Wikipédia jvwiki https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Pendhapa MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.19 first-letter Médhia Mirunggan Parembugan Naraguna Parembugan Naraguna Wikipédia Parembugan Wikipédia Barkas Parembugan Barkas MédhiaWiki Parembugan MédhiaWiki Cithakan Parembugan Cithakan Pitulung Parembugan Pitulung Kategori Parembugan Kategori Gapura Parembugan Gapura TimedText TimedText talk Modhul Parembugan Modhul Acara Pembicaraan Acara Johann Sebastian Bach 0 1688 1756295 1413615 2026-09-11T13:28:07Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 /* Rujukan */ 1756295 wikitext text/x-wiki {{artikel ing krama}} [[Gambar:Bach.jpg|thumb|175px|Johann Sebastian Bach]] '''Johann Sebastian Bach''' ({{lahirmati|[[Eisenach]], [[Jerman]]|21|3|1685||28|7|1750}}<ref>tanggal lair miturut [[Kalèndher Julian]]</ref>), punika satunggiling komposer [[musik]] saking [[Jerman]]. Piyambakipun sajatinipun juru orgèl ing satunggiling [[gréja]] ing [[Arnstadt]], lajeng nyambut damel ing [[Mühlhausen]], [[Weimar]] kaliyan pungkasanipun ing [[Leipzig]]. Panjenenganipun nggubah musik kanggé [[piranti musik]] [[organ]], [[harpsichord]] lan [[clavichord]], lan ugi kanggé [[orkestra]]. Karyanipun ingkang paling misuwur inggih punika ''[[Brandenburg concerto]]''. == Pratélan karya == * Matthäeus Passion * ''[[Mit Fried und Freud ich fahr dahin]] * Salah satunggil conto [[komposisi]] ingkang dipundamel déning Johann Sebastian Bach: {{listen|filename=Wtk1-fugue2.mid|title=Wtk1-fugue2.mid|description=Prelude No.2 In C Minor-Well-Tempered Clavier 1|format=[[Mid]]}} == Rujukan == {{Commons category|Johann Sebastian Bach}} {{reflist}} {{Artikel Dhasar}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bach, Johann Sebastian}} [[Kategori:Komponis]] [[Kategori:Artikel mawa basa krama]] [[Kategori:Pemusik]] {{musikus-stub}} q9ibqr92gmz15w3lzb7pt3rgmcgi7il Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 0 1690 1756301 1749294 2026-09-11T13:31:03Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 1756301 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:The Mozart Family - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart headshot.jpg|thumb|Gambar Mozart ing [[Salzburg]], [[Ostenrik]] ([[1781]]).]] '''Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart''' ([[Salzburg]], [[27 Januari]] [[1756]]–[[Wina]], [[5 Dhésèmber]] [[1791]]), punika satunggiling komposer musik saking [[Ostenrik]]. Piyambakipun saged kaangep juru musik ingkang jénius. Saking wiwit alit sampun saged manggubah musik klasik. Karyanipun kathah sanget (kirang langkung 700 lagu). Karya-karyanipun antawis sanès: Pawiwahan Figaro (''Le nozze di Figaro'') ([[1786]]), Don Giovanni ([[1787]]), kaliyan Sruling Ajaib (''Die Zauberflöte'') ([[1791]]). Karyanipun ingkang pungkasan, Requiem, dèrèng bibar awit sampun tilar donya. Lajeng karya punika dipunbibaraken déning [[Franz Xaver Süssmayr]]. == Pratélan komposisi == Mozart nilaraken warisan komposisi musik kathah sanget. Komposisi-komposisinipun sampun dipunpilah-pilah per ''genre'' (jinis) ing K.V. (Köchel-Verzeichnis, 1937). Sawijining ringkesan cekak karya Mozarts ugi naté dipunterbitaken ing 1951 mawi judhul ''Der kleine Köchel''. Lajeng ugi wonten ''Verzeichnüss'', punika cekakan saking ''Verzeichnüss aller meiner Werke'' ([[1784]]-[[1791]]), sawijining pratélan komposisi ingkang dipunserat déning Mozart piyambak. Lajeng ugi wonten sistèm AMV (Alte Mozart-Ausgabe) kaliyan NMA (Neue Mozart-Ausgabe) ingkang dipun-ginakaken. '''Pratélan opera Mozart:''' {| border="1" cellpadding="5" |----- | Judhul || KV || bibar ing || isi || sanès-sanès |----- | [[Die Schuldigkeit des erstes Gebotes]] | KV35 || 1767 || || |----- | [[Apollo et Hyacinthus]] || KV38 || 1767 | || |----- | [[Bastien en Bastienne]] || KV50 || 1768 | || |----- | [[La finta semplice]] || KV51 || 1768 | || |----- | [[Mitridate]] || KV87 || 1770 || || |----- | [[Ascanio in Alba]] || KV111 || 1771 | || |----- | [[Betulia Liberata]] || KV118 || 1771 | [[Judith]] kaliyan [[Holofernes]] || |----- | [[Il sogno di Scipione]] || KV126 || 1772 | || |----- | [[Lucio Silla]] || KV135 || 1772 || || |----- | [[Thamos, König in Ägypten]] || || 1773, 1775 | || |----- | [[La finta giardiniera]] || KV196 || 1774 | || |----- | [[Il rè pastore]] || KV208 || 1775 || || |----- | [[Zaide]] || KV344 || 1779 || || |----- | [[Idomeneo]] || KV366 || 1780 || | |----- | [[Die Entführung aus dem Serail]] || KV384 | 1782 || || |----- | [[L'oca del Cairo]] || KV422 || || || |----- | [[Lo sposo deluso]] || KV430 || || || |----- | [[Der Schauspieldirektor]] || KV486 || | || |----- | [[Le nozze di Figaro]] || KV492 || 1786 | Satunggiling tukang cukur ingkang gandrung || |----- | [[Don Giovanni]] || KV527 || 1787 || Satunggiling ''playboy'' || |----- | [[Così fan tutte]] || KV588 || 1789 || || |----- | [[Die Zauberflöte]] || KV620 || 1791 | prakawis ''free masonry'' (''vrijmetselarij'') || |----- | [[La clemenza di Tito]] || KV621 || 1791 | || |} == Requiem == Ing warsa [[1791]] Mozart kadhatengan tiyang ingkang boten dipuntepangi. Piyambakipun kajeng pesen satunggiling [[misa]] [[Requiem]]. Alesan saha jati dhirinipun boten purun dipunbèbèraken. Bésok tibakipun tiyang punika Raden Franz von Walsegg-Stuppach. Priyantun punika panci gadhah kabiasaan pesen komposisi musik lajeng dipunsalin kaliyan dipunakoni piyambak. Rikala Mozart nampi pesenan punika, Mozart sampun boten saras malih. Amargi gadhah pesenan sanès, Mozart saweg saged nyerat requiem punika rikala sangsaya sakit badanipun ngantos séda. Pungkasanipun karya punika dipunbibaraken déning [[Franz Xaver Süssmayr]]. Piyambakipun salah satunggiling siswanipun. {{Artikel Dhasar}} [[Kategori:Pangripta Ostenrik]] [[Kategori:Komponis]] [[Kategori:Artikel mawa basa krama]] [[Kategori:Pemusik]] {{stub}} 3vuate1k5d9o1kvdvuk6brmxjjgv8cp Richard Wagner 0 1691 1756299 1599498 2026-09-11T13:29:56Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 /* */ 1756299 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:RichardWagner.jpg|thumb|Richard Wagner]] '''Wilhelm Richard Wagner''' ({{lahirmati||22|5|1813||13|2|1883}}) punika satunggiling komposer musik saking [[Jerman]] ingkang misuwur, [[pakar téyori musik]], lan [[penulis|panyerat]], nanging paling misuwur liwat karya [[opera]]nipun. Musikipun taksih asring dipunmainaken, ingkang paling misuwur inggih punika "Ride of the Valkyries" saking ''[[Die Walküre]]'' lan "Bridal Chorus" saking ''[[Lohengrin]]''. Wagner ugi wujud satunggiling tokoh ingkang kontroversial sanget, amargi inovasi musik lan inovasi dramanipun lan ugi amargi panjenenganipun punika satunggiling panyengkuyung pamikiran-pamikiran [[anti-semitisme]]. Salebetipun sajarah musik, panjenengaipun dipungolongaken minangka komponis saking [[Jaman Romantik (Musik)|Jaman Romantik]]. Karya-karyanipun antawis sanès: Ring von Nibelungen ([[1876]]), Tannhäuser ([[1845]], revisi [[1861]]), Tristan und Isolde ([[1865]]), kaliyan Parsifal ([[1882]]). {{Artikel Dhasar}} {{Romantisisme}} [[Kategori:Komponis]] [[Kategori:Artikel mawa basa krama]] [[Kategori:Pemusik]] [[Kategori:Lair 1813]] {{bio-stub}} 2lf2sdsmj9sgnfg1dxekb4w7z1scmzd Kategori:Juru Musik 14 2462 1756302 840855 2026-09-11T13:32:12Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 /* */ 1756302 wikitext text/x-wiki #Redirect [[Kategori:Komponis]] p9vukytp6sta9p8lvy61t7fpoth75gv Albino, Italia 0 21347 1756315 1290524 2026-09-11T22:32:56Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756315 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox CityIT | img_coa = Albino-Stemma.png| official_name = Comune Albino| region = [[Lombardia]]| provinsi = [[Provinsi Bergamo|Bergamo]] (BG)| elevation_m = 342-410| area_total_km2 = 31.32| population_as_of = [[August 15]], [[2005]]| population_total = 17507| population_density_km2 = 558| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]], [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]+1 | coordinates = {{coor dm|45|45|N|9|47|E|region:IT}}| frazioni = Bondo Petello, Desenzano al Serio, Comenduno, Vall'Alta, Fiobbio, Abbazia, Dossello, Casale, Grumelduro | telephone = 035| postalcode = 24021| gentilic = Albinesi| saint = Sts. Julian and Albinus| day = [[9 Januari]] | mayor = Piergiacomo Rizzi| website = [http://www.albino.it www.albino.it] | }} [[Gambar:Albino madonna della gamba Desenzano.jpg|thumb|250px|Sanctuary ''Madonna della Gamba''.]] '''Albino''' iku sawijining ''[[comune]]'' ing [[Provinsi Bergamo]], ing region [[Lombardia]], [[Italia]] pérangan lor. Kutha iki dumunung ing sisih lor [[Bergamo]] ana ing lembah [[Seriana]]. [[Gambar:Albino panoramica 01.jpg|thumb|left|Panorama kutha Albino.]] <!-- == History== Archaeological findings have showed that the area was already settled in the [[Copper Age]]. In [[ancient Rome|Roman times]] there were settlements in the area (probably of Gaulish origin), though the first document mentioning a ''in vico Albines'' dates from [[892]] AD. Later, entangled in the struggles between [[Guelphs and Ghibellines]], the town was strongly fortified, a castle being built in the 14th century. Later it was under the [[Republic of Venice]], with a strong increasing of textile and iron industry, peculiarities which characterize Albino still today. ==Main sights== *''Parrocchiale di San Giuliano'', founded in [[898]]. Rebuilt in neoclassicist style in the early 19th century, it houses works by [[Giovan Battista Moroni]], [[Enea Salmeggia]] and others. The bell tower (1497) was designed by [[Cosimo Fanzago]]. *Convent of ''San Bartolomeo'' (12th century), in Lombard-[[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] style. It includes frescoes from the 16th century renovation, 21 wooden sculptures in the choir and polyptych in gilted wood. It is a national monument. *Sanctuary of the ''Madonna del Pianto'' (15th century). It is home to a canvas by Moroni with ''Christ Carrying the Cross'' and one by Salmaggia, ''The Deposition''. *Church of the Conception (late 15th century). It has a notable portico and a frescoes from the 14th and 16th centuries. *Sanctuary of the Madonna of the Snow, on the country road leading to [[Selvino]]. It dates from the 16th century, and has frescoes from the same age which were recently restored. *Church of ''Sant'Anna'' (16th century), designed by [[Giovan Battista Caniana]]. *Sanctuary of Altino (16th century), in the ''[[frazione]]'' Vall'Alta. *[[Cistercian]] Abbey *Sanctuary of ''Madonna della Gamba'' ("Madonna of the Leg"), in the ''frazione'' Desenzano al Serio. Erected from 1448, it honours a miracle happened in 1440, when a maiden, praying the Virgin, was miraculously saved from the injuries received to her leg. It houses works by Enea Salmeggia, [[Palma il Giovane]], [[Andrea Fantoni]] and others. *Parish of St. Peter, a notable example of Lombard-Gothic architecture, in the ''frazione'' Desenzano al Serio. *''Casa della Misericordia'', with frescoes by Moroni (1570). *''Casa Solari'' 816th century). --> == Kutha kang wewatesan == * [[Aviatico]] * [[Gazzaniga]] * [[Cene]] * [[Gaverina Terme]] * [[Casazza]] * [[Vigano San Martino]] * [[Borgo di Terzo]] * [[Luzzana]] * [[Trescore Balneario]] * [[Cenate Sopra]] * [[Pradalunga]] * [[Selvino]] == Dhémografi == '''Tuwuhing sing ndunungi''' <timeline> Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.7) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8) ImageSize = width:455 height:373 PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:30 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:20000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:5000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:1000 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo BarData= bar:1861 text:1861 bar:1871 text:1871 bar:1881 text:1881 bar:1901 text:1901 bar:1911 text:1911 bar:1921 text:1921 bar:1931 text:1931 bar:1936 text:1936 bar:1951 text:1951 bar:1961 text:1961 bar:1971 text:1971 bar:1981 text:1981 bar:1991 text:1991 bar:2001 text:2001 PlotData= color:barra width:20 align:left bar:1861 from:0 till: 5659 bar:1871 from:0 till: 6235 bar:1881 from:0 till: 6829 bar:1901 from:0 till: 9339 bar:1911 from:0 till: 10820 bar:1921 from:0 till: 11930 bar:1931 from:0 till: 11664 bar:1936 from:0 till: 11048 bar:1951 from:0 till: 12375 bar:1961 from:0 till: 13262 bar:1971 from:0 till: 13591 bar:1981 from:0 till: 15161 bar:1991 from:0 till: 15769 bar:2001 from:0 till: 16394 PlotData= bar:1861 at: 5659 fontsize:S text: 5.659 shift:(-8,5) bar:1871 at: 6235 fontsize:S text: 6.235 shift:(-10,5) bar:1881 at: 6829 fontsize:S text: 6.829 shift:(-10,5) bar:1901 at: 9339 fontsize:S text: 9.339 shift:(-10,5) bar:1911 at: 10820 fontsize:S text: 10.820 shift:(-10,5) bar:1921 at: 11930 fontsize:S text: 11.930 shift:(-10,5) bar:1931 at: 11664 fontsize:S text: 11.664 shift:(-10,5) bar:1936 at: 11048 fontsize:S text: 11.048 shift:(-10,5) bar:1951 at: 12375 fontsize:S text: 12.375 shift:(-10,5) bar:1961 at: 13262 fontsize:S text: 13.262 shift:(-10,5) bar:1971 at: 13591 fontsize:S text: 13.591 shift:(-10,5) bar:1981 at: 15161 fontsize:S text: 15.161 shift:(-10,5) bar:1991 at: 15769 fontsize:S text: 15.769 shift:(-10,5) bar:2001 at: 16394 fontsize:S text: 16.394 shift:(-10,5) TextData= fontsize:S pos:(20,20) text:fonte ISTAT - elaborazione grafica a cura di Wikipedia </timeline> == Pranala njaba == * [http://www.geocities.com/HotSprings/3982/profile/bergamo.htm About Albino] * [http://digilander.libero.it/tdsotm2/ Coat of arms of Albino] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018090053/https://digilander.libero.it/tdsotm2/ |date=2022-10-18 }} * [http://www.mapquest.com/maps/map.adp?tb=1&city=Albino&country=IT Mapquest - Albino] {{Provinsi Bergamo}} {{Lombardia}} {{Italia}} [[Kategori:Kutha ing Lombardia]] [[Kategori:Kutha ing Itali]] [[Kategori:Itali]] {{geo-stub}} 7v2o4960d56y05xrj9mjo4s08ff9yi4 Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Udara 0 24246 1756335 1736295 2026-09-12T08:43:14Z Presiden revanisme 70645 /* Pesawat Tempur */ 1756335 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Insignia of the Indonesian Air Force.svg|thumb|150px|Lambang TNI-AU]] {{TNI}} '''Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Udhara''' ('''TNI-AU''') iku péranganing [[Tentara Nasional Indonésia]] kang dibawahi Kepala Staf TNI Angkatan Udara, dicekak [[KSAU]] kang wektu iki diwengku déning Marsekal TNI [[Subandrio]]. TNI-AU duwèni loro komando operasi ya iku [[Komando Operasi Angkatan Udara I]] (Koops AU I) kang markasé dumununbg ing Halim Perdanakusumah, [[Jakarta]] lan [[Komando Operasi Angkatan Udara II]] (Koops AU II) kang markasé ing kutha [[Makassar]]. == Tugas TNI-AU == Miturut UU TNI pasal 10, Angkatan Udara duwé: * Nglaksanakaké tugas TNI [[matra udara]] ing babagan [[pertahanan]]; * Njejegaké hukum lan njaga kaamanan ing [[wewengkon udara]] [[yurisdiksi nasional]] miturut katentuan hukum nasional lan hukum internasional kang wis diratifikasi; * Nglaksanakaké tugas TNI sajeroning pembangunan lan pengembangan kakuwatan matra udara; sarta * Nglaksanakaké pemberdayaan [[wewengkon pertahanan udara]]. == Pesawat Tempur == [[Gambar:Tni-au su-30 1.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Su-30MK2 TNI-AU]] [[Gambar:Blue Falcon.jpg|thumb|right|250px|F-16A TNI-AU]] {| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" {{prettytable}} |- ! Pesawat ! Cacahé ! Operasional |- | [[Sukhoi Su27SK/Su30MK]] | 16 | 16 |- | [[Hawk Mk109/209]] | 40 | 36 |- | [[Hawk Mk53]] | 16 | 8 |- | [[F16A/B/C/D block 15 OCU/ Block 52]] | 34 | 34 |- | [[Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan]] | 1,300 | 1,300 |- | [[T-50 Golden Eagle]] | 16 | 16 |- | [[Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano]] | 16 | 16 |} == Uga delengen == * [[Kepala Staf TNI Angkatan Udara]] * [[Tentara Nasional Indonésia]] * [[Angkatan Dharat]] * [[Angkatan Laut]] * [[Flight Paskhas TNI-AU]] == Pranala njaba == * [http://www.dephan.go.id Situs resmi Departemen Pertahanan RI] * [http://www.tni.mil.id Situs resmi TNI] * [http://www.tni-au.mil.id Situs resmi TNI AU] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213051455/http://www.tni-au.mil.id/ |date=2021-02-13 }} * [http://www.tempointeraktif.com/hg/timeline/2004/05/10/tml,20040510-02,id.html Sajarah TNI-AU] [[Kategori:Tentara Nasional Indonésia]] [[Kategori:TNI-AU| ]] [[Kategori:Angkatan udara|Indonésia]] {{militèr-stub}} ap1ptpwp1oxaetmgam3g8pomxrb1c7u Kategori:Panulis lagu 14 50329 1756306 1065068 2026-09-11T14:12:46Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 /* */ 1756306 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cat main}} {{Commonscat|Songwriters}} [[Kategori:Juru nulis]] 0p49ll8ilzx76msfibro9nmywb7tbzk Kategori:Komponis 14 59758 1756303 362271 2026-09-11T13:33:43Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 /* */ 1756303 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cat main}} {{Commonscat|Composers}} [[Kategori:Musik]] 7b2vch30zxn5xc4u71p61z89v8x2vo9 Krishna Balagita 0 70695 1756297 1696550 2026-09-11T13:29:00Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 1756297 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox artis indonesia | name = {{PAGENAME}} | image = Krishna Balagita2.jpg | imagesize = | caption = | birthdate = {{birth date and age|1967|3|26}} | birthplace = {{Flagicon|Indonésia}} [[Jakarta]], [[Indonésia]] | birthname = Krishna Balagita | othername = Krishna | deathdate = | deathplace = | yearsactive = [[1997]] - sapunika | occupation = Pemusik | spouse = Irene Emira | partner = | children = Rasya Hanindya<br /> Rafanzia Syahira | parents = | influences = ADA Band<br/ >Krishna New Spectrum<br />De Spectrum<br />Enam Sembilan | influenced = | website = [http://www.krishnabalagita.org/] }} '''Krishna Balagita''' (lair ing [[Jakarta]], [[26 Maret]], [[1967]]; yuswa 59 taon) utawi langkung misuwur ngasta asma '''Krishna''' punika satunggaling pangripta lagu saking [[Indonésia]]. Krishna punika wiwit dikenal saking tembang-tembangipun wonten grup musik Ada Band. Krishna ugi salah sawijining pendiri grup musik Ada Band kaliyan Ibrahim Imran (Baim), Suriandika Satjadibrata (Dika), Iso lan E'el ing taun [[1996]]. == Awalipun Karir == Sajatosipun pikajengan Krishna ingkang ageng kanggé babagan musik sampun katingal saking yuswa [[10]] taon. Piyambakipun rumaos manawi saghed lestantun ing sakijroning tlatah [[musik]]. Syukur sanget Krishna lair ing kuluwarga ingkang remen kaliyan musik. Ibunipun gandrung sanget kaliyan gending jawi, mocopatan lan wewayangan. Kamasipun ugi remen sanget mirengaken musik [[jazz]], klasik kaliyan rock. Dados Krishna alit sampun langkung mirengaken musik saking jenre ingkang béda-béda. Ing yuswanipun ingkang kaping 9 Krishna sampun nyinaoni piano piyambak nanging piyambakipun sampun saghed mangertos mbedha'aken akur-akur mayor utawi minor. Nalika yuswanipun ngancik [[11]] taon Krishna sampun gadah grup musik kaliyan lare-lare sabayanipun. Sabibaripun yuswa [[16]] taon Krishna péngin sanget ngangsu kawruh dhumateng satunggaling guru ingkang mumpuni. Impenipun mawujud, ndungkap yuswa [[17]] taon Krishna kepanggeh Jack Lesmana boponipun pemusik Indra Lesmana. Lajeng Krishna miwiti nyinaoni ngèlmu téyori lan praktek musik jazz saking Jack Lesmana. Dumugi yuswa [[21]] taon Jack Lesmana tilar donyo, kawusananipun Krishna nyinaoni musik saking putranipun Indra Lesmana lan minangoni ing sekolah musik piyambakipun..Ing taon [[1993]] Krishna ijrah dateng [[Australia]] mawujudaken roso ing ati pikajeng ngangsu kawruh ngèlmu piano saking Paul MacNamara. Piyambakipun guru ing New South Wales Conservatorium of Music. Ing taon 1994 Krishna ngambali maleh dateng Indonésia lan miwiti maen dateng festival-festival jazz<ref name="album" />. Krishna naté konser kaliyan Maryono Quintet ing Jak Jazz taon [[1995]]. == Karir == Ndungkap yuswanipun ingkang kaping [[21]] Krishna nyobi kasugiran dados juru musik profesionel, salah setunggil kapinginanipun saghed makarya dateng panggènan kafe-kafe lan hotèl. Krishna miwiti nyambut damel, bejanipun setaon melampah nyambut damel ing kafe Krishna kepanggeh malih kaliyan Maryono (juru seksopon saking Surabaya ingkang sampun misuwur ing donya [[jazz]]). Maryono kasengsem marang kaprigelan pianonipun Krishna, Lajeng Krishna dipunpendet dados juru piano grup musik piyambakipun. Bejanipun maleh Krishna ugi saged nimbo ngèlmu saking piyambakipun lan piyantun-piyantun sepuh ingkang sanèsipun. Amargi katresnan Krishna kaliyan musik [[Jazz]]<ref name="album" />, ing taon [[2002]] Krishna medalaken album Jazz instrumental ingkang dibantu kanca-kanca kados ta Indra Lesmana, Déwa Budjana, Tohpati, Indro Hardjodikoro<ref name="album">[http://www.equinoxdmd.com/krishnabalagita/default.htm], Equinoxdmd, diakses 2-3-2011</ref> lan langkung kathah maleh. == Ada Band == Ing taon 1997 Ada Band ngedalaken albumipun ingkang kaping setungggal, judhul albumipun ''"Seharusnya"''. Tembang Seharusnya pikantok atur sapala ingkang cekap saé saking pamiarsa musik Indonésia. Lajeng ing taon [[1999]] medal album ingkang kaping kaleh, linuweh beja Ada Band angsal sesadean 100 èwu copy, tembang ''"Ough"'' dados andalanipun lan tembang ''"Bilakah"'' dados singel kaping kaleh. Nanging sabibaripun album punika, Ada Band kedah legowo kecalan 2 personelipun. Iso kaliyan E'el milih medal saking Ada band, boten jelas jalaran lan sebab musababipun. Sawentara boten enten juru dram, Ada band anggawe audisi, sawetawes dangu sambetipun Ada Band mendet Rama putronipun Yaya Moektio. Lajeng juru dram digantosaken kaliyan Rama, piano lan keyboard di cepeng kaliyan Krishna piyambakan. Ing taon [[2001]] album Tiara medal, takseh angsal sesadean ingkang cekap saé. Dumugi album ingkang kaping sekawan Ada Band angsal prakawis maleh, wayah punika Baim piyambak ingkang lengser saking Ada Band. Ada Band boten saged menopo-nopo, mbok bilih Allah sampun anggawe garis takdiripun kados makaten. Sukmanipun Ada Band kantun separo kantun Krishna lan Dika ingkang pemaen asli. Akhir taon 2001 Ada Band ngalami wayah-wayah sepen (sepaninggalan Baim Ada Band boten saged nyambut damel lantaran boten gadhah penyanyi). Lajeng ugi wayah punika Ada Band nyobi anggawe audisi maleh madosi penyanyi énggal. Kinten-kinten gangsal [[7]] penyanyi sampun dipuncobi audisi nanging Ada Band namung kasengsem kaliyan Donnie lan mutusaken Donnie kanggé panggantinipun Baim. Rawuhipun Donnie kaliyan Marshal ing gitar anggawe Ada Band sumrimgah maleh, album ''"Metamorphosis"'' laris manis dateng pasaran. Ada band angsal sesadean 300 èwu copy. Sewarso ngajeng Ada Band ngedalaken album Dicography njeh disyukuri sanget takseh angsal sesadean ingkang saé. Ing taon 2005 medal album Heaven of Love, tembang ''"Manusia Bodoh"'' melampah saé sanget. ngantos angsal sesadean 600 èwu copy ing wedal [[6]] wulan. Salajengipun Ada Band melampah tur saubengipun Indonésia kaliyan [[Ari Lasso]]<ref>[http://sheilaon7.blogsome.com/2005/06/10/la-lights-gelar-konser-ari-lasso-ada-band-dan-sheila-on-7/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110304160829/http://sheilaon7.blogsome.com/2005/06/10/la-lights-gelar-konser-ari-lasso-ada-band-dan-sheila-on-7/ |date=2011-03-04 }}, Sheillaon7.blogsome, diakses 2-3-2011</ref>. Taon 2006 medal album Romantic Rhapsody, tembang Karena Wanita dados andalanipun. Disyukuri sanget, maleh ing wedal 6 wulan saghed angsal sesadean 500 èwu copy.Taon [[2007]] Ada Band ngedalaken album Cinema Story lajeng tembang andalan Selamanya dipun ngginakaken kanggé Original Soundtrackipun. Taon [[2008]] wonten prakawis ageng maleh ngantos Krishna piyambak ingkang medal saking grup punika. == Krishna New Spectrum == Ing taon [[2007]] Krishna anggawe kompilasi tembang-tembang piyambakipun ngasta asma '''Krishna & the New Spectrum''',kathah ngginakaken penyanyi saking njawi kanggé nembangaken tembang-tembang ingkang dipunaransir maleh. Penyanyi kados Ian Kasela, Happy Salma lan Dudi Nuno wonten ing album punika. == Diskografi == * Ada Band ** [[1997]] - Seharusnya ** [[1999]] - PerAdaban 2000 ** [[2001]] - Tiara ** [[2003]] - Metamorphosis ** [[2005]] - Heaven of Love ** [[2006]] - Romantic Rhapsody ** [[2007]] - Cinema Story * Album sanèsipun ** [[2002]] - Sign of Eight ** [[2007]] - Light From Heaven (Krishna New Spectrum)<ref>[http://www.rileks.com/entertainment/music/new-release/3487-krishna-new-spectrum---light-from-heaven-krishna-balagita-sekedar-lepas-quotjaket-lamaquot.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100423074541/http://www.rileks.com/entertainment/music/new-release/3487-krishna-new-spectrum---light-from-heaven-krishna-balagita-sekedar-lepas-quotjaket-lamaquot.html|date=2010-04-23}}, Rileks.com, diakses 2-3-2011</ref> ** [[2008]] - Sahabat Setia (De Spectrum) ** [[2009]] - Rebirth (Enam Sembilan)<ref>[http://www.tempointeraktif.com/hg/musik/2010/07/05/brk,20100705-261071,id.html], Kompas Interaktif, diaksess 2-3-2011</ref> == Refrensi == {{Reflist}} == Pranala njawi == * [http://www.krishnabalagita.org/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725054525/https://www.krishnabalagita.org/ |date=2019-07-25 }} [[Kategori:Penyanyi Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Pemusik]] [[Kategori:Komponis]] [[Kategori:Artikel mawa basa krama]] [[Kategori:Lair 1967]] 09sygoe5wwedsmiio1px7jxxtw8s6vw Atletik 0 74367 1756317 1677482 2026-09-11T23:44:01Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756317 wikitext text/x-wiki {{multiscript|Atletik|ꦄꦠ꧀ꦭꦺꦠꦶꦏ꧀}} [[Gambar:Naisten 400 m aidat.jpg|thumb|[[Lari gawang]], salah satu jinis ulah raga atletik.]] '''Atletik''' ya iku gabungan saka pirang jinis [[ulah raga]] kang racaké bisa dikelompokake dadi [[lumayu]], [[lempar]], lan [[lompat]]. Athletics minangka koleksi macem-macem jinis olah raga sing umume bisa dikelompokake, ya iku lumayu, mlumpat lan mbuwang. Tembung atletik asal saka basa Yunani "athlon" sing tegese "persaingan". Atletik minangka salah sawijining olahraga sing dipertandingake nalika Olimpiade kaping pisanan dianakake ing taun 776 SM. Organisasi olahraga atletik ing Indonesia ya iku PASI utawa Asosiasi Atletik Indonesia <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bobo.my.id/2020/09/mengapa-atletik-disebut-sebagai.html|title=Mengapa atletik disebut sebagai olahraga yang tertua? {{!}} Sejarah Lengkap|website=Bobo Sport|access-date=2020-09-11|archive-date=2020-10-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026150747/https://www.bobo.my.id/2020/09/mengapa-atletik-disebut-sebagai.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lumaku minangka salah sawijining cabang kompetisi atletik kanthi balapan lari, kegiatan lari relay sing ditindakake kanthi cara ganti, balapan lumayu susul-susul kalebu lumaku jarak sing adoh.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bobo.my.id/2020/09/teknik-dasar-cara-melakukan-lari.html|title=Teknik dasar cara melakukan lari estafet secara lengkap|website=Bobo Sport|access-date=2020-09-11|archive-date=2020-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030215143/https://www.bobo.my.id/2020/09/teknik-dasar-cara-melakukan-lari.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Kategori:Atletik|*]] {{ulah raga-stub}} l2w4zg1j7g57jn9kkaxz02ef2mttzgz Justinianus I 0 75074 1756359 1752038 2026-09-12T11:56:55Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756359 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox royalty |emperor |name =Justinianus I |full name =Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Justinianus |title =[[Kaisar Bizantium|Kaisar]] [[Kamaharajan Bizantium|Romawi Timur (Bizantium)]] |image =Meister von San Vitale in Ravenna 004.jpg |imgw =250px |caption =Potret Justinianus ing [[Basilika San Vitale]], [[Ravenna]] |succession =[[Kaisar Bizantium]] |reign =1 Agustus 527 – 14 November 565<br />({{age in years and days|525|8|9|565|11|14}}) |date of birth =11 Mèi 483 |place of birth =[[Tauresium]], [[Dardani]]a |date of death =14 November 565 (umur 82) |place of death =[[Konstantinopel]] |predecessor =[[Justinus I]] |successor =[[Justinus II]] |spouse =[[Theodora (abad ke-6)|Theodora]] |house =[[Dinasti Justinianus|Justinianus]] |father =Sabbatius |mother =Vigilantia }} '''Justinianus I''' ({{lang-la|Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Justinianus}}; {{lang-el|{{Polytonic|Φλάβιος Πέτρος Σαββάτιος Ἰουστινιανός}}}}; 483 – 13 utawi 14 November 565), limrahipun dipunmangertosi kanthi asma '''Justinianus yang Agung''', inggih punika [[Kaisar Bizantium|Kaisar]] [[Kamaharajan Bizantium|Romawi Wétan (Bizantium)]] ingkang nguwasani Bizantium saking taun [[527]] ngantos [[565]].<ref name="buku1"/> Justianus I taksih keponakaanipun [[Justinus I]], tiyang tani saking [[Thracian]] ingkang buta huruf, nanging saged minggah drajatipun amargi karier militèr ingkang saé saéngga saged dados panguwasa kamaharajan [[Romawi]] Wétan.<ref name="buku1"/> Taun [[527]], Justin I ingkang boten patutan lajeng ngangkat Justianus minangka pembantu kaisar.<ref name="buku1"/> Wonten ing pungasanipun taun 527, Justin I tilar donya lan Justianus I dipunangkat dados kaisar.<ref name="buku1">[Michael H. Hart. 1978. Seratus Tokoh yang Paling Berpengaruh dalam Sajarah. Jakarta: Dunia Pustaka Jaya]</ref> Wonten ing wekdal kekuwasaanipun, Justianus I tansah hambudidaya amrih kajayaanipun kamaharajan lan saged nelukaken malih sisih kilèn [[Kamaharajan Romawi]].<ref name="buku1"/> Panjenenganipun dados salah satunggalipun “tokoh wigati” wonten ing abad kuna.<ref name="buku1"/> Nalika panjenenganipun wiwit dados panguwasa ing Bizantium, dipunwiwiti kanthi “renovation imperii” (restorasi kamaharajan) ingkang ambisius.<ref name="buku1"/> Amargi raos ambisius punika, Justianus I misuwur kanthi sesebatan "Romawi Terakhir" wonten ing historiografi modhèren.<ref name="buku2">[ J.F. Haldon. 2003. , ''Byzantium in the seventh century''. Cambridge]</ref> Ambisi punika dipunwujudaken kanthi pemulihan sepalih wewengkom [[Kamaharajan Romawi Kilen]], kalebet kutha [[Roma]].<ref name="buku2"/> Sanèsipun punika, wonten ing wekdal kekuwasaanipun Justianus I, wonten panyeratan hokum Romawi ''[[Corpus Juris Civilis]]'' ingkang taksih dipun-ginakaken minangka lelandhesan tumrapipun masarakat ing nagari modhèren.<ref name="buku2"/> Wonten ing wekdal kakuwasaanipun Justianus I, [[Bizantium]] saged dados nagara ingkang ngrembaka, lan program-programipun saged mlampah kanthi saé, kados yasa malih [[Hagia Sophia]] ingkang dados pusatipun [[Gréja Ortodoks Wétan|Ortodoks Wétan]].<ref name="buku2"/> Justianus I dipunanggep minangka [[santo]] déning tiyang-tiyang ingkang agamanipun [[Ortodoks Wétan]]. Panjenenganipun ugi misuwur ing [[Gréja Lutheran]].<ref name="buku2"/> == Cathetan suku == {{reflist}} == Pranala njawi == {{Commons category|Iustinianus I}} * [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Procopius/Buildings/home.html ''Buildings'' karyanipun Procopius wonten ing Basa Inggris.] * [http://web.upmf-grenoble.fr/Haiti/Cours/Ak ''The Roman Law Library'' déning Professor Yves Lassard lan Alexandr Koptev] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120831060912/http://web.upmf-grenoble.fr/Haiti/Cours/Ak |date=2012-08-31 }} * [http://www.anders.com/lectures/lars_brownworth/12_byzantine_rulers/ Ceramah ngenani 12 penguwasa Bizantium, kalebu Justinianus] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160718092221/http://www.anders.com/lectures/lars_brownworth/12_byzantine_rulers/ |date=2016-07-18 }} - déning Lars Brownworth * [http://www.roman-emperors.org/justinia.htm/ De Imperatoribus Romanis. Ensiklopedia Kaisar Romawi Daring] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614015143/http://www.roman-emperors.org/justinia.htm |date=2007-06-14 }} * [http://www.byzantium1200.com/justinia.html Rekonstruksi tiang Justinianus ing Konstantinopel] * [http://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/30_20_0482-0565-_Flavius_Justinianus_Imperator.html] == Cathetan suku == {{reflist}} {{Pratélan kang Agung}} [[Kategori:Lair 482]] [[Kategori:Pati 565]] [[Kategori:Artikel mawa basa krama]] [[Kategori:Kaisar Romawi Wétan]] [[Kategori:Dinasti Justinianus]] [[Kategori:Santo lan Santa]] [[Kategori:100 Tokoh miturut Michael H. Hart]] {{Stub}} 7dvmmo42x5zp0tvtil11baglnqkelvl Aksara Thai 0 75785 1756314 1562939 2026-09-11T22:27:31Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756314 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Bangkok National Museum - 2017-04-22 (008).jpg|thumb|right|150px|Prasasti Ramkhamhaeng (Musiyum Nasional Bangkok)]] '''Aksara Thai''' ({{lang-th|อักษรไทย}}, ''àksŏn thai'') dipigunakaké kanggo nulis [[basa Thai]] lan basa minoritas liyané ing [[Thailand]]. Aksara iki duwé patang puluh papat konsonan ({{lang-th|พยัญชนะ}}, ''phayanchaná''). Aksara Thailand asal saka [[aksara Khmer]] kuna ({{lang-th|อักขระเขมร}}, akchara khamen). == Pranala njaba == {{Commons category|Thai pronunciation}} {{InterWiki|code=th}} * [http://www.omniglot.com/writing/thai.htm Omniglot - Thai] * [http://mister-kwai.com/thai/index.html Virtual Thai Keyboard] Freeware for the Windows operating system * [http://www.thailex.info/THAILEX/THAILEXENG/lexicon/Thais%20Alfabet.htm Thai Alphabet] * Transliterations for [http://www.thai-language.com/default.aspx?ref=vowels Thai Vowels], [http://www.thai-language.com/default.aspx?ref=consonants Thai Consonants], and [http://www.thai-language.com/default.aspx?ref=altcons Alternative Presentation of Thai Consonants], by Richard Wordingham * [http://www.cnx-translation.com/forum/files/thai_alphabet_vowels_199.pdf Thai vowels] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820073719/http://www.cnx-translation.com/forum/files/thai_alphabet_vowels_199.pdf |date=2008-08-20 }} * [http://www.cnx-translation.com/forum/files/thai_alphabet_consonants_883.pdf Thai consonants] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820073835/http://www.cnx-translation.com/forum/files/thai_alphabet_consonants_883.pdf |date=2008-08-20 }} {{cengkorongan aksara|state=show|state2=show}} [[Kategori:Aksara Thai| ]] {{basa-stub}} k7juvu6kea90yqyhi3ucotybiomyzmf Sheila Majid 0 77436 1756355 1691532 2026-09-12T09:43:01Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 1756355 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox wong}} [[Gambar:Sheila Majid1.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Sheila Majid]] '''Sheila Majid''' utawi '''Shaheila Abdul Majid''' inggih punika penyanyi (diva) saking [[Malaysia]]<ref name="internet2">[http://musik.kapanlagi.com/berita/konser-25-tahun-sheila-majid-jalin-kebersamaan-dua-nagara.html ''Konser 25 Tahun Sheila Majid Jalin Kebersamaan Dua Nagara'']{{Pranala mati|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} dipunundhuh tanggal 29 Juli 2011)</ref>, lan misuwur ing [[Indonesia]].<ref name="internet1"/> Sheila misuwur kanthi lagunipun ''Antara Anyer dan Jakarta'' ingkang dipunrilis taun [[1987]].<ref name="internet1"/> Sanèsipun punika, Sheila ingkang lair tanggal [[3 Januari]] [[1965]] punika, sampun ngliris 19 album, ing antawisipun inggih punika ''Cinta Jangan Kau Pergi'' (1996), ''Ratu'' (1996), ''Ku Mohon'' (1999), lan sanèsipun.<ref name="internet1"/> Sheila punika putri pungkasan saking wolu sadherekipun ingkang nelasaken wekdal alitipun ing Kutha [[Kuala Lumpur]], [[Malaysia]].<ref name="internet1"/> Sheila naté palakrami kaliyan Roslan Aziz, tiyang ingkang naté dados prodhuser albumipun Sheila.<ref name="internet1"/> Nanging palakrami punika purna amargi pegatan.<ref name="internet1"/> Sheila lajeng palakrami malih kaliyan satunggalipun kibordis saking band ''Gersang'', Hasyim Abdullah, utawi ingkang misuwur kanthi asma Acis.<ref name="internet1"/> Kekalihipun palakrami tanggal [[3 Juni]] [[2003]] lan gadhah sekawan putra, kalih saking palakrami ingkang sadèrèngipun, Wan Nur Khaleda (16 taun) lan Megat Abdul Majid (12 taun) lan kalih sanèsipun saking palakrami ingkang sapunika, Khadeja Zaireen Murshim (2) lan Khalifa Laila Murshim (1 sasi).<ref name="internet1"/> Sheila remen kaliyan jagad musik wiwit nemipun, inggih punika nalika piyambakipun sinau [[piano]] ing umur 4 taun.<ref name="internet1"/> Nalika pentas ing sukuran ulang taun kancanipun, satunggalipun prodhuser remen kaliyan bakatipun Sheila, lan pungkasanipun Sheila saged pikantuk kontrak saking Roslan Aziz ingkang kasil damel albumipun ingkang kapisan, ''Dhimènsi Baru'', ing taun [[1985]].<ref name="internet1">[http://selebriti.kapanlagi.com/indonesia/s/sheila_majid/ '''Sheila Majid'''] dipunundhuh tanggal 29 Juli 2011)</ref> == Cathetan suku == {{reflist}} == Pranala njawi == [http://selebriti.kapanlagi.com/indonesia/s/sheila_majid/ '''Sheila Majid'''] [[Kategori:Artikel mawa basa krama]] [[Kategori:Tokoh keturunan utawi kalairan Indonesia]] [[Kategori:Penyanyi Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Aktris Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Lair 1965]] {{stub}} abdwh86zsu87pw7g4acrrwyay3pt9td Gajah sumatra 0 79366 1756323 1642580 2026-09-12T07:10:02Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756323 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | name = Gajah Sumatra | status = EN | status_system = iucn3.1 | status_ref = <ref name=iucn/> | image = Sumatra elephant Ragunan Zoo 3.JPG | regnum = [[Sato kéwan|Animalia]] | phylum = [[Chordata]] | classis = [[Mamalia|Mammalia]] | ordo = [[Proboscidea]] | familia = [[Elephantidae]] | genus = ''[[Elephas]]'' | species = ''[[Elephas maximus]]'' | subspecies = '''''E. m. sumatranus''''' | trinomial = ''Elephas maximus sumatranus'' | trinomial_authority = [[Coenraad Jacob Temminck|Temminck]], 1847 }} '''Gajah Sumatra''' (''Elephas maximus sumatranus'') inggih punika salah satunggalipun saking tigang subspesies [[Gajah Asia]] ingkang habitatipun ing [[Pulo Sumatra]], [[Indonésia]]. Wiwit taun [[1986]] ''Elephas maximus'' sampun dipunreksa déning [[IUCN]] amargi langkung saking 50% populasinipun sampun ical, kinten-kinten jangkah wekdal 60-75 taun. Gajah Sumatra keancem cures amargi habitatipun ingkang risak, gajah dipunperjaya pati déning manungsa, lan sapiturutipun.<ref name=iucn>{{IUCN |assessors=Choudhury, A., Lahiri Choudhury, D.K., Desai, A., Duckworth, J.W., Easa, P.S., Johnsingh, A.J.T., Fernando, P., Hedges, S., Gunawardena, M., Kurt, F., Karanth, U., Lister, A., Menon, V., Riddle, H., Rübel, A., Wikramanayake, E. |year=2008 |id=7140 |taxon=Elephas maximus |version=2010.4}}</ref> Gajah Sumatra gadhah karakteristik ing antawisipun, badanipun langkung alit tinimbang [[Gajah Afrika]] lan gadhah badan langkung inggil sami kaliyan endhasipun. Gajah Sumatra ingkang èstri limrahipun langkung alit tinimbang ingkang jaler, lan gadhah gadhing utawi boten gadhah.<ref>Shoshani, J., Eisenberg, J.F. (1982) [http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/VHAYSSEN/msi/pdf/i0076-3519-182-01-0001.pdf ''Elephas maximus''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060830202351/http://www.science.smith.edu/departments/Biology/VHAYSSEN/msi/pdf/i0076-3519-182-01-0001.pdf |date=2006-08-30 }}. Mammalian Species 182: 1–8</ref> Gajah Sumatra gadhah inggil watawis 2 méter ngantos 3,2 méter, abotipun watawis 2.000&nbsp;kg lan 4.000&nbsp;kg.<ref name="Shoshani">Shoshani, J. (2006) [http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=oCpiZA61tyQC&oi=fnd&pg=PA3&ots=2IMfIdn35g&sig=9LKyLo77Kb4BehHoiX_CSJsREXs#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Taxonomy, Classification, and Evolution of Elephants''] In: Fowler, M. E., Mikota, S. K. (eds.) Biology, medicine, and surgery of elephants. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 0-8138-0676-3. Pp. 3–14</ref> Populasi Gajah Sumatra saya dangu saya sakedhik.<ref name=iucn/> Ing taun [[1980|1980-an]], kapanggih 44 golongan Gajah Sumatra.<ref name=iucn/> Ing [[provinsi]] [[Lampung]], saking 12 golongan gajah ing taun [[1980|1980-an]], ing taun [[2003]] namung kantun tigang golongan.<ref name=iucn/> Saking survei ing [[Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan]] kapanggih populasi Gajah Sumatra cacahipun 498, lan ing [[Taman Nasional Way Kambas]] kinten-kinten cacahipun 180 gajah.<ref name=iucn/> == Cathetan suku == {{reflist}} == Pranala njawi == * [http://www.wwf.or.id/tessonilo/Default.php?ID=808 WWF Indonésia, ''Mengenal Gajah Sumatera''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081014090325/http://www.wwf.or.id/tessonilo/Default.php?ID=808 |date=2008-10-14 }} [[Kategori:Artikel mawa basa krama]] [[Kategori:Gajah|Sumatera]] [[Kategori:Mamalia Indonésia]] {{kéwan-stub}} oauiyz6y8swrva4jp3mygt2egcvjwfc Siti Nurhaliza 0 85458 1756327 1746206 2026-09-12T08:01:39Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 /* */ 1756327 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox wong}} '''Siti Nurhaliza''' (kanthi asma jangkep lan gelar: '''Datin Seri Siti Nurhaliza binti Tarudin'''; {{lang-ar|'''سيتي نورهاليزا'''}}; {{lahirmati|Kampung Awah, Temerloh, Pahang, [[Malaysia]]|11|1|1979}}) inggih punika salah satunggalipun [[aktor|aktris]], [[penyanyi]], [[panulis lagu]], [[panulis lirik]], [[komponis|komposer]], selebriti, modhél, lan pangusaha<ref name="internet1">[http://www.kapanlagi.com/showbiz/selebriti/siti-nurhaliza-bisnis-bermula-dari-diri-sendiri.html ''Siti Nurhaliza: Bisnis Bermula Dari Diri Sendiri''](dipunundhuh tanggal 07 April 2012)</ref> ingkang asalipun saking [[Malaysia]].<ref name="internet3">{{ms}}[http://www.qimie.com/blog/hiburan/profil-dan-biodata-siti-nurhaliza ''Profil dan Biodata Siti Nurhaliza''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020160102/http://www.qimie.com/blog/hiburan/profil-dan-biodata-siti-nurhaliza |date=2012-10-20 }}(dipunundhuh tanggal 07 April 2012)</ref> Siti Nurhaliza miwiti kariéripun ing jagad nyanyi awit saking pakulinan utawi ''hobby'' nalika taksih alitipun.<ref name="internet2"/> Nalika samanten panjenenganipun asring nyanyi lagu-lagu tradhisional ing adicara kulawarginipun.<ref name="internet2"/> Taun [[1995]], Siti ndhèrèk ajang adu bakat rumaja, Jawara Bintang ing Radio Televisyen Malaysia (RTM), ingkang nalika samanten kapanggih kaliyan aktor [[India]], Kamal Hassan, ingkang dados tutor vokalipun Siti.<ref name="internet2"/> Siti kasil dados jawara kapisan, lan ing wekdal salajengipun dipunkontrak ''Suria Records'' lan ngasilaken album rilisan, ''[[Siti Nurhaliza 1|Siti Nurhaliza]]'' ([[1996]]).<ref name="internet2">[http://www.kapanlagi.com/takeover.html?http://selebriti.kapanlagi.com/indonesia/s/siti_nurhaliza/ ''Siti Nurhaliza''](dipunundhuh tanggal 07 April 2012)</ref> == Diskografi == === Album studio === * ''[[Siti Nurhaliza 1]]'' (1996) * ''[[Siti Nurhaliza 2]]'' (1997) * ''[[Cindai]]'' (1997) * ''[[Adiwarna]]'' (1998) * ''[[Pancawarna]]'' (1999) * ''[[Sahmura]]'' (2000) * ''[[Safa]]'' (2001) * ''[[Sanggar Mustika]]'' (2002) * ''[[E.M.A.S]]'' (2003) * ''[[Anugerah Aidilfitri]]'' (2003) * ''[[Prasasti Seni]]'' (2004) * ''Transkripsi'' (2006) * ''Hadiah Daripada Hati'' (2007) * ''Lentera Timur'' (2008) * ''Tahajjud Cinta'' (2009) * ''Fragmen'' (2014) * ''SimetriSiti'' (2017) * ''ManifestaSITI2020'' (2020) * ''Sitism'' (2023) * ''Gema Bumantara'' (2025) === Album studio basa Inggris === * ''All Your Love'' (2011) === Album duet === * ''[[Seri Balas]]'' (karo [[Noraniza Idris]]) (1999) * ''CTKD'' (karo [[Krisdayanti]]) (2009) === Album liyane === * ''Molek'' (1998) * ''The Best of Siti Nurhaliza'' (2000) * ''Cerita Cinta Siti Nurhaliza'' (2006) * ''Klasik'' (2007) * ''[[Permata Irama]]'' (2008) * ''Siti & Friends'' (2010) * ''Pewaris Lagu-lagu Tradisional'' (2012) * ''Legasi'' (2021) == Cathetan suku == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nurhaliza, Siti}} [[Kategori:Siti Nurhaliza| ]] [[Kategori:Penyanyi Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Aktris Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Jawa]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Melayu]] {{indo-bio-stub}} {{Commonscat}} {{Authority control}} ss3lrho87rbhgzbvhp4ayl8kowlhjuu 1756328 1756327 2026-09-12T08:02:43Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 /* Cathetan suku */ 1756328 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox wong}} '''Siti Nurhaliza''' (kanthi asma jangkep lan gelar: '''Datin Seri Siti Nurhaliza binti Tarudin'''; {{lang-ar|'''سيتي نورهاليزا'''}}; {{lahirmati|Kampung Awah, Temerloh, Pahang, [[Malaysia]]|11|1|1979}}) inggih punika salah satunggalipun [[aktor|aktris]], [[penyanyi]], [[panulis lagu]], [[panulis lirik]], [[komponis|komposer]], selebriti, modhél, lan pangusaha<ref name="internet1">[http://www.kapanlagi.com/showbiz/selebriti/siti-nurhaliza-bisnis-bermula-dari-diri-sendiri.html ''Siti Nurhaliza: Bisnis Bermula Dari Diri Sendiri''](dipunundhuh tanggal 07 April 2012)</ref> ingkang asalipun saking [[Malaysia]].<ref name="internet3">{{ms}}[http://www.qimie.com/blog/hiburan/profil-dan-biodata-siti-nurhaliza ''Profil dan Biodata Siti Nurhaliza''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020160102/http://www.qimie.com/blog/hiburan/profil-dan-biodata-siti-nurhaliza |date=2012-10-20 }}(dipunundhuh tanggal 07 April 2012)</ref> Siti Nurhaliza miwiti kariéripun ing jagad nyanyi awit saking pakulinan utawi ''hobby'' nalika taksih alitipun.<ref name="internet2"/> Nalika samanten panjenenganipun asring nyanyi lagu-lagu tradhisional ing adicara kulawarginipun.<ref name="internet2"/> Taun [[1995]], Siti ndhèrèk ajang adu bakat rumaja, Jawara Bintang ing Radio Televisyen Malaysia (RTM), ingkang nalika samanten kapanggih kaliyan aktor [[India]], Kamal Hassan, ingkang dados tutor vokalipun Siti.<ref name="internet2"/> Siti kasil dados jawara kapisan, lan ing wekdal salajengipun dipunkontrak ''Suria Records'' lan ngasilaken album rilisan, ''[[Siti Nurhaliza 1|Siti Nurhaliza]]'' ([[1996]]).<ref name="internet2">[http://www.kapanlagi.com/takeover.html?http://selebriti.kapanlagi.com/indonesia/s/siti_nurhaliza/ ''Siti Nurhaliza''](dipunundhuh tanggal 07 April 2012)</ref> == Diskografi == === Album studio === * ''[[Siti Nurhaliza 1]]'' (1996) * ''[[Siti Nurhaliza 2]]'' (1997) * ''[[Cindai]]'' (1997) * ''[[Adiwarna]]'' (1998) * ''[[Pancawarna]]'' (1999) * ''[[Sahmura]]'' (2000) * ''[[Safa]]'' (2001) * ''[[Sanggar Mustika]]'' (2002) * ''[[E.M.A.S]]'' (2003) * ''[[Anugerah Aidilfitri]]'' (2003) * ''[[Prasasti Seni]]'' (2004) * ''Transkripsi'' (2006) * ''Hadiah Daripada Hati'' (2007) * ''Lentera Timur'' (2008) * ''Tahajjud Cinta'' (2009) * ''Fragmen'' (2014) * ''SimetriSiti'' (2017) * ''ManifestaSITI2020'' (2020) * ''Sitism'' (2023) * ''Gema Bumantara'' (2025) === Album studio basa Inggris === * ''All Your Love'' (2011) === Album duet === * ''[[Seri Balas]]'' (karo [[Noraniza Idris]]) (1999) * ''CTKD'' (karo [[Krisdayanti]]) (2009) === Album liyane === * ''Molek'' (1998) * ''The Best of Siti Nurhaliza'' (2000) * ''Cerita Cinta Siti Nurhaliza'' (2006) * ''Klasik'' (2007) * ''[[Permata Irama]]'' (2008) * ''Siti & Friends'' (2010) * ''Pewaris Lagu-lagu Tradisional'' (2012) * ''Legasi'' (2021) == Cathetan suku == {{reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nurhaliza, Siti}} [[Kategori:Siti Nurhaliza| ]] [[Kategori:Penyanyi Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Aktris Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Panulis lagu]] [[Kategori:Panulis lirik]] [[Kategori:Komponis]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Jawa]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Melayu]] {{indo-bio-stub}} {{Commonscat}} {{Authority control}} pmk2ytzyba5g0wiqez8hnpwu6q4qezk Bombardier CRJ700 0 95372 1756319 1690791 2026-09-12T02:03:24Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756319 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Aircraft |name= CRJ700 / CRJ900 <br />CRJ1000 NextGen |logo = |image=File:Delta Bombardier 20071027.jpg |caption=CRJ700 [[Delta Connection]] |type=[[Pesawat penumpang regional]] |national origin = [[Kanada]] |manufacturer= [[Bombardier Aerospace]] |designer= |first flight = 1999 |introduction = 2001 |retired= |status = Aktif |primary user= [[SkyWest Airlines]] |more users=[[Mesa Airlines]] <br />[[Atlantic Southeast Airlines]] <br />[[Mesaba Airlines]] |produced = |number built =537 padha April 2010<ref name="Report">{{Cite web |url=http://www.bombardier.com/files/en/supporting_docs/BA-CRJ_Series_Program_Status.pdf |title=Program Status Report - Bombardier CRJ Series |access-date=2009-07-06 |archive-date=2009-07-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090706084613/http://www.bombardier.com/files/en/supporting_docs/BA-CRJ_Series_Program_Status.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> |unit cost =US$24-39.7 juta nalika taun 2006 |developed from=[[Bombardier CRJ200]] |variants with their own articles = }} '''Bombardier CRJ700''', '''CRJ900''', lan '''CRJ1000''' yaiku [[pesawat penumpang regional]] kang basisé saka pesawat [[Bombardier CRJ200]]. Perakitan akir saka pesawat iki dilakokaké ing [[Papan Anggegana Internasional Montréal-Mirabel]] ing [[Mirabel, Quebec]], ing sak njaba kotha [[Montreal]], [[Kanada]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aeroindianews.com/bombardier.htm |title=Aero India 2007 Bombardier CRJ900 |access-date=2012-12-21 |archive-date=2013-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130207034812/http://www.aeroindianews.com/bombardier.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Pengembangan == Meloni suksese seri CRJ100/200, [[Bombardier Aerospace|Bombardier]] gawé varian kang luwih gedhé kanggo saingan karo pesawat regional kang luwih gedhé kaya ta kulawarga [[Embraer E-Jets]], seri [[Fokker F100|Fokker 70/100]] lan kulawarga [[BAe 146|BAe 146/Avro RJ]]. === CRJ700 === [[Gambar:CRJ700 (Horizon Air).jpg|thumb|left|[[Horizon Air]] CRJ700]] ''CRJ700'' yaiku dawane 66 naganti 78 kursi kang dijukuk saka CRJ200, kanti 70 kursi minangka konfigurasi kang paling umum. CRJ700 dipirantèni kanti swiwi anyar kanti sudut flap kang dhuwur lan dawa uga sthik rada amba pérangan lambung, kanti jobin kang luwih endek. Pesawat iki dipirantèni kanti mesin [[GE Aircraft Engines|General Electric]] [[General Electric CF34|CF34-8C1]]. kecepetan maksimume yaiku Mach 0.85 (556 mil per jam) nalaika keduwuran maksimum 41,000&nbsp;ft (12,500&nbsp;m). Tergantung tumrap momotan, CRJ700 bisa mabur nganti 2,250 mil (3,620&nbsp;km) kanti mesin awal, lan varian anyar kanti mesin [[General Electric CF34|CF34-8C5]] isamabur seadohe 2,895 mil (4,660&nbsp;km). [[Gambar:D-ACPF 2006-07-05 3927.jpg|thumb|[[Lufthansa]] CRJ701 ER]] CRJ700 teka sajrone 3 versi: seri 700, seri 701, lan seri 702. Seri 700 diwatesi nganti 68 penumpang, seri 701 nampung 70 penumpang, lan seri 702 bisa nampung 78 penumpang. CRJ700 uga duwé 3 pilihan kapasitas bobot lan bahan bakar: standard, ER, and LR. Versi ER ngunggahake kapasitas bahan bakar lan bobot maksimum, kang akhire ningkatake jarak tempuh. Wondene versi LR ningkatake hal mau luwih gedhé. Penerbangan perdana dilakukake nalika taun 1999 lan lumebu sajrone layanan taun 2001. Sertifikasi tipe pesawat saka FAA yaiku '''CL-600-2C10'''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.airweb.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/8226a37b9426a80d862572ed005e7fa0/$FILE/A21EA.pdf |title=FAA Type Certificate |access-date=2013-01-28 |archive-date=2011-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608075538/http://www.airweb.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/8226a37b9426a80d862572ed005e7fa0/$FILE/A21EA.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Maskapé pertama kang gunakake CRJ700 yaiku [[Brit Air]] taun 2001. CRJ-700 saingan kanthi langsung karo [[Embraer 170]], kang duwé kapasitas 70 penumpang. Nanging, CRJ-700 10% luwih efektif sajrone biaya operasi ketimbang E-170. Tahun 2008, CRJ700 diganteni karo CRJ700 NextGen, dipirantèni kabin kang luwih ékonomis lan anyar kang padha karo CRJ900 NextGen lan CRJ1000 NextGen. === CRJ705 === [[Gambar:AC Jazz CRJ705 YQR.jpg|right|thumb|Air Canada Jazz CRJ-705]] ''Seri 705'' mapan saka CRJ900, kanti sakkelas bisnis lan pengurangan kapasitas panggonan jagong maksimum supaya bisa dioperasikake déning maskapé penerbangan regional. Kapasitas seri 705 yaiku 75 penumpang. Pira-pira maskapé regional duwé kontrak karo maskapé gedhé kang mbatesi kapasitas penumpang maksimum saka pesawat kang dioperasikake. [[Air Canada Jazz]] yaiku pangguna pertama kanggo pesawat iki taun 2005 kanti 10 kelas bisnis dan 65 kelas ékonomi. Sertifikasi tipe saka FAA mènèhi kodhe '''CL-600-2D15''' untuk pesawat ini. Air Canada Jazz mengoperasikake 16 pesawat seri 705. === CRJ900 === [[Gambar:lufthansa cityline crj900lr d-acke takeoff london heathrow arp.jpg|thumb|[[Lufthansa CityLine]] Bombardier CRJ900LR (2010)]] ''CRJ900'' yaiku versi pandawanan kanti kapasitas 76 nganti 90 kursi saka CRJ700. Pesawat migunakaké mesin GE CF34-8C5, kanti tenaga {{convert|13360|lbf|abbr=on}} kanti APR, lan tambahan swiwi pengendali. bobot maksimum kotor lepas landas yaiku 84,500 pon. Pesawat dijukuk saka basis CRJ200 kanti ana sithik pengembangan. Paket pengembangan deleng pemanfaatan lingkungan. Kabin duwé kipas sirkulasi kang mbantu ngatisake lan ngangetake. Mesin dikontrol déning kontrol mesin digital [[FADEC]] ketimbang gunakake kabel lan gunakake unit kontrol bahan bakar. Lantai kabin didunake segedhe 2&nbsp;in ing ngendi bisa nambah visibilitassaka jendela ing kabin amarga jendela luwih cepak keduwuran mata. APU dadi unit saka General Electric kang nyediakake hawa luwih akèh marang jero paket AC lan duwé batasan luwih dhuwur kanggo penyalaan lan penggunaan ing keduwuran. Amba swiwi luwih amba. Buntut didésain ulang kanti bentang luwih amba an penyeimbang ing ngisor. Sajrone penggunaan umum CRJ900 bisa mabur luwih dhuwur 8-10,000&nbsp;ft kanti konsumsi bahan bakar sithik luwih gedhé lan kecepatan jelajah rata-rata segedhe 450-500 knot, pengembangan signifikan saka pengarepe. Kode Sertifikasi Tipe FAA kanggo pesawat iki yaiku '''CL-600-2D24'''. [[Gambar:Crj900-sas.jpg|thumb|left|[[Scandinavian Airlines]] CRJ900]] Pesawat CRJ900 (C-FRJX) pertama wujud modifikasi saka CRJ700 kanti mènèhi tambahan perpanjangan lambung ing pérangan ngarep lan buri swiwi kang banjur diowah ing prototip CRJ1000 kanti nambah lambung kang luwih dawa.<ref>http://www.airliners.net/search/photo.search?regsearch=C-FRJX Photos of C-FRJX in its various incarnations as first prototypes of the CRJ-700, CRJ-900 and CRJ-1000</ref> CRJ900 saingan karo [[Embraer E-Jets|Embraer 175]], lan luwih efisien per mil per kursi, miturut Bombardier. == Spesifikasi == {| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;" |- ! Varian ! CRJ700 ! CRJ705 ! CRJ900 ! CRJ1000 |- ! Kru kokpit | colspan="4" align="center" | Dua |- ! Kapasitas kursi | 78 (1 kelas, maksimum)<br /> 70 (1 class, umum)<br />66 (2 kelas, umum) | 74 (1 kelas, umum)<br />75 (2 kelas, umum) | 86-90 (1 kelas, umum) | 100 (1 kelas, umum) |- ! Panjang | 32.51 m (106&nbsp;ft 8 in) | colspan=2 | 36.40 m (119&nbsp;ft 4 in) | 39.13 m (128&nbsp;ft 4.7 in) |- ! Bwntang sayap | 23.24 m (76&nbsp;ft 3 in) | colspan=2 | 24.85 m (81&nbsp;ft 6 in) | 26.18 m (85&nbsp;ft 10.6 in) |- ! Duwur | 7.57 m (24&nbsp;ft 10 in) | colspan=2 | 7.51 m (24&nbsp;ft 7 in) | 7.50 m (24&nbsp;ft 6 in) |- ! Jembar swiwi | colspan=3 | 70.61 m² (760&nbsp;ft²) | 77.4 m² (833&nbsp;ft²) |- ! Diameter lambung | colspan=4 | 2.7 m (8&nbsp;ft 10 in) |- !Lebar kabin maksimum | colspan=4 | 2.57 m (8&nbsp;ft 5 in) |- !Tinggi kabin | colspan=4 | 1.89 m (6&nbsp;ft 2 in) |- ! Bobot kosong operasi | {{convert|19731|kg|lb|abbr=on}} | colspan=2 | {{convert|21433|kg|lb|abbr=on}} | {{convert|23179|kg|lb|abbr=on}} |- ! Bobot tanpa bahan bakar maksimum (ZFW) | 28,259&nbsp;kg (62,300&nbsp;lb)<br /> LR: 28,801&nbsp;kg (63,495&nbsp;lb) | colspan=2 | 31,751&nbsp;kg (70,000&nbsp;lb)<br /> LR: 32,024&nbsp;kg (70,600&nbsp;lb) | 35,154&nbsp;kg (77,500&nbsp;lb) |- ! Bobot maksimum lepas landas (MTOW) | 32,999&nbsp;kg (72,750&nbsp;lb)<br /> ER: 34,019&nbsp;kg (75,000&nbsp;lb)<br /> LR: 34,926 &nbsp;kg (77,000&nbsp;lb) | colspan=2 | 36,504&nbsp;kg (80,500&nbsp;lb)<br /> ER: 37,421&nbsp;kg (82,500&nbsp;lb)<br /> LR: 38,330&nbsp;kg (84,500&nbsp;lb) | EuroLite: 38,995&nbsp;kg (85,968&nbsp;lb)<br /> 40,824&nbsp;kg (90,000&nbsp;lb)<br /> ER: 41,632&nbsp;kg (91,800&nbsp;lb) |- ! Bobot momotan maksimum | 8,527&nbsp;kg (18,800&nbsp;lb)<br /> LR: 9,070&nbsp;kg (19,995&nbsp;lb) | colspan=2 | 10,319&nbsp;kg (22,750&nbsp;lb)<br /> LR: 10,591&nbsp;kg (23,350&nbsp;lb) | 12,156&nbsp;kg (26,800&nbsp;lb) |- ! Kapasitas kargo | {{convert|15.5|m3|cuft|abbr=on}} | colspan=2 | {{convert|16.8|m3|cuft|abbr=on}} | {{convert|19.4|m3|cuft|abbr=on}} |- ! Dawa landasan nalika MTOW ([[International standard atmosphere|ISA]]) | {{convert|1564|m|ft|abbr=on}}<br /> ER: {{convert|1676|m|ft|abbr=on}}<br /> LR: {{convert|1851|m|ft|abbr=on}} | colspan=2 | {{convert|1778|m|ft|abbr=on}}<br /> ER: {{convert|1861|m|ft|abbr=on}}<br /> LR: {{convert|1944|m|ft|abbr=on}} | EuroLite: {{convert|1822|m|ft|abbr=on}}<br /> {{convert|1996|m|ft|abbr=on}}<br /> ER: {{convert|2079|m|ft|abbr=on}} |- ! Duwuré jelajah | colspan=4 | 12,500&nbsp;m (41,000&nbsp;ft) |- ! Kecepatan jelajah | Mach 0.78 (829&nbsp;km/h, 515&nbsp;mph) | Mach 0.78 (829&nbsp;km/h, 515&nbsp;mph) | Mach 0.80 (850&nbsp;km/h, 528&nbsp;mph) | Mach 0.78 (829&nbsp;km/h, 515&nbsp;mph) |- ! Kecepatan maksimum | Mach 0.825 (876&nbsp;km/h, 544&nbsp;mph) | Mach 0.83 (885&nbsp;km/h, 559&nbsp;mph) | Mach 0.83 (881&nbsp;km/h, 547&nbsp;mph) | Mach 0.82 (870&nbsp;km/h, 541&nbsp;mph) |- ! Jarak maksimum | {{convert|1434|nmi|abbr=on|lk=in}}<br /> ER: {{convert|1732|nmi|abbr=on}}<br /> LR: {{convert|2002|nmi|abbr=on}} | {{convert|1719|nmi|abbr=on|lk=in}}<br /> ER: {{convert|1963|nmi|abbr=on}}<br /> LR: {{convert|1999|nmi|abbr=on}} | {{convert|1350|nmi|abbr=on|lk=in}}<br /> ER: {{convert|1593|nmi|abbr=on}}<br /> LR: {{convert|1828|nmi|abbr=on}} | EuroLite: {{convert|1030|nmi|abbr=on|lk=in}}<br /> {{convert|1491|nmi|abbr=on}}<br /> ER: {{convert|1691|nmi|abbr=on}} |- ! Bahan bakar maksimum | colspan=4 | {{convert|8822|kg|abbr=on}} |- ! Mesin (2x) | [[General Electric CF34|GE CF34-8C5B1]] | [[General Electric CF34|GE CF34-8C5]] | GE CF34-8C5 | [[General Electric CF34|GE CF34-8C5A1]] |- ! Tenaga lepas landas (2x) | 56.4&nbsp;kN (12,670&nbsp;lbf) | 58.4&nbsp;kN (13,123&nbsp;lbf) | 59.4&nbsp;kN (13,360&nbsp;lbf) | 60.6&nbsp;kN (13,630&nbsp;lbf) |- ! Tenaga APR (2x) | 61.3&nbsp;kN (13,790&nbsp;lbf) | 63.4&nbsp;kN (14,255&nbsp;lbf) | 64.5&nbsp;kN (14,510&nbsp;lbf) | 64.5&nbsp;kN (14,510&nbsp;lbf) |} Sumber: CRJ700,<ref>[http://www.crj700.com/CRJ/en/specifications.jsp?langId=en&crjId=700 CRJ700 Specifications]{{Pranala mati|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Bombardier</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110708082703/http://www2.bombardier.com/en/3_0/3_6/pdf/Paris2009/CRJ_700_Factsheet.pdf CRJ700 NextGen Fact Sheet]. Bombardier, June 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.crjnextgen.com/CRJ/en/NextGen/pdf/CRJ700_EN.pdf CRJ700 NextGen Fact Sheet]{{Pranala mati|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} at crjnextgen.com</ref> CRJ705,<ref>[http://www.crj700.com/CRJ/en/specifications.jsp?langId=en&crjId=705 CRJ705 Specifications]{{Pranala mati|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Bombardier</ref> CRJ900,<ref>[http://www.crj.bombardier.com/CRJ/en/specifications.jsp?langId=en&crjId=900 CRJ900 Specifications] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011091936/http://www.crj.bombardier.com/CRJ/en/specifications.jsp?langId=en&crjId=900 |date=2010-10-11 }}. Bombardier</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110708082709/http://www2.bombardier.com/en/3_0/3_6/pdf/Paris2009/CRJ_900_Factsheet.pdf CRJ900 NextGen Fact Sheet]. Bombardier, June 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.crjnextgen.com/CRJ/en/NextGen/pdf/CRJ900_EN.pdf CRJ900 NextGen Fact Sheet]{{Pranala mati|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} at crjnextgen.com</ref> CRJ1000<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091229112709/http://www2.bombardier.com/en/3_0/3_6/pdf/Paris2009/CRJ_1000_Factsheet.pdf CRJ1000 NextGen Fact Sheet]. Bombardier, June 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.crjnextgen.com/CRJ/en/NextGen/pdf/CRJ1000_EN.pdf CRJ1000 NextGen Fact Sheet]{{Pranala mati|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} at crjnextgen.com</ref><ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/canada/crj1000.htm Bombardier CRJ1000] at globalsecurity.org</ref><ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/blogs/runway-girl/2008/07/meet-the-bombardier-crj1000-eu.html Meet the Bombardier CRJ1000 EuroLite] at flightglobal.com</ref> <br /> Notes: * Delta Connection CRJ900 kapasitasé 76 penumpang lan papat kru kanti konfigurasi gabungan rong kelas.<ref>[http://www.delta.com/planning_reservations/plan_flight/aircraft_types_layout/crj_900/index.jsp Canadair Regional Jet 900 (CRJ)]</ref> == Pesanan lan pengiriman == {| style="text-align: center; font-size: 97%;" class="wikitable" |- bgcolor="#DDDD" !Seri model !Pesanan !Pengiriman !Durung dikirim |- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |CRJ700|| 328 || 287 || 41 |- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |CRJ705|| 16 || 16 || - |- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |CRJ900|| 248 || 234 || 14 |- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |CRJ1000|| 49 || 0 || 49 |- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" | Total || 641 || 537 || 104 |} Semua data diperoleh padha 30 April 2010.<ref name="Report"/> == Cathetan sikil == {{reflist|2}} == Pranala njaba == {{Commons|Bombardier CRJ}} * [http://www.crj.bombardier.com/CRJ/en/home.jsp Bombardier CRJ page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070621185745/http://www.crj.bombardier.com/CRJ/en/home.jsp |date=2007-06-21 }} * [http://www.crj.bombardier.com/CRJ/en/NextGen/index.html Bombardier CRJ NextGen page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209061002/http://crj.bombardier.com/CRJ/en/NextGen/index.html |date=2010-02-09 }} {{Bombardier aircraft}} [[Kategori:Bombardier Aerospace]] 3qv5ut90qe2nwrbpa2gwkta1w3v3d40 Bombardier CRJ200 0 95897 1756318 1641164 2026-09-12T02:03:11Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756318 wikitext text/x-wiki {{rapèkaké}} {{Infobox Aircraft |name= CRJ100 / CRJ200 |logo = |image= Image:Cimber.air.crj-200.oy-rja.arp.jpg |caption=Cimber Air CRJ200 |type=[[Pesawat penumpang regional]] |national origin = [[Kanada]] |manufacturer= [[Bombardier Aerospace]] |designer= |first flight = 10 Mèi 1991 |introduction = 1992 ([[Lufthansa]]) |retired= |status = Aktif |primary user= [[SkyWest Airlines]], [[MexicanaLink]] |more users=[[Pinnacle Airlines]] <br /> [[Atlantic Southeast Airlines]] <br /> [[Comair]] |produced = |number built =1,050+ (Series 100/200) |unit cost =US$24-39.7 juta padha 2006 |developed from=[[Bombardier Challenger 600]] |variants with their own articles = [[Bombardier CRJ700|CRJ700/900/1000]] }} '''Bombardier CRJ100''' lan '''CRJ200''' ya iku kulawarga [[pesawat penumpang regional]] kang dibangun déning [[Bombardier Aerospace|Bombardier]], dijukuk saka basis jet bisnis [[Bombardier Challenger 600|Canadair Challenger]].Canadair Challenger]]. == Pengembangan == [[Gambar:CRJ cockpit.jpg|Kokpit CRJ|thumb|left]] Pesawat digawé kanti basis désain Canadair Challenger, kang dituku déning Canadair saka Learjet taun 1976. Lambung kang amba saka Challenger dikabarke luwih awal marang petinggi Canadair yèn bakal ditarik mengarep kanggo dawakake pesawat kanggo mengakomodir kursi luwih akèh, lan ana rencana kanggo gawé '''Challenger 610E''', kang duwé kapasitas penumpang 24 wong. Dawakake mau gagal dilakokake, lan usaha mau mandeg taun 1981, nanging ide mau ora ilang. Tahun 1987, studi dimulai kanggo konfigurasi dawakake kang luwih ambisius, gawa marang peluncuran formal saka program '''Canadair Regional Jet''' ing mangsa semi 1989. Jeneng "Canadair" tetep ditahanake sanajan Bombardier wis tuku perusahaan mau. Siji saka telu pesawat mau kanti jeneng '''CRJ100''' nglakokaké penerbangan perdana nalika 10 Mèi 1991, lan siji saka prototip mau ilang amarga uter ora bisa dikendalikake nalika Juli 1993. Tipe iki éntuk sertifikasi nalika akir taun 1992, kanti pengiriman pertama dilakokake ing akir taun mau. === CRJ100 === [[Gambar:lufthansa.crj-100.d-aclp.arp.jpg|[[Lufthansa]] CRJ100|thumb|left]] CRJ100 didawakake nganti 5.92 mèter (19&nbsp;ft 5 in) saka model Challenger 600, kanti dawakake ing pérangan ngarep lan buri swiwi, 2 lawang darurat tambahan, lan swiwi kang diowah lan dimodifikasi. Kapsitas penumpang normal ya iku 50 penumpang kanti kapasitas maksimum 52 wong. CRJ100 dipirantèni kanti sistem avionik Collins ProLine 4, radar cuaca Collins, mesin turbofan GE CF34-3A1 kanti tenaga 41.0&nbsp;kN (4,180 kgp / 9,220&nbsp;lbf), swiwi anayar kanti bentang kang diambakake, kapasitas bahan bakar luwih, lan roda pendarat kang ditingkatakake kanggo ngatasi beban kang luwih gedhé. Banjur dipeloni déning sub varian '''CRJ100 ER''' kanti jarak jangkau tambahan 20%, lan sub varian '''CRJ100 LR''' kanti jarak tempuh tambahan 40% saka varian standard CRJ100. Sub varian '''CRJ 100 SE''' diprodhuksi kanggo memenuhi kebutuhan operator korporat lan èksekutif. === CRJ200 === [[Gambar:Canadair CL-600-2B19 Regional Jet CRJ-200ER - Air Nostrum (Iberia Regional) - EC-JEN - LEMD - 200503051641.jpg|[[Air Nostrum]] CRJ200 ER|thumb|right]] CRJ200 duwé model identik kanti model 100 nanging kanti mesin kang luwih efisien. [[Pinnacle Airlines]] ngoperasikake pira-pira kanti 44 kursi, didésain minangka '''CRJ440''', kanti jarak antar jagongan kang luwih endek bisa ditampung 50 kursi. Modifikasi iki dilakokake kanggo memungkinkan operasi ing ngisor kontrak kanti maskapé gedhé kang mbatesi maskapé penghubung saka operasi pesawat sak duwure 50 kursi kanggo nyegah persaingan ora séhat. kanti kondisi kang padha, Armada Comair CRJ200 40 kursi diwènèhake kanti rega diskon kanggo nyegah Comair tuku pesawat kang luwih murah lan cilik [[Embraer 145 Family|Embraer 135]]. Nalika Agustus 2006 total 938 pesawat CRJ100 lan CRJ200 (kabèh varian) ana sajrone layanan maskapé, kanti turahan 8 pesanan pasti. Operator utama meliputi [[Comair]] (143), [[Pinnacle Airlines]] (121), [[SkyWest Airlines]] (136), [[Atlantic Southeast Airlines]] (110), [[Air Wisconsin]] (70), [[ALMA de Mexico]] (22), [[Air Canada Jazz]] (58), [[Mesa Airlines]] (60), [[Lufthansa CityLine]] (26), [[Air Nostrum]] (35, Plus 7 orders), [[PSA Airlines]] (35), [[Republic Airways Holdings]] (20) dan [[Mesaba Airlines]] (19). Sekitar 20 maskapé lain mengoperasikan pesawat ini kanti jumlah luwih kecil.<ref name="FI">[[Flight International]], 3-9 October 2006</ref> == Varian == [[Gambar:Canadair RJ-100SE N877SE Kenosha WI 10.06.97R edited-2.jpg|thumb|right|CRJ-100SE pesawat korporat ing [[Kenosha, Wisconsin]] taun 1997]] [[Gambar:Canadair Regional Jet CRJ-200LR 2006 04 07.jpg|CRJ-200|thumb|left]] Pira-pira model saka CRJ wis digawé, kanti kapasitas kira-kira saka 40 nganti 50 penumpang. Kode pesawat '''Jet Regional''' resmi ya iku'''CL-600-2B19'''. ;CRJ100: CRJ100 ya iku versi asli 50 kursi. Dilengkapi kanti mesin [[GE Aircraft Engines|General Electric]] [[General Electric CF34|CF34-3A1]]. Operator meliputi [[Air Canada Jazz]], [[Comair]] lan liya-liyae. ;CRJ200: CRJ200 identik kanti CRJ100 kajaba kanggo mesine, ing ngendi dikembangkan dadi CF34-3B1, nyediakake efisiensi luwih dhuwur. ;CRJ440: Nampung nganti 44 kursi, versi iki digawé kanggo mengakomodir kebutuhan pira-pira maskapé gedhé Amérikah Sarékat. ;[[Bombardier Challenger 850|Challenger 800/850]]: Varian jet bisnis kanggo CRJ200 == Operator == {{See|Pratélan operator Bombardier CRJ}} == Spesifikasi == {| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;" |- ! Varian ! CRJ100 ER/LR ! CRJ200 ER/LR |- ! Kru | colspan=2 | 3 (2 juru anggegana + pramugari) |- ! Kapasitas kursi | colspan=2 | 50 |- ! Dawa<br />Bentang swiwi<br />Tinggi | colspan=2 | 26.77 m (87&nbsp;ft 10 in)<br />21.21 m (69&nbsp;ft 7 in)<br />6.22 m (20&nbsp;ft 5 in) |- ! Mesin (2x)<br />Tenaga lepas landas (2x)<br />Tenaga maksimum (2x) | [[GE CF34]]-3A1 <br />38.83&nbsp;kN (8,729&nbsp;lbf)<br />41.01&nbsp;kN (9,220&nbsp;lbf) | [[GE CF34]]-3B1 <br />38.83&nbsp;kN (8,729&nbsp;lbf)<br />41.01&nbsp;kN (9,220&nbsp;lbf) |- ! Bobot maksimum tanpa bahan bakar (ZFW) | colspan=2 | 19,958&nbsp;kg (44,000&nbsp;lb) |- ! Bobot momotan maksimum | colspan=2 | 6,124&nbsp;kg (13,500&nbsp;lb) |- ! Bobot lepas landas maksimum (MTOW) | colspan=2 | 24,091&nbsp;kg (53,000&nbsp;lb) |- ! Jarak maksimum | ER: 3,000&nbsp;km (1,864&nbsp;mi, 1,620 nmi)<br />LR: 3,710&nbsp;km (2,305&nbsp;mi, 2,003 nmi) | ER: 3,045&nbsp;km (1,895&nbsp;mi, 1,644 nmi)<br />LR: 3,713&nbsp;km (2,307&nbsp;mi, 2,004 nmi) |- ! Kecepatan jelajah | colspan=2 | Mach.78 [503&nbsp;mph, 437 knots] (593.74&nbsp;mph ground, 516 knots ground) |- ! Ketinggian penerbangan | colspan=2 | 12,496 m (41,000&nbsp;ft) |- ! Jumlah pesanan | colspan=2 | 1054 |- ! Tanggal sertifikasi | Tidak ora dingerteni | Juli 1992 |} '''''CRJ200:''''' '''Dhimènsi:''' :Amba swiwi (net) 520.4 ft2 48.35 m2 :Diameter lambung 8 ft 10 in 2.69 m :Lingkar putar 75 ft 22.86 m<ref name="internet">[http://www2.bombardier.com/Used_Aircraft/en/CRJ_Specifications.jsp CRJ SPECIFICATIONS] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200119172902/http://www2.bombardier.com/Used_Aircraft/en/CRJ_Specifications.jsp |date=2020-01-19 }}, (Kaunduh 24/1/13).</ref> == Cathetan sikil == {{reflist}} * Jackson, Paul. ''Jane's All The World's Aircraft 2003–2004''. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Information Group, 2003. ISBN 0-7106-2537-5. == Pranala njaba == {{Commons|Bombardier Canadair Regional Jet}} * [http://www.crj.bombardier.com/CRJ/en/home.jsp CRJ-series at the Bombardier homepage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070621185745/http://www.crj.bombardier.com/CRJ/en/home.jsp |date=2007-06-21 }} {{Bombardier aircraft}} [[Kategori:Bombardier Aerospace]] [[Kategori:Pesawat]] 0ld96my6ga6ycdl0sourdiwrg88sngo Eritrosit 0 96797 1756321 1754925 2026-09-12T06:08:16Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756321 wikitext text/x-wiki {{rapèkaké}} [[Gambar:redbloodcells.jpg|right|frame|250px|Eritrosit manungsa]] '''Èritrosit''' utawa '''sèl getih abang''' ({{lang-en|red blood cell (RBC), erythrocyte}})<ref name="jwk blood">{{cite web|url = http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/B/Blood.html|title = John W. Kimball's Biology pages - Blood|accessdate = 2010-02-14|archive-date = 2009-10-08|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091008113901/http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/B/Blood.html|url-status = dead}}</ref> ya iku jinis [[getih]] kang paling akèh ana ing awak lan nduwé kagunan nggawa [[oksigèn]] tumuju jaringan-jaringan awak lumantar getih ing [[kéwan]] [[vèrtebrata]]. Tembung èritrosit asalé saka [[basa]] [[Yunani]], ya iku ''erythros'' tegesé [[abang]] lan ''kytos'' tegesé ''selubung'' utawa [[sèl]]. == Ciri-ciri == Wujud eritrosit ya iku bunder, bikonkaf utawa [[cakram]]. Eritrosit ora nduwé inti, dhindhingé ''elastis'', sarta ''fleksibel''.<ref name="internet1">[http://id.shvoong.com/medicine-and-health/medicine-history/2136601-darah-fungsi-darah-plasma-darah/#ixzz2JckVATeR Fungsi Darah] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130201112440/http://id.shvoong.com/medicine-and-health/medicine-history/2136601-darah-fungsi-darah-plasma-darah/#ixzz2JckVATeR |date=2013-02-01 }}(diundhuh 1 Fèbruari 2013)</ref> Ukuran diamèteré udakara 7,7 unit (0,007&nbsp;mm) lan ora obah. Akèhé udakara 5 yuta ing 1 mm3. Wernané [[kuning]] rada abang.<ref name="internet2">[http://www.smallcrab.com/kesehatan/655-mengenal-secara-singkat-fungsi-dan-bagian-bagian-darah Fungsi dan Bagian Darah] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124192842/http://smallcrab.com/kesehatan/655-mengenal-secara-singkat-fungsi-dan-bagian-bagian-darah |date=2013-01-24 }}(diundhuh 1 Fèbruari 2013)</ref> Pérangan jero eritrosit kawangun saka [[hemoglobin]], siji biomolekul kang bisa nalèni oksigèn. Hemoglobin bakal njupuk oksigèn saka [[paru-paru]] lan [[angsang]], lan oksigèn mau bakal diculaké nalika eritrosit nglwéati [[pembuluh kapiler]]. Werna [[abang]] eritrosit asalé saka warna hemoglobin kang unsur bahan nggawéné saka [[zat besi]]. Ing manungsa, sèl getih abang iki digawé ing [[sungsum balung buri]], banjur minangka kepingan [[bikonkaf]]. Ing jero sritrosit ora ana inti sèl (nukleus). Eritrosit aktif 120 dina sadurungé pungkasané remuk.<ref>Laura Dean. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowTOC&rid=rbcantigen.TOC&depth=2 ''Blood Groups and Red Cell Antigens'']</ref> == Kagunan == Kagunan eritrosit kang utama ya iku nalèni oksigèn saka paru-paru kanggo disebar tumuju kabèh jaringan awak lan nalèni [[karbon dioksida]] saka jaringan awak kanggo ditokaké liwat paru-paru.<ref name="internet2"/> Prosès nalèni oksigèn lan karbondioksida iki ditindakaké déning hemoglobin kang wis minangka senyawa karo oksigèn kang banjur diarani [[oksihemoglobin]] (Hb + oksigèn 4 Hb-oksigèn).<ref name="internet2"/> dadi, oksigèn kang diangkud saka kabèh pérangan awak minangka oksihemoglobin kang mengkoné sawisé tekan jaringan bakal diculaké: Hb-oksigèn Hb + oksigèn, lan sabanjuré.<ref name="internet2"/> Hb mau bakal mentuk senyawa karo karbondioksida lan diarani karbon dioksida hemoglobin (Hb + karbon dioksida Hb-karbon dioksida) ing endi karbon dioksida mau bakal diculaké ing paru-paru.<ref name="internet2"/> Nalika eritrosit ana ing tegangan ing pembuluh kang sempit, eritrosit bakal ngeculaké [[ATP]] kang bakal njalari dhindhing jaringan ngaso lan dadi amba.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0805779105 | last = Wan | first = Jiandi | author2 = William D Ristenpart | author3 = Howard A Stone | title = Dynamics of shear-induced ATP release from red blood cells | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | date = 2008-10-15 | url = http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2008/10/14/0805779105 | pmid = 18922780 }}</ref> Eritrosit uga ngeculaké senyawa [[S-nitrosothiol]] nalika hemoglobin ''terdeoksigenasi'', kang uga nduwé kagunan kanggo ngambakaké pembuluh getih lan nglancaraké iliné getih supaya getih mili tumuju pérangan awak kang kurang oksigèn.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.108.176867 | volume = 103 | issue = 5 | pages = 545–53 | last = Diesen | first = Diana L | author2 = Douglas T Hess | author3 = Jonathan S Stamler | title = Hypoxic vasodilation by red blood cells: evidence for an s-nitrosothiol-based signal | journal = Circulation Research | date = 2008-08-29 | url = http://circres.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/103/5/545 | pmid = 18658051 }}</ref> Eritrosit uga migunani ing sistem kekebalan awak. Nalika eritrosit ngalami prosès lisis déning [[patogen]] utawa [[baktèri]], hemoglobin ing eritrosit bakal ngeculaké radhikal bébas kang bakal ngremuk dhindhing lan mémbran sèl patogen, sarta matèni.<ref>[http://www.dbs.nus.edu.sg/eventlist/happenings/details/2007/dingSTsep07.pdf Red blood cells do more than just carry oxygen. New findings by NUS team show they aggressively attack bacteria too.], ''[[The Straits Times]]'', 1 September 2007</ref><ref>Jiang N, Tan NS, Ho B, Ding JL. Respiratory protéin-generated reactive oxygen species as an antimicrobial strategy. ''Nature Immunology'', 26 August 2007. PMID 17721536.</ref> == Eritrosit ing manungsa == Kepingan eritrosit manungsa nduwé diamèter udakara 6-8 μm lan kekandelan 2 μm, luwih cilik tinimbang sèl-sèl liyané kang ana ing awak manungsa.<ref>{{Cite book | last = Hillman | first = Robert S. | last2 = Ault | first2 = Kenneth A. | last3 = Rinder | first3 = Henry M. | year = 2005 | title = Hematology in Clinical Practice: A Guide to Diagnosis and Management | url = https://archive.org/details/hematologyinclin0000hill_l7c2 | edition = 4 | publisher = McGraw-Hill Professional | page = [https://archive.org/details/hematologyinclin0000hill_l7c2/page/1 1] | isbn = 0071440356 }} </ref> Eritrosit normal duwé [[volume]] udakara 9 fL (9 [[femto]][[liter]]). Udakara sepertelon saka volume kang diisèni [[hemoglobin]] ya iku kabèh ana 270 yuta molekul hemoglobin, ing endi saben molekul nggawa 4 gugus [[heme]]. Wong diwasa nduwé 2-3 × 1013 eritrosit saben wektu (wong wadon nduwé 4-5 yuta eritrosit per mikroliter getih lan waong lanang nduwé 5-6 yuta). Déné wong kang manggon ing [[dhataran dhuwur]] kang duwé kadhar oksigèn cendhak, nduwé eritrosit kang luwih akèh. Eritrosit kaandhut ing getih kanthi gunggungé kang dhuwur dibandhingaké karo partikel getih liyané, kaya ta [[leukosit]] kang mung 150.000-400.000 ing saben mikroliter ing getih manungsa. Ing manungsa, hemoglobin ing eritrosit nduwni peran kanggo ngeteraké punjul 98% oksigèn tumuju kabèh pérangan awak, déné sisané larut ing jero [[plasma getih]]. Eritrosit ing jero awak manungsa nyimpen udakara 2.5 gramak [[besi]], nyulihi udakara 65% kandhutan besi ing awak manungsa.<ref>[http://www.med-ed.virginia.edu/courses/path/innes/nh/iron.cfm Iron Metabolism], University of Virginia Pathology. Accessed 22 September 2007.</ref><ref>[http://sickle.bwh.harvard.edu/iron_transport.html Iron Transport and Cellular Uptake] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070307113258/http://sickle.bwh.harvard.edu/iron_transport.html |date=2007-03-07 }} by Kenneth R. Bridges, Information Center for Sickle Cell and Thalassemic Disorders. Accessed 22 September 2007.</ref> === Polimorfisme lan kelainan === Morfologi eritrosit kang normal ya iku bikonkaf. Cekungan (konkaf) ing eritrosit kanggo mènèhi ruwang hemoglobin kang bakal nalèni oksigèn. Nanging, polimorfisme kang njalari abnormalitas ing eritrosit bisa njalari tuwuhé akèh [[lelara]]. Padatan, polimorfisme dijalari déning [[mutasi]] [[gen]] pengkode hemoglobin, gen pengkode [[protéin transmembran, utawa gen pengkode protéin [[sitoskeleton]]. Polimorfisme kang bisa kadadéan antarané ya iku [[anemia sèl sabit]], ''Duffy'' négatif, ''Glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency'' (defisiensi G6PD), [[talasemia]], kelainan glikoporin, lan ''[[Ovalositosis|South-East Asian Ovalocytosis]]'' (SAO).<ref>Kwiatkowski DP. 2005. How malaria has affected the human genome and what human genetic can teach us about malaria. ''Am. J. Hum. Genet.'' 77: 171-92.</ref> == Cathetan suku == {{reflist}} [[Kategori:Getih]] 281eglco5xqau9fm4fklhy5zcbamfqd Genta Raja Seongdeok 0 98239 1756326 1664407 2026-09-12T07:32:42Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756326 wikitext text/x-wiki {{coord|35|49|46.47|N|129|13|40.54|E|display=title}} [[Gambar:Korea south silla bell.jpg|thumb|right|Genta Raja Seongdeok]] '''Genta Raja Seongdeok''' (성덕대왕 신종) inggih punika satunggaling [[genta]] [[perunggu]] raksesa ingkang wonten ing [[Gyeongju]], [[Koréa Kidul]].<ref>[http://www.parandeul.co.kr/emillebell..htm Emille bell], ''parandeul''.</ref><ref name="gentasongdok">{{cite book | last= | first= | authorlink= | year=2007 | publisher=Korean Spirit & Culture Promotion Project | title=Fifty Wonders of Koréa, Volume 1 - Culture and Art | edition= 1 | url=http://www.koreanhero.net/fiftywonders/FiftyWonders_English.pdf | pages=82-87}}</ref> Genta punika kalebet ingkang paling ageng ing [[Koréa]]. Genta mau nggandhul ing satunggaling paviliun plataran [[Musiyum Nasional Gyeongju]], Provinsi [[Gyeongsang Utara]]. == Sajarah == Ugi dipunparingi nama '''Genta Emille''', '''Genta Bongdeoksa''' utawi'''Genta Suci Raja Seongdeok''', dipundamel awit saking préntahipun [[Gyeongdeok saking Silla|Raja Gyeongdeok]] (tahta 742-765), raja kaping 35 saking kraton [[Silla]] minangka wujud bakti dhumateng sang bapak, [[Seongdeok saking Silla|Raja Seongdeok]] (?-737, tahta 702-727). Raja Gyeongdeok séda sadèrèngipun genta punika rampun kadamel lan dipunlajengaken déning [[Hyegong saking Silla|Raja Hyegong]] dumugi kapungkasan ing taun 771.<ref name="gentasongdok"/> == Swantun genta == Genta Raja Seongdeok ngasilaken swantun ingkang anhap nanging saged betah dumugi tigang menit, durasi ingkang paling dangu ing donya. Nalika wanci dalu, dentang lonceng utawi genta saged mrambat kanthi tebih 3&nbsp;km. Wonten ing [[Basa Silla]], Emille ateges "ibu".<ref name="emile">[http://www.lifeinkorea.com/Travel2/122 Gyeongju National Museum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810214857/http://www.lifeinkorea.com/travel2/122 |date=2016-08-10 }}, ''lifeinkorea''.</ref> Miturut legenda, genta mau boten medalaken swantun nalika rampung kapisan. Pendéta kepala paring dhawuh supados genta mau dipunlèlèhaken malih lan miturut mimpinipun, piyambakipun nguncalaken setunggaling laré ing jeronipun.<ref name="emile"/> Nalika genta rampung, swantunipun kados tangisan bayi ingkang swantunipun "emille". == Keunikan == Kanggé damel genta, kirang langkung mbetahaken 27 ton perunggu. Nanging tèhnik anggènipun damel taksih dados misteri déning para ilmuwan masa sapunika.<ref name="gentasongdok"/> Genta kanthi ukuran sami saged dipundamel tanpa awrat, nanging kedah kaliyan pambiyantu [[tanur]] inggil lan ''perlengkapan'' modhèren. Genta kanthi dhuwur 3,75 mèter lan bobot dumugi 19 ton punika dipungandhulaken ngginakaken tangaki wesi kanthi diameter 8,5&nbsp;cm. Nalika taun 1975 nalika dipunpindhah saking papan sadèrèngipun ([[Kuil Bongdeok]]) dhateng [[Museum Nasional Gyeongju]], satunggaling usaha dipunlampahi kanggé nggantos tangkai ingkang sampun sepuh. Nanging dados awrat amargi cincin ing tangkai kanggé nggantung namung mawi diameèter 9&nbsp;cm. == Cathetan suku == {{reflist}} == Pranala njawi == * [http://www.hometokorea.org/node/168 Sacred Bell of King Songdok-wang] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100906023003/http://www.hometokorea.org/node/168 |date=2010-09-06 }} * [http://www.markinsamerica.com/MA5/emille.php History and Legend of Emille Bell] [[Kategori:Loncèng ing Koréa]] [[Kategori:Seni ing Koréa]] [[Kategori:Metalurgi]] h2mh3ly1yckfg6uahr4u5mt4e0zearh Henri Matisse 0 99046 1756352 1749087 2026-09-12T09:27:33Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756352 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Portrait of Henri Matisse 1933 May 20.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Potret Henri Matisse (1933)]] [[Barkas:Odalisque à la culotte rouge d'Henri Matisse.jpg|jmpl|Odalisque nganggo celana abang]] '''Henri-Émile-Benoît Matisse''' ([[31 Dhésèmber]] [[1869]] – [[3 November]] [[1954]])punika satunggaling palukis Prancis. Piyambakipun miyos wonten ing Le Cateau-Cambresis, Nord, [[Perancis]]. Putra pambarep saking satunggaling pedagang gandum ingkang makmur. Piyambakipun ageng wonten ing Bohain-en-Vermandois, [[Picardie]], [[Perancis]]. Wonten ing taun [[1887]], piyambakipun tindak dhateng [[Paris]] kanggé sinau hukum. Sasampun pikantuk kualifikasinipun, piyambakipun nyambut damel minangka administrator pengadilan wonten ing Le Cateau-Cambresis. Piyambakipun pisanan miwiti nglukis wonten ing taun [[1889]], sasampun ibunipun mbektakaken pirinti seni. Piyambakipun ugi ngraos sampun manggihaken sajinis “swarga" lan netepaken kanggé dados satunggaling seniman. Bab punika damel kuciwa sanget ingkang rama. Wonten ing taun [[1891]], piyambakipun wangsul dhateng [[Paris]] kanggé sinau seni wonten ing Julian Académie lan dados murid William-Adolphe Bouguereau lan Gustave Moreau.<ref>http://www.artst.org/matisse Matisse Gallery at Artst</ref> Wiwitanipun piyambakipun nglukis obyèk mati ingkang katingal “urip” lan sesawangan dharat wonten ing gaya tradhisional, ing pundi piyambakipun dumugi ing kawegiganipun. Matisse kapangaruh déning karya-karya guru sadèrèngipun kados Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin, Nicolas Poussin, lan Antoine Watteau, sarta seniman modhèren kados Édouard Manet, lan seni [[Jepang]]. Chardin inggih punika salah satunggaling pelukis ingkang paling dipunsegenni Matisse, minangka satunggaling mahasiswa seni piyambakipun damel salinan saking sekawan lukisan Chardin ing Louvre.<ref>http://www.matisse-picasso.com/ Matisse-Picasso</ref> Pada taun 1896 dan 1897, Matisse mengunjungi pelukis Australia, John Peter Russell, di pulau Belle-Île, lepas pasisir Brittany. Russell memperkenalkannya kepada Impresionisme dan karya van Gogh yang pernah menjadi teman Russel. Gaya Matisse berubah sepenuhnya, dan ia kemudian akan mengatakan "Russell ya iku guru saya, dan Russell menjelaskan téyori warna kepada saya.” Pada taun 1896, lima lukisan Matisse dipamerkan di Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts, dua di antaranya ya iku dibeli olèh Nagara. Kanthi modèl Caroline Joblau, piyambakipun lajeng gadhah satunggaling putri, Marguerite, miyos wonten ing taun [[1894]]. Wonten ing taun [[1898]] piyambakipun palakrama kaliyan Amélie Noellie Parayre, lan kekalihipun ngrumat Marguerite sesarengan lan gadhah kalih putra, Jean (miyos [[1899]]) lan Pierre (miyos [[1900]]). Marguerite lan Amélie asring dipunlukis minangka modè déning Matisse. Wonten ing taun [[1951]] Matisse mungkasaken sawijining proyèk sekawan taun ngrantam interior, jendela kaca lan dékorasi saking Chapelle du Rosaire de Vence, asring dipunsebut minangka kapel Matisse. Proyèk punika minangka kasil saking kekancan akrab antawising Matisse lan Suster Jacques-Marie. Wonten ing taun [[1952]] piyambakipun mbiyangun sawijining [[musiyum]] ingkang dipundèdikasikaken kanggé pedamelanipun, Museum Matisse wonten ing Le Cateau, lan sapunika kolèksi paling ageng kaping 3 saking Matisse ing Perancis.<ref>http://www.musee-matisse-nice.org/ Musée Matisse Nice</ref> Miturut David Rockefeller, tugas akir Matisse inggih punika damel désain jendela kaca ing Union Church of Pocantico Hills. Matisse séda amargi serangan jantung wonten ing yuswa 84 taun nalika [[November]] [[1954]]. Piyambakipun dipunsarèkakken wonten ing pasaréyan Monastère Notre Dame de Cimiez, caket [[Nice]]. == Sumber pustaka == * F. Celdran, R.R. Vidal y Plana. ''Triangle : Henri Matisse - Georgette Agutte - Marcel Sembat'' Paris, Yvelinedition, 2007. ISBN 978-2-84668-131-5. * Raymond Escholier. ''Matisse. A Portrait of the Artist and the Man.'' London, Faber & Faber, 1960. * [[Lawrence Gowing]]. ''Matisse.'' New York, Oxford University Press, 1979. ISBN 0-19-520157-4. * David Lewis. "Matisse and Byzantium, or, Mechanization Takes Command" in [[Modernism/modernity]] 16:1 ([http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/modernism-modernity/toc/mod.16.1.html January 2009)], 51-59. * Pierre Schneider. ''Matisse.'' New York, Rizzoli, 1984. ISBN 0-8478-0546-8. * [[Hilary Spurling]]. ''The Unknown Matisse: A Life of Henri Matisse, Vol. 1, 1869-1908''. London, Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 1998. ISBN 0-679-43428-3. * Hilary Spurling. ''Matisse the Master: A Life of Henri Matisse, Vol. 2, The Conquest of Colour 1909 - 1954''. London, Hamish Hamilton Ltd, 2005. ISBN 0-241-13339-4. * [[John Russell (art critic)|John Russell]]. ''Matisse, Father & Son,'' published by Harry N. Abrams, NYC. Copyright John Russell 1999, ISBN 0 81094378 6 * Alastair Wright. ''Matisse and the Subject of Modernism'' Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2006. ISBN 0-691-11830-2. ==Cathetan suku== {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == {{wikiquote}} * [http://www.henri-matisse.net/ Henri Matisse: Life and Work ] 500 hi-res images * [http://www.moma.org/collection/browse_results.php?criteria=O:AD:E:3832&page_number=1&template_id=6&sort_order=1 Henri Matisse at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA)] * [http://cgfa.sunsite.dk/matisse/index.html Henri Matisse at CGFA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050801234845/http://cgfa.sunsite.dk/matisse/index.html |date=2005-08-01 }} * [http://www.muséumsyndicate.com/artist.php?artist=95 Henri Matisse Gallery at MuseumSyndicate]{{Pranala mati|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [http://www.abcgallery.com/M/matisse/matisse.html Henri Matisse at Olga's Gallery] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022124319/http://www.abcgallery.com/M/matisse/matisse.html |date=2018-10-22 }} 158 pictures * [http://www.halter.net/gallery/matisse-jl.html Henri Matisse: A Virtual Art Gallery] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070129033804/http://www.halter.net/gallery/matisse-jl.html |date=2007-01-29 }} * [http://www.ac-grenoble.fr/PhiloSophie//articles.php?lng=fr&pg=6274 Matisse on Philo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080102082134/http://www.ac-grenoble.fr/PhiloSophie/articles.php?lng=fr&pg=6274 |date=2008-01-02 }} * [http://www.artbma.org/collection/cone/cone_html.html The Cone Sister Collection at The Baltimore Museum of Art] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070306234841/http://www.artbma.org/collection/cone/cone_html.html |date=2007-03-06 }} * [http://www.morozov-shchukin.com The Morozov-Shchukin collections] * Flam, Jack. ''[http://www.psupress.psu.edu/books/titles/0-912298-73-1.html Matisse in the Cone Collection] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060901075320/http://www.psupress.psu.edu/books/titles/0-912298-73-1.html |date=2006-09-01 }}'', Baltimore Museum of Art, 2001 ISBN 0-912298-73-1 * [http://www.smk.dk/smk.nsf/5a8a7f63d33b85d8c125697a007844f9/919a110b1d91e60ac1256b7900455fbe!OpenDocument Matisse at Statens Museum for Kunst ("The Danish National Gallery")] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080501103925/http://www.smk.dk/smk.nsf/5a8a7f63d33b85d8c125697a007844f9/919a110b1d91e60ac1256b7900455fbe!OpenDocument |date=2008-05-01 }} * [http://www.arsny.com Artists Rights Society, Matisse's U.S. Copyright Representatives] * [http://www.nybooks.com/articles/18171 Hillary Spurling, ''Matisse's pajamas,'' online article] {{Commons category|Henri Matisse}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Matisse, Henri}} [[Kategori:Lair 1869]] [[Kategori:Pati 1954]] [[Kategori:Palukis Prancis]] bbdyexps14jpmrku0ucyarojgq5owr8 Komponis 0 127866 1756294 1743948 2026-09-11T13:24:38Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 /* Rujukan */ 1756294 wikitext text/x-wiki {{multiscript|Komponis|ꦏꦺꦴꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦴꦤꦶꦱ꧀}} [[File:Louis-Nicolas Clerambault.jpg|thumb|Komponis Pranicis [[Louis-Nicolas Clérambault]] lagi nulis musik ing kiboré]] '''Komponis''' utawa '''komposer''' iku siji wong kang mardawa lagu utawa nggawé musik. Tembung iki dijupuk saka basa Latin ''com+ponere'', kang tegesé "wong kang masang dadi siji". Lumrahé tembung komponis utawa komposer dienggo wong kang nggawé Musik Donya Kulon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kumparan.com/berita-terkini/pengertian-komponis-sebagai-pencipta-lagu-23CKYBAyuqk|title=Pengertian Komponis sebagai Pencipta Lagu|website=kumparan|language=id-ID|access-date=2026-02-17}}</ref> Komponis inggih punika tiyang ingkang nyipta karya musik lumantar proses komposisi, inggih punika kagiyatan nyusun lan ngolah unsur-unsur musikal kados melodi, harmoni, irama, wujud (bentuk), struktur, dinamika, saha warna swara (timbre) dados satunggaling kasatuan estetik ingkang utuh. Wiwit jaman kuna dumugi jaman modern, peran komponis tansah ngalami owah-owahan, saking panyipta tembang tradisional ingkang asring boten kawentar asmanipun dumugi dados seniman mandiri ingkang karyanipun dipunpentasaken, dipunrekam, saha dipunpèlajari lintas generasi. Komponis gadhah peran wigati ing pambentukan identitas budaya, tradhisi agami, sistem pendhidhikan, lan perkembangan estetika musik.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.headline.co.id/36780/pengertian-komposer-adalah-memahami-peran-pencipta-keindahan-melalui-musik/|title=Pengertian Komposer Adalah? Memahami Peran Pencipta Keindahan Melalui Musik|last=Wibowo|first=Fajar Ari|date=2025-03-23|website=Headline.co.id|language=en-US|access-date=2026-02-17}}</ref> Ing tradhisi musik Kulon, pangrembakan notasi musik nalika Abad Pertengahan ndadosaken karya-karya saged kacathet lan dipunwarisaken kanthi langkung ajeg. Salah satunggaling tokoh wigati ing jaman Renaisans inggih punika Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, ingkang misuwur kanthi komposisi musik sakral polifonik. Nalika mlebet jaman Barok, teknik kontrapung lan wangun kados fugue saha concerto saya ngrembaka, kados ing karya Johann Sebastian Bach lan George Frideric Handel. Struktur musikal dados langkung rumit, nanging ugi langkung sistematis lan teratur.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dropcatch.com/domain/pelajarindo.com|title=DropCatch.com|website=www.dropcatch.com|language=en|access-date=2026-02-17}}</ref> Jaman Klasik nandhesaken kaselarasan, proporsi, lan kajelasan struktur, kados kapanggih ing karya Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart lan Ludwig van Beethoven. Beethoven dipunsebat minangka jembatan dhateng jaman Romantik amargi ngembangaken ekspresi emosional lan cakupan struktural simfoni saha sonata. Ing jaman Romantik, ekspresi pribadi lan kebebasan bentuk dados langkung pinunjul, kados ing karya Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky lan Richard Wagner, ingkang ngrembakakaken gagasan ''Gesamtkunstwerk'' utawi karya seni total.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://getcomposer.org/|title=Composer|website=getcomposer.org|access-date=2026-02-17}}</ref> Nalika mlebet abad kaping 20, kathah inovasi medal, kalebet sistem nada kalih welas ingkang dipunrembakakaken dening Arnold Schoenberg. Inovasi ritmis lan orkestrasi ugi katingal cetha ing karya Igor Stravinsky. Perkembangan teknologi rekaman lan piranti elektronik ndadosaken lairipun musik elektronik lan musik film, saéngga lapangan pakaryan komponis saya wiyar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dewatiket.id/blog/komposer-indonesia/|title=7 Komposer Indonesia Paling Legendaris yang Harus Kamu Tahu!|last=Dewatiket|first=Tim|date=2023-12-29|website=Dewatiket|language=en-US|access-date=2026-02-17}}</ref> Ing Indonesia, peran komponis ugi gadhah teges nasional. Wage Rudolf Supratman nyipta “Indonesia Raya” minangka lagu kabangsaan, dene Ismail Marzuki misuwur kanthi lagu-lagu perjuangan ingkang ngemu semangat nasionalisme. Lumantar karya-karyanipun, para komponis Indonesia nyumbang dhateng pambentukan identitas bangsa lan semangat kamardikan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lifestyle.sindonews.com/berita/1424116/157/10-komposer-musik-paling-jenius-sepanjang-masa|title=10 Komposer Musik Paling Jenius Sepanjang Masa|website=SINDOnews Lifestyle|language=id-ID|access-date=2026-02-17}}</ref> Proses komposisi saged katindakaken kanthi manéka cara. Sawetawis komponis nyerat notasi kanthi rinci sadèrèngipun dipunpentasaken, dene sanesipun miwiti saking improvisasi. Ing jaman digital, piranti lunak notasi lan ''digital audio workstation'' (DAW) ndadosaken komponis saged nyipta, ngrekam, lan nyunting karya kanthi mandiri. Kahanan menika ndadosaken profesi komponis langkung fleksibel lan global.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.idntimes.com/science/discovery/7-komposer-musik-klasik-paling-terkenal-sepanjang-masa-01-srhfp-6g44bj|title=7 Komposer Musik Klasik Paling Terkenal Sepanjang Masa|last=Hamzah|first=Dinda|date=2024-09-08|website=IDN Times|language=id|access-date=2026-02-17}}</ref> Ing babagan sosial lan ékonomi, komponis jaman rumiyin asring dados abdi kraton utawi gréja, nanging ing jaman modern kathah ingkang dados seniman independen. Sistem hak cipta lan royalti paring pangayoman hukum dhateng karya-karya musik, saéngga komponis saged pikantuk pangakuan lan ganjaran ingkang trep. Lembaga manajemen kolektif ugi ngatur distribusi hak ekonomi lan moral para pencipta musik.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://suarapena.com/komponis-legendaris-indonesia-yang-terus-dikenang|title=Komponis Legendaris Indonesia yang Terus Dikenang|last=Kibo|first=Daniel|date=2024-08-13|website=Suarapena.com {{!}} Suara Pena Mata Hati Bangsa|language=id|access-date=2026-02-17}}</ref> Saking sudut pandang pendhidhikan, kathah komponis sinau wonten ing konservatorium utawi perguruan tinggi seni kanthi nyinaoni teori musik, harmoni, kontrapung, orkestrasi, lan sajarah musik. Nanging ugi wonten ingkang ngrembaka kanthi cara otodidak. Ingkang dados dhasar utama inggih punika kreativitas, kepekaan rasa, lan kaprigelan teknis.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://beritaenam.com/komponis-legendaris-indonesia-dan-karya-yang-melegenda/|title=Komponis Legendaris Indonesia Dan Karya Yang Melegenda|date=2024-08-12|language=en-US|access-date=2026-02-17}}</ref> Kanthi mekaten, komponis inggih punika figur sentral ing jagading musik ingkang nyawijèkaken gagasan artistik kaliyan realisasi swara. Karya-karyanipun boten namung ngasilaken struktur musikal, nanging ugi nggambaraken nilai budaya, pengalaman emosional, lan dinamika jamanipun. Perkembangan teknologi lan globalisasi tansah mbentuk lan ngowahi peran komponis, saéngga profesi menika tetep relevan lan wigati ing peradaban manungsa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wislah.com/mengenal-komponis-rangkuman-materi-seni-musik-kelas-12-sma-kurikulum-merdeka/|title=Mengenal Komponis (Rangkuman Materi Seni Musik Kelas 12 SMA Kurikulum Merdeka)|last=Jakarta|first=Guru|date=2023-07-29|website=Wislah.com - Pusat Referensi Pilihan|language=en-US|access-date=2026-02-17}}</ref> == Rujukan == [[Kategori:Musik]] [[Kategori:Pedamelan]] [[Kategori:Komponis klasik abad ka-20]] [[Kategori:Komponis Amérika Sarékat]] [[Kategori:Komponis| ]] 18uq5pv12pbwsvwk2ru41bsrfb799af Kategori:Panglipur 14 129837 1756304 949809 2026-09-11T13:54:33Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 /* */ 1756304 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Kategori:Tokoh miturut pakaryan]] [[Kategori:Hiburan]] opxzgr2ux91e6anzrb9bia7uw5jjgfr Naraguna:Meursault2004/1000wikidays 2 143515 1756310 1756285 2026-09-11T16:30:44Z Meursault2004 3 /* Pratélan artikel 501 - 600 */ 1756310 wikitext text/x-wiki * '''(jv)''' '''[[:m:100wikidays|1000wikidays]] (1000 dina Wiki), wiwit ing tanggal 31 Oktober 2017'''. Sawisé aku wis bisa nglaksanakaké 100wikidays nganti putus in tanggal 7 Oktober 2016, aku golèk ''tantangan'' anyar. Mula sataun sawisé iku aku kaul manèh. Aku nyoba nulis 1000 artikel sajroning sèwu dina. Nanging amerga cacahé artikel akèh, aku luwih supel olèhku nulis lan wektuné luwih longgar. Dadi ora saben dina sinambung tanpa pedhot, nanging saka tanggal 31 Oktober 2017 nganti tanggal 31 Desember 2020. Dadi pituwasé yaiku: : 2017: 62 dina : 2018: 365 dina : 2019: 365 dina : 2020: 366 dina : --------- + : Total: 1158 dina : Dadi aku olèh 158 dina èkstra supaya kaulku bisa sidayatra, tegesé ya saben sasi olèh patang dina èkstra kanggo kalonggaran menawa ana perkara liya sing luwih wigati lan uga supaya aku ora gugur. Mangga dipirsani nganti tekan ngendi aku bisa tahan :-) Paling ora aku ngarep-arep bisa nulis 1000 artikel anyar sadurungé tutup taun 2020, awit taun 2021 Wikipedia bakal 20 taun yuswané. * '''(en)''' '''1000wikidays beginning on October 31st, 2017'''. After having succesfully completed the #100wikidays challenge on October 5th, 2016, I was looking for a new challenge. Therefore I am doing the 1000wikidays. I try to write 1000 articles during 1000 days on the Javanese Wikipedia. However because we are dealing with a great number of articles, I will impose myself a more relaxed rule. I allow myself not to write 1000 articles continuously in 1000 days, but it is from October 31, 2017 to December 31, 2020. So the number of the days is like this: : 2017: 62 days : 2018: 365 days : 2019: 365 days : 2020: 366 days : --------- + : Total: 1158 days : Therefore I get 158 days extra in order for my pledge to be finished, this means that I get four extra days each month whenever there will be more pressing issues and so I won't fail in this endeavour. Well, let's see how far I'll come :-) At the very least, I want to write 1000 new articles before the end of 2020, as Wikipedia would be 20 years in 2021. == Pratélan artikel == === Pratélan artikel 501 - 600 === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Dina <br> (''Day'') !! Artikel<br>(''Article'') !! Tanggal<br>(''Date'') !! Ringkesan ing basa Inggris<br>(''Summary in English'') !! Nomer lan cacahé artikel<br>(''Number of articles'') !! Wikidata |- | ... || [[...]] || ... || [[:en:......]] || ... || [[:d:...]] |- | ... || [[...]] || ... || [[:en:......]] || ... || [[:d:...]] |- | ... || [[...]] || ... || [[:en:......]] || ... || [[:d:...]] |- | ... || [[...]] || ... || [[:en:......]] || ... || [[:d:...]] |- | 503.2 || [[Oljas Bektenov]] || 11 Sèptèmber 2026 || [[:en:Oljas Bektenov|Oljas Bektenov]] || 565 || [[:d:Q124436646|Q124436646]] |- | 503.1 || [[Nana Visitor]] || 11 Sèptèmber 2026 || [[:en:Nana Visitor|Nana Visitor]] || 564 || [[:d:Q231576|Q231576]] |- | || || 10 Sèptèmber 2026 || || || |- | 502 || [[George Krugers]] || 9 Sèptèmber 2026 || [[:en:George Krugers|George Krugers]] || 563 || [[:d:Q5512324|Q5512324]] |- |501 || [[Gloria Steinem]] || 8 Sèptèmber 2026 || [[:en:Gloria Steinem|Gloria Steinem]] || 562 || [[:d:Q231178|Q231178]] |- |} === Pratélan artikel 401 - 500 === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Dina <br> (''Day'') !! Artikel<br>(''Article'') !! Tanggal<br>(''Date'') !! Ringkesan ing basa Inggris<br>(''Summary in English'') !! Nomer lan cacahé artikel<br>(''Number of articles'') !! Wikidata |- | 500 || [[Garrett Wang]] || 7 Sèptèmber 2026 || [[:en:Garrett Wang|Garrett Wang]] || 561 || [[:d:Q551354|Q551354]] |- | 499 || [[Jennifer Lien]] || 6 Sèptèmber 2026 || [[:en:Jennifer Lien|Jennifer Lien]] || 560 || [[:d:Q272020|Q272020]] |- | 498 || [[Suzie Plakson]] || 5 Sèptèmber 2026 || [[:en:Suzie Plakson|Suzie Plakson]] || 559 || [[:d:Q1396070|Q1396070]] |- | 497 || [[Alison Pill]] || 4 Sèptèmber 2026 || [[:en:Alison Pill|Alison Pill]] || 558 || [[:d:Q237781|Q237781]] |- | 496 || [[Raphael Sbarge]] || 3 Sèptèmber 2026 || [[:en:Raphael Sbarge|Raphael Sbarge]] || 557 || [[:d:Q277099|Q277099]] |- | 495 || [[Barbara Babcock]] || 2 Sèptèmber 2026 || [[:en:Barbara Babcock|Barbara Babcock]] || 556 || [[:d:Q453984|Q453984]] |- | 494 || [[Rick Worthy]] || 1 Sèptèmber 2026 || [[:en:Rick Worthy|Rick Worthy]] || 555 || [[:d:Q3011915|Q3011915]] |- | 493 || [[Pura Aditya Jaya]] || 31 Agustus 2026 || Pura Aditya Jaya, a Hindu Balinese temple in Jakarta || 554 || [[:d:Q110094218|Q110094218]] |- | 492 || [[Kate Mulgrew]] || 30 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Kate Mulgrew|Kate Mulgrew]] || 553 || [[:d:Q230038|Q230038]] |- | 491 || [[Andrea Martin]] || 29 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Andrea Martin|Andrea Martin]] || 552 || [[:d:Q442309|Q442309]] |- | 490 || [[Cecily Adams]] || 28 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Cecily Adams|Cecily Adams]] || 551 || [[:d:Q274883|Q274883]] |- | 489 || [[Tim Curry ]] || 27 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Tim Curry|Tim Curry]] || 550 || [[:d:Q52392|Q52392]] |- | 488.2 || [[John Noble ]] || 26 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:John Noble|John Noble]] || 549 || [[:d:Q312399|Q312399]] |- | 488.1 || [[Dolly Parton ]] || 26 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Dolly Parton|Dolly Parton]] || 548 || [[:d:Q180453|Q180453]] |- | 487 || [[Mustafa Centre]] || 25 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Mustafa Centre|Mustafa Centre]] || 547 || [[:d:Q6943245|Q6943245]] |- | || || 24 Agustus 2026 || || || |- | 486 || [[Jonathan Del Arco]] || 23 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Jonathan Del Arco|Jonathan Del Arco]] || 546 || [[:d:...]] |- | 485 || [[Carel Struycken]] || 22 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:......]] || 545 || [[:d:...]] |- | 484 || [[Simon Billig]] || 21 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:......]] || 544 || [[:d:...]] |- | 483 || [[ Ada Maris ]] || 20 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:......]] || 543 || [[:d:...]] |- | 482 || [[Bruce Horak]] || 19 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:......]] || 542 || [[:d:...]] |- | 481 || [[Steven Culp ]] || 18 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:...]] || 541 || [[:d:...]] |- | 480 || [[Gatot Abdullah Mansyur]] || 17 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:......]] || 540 || [[:d:...]] |- | 479 || [[Lindhu Flores 2026]] || 16 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:......]] || 539 || [[:d:...]] |- | 478 || [[ Ella Purnell]] || 15 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:......]] || 538 || [[:d:...]] |- | 477 || [[Whoopi Goldberg]] || 14 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Whoopi Goldberg|Whoopi Goldberg]] || 537 || [[:d:...]] |- | 476 || [[Mia Kirshner]] || 13 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Mia Kirshner|Mia Kirshner]] || 536 || [[:d:Q231660|Q231660]] |- | 475 || [[Demi Vollering]] || 12 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Demi Vollering|Demi Vollering]], a Dutch female cylist || 535 || [[:d:Q54436538|Q54436538]] |- | 474 || [[Jane Wyatt]] || 11 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Jane Wyatt|Jane Wyatt]] || 534 || [[:d:Q234089|Q234089]] |- | 473 || [[Robert O'Reilly]] || 10 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Q2158428|Q2158428]] || 533 || [[:d:Q2158428|Q2158428]] |- | 472 || [[Lycia Naff]] || 9 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Lycia Naff|Lycia Naff]] || 532 || [[:d:Q533795|Q533795]] |- | 471 || [[Adam Roarke]] || 8 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Adam Roarke|Adam Roarke]] || 531 || [[:d:Q4679679|Q4679679]] |- | 470 || [[Andrew Robinson (aktor)]] || 7 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Andrew Robinson (actor)|Andrew Robinson]] || 530 || [[:d:Q506958|Q506958]] |- | 469 || [[Mutiara Sentosa II]] || 6 Agustus 2026 || Mutiara Sentosa II, an Indonesian ship, which burned and sank on August 2, 2026 || 529 || [[:d:Q24862978|Q24862978]] |- | 468 || [[Dawnn Lewis]] || 5 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Dawnn Lewis|Dawnn Lewis]] || 528 || [[:d:Q3019260|Q3019260]] |- | 467 || [[Fnideq]] || 4 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Fnideq|Fnideq]], a Moroccan town || 527 || [[:d:Q513678|Q513678]] |- | 466 || [[Vaughn Armstrong]] || 3 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:Vaughn Armstrong|Vaughn Armstrong]] || 526 || [[:d:Q713810|Q713810]] |- | 465 || [[Insidhèn wates antara Maroko–Spanyol taun 2021]] || 2 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:2021 Morocco–Spain border incident|2021 Morocco–Spain border incident]] || 525 || [[:d:...]] |- | 464 || [[Insidhèn wates antara Maroko–Spanyol taun 2026]] || 1 Agustus 2026 || [[:en:2026 Morocco–Spain border incident|2026 Morocco–Spain border incident]] || 524 || [[:d:...]] |- | 463 || [[James Darren]] || 31 Juli 2026 || [[:en:James Darren|James Darren]] || 523 || [[:d:...]] |- | 462 || [[Salome Jens]] || 30 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Salome Jens|Salome Jens]] || 522 || [[:d:...]] |- | 461 || [[Richard Poe]] || 29 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Richard Poe|Richard Poe]] || 521 || [[:d:...]] |- | 460 || [[Evan Evagora]] || 28 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Evan Evagora|Evan Evagora]] || 520 || [[:d:...]] |- | 459 || [[Kenneth Marshall]] || 27 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Kenneth Marshall|Kenneth Marshall]] || 519 || [[:d:Q1738645|Q1738645]] |- | 458 || [[Marc Alaimo]] || 26 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Marc Alaimo|Marc Alaimo]] || 518 || [[:d:Q926194|Q926194]] |- | 457 || [[Scott MacDonald (aktor)]] || 25 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Scott MacDonald (aktor)|Scott MacDonald]] || 517 || [[:d:...]] |- | 456 || [[Robert Picardo]] || 24 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Robert Picardo|Robert Picardo]] || 516 || [[:d:...]] |- | 455 || [[Emily Coutts]] || 23 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Emily Coutts|Emily Coutts]] || 515 || [[:d:...]] |- | 454 || [[Randy Oglesby]] || 22 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Randy Oglesby|Randy Oglesby]] || 514 || [[:d:...]] |- | 453 || [[Andy Burnham]] || 21 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Andy Burnham|Andy Burnham]], a British prime minister || 513 || [[:d:...]] |- | 452 || [[Theresa Farrell]] || 20 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Terry Farrell (actress)|Terry Farrell]] || 512 || [[:d:...]] |- | 451 || [[Nicole de Boer]] || 19 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Nicole de Boer|Nicole de Boer]] || 511 || [[:d:...]] |- | 450 || [[Matt Winston]] || 18 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Matt Winston|Matt Winston]] || 510 || [[:d:...]] |- | 449 || [[David Cronenberg]] || 17 Juli 2026 || [[:en:David Cronenberg|David Cronenberg]] || 509 || [[:d:...]] |- | 448 || [[Casey Biggs]] || 16 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Casey Biggs|Casey Biggs]] || 508 || [[:d:...]] |- | 447 || [[John Rhys-Davies]] || 15 Juli 2026 || [[:en:John Rhys-Davies|John Rhys-Davies]] || 507 || [[:d:...]] |- | 446 || [[Kellie Waymire]] || 14 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Kellie Waymire|Kellie Waymire]] || 506 || [[:d:...]] |- | 445 || [[ Anthony De Longis]] || 13 Juli 2026|| [[:en: Anthony De Longis| Anthony De Longis]] || 505 || [[:d:...]] |- | 444 || [[Wilson Cruz]] || 12 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Wilson Cruz|Wilson Cruz]] || 504 || [[:d:...]] |- | 443 || [[Wil Wheaton]] || 11 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Wil Wheaton|Wil Wheaton]] || 503 || [[:d:...]] |- | 442 || [[Gates McFadden]] || 10 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Gates McFadden|Gates McFadden]] || 502 || [[:d:Q253764|Q253764]] |- | 441 || [[Adrienne Barbeau]] || 9 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Adrienne Barbeau|Adrienne Barbeau]] || 501 || [[:d:Q253561|Q253561]] |- | 440 || [[Jayne Brook]] || 8 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Jayne Brook|Jayne Brook]] || 500 || [[:d:Q449561|Q449561]] |- | 439 || [[Laurel Goodwin]] || 7 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Laurel Goodwin|Laurel Goodwin]] || 499 || [[:d:Q3218819|Q3218819]] |- | 438 || [[Rebecca Romijn]] || 6 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Rebecca Romijn|Rebecca Romijn]] || 498 || [[:d:Q202792|Q202792]] |- | 437 || [[Walter Koenig]] || 5 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Walter Koenig|Walter Koenig]] || 497 || [[:d:Q376176|Q376176]] |- | 436 || [[Keiko Fujimori]] || 4 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Keiko Fujimori|Keiko Fujimori]] || 496 || [[:d:Q235137|Q235137]] |- | 435 || [[Jess Bush]] || 3 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Jess Bush|Jess Bush]] || 495 || [[:d:Q111024535|Q111024535]] |- | 434 || [[Majel Barrett]] || 2 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Majel Barrett|Majel Barrett]] || 494 || [[:d:Q232917|Q232917]] |- | 433 || [[Robert Beltran]] || 1 Juli 2026 || [[:en:Robert Beltran|Robert Beltran]] || 493 || [[:d:Q367549|Q367549]] |- | 432 || [[Josh Clark (aktor)]] || 30 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Josh Clark (actor)|Josh Clark]] || 492 || [[:d:Q6288759|Q6288759]] |- | 431 || [[Sonequa Martin-Green]] || 29 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Sonequa Martin-Green]] || 491 || [[:d:Q7560935|Q7560935]] |- | 430 || [[Sonja Sohn]] || 28 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Sonja Sohn]] || 490 || [[:d:Q441836|Q441836]] |- | 429 || [[Jeffrey Combs]] || 27 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Jeffrey Combs]] || 489 || [[:d:Q452288|Q452288]] |- | 428 || [[John Hoyt]] || 26 Juni 2026 || [[:en:John Hoyt|John Hoyt]] || 488 || [[:d:Q1700513|Q1700513]] |- | 427 || [[Annie Wersching]] || 25 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Annie Wersching|Annie Wersching]] || 487 || [[:d:Q239093|Q239093]] |- | 426 || [[Susanna Thompson]] || 24 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Susanna Thompson|Susanna Thompson]] || 486 || [[:d:Q442661|Q442661]] |- | 425 || [[Alice Krige]] || 23 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Alice Krige|Alice Krige]] || 485 || [[:d:Q236479|Q236479]] |- | 424 || [[Ray Walston]] || 22 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Ray Walston|Ray Walston]] || 484 || [[:d:Q692800|Q692800]] |- | 423 || [[Muhadi Suyono]] || 21 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Muhadi Suyono|Muhadi Suyono]] || 483 || [[:d:Q139741801|Q139741801]] |- | 422 || [[David Ajala]] || 20 Juni 2026 || [[:en:David Ajala|David Ajala]] || 482 || [[:d:Q28113147|Q28113147]] |- | 421 || [[Jack Quaid]] || 19 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Jack Quaid|Jack Quaid]] || 481 || [[:d:Q1139078|Q1139078]] |- | 420 || [[Gwynyth Walsh]] || 18 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Gwynyth Walsh|Gwynyth Walsh]] || 480 || [[:d:Q3122597|Q3122597]] |- | 419 || [[Melanie Scrofano]] || 17 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Melanie Scrofano|Melanie Scrofano]] || 479 || [[:d:Q6811348|Q6811348]] |- | 418 || [[Alexander Siddig]] || 16 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Alexander Siddig|Alexander Siddig]] || 478 || [[:d:Q311165|Q311165]] |- | 417 || [[Philip Anglim]] || 15 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Philip Anglim|Philip Anglim]] || 477 || [[:d:Q2086035|Q2086035]] |- | 416 || [[Dwight Schultz]] || 14 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Dwight Schultz|Dwight Schultz]] || 476 || [[:d:Q355344|Q355344]] |- | 415 || [[Tarik Ergin]] || 13 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Tarik Ergin|Tarik Ergin]] || 475 || [[:d:Q7686064|Q7686064]] |- | 414 || [[Scott Bakula]] || 12 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Scott Bakula|Scott Bakula]] || 474 || [[:d:Q311699|Q311699]] |- | 413 || [[Hannah Cheesman]] || 11 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Hannah Cheesman|Hannah Cheesman]] || 473 || [[:d:Q24963319|Q24963319]] |- | 412 || [[Jaycee Dugard]] || 10 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Kidnapping of Jaycee Dugard|Kidnapping of Jaycee Dugard]] || 472 || [[:d:Q1344861|Q1344861]] |- | 411 || [[Hamilton, Ontario]] || 9 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]] || 471 || [[:d:Q133116|Q133116]] |- | 410 || [[Julian Fellowes]] || 8 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Julian Fellowes|Julian Fellowes]] || 470 || [[:d:Q336018|Q336018]] |- | 409 || [[Alex Macqueen]] || 7 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Alex Macqueen|Alex Macqueen]] || 469 || [[:d:Q4717408|Q4717408]] |- | 408 || [[Perry Fitzpatrick]] || 6 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Perry Fitzpatrick|Perry Fitzpatrick]] || 468 || [[:d:Q22087168|Q22087168]] |- | 407 || [[Susan Lynch]] || 5 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Susan Lynch|Susan Lynch]] || 467 || [[:d:Q259816|Q259816]] |- | 406 || [[David Haig]] || 4 Juni 2026 || [[:en:David Haig|David Haig]] || 466 || [[:d:Q1985868|Q1985868]] |- | 405 || [[Richenda Carey]] || 3 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Richenda Carey|Richenda Carey]] || 465 || [[:d:Q7330402|Q7330402]] |- | 404 || [[Stephen Campbell Moore]] || 2 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Stephen Campbell Moore|Stephen Campbell Moore]] || 464 || [[:d:Q924821|Q924821]] |- | 403 || [[Max Brown (aktor Britani Agung)]] || 1 Juni 2026 || [[:en:Max Brown (British actor)|Max Brown]] || 463 || [[:d:Q2468792|Q2468792]] |- | 402 || [[Mark Addy]] || 31 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Mark Addy|Mark Addy]] || 462 || [[:d:Q342430|Q342430]] |- | 401 || [[Lisa Dillon]] || 30 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Lisa Dillon|Lisa Dillon]] || 461 || [[:d:Q6557935|Q6557935]] |- |} === Pratélan artikel 301 - 400 === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Dina <br> (''Day'') !! Artikel<br>(''Article'') !! Tanggal<br>(''Date'') !! Ringkesan ing basa Inggris<br>(''Summary in English'') !! Nomer lan cacahé artikel<br>(''Number of articles'') !! Wikidata |- | 400 || [[Andrew Havill]] || 29 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Andrew Havill|Andrew Havill]] || 460 || [[:d:...]] |- | 399 || [[Kate Phillips]] || 28 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Kate Phillips|Kate Phillips]] || 459 || [[:d:...]] |- | 398 || [[Geraldine James ]] || 27 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Geraldine James|Geraldine James]] || 458 || [[:d:...]] |- | 397.2 || [[Talyllyn Railway]] || 26 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Talyllyn Railway|Talyllyn Railway]] || 457 || [[:d:...]] |- | 397.1 || [[Simon Jones (aktor)]] || 26 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Simon Jones (actor)|Simon Jones]] || 456 || [[:d:...]] |- | 396 || [[Patricia Hodge]] || 25 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Patricia Hodge|Patricia Hodge]] || 455 || [[:d:...]] |- | 395 || [[James Greene (aktor Irlan Lor)|James Greene]] || 24 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:James Greene (Northern Irish actor)|James Greene]] || 454 || [[:d:Q11910476|Q11910476]] |- | 394 || [[Rachel Pickup]] || 23 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Rachel Pickup|Rachel Pickup]] || 453 ||[[:d:Q5362042|Q5362042]] |- | 393 || [[Ronald Pickup]] || 22 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Ronald Pickup|Ronald Pickup]] || 452 || [[:d:Q4356744|Q4356744]] |- | 392 || [[Frederick Lukis]] || 21 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Frederick Lukis|Frederick Lukis]] || 451 || [[:d:Q15994597|Q15994597]] |- | 391 || [[Adrian Lukis]] || 20 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Adrian Lukis|Adrian Lukis]] || 450 || [[:d:...]] |- | 390 || [[Rupert Frazer]] || 19 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Rupert Frazer |Rupert Frazer ]] || 449 || [[:d:...]] |- | 389 || [[Trevor Cooper]] || 18 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Trevor Cooper|Trevor Cooper]] || 448 || [[:d:...]] |- | 388 || [[Nichola Burley]] || 17 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Nichola Burley|Nichola Burley]] || 447 || [[:d:...]] |- | 387 || [[ Alice Patten]] || 16 Mèi 2026 || [[:en: Alice Patten]] || 446 || [[:d:...]] |- | 386 || [[Jane Lapotaire]] || 15 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Jane Lapotaire|Jane Lapotaire]] || 445 || [[:d:...]] |- | 385.2 || [[Tywyn]] || 14 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Tywyn|Tywyn]] || 444 || [[:d:...]] |- | 385.1 || [[Alun Armstrong]] || 14 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Alun Armstrong|Alun Armstrong]] || 443 || [[:d:...]] |- | 384 || [[Naomi Radcliffe]] || 13 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Naomi Radcliffe|Naomi Radcliffe]] || 442 || [[:d:...]] |- | 383 || [[Jon Glover]] || 12 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Jon Glover|Jon Glover]] || 441 || [[:d:...]] |- | 382.2 || [[Amanda Coulson]] || 11 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Amanda Coulson|Amanda Coulson]] || 440 || [[:d:...]] |- | 382.1 || [[Ed Cooper Clarke]] || 11 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Ed Cooper Clarke|Ed Cooper Clarke]] || 439 || [[:d:...]] |- | 381 || [[Anna Chancellor]] || 10 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Anna Chancellor|Anna Chancellor]] || 438 || [[:d:...]] |- | 380.2 || [[Manon Bannerman]] || 9 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Manon Bannerman|Manon Bannerman]] || 437 || [[:d:...]] |- | 380.1 || [[Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery]] || 9 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery|Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery]] || 436 || [[:d:...]] |- | 379 || [[Fanny Cochrane Smith]] || 8 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Fanny Cochrane Smith|Fanny Cochrane Smith]] || 435 || [[:d:...]] |- | 378 || [[Truganini]] || 7 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Truganini|Truganini]] || 434 || [[:d:...]] |- | 377 || [[Kika Markham]] || 6 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Kika Markham|Kika Markham]] || 433 || [[:d:...]] |- | 376 || [[Freda Dudley Ward]] || 5 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Freda Dudley Ward|Freda Dudley Ward]], an English socialite || 432 || [[:d:Q531153]] |- | 375 || [[Janet Montgomery]] || 4 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Janet Montgomery|Janet Montgomery]] || 431 || [[:d:Q271121|Q271121]] |- | 374 || [[James Fox]] || 3 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:James Fox|James Fox]], a British actor || 430 || [[:d:...]] |- | 373 || [[Poppy Drayton]] || 2 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Poppy Drayton|Poppy Drayton]], a British actor || 429 || [[:d:...]] |- | 372 || [[Oliver Dimsdale]] || 1 Mèi 2026 || [[:en:Oliver Dimsdale|Oliver Dimsdale]], a British actor || 428 || [[:d:...]] |- | 371 || [[ Alastair Bruce]] || 30 April 2026 || [[:en: Alastair Bruce| Alastair Bruce]], a British actor || 427 || [[:d:...]] |- | 370 || [[Michael Benz ]] || 29 April 2026 || [[:en:Michael Benz|Michael Benz]], a British actor || 426 || [[:d:...]] |- | 369 || [[Kiri Te Kanawa ]] || 28 April 2026 || [[:en:Kiri Te Kanawa|Kiri Te Kanawa]] || 425 || [[:d:...]] |- | 368 || [[Jonathan Howard (aktor)]] || 27 April 2026 || [[:en:Jonathan Howard (actor)]], a British actor || 424 || [[:d:...]] |- | 367.2 || ''[[Michael (film 2026)]]'' || 26 April 2026 || ''[[:en:Michael (2026 film)|Michael (2026)]]'' || 423 || [[:d:...]] |- | 367.1 || [[Stephen Critchlow]] || 26 April 2026 || [[:en:Stephen Critchlow|Stephen Critchlow]] || 422 || [[:d:...]] |- | 366 || [[ Di Botcher]] || 25 April 2026 || [[:en: Di Botcher| Di Botcher]] || 421 || [[:d:...]] |- | 365 || [[Phoebe Nicholls]] || 24 April 2026 || [[:en:Phoebe Nicholls|Phoebe Nicholls]] || 420 || [[:d:...]] |- | 364 || [[Simone Lahbib]] || 23 April 2026 || [[:en:Simone Lahbib|Simone Lahbib]] || 419 || [[:d:...]] |- | 363 || [[John Henshaw]] || 22 April 2026 || [[:en:John Henshaw|John Henshaw]] || 418 || [[:d:...]] |- | 362 || [[Ron Donachie]] || 21 April 2026 || [[:en:Ron Donachie|Ron Donachie]] || 417 || [[:d:...]] |- | 361 || [[Tim Pigott-Smith]] || 20 April 2026 || [[:en:Tim Pigott-Smith|Tim Pigott-Smith]] || 416 || [[:d:...]] |- | 360.2 || [[Omah Voorlezer]] || 19 April 2026 || [[:en:Voorlezer's House|Voorlezer's House]] || 415 || [[:d:...]] |- | 360.1 || [[Terence Harvey]] || 19 April 2026 || [[:en:Terence Harvey|Terence Harvey]], a British actor || 414 || [[:d:Q19560708|Q19560708]] |- | 359 || [[Downton Abbey: The Grand Finale]] || 18 April 2026 || [[:en:Downton Abbey: The Grand Finale]], a British-American historical drama movie || 413 || [[:d:Q126164193|Q126164193]] |- | 358 || [[Downton Abbey: A New Era]] || 17 April 2026 || [[:en:Downton Abbey: A New Era|Downton Abbey: A New Era]], a British-American historical drama movie || 412 || [[:d:Q106577763|Q106577763]] |- | 357 || [[Edward Baker-Duly]] || 16 April 2026 || [[:en:Edward Baker-Duly|Edward Baker-Duly]], a British actor || 411 || [[:d:Q5341720|Q5341720]] |- | 356 || [[Sharon Small]] || 15 April 2026 || [[:en:Sharon Small|Sharon Small]] || 410 || [[:d:...]] |- | 355 || [[Nigel Havers]] || 14 April 2026 || [[:en:Nigel Havers|Nigel Havers]] || 409 || [[:d:...]] |- | 354 || [[Trevor White (aktor)|Trevor White]] || 13 April 2026 || [[:en:Trevor White (actor)|Trevor White]] || 408 || [[:d:...]] |- | 353 || [[Julian Wadham]] || 12 April 2026 || [[:en:Julian Wadham|Julian Wadham]], a British actor || 407 || [[:d:Q1354565|Q1354565]] |- | 352 || [[Lachlan Nieboer]] || 11 April 2026 || [[:en:Lachlan Nieboer]], an Australian actor || 406 || [[:d:...]] |- | 351 || [[Jeremy Clyde]] || 10 April 2026 || [[:en:Jeremy Clyde|Jeremy Clyde]], an English actor || 405 || [[:d:...]] |- | 350 || [[Ann Jane Wenham Figgins]] || 9 April 2026 || [[:en:Jane Wenham (actress)|Jane Wenham]], an English actress || 404 || [[:d:...]] |- | 349 || [[Bernard Gallagher]] || 8 April 2026 || [[:en:Bernard Gallagher|Bernard Gallagher]], a British actor || 403 || [[:d:...]] |- | 348 || [[Charlie Cox]] || 7 April 2026 || [[:en:Charlie Cox|Charlie Cox]], a British actor || 402 || [[:d:...]] |- | 347 || [[Paul Putner]] || 6 April 2026 || [[:en:Paul Putner|Paul Putner]], a British actor || 401 || [[:d:...]] |- | 346 || [[Victoria Emslie]] || 5 April 2026 || [[:en:Victoria Emslie|Victoria Emslie]], a British actress || 400 || [[:d:...]] |- | 345 || [[Antonia Bernath]] || 4 April 2026 || [[:en:Antonia Bernath|Antonia Bernath]], a British actress || 399 || [[:d:...]] |- | 344 || [[Harriet Walter]] || 3 April 2026 || [[:en:Harriet Walter]], an English actress || 398 || [[:d:...]] |- | 343 || [[Catherine Steadman]] || 2 April 2026 || [[:en:Catherine Steadman|Catherine Steadman]] || 397 || [[:d:...]] |- | 342 || [[Rade Šerbedžija]] || 1 April 2026 || [[:en:Rade Šerbedžija|Rade Šerbedžija]], a Yugoslav/Croatian actor of Serbian descent || 396 || [[:d:...]] |- | 341 || [[Emma Lowndes]] || 31 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Emma Lowndes|Emma Lowndes]], a British actress || 395 || [[:d:...]] |- | 340 || [[Sue Johnston]] || 30 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Sue Johnston|Sue Johnston]], a British actress || 394 || [[:d:...]] |- | 339 || [[James Sebastian Faulkner]] || 29 Maret 2026 || [[:en:...]] || 393 || [[:d:...]] |- | 338 || [[Penny Downie]] || 28 Maret 2026 || [[:en:...]] || 392 || [[:d:...]] |- | 337 || [[Matthew Barber]] || 27 Maret 2026 || [[:en:...]] || 391 || [[:d:...]] |- | 336 || [[Peter Egan]] || 26 Maret 2026 || [[:en:...]] || 390 || [[:d:...]] |- | 335 || [[Jeremy Swift]] || 25 Maret 2026 || [[:en:...]] || 389 || [[:d:...]] |- | 334 || [[Andrew Scarborough]] || 24 Maret 2026 || [[:en:...]] || 388 || [[:d:...]] |- | 333 || [[Daisy Lewis]] || 23 Maret 2026 || [[:en:...]] || 387 || [[:d:...]] |- | 332.2 || [[Gunung Bazardüzü]] || 22 Maret 2026 || [[:en:...]] || 386 || [[:d:...]] |- | 332.1 || [[Patrick Kennedy (aktor)|Patrick Kennedy]] || 22 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Patrick Kennedy (actor)|Patrick Kennedy]] || 385 || [[:d:...]] |- | 331 || [[Nigel Harman]] || 21 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Nigel Harman|Nigel Harman]] || 384 || [[:d:...]] |- | 330 || [[Joanna David]] || 20 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Joanna David|Joanna David]], an English actress || 383 || [[:d:...]] |- | 329 || [[Gary Carr (aktor)]] || 19 Maret 2026 || [[:en:...]] || 382 || [[:d:...]] |- | 328 || [[Andrew Alexander (aktor)]] || 18 Maret 2026 || [[:en:...]] || 381 || [[:d:...]] |- | 327 || [[Douglas Reith]] || 17 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Douglas Reith|Douglas Reith]] || 380 || [[:d:...]] |- | 326 || [[MyAnna Buring]] || 16 Maret 2026 || [[:en:MyAnna Buring|MyAnna Buring]] || 379 || [[:d:...]] |- | 325 || [[Nicky Henson]] || 15 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Nicky Henson|Nicky Henson]] || 378 || [[:d:...]] |- | 324 || [[Ged Simmons]] || 14 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Ged Simmons|Ged Simmons]] || 377 || [[:d:Q2662699|Q2662699]] |- | 323 || [[Shirley MacLaine]] || 13 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Shirley MacLaine|Shirley MacLaine]] || 376 || [[:d:Q95026|Q95026]] |- | 322 || [[Clare Higgins]] || 12 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Clare Higgins|Clare Higgins]] || 375 || [[:d:...]] |- | 321 || [[Charles Peter Keep Edwards]] || 11 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Charles Edwards (actor)|Charles Edwards]] || 374 || [[:d:Q5077317|Q5077317]] |- | 320 || [[Michael Culkin]] || 10 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Michael Culkin|Michael Culkin]] || 373 || [[:d:...]] |- | 319 || [[Neil Bell]] || 9 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Neil Bell (actor)|Neil Bell]] || 372 || [[:d:...]] |- | 318 || [[Jonathan Coy]] || 8 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Jonathan Coy|Jonathan Coy]] || 371 || [[:d:...]] |- | 317 || [[Kevin McNally]] || 7 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Kevin McNally|Kevin R. McNally]] || 370 || [[:d:...]] |- | 316 || [[Cal MacAninch]] || 6 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Cal MacAninch|Cal MacAninch]] || 369 || [[:d:...]] |- | 315 || [[Iain Glen]] || 5 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Iain Glen|Iain Glen]] || 368 || [[:d:...]] |- | 314 || [[Maria Doyle Kennedy]] || 4 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Maria Doyle Kennedy|Maria Doyle Kennedy]] || 367 || [[:d:...]] |- | 313 || [[Paul Copley]] || 3 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Paul Copley|Paul Copley]] || 366 || [[:d:...]] |- | 312 || [[Michael Cochrane]] || 2 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Michael Cochrane|Michael Cochrane]] || 365 || [[:d:...]] |- | 311 || [[Clare Calbraith]] || 1 Maret 2026 || [[:en:Clare Calbraith|Clare Calbraith]], an English actress || 364 || [[:d:...]] |- | 310 || [[Zoe Boyle]] || 28 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Zoe Boyle|Zoe Boyle]] || 363 || [[:d:...]] |- | 309 || [[Samantha Bond]] || 27 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Samantha Bond|Samantha Bond]] || 362 || [[:d:...]] |- | 308 || [[Brendan Patricks]] || 26 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Brendan Patricks|Brendan Patricks]] || 361 || [[:d:...]] |- | 307 || [[Robert Bathurst]] || 25 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Robert Bathurst|Robert Bathurst]], a British actor || 360 || [[:d:...]] |- | 306 || [[Joely Richardson]] || 24 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Joely Richardson|Joely Richardson]], an English actress || 359 || [[:d:...]] |- | 305 || [[Alessandro Nivola]] || 23 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Alessandro Nivola|Alessandro Nivola]] || 358 || [[:d:...]] |- | 304 || [[Arty Froushan]] || 22 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Arty Froushan|Arty Froushan]] || 357 || [[:d:...]] |- | 303 || [[Simon Russell Beale]] || 21 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Simon Russell Beale|Simon Russell Beale]] || 356 || [[:d:...]] |- | 302 || [[Paul Giamatti]] || 20 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Paul Giamatti|Paul Giamatti]], an American actor || 355 || [[:d:...]] |- | 301 || [[Jonathan Zaccaï]] || 19 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Jonathan Zaccaï|Jonathan Zaccaï]] || 354 || [[:d:...]] |- |} === Pratélan artikel 201 - 300 === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Dina <br> (''Day'') !! Artikel<br>(''Article'') !! Tanggal<br>(''Date'') !! Ringkesan ing basa Inggris<br>(''Summary in English'') !! Nomer lan cacahé artikel<br>(''Number of articles'') !! Wikidata |- | 300 || [[Dominic West]] || 18 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Dominic West|Dominic West]], a British actor || 353 || [[:d:...]] |- | 299 || [[Laura Haddock]] || 17 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Laura Haddock|Laura Haddock]], a British actress || 352 || [[:d:...]] |- | 298 || [[Hugh Dancy]] || 16 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Hugh Dancy|Hugh Dancy]] || 351 || [[:d:...]] |- | 297 || [[Nathalie Baye]] || 15 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Nathalie Baye|Nathalie Baye]] ||350 || [[:d:...]] |- | 296 || [[Julian Ovenden]] || 14 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Julian Ovenden|Julian Ovenden]] || 349 || [[:d:...]] |- | 295.2 || [[Jemuwah tanggal 13]] || 13 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Friday the 13|Friday the 13]] || 348 || [[:d:...]] |- | 295.1 || [[Tom Cullen]] || 13 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Tom Cullen|Tom Cullen]] || 347 || [[:d:...]] |- | 294 || [[Cara Theobold]] || 12 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Cara Theobold|Cara Theobold]] || 346 || [[:d:...]] |- | 293 || [[David Robb]] || 11 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:David Robb|David Robb]] || 345 || [[:d:...]] |- | 292 || [[Ed Speleers]] || 10 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Ed Speleers|Ed Speleers]] || 344 || [[:d:...]] |- | 291.2 || [[Sandwich Bombay]] || 9 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Bombay sandwich|Bombay sandwich]] || 343 || [[:d:...]] |- | 290.1 || [[Dan Stevens]] || 9 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Dan Stevens|Dan Stevens]] || 342 || [[:d:...]] |- | 289.2 || [[Brad Arnold]] || 8 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Brad Arnold|Brad Arnold]], an American singer, song writer, and musician || 341 || [[:d:Q896746|Q896746]] |- | 289.1 || [[Matt Milne]] || 8 Fébruari 2026 || [[:en:Matt Milne|Matt Milne]], a British actor || 340 || [[:d:...]] |- | 288 || [[Amy Nuttall]] || 7 Fébruari 2026 || [[:en:Amy Nuttall|Amy Nuttall]], a British actress || 339 || [[:d:...]] |- | 287 || [[Siobhan Finneran]] || 6 Fébruari 2026 || [[:en:Siobhan Finneran|Siobhan Finneran]], a British actress || 338 || [[:d:...]] |- | 286.2 || [[Sara Bareilles]] || 5 Fébruari 2026 || [[:en:Sara Bareilles|Sara Bareilles]], an American singer || 337 || [[:d:...]] |- | 286.1 || [[Rose Leslie]] || 5 Fébruari 2026 || [[:en:Rose Leslie|Rose Leslie]], a British actress || 336 || [[:d:...]] |- | 285 || [[Jessica Brown Findlay]] || 4 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Jessica Brown Findlay|Jessica Brown Findlay]], a British actress || 335 || [[:d:...]] |- | 284 || [[Penelope Wilton]] || 3 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Penelope Wilton|Penelope Wilton]], a British actress || 334 || [[:d:...]] |- | 283 || [[Thomas Howes (aktor)]] || 2 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Thomas Howes (aktor)|Thomas Howes]], a British actor || 333 || [[:d:...]] |- | 282 || [[Maggie Smith]] || 1 Fèbruari 2026 || [[:en:Maggie Smith|Maggie Smith]], a British actress || 332 || [[:d:...]] |- | 281 || [[Imelda Staunton]] || 31 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Imelda Staunton|Imelda Staunton]], a British actress || 331 || [[:d:Q172653|Q172653]] |- | 280 || [[Tuppence Middleton]] || 30 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Tuppence Middleton|Tuppence Middleton]], a British actress || 330 || [[:d:Q2460289|Q2460289]] |- | 279 || [[Lesley Nicol (aktris)]] || 29 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Lesley Nicol (actress)|Lesley Nicol]], a British actress || 329 || [[:d:Q704443|Q704443]] |- | 278 || [[Sophie McShera]] || 28 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Sophie McShera|Sophie McShera]], a British actress || 328 || [[:d:Q3491002|Q3491002]] |- | 277 || [[Elizabeth McGovern]] || 27 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Elizabeth McGovern|Elizabeth McGovern]], an American actress || 327 || [[:d:Q233868|Q233868]] |- | 276 || [[Phyllis Logan]] || 26 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Phyllis Logan|Phyllis Logan]], a British actress || 326 || [[:d:Q117995|Q117995]] |- | 275 || [[Allen Leech]] || 25 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Allen Leech|Allen Leech]], an Irish actor || 325 || [[:d:...]] |- | 274 || [[Robert James-Collier]] || 24 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Robert James-Collier|Robert James-Collier]], a British actor || 324 || [[:d:...]] |- | 273 || [[Harry Hadden-Paton]] || 23 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Harry Hadden-Paton|Harry Hadden-Paton]], a British actor || 323 || [[:d:...]] |- | 272 || [[Matthew Goode]] || 22 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Matthew Goode|Matthew Goode]], a British actor || 322 || [[:d:...]] |- | 271 || [[Joanne Froggatt]] || 21 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Joanne Froggatt|Joanne Froggatt]], a British actress || 321 || [[:d:...]] |- | 270.2 || [[Sepur anjlog ing Adamuz 2026]] || 20 Januari 2026 || [[:en: 2026 Adamuz train derailments| 2026 Adamuz train derailments]] || 320 || [[:d:...]] |- | 270.1 || [[Kevin Doyle (aktor)|Kevin Doyle]] || 20 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Kevin Doyle (actor)|Kevin Doyle]] || 319 || [[:d:...]] |- | 269 || [[Michelle Dockery]] || 19 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Michelle Dockery|Michelle Dockery]], a British actress || 318 || [[:d:...]] |- |268|| [[Brendan Coyle]] ||18 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Brendan Coyle|Brendan Coyle]], a British actor || 317 || [[:d:...]] |- |267|| [[Raquel Cassidy]] ||17 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Raquel Cassidy|Raquel Cassidy]], a British actress || 316 || [[:d:...]] |- |266|| [[James Edward Carter]] ||16 Januari 2026 || [[:en:James Edward Carter|James Edward Carter]] || 315 || [[:d:...]] |- | 265 || [[Michael Colin Fox]] ||15 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Michael Fox (British actor)|Michael Fox]], a British actor || 314 || [[:d:...]] |- | 264 || [[Laura Carmichael]] || 14 Januari 2026 || [[:en: Laura Carmichael| Laura Carmichael]], a British actress || 313 || [[:d:...]] |- | 263.2 || [[Erich von Däniken]] || 13 Januari 2026 || [[:en: Erich von Däniken| Erich von Däniken]], one of The most well known author about ancient austronauts || 312 || [[:d:...]] |- | 263.1 || [[Hugh Bonneville]] || 13 Januari 2026 || [[:en: Hugh Bonneville| Hugh Bonneville]], a British actor || 311 || [[:d:...]] |- |262 || [[Kastil Highclere]] || 12 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Highclere castle|Highclere castle]], a castle in Hampshire, England, UK || 310 || [[:d:...]] |- |261|| [[Downton Abbey (film)]] ||11 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Downton Abbey (film)|Downton Abbey]], the movie || 309 || [[:d:Q55647759|Q55647759]] |- | 260.2|| [[Soeria Atmadja]] || 10 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Soeria Atmadja|Soeria Atmadja]], a Sundanese nobleman from the 19th and 20th century || 308 || [[:d:Q120203954|Q120203954]] |- | 260.1|| [[Downton Abbey]] || 10 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Downton Abbey|Downton Abbey]], a British historic drama serial || 307 || [[:d:Q83071|Q83071]] |- |259 || [[Kanal Inggris]] ||9 Januari 2026 || [[:en:English Channel|English Channel]] || 306 || [[:d:Q34640|Q34640]] |- | 258 || [[Selat Dover]] ||8 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Strait of Dover|Strait of Dover]] || 305 || [[:d:Q159898|Q159898]] |- | 257 || [[Salt Bae]] || 7 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Salt Bae|Salt Bae]], original name Nusret Gökçe, a Turkish influencer and steakhouse owner || 304 || [[:d:Q28778443|Q28778443]] |- | 256|| [[Young Woman and the Sea]] || 6 Januari 2026 || ''[[:en:Young Woman and the Sea|Young Woman and the Sea]]'', a movie starring Daisy Ridley as Gertrude Ederle || 303 || [[:d:Q111982520|Q111982520]] |- | 255 || [[Daisy Ridley]] || 5 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Daisy Ridley|Daisy Ridley]], an English actress || 302 || [[:d:Q16738674|Q16738674]] |- | 254 || [[Gertrude Ederle]] || 4 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Gertrude Ederle|Gertrude Ederle]], an American swimmer || 301 || [[:d:Q263287|Q263287]] |- | 253 || [["Weird Al" Yankovic]] || 3 Januari 2026 || [[:en:"Weird Al" Yankovic|"Weird Al" Yankovic]], an American singer, comedian, and actor || 300 || [[:d:Q8349|Q8349]] |- | 252.2 || [[Neel Sethi]] || 2 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Neel Sethi|Neel Sethi]], an Indian American actor || 299 || [[:d:Q19631217|Q19631217]] |- | 252.1 || [[Bob Denver]] || 2 Januari 2026 || [[:en:Bob Denver|Bob Denver]], an American actor || 298 || [[:d:Q747723|Q747723]] |- | 251 || [[Sepur anjlog ing Oaxaca 2025]] || 1 Januari 2026 || [[:en:2025 Oaxaca train derailment|2025 Oaxaca train derailment]], a train crash in Mexico || 297 || [[:d:Q137611217|Q137611217]] |- | || || 27-31 Dhésèmber 2025 || || || |- | 250 || [[Sivert Guttorm Bakken]] || 26 Dhésèmber 2025 || [[:en:Sivert Guttorm Bakken|Sivert Guttorm Bakken]], a Norwegian biathlete || 296 || [[:d:Q24262643]] |- | || || 22-25 Dhésèmber 2025 || || || |- | 249.3 || [[Odekoek]] || 21 Désèmber 2025 || [[:nl:Jodenkoek|Jodenkoek]] || 295 || [[:d:Q3125478|Q3125478]] |- | 249.2 || [[Team pursuit]] || 21 Désèmber 2025 || [[:en:Team Pursuit|Team Pursuit]] || 294 || [[:d:Q1820070|Q1820070]] |- | 249.1 || [[Laura Kenny]] || 21 Désèmber 2025 || [[:en:Laura Kenny|Laura Kenny]], a British cyclist || 293 || [[:d:Q272598]] |- | 248 || [[Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky]] || 20 Désèmber 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 292 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | || || 10 Mèi - 19 Dhésèmber 2025 || || || |- | || || - || || || |- | 247 || [[Paus Leo XIV]] || 9 Mèi 2025 || [[:en:Pope Leo XIV|Pope Leo XIV]] || 291 || [[:d:Q6109517]] |- | || || 18 April - 9 Mèi 2025 || || || |- | 246.6 || [[Shkodër]] || 17 April 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 290 || [[:d:...]] |- | 246.5 || [[Lezhë]] || 17 April 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 289 || [[:d:...]] |- | 246.4 || [[Kukës]] || 17 April 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 288 || [[:d:...]] |- | 246.3 || [[Gjirokastër]] || 17 April 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 287 || [[:d:...]] |- | 246.2 || [[Peshkopi]] || 17 April 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 286 || [[:d:...]] |- | 246.1 || [[Berat]] || 17 April 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 285 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || 14 - 16 April 2025 || || || |- | 245.3 || [[Elbasan]] || 13 April 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 284 || [[:d:...]] |- | 245.2 || [[Korçë]] || 13 April 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 283 || [[:d:...]] |- | 245.1 || [[Fier]] || 13 April 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 282 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || 12 April 2025 || || || |- | 244 || [[Vlorë]] || 11 April 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 281 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || 9 - 10 April 2025 || || || |- | 243 || [[Durrës]] || 8 April 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 280 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 242 || [[Sherly Tjoanda]] || 1 Maret 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 279 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 241.3 || [[Plabuhan Giurgiulești]] || 25 Fébruari 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 278 || [[:d:...]] |- | 241.2 || [[Hevearita Gunaryanti Rahayu]] || 25 Fébruari 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 277 || [[:d:...]] |- | 241.1 || [[Agustina Wilujeng Pramestuti]] || 25 Fébruari 2025|| [[:en:...]] || 276 || [[:d:...]] |- | 240 || [[Kapustakan Nasional Polen]] || 24 Fébruari 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 275 || [[:d:...]] |- | 239 || [[Diana Vicezar]] || 24 Fébruari 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 274 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 238 || [[Æthelflæd]] || 8 Fébruari 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 273 || [[:d:...]] |- | 237 || [[Bossche bol]] || 7 Fébruari 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 272 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 236 || [[Fatima Payman]] || 5 Fébruari 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 271 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 235 || [[Shannen Doherty]] || 3 Fébruari 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 270 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 234.2 || [[Sinagoge LGBT]] || 30 Januari 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 269 || [[:d:...]] |- | 234.1 || [[LGBT]] || 30 Januari 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 268 || [[:d:...]] |- | 233 || [[Jonna Adlerteg]] || 29 Januari 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 267 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 232 || [[The Lord of the Rings: The War of the Rohirrim]] || 1 Januari 2025 || [[:en:...]] || 266 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 231.2 || [[Java-eiland]] || 29 Dhésèmber 2024 || [[:en:...]] || 265 || [[:d:...]] |- | 231.1 || [[HMS Java (1811)]] || 29 Dhésèmber 2024 || [[:en:...]] || 264 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 230 || [[Para Satriya Bundheran Emas]] || 23 Novèmber 2024 || [[:en:...]] || 263 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 229 || [[Cokoran]] || 10 Novèmber 2024 || [[:en:...]] || 262 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 228 || [[Titik Pudjiastuti]] || 29 Oktober 2024 || [[:en:...]] || 261 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 227 || [[Rebecca Ferguson]] || 22 Oktober 2024 || [[:en:...]] || 260 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 226 || [[Benny Laos]] || 13 Oktober 2024 || [[:en:...]] || 259 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 225 || [[Claudia Sheinbaum]] || 7 Oktober 2024 || [[:en:...]] || 258 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 224 || [[MacGyver (sérial TV 1985)]] || 1 Oktober 2024 || [[:en:...]] || 257 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 223 || [[Richard Dean Anderson]] || 5 Sèptèmber 2024|| [[:en:...]] || 256 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | || || 1 Maret 2024-4 Sèptèmber 2024 || || || |- | || || - || || || |- | 222 || [[Brent Spiner]] || '''29 Fébruari 2024''' || [[:en:Brent Spiner|Brent Spiner]], an American actor, well known for playing Data on the Star Trek franchise || 255 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || 2 Sèptèmber 2023-28 Fébruari 2024 || || || |- | 221 || [[Jann Mardenborough]] || 1 Sèptèmber 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 254 || [[:d:...]] |- | 220 || [[Kristine Froseth]] || 31 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 253 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 219 || [[Hotel Moskva]] || 23 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 252 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 218 || [[Dōin]] || 19 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 251 || [[:d:...]] |- | 217 || [[Georgetown]] || 18 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 250 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 216 || [[Lukisan karyané Adolf Hitler]] || 16 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 249 || [[:d:...]] |- | 215 || [[Stone Mountain]] || 15 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 248 || [[:d:...]] |- | 214 || [[Atlanta]] || 14 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 247 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 213 || [[Kudzu]] || 12 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 246 || [[:d:...]] |- | 212.3 || [[Kucing Savannah]] || 11 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 245 || [[:d:...]] |- | 212.2 || [[Alcatraz]] || 11 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 244 || [[:d:...]] |- | 212.1 || [[Pulo Alcatraz]] || 11 Agustus 2023|| [[:en:...]] || 243 || [[:d:...]] |- | 211 || [[Creme Puff]] || 10 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 242 || [[:d:...]] |- | 210 || [[Ringo Starr]] || 9 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 241 || [[:d:...]] |- | 209 || [[Abbey Road, London]] || 8 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 240 || [[:d:...]] |- | 208|| [[Pakicetus]] || 7 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:Pakicetus|Pakicetus]], a prehistoric mammal from modern day Pakistan || 239 || [[:d:...]] |- | 207 || [[Perucetus]] || 6 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:Perucetus|Perucetus]] || 238 || [[:d:...]] |- | 206 || [[Tampere]] || 5 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:Tampere|Tampere]], a place in Finland || 237 || [[:d:...]] |- | 205 || [[Ving Rhames]] || 4 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:Ving Rhames|Ving Rhames]], an American actor || 236 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | 204 || [[Muséum Kagunan Turku]] || 2 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 235 || [[:d:...]] |- | 203 || [[Karin Månsdotter]] || 1 Agustus 2023 || [[:en:Karin Månsdotter|Karin Månsdotter]] || 234 || [[:d:...]] |- | 202 || [[Sagara Saaristomeri]] || 31 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 233 || [[:d:...]] |- | 201|| [[Kali Aura, Finlan]] || 30 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 232 || [[:d:...]] |- |} === Pratélan artikel 101 - 200 === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Dina <br> (''Day'') !! Artikel<br>(''Article'') !! Tanggal<br>(''Date'') !! Ringkesan ing basa Inggris<br>(''Summary in English'') !! Nomer lan cacahé artikel<br>(''Number of articles'') !! Wikidata |- | 200|| [[Kobongan Gedhé Turku]] || 29 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 231 || [[:d:...]] |- | 199 || [[Baita votif]] || 28 Juli 2023 || [[:en:Votive ship|Votive ship]] || 230 || [[:d:Q4405227|Q4405227]] |- | 198|| [[Katédral Turku]] || 27 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 229 || [[:d:...]] |- | 197|| [[Kastil Turku]] || 26 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 228 || [[:d:...]] |- | 196|| [[Turku]] || 25 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 227 || [[:d:...]] |- | 195 || [[Wes Anderson]] || 24 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 226 || [[:d:...]] |- | 194 || [[Asteroid City]] || 23 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 225 || [[:d:...]] |- | 193 || [[Katédral Aleksander Nevski, Tallinn]] || 22 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 224 || [[:d:...]] |- | 192 || [[Oppenheimer (filem)]] || 21 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 223 || [[:d:...]] |- | 191 || [[Birgitta Ohlsson]] || 20 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 222 || [[:d:...]] |- | 190 || [[Suomenlinna]] || 19 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 221 || [[:d:...]] |- | 189 || [[Balenciaga]] || 18 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 220 || [[:d:...]] |- | 188 || [[Katédral Uspenski]] || 17 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 219 || [[:d:...]] |- | 187 || [[Katédral Helsinki]] || 16 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 218 || [[:d:...]] |- | 186 || [[Seurasaari]] || 15 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 217 || [[:d:...]] |- | 185 || [[Kebon Raja Korkeasaari Helsinki]] || 14 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 216 || [[:d:...]] |- | 184 || [[Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg]] || 13 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 215 || [[:d:...]] |- | 183 || [[Stuart Scott]] || 12 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 214 || [[:d:...]] |- | 182 || [[Erin Heatherton]] || 11 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 213 || [[:d:...]] |- | 181 || [[Arne Duncan]] || 10 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 212 || [[:d:...]] |- | 180 || [[Michael B. Jordan]] || 9 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 211 || [[:d:...]] |- | 179 || [[Skylar Diggins-Smith]] || 8 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 210 || [[:d:...]] |- | 178 || [[Haley Cavinder]] || 7 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 209 || [[:d:...]] |- | 177.3 || [[Hanna_Cavinder]] || 6 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 208 || [[:d:...]] |- | 177.2 || [[Gréja Finja]] || 6 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 207 || [[:d:...]] |- | 177.1 || [[Ives Roqueta]] || 6 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 206 || [[:d:...]] |- | 176.2 || [[Hank Peters]] || 5 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 205 || [[:d:...]] |- | 176.1 || [[Natalino Pescarolo]] || 5 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 204 || [[:d:...]] |- | 175 || [[Jack Parr (basketball)]] || 4 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 203 || [[:d:...]] |- | 174 || [[Hasan Hazer Moshar]] || 2 Juli 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 202 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || 1 Juli 2023 || || || |- | 173 || [[Nutella]] || 30 Juni 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 201 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || 29 Juni 2023 || || || |- | 172 || [[OceanGate]] || 28 Juni 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 200 || [[:d:...]] |- | 171 || [[Stockton Rush]] || 27 Juni 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 199 || [[:d:...]] |- | 170 || [[Insidhèn prau silem Titan]] || 26 Juni 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 198 || [[:d:...]] |- | 169 || [[ Juan Isidro Moreno]] || 25 Juni . 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 197 || [[:d:...]] |- | 168 || [[Stu Miller]] || 24 Juni 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 196 || [[:d:...]] |- | 167 || [[Lidia Patty]] || 23 Juni 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 195 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || 5-22 Juni 2023 || || || |- | 166 || [[Amanda Lee (pilot)]] || 4 Juni 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 194 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || 10 Mèi-3 Juni 2023 || || || |- | 165 || [[Sara Gadalla Gubara]] || 9 Mèi 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 193 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || 1-8 Mèi 2023 || || || |- | 164 || [[Ding Liren]] || 30 April 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 192 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || 1 Fèbruari - 29 April 2023 || || || |- | 163 || [[Leah LaBelle]] || 31 Januari 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 191 || [[:d:...]] |- | 162 || [[Kampung Boy]] || 23 Januari 2023 || [[:en:...]] || 190 || [[:d:...]] |- | 161 || [[Rishi Sunak]] || 26 Oktober 2022 || [[:en:...]] || 189 || [[:d:...]] |- | 160 || [[Proklamasi Kamardikan Amérika Sarékat]] || 4 Oktober 2020 || [[:en:...]] || 188 || [[:d:...]] |- | 159 || [[Gréja Grötlingbo]] || 30 Sèptèmber 2020 || [[:en:...]] || 187 || [[:d:...]] |- | 158 || [[Gréja Grönby]] || 23 Sèptèmber 2020 || [[:en:...]] || 186 || [[:d:...]] |- | 157 || [[Gréja Gothem]] || 21 Sèptèmber 2020 || [[:en:...]] || 185 || [[:d:...]] |- | 156 || [[Gréja Gökhem]] || 15 Sèptèmber 2020 || [[:en:...]] || 184 || [[:d:...]] |- | 155 || [[Kerkop]] || 13 Sèptèmber 2020 || [[:en:...]] || 183 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || 2-12 Sèptèmber 2020 || || || |- | 154 || [[Tilik (filem)]] || 1 Sèptèmber 2020 || [[:en:...]] || 182 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || 16-31 Agustus 2020 || || || |- | 153 || [[Gréja Garde]] || 15 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:...]] || 181 || [[:d:...]] |- | 152 || [[Gréja Ganthem]] || 14 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:...]] || 180 || [[:d:...]] |- | 151 || [[Gréja Fulltofta]] || 12 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:...]] || 179 || [[:d:...]] |- | 150 || [[Gréja Fröjel]] || 11 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:...]] || 178 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || 6-10 Agustus 2020 || || || |- | 149 || [[Gréja Fjälkinge]] || 5 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:...]] || 177 || [[:d:...]] |- | 148 || [[Gréja Farstorp]] || 4 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:...]] || 176 || [[:d:...]] |- | 147 || [[Gréja Färlöv]] || 3 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Färlöv Church|Färlöv Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 175 || [[:d:...]] |- | 146.12 || [[Gréja Everlöv]] || 2 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Everlöv Church|Everlöv Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 174 || [[:d:...]] |- | 146.11 || [[Gréja Etelhem]] || 2 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Etelhem Church|Etelhem Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 173 || [[:d:...]] |- | 146.10 || [[Gréja Enåker]] || 2 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Enåker Church|Enåker Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 172 || [[:d:...]] |- | 146.9 || [[Gréja Ekeby]] || 2 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Ekeby Church|Ekeby Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 171 || [[:d:...]] |- | 146.8 || [[Gréja Eke]] || 2 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Eke Church|Eke Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 170 || [[:d:...]] |- | 146.7 || [[Gréja Dalhem]] || 2 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Dalhem Church|Dalhem Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 169 || [[:d:...]] |- | 146.6 || [[Gréja Danmark]] || 2 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Danmark Church|Danmark Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 168 || [[:d:...]] |- | 146.5 || [[Gréja Buttle]] || 2 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Buttle Church|Buttle Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 167 || [[:d:...]] |- | 146.4 || [[Gréja Bunge]] || 2 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Bunge Church|Bunge Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 166 || [[:d:...]] |- | 146.3 || [[Gréja Brunnby]] || 2 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Brunnby Church|Brunnby Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 165 || [[:d:...]] |- | 146.2 || [[Gréja Bromma]] || 2 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Bromma Church|Bromma Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 164 || [[:d:...]] |- | 146.1 || [[Gréja Bro, Gotland]] || 2 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Bro Church, Gotland|Bro Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 163 || [[:d:...]] |- | 145.2 || [[Gréja Bjäresjö]] || 1 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Bjäresjö Church|Bjäresjö Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 162 || [[:d:...]] |- | 145.1 || [[Gréja Bollerup]] || 1 Agustus 2020 || [[:en:Bollerup Church|Bollerup Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 161 || [[:d:...]] |- | 144 || [[Gréja Boge]] || 31 Juli 2020 || [[:en:Boge Church|Boge Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 160 || [[:d:...]] |- | 143 || [[Gréja Barlingbo]] || 30 Juli 2020 || [[:en:Barlingbo Church|Barlingbo Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 159 || [[:d:...]] |- | 142 || [[Gréja Bäl]] || 29 Juli 2020 || [[:en:Bäl Church|Bäl Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 158 || [[:d:...]] |- | || || 28 Juli 2020 || || || |- | 141 || [[Gréja Anga]] || 27 Juli 2020 || [[:en:Anga Church|Anga Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 157 || [[:d:...]] |- | 140 || [[Gréja Alva]] || 26 Juli 2020 || [[:en:Alva Church|Alva Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 156 || [[:d:...]] |- | 139 || [[Gréja Anderslöv]] || 25 Juli 2020 || [[:en:Anderslöv Church|Anderslöv Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 155 || [[:d:...]] |- | 138.2 || [[Gréja Almunge]] || 24 Juli 2020 || [[:en:Almunge Church|Almunge Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 154 || [[:d:...]] |- | 138.1 || [[Gréja Ala]] || 24 Juli 2020 || [[:en:Ala Church|Ala Church]], a medieval church in Sweden || 153 || [[:d:...]] |- | 137.2 || [[Pratélan lukisan témbok gréja ing Swèdhen]] || 23 Juli 2020 || [[:en:List of church murals in Sweden|List of church murals in Sweden]] || 152 || [[:d:...]] |- | 137.1 || [[Omah cilik dhéwé ing Amsterdam]] || 23 Juli 2020 || [[:nl:Kleinste huis in Amsterdam|Kleinste huis in Amsterdam]], the smallest house in Amsterdam || 151 || [[:d:...]] |- | 136 || [[Séri BR 344]] || 22 Juli 2020 || A serie 344 East German diesel shunting locomotive || 150 || [[:d:...]] |- | 135.4 || [[Setatsiyun Solok]] || 21 Juli 2020 || A (former) station in Solok, West Sumatra, Indonesia || 149 || [[:d:...]] |- | 135.3 || [[Setatsiyun Sala Kutha]] || 21 Juli 2020 || A station in Solo, Central Java, Indonesia || 148 || [[:d:...]] |- | 135.2 || [[Richard von Weizsäcker]] || 21 Juli 2020 || [[:en:Richard von Weizsäcker|Richard von Weizsäcker]], a former president of Germany || 147 || [[:d:...]] |- | 135.1 || [[Jens Juel (juru lukis)]] || 21 Juli 2020 || [[:en:Jens Juel (painter)|Jens Juel]], a Danish painter || 146 || [[:d:Q581361|Q581361]] |- | 134 || [[Musée d'Art et d'Histoire (Neuchâtel)]] || 20 Juli 2020 22.08 (UTC) || [[:en:Musée d'Art et d'Histoire (Neuchâtel)|Musée d'Art et d'Histoire]], a museum of art and history in Neuchâtel || 145 || |- | 133 || [[Témbok ula-ula]] || 19 Juli 2020 || [[:en:Crinkle crankle wall|Crinkle crankle wall]] || 144 || [[:d:...]] |- | 132.5 || [[Musée d'Art et d'Histoire (Jenéwa)]] || 18 Juli 2020 21.10 (UTC) || [[:en:Musée d'Art et d'Histoire (Geneva)|Musée d'Art et d'Histoire]] || 143 || [[:d:...|...]] |- | 132.4 || [[Wisata Agung]] || 18 Juli 2020 21.01 (UTC) || [[:en:Grand Tour|Grand Tour]] || 142 || [[:d:Q6682302|Q6682302]] |- | 132.3 || [[Kastil Zuylen]] || 18 Juli 2020 19.25 (UTC) || [[:nl:Slot Zuylen|Slot Zuylen]] || 141 || [[:d:Q2131198|Q2131198]] |- | 132.2 || [[ Colombier, Neuchâtel]] || 18 Juli 2020 || [[:en: Colombier, Neuchâtel| Colombier]], a village in Switzerland || 140 || |- | 132.1 || [[Niccolò Zingarelli]] || 18 Juli 2020 || [[:en:Niccolò Zingarelli|Niccolò Zingarelli]] || 139 || |- | || || 1 Juli - 17 Juli 2020 || || || |- | 131 || [[Isabelle de Charrière]] || 30 Juni 2020 || [[:en:Isabelle de Charrière|Isabelle de Charrière]] || 138 || |- | || || 23 Juni - 29 Juni 2020 || || || |- | 130 || [[Het Schielandhuis]] || 22 Juni 2020 || [[:nl:Het Schielandhuis|Het Schielandhuis]], a monumental building in Rotterdam || 137 || |- | || || 1 Juni - 21 Juni 2020 || || || |- | 129 || [[Lukisan témbok gréja ing Swèdhen]] || 31 Mei 2020 || [[:en:Church murals in Sweden|Church murals in Sweden]] || 136 || [[:d:Q21279202|Q21279202]] |- | || || - || || || |- | || || 1 Maret 2020 - 30 Mei 2020 || || || |- | || || - || || || |- | 128 || [[Minesweeper]] || '''29 Februari 2020''' || [[:en:Minesweeper (video game)|Minesweeper]], a famous computer or video game, bundle, which used to be bundled with Microsoft Windows || 135 || [[:d:Q126194|...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | || || 1 Juli 2019 - 28 Februari 2020 || || || |- | || || - || || || |- | 127 || [[Omah kuru]] || 30 Juni 2019 || [[:en:Skinny House|Skinny House]] || 134 || [[:d:...|...]] |- | || || - || || || |- | || || 2 Mei 2018 - 29 Juni 2019 || || || |- | || || - || || || |- | 126 || [[Mahamantri Azerbaijan]] || 1 Mei 2018 || [[:en:...|...]] || 133 || [[:d:...|...]] |- | || || 10 April - 30 April 2018 || || || |- | 125 || [[The Look of Silence]] || 9 April 2018 || [[:en:...|...]] || 132 || [[:d:...|...]] |- | 124 || [[The Act of Killing]] || 8 April 2018 || [[:en:...|...]] || 131 || [[:d:...|...]] |- | || || 5 April - 7 April 2018 || || || |- | 123 || [[Watchmen]] || 4 April 2018 || [[:en:...|...]] || 130 || [[:d:...|...]] |- | 122 || [[Quora]] || 3 April 2018 || [[:en:...|...]] || 129 || [[:d:...|...]] |- | 121 || [[Tetris]] || 2 April 2018 || [[:en:...|...]] || 128 || [[:d:...|...]] |- | 120 || [[Ahmet Ali Çelikten]] || 1 April 2018 || [[:en:...|...]] || 127 || [[:d:...|...]] |- | 119.2 || [[Solenodon]] || 30 Maret 2018 || [[:en:...|...]] || 126 || [[:d:...|...]] |- | 119.1 || [[Solenodon Kuba]] || 30 Maret 2018 || [[:en:...|...]] || 125 || [[:d:...|...]] |- | || || 14 Maret - 29 Maret 2018 || || || |- | 118 || [[Norah Schuster]] || 13 Maret 2018 || [[:en:...|...]] || 124 || [[:d:...|...]] |- | || || 10 Maret - 12 Maret 2018 || || || |- | 117 || [[Mary Magdalene (filem taun 2018)]] || 10 Maret 2018 || [[:en:...|...]] || 123 || [[:d:...|...]] |- | 116 || [[Rasim Ojagov]] || 4 Maret 2018 || [[:en:...|...]] || 122 || [[:d:...|...]] |- | 115 || [[Basa Ubykh]] || 3 Maret 2018 || [[:en:Ubykh language|Ubykh language]] || 121 || [[:d:Q36931|Q36931]] |- | 114 || [[Tevfik Esenç]] || 2 Maret 2018 || [[:en:Tevfik Esenç|Tevfik Esenç]], the last speaker of the Ubykh language || 120 || [[:d:Q469566|Q469566]] |- | 113 || [[Kushari]] || 1 Maret 2018 || [[:en:Kushari|Kushari]] || 119 || [[:d:Q1197104|Q1197104]] |- | 112 || [[Billy Graham]] || 28 Fèbruari 2018 || [[:en:Billy Graham|Billy Graham]] || 118 || [[:d:Q213550|Q213550]] |- | 111 || [[Lord Jim]] || 27 Fèbruari 2018 || ''[[:en:Lord Jim|Lord Jim]]'', a literary work || 117 || |- | 110 || [[Joseph Conrad]] || 26 Fèbruari 2018 || [[:en:Joseph Conrad|Joseph Conrad]] || 116 || |- | 109 || [[Sully (filem)|Sully]] || 25 Fèbruari 2018 || [[:en:|en:]] || 115 || |- | || || 24 Fèbruari 2018 || || || |- | 108 || [[Elchin Musaoglu]] || 23 Fèbruari 2018 || [[:en:Elchin Musaoglu|Elchin Musaoglu]] || 114 || |- | 107 || [[Farman Karimzade ]] || 22 Fèbruari 2018 || [[:en:Farman Karimzade|Farman Karimzade]] || 113 || |- | 106 || [[Rustam Ibragimbekov]] || 21 Fèbruari 2018 || [[:en:Rustam Ibragimbekov|Rustam Ibragimbekov]] || 112 || |- | 105 || [[Arif Babayev]] || 20 Fèbruari 2018 || [[:en:Arif Babayev|Arif Babayev]] || 111 || |- | 104 || [[Iran Aseman Airlines Pamaburan 3704]] || 19 Fèbruari 2018 || [[:en:Iran Aseman Airlines Flight 3704|Iran Aseman Airlines Flight 3704]] || 110 || [[:d:Q49098663|Q49098663]] |- | 103 || [[Pratélan sutradara Azerbaijan]] || 18 Fèbruari 2018 || [[:en:List of Azerbaijani film directors|List of Azerbaijani film directors]] || 109 || |- | 102 || [[Arsitèktur Azerbaijan]] || 17 Fèbruari 2018 || [[:en:Architecture of Azerbaijan|Architecture of Azerbaijan]] || 108 || |- | 101 || [[Ma'ruf Suroto]] || 16 Fèbruari 2018 23.47 (UTC) || A famous Indonesian border policeman || 107 || |- |} === Pratélan artikel 1-100 === {| class="wikitable" |- ! Dina <br> (''Day'') !! Artikel<br>(''Article'') !! Tanggal<br>(''Date'') !! Ringkesan ing basa Inggris<br>(''Summary in English'') !! Nomer lan cacahé artikel<br>(''Number of articles'') !! Wikidata |- | 100 || [[Pura Maospahit]] || 15 Fèbruari 2018 9.08 (UTC) || [[:en:Pura Maospahit|Pura Maospahit]], a Hindu temple in Bali || 106 || [[:d:Q48730124|Q48730124]] |- |99 || [[Antonov An-148]] || 14 Fèbruari 2018 10.28 (UTC) || [[:en:Antonov An-148|Antonov An-148]] || 105 || [[:d:Q607355|Q607355]] |- |98 || [[Saratov Airlines Pamaburan 703]] || 13 Fèbruari 2018 0.01 (UTC) || [[:en:Saratov Airlines Flight 703|Saratov Airlines Flight 703]] || 104 || [[:d:Q48425813|Q48425813]] |- |97 || [[Jason Rogel]] || 12 Fèbruari 2018 0.32 (UTC) || [[:en:Jason Rogel|Jason Rogel]], an American actor || 103 || [[:d:Q6163370|Q6163370]] |- |96 || ''[[Swamp Shark]]'' || 11 Fèbruari 2018 23.59 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Swamp Shark|Swamp Shark]]'', a film || 102 || [[:d:Q1587717|Q1587717]] |- |95 || [[Kristy Swanson]] || 10 Fèbruari 2018 || [[:en:Kristy Swanson|Kristy Swanson]], an American actress || 101 || [[:d:Q238394|Q238394]] |- |94 || [[Guadalcanal, Sevilla]] || 9 Fèbruari Januari 2018 || [[:en:Guadalcanal, Seville|Guadalcanal]] || 100 || [[:d:Q943977|Q943977]] |- |93 || ''[[The Birth of a Nation]]'' || 8 Fèbruari 2018 16.44 (UTC) || ''[[:en:The Birth of a Nation|The Birth of a Nation]]'', a 1915 American movie || 99|| [[:d:Q220394|Q220394]] |- |92 || [[Sumbilang]] || 7 Fèbruari 2018 23.37 (UTC) || [[:en:Eeltail catfish|Eeltail catfish]] || 98 || [[:d:Q642626|Q642626]] |- |91 || [[Olga Aleksandrovna Romanova]] || 6 Fèbruari 2018 0.14 (UTC) || [[:en:Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia|Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia]] || 97 || [[:d:Q163176|Q163176]] |- |90 || ''[[Sitta carolinensis]]'' || 5 Fèbruari 2018 23.52 (UTC) || [[:en:White-breasted nuthatch|White-breasted nuthatch]] || 96 || [[:d:Q379240|Q379240]] |- |89 || [[TDU-12/B Skydart]] || 4 Fèbruari 2018 || [[:en:TDU-12/B Skydart|TDU-12/B Skydart]] || 95 || [[:d:Q47657281|Q47657281]] |- |88 || [[Plunketts Creek (anak kali Loyalsock Creek)]] || 3 Fèbruari 2018 || || 94 || |- |87 || [[Mit Fried und Freud ich fahr dahin, BWV 125]] || 2 Fèbruari 2018 || || 93 || |- |86 || [[Sangkan paraning asu]] || 1 Fèbruari 2018 || || 92 || |- |85 || [[Downsizing]] || 31 Januari 2018 || || 91 || |- |84 || [[Matt Damon]] || 30 Januari 2018 || [[:en:Matt Damon|Matt Damon]] || 90 || |- |83 || [[Sèlèksi gawéan]] || 29 Januari 2018 || [[:en:Artificial breeding]] || 89 || [[:d:Q995745|Q995745]] |- | || || 28 Januari 2018 || || || |- |82 || [[Pamiyara]] || 27 Januari 2018 || [[:en:Animal husbandry|Animal husbandry]] || 88 || [[:d:Q80962|Q80962]] |- | || || 26 Januari 2018 || || || |- | || || 25 Januari 2018 || || || |- | || || 24 Januari 2018 || || || |- |81 || [[Neville Chamberlain]] || 23 Januari 2018 || [[:en:Neville Chamberlain|Neville Chamberlain]] || 87 || [[:d:Q10664|Q10664]] |- |80 || [[Lily James]] || 22 Januari 2018 || [[:en:Lily James|Lily James]] || 86 || [[:d:Q13217306|Q13217306]] |- |79 || [[Bayeux]] || 21 Januari 2018 || [[:en:Bayeux|Bayeux]] || 85 || [[:d:Q183910|Q183910]] |- |78 || [[Gary Oldman]] || 20 Januari 2018 23.34 (UTC) || [[:en:Gary Oldman|Gary Oldman]], a British actor || 84 || [[:d:Q83492|Q83492]] |- |77 || [[Dèwangga Bayeux]] || 19 Januari 2018 22.47 (UTC) || [[:en:Bayeux Tapestry|Bayeux Tapestry]] || 83 || [[:d:Q187483|Q187483]] |- |76 || [[Kasèt]] || 18 Januari 2018 || [[:en:Compact Cassette|Compact Cassette]] || 82 || [[:d:Q149757|Q149757]] |- |75 || [[Wong Mapuche]] || 17 Januari 2018 22.10 (UTC) || [[:en:Mapuche|The Mapuches]], an indigenous people in Southern America || 81 || [[:d:Q178484|Q178484]] |- |74 || [[Safaripark Beekse Bergen]] || 16 Januari 2018 0.00 (UTC)<ref>Nalika nggarap artikel iki isih tanggal 15 Januari 2018, nanging déné sambungan internèt ala, dadi suwé lan lagi kasimpen ing tabuh 0.00, tanggal 16 Januari 2018, dadi persis pas wates antara dina lawas lan anyar.</ref> || Beekse Bergen Safaripark in the Netherlands || 80 || [[:d:Q2183630|Q2183630]] |- | || || 15 Januari 2018 || || || |- | || || 14 Januari 2018 || || || |- |73 || [[Sea Life Scheveningen]] || 13 Januari 2018 0.37 (UTC) || Sea Life in Scheveningen, the Netherlands || 79 || [[:d:Q2199049|Q2199049]] |- |72 || [[Vlinderparadijs Papiliorama]] || 12 Januari 2018 0.28 (UTC) || A [[:en:butterfly house|butterfly house]] in the Netherlands || 78 || [[:d:Q2104064|Q2104064]] |- |71 || [[Vogelpark Avifauna]] || 11 Januari 2018 13.09 (UTC) || [[:en:Vogelpark Avifauna|Vogelpark Avifauna]], Avifauna Birdpark in the Netherlands || 77 || [[:d:Q840700|Q840700]] |- |70|| [[Thomas Bastiaan Pleyte]] || 10 Januari 2018 22.42 (UTC) || [[:en:Thomas Bastiaan Pleyte|Thomas Bastiaan Pleyte]], Dutch politician and a former Minister of Colonial Affairs|| 76 || [[:d:Q2408779|Q2408779]] |- |69|| [[Hercule Poirot]] || 9 Januari 2018 || [[:en:Hercule Poirot|Hercule Poirot]], a famous character made by the British author Agatha Christie || 75 || [[:d:Q170534|Q170534]] |- |68 || [[Ariadne Oliver]] || 8 Januari 2018 21.52 (UTC) || [[:en:Ariadne Oliver|Ariadne Oliver]], a character made by the British author Agatha Christie || 74 || [[:d:...|...]] |- |67 || [[Zoë Wanamaker]] || 7 Januari 2018 21.31 (UTC) || [[:en:Zoë Wanamaker|Zoë Wanamaker]], a British actress || 73 || [[:d:Q227142|Q227142]] |- |66 || [[David Suchet]] || 6 Januari 2018 18.00 (UTC) || [[:en:David Suchet|David Suchet]], a British actor || 72 || [[:d:Q211831|Q211831]] |- |65 || [[Hugh Fraser]] || 5 Januari 2018 23.31 (UTC) || [[:en:Hugh Fraser (actor)|Hugh Fraser]], a British actor || 71 || [[:d:...|...]] |- |64 || [[Pauline Moran]] || 4 Januari 2018 23.50 (UTC) || [[:en:Pauline Moran|Pauline Moran]], a British actress || 70 || [[:d:...|...]] |- |63 || [[Philip Jackson (aktor)|Philip Jackson]] || 3 Januari 2018 23.39 (UTC) || [[:en:Philip Jackson (actor)|Philip Jackson]], a British actor || 69 || [[:d:...|...]] |- |62 || [[Agatha Christie's Poirot ]] || 2 Januari 2018 23.44 (UTC) || [[:en:Agatha Christie's Poirot |Agatha Christie's Poirot ]] || 68 || [[:d:...|...]] |- |61 || [[Pulo Bouvet]] || 1 Januari 2018 20.05 (UTC) || [[:en:Bouvet Island|Bouvet Island]] || 67 || [[:d:Q23408|Q23408]] |- |60|| [[Douglas Booth]] || 31 Désèmber 2017 23.11 (UTC) || [[:en:Douglas Booth|Douglas Booth]], a British actor || 66 || [[:d:Q554412|Q554412]] |- |59 || [[Eleanor Tomlinson]] || 30 Désèmber 2017 23.37 (UTC) || [[:en:Eleanor Tomlinson|Eleanor Tomlinson]], a British actress || 65 || [[:d:Q1582005|Q1582005]] |- |58 || [[Chris O'Dowd]] || 29 Désèmber 2017 0.34 (UTC) || [[:en:Chris O'Dowd|Chris O'Dowd]], an Irish actor || 64 || [[:d:]] |- |57 || [[Koninklijke Burgers' Zoo]] || 28 Désèmber 2017 || [[:en:Royal Burgers' Zoo|Royal Burgers' Zoo]], a zoo in the Netherlands || 63 || [[:d:]] |- |56 || [[Loving Vincent]] || 27 Désèmber 2017 || [[:en:Loving Vincent|Loving Vincent]], an animation film || 62 || [[:d:Q23013713|Q23013713]] |- |55 || [[Patiné Vincent van Gogh]] || 26 Désèmber 2017 00.49 (UTC) || [[:en:Death of Vincent van Gogh|Death of Vincent van Gogh]] || 61 || [[:d:Q5247546|Q5247546]] |- |54 || [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] || 25 Désèmber 2017 11.33 (UTC) || [[:en:Muhammad Ali Jinnah|Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], leader of Pakistan || 60 || [[:d:]] |- |53 || [[Apenheul]] || 24 Désèmber 2017 23.37 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Apenheul|Apenheul]]'', a zoo in the Netherlands || 59 || [[:d:]] |- |52 || [[Diergaarde Blijdorp]] || 23 Désèmber 2017 23.58 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Diergaarde Blijdorp|Diergaarde Blijdorp]]'', , a zoo in the Netherlands|| 58 || [[:d:]] |- |51 || [[Ouwehands Dierenpark]] || 22 Désèmber 2017 23.38 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Ouwehands Dierenpark|Ouwehands Dierenpark]]'', , a zoo in the Netherlands || 57 || [[:d:]] |- |50 || [[Dolfinarium Harderwijk]] || 21 Désèmber 2017 22.33 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Dolfinarium Harderwijk|Dolfinarium Harderwijk]]'', , a zoo in the Netherlands || 56 || [[:d:]] |- |49 || [[Taman Indonesia]] || 20 Désèmber 2017 22.03 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Taman Indonesia|Taman Indonesia]]'', , a zoo in the Netherlands || 55 || [[:d:Q2102096|Q2102096]] |- |48 || [[Kampong Gelam]] || 19 Désèmber 2017 08.21 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Kampong Glam|Kampong Glam]]'', a neighbourhood in Singapore || 54 || [[:d:Q4251481|Q4251481]] |- |47 || [[Taman Warisan Melayu]] || 18 Désèmber 2017 17.07 (UTC) || [[:en:Malay Heritage Centre|Malay Heritage Centre]] in Singapore || 53 || [[:d:Q6741538|Q6741538]] |- |46 || [[Farinheira]] || 17 Désèmber 2017 18.42 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Farinheira|Farinheira]]'', a Portuguese sausage || 52 || [[:d:Q5435337|Q5435337]] |- |45.3 || [[Chorizo]] || 16 Désèmber 2017 14.23 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Chorizo|Chorizo]]'', a Spanish sausage || 51 || [[:d:Q23374|Q23374]] |- |45.2 || [[Museu Calouste Gulbenkian]] || 16 Désèmber 2017 09.01 (UTC) || [[:en:Calouste Gulbenkian Museum|Calouste Gulbenkian Museum]], a museum in Portugal || 50 || [[:d:Q211262|Q211262]] |- |45.1 || [[Alheira]] || 16 Désèmber 2017 08.47 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Alheira|Alheira]]'', a Portuguese sausage || 49 || [[:d:Q2563471|Q2563471]] |- |44 || [[Kubisme]] || 15 Désèmber 2017 20.52 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Cubism|Cubism]]'' || 48 || [[:d:Q42934|Q42934]] |- |43 || [[René Lalique]] || 14 Désèmber 2017 22.14 (UTC) || [[:en:René Lalique|René Lalique]], a French Art Deco artist || 47 || [[:d:Q451400|Q451400]] |- |42 || [[Art Deco]] || 13 Désèmber 2017 1.16 (UTC) || [[:en:Art Deco|Art Deco]] || 46 || [[:d:Q173782|Q173782]] |- |41.2 || [[Edwin Lutyens]] || 12 Désèmber 2017 1.23 (UTC) || [[:en:Edwin Lutyens|Edwin Lutyens]], the great British architect || 45 || [[:d:Q378157|Q378157]] |- |41.1 || [[Florin Court]] || 12 Désèmber 2017 0.45 (UTC) || [[:en:Florin Court|Florin Court]], a building in London || 44 || [[:d:Q5461830|Q5461830]] |- | || || 11 Désèmber 2017 || || || |- |40 || [[Johnny Hallyday]] || 10 Désèmber 2017 0.42 (UTC) || [[:en:Johnny Hallyday|Johnny Hallyday]], a French singer || 43 || [[:d:Q212015|Q212015]] |- |39 || [[Tove Lo]] || 9 Désèmber 2017 23.51 (UTC) || [[:en:Tove Lo|Tove Lo]], a Swedish singer || 42 || [[:d:Q15948790|Q15948790]] |- |38 || [[Grand Theft Auto V]] || 8 Désèmber 2017 23.55 (UTC) || [[:en:Grand Theft Auto V|Grand Theft Auto V]], a computer game || 41 || [[:d:Q17452|Q17452]] |- |37 || [[Wawancara telung langkah]] || 7 Désèmber 2017 04.24 (UTC) || Three steps interview || 40 || [[:d:Q1256862|Q1256862]] |- |36 || [[Knecht Ruprecht]] || 6 Désèmber 2017 20.26 (UTC) || [[:en:Knecht Ruprecht|Knecht Ruprecht]] || 39 || [[:d:Q1402637|Q1402637]] |- |35 || [[Oligocottus snyderi]] || 5 Désèmber 2017 23.57 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Fluffy sculpin|Fluffy sculpin]]'' || 38 || [[:d:Q2030033|Q2030033]] |- |34 || [[Mahjong]] || 4 Désèmber 2017 19.12 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Mahjong|Mahjong]]'' || 37 || [[:d:Q12263|Q12263]] |- |33 || [[Organ Weber]] || 3 Désèmber 2017 12.21 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Weberian ossicles|Weberian apparatus]]'' || 36 || [[:d:Q1650032|Q1650032]] |- |32 || [[Kelantan]] || 2 Désèmber 2017 23.07 (UTC) || [[:en:Kelantan|Kelantan]] || 35 || [[:d:Q185944|Q185944]] |- |31 || [[Čapljina]] || 1 Désèmber 2017 21.51 (UTC) || [[:en:Čapljina|Čapljina]] || 34 || [[:d:Q337683|Q337683]] |- |30 || [[Slobodan Praljak]] || 30 Novèmber 2017 05.19 (UTC) || [[:en:Slobodan Praljak|Slobodan Praljak]] || 33 || [[:d:Q1270169|Q1270169]] |- style="background: lightgreen; color: black" |29 || [[Bopomofo]] || 29 Novèmber 2017 08.31 (UTC) || [[:en:Bopomofo|Bopomofo]] || 32 || [[:d:Q198269|Q198269]] |- | || [[Pinyin]] || 28 Novèmber 2017 04.26 (UTC) || The Chinese Pinyin spelling, a redirect page. <br/>As it turned out there was already an article with a different name || - || |- style="background: lightgreen; color: black" |28 || [[Wong Amis]] || 27 Novèmber 2017 13.20 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Amis people|Amis people]]'', entry for <br/>(Wikipedia Asian Month 2017) || 31 || [[:d:Q205006|Q205006]] |- style="background: lightgreen; color: black" |27 || [[Wong Atayal]] || 26 Novèmber 2017 11.24 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Atayal people|Atayal people]]'', entry for <br/>(Wikipedia Asian Month 2017) || 30 || [[:d:Q701676|Q701676]] |- style="background: lightgreen; color: black" |26 || [[Vivian Hsu]] || 25 Novèmber 2017 11.32 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Vivian Hsu|Vivian Hsu]]'', entry for <br/>(Wikipedia Asian Month 2017)|| 29 || [[:d:Q253420|Q253420]] |- style="background: lightgreen; color: black" |25 || [[Wong Taiwan]] || 24 Novèmber 2017 23.06 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Taiwanese people|Taiwanese people]]'', entry for <br/>(Wikipedia Asian Month 2017)|| 28 || [[:d:Q707133|Q707133]] |- style="background: lightgreen; color: black" |24 || [[Wong Puyuma]] || 23 Novèmber 2017 16.25 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Puyuma people|Puyuma people]]'', entry for <br/>(Wikipedia Asian Month 2017)|| 27 || [[:d:Q706500|Q706500]] |- |23 || [[Alessandra Ambrosio]] || 22 Novèmber 2017 14.07 (UTC) || [[:en:Alessandra Ambrosio|Alessandra Ambrosio]] || 26 || [[:d:Q151859|Q151859]] |- |22 || [[Salvator Mundi (Leonardo)]] || 21 Novèmber 2017 13.39 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Salvator Mundi (Leonardo)|Salvator Mundi]]'' || 25|| [[:d:Q1892745|Q1892745]] |- |21 || [[Allegiant]] || 20 Novèmber 2017 || ''[[:en:Allegiant (novel)|Allegiant]]'' || 24|| [[:d:Q15238761|Q15238761]] |- |20 || [[Insurgent]] || 19 Novèmber 2017 09.14 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Insurgent (novel)|Insurgent]]'' || 23|| [[:d:Q5918512|Q5918512]] |- |19 || [[Divergent]] || 18 Novèmber 2017 23.28 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Divergent (novel)|Divergent]]'' || 22|| [[:d:Q627192|Q627192]] |- |18 || [[Sop buntut]] || 17 Novèmber 2017 || ''[[:en:Oxtail soup|Oxtail soup]]'' || 21|| [[:d:Q564557|Q564557]] |- |17 || [[Daging gajah]] || 16 Novèmber 2017 || ''[[:en:Elephant meat|Elephant meat]]'' || 20|| [[:d:Q17444380|Q17444380]] |- |16 || [[Varanus bitatawa]] || 15 Novèmber 2017 23.45 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Northern Sierra Madre forest monitor|Northern Sierra Madre forest monitor]]'' || 19 || [[:d:Q132394|Q132394]] |- |15 || [[Jaran nil cébol]] || 14 Novèmber 2017 || ''[[:en:Pygmy_hippopotamus|Pygmy_hippopotamus]]'' || 18 || [[:d:Q202241|Q202241]] |- |14 || [[Daging alas]] || 13 Novèmber 2017 23.28 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Bushmeat|Bushmeat]]'' || 17 || [[:d:Q649978|Q649978]] |- |13 || [[Gorila]] || 12 Novèmber 2017 19.11 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Gorilla|Gorilla]]'' || 16 || [[:d:Q36611|Q36611]] |- |12 || [[Township]] || 11 Novèmber 2017 05.39 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Township|Township]]'' || 15 || [[:d:Q19610511|Q19610511]] |- |11 || [[Bonobo]] || 10 Novèmber 2017 05.39 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Bonobo|Bonobo]]'' || 14 || [[:d:Q19537|Q19537]] |- |10 || [[Simpansé]] || 9 Novèmber 2017 06.21 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Chimpanzee|Chimpanzee]]'' || 13 || [[:d:Q80174|Q80174]] |- |9 || [[Déforestasi]] || 8 Novèmber 2017 22.39 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Deforestation|Deforestation]]'' || 12 || [[:d:Q169940|Q169940]] |- |8 || [[Museum Zoologi Bogor]] || 7 Novèmber 2017 12.01 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Zoological Museum of Bogor|Zoological Museum of Bogor]]'' || 11 || [[:d:Q25053433|Q25053433]] |- style="background: lightgreen; color: black" | 7.2 || [[A-mei]] || 6 Novèmber 2017 21.55 (UTC) || [[:en:|A-mei]], entry for <br/>(Wikipedia Asian Month 2017) || 10 || [[:d:Q713461|Q713461]] |- |7.1 || [[Uwa-uwa]] || 6 Novèmber 2017 21.38 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Gibbon|Gibbon]]'' ||9|| [[:d:Q185939|Q185939]] |- |6.3 || [[Holofèrnes]] || 5 Novèmber 2017 22.06 (UTC) || [[:en:Holofernes|Holofernes]] ||8|| [[:d:Q625748|Q625748]] |- |6.2 || [[Spectrum Holobyte]] || 5 Novèmber 2017 14.44 (UTC)|| [[:en:Spectrum Holobyte|Spectrum Holobyte]] ||7|| [[:d:Q1418015|Q1418015]] |- |6.1 || [[Holotipe]] || 5 Novèmber 2017 08.43 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Holotype|Holotype]]'' ||6|| [[:d:Q1061403|Q1061403]] |- |5 || [[Urangutan Tapanuli]] || 4 Novèmber 2017 10.16 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Tapanuli orangutan|Tapanuli orangutan]]'' || 5|| [[:d:Q42564025|Q42564025]] |- |4 || [[Dina Pati]] || 3 Novèmber 2017 23.01 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Day of the Dead|Day of the Dead]]'' || 4|| [[:d:Q309256|Q309256]] |- |3 || [[Iwak karper]] || 2 Novèmber 2017 14.29 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Carp|Carp]]'' || 3 || [[:d:Q2751223|Q2751223]] |- |2 || [[95 dalil]] || 1 Novèmber 2017 05.59 (UTC) || ''[[:en:Ninety-five Theses|Ninety-five Theses]]'' || 2 || [[:d:Q157506|Q157506]] |- |1 || [[Stanislav Yevgrafovich Petrov]] || 31 Oktober 2017 19.17 (UTC) || [[:en:Stanislav Petrov|Stanislav Petrov]] || 1 || [[:d:Q52412|Q52412]] |- |} == Cathetan sikil / footnotes == {{reflist}} eq51mmgpca7l5xy7jcxb1qadgo9x9ed Amateur Night (filem) 0 160386 1756316 1736831 2026-09-11T22:48:42Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756316 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox film|name=Amateur Night|image=File:Amateur_Night_(2016_film).jpg|caption=Theatrical release poster|director=Lisa Addario<BR>Joe Syracuse|producer=Jorge Garcia Castro<BR>Mary Pat Bentel<BR>Diego del Río Toca<BR>Shana Eddy-Grouf|writer=Lisa Addario<BR>Joe Syracuse|starring=[[Jason Biggs]]<br>[[Jenny Mollen]]<br>[[Janet Montgomery]]<br>[[Ashley Tisdale]]<br>Bria Murphy|music=The Newton Brothers|cinematography=Nicole Whitaker|editing=Greg O'Bryant|distributor=[[Cinedigm]]|released={{Film date|2016|8|5}}|runtime=89 minutes<ref>{{cite web|title=Amateur Night (2016)|url=http://www.fandango.com/amateurnight_192658/movieoverview|website=Fandango}}</ref>|country=United States|language=English|budget=|gross=|border=no}} '''''Amateur Night''''' nggih punika filem [[drama]] [[komedhi]] [[Amérikah Sarékat]] ingkang kadamel taun [[2016]]. Filem punika kaserat lan kaarahaken déning Lisa Addario lan Joe Syracuse.<ref name="thr">{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/jason-biggs-ashley-tisdale-starring-754518|title=Jason Biggs, Ashley Tisdale Starring in Indie Comedy 'Drive, She Said' (Exclusive)|website=Hollywood Reporter|publisher=|accessdate=5 December 2014}}</ref> Film ini dibintangi oleh [[Jason Biggs]], [[Jenny Mollen]], [[Janet Montgomery]], [[Ashley Tisdale]] dan Bria Murphy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/bria-murphy-25-things-you-didnt-know-about-me-2015231|title=Bria Murphy: 25 Things You Didn't Know About Me|website=US WEEKLY|publisher=|accessdate=23 January 2015}}</ref> ''Amateur Night'' dipun puter kaping pisan ing [[Los Angeles]] wonten surya 25 Juli 2016 lan kababar kagem sagung masyarakat Amérikah Sarékat surya 4 Agustus 2016.<ref name="thr" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aol.com/article/2016/07/26/eddie-murphys-daughters-outshine-him-at-amateur-night-premier/21439263/|title=Eddie Murphy's daughters outshine him at 'Amateur Night' premiere|website=AOL|access-date=2019-05-07|archive-date=2023-05-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230501191906/https://www.aol.com/article/2016/07/26/eddie-murphys-daughters-outshine-him-at-amateur-night-premier/21439263/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2014/12/05/casting-net-jason-biggs-ashley-tisdale-claim-lead-roles-in-drive-she-said|title=Casting Net: Jason Biggs, Ashley Tisdale claim lead roles in 'Drive, She Said'|website=Entertainment Weekly|publisher=}}</ref><ref name="LosAngeles">{{cite web|url=http://variety.com/2015/artisans/news/los-angeles-production-slides-3-1-in-first-quarter-1201472146/|title=Los Angeles Production Slides 3.1% in First Quarter|website=Variety|publisher=|accessdate=14 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/604215/bria-murphy-eddie-murphy-s-daughter-wears-nipple-pasties-in-new-movie-drive-she-said-see-the-nsfw-photo|title=Bria Murphy, Eddie Murphy's Daughter, Wears Nipple Pasties in New Movie Drive, She Said|website=E! Online|publisher=|accessdate=6 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://variety.com/2016/film/news/jason-biggs-jenny-mollen-comedy-amateur-night-cinedigm-1201683980/|title=Jason Biggs, Jenny Mollen Comedy ‘Amateur Night’ Sells to Cinedigm|website=Variety|accessdate=20 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.people.com/article/ashley-tisdale-amateur-night-trailer|title=People Exclusive: Ashley Tisdale Shows Off a Wilder Side with Jason Biggs in Racy Trailer for Amateur Night|website=People|last1=Warner|first1=Kara}}</ref> == Latar wuri == Film drama komedhi punika kapundhut saking cariyos aseli babagan setunggalipun arsitek ingkang mboten gadhah pedamelan, Guy Carter, ingkang tansah ajrih ngadhepi lairipun putra mbarepun. Kanthi kahanan ingkang awrat, mboten gadhah pedamelan, piyambakipun nyobi pados pedamelan supados saget mbayar babaran èstrinipun, Anne (Jenny Mollen). Dipun bombong déning sémahipun, Guy lajeng nglamar dados sopir ingkang sejatosipun mboten jumbuh kaliyan kekajenganipun. Saben dinten, nyopiri para tamu mider-mider ing kutha [[New York]]. Lajeng piyambakipun ngadhepi prakawis nalika wonten tiga wanita wanita tuna susila; Nikki (Janet Montgomery), Fallon (Ashley Tisdale) lan Jaxi (Bria Murphy) ingkang dados penumpang Guy, ing mriku, piyambakipun kedah ngeteraken tiga wanita punika dhumateng adicara jibar-jibur, pesta para bujang. Guy kedah ngoyak wekdal supado aget ngladosi para wanita saget dugi wonten papan panggenan uleman mboten telat. Gesang Guy dumadakan éwah wiwit dalu niku, piyambakipun kathah sinau saking tiga wanita babagan pagesangan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dvdsreleasedates.com/movies/8007/amateur-night|title=Amateur Night (2016)|website=DVD Release Dates|accessdate=4 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ramascreen.com/amateur-night-review/|title=AMATEUR NIGHT Review|website=RamaScreen|accessdate=13 August 2016|archive-date=20 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020122921/http://www.ramascreen.com/amateur-night-review/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://lrmonline.com/news/film-review-amateur-night|title=Film Review: AMATEUR NIGHT|website=LRM Online|accessdate=5 August 2016|archive-date=8 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808151550/http://lrmonline.com/news/film-review-amateur-night|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-mini-amateur-night-review-20160801-snap-story.html|title=Review: Humor pays the price in sex comedy 'Amateur Night'|website=LA Times|accessdate=4 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.villagevoice.com/film/jason-biggs-chauffeurs-sex-workers-in-the-raunchy-but-uninspired-amateur-night-8933225|title=Jason Biggs Chauffeurs Sex Workers in the Raunchy but Uninspired 'Amateur Night'|website=Village Voice|accessdate=3 August 2016|archive-date=15 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215112758/http://www.villagevoice.com/film/jason-biggs-chauffeurs-sex-workers-in-the-raunchy-but-uninspired-amateur-night-8933225|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/amateur-night-film-review-917579|title='Amateur Night': Film Review|website=Hollywood Reporter|accessdate=5 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slantmagazine.com/film/review/amateur-night|title=Amateur Night|website=Slant Magazine|accessdate=5 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://theplaylist.net/though-based-true-story-amateur-night-still-feels-like-just-another-raunchy-comedy-review-20160805/|title=Though Based On A True Story, ‘Amateur Night’ Still Feels Like Just Another Raunchy Comedy [Review]|website=The Playlist|accessdate=5 August 2016}}</ref> == Juru paraga == {{div col|2}} * [[Jason Biggs]] sebagai Guy Carter * [[Jenny Mollen]] sebagai Anne Carter * [[Janet Montgomery]] sebagai Nikki * [[Ashley Tisdale]] sebagai Fallon * Bria Murphy sebagai Jaxi * [[Adrian Voo]] sebagai Best Man Dan * [[Robert Hoffman (actor)|Robert Hoffman]] sebagai Devon * [[Cedric Yarbrough]] sebagai Zoley * [[Steven Weber (actor)|Steven Weber]] sebagai Dr. Kurtz * Eric Siegel sebagai Dr. Siegel * [[Rusty Joiner]] sebagai Cocky Dude * [[David Phillips (actor)|David J. Phillips]] sebagai The Bachelor {{div col end}} == Rujukan == {{Reflist|2}} == Pranala njawi == * {{IMDb title|id=4265508|title=Amateur Night}} * {{Amg movie|658820|Amateur Night}} * {{rotten-tomatoes|771442768}} * {{Metacritic film|amateur-night|Amateur Night}} [[Kategori:Film Amérikah Sarékat tahun 2016]] [[Kategori:Film komedhi]] btl1p4tp1zl0lefvboez9esjcv5gx77 Pranawéngrum Katamsi 0 162382 1756298 1609408 2026-09-11T13:29:22Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 1756298 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Pranawéngrum Katamsi''' inggih menika juru nembang seriosa ingkang misuwur taun 1950-1960an. Piyambakipun dipunsebat 'Ibu Seriosa Indonèsia'. Piyambakipun sampun seda ing dinten Senin, 4 September 2006 kepengker. Piyambakipun tilar donya amargi gerah gagal ginjel kaliyan komplikasi paru wonten griya sakit Angkatan Laut (RSAL) Mintohardjo.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://merahputih.com/post/read/sejarah-hari-ini-praweningrum-katamsi-ibu-seriosa-indonesia-meninggal-dunia|title=SEJARAH HARI INI: Pranawengrum Katamsi 'Ibu Seriosa Indonesia' Meninggal Dunia|last=Nugroho|first=Anugerah Yudi|date=2017-09-04|website=Merah Putih|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=2020-03-21}}</ref> == Kauripan == Pranawengrum Katamsi miyos 28 Maret 1943 wonten Yogyakarta. Piyambakipun miwiti padamelan dados juru nembang tembang Jawa. Putri saking bapak Surachmad Padmohardjo kaliyan ibu Oemi Salamah menika mlebet wonten ing Fakultas Sosial Politik [[Universitas Gadjah Mada]] saha aktip ing grup paduan swara mahasiswa. Pranawengrum dados juwara 1 minangka sesulih wonyen pamilihan Bintang Radio ing Tv taun 1964. Pranawengrum akrami kaliyan dr Amoroso Katamsi lajeng gadhah putra 3 inggih menika Ratna Arumsari, Doddy Keswara, Ratna Kusumaningrum.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Profil Maestro Indonesia|last=Wahjoe|first=Imam|publisher=Indra|year=2003|isbn=979-97907-1-9|location=Jakarta|pages=28-31}}</ref> == Rujukan == <references /> [[Kategori:Tokoh ing Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Komponis]] pn98ag6mfed80s5y2cclza1gmst8dzw Noraniza Idris 0 172374 1756356 1753096 2026-09-12T09:44:39Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 1756356 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox wong }} '''Nor Aniza binte Haji Idris''' utawi '''Noraniza Idris''' ({{lahirmati|[[Johor Bahru]], [[Johor]], [[Malaysia]]|27|08|1968}}) inggih punika salah satunggalipun [[penyanyi]] lan [[aktris]] [[Malaysia]]. ==Diskografi== *''Kaparinyo'' (1986) *''Nostalgia Malindo'' (1987) *''Mengemis Rindu'' (1987) *''Inginku Sandarkan Harapan'' (1988) *''Masihkah Dirimu Menyayangiku'' (1990) *''Noraniza Idris'' (1992) *''[[Ala Dondang]]'' (1997) *''[[Masyhur]]'' (1998) *''[[Bekaba]]'' (1999) *''[[Iktiraf]]'' (2000) *''[[Aura (album)|Aura]]'' (2002) *''Sawo' Matang'' (2004) *''Cintaku Satu'' (2010) == Pranala njaba == * {{Instagram|noraniza_idris}} {{penyanyi-stub}} {{pemeran-stub}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Idris, Noraniza}} [[Kategori:Penyanyi Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Aktris Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Panulis lagu]] [[Kategori:Panulis lirik]] [[Kategori:Komponis]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Melayu]] suzdkk65x284ejg9qwecx3qlfzwrirw Cublak-Cublak Suweng 0 173970 1756320 1746030 2026-09-12T03:50:22Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756320 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Barkas:ꦕꦸꦧ꧀ꦭꦏ꧀ꦕꦸꦧ꧀ꦭꦏ꧀ꦱꦸꦮꦼꦁ.oga|jmpl|Tembang Cublak-Cublak Suweng.]] '''Cublak-Cublak Suweng''' ([[Aksara Carakan|Carakan]]: ꦕꦸꦧ꧀ꦭꦏ꧀ꦕꦸꦧ꧀ꦭꦏ꧀ꦱꦸꦮꦼꦁ; [[Basa Indonésia|basa Indhonésia]]: ''Cublak-Cublak Suweng'') yaiku sawijining [[tembang dolanan]] sing prasaja. Lumrahe, cublak-cublak suweng ditembangaké déning [[bocah cilik|bocah-bocah]] mligine ing padésan sinambi dolanan bebarengan karo kanca-kancané. Lumantar tembang dolanan, bocah-bocah diwanuhake bab kawruh, kaya ta [[sato kéwan]], sato iwèn, thethukulan, [[tetuwuhan]], bebrayan, lingkungan [[alam]], lan sapanunggalané.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ki-demang.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=481&Itemid=1 |title=Ki Demang: Tembang dolanan wonten ing satengahing globalisasi |access-date=2010-02-08 |archive-date=2009-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090921162355/http://ki-demang.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=481&Itemid=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kadhang kala, [[tembang]] dolanan uga ditembangaké déning waranggana sajroning swasana tinamtu ing pagelaran [[wayang kulit]]. Cublak-cublak suweng minangka tuladha dolanan tradhisional bocah sing dilakokaké nganggo tembang pangirit. Jejere tembang pangirit ing dolanan iki padha karo jeneng dolanan kasebut, yaiku cublak-cublak suweng. Lumrahe, dolanan tradhisional cublak-cublak suweng dilakokake bocah cilik ing padesan ing [[Jawa]], yaiku [[Jawa Tengah]], [[Daérah Istiméwa Yogyakarta|Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta]] lan uga [[Jawa Wétan|Jawa Wetan]]. <ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=100 Permainan dan Perlombaan Rakyat|last=|first=Askalin|publisher=Nyo-nyo|year=2013|isbn=978-979-29-4003-9|location=Yogyakarta|pages=}}</ref> Dolanan iki diwiwiti kanthi ''hompimpa'' utawa gambreng kanggo nemtokake paraga sing bakal kalah kaping pisanan. Sawise iku, wong sing kalah bakal dadi Pak Empo, sing madhep ing tengah lan bocah liyane bakal lungguh ing sacedhake Pak Empo. Banjur sing ngubengi Pak Empo mbukak tlapakan tangane ngadhep munggah lan dilebokake ing gegere Pak Empo. Banjur ana salah sawijine bocah sing nyekel winih utawa kerikil lan pindhah saka sawit menyang dawane liyane sing diiringi tembang Cublak-Cublek Suweng. <ref name=":0"/> Cakepan tembang Cublak-Cublek Suweng yaiku:<poem> cublak-cublak suweng suwengé ting gelèntèr mambu ketundung gudhèl pak empo lirak-lirik sapa ngguyu ndelikaké sir, sir pong delé kopong sir, sir pong delé kopong </poem>Cakepan tembang ''sapa ngguyu ndelikake'' minangka pratandha yen wiji utawa kerikil kudu didhelikake kanthi cepet dening bocah sing nampani. Ing pungkasan tembang, kabeh bocah nyekel tangane, pura-pura ndhelikake krikil, kanthi tangane. Pak Empo tangi lan ngramal ing tangane wiji / kerikil didhelikake. Yen dugaane bener, bocah sing nyekel wiji / kerikil dadi Pak Empo. Yen salah, Pak Empo bali menyang posisi asline lan game diwiwiti maneh. <ref name=":0"/> == Tembang == Cublak cublak suweng <br>Suwengé ting gelèntèr <br>Mambu ketundhung gudèl <br>Pak empong léra-léré <br>Sapa ngguyu ndelikkaké <br>Sir, sir pong [[dhelé]] kopong <br>Sir, sir pong [[dhelé]] kopong <poem> wis olèh sakenthung galendhung sebaja-biji bekung (asem besa besi besung) pitik tulak katé wana bayem tulak raja (n)donya tangisana ndomblé kacangira lawé temu kéné dudu sanak dudu kadang yèn mati mèlu kelangan sir, sir pong [[Wudel|del]]é bodong sir, sir pong [[Wudel|del]]é bodong su bisu wis mulihké tak tanggapké wayang klithik jreng enong ejeng egung jreng enong ejeng egung </poem> ==Sujarah== Dolanan iki diarani cublak-cublak suweng amarga nalika dolanan sing dicublek-cublek iku [[suweng]]. Lumrahe, dolanan iki dianakaké wanci soré utawa wengi nalika padhang bulan, ing èmpèran sing jembar. Asale dolanan iki saka endi Provinsi [[Jawa Tengah]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hidayati|first=Anies Tri|last2=Cahyono|first2=Hadi|last3=Wulansari|first3=Betty Yulia|date=2025-06-15|title=Implementasi Permainan Tradisional Cublak-cublak Suweng dalam Menumbuhkan Rasa Cinta Tanah Air Pada Kelompok A KB Anak Sholeh Ngariboyo|url=https://e-journal.my.id/jsgp/article/view/5919|journal=Jurnal Studi Guru dan Pembelajaran|language=en|volume=8|issue=2|pages=711–722|doi=10.30605/jsgp.8.2.2025.5919|issn=2654-6477}}</ref>. Dolanan ini uwis ana wiwit panyebaran agama Islam ing tanah Jawa dening [[Walisongo|Walisanga]] mligine [[Sunan Giri]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Wulandari|first=Nuryuana Dwi|last2=Agung|first2=Rendi Marta|date=2024|title=Permainan “cublak cublak suweng” sebagai sarana Pengembangan Pendidikan Karakter Generasi Muda sebagai Upaya persiapan menuju Indonesia emas 2045|url=https://proceeding.unindra.ac.id/index.php/wiksa/article/view/7973|journal=WIKSA: Prosiding Pendidikan Sejarah Universitas Indraprasta PGRI|language=id|volume=1|issue=2|pages=396–408|issn=2987-338X}}{{Pranala mati|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>. == Mupangat == Tembang Cublak-Cublak Suweng duwe rong mupangat, yaiku sarana dolanan utawa panglipur lan sarana pendhidhikan. Tembang iki diarahake kanthi nilai pedadogis kanggo nanemake nilai becik, kayata gotong-royong, bebarengan, lan ngajeni budaya Jawa<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hidayati|first=Anies Tri|last2=Cahyono|first2=Hadi|last3=Wulansari|first3=Betty Yulia|date=2025-06-15|title=Implementasi Permainan Tradisional Cublak-cublak Suweng dalam Menumbuhkan Rasa Cinta Tanah Air Pada Kelompok A KB Anak Sholeh Ngariboyo|url=https://e-journal.my.id/jsgp/article/view/5919|journal=Jurnal Studi Guru dan Pembelajaran|language=en|volume=8|issue=2|pages=711–722|doi=10.30605/jsgp.8.2.2025.5919|issn=2654-6477}}</ref>. Tembang iki menehi pitutur luhur minangka manungsa ing sajroning urip aja mung seneng bungahe donya nanging kudu eling karo urip sabanjure ora ana saengga ora kelangane arah urip. ==Carané dolanan== Dolanan iki bisa dilakokake déning bocah 5 utawa 7, racaké bocah umur 6-14 taun. Dolanan iki bisa katindakake déning bocah lanang utawa wadon. Sing diperlokake ing dolanan cublak-cublak suweng ya iku [[suweng]], nanging yèn ora ana [[suweng]] bisa diganti nganggo [[krikil]]. Saliyané suweng utawa krikil, dolanan iki uga diiringi [[tembang dolanan]]. Saumpama kang dolanan cacahé 7( A, B, C, D, E, F, lan G). Bocah 7 iku banjur [[sut]], sapa kang kalah, dadi. Umpama kang dadi G. Banjur G lungguh mengkurep ing lemah lan diubengi bocah 6 liyané ( A, B, C, D, E, lan F). Salah siji saka bocah 6 kui didadèkaké '''embok'''. Banjur kabèh tangané bocah 6 mau disèlèhaké ing gegeré G, tangané nganthong(telapaké ing dhuwur). Banjur padha nyanyèkaké tembang cublak-cublak suweng, sinambi embok ngubengaké suweng ing tangané bocah 6 mau. Nalika tembang tekan '''pak empong lera-lere''', kabèh tangan nggegem. Banjur nalika tekan '''sir sir pong dhele kopong''', kabèh tangan dijunjung saka gegere G lan driji duding loro karone nduding banjur diobahake kaya ngirisi gula jawa. Bareng karo iku G tangi saka lungguhe. Nalika tekan '''sir pong dhele kopong''' kang kapindho G dikon milih sapa kang nggawa suweng utawa krikil mau. Yèn pilihane G '''salah''', G kudu '''dadi '''manèh, nanging yèn '''bener''', sapa kang dipilih mau kudu '''dadi'''. Ngono sabanjuré. == Uga delengen == * [[Dolanan]] * [[Tembang dolanan]] == Rujukan == {{reflist|1}} [[Kategori:Swarajati Project]] [[Kategori:Tembang]] [[Kategori:Tembang Dolanan]] qvenph90vu0d9sci6t7961q2gp8j1rt SyahJacker 0 192611 1756300 1691538 2026-09-11T13:30:31Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 1756300 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox wong}} [[Barkas:Syahjacker_Tampil_Di_Hmo_Recharge.jpg|pra=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Syahjacker_Tampil_Di_Hmo_Recharge.jpg/220px-Syahjacker_Tampil_Di_Hmo_Recharge.jpg|al=Syahjacker Tampil Di Hmo Recharge|jmpl]]   [[Kategori:Türkçe Vikipedi ve Vikiveride resmi olmayan maddeler]] == Periode awal == '''Imam Syaputra''' (lahir 19 Mei 1995) utawa dikenal minangka '''SyahJacker''' yaiku rapper Malaysia. Katurunan Kampar Riau Indonesia ingkang hijrah dhateng Malaysia, tiyang sepuhipun Syahjacker, boten gumun menawi nama SyahJacker punika langkung misuwur wonten ing Indonesia, malah Riau <ref> Rabu, 10 Mei 2017 19:46 Artikel ini telah tayang di TribunPekanbaru.com Penulis: Hendri Gusmulyadi | Editor: https://pekanbaru.tribunnews.com/2017/05/10/20-musisi-rap-akan-tampil-dalam-sumatera-rap-show-pekan-ini. Penulis: Hendri Gusmulyadi | Editor: </ref> . = Karir = "Syahjacker" nampilake lagu tema Hari Malaysia "Malaysia Negaraku" karo sawetara artis Malaysia anyar <ref>Jumaat, 23 September 2022, 9:05pm Georgie Joseph georgie@hmetro.com.my https://www.hmetro.com.my/rap/2021/09/756207/lagu-patriotik-gabungan-bakat-muda</ref> <ref>by Budiey Thursday, 16 September, 2021, 9:38 pm https://www.budiey.com/mojo-projects-monsta-village-entertainment-lancar-lagu-malaysia-negaraku/</ref> <ref>Malaysia Negaraku Music Video 2021 https://www.imdb.com/title/tt17221194/?ref_=nm_knf_i1</ref> = Album = * TWO WAJAH - 2020 * Terapi Pikiran - 2022 = tunggal = * 2009 Gaya Mandhiri * Rong atus 2020 * We are Ampang Slaves 2021 * Nobody's Who 2021 * Puisi Raja Melayu 2021 * Rakyat Marhaen 2022 * dina pengadilan 2022 * Malaysia Negaraku 2021 == filmografi == === VIDEO MUSIK === {| class="wikitable" !taun ! judhul ! peran |- | 2022 | ''[[ [[imdbname:13321153|Negaraku Malaysia]] ]]'' | Aktor lan Rapper |} == Referensi == <references group="" responsive="1"></references> [[Kategori:Artikel mawa hCards]] [[Kategori:Penyanyi Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Komponis]] [[Kategori:Kuala Lumpur]] dnp1bln4aot1640qd6oa6x6bm5m0joz Abdul Rahman Al Rubaie 0 194963 1756313 1642349 2026-09-11T21:51:51Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756313 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Abdul Rahman Muhammad Ali Al Rubaie''' ( born [[27]] [[Mayor|May]] [[1994]]) A Saudi football coach who holds a master's degree in sports training from Cambridge University. He has trained many clubs, most notably Al Qadisiyah Saudi Arabia and Al-Sahel Saudi And the owner of the Academy in the discovery of talent.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elbalad.news/5746809|title=تغريدة الربيعي عن النني تثير الجدل.. هل يتجه اللاعب للتدريب الموسم القادم؟|website=elbalad}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://addiyar.com/article/2099985-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AE%D9%8A-%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A|title=عبدالرحمن الربيعي: البرتغالي خورخي خيسوس الأقرب لتدريب المنتخب السعودي|date=2023-06-12|website=Addiyar|access-date=2023-09-25}}</ref> {{Infobox person|image=File:Rubaie.jpg|name=<!-- Abdul Rahman Al Rubaie -->|caption=Picture of Abdul Rahman Al Rubaie|birth_place=[[Dammam]], [[Saudi Arabia]]|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1994|05|27|df=y}}<ref name="birth">{{Cite web|url=https://www.elbalad.news/5746809|title=Abdul Rahman Al Rubaie}}</ref>|nationality=[[Saudi]]|known for=A Saudi football coach|education=|occupation=[[Football Coach]]}} == '''Career''' == Since he was young, Abdul Rahman Al Rubaie dreamed of being a coach for one of the clubs, and in fact he became a football coach in Saudi Arabia. The most prominent of these clubs are Al Qadisiyah Club and Al Hilal Club.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://akhbarelyom.com/news/newdetails/4104896/1/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%89-%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%80%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89|title=عبدالرحمن الربيعي: يسعى نادي الاتحـاد إلى التعاقد مع أفـضل لاعـب في 2023|website=akhbarelyom}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gee-eg.com/166896|title=المدرب عبد الرحمن الربيعي يعلق على مبارة ريال مدريد ومانشستر سيتي|last=elgomhoriaelyoum|date=2023-05-10|website=الجمهورية توداي|language=ar|access-date=2023-09-25}}</ref> == '''Clubs''' == # Al Qadisiyah Club<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.alwatanvoice.com/arabic/news/2023/06/03/1523902.html|title=المدرب عبد الرحمن الربيعي: السعودية تسعى لجذب نجوم كرة القدم العالميين|date=2023-06-03|website=دنيا الوطن|language=ar|access-date=2023-09-25}}{{Pranala mati|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ngmisr.com/sports/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A-%D8%AD%D8%B8%D9%88%D8%B8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%84%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1|title=الربيعي: حظوظ الأهلي مرتفعة للفوز بدوري أبطال أفريقيا 2023|website=ngmisr}}</ref> # Al Hilal Club<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elmogaz.com/750887|title=عبدالرحمن الربيعي يكشف شروط ومعايير اختيار مدرب السعودية الجديد {{!}} كورة وملاعب {{!}} الموجز|last=الموجز|date=2023-06-02|website=www.elmogaz.com|language=ar|access-date=2023-09-25}}</ref> == '''References''' == 3mmh5tw6no9t5vvu8ln3m3devbzu59l P. Ramlee 0 195483 1756354 1737223 2026-09-12T09:41:30Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 1756354 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox wong}} '''P. Ramlee''' ({{lahirmati|[[Penang]]|22|3|1929|[[Kuala Lumpur]]|29|5|1973}}) iku panggonané saka [[Malaysia]], dhéwéké duwé karir ing dunia film lan musik sing cetha. Dhéwéké lair ing Penang ing tanggal 22 Maret 1929. P. Ramlee wiwit kariré minangka seorang panggonan film lan penyanyi ing taun 1940-an lan cepet ndadek panggonan sing jumeneng ing industri film Malaysia. Dhéwéké dikenal kanggo melodramane, kaya "Ibu Mertua-ku" lan "[[Madu Tiga]]", sabanjure lagu-lagué, kaya "Di Mana Kan Ku Cari Ganti" lan "Getaran Jiwa". P. Ramlee minangka panggonan serbaguna sing apik dadi panggonan lan sutradara. Dhéwéké ngrampungake lan main ing langkung saka 60 film, lan karyané biasané nggawe piranti-piranti sosial lan kemanusiaan. P. Ramlee dadi salah siji figur sing paling penting ing sejarah film Malaysia amarga pengaruh lan kontribusiné kanggo budaya film lan musik ing negara iki.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-01-26 |title=P. Ramlee: from Malay to Malaysian|url=https://www.monash.edu.my/sass/news/sass-expert-series/p-ramlee-from-malay-to-malaysian |access-date= |website=Monash University Malaysia|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=P Ramlee: Malaysia’s Film and Music Virtuoso and Legend|url=https://www.myhometown.com.my/p-ramlee-malaysias-film-and-music-virtuoso-and-legend/|access-date= |website=myhometown.com.my|language=en}}</ref> P. Ramlee wafat ing 29 Mei 1973 akibat serangan sakit ing Kuala Lumpur.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1973-05-29 |title=P. Ramlee dies in Kuala Lumpur |url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/newnation19730529-1.2.8 |access-date= |website=New Nation|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1973-05-30 |title=Malay movie idol Ramlee dies after heart attack |url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/straitstimes19730530-1.2.108 |access-date= |website=The Straits Times |language=en}}</ref> ==Filmografi== # Abu Hassan Penchuri (1955) # Ahmad Albab (1968) # Ali Baba Bujang Lapok (1961) # Aloha (1950) # Anak Bapak (1968) # Anak-ku Sazali (1956) # Anjoran Nasib (1952) # Antara Dua Darjat (1960) # Antara Senyum Dan Tangis (1952) # Bakti (1950) # Bujang Lapok (1957) # Bukan Salah Ibu Mengandung' (1969) # Chinta (1948) # Dajal Suchi (1965) # Di Belakang Tabir (1969) # Do Re Mi (1966) # Doktor Rushdi (1970) # Enam Jahanam (1969) # Gelora (1970) # Gerimis (1968) # Hang Tuah (1956) # Hujan Panas (1953) # Ibu / Mother (1953) # Ibu Mertua Ku (1962) # Jangan Tinggal Daku (1971) # Juwita (1951) # Kanchan Tirana (1969) # Keluarga 69 (1967) # Labu Dan Labi (1962) # Laksamana Do Re Mi (1972) # Love Parade (1963) # [[Madu Tiga]] (1964) # Masam Masam Manis (1965) # Melanchong Ke Tokyo (1964) # Merana (1954) # Miskin (1952) # Musang Berjanggut (1959) # Nasib (1949) # Nasib Do Re Mi (1966) # Nasib Si Labu Labi (1963) # Nilam (1949) # Noor Asmara (1949) # Nujum Pak Belalang (1959) # Pancha Delima (1957) # Panggilan Pulau (1954) # Patah Hati (1952) # Penarek Becha (1955) # Pendekar Bujang Lapok (1959) # Penghidupan (1951) # Perjodohan (1954) # Putus Harapan (1953) # Putus Sudah Kaseh Sayang (1971) # Rachun Dunia (1950) # Ragam P Ramlee & Damaq (1964) # Sabarudin Tukang Kasut (1966) # Se Merah Padi (1956) # Sedarah (1952) # Sejoli (1951) # Seniman Bujang Lapok (1961) # Sergeant Hassan (1958) # Sesudah Suboh (1967) # Siapa Salah (1953) # Sitora Harimau Jadian (1964) # Sumpah Orang Minyak (1958) # Takdir Illahi (1950) # Tiga Abdul (1964) == Cathetan suku == {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Tokoh Melayu]] [[Kategori:Penyanyi Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Aktor Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Panulis lagu]] [[Kategori:Komponis]] 8dc88hdxvffs5gks9922tfmfb6ilcdh Julio Alonso Ortega 0 198413 1756358 1736247 2026-09-12T11:53:50Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756358 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox | title = {{#ifeq:{{{child|{{{embed|}}}}}}|yes|{{#ifeq:{{{embed_header_large|}}}|yes|<div style="text-align: center; font-size: 125%; line-height: 1.2em; font-weight: bold;">{{#if:{{{embed-header|}}}|{{{embed-header}}}|Sports career}}</div>|{{#if:{{{embed-header|}}}|'''{{{embed-header}}}'''|'''Sự nghiệp thể thao'''}}}}|{{#if:{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;">{{{honorific prefix|{{{honorific_prefix|{{{honorific-prefix|{{{pre-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}}<div class="fn">{{#if:{{{name|}}}|{{{name}}}|{{PAGENAMEBASE}}}}</div>{{#if:{{{honorific suffix|{{{honorific_suffix|{{{honorific-suffix|{{{post-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}|<div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal; display:inline;">{{{honorific suffix|{{{honorific_suffix|{{{honorific-suffix|{{{post-nominals|}}}}}}}}}}}}</div>}}}} | titlestyle = font-size:125%; | image = [[File:Julio Alonso Ortega, 2025.jpg|250px]] | caption = Julio Alonso ing 2025 | label2 = Jeneng lair | data2 = Julio Alonso Ortega | label9 = Lair | data9 = {{birth_date|2000|12|23}}, Las Palmas, Gran Canaria | label15 = ''[[Alma mater]]'' | data15 = Universitas Lancaster | label17 = Pakaryan | data17 = Pelayar | label21 = Dhuwur | data21 = 188cm | label22 = Bobot | data22 = 75kg | label34 = Nagara | data34 = [[Spanyol]] | label35 = Sporet | data35 = Prau Layar (Dinghy) | label46 = Klub | data46 = Royal Gran Canaria Yacht Club | label49 = Pasangan | data49 = María Bover | label50 = Mantan pasangan | data50 = Luis Doreste | label51 = Pelatih | data51 = {{hlist|Aarón Sarmiento|Luis Doreste}} }} '''Julio Alonso Ortega''' (lair 23 Desember 2000 ing Las Palmas, Gran Canaria) yaiku pelayar saka Spanyol lan juwara donya kanthi spesialisasi ing kelas prau layar kanggo wong loro.<ref name=lp>{{cite news |url=https://www.laprovincia.es/deportes/2018/10/31/julio-alonso-equipo-espanol-catamaranes-9431337.html |title=Julio Alonso, con el equipo español de catamaranes |date=30 Oktober 2018 |access-date=18 November 2024 |newspaper=La Provincia |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ultimahora.es/deportes/otros-deportes/2019/04/09/1071479/maria-bover-apunta-paris-2024-470-mixto.html |title=María Bover apunta a París 2024 con el 470 Mixto |first=Fernando |last=Fernández |date=9 April 2019 |access-date=18 November 2024 |newspaper=Última hora |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://ib3.org/bover-i-alonso-estrenen-la-nova-classe-olimpica-de-vela |title=Bover i Alonso estrenen la nova classe olímpica de vela |date=2 April 2019 |access-date=18 November 2024 |work=IB3 Notícies}}</ref> Dhèwèké wis nglayar ing meh sakabehing karier olahragane kanggo Royal Gran Canaria Yacht Club, ing ngendi dhèwèké dilatih ing sangisoré bimbingan pelatih Aarón Sarmiento, lan panampa loro medhali emas Olimpiade, Luis Doreste.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.laprovincia.es/deportes/2015/10/28/nautico-presente-favoritos-copa-espana-10045258.html |title=El Náutico, presente entre los favoritos de la Copa de España 420 |date=28 Oktober 2015 |access-date=18 November 2024 |newspaper=La Provincia |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=http://federacioncanariadevela.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/MEMORIA-DEPORTIVA-2017-definitiva3-1.pdf |title=Memoria Deportiva 2016 |work=Federación Canaria de Vela |language=es |year=2016 |access-date=18 November 2024}}</ref> ==Pendidikan== Kajaba saka karier nglayare, Alonso nerusake [[pendhidhikan dhuwur]] ana ing Inggris.<ref name=lg>{{cite news |url=https://www.lancasterguardian.co.uk/news/sailing-julio-alonso-ortega-to-take-part-in-the-red-bull-foiling-generation-world-final-222983 |title=Sailing: Julio Alonso Ortega to take part in the Red Bull Foiling Generation World Final |date=8 November 2018 |access-date=19 November 2024 |newspaper=Lancaster Guardian}}</ref><ref name=l>{{cite news |url=https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/lums/news/lums-student-selected-for-red-bull-world-final |title=LUMS student selected for Red Bull World Final |date=30 Oktober 2018 |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=Lancaster University Management School}}</ref> Dhèwèké lulus kanthi gelar Sarjana Sains ing bidang Manajemen Bisnis lan nampa predikat First-Class Honours saka Universitas Lancaster. Dhèwèké banjur ngrampungaké gelar Magister ing bidang Ekonomi Politik Pasar Berkembang ana ing [[King's College London]],<ref>{{cite news |url=https://qbs.ly/insights/trumps-win-and-rate-cuts/ |title=Trump’s Win and Rate Cuts: What’s Next for the Global Economy? |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=Qabas}}</ref> sarta gelar Magister kapindho ing bidang Bisnis Internasional saka Universidad del Atlántico Medio, sing didhukung déning beasiswa saka PROEXCA.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://proexca.es/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/15-Orden-n%C2%BA-22_2023-de-aceptaci%C3%B3n-Renuncia-y-Concesi%C3%B3n-Beca-F-Pr%C3%A1ctica-BNI-2022-23.pdf |title=ORDEN POR LA QUE SE ACEPTA LA RENUNCIA DE UNA BECA CONCEDIDA MEDIANTE ORDEN Nº 3/2023, DE 16 DE ENERO, Y SE CONCEDE UNA BECA Y ASIGNACIÓN DE DESTINO A LA CANDIDATURA DE LA LISTA DE RESERVA DESTINADA A LA REALIZACIÓN EN EL EJERCICIO 2023 DE LA FORMACIÓN PRÁCTICA INCLUIDA EN EL PROGRAMA DE BECAS EN NEGOCIOS INTERNACIONALES PARA EL PERÍODO 2022–2023, COFINANCIADAS POR EL FONDO SOCIAL EUROPEO |first=Elena |last=Máñez Rodríguez |year=2023 |issue=22 |access-date=18 November 2024 |work=Proexca}}</ref> ==Karier Nglayar== Alonso wiwit sinau nglayar nalika umuré sepuluh taun ing kelas Optimist ing Mogán, banjur gabung karo Royal Gran Canaria Yacht Club, ing ngendi dhèwèké sakteruse melu kompetisi.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.canarias7.es/hemeroteca/el_nautico_de_gran_canaria_mantiene_a_tres_tripulaciones_en_cinco_primero-PXCSN394975 |title=El Náutico de Gran Canaria mantiene a tres tripulaciones en cinco primero |date=1 November 2015 |access-date=18 November 2024 |work=Canarias7 |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.mundodeportivo.com/vela/20170104/413100915837/ismael-y-margarita-iess-y-elias-aretz-julio-alonso-se-situan-como-lideres.html |title=Ismael y Margarita Iess y Elías Aretz-Julio Alonso se sitúan como líderes |date=4 January 2017 |access-date=18 November 2024 |newspaper=Mundo Deportivo |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/local/canarias/20151027/54437489323/el-real-club-nautico-de-gran-canaria-acude-al-nacional-con-dos-tripulaciones.html |title=El Real Club Náutico de Gran Canaria acude al Nacional con dos tripulaciones |date=27 Oktober 2015 |access-date=18 November 2024 |newspaper=La Vanguardia |language=es}}</ref> Ing kelas 420, Alonso kasil ngrasakaké kasuksèsan gedhé. Dhèwèké menangaké telung Kajuwaraan Layar Spanyol lan entuk posisi kapindho bebarengan karo Luis Doreste,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://diariodeavisos.elespanol.com/2016/03/canarias-conquista-tres-medallas-campeonato-espana-420-vela/ |title=Canarias conquista tres medallas en el campeonato de España de 420 de vela |author=EFE |date=26 Maret 2016 |access-date=19 November 2024 |newspaper=Diario de Avisos |language=es}}</ref><ref name=lg/><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.abc.es/deportes/vela/vela-ligera/abci-canarias-campeon-equipos-201603261858_noticia.html |title=Canarias campeón por equipos |first=Jaume |last=Soler |date=26 Maret 2016 |access-date=19 November 2024 |newspaper=ABC |language=es}}</ref> putrané pelayar misuwur Luis Doreste lan keponakané Manuel Doreste, Gustavo Doreste, sarta José Luis Doreste— kabèh iku tokoh wigati ing sajarah layar Spanyol. Ing wektu iki, Alonso uga mèlu macem-macem Kajuwaraan Eropa lan Donya, sing nggawé dhèwèké nglumpukaké pengalaman internasional sing larang regané.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.470.org/default/news/new/text/closing-in-on-championship-titles-at-420-470-junior-europeans |title=Closing in on Championship Titles at 420/470 Junior Europeans |date=4 Agustus 2016 |access-date=19 November 2024 |work=470 Sailing}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.sail-world.com/USA/420-World-Championships-Gold-and-Silver-fleet-splits-decided/-146615 |title=420 World Championships – Gold and Silver fleet splits decided |author=420 Sailing |date=21 Juli 2016 |access-date=19 November 2024 |work=Sail World}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://420sailing.org/default/events/event/text/2016-420-and-470-junior-european-championships/page/0 |title=2016 420 and 470 Junior European Championships |year=2016 |access-date=19 November 2024 |work=420 Sailing |archive-date=19 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250319164508/https://420sailing.org/default/events/event/text/2016-420-and-470-junior-european-championships/page/0 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.yachtsandyachting.com/news/191357/420-and-470-Junior-Europeans-day-5 |title=420 and 470 Junior European Championship at Laka Balaton – Day 5 |author=International 420 Class Association |date=5 August 2016 |access-date=19 November 2024 |work=Yachts and Yachting}}</ref> Prestasi paling apiké ing kelas 420 yaiku menangaké Kajuwaraan Donya ing kategori balap tim.<ref name=lp/> Prestasi iki ndadèkaké dhèwèké diakoni ing kampung halamane, ing ngendi Alonso diwènèhi pakurmatan kanggo nindakaké tendangan pambuka ing pertandhingan bal-balan antarane UD Las Palmas lan [[Real Madrid CF]] ing Estadio Gran Canaria.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.libertaddigital.com/deportes/liga/2016-09-24/el-real-madrid-alimenta-las-dudas-con-un-pinchazo-en-las-palmas-2-2-1276583176/ |title=El Real Madrid alimenta las dudas con un pinchazo en Las Palmas (2–2) |first=Guillermo |last=Domínguez |date=24 September 2016 |access-date=19 November 2024 |newspaper=Libertad Digital |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.vozpopuli.com/deportes/real_madrid-las_palmas-futbol-la_liga-futbol_0_956604339.html |title=Un Real Madrid insulso vuelve a echar de menos su pegada y empata en Las Palmas |date=24 September 2016 |access-date=19 November 2024 |newspaper=Vozpópuli |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/deportes/futbol/liga/2016-09-24/santander-union-deportiva-las-palmas-real-madrid-asensio-tana-cristiano-bale-benzema-araujo-zidane-setien-gran-canaria_1265194/ |title=Roque y Tana devoran la valentía de Zidane |first=Jesús |last=Garrido |date=24 September 2016 |access-date=19 November 2024 |newspaper=El Confidencial |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cope.es/deportes/futbol/laliga-ea-sports/noticias/las-palmas-real-madrid-laliga-santander-6-jornada-24-09-16-20160924_13675 |title=Al Madrid se le atraganta el amarillo |date=24 September 2016 |access-date=19 November 2024 |work=Cadena COPE |language=es}}</ref> Nalikane pindah ing kelas 29er, Alonso kasil menangaké medhali emas ing Kajuwaraan Absolut 29er Spanyol lan medhali emas U-19 ing Kajuwaraan Spanyol.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www3.gobiernodecanarias.org/medusa/edublog/iesantoniogodoysosa/2018/04/16/felicitaciones-para-los-hermanos-yoel-e-isabel-hernandez-pena/ |title=Felicitaciones para los hermanos Yoel e Isabel Hernández Peña |date=16 April 2018 |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=Gobierno de Canarias |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.abc.es/deportes/vela/vela-ligera/abci-alicia-fras-y-maria-gonzalez-y-yoel-hernandez-y-julio-alonso-campeones-espana-29er-201803291120_noticia.html |title=Alicia Fras y María González y Yoel Hernández y Julio Alonso, campeones de España 29er |date=29 Maret 2018 |access-date=20 November 2024 |newspaper=ABC |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/local/canarias/20180411/442461416294/yoel-hernandez-y-julio-alonso-un-prometedor-duo-de-cara-al-mundial-de-29er.html |title=Yoel Hernández y Julio Alonso, un prometedor dúo de cara al Mundial de 29er |date=11 April 2018 |access-date=20 November 2024 |newspaper=[[La Vanguardia]] |language=es}}</ref> Prestasi iki ndadèkaké dhèwèké kapilih kanggo makili Spanyol ing Kajuwaraan Donya Layar Remaja 2018 sing diadakne ana ing [[Texas|Corpus Christi, Texas]], ing ngendi Alonso bisa finis ana ing posisi kasepuluh saka sakabèhané.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sailing.org/uploads/youthworlds/18_YW_29erboy.html |title=Sailwave results for 2018 Youth Sailing World Championships at Corpus Christi Yacht Club |year=2018 |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=Sailing.org}}</ref> Ing taun sing padha, Alonso tanda tangan kontrak karo Spanish Impulse by IBEROSTAR,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.masmar.net/esl/Vela/M%C3%A1s-Vela/El-regatista-del-RCN-de-Gran-Canaria,-Julio-Alonso,-seleccionado-para-el-equipo-Spanish-Impulse |title=El regatista del RCN de Gran Canaria, Julio Alonso, seleccionado para el equipo Spanish Impulse |date=30 Oktober 2018 |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=Masmar}}</ref> tim sing resmi dibentuk kanggo makili Spanyol ing Red Bull Youth America's Cup sing diadakne ing [[Bermuda]]. Sajeroning wektu iki, dhèwèké uga makili Spanyol ing Final Donya Red Bull Foiling Generation ing Miami,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.redbull.com/us-en/events/foiling-generation/Red-Bull-Foiling-Generation-2018-World-Final-Teams |title=Red Bull Foiling Generation |year=November 2018 |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=Redbull.com}}</ref> melu kompetisi ing katamaran Flying Phantom lan nuduhaké kaprigelan adaptasiné ing macem-macem cabang olahraga layar kinerja dhuwur.<ref name=l/> Wektu iki, Alonso sandhingan karo María Bover kanthi tujuan makili Spanyol ing kelas 470 campuran ing [[Gim Olympiadé|Olimpiade]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.gacetanautica.es/noticias/el-470-se-confirma-como-barco-mixto-para-paris-2024 |title=El 470 se confirma como barco mixto para París 2024 |first=Luis |last=Pomar |date=4 Juni 2019 |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=Gaceta Náutica |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.470.org/default/news/new/text/470-class-confirmed-as-equipment-for-mixed-two-person-dinghy-at-2024-paris-olympics |title=470 Class Confirmed as Equipment for Mixed Two-Person Dinghy at 2024 Paris Olympics |date=16 Mei 2019 |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=470 Sailing}}</ref> Nganti saiki, pasangan iki wis bisa nggayuh posisi kapapat ing kategori U-24 saka Kajuwaraan Layar Donya 470, sarta posisi kalima ing kategori U-24 saka Kajuwaraan Layar Eropa 470.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.laprovincia.es/deportes/2019/07/13/espana-cuatro-regatistas-canarios-fuera-9283445.html |title=España, con cuatro regatistas canarios, fuera del podio por equipos del Mundial de Optimist |date=12 Juli 2019 |access-date=20 November 2024 |newspaper=La Provincia |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rcngc.com/public/noticias/contenido/7437-Campeonato_de_Europa_420_y_470_Juvenil |title=Campeonato de Europa 420 y 470 Juvenil |date=31 Juli 2019 |access-date=20 November 2024 |work=Real Club Náutico de Gran Canaria |language=es |archive-date=3 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250203164133/https://www.rcngc.com/public/noticias/contenido/7437-Campeonato_de_Europa_420_y_470_Juvenil |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Réferènsi == {{reflist}} [[Kategori:Lair 2000]] [[Kategori:Wong urip]] [[Kategori:Olahragawan]] 336t3cnkesaxdhdq3i4xqq0p4ofbhfn James Peace 0 199117 1756296 1754468 2026-09-11T13:28:27Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 1756296 wikitext text/x-wiki {{multiscript|Jawa|꧁ꦗꦩ꧀ꦱ꧀ꦥꦶꦪꦺꦱ꧀꧂}} [[File:PhotoJames.jpg|thumb|James Peace ing Wiesbaden]] '''Kenneth James Peace''' lair wonten ing Paisley, tanggal [[28 Sèptèmber]] [[1963]]. Panjenenganipun punika satunggaling [[komponis]], pianis konser, lan [[seniman]] visual saking [[Sekotlan]].        == Biografi == James Peace lair wonten ing Paisley, Sekotlan, tanggal 28 Sèptèmber 1963.<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20110527164145/http://www.wiesbadener-tagblatt.de/region/wiesbaden/meldungen/10206548.htm Birgitta Lamparth. "Keine ‘stacheligen’ Klänge", Wiesbadener Tagblatt (koran Jerman), 10 Febuari 2011]</ref><ref name=":1">Julia Anderton. "Tango wie eine süß-saure Geschichte". Wiesbadener Kurier (koran Jerman), 24 Maret 2012</ref><ref name=":2">[https://hojaderutadigital.mx/una-entrevista-al-compositor-james-peace/ Soledad Carrizo-Araya. "Una entrevista al compositor James Peace". Hoja de Ruta Digital. Disyembre, 2022]{{Pranala mati|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Piyambakipun nglampahi agengipun wekdal alit wonten ing Helensburgh, satunggaling kutha pesisir ing sisih kulon Sekotland. Kulawarganipun kathah ingkang dados [[seniman]] (kados ta John McGhie), lan piyambakipun ugi kagungan hubungan kulawarga kaliyan Felix Burns, satunggaling komponis misuwur saking [[musik]] dansa ing separo kapisan abad kaping 20.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">Sabine Klein. "Meine Musik ist wie ich - sehr romantisch". Frankfurter Rundschau (koran Jerman), 1992, nomer 254, kaca 2</ref> Piyambakipun wiwit sinau [[piano]] nalika yuswa wolung taun, lan pagelaran umum kapisanipun lumampah nalika yuswa sekawan welas taun kanthi mainaken musik saking [[Scott Joplin]].<ref name=":2" /> Nalika yuswa nem belas taun, piyambakipun ditampi dados siswa paling enom ing ''Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama'' (ingkang sakmenika sinebat ''[[Royal Conservatoire of Scotland]]'') minangka siswa penuh wekdal.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">G. Müller. "Die Seele des Klaviers tanzt Tango". Kulturspiegel Wetterau (koran Jerman). Maret 2001, pahina 5</ref> Ing taun 1983 piyambakipun lulus saking Glasgow University kanthi gelar B.A. ing pangajaran piano.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> Setahun salajengipun, piyambakipun pikantuk diploma ing babagan penampilan musik sasampunipun mainaken ''Piano Concerto No. 1'' anggitanipun Felix Mendelssohn sesarengan kaliyan [[orkestra]] RSAMD.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">"James Peace". ''FRIZZ'' (majalah Jerman), Januari 2001, kaca 5</ref> [[Barkas:James Peace - Idylls Op.4b.webm|pus|jmpl|393x393px|James Peace - Idylls Op.4b]] Sasampunipun rampung sinau formal, piyambakipun dados pianis ingkang kathah dipun jaluk, lan gesang wonten ing [[Edinburgh]] antawisipun taun 1988–1991.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> James Peace lajeng manggen wonten ing Bad Nauheim, [[Jerman]] ([[basa Jerman]]: Bundesrepublik Deutschland) wiwit taun 1991 dumugi 2009.<ref>Manfred Merz. "Virtuose, gefühlsbetonte Welt der Romantik", Wetterauer Zeitung (koran Jerman), 12 Desember 1992, kaca 19</ref><ref>"James Peace". The Tango Times (majalah wonten New York), Édisi 2002/2003 (39), kaca 1–5</ref> Wiwit taun 1998 piyambakipun miwiti sinau babagan Tango, lan ngasilaken CD ''Tango escocés'' (Tango Skotlandia) ingkang ngemot komposisi piano anggitanipun piyambak piyambak.<ref name=":6">[https://search.nls.uk/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=44NLS_ALMA21615957400004341&context=L&vid=44NLS_VU1&lang=en_US&search_scope=SCOPE1&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,Tango%20escoc%C3%A9s&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. ''Tango escocés''] </ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |url=https://pad.philharmoniedeparis.fr/pad/doc/ALOES/0795887/tango-escoces-scottish-tango-k-james-peace-comp-piano |title=Philharmonie de Paris. ''Tango escocés'' |access-date=2025-10-21 |archive-date=2025-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250928140339/https://pad.philharmoniedeparis.fr/pad/doc/ALOES/0795887/tango-escoces-scottish-tango-k-james-peace-comp-piano |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":8">[https://www.muziekweb.nl/Link/KHX3103/Tango-escoc%C3%A9s de bibliotheek. ''Tango escocés''] </ref> Ing taun 2002 piyambakipun dados anggota kehormatan Victoria College of Music.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9">"James Peace". La Cadena (majalah Belanda), September 2002, kaca 26</ref> Ing taun ingkang sami, piyambakipun nglaksanani tur konser solo wonten ing sisih lor Jerman (September–Oktober) lan dhateng wetan adoh (ing november), ing pundi piyambakipun maringi pagelaran kapisan Tango XVII anggitanipun piyambak piyambak wonten [[Hong Kong]].<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":9" /><ref>''TangoTang'' (Hong Kong), Newsletter, 8 Oktober 2002</ref><ref>[https://www.scmp.com/article/393890/james-peace "James Peace". 南華早報 (koran ing Hong Kong), 9 Oktober 2002]</ref> [[Barkas:Tango Milonga op. 26.wav|kiri|jmpl|Tango Milonga op. 26]] [[Barkas:Tango XVIII by James Peace (James Peace, piano).wav|kiri|jmpl|Tango XVIII by James Peace (James Peace, piano)]] Sasampunipun punika, kathah pagelaran piyambakipun dipusataken wonten ing [[Éropa|Eropa]]. Piyambakipun sampun nate nampilaken karya tango anggitanipun piyambak piyambak wonten ing kitha-kitha krajan kados ta [[Amsterdam]], [[Aténa|Athéna]],<ref>Brosur program konser, Athéna ''{Για σένα Αγγελική}'', 27 April 2016</ref> [[Berlin]],<ref>Tangodanza (majalah Jerman), Édisi 1/2002 – 9</ref> [[Brussel]], [[Helsinki]],<ref>Poster konser (tur konser ing Finlandia, 2014)</ref> [[Lisabon]]<ref name=":2" /><ref>Poster konser (tur konser ing Portugal, 2016)</ref> [[London]], [[Madrid]],<ref name=":2" /><ref>Poster konser (tur konser ing Spanyol, ''¡Feliz Cincuenta Cumpleaños - 2013!'')</ref> [[Oslo]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://listen.no/event/konsert-kl-13-00-james-peace-flygel-tangos-romanticos-musikk-av-peace-piazzolla-albeniz-utstillingssalene-er-stengt |title=Listen.no. James Peace (flygel). Munch Museet, Oslo, 16 Oktober 2004 |access-date=2025-10-21 |archive-date=2020-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608114526/https://listen.no/event/konsert-kl-13-00-james-peace-flygel-tangos-romanticos-musikk-av-peace-piazzolla-albeniz-utstillingssalene-er-stengt |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Reykjavík]],<ref>[https://www.mbl.is/greinasafn/grein/823608/ Ríkarður Ö. Pálsson. "Skozkir Slaghörputangoár". Morgunblaðið (koran Islandia), 14 Oktober 2004]</ref> lan [[Wènen]].<ref>Brosur program konser (Wina), 23 Januari 2005</ref> Ing taun 2008 piyambakipun pikantuk pangajeng-ajeng dados anggota kehormatan London College of Music minangka pangalembana tumrap jasa-jasanipun ing jagad tango.<ref name=":10">[https://search.nls.uk/primo-explore/fulldisplay?vid=44NLS_VU1&tab=default_tab&docid=44NLS_ALMA21438757900004341&lang=en_US&context=L&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,K.%20James%20Peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. ''K. James Peace in Wiesbaden'']</ref><ref name=":11">[https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=idn%3D1022200380 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. ''K. James Peace in Wiesbaden'']</ref><ref name=":12">[https://whittakerlive.blogspot.com/2012/05/new-dvd-interview-with-wiesbaden.html Whittaker Live. "Wiesbadener Highlander K. James Peace - New DVD"]</ref> Sasampunipun manggen sekedhap ing Edinburgh, piyambakipun wangsul dhateng Jerman ing wulan [[Fèbruari 2010|Februari 2010]] lan manggen ing [[Wiesbaden]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Lelampahan punika maringi inspirasi enggal tumrap karya kreatifipun, saha piyambakipun damel film-film cekak adhedhasar komposisi anggitanipun piyambak piyambak. Salah satunggaling karyanipun punika [[film]] dokumenter ''James Peace in Wiesbaden''.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":11" /><ref name=":12" /> == Hadiah lan Pangajeng-ajeng == ●     Hadiah kapisan, Agnes Millar kompetisi. [[Glasgow]], 1983<ref name=":4" /> ●     Hadiah kapisan, Dunbartonshire EIS kompetisi. [[Glasgow]], 1984<ref name=":4" /> ●     Hadiah kapisan, Sibelius Essay Prize. [[Glasgow]], 1985<ref name=":4" /> ●     Diploma pakurmatan, TIM kompetisi. [[Roma]], 2000<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /> ●     Diploma pakurmatan, IBLA Foundation. [[New York]], 2002<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":5" /> ●     Medhali pangeling, International Piano Duo Association. [[Tokyo]], 2002<ref name=":13">{{Cite web |url=http://ipda-pianoduo.com/composition-concour-list-english.html |title=International Piano Duo Association (東京), Daftar para pamenang hadiah, 2002 |access-date=2025-10-21 |archive-date=2020-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527164059/http://www.ipda-pianoduo.com/composition-concour-list-english.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ●     Medhali emas, Académie Internationale de Lutèce. [[Paris]], 2008<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> [[Barkas:Cover page, Eternal Song Op.32 by James Peace (study score).png|jmpl|353x353px|Kaca panutup, Eternal Song (Lagu Abadi) Op.32 dening James Peace (skor sinau)]] == Pakaryan Pokokipun == ●     ''The Waterfall (Grojogan)''<ref>Hessisches Staatstheater. Brosur program konser, 12/19 September 2021</ref> ●     ''Idylls (Serenada Énjing)'' ●     ''Lento Lacrimoso (Luhing Meneng)'' ●     ''Forgotten Leaves (Godhong Kasepéan)'' ●     ''Ceremonial March No.1 (Ladrang Upacara no.1)'' ●     ''Ceremonial March No.2 (Ladrang Upacara no.2)'' ●     ''Autumn Gold (Emas Mangsa Gugur)''<ref>"Violine schwebt über das Orchester". Schwäbische Post (koran Jerman), 4 Juni 1994</ref> ●     ''Eternal Song (Tembang Langgeng)''<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://search.nls.uk/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma9935400923804341&context=L&vid=44NLS_INST:44NLS_VU1&lang=en&search_scope=MainCatalogue&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,James%20peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. ''Eternal Song Op.32, Peace, K. James'']</ref> ●     "Kangge [[Géorgia|Georgia]]" (basa Géorgia: საქართველოსთვის)          (lirik: Tamari Chikvaidze, Zurabi Chikvaidze lan James Peace) ●     24 Ténggo Kangge Piano Tunggal<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":10" /><ref name=":11" /><ref name=":12" /><ref name=":13" /><ref>[https://www.britishviolasociety.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Latest-news-from-the-British-Viola-Society.-August-2023-compressed.pdf ''British Viola Society'', Koran, Agustus 2023] </ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240522135254/https://hojaderutadigital.mx/una-corta-historia-del-tango/ Hoja de Ruta Digital, México. "Una corta historia del tango", 22 Komon, 2024]</ref><ref>[https://search.nls.uk/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma9941547953804341&context=L&vid=44NLS_INST:44NLS_VU1&lang=en&search_scope=MainCatalogue&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&query=any,contains,James%20peace&mode=basic National Library of Scotland. ''Tangos op.33, Peace, K. James'']</ref> == Pranala Njawi == [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZcMRNnwNJhk&list=RDZcMRNnwNJhk&start_radio=1 Lento Lacrimoso - ''youtube''] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSX1c8EUukg&list=RDsSX1c8EUukg&start_radio=1 Souvenir de Buenos Aires - ''youtube''] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VKxG2dmQn4&list=RD_VKxG2dmQn4&start_radio=1 Autumn Gold - ''youtube''] == Rujukan == <references /> [[Kategori:Tokoh Britania Raya]] [[Kategori:Lair 1963]] [[Kategori:Komponis]] 2ugg3d1a7a5mxg7jh3vzn9yu2bdae72 Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan 0 199580 1756336 1742340 2026-09-12T08:45:49Z Presiden revanisme 70645 1756336 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pp-protected|reason=Penambahan isi halaman tanpa sumber|small=yes}} {|{{Infobox aircraft begin|name=I-22 Sikatan|image=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan Sketchfab.png|caption=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan}}{{Infobox aircraft type|type= Block I [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Zat tempur multiperan]]<br />Block II [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Zat tempur unggul udara]]|national origin=Indonesia|manufacturer=[[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]]|designer=[https://id.linkedin.com/showcase/vlr-consulting-group/ Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa] |first flight=Durung kaweruhan|introduced=|retired=|status=Prototipe (Sajjeroning pangembangan)|primary user=Durung kaweruhan |more users=|produced=|number built= 1 (Mockup)<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref>|unit cost=|developed from=|variants with their own articles=|developed into=}} |} '''Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan''' inggih punika program pangembangan [[pesawat tempur multiperan|zat tempur multiperan]] generasi 4.5 lan [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|zat tempur unggul udara]] generasi 5 [[Indonesia]] ingkang dipuntindakaken dening [[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Zat tempur punika dipunrancang minangka zat tempur ukuran menengah-ngeboti kanthi mesin ganda, kursi ganda, mawi sistem [[avionik]] modern lan fitur berkinerja dhuwur, supados saged ngebaki peran wigati minangka sarana pelatihan penerbang modern liwat kinerja ingkang sae piyambak. Mockup saking zat tempur punika sampun dipunpameraken wonten ing arena njawi [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ing booth OD 60 ingkang dipunawontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Rizkia|first=Zulaika|date=2023-11-13|title=I-22 Sikatan Dikembangkan Bukan Buat TNI AU Tapi Infoglobal Rela Kucurkan Uang Karena Indonesia Ternyata Punya Bidikan - Zona Jakarta|url=https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan|website=Zona Jakarta|language=id|access-date=2024-02-21}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan minangka program pangembangan zat tempur kaping kalih ingkang dipuntindakaken dening Indonesia. Sadurungipun, Indonesia, liwat [[Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional|LAPAN]], nate ngembangaken zat tempur multiperan siluman generasi kaping gansal kanthi nama [[LAPAN Fighter Experimental (LFX)]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Liputan6.com|date=2014-04-22|title=LFX, Pengembangan Pesawat Tempur Indonesia yang Tertunda|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2040091/lfx-pengembangan-pesawat-tempur-indonesia-yang-tertunda|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-06-30}}</ref> ing taun 2012, nanging program kasebat dipunbekukaken ing taun 2013 nganti sapriki tanpa wonten kajelasan. == Sistem Penamaan == Aksara "I" ing nama pesawat dipunpendhet saking nama perusahaan ingkang ndamel, yaiku Infoglobal, dene angka "22" nuduhaken taun 2022 ing ngendi mock-up pesawat punika kapisan dipuntampilaken wonten ing acara Indo Defence Expo & Forum.<ref name=":0" /> Sauntara punika, nama Sikatan dipunpendhet saking nama jinis manuk [[Ficedula|Sikatan]] ingkang kathah dipunpanggangi ing sawetara negara [[Asia Tenggara]]. Manuk punika misuwur amargi trampil lan gesit nalika miber. Paring nama Sikatan marang pesawat I-22 punika gadhah pangarep-arep benjang I-22 saged miber kanthi gesit kados dene manuk Sikatan ing alam liar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Aksara Purwaka === Beda kaliyan Amerika Serikat lan Tiongkok ingkang penamaan pesawatipun nggunakaken aksara purwaka (awalan) kanggē nuduhaken fungsi saking pesawat kasebat,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Cracking the Aircraft Designation Code|url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/cracking-aircraft-designation-code|website=U.S. Naval Institute|language=en|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Military Aircraft Designations|url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html|website=designation-systems.net|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> I-22 malah nggunakaken nama perusahaan pembuatipun minangka aksara purwaka. Sistem penamaan punika sami kados ingkang dipun-damel dening [[Rusia]] kanggē pesawat-pesawatipun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-19|title=Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_military_aircraft_designation_systems&oldid=1150608769|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Minangka conto, aksara SU ing pesawat [[Sukhoi Su-57|Su-57]] nuduhaken perusahaan pembuatipun yaiku [[Sukhoi]]. Bab punika berlaku kanggē meh sedaya pesawat Rusia<ref name=":2" /> kados TU kanggē [[Tupolev]], MIG kanggē [[Mikoyan]], IL kanggē [[Ilyushin]], lan taksih kathah maneh. Beda kaliyan Amerika lan Tiongkok ingkang aksara purwakanipun nuduhaken fungsi pesawat, kados F kanggē Fighter, J kanggē Jianjiji (fighter), B kanggē Bomber, H kanggē Hongzhaji (bomber), lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /> Nanging bab punika mboten ateges sedaya pesawat tempur buatan Indonesia ing tembe bakal nggunakaken sistem penamaan kasebat, amargi nama I-22 Sikatan mboten dipunparingi dening pemerintah, nanging dening perusahaan Infoglobal piyambak. == Desain == Konsep desain I-22 Sikatan dipungagas nindakaken kerja sami kaliyan firma desain kedirgantaraan lokal [[Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurw|date=2022-11-26|title=DEFENSE STUDIES: Menengok Konsep Pesawat Tempur Generasi 4,5 dari Infoglobal|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2022/11/menengok-konsep-pesawat-tempur-generasi.html|website=DEFENSE STUDIES|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> ingkang dipunpangarsi dening tilas penerbang kendaraan udara nirawak komersial ([[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]), Sunanto Ajidarmo. Wonten pameran kasebat, Sunanto ngandharaken i-22 Sikatan minangka konsep pesawat tempur bermesin ganda kanthi desain ingkang dipun-inspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Militer|first=Garuda|date=Kamis, 08 Desember 2022|title=Garuda Militer: i-22 Sikatan Infoglobal|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2022/12/i-22-sikatan-infoglobal.html#|website=Garuda Militer|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indo Defence 2022: Indonesian aerospace firm unveils 4.5-generation fighter concept|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Desain punika nyajikaken wujud [[Penampang lintang radar|penampang radar]] ingkang dipunsuda lan kathah-kathahipun nggunakaken bahan komposit kanggē nambah karakter silumanipun.[[File:Saab JAS 39 Gripen at Kaivopuisto Air Show, June 2017 (altered) copy.jpg|thumb|240px|Saab JAS 39 Gripen wonten ing pagelaran Kaivopuisto Air Show.]] I-22 Sikatan gadhah dimensi ingkang ringkes kanthi dawa 12,5 meter, [[rentang sayap|jembar sayap]] 7 meter, lan dhuwur 3,5 meter. Pesawat punika sengaja dirancang mawi ukuran cilik amargi bakal dipun-ngangge minangka pesawat tempur utama lan saged dipun-ginakaken kanggē patroli jarak tebih.<ref>https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept</ref> Sudut kemiringan sirip jejegipun dipunrancang kanggē mbuwang pantulan gelombang radar menyang samping, sanes wangsul menyang sumber radar mungsuh. Garis tajam ingkang dawa saking irung nganti tekan sayap (chine) gadhah fungsi memecah turbulensi sarta nyuda Radar Cross Section (RCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> Konsep punika gadhah kalih varian – satunggal mawi konfigurasi sayap canard, lan satunggal malih tanpa sayap canard. Konfigurasi sayap canard gadhah jembar sayap 9 meter, dene ingkang mboten gadhah sayap canard jembar sayapipun 9,6 meter. Loro-loronipun konsep kasebat dipunrancang jangkep wonten ing njero negeri dening para insinyur dirgantara lokal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KASKUS|title=Indo Defence 2022: PT Infoglobal Tampilkan Mockup Jet Tempur i-22 Sikatan|url=https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/6368ea4f68f1707c384efdfb/indo-defence-2022-pt-infoglobal-tampilkan-mockup-jet-tempur-i-22-sikatan|website=KASKUS|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mock-up ingkang dipun-pameraken ing Indo Defence 2022 inggih punika varian tanpa canard, lan dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran aslinipun kanggē nggampilaken pangaturan pengiriman lan taksih wujud mockup kasar. Infoglobal ngrancang nggunakaken mesin saking Hawk Mk.209 kanggē prototipe kapisanipun, nanging wonten spekulasi ing tembe wingking babagan potensi panganggean [[mesin jet]] asil reverse engineering.<ref>https://tni-au.mil.id/berita/detail/depohar-30-dislitbangau-dan-pt-its-berkolaborasi-dalam-reverse-engineering-pesawat-hawk-mk-209</ref> == Pangembangan == Program pangembangan bakal dipuntindakaken wonten ing tigang tahap. Wonten ing tahap kapisan, pesawat bakal dipun-kembangaken minangka [[pesawat latih|pesawat latih]]. Tahap kaping kalih bakal dados demonstrator. Lajeng, fase pungkasan bakal dados sistem penuh.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/63bb866f43375|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}} Sistem penuh kasebat inggih punika I-22 varian Multirole lan I-22 varian Superioritas Udara ingkang pancen dados kabetahan primer pertahanan udara saking jinis pesawat tempur</ref> Infoglobal sampun ngawiti Program Sikatan i-22 kanthi tujuan penguasaan teknologi pesawat tempur lan ningali potensi pasar kanthi manfaataken pengalaman lan katrampilanipun ing desain/produksi sistem pesawat ingkang hemat biaya.<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref> === Indo Defence 2022 === Wonten ing acara [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ingkang dipun-awontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022, PT. Infoglobal kanggē kapisanipun ngenalaken mockup saking pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ing arena outdoor booth OD 60.<ref name=":3" /> Mock-up ingkang dipunpameraken inggih punika varian tanpa canard, dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran asli supados gampil dipuntata nalika pengiriman lan taksih rupa mockup kasar. [[File:Mockup I-22 Sikatan Indo Defense 2024.png|thumb|Mockup pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan sesarengan kaliyan pesawat nirawak Wani-23]] === Indo Defence 2024 === Wonten ing pagelaran Indo Defence 2024 ingkang dipun-awontenaken tanggal 11 - 14 Juni 2025, PT Infoglobal nampilaken pangembangan paling anyar saking program i-22 Sikatan, kalebet model kokpit skala penuh lan simulator penerbanganipun. Kehadiran punika nglanjutaken partisipasi perusahaan wonten ing pameran rong taunan kasebat, sasampunipun sadurungipun ugi memamerkan model lan versi berskala luwih cilik ing taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Pamerkan Kokpit Skala Penuh i-22 Sikatan|url=https://gbp.com.sg/regional_stories/infoglobal-pamerkan-kokpit-skala-penuh-i-22-sikatan/|website=GBP|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan Demonstrator ingkang dipun-pameraken nuduhaken kemajuan sajjeroning pangembangan teknologi pesawat tempur, kalebet desain kokpit ingkang modern. Pesawat punika dipunjangkepi fitur [[fly-by-wire]], ing ngendi flight control utawi [[sistem kendali]] penerbangan mlaku kanthi elektronik liwat joystick lan throttle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Unveils Full-Scale i-22 Sikatan Cockpit|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/684bdbe9604cc|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> [[File:Full Scale Cockpit & Demonstrator I-22 Sikatan.jpg|thumb|Kokpit lan demonstrator skala penuh pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ingkang dipunpameraken ing pameran Indo Defense 2024]] Sebagean gedhe konfigurasi avionikipun terintegrasi sajjeroning siji panoramic display berukuran 25”. Layar punika nampilaken macem-macem data, wiwit saking CNI System, Map-based navigation, Fuel & Engine Monitoring System, Integrated Caution and Warning System (ICAWS), nganti tekan Weapon System. i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi IESD minangka backup flight instrument, sarta fitur day/night mode kanggē operasional pesawat ing lingkungan kanthi cahya sithik utawi wektu wengi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instagram/infoglobal|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKy7vc2TLcJ/|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mboten namung wonten ing kokpit, i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) ingkang ngemungaken data penerbangan wigati dipunproyeksikaken langkung menyang [[retina]] pilot liwat tampilan ing helm, saengga nambah kesadaran situasional pilot sajjeroning misi. I-22 dipunproyeksikaken nggunakaken AESA Radar lan sistem Data Link ingkang ngemungaken pesawat punika bertempur kanthi "senyap" tanpa kudu nyalakaken radar aktif ingkang saged dipundeteksi dening mungsuh. == Kontroversi == [[File:The third prototype of the KF-21 Boramae on display at the 2022 Sacheon Airshow.png|thumb|240px|Prototipe kaping tiga KF-21 Boramae.]] I-22 Sikatan sering dipun-tingali negatif mliginipun dening pengamat militer [[Korea Selatan]] lan [[Tiongkok]]. Desain I-22 Sikatan kerep dipunanggep mirip kaliyan [[KAI KF-21 Boramae|KF-21 Boramae]] saking Korea Selatan lan [[Chengdu J-20|J-20]] saking Tiongkok. Malah sawetara pengamat militer Korea Selatan curiga yen wonten ingkang mbocorken teknologi inti KF-21 menyang Indonesia amargi wektu dipun-kenalaken I-22 terlalau 'kebeneran' ing tengah nunggakipun utang Indonesia ing proyek KF-21. Dheweke curiga yen Indonesia bakal metu saking proyek KF-21 lan mbangun I-22 mawi teknologi KF-21 ingkang sampun dipun-gadhahi kanthi meneng-meneng. Nanging, beda kaliyan fakta ing lapangan amargi kebanyakan masyarakat Korea durung ngerti babagan anane I-22 Sikatan. [[File:J-20 at CCAS2022 (20220827103424).jpg|thumb|240px|J-20 Mighty Dragon gadhahipun Tiongkok.]] Sanadyan durung saged dipunpastiaken kasetenanipun, sawetara pengamat militer Tiongkok ugi tumut nuduh yen Indonesia sampun njiplak rancangan pesawat tempur J-20.<ref>{{Cite web|title=除土耳其无人机之外,又多一国仿制我们的歼20,连DSI进气道都有?_印尼_战机_国家|url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/619069242_121432636|website=www.sohu.com|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Sanadyan [[Direktur utama|CEO]] Infoglobal piyambak ngendika yen desain I-22 terinspirasi saking JAS-39 Gripen, nanging mboten saged dipunsangkal yen desain I-22 pancen mirip sanget kaliyan J-20. == Varian (proyeksi) == Wonten tigang versi ingkang dipunrancangkan:<ref name="airspace-review">{{Cite web |last=Sawiyya |first=Rangga Baswara |date=2022-11-06 |title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21 |url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/ |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=Airspace Review |language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Block I''': Generasi kaping 4.5, punika gadhah 2 varian yaiku [[pesawat latih|Pesawat Latih Lanjut]] & [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Pesawat Tempur Multiperan]] kanthi sistem avionik anyar kanggē kabetahan pelatihan pilot lan pertahanan negara saking ancaman pesawat tempur multiperan lintunipun. * '''Block II''': Generasi kaping 5, varian [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Pesawat Tempur Superioritas Udara]], nanging ugi gadhah kemampuan kanggē nindakaken pertempuran dharat, peperangan elektronik, lan [[SIGINT|sinyal intelijen]] kanthi sistem avionik canggih, kompartemen senjata internal lan kemampuan silumanipun sarta berpotensi ngalami pembesaran desain pesawat. * '''Demonstrator Teknologi''': Versi demonstrasi teknologi sadurunge '''Block I'''. == Spesifikasi (proyeksi) == Adhedhasar data spesifikasi.<ref name="jawapos">{{cite news|url=https://infoglobal.co.id/be/api/media/file/1604602.pdf|publisher=Jawa Pos|title=Alutsista Buatan Lokal Siap Tembus Dominasi Global|date=2025-07-01|first=Azami|last=Ramadhan|location=Surabaya|language=id}}</ref> [[File:Infoglobal_I-22_Sikatan_Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block I saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] [[File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block II saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] === Karakteristik Utama === * Kapasitas Kru: 1 utawi 2 * Desain Block 1: Wiwitanipun terinspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]] nanging luwih mirip kaliyan [[Chengdu J-20]], ngadopsi karakter siluman kanthi citra radar rendah lan nggunakaken [[material komposit]] * Desain Block 2: Ngadopsi konfigurasi canard-delta berbasis blended wing-body (BWB), ingkang ngombinasikaken elemen aerodinamis Chengdu J-20 (sirip canard aktif) kaliyan tata letak siluman F-22 Raptor (twin canted tail lan geometri penampang radar rendah). Konstruksi airframe manfaataken Komposit Serat Karbon Lanjut (Advanced CFRP) lan Titanium-Matrix Composite (TMC), dipundhaptarake kaliyan pelapis Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial, Diverterless Supersonic Inlet (DSI), sarta Thrust Vectoring Nozzles (TVN) kanggē nyuda jejak inframerah lan penampang radar (RCS). * Dawane: 12.5&nbsp;m (perkiraan 18m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Jembar sayap: 7m (perkiraan 13m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Dhuwur: 3.5m (5.3m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Bobot: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * [[Berat lepas landas maksimum|Bobot lepas landas maksimum]]: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * Mesin: Dipunsengkuyung dening Mesin Turbofan 2x Reverse engineering / WS-10 series kanggē block 1 (Varian Block 2 durung dipuntentukan, kemungkinan ''Low-bypass Afterburning Turbofan'') * Sistem kontrol: Block 1, Digital Fly-by-Wire (DFBW) Quad-redundant mawi Flight Envelope Protectional mawi layar panorama 25 inci lan Sistem Tampilan Terpasang Helmet-Mounted Display System (HMDS) kanthi integrasi VR/AR. Sauntara punika Block 2, ''Advanced DFBW'' (utawi ''Fly-by-Light'' / FBL) terintegrasi ''Thrust Vector Control'' (TVC) lan kontrol ''High Angle-of-Attack'' (AoA). * Sistem radar: Radar AESA-X (experimental) buatan Infoglobal * Lambung Senjata: Internal Weapon Bay === Fitur siluman === Wonten ing rancangan konsep varian Block 2, I-22 Sikatan dipunproyeksikaken manfaataken lapisan Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial ingkang dipunintegrasikaken ing struktur komposit pesawat. Penggunaan metamaterial punika dipunmaksudaken kanggē nyuda nilai Radar Cross Section (RCS) kanthi nyerap spektrum gelombang radar ingkang luwih jembar (broadband), sarta nyuda bobot fisik yen dipunbandingaken kaliyan RAM konvensional berbasis ferit utawi polimer konduktif kados dene ingkang dipungunakaken ing F-22 Raptor. Sanadyan katulis sajjeroning dokumen spesifikasi target, penggunaan pelapis metamaterial punika taksih mawi status proyeksi teknis jangka dawa. Secara global, pengaplikasian metamaterial ing kerangka pesawat tempur taksih wonten ing tahap riset lan uji coba terbatas, dene fokus pangembangan I-22 Sikatan wektu punika taksih dipunprioritasaken ing varian latih & multiperan (Block 1) lan integrasi avionik. === Performa === * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach udakara 2.350 km/jam nggunakaken twin-engine aircraft (Block 1). * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach nganti 2,6 Mach (udakara 2. a9kxzrwmnodes4u4f55fxkaodm7and7 1756337 1756336 2026-09-12T08:46:26Z Presiden revanisme 70645 1756337 wikitext text/x-wiki {|{{Infobox aircraft|name=I-22 Sikatan|image=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan Sketchfab.png|caption=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan}}{{Infobox aircraft type|type= Block I [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Zat tempur multiperan]]<br />Block II [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Zat tempur unggul udara]]|national origin=Indonesia|manufacturer=[[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]]|designer=[https://id.linkedin.com/showcase/vlr-consulting-group/ Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa] |first flight=Durung kaweruhan|introduced=|retired=|status=Prototipe (Sajjeroning pangembangan)|primary user=Durung kaweruhan |more users=|produced=|number built= 1 (Mockup)<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref>|unit cost=|developed from=|variants with their own articles=|developed into=}} |} '''Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan''' inggih punika program pangembangan [[pesawat tempur multiperan|zat tempur multiperan]] generasi 4.5 lan [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|zat tempur unggul udara]] generasi 5 [[Indonesia]] ingkang dipuntindakaken dening [[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Zat tempur punika dipunrancang minangka zat tempur ukuran menengah-ngeboti kanthi mesin ganda, kursi ganda, mawi sistem [[avionik]] modern lan fitur berkinerja dhuwur, supados saged ngebaki peran wigati minangka sarana pelatihan penerbang modern liwat kinerja ingkang sae piyambak. Mockup saking zat tempur punika sampun dipunpameraken wonten ing arena njawi [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ing booth OD 60 ingkang dipunawontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Rizkia|first=Zulaika|date=2023-11-13|title=I-22 Sikatan Dikembangkan Bukan Buat TNI AU Tapi Infoglobal Rela Kucurkan Uang Karena Indonesia Ternyata Punya Bidikan - Zona Jakarta|url=https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan|website=Zona Jakarta|language=id|access-date=2024-02-21}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan minangka program pangembangan zat tempur kaping kalih ingkang dipuntindakaken dening Indonesia. Sadurungipun, Indonesia, liwat [[Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional|LAPAN]], nate ngembangaken zat tempur multiperan siluman generasi kaping gansal kanthi nama [[LAPAN Fighter Experimental (LFX)]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Liputan6.com|date=2014-04-22|title=LFX, Pengembangan Pesawat Tempur Indonesia yang Tertunda|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2040091/lfx-pengembangan-pesawat-tempur-indonesia-yang-tertunda|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-06-30}}</ref> ing taun 2012, nanging program kasebat dipunbekukaken ing taun 2013 nganti sapriki tanpa wonten kajelasan. == Sistem Penamaan == Aksara "I" ing nama pesawat dipunpendhet saking nama perusahaan ingkang ndamel, yaiku Infoglobal, dene angka "22" nuduhaken taun 2022 ing ngendi mock-up pesawat punika kapisan dipuntampilaken wonten ing acara Indo Defence Expo & Forum.<ref name=":0" /> Sauntara punika, nama Sikatan dipunpendhet saking nama jinis manuk [[Ficedula|Sikatan]] ingkang kathah dipunpanggangi ing sawetara negara [[Asia Tenggara]]. Manuk punika misuwur amargi trampil lan gesit nalika miber. Paring nama Sikatan marang pesawat I-22 punika gadhah pangarep-arep benjang I-22 saged miber kanthi gesit kados dene manuk Sikatan ing alam liar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Aksara Purwaka === Beda kaliyan Amerika Serikat lan Tiongkok ingkang penamaan pesawatipun nggunakaken aksara purwaka (awalan) kanggē nuduhaken fungsi saking pesawat kasebat,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Cracking the Aircraft Designation Code|url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/cracking-aircraft-designation-code|website=U.S. Naval Institute|language=en|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Military Aircraft Designations|url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html|website=designation-systems.net|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> I-22 malah nggunakaken nama perusahaan pembuatipun minangka aksara purwaka. Sistem penamaan punika sami kados ingkang dipun-damel dening [[Rusia]] kanggē pesawat-pesawatipun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-19|title=Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_military_aircraft_designation_systems&oldid=1150608769|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Minangka conto, aksara SU ing pesawat [[Sukhoi Su-57|Su-57]] nuduhaken perusahaan pembuatipun yaiku [[Sukhoi]]. Bab punika berlaku kanggē meh sedaya pesawat Rusia<ref name=":2" /> kados TU kanggē [[Tupolev]], MIG kanggē [[Mikoyan]], IL kanggē [[Ilyushin]], lan taksih kathah maneh. Beda kaliyan Amerika lan Tiongkok ingkang aksara purwakanipun nuduhaken fungsi pesawat, kados F kanggē Fighter, J kanggē Jianjiji (fighter), B kanggē Bomber, H kanggē Hongzhaji (bomber), lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /> Nanging bab punika mboten ateges sedaya pesawat tempur buatan Indonesia ing tembe bakal nggunakaken sistem penamaan kasebat, amargi nama I-22 Sikatan mboten dipunparingi dening pemerintah, nanging dening perusahaan Infoglobal piyambak. == Desain == Konsep desain I-22 Sikatan dipungagas nindakaken kerja sami kaliyan firma desain kedirgantaraan lokal [[Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurw|date=2022-11-26|title=DEFENSE STUDIES: Menengok Konsep Pesawat Tempur Generasi 4,5 dari Infoglobal|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2022/11/menengok-konsep-pesawat-tempur-generasi.html|website=DEFENSE STUDIES|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> ingkang dipunpangarsi dening tilas penerbang kendaraan udara nirawak komersial ([[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]), Sunanto Ajidarmo. Wonten pameran kasebat, Sunanto ngandharaken i-22 Sikatan minangka konsep pesawat tempur bermesin ganda kanthi desain ingkang dipun-inspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Militer|first=Garuda|date=Kamis, 08 Desember 2022|title=Garuda Militer: i-22 Sikatan Infoglobal|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2022/12/i-22-sikatan-infoglobal.html#|website=Garuda Militer|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indo Defence 2022: Indonesian aerospace firm unveils 4.5-generation fighter concept|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Desain punika nyajikaken wujud [[Penampang lintang radar|penampang radar]] ingkang dipunsuda lan kathah-kathahipun nggunakaken bahan komposit kanggē nambah karakter silumanipun.[[File:Saab JAS 39 Gripen at Kaivopuisto Air Show, June 2017 (altered) copy.jpg|thumb|240px|Saab JAS 39 Gripen wonten ing pagelaran Kaivopuisto Air Show.]] I-22 Sikatan gadhah dimensi ingkang ringkes kanthi dawa 12,5 meter, [[rentang sayap|jembar sayap]] 7 meter, lan dhuwur 3,5 meter. Pesawat punika sengaja dirancang mawi ukuran cilik amargi bakal dipun-ngangge minangka pesawat tempur utama lan saged dipun-ginakaken kanggē patroli jarak tebih.<ref>https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept</ref> Sudut kemiringan sirip jejegipun dipunrancang kanggē mbuwang pantulan gelombang radar menyang samping, sanes wangsul menyang sumber radar mungsuh. Garis tajam ingkang dawa saking irung nganti tekan sayap (chine) gadhah fungsi memecah turbulensi sarta nyuda Radar Cross Section (RCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> Konsep punika gadhah kalih varian – satunggal mawi konfigurasi sayap canard, lan satunggal malih tanpa sayap canard. Konfigurasi sayap canard gadhah jembar sayap 9 meter, dene ingkang mboten gadhah sayap canard jembar sayapipun 9,6 meter. Loro-loronipun konsep kasebat dipunrancang jangkep wonten ing njero negeri dening para insinyur dirgantara lokal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KASKUS|title=Indo Defence 2022: PT Infoglobal Tampilkan Mockup Jet Tempur i-22 Sikatan|url=https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/6368ea4f68f1707c384efdfb/indo-defence-2022-pt-infoglobal-tampilkan-mockup-jet-tempur-i-22-sikatan|website=KASKUS|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mock-up ingkang dipun-pameraken ing Indo Defence 2022 inggih punika varian tanpa canard, lan dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran aslinipun kanggē nggampilaken pangaturan pengiriman lan taksih wujud mockup kasar. Infoglobal ngrancang nggunakaken mesin saking Hawk Mk.209 kanggē prototipe kapisanipun, nanging wonten spekulasi ing tembe wingking babagan potensi panganggean [[mesin jet]] asil reverse engineering.<ref>https://tni-au.mil.id/berita/detail/depohar-30-dislitbangau-dan-pt-its-berkolaborasi-dalam-reverse-engineering-pesawat-hawk-mk-209</ref> == Pangembangan == Program pangembangan bakal dipuntindakaken wonten ing tigang tahap. Wonten ing tahap kapisan, pesawat bakal dipun-kembangaken minangka [[pesawat latih|pesawat latih]]. Tahap kaping kalih bakal dados demonstrator. Lajeng, fase pungkasan bakal dados sistem penuh.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/63bb866f43375|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}} Sistem penuh kasebat inggih punika I-22 varian Multirole lan I-22 varian Superioritas Udara ingkang pancen dados kabetahan primer pertahanan udara saking jinis pesawat tempur</ref> Infoglobal sampun ngawiti Program Sikatan i-22 kanthi tujuan penguasaan teknologi pesawat tempur lan ningali potensi pasar kanthi manfaataken pengalaman lan katrampilanipun ing desain/produksi sistem pesawat ingkang hemat biaya.<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref> === Indo Defence 2022 === Wonten ing acara [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ingkang dipun-awontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022, PT. Infoglobal kanggē kapisanipun ngenalaken mockup saking pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ing arena outdoor booth OD 60.<ref name=":3" /> Mock-up ingkang dipunpameraken inggih punika varian tanpa canard, dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran asli supados gampil dipuntata nalika pengiriman lan taksih rupa mockup kasar. [[File:Mockup I-22 Sikatan Indo Defense 2024.png|thumb|Mockup pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan sesarengan kaliyan pesawat nirawak Wani-23]] === Indo Defence 2024 === Wonten ing pagelaran Indo Defence 2024 ingkang dipun-awontenaken tanggal 11 - 14 Juni 2025, PT Infoglobal nampilaken pangembangan paling anyar saking program i-22 Sikatan, kalebet model kokpit skala penuh lan simulator penerbanganipun. Kehadiran punika nglanjutaken partisipasi perusahaan wonten ing pameran rong taunan kasebat, sasampunipun sadurungipun ugi memamerkan model lan versi berskala luwih cilik ing taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Pamerkan Kokpit Skala Penuh i-22 Sikatan|url=https://gbp.com.sg/regional_stories/infoglobal-pamerkan-kokpit-skala-penuh-i-22-sikatan/|website=GBP|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan Demonstrator ingkang dipun-pameraken nuduhaken kemajuan sajjeroning pangembangan teknologi pesawat tempur, kalebet desain kokpit ingkang modern. Pesawat punika dipunjangkepi fitur [[fly-by-wire]], ing ngendi flight control utawi [[sistem kendali]] penerbangan mlaku kanthi elektronik liwat joystick lan throttle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Unveils Full-Scale i-22 Sikatan Cockpit|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/684bdbe9604cc|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> [[File:Full Scale Cockpit & Demonstrator I-22 Sikatan.jpg|thumb|Kokpit lan demonstrator skala penuh pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ingkang dipunpameraken ing pameran Indo Defense 2024]] Sebagean gedhe konfigurasi avionikipun terintegrasi sajjeroning siji panoramic display berukuran 25”. Layar punika nampilaken macem-macem data, wiwit saking CNI System, Map-based navigation, Fuel & Engine Monitoring System, Integrated Caution and Warning System (ICAWS), nganti tekan Weapon System. i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi IESD minangka backup flight instrument, sarta fitur day/night mode kanggē operasional pesawat ing lingkungan kanthi cahya sithik utawi wektu wengi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instagram/infoglobal|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKy7vc2TLcJ/|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mboten namung wonten ing kokpit, i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) ingkang ngemungaken data penerbangan wigati dipunproyeksikaken langkung menyang [[retina]] pilot liwat tampilan ing helm, saengga nambah kesadaran situasional pilot sajjeroning misi. I-22 dipunproyeksikaken nggunakaken AESA Radar lan sistem Data Link ingkang ngemungaken pesawat punika bertempur kanthi "senyap" tanpa kudu nyalakaken radar aktif ingkang saged dipundeteksi dening mungsuh. == Kontroversi == [[File:The third prototype of the KF-21 Boramae on display at the 2022 Sacheon Airshow.png|thumb|240px|Prototipe kaping tiga KF-21 Boramae.]] I-22 Sikatan sering dipun-tingali negatif mliginipun dening pengamat militer [[Korea Selatan]] lan [[Tiongkok]]. Desain I-22 Sikatan kerep dipunanggep mirip kaliyan [[KAI KF-21 Boramae|KF-21 Boramae]] saking Korea Selatan lan [[Chengdu J-20|J-20]] saking Tiongkok. Malah sawetara pengamat militer Korea Selatan curiga yen wonten ingkang mbocorken teknologi inti KF-21 menyang Indonesia amargi wektu dipun-kenalaken I-22 terlalau 'kebeneran' ing tengah nunggakipun utang Indonesia ing proyek KF-21. Dheweke curiga yen Indonesia bakal metu saking proyek KF-21 lan mbangun I-22 mawi teknologi KF-21 ingkang sampun dipun-gadhahi kanthi meneng-meneng. Nanging, beda kaliyan fakta ing lapangan amargi kebanyakan masyarakat Korea durung ngerti babagan anane I-22 Sikatan. [[File:J-20 at CCAS2022 (20220827103424).jpg|thumb|240px|J-20 Mighty Dragon gadhahipun Tiongkok.]] Sanadyan durung saged dipunpastiaken kasetenanipun, sawetara pengamat militer Tiongkok ugi tumut nuduh yen Indonesia sampun njiplak rancangan pesawat tempur J-20.<ref>{{Cite web|title=除土耳其无人机之外,又多一国仿制我们的歼20,连DSI进气道都有?_印尼_战机_国家|url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/619069242_121432636|website=www.sohu.com|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Sanadyan [[Direktur utama|CEO]] Infoglobal piyambak ngendika yen desain I-22 terinspirasi saking JAS-39 Gripen, nanging mboten saged dipunsangkal yen desain I-22 pancen mirip sanget kaliyan J-20. == Varian (proyeksi) == Wonten tigang versi ingkang dipunrancangkan:<ref name="airspace-review">{{Cite web |last=Sawiyya |first=Rangga Baswara |date=2022-11-06 |title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21 |url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/ |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=Airspace Review |language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Block I''': Generasi kaping 4.5, punika gadhah 2 varian yaiku [[pesawat latih|Pesawat Latih Lanjut]] & [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Pesawat Tempur Multiperan]] kanthi sistem avionik anyar kanggē kabetahan pelatihan pilot lan pertahanan negara saking ancaman pesawat tempur multiperan lintunipun. * '''Block II''': Generasi kaping 5, varian [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Pesawat Tempur Superioritas Udara]], nanging ugi gadhah kemampuan kanggē nindakaken pertempuran dharat, peperangan elektronik, lan [[SIGINT|sinyal intelijen]] kanthi sistem avionik canggih, kompartemen senjata internal lan kemampuan silumanipun sarta berpotensi ngalami pembesaran desain pesawat. * '''Demonstrator Teknologi''': Versi demonstrasi teknologi sadurunge '''Block I'''. == Spesifikasi (proyeksi) == Adhedhasar data spesifikasi.<ref name="jawapos">{{cite news|url=https://infoglobal.co.id/be/api/media/file/1604602.pdf|publisher=Jawa Pos|title=Alutsista Buatan Lokal Siap Tembus Dominasi Global|date=2025-07-01|first=Azami|last=Ramadhan|location=Surabaya|language=id}}</ref> [[File:Infoglobal_I-22_Sikatan_Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block I saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] [[File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block II saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] === Karakteristik Utama === * Kapasitas Kru: 1 utawi 2 * Desain Block 1: Wiwitanipun terinspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]] nanging luwih mirip kaliyan [[Chengdu J-20]], ngadopsi karakter siluman kanthi citra radar rendah lan nggunakaken [[material komposit]] * Desain Block 2: Ngadopsi konfigurasi canard-delta berbasis blended wing-body (BWB), ingkang ngombinasikaken elemen aerodinamis Chengdu J-20 (sirip canard aktif) kaliyan tata letak siluman F-22 Raptor (twin canted tail lan geometri penampang radar rendah). Konstruksi airframe manfaataken Komposit Serat Karbon Lanjut (Advanced CFRP) lan Titanium-Matrix Composite (TMC), dipundhaptarake kaliyan pelapis Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial, Diverterless Supersonic Inlet (DSI), sarta Thrust Vectoring Nozzles (TVN) kanggē nyuda jejak inframerah lan penampang radar (RCS). * Dawane: 12.5&nbsp;m (perkiraan 18m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Jembar sayap: 7m (perkiraan 13m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Dhuwur: 3.5m (5.3m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Bobot: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * [[Berat lepas landas maksimum|Bobot lepas landas maksimum]]: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * Mesin: Dipunsengkuyung dening Mesin Turbofan 2x Reverse engineering / WS-10 series kanggē block 1 (Varian Block 2 durung dipuntentukan, kemungkinan ''Low-bypass Afterburning Turbofan'') * Sistem kontrol: Block 1, Digital Fly-by-Wire (DFBW) Quad-redundant mawi Flight Envelope Protectional mawi layar panorama 25 inci lan Sistem Tampilan Terpasang Helmet-Mounted Display System (HMDS) kanthi integrasi VR/AR. Sauntara punika Block 2, ''Advanced DFBW'' (utawi ''Fly-by-Light'' / FBL) terintegrasi ''Thrust Vector Control'' (TVC) lan kontrol ''High Angle-of-Attack'' (AoA). * Sistem radar: Radar AESA-X (experimental) buatan Infoglobal * Lambung Senjata: Internal Weapon Bay === Fitur siluman === Wonten ing rancangan konsep varian Block 2, I-22 Sikatan dipunproyeksikaken manfaataken lapisan Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial ingkang dipunintegrasikaken ing struktur komposit pesawat. Penggunaan metamaterial punika dipunmaksudaken kanggē nyuda nilai Radar Cross Section (RCS) kanthi nyerap spektrum gelombang radar ingkang luwih jembar (broadband), sarta nyuda bobot fisik yen dipunbandingaken kaliyan RAM konvensional berbasis ferit utawi polimer konduktif kados dene ingkang dipungunakaken ing F-22 Raptor. Sanadyan katulis sajjeroning dokumen spesifikasi target, penggunaan pelapis metamaterial punika taksih mawi status proyeksi teknis jangka dawa. Secara global, pengaplikasian metamaterial ing kerangka pesawat tempur taksih wonten ing tahap riset lan uji coba terbatas, dene fokus pangembangan I-22 Sikatan wektu punika taksih dipunprioritasaken ing varian latih & multiperan (Block 1) lan integrasi avionik. === Performa === * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach udakara 2.350 km/jam nggunakaken twin-engine aircraft (Block 1). * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach nganti 2,6 Mach (udakara 2. 4z5c9hn8a2b56sps145x3uu55daxu0j 1756338 1756337 2026-09-12T08:46:54Z Presiden revanisme 70645 1756338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox aircraft |name=I-22 Sikatan|image=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan Sketchfab.png|caption=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan}}{{Infobox aircraft type|type= Block I [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Zat tempur multiperan]]<br />Block II [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Zat tempur unggul udara]]|national origin=Indonesia|manufacturer=[[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]]|designer=[https://id.linkedin.com/showcase/vlr-consulting-group/ Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa] |first flight=Durung kaweruhan|introduced=|retired=|status=Prototipe (Sajjeroning pangembangan)|primary user=Durung kaweruhan |more users=|produced=|number built= 1 (Mockup)<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref>|unit cost=|developed from=|variants with their own articles=|developed into=}} |} '''Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan''' inggih punika program pangembangan [[pesawat tempur multiperan|zat tempur multiperan]] generasi 4.5 lan [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|zat tempur unggul udara]] generasi 5 [[Indonesia]] ingkang dipuntindakaken dening [[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Zat tempur punika dipunrancang minangka zat tempur ukuran menengah-ngeboti kanthi mesin ganda, kursi ganda, mawi sistem [[avionik]] modern lan fitur berkinerja dhuwur, supados saged ngebaki peran wigati minangka sarana pelatihan penerbang modern liwat kinerja ingkang sae piyambak. Mockup saking zat tempur punika sampun dipunpameraken wonten ing arena njawi [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ing booth OD 60 ingkang dipunawontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Rizkia|first=Zulaika|date=2023-11-13|title=I-22 Sikatan Dikembangkan Bukan Buat TNI AU Tapi Infoglobal Rela Kucurkan Uang Karena Indonesia Ternyata Punya Bidikan - Zona Jakarta|url=https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan|website=Zona Jakarta|language=id|access-date=2024-02-21}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan minangka program pangembangan zat tempur kaping kalih ingkang dipuntindakaken dening Indonesia. Sadurungipun, Indonesia, liwat [[Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional|LAPAN]], nate ngembangaken zat tempur multiperan siluman generasi kaping gansal kanthi nama [[LAPAN Fighter Experimental (LFX)]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Liputan6.com|date=2014-04-22|title=LFX, Pengembangan Pesawat Tempur Indonesia yang Tertunda|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2040091/lfx-pengembangan-pesawat-tempur-indonesia-yang-tertunda|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-06-30}}</ref> ing taun 2012, nanging program kasebat dipunbekukaken ing taun 2013 nganti sapriki tanpa wonten kajelasan. == Sistem Penamaan == Aksara "I" ing nama pesawat dipunpendhet saking nama perusahaan ingkang ndamel, yaiku Infoglobal, dene angka "22" nuduhaken taun 2022 ing ngendi mock-up pesawat punika kapisan dipuntampilaken wonten ing acara Indo Defence Expo & Forum.<ref name=":0" /> Sauntara punika, nama Sikatan dipunpendhet saking nama jinis manuk [[Ficedula|Sikatan]] ingkang kathah dipunpanggangi ing sawetara negara [[Asia Tenggara]]. Manuk punika misuwur amargi trampil lan gesit nalika miber. Paring nama Sikatan marang pesawat I-22 punika gadhah pangarep-arep benjang I-22 saged miber kanthi gesit kados dene manuk Sikatan ing alam liar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Aksara Purwaka === Beda kaliyan Amerika Serikat lan Tiongkok ingkang penamaan pesawatipun nggunakaken aksara purwaka (awalan) kanggē nuduhaken fungsi saking pesawat kasebat,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Cracking the Aircraft Designation Code|url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/cracking-aircraft-designation-code|website=U.S. Naval Institute|language=en|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Military Aircraft Designations|url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html|website=designation-systems.net|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> I-22 malah nggunakaken nama perusahaan pembuatipun minangka aksara purwaka. Sistem penamaan punika sami kados ingkang dipun-damel dening [[Rusia]] kanggē pesawat-pesawatipun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-19|title=Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_military_aircraft_designation_systems&oldid=1150608769|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Minangka conto, aksara SU ing pesawat [[Sukhoi Su-57|Su-57]] nuduhaken perusahaan pembuatipun yaiku [[Sukhoi]]. Bab punika berlaku kanggē meh sedaya pesawat Rusia<ref name=":2" /> kados TU kanggē [[Tupolev]], MIG kanggē [[Mikoyan]], IL kanggē [[Ilyushin]], lan taksih kathah maneh. Beda kaliyan Amerika lan Tiongkok ingkang aksara purwakanipun nuduhaken fungsi pesawat, kados F kanggē Fighter, J kanggē Jianjiji (fighter), B kanggē Bomber, H kanggē Hongzhaji (bomber), lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /> Nanging bab punika mboten ateges sedaya pesawat tempur buatan Indonesia ing tembe bakal nggunakaken sistem penamaan kasebat, amargi nama I-22 Sikatan mboten dipunparingi dening pemerintah, nanging dening perusahaan Infoglobal piyambak. == Desain == Konsep desain I-22 Sikatan dipungagas nindakaken kerja sami kaliyan firma desain kedirgantaraan lokal [[Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurw|date=2022-11-26|title=DEFENSE STUDIES: Menengok Konsep Pesawat Tempur Generasi 4,5 dari Infoglobal|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2022/11/menengok-konsep-pesawat-tempur-generasi.html|website=DEFENSE STUDIES|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> ingkang dipunpangarsi dening tilas penerbang kendaraan udara nirawak komersial ([[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]), Sunanto Ajidarmo. Wonten pameran kasebat, Sunanto ngandharaken i-22 Sikatan minangka konsep pesawat tempur bermesin ganda kanthi desain ingkang dipun-inspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Militer|first=Garuda|date=Kamis, 08 Desember 2022|title=Garuda Militer: i-22 Sikatan Infoglobal|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2022/12/i-22-sikatan-infoglobal.html#|website=Garuda Militer|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indo Defence 2022: Indonesian aerospace firm unveils 4.5-generation fighter concept|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Desain punika nyajikaken wujud [[Penampang lintang radar|penampang radar]] ingkang dipunsuda lan kathah-kathahipun nggunakaken bahan komposit kanggē nambah karakter silumanipun.[[File:Saab JAS 39 Gripen at Kaivopuisto Air Show, June 2017 (altered) copy.jpg|thumb|240px|Saab JAS 39 Gripen wonten ing pagelaran Kaivopuisto Air Show.]] I-22 Sikatan gadhah dimensi ingkang ringkes kanthi dawa 12,5 meter, [[rentang sayap|jembar sayap]] 7 meter, lan dhuwur 3,5 meter. Pesawat punika sengaja dirancang mawi ukuran cilik amargi bakal dipun-ngangge minangka pesawat tempur utama lan saged dipun-ginakaken kanggē patroli jarak tebih.<ref>https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept</ref> Sudut kemiringan sirip jejegipun dipunrancang kanggē mbuwang pantulan gelombang radar menyang samping, sanes wangsul menyang sumber radar mungsuh. Garis tajam ingkang dawa saking irung nganti tekan sayap (chine) gadhah fungsi memecah turbulensi sarta nyuda Radar Cross Section (RCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> Konsep punika gadhah kalih varian – satunggal mawi konfigurasi sayap canard, lan satunggal malih tanpa sayap canard. Konfigurasi sayap canard gadhah jembar sayap 9 meter, dene ingkang mboten gadhah sayap canard jembar sayapipun 9,6 meter. Loro-loronipun konsep kasebat dipunrancang jangkep wonten ing njero negeri dening para insinyur dirgantara lokal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KASKUS|title=Indo Defence 2022: PT Infoglobal Tampilkan Mockup Jet Tempur i-22 Sikatan|url=https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/6368ea4f68f1707c384efdfb/indo-defence-2022-pt-infoglobal-tampilkan-mockup-jet-tempur-i-22-sikatan|website=KASKUS|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mock-up ingkang dipun-pameraken ing Indo Defence 2022 inggih punika varian tanpa canard, lan dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran aslinipun kanggē nggampilaken pangaturan pengiriman lan taksih wujud mockup kasar. Infoglobal ngrancang nggunakaken mesin saking Hawk Mk.209 kanggē prototipe kapisanipun, nanging wonten spekulasi ing tembe wingking babagan potensi panganggean [[mesin jet]] asil reverse engineering.<ref>https://tni-au.mil.id/berita/detail/depohar-30-dislitbangau-dan-pt-its-berkolaborasi-dalam-reverse-engineering-pesawat-hawk-mk-209</ref> == Pangembangan == Program pangembangan bakal dipuntindakaken wonten ing tigang tahap. Wonten ing tahap kapisan, pesawat bakal dipun-kembangaken minangka [[pesawat latih|pesawat latih]]. Tahap kaping kalih bakal dados demonstrator. Lajeng, fase pungkasan bakal dados sistem penuh.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/63bb866f43375|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}} Sistem penuh kasebat inggih punika I-22 varian Multirole lan I-22 varian Superioritas Udara ingkang pancen dados kabetahan primer pertahanan udara saking jinis pesawat tempur</ref> Infoglobal sampun ngawiti Program Sikatan i-22 kanthi tujuan penguasaan teknologi pesawat tempur lan ningali potensi pasar kanthi manfaataken pengalaman lan katrampilanipun ing desain/produksi sistem pesawat ingkang hemat biaya.<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref> === Indo Defence 2022 === Wonten ing acara [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ingkang dipun-awontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022, PT. Infoglobal kanggē kapisanipun ngenalaken mockup saking pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ing arena outdoor booth OD 60.<ref name=":3" /> Mock-up ingkang dipunpameraken inggih punika varian tanpa canard, dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran asli supados gampil dipuntata nalika pengiriman lan taksih rupa mockup kasar. [[File:Mockup I-22 Sikatan Indo Defense 2024.png|thumb|Mockup pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan sesarengan kaliyan pesawat nirawak Wani-23]] === Indo Defence 2024 === Wonten ing pagelaran Indo Defence 2024 ingkang dipun-awontenaken tanggal 11 - 14 Juni 2025, PT Infoglobal nampilaken pangembangan paling anyar saking program i-22 Sikatan, kalebet model kokpit skala penuh lan simulator penerbanganipun. Kehadiran punika nglanjutaken partisipasi perusahaan wonten ing pameran rong taunan kasebat, sasampunipun sadurungipun ugi memamerkan model lan versi berskala luwih cilik ing taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Pamerkan Kokpit Skala Penuh i-22 Sikatan|url=https://gbp.com.sg/regional_stories/infoglobal-pamerkan-kokpit-skala-penuh-i-22-sikatan/|website=GBP|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan Demonstrator ingkang dipun-pameraken nuduhaken kemajuan sajjeroning pangembangan teknologi pesawat tempur, kalebet desain kokpit ingkang modern. Pesawat punika dipunjangkepi fitur [[fly-by-wire]], ing ngendi flight control utawi [[sistem kendali]] penerbangan mlaku kanthi elektronik liwat joystick lan throttle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Unveils Full-Scale i-22 Sikatan Cockpit|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/684bdbe9604cc|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> [[File:Full Scale Cockpit & Demonstrator I-22 Sikatan.jpg|thumb|Kokpit lan demonstrator skala penuh pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ingkang dipunpameraken ing pameran Indo Defense 2024]] Sebagean gedhe konfigurasi avionikipun terintegrasi sajjeroning siji panoramic display berukuran 25”. Layar punika nampilaken macem-macem data, wiwit saking CNI System, Map-based navigation, Fuel & Engine Monitoring System, Integrated Caution and Warning System (ICAWS), nganti tekan Weapon System. i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi IESD minangka backup flight instrument, sarta fitur day/night mode kanggē operasional pesawat ing lingkungan kanthi cahya sithik utawi wektu wengi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instagram/infoglobal|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKy7vc2TLcJ/|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mboten namung wonten ing kokpit, i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) ingkang ngemungaken data penerbangan wigati dipunproyeksikaken langkung menyang [[retina]] pilot liwat tampilan ing helm, saengga nambah kesadaran situasional pilot sajjeroning misi. I-22 dipunproyeksikaken nggunakaken AESA Radar lan sistem Data Link ingkang ngemungaken pesawat punika bertempur kanthi "senyap" tanpa kudu nyalakaken radar aktif ingkang saged dipundeteksi dening mungsuh. == Kontroversi == [[File:The third prototype of the KF-21 Boramae on display at the 2022 Sacheon Airshow.png|thumb|240px|Prototipe kaping tiga KF-21 Boramae.]] I-22 Sikatan sering dipun-tingali negatif mliginipun dening pengamat militer [[Korea Selatan]] lan [[Tiongkok]]. Desain I-22 Sikatan kerep dipunanggep mirip kaliyan [[KAI KF-21 Boramae|KF-21 Boramae]] saking Korea Selatan lan [[Chengdu J-20|J-20]] saking Tiongkok. Malah sawetara pengamat militer Korea Selatan curiga yen wonten ingkang mbocorken teknologi inti KF-21 menyang Indonesia amargi wektu dipun-kenalaken I-22 terlalau 'kebeneran' ing tengah nunggakipun utang Indonesia ing proyek KF-21. Dheweke curiga yen Indonesia bakal metu saking proyek KF-21 lan mbangun I-22 mawi teknologi KF-21 ingkang sampun dipun-gadhahi kanthi meneng-meneng. Nanging, beda kaliyan fakta ing lapangan amargi kebanyakan masyarakat Korea durung ngerti babagan anane I-22 Sikatan. [[File:J-20 at CCAS2022 (20220827103424).jpg|thumb|240px|J-20 Mighty Dragon gadhahipun Tiongkok.]] Sanadyan durung saged dipunpastiaken kasetenanipun, sawetara pengamat militer Tiongkok ugi tumut nuduh yen Indonesia sampun njiplak rancangan pesawat tempur J-20.<ref>{{Cite web|title=除土耳其无人机之外,又多一国仿制我们的歼20,连DSI进气道都有?_印尼_战机_国家|url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/619069242_121432636|website=www.sohu.com|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Sanadyan [[Direktur utama|CEO]] Infoglobal piyambak ngendika yen desain I-22 terinspirasi saking JAS-39 Gripen, nanging mboten saged dipunsangkal yen desain I-22 pancen mirip sanget kaliyan J-20. == Varian (proyeksi) == Wonten tigang versi ingkang dipunrancangkan:<ref name="airspace-review">{{Cite web |last=Sawiyya |first=Rangga Baswara |date=2022-11-06 |title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21 |url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/ |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=Airspace Review |language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Block I''': Generasi kaping 4.5, punika gadhah 2 varian yaiku [[pesawat latih|Pesawat Latih Lanjut]] & [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Pesawat Tempur Multiperan]] kanthi sistem avionik anyar kanggē kabetahan pelatihan pilot lan pertahanan negara saking ancaman pesawat tempur multiperan lintunipun. * '''Block II''': Generasi kaping 5, varian [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Pesawat Tempur Superioritas Udara]], nanging ugi gadhah kemampuan kanggē nindakaken pertempuran dharat, peperangan elektronik, lan [[SIGINT|sinyal intelijen]] kanthi sistem avionik canggih, kompartemen senjata internal lan kemampuan silumanipun sarta berpotensi ngalami pembesaran desain pesawat. * '''Demonstrator Teknologi''': Versi demonstrasi teknologi sadurunge '''Block I'''. == Spesifikasi (proyeksi) == Adhedhasar data spesifikasi.<ref name="jawapos">{{cite news|url=https://infoglobal.co.id/be/api/media/file/1604602.pdf|publisher=Jawa Pos|title=Alutsista Buatan Lokal Siap Tembus Dominasi Global|date=2025-07-01|first=Azami|last=Ramadhan|location=Surabaya|language=id}}</ref> [[File:Infoglobal_I-22_Sikatan_Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block I saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] [[File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block II saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] === Karakteristik Utama === * Kapasitas Kru: 1 utawi 2 * Desain Block 1: Wiwitanipun terinspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]] nanging luwih mirip kaliyan [[Chengdu J-20]], ngadopsi karakter siluman kanthi citra radar rendah lan nggunakaken [[material komposit]] * Desain Block 2: Ngadopsi konfigurasi canard-delta berbasis blended wing-body (BWB), ingkang ngombinasikaken elemen aerodinamis Chengdu J-20 (sirip canard aktif) kaliyan tata letak siluman F-22 Raptor (twin canted tail lan geometri penampang radar rendah). Konstruksi airframe manfaataken Komposit Serat Karbon Lanjut (Advanced CFRP) lan Titanium-Matrix Composite (TMC), dipundhaptarake kaliyan pelapis Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial, Diverterless Supersonic Inlet (DSI), sarta Thrust Vectoring Nozzles (TVN) kanggē nyuda jejak inframerah lan penampang radar (RCS). * Dawane: 12.5&nbsp;m (perkiraan 18m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Jembar sayap: 7m (perkiraan 13m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Dhuwur: 3.5m (5.3m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Bobot: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * [[Berat lepas landas maksimum|Bobot lepas landas maksimum]]: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * Mesin: Dipunsengkuyung dening Mesin Turbofan 2x Reverse engineering / WS-10 series kanggē block 1 (Varian Block 2 durung dipuntentukan, kemungkinan ''Low-bypass Afterburning Turbofan'') * Sistem kontrol: Block 1, Digital Fly-by-Wire (DFBW) Quad-redundant mawi Flight Envelope Protectional mawi layar panorama 25 inci lan Sistem Tampilan Terpasang Helmet-Mounted Display System (HMDS) kanthi integrasi VR/AR. Sauntara punika Block 2, ''Advanced DFBW'' (utawi ''Fly-by-Light'' / FBL) terintegrasi ''Thrust Vector Control'' (TVC) lan kontrol ''High Angle-of-Attack'' (AoA). * Sistem radar: Radar AESA-X (experimental) buatan Infoglobal * Lambung Senjata: Internal Weapon Bay === Fitur siluman === Wonten ing rancangan konsep varian Block 2, I-22 Sikatan dipunproyeksikaken manfaataken lapisan Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial ingkang dipunintegrasikaken ing struktur komposit pesawat. Penggunaan metamaterial punika dipunmaksudaken kanggē nyuda nilai Radar Cross Section (RCS) kanthi nyerap spektrum gelombang radar ingkang luwih jembar (broadband), sarta nyuda bobot fisik yen dipunbandingaken kaliyan RAM konvensional berbasis ferit utawi polimer konduktif kados dene ingkang dipungunakaken ing F-22 Raptor. Sanadyan katulis sajjeroning dokumen spesifikasi target, penggunaan pelapis metamaterial punika taksih mawi status proyeksi teknis jangka dawa. Secara global, pengaplikasian metamaterial ing kerangka pesawat tempur taksih wonten ing tahap riset lan uji coba terbatas, dene fokus pangembangan I-22 Sikatan wektu punika taksih dipunprioritasaken ing varian latih & multiperan (Block 1) lan integrasi avionik. === Performa === * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach udakara 2.350 km/jam nggunakaken twin-engine aircraft (Block 1). * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach nganti 2,6 Mach (udakara 2. t971s36xmu00s7owt3oqzczgw8xkvua 1756339 1756338 2026-09-12T08:47:56Z Presiden revanisme 70645 1756339 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox aircraft |name=I-22 Sikatan|image=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan Sketchfab.png|caption=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan}}{{Infobox aircraft type|type= Block I [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Zat tempur multiperan]]<br />Block II [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Zat tempur unggul udara]]|national origin=Indonesia|manufacturer=[[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]]|designer=[https://id.linkedin.com/showcase/vlr-consulting-group/ Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa] |first flight=Durung kaweruhan|introduced=|retired=|status=Prototipe (Sajjeroning pangembangan)|primary user=Durung kaweruhan |more users=|produced=|number built= 1 (Mockup)<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref>|unit cost=|developed from=|variants with their own articles=|developed into=}} |} '''Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan''' inggih punika program pangembangan [[pesawat tempur multiperan|zat tempur multiperan]] generasi 4.5 lan [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|zat tempur unggul udara]] generasi 5 [[Indonesia]] ingkang dipuntindakaken dening [[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Zat tempur punika dipunrancang minangka zat tempur ukuran menengah-ngeboti kanthi mesin ganda, kursi ganda, mawi sistem [[avionik]] modern lan fitur berkinerja dhuwur, supados saged ngebaki peran wigati minangka sarana pelatihan penerbang modern liwat kinerja ingkang sae piyambak. Mockup saking zat tempur punika sampun dipunpameraken wonten ing arena njawi [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ing booth OD 60 ingkang dipunawontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Rizkia|first=Zulaika|date=2023-11-13|title=I-22 Sikatan Dikembangkan Bukan Buat TNI AU Tapi Infoglobal Rela Kucurkan Uang Karena Indonesia Ternyata Punya Bidikan - Zona Jakarta|url=https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan|website=Zona Jakarta|language=id|access-date=2024-02-21}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan minangka program pangembangan zat tempur kaping kalih ingkang dipuntindakaken dening Indonesia. Sadurungipun, Indonesia, liwat [[Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional|LAPAN]], nate ngembangaken zat tempur multiperan siluman generasi kaping gansal kanthi nama [[LAPAN Fighter Experimental (LFX)]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Liputan6.com|date=2014-04-22|title=LFX, Pengembangan Pesawat Tempur Indonesia yang Tertunda|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2040091/lfx-pengembangan-pesawat-tempur-indonesia-yang-tertunda|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-06-30}}</ref> ing taun 2012, nanging program kasebat dipunbekukaken ing taun 2013 nganti sapriki tanpa wonten kajelasan. == Sistem Penamaan == Aksara "I" ing nama pesawat dipunpendhet saking nama perusahaan ingkang ndamel, yaiku Infoglobal, dene angka "22" nuduhaken taun 2022 ing ngendi mock-up pesawat punika kapisan dipuntampilaken wonten ing acara Indo Defence Expo & Forum.<ref name=":0" /> Sauntara punika, nama Sikatan dipunpendhet saking nama jinis manuk [[Ficedula|Sikatan]] ingkang kathah dipunpanggangi ing sawetara negara [[Asia Tenggara]]. Manuk punika misuwur amargi trampil lan gesit nalika miber. Paring nama Sikatan marang pesawat I-22 punika gadhah pangarep-arep benjang I-22 saged miber kanthi gesit kados dene manuk Sikatan ing alam liar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Aksara Purwaka === Beda kaliyan Amerika Serikat lan Tiongkok ingkang penamaan pesawatipun nggunakaken aksara purwaka (awalan) kanggē nuduhaken fungsi saking pesawat kasebat,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Cracking the Aircraft Designation Code|url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/cracking-aircraft-designation-code|website=U.S. Naval Institute|language=en|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Military Aircraft Designations|url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html|website=designation-systems.net|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> I-22 malah nggunakaken nama perusahaan pembuatipun minangka aksara purwaka. Sistem penamaan punika sami kados ingkang dipun-damel dening [[Rusia]] kanggē pesawat-pesawatipun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-19|title=Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_military_aircraft_designation_systems&oldid=1150608769|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Minangka conto, aksara SU ing pesawat [[Sukhoi Su-57|Su-57]] nuduhaken perusahaan pembuatipun yaiku [[Sukhoi]]. Bab punika berlaku kanggē meh sedaya pesawat Rusia<ref name=":2" /> kados TU kanggē [[Tupolev]], MIG kanggē [[Mikoyan]], IL kanggē [[Ilyushin]], lan taksih kathah maneh. Beda kaliyan Amerika lan Tiongkok ingkang aksara purwakanipun nuduhaken fungsi pesawat, kados F kanggē Fighter, J kanggē Jianjiji (fighter), B kanggē Bomber, H kanggē Hongzhaji (bomber), lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /> Nanging bab punika mboten ateges sedaya pesawat tempur buatan Indonesia ing tembe bakal nggunakaken sistem penamaan kasebat, amargi nama I-22 Sikatan mboten dipunparingi dening pemerintah, nanging dening perusahaan Infoglobal piyambak. == Desain == Konsep desain I-22 Sikatan dipungagas nindakaken kerja sami kaliyan firma desain kedirgantaraan lokal [[Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurw|date=2022-11-26|title=DEFENSE STUDIES: Menengok Konsep Pesawat Tempur Generasi 4,5 dari Infoglobal|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2022/11/menengok-konsep-pesawat-tempur-generasi.html|website=DEFENSE STUDIES|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> ingkang dipunpangarsi dening tilas penerbang kendaraan udara nirawak komersial ([[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]), Sunanto Ajidarmo. Wonten pameran kasebat, Sunanto ngandharaken i-22 Sikatan minangka konsep pesawat tempur bermesin ganda kanthi desain ingkang dipun-inspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Militer|first=Garuda|date=Kamis, 08 Desember 2022|title=Garuda Militer: i-22 Sikatan Infoglobal|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2022/12/i-22-sikatan-infoglobal.html#|website=Garuda Militer|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indo Defence 2022: Indonesian aerospace firm unveils 4.5-generation fighter concept|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Desain punika nyajikaken wujud [[Penampang lintang radar|penampang radar]] ingkang dipunsuda lan kathah-kathahipun nggunakaken bahan komposit kanggē nambah karakter silumanipun.[[File:Saab JAS 39 Gripen at Kaivopuisto Air Show, June 2017 (altered) copy.jpg|thumb|240px|Saab JAS 39 Gripen wonten ing pagelaran Kaivopuisto Air Show.]] I-22 Sikatan gadhah dimensi ingkang ringkes kanthi dawa 12,5 meter, [[rentang sayap|jembar sayap]] 7 meter, lan dhuwur 3,5 meter. Pesawat punika sengaja dirancang mawi ukuran cilik amargi bakal dipun-ngangge minangka pesawat tempur utama lan saged dipun-ginakaken kanggē patroli jarak tebih.<ref>https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept</ref> Sudut kemiringan sirip jejegipun dipunrancang kanggē mbuwang pantulan gelombang radar menyang samping, sanes wangsul menyang sumber radar mungsuh. Garis tajam ingkang dawa saking irung nganti tekan sayap (chine) gadhah fungsi memecah turbulensi sarta nyuda Radar Cross Section (RCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> Konsep punika gadhah kalih varian – satunggal mawi konfigurasi sayap canard, lan satunggal malih tanpa sayap canard. Konfigurasi sayap canard gadhah jembar sayap 9 meter, dene ingkang mboten gadhah sayap canard jembar sayapipun 9,6 meter. Loro-loronipun konsep kasebat dipunrancang jangkep wonten ing njero negeri dening para insinyur dirgantara lokal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KASKUS|title=Indo Defence 2022: PT Infoglobal Tampilkan Mockup Jet Tempur i-22 Sikatan|url=https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/6368ea4f68f1707c384efdfb/indo-defence-2022-pt-infoglobal-tampilkan-mockup-jet-tempur-i-22-sikatan|website=KASKUS|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mock-up ingkang dipun-pameraken ing Indo Defence 2022 inggih punika varian tanpa canard, lan dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran aslinipun kanggē nggampilaken pangaturan pengiriman lan taksih wujud mockup kasar. Infoglobal ngrancang nggunakaken mesin saking Hawk Mk.209 kanggē prototipe kapisanipun, nanging wonten spekulasi ing tembe wingking babagan potensi panganggean [[mesin jet]] asil reverse engineering.<ref>https://tni-au.mil.id/berita/detail/depohar-30-dislitbangau-dan-pt-its-berkolaborasi-dalam-reverse-engineering-pesawat-hawk-mk-209</ref> == Pangembangan == Program pangembangan bakal dipuntindakaken wonten ing tigang tahap. Wonten ing tahap kapisan, pesawat bakal dipun-kembangaken minangka [[pesawat latih|pesawat latih]]. Tahap kaping kalih bakal dados demonstrator. Lajeng, fase pungkasan bakal dados sistem penuh.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/63bb866f43375|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}} Sistem penuh kasebat inggih punika I-22 varian Multirole lan I-22 varian Superioritas Udara ingkang pancen dados kabetahan primer pertahanan udara saking jinis pesawat tempur</ref> Infoglobal sampun ngawiti Program Sikatan i-22 kanthi tujuan penguasaan teknologi pesawat tempur lan ningali potensi pasar kanthi manfaataken pengalaman lan katrampilanipun ing desain/produksi sistem pesawat ingkang hemat biaya.<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref> === Indo Defence 2022 === Wonten ing acara [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ingkang dipun-awontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022, PT. Infoglobal kanggē kapisanipun ngenalaken mockup saking pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ing arena outdoor booth OD 60.<ref name=":3" /> Mock-up ingkang dipunpameraken inggih punika varian tanpa canard, dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran asli supados gampil dipuntata nalika pengiriman lan taksih rupa mockup kasar. [[File:Mockup I-22 Sikatan Indo Defense 2024.png|thumb|Mockup pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan sesarengan kaliyan pesawat nirawak Wani-23]] === Indo Defence 2024 === Wonten ing pagelaran Indo Defence 2024 ingkang dipun-awontenaken tanggal 11 - 14 Juni 2025, PT Infoglobal nampilaken pangembangan paling anyar saking program i-22 Sikatan, kalebet model kokpit skala penuh lan simulator penerbanganipun. Kehadiran punika nglanjutaken partisipasi perusahaan wonten ing pameran rong taunan kasebat, sasampunipun sadurungipun ugi memamerkan model lan versi berskala luwih cilik ing taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Pamerkan Kokpit Skala Penuh i-22 Sikatan|url=https://gbp.com.sg/regional_stories/infoglobal-pamerkan-kokpit-skala-penuh-i-22-sikatan/|website=GBP|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan Demonstrator ingkang dipun-pameraken nuduhaken kemajuan sajjeroning pangembangan teknologi pesawat tempur, kalebet desain kokpit ingkang modern. Pesawat punika dipunjangkepi fitur [[fly-by-wire]], ing ngendi flight control utawi [[sistem kendali]] penerbangan mlaku kanthi elektronik liwat joystick lan throttle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Unveils Full-Scale i-22 Sikatan Cockpit|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/684bdbe9604cc|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> [[File:Full Scale Cockpit & Demonstrator I-22 Sikatan.jpg|thumb|Kokpit lan demonstrator skala penuh pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ingkang dipunpameraken ing pameran Indo Defense 2024]] Sebagean gedhe konfigurasi avionikipun terintegrasi sajjeroning siji panoramic display berukuran 25”. Layar punika nampilaken macem-macem data, wiwit saking CNI System, Map-based navigation, Fuel & Engine Monitoring System, Integrated Caution and Warning System (ICAWS), nganti tekan Weapon System. i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi IESD minangka backup flight instrument, sarta fitur day/night mode kanggē operasional pesawat ing lingkungan kanthi cahya sithik utawi wektu wengi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instagram/infoglobal|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKy7vc2TLcJ/|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mboten namung wonten ing kokpit, i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) ingkang ngemungaken data penerbangan wigati dipunproyeksikaken langkung menyang [[retina]] pilot liwat tampilan ing helm, saengga nambah kesadaran situasional pilot sajjeroning misi. I-22 dipunproyeksikaken nggunakaken AESA Radar lan sistem Data Link ingkang ngemungaken pesawat punika bertempur kanthi "senyap" tanpa kudu nyalakaken radar aktif ingkang saged dipundeteksi dening mungsuh. == Kontroversi == [[File:The third prototype of the KF-21 Boramae on display at the 2022 Sacheon Airshow.png|thumb|240px|Prototipe kaping tiga KF-21 Boramae.]] I-22 Sikatan sering dipun-tingali negatif mliginipun dening pengamat militer [[Korea Selatan]] lan [[Tiongkok]]. Desain I-22 Sikatan kerep dipunanggep mirip kaliyan [[KAI KF-21 Boramae|KF-21 Boramae]] saking Korea Selatan lan [[Chengdu J-20|J-20]] saking Tiongkok. Malah sawetara pengamat militer Korea Selatan curiga yen wonten ingkang mbocorken teknologi inti KF-21 menyang Indonesia amargi wektu dipun-kenalaken I-22 terlalau 'kebeneran' ing tengah nunggakipun utang Indonesia ing proyek KF-21. Dheweke curiga yen Indonesia bakal metu saking proyek KF-21 lan mbangun I-22 mawi teknologi KF-21 ingkang sampun dipun-gadhahi kanthi meneng-meneng. Nanging, beda kaliyan fakta ing lapangan amargi kebanyakan masyarakat Korea durung ngerti babagan anane I-22 Sikatan. [[File:J-20 at CCAS2022 (20220827103424).jpg|thumb|240px|J-20 Mighty Dragon gadhahipun Tiongkok.]] Sanadyan durung saged dipunpastiaken kasetenanipun, sawetara pengamat militer Tiongkok ugi tumut nuduh yen Indonesia sampun njiplak rancangan pesawat tempur J-20.<ref>{{Cite web|title=除土耳其无人机之外,又多一国仿制我们的歼20,连DSI进气道都有?_印尼_战机_国家|url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/619069242_121432636|website=www.sohu.com|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Sanadyan [[Direktur utama|CEO]] Infoglobal piyambak ngendika yen desain I-22 terinspirasi saking JAS-39 Gripen, nanging mboten saged dipunsangkal yen desain I-22 pancen mirip sanget kaliyan J-20. == Varian (proyeksi) == Wonten tigang versi ingkang dipunrancangkan:<ref name="airspace-review">{{Cite web |last=Sawiyya |first=Rangga Baswara |date=2022-11-06 |title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21 |url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/ |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=Airspace Review |language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Block I''': Generasi kaping 4.5, punika gadhah 2 varian yaiku [[pesawat latih|Pesawat Latih Lanjut]] & [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Pesawat Tempur Multiperan]] kanthi sistem avionik anyar kanggē kabetahan pelatihan pilot lan pertahanan negara saking ancaman pesawat tempur multiperan lintunipun. * '''Block II''': Generasi kaping 5, varian [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Pesawat Tempur Superioritas Udara]], nanging ugi gadhah kemampuan kanggē nindakaken pertempuran dharat, peperangan elektronik, lan [[SIGINT|sinyal intelijen]] kanthi sistem avionik canggih, kompartemen senjata internal lan kemampuan silumanipun sarta berpotensi ngalami pembesaran desain pesawat. * '''Demonstrator Teknologi''': Versi demonstrasi teknologi sadurunge '''Block I'''. == Spesifikasi (proyeksi) == Adhedhasar data spesifikasi.<ref name="jawapos">{{cite news|url=https://infoglobal.co.id/be/api/media/file/1604602.pdf|publisher=Jawa Pos|title=Alutsista Buatan Lokal Siap Tembus Dominasi Global|date=2025-07-01|first=Azami|last=Ramadhan|location=Surabaya|language=id}}</ref> [[File:Infoglobal_I-22_Sikatan_Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block I saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] [[File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block II saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] === Karakteristik Utama === * Kapasitas Kru: 1 utawi 2 * Desain Block 1: Wiwitanipun terinspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]] nanging luwih mirip kaliyan [[Chengdu J-20]], ngadopsi karakter siluman kanthi citra radar rendah lan nggunakaken [[material komposit]] * Desain Block 2: Ngadopsi konfigurasi canard-delta berbasis blended wing-body (BWB), ingkang ngombinasikaken elemen aerodinamis Chengdu J-20 (sirip canard aktif) kaliyan tata letak siluman F-22 Raptor (twin canted tail lan geometri penampang radar rendah). Konstruksi airframe manfaataken Komposit Serat Karbon Lanjut (Advanced CFRP) lan Titanium-Matrix Composite (TMC), dipundhaptarake kaliyan pelapis Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial, Diverterless Supersonic Inlet (DSI), sarta Thrust Vectoring Nozzles (TVN) kanggē nyuda jejak inframerah lan penampang radar (RCS). * Dawane: 12.5&nbsp;m (perkiraan 18m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Jembar sayap: 7m (perkiraan 13m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Dhuwur: 3.5m (5.3m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Bobot: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * [[Berat lepas landas maksimum|Bobot lepas landas maksimum]]: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * Mesin: Dipunsengkuyung dening Mesin Turbofan 2x Reverse engineering / WS-10 series kanggē block 1 (Varian Block 2 durung dipuntentukan, kemungkinan ''Low-bypass Afterburning Turbofan'') * Sistem kontrol: Block 1, Digital Fly-by-Wire (DFBW) Quad-redundant mawi Flight Envelope Protectional mawi layar panorama 25 inci lan Sistem Tampilan Terpasang Helmet-Mounted Display System (HMDS) kanthi integrasi VR/AR. Sauntara punika Block 2, ''Advanced DFBW'' (utawi ''Fly-by-Light'' / FBL) terintegrasi ''Thrust Vector Control'' (TVC) lan kontrol ''High Angle-of-Attack'' (AoA). * Sistem radar: Radar AESA-X (experimental) buatan Infoglobal * Lambung Senjata: Internal Weapon Bay === Fitur siluman === Wonten ing rancangan konsep varian Block 2, I-22 Sikatan dipunproyeksikaken manfaataken lapisan Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial ingkang dipunintegrasikaken ing struktur komposit pesawat. Penggunaan metamaterial punika dipunmaksudaken kanggē nyuda nilai Radar Cross Section (RCS) kanthi nyerap spektrum gelombang radar ingkang luwih jembar (broadband), sarta nyuda bobot fisik yen dipunbandingaken kaliyan RAM konvensional berbasis ferit utawi polimer konduktif kados dene ingkang dipungunakaken ing F-22 Raptor. Sanadyan katulis sajjeroning dokumen spesifikasi target, penggunaan pelapis metamaterial punika taksih mawi status proyeksi teknis jangka dawa. Secara global, pengaplikasian metamaterial ing kerangka pesawat tempur taksih wonten ing tahap riset lan uji coba terbatas, dene fokus pangembangan I-22 Sikatan wektu punika taksih dipunprioritasaken ing varian latih & multiperan (Block 1) lan integrasi avionik. === Performa === * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach udakara 2.350 km/jam nggunakaken twin-engine aircraft (Block 1). * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach nganti 2,6 Mach (udakara 2. b0lfx37te6qc364427fjphv53yt0xrr 1756340 1756339 2026-09-12T08:48:55Z Presiden revanisme 70645 1756340 wikitext text/x-wiki {|{{Infobox aircraft begin|name=I-22 Sikatan|image=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan Sketchfab.png|caption=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan}}{{Infobox aircraft type|type= Block I [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Zat tempur multiperan]]<br />Block II [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Zat tempur unggul udara]]|national origin=Indonesia|manufacturer=[[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]]|designer=[https://id.linkedin.com/showcase/vlr-consulting-group/ Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa] |first flight=Durung kaweruhan|introduced=|retired=|status=Prototipe (Sajjeroning pangembangan)|primary user=Durung kaweruhan |more users=|produced=|number built= 1 (Mockup)<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref>|unit cost=|developed from=|variants with their own articles=|developed into=}} |} '''Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan''' inggih punika program pangembangan [[pesawat tempur multiperan|zat tempur multiperan]] generasi 4.5 lan [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|zat tempur unggul udara]] generasi 5 [[Indonesia]] ingkang dipuntindakaken dening [[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Zat tempur punika dipunrancang minangka zat tempur ukuran menengah-ngeboti kanthi mesin ganda, kursi ganda, mawi sistem [[avionik]] modern lan fitur berkinerja dhuwur, supados saged ngebaki peran wigati minangka sarana pelatihan penerbang modern liwat kinerja ingkang sae piyambak. Mockup saking zat tempur punika sampun dipunpameraken wonten ing arena njawi [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ing booth OD 60 ingkang dipunawontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Rizkia|first=Zulaika|date=2023-11-13|title=I-22 Sikatan Dikembangkan Bukan Buat TNI AU Tapi Infoglobal Rela Kucurkan Uang Karena Indonesia Ternyata Punya Bidikan - Zona Jakarta|url=https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan|website=Zona Jakarta|language=id|access-date=2024-02-21}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan minangka program pangembangan zat tempur kaping kalih ingkang dipuntindakaken dening Indonesia. Sadurungipun, Indonesia, liwat [[Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional|LAPAN]], nate ngembangaken zat tempur multiperan siluman generasi kaping gansal kanthi nama [[LAPAN Fighter Experimental (LFX)]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Liputan6.com|date=2014-04-22|title=LFX, Pengembangan Pesawat Tempur Indonesia yang Tertunda|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2040091/lfx-pengembangan-pesawat-tempur-indonesia-yang-tertunda|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-06-30}}</ref> ing taun 2012, nanging program kasebat dipunbekukaken ing taun 2013 nganti sapriki tanpa wonten kajelasan. == Sistem Penamaan == Aksara "I" ing nama pesawat dipunpendhet saking nama perusahaan ingkang ndamel, yaiku Infoglobal, dene angka "22" nuduhaken taun 2022 ing ngendi mock-up pesawat punika kapisan dipuntampilaken wonten ing acara Indo Defence Expo & Forum.<ref name=":0" /> Sauntara punika, nama Sikatan dipunpendhet saking nama jinis manuk [[Ficedula|Sikatan]] ingkang kathah dipunpanggangi ing sawetara negara [[Asia Tenggara]]. Manuk punika misuwur amargi trampil lan gesit nalika miber. Paring nama Sikatan marang pesawat I-22 punika gadhah pangarep-arep benjang I-22 saged miber kanthi gesit kados dene manuk Sikatan ing alam liar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Aksara Purwaka === Beda kaliyan Amerika Serikat lan Tiongkok ingkang penamaan pesawatipun nggunakaken aksara purwaka (awalan) kanggē nuduhaken fungsi saking pesawat kasebat,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Cracking the Aircraft Designation Code|url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/cracking-aircraft-designation-code|website=U.S. Naval Institute|language=en|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Military Aircraft Designations|url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html|website=designation-systems.net|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> I-22 malah nggunakaken nama perusahaan pembuatipun minangka aksara purwaka. Sistem penamaan punika sami kados ingkang dipun-damel dening [[Rusia]] kanggē pesawat-pesawatipun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-19|title=Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_military_aircraft_designation_systems&oldid=1150608769|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Minangka conto, aksara SU ing pesawat [[Sukhoi Su-57|Su-57]] nuduhaken perusahaan pembuatipun yaiku [[Sukhoi]]. Bab punika berlaku kanggē meh sedaya pesawat Rusia<ref name=":2" /> kados TU kanggē [[Tupolev]], MIG kanggē [[Mikoyan]], IL kanggē [[Ilyushin]], lan taksih kathah maneh. Beda kaliyan Amerika lan Tiongkok ingkang aksara purwakanipun nuduhaken fungsi pesawat, kados F kanggē Fighter, J kanggē Jianjiji (fighter), B kanggē Bomber, H kanggē Hongzhaji (bomber), lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /> Nanging bab punika mboten ateges sedaya pesawat tempur buatan Indonesia ing tembe bakal nggunakaken sistem penamaan kasebat, amargi nama I-22 Sikatan mboten dipunparingi dening pemerintah, nanging dening perusahaan Infoglobal piyambak. == Desain == Konsep desain I-22 Sikatan dipungagas nindakaken kerja sami kaliyan firma desain kedirgantaraan lokal [[Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurw|date=2022-11-26|title=DEFENSE STUDIES: Menengok Konsep Pesawat Tempur Generasi 4,5 dari Infoglobal|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2022/11/menengok-konsep-pesawat-tempur-generasi.html|website=DEFENSE STUDIES|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> ingkang dipunpangarsi dening tilas penerbang kendaraan udara nirawak komersial ([[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]), Sunanto Ajidarmo. Wonten pameran kasebat, Sunanto ngandharaken i-22 Sikatan minangka konsep pesawat tempur bermesin ganda kanthi desain ingkang dipun-inspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Militer|first=Garuda|date=Kamis, 08 Desember 2022|title=Garuda Militer: i-22 Sikatan Infoglobal|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2022/12/i-22-sikatan-infoglobal.html#|website=Garuda Militer|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indo Defence 2022: Indonesian aerospace firm unveils 4.5-generation fighter concept|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Desain punika nyajikaken wujud [[Penampang lintang radar|penampang radar]] ingkang dipunsuda lan kathah-kathahipun nggunakaken bahan komposit kanggē nambah karakter silumanipun.[[File:Saab JAS 39 Gripen at Kaivopuisto Air Show, June 2017 (altered) copy.jpg|thumb|240px|Saab JAS 39 Gripen wonten ing pagelaran Kaivopuisto Air Show.]] I-22 Sikatan gadhah dimensi ingkang ringkes kanthi dawa 12,5 meter, [[rentang sayap|jembar sayap]] 7 meter, lan dhuwur 3,5 meter. Pesawat punika sengaja dirancang mawi ukuran cilik amargi bakal dipun-ngangge minangka pesawat tempur utama lan saged dipun-ginakaken kanggē patroli jarak tebih.<ref>https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept</ref> Sudut kemiringan sirip jejegipun dipunrancang kanggē mbuwang pantulan gelombang radar menyang samping, sanes wangsul menyang sumber radar mungsuh. Garis tajam ingkang dawa saking irung nganti tekan sayap (chine) gadhah fungsi memecah turbulensi sarta nyuda Radar Cross Section (RCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> Konsep punika gadhah kalih varian – satunggal mawi konfigurasi sayap canard, lan satunggal malih tanpa sayap canard. Konfigurasi sayap canard gadhah jembar sayap 9 meter, dene ingkang mboten gadhah sayap canard jembar sayapipun 9,6 meter. Loro-loronipun konsep kasebat dipunrancang jangkep wonten ing njero negeri dening para insinyur dirgantara lokal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KASKUS|title=Indo Defence 2022: PT Infoglobal Tampilkan Mockup Jet Tempur i-22 Sikatan|url=https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/6368ea4f68f1707c384efdfb/indo-defence-2022-pt-infoglobal-tampilkan-mockup-jet-tempur-i-22-sikatan|website=KASKUS|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mock-up ingkang dipun-pameraken ing Indo Defence 2022 inggih punika varian tanpa canard, lan dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran aslinipun kanggē nggampilaken pangaturan pengiriman lan taksih wujud mockup kasar. Infoglobal ngrancang nggunakaken mesin saking Hawk Mk.209 kanggē prototipe kapisanipun, nanging wonten spekulasi ing tembe wingking babagan potensi panganggean [[mesin jet]] asil reverse engineering.<ref>https://tni-au.mil.id/berita/detail/depohar-30-dislitbangau-dan-pt-its-berkolaborasi-dalam-reverse-engineering-pesawat-hawk-mk-209</ref> == Pangembangan == Program pangembangan bakal dipuntindakaken wonten ing tigang tahap. Wonten ing tahap kapisan, pesawat bakal dipun-kembangaken minangka [[pesawat latih|pesawat latih]]. Tahap kaping kalih bakal dados demonstrator. Lajeng, fase pungkasan bakal dados sistem penuh.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/63bb866f43375|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}} Sistem penuh kasebat inggih punika I-22 varian Multirole lan I-22 varian Superioritas Udara ingkang pancen dados kabetahan primer pertahanan udara saking jinis pesawat tempur</ref> Infoglobal sampun ngawiti Program Sikatan i-22 kanthi tujuan penguasaan teknologi pesawat tempur lan ningali potensi pasar kanthi manfaataken pengalaman lan katrampilanipun ing desain/produksi sistem pesawat ingkang hemat biaya.<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref> === Indo Defence 2022 === Wonten ing acara [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ingkang dipun-awontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022, PT. Infoglobal kanggē kapisanipun ngenalaken mockup saking pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ing arena outdoor booth OD 60.<ref name=":3" /> Mock-up ingkang dipunpameraken inggih punika varian tanpa canard, dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran asli supados gampil dipuntata nalika pengiriman lan taksih rupa mockup kasar. [[File:Mockup I-22 Sikatan Indo Defense 2024.png|thumb|Mockup pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan sesarengan kaliyan pesawat nirawak Wani-23]] === Indo Defence 2024 === Wonten ing pagelaran Indo Defence 2024 ingkang dipun-awontenaken tanggal 11 - 14 Juni 2025, PT Infoglobal nampilaken pangembangan paling anyar saking program i-22 Sikatan, kalebet model kokpit skala penuh lan simulator penerbanganipun. Kehadiran punika nglanjutaken partisipasi perusahaan wonten ing pameran rong taunan kasebat, sasampunipun sadurungipun ugi memamerkan model lan versi berskala luwih cilik ing taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Pamerkan Kokpit Skala Penuh i-22 Sikatan|url=https://gbp.com.sg/regional_stories/infoglobal-pamerkan-kokpit-skala-penuh-i-22-sikatan/|website=GBP|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan Demonstrator ingkang dipun-pameraken nuduhaken kemajuan sajjeroning pangembangan teknologi pesawat tempur, kalebet desain kokpit ingkang modern. Pesawat punika dipunjangkepi fitur [[fly-by-wire]], ing ngendi flight control utawi [[sistem kendali]] penerbangan mlaku kanthi elektronik liwat joystick lan throttle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Unveils Full-Scale i-22 Sikatan Cockpit|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/684bdbe9604cc|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> [[File:Full Scale Cockpit & Demonstrator I-22 Sikatan.jpg|thumb|Kokpit lan demonstrator skala penuh pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ingkang dipunpameraken ing pameran Indo Defense 2024]] Sebagean gedhe konfigurasi avionikipun terintegrasi sajjeroning siji panoramic display berukuran 25”. Layar punika nampilaken macem-macem data, wiwit saking CNI System, Map-based navigation, Fuel & Engine Monitoring System, Integrated Caution and Warning System (ICAWS), nganti tekan Weapon System. i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi IESD minangka backup flight instrument, sarta fitur day/night mode kanggē operasional pesawat ing lingkungan kanthi cahya sithik utawi wektu wengi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instagram/infoglobal|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKy7vc2TLcJ/|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mboten namung wonten ing kokpit, i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) ingkang ngemungaken data penerbangan wigati dipunproyeksikaken langkung menyang [[retina]] pilot liwat tampilan ing helm, saengga nambah kesadaran situasional pilot sajjeroning misi. I-22 dipunproyeksikaken nggunakaken AESA Radar lan sistem Data Link ingkang ngemungaken pesawat punika bertempur kanthi "senyap" tanpa kudu nyalakaken radar aktif ingkang saged dipundeteksi dening mungsuh. == Kontroversi == [[File:The third prototype of the KF-21 Boramae on display at the 2022 Sacheon Airshow.png|thumb|240px|Prototipe kaping tiga KF-21 Boramae.]] I-22 Sikatan sering dipun-tingali negatif mliginipun dening pengamat militer [[Korea Selatan]] lan [[Tiongkok]]. Desain I-22 Sikatan kerep dipunanggep mirip kaliyan [[KAI KF-21 Boramae|KF-21 Boramae]] saking Korea Selatan lan [[Chengdu J-20|J-20]] saking Tiongkok. Malah sawetara pengamat militer Korea Selatan curiga yen wonten ingkang mbocorken teknologi inti KF-21 menyang Indonesia amargi wektu dipun-kenalaken I-22 terlalau 'kebeneran' ing tengah nunggakipun utang Indonesia ing proyek KF-21. Dheweke curiga yen Indonesia bakal metu saking proyek KF-21 lan mbangun I-22 mawi teknologi KF-21 ingkang sampun dipun-gadhahi kanthi meneng-meneng. Nanging, beda kaliyan fakta ing lapangan amargi kebanyakan masyarakat Korea durung ngerti babagan anane I-22 Sikatan. [[File:J-20 at CCAS2022 (20220827103424).jpg|thumb|240px|J-20 Mighty Dragon gadhahipun Tiongkok.]] Sanadyan durung saged dipunpastiaken kasetenanipun, sawetara pengamat militer Tiongkok ugi tumut nuduh yen Indonesia sampun njiplak rancangan pesawat tempur J-20.<ref>{{Cite web|title=除土耳其无人机之外,又多一国仿制我们的歼20,连DSI进气道都有?_印尼_战机_国家|url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/619069242_121432636|website=www.sohu.com|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Sanadyan [[Direktur utama|CEO]] Infoglobal piyambak ngendika yen desain I-22 terinspirasi saking JAS-39 Gripen, nanging mboten saged dipunsangkal yen desain I-22 pancen mirip sanget kaliyan J-20. == Varian (proyeksi) == Wonten tigang versi ingkang dipunrancangkan:<ref name="airspace-review">{{Cite web |last=Sawiyya |first=Rangga Baswara |date=2022-11-06 |title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21 |url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/ |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=Airspace Review |language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Block I''': Generasi kaping 4.5, punika gadhah 2 varian yaiku [[pesawat latih|Pesawat Latih Lanjut]] & [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Pesawat Tempur Multiperan]] kanthi sistem avionik anyar kanggē kabetahan pelatihan pilot lan pertahanan negara saking ancaman pesawat tempur multiperan lintunipun. * '''Block II''': Generasi kaping 5, varian [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Pesawat Tempur Superioritas Udara]], nanging ugi gadhah kemampuan kanggē nindakaken pertempuran dharat, peperangan elektronik, lan [[SIGINT|sinyal intelijen]] kanthi sistem avionik canggih, kompartemen senjata internal lan kemampuan silumanipun sarta berpotensi ngalami pembesaran desain pesawat. * '''Demonstrator Teknologi''': Versi demonstrasi teknologi sadurunge '''Block I'''. == Spesifikasi (proyeksi) == Adhedhasar data spesifikasi.<ref name="jawapos">{{cite news|url=https://infoglobal.co.id/be/api/media/file/1604602.pdf|publisher=Jawa Pos|title=Alutsista Buatan Lokal Siap Tembus Dominasi Global|date=2025-07-01|first=Azami|last=Ramadhan|location=Surabaya|language=id}}</ref> [[File:Infoglobal_I-22_Sikatan_Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block I saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] [[File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block II saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] === Karakteristik Utama === * Kapasitas Kru: 1 utawi 2 * Desain Block 1: Wiwitanipun terinspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]] nanging luwih mirip kaliyan [[Chengdu J-20]], ngadopsi karakter siluman kanthi citra radar rendah lan nggunakaken [[material komposit]] * Desain Block 2: Ngadopsi konfigurasi canard-delta berbasis blended wing-body (BWB), ingkang ngombinasikaken elemen aerodinamis Chengdu J-20 (sirip canard aktif) kaliyan tata letak siluman F-22 Raptor (twin canted tail lan geometri penampang radar rendah). Konstruksi airframe manfaataken Komposit Serat Karbon Lanjut (Advanced CFRP) lan Titanium-Matrix Composite (TMC), dipundhaptarake kaliyan pelapis Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial, Diverterless Supersonic Inlet (DSI), sarta Thrust Vectoring Nozzles (TVN) kanggē nyuda jejak inframerah lan penampang radar (RCS). * Dawane: 12.5&nbsp;m (perkiraan 18m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Jembar sayap: 7m (perkiraan 13m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Dhuwur: 3.5m (5.3m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Bobot: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * [[Berat lepas landas maksimum|Bobot lepas landas maksimum]]: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * Mesin: Dipunsengkuyung dening Mesin Turbofan 2x Reverse engineering / WS-10 series kanggē block 1 (Varian Block 2 durung dipuntentukan, kemungkinan ''Low-bypass Afterburning Turbofan'') * Sistem kontrol: Block 1, Digital Fly-by-Wire (DFBW) Quad-redundant mawi Flight Envelope Protectional mawi layar panorama 25 inci lan Sistem Tampilan Terpasang Helmet-Mounted Display System (HMDS) kanthi integrasi VR/AR. Sauntara punika Block 2, ''Advanced DFBW'' (utawi ''Fly-by-Light'' / FBL) terintegrasi ''Thrust Vector Control'' (TVC) lan kontrol ''High Angle-of-Attack'' (AoA). * Sistem radar: Radar AESA-X (experimental) buatan Infoglobal * Lambung Senjata: Internal Weapon Bay === Fitur siluman === Wonten ing rancangan konsep varian Block 2, I-22 Sikatan dipunproyeksikaken manfaataken lapisan Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial ingkang dipunintegrasikaken ing struktur komposit pesawat. Penggunaan metamaterial punika dipunmaksudaken kanggē nyuda nilai Radar Cross Section (RCS) kanthi nyerap spektrum gelombang radar ingkang luwih jembar (broadband), sarta nyuda bobot fisik yen dipunbandingaken kaliyan RAM konvensional berbasis ferit utawi polimer konduktif kados dene ingkang dipungunakaken ing F-22 Raptor. Sanadyan katulis sajjeroning dokumen spesifikasi target, penggunaan pelapis metamaterial punika taksih mawi status proyeksi teknis jangka dawa. Secara global, pengaplikasian metamaterial ing kerangka pesawat tempur taksih wonten ing tahap riset lan uji coba terbatas, dene fokus pangembangan I-22 Sikatan wektu punika taksih dipunprioritasaken ing varian latih & multiperan (Block 1) lan integrasi avionik. === Performa === * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach udakara 2.350 km/jam nggunakaken twin-engine aircraft (Block 1). * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach nganti 2,6 Mach (udakara 2. togxwp21iw0f7tgfd2f7dz846vp2u2d 1756341 1756340 2026-09-12T08:49:18Z Presiden revanisme 70645 /* Performa */ 1756341 wikitext text/x-wiki {|{{Infobox aircraft begin|name=I-22 Sikatan|image=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan Sketchfab.png|caption=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan}}{{Infobox aircraft type|type= Block I [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Zat tempur multiperan]]<br />Block II [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Zat tempur unggul udara]]|national origin=Indonesia|manufacturer=[[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]]|designer=[https://id.linkedin.com/showcase/vlr-consulting-group/ Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa] |first flight=Durung kaweruhan|introduced=|retired=|status=Prototipe (Sajjeroning pangembangan)|primary user=Durung kaweruhan |more users=|produced=|number built= 1 (Mockup)<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref>|unit cost=|developed from=|variants with their own articles=|developed into=}} |} '''Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan''' inggih punika program pangembangan [[pesawat tempur multiperan|zat tempur multiperan]] generasi 4.5 lan [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|zat tempur unggul udara]] generasi 5 [[Indonesia]] ingkang dipuntindakaken dening [[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Zat tempur punika dipunrancang minangka zat tempur ukuran menengah-ngeboti kanthi mesin ganda, kursi ganda, mawi sistem [[avionik]] modern lan fitur berkinerja dhuwur, supados saged ngebaki peran wigati minangka sarana pelatihan penerbang modern liwat kinerja ingkang sae piyambak. Mockup saking zat tempur punika sampun dipunpameraken wonten ing arena njawi [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ing booth OD 60 ingkang dipunawontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Rizkia|first=Zulaika|date=2023-11-13|title=I-22 Sikatan Dikembangkan Bukan Buat TNI AU Tapi Infoglobal Rela Kucurkan Uang Karena Indonesia Ternyata Punya Bidikan - Zona Jakarta|url=https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan|website=Zona Jakarta|language=id|access-date=2024-02-21}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan minangka program pangembangan zat tempur kaping kalih ingkang dipuntindakaken dening Indonesia. Sadurungipun, Indonesia, liwat [[Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional|LAPAN]], nate ngembangaken zat tempur multiperan siluman generasi kaping gansal kanthi nama [[LAPAN Fighter Experimental (LFX)]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Liputan6.com|date=2014-04-22|title=LFX, Pengembangan Pesawat Tempur Indonesia yang Tertunda|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2040091/lfx-pengembangan-pesawat-tempur-indonesia-yang-tertunda|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-06-30}}</ref> ing taun 2012, nanging program kasebat dipunbekukaken ing taun 2013 nganti sapriki tanpa wonten kajelasan. == Sistem Penamaan == Aksara "I" ing nama pesawat dipunpendhet saking nama perusahaan ingkang ndamel, yaiku Infoglobal, dene angka "22" nuduhaken taun 2022 ing ngendi mock-up pesawat punika kapisan dipuntampilaken wonten ing acara Indo Defence Expo & Forum.<ref name=":0" /> Sauntara punika, nama Sikatan dipunpendhet saking nama jinis manuk [[Ficedula|Sikatan]] ingkang kathah dipunpanggangi ing sawetara negara [[Asia Tenggara]]. Manuk punika misuwur amargi trampil lan gesit nalika miber. Paring nama Sikatan marang pesawat I-22 punika gadhah pangarep-arep benjang I-22 saged miber kanthi gesit kados dene manuk Sikatan ing alam liar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Aksara Purwaka === Beda kaliyan Amerika Serikat lan Tiongkok ingkang penamaan pesawatipun nggunakaken aksara purwaka (awalan) kanggē nuduhaken fungsi saking pesawat kasebat,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Cracking the Aircraft Designation Code|url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/cracking-aircraft-designation-code|website=U.S. Naval Institute|language=en|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Military Aircraft Designations|url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html|website=designation-systems.net|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> I-22 malah nggunakaken nama perusahaan pembuatipun minangka aksara purwaka. Sistem penamaan punika sami kados ingkang dipun-damel dening [[Rusia]] kanggē pesawat-pesawatipun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-19|title=Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_military_aircraft_designation_systems&oldid=1150608769|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Minangka conto, aksara SU ing pesawat [[Sukhoi Su-57|Su-57]] nuduhaken perusahaan pembuatipun yaiku [[Sukhoi]]. Bab punika berlaku kanggē meh sedaya pesawat Rusia<ref name=":2" /> kados TU kanggē [[Tupolev]], MIG kanggē [[Mikoyan]], IL kanggē [[Ilyushin]], lan taksih kathah maneh. Beda kaliyan Amerika lan Tiongkok ingkang aksara purwakanipun nuduhaken fungsi pesawat, kados F kanggē Fighter, J kanggē Jianjiji (fighter), B kanggē Bomber, H kanggē Hongzhaji (bomber), lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /> Nanging bab punika mboten ateges sedaya pesawat tempur buatan Indonesia ing tembe bakal nggunakaken sistem penamaan kasebat, amargi nama I-22 Sikatan mboten dipunparingi dening pemerintah, nanging dening perusahaan Infoglobal piyambak. == Desain == Konsep desain I-22 Sikatan dipungagas nindakaken kerja sami kaliyan firma desain kedirgantaraan lokal [[Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurw|date=2022-11-26|title=DEFENSE STUDIES: Menengok Konsep Pesawat Tempur Generasi 4,5 dari Infoglobal|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2022/11/menengok-konsep-pesawat-tempur-generasi.html|website=DEFENSE STUDIES|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> ingkang dipunpangarsi dening tilas penerbang kendaraan udara nirawak komersial ([[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]), Sunanto Ajidarmo. Wonten pameran kasebat, Sunanto ngandharaken i-22 Sikatan minangka konsep pesawat tempur bermesin ganda kanthi desain ingkang dipun-inspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Militer|first=Garuda|date=Kamis, 08 Desember 2022|title=Garuda Militer: i-22 Sikatan Infoglobal|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2022/12/i-22-sikatan-infoglobal.html#|website=Garuda Militer|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indo Defence 2022: Indonesian aerospace firm unveils 4.5-generation fighter concept|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Desain punika nyajikaken wujud [[Penampang lintang radar|penampang radar]] ingkang dipunsuda lan kathah-kathahipun nggunakaken bahan komposit kanggē nambah karakter silumanipun.[[File:Saab JAS 39 Gripen at Kaivopuisto Air Show, June 2017 (altered) copy.jpg|thumb|240px|Saab JAS 39 Gripen wonten ing pagelaran Kaivopuisto Air Show.]] I-22 Sikatan gadhah dimensi ingkang ringkes kanthi dawa 12,5 meter, [[rentang sayap|jembar sayap]] 7 meter, lan dhuwur 3,5 meter. Pesawat punika sengaja dirancang mawi ukuran cilik amargi bakal dipun-ngangge minangka pesawat tempur utama lan saged dipun-ginakaken kanggē patroli jarak tebih.<ref>https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept</ref> Sudut kemiringan sirip jejegipun dipunrancang kanggē mbuwang pantulan gelombang radar menyang samping, sanes wangsul menyang sumber radar mungsuh. Garis tajam ingkang dawa saking irung nganti tekan sayap (chine) gadhah fungsi memecah turbulensi sarta nyuda Radar Cross Section (RCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> Konsep punika gadhah kalih varian – satunggal mawi konfigurasi sayap canard, lan satunggal malih tanpa sayap canard. Konfigurasi sayap canard gadhah jembar sayap 9 meter, dene ingkang mboten gadhah sayap canard jembar sayapipun 9,6 meter. Loro-loronipun konsep kasebat dipunrancang jangkep wonten ing njero negeri dening para insinyur dirgantara lokal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KASKUS|title=Indo Defence 2022: PT Infoglobal Tampilkan Mockup Jet Tempur i-22 Sikatan|url=https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/6368ea4f68f1707c384efdfb/indo-defence-2022-pt-infoglobal-tampilkan-mockup-jet-tempur-i-22-sikatan|website=KASKUS|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mock-up ingkang dipun-pameraken ing Indo Defence 2022 inggih punika varian tanpa canard, lan dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran aslinipun kanggē nggampilaken pangaturan pengiriman lan taksih wujud mockup kasar. Infoglobal ngrancang nggunakaken mesin saking Hawk Mk.209 kanggē prototipe kapisanipun, nanging wonten spekulasi ing tembe wingking babagan potensi panganggean [[mesin jet]] asil reverse engineering.<ref>https://tni-au.mil.id/berita/detail/depohar-30-dislitbangau-dan-pt-its-berkolaborasi-dalam-reverse-engineering-pesawat-hawk-mk-209</ref> == Pangembangan == Program pangembangan bakal dipuntindakaken wonten ing tigang tahap. Wonten ing tahap kapisan, pesawat bakal dipun-kembangaken minangka [[pesawat latih|pesawat latih]]. Tahap kaping kalih bakal dados demonstrator. Lajeng, fase pungkasan bakal dados sistem penuh.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/63bb866f43375|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}} Sistem penuh kasebat inggih punika I-22 varian Multirole lan I-22 varian Superioritas Udara ingkang pancen dados kabetahan primer pertahanan udara saking jinis pesawat tempur</ref> Infoglobal sampun ngawiti Program Sikatan i-22 kanthi tujuan penguasaan teknologi pesawat tempur lan ningali potensi pasar kanthi manfaataken pengalaman lan katrampilanipun ing desain/produksi sistem pesawat ingkang hemat biaya.<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref> === Indo Defence 2022 === Wonten ing acara [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ingkang dipun-awontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022, PT. Infoglobal kanggē kapisanipun ngenalaken mockup saking pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ing arena outdoor booth OD 60.<ref name=":3" /> Mock-up ingkang dipunpameraken inggih punika varian tanpa canard, dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran asli supados gampil dipuntata nalika pengiriman lan taksih rupa mockup kasar. [[File:Mockup I-22 Sikatan Indo Defense 2024.png|thumb|Mockup pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan sesarengan kaliyan pesawat nirawak Wani-23]] === Indo Defence 2024 === Wonten ing pagelaran Indo Defence 2024 ingkang dipun-awontenaken tanggal 11 - 14 Juni 2025, PT Infoglobal nampilaken pangembangan paling anyar saking program i-22 Sikatan, kalebet model kokpit skala penuh lan simulator penerbanganipun. Kehadiran punika nglanjutaken partisipasi perusahaan wonten ing pameran rong taunan kasebat, sasampunipun sadurungipun ugi memamerkan model lan versi berskala luwih cilik ing taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Pamerkan Kokpit Skala Penuh i-22 Sikatan|url=https://gbp.com.sg/regional_stories/infoglobal-pamerkan-kokpit-skala-penuh-i-22-sikatan/|website=GBP|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan Demonstrator ingkang dipun-pameraken nuduhaken kemajuan sajjeroning pangembangan teknologi pesawat tempur, kalebet desain kokpit ingkang modern. Pesawat punika dipunjangkepi fitur [[fly-by-wire]], ing ngendi flight control utawi [[sistem kendali]] penerbangan mlaku kanthi elektronik liwat joystick lan throttle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Unveils Full-Scale i-22 Sikatan Cockpit|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/684bdbe9604cc|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> [[File:Full Scale Cockpit & Demonstrator I-22 Sikatan.jpg|thumb|Kokpit lan demonstrator skala penuh pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ingkang dipunpameraken ing pameran Indo Defense 2024]] Sebagean gedhe konfigurasi avionikipun terintegrasi sajjeroning siji panoramic display berukuran 25”. Layar punika nampilaken macem-macem data, wiwit saking CNI System, Map-based navigation, Fuel & Engine Monitoring System, Integrated Caution and Warning System (ICAWS), nganti tekan Weapon System. i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi IESD minangka backup flight instrument, sarta fitur day/night mode kanggē operasional pesawat ing lingkungan kanthi cahya sithik utawi wektu wengi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instagram/infoglobal|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKy7vc2TLcJ/|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mboten namung wonten ing kokpit, i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) ingkang ngemungaken data penerbangan wigati dipunproyeksikaken langkung menyang [[retina]] pilot liwat tampilan ing helm, saengga nambah kesadaran situasional pilot sajjeroning misi. I-22 dipunproyeksikaken nggunakaken AESA Radar lan sistem Data Link ingkang ngemungaken pesawat punika bertempur kanthi "senyap" tanpa kudu nyalakaken radar aktif ingkang saged dipundeteksi dening mungsuh. == Kontroversi == [[File:The third prototype of the KF-21 Boramae on display at the 2022 Sacheon Airshow.png|thumb|240px|Prototipe kaping tiga KF-21 Boramae.]] I-22 Sikatan sering dipun-tingali negatif mliginipun dening pengamat militer [[Korea Selatan]] lan [[Tiongkok]]. Desain I-22 Sikatan kerep dipunanggep mirip kaliyan [[KAI KF-21 Boramae|KF-21 Boramae]] saking Korea Selatan lan [[Chengdu J-20|J-20]] saking Tiongkok. Malah sawetara pengamat militer Korea Selatan curiga yen wonten ingkang mbocorken teknologi inti KF-21 menyang Indonesia amargi wektu dipun-kenalaken I-22 terlalau 'kebeneran' ing tengah nunggakipun utang Indonesia ing proyek KF-21. Dheweke curiga yen Indonesia bakal metu saking proyek KF-21 lan mbangun I-22 mawi teknologi KF-21 ingkang sampun dipun-gadhahi kanthi meneng-meneng. Nanging, beda kaliyan fakta ing lapangan amargi kebanyakan masyarakat Korea durung ngerti babagan anane I-22 Sikatan. [[File:J-20 at CCAS2022 (20220827103424).jpg|thumb|240px|J-20 Mighty Dragon gadhahipun Tiongkok.]] Sanadyan durung saged dipunpastiaken kasetenanipun, sawetara pengamat militer Tiongkok ugi tumut nuduh yen Indonesia sampun njiplak rancangan pesawat tempur J-20.<ref>{{Cite web|title=除土耳其无人机之外,又多一国仿制我们的歼20,连DSI进气道都有?_印尼_战机_国家|url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/619069242_121432636|website=www.sohu.com|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Sanadyan [[Direktur utama|CEO]] Infoglobal piyambak ngendika yen desain I-22 terinspirasi saking JAS-39 Gripen, nanging mboten saged dipunsangkal yen desain I-22 pancen mirip sanget kaliyan J-20. == Varian (proyeksi) == Wonten tigang versi ingkang dipunrancangkan:<ref name="airspace-review">{{Cite web |last=Sawiyya |first=Rangga Baswara |date=2022-11-06 |title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21 |url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/ |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=Airspace Review |language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Block I''': Generasi kaping 4.5, punika gadhah 2 varian yaiku [[pesawat latih|Pesawat Latih Lanjut]] & [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Pesawat Tempur Multiperan]] kanthi sistem avionik anyar kanggē kabetahan pelatihan pilot lan pertahanan negara saking ancaman pesawat tempur multiperan lintunipun. * '''Block II''': Generasi kaping 5, varian [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Pesawat Tempur Superioritas Udara]], nanging ugi gadhah kemampuan kanggē nindakaken pertempuran dharat, peperangan elektronik, lan [[SIGINT|sinyal intelijen]] kanthi sistem avionik canggih, kompartemen senjata internal lan kemampuan silumanipun sarta berpotensi ngalami pembesaran desain pesawat. * '''Demonstrator Teknologi''': Versi demonstrasi teknologi sadurunge '''Block I'''. == Spesifikasi (proyeksi) == Adhedhasar data spesifikasi.<ref name="jawapos">{{cite news|url=https://infoglobal.co.id/be/api/media/file/1604602.pdf|publisher=Jawa Pos|title=Alutsista Buatan Lokal Siap Tembus Dominasi Global|date=2025-07-01|first=Azami|last=Ramadhan|location=Surabaya|language=id}}</ref> [[File:Infoglobal_I-22_Sikatan_Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block I saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] [[File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block II saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] === Karakteristik Utama === * Kapasitas Kru: 1 utawi 2 * Desain Block 1: Wiwitanipun terinspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]] nanging luwih mirip kaliyan [[Chengdu J-20]], ngadopsi karakter siluman kanthi citra radar rendah lan nggunakaken [[material komposit]] * Desain Block 2: Ngadopsi konfigurasi canard-delta berbasis blended wing-body (BWB), ingkang ngombinasikaken elemen aerodinamis Chengdu J-20 (sirip canard aktif) kaliyan tata letak siluman F-22 Raptor (twin canted tail lan geometri penampang radar rendah). Konstruksi airframe manfaataken Komposit Serat Karbon Lanjut (Advanced CFRP) lan Titanium-Matrix Composite (TMC), dipundhaptarake kaliyan pelapis Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial, Diverterless Supersonic Inlet (DSI), sarta Thrust Vectoring Nozzles (TVN) kanggē nyuda jejak inframerah lan penampang radar (RCS). * Dawane: 12.5&nbsp;m (perkiraan 18m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Jembar sayap: 7m (perkiraan 13m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Dhuwur: 3.5m (5.3m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Bobot: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * [[Berat lepas landas maksimum|Bobot lepas landas maksimum]]: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * Mesin: Dipunsengkuyung dening Mesin Turbofan 2x Reverse engineering / WS-10 series kanggē block 1 (Varian Block 2 durung dipuntentukan, kemungkinan ''Low-bypass Afterburning Turbofan'') * Sistem kontrol: Block 1, Digital Fly-by-Wire (DFBW) Quad-redundant mawi Flight Envelope Protectional mawi layar panorama 25 inci lan Sistem Tampilan Terpasang Helmet-Mounted Display System (HMDS) kanthi integrasi VR/AR. Sauntara punika Block 2, ''Advanced DFBW'' (utawi ''Fly-by-Light'' / FBL) terintegrasi ''Thrust Vector Control'' (TVC) lan kontrol ''High Angle-of-Attack'' (AoA). * Sistem radar: Radar AESA-X (experimental) buatan Infoglobal * Lambung Senjata: Internal Weapon Bay === Fitur siluman === Wonten ing rancangan konsep varian Block 2, I-22 Sikatan dipunproyeksikaken manfaataken lapisan Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial ingkang dipunintegrasikaken ing struktur komposit pesawat. Penggunaan metamaterial punika dipunmaksudaken kanggē nyuda nilai Radar Cross Section (RCS) kanthi nyerap spektrum gelombang radar ingkang luwih jembar (broadband), sarta nyuda bobot fisik yen dipunbandingaken kaliyan RAM konvensional berbasis ferit utawi polimer konduktif kados dene ingkang dipungunakaken ing F-22 Raptor. Sanadyan katulis sajjeroning dokumen spesifikasi target, penggunaan pelapis metamaterial punika taksih mawi status proyeksi teknis jangka dawa. Secara global, pengaplikasian metamaterial ing kerangka pesawat tempur taksih wonten ing tahap riset lan uji coba terbatas, dene fokus pangembangan I-22 Sikatan wektu punika taksih dipunprioritasaken ing varian latih & multiperan (Block 1) lan integrasi avionik. === Performa === * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach udakara 2.350 km/jam nggunakaken twin-engine aircraft (Block 1). * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach nganti 2,6 Mach (udakara 2. === Referensi === 2zarkg5snsr28xtpzt5kbmxyt72yzrc 1756342 1756341 2026-09-12T08:49:36Z Presiden revanisme 70645 /* Referensi */ 1756342 wikitext text/x-wiki {|{{Infobox aircraft begin|name=I-22 Sikatan|image=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan Sketchfab.png|caption=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan}}{{Infobox aircraft type|type= Block I [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Zat tempur multiperan]]<br />Block II [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Zat tempur unggul udara]]|national origin=Indonesia|manufacturer=[[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]]|designer=[https://id.linkedin.com/showcase/vlr-consulting-group/ Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa] |first flight=Durung kaweruhan|introduced=|retired=|status=Prototipe (Sajjeroning pangembangan)|primary user=Durung kaweruhan |more users=|produced=|number built= 1 (Mockup)<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref>|unit cost=|developed from=|variants with their own articles=|developed into=}} |} '''Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan''' inggih punika program pangembangan [[pesawat tempur multiperan|zat tempur multiperan]] generasi 4.5 lan [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|zat tempur unggul udara]] generasi 5 [[Indonesia]] ingkang dipuntindakaken dening [[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Zat tempur punika dipunrancang minangka zat tempur ukuran menengah-ngeboti kanthi mesin ganda, kursi ganda, mawi sistem [[avionik]] modern lan fitur berkinerja dhuwur, supados saged ngebaki peran wigati minangka sarana pelatihan penerbang modern liwat kinerja ingkang sae piyambak. Mockup saking zat tempur punika sampun dipunpameraken wonten ing arena njawi [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ing booth OD 60 ingkang dipunawontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Rizkia|first=Zulaika|date=2023-11-13|title=I-22 Sikatan Dikembangkan Bukan Buat TNI AU Tapi Infoglobal Rela Kucurkan Uang Karena Indonesia Ternyata Punya Bidikan - Zona Jakarta|url=https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan|website=Zona Jakarta|language=id|access-date=2024-02-21}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan minangka program pangembangan zat tempur kaping kalih ingkang dipuntindakaken dening Indonesia. Sadurungipun, Indonesia, liwat [[Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional|LAPAN]], nate ngembangaken zat tempur multiperan siluman generasi kaping gansal kanthi nama [[LAPAN Fighter Experimental (LFX)]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Liputan6.com|date=2014-04-22|title=LFX, Pengembangan Pesawat Tempur Indonesia yang Tertunda|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2040091/lfx-pengembangan-pesawat-tempur-indonesia-yang-tertunda|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-06-30}}</ref> ing taun 2012, nanging program kasebat dipunbekukaken ing taun 2013 nganti sapriki tanpa wonten kajelasan. == Sistem Penamaan == Aksara "I" ing nama pesawat dipunpendhet saking nama perusahaan ingkang ndamel, yaiku Infoglobal, dene angka "22" nuduhaken taun 2022 ing ngendi mock-up pesawat punika kapisan dipuntampilaken wonten ing acara Indo Defence Expo & Forum.<ref name=":0" /> Sauntara punika, nama Sikatan dipunpendhet saking nama jinis manuk [[Ficedula|Sikatan]] ingkang kathah dipunpanggangi ing sawetara negara [[Asia Tenggara]]. Manuk punika misuwur amargi trampil lan gesit nalika miber. Paring nama Sikatan marang pesawat I-22 punika gadhah pangarep-arep benjang I-22 saged miber kanthi gesit kados dene manuk Sikatan ing alam liar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Aksara Purwaka === Beda kaliyan Amerika Serikat lan Tiongkok ingkang penamaan pesawatipun nggunakaken aksara purwaka (awalan) kanggē nuduhaken fungsi saking pesawat kasebat,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Cracking the Aircraft Designation Code|url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/cracking-aircraft-designation-code|website=U.S. Naval Institute|language=en|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Military Aircraft Designations|url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html|website=designation-systems.net|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> I-22 malah nggunakaken nama perusahaan pembuatipun minangka aksara purwaka. Sistem penamaan punika sami kados ingkang dipun-damel dening [[Rusia]] kanggē pesawat-pesawatipun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-19|title=Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_military_aircraft_designation_systems&oldid=1150608769|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Minangka conto, aksara SU ing pesawat [[Sukhoi Su-57|Su-57]] nuduhaken perusahaan pembuatipun yaiku [[Sukhoi]]. Bab punika berlaku kanggē meh sedaya pesawat Rusia<ref name=":2" /> kados TU kanggē [[Tupolev]], MIG kanggē [[Mikoyan]], IL kanggē [[Ilyushin]], lan taksih kathah maneh. Beda kaliyan Amerika lan Tiongkok ingkang aksara purwakanipun nuduhaken fungsi pesawat, kados F kanggē Fighter, J kanggē Jianjiji (fighter), B kanggē Bomber, H kanggē Hongzhaji (bomber), lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /> Nanging bab punika mboten ateges sedaya pesawat tempur buatan Indonesia ing tembe bakal nggunakaken sistem penamaan kasebat, amargi nama I-22 Sikatan mboten dipunparingi dening pemerintah, nanging dening perusahaan Infoglobal piyambak. == Desain == Konsep desain I-22 Sikatan dipungagas nindakaken kerja sami kaliyan firma desain kedirgantaraan lokal [[Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurw|date=2022-11-26|title=DEFENSE STUDIES: Menengok Konsep Pesawat Tempur Generasi 4,5 dari Infoglobal|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2022/11/menengok-konsep-pesawat-tempur-generasi.html|website=DEFENSE STUDIES|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> ingkang dipunpangarsi dening tilas penerbang kendaraan udara nirawak komersial ([[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]), Sunanto Ajidarmo. Wonten pameran kasebat, Sunanto ngandharaken i-22 Sikatan minangka konsep pesawat tempur bermesin ganda kanthi desain ingkang dipun-inspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Militer|first=Garuda|date=Kamis, 08 Desember 2022|title=Garuda Militer: i-22 Sikatan Infoglobal|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2022/12/i-22-sikatan-infoglobal.html#|website=Garuda Militer|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indo Defence 2022: Indonesian aerospace firm unveils 4.5-generation fighter concept|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Desain punika nyajikaken wujud [[Penampang lintang radar|penampang radar]] ingkang dipunsuda lan kathah-kathahipun nggunakaken bahan komposit kanggē nambah karakter silumanipun.[[File:Saab JAS 39 Gripen at Kaivopuisto Air Show, June 2017 (altered) copy.jpg|thumb|240px|Saab JAS 39 Gripen wonten ing pagelaran Kaivopuisto Air Show.]] I-22 Sikatan gadhah dimensi ingkang ringkes kanthi dawa 12,5 meter, [[rentang sayap|jembar sayap]] 7 meter, lan dhuwur 3,5 meter. Pesawat punika sengaja dirancang mawi ukuran cilik amargi bakal dipun-ngangge minangka pesawat tempur utama lan saged dipun-ginakaken kanggē patroli jarak tebih.<ref>https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept</ref> Sudut kemiringan sirip jejegipun dipunrancang kanggē mbuwang pantulan gelombang radar menyang samping, sanes wangsul menyang sumber radar mungsuh. Garis tajam ingkang dawa saking irung nganti tekan sayap (chine) gadhah fungsi memecah turbulensi sarta nyuda Radar Cross Section (RCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> Konsep punika gadhah kalih varian – satunggal mawi konfigurasi sayap canard, lan satunggal malih tanpa sayap canard. Konfigurasi sayap canard gadhah jembar sayap 9 meter, dene ingkang mboten gadhah sayap canard jembar sayapipun 9,6 meter. Loro-loronipun konsep kasebat dipunrancang jangkep wonten ing njero negeri dening para insinyur dirgantara lokal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KASKUS|title=Indo Defence 2022: PT Infoglobal Tampilkan Mockup Jet Tempur i-22 Sikatan|url=https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/6368ea4f68f1707c384efdfb/indo-defence-2022-pt-infoglobal-tampilkan-mockup-jet-tempur-i-22-sikatan|website=KASKUS|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mock-up ingkang dipun-pameraken ing Indo Defence 2022 inggih punika varian tanpa canard, lan dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran aslinipun kanggē nggampilaken pangaturan pengiriman lan taksih wujud mockup kasar. Infoglobal ngrancang nggunakaken mesin saking Hawk Mk.209 kanggē prototipe kapisanipun, nanging wonten spekulasi ing tembe wingking babagan potensi panganggean [[mesin jet]] asil reverse engineering.<ref>https://tni-au.mil.id/berita/detail/depohar-30-dislitbangau-dan-pt-its-berkolaborasi-dalam-reverse-engineering-pesawat-hawk-mk-209</ref> == Pangembangan == Program pangembangan bakal dipuntindakaken wonten ing tigang tahap. Wonten ing tahap kapisan, pesawat bakal dipun-kembangaken minangka [[pesawat latih|pesawat latih]]. Tahap kaping kalih bakal dados demonstrator. Lajeng, fase pungkasan bakal dados sistem penuh.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/63bb866f43375|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}} Sistem penuh kasebat inggih punika I-22 varian Multirole lan I-22 varian Superioritas Udara ingkang pancen dados kabetahan primer pertahanan udara saking jinis pesawat tempur</ref> Infoglobal sampun ngawiti Program Sikatan i-22 kanthi tujuan penguasaan teknologi pesawat tempur lan ningali potensi pasar kanthi manfaataken pengalaman lan katrampilanipun ing desain/produksi sistem pesawat ingkang hemat biaya.<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref> === Indo Defence 2022 === Wonten ing acara [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ingkang dipun-awontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022, PT. Infoglobal kanggē kapisanipun ngenalaken mockup saking pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ing arena outdoor booth OD 60.<ref name=":3" /> Mock-up ingkang dipunpameraken inggih punika varian tanpa canard, dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran asli supados gampil dipuntata nalika pengiriman lan taksih rupa mockup kasar. [[File:Mockup I-22 Sikatan Indo Defense 2024.png|thumb|Mockup pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan sesarengan kaliyan pesawat nirawak Wani-23]] === Indo Defence 2024 === Wonten ing pagelaran Indo Defence 2024 ingkang dipun-awontenaken tanggal 11 - 14 Juni 2025, PT Infoglobal nampilaken pangembangan paling anyar saking program i-22 Sikatan, kalebet model kokpit skala penuh lan simulator penerbanganipun. Kehadiran punika nglanjutaken partisipasi perusahaan wonten ing pameran rong taunan kasebat, sasampunipun sadurungipun ugi memamerkan model lan versi berskala luwih cilik ing taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Pamerkan Kokpit Skala Penuh i-22 Sikatan|url=https://gbp.com.sg/regional_stories/infoglobal-pamerkan-kokpit-skala-penuh-i-22-sikatan/|website=GBP|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan Demonstrator ingkang dipun-pameraken nuduhaken kemajuan sajjeroning pangembangan teknologi pesawat tempur, kalebet desain kokpit ingkang modern. Pesawat punika dipunjangkepi fitur [[fly-by-wire]], ing ngendi flight control utawi [[sistem kendali]] penerbangan mlaku kanthi elektronik liwat joystick lan throttle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Unveils Full-Scale i-22 Sikatan Cockpit|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/684bdbe9604cc|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> [[File:Full Scale Cockpit & Demonstrator I-22 Sikatan.jpg|thumb|Kokpit lan demonstrator skala penuh pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ingkang dipunpameraken ing pameran Indo Defense 2024]] Sebagean gedhe konfigurasi avionikipun terintegrasi sajjeroning siji panoramic display berukuran 25”. Layar punika nampilaken macem-macem data, wiwit saking CNI System, Map-based navigation, Fuel & Engine Monitoring System, Integrated Caution and Warning System (ICAWS), nganti tekan Weapon System. i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi IESD minangka backup flight instrument, sarta fitur day/night mode kanggē operasional pesawat ing lingkungan kanthi cahya sithik utawi wektu wengi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instagram/infoglobal|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKy7vc2TLcJ/|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mboten namung wonten ing kokpit, i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) ingkang ngemungaken data penerbangan wigati dipunproyeksikaken langkung menyang [[retina]] pilot liwat tampilan ing helm, saengga nambah kesadaran situasional pilot sajjeroning misi. I-22 dipunproyeksikaken nggunakaken AESA Radar lan sistem Data Link ingkang ngemungaken pesawat punika bertempur kanthi "senyap" tanpa kudu nyalakaken radar aktif ingkang saged dipundeteksi dening mungsuh. == Kontroversi == [[File:The third prototype of the KF-21 Boramae on display at the 2022 Sacheon Airshow.png|thumb|240px|Prototipe kaping tiga KF-21 Boramae.]] I-22 Sikatan sering dipun-tingali negatif mliginipun dening pengamat militer [[Korea Selatan]] lan [[Tiongkok]]. Desain I-22 Sikatan kerep dipunanggep mirip kaliyan [[KAI KF-21 Boramae|KF-21 Boramae]] saking Korea Selatan lan [[Chengdu J-20|J-20]] saking Tiongkok. Malah sawetara pengamat militer Korea Selatan curiga yen wonten ingkang mbocorken teknologi inti KF-21 menyang Indonesia amargi wektu dipun-kenalaken I-22 terlalau 'kebeneran' ing tengah nunggakipun utang Indonesia ing proyek KF-21. Dheweke curiga yen Indonesia bakal metu saking proyek KF-21 lan mbangun I-22 mawi teknologi KF-21 ingkang sampun dipun-gadhahi kanthi meneng-meneng. Nanging, beda kaliyan fakta ing lapangan amargi kebanyakan masyarakat Korea durung ngerti babagan anane I-22 Sikatan. [[File:J-20 at CCAS2022 (20220827103424).jpg|thumb|240px|J-20 Mighty Dragon gadhahipun Tiongkok.]] Sanadyan durung saged dipunpastiaken kasetenanipun, sawetara pengamat militer Tiongkok ugi tumut nuduh yen Indonesia sampun njiplak rancangan pesawat tempur J-20.<ref>{{Cite web|title=除土耳其无人机之外,又多一国仿制我们的歼20,连DSI进气道都有?_印尼_战机_国家|url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/619069242_121432636|website=www.sohu.com|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Sanadyan [[Direktur utama|CEO]] Infoglobal piyambak ngendika yen desain I-22 terinspirasi saking JAS-39 Gripen, nanging mboten saged dipunsangkal yen desain I-22 pancen mirip sanget kaliyan J-20. == Varian (proyeksi) == Wonten tigang versi ingkang dipunrancangkan:<ref name="airspace-review">{{Cite web |last=Sawiyya |first=Rangga Baswara |date=2022-11-06 |title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21 |url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/ |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=Airspace Review |language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Block I''': Generasi kaping 4.5, punika gadhah 2 varian yaiku [[pesawat latih|Pesawat Latih Lanjut]] & [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Pesawat Tempur Multiperan]] kanthi sistem avionik anyar kanggē kabetahan pelatihan pilot lan pertahanan negara saking ancaman pesawat tempur multiperan lintunipun. * '''Block II''': Generasi kaping 5, varian [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Pesawat Tempur Superioritas Udara]], nanging ugi gadhah kemampuan kanggē nindakaken pertempuran dharat, peperangan elektronik, lan [[SIGINT|sinyal intelijen]] kanthi sistem avionik canggih, kompartemen senjata internal lan kemampuan silumanipun sarta berpotensi ngalami pembesaran desain pesawat. * '''Demonstrator Teknologi''': Versi demonstrasi teknologi sadurunge '''Block I'''. == Spesifikasi (proyeksi) == Adhedhasar data spesifikasi.<ref name="jawapos">{{cite news|url=https://infoglobal.co.id/be/api/media/file/1604602.pdf|publisher=Jawa Pos|title=Alutsista Buatan Lokal Siap Tembus Dominasi Global|date=2025-07-01|first=Azami|last=Ramadhan|location=Surabaya|language=id}}</ref> [[File:Infoglobal_I-22_Sikatan_Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block I saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] [[File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block II saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] === Karakteristik Utama === * Kapasitas Kru: 1 utawi 2 * Desain Block 1: Wiwitanipun terinspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]] nanging luwih mirip kaliyan [[Chengdu J-20]], ngadopsi karakter siluman kanthi citra radar rendah lan nggunakaken [[material komposit]] * Desain Block 2: Ngadopsi konfigurasi canard-delta berbasis blended wing-body (BWB), ingkang ngombinasikaken elemen aerodinamis Chengdu J-20 (sirip canard aktif) kaliyan tata letak siluman F-22 Raptor (twin canted tail lan geometri penampang radar rendah). Konstruksi airframe manfaataken Komposit Serat Karbon Lanjut (Advanced CFRP) lan Titanium-Matrix Composite (TMC), dipundhaptarake kaliyan pelapis Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial, Diverterless Supersonic Inlet (DSI), sarta Thrust Vectoring Nozzles (TVN) kanggē nyuda jejak inframerah lan penampang radar (RCS). * Dawane: 12.5&nbsp;m (perkiraan 18m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Jembar sayap: 7m (perkiraan 13m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Dhuwur: 3.5m (5.3m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Bobot: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * [[Berat lepas landas maksimum|Bobot lepas landas maksimum]]: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * Mesin: Dipunsengkuyung dening Mesin Turbofan 2x Reverse engineering / WS-10 series kanggē block 1 (Varian Block 2 durung dipuntentukan, kemungkinan ''Low-bypass Afterburning Turbofan'') * Sistem kontrol: Block 1, Digital Fly-by-Wire (DFBW) Quad-redundant mawi Flight Envelope Protectional mawi layar panorama 25 inci lan Sistem Tampilan Terpasang Helmet-Mounted Display System (HMDS) kanthi integrasi VR/AR. Sauntara punika Block 2, ''Advanced DFBW'' (utawi ''Fly-by-Light'' / FBL) terintegrasi ''Thrust Vector Control'' (TVC) lan kontrol ''High Angle-of-Attack'' (AoA). * Sistem radar: Radar AESA-X (experimental) buatan Infoglobal * Lambung Senjata: Internal Weapon Bay === Fitur siluman === Wonten ing rancangan konsep varian Block 2, I-22 Sikatan dipunproyeksikaken manfaataken lapisan Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial ingkang dipunintegrasikaken ing struktur komposit pesawat. Penggunaan metamaterial punika dipunmaksudaken kanggē nyuda nilai Radar Cross Section (RCS) kanthi nyerap spektrum gelombang radar ingkang luwih jembar (broadband), sarta nyuda bobot fisik yen dipunbandingaken kaliyan RAM konvensional berbasis ferit utawi polimer konduktif kados dene ingkang dipungunakaken ing F-22 Raptor. Sanadyan katulis sajjeroning dokumen spesifikasi target, penggunaan pelapis metamaterial punika taksih mawi status proyeksi teknis jangka dawa. Secara global, pengaplikasian metamaterial ing kerangka pesawat tempur taksih wonten ing tahap riset lan uji coba terbatas, dene fokus pangembangan I-22 Sikatan wektu punika taksih dipunprioritasaken ing varian latih & multiperan (Block 1) lan integrasi avionik. === Performa === * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach udakara 2.350 km/jam nggunakaken twin-engine aircraft (Block 1). * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach nganti 2,6 Mach (udakara 2. == Referensi == 6uqz5h3gkskgy0mwwxa6t1qf6n77d33 1756343 1756342 2026-09-12T08:52:13Z Presiden revanisme 70645 1756343 wikitext text/x-wiki {|{{Infobox aircraft begin |name=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan |image=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan Sketchfab.png |type= Block I [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Zat tempur multiperan]]<br />Block II [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Zat tempur unggul udara]] |national origin=Indonesia |manufacturer=[[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]] |designer=[https://id.linkedin.com/showcase/vlr-consulting-group/ Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa] |first flight=Durung kaweruhan |introduced= |retired= |status=Prototipe (Sajjeroning pangembangan) |primary user=Durung kaweruhan |more users= |produced= |number built= 1 Unit Prototype<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref>|unit cost=|developed from=|variants with their own articles=|developed into=}} |} '''Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan''' inggih punika program pangembangan [[pesawat tempur multiperan|zat tempur multiperan]] generasi 4.5 lan [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|zat tempur unggul udara]] generasi 5 [[Indonesia]] ingkang dipuntindakaken dening [[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Zat tempur punika dipunrancang minangka zat tempur ukuran menengah-ngeboti kanthi mesin ganda, kursi ganda, mawi sistem [[avionik]] modern lan fitur berkinerja dhuwur, supados saged ngebaki peran wigati minangka sarana pelatihan penerbang modern liwat kinerja ingkang sae piyambak. Mockup saking zat tempur punika sampun dipunpameraken wonten ing arena njawi [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ing booth OD 60 ingkang dipunawontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Rizkia|first=Zulaika|date=2023-11-13|title=I-22 Sikatan Dikembangkan Bukan Buat TNI AU Tapi Infoglobal Rela Kucurkan Uang Karena Indonesia Ternyata Punya Bidikan - Zona Jakarta|url=https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan|website=Zona Jakarta|language=id|access-date=2024-02-21}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan minangka program pangembangan zat tempur kaping kalih ingkang dipuntindakaken dening Indonesia. Sadurungipun, Indonesia, liwat [[Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional|LAPAN]], nate ngembangaken zat tempur multiperan siluman generasi kaping gansal kanthi nama [[LAPAN Fighter Experimental (LFX)]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Liputan6.com|date=2014-04-22|title=LFX, Pengembangan Pesawat Tempur Indonesia yang Tertunda|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2040091/lfx-pengembangan-pesawat-tempur-indonesia-yang-tertunda|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-06-30}}</ref> ing taun 2012, nanging program kasebat dipunbekukaken ing taun 2013 nganti sapriki tanpa wonten kajelasan. == Sistem Penamaan == Aksara "I" ing nama pesawat dipunpendhet saking nama perusahaan ingkang ndamel, yaiku Infoglobal, dene angka "22" nuduhaken taun 2022 ing ngendi mock-up pesawat punika kapisan dipuntampilaken wonten ing acara Indo Defence Expo & Forum.<ref name=":0" /> Sauntara punika, nama Sikatan dipunpendhet saking nama jinis manuk [[Ficedula|Sikatan]] ingkang kathah dipunpanggangi ing sawetara negara [[Asia Tenggara]]. Manuk punika misuwur amargi trampil lan gesit nalika miber. Paring nama Sikatan marang pesawat I-22 punika gadhah pangarep-arep benjang I-22 saged miber kanthi gesit kados dene manuk Sikatan ing alam liar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Aksara Purwaka === Beda kaliyan Amerika Serikat lan Tiongkok ingkang penamaan pesawatipun nggunakaken aksara purwaka (awalan) kanggē nuduhaken fungsi saking pesawat kasebat,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Cracking the Aircraft Designation Code|url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/cracking-aircraft-designation-code|website=U.S. Naval Institute|language=en|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Military Aircraft Designations|url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html|website=designation-systems.net|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> I-22 malah nggunakaken nama perusahaan pembuatipun minangka aksara purwaka. Sistem penamaan punika sami kados ingkang dipun-damel dening [[Rusia]] kanggē pesawat-pesawatipun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-19|title=Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_military_aircraft_designation_systems&oldid=1150608769|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Minangka conto, aksara SU ing pesawat [[Sukhoi Su-57|Su-57]] nuduhaken perusahaan pembuatipun yaiku [[Sukhoi]]. Bab punika berlaku kanggē meh sedaya pesawat Rusia<ref name=":2" /> kados TU kanggē [[Tupolev]], MIG kanggē [[Mikoyan]], IL kanggē [[Ilyushin]], lan taksih kathah maneh. Beda kaliyan Amerika lan Tiongkok ingkang aksara purwakanipun nuduhaken fungsi pesawat, kados F kanggē Fighter, J kanggē Jianjiji (fighter), B kanggē Bomber, H kanggē Hongzhaji (bomber), lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /> Nanging bab punika mboten ateges sedaya pesawat tempur buatan Indonesia ing tembe bakal nggunakaken sistem penamaan kasebat, amargi nama I-22 Sikatan mboten dipunparingi dening pemerintah, nanging dening perusahaan Infoglobal piyambak. == Desain == Konsep desain I-22 Sikatan dipungagas nindakaken kerja sami kaliyan firma desain kedirgantaraan lokal [[Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurw|date=2022-11-26|title=DEFENSE STUDIES: Menengok Konsep Pesawat Tempur Generasi 4,5 dari Infoglobal|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2022/11/menengok-konsep-pesawat-tempur-generasi.html|website=DEFENSE STUDIES|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> ingkang dipunpangarsi dening tilas penerbang kendaraan udara nirawak komersial ([[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]), Sunanto Ajidarmo. Wonten pameran kasebat, Sunanto ngandharaken i-22 Sikatan minangka konsep pesawat tempur bermesin ganda kanthi desain ingkang dipun-inspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Militer|first=Garuda|date=Kamis, 08 Desember 2022|title=Garuda Militer: i-22 Sikatan Infoglobal|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2022/12/i-22-sikatan-infoglobal.html#|website=Garuda Militer|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indo Defence 2022: Indonesian aerospace firm unveils 4.5-generation fighter concept|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Desain punika nyajikaken wujud [[Penampang lintang radar|penampang radar]] ingkang dipunsuda lan kathah-kathahipun nggunakaken bahan komposit kanggē nambah karakter silumanipun.[[File:Saab JAS 39 Gripen at Kaivopuisto Air Show, June 2017 (altered) copy.jpg|thumb|240px|Saab JAS 39 Gripen wonten ing pagelaran Kaivopuisto Air Show.]] I-22 Sikatan gadhah dimensi ingkang ringkes kanthi dawa 12,5 meter, [[rentang sayap|jembar sayap]] 7 meter, lan dhuwur 3,5 meter. Pesawat punika sengaja dirancang mawi ukuran cilik amargi bakal dipun-ngangge minangka pesawat tempur utama lan saged dipun-ginakaken kanggē patroli jarak tebih.<ref>https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept</ref> Sudut kemiringan sirip jejegipun dipunrancang kanggē mbuwang pantulan gelombang radar menyang samping, sanes wangsul menyang sumber radar mungsuh. Garis tajam ingkang dawa saking irung nganti tekan sayap (chine) gadhah fungsi memecah turbulensi sarta nyuda Radar Cross Section (RCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> Konsep punika gadhah kalih varian – satunggal mawi konfigurasi sayap canard, lan satunggal malih tanpa sayap canard. Konfigurasi sayap canard gadhah jembar sayap 9 meter, dene ingkang mboten gadhah sayap canard jembar sayapipun 9,6 meter. Loro-loronipun konsep kasebat dipunrancang jangkep wonten ing njero negeri dening para insinyur dirgantara lokal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KASKUS|title=Indo Defence 2022: PT Infoglobal Tampilkan Mockup Jet Tempur i-22 Sikatan|url=https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/6368ea4f68f1707c384efdfb/indo-defence-2022-pt-infoglobal-tampilkan-mockup-jet-tempur-i-22-sikatan|website=KASKUS|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mock-up ingkang dipun-pameraken ing Indo Defence 2022 inggih punika varian tanpa canard, lan dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran aslinipun kanggē nggampilaken pangaturan pengiriman lan taksih wujud mockup kasar. Infoglobal ngrancang nggunakaken mesin saking Hawk Mk.209 kanggē prototipe kapisanipun, nanging wonten spekulasi ing tembe wingking babagan potensi panganggean [[mesin jet]] asil reverse engineering.<ref>https://tni-au.mil.id/berita/detail/depohar-30-dislitbangau-dan-pt-its-berkolaborasi-dalam-reverse-engineering-pesawat-hawk-mk-209</ref> == Pangembangan == Program pangembangan bakal dipuntindakaken wonten ing tigang tahap. Wonten ing tahap kapisan, pesawat bakal dipun-kembangaken minangka [[pesawat latih|pesawat latih]]. Tahap kaping kalih bakal dados demonstrator. Lajeng, fase pungkasan bakal dados sistem penuh.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/63bb866f43375|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}} Sistem penuh kasebat inggih punika I-22 varian Multirole lan I-22 varian Superioritas Udara ingkang pancen dados kabetahan primer pertahanan udara saking jinis pesawat tempur</ref> Infoglobal sampun ngawiti Program Sikatan i-22 kanthi tujuan penguasaan teknologi pesawat tempur lan ningali potensi pasar kanthi manfaataken pengalaman lan katrampilanipun ing desain/produksi sistem pesawat ingkang hemat biaya.<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref> === Indo Defence 2022 === Wonten ing acara [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ingkang dipun-awontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022, PT. Infoglobal kanggē kapisanipun ngenalaken mockup saking pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ing arena outdoor booth OD 60.<ref name=":3" /> Mock-up ingkang dipunpameraken inggih punika varian tanpa canard, dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran asli supados gampil dipuntata nalika pengiriman lan taksih rupa mockup kasar. [[File:Mockup I-22 Sikatan Indo Defense 2024.png|thumb|Mockup pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan sesarengan kaliyan pesawat nirawak Wani-23]] === Indo Defence 2024 === Wonten ing pagelaran Indo Defence 2024 ingkang dipun-awontenaken tanggal 11 - 14 Juni 2025, PT Infoglobal nampilaken pangembangan paling anyar saking program i-22 Sikatan, kalebet model kokpit skala penuh lan simulator penerbanganipun. Kehadiran punika nglanjutaken partisipasi perusahaan wonten ing pameran rong taunan kasebat, sasampunipun sadurungipun ugi memamerkan model lan versi berskala luwih cilik ing taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Pamerkan Kokpit Skala Penuh i-22 Sikatan|url=https://gbp.com.sg/regional_stories/infoglobal-pamerkan-kokpit-skala-penuh-i-22-sikatan/|website=GBP|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan Demonstrator ingkang dipun-pameraken nuduhaken kemajuan sajjeroning pangembangan teknologi pesawat tempur, kalebet desain kokpit ingkang modern. Pesawat punika dipunjangkepi fitur [[fly-by-wire]], ing ngendi flight control utawi [[sistem kendali]] penerbangan mlaku kanthi elektronik liwat joystick lan throttle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Unveils Full-Scale i-22 Sikatan Cockpit|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/684bdbe9604cc|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> [[File:Full Scale Cockpit & Demonstrator I-22 Sikatan.jpg|thumb|Kokpit lan demonstrator skala penuh pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ingkang dipunpameraken ing pameran Indo Defense 2024]] Sebagean gedhe konfigurasi avionikipun terintegrasi sajjeroning siji panoramic display berukuran 25”. Layar punika nampilaken macem-macem data, wiwit saking CNI System, Map-based navigation, Fuel & Engine Monitoring System, Integrated Caution and Warning System (ICAWS), nganti tekan Weapon System. i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi IESD minangka backup flight instrument, sarta fitur day/night mode kanggē operasional pesawat ing lingkungan kanthi cahya sithik utawi wektu wengi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instagram/infoglobal|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKy7vc2TLcJ/|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mboten namung wonten ing kokpit, i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) ingkang ngemungaken data penerbangan wigati dipunproyeksikaken langkung menyang [[retina]] pilot liwat tampilan ing helm, saengga nambah kesadaran situasional pilot sajjeroning misi. I-22 dipunproyeksikaken nggunakaken AESA Radar lan sistem Data Link ingkang ngemungaken pesawat punika bertempur kanthi "senyap" tanpa kudu nyalakaken radar aktif ingkang saged dipundeteksi dening mungsuh. == Kontroversi == [[File:The third prototype of the KF-21 Boramae on display at the 2022 Sacheon Airshow.png|thumb|240px|Prototipe kaping tiga KF-21 Boramae.]] I-22 Sikatan sering dipun-tingali negatif mliginipun dening pengamat militer [[Korea Selatan]] lan [[Tiongkok]]. Desain I-22 Sikatan kerep dipunanggep mirip kaliyan [[KAI KF-21 Boramae|KF-21 Boramae]] saking Korea Selatan lan [[Chengdu J-20|J-20]] saking Tiongkok. Malah sawetara pengamat militer Korea Selatan curiga yen wonten ingkang mbocorken teknologi inti KF-21 menyang Indonesia amargi wektu dipun-kenalaken I-22 terlalau 'kebeneran' ing tengah nunggakipun utang Indonesia ing proyek KF-21. Dheweke curiga yen Indonesia bakal metu saking proyek KF-21 lan mbangun I-22 mawi teknologi KF-21 ingkang sampun dipun-gadhahi kanthi meneng-meneng. Nanging, beda kaliyan fakta ing lapangan amargi kebanyakan masyarakat Korea durung ngerti babagan anane I-22 Sikatan. [[File:J-20 at CCAS2022 (20220827103424).jpg|thumb|240px|J-20 Mighty Dragon gadhahipun Tiongkok.]] Sanadyan durung saged dipunpastiaken kasetenanipun, sawetara pengamat militer Tiongkok ugi tumut nuduh yen Indonesia sampun njiplak rancangan pesawat tempur J-20.<ref>{{Cite web|title=除土耳其无人机之外,又多一国仿制我们的歼20,连DSI进气道都有?_印尼_战机_国家|url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/619069242_121432636|website=www.sohu.com|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Sanadyan [[Direktur utama|CEO]] Infoglobal piyambak ngendika yen desain I-22 terinspirasi saking JAS-39 Gripen, nanging mboten saged dipunsangkal yen desain I-22 pancen mirip sanget kaliyan J-20. == Varian (proyeksi) == Wonten tigang versi ingkang dipunrancangkan:<ref name="airspace-review">{{Cite web |last=Sawiyya |first=Rangga Baswara |date=2022-11-06 |title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21 |url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/ |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=Airspace Review |language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Block I''': Generasi kaping 4.5, punika gadhah 2 varian yaiku [[pesawat latih|Pesawat Latih Lanjut]] & [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Pesawat Tempur Multiperan]] kanthi sistem avionik anyar kanggē kabetahan pelatihan pilot lan pertahanan negara saking ancaman pesawat tempur multiperan lintunipun. * '''Block II''': Generasi kaping 5, varian [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Pesawat Tempur Superioritas Udara]], nanging ugi gadhah kemampuan kanggē nindakaken pertempuran dharat, peperangan elektronik, lan [[SIGINT|sinyal intelijen]] kanthi sistem avionik canggih, kompartemen senjata internal lan kemampuan silumanipun sarta berpotensi ngalami pembesaran desain pesawat. * '''Demonstrator Teknologi''': Versi demonstrasi teknologi sadurunge '''Block I'''. == Spesifikasi (proyeksi) == Adhedhasar data spesifikasi.<ref name="jawapos">{{cite news|url=https://infoglobal.co.id/be/api/media/file/1604602.pdf|publisher=Jawa Pos|title=Alutsista Buatan Lokal Siap Tembus Dominasi Global|date=2025-07-01|first=Azami|last=Ramadhan|location=Surabaya|language=id}}</ref> [[File:Infoglobal_I-22_Sikatan_Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block I saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] [[File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block II saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] === Karakteristik Utama === * Kapasitas Kru: 1 utawi 2 * Desain Block 1: Wiwitanipun terinspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]] nanging luwih mirip kaliyan [[Chengdu J-20]], ngadopsi karakter siluman kanthi citra radar rendah lan nggunakaken [[material komposit]] * Desain Block 2: Ngadopsi konfigurasi canard-delta berbasis blended wing-body (BWB), ingkang ngombinasikaken elemen aerodinamis Chengdu J-20 (sirip canard aktif) kaliyan tata letak siluman F-22 Raptor (twin canted tail lan geometri penampang radar rendah). Konstruksi airframe manfaataken Komposit Serat Karbon Lanjut (Advanced CFRP) lan Titanium-Matrix Composite (TMC), dipundhaptarake kaliyan pelapis Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial, Diverterless Supersonic Inlet (DSI), sarta Thrust Vectoring Nozzles (TVN) kanggē nyuda jejak inframerah lan penampang radar (RCS). * Dawane: 12.5&nbsp;m (perkiraan 18m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Jembar sayap: 7m (perkiraan 13m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Dhuwur: 3.5m (5.3m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Bobot: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * [[Berat lepas landas maksimum|Bobot lepas landas maksimum]]: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * Mesin: Dipunsengkuyung dening Mesin Turbofan 2x Reverse engineering / WS-10 series kanggē block 1 (Varian Block 2 durung dipuntentukan, kemungkinan ''Low-bypass Afterburning Turbofan'') * Sistem kontrol: Block 1, Digital Fly-by-Wire (DFBW) Quad-redundant mawi Flight Envelope Protectional mawi layar panorama 25 inci lan Sistem Tampilan Terpasang Helmet-Mounted Display System (HMDS) kanthi integrasi VR/AR. Sauntara punika Block 2, ''Advanced DFBW'' (utawi ''Fly-by-Light'' / FBL) terintegrasi ''Thrust Vector Control'' (TVC) lan kontrol ''High Angle-of-Attack'' (AoA). * Sistem radar: Radar AESA-X (experimental) buatan Infoglobal * Lambung Senjata: Internal Weapon Bay === Fitur siluman === Wonten ing rancangan konsep varian Block 2, I-22 Sikatan dipunproyeksikaken manfaataken lapisan Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial ingkang dipunintegrasikaken ing struktur komposit pesawat. Penggunaan metamaterial punika dipunmaksudaken kanggē nyuda nilai Radar Cross Section (RCS) kanthi nyerap spektrum gelombang radar ingkang luwih jembar (broadband), sarta nyuda bobot fisik yen dipunbandingaken kaliyan RAM konvensional berbasis ferit utawi polimer konduktif kados dene ingkang dipungunakaken ing F-22 Raptor. Sanadyan katulis sajjeroning dokumen spesifikasi target, penggunaan pelapis metamaterial punika taksih mawi status proyeksi teknis jangka dawa. Secara global, pengaplikasian metamaterial ing kerangka pesawat tempur taksih wonten ing tahap riset lan uji coba terbatas, dene fokus pangembangan I-22 Sikatan wektu punika taksih dipunprioritasaken ing varian latih & multiperan (Block 1) lan integrasi avionik. === Performa === * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach udakara 2.350 km/jam nggunakaken twin-engine aircraft (Block 1). * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach nganti 2,6 Mach (udakara 2. == Referensi == 4lcp7ikdusfrpw7inrwfrm8n00ldeca 1756344 1756343 2026-09-12T08:52:34Z Presiden revanisme 70645 1756344 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox aircraft |name=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan |image=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan Sketchfab.png |type= Block I [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Zat tempur multiperan]]<br />Block II [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Zat tempur unggul udara]] |national origin=Indonesia |manufacturer=[[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]] |designer=[https://id.linkedin.com/showcase/vlr-consulting-group/ Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa] |first flight=Durung kaweruhan |introduced= |retired= |status=Prototipe (Sajjeroning pangembangan) |primary user=Durung kaweruhan |more users= |produced= |number built= 1 Unit Prototype<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref>|unit cost=|developed from=|variants with their own articles=|developed into=}} |} '''Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan''' inggih punika program pangembangan [[pesawat tempur multiperan|zat tempur multiperan]] generasi 4.5 lan [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|zat tempur unggul udara]] generasi 5 [[Indonesia]] ingkang dipuntindakaken dening [[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Zat tempur punika dipunrancang minangka zat tempur ukuran menengah-ngeboti kanthi mesin ganda, kursi ganda, mawi sistem [[avionik]] modern lan fitur berkinerja dhuwur, supados saged ngebaki peran wigati minangka sarana pelatihan penerbang modern liwat kinerja ingkang sae piyambak. Mockup saking zat tempur punika sampun dipunpameraken wonten ing arena njawi [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ing booth OD 60 ingkang dipunawontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Rizkia|first=Zulaika|date=2023-11-13|title=I-22 Sikatan Dikembangkan Bukan Buat TNI AU Tapi Infoglobal Rela Kucurkan Uang Karena Indonesia Ternyata Punya Bidikan - Zona Jakarta|url=https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan|website=Zona Jakarta|language=id|access-date=2024-02-21}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan minangka program pangembangan zat tempur kaping kalih ingkang dipuntindakaken dening Indonesia. Sadurungipun, Indonesia, liwat [[Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional|LAPAN]], nate ngembangaken zat tempur multiperan siluman generasi kaping gansal kanthi nama [[LAPAN Fighter Experimental (LFX)]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Liputan6.com|date=2014-04-22|title=LFX, Pengembangan Pesawat Tempur Indonesia yang Tertunda|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2040091/lfx-pengembangan-pesawat-tempur-indonesia-yang-tertunda|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-06-30}}</ref> ing taun 2012, nanging program kasebat dipunbekukaken ing taun 2013 nganti sapriki tanpa wonten kajelasan. == Sistem Penamaan == Aksara "I" ing nama pesawat dipunpendhet saking nama perusahaan ingkang ndamel, yaiku Infoglobal, dene angka "22" nuduhaken taun 2022 ing ngendi mock-up pesawat punika kapisan dipuntampilaken wonten ing acara Indo Defence Expo & Forum.<ref name=":0" /> Sauntara punika, nama Sikatan dipunpendhet saking nama jinis manuk [[Ficedula|Sikatan]] ingkang kathah dipunpanggangi ing sawetara negara [[Asia Tenggara]]. Manuk punika misuwur amargi trampil lan gesit nalika miber. Paring nama Sikatan marang pesawat I-22 punika gadhah pangarep-arep benjang I-22 saged miber kanthi gesit kados dene manuk Sikatan ing alam liar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Aksara Purwaka === Beda kaliyan Amerika Serikat lan Tiongkok ingkang penamaan pesawatipun nggunakaken aksara purwaka (awalan) kanggē nuduhaken fungsi saking pesawat kasebat,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Cracking the Aircraft Designation Code|url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/cracking-aircraft-designation-code|website=U.S. Naval Institute|language=en|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Military Aircraft Designations|url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html|website=designation-systems.net|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> I-22 malah nggunakaken nama perusahaan pembuatipun minangka aksara purwaka. Sistem penamaan punika sami kados ingkang dipun-damel dening [[Rusia]] kanggē pesawat-pesawatipun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-19|title=Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_military_aircraft_designation_systems&oldid=1150608769|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Minangka conto, aksara SU ing pesawat [[Sukhoi Su-57|Su-57]] nuduhaken perusahaan pembuatipun yaiku [[Sukhoi]]. Bab punika berlaku kanggē meh sedaya pesawat Rusia<ref name=":2" /> kados TU kanggē [[Tupolev]], MIG kanggē [[Mikoyan]], IL kanggē [[Ilyushin]], lan taksih kathah maneh. Beda kaliyan Amerika lan Tiongkok ingkang aksara purwakanipun nuduhaken fungsi pesawat, kados F kanggē Fighter, J kanggē Jianjiji (fighter), B kanggē Bomber, H kanggē Hongzhaji (bomber), lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /> Nanging bab punika mboten ateges sedaya pesawat tempur buatan Indonesia ing tembe bakal nggunakaken sistem penamaan kasebat, amargi nama I-22 Sikatan mboten dipunparingi dening pemerintah, nanging dening perusahaan Infoglobal piyambak. == Desain == Konsep desain I-22 Sikatan dipungagas nindakaken kerja sami kaliyan firma desain kedirgantaraan lokal [[Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurw|date=2022-11-26|title=DEFENSE STUDIES: Menengok Konsep Pesawat Tempur Generasi 4,5 dari Infoglobal|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2022/11/menengok-konsep-pesawat-tempur-generasi.html|website=DEFENSE STUDIES|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> ingkang dipunpangarsi dening tilas penerbang kendaraan udara nirawak komersial ([[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]), Sunanto Ajidarmo. Wonten pameran kasebat, Sunanto ngandharaken i-22 Sikatan minangka konsep pesawat tempur bermesin ganda kanthi desain ingkang dipun-inspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Militer|first=Garuda|date=Kamis, 08 Desember 2022|title=Garuda Militer: i-22 Sikatan Infoglobal|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2022/12/i-22-sikatan-infoglobal.html#|website=Garuda Militer|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indo Defence 2022: Indonesian aerospace firm unveils 4.5-generation fighter concept|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Desain punika nyajikaken wujud [[Penampang lintang radar|penampang radar]] ingkang dipunsuda lan kathah-kathahipun nggunakaken bahan komposit kanggē nambah karakter silumanipun.[[File:Saab JAS 39 Gripen at Kaivopuisto Air Show, June 2017 (altered) copy.jpg|thumb|240px|Saab JAS 39 Gripen wonten ing pagelaran Kaivopuisto Air Show.]] I-22 Sikatan gadhah dimensi ingkang ringkes kanthi dawa 12,5 meter, [[rentang sayap|jembar sayap]] 7 meter, lan dhuwur 3,5 meter. Pesawat punika sengaja dirancang mawi ukuran cilik amargi bakal dipun-ngangge minangka pesawat tempur utama lan saged dipun-ginakaken kanggē patroli jarak tebih.<ref>https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept</ref> Sudut kemiringan sirip jejegipun dipunrancang kanggē mbuwang pantulan gelombang radar menyang samping, sanes wangsul menyang sumber radar mungsuh. Garis tajam ingkang dawa saking irung nganti tekan sayap (chine) gadhah fungsi memecah turbulensi sarta nyuda Radar Cross Section (RCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> Konsep punika gadhah kalih varian – satunggal mawi konfigurasi sayap canard, lan satunggal malih tanpa sayap canard. Konfigurasi sayap canard gadhah jembar sayap 9 meter, dene ingkang mboten gadhah sayap canard jembar sayapipun 9,6 meter. Loro-loronipun konsep kasebat dipunrancang jangkep wonten ing njero negeri dening para insinyur dirgantara lokal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KASKUS|title=Indo Defence 2022: PT Infoglobal Tampilkan Mockup Jet Tempur i-22 Sikatan|url=https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/6368ea4f68f1707c384efdfb/indo-defence-2022-pt-infoglobal-tampilkan-mockup-jet-tempur-i-22-sikatan|website=KASKUS|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mock-up ingkang dipun-pameraken ing Indo Defence 2022 inggih punika varian tanpa canard, lan dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran aslinipun kanggē nggampilaken pangaturan pengiriman lan taksih wujud mockup kasar. Infoglobal ngrancang nggunakaken mesin saking Hawk Mk.209 kanggē prototipe kapisanipun, nanging wonten spekulasi ing tembe wingking babagan potensi panganggean [[mesin jet]] asil reverse engineering.<ref>https://tni-au.mil.id/berita/detail/depohar-30-dislitbangau-dan-pt-its-berkolaborasi-dalam-reverse-engineering-pesawat-hawk-mk-209</ref> == Pangembangan == Program pangembangan bakal dipuntindakaken wonten ing tigang tahap. Wonten ing tahap kapisan, pesawat bakal dipun-kembangaken minangka [[pesawat latih|pesawat latih]]. Tahap kaping kalih bakal dados demonstrator. Lajeng, fase pungkasan bakal dados sistem penuh.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/63bb866f43375|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}} Sistem penuh kasebat inggih punika I-22 varian Multirole lan I-22 varian Superioritas Udara ingkang pancen dados kabetahan primer pertahanan udara saking jinis pesawat tempur</ref> Infoglobal sampun ngawiti Program Sikatan i-22 kanthi tujuan penguasaan teknologi pesawat tempur lan ningali potensi pasar kanthi manfaataken pengalaman lan katrampilanipun ing desain/produksi sistem pesawat ingkang hemat biaya.<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref> === Indo Defence 2022 === Wonten ing acara [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ingkang dipun-awontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022, PT. Infoglobal kanggē kapisanipun ngenalaken mockup saking pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ing arena outdoor booth OD 60.<ref name=":3" /> Mock-up ingkang dipunpameraken inggih punika varian tanpa canard, dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran asli supados gampil dipuntata nalika pengiriman lan taksih rupa mockup kasar. [[File:Mockup I-22 Sikatan Indo Defense 2024.png|thumb|Mockup pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan sesarengan kaliyan pesawat nirawak Wani-23]] === Indo Defence 2024 === Wonten ing pagelaran Indo Defence 2024 ingkang dipun-awontenaken tanggal 11 - 14 Juni 2025, PT Infoglobal nampilaken pangembangan paling anyar saking program i-22 Sikatan, kalebet model kokpit skala penuh lan simulator penerbanganipun. Kehadiran punika nglanjutaken partisipasi perusahaan wonten ing pameran rong taunan kasebat, sasampunipun sadurungipun ugi memamerkan model lan versi berskala luwih cilik ing taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Pamerkan Kokpit Skala Penuh i-22 Sikatan|url=https://gbp.com.sg/regional_stories/infoglobal-pamerkan-kokpit-skala-penuh-i-22-sikatan/|website=GBP|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan Demonstrator ingkang dipun-pameraken nuduhaken kemajuan sajjeroning pangembangan teknologi pesawat tempur, kalebet desain kokpit ingkang modern. Pesawat punika dipunjangkepi fitur [[fly-by-wire]], ing ngendi flight control utawi [[sistem kendali]] penerbangan mlaku kanthi elektronik liwat joystick lan throttle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Unveils Full-Scale i-22 Sikatan Cockpit|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/684bdbe9604cc|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> [[File:Full Scale Cockpit & Demonstrator I-22 Sikatan.jpg|thumb|Kokpit lan demonstrator skala penuh pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ingkang dipunpameraken ing pameran Indo Defense 2024]] Sebagean gedhe konfigurasi avionikipun terintegrasi sajjeroning siji panoramic display berukuran 25”. Layar punika nampilaken macem-macem data, wiwit saking CNI System, Map-based navigation, Fuel & Engine Monitoring System, Integrated Caution and Warning System (ICAWS), nganti tekan Weapon System. i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi IESD minangka backup flight instrument, sarta fitur day/night mode kanggē operasional pesawat ing lingkungan kanthi cahya sithik utawi wektu wengi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instagram/infoglobal|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKy7vc2TLcJ/|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mboten namung wonten ing kokpit, i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) ingkang ngemungaken data penerbangan wigati dipunproyeksikaken langkung menyang [[retina]] pilot liwat tampilan ing helm, saengga nambah kesadaran situasional pilot sajjeroning misi. I-22 dipunproyeksikaken nggunakaken AESA Radar lan sistem Data Link ingkang ngemungaken pesawat punika bertempur kanthi "senyap" tanpa kudu nyalakaken radar aktif ingkang saged dipundeteksi dening mungsuh. == Kontroversi == [[File:The third prototype of the KF-21 Boramae on display at the 2022 Sacheon Airshow.png|thumb|240px|Prototipe kaping tiga KF-21 Boramae.]] I-22 Sikatan sering dipun-tingali negatif mliginipun dening pengamat militer [[Korea Selatan]] lan [[Tiongkok]]. Desain I-22 Sikatan kerep dipunanggep mirip kaliyan [[KAI KF-21 Boramae|KF-21 Boramae]] saking Korea Selatan lan [[Chengdu J-20|J-20]] saking Tiongkok. Malah sawetara pengamat militer Korea Selatan curiga yen wonten ingkang mbocorken teknologi inti KF-21 menyang Indonesia amargi wektu dipun-kenalaken I-22 terlalau 'kebeneran' ing tengah nunggakipun utang Indonesia ing proyek KF-21. Dheweke curiga yen Indonesia bakal metu saking proyek KF-21 lan mbangun I-22 mawi teknologi KF-21 ingkang sampun dipun-gadhahi kanthi meneng-meneng. Nanging, beda kaliyan fakta ing lapangan amargi kebanyakan masyarakat Korea durung ngerti babagan anane I-22 Sikatan. [[File:J-20 at CCAS2022 (20220827103424).jpg|thumb|240px|J-20 Mighty Dragon gadhahipun Tiongkok.]] Sanadyan durung saged dipunpastiaken kasetenanipun, sawetara pengamat militer Tiongkok ugi tumut nuduh yen Indonesia sampun njiplak rancangan pesawat tempur J-20.<ref>{{Cite web|title=除土耳其无人机之外,又多一国仿制我们的歼20,连DSI进气道都有?_印尼_战机_国家|url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/619069242_121432636|website=www.sohu.com|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Sanadyan [[Direktur utama|CEO]] Infoglobal piyambak ngendika yen desain I-22 terinspirasi saking JAS-39 Gripen, nanging mboten saged dipunsangkal yen desain I-22 pancen mirip sanget kaliyan J-20. == Varian (proyeksi) == Wonten tigang versi ingkang dipunrancangkan:<ref name="airspace-review">{{Cite web |last=Sawiyya |first=Rangga Baswara |date=2022-11-06 |title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21 |url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/ |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=Airspace Review |language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Block I''': Generasi kaping 4.5, punika gadhah 2 varian yaiku [[pesawat latih|Pesawat Latih Lanjut]] & [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Pesawat Tempur Multiperan]] kanthi sistem avionik anyar kanggē kabetahan pelatihan pilot lan pertahanan negara saking ancaman pesawat tempur multiperan lintunipun. * '''Block II''': Generasi kaping 5, varian [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Pesawat Tempur Superioritas Udara]], nanging ugi gadhah kemampuan kanggē nindakaken pertempuran dharat, peperangan elektronik, lan [[SIGINT|sinyal intelijen]] kanthi sistem avionik canggih, kompartemen senjata internal lan kemampuan silumanipun sarta berpotensi ngalami pembesaran desain pesawat. * '''Demonstrator Teknologi''': Versi demonstrasi teknologi sadurunge '''Block I'''. == Spesifikasi (proyeksi) == Adhedhasar data spesifikasi.<ref name="jawapos">{{cite news|url=https://infoglobal.co.id/be/api/media/file/1604602.pdf|publisher=Jawa Pos|title=Alutsista Buatan Lokal Siap Tembus Dominasi Global|date=2025-07-01|first=Azami|last=Ramadhan|location=Surabaya|language=id}}</ref> [[File:Infoglobal_I-22_Sikatan_Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block I saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] [[File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block II saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] === Karakteristik Utama === * Kapasitas Kru: 1 utawi 2 * Desain Block 1: Wiwitanipun terinspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]] nanging luwih mirip kaliyan [[Chengdu J-20]], ngadopsi karakter siluman kanthi citra radar rendah lan nggunakaken [[material komposit]] * Desain Block 2: Ngadopsi konfigurasi canard-delta berbasis blended wing-body (BWB), ingkang ngombinasikaken elemen aerodinamis Chengdu J-20 (sirip canard aktif) kaliyan tata letak siluman F-22 Raptor (twin canted tail lan geometri penampang radar rendah). Konstruksi airframe manfaataken Komposit Serat Karbon Lanjut (Advanced CFRP) lan Titanium-Matrix Composite (TMC), dipundhaptarake kaliyan pelapis Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial, Diverterless Supersonic Inlet (DSI), sarta Thrust Vectoring Nozzles (TVN) kanggē nyuda jejak inframerah lan penampang radar (RCS). * Dawane: 12.5&nbsp;m (perkiraan 18m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Jembar sayap: 7m (perkiraan 13m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Dhuwur: 3.5m (5.3m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Bobot: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * [[Berat lepas landas maksimum|Bobot lepas landas maksimum]]: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * Mesin: Dipunsengkuyung dening Mesin Turbofan 2x Reverse engineering / WS-10 series kanggē block 1 (Varian Block 2 durung dipuntentukan, kemungkinan ''Low-bypass Afterburning Turbofan'') * Sistem kontrol: Block 1, Digital Fly-by-Wire (DFBW) Quad-redundant mawi Flight Envelope Protectional mawi layar panorama 25 inci lan Sistem Tampilan Terpasang Helmet-Mounted Display System (HMDS) kanthi integrasi VR/AR. Sauntara punika Block 2, ''Advanced DFBW'' (utawi ''Fly-by-Light'' / FBL) terintegrasi ''Thrust Vector Control'' (TVC) lan kontrol ''High Angle-of-Attack'' (AoA). * Sistem radar: Radar AESA-X (experimental) buatan Infoglobal * Lambung Senjata: Internal Weapon Bay === Fitur siluman === Wonten ing rancangan konsep varian Block 2, I-22 Sikatan dipunproyeksikaken manfaataken lapisan Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial ingkang dipunintegrasikaken ing struktur komposit pesawat. Penggunaan metamaterial punika dipunmaksudaken kanggē nyuda nilai Radar Cross Section (RCS) kanthi nyerap spektrum gelombang radar ingkang luwih jembar (broadband), sarta nyuda bobot fisik yen dipunbandingaken kaliyan RAM konvensional berbasis ferit utawi polimer konduktif kados dene ingkang dipungunakaken ing F-22 Raptor. Sanadyan katulis sajjeroning dokumen spesifikasi target, penggunaan pelapis metamaterial punika taksih mawi status proyeksi teknis jangka dawa. Secara global, pengaplikasian metamaterial ing kerangka pesawat tempur taksih wonten ing tahap riset lan uji coba terbatas, dene fokus pangembangan I-22 Sikatan wektu punika taksih dipunprioritasaken ing varian latih & multiperan (Block 1) lan integrasi avionik. === Performa === * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach udakara 2.350 km/jam nggunakaken twin-engine aircraft (Block 1). * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach nganti 2,6 Mach (udakara 2. == Referensi == 5eu7pw8f5faf6455w5mgbcygxm715nc 1756345 1756344 2026-09-12T08:53:29Z Presiden revanisme 70645 1756345 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox aircraft |name=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan |image=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan Sketchfab.png |type= Block I [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Zat tempur multiperan]]<br />Block II [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Zat tempur unggul udara]] |national origin=Indonesia |manufacturer=[[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]] |designer=[https://id.linkedin.com/showcase/vlr-consulting-group/ Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa] |first flight=Durung kaweruhan |introduced= |retired= |status=Prototipe (Sajjeroning pangembangan) |primary user=Durung kaweruhan |more users= |produced= |number built= 1 Unit Prototype<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref>|unit cost=|developed from=|variants with their own articles=|developed into= |} '''Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan''' inggih punika program pangembangan [[pesawat tempur multiperan|zat tempur multiperan]] generasi 4.5 lan [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|zat tempur unggul udara]] generasi 5 [[Indonesia]] ingkang dipuntindakaken dening [[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Zat tempur punika dipunrancang minangka zat tempur ukuran menengah-ngeboti kanthi mesin ganda, kursi ganda, mawi sistem [[avionik]] modern lan fitur berkinerja dhuwur, supados saged ngebaki peran wigati minangka sarana pelatihan penerbang modern liwat kinerja ingkang sae piyambak. Mockup saking zat tempur punika sampun dipunpameraken wonten ing arena njawi [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ing booth OD 60 ingkang dipunawontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Rizkia|first=Zulaika|date=2023-11-13|title=I-22 Sikatan Dikembangkan Bukan Buat TNI AU Tapi Infoglobal Rela Kucurkan Uang Karena Indonesia Ternyata Punya Bidikan - Zona Jakarta|url=https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan|website=Zona Jakarta|language=id|access-date=2024-02-21}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan minangka program pangembangan zat tempur kaping kalih ingkang dipuntindakaken dening Indonesia. Sadurungipun, Indonesia, liwat [[Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional|LAPAN]], nate ngembangaken zat tempur multiperan siluman generasi kaping gansal kanthi nama [[LAPAN Fighter Experimental (LFX)]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Liputan6.com|date=2014-04-22|title=LFX, Pengembangan Pesawat Tempur Indonesia yang Tertunda|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2040091/lfx-pengembangan-pesawat-tempur-indonesia-yang-tertunda|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-06-30}}</ref> ing taun 2012, nanging program kasebat dipunbekukaken ing taun 2013 nganti sapriki tanpa wonten kajelasan. == Sistem Penamaan == Aksara "I" ing nama pesawat dipunpendhet saking nama perusahaan ingkang ndamel, yaiku Infoglobal, dene angka "22" nuduhaken taun 2022 ing ngendi mock-up pesawat punika kapisan dipuntampilaken wonten ing acara Indo Defence Expo & Forum.<ref name=":0" /> Sauntara punika, nama Sikatan dipunpendhet saking nama jinis manuk [[Ficedula|Sikatan]] ingkang kathah dipunpanggangi ing sawetara negara [[Asia Tenggara]]. Manuk punika misuwur amargi trampil lan gesit nalika miber. Paring nama Sikatan marang pesawat I-22 punika gadhah pangarep-arep benjang I-22 saged miber kanthi gesit kados dene manuk Sikatan ing alam liar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Aksara Purwaka === Beda kaliyan Amerika Serikat lan Tiongkok ingkang penamaan pesawatipun nggunakaken aksara purwaka (awalan) kanggē nuduhaken fungsi saking pesawat kasebat,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Cracking the Aircraft Designation Code|url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/cracking-aircraft-designation-code|website=U.S. Naval Institute|language=en|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Military Aircraft Designations|url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html|website=designation-systems.net|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> I-22 malah nggunakaken nama perusahaan pembuatipun minangka aksara purwaka. Sistem penamaan punika sami kados ingkang dipun-damel dening [[Rusia]] kanggē pesawat-pesawatipun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-19|title=Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_military_aircraft_designation_systems&oldid=1150608769|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Minangka conto, aksara SU ing pesawat [[Sukhoi Su-57|Su-57]] nuduhaken perusahaan pembuatipun yaiku [[Sukhoi]]. Bab punika berlaku kanggē meh sedaya pesawat Rusia<ref name=":2" /> kados TU kanggē [[Tupolev]], MIG kanggē [[Mikoyan]], IL kanggē [[Ilyushin]], lan taksih kathah maneh. Beda kaliyan Amerika lan Tiongkok ingkang aksara purwakanipun nuduhaken fungsi pesawat, kados F kanggē Fighter, J kanggē Jianjiji (fighter), B kanggē Bomber, H kanggē Hongzhaji (bomber), lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /> Nanging bab punika mboten ateges sedaya pesawat tempur buatan Indonesia ing tembe bakal nggunakaken sistem penamaan kasebat, amargi nama I-22 Sikatan mboten dipunparingi dening pemerintah, nanging dening perusahaan Infoglobal piyambak. == Desain == Konsep desain I-22 Sikatan dipungagas nindakaken kerja sami kaliyan firma desain kedirgantaraan lokal [[Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurw|date=2022-11-26|title=DEFENSE STUDIES: Menengok Konsep Pesawat Tempur Generasi 4,5 dari Infoglobal|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2022/11/menengok-konsep-pesawat-tempur-generasi.html|website=DEFENSE STUDIES|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> ingkang dipunpangarsi dening tilas penerbang kendaraan udara nirawak komersial ([[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]), Sunanto Ajidarmo. Wonten pameran kasebat, Sunanto ngandharaken i-22 Sikatan minangka konsep pesawat tempur bermesin ganda kanthi desain ingkang dipun-inspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Militer|first=Garuda|date=Kamis, 08 Desember 2022|title=Garuda Militer: i-22 Sikatan Infoglobal|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2022/12/i-22-sikatan-infoglobal.html#|website=Garuda Militer|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indo Defence 2022: Indonesian aerospace firm unveils 4.5-generation fighter concept|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Desain punika nyajikaken wujud [[Penampang lintang radar|penampang radar]] ingkang dipunsuda lan kathah-kathahipun nggunakaken bahan komposit kanggē nambah karakter silumanipun.[[File:Saab JAS 39 Gripen at Kaivopuisto Air Show, June 2017 (altered) copy.jpg|thumb|240px|Saab JAS 39 Gripen wonten ing pagelaran Kaivopuisto Air Show.]] I-22 Sikatan gadhah dimensi ingkang ringkes kanthi dawa 12,5 meter, [[rentang sayap|jembar sayap]] 7 meter, lan dhuwur 3,5 meter. Pesawat punika sengaja dirancang mawi ukuran cilik amargi bakal dipun-ngangge minangka pesawat tempur utama lan saged dipun-ginakaken kanggē patroli jarak tebih.<ref>https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept</ref> Sudut kemiringan sirip jejegipun dipunrancang kanggē mbuwang pantulan gelombang radar menyang samping, sanes wangsul menyang sumber radar mungsuh. Garis tajam ingkang dawa saking irung nganti tekan sayap (chine) gadhah fungsi memecah turbulensi sarta nyuda Radar Cross Section (RCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> Konsep punika gadhah kalih varian – satunggal mawi konfigurasi sayap canard, lan satunggal malih tanpa sayap canard. Konfigurasi sayap canard gadhah jembar sayap 9 meter, dene ingkang mboten gadhah sayap canard jembar sayapipun 9,6 meter. Loro-loronipun konsep kasebat dipunrancang jangkep wonten ing njero negeri dening para insinyur dirgantara lokal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KASKUS|title=Indo Defence 2022: PT Infoglobal Tampilkan Mockup Jet Tempur i-22 Sikatan|url=https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/6368ea4f68f1707c384efdfb/indo-defence-2022-pt-infoglobal-tampilkan-mockup-jet-tempur-i-22-sikatan|website=KASKUS|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mock-up ingkang dipun-pameraken ing Indo Defence 2022 inggih punika varian tanpa canard, lan dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran aslinipun kanggē nggampilaken pangaturan pengiriman lan taksih wujud mockup kasar. Infoglobal ngrancang nggunakaken mesin saking Hawk Mk.209 kanggē prototipe kapisanipun, nanging wonten spekulasi ing tembe wingking babagan potensi panganggean [[mesin jet]] asil reverse engineering.<ref>https://tni-au.mil.id/berita/detail/depohar-30-dislitbangau-dan-pt-its-berkolaborasi-dalam-reverse-engineering-pesawat-hawk-mk-209</ref> == Pangembangan == Program pangembangan bakal dipuntindakaken wonten ing tigang tahap. Wonten ing tahap kapisan, pesawat bakal dipun-kembangaken minangka [[pesawat latih|pesawat latih]]. Tahap kaping kalih bakal dados demonstrator. Lajeng, fase pungkasan bakal dados sistem penuh.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/63bb866f43375|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}} Sistem penuh kasebat inggih punika I-22 varian Multirole lan I-22 varian Superioritas Udara ingkang pancen dados kabetahan primer pertahanan udara saking jinis pesawat tempur</ref> Infoglobal sampun ngawiti Program Sikatan i-22 kanthi tujuan penguasaan teknologi pesawat tempur lan ningali potensi pasar kanthi manfaataken pengalaman lan katrampilanipun ing desain/produksi sistem pesawat ingkang hemat biaya.<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref> === Indo Defence 2022 === Wonten ing acara [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ingkang dipun-awontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022, PT. Infoglobal kanggē kapisanipun ngenalaken mockup saking pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ing arena outdoor booth OD 60.<ref name=":3" /> Mock-up ingkang dipunpameraken inggih punika varian tanpa canard, dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran asli supados gampil dipuntata nalika pengiriman lan taksih rupa mockup kasar. [[File:Mockup I-22 Sikatan Indo Defense 2024.png|thumb|Mockup pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan sesarengan kaliyan pesawat nirawak Wani-23]] === Indo Defence 2024 === Wonten ing pagelaran Indo Defence 2024 ingkang dipun-awontenaken tanggal 11 - 14 Juni 2025, PT Infoglobal nampilaken pangembangan paling anyar saking program i-22 Sikatan, kalebet model kokpit skala penuh lan simulator penerbanganipun. Kehadiran punika nglanjutaken partisipasi perusahaan wonten ing pameran rong taunan kasebat, sasampunipun sadurungipun ugi memamerkan model lan versi berskala luwih cilik ing taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Pamerkan Kokpit Skala Penuh i-22 Sikatan|url=https://gbp.com.sg/regional_stories/infoglobal-pamerkan-kokpit-skala-penuh-i-22-sikatan/|website=GBP|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan Demonstrator ingkang dipun-pameraken nuduhaken kemajuan sajjeroning pangembangan teknologi pesawat tempur, kalebet desain kokpit ingkang modern. Pesawat punika dipunjangkepi fitur [[fly-by-wire]], ing ngendi flight control utawi [[sistem kendali]] penerbangan mlaku kanthi elektronik liwat joystick lan throttle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Unveils Full-Scale i-22 Sikatan Cockpit|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/684bdbe9604cc|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> [[File:Full Scale Cockpit & Demonstrator I-22 Sikatan.jpg|thumb|Kokpit lan demonstrator skala penuh pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ingkang dipunpameraken ing pameran Indo Defense 2024]] Sebagean gedhe konfigurasi avionikipun terintegrasi sajjeroning siji panoramic display berukuran 25”. Layar punika nampilaken macem-macem data, wiwit saking CNI System, Map-based navigation, Fuel & Engine Monitoring System, Integrated Caution and Warning System (ICAWS), nganti tekan Weapon System. i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi IESD minangka backup flight instrument, sarta fitur day/night mode kanggē operasional pesawat ing lingkungan kanthi cahya sithik utawi wektu wengi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instagram/infoglobal|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKy7vc2TLcJ/|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mboten namung wonten ing kokpit, i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) ingkang ngemungaken data penerbangan wigati dipunproyeksikaken langkung menyang [[retina]] pilot liwat tampilan ing helm, saengga nambah kesadaran situasional pilot sajjeroning misi. I-22 dipunproyeksikaken nggunakaken AESA Radar lan sistem Data Link ingkang ngemungaken pesawat punika bertempur kanthi "senyap" tanpa kudu nyalakaken radar aktif ingkang saged dipundeteksi dening mungsuh. == Kontroversi == [[File:The third prototype of the KF-21 Boramae on display at the 2022 Sacheon Airshow.png|thumb|240px|Prototipe kaping tiga KF-21 Boramae.]] I-22 Sikatan sering dipun-tingali negatif mliginipun dening pengamat militer [[Korea Selatan]] lan [[Tiongkok]]. Desain I-22 Sikatan kerep dipunanggep mirip kaliyan [[KAI KF-21 Boramae|KF-21 Boramae]] saking Korea Selatan lan [[Chengdu J-20|J-20]] saking Tiongkok. Malah sawetara pengamat militer Korea Selatan curiga yen wonten ingkang mbocorken teknologi inti KF-21 menyang Indonesia amargi wektu dipun-kenalaken I-22 terlalau 'kebeneran' ing tengah nunggakipun utang Indonesia ing proyek KF-21. Dheweke curiga yen Indonesia bakal metu saking proyek KF-21 lan mbangun I-22 mawi teknologi KF-21 ingkang sampun dipun-gadhahi kanthi meneng-meneng. Nanging, beda kaliyan fakta ing lapangan amargi kebanyakan masyarakat Korea durung ngerti babagan anane I-22 Sikatan. [[File:J-20 at CCAS2022 (20220827103424).jpg|thumb|240px|J-20 Mighty Dragon gadhahipun Tiongkok.]] Sanadyan durung saged dipunpastiaken kasetenanipun, sawetara pengamat militer Tiongkok ugi tumut nuduh yen Indonesia sampun njiplak rancangan pesawat tempur J-20.<ref>{{Cite web|title=除土耳其无人机之外,又多一国仿制我们的歼20,连DSI进气道都有?_印尼_战机_国家|url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/619069242_121432636|website=www.sohu.com|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Sanadyan [[Direktur utama|CEO]] Infoglobal piyambak ngendika yen desain I-22 terinspirasi saking JAS-39 Gripen, nanging mboten saged dipunsangkal yen desain I-22 pancen mirip sanget kaliyan J-20. == Varian (proyeksi) == Wonten tigang versi ingkang dipunrancangkan:<ref name="airspace-review">{{Cite web |last=Sawiyya |first=Rangga Baswara |date=2022-11-06 |title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21 |url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/ |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=Airspace Review |language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Block I''': Generasi kaping 4.5, punika gadhah 2 varian yaiku [[pesawat latih|Pesawat Latih Lanjut]] & [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Pesawat Tempur Multiperan]] kanthi sistem avionik anyar kanggē kabetahan pelatihan pilot lan pertahanan negara saking ancaman pesawat tempur multiperan lintunipun. * '''Block II''': Generasi kaping 5, varian [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Pesawat Tempur Superioritas Udara]], nanging ugi gadhah kemampuan kanggē nindakaken pertempuran dharat, peperangan elektronik, lan [[SIGINT|sinyal intelijen]] kanthi sistem avionik canggih, kompartemen senjata internal lan kemampuan silumanipun sarta berpotensi ngalami pembesaran desain pesawat. * '''Demonstrator Teknologi''': Versi demonstrasi teknologi sadurunge '''Block I'''. == Spesifikasi (proyeksi) == Adhedhasar data spesifikasi.<ref name="jawapos">{{cite news|url=https://infoglobal.co.id/be/api/media/file/1604602.pdf|publisher=Jawa Pos|title=Alutsista Buatan Lokal Siap Tembus Dominasi Global|date=2025-07-01|first=Azami|last=Ramadhan|location=Surabaya|language=id}}</ref> [[File:Infoglobal_I-22_Sikatan_Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block I saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] [[File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block II saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] === Karakteristik Utama === * Kapasitas Kru: 1 utawi 2 * Desain Block 1: Wiwitanipun terinspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]] nanging luwih mirip kaliyan [[Chengdu J-20]], ngadopsi karakter siluman kanthi citra radar rendah lan nggunakaken [[material komposit]] * Desain Block 2: Ngadopsi konfigurasi canard-delta berbasis blended wing-body (BWB), ingkang ngombinasikaken elemen aerodinamis Chengdu J-20 (sirip canard aktif) kaliyan tata letak siluman F-22 Raptor (twin canted tail lan geometri penampang radar rendah). Konstruksi airframe manfaataken Komposit Serat Karbon Lanjut (Advanced CFRP) lan Titanium-Matrix Composite (TMC), dipundhaptarake kaliyan pelapis Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial, Diverterless Supersonic Inlet (DSI), sarta Thrust Vectoring Nozzles (TVN) kanggē nyuda jejak inframerah lan penampang radar (RCS). * Dawane: 12.5&nbsp;m (perkiraan 18m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Jembar sayap: 7m (perkiraan 13m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Dhuwur: 3.5m (5.3m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Bobot: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * [[Berat lepas landas maksimum|Bobot lepas landas maksimum]]: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * Mesin: Dipunsengkuyung dening Mesin Turbofan 2x Reverse engineering / WS-10 series kanggē block 1 (Varian Block 2 durung dipuntentukan, kemungkinan ''Low-bypass Afterburning Turbofan'') * Sistem kontrol: Block 1, Digital Fly-by-Wire (DFBW) Quad-redundant mawi Flight Envelope Protectional mawi layar panorama 25 inci lan Sistem Tampilan Terpasang Helmet-Mounted Display System (HMDS) kanthi integrasi VR/AR. Sauntara punika Block 2, ''Advanced DFBW'' (utawi ''Fly-by-Light'' / FBL) terintegrasi ''Thrust Vector Control'' (TVC) lan kontrol ''High Angle-of-Attack'' (AoA). * Sistem radar: Radar AESA-X (experimental) buatan Infoglobal * Lambung Senjata: Internal Weapon Bay === Fitur siluman === Wonten ing rancangan konsep varian Block 2, I-22 Sikatan dipunproyeksikaken manfaataken lapisan Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial ingkang dipunintegrasikaken ing struktur komposit pesawat. Penggunaan metamaterial punika dipunmaksudaken kanggē nyuda nilai Radar Cross Section (RCS) kanthi nyerap spektrum gelombang radar ingkang luwih jembar (broadband), sarta nyuda bobot fisik yen dipunbandingaken kaliyan RAM konvensional berbasis ferit utawi polimer konduktif kados dene ingkang dipungunakaken ing F-22 Raptor. Sanadyan katulis sajjeroning dokumen spesifikasi target, penggunaan pelapis metamaterial punika taksih mawi status proyeksi teknis jangka dawa. Secara global, pengaplikasian metamaterial ing kerangka pesawat tempur taksih wonten ing tahap riset lan uji coba terbatas, dene fokus pangembangan I-22 Sikatan wektu punika taksih dipunprioritasaken ing varian latih & multiperan (Block 1) lan integrasi avionik. === Performa === * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach udakara 2.350 km/jam nggunakaken twin-engine aircraft (Block 1). * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach nganti 2,6 Mach (udakara 2. == Referensi == 3b5lp3w8p37wcv91kg5j8jftgxveusl 1756346 1756345 2026-09-12T08:54:01Z Presiden revanisme 70645 1756346 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Aircraft |name=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan |image=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan Sketchfab.png |type= Block I [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Zat tempur multiperan]]<br />Block II [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Zat tempur unggul udara]] |national origin=Indonesia |manufacturer=[[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]] |designer=[https://id.linkedin.com/showcase/vlr-consulting-group/ Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa] |first flight=Durung kaweruhan |introduced= |retired= |status=Prototipe (Sajjeroning pangembangan) |primary user=Durung kaweruhan |more users= |produced= |number built= 1 Unit Prototype<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref>|unit cost=|developed from=|variants with their own articles=|developed into= |} '''Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan''' inggih punika program pangembangan [[pesawat tempur multiperan|zat tempur multiperan]] generasi 4.5 lan [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|zat tempur unggul udara]] generasi 5 [[Indonesia]] ingkang dipuntindakaken dening [[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Zat tempur punika dipunrancang minangka zat tempur ukuran menengah-ngeboti kanthi mesin ganda, kursi ganda, mawi sistem [[avionik]] modern lan fitur berkinerja dhuwur, supados saged ngebaki peran wigati minangka sarana pelatihan penerbang modern liwat kinerja ingkang sae piyambak. Mockup saking zat tempur punika sampun dipunpameraken wonten ing arena njawi [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ing booth OD 60 ingkang dipunawontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Rizkia|first=Zulaika|date=2023-11-13|title=I-22 Sikatan Dikembangkan Bukan Buat TNI AU Tapi Infoglobal Rela Kucurkan Uang Karena Indonesia Ternyata Punya Bidikan - Zona Jakarta|url=https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan|website=Zona Jakarta|language=id|access-date=2024-02-21}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan minangka program pangembangan zat tempur kaping kalih ingkang dipuntindakaken dening Indonesia. Sadurungipun, Indonesia, liwat [[Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional|LAPAN]], nate ngembangaken zat tempur multiperan siluman generasi kaping gansal kanthi nama [[LAPAN Fighter Experimental (LFX)]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Liputan6.com|date=2014-04-22|title=LFX, Pengembangan Pesawat Tempur Indonesia yang Tertunda|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2040091/lfx-pengembangan-pesawat-tempur-indonesia-yang-tertunda|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-06-30}}</ref> ing taun 2012, nanging program kasebat dipunbekukaken ing taun 2013 nganti sapriki tanpa wonten kajelasan. == Sistem Penamaan == Aksara "I" ing nama pesawat dipunpendhet saking nama perusahaan ingkang ndamel, yaiku Infoglobal, dene angka "22" nuduhaken taun 2022 ing ngendi mock-up pesawat punika kapisan dipuntampilaken wonten ing acara Indo Defence Expo & Forum.<ref name=":0" /> Sauntara punika, nama Sikatan dipunpendhet saking nama jinis manuk [[Ficedula|Sikatan]] ingkang kathah dipunpanggangi ing sawetara negara [[Asia Tenggara]]. Manuk punika misuwur amargi trampil lan gesit nalika miber. Paring nama Sikatan marang pesawat I-22 punika gadhah pangarep-arep benjang I-22 saged miber kanthi gesit kados dene manuk Sikatan ing alam liar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Aksara Purwaka === Beda kaliyan Amerika Serikat lan Tiongkok ingkang penamaan pesawatipun nggunakaken aksara purwaka (awalan) kanggē nuduhaken fungsi saking pesawat kasebat,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Cracking the Aircraft Designation Code|url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/cracking-aircraft-designation-code|website=U.S. Naval Institute|language=en|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Military Aircraft Designations|url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html|website=designation-systems.net|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> I-22 malah nggunakaken nama perusahaan pembuatipun minangka aksara purwaka. Sistem penamaan punika sami kados ingkang dipun-damel dening [[Rusia]] kanggē pesawat-pesawatipun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-19|title=Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_military_aircraft_designation_systems&oldid=1150608769|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Minangka conto, aksara SU ing pesawat [[Sukhoi Su-57|Su-57]] nuduhaken perusahaan pembuatipun yaiku [[Sukhoi]]. Bab punika berlaku kanggē meh sedaya pesawat Rusia<ref name=":2" /> kados TU kanggē [[Tupolev]], MIG kanggē [[Mikoyan]], IL kanggē [[Ilyushin]], lan taksih kathah maneh. Beda kaliyan Amerika lan Tiongkok ingkang aksara purwakanipun nuduhaken fungsi pesawat, kados F kanggē Fighter, J kanggē Jianjiji (fighter), B kanggē Bomber, H kanggē Hongzhaji (bomber), lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /> Nanging bab punika mboten ateges sedaya pesawat tempur buatan Indonesia ing tembe bakal nggunakaken sistem penamaan kasebat, amargi nama I-22 Sikatan mboten dipunparingi dening pemerintah, nanging dening perusahaan Infoglobal piyambak. == Desain == Konsep desain I-22 Sikatan dipungagas nindakaken kerja sami kaliyan firma desain kedirgantaraan lokal [[Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurw|date=2022-11-26|title=DEFENSE STUDIES: Menengok Konsep Pesawat Tempur Generasi 4,5 dari Infoglobal|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2022/11/menengok-konsep-pesawat-tempur-generasi.html|website=DEFENSE STUDIES|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> ingkang dipunpangarsi dening tilas penerbang kendaraan udara nirawak komersial ([[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]), Sunanto Ajidarmo. Wonten pameran kasebat, Sunanto ngandharaken i-22 Sikatan minangka konsep pesawat tempur bermesin ganda kanthi desain ingkang dipun-inspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Militer|first=Garuda|date=Kamis, 08 Desember 2022|title=Garuda Militer: i-22 Sikatan Infoglobal|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2022/12/i-22-sikatan-infoglobal.html#|website=Garuda Militer|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indo Defence 2022: Indonesian aerospace firm unveils 4.5-generation fighter concept|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Desain punika nyajikaken wujud [[Penampang lintang radar|penampang radar]] ingkang dipunsuda lan kathah-kathahipun nggunakaken bahan komposit kanggē nambah karakter silumanipun.[[File:Saab JAS 39 Gripen at Kaivopuisto Air Show, June 2017 (altered) copy.jpg|thumb|240px|Saab JAS 39 Gripen wonten ing pagelaran Kaivopuisto Air Show.]] I-22 Sikatan gadhah dimensi ingkang ringkes kanthi dawa 12,5 meter, [[rentang sayap|jembar sayap]] 7 meter, lan dhuwur 3,5 meter. Pesawat punika sengaja dirancang mawi ukuran cilik amargi bakal dipun-ngangge minangka pesawat tempur utama lan saged dipun-ginakaken kanggē patroli jarak tebih.<ref>https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept</ref> Sudut kemiringan sirip jejegipun dipunrancang kanggē mbuwang pantulan gelombang radar menyang samping, sanes wangsul menyang sumber radar mungsuh. Garis tajam ingkang dawa saking irung nganti tekan sayap (chine) gadhah fungsi memecah turbulensi sarta nyuda Radar Cross Section (RCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> Konsep punika gadhah kalih varian – satunggal mawi konfigurasi sayap canard, lan satunggal malih tanpa sayap canard. Konfigurasi sayap canard gadhah jembar sayap 9 meter, dene ingkang mboten gadhah sayap canard jembar sayapipun 9,6 meter. Loro-loronipun konsep kasebat dipunrancang jangkep wonten ing njero negeri dening para insinyur dirgantara lokal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KASKUS|title=Indo Defence 2022: PT Infoglobal Tampilkan Mockup Jet Tempur i-22 Sikatan|url=https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/6368ea4f68f1707c384efdfb/indo-defence-2022-pt-infoglobal-tampilkan-mockup-jet-tempur-i-22-sikatan|website=KASKUS|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mock-up ingkang dipun-pameraken ing Indo Defence 2022 inggih punika varian tanpa canard, lan dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran aslinipun kanggē nggampilaken pangaturan pengiriman lan taksih wujud mockup kasar. Infoglobal ngrancang nggunakaken mesin saking Hawk Mk.209 kanggē prototipe kapisanipun, nanging wonten spekulasi ing tembe wingking babagan potensi panganggean [[mesin jet]] asil reverse engineering.<ref>https://tni-au.mil.id/berita/detail/depohar-30-dislitbangau-dan-pt-its-berkolaborasi-dalam-reverse-engineering-pesawat-hawk-mk-209</ref> == Pangembangan == Program pangembangan bakal dipuntindakaken wonten ing tigang tahap. Wonten ing tahap kapisan, pesawat bakal dipun-kembangaken minangka [[pesawat latih|pesawat latih]]. Tahap kaping kalih bakal dados demonstrator. Lajeng, fase pungkasan bakal dados sistem penuh.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/63bb866f43375|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}} Sistem penuh kasebat inggih punika I-22 varian Multirole lan I-22 varian Superioritas Udara ingkang pancen dados kabetahan primer pertahanan udara saking jinis pesawat tempur</ref> Infoglobal sampun ngawiti Program Sikatan i-22 kanthi tujuan penguasaan teknologi pesawat tempur lan ningali potensi pasar kanthi manfaataken pengalaman lan katrampilanipun ing desain/produksi sistem pesawat ingkang hemat biaya.<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref> === Indo Defence 2022 === Wonten ing acara [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ingkang dipun-awontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022, PT. Infoglobal kanggē kapisanipun ngenalaken mockup saking pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ing arena outdoor booth OD 60.<ref name=":3" /> Mock-up ingkang dipunpameraken inggih punika varian tanpa canard, dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran asli supados gampil dipuntata nalika pengiriman lan taksih rupa mockup kasar. [[File:Mockup I-22 Sikatan Indo Defense 2024.png|thumb|Mockup pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan sesarengan kaliyan pesawat nirawak Wani-23]] === Indo Defence 2024 === Wonten ing pagelaran Indo Defence 2024 ingkang dipun-awontenaken tanggal 11 - 14 Juni 2025, PT Infoglobal nampilaken pangembangan paling anyar saking program i-22 Sikatan, kalebet model kokpit skala penuh lan simulator penerbanganipun. Kehadiran punika nglanjutaken partisipasi perusahaan wonten ing pameran rong taunan kasebat, sasampunipun sadurungipun ugi memamerkan model lan versi berskala luwih cilik ing taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Pamerkan Kokpit Skala Penuh i-22 Sikatan|url=https://gbp.com.sg/regional_stories/infoglobal-pamerkan-kokpit-skala-penuh-i-22-sikatan/|website=GBP|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan Demonstrator ingkang dipun-pameraken nuduhaken kemajuan sajjeroning pangembangan teknologi pesawat tempur, kalebet desain kokpit ingkang modern. Pesawat punika dipunjangkepi fitur [[fly-by-wire]], ing ngendi flight control utawi [[sistem kendali]] penerbangan mlaku kanthi elektronik liwat joystick lan throttle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Unveils Full-Scale i-22 Sikatan Cockpit|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/684bdbe9604cc|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> [[File:Full Scale Cockpit & Demonstrator I-22 Sikatan.jpg|thumb|Kokpit lan demonstrator skala penuh pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ingkang dipunpameraken ing pameran Indo Defense 2024]] Sebagean gedhe konfigurasi avionikipun terintegrasi sajjeroning siji panoramic display berukuran 25”. Layar punika nampilaken macem-macem data, wiwit saking CNI System, Map-based navigation, Fuel & Engine Monitoring System, Integrated Caution and Warning System (ICAWS), nganti tekan Weapon System. i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi IESD minangka backup flight instrument, sarta fitur day/night mode kanggē operasional pesawat ing lingkungan kanthi cahya sithik utawi wektu wengi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instagram/infoglobal|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKy7vc2TLcJ/|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mboten namung wonten ing kokpit, i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) ingkang ngemungaken data penerbangan wigati dipunproyeksikaken langkung menyang [[retina]] pilot liwat tampilan ing helm, saengga nambah kesadaran situasional pilot sajjeroning misi. I-22 dipunproyeksikaken nggunakaken AESA Radar lan sistem Data Link ingkang ngemungaken pesawat punika bertempur kanthi "senyap" tanpa kudu nyalakaken radar aktif ingkang saged dipundeteksi dening mungsuh. == Kontroversi == [[File:The third prototype of the KF-21 Boramae on display at the 2022 Sacheon Airshow.png|thumb|240px|Prototipe kaping tiga KF-21 Boramae.]] I-22 Sikatan sering dipun-tingali negatif mliginipun dening pengamat militer [[Korea Selatan]] lan [[Tiongkok]]. Desain I-22 Sikatan kerep dipunanggep mirip kaliyan [[KAI KF-21 Boramae|KF-21 Boramae]] saking Korea Selatan lan [[Chengdu J-20|J-20]] saking Tiongkok. Malah sawetara pengamat militer Korea Selatan curiga yen wonten ingkang mbocorken teknologi inti KF-21 menyang Indonesia amargi wektu dipun-kenalaken I-22 terlalau 'kebeneran' ing tengah nunggakipun utang Indonesia ing proyek KF-21. Dheweke curiga yen Indonesia bakal metu saking proyek KF-21 lan mbangun I-22 mawi teknologi KF-21 ingkang sampun dipun-gadhahi kanthi meneng-meneng. Nanging, beda kaliyan fakta ing lapangan amargi kebanyakan masyarakat Korea durung ngerti babagan anane I-22 Sikatan. [[File:J-20 at CCAS2022 (20220827103424).jpg|thumb|240px|J-20 Mighty Dragon gadhahipun Tiongkok.]] Sanadyan durung saged dipunpastiaken kasetenanipun, sawetara pengamat militer Tiongkok ugi tumut nuduh yen Indonesia sampun njiplak rancangan pesawat tempur J-20.<ref>{{Cite web|title=除土耳其无人机之外,又多一国仿制我们的歼20,连DSI进气道都有?_印尼_战机_国家|url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/619069242_121432636|website=www.sohu.com|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Sanadyan [[Direktur utama|CEO]] Infoglobal piyambak ngendika yen desain I-22 terinspirasi saking JAS-39 Gripen, nanging mboten saged dipunsangkal yen desain I-22 pancen mirip sanget kaliyan J-20. == Varian (proyeksi) == Wonten tigang versi ingkang dipunrancangkan:<ref name="airspace-review">{{Cite web |last=Sawiyya |first=Rangga Baswara |date=2022-11-06 |title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21 |url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/ |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=Airspace Review |language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Block I''': Generasi kaping 4.5, punika gadhah 2 varian yaiku [[pesawat latih|Pesawat Latih Lanjut]] & [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Pesawat Tempur Multiperan]] kanthi sistem avionik anyar kanggē kabetahan pelatihan pilot lan pertahanan negara saking ancaman pesawat tempur multiperan lintunipun. * '''Block II''': Generasi kaping 5, varian [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Pesawat Tempur Superioritas Udara]], nanging ugi gadhah kemampuan kanggē nindakaken pertempuran dharat, peperangan elektronik, lan [[SIGINT|sinyal intelijen]] kanthi sistem avionik canggih, kompartemen senjata internal lan kemampuan silumanipun sarta berpotensi ngalami pembesaran desain pesawat. * '''Demonstrator Teknologi''': Versi demonstrasi teknologi sadurunge '''Block I'''. == Spesifikasi (proyeksi) == Adhedhasar data spesifikasi.<ref name="jawapos">{{cite news|url=https://infoglobal.co.id/be/api/media/file/1604602.pdf|publisher=Jawa Pos|title=Alutsista Buatan Lokal Siap Tembus Dominasi Global|date=2025-07-01|first=Azami|last=Ramadhan|location=Surabaya|language=id}}</ref> [[File:Infoglobal_I-22_Sikatan_Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block I saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] [[File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block II saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] === Karakteristik Utama === * Kapasitas Kru: 1 utawi 2 * Desain Block 1: Wiwitanipun terinspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]] nanging luwih mirip kaliyan [[Chengdu J-20]], ngadopsi karakter siluman kanthi citra radar rendah lan nggunakaken [[material komposit]] * Desain Block 2: Ngadopsi konfigurasi canard-delta berbasis blended wing-body (BWB), ingkang ngombinasikaken elemen aerodinamis Chengdu J-20 (sirip canard aktif) kaliyan tata letak siluman F-22 Raptor (twin canted tail lan geometri penampang radar rendah). Konstruksi airframe manfaataken Komposit Serat Karbon Lanjut (Advanced CFRP) lan Titanium-Matrix Composite (TMC), dipundhaptarake kaliyan pelapis Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial, Diverterless Supersonic Inlet (DSI), sarta Thrust Vectoring Nozzles (TVN) kanggē nyuda jejak inframerah lan penampang radar (RCS). * Dawane: 12.5&nbsp;m (perkiraan 18m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Jembar sayap: 7m (perkiraan 13m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Dhuwur: 3.5m (5.3m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Bobot: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * [[Berat lepas landas maksimum|Bobot lepas landas maksimum]]: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * Mesin: Dipunsengkuyung dening Mesin Turbofan 2x Reverse engineering / WS-10 series kanggē block 1 (Varian Block 2 durung dipuntentukan, kemungkinan ''Low-bypass Afterburning Turbofan'') * Sistem kontrol: Block 1, Digital Fly-by-Wire (DFBW) Quad-redundant mawi Flight Envelope Protectional mawi layar panorama 25 inci lan Sistem Tampilan Terpasang Helmet-Mounted Display System (HMDS) kanthi integrasi VR/AR. Sauntara punika Block 2, ''Advanced DFBW'' (utawi ''Fly-by-Light'' / FBL) terintegrasi ''Thrust Vector Control'' (TVC) lan kontrol ''High Angle-of-Attack'' (AoA). * Sistem radar: Radar AESA-X (experimental) buatan Infoglobal * Lambung Senjata: Internal Weapon Bay === Fitur siluman === Wonten ing rancangan konsep varian Block 2, I-22 Sikatan dipunproyeksikaken manfaataken lapisan Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial ingkang dipunintegrasikaken ing struktur komposit pesawat. Penggunaan metamaterial punika dipunmaksudaken kanggē nyuda nilai Radar Cross Section (RCS) kanthi nyerap spektrum gelombang radar ingkang luwih jembar (broadband), sarta nyuda bobot fisik yen dipunbandingaken kaliyan RAM konvensional berbasis ferit utawi polimer konduktif kados dene ingkang dipungunakaken ing F-22 Raptor. Sanadyan katulis sajjeroning dokumen spesifikasi target, penggunaan pelapis metamaterial punika taksih mawi status proyeksi teknis jangka dawa. Secara global, pengaplikasian metamaterial ing kerangka pesawat tempur taksih wonten ing tahap riset lan uji coba terbatas, dene fokus pangembangan I-22 Sikatan wektu punika taksih dipunprioritasaken ing varian latih & multiperan (Block 1) lan integrasi avionik. === Performa === * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach udakara 2.350 km/jam nggunakaken twin-engine aircraft (Block 1). * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach nganti 2,6 Mach (udakara 2. == Referensi == aqljhwpwk5z83qinuhtz49kas6yjrie 1756347 1756346 2026-09-12T08:54:18Z Presiden revanisme 70645 1756347 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Aircraft |name=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan |image=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan Sketchfab.png |type= Block I [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Zat tempur multiperan]]<br />Block II [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Zat tempur unggul udara]] |national origin=Indonesia |manufacturer=[[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]] |designer=[https://id.linkedin.com/showcase/vlr-consulting-group/ Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa] |first flight=Durung kaweruhan |introduced= |retired= |status=Prototipe (Sajjeroning pangembangan) |primary user=Durung kaweruhan |more users= |produced= |number built= 1 Unit Prototype<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref>|unit cost=|developed from=|variants with their own articles=|developed into= }} '''Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan''' inggih punika program pangembangan [[pesawat tempur multiperan|zat tempur multiperan]] generasi 4.5 lan [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|zat tempur unggul udara]] generasi 5 [[Indonesia]] ingkang dipuntindakaken dening [[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Zat tempur punika dipunrancang minangka zat tempur ukuran menengah-ngeboti kanthi mesin ganda, kursi ganda, mawi sistem [[avionik]] modern lan fitur berkinerja dhuwur, supados saged ngebaki peran wigati minangka sarana pelatihan penerbang modern liwat kinerja ingkang sae piyambak. Mockup saking zat tempur punika sampun dipunpameraken wonten ing arena njawi [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ing booth OD 60 ingkang dipunawontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Rizkia|first=Zulaika|date=2023-11-13|title=I-22 Sikatan Dikembangkan Bukan Buat TNI AU Tapi Infoglobal Rela Kucurkan Uang Karena Indonesia Ternyata Punya Bidikan - Zona Jakarta|url=https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan|website=Zona Jakarta|language=id|access-date=2024-02-21}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan minangka program pangembangan zat tempur kaping kalih ingkang dipuntindakaken dening Indonesia. Sadurungipun, Indonesia, liwat [[Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional|LAPAN]], nate ngembangaken zat tempur multiperan siluman generasi kaping gansal kanthi nama [[LAPAN Fighter Experimental (LFX)]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Liputan6.com|date=2014-04-22|title=LFX, Pengembangan Pesawat Tempur Indonesia yang Tertunda|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2040091/lfx-pengembangan-pesawat-tempur-indonesia-yang-tertunda|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-06-30}}</ref> ing taun 2012, nanging program kasebat dipunbekukaken ing taun 2013 nganti sapriki tanpa wonten kajelasan. == Sistem Penamaan == Aksara "I" ing nama pesawat dipunpendhet saking nama perusahaan ingkang ndamel, yaiku Infoglobal, dene angka "22" nuduhaken taun 2022 ing ngendi mock-up pesawat punika kapisan dipuntampilaken wonten ing acara Indo Defence Expo & Forum.<ref name=":0" /> Sauntara punika, nama Sikatan dipunpendhet saking nama jinis manuk [[Ficedula|Sikatan]] ingkang kathah dipunpanggangi ing sawetara negara [[Asia Tenggara]]. Manuk punika misuwur amargi trampil lan gesit nalika miber. Paring nama Sikatan marang pesawat I-22 punika gadhah pangarep-arep benjang I-22 saged miber kanthi gesit kados dene manuk Sikatan ing alam liar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Aksara Purwaka === Beda kaliyan Amerika Serikat lan Tiongkok ingkang penamaan pesawatipun nggunakaken aksara purwaka (awalan) kanggē nuduhaken fungsi saking pesawat kasebat,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Cracking the Aircraft Designation Code|url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/cracking-aircraft-designation-code|website=U.S. Naval Institute|language=en|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Military Aircraft Designations|url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html|website=designation-systems.net|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> I-22 malah nggunakaken nama perusahaan pembuatipun minangka aksara purwaka. Sistem penamaan punika sami kados ingkang dipun-damel dening [[Rusia]] kanggē pesawat-pesawatipun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-19|title=Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_military_aircraft_designation_systems&oldid=1150608769|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Minangka conto, aksara SU ing pesawat [[Sukhoi Su-57|Su-57]] nuduhaken perusahaan pembuatipun yaiku [[Sukhoi]]. Bab punika berlaku kanggē meh sedaya pesawat Rusia<ref name=":2" /> kados TU kanggē [[Tupolev]], MIG kanggē [[Mikoyan]], IL kanggē [[Ilyushin]], lan taksih kathah maneh. Beda kaliyan Amerika lan Tiongkok ingkang aksara purwakanipun nuduhaken fungsi pesawat, kados F kanggē Fighter, J kanggē Jianjiji (fighter), B kanggē Bomber, H kanggē Hongzhaji (bomber), lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /> Nanging bab punika mboten ateges sedaya pesawat tempur buatan Indonesia ing tembe bakal nggunakaken sistem penamaan kasebat, amargi nama I-22 Sikatan mboten dipunparingi dening pemerintah, nanging dening perusahaan Infoglobal piyambak. == Desain == Konsep desain I-22 Sikatan dipungagas nindakaken kerja sami kaliyan firma desain kedirgantaraan lokal [[Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurw|date=2022-11-26|title=DEFENSE STUDIES: Menengok Konsep Pesawat Tempur Generasi 4,5 dari Infoglobal|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2022/11/menengok-konsep-pesawat-tempur-generasi.html|website=DEFENSE STUDIES|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> ingkang dipunpangarsi dening tilas penerbang kendaraan udara nirawak komersial ([[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]), Sunanto Ajidarmo. Wonten pameran kasebat, Sunanto ngandharaken i-22 Sikatan minangka konsep pesawat tempur bermesin ganda kanthi desain ingkang dipun-inspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Militer|first=Garuda|date=Kamis, 08 Desember 2022|title=Garuda Militer: i-22 Sikatan Infoglobal|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2022/12/i-22-sikatan-infoglobal.html#|website=Garuda Militer|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indo Defence 2022: Indonesian aerospace firm unveils 4.5-generation fighter concept|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Desain punika nyajikaken wujud [[Penampang lintang radar|penampang radar]] ingkang dipunsuda lan kathah-kathahipun nggunakaken bahan komposit kanggē nambah karakter silumanipun.[[File:Saab JAS 39 Gripen at Kaivopuisto Air Show, June 2017 (altered) copy.jpg|thumb|240px|Saab JAS 39 Gripen wonten ing pagelaran Kaivopuisto Air Show.]] I-22 Sikatan gadhah dimensi ingkang ringkes kanthi dawa 12,5 meter, [[rentang sayap|jembar sayap]] 7 meter, lan dhuwur 3,5 meter. Pesawat punika sengaja dirancang mawi ukuran cilik amargi bakal dipun-ngangge minangka pesawat tempur utama lan saged dipun-ginakaken kanggē patroli jarak tebih.<ref>https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept</ref> Sudut kemiringan sirip jejegipun dipunrancang kanggē mbuwang pantulan gelombang radar menyang samping, sanes wangsul menyang sumber radar mungsuh. Garis tajam ingkang dawa saking irung nganti tekan sayap (chine) gadhah fungsi memecah turbulensi sarta nyuda Radar Cross Section (RCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> Konsep punika gadhah kalih varian – satunggal mawi konfigurasi sayap canard, lan satunggal malih tanpa sayap canard. Konfigurasi sayap canard gadhah jembar sayap 9 meter, dene ingkang mboten gadhah sayap canard jembar sayapipun 9,6 meter. Loro-loronipun konsep kasebat dipunrancang jangkep wonten ing njero negeri dening para insinyur dirgantara lokal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KASKUS|title=Indo Defence 2022: PT Infoglobal Tampilkan Mockup Jet Tempur i-22 Sikatan|url=https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/6368ea4f68f1707c384efdfb/indo-defence-2022-pt-infoglobal-tampilkan-mockup-jet-tempur-i-22-sikatan|website=KASKUS|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mock-up ingkang dipun-pameraken ing Indo Defence 2022 inggih punika varian tanpa canard, lan dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran aslinipun kanggē nggampilaken pangaturan pengiriman lan taksih wujud mockup kasar. Infoglobal ngrancang nggunakaken mesin saking Hawk Mk.209 kanggē prototipe kapisanipun, nanging wonten spekulasi ing tembe wingking babagan potensi panganggean [[mesin jet]] asil reverse engineering.<ref>https://tni-au.mil.id/berita/detail/depohar-30-dislitbangau-dan-pt-its-berkolaborasi-dalam-reverse-engineering-pesawat-hawk-mk-209</ref> == Pangembangan == Program pangembangan bakal dipuntindakaken wonten ing tigang tahap. Wonten ing tahap kapisan, pesawat bakal dipun-kembangaken minangka [[pesawat latih|pesawat latih]]. Tahap kaping kalih bakal dados demonstrator. Lajeng, fase pungkasan bakal dados sistem penuh.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/63bb866f43375|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}} Sistem penuh kasebat inggih punika I-22 varian Multirole lan I-22 varian Superioritas Udara ingkang pancen dados kabetahan primer pertahanan udara saking jinis pesawat tempur</ref> Infoglobal sampun ngawiti Program Sikatan i-22 kanthi tujuan penguasaan teknologi pesawat tempur lan ningali potensi pasar kanthi manfaataken pengalaman lan katrampilanipun ing desain/produksi sistem pesawat ingkang hemat biaya.<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref> === Indo Defence 2022 === Wonten ing acara [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ingkang dipun-awontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022, PT. Infoglobal kanggē kapisanipun ngenalaken mockup saking pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ing arena outdoor booth OD 60.<ref name=":3" /> Mock-up ingkang dipunpameraken inggih punika varian tanpa canard, dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran asli supados gampil dipuntata nalika pengiriman lan taksih rupa mockup kasar. [[File:Mockup I-22 Sikatan Indo Defense 2024.png|thumb|Mockup pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan sesarengan kaliyan pesawat nirawak Wani-23]] === Indo Defence 2024 === Wonten ing pagelaran Indo Defence 2024 ingkang dipun-awontenaken tanggal 11 - 14 Juni 2025, PT Infoglobal nampilaken pangembangan paling anyar saking program i-22 Sikatan, kalebet model kokpit skala penuh lan simulator penerbanganipun. Kehadiran punika nglanjutaken partisipasi perusahaan wonten ing pameran rong taunan kasebat, sasampunipun sadurungipun ugi memamerkan model lan versi berskala luwih cilik ing taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Pamerkan Kokpit Skala Penuh i-22 Sikatan|url=https://gbp.com.sg/regional_stories/infoglobal-pamerkan-kokpit-skala-penuh-i-22-sikatan/|website=GBP|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan Demonstrator ingkang dipun-pameraken nuduhaken kemajuan sajjeroning pangembangan teknologi pesawat tempur, kalebet desain kokpit ingkang modern. Pesawat punika dipunjangkepi fitur [[fly-by-wire]], ing ngendi flight control utawi [[sistem kendali]] penerbangan mlaku kanthi elektronik liwat joystick lan throttle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Unveils Full-Scale i-22 Sikatan Cockpit|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/684bdbe9604cc|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> [[File:Full Scale Cockpit & Demonstrator I-22 Sikatan.jpg|thumb|Kokpit lan demonstrator skala penuh pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ingkang dipunpameraken ing pameran Indo Defense 2024]] Sebagean gedhe konfigurasi avionikipun terintegrasi sajjeroning siji panoramic display berukuran 25”. Layar punika nampilaken macem-macem data, wiwit saking CNI System, Map-based navigation, Fuel & Engine Monitoring System, Integrated Caution and Warning System (ICAWS), nganti tekan Weapon System. i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi IESD minangka backup flight instrument, sarta fitur day/night mode kanggē operasional pesawat ing lingkungan kanthi cahya sithik utawi wektu wengi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instagram/infoglobal|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKy7vc2TLcJ/|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mboten namung wonten ing kokpit, i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) ingkang ngemungaken data penerbangan wigati dipunproyeksikaken langkung menyang [[retina]] pilot liwat tampilan ing helm, saengga nambah kesadaran situasional pilot sajjeroning misi. I-22 dipunproyeksikaken nggunakaken AESA Radar lan sistem Data Link ingkang ngemungaken pesawat punika bertempur kanthi "senyap" tanpa kudu nyalakaken radar aktif ingkang saged dipundeteksi dening mungsuh. == Kontroversi == [[File:The third prototype of the KF-21 Boramae on display at the 2022 Sacheon Airshow.png|thumb|240px|Prototipe kaping tiga KF-21 Boramae.]] I-22 Sikatan sering dipun-tingali negatif mliginipun dening pengamat militer [[Korea Selatan]] lan [[Tiongkok]]. Desain I-22 Sikatan kerep dipunanggep mirip kaliyan [[KAI KF-21 Boramae|KF-21 Boramae]] saking Korea Selatan lan [[Chengdu J-20|J-20]] saking Tiongkok. Malah sawetara pengamat militer Korea Selatan curiga yen wonten ingkang mbocorken teknologi inti KF-21 menyang Indonesia amargi wektu dipun-kenalaken I-22 terlalau 'kebeneran' ing tengah nunggakipun utang Indonesia ing proyek KF-21. Dheweke curiga yen Indonesia bakal metu saking proyek KF-21 lan mbangun I-22 mawi teknologi KF-21 ingkang sampun dipun-gadhahi kanthi meneng-meneng. Nanging, beda kaliyan fakta ing lapangan amargi kebanyakan masyarakat Korea durung ngerti babagan anane I-22 Sikatan. [[File:J-20 at CCAS2022 (20220827103424).jpg|thumb|240px|J-20 Mighty Dragon gadhahipun Tiongkok.]] Sanadyan durung saged dipunpastiaken kasetenanipun, sawetara pengamat militer Tiongkok ugi tumut nuduh yen Indonesia sampun njiplak rancangan pesawat tempur J-20.<ref>{{Cite web|title=除土耳其无人机之外,又多一国仿制我们的歼20,连DSI进气道都有?_印尼_战机_国家|url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/619069242_121432636|website=www.sohu.com|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Sanadyan [[Direktur utama|CEO]] Infoglobal piyambak ngendika yen desain I-22 terinspirasi saking JAS-39 Gripen, nanging mboten saged dipunsangkal yen desain I-22 pancen mirip sanget kaliyan J-20. == Varian (proyeksi) == Wonten tigang versi ingkang dipunrancangkan:<ref name="airspace-review">{{Cite web |last=Sawiyya |first=Rangga Baswara |date=2022-11-06 |title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21 |url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/ |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=Airspace Review |language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Block I''': Generasi kaping 4.5, punika gadhah 2 varian yaiku [[pesawat latih|Pesawat Latih Lanjut]] & [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Pesawat Tempur Multiperan]] kanthi sistem avionik anyar kanggē kabetahan pelatihan pilot lan pertahanan negara saking ancaman pesawat tempur multiperan lintunipun. * '''Block II''': Generasi kaping 5, varian [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Pesawat Tempur Superioritas Udara]], nanging ugi gadhah kemampuan kanggē nindakaken pertempuran dharat, peperangan elektronik, lan [[SIGINT|sinyal intelijen]] kanthi sistem avionik canggih, kompartemen senjata internal lan kemampuan silumanipun sarta berpotensi ngalami pembesaran desain pesawat. * '''Demonstrator Teknologi''': Versi demonstrasi teknologi sadurunge '''Block I'''. == Spesifikasi (proyeksi) == Adhedhasar data spesifikasi.<ref name="jawapos">{{cite news|url=https://infoglobal.co.id/be/api/media/file/1604602.pdf|publisher=Jawa Pos|title=Alutsista Buatan Lokal Siap Tembus Dominasi Global|date=2025-07-01|first=Azami|last=Ramadhan|location=Surabaya|language=id}}</ref> [[File:Infoglobal_I-22_Sikatan_Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block I saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] [[File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block II saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] === Karakteristik Utama === * Kapasitas Kru: 1 utawi 2 * Desain Block 1: Wiwitanipun terinspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]] nanging luwih mirip kaliyan [[Chengdu J-20]], ngadopsi karakter siluman kanthi citra radar rendah lan nggunakaken [[material komposit]] * Desain Block 2: Ngadopsi konfigurasi canard-delta berbasis blended wing-body (BWB), ingkang ngombinasikaken elemen aerodinamis Chengdu J-20 (sirip canard aktif) kaliyan tata letak siluman F-22 Raptor (twin canted tail lan geometri penampang radar rendah). Konstruksi airframe manfaataken Komposit Serat Karbon Lanjut (Advanced CFRP) lan Titanium-Matrix Composite (TMC), dipundhaptarake kaliyan pelapis Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial, Diverterless Supersonic Inlet (DSI), sarta Thrust Vectoring Nozzles (TVN) kanggē nyuda jejak inframerah lan penampang radar (RCS). * Dawane: 12.5&nbsp;m (perkiraan 18m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Jembar sayap: 7m (perkiraan 13m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Dhuwur: 3.5m (5.3m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Bobot: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * [[Berat lepas landas maksimum|Bobot lepas landas maksimum]]: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * Mesin: Dipunsengkuyung dening Mesin Turbofan 2x Reverse engineering / WS-10 series kanggē block 1 (Varian Block 2 durung dipuntentukan, kemungkinan ''Low-bypass Afterburning Turbofan'') * Sistem kontrol: Block 1, Digital Fly-by-Wire (DFBW) Quad-redundant mawi Flight Envelope Protectional mawi layar panorama 25 inci lan Sistem Tampilan Terpasang Helmet-Mounted Display System (HMDS) kanthi integrasi VR/AR. Sauntara punika Block 2, ''Advanced DFBW'' (utawi ''Fly-by-Light'' / FBL) terintegrasi ''Thrust Vector Control'' (TVC) lan kontrol ''High Angle-of-Attack'' (AoA). * Sistem radar: Radar AESA-X (experimental) buatan Infoglobal * Lambung Senjata: Internal Weapon Bay === Fitur siluman === Wonten ing rancangan konsep varian Block 2, I-22 Sikatan dipunproyeksikaken manfaataken lapisan Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial ingkang dipunintegrasikaken ing struktur komposit pesawat. Penggunaan metamaterial punika dipunmaksudaken kanggē nyuda nilai Radar Cross Section (RCS) kanthi nyerap spektrum gelombang radar ingkang luwih jembar (broadband), sarta nyuda bobot fisik yen dipunbandingaken kaliyan RAM konvensional berbasis ferit utawi polimer konduktif kados dene ingkang dipungunakaken ing F-22 Raptor. Sanadyan katulis sajjeroning dokumen spesifikasi target, penggunaan pelapis metamaterial punika taksih mawi status proyeksi teknis jangka dawa. Secara global, pengaplikasian metamaterial ing kerangka pesawat tempur taksih wonten ing tahap riset lan uji coba terbatas, dene fokus pangembangan I-22 Sikatan wektu punika taksih dipunprioritasaken ing varian latih & multiperan (Block 1) lan integrasi avionik. === Performa === * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach udakara 2.350 km/jam nggunakaken twin-engine aircraft (Block 1). * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach nganti 2,6 Mach (udakara 2. == Referensi == q94m975z4wey3g0h9orwg6pvnuxts8o 1756348 1756347 2026-09-12T08:54:53Z Presiden revanisme 70645 1756348 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Aircraft |name=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan |image=File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png |type= Block I [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Zat tempur multiperan]]<br />Block II [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Zat tempur unggul udara]] |national origin=Indonesia |manufacturer=[[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]] |designer=[https://id.linkedin.com/showcase/vlr-consulting-group/ Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa] |first flight=Durung kaweruhan |introduced= |retired= |status=Prototipe (Sajjeroning pangembangan) |primary user=Durung kaweruhan |more users= |produced= |number built= 1 Unit Prototype<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref>|unit cost=|developed from=|variants with their own articles=|developed into= }} '''Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan''' inggih punika program pangembangan [[pesawat tempur multiperan|zat tempur multiperan]] generasi 4.5 lan [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|zat tempur unggul udara]] generasi 5 [[Indonesia]] ingkang dipuntindakaken dening [[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Zat tempur punika dipunrancang minangka zat tempur ukuran menengah-ngeboti kanthi mesin ganda, kursi ganda, mawi sistem [[avionik]] modern lan fitur berkinerja dhuwur, supados saged ngebaki peran wigati minangka sarana pelatihan penerbang modern liwat kinerja ingkang sae piyambak. Mockup saking zat tempur punika sampun dipunpameraken wonten ing arena njawi [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ing booth OD 60 ingkang dipunawontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Rizkia|first=Zulaika|date=2023-11-13|title=I-22 Sikatan Dikembangkan Bukan Buat TNI AU Tapi Infoglobal Rela Kucurkan Uang Karena Indonesia Ternyata Punya Bidikan - Zona Jakarta|url=https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan|website=Zona Jakarta|language=id|access-date=2024-02-21}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan minangka program pangembangan zat tempur kaping kalih ingkang dipuntindakaken dening Indonesia. Sadurungipun, Indonesia, liwat [[Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional|LAPAN]], nate ngembangaken zat tempur multiperan siluman generasi kaping gansal kanthi nama [[LAPAN Fighter Experimental (LFX)]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Liputan6.com|date=2014-04-22|title=LFX, Pengembangan Pesawat Tempur Indonesia yang Tertunda|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2040091/lfx-pengembangan-pesawat-tempur-indonesia-yang-tertunda|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-06-30}}</ref> ing taun 2012, nanging program kasebat dipunbekukaken ing taun 2013 nganti sapriki tanpa wonten kajelasan. == Sistem Penamaan == Aksara "I" ing nama pesawat dipunpendhet saking nama perusahaan ingkang ndamel, yaiku Infoglobal, dene angka "22" nuduhaken taun 2022 ing ngendi mock-up pesawat punika kapisan dipuntampilaken wonten ing acara Indo Defence Expo & Forum.<ref name=":0" /> Sauntara punika, nama Sikatan dipunpendhet saking nama jinis manuk [[Ficedula|Sikatan]] ingkang kathah dipunpanggangi ing sawetara negara [[Asia Tenggara]]. Manuk punika misuwur amargi trampil lan gesit nalika miber. Paring nama Sikatan marang pesawat I-22 punika gadhah pangarep-arep benjang I-22 saged miber kanthi gesit kados dene manuk Sikatan ing alam liar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Aksara Purwaka === Beda kaliyan Amerika Serikat lan Tiongkok ingkang penamaan pesawatipun nggunakaken aksara purwaka (awalan) kanggē nuduhaken fungsi saking pesawat kasebat,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Cracking the Aircraft Designation Code|url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/cracking-aircraft-designation-code|website=U.S. Naval Institute|language=en|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Military Aircraft Designations|url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html|website=designation-systems.net|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> I-22 malah nggunakaken nama perusahaan pembuatipun minangka aksara purwaka. Sistem penamaan punika sami kados ingkang dipun-damel dening [[Rusia]] kanggē pesawat-pesawatipun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-19|title=Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_military_aircraft_designation_systems&oldid=1150608769|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Minangka conto, aksara SU ing pesawat [[Sukhoi Su-57|Su-57]] nuduhaken perusahaan pembuatipun yaiku [[Sukhoi]]. Bab punika berlaku kanggē meh sedaya pesawat Rusia<ref name=":2" /> kados TU kanggē [[Tupolev]], MIG kanggē [[Mikoyan]], IL kanggē [[Ilyushin]], lan taksih kathah maneh. Beda kaliyan Amerika lan Tiongkok ingkang aksara purwakanipun nuduhaken fungsi pesawat, kados F kanggē Fighter, J kanggē Jianjiji (fighter), B kanggē Bomber, H kanggē Hongzhaji (bomber), lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /> Nanging bab punika mboten ateges sedaya pesawat tempur buatan Indonesia ing tembe bakal nggunakaken sistem penamaan kasebat, amargi nama I-22 Sikatan mboten dipunparingi dening pemerintah, nanging dening perusahaan Infoglobal piyambak. == Desain == Konsep desain I-22 Sikatan dipungagas nindakaken kerja sami kaliyan firma desain kedirgantaraan lokal [[Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurw|date=2022-11-26|title=DEFENSE STUDIES: Menengok Konsep Pesawat Tempur Generasi 4,5 dari Infoglobal|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2022/11/menengok-konsep-pesawat-tempur-generasi.html|website=DEFENSE STUDIES|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> ingkang dipunpangarsi dening tilas penerbang kendaraan udara nirawak komersial ([[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]), Sunanto Ajidarmo. Wonten pameran kasebat, Sunanto ngandharaken i-22 Sikatan minangka konsep pesawat tempur bermesin ganda kanthi desain ingkang dipun-inspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Militer|first=Garuda|date=Kamis, 08 Desember 2022|title=Garuda Militer: i-22 Sikatan Infoglobal|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2022/12/i-22-sikatan-infoglobal.html#|website=Garuda Militer|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indo Defence 2022: Indonesian aerospace firm unveils 4.5-generation fighter concept|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Desain punika nyajikaken wujud [[Penampang lintang radar|penampang radar]] ingkang dipunsuda lan kathah-kathahipun nggunakaken bahan komposit kanggē nambah karakter silumanipun.[[File:Saab JAS 39 Gripen at Kaivopuisto Air Show, June 2017 (altered) copy.jpg|thumb|240px|Saab JAS 39 Gripen wonten ing pagelaran Kaivopuisto Air Show.]] I-22 Sikatan gadhah dimensi ingkang ringkes kanthi dawa 12,5 meter, [[rentang sayap|jembar sayap]] 7 meter, lan dhuwur 3,5 meter. Pesawat punika sengaja dirancang mawi ukuran cilik amargi bakal dipun-ngangge minangka pesawat tempur utama lan saged dipun-ginakaken kanggē patroli jarak tebih.<ref>https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept</ref> Sudut kemiringan sirip jejegipun dipunrancang kanggē mbuwang pantulan gelombang radar menyang samping, sanes wangsul menyang sumber radar mungsuh. Garis tajam ingkang dawa saking irung nganti tekan sayap (chine) gadhah fungsi memecah turbulensi sarta nyuda Radar Cross Section (RCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> Konsep punika gadhah kalih varian – satunggal mawi konfigurasi sayap canard, lan satunggal malih tanpa sayap canard. Konfigurasi sayap canard gadhah jembar sayap 9 meter, dene ingkang mboten gadhah sayap canard jembar sayapipun 9,6 meter. Loro-loronipun konsep kasebat dipunrancang jangkep wonten ing njero negeri dening para insinyur dirgantara lokal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KASKUS|title=Indo Defence 2022: PT Infoglobal Tampilkan Mockup Jet Tempur i-22 Sikatan|url=https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/6368ea4f68f1707c384efdfb/indo-defence-2022-pt-infoglobal-tampilkan-mockup-jet-tempur-i-22-sikatan|website=KASKUS|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mock-up ingkang dipun-pameraken ing Indo Defence 2022 inggih punika varian tanpa canard, lan dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran aslinipun kanggē nggampilaken pangaturan pengiriman lan taksih wujud mockup kasar. Infoglobal ngrancang nggunakaken mesin saking Hawk Mk.209 kanggē prototipe kapisanipun, nanging wonten spekulasi ing tembe wingking babagan potensi panganggean [[mesin jet]] asil reverse engineering.<ref>https://tni-au.mil.id/berita/detail/depohar-30-dislitbangau-dan-pt-its-berkolaborasi-dalam-reverse-engineering-pesawat-hawk-mk-209</ref> == Pangembangan == Program pangembangan bakal dipuntindakaken wonten ing tigang tahap. Wonten ing tahap kapisan, pesawat bakal dipun-kembangaken minangka [[pesawat latih|pesawat latih]]. Tahap kaping kalih bakal dados demonstrator. Lajeng, fase pungkasan bakal dados sistem penuh.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/63bb866f43375|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}} Sistem penuh kasebat inggih punika I-22 varian Multirole lan I-22 varian Superioritas Udara ingkang pancen dados kabetahan primer pertahanan udara saking jinis pesawat tempur</ref> Infoglobal sampun ngawiti Program Sikatan i-22 kanthi tujuan penguasaan teknologi pesawat tempur lan ningali potensi pasar kanthi manfaataken pengalaman lan katrampilanipun ing desain/produksi sistem pesawat ingkang hemat biaya.<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref> === Indo Defence 2022 === Wonten ing acara [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ingkang dipun-awontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022, PT. Infoglobal kanggē kapisanipun ngenalaken mockup saking pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ing arena outdoor booth OD 60.<ref name=":3" /> Mock-up ingkang dipunpameraken inggih punika varian tanpa canard, dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran asli supados gampil dipuntata nalika pengiriman lan taksih rupa mockup kasar. [[File:Mockup I-22 Sikatan Indo Defense 2024.png|thumb|Mockup pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan sesarengan kaliyan pesawat nirawak Wani-23]] === Indo Defence 2024 === Wonten ing pagelaran Indo Defence 2024 ingkang dipun-awontenaken tanggal 11 - 14 Juni 2025, PT Infoglobal nampilaken pangembangan paling anyar saking program i-22 Sikatan, kalebet model kokpit skala penuh lan simulator penerbanganipun. Kehadiran punika nglanjutaken partisipasi perusahaan wonten ing pameran rong taunan kasebat, sasampunipun sadurungipun ugi memamerkan model lan versi berskala luwih cilik ing taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Pamerkan Kokpit Skala Penuh i-22 Sikatan|url=https://gbp.com.sg/regional_stories/infoglobal-pamerkan-kokpit-skala-penuh-i-22-sikatan/|website=GBP|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan Demonstrator ingkang dipun-pameraken nuduhaken kemajuan sajjeroning pangembangan teknologi pesawat tempur, kalebet desain kokpit ingkang modern. Pesawat punika dipunjangkepi fitur [[fly-by-wire]], ing ngendi flight control utawi [[sistem kendali]] penerbangan mlaku kanthi elektronik liwat joystick lan throttle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Unveils Full-Scale i-22 Sikatan Cockpit|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/684bdbe9604cc|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> [[File:Full Scale Cockpit & Demonstrator I-22 Sikatan.jpg|thumb|Kokpit lan demonstrator skala penuh pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ingkang dipunpameraken ing pameran Indo Defense 2024]] Sebagean gedhe konfigurasi avionikipun terintegrasi sajjeroning siji panoramic display berukuran 25”. Layar punika nampilaken macem-macem data, wiwit saking CNI System, Map-based navigation, Fuel & Engine Monitoring System, Integrated Caution and Warning System (ICAWS), nganti tekan Weapon System. i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi IESD minangka backup flight instrument, sarta fitur day/night mode kanggē operasional pesawat ing lingkungan kanthi cahya sithik utawi wektu wengi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instagram/infoglobal|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKy7vc2TLcJ/|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mboten namung wonten ing kokpit, i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) ingkang ngemungaken data penerbangan wigati dipunproyeksikaken langkung menyang [[retina]] pilot liwat tampilan ing helm, saengga nambah kesadaran situasional pilot sajjeroning misi. I-22 dipunproyeksikaken nggunakaken AESA Radar lan sistem Data Link ingkang ngemungaken pesawat punika bertempur kanthi "senyap" tanpa kudu nyalakaken radar aktif ingkang saged dipundeteksi dening mungsuh. == Kontroversi == [[File:The third prototype of the KF-21 Boramae on display at the 2022 Sacheon Airshow.png|thumb|240px|Prototipe kaping tiga KF-21 Boramae.]] I-22 Sikatan sering dipun-tingali negatif mliginipun dening pengamat militer [[Korea Selatan]] lan [[Tiongkok]]. Desain I-22 Sikatan kerep dipunanggep mirip kaliyan [[KAI KF-21 Boramae|KF-21 Boramae]] saking Korea Selatan lan [[Chengdu J-20|J-20]] saking Tiongkok. Malah sawetara pengamat militer Korea Selatan curiga yen wonten ingkang mbocorken teknologi inti KF-21 menyang Indonesia amargi wektu dipun-kenalaken I-22 terlalau 'kebeneran' ing tengah nunggakipun utang Indonesia ing proyek KF-21. Dheweke curiga yen Indonesia bakal metu saking proyek KF-21 lan mbangun I-22 mawi teknologi KF-21 ingkang sampun dipun-gadhahi kanthi meneng-meneng. Nanging, beda kaliyan fakta ing lapangan amargi kebanyakan masyarakat Korea durung ngerti babagan anane I-22 Sikatan. [[File:J-20 at CCAS2022 (20220827103424).jpg|thumb|240px|J-20 Mighty Dragon gadhahipun Tiongkok.]] Sanadyan durung saged dipunpastiaken kasetenanipun, sawetara pengamat militer Tiongkok ugi tumut nuduh yen Indonesia sampun njiplak rancangan pesawat tempur J-20.<ref>{{Cite web|title=除土耳其无人机之外,又多一国仿制我们的歼20,连DSI进气道都有?_印尼_战机_国家|url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/619069242_121432636|website=www.sohu.com|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Sanadyan [[Direktur utama|CEO]] Infoglobal piyambak ngendika yen desain I-22 terinspirasi saking JAS-39 Gripen, nanging mboten saged dipunsangkal yen desain I-22 pancen mirip sanget kaliyan J-20. == Varian (proyeksi) == Wonten tigang versi ingkang dipunrancangkan:<ref name="airspace-review">{{Cite web |last=Sawiyya |first=Rangga Baswara |date=2022-11-06 |title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21 |url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/ |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=Airspace Review |language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Block I''': Generasi kaping 4.5, punika gadhah 2 varian yaiku [[pesawat latih|Pesawat Latih Lanjut]] & [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Pesawat Tempur Multiperan]] kanthi sistem avionik anyar kanggē kabetahan pelatihan pilot lan pertahanan negara saking ancaman pesawat tempur multiperan lintunipun. * '''Block II''': Generasi kaping 5, varian [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Pesawat Tempur Superioritas Udara]], nanging ugi gadhah kemampuan kanggē nindakaken pertempuran dharat, peperangan elektronik, lan [[SIGINT|sinyal intelijen]] kanthi sistem avionik canggih, kompartemen senjata internal lan kemampuan silumanipun sarta berpotensi ngalami pembesaran desain pesawat. * '''Demonstrator Teknologi''': Versi demonstrasi teknologi sadurunge '''Block I'''. == Spesifikasi (proyeksi) == Adhedhasar data spesifikasi.<ref name="jawapos">{{cite news|url=https://infoglobal.co.id/be/api/media/file/1604602.pdf|publisher=Jawa Pos|title=Alutsista Buatan Lokal Siap Tembus Dominasi Global|date=2025-07-01|first=Azami|last=Ramadhan|location=Surabaya|language=id}}</ref> [[File:Infoglobal_I-22_Sikatan_Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block I saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] [[File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block II saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] === Karakteristik Utama === * Kapasitas Kru: 1 utawi 2 * Desain Block 1: Wiwitanipun terinspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]] nanging luwih mirip kaliyan [[Chengdu J-20]], ngadopsi karakter siluman kanthi citra radar rendah lan nggunakaken [[material komposit]] * Desain Block 2: Ngadopsi konfigurasi canard-delta berbasis blended wing-body (BWB), ingkang ngombinasikaken elemen aerodinamis Chengdu J-20 (sirip canard aktif) kaliyan tata letak siluman F-22 Raptor (twin canted tail lan geometri penampang radar rendah). Konstruksi airframe manfaataken Komposit Serat Karbon Lanjut (Advanced CFRP) lan Titanium-Matrix Composite (TMC), dipundhaptarake kaliyan pelapis Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial, Diverterless Supersonic Inlet (DSI), sarta Thrust Vectoring Nozzles (TVN) kanggē nyuda jejak inframerah lan penampang radar (RCS). * Dawane: 12.5&nbsp;m (perkiraan 18m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Jembar sayap: 7m (perkiraan 13m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Dhuwur: 3.5m (5.3m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Bobot: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * [[Berat lepas landas maksimum|Bobot lepas landas maksimum]]: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * Mesin: Dipunsengkuyung dening Mesin Turbofan 2x Reverse engineering / WS-10 series kanggē block 1 (Varian Block 2 durung dipuntentukan, kemungkinan ''Low-bypass Afterburning Turbofan'') * Sistem kontrol: Block 1, Digital Fly-by-Wire (DFBW) Quad-redundant mawi Flight Envelope Protectional mawi layar panorama 25 inci lan Sistem Tampilan Terpasang Helmet-Mounted Display System (HMDS) kanthi integrasi VR/AR. Sauntara punika Block 2, ''Advanced DFBW'' (utawi ''Fly-by-Light'' / FBL) terintegrasi ''Thrust Vector Control'' (TVC) lan kontrol ''High Angle-of-Attack'' (AoA). * Sistem radar: Radar AESA-X (experimental) buatan Infoglobal * Lambung Senjata: Internal Weapon Bay === Fitur siluman === Wonten ing rancangan konsep varian Block 2, I-22 Sikatan dipunproyeksikaken manfaataken lapisan Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial ingkang dipunintegrasikaken ing struktur komposit pesawat. Penggunaan metamaterial punika dipunmaksudaken kanggē nyuda nilai Radar Cross Section (RCS) kanthi nyerap spektrum gelombang radar ingkang luwih jembar (broadband), sarta nyuda bobot fisik yen dipunbandingaken kaliyan RAM konvensional berbasis ferit utawi polimer konduktif kados dene ingkang dipungunakaken ing F-22 Raptor. Sanadyan katulis sajjeroning dokumen spesifikasi target, penggunaan pelapis metamaterial punika taksih mawi status proyeksi teknis jangka dawa. Secara global, pengaplikasian metamaterial ing kerangka pesawat tempur taksih wonten ing tahap riset lan uji coba terbatas, dene fokus pangembangan I-22 Sikatan wektu punika taksih dipunprioritasaken ing varian latih & multiperan (Block 1) lan integrasi avionik. === Performa === * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach udakara 2.350 km/jam nggunakaken twin-engine aircraft (Block 1). * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach nganti 2,6 Mach (udakara 2. == Referensi == 9e0l0bha992syzepi9azevethymji18 1756357 1756348 2026-09-12T10:09:22Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756357 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Aircraft |name=Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan |image=File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png |type= Block I [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Zat tempur multiperan]]<br />Block II [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Zat tempur unggul udara]] |national origin=Indonesia |manufacturer=[[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]] |designer=[https://id.linkedin.com/showcase/vlr-consulting-group/ Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa] |first flight=Durung kaweruhan |introduced= |retired= |status=Prototipe (Sajjeroning pangembangan) |primary user=Durung kaweruhan |more users= |produced= |number built= 1 Unit Prototype<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref>|unit cost=|developed from=|variants with their own articles=|developed into= }} '''Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan''' inggih punika program pangembangan [[pesawat tempur multiperan|zat tempur multiperan]] generasi 4.5 lan [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|zat tempur unggul udara]] generasi 5 [[Indonesia]] ingkang dipuntindakaken dening [[Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta|PT Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Zat tempur punika dipunrancang minangka zat tempur ukuran menengah-ngeboti kanthi mesin ganda, kursi ganda, mawi sistem [[avionik]] modern lan fitur berkinerja dhuwur, supados saged ngebaki peran wigati minangka sarana pelatihan penerbang modern liwat kinerja ingkang sae piyambak. Mockup saking zat tempur punika sampun dipunpameraken wonten ing arena njawi [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ing booth OD 60 ingkang dipunawontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Rizkia|first=Zulaika|date=2023-11-13|title=I-22 Sikatan Dikembangkan Bukan Buat TNI AU Tapi Infoglobal Rela Kucurkan Uang Karena Indonesia Ternyata Punya Bidikan - Zona Jakarta|url=https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan|website=Zona Jakarta|language=id|access-date=2024-02-21}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan minangka program pangembangan zat tempur kaping kalih ingkang dipuntindakaken dening Indonesia. Sadurungipun, Indonesia, liwat [[Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional|LAPAN]], nate ngembangaken zat tempur multiperan siluman generasi kaping gansal kanthi nama [[LAPAN Fighter Experimental (LFX)]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Liputan6.com|date=2014-04-22|title=LFX, Pengembangan Pesawat Tempur Indonesia yang Tertunda|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/2040091/lfx-pengembangan-pesawat-tempur-indonesia-yang-tertunda|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2023-06-30}}</ref> ing taun 2012, nanging program kasebat dipunbekukaken ing taun 2013 nganti sapriki tanpa wonten kajelasan. == Sistem Penamaan == Aksara "I" ing nama pesawat dipunpendhet saking nama perusahaan ingkang ndamel, yaiku Infoglobal, dene angka "22" nuduhaken taun 2022 ing ngendi mock-up pesawat punika kapisan dipuntampilaken wonten ing acara Indo Defence Expo & Forum.<ref name=":0" /> Sauntara punika, nama Sikatan dipunpendhet saking nama jinis manuk [[Ficedula|Sikatan]] ingkang kathah dipunpanggangi ing sawetara negara [[Asia Tenggara]]. Manuk punika misuwur amargi trampil lan gesit nalika miber. Paring nama Sikatan marang pesawat I-22 punika gadhah pangarep-arep benjang I-22 saged miber kanthi gesit kados dene manuk Sikatan ing alam liar.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> === Aksara Purwaka === Beda kaliyan Amerika Serikat lan Tiongkok ingkang penamaan pesawatipun nggunakaken aksara purwaka (awalan) kanggē nuduhaken fungsi saking pesawat kasebat,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-01|title=Cracking the Aircraft Designation Code|url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2019/june/cracking-aircraft-designation-code|website=U.S. Naval Institute|language=en|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Chinese Military Aircraft Designations|url=https://designation-systems.net/non-us/china.html|website=designation-systems.net|access-date=2023-07-01}}</ref> I-22 malah nggunakaken nama perusahaan pembuatipun minangka aksara purwaka. Sistem penamaan punika sami kados ingkang dipun-damel dening [[Rusia]] kanggē pesawat-pesawatipun.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-19|title=Soviet Union military aircraft designation systems|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_Union_military_aircraft_designation_systems&oldid=1150608769|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref> Minangka conto, aksara SU ing pesawat [[Sukhoi Su-57|Su-57]] nuduhaken perusahaan pembuatipun yaiku [[Sukhoi]]. Bab punika berlaku kanggē meh sedaya pesawat Rusia<ref name=":2" /> kados TU kanggē [[Tupolev]], MIG kanggē [[Mikoyan]], IL kanggē [[Ilyushin]], lan taksih kathah maneh. Beda kaliyan Amerika lan Tiongkok ingkang aksara purwakanipun nuduhaken fungsi pesawat, kados F kanggē Fighter, J kanggē Jianjiji (fighter), B kanggē Bomber, H kanggē Hongzhaji (bomber), lan lintunipun.<ref name=":1" /> Nanging bab punika mboten ateges sedaya pesawat tempur buatan Indonesia ing tembe bakal nggunakaken sistem penamaan kasebat, amargi nama I-22 Sikatan mboten dipunparingi dening pemerintah, nanging dening perusahaan Infoglobal piyambak. == Desain == Konsep desain I-22 Sikatan dipungagas nindakaken kerja sami kaliyan firma desain kedirgantaraan lokal [[Vimana Litbang & Rekayasa]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nurw|date=2022-11-26|title=DEFENSE STUDIES: Menengok Konsep Pesawat Tempur Generasi 4,5 dari Infoglobal|url=http://defense-studies.blogspot.com/2022/11/menengok-konsep-pesawat-tempur-generasi.html|website=DEFENSE STUDIES|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> ingkang dipunpangarsi dening tilas penerbang kendaraan udara nirawak komersial ([[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]]), Sunanto Ajidarmo. Wonten pameran kasebat, Sunanto ngandharaken i-22 Sikatan minangka konsep pesawat tempur bermesin ganda kanthi desain ingkang dipun-inspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Militer|first=Garuda|date=Kamis, 08 Desember 2022|title=Garuda Militer: i-22 Sikatan Infoglobal|url=http://garudamiliter.blogspot.com/2022/12/i-22-sikatan-infoglobal.html#|website=Garuda Militer|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Indo Defence 2022: Indonesian aerospace firm unveils 4.5-generation fighter concept|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2023-05-21}}</ref> Desain punika nyajikaken wujud [[Penampang lintang radar|penampang radar]] ingkang dipunsuda lan kathah-kathahipun nggunakaken bahan komposit kanggē nambah karakter silumanipun.[[File:Saab JAS 39 Gripen at Kaivopuisto Air Show, June 2017 (altered) copy.jpg|thumb|240px|Saab JAS 39 Gripen wonten ing pagelaran Kaivopuisto Air Show.]] I-22 Sikatan gadhah dimensi ingkang ringkes kanthi dawa 12,5 meter, [[rentang sayap|jembar sayap]] 7 meter, lan dhuwur 3,5 meter. Pesawat punika sengaja dirancang mawi ukuran cilik amargi bakal dipun-ngangge minangka pesawat tempur utama lan saged dipun-ginakaken kanggē patroli jarak tebih.<ref>https://www.janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/air/indo-defence-2022-indonesian-aerospace-firm-unveils-45-generation-fighter-concept</ref> Sudut kemiringan sirip jejegipun dipunrancang kanggē mbuwang pantulan gelombang radar menyang samping, sanes wangsul menyang sumber radar mungsuh. Garis tajam ingkang dawa saking irung nganti tekan sayap (chine) gadhah fungsi memecah turbulensi sarta nyuda Radar Cross Section (RCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sawiyya|first=Rangga Baswara|date=2022-11-06|title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21|url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/|website=Airspace Review|language=en-US|access-date=2023-05-22}}</ref> Konsep punika gadhah kalih varian – satunggal mawi konfigurasi sayap canard, lan satunggal malih tanpa sayap canard. Konfigurasi sayap canard gadhah jembar sayap 9 meter, dene ingkang mboten gadhah sayap canard jembar sayapipun 9,6 meter. Loro-loronipun konsep kasebat dipunrancang jangkep wonten ing njero negeri dening para insinyur dirgantara lokal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=KASKUS|title=Indo Defence 2022: PT Infoglobal Tampilkan Mockup Jet Tempur i-22 Sikatan|url=https://www.kaskus.co.id/thread/6368ea4f68f1707c384efdfb/indo-defence-2022-pt-infoglobal-tampilkan-mockup-jet-tempur-i-22-sikatan|website=KASKUS|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mock-up ingkang dipun-pameraken ing Indo Defence 2022 inggih punika varian tanpa canard, lan dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran aslinipun kanggē nggampilaken pangaturan pengiriman lan taksih wujud mockup kasar. Infoglobal ngrancang nggunakaken mesin saking Hawk Mk.209 kanggē prototipe kapisanipun, nanging wonten spekulasi ing tembe wingking babagan potensi panganggean [[mesin jet]] asil reverse engineering.<ref>https://tni-au.mil.id/berita/detail/depohar-30-dislitbangau-dan-pt-its-berkolaborasi-dalam-reverse-engineering-pesawat-hawk-mk-209</ref> == Pangembangan == Program pangembangan bakal dipuntindakaken wonten ing tigang tahap. Wonten ing tahap kapisan, pesawat bakal dipun-kembangaken minangka [[pesawat latih|pesawat latih]]. Tahap kaping kalih bakal dados demonstrator. Lajeng, fase pungkasan bakal dados sistem penuh.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/63bb866f43375|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2023-05-21}} Sistem penuh kasebat inggih punika I-22 varian Multirole lan I-22 varian Superioritas Udara ingkang pancen dados kabetahan primer pertahanan udara saking jinis pesawat tempur</ref> Infoglobal sampun ngawiti Program Sikatan i-22 kanthi tujuan penguasaan teknologi pesawat tempur lan ningali potensi pasar kanthi manfaataken pengalaman lan katrampilanipun ing desain/produksi sistem pesawat ingkang hemat biaya.<ref>https://m.infoglobal.co.id/id/news/i22_Sikatan_jet_tempur_ringan_multirole_di_level_T50_dan_KF21</ref> === Indo Defence 2022 === Wonten ing acara [[Indo Defence Expo & Forum]] 2022 ingkang dipun-awontenaken ing [[Jakarta International Expo|JIExpo]] [[Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat|Kemayoran]] tanggal 2-5 November 2022, PT. Infoglobal kanggē kapisanipun ngenalaken mockup saking pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ing arena outdoor booth OD 60.<ref name=":3" /> Mock-up ingkang dipunpameraken inggih punika varian tanpa canard, dipun-damel udakara 90% saking ukuran asli supados gampil dipuntata nalika pengiriman lan taksih rupa mockup kasar. [[File:Mockup I-22 Sikatan Indo Defense 2024.png|thumb|Mockup pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan sesarengan kaliyan pesawat nirawak Wani-23]] === Indo Defence 2024 === Wonten ing pagelaran Indo Defence 2024 ingkang dipun-awontenaken tanggal 11 - 14 Juni 2025, PT Infoglobal nampilaken pangembangan paling anyar saking program i-22 Sikatan, kalebet model kokpit skala penuh lan simulator penerbanganipun. Kehadiran punika nglanjutaken partisipasi perusahaan wonten ing pameran rong taunan kasebat, sasampunipun sadurungipun ugi memamerkan model lan versi berskala luwih cilik ing taun 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Pamerkan Kokpit Skala Penuh i-22 Sikatan|url=https://gbp.com.sg/regional_stories/infoglobal-pamerkan-kokpit-skala-penuh-i-22-sikatan/|website=GBP|language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> I-22 Sikatan Demonstrator ingkang dipun-pameraken nuduhaken kemajuan sajjeroning pangembangan teknologi pesawat tempur, kalebet desain kokpit ingkang modern. Pesawat punika dipunjangkepi fitur [[fly-by-wire]], ing ngendi flight control utawi [[sistem kendali]] penerbangan mlaku kanthi elektronik liwat joystick lan throttle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Infoglobal Unveils Full-Scale i-22 Sikatan Cockpit|url=https://www.infoglobal.co.id/media/news_detail/684bdbe9604cc|website=www.infoglobal.co.id|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> [[File:Full Scale Cockpit & Demonstrator I-22 Sikatan.jpg|thumb|Kokpit lan demonstrator skala penuh pesawat tempur I-22 Sikatan ingkang dipunpameraken ing pameran Indo Defense 2024]] Sebagean gedhe konfigurasi avionikipun terintegrasi sajjeroning siji panoramic display berukuran 25”. Layar punika nampilaken macem-macem data, wiwit saking CNI System, Map-based navigation, Fuel & Engine Monitoring System, Integrated Caution and Warning System (ICAWS), nganti tekan Weapon System. i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi IESD minangka backup flight instrument, sarta fitur day/night mode kanggē operasional pesawat ing lingkungan kanthi cahya sithik utawi wektu wengi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Instagram/infoglobal|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/DKy7vc2TLcJ/|website=www.instagram.com|access-date=2025-06-16}}</ref> Mboten namung wonten ing kokpit, i-22 Sikatan ugi dipunjangkepi Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS) ingkang ngemungaken data penerbangan wigati dipunproyeksikaken langkung menyang [[retina]] pilot liwat tampilan ing helm, saengga nambah kesadaran situasional pilot sajjeroning misi. I-22 dipunproyeksikaken nggunakaken AESA Radar lan sistem Data Link ingkang ngemungaken pesawat punika bertempur kanthi "senyap" tanpa kudu nyalakaken radar aktif ingkang saged dipundeteksi dening mungsuh. == Kontroversi == [[File:The third prototype of the KF-21 Boramae on display at the 2022 Sacheon Airshow.png|thumb|240px|Prototipe kaping tiga KF-21 Boramae.]] I-22 Sikatan sering dipun-tingali negatif mliginipun dening pengamat militer [[Korea Selatan]] lan [[Tiongkok]]. Desain I-22 Sikatan kerep dipunanggep mirip kaliyan [[KAI KF-21 Boramae|KF-21 Boramae]] saking Korea Selatan lan [[Chengdu J-20|J-20]] saking Tiongkok. Malah sawetara pengamat militer Korea Selatan curiga yen wonten ingkang mbocorken teknologi inti KF-21 menyang Indonesia amargi wektu dipun-kenalaken I-22 terlalau 'kebeneran' ing tengah nunggakipun utang Indonesia ing proyek KF-21. Dheweke curiga yen Indonesia bakal metu saking proyek KF-21 lan mbangun I-22 mawi teknologi KF-21 ingkang sampun dipun-gadhahi kanthi meneng-meneng. Nanging, beda kaliyan fakta ing lapangan amargi kebanyakan masyarakat Korea durung ngerti babagan anane I-22 Sikatan. [[File:J-20 at CCAS2022 (20220827103424).jpg|thumb|240px|J-20 Mighty Dragon gadhahipun Tiongkok.]] Sanadyan durung saged dipunpastiaken kasetenanipun, sawetara pengamat militer Tiongkok ugi tumut nuduh yen Indonesia sampun njiplak rancangan pesawat tempur J-20.<ref>{{Cite web|title=除土耳其无人机之外,又多一国仿制我们的歼20,连DSI进气道都有?_印尼_战机_国家|url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/619069242_121432636|website=www.sohu.com|access-date=2023-05-21}}{{Pranala mati|date=September 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Sanadyan [[Direktur utama|CEO]] Infoglobal piyambak ngendika yen desain I-22 terinspirasi saking JAS-39 Gripen, nanging mboten saged dipunsangkal yen desain I-22 pancen mirip sanget kaliyan J-20. == Varian (proyeksi) == Wonten tigang versi ingkang dipunrancangkan:<ref name="airspace-review">{{Cite web |last=Sawiyya |first=Rangga Baswara |date=2022-11-06 |title=i-22 Sikatan, jet tempur ringan multirole di level T-50 dan KF-21 |url=https://www.airspace-review.com/2022/11/06/i-22-sikatan-jet-tempur-ringan-multirole-di-level-t-50-dan-kf-21/ |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=Airspace Review |language=en-US}}</ref> * '''Block I''': Generasi kaping 4.5, punika gadhah 2 varian yaiku [[pesawat latih|Pesawat Latih Lanjut]] & [[Pesawat tempur multiperan|Pesawat Tempur Multiperan]] kanthi sistem avionik anyar kanggē kabetahan pelatihan pilot lan pertahanan negara saking ancaman pesawat tempur multiperan lintunipun. * '''Block II''': Generasi kaping 5, varian [[Pesawat tempur superioritas udara|Pesawat Tempur Superioritas Udara]], nanging ugi gadhah kemampuan kanggē nindakaken pertempuran dharat, peperangan elektronik, lan [[SIGINT|sinyal intelijen]] kanthi sistem avionik canggih, kompartemen senjata internal lan kemampuan silumanipun sarta berpotensi ngalami pembesaran desain pesawat. * '''Demonstrator Teknologi''': Versi demonstrasi teknologi sadurunge '''Block I'''. == Spesifikasi (proyeksi) == Adhedhasar data spesifikasi.<ref name="jawapos">{{cite news|url=https://infoglobal.co.id/be/api/media/file/1604602.pdf|publisher=Jawa Pos|title=Alutsista Buatan Lokal Siap Tembus Dominasi Global|date=2025-07-01|first=Azami|last=Ramadhan|location=Surabaya|language=id}}</ref> [[File:Infoglobal_I-22_Sikatan_Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block I saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] [[File:I-22 Sikatan Fighter Version Sketchfab.png|thumb|Desain Block II saking Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan mawi 3D modelling]] === Karakteristik Utama === * Kapasitas Kru: 1 utawi 2 * Desain Block 1: Wiwitanipun terinspirasi saking [[Saab JAS 39 Gripen]] nanging luwih mirip kaliyan [[Chengdu J-20]], ngadopsi karakter siluman kanthi citra radar rendah lan nggunakaken [[material komposit]] * Desain Block 2: Ngadopsi konfigurasi canard-delta berbasis blended wing-body (BWB), ingkang ngombinasikaken elemen aerodinamis Chengdu J-20 (sirip canard aktif) kaliyan tata letak siluman F-22 Raptor (twin canted tail lan geometri penampang radar rendah). Konstruksi airframe manfaataken Komposit Serat Karbon Lanjut (Advanced CFRP) lan Titanium-Matrix Composite (TMC), dipundhaptarake kaliyan pelapis Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial, Diverterless Supersonic Inlet (DSI), sarta Thrust Vectoring Nozzles (TVN) kanggē nyuda jejak inframerah lan penampang radar (RCS). * Dawane: 12.5&nbsp;m (perkiraan 18m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Jembar sayap: 7m (perkiraan 13m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Dhuwur: 3.5m (5.3m kanggē Heavy Fighter) * Bobot: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * [[Berat lepas landas maksimum|Bobot lepas landas maksimum]]: Durung kaweruhan (Fase mockup) * Mesin: Dipunsengkuyung dening Mesin Turbofan 2x Reverse engineering / WS-10 series kanggē block 1 (Varian Block 2 durung dipuntentukan, kemungkinan ''Low-bypass Afterburning Turbofan'') * Sistem kontrol: Block 1, Digital Fly-by-Wire (DFBW) Quad-redundant mawi Flight Envelope Protectional mawi layar panorama 25 inci lan Sistem Tampilan Terpasang Helmet-Mounted Display System (HMDS) kanthi integrasi VR/AR. Sauntara punika Block 2, ''Advanced DFBW'' (utawi ''Fly-by-Light'' / FBL) terintegrasi ''Thrust Vector Control'' (TVC) lan kontrol ''High Angle-of-Attack'' (AoA). * Sistem radar: Radar AESA-X (experimental) buatan Infoglobal * Lambung Senjata: Internal Weapon Bay === Fitur siluman === Wonten ing rancangan konsep varian Block 2, I-22 Sikatan dipunproyeksikaken manfaataken lapisan Radar-Absorbing Material (RAM) berbasis metamaterial ingkang dipunintegrasikaken ing struktur komposit pesawat. Penggunaan metamaterial punika dipunmaksudaken kanggē nyuda nilai Radar Cross Section (RCS) kanthi nyerap spektrum gelombang radar ingkang luwih jembar (broadband), sarta nyuda bobot fisik yen dipunbandingaken kaliyan RAM konvensional berbasis ferit utawi polimer konduktif kados dene ingkang dipungunakaken ing F-22 Raptor. Sanadyan katulis sajjeroning dokumen spesifikasi target, penggunaan pelapis metamaterial punika taksih mawi status proyeksi teknis jangka dawa. Secara global, pengaplikasian metamaterial ing kerangka pesawat tempur taksih wonten ing tahap riset lan uji coba terbatas, dene fokus pangembangan I-22 Sikatan wektu punika taksih dipunprioritasaken ing varian latih & multiperan (Block 1) lan integrasi avionik. === Performa === * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach udakara 2.350 km/jam nggunakaken twin-engine aircraft (Block 1). * Kecepatan maksimum: 2,1 Mach nganti 2,6 Mach (udakara 2. == Referensi == 54d5ug0lq2kdp7uszpkab8rpubm4f71 Pak Ngah 0 199703 1756324 1749737 2026-09-12T07:14:21Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 /* */ 1756324 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox wong}} '''Suhaimi Mohd Zain''', luwih dikenal kanthi jeneng '''Pak Ngah''' ({{lahirmati|[[Kuala Lumpur]], [[Malaysia]]|26|09|1958|[[Kutha Tanjungpinang|Tanjungpinang]], [[Kapuloan Riau]], [[Indhonésia]]|25|09|2018}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=KapanLagi.com: Profil Pak Ngah|url=https://www.kapanlagi.com/pak-ngah/|website=KapanLagi.com|language=id|access-date=4 Fèbruari 2026}}</ref>), minangka [[komposer]], [[panulis lagu]], lan produser rekaman saka [[Malaysia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kapanlagi.com: Musik - Trio Bidadari Bangga Dipegang 'Tangan Emas' Pak Ngah|url=https://musik.kapanlagi.com/berita/trio-bidadari-bangga-dipegang-tangan-emas-pak-ngah.html|website=KapanLagi.com|language=id|access-date=4 Fèbruari 2026}}</ref> Sawisé iku, karya-karyané akèh ditembangaké déning penyanyi misuwur antarané [[Noraniza Idris]], Datuk Jamal Abdillah, [[Siti Nurhaliza|Dato’ Sri Siti Nurhaliza]] lan [[Syura Badron]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.utusan.com.my/hiburan/ketua-muzik-yang-tegas-1.166134 |title=salinan arkib |access-date= 25 Maret 2026 |archive-date=12 Dhésèmber 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151212082438/http://www.utusan.com.my/hiburan/ketua-muzik-yang-tegas-1.166134 |url-status=live }}</ref> Dhèwèké tilar donya ing [[Kutha Tanjungpinang|Tanjung Pinang]], [[Indhonésia]] tanggal [[25 Sèptèmber]] [[2018]] amarga serangan jantung, sedina sadurungé ulang tauné sing kaping 60.<ref name="Hasrat tak kesampaian">{{cite news|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/hiburan/selebriti/2018/09/478398/hasrat-sambut-hari-lahir-di-tanah-air-tak-kesampaian|title=Hasrat sambut hari lahir di tanah air tak kesampaian|author=|work=Berita Harian|date=26 Sèptèmber 2018|accessdate=4 Fèbruari 2026}}</ref> == Referensi == {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ngah, Pak}} [[Kategori:Tokoh Melayu]] [[Kategori:Lair 1958]] [[Kategori:Pati 2018]] n80o3a4vnt77e6zwn2wrsj4ojmch7jb 1756331 1756324 2026-09-12T08:06:39Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 1756331 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox wong}} '''Suhaimi Mohd Zain''', luwih dikenal kanthi jeneng '''Pak Ngah''' ({{lahirmati|[[Kuala Lumpur]], [[Malaysia]]|26|09|1958|[[Kutha Tanjungpinang|Tanjungpinang]], [[Kapuloan Riau]], [[Indhonésia]]|25|09|2018}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=KapanLagi.com: Profil Pak Ngah|url=https://www.kapanlagi.com/pak-ngah/|website=KapanLagi.com|language=id|access-date=4 Fèbruari 2026}}</ref>), minangka [[komposer]], [[panulis lagu]], lan produser rekaman saka [[Malaysia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kapanlagi.com: Musik - Trio Bidadari Bangga Dipegang 'Tangan Emas' Pak Ngah|url=https://musik.kapanlagi.com/berita/trio-bidadari-bangga-dipegang-tangan-emas-pak-ngah.html|website=KapanLagi.com|language=id|access-date=4 Fèbruari 2026}}</ref> Sawisé iku, karya-karyané akèh ditembangaké déning penyanyi misuwur antarané [[Noraniza Idris]], Datuk Jamal Abdillah, [[Siti Nurhaliza|Dato’ Sri Siti Nurhaliza]] lan [[Syura Badron]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.utusan.com.my/hiburan/ketua-muzik-yang-tegas-1.166134 |title=salinan arkib |access-date= 25 Maret 2026 |archive-date=12 Dhésèmber 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151212082438/http://www.utusan.com.my/hiburan/ketua-muzik-yang-tegas-1.166134 |url-status=live }}</ref> Dhèwèké tilar donya ing [[Kutha Tanjungpinang|Tanjung Pinang]], [[Indhonésia]] tanggal [[25 Sèptèmber]] [[2018]] amarga serangan jantung, sedina sadurungé ulang tauné sing kaping 60.<ref name="Hasrat tak kesampaian">{{cite news|url=https://www.bharian.com.my/hiburan/selebriti/2018/09/478398/hasrat-sambut-hari-lahir-di-tanah-air-tak-kesampaian|title=Hasrat sambut hari lahir di tanah air tak kesampaian|author=|work=Berita Harian|date=26 Sèptèmber 2018|accessdate=4 Fèbruari 2026}}</ref> == Referensi == {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ngah, Pak}} [[Kategori:Tokoh Melayu]] [[Kategori:Panulis lagu]] [[Kategori:Komponis]] [[Kategori:Lair 1958]] [[Kategori:Pati 2018]] jn2xo5m4cq6yb8uppw9kr0boqcmqw5h Adnan Abu Hassan 0 199803 1756325 1743754 2026-09-12T07:22:51Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 /* */ 1756325 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox wong}} [[Jejuluk pakurmatan Melayu|Datuk]] '''Adnan Abu Hassan''' ({{lahirmati|Alor Setar, [[Kedah]]|6|01|1959|Selayang, [[Selangor]]|18|03|2016}}) iku sawijining [[komposer]], [[panulis lagu]], produser rekaman, [[musisi]], lan [[panulis lirik]] saka [[Malaysia]]. Dhèwèké dianggep minangka salah sawijining tokoh sing ngembangaké industri musik Malaysia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://malaysiandigest.com/frontpage/29-4-tile/601083-adnan-abu-hassan-dies-at-57.html |title=Adnan Abu Hassan Dies At 57 |access-date=13 Fèbruari 2026|archive-date=20 Dhésèmber 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220172337/http://malaysiandigest.com/frontpage/29-4-tile/601083-adnan-abu-hassan-dies-at-57.html }}</ref> == Pati == Adnan Abu Hassan tilar donya tanggal 18 Maret 2016, nalika yuswa 57 taun ing Rumah Sakit Selayang sawise ngalami stroke. Jenazah disarèkaké ing Pekuburan Muslim Kampung Sungai Ramal Dalam, Kajang, Selangor. == Réferènsi == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{IMDb name|nm0994082}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hassan, Adnan Abu}} [[Kategori:Lair 1959]] [[Kategori:Pati 2016]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Melayu]] {{Authority control}} rjc72qwh9hkil465vxisk70uwe0s3mn 1756332 1756325 2026-09-12T08:07:35Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 1756332 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox wong}} [[Jejuluk pakurmatan Melayu|Datuk]] '''Adnan Abu Hassan''' ({{lahirmati|Alor Setar, [[Kedah]]|6|01|1959|Selayang, [[Selangor]]|18|03|2016}}) iku sawijining [[komposer]], [[panulis lagu]], produser rekaman, [[musisi]], lan [[panulis lirik]] saka [[Malaysia]]. Dhèwèké dianggep minangka salah sawijining tokoh sing ngembangaké industri musik Malaysia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://malaysiandigest.com/frontpage/29-4-tile/601083-adnan-abu-hassan-dies-at-57.html |title=Adnan Abu Hassan Dies At 57 |access-date=13 Fèbruari 2026|archive-date=20 Dhésèmber 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220172337/http://malaysiandigest.com/frontpage/29-4-tile/601083-adnan-abu-hassan-dies-at-57.html }}</ref> == Pati == Adnan Abu Hassan tilar donya tanggal 18 Maret 2016, nalika yuswa 57 taun ing Rumah Sakit Selayang sawise ngalami stroke. Jenazah disarèkaké ing Pekuburan Muslim Kampung Sungai Ramal Dalam, Kajang, Selangor. == Réferènsi == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{IMDb name|nm0994082}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hassan, Adnan Abu}} [[Kategori:Lair 1959]] [[Kategori:Pati 2016]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Melayu]] [[Kategori:Panulis lagu]] [[Kategori:Panulis lirik]] [[Kategori:Komponis]] {{Authority control}} 0vgfiyrt6f3dgunsl37trl90curelpr Kategori:Siti Nurhaliza 14 200105 1756329 1746207 2026-09-12T08:04:07Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 /* */ 1756329 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cat main}} {{Commonscat}} [[Kategori:Penyanyi Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Aktris Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Panulis lagu]] [[Kategori:Panulis lirik]] [[Kategori:Komponis]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Jawa]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Melayu]] sua5cr0ahj6wuttmwgwr5o6zgoum5ge 1756330 1756329 2026-09-12T08:05:43Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 /* */ 1756330 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cat main}} {{Commonscat}} [[Kategori:Penyanyi Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Aktris Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Jawa]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Melayu]] so15gcbdlnmjrd3tqpoarwxv7shhkxq Khir Rahman 0 200756 1756333 1754469 2026-09-12T08:18:17Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 1756333 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox wong}} '''Khairulizam Abdul Rahman''' ({{lahirmati|[[Johor Bahru]], [[Johor]], [[Malaysia]]|12|03|1973}}), sing dikenal kanthi jeneng '''Khir Rahman''', yaiku [[aktor]], [[sutradhara]], [[musisi]], [[komposer]], penulis skenario lan [[pranatacara|host]] [[Malaysia]]. Dhèwèké putra saka pasangan penyanyi pop Yeh Yeh sing misuwur, almarhum Dato' A. Rahman Hassan lan almarhumah Datin Azizah Mohamad. == Urip awal == Dheweke lair kanthi jeneng Khairulizam bin Abdul Rahman tanggal 12 Maret 1973 lan putrane penyanyi pop Yeh-Yeh, yaiku Datuk A. Rahman Hassan lan Datin Azizah Mohamad. Gedhe ing Johor, getih seni mili banget ing awake nganti saiki. == Karir == === Teater === Dhèwèké miwiti kariré ing seni liwat teater ing Akademi Seni lan Warisan Kebangsaan (ASWARA). Antarane kanca-kancane yaiku Zul Huzaimy, Adlin Aman Ramlie lan putri artis Mariani, Melissa Saila. Dhèwèké bali manèh menyang panggung teater nalika éntuk tawaran kanggo meranaké karakter Aduka ing teater ''Semerah Padi''. Dhèwèké dipasangake karo Fauzi Nawawi lan Jue Aziz.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kosmo.com.my/kosmo/content.asp?y=2011&dt=1206&pub=Kosmo&sec=Hiburan&pg=hi_01.htm |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-08-20 |archive-date=2011-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111207083718/http://www.kosmo.com.my/kosmo/content.asp?y=2011&dt=1206&pub=Kosmo&sec=Hiburan&pg=hi_01.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Musik === Khir Rahman uga misuwur minangka komposer lagu-lagu etnik sing kreatif. Lagu sing paling populer yaiku ''Mahligai Permata'' sing dinyanyekake dening [[Siti Nurhaliza]] sing dijupuk saka album ''[[Sahmura]]'' taun 2000. Khir uga ngrekam album solo ing taun 2004 ing sangisore label MIG Music kanthi irah-irahan ''Filsafat''. Khir Rahman uga dadi vokalis grup Iklim, ngganteni Saleem lan Azmani, lan ngrekam lagu 'Pergimu Satu Tanda'.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/Hiburan/20140914/hi_10/Mat-Romeo-penyanyi-Iklim |title=salinan arkib |access-date=20 Agustus 2026 |archive-date=1 Dhésèmber 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201032934/http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/Hiburan/20140914/hi_10/Mat-Romeo-penyanyi-Iklim }}</ref> === Film === Dhèwèké pungkasane ditawani main ing film ''Puteri Gunung Ledang'' kanthi peran minangka Tun Mamat. Dampak saka aktingé ing film kasebut ndadèkaké dhèwèké nampa tawaran ing taun candhake, kanthi 3 film dirilis ing taun 2005. Dhèwèké kerep nampa tawaran akting saka sutradara Mamat Khalid lan Afdlin Shauki. Jenengé wiwit disebut sawisé penampilané sing sukses ing film ''Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa'' minangka Kemawas. == Referensi == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{Instagram|kei_ramoss}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rahman, Khir}} [[Kategori:Tokoh Islam]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Melayu]] [[Kategori:Aktor Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Panulis lagu]] [[Kategori:Komponis]] dd6fqzwywksenmavdqkjump8smfb280 1756334 1756333 2026-09-12T08:21:31Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 1756334 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox wong}} '''Khairulizam Abdul Rahman''' ({{lahirmati|[[Johor Bahru]], [[Johor]], [[Malaysia]]|12|03|1973}}), sing dikenal kanthi jeneng '''Khir Rahman''', yaiku [[aktor]], [[sutradhara]], [[musisi]], [[panulis lagu]], [[panulis lirik]], [[komposer]], penulis skenario lan [[pranatacara|host]] [[Malaysia]]. Dhèwèké putra saka pasangan penyanyi pop Yeh Yeh sing misuwur, almarhum Dato' A. Rahman Hassan lan almarhumah Datin Azizah Mohamad. == Urip awal == Dheweke lair kanthi jeneng Khairulizam bin Abdul Rahman tanggal 12 Maret 1973 lan putrane penyanyi pop Yeh-Yeh, yaiku Datuk A. Rahman Hassan lan Datin Azizah Mohamad. Gedhe ing Johor, getih seni mili banget ing awake nganti saiki. == Karir == === Teater === Dhèwèké miwiti kariré ing seni liwat teater ing Akademi Seni lan Warisan Kebangsaan (ASWARA). Antarane kanca-kancane yaiku Zul Huzaimy, Adlin Aman Ramlie lan putri artis Mariani, Melissa Saila. Dhèwèké bali manèh menyang panggung teater nalika éntuk tawaran kanggo meranaké karakter Aduka ing teater ''Semerah Padi''. Dhèwèké dipasangake karo Fauzi Nawawi lan Jue Aziz.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kosmo.com.my/kosmo/content.asp?y=2011&dt=1206&pub=Kosmo&sec=Hiburan&pg=hi_01.htm |title=Archive copy |access-date=2026-08-20 |archive-date=2011-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111207083718/http://www.kosmo.com.my/kosmo/content.asp?y=2011&dt=1206&pub=Kosmo&sec=Hiburan&pg=hi_01.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Musik === Khir Rahman uga misuwur minangka komposer lagu-lagu etnik sing kreatif. Lagu sing paling populer yaiku ''Mahligai Permata'' sing dinyanyekake dening [[Siti Nurhaliza]] sing dijupuk saka album ''[[Sahmura]]'' taun 2000. Khir uga ngrekam album solo ing taun 2004 ing sangisore label MIG Music kanthi irah-irahan ''Filsafat''. Khir Rahman uga dadi vokalis grup Iklim, ngganteni Saleem lan Azmani, lan ngrekam lagu 'Pergimu Satu Tanda'.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/Hiburan/20140914/hi_10/Mat-Romeo-penyanyi-Iklim |title=salinan arkib |access-date=20 Agustus 2026 |archive-date=1 Dhésèmber 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201032934/http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/Hiburan/20140914/hi_10/Mat-Romeo-penyanyi-Iklim }}</ref> === Film === Dhèwèké pungkasane ditawani main ing film ''Puteri Gunung Ledang'' kanthi peran minangka Tun Mamat. Dampak saka aktingé ing film kasebut ndadèkaké dhèwèké nampa tawaran ing taun candhake, kanthi 3 film dirilis ing taun 2005. Dhèwèké kerep nampa tawaran akting saka sutradara Mamat Khalid lan Afdlin Shauki. Jenengé wiwit disebut sawisé penampilané sing sukses ing film ''Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa'' minangka Kemawas. == Referensi == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * {{Instagram|kei_ramoss}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rahman, Khir}} [[Kategori:Tokoh Islam]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Melayu]] [[Kategori:Aktor Malaysia]] [[Kategori:Panulis lagu]] [[Kategori:Panulis lirik]] [[Kategori:Komponis]] tqrwcyobqwyxkr7dsvikokpm4ukrqpm TK Ikal II Bulog Pos Pengumben Jakarta 0 200798 1756311 1756037 2026-09-11T17:45:14Z Rachmat04 17468 Requesting deletion ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]] v3.1c) 1756311 wikitext text/x-wiki <noinclude>{{delete|1=Spam lintas wiki <small>[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]]</small>}}</noinclude> '''Kindergarten (TK) Ikal II Bulog Pos Pengumben''' minangka unit PAUD (Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini) swasta terakreditasi sing diadegaké wiwit taun [[1982]]. Dumunung ing Kompleks Bulog Jalan Pos Pengumben, Sukabumi Selatan, Kebon Jeruk, [[Jakarta Barat]], sekolah iki nerapaké metode pasinaon adhedhasar sentra (*center-based*) lan adhedhasar proyek (*project-based*) kanggo bocah-bocah usia dini. <ref>"TKAL II" https://sekolah.data.kemendikdasmen.go.id/profil-sekolah/A641CDC5-AA1D-4025-A27E-3D8B0421A266</ref> == Kurikulum lan Kagiyatan == * Metode Pasinaon: Adhedhasar Sentra lan Adhedhasar Proyek (*Project-Based Learning*). * Program Kelas: Nyedhiyakaké tingkat *Toddler*, *Playgroup* (PG), lan *Kindergarten* (TK). <ref>"IKAL II Kindergarten School Profile & Data, Kota Jakarta Barat, D.K.I. Jakarta - DaftarSekolah.net" https://daftarsekolah.net#google_vignette</ref> == Réferènsi == {{reflist}} [[Kategori:Pendhidhikan formal]] [[Kategori:Pendhidhikan umum]] on9yckvmrdyx2opl8ob1lnn65uic0ao Oljas Bektenov 0 200850 1756309 1756293 2026-09-11T16:29:24Z Meursault2004 3 + foto 1756309 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Olzhas Bektenov (cropped).jpg|thumb|Oljas Bektenov (2024)]] '''Oljas Abaiūly Bektenov''' ([[basa Kazakh|Kazakh]]: Олжас Абайұлы Бектенов [woɫʒɑ́s ɑbɑ́jʊɫə́ bʲektʰʲénəf]; lair 13 Dhèsèmber 1980) iku pulitikus Kazakh lan tau dadi patih Kazakhstan wiwit Fébruari 2024. == Pranala njaba == [[Kategori:Lair 1980]] [[Kategori:Wong urip]] [[Kategori:Wong Kazakhstan]] nu6n2zyizvcgv0hdeccdsmm9tq84h16 1756312 1756309 2026-09-11T18:04:26Z Meursault2004 3 sithik 1756312 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Olzhas Bektenov (cropped).jpg|thumb|Oljas Bektenov (2024)]] '''Oljas Abaiūly Bektenov''' ([[basa Kazakh|Kazakh]]: Олжас Абайұлы Бектенов [woɫʒɑ́s ɑbɑ́jʊɫə́ bʲektʰʲénəf]; lair 13 Dhèsèmber 1980) iku pulitikus Kazakh lan tau dadi patih Kazakhstan wiwit Fébruari 2024. Sadurungé dadi patih, Oljas Bektenov njabat sawatara posisi sènior. Dhèwèké njabat dadi wakil pesirah Badan Urusan Ladènan Sipil lan Anti-Korupsi wiwit taun 2018, lan banjur diangkat dadi pesirah Badan Anti-Korupsi, jabatan sing dicekel wiwit taun 2021 nganti 2023. Dhèwèké banjur njabat dadi pesirah Administrasi Présidhèn. == Pranala njaba == [[Kategori:Lair 1980]] [[Kategori:Wong urip]] [[Kategori:Wong Kazakhstan]] javd0gekj6clg78z5f3amgjrt9um2pk Panulis lagu 0 200851 1756305 2026-09-11T14:10:03Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 /* */ 1756305 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Barkas:Rodgers and Hart NYWTS.jpg|thumb|Rodgers lan Hart, sing nulis lagu bareng, nggarap lagu ing taun 1936.]] '''Panulis lagu''' yaiku wong sing nggawe komposisi musik utawa nulis lirik kanggo lagu, utawa loro-lorone. Panulis musik kanggo lagu bisa diarani [[komponis|komposer]], sanajan istilah iki cenderung digunakake utamane ing musik klasik lan [[musik]] [[film]] lan video game. Panulis lagu sing utamane nulis lirik lagu diarani minangka [[panulis lirik]]. Tekanan saka industri musik kanggo ngasilake lagu-lagu populer tegese nulis lagu komersial asring dadi proses kolaboratif kanthi tugas sing dienggo bareng antarane pirang-pirang wong.<ref name="emusician">{{cite web |url=http://emusician.com/tutorials/columns/pitching_songs_how/ |title=How to pitch your songs to industry insiders says Growden. |publisher=EMusician |date=1 Juli 2007 |access-date=11 Sèptèmber 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100724185818/http://emusician.com/tutorials/columns/pitching_songs_how/ |archive-date=24 Juli 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Umpamane, penulis lagu sing pinter nulis lirik bisa uga dipasangake karo penulis lagu liyane sing spesialis nggawe melodi asli. Umpamane, panulis lagu sing pinter nulis lirik bisa uga dipasangake karo penulis lagu liyane sing spesialis nggawe melodi asli. Lagu-lagu pop bisa digawe dening anggota grup saka band utawa dening penulis staf – penulis lagu sing langsung dipekerjake dening penerbit musik.<ref name="emusician"/> Sawetara panulis lagu dadi penerbit musik dhewe, dene liyane duwe penerbit eksternal.<ref name="emusician"/> == Cathetan suku == {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Panulis lagu| ]] to13fglbmxz6w2a3774gd39nx1hdcav Panulis lirik 0 200852 1756307 2026-09-11T14:52:43Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 Kaca anyar: '''Panulis lirik''' yaiku [[panulis]] sing nulis lirik (tembung-tembung sing diucapake), beda karo [[komponis|komposer]], sing nulis [[musik]] lagune (sing bisa uga kalebu melodi, harmoni, aransemen, lan iringan). == Royalti == Pendapatan panulis lirik asale saka royalti sing ditampa saka lagu-lagu asli. Royalti bisa wiwit saka 50% saka hasil saka lagu kasebut, yen lagu kasebut ditulis utamane karo komposer, utawa kurang yen dheweke nulis lagu kasebut kanthi kolaborasi. Lagu-la... 1756307 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Panulis lirik''' yaiku [[panulis]] sing nulis lirik (tembung-tembung sing diucapake), beda karo [[komponis|komposer]], sing nulis [[musik]] lagune (sing bisa uga kalebu melodi, harmoni, aransemen, lan iringan). == Royalti == Pendapatan panulis lirik asale saka royalti sing ditampa saka lagu-lagu asli. Royalti bisa wiwit saka 50% saka hasil saka lagu kasebut, yen lagu kasebut ditulis utamane karo komposer, utawa kurang yen dheweke nulis lagu kasebut kanthi kolaborasi. Lagu-lagu bakal otomatis dilindhungi [[hak cipta]] sanalika lagu kasebut awujud nyata, kayata rekaman utawa lembaran musik. Nanging, sadurunge lagu diterbitake utawa diumumake, pangripta utawa penerbite kudu ndhaftarke menyang Kantor Hak Cipta ing [[Library of Congress|Perpustakaan Kongres]] Amérika Sarékat kanggo nglindhungi luwih apik saka pelanggaran hak cipta.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.copyright.gov/engage/musicians/|title=Why musicians should know about copyright|work=copyright.gov|access-date=11 Sèptèmber 2026}}</ref> == Cathetan suku == {{reflist}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Panulis lirik| ]] pi2ox4w8krqrdmqloy59bcdad5n8fb2 Kategori:Panulis lirik 14 200853 1756308 2026-09-11T14:56:14Z ~2026-48142-55 74412 Kaca anyar: {{Cat main}} {{Commonscat|Lyricists}} [[Kategori:Juru nulis]] [[Kategori:Panulis lagu]] 1756308 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Cat main}} {{Commonscat|Lyricists}} [[Kategori:Juru nulis]] [[Kategori:Panulis lagu]] 6yd33ltp0op8b2bg8c8jnh82o080shy Gustavo Henrique Valente 0 200854 1756322 2026-09-12T06:56:04Z StellarMosaicWeaver 74522 Kaca anyar: {| class="infobox" style="float:right; width:22em; border:1px solid #aaa; background:#f9f9f9; font-size:90%;" |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;" | '''Gustavo Henrique Valente''' |- | '''Lair:''' || 1963<br>Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |- | '''Padunungan:''' || São Paulo, Brasil |- | '''Warga negara:''' || Brasil |- | '''Alma mater:''' || New York University (Ph.D. Keuangan)<br>University of Chicago (M.S. Keuangan)<br>Universidade d... 1756322 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="float:right; width:22em; border:1px solid #aaa; background:#f9f9f9; font-size:90%;" |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;" | '''Gustavo Henrique Valente''' |- | '''Lair:''' || 1963<br>Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |- | '''Padunungan:''' || São Paulo, Brasil |- | '''Warga negara:''' || Brasil |- | '''Alma mater:''' || New York University (Ph.D. Keuangan)<br>University of Chicago (M.S. Keuangan)<br>Universidade de São Paulo (Sarjana Ekonomi) |- | '''Pakaryan:''' || profesor keuangan, peneliti alokasi aset global, penasihat investasi kuantitatif AI |- | '''Kondhang amarga:''' || Pendiri Quantum Alpha Institute |- | '''Situs jaringan:''' || [https://www.profdrgustavohenriquevalente.com/ profdrgustavohenriquevalente.com] |} '''Gustavo Henrique Valente''' (lair 1963 ing Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil) iku profesor keuangan, peneliti alokasi aset global lan penasihat investasi kuantitatif AI saka Brasil. Dhèwèké minangka pangadeg [[Quantum Alpha Institute]].<ref name="official">{{cite web |title=Gustavo Henrique Valente – Professor of Finance & Founder Quantum Alpha Institute |url=https://www.profdrgustavohenriquevalente.com/ |access-date=2026-09-12}}</ref> == Pawiyatan lan karir == Valente pikantuk gelar Sarjana Ekonomi saka [[Universidade de São Paulo]], gelar Master Keuangan saka [[University of Chicago]], lan gelar Ph.D. Keuangan saka [[New York University]] kanthi riset ing microstructure pasar, manajemen risiko lan data frekuensi tinggi.<ref name="official" /> Dhèwèké nate makarya ing New York ing bidang makro global lan alokasi aset.<ref name="official" /> Filosofi investasine yaiku: "Investing is not about predicting the future — it is about managing uncertainty."<ref name="official" /> == Riset == Riseté fokus ing alokasi aset global, AI ing riset investasi, lan struktur pasar aset digital. Miturut artikel ''Hora Campinas'' taun 2026, dhèwèké ngembangaké kerangka alokasi global berbasis AI sing fokus ing siklus risiko.<ref name="hora">{{cite web |title=Hora Campinas 2026-07-07 – AI global allocation framework focused on risk cycles |url=https://horacampinas.com.br/ |access-date=2026-09-12}}</ref> == Karya == * ''Gestão de Risco Além dos Ciclos'' – Quantum Alpha Press, 29 Agustus 2026. EAN 9798997367756.<ref name="book">{{cite web |title=Gestão de Risco Além dos Ciclos – Bookshop.org |url=https://bookshop.org/ |access-date=2026-09-12}}</ref> == Rujukan == <references /> == Pranala njaba == * [https://www.profdrgustavohenriquevalente.com/ Situs resmi] [[Kategori:Lair 1963]] [[Kategori:Wong Brasil]] 37kifnd9otrymanv9zgjeir2qqj22y6 Pesawat tempur multiperan 0 200855 1756349 2026-09-12T08:56:56Z Presiden revanisme 70645 Kaca anyar: [[Berkas:Tornado GR4s, 617 Squadron 2006.jpg|jmpl|ka|[[Panavia Tornado]] gadhahipun [[Angkatan Udara Britania Raya]]. Panavia Tornado inggih punika satunggal conto pesawat tempur serbaguna, lan minangka pengusung asli sebutan kasebat (nama projekipun)]] '''Pesawat tempur multiperan''' utawi '''pesawat tempur serbaguna''' inggih punika [[pesawat terbang]] ingkang saged dipungunakaken minangka [[pesawat tempur]] murni utawi "pesawat pemukul", [[pesawat serang darat|serang dharat]]... 1756349 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Berkas:Tornado GR4s, 617 Squadron 2006.jpg|jmpl|ka|[[Panavia Tornado]] gadhahipun [[Angkatan Udara Britania Raya]]. Panavia Tornado inggih punika satunggal conto pesawat tempur serbaguna, lan minangka pengusung asli sebutan kasebat (nama projekipun)]] '''Pesawat tempur multiperan''' utawi '''pesawat tempur serbaguna''' inggih punika [[pesawat terbang]] ingkang saged dipungunakaken minangka [[pesawat tempur]] murni utawi "pesawat pemukul", [[pesawat serang darat|serang dharat]], [[pesawat serang antigerilya|serang antigerilya]], [[pesawat intai|intai taktis]], [[pesawat pengebom|pengebom]], [[pesawat tempur superioritas udara|superioritas udara]], utawi (wonten ing prinsipipun) [[pesawat pencegat]] ingkang kuwawi ngalami misi pemukulan, kados F-15E "Strike Eagle", lan "peran-ayun" ingkang kanthi semantik gadhah penekanan wonten ing kemampuan memainkan langkung saking satunggal peran wonten ing satunggal misi ingkang sami. Umumipun pesawat tempur modern dipunrancang minangka pesawat tempur serbaguna. Pesawat tempur jinis punika dipunrancang kanggē mengefisienkan anggaran pertahanan negara ing udara. Sanadyan mekaten, rancangan pesawat tempur jinis punika mboten nyuda kelincahan lan kegesitan pesawat sarta kemampuan radar sajjeroning mendeteksi mungsuh. Pesawat jinis punika ugi kuwawi membawa persenjataan ingkang langkung kathah lan bervariasi. Sawetara negara ngendikakaken rancangan pesawat tempur punika kanthi kemampuan minangka [[pesawat siluman]]. == Conto == [[Berkas:FA-18 Hornet VFA-41.jpg|jmpl|ka|[[F/A-18 Super Hornet]]]] [[Berkas:HAL_Tejas.jpg|jmpl|ka|[[HAL Tejas]]]] [[Berkas:JAS Gripen.jpg|jmpl|ka|[[JAS 39 Gripen]]]] [[Berkas:Typhoon f2 zj910 arp.jpg|jmpl|ka|[[Eurofighter Typhoon]]]] [[Berkas:SU-30MKI India.jpg|jmpl|[[Su-30MKI]]]] [[Berkas:F35A Prototyp AA1 2.jpg|jmpl|ka|[[F-35 Lightning II]]]] [[Berkas:Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-35_MAKS'2007_Pichugin.jpg|jmpl|ka|[[Mikoyan MiG-35]]]] Daftar ing ngandhap punika inggih punika conto pesawat tempur serbaguna lan negara papan dhepokipun dipunkembangaken: {| class="wikitable" !width=20% |Benua/Kawasan !width=20% |Negara asal !width=20% |Pesawat !width=40% |Cathetan |- ! rowspan=10 | [[Eropa]] |{{UK}} <br />{{flag|West Germany}}<br />{{ITA}} |[[Panavia Tornado]] |Pesawat punika aslinipun dipunnamaaken ''Multi-Role Combat Aircraft'' (pesawat tempur serbaguna/multiperan) lan nyertakaken tembung ''Multi-Role'' (serbaguna/multiperan) wonten ing sajjeroning namanipun. |- | {{UK}}<br />{{GER}}<br />{{ITA}}<br />{{ESP}} | [[Eurofighter Typhoon]] |Dipun-gambaraken minangka "pesawat tempur serbaguna/multiperan, udara-ke-darat, lan superioritas udara ingkang gesit sanget" dening pembuat lan penggunanipun.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.eurofighter.com/et_tp_po.asp |title=Eurofighter Typhoon adalah sistem persenjataan serbaguna/multiperan, udara-ke-darat, dan superioritas udara sangat gesit |access-date=2011-02-01 |archive-date=2009-10-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091005134418/http://www.eurofighter.com/et_tp_po.asp |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.raf.mod.uk/equipment/typhooneurofighter.cfm |title=Angkatan Udara Britania Raya: standar F2 akan diprioritastugaskan sebagai pesawat tempur superioritas udara |access-date=2011-02-01 |archive-date=2012-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120810152512/http://www.raf.mod.uk/equipment/typhooneurofighter.cfm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |- | rowspan=2 |{{FRA}} | [[Dassault Mirage 2000]] | |- | [[Dassault Rafale]] |Kerep ugi dipunsebut minangka "pesawat tempur/tempur-pengebom '''multiperan'''" dening pembuatipun. |- |{{SWE}} |[[SAAB]] [[JAS 39 Gripen]] | |- | rowspan=5 |{{RUS}} | [[Sukhoi PAK FA]] | |- | [[Sukhoi Su-35]]/[[Sukhoi Su-35BM]] | |- | [[Mikoyan MiG-29]] | |- | [[Sukhoi Su-30]] | |- |[[Mikoyan MiG-35]] | |- ! rowspan=4 | [[Amerika Lor]]&nbsp; | rowspan=3 |{{USA}}&nbsp; |[[F-4 Phantom II]] | |- | [[F-16 Fighting Falcon]] |F-16 inggih punika pesawat tempur serbaguna ingkang dipungunakaken dening kathah anggota [[NATO]] lan sekutu Amerika Serikat lintunipun. |- |[[F/A-18 Hornet]] lan [[F/A-18E/F Super Hornet]] |'A' wonten ing sajjeroning "F/A" nuduhaken gabungan peran [[pesawat serang darat|serang dharat]] saking F/A-18 ([[Pesawat tempur|'F' = ''Fighter''/Tempur]]). |- |{{USA}}<br />{{UK}}<br />{{ITA}}<br />{{NED}}<br />{{CAN}}<br />{{AUS}}<br />{{NOR}}<br />{{DEN}}<br />{{TUR}} |[[F-35 Lightning II]] | |- !rowspan=11 |[[Asia]] |{{Flag icon|Taiwan}} [[Republik Tiongkok|Republik Tiongkok (Taiwan)]]&nbsp; |[[AIDC F-CK-1 Ching-kuo]] | |- |{{PRC}}&nbsp; |[[Shenyang J-11]] | |- |{{PRC}}&nbsp; |[[Chengdu J-10]] | |- |{{PRC}}<br />{{PAK}} |[[JF-17 Thunder]] |Sadurungipun dipunmangerteni minangka Super Seven. |- |{{PRC}}&nbsp; |[[Shenyang J-8]] | |- |{{PRC}}&nbsp; |[[JH-7|Xian JH-7A]] | |- |{{PRC}}&nbsp; |[[Chengdu J-7]] | |- |{{PRC}}&nbsp; |[[Chengdu J-20]] | |- |{{PRC}}<br />{{RUS}} |[[Sukhoi Su-30MKK]] |Dipungunakaken dening [[Angkatan Udara Republik Rakyat Cina]] ('K' = ''Kitayski'', [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok|Tiongkok]]). |- |{{IND}}<br />{{RUS}} |[[Sukhoi Su-30MKI]] | |- |{{IND}} |[[HAL Tejas]] | |- |{{IND}}<br />{{RUS}} |[[Sukhoi FGFA]] | |- |{{Flag|Indonesia}} |[https://www.infoglobal.co.id PT. Infoglobal Teknologi Semesta] |[[Infoglobal I-22 Sikatan]] |2022<ref>https://www.zonajakarta.com/nasional/67310851349/i-22-sikatan-dikembangkan-bukan-buat-tni-au-tapi-infoglobal-rela-kucurkan-uang-karena-indonesia-ternyata-punya-bidikan</ref> |} == Uga Delengen == * [[Pesawat intai]] * [[Pesawat latih tempur|Pesawat latih]] * [[Pesawat pencegat]] * [[Pesawat pengebom]] * [[Pesawat serang darat]] * [[Pesawat tempur]] == Referensi == {{reflist}} {{Jenis pesawat terbang militer (peran)}} {{Authority control}} [[Kategori:Pesawat militer]] [[Kategori:Pesawat militer miturut jinis]] 8i8bpp6csh0exehx0248mqzfljhiztf Parembugan:Pesawat tempur multiperan 1 200856 1756350 2026-09-12T08:57:18Z Presiden revanisme 70645 /* Rassenaufbesserung */ pérangan anyar 1756350 wikitext text/x-wiki == Rassenaufbesserung == (202208271034 [[Naraguna:Presiden revanisme|Presiden revanisme]] ([[Parembugan Naraguna:Presiden revanisme|rembugan]]) 12 Sèptèmber 2026 08.57 (UTC) toy8eyil7rmj4quk6bz78r2899wvriw 1756351 1756350 2026-09-12T08:57:36Z Presiden revanisme 70645 /* Rassenaufbesserung */ 1756351 wikitext text/x-wiki == Raserung == (202208271034 [[Naraguna:Presiden revanisme|Presiden revanisme]] ([[Parembugan Naraguna:Presiden revanisme|rembugan]]) 12 Sèptèmber 2026 08.57 (UTC) m4jlups97om1nch5cvsbzrn5x0c3slq Chris Hemsworth 0 200857 1756353 2026-09-12T09:39:49Z Meursault2004 3 Rintisan saka [[:en:Chris Hemsworth|]] 1756353 wikitext text/x-wiki {{inuse}} '''Christopher Hemsworth''' (lair 11 Agustus 1983) iku sawijiné aktor lan prodhuser film Ostrali. [[Kategori:Lair 1983]] bh1tfh8ippqtsdgwbn5replqfesvl54