Wikipédia jvwiki https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Pendhapa MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.14 first-letter Médhia Mirunggan Parembugan Naraguna Parembugan Naraguna Wikipédia Parembugan Wikipédia Barkas Parembugan Barkas MédhiaWiki Parembugan MédhiaWiki Cithakan Parembugan Cithakan Pitulung Parembugan Pitulung Kategori Parembugan Kategori Gapura Parembugan Gapura TimedText TimedText talk Modhul Parembugan Modhul Acara Pembicaraan Acara 0 33012 1752502 1692907 2026-08-09T07:54:54Z Meursault2004 3 + kategori 1752502 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox wong}} '''Michelle Yeoh Choo-Kheng''' ({{zh-tsp|t=楊紫瓊|s=杨紫琼|p=Yáng Zǐqióng}}; {{lahirmati||6|08|1962}}) iku penyanyi lan aktris sing manggon ing [[Hong Kong]]. Yeoh dilairaké ing [[Ipoh]], [[Negeri Perak|Perak]], [[Malaysia]]. Yeoh kapilih déning ''Majalah People'' minangka salah siji saka 50 wanita paling sulistya ing donya taun 1997. == Peran sajeroning filem == [[Gambar:PM-Michelle Yeoh.jpg|thumb|300px|Michelle Yeoh lan Perdhana Mantri Malaysia]] * ''[[The Owl and Bumbo]] ''(1984) * ''[http://michelleyeoh.info/Movie/yesmadam.html Yes, Madam] ''(1985) * ''[[My Lucky Stars 2 - Twinkle, Twinkle Lucky Stars]]'' (1985) * ''[[In the Line of Duty]] ''(1986) * '' [[Magnificent Warriors]]'' (1987) * ''[[Easy Money]]'' (1987) * ''[[Police Story 3|Supercop - Police Story III]]'' (1992) * ''[[The Heroic Trio]] ''(1993) * ''[[Butterfly and Sword]] ''(1993) * '' [[Executioners]] ''(1993) * ''[[Holy Weapon]]'' (1993) * '' [[Once a Cop]]'' (1993) * ''[[Wing Chun (filem)|Wing Chun]] ''(1994) * ''[[The Tai-Chi Master]]'' (1994) * ''[[Shaolin Popey 2 - Messy Temple]]'' (1994) * ''[[Wonder Seven]]'' (1994) * ''[[The Stunt Woman]] ''(1996) * '' [[The Soong Sisters (filem)|The Soong Sisters]] ''(1997) * ''[[Tomorrow Never Dies]] ''(1997) * '' [[Moonlight Express]]'' (1999) * ''[[Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon]] ''(2000) * ''[[The Touch (2002 filem)|The Touch]] ''(2002) * ''[[Silverhawk]]'' (2004) * ''[[Memoirs of a Geisha (filem)|Memoirs of a Geisha]]'' (2005) * ''[[Fearless (2006 filem)|Fearless]]'' (2006) * ''[[Sunshine]]'' (2007) == Pranala njaba == * {{imdb name|id=0000706|name=Michelle Yeoh}} * ''[http://michelleyeoh.info Michelle Yeoh]'' * ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20000819070042/http://www.salon.com/weekly/yeoh960722.html Super polis sebagai pahlawan wanita]'' * [http://news.catcha.com/my/content.phtml?1&010&&afpnews.cgi&cat=malaysia&story=050104083953.gww9kcmp.txt Bos Ferrari, Jean Todt mengaku bertunang dengan Michelle Yeoh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041112071113/http://news.catcha.com/my/content.phtml?1 |date=2004-11-12 }} ''Terdapat kontroversi berhubung dengan berita ini sejak Yeoh menafikan bahawa beliau merupakan tunang Todt.'' * [http://www.pbs.org/kcet/tavissmiley/archive/200512/20051212.html Temu ramah denga Michelle Yeoh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612200713/http://www.pbs.org/kcet/tavissmiley/archive/200512/20051212.html |date=2010-06-12 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Yeoh, Michelle}} [[Kategori:Aktris Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Aktris Hong Kong]] [[Kategori:Wong Cina Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Lair 1962]] [[Kategori:Wong urip]] [[Kategori:Paraga Star Trek]] 3nv0pu96vhv5a5ttazue9hyx98lvbn4 12 95437 1752489 1719884 2026-08-08T14:18:18Z ~2026-43791-71 73973 /* */ Awangga bayu armando 1752489 wikitext text/x-wiki Awangga bayu armando{{Javanese script}} <center>{{Jawa|'''꧋ꦱꦸꦒꦼꦁꦫ​ꦮꦸꦃꦮꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ꦲꦶꦁꦮꦶꦏꦶꦥꦺꦢꦶꦪꦃꦧ​ꦱ​ꦗ​ꦮꦶ꧉'''}}</center> :''Bahasa Indonesia: Ini adalah petunjuk cara menampilkan aksara Jawa dengan benar. Untuk petunjuk cara menulis aksara Jawa di Wikipedia bahasa Jawa, kunjungi [[Pitulung:Nulis Aksara Jawa|Bantuan:Nulis Aksara Jawa]]. :Basa Jawa: Iki arupa pituduh cara nampilaké aksara Jawa kanthi bener. Kanggo pituduh cara nulis aksara Jawa ing Wikipédia basa Jawa, delengen [[Pitulung:Nulis Aksara Jawa]]. :''English: This is a help page for correctly rendering Javanese script font. For help page for writing in Javanese script, see [[Help:Nulis Aksara Jawa]]. ={{Jawa|ꦥꦶꦠꦸꦭꦸꦁ:ꦲꦏ꧀ꦱꦫ​ꦗꦮ​}}= <div style="font-family:Tuladha Jejeg">__TOC__</div> == Bahasa Indonesia == Wikipedia bahasa Jawa menampilkan [[aksara Jawa]] menggunakan font ''[[Pitulung:Tuladha Jejeg|Tuladha Jejeg]]'' (https://sites.google.com/site/jawaunicode/). Jika Anda belum memiliki font ini, tampilan karakter di bagian atas halaman ini mungkin tidak akan tertampil dengan benar. Untuk dapat menampilkan dengan benar, Anda memerlukan tiga "F": Font, Firefox, dan Fitur [[#Graphite]]: [[Gambar:Firefox 20 on Windows 8.PNG|thumb|Aksara Jawa hanya bisa tampil dengan benar di peramban Firefox/Palemoon]] <!--[[Gambar:Pale Moon Icon.png|thumb]]--> #'''Font''': #*(Khusus untuk Wikipedia) Anda dapat menggunakan komputer mana pun (meskipun komputer tersebut tidak memiliki font aksara Jawa), Anda tidak perlu mengunduh font apa pun, dan aksara Jawa sudah akan tertampil. Namun untuk dapat menulis Aksara Jawa di komputer mana pun, Anda harus [[Special:Masuk log|login]] ke Wikipedia bahasa Jawa, masuk ke [[Astamiwa:Preferensi#mw-prefsection-gadgets]], lalu centang "Nulisa" #*Jika Anda menggunakannya untuk keperluan selain Wikipedia, #**Unduh (download) font Tuladha Jejeg di situs (https://sites.google.com/site/jawaunicode/unduh) #**Pasang (install) font tersebut seperti memasang font biasa. #*Apabila Anda telah memiliki font aksara Jawa selain Tuladha Jejeg, tampilannya ''mungkin'' akan berbeda/tidak kompatibel dengan apa yang tertulis. Untuk lebih jelasnya, silakan lihat bagian [[#Teknis|teknis]] #'''Firefox''': Anda perlu menggunakan peramban web [http://getfirefox.com Firefox] (atau [[:en:Category:Gecko-based software|yang semacamnya]], misalnya [http://palemoon.org Palemoon], lihat [[#FAQ]] di bawah). Pastikan Anda menggunakan versi yang paling mutakhir (versi 11 ke atas, atau lebih disarankan [http://www.mozilla.org/en-US/products/download.html?product=firefox-beta-stub&os=win&lang=en-US versi 22]) #* Karena alasan teknis, peramban Chrome, Internet Explorer (IE), Opera, Safari, dan peramban lain selain Firefox tidak dapat menampilkan aksara Jawa dengan benar. Kami mohon maaf atas ketidaknyamanan ini. #(PENTING) '''Fitur Graphite''': Nyalakan ''Graphite rendering'' di Firefox Anda. Tanpa fitur ini, tampilan aksara Jawanya akan kacau. Ikuti langkah-langkah berikut (https://sites.google.com/site/jawaunicode/home/firefox_graphite) #* Untuk pengguna '''Firefox 22''' atau yang lebih baru, Anda tidak perlu melakukan apa-apa lagi. (Per 31 Mei, Firefox 22 baru dalam [http://www.mozilla.org/en-US/products/download.html?product=firefox-beta-stub&os=win&lang=en-US tahap beta]) #* Untuk pengguna '''Firefox 21 atau yang lebih lama''', ikuti petunjuk berikut: #**Ketik <code>about:config</code> di ''address bar''. Tekan [Enter]. #**Selanjutnya muncul halaman peringatan bahwa kesalahan mengganti setting di halaman berikutnya bisa mengganggu stabilitas, keamanan, dan performa Firefox. Tekan tombol “'''I'll be careful, I promise!'''” #**Di halaman berikutnya, di kolom '''Preference Name''', carilah <code>gfx.font_rendering.graphite.enabled</code>. Anda juga bisa memanfaatkan '''Search''' untuk membantu menemukannya dengan cara mengetikkan kata "graphite" di kotak Search. #**Klik ganda <code>gfx.font_rendering.graphite.enabled</code> untuk mengganti ''value''-nya dari <code>false</code> menjadi <code>true</code>. Teks di barisnya akan menjadi tebal. <u>Jangan mengganti setting-setting lain di halaman ini kecuali Anda tahu fungsi dan tujuannya</u>. #**Tutup tab <code>about:config</code>. Dukungan rendering fonta Graphite sudah menyala dan aktif. {| |- valign="top" |[[File:Javanese-script-support-1-mojibake.jpg|thumb|500|1. Tanpa font, aksara Jawa di bagian atas halaman ini tidak akan tampak/hanya tampak seperti kotak-kotak]] |[[File:Carakan-Chrome 27.0.1453.116 m.png|thumb|500|2. Setelah Anda memasang font, aksara Jawa sudah akan tampak, tapi apabila menggunakan browser selain Firefox, misalnya Chrome, tampilannya akan salah. (per Tuladha Jejeg versi 2, tampilan di Chrome 27 pada gambar di atas pasangannya tidak terbentuk, dan taling yang seharusnya di kiri diletakkan di kanan aksara.)]] |[[File:Javanese-script-support-3b-firefox-without-graphite-enabled.jpg|thumb|500|Berikut tampilan dengan browser Firefox, tapi ''Graphite rendering'' belum dinyalakan]] |[[File:Javanese-script-support-3-firefox.jpg|thumb|500|3. Tampilan setelah graphite rendering dinyalakan]] |[[File:Javanese-script-support-graphite-rendering-difference.jpg|thumb|500|Perbedaan antara ''Graphite rendering'' tidak dinyalakan (atas) dan dinyalakan (bawah)]] |} === ''Compatibility'' === Apabila tampilan aksara Jawa pada tabel dibawah sudah benar (terutama pasangannya), berarti komputer anda sudah mampu mengolah huruf Jawa. Urutan Hanacaraka {| class="wikitable" |+ Aksara dasar |- align="center" style="font-family:Tuladha Jejeg" ! align="left" style="font-family:sans-serif"|Aksara |ꦲ||ꦤ||ꦕ||ꦫ||ꦏ||ꦢ||ꦠ||ꦱ||ꦮ||ꦭ||ꦥ||ꦝ||ꦗ||ꦪ||ꦚ||ꦩ||ꦒ||ꦧ||ꦛ||ꦔ |- align="center" style="font-family:Tuladha Jejeg" ! align="left" style="font-family:sans-serif"|Pasangan |◌꧀ꦲ​||◌꧀ꦤ||◌꧀ꦕ||◌꧀ꦫ||◌꧀ꦏ||◌꧀ꦢ||◌꧀ꦠ||◌꧀ꦱ||◌꧀ꦮ||◌꧀ꦭ||◌꧀ꦥ||◌꧀ꦝ||◌꧀ꦗ||◌꧀ꦪ||◌꧀ꦚ||◌꧀ꦩ||◌꧀ꦒ​||◌꧀ꦧ​||◌꧀ꦛ​||◌꧀ꦔ |- align="center" ! align="left"|Transliterasi |ha||na||ca||ra||ka||da||ta||sa||wa||la||pa||dha||ja||ya||nya||ma||ga||ba||tha||nga |} {| class="wikitable" |+ Aksara Murda |- align="center" style="font-family:Tuladha Jejeg" ! align="left" style="font-family:sans-serif"|Aksara |ꦟ||ꦖ||ꦑ||ꦡ||ꦯ||ꦦ||ꦘ||ꦓ||ꦨ |- align="center" style="font-family:Tuladha Jejeg" ! align="left" style="font-family:sans-serif"|Pasangan |◌꧀ꦟ||◌꧀ꦖ||◌꧀ꦑ||◌꧀ꦡ||◌꧀ꦯ||◌꧀ꦦ||◌꧀ꦘ||◌꧀ꦓ||◌꧀ꦨ |- align="center" ! align="left"|Transliterasi |na||ca||ka||ta||sa||pa||nya||ga||ba |} {| class="wikitable" |+ Aksara Mahaprana |- align="center" style="font-family:Tuladha Jejeg" ! align="left" style="font-family:sans-serif"|Aksara |ꦞ||ꦰ||ꦙ||ꦜ |- align="center" style="font-family:Tuladha Jejeg" ! align="left" style="font-family:sans-serif"|Pasangan |◌꧀ꦞ||◌꧀ꦰ||◌꧀ꦙ||◌꧀ꦜ |- align="center" ! align="left"|Transliterasi |dha||sa||ja||tha |} {| class="wikitable" |+ Aksara lain-lain |- align="center" style="font-family:Tuladha Jejeg" ! align="left" style="font-family:sans-serif"|Aksara |ꦬ||ꦉ||ꦉꦴ||ꦊ||ꦋ |- align="center" style="font-family:Tuladha Jejeg" ! align="left" style="font-family:sans-serif"|Pasangan |◌꧀ꦬ||◌꧀ꦉ||◌꧀ꦉꦴ||◌꧀ꦊ||◌꧀ꦋ |- align="center" ! align="left"|Transliterasi |ra||rê||rêu||lê||lêu |} Urutan Sansekerta (Panini atau Kaganga) {| class="wikitable Unicode" style="text-align:center; |- ! [[:en:ISO 15919|ISO]] !! k !! kh !! g !! gh !! ṅ !! c !! ch !! j !! jh !! ñ !! ṭ !! ṭh !! ḍ !! ḍh !! ṇ !! t !! th !! d !! dh !! n !! p !! ph !! b !! bh !! m !! y !! r !! l !! v !! ś !! ṣ !! s !! h |- ! [[help:IPA|IPA]] | {{IPA|k}} || {{IPA|kʰ}} || {{IPA|ɡ}} || {{IPA|ɡʱ}} || {{IPA|ŋ}} || {{IPA|tʃ}} || {{IPA|tʃʰ}} || {{IPA|dʒ}} || {{IPA|dʒʱ}} || {{IPA|ɲ}} || {{IPA|ʈ}} || {{IPA|ʈʰ}} || {{IPA|ɖ}} || {{IPA|ɖʱ}} || {{IPA|ɳ}} || {{IPA|t̪}} || {{IPA|t̪ʰ}} || {{IPA|d̪}} || {{IPA|d̪ʱ}} || {{IPA|n}} || {{IPA|p}} || {{IPA|pʰ}} || {{IPA|b}} || {{IPA|bʱ}} || {{IPA|m}} || {{IPA|j}} || {{IPA|ɾ}} || {{IPA|l}} || {{IPA|ʋ}} || {{IPA|ʃ}} || {{IPA|ʂ}} || {{IPA|s}} || {{IPA|ɦ}} |- align="center" style="font-family:Tuladha Jejeg" ! align="left" style="font-family:sans-serif"| Aksara |ꦏ||ꦑ||ꦒ||ꦓ||ꦔ||ꦕ||ꦖ||ꦗ||ꦙ||ꦚ||ꦛ||ꦜ||ꦝ||ꦞ||ꦟ||ꦠ||ꦡ||ꦢ||ꦣ||ꦤ||ꦥ||ꦦ||ꦧ||ꦨ||ꦩ||ꦪ||ꦫ||ꦭ||ꦮ||ꦯ||ꦰ||ꦱ||ꦲ |- align="center" style="font-family:Tuladha Jejeg" ! align="left" style="font-family:sans-serif"|Pasangan |◌꧀ꦏ||◌꧀ꦑ||◌꧀ꦒ||◌꧀ꦓ||◌꧀ꦔ||◌꧀ꦕ||◌꧀ꦖ||◌꧀ꦗ||◌꧀ꦙ||◌꧀ꦚ||◌꧀ꦛ||◌꧀ꦜ||◌꧀ꦝ||◌꧀ꦞ||◌꧀ꦟ||◌꧀ꦠ||◌꧀ꦡ||◌꧀ꦢ||◌꧀ꦣ||◌꧀ꦤ||◌꧀ꦥ||◌꧀ꦦ||◌꧀ꦧ||◌꧀ꦨ||◌꧀ꦩ||◌꧀ꦪ||◌꧀ꦫ||◌꧀ꦭ||◌꧀ꦮ||◌꧀ꦯ||◌꧀ꦰ||◌꧀ꦱ||◌꧀ꦲ |} ==== Contoh teks ==== Plakat berbahasa Portugis-Jawa di Taman Sari, Yogyakarta, Indonesia {| width="600px" align="center" |- |O Projecto de Reabilitação do Umbul Binagun Tamansari realizado com o apoio da Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, foi inaugurado por S. Exa. O Sultão Hamengku Buwono X Governador de Yogyakarta e pelo Dr. José Blanco, Administrador da Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian (Portugal), em 22 de Agosto de 2004. |- style="font-family:Tuladha Jejeg" | {{Jawa|ꦩꦸꦭ꧀ꦪꦏ꧀ꦏꦏꦺ​ꦈꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭ꧀ꦧꦶꦤꦁꦔꦸꦤ꧀ꦠꦩ꧀ꦩꦤ꧀ꦱꦂꦫꦶ​ꦏꦊꦏ꧀ꦱꦤ꧀ꦤꦏ꧀ꦏꦏꦼꦤ꧀ꦏꦤ꧀ꦛꦶ​ꦥꦚꦼꦁꦏꦸꦪꦸꦁꦔꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀ꦪꦪꦱ꧀ꦱꦤ꧀ꦏꦭ꧀ꦭꦲꦸꦱ꧀ꦠꦼ​ꦒꦸꦭ꧀ꦧꦼꦤ꧀ꦏꦶꦲꦤ꧀ꦱꦲ​ꦏꦂꦉꦱ꧀ꦩꦺꦏ꧀ꦏꦏꦼꦤ꧀ꦢꦶꦤꦶꦁ​ꦲꦶꦁꦏꦁ​ꦩꦶꦤꦸꦭ꧀ꦪ​ꦯꦿꦶ​ꦯꦸꦭ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ꦲꦩꦁꦏꦸꦨꦸꦮꦤ ꧇꧑꧐꧇ ꦒꦸꦧꦼꦂꦤꦸꦂ​ꦝꦃꦲꦺꦫꦃ ꦆꦱ꧀ꦠꦶꦩꦺꦮꦃ​ꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦠ​ꦠꦸꦮꦶꦤ꧀ꦲꦶꦁꦏꦁ​ꦩꦶꦤꦸꦭ꧀ꦪ​ꦠꦸꦮꦤ꧀ꦪꦺꦴꦱꦺ​ꦧ꧀ꦭꦤ꧀ꦕꦺꦴ ꧈ ꦩꦶꦤꦺꦴꦁꦏ​ꦮꦏꦶꦭ꧀ꦪꦪꦱꦤ꧀ꦏꦭ꧀ꦭꦺꦴꦲꦸꦱ꧀ꦠꦼ​ꦒꦸꦭ꧀ꦧꦺꦤꦏꦶꦲꦤ꧀꧇ (ꦥꦺꦴꦂꦠꦸꦒꦭ꧀) ꦲꦶꦁ​ꦱꦸꦂꦪ​ꦏꦥꦶꦁ ꧇꧒꧒꧇ ꦄꦒꦸꦱ꧀ꦠꦸꦱ꧀ ꧇꧒꧐꧐꧔}} |- | Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono X, Dr. José Blanco |} <!---http://junglecode.net/graphite/examples.html---> === Detil === Aksara Jawa adalah cukup rumit secara teknis (''rendering''-nya bisa dua arah (bi-directional)), karena setiap aksara dapat memiliki karakter di sebelah kanannya (pasangan ha, sa, pa, pa murda, nya, sandhangan tarung, wignyan, pangkon, pengkal), di sebelah kirinya (sandhangan taling), di atas (sandhangan wulu, pepet, layar, cecak), maupun di bawahnya (pasangan, sandhangan wulu, penanda cakra, keret), dan kombinasinya, merupakan salah satu keunikan aksara Jawa dibanding aksara-aksara lainnya di dunia. Dari segi teknis, font Unicode yang dipasang ini ([[Pitulung:Tuladha Jejeg|Tuladha Jejeg]]) menggunakan teknologi ''smart font'' dari [[#Graphite|SIL Graphite]]<ref name="Graphite">http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=projects&item_id=graphite_home</ref> yang mendukung penulisan (dan tampilan) aksara Jawa, bisa dikatakan secara sempurna. Masalahnya, untuk peramban web, karena tidak banyak aksara di dunia yang membutuhkan fitur sekompleks itu, baru Firefox (11 ke atas) yang mendukung teknologi ini, itu pun tidak diaktifkan secara otomatis, melainkan harus dinyalakan secara manual. Oleh karena itu pengguna yang menggunakan Chrome, IE, Opera, Safari, dll. tidak dapat melihat aksara Jawa yang tertampil dengan benar. Penulisan aksara Jawa di Wikipedia bahasa Jawa membutuhkan dua komponen, satu untuk menulis (input), dan satu untuk menampilkan (output). Untuk menulis, digunakan [[:mw:Extension:Narayam|ekstensi Narayam]], sedangkan untuk membaca, digunakan [[:mw:Extension:WebFonts|ekstensi WebFonts]] <u>plus mengaktifkan fitur [[#graphite]] di Firefox</u>. Oleh karena keterbatasan itu, maka pengembang yang dihubungi melalui bugzilla memberi jalan keluar berupa fitur WebFonts yang akan dipasang nanti tidak ditampilkan secara ''default'', melainkan harus diaktifkan melalui preferensi. Hal ini ada plus minusnya sendiri. Berikut contoh kasus: Jenis pengguna: a) pengguna yang login/tidak login, b) pengguna mengaktifkan WebFont lewat preferensi (atau telah menginstal font Tuladha Jejeg)/tidak melakukan keduanya atau c) memiliki font lain selain Tuladha Jejeg (TJ), d) pengguna yang menggunakan Firefox (FF)/tidak menggunakan, e) pengguna yang mengaktifkan [[#graphite]]/tidak mengaktifkan Mode membaca: {| class="wikitable" !a) Login/Tidak !b) Pasang Font/Tidak !c) Font Lain/Tidak !d) Firefox/Tidak !e) [[#Graphite|Graphite]]/Tidak !Hasil |- |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK|Ya}}/{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK}} Akan tampil dengan benar |- |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK|Ya}}/{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK}} Akan tampil dengan benar, asal b) terinstal font TJ |- |{{OK|Ya}}/{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK|Ya}}/{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK}} Lihat poin [[#Bahasa Indonesia|no. 3]] di atas |- |{{OK|Ya}}/{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK|Ya}}/{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK}} Lihat poin [[#Bahasa Indonesia|no. 2]] di atas |- |{{OK|Ya}}/{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK|Ya}}/{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{OK|Ya}}/{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK}} Tidak punya TJ tapi punya font lain tidak akan membantu/<br>Hanya akan tampil kotak-kotak ([[:en:Mojibake]]) |- |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK}} Pengunjung anonim yang tidak punya font, dan tidak menggunakan FF<br>hanya akan tampil kotak-kotak ([[:en:Mojibake]]) |} === FAQ === ;Bagaimana supaya Graphite terpasang secara ''default''? :Saat ini fitur Graphite di Firefox sedang dalam tahap pengujian. Di masa mendatang mungkin akan dijadikan ''default'' ;Bagaimana supaya fitur Graphite tersedia juga di peramban selain Firefox? Saya tidak suka pakai Firefox karena lamban. :Anda dapat menggunakan peramban [http://palemoon.org/ Palemoon], yang merupakan ''fork'' dari Firefox. Atau silakan coba salah satu peramban berbasis Gecko di [[:en:Category:Gecko-based software]] (belum semuanya pernah dicoba fitur graphitenya. Jika Anda mencoba peramban yang mendukung graphite selain yang sudah kami sebutkan, silakan tinggalkan sunting halaman ini) ;Maksud saya, bagaimana saya supaya fitur Graphite tersedia juga di Chrome/Internet Explorer/Opera/Safari/dll.? :Untuk Chrome, silakan vote [http://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=140007#makechanges di sini], sedangkan untuk yang lain, masih belum ada dukungan untuk Graphite. ;Kalau tidak ada cara lain selain menggunakan peramban Firefox, apakah ada aplikasi non-peramban yang mendukung Graphite? :Ada: XeTeX, OpenOffice.org (sejak versi 3.2, kecuali versi Mac), LibreOffice (kecuali versi Mac) dan Thunderbird 11 ke atas (tidak dinyalakan secara otomatis). :Selain itu ''Graphite support can be added to applications on Linux with the package pango-graphite and on Windows with the experimental add-on MultiScribe.'' [[Gambar:Gontok Aksara Jawa.PNG|thumb]] ;Terjadi gontok antara sandangan & pasangan bawah di satu baris dengan sandangan atas di baris bawahnya. Saya duga ini karena aksara Jawa masih menggunakan spasi aksara Latin. Apakah ini semacam bug? Saya menggunakan Firefox 18. :<!-- masih belum ada jawaban -->Masalah ini sedang diselidiki. === Teknis === 1. Font Ajisaka Apabila Anda sebelumnya telah memasang font Ajisaka, maka akan ada perbedaan dengan font Tuladha Jejeg yang menggunakan teknologi [[#Graphite|SIL Graphite]]<ref name="Graphite"/>. Perbedaan paling mencolok adalah penempatan karakter di sebelah kiri karakter lain, misalnya pada huruf "o" (taling tarung). Ajisaka menganut metode urutan karakter sesuai tampilan aksara Jawanya, maka "wong" akan ditulis "taling", "wa", "tarung", "cecak". Sementara itu Tuladha Jejeg (dan font-font lain berbasis SIL Graphite) menganut metode urutan karakter sesuai tampilan aksara Latinnya, maka "wong" akan ditulis "wa (w)", "taling tarung (o)", "cecak (ng)". :''Walaupun sama-sama menganut standar Unicode 5.2, fonta [berbasis SIL Graphite] memiliki konsep yang berbeda dengan fonta Adjisaka. Fonta ini merender setiap karakter apa adanya tanpa proses perubahan berkonteks (misalnya pada fonta ini taling akan secara otomatis ditukar posisinya jika diikuti konsonan). Sampai saat ini masih belum ada kesepakatan mengenai masalah ini.'' (http://wiramaswara.blogspot.com/2010/10/fonta-dan-metode-input-aksara-jawa.html) Di font Adjisaka codepoint aksara Jawa dipakai, tapi tidak semua. Aksara GA (JAVANESE LETTER GA, kode A992) bahkan tidak ada di font Adjisaka. <!-- Sedikit tambahan, aksara I kawi, ga, tta mahaprana, suku mendut, dan pada mendut dilarikan pada blok Private Use Area (F02A-F045) [http://s18.postimg.org/yixu0i0ll/capture_20141122_164532.png]. Aksara yang lengkap serta kombinasi-kombinasi rumit (berhubung font ini tidak mendukung Graphite) juga dilarikan pada blok Private Use Area (F600-F7ED [http://s18.postimg.org/k3kifccy1/capture_20141122_164625.png], F874-F8D5 [http://s18.postimg.org/fgegdkpl5/capture_20141122_164700.png]). --> 2. JG Aksara Jawa Font JG Aksara Jawa buatan Jason Glavy dan font Adjisaka buatan Ki Demang Sokowaten akan menimbulkan konflik karena font2 tersebut menggunakan codepoint aksara-aksara lain. Font JG Aksara Jawa maupun Adjisaka memakai codepoint aksara Limbu (1900-194F), Tai Le (1950-197F), New Tai Lu (1980-19DF), Khmer Symbols (19E0-19FF), Bugis/Lontara (1A00-1A1F), Tai Tham (1A20-1AAD), Bali (1B00-1B7F), dan Sunda (1B80-1BBF) untuk ligatur-ligatur aksara Jawa. Di font JG Aksara Jawa codepoint aksara Jawa (A980-A9DF) sama sekali tidak dipakai. Tidak mengherankan karena font JG Aksara Jawa dibuat tahun 2003<ref>[[:id:Aksara Jawa#Unicode]]</ref>, sebelum aksara Jawa masuk Unicode. 3. Hanacaraka Berdasarkan ANSI. ''belum dites'' 4. Carakan Anyar ''belum dites'' 5. Mobile browser ''belum dites'' === Lihat pula === *[[:id:Aksara_Jawa#Integrasi_Hanacaraka_ke_dalam_sistem_informasi_komputer]] *[[:en:Help:Multilingual_support#Javanese]] *[[Wikipédia:Unicode/Aksara Jawa]] * [[Pitulung:Tuladha Jejeg]] * [[Pitulung:Nulis Aksara Jawa]] *[[:id:b:Pengantar aksara Jawa]] *http://bennylin.github.io/transliterasijawa/ *Untuk pertanyaan, dapat ditanyakan lewat ** [[Parembugan Pitulung:Aksara Jawa|halaman pembicaraan]], ** [http://facebook.com/jvwiki Facebook Wikipedia Basa Jawa], atau ** [http://twitter.com/jvwiki Twitter Wikipedia Basa Jawa] == Basa Jawa == Wikipédia abasa Jawa nampilaké [[aksara Jawa]] migunakaké huruf ''[[Pitulung:Tuladha Jejeg|Tuladha Jejeg]]'' (https://sites.google.com/site/jawaunicode/). Yèn Panjenengan durung duwé huruf iki, tampilan karakter ing bagéyan ndhuwur kaca iki mungkin ora bakal katampilaké kanthi bener. Supaya bisa nampilaké kanthi bener, Panjenengan mbutuhaké telu "F": Font, Firefox, lan Fitur [[#Graphite]]: #'''Font''': Undhuh ''(download)'' huruf Tuladha Jejeg ing situs (https://sites.google.com/site/jawaunicode/unduh) #*Pasang ''(install)'' huruf kasebut kayadéné masang huruf biasa. #*(Pilihan kanggo laku angka 1), Panjenengan kari log mlebu ing Wikipédia ahasa Jawa, banjur mlebu menyang [[Astamiwa:Preferensi]] -> tampilan -> lan wènèhana tenger cénthang ing kothak "Use [[:mw:Extension:WebFonts|WebFonts]]". Saiki Panjenengan migunakaké komputer ngendi waé, sakwéné Panjenengan mlebu log, Panjenengan ora perlu ngundhuh huruf apa waé, lan aksara Jawa wis bakal katampilaké (senajan komputer kasebut ora duwé huruf basa Jawa). #*Yèn Panjenengan wis duwé huruf aksara Jawa saliyané Tuladha Jejeg, tampilané ''mungkin'' bakal béda/ora kompatibel karo apa sing tinulis. Kanggo luwih cethané, mangga delengen bagéan [[#Tèknis|tèknis]] #'''Firefox''': Panjenengan perlu migunakaké paramban wèb [http://getfirefox.com Firefox] (utawa sing sajinisé, upamané [http://palemoon.org Palemoon], delengen [[#FAQ]] ing ngisor). Pesthèkaké Panjenengan migunakaké vèrsi sing paling anyar (vèrsi 11 munggah) #* Amarga alasan tèknis, paramban Chrome, Internet Explorer (IE), Opera, Safari, lan paramban liya saliyané Firefox ora bisa nampilaké aksara Jawa kanthi bener. Aku kabèh njaluk pangapura amarga babagan iki. #(WIGATI) '''Fitur Graphite''': Uripna ''Graphite rendering'' ing Firefox Panjenengan. Tanpa fitur iki, tampilan aksara Jawané bakal kaco. Turutana laku iki (https://sites.google.com/site/jawaunicode/home/firefox_graphite) #*Ngetika <code>about:config</code> ing ''address bar''. Pèjèt [Enter]. #*Sabanjuré metu kaca pèngetan yèn kasalahan ngganti setting ing kaca sabanjuré bisa ngganggu stabilitas, kaamanan, lan performa Firefox. Pèjèten tombol “'''I'll be careful, I promise!'''” #*Ing kaca sabanjuré, ing kolom '''Preference Name''', golèkana <code>gfx.font_rendering.graphite.enabled</code>. Panjenengan uga bisa mupangataké '''Search''' kanggo mbiyantu nemokaké kanthi cara ngetik tembung "graphite" ing kothak Search. #*Klik dhobel <code>gfx.font_rendering.graphite.enabled</code> kanggo ngganti ''value''-né saka <code>false</code> dadi <code>true</code>. Tèks ing larikané bakal dadi kandel. <u>Aja ngganti setting-setting liya ing kaca iki kejaba Panjenengan ngerti fungsi lan tujuané</u>. #*Tutup tab <code>about:config</code>. Dhukungan rendering fonta Graphite wis urip lan aktif. {| |- valign="top" |[[File:Javanese-script-support-1-mojibake.jpg|thumb|500|1. Tanpa font, aksara Jawa ing bagéan ndhuwur kaca iki bakal ora katon/mung katon kaya kothak-kothak]] |[[File:Carakan-Chrome 27.0.1453.116 m.png|thumb|500|2. Sawisé Panjenengan masang font, aksara Jawa wis bakal katon, nanging yèn migunakaké paramban saliyané Firefox, upamané Chrome, tampilané bakal salah. (per Tuladha Jejeg versi 2, tampilan di Chrome 27 pada gambar di atas pasangannya tidak terbentuk, dan taling yang seharusnya di kiri diletakkan di kanan aksara.)]] |[[File:Javanese-script-support-3b-firefox-without-graphite-enabled.jpg|thumb|500|Iki tampilan mawa paramban Firefox, nanging ''Graphite rendering'' durung diaktifaké]] |[[File:Javanese-script-support-3-firefox.jpg|thumb|500|3. Tampilan sawisé graphite rendering diaktifaké]] |[[File:Javanese-script-support-graphite-rendering-difference.jpg|thumb|500|Béda antarané ''Graphite rendering'' ora diaktifaké (ndhuwur) lan diaktifaké (ngisor)]] |} === Pratéla === Aksara Jawa iku cukup rumit sacara tèknis (''rendering''-é bisa rong arah (bi-directional)), amarga saben aksara bisa duwé karakter ing sisih tengené (pasangan ha, sa, pa, pa murda, nya, sandhangan tarung, wignyan, pangkon, pengkal), ing sisih kiwané (sandhangan taling), ing ndhuwur (sandhangan wulu, pepet, layar, cecak), uga ing ngisoré (pasangan, sandhangan wulu, panandha cakra, keret), lan kombinasiné, arupa salah siji kaunikan aksara Jawa dibandhing aksara-aksara liyané ing donya. Saka sisih tèknis, font Unicode sing dipasang iki (Tuladha Jejeg) migunakaké tèknologi ''smart font'' saka [[#Graphite|SIL Graphite]]<ref name="Graphite">http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?site_id=projects&item_id=graphite_home</ref> sing ndhukung panulisan (lan tampilan) aksara Jawa, bisa ditélakaké sacara sampurna. Masalahé, kanggo paramban wèb, amarga ora akèh aksara ing donya sing mbutuhaké fitur sakomplèks iku, nembé Firefox (11 munggah) sing ndhukung tèknologi iki, iku waé ora diaktifaké sacara otomatis, nanging kudu diuripaké sacara manual. Mula saka iku naraguna sing migunakaké Chrome, IE, Opera, Safari, lsp. ora bisa ndeleng aksara Jawa sing katampilaké kanthi bener. Panulisan aksara Jawa ing Wikipédia abasa Jawa mbutuhaké rong komponèn, siji kanggo nulis (input), lan siji kanggo nampilaké (output). Kanggo nulis, dipigunakaké [[:mw:Extension:Narayam|èkstènsi Narayam]], éwadéné kanggo maca, dipigunakaké [[:mw:Extension:WebFonts|èkstènsi WebFonts]] <u>plus ngaktifaké fitur [[#graphite]] ing Firefox</u>. Amarga kawinatesan iku, mula pangembang sing dihubungi liwat bugzilla mènèhi dalan metu arupa fitur WebFonts sing bakal dipasang mengko ora ditampilaké sacara ''default'', nanging kudu diaktifaké liwat préferènsi. Iki ana kurang luwihé dhéwé. Ing ngisor iki conto kasus: Jenis naraguna: a) naraguna sing mlebu log/ora mlebu log, b) papanggo sing ngaktifaké WebFont liwat préferènsi (utawa wis nginstal font Tuladha Jejeg)/ora nglakoni kaloroné utawa c) duwé font liya saliyané Tuladha Jejeg (TJ), d) naraguna sing migunakaké Firefox (FF)/ora migunakaké, e) naraguna sing ngaktifaké [[#graphite]]/ora ngaktifaké Modhe maca: {| class="wikitable" !a) Mlebu log/Ora !b) Pasang Font/Ora !c) Font Liya/Ora !d) Firefox/Ora !e) [[#Graphite|Graphite]]/Ora !Asil |- |{{OK|Iya}} |{{OK|Iya}} |{{OK|Iya}}/{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{OK|Iya}} |{{OK|Iya}} |{{OK}} Bakal tampil kanthi bener |- |{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{OK|Iya}} |{{OK|Iya}}/{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{OK|Iya}} |{{OK|Iya}} |{{OK}} Bakal tampil kanthi bener, asal b) kainstal font TJ |- |{{OK|Iya}}/{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{OK|Iya}} |{{OK|Iya}}/{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{OK|Iya}} |{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{NotOK}} Delengen poin [[#Bahasa Indonesia|no. 3]] ing ndhuwur |- |{{OK|Iya}}/{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{OK|Iya}} |{{OK|Iya}}/{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{NotOK}} Delengen poin [[#Bahasa Indonesia|no. 2]] ing ndhuwur |- |{{OK|Iya}}/{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{OK|Iya}} |{{OK|Iya}}/{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{OK|Iya}}/{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{NotOK}} Ora duwé TJ nanging duwé font liya ora bakal mbiyantu/<br>Mung bakal tampil kothak-kothak ([[:en:Mojibake]]) |- |{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{NotOK|Ora}} |{{NotOK}} Pangunjung anonim sing ora duwé font, lan oa migunakaké FF<br>mung bakal tampil kothak-kothak ([[:en:Mojibake]]) |} === Aksara Jawa === == English == Javanese Wikipedia displays [[aksara Jawa]] (Javanese script) using ''[[Pitulung:Tuladha Jejeg|Tuladha Jejeg]]'' font (https://sites.google.com/site/jawaunicode/). If you don't have this font, the display might fail to show the Javanese script, showing nonsensical boxes instead. To display the script correctly, you need three "F"s: Font, Firefox, and Feature Graphite: #'''Font''': #*(For anonymous user): Download Tuladha Jejeg font from the website (https://sites.google.com/site/jawaunicode/download). Then install the font as usual. #*(For logged in user): You could just log in to Javanese Wikipedia, go to [[Special:Preferences]] -> appearance -> check the "Use [[:mw:Extension:WebFonts|WebFonts]]" box. #'''Firefox''': You'll need the [http://getfirefox.com Firefox] browser (or any Gecko based browser, such as [http://palemoon.org Palemoon]) version 11 and above #* Chrome, Internet Explorer (IE), Opera, Safari, and other browser are currently not supported. Sorry. #(IMPORTANT) '''Feature Graphite''': Enable the ''Graphite rendering'' in your Firefox. Without this feature, the script will look incomprehensible. Follow these steps (https://sites.google.com/site/jawaunicode/home/firefox_graphite in Indonesian) #*Type <code>about:config</code> in the address bar. Press [Enter]. #*Press “'''I'll be careful, I promise!'''” #*'''Search''' for "graphite". #*Double click <code>gfx.font_rendering.graphite.enabled</code> to change the value from <code>false</code> to <code>true</code>. The line of text will be bold. <u>Don't change anything else! Other changes are at your own risk.</u> #*Close the tab <code>about:config</code>. The rendering support is now enabled and active. [[File:Javanese-script-support-1-mojibake.jpg|thumb|500|center|1. Without the font]] [[File:Carakan-Chrome 27.0.1453.116 m.png|thumb|500|center|2. With the font, without Firefox, (i.e. using Chrome) (per Tuladha Jejeg versi 2, tampilan di Chrome 27 pada gambar di atas pasangannya tidak terbentuk, dan taling yang seharusnya di kiri diletakkan di kanan aksara.)]] [[File:Javanese-script-support-3b-firefox-without-graphite-enabled.jpg|thumb|500|center|With the font, with Firefox, but without the feature Graphite]] [[File:Javanese-script-support-3-firefox.jpg|thumb|500|center|3. With all of the three "F"s]] [[File:Javanese-script-support-graphite-rendering-difference.jpg|thumb|500|center|Difference between ''Graphite rendering'' disabled (above) and enabled (below)]] === Table === {| class="wikitable" |+ Case I: WebFonts is not enabled by default !Login/Not !Have Font/Not !Firefox/Not ![[#Graphite|Graphite]]/Not !Result |- |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK}} Will display correctly |- |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK}} Will display correctly, as long you have TuladhaJejeg font installed |- |{{OK|Ya}}/{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK}} See point [[#English|no. 3]] above |- |{{OK|Ya}}/{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{OK|Ya}} |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK}} See point [[#English|no. 2]] above |- |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK|Tidak}} |{{NotOK}} Anonymous who don't have the font, and doesn't use FF will only see square boxes ([[:en:Mojibake]]) |} === Graphite === ;What is Graphite? Graphite () is a “smart font” system developed by SIL International to handle the complexities of lesser-known languages. A smart font contains not only letter shapes but also additional instructions indicating how to combine and position the letters in complex ways. Graphite can be used to create “smart fonts” capable of displaying writing systems with various complex behaviors, such as: * contextual shaping * ligatures * reordering * split glyphs * bidirectionality * stacking diacritics * complex positioning The Graphite system consists of: * a rule-based programming language Graphite Description Language (GDL) that can be used to describe the behavior of a writing system * a compiler for that language * a rendering engine that can serve as the back end of a text processing application. Graphite renders TrueType fonts that have been extended by means of compiling a GDL program. [http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/page.php?item_id=GraphiteFAQ#WhatIsGraphite] More information about Graphite is available on SIL’s website.<ref name="Graphite"/> ;How Graphite Works Graphite fonts are essentially TrueType fonts that have been extended with additional programming information indicating how to combine and position the letters in complex ways. ... But there are still a thousand other languages unsupported by today's operating systems, and Firefox support for Graphite aids the goal of the Mozilla Foundation to empower and enrich the lives of all people around the globe. With Graphite, the rules managing glyph behaviors are instead programmed into the font itself. Once an operating system or application supports Graphite, it does not need to know the specific rules for character behaviors in a particular language – it will be compatible with any Graphite font, in any language. Firefox for desktop operating systems support Graphite, as does Firefox for Android. Graphite also offers the ability to program more complex character interactions than with other systems. These are described in more detail on the SIL website.<ref name="Graphite"/> From: http://junglecode.net/graphite/ === SILA (SIL and Mozilla) project === SILA is a Mozilla development effort supported by UNESCO and SIL International. It is a key component of a joint project between UNESCO and SIL being carried out within the framework of UNESCO's Initiative B@bel (http://webworld.unesco.org/imld/babel_en.html) and SIL's Non-Roman Script Initiative (http://scripts.sil.org). Initiative B@bel seeks to provide wider more equitable access to information content and services on the Internet for all users, (particularly developing countries and those in transition) by promoting linguistic diversity in cyberspace and using information and communication technologies (ICTs), to ''protect and preserve endangered languages''. The development of technologies which enable minority language communities to publish on the Internet is a substantial contribution to this effort. ''Many language communities in the world today are not able to participate in the information age because their language cannot be implemented on today's computer systems.'' This causes a "digital divide". The goal of this project is to help eliminate this divide by designing and producing freely available software for these language communities. To learn more about this project please see http://www.sil.org/sil/news/2003/unesco.htm. ... Graphite is an open source project SIL International put together in September 2001. It is a complex script / language rendering engine origional written for Window platform. Currently there are other open source group port the Graphite window base code into Linux platform. Read the Graphite site for more information. The current module owner of Graphite is Sharon Correll <Sharon_Correll@sil.org>. Project SILA starts when Sharon Correll proposed to Frank Yung-Fong Tang <ftang@netscape.com> to intergrate Graphite rendering engine into Mozilla code during the 22th International Unicode Conference. After understand Sharon's vision about Graphite, Frank decided to spend his personal time to help Sharon to intergrate Graphite into the window version of Mozilla. (https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=172260) From: http://sila.mozdev.org/ (last modified 2005) === References === {{reflist}} *http://junglecode.net/graphite/ *http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphite_(SIL) *http://junglecode.net/graphite/examples.html (Javanese script example provided) beooooz3rx1akrib2j89aobmhe0tb97 0 129027 1752490 1585469 2026-08-08T15:39:11Z ~2026-43552-66 73974 1752490 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography | name = Alex Sandro | fullname = Alex Sandro Lobo Silva | image = | height = {{height|m=1.78|precision=0}} | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1991|1|26}} | birth_place = [[Catanduva]], [[Brazil]] | currentclub = [[Juventus F.C.|Juventus]] | clubnumber = TBA | position = [[Defender (football)|Left Wingback]] | youthyears1 = 2006–2008 | youthclubs1 = [[Clube Atlético Paranaense|Atletico Parananense]] | years1 = 2008–2010 | years2 = 2010–2011 | years3 = 2011–2015 | clubs1 = [[Clube Atlético Paranaense|Atletico Paranaense]] | clubs2 = [[Santos FC|Santos]] | clubs3 = [[F.C. Porto|Porto]] | caps1 = 17 | caps2 = 31 | caps3 = 86 | goals1 = 1 | goals2 = 1 | goals3 = 5 | nationalyears1 = 2011 | nationalteam1 = Brazil U20 | nationalcaps1 = 10 | nationalgoals1 = 0 | nationalyears2 = 2012 | nationalteam2 = Brazil U23 | nationalcaps2 = 3 | nationalgoals2 = 0 | nationalyears3 = 2011–2026 | nationalteam3 = [[Brazil national football team|Brazil]] | nationalcaps3 = 6 | nationalgoals3 = 0 | medaltemplates = {{MedalCountry| {{BRA}}}} {{MedalSport|Men's [[Football at the Summer Olympics|Football]]}} {{MedalSilver|[[2012 Summer Olympics|2012 London]]|[[Football at the 2012 Summer Olympics-Men's tournament|Team Competition]]}} | pcupdate = 20 Agustus 2015 | ntupdate = 7 September 2012 |clubs4 = [[Juventus F.C.|Juventus]]|years4 = 2015-|goals4 = 0|caps4 = 0}} '''Alex Sandro Silva Lobo''', utawa cekake '''Alex Sandro''' ({{lahirmati||26|01|1991}} di Catanduva, Brasil), ya iku satunggaling juru main bal-balan ingkang asalipun saking Nagari Brazil ingkang sapunika main ana ing klub Italia [[Juventus F.C.|Juventus]]. Wonten ing Juventus, juru main punika migunakaké nomer 12 kanggo tetengere. {{Skuat Juventus F.C.}} [[Kategori:Pamain bal-balan Brasil]] [[Kategori:Lair 1991]] [[Kategori:Pamain Juventus FC]] 94snnnih7p6axgktwzsxcfgpgfffhvv 1752491 1752490 2026-08-08T15:39:32Z ~2026-43552-66 73974 1752491 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography | name = Alex Sandro | fullname = Alex Sandro Lobo Silva | image = | height = {{height|m=1.78|precision=0}} | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1991|1|26}} | birth_place = [[Catanduva]], [[Brazil]] | currentclub = [[Juventus F.C.|Juventus]] | clubnumber = TBA | position = [[Defender (football)|Left Wingback]] | youthyears1 = 2006–2008 | youthclubs1 = [[Clube Atlético Paranaense|Atletico Parananense]] | years1 = 2008–2010 | years2 = 2010–2011 | years3 = 2011–2015 | clubs1 = [[Clube Atlético Paranaense|Atletico Paranaense]] | clubs2 = [[Santos FC|Santos]] | clubs3 = [[F.C. Porto|Porto]] | caps1 = 17 | caps2 = 31 | caps3 = 86 | goals1 = 1 | goals2 = 1 | goals3 = 5 | nationalyears1 = 2011 | nationalteam1 = Brazil U20 | nationalcaps1 = 10 | nationalgoals1 = 0 | nationalyears2 = 2012 | nationalteam2 = Brazil U23 | nationalcaps2 = 3 | nationalgoals2 = 0 | nationalyears3 = 2011–2026 | nationalteam3 = [[Brazil national football team|Brazil]] | nationalcaps3 = 6 | nationalgoals3 = 0 | medaltemplates = {{MedalCountry| {{BRA}}}} {{MedalSport|Men's [[Football at the Summer Olympics|Football]]}} {{MedalSilver|[[2012 Summer Olympics|2012 London]]|[[Football at the 2012 Summer Olympics-Men's tournament|Team Competition]]}} | pcupdate = 20 Agustus 2015 | ntupdate = 7 September 2012 |clubs4 = [[Juventus F.C.|Juventus]]|years4 = 2015-2026|goals4 = 0|caps4 = 0}} '''Alex Sandro Silva Lobo''', utawa cekake '''Alex Sandro''' ({{lahirmati||26|01|1991}} di Catanduva, Brasil), ya iku satunggaling juru main bal-balan ingkang asalipun saking Nagari Brazil ingkang sapunika main ana ing klub Italia [[Juventus F.C.|Juventus]]. Wonten ing Juventus, juru main punika migunakaké nomer 12 kanggo tetengere. {{Skuat Juventus F.C.}} [[Kategori:Pamain bal-balan Brasil]] [[Kategori:Lair 1991]] [[Kategori:Pamain Juventus FC]] mbc8ibg37okbjf5lrgyvpoehm5509yo 0 173445 1752506 1651151 2026-08-09T10:39:12Z CommonsDelinker 319 Removing [[:c:File:04.12_總統觀賞中華職棒比賽_Tsai_Ing-Wen_watching_baseball_with_Ah_Tsai.jpg|04.12_總統觀賞中華職棒比賽_Tsai_Ing-Wen_watching_baseball_with_Ah_Tsai.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Wdwd|Wdwd]] because: per [[:c:Commons:Deletion requests/F 1752506 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox animal|name=''Think Think'' and ''Ah Tsai''|successor=|known=|tricks=|awards=|title=|term=|predecessor=|owner=Tsai Ing-wen|role=Companionship, election support|residence=[[Official Residence of the President of the Republic of China]], Taiwan|parents=|children=|weight=|height=|appearance=|namedafter=|years_active=|employer=|image={{multiple image|perrow=1|image1=07.22 總統錄製Youtube影片.jpg|caption1 = Think Think|image2=|caption2 = Ah Tsai|image_style=border:none|width=260|align=center}}|breed=|image_size=|image_upright=|caption=|birth_name=|othername=Xiǎngxiǎng or 'Cookie'; and Ācái|species=[[Cat]]|gender=Female and Male|occupation=Presidential cats|birth_date=|birth_place=Taiwan|death_date=|death_place=|resting_place=|resting_place_coordinates=|nationality=Taiwanese|website=}}'''Think Think''' ( Chinese ) lan '''Ah Tsai''' (阿才; ) minangka loro kucing kagungane Presiden Taiwan, Tsai Ing-wen . ''Think Think'' minangka tapik abu-abu wanita, dene ''Ah Tsai'' yaiku jahe, lan lanang. <ref name="auto6">{{Cite news|url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/asia/989665/taiwans-cat-loving-president-to-adopt-retired-guide-dogs|title=Taiwan's cat-loving president to adopt retired guide dogs|date=26 May 2016|work=[[Bangkok Post]]|access-date=21 June 2016}}</ref> <ref name="nikkei1">{{Cite news|url=http://asia.nikkei.com/Politics-Economy/Policy-Politics/Tsai-Ing-wen-sworn-in-as-Taiwan-s-1st-female-president|title=Tsai Ing-wen sworn in as Taiwan's 1st female president|date=20 May 2016|work=[[Nikkei Asian Review]]|access-date=18 June 2016|archive-date=10 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810030944/http://asia.nikkei.com/Politics-Economy/Policy-Politics/Tsai-Ing-wen-sworn-in-as-Taiwan-s-1st-female-president|url-status=dead}}</ref> Tsai Ing-wen minangka salah sawijining wanita pisanan sing dipilih kanggo pimpinan negara Asia tanpa teka saka dinasti politik, lan sing pertama sing kanthi resmi mrentah negara sing nganggo basa Tionghoa wiwit Maharani Wu Zetian ing abad kaping wolu. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jan/15/tsai-ing-wen-former-professor-on-course-to-be-most-powerful-woman-in-chinese-speaking-world|title=Taiwan elections: the British educated scholar soon to be the most powerful woman in the Chinese-speaking world|last=Phillips|first=Tom|date=15 January 2016|work=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=18 June 2016}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://next.ft.com/content/47773f58-c02f-11e5-846f-79b0e3d20eaf|title=Tsai Ing-wen, Taiwan's next president|last=Bland|first=Ben|date=22 January 2016|work=[[Financial Times]]|access-date=18 June 2016}}</ref> ''Think Think'' diadopsi dening Tsai ing taun 2012, <ref name="nikkei12">{{Cite news|url=http://asia.nikkei.com/Politics-Economy/Policy-Politics/Tsai-Ing-wen-sworn-in-as-Taiwan-s-1st-female-president|title=Tsai Ing-wen sworn in as Taiwan's 1st female president|date=20 May 2016|work=[[Nikkei Asian Review]]|access-date=18 June 2016|archive-date=10 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810030944/http://asia.nikkei.com/Politics-Economy/Policy-Politics/Tsai-Ing-wen-sworn-in-as-Taiwan-s-1st-female-president|url-status=dead}}</ref> sawise digawa dadi bocah cilik sing ora duwe omah dening [[Yuan Legislatif|legislator]] [[Partai Progresif Demokrat]] (DPP) [[Hsiao Bi-khim]] . Hsiao nemokake bocah kasebut ing dalan sing lemu ing stasiun sepur cedhak [[Kutha Hualien|Hualien]] sawise [[Topan Saola (2012)|Topan Saola]] . <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.visiontimes.com/2016/02/05/meet-the-cats-of-taiwans-first-female-president.html|title=Meet the Cats of Taiwan's First Female President|last=Lu|first=Iris|date=5 February 2016|website=The Vision Times|access-date=18 June 2016}}</ref> ''Ah Tsai'' (tegese 'bakat') minangka kucing tani, lan hadiah saka kanca nalika kampanye presiden Tsai. <ref name="auto62">{{Cite news|url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/asia/989665/taiwans-cat-loving-president-to-adopt-retired-guide-dogs|title=Taiwan's cat-loving president to adopt retired guide dogs|date=26 May 2016|work=[[Bangkok Post]]|access-date=21 June 2016}}</ref> Kucing kasebut ditemokake ing sacedhake lapangan nanas ing [[Kabupaten Taitung|Kabupaten Taitung,]] Taiwan sisih wetan. <ref name="auto4">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hk01.com/台灣新聞/294719/情人節-蔡英文-曬-愛貓照-與貓共度-只要有愛就是好日子|title=【情人節】蔡英文「曬」愛貓照 與貓共度：只要有愛就是好日子|last=姜庚宇|date=2019-02-14|website=香港01|language=zh-HK|access-date=2020-07-13}}</ref> == Rujukan == [[Kategori:Artikel ngandhut tulisan abasa Cina]] [[Kategori:Artikel mawa mikroformat 'species']] r1iogzmgskdu32fh5s2f9jfx5x97l6o 0 199248 1752504 1737763 2026-08-09T07:56:17Z Auzif 50313 Ndandani paramasastra 1752504 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Dictators_-_Kim_Jong-Un_by_RepresentUs.webm|jmpl|Video tironmaya [[Kim Jong-un|Kim Jong Un]] dicipta ing taun 2020 dening paguyuban kawigaten (''advocacy group'') tanpehak (''nonpartisan'')RepresentUs]] '''Tironmaya''' utawa''''' deepfakes''''' ([[tembung camboran]] saka''''' '<nowiki/>'''deep'''''<nowiki/>'<nowiki/>''' ateges jumero lan''''' '<nowiki/>'''fake''<nowiki/>' ateges tiron<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|last=Wahab|first=Abdul|date=1 October 2025|title=Futures of Deepfake and society: Myths, metaphors, and future implications for a trustworthy digital future|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001632872500134X|journal=Futures|volume=173|doi=10.1016/j.futures.2025.103672|issn=0016-3287|url-access=subscription}}</ref> ) yaiku citra, video, utawa swara sing wis kabesut utawa kariptayasa (''generate'') nganggo [[Kacerdhasan gawéyan mangriptayasa|kacerdhasan gawéyan]], piranti birid AI (AI-''based''), utawa piranti alus pambesut video lan audio. Tironmaya bisa niru rupaning wong asli uga paraga rekan. Teknologi iki kalebu wujud [[medhia tiron]], yaiku medhia sing diripta dening kacerdhasan gawéyan kanthi cara nglumpukaké manèka werna bebakal medhia (''media element'') dadi wujud medhia anyar. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-93802-4|title=Deepfakes|last=Kalpokas|first=Ignas|last2=Kalpokiene|first2=Julija|publisher=Springer Cham|year=2022|isbn=978-3-030-93801-7|pages=1–2|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-93802-4}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Berry|first=David M.|date=19 March 2025|title=Synthetic media and computational capitalism: towards a critical theory of artificial intelligence|journal=AI & Society|language=en|arxiv=2503.18976|doi=10.1007/s00146-025-02265-2|issn=1435-5655|doi-access=free}}</ref> Nalika tumindak nggawé konten tiron duduk prakara anyar, tironmaya rada béda amarga piguna ''machine learning'' ([[Machine learning|gegilutan mesin]]) lan [[kacerdhasan gawéyan]], <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Juefei-Xu|first=Felix|last2=Wang|first2=Run|last3=Huang|first3=Yihao|last4=Guo|first4=Qing|last5=Ma|first5=Lei|last6=Liu|first6=Yang|date=1 July 2022|title=Countering Malicious DeepFakes: Survey, Battleground, and Horizon|journal=International Journal of Computer Vision|volume=130|issue=7|pages=1678–1734|doi=10.1007/s11263-022-01606-8|issn=1573-1405|pmc=9066404|pmid=35528632}}</ref> <ref name="Kietzmann-2020">{{Cite journal|last=Kietzmann|first=J.|last2=Lee|first2=L. W.|last3=McCarthy|first3=I. P.|last4=Kietzmann|first4=T. C.|year=2020|title=Deepfakes: Trick or treat?|url=https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/38737/1/1247050_Lee.pdf|journal=Business Horizons|volume=63|issue=2|pages=135–146|doi=10.1016/j.bushor.2019.11.006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229113358/https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/38737/1/1247050_Lee.pdf|archive-date=29 December 2022|access-date=30 December 2022}}</ref> <ref name="Waldrop">{{Cite journal|last=Waldrop|first=M. Mitchell|date=16 March 2020|title=Synthetic media: The real trouble with deepfakes|url=https://knowablemagazine.org/article/technology/2020/synthetic-media-real-trouble-deepfakes|journal=Knowable Magazine|publisher=Annual Reviews|doi=10.1146/knowable-031320-1|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221119155941/https://knowablemagazine.org/article/technology/2020/synthetic-media-real-trouble-deepfakes|archive-date=19 November 2022|access-date=19 December 2022|doi-access=free}}</ref> kalebu algoritma ''facial recognition'' ([[wewanuhan wadana]]) lan ''neural network'' ([[Neural network|jaringan talirasa tiron]]) kayata ''variational autoencoders'' ([[swapanyandhi manéka]]), dicekak VAEs uga ''generatif adversarial networks'' ([[jaringan sulaya mangriptayasa]]) dicekak GAN. <ref name="Kietzmann-2020" /> <ref name="Schwartz">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/nov/12/deep-fakes-fake-news-truth|title=You thought fake news was bad? Deep fakes are where truth goes to die|last=Schwartz|first=Oscar|date=12 November 2018|work=The Guardian|access-date=14 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616230351/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/nov/12/deep-fakes-fake-news-truth|archive-date=16 June 2019}}</ref> Sulihané, babagan forensik citra nggayuh cara murih bisa [[Pendeteksi konten kacerdhasan gawéyan|ndeteksi citra sing wes dimanipulasi]]. <ref name="Farid">{{Cite journal|last=Farid|first=Hany|date=15 September 2019|title=Image Forensics|url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev-vision-091718-014827|journal=Annual Review of Vision Science|volume=5|issue=1|pages=549–573|doi=10.1146/annurev-vision-091718-014827|issn=2374-4642|pmid=31525144|url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610171713/https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev-vision-091718-014827|archive-date=10 June 2024|access-date=20 September 2023}}</ref> Tironmaya marakaké akèh kawigaten amarga bisa piguna kanggo ngripta konten-konten kayata [[Palecehan seksual bocah|palecehan seksual marang bocah]], [[Vidéo porno selebritas|vidéo porno wong-wong kondhang]], ''revenge porn'' ([[pornografi endheman]]), [[warta palsu]], ''hoax'' ([[liron]]), ''bullying'' ([[pepoyok]]), tur [[artakrénah]] (''financial fraud''). <ref name="HighSnobiety2018">{{Cite news|url=https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/what-are-deepfakes-ai-porn/|title=What Are Deepfakes & Why the Future of Porn is Terrifying|last=Banks|first=Alec|date=20 February 2018|work=Highsnobiety|access-date=20 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714032914/https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/what-are-deepfakes-ai-porn/|archive-date=14 July 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theoutline.com/post/3179/deepfake-videos-are-freaking-experts-out|title=Experts fear face swapping tech could start an international showdown|last=Christian|first=Jon|website=The Outline|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200116140157/https://theoutline.com/post/3179/deepfake-videos-are-freaking-experts-out|archive-date=16 January 2020|access-date=28 February 2018}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/04/technology/fake-videos-deepfakes.html|title=Here Come the Fake Videos, Too|last=Roose|first=Kevin|date=4 March 2018|work=The New York Times|access-date=24 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618203019/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/04/technology/fake-videos-deepfakes.html|archive-date=18 June 2019|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Para nimpuna wis ngandharaké potènsi tironmaya bisa kanggo mbabar parikandha klèru (disinformasi) lan [[cinatur gegethingan]] (ujaran kebencian), <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uit.stanford.edu/news/dangers-deepfake-what-watch|title=Dangers of Deepfake: What to Watch For {{!}} University IT|website=uit.stanford.edu|access-date=11 August 2025}}</ref> uga bisa mrabawa lumakuné pamilihan umum. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://source.washu.edu/2024/08/political-deepfake-videos-no-more-deceptive-than-other-fake-news-research-finds/|title=Political deepfake videos no more deceptive than other fake news, research finds|last=Savat|first=Sara|date=19 August 2024|website=The Source|language=en-US|access-date=11 August 2025}}</ref> Kanggo nandangi prakara iki, indhustri [[Tèknologi informasi|teknologi parikandha]] lan pangrèh luhur mènèhi saran lan tatacara kanggo ndeteksi lan nyandhet pigunané tironmaya. Kajian akademik uga ngangsu kanthi jumero nggolèki lelantaran sing njumurung piguna tironmaya ing jroring (''online'') samana uga nggayuh tumindak kanggo nyandhet piguna alané. Saka klangenan biasa nganti klangenan modheren kaya [[Gim vidéo|gim]], teknologi tironmaya sansaya ora bisa dibédakaké saka kasunyatan,<ref>{{Cite book|title=2021 IEEE International IOT, Electronics and Mechatronics Conference (IEMTRONICS)|last=Caramancion|first=Kevin Matthe|date=21 April 2021|publisher=IEEE|isbn=978-1-6654-4067-7|pages=1–7|chapter=The Demographic Profile Most at Risk of being Disinformed|doi=10.1109/iemtronics52119.2021.9422597|access-date=9 June 2023|chapter-url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iemtronics52119.2021.9422597|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610170119/https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9422597/|archive-date=10 June 2024}}</ref> tur sumadya kanggo kabèh masarakat. Saéngga bisa mrabawa indhustri klangenan [[Médhia massa|medhia]]. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/en/2022/02/article_0003.html|title=Artificial Intelligence: Deepfakes in the Entertainment Industry|last=Lalla|first=Vejay|last2=Mitrani|first2=Adine|website=[[World Intellectual Property Organization]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108121107/https://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/en/2022/02/article_0003.html|archive-date=8 November 2022|access-date=8 November 2022|last3=Harned|first3=Zach}}</ref> jcrv71ymva6f5q95lnz8y5ne6shh39k 0 199261 1752505 1737808 2026-08-09T07:57:07Z Auzif 50313 Ndandani paramasastra 1752505 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Other uses}}'''Basantara,''' [[tembung camboran]] saka 'basa' lan 'antara' yaiku [[basa]] sing digunakaké ing [[Komunikasi|paguneman]] antara klumpukan wong sing beda [[Basa biyung|basa biyungé]]. Mliginé arupa basa katelu sing séjé saka basa sing dicatur asli dening kaloro panutur. Basa iki uga karan basa parantara, basa dedagang, utawa basa umum.<ref>Viacheslav A. Chirikba, "The problem of the Caucasian Sprachbund" in Pieter Muysken, ed., ''From Linguistic Areas to Areal Linguistics'', 2008, p. 31. {{ISBN|90-272-3100-1}}</ref> Basantara wis ngrembaka ing saindhenging donya salawas [[Sajarah|babading]] manungsa. Kadhang amarga kanggo niaga (saéngga karan "basa dedagang" murih tumindak dol tinuku bisa kalakon). Bisa uga jalaran liya kaya kabudayan, agama, diplomasi, administrasi, lan kanggo lelinton [[desana]] (''pertukaran informasi'') antar nimpuna saka séjé nagara. <ref name="Nye">{{Cite journal|last=Nye|first=Mary Jo|year=2016|title=Speaking in Tongues: Science's centuries-long hunt for a common language|url=https://www.sciencehistory.org/distillations/magazine/speaking-in-tongues|journal=Distillations|volume=2|issue=1|pages=40–43|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803130801/https://www.sciencehistory.org/distillations/magazine/speaking-in-tongues|archive-date=3 August 2020|access-date=20 March 2018}}</ref> <ref name="Gordin">{{Cite book|title=Scientific Babel: How Science Was Done Before and After Global English|last=Gordin|first=Michael D.|date=2015|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=9780226000299|location=Chicago, Illinois}}</ref> Tetembungan iki karan '<nowiki/>''lingua franca''<nowiki/>' ing [[basa Inggris]] sing dijupuk saka '''Mediterranean Lingua Franca''<nowiki/>' ([[Basantara Sagara Tengah|basantara Segara Tengah]]) abad tengahan. Yaiku [[basa pijin]] birid [[Kulawarga basa Romanika|basa Roman]] sing piguna dening bakul-bakul ing [[cekungan Sagara Tengah]] wiwit abad ka-11 nganti abad ka-19.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Italian-Based Pidgins and Lingua Franca|date=1975|series=Oceanic Linguistics Special Publications|volume=14|pages=70–72}}</ref> [[Basa donya]] —basa sing dicaturaké akèh wong saka manèka nagara— manawa bisa karan basantarané donya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/culture-online/case-studies/2022/mar/english-often-considered-de-facto-global-language|title=English of often considered the de facto global language...|last=Woll|first=Bensie|date=22 March 2022|website=University College London Culture Online|publisher=University College London|access-date=17 October 2024}}</ref> hi20uiccbyfibisun7wlt7up32mh4v2 0 200694 1752487 1752482 2026-08-08T13:33:30Z Meursault2004 3 + foto 1752487 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Adam Roarke "Ball Four" (1976 CBS press photo).JPG|thumb|Adam Roarke (1976)]] '''Adam Roarke''' (lair minangka '''Richard Jordan Gerler''', 8 Agustus 1937 - 27 April 1996) iku sawijiné aktor Amérika Sarékat. == Urip pribadi == [[Kategori:Lair 1937]] [[Kategori:Pati 1996]] [[Kategori:Paraga Star Trek]] 8bdyknql3fqd924ab8lsurxhjjxmwmz 1752488 1752487 2026-08-08T13:34:01Z Meursault2004 3 /* Urip pribadi */ 1752488 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Adam Roarke "Ball Four" (1976 CBS press photo).JPG|thumb|Adam Roarke (1976)]] '''Adam Roarke''' (lair minangka '''Richard Jordan Gerler''', 8 Agustus 1937 - 27 April 1996) iku sawijiné aktor Amérika Sarékat. == Urip pribadi == Roarke tilar donya ing Euless, Texas, déning serangan jantung ing taun 1996. [[Kategori:Lair 1937]] [[Kategori:Pati 1996]] [[Kategori:Paraga Star Trek]] nh9yflxh3od7j81qapx2ir2wa6mf5n7 1752498 1752488 2026-08-09T07:08:07Z Meursault2004 3 /* Urip pribadi */ 1752498 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Adam Roarke "Ball Four" (1976 CBS press photo).JPG|thumb|Adam Roarke (1976)]] '''Adam Roarke''' (lair minangka '''Richard Jordan Gerler''', 8 Agustus 1937 - 27 April 1996) iku sawijiné aktor Amérika Sarékat. == Urip pribadi == Roarke tilar donya ing Euless, Texas, déning serangan jantung ing taun 1996. == Filmografi == == Réferènsi == [[Kategori:Lair 1937]] [[Kategori:Pati 1996]] [[Kategori:Paraga Star Trek]] gscbwvz85xro22887t3ad0i7jrxsgzk 1752499 1752498 2026-08-09T07:09:26Z Meursault2004 3 /* Filmografi */ 1752499 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Adam Roarke "Ball Four" (1976 CBS press photo).JPG|thumb|Adam Roarke (1976)]] '''Adam Roarke''' (lair minangka '''Richard Jordan Gerler''', 8 Agustus 1937 - 27 April 1996) iku sawijiné aktor Amérika Sarékat. == Urip pribadi == Roarke tilar donya ing Euless, Texas, déning serangan jantung ing taun 1996. == Filmography == {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * 1962 ''[[13 West Street]]'' minangka Jack * 1963 ''[[The Virginian (TV series)|The Virginian]]'' (episode "A Portrait of Marie Valonne") minangka Jimmy Raker * 1963 ''[[Kraft Suspense Theatre]]'' (episode "Are There Any More Out There Like You?") minangka Paul Durbin * 1964 ''[[Arrest and Trial]]'' (episode "The Best There Is") minangka Sergeant Kelliher * 1964 ''[[The Alfred Hitchcock Hour]]'' ** (episode "A Matter of Murder") minangka Al (credited minangka Jordan Grant) ** (episode "The Sign of Satan") minangka Ed Walsh * 1964 ''[[Ensign Pulver]]'' minangka Mechanic (uncredited) * 1965 ''[[Fluffy (1965 film)|Fluffy]]'' minangka Bob Brighton * 1965 ''[[The Man from U.N.C.L.E.]]'' (episode "The Foxes and Hounds Affair") minangka Cantrell * 1965 ''[[Twelve O'Clock High (TV series)|Twelve O'Clock High]]'' (episode "I Am the Enemy") minangka Captain Davis * 1966 ''[[Star Trek: The Original Series]]'' (episodes [[The Cage (TOS episode)|"The Cage"]] and "[[The Menagerie (Star Trek: The Original Series)|The Menagerie]]") minangka C.P.O. Garrison (uncredited) * 1966 ''[[Women of the Prehistoric Planet]]'' minangka Harris * 1966 ''[[The Road West]]'' (episode "Minangkahes and Tallow and One True Love") minangka Hanson * 1966 ''[[Cyborg 2087]]'' minangka Deputy Dan * 1966 ''[[El Dorado (1966 film)|El Dorado]]'' minangka Matt MacDonald * 1967 ''[[Hells Angels on Wheels]]'' minangka "Buddy" * 1968 ''[[Psych-Out]]'' minangka Ben * 1968 ''[[The Savage Seven]]'' minangka Kisum * 1968 ''[[The Mod Squad]]'' (episode "The Guru") minangka Rick Potter * 1969 ''[[Hell's Belles (film)|Hell's Belles]]'' minangka "Tampa" * 1970 ''[[Nam's Angels]]'' minangka "Duke" * 1970 ''[[A Bullet for Pretty Boy]]'' minangka Preacher * 1972 ''[[Frogs (film)|Frogs]]'' minangka Clint Crockett * 1972 ''[[Play It minangka It Lays (film)|Play It minangka It Lays]]'' minangka Carter Lang * 1973 ''[[Medical Center (TV series)|Medical Center]]'' (episode "Night Cry") minangka Michael * 1973 ''This Is a Hijack'' minangka Mike Christie * 1973 ''[[Slaughter's Big Rip-Off]]'' minangka Harry (uncredited) * 1974 ''[[Dirty Mary, Crazy Larry]]'' minangka Deke Sommers * 1975 ''[[How Come Nobody's on Our Side?]]'' minangka Parson * 1976 ''[[The Four Deuces]]'' minangka Russ Timmons, The Reporter * 1976 ''The Keegans'' (TV movie) minangka Larry Keegan * 1977 ''[[Hughes and Harlow: Angels in Hell]]'' minangka Howard Hawks * 1978 ''[[Return from Witch Mountain]]'' minangka Museum Security Guard (uncredited) * 1979 ''[[The Hardy Boys Mysteries]]'' (episode "Life on the Line") minangka Willie Osborne * 1980 ''[[The Stunt Man]]'' minangka Raymond Bailey * 1981 ''[[CHiPs]]'' (episode "Home Fires Burning") minangka Ray Evans * 1982 ''[[The Beach Girls (1982 film)|The Beach Girls]]'' minangka Carl Purdue * 1982 ''And They Are Off'' minangka Dale Campbell * 1986 ''Trespminangkases'' minangka Drifter * 1988 ''[[Slipping Into Darkness]]'' minangka Sheriff * 1994 ''[[Dangerous Touch]]'' minangka Robert Turner * 1994 ''[[Sioux City (film)|Sioux City]]'' minangka Douglminangka Goldman (final film role) {{div col end}} == Réferènsi == [[Kategori:Lair 1937]] [[Kategori:Pati 1996]] [[Kategori:Paraga Star Trek]] 6qzjt1jtxz8662kuxbgo3jjj8u4s175 0 200696 1752493 2026-08-09T02:19:11Z Auzif 50313 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1367583677|Film industry]]" 1752493 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Samukriya pafileman''', '''samukriya gambar mobah''', '''indhustri pafileman''', utawa asring mung karan '''indhustri filem''' yaiku [[Indhustri|samukriya]] (''industri'') sing kasusun saka pehak-pehak kang ngemunah babagan tehnis lan banijakarma (''komersial'') ing panggarapan filem. Pehak-pehak iki bisa arupa parusahan kirta (''produksi'') filem, [[sanggar filem]], [[sinematografi]], [[animasi]], [[panulisan naskah]], [[purwakirta]] (''praproduksi''), [[pascakirta]], [[Pistaraya filem|pistaraya]] (''festival'') filem, [[panganjrahan]] (''distribusi''), lan para [[Aktor|juru paraga]]. Gedhéné wragad kanggo nggarap filem marakaké akèh filem dikirta dening parusahan-parusahan gedhé sing wis mapan. Nanging, amarga sapréné wiwit akèh piranti-piranti kirta sing murah, tur kalodhangan kanggo piwoleh modhal sajaba samukriya filem tansaya jembar, mula akèh wujud kirta-kirta [[filem mandhiri]]. [[Filem laris]] (''box office'') sadonya nyathet pangasilan taunan ing 2019 cacahé $42.2 milyar, <ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficepro.com/mpa-2019-global-box-office-and-home-entertainment-surpasses-100-billion|title=MPA: 2019 Global Box Office and Home Entertainment|date=2020|publisher=Motion Picture Association}}</ref> Nanging angka iki mudhun ing 2025 dadi $33.5 milyar. <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2026/01/global-box-office-2025-report-hollywood-studio-rankings-1236660512/|title=Global Box Office Estimated At $33.5B; Anime Explodes In Up-And-Down Year: Studio Report Cards|last=Tartaglione|first=Nancy|date=2026-01-02|website=Deadline|language=en-US|access-date=2026-05-04}}</ref> Yen filem laris ngatutaké [[Vidéo omahan|langen omahan]] (''home entertainment'') samukriya filem donya nyathet pangasilan taunan $136 milyar ing 2018. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ibisworld.com/industry-trends/global-industry-reports/other-community-social-personal-service-activities/movie-production-distribution.html|title=Global Movie Production & Distribution Industry: Industry Market Research Report|date=August 2018|website=IBISWorld|access-date=22 January 2019}}</ref> Lan mudhun dadi $112.93 milyar ing 2025. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/movies-entertainment-market|title=Movies And Entertainment Market (2026–2033)|website=Grand View Research|access-date=2026-05-04}}</ref>[[Hollywood]] minangka samukriya filem nagara paling tuwa sadonya, uga paling dhuwur ing pangasilan kasar filem laris. Déné samukriya [[pafileman Indhi]] minangka samukriya paling gedhé ing kirta filem dawa (''feature film'') uga pasar paling gedhé ing piadol tiket. s89fn6sebdkswx39ghlpvngn608adi9 0 200697 1752494 2026-08-09T03:14:31Z Auzif 50313 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1363976870|Film studio]]" 1752494 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Office_View_of_the_Warner_Bros_Studio_Lot_-_panoramio.jpg|jmpl|Pasawangan saka Warner Bros. Studios ing Burbank.]] '''Sanggar filem''' utawa '''studhio filem''' yaiku [[Langen|parusahan langen]] utama sing nggawé [[Film|filem]]. Nanging sapréné, sanggar filem ora mung nggawé filem. Dhèwèké uga mbandhani lan nganjrah (''mendistribusikan'') filem. Sanggar bisa ndarbé prasarané dhéwé. Nangging sapérangan gedhé sanggar kudu nyéwa prasarana kaya [[Sanggar|papan panggonan]] saka parusahan liya. Proses suting sabén dinan lumrahé tumandang dening [[parusahan kirta]] saka anak parusahané. Ana uga sanggar jinis liya sing [[Parusahan tinutup|ndarbè prasaranané dhéwé]] nanging ora ngirta (''memproduksi'') filem, namung nyéwakaké utawa adol papan panggonan. rpiq429ajlhnafvytu699mfvnbbe9co 0 200698 1752495 2026-08-09T03:29:02Z Auzif 50313 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1367295210|Pre-production]]" 1752495 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Purwakirta''' utawa '''praprodhuksi''' yaiku tumindak ngrantam maneka babagan sing ana ing [[Film|filem]], [[Acara TV|acara tivi]], [[pagelaran sandiwara]], utawa rupa-rupa [[pagelaran]] liya. Purwakirta séjé karo kirta (''produksi'') lan pascakirta (''pascaproduksi''). Purwakirta rampung nalika rantaman wis rampung lan kirta diwiwiti. b8b29pwwf26f0tvhc3rtsn73p3bdmks 1752496 1752495 2026-08-09T03:29:49Z Auzif 50313 /* */ 1752496 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Purwakirta''' utawa '''praprodhuksi''' yaiku tumindak ngrantam maneka babagan sing ana ing [[Film|filem]], [[Acara TV|acara tivi]], [[pagelaran sandiwara]], utawa rupa-rupa [[pagelaran]] liya. Purwakirta séjé karo kirta (''produksi'') lan [[pascakirta]] (''pascaproduksi''). Purwakirta rampung nalika rantaman wis rampung lan kirta diwiwiti. k987mh2s15d0ft5rm24o0xe0hmpxawa 0 200699 1752497 2026-08-09T04:40:13Z Auzif 50313 Created by translating the opening section from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1362022850|Fantastic Fest]]" 1752497 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Fantastic Fest''' yaiku [[Pistaraya filem|pistaraya]] (''festival'') filem taunan ing [[Austin, Texas]], Amérika Sarékat, sing ngemataké [[lagak]] [[filem kayal]], [[Filem girig|girig]] (''horor''), [[Fiksi sains|rekan èlmiyah]], [[Filem laga|laga]], lan [[filem-filem kultus]]. Pistaraya iki diadegaké ing 2005 dening [[Tim Leage]] saka [[Alamo Drafthouse]]. Pistaraya iki minangka pistaraya paling gedhé lan paling diajèni ing [[Amérika Sarékat]], uga minangka telung pistaraya paling gedhé ing donya bebarengan karo [[Pistaraya Filem Sitges|Sitges]] lan [[Pistaraya Filem Nagarantara Fantasia|Fantasia]]. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dreadcentral.com/news/424491/the-best-horror-festivals-in-the-world-2022/|title=The Best Horror Festivals in the World 2022|last=Weinstein|first=Max|date=2022-03-23|website=Dread Central|language=en-US|access-date=2025-03-01}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dreadcentral.com/news/364442/the-best-horror-festivals-in-the-world-2021/|title=The Best Horror Festivals in the World 2021|last=Weinstein|first=Max|date=2020-12-23|website=Dread Central|language=en-US|access-date=2025-03-01}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moviemaker.com/best-genre-festivals-2021/3/|title=World's 50 Best Genre Film Festivals 2021 — MovieMaker|date=2020-10-27|website=www.moviemaker.com|language=en-US|access-date=2025-03-06}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://adriantofei.com/top-100-international-horror-film-festivals/|title=Top 100 Fantastic & Horror Film Festivals in 2025 + Submission Tips|date=2015-01-28|website=Adrian Țofei • Official Site|language=en|access-date=2025-03-07}}</ref> Lisa Dreyer minangka pandhéga pistarayané (''festival director''). Déné [[Annick Mahnert]] minangka kapala acarané (''head of programming''). kyz3an8klrtx3gi5k2fhom9fdl8h5qb 0 200700 1752500 2026-08-09T07:12:53Z Meursault2004 3 Rintisan saka [[:en:Michelle Yeoh|]] 1752500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{inuse}} '''Michelle Yeoh Choo Kheng Todt''' (lair minangka '''Yeoh Choo Kheng''', 6 Agustus 1962) iku sawijiné aktris Malaysia. [[Kategori:Lair 1962]] [[Kategori:Wong urip]] [[Kategori:Paraga Star Trek]] lipc55pq6ekaeccbcwhmlnep39reud9 1752501 1752500 2026-08-09T07:54:04Z Meursault2004 3 Ngeneraké kaca menyang [[Michelle Yeoh Choo Kheng]] 1752501 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Michelle Yeoh Choo Kheng]] rvz1vijotw4w09s6txhfisnpkwo5ob6 0 200701 1752503 2026-08-09T07:56:02Z Meursault2004 3 Rintisan saka [[:en:Lycia Naff|]] 1752503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{inuse}} '''Lycia Naff''' iku sawijiné aktris Amérika Sarékat. [[Kategori:Paraga Star Trek]] 2pn2h0pcgkij5l69h3ppyiadllsumx2