Wikipedia kabwiki https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asebter_agejdan MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.3 first-letter Media Uslig Mmeslay Amseqdac Amyannan umsqedac Wikipedia Amyannan n Wikipedia Tugna Amyannan n tugna MediaWiki Amyannan n MediaWiki Talɣa Amyannan n talɣa Tallat Amyannan n tallat Taggayt Amyannan n taggayt Awwur Amyannan uwwur Asenfaṛ Amyannan usenfaṛ TimedText TimedText talk Module Discussion module Event Event talk Sujet 0 168 116543 116540 2026-05-27T09:25:15Z Gurzil90x 14292 Arniɣ-d ayen ilaqen 116543 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox biography}} D anaẓur alsawi, aflurunti (Ṭelyan), d amekla, d asreqqat, d amasdag, d ajenyur u d amassan. '''Leonardo da Vinci''' d Aṭuskani (agafa n Ṭelyan), ilul ass n 15 di yebrir 1452 di temdint [[Vinci]] zdat n [[Flurinsa|Firenze]]. Ar usegg°as 1466 ikcem d anelmad (''garzone'' akken i sen-qqaren di Ṭelyan) ad d-ilmed takult d usreqqet deg tnemselt n Andrea del Verrocchio (1435-1488). Seg useggas 1478 Léonard de Vinci yuɣal d [[taẓuri|anaẓur]] ilelli. Deg usegg°as 1482 Leonardo da Vinci ikcem d ajenyur n Ludovic Sforza, amḍebber (duc) n [[Milano]]. Deg useggas 1502 iqdec d ajenyur i César Borgia amḍebber n Romagne. Yuɣal ar Milan deg useggas 1506. Deg useggas 1507 iṭṭef amḍiq d amekla n [[Louis XII]] n [[Fransa]] izedɣen imiren di Milano. Seg usegg°as 1514 ar useggas 1516 idder di [[Rome]] s ddaw ijufar n Ubab (pape) [[Léon X]], izdeɣ di teɣremt Belvedère di "le [[Vatikan|Vatican]]", din iqqdec tussna. Deg useggas 1516 Leonardo da Vinci iwweḍ ar Fransa d aqeddac n [[François I]]. Asegg°as-ines aneggaru idder-it di teɣremt n Clos-Lucé, zdat n Amboise anda immut ass n 2 di magu 1519. Gar tiktulin n Léonard de Vinci llant: * Madone Benois (v. 1478, asalay (musée) n Ermitage, Saint-Pétersbourg). * Tugna n Ginevra Benci (1481, National Gallery, Washington). * Saint Jérôme ur ikfi ara (v. 1481, pinacothèque du Vatican). * La Vierge aux rochers, i deg llant snat n tugnatin (tamenzut, iga-tt deg usegg°as 1483, tella teḥrez di Louvre). * La Joconde (1503-1506, asalay n Louvre). Leonardo da Vinci d yiwen seg yimdanen imeqqranen akk i d-yellan deg umezruy n talsa. D amekla, d amassan, d amasnulfu, d amasnulfu n tmacinin, d amussnaw n tfekka n wemdan, d amussnaw n ugama. Isem-is yeqqen ɣer tallit n tlalit tamaynut n yidles d tussna deg Tuṛuft, andi yessaweḍ ad yesdukel taẓuri d tussna deg yiwen n uxemmem ur nesɛi ara tilisa. == Tameddurt-is s telqayt == === Tallalit d temẓi-s === Ilul Leonardo da Vinci deg wass n 15 yebrir n useggas 1452, deg yiwen n tudert meẓẓiyen i wumi qqaren Vinci, i d-yezgan qrib i temdint n Firenze deg tmurt n Iṭaliya. D mmi-s n Ser Piero da Vinci, yiwen n umsiraw, d Caterina, yiwet n tmeṭṭut taḥurrit. Ɣas akken ur d-yekkir ara deg yiwet n twacult tameẓyant s wudem unṣib, baba-s yerra tamawt ɣef tiɣri-s d usileɣ-is. Seg temẓi-s, Leonardo yemmal-d tawnafit tameqqrant ɣef ugama, yessen ad yessuneɣ s ufus-is tugniwin yessewhamen. === Almad d temhelt deg Firenze === Mi yesɛa azal n mraw d sḍis n yiseggasen, Leonardo yudef ɣer uxxam n umahil n Andrea del Verrocchio, yiwen seg yimeskla imeqqranen n tallit-nni deg Firenze. Dinna, yelmed taẓuri n ukla, n useggem n yimɣuzen, d tussna n tusnakt. Yessen ad yexdem s yimassanen yemgaraden, yelmed amek ara yesseqdec tafat d tilli. Tugna tamezwarut i ikkin deg usikel-is n tẓuri d tasemhuyt n waman, andi yessken tamussni-s tameqqrant deg usuneɣ n waman d yigenni. Deg useggas 1472, yuɣal d amekla unṣib, maca yeqqim yettmahal akked uselmad-is. === Tallit n Milan d yimeẓla imeqqranen === Deg useggas 1482, Leonardo yunag ɣer temdint n Milan, yexdem deg uxxam n Ludovico Sforza, agellid n temdint-nni. Deg tallit-a, Leonardo ur yexdim ara kan deg taẓuri, maca yexdem daɣen deg tesnujya, deg usnulfu n yimrigen n umgaru, d tussna n waman. Yessumer i ugellid-nni asnirem n yimrigen imaynuten n usɣimi d lmdafiɛ n lbarud d yimrigen n waman. Deg temdint n Milan i yessuneɣ yiwet seg tugniwin-is timeqqranen akk: Asihar aneggaru, i yessunɣen ɣef lḥiḍ n uxxam n yemdanen iqedsen. Tugna-a tettwassen s useqdec n usentel n yimdanen d wamek i ten-yessers deg tjumma. === Asikel, Roma, d Fṛansa === Seld n uɣelluy n Milan deg ufus n Iṛumyen deg useggas 1499, Leonardo yunag ɣer temdinin yemgaraden am Mantova d Venezia, sakkin yuɣal ɣer Firenze. Deg tallit-a i yessuneɣ tugna-nni i wumi qqaren Mona Lisa, i yellan d tugna tameẓyant s talɣa maca d tameqqrant s yisem-is d wudem n tmeṭṭut i yellan deg-s. Deg useggas 1513, yunag ɣer Roma andi yexdem deg uxxam n ubabam, maca ur yufi ara aṭas n tallelt. Deg useggas 1516, agellid n Fṛansa François I, yessuter-it ad yili deg uxxam-is deg temdint n Amboise. Leonardo yedda ɣer Fṛansa, yuɣal d amassan amezwaru n ugellid. Dinna, yexdem deg yisenfaren n tesnujya d usuddes n tfaskiwin. === Taggara n tmeddurt-is === Leonardo da Vinci yemmut deg wass n 2 mayu n useggas 1519, deg uxxam n Clos Lucé qrib i Amboise deg Fṛansa. Yemmut mi yesɛa 67 n yiseggasen. Ɣas akken tameddurt-is tfuk, ayen i d-yeǧǧa deg yidlisen-is n tezmilin d tugniwin-is yeqqim d ayen ur nettfaka ara i tussna d taẓuri. == Tussna d Tfelsaft-is: Tigawin-is deg Tussna, Tasnujya d Ugama == === Tafelsaft n Ugama d Tussna === Deg uxemmem n Leonardo da Vinci, taẓuri, tussna, d tfelsaft llant d yiwen n ubrid. Ur yumin ara belli amdan yezmer ad yefhem tilisa n ugama s useqdec n tussna kan war taẓuri, neɣ s taẓuri war tussna. I netta, kulci deg ugama yeqqen ɣer wayeḍ s wudem ur nettwali ara s wallen n wemdan aḥerfi. Yella yumen belli ilugan i yessedduyen aman deg wasif d nitni daɣen i yessedduyen idammen deg tfekka n wemdan, d wamek i tteddun yiferran n yimɣan deg waḍu. Tafelsaft-is tebna ɣef sin n yiḥricin igejdanen: annay s wudem ussnan d tirmit. Ur yelli ara yettamen s wayen i d-yuran deg yidlisen n zik kan, maca yella yessenqad, yettarem, yessawal i ugama i wakken ad as-d-yefk tiririt s yiman-is. === Tussna n Tfekka d Tesnajya === Gar tigawin-is timeqqranin akk deg tussna, nezmer ad nebder tussna n tfekka n wemdan. Leonardo yesleḍ aṭas n tfekkiwin n yimdanen d yiɣersiwen i wakken ad yissin amek i tella tfekka seg daxel, amek i tteddun igmanen-is. Yessuneɣ iɣsan, iẓẓuran, d yigmanen n wemdan s wudem ur nessin ara tilisa n telqayt. Yella d amezwaru i yesskanayen s wudem ussnan amek i yella ul n wemdan, amek i tteddun yigmanen mi ara yili umdan yedder, d wamek i tteddun wallen. Yessaweḍ daɣen ad yessuneɣ amded seg daxel n uɛebbuḍ n tyemmat, d wamek i yettnerni. Tira-s ɣef tfekka n wemdan qiment d asas i tesnajya tatrart, yerna ldint abrid i yimassanen i d-yusan sakin. === Timacinin === Leonardo ur yelli ara kan d amussnaw n ugama, maca d amasnulfu n timacinin i yezwaren tallit-is s waṭas n yiseggasen, neɣ s waṭas n tsuta. Deg yidlisen-is n tezmilin, yessuneɣ timacinin n waddud i yessawḍen ad ilin d amedya i yisafagen n wass-a. Yessenqad igḍaḍ s yelqayt, yelmed amek i tteddub yifer-nsen, yessumer timacinin i yezmren ad awin amdan deg ugenni. Yessuneɣ daɣen amrig i wumi qqaren asafag n waddud, win i yellan d amezwaru deg umezruy, i yesskanayen amek i yezmer ad yili umrig ara yawin amdan ɣer igenni s useqdec n tmawin yettezzin. Deg taɣult n umgaru, yexdem aṭas n yimrigen am ikerrusen imrigen, lmedfeɛ, d timacinin n unṭag i yettuseqdacen i uẓuy n yidɣaɣen ɣer yimukan yembaεden. Yessuneɣ ula d tixutam i wemgaru, i yellan am yimrigen n wass-a, akked yimrigen n waman i yessawḍen ad beddlen amek i ttilin yimenɣiyen deg yilel. === Tafizikt, Tusnakt d Tenzeggit === Deg tfizikt, Leonardo yelmed aṭas n tɣawsiwin ɣef taẓeyt. Yessenqad amek i tteddu tafat d tilli, yura aṭas n tezmilin ɣef wamek i gzunt wallen n wemdan tafat, d wamek i ttwalint initen. Yelmed daɣen tussna n waman, amek i tettekk tezɣelt n wakal, d wamek i ttruḥun isaffen. Yufa iɣersiwen d yimɣan n zik i yuɣalen d aẓru deg yidurar, yefhem belli akal anda llan yidurar-a yella zik d ilel. Tikti-a tella d tamaynut s waṭas deg tallit-nni, yerna tekcem-as azal ameqran deg tussna n wakal. Leonardo yesseqdec tusnakt iwakken ad isegzi ameɣraḍ d ugama. * '''Amdan n Vitruve:''' D yiwet seg tugniwin-is yettwassnen aṭas, anda i d-yesken amdan yebded deg tlemmast n '''wemkuẓ''' d '''umnenniḍ'''. Tugna-ya tesskan-d assaɣ (relatif) d lqis amekmil gar yiferdisen n tfekka n umdan akk d tenzeggit. * Yella yeqqar: ''"Ur d-yettader ɣer yidlisen-iw win ur nelli d amusnak (mathématicien)."'' Ɣer Da Vinci, tanzeggit d llsas n yal timusni, alammi i d-yenna wawal-is yettwassnen: "Ur iyi-d-iɣerri ara win ur nelli d amusnak". Ayen i d-yewwi d amaynut mačči d asider n yilugan imaynuten deg tusnakt s timmad-is am wamek xedmen yimusnaken imeqqranen n zzman-is neɣ wid i t-id-iḍefren, maca d asdukkel-is ameqqran gar tusnakt lqayen akked taẓuri, d useqdec-is i tenzeggit iwakken ad yefhem asuddes n txelqit. Yekkes tilisa gar ayen yellan d tussna d wayen yellan d taẓuri, yerra-ten d yiwen n webrid i d-yettawin ɣer tidet. Deg uḥric n teklut, Leonardo yesseqdec tanzeggit akken ad d-yesnulfu arid imzireg s wudem yeflalen i d-yettaken udem n tilawt i tfelwiyin-is. Deg tfelwit n "Imensi Aneggaru", nettaf belli yal izirig yeffɣen yettemlil deg yiwen n wammas, ayen i d-yesseknen belli yesseqdec iqɛiden n tusnakt iwakken ad yekkel allal n tmuɣli n umdan('''ad iɣurr tiṭ''' '''n wumdan deg tmuɣli-s'''). Askar i yesseqdec deg tmuɣli-a yebna ɣef yimyerren inzegganen n tfekka d wemkan, ayen i yeǧǧan iẓri n wemdan ad yekcem deg telqayt n tfelwit amzun akken yella daxel-is. Yenna-d daɣen aṭas ɣef tmeẓla n tfekka n wumdan d wamek tetteddu d tenzeggit. Tugna-ines yettwassnen aṭas, "Amdan n Vitruvius", d agzul n tikti-a. Deg-s, yessebgan-d wamek tafekka n wemdan, mi ara d-teldi ifassen-is d yiḍarren-is, tzemmer ad tekcem s tseddi deg sin n yimkuẓen igejdanen n tenzeggit: amkuẓ d umnenniḍ. Ayagi yessebgan-d amṣada gar wemdan akked umeɣraḍ, anda lqis n tfekka yeṭṭafar ilugan n tusnakt. Rnu ɣef waya, amussnaw-a yexdem aṭas d umusnak Luca Pacioli, yerna i netta i d-yexdem tiwlafin tinzegganen i d-yesskanen "Amur Illawi neɣ Amḍan n wureɣ" deg udlis-is. Leonardo d amezwaru i d-yewwten ad d-yessken talɣiwin tinzegganin tis-kṛaḍiyin (3D) s wudem ifazen, ayen i d-yefkan abrid i tsegda tatrart. S yagi, yezmer ad d-yexdem aɣawas iwatan i yal tamacint neɣ allal uqbel ad t-yebnu. Yal tigawt deg tmacinin-is tebna ɣef usiḍen(leḥsab) n tusnakt d tenzeggit iwakken ad tili d tin ittcaren i wayen ara d-yeḍrun deg tilawt, mebla ma yeɣleṭ. Tamuɣli-ines ɣer tenzeggit tefka-as allal akken ad iwali ayen ur ttwalin ara wiyaḍ, d ubrid i yesseqdec iwakken ad iselḥu amussu n waman, tuzzya n yigenni, d usuddes n tfekka n wemdan. === Tizmilin d Tira n Lemri === Akk tussna-a, akk tigemmi-a n uxemmem, Leonardo yura-tt deg waṭas n tzmilin. Tira-s llant s ufus azelmaḍ, seg yeffus ɣer zelmaḍ. Tarrayt-a n tira, i wumi qqaren tira n lemri, tella i wakken ur tent-yettɣar ara win ur nelli d netta s wudem afraray, neɣ i wakken ad yeḥrez tiktiwin-is i yiman-is. Deg tzmamil-a, yella yessuneɣ unuɣen n timacinin, n tfekka n wemdan, n waman, n yigenni, d kra n wawalen i d-yesskanayen tafelsaft-is ɣef tudert, ɣef tmettant, d ɣef wadeg n wemdan deg ugama. == Muqel daɣen == * [[Donatello]] === Tamselyut === * [http://www.imyura.net/ Sɣur Mack A.A d Yusef A.Y] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812220445/http://www.imyura.net/ |date=2013-08-12 }} [[Taggayt:Tameddurt|Da Vinci, Leonardo]] [[Taggayt:Taẓuri|Da Vinci, Leonardo]] g125eo06e6jwzb9yovdlwnszahgibxj 0 15495 116541 86270 2026-05-27T09:19:31Z Abillardoo 16203 Abillardoo yebeddel isem n usebtar seg [[Algu]] ar [[Tileggit]] 86270 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} {{Datastub}} == Tilmas == [[Tugna:Retama raetam (Puntagorda) 01.jpg|thumb|Retama raetam - Algu<ref>'Amawal n Yemɣan - Lexique de plantes ' - Chabane Mohand u Remdane - Mémoire d'études en Agronomie - Université de Tizi ouzou (non daté ~années 80)</ref>]] [[Tugna:Retama raetam (Puntagorda) 02.jpg|thumb|Retama raetam - Algu]] == Ismawen == *Isem-is s latinit: Retama raetam *Isem-is s tefransist: *Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit: *Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt: == Isseqdac == == Tiwelhiwin == {{refs}} [[Taggayt:Imɣan]] hradbmoadm6gi6u8h0ueomv0deqxu8d 0 25481 116542 2026-05-27T09:19:32Z Abillardoo 16203 Abillardoo yebeddel isem n usebtar seg [[Algu]] ar [[Tileggit]] 116542 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECTION [[Tileggit]] 4b4o2btdmmzauxo14laudxutj0vj8lc