&gt;
* * *&lt;br&gt;
Потянулись дни мои, как лента,&lt;br&gt;
День-деньской трудился я, как вол:&lt;br&gt;
На заводе – чинка инструмента,&lt;br&gt;
На досуге – шашки и футбол.&lt;br&gt;
 
И Владимир сын Петра Афонин&lt;br&gt;
Жить учил меня, не забавлял,&lt;br&gt;
Мастер был мужик в слесарной доле&lt;br&gt;
И любитель в шашках. Наставлял:&lt;br&gt;
 
«В уголки, как трус, не забивайся,&lt;br&gt;
Середину верно занимай,&lt;br&gt;
Но и там не сильно зарывайся,&lt;br&gt;
И во всяком деле меру знай!&lt;br&gt;

Всё старайся делать ты исправно.&lt;br&gt;
Верь: всему приходит в жизни срок». –&lt;br&gt;
Вынес свой вердикт тогда наставник,&lt;br&gt;
В годы заглянувший, как пророк:&lt;br&gt;

«Прилежаньем на ноги ты встанешь&lt;br&gt;
И добьёшься нужных в жизни благ.&lt;br&gt;
Вратарём, Фагим, увы, не станешь,&lt;br&gt;
Да и в шашках вряд ли будешь маг».&lt;br&gt;

* * *&lt;br&gt;
…Вьётся пыльная «узкоколейка»,&lt;br&gt;
Велик оседлав, я мчусь опять:&lt;br&gt;
Сорок вёрст всего-то до Линейки,&lt;br&gt;
До Митрял – и вовсе тридцать пять!&lt;br&gt;
 
Бодро я несусь по жизни юной,&lt;br&gt;
Отмеряя всё, отсель досель:&lt;br&gt;
Там, в Линейке, ждёт красотка Дуня,&lt;br&gt;
Здесь, в Митрялах, – милая Гузель!&lt;br&gt;
 
Не всерьёз те юности забавы,&lt;br&gt;
В мыслях я витал в стезе иной,&lt;br&gt;
И в Сарове прелести Любавы&lt;br&gt;
Мне не заслонили путь домой.&lt;br&gt;
 
'''Я связал свой узел в Автограде&lt;br&gt;
'''До загробной вековой тиши,'''&lt;br&gt;
'''Но в далёком том Наукограде'''&lt;br&gt;
'''Всё ж осталась часть моей души.&lt;br&gt;'''

==== '''«Алманлык чире» һәм Бүре билеты''' ====
Һәм мин әле балачакта, Толымбайда укыганда, үземнең «алман булырга тырышулар»ымны да искә төшердем. Кичке мәктәптә чит телне өйрәнү мәҗбүри түгел иде. Уку елы башлангач төзелгән инглиз һәм алман төркемнәре ике ай эчендә таралып бетте. Ташладылар, факультатив булгач, кирәге дә юк, дип. Берүзем утырып калдым башка фәннәрдән азат булган көннәрдәге өстәмә дәресләрдә! Бу хакта мәктәп директоры белән сөйләшкәндә, ачыктан-ачык әйттем: «Мин ни өчен чит телне өйрәнүдән баш тартырга тиешмен?!» Шуннан соң булган хәлләр мине әле бүген дә һәм торган саен ныграк гаҗәпләндерә. Өч ел дәвамында Галина Иван кызы Мхитарьян миңа – берьялгызыма! – алман теленнән сабак бирде. Гадәти балалар урта мәктәбендәге эштән азат вакытта килеп йөри иде ул безнең кичке мәктәпкә. Һәм аңа моның өчен ярты ставкалык хезмәт хакы түләп тордылар! Чәршәмбе һәм шимбә көннәрне үткәргән икешәр дәрес өчен. Хәзерге заманда моны күз алдына да китереп булмый: әйтик, һәр сыйныфта җидешәр балаң булмаса, авыл мәктәбен шапылдатып ябып куярга да мөмкиннәр! Йөрт әнә сабыеңны җиде чакрым ераклыктагы башка авылга зәмһәрир суыкларда да...&lt;br&gt;

Нәтиҗәдә мин, кичке мәктәпне тәмамлаганда, көмеш медаль алырга тиеш идем. Физика белән химияне, укытучыларга аңлатып һәм гафу үтенеп, «дүртле»гә төшерергә туры килде: «Вакытым җитми, һәм мин барыбер һуманитар белгечлек алачакмын!» – дип. Ләкин... җәмгыять белеме буенча май ае уртасында үткән соңгы дәресләрнең берсе минем планнарымны чәлпәрәмә китерде. Аңсызлыгым сәбәпле, органнар күзәтчесе дип саналган укытучы Александр Амосовка үзем шаяртулы дип уйлаган, ләкин чынбарлыкта «сәяси яктан дөрес булмаган» сораулар биргәнмен: «Ни өчен хәзерге эра «безнең» дигән сүз белән тамгалана? Христос туганчы вакыт безнеке булмаганмыни?» Мөгаллим Амосовның йөзе үтә җитди булып китте. Яшь комсомол булган килеш, кем соң белсен тарихның җитди көрәш мәйданы икәнлеген, бу көрәшнең һич кенә дә дөреслек-гаделлек өчен булмавын һәм, боларны исәпкә алганда, минем беркатлы соравымның «сәяси провокация» дип аңлатылу ихтималын? Вакыт беркемнеке дә түгел, ул бер Алладан иңдерелә, ләкин аны хосусыйлаштырырга теләүче бәндәләр беркайчан да бетеп тормый...&lt;br&gt;

'''ФОТО''': Галина Иван кызы Мхитарьян&lt;br&gt;

Шулай итеп, җәмгыять белеменнән дә «бишле» урынына «дүртле» чыкты. Өченче «дүртлесе» булган аттестат – совет чынбарлыгында өлгергәнлекне белгертүче документ түгел, ә тормышка бүре билеты, кешегә шиклелек тамгасы инде ул. Озакламый, дөньямның асты өскә килә башлагач, моны үзем дә аңладым...&lt;br&gt;

Саров турында истәлекләрне мин 2012 елда әлеге шәһәрнең шашка уены буенча җыелма такымы Чаллыга килер алдыннан рифмалаштырып та куйган идем. Бер ел элек без үзебез дә Саровка барып, иптәшләрчә матч уйнап кайттык. Югарыда урнаштырылган «шигырьсыман хатирәләр»емне ерактагы дусларыбызга тапшырдык. Эш шунда ки, безнең Чаллыдагы рәсми булмаган «шашка юлбашчыбыз», спорт остасы Язкәр абый Ганиев армия хезмәтен Саровта уздырган һәм, шәһәрдә төпләнеп калгач, саровлыларга шашка түгәрәге оештырып биргән. Бу секция бүген дә гөрләтеп эшләп килә. Апам һәм җизнәм яшәгән урамдагы «Яшьләр үзәге»нең зур өлеше чынбарлыкта шахмат-шашка клубына карый. Шашка уены дәресләре күп кенә мәктәпләрдә укыту программасына кертелгән. Шахмат дәресләре – юк!&lt;br&gt;

'''ФОТО''': Газдал улы Язкәр абый&lt;br&gt;

Язкәр абыйны шәһәр шашкачылары ел саен үзләре үткәргән турнирларга чакыралар иде. Ниһаять, 2011 елда Чаллы җыелма такымына да, Язкәр абыйга ияреп, Саровка барырга чират җитте. Безгә, әлбәттә, бу шәһәр турында ишетеп кенә белгән өч иптәшебезне (берсе яһүди, икесе православ) андагы истәлекле урыннар белән таныштыручы ролен дә үтәргә туры килде. Серафим атакай зур бер таш өстенә менеп гыйбадәт кыла торган булган, ул ташны зиярәт кылучылар, XX гасыр башында ватып, сувенир итеп алып бетергәннәр. Совет дәһрилеге беткәч, 1990 нчы елларда яңасын куйганнар. Шунда алып бардык иптәшләребезне, шул ташны һәм Серафим атакайның «якындагы» дип аталган шәхси гыйбадәтханәсен күрсәттек. «Ерактагысы» урман эчендә һәм «зона» чиге янында. Атом бомбасы музеена бармадык, ул төзекләндерүгә ябылган иде. Миңа төпле белем белән бергә тормышка «бүре билеты» да биргән мәктәпне «Укытучылар йорты» итеп үзгәрткәннәр, ә кичке мәктәпне башка районга, стадион янына күчергәннәр иде. «Сәлам бирү өчен» анда хәтле барып йөрергә вакыт булмады.&lt;br&gt;

Тормыш остазым Пётр абый Бисяевны бик күреп сөйләшәсем килгән иде, әлбәттә. Җирле шашкачыларга әйтеп караган идем дә бу хакта, алар арасында аның кайсы урамда һәм йортта яшәгәнен беркем дә белми иде. Яшьтәшем һәм яшьлек дустым Николай Майоров исән булса, бәлки, эзләп тә тапкан булыр иде ул Пётр абыйны. Чөнки ул, «Авангард» заводы такымының элеккеге хоккейчысы, футболчысы һәм баскетболчысы да, остазымның үзе белән бергә уйнаган энесен белә иде. Ләкин 61 яшьлек Николай 2010 елдагы җәйге корылыкта, Мордовия урманнары янган көннәрдә якты дөнья белән хушлашкан...&lt;br&gt;

 * * *&lt;br&gt;
Күрәчәгең тәкъдир тактасына язылган, диләр. Хак сүзләр. Кайчак язмышның бәндәләр тормышын никадәр аңлы рәвештә, ләкин үзенчә кырыс ярату аша, зирәк һәм төгәл уйнатуына шаккатасың.&lt;br&gt;

Язкәр Газдал улы Ганиев 2016 елда Чаллыда 81 яшенә җитеп мәңгелек хозурга ия булды. Ә бит без 1967 елның җәеннән үк таныш идек! Җәйге спорт сезоны ачылган көнне ул Саров шәһәре стадионында үз тиңдәше белән бергә шашка буенча күмәкләп уйнау сеансы үткәрде. Без уйнаган партия аеруча мавыктыргыч булды, осталык дәрәҗәләребез тиңләштерерлек булмаса да. Мин, заводтагы остазым Владимир абый Афонин өйрәткәнчә, уен тактасының үзәген басып алдым. Ә Язкәр абый мине, үзе яраткан «чолгап алу» ысулын кулланып һәм беррәттән берничә төгәл йөреш ясап, җиңде. Шуннан соң без икәү янәшәдәге шәһәр паркында да уйнадык, икебезгә дә тансык булып киткән татар телендә сөйләшеп утырдык. Кем уйлаган ул вакытта, тугыз елдан соң Чаллыда кабат очрашырбыз һәм тагын кырык ел бергә туганнардай яшәрбез дип!..&lt;br&gt;

==== '''Корсакмы, йөрәкме?..''' ====

Ә мин инде 1970 ел азагында ук, кичке мәктәпне тәмамлаганнан соң Мәскәү университеты карамагындагы Көнчыгыш телләр институтына (рәсемдә аның Моховая урамындагы төп 
бинасы) укырга керәм, дип шарт куйган идем үземә үзем. Әллә мин юкка гына еллар буе башта үзлегемнән, соңрак Галина апа белән бергә алман телен өйрәндемме? Мин бит туган илемә һәм газиз халкыма хезмәт итәргә телим. Һәм слесарь яки мөһәндис булып кына түгел, әзерлекле зур белгеч рәвешендә.

Ул заманда Мәскәүнең Карл Маркс проспектында (аның бер өлеше булган бүгенге Моховая урамында) урнашкан институт турында мин 1968 елның июнь аеннан бирле ишетеп һәм күреп беләм. Авылга һәм Түбән Камага әтием янына кайтып килер алдыннан, мин җәйге ялымны совет башкаласына биш көнлек сәяхәттән башлап җибәргән идем. Мәскәү кешеләрен сораштырганда билгеле булды: элек, Ломоносов заманында, биредә һәм янәшәдә урнашкан журналистлар факультетында Мәскәү университетының төп бинасы булган икән. Бүген МДУ үзәге Чыпчык (Ленин) тауларында.

Ә менә Сокольники паркында мин элек ишетеп тә белмәгән бер шагыйрь турында беренче мәгълүмат алдым. Бер төркем кеше паркта эскәмиядә ниндидер язманы көлешә-көлешә укып утыра. Шыпырт кына арттан килеп басып, мин дә укый башладым. Куып җибәрмәделәр һәм хәтта биргән сорауларыма да җавап кайтардылар. Әлеге язма... Игорь Губерман иҗатының «самиздаты» икән. Шуннан бер дүртьюллыкны («гарик»ны) отып калдым һәм өйгә кайткач тәрҗемә итеп тә куйдым: 

'''''«Изнасилована временем&lt;br&gt; 
'''''и помята как перина''''', –&lt;br&gt;
'''''власть немножечко беременна''''',&lt;br&gt;
'''''но по-прежнему невинна'''''».&lt;br&gt;

Тарих тарафыннан көчләнде,&lt;br&gt;
хәтерләтә талкыш түшәкне, –&lt;br&gt;
хакимият азрак көмәнле,&lt;br&gt;
әмма элеккечә гыйффәтле.&lt;br&gt;

Бүген татар теленә тәрҗемә ителгән «гариклар»ның саны күптән максат итеп куелган 1001гә җитеп килә инде. Аларны Викимедиянең «инкубаторы»на урнаштырып, яңа тәрҗемәләрне гел өстәп торам. Бу хәлне мин очраклы күренеш кенә булгандыр дип уйлыйм ул вакытта. Бу һәм аннан соң да еш булып торган «очраклы вакыйгалар»ны кемнең алдан ук әзерләгәнен, бәлки, теге дөньяда белә алырмын. Гомер буе миңа ярдәм кулы сузып, хәтта үзем кереп баткан сазлыклардан да тартып чыгарып торган бер дистә кешене дә кабат очратырга теләр идем, гүр иясе булгач. 

Ул вакытта чын совет патриоты идем мин. Мине әнкәем шулай тәрбияләде. Ә инде бу дәүләткә саф йөрәкле ватанпәрвәрләр түгел, корсак кыйммәтле җан-тән сәүдәгәрләре генә кирәклеген мин өч елдан соң Мәскәүгә укырга киткәч аңлый башладым. Миндә моның өчен тиешле «сәләтләр», «кыйммәтләр» һәм хәтта теләк тә юк иде. Шуңа беркем дә булып китмәдем, «булдыручылар» уйлаганча, «өченче сорт»та калдым.

'''ФОТО''': Азия-Африка институты бинасы.

Ярый, хуш, муеныннан ук тотып чәйник әле без ул елларның башын. Институтка укырга керәм дигәч, Саров (ул вакытта әле Арзамас-16 дип аталган шәһәр) комсомолы миңа яхшы характеристика язып бирде. «Коммунист» заводының инструментлар цехы турында сүз дә юк: кичке мәктәптән ярты елга бер тапкыр рәхмәт хаты җибәреп торалар иде җитәкчелеккә, яхшы укучы тәрбияләгән өчен. Мин инде «эшчеләр интеллигенты» дип саналган винт ырмаулаучы (винт сырларын шомартучы, урысчасы – резьбошлифовщик) һөнәрен үзләштердем һәм өлкәнрәк бер татар егете, кичке техникумны тәмамлап, мөһәндислеккә 
күчкәч, аның урынында эшләп калдым. Характеристикасын да матур итеп яздылар, хушлашканда коллектив исеменнән затлы бер свитер бүләк иттеләр. Мин ул свитерны еллар буе, тәмам тетелеп беткәнче кидем. Шулай итеп, җыйнаулашып Мәскәүгә озаттылар мине. Сине Төркиядә илче булып күрергә телибез, дип. Эш һәм намус кешесенең кадерен беләләр иде «Коммунист» заводында ул вакытта!&lt;br&gt;

==== '''Азия белән Африка арасында...''' ====
Әйе, институтка керергә дип язган гаризада мин чыннан да, төрек телен өйрәнергә телим, дигән идем шул. Имтиханнар алдыннан була торган хәлиткеч сораштыруда (аны уңышлы үтә алмасаң, имтихан биреп азаплануның кирәге дә калмый) төрек теле мөгаллиме миңа «В этой комнате много людей» дигән җөмләне татарча әйтеп бирергә кушкан иде. Нык дулкынланудандыр инде, мин, өстәл артында утырган галимнәрне күзәтеп-барлап чыктым да... җөмләне «Бу бүлмәдә күп кешеЛӘР бар» дип тәрҗемә иттем. Һәм... шунда ук, тупас ялгышымны аңлап алып, тәмам оялып һәм кызарынып киттем. Комиссия әгъзалары, минем балаларча самимилегемне күреп, көлештеләр генә. Ә үзем инде егерме өченче яшемне тутырып барам. Туган телемне оныта башлаганмын ич... 

Беренче имтихан – рус әдәбиятыннан инша. Темасы таныш 
иде, кичке мәктәптә чыгарылыш имтиханына әзерләнгәндә каралама рәвешендә язган идем мин аны. Бу юлы иншаны 
өземтәләр белән тагын да күбрәк баетып, үз фикерләремне дә 
өстәп яздым. «Бишле» куйдылар. 

Икенче көнне институт ишеге алдында җыйнаулашып имтихан нәтиҗәләрен көтеп тордык. «Икеле» алганнар төшеп кала һәм шунда ук документларын кереп алып китсә дә була, диделәр. Иң элек шуларның исемлеген чыгарып ябыштырдылар элмә тактага. Бәхетсезләр шактый күп җыелган икән. Шулвакыт берничә кеше безнең төркемне икегә аера башлады: «Юл бирегез! Юл бирегез!» – дип. Алар артыннан барган һәм бик ыспай киенгән кеше имтихан комиссиясе бүлмәсенә кереп китте. Гади генә эшче-хезмәткәр булмавы күренеп тора. Алдагылары тән сакчылары булгандыр инде. Мәскәүлеләр хәтта түрәнең фамилиясен дә әйткәннәр иде. Ләкин алар атаган кешенең 1971 елда институтта укырлык балалары да, оныклары да юк иде. Кемнең баласын «төртеп кертергә» теләгәндер ул, булдыра алганмы-юкмы – без, читтән килгәннәр, белми калдык. 

Дүрт төр имтиханда 20 мөмкинлектән 18 балл җыйдым. Уналтысы да җитеп тора иде аның ике еллык хезмәт стажы булган абитуриентларга. Кайберәүләр хәтта унбиш балл җыеп та үтте. Ләкин мине үзем теләгәнчә төрек төркеменә түгел, вьетнамныкына билгеләделәр. Төрек төркеменә инглиз теленнән имтиханны уңышлы биргәннәрне генә алдылар: шул телне икенче тел рәвешендә ныгытыбрак өйрәнүне дәвам иттеләр алар институтта укыганда да. Ә вьетнам төркемендә безгә француз телен «нульдән башлап» укыттылар. Мин бу «музыкаль тел»не дә беренче курс дәвамында бик яратып өйрәндем. Француз теле мөгаллимәсе бик ягымлы ханым һәм һичшиксез сәләтле остаз иде. Исеме генә онытылган аның.

Ә менә вьет теленнән икенче мөгаллимә булган Ирина Шмелёваны бүген дә хәтерлим. Миннән ике яшькә генә олырак, кияүгә чыкмаган иде ул вакытта. Аның төп белгечлеге кһмер теле иде, ләкин бу елларда институтта кһмер төркемнәрен тупламадылар. Гаҗәеп матур һәм бик тә үзенчәлекле бу телне без «вьетнамлылар» өченче курстан башлап икенче көнчыгыш теле буларак өйрәнергә тиеш идек. Вьет телен Ирина үзе дә өстәмә тел буларак өйрәнгән. Кампучиядә практика үткәннән соң, 1970 елда институтта мөгаллимә булып эшли башлаган. Ул минем «тәрҗемәи хәлләр»дән хәбәрдар, тулай торакта нинди авыр шартларда яшәвем турында белә иде. Ирина туташ мине институтны ташлап китмәскә, өченче курска кадәр ничек булса да түзәргә үгетләде. Өченче курстан соң беркемне дә кумыйлар инде һәм шәкертләрне Мәскәү университетының төп бинасына күчерәләр иде.

Ә Ломоносов проспектында мин 12 метрлык бүлмәдә бишенче кеше булып яшәдем, йокларга үз караватым да булмады. Бүлмә уртасында, раскладушка дип аталган һәм гадәти матрасы да булмаган нәрсәдә төн үткәрә идем. Башка бүлмәләрдә буш урыннар байтак, икешәр генә шәкерт яшәгән бүлмәләр дә бар иде. Ләкин күпме генә үтенеп сорасам да, мине анда урнаштырудан баш тартып килде тулай торак мөдире. Фарсы төркемендә укучы бер малайның, көн саен төп-төгәл төн уртасында йокыдан торып, помидор ашый торган гадәте бар иде. Баш өстемдә ут янып торганга күрә, мин дә уянам һәм малайның чамасыз аппетитын күзәтеп, селәгәй йотып ятам инде. Ике ай укыганнан соң «перспективасыз» дип танылгач һәм мин үзем Казанга күчеп китүдән баш тарткач, миңа шундый «йокысызлык сабагы» да насыйп булды. Башта минем дә, әлбәттә, үз урыным бар иде. 

Институтта иң уңышлылар һәм перспективалылар дип һинди яки япон телләре төркеменә эләккән «элита» санала иде. Гади кеше балалары түгел инде берсе дә. Ике гарәп төркеме исә «түбәнрәк сортлылар» өчен дә үтемле булды. Дөньяда ике дистәдән артык гарәп халкы яшәгән ил яки гарәп теле рәсми статуска ия булган дәүләт бар, димәк, институтны тәмамлагач, эшкә урнашу проблемасы булмаячак. Кытай теле кирәкле дә, перспективалы да. Ләкин өйрәнеп кара син бу телне һәм бигрәк тә – аның ун мең иероглифлы язуын. Иң җиңеле... һиндонезия-малайя теле икән, ләкин бу төркемгә эләгү карьерага ирешү ягыннан перспективалы дип саналмады ул вакытта. Сукарно Һиндонезиясе социализм төзи алмый интегә, Малайзия әле «икътисад юлбарысы» булып күтәрелмәгән, күп телле, берничә динле, чуар милләтле Сингапурда Ли Куан Ю реформалары да башланган гына иде. Африканың амхар, суаһили яки һауса төркемнәренә кергәннәр турында, болар «бәхетсезләр», диделәр. Хәзер генә ул Африка безнең төп сәяси партнёрыбыз һәм иктисадый таянычыбыз булып китте. Ләкин, аңа карап кына, имтиханнарны уңышлы биргән бер генә абитуриент та укудан баш тартмады. Элек тә шулай булган икән. Бу институтны тәмамлаган һәм исемнәре һәркемгә мәгълүм булган күренекле кешеләр һәм алар өйрәнгән төп телләр: сәясәтчеләр Евгений Примаков (кытай теле), Владимир Жириновский һәм Дмитрий Песков (икесе дә – төрек теле); язучы Борис Акунин (үз исем-фамилиясе Григорий Чхартишвили, япон теле), журналист Евгений Киселёв (фарсы теле). 

'''ФОТО''': Күренекле тел галиме һәм институт шәкертләренең яраткан остазы Владислав Василий улы Ремарчук (1942-2019). Мондый кешеләр турында хатирәләр – гомерлек...

Башта без вьетнам төркемендә унау идек, ләкин бер-ике атнадан соң дүрт кеше китте, алар органнардан килгән күзәтчеләр генә булган икән. Алтау язмышның чырай сытуыннан кайгыга батып утырдык: Вьетнамда сугыш бара иде әле. Безне шартлы рәвештә ике төркемчеккә бүлделәр: беришебез «тарихчы», башкалары «тел белгече» булырга тиеш икән. Ләкин мөгаллим һәм вьет телендә, вьетнамлылар әйтмешли, «гади авыл карты кебек сөйләшә» торган Владислав Ремарчук беренче дәрестә үк безне канатландырырга тырышты: «Кайгырмагыз, сез укып чыкканчы сугыш бетә, һәм сез әле куана-куана эшләячәксез, яңа мөмкинлекләр ачылгач!» Владислав Василий улы безгә ун пар дәрестә генә сабак бирде. Аның бурычы һәм вазифасы вьет теле фонетикасын һәм «музыкасын» безнең хәтергә һәм күңелләргә иңдерү булган икән. Калганын башка мөгаллимнәр эшләргә тиеш. Шушы ун көн эчендә мин бу искиткеч сәләтле мөгаллимгә, белдекле галимгә һәм үтә дә кешелекле кешегә... чын-чынлап гашыйк булдым. Ул бит әле филология фәннәре кандидаты да түгел иде. Диссертациясен 1975 елда гына яклаган икән. 

Сентябрь азагында алты шәкертнең бишесе латин имласындагы вьет язуын дөрес, ягъни авазларын, тоннарын, кыска җөмләләр интонациясен тиешенчә «артикуляцияләп» укый 
белә иде. Бары Виктор Хреков кына моның серләренә тиз генә төшенә алмады, сыер кебек мөгрәп утырды. Аның каравы, ул КПСС тарихын һәм «марксистик фәннәр»не бик яхшы белә, хәтта үзе белмәгән нәрсәләр турында да интуитив рәвештә дөрес аңлатма бирә иде. Һәм – яңадан язмыш шаяртуы! – нәкъ шул азәрбайҗан яһүде малае ахыр чиктә вьет төркемендә иң уңышлы шәкерт булып киткән! Монысы инде өченче курста, ягъни мин укуны ташлап китәргә мәҗбүр булгач кына, ачыкланган. Тырышкан табар, ташка кадак кагар. Ә Виктор чыннан да бик тырыш һәм үҗәтле иде. Көнчыгыш телләре институты (1972 елдан – Азия һәм Африка илләре институты) сайтындагы хәбәрләргә караганда, Виктор институтны гел «бишле»гә бетергән, Вьетнамда ТАСС хәбәрчесе дә булган, агентлыкның Һанойдагы вәкиллеген дә җитәкләгән, Франциядә дә эшләгән. Ә яңа гасырда РФ президенты аппаратының сүзчесе булып киткән ул. Соңгы вазифаны башкарганда, 61 яшендә вафат булган. Викторның улы Антон берзаман НТВ каналында эшләде. 

Ике ай буе мин дә рәхәтләнеп укыдым институтта. Хәтта вьет төркеменең старостасы да булып тордым. Шуннан соң проблемалар башланды. Досьелар, сораштыру-тикшерү кәгазьләре килеп җиткәндер, күрәсең, вәкаләтле органнарыбызга. Ә синең күңелеңә, җаныңа кем кереп баксын, ди, ул заманнарда да, хәзер дә. Миңа бит анда бер тонна компромат бар, гәрчә бөтен «гаеп» бабама, әтиемә һәм әниемә ягылган тупас яла булса да! Җентекләп, вагын вакка тураклап язып тормыйм. Кабахәт дәүләтнең үзе ошатмаган һәм үзенә рәсми кәгазьләр буенча шикле булып тоелган кешеләрне ничек кысрыклавын, изүен, җәберләвен һәм хәтта юкка чыгаруын хәзер инде һәркем белә. Мин дә боларның бер өлешен үз җилкәмдә татыдым. Иблис мәмләкәтендә башкача була да алмыйдыр ул... 

Тагын бер айдан соң турыдан-туры әйттеләр: «Синең монда бернинди перспективаң юк, әйдә, Казан университетына күч!» – Ә мин ачыктан-ачык аңлатып бирдем: «Йә монда укыйм, йә бүтән беркайда да, беркайчан да укымаячакмын! Аннары, минем кышка таба кайтып китәргә урыным да юк: Арзамас-16 га мине кертмиләр, мин аннан, бүтән кайтмыйм, дип язып һәм кул куеп киттем. Киләсе җәйгә кадәр кусагыз да китә алмыйм!»

Мине ачыктан-ачык кумадылар да. Хәтта стипендия дә түләп тордылар беренче курс азагына кадәр. Түләмәсәләр дә, барып ялынмас идем: алты ел заводларда эшли-эшли, кимендә бер елга җитәрлек мая тупладым. Өстәвенә, миңа деканатта сәркатип булып эшләгән бер татар хатыны да ярдәм итеп торды. Мин аның татарча исемен белми идем, сораштырмадым да, татар хатыны булуын гына хәтерлим. Хәзер ул сиксәннән узгандыр инде. Ул миңа ике мәртәбә – 1971 елның көзендә һәм 1972 елның язында – университет бинасындагы профилакторийга юллама юнәтте. Кыскасы, мин Мәскәүдә бернинди матди кытлык кичермәдем. Иң авыры Мәскәүнең бер генә җирендә дә үзгәрми-алмашынмый торган тынчу һавасы булды. Һәм туры, һәм күчмә мәгънәләрдә.&lt;br&gt;

==== '''Ни бар дуслар бүләгеннән кадерлерәк?''' ====
Беренче семестрны тиешенчә тәмамладым. Аннары, Яңа елдан соң, институтка барып та йөрмәдем. Үзем кирәк дип тапканны тулай торакта укып утырдым. Барыбер китәсемне аңлаганга күрә, деканаттан үземнең «тарихчы» статусымны Сергей Топорищев атлы малайга бирүне үтендем. Зур өстенлек иде ул карьера ясарга теләгән кеше өчен. Аннары Сергейны староста итеп тә куйдылар. Намуслы һәм тырыш егет булып тоелды ул миңа. Ул үзе дә «тарихчылык»ка күчәргә тели иде баштарак. Ләкин соңрак ул яңадан «лингвистлык»ка кире кайткан: әллә түрә яки шымчы булып китәсе килмәгән, әллә дөнья телләренә җан тартуы көчлерәк булган аның... 

Вьетнамнан килгән шәкертләр белән дуслашып киттем. Яз көне мин инде вьетча башка төркемдәшләремнән яхшырак та аңлаша идем. Вьетнамлыларның дусларча мөгамәләсе, алар биргән вьет теле сабаклары кирәгрәк тоелды миңа. Һәм гомумән: корсак түгел, күңел һәм йөрәк идарә итәргә тиеш бит кеше белән. Намуслы булып тугансың икән, намуслы булып яшә һәм үл дә. Намуссызларга исә бернинди үгетләү, киңәш һәм кагыйдә-канун да булышмаска мөмкин... 

1972 елның җәен дә миңа Мәскәүдә, институтның Ломоносов проспектында урнашкан тулай торагында үткәрергә туры килде. Кайтып китәсе кеше булгач, мине студентларның төзелеш отрядына алмадылар. Саровта калган апам миңа: «Мөмкин булса, тагын бераз сабыр ит, мин монда сине шәһәргә кертүләрен үтенеп гариза язармын», – дигән иде бер хатта. Август урталарында ападан җавап килде: «Юк, әлегә кертмәячәкләр. Арзамаска кайтып, эшкә урнаш. Синең бит әле хәрби хезмәтне дә үтәсең бар. Армиядән кайткач, күз күрер...» 

Курсташларым белән хушлаштым да юлга чыктым. Вьетнамлылар миңа 1961 елда нәшер ителгән калын гына бер сүзлек бүләк иттеләр. Кәгазьләре саргаеп, битләре таушалып беткән инде хәзер «62 яшьлек» ядкәрнең. Сүзлек байлыгы да үзгәреп беткән вьет теленең. Вьетнамлылар элеккеге кытай алынмаларын туган телләреннән гел куып кына торалар. Мөмкин булган очракта. Байтак кына сүз кытай, корея, вьет һәм япон телләре өчен уртак булып киткән, аларга кагылмыйлар. Ә мин әле һаман да шул сүзлекнең бер битенә вьетнамлы Ңуен Чын Һао ('''Nguyễn Trần Hào''' – ул укуын тәмамлап, туган иленә кайтып китәргә җыена иде) язып калдырган «васыять»кә турылыклы: '''«Đồng chí nào xem quyển này cần giữ cẩn thận cho»''' – Бу китапны ачкан иптәш аны игътибар белән карасын һәм саклап тотсын. Китапны аңа әтисе Лыоң (Bố Lưỡng) бүләк иткән булган. Аның улын алты ел элек Мәскәүгә озатканда язган сүзләре: '''«Con thân yêu không ngừng phấn khởi nỗ lực học tối... hành tối!..»''' – Кадерле балам, рухлана-рухлана, бар көчеңне куеп укудан һәм камилләшүдән туктама... Югары стильдә чын вьетча язылган нәсихәт бу, аны Google тәрҗемә итә алмый, миңа да мәгънәсен Һао үзе аңлатып биргән иде. Вьетнамлылар аерым сүзләрне гадәттә синонимнары яки аларның эчтәлеген тулыландыра торган башка сүзләр белән бергә парлап кулланалар, мондый кыска сүзтезмәләрнең мәгънәсе кайвакыт тирән булырга мөмкин. 

Шуның белән «Мәскәү чоры» тәмам булды. Һәм Азия-Африка илләре институты белән бәйле хәлләр дә әкренләп хәтернең аулак почмагына күчә башлады. Ләкин... 47 ел вакыт үткәч, һич көтмәгәндә «Мәскәү чорын» кабат искә төшерергә туры килде. 2020 елга керер алдыннан, интернетта шундый хәбәргә тап булдым: «25 декабря 2019 года после тяжёлой и продолжительной болезни скончался… декан ИСАА Владислав Васильевич Ремарчук…» Институтның сайтына кереп карасам... аның турында дистәләгән һәм берсеннән-берсе дулкынландыргыч истәлек... Мин дә хәтеремдә калганны язарга булдым. Минем пост әле хәзер дә... «воспоминания выпускника» (!) дигән сылтама астында ИСАА сайтында сакланып калган: «В начале 1970-х годов в стране ещё шла война. Вьетнамские студенты, обучавшиеся в СССР, отзывались о Владиславе Васильевиче Ремарчуке так: «Он разговаривает по-вьетнамски как простой крестьянин!» Сначала это вызвало у нас смех, но потом мы узнали, что лучше и образнее всех изъясняются по-вьетнамски именно деревенские старики». 

Төркемдәшем Александр Сурмава белән Мәскәүнең Казан вокзалында Бухаресттан Вьетнамга каникулга кайтып килүче шәкертләрне Комсомол проспектының аргы ягындагы күрше вокзалга күчерүебез турындагы язмам да бар иде. Аны соңрак сөртеп ташлаганнар, ахры, быел инде табалмадым. Ханкалага (Пекинга) поезд нәкъ Ярославль вокзалыннан китә иде бит, ә русча бер авыз сүз белмәгән «румын вьетнамлылары» ялгыш Казан вокзалына килгәннәр иде. Өстәвенә, берсе кунакханәдә паспортын да онытып калдырган, ә анда барыр-кайтыр юлны белми. Анысын да кунакханәгә алып барып, яңадан вокзалга кайтарып куярга туры килде. 

Беренче курс азагында ук без вьет телендә аз-маз аралаша ала идек инде. Бу телнең «музыкасы» бигрәк тә йөрәккә ятышлы. Хәзер мин бары тик вьетча укый һәм сүзлек кулланып тәрҗемә итә генә беләм инде. Шуңа да карамастан, берзаман Википедиягә «Вьет теле» дигән шактый күләмле һәм күңелле мәкалә язып элгән идем. Аны хәтта... «айның иң яхшы мәкаләсе» дип тә атадылар шул елда. Гомер буе вьет теле беренче «тел мәхәббәтем», ә вьет сүзлеге Мәскәүдән үз теләгем белән алып кайткан бердәнбер өстәмә мирас булып калды. Институтны тәмамламасам да, аның турында онытылмаслык хатирәләрем бар...

==== '''Төрмә күрми – гүргә керми...''' ====

Ачык Арзамаска барып урнашу алдыннан Саровтан ун-унбиш чакрымда гына урнашкан һәм район үзәге булган Дивеево авылына юл тоттым – апа белән җизнәмне күреп сөйләшү өчен. Хәзерге замандагы кебек кесә телефоннары юк инде ул вакытта, апалар белән хат язышып яисә күрешеп-сөйләшеп кенә хәбәрдә торып була. Дивеевода бер карчык йортында фатирга урнашырга туры килде. Матрёна әбинең хәтердән җуелмаслык табигате – ул татар җырларын тыңларга ярата иде! Җырладым инде, җырладым! Тавышым әле карлыкмаган килеш: «Су буйлап»ны да онытмыйм, алтмышынчы елларда гына иҗат ителгән «Туган ягым»ны да өйрәнгән идем инде. 

Туганнарым исә... мине кабат өметләндерделәр: «Сине шәһәргә алу мөмкинлеге бар әле. Ләкин сиңа моның өчен, яңадан Мәскәүгә барып, институттан һәм МДУ поликлиникасыннан белешмәләр алып кайтырга кирәк булачак», – диделәр. Киттем яңадан башкалага. Моның минем өчен нинди тозак булып китү ихтималы турында уйлап та карамаганбыз беребез дә. Ни әйтсәң дә, без бит дөньяның камил социализм төзүгә ирешкән иң гадел, кайгыртучан һәм алга киткән илендә һәм җәмгыятендә яшибез. Каян белик соң без аның шуңа өстәп бик астыртын да булуын... 

Институттан белешмә алу җиңел булды: «Укуны үз теләге белән тәмамлады», – дип яздылар. Ә менә Чыпчык тауларындагы поликлиникада мине сюрприз көтеп торган икән. Гомер уртасын инде күптән узган табибә ханымның сүзе бик кыска булды: «Хәзер булдырырбыз, ишек төбендә утырып көтеп тор!» – Бераз торгач, ике «ягымлы санитар» килеп җитеп, мине култыклап урамга алып чыктылар да, машинага утыртып, каядыр алып киттеләр. Барасы җиребез... Мәскәү психиатрия хастаханәләренең берсе икән. Теге табибә ханым үзе генә тиешле белешмәне бирә алмый, тәҗрибәле белгечләр генә башкара ала бу эшне, дип аңлаттылар миңа. Каршы килергә ярамавын, үземне мөмкин кадәр тынычрак һәм хәтта ваемсыз тотарга кирәклеген шунда ук чамаладым. 

Беренче төнне миңа «дуамаллар» арасында үткәрергә туры килде. Беркемгә бер сүз әйтмәдем, эндәшүчеләргә җавап бирмәдем, телсез-колаксыз булып китеп, одеялымны ябындым да, икенче якка борылып, йокыга китәргә тырыштым. Үзара сугышып та алдылар бугай «дуамаллар», миңа кагылучы булмады. Берсенең икенчесен «Дерсу Узала!» дип үртәве генә хәтердә калган. Иртә белән «тыныч палата»га күчерделәр. Шунда ук шәфкать туташыннан кәгазь-авторучка һәм конверт сорап алып, апага барысын да аңлатып хат яздым. Урыс телендә. Көндез мине чакыртып алдылар, язган кәгаземне һәм институттан алган белешмәне конверт эченә тыгып, ачык килеш табибка тапшырдым. Барысын да тыныч кына аңлатып бирдем аңа да. Табиб мине тегеләй-болай тикшергән итте, ләкин бернинди «дәва» билгеләмәде. Соңрак та мине артык борчымадылар.&lt;br&gt;

Ун-унике көнләп вакыт үткәндер, «җавап» та килеп иреште: мине... җизнәмнең Мәскәүдә яшәүче туганы очрашу бүлмәсенә чакыртып алды. Институтта укыганда мин аның Чертановода урнашкан фатирына сирәк булса да барып йөри идем. Саровтагы апам белән җизнәм кичекмәстән аңа хәбәр иткәннәр, һәм ул миңа ярдәмгә ашыккан. Табиблар белән дә сөйләшеп алган икән. Шуннан соң мин хастаханәдә... бөтенләй игътибарсыз калдым. Шәфкать туташлары гына килеп хәлемне белеп китәләр иде ара-тирә. Төп-төгәл кырык көн үткәч кенә табиб чакыртып алды: «Ну что, парень, здоровеешь день ото дня на казённых харчах?» – дип каршылады. – «С Вашего позволения, товарищ доктор. Спасибо Вам!» – дип җавап кайтардым мин аңа, хәлемнән килгән кадәр елмаерга тырышып. Миңа Арзамаска кадәр кайтырга тимер юл билеты тоттырдылар: «Больше так не 
болей!» – дип. Ике санитар мине Казан вокзалына кадәр озата барып, поездга утыртып җибәрде. Мин, әлбәттә, «ябык шәһәр»гә керергә дип белешмә-мазар сорап тормадым табиблардан. Иң мөһиме – мин, тумыштан ук һәм әнкәем тәрбиясе буенча совет патриоты, үземнең нинди кыргый золым дәүләтендә яшәвемне бу хакта һичкем белән бәхәсләшмәслек итеп аңладым. Игорь Губерманның ике гаригы моңа «пичәт сугып тора»: 

Киң колачлы төзелешләр түгел,&lt;br&gt;
минем илнең иң төп терәге –&lt;br&gt;
коткы җепселләрен җыеп тоткан&lt;br&gt;
шыксыз бер «контора» кисәге.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Страны моей главнейшая опора –&lt;br&gt;
'''''не стройки сумасшедшего размаха,'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''а серая стандартная контора,'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''владеющая ниточками страха.'''''&lt;br&gt;

Кырыс, әмма гадел хөкем –&lt;br&gt;
бер Алла эше;&lt;br&gt;
төрмә күрми, гүргә керми&lt;br&gt;
Рәсәйдә кеше.&lt;br&gt;
'''''«И я сказал себе: держись,&lt;br&gt;
'''''Господь суров, но прав;'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''нельзя прожить в России жизнь,'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''тюрьмы не повидав».'''''&lt;br&gt;

Мәскәү «кайгыртучылар»ыннан исән-имин котылып кайтып киткәч, Арзамас заводларында һәм оешмаларында эшләдем. Ике тапкыр, 1973 елның яз һәм көз көннәрендә, мине армиягә алган булып, Дзержинскидагы туплау пунктына кадәр илттеләр дә... кире кайтардылар. Әйләнеп кайткан саен тагын ярты ел көтәргә туры килә. Әллә мине килеш-килбәтемә карап кызгандылар да, стройбатка җибәрәселәре килмәде хәрби түрәләрнең, әллә башка сәбәпләр булды. Фатирларда яшәдем, аена 10-12 сум түләп. Соңгы торагым бигрәк тә җайлы булды. Хлебодаровлар өенең подвалында – берүземә бер зур, аерым, җылы һәм бөтен уңайлыклары булган бүлмә. Аны миңа, 1973 елның ноябрендә тагын бер кат армиягә китми калгач, Арзамас ликёр-аракы заводында эшләүче хатыннар табып бирде. Мин шунда эшкә кергән идем. Заводта эшләүче фатир хуҗам белән бәхәсләшкән идем. Ул миңа: «Минем янга эшкә керсәң, мин сине аракы эчәргә өйрәтәм», – диде. Ә мин аңа: «Һе, өйрәтерсең менә!» Юк, эчәргә өйрәтә алмады ул мине. Һәрхәлдә, минем стакан тутырып чөмереп утырганымны күрүче булмады. Ләкин... мин бит намус кешесе, дөресен әйтергә тиешмен: шул заманда эшләп чыгарыла торган теләсә кайсы маркалы һәм сортлы хәмернең тәмен-татын белә идем, спиртлылык процентларын һ.б. күрсәткечләрен дә яшерен дегустация аша ярыйсы гына өйрәндем шул ярты елда. Әнкәем бит мине кызыксынучан итеп тудырган һәм тәрбияләгән иде шул.

=== '''ИЛ «УНИВЕРСИТЕТЛАРЫ»''' ===
==== '''БАМ, Тында, Беркакит...''' ====
'''''Тәкъдир дәфтәреңдә «маҗаралы» дип язылган булса, төрле көтелмәгән хәлләрдән һәм сынаулардан берничек тә котыла алмыйсың.'''''

Ниһаять, 1974 елны (25 яшем тулгач!) май урталарында мине армиягә, Сарытаудагы өйрәнү-өйрәтү частена алып киттеләр. Авиация өчен элемтәчеләр әзерлиләр иде андагы ярты еллык укуда һәм күнегүләрдә. Стройбат түгел инде. Сарытауда мин радиотелеграфчылар әзерләнә торган беренче взводка эләктем. Беренче көннән үк безгә телеграф әлифбасын (морзены) өйрәтергә тотындылар, озынлы-кыскалы пипылдауларны тыңлап, хәрефләр-саннар язып барырга күнектерделәр. Шунда ук үзебез дә әкренләп пипылдата башладык. Өлкән сержант Валерий Соловей исемле белорус егете безнең взвод командиры һәм бердәнбер остазыбыз булды. Беренче класслы радиотелеграфчы булыр өчен, минутына 20 «төркем» кабул итә һәм тапшыра алырга тиешсең. Бер «төркем» – телеграф әлифбасының биш тамгасы ул. Минем күрсәткечләр 14-15 «төркем»нән артмады. 

Ниһаять, июнь урталарында хәрби ант кабул итү көне дә килеп җитте. Башта без полигонга барып, өч тапкыр винтовкадан атарга тиеш идек, соңыннан присягасын кабул итәргә. Ләкин, иртә белән ашханәдә тукланып чыккач, чыдап та булмаслык итеп эчем авырта башлады. Мине шунда ук һоспитальгә озаттылар. Хәрби табиб тикшереп бакты да... елмаеп куйды: «Мин сиңа йоклаткыч дару бирәм, уянгач килерсең!» – Изрәп йоклаганмын, хәтта төшке ашка да соңга калдым. Йокыдан торсам... эчем бөтенләй авыртмый һәм бернәрсә дә борчымый. Тизрәк докторга чаптым: «Иптәш майор, мине кире озатыгыз, зинһар: хәрби ант кабул итәсем бар!» Ә доктор миңа: «Юк инде, монда 
эләктеңме, өч атна карантинда утырачаксың! Эчең пошмасын һәм бүтән авыртмасын өчен, без сине операция ясау бүлмәсенә санитар итеп куябыз. Бар, өйрәнә тор үз вазифаларыңны». Икенче көнне иртүк торып эшкә керештем. Җиһазларны сөртеп, идәннәрне юып чыгардым, операцияләр ясар өчен кирәк-яракны әзерләп куйдым. Һәм тагын егерме көн дә нәкъ шулай үтте. Операция ясаганда хирургка кирәк әйберләрне биреп торам, кичкырын приборларны, операция ясау коралларын, бүлмәне юып чыгарам. Аппендиксны кисеп ташлау – берни дә түгел хирурглар өчен: дүрт-биш көннән соң авыру тәпи йөреп китә. Ә менә геморрой дигәнеңне... Алла сакласын... 

Шулай итеп, мин ике еллык армия хезмәтемдә винтовканы яки автоматны тотып та карамадым, Советлар Берлегенә мәңге тугрылыклы булам дигән хәрби ант та кабул итмәдем. Әлбәттә, шушы өч атна эчендә радиотелеграфчы иптәшләремнән хәрби-һөнәри осталык буенча нык артта калдым. Һоспитальдән кайткач, мине телефончылар взводына күчерделәр. Бу взводның командиры булган сержант «Р» авазын әйтә белми иде: «Взвод гъавняйсь! Смигъно! Гъавнение напгъаво!» – дип команда бирә иде ул. Шунысы гына истә калган. Телеграф ачкычыннан мәхрүм булгач, ничек телефон кәтүген өстерәгәнмендер – хәтерләмим. Бөтенләй булмаган кебек тоела миңа бу «катлаулы күнегүләр»... 

Ноябрьнең 12 сендә мине, армиягә Брянск өлкәсеннән алынган Николай Козлов исемле бер малай белән бергә, Хабаровск каласына юлладылар. Җиде көн бардык, бер поезддан икенчесенә күчеп утырып. Сарытаудан чыгып киткәндә җып-җылы көз көне иде әле. Бишенче көнне иртән йокыдан торып вагон тәрәзәсе аша баксак... шаккаттык: Иркутск өлкәсендәге Зима станциясе, һәм бөтен дөньяны ап-ак кар күмгән. Байкал күлен көньяктан әйләнеп үткәндә ачылган мәһабәт панорама һич онытырлык түгел. Тагын Сквородино торак пункты янындагы шыр ялангач дала һәм үзәкләрне өзә торган көчле җил истә калган. Соңрак җирле халыктан ишетеп белдек: «Бог создал Крым и Сочи, а чёрт – Сквородино и Могочи». 

Ә менә Биробиджан безгә бик ошады: нарат-чыршы урманы аланында күркәм шәһәрчек төзеп куйганнар. Бернинди җил исми, саф һава һәм искитәрлек манзара. «Карале, нинди матур җиргә урнаштырганнар бит яһүдләрне!» Хабаровск исә безне океан ягыннан әкрен генә искән, ләкин җаныңны актарып 
ташлый торган салкын һәм дымлы җиле белән каршы алды. Без 
эзләп тапкан хәрби часть Байкал-Амур магистрале төзелешенә 
озату өчен әзерлек урыны икән. 1975 елның 31 гыйнварында поездга утырып кире якка, Чегдомын шәһәрчегенә киттек, 
1 февральдә килеп тә җиттек БАМ җирлегенә. Урамда – 40 градус салкын, ләкин көн аяз, һава тыныч, җил исми. Кыш көне дә 
кыздыра торган кояшка туп-туры карап җәһәт кенә атласаң яки 
гел хәрәкәтләнеп торсаң – туңмыйсың. 

Тимер юл гаскәрләре төзүчеләре анда безнең боралак отряды өчен өч казарма төзеп куйганнар, боралаклар урнаштыруга аэродром әзерләгәннәр. Безнең бәләкәй генә (200 
кешелек – бер рота солдат, калганнары очучы-офицерлар һәм аэродромда хезмәт итүче белгечләр) хәрби частебыз еллар буе БАМ төзелешенең көнчыгыш өлешен бөтен кирәк-ярак белән тәэмин итеп торырга, төзүчеләрне һәм гаскәриләрне бер урыннан икенчесенә күчереп йөртергә тиеш. Февральскидан алып Комсомольск-Амур шәһәренә кадәр. Барысы да алдан уйланылган, тиешенчә әзерләп куелган иде безнең өчен. Әлбәттә, халык авыз иҗаты Ерак Көнчыгыштагы кырыс табигатьле җирләрнең оҗмах булмавын дөрес чагылдырадыр. Хәтта шундый икеюллык та ишеттек: «БАМ, Тында, Беркакит – голубые дали, мы такие дали... кое-где видали...» 

==== '''Саф погоннар – саф намус''' ====
Чегдомынга килгәннең икенче көнендә үк мине, Анатолий Таболин исемле бер чын белорус малае белән бергә, хәрби частьне дөнья белән тоташтырырга тиешле телефон линияләрен сузарга җибәрделәр. Сарытауда беренче взводта өйрәнгән һәм минем белән бергә Хабаровскига озатылган Николай Козловны радиостанциягә билгеләделәр. Ачык җирләрдә электр баганаларына, урман эчендә агач ботакларына эләктереп һәм беркетеп куябыз тимерчыбыкны. Төннәрне коммутатор кырында үткәрәбез, алмаш-тилмәш дежур торып. Көндез анда офицер хатыннары утыра, ә без планда каралганны һәм командирлар боерганны башкарабыз. Кайвакыт Анатолий белән бергә боерык ирешкәнне көтеп тә тормыйбыз: берәр «нокта» белән элемтә өзелә икән, шунда ук – иртәме, кичме, төн уртасымы – часть дежурына хәбәр биреп, линия буйлап чабабыз, төзәтергә ашыгабыз. Командирлар еш кына белми кала. 

Телефончы хезмәттәшем тәмәке тартучы иде. Ләкин ике-өч көнгә бер кап тәмәке сатып алыр өчен иптәшемнең акчасы җитми. Бик интегә иде ул тартырга бернәрсәсе булмаганда. Урманда эшләгәндә агач төбенә утыра да чын белорусча: «Курыть хачу!» – дип өзгәләнә. Кайбер солдатларга исә әти-әнисе гел акча җибәреп тора. Менә алар инде сигаретларын бер-ике суыра да ташлый торган иде. Ә мин шыпырт кына шул төпчекләрнең «симезрәк»ләрен кесәгә салып барам. Һәм Анатолий тәмәке тартасы килеп сыкрана башлагач, чыгарып та бирәм аңа. 

Коммутаторда төнлә дежур торганда үткәрелгән бер «элемтә сеансы» истә калган. Күршедәге тимер юлчылар ротасыннан бер маҗар милләтле солдат килгән иде. Украинаның Ужгород каласыннан икән. «Әтием-әнием белән сөйләшеп аласы иде, – диде Иштван, – ләкин безнең телефончылар тоташтыра алмыйлар: аппаратуралары иске һәм бик начар. Бәлки син булдыра алырсың». Ә мине, үз тиңдәшемә ярдәм итү теләге генә түгел, маҗарча сөйләшкәнне тыңлау мөмкинлеге дә кызыксындыра. Элемтәне бик озын «чылбыр» буенча урнаштырасы: башта Чегдомыннан Хабаровскины сорыйсың, аннары край башкаласы аша Мәскәүгә чыгасың. Бу кадәресе зур проблемалар тудырмый, без бу юлны ким дигәндә атнага бер тапкыр үтә идек. Маҗаралар Киевка кергәч башлана: җавап тавышы... Кытайдагы кебек кенә ишетелә. Ә инде Украина башкаласыннан Ужгородка төшкәч, бөтенләй берни ишетми башлыйсың. Маҗарча Уңвар дип аталган телефон станциясендәге телефончы кызга егет үзенең өй телефоны номерын аңлатып бирә алды әле. Ә аннан соң... кемнеңдер нәрсәдер лыгырдаганын сиземлисең, ләкин мәгънәсенә һич төшенерлек түгел. Ә теге якта безне ишетәләр дә, аңлыйлар да, ә без... интегәбез. Маҗар егете адым саен бөтен штабта ишетерлек итеп кычкыра: «Hogy? Hogy?» (Нәрсә? Ничек?) Сөйләштеләр, азмы-күпме аңлаштылар. Ә мин сүзлексез дә төшенерлек беренче маҗар сүзен отып калдым.

Күп еллар үткәч, Маҗарстан дәүләт гимнының сигез куплеты да татар теленә шактый төгәл һәм җырланырлык шигырь рәвешендә тәрҗемә ителде. Бик гыйбрәтле монументаль гимн. Аңарда – маҗарларның, Көнбатыш Себердән чыгып китеп, мең ел буе «Ватан эзләп» кылган сәяхәтенең кыскача тарихы. Алар бабаларыбыз яшәгән җирләр аша үткәндә чын «телләр әңгәмәсе» булган, күрәсең: хәзерге заман маҗар телендә дә 800 дән артык төрки-кыпчак сүзе сакланып калган. Угыз кавеме төркиләреннән алынган сүзләр азрак та әле.  

 * * *&lt;br&gt; 

Элемтә взводын әле егерме бер яшен генә тутырган лейтенант Топалов җитәкли. Кырымда туып үскән, милләте буенча болгар. Ярты еллап вакыт үткәч, 1975 елның көзендә ул мине сержант итеп күтәрергә һәм казармаларыбыз янында гына урнашкан радиостанциягә өлкән итеп күчерергә теләде. Мин исә, ни булса шул булыр дип, офицерга турыдан-туры әйттем: «Иптәш лейтенант, миннән бернинди командир чыкмаячак, чөнки мин, кемнедер мәҗбүр итүгә караганда, барысын да үзем эшләп ташлауны артыграк күрәм. Аннары, мин радиостанцияләрне бөтенләй белмим. Мине телефончы һәм рядовой итеп калдырсагыз, хәерлерәк булыр иде, минемчә...» – дидем. Армиядә боерыкка буйсынмаган кешене катгый җәза көтә. Әмма, ни хикмәт, бу очракта алай булмады. Күк йөзе кебек ачык зәңгәр төстәге погоннарым да, хәрби намусым да саф килеш калды. 

Ә менә рота старшинасы... мин аның шул еллардагы йөзен һәм гәүдәсен бүген дә күз алдыма китерә алам әле. Яртылаш татар канлы (әнисе ягыннан) прапорщик Иван Бякин иде ул. Баһадир гәүдәле, казакларча кыйгачланып киткән мыек үстергән. Кырыс та, таләпчән дә була ала, ләкин искиткеч кешелекле һәм гадел командир. Үзең дә шундый була белсәң. Нәкъ менә прапорщик Бякинның көчле рухы һәм ихтыяры белән безнең ротада «бабайлык» дигән галәмәт булмады: «салагасы-карты» бергә эшләде, бертигез ашады, чиратлап каравылда яки дежур торды, нарядка йөрде. Ризасызларны шунда ук тимер юлчылар карамагына «хезмәт тәрбиясе»нә озаталар иде. Җир тәмугына – таулар-сопкалар астында тоннельләр ерырга. Һәм тора-бара Совет Армиясе өчен «яңалык» булган тәртипне солдатлар да хуплый башлады.

Берзаман ротага дүрт әрмән малаен китерделәр. Беришесе пахан булып китәргә ниятләгәндер, күрәсең. Беркөнне төнлә шуларның өчесе йоклаган солдатларны урыннарыннан торгызып җәберләргә тотынды. Дүртенчесе, кып-кызыл чәчлесе, Мужикян фамилиялесе, катнашмады: ул бик чандыр гәүдәле һәм көчсез малай иде. Шуннан бөтен рота күтәрелеп, теге җитешеп бетмәгән өч «пахан»ны эт итеп кыйнады. Командир аларның өчесен дә иртә белән БАМга тоннель казырга озатты. Мужикян исә безнең белән калды. 

Баштарак безнең БАМдагы тормышыбыз бик сикәлтәле сукмаклар буйлап дыңгырдады. Штабта һәм солдатлар казармасында тәртип урнашты, ә менә офицерлар казармасында... 
пычракта, көн саен аракы эчеп, исерешеп яталар. Боралакларда очучы һәм техникага хезмәт күрсәтүче офицерлар ризасызлык белдерә: аларның гаиләләре шәһәрдә фатирларда яши, ә үзләрен монда казармада тоталар, чөнки ашыгыч рәвештә – иртәме, кичме, төнләме – БАМга очып чыгып китү ихтыяҗы гел булып тора.

Мондый киеренкелек яхшыга илтә торган нәрсә түгел инде ул. «Маҗаралар»... солдатлар казармасында башланып китте. 18 февраль көнне кичкырын ротабызга үз теләге белән... «наташа» килде (шулай тукайча атыйк инде без бу персонажны, гәрчә безнең арада маташырга ашкынып торган Казан байлары булмаса да). Солдатлар кочегар бүлмәсен «уйнаш йорты» иткәннәр, һәм «наташа» үзенә 18 яшь тулган тәүлектә төн чыгып 18 солдатка «хезмәт күрсәткән». Мин коммутаторда утырдым бу төнне, барысын да ишетеп-белеп тордым, ләкин дежур офицерга хәбәр итмәдем. Һәм аннан соң да, 14 ай хезмәт итеп, кемне булса да әләкләгәнебез булмады. Мин дә, иптәшем Анатолий 
Таболин да.&lt;br&gt;
* * *&lt;br&gt; 
Намуслы булып хезмәт иттек, «лычка» өчен анасын да сата торганнар булмадык! БАМдагы боралак отрядында хәрби хезмәт көне-төне эштә үтә, монда һәр кешенең намусы һәм аңлы җаваплылыгы алга чыга, «службаны аңлата торган» мәгънәсез армия уеннарына вакыт та, мөмкинлек тә калмый. Боралак бит ул – уенчык түгел, ә мондый кырыс климат һәм бөтен рельеф төрләре булган урын-җир шартларында бик тә хәвефле бер очкыч аппарат. Тора-бара командирлар нәкъ шундый психология һәм чынбарлык урнаштырдылар хәрби частьта. Башкача мөмкин идеме соң? Бездә дә булды бит шундый бер хәл соңрак: боралакларыбызның берсе, моторы эшләми башлап, төнлә 30 метр биеклектән мәтәлеп төшкән. Бәхетебез: төп пилот – хәрби 
частебыз командиры капитан Филимонов үзе! – чын һөнәри осталык иясе булган икән. Экипаждан бер генә кеше дә зыян күрмәгән. Боралакны ремонтка озаттылар.

'''ФОТО:''' МИ-8 боралагы

Кыска вакытлы, ләкин «чын тәртип урнаштыручы маҗаралар»ның дәвамы ике көннән соң, 20 февральдә, якшәмбе көнне булды. Офицерлар казармасы янып бетте. Казарма бүлмәләренең берсендә булган газ баллоннары шартлады. Ләкин ут безнең 20 метр ераклыкта торган казармабызга күчмәде, Ходай саклады безне бу бәладән. Шуннан соң офицерларны Чегдомынга гаиләләре янына күчерделәр, фатирларына кичекмәстән телефон үткәрделәр. Кирәк вакытта бик тиз генә чакыртып алып була иде теләсә кайсысын. Частьның подполковник дәрәҗәсендәге командирын алмаштырдылар, аның урынына алдарак телгә алынган капитан Филимоновны куйдылар. Атна-ун көн дигәндә частьта чын тәртип урнашты. Рәхәтләнеп хезмәт иттек без БАМдагы боралак отрядында! 

Һәм мине, телефончы рәвешендә частьтагы эчке тормыш турында шактый хәбәрдар булып торсам да, командирлар беркайчан да әләкчелеккә мәҗбүр итмәделәр. Боралак отрядында нәкъ киресенчә булды. Бер «стукач» (украин малае) бар иде безнең ротада, ләкин аны бик тиз акылга утырттылар. Чөнки – гаҗәеп хәл! – әләкчеләрне офицерлар да яратмый иде. 

==== '''Шәхси Буреябыз ташымады''' ==== 
Җәй көне, боралак отрядындагы хезмәтебез урнашып-җайланып беткәч, солдатлар өчен дә Чегдомынга чыгып йөрү мөмкинлеге ачылды. Халык белән аралаша, шахтачылар тормышы белән кызыксына башлады иптәшләребез. Кайберләре хәтта кызлар белән дә танышып китте, алар янына барып йөри башлады. Анатолий белән минем ирек чиклерәк булды, безнең эшебез бик тыгыз иде. Линияләрне төзәтеп йөргәндә генә очрашып сөйләшә алдык җирле кешеләр белән. Бервакыт без тайгада... ял итәргә чыккан татар гаиләсен очраттык. Кунакка да чакырганнар иде мине... тәки бер тапкыр да бара алмадым. Телефон аша гына сөйләшә идем кичләрен алар белән үзем коммутаторда дежур торганда...

Урманда телефон линияләрен караштырып-төзәтеп йөргәндә безне Төньяк Кореядан килгән һәм физик яктан бик куәтле урман кисүчеләр гаҗәпләндерде: метр ярымнан аз гына калкурак ике кореялы, киселгән һәм чистартылган бүрәнәләрне ыргаклы таяклар белән ике яктан эләктереп алып, трап буйлап йөк машинасының әрҗәсе өстенә эһ дигәндә менгезеп тә куя! Безнекеләр бу эшкә дүртәү җигелә... 

БАМдагы хезмәтнең беренче елында тагын ике вакыйга һәм берничә хезмәттәшем турында хатирәләр дә күңелдә җуелмаслык булып саклана. Үз хәрби хезмәтен бик оста, әмма 
гадәти булмаган ысул белән тәмамлаган бер Мәскәү малаеннан башларга кирәктер. Исем-фамилиясен хәтерләмим аның. Һәр абзарда бер буклы сарык була, диләр бит. Бусы 
нәкъ шул «токым»нан. Үтә дә ялкау һәм җавапсызлыкка һәвәс иде ул. Урысча әйтсәк, «пофигист» инде. Офицерлар аны боралакларга якын да җибәрми, егетне күбрәк каравылга һәм нарядларга йөрттеләр. Һәм иркә мәскәүлегә монысы да туйдыргандыр, күрәсең. «Офицерлар да гарык булып бетмәгән микән моңардан?» – дигән сорау урынсыз булмагандыр, әлбәттә. Берзаман бу малай... акылдан язган һәм аны Хабаровск психиатрлары карамагына озатканнар, дигән сүз чыкты. Край башкаласында аны төрлечә тикшереп караганнар: симулянт түгелме, янәсе. Һәм ахыр чиктә чыннан да... «ычкынган» дип таныганнар да Мәскәүгә кайтарып җибәргәннәр. Озак та үтми, малайдан хат килеп төште. Сүзләрен шул еллардагы популяр җырдан алып: «Вы служите, мы вас подождём!» – дип язган бу «псих» үз взводташларына. 

Безнең ротада миннән кала тагын бер татар малае бар иде. Фидаил исемле, Башкортстанның Бүздәк районыннан. Аның хезмәте бик җайлы иде: офицерлар ашханәсендә эшләде ул. Буш вакытта без икәү шахмат уйный һәм татарча сөйләшә идек. Рота старшинасы прапорщик Иван Бякин моны күреп-белеп торды, ул бездән бермә-бер яхшырак уйный иде. Үрнәк хезмәте өчен Фидаилгә ике атналык ял бирделәр, туган авылына барып кайтты ул. «Сөйгән кызым мине көтеп тормаган, кияүгә чыккан...» – ди, чак кына еламый үзе. Язмыш бу, аңардан узып булмый, дип юатырга тырыштым милләттәшемне. 

Истә калырлык вакыйгаларның беренчесе июнь башында Чегдомын аэропортында булды. Анатолий белән икәү анда... энцефалит талпаны тешләүдән тайгада һәлак булган тимер юлчы солдатларның үле гәүдәләрен күрдек. Табутлар таба алмаганнардыр инде ул вакытта, мәетләрне өске киемнәренә һәм шинельләренә төреп китергәннәр иде. Йөзләре ачык килеш... һәм сап-сары. Безнең отрядта талпаннан зыян күрүчеләр булмады. Командирлар безне бу хакта язга чыкканда ук кисәтеп-өйрәтеп куйганнар иде. 

Икенче вакыйга – август башында өч көн бертуктаусыз яуган яңгырдан соң Амур кушылдыгы булган Бурея елгасының ярларыннан ташып чыгуы. Җирле халык өчен гадәти, ел саен кабатлана торган күренеш. Су бит анда тирә яктагы бихисап сопкалардан бик тиз агып төшә, һәм шактый киң бассейнлы елга чын Идел кебек җәелеп китә. Чегдомын тирәсендә кеше яши торган торак пунктлар күп түгел. Иң зурысы – Урта Ургал дип атала. Су бу авылга кадәр үк менеп җитмәгән иде, ул, безнең казармалар һәм Чегдомынның өске өлеше кебек үк, калкулык өстендә урнашкан. Чегдомынны ике яктан уратып алган Бурея кушылдыклары шәһәрнең аскы өлешенә дә зыян китермәде, болынны гына су баскан иде. Елга агызып бара торган йорт хайваннары үләксәләре һәм хәтта агач корылмалар, бәләкәйрәк йортлар да югарыдан, төньяктан килгән булса кирәк. Бу «туфан» озакка бармады: ике-өч көннән соң кызу характерлы, бик тиз агымлы һәм елның елында кат-кат су астында кала торган мең тугайлы Бурея үзенең табигый ярларына кереп урнашты. 

Бу елдагы соңгы «маҗара»ның Ерак Көнчыгыштагы кырыс климатка һәм кыргый табигатькә бернинди кагылышы юк. Ул күбрәк... минем 26 яшьлек «шәхси Буреям»ның үзе күнеккән гадәти ярларыннан ташып чыкмавы турында сөйли. Яңа ел алды киче, 1975 елның 31 декабре. Армия хезмәтенең соңгы ярты елына керәбез, дип куана боралак отрядындагы солдатларның төгәл яртысы (безнең «хәрби чакырылыш» шундый зур күпчелектә иде). Минем өчен гадәти көннәрнең берсе: кичке ашны ашаганнан соң, көндез коммутаторда эшләгән офицер хатынын алмаштырырга дип штаб казармасына киттем. Унсигез яшьлек кенә, Л. исемле, теләсә кемне гашыйк итәрлек чибәр. Туташкаем инде ярым исерек, һәм аның нигәдер тиз генә өенә кайтып китәсе дә килми. Шулвакыт ул, юбкасын бераз күтәрә төште дә, болай ди: «Фәһим, кара әле, минем аякларым нинди төз һәм матур!» Сүз дә юк, төз дә, матур да, ләкин... «Юк, Л., мин моңа әзер түгел...», – дидем дә чыгып киттем. Әйләнеп килгәндә, Л. юкка чыккан иде инде. 

Ул хәрби частьтән читтәрәк урнашкан радиостанциягә киткән һәм төне буе зифа буйлы гәүдәсе белән анда дежур торган сержантның күңелен күргән икән. Һәм бу хакта часть командиры беренче булып белеп алган. Кем хәбәр иткәндер, белми калдык. Яңа 1976 елның беренче көнне иртүк өлкән командирыбыз әлеге сержантны якасыннан тотып алып... тимер юл гаскәрләренә озаткан. Туташның 30 яшьлек ире (боралак йөртүче) килеп җиткәнче үк. Сержант соңрак ротадагы дусларына хат та язып җибәргән иде: «Нигә мин шул фахишәгә кул суздым соң?..» – дип. Ерак Көнчыгыш кызларының һәм хатыннарының җенси активлыгы, дәртле табигате һәм «һөнәри осталыгы» турында без төннәрен Урта Ургалга самоволкага йөри торган солдатлардан ишетеп белә идек инде. Кемнең кая йөргәнен командирлар беләләр, ләкин солдат теләсә кайсы вакытта да үз вазифаларын төгәл һәм тырышлык күрсәтеп үти торган булса, моңа игътибар итмиләр иде. Ялкаулансаң – тоталар да «хезмәт тәрбиясе»нә – тоннельләр казырга озаталар. Боралак отряды армия төрмәсе түгел, тырыш хезмәт, аңлы тәртип һәм дисциплина мәктәбе булды безнең өчен. 

Дөресен әйткәндә, бу хәл минем шул җөмләдәге беренче «куркаклыгым» һәм «җебегәнлегем» булмады. Советлар Берлегендә ирекле секс юк, дигән рәсми караш яши иде. Ә мин – «законопослушный гражданин»! Әле Мәскәүдә укыганда да шундый бер «канәгатьләнү» мөмкинлегеннән баш тарткан идем. Бусы инде институтны ташлап, Арзамаска кайтып 
китәр алдыннан булды. Яңа абитуриентлар килгәч, безнең тулай торакта аларның беренче имтиханда ук «икеле» алганнары белән үткәрелгән «очрашу кичәсе»ндә миңа ап-ак кашлы, бик чибәр һәм күңелле бер блондинка белән бергә утырырга туры килде. Ләкин эшнең тагын бер урыс җырындагыча тәмамланачагын сиземләгәч («Все подружки по парам в тишине разбрелися...»), мин шыпырт кына ычкыну җаен таптым. Соңрак егетләр мине моның өчен нык орыштылар... 

Әтисез үскән ир кеше тормышның мондый четерекле вазгыятьләрендә йә дуамал, тотнаксыз һәм пырдымсыз булып китә, йә үтә дә сак һәм тыйнак буладыр ул. Моңа нигез сала торган табигатьне исә аның канына, алдарак әйткәнемчә, бала чакта ук үз яшьтәшләре сеңдерә... БАМдагы телефончы хезмәттәшем Анатолий да бу тарафтан миңа «теләктәш» иде. Гәрчә ул инде, үзе әйтмешли, «саф егет» булмаса да. Ул баштарак, төнлә коммутаторда дежур торганда Чегдомын кызлары килеп, бүлмә тәрәзәсенә бармак чиертәләр, үзләре янына чыгарга чакыралар, дип сөйли иде. Һәм мин аңа «файдалы киңәш» бирдем: «Ә син минем кебек, тәрәзәне менә шушы катыргы кәгазь белән томалап куй да, тегеләргә игътибар итмә!» Тора-бара Чегдомынның актив кызлары аны борчымый башладылар. Безнең «шәхси Буреябыз» тәртипле һәм инсафлы булды. 

==== '''«Сез анда, Русиядә, аңламыйсыз...»''' ====
Берзаман, инде дембель булып өйгә кайтып китәр алдыннан, Чегдомынның шахмат беренчелегендә уйнаганда, җирле шахтачылардан сораштыра башлаган идем: «Ничек мондый авыр хезмәткә, кырыс климатка, тормыш уңайсызлыкларына түзәсез?» – дип. «Сез анда, Русиядә (!), безнең нинди иркен тормышта рәхәтләнеп яшәвезне белмисез. Сез кол булып гомер сөрергә өйрәнеп беткәнсез, күнеккәнсез инде!..» – диделәр. Ерак Көнчыгышның рухи ирек эстәгән халкы ярты гасыр элек тә үзен нигездә русияле дип санамый иде инде. Шуңа күрә соңгы елларда Хабаровск крае губернаторы Сергей Фургал белән булган «катавасия» һич кенә дә очраклы хәл түгел, минемчә. Ерак Көнчыгыш халкы үзен күрсәтми калмас әле алга таба да, инде котылгысыз булып китә башлаган тетрәнүләрдә һәм үзгәрешләрдә... 

Чегдомынның шахмат беренчелегендә уйнавым – үзе бер хатирә. 1976 елның апрель ае азагында без «дембель аккорды» дип аталган эшкә керешергә тиеш идек. Элегрәк янган казарманы бездән алдарак өйләренә кайтып киткән солдатлар сүтеп бетергән һәм аның урынын тигезләп куйган иде. Безгә исә шунда, Бурея елгасы буендагы болыннан куптарып алып, чирәм утыртырга кирәк булды. Бурея болыннарын ел саен язын һәм август аенда, берничә көн барган көчле яңгырлардан соң, су баса. Һәм бер елдан соң анда яңадан чирәм үсеп чыга. Кырыс климат шартларында үсемлекләр дә, бөтен табигать тә әрсезләнеп китә икән. 

Ләкин «дембель аккорды» мине читләтеп үтте. Старшинабыз Бякин һич көтмәгәндә миңа болай диде: «Син инде үзеңә тиешлесен эшләдең монда. Әйдә, киттек шахмат уйнарга...» Унөч көн бергә Чегдомын беренчелегендә катнаштык. Минем элемтә взводындагы урыныма алмаш килеп җиткән иде инде: бер азәрбайҗан малае телефончы булып калды миннән соң. Старшинабыз, турнирда өченче урынны алып, бакыр медальле булды. Минем өчен алтынчы урын да зур казаныш һәм гомер буе онытылмаслык истәлек иде. Уникенче майда, армиядә тапкан яңа дусларым белән мәңгегә саубуллашып, командирларыма рәхмәт әйтеп... Ерак Көнчыгыштан Русиягә кайтып киттем. Хезмәттәшем Анатолийны, яңа телефончыларны эшкә өйрәтү өчен, тагын бер айдан артык тотканнар. Мин әле тагын ярты ел бездән соңрак килгән солдатлар белән ара-тирә хат язышып тордым. Әлбәттә, үзем дә бик теләп риза булган булыр идем яңа телефончыларны эшкә күнектерергә, командирлар кушкан булса. 

==== '''Саха егете Баһылай''' ====
Кемнәрдер үзенең армия хезмәтен, аның азагында «бабай» булып китеп, тырай типкәне, кәеф-сафа корганы өчен генә искә ала. Ә мин Ерак Көнчыгышны... иркенләп, ихлас күңелдән хезмәт итүем һәм башка бер җирдә дә очрата алмаслык нәрсәләрне күреп-ишетеп белүем өчен бүген дә онытмадым әле. Әйтик, Баһылай исемле (урысчасы – Василий) бер саха-якут малаеннан отып алган сүзләрне һәм җөмләләрне ничек хәтердән җуясың, ди?! Мәсәлән: «Эн миигиттэн тугу ылаары кинэҕийн? Хата харахха биэрэбиний!» (Син миннән нәрсә алырга ымсынасың? Күз төбеңә берне тондырырмын менә!). Яки: «Тыаҕа хааман, биир тииҥ көрөн баран куоттаран кэбистим» (Урманда йөргәндә, бер тиенне күреп алып, куып барып тота алмадым). Баһылай белән аралашу минем өчен, утыз еллап вакыт үткәч... саха әлифбасын һәм фонетикасын өйрәнүгә этәргеч булды. Чөнки саха җырчылары арасында яртылаш татар канлы, тиңдәшсез матур тавышлы Ангелина Фәйрушина булуы үзе бер искиткеч ачыш иде минем өчен. 2010 елдан соң мәрхүмәнең иҗатын аның ике кызы дәвам итте. Саха җире Татарстанныкыннан кырык дүрт тапкыр зуррак. Һәм анда нибары ярты миллион саха кешесе яши. Төбәк халкының яртысы гына. Татарлар саны – бер проценттан да түбәнрәк. 

Оймяконда (суыклык котыбында!) туып үскән, үзе орчык буйлы гына, ләкин курку белмәс саха-якут малае Баһылай, кызганычка каршы, бик аз хезмәт итте боралак jтрядында. Җиңелрәк климат шартларында аның туберкулёзы ачылды. Туган якларына кайтарып җибәрделәр егетне. Ә мин... саха телендә аз булса да сөйләшергә өйрәнә алмый калдым. Саха-Якутия Җөмһүриятенең мәһабәт һәм горур гимны текстын, ниһаять, 2026 ел башында тәрҗемә иттем:&lt;br&gt;

1. Сахам җире, шәрык нурларында&lt;br&gt;
иминлек һәм бәхет яулыйсың,&lt;br&gt;
җиңүләргә әйдәп баруыңда&lt;br&gt;
мәгъриб алмазы күк балкыйсың...&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымтасы:'''''&lt;br&gt;
Көч җый һәм үс, Сахам җире, ныгы,&lt;br&gt;
Изге Ватан, дан-шөһрәтләр тупла.&lt;br&gt;
Илебезнең күрке-горурлыгы,&lt;br&gt;
Синдәй иркен, юмарт Җирдә юк ла!&lt;br&gt;

2. Күп тармаклы Лена ярларында –&lt;br&gt;
Терек суы, бәрәкәт тулы:&lt;br&gt;
Гүя дуслык-куәт алкынында&lt;br&gt;
Халыкларга тынычлык юлы.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымтасы.'''''&lt;br&gt;

3. Саха җире, кодрәт иңгән нурың&lt;br&gt;
Гасырлардан безгә юл сала.&lt;br&gt;
Дәвам иттек ата-баба юлын,&lt;br&gt;
Тугры булып калыйк без аңа.&lt;br&gt;
'''''Кушымтасы.'''''&lt;br&gt;

==== '''«Белдекле дә, гадел дә!»''' ====
«Ачык һәм ирекле» Арзамаска барып, хәрби комисариатта калган документларымны алгач, Хлебодаровларга кереп, аларда калган китапларымны чемоданга төяп, хуҗалар белән хушлашкач, Татарстанга ашыктым. Туп-туры авылга кайттым, «КАМАЗ»га түгел әле. Колхоз рәисе Фаяз абый Хәйсаров: «Әлегә авылда кал, ял ит, көзгә таба Чаллыга китәрсең, – диде. – Син инде авыл кешесе түгелсең, монда тамыр җәя алмассың...» – дип, бик дөрес акыл бирде миңа. Спорт оештыручысы итеп эшкә алып, аена 70 сум түләп тордылар, өстәвенә комсомол эшләрен дә җайга салырга тиеш идем. Соңгысын булдыра алмадым, «оештыру сәләтем» юк иде. Ә күрше авыллар белән спорт чараларын рәхәтләнеп үткәрдек.&lt;br&gt;

'''ФОТО:''' '''''«Коминтерн» колхозын 26 ел буе җитәкләгән Фаяз абый Хәйсаров (уртада, түбәтәй кигән) 2019 елда 85 яшьлек юбилеен үткәрә; уң ягында – җәмәгате Равия апа.''''' 

Июнь аенда Буа районына концертлар куярга килгән Илһам абый Шакировның Толымбайга килүе хәтергә сеңеп кала торган бер вакыйга булды. Авыл җитәкчеләре һәм сәнгать һәвәскәрләре, аның белән очрашып сөйләшкәндә, мине дә, комсомол сәркатибе булганга, чакырдылар. Үзем сүз катмадым, тыңлап кына тордым, ул вакытта мин бик тыйнак идем әле. Концерт кичке сигездә башланырга тиеш иде. Бу хакта алдан ук хәбәр тараткан булсалар да, халык тиз генә җыелмады. Илһам абыйның моңа исе дә китмәде: «Гадәти күренеш бу, колхоз кырларында эшнең кызган чагы, – диде. – Тагын бер-ике сәгать көтәбез». 

Клубка җыелган малайларга-кызларга: «Барыгыз, авылны «уятып чыгыгыз!» – дип йомыш куштылар. Кичке сәгать унда тамаша залы шыгрым тулы иде инде. Илһам абый ике сәгать ярымнан артык җырлады. Инде гадәттә концертларны тәмамлый торган Батырҗан ариясе дә башкарылды, ә халык мәшһүр җырчы белән хушлашырга уйламый да: алкышлый-алкышлый өч мәртәбә җырлаттылар. Өченче тапкыр сәхнәгә чыккач, Илһам абый шаяртып: «Ярар, җәмәгать, чөгендер сирәкләтергә туп-туры моннан китәрсез, өйгә кайтып тормассыз инде», – диде.

Август башында Түбән Камага киттем, әтием һәм аның гаиләсе белән кабат күрешергә. Комсомол билетымны, Казанга хәтле поездга утырып барганда, вагон тәрәзәсе аша... Апас районы кырларына тондырдым. Дүрт айдан соң барыбер комсомол яшеннән чыгам ич. Һәм 1976 елның 6 августында «КАМАЗ»ның ремонт һәм инструментлар заводындагы дүртенче цехка беренче тапкыр эшкә чыктым. Сырлар шомартучы итеп алдылар, бер разрядымны киметеп: «Хезмәт практикаң күптән юк, тәҗрибәлерәкләр белән тиңләшә алмассың...» – дип. 

Беркем каршында ким-хур булмасам да, разрядымны ике елдан соң гына кире кайтардылар. Һичкемнән бернәрсә сорамадым, беркайчан да, бернидән дә, беркемнән дә зарланмадым. Алга таба җитәкчелек барысын да – бәлки кайчак соңарыбрактыр да, ләкин инде һичсүзсез «килеп терәлгәч» – үзе биреп торды. Бу язмада – алдагы бүлекләрдә дә, моннан соңгыларында да – кайбер вакыйгаларны санап кына үтәм, аларны оештырган «персонажлар»ны телгә алмыйм... 

Ел ярым вакыт үткәч, гаиләле булдым. Цехта кияүгә чыкмыйча да рәхәтләнеп һәм иркен яшәгән яки ирдән аерылган хатыннар байтак иде. Минем күз шуларның иң күрексез дип санала торганына төште: миннән бер яшькә кечерәк Асиягә. Ул 28 яшен тутырып килә. Намуслы һәм гыйффәтле булуы моңсу йөзендә үк чагылып тора. Шәһәрдә туып-үсеп, урыс мәктәбендә укыган булса да, татарча иркен сөйләшә һәм укый-яза белә. Ә миңа нәкъ шундый пар кирәк тә. 1979 елның августында мин аны Мәскәүгә алып барып, совет башкаласы һәм үземнең «истәлекле урыннарым» белән таныштырдым. Биш көн буе җизнәмнең Чертановода яшәүче һәм мине җиде ел элек «медицина» кочагыннан йолып алган туганында кунак булдык. Бер-бер артлы Зөһрә белән Гөлнарабыз туды. Башта бер, аннары ике бүлмәле «малосемейка» алдык. Хатынымның профкомда «үз кешесе» бар иде, Равил безгә һәрвакыт ярдәм итеп торды. 

Шуннан соң, озак та үтми... винт ырмаулаучы булып эшли алмаслык хәлгә килдем. Кулларымда терсәккә кадәр тире бозыла башлады. Станогымның суыткыч маена... селте өстәгән булганнар. Смена буенча алмашчымны, аның да кулларына зыян китермәс өчен, башка станокта эшләтеп торганнар. Соңрак станокның маен тулысынча түгеп алмаштырдылар «Махсус операция» үзе дә, аны оештыручыларның һәм «каплап торучылар»ның исемнәре дә сер булмады, бөтен хезмәттәшләр белеп торды. Мин «коры эш»кә күчәргә мәҗбүр булдым. Фатир алганчы түзәргә, заводтан китмәскә кирәк иде...&lt;br&gt;

'''ФОТО:''' '''''КАМАЗның Ремонт-инструмент заводы, 1983 елга кадәр бергә эшләгән хезмәттәшләрем: кырдыручылар, фрезерчылар, шомартучылар һәм эш бүлеп бирүче кыз. Арттагы рәтнең сул кырыенда Фәһим – винт ырмаулаучылардан берьялгызы. Башка һөнәрдәшләр «түбән сортлы» кешеләр сафына басарга теләмәделәр...''''' 

Гомумән алганда, участок һәм цех эшчеләре белән мөнәсәбәтем яхшы иде. Бары тик тырышып, эш рәтен белеп эшләвем һәм математикага нигезләнгән барлык исәп-хисапларны, технологларга мөрәҗәгать итеп тормыйча, мөстәкыйль башкаруым аркасында «тәкәбберлек зыяны» күргән югарырак разрядлы һөнәрдәшләр генә мине өнәп бетермәде. Бигрәк тә тагын яшьләргә – үз теләгем белән, беркем кушмыйча – ярдәм итә башлагач. Өстәвенә мине Чаллы янындагы авылдан килгән бер татар малаена остаз итеп тә беркеттеләр бит әле. Өйрәттем аны да: Әхмәтнур икенче разрядлы сыр шомартучы булып китте. Бер сменада эшләдек, гадирәк операцияләрне үзе башкара башлады, катлаулыраклары булса, ярдәмгә килеп тордым. 

Хезмәттәшләрем мине профсоюз утырышларының берсендә шәһәр мәхкәмәсенә халык утырышчысы итеп җибәрергә тәкъдим иттеләр. Белдекле дә, гадел дә ул, диделәр. Цех җитәкчелеге алдан билгеләгән кеше һич көтмәгәндә бу өстәмә, әмма мактаулы эштән баш тартты. Ярты елга бер тапкыр, дүрт мәртәбә икешәр атна мәхкәмәдә утырдым. Елга ике мәртәбә айның иң яхшы винт ырмаулаучысы була идем: үзебезнең мастер ханым җәйге ялга киткәч һәм кыш көне чирдән дәвалануга чыккач. Моның өчен өстәмә премия бирәләр иде.

Һәм тагын бер кызыклы хәл истә калган. Берзаман мин, ни сәбәпледер чыгырымнан чыгып, бер кеше белән ызгышып киткән идем. Ләкин цехтагы хезмәттәшләр, сорашып һәм ике дә уйлап тормыйча, миннән «зыян күргән» кешене гаепләделәр: «Это как же надо дрочить Фагима, чтобы он с тобой поссорился?!» – дип. 

==== '''«Г» хәрефе сыман...''' ====
1983 елның 6 августында («КАМАЗ»да эшли башлавыма төп-төгәл җиде ел тулгач!) өч бүлмәле аерым фатирга күчтек. Ләкин моның өчен мин... эштән китәргә мәҗбүр булдым. Чөнки миңа ике бүлмәле «малосемейка»да ремонт ясап калдырыр өчен эшләгән өч отгулымны бирмәделәр, гәрчә ай башында әле бернинди кичектергесез эш-аврал яки башка сәбәп булмаса да. Балаларыбыз ике-өч яшьлек кенә, аларны калдырып торырга урын да юк. Ә хатыныма эшләгән отгулларын бирделәр, каршылык булмады. Нишләргә? Өч «прогул» ясарга туры килде миңа. Цех башлыгына хәлне аңлатып биргәч, мине җәзага тартмадылар, эштән киткәндә гаризада һәм хезмәт кенәгәсендә «үз теләге белән» дип яздырттылар. 

Озакламый, мин заводтан киткәч, элеккеге «үзтеләкле көн дәшләрем» Әхмәтнурны да кысрыклап чыгарганнар. Ничек соң инде түзеп торасың, ди, 1980 нче, шовинизмның шайтан таягы әле гөрләп чәчәк аткан елларда бу «татарва»га! Участокта татарлардан булган «эшче интеллигентлар» (винт ырмаулаучылар) калмады. Үткер һәм чая малай иде ул Әхмәтнур: фатир алырга чираты җиткән татар кызына өйләнеп өлгерде шушы ике ел эчендә. Заводтан киткәч, шәһәрдә шофёр булып эшләде ул мин белгән вакытта. Балалары да бар иде аның. 

Яңа урында хезмәт хакым шактый кимеде, ләкин бу кадәресе генә инде түзеп торырлык иде. Һо Ши Мин әйтмешли, «Азатлык һәм бәйсзлек барыннан да кадерлерәк». Ә 1994 елда, заводка журналист буларак мәкалә язарга килгәндә, элеккеге «кайгыртучыларым» дөньядан китеп беткән иде инде... 

Котлов фамилияле һәм әлеге «махсус операция»дә бернинди катнашы булмаган сыр шомартучы бүген дә исән-сау. Тумыштан Алабуга районы керәшене, бик күңелле, сүзгә оста һәм мәзәкчән кеше. Мин аны еш кына базарга чыкканда очратам. Ул үзе партия әгъзасы иде 1980 нче елларда. Ләкин туры сүзле, үз фикерен, беркемнән-бернидән дә курыкмыйча, шартлатып әйтеп бирә белә – җыелышларда да, үзара әңгәмәдә дә. Ул вакытта 20 апрель тирәләрендәге шимбә көнендә «Ленинский субботник» дигән өстәмә эш көне була торган иде. Гел Пасхага туры китерәләр иде бу «хезмәт бәйрәмен». Эшкә чыгасың, азмаз эшләгән булып кыланасың да кайтып китәсең. Һәм синең бер көнлек хезмәт хакыңны тотып калалар. Котлов исә бу партиячел калыптагы, ләкин халык өнәп бетермәгән «комбинация» 
турында бер такмак та сөйли иде:&lt;br&gt;

'''''«Спасибо партии родной&lt;br&gt;
'''''за доброту и ласку!&lt;br&gt;
'''''...Отобрали выходной'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''и обосрали Пасху...»'''''&lt;br&gt;

Мин селте каезлаган кулларымны тиз генә дәвалап бетерә алмадым. 1987 ел җәендә «КАМАЗ» заводларыннан киттем, чөнки инде аларның һавасы да аллергия китереп чыгара башлады минем типтагы организмда. Махсус белеме һәм эшмәкәрлек яки башка алдау-йолдау сәләте булмаган кешегә шәһәрдә берничә генә эш бар. Мин кибеттә йөк ташучы булып киттем – ике кызымны янәшәдә урнашкан татар гимназиясенә йөртер өчен. Җәмәгатем дә шунда җыештыручы булып эшкә керде. Иртәдән кичкә кадәр көн аралаш эшләдек: беребез алып бара балаларны татар мәктәбенә, икенчебез өйгә алып кайта. Өченче кызыбызның әле тәпи йөри башлаган чагы гына. Җиде елдан соң, 1994 елның 1 сентябреннән башлап, зурлары аны да көн саен шул ук татар гимназиясенә укырга ияртеп алып бара һәм алып кайта башладылар. Мин бу вакытта инде кибеттә эшләми идем: 1993 ел җәе башыннан, авыр эштән тәмам билсез калгач, «Г» хәрефе сыман йөреп киттем. Инде 45 яшемне тутырып килсәм дә, гәүдә төзелешем һаман балачактагы кебек 
калды бит: тал чыбыгы сыман. Мине өйдә утырган килеш остеохондроздан дәвалануга чыгардылар. Өч ай буе хаста хакы түләп тордылар. Поликлиникага процедураларга, массажларга йөрдем. Аннары, 1993 елның 1 сентябрендә, эштән үз теләгем белән китәргә туры килде. Бүтән барыбер хаста хакы түли алмыйбыз, һәм син инде йөк ташучы булып эшли дә алмаячаксың, диделәр. 

* * *&lt;br&gt;
Бу хатирәләрнең беренче ике өлешенә шушы урында нокта куярга кирәктер. Чөнки алга таба бөтенләй башка, вакыйгаларга элеккечә бай, ләкин һич көтелмәгән, берничек тә фаразланмаган тормыш башланды. Биредә ачыктан-ачык бәян ителгәннәр каләм тибрәтүчеләргә «иҗат чималы» булсын. «Самореклама» түгел бу! Башкача әйтеп булмаганны әйтергә теләү генә. Барысы да – малың да, серләрең дә – бу дөньяда кала, төяп-тыгып алып китәр өчен, гүрдә – арба, кәфендә кесә юк... Һәм гомумән, фани дөньяда гомер сөрүче кешенең дә төп максаты үз ихтыяҗларыңны һәм мәнфәгатьләреңне канәгатьләндерү белән чикләнү түгел, ә үзеңә Хак Тәгалә биргән сәләтләрне ачыклау һәм аларны тормышка ашыру. Куллану өчен генә яшәү – мәгънәсезлек һәм аңсыз рәвештә гөнаһка бату ул, ә илаһи һәм иҗади максатларга йөз тотып яшәү – чын бәхет.&lt;br&gt;

'''''Була яшәп, җанны батырмыйча'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''хайванлыкка, рух-намусны саклап,'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''бер икмәккә генә табынмыйча –'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''икмәк үстереп һәм аны хаклап.'''''&lt;br&gt;
(Игорь Губерманнан тәрҗемә)&lt;br&gt;

=== '''«БАР МИНЕМ ХӨР, БӘЙСЕЗ ҮЗ ГАЛӘМЕМ...»''' ===
Кайдадыр, ерак, серле һәм томанлы&lt;br&gt;
танып белү киңлегенең артында,&lt;br&gt;
соңрак «очраклы рәвештә» булганны&lt;br&gt;
алдан ук әзерли кемдер барын да...&lt;br&gt;

'''''Где-то там, за пределом познания,&lt;br&gt;
'''''где загадка, туманность и тайна,&lt;br&gt;
'''''некто скрытый готовит заранее'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''всё, что позже случится случайно.&lt;br&gt;'''''
(Игорь Губерман)&lt;br&gt;

Дистә еллар буе дәвам иткән гаҗәеп бер күренеш инде бу: тормышта ничәмә тапкыр һәм нинди генә авыр хәлләргә юлыксам да, ара-тирә очрый торган «сазлык»ларга муеннан кереп батсам да, минем янда элек күрмәгән-белмәгән бер кеше пәйда була да мине «якамнан тотып» тартып чыгара иде. Күп тапкыр кабатлана торган очраклылык «система» дип атала. Бу хакта урыс һәм яһүд халыкларының исеме эпиграфта аталган олы шагыйре болай ди: 

'''''Аллаһ фәрманыннан гайре юк бер эш,'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''дим мин, карап дөнья матавыгына;'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''очраклы хәл чыгып тору ифрат еш –'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''исбат моның тәкъдирсез булмавына.''''' &lt;br&gt;

«Хәтердән җуелмас мизгелләр»нең «яңа тормыш»ка караган бу өлешендә дә байтак булды «очраклы хәлләр» һәм алардан һич көтелмәгәнчә йолып алучылар! 

==== '''Графоманлык аша – сәламәтлеккә''' ====

Алдарак әйткәнемчә, мине 1993 елда коточкыч остеохондроз егып салгач, җәй буе «Г» хәрефе булып хәрәкәт иттем, массажлар ясатып, дарулар эчеп йөрдем. Ләкин нигәдер башны ташка бәрмәдем, җаным тыныч иде: «Әй, шахмат уенында атлар да бит гел «Г» хәрефе дип йөриләр!». Хатыным да бер каршы сүз әйтмәде. Ә бит ул үзе һич кенә дә артык сабыр түгел һәм матди тормышка нык бәйләнгән кеше! Нинди серле көч аны тынычландырып торды икән айлар дәвамында? Әллә ул көч изге күкләргә ашып фәрештәгә әверелгән газиз әнкәем булдымы... 

Шул җөмләдән, җиде ай буе хатыным берүзе эшләп тапканны ашап һәм... графоманлык белән шөгыльләнеп яттым. Яздым да яздым шунда ми тармасына кайдандыр нидер килеп кергәнне. Башка «файдасыз» мавыгуларым булса да, алар белән шөгыльләнергә физик мөмкинлегем юк иде. Мәкаләләр, рифмалаштырылган нәрсәләр сырлыйм, барысын да Казанга яки Чаллы басмаларына почта аша җибәрәм, соңрак, сентябрь аенда үзем инде савыгуга таба авышкач, җирле газеталарга илтеп бирә башладым. Бастыралар, каршы сүз ишетмәдем беркайда да. Тиенләп булса да гонорар җибәрәләр. Кем син, кайда эшлисең, дип сораштыручы да юк, ә минем исә зарлана торган гадәтем булмады әле ул вакытта. Хәзер генә ул сыкрана башлыйм, берәр борчулы нәрсә килеп чыкса... 

Бер генә язманы да чүп савытына ташламадылар, ахры. Советлар Берлеге таркалса да, илдә әле һаман да «демократия», ачыклык-хәбәрдарлык хөкем сөрә, Татарстанда милли күтәрелеш дәвам итә. Еллар ябык булса да, юллар ачык иде. Чаллыда Татар иҗтимагый үзәге дөрләп эшләп тора, аның дүшәмбе көнне була торган утырышлары минем өчен җомга намазы күк булып китте. Мөселман булып тууымны да онытмыйм, әлбәттә. Шушы ун ай эчендә гарәп язуын һәм грамматикасы нигезләрен өйрәнеп, Ислам дине хәрефләрен таный башладым. Кирәкле китапларны, сүзлекләрне, белешмәләрне һәм дәреслекләрне «элеккеге тормыш»та, физик яктан исән-имин чакта, җитмешенче-сиксәненче елларда туплаган идем. 

Хезмәт хакы алган саен китап кибетенә чаба торган гадәтем бар иде КАМАЗда эшли башлаган елларда ук. «Ногман тәфсирен» һәм гарәп сүзлеген кулланып, Коръәни Кәримне укып чыктым. Шуның нәтиҗәсендә берничә шигырь дә язылды, менә шуларның берсе: 

'''Ихлас догам'''&lt;br&gt;
Иксез-чиксез, камил Синең&lt;br&gt;
Рәхмәтең вә Мәрхәмәтең,&lt;br&gt;
Һәрдаим тәрбия иттең,&lt;br&gt;
Юктан бар итеп һәммәсен,&lt;br&gt;
Бөек исемең белән, Аллам, &lt;br&gt;
Башлый эшен бөтен Галәм, &lt;br&gt;
Сиңа гына мин сыенам, &lt;br&gt;
Газиз Тәңрем, Хак Тәгаләм!&lt;br&gt; 
Хәмед-сәна гыйбадәтем&lt;br&gt;
Галәмнәрнең Раббысына! &lt;br&gt;
Олы рәхмәтең-шәфкатең &lt;br&gt;
Колларыңның затлысына. &lt;br&gt;
Юк көндәшең вә охшашың, &lt;br&gt;
Бер ялгызың бар Галәмдә, &lt;br&gt;
Бәндәләрнең Син патшасы, &lt;br&gt;
Синең колың барча бәндә. &lt;br&gt;
Һичкем Сине тудырмады &lt;br&gt;
Һәм тумады Синнән кемсә, &lt;br&gt;
Синнән гайре бар булмады &lt;br&gt;
Галәмнәрдә һичбер нәрсә. &lt;br&gt;
Нә шәй булсын, нә бер мәхлук – &lt;br&gt;
Ихтыяҗың аңарда юк: &lt;br&gt;
Гафу итеп бар әҗәтне, &lt;br&gt;
Үтәүче Син һәр хаҗәтне. &lt;br&gt;
Һичкем Сине бар кылмады, &lt;br&gt;
Һичкем Сиңа тиң булмады, &lt;br&gt;
Һичкемгә Син буйсынмыйсың, &lt;br&gt;
Мәңге булдың һәм булырсың. &lt;br&gt;
Бар мәхлукка мәрхәмәтле – &lt;br&gt;
Иттең дөньяда нигъмәтле &lt;br&gt;
Мөэминен дә, кяферен дә: &lt;br&gt;
Хөкемең Кыямәт көнендә. &lt;br&gt;
Бер Син безнең тәрбияче, &lt;br&gt;
Бер Син хакыйкать иясе, &lt;br&gt;
Сиңа багышлана догам – &lt;br&gt;
Син хаклаган телдә кылам. &lt;br&gt;
Хак Тәгаләм, Бөек Акыл! &lt;br&gt;
Гыйбадәтемне кабул кыл, &lt;br&gt;
Ә ялгышсам, мине кичер; &lt;br&gt;
Туры юлга Үзең күндер. &lt;br&gt;
Син саклаган намусыма &lt;br&gt;
Хөкем кылмас җирдә һичкем; &lt;br&gt;
Җаным Синең хозурыңда, &lt;br&gt;
Синдә генә гадел хөкем. &lt;br&gt;

Хасталык вакытындагы иң беренче зур графоманлык күнегүем шул 1993 елның августында булды. Аны үзенә күрә «алдагы тормыш программасы» дип кабул иттем. Шигырьне соңрак «Ватаным Татарстан» да бастырган иде. Төп нөсхәне беркадәр тулыландырып тора торган тәрҗемәсен беркая да юлламадым, беркемгә дә укытмадым. Мин бу программаларны тәки үтәп бетерә алмадым инде. «Мин генә түгел, бөтен халыклар һәм җәмгыять үзе үтәмәде, үтәргә теләмәде һәм бүген дә теләми!» дигән «сылтау» берничек тә аклый алмый: шигырьләрдә әйтелгәнчә, «һәркемнең үз яссылыгы, һәркемнең үз мәсләге». Һәркем үз урынында тырышып тырмашырга бурычлы, дип саныйм. Һәм «ашкынулы сабырсыздан гомердә көнләшмәгез!» 

'''Тормыш юлы'''&lt;br&gt;
Аллаһ каршына илтүче изгелек юлы бик тар.&lt;br&gt;
Иблис-мәлгуньне җиңүнең бер генә ысулы бар:&lt;br&gt;
Көчең җитсә, һич юл бирмә, аяк терәп каршы тор,&lt;br&gt;
Тарафдарларны, халкыңны шул иблискә каршы бор.&lt;br&gt;
Иман нуры яктысында иблис дәрманы китәр,&lt;br&gt;
Буйсындырып тота белсәң, ул сиңа хезмәт итәр.&lt;br&gt;
Хәлдән тайса көрәштәшләр һәм сирәгәйсә сафлар,&lt;br&gt;
Вәсвәсәләргә бирелеп, хыянәт итсә дуслар,&lt;br&gt;
Комачаулама аларга, үз иманыңны сакла,&lt;br&gt;
Булачак кискен көрәшкә яңа тарафлар тупла.&lt;br&gt;
Акылсызлык, башбаштаклык теләгәнен эшләсен,&lt;br&gt;
Чистартсын синең мохитне, мөртәтләрне чүпләсен.&lt;br&gt;
Фани булгач ошбу дөнья, Хак Тәгалә юлында&lt;br&gt;
Була алмый һич мәңгелек хөррият тә, золым да.&lt;br&gt;
Яралгысында золымның бар һәлакәт орлыгы:&lt;br&gt;
Гайрәтлерәк була барса, якыная хурлыгы.&lt;br&gt;
Золым белән көрәшкәндә юк фетнәнең кирәге –&lt;br&gt;
Һәркемнең үз яссылыгы, һәркемнең үз мәсләге.&lt;br&gt;
Узалмассың явызлыкта явызлыкны син һич тә –&lt;br&gt;
Утын өстәп торсаң утка, өстәлә аңа көч тә.&lt;br&gt;
Шайтаннарның таянычы – күпчелек белән тизлек,&lt;br&gt;
Күңел нуры, изге иман – Тәңре яраткан үзлек.&lt;br&gt;
Тормыш һәрчак дәвам итәр, Җирдән иман китмәсә,&lt;br&gt;
Юк аның үлем ноктасы, Кыямәт көн җитмәсә.&lt;br&gt;
Изге-явыз комарында без ирешкән нәтиҗә –&lt;br&gt;
Мәңгелеккә юл алганда хаклы дәлил, тәҗрибә.&lt;br&gt;
Дөнья өчен дип тапканың бу дөньяда кала бит,&lt;br&gt;
Фидаиләр мәңгелектә үлемсезлек ала бит.&lt;br&gt;
Булмый тормыш тәгәрмәчен туктатып йә тизләтеп,&lt;br&gt;
Иблисләр Галәм Канунын яза алмый үзгәртеп.&lt;br&gt;
Һәм иблисне авызлыклап булмый һич канун белән –&lt;br&gt;
Туклана икейөзле хаин-мәлгунь каны белән.&lt;br&gt;
Иблиснең бөтен гәүдәсе тирәндә, җәһәннәмдә,&lt;br&gt;
Суыргыч-капшавычлары без гөнаһлы адәмдә.&lt;br&gt;
Куллана ул азык итеп безләр кылган шомлыкны;&lt;br&gt;
Чыгар тамчы-тамчы кысып җаныңдагы бушлыкны,&lt;br&gt;
Корыт тамырын иблиснең һәм киптер бозык канын –&lt;br&gt;
Хак Тәгалә хозурында ясарсың тугры адым.&lt;br&gt;
Кыл изге гамәл, дөньядан киткәнче уйлан, эзлән,&lt;br&gt;
Җиңү-җиңелү мәгънәсен дөрес аңларга өйрән.&lt;br&gt;
'''''5-8 август, 1993 ел.'''''&lt;br&gt;

'''Дорога жизни'''&lt;br&gt;
К Престолу Бога путь всегда тернист:&lt;br&gt;
К Нему отыщет узкую тропинку &lt;br&gt;
Лишь кто душой и помыслами чист,&lt;br&gt;
Кто бережёт в себе Творца искринку. &lt;br&gt;
Наскоки сатаны прочь отвергай &lt;br&gt;
И в меру сил одолевай невзгоды, &lt;br&gt;
К души порывам ближних убеждай &lt;br&gt;
Во имя Бога, Истины, Свободы. &lt;br&gt;
Единство, лад, согласие в делах – &lt;br&gt;
Вот средства против сатанинской скверны, &lt;br&gt;
Покуда держишь крепко в удилах, &lt;br&gt;
И сатана – слуга, но лицемерный! &lt;br&gt;
Ничто не вечно: выбьются из сил – &lt;br&gt;
Соратников шеренги поредеют, &lt;br&gt;
Изменят те, кто клятву приносил, – &lt;br&gt;
Соблазны жизни краткой одолеют. &lt;br&gt;
Невмочь сдержать зло – отступи, терпи,&lt;br&gt;
Но сбереги в самом себе ты Бога, &lt;br&gt;
К борьбе за Веру падших подними – &lt;br&gt;
Вновь предстоит нелёгкая дорога! &lt;br&gt;
Неверные средь мутных сгинут волн – &lt;br&gt;
Очистится Земля от зыбкой скверны; &lt;br&gt;
Поток безумия и произвол &lt;br&gt;
Вреда не причинят нам, правоверным. &lt;br&gt;
Восстанем мы – как скалы средь пучин, &lt;br&gt;
Как маяки под сенью небосвода, &lt;br&gt;
Нам с Богом для унынья нет причин: &lt;br&gt;
Ярмо не вечно – так же, как свобода. &lt;br&gt;
Никто Величья Бога не оспорит! &lt;br&gt;
И тёмной силе не объять всего – &lt;br&gt;
Зерно погибели в зародыше её: &lt;br&gt;
Лихая удаль только крах ускорит. &lt;br&gt;
Без помощи Творца успехи мнимы, &lt;br&gt;
В борьбе со злом нужды в интригах нет; &lt;br&gt;
Дорога Жизни широка, но след &lt;br&gt;
У каждого здесь свой, неповторимый. &lt;br&gt;
Навал и суета – удел лишь сатаны: &lt;br&gt;
Обета лживого торопит бренность; &lt;br&gt;
Идущим к Вечности, как факелы, даны &lt;br&gt;
Надёжность, качество и постепенность! &lt;br&gt;
Пока на Вере зиждется наш Дом, &lt;br&gt;
Любовь Творца укроет нас как прежде; &lt;br&gt;
Господь свершит наш путь Страшным Судом, &lt;br&gt;
Когда погаснет в душах луч Надежды. &lt;br&gt;
Истории и судеб колесо &lt;br&gt;
Ускорить иль замедлить невозможно, &lt;br&gt;
Закон Творца священен и весом – &lt;br&gt;
Не заменить его обетом ложным! &lt;br&gt;
И Тьмы со Светом в той борьбе вотще &lt;br&gt;
Победы миг – мираж, пусть кровью добыт! &lt;br&gt;
Земных страданий оттиски в душе – &lt;br&gt;
Для вечной жизни обретённый опыт. &lt;br&gt;
И всё, что в мире бренном раб достиг, &lt;br&gt;
Его наследникам лишь для услады; &lt;br&gt;
Ценою жизни – тот счастливый миг &lt;br&gt;
Преодоленья Вечности преграды. &lt;br&gt;
Лишь праведный богоугодный труд &lt;br&gt;
Вернёт покой душе и счастье Дому, &lt;br&gt;
Скитания земного каждый круг – &lt;br&gt;
Дорогой Жизни верный шаг к Престолу. &lt;br&gt;
Твори добро и путь свой отыщи, &lt;br&gt;
В раздумьях о Творце найди отраду; &lt;br&gt;
Потерь и обретений труд души – &lt;br&gt;
Итог всей жизни и залог Награды. &lt;br&gt;
'''''8-10 августа 1993 года.'''''&lt;br&gt;

Тагын бер зур графоманлык күнегүем 3-4 октябрь көннәрендә, Русиянең яңа «демократик» хакимияте Мәскәүдә иске «коммунистик оппозиция» терәге булган Югары Шураны (Ак йортны) аттырган чакта булды. Ике көн буе телевизордан күргәнне кәгазьгә төшереп утырдым. Бернинди «иҗат газаплары» кичермичә, үзеннән-үзе язылды бу шигырь. Кемдер шыпырт кына колагыма әйтеп-сөйләп торган кебек булды. Татар теленә тәрҗемә итмәдем. 

'''Страна'''&lt;br&gt;
Страна – как коридор:&lt;br&gt;
Жандармов жадный взор, &lt;br&gt;
Дубинок дробный строй &lt;br&gt;
И барабанный бой. &lt;br&gt;
Здесь, как нигде, свои – &lt;br&gt;
Без тягот и забот – &lt;br&gt;
Мерзавцы, палачи, &lt;br&gt;
Чужой здесь лишь народ. &lt;br&gt;
Здесь тот, кто создаёт, &lt;br&gt;
Убог, бесправен, слаб; &lt;br&gt;
Как избавленья ждёт &lt;br&gt;
Своей кончины раб. &lt;br&gt;
Здесь «сникерсы» жуёт &lt;br&gt;
Проныра-спекулянт, &lt;br&gt;
В почёте идиот, &lt;br&gt;
Нахлебник, симулянт.&lt;br&gt;
И наглухо, как встарь, &lt;br&gt;
Закрыл весь белый свет &lt;br&gt;
Политикан-звонарь, &lt;br&gt;
Мафиози-мироед. &lt;br&gt;
Обшарит КГБ &lt;br&gt;
Все уголки души &lt;br&gt;
И волчий даст билет: &lt;br&gt;
Живи, но не дыши! &lt;br&gt;
Во сто пудов кулак – &lt;br&gt;
Цензуры удила; &lt;br&gt;
Лубянка и ГУЛАГ &lt;br&gt;
Венчают все «дела». &lt;br&gt;
Всегда здесь клином – клин; &lt;br&gt;
И словно хамелеон – &lt;br&gt;
Продажный властелин, &lt;br&gt;
Услужливый шпион. &lt;br&gt;
Здесь страх рулит везде,&lt;br&gt;
Чинуша прав во всём: &lt;br&gt;
Закатит в лоб тебе &lt;br&gt;
И мент, и управдом. &lt;br&gt;
Народам здесь – тюрьма:&lt;br&gt;
«Держать и не пущать! &lt;br&gt;
Накажем чурбана, &lt;br&gt;
Раз так туда их мать!» &lt;br&gt;
Страна плохих дорог, &lt;br&gt;
Обилия дураков, &lt;br&gt;
Несёт её злой рок &lt;br&gt;
На свалку всех веков. &lt;br&gt;
И много дней-ночей &lt;br&gt;
Ещё у нас пройдёт, &lt;br&gt;
Но поворот в судьбе, &lt;br&gt;
В сердцах произойдёт! &lt;br&gt;
Сойдутся в ближний круг &lt;br&gt;
Адамов сын и внук: &lt;br&gt;
Какой ни есть челом, &lt;br&gt;
Искра Творца – и в нём! &lt;br&gt;
Но не надейся враз, &lt;br&gt;
Без внутренней борьбы &lt;br&gt;
Преодолеть соблазн &lt;br&gt;
Пороков сатаны. &lt;br&gt;
Избавься от оков,&lt;br&gt;
И ближнего любя, &lt;br&gt;
Ты уважай его &lt;br&gt;
Как самого себя. &lt;br&gt;
И в человеке том &lt;br&gt;
Ты брата разгляди, &lt;br&gt;
Согрей своим теплом, &lt;br&gt;
Тревоги раздели. &lt;br&gt;
'''Если всех людей'''&lt;br&gt;
'''мира хочешь вмиг''' &lt;br&gt;
'''обратить в друзей, –'''&lt;br&gt;
'''знай ты их язык!''' &lt;br&gt;
Страна – не коридор, &lt;br&gt;
Страна – цветущий сад, &lt;br&gt;
Когда в ней каждый взор&lt;br&gt;
Слит в общий дружбы взгляд. &lt;br&gt;
Страна людьми сильна, &lt;br&gt;
Свободой велика. &lt;br&gt;
Свободная страна &lt;br&gt;
Будет жить века!&lt;br&gt;
'''''3-4 октября, 1993 года.'''''&lt;br&gt;

Шул ук туксанынчы елларда язылган тагын берничә шигырь:&lt;br&gt;

'''Сүз турында сүз'''&lt;br&gt;
Иң элек Сүз яратылган, бу – шиксез.&lt;br&gt;
Фикер-фөкра туып торган өзлексез,&lt;br&gt;
Изге Рухтан канат иңеп бер мәлдә,&lt;br&gt;
Бөтен киңлеккә таралган Галәмдә.&lt;br&gt;
Сүз яңарта һәм җимерә дөньяны,&lt;br&gt;
Сүз белән бәндә хөкем итә җанны:&lt;br&gt;
Йә фәрештә куенында сакланыр,&lt;br&gt;
Йә вәсвәсәгә бирелеп газапланыр.&lt;br&gt;
Сүз яраткан җимешләр – зәгыйфь, фани,&lt;br&gt;
Тарттырыр аларны чор тегермәне;&lt;br&gt;
Бәндә генә гомерлек дип әмәлләр&lt;br&gt;
Кайвакыт уй-фикерләр һәм гамәлләр.&lt;br&gt;
Аермачык сүзләр белән юл ярып,&lt;br&gt;
Төзик гүзәл фикер-фөкра сафларын;&lt;br&gt;
Сырлы сафсатаның юктыр кирәге –&lt;br&gt;
Гади вә гүзәл тормышның зияге.&lt;br&gt;
Галәм бакчасында һаман сабый без,&lt;br&gt;
Язмыш тәсбих төймәләрен саныйбыз;&lt;br&gt;
Безнең гомер – сандал-чүкеч арасы,&lt;br&gt;
Мәңгелеккә шуннан үтеп барасы.&lt;br&gt;
Эзләмә урын Галәмнәр читеннән,&lt;br&gt;
Чүкелмәккә бәндә тәкъдир ителгән;&lt;br&gt;
Фикер-гамәл белән язмышың уйнат,&lt;br&gt;
Чыныксын җаның – күбрәк аны кыйнат!&lt;br&gt;

'''Заманча вәгазь'''&lt;br&gt;
Һәр гамәлнең Җир йөзендә нигезе бар,&lt;br&gt;
Бар гыйбрәте, куанычы, аянычы.&lt;br&gt;
Илаһиның фанилектә гел эзе бар,&lt;br&gt;
Бәндә гамәленең Күктә – таянычы.&lt;br&gt;
Изгелектән бәндә нигез әзерләсә,&lt;br&gt;
Күкләр аңа бирми калмас үз ярдәмен;&lt;br&gt;
Бу дөньяда кеше үзе ниләр чәчсә,&lt;br&gt;
Мәңгелектә торыр татып шуның тәмен.&lt;br&gt;
Соңгы сүзне Аллаһ биргән изгелеккә,&lt;br&gt;
Сынауларның азагында бар хозурлык;&lt;br&gt;
Төсле гөлләр булып үсәр ахыр чиктә&lt;br&gt;
Бер күреге дә булмаган шыксыз орлык.&lt;br&gt;
Чүп ыргытсаң, үз башыңа явар уклар,&lt;br&gt;
Терәксез эш вә нигезсез гамәл калмас;&lt;br&gt;
Күкләрдә хәл ителгәнне корсакбашлар&lt;br&gt;
Фетнәләре белән генә үзгәрталмас!&lt;br&gt;
Изге гамәл, Аллаһ кушса, гел мөкәммәл,&lt;br&gt;
Әмер килсә, хәл итәрсең барысын үзең;&lt;br&gt;
Ниятләрең керсез булса, табылыр әмәл,&lt;br&gt;
Фәрештәләр дә иңдерер «амин» сүзен.&lt;br&gt;

'''Заманалар килә!'''&lt;br&gt;
Үз вакыты таш атуның,&lt;br&gt;
Үз вакыты таш җыюның;&lt;br&gt;
Кылганга җавап тотуның –&lt;br&gt;
Заманасы хәзер шуның.&lt;br&gt;
Вәхи ителмеш Китапта&lt;br&gt;
Ошбу күчеш галәмәте:&lt;br&gt;
Галәмнәрнең бугазыннан&lt;br&gt;
Үтеп бара Җир хәяте.&lt;br&gt;
Әйләнерләр таяк йоткан&lt;br&gt;
Тәкәбберләр тораташка,&lt;br&gt;
Кешелеккә ыргытылган&lt;br&gt;
Чуерташлар явар башка.&lt;br&gt;
Дәгъва булмас даһилеккә,&lt;br&gt;
Пәйгамбәрләр ризыгына,&lt;br&gt;
Күп гамәлләр китәр чүпкә,&lt;br&gt;
Хак булыр тик азы гына.&lt;br&gt;
Кайсыбыз бу йөккә чыдар?&lt;br&gt;
Булмас әйдәп баручылар,&lt;br&gt;
Булмас качып калучылар,&lt;br&gt;
Азлар атлар, күпләр елар.&lt;br&gt;
«Халкым!» дигән тавышлысы&lt;br&gt;
Алыр Бөек Галәм моңын,&lt;br&gt;
«Үзем!» дигән табышлысы –&lt;br&gt;
Комга күчкән алтын чыңын...&lt;br&gt;
Беркем алдан хәбәр бирмәс,&lt;br&gt;
Ни буласын Алла белә.&lt;br&gt;
Асыл-рәвешен һичкем белмәс&lt;br&gt;
Заманалар ләкин килә.&lt;br&gt;
Килә!&lt;br&gt;

'''Киләчәк буыннар авазы'''&lt;br&gt;
'''''(төзелмәгән фирка манифесты)'''''&lt;br&gt;
Ашкынулы сабырсыздан&lt;br&gt;
Гомердә көнләшмәгез;&lt;br&gt;
Бердәм булыгыз, фиркаләп&lt;br&gt;
Әлегә берләшмәгез.&lt;br&gt;
Аллаһыбыз хозурында&lt;br&gt;
Бәндә ялгыз һәрвакыт;&lt;br&gt;
Хак Тәгалә бирер әмер,&lt;br&gt;
Килер ул – сезнең вакыт!&lt;br&gt;
Иҗтиһат кыл сабырлыкта,&lt;br&gt;
Кырыкка берне ярып;&lt;br&gt;
Без әле тумаганбыз бит –&lt;br&gt;
Эзләмә һич шәм алып.&lt;br&gt;
Иман нуры белән һәрчак&lt;br&gt;
Яктырт фани дөньяны;&lt;br&gt;
Бәлки син дә безнекедер –&lt;br&gt;
Кем дә булса бит тергезер&lt;br&gt;
Төзелмәгән фиркане!&lt;br&gt;

'''Жизнь – лишь суета...'''&lt;br&gt;
Фундамент мирозданья тем и крепок,&lt;br&gt;
Что качеством и простотой отмечен;&lt;br&gt;
Его тайник же строго засекречен,&lt;br&gt;
Чтоб отыскать, в мозгу не хватит клеток.&lt;br&gt;
Не первый век убогий разум тщится&lt;br&gt;
Прогрызть гранит наук, стену учений,&lt;br&gt;
И тянется за ним борьбы, мучений,&lt;br&gt;
Потерь и катастроф всех вереница.&lt;br&gt;
И все просторы наших «достижений»,&lt;br&gt;
Наукой покорённые «высоты» –&lt;br&gt;
Лишь тупики, ловушки и пустоты&lt;br&gt;
Земного лабиринта приключений.&lt;br&gt;
Деяния подвижников «свершений»&lt;br&gt;
Наперекор гармонии небесной&lt;br&gt;
Потомкам нашим разве что уместны&lt;br&gt;
Как маяки трагедий и крушений.&lt;br&gt;
И перепробовав всего земного,&lt;br&gt;
Правнуки скажут на краю «прогресса»:&lt;br&gt;
«Количество и скорость любят беса,&lt;br&gt;
Умеренность и качество – суть Бога».&lt;br&gt;
Поймут они, сполна себя исхлёстав,&lt;br&gt;
У бренности на самой той границе:&lt;br&gt;
Толкли лишь воду мы в земной ступице,&lt;br&gt;
А ларчик открывался очень просто...&lt;br&gt;
* * *&lt;br&gt;
А ведь за тем же Бог людьми нас создал,&lt;br&gt;
Чтоб мы, никчёмность суеты поняв,&lt;br&gt;
И мёртвый груз страстей, пороков роздав,&lt;br&gt;
К Нему вернулись, лик Его прияв!&lt;br&gt;

'''Приговор злодею'''&lt;br&gt;
Аршином измерив, умом не понять:&lt;br&gt;
Завязла в болоте державная мощь,&lt;br&gt;
«Спецов» и «радетелей» тёмная рать&lt;br&gt;
Тусуется в думах и тщится «помочь».&lt;br&gt;
Набит гениальностью как кошелёк,&lt;br&gt;
Горохом отскочат из уст словеса –&lt;br&gt;
Хоть в чувствах сыновьих к Отчизне убог,&lt;br&gt;
Страну норовит он поднять в небеса.&lt;br&gt;
И дух реформаторства в нём, словно бес,&lt;br&gt;
Потрогать, подвигать, порушить зовёт;&lt;br&gt;
Мерилом величья – крутой «Мерседес»&lt;br&gt;
И в цюрихах собственный банковский счёт.&lt;br&gt;
Имперский Иуда себе на уме,&lt;br&gt;
Попробуй продажным назвать – миль пардон!&lt;br&gt; 
Хозяин работой доволен вполне:&lt;br&gt;
Текут миллиарды к нему за кордон.&lt;br&gt;
«Россия безгласна, хоть выжми весь сок, –&lt;br&gt;
Прибавит «наставник» злодею ума, –&lt;br&gt;
По пузе и мозгу – за шоком шок,&lt;br&gt;
Не выйти «колоссу» сто лет из дерьма»!&lt;br&gt;
Кишит у престолов иудин помёт,&lt;br&gt;
Кровавую бойню готовит в стране,&lt;br&gt;
Химеру плечом подпереть он зовёт&lt;br&gt;
И в жертву народ принести сатане.&lt;br&gt;
Столетий уроки злодею не впрок.&lt;br&gt;
Небес приговор безгласен, но строг:&lt;br&gt; 
«Уж карма твоя полна – вышел срок,&lt;br&gt;
Пора преступить преисподней порог!»&lt;br&gt;  

Инде яңа гасырда оештырылган бер «рифма» туксанынчы еллардагы графоманлык күнегүләремә менә шундый йомгак ясады: 

'''Заметки графомана'''&lt;br&gt;
И всё и вся послушны звону злата,&lt;br&gt;
Когда судьбу не раскуёшь иначе:&lt;br&gt;
Писатель нынче – графоман удачи,&lt;br&gt;
А графоман – писатель, но без блата.&lt;br&gt;

Слыть графоманом суждено поэту,&lt;br&gt;
Коль не снискал официальных лавров:&lt;br&gt;
Пусть затыкал за пояс «динозавров»,&lt;br&gt;
Но не устроил их апологетов.&lt;br&gt;

А потому и ныне в обществе обмана,&lt;br&gt;
Склонив главу, когда венок вручают,&lt;br&gt;
Одним глазком поэты примечают...&lt;br&gt;
Чтоб не накинули хомутик графомана.&lt;br&gt; 

==== '''Такмак язып – журналистлыкка?''' ====
Ахыр чиктә бу «файдасыз эшләр» мине... КАМАЗ нәшер итә торган «Нур» газетасы редакциясенә эшкә алынуга илтеп җиткерде. Беркөнне, инде тураеп, ләкин саклык белән генә тәпи йөри башлагач, 1994 елның март аендагы сайлаулардан соң «Яңа Дума такмаларын» язып, элеккеге кебек, гадәттәгечә, ул вакытта газетада мөхәррир урынбасары булып эшләгән Зәки абый Хәнәфиевкә илтеп бирдем. Ул моны укып чыкты да... инде әзер газетаның соңгы битенә куелган бер материал урынына минем язманы кертеп урнаштырды: 

'''Яңа Дума такмаклары'''&lt;br&gt;
Тәрәзәләргә ут капса,&lt;br&gt;
ачып җибәр ишекне;&lt;br&gt;
юньле Дума, гадел патша –&lt;br&gt;
хыял назлый мужикны.&lt;br&gt;
Сүз боткасы ашатырга&lt;br&gt;
булды Мәскәү Думалы;&lt;br&gt;
җиңел куып таратырга –&lt;br&gt;
вәкаләте чамалы.&lt;br&gt;
Бик күпләрең Себер китәр,&lt;br&gt;
«либерал»ны котыртсаң,&lt;br&gt;
алтын богаулар киярсең,&lt;br&gt;
муеныңа утыртсаң.&lt;br&gt;
Әнә килә Жириновский –&lt;br&gt;
бөек дәүләт батыры,&lt;br&gt;
тавышы яңа, җыры иске –&lt;br&gt;
хурлык булыр ахыры.&lt;br&gt;
Патша йөри урам буйлап,&lt;br&gt;
нигә ачык изүе? –&lt;br&gt;
Йә тагын бер кат «җиңүе»,&lt;br&gt;
йә тәхеттән төшүе!..&lt;br&gt;
Арзан Дума – очсыз халык,&lt;br&gt;
хуҗасызлык дәүләте...&lt;br&gt;
Кайчан бетәр аңгыралык,&lt;br&gt;
мисезлек галәмәте?&lt;br&gt;

Бу такмакларның урысчасын да язган идем, ләкин мин аны «Вести КАМАЗа»га тәкъдим итмәдем. Биредә яңа «демократик» кануннарның ике сәер маддәсенә ишарә ясала: беренчесе – әгәр дә Дәүләт Думасы РФ президентының хөкүмәт башлыгын билгеләү буенча өч тәкъдимен кире кага икән, президент бу парламентны куып тарата ала (беренче куплет); икенчесе – сайлаучыларның 25 проценты катнашкан булса, сайлаулар үткән дип санала (өченче куплет). 

'''Новая Дума'''&lt;br&gt;
В Думе-думушке престольной&lt;br&gt;
подают к обеду рис,&lt;br&gt;
трижды крикнут&lt;br&gt;
«Смирно!», «Вольно!»,&lt;br&gt;
а потом и – «Разойдись!»&lt;br&gt;
Наша Дума мировая,&lt;br&gt;
на деревне как плетень:&lt;br&gt;
руки-ноги обдирая,&lt;br&gt;
лезут все, кому не лень.&lt;br&gt;
Двадцать пять – и депутат! –&lt;br&gt;
Вот дешёвенький мандат.&lt;br&gt;
Ни к чему нам крупный счёт,&lt;br&gt;
если с гулькин хер почёт...&lt;br&gt;
Что-то дымом потянуло,&lt;br&gt;
вдруг пожар, будь начеку!&lt;br&gt;
...Добрый царь с путёвой Думой&lt;br&gt;
всё же снятся мужику.&lt;br&gt;
Жириновский безоглядно&lt;br&gt;
обещания всем даёт,&lt;br&gt;
хриплым голосом надсадно&lt;br&gt;
и «по Геббельсу» поёт:&lt;br&gt;
«Наклони головку низко,&lt;br&gt;
чтоб златых цепей надеть,&lt;br&gt;
даль Чукотки станет близкой,&lt;br&gt;
коль посадишь на хребет».&lt;br&gt;
Против мира в одиночку,&lt;br&gt;
ты куда, Володя, прёшь?&lt;br&gt;
Впрочем, ты и с дёгтем в бочке&lt;br&gt;
от стыда ведь не помрёшь...&lt;br&gt;
Лихо правит «демократ»:&lt;br&gt;
до базара и назад.&lt;br&gt;
Нету больше сил бежать,&lt;br&gt;
остается «побеждать».&lt;br&gt;
Победили на равнине,&lt;br&gt;
победим мы и в горах,&lt;br&gt;
сохраним Чечню, всех прочих&lt;br&gt;
мы разгоним в пух и прах!&lt;br&gt;
...Кто-то пользуется всласть&lt;br&gt;
благами всевластия;&lt;br&gt;
катастрофой может стать&lt;br&gt;
эта катавасия!&lt;br&gt;

Һәм бу такмакларны укып чыккач, Зәки абый «Нур» газетасы белән шушы ярты еллык хезмәттәшлек чорымда миңа беренче тапкыр сорау бирде: «Фәһим, син кайда эшлисең?» Барысын да чәчми-түкми сөйләп бирдем: «Авыр эштә эшләп, тәмам имгәнеп беткән идем. Ярты ел өйдә дәваланып утырдым, хәзер терелеп җиттем шикелле». Ә Зәки абый: «Мин сине «Нур»га хәбәрче итеп алырга тәкъдим итеп карыйм әле», – дип шаккатырды. Махсус югары белемем һәм эш тәҗрибәм булмавы комачау түгел икән инде. Илдә капитализмга күчү кризисы бара, җитмәсә, КАМАЗның йөрткечләр заводын янгын харап итте. Бөтен җирдә кадрлар табышлырак һәм, һич югында, хезмәт хакы тотрыклы түләнә торган урын эзли. Кеше бөлгенлеккә төшеп баручы КАМАЗдан гел читкә китеп тора, бигрәк тә матбугат кебек бюджетка бәйле бүлемтекләрдә. Буш вакансияләр күп. 
Вакытын туры китереп, КАМАЗның Җәмәгатьчелек белән элемтәләр үзәге (ҖЭҮ) директоры Наил Фатих улы Галиуллинга кердек икәү Зәки абый белән. Атна-ун көннән соң 
мин, тормышның төбенә төшеп баручы «урам малае», рәсми рәвештә интеллигент булып киттем. КАМАЗ заводларына кереп эшләү өчен пропуск юнәтү ни сәбәпледер шактый озакка сузылды: берничә ай буе «язар тәгам»ымны шәһәрдә генә эзләргә туры килде.

==== '''Гөлнәфидә юлыннан''' ====
Сиксәненче еллар азагында, нәкъ шәһәрдә йөк ташучы булып эшли башлаган вакытта, язмыш мине Гөлнәфидә исемле һәм гаилә җәмәгатемнең дусты булган бер ханым белән очраштырды. 1984 елда клиник үлем кичергән, димәк, «теге дөньядан кире кайткан» һәм шуннан соң билгеле бер дәрәҗәдә күрәзәлеккә дә ия булып алган кеше. Миннән җиде яшькә кечерәк, ләкин акылы, сабырлыгы, дөньяга, тормышка илаһи карашы һәм кешелеклелеге буенча мин берничек тә тиңләшерлек булмаган югарылыктагы кеше ул. Үзе минем кебек үк графоман. Ләкин аның иҗатында кешене рухландыра һәм халыкка юл яра торган шигырьләр дә байтак. Менә бусы, аны укыганнан һәм күчереп алганнан соң егерме еллап вакыт үткәч, минем tt.forvo.com халыкара әйтелешләр һәм аудиосүзлекләр сайтында эшли башлавыма этәргечләрнең берсе булды:&lt;br&gt;

'''Татар теле илләр гизәчәк!'''&lt;br&gt;
Күтәрел син, халкым, көрәшкә,&lt;br&gt;
Үз телеңне яклап, иң башта,&lt;br&gt;
Теле барны көтә киләчәк –&lt;br&gt;
Бу көн безгә барыбер киләчәк:&lt;br&gt;
Татар теле илләр гизәчәк!&lt;br&gt;
Күтәрел син, халкым, көрәшкә –&lt;br&gt;
Теле бардан курка палач та!&lt;br&gt;
Телсез, динсез була тик маңкорт,&lt;br&gt;
Кеше канын эчкән соры корт.&lt;br&gt;
Күтәрел син, халкым, көрәшкә,&lt;br&gt;
Татар исеме белән җыр башла.&lt;br&gt;
Муса Җәлил, Гайнан Кормашлар&lt;br&gt;
Безне яклап, яклап сүз башлар.&lt;br&gt;
Сөембикә, Сафагәрәйләр –&lt;br&gt;
Изге күктән җиргә иңгәннәр.&lt;br&gt;
Безне көтә алда яктылык,&lt;br&gt;
Дөнья китсен өчен яктырып.&lt;br&gt;
Изгелек җирдә эзсез югалмас,&lt;br&gt;
Тынчыган күл генә юл алмас.&lt;br&gt;
Курыкма син денсез каргыштан –&lt;br&gt;
Безнең ризык бодай-арыштан;&lt;br&gt;
Шул башаклар булып, бер символ&lt;br&gt;
Безгә эндәшә: «Татар, горур бул!»&lt;br&gt;
Күтәрел син, халкым, көрәшкә,&lt;br&gt;
Үз телеңне яклап, иң башта!&lt;br&gt;
Теле барны көтә киләчәк –&lt;br&gt;
Бу көн безгә барыбер киләчәк:&lt;br&gt;
Татар теле илләр гизәчәк.&lt;br&gt;
Татар теле илләр гизәчәк!&lt;br&gt;

'''ФОТО:''' Зәки Хәнәфи улы Хәнәфиев.&lt;br&gt;

'''ФОТО:''' 1998 ел. Терелеп һәм араңгыдан чыгып, «нурлы» булып киткән вакыт.&lt;br&gt;

'''ФОТО:''' Остазларымның остазы – Наил Фатих улы Галиуллин (1941-2020). Узган гасырның җитмешенче елларында «Советская Татария» газетасының КАМАЗдагы хәбәрчесе, соңрак КАМАЗ партия комитеты рәисе һәм КАМАЗ профсоюз комитеты рәисе. Җәмәгатьчелек белән элемтәләр үзәген җитәкләгәнче, берничә ел КАМАЗның Маҗарстандагы вәкиле булган.&lt;br&gt; 

«Нур»да эшли башлагач, Гөлнәфидәнең сүзләренә колак салып, кеше белән аралашырга азмы-күпме өйрәндем, дип әйтә алам. «Кеше бармаган җиргә бар, кеше эшләмәгәнне, эшләүдән баш тартканны, бөтенләй файдалы һәм кирәкле дип тапмаганны эшлә! Һәм туры сүз әйтүдән курыкма!» – дигән «сәер» киңәшләр биргән иде ул миңа. Хәзер генә әле, күп еллар үткәч, мин үземә үзем шундый сорау-җавап куям: «Гомер буе «Гөлнәфидәчә тырай тибеп», кесәгә салырлык яки авызга кабарлык шәхси файда һәм, гомумән, дәрәҗә турында уйлап та карамыйча, дөнья кудым түгелме соң?» Шулай да, туксанынчы елларда «Гөлнәфидә сызган юл» иң турысы һәм дөресе булды бит! Башкача яра алыр идеме соң «өченче сортлы» кеше үз юлын?&lt;br&gt;
«Нур»дагы беренче зур күләмле язмам май аенда пәйда булды. Чаллы татар иҗтимагый үзәге Шәһри Болгарга сәяхәт оештырган иде, Нәсих абый Таҗиев мине шунда җибәрде. Бу тетрәндергеч сәфәрдән кайткач, менә шундый шигырь яздым:&lt;br&gt;

'''Шәһри Болгар'''&lt;br&gt;
'''''Пока гром не грянет, мужик не перекрестится...'''''&lt;br&gt;

1. Бар аның чиркәве, бу изге урында&lt;br&gt;
Каберташ өстенә салынган,&lt;br&gt;
Атасы, бабасы, патшасы да шунда&lt;br&gt;
Гасырлар буена чукынган.&lt;br&gt;
Ул хәзер чукынмый, үзгә уй башында,&lt;br&gt;
Юк тәре тактасы түрендә.&lt;br&gt;
Күкрәми күкләр дә, яшьнәми яшен дә&lt;br&gt;
Борынгы бабалар җирендә...&lt;br&gt;

2. Оныткан Алланы, курыкмый һичкемнән,&lt;br&gt;
Ятса да нигездә сөякләр.&lt;br&gt;
Тик үзен төннәрен йоклаган җиреннән&lt;br&gt;
Өстерәп торгыза өрәкләр.&lt;br&gt;
Аңламас һичкайчан күргәнен төшендә,&lt;br&gt;
Эшләми сәрхушның башы да.&lt;br&gt;
Күкрәми күкләр дә, яшьнәми яшен дә,&lt;br&gt;
Тотмый шул каберләр ташы да!&lt;br&gt;

3. Айныгач, җимерә чиркәве нигезен,&lt;br&gt;
Тарихның җуймакчы хәтерен.&lt;br&gt;
Чукынса чукыныр бу бәндә, тик үзе&lt;br&gt;
Гел үтәр иблиснең әмерен.&lt;br&gt;
Мәскәүдә патшасы һаман үз эшендә,&lt;br&gt;
Чамалый безне кол итәргә.&lt;br&gt;
Күкрәми күкләр дә, яшьнәми яшен дә,&lt;br&gt;
Ашыкмый әҗәле җитәргә.&lt;br&gt;

4. Тапшырган ул илне, кул селтәп, бурларга&lt;br&gt;
Һәм йөри корытып Җир шарын,&lt;br&gt;
Гасырлар буена ябышкан Болгарга,&lt;br&gt;
Бүген дә нәҗесли диварын.&lt;br&gt;
Вәхшилек һәйкәле булып Җир түшендә&lt;br&gt;
Калырга нияте тарихта.&lt;br&gt;
Күкрәми күкләр дә, яшьнәми яшен дә,&lt;br&gt;
Шуңа бит чукынмый мужик та!&lt;br&gt;

'''ФОТО:''' Шәһри Болгар. Изге җирләребезгә тәүге сәяхәт. Идел буенда.&lt;br&gt;

Июнь аенда исә мине Мансур атлы һәм урыс телендә язучы бер хәбәрче белән бергә КАМАЗның үзәк җыю конвейерына эшкә җибәрделәр. Бер ай дәвамында икенче позициядә эшләдек, җыела торган машиналарга реактив штангалар куеп тордык. Шуннан соң гына миңа «вездеход пропускы» бирделәр. Иң беренче зур интервьюымны әзерләү өчен, элек эшләгән җиремә – Ремонт-инструмент заводына (РИЗ) юнәлдем. Әңгәмәдәшем – туган телендә иркен сөйләшүче татар кешесе, завод директорының икътисад буенча урынбасары Илдус Ильяс улы Баянов. Аны соңрак автомобильләр заводына директор итеп тә куйганнар иде. 

Башка заводлар белән мин өстән-өстән генә таныш идем, шуңа күрә башлангыч чорда, КАМАЗны һәм аның бөтен аулак җирләрен әйләнеп чыкканчы, мин күбрәк «Вести КАМАЗа» газетасы хәбәрчеләре белән бергә йөрдем. КАМАЗ тормышында һәм эшчәнлегендә өйрәнәсе-төшенәсе «маддәләр» хәттин ашкан иде әле. Урыс телендә язучылар Эльвира Мөхәммәтдинева, Эльмира Яковлева һәм Раил Галләмев (ул вакытта «Вести КАМАЗа» мөхәррире урынбасары) бер елдан артык минем заводлардагы һәм җитәкчелек оешмаларындагы остазларым булдылар. Үз язмаларымны алар белән килештерә идем, чөнки КАМАЗда татар телен яхшы белүче җитәкчеләр бик аз иде ул вакытта да. Ә редакциядә Зәки Хәнәфи улы үзе өйрәтте мине яңа һөнәр алымнарына һәм серләренә. Урыс телендә дә яза башлагач, мине «иң югарыдагы» кабинетларга Наил Фатих 
улы үзе ияртеп йөрде. Бу очракта мин урыс телендә язылган мәкаләне, Наил абый төзәткәннән соң, татар теленә дә тәрҗемә итеп бирә идем. 

Бары 1996 елда гына мин «тулы мөстәкыйльлек»кә чыктым. Наил Фатих улы гына – һәм «бик җаваплы очракларда», әйтик, иң югарыдагы җитәкчеләр белән әңгәмә үткәргәндә – 
мине элеккечә ияртеп йөрде. 2002 елга кадәр, ул үзе пенсиягә чыкканчы. «Вести КАМАЗа» хәбәрчеләре язган һәм автогигант тормышының мөһим күренешләрен яктырткан материаллар тәрҗемәсе дә өлешчә минем өстә булды. «Репертуар киңлегем» торган саен үсә барды. Ә шәһәрдә мин баштан ук гел үзем генә эшләдем. Спорт, милли хәрәкәт, мәдәният, мэриянең милли оешмалар бүлеге җитәкчесе Галимҗан Зарипов карамагындагы милләтара багланышлар, сәнгать чаралары – берсе дә читтә калмады.

Шәхси табышлы булмаганга күрә, «Нур» газетасының хәбәрчеләре бу «вак-төяк нәрсәләр»гә игътибар итмәделәр. Ул вакытта милли хәрәкәтнең акча туплана торган бер юнәлеше ныграк җәлеп итә иде аларны. Аны соңрак рәсми Казан Мәскәү басымы астында «экстремистик» дип игълан итте. Минзәлә аракы заводындагы хәлләрдән соң ТИҮнең бу тармагы бөтенләй тыелды дисәң дә була. «Корсак тәмугка илтә» дигән кисәтүне санга сукмады милләтчеләребез ул вакытта. КАМАЗ җитәкчелеге исә бу «ультра» төркемен әле гендиректор Николай Бех заманында ук өнәп бетерми иде. Иван Костин чорында да мөнәсәбәт үзгәрмәде. 

«Миңа бу эш өчен түлиләрме-юкмы, түләсәләр – күпме?» дигән сорау мине бөтенләй кызыксындырмады. Шушы коточкыч елларда да КАМАЗ өчен артык кеше булып китмәвем 
үзе бер галәмәт һәм юаныч иде. Яңалыкларның бер өлешен, үзем тәрҗемә итеп, «Вести КАМАЗа»га биреп бардым. Газета мөхәррире, озын-озак еллар дәвам иткән журналистлык тәҗрибәсенә ия булган кеше, ике ел Әл-Җәзаирдә эшләгән һәм француз телендә иркен сөйләшүче Валерий Леонид улы Аракчеевның ярдәме һәм сабагы да зур терәк булды минем өчен туксанынчы елларда. Аннары ул шәһәргә, «тагын да җаваплырак эш»кә күчте һәм хәтта күпмедер вакыт Русия күләмендә таратыла торган журналны да җитәкләде. Һәм мин КАМАЗның урыс телле газетасында баштан ук һәм ахыргача чит кеше булмадым. Валерий абый урынына калган Раил Шәфигулла улы 
Галләмев исә (хәзер гүр иясе инде, авыр туфрагы җиңел булсын аның) үзе дә татарча иркен сөйләшә һәм укый-яза торган кеше иде. Кызганычка каршы, аның һәм Зәки Хәнәфи улының, «Вести КАМАЗа» белән «Нур» газеталарын берләштерү, татар телле мөстәкыйль басманы КАМАЗга юнәлтү һәм, шул рәвешле, татар теленең үзен дә заводларда саклап калу хыяллары тормышка аша алмый иде. Татар телендә язучылар цехларга кереп эшләргә, димәк, ике телдә дә язарга һәм хезмәт коллективларында татар теленең урынын хакларга теләмәделәр. Һәм «Гөлнәфидә юлын» да татар журналистлары хупламады. «Нур» сүнде: 2003 елда «КАМАЗ хәбәрләре» исеме астында «Вести КАМАЗа»ның тулы тәрҗемәле дубляжы булып китте, ә 2008 ел башында юкка чыкты. КАМАЗ татар телен онытты инде...&lt;br&gt; 

'''Тирән кризистан – яшәүгә!'''&lt;br&gt;

'''ФОТО:''' Нурлылар 1990 нчы еллар уртасында. Арткы рәттә (сулдан уңга): фотохәбәрче Николай Брик, Өлфәт абый Гыйлаев, мин үзем, мөхәррир Зәки абый Хәнәфиев, «Вести КАМАЗа» газетасында мөхәррир булып калган Раил абый Галләмев. Алгы рәттә (сулдан уңга): рәссам Фаил Исламов, Резидә Гасимова (хәзерге вакытта «Мәйдан» журналының баш мөхәррире), уң якта – Резидә Йосыпова (бүген «Шәһри Чаллы»ның баш мөхәррире). 

'''ФОТО:''' Бер өйрәнчеккә – өч остаз! Арттагы рәттә, уңнан сулга: «Рабочий КАМАЗа» газетасына нигез салган Валерий Леонид улы Аракчеев, «Нур» һәм «КАМАЗ хәбәрләре» газеталарының баш мөхәррире Мөхәммәтзәки Хәнәфи улы Хәнәфиев, «Вести КАМАЗа» газетасының 1990 нчы кризис елларындагы мөхәррире Раил Шәфигулла улы Галләмев.

Узган гасыр азагы һәм хәзергесенең беренче еллары чыннан да иң авыр чор булды КАМАЗның 56 еллык гомерендә. Миллиардлаган бурычка һәм бөлгенлеккә төшкән олы ширкәт кем кулына эләгер? Чит ил «туристлары»ның тугыз ай буе эшсез утырган заводларга ара-тирә килеп-китеп йөрүе үзе бер сигнал булды. Минем үземә, әйтик, Япониядән һәм Швейцариядән килгән сәяхәтчеләрне бушап калган заводлар һәм шәһәр буйлап озатып йөрергә туры килде.

Безгә Альп таулары итәгеннән җибәрелгән ирле-хатынлы бер 
пар белән аралашу, танып белү җәһәтеннән караганда, бик гыйбрәтле булды минем өчен. Туган телләре алман теле иде аларның, башлыча шул телдә сөйләштеләр үзара. Бик күңелле һәм юмор хисле, холыкларында тәкәбберлекнең эзе дә булмаган кешеләр иде. Француз, итальян һәм инглиз телләрен дә беләләр, ләкин аларны кулланмадылар бу очракта. Урыс телен дә аңлыйлар һәм гадирәк итеп булса да гәпләшә алалар. Ә инде минем алман сөйләшен чамалавымны сиземләгәч, алар, миңа карап елмаеп алдылар да... бөтенләй таныш булмаган башка телгә күчтеләр. Мин дә сүз сорап күршегә керә торганнардан түгел, алардан шаяртып сорадым: «Бусы нинди торналар торкылдавы тагын?» – дип. «Бу безнең ретороман телләренең алман теленә нигезләнгәне!» – диделәр. Төрле кантоннарда берничәшәр мең кеше генә сөйләшә торган җирле телләрнең икенчесе француз теленнән үсеп чыккан. Икесе дә атаклы идиш теленең Швейцариядә «пешкән» һәм җитлеккән үзенчәлекле «игезәкләре». Икесе дә кайбер төбәкләрдә рәсми статуска ия икән. 

Швейцариялеләр белән аралашкач, минем «графоманлык тупланмасы», башка телләрне белүнең әһәмиятен хаклап, ассоциатив бәйләнешле ике шигырьчек белән тулыланды:&lt;br&gt;

'''Мономах малахае'''&lt;br&gt;
«Картайдың, Мономах туган:&lt;br&gt;
«Яшел елан» зиһенең буган,&lt;br&gt;
Фикерең таркау, сүзең тупас...&lt;br&gt;
Булмас, ахры, синнән булмас! –&lt;br&gt;
Диде Әхмәт. – Бир, агайне!» –&lt;br&gt;
Кабат киде малахайны.&lt;br&gt;

'''Шапка Мономаха'''&lt;br&gt;
Постарел Мономах: говорит невпопад,&lt;br&gt;
Вечно пьян и ленив, грубоват,&lt;br&gt;
Чувство меры ему изменяет;&lt;br&gt;
И былого величья уж нет...&lt;br&gt;
А в коротких штанишках Ахмет&lt;br&gt;
Его шапку тайком примеряет.&lt;br&gt;

Агымдагы сәясәт тә читтә калмады. Әйтик, «Бердәм Русия» фиркасен төзүнең башлангыч чоры минем графоманлыкта менә шундый чагылыш тапты: 

'''Хмельной коктейль'''&lt;br&gt;
«Отечеством» разбавили «Единство»,&lt;br&gt;
«Вся Россия» закусью пошла;&lt;br&gt;
От избытка чести всмесь со свинством&lt;br&gt;
Дурь в стране бурьяном проросла...&lt;br&gt;

Безнең Җәмәгатьчелек белән элемтәләр үзәгендә дә «кыскартулар» булмый калмады. Күп кеше эштән үз теләге белән китте. Китми калган хезмәткәрләргә алны-ялны белмичә һәм хезмәт кенәгәсе буенча биләгән урыннарына карамыйча эшләргә туры килде. Төп юнәлешебез КАМАЗны... Мәскәү һәм аның җирле табак ялаучылары һөҗүмнәреннән саклау булды. 1998 елның гыйнварында Наил Фатих улы мине «Нур»дан алып үз карамагына күчерде. Яңа вазифамны хезмәт кенәгәсенә «әйдәп баручы белгеч» дип яздылар. КАМАЗ турында хәбәрләрне җыю һәм язу, бергә туплау, бер телдән икенчесенә тәрҗемә итеп, Чаллының, Татарстанның һәм бөтен илнең матбугат чараларына тапшыру, аларда эшләүче журналистларны мөһим вакыйгаларга, матбугат конференцияләренә чакыру, аларның КАМАЗга кагылышлы язмаларын һәм тапшыруларын күзәтеп бару – төп эшем шул булды.

Бервакыт «КАМАЗ» акционерлык җәмгыятен... тулысынча Татарстан кулына тапшырдылар. Казаннан «булдырабызлар» төркеме килеп утырды идарә кәнәфиләренә. Вакытлыча инде, чөнки бу «комбинация»нең асылын махсус аңлатып торасы юк иде: соңрак КАМАЗ йә тулысынча Мәскәү кулына, йә өлешчә чит ил компанияләре карамагына да төшәчәк. Һәм ул шулай булып чыкты да. «Всем сёстрам по серьгам» принцибына туры китереп башкарылды милек бүлешү. Моны алдан ук яхшы аңлаган хәлдә, «булдырабызлар» бик тартынып тормадылар. Бу хакта менә шундый шигырьчек язылды: 

Мы КАМАЗом управляли –&lt;br&gt;
Как хотели и без фальши:&lt;br&gt;
Влево-вправо руль крутили&lt;br&gt;
И карманы набивали;&lt;br&gt;
Кой-кому «звезды» вставляли,&lt;br&gt;
Кой-кого там задавили…&lt;br&gt;
Вот поели и попили&lt;br&gt;
И пошли по кругу дальше.&lt;br&gt;

Ләкин Татарстанның Түбән Кама районы авылында туып үскән һәм җаны да, тәне дә КАМАЗныкы булган генераль директор Иван Михаил улы Костин үз эш өстәленә куйган трафареттагы девиз үзгәрешсез калды – '''«Прорвёмся!»''' Чөнки ул барыбызның да уртак өндәмәсе иде. Юк, КАМАЗны болай тиз генә сатып эчеп бетереп булмый иде шул, моны читтән торып һәм ныгытып эстәүчеләр хәттин ашкан булса да. Тугыз ай буе баш конвейер эшләмәде, ә бер тиенне икенчесенә ялгап көн күрүче эшчеләр һәм хезмәткәрләр кыш буе эшләгән урыннарына җәяү барып (трамвайлар йөрми иде), цехларны һәм территорияне җыештырып, бөтен җиһазларны карап-тикшереп, ремонтлап тордылар. Бушлай, түләүсез! 

Шулай да КАМАЗда зур үзгәрешләр котылгысыз булып китә иде инде. Чөнки Иван Михаил улы Костин белән кулга кул тотынып эшләгән патриотлар һәм технократлар заводларны берүзләре генә сазлыктан тартып чыгара алмый иде. Җитәкчелек мөмкин булганның барысын да эшләде, КАМАЗны аякка бастыру өчен, сүз дә юк. Ләкин... ничә гасыр инде Русия белән икътисад һәм иҗтимагый зарурият түгел, ә кансыз-җансыз сәясәт һәм комсыз хосусый мәнфәгатьләр идарә итә бит! 

Кискен үзгәрешләрнең «беренче карлыгачы» безнең ҖЭҮгә 2001 елның декабрендә килеп кунды. КАМАЗның гаять уяу җитәкчелеге директорыбызны Казанга ул вакытта ТР икътисад министры һәм хөкүмәт рәисе урынбасары Сергей Анатолий улы Когогин белән әңгәмә үткәрергә юллады. Әлбәттә, бу гамәлнең инициативасы Татарстанның иң 
югары даирәләреннән булгандыр, дигән фикер калды. Чөнки КАМАЗның инде батмаячагы аермачык иде – камазлылар үзләре аны батырмаячаклар бит. Ләкин Татарстанның акционерлык җәмгыятендәге өлешен бөтенләй югалтмау мәсьәләсе өскә калкып чыкты. 

Интервьюны, аңлашыла ки, Наил Фатих улы үзе үткәрде, ә үз газеталарыбыз һәм тышкы матбугат чаралары өчен язмаларны мин әзерләдем. Министрның үз сүзләрен һәм сорауларга җавапларын түкми-чәчми кәгазьгә төшердек, фикерләрне тиешенчә тулыландырып һәм мөмкин булганча камилләштереп, язманы саллы интервью калыбына керттек. Ләкин мәкаләне Казан белән килештерүгә озатып төзәттергәннән соң, без аны... бөтенләй үзебезнеке дип танымадык та. Аңарда өстән-өстән генә сыпыручы «телевизион» сорауларга шундыйларның да асылына төшендерми торган җаваплар гына калган иде. Укыган кешедә «ә бу лыгырдашу кемгә һәм нәрсәгә кирәк булды икән?» дигән сорау туа. Без әзерләгән язманы министрның матбугат сәркатибе Ирина Быстрова «эшкәрткән» булып чыкты. Бу хәсрәт «интервью»ны үз газеталарыбызда урнаштырдык һәм тышкы матбугатка да бирдек инде, ни хәл итмәк. Ә үзебез әзерләгән тулы канлы язманы генераль дирекциягә тапшырдык.

Шулай да Сергей Анатолий улының КАМАЗ җитәкчелегенә киләчәген алдан чамалау безне куандырды гына. Ул бит сәясәт кешесе, «уен кагыйдәләрен» белә, Мәскәү коридорлары аша үтеп, кабинетлар ишеген төртеп кенә ача торган кеше. Апрельнең соңгы декадасында Сергей Анатолий улын КАМАЗ идарәчеләренә генераль директор дип тәкъдим иттеләр. Иван Михаил улы Костин Пермьгә китте, андагы хәрби заводны сазлыктан тартып чыгарырга, Чаллыда КАМАЗны исән калдырган шикелле коткарырга дип. Ләкин...&lt;br&gt;

==== '''«Совсем не важно, что делается?»''' ====
Ләкин без... сәяси белдексез һәм алдан күрә алмаучы беркатлы бәндәләр булганбыз. Без әле ул вакытта үзебезнең, Җәмәгатьчелек белән элемтәләр үзәгенең, нинди мәгънәсез һәм акылга сыймаслык «реформалар»га дучар булачагын күз алдына да китерә алмый идек... 
Июнь аеның дүртенче көне. Мин гадәттәгечә эшкә бөтен хезмәттәшләремнән дә алданрак килеп җиттем. Көндәлек эшкә 
фикерләр туплау өчен. Казаннан шалтыраттылар: «Мы вас поздравляем: к вам едет...» – «Ревизор? Удивили! Ревизоры на нас 
тут каждую неделю наезжают!» – «Но вашего «ревизора» зовут... Ирина Быстрова! И она будет рулить вами». – «Да, это, пожалуй, меняет дело...» 

Наил Фатих улы бу хакта элек үк хәбәрдар булган икән, аны бу «яңалык» гаҗәпләндермәде. Ике атнадан соң, эшләрне Ирина туташка тапшыргач, олыгайган директорыбызны пенсиягә озаттылар. Беренче мөстәкыйль планёркада Быстрова сүзен болай башлады: «Не важно – что делается, важно – кто делает!» Һәм озакламый... КУБ үсә башлады. КУБ – «Клуб Уволенных Быстровой» инде ул. Хезмәттәшләребезнең беришесе шунда ук «үз теләге белән» читкә тайды, кайсыберсе «үгетләгәч» кенә. Икенче төркемгә хәтта минем турыдан-туры җитәкчем Алексей Николай улы Шилободин да эләкте. Дөньяга үзенчәлекле һәм фәлсәфи карашы, җитди нәрсәләр турында беркем кабатламый торган төпле һәм тирәнтен фикере булган язучы, үтә сәләтле шагыйрь, журналист, кешене бер сүздән аңлап ала торган һәм аңа ярдәм кулы суза белгән шәхес. Ул кризис елларында күпмедер вакыт «Вести КАМАЗа» газетасын да җитәкләде әле. Һәр елның беренче көннәрендә, бөтен КАМАЗ кышкы каникулларда булган вакытта, «КАМАЗ-Мастер» автоузышчылар такымының «Париж-Дакар» ярышларында трассадан хәбәрләр биреп торучысы да булды ул. 1999 елдан башлап 2007 елга кадәр мин үзем аның хәбәрләрен башта «галәм телефоны» аша, аннары электрон почтадан кабул итеп, бөтен илгә таратып тордым. Мәскәү ул вакытта илнең КАМАЗ карамагындагы җыелма такымын бар дип тә белми иде әле. 
Һәм әле бит эш рәтен белә торган кадрлар китүеннән генә безнең ҖЭҮдә штатлар кыскармады: бер куылган кеше урынына Казаннан ике танышын чакыртып алдылар. Дөрес, озакка чыдамадылар тегеләре, чөнки – гаҗәеп күренеш! – алар башлыча намусын җуймаган һәм белдекле телевидение журналистлары иде. Ничек соң, мәйтәм, Казанда рәхәтләнеп эшләп утырган урыннарын ташлап, Чаллыга килә алганнар? Барысы да китеп беттеләр озакламый, берсе (татар кызы, минемчә, килмешәкләр арасында иң сәләтлесе һәм булдыклысы) еллар буе Мәскәүдә НТВ каналының менә дигән алып баручысы булып эшләде. Хәзер аны «оппозиция»гә чыгардылар, «чит ил агенты» дип игълан иттеләр, һәм ул чыннан да чит илгә китеп котылырга мәҗбүр булды. 

Шулай итеп, бүген бөтен ил күләмендә «гадәти» булып киткән (һәм элек тә, хәзер дә бернинди төзек мәгънәсе булмаган!) «сәясәт» белән без КАМАЗда 2002-2003 елларда ук таныштык. 

КУБка керү чираты минем каршыма 2002 елның сентябрендә килеп басты. Турыдан-туры әйттем Ирина туташка: «Мине шәһәрдә эшсез калдырмаслар шәт. Ләкин үзем эшли белгән һәм яратып башкарган эштән үз теләгем белән китмәячәкмен!» Шуннан соң булган хәлләрнең миңа бер өлеше генә мәгълүм. Быстрова мине эштән куу турында кәгазьне кадрларга илтеп биргәч, тегеннән кемдер бу хакта Чаллы журналистларының рәсми булмаган лидеры Илисә Ганеевага шалтыраткан. Илисә мине яклап Когогин исеменә хат язган, һәм бер тәүлек дигәндә бу хат астына Чаллы журналистларының егермесеннән артыгы имза салган. Шулай итеп, мин ҖЭҮдә КУБка керүдән котылып калган беренче кеше булдым. 

==== '''Җитди сынау. Соңгысымы?''' ====
Әйе, маҗаралар моның белән генә тәмам булмады әле. 2003 елның 21-22 апрель көннәрендә (дүшәмбе һәм сишәмбе) мине КАМАЗның Баулыдагы сервис үзәгендә Фәнни-техник үзәк белгечләре белән бергә үткәрелгән чарада катнашырга җибәрделәр. Бу хактагы язманы, җомга көнне чыга торган газеталарда урнаштырыр өчен, бер көн эчендә язып бетереп, ФТҮ мөһәндисләре белән килештеререргә һәм, ихтыяҗ булса, төзәтергә кирәк иде. Шуңа күрә мин, Чаллыга әйләнеп кайткач, мәкаләне һәм аның татар теленә тәрҗемәсен кич һәм төне буе диярлек утырып әзерләдем. Шуннан соңгы черем итеп алуым озаккарак сузылган булып чыкты, һәм мин, иртәнге ашны ашап та тормыйча, тизрәк Фәнни-техник үзәккә ашыктым. Иртәнге сигезгә кадәр барып җитәргә кирәк, чөнки ФТҮ җитәкчеләренең һәм конструкторларының көндәлек планёркадан соң таралышып бетүе дә ихтимал. 

Заводка илтә торган автобуслар китеп беткән иде инде. Трамвай ярты шәһәрне әйләнеп үтеп бара. Хәсән Туфан проспекты буйлап туп-туры җәяүләп чапсаң, тизрәк барып җитәсең. Ул вакытта зур урамнарның уртасында хәзерге кебек киртәләр юк иде. Сөембикә проспекты аша турыдан чыгып җитәм дигәндә генә мине... зур тизлектә кире якка таба, юл хәрәкәтенә каршы баручы (!) «алтынчы Жигули» бәрдерде, һәм мин тротуарга, автобус тукталышына барып төштем. Юл аша чыкканда ул машина миңа бөтенләй юл читендә туктап торган кебек тоелган иде. Туп-туры өстемә килүче автомобильне соңгы мизгелдә генә күреп алдым һәм, инстинтив рәвештәдер инде, алга-өскә сикердем. Шул сәбәпле көпчәкләр астында калмаганмын, «Жигули»нең капотына һәм сул як тәрәзә пыяласына бәрелгәнмен. Югыйсә, ныграк та җәрәхәтләнгән булыр идем, дип уйлыйм. Аяк балтырым – бамперга, маңгаем алгы тәрәзәгә орынып кына киткән булган, тәрәзә пыяласы чатнамаган да. Баш мием селкенмәгән, аяк балтыры тырналган гына. Ә төп «контакт» иңбашыма туры килгән. Сул кулымның очы сынган, ләкин умрау сөягенә зыян килмәгән. Менә шундый сәер траектория буенча очып китеп, машина белән гәүдәмнең берьюлы өч җире «үбешкән» булып чыкты. Аңым бер мизгелгә генә томаланып китте. Тротуарга килеп төшкәч үк торып та бастым. 

Моның очраклы хәл булмавын шунда ук аңлап алдым. Беренчедән, әйткәнемчә, «Жигули» юл хәрәкәтенә каршы һәм юлның иң кырыеннан килгән иде. Каршы йөгерүче машиналар белән юл уртасында бәрелешмәс өчендер инде. Икенчедән, мин торып басканда, бәрдергән машина... 20 метр артка чигенеп, яңадан элеккеге урынына барып туктаган иде. Хәтта кире якка да борылмаган. Өченчедән, минем янга килеп хәлемне белгән кеше (Флүс исемле татар)... машинаның уң яктагы ишегеннән чыкты. Һәм ул миңа, күптәнге танышым кебек... татарча эндәште. Минем татар икәнлегем маңгаема язылмаган бит! Күзләрем зәңгәр, борыным яһүднеке кебек, югыйсә. Ә «Жигули» Флүснең үз машинасы икән. Сул якта, руль артында утырган кеше бөтенләй пәйда булмады. Бәлки ул, җен-пәригә әйләнеп, шунда ук күккә очып киткәндер? Машинаны йөрткән кешенең кем булуын белми калдым һәм беркемнән сорамадым да. Миңа «стандарт булмаган рәвештә», берни аңламаган булып кыланырга кирәк, дидем үземә үзем. Бер әҗәлдән котылып, икенче җир тәмугына барып керәсе түгел бит инде. «Һәм бу «очраклы хәл»не болай тупас итеп кем оештыра алды икән?» дигән сорау да ярым җавапсыз калды. Бөтенләй акылын җуйган, бар дөньяга ачуы чиктән ашкан, үзенең теләсә кайсы вазгыятьтә дә аклана алачагына һәм җәзасыз калачагына ышанган, кешелек сыйфатларын тәмам югалта башлаган бәндә генә моны эшләргә сәләтле, дип уйладым. Нигә бер сәбәпсез кылдылар соң бу җинаятьне? Кемнең юлын шулкадәр гафу итмәслек итеп кистем соң мин үз гомеремдә?! 

Күпмедер вакыт үткәч, мине Ашыгыч медицина ярдәме хастаханәсенә алып киттеләр. Соңрак юл автоинспекциясе сораштыра башлагач, мин гаепне үз өстемә алдым: «Үзем дә бик ашыктым шул. Флүскә каршы бернинди дәгъвам юк, ләкин операция ясаган өчен түләргә акчам җитми, булышса иде ул миңа», – дидем инспекторга. Югарыда бәян ителгән нәрсәләрне телгә дә алмадым. Инспектор үзе дә төшенгәндер инде моның планга кертелгән «бәхетсезлек» булуына һәм минем ни өчен күзгә бәрелеп торган фактларны яшерүемә. 

Сул кулымның очын ялгар өчен операцияне БСМПда... 8 май көнне генә, «очраклы бәхетсезлек»тән соң төп-төгәл ике атна үткәч ясадылар. Миннән соң килгән хасталарны гадәттә кичекмәстән савыктыра башлыйлар иде. Минем өчен нигәдер «искәрмә» ясалды. 

Хезмәттәшләрем һәм шәһәр журналистлары көн саен килеп, хәлемне белешеп тордылар. Бу хакта белеп алган Наил Фатих улы Галиуллин көн аралаш үз җәмәгатенең сөяк салып пешергән ашларын китерә иде. Минем андый тәмле ашларны гомердә ашаганым булмады! «Бу синең сөякләрең тизрәк үссен өчен», – дип аңлатты ул миңа. Ә мин: «Наил абый, миңа бит әле операция ясамадылар...» – дидем. 

Нәтиҗәдә 8 майга кадәр минем кулым, очы кыегаеп калган килеш, тоташып та өлгерде. Кулны өскә күтәрә алмый башладым. Хирургларга аны... яңадан сындырырга туры килде. Сөякне турайтып, металл энәләр белән беркетеп куйдылар. Июнь аенда, шул энәләрне алып ташлатыр өчен, тагын бер операция кичердем. Флүс бу ике операция өчен дүрт мең сум акча түләде. Кулбашымның ялганган кисәге йодрык кадәр булып үсеп китте. Егерме ел инде тырпаеп тора. «Ярый әле, расходка чыгармадылар, ни сәбәпледер кызгандылар», – дип губерманча куандым. Сәбәпләре, бәлки, чыннан да булгандыр аның. Бу хакта беркемнән дә сораштырмадым: вакыйганың үзем аңлаган «серләр»ен ачып салырга ярамый, дип уйладым. 

Җан биргәндә дә башыңны ташка бәрәсе булма! Хастаханәдә, күрше палатада бер гимнаст кыз операциядән соң дәваланып ята иде. Спорт залында күнегүләр ясаганда «бүрәнә»дән егылып төшеп, умыртка баганасын һәм оча сөяген сындырган булган. Мин сөяк ялганганны көтеп ятканда ул бөтенләй хәрәкәтсез булды, аны әнисе карады. Гимнаст кыз янына тренерлары һәм иптәшләре дә килеп йөри. Һич кенә дә төшенкелеккә бирелми: «Барыбер тереләчәкмен. Гимнастика белән генә шөгыльләнә алмам инде...» – дип юата иде үзен үзе. Ә минем бары тик кулым гына сынган. Һәм гомерлеккә инвалид булып та калмадым. Егерме ел инде сул кулымны баш түбәсеннән өскәрәк күтәрә алмыйм – шул гына!

Тышкы яралар төзәлеп беткәч, өйгә кайтарып җибәрделәр. Июль аенда яңадан эшкә чыктым. Шуннан соң мине иң гаҗәпләндергәне... Ирина туташ минем белән бер генә тупас сүз дә әйтмичә, берничек тә куркытырга тырышмыйча, бик ягымлы итеп сөйләшә башлады. Җитәкче белән эш башкаручы арасында гадәти дип саналган нормаль мөнәсәбәттә булдык моннан ары. «Баштан ук шундый булсаң, мин бит сине яратып та туя алмас идем!» – дидем үземә үзем шаяртып. «Әллә бу бәндәләр, КАМАЗ белән канга кан, үлемгә үлем сугышырга туры килер, дип төштеләрме Казаннан Чаллыга?» – дигән фаразым да бар иде. Мин Быстрованың бу могҗизалы үзгәрешенә әле хәзер дә ахыргача төшенеп бетә алмыйм. Без бит инде аны бөтенләй өметсез дип саный башлаган идек... 

Шулай да, үзе үк XX гасырның иң явыз залимнәреннән берсе булган совет юлбашчысының сүзләре бүген дә үз көчендә кала: '''«Хакимлек кешеләрне бозмый, киресенчә – иң бозык кешеләр үзләре хакимлеккә омтылучан».''' Үткән-беткән инде. Үтергеч булмаган һәрбер нәрсә безне куәтлеләндерә генә бит. Бу «очраклы вакыйга»дан соңгы иң зур югалтуым – шигырьләр язмый башладым. Тугыз ел элек сирпелгән иҗат нуры сүнде: хәзер бары тик башка телләрдән тәрҗемә белән генә шөгыльләнә алам...

==== '''Картайган ат буразнаны бозамы?''' ====
Көзгә таба, мин инде югарыда бәян ителгән бәхетсезлектән соң терелеп яңадан эшкә чыккач, мәскәүле Владимир Александр улы Самойлов безгә яңа җитәкче булып килде. Тагын берничә ай үткәч, Быстрованы читкәрәк тибәрделәр, безнең эшләргә тыкшына алмаслык итеп. Соңрак ул бөтенләй Мәскәүгә китеп тайды. Үз эченә кырыклап кешене бикләгән КУБ ябылды, бүтән беркемне дә эштән куарга тырышмадылар. Самойлов карамагында без үзебезне иркенрәк хис итә башладык. ҖЭҮ департамент итеп үзгәртелде (ДСО яки ҖЭД), хәзер ул «КАМАЗ матбугат хезмәте» рәвешендә эшен дәвам итә. Яңа һәм кешелекле мөнәсәбәтләрнең нәтиҗәсе шунда ук куандыра башлады: Ольга Ерашова-Жигульская, Татьяна Белоножкина, Татьяна Гыйматдинева кебек журналистлар элеккеге сәләтләрен дә уздырып эшли башладылар һәм чын мәгънәсендә КАМАЗ патриотлары булып киттеләр. 

'''ФОТОЛАР:''' 1. '''Ольга Авенир кызы Жигульская''' – җәмәгате белән бергә; мәрхүм Владимир Михаил улы «Республика Татарстан» газетасының Чаллыдагы үз хәбәрчесе иде. Хәзерге вакытта Ольга лаеклы ялда, ләкин КАМАЗ матбугат хезмәтенең бик мөһим эшләрен әле хәзер дә башкарып тора. Әйтик, ул «Рабочий КАМАЗа» («Вести КАМАЗа») газетасының 2023 ел сентябрь аенда билгеләп үтелгән 50 еллыгына багышланган китапның авторы булды. 

2. '''Татьяна Белоножкина''' – бүген дә «Вести КАМАЗа»ның әйдәп баручы журналисты һәм  безнең буынның «Вести КАМАЗа» газетасындагы «соңгы могиканы». 

Татьяна Гыйматдинова бүгенге ветераннар төркемендә иң яшь камазлы. Ул бүген шәһәр төзүчеләренең «матбугат һәм мәгълүмат алиһәсе» булып китте. Аның мәдәнияткә һәм сәнгатькә багышланган язмалары бигрәк тә күркәм, аларны укыган саен кабат укыйсы гына килеп тора. Бу күпкырлы сәләт иясенең бөтен җирдә дә, шул исәптән чит илләрдә дә, ким-хур булмаячагын аңлаган хәлдә, аның чит илгә китәргә теләгән бер кеше турындагы бик күңелле язмасы белән танышкач, гасыр башында Татьянага багышлап шундый дүртьюллык язган идем:

'''Таланты в землю не зарыты,'''&lt;br&gt;
'''И от культуры мы в экстазе.'''&lt;br&gt;
'''Пути в Америку закрыты –'''&lt;br&gt;
'''Куём мы СШАстье на КАМАЗе!'''&lt;br&gt;

'''Талант җирдә аунап ятмас, диләр,'''&lt;br&gt;
'''Җаннарыбыз – мәдәни экстазда.'''&lt;br&gt;
'''Америкаларга, ди, кертмиләр –'''&lt;br&gt;
'''Бәхет АкКоШларыбыз КАМАЗда!'''&lt;br&gt;

'''ФОТО:'''  '''Татьяна Әльянис кызы Гыйматдинова:''' тел һәм фикер байлыгы – әнисеннән, ягымлылыгы һәм татар җаны – әтисеннән. Иҗади табигате – үзенеке.

Уңай якка үзгәрешләр урынлашып беткәч, яңа вазгыять минем шаяртулы графоманлыгымда да үз эзен калдырды. Менә шундый рифма рәвешендә: 

'''Монолог старого коня'''&lt;br&gt;
('''закавыченные и «жирные» строки – из «гариков» Игоря Губермана''')&lt;br&gt;

'''''«Быть может, зря я так спокойно'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''своим призванием горжусь?»'''''&lt;br&gt;
Мне дал понять и сам Самойлов,&lt;br&gt;
Что я в герои не гожусь.&lt;br&gt;

'''''«Но окрылён надеждой снова,'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''я сам к себе отнёсся строже».'''''&lt;br&gt;
И что же скажет нам Быстрова:&lt;br&gt;
Корыстный интерес – дороже!?&lt;br&gt;

Ведь не дарёный я лошак,&lt;br&gt;
Чтоб мне заглядывали в рот;&lt;br&gt;
Не попадёт мустанг впросак:&lt;br&gt;
Федот – по-прежнему, всё тот!&lt;br&gt; 

'''''«Во мне смеркаться стал огонь;'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''сорвав постылую узду,'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''теперь я снова старый конь,'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''пославший к чёрту борозду».'''''&lt;br&gt;


Чынбарлыкта исә без – мин дә, хезмәттәшләрем дә – «буразна»дан тайпылмадык. Бер сәбәпсез аяк чалып торучылар булмагач, эшебез торган саен тыгызрак һәм күңеллерәк була барды. Бәлки әле нәтиҗәлерәктер дә. Быстровадан соңгы чорда сигез ел буе рәхәтләнеп эшләдем, дисәм дә, артык булмас. Рәсми хезмәт вазифаларымны үз теләгем белән, түләүсез башкарыла торган эшләр тулыландыра башлады. Әйтик, КАМАЗдагы мөһим вакыйлардан соң Чаллының татар телендә эшләүче «Күңел» радиосына барып, яңалыклар турында тәфсилләп сөйләп бирә идем.  

'''ФОТО:''' Гафиулла Газиз  

Турыдан-туры эфирга чыккан очраклар да булды. Татар телендә эшләүче «Азатлык» радиосының Кама аръягындагы үз хәбәрчесе Гафиулла Газиз (рәсемдә) белән даими аралашып тору да минем өчен мәҗбүри түгел, җан таләбе генә иде. Гафиулла бакый дөнья хозурында инде.

Гомумән, беркемне дә читкә тибәрмәдек, «безнекеләр» белән дә, чит-ят дип саналырлыкларга карата да мөгамәләбез бердәй булды. Җае чыккан саен КАМАЗга таш ыргытудан баш тартмый торган «Челны ЛТД» газетасын да без... аш белән сыйладык. Кемнәрдер үзләренең сәбәпсез-нисез гөнаһ кылырга теләген баса алмый икән, аларга... комачауламаска кирәк: эшләсеннәр, күрсеннәр үз гамәлләренең үзләре өчен файдасызлыгын һәм котылгысыз казасын. Мин эшләгәндә «Челны ЛТД» шәһәрнең иң популяр басмаларыннан берсе иде. Пенсиягә чыкканнан соң күпмедер вакыт үткәч, «җаваплылыгы чикле» булган газетаны ирексезләп банкротлыкка олактырдылар, дигән хәбәр ишеттем.&lt;br&gt;
 * * *&lt;br&gt;
Буразнам бозылганмы-юкмы – монысын «беркемгә дә кирәкмәгән язма»ны укучылар хәл итсен. Үзем «бозылмады» дигән фикердә калам. 2011 елның августына кадәр эшләдем КАМАЗның җәмәгатьчелек белән элемтәләр департаментында һәм үз теләгем белән пенсиягә чыктым. Тагын ике елга, 65 яшем тулганчы да калдырырга риза иде җитәкчелек. КАМАЗда шундый традиция: гади халык – 65 яшькә кадәр, җитәкчеләр җитмешен тутырганчы «берьюлы ике сыер сөтен имә ала». Ләкин минем, ярты ел элек үк, интернетта түләүсез һәм күпкә мавыктыргычрак эшләрем башланган иде инде.  

'''Намуслы «намуссызлык»'''&lt;br&gt;
Бу елларда гадәттән тыш хәлләр булмады. Ләкин шулай да «гадәтиләр»нең берсе – башкалар өстендә калкып тора торган. Сүз инде онытыла да башлаган «Рухнамә» әсәре турында. Бу хакта Википедиядә болай диелә: «Төркмәнбашы Сапармурат Ниязов язган дип саналучы «Рухнамә» китабының татар теленә тәрҗемәсен һәм тәүге кат бастырылуын Татарстанның Төркмәнстан белән тыгыз икътисадый мөнәсәбәтләре булган «КАМАЗ» АҖ белгечләре башкарды». 

Әйе, нәкъ шулай булды ул. Ләкин тәфсилләбрәк аңлата башласаң, эш башкачарак килеп чыккан иде. 2006 елның апрелендә КАМАЗ Ашгабаттан шундый «ультиматум» алды: «2007 елга Төркмәнстаннан зур заказ аласыгыз килсә, «Рухнамә»не татар теленә тәрҗемә итеп бирегез». Казанда автогигант җитәкчелегенең бу хактагы үтенечен башта кискен кире какканнар: «Ул-бу булмагае, Мәскәү нәрсә әйтер, төркиләрнең бөтен тарихын урлаган булып, «Бу бары тик төркмәннеке генә!» дигән уйдырмага төрки халыкларның мөнәсәбәте нинди булыр?» 

Әйе, «отмазка» чыннан да беренче карашка хакыйкый дип кабул ителерлек. Ләкин... бу вакытта «Рухнамә» һәм урыс, һәм инглиз, һәм алман, һәм хәтта төрек телләренә дә тәрҗемә ителгән иде бит инде. Ашгабатның нәкъ шундый «ультиматумы» аркасында! Дөрес, азрак кыскартканнар да, үзгәрткәннәр дә. Татарның кайсы җире ким ялганга корылган бу дөньяда? 

Шулай да, яраткан шагыйребез Игорь Губерман Казан әһелләренең «намуслылыгын», бәлки, болай аклар иде: «Юынтык суга ташланган һәрнәрсә әйләнә юынтык суга». Ничек кенә бизәсәң дә, ялган – ялган, фальсификация фальсификация булып кала. Бәхәсле мәсьәлә, сүз дә юк. Тегеләй уйласаң да, болай да, үзеңне хаклы дип күрсәтә алмыйсың... «КАМАЗ хәбәрләре» тәрҗемәчеләре дә тәрҗемә эшенә алынмаганнар: эш болай да муеннан, дубляжны туктатып торып булмый бит. Соңгы өмет мин фәкыйрегезгә килеп терәлде. «Туктале, ә нигә соң Казан шулхәтле астына җибәреп тора бу очракта? Күпмегә чыдар ул «Рухнамә» тарихи перспективага күчереп исәпләгәндә? КАМАЗ өчен 2007 елга зур заказ алу әһәмиятлерәк түгелме соң?» – дип акладым да үземне, эшкә керешергә булдым. Вакытны әрәм итмәс өчен, өйдә утырып эшләдем. 

Интернеттан «Рухнамә»нең төркмән телендәге тулы текстын, урыс, инглиз, алман телләренә тәрҗемәләрен күчереп алдым. Тиешле сүзлекләрне һәм белешмәләрне элегрәк, «бернигә дә кирәкмәгән нәрсәләр белән шөгыльләнү» елларында сатып алган яки соңрак электрон нөсхәләрен интернеттан күчереп алып туплаган идем. Урыс телендәгесеннән тәрҗемә итү берни дә түгел, әлбәттә, ләкин... аны «цензура» нык каезлаган булып чыкты: бите-бите белән төшереп калдырганнар яки үзгәртеп бетергәннәр бу «изге китап»ны. Төркмән теленнән төгәл тәрҗемә итү өчен, интернетта урнаштырылган төркмән-урыс сүзлеге күләмле дә, камил дә, куллану өчен җайлы да түгел. Гарәп-фарсы алынмалары да татар телендәгедән бермә-бер күбрәк сакланып калган хәзерге заман төркмән телендә. Инглиз телендәгесен нигез итеп алыр идем дә, мин ул телне махсус өйрәнмәдем бит, интернет текстлары аша гына азрак чамалый башладым. Алман телен балачактан ук үзләштереп килдем, әдәби текстларны сүзлексез дә аңлый идем инде. Ләкин биредә мин белмәгән фәнни-тарихи сүзләр һәм атамалар байтак.

Менә шулай, дүрт телдәге текстларны чагыштыра-чагыштыра, иртә таңнан төн уртасына кадәр эшләп, өч атнада тәрҗемәне түгәрәкли алдым. 21 май көнне татарча «Рухнамә» каралама рәвешендә әзер иде инде. Аны Казанга алып барып тикшерттеләр. Төркмәнстан җитәкчелегенә бүләк итү өчен, татарча «Рухнамә» китабының ике варианты эшләнде – алтын йөгертелгән һәм гадәти тышлысы. Алар Казанда бастырылды. Икесе дә 2006 елның сентябрендә Ашгабатта тантаналы рәвештә Төркмәнстан җитәкчелегенә тапшырылды. Бу тамашаны видеога төшереп алганнар иде, безгә дә күрсәттеләр. 

Нәтиҗәдә КАМАЗ, тимерне кызу чакта сугып, Төркмәнстаннан 2007 елда 4 мең данә йөк автомобиле җитештереп тапшырырга заказ алды. Бу шул елдагы тулаем экспортның өчтән бер өлешеннән артыграк иде. Алдагы елларда Ашгабатта КАМАЗның сервис үзәген төзеделәр. Рәсми чыганаклар тарафыннан бу «махсус операция» турында бернинди мәгълүмат бирелмәде. Мин дә әлеге «сер»не 2013 елга кадәр сакладым. Тәрҗемә эше өчен миңа 20 мең сумлык премия бирделәр. Мин ул акчага үземә яңа компьютер, ә гаиләмә кер юу машинасы сатып алдым. Компьютер әле бүген дә «исән», ләкин мин аны текстлар җыю һәм музыка уйнату өчен генә кулланам. Истәлекле электрон җайланма миннән соң да оныкларыма бераз хезмәт итсә иде дип. 

Ләкин «тарих» моның белән генә бетмәде. Ниһаять, Татарстан хөкүмәте дә, бер ел да дүрт ай вакыт үткәч, үзенең сәяси куркаклыгын җиңә алды. 2008 елның гыйнварында Ашгабатта «Рухнамә»нең татар теленә тәрҗемәсе… кабат тапшырылды. «Татарстан мәдәнияте көннәре» дип аталган рәсми чара кысаларында. Бу эшне Казан белгечләре ике атна эчендә башкарып чыкты, диелә «Татар-информ» агентлыгының 2008 ел 14 гыйнварда таратылган хәбәрендә. «Булдырганнар икән, маладислар!» дип куандым, хәбәрне укыгач. Китапны 20 данәлек тираж белән бастырганнар. Әмма бу «гамәл»… янгын беткәч ут сүндерү генә иде инде. Чөнки Төркмәнстанның яңа президенты, Аркадаг атамалы Гурбангулы Бердымөхәммәдев «Рухнамә»не әкренләп архивка озату турындагы боерыгын 2007 ел башында ук биргән иде.

Сапармурат Ниязовның 2006 ел 21 декабрендәге һич уйланмаган вафатыннан соң төркмән тормышында «Рухнамә»не башка җитәкчеләрнең казанышларына дан җырлаучы хезмәтләр алмаштырды. 2013 елның 1 сентябреннән башлап элеккеге «изге китап» Төркмәнстан институтларында һәм мәктәпләрендә бөтенләй өйрәнелми башлады. Бүген Чаллыда яшәүче яшь төркмәннәрдән сораштырган идем дә бу хакта, алар «Рухнамә»нең нәрсә икәнен дә белмиләр. Өлкәнрәкләре генә аз-маз хәтерли әле. Ә безнең күмәк тәрҗемәләр, бәлки, бүген Ашгабат архивларында тузан җыеп ятадыр…

==== '''«Кадерлә сакланып калганны!»''' ====
'''''(Дуслар иҗаты)'''''&lt;br&gt;

'''Коллеге'''&lt;br&gt;
(авторы – Ольга Жигульская, 2023 елда язылган)&lt;br&gt;
«Удобней мне инкогнито писать –&lt;br&gt;
Привык за годы беспорочной службы.&lt;br&gt;
Хотя всегда мне есть о чём сказать&lt;br&gt;
На языках, своей известных дружбой.&lt;br&gt;
Судьба моя – мать-мачеха, не мать&lt;br&gt;
(Не красного словца, не ради смеха):&lt;br&gt;
Труд журналиста начал постигать&lt;br&gt;
С позиции рабочего из цеха.&lt;br&gt;
Пытался даже гимны сочинять –&lt;br&gt;
На конкурс посылал, но не был понят.&lt;br&gt;
И до сих пор, как слушаешь, опять&lt;br&gt;
Душа патриотическая стонет...&lt;br&gt;
Есть у меня мой суверенный мир –&lt;br&gt;
Гораздо суверенней Татарстана.&lt;br&gt;
Меня бы понял, верно, мой кумир...&lt;br&gt;
Ведь кое-что роднит нас с Губерманом.&lt;br&gt;
Могу хоть чем – хоть прозой, хоть стихом,&lt;br&gt;
Или крутой сценарий забабахать...&lt;br&gt;
Но сколько можно, будучи спецом,&lt;br&gt;
Пресс-служиваться, дусларыбыз, так ведь?!&lt;br&gt;
Оно такое, горе от ума-с:&lt;br&gt;
И Чацкому прислуживаться тошно...&lt;br&gt;
Когда ушёл я, сразу на КАМАЗ&lt;br&gt;
Троих начальство взяло – это точно.&lt;br&gt;
Да, я ушёл с КАМАЗа – в виртуал.&lt;br&gt;
И в интернете вы ищите имя,&lt;br&gt;
Где я уже немало напахал...&lt;br&gt;
Признайтесь: вы забыли о Фагиме?»&lt;br&gt;

'''Хезмәттәшемә'''&lt;br&gt;
'''''(тәрҗемәсе)'''''&lt;br&gt;
«Имза куймый язсам – хәерлерәк,&lt;br&gt;
Тырышып эшли-эшли күнегелгән...&lt;br&gt;
Аңлатасым килә әмма төбәп&lt;br&gt;
Миңа таныш дуслык телләреннән.&lt;br&gt;
Язмышларым – гүя үги ана&lt;br&gt;
(Татып баксаң, мөмкиндер аңларга):&lt;br&gt;
Журналистлык насыйп булды миңа&lt;br&gt;
Чирек гасыр бил бөккәч цехларда.&lt;br&gt;
Гимннар тыңлап күңел канатлана,&lt;br&gt;
Үзем яздым – юк игътибар аңа.&lt;br&gt;
Бүген дә бит, калсам хыяллана,&lt;br&gt;
Ватанпәрвәр җаным гел сыкрана...&lt;br&gt;
Бар минем хөр, бәйсез үз галәмем –&lt;br&gt;
Татарстаннан күпкә мөстәкыйльрәк!&lt;br&gt;
Аңлар, бәлки... тиң түгел каләмем...&lt;br&gt;
Бер Губерман… аңа тартым йөрәк.&lt;br&gt;
Бар шигырьләп, рифмасыз язганым,&lt;br&gt;
Кереп кыргый урман-болын-кырга...&lt;br&gt;
Күпме мөмкин әмма, әй дусларым,&lt;br&gt;
Хезмәтчәнләп ялагайланырга?!&lt;br&gt;
Михнәт-хәсрәт – гел юлдаш акылга:&lt;br&gt;
Чацкий моны һич аңламый калмас...&lt;br&gt;
Мин калдырып киткән бер урынга&lt;br&gt;
Өч кешене алган икән КАМАЗ.&lt;br&gt;
КАМАЗлардан «виртуал»га киттем.&lt;br&gt;
Тарихларда исемем язарсызмы?&lt;br&gt;
Интернетта аз-маз хезмәт иттем...&lt;br&gt;
Фәһим булып калдым – аңларсызмы?»&lt;br&gt;

'''Ноябрь'''&lt;br&gt;
(авторы – Тамара Бравина, 2023 елда язылган)&lt;br&gt;
Улеглись страсти знойного лета,&lt;br&gt;
скинул краски осенний закат.&lt;br&gt;
Как предвестники новых сюжетов,&lt;br&gt;
за окошком снежинки летят.&lt;br&gt;
Правит бал госпожа Непогода,&lt;br&gt;
но лучом сквозь ненастную грусть&lt;br&gt;
серый цвет на мольберте природы&lt;br&gt;
оживляет рябиновый куст.&lt;br&gt;
У предзимья задача благая –&lt;br&gt;
без иллюзий, обмана, прикрас&lt;br&gt;
оценить то, что в жизни теряем,&lt;br&gt;
и сберечь, что осталось при нас.&lt;br&gt;

'''Ноябрь'''&lt;br&gt;
(тәрҗемәсе)&lt;br&gt;
Басылды эссе җәй хөрлеге,&lt;br&gt;
ямьләде җирне көз балкышы.&lt;br&gt;
Уйнаклый тәүге кар бөртеге –&lt;br&gt;
өр-яңа гүзәллек нәкыше.&lt;br&gt;
Үтсә дә һаваның чуагы,&lt;br&gt;
дикъкатьсез ямансу зарына –&lt;br&gt;
гамь өсти гел миләш куагы&lt;br&gt;
табигый буяулар кабына.&lt;br&gt;
Кыш алды игелек гөманы:&lt;br&gt;
күпертмә хыялый ялганны,&lt;br&gt;
хакла син тормышта узганны,&lt;br&gt;
кадерлә сакланып калганны.&lt;br&gt;

'''Посвящение к юбилею'''&lt;br&gt;
(авторы – Тамара Бравина, 2003)&lt;br&gt;
Обидели? Иди к Фагиму:&lt;br&gt;
Он яд прольёт на боль твоей души.&lt;br&gt;
Глядишь занозу из сердечка вынул,&lt;br&gt;
Проблему философски разложив.&lt;br&gt;
По-скорпионски ядовит и честен.&lt;br&gt;
Пройдёт сквозь многотемья бурелом.&lt;br&gt;
Слова и мысли – здесь всё на месте,&lt;br&gt;
И… тапочки под письменным столом.&lt;br&gt;

=== '''ЭПИЛОГ''' ===
Йомгаклау сүзен минем «тәрҗемәи хәл»не үземнән дә яхшырак белүче фикер иясе булган Ольга Жигульскаяның югарыдагы сүзләреннән башлыйк: «...И в интернете вы ищите имя, где я уже немало напахал...» Чыннан да, китапның мөхәррире Илисә ханым хаклы: моңа кадәрге йөз битнең ни өчен язылганы турында аңлатма бирмичә булмый. Үзреклама өчен булмады бит инде бу хезмәт! Әйе, интернеттагы эшләрем 2011 елның августында, бөтенләй пенсиягә чыккач, чын-чынлап активлашып китте. Гәрчә аның төп өч юнәлеше күптән инде билгеләнгән булса да:

1) tt.forvo.com халыкара әйтелешләр һәм аудиосүзлекләр сайты аша татар телендәге гади һәм «канатлы» сүзләрнең, сүзтезмәләрнең, гыйбарәләрнең, халык авыз иҗаты үрнәкләренең, борынгы һәм хәзерге заман әдәби әсәрләре өземтәләренең аудиотупланмасын дөньякүләм дәрәҗәгә күтәрү.

2) Җир шарындагы милләт һәм дәүләт гимннарының мөмкин булганын татар теленә тәрҗемә кылу – газиз Ватаныбыз тулы бәйсезлеккә ирешеп, киләчәктә Рөстәм Яхинның галәм музыкасына бөтен татар аягүрә торып басып җырларлык чын гимн сүзләре иҗат ителсә иде дип.

3) урыс телендә язучы яһүд шагыйре Игорь Губерманның дөнья әдәбиятында тиңдәше булмаган шигърият жанры җәүһәрләрен («гарикларын»), аларның – әлбәттә, мөмкин булганын – татар теленә дә тәрҗемә итеп, милләттәшләребезгә туган телебез аша җиткерү; татарда Тукай мирасы булып калган һәм Гамил Афзал белән Әхмәт Исхак дәвам иткән тәнкыйди фикерләүне югалтмаска тырышу.

Тагын берничә халыкара тел белеме проектында да эшли башлаган идем гасыр башында ук (әйтик, tatoeba.org һәм rhinospike.com интернет сәхифәләрендә). Боларның беренчесендә киң кулланыла торган бер үк җөмләләр һәм өземтәләр дөньяның төрле телләрендә бирелә, икенчесендә теге яки бу халык әдәбиятыңдагы кыска, әмма популяр һәм җыйнак әсәрләрнең аудиоязмалары тәкъдим ителә. Ләкин бу сайтларда бер-ике кеше генә, күпме тырышса-тырмашса да, сизелерлек нәтиҗәгә ирешә алмый. Һәм өстәвенә татарларда үзебезне дәррәү кубып дөньякүләм биеклекләргә менгезергә дигән – юк, мөмкинлек түгел! – теләк тә булмавы бик тиз ачыкланды. Шуңа күрә бу проектлар хәзер «туңдырылган» хәлдә. Без хәтта аларның интерфейсын (эчке аңлатмалы язуларын) татар телендә булдыру зарурлыгына да администраторларны күндерә алмыйбыз. Ә wikipedia.org сайтлар тармагында исә эшләр татарның үз корткычлыгына кадәр үк барып җитте инде: Казаннан бер бәндә кисәге башкалар язганны бозып һәм махсус программалар ярдәмендә хәреф хаталары өстәп утыра!

Беренче ике юнәлеш турында гаять тәфсилле һәм кызыклы мәгълүматлар «Мәдәни җомга» газетасының 2022 елгы 16 һәм 30 сентябрь, 7 октябрь көннәрендә чыккан 36 нчы, 38 нче һәм 39 нчы саннарында (һәркайсының 14-15 битләрендә) бар. 2021-2022 елларда җыйнаграк язмалар шулай ук «Челнинские известия», «Ватаным Татарстан» һәм «Ирек мәйданы» газеталарында да басылды. Аларның авторлары – журналистлар Илисә Ганеева, Фәния Әхмәтҗанова, Зилә Нигъмәтҗанова.

Forvo.com сайты – санап үтелгән проектларның иң әһәмиятлесе һәм популяры. Иртәме-соңмы, бүгенге шайтанча ашкынып глобальләшү чорында үз телен саклап калырга һәм аны лаеклы урынга күтәрергә теләмәгән аз санлы халыкларны көчләп ассимиляцияләү дә башланырга мөмкин. Һәм инкыйразга илтүче ассимиляция телне югалту гына түгел ул. Югалган телне өлешчә кайтарып була әле. Ә менә чит-ятларның үзең өчен гел зарарлы булган гадәтләрен үзләштерү тагын да яманрак.

Җимергеч «сәясәт» күптән инде әзерләнеп килә, ә 2017 елдан башлап ул гасырлар буе дөньякүләм шайтани сынау полигоны булган Русиядә бар көченә тормышка ашырыла башлады. Соңрак бу «тәҗрибә»не бар дөньяга тарату өчен. Әйтик, урыс булмаган телләрдә белем бирү чынлыкта тыелды да инде. Шул сәбәпле империянең кайбер халыкларын бүген үк «сызып ташларга» да була. Үзебез иҗтиһат кылырга теләмәсәк, бу фаҗига без татарларны да читләтеп үтмәячәк. Һәм «булдырабызлар» кыл да кыймылдатмыйлар бүген, алга таба да берни эшләмәсләр, бөтен дөнья өчен әһәмияте булган татар телен саклап калыйк дип! «Спасение утопающих – дело рук самих утопающих!»

Forvo сайтының татар тупланмасында бүген миннән кала тагын бер генә кеше эшли. Казан пенсионеры Шамил Нәҗипев ул. Элегрәк Миләүшә исемле, һәрьяклы төпле белемле һәм дөньяның берничә телен белә торган татар җанлы яшь туташыбыз да булыша иде безгә. Төрек лицеенда урта белем алган ул гасыр башында (юкка гына бу мәктәпләрне шапылдатып ябып куймадылар бит инде Татарстанда!). Югары белгечлеге буенча юрист. Ләкин хәзер инде аңа – намусын югалтмыйча – бу һөнәр буенча лаеклы эш табу, бәлки, мөмкин дә түгелдер. Русиядә дә, Татарстанда да. Шуңа күрә ул «пандемия» оештырылган елда чит илгә күчеп китәргә мәҗбүр булды. Үзе кебек үк киң күңелле тормыш юлдашын табу да читен булгандыр аңа. Чит илдә 

ул инглиз, урыс, татар һәм төрек телләренә тәрҗемә итү белән таба үз ризыгын. Былтыр көз көне Казанга һәм Чаллыга кайтып, безнең белән күрешеп-сөйләшеп һәм... мәңгегә дип хушлашып киткән иде. Шуннан соң ул кияүгә чыкты. Иренең исеме-фамилиясе һәм кем икәне дә билгеле. Кайда яшәгәннәре дә сер түгел безнең өчен. Бәлки балалары да бардыр инде. Кайчан туган илебезгә әйләнеп кайтасыларын гына фаразлап булмый...

Сайтның төп офисы Испаниянең Басклар Илендә, Сан-Себастьян шәһәрендә урнашкан, дөньяның дистәләгән илендә аның үз серверлары эшли. Мәскәүдә һәм Петербургта да бар иде алар. Ләкин 2013-2014 елларда әлеге «башкалалар» һакерлары Forvo сайтына каршы көчле һөҗүмнәр оештырдылар. Кайвакыт сайтны атна буе төзәтеп утырдылар басклар һәм испаннар. Әйтик, корткычлар 2014 ел башында татар тупланмасының 100 меңләп сүзен – башлыча топонимиканы һәм тезмә-кушма фигыльләрне – сөртеп ташладылар. Югалган тел берәмлекләренең бер өлешен торгызырга... сайтның алман милләтеннән булган кулланучылары ярдәм итте безгә! Канаданың көнбатышында яшәүче алман кешесе Вольфганг Һофмайерга аеруча рәхмәтлемен. Ул хәзер сайт эшендә катнашмый инде. Исән-сау булса, хәзер аңа 82 яшь булырга тиеш. Гомумән, без күп кенә илләр кешеләре белән тыгыз элемтәдә тора идек ул вакытта. Алманнардан кала, вьетнамлылар, инглиз телле британиялеләр, японнар, кореялылар, Төркиядә яшәүче татарлар белән хат язышып тордык сайт почтасы аша. Әмма «пандемия» чит ил дусларыбызның күбесен төшенкелеккә батырды, күбесе эшне ташлады инде, аралар да өзелде...

Ә бу сайттагы беренче татар сүзләрен 2008 елда ук Чаллы педагогия институтының бер мөгаллиме яздыра башлаган, аның тәхәллүсе – pippin2k. Кем булуын чамалыйм, 1990 нчы елларда Татар иҗтимагый үзәгендә бик актив кеше иде ул. Ләкин, кызганычка каршы, исем-фамилиясен искә төшерә алмыйм инде – онытылган. Соңрак, 2011 ел башында, аңа Шамил Зарипов килеп кушылган. 2011 елның 23 апрелендә, мин Forvo’да эшли башлаган көнне, безнең тупланмада 800дән артыграк сүз бар иде. Май аенда ук админнар миңа сайт интерфейсын татар теленә дә күчерергә тәкъдим иттеләр. Бөтен эчке аңлатмаларны алман һәм инглиз телләреннән тәрҗемә итеп урнаштырдым.

Сайт җитәкчеләре белән хәзер дә бик уңай мөнәсәбәттә торабыз. Баштарак, 2011-2012 елларда, сайттагы «татар һөҗүме» бик күпләрне аптырашта калдырган иде. Ләкин без берничә кат язган «дипломатия хатлары»ннан һәм Швециянең Мальмё университеты журналында урнаштырылган интервьюыбыздан соң (авторы – алман журналисты Михаэль Шетцляйн) безгә карашлар тамырдан үзгәрде, дисәң дә була. 2014 елда Кырым яңадан Русия карамагына кергәч, европалылар бөтенләй шок халәтендә булдылар. Бу вакыйга сайттагы вазгыятьне дә нык үзгәртте. Админнар рейтинг лидерларына карата өстәмә хәвефсезлек чаралары булдырдылар. Бу яңалык, әлбәттә, безнең эшне бераз әкренәйтте.

Унөч елга якын эшли-эшли, бердәнбер «гонорар» алдым. 2015 елда без сайтта «күләм рейтингы» буенча беренче урынга чыктык. Шуннан соң Лондонда яшәүче бер ханым, өй адресымны сайт почтасы аша соратып алып, миңа FORVO дип язылган фирма майкасын бүләк итеп җибәрде. Хәзер дә киеп йөрим аны: төсе бераз уңган булса да, тетелеп бетмәгән әле.

Без сайт эшенә илнең башка халыклары кешеләрен дә җәлеп итәргә тырышып карадык: мәсәлән, башкортларны, чуашларны, удмуртларны, мариларны, тывалыларны. Башкортлардан шундый җавап килде: «Беҙ быны кәрәк тип тапмайбыҙ, кәрәк тип тапһаҡ, ике атнала ике йөҙ мең һүҙ кертеп ултыртабыҙ!» Унбер ел вакыт үтте, башкорт тупланмасына 200 яңа сүз дә өстәлмәде әле. Калган 15 мең башкорт сүзен мин фәкыйрегез («Буа башкорты»!) үзе яздырды. Чуашлардан һәм удмуртлардан бөтенләй җавап килмәде. Тывалы бер туташ белән тыва тупланмасында матур гына эшләп киткән идек тә, аңа бу гамәлне, кияүгә чыккач, ир җәмәгате тыйды. Тывада патриархат дигәнең бик куәтле икән. Ә менә «көнчыгыш мари» диалектында сөйләшүче Елена ханым белән без ике елдан артык гөрләтеп эшләдек. Мин мари сүзләрен һәм өземтәләрен өстәп торам, мәскәүле Елена аларның әйтелешен яздыра. Нәтиҗәдә хәзер мари тупланмасында 60 меңләп тел берәмлеге бар! Эшне дәвам итүче генә юк...

Ниһаять, 2023 елның 30 августында, Шамил белән икәү башкарган җәйге «аврал»дан соң, без сайтта БЕР МИЛЛИОНЫНЧЫ татар тел берәмлеген яздырдык. Муса Җәлилнең «Җырларым» шигыре юллары иде ул: «Сездә минем бөтен тойгыларым, сездә минем керсез яшьләрем». Кертемне азәрбайҗанлы Бәхтияр Ваһабзадәнең Муса Җәлилгә багышланган «Очыгыз, тулпарларым!» шигыреннән (тәрҗемәсе Ренат Харисныкы) ике өземтә белән «уратып алдык».

«Ни өчен татар теле татарның үзенә һәм бөтен дөньяга да кирәк соң?» – дигән сорау да туарга мөмкин. Җавап шундый: безнең телебез, беренчедән, төрки телләрнең кыл уртасында сакланып калган һәм шуңа күрә төрки дөньяда аралашу теле булып китәргә сәләтле. Аны бары тик XX гасырда «бөек телләр»дән алынган сүзләрдән өлешчә арындыру гына мәслихәттер. Икенчедән, борынгы гасырларда Ислам дине Идел-Урал төбәгендә һәм Себердә төрки телләрне саклаучы һәм үстерүче ролен дә үтәгән булса, бүген нәкъ киресенчә: бу телләр һәм бигрәк тә татар теле бетсә, бүгенге Русия мәмләкәтендә Ислам диненә дә зур куркыныч янаячак. Соңгы биш гасыр хәтере безгә шулай ди. Өченчедән, татар теле һәм татар иҗтиһады аша урталык җирләренең һәм бөтен Евразиянең дә чынбарлыктагы тарихын торгызу җиңелрәк. Әйтик, олы кыйтга топонимикасының яртысы әле бүген дә тугандаш төрки телләрдә бит. Һәм бүген рәсми дип саналган тарих «бөек телләр»дә иҗат ителгән чеп-чи ялган тозагында. Ә ялганга корылган «цивилизация»нең бернинди перспективасы юк. Һәм илебезнең лаеклы киләчәге дә татарның актив катнашыннан гайре барлыкка килә алмый. Чирек гасырдан соң ук инде бүгенге рәсми «сәясәт» нәтиҗәләренең кешелек тәнендә яман шеш булып китүе ихтимал...

«Ни өчен бу сүзләрне атказанган сәясәт, әдәбият һәм мәдәният әһелләре түгел, ә махсус югары белеме һәм университетта алынган катыргы кәгазе дә булмаган бер бәндә яза соң?» – дип сорарсызмы? Чөнки бөекләребезне җанның-тәннең бөтен күзәнәкләрен дә йомарлап тотучы коткы һәм төшенкелек баскан, алар бүген шайтани көчләр коллыгында! Бу уңайдан Игорь Губерманнан төпле «җавап»:

'''''У писателей ушки в мерлушке'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''и остатки еды на бровях,&lt;br&gt;'''''
'''''возле дуба им строят кормушки,'''''&lt;br&gt;
'''''чтоб не вздумали рыться в корнях.'''''&lt;br&gt;

Әдипләрнең колаклары илтер,&lt;br&gt;
кашларында – азык калдыгы,&lt;br&gt;
тамырларда казынмасын диптер,&lt;br&gt;
имән төпләрендә утлыгы.&lt;br&gt;

Көлке түгел бу хәл – без кичергән фаҗига ул! Ошыймы-юкмы – икенче мәсьәлә. Һәм тагын бер актуаль фикер: милли инкыйраз теге яки бу милли-иҗтимагый күренеш турында «Нәрсәгә кирәк соң бу?» дигән сораудан башлана. Ә бу сорау бүген инде ялкаулыктан интегүчеләребезне нык «борчый»...

«Гариклар» турында. Сиксән җиде яшьлек урыс-яһүд шагыйренә гашыйк булдым, дисәм, дөрес булмас иде. Миңа аның үз кавемендә утыз гасырлык «кыйммәтләр» һәм максатлар өчен гап-гади көрәшче генә булуы сер түгел. Шул исәптән, ачыктан-ачык ялган-фальсификация ярдәмендә дә. Әйтик, аның адым саен кабатлана торган «татаро-монгольское иго» сафсатасы тарихи наданлыктан килеп чыкмаган бит. Белә ашкеназ Игорь Мирон улы дөнья тарихын – энәсеннән җебенә кадәр! Ләкин шул ук вакытта аның «гариклары» кебек камил һәм замананың нәкъ өстенә баса торган дүртьюллыклар язучы шагыйрьләр әле дөньяга тумаган. Татарда да юк хәзер аның тиңдәшләре. Без бу объектив гаделлекне танырга тиешбез: булдыра алмыйсың икән – тырыша-тырыша өйрән. Шул җөмләдән меңьеллык рухият көндәшләреңнән дә. Фоат Уразай боларны «дөнья тотучылар» дип атый, ә Андрей Девятов (Пётр Кваськов) – «планлаштыручылар» дип. Ә без кем бүген?

Безнең бу дөньяда бик мөһим бер үзенчәлегебез һәм аермабыз бар: «шайтан сайлаган» милләт булып китәргә хакыбыз да, хәтта мөмкинлегебез дә юк. Теләгебез дә булмаса иде! Мәрхүм Рашат ага Сафин («Татар юлы», «Татар миссиясе», «Татар инануы» һәм башка китаплар авторы) һәм замандашыбыз Фоат Уразай бу хакыйкатьне дистәләрчә мәртәбә исбат иттеләр инде үз әсәрләрендә.&lt;br&gt;
*  *  *&lt;br&gt;
Тупасрак булган булсам, кичерегез, җәмәгать. Минем дә түземлегем чиксез түгел ич – газиз халкымның куркаклыгын, мәнсезлеген һәм матдичелек сазлыгына үз теләге белән кереп батканын күзәтеп торырга. Бүгенгегез имин, киләчәгегез бәхетле булсын! Һәм шуның өчен тормышның бөтен даирәләрендә дә җиң сызганып эшкә керешергә ниятегез, теләгегез, ихтыяр көчегез һәм тырышлыгыгыз барлыкка килсен. Язмышының гел үзенә генә йөкләнгән өлешен үз кулына алырга теләмәгән халык беркайчан да хөр, азат һәм бәйсез булып китмәячәк. Һәм фани дөньяда бары тик намазлыкта утырып кына бакыйлык өчен дә җәннәт әһеле булуга ирешә алмыйсың...&lt;br&gt;

[[Category:Wq/tt]]</text>
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ကထိန်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/ktʰèɪɴ/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

===ဖွင့်ဆိုချက်===
၀ါကျွတ်လပြည့်ကျော်တရက်က တန်ဆောင်မုန်းလပြည့်ကျော်တရက်ထိ ယင်းကာလအတွင်း ကထိန်လျာသင်္ကန်း ကပ်လှူရခြင်း။ ကထိန်ပွဲ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
one of the Buddhist religious festival - &quot;Kahtain; offering of yellow robes to the members of the Buddhist Order for a special purpose  between the first waning day of သီတင်းကျွတ် and full-moon day of တန်ဆောင်မုန်း [Pali ကထိန]&quot;

=== ဗမာ ===
သီတင်းကျွတ်လပြည့်ကျော် တစ်ရက်နေ့မှ တန်ဆောင်မုန်း လပြည့်ကျော် တစ်ရက်နေ့အထိ ယင်းကာလအတွင်း ကထိန်လျာသင်္ကန်း ကပ်လှူရခြင်း။ ကထိန်ပွဲ။

===ပါဠိ===
ကထိန

== ကိုးကား ==
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[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
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ကကျက်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kkrɛʔ/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
လောင်းစပ်ရာမာ ပျိုင်ချပ်နှင့် လောင်းထောက်ကို အဂေါင်း မြုပ်အောင် ရိုက်သွင်း ရရေ သံချွန်၊ သစ်ချွန်၊ သစ်စို့၊ ဝါးစို့။

==== ဆက်စပ်အသုံးများ ====
ကကျက်ပေါက်

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
spike

=== ဗမာ ===
လှေစပ်ရာတွင် ပျဉ်ချပ်နှင့် လှေထောက်ကို ဦးခေါင်း မြုပ်အောင် ရိုက်သွင်း ရသော သံချွန်၊ သစ်ချွန်၊ သစ်စို့၊ ဝါးစို့။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
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ကခဂဃ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kkʰɡɡʱ/}}

=== ကြိယာဝိသေသန ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ကွဲကွဲ ပြားပြား။ ခြားခြားနားနား။ စစိနနံ။ စိသားကိုက်။

====ဆက်စပ်အသုံးများ====
ဂဃနဏ

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
exactly - definitely - explicitly - precisely

=== ဗမာ ===
ကွဲကွဲ ပြားပြား။ ခြားခြားနားနား။ သေသေချာချာ။ အတိအကျ။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
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ကခုံးမှီ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kkʰóʊɴm̥í/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
၁။ အိပ်လို့ မပျော်တပျော် ဟိရေ။ ၂။ အခိုက်အတန့် စိကေချေ အိပ်ရေ။

=== ဆက်စပ်အသုံးများ ===
ကခုံးမှီကခုံးမွှား

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
drowse

=== ဗမာ ===
၁။ အိပ်၍ ပျော်တပျော် ရှိသည်။ ၂။ အခိုက်အတန့် အနည်းငယ် အိပ်သည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
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ကကျင်ထိုး

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kkrɛʔtʰó/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
မခံချိ မခံသာယောင် စောင်း မြောင်း ပြောဆိုရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
cheap gibe

=== ဗမာ ===
မခံချိ မခံသာအောင် စောင်း မြောင်း ပြောဆိုသည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>osqp0nrpmdw4saauvdaubbalqh5ider</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ကကျင်ပင်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3693574</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304878</id>
      <parentid>6990119</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:06:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>အောင်သန်းလှ</username>
        <id>2629904</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304878</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1082" sha1="4jbem94vrjywqtuv4uug757l8nnjeu3" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ကကျက်ပင်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kkrɛʔpɪ̀ɴ/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဆပ်သွားဖူးပင် ပိုင် အသီး ခြောက်ကို ခြည်ခင် ရှင်းရာမာ အသုံးပြုသည့် အပင် တမျိုး။ (ကကျင် ပင်၊သွားသွားပင်ဟု လည်းခေါ်ရေ။)

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
screw and dried fruit as a kind of Yarn used to clean plant

=== ဗမာ ===
ဆပ်သွားဖူးပင် ကဲ့သို့ အသီး ခြောက်ကို ချည်ခင် ရှင်းရာတွင် အသုံးပြုသည့် အပင် တစ်မျိုး။ (ကကျင် ပင်၊သွားသွားပင်ဟု လည်းခေါ်သည်။)

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>4jbem94vrjywqtuv4uug757l8nnjeu3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ကကြိုး</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3693578</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304873</id>
      <parentid>6990133</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:56:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>အောင်သန်းလှ</username>
        <id>2629904</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304873</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2389" sha1="oz14u16j31rtg6ff4hjl6dwn1s2d88g" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ကကြိုး

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kt͡ɕó/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ခန္ဓာကိုယ်မာ ဆင်မြန်းသော တန်ဆာ တမျိုး။“ကကြိုးတန်ဆာ၊ ဒွါဒရာကို၊ ကိုယ်မာလည်းဝတ်”(ဒွေး)။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
jewelery

=== ဗမာ ===
ခန္ဓာကိုယ်၌ ဆင်မြန်းသော တန်ဆာ တစ်မျိုး။ “ကကြိုးတန်ဆာ၊ ဒွါဒရာကို၊ ကိုယ်မာလည်းဝတ်”(ဒွေး)။

== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ကကြိုး၂

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kt͡ɕó၂/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဆင်၊ မြင်း အစဟိစွာရို့ဧ့ နောက်ကုန်းထက်မာ လူထိုင်ရန် ပြုလုပ်ထားရေ ကကို မစောင်း မရွေ့ရယောင် ခြည်ဖွဲ့သော ကြိုး။ ဆင်၊ မြင်း အစဟိစွာရို့ဧ့ ခန္ဓာမာ ဆင်ထားရေ အဆင် တန်ဆာများ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
ornament

=== ဗမာ ===
ဆင်၊ မြင်း စသည်တို့၏ ကျောကုန်းထက်၌ လူထိုင်ရန် ပြုလုပ်ထားသော ကကို မစောင်း မရွေ့ရအောင် ချည်ဖွဲ့သော ကြိုး။ ဆင်၊ မြင်း စသည်တို့၏ ခန္ဓာတွင် ဆင်ထားသော အဆင် တန်ဆာများ။

== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ကကြိုး၃

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kt͡ɕó၃/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ကဟန် နည်းစနစ်။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
dance

=== ဗမာ ===
ကဟန် နည်းစနစ်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>oz14u16j31rtg6ff4hjl6dwn1s2d88g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ကချကရာ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3693599</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304879</id>
      <parentid>6990184</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:07:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>အောင်သန်းလှ</username>
        <id>2629904</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304879</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="539" sha1="7p1l6wk3xaqzh5vvnnxv6nz1ivf9ska" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ကချကရာ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kɕkɹà/}}

=== ကြိယာဝိသေသန ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဗဟရီ၊ အောက်တန်းကျဗျာယ်။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
nugatory

=== ဗမာ ===
အသုံးမကျ၊ အောက်တန်းကျလျက်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>7p1l6wk3xaqzh5vvnnxv6nz1ivf9ska</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ကချရာ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3693603</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304880</id>
      <parentid>6990193</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:08:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>အောင်သန်းလှ</username>
        <id>2629904</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304880</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="519" sha1="ql3ej8d517km8nc7gco46qc8z7onz6e" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ကချရာ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kɕɹà/}}

=== နာမဝိသေသန ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမဝိသေသန}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဗဟရီ ၊ အောက်တန်းကျသော။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
ineffective

=== ဗမာ ===
အသုံးမကျ ၊ အောက်တန်းကျသော။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>ql3ej8d517km8nc7gco46qc8z7onz6e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ကချီကချွတ်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3693933</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304881</id>
      <parentid>6990957</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:10:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>အောင်သန်းလှ</username>
        <id>2629904</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304881</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="738" sha1="ab0b33tgwk1ofa80gf0nzomf457scr2" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ကချီကချွတ်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kɕíkkʰrwaʔ/}}

=== ကြိယာဝိသေသန ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
၁။ အလွဲလွဲ အမှားမှား။ အလွဲလွဲ အချော်ချော်။ ၂ ကပျက်ကချော်။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
boner

=== ဗမာ ===
၁။ အလွဲလွဲ အမှားမှား။ အလွဲလွဲ အချော်ချော်။ ၂ ပေါ့ပေါ့တန်တန်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>ab0b33tgwk1ofa80gf0nzomf457scr2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ကချီးကနာ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3693937</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304883</id>
      <parentid>6990987</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:18:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>အောင်သန်းလှ</username>
        <id>2629904</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304883</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="642" sha1="2gbzs6i847od0csjfx3ab9peh3blkui" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ကချီးကနာ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kɕïknà/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
အသက်ရှု ပြင်းသော ခြောင်းဆိုးနာ တမျိုး။ ကုတ်ဟီးနာ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
cough

=== ဗမာ ===
အသက်ရှု ပြင်းသော ချောင်းဆိုးနာ တစ်မျိုး။ ကုတ်ဟီးနာ။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>2gbzs6i847od0csjfx3ab9peh3blkui</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ကချီးကနာလိုင်ယောင်ဖွယ်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3693951</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304884</id>
      <parentid>6990977</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:19:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>အောင်သန်းလှ</username>
        <id>2629904</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304884</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="647" sha1="d2x00o3yhg8eqg8sih2oedk8p3limjn" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ကချီးကနာလိုင်ယောင်ဖွယ်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kɕïknàlàɪɴjàʊɴpʰwɛ̀/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ရယ်မောဖွယ်စကား၊ ရယ်မောဖွယ် အကြောင်းအရာ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
joke

=== ဗမာ ===
ရယ်မောဖွယ်စကား၊ ရယ်မောဖွယ် အကြောင်းအရာ။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>d2x00o3yhg8eqg8sih2oedk8p3limjn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ကချီးကနာလိုက်ယောင်ရယ်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3693957</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304885</id>
      <parentid>6990983</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:21:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>အောင်သန်းလှ</username>
        <id>2629904</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304885</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="833" sha1="0b483cv8mk6jzyl267w5rexj9q7axvt" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ကချီးကနာလိုက်ယောင်ရယ်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kɕïknàlaɪʔjàʊɴɹɛ̀/}}

=== ကြိယာဝိသေသန ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
အူလှိုက် သည်းလှိုက်။ အားရ ပါးရ။ စိတ်ပါ လက်ပါ။ ဟက်ဟက် ပက်ပက် ရယ်ရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
loud of laugh

=== ဗမာ ===
အူလှိုက် သည်းလှိုက်။ အားရ ပါးရ။ စိတ်ပါ လက်ပါ။ ဟက်ဟက် ပက်ပက် ရယ်သည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>0b483cv8mk6jzyl267w5rexj9q7axvt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ကချီးနာ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3693961</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304886</id>
      <parentid>6990988</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:22:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>အောင်သန်းလှ</username>
        <id>2629904</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304886</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="638" sha1="9jd0stu5nmr1nwa6cdute37wzp5b0u1" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ကချီးနာ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/kɕïnà/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
အသက်ရှု ပြင်းသော ခြောင်းဆိုးနာ တမျိုး။ ကုတ်ဟီးနာ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
cough

=== ဗမာ ===
အသက်ရှု ပြင်းသော ချောင်းဆိုးနာ တစ်မျိုး။ ကုတ်ဟီးနာ။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>9jd0stu5nmr1nwa6cdute37wzp5b0u1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ကစိကစပ်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3694000</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304887</id>
      <parentid>6991088</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:23:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>အောင်သန်းလှ</username>
        <id>2629904</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304887</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="698" sha1="tbe1csnnmlrh19i22ll5gu5yws7n3v1" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ကစိကစပ်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/ksìksaʔ/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
အကွဲကွဲ အပြားပြား ဖြစ်တေ။ ရန်၊ စစ်ဖြစ်တေ။ ကြီညက် ပျက်စီးရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
war

=== ဗမာ ===
အကွဲကွဲ အပြားပြား ဖြစ်သည်။ ရန်၊ စစ်ဖြစ်သည်။ ကြေညက် ပျက်စီးသည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Module:Wt/bug/languages</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3701051</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305145</id>
      <parentid>7277196</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T01:31:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iripseudocorus</username>
        <id>2596039</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305145</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="12524" sha1="8qjg5n49s4trvg3rgh3alqrteiniajq" xml:space="preserve">-- Tebait dari Wt/bew. Nyeken tekerisaq [2025-07-22]
local p = {}

local langNames = {
	[&quot;mul&quot;] = &quot;Dobolok basa&quot;,
	
	-- Kode basa hurup dua (ISO 639-1)
	[&quot;aa&quot;] = &quot;Apar&quot;,
	[&quot;ab&quot;] = &quot;Abasian&quot;,
	[&quot;ae&quot;] = &quot;Apéstan&quot;,
	[&quot;af&quot;] = &quot;Aprikan&quot;,
	[&quot;ak&quot;] = &quot;Akan&quot;,
	[&quot;am&quot;] = &quot;Amharik&quot;,
	[&quot;an&quot;] = &quot;Aragon&quot;,
	[&quot;ar&quot;] = &quot;Arab&quot;,
	[&quot;as&quot;] = &quot;Asamis&quot;,
	[&quot;av&quot;] = &quot;Awarik&quot;,
	[&quot;ae&quot;] = &quot;Awéstan&quot;,
	[&quot;ay&quot;] = &quot;Aymara&quot;,
	[&quot;az&quot;] = &quot;Asérbaijan&quot;,
	[&quot;ba&quot;] = &quot;Baskir&quot;,
	[&quot;bm&quot;] = &quot;Bambara&quot;,
	[&quot;be&quot;] = &quot;Bélarusia&quot;,
	[&quot;bg&quot;] = &quot;Bulgari&quot;,
	[&quot;bh&quot;] = &quot;Bihari&quot;,
	[&quot;bi&quot;] = &quot;Bislama&quot;,
	[&quot;bm&quot;] = &quot;Bambara&quot;,
	[&quot;bn&quot;] = &quot;Benggala&quot;,
	[&quot;bo&quot;] = &quot;Tibet&quot;,
	[&quot;br&quot;] = &quot;Bréton&quot;,
--  [&quot;bs&quot;] = &quot;Bosni&quot;, gabung ke [sh]
	[&quot;ca&quot;] = &quot;Katalan&quot;,
	[&quot;ce&quot;] = &quot;Cécén&quot;,
	[&quot;ch&quot;] = &quot;Camoro&quot;,
	[&quot;co&quot;] = &quot;Korsikan&quot;,
--  [&quot;cr&quot;] = &quot;Kri&quot;, kudu dimasupin per logat
	[&quot;cs&quot;] = &quot;Cék&quot;,
	[&quot;cv&quot;] = &quot;Cuwas&quot;,
	[&quot;cy&quot;] = &quot;Wéles&quot;,
	[&quot;da&quot;] = &quot;Dénmak&quot;,
	[&quot;de&quot;] = &quot;Jérman&quot;,
	[&quot;dv&quot;] = &quot;Diwéhi&quot;,
	[&quot;dz&quot;] = &quot;Jongka&quot;,
	[&quot;ee&quot;] = &quot;Éwé&quot;,
	[&quot;el&quot;] = &quot;Yunani&quot;,
	[&quot;en&quot;] = &quot;Inggerisi'&quot;,
	[&quot;eo&quot;] = &quot;éspéranto&quot;,
	[&quot;es&quot;] = &quot;Spanyol&quot;,
	[&quot;et&quot;] = &quot;éstonia&quot;,
	[&quot;eu&quot;] = &quot;Basken&quot;,
	[&quot;fa&quot;] = &quot;Parsi&quot;,
	[&quot;ff&quot;] = &quot;Pula&quot;,
	[&quot;fi&quot;] = &quot;Pinlan&quot;,
	[&quot;fj&quot;] = &quot;Piji&quot;,
	[&quot;fo&quot;] = &quot;Péronés&quot;,
	[&quot;fr&quot;] = &quot;Prancis&quot;,
	[&quot;fy&quot;] = &quot;Prisan Bat&quot;,
	[&quot;ga&quot;] = &quot;Irlan&quot;,
	[&quot;gd&quot;] = &quot;Gaélik Skotlan&quot;,
	[&quot;gl&quot;] = &quot;Galisi&quot;,
	[&quot;gn&quot;] = &quot;Guarani&quot;,
	[&quot;gu&quot;] = &quot;Gujarati&quot;,
	[&quot;gv&quot;] = &quot;Mang&quot;,
	[&quot;ha&quot;] = &quot;Hausa&quot;,
	[&quot;he&quot;] = &quot;Ibrani&quot;,
	[&quot;hi&quot;] = &quot;Hindi&quot;,
	[&quot;ho&quot;] = &quot;Hiri Motu&quot;,
--  [&quot;hr&quot;] = &quot;Kroasi&quot;, gabung ama [sh]
	[&quot;ht&quot;] = &quot;Anakn Haiti&quot;,
	[&quot;hu&quot;] = &quot;Hungaria&quot;,
	[&quot;hy&quot;] = &quot;Arménia&quot;,
	[&quot;hz&quot;] = &quot;Héréro&quot;,
	[&quot;ia&quot;] = &quot;Interlingua&quot;,
	[&quot;id&quot;] = &quot;Indonésiya&quot;,
	[&quot;ie&quot;] = &quot;Interlingué&quot;,
	[&quot;ig&quot;] = &quot;Igbo&quot;,
	[&quot;ii&quot;] = &quot;Nuosu&quot;,
	[&quot;ik&quot;] = &quot;Inupiak&quot;,
	[&quot;io&quot;] = &quot;Ido&quot;,
	[&quot;is&quot;] = &quot;Islan&quot;,
	[&quot;it&quot;] = &quot;Itali&quot;,
	[&quot;iu&quot;] = &quot;Inuktitut&quot;,
	[&quot;ja&quot;] = &quot;Jepun&quot;,
	[&quot;jv&quot;] = &quot;Jawe&quot;,
	[&quot;ka&quot;] = &quot;Géorgia&quot;,
	[&quot;kg&quot;] = &quot;Kongo&quot;,
	[&quot;ki&quot;] = &quot;Kikuyu&quot;,
	[&quot;kj&quot;] = &quot;Kuanyama&quot;,
	[&quot;kk&quot;] = &quot;Kasaktan&quot;,
	[&quot;kl&quot;] = &quot;Grinlan&quot;,
	[&quot;km&quot;] = &quot;Kemboja&quot;,
	[&quot;kn&quot;] = &quot;Kanada&quot;,
	[&quot;ko&quot;] = &quot;Koréa&quot;,
	[&quot;kr&quot;] = &quot;Kanuri&quot;,
	[&quot;ks&quot;] = &quot;Kasmir&quot;,
	[&quot;ku&quot;] = &quot;Kurdi&quot;,
	[&quot;kw&quot;] = &quot;Kornis&quot;,
	[&quot;ky&quot;] = &quot;Kirgis&quot;,
	[&quot;la&quot;] = &quot;Latin&quot;,
	[&quot;lb&quot;] = &quot;Leksembereh&quot;,
	[&quot;lg&quot;] = &quot;Luganda&quot;,
	[&quot;li&quot;] = &quot;Limbereh&quot;,
	[&quot;ln&quot;] = &quot;Lingala&quot;,
	[&quot;lo&quot;] = &quot;Laos&quot;,
	[&quot;lt&quot;] = &quot;Litowen&quot;,
	[&quot;lu&quot;] = &quot;Luba-Katanga&quot;,
	[&quot;lv&quot;] = &quot;Létvia&quot;,
	[&quot;mg&quot;] = &quot;Madagaskar&quot;,
	[&quot;mh&quot;] = &quot;Malagasi&quot;,
	[&quot;mi&quot;] = &quot;Maori&quot;,
	[&quot;mk&quot;] = &quot;Makédoni&quot;,
	[&quot;ml&quot;] = &quot;Malayalam&quot;,
	[&quot;mn&quot;] = &quot;Mongol&quot;,
	[&quot;mr&quot;] = &quot;Marati&quot;,
	[&quot;ms&quot;] = &quot;Malayu&quot;,
	[&quot;mt&quot;] = &quot;Malta&quot;,
	[&quot;my&quot;] = &quot;Birma&quot;,
	[&quot;na&quot;] = &quot;Nauru&quot;,
	[&quot;nb&quot;] = &quot;Bokmal&quot;,
	[&quot;nd&quot;] = &quot;Ndébélé Daye&quot;,
	[&quot;ne&quot;] = &quot;Népal&quot;,
	[&quot;ng&quot;] = &quot;Ndonga&quot;,
	[&quot;nl&quot;] = &quot;Belande&quot;,
	[&quot;nn&quot;] = &quot;Norwégia Baru&quot;,
	[&quot;no&quot;] = &quot;Norwégia&quot;,
	[&quot;nr&quot;] = &quot;Ndébélé Lauq&quot;,
	[&quot;nv&quot;] = &quot;Nabaho&quot;,
	[&quot;ny&quot;] = &quot;Nyanja&quot;,
	[&quot;oc&quot;] = &quot;Oksitan&quot;,
	[&quot;oj&quot;] = &quot;Ojibwé&quot;,
	[&quot;om&quot;] = &quot;Oromo&quot;,
	[&quot;or&quot;] = &quot;Odia&quot;,
	[&quot;os&quot;] = &quot;Oséti&quot;,
	[&quot;pa&quot;] = &quot;Panjabi&quot;,
	[&quot;pi&quot;] = &quot;Pali&quot;,
	[&quot;pl&quot;] = &quot;Polandia&quot;,
	[&quot;ps&quot;] = &quot;Pastun&quot;,
	[&quot;pt&quot;] = &quot;Portugis&quot;,
	[&quot;qu&quot;] = &quot;Kécua&quot;,
	[&quot;rm&quot;] = &quot;Roma&quot;,
	[&quot;ro&quot;] = &quot;Rumania&quot;,
	[&quot;ru&quot;] = &quot;Rusia&quot;,
	[&quot;rw&quot;] = &quot;Kinyarwanda&quot;,
	[&quot;sa&quot;] = &quot;Sangsekerta&quot;,
	[&quot;sc&quot;] = &quot;Sardéni&quot;,
	[&quot;sd&quot;] = &quot;Sindi&quot;,
	[&quot;se&quot;] = &quot;Sami Daye&quot;,
	[&quot;sg&quot;] = &quot;Sango&quot;,
	[&quot;sh&quot;] = &quot;Sérwi-Kroasi&quot;,
	[&quot;si&quot;] = &quot;Singala&quot;,
	[&quot;sk&quot;] = &quot;Slowak&quot;,
	[&quot;sl&quot;] = &quot;Slowén&quot;,
	[&quot;sm&quot;] = &quot;Samoa&quot;,
	[&quot;sn&quot;] = &quot;Sona&quot;,
	[&quot;so&quot;] = &quot;Somali&quot;,
	[&quot;sq&quot;] = &quot;Albani&quot;,
	[&quot;ss&quot;] = &quot;Swasi&quot;,
	[&quot;st&quot;] = &quot;Soto&quot;,
	[&quot;su&quot;] = &quot;Sunda&quot;,
	[&quot;sv&quot;] = &quot;Swédia&quot;,
	[&quot;sw&quot;] = &quot;Swahili&quot;,
	[&quot;ta&quot;] = &quot;Tamil&quot;,
	[&quot;te&quot;] = &quot;Telugu&quot;,
	[&quot;tg&quot;] = &quot;Tajik&quot;,
	[&quot;th&quot;] = &quot;Siam&quot;,
	[&quot;ti&quot;] = &quot;Tigrinya&quot;,
	[&quot;tk&quot;] = &quot;Turkemén&quot;,
	[&quot;tl&quot;] = &quot;Tegalog&quot;,
	[&quot;tn&quot;] = &quot;Cuana&quot;,
	[&quot;to&quot;] = &quot;Tonga&quot;,
	[&quot;tr&quot;] = &quot;Turki&quot;,
	[&quot;ts&quot;] = &quot;Conga&quot;,
	[&quot;tt&quot;] = &quot;Tatar&quot;,
	[&quot;ty&quot;] = &quot;Taiti&quot;,
	[&quot;ug&quot;] = &quot;Uygur&quot;,
	[&quot;uk&quot;] = &quot;Ukrain&quot;,
	[&quot;ur&quot;] = &quot;Urdu&quot;,
	[&quot;uz&quot;] = &quot;Usbék&quot;,
	[&quot;ve&quot;] = &quot;Wénda&quot;,
	[&quot;vi&quot;] = &quot;Piétnam&quot;,
	[&quot;vo&quot;] = &quot;Wolapek&quot;,
	[&quot;wa&quot;] = &quot;Walon&quot;,
	[&quot;wo&quot;] = &quot;Wolop&quot;,
	[&quot;xh&quot;] = &quot;Ngkosa&quot;,
	[&quot;yi&quot;] = &quot;Yédi&quot;,
	[&quot;yo&quot;] = &quot;Yoruba&quot;,
	[&quot;za&quot;] = &quot;Cueng&quot;,
	[&quot;zh&quot;] = &quot;Cine&quot;,
	[&quot;zu&quot;] = &quot;Julu&quot;,

	-- Kode basa hurup tiga (ISO 639-3)
	[&quot;abl&quot;] = &quot;Lampung Nyo&quot;,
	[&quot;abq&quot;] = &quot;Abasa&quot;,
	[&quot;abs&quot;] = &quot;Ambon&quot;,
    [&quot;abz&quot;] = &quot;Abui&quot;,
	[&quot;ace&quot;] = &quot;Acéh&quot;,
	[&quot;ady&quot;] = &quot;Adigé&quot;,
	[&quot;aho&quot;] = &quot;Ahom&quot;,
	[&quot;ain&quot;] = &quot;Ainu&quot;,
	[&quot;aiw&quot;] = &quot;Aari&quot;,
	[&quot;akb&quot;] = &quot;Angkola&quot;,
	[&quot;akl&quot;] = &quot;Aklanon&quot;,
	[&quot;alp&quot;] = &quot;Aluné&quot;,
	[&quot;ami&quot;] = &quot;Amis&quot;,
	[&quot;aoz&quot;] = &quot;Méto&quot;,
	[&quot;arz&quot;] = &quot;Arab Mesir&quot;,
	[&quot;ast&quot;] = &quot;Asturi&quot;,
	[&quot;bac&quot;] = &quot;Baduy&quot;,
	[&quot;ban&quot;] = &quot;Bali&quot;,
	[&quot;bbc&quot;] = &quot;Toba&quot;,
    [&quot;bcl&quot;] = &quot;Bikol Tenga&quot;,
	[&quot;bdq&quot;] = &quot;Bahnar&quot;,
	[&quot;bdr&quot;] = &quot;Bajo Pesisir Kulon&quot;,
	[&quot;bew&quot;] = &quot;Betawi&quot;,
	[&quot;bgz&quot;] = &quot;Banggai&quot;,
	[&quot;bhp&quot;] = &quot;Mbojo&quot;,
	[&quot;bhw&quot;] = &quot;Biak&quot;,
	[&quot;bjn&quot;] = &quot;Banjar&quot;,
	[&quot;bkr&quot;] = &quot;Bekumpé&quot;,
	[&quot;blj&quot;] = &quot;Bulungan&quot;,
	[&quot;blz&quot;] = &quot;Belantak&quot;,
	[&quot;bnd&quot;] = &quot;Bandan&quot;,
	[&quot;bnn&quot;] = &quot;Bunun&quot;,
	[&quot;bpz&quot;] = &quot;Bilba&quot;,
	[&quot;bsb&quot;] = &quot;Bisaya Bruné&quot;,
	[&quot;bts&quot;] = &quot;Simelungun&quot;,
	[&quot;btx&quot;] = &quot;Karo&quot;,
	[&quot;bug&quot;] = &quot;Ugi&quot;,
	[&quot;bve&quot;] = &quot;Bero&quot;,
	[&quot;ceb&quot;] = &quot;Sébu&quot;,
	[&quot;cia&quot;] = &quot;Cia-Cia&quot;,
	[&quot;cje&quot;] = &quot;Ceru&quot;,
	[&quot;cjm&quot;] = &quot;Cam Wétan&quot;,
	[&quot;crh&quot;] = &quot;Tatar Krim&quot;,
	[&quot;dbn&quot;] = &quot;Duriankari&quot;,
	[&quot;dru&quot;] = &quot;Rukay&quot;,
	[&quot;dun&quot;] = &quot;Dayak Déah&quot;,
	[&quot;duo&quot;] = &quot;Agta Dupaningan&quot;,
	[&quot;ert&quot;] = &quot;Eritay&quot;,
	[&quot;fon&quot;] = &quot;Pon&quot;,
	[&quot;fos&quot;] = &quot;Siraya&quot;,
	[&quot;frm&quot;] = &quot;Prancis Tengaq&quot;,
	[&quot;gag&quot;] = &quot;Gagaos&quot;,
	[&quot;gal&quot;] = &quot;Galoli&quot;,
	[&quot;gay&quot;] = &quot;Gayo&quot;,
	[&quot;gbi&quot;] = &quot;Galéla&quot;,
	[&quot;gor&quot;] = &quot;Gorontalo&quot;,
	[&quot;hak&quot;] = &quot;Khé'&quot;,
	[&quot;haw&quot;] = &quot;Hawai&quot;,
	[&quot;iba&quot;] = &quot;Iban&quot;,
	[&quot;ill&quot;] = &quot;Iranun&quot;,
	[&quot;ilo&quot;] = &quot;Iloko&quot;,
	[&quot;itd&quot;] = &quot;Tidung Lauq&quot;,
	[&quot;izh&quot;] = &quot;Ingri&quot;,
	[&quot;jax&quot;] = &quot;Jambi&quot;,
	[&quot;jmd&quot;] = &quot;Yamdéna&quot;,
	[&quot;kem&quot;] = &quot;Kemak&quot;,
	[&quot;kge&quot;] = &quot;Kumering&quot;,
	[&quot;kjc&quot;] = &quot;Konjo&quot;,
	[&quot;kkv&quot;] = &quot;Kangéan&quot;,
	[&quot;kmk&quot;] = &quot;Kalinga Limos&quot;,
	[&quot;kmr&quot;] = &quot;Kurdi Daye&quot;,
	[&quot;knb&quot;] = &quot;Kalinga Lubuagan&quot;,
	[&quot;knx&quot;] = &quot;Kendayan&quot;,
	[&quot;kxd&quot;] = &quot;Malayu Bruné&quot;,
	[&quot;kzp&quot;] = &quot;Kaidipang-Bolangitang&quot;,
	[&quot;ljl&quot;] = &quot;Lio&quot;,
	[&quot;ljp&quot;] = &quot;Lampung Api&quot;,
	[&quot;lkj&quot;] = &quot;Remun&quot;,
	[&quot;lmo&quot;] = &quot;Lombardi&quot;,
	[&quot;lti&quot;] = &quot;Léti&quot;,
	[&quot;mad&quot;] = &quot;Madura&quot;,
	[&quot;mak&quot;] = &quot;Mangkasa'&quot;,
	[&quot;max&quot;] = &quot;Malayu Maluku Daye&quot;,
	[&quot;mba&quot;] = &quot;Higonon&quot;,
	[&quot;mbb&quot;] = &quot;Manobo Bukidnon Kulon&quot;,
	[&quot;mbf&quot;] = &quot;Malayu Baba&quot;,
	[&quot;mbt&quot;] = &quot;Manobo Matigsalug&quot;,
	[&quot;mdh&quot;] = &quot;Magindano&quot;,
	[&quot;mdr&quot;] = &quot;Mandar&quot;,
	[&quot;min&quot;] = &quot;Minangkabo&quot;,
	[&quot;mkn&quot;] = &quot;Malayu Kupang&quot;,
	[&quot;mqg&quot;] = &quot;Kuté Kota Bangun&quot;,
	[&quot;mqy&quot;] = &quot;Manggarai&quot;,
	[&quot;mui&quot;] = &quot;Musi&quot;,
	[&quot;mvp&quot;] = &quot;Duri&quot;,
	[&quot;mvv&quot;] = &quot;Murut Tagal&quot;,
	[&quot;nia&quot;] = &quot;Nias&quot;,
	[&quot;nij&quot;] = &quot;Ngaju&quot;,
	[&quot;pag&quot;] = &quot;Pengasinan&quot;,
	[&quot;pam&quot;] = &quot;Papanggo&quot;,
	[&quot;pap&quot;] = &quot;Papiaméntu&quot;,
	[&quot;pey&quot;] = &quot;Peco&quot;,
	[&quot;plh&quot;] = &quot;Paulohi&quot;,
	[&quot;plm&quot;] = &quot;Pelémbang&quot;, --aselinya udah apkir, cuming masing kita paké
	[&quot;pmf&quot;] = &quot;Pamona&quot;,
	[&quot;pms&quot;] = &quot;Pimontés&quot;,
	[&quot;pmy&quot;] = &quot;Malayu Papua&quot;,
	[&quot;ppu&quot;] = &quot;Papora&quot;,
	[&quot;pse&quot;] = &quot;Malayu Tenga&quot;,
	[&quot;ptu&quot;] = &quot;Bambam&quot;,
	[&quot;pwn&quot;] = &quot;Paiwan&quot;,
	[&quot;rej&quot;] = &quot;Rejang&quot;,
	[&quot;rob&quot;] = &quot;Taé'&quot;,
	[&quot;sas&quot;] = &quot;Sasaq&quot;,
	[&quot;scn&quot;] = &quot;Sisili&quot;,
	[&quot;sda&quot;] = &quot;Toraja&quot;,
	[&quot;slr&quot;] = &quot;Salar&quot;,
	[&quot;smr&quot;] = &quot;Simelur&quot;,
	[&quot;smw&quot;] = &quot;Sumbawa&quot;,
	[&quot;sxn&quot;] = &quot;Sangir&quot;,
	[&quot;szy&quot;] = &quot;Sakijaya&quot;,
	[&quot;tao&quot;] = &quot;Yami&quot;,
	[&quot;tay&quot;] = &quot;Atayal&quot;,
	[&quot;tby&quot;] = &quot;Tabaru&quot;,
	[&quot;tes&quot;] = &quot;Tengger&quot;,
	[&quot;tet&quot;] = &quot;Tétun&quot;,
	[&quot;tnt&quot;] = &quot;Tontemboan&quot;,
	[&quot;tok&quot;] = &quot;Toki Pona&quot;,
	[&quot;tpi&quot;] = &quot;Tok Pisin&quot;,
	[&quot;trv&quot;] = &quot;Taroko&quot;,
	[&quot;tsg&quot;] = &quot;Suluk&quot;,
	[&quot;tvl&quot;] = &quot;Tuwalu&quot;,
	[&quot;tvx&quot;] = &quot;Tayboan&quot;,
    [&quot;txn&quot;] = &quot;Tarangan Kulon&quot;,
	[&quot;vkt&quot;] = &quot;Kuté Tenggarong&quot;,
	[&quot;vot&quot;] = &quot;Wot&quot;,
    [&quot;wlo&quot;] = &quot;Wolio&quot;,
    [&quot;wod&quot;] = &quot;Wolani&quot;,
	[&quot;xmm&quot;] = &quot;Menado&quot;,
	[&quot;xxt&quot;] = &quot;Tambora&quot;,
	[&quot;yka&quot;] = &quot;Yakan&quot;,
	[&quot;yue&quot;] = &quot;Kanton&quot;,
	
	-- Kode basa bikinan en.wt
--	[&quot;ms-cla&quot;] = &quot;Malayu Tinggi&quot;,
--	[&quot;nan-hbl&quot;] = &quot;Hokkién&quot;,
	
	-- Kode basa lama
	[&quot;cu&quot;] = &quot;Slawik Geréja Laéq&quot;,
	[&quot;kaw&quot;] = &quot;Jawa Laéq&quot;,
	[&quot;osn&quot;] = &quot;Sunda Laéq&quot;,
	[&quot;ota&quot;] = &quot;Turki Usmani&quot;,
	
	-- Kode base pongkol (protolanguage)
	[&quot;ine-pro&quot;] = &quot;Keluarga Hindi-éropa&quot;,
	[&quot;map-pro&quot;] = &quot;Keluarga Ostronésia&quot;,
	[&quot;poz-pro&quot;] = &quot;Keluarga Malayu-Polinésia&quot;,
	[&quot;poz-mly-pro&quot;] = &quot;Keluarga KeMalayuan&quot;,
	
	-- Rumpun base
	[&quot;ine&quot;] = &quot;Hindi-éropa&quot;,	
	[&quot;map&quot;] = &quot;Ostronésia&quot;,
	[&quot;poz&quot;] = &quot;Malayu-Polinésia&quot;,
	[&quot;poz-mly&quot;] = &quot;KeMalayuan&quot;
}

local protoLangs = {
	[&quot;ine-pro&quot;] = true,
	[&quot;map-pro&quot;] = true,
	[&quot;poz-pro&quot;] = true,
	[&quot;poz-mly-pro&quot;] = true
}

local langFamilies = {
	[&quot;ine&quot;] = true,
	[&quot;map&quot;] = true,
	[&quot;ms-eit&quot;] = true,
	[&quot;poz&quot;] = true,
	[&quot;poz-mly&quot;] = true
}

-- Interwiki table
local interwikis = {
	aa = true, ab = true, af = true, ak = true, am = true, an = true, ang = true,
	ar = true, as = true, ast = true, av = true, ay = true, az = true, bcl = true,
	be = true, bew = true, bg = true, bh = true, bi = true, bjn = true, blk = true,
	bm = true, bn = true, bo = true, br = true, bs = true, btm = true, ca = true,
	ch = true, chr = true, ckb = true, co = true, cr = true, cs = true, csb = true,
	cy = true, da = true, de = true, diq = true, dv = true, dz = true, el = true,
	en = true, eo = true, es = true, et = true, eu = true, fa = true, fi = true,
	fj = true, fo = true, fr = true, fy = true, ga = true, gd = true, gl = true,
	gn = true, gom = true, gor = true, gu = true, guw = true, gv = true, ha = true,
	he = true, hi = true, hif = true, hr = true, hsb = true, hu = true, hy = true,
	ia = true, ie = true, ig = true, ik = true, [&quot;io&quot;] = true, [&quot;is&quot;] = true, it = true,
	iu = true, ja = true, jbo = true, jv = true, ka = true, kaa = true, kbd = true,
	kcg = true, kk = true, kl = true, km = true, kn = true, ko = true, ks = true,
	ku = true, kw = true, ky = true, la = true, lb = true, li = true, lmo = true,
	ln = true, lo = true, lt = true, lv = true, mad = true, mg = true, mh = true,
	mi = true, [&quot;min&quot;] = true, mk = true, ml = true, mn = true, mni = true, mnw = true,
	mr = true, ms = true, mt = true, my = true, na = true, nah = true, nds = true,
	ne = true, nia = true, nl = true, nn = true, no = true, oc = true, om = true,
	[&quot;or&quot;] = true, pa = true, pi = true, pl = true, pnb = true, ps = true, pt = true,
	qu = true, rm = true, rn = true, ro = true, ru = true, rw = true, sa = true,
	sat = true, sc = true, scn = true, sd = true, sg = true, sh = true, shn = true,
	shy = true, si = true, sk = true, skr = true, sl = true, sm = true, sn = true,
	so = true, sq = true, sr = true, ss = true, st = true, su = true, sv = true,
	sw = true, ta = true, tcy = true, te = true, tg = true, th = true, ti = true,
	tk = true, tl = true, tn = true, to = true, tpi = true, tr = true, ts = true,
	tt = true, tw = true, ug = true, uk = true, ur = true, uz = true, vec = true,
	vi = true, vo = true, wa = true, wo = true, xh = true, yi = true, yo = true,
	za = true, zh = true, zu = true, [&quot;id&quot;] = true,

	-- Mapped codes
	mly = &quot;ms&quot;, msa = &quot;ms&quot;, msi = &quot;ms&quot;, zlm = &quot;ms&quot;, zsm = &quot;ms&quot;
}

-- Return interwiki link
function p.getInterwikiLink(lang, title)
	local targetLang = interwikis[lang]
	if targetLang == nil then
		return lang
	elseif targetLang == true then
		return string.format(&quot;[[:%s:%s|%s]]&quot;, lang, title, lang)
	else
		return string.format(&quot;[[:%s:%s|%s]]&quot;, targetLang, title, lang)
	end
end

-- Get full language name (returns nil if invalid)
function p.getLangName(frame)
    local args = frame.args
    local code = mw.text.trim(args[1] or &quot;&quot;)
    local nocap = args.nocap or &quot;&quot;

    local name = langNames[code]
    if not name then return nil end

    local prefix = &quot;&quot;
	if langFamilies[code] then
        prefix = &quot;Rumpun basa &quot;
    elseif code ~= &quot;mul&quot; then
        prefix = &quot;Basa &quot;
    end

    local fullName = prefix .. name

    if nocap == &quot;1&quot; and mw.ustring.len(fullName) &gt; 0 then
        local first = mw.ustring.sub(fullName, 1, 1)
        local rest = mw.ustring.sub(fullName, 2)
        fullName = mw.ustring.lower(first) .. rest
    end

    return fullName
end

function p.getLangNameByCode(code, nocap)
    code = mw.text.trim(code or &quot;&quot;)
    nocap = nocap or &quot;&quot;

    local name = langNames[code]
    if not name then return nil end

    local prefix = &quot;&quot;

	if langFamilies[code] then
        prefix = &quot;Rumpun basa &quot;
    elseif code ~= &quot;mul&quot; then
        prefix = &quot;Basa &quot;
    end

    local fullName = prefix .. name

    if nocap == &quot;1&quot; and mw.ustring.len(fullName) &gt; 0 then
        local first = mw.ustring.sub(fullName, 1, 1)
        local rest = mw.ustring.sub(fullName, 2)
        fullName = mw.ustring.lower(first) .. rest
    end

    return fullName
end

-- Get language code (returns nil if invalid)
function p.getLangCode(frame)
    local code = mw.text.trim((frame.args and frame.args[1]) or &quot;&quot;)
    if langNames[code] then
        return code
    else
        return nil
    end
end

function p.getLangCodeByCode(code)
    code = mw.text.trim(code or &quot;&quot;)
    if langNames[code] then
        return code
    end
    return nil
end

-- Expose tables
p.langFamilies = langFamilies
p.protoLangs = protoLangs
p.langNames = langNames
p.interwikis = interwikis

return p</text>
      <sha1>8qjg5n49s4trvg3rgh3alqrteiniajq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓဝချိုင့်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708121</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304808</id>
      <parentid>7031437</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:36:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304808</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="492" sha1="n2kcp3qd1bx7e5f727m5eno0oqjmpln" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓဝချိုင့်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱwɕàɪɴ့/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဓ အက္ခရာဧ့ နာမည်။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
pronunciation of th of Arakanese consonant

=== ဗမာ ===
ဓ အက္ခရာ၏ အမည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>n2kcp3qd1bx7e5f727m5eno0oqjmpln</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါးခက်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708124</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304810</id>
      <parentid>7031441</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:37:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304810</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="687" sha1="a1n32vsw01g04o8lr5dra7t93no6cyz" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါးခက်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱà:kʰɛʔ/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဒါးကို သားရီပြား၊ ကျောက် အစဟိစွာမာ ဘယ်ညာ ပြန်ခတ်လို့သွီးရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
none

=== ဗမာ ===
ဒါးကို သားရေပြား၊ ကျောက် စသည်တွင် ဘယ်ညာ ပြန်ခတ်၍ သွေးသည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>a1n32vsw01g04o8lr5dra7t93no6cyz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါးပြန်အုန်း</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708126</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304811</id>
      <parentid>7031443</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:38:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304811</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="644" sha1="b3le3gslvcojf9kgkoeamd0mob3qts9" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါးပြန်အုန်း

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱà:pɹàɴʔóʊɴ/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
တမသုန် တည်းမာ ဒုတိယ အကြိမ် ခုတ်သော အုန်း။(အုန်း)

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
none

=== ဗမာ ===
တစ်ရာသီ တည်းတွင် ဒုတိယ အကြိမ် ခုတ်သော အုန်း။(ဓနိ)

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>b3le3gslvcojf9kgkoeamd0mob3qts9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါးသ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708129</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304812</id>
      <parentid>7031446</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:39:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304812</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="650" sha1="56fo8kzuciyor9nvzxjef5r8za33lso" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါးသ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱà:θ/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ပဲ့ယွဲ့ နိန်ရေ ဓါးကို ပန်းဖဲဖိုမာ ပြန်ပနာ ပြုပျင်ရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
modify

=== ဗမာ ===
ပဲ့ယွဲ့ နေသော ဓါးကို ပန်းပဲဖိုတွင် ပြန်လည် ပြုပြင်သည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>56fo8kzuciyor9nvzxjef5r8za33lso</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓိဌါန်ချက်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708130</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304814</id>
      <parentid>7031448</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:40:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304814</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="562" sha1="qn34wrywv6px7f2x2bsso9lv7wz7qkx" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓိဌါန်ချက်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱìtʰààɴkʰrɛʔ/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
စိတ်ကို စစွဲမမြဲ ဆောက်တည်ချက်။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
cleave

=== ဗမာ ===
စိတ်ကို စွဲစွဲမြဲမြဲ ဆောက်တည်ချက်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>qn34wrywv6px7f2x2bsso9lv7wz7qkx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓူရ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708131</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304815</id>
      <parentid>7031449</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:41:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304815</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="933" sha1="t7rr6fho1j0wy9sv3tm6x668f7oudr6" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓူရ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱùɹ/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ရဟန်းရို့ ထမ်းဆောင် ရဖို့ တာဝန်။ ၁၊ ဂန္ဓူရ - စာသင်ခြင်း။ ၂၊ ဝိပဿနာဓူရ - တရားထိုင်ခြင်း ဆိုပနာ နှစ်ပါး ဟိရေ။ (ပါ)

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
duty

=== ဗမာ ===
ရဟန်းတို့ ထမ်းဆောင် ရမည့် တာဝန်။ ၁၊ ဂန္ဓူရ - စာသင်ခြင်း။ ၂၊ ဝိပဿနာဓူရ - တရားထိုင်ခြင်း ဟူ၍ နှစ်ပါး ရှိသည်။ (ပါ)

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>t7rr6fho1j0wy9sv3tm6x668f7oudr6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓူးဓရီးဓူးဓရား</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708135</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304817</id>
      <parentid>7031454</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:43:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304817</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="826" sha1="iqg6c4zylvsu7yg599yjpz7m4d4x4pv" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓူးဓရီးဓူးဓရား

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱù:dʱɹïdʱù:dʱɹá/}}

=== ကြိယာဝိသေသန ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာဝိသေသန}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
တောင်မှန်း မြောက်မှန်း မသိပဲ။ တွေးခေါ် ဆင်ခြင် မဟိဘဲ။ မစိုင်း မစားပဲ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
rash

=== ဗမာ ===
တောင်မှန်း မြောက်မှန်း မသိပဲ။ တွေးတော ဆင်ခြင် ကင်းမဲ့စွာ။ မစဉ်း မစားပဲ။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>iqg6c4zylvsu7yg599yjpz7m4d4x4pv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်ကျ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708139</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304819</id>
      <parentid>7031458</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:45:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304819</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="806" sha1="axcgk7ryy4pougeqd2vl9xc28p94sm7" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်ကျ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔt͡ɕ/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဘုရား ပစ္စေ ကဗုဒ္ဓေါ၊ ရဟန္စွာရို့ဧ့ အလောင်းကိုယ်မှ ရိုးဓါတ်တိ ကြွင်းကျန် ရစ်ရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
remain

=== ဗမာ ===
ဘုရား ပစ္စေ ကဗုဒ္ဓေါ၊ ရဟန္တာတို့၏ အလောင်းကိုယ်မှ ရိုးဓါတ်များ ကြွင်းကျန် ရစ်သည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>axcgk7ryy4pougeqd2vl9xc28p94sm7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်ချူ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708148</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304822</id>
      <parentid>7031468</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:46:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304822</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="677" sha1="nisr5nnzv09htpu0b095fzbbvdt3pox" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်ချူ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔɕù/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
စအိုမှ သပုံရည် အစဟိစွာ ထည့်သွင်းလို့ ဝမ်းသက်အောင် ပြုရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
apply enema

=== ဗမာ ===
စအိုမှ ဆပ်ပြာရည် စသည် ထည့်သွင်း၍ ဝမ်းသက်အောင် ပြုသည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>nisr5nnzv09htpu0b095fzbbvdt3pox</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်ချုပ်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708151</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304824</id>
      <parentid>7031471</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:46:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304824</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="482" sha1="dw7ptfvibqw9h8eyi148badg4dlgjp9" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်ချုပ်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔɕoʊʔ/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဝမ်းမလားပဲ နိန်ရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
constipate

=== ဗမာ ===
ဝမ်းမသွားပဲ နေသည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>dw7ptfvibqw9h8eyi148badg4dlgjp9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်ငုပ်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708153</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304827</id>
      <parentid>7031473</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:47:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304827</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="684" sha1="3bw4govt4xp6p7q2zuqpt4b65quhxme" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်ငုပ်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔŋoʊʔ/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဓါတ်ကြီး လေးပါးမာ တပါး ပါးသော ဓါတ်ပေါ် ထွက်မလာ ဖြစ်တေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
none

=== ဗမာ ===
ဓါတ်ကြီး လေးပါးတွင် တစ်ပါး ပါးသော ဓါတ်ပေါ် ထွက်မလာ ဖြစ်သည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>3bw4govt4xp6p7q2zuqpt4b65quhxme</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်စာ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708156</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304828</id>
      <parentid>7031477</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:49:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304828</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="555" sha1="ha6mea2g9f6iimv6hrdu5tzlqk0bgb1" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်စာ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔsà/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ကျမ္မာရီးနန့် သင့်မြတ်ရေ အစားအစာ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
meal

=== ဗမာ ===
ကျန်းမာရေးနှင့် သင့်မြတ်မည့် အစားအစာ။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>ha6mea2g9f6iimv6hrdu5tzlqk0bgb1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်ဆီ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708158</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304830</id>
      <parentid>7031479</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:50:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304830</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="629" sha1="n1nh8cjkofcs2wtrh2n9tlnr74uitm0" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်ဆီ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔsʰí/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ရီနံစိမ်းမှ ထုတ်ယူပနာ စက်ကို မောင်းသော ဆီတမျိုး။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
petrol

=== ဗမာ ===
ရေနံစိမ်းမှ ထုတ်ယူ၍ စက်ကို မောင်းသော ဆီတစ်မျိုး။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>n1nh8cjkofcs2wtrh2n9tlnr74uitm0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်တော်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708160</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304835</id>
      <parentid>7031481</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:51:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304835</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="827" sha1="p1iw5poc5vl8odds4nlzvpy8k2zs5w3" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်တော်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔtɔ̀/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဘုရား၊ ပစ္စေကဗုဒ္ဓါ၊ ရဟန္စွာရို့ဧ့ ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာမှ ကြွင်းကျန် ရစ်သော အရိုးအစဟိစွာ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
relics of the buddha or of an arhat

=== ဗမာ ===
ဘုရား၊ ပစ္စေကဗုဒ္ဓါ၊ ရဟန္တာတို့၏ ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာမှ ကြွင်းကျန် ရစ်သော အရိုးစသည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>p1iw5poc5vl8odds4nlzvpy8k2zs5w3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်တောက်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708163</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304839</id>
      <parentid>7031484</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:54:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304839</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1482" sha1="ji6npkuyh8ich4fjgwit511kj4av6ov" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်တောက်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔtɔ́ɛʔ/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဘုရား၊ ပစ္စေကဗုဒ္ဓါ၊ ရဟန္စွာရို့ဧ့ ဓါတ်တော်ရို့ ဓါတ်တောက်ရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
none

=== ဗမာ ===
ဘုရား၊ ပစ္စေကဗုဒ္ဓါ၊ ရဟန္တာတို့၏ ဓါတ်တော်များ ကွန့်မြူးသည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]
== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်တောက်၂

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔtɔ́ɛʔ၂/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဓါတ်ခဲ စွမ်းအင်နန့် မီးလုံးငယ်ကို လင်းစီရေ လက်နှိပ် ခလုတ်ပါ ဟိရေ ကိရိယာ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
torch

=== ဗမာ ===
ဓါတ်ခဲ စွမ်းအင်ဖြင့် မီးလုံးငယ်ကို လင်းစေသည့် လက်နှိပ် ခလုတ်ပါ ရှိသော ကိရိယာ။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>ji6npkuyh8ich4fjgwit511kj4av6ov</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304842</id>
      <parentid>7304839</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:57:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304842</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1513" sha1="tlza3s01ykc45f75x1im01if6huvwuz" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်တောက်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔtɔ́ɛʔ/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဘုရား၊ ပစ္စေကဗုဒ္ဓါ၊ ရဟန္စွာရို့ဧ့ ဓါတ်တော်များ ဓါတ်တောက်သည်။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
none

=== ဗမာ ===
ဘုရား၊ ပစ္စေကဗုဒ္ဓါ၊ ရဟန္တာတို့၏ ဓါတ်တော်များ ကွန့်မြူးသည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]
== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်တောက်၂

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔtɔ́ɛʔ၂/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဓါတ်ခဲ စွမ်းအင်နန့် မီးလုံးငယ်ကို လင်းစီရေ လက်နှိပ် ခလုတ်ပါ ဟိရေ ကိရိယာ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
torch

=== ဗမာ ===
ဓါတ်ခဲ စွမ်းအင်ဖြင့် မီးလုံးငယ်ကို လင်းစေသည့် လက်နှိပ် ခလုတ်ပါ ရှိသော ကိရိယာ။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>tlza3s01ykc45f75x1im01if6huvwuz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်ပြာ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708169</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304843</id>
      <parentid>7031491</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:58:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304843</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="677" sha1="hdure72xubyfdjpv7y4b1bmhodxq4tc" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်ပြာ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔpɹà/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဓါတ် သတ္တု အမျိုးမျိုးကို ဆီးဝါး အဖြစ် ပြုလုပ် ထားရေ ပြာ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
potash

=== ဗမာ ===
ဓါတ် သတ္တု အမျိုးမျိုးကို ဆေးဝါး အဖြစ် ပြုလုပ် ထားသော ပြာ။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>hdure72xubyfdjpv7y4b1bmhodxq4tc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်ဗူး</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708171</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304844</id>
      <parentid>7031493</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:59:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304844</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="704" sha1="nfrtpzlzrl6r9rhomwpgbwg41j5dn9s" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်ဗူး

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔbù:/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
အပူကို ထိန်းချုပ် နှိုင်ယောင် ဖန်သားဖြင့် ပြုလုပ် ထားရေ ဗူး။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
vacuum flask

=== ဗမာ ===
အပူကို ထိန်းချုပ် နိုင်အောင် ဖန်သားဖြင့် ပြုလုပ် ထားသည့် ဗူး။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>nfrtpzlzrl6r9rhomwpgbwg41j5dn9s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်မမြဲ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708173</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304845</id>
      <parentid>7031495</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:00:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304845</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="515" sha1="ta9wh8fieo3a5kfl2bj6q5l91n0ysf5" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်မမြဲ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔmmɹɛ/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဝမ်းပျက်ပနာ ဓါတ် လားရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
suffer from diarrhoea

=== ဗမာ ===
ဝမ်းပျက်၍ ဓါတ် သွားသည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>ta9wh8fieo3a5kfl2bj6q5l91n0ysf5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်မီးကိုက်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708175</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304847</id>
      <parentid>7031497</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:01:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304847</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="642" sha1="5jdwjjtwyris60e5tb4hc47v54iwr10" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်မီးကိုက်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔmïkaɪʔ/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
လျှပ်စစ် ဓါတ်အားဖြင့် မီးကိုက် တိုက်ရရေ ကိရိယာ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
Flat-iron

=== ဗမာ ===
လျှပ်စစ် ဓါတ်အားဖြင့် မီးပူ တိုက်ရသော ကိရိယာ။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>5jdwjjtwyris60e5tb4hc47v54iwr10</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်မီးခြုတ်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708177</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304849</id>
      <parentid>7031499</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:02:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304849</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="469" sha1="t35m51r9up5gz3rauaenpsqqlw3u8pc" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်မီးခြုတ်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔmïkʰɹoʊʔ/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဓါတ်မီးဂြုတ်။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
Cigarette-lighter

=== ဗမာ ===
ဓါတ်မီးခြစ်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>t35m51r9up5gz3rauaenpsqqlw3u8pc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်မှန်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708179</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304850</id>
      <parentid>7031501</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:03:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304850</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="591" sha1="lt39idfajqcb0w1tqeh56knrd2fk5le" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်မှန်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔm̥àɴ/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
အလီး (ချီး) အပေါ့ (ကျင်ငယ်) မှန်မှန် လားရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
none

=== ဗမာ ===
အလေး (မစင်) အပေါ့ (ကျင်ငယ်) မှန်မှန် သွားသည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>lt39idfajqcb0w1tqeh56knrd2fk5le</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်လား</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708181</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304852</id>
      <parentid>7031503</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:04:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304852</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="433" sha1="svnjak6kf67fp96olgg2l0kznxadarn" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်လား

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔlá/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဝမ်းလားရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
dysentery

=== ဗမာ ===
ဝမ်းသွားသည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>svnjak6kf67fp96olgg2l0kznxadarn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်လိုက်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708183</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304853</id>
      <parentid>7031505</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:05:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304853</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="922" sha1="f8xfjxkytfqlgdrxmu1bgxrt4mtd6dp" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်လိုက်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔlaɪʔ/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
၁၊ သိမ်းသွင်းရေ။ ကိုယ့် အလိုသို့ ပါအောင် လုပ်ရေ။ ၂၊ အပေါင်းအဖော်၊ ဝါသနာအလိုက် အကောင်းအဆိုး ဖြစ်တေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
attractive

=== ဗမာ ===
၁၊ ဆွဲဆောင်သည်။ မိမိ အလိုသို့ ပါအောင် လုပ်သည်။ ၂၊ အပေါင်းအဖော်၊ ဝါသနာအလိုက် အကောင်းအဆိုး ဖြစ်သည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>f8xfjxkytfqlgdrxmu1bgxrt4mtd6dp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်သိ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708185</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304854</id>
      <parentid>7031507</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:06:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304854</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1093" sha1="14rojehct0x6psaw7wh0lov0f045oj0" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်သိ

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔθì/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
စိတ်ဓါတ်ဧ့ မူလ သဖောထားကို သိရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
know inside

=== ဗမာ ===
စိတ်ဓါတ်၏ မူလ သဘောထားကို သိသည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]
== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်သိ၂

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔθì၂/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
စိတ်ဓါတ်ဧ့ မူလ သဖောထားကို သိရေ သူ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
insider

=== ဗမာ ===
စိတ်ဓါတ်၏ မူလ သဘောထားကို သိသော သူ။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>14rojehct0x6psaw7wh0lov0f045oj0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်အနုမန္တာန်အတတ်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708188</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304857</id>
      <parentid>7031510</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:08:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304857</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1869" sha1="2g0fecob0d6gtan7z89ml4repep6f1d" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်အနုမန္တာန်အတတ်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔʔnoʊmn̪a̰n̪t̪a̰ààɴʔtaʔ/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
၁၊ သက်မဲ့ရို့ကို ခိုင်းစီလို့ ရနိုင်ခြင်း။ ၂၊ စုန်း၊ နတ် ဘီလူးရို့ကို အစောင့် အရှောက် ထားနိုင်ခြင်း။ ၃၊ ကိုယ့် တိုင်းပြည် နိုင်ငံကို လူများ ဝင်ရောက် မကျူးကျော် နှိုင်ယောင် ကာကွယ် တားမြစ် နိုင်ခြင်း။ ၄၊ ကိုယ့် တိုင်းပြည် နိုင်ငံ တိုးတက် ကြီးပွါး စီနှိုင်ခြင်း။ ၅၊

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
pali berse  mamdra

=== ဗမာ ===
၁၊ သက်မဲ့တို့ကို ခိုင်းစေ၍ ရနိုင်ခြင်း။ ၂၊ စုန်း၊ နတ် ဘီလူးတို့ကို အစောင့် အရှောက် ထားနိုင်ခြင်း။ ၃၊ မိမိ တိုင်းပြည် နိုင်ငံကို သူတစ်ပါး ဝင်ရောက် မကျူးကျော် နိုင်အောင် ကာကွယ် တားမြစ် နိုင်ခြင်း။ ၄၊ မိမိ တိုင်းပြည် နိုင်ငံ တိုးတက် ကြီးပွါး စေနိုင်ခြင်း။ ၅၊

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>2g0fecob0d6gtan7z89ml4repep6f1d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဓါတ်အိုးနှိုက်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708190</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304859</id>
      <parentid>7031512</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:09:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304859</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1536" sha1="5n6dwh14rbzq6kdfteuu7i1pd8d1ey4" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်အိုးနှိုက်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔʔón̥aɪʔ/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
သတ္တု တခုခု ထက်မာ (ရွှီရည်၊ ဖေသာရည်) အရာ သတ္တု တခုခုဧ့ စွဲထင်နီအောင် ဓါတ်အားဖြင့် ပြုလုပ်ရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
none

=== ဗမာ ===
သတ္တု တစ်ခုခု ပေါ်တွင် (ရွှေရည်၊ ငွေရည်) အခြား သတ္တု တစ်ခုခု၏ စွဲထင်နေအောင် ဓါတ်အားဖြင့် ပြုလုပ်သည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]
== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဓါတ်အိုးနှိုက်၂

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dʱàaʔʔón̥aɪʔ၂/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ယင်းပိုင် ပြုလုပ်ထားရေ လက်ဝတ် လက်စား။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
ornament

=== ဗမာ ===
ယင်းကဲ့သို့ ပြုလုပ်ထားသော လက်ဝတ် လက်စား။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>5n6dwh14rbzq6kdfteuu7i1pd8d1ey4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဒဇွယ်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708231</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304862</id>
      <parentid>7031707</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:12:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304862</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="473" sha1="rr3kppyikg3exwvn2bwok93ij27aw85" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဒဇွယ်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dzwɛ̀/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဒ-အက္ခရာ၏ နာမည်။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
pronunciation  of  th of  Arakanese  consonant

=== ဗမာ ===
ဒ-အက္ခရာ၏ အမည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>rr3kppyikg3exwvn2bwok93ij27aw85</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဒဒွေး</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708232</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304864</id>
      <parentid>7031710</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:13:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304864</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="474" sha1="n43vy9r08o12rnmuwgiivddzl5izl3i" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဒဒွေး

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/ddwé/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
ဒ-အက္ခရာဧ့ နာမည်။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
pronunciation  of  th of  Arakanese  consonant

=== ဗမာ ===
ဒ-အက္ခရာ၏ အမည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
      <sha1>n43vy9r08o12rnmuwgiivddzl5izl3i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/ဒပြုတ်သီး</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3708233</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304866</id>
      <parentid>7031712</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:15:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tejoebārsa</username>
        <id>2604072</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304866</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1317" sha1="11gxl4msjoo86ckigjvt6qa3du9dbea" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
ဒပြုတ်သီး

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/dpɹoʊʔθï/}}

=== နာမ် ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|နာမ်}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
အရွက် ပွင့်ချပ် ကြီးမားလို့ အသီးလုံးမာ အလွှာလေး ငါးထပ် ပါယား၊ ပင်မကြီး ပေခုနှစ်ဆယ်၊ သျှစ်ဆယ် အထိ မြင့်သော အပင်ကြီး တမျိုး။ အသီးကို ဟင်းချက် စားရေ။ (ဒဗြုတ်သီး)

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
tree of the tidal forests Sonneratia alba  elephant apple Dillenia indica Also သပြု

=== ဗမာ ===
အရွက် ပွင့်ချပ် ကြီးမား၍ အသီးလုံးတွင် အလွှာလေး ငါးထပ် ပါပြီး၊ ပင်စည် ပေခုနှစ်ဆယ်၊ ရှစ်ဆယ် အထိ မြင့်သော အပင်ကြီး တစ်မျိုး။ အသီးကို ဟင်းချက် စားသည်။ (သပြုသီး)

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
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      <text bytes="245" sha1="t1umew16gydy87ls4z3xqoqmfvw3r1k" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/jax/lang|jax}} ==
{{Wt/jax/head|jax}}
:{{Wt/jax/suaro|jax|LL-Q3915769 (jax)-Muhamad Izzul Fiqih-namo.wav}}
{{Wt/jax/-n-|jax}}
# kato untuk nyebut ato manggil orang
[[Category:Wt/jax]]
[[Category:Wp/jax/Kopdar WikiSeloka 15 Agustus 2026]]</text>
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      <comment>Grammatical correction</comment>
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'''Enjangu''' (''Felis catus''), eyetwa '''enjangu y’omuka''', n’ekikooko kikye ekirikurya enyama. N’ekisoro ekiriire enyama kwonka, n’ahabw’ekyo eshemereire kurya enyama nk'o kurya kway'o kukuru. Enkyara zayo ezirikuraba n’okushenturuka nizigihwera kwita ebikooko bikye nk''''embeba'''. Eine omubiri gw’amaani kandi ogworobi, emize y’okuhiira mangu, n’amayinyo agari kuteera; kandi obushoboorozi bwayo bw’okureeba omu mwabazyo n’okunuka bubagaire gye. N’ekisoro ekirikukunda kuba n’ezindi, kwonka nehiiga yonka kandi ekunda kureetwa omu bwire bw’omwirima. Okugamba kw’enjangu nikutwariramu okuniagiira  n'okuguruma, okufuuha, n’emishushani y’omubiri. Neyebwa ebigambo eby’ahansi munonga ebi amatu g’abantu gatakubaasa kuhurira. Enjangu neyoreka obwengye bwayo kurabira omu kumanyiira, okwegira aha birikubaho, n’okubasa kutaho oburyo bw’okutandukura oburemeezi. Enjangu z’enkazi nizibaasa kuzaara ebiwana byazo omu bwire bw’ekanda nari omu bwire bw’emiceeri, kandi nizibaasa kuzaara ebiwana bibiri kuhika bitaano omurundi gumwe.

Enjangu y’omuka niyo yoonka ey’omu ruganda rwa &quot;Felidae&quot; eyatungirwe omu maka. Okushwijuma kw’eby’obaire n’eby’emizigiti (genetics) nikworeka ngu okutunga enjangu omu maka kukatandikira omu nsi ya &quot;Near East&quot; nka emyaka 7,500 BCE ehingwire. Hati, enjangu zishagaire omu nsi yona kandi abantu nibazikunda ahabw’obunywani n’obusobozi bwazo bw’okwita ebisoro ebirikushiisha (vermin). Nizitunga nk’ebisoro by’omu nka, enjangu z’okukora, n’ezo ezirikugyereziibwa omu mizaano y’enjangu. Omu njangu amamiriyoni 600 eziri omu nsi yona, amamiriyoni 400 ziri omu nsi ya Asia. Ensi ya Amerika (USA) niyo eeine enjangu nyingi munonga (amamiriyoni 73.8), ekuratirwa &quot;United Kingdom&quot; eeine amamiriyoni 10pointi9.Ezindi enjangu nizetayaayira omu mitaano zirikwetantara abantu. Okutsigwa kw’enjangu nikuhaatira omuhendo gw’enjangu z’omu mitaano kweyongyera, eki kireeteire omuhendo gw’enyonyi n’ebindi bisoro bikye kukyendeera. Okuzibira omuhendo gwazo kuguma nigweyongyera nikutwariramu okuzishahura (spaying and neutering)

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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        <id>2623110</id>
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      <comment>Grammatical correction</comment>
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'''Enjangu''' (''Felis catus''), eyetwa '''enjangu y’omuka''', n’ekikooko kikye ekirikurya enyama. N’ekisoro ekiriire enyama kwonka, n’ahabw’ekyo eshemereire kurya enyama nk'o kurya kway'o kukuru. Enkyara zayo ezirikuraba n’okushenturuka nizigihwera kwita ebikooko bikye nk''''embeba'''. Eine omubiri gw’amaani kandi ogworobi, emize y’okuhiira mangu, n’amayinyo agari kuteera; kandi obushoboorozi bwayo bw’okureeba omu mwabazyo n’okunuka bubagaire gye. N’ekisoro ekirikukunda kuba n’ezindi, kwonka nehiiga yonka kandi ekunda kureetwa omu bwire bw’omwirima. Okugamba kw’enjangu nikutwariramu okuniagiira  n'okuguruma, okufuuha, n’emishushani y’omubiri. Neyebwa ebigambo eby’ahansi munonga ebi amatu g’abantu gatakubaasa kuhurira. Enjangu neyoreka obwengye bwayo kurabira omu kumanyiira, okwegira aha birikubaho, n’okubasa kutaho oburyo bw’okutandukura oburemeezi. Enjangu z’enkazi nizibaasa kuzaara ebiwana byazo omu bwire bw’ekanda nari omu bwire bw’emiceeri, kandi nizibaasa kuzaara ebiwana bibiri kuhika bitaano omurundi gumwe.

Enjangu y’omuka niyo yoonka ey’omu ruganda rwa &quot;Felidae&quot; eyatungirwe omu maka. Okushwijuma kw’eby’obaire n’eby’emizigiti (genetics) nikworeka ngu okutunga enjangu omu maka kukatandikira omu nsi ya &quot;Near East&quot; nka emyaka 7,500 BCE ehingwire. Hati, enjangu zishagaire omu nsi yona kandi abantu nibazikunda ahabw’obunywani n’obusobozi bwazo bw’okwita ebisoro ebirikushiisha (vermin). Nizitunga nk’ebisoro by’omu nka, enjangu z’okukora, n’ezo ezirikugyereziibwa omu mizaano y’enjangu. Omu njangu amamiriyoni 600 (rukaaga)eziri omu nsi yona, amamiriyoni 400 ziri omu nsi ya Asia. Ensi ya Amerika (USA) niyo eeine enjangu nyingi munonga (amamiriyoni 73.8), ekuratirwa &quot;United Kingdom&quot; eeine amamiriyoni 10pointi9.Ezindi enjangu nizetayaayira omu mitaano zirikwetantara abantu. Okutsigwa kw’enjangu nikuhaatira omuhendo gw’enjangu z’omu mitaano kweyongyera, eki kireeteire omuhendo gw’enyonyi n’ebindi bisoro bikye kukyendeera. Okuzibira omuhendo gwazo kuguma nigweyongyera nikutwariramu okuzishahura (spaying and neutering)

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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'''Enjangu''' (''Felis catus''), eyetwa '''enjangu y’omuka''', n’ekikooko kikye ekirikurya enyama. N’ekisoro ekiriire enyama kwonka, n’ahabw’ekyo eshemereire kurya enyama nk'o kurya kway'o kukuru. Enkyara zayo ezirikuraba n’okushenturuka nizigihwera kwita ebikooko bikye nk''''embeba'''. Eine omubiri gw’amaani kandi ogworobi, emize y’okuhiira mangu, n’amayinyo agari kuteera; kandi obushoboorozi bwayo bw’okureeba omu mwabazyo n’okunuka bubagaire gye. N’ekisoro ekirikukunda kuba n’ezindi, kwonka nehiiga yonka kandi ekunda kureetwa omu bwire bw’omwirima. Okugamba kw’enjangu nikutwariramu okuniagiira  n'okuguruma, okufuuha, n’emishushani y’omubiri. Neyebwa ebigambo eby’ahansi munonga ebi amatu g’abantu gatakubaasa kuhurira. Enjangu neyoreka obwengye bwayo kurabira omu kumanyiira, okwegira aha birikubaho, n’okubasa kutaho oburyo bw’okutandukura oburemeezi. Enjangu z’enkazi nizibaasa kuzaara ebiwana byazo omu bwire bw’ekanda nari omu bwire bw’emiceeri, kandi nizibaasa kuzaara ebiwana bibiri kuhika bitaano omurundi gumwe.

Enjangu y’omuka niyo yoonka ey’omu ruganda rwa &quot;Felidae&quot; eyatungirwe omu maka. Okushwijuma kw’eby’obaire n’eby’emizigiti (genetics) nikworeka ngu okutunga enjangu omu maka kukatandikira omu nsi ya &quot;Near East&quot; nka emyaka 7,500 BCE ehingwire. Hati, enjangu zishagaire omu nsi yona kandi abantu nibazikunda ahabw’obunywani n’obusobozi bwazo bw’okwita ebisoro ebirikushiisha (vermin). Nizitunga nk’ebisoro by’omu nka, enjangu z’okukora, n’ezo ezirikugyereziibwa omu mizaano y’enjangu. Omu njangu amamiriyoni 600 (rukaaga)eziri omu nsi yona, amamiriyoni 400 (bina)ziri omu nsi ya Asia. Ensi ya Amerika (USA) niyo eeine enjangu nyingi munonga (amamiriyoni 73.8), ekuratirwa &quot;United Kingdom&quot; eeine amamiriyoni 10pointi9.Ezindi enjangu nizetayaayira omu mitaano zirikwetantara abantu. Okutsigwa kw’enjangu nikuhaatira omuhendo gw’enjangu z’omu mitaano kweyongyera, eki kireeteire omuhendo gw’enyonyi n’ebindi bisoro bikye kukyendeera. Okuzibira omuhendo gwazo kuguma nigweyongyera nikutwariramu okuzishahura (spaying and neutering)

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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        <id>2623110</id>
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      <comment>Grammatical correction</comment>
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'''Enjangu''' (''Felis catus''), eyetwa '''enjangu y’omuka''', n’ekikooko kikye ekirikurya enyama. N’ekisoro ekiriire enyama kwonka, n’ahabw’ekyo eshemereire kurya enyama nk'o kurya kway'o kukuru. Enkyara zayo ezirikuraba n’okushenturuka nizigihwera kwita ebikooko bikye nk''''embeba'''. Eine omubiri gw’amaani kandi ogworobi, emize y’okuhiira mangu, n’amayinyo agari kuteera; kandi obushoboorozi bwayo bw’okureeba omu mwabazyo n’okunuka bubagaire gye. N’ekisoro ekirikukunda kuba n’ezindi, kwonka nehiiga yonka kandi ekunda kureetwa omu bwire bw’omwirima. Okugamba kw’enjangu nikutwariramu okuniagiira  n'okuguruma, okufuuha, n’emishushani y’omubiri. Neyebwa ebigambo eby’ahansi munonga ebi amatu g’abantu gatakubaasa kuhurira. Enjangu neyoreka obwengye bwayo kurabira omu kumanyiira, okwegira aha birikubaho, n’okubasa kutaho oburyo bw’okutandukura oburemeezi. Enjangu z’enkazi nizibaasa kuzaara ebiwana byazo omu bwire bw’ekanda nari omu bwire bw’emiceeri, kandi nizibaasa kuzaara ebiwana bibiri kuhika bitaano omurundi gumwe.

Enjangu y’omuka niyo yoonka ey’omu ruganda rwa &quot;Felidae&quot; eyatungirwe omu maka. Okushwijuma kw’eby’obaire n’eby’emizigiti (genetics) nikworeka ngu okutunga enjangu omu maka kukatandikira omu nsi ya &quot;Near East&quot; nka emyaka 7,500 BCE ehingwire. Hati, enjangu zishagaire omu nsi yona kandi abantu nibazikunda ahabw’obunywani n’obusobozi bwazo bw’okwita ebisoro ebirikushiisha (vermin). Nizitunga nk’ebisoro by’omu nka, enjangu z’okukora, n’ezo ezirikugyereziibwa omu mizaano y’enjangu. Omu njangu amamiriyoni 600 (rukaaga)eziri omu nsi yona, amamiriyoni 400 (bina)ziri omu nsi ya Asia. Ensi ya Amerika (USA) niyo eeine enjangu nyingi munonga (amamiriyoni 73pointi 8), ekuratirwa &quot;United Kingdom&quot; eeine amamiriyoni 10pointi9.Ezindi enjangu nizetayaayira omu mitaano zirikwetantara abantu. Okutsigwa kw’enjangu nikuhaatira omuhendo gw’enjangu z’omu mitaano kweyongyera, eki kireeteire omuhendo gw’enyonyi n’ebindi bisoro bikye kukyendeera. Okuzibira omuhendo gwazo kuguma nigweyongyera nikutwariramu okuzishahura (spaying and neutering)

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Kate beckinsale</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3711175</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305329</id>
      <parentid>7038581</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:51:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
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      <text bytes="236" sha1="ld1q197cjatc536zoytmatab8h9a2i2" xml:space="preserve">'''Kathrin Beckinsale''', Badi bamba Kate Beckinsale, udi munayi wa filuma britannique, mulela Mu Dia matuku 26 a ngondu muanda muteketa mu tshidimu tshia 1973 mu [[Wp/lua/Londre|Londres]] (Angleterre, Royaume-Uni).

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/victor prouvé</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3712371</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304742</id>
      <parentid>7209143</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:52:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
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      <text bytes="235" sha1="5weil08jwwpt2be4iwonicsv8hf925d" xml:space="preserve">'''Victor Prouvé''' Mulela mu Dia matuku 13 a ngondu wa dikumi Mu tshidimu tshia 1858 mu Nancy ni mufa mu Dia matuku 15 a ngondu muibidi mu tshidimu tshia 1943 mu Sétif.[[File:Victor Prouvé 1897.jpg|200px|right]]
[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/lua/Patrick Carolis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>7305317</id>
      <parentid>7166434</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:30:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
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      <text bytes="165" sha1="impy6l5oty3y3gk2obzgk2tomzrqxx2" xml:space="preserve">'''Patrick Carolis'''mulela Mu Dia matuku 26 a ngondu wa dikumi Mu tshidimu tshia 1965 mu ditunga Dia France.[[File:De Carolis.jpg|200px|right]]

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:30:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
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      <text bytes="166" sha1="dknn1see1vryr8xe0s9nzocn7qly4n5" xml:space="preserve">'''Patrick Carolis''' mulela Mu Dia matuku 26 a ngondu wa dikumi Mu tshidimu tshia 1965 mu ditunga Dia France.[[File:De Carolis.jpg|200px|right]]

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
      <sha1>dknn1see1vryr8xe0s9nzocn7qly4n5</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305319</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:30:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shayi ngolu</username>
        <id>2566594</id>
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      <text bytes="184" sha1="rdw8ajpm7hhkd8as8h7dve30b113nm6" xml:space="preserve">'''Patrick Carolis''' mulela Mu Dia matuku 26 a ngondu wa dikumi Mu tshidimu tshia 1965 mu ditunga Dia [[Wp/lua/France|France]].[[File:De Carolis.jpg|200px|right]]

[[Category:Wp/lua]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wq/pa/'ਜਾਰਜ ਇਵਾਨੋਵਿਚ ਗੁਰਜੀਅਫ਼</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3738298</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304889</id>
      <parentid>7197786</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:26:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>ਅੰਤਰ-ਵਿਕੀ ਕੜੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ [[d:Q217771]] ਵਿੱਚ ਜੋੜਨਾ</comment>
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      <text bytes="1392" sha1="py405bisuk4dxwdf9hycv5ec7mpbw66" xml:space="preserve">'''ਜਾਰਜ ਇਵਾਨੋਵਿਚ ਗੁਰਜੀਅਫ਼''' (c. 1866–1949) ਇੱਕ ਆਧਿਆਤਮਿਕ [[Wq/pa/ਅਧਿਆਪਕ|ਅਧਿਆਪਕ]], [[Wq/pa/ਦਰਸ਼ਨਿਕ|ਦਰਸ਼ਨਿਕ]] ਅਤੇ [[Wq/pa/ਲੇਖਕ|ਲੇਖਕ]] ਸੀ।

== ਕਥਨ ==
&quot;ਮਨੁੱਖ ਇੱਕ ਮਸ਼ੀਨ ਹੈ, ਪਰ ਇੱਕ ਐਸੀ ਮਸ਼ੀਨ ਜੋ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਜਾਣ ਸਕਦੀ ਹੈ।&quot;
: — ''Views from the Real World'', E. P. Dutton, 1973, p. 23
&quot;ਬਿਨਾਂ ਯਤਨ ਦੇ ਕੋਈ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੁੰਦਾ।&quot;
: — ''Views from the Real World'', p. 45
&quot;ਮਨੁੱਖ ਉਹ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰਦਾ ਜੋ ਉਹ ਸੋਚਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ; ਉਹ ਉਹੀ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਉਸਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ।&quot;
: — ''Views from the Real World'', p. 67
&quot;ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਯਾਦ ਰੱਖਣਾ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਡੀ ਕਲਾ ਹੈ।&quot;
: — ''Views from the Real World'', p. 112
&quot;ਮਨੁੱਖ ਅਕਸਰ ਆਪਣੀ ਅਸਲ ਸਥਿਤੀ ਨੂੰ ਨਹੀਂ ਜਾਣਦਾ, ਇਸ ਲਈ ਉਹ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਬਦਲ ਨਹੀਂ ਸਕਦਾ।&quot;
: — P. D. Ouspensky, ''In Search of the Miraculous'', Harcourt, 1949, p. 58

[[Category:Wq/pa]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q217771}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/nyn/Adison Kakuru</title>
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        <username>Prizebae</username>
        <id>2655686</id>
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      <comment>Heading</comment>
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'''Adison Kakuru''' n'omutegyeki, omushuubuuzi, omuhingi, kandi omurwanirizi w'obuhangwa bw'ensi.Akaba ari omukiiki omu ishengyero arikujwekyera eihanga rya Rukiga omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale obwahati  [[Wp/nyn/Rukiga District|Rukiga]] omu [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|ishengyero rya]] munaana erya [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]]. Akaba ari omukiiki omu ishengyero arikujwekyera Kabale Disiturikiti nka mukuru w'entebe ya LC 5, omugambirizi, kandi omukiiki omu ishengyero rya Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Kabale District|Kabale]] orikujwekyera  Rwamucucu. N'omukiiki omu kibiina ky'eby'obutegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.independent.co.ug/election-watch/2644-rukiga-race-independentcandidate-gives-nrm-trouble &quot;Rukiga race: Independent candidate gives NRM trouble]&quot; {{Wp/nyn/Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150706224502/http://www.independent.co.ug/election-watch/2644-rukiga-race-independentcandidate-gives-nrm-trouble|date=6 July 2015}}. ''The Independent'', 23 March 2010&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Adison Kakuru Hands Over Kabale Office to Vice-Chairman&lt;/ref&gt; 

== '''Ebyafaayo''' ==
Kakuru akazaarwa ebiro 14 Okwa kana omu mwaka gwa 1962&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.parliament.go.ug/index.php?option=com_wrapper&amp;Itemid=37 Adison Kakuru Was Born in 14 April 1962]&lt;/ref&gt; Omuri [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]]. Akashomera omuri Kigezi College Butobere aha rurengo rwa O na A'Level. Akatunga diguri ya sayansa omu by'amahamba kuruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]] omu mwaka gwa 1990. Akatuunga diguri ya kabiri omu by'obuhangwa n'okureeberera eby'obuhangwa kuruga [[Wp/nyn/Makerere University|Makerere University]].Akaza omu ishomero ry'ensi yoona ery'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa, Wageningen, omuri Budaaki.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cbcglobal.org/cbc_pages/Peoples.aspx?PId=294 Profile At Commonwealth Business Council] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317162411/http://www.cbcglobal.org/cbc_pages/Peoples.aspx?PId=294|date=17 March 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Omurimo ==
Kakuru aheereize nka ofiisa omu kitongore ky'okucondooza omu kitongore ky'eby'amahamba nk'omukozi w'ekitongore kya Gavumenti ya Uganda ekya Agro-forestry Research Network for Africa (AFRENA). 

Aha kitongore ky'eby'obuhingi ekya Uganda National Agricultural Research Organization, akakora nka ofiisa w'okucondooza/omw'ebembezi w'ekitongore kya Forestry Research Institute&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=7769:rukiga-by-elecetion-kakuru-pledges-to-unite-develop-rukiga RUKIGA BY-ELECTION: Kakuru pledges to unite, develop Rukiga]&quot;. ''The Observer''.&lt;/ref&gt; kandi akakora n'aha purogyekiti ezindi. Akaba ari mukuru w'ekitongore kya Kabale AFRENA. Akaba ari mukuru w'ekicweka ky'eby'obuhangwa ekya Africare ahansi ya Africare&lt;ref&gt;Mugisha Odrek Rwabwogo (2007). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=vQkOAQAAMAAJ Uganda Districts Information Handbook]''. Fountain Publishers. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]]&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;[[:en:Special:BookSources/9789970024292|9789970024292]]&lt;/bdi&gt;.&lt;/ref&gt;/USAID, purogyekiti eya Title II Food for Peace eyaashashuriirwe Uganda Food Security Initiative.

Nk'omurwaniirizi w'obuhangwa bw'ensi, Kakuru akakora aha kitongore kya Regional[1] Centre for Services in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, omuri Nairobi, Kenya; ekya International Centre for Research in Agro-forestry omuri Nairobi; ekya International Atomic Energy Agency hamwe n'ekya Food and Agriculture Organization omuri Vienna, Austria; ekya National Agricultural Research Organisation omuri Kampala, Uganda; hamwe n'ekya World Mountain Peoples' Association omuri Paris, France.

== Eby'obutegyeki ==
Omu Kwa kana omu mwaka  gwa 1992, Kakuru akatooranwa kuba memba w'akakiiko ka disiturikiti ya Kabale, arikujwekyera egomborora ya Rwamucucu. Akaguma omu ofiisi egi kuhisya omwaka rwa 2002, ari mukuru w'akakiiko k'eby'obwegyese hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa hamwe n'obuhangwa bw'ensi. Omu kwa kana omu mwaka  rwa 1998, akatooranwa kuba sipiika wa disiturikiti ya Kabale, omwanya ogu yaagumiremu  okuhisya omu kwezi kwa kashatu omu mwaka rwa 2002, kandi ari mukuru w'akakiiko k'eby'obushubuuzi omu disiturikiti.

Kakuru akahinduka mukuru w'entebe omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale omu Kwakana  omu mwaka gwa 2002&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150211051754/http://business.highbeam.com/3548/article-1G1-112996396/kakuru-compromise-candidate-rugunda Kakuru 'Compromise' Candidate – Rugunda].&quot;, ''Africa News Service'', 6 February 2004. via Highbeam&lt;/ref&gt;, arikusiinga Francis Runumi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa aha ntebe niyo emwe omu mwaka gwa 2006.Omu kwezi Kwa kashatu omwaka gwa 2010, akarekura entebe kwejumba omu karuuru k'okugaruka kutoorana omujwekyera w'eihanga rya Rukiga omuri Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.independent.co.ug/news/news-analysis/2558-mbale-fdc-win-maintains-nrm-urban-jinx Mbale FDC win maintains NRM urban jinx]&quot; {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211043516/http://www.independent.co.ug/news/news-analysis/2558-mbale-fdc-win-maintains-nrm-urban-jinx|date=11 February 2015}}. ''The Independent''. 2 March 2010&lt;/ref&gt;. 

Omu kwezi kwa kashatu omwaka gwa 2010, Kakuru akatooranwa kuba omukiiki omu ishengyero rya yuganda erya munaana, arikujwekyera ekicweka kya Rukiga omuri Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/719848 Kabale landslide kills university student]&quot; {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211043854/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/719848|date=11 February 2015}}, ''New Vision'', 17 May 2010.&lt;/ref&gt; bwanyima y'okusinga [[Wp/nyn/Jack Sabiiti|Jack Sabiiti]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.observer.ug/index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=view&amp;id=7769&amp;Itemid= Rukiga by-election: Kakuru pledges to unite, develop Rukiga]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/730642 District winners]&quot; {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211042312/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/730642|date=11 February 2015}}. ''New Vision''. 2 September 2010&lt;/ref&gt; owa [[Wp/nyn/Forum for Democratic Change|Forum for Democratic Change]]. Obu yaabaire ari omu ishengyero, akakora aha kakiiko k'ebyombeko hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'obutegyeki.

Omu karuuru k'eihanga aka 2011, akasingwa Jack Sabiiti.&lt;ref&gt;joomlasupport. &quot;[https://www.observer.ug/component/content/article?id=12352:was-the-election-rigged Was the election rigged?]&quot;. ''The Observer - Uganda''. Retrieved 30 May 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Reeba n'ebindi ==

* [[Wp/nyn/Jack Sabiiti|Jack Sabiiti]]
* Parliament of Uganda

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==
[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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    <title>Wb/udm</title>
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      <text bytes="120" sha1="hlic1l35etz2jlkr9lcjk3q59cjdxek" xml:space="preserve">{{test wiki
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[[Category:Incubator:Test wikis of languages of Russia]]</text>
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[[Category:Incubator:Test wikis of languages of Russia]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/wlx/4 Play (sini)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Zakaria Tunsung</username>
        <id>2586001</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Zakaria Tunsung moved page [[Wp/wlx/4 Play (film)]] to [[Wp/wlx/4 Play (sini)]]: Misspelled title</comment>
      <origin>7191542</origin>
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      <text bytes="2490" sha1="93eg3h28djzsfors9remspu9hy8fyek" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/wlx/Databox|item=Q16733305}}
'''4 Play''' (Baŋ la bʋɔna yi Nollywood ɩŋa ʋŋ ɩ ‘4 can play Kross Movies’ a tɔrɩ ku dʋnɛɛ lomboe jaa) a yuoni 2010 Nigeria nɩŋ [[Wp/wlx/Ghana|Ghana]] nʋmbʋ gbela dɩɛn filim daʋ ŋa baŋ buɔna Frank Rajah Asare la nɩe aŋ da wulɩ bela nɩ baŋ maalɩ a filim ŋa, Majid Michel mɩŋ da wulɩ bela nɩba aŋ na lɛoha ba meɩhi, Yvonne Okoro, John Dumelo, Jackie Appiah, Roselyn Ngissah anɩŋ Juliet Ibrahim&lt;ref&gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2082157/&lt;/ref&gt; la nɩba aŋ bi a filim ŋa ɩŋaŋ. Ba la leʋ maalɩe afilim ŋa a kuu  yojaala aŋ la 4Play Reloaded, a yuonɩ 2011&lt;ref&gt;http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/10/10/4-play-movie-reload-what-is-that/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.afrodb.com/titles/729/4-play&lt;/ref&gt;. Ba da ɩhiyi a filim ŋa ka ʋ nyeye junɔɔ gberɩ buta a yuonɩ 2010 Ghana Movie Award, a gaa nɩnbitɔɔrɩ a ti nye junɔkpŋ aŋ wuli ka ʋ na la filim ŋa pɔga aŋ nye ahiji fɔrɔ&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20140415201059/http://www.ghanacelebrities.com/2010/12/26/shirley-frimpong-manso%E2%80%99s-%E2%80%98a-sting-in-a-tale%E2%80%99-rules-ghana-movie-awards-2010-agya-koo-majid-michel-kyeiwaa-jackie-appiah-nadia-buari-others-were-winners-too%E2%80%A6/&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20140416145954/http://www.nigeriafilms.com/news/10185/29/ghana-movie-awards-maiden-edition-in-picturesfull-.html&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.jaguda.com/2010/04/16/ghanaian-movie-4play-preview/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Dɩɛŋdɩɛnɩba ==

* Majid Michel as Alvin
* John Dumelo as Rex
* Jackie Appiah as Jezel
* Yvonne Okoro as Ruby
* Juliet Ibrahim as Nivera
* Roselyn Ngissah as Angie
* Jesse Sarpong as Kojo
* Kalsum Sinare as Jezel's mum
* Omar Sherif Captain as Jake
* Roger Quartey as Barrister Dickson
* George Attipoe as Jason
* Helen Asante as Diana
* Mercy Kaponde as Jade

== Saagtɩ ==
''modernghana.com'' da ɩyε nie aŋ suo a dɩεŋ kpiεgu kyε la wuno a film mɩŋ iibʋ.&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4_Play_(film)#cite_note-7&lt;/ref&gt;

Frank Rajah Asare la darɩkte a filim

Pascal Amanfo la ɩ a skirɩnpilee
== ihi ==

== Tarɩjiihi ==
[[Category:Wp/wlx]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q16733305}}
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Wp/wlx/Kɔmbɔŋ-tɩrɩ sinihi]]
[[Category:Wp/wlx/2010 sini]]
[[Category:Wp/wlx/Gaana naŋsaalɩ-tɩrɩ sinihi]]
[[Category:Wp/wlx/Nigeria naŋsaalɩ-tɩrɩ sinihi]]
[[Category:Wp/wlx/2010 direct-to-video sini]]
[[Category:Wp/wlx/2010 Nigeria sinihi]]
[[Category:Wp/wlx/2010 naŋsaalɩ-tɩrɩ sinihi]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Template:Wt/bug/bug</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3766449</id>
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      <id>7305142</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Iripseudocorus</username>
        <id>2596039</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305142</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12" sha1="3qox8skgksjxla5e7wv357l85mlf7uv" xml:space="preserve">==basa Ugi==</text>
      <sha1>3qox8skgksjxla5e7wv357l85mlf7uv</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Chi' abal</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3770787</id>
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      <id>7305112</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Felipe Castillo 3</username>
        <id>2658038</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>se realizo un cambio</comment>
      <origin>7305112</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="771" sha1="jaxk26bvh0kd7zabmjh6krszjyoe1cg" xml:space="preserve">[[File:U yich che’ chí abal.jpg|thumb|U yich che’ chí abal]]
[[File:Ch’ujuk abal.jpg|thumb|Ch'ujuk abal]]
'''Le chí abalo'''' jump’éel  yich che' jach k’ajóolta’an ti’ ''Yucatán'', jach jats'uts yéetel jach ki’, yaan tu'uxe' ya'axtak ku jaanta'al wa ts'o'ok u yijtale', chak chakaway yéetel chak boox, je’ex u k’áat u jaant máak. Bey xan ku páajtal u beeta'al u ja'ail uk'bil yéetel  ku páajtal u ja'ayal tikintaj k’iin uti’al beetik u ch’ujukil abal, yaan tu'uxe'  ku k’aabatiko'ob  &quot;x kulín&quot;, lelo’ xan ku meyajta’al ti’al k’áat chi’ ti’ u k’iinil [[Wp/yua/Janal Pixan|Janal Pixan]].
[[File:Ciruela Campeche.jpg|left|thumb|Abal]]
Ba’ax kaxtik, suuk u k’óochol ti’ u yo’osal ''mayo''.
[[Category:Wp/yua]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/bom/Tara</title>
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    <id>3782084</id>
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      <parentid>7226503</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:25:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304804</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="400" sha1="8nn5g250uhuguv2y836tud5hluelo5h" xml:space="preserve">'''Tárá''' a sé kwɔn de be lɛrɛ a bavîn bemat de ba ga ku. Bemat lɔ be vɔk kwɔn how bavin kɛ '''''tárá''''' de be lɛrɛ bavin bemat mɛn vemo de ba ga kushu. Bemat duk wusal be vɔk '''''tárá''''' de be how ɛ bavîn bemat mɛn de ba ku. '''Tárá''' mo wo sè e vwi bagat na duk wusal o.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/bom/Nggyusma/Nggyubsa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>7304802</id>
      <parentid>7229008</parentid>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
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      <text bytes="278" sha1="32rekysjfvzodfhlwo4us55wm4j6kfi" xml:space="preserve">'''Nggyusma/Nggyubsa''' a sé gwa mbol ko be kye mɛ pyɛ́. '''Nggyusma kɛ Nggyubsa''' a to sé hwal arɔng. Ko be to wunang wɛ na pyɛ́ kɛ hwal hwak na be mɔrɔ mɛ serɔ hak.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>32rekysjfvzodfhlwo4us55wm4j6kfi</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/Plantilla:Pronombre</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305166</id>
      <parentid>7235606</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T03:00:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>traducir las instrucciones al inglés</comment>
      <origin>7305166</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1475" sha1="ip2tdzmi3rvg1dwkj5b1uqgysgvcaed" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|'''(BORRA ESTO Y ESCRIBE LA PALABRA EN NÁHUAT/ERASE THIS AND WRITE THE WORDS IN NAWAT)'''
----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Pronombre
''Grammatical Category:'' Pronoun
----

* '''Audio:''' [[Wt/ppl/(BORRA ESTO Y PEGA EL NOMBRE COMPLETO EMPEZANDO CON FILE, EJEMPLO: File:PPL-kwawit.wav/ERASE THIS AND PASTE THE NAME OF THE COMPLETE FILE, EXAMPLE: File:PPL-kwawit.wav)|embed|200px]]
|}
[[File:(SI_HAY_IMAGEN,_BORRA_ESTO_Y_PEGA_SOLO_EL_NOMBRE._EJ:_Tree.jpg/IF THERE IS AN IMAGE, ERASE THIS AND PASTE ONLY THE NAME OF THE FILE. E.G.: EJ: Tree.jpg)|thumb|250x250px|(BORRA ESTO Y ESCRIBE LA PALABRA EN NÁHUAT COINCIDIENDO CON LA IMAGEN/ERASE THIS AND WRITE IN NAWAT THE WORD THAT COINCIDES WITH THE IMAGE)]]
◄--- (SI NO VAS A AGREGAR IMAGEN, BORRA ESTA LÍNEA COMPLETA DESDE LOS CORCHETES/IF YOU’RE NOT GOING TO ADD AN IMAGE, ERASE THIS ENTIRE LINE STARTING ON THE SQUARED BRACKETS).

=== Español ===

* '''Definición:''' (Escribe aquí qué significa la palabra en español)
* '''Ejemplo:''' &quot;(Escribe la frase en Náhuat)&quot; — ''(Escribe aquí la traducción de la frase al español)''

=== English ===

* '''Definition:''' (Escribe aquí el significado de la palabra en inglés)
* '''Example:''' &quot;(Vuelve a escribir la misma frase en Náhuat)&quot; — ''(Escribe aquí la traducción de la frase al inglés)''

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Pronombre]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>ip2tdzmi3rvg1dwkj5b1uqgysgvcaed</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/Plantilla:Interjección</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3784947</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305167</id>
      <parentid>7235608</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T03:02:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>traducir las instrucciones al inglés</comment>
      <origin>7305167</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1488" sha1="ssrzypptewnlqhxlntoxg6823v1xnwe" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|'''(BORRA ESTO Y ESCRIBE LA PALABRA EN NÁHUAT/ERASE THIS AND WRITE THE WORDS IN NAWAT)'''
----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Interjección
''Grammatical Category:'' Interjection
----

* '''Audio:''' [[Wt/ppl/(BORRA ESTO Y PEGA EL NOMBRE COMPLETO EMPEZANDO CON FILE, EJEMPLO: File:PPL-kwawit.wav/ERASE THIS AND PASTE THE NAME OF THE COMPLETE FILE, EXAMPLE: File:PPL-kwawit.wav)|embed|200px]]
|}
[[File:(SI_HAY_IMAGEN,_BORRA_ESTO_Y_PEGA_SOLO_EL_NOMBRE._EJ:_Tree.jpg/IF THERE IS AN IMAGE, ERASE THIS AND PASTE ONLY THE NAME OF THE FILE. E.G.: EJ: Tree.jpg)|thumb|250x250px|(BORRA ESTO Y ESCRIBE LA PALABRA EN NÁHUAT COINCIDIENDO CON LA IMAGEN/ERASE THIS AND WRITE IN NAWAT THE WORD THAT COINCIDES WITH THE IMAGE)]]
◄--- (SI NO VAS A AGREGAR IMAGEN, BORRA ESTA LÍNEA COMPLETA DESDE LOS CORCHETES/IF YOU’RE NOT GOING TO ADD AN IMAGE, ERASE THIS ENTIRE LINE STARTING ON THE SQUARED BRACKETS).

=== Español ===

* '''Definición:''' (Escribe aquí qué significa la palabra en español)
* '''Ejemplo:''' &quot;(Escribe la frase en Náhuat)&quot; — ''(Escribe aquí la traducción de la frase al español)''

=== English ===

* '''Definition:''' (Escribe aquí el significado de la palabra en inglés)
* '''Example:''' &quot;(Vuelve a escribir la misma frase en Náhuat)&quot; — ''(Escribe aquí la traducción de la frase al inglés)''

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Interjección]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>ssrzypptewnlqhxlntoxg6823v1xnwe</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/jax/Kuah asam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3785606</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305208</id>
      <parentid>7300298</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T05:48:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Catatansicikal</username>
        <id>2690933</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305208</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1604" sha1="kw8rhu7oa5m4wrnv7xfxap9nht4difv" xml:space="preserve">Kuah asam adolah salah siko makanan khas Minahasa yang dibuat dengan caro sederhana, tapi kayo akan rempah-rempah. Beberapo bumbu yang dipake antaro lain jahe, kunyit, kemangi, samo bumbu lain yang ngasih raso samo aroma yang khas. Daerah Minahasa yang banyak punyo hasil alam, seperti daun jeruk, kemangi, samo tomat, bikin bahan-bahan tu gampang didapet dan jadi bahan utama dalam masakan ni.

Kuah asam biasonyo dipaduke samo ikan cakalang, yang dikenal dengan sebutan Kuah Asam Ikan Cakalang. Tapi, masakan ni jugo biso dipaduke samo bahan lain, misalnyo tahu, yang sering disebut Kuah Asam Tahu. Perpaduan kuah yang panas, aroma rempah yang harum, samo daging ikan cakalang yang lembut bikin hidangan ni cocok dimakan pas cuaco hujan atau di daerah yang suhunyo sejuk. Kuah asam jugo sering dijadike menu keluarga maupun disajike pas berbagai acara adat. Supayo makin nikmat, biasonyo dimakan bebarengan sambal rica iris khas Manado.

Kuah asam punyo ciri khas berupa kuah yang bening dan segar, raso asem yang pas, serta aroma alami dari daun jeruk samo kemangi. Masakan ni jugo dak banyak nggunoke minyak ataupun santan, jadi rasonyo tetap ringan dan segar.

Selain enak, kuah asam jugo dikenal sebagai makanan yang tinggi protein samo vitamin, tapi rendah lemak. Karena banyak nggunoke sayur-sayuran samo ikan sebagai bahan utama, masakan ni cocok dijadike salah satu pilihan menu sehat atau menu diet. Ikan sebagai sumber protein jugo mudah didapet di Indonesia, jadi kuah asam dak cuma lezat, tapi jugo punyo kandungan gizi yang baik buat tubuh.

[[Category:Wp/jax]]
[[Category:Wp/jax/Idangan]]</text>
      <sha1>kw8rhu7oa5m4wrnv7xfxap9nht4difv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305215</id>
      <parentid>7305208</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T06:33:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Catatansicikal</username>
        <id>2690933</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305215</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1604" sha1="31fx6n3qhm2pn0rscdxc15vwp9r7l5z" xml:space="preserve">Kuah asam adolah salah siko makanan khas Minahasa yang dibuat dengan caro sederhana, tapi kayo akan rempah-rempah. Beberapo bumbu yang dipake antaro lain jahe, kunyit, kemangi, samo bumbu lain yang ngasih raso samo aroma yang khas. Daerah Minahasa yang banyak punyo hasil alam, seperti daun jeruk, kemangi, samo tomat, bikin bahan-bahan tu gampang didapet dan jadi bahan utama dalam masakan ni.

Kuah asam biasonyo dipaduke samo ikan cakalang, yang dikenal dengan sebutan Kuah Asam Ikan Cakalang. Tapi, masakan ni jugo biso dipaduke samo bahan lain, misalnyo tahu, yang sering disebut Kuah Asam Tahu. Perpaduan kuah yang panas, aroma rempah yang harum, samo daging ikan cakalang yang lembut bikin hidangan ni cocok dimakan pas cuaco hujan atau di daerah yang suhunyo sejuk. Kuah asam jugo sering dijadike menu keluarga maupun disajike pas berbagai acara adat. Supayo makin nikmat, biasonyo dimakan bebarengan sambal rica iris khas Manado.

Kuah asam punyo ciri khas berupa kuah yang bening dan segar, raso asem yang pas, serta aroma alami dari daun jeruk samo kemangi. Masakan ni jugo dak banyak nggunoke minyak ataupun santan, jadi rasonyo tetap ringan dan segar.

Selain enak, kuah asam jugo dikenal sebagai makanan yang tinggi protein samo vitamin, tapi rendah lemak. Karena banyak nggunoke sayur-sayuran samo ikan sebagai bahan utama, masakan ni cocok dijadike salah siko pilihan menu sehat atau menu diet. Ikan sebagai sumber protein jugo mudah didapet di Indonesia, jadi kuah asam dak cuma lezat, tapi jugo punyo kandungan gizi yang baik buat tubuh.

[[Category:Wp/jax]]
[[Category:Wp/jax/Idangan]]</text>
      <sha1>31fx6n3qhm2pn0rscdxc15vwp9r7l5z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Wp/pih/Location map</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3789924</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305250</id>
      <parentid>7294307</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:24:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>ङघिञ moved page [[Module:Wp/pih/Location Map]] to [[Module:Wp/pih/Location map]]: [[I:CASE]]</comment>
      <origin>7294307</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="24883" sha1="tgdle0j182lehv0lh71p2o7sx60kwdq" xml:space="preserve">require('strict')

local p = {}

local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs

local function round(n, decimals)
	local pow = 10^(decimals or 0)
	return math.floor(n * pow + 0.5) / pow
end

function p.getMapParams(map, frame)
	if not map then
		error('The name of the location map definition to use must be specified', 2)
	end
	local moduletitle = mw.title.new('Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map)
	if not moduletitle then
		error(string.format('%q is not a valid name for a location map definition', map), 2)
	elseif moduletitle.exists then
		local mapData = mw.loadData('Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map)
		return function(name, params)
			if name == nil then
				return 'Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map
			elseif mapData[name] == nil then
				return ''
			elseif params then
				return mw.message.newRawMessage(tostring(mapData[name]), unpack(params)):plain()
			else
				return mapData[name]
			end
		end
	else
		error('Unable to find the specified location map definition: &quot;Module:Location map/data/' .. map .. '&quot; does not exist', 2)
	end
end

function p.data(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = true})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local params = {}
	for k,v in ipairs(args) do
		if k &gt; 2 then
			params[k-2] = v
		end
	end
	return map(args[2], #params ~= 0 and params)
end

local hemisphereMultipliers = {
	longitude = { W = -1, w = -1, E = 1, e = 1 },
	latitude = { S = -1, s = -1, N = 1, n = 1 }
}

local function decdeg(degrees, minutes, seconds, hemisphere, decimal, direction)
	if decimal then
		if degrees then
			error('Decimal and DMS degrees cannot both be provided for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif minutes then
			error('Minutes can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif seconds then
			error('Seconds can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif hemisphere then
			error('A hemisphere can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		end
		local retval = tonumber(decimal)
		if retval then
			return retval
		end
		error('The value &quot;' .. decimal .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif seconds and not minutes then
		error('Seconds were provided for ' .. direction .. ' without minutes also being provided', 2)
	elseif not degrees then
		if minutes then
			error('Minutes were provided for ' .. direction .. ' without degrees also being provided', 2)
		elseif hemisphere then
			error('A hemisphere was provided for ' .. direction .. ' without degrees also being provided', 2)
		end
		return nil
	end
	decimal = tonumber(degrees)
	if not decimal then
		error('The degree value &quot;' .. degrees .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif minutes and not tonumber(minutes) then
		error('The minute value &quot;' .. minutes .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif seconds and not tonumber(seconds) then
		error('The second value &quot;' .. seconds .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	end
	decimal = decimal + (minutes or 0)/60 + (seconds or 0)/3600
	if hemisphere then
		local multiplier = hemisphereMultipliers[direction][hemisphere]
		if not multiplier then
			error('The hemisphere &quot;' .. hemisphere .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
		end
		decimal = decimal * multiplier
	end
	return decimal
end

-- Finds a parameter in a transclusion of {{Coord}}.
local function coord2text(para,coord) -- this should be changed for languages which do not use Arabic numerals or the degree sign
	local lat, long = mw.ustring.match(coord,'&lt;span class=&quot;p%-latitude latitude&quot;&gt;([^&lt;]+)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p%-longitude longitude&quot;&gt;([^&lt;]+)&lt;/span&gt;')
	if lat then
		return tonumber(para == 'longitude' and long or lat)
	end
	local result = mw.text.split(mw.ustring.match(coord,'%-?[%.%d]+°[NS] %-?[%.%d]+°[EW]') or '', '[ °]')
	if para == 'longitude' then result = {result[3], result[4]} end
	if not tonumber(result[1]) or not result[2] then
		mw.log('Malformed coordinates value')
		mw.logObject(para, 'para')
		mw.logObject(coord, 'coord')
		return error('Malformed coordinates value', 2)
	end
	return tonumber(result[1]) * hemisphereMultipliers[para][result[2]]
end

-- effectively make removeBlanks false for caption and maplink, and true for everything else
-- if useWikidata is present but blank, convert it to false instead of nil
-- p.top, p.bottom, and their callers need to use this
function p.valueFunc(key, value)
	if value then
		value = mw.text.trim(value)
	end
	if value ~= '' or key == 'caption' or key == 'maplink' then
		return value
	elseif key == 'useWikidata' then
		return false
	end
end

local function getContainerImage(args, map)
	if args.AlternativeMap then
		return args.AlternativeMap
	elseif args.relief then
        local digits = mw.ustring.match(args.relief,'^[1-9][0-9]?$') or '1' -- image1 to image99
        if map('image' .. digits) ~= '' then
            return map('image' .. digits)
        end
	end
    return map('image')
end

function p.top(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = true, valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local width
	local default_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(args.default_width),&quot;%d*&quot;))
	if not args.width then
		width = round((default_as_number or 240) * (tonumber(map('defaultscale')) or 1))
	elseif mw.ustring.sub(args.width, -2) == 'px' then
		width = mw.ustring.sub(args.width, 1, -3)
	else
		width = args.width
	end
	local width_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(width),&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
    if width_as_number == 0 then
    	-- check to see if width is junk. If it is, then use default calculation
    	width = round((default_as_number or 240) * (tonumber(map('defaultscale')) or 1))
    	width_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(width),&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
    end	
    if args.max_width ~= &quot;&quot; and args.max_width ~= nil then
        -- check to see if width bigger than max_width
        local max_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(args.max_width,&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
        if width_as_number&gt;max_as_number and max_as_number&gt;0 then
            width = args.max_width;
        end
    end
	local retval = frame:extensionTag{name = 'templatestyles', args = {src = 'Module:Location map/styles.css'}}
	if args.float == 'center' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;'
	end
	if args.caption and args.caption ~= '' and args.border ~= 'infobox' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;locmap noresize thumb '
		if args.float == '&quot;left&quot;' or args.float == 'left' then
			retval = retval .. 'floatleft'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;center&quot;' or args.float == 'center' or args.float == '&quot;none&quot;' or args.float == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. 'tnone'
		else
			retval = retval .. 'floatright'
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbinner&quot; style=&quot;width:' .. (width + 2) .. 'px'
		if args.border == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. ';border:none'
		elseif args.border then
			retval = retval .. ';border-color:' .. args.border
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:' .. width .. 'px' .. (args.border ~= 'none' and ';border:1px solid lightgray&quot;&gt;' or '&quot;&gt;')
	else
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:' .. width .. 'px;'
		if args.float == '&quot;left&quot;' or args.float == 'left' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:left;clear:left'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;center&quot;' or args.float == 'center' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;none&quot;' or args.float == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:none;clear:none'
		else
			retval = retval .. 'float:right;clear:right'
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:' .. width .. 'px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:' .. width .. 'px&quot;&gt;'
	end
	local image = getContainerImage(args, map)
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	retval = string.format(
		'%s[[File:%s|%spx|%s%s|class=notpageimage noviewer]]',
		retval,
		image,
		width,
		args.alt or ((args.label or currentTitle.text) .. ' is located in ' .. map('name')),
		args.maplink and ('|link=' .. args.maplink) or ''
	)
	if args.caption and args.caption ~= '' then
		if (currentTitle.namespace == 0) and mw.ustring.find(args.caption, '##') then
			retval = retval .. '[[Category:Pages using location map with a double number sign in the caption]]'
		end
	end
	if args.overlay_image then
		return retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;position:absolute;top:0;left:0&quot;&gt;[[File:' .. args.overlay_image .. '|' .. width .. 'px|class=notpageimage noviewer]]&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return retval
	end
end

function p.bottom(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = true, valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local retval = '&lt;/div&gt;'
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	if not args.caption or args.border == 'infobox' then
		if args.border then
			retval = retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;'
		else
			retval = retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:91%;padding-top:3px&quot;&gt;'
		end
		retval = retval
		.. (args.caption or (args.label or currentTitle.text) .. ' (' .. map('name') .. ')')
		.. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	elseif args.caption ~= ''  then
		-- This is not the pipe trick. We're creating a link with no text on purpose, so that CSS can give us a nice image
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;magnify&quot;&gt;[[:File:' .. getContainerImage(args, map) .. '| ]]&lt;/div&gt;' .. args.caption .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	end

	if args.switcherLabel then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;span class=&quot;switcher-label&quot; style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;' .. args.switcherLabel .. '&lt;/span&gt;'
	elseif args.autoSwitcherLabel then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;span class=&quot;switcher-label&quot; style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;Show map of ' .. map('name') .. '&lt;/span&gt;'
	end
	
	retval = retval .. '&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'
	if args.caption_undefined then
		mw.log('Removed parameter caption_undefined used.')
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		    retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with removed parameters|caption_undefined]]'
		end
	end
	if map('skew') ~= '' or map('lat_skew') ~= '' or map('crosses180') ~= '' or map('type') ~= '' then
		mw.log('Removed parameter used in map definition ' .. map())
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		    local key = (map('skew') ~= '' and 'skew' or '') ..
					(map('lat_skew') ~= '' and 'lat_skew' or '') ..
					(map('crosses180') ~= '' and 'crosses180' or '') ..
					(map('type') ~= '' and 'type' or '')
		    retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with removed parameters|' .. key .. ' ]]'
		end
	end
	if string.find(map('name'), '|', 1, true) then
		mw.log('Pipe used in name of map definition ' .. map())
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		   retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with a name containing a pipe]]'
		end
	end
	if args.float == 'center' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	end
	return retval
end

local function markOuterDiv(x, y, imageDiv, labelDiv, label_size)
	return mw.html.create('div')
		:addClass('od')
		:addClass('notheme') -- T236137
		:cssText('top:' .. round(y, 3) .. '%;left:' .. round(x, 3) .. '%;font-size:' .. label_size .. '%')
		:node(imageDiv)
		:node(labelDiv)
end

local function markImageDiv(mark, marksize, label, link, alt, title)
	local builder = mw.html.create('div')
		:addClass('id')
		:cssText('left:-' .. round(marksize / 2) .. 'px;top:-' .. round(marksize / 2) .. 'px')
		:attr('title', title)
	if marksize ~= 0 then
		builder:wikitext(string.format(
			'[[File:%s|%dx%dpx|%s|link=%s%s|class=notpageimage noviewer]]',
			mark,
			marksize,
			marksize,
			label,
			link,
			alt and ('|alt=' .. alt) or ''
		))
	end
	return builder
end

local function markLabelDiv(label, label_size, label_width, position, background, x, marksize)
	if tonumber(label_size) == 0 then
		return mw.html.create('div'):addClass('l0'):wikitext(label)
	end
	local builder = mw.html.create('div')
		:cssText('width:' .. label_width .. 'em')
	local distance = round(marksize / 2 + 1)
	if position == 'top' then -- specified top
		builder:addClass('pv'):cssText('bottom:' .. distance .. 'px;left:' .. (-label_width / 2) .. 'em')
	elseif position == 'bottom' then -- specified bottom
		builder:addClass('pv'):cssText('top:' .. distance .. 'px;left:' .. (-label_width / 2) .. 'em')
	elseif position == 'left' or (tonumber(x) &gt; 70 and position ~= 'right') then -- specified left or autodetected to left
		builder:addClass('pl'):cssText('right:' .. distance .. 'px')
	else -- specified right or autodetected to right
		builder:addClass('pr'):cssText('left:' .. distance .. 'px')
	end
	builder = builder:tag('div')
		:wikitext(label)
	if background then
		builder:cssText('background-color:' .. background)
	end
	return builder:done()
end

local function getX(longitude, left, right)
	local width = (right - left) % 360
	if width == 0 then
		width = 360
	end
	local distanceFromLeft = (longitude - left) % 360
	-- the distance needed past the map to the right equals distanceFromLeft - width. the distance needed past the map to the left equals 360 - distanceFromLeft. to minimize page stretching, go whichever way is shorter
	if distanceFromLeft - width / 2 &gt;= 180 then
		distanceFromLeft = distanceFromLeft - 360
	end
	return 100 * distanceFromLeft / width
end

local function getY(latitude, top, bottom)
	return 100 * (top - latitude) / (top - bottom)
end

function p.mark(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {wrappers = 'Template:Location map~'})
	end
	local mapnames = {}
	if not map then
		if args[1] then
			map = {}
			for mapname in mw.text.gsplit(args[1], '#', true) do
				map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
				mapnames[#mapnames + 1] = mapname
			end
			if #map == 1 then map = map[1] end
		else
			map = p.getMapParams('World', frame)
			args[1] = 'World'
		end
	end
	if type(map) == 'table' then
		local outputs = {}
		local oldargs = args[1]
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			args[1] = mapnames[k]
			outputs[k] = tostring(p.mark(frame, args, v))
		end
		args[1] = oldargs
		return table.concat(outputs, '#PlaceList#') .. '#PlaceList#'
	end
	local x, y, longitude, latitude
	longitude = decdeg(args.lon_deg, args.lon_min, args.lon_sec, args.lon_dir, args.long, 'longitude')
	latitude = decdeg(args.lat_deg, args.lat_min, args.lat_sec, args.lat_dir, args.lat, 'latitude')
	if args.excludefrom then
		-- If this mark is to be excluded from certain maps entirely (useful in the context of multiple maps)
		for exclusionmap in mw.text.gsplit(args.excludefrom, '#', true) do
			-- Check if this map is excluded. If so, return an empty string.
			if args[1] == exclusionmap then
				return ''
			end
		end
			
	end
	local builder = mw.html.create()
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	if args.coordinates then
--		Temporarily removed to facilitate infobox conversion. See [[Wikipedia:Coordinates in infoboxes]]

--		if longitude or latitude then
--			error('Coordinates from [[Module:Coordinates]] and individual coordinates cannot both be provided')
--		end
		longitude = coord2text('longitude', args.coordinates)
		latitude = coord2text('latitude', args.coordinates)
	elseif not longitude and not latitude and args.useWikidata then
		-- If they didn't provide either coordinate, try Wikidata. If they provided one but not the other, don't.
		local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity()
		if entity and entity.claims and entity.claims.P625 and entity.claims.P625[1].mainsnak.snaktype == 'value' then
			local value = entity.claims.P625[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value
			longitude, latitude = value.longitude, value.latitude
		end
		if args.link and (currentTitle.namespace == 0) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with linked markers with coordinates from Wikidata]]')	
		end
	end
	if not longitude then
		error('No value was provided for longitude')
	elseif not latitude then
		error('No value was provided for latitude')
	end
	if currentTitle.namespace &gt; 0 then
		if (not args.lon_deg) ~= (not args.lat_deg) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Degrees]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_min) ~= (not args.lat_min) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Minutes]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_sec) ~= (not args.lat_sec) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Seconds]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_dir) ~= (not args.lat_dir) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Hemisphere]]')
		elseif (not args.long) ~= (not args.lat) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Decimal]]')
		end
	end
	if ((tonumber(args.lat_deg) or 0) &lt; 0) and ((tonumber(args.lat_min) or 0) ~= 0 or (tonumber(args.lat_sec) or 0) ~= 0 or (args.lat_dir and args.lat_dir ~='')) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if ((tonumber(args.lon_deg) or 0) &lt; 0) and ((tonumber(args.lon_min) or 0) ~= 0 or (tonumber(args.lon_sec) or 0) ~= 0 or (args.lon_dir and args.lon_dir ~= '')) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if (((tonumber(args.lat_min) or 0) &lt; 0) or ((tonumber(args.lat_sec) or 0) &lt; 0)) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if (((tonumber(args.lon_min) or 0) &lt; 0) or ((tonumber(args.lon_sec) or 0) &lt; 0)) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if args.skew or args.lon_shift or args.markhigh then
		mw.log('Removed parameter used in invocation.')
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
			local key = (args.skew and 'skew' or '') ..
						(args.lon_shift and 'lon_shift' or '') ..
						(args.markhigh and 'markhigh' or '')
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with removed parameters|' .. key ..' ]]')
		end
	end
	if map('x') ~= '' then
		x = tonumber(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr(map('x', { latitude, longitude })))
	else
		x = tonumber(getX(longitude, map('left'), map('right')))
	end
	if map('y') ~= '' then
		y = tonumber(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr(map('y', { latitude, longitude })))
	else
		y = tonumber(getY(latitude, map('top'), map('bottom')))
	end
	if (x &lt; 0 or x &gt; 100 or y &lt; 0 or y &gt; 100) and not args.outside then
		mw.log('Mark placed outside map boundaries without outside flag set. x = ' .. x .. ', y = ' .. y)
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
			local key = currentTitle.prefixedText
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with marks outside map and outside parameter not set|' .. key .. ' ]]')
		end
	end
	local mark = args.mark or map('mark')
	if mark == '' then
		mark = 'Red pog.svg'
	end
	local marksize = tonumber(args.marksize) or tonumber(map('marksize')) or 8
	local imageDiv = markImageDiv(mark, marksize, args.label or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text, args.link or '', args.alt, args[2])
	local label_size = args.label_size or 91
	local labelDiv
	if args.label and args.position ~= 'none' then
		labelDiv = markLabelDiv(args.label, label_size, args.label_width or 6, args.position, args.background, x, marksize)
	end
	return builder:node(markOuterDiv(x, y, imageDiv, labelDiv, label_size))
end

local function switcherSeparate(s)
	if s == nil then return {} end
	local retval = {}
	for i in string.gmatch(s .. '#', '([^#]*)#') do
		i = mw.text.trim(i)
		retval[#retval + 1] = (i ~= '' and i)
	end
	return retval
end

function p.infobox_pushpin_map(frame)
	--This function is designed to be invoked from an infobox template
	--* Some parameters (generally starting with &quot;pushpin_&quot;) are meant to be exposed as parameters
	--   in the outer infobox, settable by editors
	--* Others are meant to be &quot;hidden&quot; (e.g., only set inside the infobox template code)
	-- First get the combined arguments from both parent and invocation frame
	local raw_args = getArgs(frame)
	
	--If no map is supplied, return.
	if not raw_args['pushpin_map'] then
		return
	end

	--If no coordinates supplied, return.
	if not raw_args['coordinates'] then
		return
	end

	-- Now get arguments from just the invocation frame
	local frame_args = getArgs(frame,{frameOnly=true})
	
	-- parsed_args will have the resulting merged parameters 
	local parsed_args = {}

	-- Parse the arguments
	parsed_args[1] = raw_args['pushpin_map']
	parsed_args.float = frame_args.float or 'center'
	parsed_args.border = frame_args.border or 'infobox'
	parsed_args.default_width = frame_args.default_width
	parsed_args.max_width = frame_args.max_width
	parsed_args.coordinates = raw_args['coordinates'] 
	parsed_args.caption = raw_args['pushpin_caption']
	parsed_args.relief = raw_args['pushpin_relief']
	parsed_args.label = raw_args['pushpin_label']
	parsed_args.label_size = raw_args['pushpin_label_size']
	parsed_args.position = raw_args['pushpin_label_position']
	parsed_args.mark = raw_args['pushpin_mark']
	parsed_args.marksize = raw_args['pushpin_mark_size']
	parsed_args.alt = raw_args['pushpin_alt']
	parsed_args.background = raw_args['pushpin_background']
	parsed_args.width = raw_args['pushpin_map_size']

	local map = {}
	local caption_list = {}

	for mapname in string.gmatch(parsed_args[1], '[^#]+') do
		map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
	end
	
	if parsed_args['caption'] then
		for caption in mw.text.gsplit(parsed_args['caption'], '##', true) do
			caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = caption
		end
	end
	
	if #map == 1 then 
		map = map[1]
		if not parsed_args.caption then
			parsed_args.caption = 'Location within ' .. map('name')
		end
	end

	if type(map) == 'table' then
		mw.log('----')
		mw.logObject(map)
		if #caption_list &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d captions were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #caption_list, #map))
		elseif not parsed_args.caption then
			-- Set a default caption for each of the multiple maps
			for i=1, #map do
				caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = 'Location within '.. map[i]('name')
			end
		end
		
		local outputs = {}
		parsed_args.autoSwitcherLabel = true
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			parsed_args.caption = caption_list[k]
			outputs[k] = p.main(frame, parsed_args, v)
		end
		return '&lt;div class=&quot;switcher-container&quot;&gt;' .. table.concat(outputs) .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return p.top(frame, parsed_args, map) .. tostring( p.mark(frame, parsed_args, map) ) .. p.bottom(frame, parsed_args, map)
	end
end

function p.main(frame, args, map)
	local caption_list = {}
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {wrappers = 'Template:Location map', valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if args.useWikidata == nil then
		args.useWikidata = true
	end
	if not map then
		if args[1] then
			map = {}
			for mapname in string.gmatch(args[1], '[^#]+') do
				map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
			end
			if args['caption'] then
				if args['caption'] == &quot;&quot; then
					while #caption_list &lt; #map do
						caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = args['caption']
					end
				else
					for caption in mw.text.gsplit(args['caption'], '##', true) do
						caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = caption
					end
				end
			end
			if #map == 1 then map = map[1] end
		else
			map = p.getMapParams('World', frame)
		end
	end
	if type(map) == 'table' then
		local altmaps = switcherSeparate(args.AlternativeMap)
		if #altmaps &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d AlternativeMaps were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #altmaps, #map))
		end
		local overlays = switcherSeparate(args.overlay_image)
		if #overlays &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d overlay_images were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #overlays, #map))
		end
		if #caption_list &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d captions were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #caption_list, #map))
		end
		local outputs = {}
		args.autoSwitcherLabel = true
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			args.AlternativeMap = altmaps[k]
			args.overlay_image = overlays[k]
			args.caption = caption_list[k]
			outputs[k] = p.main(frame, args, v)
		end
		return '&lt;div class=&quot;switcher-container&quot;&gt;' .. table.concat(outputs) .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return p.top(frame, args, map) .. tostring( p.mark(frame, args, map) ) .. p.bottom(frame, args, map)
	end
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>tgdle0j182lehv0lh71p2o7sx60kwdq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305253</id>
      <parentid>7305250</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:27:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added prefix</comment>
      <origin>7305253</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="24897" sha1="5uzjhc64ms09fik86fj1rhrhvzawuq1" xml:space="preserve">require('strict')

local p = {}

local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs

local function round(n, decimals)
	local pow = 10^(decimals or 0)
	return math.floor(n * pow + 0.5) / pow
end

function p.getMapParams(map, frame)
	if not map then
		error('The name of the location map definition to use must be specified', 2)
	end
	local moduletitle = mw.title.new('Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map)
	if not moduletitle then
		error(string.format('%q is not a valid name for a location map definition', map), 2)
	elseif moduletitle.exists then
		local mapData = mw.loadData('Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map)
		return function(name, params)
			if name == nil then
				return 'Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map
			elseif mapData[name] == nil then
				return ''
			elseif params then
				return mw.message.newRawMessage(tostring(mapData[name]), unpack(params)):plain()
			else
				return mapData[name]
			end
		end
	else
		error('Unable to find the specified location map definition: &quot;Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map .. '&quot; does not exist', 2)
	end
end

function p.data(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = true})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local params = {}
	for k,v in ipairs(args) do
		if k &gt; 2 then
			params[k-2] = v
		end
	end
	return map(args[2], #params ~= 0 and params)
end

local hemisphereMultipliers = {
	longitude = { W = -1, w = -1, E = 1, e = 1 },
	latitude = { S = -1, s = -1, N = 1, n = 1 }
}

local function decdeg(degrees, minutes, seconds, hemisphere, decimal, direction)
	if decimal then
		if degrees then
			error('Decimal and DMS degrees cannot both be provided for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif minutes then
			error('Minutes can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif seconds then
			error('Seconds can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif hemisphere then
			error('A hemisphere can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		end
		local retval = tonumber(decimal)
		if retval then
			return retval
		end
		error('The value &quot;' .. decimal .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif seconds and not minutes then
		error('Seconds were provided for ' .. direction .. ' without minutes also being provided', 2)
	elseif not degrees then
		if minutes then
			error('Minutes were provided for ' .. direction .. ' without degrees also being provided', 2)
		elseif hemisphere then
			error('A hemisphere was provided for ' .. direction .. ' without degrees also being provided', 2)
		end
		return nil
	end
	decimal = tonumber(degrees)
	if not decimal then
		error('The degree value &quot;' .. degrees .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif minutes and not tonumber(minutes) then
		error('The minute value &quot;' .. minutes .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif seconds and not tonumber(seconds) then
		error('The second value &quot;' .. seconds .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	end
	decimal = decimal + (minutes or 0)/60 + (seconds or 0)/3600
	if hemisphere then
		local multiplier = hemisphereMultipliers[direction][hemisphere]
		if not multiplier then
			error('The hemisphere &quot;' .. hemisphere .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
		end
		decimal = decimal * multiplier
	end
	return decimal
end

-- Finds a parameter in a transclusion of {{Coord}}.
local function coord2text(para,coord) -- this should be changed for languages which do not use Arabic numerals or the degree sign
	local lat, long = mw.ustring.match(coord,'&lt;span class=&quot;p%-latitude latitude&quot;&gt;([^&lt;]+)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p%-longitude longitude&quot;&gt;([^&lt;]+)&lt;/span&gt;')
	if lat then
		return tonumber(para == 'longitude' and long or lat)
	end
	local result = mw.text.split(mw.ustring.match(coord,'%-?[%.%d]+°[NS] %-?[%.%d]+°[EW]') or '', '[ °]')
	if para == 'longitude' then result = {result[3], result[4]} end
	if not tonumber(result[1]) or not result[2] then
		mw.log('Malformed coordinates value')
		mw.logObject(para, 'para')
		mw.logObject(coord, 'coord')
		return error('Malformed coordinates value', 2)
	end
	return tonumber(result[1]) * hemisphereMultipliers[para][result[2]]
end

-- effectively make removeBlanks false for caption and maplink, and true for everything else
-- if useWikidata is present but blank, convert it to false instead of nil
-- p.top, p.bottom, and their callers need to use this
function p.valueFunc(key, value)
	if value then
		value = mw.text.trim(value)
	end
	if value ~= '' or key == 'caption' or key == 'maplink' then
		return value
	elseif key == 'useWikidata' then
		return false
	end
end

local function getContainerImage(args, map)
	if args.AlternativeMap then
		return args.AlternativeMap
	elseif args.relief then
        local digits = mw.ustring.match(args.relief,'^[1-9][0-9]?$') or '1' -- image1 to image99
        if map('image' .. digits) ~= '' then
            return map('image' .. digits)
        end
	end
    return map('image')
end

function p.top(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = true, valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local width
	local default_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(args.default_width),&quot;%d*&quot;))
	if not args.width then
		width = round((default_as_number or 240) * (tonumber(map('defaultscale')) or 1))
	elseif mw.ustring.sub(args.width, -2) == 'px' then
		width = mw.ustring.sub(args.width, 1, -3)
	else
		width = args.width
	end
	local width_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(width),&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
    if width_as_number == 0 then
    	-- check to see if width is junk. If it is, then use default calculation
    	width = round((default_as_number or 240) * (tonumber(map('defaultscale')) or 1))
    	width_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(width),&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
    end	
    if args.max_width ~= &quot;&quot; and args.max_width ~= nil then
        -- check to see if width bigger than max_width
        local max_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(args.max_width,&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
        if width_as_number&gt;max_as_number and max_as_number&gt;0 then
            width = args.max_width;
        end
    end
	local retval = frame:extensionTag{name = 'templatestyles', args = {src = 'Module:Wp/pih/Location map/styles.css'}}
	if args.float == 'center' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;'
	end
	if args.caption and args.caption ~= '' and args.border ~= 'infobox' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;locmap noresize thumb '
		if args.float == '&quot;left&quot;' or args.float == 'left' then
			retval = retval .. 'floatleft'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;center&quot;' or args.float == 'center' or args.float == '&quot;none&quot;' or args.float == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. 'tnone'
		else
			retval = retval .. 'floatright'
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbinner&quot; style=&quot;width:' .. (width + 2) .. 'px'
		if args.border == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. ';border:none'
		elseif args.border then
			retval = retval .. ';border-color:' .. args.border
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:' .. width .. 'px' .. (args.border ~= 'none' and ';border:1px solid lightgray&quot;&gt;' or '&quot;&gt;')
	else
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:' .. width .. 'px;'
		if args.float == '&quot;left&quot;' or args.float == 'left' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:left;clear:left'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;center&quot;' or args.float == 'center' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;none&quot;' or args.float == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:none;clear:none'
		else
			retval = retval .. 'float:right;clear:right'
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:' .. width .. 'px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:' .. width .. 'px&quot;&gt;'
	end
	local image = getContainerImage(args, map)
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	retval = string.format(
		'%s[[File:%s|%spx|%s%s|class=notpageimage noviewer]]',
		retval,
		image,
		width,
		args.alt or ((args.label or currentTitle.text) .. ' is located in ' .. map('name')),
		args.maplink and ('|link=' .. args.maplink) or ''
	)
	if args.caption and args.caption ~= '' then
		if (currentTitle.namespace == 0) and mw.ustring.find(args.caption, '##') then
			retval = retval .. '[[Category:Pages using location map with a double number sign in the caption]]'
		end
	end
	if args.overlay_image then
		return retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;position:absolute;top:0;left:0&quot;&gt;[[File:' .. args.overlay_image .. '|' .. width .. 'px|class=notpageimage noviewer]]&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return retval
	end
end

function p.bottom(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = true, valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local retval = '&lt;/div&gt;'
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	if not args.caption or args.border == 'infobox' then
		if args.border then
			retval = retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;'
		else
			retval = retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:91%;padding-top:3px&quot;&gt;'
		end
		retval = retval
		.. (args.caption or (args.label or currentTitle.text) .. ' (' .. map('name') .. ')')
		.. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	elseif args.caption ~= ''  then
		-- This is not the pipe trick. We're creating a link with no text on purpose, so that CSS can give us a nice image
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;magnify&quot;&gt;[[:File:' .. getContainerImage(args, map) .. '| ]]&lt;/div&gt;' .. args.caption .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	end

	if args.switcherLabel then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;span class=&quot;switcher-label&quot; style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;' .. args.switcherLabel .. '&lt;/span&gt;'
	elseif args.autoSwitcherLabel then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;span class=&quot;switcher-label&quot; style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;Show map of ' .. map('name') .. '&lt;/span&gt;'
	end
	
	retval = retval .. '&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'
	if args.caption_undefined then
		mw.log('Removed parameter caption_undefined used.')
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		    retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with removed parameters|caption_undefined]]'
		end
	end
	if map('skew') ~= '' or map('lat_skew') ~= '' or map('crosses180') ~= '' or map('type') ~= '' then
		mw.log('Removed parameter used in map definition ' .. map())
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		    local key = (map('skew') ~= '' and 'skew' or '') ..
					(map('lat_skew') ~= '' and 'lat_skew' or '') ..
					(map('crosses180') ~= '' and 'crosses180' or '') ..
					(map('type') ~= '' and 'type' or '')
		    retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with removed parameters|' .. key .. ' ]]'
		end
	end
	if string.find(map('name'), '|', 1, true) then
		mw.log('Pipe used in name of map definition ' .. map())
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		   retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with a name containing a pipe]]'
		end
	end
	if args.float == 'center' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	end
	return retval
end

local function markOuterDiv(x, y, imageDiv, labelDiv, label_size)
	return mw.html.create('div')
		:addClass('od')
		:addClass('notheme') -- T236137
		:cssText('top:' .. round(y, 3) .. '%;left:' .. round(x, 3) .. '%;font-size:' .. label_size .. '%')
		:node(imageDiv)
		:node(labelDiv)
end

local function markImageDiv(mark, marksize, label, link, alt, title)
	local builder = mw.html.create('div')
		:addClass('id')
		:cssText('left:-' .. round(marksize / 2) .. 'px;top:-' .. round(marksize / 2) .. 'px')
		:attr('title', title)
	if marksize ~= 0 then
		builder:wikitext(string.format(
			'[[File:%s|%dx%dpx|%s|link=%s%s|class=notpageimage noviewer]]',
			mark,
			marksize,
			marksize,
			label,
			link,
			alt and ('|alt=' .. alt) or ''
		))
	end
	return builder
end

local function markLabelDiv(label, label_size, label_width, position, background, x, marksize)
	if tonumber(label_size) == 0 then
		return mw.html.create('div'):addClass('l0'):wikitext(label)
	end
	local builder = mw.html.create('div')
		:cssText('width:' .. label_width .. 'em')
	local distance = round(marksize / 2 + 1)
	if position == 'top' then -- specified top
		builder:addClass('pv'):cssText('bottom:' .. distance .. 'px;left:' .. (-label_width / 2) .. 'em')
	elseif position == 'bottom' then -- specified bottom
		builder:addClass('pv'):cssText('top:' .. distance .. 'px;left:' .. (-label_width / 2) .. 'em')
	elseif position == 'left' or (tonumber(x) &gt; 70 and position ~= 'right') then -- specified left or autodetected to left
		builder:addClass('pl'):cssText('right:' .. distance .. 'px')
	else -- specified right or autodetected to right
		builder:addClass('pr'):cssText('left:' .. distance .. 'px')
	end
	builder = builder:tag('div')
		:wikitext(label)
	if background then
		builder:cssText('background-color:' .. background)
	end
	return builder:done()
end

local function getX(longitude, left, right)
	local width = (right - left) % 360
	if width == 0 then
		width = 360
	end
	local distanceFromLeft = (longitude - left) % 360
	-- the distance needed past the map to the right equals distanceFromLeft - width. the distance needed past the map to the left equals 360 - distanceFromLeft. to minimize page stretching, go whichever way is shorter
	if distanceFromLeft - width / 2 &gt;= 180 then
		distanceFromLeft = distanceFromLeft - 360
	end
	return 100 * distanceFromLeft / width
end

local function getY(latitude, top, bottom)
	return 100 * (top - latitude) / (top - bottom)
end

function p.mark(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {wrappers = 'Template:Location map~'})
	end
	local mapnames = {}
	if not map then
		if args[1] then
			map = {}
			for mapname in mw.text.gsplit(args[1], '#', true) do
				map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
				mapnames[#mapnames + 1] = mapname
			end
			if #map == 1 then map = map[1] end
		else
			map = p.getMapParams('World', frame)
			args[1] = 'World'
		end
	end
	if type(map) == 'table' then
		local outputs = {}
		local oldargs = args[1]
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			args[1] = mapnames[k]
			outputs[k] = tostring(p.mark(frame, args, v))
		end
		args[1] = oldargs
		return table.concat(outputs, '#PlaceList#') .. '#PlaceList#'
	end
	local x, y, longitude, latitude
	longitude = decdeg(args.lon_deg, args.lon_min, args.lon_sec, args.lon_dir, args.long, 'longitude')
	latitude = decdeg(args.lat_deg, args.lat_min, args.lat_sec, args.lat_dir, args.lat, 'latitude')
	if args.excludefrom then
		-- If this mark is to be excluded from certain maps entirely (useful in the context of multiple maps)
		for exclusionmap in mw.text.gsplit(args.excludefrom, '#', true) do
			-- Check if this map is excluded. If so, return an empty string.
			if args[1] == exclusionmap then
				return ''
			end
		end
			
	end
	local builder = mw.html.create()
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	if args.coordinates then
--		Temporarily removed to facilitate infobox conversion. See [[Wikipedia:Coordinates in infoboxes]]

--		if longitude or latitude then
--			error('Coordinates from [[Module:Coordinates]] and individual coordinates cannot both be provided')
--		end
		longitude = coord2text('longitude', args.coordinates)
		latitude = coord2text('latitude', args.coordinates)
	elseif not longitude and not latitude and args.useWikidata then
		-- If they didn't provide either coordinate, try Wikidata. If they provided one but not the other, don't.
		local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity()
		if entity and entity.claims and entity.claims.P625 and entity.claims.P625[1].mainsnak.snaktype == 'value' then
			local value = entity.claims.P625[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value
			longitude, latitude = value.longitude, value.latitude
		end
		if args.link and (currentTitle.namespace == 0) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with linked markers with coordinates from Wikidata]]')	
		end
	end
	if not longitude then
		error('No value was provided for longitude')
	elseif not latitude then
		error('No value was provided for latitude')
	end
	if currentTitle.namespace &gt; 0 then
		if (not args.lon_deg) ~= (not args.lat_deg) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Degrees]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_min) ~= (not args.lat_min) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Minutes]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_sec) ~= (not args.lat_sec) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Seconds]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_dir) ~= (not args.lat_dir) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Hemisphere]]')
		elseif (not args.long) ~= (not args.lat) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Decimal]]')
		end
	end
	if ((tonumber(args.lat_deg) or 0) &lt; 0) and ((tonumber(args.lat_min) or 0) ~= 0 or (tonumber(args.lat_sec) or 0) ~= 0 or (args.lat_dir and args.lat_dir ~='')) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if ((tonumber(args.lon_deg) or 0) &lt; 0) and ((tonumber(args.lon_min) or 0) ~= 0 or (tonumber(args.lon_sec) or 0) ~= 0 or (args.lon_dir and args.lon_dir ~= '')) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if (((tonumber(args.lat_min) or 0) &lt; 0) or ((tonumber(args.lat_sec) or 0) &lt; 0)) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if (((tonumber(args.lon_min) or 0) &lt; 0) or ((tonumber(args.lon_sec) or 0) &lt; 0)) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if args.skew or args.lon_shift or args.markhigh then
		mw.log('Removed parameter used in invocation.')
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
			local key = (args.skew and 'skew' or '') ..
						(args.lon_shift and 'lon_shift' or '') ..
						(args.markhigh and 'markhigh' or '')
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with removed parameters|' .. key ..' ]]')
		end
	end
	if map('x') ~= '' then
		x = tonumber(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr(map('x', { latitude, longitude })))
	else
		x = tonumber(getX(longitude, map('left'), map('right')))
	end
	if map('y') ~= '' then
		y = tonumber(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr(map('y', { latitude, longitude })))
	else
		y = tonumber(getY(latitude, map('top'), map('bottom')))
	end
	if (x &lt; 0 or x &gt; 100 or y &lt; 0 or y &gt; 100) and not args.outside then
		mw.log('Mark placed outside map boundaries without outside flag set. x = ' .. x .. ', y = ' .. y)
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
			local key = currentTitle.prefixedText
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Location maps with marks outside map and outside parameter not set|' .. key .. ' ]]')
		end
	end
	local mark = args.mark or map('mark')
	if mark == '' then
		mark = 'Red pog.svg'
	end
	local marksize = tonumber(args.marksize) or tonumber(map('marksize')) or 8
	local imageDiv = markImageDiv(mark, marksize, args.label or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text, args.link or '', args.alt, args[2])
	local label_size = args.label_size or 91
	local labelDiv
	if args.label and args.position ~= 'none' then
		labelDiv = markLabelDiv(args.label, label_size, args.label_width or 6, args.position, args.background, x, marksize)
	end
	return builder:node(markOuterDiv(x, y, imageDiv, labelDiv, label_size))
end

local function switcherSeparate(s)
	if s == nil then return {} end
	local retval = {}
	for i in string.gmatch(s .. '#', '([^#]*)#') do
		i = mw.text.trim(i)
		retval[#retval + 1] = (i ~= '' and i)
	end
	return retval
end

function p.infobox_pushpin_map(frame)
	--This function is designed to be invoked from an infobox template
	--* Some parameters (generally starting with &quot;pushpin_&quot;) are meant to be exposed as parameters
	--   in the outer infobox, settable by editors
	--* Others are meant to be &quot;hidden&quot; (e.g., only set inside the infobox template code)
	-- First get the combined arguments from both parent and invocation frame
	local raw_args = getArgs(frame)
	
	--If no map is supplied, return.
	if not raw_args['pushpin_map'] then
		return
	end

	--If no coordinates supplied, return.
	if not raw_args['coordinates'] then
		return
	end

	-- Now get arguments from just the invocation frame
	local frame_args = getArgs(frame,{frameOnly=true})
	
	-- parsed_args will have the resulting merged parameters 
	local parsed_args = {}

	-- Parse the arguments
	parsed_args[1] = raw_args['pushpin_map']
	parsed_args.float = frame_args.float or 'center'
	parsed_args.border = frame_args.border or 'infobox'
	parsed_args.default_width = frame_args.default_width
	parsed_args.max_width = frame_args.max_width
	parsed_args.coordinates = raw_args['coordinates'] 
	parsed_args.caption = raw_args['pushpin_caption']
	parsed_args.relief = raw_args['pushpin_relief']
	parsed_args.label = raw_args['pushpin_label']
	parsed_args.label_size = raw_args['pushpin_label_size']
	parsed_args.position = raw_args['pushpin_label_position']
	parsed_args.mark = raw_args['pushpin_mark']
	parsed_args.marksize = raw_args['pushpin_mark_size']
	parsed_args.alt = raw_args['pushpin_alt']
	parsed_args.background = raw_args['pushpin_background']
	parsed_args.width = raw_args['pushpin_map_size']

	local map = {}
	local caption_list = {}

	for mapname in string.gmatch(parsed_args[1], '[^#]+') do
		map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
	end
	
	if parsed_args['caption'] then
		for caption in mw.text.gsplit(parsed_args['caption'], '##', true) do
			caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = caption
		end
	end
	
	if #map == 1 then 
		map = map[1]
		if not parsed_args.caption then
			parsed_args.caption = 'Location within ' .. map('name')
		end
	end

	if type(map) == 'table' then
		mw.log('----')
		mw.logObject(map)
		if #caption_list &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d captions were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #caption_list, #map))
		elseif not parsed_args.caption then
			-- Set a default caption for each of the multiple maps
			for i=1, #map do
				caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = 'Location within '.. map[i]('name')
			end
		end
		
		local outputs = {}
		parsed_args.autoSwitcherLabel = true
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			parsed_args.caption = caption_list[k]
			outputs[k] = p.main(frame, parsed_args, v)
		end
		return '&lt;div class=&quot;switcher-container&quot;&gt;' .. table.concat(outputs) .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return p.top(frame, parsed_args, map) .. tostring( p.mark(frame, parsed_args, map) ) .. p.bottom(frame, parsed_args, map)
	end
end

function p.main(frame, args, map)
	local caption_list = {}
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {wrappers = 'Template:Location map', valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if args.useWikidata == nil then
		args.useWikidata = true
	end
	if not map then
		if args[1] then
			map = {}
			for mapname in string.gmatch(args[1], '[^#]+') do
				map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
			end
			if args['caption'] then
				if args['caption'] == &quot;&quot; then
					while #caption_list &lt; #map do
						caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = args['caption']
					end
				else
					for caption in mw.text.gsplit(args['caption'], '##', true) do
						caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = caption
					end
				end
			end
			if #map == 1 then map = map[1] end
		else
			map = p.getMapParams('World', frame)
		end
	end
	if type(map) == 'table' then
		local altmaps = switcherSeparate(args.AlternativeMap)
		if #altmaps &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d AlternativeMaps were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #altmaps, #map))
		end
		local overlays = switcherSeparate(args.overlay_image)
		if #overlays &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d overlay_images were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #overlays, #map))
		end
		if #caption_list &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d captions were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #caption_list, #map))
		end
		local outputs = {}
		args.autoSwitcherLabel = true
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			args.AlternativeMap = altmaps[k]
			args.overlay_image = overlays[k]
			args.caption = caption_list[k]
			outputs[k] = p.main(frame, args, v)
		end
		return '&lt;div class=&quot;switcher-container&quot;&gt;' .. table.concat(outputs) .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return p.top(frame, args, map) .. tostring( p.mark(frame, args, map) ) .. p.bottom(frame, args, map)
	end
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>5uzjhc64ms09fik86fj1rhrhvzawuq1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305266</id>
      <parentid>7305253</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:38:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305266</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="25120" sha1="nchdkf5l3nb28ebmuu4xrrhvhamo61n" xml:space="preserve">require('strict')

local p = {}

local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs

local function round(n, decimals)
	local pow = 10^(decimals or 0)
	return math.floor(n * pow + 0.5) / pow
end

function p.getMapParams(map, frame)
	if not map then
		error('The name of the location map definition to use must be specified', 2)
	end
	local moduletitle = mw.title.new('Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map)
	if not moduletitle then
		error(string.format('%q is not a valid name for a location map definition', map), 2)
	elseif moduletitle.exists then
		local mapData = mw.loadData('Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map)
		return function(name, params)
			if name == nil then
				return 'Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map
			elseif mapData[name] == nil then
				return ''
			elseif params then
				return mw.message.newRawMessage(tostring(mapData[name]), unpack(params)):plain()
			else
				return mapData[name]
			end
		end
	else
		error('Unable to find the specified location map definition: &quot;Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map .. '&quot; does not exist', 2)
	end
end

function p.data(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = true})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local params = {}
	for k,v in ipairs(args) do
		if k &gt; 2 then
			params[k-2] = v
		end
	end
	return map(args[2], #params ~= 0 and params)
end

local hemisphereMultipliers = {
	longitude = { W = -1, w = -1, E = 1, e = 1 },
	latitude = { S = -1, s = -1, N = 1, n = 1 }
}

local function decdeg(degrees, minutes, seconds, hemisphere, decimal, direction)
	if decimal then
		if degrees then
			error('Decimal and DMS degrees cannot both be provided for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif minutes then
			error('Minutes can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif seconds then
			error('Seconds can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif hemisphere then
			error('A hemisphere can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		end
		local retval = tonumber(decimal)
		if retval then
			return retval
		end
		error('The value &quot;' .. decimal .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif seconds and not minutes then
		error('Seconds were provided for ' .. direction .. ' without minutes also being provided', 2)
	elseif not degrees then
		if minutes then
			error('Minutes were provided for ' .. direction .. ' without degrees also being provided', 2)
		elseif hemisphere then
			error('A hemisphere was provided for ' .. direction .. ' without degrees also being provided', 2)
		end
		return nil
	end
	decimal = tonumber(degrees)
	if not decimal then
		error('The degree value &quot;' .. degrees .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif minutes and not tonumber(minutes) then
		error('The minute value &quot;' .. minutes .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif seconds and not tonumber(seconds) then
		error('The second value &quot;' .. seconds .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	end
	decimal = decimal + (minutes or 0)/60 + (seconds or 0)/3600
	if hemisphere then
		local multiplier = hemisphereMultipliers[direction][hemisphere]
		if not multiplier then
			error('The hemisphere &quot;' .. hemisphere .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
		end
		decimal = decimal * multiplier
	end
	return decimal
end

-- Finds a parameter in a transclusion of {{Coord}}.
local function coord2text(para,coord) -- this should be changed for languages which do not use Arabic numerals or the degree sign
	local lat, long = mw.ustring.match(coord,'&lt;span class=&quot;p%-latitude latitude&quot;&gt;([^&lt;]+)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p%-longitude longitude&quot;&gt;([^&lt;]+)&lt;/span&gt;')
	if lat then
		return tonumber(para == 'longitude' and long or lat)
	end
	local result = mw.text.split(mw.ustring.match(coord,'%-?[%.%d]+°[NS] %-?[%.%d]+°[EW]') or '', '[ °]')
	if para == 'longitude' then result = {result[3], result[4]} end
	if not tonumber(result[1]) or not result[2] then
		mw.log('Malformed coordinates value')
		mw.logObject(para, 'para')
		mw.logObject(coord, 'coord')
		return error('Malformed coordinates value', 2)
	end
	return tonumber(result[1]) * hemisphereMultipliers[para][result[2]]
end

-- effectively make removeBlanks false for caption and maplink, and true for everything else
-- if useWikidata is present but blank, convert it to false instead of nil
-- p.top, p.bottom, and their callers need to use this
function p.valueFunc(key, value)
	if value then
		value = mw.text.trim(value)
	end
	if value ~= '' or key == 'caption' or key == 'maplink' then
		return value
	elseif key == 'useWikidata' then
		return false
	end
end

local function getContainerImage(args, map)
	if args.AlternativeMap then
		return args.AlternativeMap
	elseif args.relief then
        local digits = mw.ustring.match(args.relief,'^[1-9][0-9]?$') or '1' -- image1 to image99
        if map('image' .. digits) ~= '' then
            return map('image' .. digits)
        end
	end
    return map('image')
end

function p.top(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = true, valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local width
	local default_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(args.default_width),&quot;%d*&quot;))
	if not args.width then
		width = round((default_as_number or 240) * (tonumber(map('defaultscale')) or 1))
	elseif mw.ustring.sub(args.width, -2) == 'px' then
		width = mw.ustring.sub(args.width, 1, -3)
	else
		width = args.width
	end
	local width_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(width),&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
    if width_as_number == 0 then
    	-- check to see if width is junk. If it is, then use default calculation
    	width = round((default_as_number or 240) * (tonumber(map('defaultscale')) or 1))
    	width_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(width),&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
    end	
    if args.max_width ~= &quot;&quot; and args.max_width ~= nil then
        -- check to see if width bigger than max_width
        local max_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(args.max_width,&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
        if width_as_number&gt;max_as_number and max_as_number&gt;0 then
            width = args.max_width;
        end
    end
	local retval = frame:extensionTag{name = 'templatestyles', args = {src = 'Module:Wp/pih/Location map/styles.css'}}
	if args.float == 'center' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;'
	end
	if args.caption and args.caption ~= '' and args.border ~= 'infobox' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;locmap noresize thumb '
		if args.float == '&quot;left&quot;' or args.float == 'left' then
			retval = retval .. 'floatleft'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;center&quot;' or args.float == 'center' or args.float == '&quot;none&quot;' or args.float == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. 'tnone'
		else
			retval = retval .. 'floatright'
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbinner&quot; style=&quot;width:' .. (width + 2) .. 'px'
		if args.border == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. ';border:none'
		elseif args.border then
			retval = retval .. ';border-color:' .. args.border
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:' .. width .. 'px' .. (args.border ~= 'none' and ';border:1px solid lightgray&quot;&gt;' or '&quot;&gt;')
	else
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:' .. width .. 'px;'
		if args.float == '&quot;left&quot;' or args.float == 'left' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:left;clear:left'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;center&quot;' or args.float == 'center' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;none&quot;' or args.float == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:none;clear:none'
		else
			retval = retval .. 'float:right;clear:right'
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:' .. width .. 'px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:' .. width .. 'px&quot;&gt;'
	end
	local image = getContainerImage(args, map)
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	retval = string.format(
		'%s[[File:%s|%spx|%s%s|class=notpageimage noviewer]]',
		retval,
		image,
		width,
		args.alt or ((args.label or currentTitle.text) .. ' is located in ' .. map('name')),
		args.maplink and ('|link=' .. args.maplink) or ''
	)
	if args.caption and args.caption ~= '' then
		if (currentTitle.namespace == 0) and mw.ustring.find(args.caption, '##') then
			retval = retval .. '[[Category:Pages using location map with a double number sign in the caption]]'
		end
	end
	if args.overlay_image then
		return retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;position:absolute;top:0;left:0&quot;&gt;[[File:' .. args.overlay_image .. '|' .. width .. 'px|class=notpageimage noviewer]]&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return retval
	end
end

function p.bottom(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = true, valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local retval = '&lt;/div&gt;'
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	if not args.caption or args.border == 'infobox' then
		if args.border then
			retval = retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;'
		else
			retval = retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:91%;padding-top:3px&quot;&gt;'
		end
		retval = retval
		.. (args.caption or (args.label or currentTitle.text) .. ' (' .. map('name') .. ')')
		.. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	elseif args.caption ~= ''  then
		-- This is not the pipe trick. We're creating a link with no text on purpose, so that CSS can give us a nice image
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;magnify&quot;&gt;[[:File:' .. getContainerImage(args, map) .. '| ]]&lt;/div&gt;' .. args.caption .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	end

	if args.switcherLabel then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;span class=&quot;switcher-label&quot; style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;' .. args.switcherLabel .. '&lt;/span&gt;'
	elseif args.autoSwitcherLabel then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;span class=&quot;switcher-label&quot; style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;Show map of ' .. map('name') .. '&lt;/span&gt;'
	end
	
	retval = retval .. '&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'
	if args.caption_undefined then
		mw.log('Removed parameter caption_undefined used.')
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		    retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with removed parameters|caption_undefined]]'
		end
	end
	if map('skew') ~= '' or map('lat_skew') ~= '' or map('crosses180') ~= '' or map('type') ~= '' then
		mw.log('Removed parameter used in map definition ' .. map())
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		    local key = (map('skew') ~= '' and 'skew' or '') ..
					(map('lat_skew') ~= '' and 'lat_skew' or '') ..
					(map('crosses180') ~= '' and 'crosses180' or '') ..
					(map('type') ~= '' and 'type' or '')
		    retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with removed parameters|' .. key .. ' ]]'
		end
	end
	if string.find(map('name'), '|', 1, true) then
		mw.log('Pipe used in name of map definition ' .. map())
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		   retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with a name containing a pipe]]'
		end
	end
	if args.float == 'center' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	end
	return retval
end

local function markOuterDiv(x, y, imageDiv, labelDiv, label_size)
	return mw.html.create('div')
		:addClass('od')
		:addClass('notheme') -- T236137
		:cssText('top:' .. round(y, 3) .. '%;left:' .. round(x, 3) .. '%;font-size:' .. label_size .. '%')
		:node(imageDiv)
		:node(labelDiv)
end

local function markImageDiv(mark, marksize, label, link, alt, title)
	local builder = mw.html.create('div')
		:addClass('id')
		:cssText('left:-' .. round(marksize / 2) .. 'px;top:-' .. round(marksize / 2) .. 'px')
		:attr('title', title)
	if marksize ~= 0 then
		builder:wikitext(string.format(
			'[[File:%s|%dx%dpx|%s|link=%s%s|class=notpageimage noviewer]]',
			mark,
			marksize,
			marksize,
			label,
			link,
			alt and ('|alt=' .. alt) or ''
		))
	end
	return builder
end

local function markLabelDiv(label, label_size, label_width, position, background, x, marksize)
	if tonumber(label_size) == 0 then
		return mw.html.create('div'):addClass('l0'):wikitext(label)
	end
	local builder = mw.html.create('div')
		:cssText('width:' .. label_width .. 'em')
	local distance = round(marksize / 2 + 1)
	if position == 'top' then -- specified top
		builder:addClass('pv'):cssText('bottom:' .. distance .. 'px;left:' .. (-label_width / 2) .. 'em')
	elseif position == 'bottom' then -- specified bottom
		builder:addClass('pv'):cssText('top:' .. distance .. 'px;left:' .. (-label_width / 2) .. 'em')
	elseif position == 'left' or (tonumber(x) &gt; 70 and position ~= 'right') then -- specified left or autodetected to left
		builder:addClass('pl'):cssText('right:' .. distance .. 'px')
	else -- specified right or autodetected to right
		builder:addClass('pr'):cssText('left:' .. distance .. 'px')
	end
	builder = builder:tag('div')
		:wikitext(label)
	if background then
		builder:cssText('background-color:' .. background)
	end
	return builder:done()
end

local function getX(longitude, left, right)
	local width = (right - left) % 360
	if width == 0 then
		width = 360
	end
	local distanceFromLeft = (longitude - left) % 360
	-- the distance needed past the map to the right equals distanceFromLeft - width. the distance needed past the map to the left equals 360 - distanceFromLeft. to minimize page stretching, go whichever way is shorter
	if distanceFromLeft - width / 2 &gt;= 180 then
		distanceFromLeft = distanceFromLeft - 360
	end
	return 100 * distanceFromLeft / width
end

local function getY(latitude, top, bottom)
	return 100 * (top - latitude) / (top - bottom)
end

function p.mark(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {wrappers = 'Template:Location map~'})
	end
	local mapnames = {}
	if not map then
		if args[1] then
			map = {}
			for mapname in mw.text.gsplit(args[1], '#', true) do
				map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
				mapnames[#mapnames + 1] = mapname
			end
			if #map == 1 then map = map[1] end
		else
			map = p.getMapParams('World', frame)
			args[1] = 'World'
		end
	end
	if type(map) == 'table' then
		local outputs = {}
		local oldargs = args[1]
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			args[1] = mapnames[k]
			outputs[k] = tostring(p.mark(frame, args, v))
		end
		args[1] = oldargs
		return table.concat(outputs, '#PlaceList#') .. '#PlaceList#'
	end
	local x, y, longitude, latitude
	longitude = decdeg(args.lon_deg, args.lon_min, args.lon_sec, args.lon_dir, args.long or args.lng or args.lon or (frame and frame.args and frame.args.long), 'longitude')
	latitude = decdeg(args.lat_deg, args.lat_min, args.lat_sec, args.lat_dir, args.lat or args.latitude or (frame and frame.args and frame.args.lat), 'latitude')
	if args.excludefrom then
		-- If this mark is to be excluded from certain maps entirely (useful in the context of multiple maps)
		for exclusionmap in mw.text.gsplit(args.excludefrom, '#', true) do
			-- Check if this map is excluded. If so, return an empty string.
			if args[1] == exclusionmap then
				return ''
			end
		end
			
	end
	local builder = mw.html.create()
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	if args.coordinates then
--		Temporarily removed to facilitate infobox conversion. See [[Wikipedia:Coordinates in infoboxes]]

--		if longitude or latitude then
--			error('Coordinates from [[Module:Coordinates]] and individual coordinates cannot both be provided')
--		end
		longitude = coord2text('longitude', args.coordinates)
		latitude = coord2text('latitude', args.coordinates)
	elseif not longitude and not latitude and args.useWikidata then
		-- If they didn't provide either coordinate, try Wikidata. If they provided one but not the other, don't.
		local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity()
		if entity and entity.claims and entity.claims.P625 and entity.claims.P625[1].mainsnak.snaktype == 'value' then
			local value = entity.claims.P625[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value
			longitude, latitude = value.longitude, value.latitude
		end
		if args.link and (currentTitle.namespace == 0) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with linked markers with coordinates from Wikidata]]')	
		end
	end
	if not longitude then
		error('No value was provided for longitude')
	elseif not latitude then
		error('No value was provided for latitude')
	end
	if currentTitle.namespace &gt; 0 then
		if (not args.lon_deg) ~= (not args.lat_deg) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Degrees]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_min) ~= (not args.lat_min) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Minutes]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_sec) ~= (not args.lat_sec) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Seconds]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_dir) ~= (not args.lat_dir) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Hemisphere]]')
		elseif (not args.long) ~= (not args.lat) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Decimal]]')
		end
	end
	if ((tonumber(args.lat_deg) or 0) &lt; 0) and ((tonumber(args.lat_min) or 0) ~= 0 or (tonumber(args.lat_sec) or 0) ~= 0 or (args.lat_dir and args.lat_dir ~='')) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if ((tonumber(args.lon_deg) or 0) &lt; 0) and ((tonumber(args.lon_min) or 0) ~= 0 or (tonumber(args.lon_sec) or 0) ~= 0 or (args.lon_dir and args.lon_dir ~= '')) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if (((tonumber(args.lat_min) or 0) &lt; 0) or ((tonumber(args.lat_sec) or 0) &lt; 0)) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if (((tonumber(args.lon_min) or 0) &lt; 0) or ((tonumber(args.lon_sec) or 0) &lt; 0)) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if args.skew or args.lon_shift or args.markhigh then
		mw.log('Removed parameter used in invocation.')
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
			local key = (args.skew and 'skew' or '') ..
						(args.lon_shift and 'lon_shift' or '') ..
						(args.markhigh and 'markhigh' or '')
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with removed parameters|' .. key ..' ]]')
		end
	end
	if map('x') ~= '' then
		x = tonumber(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr(map('x', { latitude, longitude })))
	else
		x = tonumber(getX(longitude, map('left'), map('right')))
	end
	if map('y') ~= '' then
		y = tonumber(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr(map('y', { latitude, longitude })))
	else
		y = tonumber(getY(latitude, map('top'), map('bottom')))
	end
	if (x &lt; 0 or x &gt; 100 or y &lt; 0 or y &gt; 100) and not args.outside then
		mw.log('Mark placed outside map boundaries without outside flag set. x = ' .. x .. ', y = ' .. y)
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
			local key = currentTitle.prefixedText
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with marks outside map and outside parameter not set|' .. key .. ' ]]')
		end
	end
	local mark = args.mark or map('mark')
	if mark == '' then
		mark = 'Red pog.svg'
	end
	local marksize = tonumber(args.marksize) or tonumber(map('marksize')) or 8
	local imageDiv = markImageDiv(mark, marksize, args.label or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text, args.link or '', args.alt, args[2])
	local label_size = args.label_size or 91
	local labelDiv
	if args.label and args.position ~= 'none' then
		labelDiv = markLabelDiv(args.label, label_size, args.label_width or 6, args.position, args.background, x, marksize)
	end
	return builder:node(markOuterDiv(x, y, imageDiv, labelDiv, label_size))
end

local function switcherSeparate(s)
	if s == nil then return {} end
	local retval = {}
	for i in string.gmatch(s .. '#', '([^#]*)#') do
		i = mw.text.trim(i)
		retval[#retval + 1] = (i ~= '' and i)
	end
	return retval
end

function p.infobox_pushpin_map(frame)
	--This function is designed to be invoked from an infobox template
	--* Some parameters (generally starting with &quot;pushpin_&quot;) are meant to be exposed as parameters
	--   in the outer infobox, settable by editors
	--* Others are meant to be &quot;hidden&quot; (e.g., only set inside the infobox template code)
	-- First get the combined arguments from both parent and invocation frame
	local raw_args = getArgs(frame)
	
	--If no map is supplied, return.
	if not raw_args['pushpin_map'] then
		return
	end

	--If no coordinates supplied, return.
	if not raw_args['coordinates'] then
		return
	end

	-- Now get arguments from just the invocation frame
	local frame_args = getArgs(frame,{frameOnly=true})
	
	-- parsed_args will have the resulting merged parameters 
	local parsed_args = {}

	-- Parse the arguments
	parsed_args[1] = raw_args['pushpin_map']
	parsed_args.float = frame_args.float or 'center'
	parsed_args.border = frame_args.border or 'infobox'
	parsed_args.default_width = frame_args.default_width
	parsed_args.max_width = frame_args.max_width
	parsed_args.coordinates = raw_args['coordinates'] 
	parsed_args.caption = raw_args['pushpin_caption']
	parsed_args.relief = raw_args['pushpin_relief']
	parsed_args.label = raw_args['pushpin_label']
	parsed_args.label_size = raw_args['pushpin_label_size']
	parsed_args.position = raw_args['pushpin_label_position']
	parsed_args.mark = raw_args['pushpin_mark']
	parsed_args.marksize = raw_args['pushpin_mark_size']
	parsed_args.alt = raw_args['pushpin_alt']
	parsed_args.background = raw_args['pushpin_background']
	parsed_args.width = raw_args['pushpin_map_size']

	local map = {}
	local caption_list = {}

	for mapname in string.gmatch(parsed_args[1], '[^#]+') do
		map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
	end
	
	if parsed_args['caption'] then
		for caption in mw.text.gsplit(parsed_args['caption'], '##', true) do
			caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = caption
		end
	end
	
	if #map == 1 then 
		map = map[1]
		if not parsed_args.caption then
			parsed_args.caption = 'Location within ' .. map('name')
		end
	end

	if type(map) == 'table' then
		mw.log('----')
		mw.logObject(map)
		if #caption_list &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d captions were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #caption_list, #map))
		elseif not parsed_args.caption then
			-- Set a default caption for each of the multiple maps
			for i=1, #map do
				caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = 'Location within '.. map[i]('name')
			end
		end
		
		local outputs = {}
		parsed_args.autoSwitcherLabel = true
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			parsed_args.caption = caption_list[k]
			outputs[k] = p.main(frame, parsed_args, v)
		end
		return '&lt;div class=&quot;switcher-container&quot;&gt;' .. table.concat(outputs) .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return p.top(frame, parsed_args, map) .. tostring( p.mark(frame, parsed_args, map) ) .. p.bottom(frame, parsed_args, map)
	end
end

function p.main(frame, args, map)
	local caption_list = {}
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {wrappers = 'Template:Wp/pih/Location map', valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if args.useWikidata == nil then
		args.useWikidata = true
	end
	if not map then
		if args[1] then
			map = {}
			for mapname in string.gmatch(args[1], '[^#]+') do
				map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
			end
			if args['caption'] then
				if args['caption'] == &quot;&quot; then
					while #caption_list &lt; #map do
						caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = args['caption']
					end
				else
					for caption in mw.text.gsplit(args['caption'], '##', true) do
						caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = caption
					end
				end
			end
			if #map == 1 then map = map[1] end
		else
			map = p.getMapParams('World', frame)
		end
	end
	if type(map) == 'table' then
		local altmaps = switcherSeparate(args.AlternativeMap)
		if #altmaps &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d AlternativeMaps were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #altmaps, #map))
		end
		local overlays = switcherSeparate(args.overlay_image)
		if #overlays &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d overlay_images were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #overlays, #map))
		end
		if #caption_list &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d captions were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #caption_list, #map))
		end
		local outputs = {}
		args.autoSwitcherLabel = true
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			args.AlternativeMap = altmaps[k]
			args.overlay_image = overlays[k]
			args.caption = caption_list[k]
			outputs[k] = p.main(frame, args, v)
		end
		return '&lt;div class=&quot;switcher-container&quot;&gt;' .. table.concat(outputs) .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return p.top(frame, args, map) .. tostring( p.mark(frame, args, map) ) .. p.bottom(frame, args, map)
	end
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>nchdkf5l3nb28ebmuu4xrrhvhamo61n</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305279</id>
      <parentid>7305266</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:45:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305279</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="25030" sha1="rals6ugre8vih9kmwh04r4xxqpkclaj" xml:space="preserve">require('strict')

local p = {}

local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs

local function round(n, decimals)
	local pow = 10^(decimals or 0)
	return math.floor(n * pow + 0.5) / pow
end

function p.getMapParams(map, frame)
	if not map then
		error('The name of the location map definition to use must be specified', 2)
	end
	local moduletitle = mw.title.new('Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map)
	if not moduletitle then
		error(string.format('%q is not a valid name for a location map definition', map), 2)
	elseif moduletitle.exists then
		local mapData = mw.loadData('Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map)
		return function(name, params)
			if name == nil then
				return 'Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map
			elseif mapData[name] == nil then
				return ''
			elseif params then
				return mw.message.newRawMessage(tostring(mapData[name]), unpack(params)):plain()
			else
				return mapData[name]
			end
		end
	else
		error('Unable to find the specified location map definition: &quot;Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map .. '&quot; does not exist', 2)
	end
end

function p.data(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = true})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local params = {}
	for k,v in ipairs(args) do
		if k &gt; 2 then
			params[k-2] = v
		end
	end
	return map(args[2], #params ~= 0 and params)
end

local hemisphereMultipliers = {
	longitude = { W = -1, w = -1, E = 1, e = 1 },
	latitude = { S = -1, s = -1, N = 1, n = 1 }
}

local function decdeg(degrees, minutes, seconds, hemisphere, decimal, direction)
	if decimal then
		if degrees then
			error('Decimal and DMS degrees cannot both be provided for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif minutes then
			error('Minutes can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif seconds then
			error('Seconds can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif hemisphere then
			error('A hemisphere can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		end
		local retval = tonumber(decimal)
		if retval then
			return retval
		end
		error('The value &quot;' .. decimal .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif seconds and not minutes then
		error('Seconds were provided for ' .. direction .. ' without minutes also being provided', 2)
	elseif not degrees then
		if minutes then
			error('Minutes were provided for ' .. direction .. ' without degrees also being provided', 2)
		elseif hemisphere then
			error('A hemisphere was provided for ' .. direction .. ' without degrees also being provided', 2)
		end
		return nil
	end
	decimal = tonumber(degrees)
	if not decimal then
		error('The degree value &quot;' .. degrees .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif minutes and not tonumber(minutes) then
		error('The minute value &quot;' .. minutes .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif seconds and not tonumber(seconds) then
		error('The second value &quot;' .. seconds .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	end
	decimal = decimal + (minutes or 0)/60 + (seconds or 0)/3600
	if hemisphere then
		local multiplier = hemisphereMultipliers[direction][hemisphere]
		if not multiplier then
			error('The hemisphere &quot;' .. hemisphere .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
		end
		decimal = decimal * multiplier
	end
	return decimal
end

-- Finds a parameter in a transclusion of {{Coord}}.
local function coord2text(para,coord) -- this should be changed for languages which do not use Arabic numerals or the degree sign
	local lat, long = mw.ustring.match(coord,'&lt;span class=&quot;p%-latitude latitude&quot;&gt;([^&lt;]+)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p%-longitude longitude&quot;&gt;([^&lt;]+)&lt;/span&gt;')
	if lat then
		return tonumber(para == 'longitude' and long or lat)
	end
	local result = mw.text.split(mw.ustring.match(coord,'%-?[%.%d]+°[NS] %-?[%.%d]+°[EW]') or '', '[ °]')
	if para == 'longitude' then result = {result[3], result[4]} end
	if not tonumber(result[1]) or not result[2] then
		mw.log('Malformed coordinates value')
		mw.logObject(para, 'para')
		mw.logObject(coord, 'coord')
		return error('Malformed coordinates value', 2)
	end
	return tonumber(result[1]) * hemisphereMultipliers[para][result[2]]
end

-- effectively make removeBlanks false for caption and maplink, and true for everything else
-- if useWikidata is present but blank, convert it to false instead of nil
-- p.top, p.bottom, and their callers need to use this
function p.valueFunc(key, value)
	if value then
		value = mw.text.trim(value)
	end
	if value ~= '' or key == 'caption' or key == 'maplink' then
		return value
	elseif key == 'useWikidata' then
		return false
	end
end

local function getContainerImage(args, map)
	if args.AlternativeMap then
		return args.AlternativeMap
	elseif args.relief then
        local digits = mw.ustring.match(args.relief,'^[1-9][0-9]?$') or '1' -- image1 to image99
        if map('image' .. digits) ~= '' then
            return map('image' .. digits)
        end
	end
    return map('image')
end

function p.top(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = true, valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local width
	local default_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(args.default_width),&quot;%d*&quot;))
	if not args.width then
		width = round((default_as_number or 240) * (tonumber(map('defaultscale')) or 1))
	elseif mw.ustring.sub(args.width, -2) == 'px' then
		width = mw.ustring.sub(args.width, 1, -3)
	else
		width = args.width
	end
	local width_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(width),&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
    if width_as_number == 0 then
    	-- check to see if width is junk. If it is, then use default calculation
    	width = round((default_as_number or 240) * (tonumber(map('defaultscale')) or 1))
    	width_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(width),&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
    end	
    if args.max_width ~= &quot;&quot; and args.max_width ~= nil then
        -- check to see if width bigger than max_width
        local max_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(args.max_width,&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
        if width_as_number&gt;max_as_number and max_as_number&gt;0 then
            width = args.max_width;
        end
    end
	local retval = frame:extensionTag{name = 'templatestyles', args = {src = 'Module:Wp/pih/Location map/styles.css'}}
	if args.float == 'center' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;'
	end
	if args.caption and args.caption ~= '' and args.border ~= 'infobox' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;locmap noresize thumb '
		if args.float == '&quot;left&quot;' or args.float == 'left' then
			retval = retval .. 'floatleft'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;center&quot;' or args.float == 'center' or args.float == '&quot;none&quot;' or args.float == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. 'tnone'
		else
			retval = retval .. 'floatright'
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbinner&quot; style=&quot;width:' .. (width + 2) .. 'px'
		if args.border == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. ';border:none'
		elseif args.border then
			retval = retval .. ';border-color:' .. args.border
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:' .. width .. 'px' .. (args.border ~= 'none' and ';border:1px solid lightgray&quot;&gt;' or '&quot;&gt;')
	else
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:' .. width .. 'px;'
		if args.float == '&quot;left&quot;' or args.float == 'left' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:left;clear:left'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;center&quot;' or args.float == 'center' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;none&quot;' or args.float == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:none;clear:none'
		else
			retval = retval .. 'float:right;clear:right'
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:' .. width .. 'px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:' .. width .. 'px&quot;&gt;'
	end
	local image = getContainerImage(args, map)
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	retval = string.format(
		'%s[[File:%s|%spx|%s%s|class=notpageimage noviewer]]',
		retval,
		image,
		width,
		args.alt or ((args.label or currentTitle.text) .. ' is located in ' .. map('name')),
		args.maplink and ('|link=' .. args.maplink) or ''
	)
	if args.caption and args.caption ~= '' then
		if (currentTitle.namespace == 0) and mw.ustring.find(args.caption, '##') then
			retval = retval .. '[[Category:Pages using location map with a double number sign in the caption]]'
		end
	end
	if args.overlay_image then
		return retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;position:absolute;top:0;left:0&quot;&gt;[[File:' .. args.overlay_image .. '|' .. width .. 'px|class=notpageimage noviewer]]&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return retval
	end
end

function p.bottom(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = true, valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local retval = '&lt;/div&gt;'
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	if not args.caption or args.border == 'infobox' then
		if args.border then
			retval = retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;'
		else
			retval = retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:91%;padding-top:3px&quot;&gt;'
		end
		retval = retval
		.. (args.caption or (args.label or currentTitle.text) .. ' (' .. map('name') .. ')')
		.. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	elseif args.caption ~= ''  then
		-- This is not the pipe trick. We're creating a link with no text on purpose, so that CSS can give us a nice image
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;magnify&quot;&gt;[[:File:' .. getContainerImage(args, map) .. '| ]]&lt;/div&gt;' .. args.caption .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	end

	if args.switcherLabel then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;span class=&quot;switcher-label&quot; style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;' .. args.switcherLabel .. '&lt;/span&gt;'
	elseif args.autoSwitcherLabel then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;span class=&quot;switcher-label&quot; style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;Show map of ' .. map('name') .. '&lt;/span&gt;'
	end
	
	retval = retval .. '&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'
	if args.caption_undefined then
		mw.log('Removed parameter caption_undefined used.')
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		    retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with removed parameters|caption_undefined]]'
		end
	end
	if map('skew') ~= '' or map('lat_skew') ~= '' or map('crosses180') ~= '' or map('type') ~= '' then
		mw.log('Removed parameter used in map definition ' .. map())
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		    local key = (map('skew') ~= '' and 'skew' or '') ..
					(map('lat_skew') ~= '' and 'lat_skew' or '') ..
					(map('crosses180') ~= '' and 'crosses180' or '') ..
					(map('type') ~= '' and 'type' or '')
		    retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with removed parameters|' .. key .. ' ]]'
		end
	end
	if string.find(map('name'), '|', 1, true) then
		mw.log('Pipe used in name of map definition ' .. map())
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		   retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with a name containing a pipe]]'
		end
	end
	if args.float == 'center' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	end
	return retval
end

local function markOuterDiv(x, y, imageDiv, labelDiv, label_size)
	return mw.html.create('div')
		:addClass('od')
		:addClass('notheme') -- T236137
		:cssText('top:' .. round(y, 3) .. '%;left:' .. round(x, 3) .. '%;font-size:' .. label_size .. '%')
		:node(imageDiv)
		:node(labelDiv)
end

local function markImageDiv(mark, marksize, label, link, alt, title)
	local builder = mw.html.create('div')
		:addClass('id')
		:cssText('left:-' .. round(marksize / 2) .. 'px;top:-' .. round(marksize / 2) .. 'px')
		:attr('title', title)
	if marksize ~= 0 then
		builder:wikitext(string.format(
			'[[File:%s|%dx%dpx|%s|link=%s%s|class=notpageimage noviewer]]',
			mark,
			marksize,
			marksize,
			label,
			link,
			alt and ('|alt=' .. alt) or ''
		))
	end
	return builder
end

local function markLabelDiv(label, label_size, label_width, position, background, x, marksize)
	if tonumber(label_size) == 0 then
		return mw.html.create('div'):addClass('l0'):wikitext(label)
	end
	local builder = mw.html.create('div')
		:cssText('width:' .. label_width .. 'em')
	local distance = round(marksize / 2 + 1)
	if position == 'top' then -- specified top
		builder:addClass('pv'):cssText('bottom:' .. distance .. 'px;left:' .. (-label_width / 2) .. 'em')
	elseif position == 'bottom' then -- specified bottom
		builder:addClass('pv'):cssText('top:' .. distance .. 'px;left:' .. (-label_width / 2) .. 'em')
	elseif position == 'left' or (tonumber(x) &gt; 70 and position ~= 'right') then -- specified left or autodetected to left
		builder:addClass('pl'):cssText('right:' .. distance .. 'px')
	else -- specified right or autodetected to right
		builder:addClass('pr'):cssText('left:' .. distance .. 'px')
	end
	builder = builder:tag('div')
		:wikitext(label)
	if background then
		builder:cssText('background-color:' .. background)
	end
	return builder:done()
end

local function getX(longitude, left, right)
	local width = (right - left) % 360
	if width == 0 then
		width = 360
	end
	local distanceFromLeft = (longitude - left) % 360
	-- the distance needed past the map to the right equals distanceFromLeft - width. the distance needed past the map to the left equals 360 - distanceFromLeft. to minimize page stretching, go whichever way is shorter
	if distanceFromLeft - width / 2 &gt;= 180 then
		distanceFromLeft = distanceFromLeft - 360
	end
	return 100 * distanceFromLeft / width
end

local function getY(latitude, top, bottom)
	return 100 * (top - latitude) / (top - bottom)
end

function p.mark(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {wrappers = 'Template:Location map~'})
	end
	local mapnames = {}
	if not map then
		if args[1] then
			map = {}
			for mapname in mw.text.gsplit(args[1], '#', true) do
				map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
				mapnames[#mapnames + 1] = mapname
			end
			if #map == 1 then map = map[1] end
		else
			map = p.getMapParams('World', frame)
			args[1] = 'World'
		end
	end
	if type(map) == 'table' then
		local outputs = {}
		local oldargs = args[1]
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			args[1] = mapnames[k]
			outputs[k] = tostring(p.mark(frame, args, v))
		end
		args[1] = oldargs
		return table.concat(outputs, '#PlaceList#') .. '#PlaceList#'
	end
	local x, y, longitude, latitude
		longitude = decdeg(args.lon_deg, args.lon_min, args.lon_sec, args.lon_dir, args.long or args.lng or args.lon, 'longitude')
	latitude = decdeg(args.lat_deg, args.lat_min, args.lat_sec, args.lat_dir, args.lat or args.latitude, 'latitude')
	if args.excludefrom then
		-- If this mark is to be excluded from certain maps entirely (useful in the context of multiple maps)
		for exclusionmap in mw.text.gsplit(args.excludefrom, '#', true) do
			-- Check if this map is excluded. If so, return an empty string.
			if args[1] == exclusionmap then
				return ''
			end
		end
			
	end
	local builder = mw.html.create()
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	if args.coordinates then
--		Temporarily removed to facilitate infobox conversion. See [[Wikipedia:Coordinates in infoboxes]]

--		if longitude or latitude then
--			error('Coordinates from [[Module:Coordinates]] and individual coordinates cannot both be provided')
--		end
		longitude = coord2text('longitude', args.coordinates)
		latitude = coord2text('latitude', args.coordinates)
	elseif not longitude and not latitude and args.useWikidata then
		-- If they didn't provide either coordinate, try Wikidata. If they provided one but not the other, don't.
		local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity()
		if entity and entity.claims and entity.claims.P625 and entity.claims.P625[1].mainsnak.snaktype == 'value' then
			local value = entity.claims.P625[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value
			longitude, latitude = value.longitude, value.latitude
		end
		if args.link and (currentTitle.namespace == 0) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with linked markers with coordinates from Wikidata]]')	
		end
	end
	if not longitude then
		error('No value was provided for longitude')
	elseif not latitude then
		error('No value was provided for latitude')
	end
	if currentTitle.namespace &gt; 0 then
		if (not args.lon_deg) ~= (not args.lat_deg) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Degrees]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_min) ~= (not args.lat_min) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Minutes]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_sec) ~= (not args.lat_sec) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Seconds]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_dir) ~= (not args.lat_dir) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Hemisphere]]')
		elseif (not args.long) ~= (not args.lat) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Decimal]]')
		end
	end
	if ((tonumber(args.lat_deg) or 0) &lt; 0) and ((tonumber(args.lat_min) or 0) ~= 0 or (tonumber(args.lat_sec) or 0) ~= 0 or (args.lat_dir and args.lat_dir ~='')) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if ((tonumber(args.lon_deg) or 0) &lt; 0) and ((tonumber(args.lon_min) or 0) ~= 0 or (tonumber(args.lon_sec) or 0) ~= 0 or (args.lon_dir and args.lon_dir ~= '')) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if (((tonumber(args.lat_min) or 0) &lt; 0) or ((tonumber(args.lat_sec) or 0) &lt; 0)) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if (((tonumber(args.lon_min) or 0) &lt; 0) or ((tonumber(args.lon_sec) or 0) &lt; 0)) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if args.skew or args.lon_shift or args.markhigh then
		mw.log('Removed parameter used in invocation.')
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
			local key = (args.skew and 'skew' or '') ..
						(args.lon_shift and 'lon_shift' or '') ..
						(args.markhigh and 'markhigh' or '')
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with removed parameters|' .. key ..' ]]')
		end
	end
	if map('x') ~= '' then
		x = tonumber(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr(map('x', { latitude, longitude })))
	else
		x = tonumber(getX(longitude, map('left'), map('right')))
	end
	if map('y') ~= '' then
		y = tonumber(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr(map('y', { latitude, longitude })))
	else
		y = tonumber(getY(latitude, map('top'), map('bottom')))
	end
	if (x &lt; 0 or x &gt; 100 or y &lt; 0 or y &gt; 100) and not args.outside then
		mw.log('Mark placed outside map boundaries without outside flag set. x = ' .. x .. ', y = ' .. y)
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
			local key = currentTitle.prefixedText
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with marks outside map and outside parameter not set|' .. key .. ' ]]')
		end
	end
	local mark = args.mark or map('mark')
	if mark == '' then
		mark = 'Red pog.svg'
	end
	local marksize = tonumber(args.marksize) or tonumber(map('marksize')) or 8
	local imageDiv = markImageDiv(mark, marksize, args.label or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text, args.link or '', args.alt, args[2])
	local label_size = args.label_size or 91
	local labelDiv
	if args.label and args.position ~= 'none' then
		labelDiv = markLabelDiv(args.label, label_size, args.label_width or 6, args.position, args.background, x, marksize)
	end
	return builder:node(markOuterDiv(x, y, imageDiv, labelDiv, label_size))
end

local function switcherSeparate(s)
	if s == nil then return {} end
	local retval = {}
	for i in string.gmatch(s .. '#', '([^#]*)#') do
		i = mw.text.trim(i)
		retval[#retval + 1] = (i ~= '' and i)
	end
	return retval
end

function p.infobox_pushpin_map(frame)
	--This function is designed to be invoked from an infobox template
	--* Some parameters (generally starting with &quot;pushpin_&quot;) are meant to be exposed as parameters
	--   in the outer infobox, settable by editors
	--* Others are meant to be &quot;hidden&quot; (e.g., only set inside the infobox template code)
	-- First get the combined arguments from both parent and invocation frame
	local raw_args = getArgs(frame)
	
	--If no map is supplied, return.
	if not raw_args['pushpin_map'] then
		return
	end

	--If no coordinates supplied, return.
	if not raw_args['coordinates'] then
		return
	end

	-- Now get arguments from just the invocation frame
	local frame_args = getArgs(frame,{frameOnly=true})
	
	-- parsed_args will have the resulting merged parameters 
	local parsed_args = {}

	-- Parse the arguments
	parsed_args[1] = raw_args['pushpin_map']
	parsed_args.float = frame_args.float or 'center'
	parsed_args.border = frame_args.border or 'infobox'
	parsed_args.default_width = frame_args.default_width
	parsed_args.max_width = frame_args.max_width
	parsed_args.coordinates = raw_args['coordinates'] 
	parsed_args.caption = raw_args['pushpin_caption']
	parsed_args.relief = raw_args['pushpin_relief']
	parsed_args.label = raw_args['pushpin_label']
	parsed_args.label_size = raw_args['pushpin_label_size']
	parsed_args.position = raw_args['pushpin_label_position']
	parsed_args.mark = raw_args['pushpin_mark']
	parsed_args.marksize = raw_args['pushpin_mark_size']
	parsed_args.alt = raw_args['pushpin_alt']
	parsed_args.background = raw_args['pushpin_background']
	parsed_args.width = raw_args['pushpin_map_size']

	local map = {}
	local caption_list = {}

	for mapname in string.gmatch(parsed_args[1], '[^#]+') do
		map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
	end
	
	if parsed_args['caption'] then
		for caption in mw.text.gsplit(parsed_args['caption'], '##', true) do
			caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = caption
		end
	end
	
	if #map == 1 then 
		map = map[1]
		if not parsed_args.caption then
			parsed_args.caption = 'Location within ' .. map('name')
		end
	end

	if type(map) == 'table' then
		mw.log('----')
		mw.logObject(map)
		if #caption_list &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d captions were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #caption_list, #map))
		elseif not parsed_args.caption then
			-- Set a default caption for each of the multiple maps
			for i=1, #map do
				caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = 'Location within '.. map[i]('name')
			end
		end
		
		local outputs = {}
		parsed_args.autoSwitcherLabel = true
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			parsed_args.caption = caption_list[k]
			outputs[k] = p.main(frame, parsed_args, v)
		end
		return '&lt;div class=&quot;switcher-container&quot;&gt;' .. table.concat(outputs) .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return p.top(frame, parsed_args, map) .. tostring( p.mark(frame, parsed_args, map) ) .. p.bottom(frame, parsed_args, map)
	end
end

function p.main(frame, args, map)
	local caption_list = {}
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {wrappers = 'Template:Wp/pih/Location map', valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if args.useWikidata == nil then
		args.useWikidata = true
	end
	if not map then
		if args[1] then
			map = {}
			for mapname in string.gmatch(args[1], '[^#]+') do
				map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
			end
			if args['caption'] then
				if args['caption'] == &quot;&quot; then
					while #caption_list &lt; #map do
						caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = args['caption']
					end
				else
					for caption in mw.text.gsplit(args['caption'], '##', true) do
						caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = caption
					end
				end
			end
			if #map == 1 then map = map[1] end
		else
			map = p.getMapParams('World', frame)
		end
	end
	if type(map) == 'table' then
		local altmaps = switcherSeparate(args.AlternativeMap)
		if #altmaps &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d AlternativeMaps were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #altmaps, #map))
		end
		local overlays = switcherSeparate(args.overlay_image)
		if #overlays &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d overlay_images were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #overlays, #map))
		end
		if #caption_list &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d captions were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #caption_list, #map))
		end
		local outputs = {}
		args.autoSwitcherLabel = true
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			args.AlternativeMap = altmaps[k]
			args.overlay_image = overlays[k]
			args.caption = caption_list[k]
			outputs[k] = p.main(frame, args, v)
		end
		return '&lt;div class=&quot;switcher-container&quot;&gt;' .. table.concat(outputs) .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return p.top(frame, args, map) .. tostring( p.mark(frame, args, map) ) .. p.bottom(frame, args, map)
	end
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>rals6ugre8vih9kmwh04r4xxqpkclaj</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305280</id>
      <parentid>7305279</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:50:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>at this point I am using Gemini to fix it.</comment>
      <origin>7305280</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="25038" sha1="c49odvozm4n03kb3fwngjyfd85sig38" xml:space="preserve">require('strict')

local p = {}

local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs

local function round(n, decimals)
	local pow = 10^(decimals or 0)
	return math.floor(n * pow + 0.5) / pow
end

function p.getMapParams(map, frame)
	if not map then
		error('The name of the location map definition to use must be specified', 2)
	end
	local moduletitle = mw.title.new('Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map)
	if not moduletitle then
		error(string.format('%q is not a valid name for a location map definition', map), 2)
	elseif moduletitle.exists then
		local mapData = mw.loadData('Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map)
		return function(name, params)
			if name == nil then
				return 'Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map
			elseif mapData[name] == nil then
				return ''
			elseif params then
				return mw.message.newRawMessage(tostring(mapData[name]), unpack(params)):plain()
			else
				return mapData[name]
			end
		end
	else
		error('Unable to find the specified location map definition: &quot;Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/' .. map .. '&quot; does not exist', 2)
	end
end

function p.data(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		local args = getArgs(frame, {parentFirst = true})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local params = {}
	for k,v in ipairs(args) do
		if k &gt; 2 then
			params[k-2] = v
		end
	end
	return map(args[2], #params ~= 0 and params)
end

local hemisphereMultipliers = {
	longitude = { W = -1, w = -1, E = 1, e = 1 },
	latitude = { S = -1, s = -1, N = 1, n = 1 }
}

local function decdeg(degrees, minutes, seconds, hemisphere, decimal, direction)
	if decimal then
		if degrees then
			error('Decimal and DMS degrees cannot both be provided for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif minutes then
			error('Minutes can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif seconds then
			error('Seconds can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		elseif hemisphere then
			error('A hemisphere can only be provided with DMS degrees for ' .. direction, 2)
		end
		local retval = tonumber(decimal)
		if retval then
			return retval
		end
		error('The value &quot;' .. decimal .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif seconds and not minutes then
		error('Seconds were provided for ' .. direction .. ' without minutes also being provided', 2)
	elseif not degrees then
		if minutes then
			error('Minutes were provided for ' .. direction .. ' without degrees also being provided', 2)
		elseif hemisphere then
			error('A hemisphere was provided for ' .. direction .. ' without degrees also being provided', 2)
		end
		return nil
	end
	decimal = tonumber(degrees)
	if not decimal then
		error('The degree value &quot;' .. degrees .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif minutes and not tonumber(minutes) then
		error('The minute value &quot;' .. minutes .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	elseif seconds and not tonumber(seconds) then
		error('The second value &quot;' .. seconds .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
	end
	decimal = decimal + (minutes or 0)/60 + (seconds or 0)/3600
	if hemisphere then
		local multiplier = hemisphereMultipliers[direction][hemisphere]
		if not multiplier then
			error('The hemisphere &quot;' .. hemisphere .. '&quot; provided for ' .. direction .. ' is not valid', 2)
		end
		decimal = decimal * multiplier
	end
	return decimal
end

-- Finds a parameter in a transclusion of {{Coord}}.
local function coord2text(para,coord) -- this should be changed for languages which do not use Arabic numerals or the degree sign
	local lat, long = mw.ustring.match(coord,'&lt;span class=&quot;p%-latitude latitude&quot;&gt;([^&lt;]+)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p%-longitude longitude&quot;&gt;([^&lt;]+)&lt;/span&gt;')
	if lat then
		return tonumber(para == 'longitude' and long or lat)
	end
	local result = mw.text.split(mw.ustring.match(coord,'%-?[%.%d]+°[NS] %-?[%.%d]+°[EW]') or '', '[ °]')
	if para == 'longitude' then result = {result[3], result[4]} end
	if not tonumber(result[1]) or not result[2] then
		mw.log('Malformed coordinates value')
		mw.logObject(para, 'para')
		mw.logObject(coord, 'coord')
		return error('Malformed coordinates value', 2)
	end
	return tonumber(result[1]) * hemisphereMultipliers[para][result[2]]
end

-- effectively make removeBlanks false for caption and maplink, and true for everything else
-- if useWikidata is present but blank, convert it to false instead of nil
-- p.top, p.bottom, and their callers need to use this
function p.valueFunc(key, value)
	if value then
		value = mw.text.trim(value)
	end
	if value ~= '' or key == 'caption' or key == 'maplink' then
		return value
	elseif key == 'useWikidata' then
		return false
	end
end

local function getContainerImage(args, map)
	if args.AlternativeMap then
		return args.AlternativeMap
	elseif args.relief then
        local digits = mw.ustring.match(args.relief,'^[1-9][0-9]?$') or '1' -- image1 to image99
        if map('image' .. digits) ~= '' then
            return map('image' .. digits)
        end
	end
    return map('image')
end

function p.top(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = true, valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local width
	local default_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(args.default_width),&quot;%d*&quot;))
	if not args.width then
		width = round((default_as_number or 240) * (tonumber(map('defaultscale')) or 1))
	elseif mw.ustring.sub(args.width, -2) == 'px' then
		width = mw.ustring.sub(args.width, 1, -3)
	else
		width = args.width
	end
	local width_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(width),&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
    if width_as_number == 0 then
    	-- check to see if width is junk. If it is, then use default calculation
    	width = round((default_as_number or 240) * (tonumber(map('defaultscale')) or 1))
    	width_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(tostring(width),&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
    end	
    if args.max_width ~= &quot;&quot; and args.max_width ~= nil then
        -- check to see if width bigger than max_width
        local max_as_number = tonumber(mw.ustring.match(args.max_width,&quot;%d*&quot;)) or 0;
        if width_as_number&gt;max_as_number and max_as_number&gt;0 then
            width = args.max_width;
        end
    end
	local retval = frame:extensionTag{name = 'templatestyles', args = {src = 'Module:Wp/pih/Location map/styles.css'}}
	if args.float == 'center' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;'
	end
	if args.caption and args.caption ~= '' and args.border ~= 'infobox' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;locmap noresize thumb '
		if args.float == '&quot;left&quot;' or args.float == 'left' then
			retval = retval .. 'floatleft'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;center&quot;' or args.float == 'center' or args.float == '&quot;none&quot;' or args.float == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. 'tnone'
		else
			retval = retval .. 'floatright'
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbinner&quot; style=&quot;width:' .. (width + 2) .. 'px'
		if args.border == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. ';border:none'
		elseif args.border then
			retval = retval .. ';border-color:' .. args.border
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:' .. width .. 'px' .. (args.border ~= 'none' and ';border:1px solid lightgray&quot;&gt;' or '&quot;&gt;')
	else
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;locmap&quot; style=&quot;width:' .. width .. 'px;'
		if args.float == '&quot;left&quot;' or args.float == 'left' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:left;clear:left'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;center&quot;' or args.float == 'center' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto'
		elseif args.float == '&quot;none&quot;' or args.float == 'none' then
			retval = retval .. 'float:none;clear:none'
		else
			retval = retval .. 'float:right;clear:right'
		end
		retval = retval .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;width:' .. width .. 'px;padding:0&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;position:relative;width:' .. width .. 'px&quot;&gt;'
	end
	local image = getContainerImage(args, map)
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	retval = string.format(
		'%s[[File:%s|%spx|%s%s|class=notpageimage noviewer]]',
		retval,
		image,
		width,
		args.alt or ((args.label or currentTitle.text) .. ' is located in ' .. map('name')),
		args.maplink and ('|link=' .. args.maplink) or ''
	)
	if args.caption and args.caption ~= '' then
		if (currentTitle.namespace == 0) and mw.ustring.find(args.caption, '##') then
			retval = retval .. '[[Category:Pages using location map with a double number sign in the caption]]'
		end
	end
	if args.overlay_image then
		return retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;position:absolute;top:0;left:0&quot;&gt;[[File:' .. args.overlay_image .. '|' .. width .. 'px|class=notpageimage noviewer]]&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return retval
	end
end

function p.bottom(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {frameOnly = true, valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if not map then
		map = p.getMapParams(args[1], frame)
	end
	local retval = '&lt;/div&gt;'
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	if not args.caption or args.border == 'infobox' then
		if args.border then
			retval = retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.2em&quot;&gt;'
		else
			retval = retval .. '&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:91%;padding-top:3px&quot;&gt;'
		end
		retval = retval
		.. (args.caption or (args.label or currentTitle.text) .. ' (' .. map('name') .. ')')
		.. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	elseif args.caption ~= ''  then
		-- This is not the pipe trick. We're creating a link with no text on purpose, so that CSS can give us a nice image
		retval = retval .. '&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;magnify&quot;&gt;[[:File:' .. getContainerImage(args, map) .. '| ]]&lt;/div&gt;' .. args.caption .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	end

	if args.switcherLabel then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;span class=&quot;switcher-label&quot; style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;' .. args.switcherLabel .. '&lt;/span&gt;'
	elseif args.autoSwitcherLabel then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;span class=&quot;switcher-label&quot; style=&quot;display:none&quot;&gt;Show map of ' .. map('name') .. '&lt;/span&gt;'
	end
	
	retval = retval .. '&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'
	if args.caption_undefined then
		mw.log('Removed parameter caption_undefined used.')
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		    retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with removed parameters|caption_undefined]]'
		end
	end
	if map('skew') ~= '' or map('lat_skew') ~= '' or map('crosses180') ~= '' or map('type') ~= '' then
		mw.log('Removed parameter used in map definition ' .. map())
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		    local key = (map('skew') ~= '' and 'skew' or '') ..
					(map('lat_skew') ~= '' and 'lat_skew' or '') ..
					(map('crosses180') ~= '' and 'crosses180' or '') ..
					(map('type') ~= '' and 'type' or '')
		    retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with removed parameters|' .. key .. ' ]]'
		end
	end
	if string.find(map('name'), '|', 1, true) then
		mw.log('Pipe used in name of map definition ' .. map())
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
		   retval = retval .. '[[Category:Location maps with a name containing a pipe]]'
		end
	end
	if args.float == 'center' then
		retval = retval .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	end
	return retval
end

local function markOuterDiv(x, y, imageDiv, labelDiv, label_size)
	return mw.html.create('div')
		:addClass('od')
		:addClass('notheme') -- T236137
		:cssText('top:' .. round(y, 3) .. '%;left:' .. round(x, 3) .. '%;font-size:' .. label_size .. '%')
		:node(imageDiv)
		:node(labelDiv)
end

local function markImageDiv(mark, marksize, label, link, alt, title)
	local builder = mw.html.create('div')
		:addClass('id')
		:cssText('left:-' .. round(marksize / 2) .. 'px;top:-' .. round(marksize / 2) .. 'px')
		:attr('title', title)
	if marksize ~= 0 then
		builder:wikitext(string.format(
			'[[File:%s|%dx%dpx|%s|link=%s%s|class=notpageimage noviewer]]',
			mark,
			marksize,
			marksize,
			label,
			link,
			alt and ('|alt=' .. alt) or ''
		))
	end
	return builder
end

local function markLabelDiv(label, label_size, label_width, position, background, x, marksize)
	if tonumber(label_size) == 0 then
		return mw.html.create('div'):addClass('l0'):wikitext(label)
	end
	local builder = mw.html.create('div')
		:cssText('width:' .. label_width .. 'em')
	local distance = round(marksize / 2 + 1)
	if position == 'top' then -- specified top
		builder:addClass('pv'):cssText('bottom:' .. distance .. 'px;left:' .. (-label_width / 2) .. 'em')
	elseif position == 'bottom' then -- specified bottom
		builder:addClass('pv'):cssText('top:' .. distance .. 'px;left:' .. (-label_width / 2) .. 'em')
	elseif position == 'left' or (tonumber(x) &gt; 70 and position ~= 'right') then -- specified left or autodetected to left
		builder:addClass('pl'):cssText('right:' .. distance .. 'px')
	else -- specified right or autodetected to right
		builder:addClass('pr'):cssText('left:' .. distance .. 'px')
	end
	builder = builder:tag('div')
		:wikitext(label)
	if background then
		builder:cssText('background-color:' .. background)
	end
	return builder:done()
end

local function getX(longitude, left, right)
	local width = (right - left) % 360
	if width == 0 then
		width = 360
	end
	local distanceFromLeft = (longitude - left) % 360
	-- the distance needed past the map to the right equals distanceFromLeft - width. the distance needed past the map to the left equals 360 - distanceFromLeft. to minimize page stretching, go whichever way is shorter
	if distanceFromLeft - width / 2 &gt;= 180 then
		distanceFromLeft = distanceFromLeft - 360
	end
	return 100 * distanceFromLeft / width
end

local function getY(latitude, top, bottom)
	return 100 * (top - latitude) / (top - bottom)
end

function p.mark(frame, args, map)
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {wrappers = 'Template:Location map~'})
	end
	local mapnames = {}
	if not map then
		if args[1] then
			map = {}
			for mapname in mw.text.gsplit(args[1], '#', true) do
				map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
				mapnames[#mapnames + 1] = mapname
			end
			if #map == 1 then map = map[1] end
		else
			map = p.getMapParams('World', frame)
			args[1] = 'World'
		end
	end
	if type(map) == 'table' then
		local outputs = {}
		local oldargs = args[1]
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			args[1] = mapnames[k]
			outputs[k] = tostring(p.mark(frame, args, v))
		end
		args[1] = oldargs
		return table.concat(outputs, '#PlaceList#') .. '#PlaceList#'
	end
	local x, y, longitude, latitude
		longitude = decdeg(args.lon_deg, args.lon_min, args.lon_sec, args.lon_dir, args.long or args.lng or args.lon, 'longitude')
	latitude = decdeg(args.lat_deg, args.lat_min, args.lat_sec, args.lat_dir, args.lat or args.latitude, 'latitude')
	if args.excludefrom then
		-- If this mark is to be excluded from certain maps entirely (useful in the context of multiple maps)
		for exclusionmap in mw.text.gsplit(args.excludefrom, '#', true) do
			-- Check if this map is excluded. If so, return an empty string.
			if args[1] == exclusionmap then
				return ''
			end
		end
			
	end
	local builder = mw.html.create()
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	if args.coordinates then
--		Temporarily removed to facilitate infobox conversion. See [[Wikipedia:Coordinates in infoboxes]]

--		if longitude or latitude then
--			error('Coordinates from [[Module:Coordinates]] and individual coordinates cannot both be provided')
--		end
		longitude = coord2text('longitude', args.coordinates)
		latitude = coord2text('latitude', args.coordinates)
	elseif not longitude and not latitude and args.useWikidata then
		-- If they didn't provide either coordinate, try Wikidata. If they provided one but not the other, don't.
		local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity()
		if entity and entity.claims and entity.claims.P625 and entity.claims.P625[1].mainsnak.snaktype == 'value' then
			local value = entity.claims.P625[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value
			longitude, latitude = value.longitude, value.latitude
		end
		if args.link and (currentTitle.namespace == 0) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with linked markers with coordinates from Wikidata]]')	
		end
	end
	if not longitude then
		error('No value was provided for longitude')
	elseif not latitude then
		error('No value was provided for latitude')
	end
	if currentTitle.namespace &gt; 0 then
		if (not args.lon_deg) ~= (not args.lat_deg) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Degrees]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_min) ~= (not args.lat_min) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Minutes]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_sec) ~= (not args.lat_sec) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Seconds]]')
		elseif (not args.lon_dir) ~= (not args.lat_dir) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Hemisphere]]')
		elseif (not args.long) ~= (not args.lat) then
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with different longitude and latitude precisions|Decimal]]')
		end
	end
	if ((tonumber(args.lat_deg) or 0) &lt; 0) and ((tonumber(args.lat_min) or 0) ~= 0 or (tonumber(args.lat_sec) or 0) ~= 0 or (args.lat_dir and args.lat_dir ~='')) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if ((tonumber(args.lon_deg) or 0) &lt; 0) and ((tonumber(args.lon_min) or 0) ~= 0 or (tonumber(args.lon_sec) or 0) ~= 0 or (args.lon_dir and args.lon_dir ~= '')) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if (((tonumber(args.lat_min) or 0) &lt; 0) or ((tonumber(args.lat_sec) or 0) &lt; 0)) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if (((tonumber(args.lon_min) or 0) &lt; 0) or ((tonumber(args.lon_sec) or 0) &lt; 0)) then
		builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with negative degrees and minutes or seconds]]')
	end
	if args.skew or args.lon_shift or args.markhigh then
		mw.log('Removed parameter used in invocation.')
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
			local key = (args.skew and 'skew' or '') ..
						(args.lon_shift and 'lon_shift' or '') ..
						(args.markhigh and 'markhigh' or '')
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with removed parameters|' .. key ..' ]]')
		end
	end
	if map('x') ~= '' then
		x = tonumber(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr(map('x', { latitude, longitude })))
	else
		x = tonumber(getX(longitude, map('left'), map('right')))
	end
	if map('y') ~= '' then
		y = tonumber(mw.ext.ParserFunctions.expr(map('y', { latitude, longitude })))
	else
		y = tonumber(getY(latitude, map('top'), map('bottom')))
	end
	if (x &lt; 0 or x &gt; 100 or y &lt; 0 or y &gt; 100) and not args.outside then
		mw.log('Mark placed outside map boundaries without outside flag set. x = ' .. x .. ', y = ' .. y)
		local parent = frame:getParent()
		if parent then
			mw.log('Parent is ' .. parent:getTitle())
		end
		mw.logObject(args, 'args')
		if currentTitle.namespace == 0 then
			local key = currentTitle.prefixedText
			builder:wikitext('[[Category:Wp/pih/Location maps with marks outside map and outside parameter not set|' .. key .. ' ]]')
		end
	end
	local mark = args.mark or map('mark')
	if mark == '' then
		mark = 'Red pog.svg'
	end
	local marksize = tonumber(args.marksize) or tonumber(map('marksize')) or 8
	local imageDiv = markImageDiv(mark, marksize, args.label or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text, args.link or '', args.alt, args[2])
	local label_size = args.label_size or 91
	local labelDiv
	if args.label and args.position ~= 'none' then
		labelDiv = markLabelDiv(args.label, label_size, args.label_width or 6, args.position, args.background, x, marksize)
	end
	return builder:node(markOuterDiv(x, y, imageDiv, labelDiv, label_size))
end

local function switcherSeparate(s)
	if s == nil then return {} end
	local retval = {}
	for i in string.gmatch(s .. '#', '([^#]*)#') do
		i = mw.text.trim(i)
		retval[#retval + 1] = (i ~= '' and i)
	end
	return retval
end

function p.infobox_pushpin_map(frame)
	--This function is designed to be invoked from an infobox template
	--* Some parameters (generally starting with &quot;pushpin_&quot;) are meant to be exposed as parameters
	--   in the outer infobox, settable by editors
	--* Others are meant to be &quot;hidden&quot; (e.g., only set inside the infobox template code)
	-- First get the combined arguments from both parent and invocation frame
	local raw_args = getArgs(frame)
	
	--If no map is supplied, return.
	if not raw_args['pushpin_map'] then
		return
	end

	--If no coordinates supplied, return.
	if not raw_args['coordinates'] then
		return
	end

	-- Now get arguments from just the invocation frame
	local frame_args = getArgs(frame,{frameOnly=true})
	
	-- parsed_args will have the resulting merged parameters 
	local parsed_args = {}

	-- Parse the arguments
	parsed_args[1] = raw_args['pushpin_map']
	parsed_args.float = frame_args.float or 'center'
	parsed_args.border = frame_args.border or 'infobox'
	parsed_args.default_width = frame_args.default_width
	parsed_args.max_width = frame_args.max_width
	parsed_args.coordinates = raw_args['coordinates'] 
	parsed_args.caption = raw_args['pushpin_caption']
	parsed_args.relief = raw_args['pushpin_relief']
	parsed_args.label = raw_args['pushpin_label']
	parsed_args.label_size = raw_args['pushpin_label_size']
	parsed_args.position = raw_args['pushpin_label_position']
	parsed_args.mark = raw_args['pushpin_mark']
	parsed_args.marksize = raw_args['pushpin_mark_size']
	parsed_args.alt = raw_args['pushpin_alt']
	parsed_args.background = raw_args['pushpin_background']
	parsed_args.width = raw_args['pushpin_map_size']

	local map = {}
	local caption_list = {}

	for mapname in string.gmatch(parsed_args[1], '[^#]+') do
		map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
	end
	
	if parsed_args['caption'] then
		for caption in mw.text.gsplit(parsed_args['caption'], '##', true) do
			caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = caption
		end
	end
	
	if #map == 1 then 
		map = map[1]
		if not parsed_args.caption then
			parsed_args.caption = 'Location within ' .. map('name')
		end
	end

	if type(map) == 'table' then
		mw.log('----')
		mw.logObject(map)
		if #caption_list &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d captions were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #caption_list, #map))
		elseif not parsed_args.caption then
			-- Set a default caption for each of the multiple maps
			for i=1, #map do
				caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = 'Location within '.. map[i]('name')
			end
		end
		
		local outputs = {}
		parsed_args.autoSwitcherLabel = true
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			parsed_args.caption = caption_list[k]
			outputs[k] = p.main(frame, parsed_args, v)
		end
		return '&lt;div class=&quot;switcher-container&quot;&gt;' .. table.concat(outputs) .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return p.top(frame, parsed_args, map) .. tostring( p.mark(frame, parsed_args, map) ) .. p.bottom(frame, parsed_args, map)
	end
end

function p.main(frame, args, map)
	local caption_list = {}
	if not args then
		args = getArgs(frame, {wrappers = 'Template:Wp/pih/Location map', valueFunc = p.valueFunc})
	end
	if args.useWikidata == nil then
		args.useWikidata = true
	end
	if not map then
		if args[1] then
			map = {}
			for mapname in string.gmatch(args[1], '[^#]+') do
				map[#map + 1] = p.getMapParams(mw.ustring.gsub(mapname, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1'), frame)
			end
			if args['caption'] then
				if args['caption'] == &quot;&quot; then
					while #caption_list &lt; #map do
						caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = args['caption']
					end
				else
					for caption in mw.text.gsplit(args['caption'], '##', true) do
						caption_list[#caption_list + 1] = caption
					end
				end
			end
			if #map == 1 then map = map[1] end
		else
			map = p.getMapParams('World', frame)
		end
	end
	if type(map) == 'table' then
		local altmaps = switcherSeparate(args.AlternativeMap)
		if #altmaps &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d AlternativeMaps were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #altmaps, #map))
		end
		local overlays = switcherSeparate(args.overlay_image)
		if #overlays &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d overlay_images were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #overlays, #map))
		end
		if #caption_list &gt; #map then
			error(string.format('%d captions were provided, but only %d maps were provided', #caption_list, #map))
		end
		local outputs = {}
		args.autoSwitcherLabel = true
		for k,v in ipairs(map) do
			args.AlternativeMap = altmaps[k]
			args.overlay_image = overlays[k]
			args.caption = caption_list[k]
			outputs[k] = p.main(frame, args, v)
		end
		return '&lt;div class=&quot;switcher-container&quot;&gt;' .. table.concat(outputs) .. '&lt;/div&gt;'
	else
		return p.top(frame, args, map) .. tostring( p.mark(frame, args, map) ) .. p.bottom(frame, args, map)
	end
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>c49odvozm4n03kb3fwngjyfd85sig38</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/bom/Negwi Ywey</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3792695</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304699</id>
      <parentid>7301229</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:10:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304699</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="460" sha1="f5v4niygn9dw93lfjy0c7ztv2tk5843" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de m

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>f5v4niygn9dw93lfjy0c7ztv2tk5843</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304700</id>
      <parentid>7304699</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:10:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304700</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="461" sha1="cplfzxktut3hn94bke8ckdar1pzezc1" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mw

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>cplfzxktut3hn94bke8ckdar1pzezc1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304701</id>
      <parentid>7304700</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:10:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304701</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="462" sha1="0ergoco0gba24w0vopsvpdmeufoekep" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwa

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>0ergoco0gba24w0vopsvpdmeufoekep</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304702</id>
      <parentid>7304701</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:10:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304702</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="463" sha1="eix841cm4a1hdjn710pdebxu4ohbuf5" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>eix841cm4a1hdjn710pdebxu4ohbuf5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304704</id>
      <parentid>7304702</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:11:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304704</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="465" sha1="afuofconwwnqophrb7rys54gh725ovu" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat h

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>afuofconwwnqophrb7rys54gh725ovu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304705</id>
      <parentid>7304704</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:12:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304705</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="466" sha1="aa63skbst6039qkfhwiepxqagyu3jyw" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hw

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>aa63skbst6039qkfhwiepxqagyu3jyw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304706</id>
      <parentid>7304705</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:13:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304706</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="467" sha1="os2f1gh1y723isu0l30gucks1ea0lfu" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwa

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>os2f1gh1y723isu0l30gucks1ea0lfu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304707</id>
      <parentid>7304706</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:13:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304707</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="468" sha1="f4pjxqzxi8vwdbwv0cpt1kngm7cqthd" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>f4pjxqzxi8vwdbwv0cpt1kngm7cqthd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304708</id>
      <parentid>7304707</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:14:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304708</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="470" sha1="h6fnui7spx7wo7w10fgvbnzslhx6tny" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>h6fnui7spx7wo7w10fgvbnzslhx6tny</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304709</id>
      <parentid>7304708</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:14:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304709</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="471" sha1="8gd771di9x7vm1rd8e08y97420543bp" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e 

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>8gd771di9x7vm1rd8e08y97420543bp</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304710</id>
      <parentid>7304709</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:15:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304710</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e t

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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      <origin>7304711</origin>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔ

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>81c9sn81hr9egfbp8h6lmx3wc9jy6pl</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk d

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>2nh0bgbheb7bmb3pil7zrirjcjdcoin</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di 

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di k

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko 

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko b

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bw

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwa

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>g44r8f73w815x8apkivd9jmjypa25nc</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwan

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang 

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>4juddojwsmbj1aeufz43l12ek1zh3d7</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang b

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>ldc3yujwaimqtpllo36jlzg0fihbfk3</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang be

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>0m6rnvvhrc8962zizaa7jk5hks36sl6</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bem

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>1a5zq33baobioelbisninwjqsfmrtz6</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bema

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>gh4xjwzvldv0vqhol4v2vvta4i487pw</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>9jav74gloq0kfhe47zwlst10clr9kxd</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat b

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>niklvjitl2mbufbs4s3wipsemq0hj9m</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>ln0errok8jlob5fd8icyf9ihpha2k3m</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be t

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>959szkape3extlzj6uv2r2qc0f7q4w3</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔ

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:48:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>2607738</id>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk d

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>1vi3ylthqu7qk38f3d2xpriszly0k3w</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di w

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛ

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt.

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>ih7kiueten06p3briweuvyy06u10zai</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. N

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Ne

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Neg

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negw

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>7mr0kokvy8qx8zah3una2b3ohmnmepy</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi 

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Y

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>f4llh2uoa2le7m0wqkpn2fwrorwsxtu</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Yw

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>4fis19otoofkfbg1nb1v8sf9aluj0ob</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywe

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>qv5vdz9rjf5kev19hzpjckiy3xden3l</sha1>
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      <text bytes="521" sha1="o2njcx7y0izonbv145oska8qrblkxlk" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>o2njcx7y0izonbv145oska8qrblkxlk</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey n

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>odp2tvezu61v9ajt4p7ajk36uf3fi26</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na t

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>nrycem7uivy8uhgx7ixli3rso0nb5jw</sha1>
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        <id>2607738</id>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to s

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>c63g5dl6epu6gx3ey07pyv65hdsy3zi</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>oudpd4073cvhtqxzxjm5w5se58e66lm</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé b

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛ

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛr

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛ

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛn

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>r3l2coyashj4b9e9pyzao2vmqi4j0rx</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng 

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>esuvjnyuole61uqa8hdhdtj92pv9vkq</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng b

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>7te56aac9gmjw8x2v4x6961cg3n1932</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng ba 

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>mgi7y9ootts4v3kmowwtnpu5ow7ppxp</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng ba z

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>mse42wiyiobqs1bquf8qkv2aburryti</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazi

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazin

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>2mrryqhkcr4f4uhjpm71kxf1d58o421</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e 

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e j

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji y

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji ye

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>59gcnpsg2j5ok5jzp2lnu50lzw8jekz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304780</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:05:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304780</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="557" sha1="t1p2tgnqxh5r6kvrh5lmodumtvgg6xj" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey 

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>t1p2tgnqxh5r6kvrh5lmodumtvgg6xj</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304781</id>
      <parentid>7304780</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:05:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>2607738</id>
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      <origin>7304781</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="558" sha1="4d61v4aj4b5gmqcdn6lhaomhmek95jt" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey m

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>4d61v4aj4b5gmqcdn6lhaomhmek95jt</sha1>
    </revision>
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      <origin>7304782</origin>
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      <text bytes="559" sha1="hdu3oek98jyye4p5ra2h6gjgpl831k5" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mw

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>hdu3oek98jyye4p5ra2h6gjgpl831k5</sha1>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwa

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>fxufwiahko42l4g8iur7zmd07woeoye</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
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      <contributor>
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'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>t2ba7tl5n1qdmv43ounj1jwagxhvc2t</sha1>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304785</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="562" sha1="cke9gtrx1m854i2g8rr8e8tnw6kbf9g" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat.

Vision broadly means the act of seeing or the ability to think about the future with imagination and wisdom. It has three primary applications: physical sight, forward-looking imagination, and profound mental images.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>cke9gtrx1m854i2g8rr8e8tnw6kbf9g</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304786</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="344" sha1="ozy52b58bjhzk4vyrretyspjh70r14a" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>ozy52b58bjhzk4vyrretyspjh70r14a</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304790</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="345" sha1="a0ejp027n9ep2lmgbpqs60rin2bt56l" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. 'Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>a0ejp027n9ep2lmgbpqs60rin2bt56l</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
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      <parentid>7304790</parentid>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304791</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="346" sha1="bs5j1jvtr45rftjswgimqefg37o5i9e" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. ''Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>bs5j1jvtr45rftjswgimqefg37o5i9e</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304792</id>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304792</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="347" sha1="2agg2nal6r5fuiwd2rw40lsbjs2jbeb" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. '''Negwi Ywey na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>2agg2nal6r5fuiwd2rw40lsbjs2jbeb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304793</id>
      <parentid>7304792</parentid>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304793</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="348" sha1="a4zpldfz3b8es2ug7htjw9i4xwjflid" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. '''Negwi Ywey' na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>a4zpldfz3b8es2ug7htjw9i4xwjflid</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304794</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="349" sha1="ltx3jznjho92x8tuid7fd4seklind5n" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. '''Negwi Ywey'' na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>ltx3jznjho92x8tuid7fd4seklind5n</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304795</id>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304795</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="350" sha1="da0tac0yncuqe27x32rqezfrfxuu2j0" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. '''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>da0tac0yncuqe27x32rqezfrfxuu2j0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
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      <parentid>7304795</parentid>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304796</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="351" sha1="oj4ukqek1gzsqgk8y7lv30vj32ep7f9" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. '''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. 'Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>oj4ukqek1gzsqgk8y7lv30vj32ep7f9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304797</id>
      <parentid>7304796</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:18:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304797</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="352" sha1="ms63pkdglw6tkiob9j9cdj6c3rrdphz" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. '''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. ''Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>ms63pkdglw6tkiob9j9cdj6c3rrdphz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304798</id>
      <parentid>7304797</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:18:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304798</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="353" sha1="0cs6xvp2hkpvgh6jhaeoko36p09sfik" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. '''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. '''Negwi Ywey na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>0cs6xvp2hkpvgh6jhaeoko36p09sfik</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304799</id>
      <parentid>7304798</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:18:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304799</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="354" sha1="9kfbd0mtwxej7ijbmjwhhgpyp6lzb96" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. '''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. '''Negwi Ywey' na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>9kfbd0mtwxej7ijbmjwhhgpyp6lzb96</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304800</id>
      <parentid>7304799</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:19:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304800</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="355" sha1="t20ienw92rugqbev0cxod5q0m8oja6n" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. '''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. '''Negwi Ywey'' na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>t20ienw92rugqbev0cxod5q0m8oja6n</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304801</id>
      <parentid>7304800</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:19:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniel Fom</username>
        <id>2607738</id>
      </contributor>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="356" sha1="9i1q9yubg5dea4tdqt416b5fx3cbdgc" xml:space="preserve">
'''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng pyɛ cak e ji yey mo, ko mwat hwak e tɔk di wɛt, sɛ̌ hwo njumo zɔng. '''Negwi Ywey''' na sé bɛrɛng yikyik de mwat hwak e tɔk di ko bwang bemat be tɔk di wɛt. '''Negwi Ywey''' na to sé bɛrɛng bazina e ji yey mwat.

==Kwɔnsɛ̂==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Category:Wp/bom]]
[[Category:Wp/bom/Berom Wikipedia Outreach]]</text>
      <sha1>9i1q9yubg5dea4tdqt416b5fx3cbdgc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
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      <text bytes="1003" sha1="ojwf29sl6btq9jdkglzsjugbxttzfyc" xml:space="preserve">Kue srikaya merupakan kudapan khas Kota Palembang yang punyo warna hijau dengan aroma khas daun pandan serta tekstur yang lembut dan legit. Kue ko dibuat dari campuran telur, gula pasir, santan, dan sari pandan tanpa menggunakan tepung. Sering disajikan sebagai takjil atau hidangan berbuka puasa. Kue ko memiliki cita rasa manis, tekstur lembut, dan umumnya dikonsumsi basamo ketan yang disajikan secara terpisah.

Kue srikaya biasanya dikonsumsi dengan ketan atau roti tawar, tapi biso jugo dimakan langsung. Pada bulan ramadhan, kue ko sering dijual di pasar tradisional dan pasar bedug di Palembang. Secara tradisional, kue srikaya dibuat menggunakan santan glundu, tapi biso jugo pake santan kemasan dengan tambahan air. Warna hijau pada kue ko dapat berasal dari sari pandan asli atau pasta pandan buatan. Dalam tradisi Palembang, kue srikaya sering disaji sebagai hidangan penutup dalam prosesi &quot;ngidang&quot; yaitu tata cara penyajian makanan pada acara sedekahan dan pernikahan.

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See also: [[Wy/kpv]] and [[Wy/koi]].

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      <text bytes="81490" sha1="cjch4jyaqelqy8f1gsyaszxial48dgv" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Europe (orthographic projection).svg|thumb|250px|Европа Мушар карта вылын]]
[[File:Rectified Languages of Europe map.png|thumb|250px|right|Европаса кывъяс]]
[[File:Grossgliederung Europas.png|thumb|250px|Европа юкöнъяс]]
[[File:First.Crusade.Map.jpg|thumb|250px|Европа, 1000.]]
'''Европа''' – квайт му юкöнъясысь öти. Куйлö войвыв шарджынйын. Öтув [[Wy/kv/Азия|Азиякöд]] артмöдö [[Wy/kv/Евразия|Евразия]] мувеж.
 
Мувывтор 10.523.000 км².&lt;ref&gt;[https://mapuniversal.com/europe-continent-map/ European Continent/Map of Europe], Map Universal&lt;/ref&gt;
 
Олысьяс – 680 млн. морт.

== Ыджда, куйланiн да дорöсъяс ==

Мукöд му юкöнъяс серти Европа абу ыджыд: мувывторйыс сылöн тöкöтьö öти дас витöд юкöн став косiнсьыс. Европа сэтшöм топыда öтлаасьö [[Wy/kv/Азия|Азия]]кöд – вежтасыс мунö неджуджыд [[Wy/kv/Урал|Урал]] кыръясöд, Урал ю пöлöн да Кума-Маныч лажмалöм кузя, – мый сiйöс позьö лыддьыны [[Wy/kv/Евразия|Евразия]]са кöджöн; космувывса вежтас Европа да Азия костын оз падмöд на костын волысьöмъяслы. Но век жö Европа – торъя му юкöн; сылöн аслас дорöсъяс, аслыссяма климат, сылöн аслас история сöвмöм.

Европа сулалö материк шарджын шöрын, и öттшöтш куим боксянь сiйöс кытшовтöны саридзьяс, кытi мунöны лöсьыд туйяс мукöд му юкöнъясö. [[Wy/kv/Ла-Манш|Ла-Манш]] вис дорын, англъяс сiйöс шуöны [[Wy/kv/Англияса канал|Англияса канал]]öн, öтлаасьöны тöдчана саридзвыв туйяс [[Wy/kv/Войвыв Америка|Войвыв]] да [[Wy/kv/Лунвыв Америка|Лунвыв Америкаысь]], [[Wy/kv/Африка|Африка]]ысь, Азияысь да [[Wy/kv/Австралия (мувеж)|Австралияысь]].

Дорöсыс Европалöн зэв кытшлöса. Некутшöм мöд му юкöн абу татшöма вундассьöма саридзьясöн. Кöджъяс да дiяс босьтöны Европаын коймöд юкöнсö став мувывторсьыс (ордчаöд: Азияын – витöд юкöнсö, Африкаын – ветымынöд юкöн). Татшöм вундассьöмысла саридз кытшовтö Европаöс пöшти быд боксянь да пыдöдз пырö пытшкöсса мутасъясас (вадорлöн кузяыс 117.000 км). Такöд öттшöтш сiйö артмöдö саридз гыясысь тупкöм да портъяс восьтöм вылö лöсялана уна бухта.

[[Wy/kv/Атлантувса океан|Атлантувса океанлöн]] ваыс Европа дорын шоныд да некор оз кынмыв. Лунвывсянь Европаöс кытшовтö джуджыд (4 сюрс м дорысь джуджыдджык) [[Wy/kv/Мушöр саридз|Мушöр саридз]] – Атлантувса океанлöн юкöн. Тайö саридзыс [[Wy/kv/Мрамор саридз|Мрамор]], [[Wy/kv/Сьӧд саридз|Сьӧд]] да [[Wy/kv/Азов саридз|Азов саридзьяскöд]] тшöтш зэв пыдö пырö косiнö. Сьöд да Азов саридзьяс костын, кодъяс йитчöмаöсь Керч вискöн, куйлö [[Wy/kv/Крым|Крым кöдж]].

Вогöгöр Мушöр саридзын ваыс шоныд абу сöмын вевдорас, но и ёна пыдынiнъясын (13° гöгöр), а сэк жö, орччöн, Атлантувса океанын 2 сюрс м пыднаын сöмын 3°. Тайö лоö со мый понда: [[Wy/kv/Гибралтар|Гибралтар]] вис ляпкыд (500 м-ысь ляпкыд). Сэні эм вапытшса коськ, сы вомöн Мушöр саридзö оз вермы веськавны кöдзыд ваыс океан пыдiинъясысь. Тöлын тайö саридзыс шонтö вадоръяссö Европалысь.

Мушöр саридз юксьö Европа кöджъясöн да дiясöн Тиррен, Адриа, Ионика да [[Wy/kv/Эгей саридз|Эгей]] саридзьясö. Рытыввылын Мушöр саридз öтлаасьö Атлантувса океанкöд, асыввылын Дардан да Босфор пыр Сьӧд саридзкӧд, а лунвылын [[Wy/kv/Суэц канал|Суэц каналöн]] сiйö öтлаасьö [[Wy/kv/Индiа океан|Индiа океанкöд]]. Тайö саридзыс – тöдчана саридзвыв туй Европалöн.

Сiйö ворсiс ыджыд роль саридзветлöм сöвмигöн: сы вылын европаса йöз медвойдöр велöдчисны ветлыны паруса пыжъясöн. Не сöмын важъя кадъясö, но и шöр нэмъясын Мушöр саридз вылын вöлiны медся тöдчана вузасян туйяс Европалöн. Мушöр саридз юкö [[Wy/kv/Лунвыв Европа|Лунвыв Европа]]öс куим ыджыд кöдж вылö: Иберия, Апеннина да [[Wy/kv/Балкана кöдж|Балкана кöдж]]ъяс. Лунвыв Европаö пырöны татшöм ыджыдджык дiяс: [[Wy/kv/Корсика|Корсика]], [[Wy/kv/Сардиния|Сардиния]], [[Wy/kv/Сицилия|Сицилия]], [[Wy/kv/Мальта|Мальта]], [[Wy/kv/Крит|Крит]] да уна мукöд дi; [[Wy/kv/Эгей саридз|Эгей саридз]] вылын посни дiяс артмöдöны Элладаса архипелаг. Рытыввылын Европа сiдзжö ёна вундасьöма саридзьясöн. Танi ми аддзам [[Wy/kv/Бискайя куръя|Бискайя куръя]] да [[Wy/kv/Войвыв саридз|Войвыв саридз]], кодöс торйöдöны океанысь кык ыджыд дi: [[Wy/kv/Ыджыд Британия|Ыджыд Британия]] да [[Wy/kv/Ирландия|Ирландия]]. Войвылын [[Wy/kv/Войвыв саридз|Войвыв саридз]] öтлаасьö океанкöд ачыс, а лунвылын – [[Wy/kv/Па-де-Кале|Па-де-Кале]] да [[Wy/kv/Ла-Манш|Ла-Манш]] висъясöн. Войвыв саридз да сылöн висъясыс оз кынмывны сы вöсна, мый сэтчö воö шоныд визув Гольфстрим. Войвывлань [[Wy/kv/Ыджыд Бритму|Ыджыд Бритму]]сянь эм ыджыдкодь дi – [[Wy/kv/Ислан дi|Ислан дi]]. Став вадоръясас Рытыввыв Европаын овлöны ыджыд тулöмъяс да ямлöмъяс; гаваньясöс да ю вомъясöс нюйтысь весалöмöн найö кокньöдöны судноясöн ветлöмсö. Мушöр саридзын тулöмъяс пöшти оз овлыны.

Войвыв саридз асыввывланьын вуджö [[Wy/kv/Балты саридз|Балты саридз]]ö, но сы дiнö туй вылас куйлö [[Wy/kv/Ютлан кöдж|Ютлан кöдж]], кодöс кытшовтöны висъяс. На пытшкысь кык паськыд вис – Скагеррак да Каттегат – оз кынмывны сы вöсна, мый сэтчö воö Гольфстрим. Лунвывланьын насянь мунöны векньыдик висъяс танi куйлысь дiяс костöд; ыджыдджыкыс тайö висъяс пытшкысь – Зунд (Эресун) – тшöкыда тупкысьлö йиöн. Балты саридз абу джуджыд, ваыс дубкодь (сов 1% гöгöр), вадор гöгöртiыс кынмывлö. Тайö саридзыслöн куръяясыс – Ботöн, Соми да Рига – пыдö пырöны войвывлань да асыввывлань. Балты саридзысь Войвыв саридзö Ютлан гöгöр кузь туйсö дженьдöдö Кильса канал, кодöс кодйöма Ютлан кöдж лунвыв юкöн вомöн.

[[Wy/kv/Скандi кöдж|Скандi кöдж]] – Европаын медся ыджыд. Рытыввывладорсянь сiйö зэв ёна вундассьöма кузь да джуджыд куръяясöн-фьордъясöн, кодъяс некор оз кынмывны [[Wy/kv/Гольфстрим|Гольфстрим]] вöсна. Гольфстрим гöгöртö Ислан дi да сiдзжö пырö и Баренц саридзö. Тайö медся войвыв саридз Европаын, но Кола кöджса Мурман вадор пöлöн тöвбыд позьö ветлыны пыжъясöн. А Еджыд саридз вылын квайт тöлысь уялö йи. Войвыв йиа океанын куйлöны дiяс: Шпицберген, Франц-Иосиф Му, Выль Му, Колгуй да Вайгач.

Европалöн шöркодь отын, материк шарджынын куйлöмыс дай сэки жö öттшöтш саридзьяс кытшын олöмыс лоö сылы бура кивыв. Вадорыс сылöн сэтшöма вундассьöма, мый медся ылi местаöдз саридзсянь Шöрвыв Европаын 600 км, а Асыввыв Европа дорын, Азиякöд вештасöдзыс – 1400 км.

== Веркöс ==

Европа – медся лажмыд му юкöн: сэнi абуöсь вывтас тшöтшкöсiнъяс, уна места босьтöны увтасъяс. Медыджыдъясыс на пöвстысь: Асыввыв-Европаса увтас (сiйö öтнас босьтö материк джынсö), сэсся Войвыв-Немеч да Войвыв-Франсса увтасъяс. Ичöдджык лоö Ломбард увтас (По ю кузя), Дунайшöр (либö Мадьяр увтас) на Дунайгорув.

=== Кöрöм том кыръяса мутас ===
Медыджыд кыръяс Европаын – Альпъяс. Найö нюжöдчöны мегырöн Мушöр саридз вадорсянь Мадьяр увтасöдз. Йывъясыс налöн: Монблан (Франс муын), Монтэ-Роза (Италияын), Юнгфрау (Швейцар муын) да уна мукöд вевттьысьöмöсь некор сывлытöм нэмся лымйöн: бокъяссьыс ковтысъясö кузя лэччöны кыссян йияс. Öти кыссян йи на пöвтысь – Алеч, медыджыдыс Альпъясын, 24 км кузьта; тайö лоö Рона юлы ва сетысьяс пытшкысь öти глетчер.

Альпъяс вель кузя нюжвидзöны орчча чукыръясöн, кодъяс торъялöны мöда-мöдсьыс кузьмöс ковтысъясöн. Налöн сюрсаясыс пиняöсь, йывъясыс ёсьöсь, бокъясас пыдöдз кодйысьöмаöсь вомöна сёртасъяс. Татшöм быдсикас формаыс лоö быдпöлöс му кыш породаяс вöсна, кодъясысь тэчöмöсь чукыръясыс: сэнi эмöсь и рышкыд породаяс, шуам сёй да мергель, и чорыдджык породаяс, кыдзи лыа изъяс да извесьт изъяс, и медбöрти, медчорыдъяс – гранит да гнейс. Рышкыд породаясöс кокниа нуö ваöн, а чорыдъясыс кольöны сюрсаясöн да йывъясöн.

Лунвылын Альпъяслöн нюжалöмöн лоöны Апеннинъяс, Сицилияса кыръяс да войвыв Африкалöн Атласс кыръяс. Гибралтар пыр керöс чукыръяс вуджöны Иберия кöдж лунвылö. Рытыввылын Альпъяс дорö топ воöны Пиренейяс да Кантабрия кыръяс. Асыв-лунвылын Альпъяс вуджöны Динара кыръясö. Динара кыръяс артмöмаöсь руд, виж либö гöрд извесьт изъясысь, кодъяс кокниа лэдзöны ас пырыс ва. Кыръяс пытшкас эм зэв уна мугорс, кытi визувтöны мупытшса шоръяс да юяс. Адриа саридз вывтi карабöн мунiгöн аддзан Динара керöс кыркöтшъясысь лыдтöм мугорс вомъяс.

Асыввылын Альп кыръяссянь нюжалöны Карпатъяс, Балканъяс, на бöрын Крым да Кавказ кыръяс. Тайö став кыръясыс – кöрöм кыръяс, да и артмöмаöсь найö (Крым кыръясысь кындзи) öти кадö Альпъяскöд, – ставыс найö том кыръяс Европалöн.

Сэки жö, кор кыпöдчöмаöсь чукыръяс, мукöд юкöнъясыс косiнлöн лэччöмаöсь увлань; на местаын артмöмны саридзьяс – Эгей, Адриа, Тиррен – либö артмöмаöсь увтасъяс – Ломбард увтас, Дунайшöр, Дунайгорув. Тайö увтасъясыс коркö вöвлöмны саридз куръяясöн, кодъяс бöрынджык тырöмаöсь юöн вайöмторъясöн.

=== Важъя керöс массивъяс да мылькъяса шыльыдiнъяс ===
Войвывланьын да рытыввывланьын Альп кыръяссянь сулалöны ёна важся керöс массивъяс: Шöрвыв-Немеч да Франсса. Найö артмылiсны Альпъясысь водзджык да коркö вöлiны джуджыд кöрöм кыръясöн жö, но бöрынджык найö жугласисны: зэръяс да визув ваяс кырöдiсны найöс подулöдзыс да шыльöдiсны.

На местаын вöлiны нин шыльыдiнъяс, кор пондiсны кыпöдчыны выль кöрöм кыръяс – Альпъяс да мукöд. Альпъяс чукыръяссянь личкöмла кыръяслöн ёна важся подувъясыс торъялiсны локöбъясö; мукöд локöбъясыс петiсны мусьыс да кыпöдчисны вывлань, артмöдiсны паськыд мусюръяс, а мукöдыс – лэччисны потасъясöдыс увлань, и сэнi лоины ковтысъяс да нёптовъяс. 

Кöнсюрö немеч да франсса массивъяс вылын сулалöны кусöм вулканъяс, конусъясыс да кратеръясыс налöн и öнi на зэв бура тыдалöны. Найö артмалiсны коркö потасъясас да дыр ыпъялiсны, шыблалiсны пöим да лэдзисны лава шоръяс; öнi найö подулысь петöны шоныд, оз этшаысь, минерал ваа öшмöсъяс.

Уна массивъяслöн бокъясыс шыльыдöсь, йывъясыс гöгрöсöсь либö плавкöсöсь. Важ массивъяс лыдын жö – Донецк кряж да Урал, а сiдзжö Пеннинса да Скотлан кыръяс Ыджыд Бритму дi вылын.

Войвыв-Немеч да Франс увтасъяс – мылькъяса шыльыдiнъяс; найö – ёна лэччöм важ локöбъяс.

=== Асыввыв-Европаса шыльыдiн да Фенно-Скандiвывса массив ===
Дзик мöднога лоö Асыввыв Европа, кöнi паськыда куйлö шыльыд да öтсяма Асыввыв-Европаса шыльыдiн. Тайö – асыввывсянь Урал мусюрöн вежтасалöм паськыд увтас, кодi сöмын кöнсюрö кайö 200 м-ысь вылöджык да артмöдö Шöрвыв-Роч, Волгадор, Волыня-Подолйö да мукöд вывтасъяс. Шöрвыв-Роч вывтас дiнö топ пуксьöм Донец кряж. Каспи саридз дорын Асыввыв-Европаса шыльыдiн лэччö океан тшупöдысь улöджык (Каспи лайков). Волга либö Ока вывтi, Волхов вывтi мунiгöн аддзан вадор кыркöтшъяссьыс веськыд, пöшти эжтас нога пöвстъяс быдсикас му кыш породаяслысь. Тайö пöвстъяссö пуктöмаöсь саридзьяс, кодъяс войдöр танi вöлiны. Тайö пуксьöм породаяс вылас куйлöны кыссян йиöн вайöмторъяс – пыдöсса либö помся моренаяс, кодъяс тэчöмöсь öтгудыр сёй, лыа да из-валунъясысь.

Кыссян йиöн пуктöм породаясöн тупкысьлiсны эз сöмын став вадорвывъясыс Балты да Войвыв саридзьяслöн. Кыссян йи дзоньнас тыртiс тайö саридзьяслысь местаяссö да колис сэтчö моренаяс. Войвыв Европаын сулалö Фенно-Скандiвывса керöс массив. Тайö зэв важся массивыс артмöма гранитъясысь (руд да гöрд гранитъяс), гнейсъясысь да кристаллсяма сланечьясысь. Веркöсас сылöн рышкыд муыс этша, – сiйöс пöшти дзоньнас вундöма йи да нуöма ылö асыв-лунвылö да лунвылö. Танi, быдлаын тыдалöны гранит мылькъяс, найöс шыльöдöма йиöн, мукöдсö весиг мольöдöма (меж плешъяс). Быдлаö разöдöма зэв гырысь изъяс-валунъяс. Рытыв-войладорыс тайö массивыслöн кыпöдчö вывлань; сэнi сулалöны Скандiвывса кыръяс, паськыд да шыльыд йывъясаöсь – фьельдъясаöсь, 1½–2½ сюрс м-öдз судтананыс; медджуджыд фьельдъяс вылас куйлöны сывлытöм лымъяс да кыссян йияс. Тайö кыръясыс и вевттьысьлöмаöсь йизьылан кадö кыз йиöн (1 км-ысь кызджык), да тасянь йиыс мунлöма асыв-лунвылö – Рочьяс мутасö – да лунвылö – Немечьяс мутасö.

Рытыввылын кыссян йияс лэччалöмны Атлантувса океанö да тöдчисны Скандiвывса кыръясса рытыввыв склон рельеф вылын. Найö пыдöдзджык кодйисны кырвыв ковтысъяс да нуисны сэтысь став рышкыд породаяссö, ковтысъяссö пöртiсны джуджыд сёртасъясö. Кор кыссян йияс сылiсны, сэки саридзыс пырис сёртасъясас да пöртiс найöс бужöда джуджыд вадоръяса кузь саридз куръяясö – фьордъясö. Фьордъяслöн кузьтаыс 150 километрöдз дай унджык (Согне-фьорд). Фьордъяс пырöны кыръясö сёртасъясöн, сёртас пыдöсас ва; ваыс сэтшöм джуджыд, мый фьордъясöд вермöны ветлыны океанвывса паракодъяс.

=== Мупытшкса шедтасъяс ===
Том кöрöм кыръясысь торъя нин озырöсь мупытшкса шедтасъясöн. Карпатъяс, кодъяслöн асыввывса подувъясыс озырöсь мусирöн да солöн, и Кавказ кыръяс, кодъяс зэв озырöсь мусирöн да уна мукöд мупытшкса шедтасъясöн.

Мупытшкса шедтасъяс Рытыввыв да Лунвыв Европаын куйлöны медсясö важ массивъяс пытшкын. Шуам, Рейндорса Сланеча кыръяс войвывса подувъяс дорын, сэнi, кöнi визувтö Рур ю, Рейнлöн вожыс, эм мутас, кöнi гырысь пöвстъясöн куйлö изшом. Тайö мутасыс шусьö Рур бассейнöн. Ёна озыр изшомöн, а сiдзжö цинкöн Силезияса бассейн. Уна изшом сiдзжö Ыджыд Бритму дi вылын. Важъя кöрöм чуркöс кыръяс Испанияын да Франс муын (Лотарингияын) озырöсь кöртöн. 
Донецк кряж да Урал – важъя кöрöм кыръяс, кодъяс ёна жугласьöмаöсь да пöрöмаöсь массивъясö. Донецк кряж озыр из шомöн, а Урал – кöрт рудаясöн.

Озыр куйласъяс кöрт рудаяслöн эм Кривöй Рогын и Курскса магнит бöбманiнын – сэн и тан матын му веркöс дiнын куйлöны кöрт рудакöд сорöн кварцитъяс.

Фенно-Скандiвывса массив озыр кöрт рудаясöн, мукöдлаын тайö массив вылас дзонь кыръясöн куйлö магнита кöртаиз, – сэтшöм лоö Кируна керöс Швецияын. 

=== Вулкана мутасъяс ===
Европаö пырö Ислан дi; сiйö – косiнлöн коляс, кодi öтлаавлiс войдöр Европаöс Гренлан дiкöд. Тэчасног сертиыс Ислан дi öтсяма кодь Скандi кöджкöд да Ыджыд Бритму войвыв юкöнкöд, но сiйö торъялö наысь сiйöн, мый сэнi уна ыпъялан вулкан, зэв уна пöсь ключ да гейзер, сэн жö джуджыдджык вулканъяс вылын, шуам, Гекла вылын, куйлöны пырся лымъяс да кыссян йияс.

Кыссян йияс Ислан дiын босьтöны унапöв унджык места Альпъясын серти. Лава шыбласигöн лымйыс да йиыс на вылын сылöны, сэки пöим сора пöсь ва паськыд юясöн лэччö ковтысъясöд, сьöрсьыс нуö изъяс да йиторъяс.

Ислан дiын кындзи, ыпъялан вулканъяс эмöсь Европаын Мушöр саридз вадоръясын – Везувий Апеннина кöдж вылын, Этна Сицилия дi вылын, Санторин – Балкана кöджсянь лунвывланьын. Сэнi тшöкыда овлöны зэв ыджыд мувöрöмъяс, да та дырйи му кышас артмöны джуджыд потасъяс.

Ставыс тайö лоö Эгей да Тиррен саридз пыдöслöн увлань лэччöмла.

Увлань лэччöмыс Европаын эм и мукöд местаясын, но дойдана сыркнитчöмъястöг да мувöрöмъястöг. Шуам, надзöник лэччöны став вадоръясыс Войвыв саридзлöн. Сы понда Нидерланъясын да войвыв Немеч муын увтас вадоръяссö саридзöн босьтöмысь вöчöма гырысь помöдъяс. Нидерланъясын вадорыс лэччö 3 м кымын быд сё воöн, да тöдчана юкöн тайö канмуыслöн куйлö саридз веркöс тшупöдысь улынджык. Мöдарö, войвыв Скандi кöджлöн да Соми мулöн вадоръясыс кайöны Ботöн куръя дорын 1 м гöгöр быд сё воöн.

=== Европа веркöс йылысь кывкöртöд ===
Кызвын веркöсыс Европалöн мортлы овны шань. Джуджыд кыръяс (1500 м-ысь вылынджык) босьтöны танi этша места. Шыльыдiнъяс, платояс (вывтас тшöтшкöсiнъяс) да неджуджыд керöс бокъяс небыд муаöсь, видзму овмöслы зэв лöсялöны. Торъя бур муа лоö лёсса от, кодi куйлö важъя кыссян йи лунвыв дор пöлöн.

Лёсс – югыдвиж посни синма извесьта сёя му, кор сiйö кырö, кольöны сувтса (вертикаль нога) бердъяс.

Тшöкыда лёсс овлö сьöдмулы мусинподöн либö сы кодь жö шогман мусинъяслы мусинподöн. Лёсса муяслöн бурлуныс лоö калиöн, извесьт изйöн да сiсьмöг озырлун вöсна.

Зэв шогманöсь вулкан гöгöръясын мусинъяс, кодъяс вылö пуксьöма пöим.

Туйяс вöчöмлы Европалöн кыръяс оз торкны; на вылö каянiнъясыс кызвынысьсö абу зöмöсь, вуджанiнъясыс абу зэв джуджыдöсь.

Сьöкыд вöлi вöчны туйсö сöмын джуджыд кыръяс вомöн, шуам Альпъяс вомöн. Но и сэнi öнi вöчöма кöрттуйяс, мусюръяссö найö вуджöны тоннельясöд. Тоннельяссö кодйöма керöс пырыс динамитöн. Сен-Готард тоннель, 15 км кузьта, кодйисны 20 сюрс уджалысь 10 во чöж. Сен-Готард вуджанiн коли дзонь километрöн вылынджык тоннельсьыс, но и сэтi ветлöны öнi шоссе вывтi автомобильясöн.

Альпъяс вылö ветлö уна турист, и налы сэнi вöчöма, кöрттуйясысь öтдор, нöшта пиня да канатвывса туйяс, кытi туристъяс вермöны кайны джуджыд кыръяс вылö Альпъясöн нимкодясьöм могысь. Татшöм туйсö вöчöма весигтö Швейцар Альпъяс йылö – Юнгфрау вылö (4170 м).

Джуджыд кыръяс Европаын сулалöны сiдзи, мый найö оз падмöдны тöвъяслы океансянь пырны медся ылi юкöнъясас.
 
== Климат ==

Европа – му юкöнъяс пиысь öтнасöн пöшти дзоньнас сулалö шöркодь вöньын.
Европалöн климат торъялö быдсикаслунöн: тöдчана торъялöмъяс эм не сöмын войвыв да лунвыв костын, но и рытыввыв да асыввыв костын.

=== Гольфстрим ===
Европа климатлы ыджыд тöдчанлун кутö Гольфстрим, мушар вылын медся ён шоныд ва визув. Гольфстрим вайö Европа вадоръясö тропикса шондiöн шонтöм ва.

Гольфстрим вöсна Войвыв саридз некор оз кынмывлы. Балты саридзлöн шöр юкöныс сiдзжö оз йизьывлы; Соми да Ботöн куръяяс кынмылöны кымынкö тöлысь кежлö, а сэки жö Хадсон куръяын, кодi куйлö сiйö жö пасьтöсын, весиг гожöмын уялö йи. Атлантувса океан Скандi кöдж рытыввыв вадоръясын оз кынмывлы некор, а налы паныда Гренлан дi вадоръясын сiйö пöшти вогöгöр йи улын. Гольфстрим мунö и Войвыв йиа океанö. Танi сiйö вештö Европа вадоръясысь полюсдор уялан йияссö.

Гольфстрим вöсна Европаын климат шоныдджык сiйö жö параллельясса Америкаын да Азияын серти. Гренлан дi – материквывса йи улын, а Скандi кöдж вылын сiйö жö пасьтöсын бура быдмöны лыска вöръяс. Лабрадор вадоръяс вылын кöдзыд визув вöсна куйлöны тундраяс, и тайö став кöдж вылас оз позь нуöдны видзму овмöс; такöд тшöтш, Европаын сiйö жö пасьтöс вылын (50-сянь 60°-öд параллельöдз) быдлаын бура быдмöны няньяс да фрукта пуяс.
Азияын 50-öд параллель мунö Сахалинöд; сэнi вогöгöрся шöр шонтöг 0° гöгöр, а Европаын тайö жö пасьтöсас быдлаын кöдзöны шобдi, а мукöдлаас вöдитöны весиг винатусь; вогöгöрся шöр шонтöг танi шоныд 10° гöгöр. 

=== Рытывтöвъяс ===
Тайö ставыс, дерт, абу куш Гольфстрим сайын. Европа сулалö шöркодь вöньын сiйö отас, кöнi кызвынысьсö овлöны рытывтöвъяс, кодъяс пöльтöны Атлантувса океансянь, и кöнi тшöкыда мунлöны рытывсянь асыввылö циклонъяс.

Рытывтöвъяс, кöть и оз век пöльтны Европаын, но унджыкысь дай ёнджыка мукöд тöвъяс серти. Найö шоналöны Гольфстримсянь, ульсалöны сiйö шоныд руöн да нуöны васö руöн да кымöръясöн материк пасьталаыс; тöлын найö небзьöдöны кöдзыдъяс, а гожöмын чинтöны жар.

Европаын циклонъяс вын сертиныс оз вермыны водзсасьны Азияса тайфунъяскöд да Америкаса торнадокöд; найö шоча петлöны ыджыд тöвныръясöн, но сы пыдди найö паськыда мунöны – 1000 км пасьта гöгöр. Кыптöны-чужтысьöны найö Атлантувса океынын, кор шоныд сынöд визув паныдасьö кöдзыд сынöд визувкöд. Шоныд сынöд Европаö локтö Гольфстрим пöлöн лунвывсянь, а кöдзыд сынöд локтö войвывсянь – Гренлан дiсянь. Циклонъяс локтöны Европаö, сьöрсьыныс найö вайöны уна уль ру, мыйла и артмöны кымöръяс да усьöны зэръяс, а тайö зэв колантор видзму овмöслы. Но кызвынысьсö циклонъяс мунöны войвывланьынджык 50-öд параллельысь; инъяс, кодъяс куйлöны лунвывланьынджык тайö параллельсьыс Асыввыв Европаын, гожöмнас сюрöны лёка косьтöмъяс улö.

=== Климат Рытыввыв да Асыввыв Европаын ===

Рытыввыв Европаын гожöм абу пöсь; сэтчö тöвъяс океансянь вайöны ыркыд сынöд да уна кымöр; васянь тшöкыда овлöны зэръяс.

Кор рытывтöвъяс мунöны Европа весьттi асыввывлань, найö вочасöн шоналöны да воштöны ассьыныс уль рунысö, торъя нин сэнi, кöнi найö мытшасьöны кыръясö.

Асыввыв Европаын гожöмыс овлö кос да пöсь, торъя нин 50-öд параллельсянь лунвывланьын, кöнi кызвынысьсö гожöмын пöльтöны кос асыв-войтöвъяс. Торъя нин лёка косьтö сэки, кор Асыввыв Европаын дыр сулалö антициклон. Антициклон дырйи поводдя гожöмын вывтi пöсь, лöнь; кымöртчытöм лöз енэжсянь пöдтö-сотö шондi, быдмöгъяс сотчöны.

Но косьтан жаръясыд Асыввыв Европаын унджыкысьсö оз дыр сулавны и вежсьöны зэра поводдяöн. Кор океансянь локтö циклон, сiйö нырнас босьтö сынöдсö лунвылысь, Мушöр да Сьöд саридзьясладорысь. Тайö сынöдас уна ва ру. Кöдзыд сынöдкöд паныдасигöн сiйö (сынöдыс) кайö вывлань, артмöдö гымалан кымöръяс, кодъясысь усьöны кöшысь моз кисьтан зэръяс; но мунас кымöр, и бара нин дзирдалö югыд шондi, öдйö косьтö мусö. Рытыввыв Европаын тöв овлö шоныд да зэра, лым сэнi эськö и усьлö, но дыр куйлö сöмын кыръяс вылын. Став вадоръяс да дiяс, шуам, Ыджыд Бритму, Эйре, тырöны сук руöн.

Кор рытывтöвъяс тöлын мунöны асыввылö, туй вылас налы паныдасьöны пыр кöдзыдджык да кöдзыдджык инъяс, сы понда асьныс тöвъясыс кöдзалöны, а ва руыс наысь усьö лымйöн; сiйöн асыввылын и торъя нин Европа асыв-войвылын куйлöны тöлын джуджыд лымъяс (1 м судтаöдз). Циклонъяс тöлын вайöны пургаяс да турöб поводдяяс. Овлывлö, мукöддырйи найö вайöны ульдылöмъяс. Но векджык Асыввыв Европаын тöвнас сэзь енэжа лöнь лунъяс дырйи сулалöны ён кöдзыдъяс. Лунын дзирдалö шондi, но омöля шонтö, войын дзирдалö помтöм кодзув, лым веркöсыс ёна кöдзалö да кöдзöдö тшöтш сынöдсö. Кöдзыдъяс овлöны – 20°С, – 30°С весиг – 40°С-öдз. Кор Асыввыв Европаöс шымыртö антициклон, сэки кöдзыдъяс сулалöны зэв кузя.

Климат Рытыввыв Европаын, торъя нин Атлантувса океан вадоръяс пöлöн, кызвыннас оз вежлась, сiйö саридзвывса. Вогöгöр чöж сэтi мунöны рытывсянь циклонъяс, унджыкысьсö сулалö букыд поводдя, гожöмын оз овлы вывтi пöсь, а тöлын оз овлы вывтi кöдзыд. Енöжва усьö уна, торъя нин кыръясын.

Асыввыв Европаын климат континентвывса; сэнi тшöкыда овлöны антициклонъяс, кор енэжыс сэзь. Гожöмын антициклон дырйи ёна сотö шондi, сулалö жар поводдя, а тöлын овлöны ён кöдзыдъяс. Енöжва усьö шöркодя, а асыв-лунвылын – этша.

=== Войвыв Европалöн климат ===

Войвыв Европалöн да полюсдорса дiяслöн климат чорыд: тöв тан нюжалö 7–10 тöлысь, а гожöм овлö дженьыд да ыркыд.

=== Лунвыв Европалöн климат ===

Мушöр саридз вадор пöлöн климатыс тропикувса – гожöмыс пöсь да зэв кос. Торъя нин ыджыд жар пуксьö, кор лунвывсянь пöльтö сирокко – сотан пöсь тöв Сахарасянь. Зэръяс гожöмын пöшти оз овлыны, сы вöсна мый циклонъясыс мунöны Альпъясысь войвывланьын, 50-öд параллель пöлöн. Тöв Лунвыв Европаын небыд, кöдзыдъястöм да зэра, сы вöсна мый тöлын уна циклонъяс мунöны Мушöр саридз пöлöн.

=== Европа климат йылысь кывкöртöд ===

Европалысь рытыввывсö асыввывкöд ордчаöдiгöн, ми аддзам, мый вогöгöрся шонтöгъяс асыввывланьö лэччöны Гольфстримсянь ылысмиг да Азиялань матысмиг.

Кöдзыд кад Европа асыввылын сулалö шöркодя вит тöлысь, а рытыввылын – öти тöлысьысь этша. Но тайö кöдзыдъясыс вештысьöны гожся жарöн, кор шöр шонтöг 20°С-ысь вылынджык. Европа асыв-войвылын июль тöлысся шöр шонтöг сэтшöм жö, кутшöм сiйö овлö Парижын да Лондöнын; шондi тыдалö Лондöнын 1250 час вонас, а Асыввыв Европаын, 60-öд параллель вылын – 1750 час; сы мында час дзирдалö сэнi шондi кымöръяс сайö дзебсьывтöг. Тайö дырджык дзирдалöмыс шондiлöн усьö гожöм вылö, кор быдмöны няньяс; сы понда найö регыдджык воöны.

Климат Европалöн кызвыннас шöркоддьöм да васöд. Европаын абу ватöм овтöминъяс, дай абу сэтшöм инъяс, кöнi эськö вöлi вывтi уна енöжва. Вогöгöрся шöр шонтöг став Европаас, войвыв да лунвыв дорöсъясысь öтдор, абу улынджык 10°С-ысь и абу вылынджык 15° шоныдысь.
 
== Юяс да тыяс ==

Европа озыр '''юясöн'''; таын сiйö сетчö сöмын Лунвыв Америкалы. Торъя нин уна юыс Рытыввыв да Войвыв Европаын: Рытыввыв Европаын уна енöжваысла, а Войвыв Европаын сысянь, мый шонтöгыс улын да, ваыс, кодi усьö му вылö, омöля косьмö. Но юяс кузьта серти Европа кольö ёна бöрö мукöд му юкöнъясысь.

Рытыввыв Европаын юяс абу кузьöсь, сэнi эм сöмын öти кузь ю – [[Wy/kv/Дунай|Дунай]] (2888 км).
Дунай петö Шварцвальд вылысь да визувтö асыввылö, писькöдчö Вена дзиръя пыр Альпъяс да Карпатъяс костын да Кöрт дзиръя пыр Карпатъяс да Балканъяс костын. Веськыдвыв вожъяссö Дунай босьтö Альпъяссянь, векся лымъяс улысь, а шуйгавыв вожъяссö – Карпатъяссянь. Мукöд юясыс Рытыввыв Европалöн ёна дженьыдджыкöсь, но уна вааöсь, торъя нин Альпъясысь петысь юяс. Татшöмъясыс – [[Wy/kv/Рейн|Рейн]] (1320 км), [[Wy/kv/Рона|Рона]] да [[Wy/kv/По|По]]. Пöшти став юясыс Рытыввыв Европаын нуöны уна ва кыдзи тöлын, сiдзи и гожöмын. Тулысын найö омöля ойдлöны, сы пыдди найö ыджыд вааöсь и гожöмнас, öтикö, уна зэръясла, мöдкö, васö найö босьтöны кыръяссянь – кырвыв öшмöсъясысь, лымъясысь да кыссян йиясысь. Юяс визулöсь, торъя нин кыръясын, кöнi найö артмöдöны коськъяс. Кывтыдланьыс воигöн кöть визувтöны и öдйö, но лöня, Скандiвывса юясысь öтдор, кöнi эмöсь коськъяс, сы вöсна, мый туй выланыс налы тшöкыда паныдасьöны чорыд кристаллсяма породаяс.

Юяс, кодъяс усьöны восьса саридзьясö, шуам, Войвыв саридзö, паськыд да джуджыд вомаöсь, нюйтысь найö весассьöны тулöмъясöн да ямлöмъясöн. Татшöмöсь Эльба, Везер, Темза да Сена (кодi усьö Ла-Манш вискö).

Ю вомъясыс налöн джуджыдöсь нöшта и сы понда, мый вадоръясыс да пыдöсыс Войвыв саридзлöн надзöник лэччöны увлань, ю пöлöн ковтысъясыс сiдзжö лэччöны пыр увлань да ойдöны саридз ва улö.

Тупкöса саридзьясö усьысь юяслöн, шуам, Роналöн, Полöн, Дунайлöн, артмöны дельтаяс, найö ю вомъясö уна чукöрман нюйт вöсна.
Тöлын юяс Рытыввыв Европаын пöшти оз кынмывны, Одер да Вислаысь öтдор, а сiдзжö Скандiвывса юясысь öтдор.

Асыввыв Европаын юяс кузьджыкöсь Рытыввыв Европаын серти. Медся гырысьясыс на пытшкысь – Камаа (1805 км) да [[Wy/kv/Ока|Ока]]а (1500 км) [[Wy/kv/Волга|Волга]] (3531 км), [[Wy/kv/Урал|Урал]] (2428 км), [[Wy/kv/Днепр|Днепр]] (2285 км), Войвыв Донеца (1053 км) [[Wy/kv/Дон|Дон]] (1870 км), Печора (1809 км), [[Wy/kv/Днестр|Днестр]] (1352 км), [[Wy/kv/Даугава|Даугава]] да [[Wy/kv/Вынва|Вынва]]. Тайö юясыс ыджыд вааöсь, сы вöсна мый васö босьтöны гырысь бассейнъясысь. Тулысын, лым сылiгöн, найö паськыда ойдлöны, гожöмын бара ёна ямöны, ва туйясас артмöны косiнъяс, ляпкыдiнъяс. Визувтöны найö лöня ю йывсяньыс ю вомöдзыс, – некымын юысь öтдор. Тöлын юяс Асыввыв Европаын дыр кежлö тупкысьöны йиöн, шуам, Даугава, Волхова и Свира Нева да Волга – шöркодя вит тöлысь кежлö.

Лунвывса куим кöдж вылын Европаын юяс дженьыдöсь да ыджыд вааöсь сöмын тöлын; гожöмын найö пöшти косьмöны; шуам, Италияын Тибр ю да Испанияын Тахо да Гвадалквивир.

=== Тыяс ===
Европаын зэв унаöсь да артмöмыс налöн быдпöлöс. Торъя нин уна ты Фенно-Скандiвывса массив вылын; сэнi найö артмöмаöсь мыйкö-мындаыс кырвыв сёртасъясын, а мыйкö-мындаыс важ кыссян йиöн кодйöминъясын. Уна ты эм сiдзжö Балты бердса отын: танi найö артмöмаöсь кыссян йи помса моренаяс костысь нёптовъясын. Медся гырысь тыяс куйлöны Фенно-Скандiвывса массив лунвыв юкöнын. Тайö – Ладöг (18.390 км²), Öньöг (9616 км²), Венерн (5650 км²) а Сайма (4400 км²) тыяс.

Альпвывса тыяс куйлöны кыссян йиясöн кодйöм да паськöдöм ковтысъясын; тайö ковтысъясыс поромъясöн моз торъялöны мöда-мöдсьыныс кыссян йи помса моренаясöн. Медся гырысь Альпвывса тыясыс – Женева ты, сы пыр визывтö Рона ю, да Бодöн ты, кодi ас пырыс лэдзö Рейн ю.

Сола ваа тупкöса тыяс эмöсь сöмын асыв-лунвылын Европаын, кöнi ваыс косьмö вывтi уна, а енöжваыс усьö этша. Сэнi куйлö му вылын медся ыджыд сола ваа ты – Каспи, кодi унджыксö шусьö саридзöн. Войдöр сiйö öтлаасьö вöлi океанкöд, но бöрынджык торъялiс гöгöрыс косiн кыптöмла. Öнi Каспи саридзлöн веркöсыс 26 м-öн улынджык океан тшупöдысь.

Европа юяслöн да тыяслöн тöдчанлуныс зэв ыджыд. Тайö – лöсьыд да донтöм туйяс, кодъяс быдлаын куйлöны Европаын. Уналаын Европалöн юясыс матысмöны мöда-мöд дiнас, сы понда найöс кокниа позьö öтлаавны каналъясöн. Каналъясöд позьö вуджны öти бассейнысь мöдö, шуам Балты саридз бассейн юясысь Сьöд саридз бассейн юясö. Каналъяс йитöны Рейнöс Дунайкöд, Даугаваöс Днепркöд, Неваöс Волгакöд. Коськъяса ю йывъяс Европаын сiдзжö лöсялöны токвöчанiнъяс вöчöм вылö, торъя нин Альпъяс да Скандiвывса кыръясын.

== Мусинъяс ==

Европаын мусинъяс артмöмаöсь сюрс вояс чöжöн, медся ёнасö, климат да быдмöгъяс тöдчöм улын. 

Кöнi пöльтöны ульруа рытывтöвъяс да кöнi быдмöны (либö быдмылiсны) вöръяс, сэнi артмисны пöим сора мусинъяс. Наын этша сiсьмуыс (''гумус''). Тайö со мый понда: вöрын мусиныс пыр васöд, и органика колясъяс (коръяс, вужъяс) öдйö сiсьмöны; сiсьмигöн налöн öти юкöнъяс пöрöны газö, мукöд юкöнъяс сылöны ваын да нусьöны сiйöн, и сöмын медся ичöт юкöн кольччö гумус видын, кодi лоö 2% пöим сора мусинын. Зэръяс бöрын ваыс сiсьмöгсö нуö мыйкö-мында мусин пыдi пöвстъясö, а мыйкö-мында шоръясö да юясö; кольö сiйö сöмын мусин медся вылын пöвстас, 10 сантиметр кыза гöгöр, а пыдынджык куйлö кызвынысьсö югыт пöвст, пöим кодь, гумустöм, сы понда вöрувса мусинъяс и шусьöны пöим сора мусинъясöн. Нöшта пыдынджык пöим сора мусинъясын тшöкыда куйлывлö пемыдруд кöртсяма пöвст, кытöнi эм ортштейнлöн чорыд чиръяс, изторъяс либö пластинкаяс. 

Сiсьмöгыс омöля кутчысьö вылыс пöвстас сы понда, мый пöим сора мусинъяс шомаöсь, а шомасын гумус кокниа сылö. Пöим сора муяслöн структураыс бус кодь, сы понда зэр бöрын на вылын артмö чорыд кыш. Та вöсна пöим сора мусинъяс омöля чужтöны, торъя нин сэтшöминъясын, кöнi найö артмöмаöсь кыссян йи моренаяс вылын.

Лыаа пöим сора мусинъяс – медся лёк муяс: найöс вынсьöдöм вылö колö ставпöлöс мувердасыс: калий, фосфор, азот. Сёя пöим сора мусинъяс да вöрувса рудовгöрд мусинъяс – бурджыкöсь: сэнi эм уна кали. Нöшта бурджыкöсь этша пöим сора мусинъяс, кодъяс артмöмаöсь лёсс вылын: сэнi уна кальчи, тэчасногыс тусякодь, чужтытöм еджгов пöвстыс налöн пöшти абу.

Пöим сора мусинъяскöд öттшöтш вöра мутасын васöдiнъясын паныдасьлöны нюрувса мусинъяс; найö пемыд-руд рöмаöсь либö весиг сьöд рöмаöсь, но рöмыс налöн абу гумуссянь, а трундасянь, мöдногöн кö, ваын тшыкöм, но абу дзикöдз сiсьмöм быдмöгъяссянь; мукöддырйи налöн кольöма на весиг формаыс; нюръясын быдмöгъяслöн сiсьмöмыс мунö надзöн уна ва понда да сынöд тырмытöмла. Нюрсялöм мусинъяс абу бурöсь, но кор морт косьтö да вынсьöдö найöс, найö лоöны бур (шогман) муясöн.

Европа асыв-лунвылын, кöнi гожöмыс жарджык да кöнi уна нэм куйлiсны вöрзьöдлытöм степьяс, артмисны сьöдмусинъяс. На пытшкын – уна гумус (10% гöгöр). Гумусыс танi оз мыськысь ванас мусинсьыс, кыдзи вöра отын. Зэрыс сьöдмусинъяс отын этшаджык усьö, а мусиныс абу шома, пытшкас уна извесьт, сы понда танi и чукöрмас гумусыс сэтшöм уна. Сьöдмусин пöвстыс танi 3/4 м гöгöр кызтанас, а мукöдлаын и унджык. Гумусысь öтдор, сьöдмусин озыр сiдзжö калиöн да фосфорöн, дай тэчасногыс сылöн туся – тайö медбур, медшогман му. Сьöдмусин вынсьöдлытöг уна во дорвыв сетö бур урожайяс, но, дерт, и сiйö омöльтчö, абу кö сэнi колана вежлалöм. Шуам, дорвыв кö сьöдмусинъяс вылö кöдзны няньяс, сэтысь бырö фосфор, мусинъясыс и лоöны бус кодьöсь; нянь сэки воö ёна этшаджык. Шогманлунсö видзöм могысь сьöдмусинлы колöны быдмöгъясöс вежлалöмъяс, шуам, няньяс бöрын кöдзны унавося турунъяс (люцерна) да вужплодъяс (сакара свеклö). Турунъяс вöчöны мусинын туся тэчасног, а шоча кöдзана быдмöгъяс (свеклö) весалöны мусö ёгтурунъясысь.  

Лунвыв да медшöр Европалöн тöдчана юкöныс рудовгöрд, извесьтöн озыр коръя вöрувса мусинъяс улын. 

Лунвыв кöджъяс вылын да Кавказын мукöдлаын найö вежсьöны гöрдмусинöн. Гöрдмусинын гумусыс этша: сiйöс мыськöны тöвся гырысь зэръяс; но сы пыдди гöрдмусиныс озыр минералъясöн и вынсьöдöмöн сетö бур урожайяс. Гöрд рöмыс лунвыв-европаса мусинысöн лоö кöртсяма торъяссянь, кодъяс эмöсь известнякъясын да мусинын, кодi наысь артмöма.

== Быдмöга вевттьöд ==

Шöркоддьöм да васöд климат Европалöн зэв лöсялö вöръяс быдмöмлы. Вöра мутас босьтö Европа джынсьыс унджык: асыввывсянь рытыввылö сiйö мунö Урал кыръяссянь Пиреней кыръясöдз, войвылын сiйö воö тундраяс дорöдз, асыв-лунвылын – степьясöдз, лунвылын – пыр веж пуяс да кустаинъяс мутасöдз.

Важöн став тайö мутасын вöлiны джуджыд, пемыд вöръяс, но бöрынджык вöръяссö ёна кералiсны; на местаын паськыда кутiсны вольсасьны муяс, торъя нин Рытыввыв Европаын, кöнi видзму вöдитöм заводитчис водзджык Асыввыв Европаын дорысь. Но быдлаын вöра мутасын мыйкö понда эновтöм муясыс 15–20 во мысти бöр тырöны вöръясöн.

Вöра мутас войвылын, Урал кыръяссянь Скандiвывса кыръясöдз, мунö лыска пуа гырысь вöръяслöн от. Медшöр пуяс сэнi – коз да пожöм. Козъя вöръяс сукöсь, пемыдöсь, быдмöны ёнджыкасö васöд, сёйöд муяс вылын, а пожöм вöръяс, шочджыкöсь да югыдджыкöсь, быдмöны косджык, лыаа инъясын. Но кызвынысьсö лыска вöръясын быдмöны коз и пожöм, и накöд тшöтш быдмöны кыдз пу, ловпу. Тайö став пуясыслы быдмыны колö этша шоныд, найö оз повны кöдзыдысь.

Важысянь нин кералöм да сотчöм вöръяс пыдди тайö отас кöдзсьöны няньяс, на пытшкысь медся войвыв нянь – ид, кодi войвылын воö кык тöлысьöн; воöмыслы отсалöны кузь гожся шондiа лунъяс, кодъяс нюжалöны 18–20 час дай унджык.

Лыска вöръяс отысь лунвывланьын, кöнi гожöмыс кузьджык да тöлыс небыдджык, быдмöны сора вöръяс, кöнi лыска пуяскöд орччöн быдмöны не толькö кыдзьяс да ловпуяс, но и мукöд паськыд коръя пуяс: тыпу, клён, ясень да с. в.; и кымын водзö лунвылö да рытыввылö, сымын унджык коръя пуяс да сымын этшаджык лыска пуяс. Рытыввылын медвойдöр вошö коз, сэсся пожöм; Франс увтасын лыска пуяс абуöсь, пожöмысь öтдор, кодöс йöзыс вöдитöны Бискайя куръя дюнаяс вылын.

Ас пуяс Рытыввыв Европа вöръясын – тыпу да бук. Тыпу радейтö шоныд да югыд; сылы колö бур му, сiйö оз быдмы ни лыа вылын, ни известнякъяс вылын. Бук полö кöдзыдысь тыпуысь на ёна, но öттшöтш радейтö и ва.

Сора вöръяс отын öнi быдлаын куйлöны муяс да видзьяс; вöръяс кольöмаöсь сöмын мылькъяс да керöс бокъясын да нöшта лыаа мусинъясын. Муяс вылын тайö отас медшöр нянь – öзима рудзöг да шобдi, а сiдзжö сакара свеклö – торъя нин лёсс куйлан отын. Сора вöръяс отын ыджыд ылдöсъяс вердан турунъяс улын, торъя нин бобöнянь да сёркниулов улын – тайö турунъяс да сёркниуловыс öдйö быдмöны шöрвыйö шоныд да васöд климатын. Яблöк, груша, слива, вишня пуяс паськыда вöдитсьöны садъясын; тайö от рытыв юкöнас бура артмö винатусь.

Джуджыд кыръясын Рытыввыв Европаын улiас быдмöны сора вöръяс, вылынджык – лыска вöръяс, нöшта вылынджык вольсасьöны джуджыд кырвыв видзьяс да кустаинъяс, кöнi пöртмасьöны Альпвывса розаяслöн (''рододендрон'') мича дзоридзьяс; пырся лымъяс дорын кыртъяс эжсьöмаöсь сöмын нитшъясöн да ройясöн – сiдз жö, кыдзи ылi войвылын. Войвылын, Йиа океан вадор му вылын, куйлöны тундраяс, но найö босьтöны Европаын неыджыд места.

Европа асыв-лунвылын, кöнi усьö войвылын дорысь енэжваыс этшаджык, а пакталöмыс тöдчымöн ёнджык, паськыда вольсассьöны туруна шыльыдiнъяс – степьяс. Степьясын гожöм овлö пöсь, дженьыдик зэръясöн да тöлысьöн да дырджык нюжалысь кос жаръясöн. Овлöны вояс, кор степьясын гожöмбыдöн оз усьлы зэр войт, и сэки косьмöны кöдзаяс. Тöв степьясын кöдзыд, но этша лымъя; мытшöд паныдавтöг пöльтысь тöвъяс нöбöдöны лымсö вывтасджык инъяссьыс да пуктöны увтас местаясö, торъя нин нюкöсъясö да сёнъясö, кöнi асчужöмöн быдмöны яблöк пуяс сорöн тыпу вöръяс.

Тулысын лымйыс öдйö сылö; нюкöсъясöд ызгöны-мунöны гудыр виж шоръяс. Степь öдйö вежöдö, турунъяс заводитöны öдйö быдмыны.

Эжа степьяс вылын, сэтшöм степьяс вылын, кодъясöс некор на эз гöрлыны, либö гöрлiсны важöн – во 15–20 сайын, – тулысын петö уна дзоридз: тюльпанъяс, кöкбöрдъяс, степвыв ирисъяс – гöрдъяс, вижъяс, кельыдлöзъяс. Но медшöр асбыдмысь турун сьöдмусина степьясын ковыль – шепта сикас, векньыдик тшöть кодь коръя (этшаджык пакталöм могысь), да кодi сетö кузь борда кöйдыс. Кор ковыльыс воас, эзысь кодь гöнъясыс сылöн вевттьöны мортöн вöрзьöдлытöм став степсö, тöла дырйи вöрöны гыясöн. Ковыльлöн да мукöд степвыв шептаяслöн вужъясыс кутчысьöны дзик му веркöс дорас, кытысь найö горша босьтöны васö дженьыдик зэр бöрын. Бобисяма быдмöгъяс жö, шуам, люцерна, вужнаныс пырöны пыдöджык, и сэнi вужъясас налöн быдмöны азот кыскан бактерияяса ёкмыльяс; тайö бактерияясыс босьтöны сынöдысь азот да озырмöдöны сiйöн мусö. Степвыв турун вужъяс да идзьяс сiсьмöмла и артмис уна нэм чöжöн вывтi бура шогман сьöдмусин.

Лунвывлань да торъя нин асыв-лунвывлань, Каспи саридзлань матысмигöн, степьяс лоöны косöсьджык да мусиныс наын медводзсö каштанрöмаöсь, а сэсся джынвыйö овтöминъясын лоö рудовгöрдöн да солакодьöн. Татшöм степьясын юрситурун да ковыль сорöн быдмö руд батöг; а сола мусин вылын – сьöд батöг. Коръясыс сылöн паськавлöны сöмын зэр бöрын, а сэтчöдз найö сэтшöма топöдчöны, пöшти оз тыдавны; медся кос тöлысьясын сьöд багöг дзикöдз шыбитлö корсö.

Гожöм шöр кежлö степь вижöдö да рудмö бусысла. Доналöм сынöд кайö енэжлань, артмöдö джуджыд гумыльгаяс; тöвъяс нöбöдöны куш степьяс вывтi шар кодь «ыбвуджан» быдмöгъяс, кодъяс чегöны вуж бердтiыс да гöгыльтчöны тöв ньылыд, разöдöны кöйдыс.

Медшöр нянь лунвылын да асыв-лунвылын – шобдi, а лунвылын нöшта и кукуруза. Не этша места босьтö сэнi сiдзжö шондiюр, сакара свеклö, фрукта пуяса садъяс да бахчаяс, кöнi вöдитöны арбуз да дыня.

Лунвыв Европаын тропикувса быдмöга вевттьöс – сэнi быдмöны пыр веж пуяс, шуам, выйпу, лавр, рожки пу, да пыр веж кустаинъяс: миртаяс, олеандръяс да мукöд. Тулысын найö дзоридзалöны, чöскыд дукаöсь, а гожöмын нярзьöны да тырöны бусöн. Асланыс кузь вужъяснаныс найö босьтöны васö мусин пыдi пöвстъясысь. Коръяс налöн чорыдöсь, топыд кышаöсь. Гожöмын найö видзöны быдмöгъясöс ёна косьмöмысь, а тулысын вермöны видзчысьны кокньыдик кöдзыдъясысь.

Медшöр нянь Лунвыв Европаын – öзима шобдi; сiйöс кöдзöны сэнi йирым-вöльгым тöлысьясын, тöвся зэръяс кежлö, а вундöны май-юнь тöлысьясын. Садъясын вöдитöны сэнi лунвывса фруктаяс: апельсинъяс, лимонъяс.

Быдмöгулов Европаын, кыдзи и климатыс, зэв озыр да быдпöлöс. Европаса войтыръяс тайöс инö-артö воштöмаöсь; найö чинтöмны асчужысь быдмöгъяслысь ыдждасö да вöдитöны муяс вылын да садъясын колан быдмöгъяс.
== Пемöс улов ==

Сэки, кор Европаын гырысь местаяс босьтлiсны вöрзьöдлытöм пемыд вöръяс да гöрлытöм степьясын гöгöр вольсасьлiс ковыль, быдлаын овлiсны вывтi уна гырысь кид пемöсъяс. Но öнi Европаыс гöль нин пемöсъяснад.

Мушöр саридз вадор муяс вылын гырысь кид пемöсъяс пöшти оз паныдасьлыны – найöс бырöдöма нин ёна важъя нэмъясын.

Сöмын кöнсюрö Корсика да Сардинияса кыръясын джуджыд кыртъяс костын колины да олöны кырвыв ыжъяс.

Тулысын да арын тайö мутасъяс пыр лэбöны кельöбöн пöткаяс. Мудзöмнысла найö пуксьылöны шойччыны вадоръяс пöлöн, да сэнi унаöс на пытшкысь кыйöны кыйсьысьяс. Гортса пемöсъяс Лунвыв Европаын абу жö зэв уна, сы вöсна мый гожся кадö лудъяс лёкöсь, а видзьяс сэнi зэв этша. Мöсъяс пыдди йöзыс видзöны сэнi посни скöтöс – ыжъясöс да кöзаясöс, кодъясöс йирсьöдöны кырвыв лудъяс вылын; видзöны осёлъясöс да мулъясöс (вöвлöн осёлкöд сорас, вын сертиыс неуна омöльджык вöлысь). Осёлъяслы оз ков вывтi бур кöрым: сёйöны чорыд сутшкасян турун, да сöмын шочиника сетлöны налы юмов рожки (рожки пуыслöн плод).

Сора вöръясын Рытыввыв Европаын гырысь кид пемöсъясöс сiдзжö пöшти ставсö бырöдöма, сöмын кöнсюрö кырвыв вöръясын кольöмаöсь кöинъяс да ошъяс (Карпатъясын). Кырвыв вöръясын Немеч муын эмöсь на кöнсюрö кöръяс да козуляяс, но найöс пöшти ставсö босьтöма лыд вылö: вöръяслöн кöзяеваыс видзöны найöс, весигтö вердыштлöны турунöн, медым сэсся сетны ассьыныс кыйсян юкöнъяссö озыр йöзлы, кодъяс кыйсьöны гажöдчöм могысь. Джуджыд кыръяс вылын – Карпатъясын да Альпъясын – эмöсь кырвыв козёлъяс да сернаяс.

Та пыдди гортса пемöсъясöс Рытыввыв Европаса некымын канмуясын вöдитöны сы мында, мый найöс вердöм вылö оз тырмы асланыс турунныс да асланыс няньясныс; уна зöр, кукуруза пызь да чаз вайöны сэтчö мукöд канмуясысь. Медшöр скöт танi – сюра гырысь скöт, медсясö быдпöлöс йöла скöт. Сiйöс видзöны и увтасъясын, шуам, Нидерланъясын, кöнi сiйö йирсьö пöшти вогöгöр чöж веж видзьяс вылын да кыръясын.

Швейцарияын вöтлöны мöсъясöс джуджыд кырвыв лудъяс вылö; лым сылöм серти мöс стадаяс кайöны век вылöджык да вылöджык да гожöм помас воöны пырся лымъяс дорöдз. Лысьтöм йöвсö быд лун нуöны ковтысъясö, либö сыысь вöчöны зэв бур сыр. Кырвыв лудъясын вöдитöны сiдзжö небыд вуруна ыжъясöс; вуруныс налöн мунö кысян фабрикаясö, а яйыс – сёян вылö.

Рытыввыв Европаын видзöны сiдзжö уна порсь да вöв.

Европа асыв-лунвыв степьясын кид пемöсъясысь унджыкыс кольöмаöсь йырсьысьяс, кодъяс сёйöны нянь кöдзаяс: сусликъяс, хомякъяс, тушканчикъяс, либö му кöчьяс; найö вайöны вывтi ыджыд лёк, сы понда морт зiльö бырöдны найöс. Но тайö, дерт, абу кокни, – олöны найö пыдын му пытшкас, позъясын да паськалöмаöсь Рытыввыв Европа пасьта Рейн юöдз. Степвывса пöткаяс – дрофаяс да стрепетьяс – этша нин кольöмаöсь.

Дрофаяс (дудакъяс) бöръя воясö бара уна овмöдчисны миян степьясын, боръясыд, кöнi войдöр кыйöдлiсны найöс кыйсьысьяс, сэсся бырины да.

Дрофаяс зэв гырысь лэбачьяс (тушанас 1 м судтаöдз), турилöн кодь кузь кокаöсь; найö вайöны мортлы бур: бырöдöны муяс вылысь шыръясöс да сусликъясöс.

Гортса пемöсъяс миян степьясын сэтшöмöсь жö, кыдзи и сора вöръяс отын.

Лыска вöръяс да тундраяс отын кид пемöсъяс кöть и шочмыштiсны важ кадъяс серти, но öнöдз на колины; вöръясын ёна на олö ур, кöч, руч, кöин; эмöсь руд ошъяс да йöраяс – медся гырысь пемöсъяс лыска вöрлöн. Сэнi тöвйö зэв уна пöтка – тар, сьöла, дозмöр, байдöг. Вöрса зверьясöс кыйöм – тöдчана прöмыс.

Тундраясын, торъя нин Выль Му вылын да Шпицберген вылын, öнöдз на паныдасьлöны кид кöр стадаяс. Тундраын уна еджыд байдöг да полюсдорса еджыд руч – кынь. Гожся кадö тундраясын поздысьöны кид дзодзöгъяс, юсьяс, уткаяс да с. в.

Гортса пемöсъясыс лыска вöръяс отын – сюра гырысь скöт йöла породаясысь, ыжъяс да вöвъяс. Тундраясын медшöр гортса пемöсъяс – войвыв кор да мыйтакö дадь помын ветлысь пон.

Йиа океан вадоръяс вылын миллионъясöн поздысьöны каляяс да мукöд саридзвывса лэбачьяс. Океанас, кöнi эм уна вабыдмас да посньыдик пемöсъяс, олö зэв уна чери-пöткалы, а сiдзжö тюленьяслы, да шоча паныдасьлысь моржлы да китлы сёян. Пемöс уловлöн тайö озырлуныс öнöдз на кольöма, торъя сэтшöминъясын, кöнi шоча овмöдчöма йöзыс.

Европалысь рытыввыв да лунвыв вадоръяссö кытшовтысь саридзьясын олö зэв уна чери. Медся гырысьясыс на пытшкысь: лунвылын тунеч да войвылын треска. Но и посни черияслöн овмöсын тшöтш зэв ыджыд тöдчанлун, сы вöсна мый кыйöны сiйöс вывтi уна; медшöръясыс посни черияс пытшкысь – войвылын сельди, лунвылын сардины да анчоус.
 
== Европаса асшöр канмуяс ==
[[Wy/kv/Файл:Europe countries.svg|альт=|мини|300x300пкс|ЕВРОПА]]
{| class=wikitable
! align=left| Канму 	!! align=right| Мувывтор (км²)	!! align=right| Йöз лыд (2002’ юль 1’ лун кежлö) !! align=right| Йöзлöн тшöкыдлун (км²-ын) !! align=left| Юркар
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Австрия|Австрия]] 	|| align=right| 83,858	|| align=right| 8,169,929	|| align=right| 97.4	|| Вена
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Азербайджан|Азербайджан]]  	|| align=right| 86,600	|| align=right| 8,621,000	|| align=right| 97	|| Баку
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Албания|Албания]]  	|| align=right| 28,748	|| align=right| 3,600,523	|| align=right| 125.2	|| Тирана
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Андорра|Андорра]]  	|| align=right| 468	|| align=right| 68,403		|| align=right| 146.2	|| Андорра-ла-Велья
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Армения|Армения]]  	|| align=right| 29,800	|| align=right| 3,229,900	|| align=right| 101	|| Ереван
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Болгария|Болгария]]  	|| align=right| 110,910	|| align=right| 7,621,337	|| align=right| 68.7	|| София
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Беларусь|Беларусь]]  	|| align=right| 207,600	|| align=right| 10,335,382	|| align=right| 49.8	|| Минск
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Бельгия|Бельгия]]  	|| align=right| 30,510	|| align=right| 10,274,595	|| align=right| 336.8	|| Брюссель
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Босния да Герцеговина|Босния да Герцеговина]] || align=right| 51,129 || align=right| 4,448,500	|| align=right| 77.5	|| Сараево
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Ватикан|Ватикан]]  	|| align=right| 0.44	|| align=right| 900		|| align=right| 2,045.5	|| Ватикан
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Дания|Дания]]  	|| align=right| 43,094	|| align=right| 5,368,854	|| align=right| 124.6	|| Копенгаген
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Исландия|Исландия]]  || align=right| 103,000	|| align=right| 307,261		|| align=right| 2.7	|| Рейкъявик
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Италия|Италия]]  	|| align=right| 301,230	|| align=right| 58,751,711	|| align=right| 191.6	|| Рим
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Казахстан|Казахстан]]  	|| align=right| 2,724,900 || align=right| 15,217,711	|| align=right| 5.6	|| Астана
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Грузия|Грузия]]  	|| align=right| 69,700	|| align=right| 4,661,473	|| align=right| 64	|| Тбилиси
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Кипр|Кипр]]   	|| align=right| 9,251	|| align=right| 788,457		|| align=right| 85	|| Никосия
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Косово|Косово]]  	|| align=right| 10,887	|| align=right| 2,126,708	|| align=right| 220	|| Приштина
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Латвия|Латвия]]  	|| align=right| 64,589	|| align=right| 2,366,515	|| align=right| 36.6	|| Рига
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Литва|Литва]]  	|| align=right| 65,200	|| align=right| 3,601,138	|| align=right| 55.2	|| Вильнюс
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Люксембург|Люксембург]]  	|| align=right| 2,586	|| align=right| 448,569		|| align=right| 173.5	|| Люксембург
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Лихтенштейн|Лихтенштейн]]  	|| align=right| 160	|| align=right| 32,842		|| align=right| 205.3	|| Вадуц
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Венгрия|Венгрия]]  	|| align=right| 93,030	|| align=right| 10,075,034	|| align=right| 108.3	|| Будапешт
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Македония Республика|Македония]]  	|| align=right| 25,333	|| align=right| 2,054,800	|| align=right| 81.1	|| Скопье
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Мальта|Мальта]]  	|| align=right| 316	|| align=right| 397,499		|| align=right| 1,257.9	|| Валетта
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Молдова|Молдова]]  	|| align=right| 33,843	|| align=right| 4,434,547	|| align=right| 131.0	|| Кишинёв
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Монако|Монако]]  	|| align=right| 1.95	|| align=right| 31,987		|| align=right| 16,403.6	|| Монако
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Нидерландъяс|Нидерландъяс]]  	|| align=right| 41,526	|| align=right| 16,318,199	|| align=right| 393.0	|| Амстердам
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Германия|Германия]]  	|| align=right| 357,021	|| align=right| 83,251,851	|| align=right| 233.2	|| Берлин
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Норвегия|Норвегия]]  	|| align=right| 324,220	|| align=right| 4,525,116	|| align=right| 14.0	|| Осло
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Ыджыд Британия|Ыджыд Британия]]	|| align=right| 244,820	|| align=right| 61,100,835	|| align=right| 244.2	|| Лондон
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Польша|Польша]]  	|| align=right| 312,685	|| align=right| 38,625,478	|| align=right| 123.5	|| Варшава
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Португалия|Португалия]]  	|| align=right| 91,568	|| align=right| 10,409,995	|| align=right| 110.1	|| Лиссабон
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Румыния|Румыния]]  	|| align=right| 238,391	|| align=right| 21,698,181	|| align=right| 91.0	|| Бухарест
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Рочму|Рочму]]  	|| align=right| 17,075,400 || align=right| 142,200,000	|| align=right| 26.8	|| Мöскуа
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Сербия|Сербия]] 	|| align=right|  88,361	|| align=right| 9,663,742	|| align=right| 109.4	|| Белград
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Сан-Марино|Сан-Марино]]  	|| align=right| 61	|| align=right| 27,730		|| align=right| 454.6	|| Сан-Марино
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Швеция|Швеция]]  	|| align=right| 449,964	|| align=right| 9,090,113	|| align=right| 19.7	|| Стокгольм
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Словения|Словения]]  	|| align=right| 20,273	|| align=right| 1,932,917	|| align=right| 95.3	|| Любляна
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Словакия|Словакия]]  	|| align=right| 48,845	|| align=right| 5,422,366	|| align=right| 111.0	|| Братислава
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Финляндия|Финляндия]]  	|| align=right| 336,593	|| align=right| 5,157,537	|| align=right| 15.3	|| Хельсинки
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Турция|Турция]]  	|| align=right| 783,562	|| align=right| 70,586,256	|| align=right| 93	|| Анкара
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Украина|Украина]]  	|| align=right| 603,700	|| align=right| 48,396,470	|| align=right| 80.2	|| Киев
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Франция|Франция]]  	|| align=right| 547,030	|| align=right| 59,765,983	|| align=right| 109.3	|| Париж
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Хорватия|Хорватия]]  	|| align=right| 56,542	|| align=right| 4,437,460	|| align=right| 77.7	|| Загреб
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Черногория|Черногория]] 	|| align=right| 13,812	|| align=right| 616,258		|| align=right| 44.6	|| Подгорица
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Чехия|Чехия]] 	|| align=right| 78,866	|| align=right| 10,256,760	|| align=right| 130.1	|| Прага
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Швейцария|Швейцария]]		|| align=right| 41,290	|| align=right| 7,507,000	|| align=right| 176.8	|| Берн
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Ирландия|Ирландия]]		|| align=right| 70,280	|| align=right| 4,234,925	|| align=right| 60.3	|| Дублин
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Греция|Греция]] 	|| align=right| 131,940	|| align=right| 10,645,343	|| align=right| 80.7	|| Афинъяс
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Испания|Испания]] 	|| align=right| 504,851	|| align=right| 45,061,274	|| align=right| 89.3	|| Мадрид
|-
| [[Wy/kv/Эстония|Эстония]] 	|| align=right| 45,226	|| align=right| 1,415,681	|| align=right| 31.3	|| Таллинн
|}


{{Шаблон:Мувежъяс}}

{{Wy/kv/Выль гижöд}}

[[Wy/kv/Категория:Европа| ]]

[[Category:Wy/kv]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q46}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/nyn/2026</title>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Prizebae</username>
        <id>2655686</id>
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      <comment>/* */</comment>
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      <text bytes="188" sha1="pznm73a8w5di8ja4pyhljt6k1pk4ba7" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q49613}}'''Omu'''  mwaka enkumi bbiri mu mukaaga mu kalenda ya Gregorian.

== Okuzaalibwa ==

== Okufa ==

== Omukenkufu ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q49613}}</text>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>2655686</id>
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      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305392</origin>
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      <text bytes="192" sha1="bzxhjh2x7m0hdx0bdu0vpbsozqxw1dq" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q49613}}'''Omu'''  mwaka gwa enkumi bbiri mu mukaaga mu kalenda ya Gregorian.

== Okuzaalibwa ==

== Okufa ==

== Omukenkufu ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q49613}}</text>
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    <revision>
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        <id>2655686</id>
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      <text bytes="191" sha1="2m21p1o312j1u8qai5jqitam932zd72" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q49613}}'''Omu'''  mwaka gw'enkumi bbiri mu mukaaga mu kalenda ya Gregorian.

== Okuzaalibwa ==

== Okufa ==

== Omukenkufu ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q49613}}</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305399</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:22:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Prizebae</username>
        <id>2655686</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305399</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="198" sha1="j5js1cbiwmiak0qsatwkavltqt3d987" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q49613}}'''Omu'''  mwaka gw'enkumi enkumi ibiri mu mukaaga mu kalenda ya Gregorian.

== Okuzaalibwa ==

== Okufa ==

== Omukenkufu ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q49613}}</text>
      <sha1>j5js1cbiwmiak0qsatwkavltqt3d987</sha1>
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    <revision>
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      <parentid>7305399</parentid>
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        <id>2655686</id>
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      <text bytes="198" sha1="tr0yv4qzrmgd0xco35kd77aiw1rntuo" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q49613}}'''Omu'''  mwaka gw'enkumi enkumi ibiri mu mukaaga mu kalenda ya Gregorian.

== Okuzaaribwa ==

== Okufa ==

== Omukenkufu ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q49613}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/nyn/Agnes Taaka</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3794128</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305406</id>
      <parentid>7303493</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:29:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Prizebae</username>
        <id>2655686</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Grammar</comment>
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      <text bytes="5410" sha1="sywt9d8w51fp8xaeafkge3sfq7wn55b" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q105760576}}
'''&lt;big&gt;Agnes Taaka&lt;/big&gt;''' orikumanywa nka '''Taaka Agnes Wejuli''' (akazaarwa ebiro 3 Okwa kana  omu mwaka gwa1980) n'omunyaby'obutegyeki omunyayuganda, omukozi w'abantu, kandi omunyishengyero. Niwe mujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Bugiri District|Bugiri]]. Akakorera omu ishengyero rya mwenda, erya ikumi n'erya ikumi na rimwe omuri Uganda nk'omukiiki omwishengyero. Naakuratira ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=170 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://uganda.ohchr.org/Story/Details/11 &quot;Supporting the Parliament of Uganda to uphold equality and non-discrimination - Office of the High commissioner for Human Rights&quot;]. ''uganda.ohchr.org''. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt; Niwe mukiiki omukazi omu ishengyero rya disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Bugiri District|Bugiri]] omu bwire (2021-2026) bwanyima y'okurangirirwa nk'omusinguzi omu karuuru k'omwebembezi w'eihanga n'omujwekyerwa w'eishengyero omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]] akahwa.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/list-of-mps-who-have-been-declared-winners-so-far-3258198 &quot;List of MPs who have been declared winners so far&quot;]. ''Daily Monitor''. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.independent.co.ug/tag/agnes-taaka-wejuli/ &quot;Agnes Taaka Wejuli Archives&quot;]. ''The Independent Uganda''. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt; Kwonka, akasingwa Namatende Eunice omu karuuru k'okubanza aka NRM aka 2025.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/special-reports/elections/busoga-teachers-win-mp-seats-after-four-attempts-5337542 &quot;Busoga teachers win MP seats after four attempts&quot;.] ''Monitor''. 2026-01-24. Retrieved 2026-04-22.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Obuto bwe n'obwegyese bwe. ==
Agnes Taaka akazaarwa ebiro 3 Okwa kana omuri 1980. Akamara ebigyezo bye bya purayimare kuruga omu ishomero rya Kigulu Girls Primary School omuri 1992 reero bwanyima yaaza omu ishomero rya Bukoyo Senior Secondary School kukora [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]] omuri 1996. Omuri 1999, Agnes akaza omu ishomero rya Iganga Senior Secondary School kukora Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education (UACE).Akaheebwa diguri y'okubanza omu by'obuhangwa kuruga Makerere University omuri 2004. Okwongyera ahari ekyo omuri 2007, akaza kwongyera aha mishomo ye yaheebwa satifikeeti omu by'ebiragiro (Administrative Officers Law Course) kuruga Law Development Centre, [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Ashwirwe.

== Obukugu omu mirimo otakatandikire by'obutegyeki. ==
Ahagati y'emyaka 2006 na 2014, Agnes akakora nk'orikukurira entunguuka y'abantu omu Gavumenti y'ebyaro eya Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Bugiri District|Bugiri]] kandi bwanyima akakuzibwa yaaba orikukurira entunguuka y'abantu omu Disiturikiti ya Bugiri kandi akakora kuruga omuri 2014 kuhisya omuri 2015. Kuruga omuri 2010 kuhisya omuri 2012, bwanyima akatooranwa nk'orikukurira Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Bugiri District|Bugiri]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Naayebembera Taaka Agnes Wejuli Development Foundation.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.pmldaily.com/tag/taaka-agnes-wejuli-development-foundation &quot;Kadaga asks President to fulfill pledges&quot;]. ''PML Daily''. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Omurimo gw'eby'obutegyeki ==
Kuruga omuri 2016 kuhitsya hati, atwire naaheereza nk'omukazi omukiiki omwishengyero omu kicweka kya Bugiri.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/taaka-agnes-10152/ &quot;Taaka Agnes - 2021 General Election - Visible Polls&quot;]. ''visiblepolls.org''. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt; Omu buheereza bwe nk'omukiiki omwishengyero omu ishengyero rya Uganda, Agnes atwire naaheereza omurimo ogundi nk'omukiiki aha kakiiko k'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa. Ebi arikukunda kukora ni omupiira gw'engaro, n'okuzina; kandi aine ekyetengo ky'omutaano omu kuhwera amaka agooro, ebibiina by'abantu hamwe n'eminyeeto.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Akeegaita aha kibiina kya Uganda Women Parliamentary Association (UWOPA) omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 10.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210418030533/http://uwopa.or.ug/content/members-uwopa-10th-parliament &quot;Members of UWOPA of 10th Parliament | Uganda Women Parliamentary Association&quot;]. ''uwopa.or.ug''. Archived from the original on 2021-04-18. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt; Aha Uganda Women Parliamentary Association (UWOPA), naaheereza aha kakiiko k'ebiragiro ebirikukwata aha mirimo/okutunguura eby'entaasya, ekirikukwatanisa n'ebitongore by'obuntu buntu nk'omuringo gw'okukora ehururu omu miringo ena mikuru.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210418020754/http://uwopa.or.ug/page/uwopa-round-table-committees &quot;Uwopa Round Table Committees | Uganda Women Parliamentary Association&quot;]. ''uwopa.or.ug''. Archived from the original on 2021-04-18. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Reeba n'ebindi. ==

* Orukarara rw'abany'eishengyero rya ikumi na rimwe omu ishengyero rya Uganda.
* Orunyiriri rw'abany'eishengyero rya ikumi omuri Uganda.
* Orukarara rw'abany'eishengyero ry'amwenda omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda.]]
* Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Bugiri District|Bugiri.]]
* [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]]
* Omukiiki omwishengyero.
* [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda.]]

== Eby'okureeberaho. ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
      <sha1>sywt9d8w51fp8xaeafkge3sfq7wn55b</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Prizebae</username>
        <id>2655686</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Translation of English to Rukiga</comment>
      <origin>7305411</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5419" sha1="oiwja29mw8mtjnisk15w6lkb2c05ni6" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q105760576}}
'''&lt;big&gt;Agnes Taaka&lt;/big&gt;''' orikumanywa nka '''Taaka Agnes Wejuli''' (akazaarwa ebiro 3 Okwa kana  omu mwaka gwa1980) n'omunyaby'obutegyeki omunyayuganda, omukozi w'abantu, kandi omunyishengyero. Niwe mujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Bugiri District|Bugiri]]. Akakorera omu ishengyero rya mwenda, erya ikumi n'erya ikumi na rimwe omuri Uganda nk'omukiiki omwishengyero. Naakuratira ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=170 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://uganda.ohchr.org/Story/Details/11 &quot;Supporting the Parliament of Uganda to uphold equality and non-discrimination - Office of the High commissioner for Human Rights&quot;]. ''uganda.ohchr.org''. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt; Niwe mukiiki omukazi omu ishengyero rya disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Bugiri District|Bugiri]] omu bwire (2021-2026) bwanyima y'okurangirirwa nk'omusinguzi omu karuuru k'omwebembezi w'eihanga n'omujwekyerwa w'eishengyero omuri [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]](Yuganda) akahwa.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/list-of-mps-who-have-been-declared-winners-so-far-3258198 &quot;List of MPs who have been declared winners so far&quot;]. ''Daily Monitor''. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.independent.co.ug/tag/agnes-taaka-wejuli/ &quot;Agnes Taaka Wejuli Archives&quot;]. ''The Independent Uganda''. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt; Kwonka, akasingwa Namatende Eunice omu karuuru k'okubanza aka NRM aka 2025.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/special-reports/elections/busoga-teachers-win-mp-seats-after-four-attempts-5337542 &quot;Busoga teachers win MP seats after four attempts&quot;.] ''Monitor''. 2026-01-24. Retrieved 2026-04-22.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Obuto bwe n'obwegyese bwe. ==
Agnes Taaka akazaarwa ebiro 3 Okwa kana omuri 1980. Akamara ebigyezo bye bya purayimare kuruga omu ishomero rya Kigulu Girls Primary School omuri 1992 reero bwanyima yaaza omu ishomero rya Bukoyo Senior Secondary School kukora [[Wp/nyn/Uganda Certificate of Education|Uganda Certificate of Education]] omuri 1996. Omuri 1999, Agnes akaza omu ishomero rya Iganga Senior Secondary School kukora Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education (UACE).Akaheebwa diguri y'okubanza omu by'obuhangwa kuruga Makerere University omuri 2004. Okwongyera ahari ekyo omuri 2007, akaza kwongyera aha mishomo ye yaheebwa satifikeeti omu by'ebiragiro (Administrative Officers Law Course) kuruga Law Development Centre, [[Wp/nyn/Kampala|Kampala]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Ashwirwe.

== Obukugu omu mirimo otakatandikire by'obutegyeki. ==
Ahagati y'emyaka 2006 na 2014, Agnes akakora nk'orikukurira entunguuka y'abantu omu Gavumenti y'ebyaro eya Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Bugiri District|Bugiri]] kandi bwanyima akakuzibwa yaaba orikukurira entunguuka y'abantu omu Disiturikiti ya Bugiri kandi akakora kuruga omuri 2014 kuhisya omuri 2015. Kuruga omuri 2010 kuhisya omuri 2012, bwanyima akatooranwa nk'orikukurira Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Bugiri District|Bugiri]].&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Naayebembera Taaka Agnes Wejuli Development Foundation.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.pmldaily.com/tag/taaka-agnes-wejuli-development-foundation &quot;Kadaga asks President to fulfill pledges&quot;]. ''PML Daily''. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Omurimo gw'eby'obutegyeki ==
Kuruga omuri 2016 kuhitsya hati, atwire naaheereza nk'omukazi omukiiki omwishengyero omu kicweka kya Bugiri.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://visiblepolls.org/ug/2021-general-election/candidates/taaka-agnes-10152/ &quot;Taaka Agnes - 2021 General Election - Visible Polls&quot;]. ''visiblepolls.org''. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt; Omu buheereza bwe nk'omukiiki omwishengyero omu ishengyero rya Uganda, Agnes atwire naaheereza omurimo ogundi nk'omukiiki aha kakiiko k'eby'obuhingi n'oburiisa. Ebi arikukunda kukora ni omupiira gw'engaro, n'okuzina; kandi aine ekyetengo ky'omutaano omu kuhwera amaka agooro, ebibiina by'abantu hamwe n'eminyeeto.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Akeegaita aha kibiina kya Uganda Women Parliamentary Association (UWOPA) omu ishengyero ry'omurundi gwa 10.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210418030533/http://uwopa.or.ug/content/members-uwopa-10th-parliament &quot;Members of UWOPA of 10th Parliament | Uganda Women Parliamentary Association&quot;]. ''uwopa.or.ug''. Archived from the original on 2021-04-18. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt; Aha Uganda Women Parliamentary Association (UWOPA), naaheereza aha kakiiko k'ebiragiro ebirikukwata aha mirimo/okutunguura eby'entaasya, ekirikukwatanisa n'ebitongore by'obuntu buntu nk'omuringo gw'okukora ehururu omu miringo ena mikuru.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210418020754/http://uwopa.or.ug/page/uwopa-round-table-committees &quot;Uwopa Round Table Committees | Uganda Women Parliamentary Association&quot;]. ''uwopa.or.ug''. Archived from the original on 2021-04-18. Retrieved 2021-03-26.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Reeba n'ebindi. ==

* Orukarara rw'abany'eishengyero rya ikumi na rimwe omu ishengyero rya Uganda.
* Orunyiriri rw'abany'eishengyero rya ikumi omuri Uganda.
* Orukarara rw'abany'eishengyero ry'amwenda omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda.]]
* Disiturikiti ya [[Wp/nyn/Bugiri District|Bugiri.]]
* [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]]
* Omukiiki omwishengyero.
* [[Wp/nyn/Eishengyero rya Uganda|Eishengyero rya Uganda.]]

== Eby'okureeberaho. ==

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{| cellpadding=&quot;4&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; style=&quot;background:#f9f9f9; border-collapse:collapse; border:0;&quot;
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| style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #f5f9f9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top;&quot; | {{{lèngua}}}
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! style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #f5f9f9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;&quot; | Stoiṡa
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&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
{{Wp/rgn/Stèd2
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  <page>
    <title>Wq/pa/ਅਬਿਸੋਏ ਅਜਾਏ-ਅਕਿਨਫੋਲਾਰਿਨ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>7304925</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:53:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
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      <text bytes="3398" sha1="40e9tpddmpuju9vhfkmh1o5edjmw72f" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Abisoye_1.jpg|thumb|ਅਬਿਸੋਏ ਅਜਾਏ-ਅਕਿਨਫੋਲਾਰਿਨ 2018 ਵਿੱਚ]]
'''ਅਬਿਸੋਏ ਅਜਾਏ-ਅਕਿਨਫੋਲਾਰਿਨ''' (ਜਨਮ 19 ਮਈ 1985, ਨਾਮ '''ਅਬਿਸੋਏ ਅਬੋਸੇਦੇ ਅਜਾਏ''') ਇੱਕ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ ਵਾਲੀ ਉਦਯੋਗਪਤੀ ਅਤੇ ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਮਾਹਿਰ ਹੈ। ਉਸ ਦਾ ਕੰਮ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ, ਨੌਜਵਾਨਾਂ ਦੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਅਤੇ ਜਨਤਕ ਅਗਵਾਈ ਵਰਗੇ ਖੇਤਰਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਜੁੜਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਹੈ।
== ਕਥਨ ==
* ਮੈਂ ਉਮੀਦ ਕਰਦੀ ਹਾਂ ਕਿ ਹਰ ਔਰਤ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਮਹਾਨ ਸਮਝੇ।
* ਇੱਕ ਗੱਲ ਜੋ ਮੈਂ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੀ ਹਾਂ ਕਿ ਮੇਰੀਆਂ ਕੁੜੀਆਂ ਹਮੇਸ਼ਾ ਯਾਦ ਰੱਖਣ—ਉਹ ਭਾਵੇਂ ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਪਿਛੋਕੜ ਤੋਂ ਆਉਂਦੀਆਂ ਹੋਣ, ਉਹ ਆਪਣੀ ਮੰਜ਼ਿਲ ਹਾਸਲ ਕਰ ਸਕਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ।
* ਮੈਨੂੰ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਥਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਵੀ ਹੀਰੇ ਲੱਭ ਸਕਦੇ ਹੋ।
* ਤਕਨਾਲੋਜੀ ਦਾ ਖੇਤਰ ਅਜੇ ਵੀ ਮੁੱਖ ਤੌਰ ’ਤੇ ਮਰਦਾਂ ਦੇ ਦਬਦਬੇ ਹੇਠ ਹੈ। ਫਿਰ ਅਸੀਂ ਇਹ ਖੇਤਰ ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਮੁੰਡਿਆਂ ਲਈ ਹੀ ਕਿਉਂ ਛੱਡੀਏ? ਮੇਰਾ ਮੰਨਣਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਕੁੜੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਵੀ ਬਰਾਬਰ ਮੌਕੇ ਮਿਲਣੇ ਚਾਹੀਦੇ ਹਨ।
* ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੀਆਂ ਕੁੜੀਆਂ ਗਰੀਬੀ ਦੇ ਇੱਕ ਦੁਸ਼ਚੱਕਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਫਸੀਆਂ ਹੋਈਆਂ ਹਨ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਈਆਂ ਲਈ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਜਾਂ ਆਪਣੇ ਭਵਿੱਖ ਲਈ ਕੋਈ ਯੋਜਨਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਬਾਰੇ ਸੋਚਣਾ ਵੀ ਮੁਸ਼ਕਲ ਹੈ। ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਜ਼ਿੰਦਗੀ ਦੇ ਇੱਕ ਹੋਰ ਬਿਹਤਰ ਰਾਹ ਨਾਲ ਜਾਣੂ ਕਰਵਾਉਣ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ ਹੈ।
* ਤੁਸੀਂ ਅੰਦਾਜ਼ਾ ਲਗਾ ਸਕਦੇ ਹੋ ਕਿ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਕਿੰਨੀ ਅਦਭੁਤ ਪ੍ਰਤਿਭਾ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ, ਪਰ ਜੇ ਤੁਸੀਂ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੀ ਕਾਬਲੀਅਤ ਦਿਖਾਉਣ ਦਾ ਮੌਕਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਦਿੰਦੇ, ਤਾਂ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀ ਇਹ ਪ੍ਰਤਿਭਾ ਕਦੇ ਸਾਹਮਣੇ ਨਹੀਂ ਆਉਂਦੀ।
* ਮਕੋਕੋ ਇੱਕ ਅਜਿਹਾ ਮਾਮਲਾ ਹੈ, ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਅਧਿਐਨ ਕਰਕੇ ਪੂਰੀ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਸਮਝਣਾ ਆਸਾਨ ਨਹੀਂ। ਉਸ ਥਾਂ ’ਤੇ ਕੀ ਕੁਝ ਵਾਪਰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਇਸ ਦੀਆਂ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੀਆਂ ਗੱਲਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਝਣ ਵਿੱਚ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਵੀ ਕਾਫ਼ੀ ਸਮਾਂ ਲੱਗਿਆ।

[[Category:Wq/pa]]
[[Category:Wq/pa/ਨਾਈਜੀਰੀਆ ਦੀਆਂ ਮਹਿਲਾ ਕਾਰਕੁਨ]]


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|-
| align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%; padding: 5px; color: #a00;&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[Wp/rgn/Agl'Infunsẽ|Agl'Infunsẽ]] · [[Wp/rgn/Bagnacaval|Bagnacaval]] · [[Wp/rgn/Bagnèra|Bagnèra]] · [[Wp/rgn/Brisighèla|Brisighèla]] · [[Wp/rgn/Castèl Bulgnés|Castèl Bulgnés]] · [[Wp/rgn/Chêsla|Chêsla]] · [[Wp/rgn/Cudgnòla|Cudgnòla]] · [[Wp/rgn/Cunsèls|Cunsèls]] · [[Wp/rgn/Fënza|Fënza]] · [[Wp/rgn/Fusgnàn|Fusgnàn]] · [[Wp/rgn/Lugh|Lugh]] · [[Wp/rgn/La Masa|La Màsa]] · [[Wp/rgn/Ravèna|Ravena]] · [[Wp/rgn/Riòl|Riòl]] · [[Wp/rgn/Rós|Rós]] · [[Wp/rgn/Sant'Êtca|Sant'Êtca]] · [[Wp/rgn/Slarol|Slarôl]] · [[Wp/rgn/Zirvia|Zìrvia]]
&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Wp/rgn/Mudël]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>dlchlr2x5obpyeigi98o5lbcijrvxqf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Wp/rgn/Var</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3802572</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305227</id>
      <parentid>7303755</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:03:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ganjidvd</username>
        <id>2540604</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305227</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="7642" sha1="q0ds1iwvfsmy7sbz7y14cy71pxq4go2" xml:space="preserve">	local p = {}

-- Dizionari delle varietà
-- Inserire le traduzioni nella propria varietà in ordine alfabetico
local dizionari = {

    -- RO = Dialetto della Romagna nord-ovest
    -- (Ravenna, Forlì, Faenza, Imola...)
    RO = {
		[&quot;abitanti&quot;] = &quot;abitẽnt&quot;,
		[&quot;altitudine&quot;] = &quot;altitùdin&quot;,
		[&quot;altre lingue&quot;] = &quot;êtri lenguv&quot;,
		[&quot;amministratore&quot;] = &quot;aministrador&quot;,
		[&quot;capitale&quot;] = &quot;capitêla&quot;,
		[&quot;capoluogo&quot;] = &quot;caplugh&quot;,
		[&quot;confini&quot;] = &quot;cunfẽn&quot;,
        [&quot;consultato&quot;] = &quot;cunsultê&quot;,
		[&quot;densità&quot;] = &quot;dinsitê&quot;,
		[&quot;di&quot;] = &quot;d&quot;,
		[&quot;divisione amministrativa&quot;] = &quot;diviṣiõn aministrativa&quot;,
		[&quot;divisione superiore&quot;] = &quot;diviṣiõn supariora&quot;,
		[&quot;edizione&quot;] = &quot;ediziõn&quot;,
        [&quot;immagine&quot;] = &quot;figura&quot;,
		[&quot;lingue ufficiali&quot;] = &quot;lenguv ufiziêli&quot;,
        [&quot;morte&quot;] = &quot;môrt&quot;,
        [&quot;nascita&quot;] = &quot;nàsita&quot;,
        [&quot;nome&quot;] = &quot;nöm&quot;,
		[&quot;nome abitanti&quot;] = &quot;nöm abitẽnt&quot;,
		[&quot;nome ufficiale&quot;] = &quot;nöm ufiziêl&quot;,
        [&quot;pagine&quot;] = &quot;pàgin&quot;,
		[&quot;presidente&quot;] = &quot;prasidẽnt&quot;,
        [&quot;professione&quot;] = &quot;prufesiõn&quot;,
		[&quot;senza fonte&quot;] = &quot;sẽnza surẓẽnt&quot;,
		[&quot;sito istituzionale&quot;] = &quot;sid istituziunêl&quot;,
		[&quot;stato&quot;] = &quot;stêt&quot;,
		[&quot;superficie&quot;] = &quot;àrea&quot;,
		[&quot;tipo&quot;] = &quot;tip&quot;,
        [&quot;traduttore&quot;] = &quot;tradutór&quot;,
        [&quot;volume&quot;] = &quot;vulòm&quot;,

        -- Mesi dell'anno
        [&quot;gennaio&quot;] = &quot;ẓnêr&quot;,
        [&quot;febbraio&quot;] = &quot;fabrêr&quot;,
        [&quot;marzo&quot;] = &quot;mêrz&quot;,
        [&quot;aprile&quot;] = &quot;avril&quot;,
        [&quot;maggio&quot;] = &quot;maẓ&quot;,
        [&quot;giugno&quot;] = &quot;ẓogn&quot;,
        [&quot;luglio&quot;] = &quot;loj&quot;,
        [&quot;agosto&quot;] = &quot;agost&quot;,
        [&quot;settembre&quot;] = &quot;setèmbar&quot;,
        [&quot;ottobre&quot;] = &quot;utōbar&quot;,
        [&quot;novembre&quot;] = &quot;nuvèmbar&quot;,
        [&quot;dicembre&quot;] = &quot;dizèmbar&quot;,
		
		-- Stati del mondo
		[&quot;Albania&quot;] = &quot;Albanèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Andorra&quot;] = &quot;Andòrra&quot;,
		[&quot;Argentina&quot;] = &quot;Arẓintẽna&quot;,
		[&quot;Australia&quot;] = &quot;Avstraglia&quot;,
		[&quot;Austria&quot;] = &quot;Àvstria&quot;,
		[&quot;Bangladesh&quot;] = &quot;Bangladesh&quot;,
		[&quot;Belgio&quot;] = &quot;Belg&quot;,
		[&quot;Brasile&quot;] = &quot;Braṣil&quot;,
		[&quot;Bulgaria&quot;] = &quot;Bulgarèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Canada&quot;] = &quot;Canadà&quot;,
		[&quot;Cina&quot;] = &quot;Cina&quot;,
		[&quot;Corea del Nord&quot;] = &quot;Curéa de’ Nord&quot;,
		[&quot;Corea del Sud&quot;] = &quot;Curéa de' Sud&quot;,
		[&quot;Costa d'Avorio&quot;] = &quot;Costa d Avôri&quot;,
		[&quot;Costa Rica&quot;] = &quot;Costa Rica&quot;,
		[&quot;Croazia&quot;] = &quot;Gruàzia&quot;,
		[&quot;Cuba&quot;] = &quot;Cuba&quot;,
		[&quot;Danimarca&quot;] = &quot;Danimêrca&quot;,
		[&quot;Ecuador&quot;] = &quot;Ecuador&quot;,
		[&quot;Egitto&quot;] = &quot;Egèt&quot;,
		[&quot;El Salvador&quot;] = &quot;El Salvador&quot;,
		[&quot;Eritrea&quot;] = &quot;Eritréa&quot;,
		[&quot;Etiopia&quot;] = &quot;Etiòpia&quot;,
		[&quot;Filippine&quot;] = &quot;Filipin&quot;,
		[&quot;Finlandia&quot;] = &quot;Finlandia&quot;,
		[&quot;Francia&quot;] = &quot;Frãnza&quot;,
		[&quot;Germania&quot;] = &quot;Germãgna&quot;,
		[&quot;Ghana&quot;] = &quot;Ghana&quot;,
		[&quot;Giappone&quot;] = &quot;Giapõn&quot;,
		[&quot;Gibuti&quot;] = &quot;Gibuti&quot;,
		[&quot;Giordania&quot;] = &quot;Ẓurdãgna&quot;,
		[&quot;Grecia&quot;] = &quot;Grégia&quot;,
		[&quot;Guyana&quot;] = &quot;Guyana&quot;,
		[&quot;India&quot;] = &quot;Èngia&quot;,
		[&quot;Iran&quot;] = &quot;Iran&quot;,
		[&quot;Iraq&quot;] = &quot;Iraq&quot;,
		[&quot;Irlanda&quot;] = &quot;Irlãnda&quot;,
		[&quot;Islanda&quot;] = &quot;Iṣlãnda&quot;,
		[&quot;Israele&quot;] = &quot;Iṣraél&quot;,
		[&quot;Italia&quot;] = &quot;Itaglia&quot;,
		[&quot;Kazakistan&quot;] = &quot;Kazàkistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Kenya&quot;] = &quot;Kenya&quot;,
		[&quot;Kirghizistan&quot;] = &quot;Kirghìzistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Kiribati&quot;] = &quot;Kiribati&quot;,
		[&quot;Lesotho&quot;] = &quot;Lesotho&quot;,
		[&quot;Libano&quot;] = &quot;Lìban&quot;,
		[&quot;Libia&quot;] = &quot;Lìbia&quot;,
		[&quot;Liechtenstein&quot;] = &quot;Liechtenstein&quot;,
		[&quot;Lussemburgo&quot;] = &quot;Lusemburg&quot;,
		[&quot;Madedonia del Nord&quot;] = &quot;Macedògna de' Nord&quot;,
		[&quot;Madagascar&quot;] = &quot;Madagascar&quot;,
		[&quot;Malawi&quot;] = &quot;Malawi&quot;,
		[&quot;Mali&quot;] = &quot;Mali&quot;,
		[&quot;Malta&quot;] = &quot;Mêlta&quot;,
		[&quot;Marocco&quot;] = &quot;Maröc&quot;,
		[&quot;Messico&quot;] = &quot;Mèsic&quot;,
		[&quot;Monaco&quot;] = &quot;Mùnegu&quot;,
		[&quot;Nauru&quot;] = &quot;Naùru&quot;,
		[&quot;Nepal&quot;] = &quot;Népal&quot;,
		[&quot;Nicaragua&quot;] = &quot;Nicaràgua&quot;,
		[&quot;Norvegia&quot;] = &quot;Nurvégia&quot;,
		[&quot;Nuova Zelanda&quot;] = &quot;Nóva Ẓelãnda&quot;,
		[&quot;Oman&quot;] = &quot;Oman&quot;,
		[&quot;Paesi Bassi&quot;] = &quot;Paìṣ Bëṣ&quot;,
		[&quot;Pakistan&quot;] = &quot;Pàkistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Panama&quot;] = &quot;Pànama&quot;,
		[&quot;Paraguay&quot;] = &quot;Paraguay&quot;,
		[&quot;Perù&quot;] = &quot;Pirù&quot;,
		[&quot;Polonia&quot;] = &quot;Pulògna&quot;,
		[&quot;Portogallo&quot;] = &quot;Partugal&quot;,
		[&quot;Qatar&quot;] = &quot;Qatar&quot;,
		[&quot;Regno Unito&quot;] = &quot;Règn Unì&quot;,
		[&quot;Repubblica Centrafricana&quot;] = &quot;Ripóblica Zintrafrichẽna&quot;,
		[&quot;Romania&quot;] = &quot;Rumanèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Russia&quot;] = &quot;Rósia&quot;,
		[&quot;Saint Kitts e Nevis&quot;] = &quot;Saint Kitts e Nevis&quot;,
		[&quot;Samoa&quot;] = &quot;Samoa&quot;,
		[&quot;San Marino&quot;] = &quot;Sãn Marẽn&quot;,
		[&quot;São Tomé e Príncipe&quot;] = &quot;São Tomé e Príncipe&quot;,
		[&quot;Senegal&quot;] = &quot;Sénegal&quot;,
		[&quot;Serbia&quot;] = &quot;Sérbia&quot;,
		[&quot;Seychelles&quot;] = &quot;Seychelles&quot;,
		[&quot;Slovacchia&quot;] = &quot;Ṣluvachia&quot;,
		[&quot;Slovenia&quot;] = &quot;Sluvégna&quot;,
		[&quot;Spagna&quot;] = &quot;Spãgna&quot;,
		[&quot;Sri Lanka&quot;] = &quot;Sri Lanka&quot;,
		[&quot;Stati Uniti&quot;] = &quot;Stet Unì&quot;,
		[&quot;Svezia&quot;] = &quot;Ṣvézia&quot;,
		[&quot;Svizzera&quot;] = &quot;Ṣvèzra&quot;,
		[&quot;eSwatini&quot;] = &quot;eSwatini&quot;,
		[&quot;Tagikistan&quot;] = &quot;Tagìkistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Tonga&quot;] = &quot;Tonga&quot;,
		[&quot;Trinidad e Tobago&quot;] = &quot;Trinidad e Tobago&quot;,
		[&quot;Tunisia&quot;] = &quot;Tunisèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Turchia&quot;] = &quot;Turchèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Turkmenistan&quot;] = &quot;Turkménistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Tuvalu&quot;] = &quot;Tuvalu&quot;,
		[&quot;Ucraina&quot;] = &quot;Ucraina&quot;,
		[&quot;Ungheria&quot;] = &quot;Ungarèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Uruguay&quot;] = &quot;Uruguay&quot;,
		[&quot;Uzbekistan&quot;] = &quot;Uzbékistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Vanuatu&quot;] = &quot;Vanuatu&quot;,
		[&quot;Città del Vaticano&quot;] = &quot;Zitê de' Vaticãn&quot;,
    },

    -- SM = Dialetto sammarinese
    SM = {
		[&quot;abitanti&quot;] = &quot;abitint&quot;,
	    [&quot;altre lingue&quot;] = &quot;élti lèngui&quot;,
		[&quot;capitale&quot;] = &quot;capitèla&quot;,
     	[&quot;capoluogo&quot;] = &quot;chép-lugh&quot;,
		[&quot;confini&quot;] = &quot;cunféin&quot;,
		[&quot;densità&quot;] = &quot;densitè&quot;,
		[&quot;di&quot;] = &quot;'d&quot;,
		[&quot;divisione amministrativa&quot;] = &quot;diviṡiòun aministratéva&quot;,
		[&quot;divisione superiore&quot;] = &quot;diviṡiòun 'd sòra&quot;,
		[&quot;edizione&quot;] = &quot;ediziòuna&quot;,
        [&quot;immagine&quot;] = &quot;imaggna&quot;,
		[&quot;lingue ufficiali&quot;] = &quot;lèngui uficéli&quot;,
        [&quot;morte&quot;] = &quot;morta&quot;,
        [&quot;nascita&quot;] = &quot;nascia&quot;,
        [&quot;nome&quot;] = &quot;nom&quot;,
		[&quot;nome abitanti&quot;] = &quot;nom abitìnt&quot;,
		[&quot;nome ufficiale&quot;] = &quot;nom uficiél&quot;,
        [&quot;pagine&quot;] = &quot;pàggni&quot;,
		[&quot;presidente&quot;] = &quot;presidèint&quot;,
        [&quot;professione&quot;] = &quot;profesiòuna&quot;,
		[&quot;stato&quot;] = &quot;stèd&quot;,
		[&quot;superficie&quot;] = &quot;stoiṡa&quot;,
		[&quot;senza fonte&quot;] = &quot;séinza fònta&quot;,
		[&quot;sito istituzionale&quot;] = &quot;séd istituziunél&quot;,
		[&quot;tipo&quot;] = &quot;tip&quot;,
        [&quot;traduttore&quot;] = &quot;tradutór&quot;,
        [&quot;volume&quot;] = &quot;vulóm&quot;,

        -- Mesi dell'anno
        [&quot;gennaio&quot;] = &quot;sgner&quot;,
        [&quot;febbraio&quot;] = &quot;fibrer&quot;,
        [&quot;marzo&quot;] = &quot;merz&quot;,
        [&quot;aprile&quot;] = &quot;avril&quot;,
        [&quot;maggio&quot;] = &quot;magg&quot;,
        [&quot;giugno&quot;] = &quot;giogn&quot;,
        [&quot;luglio&quot;] = &quot;loj&quot;,
        [&quot;agosto&quot;] = &quot;agost&quot;,
        [&quot;settembre&quot;] = &quot;sitembri&quot;,
        [&quot;ottobre&quot;] = &quot;utobri&quot;,
        [&quot;novembre&quot;] = &quot;nuvembri&quot;,
        [&quot;dicembre&quot;] = &quot;dicembri&quot;,

		-- Stati del mondo
        [&quot;Italia&quot;] = &quot;Italia&quot;,
        [&quot;Russia&quot;] = &quot;Rósia&quot;,
		[&quot;San Marino&quot;] = &quot;San Marèin&quot;,
    },
}

-- Sigle che utilizzano lo stesso dizionario
local alias = {
    RC = &quot;RO&quot;,
    RZ = &quot;RO&quot;,
}

-- Restituisce la traduzione
function p.traduci(frame)

    local var = frame.args.var
    local italiano = frame.args.italiano

    -- Varietà predefinita
    if not var or var == &quot;&quot; then
        var = &quot;RO&quot;
    end

    -- Se la sigla è un alias, usa il dizionario corrispondente
    if alias[var] then
        var = alias[var]
    end

    -- Se la varietà non esiste, usa RO
    if not dizionari[var] then
        var = &quot;RO&quot;
    end

    -- Cerca la parola nella varietà richiesta
    local traduzione = dizionari[var][italiano]

    -- Se non trovata e la varietà non è RO,
    -- cerca nel dizionario RO
    if not traduzione and var ~= &quot;RO&quot; then
        traduzione = dizionari.RO[italiano]
    end

    -- Se non esiste nemmeno in RO,
    -- restituisce il termine italiano
    if not traduzione then
        traduzione = italiano
    end

    -- Gestione dell'iniziale
    local minuscola = frame.args.minuscola

    if minuscola == &quot;1&quot; then
        return mw.ustring.lower(mw.ustring.sub(traduzione, 1, 1)) ..
               mw.ustring.sub(traduzione, 2)
    end

    return mw.ustring.upper(mw.ustring.sub(traduzione, 1, 1)) ..
           mw.ustring.sub(traduzione, 2)
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>q0ds1iwvfsmy7sbz7y14cy71pxq4go2</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305230</id>
      <parentid>7305227</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:05:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ganjidvd</username>
        <id>2540604</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>7305230</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="7640" sha1="qcdsqcv6e701mc5zqntl8qcxouon9sg" xml:space="preserve">	local p = {}

-- Dizionari delle varietà
-- Inserire le traduzioni nella propria varietà in ordine alfabetico
local dizionari = {

    -- RO = Dialetto della Romagna nord-ovest
    -- (Ravenna, Forlì, Faenza, Imola...)
    RO = {
		[&quot;abitanti&quot;] = &quot;abitẽnt&quot;,
		[&quot;altitudine&quot;] = &quot;altitùdin&quot;,
		[&quot;altre lingue&quot;] = &quot;êtri lenguv&quot;,
		[&quot;amministratore&quot;] = &quot;aministrador&quot;,
		[&quot;capitale&quot;] = &quot;capitêla&quot;,
		[&quot;capoluogo&quot;] = &quot;caplugh&quot;,
		[&quot;confini&quot;] = &quot;cunfẽn&quot;,
        [&quot;consultato&quot;] = &quot;cunsultê&quot;,
		[&quot;densità&quot;] = &quot;dinsitê&quot;,
		[&quot;di&quot;] = &quot;d&quot;,
		[&quot;divisione amministrativa&quot;] = &quot;diviṣiõn aministrativa&quot;,
		[&quot;divisione superiore&quot;] = &quot;diviṣiõn supariora&quot;,
		[&quot;edizione&quot;] = &quot;ediziõn&quot;,
        [&quot;immagine&quot;] = &quot;figura&quot;,
		[&quot;lingue ufficiali&quot;] = &quot;lenguv ufiziêli&quot;,
        [&quot;morte&quot;] = &quot;môrt&quot;,
        [&quot;nascita&quot;] = &quot;nàsita&quot;,
        [&quot;nome&quot;] = &quot;nöm&quot;,
		[&quot;nome abitanti&quot;] = &quot;nöm abitẽnt&quot;,
		[&quot;nome ufficiale&quot;] = &quot;nöm ufiziêl&quot;,
        [&quot;pagine&quot;] = &quot;pàgin&quot;,
		[&quot;presidente&quot;] = &quot;prasidẽnt&quot;,
        [&quot;professione&quot;] = &quot;prufesiõn&quot;,
		[&quot;senza fonte&quot;] = &quot;sẽnza surẓẽnt&quot;,
		[&quot;sito istituzionale&quot;] = &quot;sid istituziunêl&quot;,
		[&quot;stato&quot;] = &quot;stêt&quot;,
		[&quot;superficie&quot;] = &quot;àrea&quot;,
		[&quot;tipo&quot;] = &quot;tip&quot;,
        [&quot;traduttore&quot;] = &quot;tradutór&quot;,
        [&quot;volume&quot;] = &quot;vulòm&quot;,

        -- Mesi dell'anno
        [&quot;gennaio&quot;] = &quot;ẓnêr&quot;,
        [&quot;febbraio&quot;] = &quot;fabrêr&quot;,
        [&quot;marzo&quot;] = &quot;mêrz&quot;,
        [&quot;aprile&quot;] = &quot;avril&quot;,
        [&quot;maggio&quot;] = &quot;maẓ&quot;,
        [&quot;giugno&quot;] = &quot;ẓogn&quot;,
        [&quot;luglio&quot;] = &quot;loj&quot;,
        [&quot;agosto&quot;] = &quot;agost&quot;,
        [&quot;settembre&quot;] = &quot;setèmbar&quot;,
        [&quot;ottobre&quot;] = &quot;utōbar&quot;,
        [&quot;novembre&quot;] = &quot;nuvèmbar&quot;,
        [&quot;dicembre&quot;] = &quot;dizèmbar&quot;,
		
		-- Stati del mondo
		[&quot;Albania&quot;] = &quot;Albanèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Andorra&quot;] = &quot;Andòrra&quot;,
		[&quot;Argentina&quot;] = &quot;Arẓintẽna&quot;,
		[&quot;Australia&quot;] = &quot;Avstraglia&quot;,
		[&quot;Austria&quot;] = &quot;Àvstria&quot;,
		[&quot;Bangladesh&quot;] = &quot;Bangladesh&quot;,
		[&quot;Belgio&quot;] = &quot;Belg&quot;,
		[&quot;Brasile&quot;] = &quot;Braṣil&quot;,
		[&quot;Bulgaria&quot;] = &quot;Bulgarèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Canada&quot;] = &quot;Canadà&quot;,
		[&quot;Cina&quot;] = &quot;Cina&quot;,
		[&quot;Corea del Nord&quot;] = &quot;Curéa de' Nord&quot;,
		[&quot;Corea del Sud&quot;] = &quot;Curéa de' Sud&quot;,
		[&quot;Costa d'Avorio&quot;] = &quot;Costa d Avôri&quot;,
		[&quot;Costa Rica&quot;] = &quot;Costa Rica&quot;,
		[&quot;Croazia&quot;] = &quot;Gruàzia&quot;,
		[&quot;Cuba&quot;] = &quot;Cuba&quot;,
		[&quot;Danimarca&quot;] = &quot;Danimêrca&quot;,
		[&quot;Ecuador&quot;] = &quot;Ecuador&quot;,
		[&quot;Egitto&quot;] = &quot;Egèt&quot;,
		[&quot;El Salvador&quot;] = &quot;El Salvador&quot;,
		[&quot;Eritrea&quot;] = &quot;Eritréa&quot;,
		[&quot;Etiopia&quot;] = &quot;Etiòpia&quot;,
		[&quot;Filippine&quot;] = &quot;Filipin&quot;,
		[&quot;Finlandia&quot;] = &quot;Finlandia&quot;,
		[&quot;Francia&quot;] = &quot;Frãnza&quot;,
		[&quot;Germania&quot;] = &quot;Germãgna&quot;,
		[&quot;Ghana&quot;] = &quot;Ghana&quot;,
		[&quot;Giappone&quot;] = &quot;Giapõn&quot;,
		[&quot;Gibuti&quot;] = &quot;Gibuti&quot;,
		[&quot;Giordania&quot;] = &quot;Ẓurdãgna&quot;,
		[&quot;Grecia&quot;] = &quot;Grégia&quot;,
		[&quot;Guyana&quot;] = &quot;Guyana&quot;,
		[&quot;India&quot;] = &quot;Èngia&quot;,
		[&quot;Iran&quot;] = &quot;Iran&quot;,
		[&quot;Iraq&quot;] = &quot;Iraq&quot;,
		[&quot;Irlanda&quot;] = &quot;Irlãnda&quot;,
		[&quot;Islanda&quot;] = &quot;Iṣlãnda&quot;,
		[&quot;Israele&quot;] = &quot;Iṣraél&quot;,
		[&quot;Italia&quot;] = &quot;Itaglia&quot;,
		[&quot;Kazakistan&quot;] = &quot;Kazàkistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Kenya&quot;] = &quot;Kenya&quot;,
		[&quot;Kirghizistan&quot;] = &quot;Kirghìzistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Kiribati&quot;] = &quot;Kiribati&quot;,
		[&quot;Lesotho&quot;] = &quot;Lesotho&quot;,
		[&quot;Libano&quot;] = &quot;Lìban&quot;,
		[&quot;Libia&quot;] = &quot;Lìbia&quot;,
		[&quot;Liechtenstein&quot;] = &quot;Liechtenstein&quot;,
		[&quot;Lussemburgo&quot;] = &quot;Lusemburg&quot;,
		[&quot;Madedonia del Nord&quot;] = &quot;Macedògna de' Nord&quot;,
		[&quot;Madagascar&quot;] = &quot;Madagascar&quot;,
		[&quot;Malawi&quot;] = &quot;Malawi&quot;,
		[&quot;Mali&quot;] = &quot;Mali&quot;,
		[&quot;Malta&quot;] = &quot;Mêlta&quot;,
		[&quot;Marocco&quot;] = &quot;Maröc&quot;,
		[&quot;Messico&quot;] = &quot;Mèsic&quot;,
		[&quot;Monaco&quot;] = &quot;Mùnegu&quot;,
		[&quot;Nauru&quot;] = &quot;Naùru&quot;,
		[&quot;Nepal&quot;] = &quot;Népal&quot;,
		[&quot;Nicaragua&quot;] = &quot;Nicaràgua&quot;,
		[&quot;Norvegia&quot;] = &quot;Nurvégia&quot;,
		[&quot;Nuova Zelanda&quot;] = &quot;Nóva Ẓelãnda&quot;,
		[&quot;Oman&quot;] = &quot;Oman&quot;,
		[&quot;Paesi Bassi&quot;] = &quot;Paìṣ Bëṣ&quot;,
		[&quot;Pakistan&quot;] = &quot;Pàkistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Panama&quot;] = &quot;Pànama&quot;,
		[&quot;Paraguay&quot;] = &quot;Paraguay&quot;,
		[&quot;Perù&quot;] = &quot;Pirù&quot;,
		[&quot;Polonia&quot;] = &quot;Pulògna&quot;,
		[&quot;Portogallo&quot;] = &quot;Partugal&quot;,
		[&quot;Qatar&quot;] = &quot;Qatar&quot;,
		[&quot;Regno Unito&quot;] = &quot;Règn Unì&quot;,
		[&quot;Repubblica Centrafricana&quot;] = &quot;Ripóblica Zintrafrichẽna&quot;,
		[&quot;Romania&quot;] = &quot;Rumanèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Russia&quot;] = &quot;Rósia&quot;,
		[&quot;Saint Kitts e Nevis&quot;] = &quot;Saint Kitts e Nevis&quot;,
		[&quot;Samoa&quot;] = &quot;Samoa&quot;,
		[&quot;San Marino&quot;] = &quot;Sãn Marẽn&quot;,
		[&quot;São Tomé e Príncipe&quot;] = &quot;São Tomé e Príncipe&quot;,
		[&quot;Senegal&quot;] = &quot;Sénegal&quot;,
		[&quot;Serbia&quot;] = &quot;Sérbia&quot;,
		[&quot;Seychelles&quot;] = &quot;Seychelles&quot;,
		[&quot;Slovacchia&quot;] = &quot;Ṣluvachia&quot;,
		[&quot;Slovenia&quot;] = &quot;Sluvégna&quot;,
		[&quot;Spagna&quot;] = &quot;Spãgna&quot;,
		[&quot;Sri Lanka&quot;] = &quot;Sri Lanka&quot;,
		[&quot;Stati Uniti&quot;] = &quot;Stet Unì&quot;,
		[&quot;Svezia&quot;] = &quot;Ṣvézia&quot;,
		[&quot;Svizzera&quot;] = &quot;Ṣvèzra&quot;,
		[&quot;eSwatini&quot;] = &quot;eSwatini&quot;,
		[&quot;Tagikistan&quot;] = &quot;Tagìkistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Tonga&quot;] = &quot;Tonga&quot;,
		[&quot;Trinidad e Tobago&quot;] = &quot;Trinidad e Tobago&quot;,
		[&quot;Tunisia&quot;] = &quot;Tunisèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Turchia&quot;] = &quot;Turchèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Turkmenistan&quot;] = &quot;Turkménistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Tuvalu&quot;] = &quot;Tuvalu&quot;,
		[&quot;Ucraina&quot;] = &quot;Ucraina&quot;,
		[&quot;Ungheria&quot;] = &quot;Ungarèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Uruguay&quot;] = &quot;Uruguay&quot;,
		[&quot;Uzbekistan&quot;] = &quot;Uzbékistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Vanuatu&quot;] = &quot;Vanuatu&quot;,
		[&quot;Città del Vaticano&quot;] = &quot;Zitê de' Vaticãn&quot;,
    },

    -- SM = Dialetto sammarinese
    SM = {
		[&quot;abitanti&quot;] = &quot;abitint&quot;,
	    [&quot;altre lingue&quot;] = &quot;élti lèngui&quot;,
		[&quot;capitale&quot;] = &quot;capitèla&quot;,
     	[&quot;capoluogo&quot;] = &quot;chép-lugh&quot;,
		[&quot;confini&quot;] = &quot;cunféin&quot;,
		[&quot;densità&quot;] = &quot;densitè&quot;,
		[&quot;di&quot;] = &quot;'d&quot;,
		[&quot;divisione amministrativa&quot;] = &quot;diviṡiòun aministratéva&quot;,
		[&quot;divisione superiore&quot;] = &quot;diviṡiòun 'd sòra&quot;,
		[&quot;edizione&quot;] = &quot;ediziòuna&quot;,
        [&quot;immagine&quot;] = &quot;imaggna&quot;,
		[&quot;lingue ufficiali&quot;] = &quot;lèngui uficéli&quot;,
        [&quot;morte&quot;] = &quot;morta&quot;,
        [&quot;nascita&quot;] = &quot;nascia&quot;,
        [&quot;nome&quot;] = &quot;nom&quot;,
		[&quot;nome abitanti&quot;] = &quot;nom abitìnt&quot;,
		[&quot;nome ufficiale&quot;] = &quot;nom uficiél&quot;,
        [&quot;pagine&quot;] = &quot;pàggni&quot;,
		[&quot;presidente&quot;] = &quot;presidèint&quot;,
        [&quot;professione&quot;] = &quot;profesiòuna&quot;,
		[&quot;stato&quot;] = &quot;stèd&quot;,
		[&quot;superficie&quot;] = &quot;stoiṡa&quot;,
		[&quot;senza fonte&quot;] = &quot;séinza fònta&quot;,
		[&quot;sito istituzionale&quot;] = &quot;séd istituziunél&quot;,
		[&quot;tipo&quot;] = &quot;tip&quot;,
        [&quot;traduttore&quot;] = &quot;tradutór&quot;,
        [&quot;volume&quot;] = &quot;vulóm&quot;,

        -- Mesi dell'anno
        [&quot;gennaio&quot;] = &quot;sgner&quot;,
        [&quot;febbraio&quot;] = &quot;fibrer&quot;,
        [&quot;marzo&quot;] = &quot;merz&quot;,
        [&quot;aprile&quot;] = &quot;avril&quot;,
        [&quot;maggio&quot;] = &quot;magg&quot;,
        [&quot;giugno&quot;] = &quot;giogn&quot;,
        [&quot;luglio&quot;] = &quot;loj&quot;,
        [&quot;agosto&quot;] = &quot;agost&quot;,
        [&quot;settembre&quot;] = &quot;sitembri&quot;,
        [&quot;ottobre&quot;] = &quot;utobri&quot;,
        [&quot;novembre&quot;] = &quot;nuvembri&quot;,
        [&quot;dicembre&quot;] = &quot;dicembri&quot;,

		-- Stati del mondo
        [&quot;Italia&quot;] = &quot;Italia&quot;,
        [&quot;Russia&quot;] = &quot;Rósia&quot;,
		[&quot;San Marino&quot;] = &quot;San Marèin&quot;,
    },
}

-- Sigle che utilizzano lo stesso dizionario
local alias = {
    RC = &quot;RO&quot;,
    RZ = &quot;RO&quot;,
}

-- Restituisce la traduzione
function p.traduci(frame)

    local var = frame.args.var
    local italiano = frame.args.italiano

    -- Varietà predefinita
    if not var or var == &quot;&quot; then
        var = &quot;RO&quot;
    end

    -- Se la sigla è un alias, usa il dizionario corrispondente
    if alias[var] then
        var = alias[var]
    end

    -- Se la varietà non esiste, usa RO
    if not dizionari[var] then
        var = &quot;RO&quot;
    end

    -- Cerca la parola nella varietà richiesta
    local traduzione = dizionari[var][italiano]

    -- Se non trovata e la varietà non è RO,
    -- cerca nel dizionario RO
    if not traduzione and var ~= &quot;RO&quot; then
        traduzione = dizionari.RO[italiano]
    end

    -- Se non esiste nemmeno in RO,
    -- restituisce il termine italiano
    if not traduzione then
        traduzione = italiano
    end

    -- Gestione dell'iniziale
    local minuscola = frame.args.minuscola

    if minuscola == &quot;1&quot; then
        return mw.ustring.lower(mw.ustring.sub(traduzione, 1, 1)) ..
               mw.ustring.sub(traduzione, 2)
    end

    return mw.ustring.upper(mw.ustring.sub(traduzione, 1, 1)) ..
           mw.ustring.sub(traduzione, 2)
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>qcdsqcv6e701mc5zqntl8qcxouon9sg</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305234</id>
      <parentid>7305230</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:12:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ganjidvd</username>
        <id>2540604</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305234</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="7634" sha1="2jsjxp4tg7o6hs6mtq8veosumrunumu" xml:space="preserve">	local p = {}

-- Dizionari delle varietà
-- Inserire le traduzioni nella propria varietà in ordine alfabetico
local dizionari = {

    -- RO = Dialetto della Romagna nord-ovest
    -- (Ravenna, Forlì, Faenza, Imola...)
    RO = {
		[&quot;abitanti&quot;] = &quot;abitẽnt&quot;,
		[&quot;altitudine&quot;] = &quot;altitùdin&quot;,
		[&quot;altre lingue&quot;] = &quot;êtri lenguv&quot;,
		[&quot;amministratore&quot;] = &quot;aministrador&quot;,
		[&quot;capitale&quot;] = &quot;capitêla&quot;,
		[&quot;capoluogo&quot;] = &quot;caplugh&quot;,
		[&quot;confini&quot;] = &quot;cunfẽn&quot;,
        [&quot;consultato&quot;] = &quot;cunsultê&quot;,
		[&quot;densità&quot;] = &quot;dinsitê&quot;,
		[&quot;di&quot;] = &quot;d&quot;,
		[&quot;divisione amministrativa&quot;] = &quot;diviṣiõn aministrativa&quot;,
		[&quot;divisione superiore&quot;] = &quot;diviṣiõn supariora&quot;,
		[&quot;edizione&quot;] = &quot;ediziõn&quot;,
        [&quot;immagine&quot;] = &quot;figura&quot;,
		[&quot;lingue ufficiali&quot;] = &quot;lenguv ufiziêli&quot;,
        [&quot;morte&quot;] = &quot;môrt&quot;,
        [&quot;nascita&quot;] = &quot;nàsita&quot;,
        [&quot;nome&quot;] = &quot;nöm&quot;,
		[&quot;nome abitanti&quot;] = &quot;nöm abitẽnt&quot;,
		[&quot;nome ufficiale&quot;] = &quot;nöm ufiziêl&quot;,
        [&quot;pagine&quot;] = &quot;pàgin&quot;,
		[&quot;presidente&quot;] = &quot;prasidẽnt&quot;,
        [&quot;professione&quot;] = &quot;prufesiõn&quot;,
		[&quot;senza fonte&quot;] = &quot;sẽnza surẓẽnt&quot;,
		[&quot;sito istituzionale&quot;] = &quot;sid istituziunêl&quot;,
		[&quot;stato&quot;] = &quot;stêt&quot;,
		[&quot;superficie&quot;] = &quot;àrea&quot;,
		[&quot;tipo&quot;] = &quot;tip&quot;,
        [&quot;traduttore&quot;] = &quot;tradutór&quot;,
        [&quot;volume&quot;] = &quot;vulòm&quot;,

        -- Mesi dell'anno
        [&quot;gennaio&quot;] = &quot;ẓnêr&quot;,
        [&quot;febbraio&quot;] = &quot;fabrêr&quot;,
        [&quot;marzo&quot;] = &quot;mêrz&quot;,
        [&quot;aprile&quot;] = &quot;avril&quot;,
        [&quot;maggio&quot;] = &quot;maẓ&quot;,
        [&quot;giugno&quot;] = &quot;ẓogn&quot;,
        [&quot;luglio&quot;] = &quot;loj&quot;,
        [&quot;agosto&quot;] = &quot;agost&quot;,
        [&quot;settembre&quot;] = &quot;setèmbar&quot;,
        [&quot;ottobre&quot;] = &quot;utōbar&quot;,
        [&quot;novembre&quot;] = &quot;nuvèmbar&quot;,
        [&quot;dicembre&quot;] = &quot;dizèmbar&quot;,
		
		-- Stati del mondo
		[&quot;Albania&quot;] = &quot;Albanèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Andorra&quot;] = &quot;Andòrra&quot;,
		[&quot;Argentina&quot;] = &quot;Arẓintẽna&quot;,
		[&quot;Australia&quot;] = &quot;Avstraglia&quot;,
		[&quot;Austria&quot;] = &quot;Àvstria&quot;,
		[&quot;Bangladesh&quot;] = &quot;Bangladesh&quot;,
		[&quot;Belgio&quot;] = &quot;Belg&quot;,
		[&quot;Brasile&quot;] = &quot;Braṣil&quot;,
		[&quot;Bulgaria&quot;] = &quot;Bulgarèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Canada&quot;] = &quot;Canadà&quot;,
		[&quot;Cina&quot;] = &quot;Cina&quot;,
		[&quot;Corea del Nord&quot;] = &quot;Curéa de' Nord&quot;,
		[&quot;Corea del Sud&quot;] = &quot;Curéa de' Sud&quot;,
		[&quot;Costa d'Avorio&quot;] = &quot;Costa d Avôri&quot;,
		[&quot;Costa Rica&quot;] = &quot;Costa Rica&quot;,
		[&quot;Croazia&quot;] = &quot;Gruàzia&quot;,
		[&quot;Cuba&quot;] = &quot;Cuba&quot;,
		[&quot;Danimarca&quot;] = &quot;Danimêrca&quot;,
		[&quot;Ecuador&quot;] = &quot;Ecuador&quot;,
		[&quot;Egitto&quot;] = &quot;Egèt&quot;,
		[&quot;El Salvador&quot;] = &quot;El Salvador&quot;,
		[&quot;Eritrea&quot;] = &quot;Eritréa&quot;,
		[&quot;Etiopia&quot;] = &quot;Etiòpia&quot;,
		[&quot;Filippine&quot;] = &quot;Filipin&quot;,
		[&quot;Finlandia&quot;] = &quot;Finlandia&quot;,
		[&quot;Francia&quot;] = &quot;Frãnza&quot;,
		[&quot;Germania&quot;] = &quot;Germãgna&quot;,
		[&quot;Ghana&quot;] = &quot;Ghana&quot;,
		[&quot;Giappone&quot;] = &quot;Giapõn&quot;,
		[&quot;Gibuti&quot;] = &quot;Gibuti&quot;,
		[&quot;Giordania&quot;] = &quot;Ẓurdãgna&quot;,
		[&quot;Grecia&quot;] = &quot;Gregia&quot;,
		[&quot;Guyana&quot;] = &quot;Guyana&quot;,
		[&quot;India&quot;] = &quot;Èngia&quot;,
		[&quot;Iran&quot;] = &quot;Iran&quot;,
		[&quot;Iraq&quot;] = &quot;Iraq&quot;,
		[&quot;Irlanda&quot;] = &quot;Irlãnda&quot;,
		[&quot;Islanda&quot;] = &quot;Iṣlãnda&quot;,
		[&quot;Israele&quot;] = &quot;Iṣraél&quot;,
		[&quot;Italia&quot;] = &quot;Itaglia&quot;,
		[&quot;Kazakistan&quot;] = &quot;Kazàkistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Kenya&quot;] = &quot;Kenya&quot;,
		[&quot;Kirghizistan&quot;] = &quot;Kirghìzistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Kiribati&quot;] = &quot;Kiribati&quot;,
		[&quot;Lesotho&quot;] = &quot;Lesotho&quot;,
		[&quot;Libano&quot;] = &quot;Lìban&quot;,
		[&quot;Libia&quot;] = &quot;Lìbia&quot;,
		[&quot;Liechtenstein&quot;] = &quot;Liechtenstein&quot;,
		[&quot;Lussemburgo&quot;] = &quot;Lusemburg&quot;,
		[&quot;Madedonia del Nord&quot;] = &quot;Macedògna de' Nord&quot;,
		[&quot;Madagascar&quot;] = &quot;Madagascar&quot;,
		[&quot;Malawi&quot;] = &quot;Malawi&quot;,
		[&quot;Mali&quot;] = &quot;Mali&quot;,
		[&quot;Malta&quot;] = &quot;Mêlta&quot;,
		[&quot;Marocco&quot;] = &quot;Maröc&quot;,
		[&quot;Messico&quot;] = &quot;Mèsic&quot;,
		[&quot;Monaco&quot;] = &quot;Mùnegu&quot;,
		[&quot;Nauru&quot;] = &quot;Naùru&quot;,
		[&quot;Nepal&quot;] = &quot;Népal&quot;,
		[&quot;Nicaragua&quot;] = &quot;Nicaràgua&quot;,
		[&quot;Norvegia&quot;] = &quot;Nurvegia&quot;,
		[&quot;Nuova Zelanda&quot;] = &quot;Nova Ẓelãnda&quot;,
		[&quot;Oman&quot;] = &quot;Oman&quot;,
		[&quot;Paesi Bassi&quot;] = &quot;Paìṣ Bëṣ&quot;,
		[&quot;Pakistan&quot;] = &quot;Pàkistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Panama&quot;] = &quot;Pànama&quot;,
		[&quot;Paraguay&quot;] = &quot;Paraguay&quot;,
		[&quot;Perù&quot;] = &quot;Pirù&quot;,
		[&quot;Polonia&quot;] = &quot;Pulògna&quot;,
		[&quot;Portogallo&quot;] = &quot;Partugal&quot;,
		[&quot;Qatar&quot;] = &quot;Qatar&quot;,
		[&quot;Regno Unito&quot;] = &quot;Règn Unì&quot;,
		[&quot;Repubblica Centrafricana&quot;] = &quot;Ripóblica Zintrafrichẽna&quot;,
		[&quot;Romania&quot;] = &quot;Rumanèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Russia&quot;] = &quot;Rosia&quot;,
		[&quot;Saint Kitts e Nevis&quot;] = &quot;Saint Kitts e Nevis&quot;,
		[&quot;Samoa&quot;] = &quot;Samóa&quot;,
		[&quot;San Marino&quot;] = &quot;Sãn Marẽn&quot;,
		[&quot;São Tomé e Príncipe&quot;] = &quot;São Tomé e Príncipe&quot;,
		[&quot;Senegal&quot;] = &quot;Sénegal&quot;,
		[&quot;Serbia&quot;] = &quot;Serbia&quot;,
		[&quot;Seychelles&quot;] = &quot;Seychelles&quot;,
		[&quot;Slovacchia&quot;] = &quot;Ṣluvachia&quot;,
		[&quot;Slovenia&quot;] = &quot;Sluvegna&quot;,
		[&quot;Spagna&quot;] = &quot;Spãgna&quot;,
		[&quot;Sri Lanka&quot;] = &quot;Sri Lanka&quot;,
		[&quot;Stati Uniti&quot;] = &quot;Stet Unì&quot;,
		[&quot;Svezia&quot;] = &quot;Ṣvezia&quot;,
		[&quot;Svizzera&quot;] = &quot;Ṣvèzra&quot;,
		[&quot;eSwatini&quot;] = &quot;eSwatini&quot;,
		[&quot;Tagikistan&quot;] = &quot;Tagìkistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Tonga&quot;] = &quot;Tonga&quot;,
		[&quot;Trinidad e Tobago&quot;] = &quot;Trinidad e Tobago&quot;,
		[&quot;Tunisia&quot;] = &quot;Tunisèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Turchia&quot;] = &quot;Turchèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Turkmenistan&quot;] = &quot;Turkménistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Tuvalu&quot;] = &quot;Tuvalu&quot;,
		[&quot;Ucraina&quot;] = &quot;Ucraina&quot;,
		[&quot;Ungheria&quot;] = &quot;Ungarèja&quot;,
		[&quot;Uruguay&quot;] = &quot;Uruguay&quot;,
		[&quot;Uzbekistan&quot;] = &quot;Uzbékistan&quot;,
		[&quot;Vanuatu&quot;] = &quot;Vanuatu&quot;,
		[&quot;Città del Vaticano&quot;] = &quot;Zitê de' Vaticãn&quot;,
    },

    -- SM = Dialetto sammarinese
    SM = {
		[&quot;abitanti&quot;] = &quot;abitint&quot;,
	    [&quot;altre lingue&quot;] = &quot;élti lèngui&quot;,
		[&quot;capitale&quot;] = &quot;capitèla&quot;,
     	[&quot;capoluogo&quot;] = &quot;chép-lugh&quot;,
		[&quot;confini&quot;] = &quot;cunféin&quot;,
		[&quot;densità&quot;] = &quot;densitè&quot;,
		[&quot;di&quot;] = &quot;'d&quot;,
		[&quot;divisione amministrativa&quot;] = &quot;diviṡiòun aministratéva&quot;,
		[&quot;divisione superiore&quot;] = &quot;diviṡiòun 'd sòra&quot;,
		[&quot;edizione&quot;] = &quot;ediziòuna&quot;,
        [&quot;immagine&quot;] = &quot;imaggna&quot;,
		[&quot;lingue ufficiali&quot;] = &quot;lèngui uficéli&quot;,
        [&quot;morte&quot;] = &quot;morta&quot;,
        [&quot;nascita&quot;] = &quot;nascia&quot;,
        [&quot;nome&quot;] = &quot;nom&quot;,
		[&quot;nome abitanti&quot;] = &quot;nom abitìnt&quot;,
		[&quot;nome ufficiale&quot;] = &quot;nom uficiél&quot;,
        [&quot;pagine&quot;] = &quot;pàggni&quot;,
		[&quot;presidente&quot;] = &quot;presidèint&quot;,
        [&quot;professione&quot;] = &quot;profesiòuna&quot;,
		[&quot;stato&quot;] = &quot;stèd&quot;,
		[&quot;superficie&quot;] = &quot;stoiṡa&quot;,
		[&quot;senza fonte&quot;] = &quot;séinza fònta&quot;,
		[&quot;sito istituzionale&quot;] = &quot;séd istituziunél&quot;,
		[&quot;tipo&quot;] = &quot;tip&quot;,
        [&quot;traduttore&quot;] = &quot;tradutór&quot;,
        [&quot;volume&quot;] = &quot;vulóm&quot;,

        -- Mesi dell'anno
        [&quot;gennaio&quot;] = &quot;sgner&quot;,
        [&quot;febbraio&quot;] = &quot;fibrer&quot;,
        [&quot;marzo&quot;] = &quot;merz&quot;,
        [&quot;aprile&quot;] = &quot;avril&quot;,
        [&quot;maggio&quot;] = &quot;magg&quot;,
        [&quot;giugno&quot;] = &quot;giogn&quot;,
        [&quot;luglio&quot;] = &quot;loj&quot;,
        [&quot;agosto&quot;] = &quot;agost&quot;,
        [&quot;settembre&quot;] = &quot;sitembri&quot;,
        [&quot;ottobre&quot;] = &quot;utobri&quot;,
        [&quot;novembre&quot;] = &quot;nuvembri&quot;,
        [&quot;dicembre&quot;] = &quot;dicembri&quot;,

		-- Stati del mondo
        [&quot;Italia&quot;] = &quot;Italia&quot;,
        [&quot;Russia&quot;] = &quot;Rósia&quot;,
		[&quot;San Marino&quot;] = &quot;San Marèin&quot;,
    },
}

-- Sigle che utilizzano lo stesso dizionario
local alias = {
    RC = &quot;RO&quot;,
    RZ = &quot;RO&quot;,
}

-- Restituisce la traduzione
function p.traduci(frame)

    local var = frame.args.var
    local italiano = frame.args.italiano

    -- Varietà predefinita
    if not var or var == &quot;&quot; then
        var = &quot;RO&quot;
    end

    -- Se la sigla è un alias, usa il dizionario corrispondente
    if alias[var] then
        var = alias[var]
    end

    -- Se la varietà non esiste, usa RO
    if not dizionari[var] then
        var = &quot;RO&quot;
    end

    -- Cerca la parola nella varietà richiesta
    local traduzione = dizionari[var][italiano]

    -- Se non trovata e la varietà non è RO,
    -- cerca nel dizionario RO
    if not traduzione and var ~= &quot;RO&quot; then
        traduzione = dizionari.RO[italiano]
    end

    -- Se non esiste nemmeno in RO,
    -- restituisce il termine italiano
    if not traduzione then
        traduzione = italiano
    end

    -- Gestione dell'iniziale
    local minuscola = frame.args.minuscola

    if minuscola == &quot;1&quot; then
        return mw.ustring.lower(mw.ustring.sub(traduzione, 1, 1)) ..
               mw.ustring.sub(traduzione, 2)
    end

    return mw.ustring.upper(mw.ustring.sub(traduzione, 1, 1)) ..
           mw.ustring.sub(traduzione, 2)
end

return p</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/rgn/Svizra</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3802669</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305246</id>
      <parentid>7295363</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:20:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Interlingvisto</username>
        <id>2699896</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305246</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="557" sha1="ncga1ny5pt8hhk2gxhuwns7gfqbuns2" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/rgn/Stèd2
 |nom       = Svizra
 |imaggna   = Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg
 |stemma    = Coat of Arms of Switzerland (Pantone).svg
 |capitèla  = 
 |lèngua    = Francés, Italièn, Rumàncc, Tedèsch
 |stoiṡa    = 41 291
 |abitint   = 9 034 088
 |densitè   = 209,9
 |chérta    = Europe-Switzerland.svg
}}
La '''Svizra''' o '''Confederaziòun Elvètga''' l'è un Stéd federèl dl'Europa Centrèla, cumpòsta da 26 Cantun autonomi sa 6 ch'i sò semi-cantun.

[[Category:Wp/rgn]]
[[Category:Wp/rgn/Svizra]]
[[Category:Wp/rgn/Paìṡ_dl'Europa]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Wt/cbk-zam/lema</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3802926</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304970</id>
      <parentid>7300214</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:32:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304970</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7191" sha1="614ymwkdnco73z4yxdbzcinz6s920z7" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Template:Wt/cbk-zam/lema/styles.css&quot; /&gt;
__NOTOC__
&lt;div class=&quot;lema-container&quot;&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;lema-header&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-title&quot;&gt;{{{lema|{{PAGENAME}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-lang&quot;&gt;({{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=name}}{{#if:{{{variante|}}}|&amp;nbsp;- {{{variante}}}|}})&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{#if:{{{imagen|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-image&quot;&gt;[[File:{{{imagen}}}|thumb|{{{leyenda|{{{lema|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}]]&lt;/div&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{contenido|}}}|&lt;!--

ADVANCED MODE: Freeform wikitext

--&gt;{{{contenido}}}|&lt;!-- 

GUIDED MODE: Guided parameters

================= PART OF SPEECH 1 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_1|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_1}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_1|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_1}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_2|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_2|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_2}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_2|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_2}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_2}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_2|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_2}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}
&lt;!--
================= PART OF SPEECH 2 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_2|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 1em;&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso_2}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_pos2_1|{{{definicion_3|}}}}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_1|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_3|}}}}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_1|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_3}}}}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos2_1|{{{asunto_3|}}}}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos2_1|{{{asunto_3}}}}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos2_1|{{{definicion_3}}}}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos2_1|{{{ejemplo_3|}}}}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos2_1|{{{ejemplo_3}}}}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_pos2_2|{{{definicion_4|}}}}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_2|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_4|}}}}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_2|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_4}}}}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos2_2|{{{asunto_4|}}}}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos2_2|{{{asunto_4}}}}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos2_2|{{{definicion_4}}}}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos2_2|{{{ejemplo_4|}}}}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos2_2|{{{ejemplo_4}}}}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}
&lt;!--
================= PART OF SPEECH 3 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_3|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 1em;&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso_3}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_pos3_1|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_1|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_1}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos3_1|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos3_1}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos3_1}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos3_1|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos3_1}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_pos3_2|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_2|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_2}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos3_2|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos3_2}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos3_2}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos3_2|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos3_2}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--

================= ALTERNATIVE SPELLINGS =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{otro_ortografia|}}}{{{ortografia_antiguo|}}}|
== Maga otro ortografia ==
{{#if:{{{otro_ortografia|}}}|* '''Variacion:''' {{{otro_ortografia}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{ortografia_antiguo|}}}|* '''Ortografia antiguo:''' {{{ortografia_antiguo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
&lt;!-- 
================= PRONUNCIATION =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{acento|}}}{{{silabificacion|}}}{{{audio|}}}{{{ipa|}}}{{{rima|}}}|
== Pronunciacion ==
{{#if:{{{acento|}}}|* '''Acento:''' {{{acento}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{silabificacion|}}}|* {{{silabificacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{rima|}}}|* {{Wt/cbk-zam/rima|{{{rima}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|Chavacano}}}|sil={{cbk-sil|{{{silabificacion}}}|count=true}}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{ipa|}}}|* '''IPA:''' {{{ipa}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{audio|}}}|* '''Audio:''' [[File:{{{audio}}}]]}}
}}
&lt;!--
================= GRAMMAR =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{sinonimo|}}}{{{antonimo|}}}{{{infleccion|}}}{{{reduplicacion|}}}{{{colocacion|}}}{{{falso_amigo|}}}|
== Gramatica ==
{{#if:{{{sinonimo|}}}|* '''Maga sinonimo:''' {{{sinonimo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{antonimo|}}}|* '''Maga antonimo:''' {{{antonimo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{infleccion|}}}|* '''Infleccion:''' {{{infleccion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{reduplicacion|}}}|* '''Reduplicacion:''' {{{reduplicacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{colocacion|}}}|* '''Colocacion:''' {{{colocacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{falso_amigo|}}}|* '''Falso amigo:''' {{{falso_amigo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
&lt;!--
================= HISTORY =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{etimologia|}}}{{{cognado|}}}|
== Historia ==
{{#if:{{{etimologia|}}}|* '''Etimologia:''' {{{etimologia}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{cognado|}}}|* '''Cognado:''' {{{cognado}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
}}
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||&lt;!-- Direct Auto-Categorization --&gt;
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga pagina que usa el plantilla lema]]
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_2|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso_2}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso_2}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_3|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso_3}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso_3}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{asunto|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=code}}:{{{asunto}}}]]}}
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <parentid>7304970</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:34:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304975</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7202" sha1="6shpek9a3pwdf8s0atxqv6wr4nm7bsl" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Template:Wt/cbk-zam/lema/styles.css&quot; /&gt;
__NOTOC__
&lt;div class=&quot;lema-container&quot;&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;lema-header&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-title&quot;&gt;{{{lema|{{PAGENAME}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-lang&quot;&gt;({{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=name}}{{#if:{{{variante|}}}|&amp;nbsp;- {{{variante}}}|}})&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{#if:{{{imagen|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-image&quot;&gt;[[File:{{{imagen}}}|thumb|{{{leyenda|{{{lema|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}]]&lt;/div&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{contenido|}}}|&lt;!--

ADVANCED MODE: Freeform wikitext

--&gt;{{{contenido}}}|&lt;!-- 

GUIDED MODE: Guided parameters

================= PART OF SPEECH 1 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_1|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_1}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_1|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_1}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_2|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_2|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_2}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_2|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_2}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_2}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_2|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_2}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}
&lt;!--
================= PART OF SPEECH 2 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_2|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 1em;&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso_2}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_pos2_1|{{{definicion_3|}}}}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_1|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_3|}}}}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_1|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_3}}}}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos2_1|{{{asunto_3|}}}}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos2_1|{{{asunto_3}}}}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos2_1|{{{definicion_3}}}}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos2_1|{{{ejemplo_3|}}}}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos2_1|{{{ejemplo_3}}}}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_pos2_2|{{{definicion_4|}}}}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_2|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_4|}}}}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_2|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_4}}}}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos2_2|{{{asunto_4|}}}}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos2_2|{{{asunto_4}}}}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos2_2|{{{definicion_4}}}}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos2_2|{{{ejemplo_4|}}}}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos2_2|{{{ejemplo_4}}}}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}
&lt;!--
================= PART OF SPEECH 3 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_3|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 1em;&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso_3}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_pos3_1|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_1|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_1}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos3_1|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos3_1}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos3_1}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos3_1|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos3_1}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_pos3_2|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_2|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_2}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos3_2|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos3_2}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos3_2}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos3_2|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos3_2}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--

================= ALTERNATIVE SPELLINGS =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{otro_ortografia|}}}{{{ortografia_antiguo|}}}|
== Maga otro ortografia ==
{{#if:{{{otro_ortografia|}}}|* '''Variacion:''' {{{otro_ortografia}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{ortografia_antiguo|}}}|* '''Ortografia antiguo:''' {{{ortografia_antiguo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
&lt;!-- 
================= PRONUNCIATION =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{acento|}}}{{{silabificacion|}}}{{{audio|}}}{{{ipa|}}}{{{rima|}}}|
== Pronunciacion ==
{{#if:{{{acento|}}}|* '''Acento:''' {{{acento}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{silabificacion|}}}|* {{{silabificacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{rima|}}}|* {{Wt/cbk-zam/rima|{{{rima}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|Chavacano}}}|sil={{Wt/cbk-zam/cbk-sil|{{{silabificacion}}}|count=true}}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{ipa|}}}|* '''IPA:''' {{{ipa}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{audio|}}}|* '''Audio:''' [[File:{{{audio}}}]]}}
}}
&lt;!--
================= GRAMMAR =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{sinonimo|}}}{{{antonimo|}}}{{{infleccion|}}}{{{reduplicacion|}}}{{{colocacion|}}}{{{falso_amigo|}}}|
== Gramatica ==
{{#if:{{{sinonimo|}}}|* '''Maga sinonimo:''' {{{sinonimo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{antonimo|}}}|* '''Maga antonimo:''' {{{antonimo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{infleccion|}}}|* '''Infleccion:''' {{{infleccion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{reduplicacion|}}}|* '''Reduplicacion:''' {{{reduplicacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{colocacion|}}}|* '''Colocacion:''' {{{colocacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{falso_amigo|}}}|* '''Falso amigo:''' {{{falso_amigo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
&lt;!--
================= HISTORY =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{etimologia|}}}{{{cognado|}}}|
== Historia ==
{{#if:{{{etimologia|}}}|* '''Etimologia:''' {{{etimologia}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{cognado|}}}|* '''Cognado:''' {{{cognado}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
}}
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||&lt;!-- Direct Auto-Categorization --&gt;
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga pagina que usa el plantilla lema]]
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_2|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso_2}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso_2}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_3|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso_3}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso_3}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{asunto|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=code}}:{{{asunto}}}]]}}
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>6shpek9a3pwdf8s0atxqv6wr4nm7bsl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304990</id>
      <parentid>7304975</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:49:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304990</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7201" sha1="5ufxuh3lf9a1hgr8smpy3fq6jcl0yrl" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Template:Wt/cbk-zam/lema/styles.css&quot; /&gt;
__NOTOC__
&lt;div class=&quot;lema-container&quot;&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;lema-header&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-title&quot;&gt;{{{lema|{{PAGENAME}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-lang&quot;&gt;({{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=name}}{{#if:{{{variante|}}}|&amp;nbsp;- {{{variante}}}|}})&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{#if:{{{imagen|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-image&quot;&gt;[[File:{{{imagen}}}|thumb|{{{leyenda|{{{lema|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}]]&lt;/div&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{contenido|}}}|&lt;!--

ADVANCED MODE: Freeform wikitext

--&gt;{{{contenido}}}|&lt;!-- 

GUIDED MODE: Guided parameters

================= PART OF SPEECH 1 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_1|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_1}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_1|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_1}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_2|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_2|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_2}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_2|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_2}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_2}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_2|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_2}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}
&lt;!--
================= PART OF SPEECH 2 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_2|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 1em;&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso_2}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_pos2_1|{{{definicion_3|}}}}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_1|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_3|}}}}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_1|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_3}}}}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos2_1|{{{asunto_3|}}}}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos2_1|{{{asunto_3}}}}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos2_1|{{{definicion_3}}}}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos2_1|{{{ejemplo_3|}}}}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos2_1|{{{ejemplo_3}}}}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_pos2_2|{{{definicion_4|}}}}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_2|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_4|}}}}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_2|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_4}}}}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos2_2|{{{asunto_4|}}}}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos2_2|{{{asunto_4}}}}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos2_2|{{{definicion_4}}}}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos2_2|{{{ejemplo_4|}}}}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos2_2|{{{ejemplo_4}}}}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}
&lt;!--
================= PART OF SPEECH 3 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_3|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 1em;&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso_3}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_pos3_1|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_1|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_1}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos3_1|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos3_1}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos3_1}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos3_1|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos3_1}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_pos3_2|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_2|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_2}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos3_2|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos3_2}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos3_2}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos3_2|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos3_2}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--

================= ALTERNATIVE SPELLINGS =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{otro_ortografia|}}}{{{ortografia_antiguo|}}}|
== Maga otro ortografia ==
{{#if:{{{otro_ortografia|}}}|* '''Variacion:''' {{{otro_ortografia}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{ortografia_antiguo|}}}|* '''Ortografia antiguo:''' {{{ortografia_antiguo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
&lt;!-- 
================= PRONUNCIATION =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{acento|}}}{{{silabificacion|}}}{{{audio|}}}{{{ipa|}}}{{{rima|}}}|
== Pronunciacion ==
{{#if:{{{acento|}}}|* '''Acento:''' {{{acento}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{silabificacion|}}}|* {{{silabificacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{rima|}}}|* {{Wt/cbk-zam/rima|{{{rima}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|Chavacano}}}|sil={{Wt/cbk-zam/cbk-sil|{{{silabificacion}}}|count=yes}}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{ipa|}}}|* '''IPA:''' {{{ipa}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{audio|}}}|* '''Audio:''' [[File:{{{audio}}}]]}}
}}
&lt;!--
================= GRAMMAR =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{sinonimo|}}}{{{antonimo|}}}{{{infleccion|}}}{{{reduplicacion|}}}{{{colocacion|}}}{{{falso_amigo|}}}|
== Gramatica ==
{{#if:{{{sinonimo|}}}|* '''Maga sinonimo:''' {{{sinonimo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{antonimo|}}}|* '''Maga antonimo:''' {{{antonimo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{infleccion|}}}|* '''Infleccion:''' {{{infleccion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{reduplicacion|}}}|* '''Reduplicacion:''' {{{reduplicacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{colocacion|}}}|* '''Colocacion:''' {{{colocacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{falso_amigo|}}}|* '''Falso amigo:''' {{{falso_amigo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
&lt;!--
================= HISTORY =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{etimologia|}}}{{{cognado|}}}|
== Historia ==
{{#if:{{{etimologia|}}}|* '''Etimologia:''' {{{etimologia}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{cognado|}}}|* '''Cognado:''' {{{cognado}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
}}
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||&lt;!-- Direct Auto-Categorization --&gt;
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga pagina que usa el plantilla lema]]
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_2|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso_2}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso_2}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_3|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso_3}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso_3}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{asunto|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=code}}:{{{asunto}}}]]}}
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>5ufxuh3lf9a1hgr8smpy3fq6jcl0yrl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305003</id>
      <parentid>7304990</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:01:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305003</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7240" sha1="6077kceb3psed3ycfdn9lvuayrwzgw6" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Template:Wt/cbk-zam/lema/styles.css&quot; /&gt;
__NOTOC__
&lt;div class=&quot;lema-container&quot;&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;lema-header&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-title&quot;&gt;{{{lema|{{PAGENAME}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-lang&quot;&gt;({{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=name}}{{#if:{{{variante|}}}|&amp;nbsp;- {{{variante}}}|}})&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{#if:{{{imagen|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-image&quot;&gt;[[File:{{{imagen}}}|thumb|{{{leyenda|{{{lema|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}]]&lt;/div&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{contenido|}}}|&lt;!--

ADVANCED MODE: Freeform wikitext

--&gt;{{{contenido}}}|&lt;!-- 

GUIDED MODE: Guided parameters

================= PART OF SPEECH 1 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_1|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_1}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_1|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_1}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_2|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_2|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_2}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_2|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_2}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_2}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_2|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_2}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}
&lt;!--
================= PART OF SPEECH 2 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_2|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 1em;&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso_2}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_pos2_1|{{{definicion_3|}}}}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_1|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_3|}}}}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_1|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_3}}}}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos2_1|{{{asunto_3|}}}}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos2_1|{{{asunto_3}}}}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos2_1|{{{definicion_3}}}}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos2_1|{{{ejemplo_3|}}}}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos2_1|{{{ejemplo_3}}}}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_pos2_2|{{{definicion_4|}}}}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_2|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_4|}}}}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_2|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_4}}}}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos2_2|{{{asunto_4|}}}}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos2_2|{{{asunto_4}}}}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos2_2|{{{definicion_4}}}}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos2_2|{{{ejemplo_4|}}}}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos2_2|{{{ejemplo_4}}}}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}
&lt;!--
================= PART OF SPEECH 3 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_3|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 1em;&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso_3}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_pos3_1|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_1|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_1}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos3_1|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos3_1}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos3_1}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos3_1|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos3_1}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_pos3_2|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_2|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_2}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos3_2|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos3_2}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos3_2}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos3_2|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos3_2}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--

================= ALTERNATIVE SPELLINGS =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{otro_ortografia|}}}{{{ortografia_antiguo|}}}|
== Maga otro ortografia ==
{{#if:{{{otro_ortografia|}}}|* '''Variacion:''' {{{otro_ortografia}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{ortografia_antiguo|}}}|* '''Ortografia antiguo:''' {{{ortografia_antiguo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
&lt;!-- 
================= PRONUNCIATION =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{acento|}}}{{{silabificacion|}}}{{{audio|}}}{{{ipa|}}}{{{rima|}}}|
== Pronunciacion ==
{{#if:{{{acento|}}}|* '''Acento:''' {{{acento}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{silabificacion|}}}|* {{{silabificacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{rima|}}}|* {{{rima}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{ipa|}}}|* '''IPA:''' {{{ipa}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{audio|}}}|* '''Audio:''' [[File:{{{audio}}}]]}}
}}
&lt;!--
================= GRAMMAR =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{sinonimo|}}}{{{antonimo|}}}{{{infleccion|}}}{{{reduplicacion|}}}{{{colocacion|}}}{{{falso_amigo|}}}|
== Gramatica ==
{{#if:{{{sinonimo|}}}|* '''Maga sinonimo:''' {{{sinonimo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{antonimo|}}}|* '''Maga antonimo:''' {{{antonimo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{infleccion|}}}|* '''Infleccion:''' {{{infleccion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{reduplicacion|}}}|* '''Reduplicacion:''' {{{reduplicacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{colocacion|}}}|* '''Colocacion:''' {{{colocacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{falso_amigo|}}}|* '''Falso amigo:''' {{{falso_amigo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
&lt;!--
================= HISTORY =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{etimologia|}}}{{{cognado|}}}|
== Historia ==
{{#if:{{{etimologia|}}}|* '''Etimologia:''' {{{etimologia}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{cognado|}}}|* '''Cognado:''' {{{cognado}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
}}
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||&lt;!-- Direct Auto-Categorization --&gt;
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga pagina que usa el plantilla lema]]
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_2|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso_2}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso_2}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_3|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso_3}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso_3}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{rima|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/rima|{{{rima}}}|cat=yes|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|Chavacano}}}|sil={{Wt/cbk-zam/cbk-sil|{{{silabificacion}}}|count=yes}}}}}}
{{#if:{{{asunto|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=code}}:{{{asunto}}}]]}}
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>6077kceb3psed3ycfdn9lvuayrwzgw6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305022</id>
      <parentid>7305003</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:25:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305022</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7089" sha1="subjdxvgqe9inkivc2dcm69a07npta4" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Template:Wt/cbk-zam/lema/styles.css&quot; /&gt;
__NOTOC__
&lt;div class=&quot;lema-container&quot;&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;lema-header&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-title&quot;&gt;{{{lema|{{PAGENAME}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-lang&quot;&gt;({{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=name}}{{#if:{{{variante|}}}|&amp;nbsp;- {{{variante}}}|}})&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{#if:{{{imagen|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-image&quot;&gt;[[File:{{{imagen}}}|thumb|{{{leyenda|{{{lema|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}]]&lt;/div&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{contenido|}}}|&lt;!--

ADVANCED MODE: Freeform wikitext

--&gt;{{{contenido}}}|&lt;!-- 

GUIDED MODE: Guided parameters

================= PART OF SPEECH 1 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_1|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_1}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_1|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_1}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_2|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_2|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_2}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_2|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_2}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_2}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_2|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_2}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}
&lt;!--
================= PART OF SPEECH 2 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_2|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 1em;&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso_2}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_pos2_1|{{{definicion_3|}}}}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_1|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_3|}}}}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_1|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_3}}}}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos2_1|{{{asunto_3|}}}}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos2_1|{{{asunto_3}}}}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos2_1|{{{definicion_3}}}}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos2_1|{{{ejemplo_3|}}}}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos2_1|{{{ejemplo_3}}}}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_pos2_2|{{{definicion_4|}}}}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_2|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_4|}}}}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_2|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_4}}}}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos2_2|{{{asunto_4|}}}}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos2_2|{{{asunto_4}}}}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos2_2|{{{definicion_4}}}}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos2_2|{{{ejemplo_4|}}}}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos2_2|{{{ejemplo_4}}}}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}
&lt;!--
================= PART OF SPEECH 3 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_3|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 1em;&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso_3}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_pos3_1|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_1|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_1}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos3_1|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos3_1}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos3_1}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos3_1|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos3_1}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_pos3_2|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_2|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_2}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos3_2|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos3_2}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos3_2}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos3_2|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos3_2}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--

================= ALTERNATIVE SPELLINGS =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{otro_ortografia|}}}{{{ortografia_antiguo|}}}|
== Maga otro ortografia ==
{{#if:{{{otro_ortografia|}}}|* '''Variacion:''' {{{otro_ortografia}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{ortografia_antiguo|}}}|* '''Ortografia antiguo:''' {{{ortografia_antiguo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
&lt;!-- 
================= PRONUNCIATION =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{acento|}}}{{{silabificacion|}}}{{{audio|}}}{{{ipa|}}}{{{rima|}}}|
== Pronunciacion ==
{{#if:{{{acento|}}}|* '''Acento:''' {{{acento}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{silabificacion|}}}|* {{{silabificacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{rima|}}}|* {{{rima}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{ipa|}}}|* '''IPA:''' {{{ipa}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{audio|}}}|* '''Audio:''' [[File:{{{audio}}}]]}}
}}
&lt;!--
================= GRAMMAR =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{sinonimo|}}}{{{antonimo|}}}{{{infleccion|}}}{{{reduplicacion|}}}{{{colocacion|}}}{{{falso_amigo|}}}|
== Gramatica ==
{{#if:{{{sinonimo|}}}|* '''Maga sinonimo:''' {{{sinonimo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{antonimo|}}}|* '''Maga antonimo:''' {{{antonimo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{infleccion|}}}|* '''Infleccion:''' {{{infleccion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{reduplicacion|}}}|* '''Reduplicacion:''' {{{reduplicacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{colocacion|}}}|* '''Colocacion:''' {{{colocacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{falso_amigo|}}}|* '''Falso amigo:''' {{{falso_amigo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
&lt;!--
================= HISTORY =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{etimologia|}}}{{{cognado|}}}|
== Historia ==
{{#if:{{{etimologia|}}}|* '''Etimologia:''' {{{etimologia}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{cognado|}}}|* '''Cognado:''' {{{cognado}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
}}
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||&lt;!-- Direct Auto-Categorization --&gt;
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga pagina que usa el plantilla lema]]
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_2|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso_2}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso_2}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_3|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso_3}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso_3}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{asunto|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=code}}:{{{asunto}}}]]}}
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>subjdxvgqe9inkivc2dcm69a07npta4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305076</id>
      <parentid>7305022</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:00:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305076</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7102" sha1="cndewbhod7hjbfjj6m8t9v54pbshtvf" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Template:Wt/cbk-zam/lema/styles.css&quot; /&gt;
__NOTOC__
&lt;div class=&quot;lema-container&quot;&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;lema-header&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-title&quot;&gt;{{{lema|{{PAGENAME}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-lang&quot;&gt;({{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=name}}{{#if:{{{variante|}}}|&amp;nbsp;- {{{variante}}}|}})&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{#if:{{{imagen|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-image&quot;&gt;[[File:{{{imagen}}}|thumb|{{{leyenda|{{{lema|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}]]&lt;/div&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{contenido|}}}|&lt;!--

ADVANCED MODE: Freeform wikitext

--&gt;{{{contenido}}}|&lt;!-- 

GUIDED MODE: Guided parameters

================= PART OF SPEECH 1 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_1|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_1}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_1|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_1}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_2|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_2|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_2}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_2|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_2}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_2}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_2|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_2}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}
&lt;!--
================= PART OF SPEECH 2 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_2|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 1em;&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso_2}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_pos2_1|{{{definicion_3|}}}}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_1|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_3|}}}}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_1|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_3}}}}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos2_1|{{{asunto_3|}}}}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos2_1|{{{asunto_3}}}}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos2_1|{{{definicion_3}}}}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos2_1|{{{ejemplo_3|}}}}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos2_1|{{{ejemplo_3}}}}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_pos2_2|{{{definicion_4|}}}}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_2|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_4|}}}}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_2|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_4}}}}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos2_2|{{{asunto_4|}}}}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos2_2|{{{asunto_4}}}}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos2_2|{{{definicion_4}}}}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos2_2|{{{ejemplo_4|}}}}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos2_2|{{{ejemplo_4}}}}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}
&lt;!--
================= PART OF SPEECH 3 =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_3|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;lema-pos&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 1em;&quot;&gt;{{{parte_de_discurso_3}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}{{#if:{{{definicion_pos3_1|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_1|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_1}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos3_1|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos3_1}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos3_1}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos3_1|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos3_1}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{definicion_pos3_2|}}}|
# {{#if:{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_2|}}}|{{Wt/cbk-zam/etiqueta|{{{etiqueta_de_uso_pos3_2}}}|lenguaje={{{lenguaje|cbk}}}}}&amp;nbsp;|}}{{#if:{{{asunto_pos3_2|}}}|&lt;span class=&quot;lema-subject&quot;&gt;[{{{asunto_pos3_2}}}]&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;|}}{{{definicion_pos3_2}}}
{{#if:{{{ejemplo_pos3_2|}}}|#: &lt;span class=&quot;lema-example&quot;&gt;''{{{ejemplo_pos3_2}}}''&lt;/span&gt;}}}}&lt;!--

================= ALTERNATIVE SPELLINGS =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{otro_ortografia|}}}{{{ortografia_antiguo|}}}|
== Maga otro ortografia ==
{{#if:{{{otro_ortografia|}}}|* '''Variacion:''' {{{otro_ortografia}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{ortografia_antiguo|}}}|* '''Ortografia antiguo:''' {{{ortografia_antiguo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
&lt;!-- 
================= PRONUNCIATION =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{acento|}}}{{{silabificacion|}}}{{{audio|}}}{{{ipa|}}}{{{rima|}}}|
== Pronunciacion ==
{{#if:{{{acento|}}}|* '''Acento:''' {{{acento}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{silabificacion|}}}|* {{{silabificacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{rima|}}}|* {{{rima}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{ipa|}}}|* '''IPA:''' {{{ipa}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{audio|}}}|* '''Audio:''' [[File:{{{audio}}}]]}}
}}
&lt;!--
================= GRAMMAR =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{sinonimo|}}}{{{antonimo|}}}{{{infleccion|}}}{{{reduplicacion|}}}{{{colocacion|}}}{{{falso_amigo|}}}|
== Gramatica ==
{{#if:{{{sinonimo|}}}|* '''Maga sinonimo:''' {{{sinonimo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{antonimo|}}}|* '''Maga antonimo:''' {{{antonimo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{infleccion|}}}|* '''Infleccion:''' {{{infleccion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{reduplicacion|}}}|* '''Reduplicacion:''' {{{reduplicacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{colocacion|}}}|* '''Colocacion:''' {{{colocacion}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{falso_amigo|}}}|* '''Falso amigo:''' {{{falso_amigo}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
&lt;!--
================= HISTORY =================
--&gt;{{#if:{{{etimologia|}}}{{{cognado|}}}|
== Historia ==
{{#if:{{{etimologia|}}}|* '''Etimologia:''' {{{etimologia}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
{{#if:{{{cognado|}}}|* '''Cognado:''' {{{cognado}}}&lt;br&gt;}}
}}
}}
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||&lt;!-- Direct Auto-Categorization --&gt;
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga pagina que usa el plantilla lema]]
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga lema na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_2|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso_2}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso_2}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{parte_de_discurso_3|}}}|
  {{#switch: {{lc:{{{parte_de_discurso_3}}}}}
    | sustantivo = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | verbo      = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga verbos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | adjetivo   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga adjetivos na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
    | #default   = [[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga {{{parte_de_discurso_3}}} na {{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}]]
  }}
}}
{{#if:{{{asunto|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=code}}:{{{asunto}}}]]}}
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>cndewbhod7hjbfjj6m8t9v54pbshtvf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Wt/cbk-zam/lema/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3802928</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305078</id>
      <parentid>7302781</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T19:02:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305078</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12425" sha1="aolarbyslf1ofo58w5g980f5maqh8af" xml:space="preserve">&lt;!-- EL MAGA CATEGORIA Y INTERWIKI DEBE QUEDA NA ACABADA DEL PAGINA --&gt;
Este plantilla amo el base principal para crea y presenta con maga entrada na Wikcionario de Chavacano. Ta soporta este maga modo como modo guiao (usando parametros) y modo avanzao (usando wikitexto libre).

== Uso general ==

=== Ejemplo basico (Modo guiado) ===
Para na mayoria del maga entrada, puede usa este codigo basico:

&lt;pre&gt;
{{lema
| lenguaje = cbk
| parte_de_discurso = Sustantivo
| definicion_1 = Quiere-quiere ele come manzanas.
| ejemplo_1 = Ya come ele un manzanas.
}}
&lt;/pre&gt;

=== Ejemplo completo con varios partes de discurso ===
&lt;pre&gt;
{{lema
| lema = manzanas
| lenguaje = cbk
| variante = Chavacano de Zamboanga
| imagen = Red Apple.jpg
| leyenda = Un manzanas colorao
| parte_de_discurso = Sustantivo
| etiqueta_de_uso = Comun
| asunto = Botanica
| definicion_1 = Fruta comestible del manzanas.
| ejemplo_1 = Delicioso el manzanas colorao.
| acento = manzánas
| silabificacion = {{silabificacion|man|za|na}}
| ipa = /manˈsana/
| sinonimo = [[manzanas]]
| etimologia = Del español ''manzanas''.
}}
&lt;/pre&gt;

== Maga parametro ==

=== Maga parametro general ===
* &lt;code&gt;lema&lt;/code&gt;: El palabra principal. Si ya deja blanco, ta usa este automaticamente con el nombre del pagina (`{{PAGENAME}}`).
* &lt;code&gt;lenguaje&lt;/code&gt;: El codigo ISO 639 (ej. `cbk`, `en`, `es`, `tl`) o el nombre del lenguaje na Chavacano o Ingles. Default el `cbk` (Chavacano).
* &lt;code&gt;variante&lt;/code&gt;: El variante dialectal del palabra (ej. `Chavacano de Zamboanga`, `Chavacano de Cavite`).
* &lt;code&gt;imagen&lt;/code&gt;: Nombre del archivo de imagen na Wikimedia Commons (ej. `Ejemplo.jpg`).
* &lt;code&gt;leyenda&lt;/code&gt;: Texto explicativo para na retrato.
* &lt;code&gt;contenido&lt;/code&gt;: Para na modo avanzao. Si tiene valor este parametro, ta ignora el plantilla con maga definicion guiao y ta dale mira directada con el contenido en wikitexto libre.

=== Parte de discurso 1 ===
* &lt;code&gt;parte_de_discurso&lt;/code&gt;: El funcion gramatical del palabra (`Sustantivo`, `Verbo`, `Adjetivo`, `Adverbio`, `Prefijo`, `Sufijo`, etc.).
* &lt;code&gt;etiqueta_de_uso&lt;/code&gt;: Registro o tipo de uso (`Comun`, `Informal`, `Antiguo`, `Vulgar`, etc.).
* &lt;code&gt;asunto&lt;/code&gt;: Campo o material especializada (`Medicina`, `Botanica`, `Derecho`, etc.).
* &lt;code&gt;definicion_1&lt;/code&gt;: Primer significacion o explicacion del palabra.
* &lt;code&gt;ejemplo_1&lt;/code&gt;: Oracion o frase de ejemplo para el primer definicion.
* &lt;code&gt;definicion_2&lt;/code&gt;: Segundo significacion bajo el primer parte de discurso.
* &lt;code&gt;ejemplo_2&lt;/code&gt;: Ejemplo para el segundo definicion.

=== Parte de discurso 2 y 3 (Opcional) ===
Si el palabra tiene mas de un parte de discurso (por ejemplo, si un palabra es sustantivo y adjetivo al mismo tiempo):
* &lt;code&gt;parte_de_discurso_2&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;definicion_pos2_1&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ejemplo_pos2_1&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;definicion_pos2_2&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ejemplo_pos2_2&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;parte_de_discurso_3&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;definicion_pos3_1&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ejemplo_pos3_1&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;definicion_pos3_2&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;ejemplo_pos3_2&lt;/code&gt;

=== Pronunciacion ===
* &lt;code&gt;acento&lt;/code&gt;: El lema con tilde o acento grafico para indica el acento vocalico (ej. `manzánas`).
* &lt;code&gt;silabificacion&lt;/code&gt;: Separacion por silabas (ej. `&lt;nowiki&gt;{{cbk-sil|cha|va|ca|no}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;`).
* &lt;code&gt;ipa&lt;/code&gt;: Transcripcion alfabetica fonetica internacional (ej. `/manˈsana/`).
* &lt;code&gt;audio&lt;/code&gt;: Nombre del archivo de audio na Wikimedia Commons (ej. `Cbk-manzana.ogg`).

=== Gramatica ===
* &lt;code&gt;sinonimo&lt;/code&gt;: Maga palabra con el mismo significacion.
* &lt;code&gt;antonimo&lt;/code&gt;: Maga palabra con significacion baliskat.
* &lt;code&gt;infleccion&lt;/code&gt;: Maga forma inflectao (plurales, conjugaciones).
* &lt;code&gt;reduplicacion&lt;/code&gt;: Forma reduplicada del palabra (ej. `casa-casa`).
* &lt;code&gt;colocacion&lt;/code&gt;: Maga combinacion frecuente de palabras.
* &lt;code&gt;falso_amigo&lt;/code&gt;: Palabra del otro lenguaje pero otro el significacion.
=== Historia ===
* &lt;code&gt;etimologia&lt;/code&gt;: Origen y evolucion del palabra.
* &lt;code&gt;cognado&lt;/code&gt;: Maga palabra estaba na otro maga lenguaje.

== Maga categoria automatica ==
Este plantilla ta agrega automaticamente con el pagina na maga siguiente categoria:
* `[[:Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga pagina que usa el plantilla lema]]`
* Categoria por lenguaje (ej. `[[:Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga lema na Chavacano]]`)
* Categoria por parte de discurso (ej. `[[:Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga sustantivos na Chavacano]]`)
* Categoria por asunto, si especificado (ej. `[[:Category:Wt/cbk-zam/cbk:Botanica]]`)

&lt;includeonly&gt;
&lt;!-- Maga categoria para el plantilla lema --&gt;
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Maga plantilla del Wiktionary]]
&lt;/includeonly&gt;

== TemplateData ==
&lt;templatedata&gt;
{
	&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Plantilla principal y marco visual para entrada na Chavacano Wiktionary.&quot;,
	&quot;params&quot;: {
		&quot;lema&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Lema / Palabra&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;required&quot;: false,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;El palabra principal. Si dejado en blanco, usa el nombre del pagina.&quot;
		},
		&quot;lenguaje&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Lenguaje&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: true,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;Chavacano&quot;,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;El lenguaje del palabra (ej. Chavacano, Español, Tagalog, Ingles).&quot;
		},
		&quot;variante&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Variante del lenguaje&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: true,
			&quot;default&quot;: &quot;Zamboangueño&quot;
		},
		&quot;imagen&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Imagen / Ilustracion&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;wiki-file-name&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Nombre del archivo de imagen na Wikimedia Commons (ej. Ejemplo.jpg).&quot;
		},
		&quot;leyenda&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Leyenda del imagen&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Texto descriptivo para el imagen.&quot;
		},
		&quot;contenido&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Contenido libre (Modo avanzado)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;content&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Para usuarios avanzados: usa codigo wikitexto directo y plantillas auxiliares na lugar de parametros guiados.&quot;
		},
		&quot;parte_de_discurso&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Parte de discurso 1&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: true,
			&quot;suggestedvalues&quot;: [
				&quot;Sustantivo&quot;,
				&quot;Verbo&quot;,
				&quot;Adjetivo&quot;,
				&quot;Adverbio&quot;,
				&quot;Pronombre&quot;,
				&quot;Preposicion&quot;,
				&quot;Conjuncion&quot;,
				&quot;Interjeccion&quot;,
				&quot;Prefijo&quot;,
				&quot;Sufijo&quot;,
				&quot;Circumfijo&quot;,
				&quot;Afijo&quot;
			]
		},
		&quot;etiqueta_de_uso&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Etiqueta de uso 1&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Clasificacion social, regional o formal del primer definicion.&quot;,
			&quot;suggestedvalues&quot;: [
				&quot;Comun&quot;,
				&quot;Antiguo&quot;,
				&quot;Hende usao&quot;,
				&quot;Regional&quot;,
				&quot;Variacion regional&quot;,
				&quot;Jerga&quot;,
				&quot;Formal&quot;,
				&quot;Informal&quot;,
				&quot;Coloquial&quot;,
				&quot;Dialectal&quot;,
				&quot;Derogatorio&quot;,
				&quot;Pejorativo&quot;,
				&quot;Hende na estandar&quot;,
				&quot;Ofensivo&quot;,
				&quot;Vulgar&quot;,
				&quot;Bastos&quot;
			]
		},
		&quot;asunto&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Asunto 1&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Campo o materia especializada (ej. Medicina, Botanica).&quot;
		},
		&quot;definicion_1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Primer definicion (PoS 1)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;content&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: true,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;El primer significacion del palabra.&quot;
		},
		&quot;ejemplo_1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Ejemplo 1 (PoS 1)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;content&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: true
		},
		&quot;etiqueta_de_uso_2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Etiqueta de uso 2&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false
		},
		&quot;asunto_2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Asunto 2&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false
		},
		&quot;definicion_2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Segundo definicion (PoS 1)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;content&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false
		},
		&quot;ejemplo_2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Ejemplo 2 (PoS 1)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;content&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false
		},
		&quot;parte_de_discurso_2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Parte de discurso 2&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false,
			&quot;description&quot;: &quot;Segundo parte de discurso si el palabra tiene mas de un funcion (ej. Verbo).&quot;,
			&quot;suggestedvalues&quot;: [
				&quot;Sustantivo&quot;,
				&quot;Verbo&quot;,
				&quot;Adjetivo&quot;,
				&quot;Adverbio&quot;,
				&quot;Pronombre&quot;,
				&quot;Preposicion&quot;,
				&quot;Conjuncion&quot;,
				&quot;Interjeccion&quot;,
				&quot;Prefijo&quot;,
				&quot;Sufijo&quot;,
				&quot;Circumfijo&quot;,
				&quot;Afijo&quot;
			]
		},
		&quot;etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Etiqueta de uso 1 (PoS 2)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false
		},
		&quot;asunto_pos2_1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Asunto 1 (PoS 2)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false
		},
		&quot;definicion_pos2_1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Primer definicion (PoS 2)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;content&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false
		},
		&quot;ejemplo_pos2_1&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Ejemplo 1 (PoS 2)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;content&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false
		},
		&quot;etiqueta_de_uso_pos2_2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Etiqueta de uso 2 (PoS 2)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false
		},
		&quot;asunto_pos2_2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Asunto 2 (PoS 2)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false
		},
		&quot;definicion_pos2_2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Segundo definicion (PoS 2)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;content&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false
		},
		&quot;ejemplo_pos2_2&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Ejemplo 2 (PoS 2)&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;content&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false
		},
		&quot;parte_de_discurso_3&quot;: {
			&quot;label&quot;: &quot;Parte de discurso 3&quot;,
			&quot;type&quot;: &quot;string&quot;,
			&quot;suggested&quot;: false,
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&lt;span style=&quot;color:var(--color-base, #202122); font-size:250%; font-family:'Linux Libertine', 'Georgia', serif !important; font-variant: small-caps !important; line-height:110%; font-weight: bold;&quot; class=&quot;kop-selametdateng&quot;&gt;U'se ga nako&lt;br/&gt;[[File:Wiktionary-wordmark-bol.svg|180px|link=Wt/bol/Wiktionary:About]] in [[w:bol:Harshe Bole|Bòo Pìkkà]]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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{{Wt/bol/Box
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'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (yazairwe 13 Okwamunaana 1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], omunyishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]] Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Obukugu omu mirimo ==
Okuruga 2010 kuhisya 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omuri 2016. Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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        <id>2655671</id>
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'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa13 Okwamunaana 1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], omunyishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]] Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Obukugu omu mirimo ==
Okuruga 2010 kuhisya 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omuri 2016. Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305015</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
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      <comment>Grammatic change</comment>
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'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana 1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], omunyishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]] Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Obukugu omu mirimo ==
Okuruga 2010 kuhisya 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omuri 2016. Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305017</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
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      <comment>Grammar</comment>
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'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana omu  mwaka gwa1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]], omunyishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]] Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Obukugu omu mirimo ==
Okuruga 2010 kuhisya 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omuri 2016. Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305018</id>
      <parentid>7305017</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:22:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Translation from English to rukiga</comment>
      <origin>7305018</origin>
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'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana omu  mwaka gwa1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]],(Yuganda) omunyishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]] Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Obukugu omu mirimo ==
Okuruga 2010 kuhisya 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omuri 2016. Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305019</id>
      <parentid>7305018</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:24:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Punctuation</comment>
      <origin>7305019</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5203" sha1="ksm7not6rw05kte3snt7dm2djy7ay7f" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q65984578}}
'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana omu  mwaka gwa1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]],(Yuganda) Omuny'eishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]] Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Obukugu omu mirimo ==
Okuruga 2010 kuhisya 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omuri 2016. Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305021</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Translation of English to rukiga</comment>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5212" sha1="1vlopsk9ouh3c42jps07b5bfjaggvpo" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q65984578}}
'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana omu  mwaka gwa1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]],(Yuganda) Omuny'eishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda (Yuganda)nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]] Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Obukugu omu mirimo ==
Okuruga 2010 kuhisya 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omuri 2016. Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305023</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:26:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
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      <comment>Punctuation</comment>
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'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana omu  mwaka gwa1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]],(Yuganda) Omuny'eishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda (Yuganda)nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]]. Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Obukugu omu mirimo ==
Okuruga 2010 kuhisya 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omuri 2016. Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
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      <text bytes="5222" sha1="qglkqm3e7d9cid8ggc14l9urplhg3gp" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q65984578}}
'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana omu  mwaka gwa1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]],(Yuganda) Omuny'eishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda (Yuganda)nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]]. Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda(Yuganda).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Obukugu omu mirimo ==
Okuruga 2010 kuhisya 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omuri 2016. Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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        <id>2655671</id>
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'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana omu  mwaka gwa1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]],(Yuganda) Omuny'eishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda (Yuganda)nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]]. Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda(Yuganda).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Obukugu omu mirimo''' ==
Okuruga 2010 kuhisya 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omuri 2016. Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
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      <comment>Grammar</comment>
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'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana omu  mwaka gwa1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]],(Yuganda) Omuny'eishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda (Yuganda)nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]]. Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda(Yuganda).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Obukugu omu mirimo''' ==
Okuruga  omwaka gwa 2010 kuhisya 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omuri 2016. Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305031</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Grammar</comment>
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'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana omu  mwaka gwa1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]],(Yuganda) Omuny'eishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda (Yuganda)nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]]. Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda(Yuganda).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Obukugu omu mirimo''' ==
Okuruga  omwaka gwa 2010 kuhisya omu mwaka gwa 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omuri 2016. Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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    <revision>
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        <id>2655671</id>
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      <comment>Grammatic change</comment>
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'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana omu  mwaka gwa1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]],(Yuganda) Omuny'eishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda (Yuganda)nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]]. Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda(Yuganda).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Obukugu omu mirimo''' ==
Okuruga  omwaka gwa 2010 kuhisya omu mwaka gwa 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omu mwaka gwa 2016. Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana omu  mwaka gwa1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]],(Yuganda) Omuny'eishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda (Yuganda)nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]]. Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda(Yuganda).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Obukugu omu mirimo''' ==
Okuruga  omwaka gwa 2010 kuhisya omu mwaka gwa 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omu mwaka gwa 2016. Atwakiire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana omu  mwaka gwa1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]],(Yuganda) Omuny'eishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda (Yuganda)nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]]. Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda(Yuganda).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Obukugu omu mirimo''' ==
Okuruga  omwaka gwa 2010 kuhisya omu mwaka gwa 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omu mwaka gwa 2016. Atwakiire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakiire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== Emirimo erikumanywa munonga ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana omu  mwaka gwa1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]],(Yuganda) Omuny'eishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda (Yuganda)nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]]. Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda(Yuganda).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Obukugu omu mirimo''' ==
Okuruga  omwaka gwa 2010 kuhisya omu mwaka gwa 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omu mwaka gwa 2016. Atwakiire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakiire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== '''Emirimo erikumanywa munonga''' ==
Ndamira Atwakire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
      <sha1>py4bpty5o7xjdxwzw1cigbwws9vyf1n</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305043</id>
      <parentid>7305042</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:35:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marion Tumwakiire</username>
        <id>2655671</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Spelling correction</comment>
      <origin>7305043</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5271" sha1="sui7rrusdony9y5zta8k4vau8cldni7" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/nyn/Databox|item=Q65984578}}
'''Ndamira Catherine Atwakiire''' (akazarwa ebiro 13 Okwamunaana omu  mwaka gwa1977) n'omubazi w'ebitabo omu [[Wp/nyn/Uganda|Uganda]],(Yuganda) Omuny'eishengyero kandi omukazi w'eby'obushuubuzi. Akagaruka yaatooranwa omu ishengyero rya 11 erya Uganda (Yuganda)nk'omukazi orikujwekyera [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]]. Disiturikiti eri omu kicweka kya Kigezi ahansi y'ekibiina ky'obutegyeki ekiri omu butegyeki ekya [[Wp/nyn/National Resistance Movement|National Resistance Movement]] (NRM).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;[https://www.parliament.go.ug/mp_database/profile.php?mid=339 &quot;Parliament of Uganda&quot;]. ''www.parliament.go.ug''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221207063844/https://www.mpscanug.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020ParliamentScorecard-2018-2019-draft-FINAL.pdf-Sent-for-Print-2020-7-21.pdf ''The Parliamentary Performance Scorecard 2018- 2019'' (PDF)]. Kampala: AFRICA LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE. April 2020. pp.&amp;#x20;80, 98, 125, 129, 709, 733. ISBN&amp;#x20;&lt;bdi&gt;978-947478-111-0&lt;/bdi&gt;. Africa Leadership Institute website: www.aflinstitute.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'embaririra ya gavumenti kandi akaba ari memba w'akakiiko akarikujunanizibwa ahaby'amagara omu ishengyero rya 10 erya Uganda(Yuganda).&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Kandi n'omunyishengyero omu kibiina kya Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection (UPFSP).&lt;ref&gt;Parliament of Uganda. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201101093311/https://upfsp.org/ &quot;Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection&quot;]. ''Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Ekibiina ekyo kikatebwaho kukora aha by'okureeberera abantu, barikukoresa okurwanirira, okureetaho empinduka, okureeberera n'okujwekyera.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221015144753/https://upfsp.org/our-people/ &quot;Our people&quot;]. ''The Uganda Parliamentary Forum on Social Protection''. 9 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''Obukugu omu mirimo''' ==
Okuruga  omwaka gwa 2010 kuhisya omu mwaka gwa 2015, akaba ari omukozi w'eby'esente omu kitongore kya VIDAS Engineering Services Co. Ltd. Akatooranwa nk'omujwekyerwa w'abakazi omu Disiturikiti omu mwaka gwa 2016. Atwakiire n'omwebembezi w'akakiiko k'eby'esente hamwe n'akakiiko k'eby'amagara. Akatooranwa n'aha kakiiko k'enshonga z'amahanga ga Afirika y'oburugwa izooba.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Atwakiire n'omwebembezi w'ekibiina kya UPFSP. Ekibiina ky'omu ishengyero eki nikikora kureetaho omu ishengyero ryona ebiragiro n'ebiragiro ebirikwongyera aha burinzi bw'abantu abatarikwebaasa omu ihanga. Ahabw'ekigyendererwa eki, ba memba b'ekibiina eki nibakora hamwe omu kurwanirira ebiragiro ebirikushagika oburinzi bw'abantu; okushongyera n'okureebuuza aha birikuruga omu biragiro bya gavumenti n'obwebembezi aha ntunguuka y'abantu n'ebibiina; n'okwejumba omu mirimo mingi y'omu ishengyero n'omu ofiisi ezindi kugira ngu habeho okujwekyerwa omu by'obutegyeki byona.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

== '''Emirimo erikumanywa munonga''' ==
Ndamira Atwakiire akaheereza empunu z'omuka, ebihimba, ebicoori hamwe n'emboga abatuuragye ba [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Kabale]], yaagumya okuguza ebintu omu byaro, yaaha abatuuragye amaizi g'okunywa, yaataho enteekateeka z'eminyeeto nka SACCOS (Savings and Credit Cooperative Organizations),&lt;ref&gt;Tuheirwe, Kevin (4 November 2018). [https://mknewslink.com/dont-misuse-loans-from-saccos-kabale-mp-catherine-ndamira/ &quot;DON'T MISUSE LOANS FROM SACCOs-KABALE MP CATHERINE NDAMIRA&quot;]. ''MK Newslink''. Retrieved 21 March 2021&lt;/ref&gt; yaaha za ambyurensi za Health Centers kandi yaataho eby'okwombeka ebitaara by'eby'okwerinda.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; Akashagika emizaano n'emizaano omu [[Wp/nyn/Kabale Disiturikiti|Disiturikiti ya Kabale]].&lt;ref&gt;Felix, Asiimwe (23 October 2019). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2019/10/23/ntc-kabale-wins-inter-institution-games/ &quot;NTC Kabale Wins Inter-Institution Games&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; Akashongyera kandi yaashagika eby'obwegyese omu Disiturikiti ya Kabale&lt;ref&gt;Rurekyera, Geofrey (19 November 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/nankabirwa-fulfills-ugx-5million-pledge-to-kabale-school/ &quot;Nankabirwa fulfills Ugx 5million Pledge to Kabale School&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; nk'oku yaayejumbire omu mukoro gw'okushorooza esente z'okwombeka Kagunga Technical School.&lt;ref&gt;Obwana, Georgine (27 August 2018). [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015145115/https://croozefm.com/63726-2/ &quot;Kabale District Woman MP asks parents to monitor their children during the holiday&quot;]. ''Croozefm''. Archived from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;Akashagika akakiiko ka COVID-19 n'amajuta.&lt;ref&gt;Reporter, APN (11 April 2020). [https://apearlnews.com/s2018/2020/04/11/kabale-support-fight-against-covid-19/ &quot;Kabale Legislators Support Fight Against COVID-19&quot;]. ''African Pearl News''. Retrieved 21 March 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Ebihandiiko ebirikugambwaho ==

[[Category:Wp/nyn]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/wlx/2015 Ɩndɩɛ sinihi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3803341</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305114</id>
      <parentid>7298493</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T21:07:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Zakaria Tunsung</username>
        <id>2586001</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Zakaria Tunsung moved page [[Wp/wlx/2015 Hindi films]] to [[Wp/wlx/2015 Ɩndɩɛ sinihi]]: Misspelled title</comment>
      <origin>7298493</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="18200" sha1="fvb7547bczo8763d1l3rne0t6za6dn1" xml:space="preserve">Ama aŋ tu taa  ŋa la Bollywood sɩnɩhi aŋ yi yenge a yuoni 2015 . 

A  Bollywood sɩnɩ ne aŋ da dɩ ju yaga a 2015 yuoni ne la ''Bajrangi Bhaijaan'',  ka nʋba da bɔra a sɩnɩ kaabʋ yaga.

== Daga ɔfficɩ laanhibʋ ==

== Jɩmbɛŋtɩ–Dʋmba ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Opening'''
!'''Title'''
!'''Director'''
!'''Cast'''
!'''Genre'''
!Studio
!Source
|-
| rowspan=&quot;13&quot; |'''J'''
'''A'''
'''N'''
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |'''2'''
|''International Hero''
|Sanjay Niranjan
|Nakul Vaid, Jatin Grewal, Gurleen Choter
|Drama
|
|
|-
|''Mumbai Can Dance Saala''
|Sachindra Sharma
|Ashima Sharma, Prashant Narayanan, Aditya Pancholi, Mukesh Tiwari
|Thriller
|
|
|-
|''Take It Easy''
|Sunil Prem Vyas
|Vikram Gokhale, Dipannita Sharma, Raj Zutshi, Anang Desai, Joy Sengupta, Sulabha Arya, Vijay Kashyap
|Drama
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |'''9'''
|''Tevar''
|Amit Sharma
|Arjun Kapoor, Sonakshi Sinha, Raj Babbar, Manoj Bajpai
|Action, Romance
|Eros International, MAD Entertainment, Naresh Agarwal Films, Sanjay Kapoor Entertainment
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |'''16'''
|''Alone''
|Bhushan Patel
|Bipasha Basu, Karan Singh Grover
|Horror
|Panorama Studios
|
|-
|''Crazy Cukkad Family''
|Ritesh Menon
|Swanand Kirkire, Shilpa Shukla, Ninad Kamat, Kushal Punjabi, Kiran Karmarkar, Yusuf Hussain
|Comedy
|
|
|-
|''Sharafat Gayi Tel Lene''
|Gurmmeet Singh
|Zayed Khan, Tina Desai, Rannvijay Singh, Talia Benson, Anupam Kher
|Comedy, Thriller
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''23'''
|''Baby''
|Neeraj Pandey
|Akshay Kumar, Taapsee Pannu, Rana Daggubati, Anupam Kher, Kay Kay Menon, Danny Denzongpa
|Thriller
|T-Series Films, Friday Filmworks, Cape of Good Films, Crouching Tiger Motion Pictures
|
|-
|''Dolly Ki Doli''
|Abhishek Dogra
|Sonam Kapoor, Pulkit Samrat, Rajkummar Rao, Varun Sharma
|Romantic, Comedy
|Kinesis Films, Arbaaz Khan Production
|&lt;ref name=&quot;clash&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |'''30'''
|''Chal Guru Ho Ja Shuru''
|Manoj Sharma
|Hemant Pandey, Chandrachur Singh, Sanjay Mishra, Manoj Pahwa
|Comedy
|
|
|-
|''Hawaizaada''
|Vibhu Puri
|Ayushmann Khurrana, Pallavi Sharda
|Drama
|Reliance Entertainment, Trilogic Media, Film Farmers
|
|-
|''Khamoshiyan''
|Karan Dara
|Gurmeet Choudhary, Ali Fazal, Sapna Pabbi
|Horror
|Fox Star Studios, Vishesh Films
|&lt;ref name=&quot;year2015&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Rahasya''
|Manish Gupta
|Tisca Chopra, Ashish Vidyarthi, Kay Kay Menon
|Mystery
|Viacom18 Motion Pictures, UVI Film Productions
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; |'''F'''
'''E'''
'''B'''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''6'''
|''Jai Jawaan Jai Kisaan''
|Milan Ajmera
|Jatin Khurana, Om Puri, Prem Chopra, Rati Agnihotri, Rishi Bhutani, Sanjay Chakraborty, Akhilesh Jain
|Drama
|
|
|-
|''Shamitabh''
|R. Balki
|Amitabh Bachchan, Dhanush, Akshara Haasan
|Drama
|Eros International, Hope Productions
|&lt;ref name=&quot;clash&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''13'''
|''MSG: The Messenger''
|Gurmeet Ram Rahim Singh, Jeetu Arora
|Gurmeet Ram Rahim Singh, Daniel Kaleb, Flora Saini, Jayshree Soni, Olexandra Semen, Gaurav Gera, Jay Singh Rajpoot, Himanshu Tiwari
|Action, Drama
|
|
|-
|''Roy''
|Vikramjit Singh
|Ranbir Kapoor, Jacqueline Fernandez, Arjun Rampal
|Romance, Thriller
|T-Series Films
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''20'''
|''Badlapur''
|Sriram Raghavan
|Varun Dhawan, Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Huma Qureshi, Yami Gautam, Vinay Pathak, Divya Dutta
|Action, Thriller
|Eros International, Maddock Films
|
|-
|''Qissa''
|Anup Singh
|Irrfan Khan, Tillotama Shome, Tisca Chopra, Faezeh Jalali, Rasika Duggal
|Historical Drama
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''27'''
|''Ab Tak Chhappan 2''
|Aejaz Gulab
|Nana Patekar, Ashutosh Rana, Vikram Gokhale, Gul Panag
|Crime, Drama
|
|
|-
|''Dum Laga Ke Haisha''
|Sharat Katariya
|Ayushmann Khurrana, Bhumi Pednekar
|Comedy
|Yash Raj Films
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;9&quot; |'''M'''
'''A'''
'''R'''
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |'''6'''
|''Badmashiyaan''
|Amit Khanna
|Suzzanna Mukherjee, Sidhant Gupta, Gunjan Malhotra, Sharib Hashmi, Karan Mehra
|Romantic comedy
|
|
|-
|''Coffee Bloom''
|Manu Warrier
|Arjun Mathur, Sugandha Garg, Mohan Kapur
|Romance, Drama
|
|
|-
|''Dirty Politics''
|K. C. Bokadia
|Mallika Sherawat, Naseeruddin Shah, Jackie Shroff, Atul Kulkarni, Anupam Kher, Ashutosh Rana
|Political Drama
|
|
|-
|''Hey Bro''
|Ajay Chandhok
|Ganesh Acharya, Nupur Sharma, Maninder Singh
|Comedy, Action
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |'''13'''
|''NH10''
|Navdeep Singh
|Anushka Sharma, Neil Bhoopalam, Darshan Kumar
|Thriller
|Eros International, Clean Slate Filmz, Phantom Films
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''20'''
|''Dilliwali Zaalim Girlfriend''
|Japinder Kaur
|Divyendu Sharma, Jackie Shroff, Prachi Mishra, Ira Dubey
|Comedy
|
|
|-
|''Hunterrr''
|Harshavardhan Kulkarni
|Gulshan Devaiah, Radhika Apte, Sai Tamhankar
|Comedy
|Shemaroo Entertainment, Falco, Bala Industries &amp; Entertainment, Tailormade Films, Phantom Films
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''27'''
|''Barkhaa''
|Shadaab Mirza
|Sara Loren, Taaha Shah, Shweta Pandit, Priyanshu Chatterjee
|Romance
|
|
|-
|''Yahaan Sabki Lagi Hai''
|Satavisha Bose, Cyrus R. khambhata
|Varun Thakur, Eden Shyodhi, Heerok Das, Teeshay Shah
|Social
|
|
|}

== Dʋmba Kokʋroko–Kpiinichiu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Opening'''
!'''Title'''
!'''Director'''
!'''Cast'''
!'''Genre'''
!Studio
!Source
|-
| rowspan=&quot;11&quot; |'''A'''
'''P'''
'''R'''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''3'''
|''Detective Byomkesh Bakshy!''
|Dibakar Banerjee
|Sushant Singh Rajput, Anand Tiwari, Swastika Mukherjee, Divya Menon, Neeraj Kabi, Meiyang Chang
|Thriller
|Yash Raj Films, DBP
|
|-
|''Luckhnowi Ishq''
|Aanand Raut
|Adhyayan Suman, Karishma Kotak
|Romance
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''10'''
|''Dharam Sankat Mein''
|Fuwad Khan
|Naseeruddin Shah, Paresh Rawal, Annu Kapoor, Murali Sharma
|Drama
|Viacom18 Motion Pictures, Trigno Media
|
|-
|''Ek Paheli Leela''
|Bobby Khan
|Sunny Leone, Jay Bhanushali, Mohit Ahlawat, Rajneesh Duggal, Rahul Dev, Jas Arora
|Musical
|T-Series Films, Paper Doll Entertainment
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Ek Paheli Leela 2015&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''17'''
|''Court''
|Chaitanya Tamhane
|Vira Satidhar, Vivek Gombher, Geetanjali Kulkarni
|Drama
|Zoo Entertainment
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Court 2015&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Margarita with a Straw''
|Shonali Bose
|Kalki Koechlin, Revathi, Hussain Dalal
|Drama
|Viacom18 Motion Pictures, Ishan Talkies
|
|-
|''Mr. X''
|Vikram Bhatt
|Emraan Hashmi, Amyra Dastur
|Sci fi/thriller
|Fox Star Studios, Vishesh Films
|&lt;ref name=&quot;dates&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''NH-8 Road to Nidhivan''
|Munindra Gupta
|Auroshikha Dey, Ravneet Kaur, Satyakam Anand, Arjun Fauzdar, Swaroopa Ghosh
|Horror
|
|
|-
|''Ek Adbhut Dakshina Guru Dakshina''
|Kiran Phadnis
|Rajeev Govinda Pillai, Rajesh Shringarpure, Sulagna Panigrahi, Girish Karnad, Roopa Ganguly
|Dance/drama
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''24'''
|''Ishq Ke Parindey''
|Shakir Khan
|Rishi Verma, Priyanka Mehta, Manjul Aazad, Yasir Iftikhar Khan
|Romance
|
|
|-
|''Kaagaz Ke Fools''
|Anil Kumar Chaudhary
|Vinay Pathak, Mugdha Godse, Raima Sen, Saurabh Shukla, Rajendra Sethi, Amit Behl
|Comedy
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;12&quot; |'''M'''
'''A'''
'''Y'''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''1'''
|''Gabbar Is Back''
|Krish
|Akshay Kumar, Shruti Haasan, Suman
|Crime/action
|Viacom18 Motion Pictures, Bhansali Productions
|
|-
|''Sabki Bajegi Band''
|Anirudh Chawla
|Sumeet Vyas, Swara Bhaskar, Alekh Sangal, Shaurya Chauhan, Amol Parashar
|Thriller/drama
|Percept Pictures, Yen Movies
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''8'''
|''Kuch Kuch Locha Hai''
|Devang Dholakia
|Ram Kapoor, Sunny Leone, Evelyn Sharma, Navdeep Chabbra
|Comedy
|
|
|-
|''Piku''
|Shoojit Sircar
|Amitabh Bachchan, Deepika Padukone, Irrfan Khan, Moushumi Chatterjee, Jisshu Sengupta
|Comedy/drama
|MSM Motion Pictures, Saraswati Entertainment, Rising Sun Films
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |'''15'''
|''Bombay Velvet''
|Anurag Kashyap
|Ranbir Kapoor, Anushka Sharma, Karan Johar, Kay Kay Menon
|Crime/drama
|Fox Star Studios, Phantom Films
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''22'''
|''Main Hoon Part-Time Killer''
|Faisal Saif
|Adithya Menon, Kavita Radheshyam
|Spoof, comedy, thriller
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;dates&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Tanu Weds Manu: Returns''
|Anand L. Rai
|R. Madhavan, Kangana Ranaut
|Romance/comedy
|Eros International, Colour Yellow Productions
|&lt;ref name=&quot;dates&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |'''27'''
|''Waiting''
|Anu Menon
|Naseeruddin Shah, Kalki Koechlin, Arjun Mathur, Rajat Kapoor, Suhasini Maniratnam
|Drama
|Drishyam Films, Ishka Films
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |'''29'''
|''I Love Desi''
|Pankaj Batra
|Vedant Bali, Priyanka Shah, Gulshan Grover
|Comedy
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;dates&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Ishqedarriyaan''
|V. K. Prakash
|Mahaakshay Chakraborty, Evelyn Sharma, Kavin Dave, Mohit Dutta
|Drama
|
|
|-
|''P Se PM Tak''
|Kundan Shah
|Meenakshi Dixit, Rocky Verma, Bharat Jadhav, Yashpal Sharma
|Comedy
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;dates&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Welcome 2 Karachi''
|Ashish R Mohan
|Arshad Warsi, Jackky Bhagnani, Lauren Gottlieb, Ayub Khoso, Adnan Shah, Imran Hasnee
|Comedy
|Pooja Entertainment
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |'''J'''
'''U'''
'''N'''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''5'''
|''Dil Dhadakne Do''
|Zoya Akhtar
|Anil Kapoor, Shefali Shah, Priyanka Chopra, Ranveer Singh, Anushka Sharma, Farhan Akhtar, Rahul Bose, Zarina Wahab
|Drama
|Eros International, Junglee Pictures, Excel Entertainment
|
|-
|''Mere Genie Uncle''
|Ashish Bhavsar
|Tiku Talsania, Swati Kapoor, Shakti Kapoor, Ehsaan Qureshi
|Drama
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |'''12'''
|''Hamari Adhuri Kahani''
|Mohit Suri
|Emraan Hashmi, Vidya Balan, Rajkummar Rao
|Romance/drama
|Fox Star Studios, Vishesh Films
|&lt;ref name=&quot;dates&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |'''19'''
|''ABCD 2''
|Remo D'Souza
|Varun Dhawan, Shraddha Kapoor, Prabhu Deva, Lauren Gottlieb, Dharmesh Yelande, Punit Pathak, Raghav Juyal
|Dance
|Walt Disney Pictures, UTV Motion Pictures
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |'''26'''
|''Miss Tanakpur Haazir Ho''
|Vinod Kapri
|Annu Kapoor, Om Puri, Rahul Bagga, Hrishitaa Bhatt
|Comedy/drama
|Fox Star Studios, Crossword Films, NG Film Crafts
|
|-
|''Uvaa''
|Jasbir Bhaati
|Om Puri, Jimmy Sheirgill, Sangram Singh, Archana Puran Singh
|Social/comedy
|
|
|-
|''Lion of Gujarat''
|Dinesh Lamba
|Dinesh Lamba, Akruti Agrawal, Homi Wadia
|Action
|
|
|}

== Kpiinichiu Makʋna–Sɩŋkarɩ ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Opening'''
!'''Title'''
!'''Director'''
!'''Cast'''
!'''Genre'''
!Studio
!Source
|-
| rowspan=&quot;9&quot; |'''J'''
'''U'''
'''L'''
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |'''3'''
|''Bezubaan Ishq''
|Jashwant Gangani
|Nishant Singh Malkani, Mugdha Godse, Sneha Ullal
|Romance
|
|
|-
|''Guddu Rangeela''
|Subhash Kapoor
|Arshad Warsi, Aditi Rao Hydari, Amit Sadh
|Comedy
|Fox Star Studios, Mangl Murti Films
|
|-
|''Second Hand Husband''
|Smeep Kang
|Gippy Grewal, Tina Ahuja, Dharmendra
|Drama
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''10'''
|''I Love NY''
|Radhika Rao
|Sunny Deol, Kangana Ranaut
|Romance/drama
|T-Series Films
|&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Glamsham&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Thoda Lutf Thoda Ishq''
|Sachin Gupta
|Hiten Tejwani, Sanjay Mishra
|Romance/drama
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Glamsham&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |'''17'''
|''Bajrangi Bhaijaan''
|Kabir Khan
|Salman Khan, Kareena Kapoor, Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Harshaali Malhotra
|Action, comedy, drama
|Eros International, Salman Khan Films, Kabir Khan Films
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''24'''
|''Aisa Yeh Jahaan''
|Biswajeet Bora
|Palash Sen, Ira Dubey, Kymsleen Kholie, Yashpal Sharma
|Drama
|
|
|-
|''Masaan''
|Neeraj Ghaywan
|Richa Chadha, Vicky Kaushal, Sanjay Mishra, Shweta Tripathi
|Drama
|Drishyam Films, Phantom Films, Macassar Productions, Sikhya Entertainment, Pathé, Arte France Cinéma
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |'''31'''
|''Drishyam''
|Nishikant Kamat
|Ajay Devgn, Tabu, Shriya Saran, Rajat Kapoor
|Drama/thriller
|Viacom18 Motion Pictures, Panorama Studios
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; |'''A'''
'''U'''
'''G'''
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |'''7'''
|''Bangistan''
|Karan Anshuman
|Riteish Deshmukh, Pulkit Samrat
|Comedy
|Junglee Pictures, Excel Entertainment, Zorg Werke
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''14'''
|''Brothers''
|Karan Malhotra
|Akshay Kumar, Sidharth Malhotra, Jacqueline Fernandez, Jackie Shroff, Conan Stevens
|Drama
|Fox Star Studios, Lionsgate, Dharma Productions, Endemol India
|
|-
|''Gour Hari Dastaan''
|Ananth Narayan Mahadevan
|Vinay Pathak, Konkona Sen Sharma, Ranvir Shorey, Tannishtha Chatterjee
|Drama
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |'''21'''
|''All Is Well''
|Umesh Shukla
|Abhishek Bachchan, Asin Thottumkal, Rishi Kapoor, Supriya Pathak
|Drama
|T-Series Films, Alchemy Film Productions
|
|-
|''Manjhi – The Mountain Man''
|Ketan Mehta
|Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Radhika Apte
|Drama
|Viacom 18 Motion Pictures, NFDC, Maya Movies
|
|-
|''Rolling Dream''
|Maahi Kaur
|Saachi Tiwari
|Drama
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''28'''
|''Kaun Kitney Paani Mein''
|Nila Madhab Panda
|Saurabh Shukla, Radhika Apte, Gulshan Grover
|Social/drama
|
|
|-
|''Phantom''
|Kabir Khan
|Saif Ali Khan, Katrina Kaif
|Action/thriller
|UTV Motion Pictures, Nadiadwala Grandson Entertainment
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |'''S'''
'''E'''
'''P'''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''4'''
|''Welcome Back''
|Anees Bazmee
|John Abraham, Shruti Hassan, Anil Kapoor, Nana Patekar, Paresh Rawal, Dimple Kapadia
|Romance/comedy
|Base Industries Group, Eros International, Swiss Entertainment
|
|-
|''Lakhon Hain Yahan Dilwale''
|Munnawar Bhagat
|Aditya Pancholi, Arun Bakshi, Kishori Shahane
|Romance
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''11'''
|''Hero''
|Nikhil Advani
|Sooraj Pancholi, Athiya Shetty, Salman Khan, Tigmanshu Dhulia, Aditya Pancholi, Sharad Kelkar
|Action/romance
|Eros International, Salman Khan Films, Mukta Arts, Emmay Entertainment
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Hero 2015&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hero&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Sorry Daddy''
|Vijay Pal and Shakur
|Shamim Khan, Mukesh Tiwari, Tinu Verma
|Action/drama
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''18'''
|''Katti Batti''
|Nikhil Advani
|Imran Khan, Kangana Ranaut
|Romance/comedy
|UTV Motion Pictures, Emmay Entertainment
|
|-
|''Meeruthiya Gangster''
|Zeishan Quadri
|Jaideep Ahlawat, Aakash Dahiya, Shadab Kamal, Nushrat Bharucha, Ishita Sharma
|Crime/comedy
|
|&lt;ref name=&quot;India 2015&quot; /&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |'''25'''
|''Kis Kisko Pyaar Karoon''
|Abbas–Mustan
|Kapil Sharma, Arbaz Khan, Manjari Phadnis, Simran Kaur Mundi, Elli Avram, Sai Lokur, Varun Sharma, Supriya Pathak
|Comedy
|Venus Worldwide Entertainment, Abbas–Mustan Films Production, Pooja Entertainment, Trigger Edge
|&lt;ref name=&quot;Hero 2015&quot; /&gt;
|-
|''Bhaag Johnny''
|Shivam Nair
|Kunal Khemu, Zoa Morani, Mandana Karimi
|Drama
|T-Series Films
|
|}

== Chiusʋŋ–Doŋʋ ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Opening'''
!'''Title'''
!'''Director'''
!'''Cast'''
!'''Genre'''
!Studio
!Source
|-
| rowspan=&quot;14&quot; |'''O'''
'''C'''
'''T'''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''2'''
|''Singh Is Bliing''
|Prabhu Deva
|Akshay Kumar, Amy Jackson
|Comedy
|Pen Studios, Grazing Goat Pictures
|
|-
|''Talvar''
|Meghna Gulzar
|Irrfan Khan, Konkona Sen Sharma, Tabu
|Thriller
|Junglee Pictures, VB Pictures
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |'''9'''
|''Jazbaa''
|Sanjay Gupta
|Aishwarya Rai Bachchan, Irrfan Khan, Shabana Azmi
|Action/drama
|Essel Vision Productions, Viking Media &amp; Entertainment, White Feather Films
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |'''16'''
|''Bumper Draw''
|Irshad Khan
|Rajpal Yadav, Zakir Hussain, Subrat Dutta, Rushad Rana
|Comedy
|
|
|-
|''Chinar Daastaan-E-Ishq''
|Sharique Minhaj
|Faisal Khan, Inayat Sharma, Dalip Tahil, Shahbaz Khan
|Romantic/drama
|
|
|-
|''Pyaar Ka Punchnama 2''
|Luv Ranjan
|Kartik Aaryan, Nushrat Bharucha, Sonnalli Seygall, Omkar Kapoor
|Comedy
|Viacom18 Motion Pictures, Panorama Studios
|
|-
|''Wedding Pullav''
|Binod Pradhan
|Anushka Ranjan, Diganth Manchale, Karan Grover, Rishi Kapoor, Sonnalli Seygall
|Comedy
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |'''22'''
|''Shaandaar''
|Vikas Bahl
|Shahid Kapoor, Alia Bhatt, Pankaj Kapur
|Romance/comedy
|Fox Star Studios, Dharma Productions, Phantom Films
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |'''30'''
|''Titli''
|Kanu Behl
|Shashank Arora, Ranvir Shorey, Amit Sial, Lalit Behl
|Crime
|Yash Raj Films, DBP
|
|-
|''Main Aur Charles''
|Prawaal Raman
|Randeep Hooda, Richa Chadha, Adil Hussain, Nandu Madhav
|Thriller
|
|
|-
|''Once Upon a Time in Bihar''
|Nitin Chandra
|Ashish Vidyarthi, Kranti Prakash Jha, Ajay Kumar, Arti Puri, Pankaj Jha, Deepak Singh
|Political
|
|
|-
|''Guddu Ki Gun''
|Shantanu Ray Chhibber, Sheershak Anand
|Kunal Khemu, Payel Sarkar, Aparna Sharma, Sumeet Vyas
|Comedy
|Trigger Edge, Emenox Media
|
|-
|''Love Exchange''
|Raj V Shetty
|Mohit Madan, Jyoti Sharma
|Romance
|
|
|-
|''Prithipal Singh... A Story''
|Babita Puri
|Vikas Kumar, Anjali Singh
|Biopic
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;8&quot; |'''N'''
'''O'''
'''V'''
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |'''6'''
|''Four Pillars of Basement''
|Giresh Naik K
|Dillzan Wadia, Bruna Abdullah, Aaliya Singh, Zakir Hussain
|Thriller
|
|
|-
|''Charlie Kay Chakkar Mein''
|Manish Srivasta
|Naseeruddin Shah
|Crime/thriller
|
|
|-
|''Yaara Silly Silly''
|Subhash Sehgal
|Paoli Dam, Parambrata Chatterjee
|Romance
|
|
|-
|''Ranbanka''
|Aryeman Ramsay
|Manish Paul, Ravi Kishan, Pooja Thakur
|Action
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |'''12'''
|''Prem Ratan Dhan Payo''
|Sooraj Barjatya
|Salman Khan, Sonam Kapoor, Neil Nitin Mukesh, Swara Bhaskar, Armaan Kohli, Anupam Kher, Deepak Dobriyal, Sanjay Mishra
|Romance
|Fox Star Studios, Rajshri Productions
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |'''20'''
|''X: Past Is Present''
|Various Directors
|Rajat Kapoor, Huma Qureshi
|Anthology
|Drishyam Films, Made In Madras Ink
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''27'''
|''Angry Indian Goddesses''
|Pan Nalin
|Sarah-Jane Dias, Tannishtha Chatterjee, Anushka Manchanda, Sandhya Mridul
|Drama
|
|
|-
|''Tamasha''
|Imtiaz Ali
|Deepika Padukone, Ranbir Kapoor
|Romance
|UTV Motion Pictures, Nadiadwala Grandson Entertainment, Window Seat Films
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |'''D'''
'''E'''
'''C'''
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''4'''
|''Hate Story 3''
|Vishal Pandya
|Zarine Khan, Daisy Shah, Sharman Joshi, Karan Singh Grover
|Adult/thriller
|T-Series Films
|
|-
|''Kajarya''
|Madhureeta Anand
|Meenu Hooda, Ridhima Sud, Kuldeep Ruhil
|Drama
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;1&quot; |'''11'''
|''The Silent Heroes''
|Mahesh Bhatt
|Maanuv Bhardawaj, Priyanka Panchal, Mann Bagga, Simran Deep, Nirmal Kumar Pant
|Adventure
|
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''18'''
|''Bajirao Mastani''
|Sanjay Leela Bhansali
|Ranveer Singh, Deepika Padukone, Priyanka Chopra
|Romance
|Eros International, Bhansali Productions
|
|-
|''Dilwale''
|Rohit Shetty
|Shah Rukh Khan, Kajol, Varun Dhawan, Kriti Sanon
|Action/romance
|Red Chillies Entertainment, Rohit Shetty Productions
|
|}

== kaa nyɛ ==

* List of Bollywood films of 2016
* List of Bollywood films of 2014

== Tarɩjiihi ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
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      <text bytes="637" sha1="8wohe5tmhth3w3j3sgph40i3c14uilv" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Placito-capua.jpg|upright=1.2|thumb|Scrétta sora 'l salghéd 'd piaza Medagli d'Or ma Capua, sal paroli 'd Placit Campèn enca se l'è sbajéd:  «''kelli fini''» te' post 'd «''kelle fini''».]]
I '''''Placiti Cassinesi''''' (placit Casiníṡ) o Placit Campèn, sò quatri testimuniènzi giurèdi méss gió tra e' 960 e e' 963 a prupòṡti sla prupitè ma i munastìr binidettìn dla żona  id terrén fundìr te' teritòri dl'alòura Principèd lungbèrd 'd Capua.

I sò i prìm documìnt t'un vulghèr dl'Italia, e' Campan, scrétt t'una forma ch la vò esa dóta e uficièla.

{{INTERWIKI|Q638094}}

[[Category:Wp/rgn]]</text>
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      <text bytes="643" sha1="9um7mh193vql96l6u2j2p3bsedmhl0o" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Placito-capua.jpg|upright=1.2|thumb|Scrétta sora 'l salghéd 'd piaza Medagli d'Or ma Capua, sal paroli 'd Placit Campèn enca se l'è sbajéd:  «''kelli fini''» te' post 'd «''kelle fini''».]]
I '''''Placiti Cassinesi''''' (placit Casiníṡ) o '''Placit Campèn''', sò quatri testimuniènzi giurèdi méss gió tra e' 960 e e' 963 a prupòṡti sla prupitè ma i munastìr binidettìn dla żona  id terrén fundìr te' teritòri dl'alòura Principèd lungbèrd 'd Capua.

I sò i prìm documìnt t'un vulghèr dl'Italia, e' Campan, scrétt t'una forma ch la vò esa dóta e uficièla.

{{INTERWIKI|Q638094}}

[[Category:Wp/rgn]]</text>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:22:09Z</timestamp>
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{{Wt/rgn/-nom-}}
'''ecunuméja'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =SM
 |aut =Antonio Morri
 |tit =Vocabolario romagnolo-italiano
 |ann =1840
 |edi =Conti
 |loc =Fënza
 |edz =
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =289
 |tra =
 |isb =
 |doi =
 |url =https://books.google.it/books?id=e81FAAAAcAAJ&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;source=gbs_ge_summary_r&amp;cad=0#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false
}}&lt;/ref&gt; {{Wt/rgn/s}} {{Wt/rgn/f}}

{{Wt/rgn/-hyph-}}
e·cu·nu·meja

{{Wt/rgn/-pron-}}
[ '- ]

{{Wt/rgn/-etim-}}
-

{{Wt/rgn/-sin-}}
*[[Wt/rgn/culumeja|culumeja]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Franco Ponseggi
 |tit =Nuovo Vocabolario Romagnolo
 |ann =2024
 |edi =Tempo al libro
 |loc =Fënza
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =46
 |tra =
 |isb =9791281307117
 |doi =
 |url =
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*culumì&lt;ref&gt;{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Libero Ercolani
 |tit =Vocabolario Romagnolo-Italiano
 |ann =1970
 |edi =Monte di Ravenna
 |loc =Ravêna
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =107
 |tra =
 |isb =
 |doi =
 |url =
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Wt/rgn/-ant-}}
-

{{Wt/rgn/-der-}}
-

{{Wt/rgn/-rel-}}
* [[Wt/rgn/sparagn|sparagn]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =SM
 |aut = Graziano Bartolini
 |tit =Dizionario di dialetto sammarinese
 |ann =2021
 |edi =Ente Cassa di Faetano
 |loc =San Marèin
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =49
 |tra =
 |isb =
 |doi =
 |url =
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Wt/rgn/-ipon-}} -

{{Wt/rgn/-iperon-}} -

{{Wt/rgn/-prov-}} -

{{Wt/rgn/-var-}}
*(''rumagnôl ucidentêl'') [[Wt/rgn/cunumeja|cunumeja]]
**(''Jomla'') econuméja, econumì&lt;ref&gt;{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Antonio Mattioli
 |tit =Vocabolario Romagnolo-Italiano
 |ann =1879
 |edi =Tipografia d'I Galeati e Figlio
 |loc =Jomla
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =210
 |tra =
 |isb =
 |doi =
 |url =
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Wt/rgn/-alter-}}

{{Wt/rgn/-trans-}}{| border=0  width=100%
:*{{Wt/rgn/fr}}:: économie
:*{{Wt/rgn/en}}:: economy
:*{{Wt/rgn/it}}:: economia

{{Wt/rgn/-ref-}}


|}

[[Category:Wt/rgn]]</text>
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{{Wt/rgn/-nom-}}
'''ecunuméja'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =SM
 |aut =Antonio Morri
 |tit =Vocabolario romagnolo-italiano
 |ann =1840
 |edi =Conti
 |loc =Fënza
 |edz =
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =289
 |tra =
 |isb =
 |doi =
 |url =https://books.google.it/books?id=e81FAAAAcAAJ&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;source=gbs_ge_summary_r&amp;cad=0#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false
}}&lt;/ref&gt; {{Wt/rgn/s}} {{Wt/rgn/f}}

{{Wt/rgn/-hyph-}}
e·cu·nu·meja

{{Wt/rgn/-pron-}}
[ '- ]

{{Wt/rgn/-etim-}}
-

{{Wt/rgn/-sin-}}
*[[Wt/rgn/culumeja|culumeja]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Franco Ponseggi
 |tit =Nuovo Vocabolario Romagnolo
 |ann =2024
 |edi =Tempo al libro
 |loc =Fënza
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =46
 |tra =
 |isb =9791281307117
 |doi =
 |url =
}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*culumì&lt;ref&gt;{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Libero Ercolani
 |tit =Vocabolario Romagnolo-Italiano
 |ann =1970
 |edi =Monte di Ravenna
 |loc =Ravêna
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =107
 |tra =
 |isb =
 |doi =
 |url =
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Wt/rgn/-ant-}}
-

{{Wt/rgn/-der-}}
-

{{Wt/rgn/-rel-}}
* [[Wt/rgn/sparagn|sparagn]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =SM
 |aut = Graziano Bartolini
 |tit =Dizionario di dialetto sammarinese
 |ann =2021
 |edi =Ente Cassa di Faetano
 |loc =San Marèin
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =49
 |tra =
 |isb =
 |doi =
 |url =
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Wt/rgn/-ipon-}} -

{{Wt/rgn/-iperon-}} -

{{Wt/rgn/-prov-}} -

{{Wt/rgn/-var-}}
*(''rumagnôl ucidentêl'') [[Wt/rgn/cunumeja|cunumeja]]
**(''Jomla'') econuméja, econumì&lt;ref&gt;{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Antonio Mattioli
 |tit =Vocabolario Romagnolo-Italiano
 |ann =1879
 |edi =Tipografia d'I Galeati e Figlio
 |loc =Jomla
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =210
 |tra =
 |isb =
 |doi =
 |url =
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Wt/rgn/-alter-}}

{{Wt/rgn/-trans-}}{| border=0  width=100%
:*{{Wt/rgn/fr}}:: économie
:*{{Wt/rgn/en}}:: economy
:*{{Wt/rgn/it}}:: economia

{{Wt/rgn/-ref-}}

|}

[[Category:Wt/rgn]]</text>
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      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q6063221]]</comment>
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&lt;div class=&quot;mw-parser-output plainlinks&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;mbox {{{class|}}} {{#if: {{{type|}}} | is-{{{type}}} }}&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;mbox-image&quot;&gt;[[File:{{{file|Ic info 48px.svg}}}|36px|link=|alt=]]&lt;/div&gt;
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{{{description}}} {{#if: {{{date|}}} | ''({{-|{{#time: F Y | {{{date}}} }}}})'' }}
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{{Wp/pih/Documentation|Template:Wp/pih/Mbox/doc}}


{{INTERWIKI|Q6063221}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7304882</id>
      <parentid>7304460</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:16:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
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      <origin>7304882</origin>
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      <text bytes="85" sha1="gwx3ehh6qmsc1mygwef65xoqmzzh0nt" xml:space="preserve">[[Category:Wq/pa/ਸਮਾਜ]]
[[Category:Wq/pa/ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਵਿਸ਼ੇ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/buk/Main Page</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804225</id>
    <redirect title="Wp/buk/Головна сторінка" />
    <revision>
      <id>7305388</id>
      <parentid>7304690</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:14:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
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      <text bytes="105" sha1="jc5eiqq0tkud0x0ov8w0uwuxvlo3qmt" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Wp/buk/Головна сторінка|Головна сторінка]]

[[Category:Wp/buk]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/sma/Hitra</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>7304694</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T12:22:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ohtsije</username>
        <id>2701823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;'''Hitra''' lea sååle.  Hitra lea [Tröndelaage|Tröndelaagesne], Tråantefjovlen jilleli.  Tsïengelen 1. biejjien, 2026n, 5568 almetjh lin Hitra tjïeltesne årroeminie.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ssb.no/statbank/table/06913&lt;/ref&gt;  Hitran tjïelte-jarngen nomme Fillan. Fillanisnie madth- jïh jåarhkeskuvle. Jåarhkeskuvlen nomme Guri Kunna VGS, jïh dan ektiebarkoe Frøyine.  Fillanisnie aaj bovrejarnge, gusnie beapmoebovre, vaarjoebovrh, bietskiedæjja, restaurante, gærjabov...&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="511" sha1="d3vzn9vbu1c5abkukorhxp0yhkc7ld4" xml:space="preserve">'''Hitra''' lea sååle.

Hitra lea [Tröndelaage|Tröndelaagesne], Tråantefjovlen jilleli.

Tsïengelen 1. biejjien, 2026n, 5568 almetjh lin Hitra tjïeltesne årroeminie.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ssb.no/statbank/table/06913&lt;/ref&gt;

Hitran tjïelte-jarngen nomme Fillan.
Fillanisnie madth- jïh jåarhkeskuvle. Jåarhkeskuvlen nomme Guri Kunna VGS, jïh dan ektiebarkoe Frøyine.

Fillanisnie aaj bovrejarnge, gusnie beapmoebovre, vaarjoebovrh, bietskiedæjja, restaurante, gærjabovre jïh vielie.

[[Category:Wp/sma]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7304695</id>
      <parentid>7304694</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T12:24:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ohtsije</username>
        <id>2701823</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Formatering</comment>
      <origin>7304695</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="520" sha1="st6cnt10xq5o3iwgqowpkyl77u4kcyg" xml:space="preserve">'''Hitra''' lea sååle.

Hitra lea [[Wp/sma/Tröndelaage|Tröndelaagesne]], Tråantefjovlen jilleli.

Tsïengelen 1. biejjien, 2026n, 5568 almetjh lin Hitra tjïeltesne årroeminie.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ssb.no/statbank/table/06913&lt;/ref&gt;

Hitran tjïelte-jarngen nomme Fillan.
Fillanisnie madth- jïh jåarhkeskuvle. Jåarhkeskuvlen nomme Guri Kunna VGS, jïh dan ektiebarkoe Frøyine.

Fillanisnie aaj bovrejarnge, gusnie beapmoebovre, vaarjoebovrh, bietskiedæjja, restaurante, gærjabovre jïh vielie.

[[Category:Wp/sma]]</text>
      <sha1>st6cnt10xq5o3iwgqowpkyl77u4kcyg</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Wt/azb/هابیل</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804227</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304696</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T12:57:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shams948</username>
        <id>77520</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wt/azb/هابیل یارادیلیر</comment>
      <origin>7304696</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1077" sha1="ot3yyybe91ami48yrvkajud2vydcif2" xml:space="preserve">== هابیل ==
[[File:Cain leadeth abel to death tissot.jpg|thumb|245px|left|هابیل [[Wt/azb/قابیل|قابیل]] نَقِله]]
{{Wt/azb/آنلام‌لار}}
#هابیل [[Wt/azb/باهار دیله|باهار دیلی]] چؤخ بیلمیش، موزهِ یا [[Wt/azb/دغل|دغل]] سایلَر.‌قانشارهِ  [[Wt/azb/قابیل|قابیل]] . [[Wt/azb/هابیل قابیل|هابیل قابیل]].
#:هابیل ایککی قِسمَت‌دَن [[Wt/azb/ها|ها]] - [[Wt/azb/بیل|بیل]] دوز اؤلؤد.
{{Wt/azb/یازیلیش‌لار}}
* لاتینجه : 
* اینگیلیزجه: [[Wt/azb/abel|abel]]
* تورکییه : هابیل 
* عربجه : هابیل
* فارسجا: هابیل 
* باهار دیلی: هابیل
{{Wt/azb/کؤکن}}
* اسکی تورکجه
{{Wt/azb/قایناق‌لار}}

[[Category:Wt/azb]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/بوتون سؤزجوکلر]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/تورکجه سؤزجوک]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/اسکی تورکجه]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/باهار دیله]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/هارسی دیله]]
[[En:Abel]]</text>
      <sha1>ot3yyybe91ami48yrvkajud2vydcif2</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>User talk:Albetudu</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>3804228</id>
    <redirect title="User talk:AlbetusTudu" />
    <revision>
      <id>7304698</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:04:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>QueerEcofeminist</username>
        <id>21670</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>QueerEcofeminist moved page [[User talk:Albetudu]] to [[User talk:AlbetusTudu]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Albetudu|Albetudu]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/AlbetusTudu|AlbetusTudu]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="35" sha1="37yduwueywn7zetxy63cz5pdtkxvdb5" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[User talk:AlbetusTudu]]</text>
      <sha1>37yduwueywn7zetxy63cz5pdtkxvdb5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/azb/قابیل</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804229</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304703</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:10:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shams948</username>
        <id>77520</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wt/azb/قابیل یارادیلیر</comment>
      <origin>7304703</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1132" sha1="8fg4nq4l66dnqa6ubaptna361254zum" xml:space="preserve">== قابیل ==
[[File:Sacrificio de Abel, de Juan Antonio de Frías y Escalante (Museo del Prado).jpg|thumb|245px|left|[[Wt/azb/هابیل|هابیل]] قابیل نَقِله]]
{{Wt/azb/آنلام‌لار}}
#قابیل [[Wt/azb/باهار دیله|باهار دیلی]] عاقیل، عقلمَند، درستکار  ([[Wt/azb/عاقل|عاقل]]) سایلَر.‌ قانشارهِ  [[Wt/azb/هابیل|هابیل]] . [[Wt/azb/هابیل قابیل|هابیل قابیل]].
#:قابیل ایککی قِسمَت‌دَن [[Wt/azb/قا|قا]] - [[Wt/azb/بیل|بیل]] دوز اؤلؤد.
{{Wt/azb/یازیلیش‌لار}}
* لاتینجه : 
* اینگیلیزجه: [[Wt/azb/cain|cain]]
* تورکییه : قابیل 
* عربجه : قابیل
* فارسجا: قابیل 
* باهار دیلی: قابل
{{Wt/azb/کؤکن}}
* اسکی تورکجه
{{Wt/azb/قایناق‌لار}}

[[Category:Wt/azb]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/بوتون سؤزجوکلر]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/تورکجه سؤزجوک]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/اسکی تورکجه]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/باهار دیله]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/هارسی دیله]]
[[En:cain]]</text>
      <sha1>8fg4nq4l66dnqa6ubaptna361254zum</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/azb/قفقاز</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804230</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304717</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:35:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shams948</username>
        <id>77520</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Wt/azb/قفقاز یارادیلیر</comment>
      <origin>7304717</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1048" sha1="0cmw6ca2f0w37c0v0insk64jputl4nu" xml:space="preserve">== قفقاز ==
[[File:Caucasus political.svg|thumb|245px|left|قاپ غاز]]
{{Wt/azb/آنلام‌لار}}
#فارسجا دیلی قَفْقاز اؤخونور، اصلیتی گَرگ [[Wt/azb/قاپغاز|قاپغاز]] اؤلا. 
#:قفقاز ایککی قِسمَت‌دَن [[Wt/azb/قف|قف]] - [[Wt/azb/غاز|غاز]] دوز اؤلؤد، [[Wt/azb/قاف|قاف]] داغه بؤردَیمیش، بؤ یورد قدیم  [[Wt/azb/قره‌غاز|قره‌غاز]] اؤتؤراقی میش.
{{Wt/azb/یازیلیش‌لار}}
* لاتینجه : 
* اینگیلیزجه: [[Wt/azb/caucasus|caucasus]]
* تورکییه : قافقاز
* عربجه : 
* فارسجا: قفقاز
* باهار دیلی: قاپ‌غاز
{{Wt/azb/کؤکن}}
* اسکی تورکجه
{{Wt/azb/قایناق‌لار}}

[[Category:Wt/azb]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/بوتون سؤزجوکلر]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/تورکجه سؤزجوک]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/اسکی تورکجه]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/باهار دیله]]
[[Category:Wt/azb/هارسی دیله]]
[[En:caucasus]]</text>
      <sha1>0cmw6ca2f0w37c0v0insk64jputl4nu</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/mfa/Mesejék Mukéng Batu Gajoh</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804231</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304744</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:53:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mirlim</username>
        <id>2598865</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pindoh dari [[Special:Diff/7299451]]</comment>
      <origin>7304744</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="422" sha1="on3vteykqgny1i058jc02579k26ub6d" xml:space="preserve">'''Mesejék Mukéng Batu Gajoh''' ni ssejék kak Mukéng Batu Gajoh, Dèkroh Jèdok, 17150 Tanoh Meroh, Klatae.

==Alamak==
: Masjid Mukim Batu Gajah,&lt;br/&gt;Mukim Batu Gajah,&lt;br/&gt;Daerah [[Wp/mfa/Jèdok|Jedok]]&lt;br/&gt;17150 [[Wp/mfa/Tanoh Meroh|Tanah Merah]],&lt;br/&gt;[[Wp/mfa/Klatae|Kelantan Darul Naim]]

==Pentakbérae==
Ssejék Mukeng Batu Gajoh ado nombó pendaftarae yo. Nombó Pendaftarae: MY-03-TM-00301

[[Category:Wp/mfa]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304746</id>
      <parentid>7304744</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T13:53:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mirlim</username>
        <id>2598865</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304746</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="447" sha1="clufen3nwd2z6hz6hi6j02kj7h5iqjq" xml:space="preserve">'''Mesejék Mukéng Batu Gajoh''' ni ssejék kak Mukéng Batu Gajoh, Dèkroh Jèdok, 17150 Tanoh Meroh, Klatae.

==Alamak==
: Masjid Mukim Batu Gajah,&lt;br/&gt;Mukim Batu Gajah,&lt;br/&gt;Daerah [[Wp/mfa/Jèdok|Jedok]]&lt;br/&gt;17150 [[Wp/mfa/Tanoh Meroh|Tanah Merah]],&lt;br/&gt;[[Wp/mfa/Klatae|Kelantan Darul Naim]]

==Pentakbérae==
Ssejék Mukeng Batu Gajoh ado nombó pendaftarae yo. Nombó Pendaftarae: MY-03-TM-00301

[[Category:Wp/mfa]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q61101509}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/rki/အကြောတက်</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804232</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304787</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:08:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>အောင်သန်းလှ</username>
        <id>2629904</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} == အကြောတက်  === အသံထွက် === * {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/ʔt͡ɕɔ́tɛʔ/}}  === ကြိယာ === *{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}  === ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် === အကြောတိ တောင့်တင်းလို့ မခံရပ်နှိုင်ရေ ဝေဒနာကို ခံစားရရေ။  === အင်္ဂလိပ် === suffer stiffness in the neck or back  === ဗမ...&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="722" sha1="affa9y1gwxic85vzm4tch1rtm55p5y1" xml:space="preserve">== {{Wt/rki/=rki=}} ==
အကြောတက်

=== အသံထွက် ===
* {{Wt/rki/RKI_IPA|/ʔt͡ɕɔ́tɛʔ/}}

=== ကြိယာ ===
*{{Wt/rki/head|rki|ကြိယာ}}

=== ဖွင့်ဆိုချက် ===
အကြောတိ တောင့်တင်းလို့ မခံရပ်နှိုင်ရေ ဝေဒနာကို ခံစားရရေ။

=== အင်္ဂလိပ် ===
suffer stiffness in the neck or back

=== ဗမာ ===
အကြောများ တောင့်တင်း၍ မခံရပ်နိုင်သော ဝေဒနာကို ခံစားရသည်။

== ကိုးကား ==
* {{Template:Wt/rki/R:rki:WTV}}
[[Category:Wt/rki]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/mfa/User:Mirlim/kotok pasé</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804233</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304788</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:10:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mirlim</username>
        <id>2598865</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot; =Nok prilae &quot;makno asa&quot;= [[Wp/mfa/Badok brendae|sakgi]] [[Wp/mfa/Merck toch hoe sterck|la]] [[Wp/mfa/Kècèk_Èstoniya|tamboh]] {|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; | [[Wp/mfa/Tók koték|tók koték]].{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|khatib}} || [[Wp/mfa/Keteboh|Keteboh]] |- | [[Wp/mfa/Kècèk Cino Venèkulo|Kècèk Cino Venèkulo]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|Vernakular}} || [[Wp/mfa/Taiwae|Taiwae]] |- | [[Wp/mfa/Asiya Lék Tegaro Mariténg|Asiya Lék Tegaro Mariténg]].{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|Asia Tenggara Marit...&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="7263" sha1="oca9cxxr0m3cacnnezt7yu372pg5ubv" xml:space="preserve">
=Nok prilae &quot;makno asa&quot;=
[[Wp/mfa/Badok brendae|sakgi]] [[Wp/mfa/Merck toch hoe sterck|la]] [[Wp/mfa/Kècèk_Èstoniya|tamboh]]
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| [[Wp/mfa/Tók koték|tók koték]].{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|khatib}} || [[Wp/mfa/Keteboh|Keteboh]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Kècèk Cino Venèkulo|Kècèk Cino Venèkulo]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|Vernakular}} || [[Wp/mfa/Taiwae|Taiwae]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Asiya Lék Tegaro Mariténg|Asiya Lék Tegaro Mariténg]].{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|Asia Tenggara Maritim}} || [[Wp/mfa/Taiwae|Taiwae]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Kedutoae de facto|kedutoae nga konsulak{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|konsulat}} ''de facto'']] || [[Wp/mfa/Taiwae|Taiwae]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Petuwo|petuwo]].{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|fatwa}} || [[Wp/mfa/Mupeti|Mupeti]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Soh|soh]].{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|sos}} || [[Wp/mfa/Ubi stèlo|Ubi stèlo]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Kepitisae|kepitisae]],{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|kewangan}} || [[Wp/mfa/Pèrih|Pèrih]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Besi tepo|besi tepo]],{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|tempa}} || [[Wp/mfa/Menaro Eiffel|Menaro Eiffel]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Dèk prati|dèk prati]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|observation deck|link=https://prpm.dbp.gov.my/Cari1?keyword=dek+tinjau+observation+deck&amp;d=371752&amp;#LIHATSINI}} || [[Wp/mfa/Menaro Eiffel|Menaro Eiffel]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Lih|lih]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|lift}} || [[Wp/mfa/Menaro Eiffel|Menaro Eiffel]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Halebo|halebo]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|halba}} || [[Wp/mfa/Buté nako|Buté nako]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Proting|proting]].{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|protein}} || [[Wp/mfa/Teló|Teló]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Róng|róng]].{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|batas}} || [[Wp/mfa/Cok|Cok]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Moro|moro]],{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|muara}} || [[Wp/mfa/Selók|Selók]], [[Wp/mfa/Kapóng Jenók|Kapóng Jenók]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Jóng katóng|katóng]],{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|kartunis}} || [[Wp/mfa/Sudirman Arshad|Sudirman Arshad]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Grejo Lutereng Èstoniya|Lutereng]] {{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|Lutheranisme}} || [[Wp/mfa/Èstoniya|Èstoniya]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Pègenisma|pègeng]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|pagan}}  || [[Wp/mfa/Èstoniya|Èstoniya]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Kaji sètipik|kaji sètipik]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|saintifik}} || [[Wp/mfa/Bèloji|Bèloji]], [[Wp/mfa/Botani|Botani]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Sè (bèloji)|sè]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|sel}} || [[Wp/mfa/Bèloji|Bèloji]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Jèng|jèng]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|gen}} || [[Wp/mfa/Bèloji|Bèloji]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Homèyostasih|homèyostasih]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|homeostasis}} || [[Wp/mfa/Bèloji|Bèloji]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Sarjeng panji|sarjeng panji]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|colour sergeant|link=https://prpm.dbp.gov.my/Cari1?keyword=colour+sergeant&amp;d=382696&amp;#LIHATSINI}} || [[Wp/mfa/Adnan Saidi|Adnan Saidi]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Umbak Ibu Negaro Seoul|Umbak Ibu Negaro Seoul]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|Seoul Metropolitan Area}} || [[Wp/mfa/Korèya Lék Ulu|Korèya Lék Ulu]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Hèpokoté|hèpokoté]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|hipokotil}} || [[Wp/mfa/Kacae camboh|Kacae camboh]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Paehae ssamo|paehae ssamo]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|''mutually intelligible''}} || [[Wp/mfa/Kècèk Cino Kapóng|Kècèk Cino Kapóng]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Daóng kesóng|daóng kesóng]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|daun kesum}} || [[Wp/mfa/Laksae|Laksae]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Pensé|pènsé]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|pensel}} || [[Wp/mfa/Ggorèk|Ggorèk]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Halebae|kayu llebae]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|halban}} || [[Wp/mfa/Nangga|Nangga]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Kiyuk|kiyuk]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|kiub}} || [[Wp/mfa/Èwok|Èwok]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Baireh|baireh]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|virus}} || [[Wp/mfa/Bèksing|Bèksing]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Fiyuda|fiyuda]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|feudal}} || [[Wp/mfa/Bako rajo|Bako rajo]]
|-
| [[Wp/mfa/Ayak èktih|ayak èktih]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|ayat aktif}} || [[Wp/mfa/Ayak pèsih|Ayak pèsih]]
|-
| [[:w:ms:Konsonan hentian|hurók nnetuk]]{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|letupan}} || [[Wp/mfa/Wikipèdiya:Èjoae|Wikipèdiya:Èjoae]]
|}

=[[Wp/mfa/Hat Yai|Hat Yai]]=
{{Wp/mfa/Infobox settlement
| name = Hat Yai
| official_name = Banda Rayo Hat Yai&lt;br /&gt;{{Wp/mfa/Nobold|{{Wp/mfa/Lang|th|เทศบาลนครหาดใหญ่}}}}
| native_name = หาดใหญ่
| native_name_lang = th
| settlement_type = Umbak pebandarae{{Wp/mfa/Makno asa|Municipality}}
| image_seal = Seal of Hat Yai.png
| nickname =
| motto = 
| image_skyline = May 2025 - Hat Yai City Skyline view from Khao Kho Hong viewpoint.jpg
| image_size = 
| image_caption = Pemandaenge Hat Yai dari atah
| pushpin_map = Thailand
| pushpin_mapsize = 250
| pushpin_map_caption = Location Hat Yai in [[Wp/mfa/Thailand|Thailand]]
| pushpin_label_position = 
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[Wp/mfa/Thailand|Thailand]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Wp/mfa/Provinces of Thailand|Province]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Wp/mfa/Songkhla province|Songkhla]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Wp/mfa/List of districts of Thailand|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Wp/mfa/Hat Yai district|Hat Yai]]
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type = City Municipality
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Sakhorn Thongmunee
| established_title = Subdistrict&lt;br /&gt;municipality
| established_date = 10 December 1935
| established_title1 = Town&lt;br /&gt;municipality
| established_date1 = 16 March 1949
| established_title2 = City&lt;br /&gt;municipality
| established_date2 = 24 September 1995
| unit_pref = metric
| area_footnotes = 
| area_magnitude = 
| area_rank = 21st
| area_total_km2 = 21.00
| area_land_km2 = 20.50
| area_water_km2 = 0.50
| area_total_sq_mi = 8.20
| area_land_sq_mi = 8.00
| area_water_sq_mi = 0.20
| area_water_percent = 2.38
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m = 
| population_as_of = 2024
| population_rank = 4th in Thailand
| population_footnotes = &lt;ref name=&quot;TDD&quot;&gt;{{Wp/mfa/Cite web |url=http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/statnew/statTDD/ |title=รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ศ.2562 |date=31 December 2019 |department=Registration Office Department of the Interior, Ministry of the Interior |language=th |trans-title=Statistics, population and house statistics for the year 2019 |access-date=10 March 2020 |archive-date=June 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190614102009/http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/statnew/statTDD/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_note = 
| population_total = 191,696
| population_density_km2 = 9,128
| population_density_sq_mi = 
| coordinates = {{Wp/mfa/Coord|7|1|N|100|28|E|region:TH|display=inline,title}}
| timezone = [[Wp/mfa/UTC+07:00|ICT]]
| utc_offset = +7
| postal_code_type = [[Wp/mfa/Postal codes in Thailand|Postcode]]
| postal_code = 90110
| area_code_type = [[Wp/mfa/Telephone numbers in Thailand|Calling code]]
| area_code = 074
| blank_name = Airport
| blank_info = [[Wp/mfa/Hat Yai International Airport|IATA: HDY&lt;br /&gt;ICAO: VTSS]]
| website = [http://www.hatyaicity.go.th/frontpage/ hatyaicity.go.th]
| footnotes = 
| translit_lang1_info1 = 
| translit_lang1_type1 = 
| translit_lang1_info2 = {{Wp/mfa/Lang|zh-hans|合艾}} {{Wp/mfa/Font|size=70%|([[Wp/mfa/Simplified Chinese characters|Simplified]])}}
| translit_lang1_type2 = [[Wp/mfa/Chinese language|Chinese]]
| translit_lang1 = Other
| area_urban_km2 = 852.796
| area_urban_sq_mi = 329.266
| population_urban = 406,513
| population_urban_footnotes = (2024)
| population_metro = 650,000
}}

[[Category:Wp/mfa]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Template:Wp/pih/Mbox/doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804234</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304816</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T14:42:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Wp/pih/Documentation subpage}}&lt;/noinclude&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;ja&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''Mbox'''&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; stands for &quot;'''m'''essage '''box'''&quot;, a metatemplate with which namespace-sensitive messagebox templates can be implemented.  == Styles == Šablon imaje slědne stilje, ktore možno ustanoviti črěz parametr &lt;code lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;type&lt;/code&gt; s jednym iz značenij.  {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; |+ Stilje šablona ! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Barva ! scope=&quot;col&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Tip...&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="2037" sha1="glbnut9gmt9zr5oy3jb4qhp2xlljhni" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Wp/pih/Documentation subpage}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;ja&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''Mbox'''&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; stands for &quot;'''m'''essage '''box'''&quot;, a metatemplate with which namespace-sensitive messagebox templates can be implemented.

== Styles ==
Šablon imaje slědne stilje, ktore možno ustanoviti črěz parametr &lt;code lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;type&lt;/code&gt; s jednym iz značenij.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Stilje šablona
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Barva
! scope=&quot;col&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Tip (&lt;code lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;type&lt;/code&gt;)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Priblizny smysl
|-
| Črveny
| style=&quot;background: #d33;&quot; |
| &lt;code lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;destructive&lt;/code&gt;
| Najvažne poslańja, take kako &quot;brzo odstranjeńje članka&quot; ili &quot;tuty članok jest ohranjeny&quot;.
|-
| Oranževy
| style=&quot;background: #fc3;&quot; |
| &lt;code lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;informative&lt;/code&gt;
| Važne poslańja, take kako &quot;jest besěda ob oddaljeńju članka&quot; i najgorše grěšky članka (nenevtralnost, nemaje iztočnikov, originalno raziskyvanje i t. d.).
|-
| Modry
| style=&quot;background: #36c;&quot; |
| &lt;code lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;progressive&lt;/code&gt;
| Poslańja, ktore ne sut silno važne, take kako &quot;jest běseda o prěimenovańju članka&quot; ili nenajgorše grěšky v članku (pravopis, stilj i t. d.).
|-
| Zeleny
| style=&quot;background: #00af89;&quot; |
| &lt;code lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;constructive&lt;/code&gt;
| Pozitivne poslańja, take kako &quot;prosimo razširiti članok&quot; i &quot;prosimo dodati obraz&quot;.
|-
| Sěry
| style=&quot;background: #c8ccd1;&quot; |
| ''standardno značeńje''
| Nevtralne poslańja bez prědnosti. Jestli to jest možlivo, koristajte iny tip.
|}

== Upotrěba ==
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
{{Poslanje
| type = 
| file = 
| title = 
| description = 
| comment = 
}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Ikony ===
Vy možete kako ikonu upotrěbiti kakykoli fajl iz Commons. Poka vy ne věte, kake ikony vy byste mogli upotrěbiti, možlivo vy možete obgleděti tuty Commons kategorije:

* [[commons:Category:OOUI icons|«OOUI icons»]] – prěporučeno dlja stilov šablona
* [[commons:Category:Ambox SVG icons|«Ambox SVG icons»]] – ne prěporučeno, ale možno</text>
      <sha1>glbnut9gmt9zr5oy3jb4qhp2xlljhni</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304872</id>
      <parentid>7304816</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:41:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304872</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2587" sha1="bs7keiy4ump8ly4lezffesrb26iaud8" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Wp/pih/Documentation subpage}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{Wp/pih/Uses TemplateStyles|[[Template:Wp/pih/Mbox/styles.css]]}}
&lt;span lang=&quot;ja&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;'''Mbox'''&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; stands for &quot;'''m'''essage '''box'''&quot;, a metatemplate with which namespace-sensitive messagebox templates can be implemented.&lt;/span&gt;

== Styles ==
&lt;span lang=&quot;ja&quot;&gt;The template has the following styles, which can be set using the &lt;code lang=&quot;ja&quot;&gt;type&lt;/code&gt; parameter with one of the following values.&lt;/span&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; lang=&quot;ja&quot;
|+ TemplateStyles
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Colour
! scope=&quot;col&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot; | Type (&lt;code lang=&quot;ja&quot;&gt;type&lt;/code&gt;)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Usage
|-
| Red
| style=&quot;background: #d33;&quot; |
| &lt;code lang=&quot;ja&quot;&gt;destructive&lt;/code&gt;
| The most important messages, such as &quot;quickly remove the article&quot; or &quot;this article is saved&quot;.
|-
| Orange
| style=&quot;background: #fc3;&quot; |
| &lt;code lang=&quot;ja&quot;&gt;informative&lt;/code&gt;
| Important messages, such as &quot;more citations needed&quot; and the worst mistakes of the article (non-neutrality, lack of sources, original research, etc.).
|-
| Blue
| style=&quot;background: #36c;&quot; |
| &lt;code lang=&quot;ja&quot;&gt;progressive&lt;/code&gt;
| Messages that are not very important, such as &quot;there is a discussion about renaming the article&quot; or minor errors in the article (spelling, style, etc.).
|-
| Green
| style=&quot;background: #00af89;&quot; |
| &lt;code lang=&quot;ja&quot;&gt;constructive&lt;/code&gt;
| Positive messages, such as &quot;please expand the article&quot; and &quot;please add a translation&quot;.
|-
| Grey
| style=&quot;background: #c8ccd1;&quot; |
| ''Default''
| Neutral missions without advantage. If possible, use another type.
|}

== Usage ==
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
{{Wp/pih/Mbox
| type = 
| file = 
| title = 
| description = 
| comment = 
}}
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

=== Icons ===
&lt;span lang=&quot;ja&quot;&gt;You can use any file from Commons as an icon. Until you know what icons you might need, you might want to look at these Commons categories:-&lt;/span&gt;

* &lt;span lang=&quot;ja&quot;&gt;[[commons:Category:OOUI icons|«OOUI icons»]] – recommended length of TemplateStyles.&lt;/span&gt;
* &lt;span lang=&quot;ja&quot;&gt;[[commons:Category:Ambox SVG icons|«Ambox SVG icons»]] – not recommended, but acceptable.&lt;/span&gt;

=== Example ===
{{Wp/pih/Mbox
| title = the name of the template
| type  = progressive
| file = OOjs UI icon articleRedirect-rtl.svg
| description = should be something else
| comment = like Torkbox?
}}
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot;&gt;
{{Wp/pih/Mbox
| title = the name of the template
| type  = progressive
| file = OOjs UI icon articleRedirect-rtl.svg
| description = should be something else
| comment = like Torkbox?
}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;</text>
      <sha1>bs7keiy4ump8ly4lezffesrb26iaud8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Category:Wq/pa/ਆਸਟਰੇਲੀਆ ਦੇ ਸਾਹਿਤਕ ਆਲੋਚਕ</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>3804235</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304846</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:01:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;[[Category:Wq/pa/ਆਲੋਚਕ]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7304846</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="34" sha1="ss3jdmhg3gub9t0tnicocn7t6do14s5" xml:space="preserve">[[Category:Wq/pa/ਆਲੋਚਕ]]</text>
      <sha1>ss3jdmhg3gub9t0tnicocn7t6do14s5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Category:Wq/pa/ਆਲੋਚਕ</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>3804236</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304848</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:02:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;[[Category:Wq/pa/ਆਲੋਚਨਾ]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7304848</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="37" sha1="ms9xlzpt4odnwfbuyx7n17inop1kfsv" xml:space="preserve">[[Category:Wq/pa/ਆਲੋਚਨਾ]]</text>
      <sha1>ms9xlzpt4odnwfbuyx7n17inop1kfsv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Category:Wq/pa/ਆਲੋਚਨਾ</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>3804237</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304856</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:07:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;[[Category:Wq/pa/ਵਿਚਾਰ]] [[Category:Wq/pa/ਵਿਮਰਸ਼]] [[Category:Wq/pa/ਤਰਕ-ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7304856</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="120" sha1="5jyvrepztkbhbne4h0svpmndtngcaro" xml:space="preserve">[[Category:Wq/pa/ਵਿਚਾਰ]]
[[Category:Wq/pa/ਵਿਮਰਸ਼]]
[[Category:Wq/pa/ਤਰਕ-ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ]]</text>
      <sha1>5jyvrepztkbhbne4h0svpmndtngcaro</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Category:Wq/pa/ਤਰਕ-ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>3804238</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304858</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:09:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;[[Category:Wq/pa/ਦਰਸ਼ਨ-ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7304858</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="53" sha1="bsa6g3er0u2wglx5iwtfnee40q8yvw0" xml:space="preserve">[[Category:Wq/pa/ਦਰਸ਼ਨ-ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ]]</text>
      <sha1>bsa6g3er0u2wglx5iwtfnee40q8yvw0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Category:Wq/pa/ਦਰਸ਼ਨ-ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>3804239</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304861</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:12:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;[[Category:Wq/pa/ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਵਿਸ਼ੇ]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7304861</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="53" sha1="bqetvgf24c74yoitml7m2vs2pxbx16s" xml:space="preserve">[[Category:Wq/pa/ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਵਿਸ਼ੇ]]</text>
      <sha1>bqetvgf24c74yoitml7m2vs2pxbx16s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Category:Wq/pa/ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਵਿਸ਼ੇ</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>3804240</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304863</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:13:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;[[Category:Wq/pa/ਵਿਸ਼ਾ-ਖੇਤਰ]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7304863</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="47" sha1="089m9h49ma207t6xuiaiwr4zxhhtvhs" xml:space="preserve">[[Category:Wq/pa/ਵਿਸ਼ਾ-ਖੇਤਰ]]</text>
      <sha1>089m9h49ma207t6xuiaiwr4zxhhtvhs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Category:Wq/pa/ਵਿਸ਼ਾ-ਖੇਤਰ</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>3804241</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304865</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:15:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;[[Category:Wq/pa/ਮੂਲ]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7304865</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28" sha1="nmmyjra21j7omcf7vf6125y28lgev5n" xml:space="preserve">[[Category:Wq/pa/ਮੂਲ]]</text>
      <sha1>nmmyjra21j7omcf7vf6125y28lgev5n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Category:Wq/pa/ਮੂਲ</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>3804242</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304867</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:15:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created blank page</comment>
      <origin>7304867</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="0" sha1="phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1" />
      <sha1>phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Wt/cbk-zam/rima</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804243</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304871</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:36:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-rhyme&quot;&gt;Rimas: -{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|, -{{{2}}}}}{{#if:{{{3|}}}|, -{{{3}}}}}{{#if:{{{4|}}}|, -{{{4}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!-- --&gt;{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||&lt;!-- --&gt;[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]&lt;!-- --&gt;{{#if:{{{2|}}}|Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{2}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}}...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7304871</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="889" sha1="i2q9k7aq0fklb2xy1pplz2xqfq9sjzt" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-rhyme&quot;&gt;Rimas: -{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|, -{{{2}}}}}{{#if:{{{3|}}}|, -{{{3}}}}}{{#if:{{{4|}}}|, -{{{4}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||&lt;!--
--&gt;[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{2|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{2}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{3|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{3}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{4|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{4}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}&lt;!--
--&gt;}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>i2q9k7aq0fklb2xy1pplz2xqfq9sjzt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304973</id>
      <parentid>7304871</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:33:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304973</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="933" sha1="6l0urqc3t6q023plpxoiuajkxmgndm5" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-rhyme&quot;&gt;Rimas: -{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|, -{{{2}}}}}{{#if:{{{3|}}}|, -{{{3}}}}}{{#if:{{{4|}}}|, -{{{4}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||&lt;!--
--&gt;[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{2|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{2}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{3|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{3}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{4|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{4}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}&lt;!--
--&gt;}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>6l0urqc3t6q023plpxoiuajkxmgndm5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304992</id>
      <parentid>7304973</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:51:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304992</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="932" sha1="lh9fbytr0pxwwl9zq2cnua255wbuqv3" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-rhyme&quot;&gt;'''Rimas:''' -{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|, -{{{2}}}}}{{#if:{{{3|}}}|, -{{{3}}}}}{{#if:{{{4|}}}|, -{{{4}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;
{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||&lt;!--
--&gt;[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{2|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{2}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{3|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{3}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{4|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{4}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}&lt;!--
--&gt;}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>lh9fbytr0pxwwl9zq2cnua255wbuqv3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305001</id>
      <parentid>7304992</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:59:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305001</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="966" sha1="ghd50sa80x7no477o3qxhoz6ugmuc76" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-rhyme&quot;&gt;{{#ifeq|{{lc:{{{cat|}}}}}|yes|{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||&lt;!--
--&gt;[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{2|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{2}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{3|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{3}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{4|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{4}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}&lt;!--
--&gt;}}|
'''Rimas:''' -{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|, -{{{2}}}}}{{#if:{{{3|}}}|, -{{{3}}}}}{{#if:{{{4|}}}|, -{{{4}}}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ghd50sa80x7no477o3qxhoz6ugmuc76</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305005</id>
      <parentid>7305001</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:03:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305005</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="930" sha1="4kffanaeh18qv9merd5pvzjdujmrh76" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;lema-rhyme&quot;&gt;{{#ifeq|{{lc:{{{cat|}}}}}|yes|{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]
{{#if:{{{2|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{2}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}
{{#if:{{{3|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{3}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}
{{#if:{{{4|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{4}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}}}| '''Rimas:''' -{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|, -{{{2}}}}}{{#if:{{{3|}}}|, -{{{3}}}}}{{#if:{{{4|}}}|, -{{{4}}}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>4kffanaeh18qv9merd5pvzjdujmrh76</sha1>
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[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]
{{#if:{{{2|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{2}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}
{{#if:{{{3|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{3}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}
{{#if:{{{4|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{4}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}}}|
'''Rimas:''' -{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|, -{{{2}}}}}{{#if:{{{3|}}}|, -{{{3}}}}}{{#if:{{{4|}}}|, -{{{4}}}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;
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        <id>2603453</id>
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[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]
{{#if:{{{2|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{2}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}
{{#if:{{{3|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{3}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}
{{#if:{{{4|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{4}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}}}|
&lt;span class=&quot;lema-rhyme&quot;&gt;'''Rimas:''' -{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|, -{{{2}}}}}{{#if:{{{3|}}}|, -{{{3}}}}}{{#if:{{{4|}}}|, -{{{4}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:09:39Z</timestamp>
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        <id>2603453</id>
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[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]
{{#if:{{{2|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{2}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}
{{#if:{{{3|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{3}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}
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&lt;span class=&quot;lema-rhyme&quot;&gt;'''Rimas:''' -{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|, -{{{2}}}}}{{#if:{{{3|}}}|, -{{{3}}}}}{{#if:{{{4|}}}|, -{{{4}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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        <id>2603453</id>
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--&gt;{{#if:{{NAMESPACE}}||
[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{1}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]
{{#if:{{{2|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{2}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}
{{#if:{{{3|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{3}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}
{{#if:{{{4|}}}|[[Category:Wt/cbk-zam/Rimas:{{Wt/cbk-zam/lang-info|{{{lenguaje|cbk}}}|req=cat}}/{{{4}}}{{#if:{{{silabas|{{{sil|}}}}}}|/{{{silabas|{{{sil}}}}}} silabas}}]]}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>User talk:TaireCo</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>3804244</id>
    <redirect title="User talk:Duvcote" />
    <revision>
      <id>7304875</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T15:57:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Deepfriedokra</username>
        <id>2529432</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Deepfriedokra moved page [[User talk:TaireCo]] to [[User talk:Duvcote]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/TaireCo|TaireCo]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Duvcote|Duvcote]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="31" sha1="hlcpvi29lq2zwirwty419ixuhgtg6ch" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[User talk:Duvcote]]</text>
      <sha1>hlcpvi29lq2zwirwty419ixuhgtg6ch</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/xuxur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804245</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304888</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:26:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;== manju gisun (黑河满语) ==  === mudan ===  *[[Wp/mnc/manju gisun|manju gisun]]:  **([[Wp/mnc/sahaliyan ula (hoton)|sahaliyan ula]]) IPA: /xuxur/  === cohotoi gebsun ===  # 大五家子. toksoi gebu, [[Wt/mnc/dulimbai gurun|dulimbai gurun]] -i [[Wt/mnc/sahaliyan ula golo|sahaliyan ula golo]]i [[:zh:黑河市|黑河市]] -i [[:zh:爱辉区|爱辉区]] de bi.  == aisilara bithe cagan == &lt;references /&gt; 王娣. 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔...&quot;</comment>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="588" sha1="6kuh40i9q85mu48hfzgmu14ardifold" xml:space="preserve">== manju gisun (黑河满语) ==

=== mudan === 
*[[Wp/mnc/manju gisun|manju gisun]]: 
**([[Wp/mnc/sahaliyan ula (hoton)|sahaliyan ula]]) IPA: /xuxur/

=== cohotoi gebsun === 
# 大五家子. toksoi gebu, [[Wt/mnc/dulimbai gurun|dulimbai gurun]] -i [[Wt/mnc/sahaliyan ula golo|sahaliyan ula golo]]i [[:zh:黑河市|黑河市]] -i [[:zh:爱辉区|爱辉区]] de bi.

== aisilara bithe cagan ==
&lt;references /&gt;
王娣. 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学出版社: 2021: 265. ISBN: 978-7-5661-3324-3.

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun]]</text>
      <sha1>6kuh40i9q85mu48hfzgmu14ardifold</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304890</id>
      <parentid>7304888</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:27:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7304890</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="548" sha1="84r5kkaqp3p3impqmzvu3in8tvhwb8r" xml:space="preserve">== manju gisun (黑河满语) ==

=== mudan === 
*[[Wp/mnc/manju gisun|manju gisun]]: 
**(黑河) IPA: /xuxur/

=== cohotoi gebsun === 
# 大五家子. toksoi gebu, [[Wt/mnc/dulimbai gurun|dulimbai gurun]] -i [[Wt/mnc/sahaliyan ula golo|sahaliyan ula golo]]i [[:zh:黑河市|黑河市]] -i [[:zh:爱辉区|爱辉区]] de bi.

== aisilara bithe cagan ==
&lt;references /&gt;
王娣. 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学出版社: 2021: 265. ISBN: 978-7-5661-3324-3.

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wt/mnc/ɛxoto</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804246</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304891</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:28:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MiiCii</username>
        <id>2522943</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;== manju gisun (黑河满语) ==  === mudan ===  *[[Wp/mnc/manju gisun|manju gisun]]:  **(黑河) IPA: /ɛxoto/  === cohotoi gebsun ===  # 爱辉. [[Wt/mnc/dulimbai gurun|dulimbai gurun]] -i [[Wt/mnc/sahaliyan ula golo|sahaliyan ula golo]]i [[:zh:黑河市|黑河市]] de bi.  == aisilara bithe cagan == &lt;references /&gt; 王娣. 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学出版社: 2021: 265. ISBN: 978-7-5661-3324-3.  [[Category:Wt/mnc]] Categ...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7304891</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="499" sha1="eblvgh433yzyqaj5rsui7pbbtuegmet" xml:space="preserve">== manju gisun (黑河满语) ==

=== mudan === 
*[[Wp/mnc/manju gisun|manju gisun]]: 
**(黑河) IPA: /ɛxoto/

=== cohotoi gebsun === 
# 爱辉. [[Wt/mnc/dulimbai gurun|dulimbai gurun]] -i [[Wt/mnc/sahaliyan ula golo|sahaliyan ula golo]]i [[:zh:黑河市|黑河市]] de bi.

== aisilara bithe cagan ==
&lt;references /&gt;
王娣. 黑河地区满语元音实验研究[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学出版社: 2021: 265. ISBN: 978-7-5661-3324-3.

[[Category:Wt/mnc]]
[[Category:Wt/mnc/manju gisun]]</text>
      <sha1>eblvgh433yzyqaj5rsui7pbbtuegmet</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Wq/pa/'ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਦਿਆਂ ਦਿਲ ਆਪਣਾ ਮੈਂ' ਲੇਖਕ ਵੀ.ਏ. ਸੁਖੋਮਲਿੰਸਕੀ ਅਨੁਵਾਦਕ ਪ੍ਰੀਤਮ ਸਿੰਘ ਮਨਚੰਦਾ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804247</id>
    <redirect title="Wq/pa/ਵਾਸੀਲੀ ਸੁਖੋਮਲਿੰਸਕੀ" />
    <revision>
      <id>7304894</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:34:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Mulkh Singh moved page [[Wq/pa/'ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਦਿਆਂ ਦਿਲ ਆਪਣਾ ਮੈਂ' ਲੇਖਕ ਵੀ.ਏ. ਸੁਖੋਮਲਿੰਸਕੀ ਅਨੁਵਾਦਕ ਪ੍ਰੀਤਮ ਸਿੰਘ ਮਨਚੰਦਾ]] to [[Wq/pa/ਵਾਸੀਲੀ ਸੁਖੋਮਲਿੰਸਕੀ]]: Misspelled title</comment>
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      <text bytes="72" sha1="bpz0ty5j64o7qcfliwjjg962xev0cwh" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Wq/pa/ਵਾਸੀਲੀ ਸੁਖੋਮਲਿੰਸਕੀ]]</text>
      <sha1>bpz0ty5j64o7qcfliwjjg962xev0cwh</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/mrt/Tafawa Balewa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804248</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304895</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:34:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Galdiz</username>
        <id>2568250</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Tafawa Balewa vanyi mulmu o bar nu shidar pichi nu Bauchi o arewa Nigeria. Huda mulmauni chan o go Tafawa Balewa, ama kiji ma'i ni ando mulmu Bununu ar fa 2011 ara njiyo vir jiba nda. Labaru  Tafawa Balewa kau ji uya  tlumau o nya mutlu nu Bora: &quot;Tafati&quot; (tsuka) ana Baleri (kiyakiyaru).  [[Category:Wp/mrt]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="308" sha1="id4qgdsef544ki6032y2ovz04mbqekx" xml:space="preserve">Tafawa Balewa vanyi mulmu o bar nu shidar pichi nu Bauchi o arewa Nigeria. Huda mulmauni chan o go Tafawa Balewa, ama kiji ma'i ni ando mulmu Bununu ar fa 2011 ara njiyo vir jiba nda.
Labaru 
Tafawa Balewa kau ji uya  tlumau o nya mutlu nu Bora: &quot;Tafati&quot; (tsuka) ana Baleri (kiyakiyaru).

[[Category:Wp/mrt]]</text>
      <sha1>id4qgdsef544ki6032y2ovz04mbqekx</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304897</id>
      <parentid>7304895</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:34:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Galdiz</username>
        <id>2568250</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>7304897</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="327" sha1="tp05ymrkh4j6l4d2yve6shelh930cmd" xml:space="preserve">'''Tafawa Balewa'''Tafawa Balewa vanyi mulmu o bar nu shidar pichi nu Bauchi o arewa Nigeria. Huda mulmauni chan o go Tafawa Balewa, ama kiji ma'i ni ando mulmu Bununu ar fa 2011 ara njiyo vir jiba nda.
Labaru 
Tafawa Balewa kau ji uya  tlumau o nya mutlu nu Bora: &quot;Tafati&quot; (tsuka) ana Baleri (kiyakiyaru).

[[Category:Wp/mrt]]</text>
      <sha1>tp05ymrkh4j6l4d2yve6shelh930cmd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304898</id>
      <parentid>7304897</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:35:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Galdiz</username>
        <id>2568250</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>7304898</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="314" sha1="li1n4dag9mxrwuvgkwyoj9lzyt8p5kc" xml:space="preserve">'''Tafawa Balewa''' vanyi mulmu o bar nu shidar pichi nu Bauchi o arewa Nigeria. Huda mulmauni chan o go Tafawa Balewa, ama kiji ma'i ni ando mulmu Bununu ar fa 2011 ara njiyo vir jiba nda.
Labaru 
Tafawa Balewa kau ji uya  tlumau o nya mutlu nu Bora: &quot;Tafati&quot; (tsuka) ana Baleri (kiyakiyaru).

[[Category:Wp/mrt]]</text>
      <sha1>li1n4dag9mxrwuvgkwyoj9lzyt8p5kc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304900</id>
      <parentid>7304898</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:36:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Galdiz</username>
        <id>2568250</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q7674928]]</comment>
      <origin>7304900</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="338" sha1="o5tkyavej0tzxkfqaguxagleevew8hu" xml:space="preserve">'''Tafawa Balewa''' vanyi mulmu o bar nu shidar pichi nu Bauchi o arewa Nigeria. Huda mulmauni chan o go Tafawa Balewa, ama kiji ma'i ni ando mulmu Bununu ar fa 2011 ara njiyo vir jiba nda.
Labaru 
Tafawa Balewa kau ji uya  tlumau o nya mutlu nu Bora: &quot;Tafati&quot; (tsuka) ana Baleri (kiyakiyaru).

[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q7674928}}</text>
      <sha1>o5tkyavej0tzxkfqaguxagleevew8hu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7304901</id>
      <parentid>7304900</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T16:37:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Galdiz</username>
        <id>2568250</id>
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      <origin>7304901</origin>
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      <text bytes="339" sha1="rtaitygbqnayhgqbnt5jz864ncwnobl" xml:space="preserve">'''Tafawa Balewa''' vanyi mulmu o bar nu shidar pichi nu Bauchi o arewa Najeriya. Huda mulmauni chan o go Tafawa Balewa, ama kiji ma'i ni ando mulmu Bununu ar fa 2011 ara njiyo vir jiba nda.
Labaru 
Tafawa Balewa kau ji uya  tlumau o nya mutlu nu Bora: &quot;Tafati&quot; (tsuka) ana Baleri (kiyakiyaru).

[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q7674928}}</text>
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'''Tafawa Balewa''' vanyi mulmu o bar nu shidar pichi nu Bauchi o arewa Najeriya. Huda mulmauni chan o go Tafawa Balewa, ama kiji ma'i ni ando mulmu Bununu ar fa 2011 ara njiyo vir jiba nda.
Labaru 
Tafawa Balewa kau ji uya  tlumau o nya mutlu nu Bora: &quot;Tafati&quot; (tsuka) ana Baleri (kiyakiyaru).

[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

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      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Wp/acm/PersonInfo|qid=Q5639013}} '''حيدر جواد كاظم العبادي''' (مواليد [[Wp/apc/25 نيسان|25 نيسان]] 1952 -)، هوه [[Wp/acm/سياسي|سياسي]] ومهندس كهربائي [[Wp/acm/عراقي|عراقي]]، لزم منصب رئيس الوزراء بالعراق من [[Wp/acm/8 ايلول|8 أيلول]] 2014 لحد [[Wp/acm/25 تشرين الاول|25 تشرين الأول]] 2018. چان من الشخصيات البارزة بحز...&quot;</comment>
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'''حيدر جواد كاظم العبادي''' (مواليد [[Wp/apc/25 نيسان|25 نيسان]] 1952 -)، هوه [[Wp/acm/سياسي|سياسي]] ومهندس كهربائي [[Wp/acm/عراقي|عراقي]]، لزم منصب رئيس الوزراء بالعراق من [[Wp/acm/8 ايلول|8 أيلول]] 2014 لحد [[Wp/acm/25 تشرين الاول|25 تشرين الأول]] 2018. چان من الشخصيات البارزة بحزب الدعوة الإسلامية، قبل لا يعلن انسحابه من الحزب، وبعدها صار رئيس لتحالف النصر.

==أصله وأهله==
حيدر العبادي أصله يرجع لعشيرة عبادة.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220412190745/https://kitabat.com/2014/11/06/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89/ &quot;الدكتور حيدر العبادي من ولاء الوطن الى ولاء العشيرة , موقع كتابات - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt; وهوه متزوج من ثنتين؛ الأولى كنيتها أم يُسر. والكاتب هادي حسن عليوي گال إنو أخ [[Wp/acm/مصطفى الكاظمي|مصطفى الكاظمي]]، واسمه صباح، متزوج من أخت زوجة حيدر العبادي أم يُسر.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220412184222/https://kitabat.com/2020/04/10/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B8%D9%85%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%83%D9%84%D9%81-%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%A8-%D8%B1/ &quot;سيرة حياة مصطفى الكاظمي.. المكلف لمنصب رئيس الوزراء لــ الكاتب / هادي حسن عليوي, موقع كتابات - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt; أما الثانية، فاسمها سارة خالد الفهداوي الدليمي. أبوها خالد سليمان الفهداوي، وهوه كاتب إسلامي سني،&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210518131819/https://wasatyea.net/ar/content/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%AE%D9%80%D9%80%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%80%D8%AF-%D8%B3%D9%80%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%80%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A &quot;نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt; وانقتل بتفجير صار بأحد جوامع بغداد. وعم سارة هوه محمد سليمان الفهداوي، واللي حيدر العبادي عيّنه مدير عام للاضرحة والمراقد السنية بيوم 17 تموز سنة 2018.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220412190918/https://kitabat.com/2018/09/29/%D9%85%D9%8F%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84/ &quot;مُدير عام دائرة الأضرحة والمقامات والمراقد السُّنيَّة العامّة “عمّ ضرّة ” اُمّ يُسر العبادي لــ الكاتب / محسن ظافر آل غريب - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

==الدراسة==
حيدر العبادي كمل الابتدائية والمتوسطة والإعدادية ببغداد. وبسنة 1975،&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aljazeera.net/news/2014/8/11/%d8%b1%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a &quot;حيدر العبادي | الجزيرة.نت &quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt; أخذ شهادة البكالوريوس من الجامعة التكنولوجية ببغداد، من قسم الهندسة الكهربائية. وببداية السبعينات، طلع من العراق وراح لبريطانيا حتى يكمل دراسته. وهناك أخذ الماجستير سنة 1977، وبعدها الدكتوراه سنة 1980 من جامعة مانشستر البريطانية، بتخصص الهندسة الكهربائية. وبقى بلندن من ذاك الوكت لحد سنة 2003، ومن بعدها رجع للعراق.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/arabic/middleeast/2014/08/140811_iraq_ibadi_pm &quot;من هو حيدر العبادي المكلف برئاسة الوزراء في العراق؟ - BBC News عربي&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

==مسيرته بحزب الدعوة==
صدر كرّاساً يشرح بيه مسيرته «الجهادية» وي [[Wp/acm/حزب الدعوة الإسلامية|حزب الدعوة الإسلامية]]، ضمن حملته للدعاية الانتخابية الحزبية، ذكر بيه أنو هوه انتمى لحزب الدعوة سنة 1967. وچان عمره بوكتها خمطعش سنة. واختاروه مسؤول لتنظيمات الحزب بأبريطانيا سنة 1977. وحصل على عضوية القيادة التنفيذية للحزب سنة 1979.

وبسنة 1980 اختار مسؤول لمكتب الشرق الأوسط للحزب، الي چان مقره ببيروت، لكنه بقى يدير المكتب من لندن، وهذا الشيء خلا اشكالات داخل الحزب أدت لاستبداله، وسنة 1983م قرّرَ مجلس قيادة الثورة سحب جنسية حيدر العبادي، وأطوها إله مرة ثانية بعد الاحتلال الأمريكي للعراق سنة 2003.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220419171033/https://www.alaraby.co.uk/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1 &quot;حيدر العبادي: العراقي المسلوب الجنسية رئيساً للوزاء - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

سمى حزب الدعوة العبادي متحدث باسمه، بس هوه ما يظهر بالإعلام، إلا شوية.

انسحب العبادي من جميع مواقعه بحزب الدعوة سنة 2019 ودعا بأنسحابه لمراجعة النقدية والتجديد بالخطاب والهيكلة للي يعانيه الحزب من انقسامات چبيرة.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aljazeera.net/politics/2019/6/5/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%ad%d8%a8-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a8%d9%87-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9 &quot;لهذه الأسباب.. انسحب العبادي من مناصبه القيادية بحزب الدعوة | الجزيرة نت&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

==بعد الغزو الأمريكي سنة 2003==
بوكت مبسيرته بلعراق من سنة 2003. تسلّم منصب وزير الاتصالات بلحكومة الانتقالية الي ترأسها إياد علاوي، وراها صار نائب بالبرلمان سنة 2005.

ترأس لجنة الاقتصاد والاستثمار النيابية بالبرلمان سنة 2005. واللجنة المالية بالبرلمان عام 2010، وواجه چم صراعات عسكرية بخصوص موازنة البلد المالية لسنة 2013.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20190422074133/https://www.alweeam.com.sa/285998/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9/ &quot;حيدر العبادي: العراقي المسلوب الجنسية رئيساً للوزراء | صحيفة الوئام الالكترونية - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt; حتى يصير بعدها رئيس للوزراء من سنة 2014 حتى سنة 2018.

==رئاسته للحكومة==
سنة 2006، چان اسم حيدر العبادي من بين الأسماء اللي حزب الدعوة چان يفكر بيها حتى يخلوه رئيس للحكومة، بوكت چانوا يريدون يبدلون إبراهيم الجعفري. وبعدها سنة 2010،&lt;ref&gt;[https://hathalyoum.net/articles/369658-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%87%D9%88-%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1- &quot;من هو حيدر العبادي؟ | هذا اليوم&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt; رجع اسم العبادي ينطرح من جديد، من چانت المفاوضات والحچي داير على منو راح يصير رئيس الحكومة ومنو راح يدخل وياهم بالحكومة. وبعد انتخابات 2014، صار العبادي نائب لرئيس مجلس النواب العراقي. وبيوم 11 آب 2014، التحالف الوطني ورئيس الجمهورية فؤاد معصوم سمّوا العبادي حتى يشكّل الحكومة ويصير رئيسها بدل نوري المالكي، اللي چان رئيس ائتلاف دولة القانون. المالكي بالبداية ما وافق على هالشي، وراح للمحكمة الاتحادية وگال إنو هوه الأحق يصير رئيس الحكومة، لأن ائتلافه هوه اللي طلع بالانتخابات بأكبر عدد من المقاعد. وبعدها بچم يوم، المالكي تراجع عن الموضوع ورضى إنو العبادي يصير رئيس للحكومة، وسحب القضية اللي چان مقدمها للمحكمة الاتحادية. وبالقضية چان يتهم الرئيس فؤاد معصوم إنو خالف الدستور من اختار العبادي حتى يشكّل الحكومة.

* بيوم 8 أيلول 2014، وقبل لا تخلص المدة الدستورية بيومين، مجلس النواب وافق على حكومة العبادي وعطاها الثقة.

* وبيوم 9 آب 2015، العبادي طلع بقرارات وتغييرات بالحكومة، ومن أهمها إنو لغى مناصب نواب رئيس الجمهورية، اللي چانو نوري المالكي وأسامة النجيفي وإياد علاوي، وهم لغى مناصب نواب رئيس الحكومة، اللي چانو بهاء الأعرجي وصالح المطلك وروز نوري شاويس. وهاي القرارات إجت من ورا المظاهرات والاحتجاجات الشعبية اللي چانت صايرة بهذيچ الفترة، ومجلس الوزراء وافق عليها.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20180930092401/http://www.aljazeera.net/news/arabic/2015/8/9/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%B1-%D8%A5%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A &quot;مجلس الوزراء يقر إصلاحات عبادي - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

* وبعد ما ظلت المظاهرات والاحتجاجات تقريبًا سنة، العبادي قرر بنيسان 2016 يسوي حكومة جديدة، ويجيب بيها ناس مختصين وعدهم خبرة، ويختار ناس مستقلين مو تابعين للأحزاب، بس خلّى إبراهيم الجعفري بمكانه وزير للخارجية.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20170517122341/https://www.alhurra.com/a/iraq-new-cabinet/302052.html &quot;حكومة التكنوقراط العراقية.. البرلمان يرجئ التصويت إلى الخميس - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

==الجوائز والأوسمة==
مجلة فورين بوليسي الأميركية اختارت حيدر العبادي ضمن أبرز المفكرين بالعالم بسنة 2017، وكاتب التقرير گال إنو العبادي گدر يلمّ العراق ويرجّعه موحّد مثل ما چان.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200323174541/https://2017globalthinkers.foreignpolicy.com/2017/profile/haider-al-abadi?43a6f5eea1=&amp;3fa4cfa909=&amp;1fea5800af= &quot;Global Thinkers 2017 - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

== المصادر ==

&lt;references /&gt;

== وصلات برا ==

* [https://www.munzinger.de/register/portrait/biographien/-/00/00000030085 حيدر العبادي] على موقع مونزينجر &lt;small&gt;('''الألمانية''')&lt;/small&gt;

[[Category:Wp/acm]]</text>
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      <comment>مخلي روابط انترويكي ل[[d:Q5639013]]</comment>
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'''حيدر جواد كاظم العبادي''' (مواليد [[Wp/apc/25 نيسان|25 نيسان]] 1952 -)، هوه [[Wp/acm/سياسي|سياسي]] ومهندس كهربائي [[Wp/acm/عراقي|عراقي]]، لزم منصب رئيس الوزراء بالعراق من [[Wp/acm/8 ايلول|8 أيلول]] 2014 لحد [[Wp/acm/25 تشرين الاول|25 تشرين الأول]] 2018. چان من الشخصيات البارزة بحزب الدعوة الإسلامية، قبل لا يعلن انسحابه من الحزب، وبعدها صار رئيس لتحالف النصر.

==أصله وأهله==
حيدر العبادي أصله يرجع لعشيرة عبادة.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220412190745/https://kitabat.com/2014/11/06/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89/ &quot;الدكتور حيدر العبادي من ولاء الوطن الى ولاء العشيرة , موقع كتابات - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt; وهوه متزوج من ثنتين؛ الأولى كنيتها أم يُسر. والكاتب هادي حسن عليوي گال إنو أخ [[Wp/acm/مصطفى الكاظمي|مصطفى الكاظمي]]، واسمه صباح، متزوج من أخت زوجة حيدر العبادي أم يُسر.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220412184222/https://kitabat.com/2020/04/10/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B8%D9%85%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%83%D9%84%D9%81-%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%A8-%D8%B1/ &quot;سيرة حياة مصطفى الكاظمي.. المكلف لمنصب رئيس الوزراء لــ الكاتب / هادي حسن عليوي, موقع كتابات - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt; أما الثانية، فاسمها سارة خالد الفهداوي الدليمي. أبوها خالد سليمان الفهداوي، وهوه كاتب إسلامي سني،&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210518131819/https://wasatyea.net/ar/content/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%AE%D9%80%D9%80%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%80%D8%AF-%D8%B3%D9%80%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%80%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A &quot;نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt; وانقتل بتفجير صار بأحد جوامع بغداد. وعم سارة هوه محمد سليمان الفهداوي، واللي حيدر العبادي عيّنه مدير عام للاضرحة والمراقد السنية بيوم 17 تموز سنة 2018.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220412190918/https://kitabat.com/2018/09/29/%D9%85%D9%8F%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84/ &quot;مُدير عام دائرة الأضرحة والمقامات والمراقد السُّنيَّة العامّة “عمّ ضرّة ” اُمّ يُسر العبادي لــ الكاتب / محسن ظافر آل غريب - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

==الدراسة==
حيدر العبادي كمل الابتدائية والمتوسطة والإعدادية ببغداد. وبسنة 1975،&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aljazeera.net/news/2014/8/11/%d8%b1%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a &quot;حيدر العبادي | الجزيرة.نت &quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt; أخذ شهادة البكالوريوس من الجامعة التكنولوجية ببغداد، من قسم الهندسة الكهربائية. وببداية السبعينات، طلع من العراق وراح لبريطانيا حتى يكمل دراسته. وهناك أخذ الماجستير سنة 1977، وبعدها الدكتوراه سنة 1980 من جامعة مانشستر البريطانية، بتخصص الهندسة الكهربائية. وبقى بلندن من ذاك الوكت لحد سنة 2003، ومن بعدها رجع للعراق.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/arabic/middleeast/2014/08/140811_iraq_ibadi_pm &quot;من هو حيدر العبادي المكلف برئاسة الوزراء في العراق؟ - BBC News عربي&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

==مسيرته بحزب الدعوة==
صدر كرّاساً يشرح بيه مسيرته «الجهادية» وي [[Wp/acm/حزب الدعوة الإسلامية|حزب الدعوة الإسلامية]]، ضمن حملته للدعاية الانتخابية الحزبية، ذكر بيه أنو هوه انتمى لحزب الدعوة سنة 1967. وچان عمره بوكتها خمطعش سنة. واختاروه مسؤول لتنظيمات الحزب بأبريطانيا سنة 1977. وحصل على عضوية القيادة التنفيذية للحزب سنة 1979.

وبسنة 1980 اختار مسؤول لمكتب الشرق الأوسط للحزب، الي چان مقره ببيروت، لكنه بقى يدير المكتب من لندن، وهذا الشيء خلا اشكالات داخل الحزب أدت لاستبداله، وسنة 1983م قرّرَ مجلس قيادة الثورة سحب جنسية حيدر العبادي، وأطوها إله مرة ثانية بعد الاحتلال الأمريكي للعراق سنة 2003.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220419171033/https://www.alaraby.co.uk/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1 &quot;حيدر العبادي: العراقي المسلوب الجنسية رئيساً للوزاء - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

سمى حزب الدعوة العبادي متحدث باسمه، بس هوه ما يظهر بالإعلام، إلا شوية.

انسحب العبادي من جميع مواقعه بحزب الدعوة سنة 2019 ودعا بأنسحابه لمراجعة النقدية والتجديد بالخطاب والهيكلة للي يعانيه الحزب من انقسامات چبيرة.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aljazeera.net/politics/2019/6/5/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%ad%d8%a8-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a8%d9%87-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9 &quot;لهذه الأسباب.. انسحب العبادي من مناصبه القيادية بحزب الدعوة | الجزيرة نت&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

==بعد الغزو الأمريكي سنة 2003==
بوكت مبسيرته بلعراق من سنة 2003. تسلّم منصب وزير الاتصالات بلحكومة الانتقالية الي ترأسها إياد علاوي، وراها صار نائب بالبرلمان سنة 2005.

ترأس لجنة الاقتصاد والاستثمار النيابية بالبرلمان سنة 2005. واللجنة المالية بالبرلمان عام 2010، وواجه چم صراعات عسكرية بخصوص موازنة البلد المالية لسنة 2013.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20190422074133/https://www.alweeam.com.sa/285998/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9/ &quot;حيدر العبادي: العراقي المسلوب الجنسية رئيساً للوزراء | صحيفة الوئام الالكترونية - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt; حتى يصير بعدها رئيس للوزراء من سنة 2014 حتى سنة 2018.

==رئاسته للحكومة==
سنة 2006، چان اسم حيدر العبادي من بين الأسماء اللي حزب الدعوة چان يفكر بيها حتى يخلوه رئيس للحكومة، بوكت چانوا يريدون يبدلون إبراهيم الجعفري. وبعدها سنة 2010،&lt;ref&gt;[https://hathalyoum.net/articles/369658-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%87%D9%88-%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1- &quot;من هو حيدر العبادي؟ | هذا اليوم&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt; رجع اسم العبادي ينطرح من جديد، من چانت المفاوضات والحچي داير على منو راح يصير رئيس الحكومة ومنو راح يدخل وياهم بالحكومة. وبعد انتخابات 2014، صار العبادي نائب لرئيس مجلس النواب العراقي. وبيوم 11 آب 2014، التحالف الوطني ورئيس الجمهورية فؤاد معصوم سمّوا العبادي حتى يشكّل الحكومة ويصير رئيسها بدل نوري المالكي، اللي چان رئيس ائتلاف دولة القانون. المالكي بالبداية ما وافق على هالشي، وراح للمحكمة الاتحادية وگال إنو هوه الأحق يصير رئيس الحكومة، لأن ائتلافه هوه اللي طلع بالانتخابات بأكبر عدد من المقاعد. وبعدها بچم يوم، المالكي تراجع عن الموضوع ورضى إنو العبادي يصير رئيس للحكومة، وسحب القضية اللي چان مقدمها للمحكمة الاتحادية. وبالقضية چان يتهم الرئيس فؤاد معصوم إنو خالف الدستور من اختار العبادي حتى يشكّل الحكومة.

* بيوم 8 أيلول 2014، وقبل لا تخلص المدة الدستورية بيومين، مجلس النواب وافق على حكومة العبادي وعطاها الثقة.

* وبيوم 9 آب 2015، العبادي طلع بقرارات وتغييرات بالحكومة، ومن أهمها إنو لغى مناصب نواب رئيس الجمهورية، اللي چانو نوري المالكي وأسامة النجيفي وإياد علاوي، وهم لغى مناصب نواب رئيس الحكومة، اللي چانو بهاء الأعرجي وصالح المطلك وروز نوري شاويس. وهاي القرارات إجت من ورا المظاهرات والاحتجاجات الشعبية اللي چانت صايرة بهذيچ الفترة، ومجلس الوزراء وافق عليها.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20180930092401/http://www.aljazeera.net/news/arabic/2015/8/9/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%B1-%D8%A5%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A &quot;مجلس الوزراء يقر إصلاحات عبادي - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

* وبعد ما ظلت المظاهرات والاحتجاجات تقريبًا سنة، العبادي قرر بنيسان 2016 يسوي حكومة جديدة، ويجيب بيها ناس مختصين وعدهم خبرة، ويختار ناس مستقلين مو تابعين للأحزاب، بس خلّى إبراهيم الجعفري بمكانه وزير للخارجية.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20170517122341/https://www.alhurra.com/a/iraq-new-cabinet/302052.html &quot;حكومة التكنوقراط العراقية.. البرلمان يرجئ التصويت إلى الخميس - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

==الجوائز والأوسمة==
مجلة فورين بوليسي الأميركية اختارت حيدر العبادي ضمن أبرز المفكرين بالعالم بسنة 2017، وكاتب التقرير گال إنو العبادي گدر يلمّ العراق ويرجّعه موحّد مثل ما چان.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200323174541/https://2017globalthinkers.foreignpolicy.com/2017/profile/haider-al-abadi?43a6f5eea1=&amp;3fa4cfa909=&amp;1fea5800af= &quot;Global Thinkers 2017 - نسخة مؤرشفة&quot;.]&lt;/ref&gt;

== المصادر ==

&lt;references /&gt;

== وصلات برا ==

* [https://www.munzinger.de/register/portrait/biographien/-/00/00000030085 حيدر العبادي] على موقع مونزينجر &lt;small&gt;('''الألمانية''')&lt;/small&gt;

[[Category:Wp/acm]]

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'''Bauchi''' ( sha'ada Yakoba) vanyi mulmu o bar tudu pichi Najeriya, jir gurum nu Bauchi ana ptil nu gargajiya. O ba nu tufu pichi nu Jos Plateau, ar 616m ( hiya ja 2,021). Mulmauni ji hadiya bav patlu jo o mulmu mutlu kumi kra o Bauchi:

[[Category:Wp/mrt]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q811144}}</text>
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    <title>Category:Wq/pa/ਦੁਨੀਆ ਦੀਆਂ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਕਹਾਵਤਾਂ</title>
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        <username>Mulkh Singh</username>
        <id>2529561</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;[[Category:Wq/pa/ਕਹਾਵਤਾਂ]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7304921</origin>
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      <sha1>4xys7zmti0f3xhbatejwwl86rtgwhx7</sha1>
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    <title>Template:Wt/cbk-zam/sil-count</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Aristorkle</username>
        <id>2603453</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{{8|}}}|8|&lt;!-- --&gt;{{#if:{{{7|}}}|7|&lt;!-- --&gt;{{#if:{{{6|}}}|6|&lt;!-- --&gt;{{#if:{{{5|}}}|5|&lt;!-- --&gt;{{#if:{{{4|}}}|4|&lt;!-- --&gt;{{#if:{{{3|}}}|3|&lt;!-- --&gt;{{#if:{{{2|}}}|2|&lt;!-- --&gt;{{#if:{{{1|}}}|1|0}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;&quot;</comment>
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--&gt;{{#if:{{{7|}}}|7|&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{6|}}}|6|&lt;!--
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--&gt;{{#if:{{{2|}}}|2|&lt;!--
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  <page>
    <title>Wt/jax/اسم</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804253</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7304976</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T17:34:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Muhamad Izzul Fiqih</username>
        <id>2584756</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;=={{Wt/jax/lang|ar}}== {{Wt/jax/head|ar|alt=ism|alt2=ismun}} {{Wt/jax/-n-|ar}} # [[Wt/jax/namo|namo]]  [[Category:Wt/jax]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7304976</origin>
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      <text bytes="122" sha1="lrfx1teh6vatr1f56ftf6gosby9f41z" xml:space="preserve">=={{Wt/jax/lang|ar}}==
{{Wt/jax/head|ar|alt=ism|alt2=ismun}}
{{Wt/jax/-n-|ar}}
# [[Wt/jax/namo|namo]]

[[Category:Wt/jax]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wy/ne/पाथीभरा देवी (ताप्लेजुङ)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804254</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305011</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T18:17:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Janak Bhatta</username>
        <id>480991</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>नयाँ लेख</comment>
      <origin>7305011</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="4048" sha1="4on00ssu9nbxxkuso7npv73per8b7nm" xml:space="preserve">'''पाथीभरा''' ( ताप्लेजुङ जिल्लामा रहेको पाथीभरा पर्वतको शीखर नजीक अवस्थीत एक प्रसिद्ध तीर्थस्थल हो । पाथीभरा पवर्तमा उत्पन्न भएकी देवी भन्ने अर्थमा यहाँकी देवलाइ पाथीभरा देवी भनिएको हो । परापुर्वाकालमा गाइ चराउँने गोठालाहरुले स्थापना गरेको पाथीभरा देवी थान शक्ती उपासकहरुका लागि बिशेष ठाउँ हो । यहाँ अझै मन्दीरको भवन बनेको छैन र देवी स्थानको रुपमै यो तीर्थ रहेको छ । पाथीभरा देवी स्थान नजीकै २०७७ सालमा कीराँत मन्दिर भने बनेको छ जस्को प्राङ्गणमा गुरु फाल्गुनन्दको शालिक राखिएको छ । तत्पश्चात पाथीभरा क्षेत्र लिम्बु जातिको पनि सामुदायीक आराध्या स्थल बन्न पुगेको छ ।

== पाथीभरा धाममा कसरी जाने? ==
पाथीभरा देवीको मन्दिर निक्कै उचाईमा (३७९४ मिटर) रहेकोले यहाँको तापमान हमेशा शून्य (०) को हाराहारीमा झर्ने गर्दछ । अतः तीर्थयात्री तथा पर्यटकहरूले लेकलाग्न (High Altitude Sickness) र न्युनताप (Hypothermia)बाट जोगिन घरेलु उपचारको सामग्री जस्तै तातोपानी, भुटेको मकै, [[Wy/ne/अदुवा|अदुवा]], [[Wy/ne/लसुन|लसुन]], गरम खाद्य तथा पेय पदार्थ र न्यानो कपडाहरू साथै लगे झनै वेश हुन्छ । पाथीभरा यात्राको लागि फाल्गुणदेखि कार्तिक महिनासम्मको अवधि उपयुक्त हुन्छ । झापाको बिर्तामोडबाट इलाम-फिदिम- हुँदै 270 किलोमिटर फुङलिङ मेची राजमार्गमा यात्रा गरी फुङलिङबाट सुकेटार - तल्लो फेदी - उपल्लो फेदी हुँदै पैदल हिँडेर पाथीभरा पुग्न सकिन्छ। अन्य मार्गमा धरानबाट धनकुटा-हिले हुँदै कोशी राजमार्गमा एक सय किलोमिटर यात्रा गरी वसन्तपुरबाट गुफापोखरी, गोर्गा दोभान हुँदै पैदल यात्रामा पुग्न सकिन्छ। &lt;ref name=&quot;kantipur saptahik&quot;&gt;{{Wy/ne/Cite web | url=http://www.ekantipur.com/saptahik/article/?id=13761 | title=गन्तव्य पाथीभरा | accessdate=February 2015 }} {{Wy/ne/Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140330231138/http://www.ekantipur.com/saptahik/article/?id=13761 |date=2014-03-30 }} कान्तिपुर साप्ताहिक&lt;/ref&gt;

== सन्दर्भ सामाग्रीहरू ==
{{Wy/ne/Reflist}}


== बाह्यकडीहरू ==

[[Category:Wy/ne]]</text>
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    <title>Wp/wlx/2015 Hindi films</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305115</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T21:07:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Zakaria Tunsung</username>
        <id>2586001</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Zakaria Tunsung moved page [[Wp/wlx/2015 Hindi films]] to [[Wp/wlx/2015 Ɩndɩɛ sinihi]]: Misspelled title</comment>
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      <text bytes="41" sha1="6pxpg8v1jrf5o0usv9se3zyg987nihz" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Wp/wlx/2015 Ɩndɩɛ sinihi]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wp/wlx/4 Play (film)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <redirect title="Wp/wlx/4 Play (sini)" />
    <revision>
      <id>7305117</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T21:17:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Zakaria Tunsung</username>
        <id>2586001</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Zakaria Tunsung moved page [[Wp/wlx/4 Play (film)]] to [[Wp/wlx/4 Play (sini)]]: Misspelled title</comment>
      <origin>7305117</origin>
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      <text bytes="34" sha1="irtxloloikm7z0rebxk9d4dfqyznp8q" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Wp/wlx/4 Play (sini)]]</text>
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    <title>Wp/wlx/Ahmadiyya in Ghana</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804257</id>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305122</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T21:41:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Zakaria Tunsung</username>
        <id>2586001</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Zakaria Tunsung moved page [[Wp/wlx/Ahmadiyya in Ghana]] to [[Wp/wlx/Gaana Tuubaalʋŋ]]: Misspelled title</comment>
      <origin>7305122</origin>
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      <text bytes="38" sha1="punkl5qrgmrchr9c1f0qjy8tctgfhcw" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Wp/wlx/Gaana Tuubaalʋŋ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wt/nup/Titacin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804258</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305123</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T21:41:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jameel35</username>
        <id>2592280</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;'''Titacin''' yekpe egan nana yi '''Reflective'''.&lt;ref&gt;Roger Blench, 2009: Nupe Dictionary. https://web.archive.org/web/20130824072455/http://roger/ Blench.info/RBOP.htm. Voice/ Fax. 0044-(0)1223-560687&lt;/ref&gt; ==Santatun==  [[Category:Wt/nup]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305123</origin>
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      <text bytes="242" sha1="owi3ydur4d3jz8iuz2xifrtl7sg8vnq" xml:space="preserve">'''Titacin''' yekpe egan nana yi '''Reflective'''.&lt;ref&gt;Roger Blench, 2009: Nupe Dictionary. https://web.archive.org/web/20130824072455/http://roger/ Blench.info/RBOP.htm.
Voice/ Fax. 0044-(0)1223-560687&lt;/ref&gt;
==Santatun==

[[Category:Wt/nup]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>User talk:Ceruleanix</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
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    <redirect title="User talk:0xGraphite" />
    <revision>
      <id>7305127</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T21:54:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mfield</username>
        <id>465036</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Mfield moved page [[User talk:Ceruleanix]] to [[User talk:0xGraphite]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Ceruleanix|Ceruleanix]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/0xGraphite|0xGraphite]]&quot;</comment>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/wlx/Rahman Osman</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804260</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305130</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T22:30:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Muhaideen Faiz Brichini</username>
        <id>2604229</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;'''Rahman Osman''' ɩyɛ Ghana bɔlɩ ŋmɛ duohi tiha aŋ be United Kingdom.[1][2] {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Rahman Osman |- | colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rahman_Osman_in_Cameron_for_Afcon_2021_final_in_Yaounde.jpg|frameless]] Rahman Osman in Cameron for Afcon 2021 final in Yaounde. |- !Education |Adisadel College; University of Ghana |- !Occupation |Sports journalist |} https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:African_journalist_Rahman_Osman...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305130</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="949" sha1="6w59jmhtj48ghfy9tuf1wfukksvdhi0" xml:space="preserve">'''Rahman Osman''' ɩyɛ Ghana bɔlɩ ŋmɛ duohi tiha aŋ be United Kingdom.[1][2]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Rahman Osman
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rahman_Osman_in_Cameron_for_Afcon_2021_final_in_Yaounde.jpg|frameless]]
Rahman Osman in Cameron for Afcon 2021 final in Yaounde.
|-
!Education
|Adisadel College; University of Ghana
|-
!Occupation
|Sports journalist
|}
[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:African_journalist_Rahman_Osman_working_at_Stamford_for_Chelsea_v_Leicester_Premier_League_game_(cropped).jpg|right|thumb]]

== Ʋ Nyivori Piilee Nɩŋ Ʋ Karɩmbʋ ==
Ghana paalʋʋŋ la baŋ dɔgɩ Osman ʋŋ baa be mɩŋ. Karɩmbʋjie ŋa baŋ bʋɔna ka Adisadel College a da lɩʋ gaa University of Ghana mɩŋ.[3] Ʋŋ da lɩʋ yi gaa United Kingdom a da ti kariŋ ʋ Masters gbaŋʋ a ɩŋ International and Multimedia Journalism jie ŋa baŋ bʋɔna ka University of Westminster.[4]

== Ʋ Tuma ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yankwik</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305131</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T23:30:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''YANKWIK''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo  ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yankwik.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yankwik|embed|200px]] |}  File:Solitary Tree at Dawn - geograph.org.uk - 708348.jpg|Solitary_Tree_at_Dawn_-_geograph.org.uk_-_708348|thumb|250px|Ne yankwik tanestuk...&quot;</comment>
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|
'''YANKWIK'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo

''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective
----
* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yankwik.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yankwik|embed|200px]]
|}

[[File:Solitary Tree at Dawn - geograph.org.uk - 708348.jpg|Solitary_Tree_at_Dawn_-_geograph.org.uk_-_708348|thumb|250px|Ne yankwik tanestuk]] 

=== Español ===
Nuevo

Nukoton yankwik: Mi camisa es nueva.

=== English ===
New

Nukoton Yankee: My shirt is new

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adjetivo]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>9zr2o336zpz44kq8u7bz13bmk3frp3g</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/-yamanilia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804262</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305132</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-04T23:55:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''-YAMANILIA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo  ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yamanilia.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yamanilia|embed|200px]] |}   File:Meat mallet on cutting board.jpg|Meat_mallet_on_cutting_board|thumb|250px|Ne datka pal kiyamanilia ne inakayu...&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="875" sha1="a6qxi6fjxnz5c1c2dhuhbkybn4i7jh5" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''-YAMANILIA'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo

''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb
----
* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yamanilia.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yamanilia|embed|200px]]
|}


[[File:Meat mallet on cutting board.jpg|Meat_mallet_on_cutting_board|thumb|250px|Ne datka pal kiyamanilia ne inakayu]] 

=== Español ===
Ablandar

Niu-nikyamanilia ne tishti tzupelek ika nikapachua tik ne atutun: Voy a ablandar el pan dulce porque lo chuponeo en el café.

=== English ===
To soften, to tenderize

Niunikyamanilia ne tishti tzupelek ika nikapachua tik ne atutun: I'm going to soften the sweet bread because I dunk it in the coffee.

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Transitivo]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>a6qxi6fjxnz5c1c2dhuhbkybn4i7jh5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yamanik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804263</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305133</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T00:04:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''YAMANIK''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo  ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yamanik.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yamanik|embed|200px]] |}   [[File:Cotton boll nearly ready for harvest.jpg|Cotton_boll_nearly_ready_for_harvest|thumb|250px|Ne ichkat yamanik]]   === Español === Sua...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305133</origin>
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      <text bytes="632" sha1="p1ecg4546c4mwauc1zgvopz6ig1z9q3" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''YAMANIK'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo

''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective
----
* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yamanik.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yamanik|embed|200px]]
|}


[[File:Cotton boll nearly ready for harvest.jpg|Cotton_boll_nearly_ready_for_harvest|thumb|250px|Ne ichkat yamanik]] 

=== Español ===
Suave; blando

Uni yamanik: Eso es suave (blando).

=== English ===
Soft 

Uni yamanik: That is soft.

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adjetivo]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>p1ecg4546c4mwauc1zgvopz6ig1z9q3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yamani</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804264</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305134</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T00:11:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''YAMANI''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo  ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yamani.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yamani|embed|200px]] |}   [[File:Black Bean Soup (140491813).jpeg|Black_Bean_Soup_(140491813)|thumb|250px|Ne et yamanika]]   === Español === Ablandar...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305134</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="641" sha1="ipkti477xodi19njf2rfxvkbdvvd7un" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''YAMANI'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo

''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb
----
* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yamani.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yamani|embed|200px]]
|}


[[File:Black Bean Soup (140491813).jpeg|Black_Bean_Soup_(140491813)|thumb|250px|Ne et yamanika]] 

=== Español ===
Ablandarse

Yamanika: Ya se ablandó.

=== English ===
To soften up

Yamanika: It's already softened up.


[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>ipkti477xodi19njf2rfxvkbdvvd7un</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yalua</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804265</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305135</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T00:19:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''YALUA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio  ''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb ---- * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yalua.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yalua)|embed|200px]] |}   File:Close-up of calendar in Spanish - Calendario en español.jpg|Close-up_of_calendar_in_Spanish_-_Calendario_en_español|thumb|250px|An, ne tan...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305135</origin>
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      <text bytes="683" sha1="cro259gzlex03ddock6l7srqmdy27r6" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''YALUA'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio

''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb
----
* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yalua.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yalua)|embed|200px]]
|}


[[File:Close-up of calendar in Spanish - Calendario en español.jpg|Close-up_of_calendar_in_Spanish_-_Calendario_en_español|thumb|250px|An, ne tanestuk 05, yalua ne tanestuk 04]] 

=== Español ===
Ayer

Yalua nikiski: Ayer salí.

=== English ===
Yesterday

Yalua nikiski: Yesterday I went out.

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adverbio]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>cro259gzlex03ddock6l7srqmdy27r6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yakuk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804266</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305136</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T00:27:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''YAKUK''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo  ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakuk.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakuk|embed|200px]] |}   [[File:Sleeping cat on her back.jpg|Sleeping_cat_on_her_back)|thumb|250px|Ne mistun yakuk kuchi]]   === Español === Va más (el...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305136</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="872" sha1="94t8qt6pqumgd9eoiiflofm41gmuha4" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''YAKUK'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo

''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb
----
* '''Audio:'''
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakuk.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakuk|embed|200px]]
|}


[[File:Sleeping cat on her back.jpg|Sleeping_cat_on_her_back)|thumb|250px|Ne mistun yakuk kuchi]] 

=== Español ===
Va más (el, ella o ellos)

Yakuk kuchi: Ella va a dormir más.

Yakuk mumachtia: Él va a estudiar más.

Yakuk maltiat: Ellos van a bañarse más.

=== English ===

To be going to...more (He, she or they) 

Yakuk kuchi: She's going to sleep more.

Yakuk mumachtia: He is going to study more.

Yakuk maltiat: They are going to shower more

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>94t8qt6pqumgd9eoiiflofm41gmuha4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yakin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804267</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305137</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T00:34:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''YAKIN''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio  ''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb ---- * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakin.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakin|embed|200px]] |}   [[File:Certina Caimano Bicolor.jpg|Certina_Caimano_Bicolor|thumb|250px|Yakin, yaja kita ne horajpiani]]  === Español === Hace un momento  Yakin nal...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305137</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="629" sha1="o564u4m4x5bnfvckcfojkyvyvi2czhs" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''YAKIN'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio

''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb
----
* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakin.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakin|embed|200px]]
|}


[[File:Certina Caimano Bicolor.jpg|Certina_Caimano_Bicolor|thumb|250px|Yakin, yaja kita ne horajpiani]]

=== Español ===
Hace un momento

Yakin nalejku: Hace un momento vine.

=== English ===
A moment ago

Yakin nalejku: I came a moment ago.


[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adverbio]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>o564u4m4x5bnfvckcfojkyvyvi2czhs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/-yakawika</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804268</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305138</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T00:43:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''-YAKAWIKA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo  ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakawika.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakawika|embed|200px]] |}   File:Crossing Amiens Street in Single-File - geograph.org.uk - 1455805.jpg|Crossing_Amiens_Street_in_Single-File_-_geog...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305138</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="825" sha1="5073e8mg08mdmc3uizvhtr7va9jr4h9" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''-YAKAWIKA'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo

''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb
----
* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakawika.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakawika|embed|200px]]
|}


[[File:Crossing Amiens Street in Single-File - geograph.org.uk - 1455805.jpg|Crossing_Amiens_Street_in_Single-File_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1455805|thumb|250px|Ne siwat iwan ne susul kustalchin kiyakawika yey siwat]] 

=== Español ===
Llevar a alguien al frente

Nikyakawika María: Yo llevo adelante a María.

=== English ===
To have someone going in front 

Nikyawawia Maria: Maria is going in front of me

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Transitivo]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>5073e8mg08mdmc3uizvhtr7va9jr4h9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yakaweyak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804269</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305139</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T00:51:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; |'''YAKAWEYAK''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología ''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology ----  * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakaweyak.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakaweyak|embed|200px]] |}  [[File:African Bush Elephant.jpg|African_Bush_Elephant|thumb|250x250px|Ne yakaweyak]]  === Español ===  Elefante  Ne yakaweyak: El elefa...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305139</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="645" sha1="r17tcn3aztv8gklugoz0823czka8rry" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|'''YAKAWEYAK'''
----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Zoología
''Grammatical Category:'' Zoology
----

* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakaweyak.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakaweyak|embed|200px]]
|}

[[File:African Bush Elephant.jpg|African_Bush_Elephant|thumb|250x250px|Ne yakaweyak]]

=== Español ===

Elefante

Ne yakaweyak: El elefante (por su trompa larga).

=== English ===

Elephant

Ne yakaweyak: The elephant (because of its long trunk).

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Zoología]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>r17tcn3aztv8gklugoz0823czka8rry</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yakatzulkisa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804270</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305140</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T01:07:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''YAKATZULKISA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo  ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yaktzulkisa.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yaktzulkisa|embed|200px]] |}   [[File:Woman-698988 640.jpg|Woman-698988_640|thumb|200px|Ne siwat yakatzulkisa]]   === Español === Estar mo...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305140</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="656" sha1="8mqvzlz3k7f99vfopror9scbksusblo" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''YAKATZULKISA'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo

''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb
----
* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yaktzulkisa.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yaktzulkisa|embed|200px]]
|}


[[File:Woman-698988 640.jpg|Woman-698988_640|thumb|200px|Ne siwat yakatzulkisa]] 

=== Español ===
Estar mocoso

Niyakatzulkisa: Estoy mocoso.

=== English ===
To have a snotty nose

Niyakatzulkisa: I have a snotty nose

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>8mqvzlz3k7f99vfopror9scbksusblo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yakatzul</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804271</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305141</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T01:20:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''YAKATZUL''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo   ''Grammatical Category:'' Noun ---- * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakatzul.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakatzul|embed|200px]] |}   [[File:Airplane (115926541).jpeg|Airplane_(115926541)|thumb|250px|Ne piltzin kipia yakatzul]]   === Español === Moco  Kipia sujsul yakatz...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305141</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="633" sha1="9on234ttzt9bqhb5f09jfm5bbge47r7" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''YAKATZUL'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Sustantivo 

''Grammatical Category:'' Noun
----
* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakatzul.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakatzul|embed|200px]]
|}


[[File:Airplane (115926541).jpeg|Airplane_(115926541)|thumb|250px|Ne piltzin kipia yakatzul]] 

=== Español ===
Moco

Kipia sujsul yakatzul: Tiene muchos mocos.

=== English ===
Booger, snot

Kipia sujsul yakatzul: He has many boogers

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Sustantivo]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>9on234ttzt9bqhb5f09jfm5bbge47r7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Wt/bug/kjc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804272</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305143</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T01:25:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iripseudocorus</username>
        <id>2596039</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;==basa Konjo==&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305143</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="14" sha1="bptdoxa4murcd8nqoc74vejzpmytdsw" xml:space="preserve">==basa Konjo==</text>
      <sha1>bptdoxa4murcd8nqoc74vejzpmytdsw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yakatemu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804273</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305144</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T01:26:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''YAKATEMU''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo  ''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakatemu.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakatemu|embed|200px]] |}   File:Depiction of a person suffering from Allergic Rhinitis (cropped).png|Depiction_of_a_person_suffering_from_Aller...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305144</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="757" sha1="cs41t6scx0w3e0nbbzuud9safvur3jy" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''YAKATEMU'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Intransitivo

''Grammatical Category:'' Intransitive Verb
----
* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakatemu.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakatemu|embed|200px]]
|}


[[File:Depiction of a person suffering from Allergic Rhinitis (cropped).png|Depiction_of_a_person_suffering_from_Allergic_Rhinitis_(cropped)|thumb|250px| Ne takat yakatemu]] 

=== Español ===
Tener goteo nasal

Niyakatemu: Me escurre la nariz (mocos).

=== English ===
To have a runny nose

Niyakatemu: I have a runny nose (snot) 

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Intransitivo]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>cs41t6scx0w3e0nbbzuud9safvur3jy</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yakapatashnaj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804274</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305146</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T01:39:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''YAKAPATASHNAJ''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo  ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakapatashnaj.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakapatashnaj|embed|200px]] |}   File:Chadwick Boseman (36245604005) (cropped).jpg|Chadwick_Boseman_(36245604005)_(cropped)|thumb|250px|Ne takat yakapat...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305146</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="677" sha1="jgwyvhp8glihtzubapvg9t8kzj95xfd" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''YAKAPATASHNAJ'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo

''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective
----
* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakapatashnaj.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakapatashnaj|embed|200px]]
|}


[[File:Chadwick Boseman (36245604005) (cropped).jpg|Chadwick_Boseman_(36245604005)_(cropped)|thumb|250px|Ne takat yakapatashnaj]] 

=== Español ===
Chato

Lucio yakapatashnaj: Lucio es chato.

=== English ===
Wide nose

Lucio yakapatashnaj: Lucio has a wide nose.

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adjetivo]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>jgwyvhp8glihtzubapvg9t8kzj95xfd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/-yakamujmutzwia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804275</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305147</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T01:45:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''-YAKAMUJMUTZWIA''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo  ''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yakamujmutzwia.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yakamujmutzwia|embed|200px]] |}  [[File:Diaphragmatic breathing.gif|Diaphragmatic_breathing|thumb|250px|Kiyakamujmutzwia]]  === Español...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305147</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="693" sha1="eh6idj75byuj2krczo5vpxdt5o3bm5b" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''-YAKAMUJMUTZWIA'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Verbo Transitivo

''Grammatical Category:'' Transitive Verb
----
* '''Audio:'''
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yakamujmutzwia.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yakamujmutzwia|embed|200px]]
|}

[[File:Diaphragmatic breathing.gif|Diaphragmatic_breathing|thumb|250px|Kiyakamujmutzwia]] 
=== Español ===
Aspirar

Niu-nikyakamujmutzwia ne pukti: Voy a aspirar el humo.

=== English ===
Inhale

Niu-nikyakamujmutzwia ne pukti: I will inhale the smoke.


[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Verbo Transitivo]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>eh6idj75byuj2krczo5vpxdt5o3bm5b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yakamujmutz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804276</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305148</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T01:56:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''YAKAMUJMUTZ''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo  ''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective ---- * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakamujmutz.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakamujmutz|embed|200px]] |}   File:Young patient on inhalation therapy.jpg|Young_patient_on_inhalation_therapy|thumb|250px|Ne piltzin yakamujmutz yajika ya...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305148</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="841" sha1="jsny0jzhg0py53xiwjvc67ssm2s5da5" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''YAKAMUJMUTZ'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adjetivo

''Grammatical Category:'' Adjective
----
* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakamujmutz.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yakamujmutz|embed|200px]]
|}


[[File:Young patient on inhalation therapy.jpg|Young_patient_on_inhalation_therapy|thumb|250px|Ne piltzin yakamujmutz yajika yaja kiyakamujmutzwia ne pajti]] 

=== Español ===
Persona que pasa aspirando (como que tiene gripe)

Lucio yakamujmutzwia: Lucio pasa aspirando (como que tiene gripe).

=== English ===
Person who sniffles a lot (as if they have the flu)

Lucio yakamujmutzwia: Lucio is sniffling a lot (like
he has the flu).

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adjetivo]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>jsny0jzhg0py53xiwjvc67ssm2s5da5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/-yakak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804277</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305149</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:05:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''-YAKAK''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio  ''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb ---- * '''Audio:''' [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yakak.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yakak|embed|200px]] |}   [[File:Karen Bass walking down hallway - 12-18-2019.jpg|Karen_Bass_walking_down_hallway_-_12-18-2019|thumb|250px|Ne siwat panuk iyakak ne takat]]...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305149</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="929" sha1="tr4bu4sdbrgcs4nw84firkm9182xy82" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''-YAKAK'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio

''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb
----
* '''Audio:'''
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yakak.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yakak|embed|200px]]
|}


[[File:Karen Bass walking down hallway - 12-18-2019.jpg|Karen_Bass_walking_down_hallway_-_12-18-2019|thumb|250px|Ne siwat panuk iyakak ne takat]] 

=== Español ===
Delante de (mientras camina)

Nikwika nuyakak: Lo llevo delante de mí.

Shipanu nuyakak: Pasa delante de mí.

Yawi muyakak: Va delante de ti.

Yawi tuyakak: Va delante de nosotros

=== English ===
In front of (while walking)

Nikwika nuyakak: He is going in front of me.

Shipanu nuyakak: Go ahead of me.

Yawi muyakak: He goes before you.

Yawi tuyakak: She goes before us.

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adverbio]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>tr4bu4sdbrgcs4nw84firkm9182xy82</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/-yak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804278</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305150</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:16:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; |'''-YAK''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Anatomía ''Grammatical Category:'' Anatomical ----  * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yak.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yak|embed|200px]] |}  [[File:Neus1.jpg|Neus1|thumb|250x250px|Ne iyak]]  ===Español === Nariz  Nuyak: Mi nariz.  Mutzaktuk ne muyak: Se te tapó la nariz.  ===English ===...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305150</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="599" sha1="lvkv64h504yr52j3s0xm8uisgboi8rl" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|'''-YAK'''
----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Anatomía
''Grammatical Category:'' Anatomical
----

* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yak.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin--Yak|embed|200px]]
|}

[[File:Neus1.jpg|Neus1|thumb|250x250px|Ne iyak]]

===Español ===
Nariz

Nuyak: Mi nariz.

Mutzaktuk ne muyak: Se te tapó la nariz.

===English ===
Nose

Nuyak: My nose.

Mutzaktuk ne muyak: Your nose is stuffed.

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Anatomía]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>lvkv64h504yr52j3s0xm8uisgboi8rl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yajuni</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804279</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305151</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:27:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; |'''YAJUNI''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Pronombre ----  * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajuni.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajuni|embed|200px]] |}  File:Muha the black female cat, domestic cat, Felis catus, Pskov, July 2013 (7).jpg|Muha_the_black_female_cat,_domestic_cat,_Felis_catus,_Pskov,_July_2013_(7)|thumb|250x250px|Yaj...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305151</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="692" sha1="rpw1xlo18grz5elxs4tkgxmizbgm6z9" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|'''YAJUNI'''
----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Pronombre
----

* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajuni.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajuni|embed|200px]]
|}

[[File:Muha the black female cat, domestic cat, Felis catus, Pskov, July 2013 (7).jpg|Muha_the_black_female_cat,_domestic_cat,_Felis_catus,_Pskov,_July_2013_(7)|thumb|250x250px|Yajuni mumish mupal]]

=== Español ===
Ese

¿Yajuni tisat tisat mupal?: ¿Ese lápiz es tuyo?

=== English ===
That

Yajuni tisat mupal?: Is that your pencil?

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Pronombre]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>rpw1xlo18grz5elxs4tkgxmizbgm6z9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yajini</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804280</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305152</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:29:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; |'''YAJINI''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Pronombre ----  * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajini.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajini|embed|200px]] |} [[File:Left hand holding pen.jpg|Left_hand_holding_pen|thumb|250x250px|Yajuni tisat ipal ne siwat]]  === Español ===  Este  ¿Yajini tisat mupal?: ¿Este lápiz es tuyo?  === Engli...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305152</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="589" sha1="75bwpg62ng4w93jw0ziwxwxn7de73df" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|'''YAJINI'''
----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Pronombre
----

* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajini.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajini|embed|200px]]
|}
[[File:Left hand holding pen.jpg|Left_hand_holding_pen|thumb|250x250px|Yajuni tisat ipal ne siwat]]

=== Español ===

Este

¿Yajini tisat mupal?: ¿Este lápiz es tuyo?

=== English ===
That

Yajini tisat mupal?: Is this your pencil?

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Pronombre]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>75bwpg62ng4w93jw0ziwxwxn7de73df</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/ain/Ame</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804281</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305153</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:30:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>トラネコマン</username>
        <id>2597037</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>ページの作成</comment>
      <origin>7305153</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="197" sha1="4x9bfibv5n0xp4ec4io390f3824ntai" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Candy in Damascus.jpg|thumb|300px|Ame]]

'''Ame''' topenota a=suwe wa a=nistere [[Wp/ain/Topenpe|topenpe]] ne ruwe ne.

[[Category:Wp/ain]]
[[Category:Wp/ain/Topenpe]]

{{INTERWIKI|Q185583}}</text>
      <sha1>4x9bfibv5n0xp4ec4io390f3824ntai</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Wt/bol/Lowercase title</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804282</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305154</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:31:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>RAPTOR7762</username>
        <id>2655951</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305154</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="466" sha1="3tzh36omkc5b7bdd3ki0m1f2yap6z2u" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{DISPLAYTITLE: {{#if: {{NAMESPACE}}|{{NAMESPACE}}:}}{{#if: {{{italic|}}}
  | {{#if: {{{force|}}}
    | ''{{lcfirst:{{PAGENAME}}}}''
    | {{#invoke:MultiReplace|main|{{lcfirst:{{PAGENAME}}}}|^(.*)(%b())$|''%1''%2|.*|''%1''}}
    }}
  | {{#if: {{{dab|}}}
    | {{#invoke:MultiReplace|main|{{lcfirst:{{PAGENAME}}}}|{{Title disambig text|{{PAGENAME}}}}|''{{Title disambig text|{{PAGENAME}}}}''}}
    | {{lcfirst:{{PAGENAME}}}}
    }}
  }}
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>3tzh36omkc5b7bdd3ki0m1f2yap6z2u</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Category:Wp/ain/Topenpe</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>3804283</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305155</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:31:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>トラネコマン</username>
        <id>2597037</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>ページの作成</comment>
      <origin>7305155</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="43" sha1="0cyw9uypnyu7vcyq1f8mzpbawcjp2er" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/ain/See|Topenpe}}

[[Category:Wp/ain]]</text>
      <sha1>0cyw9uypnyu7vcyq1f8mzpbawcjp2er</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yajika</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804284</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305156</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:34:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; |'''YAJIKA''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Conectivo ----  * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajika.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajika|embed|200px]] |}  [[File:African teacher.jpg|African_teacher|thumb|250x250px|Yaja tamachtiani yajika yaja kipia miak amachti]]   === Español ===  Por eso  Yajika nimumachtia nawat: Por eso estudio...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305156</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="625" sha1="28j4rmnpeeoxyh8hzbgijgc7ul6c7f0" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|'''YAJIKA'''
----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Conectivo
----

* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajika.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajika|embed|200px]]
|}

[[File:African teacher.jpg|African_teacher|thumb|250x250px|Yaja tamachtiani yajika yaja kipia miak amachti]]


=== Español ===

Por eso

Yajika nimumachtia nawat: Por eso estudio náhuat.

=== English ===
That's why

Yajika nimumachtia nawat: That's why I study Nahuat.

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Conectivo]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>28j4rmnpeeoxyh8hzbgijgc7ul6c7f0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yajaya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804285</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305157</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:39:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; |'''YAJAYA''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Interjección ----  * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajaya.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajaya|embed|200px]] |}  [[File:Pinky swear closeup.JPG|Pinky_swear_closeup|thumb|250x250px|Yajaya timuita musta]]  === Español ===  Dar su palabra  Yajaya timuitat musta: Nos vemos mañana (con segur...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305157</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="646" sha1="nb9cyrqp00pgx42w441cwgnaz903glj" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|'''YAJAYA'''
----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Interjección
----

* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajaya.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajaya|embed|200px]]
|}

[[File:Pinky swear closeup.JPG|Pinky_swear_closeup|thumb|250x250px|Yajaya timuita musta]]

=== Español ===

Dar su palabra

Yajaya timuitat musta: Nos vemos mañana (con seguridad).

=== English ===
To give your word, to promise

Yajaya timuitat musta: See you tomorrow (for
sure).


[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Interjección]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>nb9cyrqp00pgx42w441cwgnaz903glj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/yua/Óolandaa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804286</id>
    <redirect title="Wp/yua/Holanda" />
    <revision>
      <id>7305160</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:40:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>26agcp</username>
        <id>2575807</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>26agcp moved page [[Wp/yua/Óolandaa]] to [[Wp/yua/Holanda]]: Misspelled title</comment>
      <origin>7305160</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28" sha1="tsy8gp3if2xmh0meqkpb8c58iz93j6f" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Wp/yua/Holanda]]</text>
      <sha1>tsy8gp3if2xmh0meqkpb8c58iz93j6f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yajasan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804287</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305161</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:44:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; | '''YAJASAN''' ---- ''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio  ''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb ---- * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajasan.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajasan|embed|200px]] |}   [[File:Alone life.jpg|Alone_life|thumb|250px|Yajasan nemi ka tepet]]   === Español === Nomás él o ella  Yajasan walaj: Nomás ella vino (so...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305161</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="628" sha1="kl99c0oqa5qj737ljf3hp8pqlteyqeb" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|
'''YAJASAN'''
----
''Categoría Gramatical:'' Adverbio

''Grammatical Category:'' Adverb
----
* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajasan.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajasan|embed|200px]]
|}


[[File:Alone life.jpg|Alone_life|thumb|250px|Yajasan nemi ka tepet]] 

=== Español ===
Nomás él o ella

Yajasan walaj: Nomás ella vino (solamente ella).

=== English ===
Only he or only she

Yajasan walaj: Only she came (she alone).

[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Adverbio]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>kl99c0oqa5qj737ljf3hp8pqlteyqeb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Wt/bol/Dictionary header</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804288</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305162</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:49:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>RAPTOR7762</username>
        <id>2655951</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305162</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="212" sha1="k3dv6vv4amglsufmn7qbmhsagrc03su" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;
{{Wp/bol/Lowercase title}}

== bòo pìkkà ==
{{{definition|}}}

=== Example sentence ===
'''bòo pìkkà''': {{{sentence|}}}
'''Turanci''': {{{english sentence|}}}
'''Hausa''': 

== Turanci ==
{{{</text>
      <sha1>k3dv6vv4amglsufmn7qbmhsagrc03su</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305177</id>
      <parentid>7305162</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T04:44:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>RAPTOR7762</username>
        <id>2655951</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305177</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="312" sha1="c4y7a2a4z561ai52bmo51k6p1xdohkr" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;
{{Wt/bol/Lowercase title}}

== bòo pìkkà ==
{{{definition|}}}

=== Example sentence ===
'''bòo pìkkà''': {{{sentence|}}}
'''Turanci''': {{{en translated sentence|}}}
'''Hausa''': {{{ha translated sentence|}}}

== Turanci ==
{{{en definition|}}}

== Hausa ==
{{{ha definition|}}}

&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>c4y7a2a4z561ai52bmo51k6p1xdohkr</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305178</id>
      <parentid>7305177</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T04:44:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>RAPTOR7762</username>
        <id>2655951</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>7305178</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="314" sha1="6epovooc5ftdlhmshx3ccjytejxze92" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;
{{Wt/bol/Lowercase title}}

== bòo pìkkà ==
{{{definition|}}}

=== Example sentence ===
'''bòo pìkkà''': {{{sentence|}}}
'''Turanci''': {{{en translated sentence|}}}
'''Hausa''': {{{ha translated sentence|}}}

== Turanci ==
{{{en definition|}}}

== Hausa ==
{{{ha definition|}}}

&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>6epovooc5ftdlhmshx3ccjytejxze92</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yajané</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804289</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305163</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:49:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; |'''YAJANÉ''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Pronombre ----  * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajané.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajané|embed|200px]] |}  [[File:Fonte Gaia - she wolf detail.jpg|Fonte_Gaia_-_she_wolf_detail|thumb|250x250px|Yajané se tutut]]   === Español ===  Él es; ella es; eso es.  Yajané taichtekini: Él es...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305163</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="626" sha1="5240u5jp4863lrpy1xj1sumrgu9qd57" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|'''YAJANÉ'''
----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Pronombre
----

* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajané.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yajané|embed|200px]]
|}

[[File:Fonte Gaia - she wolf detail.jpg|Fonte_Gaia_-_she_wolf_detail|thumb|250x250px|Yajané se tutut]]


=== Español ===

Él es; ella es; eso es.

Yajané taichtekini: Él es el ladrón.

=== English ===
He is; she is; it is.

Yajané taichtekini: He is the thief.


[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Pronombre]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>5240u5jp4863lrpy1xj1sumrgu9qd57</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/yaja</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804290</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305164</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:53:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; |'''YAJA''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Pronombre Personal ''Grammatical Category:'' Personal Pronoun ----  * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yaja.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yaja|embed|200px]] |}  File:Don Quijote de la Mancha en el Teatro Teresa Carreño, Caracas, Venezuela 3.jpg|Don_Quijote_de_la_Mancha_en_el_Teatro_Teresa_Ca...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305164</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="719" sha1="jj3ghbn41sxu61sabqfcv4okwp5n2vd" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|'''YAJA'''
----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Pronombre Personal
''Grammatical Category:'' Personal Pronoun
----

* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yaja.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Yaja|embed|200px]]
|}

[[File:Don Quijote de la Mancha en el Teatro Teresa Carreño, Caracas, Venezuela 3.jpg|Don_Quijote_de_la_Mancha_en_el_Teatro_Teresa_Carreño,_Caracas,_Venezuela_3|thumb|250x250px|Yaja mijtutia]]


=== Español ===

Él, ella

Yaja nemi yek: Él está bien.

=== English ===
He, she

Yaja nemi yek: He's fine.


[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Pronombre Personal]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>jj3ghbn41sxu61sabqfcv4okwp5n2vd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/ppl/ya'</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804291</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305165</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T02:56:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AliciaMarroquin</username>
        <id>2599796</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot; |'''YA'''' ----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Pronombre Personal ''Grammatical Category:'' Personal Pronoun ----  * '''Audio:'''  [[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Ya'.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Ya'|embed|200px]] |}  File:Mary Garrity - Ida B. Wells-Barnett - Google Art Project - restoration crop.jpg|Mary_Garrity_-_Ida_B._Wells-Barnett_-_Google_Art_P...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305165</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="736" sha1="a3d703fe4odhcfgkjqzp0vgvcq2yyze" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background: #f8fafc; border: 2px solid #0284c7; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; width: auto;&quot;
|'''YA''''
----''Categoría Gramatical:'' Pronombre Personal
''Grammatical Category:'' Personal Pronoun
----

* '''Audio:''' 
[[File:LL-Q1186896 (ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Ya'.wav|LL-Q1186896_(ppl)-AliciaMarroquin-Ya'|embed|200px]]
|}

[[File:Mary Garrity - Ida B. Wells-Barnett - Google Art Project - restoration crop.jpg|Mary_Garrity_-_Ida_B._Wells-Barnett_-_Google_Art_Project_-_restoration_crop|thumb|250x250px|Ya' siwat]]


=== Español ===
Él, ella

Ya ́ nemi yek: Él está bien.

=== English ===
He, she (contraction of he, she)

Ya´nemi yek: He's fine.


[[Category:Wt/ppl/Category:Pronombre Personal]]
[[Category:Wt/ppl]]</text>
      <sha1>a3d703fe4odhcfgkjqzp0vgvcq2yyze</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wt/bol/Bòo Pìkkà</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804292</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305169</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T03:59:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi</username>
        <id>2703375</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;'''Bòo Pìkkà'''  Harshen mutanen Bole.  [[Category:Wt/bol]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305169</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="62" sha1="87r0bwexni2mh1wfi0mxfmoqypa8w3b" xml:space="preserve">'''Bòo Pìkkà'''

Harshen mutanen Bole.

[[Category:Wt/bol]]</text>
      <sha1>87r0bwexni2mh1wfi0mxfmoqypa8w3b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>3804293</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305170</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T03:59:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Welcoming Bot</username>
        <id>9525</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!</comment>
      <origin>7305170</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1014" sha1="blhoyaccxk16ykwoq0lrnuqv34doibp" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|lang-support=Language support
|float=right
}}

Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 03:59, 5 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>blhoyaccxk16ykwoq0lrnuqv34doibp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Category:Wt/bol</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>3804294</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305172</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T04:01:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Viyowoyero-vya-Malaŵi</username>
        <id>2703375</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{subst:rct}}&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305172</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="53" sha1="rqhccfcjsv07vaakguohmd9q4xas6k8" xml:space="preserve">[[Category:Incubator:All test wikis|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>rqhccfcjsv07vaakguohmd9q4xas6k8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/India Arunachal Pradesh</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3804295</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305241</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:17:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;return { 	name   = 'Arunachal Pradesh', 	top    = 29.49, 	bottom = 26.46, 	left   = 91.39, 	right  = 97.52, 	image  = 'India Arunachal Pradesh location map.svg', 	image1 = 'India Arunachal Pradesh relief map.svg' }&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305241</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="214" sha1="lxgxtdkyak8donwn22pe6dsht2t105b" xml:space="preserve">return {
	name   = 'Arunachal Pradesh',
	top    = 29.49,
	bottom = 26.46,
	left   = 91.39,
	right  = 97.52,
	image  = 'India Arunachal Pradesh location map.svg',
	image1 = 'India Arunachal Pradesh relief map.svg'
}</text>
      <sha1>lxgxtdkyak8donwn22pe6dsht2t105b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Wp/pih/Location map/styles.css</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3804296</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305243</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:19:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;.locmap .od { 	position: absolute; }  .locmap .id { 	position: absolute; 	line-height: 0; }  .locmap .l0 { 	font-size: 0; 	position: absolute; }  .locmap .pv { 	line-height: 110%; 	position: absolute; 	text-align: center; }  .locmap .pl { 	line-height: 110%; 	position: absolute; 	top: -0.75em; 	text-align: right; }  .locmap .pr { 	line-height: 110%; 	position: absolute; 	top: -0.75em; 	text-align: left; }  .locmap .pv &gt; div { 	display: inline; 	padding: 1px; }  .locmap ....&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305243</origin>
      <model>sanitized-css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="1873" sha1="jn7zl1mpu5ugg8wnev2zq4u7cbmyjur" xml:space="preserve">.locmap .od {
	position: absolute;
}

.locmap .id {
	position: absolute;
	line-height: 0;
}

.locmap .l0 {
	font-size: 0;
	position: absolute;
}

.locmap .pv {
	line-height: 110%;
	position: absolute;
	text-align: center;
}

.locmap .pl {
	line-height: 110%;
	position: absolute;
	top: -0.75em;
	text-align: right;
}

.locmap .pr {
	line-height: 110%;
	position: absolute;
	top: -0.75em;
	text-align: left;
}

.locmap .pv &gt; div {
	display: inline;
	padding: 1px;
}

.locmap .pl &gt; div {
	display: inline; /* inline does not impact floated elements */
	padding: 1px;
	float: right;
}

.locmap .pr &gt; div {
	display: inline; /* inline does not impact floated elements */
	padding: 1px;
	float: left;
}

/* Dark mode theme: */

@media screen {
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .od,
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .od .pv &gt; div,
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .od .pl &gt; div,
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .od .pr &gt; div {
		/* Use !important to override any infobox rules */
		background: #fff !important;
		color: #000 !important;
	}

	html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .locmap img {
		filter: grayscale(0.6);
	}

	/* Special handling for maps inside infoboxes
	 * [[Module talk:Location map#Map label background bug in dark mode]]
	 */
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .infobox-full-data .locmap div {
		background: transparent !important;
	}
}

@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .locmap img {
		filter: grayscale(0.6);
	}
	
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .od,
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .od .pv &gt; div,
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .od .pl &gt; div,
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .od .pr &gt; div {
		/* Use !important to override any infobox rules */
		background: white !important;
		color: #000 !important;
	}

	html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .infobox-full-data .locmap div {
		background: transparent !important;
	}
}</text>
      <sha1>jn7zl1mpu5ugg8wnev2zq4u7cbmyjur</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Wp/pih/Location Map</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3804297</id>
    <redirect title="Module:Wp/pih/Location map" />
    <revision>
      <id>7305251</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:24:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>ङघिञ moved page [[Module:Wp/pih/Location Map]] to [[Module:Wp/pih/Location map]]: [[I:CASE]]</comment>
      <origin>7305251</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="45" sha1="h2778cdrb5jlftqvk31h9ccmi8ui6hl" xml:space="preserve">return require [[Module:Wp/pih/Location map]]</text>
      <sha1>h2778cdrb5jlftqvk31h9ccmi8ui6hl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Wp/pih/Location map/data/World</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3804298</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305252</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T07:25:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;return { 	name = 'Earth', 	top = 90, 	bottom = -90, 	left = -180, 	right = 180, 	image = 'World location map (equirectangular 180).svg', 	image1='World location map (equirectangular 180).svg'}&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305252</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="192" sha1="1gh5izdoszwn7ruavo5dysgd43evgoy" xml:space="preserve">return {
	name = 'Earth',
	top = 90,
	bottom = -90,
	left = -180,
	right = 180,
	image = 'World location map (equirectangular 180).svg',
	image1='World location map (equirectangular 180).svg'}</text>
      <sha1>1gh5izdoszwn7ruavo5dysgd43evgoy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Wt/pih/-etym-</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804299</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305299</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:10:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;===[[File:Nuvola kdict glass.svg|30px|]] Etimolojii=== &lt;noinclude&gt;[[Category:Wt/pih/Header templates|etym]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305299</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="119" sha1="5hprbie8two0rbw8hh8q72zc3imj0dr" xml:space="preserve">===[[File:Nuvola kdict glass.svg|30px|]] Etimolojii===
&lt;noinclude&gt;[[Category:Wt/pih/Header templates|etym]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>5hprbie8two0rbw8hh8q72zc3imj0dr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Ziijon</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>3804300</id>
    <redirect title="User talk:MirkBo" />
    <revision>
      <id>7305328</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T08:45:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MemicznyJanusz</username>
        <id>2563623</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>MemicznyJanusz moved page [[User talk:Ziijon]] to [[User talk:MirkBo]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Ziijon|Ziijon]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/MirkBo|MirkBo]]&quot;</comment>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="30" sha1="j2imusx7zfdhssm4rmyswjhiw90vtm0" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[User talk:MirkBo]]</text>
      <sha1>j2imusx7zfdhssm4rmyswjhiw90vtm0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/rgn/Sant'Èghta</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804301</id>
    <redirect title="Wp/rgn/Sant&#039;Êtca" />
    <revision>
      <id>7305336</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:03:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TheFlagandAnthemGuy</username>
        <id>2568147</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>TheFlagandAnthemGuy moved page [[Wp/rgn/Sant'Èghta]] to [[Wp/rgn/Sant'Êtca]]: Misspelled title: trovato riferimento</comment>
      <origin>7305336</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" sha1="8wkd7sckli3mb8tddp96pgf01gslqcp" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Wp/rgn/Sant'Êtca]]</text>
      <sha1>8wkd7sckli3mb8tddp96pgf01gslqcp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/rgn/Slaròl</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804302</id>
    <redirect title="Wp/rgn/Slarol" />
    <revision>
      <id>7305338</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:06:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TheFlagandAnthemGuy</username>
        <id>2568147</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>TheFlagandAnthemGuy moved page [[Wp/rgn/Slaròl]] to [[Wp/rgn/Slarol]]: Misspelled title</comment>
      <origin>7305338</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="27" sha1="00cwhek36o3zblhvq24qpl6yxy7sx2p" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Wp/rgn/Slarol]]</text>
      <sha1>00cwhek36o3zblhvq24qpl6yxy7sx2p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Christian Rosas</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>3804303</id>
    <redirect title="User talk:CH071" />
    <revision>
      <id>7305340</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:09:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>기나ㅏㄴ</username>
        <id>2576290</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>기나ㅏㄴ moved page [[User talk:Christian Rosas]] to [[User talk:CH071]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Christian Rosas|Christian Rosas]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/CH071|CH071]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305340</origin>
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      <text bytes="29" sha1="j9m2zshku00dj8etg38172y9u5pglqb" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[User talk:CH071]]</text>
      <sha1>j9m2zshku00dj8etg38172y9u5pglqb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Wt/pih/-pron-</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804304</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305344</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:21:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;===[[File:Nuvola apps edu languages.svg|30px]] Pronunciation=== &lt;noinclude&gt;[[Category:Wt/pih/Header template|pron]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305344</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="127" sha1="jvmoa3ahvggidauakotx22d973nthnm" xml:space="preserve">===[[File:Nuvola apps edu languages.svg|30px]] Pronunciation===
&lt;noinclude&gt;[[Category:Wt/pih/Header template|pron]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>jvmoa3ahvggidauakotx22d973nthnm</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305359</id>
      <parentid>7305344</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:20:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>added params</comment>
      <origin>7305359</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3088" sha1="fuvgm15q5l1myeokqz34v00szh5j3eh" xml:space="preserve">===[[File:Nuvola apps edu languages.svg|30px]] Pronunciation===
[[Category:Wt/pih/Terms wi' {{#switch: {{lc:{{{1|}}}}}

  | pih | norfuk | pitkern = Norfuk-Pitkern
  | en = Inglish
  | es = Spanish
  | fr = French
  | de = Doich
  | ja = Japanees
  | zh = Chinees
  | ru = Rushan
  | pt = Portugues
  | it = Italian
  | hi = Hindi
  | ar = Erabek
  | he = Hebrew

  | ber | amz = Tamazight
  | shi = Shilha
  | nl = Nethilandian
  | af = Afrikaans
  | sv = Swedish
  | no = Norwegian
  | da = Danish
  | is = Icelandic
  | yi = Yiddish
  | lb = Luxembourgish
  | sco = Scots
  | fy = Frisian
  | ca = Catalan
  | ro = Romanian
  | gl = Galician
  | ast = Asturian
  | oc = Occitan
  | co = Corsican
  | sc = Sardinian
  | wa = Walloon
  | fur = Friulian
  | lad = Ladino
  | uk = Ukrainian
  | be = Belarusian
  | pl = Polish
  | cs = Czech
  | sk = Slovak
  | bg = Bulgarian
  | mk = Macedonian
  | sr = Serbian
  | hr = Croatian
  | bs = Bosnian
  | sl = Slovenian
  | fa = Persian
  | ps = Pashto
  | ku = Kurdish
  | tg = Tajik
  | os = Ossetian
  | bal = Balochi
  | mzn = Mazanderani
  | glk = Gilaki
  | bn = Bengali
  | ur = Urdu
  | pa = Punjabi
  | mr = Marathi
  | gu = Gujarati
  | or = Odia
  | mai = Maithili
  | sd = Sindhi
  | as = Assamees
  | ne = Nepali
  | si = Sinhalees
  | ks = Kashmiri
  | sa = Sanskrit
  | ta = Tamil
  | te = Telugu
  | kn = Kannada
  | ml = Malayalam
  | tly = Tululu
  | ms = Malay
  | id = Indonesian

  | tl | fil = Tagalog
  | jv = Javanees
  | su = Sundanees
  | mg = Malagasy
  | ceb = Cebuano
  | ilo = Ilocano
  | bo = Tibetan
  | my = Burmees
  | dz = Dzongkha
  | ksw = S'gaw Karen
  | brx = Bodo
  | mni = Manipuri
  | mnw = Mon
  | ii = Sichuan Yi
  | new = Nepal Bhasha

  | tr = Turkish
  | az = Azerbaijani
  | uz = Uzbek
  | kk = Kazakh
  | ug = Uyghur
  | tk = Turkmen
  | tt = Tatar
  | ky = Kyrgyz
  | ba = Bashkir

  | chv | cv = Chuvash
  | sah = Yakut

  | qu | que = Kichwa
  | nah = Nahuatl

  | gn | grn = Guarani
  | guc = Wayuu

  | ay | aym = Aymara
  | am = Amharic
  | sw = Swahili
  | so = Somali
  | haw = Hawaiian
  | mi = Maori
  | sm = Samoan
  | to = Tongan
  | ty = Tahitian
  | rar = Cook Islands Maori
  | rap = Rapa Nui
  | niu = Niuean
  | tvl = Tuvaluan
  | tkl = Tokelauan

  | zu = Zulu
  | xh = Xhosa
  | nso = Northern Sotho
  | tn = Tswana
  | st = Sauthern Sotho
  | ts = Tsonga
  | ss = Swazi
  | ve = Venda
  | nr = Sauthern Ndebele
  | nd = Northern Ndebele

 | kl = Greenlandic
  | iu = Inuktitut
  | ipk = Iñupiaq
  | ikt = Inuinnaqtun
  | iku = Inuvialuktun

  | nav = Navajo
  | apw = Western Apache
  | tli = Tlingit
  | eya = Eyak
  | chp = Chipewyan
  | scs = North Slavey
  | xsl = South Slavey
  | dgr = Dogrib
  | crx = Carrier
  | gwi = Gwich'in
  | hup = Hupa
  | ing = Deg Xinag
  | hoi = Holikachuk
  | koy = Koyukon
  | tfn = Dena'ina
  | aht = Ahtna
  | taa = Tanacross
  | tcb = Tanana
  | ttx = Tututni
  | tol = Tolowa
  | srs = Tsuut'ina

  | #default = {{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Norfuk}}
}} IPA pronunciation]]
&lt;noinclude&gt;[[Category:Wt/pih/Header template|pron]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Category:Wt/rgn/Diziuneri</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>3804305</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305352</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:32:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TheFlagandAnthemGuy</username>
        <id>2568147</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;==Ucidentel== *{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar  |var =RO  |aut =Franco Ponseggi  |tit =Nuovo Vocabolario Romagnolo  |ann =2024  |edi =Tempo al libro  |loc =Fënza  |edz =I  |vol =  |ser =  |cap =  |pag =  |tra =  |isb =9791281307117  |doi =  |url = }} ===Fënza=== *{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar  |var =RO  |aut =Antonio Morri  |tit =Vocabolario romagnolo-italiano  |ann =1840  |edi =Conti  |loc =Fënza  |edz =  |vol =  |ser =  |cap =  |pag =  |tra =  |isb =  |doi =  |url =https://books.google...&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="1306" sha1="kak0i1cbwxqyca3vgnumk234txisacd" xml:space="preserve">==Ucidentel==
*{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
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 |ann =2024
 |edi =Tempo al libro
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 |edz =I
 |vol =
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}}
===Fënza===
*{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Antonio Morri
 |tit =Vocabolario romagnolo-italiano
 |ann =1840
 |edi =Conti
 |loc =Fënza
 |edz =
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =
 |tra =
 |isb =
 |doi =
 |url =https://books.google.it/books?id=e81FAAAAcAAJ&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;source=gbs_ge_summary_r&amp;cad=0#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false
}}
===Jomla===
*{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Antonio Mattioli
 |tit =Vocabolario Romagnolo-Italiano
 |ann =1879
 |edi =Tipografia d'I Galeati e Figlio
 |loc =Jomla
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =
 |tra =
 |isb =
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}}
===Ravena===
*{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Libero Ercolani
 |tit =Vocabolario Romagnolo-Italiano
 |ann =1970
 |edi =Monte di Ravenna
 |loc =Ravêna
 |edz =I
 |vol =
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}}

== Urintel ==
*{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =SM
 |aut =
 |tit =Dizionario di dialetto sammarinese
 |ann =2021
 |edi =Ente Cassa di Faetano
 |loc =San Marèin
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =
 |tra =
 |isb =
 |doi =
 |url =
}}

[[Category:Wt/rgn]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>7305353</id>
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        <id>2568147</id>
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      <text bytes="1578" sha1="rca35zgjdp81xkmr85ehtj4tc9hyc73" xml:space="preserve">==Ucidentel==
*{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Franco Ponseggi
 |tit =Nuovo Vocabolario Romagnolo
 |ann =2024
 |edi =Tempo al libro
 |loc =Fënza
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =
 |tra =
 |isb =9791281307117
 |doi =
 |url =
}}
===Bagnacaval===
*{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Giorgio Lazzari
 |tit =Dizionario Etimologico Romagnolo
 |ann =2020
 |edi =Il Ponte Vecchio
 |loc =Ciṡaina
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =
 |tra =
 |isb =9788865419038
 |doi =
 |url =
}}
===Fënza===
*{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Antonio Morri
 |tit =Vocabolario romagnolo-italiano
 |ann =1840
 |edi =Conti
 |loc =Fënza
 |edz =
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =
 |tra =
 |isb =
 |doi =
 |url =https://books.google.it/books?id=e81FAAAAcAAJ&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;source=gbs_ge_summary_r&amp;cad=0#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false
}}
===Jomla===
*{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Antonio Mattioli
 |tit =Vocabolario Romagnolo-Italiano
 |ann =1879
 |edi =Tipografia d'I Galeati e Figlio
 |loc =Jomla
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =
 |tra =
 |isb =
 |doi =
 |url =
}}
===Ravena===
*{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =RO
 |aut =Libero Ercolani
 |tit =Vocabolario Romagnolo-Italiano
 |ann =1970
 |edi =Monte di Ravenna
 |loc =Ravêna
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =
 |tra =
 |isb =
 |doi =
 |url =
}}

== Urintel ==
*{{Wt/rgn/Zita lìvar
 |var =SM
 |aut =Graziano Bartolini
 |tit =Dizionario di dialetto sammarinese
 |ann =2021
 |edi =Ente Cassa di Faetano
 |loc =San Marèin
 |edz =I
 |vol =
 |ser =
 |cap =
 |pag =
 |tra =
 |isb =
 |doi =
 |url =
}}

[[Category:Wt/rgn]]</text>
      <sha1>rca35zgjdp81xkmr85ehtj4tc9hyc73</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Template:Wt/pih/IPA</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804306</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305355</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:57:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;description&quot; style=&quot;color:#555; font-size:90%;&quot;&gt;[[w:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]&lt;sup&gt;([[w:Help:IPA|key]])&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;IPA&quot; title=&quot;Representation en t' Entanashunal Phonetik Alphabet (IPA)&quot; style=&quot;font-family: 'Arial';&quot;&gt;/{{{1|}}}/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Wt/pih/Documentation|Template:Wt/pih/IPA/doc}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305355</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="373" sha1="hfxxnmwjkhieid3vq8r32w7i0ovfeea" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;description&quot; style=&quot;color:#555; font-size:90%;&quot;&gt;[[w:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]&lt;sup&gt;([[w:Help:IPA|key]])&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;IPA&quot; title=&quot;Representation en t' Entanashunal Phonetik Alphabet (IPA)&quot; style=&quot;font-family: 'Arial';&quot;&gt;/{{{1|}}}/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Wt/pih/Documentation|Template:Wt/pih/IPA/doc}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>hfxxnmwjkhieid3vq8r32w7i0ovfeea</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305356</id>
      <parentid>7305355</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:58:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q5751017]]</comment>
      <origin>7305356</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="398" sha1="5522te0q4ctoarf5gg9vicm3ptwtnmz" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;description&quot; style=&quot;color:#555; font-size:90%;&quot;&gt;[[w:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]&lt;sup&gt;([[w:Help:IPA|key]])&lt;/sup&gt;:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;IPA&quot; title=&quot;Representation en t' Entanashunal Phonetik Alphabet (IPA)&quot; style=&quot;font-family: 'Arial';&quot;&gt;/{{{1|}}}/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Wt/pih/Documentation|Template:Wt/pih/IPA/doc}}


{{INTERWIKI|Q5751017}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>5522te0q4ctoarf5gg9vicm3ptwtnmz</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>User talk:Alhamzetou</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>3804307</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305357</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T09:58:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Welcoming Bot</username>
        <id>9525</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!</comment>
      <origin>7305357</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1014" sha1="3abc9b859lw61us7i0zv7waugf200b1" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|lang-support=Language support
|float=right
}}

Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 09:58, 5 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>3abc9b859lw61us7i0zv7waugf200b1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Oumar Younoussa</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>3804308</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305358</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:03:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Welcoming Bot</username>
        <id>9525</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!</comment>
      <origin>7305358</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1014" sha1="8xmqrm23l00m16c5z92n45oushomtue" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|lang-support=Language support
|float=right
}}

Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 10:03, 5 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>8xmqrm23l00m16c5z92n45oushomtue</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Bookforgho</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>3804309</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305363</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:25:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Welcoming Bot</username>
        <id>9525</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!</comment>
      <origin>7305363</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1014" sha1="7w73x49ii96ww2ggsy4tef61jvoz708" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|lang-support=Language support
|float=right
}}

Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 10:25, 5 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>7w73x49ii96ww2ggsy4tef61jvoz708</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Wt/pih/wikipedia</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804310</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305370</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:27:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{#invoke:Wt/pih/interproject|wikipedia_box}}&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Wt/pih/Documentation|Template:Wt/pih/wikipedia/doc}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305370</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="122" sha1="o0omzkz3ajmtn4z4m6tojsvypi3p8zy" xml:space="preserve">{{#invoke:Wt/pih/interproject|wikipedia_box}}&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Wt/pih/Documentation|Template:Wt/pih/wikipedia/doc}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>o0omzkz3ajmtn4z4m6tojsvypi3p8zy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305377</id>
      <parentid>7305370</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:32:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Adding interwiki links to [[d:Q6275256]]</comment>
      <origin>7305377</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="147" sha1="aodzj34h5x2v5vxhijn3amgniwg9bj0" xml:space="preserve">{{#invoke:Wt/pih/interproject|wikipedia_box}}&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Wt/pih/Documentation|Template:Wt/pih/wikipedia/doc}}

{{INTERWIKI|Q6275256}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>aodzj34h5x2v5vxhijn3amgniwg9bj0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305382</id>
      <parentid>7305377</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:44:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Fixed error</comment>
      <origin>7305382</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="138" sha1="jbavd1tn518pzj303lmrlrsqaa0k60l" xml:space="preserve">{{#invoke:Wt/pih/interproject|main}}&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Wt/pih/Documentation|Template:Wt/pih/wikipedia/doc}}

{{INTERWIKI|Q6275256}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>jbavd1tn518pzj303lmrlrsqaa0k60l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Wt/pih/interproject</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3804311</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305374</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:32:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;local p = {}  function p.main(frame)     -- Fetch parameters passed directly to the template     local args = frame:getParent().args     local param1 = args[1] or &quot;&quot;     local param2 = args[2] or &quot;&quot;     local lang_override = args[&quot;lang&quot;] or &quot;&quot;          -- Trim whitespace helper function     local function trim(s)         return s:match(&quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&quot;)     end      -- Base styling configurations for the box container     local box_start = '&lt;div class=&quot;sister-box wikipedia...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305374</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="3343" sha1="jibsyk52ibf225yi8fv2rt873knpohx" xml:space="preserve">local p = {}

function p.main(frame)
    -- Fetch parameters passed directly to the template
    local args = frame:getParent().args
    local param1 = args[1] or &quot;&quot;
    local param2 = args[2] or &quot;&quot;
    local lang_override = args[&quot;lang&quot;] or &quot;&quot;
    
    -- Trim whitespace helper function
    local function trim(s)
        return s:match(&quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&quot;)
    end

    -- Base styling configurations for the box container
    local box_start = '&lt;div class=&quot;sister-box wikipedia-box&quot; style=&quot;border: 1px solid #aaa; background-color: #f9f9f9; width: 260px; float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; padding: 0.5em; font-size: 85%; line-height: 1.5em;&quot;&gt;'
    local img_icon  = '&lt;div style=&quot;float: left; margin-right: 0.5em;&quot;&gt;[[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|32px|link=]]&lt;/div&gt;'
    local content_start = '&lt;div style=&quot;margin-left: 38px;&quot;&gt;'
    local box_end   = '&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'

    -- Scenario A: Empty Input -&gt; Default to current page name on Norfuk Wikipedia
    if trim(param1) == &quot;&quot; then
        local pagename = frame:preprocess(&quot;{{PAGENAME}}&quot;)
        local output = box_start .. img_icon .. content_start .. 'Wun artikal es deya on [[Wikkapedya]]:-&lt;br&gt;'
        output = output .. '&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-size: 115%; margin-top: 0.2em;&quot;&gt;[[w:hi:' .. pagename .. '|' .. pagename .. ']]&lt;/div&gt;' .. box_end
        return output
    end

    -- Scenario B: Explicit Multi-Language Comma-Separated List Found
    if string.find(param1, &quot;,&quot;) or string.find(param1, &quot;:&quot;) then
        local output = box_start .. img_icon .. content_start .. 'T′ following artikals ar deya on [[Wikkapedya]] :-&lt;br&gt;'
        output = output .. '&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top: 0.2em; text-align: left; padding-left: 5px; list-style-type: none;&quot;&gt;'
        
        -- Loop through items separated by commas safely via regex split
        for item in string.gmatch(param1, &quot;([^,]+)&quot;) do
            item = trim(item)
            if item ~= &quot;&quot; then
                -- Slice the prefix lang code apart from the article title at the colon separator
                local colon_idx = string.find(item, &quot;:&quot;)
                if colon_idx then
                    local lang = trim(string.sub(item, 1, colon_idx - 1))
                    local article = trim(string.sub(item, colon_idx + 1))
                    output = output .. '&lt;li&gt; [[w:' .. lang .. ':' .. article .. '|' .. article .. ' &lt;sup style=&quot;color:#555; font-size:80%; font-weight:bold;&quot;&gt;(' .. lang .. ')&lt;/sup&gt;]]\n &lt;/li&gt;'
                else
                    -- Fallback string defense if a single item lacks a prefix colon marker
                    output = output .. '&lt;li&gt; [[Wp/pih/' .. item .. '|' .. item .. ']]\n &lt;/li&gt;'
                end
            end
        end
        
        output = output .. '&lt;/div&gt;' .. box_end
        return output
    end

    -- Scenario C: Standard Layout Mode (Single standard parameter string)
    local target_lang = (trim(lang_override) ~= &quot;&quot;) and lang_override or &quot;hi&quot;
    local target_label = (trim(param2) ~= &quot;&quot;) and param2 or param1
    
    local output = box_start .. img_icon .. content_start .. 'Wun artikal es deya on [[Wikkapedya]]:-&lt;br&gt;'
    output = output .. '&lt;div style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-size: 115%; margin-top: 0.2em;&quot;&gt;[[w:' .. target_lang .. ':' .. param1 .. '|' .. target_label .. ']]&lt;/div&gt;' .. box_end
    return output
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>jibsyk52ibf225yi8fv2rt873knpohx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/ses/Ir ma tangam soŋay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804312</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305375</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:32:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-48101-94</username>
        <id>2703430</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Ir ma tangam Soŋay šennoo se (Ir šennoo se) ir ma zogu banda ka jina honnay. Šenney kul kaŋ goo no, bay ka tee i si gaabi, hõ i goo no i gaabi. Saadin g'ir m'ir šennoo gaabandi.  [[Category:Wp/ses]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305375</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="205" sha1="3kk2rlzv19trgd5wmvtnjhcppx2rf3w" xml:space="preserve">Ir ma tangam Soŋay šennoo se (Ir šennoo se) ir ma zogu banda ka jina honnay. Šenney kul kaŋ goo no, bay ka tee i si gaabi, hõ i goo no i gaabi. Saadin g'ir m'ir šennoo gaabandi.

[[Category:Wp/ses]]</text>
      <sha1>3kk2rlzv19trgd5wmvtnjhcppx2rf3w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Oumar Younoussa</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>3804313</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305383</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:44:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Oumar Younoussa</username>
        <id>2703423</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Footan</comment>
      <origin>7305383</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="51" sha1="fvsy004fz90urjxej2n9p2si5fml9a5" xml:space="preserve">ay jamais foo, war m'alhaa nan nda gay cara gayyan.</text>
      <sha1>fvsy004fz90urjxej2n9p2si5fml9a5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305387</id>
      <parentid>7305383</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T10:52:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Oumar Younoussa</username>
        <id>2703423</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Jama</comment>
      <origin>7305387</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="50" sha1="p217cca34f9gpipq9r2ji8pstwcl4zs" xml:space="preserve">ay jamai foo, war m'alhaa nan nda gay cara gayyan.</text>
      <sha1>p217cca34f9gpipq9r2ji8pstwcl4zs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/buk/Буковинці</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804314</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305389</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:18:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;'''Буковинец''', '''Буковинка''', '''Буковинці''' ([[Wp/buk/Українска мова|українска]] – Буковинець, Буковинка, Буковинці) — катойконім людей, єкі жили й живуть на Буковині. Є ше й другі катойконіми:  * Буковинский українец – українці, шо живуть на Буковині, особливо в Півн...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305389</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1005" sha1="1fbcw7sh2flxya3pzwlo6ggxp9lwsds" xml:space="preserve">'''Буковинец''', '''Буковинка''', '''Буковинці''' ([[Wp/buk/Українска мова|українска]] – Буковинець, Буковинка, Буковинці) — катойконім людей, єкі жили й живуть на Буковині. Є ше й другі катойконіми:

* Буковинский українец – українці, шо живуть на Буковині, особливо в Північній Буковині
* Буковинский румун – румуни, шо живуть на Буковині, особливо в Південній Буковині
* Буковинский єврей – євреї, шо живуть на Буковині
* [[Wp/buk/Буковинскі німці|Буковинский німец]] – німці, шо живуть на Буковині
* Буковинский пшек (поляк) – поляки, шо живуть на Буковині

[[Category:Wp/buk]]</text>
      <sha1>1fbcw7sh2flxya3pzwlo6ggxp9lwsds</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305393</id>
      <parentid>7305389</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:20:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305393</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1006" sha1="3x7y9r12dp6qnzqbkpqbrfwzh2zzcz3" xml:space="preserve">'''Буковинец''', '''Буковинка''', '''Буковинці''' ([[Wp/buk/Українска мова|українска]]: ''Буковинець, Буковинка, Буковинці'') — катойконім людей, єкі жили й живуть на Буковині. Є ше й другі катойконіми:

* Буковинский українец – українці, шо живуть на Буковині, особливо в Північній Буковині
* Буковинский румун – румуни, шо живуть на Буковині, особливо в Південній Буковині
* Буковинский єврей – євреї, шо живуть на Буковині
* [[Wp/buk/Буковинскі німці|Буковинский німец]] – німці, шо живуть на Буковині
* Буковинский пшек (поляк) – поляки, шо живуть на Буковині

[[Category:Wp/buk]]</text>
      <sha1>3x7y9r12dp6qnzqbkpqbrfwzh2zzcz3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wp/buk/Друга Річ Посполита</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3804315</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305394</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:20:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Wp/buk/Друга Річ Посполита}}'''Друга Річ Посполита''', також '''Друга Польска Республіка''', '''Польска Республіка''' ([[Wp/buk/Польска мова|польскоў]]: ''II Rzeczpospolita, II Rzeczpospolita Polska, Rzeczpospolita Polska'') — польска держава, створена у [[Wp/buk/1918 рік|1918 році]], також валютоў початково польск...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305394</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="946" sha1="ewdmlexifxkgufm3lxo9pwg8n8ayme0" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/buk/Друга Річ Посполита}}'''Друга Річ Посполита''', також '''Друга Польска Республіка''', '''Польска Республіка''' ([[Wp/buk/Польска мова|польскоў]]: ''II Rzeczpospolita, II Rzeczpospolita Polska, Rzeczpospolita Polska'') — польска держава, створена у [[Wp/buk/1918 рік|1918 році]], також валютоў початково польска марка, а від 1924 року — польский злотий. Остаточні кордони проголошеної Польскої Республіки або Другої Речі Посполитої, єкі визнала Ліга Націй, склалисє в 1923 році. У 1939 була завойована Німецким Рейхом і Союзом Радянских Соціалістичних Республік.

[[Category:Wp/buk]]</text>
      <sha1>ewdmlexifxkgufm3lxo9pwg8n8ayme0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Ibrasadou</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>3804316</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305396</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:21:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Welcoming Bot</username>
        <id>9525</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!</comment>
      <origin>7305396</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1014" sha1="elyn3zek2y3ktnv0tvpvr24bhcenzah" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.5em;&quot;&gt;
{{Welcome-toolbox
|create=(to create a wiki)
|lang-support=Language support
|float=right
}}

Welcome to Wikimedia Incubator!
At the right there are some important links, and here are some tips and info:
* If you haven't created a user page yet, please [[Special:MyPage|create one]] with for example [[Incubator:Babel|Babel templates]] on it.
* You can select your interface language in [[Special:Preferences|your preferences]].
* If you make articles, templates or categories, don't forget to add a [[Help:FAQ#Prefix|prefix]]!
* If your knowledge of English is good, you can [[Incubator:Translation project|help with translating]] pages to other languages you know, so more people can understand them!
* If you want to translate the interface, please go to [[translatewiki:|Translatewiki.net]] and follow their instructions.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them on [[Incubator:Community Portal]].
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Welcoming Bot|Welcoming Bot]] 11:21, 5 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>elyn3zek2y3ktnv0tvpvr24bhcenzah</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Wp/buk/Друга Річ Посполита</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804317</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305398</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:22:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Колишня країна |native_name = Польска Республіка |conventional_long_name = &lt;small&gt;[[Польска мова|польскоў]]: ''Rzeczpospolita Polska''&lt;/small&gt; |common_name = Польша| |continent   = Європа |region      = Центральна |era         = [[Інтербелум|Міжвоєнний період]] |government_type = [[Тимчасовий уряд]] (1918—1922),&lt;br&gt;Парламентска республі...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305398</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4148" sha1="rvonvp2qzpnamgzjkeziems4ms1lcx0" xml:space="preserve">{{Колишня країна
|native_name = Польска Республіка
|conventional_long_name = &lt;small&gt;[[Польска мова|польскоў]]: ''Rzeczpospolita Polska''&lt;/small&gt;
|common_name = Польша|
|continent   = Європа
|region      = Центральна
|era         = [[Інтербелум|Міжвоєнний період]]
|government_type = [[Тимчасовий уряд]] (1918—1922),&lt;br&gt;[[Парламентска республіка|Парламентска]] [[республіка]] (1919—1935),&lt;br&gt;[[Президентска республіка]] з керованоў демократієў за санації. (1935—1939), [[уряд у вигнанні]] (1939-1990).|
|year_start  = 1918
|date_start  = 11 листопада 1918
|event_start = [[Перша світова війна]]
|year_end    = 1939
|date_end    = 5 липнє 1945&lt;ref&gt;Припинення визнаннє польского уряду у вигнанні.&lt;/ref&gt;
|event_end   = [[Ялтинска конференція]]|
|p1          = Королівство Польске (1916—1918)
|flag_p1     = Flag of Poland (1919–1928).svg.png
|s1          = Війскова адміністрація у Польші
|flag_s1     = War Ensign of Germany (1938–1945).svg.png
|image_flag  = Flag of Poland (1928–1980).svg.png
|flag        = Прапор Польші
|flag_type   = Прапор|
|image_coat  = Coat of arms of Poland (1928–1939).svg.png
|symbol      = Герб Польші
|symbol_type = Герб|
|image_map   = Poland 1930.svg.png
|image_map_caption = 
|capital     = [[Варшава]]
|latd        = 52
|latm        = 13
|latNS       = N
|longd       = 21
|longm       = 00
|longEW      = E|
|national_anthem = ''[[Mazurek Dąbrowskiego|Мазурек Добровскєго]]''&lt;small&gt; ''Mazurek Dąbrowskiego'' ([[Польска мова|Польскоў]])
|common_languages = [[Польска мова|польска]]
|religion    = ''Державної нема''
|currency    = [[Польска марка|марка]] (до 1924)&lt;br/&gt;[[злотий]] (після 1924)||[[Начальник держави]]|[[Юзеф Пілсудский]]
|year_leader = 1918-1922
|title_leader = [[Президент Польші|Президент]]
|leader      = [[Юзеф Пілсудский]]
|title_deputy = [[Прем'єр-міністр Польскої Республіки|Прем'єр-міністр]]
|deputy1     = [[Прем'єр-міністр Польскої Республіки|Перелік]]|
|legislature = [[Сейм Республіки Польша|Сейм]]
|house1      = Сенат
|type_house1 = верхня палата
|house2      = Сейм
|type_house2 = нижня палата|
|stat_year1  = 1921
|stat_area1  = 387000
|stat_pop1   = 27177000
|stat_year2  = 1931
|stat_area2  = 388634
|stat_pop2   = 32107000
|stat_year3  = 1939
|stat_area3  = 389720
|stat_pop3   = 34849000
|footnotes   = &lt;!--- Accepts wikilinks ---&gt;
|title_representative = [[Маршал]]&lt;ref&gt; З 1926 року маршал Польші був моральним та політичним авторитетом, попри те, шо офіційно не був при владі. Пілсудский був провідноў фігуроў політичного табору Санації, метою єкого було зціленнє слабких сторін парламентаризму.&lt;/ref&gt;
|title_representative1 = '''[[Президент (державна посада)|Президент]]'''
|year_leader1 = 1918-1922
|leader1     = '''[[Юзеф Пілсудский]]''' ([[Начальник держави]])
|leader2     = [[Габрієль Нарутович]]
|year_leader2 = 1922
|leader3     = [[Станіслав Войцехоўский]]
|year_leader3 = 1922—1926
|leader4     = [[Ігнацій Мосцицкий]]
|year_leader4 = 1926—1939
|year_representative1 = 1926—1935
|representative1 = ''' [[Юзеф Пілсудский]]'''
|representative2 = [[Едвард Ридз-Сміглий]]
|year_representative2 = 1935—1939
}}</text>
      <sha1>rvonvp2qzpnamgzjkeziems4ms1lcx0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305404</id>
      <parentid>7305398</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:26:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305404</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4168" sha1="a8ratts4ka390srw2wnjm4zu8a7k9q0" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/buk/Картка:Колишня країна
|native_name = Польска Республіка
|conventional_long_name = &lt;small&gt;[[Польска мова|польскоў]]: ''Rzeczpospolita Polska''&lt;/small&gt;
|common_name = Польша|
|continent   = Європа
|region      = Центральна
|era         = [[Інтербелум|Міжвоєнний період]]
|government_type = [[Тимчасовий уряд]] (1918—1922),&lt;br&gt;[[Парламентска республіка|Парламентска]] [[республіка]] (1919—1935),&lt;br&gt;[[Президентска республіка]] з керованоў демократієў за санації. (1935—1939), [[уряд у вигнанні]] (1939-1990).|
|year_start  = 1918
|date_start  = 11 листопада 1918
|event_start = [[Перша світова війна]]
|year_end    = 1939
|date_end    = 5 липнє 1945&lt;ref&gt;Припинення визнаннє польского уряду у вигнанні.&lt;/ref&gt;
|event_end   = [[Ялтинска конференція]]|
|p1          = Королівство Польске (1916—1918)
|flag_p1     = Flag of Poland (1919–1928).svg.png
|s1          = Війскова адміністрація у Польші
|flag_s1     = War Ensign of Germany (1938–1945).svg.png
|image_flag  = Flag of Poland (1928–1980).svg.png
|flag        = Прапор Польші
|flag_type   = Прапор|
|image_coat  = Coat of arms of Poland (1928–1939).svg.png
|symbol      = Герб Польші
|symbol_type = Герб|
|image_map   = Poland 1930.svg.png
|image_map_caption = 
|capital     = [[Варшава]]
|latd        = 52
|latm        = 13
|latNS       = N
|longd       = 21
|longm       = 00
|longEW      = E|
|national_anthem = ''[[Mazurek Dąbrowskiego|Мазурек Добровскєго]]''&lt;small&gt; ''Mazurek Dąbrowskiego'' ([[Польска мова|Польскоў]])
|common_languages = [[Польска мова|польска]]
|religion    = ''Державної нема''
|currency    = [[Польска марка|марка]] (до 1924)&lt;br/&gt;[[злотий]] (після 1924)||[[Начальник держави]]|[[Юзеф Пілсудский]]
|year_leader = 1918-1922
|title_leader = [[Президент Польші|Президент]]
|leader      = [[Юзеф Пілсудский]]
|title_deputy = [[Прем'єр-міністр Польскої Республіки|Прем'єр-міністр]]
|deputy1     = [[Прем'єр-міністр Польскої Республіки|Перелік]]|
|legislature = [[Сейм Республіки Польша|Сейм]]
|house1      = Сенат
|type_house1 = верхня палата
|house2      = Сейм
|type_house2 = нижня палата|
|stat_year1  = 1921
|stat_area1  = 387000
|stat_pop1   = 27177000
|stat_year2  = 1931
|stat_area2  = 388634
|stat_pop2   = 32107000
|stat_year3  = 1939
|stat_area3  = 389720
|stat_pop3   = 34849000
|footnotes   = &lt;!--- Accepts wikilinks ---&gt;
|title_representative = [[Маршал]]&lt;ref&gt; З 1926 року маршал Польші був моральним та політичним авторитетом, попри те, шо офіційно не був при владі. Пілсудский був провідноў фігуроў політичного табору Санації, метою єкого було зціленнє слабких сторін парламентаризму.&lt;/ref&gt;
|title_representative1 = '''[[Президент (державна посада)|Президент]]'''
|year_leader1 = 1918-1922
|leader1     = '''[[Юзеф Пілсудский]]''' ([[Начальник держави]])
|leader2     = [[Габрієль Нарутович]]
|year_leader2 = 1922
|leader3     = [[Станіслав Войцехоўский]]
|year_leader3 = 1922—1926
|leader4     = [[Ігнацій Мосцицкий]]
|year_leader4 = 1926—1939
|year_representative1 = 1926—1935
|representative1 = ''' [[Юзеф Пілсудский]]'''
|representative2 = [[Едвард Ридз-Сміглий]]
|year_representative2 = 1935—1939
}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Wp/buk/Картка:Колишня країна</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804318</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305409</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:30:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{esoteric}} {{Ombox | type = notice | image = [[Файл:Tools.svg|40px|link=|alt=]] | text = '''Цей шаблон перебуває в постійному процесі вдосконалення.'''&lt;br&gt; Через різноманітність історичних держав і форм державного устрою він може потребувати додаткового налаштування для окремих статей. Якщо...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305409</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="46830" sha1="6z7xdq47lf12k14egulzt6p5sl3koq2" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{esoteric}}
{{Ombox
| type = notice
| image = [[Файл:Tools.svg|40px|link=|alt=]]
| text = '''Цей шаблон перебуває в постійному процесі вдосконалення.'''&lt;br&gt;
Через різноманітність історичних держав і форм державного устрою він може потребувати додаткового налаштування для окремих статей. Якщо під час використання шаблону виникають проблеми, будь ласка, повідомте про них на [[Обговорення шаблону:Картка:Колишня країна|сторінці обговорення шаблону]].
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot; padding-top:0.75em; {{Float right}}; background:none; margin:0 0em 1em .25em; width:{{{width|290px}}}; text-align:center; &lt;!--font-size:85%;--&gt; line-height:1.4em;&quot;&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!--------------Section that checks if critical information is missing-------------&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{common_name|}}}||&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt;'''Увага''':  ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|common_name]]&quot;''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|N]]}}&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{continent|}}}|
 {{#switch:{{{region}}}
  |Італія= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави Італії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Балкани = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення на Балканах|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Британські острови = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Британських островів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Нідерланди = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Нідерландів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Китай = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Китаю|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Японія= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Японії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Україна= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави України|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Білорусі= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Білорусі|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Росія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Євразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Корея = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави  Кореї|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |#default = {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{country}}}}}
    |Китай = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави  Китаю|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Японія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Японії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Корея = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Кореї|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Малайзія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Малайзії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |#default = {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{continent}}}}}
      |Європа = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Азія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Північна Америка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Північної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]}}
      |Південна Америка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Південної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]}}
      |Африка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Океанія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Океанії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Євразія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Євразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Афроєвразія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Афроєвразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt;'''Увага''': ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|continent]]&quot; [[Template:Infobox_Former_Country/Instructions#Location|does not comply]]''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|C]]}}&lt;/span&gt;
  }}}}}}
 |&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt; '''Увага''': ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|continent]]&quot;''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|C]]}}&lt;/span&gt;}}&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!-- Categorisation for status, now separate from its placement within infobox to make the coding clearer 
--&gt;{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| 
 {{#if:{{{status|}}}| {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{status}}}}}
  |Імперія = [[Категорія:Колишні імперії|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Федерація |Федеративний = [[Категорія:Колишні федерації|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Конфедерація = [[Категорія:Колишні конфедерації|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Союз держав|Державний союз |Союз = [[Категорія:Колишні союзи держав|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  |Невизначений|Невідомо |Невизнана держава =[[Категорія:Колишні невизнані держави|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Місто-держава|Поліс |Держава-місто |Місто = [[Категорія:Колишні міста-держави|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Співдружність = [[Категорія:Колишні співдружності|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Мандат Ліги Націй|Ліга Націй |Мандат = [[Категорія:Мандати Ліги Націй|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |United Nations Trust Territory| UN Trust Territory |Trust Territory=[[Категорія:United Nations Trust Territories|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |Протекторат= [[Категорія:Колишні {{#switch:{{{empire}}}|Велика Британія|UK|Britain=британські}} протекторати|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |Кліент|Держава кліент|Клієнт|Держава-клієнт ={{#switch:{{{empire|}}}
    |Перша французька імперія | Франція = [[Категорія:Держави-клієнти Великої французької війни|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |#default =  [[Категорія:Колишні держави-клієнти|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }}
  |Васал={{#switch:{{{empire|}}}
    |Священна Римська імперія| СРІ = [[Категорія:Держави Священної Римської імперії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |#default =  [[Категорія:Колишні держави-васали|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }}
  |Сателіт|Держава сателіт | Держава сателіт =[[Категорія:Держави-сателіти|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Колонія ={{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{empire}}}}}
    |United Kingdom |UK |British Empire |England| Britain= [[Категорія:Колишні британські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Франція|Французька імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Франції|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Голандія|Нідерланди =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Нідерландів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Бельгія =[[Категорія:Колишні бельгійські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Іспанія|Ісранська імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні іспанські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Португалія =[[Категорія:Колишні португальські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Німеччина|Німецька імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні німецькі колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Італія =[[Категорія:Колишні італійські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Швеція =[[Категорія:Колишні шведські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Данія =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Данії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Норвегія =[[Категорія:Колишні норвежзькі колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Японія =[[Категорія:Колишні японські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |#default = [[Категорія:Колишні колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  }}
  |Екзиль|Уряд в екзилі = [[Категорія:Уряди в екзилі|{{{common_name}}}]] 
  |Тимчасовий|Тимчасовий уряд|Тимчасові уряди = [[Категорія:Тимчасові уряди|{{{common_name}}}]] 
  |Особливий|Особлива територія|Військова окупація= [[Категорія:Особливі території|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |#default=[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|S]]
}}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!------------------------------Infobox proper begins------------------------------&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;{{Картка
|клас_тіла     = ib-country vcard
|стиль_тіла    = width:{{{width|290px}}};
|клас_угорі    = mergedtoprow
|стилі_шаблону = Шаблон:Картка країни/styles.css
|стиль_угорі   = line-height:1.2em; font-size:135%;font-weight:bold;
|угорі         = {{#if:{{{native_name|}}} 
 | {{{native_name}}} {{#if:{{{conventional_long_name|}}} 
   | &lt;br/&gt;{{{conventional_long_name}}}
   }}
 | {{#if:{{{conventional_long_name|}}} 
   | {{{conventional_long_name}}}
   | ''Помилка: No name(s) given'' {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|N]]}}
   }}
}}

|підзаголовок1 = {{#if:{{{status|}}}|{{Картка країни/текст статусу|status={{{status|}}}|status_text={{{status_text|}}}|empire={{{empire|}}}|year_end={{{year_end|}}}|year_exile_start={{{year_exile_start|}}}|year_exile_end={{{year_exile_end|}}} }} }}
|підзаголовок2 = {{(!}} width=100% style=&quot;text-align:center; margin:0 auto; background:none; color: var(--color-base, #202122)&quot;
    {{!}}-
    {{!}}width=50px style=&quot;border:0; vertical-align:middle; font-size:95%; line-height: 105%;&quot;{{!}} {{#if:{{{p2|}}}|[[#before-after|↓]]| {{#ifexist:{{{p1}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p1}}}|link={{{p1}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p1|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p1}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p1|}}}|{{{image_p1}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p1}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p1}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p1}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p1}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p2}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p2}}}|link={{{p2}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p2|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p2}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p2|}}}|{{{image_p2}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p2}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p2}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p2}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p2}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p3}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p3}}}|link={{{p3}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p3|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p3}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p3|}}}|{{{image_p3}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p3}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p3}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p3}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p3}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p4}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p4}}}|link={{{p4}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p4|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p4}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p4|}}}|{{{image_p4}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p4}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p4}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p4}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p4}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}}  {{#ifexist:{{{p5}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p5}}}|link={{{p5}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p5|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p5}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p5|}}}|{{{image_p5}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p5}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p5}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p5}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p5}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}}}}
    {{!}}style=&quot;vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:115%; border:0&quot; {{!}} {{#if:{{{year_end|}}}| {{#if:{{{life_span|}}}|''' {{{life_span}}} ''' |'''{{#ifeq:{{{year_start|}}}|{{{year_end}}}|{{{year_start}}}|{{#if:{{{year_start|}}}|{{{year_start}}}&amp;nbsp;–&amp;nbsp;}}{{{year_end}}}}}'''}} |'''Life span?'''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|Y]]}} }}
    {{!}}width=50px style=&quot;border:0; vertical-align: middle;  line-height: 105%;&quot;{{!}} {{#if:{{{s2|}}}|[[#before-after|↓]]| {{#ifexist:{{{s1}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s1}}}|link={{{s1}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s1|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s1}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s1|}}}|{{{image_s1}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s1}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s1}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s1}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s1}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s2}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s2}}}|link={{{s2}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s2|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s2}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s2|}}}|{{{image_s2}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s2}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s2}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s2}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s2}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s3}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s3}}}|link={{{s3}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_s3|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s3}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s3|}}}|{{{image_s3}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s3}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s3}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s3}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s3}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s4}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s4}}}|link={{{s4}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s4|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s4}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s4|}}}|{{{image_s4}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s4}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s4}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s4}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s4}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}}  {{#ifexist:{{{s5}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s5}}}|link={{{s5}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_s5|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s5}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s5|}}}|{{{image_s5}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s5}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s5}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s5}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s5}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} }}
    {{!)}}
|зображення1 = {{#if:{{{image_coat|}}}{{{image_symbol|}}}{{{image_flag|}}}{{{image_flag2|}}}
  |{{Картка країни/таблиця зображень
    |зображення1а = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{{image_flag|}}}|sizedefault=125px|size={{{flag_width|{{{flag_size|}}}}}}|maxsize=250|border={{yesno |{{{flag_border|}}}|yes=yes|blank=yes}}|alt={{{alt_flag|{{{flag_alt|}}}}}}|title=Прапор {{{common_name|{{{name|{{{linking_name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}}}}
    |зображення1б = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{{image_flag2|}}}|sizedefault=125px|size={{{flag_width|}}}|maxsize=250|border={{yesno |{{{flag2_border|}}}|yes=yes|blank=yes}}|alt={{{alt_flag2|{{{flag_alt2|}}}}}}}}
    |підпис1= {{#ifexist:{{if empty |{{{flag_type_article|}}} |{{{flag|}}} | {{if empty |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} |[[{{if empty |{{{flag_type_article|}}} |{{{flag|}}} |{{if empty |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }}|{{if empty |{{{flag_caption|}}} |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}}]] |{{if empty |{{{flag_caption|}}} |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} }}
    |зображення2а  = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{if empty|{{{image_coat|}}}|{{{image_symbol|}}}}} |size={{{symbol_width|{{{coa_size|}}}}}}|sizedefault=85px|alt={{#if:{{{image_coat|}}}|{{{alt_coat|{{{coat_alt|}}}}}}|{{{alt_symbol|}}}}}|title={{{symbol_type|Герб}}} {{{common_name|{{{name|{{{linking_name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}}}}
    |зображення2б =  {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{if empty|{{{image_coat2|}}}|{{{image_symbol2|}}}}} |size={{{symbol_width|{{{coa_size|}}}}}}|sizedefault=85px|alt={{#if:{{{image_coat2|}}}|{{{alt_coat2|{{{coat_alt2|}}}}}}|{{{alt_symbol2|}}}}}}}
    |підпис2= {{#ifexist:{{if empty |{{{symbol_type_article|}}} |{{{symbol|}}} |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} |[[{{if empty |{{{symbol_type_article|}}} |{{{symbol|}}} |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} | {{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}}]] |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} }}
    }} }}
|текст1 = {{#if: {{{national_motto|}}} |'''[[Девіз]]'''&lt;br/&gt;{{{national_motto}}}}}

|текст2 = {{#if: {{{national_anthem|}}} |
                  '''[[Гімн]]'''&lt;br/&gt;{{#ifexist:{{{national_anthem}}}|{{{national_anthem}}}|{{{national_anthem}}}}}
          }}

|текст3 = {{#if:{{{image_map|}}} |
           [[Image:{{{image_map|&lt;noinclude&gt;Missing map.png&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|{{{image_size|250px}}}|center|{{{common_name}}}: історичні кордони на карті]]&lt;small&gt;{{#if:{{{image_map_caption|}}}|{{{image_map_caption}}}}}&lt;/small&gt;
          }}

|клас_рядка4 = {{#if:{{{capital_exile|}}}|mergedtoprow}} 
|мітка4      = [[Столиця]]
|текст4      =  {{#if:{{{capital|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{capital}}}|[[{{{capital}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: capital]]|{{{capital}}}}}|{{wikidata|p36}}}}{{#if: {{{latd|}}}|&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;{{coord2|{{{latd}}}|{{{latm}}}|{{{latNS}}}|{{{longd}}}|{{{longm}}}|{{{longEW}}}|type:country({{{area}}})}}&lt;/small&gt;}}

|клас_рядка5 = {{#if:{{{capital|}}}| mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка5      = Столиця в екзилі
|текст5      = {{{capital_exile|}}}
|мітка6      = Мови
|текст6      = {{#ifexist:{{{common_languages|}}} language|[[{{{common_languages}}} language|{{{common_languages}}}]] |{{#ifexist:{{{common_languages|}}}|[[{{{common_languages}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: common_languages]]|{{{common_languages|}}}}}}}

|мітка7      = [[Релігія|Релігії]]
|текст7      =  {{#ifexist:{{{religion|}}}|[[{{{religion|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: religion]]|{{{religion|}}}}}

|клас_рядка8 = {{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}{{{title_deputy|}}}{{{title_representative|}}}|mergedtoprow}}
|мітка8      = [[Державний устрій|{{#if:{{{government_type|}}}|Форма правління|{{#if:{{{status|}}}|Державний устрій|Державний устрій}}}}]]
|текст8      =  {{#if:{{{government_type|}}}|{{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{government_type}}}}}
  |Конституційна монархія |конституційна монархія
  |Монархія=[[{{{government_type}}}]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||{{#switch:{{{continent}}}
    |Європа=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Азія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Північна Америка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Північної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]
    |Південна Америка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Південної Америки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Африка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Океанія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Океанії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Євразія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Afroeurasia=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]|[[Категорія:Колишні монархії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    }}}}
  |Республіка|Федеративна республіка|Автономна республіка=[[Республіка]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні республіки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Князівство=[[Князівство]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні князівства|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Соціалістична держава |Соціалістична республіка =[[Соціалістична держава|Соціалістична республіка]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні соціалістичні республіки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Диктатура |Військова диктатура=[[Диктатура]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні диктатури|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Various = 
  |#default = {{#ifexist:{{{government_type}}}|[[{{{government_type}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: government_type]]|{{{government_type}}}}}&lt;!-- ''Value specified for &quot;government_type&quot; [[Template:Infobox_Former_Country/Instructions#Politics|does not comply]]'' --&gt;[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|G]]
  }}|{{#if:{{{status|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{status}}}|[[{{{status}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: status]]|{{{status}}}}}|''Не вказано''}}
}}

|клас_рядка9 = mergedrow
|мітка9      = {{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_leader}}}|[[{{{title_leader}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_leader]]|{{{title_leader}}}}}|{{#switch:{{{government_type}}}|Monarchy=[[{{#ifexist:King of {{{common_name}}}|King of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:King of the {{{common_name}}}|King of the {{{common_name}}}|Monarch}}}}|King]]|Constitutional monarchy=[[{{#ifexist:King of {{{common_name}}}|King of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:King of the {{{common_name}}}|King of the {{{common_name}}}|Monarch}}}}|King]]|[[{{#ifexist:President of {{{common_name}}}|President of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:President of the {{{common_name}}}|President of the {{{common_name}}}|Президент (державна посада)}}}}|Президент]][[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичним президентом]]}}}}
|текст9      = {{#if:{{{year_leader1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{#ifexist:{{{leader1|}}}|[[{{{leader1|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader1]]|{{{leader1|}}}}}}}
|клас_рядка10 = mergedrow
|текст10      = {{#if:{{{year_leader1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_leader1|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader1|}}}|[[{{{leader1|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader1]]|{{{leader1|}}}}} |{{{year_leader2|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader2|}}}|[[{{{leader2|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader2]]|{{{leader2|}}}}}|{{{year_leader3|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader3|}}}|[[{{{leader3|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader3]]|{{{leader3|}}}}} |{{{year_leader4|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader4|}}}|[[{{{leader4|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader4]]|{{{leader4|}}}}} |{{{year_leader5|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader5|}}}|[[{{{leader5|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader5]]|{{{leader5|}}}}} |{{{year_leader6|}}} |{{{leader6|}}} |{{{year_leader7|}}} |{{{leader7|}}} |{{{year_leader8|}}} |{{{leader8|}}} |{{{year_leader9|}}} |{{{leader9|}}} |{{{year_leader10|}}} |{{{leader10|}}} |{{{year_leader11|}}} |{{{leader11|}}}|{{{year_leader12|}}} |{{{leader12|}}}|{{{year_leader13|}}} |{{{leader13|}}}|{{{year_leader14|}}} |{{{leader14|}}}|{{{year_leader15|}}} |{{{leader15|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка11 = mergedrow
|мітка11      = {{#if:{{{title_representative|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_representative}}}|[[{{{title_representative}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_representative]]|{{{title_representative}}}}}|[[{{#ifexist:Governor of {{{common_name}}}|Governor of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist: Governor of the {{{common_name}}}|Governor of the {{{common_name}}}|Governor}}}}|Governor]]}}
|текст11      = {{#if:{{{year_representative1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_representative|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{{representative1|}}}}}
|клас_рядка12 = mergedrow
|текст12      = {{#if:{{{year_representative1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_representative1|}}} |{{{representative1|}}} |{{{year_representative2|}}} |{{{representative2|}}} |{{{year_representative3|}}} |{{{representative3|}}} |{{{year_representative4|}}} |{{{representative4|}}} |{{{year_representative5|}}} |{{{representative5|}}}|{{{year_representative6|}}} |{{{representative6|}}}|{{{year_representative7|}}} |{{{representative7|}}}|{{{year_representative8|}}} |{{{representative8|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка13 = mergedrow
|мітка13      = {{#if:{{{title_deputy|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_deputy}}}|[[{{{title_deputy}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_deputy]]|{{{title_deputy}}}}}|[[{{#ifexist:Prime minister of {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister of the {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime Minister of {{{common_name}}}|Prime Minister of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime Minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime Minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister}}}}}}}}|Prime minister]]}}
|текст13      = {{#if:{{{year_deputy1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_deputy|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{{deputy1|}}}}}
|клас_рядка14 = mergedrow
|текст14      = {{#if:{{{year_deputy1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_deputy1|}}} |{{{deputy1|}}} |{{{year_deputy2|}}} |{{{deputy2|}}} |{{{year_deputy3|}}} |{{{deputy3|}}}|{{{year_deputy4|}}} |{{{deputy4|}}} |{{{year_deputy5|}}} |{{{deputy5|}}} |{{{year_deputy6|}}} |{{{deputy6|}}}|{{{year_deputy7|}}} |{{{deputy7|}}}|{{{year_deputy8|}}} |{{{deputy8|}}}|{{{year_deputy9|}}} |{{{deputy9|}}}|{{{year_deputy10|}}} |{{{deputy10|}}}|{{{year_deputy11|}}} |{{{deputy11|}}}|{{{year_deputy12|}}} |{{{deputy12|}}}|{{{year_deputy13|}}} |{{{deputy13|}}}|{{{year_deputy14|}}} |{{{deputy14|}}}|{{{year_deputy15|}}} |{{{deputy15|}}} }} }}

|мітка15      = Законодавчий орган
|текст15      = {{{legislature|}}}
|клас_рядка16 = mergedrow
|мітка16      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{#if:{{{type_house1|}}}|{{{type_house1}}}|[[Верхня палата]]}}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст16      = {{{upper_house|{{{house1|}}}}}}
|клас_рядка17 = mergedbottomrow
|мітка17      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{#if:{{{type_house2|}}}|{{{type_house2}}}|[[Нижня палата]]}}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст17      = {{{lower_house|{{{house2|}}}}}}

|мітка18      = {{#if:{{{era|}}}|Історичний період|Історія}}
|текст18      = {{#if:{{{era|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{era|}}}|[[{{{era}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: era]]|{{{era}}}}} {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||{{#switch:{{{era}}}
  |Холодна війна=[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення часів Холодної війни|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  |Міжвоєнного періоду=[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення міжвоєнного періоду|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }} }}|{{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}} }}
{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| {{#ifeq:0|{{#expr:{{{year_end}}}&gt;({{{year_start}}}+10)}}|[[Категорія:{{#switch:{{{era}}}
  |Друга світова війна=Колишні державні утворення часів Другої світової війни
  |Перша світова війна=Колишні державні утворення часів Першої світової війни
  |#default=Короткочасні держави}}|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]] }} }}

|клас_рядка19 = {{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}} |mergedrow |mergedbottomrow}}
|текст19      = {{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків |{{{event_pre|}}} |{{{date_pre|}}}  |{{if empty|{{{event_start|}}}|Засновано}} |{{#if:{{{date_start|}}}|{{{date_start|}}}|{{{year_start|}}}}} |{{{event1|}}} |{{{date_event1|}}}  |{{{event2|}}} |{{{date_event2|}}}  |{{{event3|}}} |{{{date_event3|}}}  |{{{event4|}}} |{{{date_event4|}}}  |{{{event5|}}} |{{{date_event5|}}}  |{{{event6|}}} |{{{date_event6|}}}|{{{event7|}}} |{{{date_event7|}}}|{{{event8|}}} |{{{date_event8|}}}|{{{event9|}}} |{{{date_event9|}}}|{{{event10|}}} |{{{date_event10|}}}  |{{if empty|{{{event_end|}}}|Ліквідовано}} |{{#if:{{{date_end|}}}|{{{date_end|}}}|{{{year_end|}}}}}  |{{{event_post|}}} |{{{date_post|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка20 = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}||mergedtoprow}}
|заголовок20  = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}| {{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}{{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} |[[Площа]] }} }}
|мітка20      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}} || [[Площа]] }} 
|текст20      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}||{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }} }}

|клас_рядка21 = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка21      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year1}}}{{{ref_area1|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст21      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}}}

|клас_рядка22 = {{#if:{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка22      = {{#if: {{{stat_year2|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year2}}}{{{ref_area2|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст22      = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area2|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка23 = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка23      = {{#if: {{{stat_year3|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year3}}}{{{ref_area3|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст23      = {{#if: {{{stat_area3|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area3|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка24 = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка24      = {{#if: {{{stat_year4|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year4}}}{{{ref_area4|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст24      = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area4|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }} 

|клас_рядка25 = mergedbottomrow
|мітка25      = &lt;div style=&quot;padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year5|}}}|&amp;nbsp;-&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year5}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст25      = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area5|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка26 = mergedtoprow
|заголовок26  = [[Населення]]

|клас_рядка27 = {{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}{{{stat_pop2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка27      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if:{{{stat_year1|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year1}}} }} {{#if:{{{ref_pop1|}}}|{{{ref_pop1}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст27      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop1|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка28 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка28      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота населення|Густота]]&lt;/div&gt;
|текст28      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop1|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop1|}}} div {{{stat_area1|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка29 = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}} 
|мітка29      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year2|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year2|}}}}}{{#if:{{{ref_pop2|}}}|{{{ref_pop2}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст29      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop2|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;л. }}

|клас_рядка30 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}} 
|мітка30      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст30      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop2|}}} div {{{stat_area2|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка31 = {{#if: {{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка31      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year3|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year3}}}}} {{#if:{{{ref_pop3|}}}|{{{ref_pop3}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст31      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop3|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop3|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка32 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка32      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст32      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop3|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area3|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop3}}} div {{{stat_area3}}} round 1}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка33 = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка33      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year4|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year4}}}}} {{#if:{{{ref_pop4|}}}|{{{ref_pop4}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст33      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop4|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка34 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка34      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст34      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop4|}}} div {{{stat_area4|}}} round 1}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка35 = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}} |mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка35      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year5|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year5}}}}} {{#if:{{{ref_pop5|}}}|{{{ref_pop5}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст35      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop5|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка36 = mergedbottomrow
|мітка36      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст36      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop5|}}} div {{{stat_area5|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|мітка37      = [[Валюта]]
|текст37      = {{#ifexist:{{{currency|}}}|[[{{{currency|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: currency]]|{{{currency|}}}}}

|клас_рядка38 = mergedtoprow
|текст38      = {{#if:{{{pn1|}}} |[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|F]]}}{{#if:{{{sn1|}}} |[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|F]]}}{{#if:{{{p1|}}}{{{s1|}}}
              |{{Картка країни/попередник наступник|flag_p1={{{flag_p1|}}}|image_p1={{{image_p1|}}}|p1={{{p1|}}}|border_p1={{{border_p1|}}}|flag_p2={{{flag_p2|}}}|image_p2={{{image_p2|}}}|p2={{{p2|}}}|border_p2={{{border_p2|}}}|flag_p3={{{flag_p3|}}}|image_p3={{{image_p3|}}}|p3={{{p3|}}}|border_p3={{{border_p3|}}}|flag_p4={{{flag_p4|}}}|image_p4={{{image_p4|}}}|p4={{{p4|}}}|border_p4={{{border_p4|}}}|flag_p5={{{flag_p5|}}}|image_p5={{{image_p5|}}}|p5={{{p5|}}}|border_p5={{{border_p5|}}}|flag_p6={{{flag_p6|}}}|image_p6={{{image_p6|}}}|p6={{{p6|}}}|border_p6={{{border_p6|}}}|flag_p7={{{flag_p7|}}}|image_p7={{{image_p7|}}}|p7={{{p7|}}}|border_p7={{{border_p7|}}}|flag_p8={{{flag_p8|}}}|image_p8={{{image_p8|}}}|p8={{{p8|}}}|border_p8={{{border_p8|}}}|flag_p9={{{flag_p9|}}}|image_p9={{{image_p9|}}}|p9={{{p9|}}}|border_p9={{{border_p9|}}}|flag_p10={{{flag_p10|}}}|image_p10={{{image_p10|}}}|p10={{{p10|}}}|border_p10={{{border_p10|}}}|flag_p11={{{flag_p11|}}}|image_p11={{{image_p11|}}}|p11={{{p11|}}}|border_p11={{{border_p11|}}}|flag_p12={{{flag_p12|}}}|image_p12={{{image_p12|}}}|p12={{{p12|}}}|border_p12={{{border_p12|}}}|flag_p13={{{flag_p13|}}}|image_p13={{{image_p13|}}}|p13={{{p13|}}}|border_p13={{{border_p13|}}}|flag_p14={{{flag_p14|}}}|image_p14={{{image_p14|}}}|p14={{{p14|}}}|border_p14={{{border_p14|}}}|flag_p15={{{flag_p15|}}}|image_p15={{{image_p15|}}}|p15={{{p15|}}}|border_p15={{{border_p15|}}}|flag_p16={{{flag_p16|}}}|image_p16={{{image_p16|}}}|p16={{{p16|}}}|border_p16={{{border_p16|}}}|flag_p17={{{flag_p17|}}}|image_p17={{{image_p17|}}}|p17={{{p17|}}}|border_p17={{{border_p17|}}}|flag_p18={{{flag_p18|}}}|image_p18={{{image_p18|}}}|p18={{{p18|}}}|border_p18={{{border_p18|}}}|flag_p19={{{flag_p19|}}}|image_p19={{{image_p19|}}}|p19={{{p19|}}}|border_p19={{{border_p19|}}}|flag_p20={{{flag_p20|}}}|image_p20={{{image_p20|}}}|p20={{{p20|}}}|border_p20={{{border_p20|}}}|flag_p21={{{flag_p21|}}}|image_p21={{{image_p21|}}}|p21={{{p21|}}}|border_p21={{{border_p21|}}}|flag_p22={{{flag_p22|}}}|image_p22={{{image_p22|}}}|p22={{{p22|}}}|border_p22={{{border_p22|}}}|flag_s1={{{flag_s1|}}}|image_s1={{{image_s1|}}}|s1={{{s1|}}}|border_s1={{{border_s1|}}}|flag_s2={{{flag_s2|}}}|image_s2={{{image_s2|}}}|s2={{{s2|}}}|border_s2={{{border_s2|}}}|flag_s3={{{flag_s3|}}}|image_s3={{{image_s3|}}}|s3={{{s3|}}}|border_s3={{{border_s3|}}}|flag_s4={{{flag_s4|}}}|image_s4={{{image_s4|}}}|s4={{{s4|}}}|border_s4={{{border_s4|}}}|flag_s5={{{flag_s5|}}}|image_s5={{{image_s5|}}}|s5={{{s5|}}}|border_s5={{{border_s5|}}}|flag_s6={{{flag_s6|}}}|image_s6={{{image_s6|}}}|s6={{{s6|}}}|border_s6={{{border_s6|}}}|flag_s7={{{flag_s7|}}}|image_s7={{{image_s7|}}}|s7={{{s7|}}}|border_s7={{{border_s7|}}}|flag_s8={{{flag_s8|}}}|image_s8={{{image_s8|}}}|s8={{{s8|}}}|border_s8={{{border_s8|}}}|flag_s9={{{flag_s9|}}}|image_s9={{{image_s9|}}}|s9={{{s9|}}}|border_s9={{{border_s9|}}}|flag_s10={{{flag_s10|}}}|image_s10={{{image_s10|}}}|s10={{{s10|}}}|border_s10={{{border_s10|}}}|flag_s11={{{flag_s11|}}}|image_s11={{{image_s11|}}}|s11={{{s11|}}}|border_s11={{{border_s11|}}}|flag_s12={{{flag_s12|}}}|image_s12={{{image_s12|}}}|s12={{{s12|}}}|border_s12={{{border_s12|}}}|flag_s13={{{flag_s13|}}}|image_s13={{{image_s13|}}}|s13={{{s13|}}}|border_s13={{{border_s13|}}}|flag_s14={{{flag_s14|}}}|image_s14={{{image_s14|}}}|s14={{{s14|}}}|border_s14={{{border_s14|}}}|flag_s15={{{flag_s15|}}}|image_s15={{{image_s15|}}}|s15={{{s15|}}}|border_s15={{{border_s15|}}}|flag_s16={{{flag_s16|}}}|image_s16={{{image_s16|}}}|s16={{{s16|}}}|border_s16={{{border_s16|}}}|flag_s17={{{flag_s17|}}}|image_s17={{{image_s17|}}}|s17={{{s17|}}}|border_s17={{{border_s17|}}}|flag_s18={{{flag_s18|}}}|image_s18={{{image_s18|}}}|s18={{{s18|}}}|border_s18={{{border_s18|}}}|flag_s19={{{flag_s19|}}}|image_s19={{{image_s19|}}}|s19={{{s19|}}}|border_s19={{{border_s19|}}}|flag_s20={{{flag_s20|}}}|image_s20={{{image_s20|}}}|s20={{{s20|}}}|border_s20={{{border_s20|}}}|flag_s21={{{flag_s21|}}}|image_s21={{{image_s21|}}}|s21={{{s21|}}}|border_s21={{{border_s21|}}}|flag_s22={{{flag_s22|}}}|image_s22={{{image_s22|}}}|s22={{{s22|}}}|border_s22={{{border_s22|}}}}}}}

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| image = [[Файл:Tools.svg|40px|link=|alt=]]
| text = '''Цей шаблон перебуває в постійному процесі вдосконалення.'''&lt;br&gt;
Через різноманітність історичних держав і форм державного устрою він може потребувати додаткового налаштування для окремих статей. Якщо під час використання шаблону виникають проблеми, будь ласка, повідомте про них на [[Обговорення шаблону:Картка:Колишня країна|сторінці обговорення шаблону]].
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot; padding-top:0.75em; {{Float right}}; background:none; margin:0 0em 1em .25em; width:{{{width|290px}}}; text-align:center; &lt;!--font-size:85%;--&gt; line-height:1.4em;&quot;&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!--------------Section that checks if critical information is missing-------------&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{common_name|}}}||&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt;'''Увага''':  ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|common_name]]&quot;''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|N]]}}&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{continent|}}}|
 {{#switch:{{{region}}}
  |Італія= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави Італії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Балкани = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення на Балканах|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Британські острови = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Британських островів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Нідерланди = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Нідерландів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Китай = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Китаю|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Японія= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Японії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Україна= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави України|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Білорусі= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Білорусі|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Росія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Євразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Корея = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави  Кореї|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |#default = {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{country}}}}}
    |Китай = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави  Китаю|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Японія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Японії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Корея = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Кореї|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Малайзія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Малайзії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |#default = {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{continent}}}}}
      |Європа = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Азія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Північна Америка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Північної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]}}
      |Південна Америка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Південної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]}}
      |Африка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Океанія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Океанії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Євразія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Євразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Афроєвразія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Афроєвразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt;'''Увага''': ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|continent]]&quot; [[Template:Infobox_Former_Country/Instructions#Location|does not comply]]''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|C]]}}&lt;/span&gt;
  }}}}}}
 |&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt; '''Увага''': ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|continent]]&quot;''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|C]]}}&lt;/span&gt;}}&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!-- Categorisation for status, now separate from its placement within infobox to make the coding clearer 
--&gt;{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| 
 {{#if:{{{status|}}}| {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{status}}}}}
  |Імперія = [[Категорія:Колишні імперії|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Федерація |Федеративний = [[Категорія:Колишні федерації|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Конфедерація = [[Категорія:Колишні конфедерації|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Союз держав|Державний союз |Союз = [[Категорія:Колишні союзи держав|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  |Невизначений|Невідомо |Невизнана держава =[[Категорія:Колишні невизнані держави|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Місто-держава|Поліс |Держава-місто |Місто = [[Категорія:Колишні міста-держави|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Співдружність = [[Категорія:Колишні співдружності|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Мандат Ліги Націй|Ліга Націй |Мандат = [[Категорія:Мандати Ліги Націй|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |United Nations Trust Territory| UN Trust Territory |Trust Territory=[[Категорія:United Nations Trust Territories|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |Протекторат= [[Категорія:Колишні {{#switch:{{{empire}}}|Велика Британія|UK|Britain=британські}} протекторати|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |Кліент|Держава кліент|Клієнт|Держава-клієнт ={{#switch:{{{empire|}}}
    |Перша французька імперія | Франція = [[Категорія:Держави-клієнти Великої французької війни|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |#default =  [[Категорія:Колишні держави-клієнти|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }}
  |Васал={{#switch:{{{empire|}}}
    |Священна Римська імперія| СРІ = [[Категорія:Держави Священної Римської імперії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |#default =  [[Категорія:Колишні держави-васали|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }}
  |Сателіт|Держава сателіт | Держава сателіт =[[Категорія:Держави-сателіти|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Колонія ={{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{empire}}}}}
    |United Kingdom |UK |British Empire |England| Britain= [[Категорія:Колишні британські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Франція|Французька імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Франції|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Голандія|Нідерланди =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Нідерландів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Бельгія =[[Категорія:Колишні бельгійські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Іспанія|Ісранська імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні іспанські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Португалія =[[Категорія:Колишні португальські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Німеччина|Німецька імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні німецькі колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Італія =[[Категорія:Колишні італійські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Швеція =[[Категорія:Колишні шведські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Данія =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Данії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Норвегія =[[Категорія:Колишні норвежзькі колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Японія =[[Категорія:Колишні японські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |#default = [[Категорія:Колишні колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  }}
  |Екзиль|Уряд в екзилі = [[Категорія:Уряди в екзилі|{{{common_name}}}]] 
  |Тимчасовий|Тимчасовий уряд|Тимчасові уряди = [[Категорія:Тимчасові уряди|{{{common_name}}}]] 
  |Особливий|Особлива територія|Військова окупація= [[Категорія:Особливі території|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |#default=[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|S]]
}}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!------------------------------Infobox proper begins------------------------------&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;{{Картка
|клас_тіла     = ib-country vcard
|стиль_тіла    = width:{{{width|290px}}};
|клас_угорі    = mergedtoprow
|стилі_шаблону = Шаблон:Картка країни/styles.css
|стиль_угорі   = line-height:1.2em; font-size:135%;font-weight:bold;
|угорі         = {{#if:{{{native_name|}}} 
 | {{{native_name}}} {{#if:{{{conventional_long_name|}}} 
   | &lt;br/&gt;{{{conventional_long_name}}}
   }}
 | {{#if:{{{conventional_long_name|}}} 
   | {{{conventional_long_name}}}
   | ''Помилка: No name(s) given'' {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|N]]}}
   }}
}}

|підзаголовок1 = {{#if:{{{status|}}}|{{Картка країни/текст статусу|status={{{status|}}}|status_text={{{status_text|}}}|empire={{{empire|}}}|year_end={{{year_end|}}}|year_exile_start={{{year_exile_start|}}}|year_exile_end={{{year_exile_end|}}} }} }}
|підзаголовок2 = {{(!}} width=100% style=&quot;text-align:center; margin:0 auto; background:none; color: var(--color-base, #202122)&quot;
    {{!}}-
    {{!}}width=50px style=&quot;border:0; vertical-align:middle; font-size:95%; line-height: 105%;&quot;{{!}} {{#if:{{{p2|}}}|[[#before-after|↓]]| {{#ifexist:{{{p1}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p1}}}|link={{{p1}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p1|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p1}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p1|}}}|{{{image_p1}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p1}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p1}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p1}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p1}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p2}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p2}}}|link={{{p2}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p2|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p2}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p2|}}}|{{{image_p2}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p2}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p2}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p2}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p2}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p3}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p3}}}|link={{{p3}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p3|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p3}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p3|}}}|{{{image_p3}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p3}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p3}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p3}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p3}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p4}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p4}}}|link={{{p4}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p4|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p4}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p4|}}}|{{{image_p4}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p4}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p4}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p4}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p4}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}}  {{#ifexist:{{{p5}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p5}}}|link={{{p5}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p5|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p5}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p5|}}}|{{{image_p5}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p5}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p5}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p5}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p5}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}}}}
    {{!}}style=&quot;vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:115%; border:0&quot; {{!}} {{#if:{{{year_end|}}}| {{#if:{{{life_span|}}}|''' {{{life_span}}} ''' |'''{{#ifeq:{{{year_start|}}}|{{{year_end}}}|{{{year_start}}}|{{#if:{{{year_start|}}}|{{{year_start}}}&amp;nbsp;–&amp;nbsp;}}{{{year_end}}}}}'''}} |'''Life span?'''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|Y]]}} }}
    {{!}}width=50px style=&quot;border:0; vertical-align: middle;  line-height: 105%;&quot;{{!}} {{#if:{{{s2|}}}|[[#before-after|↓]]| {{#ifexist:{{{s1}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s1}}}|link={{{s1}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s1|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s1}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s1|}}}|{{{image_s1}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s1}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s1}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s1}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s1}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s2}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s2}}}|link={{{s2}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s2|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s2}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s2|}}}|{{{image_s2}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s2}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s2}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s2}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s2}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s3}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s3}}}|link={{{s3}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_s3|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s3}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s3|}}}|{{{image_s3}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s3}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s3}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s3}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s3}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s4}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s4}}}|link={{{s4}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s4|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s4}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s4|}}}|{{{image_s4}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s4}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s4}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s4}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s4}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}}  {{#ifexist:{{{s5}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s5}}}|link={{{s5}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_s5|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s5}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s5|}}}|{{{image_s5}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s5}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s5}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s5}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s5}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} }}
    {{!)}}
|зображення1 = {{#if:{{{image_coat|}}}{{{image_symbol|}}}{{{image_flag|}}}{{{image_flag2|}}}
  |{{Картка країни/таблиця зображень
    |зображення1а = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{{image_flag|}}}|sizedefault=125px|size={{{flag_width|{{{flag_size|}}}}}}|maxsize=250|border={{yesno |{{{flag_border|}}}|yes=yes|blank=yes}}|alt={{{alt_flag|{{{flag_alt|}}}}}}|title=Прапор {{{common_name|{{{name|{{{linking_name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}}}}
    |зображення1б = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{{image_flag2|}}}|sizedefault=125px|size={{{flag_width|}}}|maxsize=250|border={{yesno |{{{flag2_border|}}}|yes=yes|blank=yes}}|alt={{{alt_flag2|{{{flag_alt2|}}}}}}}}
    |підпис1= {{#ifexist:{{if empty |{{{flag_type_article|}}} |{{{flag|}}} | {{if empty |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} |[[{{if empty |{{{flag_type_article|}}} |{{{flag|}}} |{{if empty |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }}|{{if empty |{{{flag_caption|}}} |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}}]] |{{if empty |{{{flag_caption|}}} |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} }}
    |зображення2а  = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{if empty|{{{image_coat|}}}|{{{image_symbol|}}}}} |size={{{symbol_width|{{{coa_size|}}}}}}|sizedefault=85px|alt={{#if:{{{image_coat|}}}|{{{alt_coat|{{{coat_alt|}}}}}}|{{{alt_symbol|}}}}}|title={{{symbol_type|Герб}}} {{{common_name|{{{name|{{{linking_name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}}}}
    |зображення2б =  {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{if empty|{{{image_coat2|}}}|{{{image_symbol2|}}}}} |size={{{symbol_width|{{{coa_size|}}}}}}|sizedefault=85px|alt={{#if:{{{image_coat2|}}}|{{{alt_coat2|{{{coat_alt2|}}}}}}|{{{alt_symbol2|}}}}}}}
    |підпис2= {{#ifexist:{{if empty |{{{symbol_type_article|}}} |{{{symbol|}}} |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} |[[{{if empty |{{{symbol_type_article|}}} |{{{symbol|}}} |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} | {{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}}]] |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} }}
    }} }}
|текст1 = {{#if: {{{national_motto|}}} |'''[[Девіз]]'''&lt;br/&gt;{{{national_motto}}}}}

|текст2 = {{#if: {{{national_anthem|}}} |
                  '''[[Гімн]]'''&lt;br/&gt;{{#ifexist:{{{national_anthem}}}|{{{national_anthem}}}|{{{national_anthem}}}}}
          }}

|текст3 = {{#if:{{{image_map|}}} |
           [[Image:{{{image_map|&lt;noinclude&gt;Missing map.png&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|{{{image_size|250px}}}|center|{{{common_name}}}: історичні кордони на карті]]&lt;small&gt;{{#if:{{{image_map_caption|}}}|{{{image_map_caption}}}}}&lt;/small&gt;
          }}

|клас_рядка4 = {{#if:{{{capital_exile|}}}|mergedtoprow}} 
|мітка4      = [[Столиця]]
|текст4      =  {{#if:{{{capital|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{capital}}}|[[{{{capital}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: capital]]|{{{capital}}}}}|{{wikidata|p36}}}}{{#if: {{{latd|}}}|&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;{{coord2|{{{latd}}}|{{{latm}}}|{{{latNS}}}|{{{longd}}}|{{{longm}}}|{{{longEW}}}|type:country({{{area}}})}}&lt;/small&gt;}}

|клас_рядка5 = {{#if:{{{capital|}}}| mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка5      = Столиця в екзилі
|текст5      = {{{capital_exile|}}}
|мітка6      = Мови
|текст6      = {{#ifexist:{{{common_languages|}}} language|[[{{{common_languages}}} language|{{{common_languages}}}]] |{{#ifexist:{{{common_languages|}}}|[[{{{common_languages}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: common_languages]]|{{{common_languages|}}}}}}}

|мітка7      = [[Релігія|Релігії]]
|текст7      =  {{#ifexist:{{{religion|}}}|[[{{{religion|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: religion]]|{{{religion|}}}}}

|клас_рядка8 = {{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}{{{title_deputy|}}}{{{title_representative|}}}|mergedtoprow}}
|мітка8      = [[Державний устрій|{{#if:{{{government_type|}}}|Форма правління|{{#if:{{{status|}}}|Державний устрій|Державний устрій}}}}]]
|текст8      =  {{#if:{{{government_type|}}}|{{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{government_type}}}}}
  |Конституційна монархія |конституційна монархія
  |Монархія=[[{{{government_type}}}]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||{{#switch:{{{continent}}}
    |Європа=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Азія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Північна Америка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Північної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]
    |Південна Америка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Південної Америки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Африка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Океанія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Океанії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Євразія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Afroeurasia=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]|[[Категорія:Колишні монархії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    }}}}
  |Республіка|Федеративна республіка|Автономна республіка=[[Республіка]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні республіки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Князівство=[[Князівство]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні князівства|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Соціалістична держава |Соціалістична республіка =[[Соціалістична держава|Соціалістична республіка]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні соціалістичні республіки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Диктатура |Військова диктатура=[[Диктатура]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні диктатури|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Various = 
  |#default = {{#ifexist:{{{government_type}}}|[[{{{government_type}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: government_type]]|{{{government_type}}}}}&lt;!-- ''Value specified for &quot;government_type&quot; [[Template:Infobox_Former_Country/Instructions#Politics|does not comply]]'' --&gt;[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|G]]
  }}|{{#if:{{{status|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{status}}}|[[{{{status}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: status]]|{{{status}}}}}|''Не вказано''}}
}}

|клас_рядка9 = mergedrow
|мітка9      = {{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_leader}}}|[[{{{title_leader}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_leader]]|{{{title_leader}}}}}|{{#switch:{{{government_type}}}|Monarchy=[[{{#ifexist:King of {{{common_name}}}|King of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:King of the {{{common_name}}}|King of the {{{common_name}}}|Monarch}}}}|King]]|Constitutional monarchy=[[{{#ifexist:King of {{{common_name}}}|King of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:King of the {{{common_name}}}|King of the {{{common_name}}}|Monarch}}}}|King]]|[[{{#ifexist:President of {{{common_name}}}|President of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:President of the {{{common_name}}}|President of the {{{common_name}}}|Президент (державна посада)}}}}|Президент]][[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичним президентом]]}}}}
|текст9      = {{#if:{{{year_leader1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{#ifexist:{{{leader1|}}}|[[{{{leader1|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader1]]|{{{leader1|}}}}}}}
|клас_рядка10 = mergedrow
|текст10      = {{#if:{{{year_leader1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_leader1|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader1|}}}|[[{{{leader1|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader1]]|{{{leader1|}}}}} |{{{year_leader2|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader2|}}}|[[{{{leader2|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader2]]|{{{leader2|}}}}}|{{{year_leader3|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader3|}}}|[[{{{leader3|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader3]]|{{{leader3|}}}}} |{{{year_leader4|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader4|}}}|[[{{{leader4|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader4]]|{{{leader4|}}}}} |{{{year_leader5|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader5|}}}|[[{{{leader5|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader5]]|{{{leader5|}}}}} |{{{year_leader6|}}} |{{{leader6|}}} |{{{year_leader7|}}} |{{{leader7|}}} |{{{year_leader8|}}} |{{{leader8|}}} |{{{year_leader9|}}} |{{{leader9|}}} |{{{year_leader10|}}} |{{{leader10|}}} |{{{year_leader11|}}} |{{{leader11|}}}|{{{year_leader12|}}} |{{{leader12|}}}|{{{year_leader13|}}} |{{{leader13|}}}|{{{year_leader14|}}} |{{{leader14|}}}|{{{year_leader15|}}} |{{{leader15|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка11 = mergedrow
|мітка11      = {{#if:{{{title_representative|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_representative}}}|[[{{{title_representative}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_representative]]|{{{title_representative}}}}}|[[{{#ifexist:Governor of {{{common_name}}}|Governor of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist: Governor of the {{{common_name}}}|Governor of the {{{common_name}}}|Governor}}}}|Governor]]}}
|текст11      = {{#if:{{{year_representative1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_representative|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{{representative1|}}}}}
|клас_рядка12 = mergedrow
|текст12      = {{#if:{{{year_representative1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_representative1|}}} |{{{representative1|}}} |{{{year_representative2|}}} |{{{representative2|}}} |{{{year_representative3|}}} |{{{representative3|}}} |{{{year_representative4|}}} |{{{representative4|}}} |{{{year_representative5|}}} |{{{representative5|}}}|{{{year_representative6|}}} |{{{representative6|}}}|{{{year_representative7|}}} |{{{representative7|}}}|{{{year_representative8|}}} |{{{representative8|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка13 = mergedrow
|мітка13      = {{#if:{{{title_deputy|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_deputy}}}|[[{{{title_deputy}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_deputy]]|{{{title_deputy}}}}}|[[{{#ifexist:Prime minister of {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister of the {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime Minister of {{{common_name}}}|Prime Minister of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime Minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime Minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister}}}}}}}}|Prime minister]]}}
|текст13      = {{#if:{{{year_deputy1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_deputy|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{{deputy1|}}}}}
|клас_рядка14 = mergedrow
|текст14      = {{#if:{{{year_deputy1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_deputy1|}}} |{{{deputy1|}}} |{{{year_deputy2|}}} |{{{deputy2|}}} |{{{year_deputy3|}}} |{{{deputy3|}}}|{{{year_deputy4|}}} |{{{deputy4|}}} |{{{year_deputy5|}}} |{{{deputy5|}}} |{{{year_deputy6|}}} |{{{deputy6|}}}|{{{year_deputy7|}}} |{{{deputy7|}}}|{{{year_deputy8|}}} |{{{deputy8|}}}|{{{year_deputy9|}}} |{{{deputy9|}}}|{{{year_deputy10|}}} |{{{deputy10|}}}|{{{year_deputy11|}}} |{{{deputy11|}}}|{{{year_deputy12|}}} |{{{deputy12|}}}|{{{year_deputy13|}}} |{{{deputy13|}}}|{{{year_deputy14|}}} |{{{deputy14|}}}|{{{year_deputy15|}}} |{{{deputy15|}}} }} }}

|мітка15      = Законодавчий орган
|текст15      = {{{legislature|}}}
|клас_рядка16 = mergedrow
|мітка16      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{#if:{{{type_house1|}}}|{{{type_house1}}}|[[Верхня палата]]}}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст16      = {{{upper_house|{{{house1|}}}}}}
|клас_рядка17 = mergedbottomrow
|мітка17      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{#if:{{{type_house2|}}}|{{{type_house2}}}|[[Нижня палата]]}}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст17      = {{{lower_house|{{{house2|}}}}}}

|мітка18      = {{#if:{{{era|}}}|Історичний період|Історія}}
|текст18      = {{#if:{{{era|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{era|}}}|[[{{{era}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: era]]|{{{era}}}}} {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||{{#switch:{{{era}}}
  |Холодна війна=[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення часів Холодної війни|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  |Міжвоєнного періоду=[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення міжвоєнного періоду|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }} }}|{{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}} }}
{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| {{#ifeq:0|{{#expr:{{{year_end}}}&gt;({{{year_start}}}+10)}}|[[Категорія:{{#switch:{{{era}}}
  |Друга світова війна=Колишні державні утворення часів Другої світової війни
  |Перша світова війна=Колишні державні утворення часів Першої світової війни
  |#default=Короткочасні держави}}|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]] }} }}

|клас_рядка19 = {{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}} |mergedrow |mergedbottomrow}}
|текст19      = {{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків |{{{event_pre|}}} |{{{date_pre|}}}  |{{if empty|{{{event_start|}}}|Засновано}} |{{#if:{{{date_start|}}}|{{{date_start|}}}|{{{year_start|}}}}} |{{{event1|}}} |{{{date_event1|}}}  |{{{event2|}}} |{{{date_event2|}}}  |{{{event3|}}} |{{{date_event3|}}}  |{{{event4|}}} |{{{date_event4|}}}  |{{{event5|}}} |{{{date_event5|}}}  |{{{event6|}}} |{{{date_event6|}}}|{{{event7|}}} |{{{date_event7|}}}|{{{event8|}}} |{{{date_event8|}}}|{{{event9|}}} |{{{date_event9|}}}|{{{event10|}}} |{{{date_event10|}}}  |{{if empty|{{{event_end|}}}|Ліквідовано}} |{{#if:{{{date_end|}}}|{{{date_end|}}}|{{{year_end|}}}}}  |{{{event_post|}}} |{{{date_post|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка20 = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}||mergedtoprow}}
|заголовок20  = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}| {{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}{{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} |[[Площа]] }} }}
|мітка20      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}} || [[Площа]] }} 
|текст20      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}||{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }} }}

|клас_рядка21 = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка21      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year1}}}{{{ref_area1|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст21      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}}}

|клас_рядка22 = {{#if:{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка22      = {{#if: {{{stat_year2|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year2}}}{{{ref_area2|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст22      = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area2|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка23 = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка23      = {{#if: {{{stat_year3|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year3}}}{{{ref_area3|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст23      = {{#if: {{{stat_area3|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area3|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка24 = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка24      = {{#if: {{{stat_year4|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year4}}}{{{ref_area4|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст24      = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area4|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }} 

|клас_рядка25 = mergedbottomrow
|мітка25      = &lt;div style=&quot;padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year5|}}}|&amp;nbsp;-&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year5}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст25      = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area5|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка26 = mergedtoprow
|заголовок26  = [[Населення]]

|клас_рядка27 = {{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}{{{stat_pop2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка27      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if:{{{stat_year1|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year1}}} }} {{#if:{{{ref_pop1|}}}|{{{ref_pop1}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст27      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop1|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка28 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка28      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота населення|Густота]]&lt;/div&gt;
|текст28      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop1|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop1|}}} div {{{stat_area1|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка29 = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}} 
|мітка29      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year2|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year2|}}}}}{{#if:{{{ref_pop2|}}}|{{{ref_pop2}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст29      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop2|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;л. }}

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|мітка30      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст30      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop2|}}} div {{{stat_area2|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

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|текст31      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop3|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop3|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка32 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка32      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст32      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop3|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area3|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop3}}} div {{{stat_area3}}} round 1}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка33 = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка33      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year4|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year4}}}}} {{#if:{{{ref_pop4|}}}|{{{ref_pop4}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст33      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop4|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка34 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка34      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст34      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop4|}}} div {{{stat_area4|}}} round 1}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка35 = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}} |mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка35      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year5|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year5}}}}} {{#if:{{{ref_pop5|}}}|{{{ref_pop5}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст35      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop5|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка36 = mergedbottomrow
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|текст36      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop5|}}} div {{{stat_area5|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|мітка37      = [[Валюта]]
|текст37      = {{#ifexist:{{{currency|}}}|[[{{{currency|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: currency]]|{{{currency|}}}}}

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              |{{Картка країни/попередник наступник|flag_p1={{{flag_p1|}}}|image_p1={{{image_p1|}}}|p1={{{p1|}}}|border_p1={{{border_p1|}}}|flag_p2={{{flag_p2|}}}|image_p2={{{image_p2|}}}|p2={{{p2|}}}|border_p2={{{border_p2|}}}|flag_p3={{{flag_p3|}}}|image_p3={{{image_p3|}}}|p3={{{p3|}}}|border_p3={{{border_p3|}}}|flag_p4={{{flag_p4|}}}|image_p4={{{image_p4|}}}|p4={{{p4|}}}|border_p4={{{border_p4|}}}|flag_p5={{{flag_p5|}}}|image_p5={{{image_p5|}}}|p5={{{p5|}}}|border_p5={{{border_p5|}}}|flag_p6={{{flag_p6|}}}|image_p6={{{image_p6|}}}|p6={{{p6|}}}|border_p6={{{border_p6|}}}|flag_p7={{{flag_p7|}}}|image_p7={{{image_p7|}}}|p7={{{p7|}}}|border_p7={{{border_p7|}}}|flag_p8={{{flag_p8|}}}|image_p8={{{image_p8|}}}|p8={{{p8|}}}|border_p8={{{border_p8|}}}|flag_p9={{{flag_p9|}}}|image_p9={{{image_p9|}}}|p9={{{p9|}}}|border_p9={{{border_p9|}}}|flag_p10={{{flag_p10|}}}|image_p10={{{image_p10|}}}|p10={{{p10|}}}|border_p10={{{border_p10|}}}|flag_p11={{{flag_p11|}}}|image_p11={{{image_p11|}}}|p11={{{p11|}}}|border_p11={{{border_p11|}}}|flag_p12={{{flag_p12|}}}|image_p12={{{image_p12|}}}|p12={{{p12|}}}|border_p12={{{border_p12|}}}|flag_p13={{{flag_p13|}}}|image_p13={{{image_p13|}}}|p13={{{p13|}}}|border_p13={{{border_p13|}}}|flag_p14={{{flag_p14|}}}|image_p14={{{image_p14|}}}|p14={{{p14|}}}|border_p14={{{border_p14|}}}|flag_p15={{{flag_p15|}}}|image_p15={{{image_p15|}}}|p15={{{p15|}}}|border_p15={{{border_p15|}}}|flag_p16={{{flag_p16|}}}|image_p16={{{image_p16|}}}|p16={{{p16|}}}|border_p16={{{border_p16|}}}|flag_p17={{{flag_p17|}}}|image_p17={{{image_p17|}}}|p17={{{p17|}}}|border_p17={{{border_p17|}}}|flag_p18={{{flag_p18|}}}|image_p18={{{image_p18|}}}|p18={{{p18|}}}|border_p18={{{border_p18|}}}|flag_p19={{{flag_p19|}}}|image_p19={{{image_p19|}}}|p19={{{p19|}}}|border_p19={{{border_p19|}}}|flag_p20={{{flag_p20|}}}|image_p20={{{image_p20|}}}|p20={{{p20|}}}|border_p20={{{border_p20|}}}|flag_p21={{{flag_p21|}}}|image_p21={{{image_p21|}}}|p21={{{p21|}}}|border_p21={{{border_p21|}}}|flag_p22={{{flag_p22|}}}|image_p22={{{image_p22|}}}|p22={{{p22|}}}|border_p22={{{border_p22|}}}|flag_s1={{{flag_s1|}}}|image_s1={{{image_s1|}}}|s1={{{s1|}}}|border_s1={{{border_s1|}}}|flag_s2={{{flag_s2|}}}|image_s2={{{image_s2|}}}|s2={{{s2|}}}|border_s2={{{border_s2|}}}|flag_s3={{{flag_s3|}}}|image_s3={{{image_s3|}}}|s3={{{s3|}}}|border_s3={{{border_s3|}}}|flag_s4={{{flag_s4|}}}|image_s4={{{image_s4|}}}|s4={{{s4|}}}|border_s4={{{border_s4|}}}|flag_s5={{{flag_s5|}}}|image_s5={{{image_s5|}}}|s5={{{s5|}}}|border_s5={{{border_s5|}}}|flag_s6={{{flag_s6|}}}|image_s6={{{image_s6|}}}|s6={{{s6|}}}|border_s6={{{border_s6|}}}|flag_s7={{{flag_s7|}}}|image_s7={{{image_s7|}}}|s7={{{s7|}}}|border_s7={{{border_s7|}}}|flag_s8={{{flag_s8|}}}|image_s8={{{image_s8|}}}|s8={{{s8|}}}|border_s8={{{border_s8|}}}|flag_s9={{{flag_s9|}}}|image_s9={{{image_s9|}}}|s9={{{s9|}}}|border_s9={{{border_s9|}}}|flag_s10={{{flag_s10|}}}|image_s10={{{image_s10|}}}|s10={{{s10|}}}|border_s10={{{border_s10|}}}|flag_s11={{{flag_s11|}}}|image_s11={{{image_s11|}}}|s11={{{s11|}}}|border_s11={{{border_s11|}}}|flag_s12={{{flag_s12|}}}|image_s12={{{image_s12|}}}|s12={{{s12|}}}|border_s12={{{border_s12|}}}|flag_s13={{{flag_s13|}}}|image_s13={{{image_s13|}}}|s13={{{s13|}}}|border_s13={{{border_s13|}}}|flag_s14={{{flag_s14|}}}|image_s14={{{image_s14|}}}|s14={{{s14|}}}|border_s14={{{border_s14|}}}|flag_s15={{{flag_s15|}}}|image_s15={{{image_s15|}}}|s15={{{s15|}}}|border_s15={{{border_s15|}}}|flag_s16={{{flag_s16|}}}|image_s16={{{image_s16|}}}|s16={{{s16|}}}|border_s16={{{border_s16|}}}|flag_s17={{{flag_s17|}}}|image_s17={{{image_s17|}}}|s17={{{s17|}}}|border_s17={{{border_s17|}}}|flag_s18={{{flag_s18|}}}|image_s18={{{image_s18|}}}|s18={{{s18|}}}|border_s18={{{border_s18|}}}|flag_s19={{{flag_s19|}}}|image_s19={{{image_s19|}}}|s19={{{s19|}}}|border_s19={{{border_s19|}}}|flag_s20={{{flag_s20|}}}|image_s20={{{image_s20|}}}|s20={{{s20|}}}|border_s20={{{border_s20|}}}|flag_s21={{{flag_s21|}}}|image_s21={{{image_s21|}}}|s21={{{s21|}}}|border_s21={{{border_s21|}}}|flag_s22={{{flag_s22|}}}|image_s22={{{image_s22|}}}|s22={{{s22|}}}|border_s22={{{border_s22|}}}}}}}

|мітка39      = Сьогодні є частиною
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|внизу        = {{#if:{{#property:p373}}{{{commons|}}}|{{Wp/buk/Картка:Країна/сховище|сховище ={{#if:{{{commons|}}}|{{{commons}}}|{{#property:p373}}}}|сховище_назва ={{{commonstitle|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}} }}

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      <id>7305414</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:35:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
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      <text bytes="46865" sha1="mbc5t0iglrpgtiq5gqwufc6t8em73h8" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Wp/buk/esoteric}}
{{Wp/buk/Ombox
| type = notice
| image = [[Файл:Tools.svg|40px|link=|alt=]]
| text = '''Цей шаблон перебуває в постійному процесі вдосконалення.'''&lt;br&gt;
Через різноманітність історичних держав і форм державного устрою він може потребувати додаткового налаштування для окремих статей. Якщо під час використання шаблону виникають проблеми, будь ласка, повідомте про них на [[Обговорення шаблону:Картка:Колишня країна|сторінці обговорення шаблону]].
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot; padding-top:0.75em; {{Float right}}; background:none; margin:0 0em 1em .25em; width:{{{width|290px}}}; text-align:center; &lt;!--font-size:85%;--&gt; line-height:1.4em;&quot;&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!--------------Section that checks if critical information is missing-------------&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{common_name|}}}||&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt;'''Увага''':  ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|common_name]]&quot;''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|N]]}}&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{continent|}}}|
 {{#switch:{{{region}}}
  |Італія= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави Італії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Балкани = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення на Балканах|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Британські острови = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Британських островів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Нідерланди = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Нідерландів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Китай = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Китаю|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Японія= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Японії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Україна= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави України|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Білорусі= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Білорусі|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Росія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Євразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Корея = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави  Кореї|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |#default = {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{country}}}}}
    |Китай = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави  Китаю|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Японія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Японії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Корея = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Кореї|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Малайзія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Малайзії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |#default = {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{continent}}}}}
      |Європа = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Азія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Північна Америка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Північної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]}}
      |Південна Америка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Південної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]}}
      |Африка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Океанія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Океанії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Євразія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Євразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Афроєвразія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Афроєвразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt;'''Увага''': ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|continent]]&quot; [[Template:Infobox_Former_Country/Instructions#Location|does not comply]]''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|C]]}}&lt;/span&gt;
  }}}}}}
 |&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt; '''Увага''': ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|continent]]&quot;''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|C]]}}&lt;/span&gt;}}&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!-- Categorisation for status, now separate from its placement within infobox to make the coding clearer 
--&gt;{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| 
 {{#if:{{{status|}}}| {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{status}}}}}
  |Імперія = [[Категорія:Колишні імперії|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Федерація |Федеративний = [[Категорія:Колишні федерації|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Конфедерація = [[Категорія:Колишні конфедерації|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Союз держав|Державний союз |Союз = [[Категорія:Колишні союзи держав|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  |Невизначений|Невідомо |Невизнана держава =[[Категорія:Колишні невизнані держави|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Місто-держава|Поліс |Держава-місто |Місто = [[Категорія:Колишні міста-держави|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Співдружність = [[Категорія:Колишні співдружності|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Мандат Ліги Націй|Ліга Націй |Мандат = [[Категорія:Мандати Ліги Націй|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |United Nations Trust Territory| UN Trust Territory |Trust Territory=[[Категорія:United Nations Trust Territories|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |Протекторат= [[Категорія:Колишні {{#switch:{{{empire}}}|Велика Британія|UK|Britain=британські}} протекторати|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |Кліент|Держава кліент|Клієнт|Держава-клієнт ={{#switch:{{{empire|}}}
    |Перша французька імперія | Франція = [[Категорія:Держави-клієнти Великої французької війни|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |#default =  [[Категорія:Колишні держави-клієнти|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }}
  |Васал={{#switch:{{{empire|}}}
    |Священна Римська імперія| СРІ = [[Категорія:Держави Священної Римської імперії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |#default =  [[Категорія:Колишні держави-васали|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }}
  |Сателіт|Держава сателіт | Держава сателіт =[[Категорія:Держави-сателіти|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Колонія ={{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{empire}}}}}
    |United Kingdom |UK |British Empire |England| Britain= [[Категорія:Колишні британські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Франція|Французька імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Франції|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Голандія|Нідерланди =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Нідерландів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Бельгія =[[Категорія:Колишні бельгійські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Іспанія|Ісранська імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні іспанські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Португалія =[[Категорія:Колишні португальські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Німеччина|Німецька імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні німецькі колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Італія =[[Категорія:Колишні італійські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Швеція =[[Категорія:Колишні шведські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Данія =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Данії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Норвегія =[[Категорія:Колишні норвежзькі колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Японія =[[Категорія:Колишні японські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |#default = [[Категорія:Колишні колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  }}
  |Екзиль|Уряд в екзилі = [[Категорія:Уряди в екзилі|{{{common_name}}}]] 
  |Тимчасовий|Тимчасовий уряд|Тимчасові уряди = [[Категорія:Тимчасові уряди|{{{common_name}}}]] 
  |Особливий|Особлива територія|Військова окупація= [[Категорія:Особливі території|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |#default=[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|S]]
}}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!------------------------------Infobox proper begins------------------------------&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;{{Картка
|клас_тіла     = ib-country vcard
|стиль_тіла    = width:{{{width|290px}}};
|клас_угорі    = mergedtoprow
|стилі_шаблону = Шаблон:Картка країни/styles.css
|стиль_угорі   = line-height:1.2em; font-size:135%;font-weight:bold;
|угорі         = {{#if:{{{native_name|}}} 
 | {{{native_name}}} {{#if:{{{conventional_long_name|}}} 
   | &lt;br/&gt;{{{conventional_long_name}}}
   }}
 | {{#if:{{{conventional_long_name|}}} 
   | {{{conventional_long_name}}}
   | ''Помилка: No name(s) given'' {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|N]]}}
   }}
}}

|підзаголовок1 = {{#if:{{{status|}}}|{{Картка країни/текст статусу|status={{{status|}}}|status_text={{{status_text|}}}|empire={{{empire|}}}|year_end={{{year_end|}}}|year_exile_start={{{year_exile_start|}}}|year_exile_end={{{year_exile_end|}}} }} }}
|підзаголовок2 = {{(!}} width=100% style=&quot;text-align:center; margin:0 auto; background:none; color: var(--color-base, #202122)&quot;
    {{!}}-
    {{!}}width=50px style=&quot;border:0; vertical-align:middle; font-size:95%; line-height: 105%;&quot;{{!}} {{#if:{{{p2|}}}|[[#before-after|↓]]| {{#ifexist:{{{p1}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p1}}}|link={{{p1}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p1|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p1}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p1|}}}|{{{image_p1}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p1}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p1}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p1}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p1}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p2}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p2}}}|link={{{p2}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p2|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p2}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p2|}}}|{{{image_p2}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p2}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p2}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p2}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p2}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p3}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p3}}}|link={{{p3}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p3|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p3}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p3|}}}|{{{image_p3}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p3}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p3}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p3}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p3}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p4}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p4}}}|link={{{p4}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p4|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p4}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p4|}}}|{{{image_p4}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p4}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p4}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p4}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p4}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}}  {{#ifexist:{{{p5}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p5}}}|link={{{p5}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p5|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p5}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p5|}}}|{{{image_p5}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p5}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p5}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p5}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p5}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}}}}
    {{!}}style=&quot;vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:115%; border:0&quot; {{!}} {{#if:{{{year_end|}}}| {{#if:{{{life_span|}}}|''' {{{life_span}}} ''' |'''{{#ifeq:{{{year_start|}}}|{{{year_end}}}|{{{year_start}}}|{{#if:{{{year_start|}}}|{{{year_start}}}&amp;nbsp;–&amp;nbsp;}}{{{year_end}}}}}'''}} |'''Life span?'''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|Y]]}} }}
    {{!}}width=50px style=&quot;border:0; vertical-align: middle;  line-height: 105%;&quot;{{!}} {{#if:{{{s2|}}}|[[#before-after|↓]]| {{#ifexist:{{{s1}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s1}}}|link={{{s1}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s1|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s1}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s1|}}}|{{{image_s1}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s1}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s1}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s1}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s1}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s2}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s2}}}|link={{{s2}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s2|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s2}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s2|}}}|{{{image_s2}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s2}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s2}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s2}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s2}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s3}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s3}}}|link={{{s3}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_s3|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s3}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s3|}}}|{{{image_s3}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s3}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s3}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s3}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s3}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s4}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s4}}}|link={{{s4}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s4|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s4}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s4|}}}|{{{image_s4}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s4}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s4}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s4}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s4}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}}  {{#ifexist:{{{s5}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s5}}}|link={{{s5}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_s5|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s5}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s5|}}}|{{{image_s5}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s5}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s5}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s5}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s5}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} }}
    {{!)}}
|зображення1 = {{#if:{{{image_coat|}}}{{{image_symbol|}}}{{{image_flag|}}}{{{image_flag2|}}}
  |{{Картка країни/таблиця зображень
    |зображення1а = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{{image_flag|}}}|sizedefault=125px|size={{{flag_width|{{{flag_size|}}}}}}|maxsize=250|border={{yesno |{{{flag_border|}}}|yes=yes|blank=yes}}|alt={{{alt_flag|{{{flag_alt|}}}}}}|title=Прапор {{{common_name|{{{name|{{{linking_name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}}}}
    |зображення1б = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{{image_flag2|}}}|sizedefault=125px|size={{{flag_width|}}}|maxsize=250|border={{yesno |{{{flag2_border|}}}|yes=yes|blank=yes}}|alt={{{alt_flag2|{{{flag_alt2|}}}}}}}}
    |підпис1= {{#ifexist:{{if empty |{{{flag_type_article|}}} |{{{flag|}}} | {{if empty |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} |[[{{if empty |{{{flag_type_article|}}} |{{{flag|}}} |{{if empty |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }}|{{if empty |{{{flag_caption|}}} |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}}]] |{{if empty |{{{flag_caption|}}} |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} }}
    |зображення2а  = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{if empty|{{{image_coat|}}}|{{{image_symbol|}}}}} |size={{{symbol_width|{{{coa_size|}}}}}}|sizedefault=85px|alt={{#if:{{{image_coat|}}}|{{{alt_coat|{{{coat_alt|}}}}}}|{{{alt_symbol|}}}}}|title={{{symbol_type|Герб}}} {{{common_name|{{{name|{{{linking_name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}}}}
    |зображення2б =  {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{if empty|{{{image_coat2|}}}|{{{image_symbol2|}}}}} |size={{{symbol_width|{{{coa_size|}}}}}}|sizedefault=85px|alt={{#if:{{{image_coat2|}}}|{{{alt_coat2|{{{coat_alt2|}}}}}}|{{{alt_symbol2|}}}}}}}
    |підпис2= {{#ifexist:{{if empty |{{{symbol_type_article|}}} |{{{symbol|}}} |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} |[[{{if empty |{{{symbol_type_article|}}} |{{{symbol|}}} |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} | {{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}}]] |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} }}
    }} }}
|текст1 = {{#if: {{{national_motto|}}} |'''[[Девіз]]'''&lt;br/&gt;{{{national_motto}}}}}

|текст2 = {{#if: {{{national_anthem|}}} |
                  '''[[Гімн]]'''&lt;br/&gt;{{#ifexist:{{{national_anthem}}}|{{{national_anthem}}}|{{{national_anthem}}}}}
          }}

|текст3 = {{#if:{{{image_map|}}} |
           [[Image:{{{image_map|&lt;noinclude&gt;Missing map.png&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|{{{image_size|250px}}}|center|{{{common_name}}}: історичні кордони на карті]]&lt;small&gt;{{#if:{{{image_map_caption|}}}|{{{image_map_caption}}}}}&lt;/small&gt;
          }}

|клас_рядка4 = {{#if:{{{capital_exile|}}}|mergedtoprow}} 
|мітка4      = [[Столиця]]
|текст4      =  {{#if:{{{capital|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{capital}}}|[[{{{capital}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: capital]]|{{{capital}}}}}|{{wikidata|p36}}}}{{#if: {{{latd|}}}|&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;{{coord2|{{{latd}}}|{{{latm}}}|{{{latNS}}}|{{{longd}}}|{{{longm}}}|{{{longEW}}}|type:country({{{area}}})}}&lt;/small&gt;}}

|клас_рядка5 = {{#if:{{{capital|}}}| mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка5      = Столиця в екзилі
|текст5      = {{{capital_exile|}}}
|мітка6      = Мови
|текст6      = {{#ifexist:{{{common_languages|}}} language|[[{{{common_languages}}} language|{{{common_languages}}}]] |{{#ifexist:{{{common_languages|}}}|[[{{{common_languages}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: common_languages]]|{{{common_languages|}}}}}}}

|мітка7      = [[Релігія|Релігії]]
|текст7      =  {{#ifexist:{{{religion|}}}|[[{{{religion|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: religion]]|{{{religion|}}}}}

|клас_рядка8 = {{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}{{{title_deputy|}}}{{{title_representative|}}}|mergedtoprow}}
|мітка8      = [[Державний устрій|{{#if:{{{government_type|}}}|Форма правління|{{#if:{{{status|}}}|Державний устрій|Державний устрій}}}}]]
|текст8      =  {{#if:{{{government_type|}}}|{{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{government_type}}}}}
  |Конституційна монархія |конституційна монархія
  |Монархія=[[{{{government_type}}}]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||{{#switch:{{{continent}}}
    |Європа=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Азія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Північна Америка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Північної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]
    |Південна Америка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Південної Америки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Африка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Океанія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Океанії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Євразія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Afroeurasia=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]|[[Категорія:Колишні монархії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    }}}}
  |Республіка|Федеративна республіка|Автономна республіка=[[Республіка]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні республіки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Князівство=[[Князівство]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні князівства|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Соціалістична держава |Соціалістична республіка =[[Соціалістична держава|Соціалістична республіка]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні соціалістичні республіки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Диктатура |Військова диктатура=[[Диктатура]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні диктатури|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Various = 
  |#default = {{#ifexist:{{{government_type}}}|[[{{{government_type}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: government_type]]|{{{government_type}}}}}&lt;!-- ''Value specified for &quot;government_type&quot; [[Template:Infobox_Former_Country/Instructions#Politics|does not comply]]'' --&gt;[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|G]]
  }}|{{#if:{{{status|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{status}}}|[[{{{status}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: status]]|{{{status}}}}}|''Не вказано''}}
}}

|клас_рядка9 = mergedrow
|мітка9      = {{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_leader}}}|[[{{{title_leader}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_leader]]|{{{title_leader}}}}}|{{#switch:{{{government_type}}}|Monarchy=[[{{#ifexist:King of {{{common_name}}}|King of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:King of the {{{common_name}}}|King of the {{{common_name}}}|Monarch}}}}|King]]|Constitutional monarchy=[[{{#ifexist:King of {{{common_name}}}|King of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:King of the {{{common_name}}}|King of the {{{common_name}}}|Monarch}}}}|King]]|[[{{#ifexist:President of {{{common_name}}}|President of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:President of the {{{common_name}}}|President of the {{{common_name}}}|Президент (державна посада)}}}}|Президент]][[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичним президентом]]}}}}
|текст9      = {{#if:{{{year_leader1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{#ifexist:{{{leader1|}}}|[[{{{leader1|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader1]]|{{{leader1|}}}}}}}
|клас_рядка10 = mergedrow
|текст10      = {{#if:{{{year_leader1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_leader1|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader1|}}}|[[{{{leader1|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader1]]|{{{leader1|}}}}} |{{{year_leader2|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader2|}}}|[[{{{leader2|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader2]]|{{{leader2|}}}}}|{{{year_leader3|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader3|}}}|[[{{{leader3|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader3]]|{{{leader3|}}}}} |{{{year_leader4|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader4|}}}|[[{{{leader4|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader4]]|{{{leader4|}}}}} |{{{year_leader5|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader5|}}}|[[{{{leader5|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader5]]|{{{leader5|}}}}} |{{{year_leader6|}}} |{{{leader6|}}} |{{{year_leader7|}}} |{{{leader7|}}} |{{{year_leader8|}}} |{{{leader8|}}} |{{{year_leader9|}}} |{{{leader9|}}} |{{{year_leader10|}}} |{{{leader10|}}} |{{{year_leader11|}}} |{{{leader11|}}}|{{{year_leader12|}}} |{{{leader12|}}}|{{{year_leader13|}}} |{{{leader13|}}}|{{{year_leader14|}}} |{{{leader14|}}}|{{{year_leader15|}}} |{{{leader15|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка11 = mergedrow
|мітка11      = {{#if:{{{title_representative|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_representative}}}|[[{{{title_representative}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_representative]]|{{{title_representative}}}}}|[[{{#ifexist:Governor of {{{common_name}}}|Governor of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist: Governor of the {{{common_name}}}|Governor of the {{{common_name}}}|Governor}}}}|Governor]]}}
|текст11      = {{#if:{{{year_representative1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_representative|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{{representative1|}}}}}
|клас_рядка12 = mergedrow
|текст12      = {{#if:{{{year_representative1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_representative1|}}} |{{{representative1|}}} |{{{year_representative2|}}} |{{{representative2|}}} |{{{year_representative3|}}} |{{{representative3|}}} |{{{year_representative4|}}} |{{{representative4|}}} |{{{year_representative5|}}} |{{{representative5|}}}|{{{year_representative6|}}} |{{{representative6|}}}|{{{year_representative7|}}} |{{{representative7|}}}|{{{year_representative8|}}} |{{{representative8|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка13 = mergedrow
|мітка13      = {{#if:{{{title_deputy|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_deputy}}}|[[{{{title_deputy}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_deputy]]|{{{title_deputy}}}}}|[[{{#ifexist:Prime minister of {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister of the {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime Minister of {{{common_name}}}|Prime Minister of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime Minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime Minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister}}}}}}}}|Prime minister]]}}
|текст13      = {{#if:{{{year_deputy1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_deputy|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{{deputy1|}}}}}
|клас_рядка14 = mergedrow
|текст14      = {{#if:{{{year_deputy1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_deputy1|}}} |{{{deputy1|}}} |{{{year_deputy2|}}} |{{{deputy2|}}} |{{{year_deputy3|}}} |{{{deputy3|}}}|{{{year_deputy4|}}} |{{{deputy4|}}} |{{{year_deputy5|}}} |{{{deputy5|}}} |{{{year_deputy6|}}} |{{{deputy6|}}}|{{{year_deputy7|}}} |{{{deputy7|}}}|{{{year_deputy8|}}} |{{{deputy8|}}}|{{{year_deputy9|}}} |{{{deputy9|}}}|{{{year_deputy10|}}} |{{{deputy10|}}}|{{{year_deputy11|}}} |{{{deputy11|}}}|{{{year_deputy12|}}} |{{{deputy12|}}}|{{{year_deputy13|}}} |{{{deputy13|}}}|{{{year_deputy14|}}} |{{{deputy14|}}}|{{{year_deputy15|}}} |{{{deputy15|}}} }} }}

|мітка15      = Законодавчий орган
|текст15      = {{{legislature|}}}
|клас_рядка16 = mergedrow
|мітка16      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{#if:{{{type_house1|}}}|{{{type_house1}}}|[[Верхня палата]]}}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст16      = {{{upper_house|{{{house1|}}}}}}
|клас_рядка17 = mergedbottomrow
|мітка17      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{#if:{{{type_house2|}}}|{{{type_house2}}}|[[Нижня палата]]}}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст17      = {{{lower_house|{{{house2|}}}}}}

|мітка18      = {{#if:{{{era|}}}|Історичний період|Історія}}
|текст18      = {{#if:{{{era|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{era|}}}|[[{{{era}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: era]]|{{{era}}}}} {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||{{#switch:{{{era}}}
  |Холодна війна=[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення часів Холодної війни|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  |Міжвоєнного періоду=[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення міжвоєнного періоду|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }} }}|{{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}} }}
{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| {{#ifeq:0|{{#expr:{{{year_end}}}&gt;({{{year_start}}}+10)}}|[[Категорія:{{#switch:{{{era}}}
  |Друга світова війна=Колишні державні утворення часів Другої світової війни
  |Перша світова війна=Колишні державні утворення часів Першої світової війни
  |#default=Короткочасні держави}}|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]] }} }}

|клас_рядка19 = {{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}} |mergedrow |mergedbottomrow}}
|текст19      = {{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків |{{{event_pre|}}} |{{{date_pre|}}}  |{{if empty|{{{event_start|}}}|Засновано}} |{{#if:{{{date_start|}}}|{{{date_start|}}}|{{{year_start|}}}}} |{{{event1|}}} |{{{date_event1|}}}  |{{{event2|}}} |{{{date_event2|}}}  |{{{event3|}}} |{{{date_event3|}}}  |{{{event4|}}} |{{{date_event4|}}}  |{{{event5|}}} |{{{date_event5|}}}  |{{{event6|}}} |{{{date_event6|}}}|{{{event7|}}} |{{{date_event7|}}}|{{{event8|}}} |{{{date_event8|}}}|{{{event9|}}} |{{{date_event9|}}}|{{{event10|}}} |{{{date_event10|}}}  |{{if empty|{{{event_end|}}}|Ліквідовано}} |{{#if:{{{date_end|}}}|{{{date_end|}}}|{{{year_end|}}}}}  |{{{event_post|}}} |{{{date_post|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка20 = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}||mergedtoprow}}
|заголовок20  = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}| {{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}{{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} |[[Площа]] }} }}
|мітка20      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}} || [[Площа]] }} 
|текст20      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}||{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }} }}

|клас_рядка21 = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка21      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year1}}}{{{ref_area1|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст21      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}}}

|клас_рядка22 = {{#if:{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка22      = {{#if: {{{stat_year2|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year2}}}{{{ref_area2|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст22      = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area2|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка23 = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка23      = {{#if: {{{stat_year3|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year3}}}{{{ref_area3|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст23      = {{#if: {{{stat_area3|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area3|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка24 = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка24      = {{#if: {{{stat_year4|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year4}}}{{{ref_area4|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст24      = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area4|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }} 

|клас_рядка25 = mergedbottomrow
|мітка25      = &lt;div style=&quot;padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year5|}}}|&amp;nbsp;-&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year5}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст25      = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area5|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка26 = mergedtoprow
|заголовок26  = [[Населення]]

|клас_рядка27 = {{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}{{{stat_pop2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка27      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if:{{{stat_year1|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year1}}} }} {{#if:{{{ref_pop1|}}}|{{{ref_pop1}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст27      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop1|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка28 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка28      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота населення|Густота]]&lt;/div&gt;
|текст28      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop1|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop1|}}} div {{{stat_area1|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка29 = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}} 
|мітка29      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year2|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year2|}}}}}{{#if:{{{ref_pop2|}}}|{{{ref_pop2}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст29      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop2|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;л. }}

|клас_рядка30 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}} 
|мітка30      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст30      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop2|}}} div {{{stat_area2|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка31 = {{#if: {{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка31      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year3|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year3}}}}} {{#if:{{{ref_pop3|}}}|{{{ref_pop3}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст31      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop3|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop3|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка32 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка32      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст32      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop3|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area3|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop3}}} div {{{stat_area3}}} round 1}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка33 = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка33      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year4|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year4}}}}} {{#if:{{{ref_pop4|}}}|{{{ref_pop4}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст33      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop4|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка34 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка34      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст34      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop4|}}} div {{{stat_area4|}}} round 1}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка35 = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}} |mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка35      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year5|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year5}}}}} {{#if:{{{ref_pop5|}}}|{{{ref_pop5}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст35      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop5|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка36 = mergedbottomrow
|мітка36      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст36      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop5|}}} div {{{stat_area5|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|мітка37      = [[Валюта]]
|текст37      = {{#ifexist:{{{currency|}}}|[[{{{currency|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: currency]]|{{{currency|}}}}}

|клас_рядка38 = mergedtoprow
|текст38      = {{#if:{{{pn1|}}} |[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|F]]}}{{#if:{{{sn1|}}} |[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|F]]}}{{#if:{{{p1|}}}{{{s1|}}}
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      <id>7305416</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:36:26Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Тосуен</username>
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      <text bytes="46865" sha1="nq3uc4q229b2uv2scnf0udjfebfrji1" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Wp/buk/Esoteric}}
{{Wp/buk/Ombox
| type = notice
| image = [[Файл:Tools.svg|40px|link=|alt=]]
| text = '''Цей шаблон перебуває в постійному процесі вдосконалення.'''&lt;br&gt;
Через різноманітність історичних держав і форм державного устрою він може потребувати додаткового налаштування для окремих статей. Якщо під час використання шаблону виникають проблеми, будь ласка, повідомте про них на [[Обговорення шаблону:Картка:Колишня країна|сторінці обговорення шаблону]].
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot; padding-top:0.75em; {{Float right}}; background:none; margin:0 0em 1em .25em; width:{{{width|290px}}}; text-align:center; &lt;!--font-size:85%;--&gt; line-height:1.4em;&quot;&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!--------------Section that checks if critical information is missing-------------&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{common_name|}}}||&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt;'''Увага''':  ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|common_name]]&quot;''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|N]]}}&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{continent|}}}|
 {{#switch:{{{region}}}
  |Італія= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави Італії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Балкани = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення на Балканах|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Британські острови = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Британських островів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Нідерланди = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Нідерландів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Китай = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Китаю|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Японія= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Японії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Україна= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави України|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Білорусі= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Білорусі|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Росія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Євразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Корея = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави  Кореї|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |#default = {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{country}}}}}
    |Китай = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави  Китаю|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Японія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Японії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Корея = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Кореї|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Малайзія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Малайзії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |#default = {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{continent}}}}}
      |Європа = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Азія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Північна Америка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Північної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]}}
      |Південна Америка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Південної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]}}
      |Африка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Океанія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Океанії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Євразія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Євразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Афроєвразія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Афроєвразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt;'''Увага''': ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|continent]]&quot; [[Template:Infobox_Former_Country/Instructions#Location|does not comply]]''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|C]]}}&lt;/span&gt;
  }}}}}}
 |&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt; '''Увага''': ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|continent]]&quot;''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|C]]}}&lt;/span&gt;}}&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!-- Categorisation for status, now separate from its placement within infobox to make the coding clearer 
--&gt;{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| 
 {{#if:{{{status|}}}| {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{status}}}}}
  |Імперія = [[Категорія:Колишні імперії|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Федерація |Федеративний = [[Категорія:Колишні федерації|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Конфедерація = [[Категорія:Колишні конфедерації|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Союз держав|Державний союз |Союз = [[Категорія:Колишні союзи держав|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  |Невизначений|Невідомо |Невизнана держава =[[Категорія:Колишні невизнані держави|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Місто-держава|Поліс |Держава-місто |Місто = [[Категорія:Колишні міста-держави|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Співдружність = [[Категорія:Колишні співдружності|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Мандат Ліги Націй|Ліга Націй |Мандат = [[Категорія:Мандати Ліги Націй|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |United Nations Trust Territory| UN Trust Territory |Trust Territory=[[Категорія:United Nations Trust Territories|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |Протекторат= [[Категорія:Колишні {{#switch:{{{empire}}}|Велика Британія|UK|Britain=британські}} протекторати|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |Кліент|Держава кліент|Клієнт|Держава-клієнт ={{#switch:{{{empire|}}}
    |Перша французька імперія | Франція = [[Категорія:Держави-клієнти Великої французької війни|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |#default =  [[Категорія:Колишні держави-клієнти|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }}
  |Васал={{#switch:{{{empire|}}}
    |Священна Римська імперія| СРІ = [[Категорія:Держави Священної Римської імперії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |#default =  [[Категорія:Колишні держави-васали|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }}
  |Сателіт|Держава сателіт | Держава сателіт =[[Категорія:Держави-сателіти|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Колонія ={{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{empire}}}}}
    |United Kingdom |UK |British Empire |England| Britain= [[Категорія:Колишні британські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Франція|Французька імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Франції|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Голандія|Нідерланди =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Нідерландів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Бельгія =[[Категорія:Колишні бельгійські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Іспанія|Ісранська імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні іспанські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Португалія =[[Категорія:Колишні португальські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Німеччина|Німецька імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні німецькі колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Італія =[[Категорія:Колишні італійські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Швеція =[[Категорія:Колишні шведські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Данія =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Данії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Норвегія =[[Категорія:Колишні норвежзькі колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Японія =[[Категорія:Колишні японські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |#default = [[Категорія:Колишні колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  }}
  |Екзиль|Уряд в екзилі = [[Категорія:Уряди в екзилі|{{{common_name}}}]] 
  |Тимчасовий|Тимчасовий уряд|Тимчасові уряди = [[Категорія:Тимчасові уряди|{{{common_name}}}]] 
  |Особливий|Особлива територія|Військова окупація= [[Категорія:Особливі території|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |#default=[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|S]]
}}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!------------------------------Infobox proper begins------------------------------&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;{{Картка
|клас_тіла     = ib-country vcard
|стиль_тіла    = width:{{{width|290px}}};
|клас_угорі    = mergedtoprow
|стилі_шаблону = Шаблон:Картка країни/styles.css
|стиль_угорі   = line-height:1.2em; font-size:135%;font-weight:bold;
|угорі         = {{#if:{{{native_name|}}} 
 | {{{native_name}}} {{#if:{{{conventional_long_name|}}} 
   | &lt;br/&gt;{{{conventional_long_name}}}
   }}
 | {{#if:{{{conventional_long_name|}}} 
   | {{{conventional_long_name}}}
   | ''Помилка: No name(s) given'' {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|N]]}}
   }}
}}

|підзаголовок1 = {{#if:{{{status|}}}|{{Картка країни/текст статусу|status={{{status|}}}|status_text={{{status_text|}}}|empire={{{empire|}}}|year_end={{{year_end|}}}|year_exile_start={{{year_exile_start|}}}|year_exile_end={{{year_exile_end|}}} }} }}
|підзаголовок2 = {{(!}} width=100% style=&quot;text-align:center; margin:0 auto; background:none; color: var(--color-base, #202122)&quot;
    {{!}}-
    {{!}}width=50px style=&quot;border:0; vertical-align:middle; font-size:95%; line-height: 105%;&quot;{{!}} {{#if:{{{p2|}}}|[[#before-after|↓]]| {{#ifexist:{{{p1}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p1}}}|link={{{p1}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p1|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p1}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p1|}}}|{{{image_p1}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p1}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p1}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p1}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p1}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p2}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p2}}}|link={{{p2}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p2|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p2}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p2|}}}|{{{image_p2}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p2}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p2}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p2}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p2}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p3}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p3}}}|link={{{p3}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p3|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p3}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p3|}}}|{{{image_p3}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p3}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p3}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p3}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p3}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p4}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p4}}}|link={{{p4}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p4|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p4}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p4|}}}|{{{image_p4}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p4}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p4}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p4}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p4}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}}  {{#ifexist:{{{p5}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p5}}}|link={{{p5}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p5|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p5}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p5|}}}|{{{image_p5}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p5}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p5}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p5}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p5}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}}}}
    {{!}}style=&quot;vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:115%; border:0&quot; {{!}} {{#if:{{{year_end|}}}| {{#if:{{{life_span|}}}|''' {{{life_span}}} ''' |'''{{#ifeq:{{{year_start|}}}|{{{year_end}}}|{{{year_start}}}|{{#if:{{{year_start|}}}|{{{year_start}}}&amp;nbsp;–&amp;nbsp;}}{{{year_end}}}}}'''}} |'''Life span?'''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|Y]]}} }}
    {{!}}width=50px style=&quot;border:0; vertical-align: middle;  line-height: 105%;&quot;{{!}} {{#if:{{{s2|}}}|[[#before-after|↓]]| {{#ifexist:{{{s1}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s1}}}|link={{{s1}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s1|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s1}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s1|}}}|{{{image_s1}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s1}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s1}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s1}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s1}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s2}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s2}}}|link={{{s2}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s2|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s2}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s2|}}}|{{{image_s2}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s2}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s2}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s2}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s2}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s3}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s3}}}|link={{{s3}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_s3|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s3}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s3|}}}|{{{image_s3}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s3}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s3}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s3}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s3}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s4}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s4}}}|link={{{s4}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s4|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s4}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s4|}}}|{{{image_s4}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s4}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s4}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s4}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s4}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}}  {{#ifexist:{{{s5}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s5}}}|link={{{s5}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_s5|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s5}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s5|}}}|{{{image_s5}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s5}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s5}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s5}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s5}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} }}
    {{!)}}
|зображення1 = {{#if:{{{image_coat|}}}{{{image_symbol|}}}{{{image_flag|}}}{{{image_flag2|}}}
  |{{Картка країни/таблиця зображень
    |зображення1а = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{{image_flag|}}}|sizedefault=125px|size={{{flag_width|{{{flag_size|}}}}}}|maxsize=250|border={{yesno |{{{flag_border|}}}|yes=yes|blank=yes}}|alt={{{alt_flag|{{{flag_alt|}}}}}}|title=Прапор {{{common_name|{{{name|{{{linking_name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}}}}
    |зображення1б = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{{image_flag2|}}}|sizedefault=125px|size={{{flag_width|}}}|maxsize=250|border={{yesno |{{{flag2_border|}}}|yes=yes|blank=yes}}|alt={{{alt_flag2|{{{flag_alt2|}}}}}}}}
    |підпис1= {{#ifexist:{{if empty |{{{flag_type_article|}}} |{{{flag|}}} | {{if empty |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} |[[{{if empty |{{{flag_type_article|}}} |{{{flag|}}} |{{if empty |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }}|{{if empty |{{{flag_caption|}}} |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}}]] |{{if empty |{{{flag_caption|}}} |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} }}
    |зображення2а  = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{if empty|{{{image_coat|}}}|{{{image_symbol|}}}}} |size={{{symbol_width|{{{coa_size|}}}}}}|sizedefault=85px|alt={{#if:{{{image_coat|}}}|{{{alt_coat|{{{coat_alt|}}}}}}|{{{alt_symbol|}}}}}|title={{{symbol_type|Герб}}} {{{common_name|{{{name|{{{linking_name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}}}}
    |зображення2б =  {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{if empty|{{{image_coat2|}}}|{{{image_symbol2|}}}}} |size={{{symbol_width|{{{coa_size|}}}}}}|sizedefault=85px|alt={{#if:{{{image_coat2|}}}|{{{alt_coat2|{{{coat_alt2|}}}}}}|{{{alt_symbol2|}}}}}}}
    |підпис2= {{#ifexist:{{if empty |{{{symbol_type_article|}}} |{{{symbol|}}} |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} |[[{{if empty |{{{symbol_type_article|}}} |{{{symbol|}}} |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} | {{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}}]] |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} }}
    }} }}
|текст1 = {{#if: {{{national_motto|}}} |'''[[Девіз]]'''&lt;br/&gt;{{{national_motto}}}}}

|текст2 = {{#if: {{{national_anthem|}}} |
                  '''[[Гімн]]'''&lt;br/&gt;{{#ifexist:{{{national_anthem}}}|{{{national_anthem}}}|{{{national_anthem}}}}}
          }}

|текст3 = {{#if:{{{image_map|}}} |
           [[Image:{{{image_map|&lt;noinclude&gt;Missing map.png&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|{{{image_size|250px}}}|center|{{{common_name}}}: історичні кордони на карті]]&lt;small&gt;{{#if:{{{image_map_caption|}}}|{{{image_map_caption}}}}}&lt;/small&gt;
          }}

|клас_рядка4 = {{#if:{{{capital_exile|}}}|mergedtoprow}} 
|мітка4      = [[Столиця]]
|текст4      =  {{#if:{{{capital|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{capital}}}|[[{{{capital}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: capital]]|{{{capital}}}}}|{{wikidata|p36}}}}{{#if: {{{latd|}}}|&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;{{coord2|{{{latd}}}|{{{latm}}}|{{{latNS}}}|{{{longd}}}|{{{longm}}}|{{{longEW}}}|type:country({{{area}}})}}&lt;/small&gt;}}

|клас_рядка5 = {{#if:{{{capital|}}}| mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка5      = Столиця в екзилі
|текст5      = {{{capital_exile|}}}
|мітка6      = Мови
|текст6      = {{#ifexist:{{{common_languages|}}} language|[[{{{common_languages}}} language|{{{common_languages}}}]] |{{#ifexist:{{{common_languages|}}}|[[{{{common_languages}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: common_languages]]|{{{common_languages|}}}}}}}

|мітка7      = [[Релігія|Релігії]]
|текст7      =  {{#ifexist:{{{religion|}}}|[[{{{religion|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: religion]]|{{{religion|}}}}}

|клас_рядка8 = {{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}{{{title_deputy|}}}{{{title_representative|}}}|mergedtoprow}}
|мітка8      = [[Державний устрій|{{#if:{{{government_type|}}}|Форма правління|{{#if:{{{status|}}}|Державний устрій|Державний устрій}}}}]]
|текст8      =  {{#if:{{{government_type|}}}|{{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{government_type}}}}}
  |Конституційна монархія |конституційна монархія
  |Монархія=[[{{{government_type}}}]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||{{#switch:{{{continent}}}
    |Європа=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Азія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Північна Америка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Північної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]
    |Південна Америка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Південної Америки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Африка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Океанія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Океанії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Євразія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Afroeurasia=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]|[[Категорія:Колишні монархії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    }}}}
  |Республіка|Федеративна республіка|Автономна республіка=[[Республіка]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні республіки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Князівство=[[Князівство]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні князівства|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Соціалістична держава |Соціалістична республіка =[[Соціалістична держава|Соціалістична республіка]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні соціалістичні республіки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Диктатура |Військова диктатура=[[Диктатура]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні диктатури|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Various = 
  |#default = {{#ifexist:{{{government_type}}}|[[{{{government_type}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: government_type]]|{{{government_type}}}}}&lt;!-- ''Value specified for &quot;government_type&quot; [[Template:Infobox_Former_Country/Instructions#Politics|does not comply]]'' --&gt;[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|G]]
  }}|{{#if:{{{status|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{status}}}|[[{{{status}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: status]]|{{{status}}}}}|''Не вказано''}}
}}

|клас_рядка9 = mergedrow
|мітка9      = {{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_leader}}}|[[{{{title_leader}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_leader]]|{{{title_leader}}}}}|{{#switch:{{{government_type}}}|Monarchy=[[{{#ifexist:King of {{{common_name}}}|King of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:King of the {{{common_name}}}|King of the {{{common_name}}}|Monarch}}}}|King]]|Constitutional monarchy=[[{{#ifexist:King of {{{common_name}}}|King of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:King of the {{{common_name}}}|King of the {{{common_name}}}|Monarch}}}}|King]]|[[{{#ifexist:President of {{{common_name}}}|President of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:President of the {{{common_name}}}|President of the {{{common_name}}}|Президент (державна посада)}}}}|Президент]][[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичним президентом]]}}}}
|текст9      = {{#if:{{{year_leader1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{#ifexist:{{{leader1|}}}|[[{{{leader1|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader1]]|{{{leader1|}}}}}}}
|клас_рядка10 = mergedrow
|текст10      = {{#if:{{{year_leader1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_leader1|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader1|}}}|[[{{{leader1|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader1]]|{{{leader1|}}}}} |{{{year_leader2|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader2|}}}|[[{{{leader2|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader2]]|{{{leader2|}}}}}|{{{year_leader3|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader3|}}}|[[{{{leader3|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader3]]|{{{leader3|}}}}} |{{{year_leader4|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader4|}}}|[[{{{leader4|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader4]]|{{{leader4|}}}}} |{{{year_leader5|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader5|}}}|[[{{{leader5|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader5]]|{{{leader5|}}}}} |{{{year_leader6|}}} |{{{leader6|}}} |{{{year_leader7|}}} |{{{leader7|}}} |{{{year_leader8|}}} |{{{leader8|}}} |{{{year_leader9|}}} |{{{leader9|}}} |{{{year_leader10|}}} |{{{leader10|}}} |{{{year_leader11|}}} |{{{leader11|}}}|{{{year_leader12|}}} |{{{leader12|}}}|{{{year_leader13|}}} |{{{leader13|}}}|{{{year_leader14|}}} |{{{leader14|}}}|{{{year_leader15|}}} |{{{leader15|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка11 = mergedrow
|мітка11      = {{#if:{{{title_representative|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_representative}}}|[[{{{title_representative}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_representative]]|{{{title_representative}}}}}|[[{{#ifexist:Governor of {{{common_name}}}|Governor of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist: Governor of the {{{common_name}}}|Governor of the {{{common_name}}}|Governor}}}}|Governor]]}}
|текст11      = {{#if:{{{year_representative1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_representative|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{{representative1|}}}}}
|клас_рядка12 = mergedrow
|текст12      = {{#if:{{{year_representative1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_representative1|}}} |{{{representative1|}}} |{{{year_representative2|}}} |{{{representative2|}}} |{{{year_representative3|}}} |{{{representative3|}}} |{{{year_representative4|}}} |{{{representative4|}}} |{{{year_representative5|}}} |{{{representative5|}}}|{{{year_representative6|}}} |{{{representative6|}}}|{{{year_representative7|}}} |{{{representative7|}}}|{{{year_representative8|}}} |{{{representative8|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка13 = mergedrow
|мітка13      = {{#if:{{{title_deputy|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_deputy}}}|[[{{{title_deputy}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_deputy]]|{{{title_deputy}}}}}|[[{{#ifexist:Prime minister of {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister of the {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime Minister of {{{common_name}}}|Prime Minister of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime Minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime Minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister}}}}}}}}|Prime minister]]}}
|текст13      = {{#if:{{{year_deputy1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_deputy|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{{deputy1|}}}}}
|клас_рядка14 = mergedrow
|текст14      = {{#if:{{{year_deputy1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_deputy1|}}} |{{{deputy1|}}} |{{{year_deputy2|}}} |{{{deputy2|}}} |{{{year_deputy3|}}} |{{{deputy3|}}}|{{{year_deputy4|}}} |{{{deputy4|}}} |{{{year_deputy5|}}} |{{{deputy5|}}} |{{{year_deputy6|}}} |{{{deputy6|}}}|{{{year_deputy7|}}} |{{{deputy7|}}}|{{{year_deputy8|}}} |{{{deputy8|}}}|{{{year_deputy9|}}} |{{{deputy9|}}}|{{{year_deputy10|}}} |{{{deputy10|}}}|{{{year_deputy11|}}} |{{{deputy11|}}}|{{{year_deputy12|}}} |{{{deputy12|}}}|{{{year_deputy13|}}} |{{{deputy13|}}}|{{{year_deputy14|}}} |{{{deputy14|}}}|{{{year_deputy15|}}} |{{{deputy15|}}} }} }}

|мітка15      = Законодавчий орган
|текст15      = {{{legislature|}}}
|клас_рядка16 = mergedrow
|мітка16      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{#if:{{{type_house1|}}}|{{{type_house1}}}|[[Верхня палата]]}}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст16      = {{{upper_house|{{{house1|}}}}}}
|клас_рядка17 = mergedbottomrow
|мітка17      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{#if:{{{type_house2|}}}|{{{type_house2}}}|[[Нижня палата]]}}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст17      = {{{lower_house|{{{house2|}}}}}}

|мітка18      = {{#if:{{{era|}}}|Історичний період|Історія}}
|текст18      = {{#if:{{{era|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{era|}}}|[[{{{era}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: era]]|{{{era}}}}} {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||{{#switch:{{{era}}}
  |Холодна війна=[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення часів Холодної війни|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  |Міжвоєнного періоду=[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення міжвоєнного періоду|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }} }}|{{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}} }}
{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| {{#ifeq:0|{{#expr:{{{year_end}}}&gt;({{{year_start}}}+10)}}|[[Категорія:{{#switch:{{{era}}}
  |Друга світова війна=Колишні державні утворення часів Другої світової війни
  |Перша світова війна=Колишні державні утворення часів Першої світової війни
  |#default=Короткочасні держави}}|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]] }} }}

|клас_рядка19 = {{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}} |mergedrow |mergedbottomrow}}
|текст19      = {{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків |{{{event_pre|}}} |{{{date_pre|}}}  |{{if empty|{{{event_start|}}}|Засновано}} |{{#if:{{{date_start|}}}|{{{date_start|}}}|{{{year_start|}}}}} |{{{event1|}}} |{{{date_event1|}}}  |{{{event2|}}} |{{{date_event2|}}}  |{{{event3|}}} |{{{date_event3|}}}  |{{{event4|}}} |{{{date_event4|}}}  |{{{event5|}}} |{{{date_event5|}}}  |{{{event6|}}} |{{{date_event6|}}}|{{{event7|}}} |{{{date_event7|}}}|{{{event8|}}} |{{{date_event8|}}}|{{{event9|}}} |{{{date_event9|}}}|{{{event10|}}} |{{{date_event10|}}}  |{{if empty|{{{event_end|}}}|Ліквідовано}} |{{#if:{{{date_end|}}}|{{{date_end|}}}|{{{year_end|}}}}}  |{{{event_post|}}} |{{{date_post|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка20 = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}||mergedtoprow}}
|заголовок20  = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}| {{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}{{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} |[[Площа]] }} }}
|мітка20      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}} || [[Площа]] }} 
|текст20      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}||{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }} }}

|клас_рядка21 = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка21      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year1}}}{{{ref_area1|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст21      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}}}

|клас_рядка22 = {{#if:{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка22      = {{#if: {{{stat_year2|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year2}}}{{{ref_area2|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст22      = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area2|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка23 = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка23      = {{#if: {{{stat_year3|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year3}}}{{{ref_area3|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст23      = {{#if: {{{stat_area3|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area3|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка24 = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка24      = {{#if: {{{stat_year4|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year4}}}{{{ref_area4|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст24      = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area4|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }} 

|клас_рядка25 = mergedbottomrow
|мітка25      = &lt;div style=&quot;padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year5|}}}|&amp;nbsp;-&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year5}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст25      = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area5|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка26 = mergedtoprow
|заголовок26  = [[Населення]]

|клас_рядка27 = {{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}{{{stat_pop2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка27      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if:{{{stat_year1|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year1}}} }} {{#if:{{{ref_pop1|}}}|{{{ref_pop1}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст27      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop1|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка28 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка28      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота населення|Густота]]&lt;/div&gt;
|текст28      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop1|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop1|}}} div {{{stat_area1|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка29 = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}} 
|мітка29      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year2|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year2|}}}}}{{#if:{{{ref_pop2|}}}|{{{ref_pop2}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст29      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop2|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;л. }}

|клас_рядка30 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}} 
|мітка30      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст30      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop2|}}} div {{{stat_area2|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка31 = {{#if: {{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка31      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year3|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year3}}}}} {{#if:{{{ref_pop3|}}}|{{{ref_pop3}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст31      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop3|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop3|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка32 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка32      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст32      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop3|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area3|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop3}}} div {{{stat_area3}}} round 1}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка33 = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка33      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year4|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year4}}}}} {{#if:{{{ref_pop4|}}}|{{{ref_pop4}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст33      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop4|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка34 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка34      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст34      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop4|}}} div {{{stat_area4|}}} round 1}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка35 = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}} |mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка35      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year5|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year5}}}}} {{#if:{{{ref_pop5|}}}|{{{ref_pop5}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст35      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop5|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка36 = mergedbottomrow
|мітка36      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст36      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop5|}}} div {{{stat_area5|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|мітка37      = [[Валюта]]
|текст37      = {{#ifexist:{{{currency|}}}|[[{{{currency|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: currency]]|{{{currency|}}}}}

|клас_рядка38 = mergedtoprow
|текст38      = {{#if:{{{pn1|}}} |[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|F]]}}{{#if:{{{sn1|}}} |[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|F]]}}{{#if:{{{p1|}}}{{{s1|}}}
              |{{Картка країни/попередник наступник|flag_p1={{{flag_p1|}}}|image_p1={{{image_p1|}}}|p1={{{p1|}}}|border_p1={{{border_p1|}}}|flag_p2={{{flag_p2|}}}|image_p2={{{image_p2|}}}|p2={{{p2|}}}|border_p2={{{border_p2|}}}|flag_p3={{{flag_p3|}}}|image_p3={{{image_p3|}}}|p3={{{p3|}}}|border_p3={{{border_p3|}}}|flag_p4={{{flag_p4|}}}|image_p4={{{image_p4|}}}|p4={{{p4|}}}|border_p4={{{border_p4|}}}|flag_p5={{{flag_p5|}}}|image_p5={{{image_p5|}}}|p5={{{p5|}}}|border_p5={{{border_p5|}}}|flag_p6={{{flag_p6|}}}|image_p6={{{image_p6|}}}|p6={{{p6|}}}|border_p6={{{border_p6|}}}|flag_p7={{{flag_p7|}}}|image_p7={{{image_p7|}}}|p7={{{p7|}}}|border_p7={{{border_p7|}}}|flag_p8={{{flag_p8|}}}|image_p8={{{image_p8|}}}|p8={{{p8|}}}|border_p8={{{border_p8|}}}|flag_p9={{{flag_p9|}}}|image_p9={{{image_p9|}}}|p9={{{p9|}}}|border_p9={{{border_p9|}}}|flag_p10={{{flag_p10|}}}|image_p10={{{image_p10|}}}|p10={{{p10|}}}|border_p10={{{border_p10|}}}|flag_p11={{{flag_p11|}}}|image_p11={{{image_p11|}}}|p11={{{p11|}}}|border_p11={{{border_p11|}}}|flag_p12={{{flag_p12|}}}|image_p12={{{image_p12|}}}|p12={{{p12|}}}|border_p12={{{border_p12|}}}|flag_p13={{{flag_p13|}}}|image_p13={{{image_p13|}}}|p13={{{p13|}}}|border_p13={{{border_p13|}}}|flag_p14={{{flag_p14|}}}|image_p14={{{image_p14|}}}|p14={{{p14|}}}|border_p14={{{border_p14|}}}|flag_p15={{{flag_p15|}}}|image_p15={{{image_p15|}}}|p15={{{p15|}}}|border_p15={{{border_p15|}}}|flag_p16={{{flag_p16|}}}|image_p16={{{image_p16|}}}|p16={{{p16|}}}|border_p16={{{border_p16|}}}|flag_p17={{{flag_p17|}}}|image_p17={{{image_p17|}}}|p17={{{p17|}}}|border_p17={{{border_p17|}}}|flag_p18={{{flag_p18|}}}|image_p18={{{image_p18|}}}|p18={{{p18|}}}|border_p18={{{border_p18|}}}|flag_p19={{{flag_p19|}}}|image_p19={{{image_p19|}}}|p19={{{p19|}}}|border_p19={{{border_p19|}}}|flag_p20={{{flag_p20|}}}|image_p20={{{image_p20|}}}|p20={{{p20|}}}|border_p20={{{border_p20|}}}|flag_p21={{{flag_p21|}}}|image_p21={{{image_p21|}}}|p21={{{p21|}}}|border_p21={{{border_p21|}}}|flag_p22={{{flag_p22|}}}|image_p22={{{image_p22|}}}|p22={{{p22|}}}|border_p22={{{border_p22|}}}|flag_s1={{{flag_s1|}}}|image_s1={{{image_s1|}}}|s1={{{s1|}}}|border_s1={{{border_s1|}}}|flag_s2={{{flag_s2|}}}|image_s2={{{image_s2|}}}|s2={{{s2|}}}|border_s2={{{border_s2|}}}|flag_s3={{{flag_s3|}}}|image_s3={{{image_s3|}}}|s3={{{s3|}}}|border_s3={{{border_s3|}}}|flag_s4={{{flag_s4|}}}|image_s4={{{image_s4|}}}|s4={{{s4|}}}|border_s4={{{border_s4|}}}|flag_s5={{{flag_s5|}}}|image_s5={{{image_s5|}}}|s5={{{s5|}}}|border_s5={{{border_s5|}}}|flag_s6={{{flag_s6|}}}|image_s6={{{image_s6|}}}|s6={{{s6|}}}|border_s6={{{border_s6|}}}|flag_s7={{{flag_s7|}}}|image_s7={{{image_s7|}}}|s7={{{s7|}}}|border_s7={{{border_s7|}}}|flag_s8={{{flag_s8|}}}|image_s8={{{image_s8|}}}|s8={{{s8|}}}|border_s8={{{border_s8|}}}|flag_s9={{{flag_s9|}}}|image_s9={{{image_s9|}}}|s9={{{s9|}}}|border_s9={{{border_s9|}}}|flag_s10={{{flag_s10|}}}|image_s10={{{image_s10|}}}|s10={{{s10|}}}|border_s10={{{border_s10|}}}|flag_s11={{{flag_s11|}}}|image_s11={{{image_s11|}}}|s11={{{s11|}}}|border_s11={{{border_s11|}}}|flag_s12={{{flag_s12|}}}|image_s12={{{image_s12|}}}|s12={{{s12|}}}|border_s12={{{border_s12|}}}|flag_s13={{{flag_s13|}}}|image_s13={{{image_s13|}}}|s13={{{s13|}}}|border_s13={{{border_s13|}}}|flag_s14={{{flag_s14|}}}|image_s14={{{image_s14|}}}|s14={{{s14|}}}|border_s14={{{border_s14|}}}|flag_s15={{{flag_s15|}}}|image_s15={{{image_s15|}}}|s15={{{s15|}}}|border_s15={{{border_s15|}}}|flag_s16={{{flag_s16|}}}|image_s16={{{image_s16|}}}|s16={{{s16|}}}|border_s16={{{border_s16|}}}|flag_s17={{{flag_s17|}}}|image_s17={{{image_s17|}}}|s17={{{s17|}}}|border_s17={{{border_s17|}}}|flag_s18={{{flag_s18|}}}|image_s18={{{image_s18|}}}|s18={{{s18|}}}|border_s18={{{border_s18|}}}|flag_s19={{{flag_s19|}}}|image_s19={{{image_s19|}}}|s19={{{s19|}}}|border_s19={{{border_s19|}}}|flag_s20={{{flag_s20|}}}|image_s20={{{image_s20|}}}|s20={{{s20|}}}|border_s20={{{border_s20|}}}|flag_s21={{{flag_s21|}}}|image_s21={{{image_s21|}}}|s21={{{s21|}}}|border_s21={{{border_s21|}}}|flag_s22={{{flag_s22|}}}|image_s22={{{image_s22|}}}|s22={{{s22|}}}|border_s22={{{border_s22|}}}}}}}

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      <text bytes="46886" sha1="ccvhtv8ti1svgx6x0bcljpua1dxd930" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Wp/buk/Esoteric}}
{{Wp/buk/Ombox
| type = notice
| image = [[Файл:Tools.svg|40px|link=|alt=]]
| text = '''Цей шаблон перебуває в постійному процесі вдосконалення.'''&lt;br&gt;
Через різноманітність історичних держав і форм державного устрою він може потребувати додаткового налаштування для окремих статей. Якщо під час використання шаблону виникають проблеми, будь ласка, повідомте про них на [[Обговорення шаблону:Картка:Колишня країна|сторінці обговорення шаблону]].
}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;&lt;includeonly&gt;&lt;span align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot; padding-top:0.75em; {{Float right}}; background:none; margin:0 0em 1em .25em; width:{{{width|290px}}}; text-align:center; &lt;!--font-size:85%;--&gt; line-height:1.4em;&quot;&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!--------------Section that checks if critical information is missing-------------&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{common_name|}}}||&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt;'''Увага''':  ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|common_name]]&quot;''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|N]]}}&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
}}&lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{continent|}}}|
 {{#switch:{{{region}}}
  |Італія= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави Італії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Балкани = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення на Балканах|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Британські острови = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Британських островів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Нідерланди = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Нідерландів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Китай = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Китаю|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Японія= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Японії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Україна= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави України|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Білорусі= {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Білорусі|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Росія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Євразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Корея = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави  Кореї|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |#default = {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{country}}}}}
    |Китай = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави  Китаю|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Японія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Японії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Корея = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Кореї|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |Малайзія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Малайзії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
    |#default = {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{continent}}}}}
      |Європа = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Історичні держави Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Азія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Північна Америка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Північної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]}}
      |Південна Америка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Південної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]}}
      |Африка = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Океанія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Океанії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Євразія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні держави Євразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |Афроєвразія = {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення Афроєвразії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
      |&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt;'''Увага''': ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|continent]]&quot; [[Template:Infobox_Former_Country/Instructions#Location|does not comply]]''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|C]]}}&lt;/span&gt;
  }}}}}}
 |&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 85%;&quot;&gt; '''Увага''': ''Не вказане значення &quot;[[Wp/buk/Шаблон:Картка:Колишня країна#Використання|continent]]&quot;''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|C]]}}&lt;/span&gt;}}&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!-- Categorisation for status, now separate from its placement within infobox to make the coding clearer 
--&gt;{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| 
 {{#if:{{{status|}}}| {{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{status}}}}}
  |Імперія = [[Категорія:Колишні імперії|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Федерація |Федеративний = [[Категорія:Колишні федерації|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Конфедерація = [[Категорія:Колишні конфедерації|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Союз держав|Державний союз |Союз = [[Категорія:Колишні союзи держав|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  |Невизначений|Невідомо |Невизнана держава =[[Категорія:Колишні невизнані держави|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Місто-держава|Поліс |Держава-місто |Місто = [[Категорія:Колишні міста-держави|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Співдружність = [[Категорія:Колишні співдружності|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Мандат Ліги Націй|Ліга Націй |Мандат = [[Категорія:Мандати Ліги Націй|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |United Nations Trust Territory| UN Trust Territory |Trust Territory=[[Категорія:United Nations Trust Territories|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |Протекторат= [[Категорія:Колишні {{#switch:{{{empire}}}|Велика Британія|UK|Britain=британські}} протекторати|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  |Кліент|Держава кліент|Клієнт|Держава-клієнт ={{#switch:{{{empire|}}}
    |Перша французька імперія | Франція = [[Категорія:Держави-клієнти Великої французької війни|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |#default =  [[Категорія:Колишні держави-клієнти|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }}
  |Васал={{#switch:{{{empire|}}}
    |Священна Римська імперія| СРІ = [[Категорія:Держави Священної Римської імперії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |#default =  [[Категорія:Колишні держави-васали|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }}
  |Сателіт|Держава сателіт | Держава сателіт =[[Категорія:Держави-сателіти|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |Колонія ={{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{empire}}}}}
    |United Kingdom |UK |British Empire |England| Britain= [[Категорія:Колишні британські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Франція|Французька імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Франції|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Голандія|Нідерланди =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Нідерландів|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Бельгія =[[Категорія:Колишні бельгійські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Іспанія|Ісранська імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні іспанські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Португалія =[[Категорія:Колишні португальські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Німеччина|Німецька імперія =[[Категорія:Колишні німецькі колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Італія =[[Категорія:Колишні італійські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Швеція =[[Категорія:Колишні шведські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Данія =[[Категорія:Колишні колонії Данії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Норвегія =[[Категорія:Колишні норвежзькі колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |Японія =[[Категорія:Колишні японські колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
    |#default = [[Категорія:Колишні колонії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{empire}}}]]
  }}
  |Екзиль|Уряд в екзилі = [[Категорія:Уряди в екзилі|{{{common_name}}}]] 
  |Тимчасовий|Тимчасовий уряд|Тимчасові уряди = [[Категорія:Тимчасові уряди|{{{common_name}}}]] 
  |Особливий|Особлива територія|Військова окупація= [[Категорія:Особливі території|{{{common_name}}}]]
  |#default=[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|S]]
}}}}}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;&lt;!------------------------------Infobox proper begins------------------------------&gt;&lt;!--
--&gt;{{Wp/buk/Картка
|клас_тіла     = ib-country vcard
|стиль_тіла    = width:{{{width|290px}}};
|клас_угорі    = mergedtoprow
|стилі_шаблону = Шаблон:Картка країни/styles.css
|стиль_угорі   = line-height:1.2em; font-size:135%;font-weight:bold;
|угорі         = {{#if:{{{native_name|}}} 
 | {{{native_name}}} {{#if:{{{conventional_long_name|}}} 
   | &lt;br/&gt;{{{conventional_long_name}}}
   }}
 | {{#if:{{{conventional_long_name|}}} 
   | {{{conventional_long_name}}}
   | ''Помилка: No name(s) given'' {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|N]]}}
   }}
}}

|підзаголовок1 = {{#if:{{{status|}}}|{{Wp/buk/Картка країни/текст статусу|status={{{status|}}}|status_text={{{status_text|}}}|empire={{{empire|}}}|year_end={{{year_end|}}}|year_exile_start={{{year_exile_start|}}}|year_exile_end={{{year_exile_end|}}} }} }}
|підзаголовок2 = {{(!}} width=100% style=&quot;text-align:center; margin:0 auto; background:none; color: var(--color-base, #202122)&quot;
    {{!}}-
    {{!}}width=50px style=&quot;border:0; vertical-align:middle; font-size:95%; line-height: 105%;&quot;{{!}} {{#if:{{{p2|}}}|[[#before-after|↓]]| {{#ifexist:{{{p1}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p1}}}|link={{{p1}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p1|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p1}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p1|}}}|{{{image_p1}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p1}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p1}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p1}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p1}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p2}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p2}}}|link={{{p2}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p2|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p2}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p2|}}}|{{{image_p2}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p2}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p2}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p2}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p2}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p3}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p3}}}|link={{{p3}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p3|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p3}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p3|}}}|{{{image_p3}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p3}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p3}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p3}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p3}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{p4}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p4}}}|link={{{p4}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p4|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p4}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p4|}}}|{{{image_p4}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p4}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p4}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p4}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p4}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}}  {{#ifexist:{{{p5}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-left.svg|{{{p5}}}|link={{{p5}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_p5|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_p5}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_p5|}}}|{{{image_p5}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{p5}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{p5}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{p5}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{p5}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}}&lt;br&gt;}}}}
    {{!}}style=&quot;vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:115%; border:0&quot; {{!}} {{#if:{{{year_end|}}}| {{#if:{{{life_span|}}}|''' {{{life_span}}} ''' |'''{{#ifeq:{{{year_start|}}}|{{{year_end}}}|{{{year_start}}}|{{#if:{{{year_start|}}}|{{{year_start}}}&amp;nbsp;–&amp;nbsp;}}{{{year_end}}}}}'''}} |'''Life span?'''{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|Y]]}} }}
    {{!}}width=50px style=&quot;border:0; vertical-align: middle;  line-height: 105%;&quot;{{!}} {{#if:{{{s2|}}}|[[#before-after|↓]]| {{#ifexist:{{{s1}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s1}}}|link={{{s1}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s1|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s1}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s1|}}}|{{{image_s1}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s1}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s1}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s1}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s1}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s2}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s2}}}|link={{{s2}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s2|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s2}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s2|}}}|{{{image_s2}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s2}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s2}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s2}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s2}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s3}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s3}}}|link={{{s3}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_s3|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s3}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s3|}}}|{{{image_s3}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s3}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s3}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s3}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s3}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} {{#ifexist:{{{s4}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s4}}}|link={{{s4}}}|20x20px]]  {{#if:{{{flag_s4|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s4}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s4|}}}|{{{image_s4}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s4}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s4}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s4}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s4}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}}  {{#ifexist:{{{s5}}}|[[Файл:Octicons-chevron-right.svg|{{{s5}}}|link={{{s5}}}|20x20px]] {{#if:{{{flag_s5|}}}|[[Image:{{{flag_s5}}}|30px]]|{{#if:{{{image_s5|}}}|{{{image_s5}}}|[[Image:{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_{{{s5}}}.svg|Flag_of_{{{s5}}}.svg|{{#ifexist:Image:Flag_of_the_{{{s5}}}.svg|Flag_of_the_{{{s5}}}.svg|Blank.png}}}}|30px|Flag]]}}}} &lt;br&gt;}} }}
    {{!)}}
|зображення1 = {{#if:{{{image_coat|}}}{{{image_symbol|}}}{{{image_flag|}}}{{{image_flag2|}}}
  |{{Картка країни/таблиця зображень
    |зображення1а = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{{image_flag|}}}|sizedefault=125px|size={{{flag_width|{{{flag_size|}}}}}}|maxsize=250|border={{yesno |{{{flag_border|}}}|yes=yes|blank=yes}}|alt={{{alt_flag|{{{flag_alt|}}}}}}|title=Прапор {{{common_name|{{{name|{{{linking_name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}}}}
    |зображення1б = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{{image_flag2|}}}|sizedefault=125px|size={{{flag_width|}}}|maxsize=250|border={{yesno |{{{flag2_border|}}}|yes=yes|blank=yes}}|alt={{{alt_flag2|{{{flag_alt2|}}}}}}}}
    |підпис1= {{#ifexist:{{if empty |{{{flag_type_article|}}} |{{{flag|}}} | {{if empty |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} |[[{{if empty |{{{flag_type_article|}}} |{{{flag|}}} |{{if empty |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }}|{{if empty |{{{flag_caption|}}} |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}}]] |{{if empty |{{{flag_caption|}}} |{{{flag_type|}}} |Прапор}} }}
    |зображення2а  = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{if empty|{{{image_coat|}}}|{{{image_symbol|}}}}} |size={{{symbol_width|{{{coa_size|}}}}}}|sizedefault=85px|alt={{#if:{{{image_coat|}}}|{{{alt_coat|{{{coat_alt|}}}}}}|{{{alt_symbol|}}}}}|title={{{symbol_type|Герб}}} {{{common_name|{{{name|{{{linking_name|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}}}}}}}}
    |зображення2б =  {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage|suppressplaceholder={{main other||no}}|image={{if empty|{{{image_coat2|}}}|{{{image_symbol2|}}}}} |size={{{symbol_width|{{{coa_size|}}}}}}|sizedefault=85px|alt={{#if:{{{image_coat2|}}}|{{{alt_coat2|{{{coat_alt2|}}}}}}|{{{alt_symbol2|}}}}}}}
    |підпис2= {{#ifexist:{{if empty |{{{symbol_type_article|}}} |{{{symbol|}}} |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} |[[{{if empty |{{{symbol_type_article|}}} |{{{symbol|}}} |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} {{if empty |{{{linking_name|}}} |{{{common_name|}}} |{{{name|}}} |{{PAGENAME}} }} }} | {{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}}]] |{{if empty |{{{symbol_type|}}} |Герб}} }}
    }} }}
|текст1 = {{#if: {{{national_motto|}}} |'''[[Девіз]]'''&lt;br/&gt;{{{national_motto}}}}}

|текст2 = {{#if: {{{national_anthem|}}} |
                  '''[[Гімн]]'''&lt;br/&gt;{{#ifexist:{{{national_anthem}}}|{{{national_anthem}}}|{{{national_anthem}}}}}
          }}

|текст3 = {{#if:{{{image_map|}}} |
           [[Image:{{{image_map|&lt;noinclude&gt;Missing map.png&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|{{{image_size|250px}}}|center|{{{common_name}}}: історичні кордони на карті]]&lt;small&gt;{{#if:{{{image_map_caption|}}}|{{{image_map_caption}}}}}&lt;/small&gt;
          }}

|клас_рядка4 = {{#if:{{{capital_exile|}}}|mergedtoprow}} 
|мітка4      = [[Столиця]]
|текст4      =  {{#if:{{{capital|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{capital}}}|[[{{{capital}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: capital]]|{{{capital}}}}}|{{wikidata|p36}}}}{{#if: {{{latd|}}}|&lt;br /&gt; &lt;small&gt;{{coord2|{{{latd}}}|{{{latm}}}|{{{latNS}}}|{{{longd}}}|{{{longm}}}|{{{longEW}}}|type:country({{{area}}})}}&lt;/small&gt;}}

|клас_рядка5 = {{#if:{{{capital|}}}| mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка5      = Столиця в екзилі
|текст5      = {{{capital_exile|}}}
|мітка6      = Мови
|текст6      = {{#ifexist:{{{common_languages|}}} language|[[{{{common_languages}}} language|{{{common_languages}}}]] |{{#ifexist:{{{common_languages|}}}|[[{{{common_languages}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: common_languages]]|{{{common_languages|}}}}}}}

|мітка7      = [[Релігія|Релігії]]
|текст7      =  {{#ifexist:{{{religion|}}}|[[{{{religion|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: religion]]|{{{religion|}}}}}

|клас_рядка8 = {{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}{{{title_deputy|}}}{{{title_representative|}}}|mergedtoprow}}
|мітка8      = [[Державний устрій|{{#if:{{{government_type|}}}|Форма правління|{{#if:{{{status|}}}|Державний устрій|Державний устрій}}}}]]
|текст8      =  {{#if:{{{government_type|}}}|{{#switch:{{ucfirst:{{{government_type}}}}}
  |Конституційна монархія |конституційна монархія
  |Монархія=[[{{{government_type}}}]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||{{#switch:{{{continent}}}
    |Європа=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Азія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Північна Америка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Північної Америки|{{{common_name}}}]]
    |Південна Америка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Південної Америки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Африка=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Океанія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Океанії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Євразія=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    |Afroeurasia=[[Категорія:Колишні монархії Європи|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Азії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]][[Категорія:Колишні монархії Африки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]|[[Категорія:Колишні монархії|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
    }}}}
  |Республіка|Федеративна республіка|Автономна республіка=[[Республіка]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні республіки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Князівство=[[Князівство]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні князівства|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Соціалістична держава |Соціалістична республіка =[[Соціалістична держава|Соціалістична республіка]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні соціалістичні республіки|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Диктатура |Військова диктатура=[[Диктатура]] {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| [[Категорія:Колишні диктатури|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]}}
  |Various = 
  |#default = {{#ifexist:{{{government_type}}}|[[{{{government_type}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: government_type]]|{{{government_type}}}}}&lt;!-- ''Value specified for &quot;government_type&quot; [[Template:Infobox_Former_Country/Instructions#Politics|does not comply]]'' --&gt;[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|G]]
  }}|{{#if:{{{status|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{status}}}|[[{{{status}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: status]]|{{{status}}}}}|''Не вказано''}}
}}

|клас_рядка9 = mergedrow
|мітка9      = {{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_leader}}}|[[{{{title_leader}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_leader]]|{{{title_leader}}}}}|{{#switch:{{{government_type}}}|Monarchy=[[{{#ifexist:King of {{{common_name}}}|King of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:King of the {{{common_name}}}|King of the {{{common_name}}}|Monarch}}}}|King]]|Constitutional monarchy=[[{{#ifexist:King of {{{common_name}}}|King of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:King of the {{{common_name}}}|King of the {{{common_name}}}|Monarch}}}}|King]]|[[{{#ifexist:President of {{{common_name}}}|President of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:President of the {{{common_name}}}|President of the {{{common_name}}}|Президент (державна посада)}}}}|Президент]][[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичним президентом]]}}}}
|текст9      = {{#if:{{{year_leader1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_leader|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{#ifexist:{{{leader1|}}}|[[{{{leader1|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader1]]|{{{leader1|}}}}}}}
|клас_рядка10 = mergedrow
|текст10      = {{#if:{{{year_leader1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_leader1|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader1|}}}|[[{{{leader1|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader1]]|{{{leader1|}}}}} |{{{year_leader2|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader2|}}}|[[{{{leader2|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader2]]|{{{leader2|}}}}}|{{{year_leader3|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader3|}}}|[[{{{leader3|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader3]]|{{{leader3|}}}}} |{{{year_leader4|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader4|}}}|[[{{{leader4|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader4]]|{{{leader4|}}}}} |{{{year_leader5|}}} |{{#ifexist:{{{leader5|}}}|[[{{{leader5|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: leader5]]|{{{leader5|}}}}} |{{{year_leader6|}}} |{{{leader6|}}} |{{{year_leader7|}}} |{{{leader7|}}} |{{{year_leader8|}}} |{{{leader8|}}} |{{{year_leader9|}}} |{{{leader9|}}} |{{{year_leader10|}}} |{{{leader10|}}} |{{{year_leader11|}}} |{{{leader11|}}}|{{{year_leader12|}}} |{{{leader12|}}}|{{{year_leader13|}}} |{{{leader13|}}}|{{{year_leader14|}}} |{{{leader14|}}}|{{{year_leader15|}}} |{{{leader15|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка11 = mergedrow
|мітка11      = {{#if:{{{title_representative|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_representative}}}|[[{{{title_representative}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_representative]]|{{{title_representative}}}}}|[[{{#ifexist:Governor of {{{common_name}}}|Governor of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist: Governor of the {{{common_name}}}|Governor of the {{{common_name}}}|Governor}}}}|Governor]]}}
|текст11      = {{#if:{{{year_representative1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_representative|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{{representative1|}}}}}
|клас_рядка12 = mergedrow
|текст12      = {{#if:{{{year_representative1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_representative1|}}} |{{{representative1|}}} |{{{year_representative2|}}} |{{{representative2|}}} |{{{year_representative3|}}} |{{{representative3|}}} |{{{year_representative4|}}} |{{{representative4|}}} |{{{year_representative5|}}} |{{{representative5|}}}|{{{year_representative6|}}} |{{{representative6|}}}|{{{year_representative7|}}} |{{{representative7|}}}|{{{year_representative8|}}} |{{{representative8|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка13 = mergedrow
|мітка13      = {{#if:{{{title_deputy|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{title_deputy}}}|[[{{{title_deputy}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: title_deputy]]|{{{title_deputy}}}}}|[[{{#ifexist:Prime minister of {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister of the {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime Minister of {{{common_name}}}|Prime Minister of {{{common_name}}}|{{#ifexist:Prime Minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime Minister of the {{{common_name}}}|Prime minister}}}}}}}}|Prime minister]]}}
|текст13      = {{#if:{{{year_deputy1|}}}|{{#if:{{{title_deputy|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}}|{{{deputy1|}}}}}
|клас_рядка14 = mergedrow
|текст14      = {{#if:{{{year_deputy1|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків|{{{year_deputy1|}}} |{{{deputy1|}}} |{{{year_deputy2|}}} |{{{deputy2|}}} |{{{year_deputy3|}}} |{{{deputy3|}}}|{{{year_deputy4|}}} |{{{deputy4|}}} |{{{year_deputy5|}}} |{{{deputy5|}}} |{{{year_deputy6|}}} |{{{deputy6|}}}|{{{year_deputy7|}}} |{{{deputy7|}}}|{{{year_deputy8|}}} |{{{deputy8|}}}|{{{year_deputy9|}}} |{{{deputy9|}}}|{{{year_deputy10|}}} |{{{deputy10|}}}|{{{year_deputy11|}}} |{{{deputy11|}}}|{{{year_deputy12|}}} |{{{deputy12|}}}|{{{year_deputy13|}}} |{{{deputy13|}}}|{{{year_deputy14|}}} |{{{deputy14|}}}|{{{year_deputy15|}}} |{{{deputy15|}}} }} }}

|мітка15      = Законодавчий орган
|текст15      = {{{legislature|}}}
|клас_рядка16 = mergedrow
|мітка16      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{#if:{{{type_house1|}}}|{{{type_house1}}}|[[Верхня палата]]}}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст16      = {{{upper_house|{{{house1|}}}}}}
|клас_рядка17 = mergedbottomrow
|мітка17      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{#if:{{{type_house2|}}}|{{{type_house2}}}|[[Нижня палата]]}}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст17      = {{{lower_house|{{{house2|}}}}}}

|мітка18      = {{#if:{{{era|}}}|Історичний період|Історія}}
|текст18      = {{#if:{{{era|}}}|{{#ifexist:{{{era|}}}|[[{{{era}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: era]]|{{{era}}}}} {{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}||{{#switch:{{{era}}}
  |Холодна війна=[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення часів Холодної війни|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  |Міжвоєнного періоду=[[Категорія:Колишні державні утворення міжвоєнного періоду|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]]
  }} }}|{{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}}|&amp;nbsp;}} }}
{{#if:{{{_noautocat|&lt;noinclude&gt;yes&lt;/noinclude&gt;}}}|| {{#ifeq:0|{{#expr:{{{year_end}}}&gt;({{{year_start}}}+10)}}|[[Категорія:{{#switch:{{{era}}}
  |Друга світова війна=Колишні державні утворення часів Другої світової війни
  |Перша світова війна=Колишні державні утворення часів Першої світової війни
  |#default=Короткочасні держави}}|{{{common_name}}}, {{{year_start}}}]] }} }}

|клас_рядка19 = {{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}} |mergedrow |mergedbottomrow}}
|текст19      = {{#if:{{{date_start|}}}{{{year_start|}}}|{{Картка країни/кілька рядків |{{{event_pre|}}} |{{{date_pre|}}}  |{{if empty|{{{event_start|}}}|Засновано}} |{{#if:{{{date_start|}}}|{{{date_start|}}}|{{{year_start|}}}}} |{{{event1|}}} |{{{date_event1|}}}  |{{{event2|}}} |{{{date_event2|}}}  |{{{event3|}}} |{{{date_event3|}}}  |{{{event4|}}} |{{{date_event4|}}}  |{{{event5|}}} |{{{date_event5|}}}  |{{{event6|}}} |{{{date_event6|}}}|{{{event7|}}} |{{{date_event7|}}}|{{{event8|}}} |{{{date_event8|}}}|{{{event9|}}} |{{{date_event9|}}}|{{{event10|}}} |{{{date_event10|}}}  |{{if empty|{{{event_end|}}}|Ліквідовано}} |{{#if:{{{date_end|}}}|{{{date_end|}}}|{{{year_end|}}}}}  |{{{event_post|}}} |{{{date_post|}}} }} }}

|клас_рядка20 = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}||mergedtoprow}}
|заголовок20  = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}| {{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}{{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} |[[Площа]] }} }}
|мітка20      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}} || [[Площа]] }} 
|текст20      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}||{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }} }}

|клас_рядка21 = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка21      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year1}}}{{{ref_area1|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст21      = {{#if: {{{stat_year1|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}}}

|клас_рядка22 = {{#if:{{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка22      = {{#if: {{{stat_year2|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year2}}}{{{ref_area2|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст22      = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area2|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка23 = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка23      = {{#if: {{{stat_year3|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year3}}}{{{ref_area3|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст23      = {{#if: {{{stat_area3|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area3|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка24 = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка24      = {{#if: {{{stat_year4|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year4}}}{{{ref_area4|}}}&lt;/div&gt; }} 
|текст24      = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area4|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }} 

|клас_рядка25 = mergedbottomrow
|мітка25      = &lt;div style=&quot;padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year5|}}}|&amp;nbsp;-&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year5}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст25      = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}}|{{formatnum:{{{stat_area5|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;км&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; }}

|клас_рядка26 = mergedtoprow
|заголовок26  = [[Населення]]

|клас_рядка27 = {{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}{{{stat_pop2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка27      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if:{{{stat_year1|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year1}}} }} {{#if:{{{ref_pop1|}}}|{{{ref_pop1}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст27      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop1|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop1|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка28 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка28      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота населення|Густота]]&lt;/div&gt;
|текст28      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop1|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area1|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop1|}}} div {{{stat_area1|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка29 = {{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}{{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}} 
|мітка29      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year2|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year2|}}}}}{{#if:{{{ref_pop2|}}}|{{{ref_pop2}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст29      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop2|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;л. }}

|клас_рядка30 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}} 
|мітка30      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст30      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop2|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area2|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop2|}}} div {{{stat_area2|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка31 = {{#if: {{{stat_area3|}}}{{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка31      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year3|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year3}}}}} {{#if:{{{ref_pop3|}}}|{{{ref_pop3}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст31      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop3|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop3|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка32 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка32      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст32      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop3|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area3|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop3}}} div {{{stat_area3}}} round 1}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка33 = {{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}{{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка33      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year4|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year4}}}}} {{#if:{{{ref_pop4|}}}|{{{ref_pop4}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст33      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop4|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка34 = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}} | mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка34      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст34      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop4|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area4|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop4|}}} div {{{stat_area4|}}} round 1}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|клас_рядка35 = {{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}} |mergedrow | mergedbottomrow}}
|мітка35      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;{{#if: {{{stat_year5|}}}|•&amp;nbsp;{{{stat_year5}}}}} {{#if:{{{ref_pop5|}}}|{{{ref_pop5}}} }}&lt;/div&gt;
|текст35      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}}| {{formatnum:{{{stat_pop5|}}}}}&amp;nbsp;осіб }}

|клас_рядка36 = mergedbottomrow
|мітка36      = &lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fake-li&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; [[Густота]]&lt;/div&gt; 
|текст36      = {{#if: {{{stat_pop5|}}}|{{#if: {{{stat_area5|}}}| {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{{stat_pop5|}}} div {{{stat_area5|}}} round 1}} }}&amp;nbsp;осіб/км²&amp;nbsp; }} }}

|мітка37      = [[Валюта]]
|текст37      = {{#ifexist:{{{currency|}}}|[[{{{currency|}}}]] [[Категорія:Сторінки, які використовують Картка:Колишня країна з автоматичною вікіфікацією: currency]]|{{{currency|}}}}}

|клас_рядка38 = mergedtoprow
|текст38      = {{#if:{{{pn1|}}} |[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|F]]}}{{#if:{{{sn1|}}} |[[Категорія:Незавершені статті з колишніх держав|F]]}}{{#if:{{{p1|}}}{{{s1|}}}
              |{{Картка країни/попередник наступник|flag_p1={{{flag_p1|}}}|image_p1={{{image_p1|}}}|p1={{{p1|}}}|border_p1={{{border_p1|}}}|flag_p2={{{flag_p2|}}}|image_p2={{{image_p2|}}}|p2={{{p2|}}}|border_p2={{{border_p2|}}}|flag_p3={{{flag_p3|}}}|image_p3={{{image_p3|}}}|p3={{{p3|}}}|border_p3={{{border_p3|}}}|flag_p4={{{flag_p4|}}}|image_p4={{{image_p4|}}}|p4={{{p4|}}}|border_p4={{{border_p4|}}}|flag_p5={{{flag_p5|}}}|image_p5={{{image_p5|}}}|p5={{{p5|}}}|border_p5={{{border_p5|}}}|flag_p6={{{flag_p6|}}}|image_p6={{{image_p6|}}}|p6={{{p6|}}}|border_p6={{{border_p6|}}}|flag_p7={{{flag_p7|}}}|image_p7={{{image_p7|}}}|p7={{{p7|}}}|border_p7={{{border_p7|}}}|flag_p8={{{flag_p8|}}}|image_p8={{{image_p8|}}}|p8={{{p8|}}}|border_p8={{{border_p8|}}}|flag_p9={{{flag_p9|}}}|image_p9={{{image_p9|}}}|p9={{{p9|}}}|border_p9={{{border_p9|}}}|flag_p10={{{flag_p10|}}}|image_p10={{{image_p10|}}}|p10={{{p10|}}}|border_p10={{{border_p10|}}}|flag_p11={{{flag_p11|}}}|image_p11={{{image_p11|}}}|p11={{{p11|}}}|border_p11={{{border_p11|}}}|flag_p12={{{flag_p12|}}}|image_p12={{{image_p12|}}}|p12={{{p12|}}}|border_p12={{{border_p12|}}}|flag_p13={{{flag_p13|}}}|image_p13={{{image_p13|}}}|p13={{{p13|}}}|border_p13={{{border_p13|}}}|flag_p14={{{flag_p14|}}}|image_p14={{{image_p14|}}}|p14={{{p14|}}}|border_p14={{{border_p14|}}}|flag_p15={{{flag_p15|}}}|image_p15={{{image_p15|}}}|p15={{{p15|}}}|border_p15={{{border_p15|}}}|flag_p16={{{flag_p16|}}}|image_p16={{{image_p16|}}}|p16={{{p16|}}}|border_p16={{{border_p16|}}}|flag_p17={{{flag_p17|}}}|image_p17={{{image_p17|}}}|p17={{{p17|}}}|border_p17={{{border_p17|}}}|flag_p18={{{flag_p18|}}}|image_p18={{{image_p18|}}}|p18={{{p18|}}}|border_p18={{{border_p18|}}}|flag_p19={{{flag_p19|}}}|image_p19={{{image_p19|}}}|p19={{{p19|}}}|border_p19={{{border_p19|}}}|flag_p20={{{flag_p20|}}}|image_p20={{{image_p20|}}}|p20={{{p20|}}}|border_p20={{{border_p20|}}}|flag_p21={{{flag_p21|}}}|image_p21={{{image_p21|}}}|p21={{{p21|}}}|border_p21={{{border_p21|}}}|flag_p22={{{flag_p22|}}}|image_p22={{{image_p22|}}}|p22={{{p22|}}}|border_p22={{{border_p22|}}}|flag_s1={{{flag_s1|}}}|image_s1={{{image_s1|}}}|s1={{{s1|}}}|border_s1={{{border_s1|}}}|flag_s2={{{flag_s2|}}}|image_s2={{{image_s2|}}}|s2={{{s2|}}}|border_s2={{{border_s2|}}}|flag_s3={{{flag_s3|}}}|image_s3={{{image_s3|}}}|s3={{{s3|}}}|border_s3={{{border_s3|}}}|flag_s4={{{flag_s4|}}}|image_s4={{{image_s4|}}}|s4={{{s4|}}}|border_s4={{{border_s4|}}}|flag_s5={{{flag_s5|}}}|image_s5={{{image_s5|}}}|s5={{{s5|}}}|border_s5={{{border_s5|}}}|flag_s6={{{flag_s6|}}}|image_s6={{{image_s6|}}}|s6={{{s6|}}}|border_s6={{{border_s6|}}}|flag_s7={{{flag_s7|}}}|image_s7={{{image_s7|}}}|s7={{{s7|}}}|border_s7={{{border_s7|}}}|flag_s8={{{flag_s8|}}}|image_s8={{{image_s8|}}}|s8={{{s8|}}}|border_s8={{{border_s8|}}}|flag_s9={{{flag_s9|}}}|image_s9={{{image_s9|}}}|s9={{{s9|}}}|border_s9={{{border_s9|}}}|flag_s10={{{flag_s10|}}}|image_s10={{{image_s10|}}}|s10={{{s10|}}}|border_s10={{{border_s10|}}}|flag_s11={{{flag_s11|}}}|image_s11={{{image_s11|}}}|s11={{{s11|}}}|border_s11={{{border_s11|}}}|flag_s12={{{flag_s12|}}}|image_s12={{{image_s12|}}}|s12={{{s12|}}}|border_s12={{{border_s12|}}}|flag_s13={{{flag_s13|}}}|image_s13={{{image_s13|}}}|s13={{{s13|}}}|border_s13={{{border_s13|}}}|flag_s14={{{flag_s14|}}}|image_s14={{{image_s14|}}}|s14={{{s14|}}}|border_s14={{{border_s14|}}}|flag_s15={{{flag_s15|}}}|image_s15={{{image_s15|}}}|s15={{{s15|}}}|border_s15={{{border_s15|}}}|flag_s16={{{flag_s16|}}}|image_s16={{{image_s16|}}}|s16={{{s16|}}}|border_s16={{{border_s16|}}}|flag_s17={{{flag_s17|}}}|image_s17={{{image_s17|}}}|s17={{{s17|}}}|border_s17={{{border_s17|}}}|flag_s18={{{flag_s18|}}}|image_s18={{{image_s18|}}}|s18={{{s18|}}}|border_s18={{{border_s18|}}}|flag_s19={{{flag_s19|}}}|image_s19={{{image_s19|}}}|s19={{{s19|}}}|border_s19={{{border_s19|}}}|flag_s20={{{flag_s20|}}}|image_s20={{{image_s20|}}}|s20={{{s20|}}}|border_s20={{{border_s20|}}}|flag_s21={{{flag_s21|}}}|image_s21={{{image_s21|}}}|s21={{{s21|}}}|border_s21={{{border_s21|}}}|flag_s22={{{flag_s22|}}}|image_s22={{{image_s22|}}}|s22={{{s22|}}}|border_s22={{{border_s22|}}}}}}}

|мітка39      = Сьогодні є частиною
|текст39      = {{{today|}}}

|текст40      = {{#if:{{{footnotes|}}}|&lt;div class=&quot;ib-country-fn&quot;&gt;{{{footnotes}}}{{#if:{{{footnotes2|}}}|&lt;br&gt;{{{footnotes2}}}}}&lt;/div&gt;}}

|внизу        = {{#if:{{#property:p373}}{{{commons|}}}|{{Wp/buk/Картка:Країна/сховище|сховище ={{#if:{{{commons|}}}|{{{commons}}}|{{#property:p373}}}}|сховище_назва ={{{commonstitle|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}} }}

}}&lt;!-- End Template proper
--&gt;&lt;!-- End padding table --&gt;{{
#if:{{#property:p571}}|{{#ifexist:Категорія:Держави і території, засновані {{#ifexpr:{{#invoke:String|find|{{#property:P571}}|%w+ %d+|||false}}&gt;0|
{{#invoke:String|match|{{#property:P571}}|%w+ (%d+.*)||1|false}}|{{#property:P571}}}}|[[Категорія:Держави і території, засновані {{#ifexpr:{{#invoke:String|find|{{#property:P571}}|%w+ %d+|||false}}&gt;0|
{{#invoke:String|match|{{#property:P571}}|%w+ (%d+.*)||1|false}}|{{#property:P571}}}}]]}}
}}{{
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{{#invoke:String|match|{{#property:P576}}|%w+ (%d+.*)||1|false}}|{{#property:P576}}}}|[[Категорія:Держави і території, зниклі {{#ifexpr:{{#invoke:String|find|{{#property:P576}}|%w+ %d+|||false}}&gt;0|
{{#invoke:String|match|{{#property:P576}}|%w+ (%d+.*)||1|false}}|{{#property:P576}}}}]]}}
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;!-----End of template--------&gt;{{Wp/buk/Картка:Колишня країна/Blank}}{{Wp/buk/Doc}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ccvhtv8ti1svgx6x0bcljpua1dxd930</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Wt/pih/Documentation/documentation</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804319</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305410</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:32:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ङघिञ</username>
        <id>2644823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;This template automatically displays a documentation section like you are seeing now.&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305410</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="85" sha1="i6z4bnkwae4d9ws8m352roxcd0dqa71" xml:space="preserve">This template automatically displays a documentation section like you are seeing now.</text>
      <sha1>i6z4bnkwae4d9ws8m352roxcd0dqa71</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Wp/buk/Doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804320</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305413</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:34:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;&lt;!--   Автоматично додавати {{пісочниця шаблону}} коли на сторінці /пісочниця. --&gt;{{#ifeq: {{SUBPAGENAME}} | пісочниця | &lt;div style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;{{пісочниця шаблону|{{{livepage|}}}}} }}&lt;!--   Автоматично додавати  до захищених шаблонів. --&gt;{{template other | {{#ifeq: {{PROTECTIONLEVEL:move}} | sysop   |    | {{#if: {{PROTECTIONLEVEL:edit}}...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305413</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3209" sha1="77e3mnw6kh0vfk6gxoua32nuy01rurk" xml:space="preserve">&lt;!--
  Автоматично додавати {{пісочниця шаблону}} коли на сторінці /пісочниця.
--&gt;{{#ifeq: {{SUBPAGENAME}} | пісочниця
| &lt;div style=&quot;clear: both;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;{{пісочниця шаблону|{{{livepage|}}}}}
}}&lt;!--
  Автоматично додавати  до захищених шаблонів.
--&gt;{{template other
| {{#ifeq: {{PROTECTIONLEVEL:move}} | sysop
  | 
  | {{#if: {{PROTECTIONLEVEL:edit}}
    | 
    | &lt;!--Незахищені, або лише напівзахищені--&gt;
    }}
  }}
}}&lt;!--
  Початок зеленої області документації.
--&gt;{{документація/start box
| preload = {{{preload|}}}   &lt;!--Дозволяти користувацькі сторінки для попереднього завантаження--&gt;
| heading = {{{heading|¬}}}   &lt;!--Порожній, але визначений, означає без заголовку--&gt;
| heading-style = {{{heading-style|}}}
| content = {{{content|{{{текст|}}}}}}
| docpage = {{#ifexist:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|{{документація/docname}}}}
}}&lt;!-- Початок вмісту --&gt;&lt;!--
  Початок завантаження вмісту сторінки /документація:
  Зауваження: Переводи рядка між цим коментарем і наступним рядком необхідні,
  аби  &quot;=== Заголовки ===&quot; на початку і в кінці документації були розпізнані.
--&gt;
{{#switch: {{#if:{{{content|{{{текст|}}}}}}|1|0}}{{#if:{{{1|}}}|1|0}}{{#ifexist:{{{1|}}}|1|0}}{{#ifexist:{{документація/docname}}|1|0}}
| 1000 | 1001 | 1010 | 1011 | 1100 | 1101 | 1110 
| 1111 = {{{content|{{{текст|}}}}}}
| 0110 | 0111 = {{ {{{1}}} }}
| 0001 | 0011 = {{ {{документація/docname}} }}
| 0000 | 0100 | 0010 | 0101 = 
}}
&lt;!--
  Кінець завантаження вмісту сторінки /документація:
  Зауваження: Переводи рядка між цим коментарем і наступним рядком необхідні,
  аби  &quot;=== Заголовки ===&quot; на початку і в кінці документації були розпізнані.
--&gt;{{документація/end box
| preload = {{{preload|}}}   &lt;!--Дозволяти користувацькі сторінки для попереднього завантаження--&gt;
| content = {{{content|{{{текст|}}}}}}
| link box = {{{link box|}}}   &lt;!--Щоб &quot;link box=off&quot; працювало--&gt;
| docpage = {{#ifexist:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|{{документація/docname}}}}
| sandbox = {{документація/docspace}}:{{документація/template page}}/пісочниця
| testcases = {{документація/docspace}}:{{документація/template page}}/тести
| template page = {{NAMESPACE}}:{{документація/template page}}
}}&lt;!--
  Кінець зеленої області документації.
--&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
&lt;!-- Додавайте категорії на підсторінку /документація, а не сюди! --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Template:Wp/buk/Esoteric</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804321</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305415</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:36:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{template other|{{ombox  | text = &lt;poem&gt;'''Цей шаблон використовує деякі надзвичайно складні й езотеричні властивості [[Довідка:Шаблони|мови визначення шаблонів]].''' Будь ласка, не намагайтеся змінювати його доти, поки ви: * не зрозумієте до кінця, як він побудований; * не будете г...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305415</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1304" sha1="mrqs08dcmtzi15ms3wn253xiny4to29" xml:space="preserve">{{template other|{{ombox
 | text = &lt;poem&gt;'''Цей шаблон використовує деякі надзвичайно складні й езотеричні властивості [[Довідка:Шаблони|мови визначення шаблонів]].'''
Будь ласка, не намагайтеся змінювати його доти, поки ви:
* не зрозумієте до кінця, як він побудований;
* не будете готові до усунення будь-яких наслідків у разі неочікуваного результату. 
Усі експерименти повинні проводитися у [[Спеціальна:Моя сторінка/Чернетка|вашому персональному просторі]] чи в [[Шаблон:Пісочниця для шаблонів|пісочниці шаблонів]].&lt;/poem&gt;
}}&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#switch:{{SUBPAGENAME}}
|doc|Документація|документація|пісочниця=
|#default=[[Категорія:Езотеричні шаблони|{{PAGENAME}}]]}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;|}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
&lt;!-- Додавайте категорії на підсторінку /документація, а не сюди! --&gt;
{{Документація}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Template:Wp/buk/Картка:Колишня країна/Blank</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804322</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305417</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:38:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Wp/buk/Картка:Колишня країна |_noautocat=yes |native_name = {{{native_name}}} |conventional_long_name = {{{conventional_long_name}}} |common_name = {{{common_name}}}  | |continent = Africa |region    = &lt;!--- Reserved for generating categories on subregions of continents ---&gt; |country   = &lt;!--- The country, to which this historic entity belongs today ---&gt; |era       =  |status    =  |status_text= &lt;!--- A free text to describe status and empire at the...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305417</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6241" sha1="t555d3kp24k1yt7t7hrkrj0rl9lzyxn" xml:space="preserve">{{Wp/buk/Картка:Колишня країна
|_noautocat=yes
|native_name = {{{native_name}}}
|conventional_long_name = {{{conventional_long_name}}}
|common_name = {{{common_name}}} 
|
|continent = Africa
|region    = &lt;!--- Reserved for generating categories on subregions of continents ---&gt;
|country   = &lt;!--- The country, to which this historic entity belongs today ---&gt;
|era       = 
|status    = 
|status_text= &lt;!--- A free text to describe status and empire at the top of the infobox like: &quot;State of the Holy Roman Empire&quot; ---&gt;
|empire    = &lt;!--- The empire or country to which the entity was in a state of dependency ---&gt;
|government_type    = &lt;!--- Specify &quot;Monarchy&quot;, &quot;Republic&quot;, etc to generate categories ---&gt;
|
|&lt;!--- Rise and fall, events, years and dates ---&gt;
|&lt;!-- only fill in the start/end event entry if a specific article exists. Don't just say &quot;abolition&quot; or &quot;declaration&quot;--&gt;
|
|year_start  = {{{year_start}}}
|year_end    = {{{year_end}}}
|
|event_start = {{{event_start}}}
|date_start  = {{{date_start}}}
|event_end   = {{{event_end}}}
|date_end    = {{{date_end}}}
|
|event1      = {{{event1}}}
|date_event1 = {{{date_event1}}}
|event2      = {{{event2}}}
|date_event2 = {{{date_event2}}}
|event3      = {{{event3}}}
|date_event3 = {{{date_event3}}}
|event4      = {{{event4}}}
|date_event4 = {{{date_event4}}}
|
|event_pre   = {{{event_pre}}}
|date_pre    = {{{date_pre}}}
|event_post  = {{{event_post}}}
|date_post   = {{{date_post}}}
|
|&lt;!--- Flag navigation: Preceding and succeeding entities p1 to p5 and s1 to s5 ---&gt;
|p1          = &lt;!--- Name of the article for preceding entity, numbered 1-5 ---&gt;
|flag_p1     = &lt;!--- Default: &quot;Flag of {{{p1}}}.svg&quot; (size 30) ---&gt;
|image_p1    = &lt;!--- Use: [[Image:Sin escudo.svg|20px|Image missing]] ---&gt;
|p2          = 
|flag_p2     = 
|p3          = 
|flag_p3     = 
|p4          = 
|flag_p4     = 
|p5          = 
|flag_p5     = 
|s1          = &lt;!--- Name of the article for succeeding entity, numbered 1-5 ---&gt;
|flag_s1     = &lt;!--- Default: &quot;Flag of {{{s1}}}.svg&quot; (size 30) ---&gt;
|image_s1    = &lt;!--- Use: [[Image:Sin escudo.svg|20px|Image missing]] ---&gt;
|s2          = 
|flag_s2     = 
|s3          = 
|flag_s3     = 
|s4          = 
|flag_s4     = 
|s5          = 
|flag_s5     = 
|
|image_flag   = Sin bandera.svg
|flag         = &lt;!--- Link target under flag image. Default: Flag of {{{common_name}}} ---&gt;
|flag_type    = &lt;!--- Displayed text for link under flag. Default &quot;Flag&quot; ---&gt;
|
|image_coat   = Sin escudo.svg
|symbol       = &lt;!--- Link target under symbol image. Default: Coat of arms of {{{common_name}}} ---&gt;
|symbol_type  = &lt;!--- Displayed text for link under symbol. Default &quot;Coat of arms&quot; ---&gt;
|
|image_map    = Missing map.png
|image_map_caption  = {{{image_map_caption}}}
|
|capital          = {{{capital}}}
|capital_exile    = {{{capital_exile}}}
|latd= |latm= |latNS= |longd= |longm= |longEW= 
|
|national_motto   = {{{national_motto}}}
|national_anthem  = {{{national_anthem}}}
|common_languages = {{{common_languages}}}
|religion         = {{{religion}}}
|currency         = {{{currency}}}
|
|&lt;!--- Titles and names of the first and last leaders an their deputies ---&gt;
|leader1      = {{{leader1}}}
|leader2      = {{{leader2}}}
|leader3      = {{{leader3}}}
|leader4      = {{{leader4}}}
|year_leader1 = {{{year_leader1}}}
|year_leader2 = {{{year_leader2}}}
|year_leader3 = {{{year_leader3}}}
|year_leader4 = {{{year_leader4}}}
|title_leader = {{{title_leader}}}
|representative1      = {{{representative1}}}
|representative2      = {{{representative2}}}
|representative3      = {{{representative3}}}
|representative4      = {{{representative4}}}
|year_representative1 = {{{year_representative1}}}
|year_representative2 = {{{year_representative2}}}
|year_representative3 = {{{year_representative3}}}
|year_representative4 = {{{year_representative4}}}
|title_representative = {{{title_representative}}}
|deputy1      = {{{deputy1}}}
|deputy2      = {{{deputy2}}}
|deputy3      = {{{deputy3}}}
|deputy4      = {{{deputy4}}}
|year_deputy1 = {{{year_deputy1}}}
|year_deputy2 = {{{year_deputy2}}}
|year_deputy3 = {{{year_deputy3}}}
|year_deputy4 = {{{year_deputy4}}}
|title_deputy = {{{title_deputy}}}
|
|&lt;!--- Legislature ---&gt;
|legislature  = {{{legislature}}}
|house1       = {{{house1}}}
|type_house1  = {{{type_house1}}}
|house2       = {{{house2}}}
|type_house2  = {{{type_house2}}}
|
|&lt;!--- Area and population of a given year ---&gt;
|stat_year1 = 
|stat_area1 = 
|stat_pop1  = 
|stat_year2 = 
|stat_area2 = 
|stat_pop2  = 
|stat_year3 = 
|stat_area3 = 
|stat_pop3  = 
|stat_year4 = 
|stat_area4 = 
|stat_pop4  = 
|stat_year5 = 
|stat_area5 = 
|stat_pop5  = 
|footnotes  = {{{footnotes}}}
}}
&lt;noinclude&gt;{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; width=&quot;65%&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;border:3px solid red;&quot;
| style=&quot;background:red; padding:1em&quot; | [[Image:Finland road sign 142 (1995–2020).svg|60px]]
| This infobox is under '''constant development'''. For many entries, the infobox has been implemented by one of the main developers. Other users are welcome to implement the infobox themselves, but developers might make modifications later on - largely for functionality reasons. 

The main developers are: 
*[[User:52 Pickup|52 Pickup]] ([[User_talk:52 Pickup|talk]])
*[[User:Domino theory|Domino theory]] ([[User_talk:Domino theory|talk]])
*[[User:MJCdetroit|MJCdetroit]] ([[User_talk:MJCdetroit|talk]])

If you are unsure about the usage of this template, or if you want to know why a certain modification was made, please contact a developer. Your comments and questions assist the developers in creating, improving and documenting infobox features.
|}
Here is the former country infobox with '''some''' fields displayed. Some fields cannot be clearly displayed in this default setting. (eg. area, population, preceding/succeeding states)

Almost all fields are optional, some fields are more optional than others. Some fields are hidden but necessary for infobox functionality. 

'''For more information, see the [[Template talk:Infobox Former Country#Empty syntax|empty syntax]] and [[Template:Infobox Former Country/Instructions|instructions]]'''.


&lt;/noinclude&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;[[Категорія:Підшаблони шаблонів]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>t555d3kp24k1yt7t7hrkrj0rl9lzyxn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Wp/buk/Картка</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>3804323</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305420</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:42:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{#invoke:Wp/buk/Картка|infobox}}&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Wp/buk/Doc}} 	 &lt;!-- Додавайте категорії та інтервікі на сторінку нижчого рівня /документація, а не тут! --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305420</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="242" sha1="anhu1dey6v5med7ik4p2qmladt7lwhz" xml:space="preserve">{{#invoke:Wp/buk/Картка|infobox}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Wp/buk/Doc}} 	
&lt;!-- Додавайте категорії та інтервікі на сторінку нижчого рівня /документація, а не тут! --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>anhu1dey6v5med7ik4p2qmladt7lwhz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Wp/buk/Картка</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3804324</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305434</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:45:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;-- -- Модуль для реалізації шаблону {{Картка}} --  local p = {} local args = {} local argsAliases = {} local origArgs = {} local root local yesno = require(&quot;Модуль:Yesno&quot;) local empty_row_categories = {} local category_in_empty_row_pattern = '%[%[%s*[Cc][Aa][Tt][Ee][Gg][Oo][Rr][Yy]%s*:[^]]*%]%]' local category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk = '%[%[%s*[Кк][Аа][Тт][Ее][Гг][Оо][Рр][Іі][Яя]%s*:[^]]*%]%]' local has_rows = false...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305434</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="37884" sha1="9rf5006fn1ugf9i5zymunkgumiu3nmy" xml:space="preserve">--
-- Модуль для реалізації шаблону {{Картка}}
--

local p = {}
local args = {}
local argsAliases = {}
local origArgs = {}
local root
local yesno = require(&quot;Модуль:Yesno&quot;)
local empty_row_categories = {}
local category_in_empty_row_pattern = '%[%[%s*[Cc][Aa][Tt][Ee][Gg][Oo][Rr][Yy]%s*:[^]]*%]%]'
local category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk = '%[%[%s*[Кк][Аа][Тт][Ее][Гг][Оо][Рр][Іі][Яя]%s*:[^]]*%]%]'
local has_rows = false
local has_error = false
local error_message = '&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:100%&quot;&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;{{[[Шаблон:Картка|Картка]]}}&lt;/kbd&gt;: '
local lists = {
	plainlist_t = {
		patterns = {
			'^plainlist$',
			'%splainlist$',
			'^plainlist%s',
			'%splainlist%s'
		},
		found = false,
		styles = 'Plainlist/styles.css'
	},
	hlist_t = {
		patterns = {
			'^hlist$',
			'%shlist$',
			'^hlist%s',
			'%shlist%s'
		},
		found = false,
		styles = 'Hlist/styles.css'
	}
}

local function has_list_class(args_to_check)
	for _, list in pairs(lists) do
		if not list.found then
			for _, arg in pairs(args_to_check) do
				for _, pattern in ipairs(list.patterns) do
					if mw.ustring.find(arg or '', pattern) then
						list.found = true
						break
					end
				end
				if list.found then break end
			end
		end
	end
end

local function isUntitledChildBox(sval)
	return sval and ( sval:match( '^%s*&lt;%s*[Tt][Rr]' ) or sval:match( '^%s*\127[^\127]*UNIQ%-%-templatestyles%-%x+%-QINU[^\127]*\127%s*&lt;%s*[Tt][Rr]' ) )
end

local function fixChildBoxes(sval, tt)
	local function notempty( s ) return s and s:match( '%S' ) end
	
	if notempty(sval) then
		local marker = '&lt;span class=special_infobox_marker&gt;'
		local s = sval
		-- start moving templatestyles and categories inside of table rows
		local slast = ''
		while slast ~= s do
			slast = s
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;%s*)(%[%[%s*[Cc][Aa][Tt][Ee][Gg][Oo][Rr][Yy]%s*:[^]]*%]%])', '%2%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;%s*)(%[%[%s*[Кк][Аа][Тт][Ее][Гг][Оо][Рр][Іі][Яя]%s*:[^]]*%]%])', '%2%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;%s*)(\127[^\127]*UNIQ%-%-templatestyles%-%x+%-QINU[^\127]*\127)', '%2%1')
		end
		-- end moving templatestyles and categories inside of table rows
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;%s*[Tt][Rr])', marker .. '%1')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;)', '%1' .. marker)
		if s:match(marker) then
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '%s*' .. marker, '')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '([\r\n]|-[^\r\n]*[\r\n])%s*' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '%s*([\r\n]|-)', '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Cc][Aa][Pp][Tt][Ii][Oo][Nn]%s*&gt;%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;%s*[Tt][Aa][Bb][Ll][Ee][^&lt;&gt;]*&gt;%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^(%{|[^\r\n]*[\r\n]%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '([\r\n]%{|[^\r\n]*[\r\n]%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '(%s*&lt;/[Tt][Aa][Bb][Ll][Ee]%s*&gt;)', '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '(%s*\n|%})', '%1')
		end
		if s:match(marker) then
			local subcells = mw.text.split(s, marker)
			s = ''
			for k = 1, #subcells do
				if k == 1 then
					s = s .. subcells[k] .. '&lt;/' .. tt .. '&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;'
				elseif k == #subcells then
					local rowstyle = ' style=&quot;display:none&quot;'
					if notempty(subcells[k]) then rowstyle = ''	end
					s = s .. '&lt;tr' .. rowstyle ..'&gt;&lt;' .. tt .. ' colspan=2&gt;\n' ..
						subcells[k]
				elseif notempty(subcells[k]) then
					if (k % 2) == 0 then
						s = s .. subcells[k]
					else
						s = s .. '&lt;tr&gt;&lt;' .. tt .. ' colspan=2&gt;\n' ..
							subcells[k] .. '&lt;/' .. tt .. '&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;'
					end
				end
			end
		end
		-- the next two lines add a newline at the end of lists for the PHP parser
		-- [[Special:Diff/849054481]]
		-- remove when [[:phab:T191516]] is fixed or OBE
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '([\r\n][%*#;:][^\r\n]*)$', '%1\n')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^([%*#;:][^\r\n]*)$', '%1\n')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^([%*#;:])', '\n%1')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^(%{%|)', '\n%1')
		return s
	else
		return sval
	end
end

-- Cleans empty tables
local function cleanInfobox()
	root = tostring(root)
	if has_rows == false then
		root = mw.ustring.gsub(root, '&lt;table[^&lt;&gt;]*&gt;%s*&lt;/table&gt;', '')
	end
end

-- Returns the union of the values of two tables, as a sequence.
local function union(t1, t2, t3)

	local vals = {}
	for k, v in pairs(t1) do
		vals[v] = true
	end
	for k, v in pairs(t2) do
		vals[v] = true
	end
	if t3 then
		for k, v in pairs(t3) do
			vals[v] = true
		end
	end
	local ret = {}
	for k, v in pairs(vals) do
		table.insert(ret, k)
	end
	return ret
end

local function processParamsFromArg (paramList, paramType, is_global)
	local paramName = ('wikidata' == paramType) and 'параметри_вікіданих' or 'параметри_зображення_картки'
	
	local paramsArgs = {}
	if paramList and paramList ~= '' then
--		local allowedParams = getAllowedList(paramType)
		
		for item in paramList:gmatch(&quot;(%S+%s*%S+);%s*&quot;) do
			local param, arg = mw.ustring.match(item, &quot;^(%S+):%s*(%S+)&quot;)
--			for k, v in ipairs(allowedParams) do								--чи тут потрібна взагалі перевірка на підтримувані параметри?
--				if v == param then
					paramsArgs[param] = arg
--				end
--			end	
		end
		
		if is_global then
			args[paramName] = paramsArgs
			return ''
		end
	end

	if args[paramName] and args[paramName] ~= '' then
		for param, arg in pairs(args[paramName]) do
			if not paramsArgs[param] or paramsArgs[param] == '' then
				paramsArgs[param] = arg
			end	
		end	
	end	
	
	return is_global and '' or paramsArgs
end

local function processWikidata(text, element, wdParams)
	
	if element then
		
		if args['назва_модуля_вікіданих'] and args['назва_модуля_вікіданих']:lower() == 'wikidataib' then
			local wikidata = require(&quot;Модуль:WikidataIB&quot;)
			
			local wdArgs = processParamsFromArg(wdParams, 'wikidata')
				
			wdArgs[1] = element:upper()
			wdArgs[2] = text
			
			local temptext
			
			if wdArgs['function'] and wdArgs['function'] ~= 'getValue' then
				local wdFrame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
				if wdArgs['function'] == 'getCoords' then
					wdArgs[1] = text
					wdArgs[2] = ''
				end	
				wdFrame.args = wdArgs
				temptext = wikidata[wdArgs['function']](wdFrame)
			else
				temptext = wikidata._getValue(wdArgs)
			end	
			
			if temptext and wdArgs.ref == &quot;yes&quot; then
				local wd = require(&quot;Модуль:wd&quot;)
				
				temptext = temptext .. wd._references({'normal+', wdArgs.qid or '', element})
			end	
			
			text = temptext
			
		elseif args['назва_модуля_вікіданих'] and args['назва_модуля_вікіданих']:lower() == 'wikidata1' then
			local wdFrame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
			local wikidata = require(&quot;Модуль:Wikidata1&quot;)
			wdFrame.args = {}
			local wdfunction
			
			if origArgs['qid'] and origArgs['qid'] ~= '' then
				wdFrame.args[1] = origArgs['qid']
				wdFrame.args[2] = element:upper()
				wdFrame.args[3] = text
				wdfunction = 'getValueFromID'
			else	
				wdFrame.args[1] = element:upper()
				wdFrame.args[2] = text
				wdfunction = 'getValue'
			end	
			
			text = wikidata[wdfunction](wdFrame)
		else
			local wdFrame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
			local wikidata = require(&quot;Модуль:Wikidata&quot;)
		
			wdFrame.args = {
				property = element,
				value = text,
				from = origArgs[ 'from' ] or ''
			}
		
			text = wikidata.formatProperty(wdFrame)
		end	
	end
	
	return text
end

-- Returns a table containing the numbers of the arguments that exist
-- for the specified prefix. For example, if the prefix was 'data', and
-- 'data1', 'data2', and 'data5' exist, it would return {1, 2, 5}.
local function getArgNums(prefix)
	local nums = {}
	for k, v in pairs(args) do
		local num = tostring(k):match('^' .. prefix .. '([1-9]%d*)$')
		if num then table.insert(nums, tonumber(num)) end
	end
	table.sort(nums)
	return nums
end

-- Adds a row to the infobox, with either a header cell
-- or a label/data cell combination.
local function addRow(rowArgs)
	
	if rowArgs.header and rowArgs.header ~= '_BLANK_' then
		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ rowArgs.rowclass, rowArgs.class, args['клас_заголовків'] })
		
		root
			:tag('tr')
				:addClass(rowArgs.rowclass)
				:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(rowArgs.header) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)
				:cssText(rowArgs.rowstyle)
				:tag('th')
					:attr('colspan', '2')
					:addClass('infobox-header')
					:addClass(rowArgs.class)
					:addClass(args['клас_заголовків'])
					-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-header
					:cssText(args['стиль_заголовків'])
					:cssText(rowArgs.rowcellstyle)
					:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(rowArgs.header, 'th'))
		if rowArgs.data and not yesno(args.nocat) then
			root:wikitext(
				'[[Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони картка з проігнорованими комірками параметра текст]]'
			)
		end
	elseif rowArgs.data and mw.ustring.gsub(rowArgs.data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('^%S') then
		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ rowArgs.rowclass, rowArgs.class })
		
		local row = root:tag('tr')
		row:addClass(rowArgs.rowclass)
		row:cssText(rowArgs.rowstyle)
		if rowArgs.label then
			row
				:tag('th')
					:attr('scope', 'row')
					:addClass('infobox-label')
					-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-label
					:cssText(args['стиль_міток'])
					:cssText(rowArgs.rowcellstyle)
					:wikitext(rowArgs.label)
					:done()
		else
			row:addClass( isUntitledChildBox( rowArgs.data ) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil )
		end
		
		if rowArgs.data == '----' then											--Так як при переході на модуль перестали працювати чотири дефіси
			rowArgs.data = '&lt;hr/&gt;'												--тому робимо їхню заміну на '&lt;hr/&gt;'
		end	

		local dataCell = row:tag('td')
		dataCell
			:attr('colspan', not rowArgs.label and '2' or nil)
			:addClass(not rowArgs.label and 'infobox-full-data' or 'infobox-data')
			:addClass(rowArgs.class)
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox(-full)-data
			:cssText(rowArgs.datastyle)
			:cssText(rowArgs.rowcellstyle)
			:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(rowArgs.data, 'td'))
	else
		table.insert(empty_row_categories, rowArgs.data or '')
	end
end

local function renderError()
	if not has_error then return end
	
	local errorText = error_message .. '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'
	
	root
		:tag('caption')
			:addClass('infobox-title')
			:wikitext(errorText)
end	

local function renderTitle()
	if not args['назва'] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({args['клас_назви']})
	
	root
		:tag('caption')
			:addClass('infobox-title')
			:addClass(args['клас_назви'])
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-title
			:cssText(args['стиль_назви'])
			:wikitext(args['назва'])
	
end

local function renderAboveRow(iteration_number)
	iteration_number = iteration_number or ''
	if not args['угорі' .. iteration_number] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({ args['клас_угорі' .. iteration_number] })
	
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(args['угорі' .. iteration_number]) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)
			:tag('th')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-above')
				:addClass(args['клас_угорі' .. iteration_number])
				-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-above
				:cssText(args['стиль_угорі' .. iteration_number])
				:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(args['угорі' .. iteration_number],'th'))
end

local function renderBelowRow(iteration_number)
	iteration_number = iteration_number or ''
	if not args['внизу' .. iteration_number] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({ args['клас_внизу' .. iteration_number] })
	
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(args['внизу' .. iteration_number]) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)
			:tag('td')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-below')
				:addClass(args['клас_внизу' .. iteration_number])
				-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-below
				:cssText(args['стиль_внизу' .. iteration_number])
				:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(args['внизу' .. iteration_number],'td'))
end

local function renderBelowRow2()
	if not args['внизу2'] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({ args['клас_внизу2'] })
	
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:tag('td')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-below')
				:addClass(args['клас_внизу2'])
				-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-below
				:cssText(args['стиль_внизу2'])
				:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(args['внизу2'],'td'))
end

local function addSubheaderRow(subheaderArgs)
	if subheaderArgs.data and
		mw.ustring.gsub(subheaderArgs.data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('^%S') then
		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ subheaderArgs.rowclass, subheaderArgs.class })
		
		local row = root:tag('tr')
		row:addClass(subheaderArgs.rowclass)
		row:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(subheaderArgs.data) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)

		local dataCell = row:tag('td')
		dataCell
			:attr('colspan', '2')
			:addClass('infobox-subheader')
			:addClass(subheaderArgs.class)
			:cssText(subheaderArgs.datastyle)
			:cssText(subheaderArgs.rowcellstyle)
			:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(subheaderArgs.data, 'td'))
	else
		table.insert(empty_row_categories, subheaderArgs.data or '')
	end
end

local function renderSubheaders()
	if args['підзаголовок'] then
		args['підзаголовок1'] = args['підзаголовок']
	end
	if args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок'] then
		args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок1'] = args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок'] 
	end
	local subheadernums = getArgNums('підзаголовок')
	for k, num in ipairs(subheadernums) do
		addSubheaderRow({
			data = args['підзаголовок' .. tostring(num)],
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-subheader
			datastyle = args['стиль_підзаголовок'] or args['стиль_підзаголовоків'],
			rowcellstyle = args['стиль_підзаголовок' .. tostring(num)],
			class = args['клас_підзаголовоків'],
			rowclass = args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок' .. tostring(num)]
		})
	end
end

local function addImageRow(imageArgs)

	if imageArgs.data and
		mw.ustring.gsub(imageArgs.data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('^%S') then

		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ imageArgs.rowclass, imageArgs.class })
		
		local row = root:tag('tr')
		row:addClass(imageArgs.rowclass)
		row:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(imageArgs.data) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)

		local dataCell = row:tag('td')
		dataCell
			:attr('colspan', '2')
			:addClass('infobox-image')
			:addClass(imageArgs.class)
			:cssText(imageArgs.datastyle)
			:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(imageArgs.data, 'td'))
	else
		table.insert(empty_row_categories, imageArgs.data or '')
	end
end

local function renderImages()
	if args['зображення'] then
		args['зображення1'] = args['зображення']
	end
	if args['підпис'] then
		args['підпис1'] = args['підпис']
	end
	local imagenums = getArgNums('зображення')
	for k, num in ipairs(imagenums) do
		local caption = args['підпис' .. tostring(num)]
		local data = mw.html.create():wikitext(args['зображення' .. tostring(num)])
		if caption then
			data
				:tag('div')
					:addClass('infobox-caption')
					-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-caption
					:cssText(args['стиль_підпису'])
					:wikitext(caption)
		end
		addImageRow({
			data = tostring(data),
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-image
			datastyle = args['стиль_зображення'],
			class = args['клас_зображення'],
			rowclass = args['клас_рядка_зображення' .. tostring(num)]
		})
	end
end

-- When autoheaders are turned on, preprocesses the rows
local function preprocessRows()
	if not args['автозаголовки'] then return end
	
	local rownums = union(getArgNums('заголовок'), getArgNums('текст'), getArgNums('вікідані'))
	table.sort(rownums)
	local lastheader
	for k, num in ipairs(rownums) do
		if args['заголовок' .. tostring(num)] then
			if lastheader then
				args['заголовок' .. tostring(lastheader)] = nil
			end
			lastheader = num
		elseif (args['текст' .. tostring(num)] and
			mw.ustring.gsub(args['текст' .. tostring(num)]:gsub(
				category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''
			),
				category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''
			):match('^%S')) or (args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)]
		and mw.ustring.gsub(args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)]:gsub(
				category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''
			),
				category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''
			):match('^%S'))
		then
			local data = processWikidata(args['текст' .. tostring(num)], args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)], args['параметри_рядка_вікіданих' .. tostring(num)])
			if data and mw.ustring.gsub(data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('%S') then
				lastheader = nil
			end
		end
	end
	if lastheader then
		args['заголовок' .. tostring(lastheader)] = nil
	end
end

-- Gets the union of the header and data argument numbers,
-- and renders them all in order
local function renderRows()

	local rownums = union(getArgNums('заголовок'), getArgNums('текст'), getArgNums('вікідані'))
	table.sort(rownums)
	for k, num in ipairs(rownums) do
		addRow({
			header = args['заголовок' .. tostring(num)],
			label = args['мітка' .. tostring(num)],
			data = processWikidata(args['текст' .. tostring(num)], args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)], args['параметри_рядка_вікіданих' .. tostring(num)]),
			datastyle = args['стиль_тексту'],
			class = args['клас' .. tostring(num)],
			rowclass = args['клас_рядка' .. tostring(num)],
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; rowclass
			rowstyle = args['стиль_рядка' .. tostring(num)],
			rowcellstyle = args['стиль_комірки_рядка' .. tostring(num)]
		})
	end
end

local function renderNavBar()
	if not args['ім\'я'] then return end

	has_rows = true
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:tag('td')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-navbar')
				:wikitext(require('Модуль:Navbar')._navbar{
					args['ім\'я'],
					mini = 1,
				})
end

local function renderItalicTitle()
	local italicTitle = args['italic title'] and mw.ustring.lower(args['italic title'])
	if italicTitle == '' or italicTitle == 'force' or italicTitle == 'примусово' or italicTitle == 'yes' or italicTitle == 'так' then
		root:wikitext(require('Модуль:Заголовок курсивом')._main({}))
	end
end

-- Categories in otherwise empty rows are collected in empty_row_categories.
-- This function adds them to the module output. It is not affected by
-- args.decat because this module should not prevent module-external categories
-- from rendering.
local function renderEmptyRowCategories()
	for _, s in ipairs(empty_row_categories) do
		root:wikitext(s)
	end
end

-- Render tracking categories. args.nocat == turns off tracking categories.
local function renderTrackingCategories()
	if yesno(args.nocat) then return end
	if yesno(args['вбудовування']) then
		if args['назва'] then
			root:wikitext(
				'[[Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони вбудованої картки з параметром назва]]'
			)
		end
	elseif #(getArgNums('текст')) == 0 and #(getArgNums('вікідані')) == 0 and mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace == 0 then
		root:wikitext('[[Категорія:Статті, що використовують шаблони картка без рядків параметра текст]]')
	end
	if args['ім\'я'] then
		root:wikitext('[[Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони картка з параметром ім\'я' .. (mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace == 10 and '|{' or '') .. ']]')
	end	
	if has_error then
		root:wikitext('[[Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони картка з двома однаковими параметрами]]')
	end
end

--[=[
Loads the templatestyles for the infobox.

TODO: FINISH loading base templatestyles here rather than in
MediaWiki:Common.css. There are 4-5000 pages with 'raw' infobox tables.
See [[Mediawiki_talk:Common.css/to_do#Infobox]] and/or come help :).
When we do this we should clean up the inline CSS below too.
Will have to do some bizarre conversion category like with sidebar.

]=]
local function loadTemplateStyles()
	local frame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
	
	local hlist_templatestyles = ''
	if lists.hlist_t.found then
		hlist_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = lists.hlist_t.styles }
		}
	end
	
	local plainlist_templatestyles = ''
	if lists.plainlist_t.found then
		plainlist_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = lists.plainlist_t.styles }
		}
	end
	
	-- See function description
	local base_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
		name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = 'Модуль:Картка/styles.css' }
	}

	local templatestyles = ''
	if args['стилі_шаблону'] then
		templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = args['стилі_шаблону'] }
		}
	end
	
	local child_templatestyles = ''
	if args['стилі_шаблону вбудовування'] then
		child_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = args['стилі_шаблону вбудовування'] }
		}
	end
	
	local grandchild_templatestyles = ''
	if args['стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування'] then
		grandchild_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = args['стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування'] }
		}
	end
	
	return table.concat({
		-- hlist -&gt; plainlist -&gt; base is best-effort to preserve old Common.css ordering.
		-- this ordering is not a guarantee because the rows of interest invoking
		-- each class may not be on a specific page
		hlist_templatestyles,
		plainlist_templatestyles,
		base_templatestyles,
		templatestyles,
		child_templatestyles,
		grandchild_templatestyles
	})
end

-- common functions between the child and non child cases
local function structure_infobox_common()
	renderSubheaders()
	renderImages()
	preprocessRows()
	renderRows()
	renderBelowRow()
	renderBelowRow('2')
	--	renderNavBar() (тимчасово поки закоментував)
	renderItalicTitle()
	renderEmptyRowCategories()
	renderTrackingCategories()
	cleanInfobox()
end

-- Specify the overall layout of the infobox, with special settings if the
-- infobox is used as a 'child' inside another infobox.
local function _infobox()
	if not yesno(args['вбудовування']) then
		root = mw.html.create('table')
		
		local infoboxWidth = ''
		if args['ширина-картки'] then
			infoboxWidth = &quot;width:&quot; .. args['ширина-картки']
		end
		
		root
			:addClass(yesno(args['підкартка']) and 'infobox-subbox' or 'infobox')
			:addClass(args['клас_тіла'])
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt;
			:cssText(args['стиль_тіла'])
			-- infobox width from a parameter
			:cssText(infoboxWidth)
				has_list_class({ args['клас_тіла'] })

		renderError()
		renderTitle()
		renderAboveRow()
		renderAboveRow('2')
	else
		root = mw.html.create()

		local errorText = has_error and (error_message .. '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br/&gt;') or ''

		root
			:wikitext(errorText)
			:wikitext(args['назва'])
	end
	structure_infobox_common()
	
	return loadTemplateStyles() .. root
end

-- If the argument exists and isn't blank, add it to the argument table.
-- Blank arguments are treated as nil to match the behaviour of ParserFunctions.
local function preprocessSingleArg(argName)
	if origArgs[argName] and origArgs[argName] ~= '' then
		args[argName] = origArgs[argName]
	end
end

local function translateArg(aliasArgName,localArgName)
	-- Функція додає підтримку аліасів параметрів (наприклад, іншою мовою)
	
	-- Додаєм аліас параметра в таблицю аліасів
	-- Для одного параметра може бути кілька аліасів
	-- Нумеровані параметри(текст1 і т.д.) заносяться без номера
	if not 	argsAliases[localArgName] then
		argsAliases[localArgName] = {}
	end
	table.insert(argsAliases[localArgName], aliasArgName)
	
	-- Значення аліасів додаются в таблицю аргументів
    if origArgs[localArgName] and origArgs[localArgName] ~= '' then
    	-- параметр вже заданий на локальній мові
    	-- якщо аліас заданий і не пустий
    	if origArgs[aliasArgName] and origArgs[aliasArgName] ~= '' then
    	--	local message_addon = 'Вказано два однакових параметри &lt;code class=&quot;infobox-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; та &lt;code class=&quot;infobox-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$2=&lt;/code&gt;, тому виведено значення параметра &lt;code class=&quot;infobox-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; ([[Шаблон:Картка#Помилки|довідка]])'
    	--	error_message = error_message .. (has_error and '; ' or '') .. mw.message.newRawMessage(message_addon, localArgName, aliasArgName):plain()
    	--	has_error = true
    	end	
    else
    	-- якщо аліас заданий і не пустий
	    if origArgs[aliasArgName] and origArgs[aliasArgName] ~= '' then
	        origArgs[localArgName] = origArgs[aliasArgName]
	    end
    end
end

-- Assign the parameters with the given prefixes to the args table, in order, in
-- batches of the step size specified. This is to prevent references etc. from
-- appearing in the wrong order. The prefixTable should be an array containing
-- tables, each of which has two possible fields, a &quot;prefix&quot; string and a
-- &quot;depend&quot; table. The function always parses parameters containing the &quot;prefix&quot;
-- string, but only parses parameters in the &quot;depend&quot; table if the prefix
-- parameter is present and non-blank.
local function preprocessArgs(prefixTable, step)
	if type(prefixTable) ~= 'table' then
		error(&quot;Виявлено нетабличне значення для таблиці префіксів&quot;, 2)
	end
	if type(step) ~= 'number' then
		error(&quot;Виявлено недійсне значення параметра кроку&quot;, 2)
	end

	-- Get arguments without a number suffix, and check for bad input.
	for i,v in ipairs(prefixTable) do
		if type(v) ~= 'table' or type(v.prefix) ~= &quot;string&quot; or 
			(v.prefix_trans and type(v.prefix_trans) ~= &quot;string&quot;) or
			(v.depend and type(v.depend) ~= 'table') or
			(v.depend_trans and type(v.depend_trans) ~= 'table') then
			error('Виявлено недійсне значення в таблиці префіксів preprocessArgs', 2)
		end
		
		-- якщо потрібен переклад параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція
		--якщо ні, то відбувається обрабка змінної
		if v.prefix_trans then
			translateArg(v.prefix_trans,v.prefix)
		else
			preprocessSingleArg(v.prefix)
		end	
		-- Only parse the depend parameter if the prefix parameter is present
		-- and not blank.
		if args[v.prefix] and v.depend then
			for j, dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
				if type(dependValue) ~= 'string' then
					error('Виявлено недійсне значення «обов\'язкового» параметра в preprocessArgs')
				end
					preprocessSingleArg(dependValue)
			end
		--якщо потрібен переклад обов'язкових параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція
		elseif origArgs[v.prefix] and v.depend_trans then
			for j, dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
				for k, depend_transValue in ipairs(v.depend_trans) do
					if type(depend_transValue) ~= 'string' or type(dependValue) ~= 'string' then
							error('Виявлено недійсне значення «обов\'язкового» параметра в preprocessArgs')
					end
					translateArg(depend_transValue,dependValue)
				end
			end
		end
	end

	-- Get arguments with number suffixes.
	local a = 1 -- Counter variable.
	local moreArgumentsExist = true
	while moreArgumentsExist == true do
		moreArgumentsExist = false
		for i = a, a + step - 1 do
			for j,v in ipairs(prefixTable) do
				local prefixArgName = v.prefix .. tostring(i)
				-- якщо потрібен переклад параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція
				--якщо ні, то відбувається обрабка змінної
				if v.prefix_trans then
					local prefix_transArgName = v.prefix_trans .. tostring(i)
					if origArgs[prefix_transArgName] then
						moreArgumentsExist = true
						translateArg(prefix_transArgName,prefixArgName)
					end	
				else	
					if origArgs[prefixArgName] then
						-- Do another loop if any arguments are found, even blank ones.
						moreArgumentsExist = true
						preprocessSingleArg(prefixArgName)
					end
				end	
				-- Process the depend table if the prefix argument is present
				-- and not blank, or we are processing &quot;prefix1&quot; and &quot;prefix&quot; is
				-- present and not blank, and if the depend table is present.
				if v.depend and (args[prefixArgName] or (i == 1 and args[v.prefix])) then
					for j,dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
						local dependArgName = dependValue .. tostring(i)
						preprocessSingleArg(dependArgName)
					end
				--якщо потрібен переклад обов'язкових параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція	
				elseif v.depend_trans and (origArgs[prefixArgName] or (i == 1 and origArgs[v.prefix])) then
					for j,dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
						for k,depend_transValue in ipairs(v.depend_trans)  do
							local dependArgName = dependValue .. tostring(i)
							local depend_transArgName = depend_transValue .. tostring(i)
							translateArg(depend_transArgName, dependArgName)
						end	
					end
				end	
			end
		end
		a = a + step
	end
end

-- Parse the data parameters in the same order that the old {{infobox}} did, so
-- that references etc. will display in the expected places. Parameters that
-- depend on another parameter are only processed if that parameter is present,
-- to avoid phantom references appearing in article reference lists.
local function parseDataParameters()

	translateArg('autoheaders','автозаголовки')
	translateArg('child', 'вбудовування')
	translateArg('infobox-width', 'ширина-картки')
	translateArg('bodyclass', 'клас_тіла')
	translateArg('subbox', 'підкартка')
	translateArg('bodystyle', 'стиль_тіла')
	translateArg('title', 'назва')
	translateArg('titleclass', 'клас_назви')
	translateArg('titlestyle', 'стиль_назви')
	translateArg('above', 'угорі')
	translateArg('aboveclass', 'клас_угорі')
	translateArg('abovestyle', 'стиль_угорі')
	translateArg('above2', 'угорі2')
	translateArg('aboveclass2', 'клас_угорі2')
	translateArg('abovestyle2', 'стиль_угорі2')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix_trans = 'subheader', prefix = 'підзаголовок', depend_trans = {'subheaderstyle', 'subheaderrowclass'}, depend = {'стиль_підзаголовок', 'клас_рядка_підзаголовок'}}
	}, 10)
	translateArg('subheaderstyle', 'стиль_підзаголовків')
	translateArg('subheaderclass','клас_підзаголовків')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix_trans = 'image', prefix = 'зображення', depend_trans = {'caption', 'imagerowclass'}, depend = {'підпис', 'клас_рядка_зображення'}}
	}, 10)
	translateArg('captionstyle', 'стиль_підпису')
	translateArg('imagestyle', 'стиль_зображення')
	translateArg('imageclass', 'клас_зображення')
	translateArg('wikidatamodulename','назва_модуля_вікіданих')
	translateArg('parameterswikidata','параметри_вікіданих')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix_trans = 'header', prefix = 'заголовок'},
		{prefix_trans = 'data', prefix = 'текст', depend_trans = {'label'}, depend = {'мітка'}},
		{prefix_trans = 'wikidata', prefix = 'вікідані', depend_trans = {'label', 'parametersrowwikidata'}, depend = {'мітка', 'параметри_рядка_вікіданих' }},
		{prefix_trans = 'rowclass', prefix = 'клас_рядка'},
		{prefix_trans = 'rowstyle', prefix = 'стиль_рядка'},
		{prefix_trans = 'rowcellstyle', prefix = 'стиль_комірки_рядка'},
		{prefix_trans = 'class', prefix = 'клас'}
	}, 100)
	translateArg('headerclass', 'клас_заголовків')
	translateArg('headerstyle', 'стиль_заголовків')
	translateArg('labelstyle', 'стиль_міток')
	translateArg('datastyle', 'стиль_тексту')
	translateArg('below', 'внизу')
	translateArg('belowclass', 'клас_внизу')
	translateArg('belowstyle', 'стиль_внизу')
	translateArg('below2', 'внизу2')
	translateArg('belowclass2', 'клас_внизу2')
	translateArg('belowstyle2', 'стиль_внизу2')
	translateArg('name', 'ім\'я')
	translateArg('decat', 'nocat')
	translateArg('templatestyles', 'стилі_шаблону')
	translateArg('child templatestyles', 'стилі_шаблону вбудовування')
	translateArg('grandchild templatestyles', 'стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування')


	preprocessSingleArg('автозаголовки')
	preprocessSingleArg('вбудовування')
	preprocessSingleArg('ширина-картки')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_тіла')
	preprocessSingleArg('підкартка')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_тіла')
	preprocessSingleArg('назва')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_назви')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_назви')
	preprocessSingleArg('угорі')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_угорі')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_угорі')
	preprocessSingleArg('угорі2')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_угорі2')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_угорі2')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix = 'підзаголовок', depend = {'стиль_підзаголовок', 'клас_рядка_підзаголовок'}}
	}, 10)
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_підзаголовків')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_підзаголовків')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix = 'зображення', depend = {'підпис', 'клас_рядка_зображення'}}
	}, 10)
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_підпису')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_зображення')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_зображення')
	preprocessSingleArg('назва_модуля_вікіданих')
	processParamsFromArg(origArgs['параметри_вікіданих'], 'wikidata', true)
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix = 'заголовок'},
		{prefix = 'текст', depend = {'мітка'}},
		{prefix = 'вікідані', depend = {'мітка', 'параметри_рядка_вікіданих'}},
		{prefix = 'клас_рядка'},
		{prefix = 'стиль_рядка'},
		{prefix = 'стиль_комірки_рядка'},
		{prefix = 'клас'}
	}, 100)
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_заголовків')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_заголовків')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_міток')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_тексту')
	preprocessSingleArg('внизу')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_внизу')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_внизу')
	preprocessSingleArg('внизу2')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_внизу2')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_внизу2')
	preprocessSingleArg('ім\'я')
	-- different behaviour for italics if blank or absent
	args['italic title'] = origArgs['назва_курсивом'] or origArgs['italic title']
	preprocessSingleArg('nocat')
	preprocessSingleArg('стилі_шаблону')
	preprocessSingleArg('стилі_шаблону вбудовування')
	preprocessSingleArg('стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування')
end

-- If called via #invoke, use the args passed into the invoking template.
-- Otherwise, for testing purposes, assume args are being passed directly in.
function p.infobox(frame)
	if frame == mw.getCurrentFrame() then
		origArgs = frame:getParent().args
	else
		origArgs = frame
	end
	
	parseDataParameters()
	
	return _infobox()
end

-- For calling via #invoke within a template
function p.infoboxTemplate(frame)
	origArgs = {}
	for k,v in pairs(frame.args) do origArgs[k] = mw.text.trim(v) end
	
	parseDataParameters()
	
	return _infobox()
end
return p</text>
      <sha1>9rf5006fn1ugf9i5zymunkgumiu3nmy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305435</id>
      <parentid>7305434</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:46:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305435</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="37891" sha1="6tc6ope7bin1ah4y03rv437fm3dslaw" xml:space="preserve">--
-- Модуль для реалізації шаблону {{Wp/buk/Картка}}
--

local p = {}
local args = {}
local argsAliases = {}
local origArgs = {}
local root
local yesno = require(&quot;Модуль:Yesno&quot;)
local empty_row_categories = {}
local category_in_empty_row_pattern = '%[%[%s*[Cc][Aa][Tt][Ee][Gg][Oo][Rr][Yy]%s*:[^]]*%]%]'
local category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk = '%[%[%s*[Кк][Аа][Тт][Ее][Гг][Оо][Рр][Іі][Яя]%s*:[^]]*%]%]'
local has_rows = false
local has_error = false
local error_message = '&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:100%&quot;&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;{{[[Шаблон:Картка|Картка]]}}&lt;/kbd&gt;: '
local lists = {
	plainlist_t = {
		patterns = {
			'^plainlist$',
			'%splainlist$',
			'^plainlist%s',
			'%splainlist%s'
		},
		found = false,
		styles = 'Plainlist/styles.css'
	},
	hlist_t = {
		patterns = {
			'^hlist$',
			'%shlist$',
			'^hlist%s',
			'%shlist%s'
		},
		found = false,
		styles = 'Hlist/styles.css'
	}
}

local function has_list_class(args_to_check)
	for _, list in pairs(lists) do
		if not list.found then
			for _, arg in pairs(args_to_check) do
				for _, pattern in ipairs(list.patterns) do
					if mw.ustring.find(arg or '', pattern) then
						list.found = true
						break
					end
				end
				if list.found then break end
			end
		end
	end
end

local function isUntitledChildBox(sval)
	return sval and ( sval:match( '^%s*&lt;%s*[Tt][Rr]' ) or sval:match( '^%s*\127[^\127]*UNIQ%-%-templatestyles%-%x+%-QINU[^\127]*\127%s*&lt;%s*[Tt][Rr]' ) )
end

local function fixChildBoxes(sval, tt)
	local function notempty( s ) return s and s:match( '%S' ) end
	
	if notempty(sval) then
		local marker = '&lt;span class=special_infobox_marker&gt;'
		local s = sval
		-- start moving templatestyles and categories inside of table rows
		local slast = ''
		while slast ~= s do
			slast = s
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;%s*)(%[%[%s*[Cc][Aa][Tt][Ee][Gg][Oo][Rr][Yy]%s*:[^]]*%]%])', '%2%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;%s*)(%[%[%s*[Кк][Аа][Тт][Ее][Гг][Оо][Рр][Іі][Яя]%s*:[^]]*%]%])', '%2%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;%s*)(\127[^\127]*UNIQ%-%-templatestyles%-%x+%-QINU[^\127]*\127)', '%2%1')
		end
		-- end moving templatestyles and categories inside of table rows
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;%s*[Tt][Rr])', marker .. '%1')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;)', '%1' .. marker)
		if s:match(marker) then
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '%s*' .. marker, '')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '([\r\n]|-[^\r\n]*[\r\n])%s*' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '%s*([\r\n]|-)', '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Cc][Aa][Pp][Tt][Ii][Oo][Nn]%s*&gt;%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;%s*[Tt][Aa][Bb][Ll][Ee][^&lt;&gt;]*&gt;%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^(%{|[^\r\n]*[\r\n]%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '([\r\n]%{|[^\r\n]*[\r\n]%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '(%s*&lt;/[Tt][Aa][Bb][Ll][Ee]%s*&gt;)', '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '(%s*\n|%})', '%1')
		end
		if s:match(marker) then
			local subcells = mw.text.split(s, marker)
			s = ''
			for k = 1, #subcells do
				if k == 1 then
					s = s .. subcells[k] .. '&lt;/' .. tt .. '&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;'
				elseif k == #subcells then
					local rowstyle = ' style=&quot;display:none&quot;'
					if notempty(subcells[k]) then rowstyle = ''	end
					s = s .. '&lt;tr' .. rowstyle ..'&gt;&lt;' .. tt .. ' colspan=2&gt;\n' ..
						subcells[k]
				elseif notempty(subcells[k]) then
					if (k % 2) == 0 then
						s = s .. subcells[k]
					else
						s = s .. '&lt;tr&gt;&lt;' .. tt .. ' colspan=2&gt;\n' ..
							subcells[k] .. '&lt;/' .. tt .. '&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;'
					end
				end
			end
		end
		-- the next two lines add a newline at the end of lists for the PHP parser
		-- [[Special:Diff/849054481]]
		-- remove when [[:phab:T191516]] is fixed or OBE
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '([\r\n][%*#;:][^\r\n]*)$', '%1\n')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^([%*#;:][^\r\n]*)$', '%1\n')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^([%*#;:])', '\n%1')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^(%{%|)', '\n%1')
		return s
	else
		return sval
	end
end

-- Cleans empty tables
local function cleanInfobox()
	root = tostring(root)
	if has_rows == false then
		root = mw.ustring.gsub(root, '&lt;table[^&lt;&gt;]*&gt;%s*&lt;/table&gt;', '')
	end
end

-- Returns the union of the values of two tables, as a sequence.
local function union(t1, t2, t3)

	local vals = {}
	for k, v in pairs(t1) do
		vals[v] = true
	end
	for k, v in pairs(t2) do
		vals[v] = true
	end
	if t3 then
		for k, v in pairs(t3) do
			vals[v] = true
		end
	end
	local ret = {}
	for k, v in pairs(vals) do
		table.insert(ret, k)
	end
	return ret
end

local function processParamsFromArg (paramList, paramType, is_global)
	local paramName = ('wikidata' == paramType) and 'параметри_вікіданих' or 'параметри_зображення_картки'
	
	local paramsArgs = {}
	if paramList and paramList ~= '' then
--		local allowedParams = getAllowedList(paramType)
		
		for item in paramList:gmatch(&quot;(%S+%s*%S+);%s*&quot;) do
			local param, arg = mw.ustring.match(item, &quot;^(%S+):%s*(%S+)&quot;)
--			for k, v in ipairs(allowedParams) do								--чи тут потрібна взагалі перевірка на підтримувані параметри?
--				if v == param then
					paramsArgs[param] = arg
--				end
--			end	
		end
		
		if is_global then
			args[paramName] = paramsArgs
			return ''
		end
	end

	if args[paramName] and args[paramName] ~= '' then
		for param, arg in pairs(args[paramName]) do
			if not paramsArgs[param] or paramsArgs[param] == '' then
				paramsArgs[param] = arg
			end	
		end	
	end	
	
	return is_global and '' or paramsArgs
end

local function processWikidata(text, element, wdParams)
	
	if element then
		
		if args['назва_модуля_вікіданих'] and args['назва_модуля_вікіданих']:lower() == 'wikidataib' then
			local wikidata = require(&quot;Модуль:WikidataIB&quot;)
			
			local wdArgs = processParamsFromArg(wdParams, 'wikidata')
				
			wdArgs[1] = element:upper()
			wdArgs[2] = text
			
			local temptext
			
			if wdArgs['function'] and wdArgs['function'] ~= 'getValue' then
				local wdFrame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
				if wdArgs['function'] == 'getCoords' then
					wdArgs[1] = text
					wdArgs[2] = ''
				end	
				wdFrame.args = wdArgs
				temptext = wikidata[wdArgs['function']](wdFrame)
			else
				temptext = wikidata._getValue(wdArgs)
			end	
			
			if temptext and wdArgs.ref == &quot;yes&quot; then
				local wd = require(&quot;Модуль:wd&quot;)
				
				temptext = temptext .. wd._references({'normal+', wdArgs.qid or '', element})
			end	
			
			text = temptext
			
		elseif args['назва_модуля_вікіданих'] and args['назва_модуля_вікіданих']:lower() == 'wikidata1' then
			local wdFrame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
			local wikidata = require(&quot;Модуль:Wikidata1&quot;)
			wdFrame.args = {}
			local wdfunction
			
			if origArgs['qid'] and origArgs['qid'] ~= '' then
				wdFrame.args[1] = origArgs['qid']
				wdFrame.args[2] = element:upper()
				wdFrame.args[3] = text
				wdfunction = 'getValueFromID'
			else	
				wdFrame.args[1] = element:upper()
				wdFrame.args[2] = text
				wdfunction = 'getValue'
			end	
			
			text = wikidata[wdfunction](wdFrame)
		else
			local wdFrame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
			local wikidata = require(&quot;Модуль:Wikidata&quot;)
		
			wdFrame.args = {
				property = element,
				value = text,
				from = origArgs[ 'from' ] or ''
			}
		
			text = wikidata.formatProperty(wdFrame)
		end	
	end
	
	return text
end

-- Returns a table containing the numbers of the arguments that exist
-- for the specified prefix. For example, if the prefix was 'data', and
-- 'data1', 'data2', and 'data5' exist, it would return {1, 2, 5}.
local function getArgNums(prefix)
	local nums = {}
	for k, v in pairs(args) do
		local num = tostring(k):match('^' .. prefix .. '([1-9]%d*)$')
		if num then table.insert(nums, tonumber(num)) end
	end
	table.sort(nums)
	return nums
end

-- Adds a row to the infobox, with either a header cell
-- or a label/data cell combination.
local function addRow(rowArgs)
	
	if rowArgs.header and rowArgs.header ~= '_BLANK_' then
		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ rowArgs.rowclass, rowArgs.class, args['клас_заголовків'] })
		
		root
			:tag('tr')
				:addClass(rowArgs.rowclass)
				:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(rowArgs.header) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)
				:cssText(rowArgs.rowstyle)
				:tag('th')
					:attr('colspan', '2')
					:addClass('infobox-header')
					:addClass(rowArgs.class)
					:addClass(args['клас_заголовків'])
					-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-header
					:cssText(args['стиль_заголовків'])
					:cssText(rowArgs.rowcellstyle)
					:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(rowArgs.header, 'th'))
		if rowArgs.data and not yesno(args.nocat) then
			root:wikitext(
				'[[Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони картка з проігнорованими комірками параметра текст]]'
			)
		end
	elseif rowArgs.data and mw.ustring.gsub(rowArgs.data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('^%S') then
		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ rowArgs.rowclass, rowArgs.class })
		
		local row = root:tag('tr')
		row:addClass(rowArgs.rowclass)
		row:cssText(rowArgs.rowstyle)
		if rowArgs.label then
			row
				:tag('th')
					:attr('scope', 'row')
					:addClass('infobox-label')
					-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-label
					:cssText(args['стиль_міток'])
					:cssText(rowArgs.rowcellstyle)
					:wikitext(rowArgs.label)
					:done()
		else
			row:addClass( isUntitledChildBox( rowArgs.data ) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil )
		end
		
		if rowArgs.data == '----' then											--Так як при переході на модуль перестали працювати чотири дефіси
			rowArgs.data = '&lt;hr/&gt;'												--тому робимо їхню заміну на '&lt;hr/&gt;'
		end	

		local dataCell = row:tag('td')
		dataCell
			:attr('colspan', not rowArgs.label and '2' or nil)
			:addClass(not rowArgs.label and 'infobox-full-data' or 'infobox-data')
			:addClass(rowArgs.class)
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox(-full)-data
			:cssText(rowArgs.datastyle)
			:cssText(rowArgs.rowcellstyle)
			:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(rowArgs.data, 'td'))
	else
		table.insert(empty_row_categories, rowArgs.data or '')
	end
end

local function renderError()
	if not has_error then return end
	
	local errorText = error_message .. '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'
	
	root
		:tag('caption')
			:addClass('infobox-title')
			:wikitext(errorText)
end	

local function renderTitle()
	if not args['назва'] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({args['клас_назви']})
	
	root
		:tag('caption')
			:addClass('infobox-title')
			:addClass(args['клас_назви'])
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-title
			:cssText(args['стиль_назви'])
			:wikitext(args['назва'])
	
end

local function renderAboveRow(iteration_number)
	iteration_number = iteration_number or ''
	if not args['угорі' .. iteration_number] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({ args['клас_угорі' .. iteration_number] })
	
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(args['угорі' .. iteration_number]) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)
			:tag('th')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-above')
				:addClass(args['клас_угорі' .. iteration_number])
				-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-above
				:cssText(args['стиль_угорі' .. iteration_number])
				:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(args['угорі' .. iteration_number],'th'))
end

local function renderBelowRow(iteration_number)
	iteration_number = iteration_number or ''
	if not args['внизу' .. iteration_number] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({ args['клас_внизу' .. iteration_number] })
	
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(args['внизу' .. iteration_number]) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)
			:tag('td')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-below')
				:addClass(args['клас_внизу' .. iteration_number])
				-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-below
				:cssText(args['стиль_внизу' .. iteration_number])
				:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(args['внизу' .. iteration_number],'td'))
end

local function renderBelowRow2()
	if not args['внизу2'] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({ args['клас_внизу2'] })
	
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:tag('td')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-below')
				:addClass(args['клас_внизу2'])
				-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-below
				:cssText(args['стиль_внизу2'])
				:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(args['внизу2'],'td'))
end

local function addSubheaderRow(subheaderArgs)
	if subheaderArgs.data and
		mw.ustring.gsub(subheaderArgs.data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('^%S') then
		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ subheaderArgs.rowclass, subheaderArgs.class })
		
		local row = root:tag('tr')
		row:addClass(subheaderArgs.rowclass)
		row:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(subheaderArgs.data) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)

		local dataCell = row:tag('td')
		dataCell
			:attr('colspan', '2')
			:addClass('infobox-subheader')
			:addClass(subheaderArgs.class)
			:cssText(subheaderArgs.datastyle)
			:cssText(subheaderArgs.rowcellstyle)
			:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(subheaderArgs.data, 'td'))
	else
		table.insert(empty_row_categories, subheaderArgs.data or '')
	end
end

local function renderSubheaders()
	if args['підзаголовок'] then
		args['підзаголовок1'] = args['підзаголовок']
	end
	if args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок'] then
		args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок1'] = args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок'] 
	end
	local subheadernums = getArgNums('підзаголовок')
	for k, num in ipairs(subheadernums) do
		addSubheaderRow({
			data = args['підзаголовок' .. tostring(num)],
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-subheader
			datastyle = args['стиль_підзаголовок'] or args['стиль_підзаголовоків'],
			rowcellstyle = args['стиль_підзаголовок' .. tostring(num)],
			class = args['клас_підзаголовоків'],
			rowclass = args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок' .. tostring(num)]
		})
	end
end

local function addImageRow(imageArgs)

	if imageArgs.data and
		mw.ustring.gsub(imageArgs.data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('^%S') then

		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ imageArgs.rowclass, imageArgs.class })
		
		local row = root:tag('tr')
		row:addClass(imageArgs.rowclass)
		row:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(imageArgs.data) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)

		local dataCell = row:tag('td')
		dataCell
			:attr('colspan', '2')
			:addClass('infobox-image')
			:addClass(imageArgs.class)
			:cssText(imageArgs.datastyle)
			:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(imageArgs.data, 'td'))
	else
		table.insert(empty_row_categories, imageArgs.data or '')
	end
end

local function renderImages()
	if args['зображення'] then
		args['зображення1'] = args['зображення']
	end
	if args['підпис'] then
		args['підпис1'] = args['підпис']
	end
	local imagenums = getArgNums('зображення')
	for k, num in ipairs(imagenums) do
		local caption = args['підпис' .. tostring(num)]
		local data = mw.html.create():wikitext(args['зображення' .. tostring(num)])
		if caption then
			data
				:tag('div')
					:addClass('infobox-caption')
					-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-caption
					:cssText(args['стиль_підпису'])
					:wikitext(caption)
		end
		addImageRow({
			data = tostring(data),
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-image
			datastyle = args['стиль_зображення'],
			class = args['клас_зображення'],
			rowclass = args['клас_рядка_зображення' .. tostring(num)]
		})
	end
end

-- When autoheaders are turned on, preprocesses the rows
local function preprocessRows()
	if not args['автозаголовки'] then return end
	
	local rownums = union(getArgNums('заголовок'), getArgNums('текст'), getArgNums('вікідані'))
	table.sort(rownums)
	local lastheader
	for k, num in ipairs(rownums) do
		if args['заголовок' .. tostring(num)] then
			if lastheader then
				args['заголовок' .. tostring(lastheader)] = nil
			end
			lastheader = num
		elseif (args['текст' .. tostring(num)] and
			mw.ustring.gsub(args['текст' .. tostring(num)]:gsub(
				category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''
			),
				category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''
			):match('^%S')) or (args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)]
		and mw.ustring.gsub(args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)]:gsub(
				category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''
			),
				category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''
			):match('^%S'))
		then
			local data = processWikidata(args['текст' .. tostring(num)], args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)], args['параметри_рядка_вікіданих' .. tostring(num)])
			if data and mw.ustring.gsub(data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('%S') then
				lastheader = nil
			end
		end
	end
	if lastheader then
		args['заголовок' .. tostring(lastheader)] = nil
	end
end

-- Gets the union of the header and data argument numbers,
-- and renders them all in order
local function renderRows()

	local rownums = union(getArgNums('заголовок'), getArgNums('текст'), getArgNums('вікідані'))
	table.sort(rownums)
	for k, num in ipairs(rownums) do
		addRow({
			header = args['заголовок' .. tostring(num)],
			label = args['мітка' .. tostring(num)],
			data = processWikidata(args['текст' .. tostring(num)], args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)], args['параметри_рядка_вікіданих' .. tostring(num)]),
			datastyle = args['стиль_тексту'],
			class = args['клас' .. tostring(num)],
			rowclass = args['клас_рядка' .. tostring(num)],
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; rowclass
			rowstyle = args['стиль_рядка' .. tostring(num)],
			rowcellstyle = args['стиль_комірки_рядка' .. tostring(num)]
		})
	end
end

local function renderNavBar()
	if not args['ім\'я'] then return end

	has_rows = true
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:tag('td')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-navbar')
				:wikitext(require('Модуль:Navbar')._navbar{
					args['ім\'я'],
					mini = 1,
				})
end

local function renderItalicTitle()
	local italicTitle = args['italic title'] and mw.ustring.lower(args['italic title'])
	if italicTitle == '' or italicTitle == 'force' or italicTitle == 'примусово' or italicTitle == 'yes' or italicTitle == 'так' then
		root:wikitext(require('Модуль:Заголовок курсивом')._main({}))
	end
end

-- Categories in otherwise empty rows are collected in empty_row_categories.
-- This function adds them to the module output. It is not affected by
-- args.decat because this module should not prevent module-external categories
-- from rendering.
local function renderEmptyRowCategories()
	for _, s in ipairs(empty_row_categories) do
		root:wikitext(s)
	end
end

-- Render tracking categories. args.nocat == turns off tracking categories.
local function renderTrackingCategories()
	if yesno(args.nocat) then return end
	if yesno(args['вбудовування']) then
		if args['назва'] then
			root:wikitext(
				'[[Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони вбудованої картки з параметром назва]]'
			)
		end
	elseif #(getArgNums('текст')) == 0 and #(getArgNums('вікідані')) == 0 and mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace == 0 then
		root:wikitext('[[Категорія:Статті, що використовують шаблони картка без рядків параметра текст]]')
	end
	if args['ім\'я'] then
		root:wikitext('[[Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони картка з параметром ім\'я' .. (mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace == 10 and '|{' or '') .. ']]')
	end	
	if has_error then
		root:wikitext('[[Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони картка з двома однаковими параметрами]]')
	end
end

--[=[
Loads the templatestyles for the infobox.

TODO: FINISH loading base templatestyles here rather than in
MediaWiki:Common.css. There are 4-5000 pages with 'raw' infobox tables.
See [[Mediawiki_talk:Common.css/to_do#Infobox]] and/or come help :).
When we do this we should clean up the inline CSS below too.
Will have to do some bizarre conversion category like with sidebar.

]=]
local function loadTemplateStyles()
	local frame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
	
	local hlist_templatestyles = ''
	if lists.hlist_t.found then
		hlist_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = lists.hlist_t.styles }
		}
	end
	
	local plainlist_templatestyles = ''
	if lists.plainlist_t.found then
		plainlist_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = lists.plainlist_t.styles }
		}
	end
	
	-- See function description
	local base_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
		name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = 'Модуль:Картка/styles.css' }
	}

	local templatestyles = ''
	if args['стилі_шаблону'] then
		templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = args['стилі_шаблону'] }
		}
	end
	
	local child_templatestyles = ''
	if args['стилі_шаблону вбудовування'] then
		child_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = args['стилі_шаблону вбудовування'] }
		}
	end
	
	local grandchild_templatestyles = ''
	if args['стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування'] then
		grandchild_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = args['стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування'] }
		}
	end
	
	return table.concat({
		-- hlist -&gt; plainlist -&gt; base is best-effort to preserve old Common.css ordering.
		-- this ordering is not a guarantee because the rows of interest invoking
		-- each class may not be on a specific page
		hlist_templatestyles,
		plainlist_templatestyles,
		base_templatestyles,
		templatestyles,
		child_templatestyles,
		grandchild_templatestyles
	})
end

-- common functions between the child and non child cases
local function structure_infobox_common()
	renderSubheaders()
	renderImages()
	preprocessRows()
	renderRows()
	renderBelowRow()
	renderBelowRow('2')
	--	renderNavBar() (тимчасово поки закоментував)
	renderItalicTitle()
	renderEmptyRowCategories()
	renderTrackingCategories()
	cleanInfobox()
end

-- Specify the overall layout of the infobox, with special settings if the
-- infobox is used as a 'child' inside another infobox.
local function _infobox()
	if not yesno(args['вбудовування']) then
		root = mw.html.create('table')
		
		local infoboxWidth = ''
		if args['ширина-картки'] then
			infoboxWidth = &quot;width:&quot; .. args['ширина-картки']
		end
		
		root
			:addClass(yesno(args['підкартка']) and 'infobox-subbox' or 'infobox')
			:addClass(args['клас_тіла'])
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt;
			:cssText(args['стиль_тіла'])
			-- infobox width from a parameter
			:cssText(infoboxWidth)
				has_list_class({ args['клас_тіла'] })

		renderError()
		renderTitle()
		renderAboveRow()
		renderAboveRow('2')
	else
		root = mw.html.create()

		local errorText = has_error and (error_message .. '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br/&gt;') or ''

		root
			:wikitext(errorText)
			:wikitext(args['назва'])
	end
	structure_infobox_common()
	
	return loadTemplateStyles() .. root
end

-- If the argument exists and isn't blank, add it to the argument table.
-- Blank arguments are treated as nil to match the behaviour of ParserFunctions.
local function preprocessSingleArg(argName)
	if origArgs[argName] and origArgs[argName] ~= '' then
		args[argName] = origArgs[argName]
	end
end

local function translateArg(aliasArgName,localArgName)
	-- Функція додає підтримку аліасів параметрів (наприклад, іншою мовою)
	
	-- Додаєм аліас параметра в таблицю аліасів
	-- Для одного параметра може бути кілька аліасів
	-- Нумеровані параметри(текст1 і т.д.) заносяться без номера
	if not 	argsAliases[localArgName] then
		argsAliases[localArgName] = {}
	end
	table.insert(argsAliases[localArgName], aliasArgName)
	
	-- Значення аліасів додаются в таблицю аргументів
    if origArgs[localArgName] and origArgs[localArgName] ~= '' then
    	-- параметр вже заданий на локальній мові
    	-- якщо аліас заданий і не пустий
    	if origArgs[aliasArgName] and origArgs[aliasArgName] ~= '' then
    	--	local message_addon = 'Вказано два однакових параметри &lt;code class=&quot;infobox-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; та &lt;code class=&quot;infobox-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$2=&lt;/code&gt;, тому виведено значення параметра &lt;code class=&quot;infobox-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; ([[Шаблон:Картка#Помилки|довідка]])'
    	--	error_message = error_message .. (has_error and '; ' or '') .. mw.message.newRawMessage(message_addon, localArgName, aliasArgName):plain()
    	--	has_error = true
    	end	
    else
    	-- якщо аліас заданий і не пустий
	    if origArgs[aliasArgName] and origArgs[aliasArgName] ~= '' then
	        origArgs[localArgName] = origArgs[aliasArgName]
	    end
    end
end

-- Assign the parameters with the given prefixes to the args table, in order, in
-- batches of the step size specified. This is to prevent references etc. from
-- appearing in the wrong order. The prefixTable should be an array containing
-- tables, each of which has two possible fields, a &quot;prefix&quot; string and a
-- &quot;depend&quot; table. The function always parses parameters containing the &quot;prefix&quot;
-- string, but only parses parameters in the &quot;depend&quot; table if the prefix
-- parameter is present and non-blank.
local function preprocessArgs(prefixTable, step)
	if type(prefixTable) ~= 'table' then
		error(&quot;Виявлено нетабличне значення для таблиці префіксів&quot;, 2)
	end
	if type(step) ~= 'number' then
		error(&quot;Виявлено недійсне значення параметра кроку&quot;, 2)
	end

	-- Get arguments without a number suffix, and check for bad input.
	for i,v in ipairs(prefixTable) do
		if type(v) ~= 'table' or type(v.prefix) ~= &quot;string&quot; or 
			(v.prefix_trans and type(v.prefix_trans) ~= &quot;string&quot;) or
			(v.depend and type(v.depend) ~= 'table') or
			(v.depend_trans and type(v.depend_trans) ~= 'table') then
			error('Виявлено недійсне значення в таблиці префіксів preprocessArgs', 2)
		end
		
		-- якщо потрібен переклад параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція
		--якщо ні, то відбувається обрабка змінної
		if v.prefix_trans then
			translateArg(v.prefix_trans,v.prefix)
		else
			preprocessSingleArg(v.prefix)
		end	
		-- Only parse the depend parameter if the prefix parameter is present
		-- and not blank.
		if args[v.prefix] and v.depend then
			for j, dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
				if type(dependValue) ~= 'string' then
					error('Виявлено недійсне значення «обов\'язкового» параметра в preprocessArgs')
				end
					preprocessSingleArg(dependValue)
			end
		--якщо потрібен переклад обов'язкових параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція
		elseif origArgs[v.prefix] and v.depend_trans then
			for j, dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
				for k, depend_transValue in ipairs(v.depend_trans) do
					if type(depend_transValue) ~= 'string' or type(dependValue) ~= 'string' then
							error('Виявлено недійсне значення «обов\'язкового» параметра в preprocessArgs')
					end
					translateArg(depend_transValue,dependValue)
				end
			end
		end
	end

	-- Get arguments with number suffixes.
	local a = 1 -- Counter variable.
	local moreArgumentsExist = true
	while moreArgumentsExist == true do
		moreArgumentsExist = false
		for i = a, a + step - 1 do
			for j,v in ipairs(prefixTable) do
				local prefixArgName = v.prefix .. tostring(i)
				-- якщо потрібен переклад параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція
				--якщо ні, то відбувається обрабка змінної
				if v.prefix_trans then
					local prefix_transArgName = v.prefix_trans .. tostring(i)
					if origArgs[prefix_transArgName] then
						moreArgumentsExist = true
						translateArg(prefix_transArgName,prefixArgName)
					end	
				else	
					if origArgs[prefixArgName] then
						-- Do another loop if any arguments are found, even blank ones.
						moreArgumentsExist = true
						preprocessSingleArg(prefixArgName)
					end
				end	
				-- Process the depend table if the prefix argument is present
				-- and not blank, or we are processing &quot;prefix1&quot; and &quot;prefix&quot; is
				-- present and not blank, and if the depend table is present.
				if v.depend and (args[prefixArgName] or (i == 1 and args[v.prefix])) then
					for j,dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
						local dependArgName = dependValue .. tostring(i)
						preprocessSingleArg(dependArgName)
					end
				--якщо потрібен переклад обов'язкових параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція	
				elseif v.depend_trans and (origArgs[prefixArgName] or (i == 1 and origArgs[v.prefix])) then
					for j,dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
						for k,depend_transValue in ipairs(v.depend_trans)  do
							local dependArgName = dependValue .. tostring(i)
							local depend_transArgName = depend_transValue .. tostring(i)
							translateArg(depend_transArgName, dependArgName)
						end	
					end
				end	
			end
		end
		a = a + step
	end
end

-- Parse the data parameters in the same order that the old {{infobox}} did, so
-- that references etc. will display in the expected places. Parameters that
-- depend on another parameter are only processed if that parameter is present,
-- to avoid phantom references appearing in article reference lists.
local function parseDataParameters()

	translateArg('autoheaders','автозаголовки')
	translateArg('child', 'вбудовування')
	translateArg('infobox-width', 'ширина-картки')
	translateArg('bodyclass', 'клас_тіла')
	translateArg('subbox', 'підкартка')
	translateArg('bodystyle', 'стиль_тіла')
	translateArg('title', 'назва')
	translateArg('titleclass', 'клас_назви')
	translateArg('titlestyle', 'стиль_назви')
	translateArg('above', 'угорі')
	translateArg('aboveclass', 'клас_угорі')
	translateArg('abovestyle', 'стиль_угорі')
	translateArg('above2', 'угорі2')
	translateArg('aboveclass2', 'клас_угорі2')
	translateArg('abovestyle2', 'стиль_угорі2')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix_trans = 'subheader', prefix = 'підзаголовок', depend_trans = {'subheaderstyle', 'subheaderrowclass'}, depend = {'стиль_підзаголовок', 'клас_рядка_підзаголовок'}}
	}, 10)
	translateArg('subheaderstyle', 'стиль_підзаголовків')
	translateArg('subheaderclass','клас_підзаголовків')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix_trans = 'image', prefix = 'зображення', depend_trans = {'caption', 'imagerowclass'}, depend = {'підпис', 'клас_рядка_зображення'}}
	}, 10)
	translateArg('captionstyle', 'стиль_підпису')
	translateArg('imagestyle', 'стиль_зображення')
	translateArg('imageclass', 'клас_зображення')
	translateArg('wikidatamodulename','назва_модуля_вікіданих')
	translateArg('parameterswikidata','параметри_вікіданих')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix_trans = 'header', prefix = 'заголовок'},
		{prefix_trans = 'data', prefix = 'текст', depend_trans = {'label'}, depend = {'мітка'}},
		{prefix_trans = 'wikidata', prefix = 'вікідані', depend_trans = {'label', 'parametersrowwikidata'}, depend = {'мітка', 'параметри_рядка_вікіданих' }},
		{prefix_trans = 'rowclass', prefix = 'клас_рядка'},
		{prefix_trans = 'rowstyle', prefix = 'стиль_рядка'},
		{prefix_trans = 'rowcellstyle', prefix = 'стиль_комірки_рядка'},
		{prefix_trans = 'class', prefix = 'клас'}
	}, 100)
	translateArg('headerclass', 'клас_заголовків')
	translateArg('headerstyle', 'стиль_заголовків')
	translateArg('labelstyle', 'стиль_міток')
	translateArg('datastyle', 'стиль_тексту')
	translateArg('below', 'внизу')
	translateArg('belowclass', 'клас_внизу')
	translateArg('belowstyle', 'стиль_внизу')
	translateArg('below2', 'внизу2')
	translateArg('belowclass2', 'клас_внизу2')
	translateArg('belowstyle2', 'стиль_внизу2')
	translateArg('name', 'ім\'я')
	translateArg('decat', 'nocat')
	translateArg('templatestyles', 'стилі_шаблону')
	translateArg('child templatestyles', 'стилі_шаблону вбудовування')
	translateArg('grandchild templatestyles', 'стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування')


	preprocessSingleArg('автозаголовки')
	preprocessSingleArg('вбудовування')
	preprocessSingleArg('ширина-картки')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_тіла')
	preprocessSingleArg('підкартка')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_тіла')
	preprocessSingleArg('назва')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_назви')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_назви')
	preprocessSingleArg('угорі')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_угорі')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_угорі')
	preprocessSingleArg('угорі2')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_угорі2')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_угорі2')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix = 'підзаголовок', depend = {'стиль_підзаголовок', 'клас_рядка_підзаголовок'}}
	}, 10)
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_підзаголовків')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_підзаголовків')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix = 'зображення', depend = {'підпис', 'клас_рядка_зображення'}}
	}, 10)
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_підпису')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_зображення')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_зображення')
	preprocessSingleArg('назва_модуля_вікіданих')
	processParamsFromArg(origArgs['параметри_вікіданих'], 'wikidata', true)
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix = 'заголовок'},
		{prefix = 'текст', depend = {'мітка'}},
		{prefix = 'вікідані', depend = {'мітка', 'параметри_рядка_вікіданих'}},
		{prefix = 'клас_рядка'},
		{prefix = 'стиль_рядка'},
		{prefix = 'стиль_комірки_рядка'},
		{prefix = 'клас'}
	}, 100)
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_заголовків')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_заголовків')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_міток')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_тексту')
	preprocessSingleArg('внизу')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_внизу')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_внизу')
	preprocessSingleArg('внизу2')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_внизу2')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_внизу2')
	preprocessSingleArg('ім\'я')
	-- different behaviour for italics if blank or absent
	args['italic title'] = origArgs['назва_курсивом'] or origArgs['italic title']
	preprocessSingleArg('nocat')
	preprocessSingleArg('стилі_шаблону')
	preprocessSingleArg('стилі_шаблону вбудовування')
	preprocessSingleArg('стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування')
end

-- If called via #invoke, use the args passed into the invoking template.
-- Otherwise, for testing purposes, assume args are being passed directly in.
function p.infobox(frame)
	if frame == mw.getCurrentFrame() then
		origArgs = frame:getParent().args
	else
		origArgs = frame
	end
	
	parseDataParameters()
	
	return _infobox()
end

-- For calling via #invoke within a template
function p.infoboxTemplate(frame)
	origArgs = {}
	for k,v in pairs(frame.args) do origArgs[k] = mw.text.trim(v) end
	
	parseDataParameters()
	
	return _infobox()
end
return p</text>
      <sha1>6tc6ope7bin1ah4y03rv437fm3dslaw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305446</id>
      <parentid>7305435</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:48:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305446</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="37885" sha1="5xlqms3jy1vjfxkn1meotuucs33q3rj" xml:space="preserve">--
-- Модуль для реалізації шаблону {{Wp/buk/Картка}}
--

local p = {}
local args = {}
local argsAliases = {}
local origArgs = {}
local root
local yesno = require(&quot;Module:Yesno&quot;)
local empty_row_categories = {}
local category_in_empty_row_pattern = '%[%[%s*[Cc][Aa][Tt][Ee][Gg][Oo][Rr][Yy]%s*:[^]]*%]%]'
local category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk = '%[%[%s*[Кк][Аа][Тт][Ее][Гг][Оо][Рр][Іі][Яя]%s*:[^]]*%]%]'
local has_rows = false
local has_error = false
local error_message = '&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:100%&quot;&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;{{[[Шаблон:Картка|Картка]]}}&lt;/kbd&gt;: '
local lists = {
	plainlist_t = {
		patterns = {
			'^plainlist$',
			'%splainlist$',
			'^plainlist%s',
			'%splainlist%s'
		},
		found = false,
		styles = 'Plainlist/styles.css'
	},
	hlist_t = {
		patterns = {
			'^hlist$',
			'%shlist$',
			'^hlist%s',
			'%shlist%s'
		},
		found = false,
		styles = 'Hlist/styles.css'
	}
}

local function has_list_class(args_to_check)
	for _, list in pairs(lists) do
		if not list.found then
			for _, arg in pairs(args_to_check) do
				for _, pattern in ipairs(list.patterns) do
					if mw.ustring.find(arg or '', pattern) then
						list.found = true
						break
					end
				end
				if list.found then break end
			end
		end
	end
end

local function isUntitledChildBox(sval)
	return sval and ( sval:match( '^%s*&lt;%s*[Tt][Rr]' ) or sval:match( '^%s*\127[^\127]*UNIQ%-%-templatestyles%-%x+%-QINU[^\127]*\127%s*&lt;%s*[Tt][Rr]' ) )
end

local function fixChildBoxes(sval, tt)
	local function notempty( s ) return s and s:match( '%S' ) end
	
	if notempty(sval) then
		local marker = '&lt;span class=special_infobox_marker&gt;'
		local s = sval
		-- start moving templatestyles and categories inside of table rows
		local slast = ''
		while slast ~= s do
			slast = s
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;%s*)(%[%[%s*[Cc][Aa][Tt][Ee][Gg][Oo][Rr][Yy]%s*:[^]]*%]%])', '%2%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;%s*)(%[%[%s*[Кк][Аа][Тт][Ее][Гг][Оо][Рр][Іі][Яя]%s*:[^]]*%]%])', '%2%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;%s*)(\127[^\127]*UNIQ%-%-templatestyles%-%x+%-QINU[^\127]*\127)', '%2%1')
		end
		-- end moving templatestyles and categories inside of table rows
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;%s*[Tt][Rr])', marker .. '%1')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;)', '%1' .. marker)
		if s:match(marker) then
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '%s*' .. marker, '')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '([\r\n]|-[^\r\n]*[\r\n])%s*' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '%s*([\r\n]|-)', '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Cc][Aa][Pp][Tt][Ii][Oo][Nn]%s*&gt;%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;%s*[Tt][Aa][Bb][Ll][Ee][^&lt;&gt;]*&gt;%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^(%{|[^\r\n]*[\r\n]%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '([\r\n]%{|[^\r\n]*[\r\n]%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '(%s*&lt;/[Tt][Aa][Bb][Ll][Ee]%s*&gt;)', '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '(%s*\n|%})', '%1')
		end
		if s:match(marker) then
			local subcells = mw.text.split(s, marker)
			s = ''
			for k = 1, #subcells do
				if k == 1 then
					s = s .. subcells[k] .. '&lt;/' .. tt .. '&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;'
				elseif k == #subcells then
					local rowstyle = ' style=&quot;display:none&quot;'
					if notempty(subcells[k]) then rowstyle = ''	end
					s = s .. '&lt;tr' .. rowstyle ..'&gt;&lt;' .. tt .. ' colspan=2&gt;\n' ..
						subcells[k]
				elseif notempty(subcells[k]) then
					if (k % 2) == 0 then
						s = s .. subcells[k]
					else
						s = s .. '&lt;tr&gt;&lt;' .. tt .. ' colspan=2&gt;\n' ..
							subcells[k] .. '&lt;/' .. tt .. '&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;'
					end
				end
			end
		end
		-- the next two lines add a newline at the end of lists for the PHP parser
		-- [[Special:Diff/849054481]]
		-- remove when [[:phab:T191516]] is fixed or OBE
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '([\r\n][%*#;:][^\r\n]*)$', '%1\n')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^([%*#;:][^\r\n]*)$', '%1\n')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^([%*#;:])', '\n%1')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^(%{%|)', '\n%1')
		return s
	else
		return sval
	end
end

-- Cleans empty tables
local function cleanInfobox()
	root = tostring(root)
	if has_rows == false then
		root = mw.ustring.gsub(root, '&lt;table[^&lt;&gt;]*&gt;%s*&lt;/table&gt;', '')
	end
end

-- Returns the union of the values of two tables, as a sequence.
local function union(t1, t2, t3)

	local vals = {}
	for k, v in pairs(t1) do
		vals[v] = true
	end
	for k, v in pairs(t2) do
		vals[v] = true
	end
	if t3 then
		for k, v in pairs(t3) do
			vals[v] = true
		end
	end
	local ret = {}
	for k, v in pairs(vals) do
		table.insert(ret, k)
	end
	return ret
end

local function processParamsFromArg (paramList, paramType, is_global)
	local paramName = ('wikidata' == paramType) and 'параметри_вікіданих' or 'параметри_зображення_картки'
	
	local paramsArgs = {}
	if paramList and paramList ~= '' then
--		local allowedParams = getAllowedList(paramType)
		
		for item in paramList:gmatch(&quot;(%S+%s*%S+);%s*&quot;) do
			local param, arg = mw.ustring.match(item, &quot;^(%S+):%s*(%S+)&quot;)
--			for k, v in ipairs(allowedParams) do								--чи тут потрібна взагалі перевірка на підтримувані параметри?
--				if v == param then
					paramsArgs[param] = arg
--				end
--			end	
		end
		
		if is_global then
			args[paramName] = paramsArgs
			return ''
		end
	end

	if args[paramName] and args[paramName] ~= '' then
		for param, arg in pairs(args[paramName]) do
			if not paramsArgs[param] or paramsArgs[param] == '' then
				paramsArgs[param] = arg
			end	
		end	
	end	
	
	return is_global and '' or paramsArgs
end

local function processWikidata(text, element, wdParams)
	
	if element then
		
		if args['назва_модуля_вікіданих'] and args['назва_модуля_вікіданих']:lower() == 'wikidataib' then
			local wikidata = require(&quot;Модуль:WikidataIB&quot;)
			
			local wdArgs = processParamsFromArg(wdParams, 'wikidata')
				
			wdArgs[1] = element:upper()
			wdArgs[2] = text
			
			local temptext
			
			if wdArgs['function'] and wdArgs['function'] ~= 'getValue' then
				local wdFrame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
				if wdArgs['function'] == 'getCoords' then
					wdArgs[1] = text
					wdArgs[2] = ''
				end	
				wdFrame.args = wdArgs
				temptext = wikidata[wdArgs['function']](wdFrame)
			else
				temptext = wikidata._getValue(wdArgs)
			end	
			
			if temptext and wdArgs.ref == &quot;yes&quot; then
				local wd = require(&quot;Модуль:wd&quot;)
				
				temptext = temptext .. wd._references({'normal+', wdArgs.qid or '', element})
			end	
			
			text = temptext
			
		elseif args['назва_модуля_вікіданих'] and args['назва_модуля_вікіданих']:lower() == 'wikidata1' then
			local wdFrame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
			local wikidata = require(&quot;Модуль:Wikidata1&quot;)
			wdFrame.args = {}
			local wdfunction
			
			if origArgs['qid'] and origArgs['qid'] ~= '' then
				wdFrame.args[1] = origArgs['qid']
				wdFrame.args[2] = element:upper()
				wdFrame.args[3] = text
				wdfunction = 'getValueFromID'
			else	
				wdFrame.args[1] = element:upper()
				wdFrame.args[2] = text
				wdfunction = 'getValue'
			end	
			
			text = wikidata[wdfunction](wdFrame)
		else
			local wdFrame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
			local wikidata = require(&quot;Модуль:Wikidata&quot;)
		
			wdFrame.args = {
				property = element,
				value = text,
				from = origArgs[ 'from' ] or ''
			}
		
			text = wikidata.formatProperty(wdFrame)
		end	
	end
	
	return text
end

-- Returns a table containing the numbers of the arguments that exist
-- for the specified prefix. For example, if the prefix was 'data', and
-- 'data1', 'data2', and 'data5' exist, it would return {1, 2, 5}.
local function getArgNums(prefix)
	local nums = {}
	for k, v in pairs(args) do
		local num = tostring(k):match('^' .. prefix .. '([1-9]%d*)$')
		if num then table.insert(nums, tonumber(num)) end
	end
	table.sort(nums)
	return nums
end

-- Adds a row to the infobox, with either a header cell
-- or a label/data cell combination.
local function addRow(rowArgs)
	
	if rowArgs.header and rowArgs.header ~= '_BLANK_' then
		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ rowArgs.rowclass, rowArgs.class, args['клас_заголовків'] })
		
		root
			:tag('tr')
				:addClass(rowArgs.rowclass)
				:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(rowArgs.header) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)
				:cssText(rowArgs.rowstyle)
				:tag('th')
					:attr('colspan', '2')
					:addClass('infobox-header')
					:addClass(rowArgs.class)
					:addClass(args['клас_заголовків'])
					-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-header
					:cssText(args['стиль_заголовків'])
					:cssText(rowArgs.rowcellstyle)
					:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(rowArgs.header, 'th'))
		if rowArgs.data and not yesno(args.nocat) then
			root:wikitext(
				'[[Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони картка з проігнорованими комірками параметра текст]]'
			)
		end
	elseif rowArgs.data and mw.ustring.gsub(rowArgs.data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('^%S') then
		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ rowArgs.rowclass, rowArgs.class })
		
		local row = root:tag('tr')
		row:addClass(rowArgs.rowclass)
		row:cssText(rowArgs.rowstyle)
		if rowArgs.label then
			row
				:tag('th')
					:attr('scope', 'row')
					:addClass('infobox-label')
					-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-label
					:cssText(args['стиль_міток'])
					:cssText(rowArgs.rowcellstyle)
					:wikitext(rowArgs.label)
					:done()
		else
			row:addClass( isUntitledChildBox( rowArgs.data ) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil )
		end
		
		if rowArgs.data == '----' then											--Так як при переході на модуль перестали працювати чотири дефіси
			rowArgs.data = '&lt;hr/&gt;'												--тому робимо їхню заміну на '&lt;hr/&gt;'
		end	

		local dataCell = row:tag('td')
		dataCell
			:attr('colspan', not rowArgs.label and '2' or nil)
			:addClass(not rowArgs.label and 'infobox-full-data' or 'infobox-data')
			:addClass(rowArgs.class)
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox(-full)-data
			:cssText(rowArgs.datastyle)
			:cssText(rowArgs.rowcellstyle)
			:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(rowArgs.data, 'td'))
	else
		table.insert(empty_row_categories, rowArgs.data or '')
	end
end

local function renderError()
	if not has_error then return end
	
	local errorText = error_message .. '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'
	
	root
		:tag('caption')
			:addClass('infobox-title')
			:wikitext(errorText)
end	

local function renderTitle()
	if not args['назва'] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({args['клас_назви']})
	
	root
		:tag('caption')
			:addClass('infobox-title')
			:addClass(args['клас_назви'])
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-title
			:cssText(args['стиль_назви'])
			:wikitext(args['назва'])
	
end

local function renderAboveRow(iteration_number)
	iteration_number = iteration_number or ''
	if not args['угорі' .. iteration_number] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({ args['клас_угорі' .. iteration_number] })
	
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(args['угорі' .. iteration_number]) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)
			:tag('th')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-above')
				:addClass(args['клас_угорі' .. iteration_number])
				-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-above
				:cssText(args['стиль_угорі' .. iteration_number])
				:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(args['угорі' .. iteration_number],'th'))
end

local function renderBelowRow(iteration_number)
	iteration_number = iteration_number or ''
	if not args['внизу' .. iteration_number] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({ args['клас_внизу' .. iteration_number] })
	
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(args['внизу' .. iteration_number]) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)
			:tag('td')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-below')
				:addClass(args['клас_внизу' .. iteration_number])
				-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-below
				:cssText(args['стиль_внизу' .. iteration_number])
				:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(args['внизу' .. iteration_number],'td'))
end

local function renderBelowRow2()
	if not args['внизу2'] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({ args['клас_внизу2'] })
	
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:tag('td')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-below')
				:addClass(args['клас_внизу2'])
				-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-below
				:cssText(args['стиль_внизу2'])
				:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(args['внизу2'],'td'))
end

local function addSubheaderRow(subheaderArgs)
	if subheaderArgs.data and
		mw.ustring.gsub(subheaderArgs.data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('^%S') then
		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ subheaderArgs.rowclass, subheaderArgs.class })
		
		local row = root:tag('tr')
		row:addClass(subheaderArgs.rowclass)
		row:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(subheaderArgs.data) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)

		local dataCell = row:tag('td')
		dataCell
			:attr('colspan', '2')
			:addClass('infobox-subheader')
			:addClass(subheaderArgs.class)
			:cssText(subheaderArgs.datastyle)
			:cssText(subheaderArgs.rowcellstyle)
			:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(subheaderArgs.data, 'td'))
	else
		table.insert(empty_row_categories, subheaderArgs.data or '')
	end
end

local function renderSubheaders()
	if args['підзаголовок'] then
		args['підзаголовок1'] = args['підзаголовок']
	end
	if args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок'] then
		args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок1'] = args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок'] 
	end
	local subheadernums = getArgNums('підзаголовок')
	for k, num in ipairs(subheadernums) do
		addSubheaderRow({
			data = args['підзаголовок' .. tostring(num)],
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-subheader
			datastyle = args['стиль_підзаголовок'] or args['стиль_підзаголовоків'],
			rowcellstyle = args['стиль_підзаголовок' .. tostring(num)],
			class = args['клас_підзаголовоків'],
			rowclass = args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок' .. tostring(num)]
		})
	end
end

local function addImageRow(imageArgs)

	if imageArgs.data and
		mw.ustring.gsub(imageArgs.data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('^%S') then

		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ imageArgs.rowclass, imageArgs.class })
		
		local row = root:tag('tr')
		row:addClass(imageArgs.rowclass)
		row:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(imageArgs.data) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)

		local dataCell = row:tag('td')
		dataCell
			:attr('colspan', '2')
			:addClass('infobox-image')
			:addClass(imageArgs.class)
			:cssText(imageArgs.datastyle)
			:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(imageArgs.data, 'td'))
	else
		table.insert(empty_row_categories, imageArgs.data or '')
	end
end

local function renderImages()
	if args['зображення'] then
		args['зображення1'] = args['зображення']
	end
	if args['підпис'] then
		args['підпис1'] = args['підпис']
	end
	local imagenums = getArgNums('зображення')
	for k, num in ipairs(imagenums) do
		local caption = args['підпис' .. tostring(num)]
		local data = mw.html.create():wikitext(args['зображення' .. tostring(num)])
		if caption then
			data
				:tag('div')
					:addClass('infobox-caption')
					-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-caption
					:cssText(args['стиль_підпису'])
					:wikitext(caption)
		end
		addImageRow({
			data = tostring(data),
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-image
			datastyle = args['стиль_зображення'],
			class = args['клас_зображення'],
			rowclass = args['клас_рядка_зображення' .. tostring(num)]
		})
	end
end

-- When autoheaders are turned on, preprocesses the rows
local function preprocessRows()
	if not args['автозаголовки'] then return end
	
	local rownums = union(getArgNums('заголовок'), getArgNums('текст'), getArgNums('вікідані'))
	table.sort(rownums)
	local lastheader
	for k, num in ipairs(rownums) do
		if args['заголовок' .. tostring(num)] then
			if lastheader then
				args['заголовок' .. tostring(lastheader)] = nil
			end
			lastheader = num
		elseif (args['текст' .. tostring(num)] and
			mw.ustring.gsub(args['текст' .. tostring(num)]:gsub(
				category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''
			),
				category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''
			):match('^%S')) or (args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)]
		and mw.ustring.gsub(args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)]:gsub(
				category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''
			),
				category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''
			):match('^%S'))
		then
			local data = processWikidata(args['текст' .. tostring(num)], args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)], args['параметри_рядка_вікіданих' .. tostring(num)])
			if data and mw.ustring.gsub(data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('%S') then
				lastheader = nil
			end
		end
	end
	if lastheader then
		args['заголовок' .. tostring(lastheader)] = nil
	end
end

-- Gets the union of the header and data argument numbers,
-- and renders them all in order
local function renderRows()

	local rownums = union(getArgNums('заголовок'), getArgNums('текст'), getArgNums('вікідані'))
	table.sort(rownums)
	for k, num in ipairs(rownums) do
		addRow({
			header = args['заголовок' .. tostring(num)],
			label = args['мітка' .. tostring(num)],
			data = processWikidata(args['текст' .. tostring(num)], args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)], args['параметри_рядка_вікіданих' .. tostring(num)]),
			datastyle = args['стиль_тексту'],
			class = args['клас' .. tostring(num)],
			rowclass = args['клас_рядка' .. tostring(num)],
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; rowclass
			rowstyle = args['стиль_рядка' .. tostring(num)],
			rowcellstyle = args['стиль_комірки_рядка' .. tostring(num)]
		})
	end
end

local function renderNavBar()
	if not args['ім\'я'] then return end

	has_rows = true
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:tag('td')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-navbar')
				:wikitext(require('Модуль:Navbar')._navbar{
					args['ім\'я'],
					mini = 1,
				})
end

local function renderItalicTitle()
	local italicTitle = args['italic title'] and mw.ustring.lower(args['italic title'])
	if italicTitle == '' or italicTitle == 'force' or italicTitle == 'примусово' or italicTitle == 'yes' or italicTitle == 'так' then
		root:wikitext(require('Модуль:Заголовок курсивом')._main({}))
	end
end

-- Categories in otherwise empty rows are collected in empty_row_categories.
-- This function adds them to the module output. It is not affected by
-- args.decat because this module should not prevent module-external categories
-- from rendering.
local function renderEmptyRowCategories()
	for _, s in ipairs(empty_row_categories) do
		root:wikitext(s)
	end
end

-- Render tracking categories. args.nocat == turns off tracking categories.
local function renderTrackingCategories()
	if yesno(args.nocat) then return end
	if yesno(args['вбудовування']) then
		if args['назва'] then
			root:wikitext(
				'[[Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони вбудованої картки з параметром назва]]'
			)
		end
	elseif #(getArgNums('текст')) == 0 and #(getArgNums('вікідані')) == 0 and mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace == 0 then
		root:wikitext('[[Категорія:Статті, що використовують шаблони картка без рядків параметра текст]]')
	end
	if args['ім\'я'] then
		root:wikitext('[[Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони картка з параметром ім\'я' .. (mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace == 10 and '|{' or '') .. ']]')
	end	
	if has_error then
		root:wikitext('[[Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони картка з двома однаковими параметрами]]')
	end
end

--[=[
Loads the templatestyles for the infobox.

TODO: FINISH loading base templatestyles here rather than in
MediaWiki:Common.css. There are 4-5000 pages with 'raw' infobox tables.
See [[Mediawiki_talk:Common.css/to_do#Infobox]] and/or come help :).
When we do this we should clean up the inline CSS below too.
Will have to do some bizarre conversion category like with sidebar.

]=]
local function loadTemplateStyles()
	local frame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
	
	local hlist_templatestyles = ''
	if lists.hlist_t.found then
		hlist_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = lists.hlist_t.styles }
		}
	end
	
	local plainlist_templatestyles = ''
	if lists.plainlist_t.found then
		plainlist_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = lists.plainlist_t.styles }
		}
	end
	
	-- See function description
	local base_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
		name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = 'Модуль:Картка/styles.css' }
	}

	local templatestyles = ''
	if args['стилі_шаблону'] then
		templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = args['стилі_шаблону'] }
		}
	end
	
	local child_templatestyles = ''
	if args['стилі_шаблону вбудовування'] then
		child_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = args['стилі_шаблону вбудовування'] }
		}
	end
	
	local grandchild_templatestyles = ''
	if args['стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування'] then
		grandchild_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = args['стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування'] }
		}
	end
	
	return table.concat({
		-- hlist -&gt; plainlist -&gt; base is best-effort to preserve old Common.css ordering.
		-- this ordering is not a guarantee because the rows of interest invoking
		-- each class may not be on a specific page
		hlist_templatestyles,
		plainlist_templatestyles,
		base_templatestyles,
		templatestyles,
		child_templatestyles,
		grandchild_templatestyles
	})
end

-- common functions between the child and non child cases
local function structure_infobox_common()
	renderSubheaders()
	renderImages()
	preprocessRows()
	renderRows()
	renderBelowRow()
	renderBelowRow('2')
	--	renderNavBar() (тимчасово поки закоментував)
	renderItalicTitle()
	renderEmptyRowCategories()
	renderTrackingCategories()
	cleanInfobox()
end

-- Specify the overall layout of the infobox, with special settings if the
-- infobox is used as a 'child' inside another infobox.
local function _infobox()
	if not yesno(args['вбудовування']) then
		root = mw.html.create('table')
		
		local infoboxWidth = ''
		if args['ширина-картки'] then
			infoboxWidth = &quot;width:&quot; .. args['ширина-картки']
		end
		
		root
			:addClass(yesno(args['підкартка']) and 'infobox-subbox' or 'infobox')
			:addClass(args['клас_тіла'])
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt;
			:cssText(args['стиль_тіла'])
			-- infobox width from a parameter
			:cssText(infoboxWidth)
				has_list_class({ args['клас_тіла'] })

		renderError()
		renderTitle()
		renderAboveRow()
		renderAboveRow('2')
	else
		root = mw.html.create()

		local errorText = has_error and (error_message .. '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br/&gt;') or ''

		root
			:wikitext(errorText)
			:wikitext(args['назва'])
	end
	structure_infobox_common()
	
	return loadTemplateStyles() .. root
end

-- If the argument exists and isn't blank, add it to the argument table.
-- Blank arguments are treated as nil to match the behaviour of ParserFunctions.
local function preprocessSingleArg(argName)
	if origArgs[argName] and origArgs[argName] ~= '' then
		args[argName] = origArgs[argName]
	end
end

local function translateArg(aliasArgName,localArgName)
	-- Функція додає підтримку аліасів параметрів (наприклад, іншою мовою)
	
	-- Додаєм аліас параметра в таблицю аліасів
	-- Для одного параметра може бути кілька аліасів
	-- Нумеровані параметри(текст1 і т.д.) заносяться без номера
	if not 	argsAliases[localArgName] then
		argsAliases[localArgName] = {}
	end
	table.insert(argsAliases[localArgName], aliasArgName)
	
	-- Значення аліасів додаются в таблицю аргументів
    if origArgs[localArgName] and origArgs[localArgName] ~= '' then
    	-- параметр вже заданий на локальній мові
    	-- якщо аліас заданий і не пустий
    	if origArgs[aliasArgName] and origArgs[aliasArgName] ~= '' then
    	--	local message_addon = 'Вказано два однакових параметри &lt;code class=&quot;infobox-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; та &lt;code class=&quot;infobox-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$2=&lt;/code&gt;, тому виведено значення параметра &lt;code class=&quot;infobox-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; ([[Шаблон:Картка#Помилки|довідка]])'
    	--	error_message = error_message .. (has_error and '; ' or '') .. mw.message.newRawMessage(message_addon, localArgName, aliasArgName):plain()
    	--	has_error = true
    	end	
    else
    	-- якщо аліас заданий і не пустий
	    if origArgs[aliasArgName] and origArgs[aliasArgName] ~= '' then
	        origArgs[localArgName] = origArgs[aliasArgName]
	    end
    end
end

-- Assign the parameters with the given prefixes to the args table, in order, in
-- batches of the step size specified. This is to prevent references etc. from
-- appearing in the wrong order. The prefixTable should be an array containing
-- tables, each of which has two possible fields, a &quot;prefix&quot; string and a
-- &quot;depend&quot; table. The function always parses parameters containing the &quot;prefix&quot;
-- string, but only parses parameters in the &quot;depend&quot; table if the prefix
-- parameter is present and non-blank.
local function preprocessArgs(prefixTable, step)
	if type(prefixTable) ~= 'table' then
		error(&quot;Виявлено нетабличне значення для таблиці префіксів&quot;, 2)
	end
	if type(step) ~= 'number' then
		error(&quot;Виявлено недійсне значення параметра кроку&quot;, 2)
	end

	-- Get arguments without a number suffix, and check for bad input.
	for i,v in ipairs(prefixTable) do
		if type(v) ~= 'table' or type(v.prefix) ~= &quot;string&quot; or 
			(v.prefix_trans and type(v.prefix_trans) ~= &quot;string&quot;) or
			(v.depend and type(v.depend) ~= 'table') or
			(v.depend_trans and type(v.depend_trans) ~= 'table') then
			error('Виявлено недійсне значення в таблиці префіксів preprocessArgs', 2)
		end
		
		-- якщо потрібен переклад параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція
		--якщо ні, то відбувається обрабка змінної
		if v.prefix_trans then
			translateArg(v.prefix_trans,v.prefix)
		else
			preprocessSingleArg(v.prefix)
		end	
		-- Only parse the depend parameter if the prefix parameter is present
		-- and not blank.
		if args[v.prefix] and v.depend then
			for j, dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
				if type(dependValue) ~= 'string' then
					error('Виявлено недійсне значення «обов\'язкового» параметра в preprocessArgs')
				end
					preprocessSingleArg(dependValue)
			end
		--якщо потрібен переклад обов'язкових параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція
		elseif origArgs[v.prefix] and v.depend_trans then
			for j, dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
				for k, depend_transValue in ipairs(v.depend_trans) do
					if type(depend_transValue) ~= 'string' or type(dependValue) ~= 'string' then
							error('Виявлено недійсне значення «обов\'язкового» параметра в preprocessArgs')
					end
					translateArg(depend_transValue,dependValue)
				end
			end
		end
	end

	-- Get arguments with number suffixes.
	local a = 1 -- Counter variable.
	local moreArgumentsExist = true
	while moreArgumentsExist == true do
		moreArgumentsExist = false
		for i = a, a + step - 1 do
			for j,v in ipairs(prefixTable) do
				local prefixArgName = v.prefix .. tostring(i)
				-- якщо потрібен переклад параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція
				--якщо ні, то відбувається обрабка змінної
				if v.prefix_trans then
					local prefix_transArgName = v.prefix_trans .. tostring(i)
					if origArgs[prefix_transArgName] then
						moreArgumentsExist = true
						translateArg(prefix_transArgName,prefixArgName)
					end	
				else	
					if origArgs[prefixArgName] then
						-- Do another loop if any arguments are found, even blank ones.
						moreArgumentsExist = true
						preprocessSingleArg(prefixArgName)
					end
				end	
				-- Process the depend table if the prefix argument is present
				-- and not blank, or we are processing &quot;prefix1&quot; and &quot;prefix&quot; is
				-- present and not blank, and if the depend table is present.
				if v.depend and (args[prefixArgName] or (i == 1 and args[v.prefix])) then
					for j,dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
						local dependArgName = dependValue .. tostring(i)
						preprocessSingleArg(dependArgName)
					end
				--якщо потрібен переклад обов'язкових параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція	
				elseif v.depend_trans and (origArgs[prefixArgName] or (i == 1 and origArgs[v.prefix])) then
					for j,dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
						for k,depend_transValue in ipairs(v.depend_trans)  do
							local dependArgName = dependValue .. tostring(i)
							local depend_transArgName = depend_transValue .. tostring(i)
							translateArg(depend_transArgName, dependArgName)
						end	
					end
				end	
			end
		end
		a = a + step
	end
end

-- Parse the data parameters in the same order that the old {{infobox}} did, so
-- that references etc. will display in the expected places. Parameters that
-- depend on another parameter are only processed if that parameter is present,
-- to avoid phantom references appearing in article reference lists.
local function parseDataParameters()

	translateArg('autoheaders','автозаголовки')
	translateArg('child', 'вбудовування')
	translateArg('infobox-width', 'ширина-картки')
	translateArg('bodyclass', 'клас_тіла')
	translateArg('subbox', 'підкартка')
	translateArg('bodystyle', 'стиль_тіла')
	translateArg('title', 'назва')
	translateArg('titleclass', 'клас_назви')
	translateArg('titlestyle', 'стиль_назви')
	translateArg('above', 'угорі')
	translateArg('aboveclass', 'клас_угорі')
	translateArg('abovestyle', 'стиль_угорі')
	translateArg('above2', 'угорі2')
	translateArg('aboveclass2', 'клас_угорі2')
	translateArg('abovestyle2', 'стиль_угорі2')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix_trans = 'subheader', prefix = 'підзаголовок', depend_trans = {'subheaderstyle', 'subheaderrowclass'}, depend = {'стиль_підзаголовок', 'клас_рядка_підзаголовок'}}
	}, 10)
	translateArg('subheaderstyle', 'стиль_підзаголовків')
	translateArg('subheaderclass','клас_підзаголовків')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix_trans = 'image', prefix = 'зображення', depend_trans = {'caption', 'imagerowclass'}, depend = {'підпис', 'клас_рядка_зображення'}}
	}, 10)
	translateArg('captionstyle', 'стиль_підпису')
	translateArg('imagestyle', 'стиль_зображення')
	translateArg('imageclass', 'клас_зображення')
	translateArg('wikidatamodulename','назва_модуля_вікіданих')
	translateArg('parameterswikidata','параметри_вікіданих')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix_trans = 'header', prefix = 'заголовок'},
		{prefix_trans = 'data', prefix = 'текст', depend_trans = {'label'}, depend = {'мітка'}},
		{prefix_trans = 'wikidata', prefix = 'вікідані', depend_trans = {'label', 'parametersrowwikidata'}, depend = {'мітка', 'параметри_рядка_вікіданих' }},
		{prefix_trans = 'rowclass', prefix = 'клас_рядка'},
		{prefix_trans = 'rowstyle', prefix = 'стиль_рядка'},
		{prefix_trans = 'rowcellstyle', prefix = 'стиль_комірки_рядка'},
		{prefix_trans = 'class', prefix = 'клас'}
	}, 100)
	translateArg('headerclass', 'клас_заголовків')
	translateArg('headerstyle', 'стиль_заголовків')
	translateArg('labelstyle', 'стиль_міток')
	translateArg('datastyle', 'стиль_тексту')
	translateArg('below', 'внизу')
	translateArg('belowclass', 'клас_внизу')
	translateArg('belowstyle', 'стиль_внизу')
	translateArg('below2', 'внизу2')
	translateArg('belowclass2', 'клас_внизу2')
	translateArg('belowstyle2', 'стиль_внизу2')
	translateArg('name', 'ім\'я')
	translateArg('decat', 'nocat')
	translateArg('templatestyles', 'стилі_шаблону')
	translateArg('child templatestyles', 'стилі_шаблону вбудовування')
	translateArg('grandchild templatestyles', 'стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування')


	preprocessSingleArg('автозаголовки')
	preprocessSingleArg('вбудовування')
	preprocessSingleArg('ширина-картки')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_тіла')
	preprocessSingleArg('підкартка')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_тіла')
	preprocessSingleArg('назва')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_назви')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_назви')
	preprocessSingleArg('угорі')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_угорі')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_угорі')
	preprocessSingleArg('угорі2')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_угорі2')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_угорі2')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix = 'підзаголовок', depend = {'стиль_підзаголовок', 'клас_рядка_підзаголовок'}}
	}, 10)
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_підзаголовків')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_підзаголовків')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix = 'зображення', depend = {'підпис', 'клас_рядка_зображення'}}
	}, 10)
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_підпису')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_зображення')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_зображення')
	preprocessSingleArg('назва_модуля_вікіданих')
	processParamsFromArg(origArgs['параметри_вікіданих'], 'wikidata', true)
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix = 'заголовок'},
		{prefix = 'текст', depend = {'мітка'}},
		{prefix = 'вікідані', depend = {'мітка', 'параметри_рядка_вікіданих'}},
		{prefix = 'клас_рядка'},
		{prefix = 'стиль_рядка'},
		{prefix = 'стиль_комірки_рядка'},
		{prefix = 'клас'}
	}, 100)
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_заголовків')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_заголовків')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_міток')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_тексту')
	preprocessSingleArg('внизу')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_внизу')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_внизу')
	preprocessSingleArg('внизу2')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_внизу2')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_внизу2')
	preprocessSingleArg('ім\'я')
	-- different behaviour for italics if blank or absent
	args['italic title'] = origArgs['назва_курсивом'] or origArgs['italic title']
	preprocessSingleArg('nocat')
	preprocessSingleArg('стилі_шаблону')
	preprocessSingleArg('стилі_шаблону вбудовування')
	preprocessSingleArg('стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування')
end

-- If called via #invoke, use the args passed into the invoking template.
-- Otherwise, for testing purposes, assume args are being passed directly in.
function p.infobox(frame)
	if frame == mw.getCurrentFrame() then
		origArgs = frame:getParent().args
	else
		origArgs = frame
	end
	
	parseDataParameters()
	
	return _infobox()
end

-- For calling via #invoke within a template
function p.infoboxTemplate(frame)
	origArgs = {}
	for k,v in pairs(frame.args) do origArgs[k] = mw.text.trim(v) end
	
	parseDataParameters()
	
	return _infobox()
end
return p</text>
      <sha1>5xlqms3jy1vjfxkn1meotuucs33q3rj</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>7305468</id>
      <parentid>7305446</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:52:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7305468</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="37871" sha1="iqqopqvwa1zrtawc0ju2rbwny1568be" xml:space="preserve">--
-- Модуль для реалізації шаблону {{Wp/buk/Картка}}
--

local p = {}
local args = {}
local argsAliases = {}
local origArgs = {}
local root
local yesno = require(&quot;Module:Yesno&quot;)
local empty_row_categories = {}
local category_in_empty_row_pattern = '%[%[%s*[Cc][Aa][Tt][Ee][Gg][Oo][Rr][Yy]%s*:[^]]*%]%]'
local category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk = '%[%[%s*[Кк][Аа][Тт][Ее][Гг][Оо][Рр][Іі][Яя]%s*:[^]]*%]%]'
local has_rows = false
local has_error = false
local error_message = '&lt;span class=&quot;error&quot; style=&quot;font-size:100%&quot;&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;{{[[Wp/buk/Шаблон:Картка|Картка]]}}&lt;/kbd&gt;: '
local lists = {
	plainlist_t = {
		patterns = {
			'^plainlist$',
			'%splainlist$',
			'^plainlist%s',
			'%splainlist%s'
		},
		found = false,
		styles = 'Plainlist/styles.css'
	},
	hlist_t = {
		patterns = {
			'^hlist$',
			'%shlist$',
			'^hlist%s',
			'%shlist%s'
		},
		found = false,
		styles = 'Hlist/styles.css'
	}
}

local function has_list_class(args_to_check)
	for _, list in pairs(lists) do
		if not list.found then
			for _, arg in pairs(args_to_check) do
				for _, pattern in ipairs(list.patterns) do
					if mw.ustring.find(arg or '', pattern) then
						list.found = true
						break
					end
				end
				if list.found then break end
			end
		end
	end
end

local function isUntitledChildBox(sval)
	return sval and ( sval:match( '^%s*&lt;%s*[Tt][Rr]' ) or sval:match( '^%s*\127[^\127]*UNIQ%-%-templatestyles%-%x+%-QINU[^\127]*\127%s*&lt;%s*[Tt][Rr]' ) )
end

local function fixChildBoxes(sval, tt)
	local function notempty( s ) return s and s:match( '%S' ) end
	
	if notempty(sval) then
		local marker = '&lt;span class=special_infobox_marker&gt;'
		local s = sval
		-- start moving templatestyles and categories inside of table rows
		local slast = ''
		while slast ~= s do
			slast = s
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;%s*)(%[%[%s*[Cc][Aa][Tt][Ee][Gg][Oo][Rr][Yy]%s*:[^]]*%]%])', '%2%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;%s*)(%[%[%s*[Кк][Аа][Тт][Ее][Гг][Оо][Рр][Іі][Яя]%s*:[^]]*%]%])', '%2%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;%s*)(\127[^\127]*UNIQ%-%-templatestyles%-%x+%-QINU[^\127]*\127)', '%2%1')
		end
		-- end moving templatestyles and categories inside of table rows
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;%s*[Tt][Rr])', marker .. '%1')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Tt][Rr]%s*&gt;)', '%1' .. marker)
		if s:match(marker) then
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '%s*' .. marker, '')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '([\r\n]|-[^\r\n]*[\r\n])%s*' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '%s*([\r\n]|-)', '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;/[Cc][Aa][Pp][Tt][Ii][Oo][Nn]%s*&gt;%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '(&lt;%s*[Tt][Aa][Bb][Ll][Ee][^&lt;&gt;]*&gt;%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^(%{|[^\r\n]*[\r\n]%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '([\r\n]%{|[^\r\n]*[\r\n]%s*)' .. marker, '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '(%s*&lt;/[Tt][Aa][Bb][Ll][Ee]%s*&gt;)', '%1')
			s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, marker .. '(%s*\n|%})', '%1')
		end
		if s:match(marker) then
			local subcells = mw.text.split(s, marker)
			s = ''
			for k = 1, #subcells do
				if k == 1 then
					s = s .. subcells[k] .. '&lt;/' .. tt .. '&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;'
				elseif k == #subcells then
					local rowstyle = ' style=&quot;display:none&quot;'
					if notempty(subcells[k]) then rowstyle = ''	end
					s = s .. '&lt;tr' .. rowstyle ..'&gt;&lt;' .. tt .. ' colspan=2&gt;\n' ..
						subcells[k]
				elseif notempty(subcells[k]) then
					if (k % 2) == 0 then
						s = s .. subcells[k]
					else
						s = s .. '&lt;tr&gt;&lt;' .. tt .. ' colspan=2&gt;\n' ..
							subcells[k] .. '&lt;/' .. tt .. '&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;'
					end
				end
			end
		end
		-- the next two lines add a newline at the end of lists for the PHP parser
		-- [[Special:Diff/849054481]]
		-- remove when [[:phab:T191516]] is fixed or OBE
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '([\r\n][%*#;:][^\r\n]*)$', '%1\n')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^([%*#;:][^\r\n]*)$', '%1\n')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^([%*#;:])', '\n%1')
		s = mw.ustring.gsub(s, '^(%{%|)', '\n%1')
		return s
	else
		return sval
	end
end

-- Cleans empty tables
local function cleanInfobox()
	root = tostring(root)
	if has_rows == false then
		root = mw.ustring.gsub(root, '&lt;table[^&lt;&gt;]*&gt;%s*&lt;/table&gt;', '')
	end
end

-- Returns the union of the values of two tables, as a sequence.
local function union(t1, t2, t3)

	local vals = {}
	for k, v in pairs(t1) do
		vals[v] = true
	end
	for k, v in pairs(t2) do
		vals[v] = true
	end
	if t3 then
		for k, v in pairs(t3) do
			vals[v] = true
		end
	end
	local ret = {}
	for k, v in pairs(vals) do
		table.insert(ret, k)
	end
	return ret
end

local function processParamsFromArg (paramList, paramType, is_global)
	local paramName = ('wikidata' == paramType) and 'параметри_вікіданих' or 'параметри_зображення_картки'
	
	local paramsArgs = {}
	if paramList and paramList ~= '' then
--		local allowedParams = getAllowedList(paramType)
		
		for item in paramList:gmatch(&quot;(%S+%s*%S+);%s*&quot;) do
			local param, arg = mw.ustring.match(item, &quot;^(%S+):%s*(%S+)&quot;)
--			for k, v in ipairs(allowedParams) do								--чи тут потрібна взагалі перевірка на підтримувані параметри?
--				if v == param then
					paramsArgs[param] = arg
--				end
--			end	
		end
		
		if is_global then
			args[paramName] = paramsArgs
			return ''
		end
	end

	if args[paramName] and args[paramName] ~= '' then
		for param, arg in pairs(args[paramName]) do
			if not paramsArgs[param] or paramsArgs[param] == '' then
				paramsArgs[param] = arg
			end	
		end	
	end	
	
	return is_global and '' or paramsArgs
end

local function processWikidata(text, element, wdParams)
	
	if element then
		
		if args['назва_модуля_вікіданих'] and args['назва_модуля_вікіданих']:lower() == 'wikidataib' then
			local wikidata = require(&quot;Module:WikidataIB&quot;)
			
			local wdArgs = processParamsFromArg(wdParams, 'wikidata')
				
			wdArgs[1] = element:upper()
			wdArgs[2] = text
			
			local temptext
			
			if wdArgs['function'] and wdArgs['function'] ~= 'getValue' then
				local wdFrame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
				if wdArgs['function'] == 'getCoords' then
					wdArgs[1] = text
					wdArgs[2] = ''
				end	
				wdFrame.args = wdArgs
				temptext = wikidata[wdArgs['function']](wdFrame)
			else
				temptext = wikidata._getValue(wdArgs)
			end	
			
			if temptext and wdArgs.ref == &quot;yes&quot; then
				local wd = require(&quot;Module:wd&quot;)
				
				temptext = temptext .. wd._references({'normal+', wdArgs.qid or '', element})
			end	
			
			text = temptext
			
		elseif args['назва_модуля_вікіданих'] and args['назва_модуля_вікіданих']:lower() == 'wikidata1' then
			local wdFrame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
			local wikidata = require(&quot;Module:Wikidata1&quot;)
			wdFrame.args = {}
			local wdfunction
			
			if origArgs['qid'] and origArgs['qid'] ~= '' then
				wdFrame.args[1] = origArgs['qid']
				wdFrame.args[2] = element:upper()
				wdFrame.args[3] = text
				wdfunction = 'getValueFromID'
			else	
				wdFrame.args[1] = element:upper()
				wdFrame.args[2] = text
				wdfunction = 'getValue'
			end	
			
			text = wikidata[wdfunction](wdFrame)
		else
			local wdFrame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
			local wikidata = require(&quot;Module:Wikidata&quot;)
		
			wdFrame.args = {
				property = element,
				value = text,
				from = origArgs[ 'from' ] or ''
			}
		
			text = wikidata.formatProperty(wdFrame)
		end	
	end
	
	return text
end

-- Returns a table containing the numbers of the arguments that exist
-- for the specified prefix. For example, if the prefix was 'data', and
-- 'data1', 'data2', and 'data5' exist, it would return {1, 2, 5}.
local function getArgNums(prefix)
	local nums = {}
	for k, v in pairs(args) do
		local num = tostring(k):match('^' .. prefix .. '([1-9]%d*)$')
		if num then table.insert(nums, tonumber(num)) end
	end
	table.sort(nums)
	return nums
end

-- Adds a row to the infobox, with either a header cell
-- or a label/data cell combination.
local function addRow(rowArgs)
	
	if rowArgs.header and rowArgs.header ~= '_BLANK_' then
		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ rowArgs.rowclass, rowArgs.class, args['клас_заголовків'] })
		
		root
			:tag('tr')
				:addClass(rowArgs.rowclass)
				:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(rowArgs.header) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)
				:cssText(rowArgs.rowstyle)
				:tag('th')
					:attr('colspan', '2')
					:addClass('infobox-header')
					:addClass(rowArgs.class)
					:addClass(args['клас_заголовків'])
					-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-header
					:cssText(args['стиль_заголовків'])
					:cssText(rowArgs.rowcellstyle)
					:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(rowArgs.header, 'th'))
		if rowArgs.data and not yesno(args.nocat) then
			root:wikitext(
				'[[Wp/buk/Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони картка з проігнорованими комірками параметра текст]]'
			)
		end
	elseif rowArgs.data and mw.ustring.gsub(rowArgs.data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('^%S') then
		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ rowArgs.rowclass, rowArgs.class })
		
		local row = root:tag('tr')
		row:addClass(rowArgs.rowclass)
		row:cssText(rowArgs.rowstyle)
		if rowArgs.label then
			row
				:tag('th')
					:attr('scope', 'row')
					:addClass('infobox-label')
					-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-label
					:cssText(args['стиль_міток'])
					:cssText(rowArgs.rowcellstyle)
					:wikitext(rowArgs.label)
					:done()
		else
			row:addClass( isUntitledChildBox( rowArgs.data ) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil )
		end
		
		if rowArgs.data == '----' then											--Так як при переході на модуль перестали працювати чотири дефіси
			rowArgs.data = '&lt;hr/&gt;'												--тому робимо їхню заміну на '&lt;hr/&gt;'
		end	

		local dataCell = row:tag('td')
		dataCell
			:attr('colspan', not rowArgs.label and '2' or nil)
			:addClass(not rowArgs.label and 'infobox-full-data' or 'infobox-data')
			:addClass(rowArgs.class)
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox(-full)-data
			:cssText(rowArgs.datastyle)
			:cssText(rowArgs.rowcellstyle)
			:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(rowArgs.data, 'td'))
	else
		table.insert(empty_row_categories, rowArgs.data or '')
	end
end

local function renderError()
	if not has_error then return end
	
	local errorText = error_message .. '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'
	
	root
		:tag('caption')
			:addClass('infobox-title')
			:wikitext(errorText)
end	

local function renderTitle()
	if not args['назва'] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({args['клас_назви']})
	
	root
		:tag('caption')
			:addClass('infobox-title')
			:addClass(args['клас_назви'])
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-title
			:cssText(args['стиль_назви'])
			:wikitext(args['назва'])
	
end

local function renderAboveRow(iteration_number)
	iteration_number = iteration_number or ''
	if not args['угорі' .. iteration_number] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({ args['клас_угорі' .. iteration_number] })
	
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(args['угорі' .. iteration_number]) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)
			:tag('th')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-above')
				:addClass(args['клас_угорі' .. iteration_number])
				-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-above
				:cssText(args['стиль_угорі' .. iteration_number])
				:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(args['угорі' .. iteration_number],'th'))
end

local function renderBelowRow(iteration_number)
	iteration_number = iteration_number or ''
	if not args['внизу' .. iteration_number] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({ args['клас_внизу' .. iteration_number] })
	
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(args['внизу' .. iteration_number]) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)
			:tag('td')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-below')
				:addClass(args['клас_внизу' .. iteration_number])
				-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-below
				:cssText(args['стиль_внизу' .. iteration_number])
				:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(args['внизу' .. iteration_number],'td'))
end

local function renderBelowRow2()
	if not args['внизу2'] then return end

	has_rows = true
	has_list_class({ args['клас_внизу2'] })
	
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:tag('td')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-below')
				:addClass(args['клас_внизу2'])
				-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-below
				:cssText(args['стиль_внизу2'])
				:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(args['внизу2'],'td'))
end

local function addSubheaderRow(subheaderArgs)
	if subheaderArgs.data and
		mw.ustring.gsub(subheaderArgs.data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('^%S') then
		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ subheaderArgs.rowclass, subheaderArgs.class })
		
		local row = root:tag('tr')
		row:addClass(subheaderArgs.rowclass)
		row:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(subheaderArgs.data) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)

		local dataCell = row:tag('td')
		dataCell
			:attr('colspan', '2')
			:addClass('infobox-subheader')
			:addClass(subheaderArgs.class)
			:cssText(subheaderArgs.datastyle)
			:cssText(subheaderArgs.rowcellstyle)
			:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(subheaderArgs.data, 'td'))
	else
		table.insert(empty_row_categories, subheaderArgs.data or '')
	end
end

local function renderSubheaders()
	if args['підзаголовок'] then
		args['підзаголовок1'] = args['підзаголовок']
	end
	if args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок'] then
		args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок1'] = args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок'] 
	end
	local subheadernums = getArgNums('підзаголовок')
	for k, num in ipairs(subheadernums) do
		addSubheaderRow({
			data = args['підзаголовок' .. tostring(num)],
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-subheader
			datastyle = args['стиль_підзаголовок'] or args['стиль_підзаголовоків'],
			rowcellstyle = args['стиль_підзаголовок' .. tostring(num)],
			class = args['клас_підзаголовоків'],
			rowclass = args['клас_рядка_підзаголовок' .. tostring(num)]
		})
	end
end

local function addImageRow(imageArgs)

	if imageArgs.data and
		mw.ustring.gsub(imageArgs.data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('^%S') then

		has_rows = true
		has_list_class({ imageArgs.rowclass, imageArgs.class })
		
		local row = root:tag('tr')
		row:addClass(imageArgs.rowclass)
		row:addClass(isUntitledChildBox(imageArgs.data) and 'infobox-hiddenrow' or nil)

		local dataCell = row:tag('td')
		dataCell
			:attr('colspan', '2')
			:addClass('infobox-image')
			:addClass(imageArgs.class)
			:cssText(imageArgs.datastyle)
			:wikitext(fixChildBoxes(imageArgs.data, 'td'))
	else
		table.insert(empty_row_categories, imageArgs.data or '')
	end
end

local function renderImages()
	if args['зображення'] then
		args['зображення1'] = args['зображення']
	end
	if args['підпис'] then
		args['підпис1'] = args['підпис']
	end
	local imagenums = getArgNums('зображення')
	for k, num in ipairs(imagenums) do
		local caption = args['підпис' .. tostring(num)]
		local data = mw.html.create():wikitext(args['зображення' .. tostring(num)])
		if caption then
			data
				:tag('div')
					:addClass('infobox-caption')
					-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-caption
					:cssText(args['стиль_підпису'])
					:wikitext(caption)
		end
		addImageRow({
			data = tostring(data),
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; .infobox-image
			datastyle = args['стиль_зображення'],
			class = args['клас_зображення'],
			rowclass = args['клас_рядка_зображення' .. tostring(num)]
		})
	end
end

-- When autoheaders are turned on, preprocesses the rows
local function preprocessRows()
	if not args['автозаголовки'] then return end
	
	local rownums = union(getArgNums('заголовок'), getArgNums('текст'), getArgNums('вікідані'))
	table.sort(rownums)
	local lastheader
	for k, num in ipairs(rownums) do
		if args['заголовок' .. tostring(num)] then
			if lastheader then
				args['заголовок' .. tostring(lastheader)] = nil
			end
			lastheader = num
		elseif (args['текст' .. tostring(num)] and
			mw.ustring.gsub(args['текст' .. tostring(num)]:gsub(
				category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''
			),
				category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''
			):match('^%S')) or (args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)]
		and mw.ustring.gsub(args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)]:gsub(
				category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''
			),
				category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''
			):match('^%S'))
		then
			local data = processWikidata(args['текст' .. tostring(num)], args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)], args['параметри_рядка_вікіданих' .. tostring(num)])
			if data and mw.ustring.gsub(data:gsub(category_in_empty_row_pattern, ''), category_in_empty_row_pattern_uk, ''):match('%S') then
				lastheader = nil
			end
		end
	end
	if lastheader then
		args['заголовок' .. tostring(lastheader)] = nil
	end
end

-- Gets the union of the header and data argument numbers,
-- and renders them all in order
local function renderRows()

	local rownums = union(getArgNums('заголовок'), getArgNums('текст'), getArgNums('вікідані'))
	table.sort(rownums)
	for k, num in ipairs(rownums) do
		addRow({
			header = args['заголовок' .. tostring(num)],
			label = args['мітка' .. tostring(num)],
			data = processWikidata(args['текст' .. tostring(num)], args['вікідані' .. tostring(num)], args['параметри_рядка_вікіданих' .. tostring(num)]),
			datastyle = args['стиль_тексту'],
			class = args['клас' .. tostring(num)],
			rowclass = args['клас_рядка' .. tostring(num)],
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt; rowclass
			rowstyle = args['стиль_рядка' .. tostring(num)],
			rowcellstyle = args['стиль_комірки_рядка' .. tostring(num)]
		})
	end
end

local function renderNavBar()
	if not args['ім\'я'] then return end

	has_rows = true
	root
		:tag('tr')
			:tag('td')
				:attr('colspan', '2')
				:addClass('infobox-navbar')
				:wikitext(require('Module:Navbar')._navbar{
					args['ім\'я'],
					mini = 1,
				})
end

local function renderItalicTitle()
	local italicTitle = args['italic title'] and mw.ustring.lower(args['italic title'])
	if italicTitle == '' or italicTitle == 'force' or italicTitle == 'примусово' or italicTitle == 'yes' or italicTitle == 'так' then
		root:wikitext(require('Module:Заголовок курсивом')._main({}))
	end
end

-- Categories in otherwise empty rows are collected in empty_row_categories.
-- This function adds them to the module output. It is not affected by
-- args.decat because this module should not prevent module-external categories
-- from rendering.
local function renderEmptyRowCategories()
	for _, s in ipairs(empty_row_categories) do
		root:wikitext(s)
	end
end

-- Render tracking categories. args.nocat == turns off tracking categories.
local function renderTrackingCategories()
	if yesno(args.nocat) then return end
	if yesno(args['вбудовування']) then
		if args['назва'] then
			root:wikitext(
				'[[Wp/buk/Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони вбудованої картки з параметром назва]]'
			)
		end
	elseif #(getArgNums('текст')) == 0 and #(getArgNums('вікідані')) == 0 and mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace == 0 then
		root:wikitext('[[Категорія:Статті, що використовують шаблони картка без рядків параметра текст]]')
	end
	if args['ім\'я'] then
		root:wikitext('[[Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони картка з параметром ім\'я' .. (mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace == 10 and '|{' or '') .. ']]')
	end	
	if has_error then
		root:wikitext('[[Категорія:Сторінки, що використовують шаблони картка з двома однаковими параметрами]]')
	end
end

--[=[
Loads the templatestyles for the infobox.

TODO: FINISH loading base templatestyles here rather than in
MediaWiki:Common.css. There are 4-5000 pages with 'raw' infobox tables.
See [[Mediawiki_talk:Common.css/to_do#Infobox]] and/or come help :).
When we do this we should clean up the inline CSS below too.
Will have to do some bizarre conversion category like with sidebar.

]=]
local function loadTemplateStyles()
	local frame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
	
	local hlist_templatestyles = ''
	if lists.hlist_t.found then
		hlist_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = lists.hlist_t.styles }
		}
	end
	
	local plainlist_templatestyles = ''
	if lists.plainlist_t.found then
		plainlist_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = lists.plainlist_t.styles }
		}
	end
	
	-- See function description
	local base_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
		name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = 'Module:Wp/buk/Картка/styles.css' }
	}

	local templatestyles = ''
	if args['стилі_шаблону'] then
		templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = args['стилі_шаблону'] }
		}
	end
	
	local child_templatestyles = ''
	if args['стилі_шаблону вбудовування'] then
		child_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = args['стилі_шаблону вбудовування'] }
		}
	end
	
	local grandchild_templatestyles = ''
	if args['стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування'] then
		grandchild_templatestyles = frame:extensionTag{
			name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = args['стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування'] }
		}
	end
	
	return table.concat({
		-- hlist -&gt; plainlist -&gt; base is best-effort to preserve old Common.css ordering.
		-- this ordering is not a guarantee because the rows of interest invoking
		-- each class may not be on a specific page
		hlist_templatestyles,
		plainlist_templatestyles,
		base_templatestyles,
		templatestyles,
		child_templatestyles,
		grandchild_templatestyles
	})
end

-- common functions between the child and non child cases
local function structure_infobox_common()
	renderSubheaders()
	renderImages()
	preprocessRows()
	renderRows()
	renderBelowRow()
	renderBelowRow('2')
	--	renderNavBar() (тимчасово поки закоментував)
	renderItalicTitle()
	renderEmptyRowCategories()
	renderTrackingCategories()
	cleanInfobox()
end

-- Specify the overall layout of the infobox, with special settings if the
-- infobox is used as a 'child' inside another infobox.
local function _infobox()
	if not yesno(args['вбудовування']) then
		root = mw.html.create('table')
		
		local infoboxWidth = ''
		if args['ширина-картки'] then
			infoboxWidth = &quot;width:&quot; .. args['ширина-картки']
		end
		
		root
			:addClass(yesno(args['підкартка']) and 'infobox-subbox' or 'infobox')
			:addClass(args['клас_тіла'])
			-- @deprecated next; target .infobox-&lt;name&gt;
			:cssText(args['стиль_тіла'])
			-- infobox width from a parameter
			:cssText(infoboxWidth)
				has_list_class({ args['клас_тіла'] })

		renderError()
		renderTitle()
		renderAboveRow()
		renderAboveRow('2')
	else
		root = mw.html.create()

		local errorText = has_error and (error_message .. '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br/&gt;') or ''

		root
			:wikitext(errorText)
			:wikitext(args['назва'])
	end
	structure_infobox_common()
	
	return loadTemplateStyles() .. root
end

-- If the argument exists and isn't blank, add it to the argument table.
-- Blank arguments are treated as nil to match the behaviour of ParserFunctions.
local function preprocessSingleArg(argName)
	if origArgs[argName] and origArgs[argName] ~= '' then
		args[argName] = origArgs[argName]
	end
end

local function translateArg(aliasArgName,localArgName)
	-- Функція додає підтримку аліасів параметрів (наприклад, іншою мовою)
	
	-- Додаєм аліас параметра в таблицю аліасів
	-- Для одного параметра може бути кілька аліасів
	-- Нумеровані параметри(текст1 і т.д.) заносяться без номера
	if not 	argsAliases[localArgName] then
		argsAliases[localArgName] = {}
	end
	table.insert(argsAliases[localArgName], aliasArgName)
	
	-- Значення аліасів додаются в таблицю аргументів
    if origArgs[localArgName] and origArgs[localArgName] ~= '' then
    	-- параметр вже заданий на локальній мові
    	-- якщо аліас заданий і не пустий
    	if origArgs[aliasArgName] and origArgs[aliasArgName] ~= '' then
    	--	local message_addon = 'Вказано два однакових параметри &lt;code class=&quot;infobox-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; та &lt;code class=&quot;infobox-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$2=&lt;/code&gt;, тому виведено значення параметра &lt;code class=&quot;infobox-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; ([[Шаблон:Картка#Помилки|довідка]])'
    	--	error_message = error_message .. (has_error and '; ' or '') .. mw.message.newRawMessage(message_addon, localArgName, aliasArgName):plain()
    	--	has_error = true
    	end	
    else
    	-- якщо аліас заданий і не пустий
	    if origArgs[aliasArgName] and origArgs[aliasArgName] ~= '' then
	        origArgs[localArgName] = origArgs[aliasArgName]
	    end
    end
end

-- Assign the parameters with the given prefixes to the args table, in order, in
-- batches of the step size specified. This is to prevent references etc. from
-- appearing in the wrong order. The prefixTable should be an array containing
-- tables, each of which has two possible fields, a &quot;prefix&quot; string and a
-- &quot;depend&quot; table. The function always parses parameters containing the &quot;prefix&quot;
-- string, but only parses parameters in the &quot;depend&quot; table if the prefix
-- parameter is present and non-blank.
local function preprocessArgs(prefixTable, step)
	if type(prefixTable) ~= 'table' then
		error(&quot;Виявлено нетабличне значення для таблиці префіксів&quot;, 2)
	end
	if type(step) ~= 'number' then
		error(&quot;Виявлено недійсне значення параметра кроку&quot;, 2)
	end

	-- Get arguments without a number suffix, and check for bad input.
	for i,v in ipairs(prefixTable) do
		if type(v) ~= 'table' or type(v.prefix) ~= &quot;string&quot; or 
			(v.prefix_trans and type(v.prefix_trans) ~= &quot;string&quot;) or
			(v.depend and type(v.depend) ~= 'table') or
			(v.depend_trans and type(v.depend_trans) ~= 'table') then
			error('Виявлено недійсне значення в таблиці префіксів preprocessArgs', 2)
		end
		
		-- якщо потрібен переклад параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція
		--якщо ні, то відбувається обрабка змінної
		if v.prefix_trans then
			translateArg(v.prefix_trans,v.prefix)
		else
			preprocessSingleArg(v.prefix)
		end	
		-- Only parse the depend parameter if the prefix parameter is present
		-- and not blank.
		if args[v.prefix] and v.depend then
			for j, dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
				if type(dependValue) ~= 'string' then
					error('Виявлено недійсне значення «обов\'язкового» параметра в preprocessArgs')
				end
					preprocessSingleArg(dependValue)
			end
		--якщо потрібен переклад обов'язкових параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція
		elseif origArgs[v.prefix] and v.depend_trans then
			for j, dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
				for k, depend_transValue in ipairs(v.depend_trans) do
					if type(depend_transValue) ~= 'string' or type(dependValue) ~= 'string' then
							error('Виявлено недійсне значення «обов\'язкового» параметра в preprocessArgs')
					end
					translateArg(depend_transValue,dependValue)
				end
			end
		end
	end

	-- Get arguments with number suffixes.
	local a = 1 -- Counter variable.
	local moreArgumentsExist = true
	while moreArgumentsExist == true do
		moreArgumentsExist = false
		for i = a, a + step - 1 do
			for j,v in ipairs(prefixTable) do
				local prefixArgName = v.prefix .. tostring(i)
				-- якщо потрібен переклад параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція
				--якщо ні, то відбувається обрабка змінної
				if v.prefix_trans then
					local prefix_transArgName = v.prefix_trans .. tostring(i)
					if origArgs[prefix_transArgName] then
						moreArgumentsExist = true
						translateArg(prefix_transArgName,prefixArgName)
					end	
				else	
					if origArgs[prefixArgName] then
						-- Do another loop if any arguments are found, even blank ones.
						moreArgumentsExist = true
						preprocessSingleArg(prefixArgName)
					end
				end	
				-- Process the depend table if the prefix argument is present
				-- and not blank, or we are processing &quot;prefix1&quot; and &quot;prefix&quot; is
				-- present and not blank, and if the depend table is present.
				if v.depend and (args[prefixArgName] or (i == 1 and args[v.prefix])) then
					for j,dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
						local dependArgName = dependValue .. tostring(i)
						preprocessSingleArg(dependArgName)
					end
				--якщо потрібен переклад обов'язкових параметрів, то викликається відповідна функція	
				elseif v.depend_trans and (origArgs[prefixArgName] or (i == 1 and origArgs[v.prefix])) then
					for j,dependValue in ipairs(v.depend) do
						for k,depend_transValue in ipairs(v.depend_trans)  do
							local dependArgName = dependValue .. tostring(i)
							local depend_transArgName = depend_transValue .. tostring(i)
							translateArg(depend_transArgName, dependArgName)
						end	
					end
				end	
			end
		end
		a = a + step
	end
end

-- Parse the data parameters in the same order that the old {{infobox}} did, so
-- that references etc. will display in the expected places. Parameters that
-- depend on another parameter are only processed if that parameter is present,
-- to avoid phantom references appearing in article reference lists.
local function parseDataParameters()

	translateArg('autoheaders','автозаголовки')
	translateArg('child', 'вбудовування')
	translateArg('infobox-width', 'ширина-картки')
	translateArg('bodyclass', 'клас_тіла')
	translateArg('subbox', 'підкартка')
	translateArg('bodystyle', 'стиль_тіла')
	translateArg('title', 'назва')
	translateArg('titleclass', 'клас_назви')
	translateArg('titlestyle', 'стиль_назви')
	translateArg('above', 'угорі')
	translateArg('aboveclass', 'клас_угорі')
	translateArg('abovestyle', 'стиль_угорі')
	translateArg('above2', 'угорі2')
	translateArg('aboveclass2', 'клас_угорі2')
	translateArg('abovestyle2', 'стиль_угорі2')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix_trans = 'subheader', prefix = 'підзаголовок', depend_trans = {'subheaderstyle', 'subheaderrowclass'}, depend = {'стиль_підзаголовок', 'клас_рядка_підзаголовок'}}
	}, 10)
	translateArg('subheaderstyle', 'стиль_підзаголовків')
	translateArg('subheaderclass','клас_підзаголовків')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix_trans = 'image', prefix = 'зображення', depend_trans = {'caption', 'imagerowclass'}, depend = {'підпис', 'клас_рядка_зображення'}}
	}, 10)
	translateArg('captionstyle', 'стиль_підпису')
	translateArg('imagestyle', 'стиль_зображення')
	translateArg('imageclass', 'клас_зображення')
	translateArg('wikidatamodulename','назва_модуля_вікіданих')
	translateArg('parameterswikidata','параметри_вікіданих')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix_trans = 'header', prefix = 'заголовок'},
		{prefix_trans = 'data', prefix = 'текст', depend_trans = {'label'}, depend = {'мітка'}},
		{prefix_trans = 'wikidata', prefix = 'вікідані', depend_trans = {'label', 'parametersrowwikidata'}, depend = {'мітка', 'параметри_рядка_вікіданих' }},
		{prefix_trans = 'rowclass', prefix = 'клас_рядка'},
		{prefix_trans = 'rowstyle', prefix = 'стиль_рядка'},
		{prefix_trans = 'rowcellstyle', prefix = 'стиль_комірки_рядка'},
		{prefix_trans = 'class', prefix = 'клас'}
	}, 100)
	translateArg('headerclass', 'клас_заголовків')
	translateArg('headerstyle', 'стиль_заголовків')
	translateArg('labelstyle', 'стиль_міток')
	translateArg('datastyle', 'стиль_тексту')
	translateArg('below', 'внизу')
	translateArg('belowclass', 'клас_внизу')
	translateArg('belowstyle', 'стиль_внизу')
	translateArg('below2', 'внизу2')
	translateArg('belowclass2', 'клас_внизу2')
	translateArg('belowstyle2', 'стиль_внизу2')
	translateArg('name', 'ім\'я')
	translateArg('decat', 'nocat')
	translateArg('templatestyles', 'стилі_шаблону')
	translateArg('child templatestyles', 'стилі_шаблону вбудовування')
	translateArg('grandchild templatestyles', 'стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування')


	preprocessSingleArg('автозаголовки')
	preprocessSingleArg('вбудовування')
	preprocessSingleArg('ширина-картки')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_тіла')
	preprocessSingleArg('підкартка')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_тіла')
	preprocessSingleArg('назва')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_назви')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_назви')
	preprocessSingleArg('угорі')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_угорі')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_угорі')
	preprocessSingleArg('угорі2')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_угорі2')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_угорі2')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix = 'підзаголовок', depend = {'стиль_підзаголовок', 'клас_рядка_підзаголовок'}}
	}, 10)
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_підзаголовків')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_підзаголовків')
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix = 'зображення', depend = {'підпис', 'клас_рядка_зображення'}}
	}, 10)
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_підпису')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_зображення')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_зображення')
	preprocessSingleArg('назва_модуля_вікіданих')
	processParamsFromArg(origArgs['параметри_вікіданих'], 'wikidata', true)
	preprocessArgs({
		{prefix = 'заголовок'},
		{prefix = 'текст', depend = {'мітка'}},
		{prefix = 'вікідані', depend = {'мітка', 'параметри_рядка_вікіданих'}},
		{prefix = 'клас_рядка'},
		{prefix = 'стиль_рядка'},
		{prefix = 'стиль_комірки_рядка'},
		{prefix = 'клас'}
	}, 100)
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_заголовків')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_заголовків')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_міток')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_тексту')
	preprocessSingleArg('внизу')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_внизу')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_внизу')
	preprocessSingleArg('внизу2')
	preprocessSingleArg('клас_внизу2')
	preprocessSingleArg('стиль_внизу2')
	preprocessSingleArg('ім\'я')
	-- different behaviour for italics if blank or absent
	args['italic title'] = origArgs['назва_курсивом'] or origArgs['italic title']
	preprocessSingleArg('nocat')
	preprocessSingleArg('стилі_шаблону')
	preprocessSingleArg('стилі_шаблону вбудовування')
	preprocessSingleArg('стилі_шаблону вторинного_вбудовування')
end

-- If called via #invoke, use the args passed into the invoking template.
-- Otherwise, for testing purposes, assume args are being passed directly in.
function p.infobox(frame)
	if frame == mw.getCurrentFrame() then
		origArgs = frame:getParent().args
	else
		origArgs = frame
	end
	
	parseDataParameters()
	
	return _infobox()
end

-- For calling via #invoke within a template
function p.infoboxTemplate(frame)
	origArgs = {}
	for k,v in pairs(frame.args) do origArgs[k] = mw.text.trim(v) end
	
	parseDataParameters()
	
	return _infobox()
end
return p</text>
      <sha1>iqqopqvwa1zrtawc0ju2rbwny1568be</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Wp/buk/Картка/styles.css</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>3804325</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7305475</id>
      <timestamp>2026-09-05T11:53:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Тосуен</username>
        <id>2702884</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;/*  * Стиль шаблону адаптований під український розділ Вікіпедії.  * Запозичений код з англійської [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] (тут код може редагуватися),  * та доповнений англійським [[Module:Infobox/style.css]]. /*  * This TemplateStyles sheet deliberately does NOT include the full set of  * infobox styles. We are still working to migrate all of the...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>7305475</origin>
      <model>sanitized-css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="4826" sha1="3lpwnp4taeuasol1ijmjib0rychp9ru" xml:space="preserve">/*
 * Стиль шаблону адаптований під український розділ Вікіпедії.
 * Запозичений код з англійської [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] (тут код може редагуватися),
 * та доповнений англійським [[Module:Infobox/style.css]].
/*
 * This TemplateStyles sheet deliberately does NOT include the full set of
 * infobox styles. We are still working to migrate all of the manual
 * infoboxes. See [[MediaWiki talk:Common.css/to do#Infobox]]
 * DO NOT ADD THEM HERE
 */
	
/* NOTE: This is maintained both here and in [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] until migration is complete.
 * Starting with bare minimum for the benefit of [[mw:mManual:Safemode]]. */
@media (min-width: 640px) {
	.infobox {
		/* @noflip */
		margin-left: 1em;
		/* @noflip */
		float: right;
		/* @noflip */
		clear: right;
		width: 22em;
	}
}

/* Infobox template style */
.infobox-header,
.infobox-label,
.infobox-above,
.infobox-full-data,
.infobox-data,
.infobox-below,
.infobox-subheader,
.infobox-image,
.infobox-navbar {
	vertical-align: top;
}

.infobox-label,
.infobox-data {
	/* @noflip */
	text-align: left;
}

/* Remove .infobox when element selectors above are removed */
.infobox .infobox-above,
.infobox .infobox-title {
	font-size: 125%;
	font-weight: bold;
	text-align: center; 
}

.infobox-title {
	padding: 0.2em;
}

/* Remove .infobox when element selectors above are removed */
.infobox .infobox-header,
.infobox .infobox-subheader,
.infobox .infobox-image,
.infobox .infobox-full-data,
.infobox .infobox-below {
	text-align: center;
}

/* Remove .infobox when element selectors above are removed */
.infobox .infobox-navbar {
	/* @noflip */
	text-align: right;
}

/*
 * not strictly certain these styles are necessary since the modules now
 * exclusively output infobox-subbox or infobox, not both
 * just replicating the module faithfully
 */
.infobox-subbox {
	padding: 0;
	border: none;
	margin: -3px;
	width: auto;
	min-width: 100%;
	font-size: 100%;
	clear: none;
	float: none;
	background-color: transparent;
	color:inherit;
}

.infobox-3cols-child {
	margin: -3px;
}

.infobox .navbar {
	font-size: 100%;
}

/* Errors */
.infobox-code {
	/* &lt;code&gt;...&lt;/code&gt; style override: mediawiki's css definition is specified here:
	https://git.wikimedia.org/blob/mediawiki%2Fcore.git/
		69cd73811f7aadd093050dbf20ed70ef0b42a713/skins%2Fcommon%2FcommonElements.css#L199
	*/
	color: inherit;
	background: inherit;
	border: none;
	padding: inherit;
}

/* T281642 */
body.skin-minerva .infobox-header,
body.skin-minerva .infobox-subheader,
body.skin-minerva  .infobox-above,
body.skin-minerva .infobox-title,
body.skin-minerva  .infobox-image,
body.skin-minerva  .infobox-full-data,
body.skin-minerva .infobox-below {
	text-align: center;
}

/* remove when infobox is not a table anymore */
.infobox-hiddenrow,
/* we mean it, Minerva. but also Vector 2022 in the future at some point */
body.skin--responsive.skin--responsive .infobox .infobox-hiddenrow {
	display: none;
}

/* Dark theme: [[William_Wragg]], [[Coral_Castle]] */
@media screen {
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .infobox.vevent [bgcolor] {
		background: inherit;
		color: inherit;
	}
	
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) &gt; div:not(.notheme)[style]  {
	    background: #1f1f23 !important;
	    color: var(--color-base, #eaecf0);
	}
}

@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .infobox.vevent [bgcolor] {
		background: inherit;
		color: inherit;
	}
	
    html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) &gt; div:not(.notheme)[style]  {
      	background: #1f1f23 !important;
      	color: var(--color-base, #eaecf0);
    }
}

/* Since infobox is a table, many infobox templates take advantage of this to add columns and rows to the infobox itself rather than as part of a new table inside them. This class should be discouraged and removed on the long term, but allows us to at least identify these tables going forward
Currently in use on: [[Module:Infobox3cols]]
Fixes issue described in https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/F55300125 on Vector 2022.
not-infobox-table-cell is used for football template table to have a right padding
*/
@media (min-width: 640px) {
	body.skin--responsive .infobox-table {
    	display: table !important;
  	}
	
  	body.skin--responsive .infobox-table &gt; caption {
    	display: table-caption !important;
  	}
	
  	body.skin--responsive .infobox-table &gt; tbody {
    	display: table-row-group;
  	}
	
	body.skin--responsive .infobox-table table:not(.not-infobox-table-cell) th,
	body.skin--responsive .infobox-table table:not(.not-infobox-table-cell) td {
		padding-left: inherit;
		padding-right: inherit;
	}
}

/*  [[Категорія:Підсторінки CSS]] */</text>
      <sha1>3lpwnp4taeuasol1ijmjib0rychp9ru</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>