Wikipédia jvwiki https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Pendhapa MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.19 first-letter Médhia Mirunggan Parembugan Naraguna Parembugan Naraguna Wikipédia Parembugan Wikipédia Barkas Parembugan Barkas MédhiaWiki Parembugan MédhiaWiki Cithakan Parembugan Cithakan Pitulung Parembugan Pitulung Kategori Parembugan Kategori Gapura Parembugan Gapura TimedText TimedText talk Modhul Parembugan Modhul Acara Pembicaraan Acara 0 891 1756476 1744255 2026-09-15T07:57:00Z Thersetya2021 55874 ngluwesake tembung 1756476 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Paribasan''' iku [[tebung|tetembungan]] utawa [[ukara]] saèmper [[saloka]] nanging tegesé wantah, dudu [[pepindhan]]. Ana ing pratélan iki paribasan lan saloka digabung dadi siji amrih luwih prasaja lan ditata urut abjad. __NOTOC__ <hr style="width: 50%; margin: auto; background: linear-gradient(to left, rgba(0,0,0,0), rgba(189,189,189,1), rgba(0,0,0,0));"> <center> [[#A|A]] [[#B|B]] [[#C|C]] [[#D|D]] [[#E|E]] [[#G|G]] [[#H|H]] [[#I|I]] [[#J|J]] [[#K|K]] [[#L|L]] [[#M|M]] [[#N|N]] [[#O|O]] [[#P|P]] [[#Q|Q]] [[#R|R]] [[#S|S]] [[#T|T]] [[#U|U]] [[#V|V]] [[#W|W]] [[#X|X]] [[#Y|Y]] [[#Z|Z]] </center> <hr style="width: 50%; margin: auto; background: linear-gradient(to left, rgba(0,0,0,0), rgba(189,189,189,1), rgba(0,0,0,0));"> ==A== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Adhang-adhang tètèsé embun | Njagakaké barang mung trima saolèh-olèhé |- | Adigang, adigung, adiguna | Aja ngandhelaké kaluwihané dhéwé waé |- | Agama ageming aji | Agama dadi panuntun tingkah laku lan bisa ngatonaké jatining dhiri |- | [[Aja dumèh]] | Aja ngagungaké kalungguhan, kasudibyan, utawa kalungguhané |- | Aja golèk wah, mengko dadi owah | Aja mburu marang pandelenganing liyan utawa tumandang kang mung golèk pangaleman |- | [[Aji godhong garing]] | Wis ora ana ajiné babar pisan |- | [[Ajining dhiri dumunung ana ing lathi, ajining raga ana ing busana]] | Aji pamulyaning (kakurmataning) wong ana ing tutur pangucapé |- | [[Alon-alon waton kelakon]] | Aja kesusu, nanging ajeg garap apa kang dadi tanggung jawabé |- | Ambeg parama arta | Ndhisikaké tugas kawajiban kang utama |- | [[Ana catur mungkur]] | Ora gelem ngrungokaké rerasan kang ora becik |- | Ana dhaulaté ora ana begjané | Wis arep nemu kabegjan, nanging ora sida |- | [[Anak polah bapak kepradah]] | Kalakoné anak iku apa waé kang nanggung wong tuwané |- | Angon mangsa | Golèk wektu kang prayoga kanggo tumindak |- | Angon ulat ngumbar tangan | Nyawang kaanan jalaran arep nyolong utawa tindak culika |- | Asu belang kalung wang | Wong asor nanging sugih |- | Asu gedhé menang kerahé | Wong gedhé lan nduwé panguwasa menang kuwasané |- | Asu marani gepuk | Marani bebaya |- | Asu rebutan balung | Rebutan barang kang sepélé |- | Ati bengkong olèh oncong | Wong kang nduwé niyat ala olèh dalan |} ==B== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | [[Baladéwa ilang gapité]]Ī | Wong kang ilang kaluhurané |- | Banyu pinerang | Pasulayané sadulur mesthi énggal pulihé |- | Bathang lelaku | Lelungan ngliwati panggonan kang mbebayani |- | Bathok bolu isi madu | Wong asor nanging sugih kapinteran |- | [[Becik katitik, ala katara]] | Tumandang apa waé mengko bakal bisa mangertèni endi kang becik endi kang ala |- | Belo mèlu saton | Wong bisané mung mèlu-mèlu, ora ngerti kang dikarepaké |- | Bubuk olèh lèng | Wong kang duwé niyat ala olèh dalan |- | Busuk katekuk, pinter kablinger | Wong bodho lan wong pinter padha-padha nemu cilaka |} ==C== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Canthing jali | Wong kang wis ora bisa diisi manèh pikirané kanggo ngèlmu |- | Cathok gawèl | Ora diajak rembugan, nanging mèlu-mèlu ngrembug |- | Car-cor kaya kurang janganan | Ngomong ceplas-ceplos ora dipikir dhisik |- | Cecak nguntal cagak | Duwé kekarepan kang mokal bisa klakon |- | Cecak nguntal empyak | Gegayuhan kang ora timbang karo kakuwatané |- | Aja cedhak kebo gupak | Pawongan kudu bisa wicaksana anggoné kakancan |- | Cilik lombok ijo | Wong cilik lakone kaya wong gedhé |- | Cincing-cincing meksa klebus | Karepé ngirid nanging malah entèk akèh |- | Criwis cawis | Tansah mbantah préntah nanging sumadhiya nindhakaké |} ==D== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Dahwèn ati opèn | Nacad nanging arep dimelik dhéwé |- | Datan sisip salugut kolang-kaling pinara sasra | Ora ana bédané babar pisan |- | Dhemit ora ndulit, sétan ora doyan | Tansah ginanjar slamet, ora ana kang ngribedi |- | Désa mawa cara nagara mawa tata | Saben panggonan duwé cara dhéwé-dhéwé |- | Diwehi ati ngrogoh rempela | Nyuwun wis diparingi sithik, nyuwun kang akèh |- | Dom sumuruping banyu | Laku samar utawa meneng-menengan |- | Dudu sanak dudu kadang, yèn mati mèlu kelangan | Sanajan wong liya yèn ana ora kapénaké mèlu ngrasakaké |- | Didhadunga medhot, dipalangana mlumpat | Padha kethikan, kang siji api-api ora ngerti |- | Durung pecus keselak besus | Durung sembada wis kapéngin kang ora-ora |} ==E== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Éman éman ora kaduman | Karepé ngéman nanging malah ora kaduman dhéwé |- | Emban cindhé emban siladan | Siji lan sijiné ora padha pangrengkuhé (ora adil) |- | Embat-embat celarat | Nyambut gawé klawan ngati-ati banget |- | Emprit abuntut bedhug | Prakara kang sepélé dadi gedhé |- | Endhas gundhul dikepeti | Wis kapénak ditambahi luwih kapénak manèh |- | Enggon welut didoli udhet | Panggoné wong pinter dipamèri kapinteran kang ora sapiraa |- | Entèk jaraké | Wis entèk kasugihané |- | Ésuk dhelé soré témpé | Méncla-ménclé |} ==G== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Gagak nganggo laring merak | Wong cilik tumindak kaya wong gedhé |- | Gajah alingan suket teki | Lair lan batin ora padha, mesthi bakal katara |- | Gajah elar | Sarwa gedhé lan dhuwur kakarepané |- | Garang garing | Wong sumugih nanging sabeneré kakurangan |- | Gupak puluté ora mangan nangkané | Mèlu rekasa nanging ora mèlu kepénak |- | Gegedhèn empyak kurang cagak | Kagedhèn kakarepan nanging ora kuwawa nandangi |- | Golèk uceng kélangan dheleg | Kapingin olèh kang luwih aji malah kélangan apa kang wis diduwèni |} ==H== {| class="wikitable" ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Harda walépa | Tumindak kang ora patut, ditakoni malah ganti takon |- | Hasta kukila warsa | Pralambang saka wong urip nalika wis tuwa umuré |- | Hèr gung raja manah anung | Wong sugih, pangkaté dhuwur, lembah manah, lan ngurmati sapadha-padha |- | Hèru cakra | Sang raja kang dipercaya ngeculaké rakyaté saka kasangsaran |- | Holopis kuntul baris | Nindakake pagawéyan bebarengan |- | Hyang kalingga surya | Panuntun gedhé kang bisa ngayomi lan misuwur ing bebrayan |- | Hyang Sukma Adiluwih | Kabèh kang ana ing donya iki wis dadi karsané Gusti |} ==I== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Idu didilat manèh | Narik manèh ukara-ukara kang wis diujaraké |- | Idu geni | Apa kang diujaraké mesthi kedadèn |- | Ilang jaraké kari jailé | Sipat wicaksanané ilang, kari sipat alané |- | Ilang leginé kari ampasé | Wong kang wis ora bisa mènèhi paédah, dilalèkaké jasané |- | Ilang-ilangan endhog siji | Wong tuwa kang wis ora gelem ndhaku anak amarga duraka |- | Ilu-ilu kapiluyu | Wong kang senengé mung mèlu-mèlu |- | Ing ngarsa sung tuladha, ing madya mangun karsa, tut wuri andayani | Pamimpin nalika ana ing ngarep kudu bisa dadi patuladan, nalika ana ing tengah bisa nggatokaké rakyaté, lan nalika ing buri bisa mènèhi panyengkuyung |- | Ing sandhi praléna | Wong kang tumindak wewadi lan grusa-grusu saéngga gawé cilaka wong liya |- | Iwak lumebu wuwu | Wong kang gampang kapusan amarga bodho |} ==J== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Jail mringkil | Wong kang tumindak ala ora patut didadèkaké kanca |- | Jajah désa milang kori | Wong kang seneng lalungan lan nyawangi akèh papan panggonan |- | Jalma angkara mati murka | Kangèlan amarga nesuné dhéwé |- | [[Jalma limpad saprapat tamat]] | Wong kang duwé daya linuwih bisa weruh sadurungé winarah |- | [[Jamur ing mangsa katiga]] | Kaanan kang arang kadadèn |- | Jaran karubuhan empyak | Kapok banget |- | Jarit lawas ing sampiran | Duwé kalantipan nanging ora digunakaké |- | Jer basuki mawa béya | Samubarang gegayuhan mbutuhaké wragat |- | Jati katlusuban luyung | Wong-wong apik kang kalebon wong-wong ala kang banjur ngrusak |- | Jiniwit katut | Yèn sadulur sedhih mèlu ngrasa sedhih |- | Jujul wuwul | Prakara kang tambah angèl |- | Jurang growah ora mili | Wong kang mesthi mblénjani janji |} ==K== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Kacang mangsa ninggal lanjaran | Sipaté anak ora bakal béda adoh karo sipaté wong tuwané |- | Kadang konang | Ngakoni sadulur mung karo kang sugih-sugih |- | Kalah cacak menang cacak | Samubarang pagawéan luwih becik dicoba dhisik bisa lan orané |- | Kandhang langit kemul méga | Wong kang ora duwé omah |- | Katon kaya cempaka sawakul | Tansah disenengi wong akèh |- | Kaya banyu karo lenga | Wong kang ora bisa rukun |- | Kakèhan gludhug kurang udan | Akèh omongé ora ana nyatané |- | Kabanjiran sagara madu | Nemu kabegjan kang gedhé banget |- | Kebat kliwat gancang pincang | Tumindak sarwa kasusu asilé mesthi ora kabeneran |- | Kebo bulé mati sétra | Wong pinter nanging ora ana kang merlokaké |- | Kebo ilang tombok kandhang | Wis kilangan, ngetokaké wragat manèh kanggo nggolèki, malah ora katemu pisan |- | Kebo kabotan sungu | Rekasa marga kakèhan anak |- | Kebo lumumpat ing palang | Ngadili prakara ora nganggo waton |- | Kebo mulih menyang kandhangé | Wong lunga adoh bali menyang omah manèh |- | Kebo nusu gudèl | Wong tuwa jaluk wuruk wong enom |- | Kegedhèn empyak kurang cagak | Kagedhèn kakarepan nanging kurang sembada |- | Kajugrugan gunung menyan | Oleh kabegjan kang gedhé banget |- | Kakudhung welulang macan | Ngapusi nganggo jeneng wong kang diwedèni |- | Kalacak kapathak | Ora bisa mungkir, jalaran wis kabuktèn |- | Kena iwaké aja nganti butheg banyuné | Kang dikarepaké kalakon nanging aja nganti gawé rusak |- | Kencana katon wingka | Sanajan apik nanging ora disenengi |- | Kendel ngringkel | Ngaku kendel tur pinter jebu1 jirih tur bodho |- | Kenès ora èthès | Wong sugih umuk nanging bodho |- | Keplok ora tombok | Wong senengé maido, ora gelem mèlu cawé-cawé |- | Kéré munggah balé | Batur dipek bojo karo bendaran |- | [[Kéré nemoni malem]] | Wong kang bedhigasan |- | Kérot ora duwé untu | Duwé kakarepan nanging ora duwé wragat |- | Karubuhan gunung | Wong nemoni kasusahan kang gedhé banget |- | Kasandhung ing rata, kabentus ing tawang | Olèh cilaka kang ora dinyana-nyana |- | Katula-tula katali | Wong kang tansah nandhang sengsara |- | Kethèk saranggon | Kumpulan wong kang tindak ala |- | Kléyang kabur kanginan | Lunga ora karuwan jujugé |- | Klenthing wadhah masin | Angèl ninggal pakulinan tumindak ala |- | Kongsi jambul wanen | Nganti tumekan tuwa banget |- | Krokot ing galeng | Wong kang mlarat banget |- | Kriwikan dadi grojogan | Prakara kang mauné cilik dadi gedhé |- | Kumenthus ora pecus | Seneng umuk nanging ora sembada |- | Kurung munggah lumbung | Wong cilik didadèkaké wong gedhé |- | Kuthuk nggéndhong kemiri | Nganggo kang sarwa apik, liwat dalan kang mbebayani |- | Kutuk marani sunduk | Njarag marani bebaya |- | Kuncung nganti tumeka gelung | Suwé banget anggoné entèni |} ==L== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Lali karo baruté | |- | Ladhak kacocog eri | |- | Lahang karoban manis | Bagus/ayu rupané tur luhur bebudèné |- | Lambé satumang kari samerang | Dituturi bola-bali meksa ora digugu |- | Lanang kemangi | Wong lanang kang jirih |- | Legan golèk momongan | |- | Lumpuh ngideri jagad | Duwé kakarepan kang mokal katurutan |} ==M== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Maju tatu mundur ajur | Prakara kang sarwa pakéwuh |- | Matang tuna numbak luput | Tansah luput kabèh panggayuhané |- | Manuk emprit abuntut bedhug | Wong kang senéng gawé prakara alit digedhé-gedhékaké |- | Meneng widara uleran | Katon anteng nanging sajatiné ala atiné |- | Menthung koja kena sembaginé | Rumangsané ngapusi, nanging sajatiné malah kena apus |- | Merangi tatal | Mbalèni pakaryan kang wus rampung |- | [[Melok nanging aja nyolok]] | Wong urip aja nganti seneng pamèr |- | [[Mikul dhuwur, mendhem jero]] | Bisa njunjung drajaté wong tuwa |- | Mrojol selaning garu | Linuwih (pinunjul ing kawruh) lan langka kang madhani |- | [[Mulat sarira angrasa wani, rumangsa mèlu andarbèni, wajib mèlu angrukebi]] | Wani mawas dhiri, rumangsa mèlu nduwé lan njaga apa kang ana |} ==N== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Nabok nyilih tangan | Tumindak ala kanthi kongkon wong liya |- | Nawu lintang | Tumindak kang angèl dilakoni (tangèh lamun). |- | Nagara mawa tata, désa mawa cara | Sesami manungsa ingkang gesang wonten ing pundi kémawon saged ngurmati dhumateng martabat tiyang sanèsipun |- | Ngagar metu kawul | Ngojok-ojoki supaya dadi pasulayan |- | Ngemut legining gula | Bareng karasa kapénak, lali asalé |- | Nglungguhi klasa gumelar | Wong asor bisa ngalahaké wong luhur (gedhé) nganti gawé kagèt wong akèh |- | [[Nguyahi banyu sagara]] | Nglakokaké barang kang ora ana gunané |- | Ngrusak pager ayu | Ngrebut bojoné wong |- | Ngundhuh wohing pakarti | Wong bakal nampa wales apa kang ditindakaké |- | Nguthik-uthik macan dhédhé | Njarag wong kang wis lilih nepsuné |- | Nucuk ngiberaké | Wis disuguh, mulihé nyangking suguhan (brekat) |- | Nututi layangan pedhot | Ngupaya barang sepélé kang wis ilang |- | Nyangoni kawula minggat | Ndandani barang kang pijer rusak |- | Nyunggi lumpang kenthèng | Luwih becik rekasa dhisik, ing tembé mburiné bakal kapénak |} ==O== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Obor blarak | Pagawéan kang mung grengseng sadhéla waé |- | Opor bèbèk mentas awaké dhéwé | Rampung saka rekadayané dhéwé |- | Ora gonja ora unus | Wong kang ala rupané, atiné uga ala |- | Ora mambu enthong irus | Dudu sanak dudu kadang |- | Ora ana banyu mili mendhuwur | Wataké anak adaté niru wong tuwané |- | Ora ana kukus tanpa geni | Ora ana tundhon tanpa ana larahé |- | Ora tembung ora tawung | Njupuk barangé liyan tanpa kandha dhisik |- | Ora uwur ora sembur | Ora gelem cawé-cawé babar pisan |- | Othak athik gathuk | Nggothak-nggathukaké kaanan kang dumadi saéngga cocog, kamangka durung karuwan ana gayutané |- | Othak athik didudut angèl | Rembugé sajak kapénak bareng ditandangi jebulé angèl |} ==P== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Pakulinan iku kodrat kang kapindho | Yèn nglakokaké barang tartamtu ora usah dipikir manèh |- | Palang mangan tuwuhan | Wong kang diprecaya malah ngrusak |- | Pitik trondhol diumbar ing padaringan | Wong ala dipasrahi tunggu barang aji |- | Pupur sadurungé benjut | Ngati-ati mumpung durung cilaka |} ==R== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Rawé-rawé rantas malang-malang putung | Apa-apa kang ngalangi ing patujon kudu dibabad entèk |- | [[Rebut balung tanpa isi]] | Regejegan prakara kang sepélé |- | Rindhik asu digitik | Dikongkon nglakoni gawéan kang cocog karo karepé |} ==S== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Sabaya pati sabaya mukti | Rukun nganti tekaning pati |- | Sadumuk bathuk sanyari bumi | Ajining dhiri lan panggonan bakal dibéla mati-matian |- | Sandhing kebo gupak | |- | Sapa gawé nganggo | Samubarang bakal mènèhi pituwas marang kang nglakoni |- | Sapa sira sapa ingsun | Aja waton ngguroni utawa mréntah wong liya |- | Sapa kang salah bakal sèlèh | Sapa kang salah bakal konangan |- | Sadhakep awé-awé | Marèni tumindak ala nanging isih kapingin tumindak manèh |- | Sembur sembur adus siram siram bayem | Bisa kaleksanan jalaran pandungané wong akèh |- | [[Sepi ing pamrih ramé ing gawé]] | Seneng tumindak becik marang wong liya tanpa ngarep-arep piwales |- | Sing bisa rumangsa aja rumangsa bisa | |- | [[Sugih tanpa bandha, digdaya tanpa aji, nglurug tanpa bala, menang tanpa ngasoraké]] | Manungsa kang sugih ing budi |- | Sumur gólèk timbo|Sumur golèk timba | |} ==T== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | [[Téga larané ora téga patiné]] | Téga nglarani, nanging ora téga yèn nganti blai (mati) |- | Tembang rawat-rawat ujaré bakul sinamberawa | Kabar kang durung mesthi bener lan luputé |- | Timun jinara | Prakara gampang banget |- | Timun mungsuh durèn | Wong cilik mungsuh panguwasa |- | Timun wungkuk jaga imbuh | Kanggo jagan yèn ana kurangé |- | Tinggal glanggang colong playu | Kaplayu saka tanggung jawab |- | Tumbak cucukan | Wong kang seneng wadulan |- | Tumbu olèh tutup | Wong kakancan kang cocog banget |- | Tuna sathak bathi sanak | Tuna bandha nanging bathi olèh sadulur |- | [[Tunggak jarak mrajak tunggak jati mati]] | Turunané wong cilik dadi wong gedhé, turunané wong gedhé dadi wong cilik |- | Tulung menthung | Ditulungi malah ngrusuhi. |} ==U== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Ubaya saksi | Wong kang janji sumedya mènèhi kakucah marang saksi |- | Ubut saksi | Wong prekaran tanpa nampik saksi |- | Udan gemblong omahé wong, udan gaplèk omahé dhéwé | Saapik-apiké omahé wong liya isih luwih becik yèn manggon ing omahé dhéwé |- | Ulah semu | Nandukaké pratingkah kang sinamon ing pasemon praèn |- | Ujaring wong pepasaran | Kabar kang ora genah asal usulé karo parané |- | [[Ula marani gebug]] | Nemaha marang kacilakan |- | Ulangan cumbon | Angger lunga, ora suwe bali maneh |- | Ulat madhep ati arép | Apa sing dadi kekarepan utawa kapenginane wis mantep ora owah gingsir |- | Ula-ula dawa | |- | Undhaking pawarta sudaning kiriman | |- | Undhaking pawarta sudaning titipan | |- | Undha usuk | |- | Ungak-ungak pager arang | Ngisin-ngisinaké pokal gawéné |- | Unjal angempan | |- | Upaya prabéda | |- | Upaya saksi | |- | Urik klelet candhu tiké | |- | Urun rembug | |- | Urun wudhu | |- | Usung-usung lumbung | |- | Utangé nurut wulu | Wong kang utangé akèh banget |- | Utang lara nyaur lara utang pati nyaur pati | Wong kang arep mbales sakemengé |- | Utang nyaur nyilih ambalèkaké | Wong iku kudu netepi kawajibané |- | Uwot gedebog | Wong kang ngundani kasaguhané awaké dhéwé |- | Uyah kacemplung sagara | Mènèhi wong kang wis sugih |} ==W== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Wastra bedhah kayu pokah | Wong nandhang tatu, babak kulité, putung balungé (wong ketula-tula uripé) |- | Watra lungsèt ing sampiran | Wong pintèr ora diguroni, wong liya kang ala dipanuti nganti tuwa |- | Wedi rai wani silit | Waniné mung saka mburi, wedi yèn adhep-adhepan |- | Wedhus diumbar ing pakacangan | Wong mlarat dipércaya njaga barang pakarèmané |- | Welas tanpa alis | Arep tetulung (melasi) wong liya nanging malah dadi bilainé |- | Weruh ing grubyug, ora weruh ing rembug | Mèlu-mèlu tumindak nanging ora ngerti kang dikarepaké |- | Wis kebak sundukané | Wong kang akèh banget kaluputané |- | Witing tresna jalaran saka kulina | Bisa dadi tresna amarga kulina |- | Wiwit kuncung nganti gelung | Wiwit cilik nganti gedhé |- | Wong mati ninggal jeneng | Wong yen wis mati bakale ninggalake pangeling-eling sing apik utawa ala |- | Wong wadon cowèk gopèl | Drajating wong wadon kang ora pangaji |} ==Y== {| class="wikitable" ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Paribasa ! style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;" | Teges |- | Yitna yuwana léna kena | Wong kang ngati-ati bakal nemu slamet, kang sembrana bakal nemoni cilaka |- | Yiyidan mungging rampadan | Biyèné wong durjana saiki dadi wong kang alim |- | Yoga anyangga yogi | Murid nirokaké piwulangé guru |- | Yuyu rumpung mbarong rongé | Omahé magrong nanging sajatiné mlarat |} __NOTOC__ <hr style="width: 50%; margin: auto; background: linear-gradient(to left, rgba(0,0,0,0), rgba(189,189,189,1), rgba(0,0,0,0));"> <center> [[#A|A]] [[#B|B]] [[#C|C]] [[#D|D]] [[#E|E]] [[#F|F]] [[#G|G]] [[#H|H]] [[#I|I]] [[#J|J]] [[#K|K]] [[#L|L]] [[#M|M]] [[#N|N]] [[#O|O]] [[#P|P]] [[#Q|Q]] [[#R|R]] [[#S|S]] [[#T|T]] [[#U|U]] [[#V|V]] [[#W|W]] [[#X|X]] [[#Y|Y]] [[#Z|Z]] </center> <hr style="width: 50%; margin: auto; background: linear-gradient(to left, rgba(0,0,0,0), rgba(189,189,189,1), rgba(0,0,0,0));"> == Uga delengen == * [[wikt:Kategori:Tembung paribasan (bêbasan, saloka)]] [[Kategori:Sastra Jawa]] [[Kategori:Paribasan Jawa| ]] 3ujvhnkoslbqyleyq214w15mc9s7cpw 0 4430 1756478 1695904 2026-09-15T11:32:40Z Ardhaniindriii03 73868 1756478 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Flower poster 2.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Sawijining poster kanthi rolas spésies kembang kang béda-béda familiné]] [[Gambar:Kembang abang.jpg|jmpl|303x303px|Salah sawijining Jinis kembang|al=|kiri]] '''Kembang''' ('''''flos''''') ([[Basa Krama|Krama]]: '''sekar''', [[Basa Kawi|Kawi]]: '''wunga''') iku struktur [[reprodhuksi sèksual]] tetuwuhan ngembang (divisio '''[[tetuwuhan ngembang|Magnoliophyta]]''' utawa '''Angiospermae''', "tetuwuhan wiji katutup"). Ing kembang ana organ reprodhuksi ([[benang sari]] lan [[putik]]). Kembang sadina-dina uga dianggo nyebut struktur kang kanthi [[botani]] diarani '''kembang majemuk''' utawa ''inflorescence''. Kembang majemuk iku kumpulan kembang-kembang kang ngumpul ing sakroncèn. Ing kontèks iki, ékan kembang kang nyusun kembang majemuk diarani ''floret''. == Mupangat kembang == Kembang fungsi mligi ngasilaké [[wiji]]. [[Penyerbukan]] lan [[pembuahan]] dumadi ing kembang. Sawisé pembuahan, kembang bakal dadi [[woh]]. Woh iku struktur kang nggawa wiji. Fungsi biologi kembang yaiku minangka wadhah manunggalé [[gamet]] lanang (mikrospora) lan [[wadon]] (makrospora) kanggo ngasilaké wiji. Prosès diwiwiti kanthi panyerbukan, banjur pambuahan, lan diterusaké karo pambentukan wiji. Sapérangan kembang duwé warna kang ngejrèng kang duwé fungsi minangka panarik kéwan pambiyantu panyerbukan. Sapérangan kembang liyané ngasilaké panas utawa aroma kang khas, uga kanggo narik kéwan kanggo ngrewangi panyerbukan. Manungsa kawit biyèn seneng karo kembang, mligi kang manéka warna. Kembang dadi salah sawijiné panentu pangaji siji tetuwuhan minangka [[tetuwuhan hias]]. == Morfologi kembang == [[Gambar:Mature flower numbered.svg|thumb|right|300px|Pérangan-pérangan kembang sampurna. 1. kembang sampurna, 2. ndhas [[putik]] (''stigma''), 3. gagang putik (''stilus''), 4. gagang sari (''filament'', péranganing benang sari), 5. sumbu kembang (axis), 6. artikulasi, 7. gagang kembang (''pedicel''), 8.kelenjar [[nektar]], 9. [[Benang sari]] (''stamen''), 10. [[Bakal woh]] (''ovum''), 11. [[Bakal wiji]] (''ovulum''), 12., 13. [[serbuk sari]] (''pollen''), 14. ndhas sari (''anther''), 15. rerenggan kembang (periantheum), 16. makutha kembang (''corolla''), 17. kelopak|kèlopak kembang (calyx)]] Kembang iku [[batang]] lan [[godhong]] kang kamodhifikasi. Modhifikasi iki disebabaké déning pangasilan siji [[enzim]] kang dirangsang déning sapérangan [[fitohormon]] tinentu. Pambentukan kembang dikendhalèkaké kanthi [[genetika|genetik]] lan ing akèh jinis diindhuksi déning owah-owahan lingkungan tinentu, kaya ta [[vernalisasi|suhu asor]], [[fotoperiodisme|suwéné kena cahya]], lan sumadiyané [[banyu]] (deleng artikel [[Pambentukan kembang]]). Kembang mèh mesthi duwé wujud simètris, kang asring bisa digunakaké minangka panyiri siji takson. Ana loro wujud kembang dhedhasar [[simetri]] dhapuré: '''aktinomorf''' ("duwé wujud lintang", simètri radhial) lan '''zigomorf''' (simètri kaca pengilon). Wujud aktinomorf luwih akèh ditemoni. == Pratélan jinising Kembang == * [[Anggrèk|Kembang Anggrek]] * [[Kembang Arumdalu]] * [[Kembang Bakung]] * [[Kembang Flamboyan]] * [[Kembang Kana]] * [[Kembang Kecubung]] * [[Kembang Kemboja]] * [[Kembang Kertas]] * [[Kembang Mawar]] * [[Kembang Matahari]] * [[Kembang Mlathi]] * [[Kembang Nusa Indah]] * [[Puring|Kembang Puring]] * [[Kembang Sedep Malem]] * [[Kembang Sepatu]] * [[Kembang Sruni]] * [[Kembang Tembelek]] * [[Kembang Thelekan]] * [[Kembang Trompet]] * [[Kembang Tulip]] * [[Kembang Wijayakusuma]] {{Commons|Flower}} [[Kategori:Tetuwuhan]] [[Kategori:Kembang| ]] {{stub}} 3zfg5n1vnf38marzjy6tldv17ar0xfb 0 23088 1756467 1751703 2026-09-14T22:22:15Z InternetArchiveBot 48188 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 1756467 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Gambar:Defoliation agent spraying.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Vietnam]]. Misi Pamusnahan Tetuwuhan. Sawijining hèlikopter UH-1D saka Kompi Panerbang nomer 336 nyemprotaké agen defoliasi (pangrontok godhong-godhongan) ing sandhuwuré alas gedhé ing Delta [[Mekong]], [[26 Juli]] [[1969]]]] '''Agen Oranye''' lan "'''Super Oranye'''" iku jejuluk kang diwènèhaké kanggo [[herbisida]] lan [[defolian]] kang digunakaké déning [[Militer Amérikah Sarékat]] ing [[peperangan herbisida]] (''herbicidal warfare'') suwéné [[Perang Vietnam]]. Ing peperangan herbisida mau, sapérangan herbisida kalebu Agen Oranye digunakaké kanthi maksud kanggo ngancuraké prodhuksi bahan pangan lan wiwitan kang didadèaké minangka papan pandhelikan mungsuh. Agen Oranye digunakaké saka taun 1961 tekan taun 1971, lan ing antarané kabèh kang ingaran " [[herbisida kluwung]]" kang paling mbebayani, kang digunakaké ing program iki. Degradasi Agen Oranye (éwadéné [[Agen Ungu]], [[Agen Jambon|Jambon]], lan [[Agen Ijo|Ijo]]) nglepasaké [[dioxin]], kang didakwa wus mbebayani marang kaséhatan wong kang kapaparaké ing mangsa Perang Vietnam. Agen [[Agen Biru|Biru]] lan [[Agen Putih|Putih]] iku péranganing program kang padha nanging ora ngandhut dioxin. Studi ngenani penduduk kang kapapar dioxin, éwadéné ora kudu Agen Oranye, nunjukaké ningkaté résiko manéka warna jinis kanker lan cacat genetis. Dampak paparan ing tingkat cendhèk kanggo jangka wektu kang suwé durung bisa dipesthèaké. Wiwit 1980-an, sapérangan tuntutan ukum wus diajokaké marang perusahaan-perusahaan kang mprodhuksi Agen Oranye, ing antarané ya iku [[Dow Chemical Company|Dow Chemical]], [[Monsanto]] lan [[Diamond Shamrock]] (ngasilaké mung 5% <ref>[http://www.answers.com Answers.com]-[http://www.answers.com/topic/ultramar-diamond-shamrock-corporation Ultramar Diamond Shamrock Corporation]. Diaksès nalika [[19 April]] [[2007]]</ref>). Para vèteran AS olèh ganti rugi AS$180 yuta taun 1984, lan para vèteran kang gedhé dhéwé kena akibaté nampa ganti rugi sapisan ya iku AS $1.200. Para vèteran Amérika saka perang ing Vietnam ngupaya olèh pangakuan ngenani Agen Oranye, kompensasi lan perawatan kanggo penderitaan kang dialami para veteran lan anak-anaké amarga Agen iki; akèh véteran Vietnam kang kapapar Agen Oranye ora kasil olèh perawatan medhis kang wus dijanjèaké liwat sistem medhis Dhépartemèn Urusan Vèteran lan mung ing kasus-kasus kang istiméwa anak-anaké kang kena prabawa kasil olèh bantuan keséhatan saka pamaréntah. Para vèteran Vietnam lan kulawargané kang sepisanan ngajokaké tuntutan dhateng Agen Oranye iki nelaaké 25 taun kapungkur yèn pamaréntah "mung nunggu awake dhéwé kabèh mati". Para veteran nutuh yèn sapérangan gedhé veteran kang isih urip bakal mati amarga akibat-akibat paparan racun iki suwéné pérangan taun ngarep, sadurungé umur 65 taun. Ing papan-papan liya, para vèteran [[Australia]], [[Kanada]] lan [[Niu Sélan]] olèh ganti rugi kanggo panylesaian sakjaban pangadilan ing taun kang padha. Taun 1999, para vèteran [[Koréa Kidul]] ngajokaké tuntutan ukum ing Koréa; ing wulan Januari 2006, Pangadilan Bandhing Koréa mréntahaké Monsanto lan Dow mbayar ganti rugi AS$62 yuta. Nanging, ora ana siji-sijiya wong Vietnam kang kasil olèh kompénsasi. Tanggal [[10 Maret]] [[2005]] [[Hakim]] [[Jack Weinstein]] saka [[Pangadilan Federal]] [[Brooklyn]] nolak tuntutan kang diajokaké déning wong-wong Vietnam kurban Agen Oranye marang perusahaan-perusahaan kimia kang mrodhuksi defolian/herbisida iki. == Dhéskripsi == Agen Oranye, olèh jeneng saka tong-tong kanthi garis-garis oranye kang ukurané 55 galon AS, papan pangirimané, kira-kira ya iku campuran 1:1 saka loro [[herbisida fenoksi]] ing wangun [[ester]], [[2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid]] (2,4-D) lan [[2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid]] (2,4,5-T). Loro herbisida iki dikembangaké taun 1940-an déning tim-tim independen ing [[Inggris]] lan [[Amérikah Sarékat]] kanggo ngendhalèni tetuwuhan kang godhongé amba. Agen-agen fenoksi iki makarya kanthi niru [[hormon tetuwuhan]] tetuwuhan, [[indoleacetic acid]] (IAA). Yèn disemprotaké ing tetuwuhan kang godhongé amba, bakal ngrangsang tuwuh kanthi rikat lan ora bisa dikendhalèaké lan pungkasané ngrontokaké godhong-godhongé. Yèn disemprotaké ing tetuwuhan kaya [[gandum]] utawa [[jagung]], bakal kanthi selektif matèni mung tetuwuhan kang godhongé amba ing ladang – ilalang – lan tetuwuhan liyané relatif ora kena prabawa. Herbisida iki sepisanan diwanuhaké taun 1946 lan dipigunaaké kanthi wiyar ing [[tetanèn]] ing pertengahan 1950-an lan sepisanan diwanuhaké ing ladang-ladang tetanèn ing [[Aguadilla]], [[Puerto Rico]]. Nalika Agen Oranye didol marang pamaréntah AS kanggo digunakaké ing Vietnam, memo-memo intern pabrik-pabriké ndungkap yèn wus dingertèni manawa dioxin, [[tetrachlorodibenzodioxin|2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin]] (TCDD), diprodhuksi minangka prodhuk sampingan saka panggawéan 2,4,5-T, saéngga ana ing herbisida ngendi waé kang nggunakaké. '''Program Toksikologi Nasional''' wus nggolongaké TCDD minangka dat karsinogen (jalaran kanker) kanggo manungsa, kang asring digayutaké kaliyan [[sarkoma jaringan empuk]], [[limfoma non-Hodgkin]], [[lelara Hodgkin]] lan [[leukemia limfositis kronis]] (LLK). Wiwit wektu iku 2,4,5-T wus dilarang dipigunaaké ing AS utawa ing akèh nagara liyané. Éwadéné herbisida 2,4-D ora ngandhut dioxin, dhampaké marang kaséhatan lan lingkungan urip durung kanthi tuntas disinaoni, lan tetep wujud salah sawijining jinis herbisida kang paling wiyar dipigunaaké ing donya saiki. Lelara-lelara kang dikaitké karo paparan dioxin – ora kudu karo Agen Oranye, iku sejinis jerawat kang ingaran [[chloracne]], sarkoma jaringan lembut, [[limfoma Hodgkin]], lan [[limfoma non-Hodgkin]]. Uga wus tinemu kaitané karo diabetes, miturut sawijining panlitèn déning [[Institut kadhokteran]].<ref>[http://www.iom.edu Institute of Medicine]-''[http://www.iom.edu/CMS/3793/4689/4695.aspx Veterans and Agent Orange: Herbicide/Dioxin Exposure and Type 2 Diabetes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001224724/http://www.iom.edu/CMS/3793/4689/4695.aspx |date=2009-10-01 }}''. Diakses tanggal [[19 April]] [[2007]].</ref> Lelara-lelara kanthi bukti-bukti winates ngenani gayutané kaliyan Agen Oranye iku kanker saluran napas, [[kanker prostat]], [[myeloma ganda]], [[Porphyria cutanea tarda]] (sejinis lelara kulit), acute lan subacute transient [[peripheral neuropathy]], [[spina bifida]], [[Diabetes mellitus jinis 2|diabetes jinis 2]], lan [[leukemia myelogenous akut]] kang mung ana ing génerasi kapindho utawa katelu. Lelara-lelara kanthi bukti-bukti kang winates utawa bukti-bukti kang ora nyukupi ing sawijining assosiasi ya iku kanker ati, gronggongan irung utawa [[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma|kanker nasopharyngeal]], kanker balung, kanker piranti réproduksi wanita, [[kanker ginjel]], [[kanker testis]], [[leukemia]], aborsi spontan, [[cacat kalairan]], kamatian neonatal utawa bayi lan [[stillbirth]]s, bobot awak asor nalika lair, kanker ing mangsa bocah, parameter sperma kang abnormal, gangguan neuro-psikiatris kognitif, [[ataxia]], gangguan sistem saraf periferi, gangguan peredaran, gangguan ambegan, kanker kulit, kanker saluran uyuh lan kandhung uyuh. Lelara-lelara kanthi bukti-bukti winates utawa sugestif ngenani ora anané gayutané ya iku tumor jaringan weteng kaya kanker weteng, kanker pankreas, [[kanker usus]], kanker anus, lan [[tumor utek]].<ref name="msnbc">[http://www.msnbc.com MSNBC]-"[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/14721554/ Agent Orange study ends, no cancer link found]" olèh [[Associated Press]]. Asliné diterbitaké tanggal [[7 September]] [[2006]]. Diakses tanggal [[19 April]] [[2007]].</ref> == Panggunaan sanjabanning Vietnam == Ing wulan September 2000, Perhimpunan Véteran Amérikah Sarékat ngakoni yèn Agen Oranye dipigunaaké ing Koréa ing pungkasaning taun 1960-an. [http://www1.va.gov/AgenOranye/docs/AOIB10-49JUL03.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118035249/http://www1.va.gov/AgenOranye/docs/AOIB10-49JUL03.pdf |date=2012-01-18 }} Wadya Républik Koréa dilapuraké wus nyemprotaké, lan prakara iki dumadi ing sadawané garis bébas militèr (DMZ) kaliyan [[Koréa Lor]]. Dhépartemèn Urusan Véteran uga wus ngakoni yèn Agen Oranye dipigunaaké ing njero nagara déning wadyabala-wadyabala AS, uga ing Kanada ing wektu kang padha [http://www1.va.gov/AgenOranye/docs/Report_on_DoD_Herbisidas_Outside_of_Vietnam.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118034926/http://www1.va.gov/AgenOranye/docs/Report_on_DoD_Herbisidas_Outside_of_Vietnam.pdf |date=2012-01-18 }}. == Dhampak program == === Komisi Agen Oranye New Jersey === Taun 1980, [[New Jersey]] maujud Komisi Agen Oranye New Jersey, komisi praja sepisanan kang diwangun kanggé nyinaoni dhampaké. Proyèk panlitèn Komisi iki kang kakait kaliyan Universitas Rutgers ingaran "The Pointman Project". Komisi iki dibubaraké déning Gubernur [[Christine Todd Whitman]] taun 1996. New York Times, [[3 Juli]] [[1996]]. Ing mangsa Pointman I, para panliti Komisi iki nyiptaaké cara-cara kanggo nemtokaké tingkat dioxin kang asor ing getih. Sadurungé, tingat dioxin kang asor banget mung bisa tinemu ing [[Jaringan adipose|jaringan adipose (lemak)]]. Proyèk iki mbandhingaké tingkat dioxin ing saklompok cilik véteran Vietnam kang wus kapapar Agen Oranye kaliyan saklompok véteran liyané kang sebandhing kang ora naté tugas ing Vietnam. Asil proyèk iki diterbiaté ing Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) taun 1988. (Vol. 259 No. 11, [[18 Maret]] [[1988]]). Tahap kapindho saka proyèk iki terus nliti lan mbandhingaké tingkat dioxin ing sapérangan golongan véteran Vietnam kalebu angkatan dharat, marinir, lan personil wadya lautan kapal kali. Saliyané iku, Komisi iki siji-sijiné badan kang nliti tingkat kaya mangkono kanggo kaum pawèstri kang tugas ing Vietnam. == Tuntutan ukum == Taun 1984, pabrik-pabrik Agen Oranye mbayar marang sapérangan veteran Australia, Kanada lan Niu Selan ing sawijining pangrampungan ganti rugi sanjaban pangadilan.<ref name=mercurynews>{{cite news | title=Koréa orders Agen Oranye payments | date=26 Januari 2006 | publisher=Mercury News | url=http://www.mercurynews.com/mld/mercurynews/news/world/13714640.htm }}{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> === Tuntutan ukum aksi kelas warga Vietnam kurban AS === Tanggal [[31 Januari]] [[2004]], sawijining golongan pambela [[hak asasi manungsa]] para kurban Agen Oranye, Perhimpunan Vietnam kanggo Para Kurban Agen Oranye/Dioxin (VAVA), ngajokaké tuntutan ukum ing sawijining [[Pangadilan Distrik]] Federal AS ing [[Brooklyn, New York]], marang sapérangan perusahaan AS, amarga njalari kacintrakan pribadi, kanthi ngembangaké lan mrodhuksi bahan kimia iku. [[Dow Chemical]] lan [[Monsanto]] iku loro prodhusén gedhé dhéwé Agen Oranye kanggo militèr AS, lan ingaran ing tuntutan iki bebarengan kaliyan puluhan perusahaan liyané (Diamond Shamrock, Uniroyal, Thompson Chemicals, Hercules, lsp.). Sapérangan tuntutan ukum déning [[militèr Amérikah Sarékat|wadya Amérika]] dirampungaké sanjaban pangadilan – tanpa pangakuan luput déning pihak perusahaan-perusahaan kimia iku – ing taun-taun sawisé Perang Vietnam. Taun 1984, sapérangan perusahaan kimia kang mprodhuksi Agen Oranye mbayar AS$180 yuta dana kanggo para veteran Amérikah Sarékat sawisé sawijining tuntutan ukum. Tanggal [[10 Maret]] [[2005]], [[hakim]] pangadilan distrik, Jack Weinstein – kang naté mbela para veteran AS kurban Agen Oranye –nolak tuntutan iku, lan nelakaké yèn para panuntut ora duwé dhasar ukum kanggo klaim-klaimé. Hakim nyimpulaké yèn Agen Oranye ora dianggep racun ing sangisoré [[undang-undang internasional]] nalika dat iku dipigunaaké déning AS; lan yèn AS ora dilarang migunakaké minangka herbisida; sarta perusahaan-perusahaan kang mrodhuksi dat iku ora bisa dikenani tuntutan kanggo métodhe panggunaané déning pamaréntah. [[Pamaréntah]] AS ora dadi péranganing tuntutan iku, amarga klaimé marang [[kakebalan amarga kadhaulatan]] é. Tanggal [[30 September]] [[2005]], wong-wong Vietnam para kurban Agen Oranye ngajokaké bandhing marang Pangadilan Bandhing Sirkuit Kaloro. Diprayogakaké yèn Pangadilan Bandhing iki bakal mbukak sawijining argumen lésan ngenani bab iki ing Usum Gugur 2006. Ing wektu iku, bandhing bakal dipusataké ing tekan ngendi kasus iki bisa diuripaké manèh lan bakal diajokaké menyang pangadilan. Kanggo nulung wong-wong kang kena dhampak Agen Oranye/Dioxin, pamaréntah Vietnam wus maujud "Désa perdamaian", kang saben désa nampung antarané 50 tekan 100 kurban, mènèhi wong-wong mau bantuan medhis lan psikologis. Taun 2006, ana 11 désa perdamaian kaya mangkono iku, kang mènèhi pangreksan sosial marang ora nganti 1000 wong kurbané. Para veteran AS saka perang ing Vietnam, LSM lan pribadi-pribadi kang sadhar lan duwé simpati kaliyan dhampak Agen Oranye uga wus njurung program-program iki ing Vietnam. Sawijining golongan internasional Veteran saka AS lan sekuthu-sekuthuné suwéné Perang Vietnam makarya bebarengan kaliyan tilas mungsuh-mungsuhé – para veteran saka Perhimpunan Veteran Vietnam – ngedegaké Désa Persahabatan Vietnam [http://www.vietnamfriendship.org] kang papané sanjaban Hanoi. Pusat iki mènèhi perawatan medhis, réhabilitasi, lan pelatihan karya kanggo anak-anak lan para veteran saka Vietnam kang kena prabawa Agen Oranye. Dhépartemèn Urusan Veteran AS wus ndaftaraké kanker prostat, kanker saluran ambegan, myeloma dhobel, diabetes jinis II, lelara Hodgkin, limfoma non-Hodgkin, sarkoma jaringan lembut, chloracne, porphyria cutanea tarda, neuropati periferal, lan [[spina bifida]] ing kalangan anak-anak para veteran kang kapapar déning Agen Oranye minangka dampak saka herbisida iku. === Tuntutan ukum ing Koréa Kidul === Ing taun 1999, sakiwa-tengené 20.000 wong [[Koréa Kidul]] ngajokaké loro tuntutan ukum kang kapisah marang perusahaan-perusahaan AS, kanthi ganti rugi gedhéné punjul $5 milyar. Sawisé kalah ing kaputusan ing taun 2002, wong-wong mau ngajokaké [[bandhing]]. Ing wulan Januari 2006, Pangadilan Bandhing Koréa Kidul mréntahaké Dow Chemical lan Monsanto mbayar $62 yuta minangka ganti rugi marang sakiwa-tengené 6.800 wong. Kaputusan iku ngakoni yèn "pihak kang dilapuraké gagal mesthèkaké kaamanan dat defolian kang diprodhuksi amarga nduwé tingkat dioxin kang luwih dhuwur tinimbang kang baku," lan, sambi ngutip lapuran Akademi Èlmu Pangetauan Nasional AS, nelakaké yèn ana "gegandhéngan sebab-akibat" antarané Agen Oranye lan 11 lelara, kalebu kanker paru-paru, tenggorokan lan prostat. Nanging sanajan mangkono, para hakim gagal ngakoni "gegandhéngan antarané dat kimia iku kaliyan [[peripheral neuropathy]], lelara kang paling wiyar tinemu ing antarané para kurban Agen Oranye" miturut ''[[Mercury News]]''. Wadya Koréa Kidul iku kontingen asing gedhé dhéwé saka sekuthu AS ing Vietnam, kanthi nyumbang sakiwa-tengené 320.000 wadyabala. Koréa Kidul kélangan 5.077 wadya sauntara 10.962 lara tatu-tatu, mangkono ''Mercury News''<ref name=mercurynews/>. == Anéka rupa == * Perusahaan [[Union Carbide]] mrodhuksi bahan-bahan kanggo Agen Oranye ing [[Homebush Bay]] ing [[Sydney]], [[Australia]] papan [[Olimpiade Musim Panas 2000|Olimpiade Sydney 2000]] diadani.[http://www.abc.net.au/rn/science/earth/stories/s160995.htm] * Pabrik Uniroyal ing [[Elmira, Ontario|Elmira]], [[Ontario]] iku siji saka pitung pamasok kang mrodhuksi Agen Oranye kanggo panggunaan militèr AS ing Vietnam. * Sawijining komisi internasional<ref>{{cite news |url = http://www.thanhniennews.com/politics/?catid=1&newsid=5476 |title = Int'l committee for Agent Orange victims launched |author = Tuoi Tre |date = 2005-03-10 |work = Thanh Nien |publisher = Vietnam National Youth Federation |accessdate = 2006-06-13 |archive-date = 2022-05-29 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220529123839/http://www.thanhniennews.com/politics/?catid=1&newsid=5476 |url-status = dead }}</ref> kanggo njurung warga Vietnam para kurban Agen Oranye, wus nerbitaké sawijining lapuran ngenani dhampak Agen Oranye ing Vietnam.<ref>{{cite paper |author= Bouny, André |date= 2005-08-08 |url= http://www.monde-solidaire.org/spip/article.php3?id_article=2295 |title= Epandage de l’Agent Orange par l’US Army au Viêt Nam et ses conséquences (in French) |publisher= Comité International de Soutien aux victimes vietnamiennes de l’Agent Orange et au procès de New York |accessdate= 2006-06-13 |archive-date= 2006-05-27 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060527034732/http://www.monde-solidaire.org/spip/article.php3?id_article=2295 |url-status= dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite paper |author= Bouny, André |date= 2006-04-12 |url= http://www.stopusa.be/scripts/texte.php?section=CL&langue=3&id=24471 |title= Spraying of Agent Orange by US Army in Vietnam and its consequences |publisher= Stop United States of Aggression (Stop. USA) |accessdate= 2006-06-13 |archive-date= 2007-02-11 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070211232140/http://www.stopusa.be/scripts/texte.php?section=CL&langue=3&id=24471 |url-status= dead }}</ref> * Sawijining perusahaan Kanada kang nylidhiki kontaminasi Agen Oranye atas namané pamaréntah Vietnam wus ndungkap 'rasa kagété' yèn ing wewengkon-wewengkon tartamtu Vietnam, kontaminasi dioxin iku ping 300 nganti ping 400 luwih dhuwur tinimbang tingkat baku kang ditampa.<ref>{{cite news |url = http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2007/04/30/Agen-Oranye.html |title = Researchers 'shocked' at Agent Orange contamination in Vietnam |author = CBC News |date = 2007-04-30 |accessdate = 2007-04-30}}</ref> *Lagu band [[R.E.M (band)|R.E.M.]] "Orange Crush" sabeneré iku ngenani Agen Oranye. *Sawijining lagu instrumental [[Depeche Mode]] diwènèhi sesirah "Agent Orange" kanggo herbisida mau. *Ing filem sepisanan Rambo, ''First Blood'', Delmar Barry mati déning kanker amarga kapapar déning Agen Oranye. *Band Punk Rock Orange County [[Agent Orange (band)|Agent Orange]] njupuk jenengé saka dat iki. == Wacan terusan == * Weisman, Joan Murray. ''The Effects of Exposure to Agent Orange on the Intellectual Functioning, Academic Achievement, Visual Motor Skill, and Activity Level of the Offspring of Vietnam War Veterans.'' Tesis doctoral. Hofstra University. 1986. * Klein, Robert. ''Wounded Men, Broken Promises.'' New York: Macmillan Publishing, 1981. * Uhl, Michael, dan Tod Ensign. ''GI Guinea Pigs.'' Edisi kaping 1. New York: Playboy Press, 1981. * Linedecker, Clifford, Michael Ryan, dan Maureen Ryan. ''Kerry: Agen Oranye dan an American Family.'' New York: St. Martins Press, 1982. * Wilcox, Fred A. ''Waiting for an Army to Die.'' Edisi angka 1. New York: Random House, 1983. == Rujukan == {{reflist}} == Pirsanana uga == * [[Teratogen]] * [[Dow Chemical]] * [[Monsanto]] * [[Perang Vietnam]] * [[Uranium Depleted]] * [[Thalidomida]] * [[Herbisida]] == Pranala njaba == *[http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1983/Jul-Aug/buckingham.html Operation Ranch Hand: Herbicides In Southeast Asia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130222170309/http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1983/Jul-Aug/buckingham.html |date=2013-02-22 }} Sajarah Operasi Ranch Hand * [http://withfriendship.com/user/tuyen/Agent-Orange.php Gambar-gambar ngenani akibat Agen Oranye] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226200329/http://withfriendship.com/user/tuyen/agent-orange.php |date=2008-02-26 }} * [http://www.brooks.af.mil/AFRL/HED/hedb/afhs.html Air Force Health Study] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061212035702/http://www.brooks.af.mil/AFRL/HED/hedb/afhs.html |date=2006-12-12 }} Studi ngenani para vèteran Operasi Ranch Hand * [http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11242.html Veteran lan Agen Oranye: Pamutakhiran 2004] Analisis riset ngenani dioxin déning Institut Kadhokteran * [http://www.niehs.nih.gov/oc/factsheets/dioxin.htm Fakta ngenani dioxin NIEHS] * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4336941.stm Kasus hukum Agen Oranye legal ditolak] – lapuran ngenani kaputusan Pengadilan Federal AS bab ruling tuntutan saka wadya Vietnam. * [http://www.vietnam-dioxine.org/index.php?piIdLangue=2 www.vietnam-dioxin.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070505181406/http://www.vietnam-dioxine.org/index.php?piIdLangue=2 |date=2007-05-05 }}, situs informasi bab konsekuensi Agen Oranye lan dioxin ing Vietnam, Kamboja lan Laos. * http://www.ffrd.org/AgenOranye.htm{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Informasi ngenani dampak jangka panjang marang kaséhatan lan lingkungan urip saka Agen Oranye ing Asia Kidul-Wétan lan AS. Dhokumen-dhokumen pangadilan saka tuntutan Vietnam uga tinemu ing situs iki. * [http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/en/exe-sum-final.pdf Pertimbangan résiko kaséhatan saka dioxin 1998] déning [[World Health Organization|WHO]] lan [[International Programme on Chemical Safety|IPCS]] (pdf). * [http://www.Hijaufacts.org/dioxins/index.htm Ringkesan laporan sadurungé]{{Pranala mati|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} déning [[GreenFacts]]. * [http://snopes.com/photos/medical/Oranye.asp Snopes.com's]{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} artikel ngenani gambar-gambar Agen Oranye. * [http://www.vn-AgenOranye.org/ Vietnam Agent Orange Relief & Responsibility Campaign]{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Kampanye njurung wong-wong Vietnam saka kurban Agen Oranye * [http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2004-02/05/content_303315.htm Children and the Vietnam War 30-40 years after the use of Agent Orange], artikel kanthi gambar-gambar (pèngetan: ora disensor, mungel mengejutkan) * [http://www.danangquangnamfund.org danangquangnamfund.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200214114916/http://www.danangquangnamfund.org/ |date=2020-02-14 }} Èwonan layang lan foto kang dikirim déning kulawarga para kurban Agen Oranye ing saindhenging Vietnam * [http://www.vanityfair.com/commentary/content/printables/060731roco03?print=true The Vietnam Syndrome]{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Artikel olèh Christopher Hitchens dalam Vanity Fair, August 2006. * [http://www.unregisterednews.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=32&Itemid=46print=true Picking up the Pieces] Artikel kanthi pertanggungjawaban mutakhir Amérika bab dampak biologis saka Agen Oranye * [http://www.pulitzercenter.org/showproject.cfm?id=31 Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070612135950/http://www.pulitzercenter.org/showproject.cfm?id=31 |date=2007-06-12 }} Vietnam: War's Lasting Legacy. Laporan video saka lapangan ngenani dampak Agen Oranye kang isih ana. {{DEFAULTSORT:Agen Oranye}} [[Kategori:Peralatan militèr Perang Vietnam]] [[Kategori:Herbisida]] [[Kategori:Perang kimiawi]] [[Kategori:Teratogen]] [[Kategori:Defolian]] [[Kategori:Pelanggaran hak asasi manungsa]] pd0lz3d1dvp4xzxc06xlts7nfurac1a 0 41997 1756464 1756274 2026-09-14T12:41:54Z ~2026-49866-03 74558 /* Giyaran */ 1756464 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Italic title}} {{Infobox anthem |title = Indonesia Raya |javanese_title = Indonésia Agung |alt_title = Indonesia Raja → <small>(éjaan lawas)</small> |jv_alt_title = Indonésia Agung |image = |image_size = |caption = |prefix = nasional |country = {{IDN}} |author = [[Wage Rudolf Supratman]] |lyrics_date = 1924 |composer = Wage Rudolf Supratman |music_date = 1924 |first_perform = 28 Oktober 1928 |adopted = 17 Agustus 1945 (asli)<br>17 Agustus 1950 (resmi) |sound = Indonesia Raya Harmoni.ogg |sound_title = '"Indonesia Raya"' ---- ^{(Pratipadana simfonik déning Jozef Cleber)} }} [[Gambar:Indonesia Raya 1945.ogv|right|thumb|280px|Rekaman asli saka taun 1945]] Lagu '''''Indonesia Raya''''' (cinipta taun 1924) sepisanan dimainaké sajeroning Konggrès Pemuda tanggal [[28 Oktober]] [[1928]]. Sawisé [[Proklamasi Kamardikan Indonésia]] tanggal [[17 Agustus]] [[1945]], lagu anggitané [[Soepratman|Wage Rudolf Soepratman]] iki didadèkaké [[lagu kabangsan]]. == Sampel Audio == [[Barkas:Indonesia Raya instrumental.ogg|jmpl|US Navy Band]] [[Barkas:Indonesia Raya Satu Suara 1 Bait.ogg|jmpl|Paling asring ditembangaké ing sekolah]] [[Barkas:Indonesia Raya Satu Suara 3 Bait.ogg|jmpl|[[Akapela|Acappela]], 3 Bait]] [[Barkas:Indonesia Raya Simfoni 1 Bait.ogg|jmpl|Paling asring ditampilaké neng télévisi]] [[Barkas:Indonesia Raya Simfoni 3 Bait.ogg|jmpl|3 Bait, simfoni]] [[Barkas:Indonesia Raja by Orkes Cosmopolitan.ogg|jmpl|Indonesia Raja pra abad 21]] <!-- == Sejarah == Ketika mempublikasikan Indonesia Raya tahun [[1928]], Wage Rudolf Soepratman dengan jelas menuliskan "lagu kebangsaan" di bawah judul Indonesia Raya. Teks lagu Indonesia Raya dipublikasikan pertama kali oleh suratkabar [[Sin Po]]. Setelah dikumandangkan tahun 1928, pamaréntah kolonial [[Hindia Walanda]] segera melarang penyebutan lagu kebangsaan bagi Indonesia Raya. <!--Walanda — yang gentar dengan konsep kebangsaan Indonésia, dan dengan bersenjatakan politik ''divide et impera'' — lebih suka menyebut bangsa Jawa, bangsa Sunda, atau bangsa Sumatera, melarang penggunaan kata "Merdeka, Merdeka!" {{fact}}--> <!-- Meskipun demikian, para pemuda tidak gentar. Mereka ikuti lagu itu dengan mengucapkan "Mulia, Mulia!", bukan "Merdeka, Merdeka!" pada refrein. Akan tetapi, tetap saja mereka menganggap lagu itu sebagai lagu kebangsaan.{{fact}} Selanjutnya lagu Indonesia Raya selalu dinyanyikan pada setiap rapat partai-partai politik. Setelah Indonésia merdeka, lagu itu ditetapkan sebagai lagu Kebangsaan perlambang persatuan bangsa. Namun pada saat menjelaskan hasil [[Festival Film Indonésia]] (FFI) [[2006]] yang kontroversial dan pada kompas tahun 1990-an, [[Remy Sylado]], seorang budayawan dan seniman senior Indonésia mengatakan bahwa lagu Indonesia Raya merupakan jiplakan dari sebuah lagu yang diciptakan tahun [[1600-an]] berjudul ''Lekka Lekka Pinda Pinda''. Kaye A. Solapung, seorang pengamat musik, menanggap tulisan Remy dalam Kompas tanggal 22 Desember 1991. Ia mengatakan bahwa Remy hanya sekadar mengulang tuduhan [[Amir Pasaribu]] pada tahun 1950-an. Ia juga mengatakan dengan mengutip Amir Pasaribu bahwa dalam literatur musik, ada lagu Lekka Lekka Pinda Pinda di [[Walanda]], begitu pula [[Boola-Boola]] di Amerika Serikat. Solapung kemudian membedah lagu-lagu itu. Menurutnya, lagu Boola-boola dan Lekka Lekka tidak sama persis dengan Indonesia Raya, dengan hanya delapan ketuk yang sama. Begitu juga dengan penggunaan Chord yang jelas berbeda. Sehingga, ia menyimpulkan bahwa Indonesia Raya tidak menjiplak.<ref>[http://www.surya.co.id/web/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=17873 Remy Silado, Debat Lama Indonesia Raya Menjiplak], surya.net</ref> == Deskripsi Lagu == Dari susunan liriknya, merupakan soneta atau sajak 14 baris yang terdiri dari satu oktaf (atau dua kuatren) dan satu sekstet. Penggunaan bentuk ini dilihat sebagai "mendahului zaman" (''avant garde''), meskipun soneta sendiri sudah populer di [[Éropah]] semenjak era Renaisans. Rupanya penggunaan soneta tersebut mengilhami karena lima tahun setelah dia dikumandangkan, para seniman [[Angkatan Pujangga Baru]] mulai banyak menggunakan soneta sebagai bentuk ekspresi puitis. Lirik Indonesia Raya merupakan seloka atau pantun berangkai, menyerupai cara empu [[Walmiki]] ketika menulis epik [[Ramayana]]. Dengan kekuatan liriknya itulah Indonesia Raya segera menjadi seloka sakti pemersatu bangsa, dan dengan semakin dilarang oleh Walanda, semakin kuatlah ia menjadi penyemangat dan perekat bangsa Indonésia. [[Cornel Simanjuntak]] dalam majalah ''Arena'' telah menulis bahwa ada tekanan kata dan tekanan musik yang bertentangan dalam kata berseru dalam kalimat Marilah kita berseru. Seharusnya kata ini diucapkan berse'''ru''' (tekanan pada suku ru). Tetapi karena tekanan melodinya, kata itu terpaksa dinyanyikan ber'''se'''ru (tekanan pada se). Selain itu, rentang nada pada Indonesia Raya secara umum terlalu besar untuk lagu yang ditujukan bagi banyak orang. Dibandingkan dengan lagu-lagu kebangsaan lain yang umumnya berdurasi setengah menit bahkan ada yang hanya 19 detik, Indonesia Raya memang jauh lebih panjang. Secara musikal, lagu ini telah dimuliakan — justru — oleh orang Walanda (atau Belgia) bernama [[Jos Cleber]] yang tutup usia tahun [[1999]]. Setelah menerima permintaan Kepala Studio [[RRI]] Jakarta [[Jusuf Ronodipuro]] pada tahun [[1950]], Jos Cleber pun menyusun aransemen baru, yang penyempurnaannya ia lakukan setelah juga menerima masukan dari Presiden [[Soekarno]]. Indonesia Raya menjadi lagu kebangsaan yang agung, namun gagah berani (''maestoso con bravura''). --> {{External media|video1=[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_Ec0D_OFQQ&#124; Sejarah]}} [[Barkas:Indonesia Raya played with violin.opus|jmpl|Rekaman dengan aranasemen [[W.R Supratman]]]] == Lirik == {|class="toccolours" cellpadding="10" align=center rules="cols" !colspan="3" bgcolor="steelblue" |<big>Indonesia Raya</big> |- ! Lirik asli (1928) !! Lirik resmi (1958) !! Lirik saiki |- | <center>'''INDONESIA RAJA'''<ref>{{Harvnb|Panitia Penyusun Naskah Brosur Lagu Kebangsaan Indonesia Raya|1972|pp=28–30|Ref=none}}</ref></center>{{br}} <center>'''I'''</center> Indonésia, tanah airkoe,{{br}} Tanah toempah darahkoe,{{br}} Disanalah akoe berdiri,{{br}} Mendjaga Pandoe Iboekoe. ::Indonésia kebangsaankoe,{{br}} ::Kebangsaan tanah airkoe,{{br}} ::Marilah kita berseroe: ::"Indonésia Bersatoe". Hidoeplah tanahkoe,{{br}} Hidoeplah neg'rikoe,{{br}} Bangsakoe, djiwakoe, semoea,{{br}} Bangoenlah rajatnja,{{br}} Bangoenlah badannja,{{br}} Oentoek Indonésia Raja. <center>'''II'''</center> Indonésia, tanah jang moelia,{{br}} Tanah kita jang kaja,{{br}} Disanalah akoe hidoep,{{br}} Oentoek s'lama-lamanja. ::Indonésia, tanah poesaka,{{br}} ::Poesaka kita semoeanja,{{br}} ::Marilah kita berseroe: ::"Indonésia Bersatoe". Soeboerlah tanahnja,{{br}} Soeboerlah djiwanja,{{br}} Bangsanja, rajatnja, semoea,{{br}} Sedarlah hatinja,{{br}} Sedarlah boedinja,{{br}} Oentoek Indonésia Raja. <center>'''III'''</center> Indonésia, tanah jang soetji,{{br}} Bagi kita disini,{{br}} Disanalah kita berdiri,{{br}} Mendjaga Iboe sedjati. ::Indonésia, tanah berseri,{{br}} ::Tanah jang terkoetjintai,{{br}} ::Marilah kita berdjandji: ::"Indonésia Bersatoe" S'lamatlah rajatnja,{{br}} S'lamatlah poet'ranja,{{br}} Poelaoenja, laoetnja, semoea,{{br}} Madjoelah neg'rinja,{{br}} Madjoelah Pandoenja,{{br}} Oentoek Indonésia Raja. <center>'''Refrain'''</center> Indones', Indones',{{br}} Moelia, Moelia,{{br}} Tanahkoe, neg'rikoe jang koetjinta.{{br}} Indones', Indones',{{br}} Moelia, Moelia,{{br}} Hidoeplah Indonésia Raja. | <center>'''INDONESIA RAJA'''<ref>{{Harvnb|Panitia Penyusun Naskah Brosur Lagu Kebangsaan Indonesia Raya|1972|pp=54–55|Ref=none}}</ref></center>{{br}} <center>'''I'''</center> Indonésia tanah airku,{{br}} Tanah tumpah darahku,{{br}} Disanalah aku berdiri,{{br}} Djadi pandu ibuku. ::Indonésia kebangsaanku,{{br}} ::Bangsa dan tanah airku,{{br}} ::Marilah kita berseru, ::Indonésia bersatu. Hiduplah tanahku,{{br}} Hiduplah neg'riku,{{br}} Bangsaku, Rajatku, sem'wanja,{{br}} Bangunlah djiwanja,{{br}} Bangunlah badannja,{{br}} Untuk Indonésia Raja. <center>'''II'''</center> Indonésia, tanah jang mulia,{{br}} Tanah kita jang kaja,{{br}} Disanalah aku berdiri,{{br}} Untuk s'lama-lamanja. ::Indonésia, tanah pusaka,{{br}} ::P'saka kita semuanja,{{br}} ::Marilah kita mendoa, ::Indonésia bahagia. Suburlah tanahnja,{{br}} Suburlah djiwanja,{{br}} Bangsanja, Rajatnja, sem'wanja,{{br}} Sadarlah hatinja,{{br}} Sadarlah budinja,{{br}} Untuk Indonésia Raja. <center>'''III'''</center> Indonésia, tanah jang sutji,{{br}} Tanah kita jang sakti,{{br}} Disanalah aku berdiri,{{br}} Ndjaga ibu sajati. ::Indonésia, tanah berseri,{{br}} ::Tanah jang aku sajangi,{{br}} ::Marilah kita berdjandji, ::Indonésia abadi. S'lamatlah rakjatnja,{{br}} S'lamatlah putranja,{{br}} Pulaunja, lautnja, sem'wanja,{{br}} Madjulah Neg'rinja,{{br}} Madjulah pandunja,{{br}} Untuk Indonésia Raja. <center>'''Refrain'''</center> Indonésia Raja,{{br}} Merdeka, merdeka,{{br}} Tanahku, neg'riku jang kutjinta!{{br}} Indonésia Raja,{{br}} Merdeka, merdeka,{{br}} Hiduplah Indonésia Raja. | <center>'''INDONESIA RAYA'''<ref>{{Harvnb|Sularto|1982|pp=44–46|Ref=none}}</ref></center>{{br}} <center>'''I'''</center> Indonésia tanah airku,{{br}} Tanah tumpah darahku,{{br}} Disanalah aku berdiri,{{br}} Jadi pandu ibuku. ::Indonésia kebangsaanku,{{br}} ::Bangsa dan tanah airku,{{br}} ::Marilah kita berseru, ::Indonésia bersatu. Hiduplah tanahku,{{br}} Hiduplah neg'riku,{{br}} Bangsaku, Rakyatku, semuanya,{{br}} Bangunlah jiwanya,{{br}} Bangunlah badannya,{{br}} Untuk Indonesia Raya. <center>'''II'''</center> Indonésia, tanah yang mulia,{{br}} Tanah kita yang kaya,{{br}} Disanalah aku berdiri,{{br}} Untuk s'lama-lamanya. ::Indonésia, tanah pusaka,{{br}} ::P'saka kita semuanya,{{br}} ::Marilah kita mendoa, ::Indonésia bahagia. Suburlah tanahnya,{{br}} Suburlah jiwanya,{{br}} Bangsanya, Rakyatnya, semuanya,{{br}} Sadarlah hatinya,{{br}} Sadarlah budinya,{{br}} Untuk Indonesia Raya. <center>'''III'''</center> Indonésia, tanah yang suci,{{br}} Tanah kita yang sakti,{{br}} Disanalah aku berdiri,{{br}} N'jaga ibu sajati. ::Indonésia, tanah berseri,{{br}} ::Tanah yang aku sayangi,{{br}} ::Marilah kita berjanji, ::Indonésia abadi. S'lamatlah rakyatnya,{{br}} S'lamatlah putranya,{{br}} Pulaunya, lautnya, semuanya,{{br}} Majulah Neg'rinya,{{br}} Majulah pandunya,{{br}} Untuk Indonesia Raya. <center>'''Refrain'''</center> Indonesia Raya,{{br}} Merdeka, merdeka,{{br}} Tanahku, neg'riku yang kucinta!{{br}} Indonesia Raya,{{br}} Merdeka, merdeka,{{br}} Hiduplah Indonesia Raya. |} == Aturan == Lagu kabangsan ''Indonesia Raya'' lan cara panganggoné diatur sajeroning [[Peraturan Pamaréntah|Aturan Pamaréntah]] No.44 Taun 1958.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://kambing.vlsm.org/bebas/v01/RI/pp/1958/pp-1958-044.txt |title=Peraturan Pamaréntah No.44 Tahun 1958 |access-date=2009-07-22 |archive-date=2007-03-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070310231601/http://kambing.vlsm.org/bebas/v01/RI/pp/1958/pp-1958-044.txt |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Giyaran == Lagu kebangsaan ''Indonesia Raya'' tansah dikumandhangaké ana ing giyaran pambuka stasiun télévisi lan radio ing antarané: * [[Ideal Record]] & [[Catz Record]] (vokal) ** [[CNN Indonesia]] (nasional) ** [[Bali TV]] [[Denpasar]] (lokal) ** [[BeritaSatu TV]] (jroring; ing pambuka lan pamungkasing giyaran) ** [[MPM Cemerlang Radio]] (mawar jaringan) ** [[TVRI]] (nasional) ** [[RRI palembang]] (laladan) ** [[telstar fm makassar]] (laladan) ** [[venus fm makassar]] (laladan) ** [[RRI manado]] (laladan) ** [[sriwijaya tv network]] (laladan) * [[w:zh:飛碟唱片|UFO Record]], [[w:zh:飛圖唱片|Fitto]], [[Aquarius Musikindo]] (instruméntal) ** [[TVRI Medan|TVRI Sumatra Lor]] (lokal) ** [[RCTI]] (nasional; ing pambuka lan pamungkasing giyaran) ** [[MNCTV]] (sadurungé mawa jeneng [[TPI]], Nasional kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) ** [[ANTV]] (sadurungé mawa jeneng [[ANTV|ANTeve]], Nasional) ** [[MetroTV]] (Nasional/Versi [[Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Républik Indonésia]]) ** [[TVRI DKI Jakarta]] (Laladan) ** [[Top TV Network]] (Mawa jaringan) ** [[tvOne]] (sadurungé mawa jeneng [[Lativi|LatiVi]], Nasional) ** [[Ar-Rohmaniyah News Channel|Ar-Rohmaniyah TV]] Pro2 Digital (Mawa jaringan) ** [[B-Channel]] (Mawa jaringan) ** [[BNTV|Quick Channel]] (Nasional) ** [[Swara]] (Nasional) ** [[Deli TV]] [[Medan]] a nggota saka [[SINDOtv]] (lokal kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) ** [[Cahaya TV|Cahaya TV Network]] [[Tangerang]] (lokal kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) ** [[TV3]] [[Tangerang]] (lokal kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) ** [[Melody FM|Ar-Rohmaniyah FM]] 98,95 & 101,95 (Lokal) ** [[810now|Ar-Rohmaniyah AM]] 810, 1116 (Bangkrut) & SW 9950 (Bangkrut)(Mawa lokal lan jaringan) ** [[Trans7]] (sadurungé mawa jeneng [[TV7]], Nasional) ** [[Trans TV]] (Nasional) ** [[Semarang TV]] (laladan) ** [[radio republik indonesia (pro 1) jakarta]] (laladan) ** [[fadjar tv makassar]] (laladan) ** [[TVB]] [[Jawa Tengah]] (laladan) ** [[Jogja TV]] (laladan) ** [[aditv]] [[Yogyakarta]] (laladan) * [[MD Entertainment]] (All Choir of [[Cinta Fitri]]) ** [[Abu Bakar News]] (Berlangganan dan lokal kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) ** [[Global TV]] (sadurungé mawa jeneng [[Global TV|TVG]], Nasional kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) ** [[TATV Sala]] (lokal kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) ** [[MNC News]] (Berlangganan kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) ** [[I-Dream Radio]] [[Depok]] (Mawa jaringan) ** [[CNBC Indonesia]] (Berlangganan) ** [[JakTV]] [[Jakarta]] (lokal kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) ** [[R-Channel]] (Lokal) * [[Keci Music|WAA/Purnama Record]] (Vokal yang dipenyanyikan olèh [[Maudy Ayunda]] (asal [[Jakarta]] (kutha krajan nagara [[Républik Indonésia]])) & [[Faby Marcelia]] (asal [[kutha Bandung]] (kutha krajan [[provinsi Jawa Barat]])) ** [[SCTV]] (Nasional kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) ** [[Nexmedia]] (Berbayaran kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) ** [[O Channel|O Channel Jakarta]] (lokal kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) ** [[Batam TV]] (lokal kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran yang dipenyanyikan olèh [[SMA Negeri 1 Batam]]) ** [[Gen FM]] (Nasional kanthi pambuka yang dipernyanyikan oleh [[Shanna Shannon]]) ** [[Jak FM]] (Nasional kanthi pambuka yang dipernyanyikan oleh [[Shanna Shannon]]) ** [[Hot FM]] (Nasional kanthi pambuka yang dipernyanyikan oleh [[Shanna Shannon]]) ** [[Mustang FM]] (Nasional kanthi pambuka yang dipernyanyikan oleh [[Shanna Shannon]]) ** [[Kis FM]] (Nasional kanthi pambuka yang dipernyanyikan oleh [[Shanna Shannon]]) ** [[Most Radio]] (Nasional kanthi pambuka yang dipernyanyikan oleh [[Shanna Shannon]]) ** [[Delta FM]] (Nasional kanthi pambuka yang dipernyanyikan oleh [[Shanna Shannon]]) ** [[Prambors]] (Nasional kanthi pambuka yang dipernyanyikan oleh [[Shanna Shannon]]) ** [[FeMale Radio]] (Nasional kanthi pambuka yang dipernyanyikan oleh [[Shanna Shannon]]) ** [[Bahana FM]] (Nasional kanthi pambuka yang dipernyanyikan oleh [[Shanna Shannon]]) ** [[CNN Indonesia]] (Berlangganan kanthi pambuka yang dipernyanyikan oleh [[Shanna Shannon]]) * Gema Nada Pertiwi (GNP) & Cakrawala Musik Nusantara (CMN) ** '''Vokal''': *** [[MyTV]] (Nasional) *** [[SINDOtv]] (sadurungé mawa jeneng [[SUN TV Indonésia|SUN TV]], Mawa jaringan) *** [[Elshinta TV]] [[Jakarta]] (lokal kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) *** [[DAAI TV]] [[Jakarta]] & [[Medan]] (lokal) *** [[TVRI Maluku]] (Laladan) *** [[Baraya TV]] (lokal) *** [[Banten TV]] (lokal) *** [[NET.]] (sadurungé mawa jeneng [[Spacetoon (Indonésia)|Televisi Anak Spacetoon]], Mawa jaringan) *** [[RAS FM]] [[Jakarta]] (lokal) *** [[Radio El-Gangga]] [[Bekasi]] *** [[Magna Channel]] (Laladan) *** [[Indosiar]] (laladan) *** [[RRI makassar]] (laladan) *** [[AFB televisi NTT]] (laladan) *** [[Madika TV]] (laladan) *** [[TVRI Nusa Tenggara Barat]] (laladan) *** [[RRI (pro 2) meulaboh]] (laladan) *** [[Bandung TV]] (laladan) ** '''Instrumental''': *** [[JTV]] [[Surabaya]] (lokal kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) *** [[TVRI Bali]] (Laladan) *** [[TV1]] (Laladan) *** [[TV2]] (Laladan) *** [[TV3]] (Laladan) *** [[IMT Televisi]] (Laladan) *** [[TV5]] (Laladan) *** [[Kompas TV]] (Mawa jaringan kanthi pambuka lan penutupan giyaran) *** [[Ar-Rohmaniyah News Channel|Ar-Rohmaniyah TV]] Pro1 (Mawa jaringan) *** [[Abu Bakar Channel]] (Lokal) *** [[Detik tv]] (Nasional) *** [[Takalar TV]] (lokal) *** [[Sakti TV]] [[Madiun]] (lokal) *** [[Bens Radio]] (lokal) *** [[MiTV UI]] [[Depok]] (Mawa Jaringan) *** [[KTV]] (nasional) == Uga delengen == * [[Lagu kabangsan]] == Réferènsi == {{reflist}} == Pranala njaba == * [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6QvyLkdl1_s Indonesia Raya Versi Lembaga Propaganda Militer Jepang 1945 @ YouTube.com] * W. R. Supratman, [http://www.indoupload.net/files/3306/IMZ%20file/LaguIndonésiaRaya.jpg Indonesia Raya]{{Pranala mati|date=October 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (sebuah satu versi 3 stanza) [[Kategori:Lagu kabangsan]] qcutydus65hr21r1r5pb6eyoq59bc5p 0 42247 1756473 1712337 2026-09-15T04:57:17Z ~2026-49819-45 74550 /* */ 1756473 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Lindungidarianon2|small=yes}}Forrest Li Pendiri Shopee Telah Ditahan Karena Melakukan Teroris Di Negara Indoesia Boom di Semua Mall Dan Supermarket Dan Melakukan Juga Perusakan Barang (Hukum Pidana)Pasal 406 KUHP Lama: Pelaku yang secara sengaja dan melawan hukum merusak, menghancurkan, atau membuat tidak dapat dipakai barang milik orang lain diancam pidana penjara paling lama 2 tahun 8 bulan atau denda. [1] (/goto?Pasal 521 UU 1/2023 (KUHP Baru): Mengatur bahwa setiap orang yang melawan hukum merusak atau menghilangkan barang milik orang lain dipidana penjara maksimal 2 tahun 6 bulan atau denda kategori IV. Jika kerugiannya di bawah Rp500.000, ancaman pidana lebih ringan yaitu penjara 6 bulan {{Infobox TV channel | Name = Surya TV | Other name = PT Surya Citra Televisi | logofile = SCTV Logo.svg | logosize = 200px | Launch = [[24 Agustus]] [[1990]] | Owner = [[Bimantara|PT Bimantara Citra]] (1990-1999), [[Surya Citra Media|PT Surya Citra Media Tbk]] (1999-Saiki) | Headquarters = [[Surabaya]], [[Indonésia]] (1990-1993), [[Jakarta]], [[Indonésia]] (1993-saiki) | Slogan = "Satu Untuk Semua" (2005-saiki), SCTV Ngetop (1997-2005), Ayo SCTV (1993-1997), Selalu Siap Menemanimu (1993-1997). | Sister channel = [[Moji]] ([[2006]]-saiki), [[Indosiar]] (2011-saiki), [[MNCTV]] ([[1997]]-[[2000]]), [[RCTI|RCTV]] ([[1990]]-[[1999]]) | Availability = Nasional | Website = www.sctv.co.id }} '''SCTV''' ('''Surya Citra Televisi''') iku [[stasiun télévisi]] [[swasta]] nasional ing [[Indonésia]]. == Sajarah == === Televisi lokal === SCTV (wiwitané cekakan saka 'Surabaya Central Televisi') ngangkasa pisanan tanggal [[24 Agustus]] [[1990]] ing [[Surabaya]], [[Jawa Wétan]], kanthi cakupan wewengkon Surabaya lan saubengé ([[Gresik]], [[Lamongan]], [[Sidaarja]], [[Majakerta]], [[Jombang]], [[Pasuruan]], [[Bangkalan]]). Ing taun 1991, diadegaké stasiun SCTV Bali ing [[Denpasar]] lan SCTV Surakarta ing [[Surakarta]]. Wiwit iku jeneng SCTV diowahi dadi Surya Citra Televisi. === Televisi nasional === Tahun [[1993]], SCTV ngangkasa kanthi nasional. Mbaka sethithik, ing sajeroning taun 1993-1998 SCTV mindhahaké basis operasi giyaran nasionalé saka Surabaya menyang [[Jakarta]]. Saiki, kantor punjeré dumunung ing Senayan City Jalan Asia Afrika Lot 19, [[Jakarta Pusat]]. SCTV uga duwé studhio penta ing kawasan [[Kebon Jeruk, Jakarta Kulon|Kebon Jeruk]], [[Jakarta Kulon]]. Wiwit tengahan taun 90-an, SCTV sing wiwitané siji manajemen karo [[RCTI]] pungkasané kaloroné dipisah manajemené. SCTV diduwèni déning grup Garudha Makutha Teknologi, liwat PT.Surya Citra Media Tbk. Direktur Utama SCTV ya iku Fofo Sariaatmadja. == Acara Sinetron Unggulan 2008 / TOP 10 ver AGB Nielsen == * Kepompong * Cinta Fitri (sesi Ramelan) * Melati Untuk Marvel == Piala Donya 2006 == SCTV dadi siji-sijiné sing duwé hak siar tetandhingan [[Piala Donya]] {{Wc|2006}} ing Indonésia == Senayan City == SCTV resmi buka kantor ing Senayan City wiwit Fèbruari 2008 an sadurungé ana ing Jalan Gatot Subroto Kavling 21 Jakarta. Komplek Senayan City ditargetaké dadi Super Komplek Media, Entertainment & Style pisanan ing Indonésia. Kanthi konsèp iki diangkah SCTV dadi perintis sajeroning pangembangan New Media. == Acara Unggulan Liyané == {| | * [[Liputan 6]] (berita) * [[BUSER (acara télévisi)]] * Gala Sinema SCTV, dulu kaloka sebagai Sinema Utama SCTV * Gala Bollywood SCTV * Box Office SCTV, kaloka sebagai Gala Hollywood SCTV * Gala Mandarin SCTV, dulu kaloka sebagai Sinema Asia SCTV * Cinemaholic SCTV * Cookies (Acara Remaja) * Lemon Tea'' (Acara Remaja) * Was Was (Infotainment) | * Ada Gosip (Infotainment) * [[Hip Hip Hura (acara TV)|Hip Hip HURA]]'' (musik) * Hot Shot (Infotainment) * Kasak Kusuk (Infotainment) * Kasak Kusuk Investigasi (investigasi) * [[Inbox]] (musik) * By Request (musik) * [[Playboy Kabel (acara télévisi)|Playboy Kabel]] * [[Kontak Jodoh (acara télévisi)|Kontak Jodoh]] | * [[Pacar Pertama (acara télévisi)|Pacar Pertama]] * [[Backstreet(acara télévisi)|Backstreet]] * [[Cinta Lokasi (acara télévisi)|Cinta Lokasi]] * [[Mak Comblang (acara télévisi)|Mak Comblang]] * [[Cinta Monyet (acara télévisi)|Cinta Monyet]] * [[Mata Hati (acara télévisi)|Mata Hati]] * [[Cinta Lama Bersemi Kembali (acara télévisi)|Cinta Lama Bersemi Kembali]] * Di Ambang Fajar (religi) * Tukar Nasib (Reality Show) * Pemberian Misterius (Reality Show) * Karnaval SCTV (Music) * La Academia (Music) * La Academia Junior (Music) |} === Acara-acara sauntara === * Kumpulan Cerita Ramadan (mirunggan Ramelan 2008) * Nikmatnya Ramadhan (mirunggan Ramelan 2008) * Miss Celebrity (segera) * SCTV Awards * SCTV Music Awards * La Academia * La Academia Junior * The Dance Icon * Inbox * Karnaval SCTV * Hip Hip Hura * Fifa World Cup Qatar 2022 With [[Indosiar]] * Premier League === Acara-acara lawas === {| | * Highlander * Xena * Silk Stalkings * The X Files * The Widows * Melrose Place * Freddy's Nightmare * Lois & Clark * Forever Knight * Growing Pains * Casper * Jangan Ada Dusta * Thunder Cats * L.A. Law * Kalau Cinta Jangan Marah * Tersayang * Terpesona * Wah Cantiknya * Berita Laladan * Terpikat * Fall Guy * Samurai X * Ultraman Leo * Ultraman 80 * 3-2-1 Contact * Pokemon * Cooking Master Boy * Dark Knight * Men In Black * The West Wing * 24 * Dunia Anak * Kuis Cerdas * The Jeffersons * Kasih Di Persimpangan * Anak Batawi Gedongan * Cintailah Aku Selamanya * Indahnya Rembulan Teriknya Matahari * Bukan Basa Basi * Nurlela | * NBA Games * Lika-Liku Laki-Laki * Derap Hukum * Jack of All Trades * Rahasia Dapur Kita * Ngrumpi Di Mall * Pista Anak * Magnificent Seven * Nagin * Mariam Si Manis Jembatan Ancol * Merah Hitam Cinta * Makan Nggak Makan Ngumpul * Jingga * Jangan Berhenti Mencintaiku * Kisah Kasih Di Sekolah 1 & 2 * Adam & Hawa * Lorong Waktu 1-6 * Kiamat Sudah Dekat 1-3 * Ikhlas * Smallville * Charmed * Sinetron 3 Dhimènsi * Secret Mission * Total Recall 2070 * Buffy The Vampire Slayer * 3 In 1 * Putri Cantik * Cinta Indah * Kuis Viva Visa * Kuis Kocok Kocok * Kuis Galileo * Bibir Plus * Wok With Yan * Wonder Woman * Salah Asuhan * Dakwah Puasa Zainuddin MZ * Mr. Bean * Bayangan Adinda * Ada Apa Denganmu * Khayalan Tingkat Tinggi | * Benci Bilang Cinta * Kau Masih Kekasihku * Maha Cinta * Penyihir Cinta * Maria Mercedes * Inikah Rasanya * Melati * Putri Sin Ye * Kung Fu Soccer * Di Sini Ada Setan * Malam Pertama * Santet * Astaghfirullah * Kodrat * Kuasa Ilahi * White Snake Legend * Pendekar Ulat Sutra * Putri Bunga Persik * Si Cecep * Misteri Perkawinan * Kassandra * Kristal * The Lady Of Rose * Ilusiones * Si Cantik Clara * Ines Sang Sekretaris * Maria Celeste * Cara Si Muka Motor * Simplemente Maria * Spontan * Carussel * Guadalupe * Kuis Kotak Katik * Kuis Promosia * Trauma Marissa * Sekelam Dendam Marissa * Ceplas Ceplos |} == Perkembangan acara SCTV == === Acara-acara SCTV 1990-an === {| | * ''[[Xena]]'' * ''[[Liputan 6]]'' * ''[[Liga Inggris]]'' * ''[[Kassandra]]'' * ''[[The Lady Of Rose]]'' * ''[[Kristal]]'' * ''[[Ruby]]'' * ''[[Señora]]'' * ''[[Gardenia]]'' * ''[[Guadalupe]]'' * ''[[Marielena]]'' * ''[[Simplemente Maria]]'' * ''[[Carussel]]'' * ''[[Maria Mercedes]]'' * ''[[Melrose Place]]'' * ''[[Freddy's Nightmare]]'' * ''[[Growing Pains]]'' * ''[[L.A. Law]]'' * ''[[Bugs Bunny 15th Annivessary]]'' * ''[[Disney Sport Goofy]]'' | * ''[[Pista Anak]]'' * ''[[Berita Laladan]]'' * ''[[The Jeffersons]]'' * ''[[3-2-1 Contact]]'' * ''[[Casper]]'' * ''[[Thunder Cats]]'' * ''[[Silk Stalkings]]'' * ''[[Highlander]]'' * ''[[Lois & Clark]]'' * ''[[Mr. Bean]]'' * ''[[NBA Games]]'' * ''[[NBA Kobatama]]'' * ''[[Kuis Galileo]]'' * ''[[Berita Laladan]]'' * ''[[Wok With Yan]]'' * ''[[Wonder Woman]]'' * ''[[The X-Files]]'' * ''[[Rahasia Dapur Kita]]'' | * ''[[Spontan]]'' * ''[[Morelia]]'' * ''[[Hati Yang Berduri]]'' * ''[[Maribel]]'' * ''[[Ines, Sang Sekretaris]]'' * ''[[Si Cantik Clara]]'' * ''[[Cara Si Muka Motor]]'' * ''[[Maria Celeste]]'' * ''[[Melati]]'' * ''[[Lika-Liku Laki-Laki]]'' * ''[[Kasih Di Persimpangan]]'' * ''[[Cintailah Aku Segalanya]]'' * ''[[Kuis Promosia]]'' * ''[[Jonny Quest]]'' * ''[[Bobo Siana]]'' * ''[[Eno Ceria]]'' * ''[[Detektif Conan]]'' * ''[[Barbie]]'' * ''[[Bear Family]]'' * ''[[Trauma Marissa]]'' * ''[[Sekelam Dendam Marissa]]'' * ''[[Ceplas Ceplos]]'' |} === Acara-acara SCTV 2000-an === {| | * [[La Mentira]] * [[Maria Mercedes]] * [[Rosalinda]] * Marimar * Maria Bellen * Maria Cinta Yang Hilang * Guerra Si Wanita/Guerra De Mujeres * Gabriella * Misteri Mini Pelet * Nagin * Derap Hukum * Men In Black * Samurai X * Pokemon * Dark Knight * Jack of All Trades * Smallville * Charmed * Total Recall 2070 * Wah Cantiknya * Malam Pertama * Di Sini Ada Setan * Snow Angel * Bibir Plus! * Astaghfirullah | * Kuis Cerdas * Dunia Anak * Pokemon * Kodrat * Kuasa Ilahi * Justice League * Batman Animated * Roda Impian * Cintanya Cinta * Carmenita * Maha Pengasih * Laris Manis * Mencintaimu * Boneka Poppy * Jinny Lagi Jinny Lagi * Putri Duyung * POSTER * Daeng Games Adventure * Anak Batawi Gedongan * Umi Kalsum * Surga Di Bawah Telapak Kaki Ibu * Lorong Waktu * Kiamat Sudah Dekat * Thief of Baghdad | * Mimpi Kali Yee * Sinetron 3 Dhimènsi * Secret Mission * Magnificent Seven * Si Cecep * Dunia Anak * Kuis Cerdas * Kuis Kocok-Kocok * Sik Asik * Ngrumpi Di Mall * Kung Fu Soccer * [[Carmenita]] * [[Paulina]] * [[Amigos]] * [[La Duena]] * [[Carita De Angel]] * [[Marisol]] * [[La Revancha]] * [[Rahasia Cinta]] * [[Amantes De Luna Llena]] * [[Keajaiban Juana]] * [[Liputan 6]] * [[Buser]] * [[Wah Cantiknya]] * [[Cinta Frensi]] * [[Hip Hip Hura]] * [[Inbox]] * [[Karnaval SCTV]] * [[Ganteng Ganteng Serigala]] * [[Ganteng Ganteng Serigala Returns]] * [[Mermaid In Love]] * [[Cinta Fitri]] * [[Madun]] * [[Cinta 2 Pilihan]] * [[Cinta Karena Cinta]] * [[Takdir Cinta Yang Kau Pilih]] * [[Samudera CInta]] * [[Buku Harian Seorang Istri]] * [[Cinta Setelah Cinta]] * [[Putih Abu Abu]] * [[Aura]] |} == Uga delengen == * [[Pratélan stasiun télévisi Indonésia]] == Pranala njaba == * [http://www.sctv.co.id/ Situs resmi SCTV] * [http://www.liputan6.com/ Situs resmi Liputan 6 SCTV] * [http://www.liputanbola.com/ Situs resmi SCTV atas Berita Seputar Sepak Bola Dunia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914025806/http://www.liputanbola.com/ |date=2008-09-14 }} * [http://www.scm.co.id/ Situs resmi SCM Induk Perusahaan SCTV] {{Televisi ing Indonésia}}{{Pranata cara SCTV}} [[Kategori:Perusahaan Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Stasiun télévisi Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Stasiun télévisi sing madeg ing taun 1990]] jyidrz98v5d0pfaxoglt947hwz79isv 0 44238 1756468 1734190 2026-09-15T03:31:27Z Achmadmaulanaibr 22723 1756468 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Barkas:Seal of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia.svg|jmpl|120px|Logo Kanayakan Artakarya]] Ing ngisor iki pratélan sing tau mengku kalungguhan minangka [[Mantri Kauangan]] ing [[Indonésia]]. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- style="background-color:#cfc;" !No !Foto !Kabinet !Jeneng !Wiwit !Nganti !Katrangan |- |- |1 |[[Gambar:Samsi 0.jpg|100px]] | Samsi Sastrawidagda | rowspan=2|[[Kabinèt Présidhèntil|Présidhèntil]] | 2 Sèptèmber 1945 | 26 Sèptèmber 1945 | |- |2 | [[Gambar:Alexander andries maramis.jpg|100px]] | Alexander Andries Maramis | 26 Sèptèmber 1945 | 14 Novèmber 1945 | |- |- |3 | [[Gambar:Menku Sunarjo Kolopaking.jpg|100px]] | Sunarjo Kolopaking |rowspan=2|Syahrir I | 14 Novèmber 1945 | 5 Dhésèmber 1945 | <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.kemenkeu.go.id/Daftarmenteri/menteri-keuangan-sunarjo-kolopaking-dan-diganti-surachman-tjokrodisurjo|title=Menteri Keuangan Sunarjo Kolopaking diganti Surachman Tjokorodisurjo|publisher=Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia}}</ref> |- |rowspan=2|4 |rowspan=2| [[Gambar:Menkeu RM surachman-tjokrodisurjo.jpg|100px]] |rowspan=2| Surachman Tjokroadisurjo |5 Desember 1945 |12 Maret 1946 | |- |Syahrir II |12 Maret 1946 |2 Oktober 1946 | |- |- |5 | [[Gambar:Menkeu Sjafrudin.jpg|100px]] | [[Syafruddin Prawiranegara]] | Syahrir III | 2 Oktober 1946 | 26 Juni 1947 | <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.kemenkeu.go.id/Daftarmenteri/menteri-keuangan-sjafrudin-prawiranegara|title=Menteri Keuangan Syafruddin Prawiranegara|publisher=Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia|accessdate=16 Januari 2015}}</ref> |- |rowspan=3|(2) |rowspan=3| [[Gambar:Alexander andries maramis.jpg|100px]] |rowspan=3| Alexander Andries Maramis | Amir Syarifuddin I | 3 Juli 1947 | 11 Novèmber 1947 | |- | Amir Syarifuddin II | 11 Novèmber 1947 | 23 Januari 1948 |- | Hatta I | 29 Januari 1948 | 4 Agustus 1949 |- |- |rowspan=2|6 |rowspan=2|[[Gambar:Lukman Hakim Menkeu.jpg|100px]] |rowspan=2| Lukman Hakim | Darurat | 19 Dhésèmber 1948 | 13 Juli 1949 |- | Hatta II | 4 Agustus 1949 | 14 Dhésèmber 1949 |- |(5) | [[Gambar:Menkeu Sjafrudin.jpg|100px]] | [[Syafruddin Prawiranegara]] | RIS | 20 Dhésèmber 1949 | 15 Agustus 1950 |- |rowspan=2|(6) |rowspan=2|[[Gambar:Lukman Hakim Menkeu.jpg|100px]] |rowspan=2| Lukman Hakim | Soesanto | 20 Dhésèmber 1949 | 21 Januari 1950 | |- | Halim | 21 Januari 1950 | 15 Agustus 1950 | |- | (5) | [[Gambar:Menkeu Sjafrudin.jpg|100px]] | [[Syafruddin Prawiranegara]] | Natsir | 6 Sèptèmber 1950 | 27 April 1951 | |- | 7 | [[Gambar:Jusuf wibisono.jpg|100px]] | Jusuf Wibisono | Sukiman Suwirjo | 27 April 1951 | 3 April 1952 | |- | 8 | [[Gambar:Menkeu Sumitro Djojohadikusumo.jpg|100px]] | Soemitro Djojohadikoesoemo | Wilopo | 3 April 1952 | 3 Juni 1953 | <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.kemenkeu.go.id/Daftarmenteri/menteri-keuangan-sumitro-djojohadikusumo-0|title=Menteri Keuangan Soemitro Djojohadikusumo|publisher=Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia|access-date=16 Januari 2015}}</ref> |- | 9 | [[Gambar:Menkeu Ong Eng Die.jpg|100px]] | Ong Eng Die | Ali Sastroamidjojo I | 1 Juli 1953 | 24 Juli 1955 | |- |- | (8) | [[Gambar:Menkeu Sumitro Djojohadikusumo.jpg|100px]] | Soemitro Djojohadikoesoemo | Burhanuddin Harahap | 12 Agustus 1955 | 3 Maret 1956 | |- | (7) | [[Gambar:Jusuf wibisono.jpg|100px]] | Jusuf Wibisono | rowspan=2| Ali Sastroamidjojo II | 26 Maret 1956 | 9 Januari 1957 | <ref name="Keppres3/1957">{{cite web |url= https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/92681/keppres-no-3-tahun-1957|title=Keppres No. 3 tahun 1957 |last= |first= |date=10 Januari 1957 |website=Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan Republik Indonesia |publisher=Direktorat Utama Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Hukum Pemeriksaan Keuangan Negara |access-date=8 Oktober 2020 |quote=}}</ref> |- | |[[Gambar:Menkeu Djuanda.jpg|100px]] |[[Djoeanda Kartawidjaja]]<br><small>(ad-interim) |9 Januari 1957 |14 Maret 1957 |<ref name="Keppres3/1957"/> |- | 10 | [[Gambar:Menkeu Soetikno Slamet.jpg|100px]] | Sutikno Slamet | Karya | 9 April 1957 | 5 Juli 1959 | |- |rowspan=2|11 |rowspan=2| [[Gambar:Menkeu Djuanda.jpg|100px]] |rowspan=2| [[Djoeanda Kartawidjaja]] | Kerja I | 10 Juli 1959 | 18 Fèbruari 1960 | |- |rowspan=2| Kerja II | 18 Fèbruari 1960 | 1 Juli 1960 | |- |rowspan=2|12 |rowspan=2|[[Gambar:Murobikandi Notohamiprodjo.jpg|100px]] |rowspan=2| Notohamiprodjo | 1 Juli 1960 | 6 Maret 1962 | |- | Kerja III | 6 Maret 1962 | 13 Novèmber 1963 | |- |- |rowspan=4|13 |rowspan=4| [[Gambar:Menkeu Soemarno.jpg|100px]] |rowspan=4| Soemarno | Kerja IV | 13 Novèmber 1963 | 27 Agustus 1964 | |- | Dwikora I | 27 Agustus 1964 | 22 Fèbruari 1966 | |- |Dwikora II |24 Fèbruari 1966 |27 Maret 1966 | |- | Dwikora III | 28 Maret 1966 | 25 Juli 1966 | |- |rowspan=2|14 |rowspan=2| [[Gambar:Menkeu Franseda.jpg|100px]] |rowspan=2| [[Frans Seda]] | Ampera I | 28 Juli 1966 | 17 Oktober 1967 | |- | Ampera II | 17 Oktober 1967 | 6 Juni 1968 | |- |- |rowspan=3|15 |rowspan=3| [[Gambar:Ali wardhana.jpg|100px]] |rowspan=3| [[Ali Wardhana]] | Pangyasa I | 6 Juni 1968 | 28 Maret 1973 | |- |Pangyasa II | 28 Maret 1973 | 29 Maret 1978 | |- | Pangyasa III | 29 Maret 1978 | 19 Maret 1983 |- |- | 16 | [[Gambar:Radius prawiro.jpg|100px]] | [[Radius Prawiro]] | Pangyasa IV | 19 Maret 1983 | 11 Maret 1988 |- | 17 | [[Gambar:Jb_sumarlin.jpg|100px]] | [[J. B. Sumarlin]] | Pangyasa V | 21 Maret 1988 | 11 Maret 1993 | |- | 18 | [[Gambar:Official Portrait of Marie Muhammad.jpg|100px]] | Mar'ie Muhammad | Pangyasa VI | 17 Maret 1993 | 11 Maret 1998 | |- | 19 | [[Gambar:Fuad Bawazier.jpg|100px]] | Fuad Bawazier | Pangyasa VII | 16 Maret 1998 | 21 Mei 1998 | |- | 20 | | Bambang Subianto | Reformasi Pangyasa | 23 Mei 1998 | 20 Oktober 1999 | |- | 21 | | Bambang Sudibyo |rowspan=3| [[Kabinet Persatuan Nasional|Persatuan Nasional]] | 29 Oktober 1999 | 23 Agustus 2000 | |- |22 | | Prijadi Praptosuhardjo | 23 Agustus 2000 | 12 Juni 2001 | |- |- |23 | [[Gambar:Rizalramli.jpg|100px]] | [[Rizal Ramli]] | 12 Juni 2001 | 23 Juli 2001 | |- |24 | [[Gambar:Boediono.jpg|100px]] | [[Boediono]] | Gotong Royong | 10 Agustus 2001 | 20 Oktober 2004 | |- |25 | | [[Jusuf Anwar]] |rowspan=2 | Indonesia Bersatu | 21 Oktober 2004 | 7 Dhésèmber 2005 | |- |rowspan=2|26 |rowspan=2| [[Gambar:Sri Mulyani 2004.jpg|100px]] |rowspan=2| [[Sri Mulyani]] | 7 Dhésèmber 2005 | 20 Oktober 2009 | |- |rowspan=4|[[Kabinèt Indonésia Bersatu II|Indonésia Bersatu II]] | 22 Oktober 2009 | 20 Mei 2010 | <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.antara.co.id/berita/1273056874/penunjukan-sri-mulyani-pulihkan-citra-indonesia|newspaper=AntaraNews|author=Amshy|title=Penunjukan Sri Mulyani Pulihkan Citra Indonesia|date=5 Mèi 2010|access-date=5 Mèi 2010}}</ref> |- |27 | [[Gambar:Menteri_Keuangan_Agus_DW_Martowardjojo.jpg|100px]] | [[Agus Martowardojo]] | 20 Mei 2010 | 19 April 2013 | |- |— | [[Gambar:Hatta Rajasa2.jpg|100px]] | [[Hatta Rajasa]]<br><small>(Pelaksana Tugas) | 19 April 2013 | 21 Mei 2013 | <ref>{{cite news|url=http://ekbis.sindonews.com/read/2013/04/19/33/739921/hatta-rajasa-ditunjuk-jadi-plt-menteri-keuangan|title=Hatta Rajasa ditunjuk jadi Pelaksana Tugas Menteri Keuangan|date=19 April 2013|author=Ameidyo Daud|newspaper=SindoNews.com|access-date=19 April 2013}}</ref> |- |28 | [[Gambar:Menkeu Chatib Basri.jpg|100px]] | [[Muhammad Chatib Basri]] | 21 Mei 2013 | 20 Oktober 2014 | <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://bisniskeuangan.kompas.com/read/2013/05/20/14135572/Presiden.Chatib.Basri.Menkeu.|title=Presiden: Chatib Basri Menkeu|author=Sandro Gatra|newspaper=Kompas|date=20 Mèi 2013|access-date=20 Mèi 2013}}</ref> |- |29 | [[Gambar:Menkeu Bambang Brodjonegoro.jpg|100px]] | Bambang Brodjonegoro | rowspan="2" | [[Kabinet Kerja (2014–2019)|Kerja]] | 27 Oktober 2014 | 27 Juli 2016 | <ref>{{cite news|url=http://nasional.kompas.com/read/2014/10/26/17505831/Inilah.Susunan.Kabinet.Kerja.Jokowi-JK?utm_campaign=popread&utm_medium=bp&utm_source=news|title=Inilah Susunan Kabinet Kerja Jokowi-JK|author=Sabrina Asril|publisher=Kompas.com|date=26 Oktober 2014|access-date=26 Oktober 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://nasional.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/politik/16/07/27/oayigv354-ini-empat-menteri-yang-digeser-ke-posisi-baru|title=Ini Empat Menteri yang Digeser ke Posisi Baru|first=Bayu|last=Hermawan|date=27 Juli 2016|access-date=27 Juli 2016|newspaper=Republika.co.id}}</ref> |- |rowspan=3|(26) |rowspan=3|[[Gambar:Finance Ministry Sri Mulyani Indrawati 2016.jpg|100px]] |rowspan=3|[[Sri Mulyani]] |27 Juli 2016 |20 Oktober 2019 |<ref>{{cite news|url=http://nasional.kompas.com/read/2016/07/27/10520351/pramono.presiden.rombak.12.jabatan.menteri|title=Pramono: Presiden Rombak 12 Jabatan Menteri|date=27 Juli 2016|access-date=27 Juli 2016|first=Fabian Januarius|last=Kuwado|editor-first=Sandro|editor-last=Gatra|newspaper=Kompas.com}}</ref> |- |[[Kabinèt Indonésia Munggah|Indonésia Munggah]] |23 Oktober 2019 |20 Oktober 2024 | |- |rowspan=3| [[Kabinèt Abang Putih|Abang Putih]] | 21 Oktober 2024 | 8 Sèptèmber 2025 |<ref>{{cite news|url=https://setkab.go.id/presiden-prabowo-subianto-umumkan-susunan-kabinet-merah-putih-di-istana-negara-jakarta/|title=Presiden Prabowo Subianto Umumkan Susunan Kabinet Merah-Putih, di Istana Negara, Jakarta|website=Sekretaris Kabinet Republik Indonesia}}</ref> |- |- | 30 | [[Gambar:Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa, Menteri Keuangan (2026).jpg|100px]] | [[Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa]] | 8 Sèptèmber 2025 | 14 Sèptèmber 2026 | <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.presidenri.go.id/siaran-pers/presiden-prabowo-lantik-empat-menteri-dan-satu-wakil-menteri-kabinet-merah-putih/|title=Presiden Prabowo Lantik Empat Menteri dan Satu Wakil Menteri Kabinet Merah Putih|date=8 Sèptèmber 2025|access-date=8 September 2025|work=Sekretariat Presiden Republik Indonesia}}</ref> |- |31 |[[Gambar:Wakil Menteri Keuangan Republik Indonesia Suahasil Nazara (cropped).jpg|100px]] |Suahasil Nazara |14 Sèptèmber 2026 | ''Saiki'' |<ref>{{cite news|url=https://presidenri.go.id/siaran-pers/presiden-prabowo-lantik-suahasil-nazara-sebagai-menteri-keuangan/|title=Presiden Prabowo Lantik Suahasil Nazara sebagai Menteri Keuangan|date=14 Sèptèmber 2026|access-date=15 Sèptèmber 2026|work=Biro Pers, Media dan Informasi Sekretariat President — Kementerian Sekretariat Negara}}</ref> |} ==Referensi== {{reflist}} == Uga delengen == * [[Pratélan Kabinet Indonésia]] * [[Kanayakan Artakarya Indonésia]] {{Mantri Indonésia}} [[Kategori:Pratélan Mantri Indonésia|Kauangan]] [[Kategori:Mantri Ardana Indonésia| ]] 0ht86n03pl011v7nsowvhi3iex1jklj 0 162086 1756474 1755752 2026-09-15T06:05:46Z 357dsfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffkevinjia 74570 1756474 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Bumblebee''''' ya iku minangka filem fiksi ilmiah saka [[Amérikah Sarékat]] taun 2018. Filem iki musataké karakter ''Transformers'' kanthi jeneng sing padha. Bumblebee dirilis déning travis Knight lan ditulis déning Christina Hodson. Bintang utama ana ing filem iki ya iku Hailee Steinfeld, John Cena, Jorge lendeborg Jr., John Ortiz, Jason Drucker, lan Pamela Adlon. Paraga swara utama ing filem iki ya iku Dylan O'Brien, Angela Bassett, Jusin Theroux, lan Peter Cullen. Disiaraké pisanan ana ing Berlin tanggal 3 Desember 2018, filem iki uga dirilis sacara teatrikal ing Amérikah Sarékat tanggal 21 Desember 2018, sukses ngraup untung $468 yuta. Filem kasebut uga nampa ulasan positif saka para kritikus. '''Suborder Theropoda: Infraorder Ceratosauria''' {| class="wikitable" |'''Family''' |'''Name''' |'''Size''' |'''Food''' |'''Lived''' |'''Location''' |'''Dominic West as the Wolf's Comments''' |- |'''Podokesauridae''' |''Coelophysis bauri'' |3 m (10 ft) long |Small vertebrates, insects |Late Triassic (208–201 Mya) |North America |''"A fast little nipper! Quick enough to snatch a pig right out of a straw house!"'' |- |'''Podokesauridae''' |''Megapnosaurus rhodesiensis'' |3 m (10 ft) long |Meat, small reptiles |Early Jurassic (193 Mya) |Africa, North America |''"Such a big name for a skinny lizard—I'd gulp three of 'em before breakfast!"'' |- |'''Podokesauridae''' |''Podokesaurus holyokensis'' |0.9 m (3 ft) long |Meat, small animals |Early Jurassic (195–190 Mya) |North America |''"Tiny, swift, and crunchy. Perfect for a quick midnight snack!"'' |- |'''Podokesauridae''' |''Procompsognathus triassicus'' |1 m (3.3 ft) long |Insects, lizards |Late Triassic (221–210 Mya) |Europe |''"Hardly enough meat on those bones to make a decent broth, I say!"'' |- |'''Podokesauridae''' |''Segisaurus halli'' |1 m (3.3 ft) long |Insects, small prey |Early Jurassic (190 Mya) |North America |''"Hiding in the sand? You can't huff and puff away a clever wolf's nose!"'' |- |'''Ceratosauridae''' |''Ceratosaurus nasicornis'' |6–7 m (20–23 ft) long |Large herbivores, fish |Late Jurassic (153–148 Mya) |North America, Europe |''"Now THAT is a real nose horn! Makes my own sharp teeth look positively polite."'' |- |'''Dilophosauridae''' |''Dilophosaurus wetherilli'' |7 m (23 ft) long |Medium herbivores |Early Jurassic (193 Mya) |North America |''"Double crests on its head? Splendid fashion—though a top hat suits me better!"'' |- |'''Noasauridae''' |''Masiakasaurus knopfleri'' |2 m (6.6 ft) long |Fish, small prey |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |Madagascar |''"Look at those buck teeth! Even Red Riding Hood's grandmother had cleaner chops!"'' |- |'''Abelisauridae''' |''Carnotaurus sastrei'' |7.5–9 m (25–30 ft) long |Meat, large dinosaurs |Late Cretaceous (72–69 Mya) |South America |''"Bull horns and stubby little arms! A bit ridiculous, but I wouldn't say it to his face."'' |- |'''Abelisauridae''' |''Majungasaurus crenatissimus'' |6–7 m (20–23 ft) long |Meat, other dinosaurs |Late Cretaceous (70–66 Mya) |Madagascar |''"Eating its own kind? My word, even a wicked wolf has SOME table manners!"'' |- |'''Abelisauridae''' |''Rajasaurus narmadensis'' |11 m (36 ft) long |Large herbivores |Late Cretaceous (67–66 Mya) |Asia (India) |''"A true king of monsters! I'd let him have the grandma and take the little girl myself."'' |} '''Suborder Theropoda: Infraorder Carnosauria''' {| class="wikitable" |'''Family''' |'''Name''' |'''Size''' |'''Food''' |'''Lived''' |'''Location''' |'''Dominic West as the Wolf's Comments''' |- |'''Megalosauridae''' |''Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis'' |4.6 m (15 ft) long |Fish, carcasses, small dinosaurs |Middle Jurassic (163 Mya) |Europe (England) |''"A swimming brute! I prefer my lunch dry and neatly tucked into a basket."'' |- |'''Megalosauridae''' |''Marshosaurus bicentesimus'' |5–6 m (16–20 ft) long |Medium herbivores, meat |Late Jurassic (155–150 Mya) |North America |''"Named after Marsh? Pity it wasn't named after a tasty little pig!"'' |- |'''Megalosauridae''' |''Poekilopleuron bucklandii'' |9 m (30 ft) long |Meat, large prey |Middle Jurassic (168 Mya) |Europe (France) |''"Big French beast! Probably pairs well with a side of Little Red Riding Hood."'' |- |'''Megalosauridae''' |''Torvosaurus gurneyi'' |10–11 m (33–36 ft) long |Large dinosaurs, carrion |Late Jurassic (153–148 Mya) |Europe (Portugal) |''"Now THAT is a jaw line! Even I wouldn't try huffing and puffing at his front door."'' |- |'''Carcharodontosauridae''' |''Acrocanthosaurus atokensis'' |11.5 m (38 ft) long |Large sauropods |Early Cretaceous (113–110 Mya) |North America |''"Look at that spiny ridge! Must make a dreadful mess when trying to wear a raincoat."'' |- |'''Carcharodontosauridae''' |''Carcharodontosaur. iguidensis'' |12–13 m (39–43 ft) long |Meat, massive herbivores |Early Cretaceous (95 Mya) |Africa (Niger) |''"Shark-toothed lizard? Splendid competition—though my teeth are far more charming."'' |- |'''Carcharodontosauridae''' |''Giganotosaurus carolinii'' |12–16 m (39–52 ft) long |Large sauropods, meat |Late Cretaceous (98–97 Mya) |South America |''"Bigger than a T. rex? Good gracious, imagine the size of the grandmother he could swallow whole!"'' |- |'''Allosauridae''' |''Allosaurus europaeus'' |7–12 m (23–39 ft) long |Medium to large herbivores |Late Jurassic (152 Mya) |Europe (Portugal), North America (USA) |''"A classic predator! Sharp claws, swift feet—a fellow after my own heart."'' |- |'''Allosauridae''' |''Yangchuanosaurus zigongensis'' |7–8 m (23–26 ft) long |Large herbivores |Middle Jurassic (168–161 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"Bumpy snout and razor teeth! He'd make quick work of Goldilocks and her porridge."'' |- |'''Spinosauridae''' |''Baryonyx walkeri'' |7.5–10 m (25–33 ft) long |Fish, small dinosaurs |Early Cretaceous (130–125 Mya) |Europe (UK, Spain) |''"Heavy claws for catching fish? Personally, I prefer a fat, juicy shepherd."'' |- |'''Spinosauridae''' |''Spinosaurus aegyptiacus'' |14–15 m (46–49 ft) long |Fish, large aquatic prey |Late Cretaceous (99–93.5 Mya) |Africa (Egypt, Morocco) |''"A giant sail on its back? Talk about showing off—I stick to a sharp wool suit!"'' |- |'''Spinosauridae''' |''Suchomimus tenerensis'' |9.5–11 m (31–36 ft) long |Fish, meat |Early Cretaceous (121–113 Mya) |Africa (Niger) |''"Crocodile snout? A bit vulgar for table manners, but effective for snapping up treats!"'' |- |'''Tyrannosauridae''' |''Albertosaurus sarcophagus'' |8–9 m (26–30 ft) long |Duck-billed dinosaurs, meat |Late Cretaceous (71–68 Mya) |North America |''"Fast runner, this one! He'd catch those three little pigs before they even reached the door."'' |- |'''Tyrannosauridae''' |''Alioramus altai'' |5–6 m (16–20 ft) long |Small to medium prey |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"A slender snout with eight little horns! Fancy ornamentation for a tyrant."'' |- |'''Tyrannosauridae''' |''Gorgosaurus libratus'' |8–9 m (26–30 ft) long |Horned & duckbilled dinos |Late Cretaceous (76.5–75 Mya) |North America |''"Fierce name, terrible temper! I like his style, though his arms are pitifully short."'' |- |'''Tyrannosauridae''' |''Qianzhousaurus sinensis'' |8–9 m (26–30 ft) long |Medium dinosaurs, meat |Late Cretaceous (72–66 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"They call him Pinocchio Rex! With a nose that long, you know he's up to no good."'' |- |'''Tyrannosauridae''' |''Tarbosaurus bataar'' |10–12 m (33–39 ft) long |Large herbivores, meat |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia, China) |''"The Asian King! Big head, crushing bite—definitely not someone to invite to tea."'' |- |'''Tyrannosauridae''' |''Tyrannosaurus rex'' |12–13 m (39–43 ft) long |Everything it wants |Late Cretaceous (68–66 Mya) |North America |''"The ultimate villain! Big teeth, bigger roar—though I still think my wolfish charm wins the day."'' |} '''Suborder Theropoda: Infraorder Coelurosauria''' {| class="wikitable" |'''Family''' |'''Name''' |'''Size''' |'''Food''' |'''Lived''' |'''Location''' |'''Dominic West as the Wolf's Comments''' |- |'''Coeluridae''' |''Coelurus fragilis'' |2.4 m (7.8 ft) long |Small animals, insects |Late Jurassic (155–150 Mya) |North America |''"Hollow bones and slender legs! Perfect for darting past three angry little pigs."'' |- |'''Coeluridae''' |''Ornitholestes hermanni'' |2 m (6.6 ft) long |Small lizards, mammals, birds |Late Jurassic (154 Mya) |North America |''"A bird robber! I prefer stealing sheep myself, but a fat hen will do in a pinch."'' |- |'''Tyrannosauroidea''' |''Moros intrepidus'' |1.2 m (4 ft) long |Small animals, meat |Early Cretaceous (96 Mya) |North America |''"Tiny tyrant! Don't let the small stature fool you—he's got ambitious jaws!"'' |- |'''Tyrannosauroidea''' |''Nanotyrannus lethaeus'' |5 m (16.4 ft) long |Meat, small dinosaurs |Late Cretaceous (68–66 Mya) |North America |''"A pint-sized T. rex! Fast enough to catch Red Riding Hood before she reaches Grandma's!"'' |- |'''Megaraptoridae''' |''Megaraptor namunhuaiquii'' |8 m (26 ft) long |Large prey, meat |Late Cretaceous (90 Mya) |South America |''"Look at those massive hand claws! Even my sharp teeth are feeling a bit envious."'' |- |'''Compsognathidae''' |''Compsognathus longipes'' |1 m (3.3 ft) long |Insects, small lizards |Late Jurassic (150 Mya) |Europe (Germany, France) |''"A dainty little chicken-lizard! I could gobble a dozen for a midnight snack."'' |- |'''Proceratosauridae''' |''Proceratosaurus bradleyi'' |3 m (10 ft) long |Small to medium prey |Middle Jurassic (166 Mya) |Europe (England) |''"A nose crest on an ancient tyrant! Quite stylish, though a top hat suits me better."'' |- |'''Proceratosauridae''' |''Yutyrannus huali'' |9 m (30 ft) long |Large herbivores, meat |Early Cretaceous (125 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"A giant feathered killer! Imagine the warm coat I could make out of him!"'' |- |'''Ornithomimidae''' |''Archaeornithomimus asiaticus'' |3.4 m (11 ft) long |Plants, insects, small prey |Late Cretaceous (96–70 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"An ancient ostrich mimic! Fast on its feet, but lacks proper wolfish charm."'' |- |'''Ornithomimidae''' |''Dromiceiomimus samueli'' |3.5 m (11.5 ft) long |Insects, fruits, small animals |Late Cretaceous (73 Mya) |North America |''"Emu-mimic with huge eyes! He'd spot Goldilocks sneaking off with the porridge!"'' |- |'''Ornithomimidae''' |''Gallimimus bullatus'' |6 m (20 ft) long |Plants, small animals |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"Flocking and sprinting! Reminds me of sheep running wild in the meadow!"'' |- |'''Ornithomimidae''' |''Harpymimus okladnikovi'' |2 m (6.6 ft) long |Plants, insects, small prey |Early Cretaceous (107 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"Retained a few teeth in its lower jaw! A fellow who appreciates a proper bite."'' |- |'''Ornithomimidae''' |''Ornithomimus velox'' |3.8 m (12 ft) long |Plants, fruits, insects |Late Cretaceous (66 Mya) |North America |''"Swift bird-mimic! Good luck catching this one for a Sunday roast."'' |- |'''Ornithomimidae''' |''Struthiomimus altus'' |4.3 m (14 ft) long |Plants, small animals, eggs |Late Cretaceous (75 Mya) |North America |''"An ostrich clone! Excellent speed, but utterly toothless—how embarrassing!"'' |- |'''Deinocheiridae''' |''Deinocheirus mirificus'' |16 m (52 ft) long |Plants, fish |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"Horrible hands, a duck bill, and a hump! What a delightfully absurd monster!"'' |- |'''Oviraptoridae''' |''Caudipteryx dongi'' |1 m (3.3 ft) long |Seeds, insects |Early Cretaceous (125 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"Feathered tail fan! Looks more like a feathered duster than a proper predator."'' |- |'''Oviraptoridae''' |''Chirostenotes pergracilis'' |2 m (6.6 ft) long |Small reptiles, eggs, mammals |Late Cretaceous (76.5 Mya) |North America |''"Slender hands and a beak! Perfect for reaching into tight little bird nests."'' |- |'''Oviraptoridae''' |''Conchoraptor gracilis'' |1.5 m (5 ft) long |Mollusks, seeds, small prey |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"Crushing shells without teeth! A bit clumsy, but effective for hard treats."'' |- |'''Oviraptoridae''' |''Oviraptor philoceratops'' |1.6 m (5.2 ft) long |Eggs, seeds, small animals |Late Cretaceous (75 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"An egg thief! Finally, someone who understands the joy of a stolen breakfast!"'' |- |'''Saurornithoididae''' |''Troodon formosus'' |2.4 m (8 ft) long |Mammals, birds, reptiles |Late Cretaceous (77 Mya) |North America |''"Big brain and sharp teeth! Almost as clever as a proper fairytale wolf!"'' |- |'''Therizinosauridae''' |''Erlikosaurus andrewsi'' |3.4 m (11 ft) long |Plants |Late Cretaceous (90 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"A toothy beak for munching leaves! What a waste of good, sharp weapons!"'' |- |'''Therizinosauridae''' |''Segnosaurus galbinensis'' |6 m (20 ft) long |Plants |Late Cretaceous (96–89 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"Heavy body, massive claws, and a vegetarian diet! Utterly baffling!"'' |- |'''Therizinosauridae''' |''Therizinosaurus cheloniformis'' |10 m (33 ft) long |Plants |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"Three-foot scythe claws just to eat SALAD?! Good heavens, what a dramatic creature!"'' |} '''Suborder Theropoda: Infraorder Deinonychosauria''' {| class="wikitable" |'''Family''' |'''Name''' |'''Size''' |'''Food''' |'''Lived''' |'''Location''' |'''Dominic West as the Wolf's Comments''' |- |'''Dromaeosauridae''' |''Atrociraptor marshalli'' |2 m (6.6 ft) long |Meat, small prey |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |North America |''"Deep jaws and sharp teeth! A fierce little villain, though he lacks my proper tailoring."'' |- |'''Dromaeosauridae''' |''Bambiraptor feinbergi'' |0.9 m (3 ft) long |Small animals, insects |Late Cretaceous (72 Mya) |North America |''"Named after Bambi?! Don't let the cute title fool you—he'd bite your nose off!"'' |- |'''Dromaeosauridae''' |''Deinonychus antirrhopus'' |3.4 m (11 ft) long |Medium herbivores, meat |Early Cretaceous (115–108 Mya) |North America |''"Terrible claw on each foot! Now that's what I call a proper fairytale monster!"'' |- |'''Dromaeosauridae''' |''Hesperonychus elizabethae'' |1 m (3.3 ft) long |Insects, small lizards |Late Cretaceous (75 Mya) |North America |''"A pint-sized predator! I could drop him into a pie and swallow him whole."'' |- |'''Dromaeosauridae''' |''Pyroraptor olympius'' |1.6 m (5.2 ft) long |Meat, small dinosaurs |Late Cretaceous (70.6 Mya) |Europe (France) |''"The Fire Thief! A dramatic name—though he'd struggle to huff and puff a house down."'' |- |'''Dromaeosauridae''' |''Saurornitholestes sullivani'' |1.8 m (6 ft) long |Small mammals, reptiles |Late Cretaceous (73 Mya) |North America |''"Keen sense of smell! Almost as good as mine for sniffing out little girls in red cloaks."'' |- |'''Dromaeosauridae''' |''Utahraptor ostrommaysi'' |5.5–7 m (18–23 ft) long |Large dinosaurs, meat |Early Cretaceous (135–125 Mya) |North America |''"A massive giant raptor! Now HE could blow a brick house down without even trying!"'' |- |'''Dromaeosauridae''' |''Velociraptor osmolskae'' |2 m (6.6 ft) long |Meat, small animals |Late Cretaceous (75–71 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"Quick, clever, and feathered! Quite the cunning rogue, though I'm still the master of disguise."'' |- |'''Archaeopterygidae''' |''Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi'' |0.5 m (1.6 ft) long |Insects, small reptiles |Late Jurassic (150 Mya) |Europe (Germany) |''"Half bird, half reptile! Perfect for a light snack while waiting for Little Red Riding Hood."'' |- |'''Alexornithidae''' |''Alexornis antecedens'' |0.2 m (0.7 ft) long |Insects, seeds |Late Cretaceous (73 Mya) |North America |''"An ancient bird! Hardly a bite-sized appetizer, but entertaining to chase around."'' |} '''Suborder Sauropodomorpha: Infraorder Prosauropoda''' {| class="wikitable" |'''Family''' |'''Name''' |'''Size''' |'''Food''' |'''Lived''' |'''Location''' |'''Dominic West as the Wolf's Comments''' |- |'''Herrerasauridae''' |''Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis'' |3–6 m (10–20 ft) long |Meat, small to medium reptiles |Late Triassic (231.4 Mya) |South America (Argentina) |''"An early flesh-eater! Sharp claws and snappy jaws—a classic villain after my own heart."'' |- |'''Herrerasauridae''' |''Staurikosaurus pricei'' |2.25 m (7.4 ft) long |Small vertebrates, meat |Late Triassic (233.23 Mya) |South America (Brazil) |''"Swift on its hind legs! Perfect for chasing down little girls who wander off the path."'' |- |'''Anchisauridae''' |''Anchisaurus polyzelus'' |2 m (6.6 ft) long |Plants, possibly small prey |Early Jurassic (200–195 Mya) |North America |''"Small and slender! Looks like a bite-sized appetizer before the main course."'' |- |'''Anchisauridae''' |''Efraasia minor'' |6 m (20 ft) long |Plants |Late Triassic (210 Mya) |Europe (Germany) |''"Munching away on shrubs! Utterly peaceful, which makes him far too easy to trick."'' |- |'''Anchisauridae''' |''Smurfette smurfiness'' |0.2 m (0.6 ft) tall |Smurfberries, leaves |Fantasy Triassic |Smurf Village / Forest |''"Blonde hair and a white hat?! What in the name of fairytale madness is this creature doing here?!"'' |- |'''Anchisauridae''' |''Thecodontosaurus antiquus'' |1.2 m (4 ft) long |Plants, leaves |Late Triassic (204 Mya) |Europe (England) |''"Socket-toothed plant eater! A proper British classic, though terribly lacking in meat."'' |- |'''Plateosauridae''' |''Coloradisaurus brevis'' |3–4 m (10–13 ft) long |Plants |Late Triassic (213–227 Mya) |South America (Argentina) |''"Short-snouted leaf chomper! He’d probably mistake Red Riding Hood’s basket for lunch."'' |- |'''Plateosauridae''' |''Massospondylus kaalae'' |4–6 m (13–20 ft) long |Plants |Early Jurassic (200–183 Mya) |Africa (South Africa) |''"Long neck for high branches! Useful for peeking into upper-floor bedroom windows..."'' |- |'''Plateosauridae''' |''Plateosaurus gracilis'' |4–5 m (13–16 ft) long |Plants, foliage |Late Triassic (210 Mya) |Europe (Germany) |''"Heavy body and sharp thumb claws! A bit clumsy, but those claws mean business!"'' |- |'''Melanorosauridae''' |''Lufengosaurus magnus'' |9 m (30 ft) long |Plants, tree tops |Early Jurassic (200–190 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"A giant plant-muncher! You’d need a house made of bricks just to keep this one out."'' |- |'''Melanorosauridae''' |''Riojasaurus incertus'' |10 m (33 ft) long |Plants |Late Triassic (221–210 Mya) |South America (Argentina) |''"Four heavy legs and a long tail! Far too big to fit inside Grandmother's cottage!"'' |} '''Suborder Sauropodomorpha: Infraorder Sauropoda''' {| class="wikitable" |'''Family''' |'''Name''' |'''Size''' |'''Food''' |'''Lived''' |'''Location''' |'''Dominic West as the Wolf's Comments''' |- |'''Cetiosauridae''' |''Barapasaurus tagorei'' |12–14 m (39–46 ft) long |Trees, ferns |Early Jurassic (193–174 Mya) |Asia (India) |''"Big-legged lizard! A walking mountain of meat, but far too heavy for my dinner table."'' |- |'''Cetiosauridae''' |''Jobaria tiguidensis'' |16–18 m (52–59 ft) long |Foliage, high branches |Early Cretaceous (135–130 Mya) |Africa (Niger) |''"Long neck and short tail! He’d strip a whole forest clean before I could even order takeaway."'' |- |'''Cetiosauridae''' |''Patagosaurus fariasi'' |16.5 m (54 ft) long |Tree leaves |Middle Jurassic (165 Mya) |South America (Argentina) |''"An ancient titan! Imagine trying to blow HIS house down—you'd pass out from lack of breath!"'' |- |'''Brachiosauridae''' |''Brachiosaurus altithorax'' |26 m (85 ft) long |High canopy leaves |Late Jurassic (154–150 Mya) |North America, Asia (India) |''"Front legs longer than its back legs! What a grand, towering creature—perfect for top-shelf browsing!"'' |- |'''Brachiosauridae''' |''Europasaurus holgeri'' |6.2 m (20 ft) long |Island vegetation |Late Jurassic (154 Mya) |Europe (Germany) |''"A dwarf sauropod! Finally, a giant dinosaur that could actually fit inside Grandmother's cottage!"'' |- |'''Brachiosauridae''' |''Giraffatitan brancai'' |22–23 m (72–75 ft) long |Tree tops, conifers |Late Jurassic (150 Mya) |Africa (Tanzania) |''"A giant giraffe-lizard! He can look straight into a second-story window without standing on tiptoe!"'' |- |'''Brachiosauridae''' |''Sauroposeidon proteles'' |27–34 m (89–111 ft) long |High treetops |Early Cretaceous (118–110 Mya) |North America |''"Named after the Earthquake God! One step from him and all three pigs' houses collapse at once!"'' |- |'''Camarasauridae''' |''Camarasaurus supremus'' |15–23 m (50–75 ft) long |Tough vegetation |Late Jurassic (155–145 Mya) |North America |''"Chambered vertebrae and chisel teeth! A sturdy fellow, though not nearly as charming as a wolf."'' |- |'''Camarasauridae''' |''Euhelopus zdanskyi'' |15 m (49 ft) long |High foliage |Early Cretaceous (129–113 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"Extra-long neck joints! Excellent for poking around where he doesn't belong."'' |- |'''Camarasauridae''' |''Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii'' |12 m (39 ft) long |Plants, shrubs |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"Armor-less and heavy! A bit stocky for my tastes, but a solid brute nonetheless."'' |- |'''Diplodocidae''' |''Antarctosaurus giganteus'' |30–35 m (98–115 ft) long |Low & medium plants |Late Cretaceous (83 Mya) |South America (Argentina) |''"Southern giant! So massive that even a clever wolf would need a map just to walk around him."'' |- |'''Diplodocidae''' |''Apatosaurus ajax'' |21–23 m (69–75 ft) long |Ferns, low foliage |Late Jurassic (152–151 Mya) |North America |''"Whip-like tail! One snap from that tail and Red Riding Hood's basket goes flying into orbit!"'' |- |'''Diplodocidae''' |''Barosaurus lentus'' |25–27 m (82–89 ft) long |Treetops, low plants |Late Jurassic (152–150 Mya) |North America |''"Heavy-necked giant! Rearing up on two legs like a proper gentleman, though much larger!"'' |- |'''Diplodocidae''' |''Diplodocus hallorum'' |29–33 m (95–108 ft) long |Ferns, horsetails |Late Jurassic (154–152 Mya) |North America |''"Enormously long and thin! Looks like a giant garden hose with teeth."'' |- |'''Diplodocidae''' |''Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum'' |35 m (115 ft) long |Tree foliage |Late Jurassic (160 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"A neck half the length of its body! Talk about a fellow who can't mind his own business!"'' |- |'''Diplodocidae''' |''Supersaurus vivianae'' |39–42 m (128–138 ft) long |Low and high vegetation |Late Jurassic (153 Mya) |North America |''"Super sized indeed! The length of four buses—good luck hiding that in a fairytale forest!"'' |- |'''Titanosauridae''' |''Argentinosaurus huinculensis'' |30–40 m (98–130 ft) long |Treetops, plants |Late Cretaceous (96–92 Mya) |South America (Argentina) |''"The true titan of titans! A single footstep would crush the brick house, the straw house, and the pig!"'' |- |'''Titanosauridae''' |''Dreadnoughtus schrani'' |26 m (85 ft) long |Trees, giant ferns |Late Cretaceous (77 Mya) |South America (Argentina) |''"Fears Nothing! What a marvelous title—though he'd probably fear my wicked wolfish grin."'' |- |'''Titanosauridae''' |''Patagotitan mayorum'' |37 m (121 ft) long |High canopy |Late Cretaceous (101 Mya) |South America (Argentina) |''"A hundred tons of dinosaur! Good heavens, imagine the size of the roast dinner!"'' |- |'''Titanosauridae''' |''Saltasaurus loricatus'' |128 m (42 ft) long |Low vegetation |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |South America (Argentina) |''"Bony armor plates on its back! A giant leaf-eater wearing a chainmail coat—how sensible!"'' |} '''Suborder Cerapoda: Infraorder Ornithopoda''' {| class="wikitable" |'''Family''' |'''Name''' |'''Size''' |'''Food''' |'''Lived''' |'''Location''' |'''Dominic West as the Wolf's Comments''' |- |'''Fabrosauridae''' |''Gongbusaurus wucaiwanensis'' |1.3–1.5 m (4.3–5 ft) long |Low plants |Late Jurassic (160 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"A little green-munching runner! Fast enough to slip right past a hungry wolf!"'' |- |'''Fabrosauridae''' |''Lesothosaurus diagnosticus'' |1 m (3.3 ft) long |Plants, shrubs |Early Jurassic (199–189 Mya) |Africa (Lesotho, South Africa) |''"Sleek, small, and nimble! He'd make a delightful little post-supper snack."'' |- |'''Fabrosauridae''' |''Scutellosaurus lawleri'' |1.2 m (4 ft) long |Plants |Early Jurassic (196 Mya) |North America |''"Bony studs on its back! A bit too crunchy for my delicate palate."'' |- |'''Heterodontosauridae''' |''Echinodon becklesii'' |0.6 m (2 ft) long |Plants, insects |Early Cretaceous (140 Mya) |Europe (England) |''"Prickly jaw with fang-like teeth! Trying to look tough, aren't we?"'' |- |'''Heterodontosauridae''' |''Heterodontosaurus tucki'' |1.2–1.7 m (4–5.6 ft) long |Plants, seeds |Early Jurassic (200–190 Mya) |Africa (South Africa) |''"Different kinds of teeth in one mouth? Sounds like someone stole my dentist's kit!"'' |- |'''Hypsilophodontidae''' |''Callovosaurus leedsi'' |2.5 m (8.2 ft) long |Low plants |Middle Jurassic (165 Mya) |Europe (England) |''"An ancient British leaf-muncher! Very polite, but dreadful in a stew."'' |- |'''Hypsilophodontidae''' |''Dryosaurus elderae'' |2.4–4.3 m (8–14 ft) long |Low foliage |Late Jurassic (155–150 Mya) |North America |''"No front teeth, just a beak! Useful for salad, but useless in a fairytale brawl!"'' |- |'''Hypsilophodontidae''' |''Hypsilophodon foxii'' |1.8–2 m (6–6.6 ft) long |Plants, horsetails |Early Cretaceous (130–125 Mya) |Europe (England, Spain) |''"Small and speedy! He’d sprint right over the Three Little Pigs' houses without stopping!"'' |- |'''Hypsilophodontidae''' |''Leaellynasaura amicagraphica'' |2 m (6.6 ft) long |Polar plants, ferns |Early Cretaceous (118–110 Mya) |Australia |''"Giant night-vision eyes! Excellent for spotting clever wolves hiding in the dark woods!"'' |- |'''Hypsilophodontidae''' |''Qantassaurus intrepidus'' |1.8 m (6 ft) long |Plants, ferns |Early Cretaceous (115 Mya) |Australia |''"Short, deep jaws for tough vegetation! A stubby little fellow with plenty of pluck."'' |- |'''Hypsilophodontidae''' |''Parksosaurus warreni'' |2.5 m (8.2 ft) long |Plants |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |North America |''"Sturdy hind legs! Perfect for hopping away when I burst through the door!"'' |- |'''Hypsilophodontidae''' |''Tenontosaurus dossi'' |6.5–8 m (21–26 ft) long |Plants, ferns |Early Cretaceous (115 Mya) |North America |''"Enormous muscular tail! One swift swipe could knock off my sharp top hat!"'' |- |'''Hypsilophodontidae''' |''Thescelosaurus garbanii'' |2.5–4 m (8–13 ft) long |Low plants |Late Cretaceous (66 Mya) |North America |''"Heavy build for a runner! Looks like he had a few extra helpings of Grandma's pudding."'' |- |'''Hypsilophodontidae''' |''Valdosaurus canaliculatus'' |3 m (10 ft) long |Plants |Early Cretaceous (130–125 Mya) |Europe (England) |''"A forest speedster! Harder to catch than a little girl in a bright red cloak!"'' |- |'''Iguanodontidae''' |''Camptosaurus dispar'' |6 m (20 ft) long |Tough vegetation |Late Jurassic (156–150 Mya) |North America, Europe |''"Heavy beak and cheek teeth! Utterly absorbed in his salad, poor chap."'' |- |'''Iguanodontidae''' |''Hippodraco scutodens'' |4.5 m (15 ft) long |Plants |Early Cretaceous (125 Mya) |North America |''"The Horse Dragon! A grand title for someone who just munches on shrubs."'' |- |'''Iguanodontidae''' |''Iguanodon bernissartensis'' |9–11.9 m (30–39.2 ft) long |Conifers, horsetails |Early Cretaceous (126–113 Mya) |Europe |''"Spike on his thumb! Give him a handshake and you'll end up with a punctured paw!"'' |- |'''Iguanodontidae''' |''Muttaburrasaurus langdoni'' |8 m (26 ft) long |Tough cycads, plants |Early Cretaceous (105–103 Mya) |Australia |''"Hollow snout for loud honking! Perfect for waking up the whole neighborhood!"'' |- |'''Iguanodontidae''' |''Ouranosaurus nigeriensis'' |7–8.3 m (23–27 ft) long |Plants |Early Cretaceous (115 Mya) |Africa (Niger) |''"A giant sail along its spine! Talk about making a grand, dramatic entrance!"'' |- |'''Hadrosauridae''' |''Charonosaurus jiayinensis'' |10 m (33 ft) long |Trees, foliage |Late Cretaceous (66 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"A giant long-crested duckbill! Honking loud enough to blow a straw house down!"'' |- |'''Hadrosauridae''' |''Corythosaurus casuarius'' |9 m (30 ft) long |Conifer needles, leaves |Late Cretaceous (77–75.7 Mya) |North America |''"A helmet-shaped crest on its head! Looks like he's dressed for a medieval pageant!"'' |- |'''Hadrosauridae''' |''Edmontosaurus regalis'' |12 m (39 ft) long |Plants, pine needles |Late Cretaceous (73 Mya) |North America |''"Fleshy comb on its head! Looks like a giant, featherless rooster with a duck bill!"'' |- |'''Hadrosauridae''' |''Hypacrosaurus stebingeri'' |9 m (30 ft) long |Trees, shrubs |Late Cretaceous (75 Mya) |North America |''"High-spined duckbill with a rounded helmet! Truly a monster of supreme style!"'' |- |'''Hadrosauridae''' |''Kritosaurus navajovius'' |9 m (30 ft) long |Plants |Late Cretaceous (73 Mya) |North America |''"A big hooked nose! Almost as magnificent as my own snout for sniffing out snacks!"'' |- |'''Hadrosauridae''' |''Lambeosaurus magnicristatus'' |9–10 m (30–33 ft) long |Plants, leaves |Late Cretaceous (75 Mya) |North America |''"Hatchet-shaped crest on its head! Looks like he's carrying his own chopping axe!"'' |- |'''Hadrosauridae''' |''Maiasaura peeblesorum'' |9 m (30 ft) long |Berries, leaves, wood |Late Cretaceous (76.7 Mya) |North America |''"The Good Mother Lizard! How sweet—she'd probably bake a pie for Little Red Riding Hood!"'' |- |'''Hadrosauridae''' |''Olorotitan arharensis'' |8–12 m (26–39 ft) long |Plants, foliage |Late Cretaceous (70–66 Mya) |Asia (Russia) |''"A fan-shaped crest pointed backward! A touch of elegance for a giant herbivore."'' |- |'''Hadrosauridae''' |''Parasaurolophus walkeri'' |9.5 m (31 ft) long |Leaves, pine needles |Late Cretaceous (76.5–73 Mya) |North America |''"A seven-foot trumpet on its skull! He could play a fanfare before I devour him!"'' |- |'''Hadrosauridae''' |''Saurolophus osborni'' |9.8 m (32 ft) long |Plants |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |North America |''"Spike crest pointing straight back! Very sharp, very neat, very respectable."'' |- |'''Hadrosauridae''' |''Shantungosaurus giganteus'' |15 m (49 ft) long |High foliage, trees |Late Cretaceous (73 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"The largest duckbill on Earth! A massive creature that could flatten a brick cottage in one step!"'' |- |'''Hadrosauridae''' |''Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus'' |8.3 m (27 ft) long |Plants, leaves |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"A unicorn horn sticking off its nose! Fairytales really ARE coming to life!"'' |} '''Suborder Cerapoda: Infraorder Ceratopia''' {| class="wikitable" |'''Family''' |'''Name''' |'''Size''' |'''Food''' |'''Lived''' |'''Location''' |'''Dominic West as the Wolf's Comments''' |- |'''Pachycephalosauridae''' |''Alaskacephale gangloffi'' |2.4 m (8 ft) long |Plants, seeds |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |North America (Alaska) |''"Thick skull in the chilly North! He’d smash right through a brick wall without getting a headache."'' |- |'''Pachycephalosauridae''' |''Dracorex hogwartsia'' |3 m (10 ft) long |Plants, shrubs |Late Cretaceous (66 Mya) |North America |''"Dragon King of Hogwarts! Sounds like a fairytale character trying to steal my spotlight!"'' |- |'''Pachycephalosauridae''' |''Goyocephale lattimorei'' |1.8 m (6 ft) long |Low plants, seeds |Late Cretaceous (76 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"Flat-headed bonehead! A bit rough around the edges, but great for bashing open locked doors."'' |- |'''Pachycephalosauridae''' |''Homalocephale calathocercos'' |1.8 m (6 ft) long |Plants, foliage |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"Flat head with wide hips! Looks like someone dropped a heavy anvil right on his noggin."'' |- |'''Pachycephalosauridae''' |''Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis'' |4.5 m (15 ft) long |Plants, seeds, fruit |Late Cretaceous (70–66 Mya) |North America |''"Nine inches of solid bone! Give him a running start and no pig's house stands a chance!"'' |- |'''Pachycephalosauridae''' |''Prenocephale prenes'' |2.4 m (8 ft) long |Plants, seeds |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"A round helmet head! Perfect for playing bowling with Goldilocks' porridge bowls."'' |- |'''Pachycephalosauridae''' |''Stygimoloch spinifer'' |2–3 m (6.6–10 ft) long |Plants |Late Cretaceous (66 Mya) |North America |''"Thorny horns sticking out the back! Looks like a demon straight out of a bedtime story!"'' |- |'''Pachycephalosauridae''' |''Wannanosaurus yansiensis'' |0.6 m (2 ft) long |Plants, insects |Late Cretaceous (72 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"A tiny bonehead! I could pick him up and throw him straight down Grandmother's chimney."'' |- |'''Psittacosauridae''' |''Psittacosaurus meileyingensis'' |2 m (6.6 ft) long |Tough plants, seeds |Early Cretaceous (125–120 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"A parrot-lizard with tail bristles! What a bizarre little feathered mop!"'' |- |'''Protoceratopidae''' |''Auroraceratops rugosus'' |1.2 m (4 ft) long |Low vegetation |Early Cretaceous (115 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"Rough-faced horned face! A primitive fellow who forgot to grow proper horns."'' |- |'''Protoceratopidae''' |''Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi'' |1 m (3.3 ft) long |Low plants |Late Cretaceous (80 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"Small horned face! Hardly bigger than a sheep, but with a beak sharp enough to nip my tail."'' |- |'''Protoceratopidae''' |''Leptoceratops gracilis'' |2 m (6.6 ft) long |Tough plants, ferns |Late Cretaceous (66 Mya) |North America |''"No brow horns, just a heavy jaw! A stubborn little beast who refuses to run away."'' |- |'''Protoceratopidae''' |''Microceratus gobiensis'' |0.6 m (2 ft) long |Leaves, fronds |Late Cretaceous (85 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"Bipedal pint-sized ceratopsian! Run, little lizard, before I turn you into a snack!"'' |- |'''Protoceratopidae''' |''Montanoceratops cerorhynchus'' |3 m (10 ft) long |Plants |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |North America |''"Nose horn and a thick tail! Getting closer to a proper monster, but still short on style."'' |- |'''Protoceratopidae''' |''Protoceratops hellenikorhinus'' |2–2.5 m (6.6–8.2 ft) long |Low plants |Late Cretaceous (75 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"The sheep of the Cretaceous! Magnificent frill, but entirely lacking in proper manners."'' |- |'''Protoceratopidae''' |''Zuniceratops christopheri'' |2.2 m (7.2 ft) long |Plants, shrubs |Late Cretaceous (92 Mya) |North America |''"Brow horns on a small body! The pioneer of pointiness—I like his aggressive attitude!"'' |- |'''Ceratopidae''' |''Avaceratops lammersi'' |2.3–4.2 m (7.5–14 ft) long |Plants, cycads |Late Cretaceous (75 Mya) |North America |''"Short frill and heavy beak! A compact little tank, though easily outsmarted."'' |- |'''Ceratopidae''' |''Centrosaurus apertus'' |5.5 m (18 ft) long |Low vegetation |Late Cretaceous (76 Mya) |North America |''"A massive horn over his nose and hooks on his frill! Now THAT is a wicked silhouette!"'' |- |'''Ceratopidae''' |''Chasmosaurus belli'' |4.8–5.2 m (16–17 ft) long |Ferns, cycads |Late Cretaceous (76 Mya) |North America |''"An enormous heart-shaped frill! Looks like he's wearing a giant picture frame around his neck!"'' |- |'''Ceratopidae''' |''Diabloceratops eatoni'' |5.5 m (18 ft) long |Plants |Late Cretaceous (80 Mya) |North America |''"Devil-horned face! A devilishly handsome fellow—almost as menacing as myself!"'' |- |'''Ceratopidae''' |''Lokiceratops rangiformis'' |6.7 m (22 ft) long |Plants, foliage |Late Cretaceous (78 Mya) |North America |''"Giant curved blade horns on its frill! Named after Loki? A true trickster's dinosaur!"'' |- |'''Ceratopidae''' |''Nasutoceratops titusi'' |4.5 m (15 ft) long |Plants, shrubs |Late Cretaceous (75 Mya) |North America |''"Big-nosed face with bull horns! Splendid costume, though a bit heavy on the nose."'' |- |'''Ceratopidae''' |''Pachyrhinosaurus lakustai'' |6 m (20 ft) long |Tough vegetation |Late Cretaceous (73 Mya) |North America |''"A giant bony boss on its nose instead of a horn! Looks like he rammed one too many brick houses!"'' |- |'''Ceratopidae''' |''Sinoceratops zhuchengensis'' |6 m (20 ft) long |Plants, fronds |Late Cretaceous (73 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"Forward-curving frill horns! Looks like a crown fit for a fairytale king."'' |- |'''Ceratopidae''' |''Styracosaurus ovatus'' |5.5 m (18 ft) long |Low plants |Late Cretaceous (75 Mya) |North America |''"Spikes exploding off his neck frill! Talk about an over-the-top defensive outfit!"'' |- |'''Ceratopidae''' |''Torosaurus latus'' |7.5–9 m (25–30 ft) long |Plants, cycads |Late Cretaceous (68–66 Mya) |North America |''"The largest skull of any land animal! Enormous frill—you could write a whole story on it!"'' |- |'''Ceratopidae''' |''Triceratops horridus'' |8–9 m (26–30 ft) long |Low vegetation, palm fronds |Late Cretaceous (68–66 Mya) |North America |''"Three giant horns and a solid shield! The ultimate heavy-hitter—even a clever wolf gives him space!"'' |} '''Suborder Thyreophora: Infraorder Stegosauria''' {| class="wikitable" |'''Family''' |'''Name''' |'''Size''' |'''Food''' |'''Lived''' |'''Location''' |'''Dominic West as the Wolf's Comments''' |- |'''Stegosauridae''' |''Chungkingosaurus jiangbeiensis'' |4 m (13 ft) long |Low plants, cycads |Late Jurassic (160 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"Five tail spikes instead of four?! Talk about an unnecessary display of hostility!"'' |- |'''Stegosauridae''' |''Dacentrurus armatus'' |7–8 m (23–26 ft) long |Low vegetation, ferns |Late Jurassic (154–150 Mya) |Europe (UK, Portugal, Spain) |''"Paired spikes down its back! A proper European brute—I'd rather face a house of bricks!"'' |- |'''Stegosauridae''' |''Gigantspinosaurus sichuanensis'' |4.2 m (14 ft) long |Low plants |Late Jurassic (160 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"Giant shoulder spines! How on earth does he fit through a standard cottage doorway?!"'' |- |'''Stegosauridae''' |''Kentrosaurus aethiopicus'' |4.5 m (15 ft) long |Low plants |Late Jurassic (152 Mya) |Africa (Tanzania) |''"Spikes covering half its body! Good luck taking a bite out of this prickly pincushion!"'' |- |'''Stegosauridae''' |''Lexovisaurus durobrivensis'' |5 m (16.4 ft) long |Low plants |Middle Jurassic (165 Mya) |Europe (England, France) |''"Flat plates and shoulder armor! A very posh, well-defended fellow from Old England."'' |- |'''Stegosauridae''' |''Miragaia longicollum'' |6 m (20 ft) long |Low & medium plants |Late Jurassic (150 Mya) |Europe (Portugal) |''"An extra-long neck on a plated dinosaur! A bit greedy if you ask me—leave some leaves for the rest of us!"'' |- |'''Stegosauridae''' |''Stegosaurus stenops'' |10.1 m (33.1 ft) long |Ferns, cycads, mosses |Late Jurassic (155–150 Mya) |North America |''"Plates on its back and a thagomizer on its tail! Magnificent weaponry, but a brain the size of a walnut!"'' |- |'''Stegosauridae''' |''Tuojiangosaurus multispinus'' |7 m (23 ft) long |Low plants |Late Jurassic (160–155 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"Narrow head and tall back plates! Look at him strutting around like he owns the Jurassic forest!"'' |- |'''Stegosauridae''' |''Wuerhosaurus ordosensis'' |7 m (23 ft) long |Low foliage |Early Cretaceous (132–113 Mya) |Asia (China) |''"Flat, rectangular back plates! Looks like someone shaved off the top of his spikes!"'' |- |'''Scelidosauridae''' |''Scelidosaurus harrisonii'' |4 m (13 ft) long |Low plants |Early Jurassic (191 Mya) |Europe (England) |''"An early armored pioneer! Covered in bony studs—a bit like wearing a heavy tweed suit to dinner."'' |} '''Suborder Thyreophora: Infraorder Ankylosauria''' {| class="wikitable" |'''Family''' |'''Name''' |'''Size''' |'''Food''' |'''Lived''' |'''Location''' |'''Dominic West as the Wolf's Comments''' |- |'''Nodosauridae''' |''Edmontonia rugosidens'' |6.6 m (22 ft) long |Low plants, cycads |Late Cretaceous (76.5 Mya) |North America |''"Giant shoulder spikes pointing forward! Try sneaking up on him and you'll end up skewered like a cocktail sausage!"'' |- |'''Nodosauridae''' |''Gastonia lorriemcwhinneyae'' |5 m (16.4 ft) long |Low plants |Early Cretaceous (125 Mya) |North America |''"Shearing side spikes! One bad move and he'll slice my dapper wool suit right to ribbons."'' |- |'''Nodosauridae''' |''Nodosaurus textilis'' |4.8–6 m (16–20 ft) long |Low vegetation |Late Cretaceous (99 Mya) |North America |''"Knobbed armor plates across its back! Looks like a giant, walking cobblestone street."'' |- |'''Nodosauridae''' |''Panoplosaurus mirus'' |5–7 m (16–23 ft) long |Low plants |Late Cretaceous (76 Mya) |North America |''"Completely armored head to tail! He makes the Three Little Pigs' brick house look positively flimsy!"'' |- |'''Nodosauridae''' |''Sauropelta edwardsorum'' |5.2 m (17 ft) long |Low foliage |Early Cretaceous (108 Mya) |North America |''"Enormous neck spines! Splendid defense—though I imagine it makes sleeping on his side dreadful."'' |- |'''Nodosauridae''' |''Silvisaurus condrayi'' |4 m (13 ft) long |Plants, ferns |Early Cretaceous (100 Mya) |North America |''"Armored forest lizard! Good luck blowing HIM out of the woods—he's anchored down tight!"'' |- |'''Nodosauridae''' |''Struthiosaurus transylvanicus'' |2–2.5 m (6.6–8.2 ft) long |Low plants |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |Europe (Romania) |''"An island dwarf from Transylvania! A tiny armored monster—vampires wouldn't stand a chance!"'' |- |'''Ankylosauridae''' |''Ankylosaurus magniventris'' |6–11 m (20–36 ft) long |Low plants, shrubs |Late Cretaceous (68–66 Mya) |North America |''"Heavy armor AND a massive tail club! One swing and he'd send a wicked wolf straight into next week!"'' |- |'''Ankylosauridae''' |''Euoplocephalus tutus'' |5.3–6 m (17–20 ft) long |Low plants |Late Cretaceous (76.4 Mya) |North America |''"Armored eyelids! GOOD HEAVENS, even his eyeballs wear protective gear! Talk about paranoid!"'' |- |'''Ankylosauridae''' |''Minmi paravertebral'' |2–3 m (6.6–10 ft) long |Seeds, low plants |Early Cretaceous (120 Mya) |Australia |''"Bony plates along its spine! A cute little tank from Down Under, perfect for keeping as a guard dog."'' |- |'''Ankylosauridae''' |''Saichania chulsanensis'' |5.2 m (17 ft) long |Desert plants, shrubs |Late Cretaceous (75 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"Complex nasal passages! Excellent for filtering dust, though not half as refined as my own snout."'' |- |'''Ankylosauridae''' |''Scolosaurus thronus'' |6 m (20 ft) long |Low foliage |Late Cretaceous (76.5 Mya) |North America |''"Long, sharp tail club spikes! The ultimate weapon for keeping nosy storytellers at bay."'' |- |'''Ankylosauridae''' |''Talarurus plicatospineus'' |5 m (16.4 ft) long |Low plants |Late Cretaceous (90 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"A low-slung, heavy-set brute! Moving at a snail's pace, but entirely impossible to bite!"'' |- |'''Ankylosauridae''' |''Tarchia teresae'' |8 m (26 ft) long |Desert vegetation |Late Cretaceous (70 Mya) |Asia (Mongolia) |''"The Brainy One! Big skull, thick spikes, heavy club—a proper villainous heavy-hitter!"'' |} '''Suborder Rhamphorhynchoidea''' {| class="wikitable" |'''Family''' |'''Name''' |'''Size''' |'''Food''' |'''Lived''' |'''Location''' |'''Dominic West as the Wolf's Comments''' |- |'''Dimorphodontidae''' |''Dimorphodon macronyx'' |1 m (3.3 ft) wingspan, 1 m long |Insects, small vertebrates, fish |Early Jurassic (195–190 Mya) |Europe (England) |''"A oversized skull with two distinct sets of teeth! Looks like a puffin had a dreadful encounter with a dragon!"'' |- |'''Dimorphodontidae''' |''Dorygnathus banthensis'' |1.5 m (5 ft) wingspan |Fish, small aquatic prey |Early Jurassic (180 Mya) |Europe (Germany) |''"Spear-like teeth jutting out at terrifying angles! I'd need a rather sturdy umbrella if he came swooping down!"'' |- |'''Eudimorphodontidae''' |''Eudimorphodon ranzii'' |1 m (3.3 ft) wingspan |Fish, insects |Late Triassic (210 Mya) |Europe (Italy) |''"Over a hundred complex multi-cusped teeth! Excellent dental hygiene, though a bit showing off if you ask me!"'' |- |'''Rhamphorhynchidae''' |''Anurognathus ammoni'' |50 cm (20 in) wingspan, 9 cm long |Insects, nocturnal bugs |Late Jurassic (150 Mya) |Europe (Germany) |''"A tiny, wide-mouthed night-flier! Reminds me of a fluffy bat—delightful little snack, were he easier to catch!"'' |- |'''Rhamphorhynchidae''' |''Rhamphorhynchus etchesi'' |1.2 m (4 ft) wingspan |Fish, squid |Late Jurassic (150 Mya) |Europe (England) |''"A long, stiff tail ending in a leafy vane! Steering like a proper nautical vessel while diving for fish!"'' |- |'''Rhamphorhynchidae''' |''Scaphognathus crassirostris'' |0.9 m (3 ft) wingspan |Fish, terrestrial animals |Late Jurassic (150 Mya) |Europe (Germany) |''"Tubby snout and blunt jaws! Less of a delicate flyer and more of a clumsy feathered bludgeon in the sky!"'' |- |'''Rhamphorhynchidae''' |''Sordes pilosus'' |0.5 m (1.6 ft) wingspan |Insects, small prey |Late Jurassic (155 Mya) |Asia (Kazakhstan) |''"Covered head to tail in a thick coat of pycnofibers! Uncannily fuzzy—looks like a winged coat muff with teeth!"'' |} '''Suborder Pterodactyloidea''' {| class="wikitable" |'''Family''' |'''Name''' |'''Size''' |'''Food''' |'''Lived''' |'''Location''' |'''Dominic West as the Wolf's Comments''' |- |'''Tapejaridae''' |''Caiuajara dobruskii'' |2.3 m (7.5 ft) wingspan |Fruits, seeds |Early Cretaceous (85 Mya) |South America (Brazil) |''"A massive sail-like crest on its head! Looks as though he's crash-landed headfirst into a giant sail!"'' |- |'''Anhangueridae''' |''Cearadactylus atrox'' |4 m (13 ft) wingspan |Fish, aquatic prey |Early Cretaceous (112 Mya) |South America (Brazil) |''"Interlocking, kinked jaws packed with needle-sharp teeth! A nightmare for fish—and terribly unsavory table manners!"'' |- |'''Ornithocheiridae''' |''Geosternbergia sternbergi'' |3–6 m (10–20 ft) wingspan |Fish |Late Cretaceous (88–80 Mya) |North America |''"A grand, upright head crest! Highly dramatic, though I imagine crosswinds give him a proper headache!"'' |- |'''Ornithocheiridae''' |''Pteranodon longiceps'' |5.6–7 m (18–23 ft) wingspan |Fish |Late Cretaceous (86–84 Mya) |North America |''"Toothless beak and a long backward crest! Swooping down over the waves like an over-ambitious pelican!"'' |- |'''Ornithocheiridae''' |''Quetzalcoatlus lawsoni'' |4.5–21 m (15–70.5 ft) wingspan |Small animals, carrion |Late Cretaceous (67–66 Mya) |North America |''"A giraffe-sized stork of sheer terror! Stalking about on four legs looking for a tasty red-hooded snack!"'' |- |'''Pterodaustriidae''' |''Pterodaustro guinazui'' |2.5 m (8.2 ft) wingspan |Plankton, small crustaceans |Early Cretaceous (105 Mya) |South America (Argentina) |''"Over a thousand bristle-like teeth! Imagine using a giant comb as a mouth to scoop up pond scum—utterly dreadful!"'' |} '''Prehistoric Marine Monsters & Ancient Reptiles''' {| class="wikitable" |'''Family''' |'''Name''' |'''Size''' |'''Food''' |'''Lived''' |'''Location''' |'''Dominic West as the Wolf's Comments''' |- |'''Otodontidae''' |''Otodus megalodon'' |15–20 m (50–65 ft) long |Whales, large marine mammals |Early Miocene to Pliocene (23–3.6 Mya) |Worldwide |''"Teeth as large as my own dinner plates! A beast that treats a blue whale like a light mid-afternoon snack!"'' |- |'''Dunkleosteidae''' |''Dunkleosteus amblyodoratus'' |4–6 m (13–20 ft) long |Fish, early sharks, armored prey |Late Devonian (382–358 Mya) |North America |''"Shearing bone plates instead of proper teeth! A swimming ironclad guillotine with an appalling overbite!"'' |- |'''Ichthyosauridae''' |''Ichthyosaurus conybeari'' |2–3 m (6.6–10 ft) long |Fish, squid |Early Jurassic (200–190 Mya) |Europe (UK) |''"Looks just like a dolphin, but don't let that fool you—he's a cold-blooded reptilian speedster!"'' |- |'''Leptonectidae''' |''Eurhinosaurus huenei'' |6 m (20 ft) long |Small fish, squid |Early Jurassic (180 Mya) |Europe (Germany) |''"An upper jaw twice as long as the lower one! Like a sawfish went to a fancy dress party as a dolphin!"'' |- |'''Ophthalmosauridae''' |''Ophthalmosaurus icenicus'' |6 m (20 ft) long |Deep-sea squid, fish |Mid to Late Jurassic (165–150 Mya) |Europe, North America |''"Eyeballs the size of dinner platters! Perfect for spying on unsuspecting victims lurking in the dark depths!"'' |- |'''Plesiosauridae''' |''Elasmosaurus platyurus'' |10.3 m (34 ft) long |Small fish, squid |Late Cretaceous (80.5 Mya) |North America |''"A neck longer than his entire body and tail combined! Extremely handy for snatching food from the next county!"'' |- |'''Plesiosauridae''' |''Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus'' |3.5 m (11.5 ft) long |Fish, belemnites |Early Jurassic (195–190 Mya) |Europe (UK) |''"The classic sea-serpent silhouette! A serpent threaded through the shell of a turtle—most peculiar!"'' |- |'''Plesiosauridae''' |''Trinacromerum kirki'' |3 m (10 ft) long |Fast fish, cephalopods |Late Cretaceous (90 Mya) |North America |''"A short-necked plesiosaur built like a underwater torpedo! Built for high-speed sea chases!"'' |- |'''Pliosauridae''' |''Attenborosaurus conybeari'' |5 m (16.4 ft) long |Fish, marine reptiles |Early Jurassic (190 Mya) |Europe (UK) |''"Named after Sir David himself! An elegant hunter, though I doubt he shares Sir David's soothing voice."'' |- |'''Pliosauridae''' |''Kronosaurus queenslandicus'' |9–10 m (30–33 ft) long |Large fish, plesiosaurs, turtles |Early Cretaceous (120–100 Mya) |Australia |''"Massive crushing jaws and paddle flippers! The absolute apex predator of the ancient Australian seas!"'' |- |'''Pliosauridae''' |''Liopleurodon ferox'' |5–7 m (16–23 ft) long |Fish, squid, marine reptiles |Middle to Late Jurassic (160–155 Mya) |Europe |''"Stereo-smell nostrils to track blood in the water! You can run, but you certainly can't hide your scent!"'' |- |'''Mosasauridae''' |''Clidastes propython'' |2–4 m (6.6–13 ft) long |Small fish, sea birds |Late Cretaceous (80 Mya) |North America |''"A slender, snake-like sea lizard! Slinking through the waves like an oversized garden hose with sharp teeth!"'' |- |'''Mosasauridae''' |''Jormungandr walhallaensis'' |7–8 m (23–26 ft) long |Fish, plesiosaurs |Late Cretaceous (80 Mya) |North America |''"Named after the Midgard Serpent of Norse legend! A proper mythic monster made flesh and bone!"'' |- |'''Mosasauridae''' |''Mosasaurus beaugei'' |10–12 m (33–40 ft) long |Turtles, large fish, ammonites |Late Cretaceous (70–66 Mya) |Africa (Morocco) |''"A heavy-set ocean tyrant! Packing a second row of teeth in the roof of its mouth—absolutely greedy!"'' |- |'''Varanidae''' |''Megalania priscus'' |5.5–7 m (18–23 ft) long |Mammals, birds, reptiles |Pleistocene (50,000 yrs ago) |Australia |''"A giant venomous land monitor lizard! Imagine a Komodo dragon scaled up to the size of a delivery truck!"'' |} '''Synapsids & Early Mammaliaforms''' {| class="wikitable" |'''Family''' |'''Name''' |'''Size''' |'''Food''' |'''Lived''' |'''Location''' |'''Dominic West as the Wolf's Comments''' |- |'''Sphenacodontidae''' |''Dimetrodon grandis'' |3.1–4.6 m (10–15 ft) long |Fish, amphibians, early reptiles |Early Permian (280–270 Mya) |North America |''"A massive sail on its back! People call him a dinosaur, but he’s closer to us mammals—a distant cousin with terrible posture!"'' |- |'''Lystrosauridae''' |''Lystrosaurus curvatus'' |0.6–2.5 m (2–8.2 ft) long |Roots, tubers, low vegetation |Late Permian to Early Triassic (255–250 Mya) |Antarctica, South Africa, Asia |''"A pig-like burrower with tusked jaws! He survived the greatest extinction in history—a tough little beast, though not particularly handsome."'' |- |'''Geikiidae''' |''Bulbasaurus phylloxyron'' |0.8–1 m (2.6–3.3 ft) long |Vegetation, roots |Late Permian (259–254 Mya) |South Africa |''"A dicynodont with a horned beak! Sounds suspiciously like a pocket monster, but I assure you he’s a proper Permian plant-eater."'' |- |'''Alphadontidae''' |''Alphadon halleyi'' |30 cm (12 in) long |Insects, fruit, small eggs |Late Cretaceous (75–66 Mya) |North America |''"A tiny opossum-like creature scurrying under the feet of giants! Proof that the best things come in small, furry packages."'' |} == Paraga == === Manungsa === * Hailee Steinfeld minangka Charlie Watson * [[John Cena]] minangka Jack Burns * Jorge Lendeborg Jr. minangka Guillermo "Memo" Gutierrez * John Ortiz minangka Dr. Powell * Jason Drucker minangka Otis Watson * Pamela Adlon minangka Sally Watson * Stephen Schneider minangka Ron * Glynn Turman minangka General Whalen * Len Cariou minangka Hank * Gracie Dzienny minangka Tina Lark * Ricardo Hoyos minangka Tripp Summers * Fred Dryer minangka Sheriff Lock * Lenny Jacobson minangka Roy * Megyn Price minangka Amber, pacar Roy * Nick Pilla minangka Seymour Simmons * Edwin Hodge minangka Danny Bell * Tim Martin Gleason minangka Pak Watson * Rachel Crow minangka Boardwalk Patron / Student * Abby Quinn minangka Boardwalk Patron === ''Transformer'' === * Dylan O'Brien minangka swara saka [[Bumblebee]]<ref name="ign-dylan">{{Cite web|url=https://uk.ign.com/articles/2018/12/03/transformers-bumblebee-movie-voice-actor-dylan-obrien|title=Bumblebee Voice Actor Revealed|last=Vejvoda|first=Jim|date=December 3, 2018|website=[[IGN]]|access-date=December 3, 2018}}</ref> * Angela Bassett minangka swara Shatter <ref name="EWeekly">{{Cite web|url=http://ew.com/movies/2018/07/13/bumblebee-decepticon-trackers-first-look/|title=First Look: Bumblebee unveils two new Decepticon muscle cars|last=Breznican|first=Anthony|date=July 13, 2018|publisher=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713170612/http://ew.com/movies/2018/07/13/bumblebee-decepticon-trackers-first-look/|archive-date=July 13, 2018|url-status=live|access-date=July 13, 2018}}</ref> * Justin Theroux minangka swara Dropkick * Peter Cullen minangka swara saka [[Optimus Prime]] * David Sobolov minangka swara saka Blitzwing * Grey Griffin minangka swara saka [[Arcee]] * Steve Blum minangka swara saka Wheeljack * Andrew Morgado minangka swara Cliffjumper * Jon Bailey minangka swara saka: ** [[Shockwave (Transformers)|Shockwave]] <ref name="Hollywood Reporter trailer">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/how-bumblebee-trailer-redesigns-transformers-a-new-era-1146549|title=How 'Bumblebee' Trailer Demonstrates Best of Both Worlds|last=McMillan|first=Graeme|date=September 24, 2018|website=The Hollywood Reporter|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928043928/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/how-bumblebee-trailer-redesigns-transformers-a-new-era-1146549|archive-date=September 28, 2018|url-status=live|access-date=September 27, 2018|3=}}</ref> ** Soundwave, * Dennis Singletary minangka Ratchet == Terusan == Ing Desember 2018, nalika takon babagan masa depan waralaba ''Transformers'', produser Lorenzo di Bonaventura nyatakaké yèn "filem ''Transformers''" bakal diprodhuksi lan bakal dadi "béda saka sing wis kita wis rampungi sadurungé." Dhèwèké nyatakaké proses kasebut minangka "evolusi", ngendikané "Ana kebébasan liyané tinimbang sing tak pikir babagan apa sing bisa kita tindakaké". Sawisé sukses saka ''Bumblebee'', dhèwèké ngakoni yèn seri kasebut bakal nimbulaké sawatara owah-owahan ing nada lan gaya, sing diilhami déning film kasebut.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.slashfilm.com/transformers-reboot/|title=The Next 'Transformers' Movie Won't Be a Reboot, But It Will Be "Different" [Exclusive]|last=Topel|first=Fred|date=December 10, 2018|website=/Film|access-date=January 21, 2019}}</ref> Direktur Travis Knight ngandhani yèn tujuané dhèwèké ya iku mbalèkaké menyang studio animasi Laika,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/travis-knight-bumblebee-guardians-galaxy-3/|title=Bumblebee's Travis Knight Says He's Not Directing Guardians of the Galaxy 3|last=Bacon|first=Cooper Hood|date=December 4, 2018|website=ScreenRant|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190125183145/https://screenrant.com/travis-knight-bumblebee-guardians-galaxy-3/|archive-date=January 25, 2019|url-status=live|access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref> sanajan dhèwèké ngakoni yèn dhèwèké duwé gagasan sawatara kanggo sekuel ''Bumblebee'' .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/bumblebee-sequel-ideas-travis-knight/|title=Bumblebee Director Already Has Ideas for a Potential Sequel|last=Bacon|first=Thomas|date=December 24, 2018|website=ScreenRant|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190125183200/https://screenrant.com/bumblebee-sequel-ideas-travis-knight/|archive-date=January 25, 2019|url-status=live|access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref> Miturut Januari 2019, John Cena mènèhi kaprigelan kanggo ngrampungaké perané sajroné seri terusan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2464557/john-cena-would-love-to-make-a-sequel-to-bumblebee|title=John Cena Would Love To Make A Sequel To Bumblebee|last=Carbone|first=Gina|date=January 4, 2019|website=CinemaBlend|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190125130923/https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2464557/john-cena-would-love-to-make-a-sequel-to-bumblebee|archive-date=January 25, 2019|url-status=live|access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref> Sabanjuré ing sasi iki, terusan filem diumumaké bakal digawé, amarga bakal ana pamuteran ing box office internasional.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2019/01/bumblebee-crosses-400-million-worldwide-box-office-next-for-transformers-franchise-1202538143/|title='Bumblebee' Buzzes Past $400M WW – What's Next For The Autobots|last=Tartaglione|first=Nancy|date=January 19, 2019|website=Deadline|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123173426/https://deadline.com/2019/01/bumblebee-crosses-400-million-worldwide-box-office-next-for-transformers-franchise-1202538143/|archive-date=January 23, 2019|url-status=live|access-date=January 24, 2019}}</ref> Ing wulan Maret 2019, di Bonaventura dikonfirmasi dhèwèké lagi ngembangaké naskah kanggo sekuel ''Bumblebee'' .<ref name="cbr.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbr.com/transformers-last-knight-sequel/|title=Transformers: The Last Knight is Getting a Sequel|last=Nolan|first=L.D.|date=March 16, 2019|website=[[Comic Book Resources]]}}</ref> == Rujukan == {{Reflist|refs=<ref name=FirstAnnounced>{{cite news|last1=Perry|first1=Spencer|title=2018 Transformers Movie is a Bumblebee Spin-Off Film|url=http://www.comingsoon.net/movies/news/656729-2018-transformers-movie-is-a-bumblebee-spin-off-film|access-date=February 20, 2016|work=ComingSoon.net|date=February 12, 2016|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6heIDipOS?url=http://www.comingsoon.net/movies/news/656729-2018-transformers-movie-is-a-bumblebee-spin-off-film|archive-date=May 20, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="WriterHodson">{{cite news|last1=Fleming Jr|first1=Mike |title=Paramount Buzzing Over Christina Hodson 'Bumblebee' Transformers Spinoff Script|url=http://deadline.com/2016/11/transformers-bumblebee-christina-hodson-script-paramount-pictures-spinoff-script-1201852869/|access-date=November 12, 2016|work=Deadline|date=November 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161112142146/https://deadline.com/2016/11/transformers-bumblebee-christina-hodson-script-paramount-pictures-spinoff-script-1201852869/|archive-date=November 12, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name=TravisKnightDirector>{{cite web|url=http://deadline.com/2017/03/bumblebee-movie-travis-knight-director-kubo-and-the-two-strings-1202034882/|title=Travis Knight To Direct 'Transformers' Spinoff 'Bumblebee' At Paramount|publisher=Deadline|last=Busch|first=Anita|date=March 2, 2017|access-date=March 3, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170303021928/http://deadline.com/2017/03/bumblebee-movie-travis-knight-director-kubo-and-the-two-strings-1202034882/|archive-date=March 3, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="TFW2005">{{cite news|last1=Optimus|first1=Silver|title=Empire Magazine Article On Transformers Cinematic Universe – Transformers News – TFW2005|url=http://news.tfw2005.com/2017/05/21/empire-magazine-article-transformers-cinematic-universe-339299|access-date=June 14, 2017|work=TFW2005.COM|date=May 21, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170618121920/http://news.tfw2005.com/2017/05/21/empire-magazine-article-transformers-cinematic-universe-339299|archive-date=June 18, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>}} == Pranala njaba == * [http://www.bumblebeemovie.com/ Situs web resmi] * {{IMDb title|4701182}} {{Portal|United States|Film in the United States|California|Science Fiction|2010s}} [[Kategori:Filem abasa Inggris]] [[Kategori:Kaca mawa pertalan kang durung kapriksa]] [[Kategori:Filem]] 8ao7q9xd65p8atv3eyogi6u0nkp0e5e 1756475 1756474 2026-09-15T06:08:56Z Saroj 31765 Besutané [[Special:Contributions/357dsfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffkevinjia|357dsfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffkevinjia]] ([[User talk:357dsfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffkevinjia|rembugan]]) dipulihaké ing révisi pungkasan garapané [[User:Badak Jawa|Badak Jawa]] 1755752 wikitext text/x-wiki '''''Bumblebee''''' ya iku minangka filem fiksi ilmiah saka [[Amérikah Sarékat]] taun 2018. Filem iki musataké karakter ''Transformers'' kanthi jeneng sing padha. Bumblebee dirilis déning travis Knight lan ditulis déning Christina Hodson. Bintang utama ana ing filem iki ya iku Hailee Steinfeld, John Cena, Jorge lendeborg Jr., John Ortiz, Jason Drucker, lan Pamela Adlon. Paraga swara utama ing filem iki ya iku Dylan O'Brien, Angela Bassett, Jusin Theroux, lan Peter Cullen. Disiaraké pisanan ana ing Berlin tanggal 3 Desember 2018, filem iki uga dirilis sacara teatrikal ing Amérikah Sarékat tanggal 21 Desember 2018, sukses ngraup untung $468 yuta. Filem kasebut uga nampa ulasan positif saka para kritikus. == Paraga == === Manungsa === * Hailee Steinfeld minangka Charlie Watson * [[John Cena]] minangka Jack Burns * Jorge Lendeborg Jr. minangka Guillermo "Memo" Gutierrez * John Ortiz minangka Dr. Powell * Jason Drucker minangka Otis Watson * Pamela Adlon minangka Sally Watson * Stephen Schneider minangka Ron * Glynn Turman minangka General Whalen * Len Cariou minangka Hank * Gracie Dzienny minangka Tina Lark * Ricardo Hoyos minangka Tripp Summers * Fred Dryer minangka Sheriff Lock * Lenny Jacobson minangka Roy * Megyn Price minangka Amber, pacar Roy * Nick Pilla minangka Seymour Simmons * Edwin Hodge minangka Danny Bell * Tim Martin Gleason minangka Pak Watson * Rachel Crow minangka Boardwalk Patron / Student * Abby Quinn minangka Boardwalk Patron === ''Transformer'' === * Dylan O'Brien minangka swara saka [[Bumblebee]]<ref name="ign-dylan">{{Cite web|url=https://uk.ign.com/articles/2018/12/03/transformers-bumblebee-movie-voice-actor-dylan-obrien|title=Bumblebee Voice Actor Revealed|last=Vejvoda|first=Jim|date=December 3, 2018|website=[[IGN]]|access-date=December 3, 2018}}</ref> * Angela Bassett minangka swara Shatter <ref name="EWeekly">{{Cite web|url=http://ew.com/movies/2018/07/13/bumblebee-decepticon-trackers-first-look/|title=First Look: Bumblebee unveils two new Decepticon muscle cars|last=Breznican|first=Anthony|date=July 13, 2018|publisher=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713170612/http://ew.com/movies/2018/07/13/bumblebee-decepticon-trackers-first-look/|archive-date=July 13, 2018|url-status=live|access-date=July 13, 2018}}</ref> * Justin Theroux minangka swara Dropkick * Peter Cullen minangka swara saka [[Optimus Prime]] * David Sobolov minangka swara saka Blitzwing * Grey Griffin minangka swara saka [[Arcee]] * Steve Blum minangka swara saka Wheeljack * Andrew Morgado minangka swara Cliffjumper * Jon Bailey minangka swara saka: ** [[Shockwave (Transformers)|Shockwave]] <ref name="Hollywood Reporter trailer">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/how-bumblebee-trailer-redesigns-transformers-a-new-era-1146549|title=How 'Bumblebee' Trailer Demonstrates Best of Both Worlds|last=McMillan|first=Graeme|date=September 24, 2018|website=The Hollywood Reporter|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928043928/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/how-bumblebee-trailer-redesigns-transformers-a-new-era-1146549|archive-date=September 28, 2018|url-status=live|access-date=September 27, 2018|3=}}</ref> ** Soundwave, * Dennis Singletary minangka Ratchet == Terusan == Ing Desember 2018, nalika takon babagan masa depan waralaba ''Transformers'', produser Lorenzo di Bonaventura nyatakaké yèn "filem ''Transformers''" bakal diprodhuksi lan bakal dadi "béda saka sing wis kita wis rampungi sadurungé." Dhèwèké nyatakaké proses kasebut minangka "evolusi", ngendikané "Ana kebébasan liyané tinimbang sing tak pikir babagan apa sing bisa kita tindakaké". Sawisé sukses saka ''Bumblebee'', dhèwèké ngakoni yèn seri kasebut bakal nimbulaké sawatara owah-owahan ing nada lan gaya, sing diilhami déning film kasebut.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.slashfilm.com/transformers-reboot/|title=The Next 'Transformers' Movie Won't Be a Reboot, But It Will Be "Different" [Exclusive]|last=Topel|first=Fred|date=December 10, 2018|website=/Film|access-date=January 21, 2019}}</ref> Direktur Travis Knight ngandhani yèn tujuané dhèwèké ya iku mbalèkaké menyang studio animasi Laika,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/travis-knight-bumblebee-guardians-galaxy-3/|title=Bumblebee's Travis Knight Says He's Not Directing Guardians of the Galaxy 3|last=Bacon|first=Cooper Hood|date=December 4, 2018|website=ScreenRant|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190125183145/https://screenrant.com/travis-knight-bumblebee-guardians-galaxy-3/|archive-date=January 25, 2019|url-status=live|access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref> sanajan dhèwèké ngakoni yèn dhèwèké duwé gagasan sawatara kanggo sekuel ''Bumblebee'' .<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/bumblebee-sequel-ideas-travis-knight/|title=Bumblebee Director Already Has Ideas for a Potential Sequel|last=Bacon|first=Thomas|date=December 24, 2018|website=ScreenRant|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190125183200/https://screenrant.com/bumblebee-sequel-ideas-travis-knight/|archive-date=January 25, 2019|url-status=live|access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref> Miturut Januari 2019, John Cena mènèhi kaprigelan kanggo ngrampungaké perané sajroné seri terusan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2464557/john-cena-would-love-to-make-a-sequel-to-bumblebee|title=John Cena Would Love To Make A Sequel To Bumblebee|last=Carbone|first=Gina|date=January 4, 2019|website=CinemaBlend|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190125130923/https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2464557/john-cena-would-love-to-make-a-sequel-to-bumblebee|archive-date=January 25, 2019|url-status=live|access-date=January 25, 2019}}</ref> Sabanjuré ing sasi iki, terusan filem diumumaké bakal digawé, amarga bakal ana pamuteran ing box office internasional.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2019/01/bumblebee-crosses-400-million-worldwide-box-office-next-for-transformers-franchise-1202538143/|title='Bumblebee' Buzzes Past $400M WW – What's Next For The Autobots|last=Tartaglione|first=Nancy|date=January 19, 2019|website=Deadline|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123173426/https://deadline.com/2019/01/bumblebee-crosses-400-million-worldwide-box-office-next-for-transformers-franchise-1202538143/|archive-date=January 23, 2019|url-status=live|access-date=January 24, 2019}}</ref> Ing wulan Maret 2019, di Bonaventura dikonfirmasi dhèwèké lagi ngembangaké naskah kanggo sekuel ''Bumblebee'' .<ref name="cbr.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbr.com/transformers-last-knight-sequel/|title=Transformers: The Last Knight is Getting a Sequel|last=Nolan|first=L.D.|date=March 16, 2019|website=[[Comic Book Resources]]}}</ref> == Rujukan == {{Reflist|refs=<ref name=FirstAnnounced>{{cite news|last1=Perry|first1=Spencer|title=2018 Transformers Movie is a Bumblebee Spin-Off Film|url=http://www.comingsoon.net/movies/news/656729-2018-transformers-movie-is-a-bumblebee-spin-off-film|access-date=February 20, 2016|work=ComingSoon.net|date=February 12, 2016|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6heIDipOS?url=http://www.comingsoon.net/movies/news/656729-2018-transformers-movie-is-a-bumblebee-spin-off-film|archive-date=May 20, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="WriterHodson">{{cite news|last1=Fleming Jr|first1=Mike |title=Paramount Buzzing Over Christina Hodson 'Bumblebee' Transformers Spinoff Script|url=http://deadline.com/2016/11/transformers-bumblebee-christina-hodson-script-paramount-pictures-spinoff-script-1201852869/|access-date=November 12, 2016|work=Deadline|date=November 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161112142146/https://deadline.com/2016/11/transformers-bumblebee-christina-hodson-script-paramount-pictures-spinoff-script-1201852869/|archive-date=November 12, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name=TravisKnightDirector>{{cite web|url=http://deadline.com/2017/03/bumblebee-movie-travis-knight-director-kubo-and-the-two-strings-1202034882/|title=Travis Knight To Direct 'Transformers' Spinoff 'Bumblebee' At Paramount|publisher=Deadline|last=Busch|first=Anita|date=March 2, 2017|access-date=March 3, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170303021928/http://deadline.com/2017/03/bumblebee-movie-travis-knight-director-kubo-and-the-two-strings-1202034882/|archive-date=March 3, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="TFW2005">{{cite news|last1=Optimus|first1=Silver|title=Empire Magazine Article On Transformers Cinematic Universe – Transformers News – TFW2005|url=http://news.tfw2005.com/2017/05/21/empire-magazine-article-transformers-cinematic-universe-339299|access-date=June 14, 2017|work=TFW2005.COM|date=May 21, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170618121920/http://news.tfw2005.com/2017/05/21/empire-magazine-article-transformers-cinematic-universe-339299|archive-date=June 18, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>}} == Pranala njaba == * [http://www.bumblebeemovie.com/ Situs web resmi] * {{IMDb title|4701182}} {{Portal|United States|Film in the United States|California|Science Fiction|2010s}} [[Kategori:Filem abasa Inggris]] [[Kategori:Kaca mawa pertalan kang durung kapriksa]] [[Kategori:Filem]] lqzaszmkb38vgzhpp6m74yjfuuaciwb 4 165026 1756465 1756286 2026-09-14T15:30:08Z MediaWiki message delivery 19967 /* Berita Teknis: 2026-38 */ pérangan anyar 1756465 wikitext text/x-wiki {{/Pambuka}} <div style="display: none;"> {{Naraguna:LabdajiwaBot/konfig arsip |archive = Wikipédia:Angkringan Warta/Arsip %(year)d |algo = old(30d) |counter = 1 |minthreadsleft = 0 |minthreadstoarchive = 1 }} </div> == <span lang="id" dir="ltr">Berita Teknis: 2026-34</span> == <div lang="id" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W34"/><div class="plainlinks"> '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Berita teknis]]''' terkini dari komunitas teknis Wikimedia. Harap beritahu pengguna lain mengenai perubahan ini. Tidak semua perubahan akan berdampak pada Anda. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/34|Terjemahan]] telah tersedia. '''Sorotan mingguan''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Worklist|Fitur Daftar Kerja]] perkakas Pendaftaran Acara kini telah tersedia di seluruh wiki Wikimedia. Dengan fitur ini, penyelenggara acara dapat menambahkan artikel-artikel yang akan menjadi fokus acara mereka langsung ke halaman acara. Daftar Kerja juga menjadi dasar bagi fitur [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Worklist#How Event Pathways uses the worklist|Jalur Acara]], yang akan memberi tahu kontributor lain mengenai acara yang akan berlangsung atau sedang berlangsung ketika mereka menyunting artikel yang tercantum dalam Daftar Kerja acara tersebut. Ini merupakan versi minimum yang layak digunakan (MVP), sehingga masukan dari pengguna sangat diharapkan. Para penyelenggara dianjurkan untuk mencoba fitur ini. Pelatihan praktik [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Worklist Setup Workshop: Get Your Event Ready|Lokakarya Penyiapan Daftar Kerja]] akan diselenggarakan pada 18 Agustus pukul 16.00 UTC dan 19 Agustus pukul 11.00 UTC. '''Berita terbaru untuk para kontributor''' * [[Special:ShortPages]] menampilkan halaman-halaman pendek berdasarkan ukurannya. Namun, dalam banyak kasus, halaman tersebut dipenuhi halaman disambiguasi dan pengalihan lunak sehingga artikel-artikel pendek yang sebenarnya menjadi lebih sulit ditemukan. Mulai akhir pekan ini, Anda dapat memilih untuk tidak memasukkan suatu artikel ke halaman khusus tersebut dengan menambahkan kata magis <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>__EXPECTSHORTPAGE__</nowiki></code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433203] * Telah dirilis sebuah wiki baru: {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/id}} dalam [[d:Q3436680|bahasa Bole]] ([[w:bol:|<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>w:bol:</nowiki></code></bdi>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429921] * Mulai pekan 17 Agustus, bilah perkakas halaman akan ditampilkan dalam dua baris apabila ruang horizontal yang tersedia tidak mencukupi untuk menampilkan seluruh tombol. Perubahan ini merupakan tambalan yang telah [[phab:T429518|sepenuhnya digabungkan dari tim Pengalaman Pembaca]] dan bertujuan mengurangi kepadatan pada bilah perkakas Vector 2022, yang dapat terjadi pada beberapa Wikipedia dalam bahasa tertentu pada lebar layar tertentu. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Perihal berulang]] Lihat {{formatnum:16}} {{PLURAL:16|tugas}} yang diajukan oleh komunitas yang [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|telah berhasil diselesaikan pada pekan lalu]]. Sebagai contoh, pengunggahan berkas berukuran besar ke Wikimedia Commons kini menjadi lebih stabil dan lebih jarang mengalami kegagalan setelah sejumlah perbaikan dilakukan terhadap galat pengunggahan "''Could not acquire lock''". [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386640] '''Berita terbaru untuk para kontributor teknis''' * Dukungan Jangka Panjang (''Long Term Support'') Debian Bullseye akan berakhir pada 31 Agustus 2026. [[phab:T434103|Sejumlah proyek Cloud VPS]] masih memiliki instans yang menjalankan Debian Bullseye. Pengelola proyek-proyek tersebut dianjurkan untuk bermigrasi ke Debian Bookworm atau Debian Trixie. Tersedia [[wikitech:Help:Cloud VPS instance operating system migration|panduan migrasi]] untuk membantu proses tersebut. Pengguna juga dapat mempertimbangkan apakah beban kerja mereka lebih sesuai dijalankan di Toolforge. Jika Anda memerlukan bantuan atau tidak dapat menyelesaikan migrasi sebelum 31 Agustus, silakan hubungi pengurus Cloud VPS sesegera mungkin. [[listarchive:list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/RVIPQSYLKMSL5M46JP6NEJVGVE6I2RXQ/|Baca selengkapnya]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Perihal berulang]] Pembaruan kode lengkap yang akan tersedia pada akhir pekan ini: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.16|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Berita teknis]]''' disiapkan oleh [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Penulis berita teknis]] dan dikirim oleh [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Kontribusi]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/34|Terjemahkan]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Minta bantuan]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Berikan pendapat]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Berlangganan atau batalkan langganan]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W34"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17 Agustus 2026 21.02 (UTC) <!-- Pesan dikirim oleh Pengguna:STei (WMF)@metawiki dengan menggunakan daftar di https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30922806 --> == Growth/Newsletters/36 == <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Growth team logo - Icon only.svg|right|180px|frameless|class=skin-invert]] ''Updates from the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth|Growth]] team on our work to improve the new editor experience.'' === Recent releases === ====Account creation experiments==== Several [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|experiments to increase successful account creation]] have delivered significant results. * An updated message shown to logged-out mobile users who try to edit produced a 27% relative increase in account creation and is being scaled to all wikis. ([[phab:T424595|T424595]]) * A new account menu button in the mobile web header, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Experiment Results: Mobile Web Account Menu|A/B tested across five Wikipedias with nearly 8 million participants]], made logged-out mobile users 25% more likely to create an account, with no significant difference in constructive editing behavior. ([[phab:T428220|T428220]]) *A simpler post-edit dialog for temporary account holders increased permanent account creation by 87% (relative), converting more temp editors into registered ones. ([[phab:T416418|T416418]])[[File:Create account - July 2026 updates.png|thumb|The redesigned account creation form increases registration by a relative 24.4%]] *We also redesigned the account creation form itself ([[phab:T409236|T409236]]): adding real-time username validation, a concise summary of the username policy, a "reveal password" option, and a simplified design aligned with [[wmdoc:codex/latest|Codex]] guidelines. In an A/B test on English Wikipedia mobile, users who saw the redesigned form created permanent accounts at a rate of 20.4%, compared to 16.4% for the control group (a 24.4% relative increase). ====Revise Tone structured task==== [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Revise Tone|Revise Tone]] helps newcomers identify passages that may contain non-encyclopedic language and guides them through revising the tone. In A/B testing on Arabic, English, French, and Portuguese Wikipedias, newcomer task completion rates were [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Revise Tone#Experiment Results|38.7% higher]] than the default Copyedit task, with no decrease in edit quality. The test ended July 9, and the feature is now available to everyone on these wikis, configurable via Community Configuration. [[phab:T426364|We plan]] to release Revise Tone to more wikis. ====Automated mentor list cleanup==== Communities can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship#Automated mentor list cleanup|automatically mark inactive mentors as ''away'' or remove them from mentorship entirely]] (which automatically reassigns their mentees). Inactivity is based on edits, and talk page responses count, so mentors answering mentee questions remain active. We recommend enabling both options together; administrators can enable them via [[Special:CommunityConfiguration]] and review the mentor list at [[Special:ManageMentors]]. ====Growth features for Wikidata==== Growth features are [[phab:T400937|now available at Wikidata]], including a simplified Newcomer Homepage, Mentorship, the Impact module, Community Updates and the Help Panel. === Work in progress === [[File:Home designs labeled.png|thumb|Early concepts for evolving the Newcomer Homepage into a personalized 'Home' that grows with contributors.]] ====Home==== The Growth and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]] teams are developing [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Home|Home]] ([[phabricator:T419358|T419358]]): a unified, personalized landing page intended to replace the Newcomer Homepage. Rather than remaining a newcomer-only feature, Home will evolve with users as they gain experience, surfacing Suggested Edits, edits to review, and moderation workflows at the right moment. === Research === The [https://research.wikimedia.org/ Wikimedia Research team], in partnership with the Growth Team, published findings from two projects on how new editors learn and integrate into the community: * [[m:Research:Understanding_newcomer_mentorship_on_Wikipedia|Understanding newcomer mentorship on Wikipedia]] * [[m:Research:Successful_Newcomers_Survey_2025#Results|Successful Newcomers Survey]] ''<small>'''[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters|Growth team's newsletter]]''' prepared by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth|the Growth team]] and posted by [[m:User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]] • [[mw:Talk:Growth|Give feedback]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/Growth team updates|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].</small>'' </div> 18 Agustus 2026 13.17 (UTC) <!-- Pesan dikirim oleh Pengguna:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki dengan menggunakan daftar di https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Growth_team_updates&oldid=30870183 --> == ''The Signpost'': 24 August 2026 == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[File:WikipediaSignpostIcon.svg|40px|right]] ''News, reports and features from the English Wikipedia's newspaper''</div> <div style="column-count:2;"> * News and notes: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-08-24/News and notes|Union process progresses, unanswered questions about Littler Mendelson remain]] * In the media: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-08-24/In the media|Wikipedia editors save Sam Altman's life]] * Recent research: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-08-24/Recent research|Women in blue? Wikipedia's gender gap reverses in some areas]] * Discussion report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-08-24/Discussion report|Again and Again]] * Traffic report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-08-24/Traffic report|Look out, here comes the Spider-Man!]] * Humour: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-08-24/Humour|Her tastes, her Wikimania, her upcoming tour... Baby Globe reveals everything]] * On the bright side: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-08-24/On the bright side|The great outdoors]] * Opinion: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-08-24/Opinion|Are we embarrassed yet?]] * Special report: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-08-24/Special report|Paris Syndrome: Labor Strife, AI Anxiety, and a Leadership Test at Wikimania 2026]] * Comix: [[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2026-08-24/Comix|WP:FAOWN]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">'''[[w:en:Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost|Read this Signpost in full]]''' · [[w:en:Wikipedia:Signpost/Single|Single-page]] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Signpost|Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Global message delivery|Global message delivery]] 24 Agustus 2026 01.25 (UTC) <!-- Sent via script ([[w:en:User:JPxG/SPS]]) --></div> <!-- Pesan dikirim oleh Pengguna:Bri@metawiki dengan menggunakan daftar di https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Signpost&oldid=30889666 --> == <span lang="id" dir="ltr">Berita Teknis: 2026-35</span> == <div lang="id" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W35"/><div class="plainlinks"> '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Berita teknis]]''' terkini dari komunitas teknis Wikimedia. Harap beritahu pengguna lain mengenai perubahan ini. Tidak semua perubahan akan berdampak pada Anda. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/35|Terjemahan]] telah tersedia. '''Berita terbaru untuk para kontributor''' * Halaman [[Special:CreateAccount|Istimewa:Buat akun]] telah disederhanakan sebagai bagian dari upaya berkelanjutan untuk memodernisasi pengalaman pembuatan akun. Panel yang menampilkan statistik proyek kini tidak lagi muncul di samping formulir, baik pada tampilan web desktop maupun seluler. Berbagai eksperimen pembuatan akun menunjukkan bahwa formulir yang lebih sederhana membantu pendatang baru menyelesaikan proses pendaftaran. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433783] * Untuk meningkatkan kinerja halaman, gambar kini dimuat ketika gambar tersebut ditampilkan atau dilihat oleh pembaca. Dengan demikian, gambar yang berada lebih jauh di bagian bawah suatu artikel tidak akan dimuat apabila pembaca tidak pernah menggulir hingga ke bagian tersebut. Perubahan ini dapat memengaruhi sejumlah metrik yang berkaitan dengan gambar. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T148047] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Perihal berulang]] Lihat {{formatnum:42}} {{PLURAL:42|tugas}} yang diajukan oleh komunitas yang [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|telah berhasil diselesaikan pada pekan lalu]]. Contohnya adalah masalah yang menyebabkan keluku pada Wikipedia Abstrak tidak dapat ditampilkan setelah berkas terkait dipindahkan di Wikimedia Commons. Masalah tersebut kini telah diperbaiki. Keluku akan diperbarui dengan benar ketika berkas dipindahkan. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433448] '''Berita terbaru untuk para kontributor teknis''' * Kartu Informasi Pengguna adalah fitur yang membantu para pengawas melihat informasi mengenai akun pengguna. Selama ini, fitur tersebut hanya tersedia di tempat-tempat seperti riwayat halaman, log, dan perubahan terbaru. Kini, kartu tersebut juga dapat [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CheckUser#User_Info_card_in_page_content|ditempatkan di dalam isi halaman]] dengan menggunakan fungsi pengurai <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>{{#uic:}}</nowiki></code></bdi>. Fitur ini dapat sangat berguna pada templat seperti [[:en:Template:Userlinks|<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>{{Userlinks}}</nowiki></code></bdi>]] atau varian khususnya, karena akan memudahkan pengguna melihat konteks mengenai suatu akun pada berbagai halaman papan pengumuman. Kartu tersebut hanya akan ditampilkan kepada pengguna yang telah mengaktifkannya melalui [[Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpcheckuser-userinfocard-enable|preferensi mereka]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424466] * Karena adanya risiko terhadap keamanan dan privasi pengguna, akses ke URL <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>Special:MyPage</nowiki></code></bdi> telah dinonaktifkan apabila URL tersebut secara khusus digunakan bersama <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=raw</nowiki></code></bdi>. Jika Anda terdampak oleh perubahan ini, pertimbangkan apakah Anda dapat menggunakan pendekatan lain. URL <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>Special:MyPage</nowiki></code></bdi> tetap dapat diakses dan digunakan tanpa <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=raw</nowiki></code></bdi>. URL halaman pengguna tertentu, misalnya <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>User:Myusername</nowiki></code></bdi>, juga tetap dapat digunakan bersama <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=raw</nowiki></code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T120386] * Sebagai bagian dari pembaruan, perangkat lunak untuk membuat keluku telah ditingkatkan. Pembaruan ini mencakup peningkatan <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>librsvg</nowiki></code></bdi> ke versi 2.60 dan <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>ImageMagick</nowiki></code></bdi> ke versi 7, serta penyelesaian sejumlah masalah lama dalam pembuatan keluku, seperti galat dalam proses perenderannya. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419815#12222841] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Perihal berulang]] Pembaruan kode lengkap yang akan tersedia pada akhir pekan ini: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.17|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Berita teknis]]''' disiapkan oleh [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Penulis berita teknis]] dan dikirim oleh [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Kontribusi]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/35|Terjemahkan]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Minta bantuan]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Berikan pendapat]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Berlangganan atau batalkan langganan]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W35"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 24 Agustus 2026 20.44 (UTC) <!-- Pesan dikirim oleh Pengguna:STei (WMF)@metawiki dengan menggunakan daftar di https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30961208 --> == <span lang="id" dir="ltr">Berita Teknis: 2026-36</span> == <div lang="id" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W36"/><div class="plainlinks"> '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Berita teknis]]''' terkini dari komunitas teknis Wikimedia. Harap beritahu pengguna lain mengenai perubahan ini. Tidak semua perubahan akan berdampak pada Anda. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/36|Terjemahan]] telah tersedia. '''Sorotan mingguan''' * Format baru Daftar Harapan Komunitas kini telah dibuka untuk mendapatkan masukan. Anda dapat [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Community Wishlist 2027|membaca gagasan-gagasan yang diusulkan di Meta]]. Proses baru ini dirancang untuk meningkatkan cara harapan komunitas diseleksi dan dikelompokkan berdasarkan prioritas, dipungut suaranya, dan ditetapkan prioritas pengerjaannya, dengan cara yang transparan dan seimbang di berbagai kelompok proyek dan edisi bahasa. Konsultasi ini dibuka selama dua pekan. '''Berita terbaru untuk para kontributor''' * Rilis terbaru aplikasi Wikipedia untuk Android mencakup pembaruan pada fitur Tersimpan, sehingga pengalaman menyimpan artikel di aplikasi kini lebih mendekati pengalaman di aplikasi iOS dan Web. Pembaruan ini mendesain ulang tab Tersimpan dengan tampilan "Semua artikel", menghapus daftar bacaan "Tersimpan" yang sebelumnya tersedia secara bawaan, mengganti nama daftar bacaan menjadi "Koleksi", dan memodernisasi pengalaman menyimpan artikel. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T420788] * Fitur [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Daftar Bacaan]] telah diaktifkan untuk semua pengguna yang masuk log pada Wikipedia bahasa Bengali, Tionghoa, Ceko, dan Vietnam pada 25 Agustus, setelah tersedia sebagai fitur beta selama beberapa bulan. Fitur ini akan tersedia untuk semua pengguna yang masuk log di Wikipedia bahasa Arab, Prancis, dan Indonesia pada 1 September, kemudian di Wikipedia bahasa Inggris pada 14 September, dan di seluruh wiki Wikipedia lainnya pada 28 September. * Pada akhir bulan ini, sebagian pembaca yang belum masuk log di Wikipedia bahasa Bengali, Ceko, Persia, Inggris, dan Polandia, yang menggunakan kulit Minerva pada perangkat seluler, akan melihat [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Minimal_Minerva|bilah navigasi yang diperbarui]] dalam sebuah [[w:A/B test|uji A/B]]. Pengujian ini akan membandingkan bilah navigasi saat ini dengan versi baru yang dirancang agar pembaca dapat menemukan informasi dengan lebih cepat dan mudah. Tujuannya adalah mengetahui apakah perubahan tersebut mendorong pembaca untuk lebih sering kembali. Eksperimen ini tidak akan mengubah pengalaman pengguna yang telah masuk log dan/atau para penyunting. * Para penyunting yang mengelola pengalihan, templat, dan kategori yang digunakan pada halaman pengalihan kini memiliki cara yang lebih baik untuk menemukan dan mengelola pengalihan. Sebelumnya, halaman pengalihan tidak dapat dicari. Dua kata kunci pencarian baru, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>onlyredirects:</nowiki></code></bdi> dan <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>withredirects:</nowiki></code></bdi>, kini memungkinkan pengalihan dicari secara langsung dan dapat digabungkan dengan kata kunci yang sudah ada, seperti <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>incategory:</nowiki></code></bdi>, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>intitle:</nowiki></code></bdi>, dan <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>insource:</nowiki></code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T204089] * Perangkat pencarian ISBN yang digunakan untuk membuat sitasi baru-baru ini tidak berfungsi karena terdapat masalah pada layanan eksternal. Para pengembang sedang mengupayakan solusinya. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435179] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Perihal berulang]] Lihat {{formatnum:30}} {{PLURAL:30|tugas}} yang diajukan oleh komunitas yang [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|telah berhasil diselesaikan pada pekan lalu]]. Sebagai contoh, masalah yang menyebabkan pencarian halaman berdasarkan kategori menggunakan <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>deepcat</nowiki></code></bdi> tidak memberikan hasil atau justru memberikan hasil yang tidak berkaitan kini telah diperbaiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414859] '''Berita terbaru untuk para kontributor teknis''' * Domain URL untuk keluku berubah dari upload.wikimedia.org menjadi thumb.wikimedia.org. URL lama masih dapat digunakan untuk beberapa waktu ke depan, tetapi MediaWiki akan menggunakan domain baru tersebut dalam URL yang ditampilkannya. URL untuk jenis media lainnya, seperti berkas, video, dan hasil transkode asli, tetap akan disajikan melalui upload.wikimedia.org. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427465] * Wikimedia [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?api=wmf-math%2Fv1&title=Special%3ARestSandbox Math API] kini telah berstatus usang. Titik akhir API tersebut akan dihentikan sepenuhnya pada akhir September 2026. Para pengembang yang menggunakan titik akhir ini harus beralih ke solusi perenderan matematika alternatif, seperti [https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML MathML] atau [https://www.mathjax.org/ MathJax] bawaan. Instalasi MediaWiki pihak ketiga yang menggunakan ekstensi Math untuk merender rumus diwajibkan melakukan peningkatan ke versi 1.43 atau yang lebih baru agar layanan tetap dapat digunakan. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Perihal berulang]] Pembaruan kode lengkap yang akan tersedia pada akhir pekan ini: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.18|MediaWiki]] '''Lebih lanjut''' * Baca lebih lanjut mengenai [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check/TextMatch|TextMatch]] dalam tulisan di Diff berjudul [[diffblog:2026/08/28/custom-edit-suggestions-for-every-wiki-how-communities-are-shaping-suggestion-mode-with-textmatch/|Saran penyuntingan khusus untuk setiap wiki: Bagaimana komunitas membentuk Mode Saran dengan TextMatch]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Berita teknis]]''' disiapkan oleh [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Penulis berita teknis]] dan dikirim oleh [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Kontribusi]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/36|Terjemahkan]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Minta bantuan]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Berikan pendapat]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Berlangganan atau batalkan langganan]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W36"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 31 Agustus 2026 20.52 (UTC) <!-- Pesan dikirim oleh Pengguna:STei (WMF)@metawiki dengan menggunakan daftar di https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30990659 --> == This Month in Education: August 2026 == <div class="plainlinks" lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English. Please help to translate in your language. <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">This Month in Education</span> <span style="font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"> Volume 15 • Issue 8 • August 2026</span> <div style="border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]</div> <div style="color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;">In This Issue</div></div> <div style="text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;"> * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Coordinating Wikimedia's Presence in Iraqi Universities|Coordinating Wikimedia's Presence in Iraqi Universities]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/The EduWiki Hub Starter Kit Is Now Available in Spanish|The EduWiki Hub Starter Kit Is Now Available in Spanish]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Wiki and democracy campaign launches in Brazil|Wiki and democracy campaign launches in Brazil]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Wiki Clubs strengthen youth participation in open knowledge in the Philippines|Wiki Clubs strengthen youth participation in open knowledge in the Philippines]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Wikidata for research in the UI1|Wikidata for research in the UI1]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Nupe Wikipedia Hits 1,000 Articles: The Next Chapter in Our Knowledge Journey |Nupe Wikipedia Hits 1,000 Articles: The Next Chapter in Our Knowledge Journey]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Recruiting newcomers to preserve Yiddish using Wiktionary as a tool|Recruiting newcomers to preserve Yiddish using Wiktionary as a tool]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Voices in Our Hands: How Nigerian Kids are Documenting Nigerian Sign Language for the World|Voices in Our Hands: How Nigerian Kids are Documenting Nigerian Sign Language for the World]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Wiki in Schools, Architecture and Open Heritage|Wiki in Schools, Architecture and Open Heritage]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/More than 200 registrations, 22 speakers, and seven hours of shared experience: Wikimedia Ukraine’s Education Community Conference 2026|More than 200 registrations, 22 speakers, and seven hours of shared experience: Wikimedia Ukraine’s Education Community Conference 2026]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Launch of Wikifying a Conference handbook|Launch of Wikifying a Conference handbook]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/EduWiki Hub Updates: Working Groups Feedback Session and a New Roundtable for Program Officers|EduWiki Hub Updates: Working Groups Feedback Session and a New Roundtable for Program Officers]] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Curiosity through academic inquiry - learning by writing Wikipedia articles in Serbia|Curiosity through academic inquiry - learning by writing Wikipedia articles in Serbia]] </div> <div style="margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 1 Sèptèmber 2026 17.54 (UTC)</div> </div> <!-- Pesan dikirim oleh Pengguna:ZI Jony@metawiki dengan menggunakan daftar di https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&oldid=30917014 --> == <span lang="id" dir="ltr">Berita Teknis: 2026-37</span> == <div lang="id" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W37"/><div class="plainlinks"> '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Berita teknis]]''' terkini dari komunitas teknis Wikimedia. Harap beritahu pengguna lain mengenai perubahan ini. Tidak semua perubahan akan berdampak pada Anda. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/37|Terjemahan]] telah tersedia. '''Berita terbaru untuk para kontributor''' * Fitur [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add_a_link|Tambahkan Pranala]] telah ditingkatkan untuk pengguna Wikipedia bahasa Inggris dengan kemampuan mendeteksi pranala yang memiliki perbedaan penggunaan huruf besar dan kecil. Perubahan ini akan membantu mengurangi saran yang ambigu akibat perbedaan kapitalisasi dalam judul artikel, termasuk artikel tentang benda budaya. Tahap peningkatan kedua direncanakan akan dilakukan dan juga akan mempersiapkan fitur ini untuk dirilis dalam bahasa lainnya. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435526#12240876] [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T434259] * Fitur [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article_guidance|Panduan artikel]] akan diaktifkan secara bawaan bagi penyunting pemula di Wikipedia bahasa Inggris Sederhana dan Wikipedia bahasa Turki mulai 10 September 2026, setelah sebelumnya melalui [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article_guidance/Updates#Summary_of_experiment_result|tahap uji coba]]. Penyunting pemula dengan jumlah suntingan 0 hingga 99 akan secara otomatis melihat fitur ini ketika mereka mengeklik pranala merah atau menggunakan opsi "[[tr:Vikipedi:Madde_sihirbazı|Madde oluşturto]]" di Wikipedia bahasa Turki untuk membuat artikel baru. Perubahan ini ditujukan untuk membantu pengguna baru dalam membuat artikel dengan kualitas yang lebih baik dan memenuhi standar setiap Wikipedia. [[phab:maniphest/query/z3tcTjmLMxk5/#R|Peningkatan lebih lanjut]] akan terus dilakukan berdasarkan hasil eksperimen dan masukan dari komunitas. * Perkakas [https://pageviews.wmcloud.org Pageviews Analysis], yang memungkinkan pengguna membandingkan jumlah kunjungan pada beberapa halaman, genap berusia 10 tahun pada tahun ini dan telah memperoleh sejumlah fitur baru. Fitur-fitur tersebut mencakup [[toolforge:wikinav|WikiNav]], yang memberikan gambaran mengenai cara pembaca Wikipedia menjelajahi konten, statistik penyuntingan di [https://pageviews.wmcloud.org/siteviews?range=latest-30&sites=en.wikipedia.org Siteviews], kemampuan [https://pageviews.wmcloud.org/massviews?source=wikiproject&project=en.wikipedia.org mencari artikel yang termasuk dalam suatu ProyekWiki], dan dukungan untuk mode gelap. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378549] * Bilah navigasi [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Minimal_Minerva|Minerva yang disederhanakan secara visual]] sedang diuji kepada pembaca yang belum masuk log dan menggunakan tampilan web seluler di Wikipedia bahasa Bengali, Ceko, Inggris, Farsi, dan Polandia. Uji coba ini bertujuan mengetahui apakah penyederhanaan navigasi dapat meningkatkan retensi pembaca. Pengujian akan berlangsung dari 31 Agustus hingga 28 September dan pengguna tidak perlu melakukan tindakan apa pun dalam uji coba ini. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|Harapan Teknis WMDE]] sedang mengupayakan peningkatan pada [[en:Wikipedia:VisualEditor/Named references|nama referensi yang dibuat secara otomatis di VisualEditor]]. Penyunting hanya akan melihat sedikit perubahan mulai pekan ini. Saat nama referensi dibuat secara otomatis, penomoran akan dimulai dari <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>:1</nowiki></code></bdi>, bukan <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>:0</nowiki></code></bdi>. Informasi lebih lanjut tersedia di [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|halaman proyek]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/VisualEditor/VisualEditor/+/1332704] * Semua wiki akan berada dalam [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|kondisi hanya-baca selama beberapa menit]] pada 23 September. Hal ini dijadwalkan berlangsung pada pukul 14.00 UTC. Informasi lebih lanjut akan diterbitkan melalui Berita Teknis dan juga akan dipasang di spanduk setiap wiki dalam beberapa minggu mendatang. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433363] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Perihal berulang]] Lihat {{formatnum:25}} {{PLURAL:25|tugas}} yang diajukan oleh komunitas yang [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|telah berhasil diselesaikan pada pekan lalu]]. Sebagai contoh, masalah yang menyebabkan [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] salah menangani tag nowiki yang bersarang, sehingga konten dapat hilang dan teks yang tidak diinginkan dapat ditampilkan, kini telah diperbaiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435116] '''Berita terbaru untuk para kontributor teknis''' * Pengurus antarmuka dapat mengatur gawai melalui [[MediaWiki:Gadgets-definition]]. Format definisinya telah diperbarui dan kini tidak lagi memerlukan opsi <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>ResourceLoader</nowiki></code></bdi>, karena gawai selalu dimuat melalui <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>ResourceLoader</nowiki></code></bdi>. Perubahan ini menyederhanakan konfigurasi gawai dengan menghapus opsi yang tidak lagi diperlukan, sehingga definisi gawai menjadi lebih mudah dikelola oleh para pengurus. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298199] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Perihal berulang]] Pembaruan kode lengkap yang akan tersedia pada akhir pekan ini: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.19|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Berita teknis]]''' disiapkan oleh [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Penulis berita teknis]] dan dikirim oleh [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Kontribusi]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/37|Terjemahkan]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Minta bantuan]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Berikan pendapat]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Berlangganan atau batalkan langganan]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W37"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 7 Sèptèmber 2026 18.43 (UTC) <!-- Pesan dikirim oleh Pengguna:STei (WMF)@metawiki dengan menggunakan daftar di https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=31008437 --> == ''This Month in GLAM'': August 2026 == {| style="width:100%;" | valign="top" align="center" style="border:1px gray solid; padding:1em;" | {| align="center" |- | style="text-align: center;" | [[File:This Month in GLAM logo 2018.png|350px|center|link=outreach:GLAM/Newsletter]]<br /> <hr /> <div style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;">[[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026|<span style="color:darkslategray;">This Month in GLAM – Volume XVI, Issue VIII, August 2026</span>]]</div> <hr /><br /> |- style="text-align: center;" | <span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman;"> '''<u>Headlines</u>'''</span> |- style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center;" | <div style="text-align:left; column-count:2; column-width:28em; vertical-align:top;"> * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/From the team|From the team]]: Hot August/Cold August * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/Brazil report|Brazil report]]: Wiki Love Monuments and new phase of Museu Paulista collaboration * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/Catalan areas report|Catalan areas report]]: The Catalan public domain: An application to identify Catalan works in public domain * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/Colombia report|Colombia report]]: Explore the Colombian public domain app: Browse works an authors in the public domain * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/Czech Republic report|Czech Republic report]]: Wikimedia CR introduces new members of GLAM/partnership team * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/Egypt report|Egypt report]]: Egypt’s GLAM Team Brings Egyptian Postal History and Public Libraries to Wikimedia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/Italy report|Italy report]]: The Musical Heritage of the Santa Cecilia Conservatory * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/New Zealand report|New Zealand report]]: New Zealand Thesis Project Update and the upcoming TDWG 2026 conference * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/Macedonia report|North Macedonia report]]: Connecting Culture and Free Knowledge - Wikimedia MKD’s GLAM Partnerships * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/Serbia report|Serbia report]]: August in Wikimedia Serbia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/Switzerland report|Switzerland report]]: Summer, Follow-up in Aarau, CoCreation * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/UK report|UK report]]: Wikimedia gets Gazetted + Islamic Calligraphy on English Wikipedia * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/Ukraine report|Ukraine report]]: OpenGLAM Summer 2026 in Ukraine * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/USA report|USA report]]: GLAM USA Report (Past & Upcoming) * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/Biodiversity Heritage Library report|Biodiversity Heritage Library report]]: Updates on work by BHL-Wiki working Group members * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/Memory of the World report|Memory of the World report]]: Ghana national register * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/Wikimedia Commons report|Wikimedia Commons report]]: Media loading change affects Commons Impact Metrics and GLAM analytics * [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Contents/Events|Calendar]]: September's GLAM events </div> |- | style="font-family:Times New Roman; text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter|Read this edition in full]] &bull; [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/August 2026/Single|Single-page]] |- | valign="top" colspan="2" style="padding:0.5em; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center; font-size:85%;" | To assist with preparing the newsletter, please visit the [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Newsroom|newsroom]]. Past editions may be viewed [[outreach:GLAM/Newsletter/Archives|here]]. |- |} |} <div style="margin-top:10px; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">[[m:GLAM/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in GLAM'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/GLAM|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · [[:m:User:Romaine|Romaine]] 11 Sèptèmber 2026 08.36 (UTC)</div> <!-- Pesan dikirim oleh Pengguna:Romaine@metawiki dengan menggunakan daftar di https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/GLAM&oldid=31028447 --> == <span lang="id" dir="ltr">Berita Teknis: 2026-38</span> == <div lang="id" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W38"/><div class="plainlinks"> '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Berita teknis]]''' terkini dari komunitas teknis Wikimedia. Harap beritahu pengguna lain mengenai perubahan ini. Tidak semua perubahan akan berdampak pada Anda. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/38|Terjemahan]] telah tersedia. '''Sorotan mingguan''' * Tim Audiens Masa Depan (Future Audiences) telah memulai [[en:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia:Village pump (proposals)#New proposed experiment to let readers know about “Google preferred sources”|diskusi di Wikipedia bahasa Inggris]] mengenai usulan eksperimen baru untuk menampilkan pemberitahuan sementara tentang fitur [https://blog.google/products-and-platforms/products/search/original-high-quality-content-search/ Sumber Pilihan Google] kepada pembaca Wikipedia yang datang dari Google. Eksperimen ini bertujuan menguji apakah pemberitahuan tersebut dapat membuat pengunjung lebih sering kembali ke Wikipedia. Fitur Sumber Pilihan memungkinkan pengguna memilih situs web yang mereka percayai sehingga Google dapat menampilkan konten dari sumber-sumber tersebut secara lebih menonjol dalam Penelusuran dan berbagai pengalaman berbasis kecerdasan buatan. Kami tertarik untuk menguji fitur ini pada bahasa lain yang didukung Google dan menyambut bantuan untuk memulai diskusi di wiki lainnya. Jika berminat, silakan hubungi Tim Audiens Masa Depan melalui [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Preferred sources|halaman pembicaraan]]. '''Berita terbaru untuk para kontributor''' * Platform percakapan Discord sedang merilis kerangka kerja mandiri baru yang dapat digunakan oleh situs web untuk menentukan tampilan pranala mereka ketika dibagikan di Discord. Tim Audiens Masa Depan berencana mulai menggunakan kerangka kerja ini untuk meningkatkan tampilan pranala Wikipedia ketika dibagikan di Discord, sekaligus memberikan atribusi dan penghargaan yang lebih baik kepada para kontributor. Pada tahap pertama proyek ini, tampilan dan perilaku pranala tidak akan berubah karena kami ingin terlebih dahulu mengumpulkan data dasar untuk menilai dampak perubahan pada tahap berikutnya. Namun, jika anggota komunitas yang aktif di Discord menemukan masalah, mereka dapat melaporkannya melalui [[phab:tag/future-audiences/|Phabricator]] atau [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences|Meta-Wiki]]. * <span class="mw-translate-fuzzy">Tim Pertumbuhan Pembaca akan menjalankan eksperimen untuk menguji apakah [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Compact Lead|pemadatan bagian pembuka artikel]] dengan menambahkan tombol "baca selengkapnya" dapat meningkatkan retensi pembaca. Pengujian akan dimulai pada 17 September di Wikipedia bahasa Arab, Spanyol, Prancis, Indonesia, Italia, Jepang, Portugis, Vietnam, dan Tionghoa, serta berlangsung selama empat pekan.</span> * Semua wiki akan berada dalam [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|mode hanya-baca selama beberapa menit]] pada 23 September. Hal ini dijadwalkan berlangsung pada pukul 14.00 UTC. Informasi lebih lanjut akan diterbitkan dalam Berita Teknis dan juga akan diinformasikan ke setiap wiki pada pekan mendatang. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433363] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Perihal berulang]] Lihat {{formatnum:28}} {{PLURAL:28|tugas}} yang diajukan oleh komunitas yang [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|telah berhasil diselesaikan pada pekan lalu]]. Sebagai contoh, masalah yang menyebabkan [https://wikistats.wmcloud.org/ Wikistats] untuk Wikipedia mengembalikan galat HTTP 500, sehingga tidak dapat diakses, kini telah diperbaiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T435959] '''Berita terbaru untuk para kontributor teknis''' * Pengembang yang memelihara perkakas yang melakukan kueri terhadap tabel pranala Wikimedia Commons perlu memperbarui kode mereka agar terhubung ke gugus basis data x4 yang baru. Tabel pranala tersebut telah dipindahkan dari gugus s4 ke x4 dan tidak akan lagi menerima pembaruan di s4. Tabel halaman dan tabel pengalihan tetap tersedia di kedua gugus. Replika wiki untuk klaster x4 akan disiapkan setelahnya. Perubahan ini dilakukan karena gugus s4 telah berkembang terlalu besar untuk dapat dioperasikan secara efisien. [[wikitech:Special:MyLanguage/News/2026 Commons links tables database split|Informasi lebih lanjut tersedia di sini]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Perihal berulang]] Pembaruan kode lengkap yang akan tersedia pada akhir pekan ini: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.20|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Berita teknis]]''' disiapkan oleh [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Penulis berita teknis]] dan dikirim oleh [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Kontribusi]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/38|Terjemahkan]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Minta bantuan]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Berikan pendapat]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Berlangganan atau batalkan langganan]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W38"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 14 Sèptèmber 2026 15.30 (UTC) <!-- Pesan dikirim oleh Pengguna:STei (WMF)@metawiki dengan menggunakan daftar di https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=31039826 --> 8tuik1emt84li3fh8ngueq1z30vfwnh 0 199004 1756471 1752446 2026-09-15T04:22:03Z Meursault2004 3 nganyari 1756471 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Officeholder | honorific-prefix = | name = Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa | honorific-suffix = | image = Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa, Menteri Keuangan (2025).jpg | imagesize = | caption = Purbaya ing taun 2025 | office = Pratélan Mantri Artakarya Indonésia{{!}}Mantri Kauangan Indonésia | order = kaping 30 | term_start = 8 September 2025 | term_end = | predecessor = [[Sri Mulyani]] | president = [[Prabowo Subianto]] | lieutenant = [[Suahasil Nazara]]<br>[[Thomas Djiwandono]]<br>[[Anggito Abimanyu]] | office1 = Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan{{!}}Ketua Dhéwan Komisionèr Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan | order1 = kaping 4 | term_start1 = 3 September 2020 | term_end1 = 8 September 2025 | president1 = [[Joko Widodo]]<br>Prabowo Subianto | deputy1 = | predecessor1 = Halim Alamsyah | successor1 = [[Didik Madiyono]] (Plt.) | office2 = [[PT Danareksa|Dirèktur Utama PT Danareksa Sekuritas]] | order2 = | term_start2 = April 2006 | term_end2 = Oktober 2008 | predecessor2 = | successor2 = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1964|7|7}} | birth_place = {{Flagicon|Indonésia}} [[Kutha Bogor|Bogor]], [[Jawa Barat]], Indonesia | birthname = | occupation = {{hlist|Ékonom|Insinyur}} | spouse = Ida Yulidina | children = 2 | alma_mater = {{ubl|[[Institut Teknologi Bandung]] (Ir.)|[[Universitas Purdue]] (M.Sc. & Ph.D)}} | parents = | father = drh. J. Soegiri | mother = Prof. Dr. drh. Nawangsari Soegiri | party = | otherparty = | signature = Signature Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa.png | website = }} '''Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa''' ({{lahirmati|[[Kutha Bogor|Bogor]], [[Jawa Barat]]|7|7|1964}}) inggih punika satunggaling ékonom lan insinyur Indonésia ingkang sapunika njabat minangka Mantri Kauangan Républik Indonésia wiwit 8 Sèptèmber 2025 ngantos 14 Sèptèmber 2026 ing sangandhapipun Présidhèn Prabowo Subianto.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jatim.antaranews.com/berita/972137/prabowo-lantik-lima-menteri-baru-purbaya-gantikan-sri-mulyani|title=Prabowo lantik lima menteri baru, Purbaya gantikan Sri Mulyani|last=Agency|first=ANTARA News|website=ANTARA News Jawa Timur|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> Sadèrèngipun, panjenenganipun njabat minangka Ketua Dhéwan Komisionèr Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan saking 2020–2025.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/1742157/purbaya-yudhi-sadewa-resmi-jadi-ketua-dewan-komisioner-lps|title=Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa resmi jadi Ketua Dewan Komisioner LPS|last=antaranews.com|date=2020-09-23|website=Antara News|language=id|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> == Pendhidhikan == Panjenenganipun pikantuk gelar Sarjana saking Jurusan Tèknik Èlèktro, Institut Tèknologi Bandung (ITB). Déné gelar Master of Science (MSc) lan gelar Dhoktor ing widang Ilmu Ékonomi dipunpikantuk saking Univèrsitas Purdue, Indiana, Amérika Sarékat.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/plain-speaking-economist-purbaya-takes-helm-indonesias-finance-minister-2025-09-09/|title=Plain speaking economist, Purbaya, takes helm as Indonesia's finance minister|last=Suroyo|first=Gayatri|date=2025-09-09|work=Reuters|access-date=2025-09-13|last2=Sulaiman|first2=Stefanno|language=en}}</ref> == Pengalaman == === Karir Profésional === [[Gambar:Purbaya Yudhi KSSK.jpg|thumb|Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa nalika ngrawuhi Rapat Komite Stabilitas Sistem Keuangan (KSSK)]] Sadèrèngipun tumut ing papréntahan, panjenenganipun miwiti karir minangka ''Field Engineer'' ing Schlumberger Overseas SA (1989–1994). Lajeng ing wulan Oktober 2000 dumugi Juli 2005, panjenenganipun dipuntunjuk minangka Ékonom Senior ing Danareksa Research Institute. Salajengipun, panjenenganipun dados Dirèktur Utama PT Danareksa Securities saking April 2006 dumugi Oktober 2008. Panjenenganipun ugi dados ''Chief Economist'' Danareksa Research Institute ing Juli 2005 – Maret 2013, lan minangka Anggota Dhéwan Dirèksi PT Danareksa (Persero) saking Maret 2013 dumugi April 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://keuangan.kontan.co.id/news/danareksa-incar-kelola-dana-rp-23-triliun|title=Danareksa incar kelola dana Rp 23 triliun|last=Mediatama|first=Grahanusa|date=2015-01-14|website=kontan.co.id|language=id|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> === Karir ing Papréntahan === [[Gambar:Ketua DK LPS St Regis.jpg|thumb|Ketua Dhéwan Komisionèr LPS Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa nalika Konferènsi Pèrs]] Panjenenganipun miwiti karir papréntahanipun ing Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian. Panjenenganipun dados Staf Khusus Widang Ékonomi Mantri Koordinator Widang Perekonomian, Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian salebetipun 4 taun (2010–2014) kajawi punika panjenenganipun ugi dados Anggota Komite Ékonomi Nasional (2010–2014), lembaga nonstruktural ingkang dipunpandhégani déning Chairul Tandjung.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/41265/perpres-no-22-tahun-2012|title=PERPRES No. 22 Tahun 2012|work=Database Peraturan {{!}} JDIH BPK|access-date=2025-09-13|language=id-ID}}</ref> Ing wulan Maret 2015, panjenenganipun dipuntunjuk minangka Dhéputi III Widang Pangemunah Isu Stratègis, Kantor Staf Présidhèn Républik Indonésia déning Kepala Staf Kaprésidhènan Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://kbr.id/nasional/03-2015/luhut_panjaitan_tunjuk_lima_deputi_/69287.html|title=Luhut Panjaitan Tunjuk Lima Deputi - kbr.id|last=Radio|first=Kantor Berita|work=Kantor Berita Radio|access-date=2025-09-13|language=en|archive-date=2023-06-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230627091222/https://kbr.id/nasional/03-2015/luhut_panjaitan_tunjuk_lima_deputi_/69287.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Panjenenganipun namung njabat dumugi Sèptèmber 2015. Lajeng ing Novèmber 2015, Purbaya dipuntunjuk minangka Staf Khusus Widang Ékonomi Mantri Koordinator Widang Pulitik, Hukum lan Kaamanan, Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Politik, Hukum dan Keamanan, jabatan punika dipunemban dumugi Juli 2016. Ing taun 2016, panjenenganipun wangsul dhateng Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Pereknomian. Panjenenganipun dados Wakil Ketua Satgas Pananganan lan Panyelesaian Kasus (''Debottlenecking''), ingkang langkung misuwur kanthi nama “Pokja IV”, ing sangandhapipun Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian (Juni 2016-2020). Salajengipun, panjenenganipun dipunpindhah dhateng Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Kemaritiman minangka Staf Khusus Widang Ékonomi (Juli 2016–Mèi 2018). Jabatanipun dipunindhakaken dados Dhéputi Widang Koordinasi Kedaulatan Maritim lan Ènèrgi, Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Kemaritiman dan Investasi saking Mèi 2018 dumugi Juni 2020. Salajengipun dipungèsèr dados Dhéputi Widang Koordinasi Kedaulatan Maritim lan Ènèrgi ing wulan Juni 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://maritim.go.id/detail/menko-luhut-pimpin-pelantikan-pejabat-pimpinan-tinggi-madya|title=Kemenko Bidang Kemaritiman dan Investasi|last=abdillah|website=Kemenko Bidang Kemaritiman dan Investasi|language=en|access-date=2025-09-13|archive-date=2025-09-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250923173214/https://maritim.go.id/detail/menko-luhut-pimpin-pelantikan-pejabat-pimpinan-tinggi-madya|url-status=dead}}</ref> Purbaya dipunlantik minangka Ketua Dhéwan Komisionèr Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan saking 2020–2025 ing tanggal 23 Sèptèmber 2020,<ref name=":0" /> panjenenganipun lajeng dipuntunjuk minangka Mantri Kauangan Républik Indonésia nggantosaken Sri Mulyani ing tanggal 8 Sèptèmber 2025.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bisnis.com/read/20250909/638/1909522/perbandingan-rekam-jejak-karier-sri-mulyani-dan-menkeu-baru-purbaya-yudhi-sadewa|title=Perbandingan Rekam Jejak Karier Sri Mulyani dan Menkeu Baru Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa|last=Lestari|first=Hesti Puji|date=2025-09-09|website=Bisnis.com|language=id|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> === Organisasi === Panjenenganipun dados Anggota Dhéwan Pertimbangan Kamar Dhagang lan Industri (2016–2020) lan Anggota Indonesia Economic Forum (2015–). Ing wulan Oktober 2016, panjenenganipun dipuntunjuk minangka Gubernur ''Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries'' (OPEC) saking Indonésia nggantosaken Widhyawan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://katadata.co.id/berita/nasional/5e9a56c1484ed/luhut-tunjuk-purbaya-gantikan-widhyawan-sebagai-gubernur-opec|title=Luhut Tunjuk Purbaya Sebagai Gubernur OPEC Gantikan Widhyawan - Katadata.co.id|last=Sirait|first=Arnold|date=2016-10-13|website=katadata.co.id|language=id-ID|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> == Kontrovèrsi == Kirang saking 24 jam sasampunipun dipunlantik, Purbaya ngadhepi paling mboten kalih kontrovèrsi ingkang dados sorotan médhia lan masarakat.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.suara.com/news/2025/09/09/154335/3-kontroversi-purbaya-yudhi-sadewa-di-tengah-jabatan-baru-sebagai-menteri|title=3 Kontroversi Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa di Tengah Jabatan Baru sebagai Menteri|website=suara.com|language=id|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> === Pranyatan gegayutan "17+8 Tuntutan Rakyat" === Ing dinten palantikanipun, Purbaya nanggapi gerakan "17+8 Tuntutan Rakyat" ingkang dipunsuwantenaken déning élémèn masarakat sipil. Panjenenganipun mratélakaken bilih tuntutan kasebat inggih punika "swantenipun sakedhik rakyat kita" ingkang mungkin rumaos gesangipun kaganggu utawi taksih kirang. Panjenenganipun gadhah pamanggih bilih tuntutan kasebat badhé ical kanthi otomatis menawi panjenenganipun kasil nyiptakaken pertumbuhan ékonomi 6 dumugi 7 persèn, amargi masarakat badhé "sibuk pados pedamelan lan nedha éca katimbang médhémo”.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/5096717/menkeu-purbaya-jelaskan-ucapan-yang-tuai-kontroversi-publik|title=Menkeu Purbaya jelaskan ucapan yang tuai kontroversi publik|last=antaranews.com|date=2025-09-09|website=Antara News|language=id|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> Pranyatan punika nuwuhaken kritik ingkang wiyar saking publik amargi dipunanggep ngremèhaken aspirasi masarakat. Nanggepi prakawis kasebat, Purbaya ngaturaken panyuwunan pangapunten nalika konferènsi pers serah trima jabatan. Panjenenganipun ngakeni taksih adhaptasi kaliyan posisi enggalipun lan nyebat dhirinipun minangka "mantri kagètan" kanthi gaya wicanten ingkang "koboi". Panjenenganipun janji badhé langkung ngatos-atos anggènipun maringi pranyatan ing wekdal salajengipun.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.republika.co.id/berita/t2b78v409/permintaan-maaf-menteri-kagetan-purbaya-usai-responsnya-atas-tuntutan-178-tuai-kontroversi|title=Permintaan Maaf 'Menteri Kagetan' Purbaya Usai Responsnya Atas Tuntutan 17+8 Tuai Kontroversi|last=Saubani|first=Andri|date=2025-09-09|website=Republika|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> Wonten ing klarifikasi salajengipun, Purbaya nerangaken bilih pranyatanipun dipundhasaraken ing konsèp ékonomi lan pengalamanipun. Miturut panjenenganipun, percepatan pertumbuhan ékonomi mboten badhé langsung njalari inflasi amargi kapasitas ékonomi Indonésia taksih gadhah papan kanggé tuwuh.<ref name=":1" /> === Unggahan Médhia Sosial Putranipun === Kontrovèrsi kaping kalih dugi saking putranipun, Yudo Achilles Sadewa. Setunggal tangkapan layar ingkang dipunkinten asalipun saking akun Instagram Yudo (@yvdos4dewa) viral ing médhia sosial. Wonten ing unggahan kasebat, kaserat ukara ingkang dipunanggep nyindir Sri Mulyani: "Alhamdulillah, bapak kula nglengsèraken agèn CIA Amérika ingkang nyamar dados mantri”.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://radartv.disway.id/read/28135/anak-menkeu-purbaya-yudhi-sadewa-diduga-sindir-sri-mulyani-sebagai-agen-cia-amerika-kontroversi-memanas|title=Anak Menkeu Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa Diduga Sindir Sri Mulyani Sebagai Agen CIA Amerika, Kontroversi Memanas|last=radartvnews.com|website=radartvnews.com|language=id|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> Unggahan kasebat sumebar wiyar lan nuwuhaken rembagan publik. Mboten dangu sasampunipun viral, akun Instagram kagunganipun Yudo Sadewa mboten saged dipanggihaken malih.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://suryamalang.tribunnews.com/news/273654/2-kontroversi-purbaya-baru-dilantik-menkeu-anaknya-sindir-sri-mulyani-agen-cia-ucapan-nirempati|title=2 Kontroversi Purbaya Baru Dilantik Menkeu: Anaknya Sindir Sri Mulyani Agen CIA, Ucapan Nirempati|website=Suryamalang.com|language=id-ID|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> == Réaksi publik lan pasar kauangan == Pranyatan awal Purbaya minangka mantri pikantuk tanggepan saking kathah kalangan. Ékonom lan Pakar Kabijakan Publik UPN Veteran Jakarta, Achmad Nur Hidayat, ngritik sikap Purbaya ingkang dipunanggep kegedhèn rasa pitados dhiri (''overconfidence'') lan ngremèhaken kritik publik. Miturut panjenenganipun, pranyatan kasebat saged maringi sinyal ingkang mbebayani kanggé stabilitas pasar lan nedahaken panyederhanaan prakawis ingkang komplèks.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indoposco.id/ekonomi/2025/09/09/overconfident-purbaya-tuai-kontroversi-ekonom-publik-butuhkan-peta-jalan-bukan-retorika|title=Overconfident Purbaya Tuai Kontroversi, Ekonom: Publik Butuhkan Peta Jalan Bukan Retorika|last=Dami|first=Laurens|date=2025-09-09|website=indoposco.id|language=id|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> Saking sisih pasar kauangan, analis ngira-ira bilih pelaku pasar badhé mendhet sikap ngentosi (''wait and see'') dhateng kabijakan ingkang badhé dipuntrepaken déning Purbaya. Kahanan mboten mesthi amargi gantosipun pejabat lan pranyatan ingkang kontrovèrsial gadhah potènsi njalari apesipun Indèks Rega Saham Gabungan (IHSG) ing jangka cendhak.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://lombokpost.jawapos.com/ekonomi-bisnis/1506567787/ekonom-ugm-ungkap-hal-yang-harus-diwaspadai-di-balik-strategi-rp200-triliun-menkeu-purbaya|title=Ekonom UGM Ungkap Hal Yang Harus Diwaspadai di Balik Strategi Rp200 Triliun Menkeu Purbaya - Lombok Post|last=Hidayati|first=Nurul|website=Ekonom UGM Ungkap Hal Yang Harus Diwaspadai di Balik Strategi Rp200 Triliun Menkeu Purbaya - Lombok Post|language=id|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> == Purbaya Effect (Èfèk Purbaya) == '''''Purbaya Effect''''' inggih punika istilah ingkang dipun-ginakaken déning médhia lan analis kauangan kanggé ngrujuk dhateng réaksi pasar lan éwah-éwahan èkspèktasi kabijakan ékonomi sasampunipun Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa njabat minangka Mantri Kauangan Indonésia ing Sèptèmber 2025. Fénoména punika sacara mirunggan dipungayutaken kaliyan pendekatan kabijakan fiskalipun ingkang dipunanggep langkung agrésif lan fokus ing stimulus pertumbuhan lumantar intervènsi likuiditas, bènten kaliyan kabijakan saderengipun ingkang langkung konservatif.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jurnalzone.id/bedah-purbaya-effect-dampak-dana-rp200-t-bagi-ekonomi/|title=Bedah Purbaya Effect: Dampak Dana Rp200 T bagi Ekonomi|date=2025-09-12|website=Jurnalzone.id|language=id|access-date=2025-09-13|archive-date=2025-10-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251008205050/https://www.jurnalzone.id/bedah-purbaya-effect-dampak-dana-rp200-t-bagi-ekonomi/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Katalis utami saking ''Purbaya Effect'' inggih punika kabijakan kapisanipun kanggé ngrélokasi dana Saldo Anggaran Langkung (SAL) kathahipun Rp200 triliun saking Bank Indonésia dhateng bank-bank kagunganipun negari.<ref name=":2" /> Ancas ingkang dipunpratélakaken inggih punika kanggé nambah likuiditas perbankan supados saged nyurung panyaluran krédit. Pendekatan punika konsistèn kaliyan saran kabijakan ingkang naté panjenenganipun aturaken nalika pandemi COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloombergtechnoz.com/detail-news/83736/purbaya-effect-ini-arah-saham-bank-himbara|title=Purbaya Effect: Ini Arah Saham Bank Himbara - Market|website=www.bloombergtechnoz.com|language=en|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> Wujud awal saking èfèk punika katingal ing réaksi pasar ingkang manéka warni. Ing dinten kapisan Purbaya njabat, Indèks Rega Saham Gabungan (IHSG) ditutup apes 1,78%, ingkang dipun-atribusikaken déning para analis minangka gambaran kahanan mboten pastinipun invèstor. Sawangsulipun, nilai tukar Rupiah nèdahaken stabilitas rélatif ing périodhe ingkang sami.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/market/20250912123157-17-666450/ihsg-melesat-1-lebih-purbaya-effect-masih-lanjut|title=IHSG Melesat 1% Lebih, Purbaya Effect Masih Lanjut?|last=fsd|website=CNBC Indonesia|language=id|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> Kabijakan punika nuwuhaken analisis ingkang bènten saking kalangan ékonom. Sapérangan pihak nganggep punika minangka stimulus positip ingkang saged ngandhapaken suku bunga silihan lan ngobahaken sèktor riil. Sawetawis punika, pihak sanès nyuwantenaken kaatos-atosan, kanthi alesan bilih prakawis utaminipun mungkin sanès amargi kirangipun likuiditas, nanging amargi apesipun panyuwunan krédit. Risiko kados potènsi inflasi lan ''moral hazard'' ing sèktor perbankan ugi dados poin ingkang dipunsorot.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.viva.co.id/bisnis/1848481-dpr-minta-publik-beri-kesempatan-buktikan-purbaya-effect|title=DPR Minta Publik Beri Kesempatan Buktikan Purbaya Effect|last=Nugraha|first=Bayu|date=2025-09-13|website=www.viva.co.id|language=id|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> == Kagesangan pribadi == Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa krama kaliyan Ida Yulidina, ingkang minangka pamenang ajang Wajah Femina ing taun 1989.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/100002470588124/posts/6233572440068380/?mibextid=rS40aB7S9Ucbxw6v|title=me and husband|date=2023-05-31|website=facebook.com|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> Saking palakrami punika, kekalihipun dipunpeputra kalih putra, inggih punika Yuda Purboyo Sunu lan Yudo Achilles Sadewa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/6157367/purbaya-yudhi-sadewa-dari-insinyur-itb-hingga-sepak-terjangnya-sebagai-menteri-keuangan|title=Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa: Dari Insinyur ITB hingga Sepak Terjangnya Sebagai Menteri Keuangan|last=Liputan6.com|date=2025-09-12|website=liputan6.com|language=id|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> Putranipun, Yudo Achilles Sadewa, misuwur minangka satunggaling ''trader'' lan kreator kontèn. Purbaya piyambak naté nyebat Yudo minangka "si bocah trader" wonten ing setunggal unggahan médhia sosial ing taun 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jabar.tribunnews.com/news/1146143/sosok-yudo-sadewa-anak-menteri-keuangan-baru-main-trading-sejak-smp-kini-sudah-berpenghasilan|title=Sosok Yudo Sadewa Anak Menteri Keuangan Baru, Main Trading Sejak SMP Kini Sudah Berpenghasilan|website=Tribunjabar.id|language=id-ID|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> == Bandha kakayaan == Adhedhasar Lapuran Bandha Kakayaan Panyelenggara Negari (LHKPN) ingkang dipunaturaken dhateng Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) ing tanggal 11 Maret 2025 kanggé périodhe 2024, total bandha kakayaanipun Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa kacathet gunggungipun Rp39.210.000.000. Wonten ing lapuran kasebat, Purbaya kacathet mboten gadhah utang.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.idntimes.com/business/economy/harta-kekayaan-menkeu-purbaya-yudhi-sadewa-mencapai-rp39-2-m-00-4zd95-yfmw2y|title=Harta Kekayaan Menkeu Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa Mencapai Rp39,2 M|last=Pranasdita|first=Indira|date=2025-09-09|website=IDN Times|language=id|access-date=2025-09-13}}</ref> Ing ngandhap punika rincian saking bandha kakayaan kasebat: * '''Siti lan Wangunan''' Total regi asèt siti lan wangunan kagunganipun Purbaya dumugi Rp30.500.000.000. Sedaya asèt properti punika mapan ing Kitha Jakarta Kidul lan dipunlapuraken minangka asil piyambak. Rincianipun inggih punika: ** Siti lan Wangunan wiyaripun 2.152 m²/400 m² reginipun Rp13.000.000.000. ** Siti lan Wangunan wiyaripun 120 m²/100 m² reginipun Rp1.500.000.000. ** Siti wiyaripun 1.787 m² reginipun Rp16.000.000.000. * '''Piranti Transportasi lan Mesin''' Purbaya nglapuraken bilih panjenenganipun gadhah enem unit tetunggangan (kendaraan) kanthi total regi Rp3.606.000.000. Sedaya tetunggangan punika ugi dipunlapuraken minangka asil piyambak.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.insertlive.com/lifestyle/20250910071704-210-379592/adu-isi-garasi-menkeu-baru-purbaya-yudhi-vs-mantan-menkeu-sri-mulyani|title=Adu Isi Garasi Menkeu Baru Purbaya Yudhi vs Mantan Menkeu Sri Mulyani|last=ARM|website=lifestyle|language=id-ID|access-date=2025-09-13|archive-date=2025-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250919035509/https://www.insertlive.com/lifestyle/20250910071704-210-379592/adu-isi-garasi-menkeu-baru-purbaya-yudhi-vs-mantan-menkeu-sri-mulyani|url-status=dead}}</ref> Rincianipun inggih punika: ** Mobil Mercedes-Benz Sedan taun 2008, reginipun Rp200.000.000. ** Mobil BMW Jeep taun 2019, reginipun Rp1.600.000.000. ** Mobil Toyota Alphard Minibus taun 2019, reginipun Rp1.000.000.000. ** Mobil Peugeot Jeep New 5008 taun 2019, reginipun Rp730.000.000. ** Motor Yamaha XMAX BG6 AT taun 2018, reginipun Rp55.000.000. ** Motor Honda Vario 125 taun 2021, reginipun Rp21.000.000. * '''Asèt Sanèsipun''' ** Bandha Obah Sanèsipun: reginipun Rp684.000.000. ** Kas lan Setara Kas: reginipun Rp4.200.000.000. ** Surat Berharga: reginipun Rp220.000.000. == Pirsani uga == * [[Sri Mulyani Indrawati|Sri Mulyani]] * [[Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan]] == Rujukan == {{Reflist}} == Pranala njaba == {{Commonscat|Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa}} {{Wikiquote}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sadewa, Purbaya Yudhi}} [[Kategori:Mantri Ardana Indonésia]] [[Kategori:Tokoh Bogor]] {{indo-bio-stub}} 2lol7p8o07009jrmkdone71uvwib6th 0 200854 1756477 1756322 2026-09-15T10:01:37Z StellarMosaicWeaver 74522 mbenakake infobox 1756477 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" style="float:right; width:22em; border:1px solid #aaa; background:#f9f9f9; font-size:90%;" |- | colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;" | '''Gustavo Henrique Valente''' |- | '''Lair:''' || 1963<br>Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil |- | '''Padunungan:''' || São Paulo, Brasil |- | '''Warga negara:''' || Brasileiro |- | '''Alma mater:''' || New York University (Ph.D. em Finanças)<br>University of Chicago (M.S. em Finanças)<br>Universidade de São Paulo (Bacharelado em Economia) |- | '''Pakaryan:''' || professor de finanças, pesquisador de alocação global de ativos, consultor quantitativo de investimentos em IA |- | '''Kondhang amarga:''' || Fundador do Quantum Alpha Institute |- | '''Situs jaringan:''' || [https://www.profdrgustavohenriquevalente.com/ profdrgustavohenriquevalente.com] |} '''Gustavo Henrique Valente''' (lair 1963 ing Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil) iku profesor keuangan, peneliti alokasi aset global lan penasihat investasi kuantitatif AI saka Brasil. Dhèwèké minangka pangadeg [[Quantum Alpha Institute]].<ref name="official">{{cite web |title=Gustavo Henrique Valente – Professor of Finance & Founder Quantum Alpha Institute |url=https://www.profdrgustavohenriquevalente.com/ |access-date=2026-09-12}}</ref> == Pawiyatan lan karir == Valente pikantuk gelar Sarjana Ekonomi saka [[Universidade de São Paulo]], gelar Master Keuangan saka [[University of Chicago]], lan gelar Ph.D. Keuangan saka [[New York University]] kanthi riset ing microstructure pasar, manajemen risiko lan data frekuensi tinggi.<ref name="official" /> Dhèwèké nate makarya ing New York ing bidang makro global lan alokasi aset.<ref name="official" /> Filosofi investasine yaiku: "Investing is not about predicting the future — it is about managing uncertainty."<ref name="official" /> == Riset == Riseté fokus ing alokasi aset global, AI ing riset investasi, lan struktur pasar aset digital. Miturut artikel ''Hora Campinas'' taun 2026, dhèwèké ngembangaké kerangka alokasi global berbasis AI sing fokus ing siklus risiko.<ref name="hora">{{cite web |title=Hora Campinas 2026-07-07 – AI global allocation framework focused on risk cycles |url=https://horacampinas.com.br/ |access-date=2026-09-12}}</ref> == Karya == * ''Gestão de Risco Além dos Ciclos'' – Quantum Alpha Press, 29 Agustus 2026. EAN 9798997367756.<ref name="book">{{cite web |title=Gestão de Risco Além dos Ciclos – Bookshop.org |url=https://bookshop.org/ |access-date=2026-09-12}}</ref> == Rujukan == <references /> == Pranala njaba == * [https://www.profdrgustavohenriquevalente.com/ Situs resmi] [[Kategori:Lair 1963]] [[Kategori:Wong Brasil]] jj26uo8wd1iqy4qoepfldbkuvrr5et4 0 200861 1756466 2026-09-14T21:04:54Z Meursault2004 3 Rintisan saka [[:en:Sinking of the Virgo Transport 8|]] 1756466 wikitext text/x-wiki Klelepé baita Vkrgo transport 8 iku kadadéan ing tanggal 13 Sèptèmber2026. 8lde5l13an21qcqgfa7pit0jkkmsond 1756469 1756466 2026-09-15T04:14:39Z Meursault2004 3 ~ kategori 1756469 wikitext text/x-wiki Tanggal 13 Sèptèmber 2026, baita fèri '''Virgo Transport 8''' sing nganggo gendéra Indhonésia njomplang ing Sagara Jawa. Baita feri iku mangkat saka Surabaya, Jawa Wétan menyang Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Kidul, nggawa 243 wong lan 89 ratangga. Olèhé klelep iku marahi enem wong tiwas, déné 109 wong wis dislametaké lan 128 wong isih ilang. Baita fèri iki budhal saka Surabaya tanggal 12 September. Nalika lelungan nyabrang Sagara Jawa, baita fèri iki nemoni ''cuaca'' sing ora apik lan ombak gedhé. Kira-kira jam 2:00 esuk WITA (UTC+8) tanggal 13 Sèptèmber, kaptèn baita nglapuraké yèn baitané miring, iki dadi komunikasi pungkasan saka kapal iku sadurungé kontak ilang. Kantor SAR Banjarmasin (bagéan saka Basarnas) nampa lapuran baita sing ilang jam 4:10 ésuk saka Yoel Rihi, manajer umum PT Virgo, operator baita iku. Jam 5:30 ésuk, kapal penyelamat KN SAR Laksmana 241 dikirim menyang posisi pungkasan kapal sing dikira-kira; udakara 80 mil laut saka dermaga Pencarian lan Penyelamatan (SAR) Basirih ing Banjarmasin. [[Kategori:2026]] opdi07yp9eceznbxkrq45o234lpb25b 1756470 1756469 2026-09-15T04:15:15Z Meursault2004 3 + pranala 1756470 wikitext text/x-wiki Tanggal 13 Sèptèmber 2026, baita fèri '''Virgo Transport 8''' sing nganggo gendéra Indhonésia njomplang ing [[Sagara Jawa]]. Baita feri iku mangkat saka [[Surabaya]], Jawa Wétan menyang [[Banjarmasin]], Kalimantan Kidul, nggawa 243 wong lan 89 ratangga. Olèhé klelep iku marahi enem wong tiwas, déné 109 wong wis dislametaké lan 128 wong isih ilang. Baita fèri iki budhal saka Surabaya tanggal 12 September. Nalika lelungan nyabrang Sagara Jawa, baita fèri iki nemoni ''cuaca'' sing ora apik lan ombak gedhé. Kira-kira jam 2:00 esuk WITA (UTC+8) tanggal 13 Sèptèmber, kaptèn baita nglapuraké yèn baitané miring, iki dadi komunikasi pungkasan saka kapal iku sadurungé kontak ilang. Kantor SAR Banjarmasin (bagéan saka Basarnas) nampa lapuran baita sing ilang jam 4:10 ésuk saka Yoel Rihi, manajer umum PT Virgo, operator baita iku. Jam 5:30 ésuk, kapal penyelamat KN SAR Laksmana 241 dikirim menyang posisi pungkasan kapal sing dikira-kira; udakara 80 mil laut saka dermaga Pencarian lan Penyelamatan (SAR) Basirih ing Banjarmasin. [[Kategori:2026]] mh3htxgtq5c40s7s817re8n5xt4fy31 0 200862 1756472 2026-09-15T04:24:18Z Meursault2004 3 Rintisan saka [[:id:Suahasil Nazara|]] 1756472 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Suahasil Nazara''' (lair 23 Novèmber 1970) iku sawijiné ekonom lan akademisi Indonesia sing wis njabat dadi ''Menteri Keuangan'' Indhon;esia wiwit Sèptèmber 2026. Sadurungé, dhèwèké njabat dadi Wakil Menteri Keuangan Indhonésia wiwit taun 2019 nganti 2026 lan dadi dhosèn lan profèsor ing Universitas Indonesia. Sadurungé iku, wiwit taun 2016, dhèwèké njabat dadi Kepala Badan Kebijakan Fiskal Kementerian Keuangan Indonesia. [[Kategori:Lair 1970]] [[Kategori:Wong urip]] [[Kategori:Wong Nias]] j5igef06d5e49dcp0ms4gqm577kzxi4