Wikipedia kabwiki https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asebter_agejdan MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.17 first-letter Media Uslig Mmeslay Amseqdac Amyannan umsqedac Wikipedia Amyannan n Wikipedia Tugna Amyannan n tugna MediaWiki Amyannan n MediaWiki Talɣa Amyannan n talɣa Tallat Amyannan n tallat Taggayt Amyannan n taggayt Awwur Amyannan uwwur Asenfaṛ Amyannan usenfaṛ TimedText TimedText talk Module Discussion module Event Event talk Sujet 0 5271 117279 117276 2026-09-01T15:40:01Z Gurzil90x 14292 arniɣ ayen ilaqen 117279 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Ẓer taynisemt|Smith}} {{Infobox biography}} '''Adam Smith''' (ilul deg yunyu 1723 deg Kirkcaldy – yemmut ass n 17 yulyu 1790 deg Edinburgh) d afelsuf d umsadmas askusi. Yettwaḥsab d yiwen gar yirgazen imeqqranen n Tallit n '''''Tafat n Skusya''''', yerna d netta i d « Baba n tdamsa tatrart » akked tlibiralit tadamsant. Amur ameqqran n tmahilt-ines yebna ɣef tesleḍt n wamek tebded tmetti, amek leḥḥun yigadazen (ulzuzen), d wamek i d-tettili tbaɣurt deg yiɣlanen. Sin n yidlisen-is imeqqranen d ''Tiẓri n Yiḥulfan Imadwanen'' (1759) akked ''Tazrawt ɣef Ugama d Yisragen n Tbaɣurt n Yiɣlanen'' (1776, i yettwassnen s yisem aḥerfi: ''Tabaɣurt n Yiɣlanen''). == 1. Tameddurt == === 1.1. Temẓi d Tezrawin === Adam Smith ilul deg temdint n Kirkcaldy deg tmurt n Skusya. Baba-s (i yesɛan yisem-is daɣen Adam Smith) yella d amsenqad n tedwant, yemmut kra n wayyuren kan uqbel talalit n mmi-s. D yemma-s, Margaret Douglas, i t-id-yessrebban. Deg useggas n 1737, mi yesɛa 14 n yiseggasen deg leɛmer-is, yekcem ɣer Tesdawit n Glasgow iwakken ad iɣer tafelsafit tuzzmant (tamuralit) s ddaw n tmehla n ufelsuf Francis Hutcheson. Deg useggas n 1740, ikemmel tezrawin-ines deg Tesdawit n Oxford (deg Balliol College). === 1.2. Tikli Tamazzagt === Deg 1748, yebda yettak-d isaragen deg Edinburgh ɣef tsekla d tesnukyist. Deg 1751, yuɣal d aselmad n tesnukyist deg Tesdawit n Glasgow, sin akin deg 1752, yeṭṭef amkan n uselmad n tflasuft tuzzmant. Gar 1764 d 1766, yunag ɣer Fransa d Taswist am umɛellem n ''Buccleuch''. Dinna yemlal d yifelsufen d yimsadmasen imeqqranen n tallit-nni, gar-asen [[Voltaire]], Jean-Jacques Rousseau, François Quesnay, d Anne Robert Jacques Turgot (wid iwumi qqaren Ifizyukraten). Inig-a yefka-as tagnit ad yernu ad yessegri tikta-s ɣef tdamsa. ==Ayen yura Adam Smith== *The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759) *An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776) [[Category:Tameddurt]][[Category:Afelsuf]][[Category:Ademsan]] 5xaxztq7ibx5iybo46aiabrfdickrlb 117280 117279 2026-09-01T15:42:06Z Gurzil90x 14292 seɣtiɣ kra n tuccḍiwin 117280 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Ẓer taynisemt|Smith}} {{Infobox biography}} '''Adam Smith''' (ilul deg yunyu 1723 deg Kirkcaldy – yemmut ass n 17 yulyu 1790 deg Edinburgh) d afelsuf d umsadmas askusi. Yettwaḥsab d yiwen gar yirgazen imeqqranen n Tallit n '''''Tafat n Skusya''''', yerna d netta i d « Baba n tdamsa tatrart » akked tlibiralit tadamsant. Amur ameqqran n tmahilt-ines yebna ɣef tesleḍt n wamek tebded tmetti, amek leḥḥun yigadazen (ulzuzen), d wamek i d-tettili tbaɣurt deg yiɣlanen. Sin n yidlisen-is imeqqranen d ''Tiẓri n Yiḥulfan Imadwanen'' (1759) akked ''Tazrawt ɣef Ugama d Yisragen n Tbaɣurt n Yiɣlanen'' (1776, i yettwassnen s yisem aḥerfi: ''Tabaɣurt n Yiɣlanen''). == 1. Tameddurt == === 1.1. Temẓi d Tezrawin === Adam Smith ilul deg temdint n Kirkcaldy deg tmurt n Skusya. Baba-s (i yesɛan yisem-is daɣen Adam Smith) yella d amsenqad n tedwant, yemmut kra n wayyuren kan uqbel talalit n mmi-s. D yemma-s, Margaret Douglas, i t-id-yessekren. Deg useggas n 1737, mi yesɛa 14 n yiseggasen deg leɛmer-is, yekcem ɣer Tesdawit n Glasgow iwakken ad iɣer tafelsafit tuzzmant (tamuralit) s ddaw n tmehla n ufelsuf Francis Hutcheson. Deg useggas n 1740, ikemmel tezrawin-ines deg Tesdawit n Oxford (deg Balliol College). === 1.2. Tikli Tamazzagt === Deg 1748, yebda yettak-d isaragen deg Edinburgh ɣef tsekla d tesnukyist. Deg 1751, yuɣal d aselmad n tesnukyist deg Tesdawit n Glasgow, sin akin deg 1752, yeṭṭef amkan n uselmad n tflasuft tuzzmant. Gar 1764 d 1766, yunag ɣer Fransa d Taswist am umɛellem n ''Buccleuch''. Dinna yemlal d yifelsufen d yimsadmasen imeqqranen n tallit-nni, gar-asen [[Voltaire]], Jean-Jacques Rousseau, François Quesnay, d Anne Robert Jacques Turgot (wid iwumi qqaren Ifizyukraten). Inig-a yefka-as tagnit ad yernu ad yessegri tikta-s ɣef tdamsa. ==Ayen yura Adam Smith== *The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759) *An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776) [[Category:Tameddurt]][[Category:Afelsuf]][[Category:Ademsan]] efz7tdhkgdniey73iddyz3a2auxa6rg 117281 117280 2026-09-01T19:00:24Z Gurzil90x 14292 Arniɣ-d ayen ilaqen 117281 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Ẓer taynisemt|Smith}} {{Infobox biography}} '''Adam Smith''' (ilul deg yunyu 1723 deg Kirkcaldy – yemmut ass n 17 yulyu 1790 deg Edinburgh) d afelsuf d umsadmas askusi. Yettwaḥsab d yiwen gar yirgazen imeqqranen n Tallit n '''''Tafat n Skusya''''', yerna d netta i d « Baba n tdamsa tatrart » akked tlibiralit tadamsant. Amur ameqqran n tmahilt-ines yebna ɣef tesleḍt n wamek tebded tmetti, amek leḥḥun yigadazen (ulzuzen), d wamek i d-tettili tbaɣurt deg yiɣlanen. Sin n yidlisen-is imeqqranen d ''Tiẓri n Yiḥulfan Imadwanen'' (1759) akked ''Tazrawt ɣef Ugama d Yisragen n Tbaɣurt n Yiɣlanen'' (1776, i yettwassnen s yisem aḥerfi: ''Tabaɣurt n Yiɣlanen''). == 1. Tameddurt == === 1.1. Temẓi d Tezrawin === Adam Smith ilul deg temdint n Kirkcaldy deg tmurt n Skusya. Baba-s (i yesɛan yisem-is daɣen Adam Smith) yella d amsenqad n tedwant, yemmut kra n wayyuren kan uqbel talalit n mmi-s. D yemma-s, Margaret Douglas, i t-id-yessekren. Deg useggas n 1737, mi yesɛa 14 n yiseggasen deg leɛmer-is, yekcem ɣer Tesdawit n Glasgow iwakken ad iɣer tafelsafit tuzzmant (tamuralit) s ddaw n tmehla n ufelsuf Francis Hutcheson. Deg useggas n 1740, ikemmel tezrawin-ines deg Tesdawit n Oxford (deg Balliol College). === 1.2. Tikli Tussnant === Deg 1748, yebda yettak-d isaragen deg Edinburgh ɣef tsekla d tesnukyist. Deg 1751, yuɣal d aselmad n tesnukyist deg Tesdawit n Glasgow, sin akin deg 1752, yeṭṭef amkan n uselmad n tflasuft tuzzmant. Gar 1764 d 1766, yunag ɣer Fransa d Taswist am umɛellem n ''Buccleuch''. Dinna yemlal d yifelsufen d yimsadmasen imeqqranen n tallit-nni, gar-asen [[Voltaire]], Jean-Jacques Rousseau, François Quesnay, d Anne Robert Jacques Turgot (wid iwumi qqaren Ifizyukraten). Inig-a yefka-as tagnit ad yernu ad yessegri tikta-s ɣef tdamsa. == 2. Tiẓriwin d Tikta Tigejdanin == === 2.1. Tiẓri n Yiḥulfan Imadwanen (1759) === Deg udlis-a (The Theory of Moral Sentiments), Smith yefka-d tamawalt d tesleḍt talqayt ɣef wamek yettxemmim umdan deg tmetti. Yebna tiẓri-ines ɣef tmiḍrant n « tinezt » neɣ « aɣiḍi » (sympathy/empathy): yeqqared d akken amdan, ɣas akken yezmer ad yili d '''''anassaf''''', yesɛa deg ugama-s lḥir d uɣiḍi i t-yejjan ad iḥulf s lferḥ neɣ s lqeṛḥ n wiyaḍ. D aya i d lsas n teɣdemt d useddu n tmetti. === 2.2. Tabaɣurt n Yiɣlanen (1776) === Adlis-a (An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations) yettwaḥsab d lsas iɣef tebna tussna n tdamsa tatrart. Deg-s, Smith yerra mgal tiẓriwin tiqburin n Tmerkantilit (Mercantilisme), i yeqqaren d akken tabaɣurt n tmurt tbedd ɣef wureɣ d uẓref i tesɛa. Smith yessken-d d akken tabaɣurt tekkad seg ufares d umahil n yal ass. ==Ayen yura Adam Smith== *The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759) *An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776) [[Category:Tameddurt]][[Category:Afelsuf]][[Category:Ademsan]] 6lfyyqpv7m0y5gr9kaitqqz4d1hx746 117288 117281 2026-09-02T11:05:59Z Gurzil90x 14292 Arniɣ-d ayen ilaqen 117288 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Ẓer taynisemt|Smith}} {{Infobox biography}} '''Adam Smith''' (ilul deg yunyu 1723 deg Kirkcaldy – yemmut ass n 17 yulyu 1790 deg Edinburgh) d afelsuf d umsadmas askusi. Yettwaḥsab d yiwen gar yirgazen imeqqranen n Tallit n '''''Tafat n Skusya''''', yerna d netta i d « Baba n tdamsa tatrart » akked tlibiralit tadamsant. Amur ameqqran n tmahilt-ines yebna ɣef tesleḍt n wamek tebded tmetti, amek leḥḥun yigadazen (ulzuzen), d wamek i d-tettili tbaɣurt deg yiɣlanen. Sin n yidlisen-is imeqqranen d ''Tiẓri n Yiḥulfan Imadwanen'' (1759) akked ''Tazrawt ɣef Ugama d Yisragen n Tbaɣurt n Yiɣlanen'' (1776, i yettwassnen s yisem aḥerfi: ''Tabaɣurt n Yiɣlanen''). == 1. Tameddurt == === 1.1. Temẓi d Tezrawin === Adam Smith ilul deg temdint n Kirkcaldy deg tmurt n Skusya. Baba-s (i yesɛan yisem-is daɣen Adam Smith) yella d amsenqad n tedwant, yemmut kra n wayyuren kan uqbel talalit n mmi-s. D yemma-s, Margaret Douglas, i t-id-yessekren. Deg useggas n 1737, mi yesɛa 14 n yiseggasen deg leɛmer-is, yekcem ɣer Tesdawit n Glasgow iwakken ad iɣer tafelsafit tuzzmant (tamuralit) s ddaw n tmehla n ufelsuf Francis Hutcheson. Deg useggas n 1740, ikemmel tezrawin-ines deg Tesdawit n Oxford (deg Balliol College). === 1.2. Tikli Tussnant === Deg 1748, yebda yettak-d isaragen deg Edinburgh ɣef tsekla d tesnukyist. Deg 1751, yuɣal d aselmad n tesnukyist deg Tesdawit n Glasgow, sin akin deg 1752, yeṭṭef amkan n uselmad n tflasuft tuzzmant. Gar 1764 d 1766, yunag ɣer Fransa d Taswist am umɛellem n ''Buccleuch''. Dinna yemlal d yifelsufen d yimsadmasen imeqqranen n tallit-nni, gar-asen [[Voltaire]], Jean-Jacques Rousseau, François Quesnay, d Anne Robert Jacques Turgot (wid iwumi qqaren Ifizyukraten). Inig-a yefka-as tagnit ad yernu ad yessegri tikta-s ɣef tdamsa. == 2. Tiẓriwin d Tikta Tigejdanin == === 2.1. Tiẓri n Yiḥulfan Imadwanen (1759) === Deg udlis-a (The Theory of Moral Sentiments), Smith yefka-d tamawalt d tesleḍt talqayt ɣef wamek yettxemmim umdan deg tmetti. Yebna tiẓri-ines ɣef tmiḍrant n « tinezt » neɣ « aɣiḍi » (sympathy/empathy): yeqqared d akken amdan, ɣas akken yezmer ad yili d '''''anassaf''''', yesɛa deg ugama-s lḥir d uɣiḍi i t-yejjan ad iḥulf s lferḥ neɣ s lqeṛḥ n wiyaḍ. D aya i d lsas n teɣdemt d useddu n tmetti. === 2.2. Tabaɣurt n Yiɣlanen (1776) === Adlis-a (An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations) yettwaḥsab d lsas iɣef tebna tussna n tdamsa tatrart. Deg-s, Smith yerra mgal tiẓriwin tiqburin n Tmerkantilit (Mercantilisme), i yeqqaren d akken tabaɣurt n tmurt tbedd ɣef wureɣ d uẓref i tesɛa. Smith yessken-d d akken tabaɣurt tekkad seg ufares d umahil n yal ass. ==== Abeṭṭu n Umahil ==== Smith yefka-d amedya mucaɛen ɣef tfabrikt n imessaken: ma yella yiwen n uxeddam weḥd-s ixeddem imessaken, ur yezmir ara ad d-yexdem ula d 20 deg wass; maca ma yella umahil yebḍa ɣef ddeqs n yixeddamen (wa igezzem tanga-s, wa ittceddu, wa yessrusuy aqerruy), zemren ad d-farsen d luluf n imessaken deg wass. Abeṭṭu n umahil yesnernay tafarest d tbaɣurt. ==== Afus Uffir ==== D yiwet gar tmiḍranin timiranin n Smith. Yeqqared d akken yal amdan mi ara yexdem i lfayda-ines(neɣ ɣef inekniyen-ines) s wudem udmawan, yettawi-d bla ma yeẓra lfayda i tmetti meṛṛa. Am wakken yella yiwen n « wfus uffir » i d-yezzuzuren talwit d useddu yelhan gar yigadazen(ulzuzen) war ma yella wenct-a deffir-s tmurt neɣ awanek. ==== Tamlilt n Uwanek ==== Ɣas akken yettwaḥsab d bab n ugadez ilelli, Smith ur yugin ara akk Awanek. Yenna-d awanek yessefk fell-as ad iqabel kraḍ n yiswiyen igejdanen: '''Astan d tɣellist''': Aḥader ɣef tmurt mgal imnekcamen. '''Taɣdemt tunsibt''': Aḥader ɣef yizerfan gar yiɣermanen. '''Lebni d usefrek n wayla azayez''': Aṣeggem n yiberdan, taredsa, d uselmed amezwaru, d ayen ur zmiren ara yimdanen ad t-xedmen s lfayda tamsadurt. ==Ayen yura Adam Smith== *The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759) *An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776) [[Category:Tameddurt]][[Category:Afelsuf]][[Category:Ademsan]] nt8e1chumbqkumasnk6c5wmsadqql03 117289 117288 2026-09-02T11:26:26Z Gurzil90x 14292 arniɣ ayen ilaqen 117289 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Ẓer taynisemt|Smith}} {{Infobox biography}} '''Adam Smith''' (ilul deg yunyu 1723 deg Kirkcaldy – yemmut ass n 17 yulyu 1790 deg Edinburgh) d afelsuf d umsadmas askusi. Yettwaḥsab d yiwen gar yirgazen imeqqranen n Tallit n '''''Tafat n Skusya''''', yerna d netta i d « Baba n tdamsa tatrart » akked tlibiralit tadamsant. Amur ameqqran n tmahilt-ines yebna ɣef tesleḍt n wamek tebded tmetti, amek leḥḥun yigadazen (ulzuzen), d wamek i d-tettili tbaɣurt deg yiɣlanen. Sin n yidlisen-is imeqqranen d ''Tiẓri n Yiḥulfan Imadwanen'' (1759) akked ''Tazrawt ɣef Ugama d Yisragen n Tbaɣurt n Yiɣlanen'' (1776, i yettwassnen s yisem aḥerfi: ''Tabaɣurt n Yiɣlanen''). == 1. Tameddurt == === 1.1. Temẓi d Tezrawin === Adam Smith ilul deg temdint n Kirkcaldy deg tmurt n Skusya. Baba-s (i yesɛan yisem-is daɣen Adam Smith) yella d amsenqad n tedwant, yemmut kra n wayyuren kan uqbel talalit n mmi-s. D yemma-s, Margaret Douglas, i t-id-yessekren. Deg useggas n 1737, mi yesɛa 14 n yiseggasen deg leɛmer-is, yekcem ɣer Tesdawit n Glasgow iwakken ad iɣer tafelsafit tuzzmant (tamuralit) s ddaw n tmehla n ufelsuf Francis Hutcheson. Deg useggas n 1740, ikemmel tezrawin-ines deg Tesdawit n Oxford (deg Balliol College). === 1.2. Tikli Tussnant === Deg 1748, yebda yettak-d isaragen deg Edinburgh ɣef tsekla d tesnukyist. Deg 1751, yuɣal d aselmad n tesnukyist deg Tesdawit n Glasgow, sin akin deg 1752, yeṭṭef amkan n uselmad n tflasuft tuzzmant. Gar 1764 d 1766, yunag ɣer Fransa d Taswist am umɛellem n ''Buccleuch''. Dinna yemlal d yifelsufen d yimsadmasen imeqqranen n tallit-nni, gar-asen [[Voltaire]], Jean-Jacques Rousseau, François Quesnay, d Anne Robert Jacques Turgot (wid iwumi qqaren Ifizyukraten). Inig-a yefka-as tagnit ad yernu ad yessegri tikta-s ɣef tdamsa. == 2. Tiẓriwin d Tikta Tigejdanin == === 2.1. Tiẓri n Yiḥulfan Imadwanen (1759) === Deg udlis-a (The Theory of Moral Sentiments), Smith yefka-d tamawalt d tesleḍt talqayt ɣef wamek yettxemmim umdan deg tmetti. Yebna tiẓri-ines ɣef tmiḍrant n « tinezt » neɣ « aɣiḍi » (sympathy/empathy): yeqqared d akken amdan, ɣas akken yezmer ad yili d '''''anassaf''''', yesɛa deg ugama-s lḥir d uɣiḍi i t-yejjan ad iḥulf s lferḥ neɣ s lqeṛḥ n wiyaḍ. D aya i d lsas n teɣdemt d useddu n tmetti. === 2.2. Tabaɣurt n Yiɣlanen (1776) === Adlis-a (An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations) yettwaḥsab d lsas iɣef tebna tussna n tdamsa tatrart. Deg-s, Smith yerra mgal tiẓriwin tiqburin n Tmerkantilit (Mercantilisme), i yeqqaren d akken tabaɣurt n tmurt tbedd ɣef wureɣ d uẓref i tesɛa. Smith yessken-d d akken tabaɣurt tekkad seg ufares d umahil n yal ass. ==== Abeṭṭu n Umahil ==== Smith yefka-d amedya mucaɛen ɣef tfabrikt n imessaken: ma yella yiwen n uxeddam weḥd-s ixeddem imessaken, ur yezmir ara ad d-yexdem ula d 20 deg wass; maca ma yella umahil yebḍa ɣef ddeqs n yixeddamen (wa igezzem tanga-s, wa ittceddu, wa yessrusuy aqerruy), zemren ad d-farsen d luluf n imessaken deg wass. Abeṭṭu n umahil yesnernay tafarest d tbaɣurt. ==== Afus Uffir ==== D yiwet gar tmiḍranin timiranin n Smith. Yeqqared d akken yal amdan mi ara yexdem i lfayda-ines(neɣ ɣef inekniyen-ines) s wudem udmawan, yettawi-d bla ma yeẓra lfayda i tmetti meṛṛa. Am wakken yella yiwen n « wfus uffir » i d-yezzuzuren talwit d useddu yelhan gar yigadazen(ulzuzen) war ma yella wenct-a deffir-s tmurt neɣ awanek. «'''Mačči seg lmziya n ugezzar, n win ixeddmen lbirra neɣ umseɣrum(axebbaz) i nettṛaǧu imensi-nneɣ, wanag s telha d useḥbiber i fkan i tanfiwin-nsen(nnfeɛ-nsen)'''.» ==== Tamlilt n Uwanek ==== Ɣas akken yettwaḥsab d bab n ugadez ilelli, Smith ur yugin ara akk Awanek. Yenna-d awanek yessefk fell-as ad iqabel kraḍ n yiswiyen igejdanen: '''Astan d tɣellist''': Aḥader ɣef tmurt mgal imnekcamen. '''Taɣdemt tunsibt''': Aḥader ɣef yizerfan gar yiɣermanen. '''Lebni d usefrek n wayla azayez''': Aṣeggem n yiberdan, taredsa, d uselmed amezwaru, d ayen ur zmiren ara yimdanen ad t-xedmen s lfayda tamsadurt. ==Ayen yura Adam Smith== *The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759) *An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776) [[Category:Tameddurt]][[Category:Afelsuf]][[Category:Ademsan]] f3fllkhmah0flh668zvk8cuwtl0o60n 0 25553 117282 117277 2026-09-01T19:07:52Z Gurzil90x 14292 seɣtiɣ kra n tucdiwin, syin arniɣ aḍris amaynut 117282 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tugna:Septimius Severus busto-Musei Capitolini.jpg|vignette|Asebdad n uqeṛṛu n Septimyus Seberus.]] '''Lusyus Septimyus Severus''' (145 – 211 S.Ɛ.) d yiwen seg yimenkaden imeqranen i ibeddlen udem d unagraw n Tmenkda Taṛumanit. D netta i d amenzu i d-yekkan seg Tefriqt n Ugafa (s yiziɣer alibi-apunig) i yulin ɣer ukersi n udabu aṛumi. Yerna d netta i d amsebdad n twacult tageldant n Yisibiriyen. Tanbaḍt-ines, seg useggas n 193 ar 211 S.Ɛ., tewwi-d isniflen d yiseggamen lqayen deg tasredsa (lɛesker), deg uzref (lqanun), d tedbelt. S tnekkra-ines, yessufeɣ tamenkda seg tallit n Principatus (anda asqamu n yimɣaren yella d amteddu) ɣer tallit n udabu amserdas lqayen. == 1. Aẓar, Talalit d Temẓi-ines == === Talalit deg Leptis Magna === Ilul Septimyus Severus ass n 11 deg Yebrir n useggas 145 (neɣ 146) S.Ɛ. deg temdint n Leptis Magna (deg tmurt n Libiya n tura). Tamdint-a tella d yiwet seg temdinin timeqqranin n Tefriqt n Ugafa, tebna ɣef yiri n Yilel Agrakal deg temnaḍt n Tripolitania. === Aẓar n twacult === '''Baba-s''': Ism-is ''Publius Septimius Geta'', yekka-d seg yiẓuran ilibiyen-ipuniyen (imaziɣen-ifiniqiyen) yesɛan ayla d ccan ameqran deg temnaḍt. Twacult-ines tella teṭṭef tiɣermi taṛumit acḥal d tasuta send talalit-is[3]. '''Yemma-s''': Ism-is ''Fulvia Pia'', tekka-d seg twacult taṭalyanit-taṛumit n watelsan (gens Fulvia). === Asgmi d tutlayin === Severus yelmed tutlayt tapunigt, talatinit, d tegrikt. Ɣas akken yelmed tasekla d lqanun deg Ruma d Atina, imuzrayen n tallit-nni (am Cassius Dion) nnan-d d akken yella yessawal talatinit s yiwet n aɣdebbu tafriqit i d-yettbanen ar taggara n tudert-is. 1f0gjeenr6d1jknsqvy1ig1q0xigal4 117283 117282 2026-09-01T19:08:04Z Gurzil90x 14292 Gurzil90x yebeddel isem n usebtar seg [[Septimyus Seberus]] ar [[Septimyus Severus]] 117282 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tugna:Septimius Severus busto-Musei Capitolini.jpg|vignette|Asebdad n uqeṛṛu n Septimyus Seberus.]] '''Lusyus Septimyus Severus''' (145 – 211 S.Ɛ.) d yiwen seg yimenkaden imeqranen i ibeddlen udem d unagraw n Tmenkda Taṛumanit. D netta i d amenzu i d-yekkan seg Tefriqt n Ugafa (s yiziɣer alibi-apunig) i yulin ɣer ukersi n udabu aṛumi. Yerna d netta i d amsebdad n twacult tageldant n Yisibiriyen. Tanbaḍt-ines, seg useggas n 193 ar 211 S.Ɛ., tewwi-d isniflen d yiseggamen lqayen deg tasredsa (lɛesker), deg uzref (lqanun), d tedbelt. S tnekkra-ines, yessufeɣ tamenkda seg tallit n Principatus (anda asqamu n yimɣaren yella d amteddu) ɣer tallit n udabu amserdas lqayen. == 1. Aẓar, Talalit d Temẓi-ines == === Talalit deg Leptis Magna === Ilul Septimyus Severus ass n 11 deg Yebrir n useggas 145 (neɣ 146) S.Ɛ. deg temdint n Leptis Magna (deg tmurt n Libiya n tura). Tamdint-a tella d yiwet seg temdinin timeqqranin n Tefriqt n Ugafa, tebna ɣef yiri n Yilel Agrakal deg temnaḍt n Tripolitania. === Aẓar n twacult === '''Baba-s''': Ism-is ''Publius Septimius Geta'', yekka-d seg yiẓuran ilibiyen-ipuniyen (imaziɣen-ifiniqiyen) yesɛan ayla d ccan ameqran deg temnaḍt. Twacult-ines tella teṭṭef tiɣermi taṛumit acḥal d tasuta send talalit-is[3]. '''Yemma-s''': Ism-is ''Fulvia Pia'', tekka-d seg twacult taṭalyanit-taṛumit n watelsan (gens Fulvia). === Asgmi d tutlayin === Severus yelmed tutlayt tapunigt, talatinit, d tegrikt. Ɣas akken yelmed tasekla d lqanun deg Ruma d Atina, imuzrayen n tallit-nni (am Cassius Dion) nnan-d d akken yella yessawal talatinit s yiwet n aɣdebbu tafriqit i d-yettbanen ar taggara n tudert-is. 1f0gjeenr6d1jknsqvy1ig1q0xigal4 117285 117283 2026-09-01T19:08:51Z Gurzil90x 14292 arniɣ ayen ilaqen 117285 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tugna:Septimius Severus busto-Musei Capitolini.jpg|vignette|Asebdad n uqeṛṛu n Septimyus Severus.]] '''Lusyus Septimyus Severus''' (145 – 211 S.Ɛ.) d yiwen seg yimenkaden imeqranen i ibeddlen udem d unagraw n Tmenkda Taṛumanit. D netta i d amenzu i d-yekkan seg Tefriqt n Ugafa (s yiziɣer alibi-apunig) i yulin ɣer ukersi n udabu aṛumi. Yerna d netta i d amsebdad n twacult tageldant n Yisibiriyen. Tanbaḍt-ines, seg useggas n 193 ar 211 S.Ɛ., tewwi-d isniflen d yiseggamen lqayen deg tasredsa (lɛesker), deg uzref (lqanun), d tedbelt. S tnekkra-ines, yessufeɣ tamenkda seg tallit n Principatus (anda asqamu n yimɣaren yella d amteddu) ɣer tallit n udabu amserdas lqayen. == 1. Aẓar, Talalit d Temẓi-ines == === Talalit deg Leptis Magna === Ilul Septimyus Severus ass n 11 deg Yebrir n useggas 145 (neɣ 146) S.Ɛ. deg temdint n Leptis Magna (deg tmurt n Libiya n tura). Tamdint-a tella d yiwet seg temdinin timeqqranin n Tefriqt n Ugafa, tebna ɣef yiri n Yilel Agrakal deg temnaḍt n Tripolitania. === Aẓar n twacult === '''Baba-s''': Ism-is ''Publius Septimius Geta'', yekka-d seg yiẓuran ilibiyen-ipuniyen (imaziɣen-ifiniqiyen) yesɛan ayla d ccan ameqran deg temnaḍt. Twacult-ines tella teṭṭef tiɣermi taṛumit acḥal d tasuta send talalit-is. '''Yemma-s''': Ism-is ''Fulvia Pia'', tekka-d seg twacult taṭalyanit-taṛumit n watelsan (gens Fulvia). === Asgmi d tutlayin === Severus yelmed tutlayt tapunigt, talatinit, d tegrikt. Ɣas akken yelmed tasekla d lqanun deg Ruma d Atina, imuzrayen n tallit-nni (am Cassius Dion) nnan-d d akken yella yessawal talatinit s yiwet n aɣdebbu tafriqit i d-yettbanen ar taggara n tudert-is. j0n45q26bohqz45ydugkl4udujc4zqj 0 25554 117284 2026-09-01T19:08:04Z Gurzil90x 14292 Gurzil90x yebeddel isem n usebtar seg [[Septimyus Seberus]] ar [[Septimyus Severus]] 117284 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECTION [[Septimyus Severus]] qtzdry8j8yqzoyheekuuxcipvl50uxc 0 25555 117286 2026-09-01T19:23:39Z Gurzil90x 14292 Amagrad amaynut 117286 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tugna:Monero-Logo.svg|vignette|Monero.]] '''Monero''' d yiwen n wsuṛdi umḍin s wudem n uɣbalu yeldin, yebnan ɣef uzeṭṭa ayugan-ɣer-uyugan (peer-to-peer). Asenfar-a ilul-d deg yebrir n useggas 2014. Talɣa tagjdit n Monero tbedd ɣef uselken n tbaḍnit, d tinigawin s wudem udrig. Mgal [[Bitcoin|Bitkuyin]] (Bitcoin) ideg yella uzrar n yiḥedran d azayez yerna d afrawan, Muniru yesseqdac timhaliwin n uwgelhen tusligin akken ad yeffer tansa n umceyyaɛ, tansa n unermas, akked wazal n yidrimen yettwaznen deg yal tanigawt. nu1y1zqfaigjfswtizjcca1rrni65my 117287 117286 2026-09-02T10:43:46Z Gurzil90x 14292 arniɣ ayen ilaqen 117287 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Tugna:Monero-Logo.svg|vignette|Monero.]] '''Monero''' d yiwen n wsuṛdi umḍin s wudem n uɣbalu yeldin, yebnan ɣef uzeṭṭa ayugan-ɣer-uyugan (peer-to-peer). Asenfar-a ilul-d deg yebrir n useggas 2014. Talɣa tagjdit n Monero tbedd ɣef uselken n tbaḍnit, d tinigawin s wudem udrig. Mgal [[Bitcoin|Bitkuyin]] (Bitcoin) ideg yella uzrar n yiḥedran d azayez yerna d afrawan, Muniru yesseqdac timhaliwin n uwgelhen tusligin akken ad yeffer tansa n umceyyaɛ, tansa n unermas, akked wazal n yidrimen yettwaznen deg yal tanigawt. == Amezruy d usnulfu == Asenfaṛ n Monero yebda-d deg yebrir 2014 s yisem n BitMonero, i d-yekkan seg teglizit (Bit) d tutlayt n t-Esperantot (Monero, i d-yemmalen asuṛdi neɣ ''tapyast n tedrimt''). Yeqqel d asenfaṛ imzerreg s yisem n ''Bytecoin'', yiwen n usuṛdi i yesseqdacen aneggaf '''CryptoNote'''. Imi tarbaɛt tamatut ur teqbil ara kra n tarrayin n usefrek n ''Bytecoin'', yettwaxdem-d leqdic amaynut sɣur imnadiyen d imusnawen n tsenselkimt i yefkan leɛnaya tameqqrant i tbaḍnit d tuqqna yeldin i medden meṛṛa war taɛessast. Seg yimir-n, aṭas n tneflitin timiriyin i d-yernan deg unagraw-is, gar-asent: '''RingCT (2017)''' : I usedreg n wazalen n tinigawin. '''Bulletproofs (2018)''' : I usenqes n d tiddi n yisefka n tinigawin. '''RandomX (2019)''' : Alguritm n unza n umahil i '''usnaɣez''' s useqdec n yisekkaren imuta (CPU). nu0okwjueern2slbdhvfkx8tswwc1xt