Wikipedia kabwiki https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asebter_agejdan MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.13 first-letter Media Uslig Mmeslay Amseqdac Amyannan umsqedac Wikipedia Amyannan n Wikipedia Tugna Amyannan n tugna MediaWiki Amyannan n MediaWiki Talɣa Amyannan n talɣa Tallat Amyannan n tallat Taggayt Amyannan n taggayt Awwur Amyannan uwwur Asenfaṛ Amyannan usenfaṛ TimedText TimedText talk Module Discussion module Event Event talk Sujet 0 25523 116961 116951 2026-07-31T23:49:24Z Gurzil90x 14292 seɣtiɣ kra n tuccḍiwin 116961 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tugna:Traianus Glyptothek Munich 72.jpg|vignette|Asebdad n uqerru n Trajan s arxam.]] '''Marcus Ulpius Traianus''', yettwassnen s yisem n '''Trajan''', d yiwen seg yimenkaden imeqqranen n Tmnekda taṛumanit. Ilul deg useggas n 53 S.Ɛ, yemmut deg useggas n 117. Yella d amenkad wis sin n twacult n yimenkaden yettwassnen s «Semmus n Yimenkaden Iggarzen», yerna yettwaḥseb d yiwen seg yimenkaden i yefkan azal ameqqran i Tmurt n Ṛuma deg umezruy-is akk. Deg tallit n udabu-is, seg 98 armi d 117, Tmurt neɣ tamnekda n Ṛuma tewweḍ ɣer teɣzi-ines tameqqrant akk deg umezruy, seg ugaraw n Atlantik armi d asif n Tigris deg [[Ɛiraq|lɛiraq]] n wass-a. == Tameddurt-is Tamezwarut d Waẓar-is == Trajan ilul-d deg temdint n ''Italica'', yellan di tmurt n ''Hispania Baetica'', ass-a yettwassnen s yisem n ''Sevilla'' deg tmurt n [[Spenyul|Spanya]]. Bab-as, ''Marcus Ulpius Traianus'', yella d amaslaḍ n usqamu n Ṛuma, yerna yella d amenzu n yiserdasen i yxedmen deg yimenɣiyen n usamar. Yemma-s tettwassen s yisem n ''Marcia'', yerna tella seg twacult tameqqrant n Ṛuma. Ɣas akken Trajan ilul-d berra n [[Ṭṭelyan|Ṭelyan]], twacult-is tella d tarumant s tidet, seg tewsit n ''Ulpii''. Bab-as yella d amdan yettwassnen deg tsertit d yimenɣiyen, yerna yewwi-d azal ameqqran deg umennuɣ mgal Iyahudiyen deg useggas n 70. Ayagi yefka i Trajan asileɣ ameqqran deg tsertit d yimenɣiyen seg temẓi-ines. Deg temẓi-ines, Trajan yelmed taserdasit d tsertit. Yekcem ɣer yiserdasen n Ṛuma, yerna yexdem deg waṭas n yimukan. Yella d aqerru n tredsa tis Sa, yerna yexdem deg tmurt n ''Germania'' d tmurt n ''Pannonia''. Deg useggas n 91, yettwafernen d aqunṣul, d ayen i d-yeskanen belli yella d amdan yettwassnen deg usqamu n Ṛuma. == Alluy-is ɣer Udabu == [[Tugna:Perge - Trajan.jpg|vignette|Asebdad n Trajan s wudem aserdas.]] Deg useggas n 96, amenkad [[Dumisyan]] yettwanɣa, yerna [[Nerva]] yuɣal d amenkad. Nerva yella d amɣar, ur yesɛi ara arraw, yerna yella deg wugur ameqqran acku yiserdasen ur t-ḥemmlen ara. Deg useggas n 97, [[Nerva]] yefren Trajan d mmi-s n usmemmi, yerna yerra-t d amenkad ara d-yasen deffir-s. Aya yella d tadyant tameqqrant deg umezruy n Ṛuma, acku d tikelt tamezwarut i deg amenkad yefren yiwen ur nelli seg twacult-is akken ad yuɣal d amenkad. Mi yemmut Nerva deg useggas n 98, Trajan yuɣal d amenkad n Tmnekda taṛumanit. Yella deg tmurt n Germania mi i s-d-wwin isalli n tmettant n Nerva. Ur yuɣal ara s zzerb ɣer Ṛuma; yeqqim kra n wakud deg yiri n Danub akken ad yesseḥbes tilisa. Mi yuɣal ɣer Ṛuma, yemmagar-it ugdud s tumert tameqqrant. == Imenɣiyen-is: Asseɣzef n Tmurt n Ṛuma == === Amennuɣ Amenzu mgal n ''Dacia'' === Deg useggas n 101, Trajan yebda amennuɣ-is amezwaru mgal n tmurt n ''Dacia'', yellan ass-a di tmurt n [[Rumanya|Ṛumanya]]. Agellid n ''Dacia'', Decebalus, yella d amdan iɣudan, yerna yella yettḥuddu tilisa n Ṛuma. Trajan yewwi asif n Danub s tleggit(tiqenṭert) tameqqrant i d-yebna ajenyuṛ ''Apollodorus'' n Damas, yerna yekcem ɣer tmurt n Dacia. Amennuɣ-a yewwi-d sin n yiseggasen, seg 101 armi d 102. Deg taggara, ''Decebalus'' yeqbel talwit, yerna yuɣal d ameddakel n Ṛuma. Maca talwit-agi ur teqɛid ara aṭas. === Amennuɣ Wis Sin mgal n Dacia === Deg useggas n 105, Trajan yuɣal ɣer ''Dacia'' acku ''Decebalus'' yerẓa agatu n talwit. Amennuɣ-a wis sin yella meqqer ugar n win amezwaru. Trajan yessekcem aṭas n yiserdasen, yerna yewwi-d tamurt n Dacia s timmad-is. Deg useggas n 106, ''Decebalus'' yenɣa iman-is akken ur yettwaṭṭef ara. Tamurt n Dacia tuɣal d tamnaḍt tarumanit, yerna Trajan yewwi-d aṭas n wureɣ d wuẓref seg tmurt-nni. Ayagi yefka-as tazmert akken ad yebnu aṭas n tidumṣukin deg Ṛuma. === Amennuɣ mgal n ''Parthia'' === Deg useggas n 113, Trajan yebda amennuɣ-is aneggaru mgal n tmurt n Parthia, yellan deg usamar. Amennuɣ-a yebda s sebba n tmurt n ''Armenia'', ideg ''Parthia'' tebɣa ad tessekcem agellid ur nebɣi ara Ṛuma. Trajan yekcem ɣer ''Armenia'', yerna yerra-tt d tamnaḍt tarumanit. Syin, yedda ɣer tmurt n ''Mesopotamia'', yekcem ɣer temdint n ''Ctesiphon'', tamaneɣt n ''Parthia''. Yewweḍ armi d asif n Tigris, yerna yella d amenkad amezwaru n Ṛuma i yewwḍen ɣer yiri n ''Persia''. Maca amennuɣ-a ur yefuk ara akken yebɣa Trajan. Deg useggas n 117, llan aṭas n yimenɣiyen deg yimukan niḍen, yerna Trajan yuḍen. Yemmut deg temdint n ''Selinus'', deg tmurt n ''Cilicia'', ass-a deg tmurt n Ṭurk. == Timṣukin-is(Ibennayen-is) d Yisenfaren-is == Trajan yettwassen s waṭas n yibennayen i d-yebna. Gar-asen: [[Tugna:Trajan's Column HD.jpg|vignette|299x299px|Tigejdit n Trajan]] '''Tigejdit n Trajan:''' D tigejdit tameqqrant i d-yebna deg useggas n 113, tella deg wemkan n Trajan deg Ṛuma. Tezga ɣef 30 n yimitren n teɣzi, yerna deg-s llan aṭas n wunuɣen i d-yeskanen imenɣiyen n Dacia. Tigejdit-agi mazal-itt ar ass-a, yerna d yiwen seg yibennayen i yeqqimen seg tallit n Ṛuma. '''Anmager n Trajan:''' D amkan ameqqran i d-yebna deg wul n Ṛuma. Deg-s yella usqamu, tamkarḍit, tizeɣwa, d waṭas n yibennayen niḍen. Amkan-agi yella d amezwaru seg yimukan n yimenkaden n Ṛuma. '''Tileggit n Trajan:''' D tleggit tameqqrant i d-yebna ɣef wasif n Danub, teqqen gar snat n yidis n wasif. Tezga ɣef ugar n 1000 n yimitren n teɣzi, yerna tella d tleggit tameqqrant akk deg umaḍal deg tallit-nni. '''Abrid n Trajan:''' D abrid i d-yebna deg yiri n Danub, yettawi seg Ṛuma armi d yiri n yilel n Aswad. Abrid-agi yella d axatar i yiserdasen d yimsiklen. '''Aman n Trajan:''' D yiwen seg yiberdan n waman i d-yebna akken ad d-yawi aman ɣer Ṛuma. Abrid-agi n waman yezga ɣef ugar n 60 n yikilumitren. == Tasertit-is == Trajan yella d amenkad i yefkan azal ameqqran i ugdud. Yesseɣzef asuddes n wučči baṭel i yigellilen n Ṛuma, yerna yesnerni asuddes n «alimenta», i d-yettaken idrimen i yigerdan igellilen deg tmura n Ṭelyan. Yefka azal ameqqran i tsertit n yimukan. Yura aṭas n tebratin i yinemhalen n tmnaḍin, am ''Pliny Ameẓyan'', i yellan d anemhal n tmurt n ''Bithynia''. Tibratin-agi, yettwassnen s yisem n «Epistulae», d tiɣbula timeqqranin i uselmed n tsertit tarumanit. Trajan yella daɣen d amenkad i yefkan azal i tlelli n usqamu n Sina. Ur yella ara d amenkad aɣrudan am [[Dumisyan]]; yella yettqadar isqamuyen, yerna yefka-asen tazmert akken ad xedmen axeddim-nsen. Deg wayen yeɛnan imasiḥiyen, Trajan yura tabrat i ''Pliny Ameẓyan'' ideg as-d-yenna belli ur ilaq ara ad yettnadi ɣef yimasiḥiyen s timmad-is, maca ma yella yiwen yettwaḥkem fell-as, ilaq ad yettwaɛaqeb. Tabrat-agi tella d tazwart i tsertit n Ṛuma mgal n yimasiḥiyen. == Tameddurt-is Tusligt == Trajan yezweǧ d ''Pompeia Plotina'', tameṭṭut yettwassnen s tegzi-s d tmusni-s. Ur sɛin ara arraw, d ayen i d-yerran Trajan ad yefren Hadriyan d mmi-s n usuddem. Trajan yettwassen daɣen s leḥmala-ines i waddal d yimenɣiyen. Yella iḥemmel ad yegmer, yerna yella iḥemmel ad yeddu d yiserdasen-is deg yimenɣiyen. Ur yelli ara d amenkad i yeqqimen deg usalay-is; yella yetteddu d yiserdasen, yettečč yid-sen, yettidir tudert-nsen. == Tamettant-is d Wayen i d-Yeǧǧa == [[Tugna:Traianus Glyptothek Munich 336.jpg|vignette|Asebdad n uqerru n Trajan.]] Trajan yemmut deg useggas n 117 deg temdint n ''Selinus'', deg tmurt n ''Cilicia''. Yella yuḍen, yerna yemmut mi yella yettuɣal seg umennuɣ n ''Parthia''. Deffir-s, Hadriyan yuɣal d amenkad. Hadriyan yerra-as tajmilt tameqqrant i Trajan. Yerra-t d «Optimus Princeps», lmeɛna-s «Amenkad Amellay Akk». Asqamu n Ṛuma yerra-t d ayuc(illu), yerna yuɣal d yiwen seg yimenkaden yettwaɛebden deffir tmettant-nsen. === Ayen i d-yeǧǧa Trajan deg umezruy d ameqqran: === Yesseɣzef Tmurt n Ṛuma ɣer teɣzi-ines tameqqrant akk. Yebna aṭas n yibennayen i mazal-iten ar ass-a. Yefka amedya n umenkad amellay, i yeqqaren s leḥmala d teɣdemt. Yesnerni tadamsa n Tmurt n Ṛuma s wayen i d-yewwi seg yimenɣiyen. Yefka azal i tsertit n yimukan(timnaḍin) d tlelli n ugdud. == Tagrayt == Trajan yettwaḥseb d yiwen seg yimenkaden imeqqranen akk deg umezruy n Ṛuma. Tameddurt-is d amedya n umenkad i yexedmen i ugdud-is, i yebnan, i yemnuɣen, yerna i yefkan azal i teɣdemt d tlelli. Deg tallit-is, Tamnekda n Ṛuma tewweḍ ɣer teɣzi-ines tameqqrant, yerna ibennayen-is mazal-iten d inagan n tmeqqranit n tallit-nni. Isem-is yeqqim deg umezruy d azamul n udabu amellay d yimenɣiyen imeqqranen. 4065nteqx85cahwmbjysbrwynakd906 0 25524 116960 116959 2026-07-31T23:48:16Z Gurzil90x 14292 Arniɣ-d ayen ilaqen 116960 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tugna:Togato, I sec dc. con testa di restauro da un ritratto di nerva, inv. 2286.JPG|vignette|Asebdad n umenkad aṛumani Nerva.]] '''Nerva''' neɣ '''Marcus Cocceius Nerva''' d yiwen seg yimenkaden imeqqranen n Tmenkda Taṛumanit. Yeṭṭef adabu gar iseggasen 96 d 98 S.Ɛ (Seld Ɛisa). Ɣas akken '''tanzagt''' n unbaḍ-is tella d tawezlant aṭas, tallit-is tella d tigejdit deg umezruy aṛumani. D netta i d amenzu deg n wayen umi neqqar "Semmus n Yimenkaden Igerrzen", wid i d-yewwin talwit, '''amnekni''' d tezmert i tmurt. == Tawuri Tazayezt Ddaw Imenkaden Izwaren == Nerva yexdem ddaw kraḍ n yimenkaden uqbel ad yuɣal d amenkad s timmad-is: '''Ddaw Neiru:''' Yella d ameddakel yerna d amsewsi n umenkad [[Niru]]. Deg tallit-a, yekcem ar ugraw n yimcewwṛen n umenkad. '''Ddaw [[Vespasyan]] d [[Titus]]:''' Yekemmel tawuri-ines tasertant, yerna yettwafren d aqunṣul (amenzu n uwanek) deg useggas 71. '''Ddaw [[Dumisyan]]:''' Yella d aqunṣul i tikkelt tis snat deg useggas 90, yerna yeqqim d aɛeggal n ugraw n yimcewwṛen n umenkad. Deg yal tallit, Nerva yettwassen s leḥnana-ines, s tmusni-ines n usaḍuf(lqanun), yerna s tezmert-is n usefru d tira n yisefra. == Awway ar Ukursi n Tgelda == Ass n 18 ctember 96, amenkad [[Dumisyan]] yettwenɣa s yifassen n yimcewwṛen-is d yemdanen i t-iqeṛṛben. Aṭas n yiseggasen, Dumisyan yella yessenker tugdi d lḥif gar yimdanen n tmenkda, yerna yella yeḥkem s ufus n ṭṭrad. Mmi yettwenɣa Dumisyan, Agraw n Usqamu n Sina yefren Nerva d amenkad amaynut. Nerva yesɛa azal n 65 neɣ 66 n yiseggasen mi yettwafren, d netta i d amenkad amenzu i yettwafernen s ufus n Sina, mačči s ufus n yiserdasen. == Tasertit d Yisentalen n Wenbaḍ-is == Nerva yebda anbaḍ-is s ubeddel n tsertit n Dumisyan. Gar wayen yexdem: === Taɣdemt d Tlelli === Yegdel anɣi n yimcewwṛen; yenna-d belli ur yettwanɣ ara yiwen seg usqamu n Sina deg tallit n wenbaḍ-is. Yessefsex akk izmaẓen(icaraɛen) n « tkerkas » i d-yessker Dumisyan. Yessekcem-d akk imdanen i yettwanfan ɣer berra n tmnekda, yerna yerr-asen-d ayla-nsen. === Tadamsa d Tmetti === Yesseɣli kra n tewsitin ɣef yegduden. Yefka akal i yegduden igellilen. Yessker-d anagraw n « alimenta »: d tallalt n yedrimen i yigerdan igellilen n Ṭelyan, akken ad sɛun ayen ara ččen yerna ad ɣren. Yesseɣti tadamsa n tmnekda, yerna yessebded isuḍaf imaynuten i weḥrez n yedrimen n uwanek. === Lebni d Usseɣti === Yebna ikufiyen di Ṛuma. Yesseɣti iberdan d yisuka n waman. Yerna ikemmel kra n yisenfaren n lebni i d-yeǧǧa [[Dumisyan]]. == Uguren n Wenbaḍ == Nerva, ɣas akken yella d amdan n leḥnana, iqubel uguren imeqqranen: Iserdasen ur t-ḥemmlen ara: Taserdest (garde prétorienne) tella tḥemmel Dumisyan, yerna ur teqbil ara Nerva. Deg useggas 97, yiserdasen n tserdest ṭṭfen Nerva deg uxxam-is, suturen-as ad ten-yeǧǧ ad nɣen wid i yenɣan Dumisyan. Ulac-as aɛeggal n twacult ara yuɣalen d amenkad: Nerva ur yesɛi ara arraw, yerna yella d amɣar. Ayagi yella d ugur ameqqran i tgelda. == Asmemmi n Trajan: Tigawt Tameqqrant == Tigawt tameqqrant akk i yexdem Nerva deg wenbaḍ-is d asmemmi n ''Marcus Ulpius Traianus'' (''[[Trajan]]'') d mmi-s d amekkes-ines. Deg tuber 97, Nerva yewwi Trajan ar wexxam n Yupiter di teqacuct n Kapitul, yenna-d zdat medden: « Ad yili lxiṛ i yiman-iw d uwanek, smemmeɣ Trajan ». Trajan yella d aserdas ameqqran, yettwassen s tezmert-is, yerna yettwaḥemmel sɣur yiserdasen. S tigawt-a, Nerva yefra ugur n uḍfar n wenbaḍ. Yessebded tallit n « Yimenkaden Imellayen » (Nerva-Antonine dynasty). Yessken belli amenkad yezmer ad yettwaferen s tmusni d tezmert, mačči s idammen n twacult kan. == Tamettant == Nerva yemmut ass n 27 yennayer 98 di Ṛuma, deg uxxam-is di « Urti n Salluste » (Gardens of Sallust). Yemmut seg waṭṭan n tawla i d-yekkan deffir n yiwen n « stroke » (tameɣlust n wallaɣ). Anbaḍ-is yeddem kan 16 n wayyuren. Mmi yemmut, [[Trajan]] yuɣal d amenkad s talwit, mebla idammen, mebla tagrawla. Nerva deffir tamettant-is, iɣes-is ttwameḍlan deg « Uẓekka n Augustus » di Ṛuma. == Azal-is deg Umezruy == Nerva yettwaḥsab d amenzu seg « Semmus Yimenkaden Imellayen » (Five Good Emperors): Nerva, Trajan, Hadriyan, Antonin le Pieux, d Mark Urilus, ɣas akken anbaḍ-is yella d awezzlan, azal-is meqqer: Yessuffeɣ tamnekda seg tallit n tagdi d lḥif n Dumisyan. Yessebded ansay n usmemmir s tmusni (méritocratie) deg umkan n uḍfar s idammen u Yyeldi tawwurt i tallit n wureɣ n tmnekda taṛumanit. Yessken belli talemmast d leḥnana zemren ad sseɣtin ayen yerẓan. Imezrayen am ''Tacitus'' d ''Pline le Jeune'' nnan-d belli Nerva yella d amdan n leḥnana, n tmusni, yerna n teɣdemt, maca yella daɣen d amdan ur nesɛi ara tazmert tameqqrant n uḥakem imi yella d amɣar yerna ur yesɛi ara tiserdas i t-iḥemmlen. kifv15upjsnpr6die7ys5ip9s8dlfqh 116962 116960 2026-08-01T09:55:09Z Gurzil90x 14292 Arniɣ-d ayen ilaqen 116962 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tugna:Togato, I sec dc. con testa di restauro da un ritratto di nerva, inv. 2286.JPG|vignette|Asebdad n umenkad aṛumani Nerva.]] '''Nerva''' neɣ '''Marcus Cocceius Nerva''' d yiwen seg yimenkaden imeqqranen n Tmenkda Taṛumanit. Yeṭṭef adabu gar iseggasen 96 d 98 S.Ɛ (Seld Ɛisa). Ɣas akken '''tanzagt''' n unbaḍ-is tella d tawezlant aṭas, tallit-is tella d tigejdit deg umezruy aṛumani. D netta i d amenzu deg n wayen umi neqqar "Semmus n Yimenkaden Igerrzen", wid i d-yewwin talwit, '''amnekni''' d tezmert i tmurt. == Tawuri Tazayezt Ddaw Imenkaden Izwaren == Nerva yexdem ddaw kraḍ n yimenkaden uqbel ad yuɣal d amenkad s timmad-is: '''Ddaw Neiru:''' Yella d ameddakel yerna d amsewsi n umenkad [[Niru]]. Deg tallit-a, yekcem ar ugraw n yimcewwṛen n umenkad. '''Ddaw [[Vespasyan]] d [[Titus]]:''' Yekemmel tawuri-ines tasertant, yerna yettwafren d aqunṣul (amenzu n uwanek) deg useggas 71. '''Ddaw [[Dumisyan]]:''' Yella d aqunṣul i tikkelt tis snat deg useggas 90, yerna yeqqim d aɛeggal n ugraw n yimcewwṛen n umenkad. Deg yal tallit, Nerva yettwassen s leḥnana-ines, s tmusni-ines n usaḍuf(lqanun), yerna s tezmert-is n usefru d tira n yisefra. == Awway ar Ukursi n Tgelda == Ass n 18 ctember 96, amenkad [[Dumisyan]] yettwenɣa s yifassen n yimcewwṛen-is d yemdanen i t-iqeṛṛben. Aṭas n yiseggasen, Dumisyan yella yessenker tugdi d lḥif gar yimdanen n tmenkda, yerna yella yeḥkem s ufus n ṭṭrad. Mmi yettwenɣa Dumisyan, Agraw n Usqamu n Sina yefren Nerva d amenkad amaynut. Nerva yesɛa azal n 65 neɣ 66 n yiseggasen mi yettwafren, d netta i d amenkad amenzu i yettwafernen s ufus n Sina, mačči s ufus n yiserdasen. == Tasertit d Yisentalen n Wenbaḍ-is == Nerva yebda anbaḍ-is s ubeddel n tsertit n Dumisyan. Gar wayen yexdem: === Taɣdemt d Tlelli === Yegdel anɣi n yimcewwṛen; yenna-d belli ur yettwanɣ ara yiwen seg usqamu n Sina deg tallit n wenbaḍ-is. Yessefsex akk izmaẓen(icaraɛen) n « tkerkas » i d-yessker Dumisyan. Yessekcem-d akk imdanen i yettwanfan ɣer berra n tmnekda, yerna yerr-asen-d ayla-nsen. === Tadamsa d Tmetti === Yesseɣli kra n tewsitin ɣef yegduden. Yefka akal i yegduden igellilen. Yessker-d anagraw n « alimenta »: d tallalt n yedrimen i yigerdan igellilen n Ṭelyan, akken ad sɛun ayen ara ččen yerna ad ɣren. Yesseɣti tadamsa n tmnekda, yerna yessebded isuḍaf imaynuten i weḥrez n yedrimen n uwanek. === Lebni d Usseɣti === Yebna ikufiyen di Ṛuma. Yesseɣti iberdan d yisuka n waman. Yerna ikemmel kra n yisenfaren n lebni i d-yeǧǧa [[Dumisyan]]. == Uguren n Wenbaḍ == Nerva, ɣas akken yella d amdan n leḥnana, iqubel uguren imeqqranen: Iserdasen ur t-ḥemmlen ara: Taserdest (garde prétorienne) tella tḥemmel Dumisyan, yerna ur teqbil ara Nerva. Deg useggas 97, yiserdasen n tserdest ṭṭfen Nerva deg uxxam-is, suturen-as ad ten-yeǧǧ ad nɣen wid i yenɣan Dumisyan. Ulac-as aɛeggal n twacult ara yuɣalen d amenkad: Nerva ur yesɛi ara arraw, yerna yella d amɣar. Ayagi yella d ugur ameqqran i tgelda. == Asmemmi n Trajan: Tigawt Tameqqrant == Tigawt tameqqrant akk i yexdem Nerva deg wenbaḍ-is d asmemmi n ''Marcus Ulpius Traianus'' (''[[Trajan]]'') d mmi-s d amekkes-ines. Deg tuber 97, Nerva yewwi Trajan ar wexxam n Yupiter di teqacuct n Kapitul, yenna-d zdat medden: « Ad yili lxiṛ i yiman-iw d uwanek, smemmeɣ Trajan ». Trajan yella d aserdas ameqqran, yettwassen s tezmert-is, yerna yettwaḥemmel sɣur yiserdasen. S tigawt-a, Nerva yefra ugur n uḍfar n wenbaḍ. Yessebded tallit n « Yimenkaden Imellayen » (Nerva-Antonine dynasty). Yessken belli amenkad yezmer ad yettwaferen s tmusni d tezmert, mačči s idammen n twacult kan. == Tamettant == Nerva yemmut ass n 27 yennayer 98 di Ṛuma, deg uxxam-is di « Urti n Salluste » (Gardens of Sallust). Yemmut seg waṭṭan n tawla i d-yekkan deffir n yiwen n « stroke » (tameɣlust n wallaɣ). Anbaḍ-is yeddem kan 16 n wayyuren. Mmi yemmut, [[Trajan]] yuɣal d amenkad s talwit, mebla idammen, mebla tagrawla. Nerva deffir tamettant-is, iɣes-is ttwameḍlan deg « Uẓekka n Augustus » di Ṛuma. == Azal-is deg Umezruy == [[Tugna:Nerva bust Cologne cropped left.png|vignette|Asebdad n uqerru n Nerva.]] Nerva yettwaḥsab d amenzu seg « Semmus Yimenkaden Imellayen » (Five Good Emperors): Nerva, Trajan, Hadriyan, Antonin le Pieux, d Mark Urilus, ɣas akken anbaḍ-is yella d awezzlan, azal-is meqqer: Yessuffeɣ tamnekda seg tallit n tagdi d lḥif n Dumisyan. Yessebded ansay n usmemmir s tmusni (méritocratie) deg umkan n uḍfar s idammen u Yyeldi tawwurt i tallit n wureɣ n tmnekda taṛumanit. Yessken belli talemmast d leḥnana zemren ad sseɣtin ayen yerẓan. Imezrayen am ''Tacitus'' d ''Pline le Jeune'' nnan-d belli Nerva yella d amdan n leḥnana, n tmusni, yerna n teɣdemt, maca yella daɣen d amdan ur nesɛi ara tazmert tameqqrant n uḥakem imi yella d amɣar yerna ur yesɛi ara tiserdas i t-iḥemmlen. 589niitnc6rx8xldk6dtirg1rckbi71 0 25525 116963 2026-08-01T10:08:38Z Gurzil90x 14292 Amagrad amaynut 116963 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tugna:Bust Hadrian Musei Capitolini MC817.jpg|vignette|Asebdad n uqerru n Hadriyan.]] '''Hadriyan''', isem-is ummid '''Publius Aelius Hadrianus''', d yiwen seg yimenkaden imeqqranen n tmnekda Taṛumanit. Yeṭṭef adabu seg 117 armi d 138 deffir Ɛisa, yerna yettwaḥseb gar « Semmus n Yimenkaden Yelhan » i yesɛan azal d ameqqran deg umezruy n Ṛuma. D netta i d amenkad amezwaru i yeṭṭfen tamart-is s timmad, yerna d netta i yessnulfan tarrayt tamaynut n usefrek n tmnekda s usikel d usenqed n yal tamnaḍt. rpknuwybvof5gullrz4b9hpilwk5u9c