ٹروُ جیسس چرچ

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  | [[Islam in Africa|Islam]] (40%)
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'''اَفرٛیٖقا''' چھُ ایشیا پتہٕ دُنیاہُک دۄیِم ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ بوٚڑ تہٕ دۄیِم ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ بوٚڑ آبٲدی وول براعظم۔ ملحقہ جزیرن سٟتؠ تقریٖبَن 30.3 ملین کلومیٹر 2 (11.7 ملین مربع میٖل) پؠٹھ، یہٕ چھُ زمینک زمینی رقبک 20 فیصد تہٕ پننہٕ کل سطحی رقبک 6 فیصد حصس پؠٹھ محیط۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Sayre|first=April Pulley|title=Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/africasayr00sayr|last2=Sayre|first2=April Pulley|date=1999|publisher=Twenty-First Century Books|isbn=978-0-7613-1367-0|series=The Seven continents|location=Brookfield, Conn}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2021 ہَس تام تقریٖبَن 1.4 بلین لوٗکَن سٟتؠ، چھُ یہِ دنیاہٕچ انسٲنی آبٲدی ہُنٛد تقریٖبَن 18 فیصد حصہٕ۔ افریقہٕچ آبٲدی چھِ تمام براعظمن مَنٛز سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ لۄکٕٹ۔ 2012 ہَس مَنٛز ٲس اوسط وٲنٛس 19.7، ییٚلہِ پوٗرٕ دُنیاہَس مَنٛز اوسط وٲنٛس 30.4 ٲس۔ 2024 کیٚن تخمینن ہٕنٛدِس بُنیادس پیٚٹھ واتہِ افریقہٕچ آبٲدی 2099 تام 3.8 بلین لُکن تام۔ افریقہ چھُ فی کس سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ کم دولت مند آباد براعظم تہٕ کُل دولت کہِ لحاظ سٟتؠ دویِم سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ کم دولت مند ، اوشیانا برونٛہہ۔ سکالرزو چھُ اَتھ جغرافیہ، آب و ہوا، بدعنوانی، نوآبادیات، سرد جَنٛگ، تہٕ نو نوآبادیاتس سمیت مختلف عواملن سٟتؠ منسوب کوٚرمت۔ دولتچ امہٕ کم ارتکاز باوجود، حالیہ معاشی توسیع تہٕ اَکھ بٔڑ تہٕ نوجوان آبادی چھِ افریقہس وسیع تر عالمی تناظرس مَنٛز اَکھ اہم معاشی مارکیٹ بناوان۔ افریقہس مَنٛز چھِ قدرتی وسائل تہٕ خوراکک وسائلن ہنٛز اَکھ بٔڑ مقدار، بشمول ہیرٕ، چینی، نمک، سونہٕ، شیشتٕر، کوبالٹ، یورینیم، ترٛام، باکسائٹ، رۄپہٕ، پیٹرولیم، قدرتی گیس، کوکو پھلیاں، تہٕ اشنکٹبندیی پھل۔


{{حَوالہٕ}}
{{نامُکَمَل مَضموٗن}}

[[زٲژ:بَرِصٔغیٖر]]
[[زٲژ:افریقہ]]</text>
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      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147644</origin>
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      <text bytes="937" sha1="clsw9zs6vqw303bei2oy7gscdu9nbpa" xml:space="preserve">{{حَوالہٕ وَرٲے}}
{{Infobox person
| name = شاہ رُخ خان
| image = Shahrukh Khan CE.jpg
| caption = 
| imagesize = 
| othername =  [[ہِندی]] فِلمَن ہُنٛد بادشاہ
| birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1965|11|2}}
| birth_place = [[نٔو دِل]]، [[ہِندوستان]]
| yearsactive = 1988 – موجوٗد
| spouse = [[گوٚری خان]] (1991 – موجوٗد)
| occupation = [[اَداکار]]
| height = 5 فُٹ 8 اِنٛچ (174 سێنٛٹِمیٖٹَر)
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'''شاہ رُخ خان'''، ییٚمِس '''SRK''' (ایس آر کے) تہِ چھِ وَنان، چھُ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] فِلمی اَداکار یُس [[ہِندی]] فِلمَن مَنٛز کٲم چھُ کران۔

{{نامُکَمَل مَضموٗن}}

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ اَداکار]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ مُسَلمان]]</text>
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  <page>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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| کھٔٹِتھ = شٔریٖکہِ حَیات، P973
| data1 = [[فَیِل:Salman Khan signature.svg|125px]]
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سلمان سلیم خان (پیدٲیشی ناو: عبدالرشید سلیم سلمان خان، 27 دَسَمبَر 1965) چھُ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ اداکار، فِلِم پروڈیوسر، تہٕ ٹیلی وِجَن شخصیت یُس زیٛادٕ تر ہندی فلمَن مَنٛز کٲم کران چھُ۔ ترٛؠو ؤرِیو کھۄتہٕ زِیٛادٕ وقتَس پؠٹھ پھٔہلِتھ پیشورانہٕ زِندگی مَنٛز چھِ أمہِ سٕنٛدؠن ایوارڈَن مَنٛز بطور فِلِم پروڈیوسر زٕ نیشنل فِلِم ایوارڈ تہٕ بطورِ اداکار زٕ فِلِم فِیَر ایوارڈ شٲمِل۔ میڈیاہَس مَنٛز چھُ أمِس ہِندوستٲنؠ سنیما ہُنٛد ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ مشہوٗر تہٕ تجارتی لحاظٕ کامیاب اداکارَن مَنٛز اَکھ ماننہٕ یِوان۔ فوربسن کٔر سُہ 2015 تہٕ 2018 ہَس مَنٛز دُنؠ‌یاہٕک ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زِیٛادٕ معاوضہٕ نِنہٕ والؠن مشہوٗر شخصیاتن ہٕنٛدِس فہرستس مَنٛز شٲمِل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Box Office Special Features – Highest Grosser of The Year|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/highest-grosser-year-1990-2020-salman-khan-aamir-khan-shah-rukh-khan-dominate-hrithik-roshan-climbs-ladder/|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|date=29 December 2020|access-date=3 August 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== فِلِموگرٛافی==

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== حَوالہٕ ==
{{نامُکَمَل مَضموٗن}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ اَداکار]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ مُسَلمان]]</text>
      <sha1>5je2eq0d9la527b79us57czq1o2rafm</sha1>
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  </page>
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        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>1793</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Fixing double redirect from [[بہائیت]] to [[بہایِیَتھ]]</comment>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''شَمیٖم دؠو آزاد''' یا'''شَمیٖم دیو آزاد''' چھِ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] ہٕنٛز مَشہوٗر کٲشِر گؠون کار۔

== ذٲتی زِندگی ==
شمیٖما چھِ عبداللہ دؠو سٕنٛدؠو ٲٹھو شُرؠو منٛزٕ اَکھ۔ أمِس چھِ شےٚ بٲے۔ أمِس چھُ 1980 پؠٹھٕ [[غۄلام نبی آزاد|غلام نبی آزادَس]] سٟتؠ [[خاندَر]] کٔرِتھ ۔&lt;ref name=ol&gt;{{cite news |title=A politician who rose from the rank |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/a-politician-who-rose-from-the-rank/332650 |access-date=18 Jun 2020 | work=Outlook}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title =Iqbal is my love, Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah my leader |url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/gk-magazine/iqbal-is-my-love-sheikh-muhammad-abdullah-my-leader/ |date =15 Mar 2015 |work =[[Greater Kashmir]]| access-date=18 Jun 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشُر شٲعِر]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:20 صٔدی ہِندوستان زَنان گُلوکار]]</text>
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'''ابوالکلام غلام محیودین احمد بن خیر الدین الحسین آزاد '''(11 نَوَمبَر 1888 - 22 فرؤری 1958) اوس اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ '''آزادی''' ہُنٛد کارکن ، اسلامی مذہبی مُصنِف تہٕ [[ہِندوستٲنؠ قومی کانٛگرٛیس|انڈین نیشنل کانگریسُک]] اَکھ  رَہنُما۔ ہندوستان چہ آزٲدی پَتہٕ بنیوو سُہ ہندوستٲنؠ حکوٗمتس مَنٛز گۄڈٕنیک ؤزیٖرِتٲلیٖم۔  سُہ چھُ عام طور  '''مولانا آزاد''' ناو سٟتؠ یاد یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;thehindu&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=International Urdu conference from Nov. 10|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/11/07/stories/2010110754680500.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101111204425/http://www.hindu.com/2010/11/07/stories/2010110754680500.htm|archivedate=11 November 2010|date=7 November 2010|journal=[[The Hindu]]|accessdate=13 April 2012}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101111204425/http://www.hindu.com/2010/11/07/stories/2010110754680500.htm |date=11 November 2010 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Chawla, Muhammad|year=2016|title=Maulana Azad and the Demand for Pakistan: A Reappraisal|url=https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-4269551701/maulana-azad-and-the-demand-for-pakistan-a-reappraisal|journal=Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society|volume=64|issue=3|pages=7–24|access-date=2023-07-14|archive-date=2020-11-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117092116/https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-4269551701/maulana-azad-and-the-demand-for-pakistan-a-reappraisal|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

جَوٲنی مَنٛز کٔر آزادن لیچھ [[اُردوٗ زَبان|اردو]]شٲیِری۔ سُہ گوٚو بطور صحافی پنٛنہ کامہ ہٕنٛد ذٔریعہٕ مشہوٗر ، [[بَرطٲنوی ہِند|برطٲنوی]] راجس پؠٹھ تَنقیٖد کرن وٲلؠ کامہِ شایع تہٕ ہندوستٲنؠ قوم پرستی ہٕنٛدؠ مقصدٕچ حمایتھ کرنہٕ سٟتؠ تہِ مَشہوٗر۔ آزاد بنیو خلافت تٔحریٖکُک رہنما یَتھ دوران سُہ ہندوستٲنؠ رہنما [[مَہاتما گانٛدھی|مہاتما گاندھی]] یَس سٟتؠ قریٖبی رٲبطس مَنٛز آو۔ خلافت تحریکٕچ ناکٲمی پَتہٕ گوٚو سُہ کانگریسس نزدیٖکھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Anil Chandra Banerjee|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=APLmIxRyEjEC&amp;dq=cultural+preservation+of+the+Moslem+nation+iqbal&amp;pg=PA205|title=Two Nations: The Philosophy of Muslim Nationalism|date=1981|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|page=211}}&lt;/ref&gt; آزاد بنیو گاندھی سٕنٛدِ عدم تشددٕک [[سول نافرمانی|سول نافرمٲنیٕ]]  خیالُک پرجوش حمٲیتھ کار تہٕ کٔرٕن 1919 کِس [[روولیٹ ایکٹ|رولاٹ ایکٹ]] کِس احتجاجس مَنٛز عدم تعاونٕچ تٔحریک مُنظم کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ کٲم۔ آزادن کوٚر پَنُن پان گاندھی سٕنٛدؠن نظریاتن خٲطرٕ وقف یَتھ مَنٛز ''[[سوادیشی|سودیشی]]'' (مقٲمی مصنوعات تہٕ ہندوستان خٲطرٕ ''[[سوراج|سوراجک]]'' (سیلف رول) مقصد فروغ دِیُن شٲمِل چھُ۔ 1923 ہس مَنٛز 35 ؤری وٲنٛسہِ مَنٛز بنیوو سُہ [[ہِندوستٲنؠ قومی کانٛگرٛیس|انڈین نیشنل کانگریسک]] صَدٕر بنن وول سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ کم وٲنٛسہ شخص۔

اکتوبر 1920 مَنٛز آو آزاد برطٲنوی نوآبادیاتی حکومتہٕ سند مدتھ ننہٕ ورٲے اُترپردیش کِس علی گڑھس مَنٛز [[جامع ملیہ اسلامیا|جامع ملیہ اسلامیہ]] قٲیم کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ فاؤنڈیشن کمیٹی ہنٛد رُکُن منتخب کرنہٕ۔ تمہ کٕر 1934 ہس مَنٛز ینیورسٹی ہنٛد کیمپس علی گڑھ پؠٹھٕ نٔو دلہ منتقٕل کرنَس مَنٛز مدتھ۔ یونیورسٹی ہٕنٛدِس مرکزی کیمپس کِس مرکزی دروازس (گیٹ نمبر 7) چھُ امہٕ سُٛند ناو تھاونہٕ آمُت۔

== سَوانِح عُمری ==

=== ابتدایی زندگی ===
آزاد زاو 11 نَوَمبَر 1888 مکہس مَنٛز یُس تمہِ وز [[سلطنت عثمانیہ]]ہُک اَکھ حصہٕ اوس یس وۄنؠ [[سوٗدی عرب|سعودی]] عربک حصہٕ چھُ۔ أمہ سُنٛد اصلی ناو اوس سید غلام محیودین احمد بن خیر الدین الحسین مَگر یہِ گوٚو ٲخٕرکار مولانا ابوالکلام آزاد ناوٕ سٟتؠ مشہوٗر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;makaias.gov.in&quot; /&gt; آزاد سنٛد مول اوس اَکھ افغان نسبک مُسلمان سُکالر یُس [[دِل|دلہ]] مَنٛز پنٛنس  بُڈؠ بَبَس سٟتؠ روزان  تِکیٛازِ تہنٛد مٲلِس اوس واریاہ کم وٲنٛسہ مَنٛز وفات گومُت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;b1&quot; /&gt; 1857 کِس ہندوستٲنؠ بغاوتَس دوران ، ترٛوو تیم ہندوستان تہٕ گوو مکہس مَنٛز آباد۔ تمہ سُنٛد مٲل محمد خیر الدین بن احمد الحسینین لیچھ باہ کتابہٕ یمن ہُنٛد ساسہٕ بٔد شاگرد ٲس۔تیم سٕنز موج شیخہ عالیہ بن محمد ٲس شیخ محمد بن زہر الواٹری سٕنز کور ۔&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.iccrindia.net/azadbio.html Biography Of Maulana Azad] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803171606/http://www.iccrindia.net/azadbio.html |date=2017-08-03 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;makaias.gov.in&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Remembering Maulana Abul Kalam Azad: A Short Biography|url=http://www.makaias.gov.in/biography.html|access-date=1 January 2013|website=Institute of Asian Studies|quote=Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was born on November 11, 1888, in Mecca. He came back to [[Calcutta]] with his family in 1890.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;b1&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Azad|first=Abul Kalam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q9_EW80LFjoC&amp;pg=PA1|title=India Wins Freedom: An Autobiographical Narrative|publisher=Orient Longman|year=2003|isbn=978-81-250-0514-8|location=New Delhi|pages=1–2|orig-year=First published 1959}}&lt;/ref&gt;

آزاد گو 1890 تھس مَنٛز پنٛنس خاندانس سٟتؠ [[کَلٕکَتا|کلکتاہَس]] مَنٛز آباد۔&lt;ref name=&quot;EL&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Gandhi|first=Rajmohan|title=Eight Lives: A Study of the Hindu-Muslim Encounter|url=https://archive.org/details/eightlivesstudyo0000gand|publisher=State University of New York Press|year=1986|isbn=978-0-88706-196-7|location=USA|page=[https://archive.org/details/eightlivesstudyo0000gand/page/219 219]|author-link=Rajmohan Gandhi}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:1958 وَفات]]
[[زٲژ:1888 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
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[[فَیِل:Noam Chomsky, 2004.jpg|thumbnail|نٲؤم چومسکؠ]]
[[فَیِل:Chomsky-hierarchy.svg|thumb|Chomsky hierarchy]]
'''نٲؤم چومسکؠ''' ({{Lang-en|Avram Noam Chomsky}}) چھُہ اَکھ امریکی ماہر لسانیات، فِلاسفَر،&lt;ref name=&quot;szabo&quot;&gt;[http://chomsky.info/bios/2004----.htm &quot;Noam Chomsky&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213051920/http://www.chomsky.info/bios/2004----.htm |date=2015-02-13 }}, by Zoltán Gendler Szabó, in ''Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers, 1860–1960'', ed۔ Ernest Lepore (2004). &quot;Chomsky's intellectual life had been divided between his work in linguistics and his political activism, philosophy coming as a distant third۔ Nonetheless, his influence among analytic philosophers has been enormous because of three factors۔ First, Chomsky contributed substantially to a major methodological shift in the human sciences, turning away from the prevailing empiricism of the middle of the twentieth century: behaviorism in psychology, structuralism in linguistics and positivism in philosophy۔ Second, his groundbreaking books on syntax (Chomsky (1957, 1965)) laid a conceptual foundation for a new, cognitivist approach to linguistics and provided philosophers with a new framework for thinking about human language and the mind۔ And finally, he has persistently defended his views against all takers, engaging in important debates with many of the major figures in analytic philosophy...&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''[[The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy]]'' (1999), &quot;Chomsky, Noam,&quot; [[Cambridge University Press]], pg۔ 138. &quot;Chomsky, Noam (born 1928), preeminent American linguist, philosopher, and political activist... Many of Chomsky's most significant contributions to philosophy, such as his influential rejection of behaviorism... stem from his elaborations and defenses of the above consequences...&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; علمی ساینٔسی، ترکشاستری،&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Milestones in Computer Science and Information Technology|url=https://archive.org/details/milestonesincomp0000reil_m9h9|year=2003|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-1-57356-521-9|pages=[https://archive.org/details/milestonesincomp0000reil_m9h9/page/43 43]–44|author=Edwin D. Reilly|quote=In 1956, the logician Noam Chomsky showed that there are only four basically different forms Church-Turing thesis of grammar, which, in decreasing order of sophistication, he called grammars of Type 0, 1, 2, and 3.}}. Viewed July 15, 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Readings in Machine Translation|url=https://archive.org/details/readingsinmachin0000unse|year=2003|publisher=MIT Press|isbn=978-0-262-14074-4|author=H. L. Somers|editor=Sergei Nirenburg, H. L. Somers, Yorick Wilks|page=[https://archive.org/details/readingsinmachin0000unse/page/68 68]|quote=I think that this should be of sufficient interest to warrant some more detailed exhibition, especially since this insight is due to an important new, not to say revolutionary, view of the structure of language, recently outlined by the American linguist and logician Noam Chomsky [2], and could perhaps, in its turn and in due time, be turned into a new method of [[machine translation]], which would be more complex than the known ones but also more effective.}}. Viewed July 15, 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Noam Chomsky: Critical Assessments, Volume 1; Volume 3|publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis|isbn=978-0-415-10693-1|pages=14–15|authorlink=Bar-Hillel|editor=Carlos Peregrín Otero|year=1994|quote=Chomsky is a professional linguist, a competent mathematical logician, and a trained methodologist with a keen critical sense and an uncanny ability to follow the most abstruse mathematical argument or, if necessary, to produce one himself.}}&lt;/ref&gt; سیاسی مبصر، سَمٲجی انصاف سرگرم کار کُن، تہٕ انارکو سیندکلسٹ  ایڈووکیٹ.
== حوالہٕ جات ==
{{حوالہٕ}}

{{نامُکَمَل مَضموٗن}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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{{مولوٗماتھ}}
سُبھاش چندر بوس (23 جنوری 1897 – 18 اگست 1945) اوس ہندوستان چہِ جدوجہد آزٲدی ہُنٛد سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ بوٚڑ تہٕ تھوٚد رہنُما۔ [[دوٚیِم عٔظیٖم جَنٛگ|دوٚیمِس جنگہِ عظیمَس]] دوران انگریزن خٕلاف لڑنہٕ خٲطرٕ بنٲو تٔمۍ [[جاپان]] کہِ مدتہٕ سۭتۍ آزاد ہند فوج۔  تٔمۍ سُنٛد دِنہٕ آمُت نعرہ &quot;جئے ہند&quot; چھُ ہندوستانُک قومی نعرہ بنیومُت۔ نعرہ &quot;مےٚ دِیِو خوٗن، بہٕ دِیِو تۄہہِ آزٲدی&quot; تہِ اوس تٔمۍ سُنٛد یُس تَمہِ وِزِ رٮ۪واج اوس۔  ہندوستٲنی چِھ تمس لیڈر نیتا جی تہٕ ونان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.chhathpuja.co/community/viewdiscussion/2871-netaji-subhas-chandra-bose-in-hindi?groupid=570 |title=: सुभास चन्द्र बोस निबंध |access-date=21 जनवरी 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923202740/http://www.chhathpuja.co/community/viewdiscussion/2871-netaji-subhas-chandra-bose-in-hindi?groupid=570 |archive-date=23 सितंबर 2015 |url-status=dead }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923202740/http://www.chhathpuja.co/community/viewdiscussion/2871-netaji-subhas-chandra-bose-in-hindi?groupid=570 |date=2015-09-23 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:1945 وَفات]]</text>
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[[فَیِل:Leonardo da Vinci - presumed self-portrait - WGA12798.jpg|right|thumb]]
लिओनार्दो दी सेर पीरो द विँची (१५ एप्रिल १४५२ - २ मेई १५१९) ओस अख इतॉलवी पुनर्जागरण (रेनेशाँ) बहुज्ञ, रंगसाज़, बुत्तसाज़, इमारतबाज़, संगीतकार, हिसाबदान, इंजिनीयर, नवप्रवर्तक, एनाटमी माहिर, जियोफिज़िसिस्ट, नक़्शासाज़, गियाह साइंसदान, तु लिखॉर्य ।&lt;ref name=&quot;HG&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|first=Helen|last=Gardner|title=Art through the Ages|url=https://archive.org/details/gardnersartthrou0000gard_p1s0|year=1970|pages=[https://archive.org/details/gardnersartthrou0000gard_p1s0/page/450 450]–456}}&lt;/ref&gt; तहिंज़ हस्ती  छ इंसानीयत हुँज़ मिसाली शक्ल ।&lt;ref name=&quot;genius&quot;&gt;Vasari, Boltraffio, Castiglione, &quot;Anonimo&quot; Gaddiano, Berensen, Taine, Fuseli, Rio, Bortolon.&lt;/ref&gt;

== टिप्पनियी ==</text>
      <sha1>elkbjemiiqav6j4nzpeeatfgyzgtsbu</sha1>
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    <title>وِکیٖپیٖڈیا:اؠسَمبَلی (باقٕے)</title>
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        <id>3853</id>
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      <comment>/* Tech News: 2026-32 */ نٔو حِصہٕ</comment>
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      <text bytes="306940" sha1="oui6kcnwhfwfya2vqf9804k58q0ws28" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{short description|Central discussion page of Wikipedia for general topics not covered by the specific topic pages}}{{pp-move-indef|small=yes}}{{Village pump page header|Miscellaneous|alpha=yes|یَتھ صَفَس مَنٛز چھِ باقی بَحَث کَرنہٕ یِوان. بیٚیہِ چھِ یَتھ مَنٛز کیٚنٛہہ خَبرٕ تہٕ آسَن.
* پرٛٲنؠ بَحَث چھِ کیٚنٛہہ وَقٕت پَتہٕ مَحفوٗظ خانَس مَنٛز مَحفوٗظ کَرنہٕ یِوان.
|وپ:ابق}}
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-25&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W25&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/25|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* You can [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/359761?lang=en nominate your favorite tools] for the sixth edition of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|Coolest Tool Award]]. Nominations are anonymous and will be open until June 25. You can re-use the survey to nominate multiple tools.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.6|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* Foundation staff and technical volunteers use Wikimedia APIs to build the tools, applications, features, and integrations that enhance user experiences. Over the coming years, the MediaWiki Interfaces team will be investing in Wikimedia web (HTTP) APIs to better serve technical volunteer needs and protect Wikimedia infrastructure from potential abuse. You can [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2025/06/12/apis-as-a-product-investing-in-the-current-and-next-generation-of-technical-contributors/ read more about their plans to evolve the APIs in this Techblog post].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/25|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W25&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:37, 16 June 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-26&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W26&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/26|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* This week, the Moderator Tools and Machine Learning teams will continue the rollout of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], releasing it to the third and last batch of Wikipedias. This filter utilizes the Revert Risk model, which was created by the Research team, to highlight edits that are likely to be reverted and help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic contributions. The feature will be rolled out to the following Wikipedias: {{int:project-localized-name-azwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-swwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tlwiki/en}}. The rollout will continue in the coming weeks to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|the rest of the Wikipedias in this project]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391964]

'''Updates for editors'''
* Last week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] were rolled out on Czech, Korean, and Turkish Wikipedias. This and next week, deployments on larger Wikipedias will follow. [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Share your thoughts]] about the project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340001]
* Later this week, the Editing team will release [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Multi check|Multi Check]] to all Wikipedias (except English Wikipedia). This feature shows multiple [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Reference check|Reference checks]] within the editing experience. This encourages users to add citations when they add multiple new paragraphs to a Wikipedia article. This feature was previously available as an A/B test. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/multi_check_ab_test_report_final.html#summary-of-results The test shows] that users who are shown multiple checks are 1.3 times more likely to add a reference to their edit, and their edit is less likely to be reverted (-34.7%). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395519]
* A few pages need to be renamed due to software updates and to match more recent Unicode standards. All of these changes are related to title-casing changes. Approximately 71 pages and 3 files will be renamed, across 15 wikis; the complete list is in [[phab:T396903|the task]]. The developers will rename these pages next week, and they will fix redirects and embedded file links a few minutes later via a system settings update.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that had caused pages to scroll upwards when text near the top was selected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T364023]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Editors can now use Lua modules to filter and transform tabular data for use with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Extension:Chart]]. This can be used for things like selecting a subset of rows or columns from the source data, converting between units, statistical processing, and many other useful transformations. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Transforms|Information on how to use transforms is available]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates]
* The &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;all_links&lt;/code&gt; variable in [[Special:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] is now renamed to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;new_links&lt;/code&gt; for consistency with other variables. Old usages will still continue to work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391811]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.7|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/34|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: the recent updates for the &quot;Add a Link&quot; Task, two new Newcomer Engagement Features, and updates to Community Configuration.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/26|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W26&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:19, 23 جوٗن 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-27&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W27&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/27|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] has been enabled on all Wikipedias. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. The extension has three features: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Invitation list|Invitation List]]. To request the extension for your wiki, visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|Deployment information page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* AbuseFilter maintainers can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:IPReputation/AbuseFilter variables|match against IP reputation data]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilters]]. IP reputation data is information about the proxies and VPNs associated with the user's IP address. This data is not shown publicly and is not generated for actions performed by registered accounts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354599]
* Hidden content that is within [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Collapsible elements|collapsible parts of wikipages]] will now be revealed when someone searches the page using the web browser's &quot;Find in page&quot; function (Ctrl+F or ⌘F) in supporting browsers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327893][https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes/hidden#browser_compatibility]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new feature, called [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery|Favourite Templates]], will be deployed later this week on all projects (except English Wikipedia, which will receive the feature next week), following a piloting phase on Polish and Arabic Wikipedia, and Italian and English Wikisource. The feature will provide a better way for new and experienced contributors to recall and discover templates via the template dialog, by allowing users to put templates on a special &quot;favourite list&quot;. The feature works with both the visual editor and the wikitext editor. The feature is a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|community wishlist focus area]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that had caused some Notifications to be sent multiple times. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T397103]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.8|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/27|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W27&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:39, 30 جوٗن 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-28&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W28&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/28|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Temporary accounts|Temporary accounts]] have been rolled out on 18 large and medium-sized Wikipedias, including German, Japanese, French, and Chinese. Now, about 1/3 of all logged-out activity across wikis is coming from temporary accounts. Users involved in patrolling may be interested in two new documentation pages: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Access to IP|Access to IP]], explaining everything related to access to temporary account IP addresses, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Repository|Repository]] with a list of new gadgets and user scripts.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Anyone can play an experimental new game, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/New Engagement Experiments/WikiRun|WikiRun]], that lets you race through Wikipedia by clicking from one article to another, aiming to reach a target page in as few steps and in as little time as possible. The project's goal is to explore new ways of engaging readers. [https://wikirun-game.toolforge.org/ Try playing the game] and let the team know what you think [[mw:Talk:New Engagement Experiments/WikiRun|on the talk page]].
* Users of the Wikipedia Android app in some languages can now play the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/TrivaGame|trivia game]]. ''Which came first?'' is a simple history game where you guess which of two events happened earlier on today's date. It was previously available as an A/B test. It is now available to all users in English, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian, Arabic, Turkish, and Chinese. The goal of the feature is to help engage with new generations of readers. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/22]
* Users of the iOS Wikipedia App in some languages may see a new tabbed browsing feature that enables you to open multiple tabs while reading. This feature makes it easier to explore related topics and switch between articles. The A/B test is currently running in Arabic, English, and Japanese in selected regions. More details are available on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Tabbed Browsing (Tabs)|Tabbed Browsing project page]].
* Bureaucrats on Wikimedia wikis can now use [[{{#special:VerifyOATHForUser}}]] to check if users have enabled [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265726]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new feature related to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template Recall and Discovery]] will be deployed later this week to all Wikimedia projects: a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery#Template categories|template category browser]] will be introduced to assist users in finding templates to put in their “favourite” list. The browser will allow users to browse a list of templates which have been organised into a given category tree. The feature has been requested by the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Select templates by categories|through the Community Wishlist]].
* It is now possible to access watchlist preferences from the watchlist page. Also the redundant button to edit the watchlist has been removed. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Moderator_Tools/Watchlist]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As part of [[mw:MediaWiki_1.44|MediaWiki 1.44]] there is now a unified built-in Notifications system that makes it easier for developers to send, manage, and customize notifications. Check out the updated documentation at [[mw:Manual:Notifications|Manual:Notifications]], information about migration in [[phab:T388663|T388663]] and details on deprecated hooks in [[phab:T389624|T389624]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.9|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Event:WikidataCon 2025|WikidataCon 2025]], the conference dedicated to Wikidata is now open for [https://pretalx.com/wikidatacon-2025/cfp session proposals] and for [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/1340|registration]]. This year's event will be held online from October 31 – November 02 and will explore on the theme of &quot;Connecting People through Linked Open Data&quot;.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/28|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W28&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:04, 8 جُلَے 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-29&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W29&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/29|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery#Featured templates|Featured templates]], a new feature related to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template Recall and Discovery]] will be deployed this week to all Wikimedia projects: With this feature, editors will be able to quickly access a list of templates that are likely to be useful. These templates will be displayed in a list, under the &quot;featured&quot; tab of the template discovery interface. Administrators can define the list via the Community Configuration interface. The feature fulfills a request by the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Easy access Templates|through the Community Wishlist]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367428][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392896]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the request to add Malayalam fonts in the [[oldWikisource:Special:MyLanguage/Wikisource:WS Export|Wikisource Book Export Tool]] was resolved and now, the rendering of Malayalam letters in exported Wikisource books are accurate. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374457]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* Developers, designers, and all Wikimedians are invited to [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/7953/ submit a project idea] for the Wikimania Hackathon 2025. Read [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/06/30/call-for-projects-wikimania-hackathon-2025-is-coming-to-nairobi/ this Diff blog post] for more details.

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2025|WikiIndaba 2025]] scholarship application and program submission is open until 23:59 GMT on July 20. WikiIndaba is a regional conference for African Wikimedians both on the continent and in the diaspora to unite and grow together. Submit [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdJTv68R1OPASXXDfpIl8EWiMLTM-TDwh6_5gNVvFuWccFZ2Q/viewform your scholarship application] and [https://ee.kobotoolbox.org/x/BI3omIfH program proposal] now!
* [https://br.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiCon_Brasil_2025 WikiCon Brasil 2025] will take place on July 19-20 in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The Brazilian community members are encouraged to register and attend!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/29|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W29&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:07, 14 جُلَے 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=28980963 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-30&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W30&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/30|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Translation Suggestions feature in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content Translation tool]] now has another level of article filters added to the &quot;[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en&amp;to=fi#/ ... More]&quot; category. Translators who use the Suggestions feature can now select and receive article suggestions that are customized to geographical locations of their interest using the new &quot;{{int:Cx-sx-suggestions-filters-tab-regions}}&quot; filter. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T113257]
* Administrators can now limit &quot;Add a Link&quot; to newcomers. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|&quot;Add a Link&quot;]] Structured Task [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Constructive activation experimentation#Enwiki A/B test &amp; &quot;Add a Link&quot; Improvements (Wiki Experiences 1.2.11 &amp; 1.2.16)|helps new account holders start editing]], but some communities have requested the ability to restrict it to its intended audience: newcomers. Administrators can configure this setting within the [[Special:CommunityConfiguration/GrowthSuggestedEdits|Community Configuration]] feature.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* For AbuseFilter editors on [[phab:T392144|some wikis]], it is now possible to filter edits based on the RevertRisk score of the edit being attempted. It is only populated if the action being evaluated is an edit. For more information, please see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ORES/AbuseFilter variables#What variables are available for use|ORES/AbuseFilter variables]] documentation.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Cluster|Beta Cluster]] wikis have [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/YDABPV75LADRQCXMJAFWUP256N4EQ25B/|been moved]] from &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;beta.wmflabs.org&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;beta.wmcloud.org&lt;/code&gt;. Users may need to update URLs in any tools, or in their password managers. Any related issues can be [[phab:T289318|reported in the task]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.11|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiCite 2025|WikiCite 2025]] will take place from 29–31 August, both online and in-person in Bern, Switzerland. The event's goals are to reconnect communities, institutions, and individuals working with open citations, bibliographic data, and the Wikidata/Wikibase ecosystem. Registration is open and the call for proposals will be announced soon. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/message/KQZUG3ETKLBWPBYSB2YAWZIRPWHS24TG/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/30|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W30&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:40, 21 جُلَے 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-31&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W31&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/31|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Community Tech team will be focusing on wishes related to Watchlists and Recent Changes pages, over the next few months. They are looking for feedback. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#July 24, 2025: Watchlists and Recent Changes pages|read the latest update]], and if you have ideas, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|submit a wish]] on the topic.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Wikimedia Commons community has decided to block [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Upload dialog|cross-wiki uploads]] to Wikimedia Commons, for all users without autoconfirmed rights on that wiki, starting on August 16. This is because of [[:c:Commons:Cross-wiki media upload tool/History|widespread problems]] related to files that are uploaded by newcomers. Users who are affected by this will get an error message with a link to the less restrictive UploadWizard on Commons. Please help translating the [[:c:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki:Abusefilter-disallowed-cross-wiki-upload|message]] or give feedback on the message text. Please also update your local help pages to explain this restriction. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370598]
* On wikis with temporary accounts enabled and Meta-Wiki, administrators may now set up a footer for the Special:Contributions pages of temporary accounts, similar to those which can be shown on IP and user-account pages. They may do it by creating the page named &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Sp-contributions-footer-temp&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398347]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.12|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Wikimania|Wikimania 2025]] will run from August 6–9. The [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/schedule/ program is available] for you to plan which sessions you want to attend. Most sessions will be live-streamed, with exceptions for those that show the &quot;no camera&quot; icon. If you are joining online to watch live-streams and use the interactive features, please [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Registration|register]] for a free virtual ticket. For example, you may be interested in technical sessions such as:
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/KFEFVG/ Temporary Accounts: Enhancing privacy for our unregistered editors]
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/TVCVAB/ Building a Sustainable Future for Wikimedia Contributors]
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/WTRQCJ/ A dozen visions for wikitext!]
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/8YKKP9/ Coordinate Across Stakeholders with the Product and Technology Advisory Council]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2025|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Fall 2025]] will be held 28–30 October 2025 in Hanover, Germany. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/31|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W31&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:25, 29 جُلَے 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29051727 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-32&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W32&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/32|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Editors can now enable the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/User Info|User Info card]]. This feature adds an icon next to usernames on history pages and similar user-contribution log pages. When you tap or click on the icon, it displays data related to that user account such as the number of edits, reverted edits, blocks, and more. It's part of a broader project to make it easier for moderators to evaluate account trustworthiness. The feature can be enabled in [[testwiki:Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|your global preferences]], and later this week it will be available in local preferences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386439]
* Everybody is invited to share comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|Collaborative Contributions]], a project recently launched by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Connection Team|Connection team]]. The project aims to create a new way to display the impact of collaborative editing activities (such as edit-a-thons, backlog drives, and WikiProjects) on the wikis. Post your comments on the [[m:Talk:CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378035]
* Administrators can now define the default block duration for temporary accounts. To do that, they need to create a page named &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Ipb-default-expiry-temporary-account&lt;/code&gt; and use a value defined in &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Ipboptions&lt;/code&gt;. This allows administrators to easily block temporary accounts for 90 days, which is functionally equivalent to an indefinite block. The advantage of this solution is that it does not clutter Special:BlockList. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block and unblock#Default block duration options|More documentation]] is available. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398626]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Gadgets can now include &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;.vue&lt;/code&gt; files. This makes it easier to develop modern user interfaces using [[mw:Vue.js|Vue.js]], in particular using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the official design system of Wikimedia. [[wmdoc:codex/latest/icons/overview.html|Codex icons]] can be loaded through the gadget definition. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Pages|The documentation]] has examples. For user scripts that use Vue.js, an [[mw:API:CodexIcons|API module]] now exists to load Codex icons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340460][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T311099]
* Module developers can now use a [[mw:Help:Extension:Translate/Message Bundles/Lua reference|Lua interface]] to simplify the preparation of Lua modules for translation on Meta-Wiki. This improvement makes it easier for translators to find and edit module strings without dealing with raw Lua code. It helps prevent mistakes that could break the module during translation. Module developers and translators are invited to [[commons:File:Translatable modules video demo July 2025.webm|watch the demo video]], read more about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translatable modules|translatable modules]] to understand how it works, refer to Meta-Wiki's [[m:Module:User Wikimedia project|Module:User Wikimedia project]] for example usage, and [[mw:Talk:Translatable modules|share their feedback]] on how well it addresses the challenges in their workflow. The interface still has some performance issues, so it should not be used in widely used modules yet. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359918]
* Developers of external tools that connect to Wikimedia pages must set a user-agent that complies with [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|the user-agent policy]]. This policy will start to be more strongly enforced in August because of external crawlers that are [[diffblog:2025/04/01/how-crawlers-impact-the-operations-of-the-wikimedia-projects/|overusing]] Wikimedia's resources. Tools that are hosted on Wikimedia's Toolforge or Cloud VPS will not be affected by this for now, but should still set a user-agent. [[phab:T400119|More technical details are available]], and related questions are welcome in that task.
* Parsoid Read Views is going to be rolling out to some smaller Wikipedias over the next few weeks, following the successful transition of Wikivoyages and Wiktionaries to Parsoid Read Views. For more information, see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]] project page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/profile/7694/]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.13|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Wikimania|Wikimania 2025]] will run from August 6–9. The [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/schedule/ program is available] for you to plan which sessions you want to attend. Most sessions will be live-streamed, with exceptions for those that show the &quot;no camera&quot; icon. If you are joining online to watch live-streams and use the interactive features, please [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Registration|register]] for a free virtual ticket. For example, you may be interested in technical sessions such as:
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/GEH9DH/ Wikimedia’s knowledge infrastructure in a changing internet: Establishing sustainable pathways for content reuse]
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/7ELN9Q/ Wikifunctions is coming soon to a wiki near you!]
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/ZMGVJV/ Shaping the Future of Wikipedia’s Reader Experience]
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/KCKTFZ/ Making Wikipedia More Readable: What Comes Next]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/32|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W32&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 03:38, 5 اَگست 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29083927 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-33&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W33&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/33|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The WikiEditor toolbar now includes [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:WikiEditor#Keyboard shortcuts|its keyboard shortcuts]] in the tooltips for its buttons. This will help to improve the discoverability of this feature. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400583]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] published a set of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/August 2025 draft PTAC proposals for feedback|proposed experiments]] the Wikimedia Foundation can try to improve communication with community. Feedback on the proposals are welcomed until August 22 on [[m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/August 2025 draft PTAC proposals for feedback|this talk page]].
* The search bar on the Minerva skin (mobile) has been updated to use the same type-ahead search component that is used on the Vector 2022 skin. There are no changes in search functionality but there are minor visual changes. Specifically, the close-search button has been changed from an &quot;X&quot; to a back arrow. This helps to distinguish it from the other &quot;X&quot; button that is used to clear any text. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393944]
* Editors on some wikis will see a new toggle for &quot;Group results by page&quot; on watchlist, related changes, and recent changes pages. This is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Watchlist/Experiment|an A/B experiment]] that is planned to start on August 11, and will run for 3–6 weeks on the Bengali, Chinese, Czech, French, Greek, Portuguese, and Urdu Wikipedias. The experiment will examine how making this feature more discoverable might affect editors' ability to find the edits they are looking for. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396789]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The multiwiki datasets of [[:wikt:en:Module:Unicode data|Unicode data]] have been moved to [[c:Category:Unicode Module Datasets|Category:Unicode Module Datasets]] on Wikimedia Commons, to follow the idea of &quot;One common data source, multiple local wikis&quot;. Most wikis have been updated to use the Commons version. You can ask questions at [[c:Category talk:Unicode Module Datasets|the talkpage]]. [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Module_talk:Unicode_data#Data_from_commons]
* Lua code can add warnings when something is wrong, by using the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.addWarning()&lt;/code&gt; function. It is now possible to add more than one warning, instead of new warnings replacing old ones. If you maintain a Lua module that used warnings, you should check it still works as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398390]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/33|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W33&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:27, 11 اَگست 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29106516 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-34&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W34&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/34|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Later this week, people who are logged-in and have the &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary|Discussion tools]]&quot; [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] enabled will gain the ability to &quot;Thank&quot; individual comments directly from talk pages, rather than needing to navigate to page history. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary#Comment actions|Learn more about this feature]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400849]
* An A/B test comparing two versions of the desktop donate link launched on testwiki on 12 August and on English Wikipedia 14 August for 0.1% of logged out users on the desktop site. The experiment will run for three weeks, ending on 12 September. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395716]
* An A/A test to measure the baseline for reader retention was launched 12 August using [[wikitech:Experimentation Lab|Experimentation Lab]]. This measures the percentage of users who revisit a wiki after their initial visit over a 14-day period. No visual changes are expected. The experiment will run through 31 August. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399227]
* Five new wikis have been created:
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource/en}} in [[d:Q34057|Tagalog]] ([[s:tl:|&lt;code&gt;s:tl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T388639]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource/en}} in [[d:Q36213|Madurese]] ([[s:mad:|&lt;code&gt;s:mad:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391747]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q3450749|Rakhine]] ([[w:rki:|&lt;code&gt;w:rki:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392490]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikibooks/en}} in [[d:Q13324|Minangkabau]] ([[b:min:|&lt;code&gt;b:min:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395452]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q7598268|Standard Moroccan Amazigh]] ([[wikt:zgh:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:zgh:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399684]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:46}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:46|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/34|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W34&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:36, 19 اَگست 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29127690 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-35&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W35&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/35|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Template authors can now use additional CSS properties, since the CSS sanitizer used by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles]] was updated. For example: &lt;code&gt;width: fit-content&lt;/code&gt;; &lt;code&gt;ruby-align&lt;/code&gt;; relative units such as &lt;code&gt;lh&lt;/code&gt;; and custom strings in &lt;code&gt;list-style-type&lt;/code&gt;. These improvements are a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Allow use of modern CSS in templates by updating the TemplateStyles CSS sanitizer|Community Wishlist wish]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271958][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T277755][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T293633][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295088][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326906][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340057][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T360725][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371809][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375344][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T394619]
* On large wikis, the default time period to display edits from, within the Special:RecentChanges page, has been changed from 7 days to 1 day. This is part of a performance improvement project. This should have no user-facing impact due to the quantity of edits on these wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399455]
* Administrators can now access the [[{{#special:BlockedExternalDomains}}]] page from the [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration}}]] list page. This makes it easier to find. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393240]
* Wikimedia Commons videos were not shown in the Videos tab in Google Search. The problem was investigated and reported to Google who have now fixed the issue. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396168][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Wishlist/Wishes/Do_something_about_Google_%26_DuckDuckGo_search_not_indexing_media_files_and_categories_on_Commons] 
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q33014|Betawi]] ([[wikt:bew:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:bew:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402130]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:39}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:39|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Two fields of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Recentchanges table|recentchanges database table]] are being removed. &lt;code&gt;rc_new&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;rc_type&lt;/code&gt; are being removed in favor of &lt;code&gt;rc_source&lt;/code&gt;. Queries to these older fields will start to fail starting this week and developers should use &lt;code&gt;rc_source&lt;/code&gt; instead. These older fields were deprecated over 10 years ago and should not be in use. This is part of work to improve the performance and stability of queries to the recentchanges table. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400696] 
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/July|Language and Internationalization Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: support for new languages in MediaWiki and translatewiki; the start of the Language Onboarding and Development project to help support the growth of new and small wikis; updates on research projects; and more.

'''Meetings and events'''
* The next [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Community meetings#29 August 2025|Language Community Meeting]] is happening soon, August 29th at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1756479600 15:00 UTC]. This week's meeting will cover: the Avro keyboard developers from Wikimedia Bangladesh, who were recently awarded a national award for their contributions to this keyboard; and other topics. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/35|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W35&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:10, 26 اَگست 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29175124 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-36&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W36&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/36|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Editing team wants to compile a list of templates, jargon terms, and policies used in edit summaries when a copyright violation is removed. This will help them identify the number of edits reverted due to copyright issues. We invite community members from the following Wikis to list these terms in [[Phab:T402601|T402601]], or to share their list with [[User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]]: {{int:project-localized-name-arwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-eswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-idwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-itwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-plwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ukwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-viwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zhwiki/en}}. This project is open until September 9th 2025.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] has been enabled for all Wikisources. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. The extension has three features: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Connection Team/Invitation list|Invitation List]]. To request the extension for your wiki, visit the Deployment information page. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CampaignEvents/Deployment_status#How_to_Request_the_CampaignEvents_Extension_for_your_wiki]
* The lists in the footer of the editing interface, such as &quot;Templates used on this page,&quot; will now be organized into columns when there is enough space. This enhancement minimizes scrolling when editing lengthy articles on Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401066]
* On September 3rd, 2025 we will increase the sampling percentages of our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Watchlist/Experiment#Scope of the experiment|group by toggle experiment]] of the &lt;code&gt;Special:RecentChanges&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Special:Watchlist&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;Special:RelatedChanges&lt;/code&gt; pages on the Chinese, French, and Portuguese Wikipedias to 100 percent, allowing more editors to be part of this experiment. This adjustment is intended to ensure we have sufficient data to make informed decisions when evaluating the experiment results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402958][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396789]
* Upon clicking an empty search bar, logged-out users will see suggestions of articles for further reading on English Wikipedia beginning the week of September 22. The feature will be available on both desktop and mobile. All non-English wikis received this change in June and July. The goal is to make it easier for users to find articles. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments/Search Suggestions|Learn more]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:37}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:37|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.17|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* Wikifunctions now has a new capability called &quot;lightweight enumeration types&quot;, an enumeration type is simply a fixed set of values that's in the type's definition. This capability makes it quick and easy to define such a type, and allows for the reuse of values that are already present in Wikidata. Here is [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-19|a newsletter]] to learn more.
* The latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Newsletter updates#August 2025: Newsletter #1|Readers Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: the formation of two new teams — Reader Growth and Reader Experience; insights into declining pageviews and account creations; highlights from the Wikimania Nairobi panel on improving the reading experience; upcoming experiments to engage new and existing readers; and more.

'''Meetings and events'''
* Spotlight on some Wikimania 2025 Sessions:
** Identifying AI-generated text by searching for ISBNs whose checksums fail: Mathias Schindler of WMDE [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dw9o8Lsl974&amp;t=15910s shared tools to help communities search for these].
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/TCHZKH/ La durabilité du mouvement Wikimedia face aux défis actuels et futurs]: This session explored how Wikimedia can stay a trusted source of knowledge in the age of generative AI, information overload, and disinformation.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/36|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W36&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:48, 1 سیٚپٹَمبَر 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-37&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W37&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/37|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Editing team is working on a new check: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Paste check|Paste check]]. This check informs newcomers who paste text into Wikipedia that the content might not be accepted. This check is an effort to increase the likelihood that the new content people are adding to Wikipedia is aligned with the Movement's commitment to offering information under a free content license. This check will soon be tested at a few wikis. If your community is interested in this test, please [[phab:T403680|tell us in this task]], or [[mw:Talk:Edit check|contact the team]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Later this week, users of the &quot;{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}&quot; [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will be able to use a [[w:en:Lint (software)|linting tool]] to see errors or other potential problems in wikitext in real time. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|help page for more information]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381577]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] When browsing a wiki (like &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;en.wikipedia.org&lt;/code&gt;), the software responds in one of two ways: a desktop page, or a redirect to a mobile version on an &quot;m&quot; domain (like &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;en.m.wikipedia.org&lt;/code&gt;). Over the next three weeks, MediaWiki will start displaying the mobile version to mobile devices directly on the standard domain, without this redirect. This change does not affect existing m-dot URLs, or the &quot;Desktop view&quot; opt-out. [[mw:Requests for comment/Mobile domain sunsetting/2025 Announcement|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214998]
* When an edit changes the categories of a page, the changes to the category membership counts are now happening asynchronously. This improves the speed of saving edits, especially when moving many pages to or from the same category, and reduces the risk of site outages, but it means that the counts can show outdated information for a few minutes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365303] 
* Edits on Wikidata to qualifiers (properties and values) and references (properties and values) in a Wikidata item statement will now not add entries to the RecentChanges or Watchlist pages on all other Wikis. This is a temporary change to improve performance while other solutions are created. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Reduce change propagation noise#Phase 1: Turn off (temporarily) Qualifiers and References Wikidata edits to the Recent Changes tables|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401286][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400698]
* Japanese-language wikis have had a major upgrade to the way that search works. The new search should generally give more accurate and more relevant search results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T318269]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.18|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/37|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W37&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:12, 9 سیٚپٹَمبَر 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-38&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W38&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/38|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* References lists that are made using the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;references/&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Cite#references-tag|tag]] will now automatically display with columns in Vector 2022 when readers are using its 'standard' settings for text-size and page-width. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334941]
* Starting in the week of October 6, on [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/small.dblist|small wikis]] and [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/medium.dblist|medium wikis]] that have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] enabled, all autoconfirmed users will be able to use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] as an organizer. No changes will be made for [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/large.dblist|large wikis]] unless requested in Phabricator. This change is being made to make it easier for more people to use Event Registration, especially on wikis that are less likely to have policies related to the Event Organizer right. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Proposal to grant autoconfirmed users on small and medium wikis the organizer access to the event registration tool|Learn more]].
* Users that search using regular expressions (regex) can now use additional features including:
** for the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;intitle:&lt;/code&gt; keyword: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Metacharacters|metacharacters]] for start-of-line (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;^&lt;/code&gt;) and end-of-line (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;$&lt;/code&gt;) anchors [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T317599]
** for both &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;intitle:&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;insource:&lt;/code&gt; keywords: shorthand [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Character_Classes|character classes]] for digits (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;\d&lt;/code&gt;), whitespace (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;\s&lt;/code&gt;), and word characters (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;\w&lt;/code&gt;); and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Escape codes|escape codes]] for line feed (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;\r&lt;/code&gt;), newline (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;\n&lt;/code&gt;), tab (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;\t&lt;/code&gt;), and unicode (e.g. &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;\uHHHH&lt;/code&gt;). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403212]
* When you search for text that looks like an IP, the system will now show search results. It used to take you to the contributions for that IP instead of showing search results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306325]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on September 24. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1758726000 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests which happen twice a year. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the background and details of this process on the Diff blog]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that affected users who used the page-tabs to switch from wikitext editing of a section into the visualeditor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401043]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is redesigning the Wikimedia REST API Sandbox with Codex. If you have feedback on improvements for the API documentation or what makes developer experiences smooth (or frustrating), you’re invited to [https://calendar.google.com/calendar/u/0/appointments/schedules/AcZssZ2aZzbXeQvjOF7gB1fJXiwAYemQjKf4sXNaRODPA7_obFyNBwkzNkoVCoTF-aeov89kIjXHbCQm join an upcoming discovery interview], or [[mw:MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Developer Feedback/Wikimedia Web APIs|leave feedback onwiki]]. [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/C4FBAOA57PH6G5ORVMAUF5TGYBLZDU5Q/|Learn more]].
* Edits to Wikidata aliases (an alternative name for an item or a property) will now be shown in RecentChanges and Watchlist entries on other wikis less often, reducing unnecessary notifications. This will reduce the overall quantity of 'noisy' entries. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Reduce change propagation noise#Phase 1: More granular Alias tracking|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401288]
* The new [https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode17.0.0/ Unicode 17.0] version has been released. The [[:c:Category:Unicode Module Datasets|datasets on Commons]] for the [[:d:Q39301585|Module:Unicode data]] have been updated. Wikipedias that do not use the Commons datasets should either update their own data or switch to the Commons datasets.
* Users of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] Structured Contents endpoints can now access [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/parsed-wikipedia-tables/ Parsed Tables]. The new Parsed Tables feature extracts and represents Wikipedia tables in structured JSON. This improves machine accessibility as part of the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/api/structured-contents/ Structured Contents initiative]. Structured Contents output is freely available through the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/docs/on-demand/#article-structured-contents-beta On-demand API], or through Wikimedia Cloud Services. 
* A [https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/wikimedia-foundation/english-wikipedia-people-dataset dataset of English Wikipedia biographical information] from [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] has been published on Kaggle, for evaluation and research. This provides structured data from more than 1.5 million biographies, including birth and death dates, education, affiliations, careers, awards, and more (from a June 2024 snapshot).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2026:Scholarships|Scholarship applications]] for Wikimania 2026 in Paris, France, are open until October 31.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/38|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W38&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:05, 15 سیٚپٹَمبَر 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29263921 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-39&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W39&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/39|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1758726000 On September 24th at 15:00 UTC], all Wikimedia sites users will experience a brief read-only period due to a scheduled [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|datacenter server switchover]]. The Wikimedia Foundation's Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) team will redirect all traffic from one primary server to its backup. You can listen to the switchover using the [http://listen.hatnote.com/ &quot;Listen to Wikipedia&quot;] tool, where you will hear edits stop for a few minutes during the read-only phase, then resume. This twice-yearly datacenter server switchover ensures reliability by testing the backup datacenter, so that our sites can stay online even if the primary datacenter fails. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the process on the Diff blog]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* Editors of [[f:Special:Mylanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-12#Next round of Wiktionaries to receive embedded Wikifunctions calls|60 more Wiktionaries]] will soon be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them into their pages. A function takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, like adding numbers, converting miles to meters, calculating elapsed time, or declining a word into a case. They will join the other [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-29#Wikifunctions available on 65 Wiktionaries|65 Wiktionary language editions]], which already have access to embedded Wikifunctions calls. Later this year, plans are in place to expand to more Wiktionaries and the Incubator.
* A new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#Technical metadata of another page|parser function]] has been added: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#contentmodel}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. Template editors and admins can use it to get the localized or canonical name of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|content model]] of a specific page. The function makes it easier to create and edit system messages, such as ''MediaWiki:editinginterface'', even when you switch types of pages, like wiki, JavaScript, CSS or JSON page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328254]
* Adding or editing a &lt;code&gt;DISPLAYTITLE&lt;/code&gt; for an article using VisualEditor will no longer be broken. Editors who use VisualEditor mode to modify the &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{DISPLAYTITLE}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; would no longer have the literal text &quot;DISPLAYTITLE&quot; or its localized variant added to their articles. A list of pages that may have been affected and might need cleanup is documented in [[phab:P83438|this ticket]]. 
* Beta users of the Wikipedia Android app can now try the redesigned [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Activity Tab Experiment|Activity tab]], which replaces the Edits tab. The new tab offers personalized insights into reading, editing, and donation activity, while simplifying navigation and making app use more engaging.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:12}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:12|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* Wikifunctions users can now import many essential facts involving [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6011|geo-coordinates]], [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6010|quantities]] and [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6064|time]] values from Wikidata. This is made possible by the creation of Wikifunctions types for these values, which makes them available for use by functions in Wikifunctions. Learn more about how this works in [[c:File:ImportingWikidataDatatypesIntoWikifunctions.webm|this video]] and Wikifunctions' [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-01#News in Types I: Wikidata quantity|August 1 newsletter]] (for quantities) and [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-22#News in Types: Wikidata geo-coordinate|August 22 newsletter]] (for geo-coordinates).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/39|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W39&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:54, 22 سیٚپٹَمبَر 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-40&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W40&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/40|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* A major software upgrade has been made to [[phab:|Phabricator]]. The update introduces performance improvements, a refreshed search interface, enhancements to Maniphest task search, updates to user profile pages and project workboards, new Herald automation features, as well as general text input, mobile experience improvements and more. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/phame/post/view/321/iterative_improvements_september_2025/]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Community Tech team will release the new Community Wishlist extension on October 1, that will improve the way wishes will be submitted. The new extension will allow users to add tags to their wishes to better categorise them, and (in a future iteration) to filter them by status, tags and focus areas. It will also be possible to support individual wishes again, as requested by the community in many instances. The old system will be retired. There will be a brief period of downtime while the extension is deployed and wishes are migrated to the new system. You can read more about this [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|in the latest update]] or you can consult the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CommunityRequests|current documentation on MediaWiki]].
* As announced [[diffblog:2025/09/02/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha/|on Diff blog]], the production trial of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/hCaptcha|hCaptcha]] service for bot detection has begun. The trial is currently using hCaptcha to protect account creation on Chinese, Persian, Portuguese, Indonesian, Japanese, and Turkish Wikipedias, where it will replace our existing [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ConfirmEdit#FancyCaptcha|CAPTCHA]] (FancyCaptcha). The goal with the trial is to better block bots while also improving usability and accessibility for users who encounter CAPTCHA challenges.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension has been [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|deployed]] to Wikimedia Commons. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. On Commons, anyone who is a registered user can use it as an event participant. To use it as an organizer, someone needs to have the [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Event organizers|event organizer right]].
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to German Wikipedia. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|test the feature]] on testwiki or [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on betawiki] as well. Please share your thoughts on [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Templates used in sub-references|using templates in sub-references]] or [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|volunteer to become a pilot wiki]].
* On wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|Mentorship]] system, communities can now opt experienced editors out of Mentorship through [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration/Mentorship}}]]. Within this setting, communities may define thresholds, based on edit count and account age, to decide when an editor is considered experienced enough to no longer receive Mentorship. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403563]
* The Editing Team and the Machine Learning Team are working on a new check for newcomers: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tone Check|Tone check]]. Using a prediction model, this check will encourage editors to improve the tone of their edits, using artificial intelligence. We invite volunteers to review the first version of the Tone language model for the following languages: Arabic, Czech, German, Hebrew, Indonesian, Dutch, Polish, Russian, Turkish, Chinese, Farsi, Italian, Norwegian, Romanian and Latvian. Users from these wikis interested in reviewing this model are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check/Tone_Check/Model_evaluation|invited to sign up at MediaWiki.org]]. The deadline to sign up is on October 3, which will be the start date of the test.
* The rollout of [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|multiblocks]] had the side effect that non-active block logs may have been shown on {{#special:Contributions}} and on blocked users' user and user_talk pages. This issue will be fully resolved in a few days. As part of the fix, [{{fullurl:Special:Allmessages|prefix=sp-contributions-blocked-notice}} messages prefixed with &lt;code&gt;sp-contributions-blocked-notice&lt;/code&gt;] will be removed and replaced with [{{fullurl:Special:Allmessages|prefix=blocked-notice-logextract}} those prefixed with &lt;code&gt;blocked-notice-logextract&lt;/code&gt;] in a few weeks. Please help translate the new messages and update any local overrides if needed.
* There was a bug with links added using visual editor if they included characters such as &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[ ] |&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; after the fragment identifier (&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;#&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;). They were not encoded properly creating an incorrect link. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404823]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote/en}} in [[d:Q9237|Malay]] ([[q:ms:|&lt;code&gt;q:ms:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404698]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/User Info|User Info Card]] now displays currently active global lock/blocks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401128]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Later this week, editors using Lua modules will be able to use the &lt;code&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.title.newBatch|mw.title.newBatch]]&lt;/code&gt; function to look up the existence of up to 25 pages at once, in a way that only increases the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parser functions#Expensive parser functions|expensive function]] count once.
* A new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|Unsupported Tools Working Group]] has been formed as part of ongoing efforts to collectively determine technical work priorities, similar to the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product &amp; Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC). The working group will help prioritize and review requests for support of unmaintained extensions, gadgets, bots, and tools. For the first cycle, the group will be prioritizing an unsupported Wikimedia Commons tool.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/40|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W40&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:50, 29 سیٚپٹَمبَر 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-41&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W41&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/41|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#paste|Paste Check]] is a new Edit Check feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check prompts them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. Starting Wednesday, 8 October, [[phab:T403680|22 wikis will test Paste Check]]. Paste Check will help new volunteers understand and follow the policies and guidelines necessary to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia projects.
'''Updates for editors'''
* Mobile devices will receive mobile articles directly on the standard domain (like &lt;code&gt;en.wikipedia.org&lt;/code&gt;), instead of via a redirect to an &quot;m&quot; domain (like &lt;code&gt;en.m.wikipedia.org&lt;/code&gt;). This change improves performance. This week it will be enabled on Wikipedias. The existing mobile URLs and the &quot;Desktop view&quot; opt-out remain available. [[mw:Requests for comment/Mobile domain sunsetting/2025 Announcement|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214998]
* New [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#creationdate and lasteditdate|date filters]], &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;creationdate:&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;lasteditdate:&lt;/code&gt;, are now available in the wiki search engine. This allows users to filter search results by a page's first or last revision date. The filters support comparison operators (e.g. &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&gt;2024&lt;/code&gt;) and relative dates (e.g. &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;today-1d&lt;/code&gt;), making it easier to find recently updated content or pages within specific age ranges. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403593]
* [[f:|Wikifunctions]] now supports rich text in embedded calls across the 150 wikis where it's enabled. To showcase this, the team created a [[f:Z26333|Latin declination table]] that Wiktionary editors can use to automatically generate noun forms, producing clear, formatted results — see an [[f:Wikifunctions:Embedded function calls/Wiktionary tables demonstration|example output]]. If you need any help or have any feedback, please [[f:Wikifunctions:Project chat|contact the Wikifunctions Team]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T397402]
* An edit link will now appear inside the categories box on article pages for logged in users, which will directly launch the VisualEditor category dialog. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T291691]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:34}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:34|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a problem downloading pdf files last week and that has been resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405957]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The field &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;rev_sha1&lt;/code&gt; in the revision database table is being removed in favor of &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;content_sha1&lt;/code&gt; in the content database table. See [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/2D2M3SP4WHR6BXXKTZ2PBLZQYR3EGQVR/ the announcement] for more information.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web|Reader Experience team]] will roll out [[w:en:Light-on-dark color scheme|Dark Mode]] user interface on all Wikimedia sites on October 29, 2025. All anonymous users of Wikimedia sites will have the option to activate a color scheme that features light-colored text on a dark background. This is designed to provide a more comfortable reading experience, especially in low-light situations. Template authors and technical contributors are encouraged to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-04|learn how to make pages ready for Dark mode]] and address any compatibility issues found in templates in their wiki before the enablement. Please contact the Web team for questions or any support on [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading#|this talk page]] before the enablement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395628]
* Starting on Monday, October 6, API endpoints under the &lt;code&gt;rest.php&lt;/code&gt; path will be rerouted through a new internal API Gateway. Individual wikis will be updated based on the standard release groups, with total traffic increased over time. This change is expected to be non-breaking and non-disruptive. If any issues are observed, please file a Phabricator ticket to the [[phab:tag/serviceops/|Service Ops team board]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400130]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.22|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/41|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W41&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:21, 6 اَکتوٗبَر 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-42&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W42&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/42|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Last week, improvements to account security and two-factor authentication (2FA) features were enabled across all wikis. These changes include user interface improvements for [https://auth.wikimedia.org/metawiki/wiki/Special:AccountSecurity Special:AccountSecurity], the support of multiple 2FA methods via authenticator apps and portable security keys (previously users could only enable one method), and a new Recovery Codes module which facilitates fewer account lockouts due to lost two-factor apps and devices. As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project, work is continuing through the rest of 2025 on further user experience improvements, and support for passkeys as an alternate second factor. 

'''Updates for editors'''

* Another part of the Account security project is making 2FA generally available to all users. Along with editors with advanced privileges, such as administrators and bureaucrats, 40% of editors now have access to 2FA. You can check if you have access at [https://auth.wikimedia.org/metawiki/wiki/Special:AccountSecurity Special:AccountSecurity]. Instructions for activation are on the linked page. The plan is to continue increasing availability if it is determined that the user support capabilities are able to support global usage. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400579]
* This week, users at wikis where talk page [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|Usability Improvements]] are already available by default (everywhere ''except'' the 12 wikis listed in [[phab:T379264|T379264]]) will gain the ability to Thank a comment directly from the talk page it appears on. Before this change, Thanking could only be done by visiting the revision history of the talk page. You can [[diffblog:2025/10/13/revolutionizing-gratitude-a-new-era-of-thanking-comments/|learn more about this change]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366095]
* Users who have not [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-personal-email|verified their email address]] will soon be receiving monthly Notification reminders to do so. This is because users who have verified their email can more easily recover their account. These reminders will not be sent if the user is inactive or removes the unverified email from their account. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email_confirmation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T58074]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a fix was made for an occasional error with saving translated paragraphs in the Content Translation tool, and the related error messages are now easier to see. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376531]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''

* The Unsupported Tools Working Group has chosen [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2Commons]] as the first tool for its pilot cycle. The group will explore ways to improve and sustain the tool over the coming months. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|Learn more on Meta]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.23|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/42|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W42&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:58, 13 اَکتوٗبَر 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-43&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W43&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/43|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* To optimize how user data is stored in our databases, the saved preferences of users who haven't logged in for over five years and have fewer than 100 edits will be cleared. When those users return, default settings will apply. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406724]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a broken link from the GlobalContributions interface message to the XTools GlobalContributions page which has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406415]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The work to reroute all traffic to API endpoints under the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;rest.php&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; route through a common API gateway is now complete. If any issues are observed, please file a phabricator ticket to the [[phab:tag/serviceops/|Service Ops team board]].
* Edits to Wikidata references or qualifiers will now be shown in RecentChanges and Watchlist entries on other wikis less often, reducing unnecessary notifications. This will reduce the overall quantity of 'noisy' entries. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401290]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.24|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/43|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W43&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:34, 20 اَکتوٗبَر 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-44&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W44&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Wikipedia iOS app has launched an A/B/C test of improvements made to the tabbed browsing feature for select regions and languages. The test, named “More dynamic tabs”, explores new tab experiences and includes “Did you know” and “Because you read” article recommendations. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Tabbed Browsing (Tabs)/New Tab Experience and Recommendations Experiment|read more on the project page]].
* Autoconfirmed users on [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/small.dblist|small]] and [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/medium.dblist|medium wikis]] with the CampaignEvents extension can now use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] without the Event Organizer right. This feature lets organizers enable registration, manage participants, and lets users register with one click instead of signing event pages.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue of flashing colors when holding or pressing the arrow keys under the dark mode settings in Vector 2022 has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402285]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''

* The CampaignEvents extension will be deployed to all remaining wikis during the week of 17 November 2025. The extension currently includes three features: Event Registration, Collaboration List, and Invitation List. For this rollout, Invitation List will not be enabled on Wikifunctions and MediaWiki unless requested by those communities. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|Visit the deployment page to learn more]].
* The SwaggerUI-based REST sandbox experience is now live on all wiki projects. The sandbox can be accessed through the [[{{#special:RestSandbox}}]] page. Please report any issues to the MediaWiki Interfaces team board, or join the discussion on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Feature Feedback/REST Sandbox|project launch]] page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/6931/]
* Transform endpoints with a trailing slash path in the MediaWiki REST API are now marked as deprecated. They will remain functional during this time, but removal is expected by the end of January 2026. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?api=mw-extra&amp;title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST Sandbox]. See the [[mw:API/Deprecation|MediaWiki REST API Deprecation]] page for more detailed information about the API deprecation policies and procedures.
* A dedicated [[mw:API:REST API/Changelog|changelog now exists for the MediaWiki REST API]]. The changelog provides an overview of these changes, making it easier for developers to keep track of improvements and iterations. Announcements will also continue to flow through the standard communication channels, including Tech News and email distribution lists, but can now be more easily referenced from a central location. If you have feedback about the style, structure, or content of this changelog, please [[mw:API talk:REST API/Changelog|join the discussion]].
* Administrators can delete the tracking category which was previously added by the JsonConfig extension, as it is no longer used. See the categories linked from [[d:Q130635582#sitelinks-wikipedia|Q130635582]]. It is OK if there are still pages listed in the category as that is just a caching issue, and they will be automatically cleared out the next time each page is edited. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378352]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.25|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W44&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:29, 27 اَکتوٗبَر 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-45&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W45&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/45|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Administrators will now find that [[{{#special:MergeHistory}}]] is now significantly more flexible about what it can merge. It can now merge sections taken from the middle of the history of the source (rather than only the start) and insert revisions anywhere in the history of the destination page (rather than only the start). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382958]
* For users with &quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-autotopicsub}}&quot; [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|enabled in their preferences]], starting a new topic or adding a reply to an existing topic will now subscribe them to replies to that topic. Previously, this would only happen if the DiscussionTools &quot;{{int:Skin-action-addsection}}&quot; or &quot;{{int:Discussiontools-replybutton}}&quot; widgets were used. When DiscussionTools was originally launched existing accounts were not opted in to automatic topic subscriptions, so this change should primarily affect newer accounts and users who have deliberately changed their preferences since that time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T290778]
* Scribunto modules can now be used to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#SVG library|generate SVG images]]. This can be used to build charts, graphics and other visualizations dynamically through Lua, reducing the need to compose them externally and upload them as files. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405861]
* Wikimedia sites now provide all anonymous users with the option to enable a dark mode color scheme, featuring light-colored text on a dark background. This enhancement aims to deliver a more enjoyable reading experience, especially in dimly lit environments.  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395628]
* Users with large watchlists have long faced timeouts when editing [[Special:EditWatchlist|Special:EditWatchlist]]. The page now loads entries in smaller sections instead of all at once due to a paging update, allowing everyone to edit their watchlists smoothly. As part of the database update, sorting by expiry has been removed because it was over 100× slower than sorting by title. A [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Wishlist/W454 community wish] has been created to explore alternative ways to restore sort-by-expiry. If this feature is important to you, please support the wish! [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T41510]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the fixing of the persisting highlighting when using VisualEditor find and replace during a query. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T407318]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Since 2019 the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|Wikimedia URL Shortener]] at https://w.wiki is available for all Wikimedia wikis to create short links to articles, permalinks, diffs, etc. It is available in the sidebar as &quot;Get shortened URL&quot;. There are 30 wikis that also install an older &quot;ShortUrl&quot; extension. The old extension will soon be removed. This means &lt;code&gt;/s/&lt;/code&gt; URLs will not be advertised under article titles via HTML &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;class=&quot;title-shortlink&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. The &lt;code&gt;/s/&lt;/code&gt; URLs will keep working. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T107188]
* On Thursday, October 30, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Interfaces Team|MediaWiki Interfaces]] and [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Service Operations]] teams began rerouting Action API traffic through a common API gateway. Individual wikis will be updated based on the standard release groups, with total traffic increased over time. This change is expected to be non-breaking and non-disruptive. If any issues are observed, please file a Phabricator ticket to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/tag/serviceops/ Service Ops team] board.
* MediaWiki Train deployments will pause for the final two weeks of 2025: 22 December and 29 December. Backport windows will also pause between Monday, 22 December 2025 and Thursday, 2 January 2026. A backport window is a scheduled time to add things like bug fixes and configuration changes. There are seven deployment trains remaining for 2025. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/SMWTEAES4SDLDUSK4HMWNBSKNCXZAWYN/]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.26|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* In 2025, the Wikimedia Foundation reported that AI systems and search engines increasingly use Wikipedia content without driving users to the site, contributing to an 8% drop in human pageviews compared to 2024. After detecting bots disguised as humans, Wikimedia updated its traffic data to reflect this shift. Read more about current user trends on Wikipedia in [[diffblog:2025/10/17/new-user-trends-on-wikipedia/|a Diff blog post]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/45|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W45&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:32, 3 نَوَمبَر 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-46&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W46&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/46|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
[[File:Talk pages default look (April 2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]]
* Starting November 12, users will see a change in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary#Usability improvements|appearance of talk pages]] on [[Phab:T379264|some Wikipedias]]. Almost [[phab:T392121|all wikis]] have received this design change; [[phab:T409297|English Wikipedia]] will get these changes later. You can read more [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. Users can opt out of these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in their user preferences]] in &quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379264]
* MediaWiki can now display a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Protection indicators|page indicator]] automatically while a page is protected. This feature is disabled by default. It can be enabled by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|community request]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T12347]
* Using the &quot;{{int:showpreview}}&quot; or &quot;{{int:showdiff}}&quot; buttons in the wikitext editor will now carry over certain URL parameters like '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parameters to index.php#useskin|useskin]]', '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parameters to index.php#uselang|uselang]]' and '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Section#Editing sections|section]]'. This update also fixes an issue where, if the browser crashed while previewing an edit to a single section, saving this edit could overwrite the entire page with just that section’s content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62744][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T24029][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T155097]
* Wikivoyage wikis can use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#Markers and counters|colored map markers in the article text]]. The text of these markers will now be shown in contrasting black or white color, instead of always being white. Local workarounds for the problem can be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T369454]
* The Activity tab in the Wikipedia Android app is now available for all users. The new tab offers personalized insights into reading, editing, and donation activity, while simplifying navigation and making app use more engaging. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Android/Activity_Tab_Experiment]
* The Reader Growth team is launching an experiment called &quot;Image browsing&quot; to test how to make it easier for readers to browse and discover images on Wikipedia articles. This experiment, a mobile-only A/B test, will go live on English Wikipedia in the week of November 17 and will run for four weeks, affecting 0.05% of users on English wiki. The test launched on November 3 on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese wikis, affecting up to 10% of users on those wikis. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Reader_Growth/WE3.1.3_Image_Browsing]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example the inability to lock accounts on mobile sites has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T256185]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[wikitech:Help talk:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee#November 2025 committee nominations|Nominations are open on Wikitech]] for new [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee|Toolforge standards committee]] members. The committee oversees the Toolforge [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Right to fork policy|Right to fork policy]] and [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Abandoned tool policy|Abandoned tool policy]] among other duties. Nominations will remain open through 2025-11-28.
* The [[w:JSON Web Token#Standard fields|JWT issuer field]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#OAuth 2|OAuth 2 access tokens]] for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|SUL wikis]] has been changed to &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://meta.wikimedia.org&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. Old access tokens will still work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399199]
* The [[w:JSON Web Token#Standard fields|JWT subject field]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#OAuth 2|OAuth 2 access tokens]] will soon change from &lt;code&gt;&lt;user id&gt;&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space:nowrap&quot;&gt;mw:&lt;identity type&gt;:&lt;user id&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, where &lt;code&gt;&lt;identity type&gt;&lt;/code&gt; is typically &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;CentralAuth:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;!-- not a typo --&gt; (for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|SUL wikis]]) or &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space:nowrap&quot;&gt;local:&lt;wiki id&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (for other wikis). This is to avoid conflicts between different user ID types, and to make OAuth 2 access tokens and the &lt;code&gt;sessionJwt&lt;/code&gt; cookie more similar. Old access tokens will still work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399199]
* MediaWiki's block messages ([[MediaWiki:Blockedtext|blockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Blockedtext-partial|blockedtext-partial]], [[MediaWiki:Autoblockedtext|autoblockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Systemblockedtext|systemblockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Blockedtext-tempuser|blockedtext-tempuser]], [[MediaWiki:Autoblockedtext-tempuser|autoblockedtext-tempuser]]) now support additional parameters indicating whether the user is blocked from editing their own user talk page &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;$9&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; or emailing other users &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;$&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;10&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285612]
* A &lt;code&gt;REL1_45&lt;/code&gt; branch for MediaWiki core and each of the extensions and skins in Wikimedia git has been created. This is the first step in the release process for MediaWiki 1.45.0, scheduled for late November 2025. If you are working on a critical bug fix or working on a new feature, you may need to take note of this change. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/ZUY7TY3Z6XPZWZVAZV63OPO5OW52Q6GE/]
* The process for generating CirrusSearch dumps has been updated due to slowing performance. If you encounter any issues migrating to the replacement dumps, please contact the Search Platform Team for support. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366248][https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/3KQPOR6ACVN6OVLMLZPIBXQSWQKW4E3K/]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.2|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/46|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W46&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:37, 10 نَوَمبَر 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-47&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W47&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/47|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] is experimenting with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4_Reading lists|reading lists on mobile web]], allowing logged-in readers with no edits to save private lists of articles for later. The experiment is running on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias since the week of 10 November, and will begin on English Wikipedia the week of 17 November.
* Users who can’t receive their email verification code during login can now get help by submitting a form on a new special page. This update is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] initiative. If your account has an email address, please make sure you still have access to it. When logging in from a new device or location without 2FA, you may be asked to enter a 6-digit code sent by email to finish logging in. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security#Why are you requiring me to enter a code from my email to log in? Can I opt out of this?|Learn more]].
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q13324|Minangkabau]] ([[s:min:|&lt;code&gt;s:min:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408317]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, the Content Transform Team rolled out Parsoid as the default parser to many low-traffic Wikipedias and is preparing the next step to high traffic ones. This message is an invitation for you to opt-in to Parsoid, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation, and identify any issues you might encounter with your own workflow using bots, gadgets, or user scripts. Please, let us know through the ''&quot;Report Visual Bug&quot;'' link in the Tools sidebar or create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]].
* Unsupported Tools: Several issues with [[:c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2Commons]] have been fixed, including filename-related upload failures, black-video imports, and retry handling. AV1 support has also been added. Ongoing work focuses on backend stability, ffmpeg errors, subtitle imports, metadata handling, and playlist uploads. To track specific tasks, check the [[phab:tag/video2commons/|Phabricator board]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.3|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* Save the date for the next Wikimedia Hackathon happening in Milan, Italy from May 1–3, 2026. Registration will open in January 2026. [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/Hackathon-2026/ Scholarship applications are currently open], and will close on November 28, 2025. If you have any questions, please email &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;hackathon@wikimedia.org&lt;/bdi&gt;.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/47|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W47&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:25, 17 نَوَمبَر 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29627455 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-48&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W48&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/48|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Last week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Search Platform|Wikimedia Search Team]] recreated the &quot;DWIM&quot; (Do What I Mean) gadget functionality server-side, for Russian and Hebrew Wikipedias. This feature adds cross-keyboard suggestions to the standard search-box suggestions. For example, searching for ''&lt;span lang=&quot;und&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;cxfcnmt&lt;/span&gt;'' on Russian Wikipedia will now add suggestions for ''&lt;span lang=&quot;ru&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;счастье&lt;/span&gt;'' (&quot;happiness&quot;) that the user probably intended. They plan to enable this feature for other Russian and Hebrew wikis this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408734]
* Later this week, users of the &quot;{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}&quot; [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will have syntax highlighting available in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]]. This requires that the &quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-sourcemodetoolbar}}&quot; preference be set. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T407918]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|Campaign events extension]] – the set of tools for coordinating events and other on-wiki collaborations has now been deployed to all Wikimedia wikis. A new feature known as [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|Collaborative contribution]] to help organizers and participants see the impact of activities has also been added. Join the upcoming [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Connection learning session 3|learning session]] to see the new feature in action and share your feedback.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug which stopped CodeReviewBot from working, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410417]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
*  Users of Wikimedia API can join a usability study to help validate the new design of Wikimedia REST API sandboxes. Interested participants should fill the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/487662 recruitment survey]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/IREJRRWTZTGCYWQHDMSNJFTQAEPOOAE3/]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is deprecating XSLT stylesheets within the Action API. Support for &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;format=xml'''&amp;xlst={stylesheet}'''&lt;/code&gt; will be removed from Wikimedia projects by the end of November, 2025. In addition, it will soon be disabled by default in MediaWiki release versions: v1.43 (LTS), v1.44, and v1.45. Support for XSLT stylesheets will be fully removed from MediaWiki v1.46 (expected to release between April and May 2026). [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/5AX7UWAVVUNUSBOIRHMNOKWOZ5EZI3JX/]
* The WDQS legacy endpoint ([https://query-legacy-full.wikidata.org/ query-legacy-full.wikidata.org]) will be decommissioned at the end of December 2025, and finally closed down on 7th January 2026. After this date, users should expect requests to query.wikidata.org that require the full graph to fail or return invalid results if they are not rewritten to use SPARQL federation. The team encourages users to ensure that tools and workflows use the supported WDQS endpoints (&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://query.wikidata.org/&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt; - Main graph or &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org/&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt; - Scholarly graph). For support with migrating use cases, please review the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Data_access|Data Access]] and [[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query|Request a Query]] pages for details and assistance on alternative access methods.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.4|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/48|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W48&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 15:55, 24 نَوَمبَر 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-49&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W49&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/49|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Wikipedia Year in Review 2025 will be available on December 2 for users of iOS and Android Wikipedia apps, featuring new personalized insights, updated reading highlights, and refreshed designs. Learn more on the review's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Wikipedia Year in Review/Updates|project page]].
* The Growth team is working on improving the text and presentation of the Verification Email sent to new users to make them more welcoming, useful and informative. Some new text have been drafted for A/B testing and you can help by translating them. See [[phab:T396155|Phabricator]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]] will now be deployed at Japanese, Urdu and Chinese Wikipedias on December 2. Add a link is based on a prediction model that suggests links to be added to articles. While this feature has already been available on most Wikipedias, the prediction model could not support certain languages. A new model has now been developed to handle these languages, and it will be gradually rolled out to other Wikipedias over time. If you would like to know more, please contact [[mw:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:34}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:34|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where search boxes on some Commons pages showed no results due to switch from SpecialSearch to MediaSearch, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399476]
* Two new wikis have been created:
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q36846|Toki Pona]] ([[w:tok:|&lt;code&gt;w:tok:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404457]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote}} in [[d:Q33655|Nigerian Pidgin]] ([[q:pcm:|&lt;code&gt;q:pcm:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408318]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.5|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation is in the early stages of exploring approaches to '''Article guidance'''. The initiative aims to identify interventions that could help new editors easily understand and apply existing Wikipedia practices and policies when creating an article. The project is in the exploration and early experimental design phase. All community members are encouraged to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|learn more]] about the project, and share their thoughts on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Article guidance|the talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/49|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W49&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:57, 1 ڈیٚسَمبَر 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-50&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W50&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/50|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Anybody who wishes to secure their user account can now use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). This is available to all registered users of all Wikimedia projects. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] initiative. Later, 2FA will be required for all users who can take security- or privacy-sensitive actions.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Following last week's deployments, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]] feature, which allows editors to add suggested links during editing, will be available to an additional [[Phab:T410469|33 Wikipedias]] starting on 9 December. This expansion is possible thanks to the new prediction model that now supports all languages, including those that were previously not covered. While the feature has been available on most Wikipedias for some time, this rollout brings us closer to using the improved model everywhere. If you have any questions or would like more details please contact [[mw:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]].
* Last week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Search Platform|Search Platform team]] added [[w:en:Transliteration|transliterated]] as-you-type search suggestions to Georgian wikis. If there are only a few regular search suggestions, then queries in Latin or Cyrillic script [[phab:T127003|are now rewritten into Georgian script]] to look for more matches. For example, searching for either &lt;bdi lang=&quot;ka-Latn&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;''bedniereba''&lt;/bdi&gt; or &lt;bdi lang=&quot;ka-Cyrl&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;''бедниереба''&lt;/bdi&gt; will now suggest the existing article about &lt;bdi lang=&quot;ka&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;ბედნიერება&lt;/bdi&gt; (&quot;happiness&quot;). You can recommend other languages where transliterated suggestions would be useful [[phab:T375215|on Phabricator]] for future development.
* Later this week, a controlled experiment will begin for editors on the 100 largest Wikipedias who are editing a section in the mobile web visual editor. 50% of these editors will notice a new &quot;Edit full page&quot; button that will enable them to expand their editing session to the whole page. This feature is intended to make it easier for people on mobile web to edit any article section, regardless of which section-edit icon they tapped to begin. The experiment will last ~4 weeks. You can find [[phab:T409112|more details]] about the project.
* Later this week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth|Reader Growth team]] will launch a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.1.14 Expanded Mobile Sections|mobile web experiment]] to expand all article sections by default (currently they are collapsed by default) and pin the section header the user is currently reading to the top of the page. The experiment will affect 10% of users on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409485]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Wikipedia Year in Review/2025 Year in Review|Wikipedia Year in Review 2025]], a feature in the Wikipedia mobile apps (iOS and Android) that provides users with a personalised summary of their engagement with Wikipedia over the year, is now available on the iOS and Android apps. This edition includes expanded personalised insights, improved reading highlights, new donor messaging, and updated designs. Open the app to view your Year in Review and explore your reading journey from 2025.
* A recent software bug caused edits made with VisualEditor to make unintended changes to wikitext, including removing whitespace and replacing spaces with underscores in wikilinks inside citations. This was partially fixed last week, and further fixes are in progress. Editors who used VisualEditor between November 28 and December 2 should review their edits for unexpected modifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411238]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the incorrect handling of URLs copied from the address bar of Microsoft Edge users, has been resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341281]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Starting this week, users of the &quot;{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}&quot; [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] as the editor for Lua, JavaScript, CSS, JSON and Vue content models, instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]]. With this, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|linters]] will be upgraded. This is part of a larger effort to eventually replace CodeEditor and provide a consistent code editing experience. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373711]
* Developers are encouraged to take the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/552643 2025 Developer Satisfaction Survey], which remains open until 5 January 2026. If you build software for the Wikimedia ecosystem and would like to share your experiences or feedback, your participation is greatly appreciated. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/W4WBKO6Q55UWWCCSFWQATKEXBEHP3QNR/]
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/50|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W50&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:44, 8 ڈیٚسَمبَر 2025 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-51&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W51&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/51|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:18}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:18|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, one of the fixes addressed an issue for temporary accounts adding an external URL, which triggered an hCaptcha request in more cases than intended, and did not display the required popup on the first attempt to publish the edit. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411927]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* To improve database and site performance, external links to Wikimedia projects will no longer be stored in the database. This means they will not be searchable in [[{{#special:LinkSearch}}]], will not be checked by the Spam Blacklist or AbuseFilter as new links, and will not be in the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;externallinks&lt;/code&gt; table on database replicas. In the future this may be extended to other highly-linked trusted websites on a per-wiki basis, such as Creative Commons links on Wikimedia Commons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405005]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.7|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/51|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W51&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:02, 15 ڈیٚسَمبَر 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29796010 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2025-52&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W52&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/52|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* From January, edit filters [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Access flags|can be set]] to automatically suppress their details such as rules and list of attempted edits and actions. This will help oversighters use edit filters to prevent doxxing or other suppressible material. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T290324]
* The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 12 January 2026 because of the end of year holidays. Thank you to all of the translators, and people who submitted content or feedback, this year.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:16}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:16|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the crash that occurred when tapping &quot;First Steps&quot; in the Wikipedia Android Year in Review has now been fixed, and the feature opens as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411546]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Interface elements such as diffs and categories generated by MediaWiki used to have the attribute &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&lt;/code&gt; to distinguish from wiki content. The attribute has been replaced with &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;data-mw-interface=&quot;&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, to avoid potential conflicts with other &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;data-mw&lt;/code&gt; attributes, which are generated by Parsoid. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409187]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] There is no new MediaWiki version this week or next week.
'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications just opened mid-December and will close in mid-January or earlier if capacity is reached. With space for approximately 100 participants, early application is encouraged.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/52|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W52&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:44, 22 ڈیٚسَمبَر 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29831856 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-03&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596]
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support &quot;map&quot; as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:32, 12 جَنؤری 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29907192 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-04&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] 
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/&lt;/code&gt;) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]].
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]!
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:29, 19 جَنؤری 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-05&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February.
* All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project.
* Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the &quot;prevent this user from editing their own talk page&quot; is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new AbuseFilter variable, &lt;code&gt;account_type&lt;/code&gt;, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the &lt;code&gt;createaccount&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;autocreateaccount&lt;/code&gt; actions. As part of this change, the variable &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; has been renamed to &lt;code&gt;account_name&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049]
* Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;upload.wikimedia.org/…&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:17, 26 جَنؤری 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-06&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The &quot;{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}&quot; feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:43, 2 فرؤری 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-07&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors.
* A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] 
* When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458]
* The automatic &quot;magic links&quot; for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#isbn}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604]
* Two new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|&lt;code&gt;w:kaj:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|&lt;code&gt;w:ppl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:29, 9 فرؤری 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-08&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval]
* The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias.
* Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#siteNotice { display: none; }&lt;/code&gt; to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the &quot;view new changes since…&quot; button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:16, 16 فرؤری 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-09&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html]
'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764]
* Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new &quot;Edit full page&quot; button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered &quot;beta&quot; on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:skin-theme-description&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag&lt;/code&gt; to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta.
* The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild&lt;/code&gt;, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:03, 23 فرؤری 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30119102 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-10&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&amp;filter=&amp;optional=1&amp;action=translate help to localize] this and related features.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912]
* Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807]
* Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;uselang=&lt;/code&gt; URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111]
* The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily.
* For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust &amp; Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696]
* The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views.
* The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users.
* [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:51, 2 مارٕچ 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30137798 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-11&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.
* Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]).

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118]
* Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 9 مارٕچ 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30213008 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-12&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055]
* On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016]
* Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]].
* Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874]
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.lib&lt;/code&gt; modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.switch&lt;/code&gt; hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:35, 16 مارٕچ 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30260505 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-13&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|&quot;Log in with passkey&quot; button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647]
* The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823]
* Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&amp;oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127]

* The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:50, 23 مارٕچ 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-14&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Beta version of [[abstract:|Abstract Wikipedia]] a new Wikimedia project which is language-independent, was launched last week. The project allows communities to build Wikipedia articles in their native language, which can be readily accessed by other users in their own languages. The wiki is powered by instructions from Wikifunctions and also based on structured content from Wikidata. [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|Read more]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Growth team is running an A/B test to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. Currently when logged-out mobile users begin editing, they see a jarring warning message that can feel abrupt and discouraging. This also presents temporary account editing as the default rather than encouraging account creation. The test is running on ten Wikipedias, including Arabic, French, Spanish and German. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|Read more]].
* The Wikimedia Apps team is inviting feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The discussion focuses on improving how users access editing tools when they tap &quot;Edit&quot;. This is part of a broader effort to convert readers who develop an interest in editing, to access a more user-friendly pathway to start contributing.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:45}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:45|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where citation fetching from the large newspaper archive [https://www.newspapers.com Newspapers.com] was no longer working, due to a block in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|Citoid]] requests, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419903]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.22|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:25, 30 مارٕچ 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-15&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W15&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''

* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] now includes a new group goal-setting feature, enabling organizers to set and track event goals such as the number of articles created and participating contributors in real time. Similarly, participants can work toward shared targets and see their collective impact as the event unfolds. The feature is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Learn more in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Collaborative contributions#Goal setting|the documentation]].
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|watchlist labels]] feature (announced in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Tech News 2026-07]]) is now available via VisualEditor, the source editor, and the 'watchstar' (or watch link, for skins that don't have a star icon). Previously it was only possible to assign labels via [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]]. In all three places it is a new field following the expiry field.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where talk pages on mobile with Parsoid are unusable after empty section headers, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419171]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]], which lets editors add details to an existing reference without duplicating it, will be gradually rolled out to [[phab:T414094|more wikis]] later this year. Wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] gadget are encouraged to update their version (typically at [[m:MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js|MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js]] as shown [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=1344408362 here]) to ensure compatibility. Other reference-related gadgets may also be affected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416304]
* All Wikinews editions will be closed and switched to read-only mode on 4 May 2026. Content will remain accessible, but no new edits or articles can be added. This closure was approved by the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation following extended discussions. [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|Read more]].
* The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Action API|Action API]] has had several formats for requested output. One of them, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;format=php&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, is being removed soon. Please ensure your scripts or bots use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Data formats#Output|JSON format]]. This removal should affect very few scripts and bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T118538]
* The [[Special:NamespaceInfo|Special:NamespaceInfo]] page now includes namespace aliases. For example &quot;WP&quot; for the &quot;Project&quot; (&quot;Wikipedia&quot;) namespace on the German Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381455]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.23|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W15&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:18, 6 اپریٖل 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-16&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W16&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Experienced editors are invited to [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Main_Page test] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature, designed to help less-experienced editors create well-structured, policy-compliant Wikipedia articles. Testing instructions are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide|available]]. Also, after reviewing [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance the outlines], please provide feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Article guidance|project talk page]]. Based on your input, the feature will be refined and transferred to the pilot Wikipedias to translate and adapt. Check out [[c:File:Article Guidance workflow demo - April 2026.webm|the video]] explaining the feature.
'''Updates for editors'''
* On most wikis, all autoconfirmed users can now use [[Special:ChangeContentModel|Special:ChangeContentModel]] page to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|create new pages with custom content models]], such as mass message lists, making custom page formats more accessible. Check [[Special:ListGroupRights|Special:ListGroupRights]] for the status of your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248294]
* The Growth team has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account_Creation_Experiments|account creation experiment]] to evaluate whether adding an account creation button to the mobile web header increases new account registrations and encourages more mobile users to contribute to the wikis. The experiment is currently live on Hindi, Indonesian, Bengali, Thai, and Hebrew Wikipedia, and targets 10% of logged-out mobile web users.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where VisualEditor could get stuck loading on Windows devices with animations turned off, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382856]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Starting later this week, {{int:group-abusefilter}} who have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature enabled will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] as the editor at [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]]. This is part of the broader effort to make the user experience more consistent across all editors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399673][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332]
* Tools and bots that access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications/API|Notifications API]] (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;action=query&amp;meta=notifications&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;) will need to update their OAuth or BotPassword grants to also include access to private notifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421991]
* Due to a library upgrade, listings on category pages may be displayed out of order starting on Monday, 20th April. A migration script will be run to correct this, and will take hours to days depending on the size of the wiki (up to a week for English Wikipedia). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T422544]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.24|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W16&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 15:18, 13 اپریٖل 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-17&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W17&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* After two years of development, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]], also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], is to be promoted out of beta on Tuesday, April 21. It brings better code and wikitext readability, reduction in typing errors, and other [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|benefits]] to all users of the standard syntax highlighter. A huge thank you to volunteer [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/p/Bhsd/ Bhsd] who developed many of the new features, including [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Code folding|code folding]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Autocompletion|autocompletion]], and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|linting]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* A major update to the Wikipedia app for iOS is now rolling out, redesigning the interface to align with Apple's latest &quot;Liquid Glass&quot; visual design. [https://apps.apple.com/us/app/wikipedia/id324715238 Download the latest version] and explore the update.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|Reading lists]] is a feature which allows readers to save articles to a list for reading later. This feature is now in beta on Arabic, French, Indonesian, Vietnamese, and Chinese Wikipedias and by default for all new accounts on all Wikipedias.
* An experiment which explores extending [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews|Page Previews to mobile web]] will be launched in the week of April 20 on Arabic, English, French, Italian, Polish, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. Page Previews are pop-ups that display a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and a link to open the full article of a blue link, thereby improving content discovery. The feature is already available on desktop and in the apps. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/List of experiments in Product and Technology#Template|Read more about this experiment and others]].
* On several wikis, logged-in editors who haven't [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email confirmation|confirmed their email addresses]] can now see a banner encouraging them to do so. Having the email address confirmed allows a user to restore access to the account if they lose it. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security#Encouraging users to confirm their email addresses|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421366]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:15}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:15|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where editing very large wiki pages in the 2017 wikitext editor caused slow loading, preview and scrolling lag, and performance issues when selecting, cutting, or pasting content, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184857]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As part of the promotion of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] from a beta feature, all users will use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332]
* The &lt;code&gt;mirrors.wikimedia.org&lt;/code&gt; service for Debian and Ubuntu users will sunset and stop working on May 15. The resources for the service will be replaced with new and better options. Some users may need to switch to a different server which should take about a minute. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LJYRIS4WB66HIRCAO4GIDTXCMDVZRBMA/ You can read more]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416707]
* The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;image&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;oldimage&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; table will be removed from [[wikitech:Help:Wiki Replicas|wikireplicas]]. If your tools or queries access &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;image&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; or &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;oldimage&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; directly, please update them to use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;file&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;filerevision&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; table before 28 May. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T28741]
* Following the recent implementation of global API rate limits on unidentified traffic, the Wikimedia Foundation will continue efforts to ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]] by applying global limits to identified API traffic beginning the last week of April. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]].
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Attribution API|Attribution API]] is now available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Stability policy|beta]]. The API fetches information for crediting Wikimedia articles and media files wherever they are used. Reference documentation is available through the REST Sandbox special page available on all Wikimedia wikis (such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?api=attribution.v0-beta&amp;title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST sandbox on English Wikipedia]). Share your feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Attribution API|project talk page]].
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W17&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 14:59, 20 اپریٖل 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30432763 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-18&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W18&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* There is a change in how new users are autoconfirmed that will improve anti-vandalism protection. Currently, users who have had an account for a few days and made a few edits are automatically added to the [[{{int:grouppage-autoconfirmed/{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}}|{{int:group-autoconfirmed}}]] group. This configuration tends to be exploited by some vandals, who create accounts and start to use them only after some time. To mitigate this, the configuration will be updated next week so that – for the purpose of becoming autoconfirmed – the account age will be counted from their first edit, instead of registration date. The numeric value of the age threshold will remain the same. This change will be deployed only to wikis which require at least one edit as part of the autoconfirmation conditions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418484]
* All Wikipedia users with new accounts and those who activated the &quot;automatically enable most beta features&quot; option in their preference can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|reading lists]] beta feature to save articles for later reading. This helps organize reading interests in one place for convenient access. 
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where infobox images have huge padding in Firefox, has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423676]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As a reminder, the global API rate limits will be applied this week to identified API traffic. This is to help ensure [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]]. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, including the actual rate limits, see [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.26|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W18&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:05, 27 اپریٖل 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-19&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W19&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] team invites experienced editors of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators|pilot Wikipedias]]—Arabic, Bangla, Japanese, Portuguese, Persian, Turkish, Simple English, Spanish, and French—to help translate and adapt [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance sample outlines]. These outlines will guide editors in creating clear, well-structured, and policy-compliant articles when using [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Special:NewArticle the feature] once it is launched in May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance#Adapting a sample outline in a Wikipedia|Simple instructions]] on how to translate and adapt the outlines are available.
'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] has published [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|draft recommendations]] on a model that affiliates can follow when contributing to the technical space. Community members are invited to provide feedback on the recommendation until May 8th [[:m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|on the talk page]].
* The number of available thumbnail size preferences in MediaWiki is being reduced to three standardized options—Small (180px), Regular (250px), and Large (400px), as part of ongoing efforts to improve performance and reduce strain on thumbnail services. As a result, existing preferences will be mapped to the nearest new size (for example, smaller selections like 120px or 150px will render at 180px, while larger ones like 300px or 360px will render at 400px). The preferences interface will soon be updated to reflect these changes, and users who wish to opt out or provide feedback can do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424909]
* From now on, even when a permission expires automatically, users will receive an Echo notification similar to the standard notification for permission changes. There is a difference between this and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]] in that the latter reminds users a week ''before'' the rights are due to expire, so that they can renew the rights.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the problem where the ULS language selector in [[m:Special:Translate|Special:Translate]] would scroll vertically when it shouldn't, has been resolved. Previously, when users opened the &quot;Translate to English&quot; dropdown and typed certain inputs, the dialog would scroll vertically by a few pixels even when there was enough space to display all results. The dropdown no longer shifts unnecessarily when filtering languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358864] 
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]], which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page, continues to improve. For example, watchlists for Wikibase sites such as [[:d:|Wikidata]] now support [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:EntitySchema|EntitySchema]] elements for better tracking. The Live Updates mode now refreshes the special page every 60 seconds to comply with the updated [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] for improved real-time responsiveness. Additionally, a directionality bug that displayed links as &quot;changes 3&quot; instead of &quot;3 changes&quot; in mixed-direction lists has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415450][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424422][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418091]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The second phase of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] has been rolled out to reduce the [[diffblog:2026/03/26/quo-vadis-crawlers-progress-and-whats-next-on-safeguarding-our-infrastructure/|impact of AI crawlers]] and ensure fair, sustainable access to Wikimedia resources, prioritising human and mission-aligned traffic. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits#Limits|Limits]] have been shifted from per-hour to per-minute, producing smoother traffic patterns and more predictable API load. Community users are not expected to be affected, and no action is required. Early indications show some User-Agent-based requestors are adjusting behaviour, and around 64% of automated API traffic has been identified. Monitoring continues, and Wikimedia Enterprise remains available for commercial support.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.27|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W19&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:42, 4 مٔی 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-20&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W20&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/20|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Community Tech has published [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/How to write a good wish|new guidance]] explaining how wishes on Community Wishlist are triaged and prioritized. The documentation is intended to help contributors write stronger proposals by clarifying the factors that influence prioritization decisions. Beyond vote counts, the guidance highlights considerations such as potential impact on the community when determining which wishes move forward.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Reader Growth team is launching an experiment to test a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Share_Card|Share Card feature]] that allows readers to create visually engaging cards from Wikipedia articles or selected article sections and share them online, with each card linking back to the original article to help expand readership and article discovery. The mobile-only A/B test will be available to a portion of readers on Arabic, Chinese, French, Vietnamese, and English Wikipedia to better understand reading and sharing habits, and is scheduled to begin the week of May 18 and run for four weeks.
* The Android and iOS Wikipedia apps recently released the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|25-day reading challenge]] into Beta, as part of efforts to drive reader engagement by encouraging users to complete reading milestones. To track their reading streak during the challenge, App users can add a widget featuring Baby Globe to their home screen. The challenge officially begins May 11.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:17}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:17|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the global preference for enabling syntax highlighting in wikitext could unexpectedly disable itself after being turned on, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T425286]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The ResourceLoader module &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;mediawiki.ui.input&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, deprecated since [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|September 2023]], will be removed this week. There is a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Migrating_from_MediaWiki_UI|guide for migrating from MediaWiki UI to Codex]] for any tools that use it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T420125]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.2|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/20|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W20&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:20, 11 مٔی 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-21&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W21&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/21|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Abstract Wikipedia team has identified five potential pilot wikis to assess their interest in adopting abstract articles on their wikis. The pilots are Malayalam, Bengali, Dagbani, Arabic, and Indonesian Wikipedia. The feedback period will be open until May 22. If your community is interested in becoming a pilot, [[m:Talk:Abstract Wikipedia|let us know on Meta]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* An experiment to show [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists]] to logged-out readers on mobile web will launch on May 18 across German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Dutch, Turkish, and Urdu Wikipedias, and will run for one month. The effort supports broader goals of helping readers save and organize articles for later reading, while encouraging habits that could lead to future Wikipedia contributions.
* To support a bookmark button in the Reading List beta feature, the &quot;Tools &gt; Action&quot; menu has been updated to display icons, including the watch star indicator that helps editors identify temporarily watched articles. The icons now also match those used on mobile, improving consistency across platforms. The change is currently limited to the actions menu and mainly affects editors with privileged user rights. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T426008]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] was released as an [[w:en:A/B test|A/B test]] for newcomer editors on the mobile website at [[phab:T421189|~15 Wikipedias]]. The experiment will measure the impact that Suggestion Mode has on the proportion of newcomer mobile web edit sessions that result in constructive (un-reverted) article edits. The experiment will also evaluate the feature's impact on editor retention, and monitor changes in revert and block rates.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue in the Wikipedia Android app where images could sometimes fail to load after opening a recommended reading list notification, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418231]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|Wikidata Platform team]] has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/Backend Replacement|backend replacement recommendation]] and accompanying [[wikitech:Wikidata Query Service/WDQS Architecture re-design|technical architecture]] for the migration of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) away from Blazegraph. Feedback is invited until May 25th 2026, especially on potential gaps and impacts on advanced use cases. Wikidata community members and WDQS users are also encouraged to help identify high-impact tools and workflows that may need attention on [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/High-Impact Use Cases|this page]]. Feedback can be shared on the [[d:Wikidata talk:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update|Migration talk page]] or during the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Blazegraph Migration Office Hours|next office hour]]. See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|WDP team newsletter]] for more details.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.3|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''

* On English, French, Japanese, and a few other Wikipedias, there was a [[diffblog:2025/09/02/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha/|trial of hCaptcha]], a third-party bot detection service. The trial showed that hCaptcha effectively detects and deters some bad-faith automated activity, on its own and by giving [[w:en:Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 225#Introducing SuggestedInvestigations|checkusers and stewards]] signals to look into. Because the results were positive, hCaptcha will be rolled out across all wikis over the next few weeks. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/hCaptcha|See the hCaptcha project page]] for technical information about the implementation and privacy protections. [[diffblog:2026/05/04/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha-part-2/|Learn more]].
* The latest Community Tech update is now available, with progress across several Community Wishlist initiatives, including Reading Lists expansion from the mobile app to the website, new language support for &quot;Who Wrote That&quot; and the Personal Dashboard, improvements to 3D rendering and Charts, and upcoming work on talk page sorting, audio playback, and editing workflows. The update also shares current priorities, wishlist status trends, and opportunities for community feedback on future focus areas and the Wikimedia Foundation’s 2026–2027 Annual Plan. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#May 13, 2026: Latest updates from the Community Tech team|Read the full newsletter for details]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/21|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W21&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:21, 18 مٔی 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30539262 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-22&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W22&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/22|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Following a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#LOWM|successful account creation experiment]], an improved logged-out edit warning message will be deployed to all Wikimedia wikis in the first week of June. The change will only affect logged-out users on mobile web who open an editing session. The updated experience is designed to encourage account creation more clearly, while still allowing users to edit with temporary accounts. Results from the experiment showed a significant increase in account creation, with a 27% relative lift among users shown the updated message. As expected, as more people funnel into account creation, temporary accounts decreased by a relative 16%. The experiment did not show any significant changes in constructive edit rates or other monitored contributor metrics. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424595] 

'''Updates for editors'''
* For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Members of these groups will be unable to disable the last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the next few weeks, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. Notably, this applies to bureaucrats. See the linked tasks for deployment schedules. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423119][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423120]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] will run an [[w:en:A/B testing|A/B test]] on [[:phab:T415904|10 wikis]], testing [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/Reference Previews|potential improvements for Reference Previews]]. The experiment will run for ~2 weeks at the end of May / beginning of June and will affect 10% of desktop readers on the participating wikis.
* After two successful experiments, the Reader Growth team is rolling out an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|Image Browsing]] beta feature for all Wikipedias on mobile on May 25. This means that anyone who has all beta features on by default will start to see this feature, and others can check the box to turn it on in their preferences. The beta feature will include a carousel of all an article's images at the top of the article, with controls for editors to [[mw:Readers/Reader_Growth/Image_Browsing#Phase_2.1_beta_feature|exclude images from the article's carousel or to exclude an article from the feature entirely]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, three dimensional STL files were being rendered incorrectly by the media viewer 3D extension which is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416723]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The legacy CSS classes &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;tleft&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;tright&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; have been replaced with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;floatleft&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;floatright&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; as the former do not work consistently across all MediaWiki platforms, notably mobile web and mobile apps. Projects relying on these classes are encouraged to review related usage and plan for migration. Please note that &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;floatleft&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;floatright&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; may also be deprecated in future, although there are currently no plans to do so. [[phab:T426452|Read more]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.4|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/22|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W22&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:51, 25 مٔی 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30584502 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-23&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W23&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/23|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] is conducting an experiment to show the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|reading lists]] feature, which is still in development, to logged-out mobile readers to test whether it encourages account creation at a higher rate compared to the watchstar button. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists#Experiment timeline|experiment]] was launched on May 18th on German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Dutch, Turkish, and Urdu wikis, and it will run for a month.
* The Wikimedia Apps team released [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh/Phase 1|Phase 1]] of the redesigned Home Feed to the Android Beta app. The new Home Feed includes a refreshed &quot;Community&quot; tab and a personalized &quot;For You&quot; tab featuring daily updated reading recommendations. The redesign is part of a broader effort to improve content discovery and create more engaging learning experiences in the Wikipedia apps.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:18}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:18|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where images could fail to load for some suggested edits on [[w:Special:Homepage|Special:Homepage]], leaving the thumbnail stuck in a loading state, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424048]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.5|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/23|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W23&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:08, 1 جوٗن 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30613639 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-24&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W24&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/24|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikimedia Enterprise has increased the free usage limits for its API offerings. The monthly request limit for the On-demand API has increased from 5,000 to 50,000 requests, while the Snapshot API limit has increased from 15 to 30 requests per month. In addition, Structured Contents snapshots are now available for free accounts. These changes expand access to Wikimedia Enterprise data for developers, researchers, and organizations using Wikimedia content. [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/enhanced-free-api]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh/Phase 1|refreshed Explore Feed]], now called the Home Feed, is rolling out to 50% of users of the Wikipedia Android app. The Home Feed helps readers discover relevant content through two new tabs: ''Community'' and ''For You''. The Community tab provides a scrollable feed of curated content and updates from the broader Wikimedia community and movement, while the ''For You'' tab offers a full-screen, swipeable experience that shows content tailored to a user's interests. The redesign is part of a broader effort to improve discovery and enhance the learning experience in the Wikipedia app.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/&quot;Which came first?&quot; Game|Which came first?]] daily trivia game is now available in the beta version of the Wikipedia iOS app in English, German, French, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, and Turkish. The game uses historical events from Wikipedia's &quot;On This Day&quot; content and challenges readers to guess which of two events happened first. The game was previously released on Android. Communities interested in making the game available in their languages can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Games#Game availability by language|read the instructions and requirements]].
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new MediaWiki feature that allows editors to reuse references with different details, will begin rolling out to Wikimedia wikis following a successful pilot phase. Deployment will start on 8 June for most [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Wednesday|Group 1 wikis]] and French Wikipedia, with additional Wikipedia language editions receiving the feature over the coming months. Communities are encouraged to prepare by checking for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-cite&amp;language=en&amp;action_source=search&amp;filter=%21translated&amp;optional=1&amp;action=translate untranslated Cite extension messages] in their language and reviewing any use of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]], which may require [[:phab:T416304#11668731|updates]] to support the new functionality. Wikis using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] do not need to take any action. Communities may also wish to create the ''cite-tracking-category-ref-details'' [[Special:TrackingCategories|tracking category]] as a hidden category using &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__HIDDENCAT__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (or a dedicated template), and connect it to the corresponding Wikidata item [[d:Q129764848]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T425662]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews#Experimentation|Page Previews experiment]] on mobile web has concluded. The team decided not to roll out the feature after the results showed no statistically significant impact on reader retention, as the primary success metric was retention improvement. Page Previews, which are already available on desktop and in the apps, display a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and link to the full article when readers tap a blue link. The experiment tested this experience on mobile web across six Wikipedias.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Design/Icons|user interface icon library]] will be [[phab:T399175|updated later this week or next week]]. Most of the ~300 icons have been slightly refined and ~30 new icons have been added. These changes improve the icons to make them more consistent and comprehensible, and provide more visual balance when they are used in groups.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] (ULS) interface in MediaWiki, which helps users select content in other languages, has been updated. The new version improves speed and accessibility, and users of Wikimedia projects can now pin languages for quicker language switching. The deployment to Wikimedia sites will happen gradually in the coming weeks. You can test it now as a beta feature by selecting [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta features]] in your profile preferences and share your feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Language Selector/New ULS|the project page]]. 
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the Pageviews Analysis dashboard on pageviews.wmcloud.org stopped updating graph data in May 2026, affecting all users, has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427171]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The function signature for &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;mw.util.addPortletLink()&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; has been simplified. Developers can now pass a configuration object instead of a list of positional parameters when creating portlet links. The previous function signature remains supported for backwards compatibility. For example, instead of: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', '#', 'Stub', 'ca-stubtag', 'Add a stub tag to this page');&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; use &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', { href: '#', text: 'Stub', id: 'ca-stubtag', tooltip: 'Add a stub tag to this page' });&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. Script maintainers are encouraged to review existing uses of &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;addPortletLink()&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and update them where appropriate. This change will be available on all wikis from 11 June. Thanks to community volunteer Gerges for contributing this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427945]
* '''Community Wishlist discussion''': Product &amp; Technology [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#May 20, 2026: Community Tech becomes a program|introduced changes]] meant to increase the number and complexity of wishes fulfilled, including the disbanding of the Community Tech team. They are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|engaging in discussions]] about a [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist#Proposed direction for Wishlist|proposed direction for the wishlist]] from community members. Includes ways to structure annual voting, better tracking of wishes, removing focus areas, and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|staffing updates]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.6|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/24|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W24&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:29, 8 جوٗن 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30650573 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-25&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W25&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth|Reader Growth team]] has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|Image Browsing]] beta feature on the mobile web version of all Wikipedias. The feature shows an image carousel at the top of articles with 3 or more images. Editors can configure this feature with the following controls: to hide a specific image from a page, either use &lt;code&gt;class=notpageimage&lt;/code&gt; excluding it from thumbnail previews, or &lt;code&gt;class=noviewer&lt;/code&gt; excluding it from MediaViewer. The carousel can also be disabled from a page entirely, with the magic word &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__NOMEDIAVIEWERCAROUSEL__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. To submit feedback or flag bugs, please visit the [[mw:Talk:Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|project page]]. 
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tables#class=&quot;wikitable&quot;|Wikitables]] can now be [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Sortable tables#Forcing the initial sort direction|sorted in descending order]] on the first click by adding &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;data-sort-order=&quot;desc&quot;&lt;/code&gt; to the header cell. Previously, by default, clicking a column header for the first time sorts it in ascending order. This addition to a Wikitable gives it more control and flexibility, while the default behavior for subsequent clicks remains unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398416]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature is currently being tested with some editors creating new articles on the Simple English, French, and Turkish Wikipedias. The experiment will soon begin on the Arabic and Bangla Wikipedias as well. [[w:simple:Special:NewArticle|This feature]] gives editors community-curated guidance to help them create articles that follow community standards. Experienced editors can continue creating or adapting outlines for specific article types that are commonly created by less experienced contributors. The outlines guide less experienced editors in creating high-quality articles. A quick guide to markups used in outlines can be found on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide#Markups in outlines|this page]]. [[w:simple:Wikipedia:Article Guidance|Example outlines]] that can be adapted and instructions for how to adapt them are on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance#Adapting a sample outline in a Wikipedia|this section]] of the project page.
* Wikis that wish to replace the &quot;indefinitely&quot; button in Special:Block for temporary accounts (for example, wikis that block temporary users only until account expiration) will be able to do so by creating [[MediaWiki:ipb-indefinite-expiry-temporary-account]] with the block duration they want. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427125]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:41}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:41|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* By the end of June, a valid user-agent string will be required for automated dumps downloads from the dumps.wikimedia.org website. Automated requests that provide a generic or empty user-agent will be blocked. This [[phab:T400119|extends enforcement]] of the long standing [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|user-agent policy]]. Access to dumps through Wikimedia Cloud Services will not change.
* The roll out of global [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|API rate limits]] is now complete, with limits enforced across all APIs and at the documented levels for all groups. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki remain exempt. All bots should continue to follow the documented best practices to avoid being rate limited.
* The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal wiki] will be read only starting this week (June 15-18). The following week (June 22-25), all API Portal wiki URLs will redirect to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|Wikimedia APIs on mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.7|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* On June 17th at 6pm UTC the WMF will be holding Discord call focused on a code review. We've heard through the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Developer Satisfaction Survey/2026|Developer Satisfaction Survey]] that volunteers are struggling with code review and we'd like to discuss these experiences with the goal of surfacing workable solutions. You can join the call [https://discord.gg/wikipedia?event=1514727511102062664 via the Wikimedia Community Discord server].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Conferencia Wikimedia de América Latina 2026|Latin American Wikimedia Conference]] will host a regional hackathon that will bring together the Wikimedia movement’s technical community including developers, system administrators, data scientists, and users with extended rights. Interested technical contributors can [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf4osJzTHBJjQbYJk7TMVEJjTEQv7IgtsUDfP-o-qTgeRQQxw/viewform apply for a scholarship] to participate until June 21 at midnight (Bolivia time, UTC-4).
* Sign up for Wikimania Team Challenges to join this special event. The Team challenges will take place online and in person from July 21 to 22, before Wikimania conference. Everyone is welcome, regardless of skills or Wikimania registration. Teams will work on 10 important challenges supporting the Wikimedia community. For details, visit [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2026:Team challenges|the Team Challenges page]] and [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/wm/teamchallenges/ register there]. Registration closes on June 20th at 11pm UTC. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W25&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:48, 15 جوٗن 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30689604 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-26&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W26&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/26|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth features]] are [[phab:T418115|now available at Wikidata]]. This update enables access to Mentorship ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|if configured]]), Impact module, the Help Panel, and a simplified Newcomer Homepage (without Suggested Edits). Wikidata administrators are still configuring the features through Community Configuration.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The special page [[{{#special:RangeCalculator}}]] has been created. It allows users to find an IP range without needing to rely on external tools. Until now, this tool was only available to CheckUsers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T268429]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]] is a new MediaWiki feature that allows editors to reuse references with different details. It will be deployed to most small and medium-sized Wikipedia language versions on June 23. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#deployment|FAQ]] lists possible actions to take on your wiki to support the deployment. Check the [[:phab:T414094|rollout plan]] for the next deployment steps. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428902]
* Starting next week, users will get a notification when they are blocked or unblocked from editing, or if this block changes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T100974]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Starting next week, abuse filters that are set to &quot;require CAPTCHA verification&quot; will begin to also affect users with the &lt;code&gt;skipcaptcha&lt;/code&gt; right, which includes most autoconfirmed users. Bots are exempted. This change only affects edits that trigger an abuse filter. The &lt;code&gt;skipcaptcha&lt;/code&gt; right will continue to exempt users from having to solve CAPTCHAs in the ordinary course of using the wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402595]
* Reference documentation for the [[wikitech:Machine_Learning/LiftWing/API|Lift Wing API]] has moved from the API Portal to the interactive [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?api=lift-wing&amp;title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST Sandbox].
* The API Portal wiki is now closed. For API documentation, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_APIs|Wikimedia APIs on mediawiki.org]]. All API Portal wiki URLs (https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/) will redirect to the mediawiki.org page starting June 22. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427537]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.8|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* Join an online call on 25 June at 2:30pm UTC to meet the current Wikimedia interns for [[mw:Google_Summer_of_Code/2026|Google Summer of Code]] and [[mw:Outreachy/Round_32|Outreachy]]. Interns will provide an overview of their projects and a brief demo of their work so far. Attendees are encouraged to [[mw:event:Google_Summer_of_Code/Summer_2026_June_Internship_open_session|share ideas and connections in their community]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/26|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W26&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 13:04, 23 جوٗن 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30722494 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-27&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W27&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/27|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|Account Creation Experiments]], the Growth team tested adding a user account icon in the mobile web header for logged-out users, providing direct access to &quot;Create account&quot; and &quot;Log in&quot; actions. The experiment increased account creation by about 20% without negatively affecting edit quality or constructive edit rates. The feature will now be rolled out to all Wikimedia Foundation wikis on mobile web in the first week of July. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428220]
* After a [[phab:T426248|successful experiment]], logged-in users who did not [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email_confirmation|confirm their email address]] when their account was created see a new banner asking them to complete that process. This helps reduce the risk that users get locked out of their account, and makes account email addresses overall more reliable. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428292]
* An update to [[Special:Search|Search]] is refining how the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;-prefix:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; behaves when used to exclude results. Previously, using &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;-prefix:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with negation could unintentionally broaden search results by adding the namespaces included in the search scope, leading to confusing behavior for users expecting a straightforward exclusion filter. With the update, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;-prefix:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will now strictly exclude matching page titles as intended and may display a warning if the relevant namespace has not been explicitly selected. The behavior of &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;prefix:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; without negation however remains unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427443]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where reviewers using the Page Curation toolbar were not automatically subscribed to talk page discussions they started has now been fixed. Reviewers will now receive notifications when someone replies to those discussions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329346]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Starting June 29th, automated downloads from the dumps.wikimedia.org website will be subject to the [[Foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|user-agent policy]]. Automated requests that provide a generic or empty user-agent will be blocked. Access to dumps through Wikimedia Cloud Services remains unaffected. This is a follow up to the announcement made in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|2026/25 issue of Tech News]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.9|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/27|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W27&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 11:47, 29 جوٗن 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30744833 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-28&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W28&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/28|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:34}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:34|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the search bar results on Wikidata, showed English results instead of using the correct language fallback for users of language variants, has now been fixed. Search suggestions will now follow the expected language fallback chain. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429769]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* In preparation for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Celebrate Women|Celebrate Women campaign]] planned for March 2027, the Wikimedia Foundation’s [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Advancement/Community Growth/Content Enablement|Content Enablement team]] has launched a 22-question survey to better understand technical contributions by women+ (anyone who identifies as a woman) across Wikimedia projects. The survey takes approximately 15–20 minutes to complete and will remain open until 20 July 2026. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Celebrate Women/Technical contributions survey|questions]] are also available on-wiki for review in advance.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Score|Score extension]] now supports rendering music scores as SVG images in addition to PNG, addressing a long-standing [[:phab:T49578|feature request]] and resolving historical image quality issues. Both formats are now provided to clients, with PNG in the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;src&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute and SVG in the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;srcset&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute.
* The new [[wikitech:Parsoid|Parsoid]] parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. It was enabled on French Wikipedia, bringing total progress to covering 78.9% of Wikipedia page views. Rollout to English Wikipedia desktop will progress through this week.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Wikimedia Hackathon 2026 [[diffblog:2026/06/29/wikimedia-hackathon-2026-building-collaborating-and-shaping-the-future-together/|recap blog post]] is now live. It highlights the projects, sessions, and social activities from this year’s event, and shares initial plans for the 2027 Wikimedia Hackathon.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/28|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W28&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 13:56, 6 جُلَے 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-29&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W29&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/29|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Revise_Tone|Revise Tone]] helps newcomers identify passages in Wikipedia articles that may contain non-encyclopedic language and encourages them to consider revising the tone. The feature was [[w:en:A/B_testing|A/B tested]] on the Arabic, English, French, and Portuguese Wikipedias, where newcomer task completion rates [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Revise_Tone#Experiment_Results|increased by 38.7%]] compared to the default Copyedit task, with no decrease in edit quality. The test ended on July 9, and the feature is now available for everyone on these wikis, configurable via Community Configuration. [[phab:T426364|The plan]] is to release Revise Tone to more wikis.
* The community configuration that allows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship#Automated mentor list cleanup|automatic removal of inactive mentors]] based on configurable criteria will be enabled on Thursday 16, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Deployment|on some wikis]] to keep mentor lists up to date. Mentors are experienced contributors who opt in to help new users on-wiki through the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth Features]]. Administrators can now prepare the settings via [[w:Special:CommunityConfiguration/Mentorship|Special:CommunityConfiguration/Mentorship]]; they will take effect starting Thursday.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:38}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:38|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where some users of the Wikipedia Android app were logged out immediately after signing in, preventing them from staying logged in and editing pages, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316916]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Editing a page via user scripts or gadgets was causing watchlist labels that the user had assigned to that page to reset. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423778]
* To work around a Safari bug (see [[phab:T425211]]), on Parsoid-enabled wikis, wikilink hrefs now use absolute urls instead of protocol-relative urls. REST API output remains unchanged and continue to use protocol-relative urls. Gadgets, user scripts, bots, and CSS might need to be adapted if they relied on the presence of protocol-relative urls in wikilink hrefs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T431358]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.11|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation’s Experiment Platform Team has published a blog post reflecting on its first year of structured experimentation. It highlights successful experiments such as Paste Check, Reference Check, and Tone Check, which improved editing outcomes and have been rolled out to more users, as well as experiments that did not lead to product changes. [[diffblog:2026/07/07/moving-the-needle-how-we-test-new-ideas-across-wikimedia-projects|Read more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/29|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W29&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:10, 13 جُلَے 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-30&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W30&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/30|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reader/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] has incorporated community feedback around the placement of watchstar and watchlist buttons for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|Reading Lists beta feature]], which would allow for saving articles for later reading – a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W102|wishlist item]] to bring the functionality to web. Editors are invited to enable the beta feature to test it out and [[phab:T426453|share their thoughts]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] offers edit suggestions within the VisualEditor for improving Wikipedia articles. [[Special:EditChecks|All suggestions]] are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators – local customization|community-configurable]]. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/TextMatch|TextMatch]] feature is a way for volunteers to create custom local suggestions. The feature searches in articles for strings of text, and now includes support for regular expressions. This gives volunteers greater precision and flexibility over the kinds of local suggestions they can create. Note: Suggestions [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Configuration#:~:text=maximumEditcount|can be targeted]] based on the edit count of the person editing as well as other aspects of the page. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#Create custom local types of Suggestions|find examples from other communities]] for inspiration, including TextMatches that detect: typos, grammar-errors, potential advertisements, clichés, incorrect dash or hyphen usage, non-specific time keywords, outdated names, and more. Any [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|feedback]] is appreciated.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the SVG Translate tool could use an outdated version of a file, causing existing translations to be overwritten when new ones were uploaded, has now [[phab:T430577|been fixed]]. Overall, in the last quarter from April – June 2026 about 337 community tasks were resolved by the Wikimedia Foundation.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* On Parsoid-enabled wikis, Parsoid now renders a maximum of 1,250 images per page. A new tracking category, &quot;media-limit-reached&quot;, will be soon made available to identify pages where this limit is reached, making it easier to find content whose media output may have been restricted during rendering. See [[phab:T430854]] for more information and to provide feedback.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.12|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/30|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W30&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 05:45, 21 جُلَے 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-31&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W31&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/31|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ContentTranslation|Content Translation]] now supports dark mode, fulfilling a [[m:Community Wishlist/W544|Community Wishlist request]]. This brings the tool in line with the accessibility features available in the Vector 2022 and Minerva skins, helping reduce visual fatigue for users translating content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367077]
* DiscussionTools' source mode and the 2017 wikitext editor will now offer autocomplete for links (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;), templates (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;), HTML and parser tags (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;), and magic words (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;), making it quicker and easier to insert links, templates, and other wiki markup while editing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T432400]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews|Readers Growth team]] has concluded its experiment with mobile page previews and will not roll out the feature. Page Previews are a pop-up bottom sheet that appears when readers tap a blue link, showing a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and an option to open the article. The experiment showed flat retention and negative indicator metrics, suggesting that mobile web readers preferred navigating directly to linked articles rather than using page previews.
* The Reader Experience team has seen encouraging early results from the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists feature]], with 93% of participating users reporting that it was useful. Reading Lists help active readers save articles for future reading and support their learning goals on Wikimedia projects. The team plans further improvements before expanding the feature to more users.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh|Explore Feed Refresh]] initiative was tested with new and casual Wikipedia app readers. The refreshed feed helps readers discover new and relevant content. After a 10.5% increase in engagement with the feed, Wikimedia Apps team has decided to scale the Home Feed redesign to iOS with the learnings from the Android release applied.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where subject names in the Article Guidance feature were displayed with incorrect capitalization on French Wikipedia, has now been fixed. Subject names will now follow the correct capitalization rules for the language. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427201]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* After running several [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|Account Creation Experiments]] to improve registration completion rates, a new version of the username field on [[Special:CreateAccount|Create Account]] has been rolled out. It includes [[:c:File:Create account - July 2026 updates.png|a popover summarizing the username policy]] to provide clearer guidance during account creation. As part of this change, the messages &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;createacct-helpusername&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;createacct-username-help&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; that several communities have configured will no longer be used. If communities want to customize the guidance shown in the new popover, they can instead edit the following messages: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;createacct-username-policy-popover-bullet1&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;createacct-username-policy-popover-bullet2&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;, and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;createacct-username-policy-popover-bullet3&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T430604]
* Later this week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror syntax highlighter]] will offer [[w:en:Theme (computing)|themes]]. The themes can be picked from a dropdown menu in the full [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#CodeMirror preferences|CodeMirror preferences]] dialog. For wikitext, available themes are default, colorblind-friendly (previously the colorblind preference option on [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing]]) and no-highlighting. For code languages (i.e., CSS/JavaScript/JSON/Vue/Lua), there are several themes available. These same themes will eventually be available for wikitext, too. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T163533]
* From now on, wikis can restrict editing in the &quot;User&quot; namespace to only the page owner and certain user groups. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:$wgRestrictUserPageEditing|Read the configuration documentation]] to learn more.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/31|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W31&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:48, 27 جُلَے 2026 (UTC)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Tech News: 2026-32&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W32&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/32|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] has developed a [https://82db7c8d4b.catalyst.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Regent%27s_Park&amp;uselang=de patch demo] that wraps the page toolbar onto two lines when there is not enough horizontal space for all the buttons. This aims to reduce crowding in the Vector 2022 toolbar, which can occur on some language Wikipedias at certain screen widths. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429518]
* The Reader Experience team is planning to launch [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists]], a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Mobile and apps/Have Apps reading lists available on Destop/Mobile|Community Wishlist item]], which is currently available to try in beta, as a full feature in September. Before then, volunteer translator help is needed for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-readinglists&amp;filter=&amp;action=translate string translations] into a number of languages. The feature supports reading and learning goals on Wikipedia.
* Next week, the table of contents on Wikimedia Commons file pages will be improved by consolidating the file page table of contents with the page table of contents. This will make it easier to understand a file page’s structure, navigate to specific sections, and share links to individual sections. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332644]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where some [[w:TIFF|TIFF]] images failed to load after clicking their thumbnail, causing a broken image to be displayed instead of the full-size image, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429326]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The variable and function selector in AbuseFilter has been updated to support search and autocomplete. It will allow filter maintainers to find the desired variable or function more quickly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T323698]
* The MJPEG and VP8 formats are removed from the video player. The MP4 format (MPEG-4 Part 2) is added instead, which provides higher quality videos to older iPhone devices. It may take a few weeks to retroactively update all existing videos. The default format for modern devices stays the same (VP9/WebM). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358266]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/32|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W32&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:45, 3 اَگست 2026 (UTC)
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      <sha1>oui6kcnwhfwfya2vqf9804k58q0ws28</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>وِکیٖپیٖڈیا:AutoWikiBrowser/Typos</title>
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      <id>147376</id>
      <parentid>145300</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-03T18:02:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
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===آ===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;آبٲدی&quot; find=&quot;\bآبادی\b&quot; replace=&quot;آبٲدی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;آئین&quot; find=&quot;آئین&quot; replace=&quot;ٲییٖن&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ٲییٖن&quot; find=&quot;ٲئین&quot; replace=&quot;ٲییٖن&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;آزٲدی&quot; find=&quot;\b آزادی\b&quot; replace=&quot;آزٲدی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;Alif Tanween to Noon&quot; find=&quot;ا(?:ً|ََ)(?!\p{L})&quot; replace=&quot;ن&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ا===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اَچھَر&quot; find=&quot;\bاچھر\b&quot; replace=&quot;اَچھَر&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اُردوٗ&quot; find=&quot;\bاردو\b&quot; replace=&quot;اُردوٗ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اَتھ&quot; find=&quot;\bاتھ\b&quot; replace=&quot;اَتھ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;اِبتدٲیی&quot; find=&quot;\bابتدائی\b&quot; replace=&quot;اِبتدٲیی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اِنتِظٲمؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bانتِظٲمۍ\b&quot; replace=&quot;اِنتِظٲمؠ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اِستِمال&quot; find=&quot;\bاستعمال\b&quot; replace=&quot;اِستِمال&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اِستِمال&quot; find=&quot;\اِستعمال\b&quot; replace=&quot;اِستِمال&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اِنتِہٲیی&quot; find=&quot;\bانتہائی\b&quot; replace=&quot;اِنتِہٲیی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اَنٛگریٖزی&quot; find=&quot;\bاَنگریٖزؠ\b&quot; replace=&quot;اَنٛگریٖزی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اَکھ&quot; find=&quot;\b(ا|آ)کھ\b&quot; replace=&quot;اَکھ&quot; /&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;اَکھ&quot; find=&quot;\bاَكھہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;اَکھ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اَکھ&quot; find=&quot;\bأکھ\b&quot; replace=&quot;اَکھ&quot; /&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;اَمہِ&quot; find=&quot;\bامہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;اَمہِ&quot; /&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;اَمہِ&quot; find=&quot;\bاَمہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;اَمہِ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اَگَست&quot; find=&quot;\bاگست\b&quot; replace=&quot;اَگَست&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اۆنٛدروٗنی&quot; find=&quot;\bاندروٗنی\b&quot; replace=&quot;اۆنٛدروٗنی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اۆنٛدروٗنی&quot; find=&quot;\bاندرونی\b&quot; replace=&quot;اۆنٛدروٗنی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اِستِمال&quot; find=&quot;\bاستعمال\b&quot; replace=&quot;اِستِمال&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ایماندٲری&quot; find=&quot;\bایمانداری\b&quot; replace=&quot;ایماندٲری&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اِسلٲمی اِسلام&quot; find=&quot;\bاسل(ام|ٲمی)?\b&quot; replace=&quot;اِسل$1&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اِنسان&quot; find=&quot;\bانسان\b&quot; replace=&quot;اِنسان&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;اِنسٲنی&quot; find=&quot;\bانسانی\b&quot; replace=&quot;اِنسٲنی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;زٲژ&quot; find=&quot;\bانواع\b&quot; replace=&quot;زٲژ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ایٚکسپوجَر&quot; find=&quot;\bایکسپوژر([َُِ]?(س|ن|و|ی|ک|ز))?\b&quot; replace=&quot;ایٚکسپوجَر$1&quot; /&gt;

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===أ===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ب===

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;بیٚیہِ&quot; find=&quot;\bبییہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;بیٚیہِ&quot; /&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;بیٚیہِ وُچھِو&quot; find=&quot; ==\s*بییہٚ وُچُھو\s*==&quot; replace=&quot;== بیٚیہِ وُچھِو ==&quot; /&gt;
		

&lt;Typo word=&quot;بیٛاکھ&quot; find=&quot;\bبیاکھ\b&quot; replace=&quot;بیٛاکھ&quot; /&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;بیٛاکھ&quot; find=&quot;\bبیٚاکھ\b&quot; replace=&quot;بیٛاکھ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;بھارت&quot; find=&quot;\bبھارت\b&quot; replace=&quot;ہِندوستان&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;بھارتی&quot; find=&quot;\bبھارتی\b&quot; replace=&quot;ہِندوستٲنؠ&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===پ===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;پؠٹھ&quot; find=&quot;\bپٮ۪ٹھ\b&quot; replace=&quot;پؠٹھ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;پؠٹھ&quot; find=&quot;\bپیٹھ\b&quot; replace=&quot;پؠٹھ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;پؠٹھٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bپٮ۪ٹھٕ\b&quot; replace=&quot;پؠٹھٕ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;پٲدٲیِش&quot; find=&quot;\bپیدائش\b&quot; replace=&quot;پٲدٲیِش&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;پٲٹھؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bپأنٹھ\b&quot; replace=&quot;پٲٹھؠ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;جَنٛڈٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bپرچم\b&quot; replace=&quot;جَنٛڈٕ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;پٲکِستٲنؠ&quot; find=&quot;\sپ[ا][ککِ]ستان[ئی]\b&quot; replace=&quot; پٲکِستٲنؠ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ت===

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;تٲلیٖم&quot; find=&quot;\bتعلیم\b&quot; replace=&quot;تٲلیٖم&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;تٲلیٖم&quot; find=&quot;\bتعلیٖم\b&quot; replace=&quot;تٲلیٖم&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;تَنقیٖد&quot; find=&quot;\bتنقید\b&quot; replace=&quot;تَنقیٖد&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;تَقریٖبَن&quot; find=&quot;\bتَ?قریٖ?باً\b&quot; replace=&quot;تَقریٖبَن&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;تَقریٖبَن&quot; find=&quot;\bتقریبا\b&quot; replace=&quot;تَقریٖبَن&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;سہکٲری&quot; find=&quot;\bتعاون\b&quot; replace=&quot;سہکٲری&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;تہِ&quot; find=&quot;\bتِہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;تہِ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;تہٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bتٕہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;تہٕ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;تہٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bتہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;تہٕ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ٹ===

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ٹیلی وِجَن&quot; find=&quot;\bٹیلی ویژن\b&quot; replace=&quot;ٹیلی وِجَن&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ٹیلی وِجن&quot; find=&quot;\bٹیلی ویژن([َُِ]?(س|ن|و|ک|ز))+\b&quot; replace=&quot;ٹیلی وِجن$1&quot; /&gt;

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ث===
===ج===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;جَنؤری&quot; find=&quot;\bجنوری\b&quot; replace=&quot;جَنؤری&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;جَنؤری&quot; find=&quot;\bجَنوری\b&quot; replace=&quot;جَنؤری&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;جۆنوٗبی&quot; find=&quot;\b[ججٔ]ن[ووٗ]بی\b&quot; replace=&quot;جۆنوٗبی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;جۆنوٗب&quot; find=&quot;\bجنوب\b&quot; replace=&quot;جۆنوٗب&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;جُلَے&quot; find=&quot;\bجولائی\b&quot; replace=&quot;جُلَے&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;جَنٛڈٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bجھنڈٕ\b&quot; replace=&quot;جَنٛڈٕ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;جَنٛگ&quot; find=&quot;\bجنگ(س|ن|و)?\b&quot; replace=&quot;جَنٛگ$1&quot; /&gt;
		
&lt;Typo word=&quot;کَمپیوٗٹَر&quot; find=&quot;\bکَمپی(?:ۄٹر|وٹر)h\b&quot; replace=&quot;کَمپیوٗٹَر&quot;/&gt;

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===چ===

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;چھےٚ&quot; find=&quot;\bچھے\b&quot; replace=&quot;چھےٚ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;چھےٚ&quot; find=&quot;\bچھے٘\b&quot; replace=&quot;چھےٚ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;چھِ&quot; find=&quot;\bچِھ\b&quot; replace=&quot;چھِ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;چھُ&quot; find=&quot;\bچُھ\b&quot; replace=&quot;چھُ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;چھَ&quot; find=&quot;\bچَھ\b&quot; replace=&quot;چھَ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;چھہِ&quot; find=&quot;\bچھِہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;چھِ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;چھُہ&quot; find=&quot;\bچھہُ\b&quot; replace=&quot;چھُہ&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ح===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;حٲصِل&quot; find=&quot;\bحاصل\b&quot; replace=&quot;حٲصِل&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;حٲصِل&quot; find=&quot;\bحأصل\b&quot; replace=&quot;حٲصِل&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;حوٚکوٗمَتھ&quot; find=&quot;\bحکوٗمت\b&quot; replace=&quot;حوٚکوٗمَتھ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;حَوالہٕ&quot; find=&quot;==\s*حوالہ\s*==&quot; replace=&quot;== حَوالہٕ ==&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;حَوالہٕ&quot; find=&quot;==\s*حوالہٕ\s*==&quot; replace=&quot;== حَوالہٕ ==&quot; /&gt;

 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===خ===

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;خَطرٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bخطر\b&quot; replace=&quot;خَطرٕ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;خَطرٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bخطر\b&quot; replace=&quot;خَطرٕ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;خَلاف&quot; find=&quot;\bخلاف\b&quot; replace=&quot;خَلاف&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;خٲطرٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bخأطرہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;خٲطرٕ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===د===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;دِنہٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bدِینہٕ\b&quot; replace=&quot;دِنہٕ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;رازدٲنؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bدارالحکومت\b&quot; replace=&quot;رازدٲنؠ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;رازدٲنؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bدارالحکوٗمت\b&quot; replace=&quot;رازدٲنؠ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;دٔچھُن&quot; find=&quot;\bدۄچھُن\b&quot; replace=&quot;دٔچھُن&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;دَوا&quot; find=&quot;\bدوا\b&quot; replace=&quot;دَوا&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;دعوا&quot; find=&quot;\bدَ?عویٰ?\b&quot; replace=&quot;دعوا&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;دَسَمبَر&quot; find=&quot;\bدسمبر\b&quot; replace=&quot;دَسَمبَر&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;دُنؠ‌یا&quot; find=&quot;\b(دُنِیا|دُنیا|دنیا)(ہ[َُِٕ]?(س|ن|و|ک|ز|ؠ|ی)+)?\b&quot; replace=&quot;دُنؠ‌یا$2&quot; /&gt;

 
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ڈ===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ڈِویجَن&quot; find=&quot;\bڈویژن([َُِ]?(س|ن|و|ک|ز))?\b&quot; replace=&quot;ڈِویجَن$1&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ڈِویجنَل&quot; find=&quot;\bڈویژنل([َُِ]?(س|ن|و|ک|ز))?\b&quot; replace=&quot;ڈِویجنَل$1&quot; /&gt;

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ذ===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ضِلُک&quot; find=&quot;\bذُلُک\b&quot; replace=&quot;ضِلُک&quot; /&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;ذٲتی زِندگی&quot; find=&quot;==\s*زٲتی زِندگی\s*==&quot; replace=&quot;== ذٲتی زِندگی ==&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ذٲتی زِندگی&quot; find=&quot;==\s*زٲتی زندگی\s*==&quot; replace=&quot;== ذٲتی زِندگی ==&quot; /&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;ذٲتی&quot; find=&quot;\bزٲتی\b&quot; replace=&quot;ذٲتی&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ر===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;رِیاسَتھ&quot; find=&quot;\bرِیاسَت\b&quot; replace=&quot;رِیاسَتھ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;رِیاسَتھ&quot; find=&quot;\bریاست\b&quot; replace=&quot;رِیاسَتھ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ڑ===
===ز===

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;زیٛادٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bزیادہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;زیٛادٕ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;زیٛادٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bزیادٕ\b&quot; replace=&quot;زیٛادٕ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;زیٛادٕتَر&quot; find=&quot;\bزیادٕ تر\b&quot; replace=&quot;زیٛادٕتَر&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;زیٛادٕتَر&quot; find=&quot;\bزیادٕ تَر\b&quot; replace=&quot;زیٛادٕتَر&quot; /&gt;

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ژ===
===س===

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سٟتؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bسٲتؠ\b&quot; replace=&quot;سٟتؠ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سٟتؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bسٲتی\b&quot; replace=&quot;سٟتؠ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;سٟتؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bسٕتؠ\b&quot; replace=&quot;سٟتؠ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سٟتؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bسٍتۍ\b&quot; replace=&quot;سٟتؠ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;سٟتؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bستی\b&quot; replace=&quot;سٟتؠ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;سٟتؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bسۭتۍ\b&quot; replace=&quot;سٟتؠ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;سٟتؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bسیتۍ\b&quot; replace=&quot;سٟتؠ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;سٟتہِ&quot; find=&quot;\bسۭتہِ\b&quot; replace=&quot;سٟتہِ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;سَتَمبَر&quot; find=&quot;\bستمبر\b&quot; replace=&quot;سَتَمبَر&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سَمٲجی&quot; find=&quot;\bسماجی\b&quot; replace=&quot;سَمٲجی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سُہ&quot; find=&quot;\bسہُ\b&quot; replace=&quot;سُہ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ساینَس دان&quot; find=&quot;\bساینَسدان\b&quot; replace=&quot;ساینَس دان&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سِیاسَتھ دان&quot; find=&quot;\bسیاستدان\b&quot; replace=&quot;سِیاسَتھ دان&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سَتَمبَر&quot; find=&quot;\bسپتمبر\b&quot; replace=&quot;سَتَمبَر&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سٲتھی&quot; find=&quot;\bساتھی\b&quot; replace=&quot;سٲتھی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سَرکٲرؠ&quot; find=&quot;\b سرکاری\b&quot; replace=&quot;سَرکٲرؠ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سِریٖنَگرَس&quot; find=&quot;\bسری نگرس\b&quot; replace=&quot;سِریٖنَگرَس&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سارِوٕے&quot; find=&quot;\bساروی\b&quot; replace=&quot;سارِوٕے&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سٟنٛز&quot; find=&quot;\bسنز\b&quot; replace=&quot;سٟنٛز&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سٟنٛز&quot; find=&quot;\bسٕنز\b&quot; replace=&quot;سٟنٛز&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سٟنٛد&quot; find=&quot;\bسٕند\b&quot; replace=&quot;سٟنٛد&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سُنٛد&quot; find=&quot;\bسُند\b&quot; replace=&quot;سُنٛد&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سٟنٛدؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bسٕندۍ\b&quot; replace=&quot;سٟنٛدؠ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سٟنٛدؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bسٕندؠ\b&quot; replace=&quot;سٟنٛدؠ&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ش===


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;شٲیِر&quot; find=&quot;\bشاعر\b&quot; replace=&quot;شٲیِر&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;شٲیری&quot; find=&quot;\bشاعری\b&quot; replace=&quot;شٲیری&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;شٲمِل&quot; find=&quot;\bشامل\b&quot; replace=&quot;شٲمِل&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;شَہَر&quot; find=&quot;\bشہر\b&quot; replace=&quot;شَہَر&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;شۆروٗع&quot; find=&quot;\bشُروٗع\b&quot; replace=&quot;شۆروٗع&quot; /&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;شۆروٗع&quot; find=&quot;\bشروع\b&quot; replace=&quot;شۆروٗع&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;شایَع&quot; find=&quot;\bشائع\b&quot; replace=&quot;شایَع&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ص===

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;صٔحیٖح&quot; find=&quot;\bصحیح\b&quot; replace=&quot;صٔحیٖح&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ض===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ضِلہٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bضِلعہٕ\b&quot; replace=&quot;ضِلہٕ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ضِلہٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bضلعہٕ\b&quot; replace=&quot;ضِلہٕ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ضِلہٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bضلع\b&quot; replace=&quot;ضِلہٕ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ضِلس&quot; find=&quot;\bضلعس\b&quot; replace=&quot;ضِلس&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ضۆروٗری&quot; find=&quot;\bضروری\b&quot; replace=&quot;ضۆروٗری&quot; /&gt;

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ط===
===ظ===
===ع===

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;علاقہٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bعلاقہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;علاقہٕ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;یَلاج&quot; find=&quot;\b(ع|عِ)لاج(س|ن|و)?\b&quot; replace=&quot;یَلاج$2&quot; /&gt;

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===غ===
===ف===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;فَرؤری&quot; find=&quot;\bفروری\b&quot; replace=&quot;فَرؤری&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;فِلِم&quot; find=&quot;\bفلم\b&quot; replace=&quot;فِلِم&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;فِلِم&quot; find=&quot;\bفِلم\b&quot; replace=&quot;فِلِم&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;فورَن&quot; find=&quot;\bفُ?وراً\b&quot; replace=&quot;فورَن&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ق===

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;قَتٕل&quot; find=&quot;\bقتل\b&quot; replace=&quot;قَتٕل&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;قٲیِم&quot; find=&quot;\bقائم\b&quot; replace=&quot;قٲیِم&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;قٟمَتھ&quot; find=&quot;\bقیمت\b&quot; replace=&quot;قٟمَتھ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;قٟمتی&quot; find=&quot;\bقۭمتی\b&quot; replace=&quot;قٟمتی&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ک===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ک&quot; find=&quot;\bڪ\b&quot; replace=&quot;ک&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;کٲشُر&quot; find=&quot;\bکأشُر\b&quot; replace=&quot;کٲشُر&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;کِلومیٖٹَر&quot; find=&quot;\bکیلومیٹر\b&quot; replace=&quot;کِلومیٖٹَر&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;کانٛہہ&quot; find=&quot;\bکانہہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;کانٛہہ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;کٔرِتھ&quot; find=&quot;\bکٔرتھ\b&quot; replace=&quot;کٔرِتھ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;کٔرِتھ&quot; find=&quot;\bکرتھ\b&quot; replace=&quot;کٔرِتھ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;کَرنہٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bکرنہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;کَرنہٕ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;کھۄتہٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bکھوتہٕ\b&quot; replace=&quot;کھۄتہٕ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;کھۄتہٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bکھوتہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;کھۄتہٕ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;کٔرؠ‌مٕتؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bکٔرۍمٕتۍ\b&quot; replace=&quot;کٔرؠ‌مٕتؠ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===گ===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;گۄڈنیُٛک&quot; find=&quot;\bگۄڈٕ(ن|نِ)یُک\b&quot; replace=&quot;گۄڈنُیٛک&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;گۄڈنیُٛک&quot; find=&quot;\bگوڑنک\b&quot; replace=&quot;گۄڈنُیٛک&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;گۄڈنیُٛک&quot; find=&quot;\bگۄڈنیُٛک\b&quot; replace=&quot;گۄڈنُیٛک&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;گرٕ&quot; find=&quot;\گھر\b&quot; replace=&quot;گرٕ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;گرٕ&quot; find=&quot;\گھرٕ\b&quot; replace=&quot;گرٕ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;گر&quot; find=&quot;\bگھر([َُِ]?(س|ن|و|ی|ک|ز))?\b&quot; replace=&quot;گر$1&quot; /&gt;

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ل===


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;لِکھٲرؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bلکھاری\b&quot; replace=&quot;لِکھٲرؠ&quot; /&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;لَگجَری&quot; find=&quot;\bلگژری([َُِ]?(س|ن|و|ی|ک|ز))?\b&quot; replace=&quot;لَگجَری$1&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===م===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مُلُک&quot; find=&quot;\bمُلک\b&quot; replace=&quot;مُلُک&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;مُتٲثِر&quot; find=&quot;\bمتاثر\b&quot; replace=&quot;مُتٲثِر&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مَنٛز&quot; find=&quot;\bمنز\b&quot; replace=&quot;مَنٛز&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مَنٛز&quot; find=&quot;\bمنٛز\b&quot; replace=&quot;مَنٛز&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مَنٛز&quot; find=&quot;\bمَنز\b&quot; replace=&quot;مَنٛز&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مَدَتھ&quot; find=&quot;\bمدد\b&quot; replace=&quot;مَدَتھ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مَدَتھ&quot; find=&quot;\bمَدد\b&quot; replace=&quot;مَدَتھ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مَیٖٹَر&quot; find=&quot;\bمیٹر\b&quot; replace=&quot;میٖٹَر&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مُسلمان&quot; find=&quot;\bمسلمان\b&quot; replace=&quot;مُسلمان&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مَشہوٗر&quot; find=&quot;\bمشہور\b&quot; replace=&quot;مَشہوٗر&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مُشتَرکہٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bمشترکہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;مُشتَرکہٕ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مۄحفوٗظ&quot; find=&quot;\bمحفوظ\b&quot; replace=&quot;مۄحفوٗظ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;میٖل&quot; find=&quot;\bمیل\b&quot; replace=&quot;میٖل&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;چَکور&quot; find=&quot;\bمربع\b&quot; replace=&quot;چَکور&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مارٕچ&quot; find=&quot;\bمارچ\b&quot; replace=&quot;مارٕچ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مَقبوٗل&quot; find=&quot;\bمقبول\b&quot; replace=&quot;مَقبوٗل&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;موٗسیٖقی&quot; find=&quot;\bموسیقی\b&quot; replace=&quot;موٗسیٖقی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مُقٲمی&quot; find=&quot;\bمقامی\b&quot; replace=&quot;مُقٲمی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مُخٲلِف&quot; find=&quot;\bمخالف\b&quot; replace=&quot;مُخٲلِف&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مُخٲلِف&quot; find=&quot;\bمخٲلف\b&quot; replace=&quot;مُخٲلِف&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;مُخٲلِف&quot; find=&quot;\bمُخالف\b&quot; replace=&quot;مُخٲلِف&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سۆمبرُن&quot; find=&quot;\مجموعہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;سۆمبرُن&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سۆمبرُن&quot; find=&quot;\مجموعہٕ\b&quot; replace=&quot;سۆمبرُن&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سۆمبرُن&quot; find=&quot;\bمجموع([َُِ]?(س|ن|و|ی|ک|ز))?\b&quot; replace=&quot;سۆمبرُن$1&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;سہارٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bمعاون([َُِ]?(س|ن|و|ی|ک|ز))?\b&quot; replace=&quot;سہارٕ$1&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;پھٔہلِتھ&quot; find=&quot;\bمحیط\b&quot; replace=&quot;پھٔہلِتھ&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ن===


&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;نَوَمبَر&quot; find=&quot;\bنومبر\b&quot; replace=&quot;نَوَمبَر&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;نٲیِب صٔدٕر&quot; find=&quot;\bنائب صدر\b&quot; replace=&quot;نٲیِب صٔدٕر&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;نَسٕل&quot; find=&quot;\bنژاد([َُِ]?(س|ن|و|ی|ک|ز))?\b&quot; replace=&quot;نَسٕل$1&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===و===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ؤزیٖرِ اَعظَم&quot; find=&quot;\bؤزیٖر ائے اعظم\b&quot; replace=&quot;ؤزیٖرِ اَعظَم&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;وَقٕت&quot; find=&quot;\bوقت\b&quot; replace=&quot;وَقٕت&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;وَقٕت&quot; find=&quot;\bوقٕت\b&quot; replace=&quot;وَقٕت&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;وۄستاد&quot; find=&quot;\bاستاد\b&quot; replace=&quot;وۄستاد&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ؤری&quot; find=&quot;\bوٕری\b&quot; replace=&quot;ؤری&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;وِجَن&quot; find=&quot;\bویژن\b&quot; replace=&quot;وِجَن&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;وِجن&quot; find=&quot;\bویژن([َُِ]?(س|ن|و|ک|ز))+\b&quot; replace=&quot;وِجن$1&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;وِجَن&quot; find=&quot;\bوژن\b&quot; replace=&quot;وِجَن&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;وِجن&quot; find=&quot;\bوژن([َُِ]?(س|ن|و|ک|ز))+\b&quot; replace=&quot;وِجن$1&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ؤرجَن&quot; find=&quot;\bورژن\b&quot; replace=&quot;ؤرجَن&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ؤرجن&quot; find=&quot;\bورژن([َُِ]?(س|ن|و|ک|ز))+\b&quot; replace=&quot;ؤرجن$1&quot; /&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;وِجوَل&quot; find=&quot;\bوِژول([َُِ]?(س|ن|و|ک|ز))?\b&quot; replace=&quot;وِجوَل$1&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;وِجوَل&quot; find=&quot;\bویژول([َُِ]?(س|ن|و|ک|ز))?\b&quot; replace=&quot;وِجوَل$1&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;وِکیٖپیٖڈیا&quot; find=&quot;\bویکیپیڈیا\b&quot; replace=&quot;وِکیٖپیٖڈیا&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;و&quot; find=&quot;ؤ(?!\p{L})&quot; replace=&quot;و&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ۄ===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ۄ&quot; find=&quot;ۅ&quot; replace=&quot;ۄ&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ہ===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ہِندوستٲنؠ&quot; find=&quot;\b(ہ|ہِ)ندوست(ٲ|ا)ن(ی|ۍ)\b&quot; replace=&quot;ہِندوستٲنؠ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ہِندوستٲنؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bہِنٛدوستانی\b&quot; replace=&quot;ہِندوستٲنؠ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ہِندوستٲنؠ&quot; find=&quot;\bہندوستانی\b&quot; replace=&quot;ہِندوستٲنؠ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ہٕنٛز&quot; find=&quot;\bۂنٛز\b&quot; replace=&quot;ہٕنٛز&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ہٕنٛز&quot; find=&quot;\bۂنز\b&quot; replace=&quot;ہٕنٛز&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ہٕنٛز&quot; find=&quot;\bہٕنز\b&quot; replace=&quot;ہٕنٛز&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ہِنٛز&quot; find=&quot;\bہنز\b&quot; replace=&quot;ہِنٛز&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ہُنٛد&quot; find=&quot;\bہُند\b&quot; replace=&quot;ہُنٛد&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ی===

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;یہِ&quot; find=&quot;\bیہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;یہِ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;یہِ&quot; find=&quot;\bیِہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;یہِ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;یہٕ&quot; find=&quot;\bیٕہ\b&quot; replace=&quot;یہٕ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;یَتھ&quot; find=&quot;\bیتھ\b&quot; replace=&quot;یَتھ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;یٚ&quot; find=&quot;ێ&quot; replace=&quot;یٚ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;یٖ&quot; find=&quot;يٖ&quot; replace=&quot;یٖ&quot; /&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;یوٗنِوَرسِٹی&quot; find=&quot;\bیونیورسٹی\b&quot; replace=&quot;یوٗنِوَرسِٹی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;یوٗنِوَرسِٹی&quot; find=&quot;\bیوٗنیورسٹی\b&quot; replace=&quot;یوٗنِوَرسِٹی&quot; /&gt;


&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===ے===
===باقٕے===

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;xml&quot;&gt;

 &lt;Typo word=&quot;۔&quot; find=&quot;([\u0600-\u06FF])\.&quot; replace=&quot;$1۔&quot; /&gt;
 
&lt;Typo word=&quot;اوس&quot; find=&quot;\bس[وۄ][ااِ]\b&quot; replace=&quot;اوس&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;Fix: All Aspirated Diacritics (Global)&quot; find=&quot;([کپتٹچدڈبجگژڑ])([َُِٕٔ])ھ&quot; replace=&quot;$1ھ$2&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ؠ‌ (Mid-word with ZWNJ)&quot; find=&quot;ۍ(?=[\u0600-\u06FF])&quot; replace=&quot;ؠ‌&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ؠ (End of word)&quot; find=&quot;ۍ\b&quot; replace=&quot;ؠ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;Fix: Lower Diacritics on Heh (Global)&quot; find=&quot;(?![ارڑزژدڈذؠںأإٲٳوۄۆ])([ا-ے])([ِٕ])ہ(?![ا-ے])&quot; replace=&quot;$1ہ$2&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;Fix: Upper Diacritics before Heh (Global)&quot; find=&quot;(?![ارڑزژدڈذؠںأإٲٳوۄۆ])([ا-ے])ہ([َُٔ])(?![ا-ے])&quot; replace=&quot;$1$2ہ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ٚ&quot; find=&quot;٘&quot; replace=&quot;ٚ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;یئ pattern&quot; find=&quot;(?&lt;=[\u0600-\u06FF])[یي][\u064B-\u065F]*ئ&quot; replace=&quot;ییَ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ئے pattern&quot; find=&quot;(?&lt;=[\u0600-\u06FF])ئے&quot; replace=&quot;ے&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ۓ pattern&quot; find=&quot;(?&lt;=[\u0600-\u06FF])ۓ&quot; replace=&quot;ے&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ئیل pattern&quot; find=&quot;(?&lt;=[\u0600-\u06FF])ئ[\u064B-\u065F]*[یي]ل(?![\u0600-\u06FF]{2}|م\b)&quot; replace=&quot;ییٖل&quot; /&gt; 
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ئین pattern&quot; find=&quot;(?&lt;=[\u0600-\u06FF])ئ[\u064B-\u065F]*[یي]ن(?![\u0600-\u06FF]{2})&quot; replace=&quot;ییٖن&quot; /&gt; 
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ئیس pattern&quot; find=&quot;(?&lt;=[\u0600-\u06FF])ئ[\u064B-\u065F]*[یي]س(?![\u0600-\u06FF]{2})&quot; replace=&quot;ییٖس&quot; /&gt; 
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ئیق pattern&quot; find=&quot;(?&lt;=[\u0600-\u06FF])ئ[\u064B-\u065F]*[یي]ق(?![\u0600-\u06FF]{2})&quot; replace=&quot;ییٖق&quot; /&gt; 
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ئید pattern&quot; find=&quot;(?&lt;=[\u0600-\u06FF])ئ[\u064B-\u065F]*[یي]د(?![\u0600-\u06FF]{2})&quot; replace=&quot;ییٖد&quot; /&gt; 

&lt;Typo word=&quot;Middle ئی&quot; find=&quot;(?&lt;=[\u0600-\u06FF])ئ[\u064B-\u065F]*[یي](?=\p{L})(?=[\u0600-\u06FF])&quot; replace=&quot;ی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ئ Catch-All&quot; find=&quot;(?&lt;=[\u0600-\u06FF])ئ&quot; replace=&quot;ی&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot; قرآن &quot; find=&quot;\s قر[اأإ]ن \b&quot; replace=&quot; قرآن &quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ٟ&quot; find=&quot;ۭ&quot; replace=&quot;ٟ&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;کِلومیٖٹَر مُرَبَع&quot; find=&quot;\bkm sq.\b&quot; replace=&quot;کِلُومیٖٹَر مُرَبَع&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;{{نامُکَمَل مَضموٗن}}&quot; find=&quot;\{\{Stub\}\}&quot; replace=&quot;{{نامُکَمَل مَضموٗن}}&quot; scope=&quot;template&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;{{نامُکَمَل مَضموٗن}}&quot; find=&quot;\{\{نامکمل مضمون\}\}&quot; replace=&quot;{{نامُکَمَل مَضموٗن}}&quot; scope=&quot;template&quot; /&gt;


&lt;Typo word=&quot;{{مولوٗماتھ}}&quot; find=&quot;\{\{Databox\}\}&quot; replace=&quot;{{مولوٗماتھ}}&quot; scope=&quot;template&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;{{مولوٗماتھ}}&quot; find=&quot;\{\{databox\}\}&quot; replace=&quot;{{مولوٗماتھ}}&quot; scope=&quot;template&quot; /&gt;

&lt;Typo word=&quot;ی&quot; find=&quot;ي&quot; replace=&quot;ی&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ؠ&quot; find=&quot;ۍ&quot; replace=&quot;ؠ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ؠ&quot; find=&quot;ٮ۪&quot; replace=&quot;ؠ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ॖ&quot; find=&quot;॒&quot; replace=&quot;ॖ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;ؠ‌مٕتؠ (ZWNJ connection)&quot; find=&quot;ؠ\s+مٕتؠ&quot; replace=&quot;ؠ‌مٕتؠ&quot; /&gt;
&lt;Typo word=&quot;==زٲتی زِندگی==&quot; find=&quot;\bزٲتی زِندگی\b&quot; replace=&quot;==ذٲتی زِندگی==&quot; /&gt;

&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


[[#Typo list|Back to top]]

[[زٲژ:آٹووِکی براؤزر]]</text>
      <sha1>n7dpzrwv4xs8zxcuebvdr6ucvj7yhkp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>9040</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147611</id>
      <parentid>126991</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:11:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147611</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1210" sha1="jyryteiosylt5dnb8wca2mx1k7xgoxm" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement/Wikidata|suppress_capital=Yes|state=[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]]|label=صدٕر مُقام|data=[[سِریٖنَگَر]]|image=File:Srinagar pano.jpg|image_size=300px}}

'''سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ''' چھُ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] مَنٛز اَکھ ضِلہٕ۔ أمیُک صَدرِ مُقام چھُ [[سِریٖنَگَر]]۔

== اِنتظامیہ ==
سری نگر ضِلعس مَنٛز چھِ 2 سب ڈِویجَن یعنی سری نگر مغربی تہٕ سری نگر مشرق۔

7 تحصیل چھِ: 
* سینٹرل شالٹینٛگ
* چھانہٕ پوٗر/نٔٹؠ پوٗر
* عیدگاہ
* خانیار
* پنتھا چوک
* سری نگر شُمٲلی
* سری نگر جۆنوٗب۔

یَتھ ضِلعس مَنٛز چھُ 4 کمیونٹی ڈیولپمنٹ بلاک |بُلاک&lt;ref&gt;[https://srinagar.nic.in/block-panchayats/], Srinagar District, Jammu and Kashmir.&lt;/ref&gt;
* ہٲروَن
* قمروور
* خۄنہٕ موہ
* سِریٖنَگَر 

یِم بلاک چھِ واریٛاہَن پنچایت تہٕ گامَن پؠٹھ مشتمل۔

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖرٕکؠ ضِلہٕ]]
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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&quot;'''سمنان'''&quot;  چھُ اَکھ صوبہٕ سمنان دارُالحکوٗمتُک۔ یُس شُمالہٕ انٛدٕ گۄلدوبار [[ایٖران|ایران]] دٔنٛدِس پؠٹھ درماندٕ چھُ۔ یہِ چھُ ۲۱۶ کلومیٹر دوٗر تہران مشرق انٛدٕ تہٕ مَشہد پیٹھٕ چھُ یہِ ۶۴۰ کلومیٹر مغرب انٛدٕ۔ ١٨٥،١٢٩ لوٗکن ہِنٛز آبٲدی چھےٚ اَتہِ موٗجود۔ سمنان چھُ سارؤی کھۄتہٕ بۄڈ آبٲدی ہُنٛد شَہَر سمنان دارُالحکوٗمتس اَنٛدَد۔

== ِحوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}
[[زٲژ:ایٖرنٕکؠ صوبن ہِنٛز رازدٲنؠ]]</text>
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| subdivisions = 
| image        = [[File:Xraymachine.JPG|225px]]
| caption      = اؠکسرے مِشیٖن
| system       = 
| diseases     = [[کَنسَر]], [[أڈِج فُتُن]]
| tests        =  [[ایم ار اے]]، [[پازِٹران اِمِشَن ٹوموٗگرٛافی]]،[[الٹراسونڈ]], [[میموٗگرٛافی]], [[فُلارَسقوپی]]
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طِبس مَنٛز چھِ '''اؠکسرے''' یا '''ریڈیوگرٛافی''' تَتھ تَکنیٖکؠ یِوان وَنہٕ یَتھ مَنٛز [[اؠکس زٕژٕ]] اِنسان سٔنز اۆنٛدروٗنی تانَن ہٕنٛز تَصویٖر بَناوِ۔ اَتھ چھُ بیٛاکھ ناو ریڑیوگرافی تہِ۔ سُہٕ مٲہِر ہُس اؠکسرے کَرِ تَس چھِ [[ریڈیوگرٛافَر]] وَنان.

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:ریڈیالجی]]


{{stub}}
[[زٲژ:ریڈیوگرٛافی]]</text>
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| name            = مینَنجایٹٕس
 |synonym = Meningitis
| image           = Meninges-en.svg
| caption         = دؠماغ چہٕ مینَنجی: [[دیورا میٹَر]]، [[آرکونایِڑ میٹر]]، تہٕ [[پِیا میٹر]].
| field           = [[نیورولاجی]]
| symptoms        = [[تَپھ]], [[کَلہٕ دود]], [[گَردَن دود]]
| complications   = [[زوٚجَر]]، [[مِرگی]]، [[ہایڈروسِفالَس]]
| onset           =
| duration        =
| causes          = جراسیٖم، وایرَس تہِ باقی&lt;
| risks           =
| diagnosis       = [[لَمبَر پَنکچَر]]
| differential    =  [[اینسؠفالایٹٕس]], [[دؠمٲغی ٹیٖومَر]], [[lupus]], [[Lyme disease]], [[seizures]], [[neuroleptic malignant syndrome]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Ferri|first1=Fred F.|title=Ferri's differential diagnosis : a practical guide to the differential diagnosis of symptoms, signs, and clinical disorders|url=https://archive.org/details/ferrisdifferenti0000ferr|date=2010|publisher=Elsevier/Mosby|location=Philadelphia |isbn=978-0-323-07699-9|page=Chapter M|edition=2nd}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[naegleriasis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MMWR2008&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|title=Primary amebic meningoencephalitis – Arizona, Florida, and Texas, 2007|journal=MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report|volume=57|issue=21|pages=573–27|date=May 2008|pmid=18509301|url=https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5721a1.htm|author1=Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC)|access-date=14 October 2017|archive-date=2 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200402060714/https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5721a1.htm|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| prevention      = [[Vaccination]]
| treatment       =
| medication      = [[اینٹی بَیاٹِکس]]، [[اینٹی وایرَل]]، [[سِٹیرویڑ]]
| frequency       = 10.6 million (2017)
| deaths          = 288,000 (2017)&lt;ref name=GBD2015De&gt;{{cite journal
 |title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
 |journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1459–1544|date=October 2016
 |pmid=27733281|pmc=5388903|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1
 |author1=((GBD 2015 Mortality Causes of Death Collaborators))}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
'''مینَنجایٹٕس''' چھِ اَکھ [[بؠمٲرؠ]] یَتھ مَنٛز [[دؠماغ]] تہٕ کَمرٕکِس پَنہٕ کِس حِفاظتی پَرتہِ چھُ وَرُم کھژھان.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sáez-Llorens|first=Xavier|last2=McCracken|first2=George H.|date=2003-06-21|title=Bacterial meningitis in children|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(03)13693-8/abstract|journal=The Lancet|language=English|volume=361|issue=9375|pages=2139–2148|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13693-8|issn=0140-6736|pmid=12826449|access-date=2022-03-30|archive-date=2013-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705135646/http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(03)13693-8/abstract|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; اَمچہِ عام عَلامژ چھِ [[تَپھ]]، [[کَلہٕ دود]] تہٕ [[گَردَن دود]]. باقی عَلامژ چھِ [[پَریشٲنی]]، [[قے]]، یا شور تہٕ گاشش سٟتؠ نَفرت.&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2022-01-05|title=Bacterial Meningitis {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/bacterial.html|access-date=2022-03-30|website=www.cdc.gov|language=en-us}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:بؠمٲرؠ]]</text>
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&lt;!------------Details-------------------&gt;
| type               = پیشہِ وَر
| activity_sector    = [[صحَت]]
| competencies       = ریڈیشنَن ہُنٛد اِستِمال &lt;br /&gt;  یِمَن مَضموٗنَن ۂنٛز زان: [[ایناٹمی]]، [[طِبی قونوٗن]]، [[پیتھالوجی]]، [[پھزیالوجی]]، [[ریڈیشن بَچاو]]، [[ریڈیوگرٛافی]]، [[ریڈیالجی]]
| formation          = عام طور [[بی ایس سی]]
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'''ریڈیوگرٛافَر''' یا ''' ریڈیو ٹیکنالجِسٹ''' چھُ اَکھ شَخص یُس اِنسان سٔنز اۆنٛدروٗنی تانَن ہٕنٛز طِبی تَصویٖر بَناونَس مَنٛز مٲہِر آسہِ۔ ریڑیوگرٛافَر ہیکہِ یا تَشخیٖص ریڑیوگرٛافَر یا تھیرپی ریڈیوگرٛافَر ٲسِتھ۔ ریڈیوگرٛافَر چھِ [[ریڈیالجی]] مَنٛز بی ایس سی یا ایم ایس سی کَران، تہٕ چھِ سَرکٲرؠ یا پراویٹھ اِدارَن مَنٛز کٲم کَران.&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Canadian Association of Medical Radiation Technologists|url=https://www.camrt.ca/|access-date=2022-04-22|language=en-US|archive-date=2022-04-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220416014833/https://www.camrt.ca/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:ریڈیالجی]]
[[زٲژ:ریڈیوگرٛافی]]</text>
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'''سَمسار یا کاینات''' مَنٛز چھِ تمام سپیس تہٕ وَقٕت تہٕ تٔہنٛز مواد موجود۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Zeilik1998&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Zeilik|first=Michael|title=Introductory Astronomy &amp; Astrophysics|url=https://archive.org/details/introductoryastr0000zeil|last2=Gregory|first2=Stephen A.|date=1998|publisher=Saunders College Publishing|isbn=978-0-03-006228-5|edition=4th|quote=The totality of all space and time; all that is, has been, and will be.}}&lt;/ref&gt; اَتھ مَنٛز چھ تمام وجود۔ کنہہ تہٕ بنیادی تعامل طبعی عمل تہٕ طبعی مستقل، تہٕ توٲی چھ توانایی۔ تہٕ مادے ہنٛز تمام شکلہٕ، تہٕ تم ڈھانچہٕ یم تم چھ بناوان، ذیلی جوہری ذرات پیٹھہٕ پورٕ کہکشاں کیٛن تناسبن تام۔

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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[[زٲژ:ایناٹمی]]</text>
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'''سورا بھاسکر''' چھِ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران.

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1988 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
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'''سوربھی جیوتی''' چھِ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران.

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
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      <text bytes="496" sha1="1m5cahfflchcg83ilex2xcfb71lwl80" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''سادھنا سرگم''' چھِ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران.

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:20 صٔدی ہِندوستان زَنان گُلوکار]]</text>
      <sha1>1m5cahfflchcg83ilex2xcfb71lwl80</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>شویتا مینن</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13240</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147664</id>
      <parentid>71192</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:34:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147664</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="457" sha1="sghb5v92e3sq0aagyrotr7lhr8ot3xz" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''شویتا مینن''' چھِ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران.

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1974 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
      <sha1>sghb5v92e3sq0aagyrotr7lhr8ot3xz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سرگُن مہتہ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13306</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147560</id>
      <parentid>115709</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T05:49:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147560</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="529" sha1="946e33pp5cdww8a10dk9jqte7bamabd" xml:space="preserve">{{حَوالہٕ وَرٲے}}
{{مولوٗماتھ}}
'''سرگُن مہتہ''' چھِ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران.

== ذٲتی زِندگی ==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{نامُکَمَل مَضموٗن}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1988 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
      <sha1>946e33pp5cdww8a10dk9jqte7bamabd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>صبا آزاد</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13370</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147688</id>
      <parentid>71216</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:44:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147688</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="461" sha1="ey1f2k30uzeku55uurzgqakottiolem" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''صبا آزاد''' چھِ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران.

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ اَداکار]]</text>
      <sha1>ey1f2k30uzeku55uurzgqakottiolem</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سلوچنا لاتکر</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13381</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147566</id>
      <parentid>71063</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T05:52:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147566</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="457" sha1="kqx8c5q5x5y13ztjhglw64ujigel85t" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''سلوچنا لاتکر''' چھِ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران.

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:2023 وَفات]]</text>
      <sha1>kqx8c5q5x5y13ztjhglw64ujigel85t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سرابانتی چٹرجی</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13403</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147558</id>
      <parentid>71054</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T05:48:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147558</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="465" sha1="ndt8l3zr0tjejao8sve8frtnwy7vt19" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''سرابانتی چٹرجی''' چھِ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران.

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1987 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
      <sha1>ndt8l3zr0tjejao8sve8frtnwy7vt19</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سلکھشنا پنڈت</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13408</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147567</id>
      <parentid>71064</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T05:52:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147567</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="525" sha1="an1609bprctidguzqu9ipuwmzs4zppc" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''سلکھشنا پنڈت''' چھِ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران.

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:2025 وَفات]]
[[زٲژ:20 صٔدی ہِندوستان زَنان گُلوکار]]</text>
      <sha1>an1609bprctidguzqu9ipuwmzs4zppc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سندھیا</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13467</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147573</id>
      <parentid>71082</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T05:54:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147573</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="450" sha1="m9p97zbwun5csi3sxv55rgmk5pf10gv" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''سندھیا''' چھِ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران.

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1988 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
      <sha1>m9p97zbwun5csi3sxv55rgmk5pf10gv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>زوا مورانی</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13482</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147535</id>
      <parentid>71011</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T05:35:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147535</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="457" sha1="bp6wnj4dnvj87q4lebjbolz57wy4cpy" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''زوا مورانی''' چھِ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران.

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1988 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
      <sha1>bp6wnj4dnvj87q4lebjbolz57wy4cpy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سیرت کپور</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13522</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147628</id>
      <parentid>71153</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:21:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147628</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="455" sha1="pxd7opp60bnpkr1o7n7ukc2yuyxzmmf" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''سیرت کپور''' چھِ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران.

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1993 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
      <sha1>pxd7opp60bnpkr1o7n7ukc2yuyxzmmf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سَنَم جنگ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13618</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147594</id>
      <parentid>71132</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:05:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147594</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="448" sha1="micjpjcx2im19kr5z1pbdu7kqg59yss" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''سَنَم جنگ''' چھِ اَکھ [[پاکِستان|پاکِستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران۔

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1988 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
      <sha1>micjpjcx2im19kr5z1pbdu7kqg59yss</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سادِیا اِمام</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13624</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147545</id>
      <parentid>71024</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T05:42:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147545</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="454" sha1="t8eww1rj73aa225tgj7wrznmu4cu0cy" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''سادِیا اِمام''' چھِ اَکھ [[پاکِستان|پاکِستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران۔

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1971 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
      <sha1>t8eww1rj73aa225tgj7wrznmu4cu0cy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سایِرا یوسُف</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13644</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147554</id>
      <parentid>74300</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T05:47:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147554</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="454" sha1="k5abahz0259yiainvex3tisw6kcef89" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''سایِرا یوسُف''' چھِ اَکھ [[پاکِستان|پاکِستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران۔

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1988 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
      <sha1>k5abahz0259yiainvex3tisw6kcef89</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>شومی کیثر</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13662</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147662</id>
      <parentid>71188</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:34:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147662</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="448" sha1="4veydwcu6jfs84kjt1skak1vvofir0u" xml:space="preserve">{{Databox}}
'''شومی کیثر''' چھِ اَکھ [[پاکِستان|پاکِستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران۔

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1970 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''ساراہ خان''' چھِ اَکھ [[پاکِستان|پاکِستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران۔

==زٲتی زِندگی==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{Stub}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ مُسَلمان]]</text>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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{{Infobox person/Wikidata | fetchwikidata=ALL}}
'''رہما علی''' چھِ اَکھ [[پاکِستان|پاکِستٲنؠ]] اَداکارہ یۄس [[فِلِم|فِلمَن]] مَنٛز چھِ کٲم کَران۔

== ذٲتی زِندگی ==
== فِلمی دور ==
== حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]


{{نامُکَمَل مَضموٗن}}
[[زٲژ:1988 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''سٹیلا پارٹن''' چھِ اَکھ [[اَمریٖکہ|اَمریٖکی]] اَداکارہ تہٕ گُلوکار. 
== زٲتی زِندگی ==
== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:اَمریٖکی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1949 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''ساشا گرے''' چھِ اَکھ [[اَمریٖکہ|اَمریٖکی]] اَداکارہ تہٕ گُلوکار. 
== زٲتی زِندگی ==
== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:اَمریٖکی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1988 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 3 books for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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{{مولوٗماتھ}}
ساٹِرِک اسیڈ ساکٕل ('''CAC''') یَتھ '''کَربٕس ساکٕل''' یا '''ٹی سی اے ساکٕل'''&lt;ref name=&quot;isbn0-12-181870-5&quot;&gt;{{cite book | author = Lowenstein, J. M. | title = Methods in Enzymology, Volume 13: Citric Acid Cycle | url = https://archive.org/details/citricacidcycle0013unse_c7u7 | publisher = Academic Press | location = Boston | year = 1969 | isbn = 978-0-12-181870-8}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;isbn0-904498-22-0&quot;&gt;{{cite book | vauthors = Kay J, Weitzman PD | title = Krebs' citric acid cycle: half a century and still turning | publisher = Biochemical Society | location = London | year = 1987 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/krebscitricacidc0000unse/page/25 25] | isbn = 978-0-904498-22-6 | url = https://archive.org/details/krebscitricacidc0000unse/page/25 }}&lt;/ref&gt;— چھِ اَکھ کیٖمیٲیی عَمل یَتھ مَنٛز اینرجی چھِ [[ایسِٹایِل کو اینزایِم|ایسِٹایِل کو اینزایِم اے ہَس]] آکسِڈیشَن گٔژھِتھ بَنان یُس [[کاربوہایڈریٹ]]، [[فیٹ]] تہٕ [[پرٛوٹیٖن]] پؠٹھ میلان چھُ.کربٕس ساکٕل چھُ زو زٲژ مَنٛز سیلیولَر ریسپایریشَن کَران یَمہٕ سٟتؠ اینرجی چھِ تَخلیٖق گَژھَن.

اَمہِ عَلاوہ چھُ یہِ سایکٕل واریاہ تِم چیٖز تَخلیٖق کَران یِم [[اؠماینو اسیڈ]] بَناونَس مَنٛز مَدَتھ چھِ کَران.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Wagner|first1=Andreas|title=Arrival of the Fittest|url=https://archive.org/details/arrivaloffittest0000wagn|date=2014|publisher=PenguinYork|isbn=9781591846468|page=[https://archive.org/details/arrivaloffittest0000wagn/page/100 100]|edition=first}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;isbn0-393-06596-0&quot;&gt;{{cite book | author = Lane, Nick | title = Life Ascending: The Ten Great Inventions of Evolution | url = https://archive.org/details/lifeascendingten0000lane | url-access = registration | publisher = W. W. Norton &amp; Co | location = New York | year = 2009 | isbn = 978-0-393-06596-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Marks' basic medical biochemistry : a clinical approach|url=https://archive.org/details/marksbasicmedica0000lieb_i4z1|last=Lieberman |first=Michael |date=2013|publisher=Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|others=Marks, Allan D., Peet, Alisa.|isbn=9781608315727|edition=Fourth|location=Philadelphia|oclc=769803483}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

{{Uncategorized|date=دَسَمبَر 2022}}</text>
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      <comment>Updated List of Wikipedians</comment>
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      <text bytes="1459" sha1="e4g510jc1x6uiiaxlkubxv4cs1ozg2v" xml:space="preserve">== List of Wikipedians by number of edits ==
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|- style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;
! No.
! User
! Edit count
|-
| 1
| [[User: آیات محراج | آیات محراج]]
| [[Special:Contributions/آیات محراج|34883]]
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| &lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;[[User:511KeV|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:sans-serif; color:#FF1100; text-shadow:.2em .2em .4em #AfAfB1;&quot;&gt;'''511KeV'''&lt;/span&gt;]]  [[User_talk:511KeV|&lt;sup&gt; '' (کتھ باتھ)''&lt;/sup&gt;]]
| [[Special:Contributions/511KeV|21538]]
|-
| 3
| [[User:Nadeemulhaqmir-bot|&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: 700; font-family: cursive;color: #41bf14;text-shadow: -1px 1px 0px #030318;&quot;&gt;Mir-Bot&lt;/span&gt;🍁]][[User_talk:Nadeemulhaqmir-bot|&lt;sup&gt;Talk&lt;/sup&gt;]]
| [[Special:Contributions/Nadeemulhaqmir-bot|13988]]
|-
| 4
| [[User: Uhaas bot | Uhaas bot]]
| [[Special:Contributions/Uhaas bot|11723]]
|-
| 5
| [[User: SakuraBot | SakuraBot]]
| [[Special:Contributions/SakuraBot|2788]]
|-
| 6
| [[User: SieBot | SieBot]]
| [[Special:Contributions/SieBot|2432]]
|-
| 7
| [[User: Xqbot | Xqbot]]
| [[Special:Contributions/Xqbot|2374]]
|-
| 8
| [[User: Humzah Rouf Phumboo | Humzah Rouf Phumboo]]
| [[Special:Contributions/Humzah Rouf Phumboo|2268]]
|-
| 9
| [[User: Koshur | Koshur]]
| [[Special:Contributions/Koshur|2227]]
|-
| 10
| [[User:Rishabhbhat|Rishabhbhat]] ([[User talk:Rishabhbhat|कथ]])
| [[Special:Contributions/Rishabhbhat|1669]]
|-
|} 
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{{Infobox person|name='''شاردا سِنہا'''|image=Sharda Sinha.jpg|birth_date=۱ اوکتوبر ۱۹۵۲ )وٲنٛژ ۷۰)|birth_place=[[ہُلَس]]، [[بِہار]]، [[ہِندوستان]]|nationality=[[ہِنٛدوستان|ہِنددوسٲنی]]|other names=بِہار سوار کوکِلا|occupation=لُکہٕ گلوٗکار، گلوٗکار ، کلاسکل گلوٗکار|years active=۱۹۸۰ – حٲضر|education=Bed; Phd موٗسیقی مٕنٛز|alma mater=[[مَاگھد مہیٖلا کالیٚج]]، [[پریاگ سنٛگھیٖت سمیٖتی]]، [[لَلِت ناراین مِتھیٖلا یوٗنورسٹی]]|known for=روایتی میتھیلی تہٕ بوجھپوٗری بٲتھ|works=|notable works=رویتی میتھیلی، مَاگھدی، بوجھپوٗری|spouse=براجکِشور سِنہا|children=۲|parents=سُکھدیو ٹھاکُر|awards=[[پدما بھوشن]]، [[پدما شری]]، سنٛگھیٖت ناٹک اکیڈمی وظیٖفٕہ}}

'''شاردا سِنہا''' (زاے ۱ اوکتوبر ۱۹۵۲) چھےٚ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] لُکہٕ تہٕ کلاسکل گلوٗکار.شاردا سِنہا چھےٚ اَکھ ناموَر میتھیلی تہٕ [[بوجھپوٗری]] گلوٗکار مِتھیٖلا پؠٹھہٕ۔ یمہٕ چھِ مَشہوٗر روایتی زنان گلوٗکار 'میتھیٖلی' خٲطرٕ تہٕ بوجھپوٗری بٲتھن خٲطرٕ۔ یمو چھِ گیوومٕتی واریاہ مقٲمی بٲتھ مِثالے &quot;وِواہ گیٖت&quot;، &quot;چھت گیٖت&quot;. ۱۹۹۱ مٕنٛز، یمو کۄٚر حٲصل [[پدما شری]] وٕظیٖفہٕ اِہنٛدِ شِرکَتھ موٗسیقی باپتھ۔ یمن آو [[پدما بھوشن]]، ہندوستانُک ترییم تھۄٚد مقٲمی وٕظیٖفہٕ، دِنہٕ ۲۰۱۸ کِس رِپبلِک دۄہس پؠٹھ.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/government-announces-recipients-of-2018-padma-awards/articleshow/62653257.cms | title=Government announces recipients of 2018 Padma awards | work=[[The Times of India]] | date=26 January 2018 | access-date=26 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url = http://indianexpress.com/article/trending/viral-videos-trending/this-chhath-puja-a-beautiful-song-is-making-people-nostalgic-and-beckoning-them-home-3737368/ | title = This Chhath Puja song is making people so nostalgic, they want to go home | publisher = [[The Indian Express]] | date = 4 November 2016 | access-date = 28 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== پۄٚت کال ==
سِنہا زایہِ [[ہُلَس]]، [[بِہار]] کِس [[سوپال ضلع|سوپال]] ضِلس مٕنٛز۔ یِہِونٛد ہووُر گھرٕ چھُ سِنہاما گامس بھیگوسرایی ضِلس مٕنٛز۔ یمو کۄٚر پنُن مُستقبَل شۆروٗع بہ وٕسیٖلہٕ میتھیلی لُکہٕ بٲتھ گؠونہٕ سٕتی۔ سِنہا بٲتھ بوجھپوٗریس مٕنٛز، ماگاہی تہٕ ہندیس مٕنٛز۔ پریاگ سنٛگھیٖت سمیٖتین کوٚر احتمام بسنت ماہوتساوا [[الله آباد|الله بادس]] مٕنٛز ییہِ سِنہا جی تہِ موجود ٲس تہٕ گؠوِکھ واریاہ بٲتھ یمہٕ موسمِ بہارس مُتلق ٲسی۔ یمو کۄٚر عام طور پٲٹھ گؠون چھت پوجا تہوارن پؠٹھ تہِ۔ یمو گؠوو تمہِ دۄہ تہِ یمہِ ساتھن ماعِرِٹَس ناوِنٕکی وزیر اعظم رامگوٗلام بِہار آے.
[[فَیِل:The President, Shri Ram Nath Kovind presenting the Padma Bhushan Award to Dr. (Smt.) Sharda Sinha, at the Civil Investiture Ceremony-II, at Rashtrapati Bhavan, in New Delhi on April 02, 2018.jpg|center|thumb]]

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

== بیروٗنی کُنٛڈٕ ==

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکہٕ گُلوکار]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ زَنان لوٗکہٕ گُلوکار]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:20 صٔدی ہِندوستان زَنان گُلوکار]]
[[زٲژ:21 صٔدی ہٕنٛد ہِندوستٲنؠ گُلوکار]]
[[زٲژ:2024 وَفات]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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{{حَوالہٕ وَرٲے}}
}}
سمتا (پیدٲیش 4 سَتَمبَر 1980) چھ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ پاپ گلوکار، پلے بیک گلوکار تہٕ اداکارہ یۄس ٹولیوڈ، تلگو موٗسیٖقی صنعت، بالی ووڈ، کولیوڈ تہٕ کناڈا سنیما مَنٛز پننہٕ کٲم خٲطرٕہ مَشہوٗر چھ۔ تم چھ فلمن مَنٛز کٲم کٔرمٔژ یَتھ مَنٛز زَن مالسوار (2004) تہٕ آٹا (2007) تہٕ شارٹ فِلِم ڈائینگ ٹو بی می (2015 مَنٛز) مَنٛز شٲمل

==کیریئر==

سمیتا سٟنٛز گلوکٲری صَلٲہِیَتھ ٲس 1997 مَنٛز تیلگو ٹیلی وِجَن چینل ای ٹی ویس پؠٹھ پیڈوتھا تھییگا ہس پرتیل شو مَنٛز شناخت کرنہٕ آمٔژ۔ اَتھ دورس مَنٛز کۆر سمیتا پنن پلے بیک خٲطرٕ کوشش شۆروٗع تہٕ تیم کۆر کینٛہہ پلے بیک بٲتھ رِکاڈ۔ تیم سٕندین والدینن کۆر تیمس مشورہ زِ تیم سٕندِس کیریئرس مَنٛز پاپ بٲتھَن انتخاب چھُ زیٛادٕ آسان تکیازِ تیم سٕندِس طرزٕ چھُ اَکھ پاپ فَن کار بناونہٕ خٲطرٕ زیٛادٕ موزوں۔ حیرابا اوس اَمہِ فٲصلُک نتیجہ۔
== سؠنِما تہٕ پاپ موٗسیٖقی ==

تیم سٟنٛز پاپ فَن کاری دور گو 2000 مَنٛز تیم سٕندِس گۄڈنُیٛک البم &quot;ہی رببا&quot; کہِ آغاز سٟتؠ شۆروٗع۔ اَتھ البمسا پتہٕ گوو تِلگو تہٕ تامل مَنٛز واریاہ بلاک باستر البم۔ تِلگو کلب مکسس مَنٛز ٲس تیم سٕندین کینٛہہ البم &quot;ماسکا ماسکا&quot; ہیوکہِ پٲنٹھ خصوصی ذکر کٔرِتھ اَکھ ملین کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ کاپیہٕچ فروخت۔ پٕتمؠن ژورَن ؤریَن دوران چھِ سمیتا تیلگو مَنٛز 75 پلے بیک بٲتھ گؠومِت تہٕ تیم چھِ جۆنوٗبی ہُنٛد معروف موٗسیٖقی کمپوزرن سٟتؠ کٲم کٔرمٔژ۔

ایم ایم کیراوانی سٟنٛز کمپوز کٔرمٔژ فِلِم &quot;انوکوکونڈا اوکا روجو&quot; ہُنٛد بٲتھ &quot;ایوارینا چوسنٹارا&quot; خٲطرٕ 2005 کس ؤریَس مَنٛز  تیلگو فلمن مَنٛز بہترین پلے بیک گلوکار کس طورس پؠٹھ فِلِم فیئر انعام۔  واریاہ البم گو پتہٕ تہٕ بنیو بلاک بسٹر۔ تیم کۆر آندھرا پردیش تہٕ تمل ناڈو مَنٛز پاپ موٗسیٖقی خٲطرٕ اَکھ منڈی بناونہٕ تہٕ تیم کۆر پاپ موٗسیٖقی تَقریٖبَن اَکھ دہائی تام زندٕ تھونہٕ۔

حال حالٕے شایَع گژھن وٲل البم &quot;SMITA&quot; چھُ   ساجد واجد  تیار کورمُت تہٕ ویڈیو ہُنٛد ہدایت کار تہٕ کوریوگراف بوسکو قیصرن ذریعہٕ تیار کرنہٕ آمت۔ یہٕ بنیٲدی موٗسیٖقی کمپنی سونی بی ایم جی سٟنٛز ہندی تہٕ تامل مَنٛز رلیز کرنہٕ آمت۔ پاپ البم چھ دکانن مَنٛز 7 مئی پیٚٹھ دستیاب۔

== باقی کٲم ==
آئی سی کینڈی انٹرٹینمنٹ پرائیویٹ لمیٹڈ چھُ تیم سٕندِس کاروبارس مَنٛز اَکھ نٔو اضافہٕ۔ یہٕ چھُ اَکھ پروڈکشن ہاوُس یس تیم  حال حالٕے شۆروٗع کۆر۔ یہٕ کمپنی چھِ فی الحال ما ٹی وی خٲطرٕ اَکھ مَقبوٗل شو 'ٹاٹا انڈیکوم-ڈانس ویو' تیار کران۔ یہٕ چھُ فی الحال 2014 مَنٛز سٹرائڈ۔

{{Uncategorized|date=اَپریل 2023}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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| birth_date         = 
| birth_place        = [[رِشیکیش]],[[وۄتُر پرَٛدیش]] (ازُک [[وۄتٕراکھَنٛڈ]])، ہَندوستان
| nationality        = &lt;!---Do not add Indian here. Nationality should be avoided when it can be inferred from birthplace per WP:INFONAT---&gt;
| occupation         = {{hlist|[[پلے بیک ]]|[[بٲتھ لِکھٲرؠ]]|[[ٹی وی شخص]]}}
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| relatives          = [[نیہا کَکَر]] (بیینہ)&lt;br/&gt;[[ٹونی کَکَر ]] (بوے)
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| genre            = {{flatlist|
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* music}}
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سونو کَکَر چھُ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ پلے بیک گلوکار، گیت لکھن وٲل تہٕ ٹیلی وِجَن شخصیت۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Sonu Kakkar - YouTube|url=https://www.youtube.com/user/Sonukakkarofficial/about|access-date=2023-04-15|website=www.youtube.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/hindi/latest-hindi-song-mera-hai-ye-watan-sung-by-sonu-kakkar-independence-day-special-song/videoshow/65400228.cms&lt;/ref&gt; سونو کَکَر چھُ بالی ووڈ گلوکار، نیہا کاکڑ تہٕ ٹونی کاکڑُک بڑی بہن۔ سونو کاکڑُک پٲدٲیِش 20 اکتوبر 1979ہس مَنٛز ریشیکِشس مَنٛز۔ سونو کَکَر اَکھ مَقبوٗل ترین گیت چھُ مادری۔ سُو کُک کُک کُک سٹوڈیو مَنٛز وشال دادلانِ سٟتؠ۔ یہٕ اوس کلنٹن سیریجو سٟتؠ کمپوز۔ سونو کاکڑُک حالیہ گیتن مَنٛز چھُ 'سن بالیے' گیت گٲیِتھ گژِنڈر ورما، سونو کاکڑ۔ میوزک ویڈیو مَنٛز چھُ گجِندر ورما تہٕ اپوروا اروڑا۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=&quot;Check Out New Hindi Trending Song Music Video - 'Tum Mere Paas' Sung By Mohammed Irfan {{!}} Hindi Video Songs - Times of India&quot;|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/hindi/check-out-new-hindi-trending-song-music-video-tum-mere-paas-sung-by-mohammed-irfan/videoshow/80443380.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== پییشہ ==
سونو کَکَر چھُ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ گلوکارہ۔یُس بالی ووڈ تہٕ پنجابی موٗسیٖقی انڈسٹری مَنٛز پنٕنؠ شٲمل چھ۔سُہٕ گٔژھ 11 اَگَست 1979ہس مَنٛز بھارتک اتراکھنڈک ریشیکشس مَنٛز، تہٕ بڑھیو دہلیک اتام نگرس مَنٛز۔

==مزید وچھو==
*[[گُلاب بائی]]
*[[شوکت علی خان]]
*[[اقبال باہو]]
*[[تیجن بائی]]
*[[ڈاکٹر باسنتی بِشت]]

==حولہ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>tb327vvmrhytafmr0kdv77c38g9qv8l</sha1>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147671</origin>
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      <text bytes="5151" sha1="oy4tb64hafvc8fx25kzddvw92rvvz8l" xml:space="preserve">{{Orphan|date=اَپریل 2023}}

{{Infobox person
| name               = شکیلا
| image              = ShakilaImage.jpg
| caption            = شکیلا 2017 مَنٛز 
| native_name        = شکیلا
| native_name_lang   = fa
| birth_name         = شکیلا موہسنی سِداگَد
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|1962|5|3}}
| birth_place        = [[تَہران]]، [[ایٖران]]
| alma_mater         = [[پالومَر کالیٚج]]
| title              = ووٹ تراون وول رُکُن [[گریمی انام|گریمی انامس]] مَنٛز 
| children           = 2&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://saten.ir/115887/بیوگرافی-شکیلاخواننده-عکس-فرزندانش/|title=بیوگرافی شکیلا (خواننده) +عکس فرزندانش|access-date=13 February 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| module             = {{Infobox musical artist |embed=yes
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| genre               = {{flatlist|
* [[ایٖرٲنی پاپ موٗسیٖقی|ایٖرٲنی پاپ موسیقی]]
* [[فارسی ریوٲیتی موٗسیٖقی|فارسی رِوٲیتی موٗسیٖقی]]
* [[world music|world]]}}
| occupation          = {{flatlist|
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* بٲتھ لِکھٲرؠ
}}
| years_active        = 1990–از تام
| origin              = [[سین ڈیاگو]], کیلیفورنیا
| label               = {{flatlist|
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* [[تانہ اینٹرپرایز]]
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شکیلا چھہ اَکھ لولہ گلوکارہ۔شکیلا محسنی صداقت، شکیلا کہ ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ یوان (پیدٕ 3 مئی 1962 مَنٛز) چھُ اَکھ ایرانی گلوکار تہٕ گیت لکھنؤچ رہائش سان ڈیاگو، کیلیفورنیا مَنٛز۔

شکیلہ چھ اَکھ بین الاقوامی فنکار یم فارسی، کرد، انگریزی، ترکی، ہندی تہٕ ہسپانوی سٟتؠ مختلف زبانن مَنٛز پرفارم کرمت۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Shakila {{!}} Iranian.com|url=http://iranian.com/main/music/shakila.html|access-date=2023-04-15|website=iranian.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; تمو کۆر 2006 مَنٛز فارسی میوزک اکیڈمی ایوارڈ تہٕ 2015 مَنٛز گلوبل میوزک ایوارڈ۔ شکیلہ چھ فارسی زبانس مَنٛز بیس کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ البم تہٕ انگریزی مَنٛز واریاہ البم رلیز کرمژ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=دانلود آهنگ از شکیلا {{!}} موزیک دانلود|url=http://bo2bo3.com/tag/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%A2%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%B4%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7|access-date=2023-04-15|language=fa-IR}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|url=http://www.iranreview.org/content/Documents/Persian_Traditional_Music.htm|access-date=2023-04-15|website=www.iranreview.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Winners-Sept-2015|url=https://www.globalmusicawards.com/Winners-Sept-2015.html|access-date=2023-04-15|website=www.globalmusicawards.com|archive-date=2023-04-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415215313/https://www.globalmusicawards.com/Winners-Sept-2015.html|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415215313/https://www.globalmusicawards.com/Winners-Sept-2015.html |date=2023-04-15 }}&lt;/ref&gt; تم چھ بنیٲدی طورس پؠٹھ روحانیت، محبت، امن، تہٕ بیدٲن پؠٹھ گیتھ کران۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=شکیلا - خواننده|url=https://www.aftabir.com/articles/view/art_culture/music/c5c1193480453_shakila_p1.php/شکیلا-خواننده|access-date=2023-04-15|website=Aftabir.com|language=fa}}&lt;/ref&gt; تمن گیتن ہینز لِکسٹ چھ رومی تہٕ باقی اہم شاعرن سٟتؠ مُتٲثِر۔ تم چھ گرمی ایوارڈزس مَنٛزسَرکٲرؠ ووٹنگ ممبر تہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Shakila Artist Profile {{!}} Broadjam.com|url=https://www.broadjam.com/shakila|access-date=2023-04-15|website=Broadjam|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== کیریئر ==
شکیلا گوو پننہٕ پیشہ ورانہٕ کیریئر نو وٲرین مَنٛز شۆروٗع ییلہٕ تیمس اَکھ ایرانی ٹیلی وِجَن شو مَنٛز پرفارم کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ دعوت دیٛت۔ پتہٕ، تم سٟتؠ گٲی سان ڈیاگو، ییتھ پؠٹھ تیم پالمار کالجس مَنٛز موٗسیٖقی ہنٛد مطالعہٕ کۆر۔ شکیلا گوو 1990 مَنٛز پننہٕ ڈیبیوٹ البم ''کامی با مَن مورادا کون'' شایَع۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Became a professional singer in 1990, by releasing her first album &quot;Kami Ba Man Modara Kon&quot;|url=http://www.honaraks.com/shakila-profile/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==مٔزیٖد وُچھِو==
*[[سُریندر کور]]
*[[ڈاکٹر باسنتی بِشت]]
*[[اقبال باہو]]
*[[گُلاب بائی]]
*[[شوکت علی خان]]

== حولہ ==
{{ حَوالہٕ }}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>oy4tb64hafvc8fx25kzddvw92rvvz8l</sha1>
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        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147635</origin>
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      <text bytes="4528" sha1="248pzvoau7u082wqeh6ovybpqq9dd57" xml:space="preserve">{{Multiple issues|
{{Underlinked|date=اَپریل 2023}}
{{Orphan|date=اَپریل 2023}}
}}
{{مولوٗماتھ}}
سِما بِنا (فارسی: سیما بینا، سِما بِنا، 4 جَنؤری 1945 مَنٛز پیدٕ) چھ اَکھ [[ایٖران|ایرانی]] روایتی موسیقار، کمپوزر، محقق، پینٹر تہٕ وۄستاد، یَس ریڈیو ڈبلیو ڈی آر جرمنی &quot;ایرانی لوٗکہٕ موٗسیٖقی ہٕنٛز گرینڈ لیڈی&quot; ونان چھِ۔ بِنا ہنز پرفارمنگ آرٹس مَنٛز کیریئر چھ پانژو دہٲیو کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ عرصس پؠٹھ محیط۔ بِنا چھ تَقریٖبَن متھل ایرانی لوکہٕ بٲتھ تہٕ میلوڈین ہنٛد اَکھ مجموعہ جمع کٔرِتھ تہٕ بحال کٔرِتھ۔ تیم کوٚر یمن ہنٛز اصلس پؠٹھ وسیع تحقیق، یَتھ مَنٛز مَقبوٗل علاقٲیی موٗسیٖقی جمع، ریکارڈنگ، تحریر تہٕ دوبارٕہ تشریح شٲمل چھِ۔ تیم سٕنز کامہِ چھِ ایرانِچ لوک موٗسیٖقی ہُنٛد پورٕ سپیکٹرم بشمول مزندرانِ موٗسیٖقی، کرد موٗسیٖقی، ترکمن موٗسیٖقی، بلوچ موٗسیٖقی، لور موٗسیٖقی، شیرازی موٗسیٖقی، بختیار موٗسیٖقی، تہٕ شمالی تہٕ جۆنوٗبی خراسانک موٗسیٖقی شٲمل۔

== ابتدائی زندگی تہٕ کیریئر ==
برجند، خراسانس مَنٛز، مَقبوٗل روایتچ دلس مَنٛز، تمو کوٚر پننہٕ کیریئر نو وٲریہٕ مَنٛز ایرانی ریڈیو مَنٛز شۆروٗع، پننہٕ باپتھ، احمد بینا  ⁇ ، اَکھ ماسٹر آف ایرانی کلاسیکی موٗسیٖقی تہٕ شٲیِر یم پننین گۄڈنیُٛک واریاہ گیتن لیوکھن۔ بینا نے عظیم ماسٹرز یَتھ مَنٛز زَن ماروفی تہٕ زارین پانژھس سٟتؠ ریڈف ریپروٹری تہٕ آواز ووکل تکنیک ہنٛد مطالعہٕ۔ تمو کوٚر پننہٕ سولو پروگرام، گولہائی صحرائی (سرتھک پھول) حٲصل، یمن مَنٛز ایرانک مختلف علاقن سٟتؠ لوک گیتن تہٕ موٗسیٖقی ہنٛد مجموعہٕ پیش۔
1969 مَنٛز تہران یونیورسٹیس پؠٹھ گریجویشن کرنہٕ پتہٕ، فنون لطیفس مَنٛز ماسٹر سِما بینا کوٚر پننہٕ میوزیکل مطالعہٕ جاری، تہٕ ماسٹر داوامی کہ ہدایت نامہٕ تحت کوٚر ریڈفک پننہٕ علم کامل۔ 1993 پیٹھہٕ، تمو کوٚر تہوارن مَنٛز پننہٕ موٗسیٖقی دنیاہس مَنٛز ادا کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ دعوت قبول تہٕ فارسی کلاسیکی موٗسیٖقی ہینز کنسرٹس منظم۔ تم چھِ فی الحال کولن، جرمنی تہٕ تہران، ایرانس درمیان روزان۔ &lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=نگاهی گذرا به زندگی سیما بینا – DW – ۱۳۸۸/۱۱/۳|url=https://www.dw.com/fa-ir/%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C-%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7/a-5161881|access-date=2023-04-15|website=dw.com|language=fa}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== ایرانی لولنگ ==
اِرٲنی لوک گٲنٛگہٕ ہنز پیروی کرنس دوران، سِما بِنا ٲس اکثر نسلی لُل گٲنٛگہٕ سٟتؠ ملان یم سُہٕ سُہٕ سُہٕ سٕنز مجموعہٕ کٲمس مَنٛز شٲمِل کوٚر۔ یہٕ مجموعہٕ کوٚر بالآخر 2009 مَنٛز اِرٲنی لُل گٲنٛگہٕ نامٕ وٲل کتابہٕ بناونس پٔدٕ۔ اَتھ کتابس مَنٛز، بِنا چھِ نہ صرف پننہٕ نتٲئج، پننہٕ تصور، نمٲئشی تہٕ منتخب لُل گٲنٛگہٕ ہنز بصری اظہارٕ مٲرین سٟتؠ شیئر کران، بلکہ چھِ ژور جلدن مَنٛز چھِ ژورٕ اصل اِرٲنی لُل گٲنٛگہٕ تہٕ پیش کران، یتہٕ یمن مَنٛز پننہٕ آوازن بعض اوقات اِرٲنی ہنٛد گٲنٛگہٕ سٟتؠ ملاونہٕ یوان، یم یمن سٟتؠ اِرٲنی ہُنٛد مختلف حصن مَنٛز لُل
== بیٚیہِ وچھو==
[[مہاسٹی]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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{{حَوالہٕ وَرٲے}}

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{{مولوٗماتھ|bgcolor=#3277a8|titletextcolor=White}}
فاطمہ سولیتی نایبی (فارسی: فاطمه صولتی نایبی) ، یُس پننہٕ آرٹ نام Shohreh (فارسی: شهره) سٟتؠ زاننہٕ چھِ یوان، چھِ اَکھ ایرانی گلوکار۔ ایرانس مَنٛز اسلامی انقلابہٕ پتہٕ، تم چھِ پننہٕ موٗسیٖقی ہنٛد کیریئر جلاوطن مَنٛز جاری تھاوان۔
شہرھ سولیتی، یۄس تہرانس مَنٛز 4 جَنؤری 1950 مَنٛز فنکارن تہٕ تفریحی فنکارن ہنٛد اَکھ خوشحال خاندانس مَنٛز مول اوس، شہرھن ژور سٟنٛز گیت گیت گیت گیتن مَنٛز دلچسپی۔ پتہٕ کوٚر تیم تہران کنزرویٹری آف میوزک مَنٛز تٲلیٖم حٲصِل، یتہٕ تیم گیت گیت تہٕ کلینٹس مَنٛز تربیت حٲصِل۔ تیم سٟنٛد گۄڈنُیٛک البم دوختر-ای-مشریغی (فارسی زبانس مَنٛز &quot;شرقی گرل&quot; چھُ) اوس کامیاب، یم کنہہ مشہوریت حٲصل کوٚر۔ 1970 کس دہائی مَنٛز ایرانک ینہٕ خٲطرٕ موصل رسالینن تہٕ گلوکارس نش بے نقاب۔ 1979 مَنٛز انقلاب برونٹھ، شہرھ ایرانس امریکہس مَنٛز کنسرٹسچ اَکھ سلسلہٕ مَنٛز ادا کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ گٲی، تہٕ نوٕچ قیادتک ذریعہٕ فنکارن پؠٹھ لگٲن وٲل پابندین ہُنٛد وجہ سٟتؠ، تیم آیہٕ نہٕ واپس گژھتھ۔ لہذا وقتہٕ خٲطرٕ، تیم کوٚر نیویارک
تاہم، پننہٕ لُڑکی ہنٛز پٲدٲیِش پتہٕ، شوہرہٕ گوو پننہٕ پیشہ ورانہٕ کیریئرس مَنٛز زیٛادٕ ملوث۔ نیویارک سٹی پؠٹھ پَتہٕ، شوہرہٕ گٲی 1982 مَنٛز لاس اینجلس، 1970 کس دہائیک جلاوطن ایرانی موٗسیٖقی انڈسٹری سٟتؠ آباد، یم تہٕ اَتھ شہرس مَنٛز آباد۔ گیت لکھن والین، کمپوزر تہٕ آرکیجرنسن سٟتؠ کٲم کٔرِتھ، تیمن کٔر تہٕ واریاہ نٔوؠ البم نِش۔ یمن مَنٛز زیٛادٕ تر البم ٲس صرف چند وٕریو برونٹھ ایرانی زندگی ہُنٛد سنہری وٕریو ؤریو پؠٹھ حسرتھ۔ تہٕ امہٕ سٟتؠ گو شوہرہٕ سنٛد شہرتک فروغ وٲل واریاہ وسیع سامعینس اپیل۔ شوہرہٕ سنٛد موٗسیٖقی مَنٛز ایران خٲطرٕ خواہش گوٚو جدوجہد کرن وٲل ایرانیو مَنٛز مضبوط یکجہد قٲیِم یم پننہٕ گیتس مَنٛز راحت پَن۔ اَتھ دورس دوران تیم سٟنٛد مَشہوٗر البم چِن سیدا
تاہم، یہٕ اوس نہٕ زن (1994) کہ البمچ رہائی تام زین کہِ ذریعہِ کہِ ذریعہِ کہِ ذریعہِ تیمن ناقدین ہندِ طرفہٕ چھُ واضح طور پأنٹھ مثبت جائزہٕ حٲصل آمت کرنہٕ۔ اَتھ البمس مَنٛز تیم سٟنٛز گٔیہ نہ صرف زنانن ہندِ حقوقن ہُنٛد بڑس اعترافس پؠٹھ روشنی ڈالوٕن بلکہ تمن کوٚر زنانن ہندِس ڈیوٹی ہُنٛد اہمیتس تہِ زور۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:ایٖرٲنی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2061" sha1="7qdc09mt9y5f34pldqivhkcg2r0eh9q" xml:space="preserve">[[File:HWB-NMR_-_900MHz_-_21.2_Tesla.jpg|right|thumb|309x309px| HWB-NMR، برنگھم، [[یونایٹِڑ کِنگڈَم|یونایٹِڈ کِنگڈَمَس]] مَنٛز 21.1 [[ٹیسلا (میٖژ)|ٹیسلا]] مؠقناطیٖس سٟتؠ 900 MHz NMR آلہٕ.]]
نیوکِلیر میگنِٹِک ریزونینٕس سُپیکٹراسکوپی، یَتھ عام طور این ایم آر سُپیکٹراسکوپی یا میگنِٹِک ریزونینٕس سُپیکٹراسکوپی (ایم آر ایس) وَنان چھِ، چھِ ایٹم نیوکِلیسن آس پاس مُقٲمی مؠقناطیٖسی مٲدانُک مُعٲینہٕ  کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اَکھ سُپیکٹراسکوپی تکنیک۔ یہٕ سُپیکٹراسکوپی چھِ [[ریڈیو فریکوینسی]] علاقس مَنٛز تَقریٖبَن 4 پؠٹھ 900 میگاہرٹز تام الیکٹرو میگنیٹک تابکاری ہنٛد جذبچ پیمائشس پؠٹھ مبنی۔ [[مؠقناطیٖسی مٲدان|مؠقناطیٖسی مٲدانٕچ]] موجودگی مَنٛز چھِ [[ریڈیو لہَرَن|ریڈیو لہَرَ]] جذٕب گَژھان تہٕ اَمہِ پَتہٕ چھِ اکہِ خاص قسمٕچ نیوکِلیر ٹرانزیشن گژھان، تہٕ اَتھ وجہ سٟتؠ چھُ اَمہِ قسمٕچ سُپیکٹراسکوپی نیوکِلیر میگنِٹِٹک ریزونینٕس سُپیکٹراسکوپی ونان۔.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|author=Charles P. Slichter|title=Principles of magnetic resonance: with examples from solid state physics|url=https://archive.org/details/principlesofmagn0000char|date=1963|publisher=Harper &amp; Row|isbn=9783540084761|author-link=Charles Pence Slichter}}&lt;/ref&gt; نمونہٕ چھُ مؠقناطیسی مٲدانس مَنٛز دٲخل کرنہٕ یوان تہٕ NMR سگنل چھِ نیوکِلیس جوشَس مَنٛز اَنہٕ یِوان ریڈیو لہرو سٟتؠ نیوکلیئر مقناطیسی گونجس مَنٛز۔ یم حساس ریڈیو ریسیور سٟتؠ پتہ رَٹنہِ چھِ یِوان.۔</text>
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[[فَیِل:Map_of_populous_North_America_(physical,_political,_population).jpg|thumb|2018 ہس مطٲبق  سیاسی تہٕ آبادی ہٕنٛد خصوصیات وول آبادی وار شمالی امریکہک نقشہٕ]]
'''شمالی امریکہ''' چھُ شمٲلی نصف کرہس مَنٛز اَکھ [[بَرِاعَظٕم|براعظم]] تہٕ تَقریٖبَن مکمل طورس پؠٹھ مغربی نصفکرس اندر۔ [lower-alpha 2] یہٕ چھِ شمالس مَنٛز [[آرکٹک سمندر|آرٹک سمندر]] سٟتؠ، مشرقس مَنٛز اٹلانٹک [[آرکٹک سمندر|سمندر]] سٟتؠ، جۆنوٗب مشرقی طرفہٕ جۆنوٗبی امریکہ تہِ کیریبین سمندرٕ سٟتؠ تہٕ مغرب تہ جنوبس تام بحرالکاہل سٟتؠ سرحد تھاوان۔ چونکہ یہٕ چھُ شمٲلی امریکی ٹیکٹونک پلیٹ پؠٹھ، گرین لینڈ چھِ جغرافیائی طور شمألی امریکہک حصس مَنٛز شٲمل۔

شُمٲلی امریکہ چھُ تَقریٖبَن 24,709,000 مربع کلومیٹر (9,540,000 مربی میٖل) ہنٛد علاقہٕ، زمینک تقریبا 16.5% [[بُتہٕ راتھ|زمینی]] علاقس تہٕ تقریبا 4.8% امک کل سطحس ہنٛدس علاقن پؠٹھ محیط۔ شمالی امریکہ چھُ [[ایشیا]] تہٕ [[اَفرٛیٖقا|افریقہٕ]] پتہٕ علاقہِ کہِ لحاظٕہ چھِ ترٛیُم سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ بوڑ براعظم، تہِ آبٲدی کہٕ لحاظہٕ چَھ ایشیا، افریقا تہُ [[یوٗرَپ|یورپس]] پتہِ ژورمِس نمبرس پؠٹھ۔ 2013 مَنٛز ٲس امچ آبادی تَقریٖبَن 579 ملین  23 آزاد ریاستن مَنٛز  لوکن ہنٛد تخمینہٕ لگاونہٕ آمت، یا دنیاہک تقریبا 7.5 فیصد آبادی۔ &lt;ref name=&quot;MoC&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Lewis|first=Martin W.|title=The Myth of Continents|url=https://archive.org/details/mythofcontinents0000lewi|last2=Wigen|first2=Karen E.|publisher=University of California Press|year=1997|isbn=0-520-20742-4|page=[https://archive.org/details/mythofcontinents0000lewi/page/168 168]|chapter=Chapter One, The Architecture of Continents|author-link2=Kären Wigen}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Burchfield, R۔ W., ed۔ 2004. &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;McArthur, Tom۔ 1992.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=16 May 2016|title=Common Errors in English Usage|url=https://brians.wsu.edu/2016/05/16/american/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424154758/https://brians.wsu.edu/2016/05/16/american/|archive-date=24 April 2022|access-date=4 April 2022|publisher=Prof Paul Brians, Washing State University}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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&lt;/mapframe&gt;'''چار چینار،''' یَتھ کُنہِ ساتہٕ '''چار چناری،''' '''روپا لنک''' یا روپ لنکس تہٕ ونان چھِ، چھُ جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر، [[سِریٖنَگَر|سری]] نگر، دل سَرس مَنٛز اَکھ جزیرٕ۔ ڈل سَرس مَنٛز چھِ 3 جزیرٕ شٲمل، یمن مَنٛز زٕ چھِ خوبصورت [[بوٗنؠ|بۄنہِ کُلؠو]] سٟتؠ نشان زد۔ لۄکُٹ ڈَلس پؠٹھ واقع جزیرٕ چھُ روف لنک (سلور جزیرہ) ناوٕ سٟتؠ تہِ زاننہٕ یوان، تہٕ ژور کوٗنَن پؠٹھ چھِ شاندار بۄنہِ کُلؠن ہنز موجودگی سٟتؠ نشان زد، یَتھ پٲٹھؠ چھِ اَتھ چار چِنار ونان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|year=1994|title=The Geographer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=twRLAAAAYAAJ&amp;q=%22char+chinari%22+-wikipedia&amp;dq=%22char+chinari%22+-wikipedia|journal=The Geographer|volume=41|page=24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Sharma2008&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Sharma|first=Shiv|title=India - A Travel Guide|url=https://archive.org/details/travelguide0000drbr|publisher=Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd.|year=2008|isbn=9788128400674|pages=816}}
&lt;/ref&gt; دوٚیم چِنار جزیرٕ یُس سون لینک (گولڈ جزیرٕ) کہ ناو سٟتؠ تہِ زاننہٕ چھُ یوان، چھُ بٕڈِس ڈَل (بگ ڈیل) مَنث واقع تہٕ چھہِ حَضرتبل مقامس پؠٹھ نظر یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Sharma2008&quot; /&gt;

== تَوٲریٖخ ==
موراد بکش، مغل شہنشاہ اورنگزیبُک جۆر چار چِنار تعمیر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.kashmirmonitor.in/Details/128226/the-lost-charm-of-char-chinari|title=The lost charm of Char Chinari|accessdate=2018-06-17|language=en-US|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180618002859/https://www.kashmirmonitor.in/Details/128226/the-lost-charm-of-char-chinari|archivedate=18 June 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[فَیِل:Char_Chinar_at_Dal_Lake_1.jpg|right|thumb|ڈل سَرس مَنٛز چار چِنار]]

== گیلری ==
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;220&quot;&gt;
Char_Chinar.jpg
A_view_of_Dal_Lake_with_Chinar_islands.jpg
Char_Chinar_-_panoramio.jpg
Char_Chinar_at_Dal_Lake_2.jpg
India_-_Srinagar_-_019_-_Char_Chinar_Island_on_Dal_Lake.jpg
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==

== بیٖروٗنی لِنکہٕ ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120307145143/http://www.rangan-datta.info/photo/viewpic.php?gallery=23&amp;id=31 چار چِنار (روپا لنک) سٕندِس تصویر]
* [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Char_Chinar_at_Dal_Lake,_Kashmir.JPG چار چِنار (یونگ کیانون) سٕندِس تصویر]
* [http://umarzaz.com/kashmir-beauty/ کشمیر] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128225749/http://umarzaz.com/kashmir-beauty/ |date=2019-01-28 }} بیوٹی-چینار Archives  at 
* [https://holidayshunt.com/blog/char-chinar-dal-lake/487/ چار چینار ڈل جھیل، سری نگر کشمیر] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208070726/https://holidayshunt.com/blog/char-chinar-dal-lake/487/ |date=2021-12-08 }}
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر]]
[[زٲژ:Coordinates on Wikidata]]</text>
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[[فَیِل:Pentacene_on_Ni(111)_STM.jpg|thumb|پینٹاسین مالیکیوٗلن ہٕنٛز اکھ سکینِگ ٹنلنگ مایکروسکوپی تَصویٖر۔]]
[[فَیِل:TOAT_AFM.png|thumb|1,5,9-trioxo-13-azatriangulene تہٕ اَمیِک کیٖمیٲیی ڈانچَن ہنز AFM تَصویٖر۔]]
اَکھ '''کنٕوَٹ''' چھٕ سۆمبرَن آسان زٕ یا زیٛادٕ [[کنہٕ|کنہٕ پھٔلؠن]] ہٕنٛز یٕم پانہٕ وٲنؠ [[رساێن]] [[بَل]] سٟتؠ چھٕ باندَو کٔرِتھ آسان، اصطلاحس مَنٛز ہیٚکہِ یِمَن [[اَیان (کیٖمیا)|اَیان]] شٲمِل گژھتھ یا نہٕ کیٚنٛہہ.۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ebbin, Darrell D.|title=General Chemistry|url=https://archive.org/details/generalchemistry0000geor|date=1990|publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin Co.]]|isbn=978-0-395-43302-7|edition=3rd|location=Boston}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Brown, T.L.|url=https://archive.org/details/studentlectureno00theo|title=Chemistry – the Central Science|last2=Kenneth C. Kemp|last3=Theodore L. Brown|last4=Harold Eugene LeMay|last5=Bruce Edward Bursten|date=2003|publisher=[[Prentice Hall]]|isbn=978-0-13-066997-1|edition=9th|location=New Jersey|url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Chang|first=Raymond|url=https://archive.org/details/chemistry00chan_0|title=Chemistry|date=1998|publisher=[[McGraw Hill]]|isbn=978-0-07-115221-1|edition=6th|location=New York|url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Zumdahl, Steven S.|title=Chemistry|url=https://archive.org/details/chemistry0004zumd|date=1997|publisher=Houghton Mifflin|isbn=978-0-669-41794-4|edition=4th|location=Boston}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

اَکھ مالیکیول ہیکہٕ ہومونوکلیئر ٲسِتھ، یعنی سُہ ہیٚکہِ اَکہِ [[کیٖمیٲیی عُنصَر|کیٖمیٲیی عُنصر]] کیٛن اؠٹمَن پؠٹھ مُشتَمِل ٲسِتھ، مِثال [[آکسیجَن|آکسیٖجَن]] مالیکولس مَنٛز چھِ زٕ اؠٹَم (O2)؛ یا ہیٚکہِ یہِ ہیٹرو نیوکلیکلر ٲسِتھ، ہعنے اَکھ [[کیٖمیٲیی مُرَکَب]] یُس اَکہِ عُنصَر کھوتہٕ زیٛادَن پؠٹھ مشتمل آسہِ، مِثال کہِ [[آب]] (زٕ [[ہایڈروجَن]] اؠٹم تہٕ اَکھ [[آکسیجَن]] اؠٹَم؛ H2O) ۔ [[گیسن ہُنٛد کینیٹک نظریہٕ|گیسن ہٕندِ کینیٹک تھیوری]] مَنٛز چھُ لَفٕظ ''مالیکیوٗل'' اکثر کُنہِ تہِ گیش عُنصَر خٲطرٕ اِستِمال گَژھان۔ یہِ چھِ اَمہِ ضرورت ہٕنٛز ناکٲری کران زِ اَکھ مالیکیوٗل چھُ زٕ یا زیٛادٕ اؠٹمَن ہُنٛد بَنیومُت آسان، تِکیٛازِ [[نوبَل گیس]] چَھ اِنفِرٲدی اؠٹَم آسان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Chandra|first=Sulekh|title=Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry|date=2005|publisher=New Age Publishers|isbn=978-81-224-1512-4}}&lt;/ref&gt; ایٹم تہٕ کَمپلیکٕس یم غٲر کوالینٹ تالمیل سٟتؠ جوڈِٹھ آسان چھِ، یَتھ کٔنؠ [[ہایڈروجَن بانڈ]] یا [[اَیانِک بانڈ]] چھِنہٕ وٲحِد مالیکیوٗل سمٕجھنہٕ یوان۔

مالیکیولن ہیوے حَیالَن ہُنٛد تَصوُر اوس قدیٖم زمانہٕ پؠٹھ بحث مَنٛز، مگر مالیکیوٗلَن تہٕ یمن ہنٛد بانڈن متعلق جٔدیٖد تٔحقیٖق گے 17مہ صٔدی مَنٛز شۆروٗع۔ وَقتَس سٟتؠ سٟتؠ رابرٹ بویل، امیڈیو ایواگادرو، جین پرین، تہٕ لینس پالنگ  سایِنس دانو کٔر تٔحقیٖق، [[مالیکیولر فیزکٕس|مالیکیوٗلن]] ہنٛد مُطالہٕ چھُ اَز کل مالیکیوٗلر 

ٕفزکس یا مایوٗلرکول کیمسٹطور ٹھ زاننہٕ یوان۔</text>
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'''بوٗنؠ''' یَتھ ساینسی زَبٲنؠ مَنٛز [[پلاطنس اوورینٹلیس|پلاطنس '''اوورینٹلیس''']]، '''پرٛانہِ دُنیاہُک سِکامور''' وَنان چھِ'''،''' چھُ پلاٹانیسی خاندانُک بۆڈ '''[[کُلؠ کٔٹؠ|کُل]]''' یُس {{Convert|30|m|ft|0}} یا اَمہِ کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ بڑان چھُ، تہٕ  زیٖٹھ وٲنس تہِ پھیلاو خٲطرٕ چھُ مَشہوٗر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;RHSAZ&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants|url=https://archive.org/details/azencyclopediaof0000unse|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|year=2008|isbn=978-1405332965|location=United Kingdom|pages=1136}}&lt;/ref&gt; ہَرُد کالَس مَنٛز چھُ اَمیُک پَن [[سَبٕز (رنٛگ)|سَبٕز]] پؠٹھ خوٗنی [[وۄزُل|وَرُل]] تہٕ [[لیۆدُر (رنٛگ)|لِدُر]] گَژھان۔

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:کُلؠ]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2192" sha1="o11vhuo8c243ko4f3ptchifmsldc7yv" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ}}
'''''ڈولومیا کوسٹس،''''' یَتھ گۄڈٕ '''''ساوسوریا کوسٹس''''' وَنان ٲسؠ، عام طور کوسٹس ، ہِندوستٲنؠ کوسٹس  ،'''کۄٹھ'''، یا '''پٹچک''' کہٕ ناوس سٟتؠ چھِ زانہٕ یِوان، چھِ [[جنوبی ایشیا]] تہٕ [[چیٖن|چیٖنس]] مَنٛز مُقٲمی ''ڈولومیا'' جینسٕچ مَنٛز اَکھ زٲژ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Kasana|first=Shruti|last2=Dwivedi|first2=Mayank D.|last3=Uniyal|first3=Prem L.|last4=Pandey|first4=Arun K.|date=2020-06-25|title=An updated circumscription of ''Saussurea'' (Cardueae, Asteraceae) and allied genera based on morphological and molecular data|url=https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.450.2.3|journal=Phytotaxa|volume=450|issue=2|pages=173–187|doi=10.11646/phytotaxa.450.2.3|issn=1179-3163}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'', 3rd edition, 2007, [http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/155208 ''s.v.'']&lt;/ref&gt; کٔشیٖر ہٕنٛد ریشی صوٗفی ٲس یہِ کھؠوان۔ اَمہِ پؠٹھ نیرن وول تیل چھُ قدیٖم زمانہٕ پؠٹھ روایتی دوا تہٕ خوشبو خٲطرٕ اِستِمال کَرنہٕ آمُت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;lohn&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Birgit Lohberger|last2=Beate Rinner|last3=Nicole Stuendl|last4=Heike Kaltenegger|last5=Bibiane Steinecker-Frohnwieser|last6=Eva Bernhart|last7=Ehsan Bonyadi Rad|last8=Annelie Martina Weinberg|last9=Andreas Leithner|last10=Rudolf Bauer|last11=Nadine Kretschmer|name-list-style=amp|year=2013|title=Sesquiterpene Lactones Downregulate G2/M Cell Cycle Regulator Proteins and Affect the Invasive Potential of Human Soft Tissue Sarcoma Cells|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=8|issue=6|pages=e66300|bibcode=2013PLoSO...866300L|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0066300|pmc=3682952|pmid=23799090|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;samba&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=A.V.S.S. Sambamurty|title=Taxonomy of Angiosperms|url=https://archive.org/details/lbg.583.sam.4938|publisher=I. K. International Pvt. Ltd.|year=2005|isbn=9788188237166|page=[https://archive.org/details/lbg.583.sam.4938/page/417 417]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}</text>
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      <text bytes="1696" sha1="7jkqamokxfw37zuap5qm42rsw2gh9of" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Lempäälä_Red_Guard.jpg|thumb|1918 کہ فینیش خانہٕ جَنٛگی دوران ریڈ گارڈزٕک رُکُن ۔]]
[[File:The_destruction_wrought_on_Granollers_after_raid.jpg|thumb|سپینش خانہٕ جَنٛگی دوران 31 میٔی 1938 جرمن ہوٲیی جہاز کہ ذٔریعہٕ تباہ کُن صورت حال ۔]]
'''خانہٕ جَنٛگی''' چھ اکسی ریاستس یا مُلکَس اندر مُنظَم جمٲژن دَرمِیان [[جَنٛگ]]۔
اکہ طَرفُک مَقصَد ہیٚکہِ کُنہِ علاقٕچ آزٲدی حٲصِل کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ، یا ملک یا علاقُک اِختیار حٲصِل کَرُن یا سرکٲری پالیسیہٕ بدلاوُن ٲسِتھ ۔

زیٛادٕ تَر جٔدیٖد خانہ جنگی مَنٛز چھ بیٖروٗنی طاقتَن ہُنٛد مداخلتھ شٲمِل آسان۔ 

خانہ جنگی چھ اَکھ زبردست کشمکش یَتھ مَنٛز اکثر باقاعدٕ بندوک بردار فوج شٲمِل آسان چھِ یِم مُنظم تہٕ بٕڈِس پیمانَس پؠٹھ برقرار چھِ روزان ۔ خانہٕ جنٛگی ہُنٛد نٔتیٖجہٕ ہیٚکہِ واریاہ ہلاکتہٕ تہٕ اہم وسٲیلن ہٕنٛز کھپتُک سبب بٔنِتھ ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;hironaka3&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Hironaka|first=Ann|title=Neverending Wars: The International Community, Weak States, and the Perpetuation of Civil War|url=https://archive.org/details/neverendingwarsi0000hiro|date=2005|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=0-674-01532-0|location=Cambridge, Mass.|page=[https://archive.org/details/neverendingwarsi0000hiro/page/3 3]}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>یوسف القرضاوی</title>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="11406" sha1="5dguywmg5yx2qmyrwubddd3mndhjy8m" xml:space="preserve">'''یوسف القرضاوی''' ( 9 سَتَمبَر 1926 - 26 سَتَمبَر 2022) اوس دوحا قطرس مَنٛز  اَکھ [[مِصر|مصری]] اسلامی اسکالر تہٕ انٹرنیشنل یونین آف مسلم اسکالرزن ہنٛد چیرمین۔&lt;ref name=&quot;chair&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Qatar-based cleric calls for Egypt vote boycott|date=11 May 2014|last=AFP (news agency)|journal=Yahoo News|url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/qatar-based-cleric-calls-egypt-vote-boycott-192234858.html#9K9eVKw|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140616031315/https://uk.news.yahoo.com/qatar-based-cleric-calls-egypt-vote-boycott-192234858.html|archivedate=16 June 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; تمہ سُنٛد اثر اوس [[ابن تیمیہ]] [[ابن قایٔم الجوزیہ|ابن قیوم]] [[محمد رشید ردہ|سید رشید]] حسن البنا، ابوال حسن علی حسن ندوی، ابوالعلا مودودی تہٕ نایم صدیقی پؠٹھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Shaham|first=Ron|title=Rethinking Islamic Legal Modernism: The Teaching of Yusuf al-Qaradawi|publisher=Brill Publishers|year=2018|isbn=978-90-04-36899-6|location=Boston|pages=5, 57}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Shaham|first=Ron|title=Rethinking Islamic Legal Modernism: The Teaching of Yusuf al-Qaradawi|publisher=Brill Publishers|year=2018|isbn=978-90-04-36899-6|location=Boston|pages=5}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=al-Qaradawi|first=Yusuf|title=Priorities of The Islamic Movement in The Coming Phase|url=https://archive.org/details/prioritiesofisla0000yusu|publisher=Awakening Publications|year=1992|isbn=0953758214|pages=[https://archive.org/details/prioritiesofisla0000yusu/page/n61 60]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=القرضاوي|first=يوسف|url=https://abulhasanalinadwi.org/book/al-sheikh-abulhasan-kama-araftuhu-by-dr-yusuf-qardhawi/|title=الشيخ أبو الحسن الندوي كما عرفته الدكتور}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Al-Qaradawi, Yusuf (2002). Ibn al-Qarya wa-l-Kuttab: Malamih Sira wa-Masira, Vol۔ 1۔ Dar al-Shorouq۔ p۔ 245&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ اوس الجزیرہ ہس پؠٹھ نشر گژھن وٲلؠ پننہ پروگرام الشریعہ والحیاۃ الشریعہ و الحیاہ (الشریعہ تہٕ لائف) باپتھ مشہوٗر یتَھ پورٕ دنیاہَس مَنٛز اندازٕ مُطٲبق 40 - 60 ملین سامعین ٲسؠ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Influential 500&quot;&gt;No.9 Sheikh Dr Yusuf al Qaradawi, Head of the International Union of Muslim Scholars – &quot;The 500 most influential Muslims in the world 2009&quot;, Prof John Esposito and Prof Ibrahim Kalin – Edmund A۔ Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;spiegel&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Smoltczyk|first=Alexander|title=Islam's Spiritual 'Dear Abby': The Voice of Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood|journal=Der Spiegel|date=15 February 2011|url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/islam-s-spiritual-dear-abby-the-voice-of-egypt-s-muslim-brotherhood-a-745526.html|accessdate=11 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ اوس اِسلام آن لایِن ویب سایٹہ خٲطرٕ تہ زاننہٕ یوان یۄس تٔمؠ 1997 مَنٛز بناونَس مَنٛز مدتھ کٔر تہٕ ییٚمہ خٲطرٕ تٔمؠ اہم مذہبی سکالر پٲٹھؠ کٲم کٔر۔

القرضاوی ین کٔر 120 کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ کتابہٕ شایَع یمن مَنٛز دی لافل اینڈ دی ممنوع ان ''اِسلام'' تہٕ اِسلام: دی فیوچر سولائزیشن شٲمِل چھِ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;spiegel&quot;/&gt; تٔمس میول اسلامی سکالرشپ مَنٛز پننہ تعاون خٲطرٕ ٲٹھ بین الاقوٲمی انعام تہ تہٕ سہ اوس ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ اثر دار اسلامی سکالرزو مَنٛز اَکھ ماننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Influential 500&quot;&gt;No.9 Sheikh Dr Yusuf al Qaradawi, Head of the International Union of Muslim Scholars – &quot;The 500 most influential Muslims in the world 2009&quot;, Prof John Esposito and Prof Ibrahim Kalin – Edmund A۔ Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Product Description: The Global Mufti: The Phenomenon of Yusuf Al-Qaradawi (Paperback)by Bettina Graf (Author, Editor), Jakob Skovgaard-Petersen (Editor) C Hurst &amp; Co Publishers Ltd (20 July 2009)|id={{ASIN|1850659397|country=uk}}}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Raymond William Baker, Islam Without Fear: Egypt and the New Islamists (2003), p.4&lt;/ref&gt; القرضاوی اوس اخوان المسلمون ، اَکھ مصری سیٲسی تنظیم ، ہنٛز فکری قیادتس مَنٛز اَکھ نمایاں کردار ادا کران حالانکہ تم اوس نہٕ ؤنؠ بار بار یہِ ونان ز سہ چھ نہٕ ؤن رکن تہٕ زٕ لٹہ (1976 تہٕ 2004 مَنٛز) کور تنظیمس مَنٛز سرکٲری کردارچ پیشکش ٹھکراونہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Olivier Guitta|date=20 February 2006|title=The Cartoon Jihad: The Muslim Brotherhood's project for dominating the West|url=http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/006/704xewyj.asp|publisher=[[The Weekly Standard]]|pages=Volume 11, Issue 22|access-date=18 July 2023|archive-date=16 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016221242/http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/006/704xewyj.asp|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AnaSoage&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Ana Belén Soage|date=March 2008|title=Shaykh Yusuf Al-qaradawi: Portrait of a Leading Islamic Cleric|url=http://www.rubincenter.org/2008/03/soage-2008-03-05/|url-status=dead|journal=Middle East Review of International Affairs|volume=12|issue=1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106150021/http://www.rubincenter.org/2008/03/soage-2008-03-05/|archive-date=6 January 2016|access-date=26 October 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Influential 500&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=12 January 2004|title=Al-Qaradawi Turns Down Offer to Assume Leadership of the Muslim Brotherhood|url=http://www.cesnur.org/2004/qaradawi.htm|publisher=[[Al Jazeera]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

القرضاوی اوس کنہ ساتہٕ اعتدال پسند اِسلام پسند قرار دنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Halverson-OBib&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Halverson|first=Jeffry R.|date=24 May 2018|title=Yusuf al-Qaradawi|url=https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0098.xml|access-date=6 December 2020|website=Oxford Bibliographies}}&lt;/ref&gt; تیم سٕند کیانٛہہ خیالات یَتھ مَنٛز زن تیم سٕند اسرائیلس خلاف فلسطینی خودکش بم دھماکن ہنز تائید کٕر مغرب کہ حکومتن ہُنٛد ردعملک سبب: تیمس آو 2008 ہس مَنٛز برطانیہ کہ انٹری ویزٕ سٟتؠ انکار کرنہٕ تہٕ 2012 ہس مَنٛز آو تیمس فرانسس مَنٛز دٲخل گژھنہٕ پؠٹھ پابندی لگاونہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3874893.stm Controversial preacher with 'star status'] BBC article, by agdi Abdelhadi on 7 July 2004&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC 2008-02-07&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Muslim cleric not allowed into UK|date=7 February 2008|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7232398.stm|journal=BBC News|accessdate=8 February 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080211003943/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7232398.stm|archivedate=11 February 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/8301-501714_162-57406376/france-bars-muslim-clerics-from-entering-france/|publisher=CBS News|title=France bars Muslim clerics from entering France|date=29 March 2012|accessdate=29 March 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330195509/http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-501714_162-57406376/france-bars-muslim-clerics-from-entering-france/|archivedate=30 March 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== سَوانِح عُمری ==
[[فَیِل:Yusuf_al-Qaradawi.jpg|left|thumb|القرضاوی اوس تانتا کس آزاری انسٹیٹیوٹس منٛز پننس وقتس دوران۔]]

=== مصرس مَنٛز ===
القرضاوی اوس 9 سَتَمبَر 1926 ہس مَنٛز [[نیل ڈیلٹا]] کِس سافت توراب گٲمس مَنٛز أکِس غریب مُسلمان مزدور خاندانَس مَنٛز  زامُت یُس وۄنؠ  مصرٕک [[گھربیا گورنریٹ|گھربیا گورنری]] مَنٛز  چھُ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Polka2019&quot; /&gt; زٕ ورشہٕ وٲنسہِ مَنٛز گوٚو سُہ یتیم ییٚلہِ أمؠ پنن مول ہوٗر۔ مٲلؠ سٕنٛد مرنہٕ پتہٕ کٔر أمؠ سٕنٛز پرورش ماجہِ تہٕ پٕترن سٕنٛدؠ طرفہٕ۔ دہن ورین وٲنسہ برٛونٛہہ کور تٔمؠ پوٗرٕ [[قُرآن|قرآن پاک]] یاد۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Polka2019&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Polka|first=Sagi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rOiCDwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=Yusuf+al-Qaradawi+september+1926&amp;pg=PA2|title=Shaykh Yusuf al-Qaradawi: Spiritual Mentor of Wasati Salafism|publisher=Syracuse University Press|year=2019|isbn=9780815654803|pages=2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

اَمہِ پَتہٕ کٔر تٔمؠ تانتا ہَس مَنٛز انسٹی ٹیوٹ آف ریلیجیس سٹڈیزس مَنٛز شموٗلیتھ اختیار تہٕ نو ؤرین ہنٛد مطالعہ کرنہٕ پتہٕ کٔرٕن گریجویشن۔ تانتا القرضاوی یس مَنٛز گۄڈنیُٛک لٹہٕ اخوانیاتک بانی حسن البناہس سٟتؠ تمہٕ وقتہٕ گوٚ ملاقات ییٚلہِ البناہن پنٛنہٕ سکولس مَنٛز لیکچر دیت۔ &lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Al-Qaradawi|first=Yusuf|title=Ibn al-Qarya wa-l-Kuttab: Malamih Sira wa-Masira, Vol. 1|publisher=Dar al-Shorouq|year=2002|pages=245}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== نوٹ ==

== بیٖروٗنی لنکہٕ ==

* [https://www.al-qaradawi.net/ سرکٲری ویب سایٹہ پؠٹھ دستیاب۔]
* Yusuf al-Qaradawi on Twitter  – verified account
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090514134224/http://newvision.tc/ القدراوی سٕندین ڪتابن ہُنٛد انگریزی تہٕ فرانسیسی مَنٛز ترجمہٕ۔]
* Wolfgang G۔ Schwanitz: ''عالمی'' مفتی القدراوی ویب ورژن 12 - 2010
* انسداد انتہا پسندی پروجیکٹ [https://www.counterextremism.com/extremists/yusuf-al-qaradawi پروفائل]
* شیخ یوسف القرضاوی: پورٹریٹ آف اے لیڈنگ اسلامسٹ کلیریک اینا بیلین سوگی مڈل ایسٹ ریویو آف انٹرنیشنل افیئرز 12 / 1 (مارٕچ 2008)
* [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1749-8171.2010.00236.x/abstract;jsessionid=CEB7802852E422871B48D8EF98B1ECA0.d02t01?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=&amp;userIsAuthenticated=false شیخ یوسف القرضاوی: اے اعتدال پسند آواز از مسلم ورلڈ]، اینا بیلین سوگی مذہب کمپاس 4 (سَتَمبَر 2010) پی پی 563 - 575۔
* یوسف القرضاوی اور اقلیتیں: سیکھی عدم رواداری Qantara۔ de
* {{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Clips from Qatar TV|url=https://www.memri.org/tv/stations/qatar-tv|website=MEMRI}}
[[زٲژ:2022 وَفات]]
[[زٲژ:Webarchive template wayback links]]
[[زٲژ:گَشتہٕ کَرنہٕ وَرٲے تَرجَمہٕ صَفہٕ]]</text>
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    <title>شاہ عبد الوہاب</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="3371" sha1="fcwlkdm1zu52y02q2hf3uzv6o0fbl33" xml:space="preserve">شاہ عبد الوہاب (9 اکتوبر 1831 - 1921)  اوس اَکھ [[سُنی|سنی اسلامی]] اسکالر تہٕ 19 مہ صٔدی کس ٲخرس تہٕ 20 مہ صٔدی کس اولس مَنٛز [[ہِندوستان|ہندوستان]] کِس جۆنوٗبی حِصَس مَنٛز اصلاح کرن وول۔ شاہ ولی اللہ محمد دہلوی سنٛدؠ پٲٹھؠ اوس سُہ جۆنوٗبی ہندوستانٕک مسلمانن ہنٛز حالتھ متلق فکر مند - خاص طور پٲٹھؠ ناگور تہٕ اَمہِ کین نزدیٖکی علاقن ہنٛدؠ۔ تمہ کٕر 1857 تھس مَنٛز ویلورس مَنٛز مدرسا البقیت الصالہاتٕچ بُنیاد۔&lt;ref name=&quot;mujaddid e junoob&quot;&gt;hazrath fidwee rah, ''அண்ணல் அஃலா ஹள்ரத்(ரஹ்)அழகிய சரிதை – Beautiful History of A'la Hadrath'', Pages 31–48, [[Vellore]] – 632004, Darul Khatib,1992&lt;/ref&gt;

== ابتدٲیی زندگی ==
وہاب اوس 1 جمادع اللہ ہیجری 1247 (19 اکتوبر 1831) ویلورس مَنٛز۔ أمؠ سُنٛد مول عبد القادر صاحب گُزریو ییٚلہِ سُہ 4 وہر اوس مدورائی ہِندوستانَس مَنٛز۔ سُہ گوٚو ویلورس مَنٛز پنٛنہ ماجہ ہنٛد گرٕ مَنٛز تہٕ کٔرٕنؠ تَتہِ ابتدٲیی تٲلیٖم حٲصِل۔

== ابتدٲیی تٲلیٖم ==
[[ویلور|ویلورس]] مَنٛز پنٛنہ ماجہ تہٕ چچا وہابس سٟتؠ نرسری سکولٕچ تٲلیٖم مکمل کرنہٕ پتہٕ کٔرٕن پننہ بنیٲدی سکولٕچ تٲلیٖم حکیم جینل ابیدین نِش حٲصل یُس اَکھ وۄستاد تہٕ [[ڈاکٹَر|ڈاکٹر]] اوس یس أتھ سڑکہ مَنٛز روزان اوس۔ تمہ کٕر پنٕنؠ بنیٲدی تٲلیٖم [[عَربی زَبان|عربی]] تہٕ [[فارسی زَبان|فارسی]] زبانَن مَنٛز مُکمَل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;fatawa baqiyat&quot;&gt;A'la Hadrat, ''பாகியாதுஸ் ஸாலிஹாத்  பத்வாத் தொகுப்பு-ஓர் அறிமுகம் – Compilation of the Islamic Rulings of Al-Baqiyat As-Salihat – An Introduction'', [[Vellore]] – 632004, Madrasa Al-Baqiyat As-Salihat, 1989&lt;/ref&gt;

تمہ وقتٕچ ضۆروٗری تٲلیٖم مُکمَل کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ گوٚو وہاب مدوریی کُن۔ تَتہٕ رود سُہ عبدالصلام ابراہیمس سٟتؠ ۔

سکولٕچ تٲلیٖم مکمل کرنہٕ پَتہٕ آو وہاب ویلور واپَس۔ تٔمؠ کوٚر خادر تہٕ کٔرٕن پننہ خانٛدٲنی زندگی شۆروٗع 15 شابان 1284 ھ [[دۄہ]] گوٚو سُہ حجاز عرب ییٚلہ زن أمہ سنٛد ترٛٮ۪ن 

ین ہنٛد نیٚچو تہٕ خاندان [[ہِندوستان|ہندوستانس]] مَنٛز روز۔&lt;ref name=&quot;fatawa baqiyat&quot;&gt;A'la Hadrat, ''பாகியாதுஸ் ஸாலிஹாத்  பத்வாத் தொகுப்பு-ஓர் அறிமுகம் – Compilation of the Islamic Rulings of Al-Baqiyat As-Salihat – An Introduction'', [[Vellore]] – 632004, Madrasa Al-Baqiyat As-Salihat, 1989&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}
[[زٲژ:1831 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:1921 وَفات]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>صَمد میٖر</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="4168" sha1="2j6rzo3wto9u2dt8x90raa7kzvumgnv" xml:space="preserve">'''صَمد میٖر''' (1893 - 1959) اوس [[کٔشیٖر|کشمیُرک]] اَکھ صوفی شٲیِر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Kashmiri Poets: Samad Mir|url=http://koausa.org/Poets/SamadMir.html|access-date=2017-01-19|website=koausa.org|archive-date=2017-01-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170131192123/http://koausa.org/Poets/SamadMir.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Kashmiri Poets|url=http://www.ikashmir.net/poets/samadmir.html|access-date=2017-01-19|website=www.ikashmir.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== زِندگی ==
میٖر زاو عالم صٲب نروار، [[سِریٖنَگَر]]، [[کٔشیٖر|کشمیرس]] مَنٛز۔ أمہِ سُنٛد مول موج، خألِق میٖر تہٕ نوٗر خالق میٖر ٲسہِ اصلی [[بَڈگوم|بڈگام]] کِس أکِس لۄکٹِس گام، نمبلہارٕكہِ [[درویش]] ۔ تِم گٔیہِ روزی روٹی ہِنٛدِس تلاشس مَنٛز سری نگر۔ أمہِ سُنٛد مول، خالق میٖر، یُس اَکھ صوٗفی [[شٲیِر]] تہِ اوس، گُزریٛوو 1893 تہٕ 1894 تھس درمِیان ۔  میٖرس ٲسؠ زٕ بٲے، رحیٖم تہٕ مُحمد۔ رحیٖم روٗد نرواراہَس مَنٛز، ییٚلہِ زن محمد وُہمہِ وٲنٛسہِ مَنٛز موٗد۔ میٖر اوس وٲحِد یُس پننِس آبٲیی گام، گوالیار واپس آو ۔

میٖرن کٔر سِریٖنَگَر کِس [[ہَری نِواس محل|ہَری نِواس محلس]] (عام طور پٲٹھؠ عظیٖم الشان محل) مَنٛز بطور مزوٗر کٲم۔ أمِس ٲسؠ ترٛے نیٚچِو تہٕ اَکھ کوٗر۔

==شٲیِری تہٕ صوٗفیان==
میٖر اوس اَن پَڑھ، تٔمِس ٲس نہٕ کانٛہہ رسمی تعٲلیٖم حٲصِل۔  تٔمؠ سٕنٛز شٲیِری ٲس واگر، [[بَڈگوم|بڈگامٕکؠ]] علی شاہن نقل کٔرمٕژ۔

میر سٕنٛز شٲیِری ٲس موتی لال ساقی سٕنٛزِ کُلیات صمد میر ناوٕ کِس أکِس مجموعس مَنٛز مرتب کرنہٕ آمٕژ۔ [[جموں اینڈ کشمیر اکیڈیمی آف آرٹ کلچر اینڈ لینگویجز|جموں و کشمیر اکیڈمی آف آرٹ، کلچر اینڈ لینگویجز]] چھِ ژورِ لَٹہِ یہِ مجموعہٕ شایع تہٕ ترمیم کٔرمٕژ۔  میٖر چھُ پننہِ شٲعری مَنٛز [[سَنَسکرٕٛت زَبان|سَنَسکرٕٛت]] تہٕ [[ہِندی]]  الفاظ شٲمِل کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ مشہوٗر، اَکھ یُتھ عمل ییٚمہِ سُہ [[کٲشِر زَبان|کٲشرؠن]] صوٗفی شٲعرن مَنٛز مُمتاز کوٚر۔ میٖرَس پؠٹھ چھُ اَکھ مونوگراف ساہتیہ اکادمی، حوٚکوٗمَتھ ہند طرفہٕ اُردوٗ تہٕ کٲشِرؠ دۄشوٕنی مَنٛز شائعہٕ کرنہٕ آمُت۔  میٖرس چھُ 200 کھۄتہٕ زِیٛادٕ نظمہٕ لیکھنُک سہرا دِنہٕ یِوان۔

صوٗفی رؠوایتَس مُطٲبِق چھِ میر سٕنٛز شٲعری اکثر خوبصوٗرتی تہٕ سچٲیی ہِوؠن تصوُرن پؠٹھ توجہ دِوان۔ اَکھ عام موضوٗع چھُ [[اِسلامَس مَنٛز پٲغَمبر|انبیاء]]، [[وَلی]] تہٕ اِسلام کین صوٗفی بزرگن ہنٛز تٔعٲریٖف۔

==موت ==
میٖر گُزریٛوو 9 جَنؤری 1959 [[نَمبَلہار]] (یَتھ نَمبَلہاڈ تہِ ونان چھِ) مَنٛز پننہِ روزنٕچہِ جایہِ پؠٹھ۔ سُہ آو آگر، نَمبَلہار ([[بَڈگوم ضِلہٕ|بڈگام ضِلعہٕ]]) مَنٛز دفن کرنہٕ، ییٚتہِ امہِ پتہٕ أمؠ سٕنٛدِس اعزازس مَنٛز اَکھ استان کھڑا کرنہٕ آو ۔

== ناماوار کٲم ==
* ''اَکہٕ نَندُن'' (''&quot;وٲحِد نیٚچُو&quot;)''
* پرٛاران پرٛاران تارٕوأتیے
* اِسلٲمی شٲیری ([[نعت]])

== حَوالہٕ ==


[[زٲژ:1959 وَفات]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشُر شٲعِر]]</text>
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    <title>صدام حسین</title>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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صدام حسین (۲۸ اپریل ۱۹۳۷ - ۳۰ ڈؠسمبر ۲۰۰۶)، زانٔنہٕ چھِ یوان۔ صدام ناوٕ سٕتی، ٲسی اَکھ عرٲقی [[سِیاسَتھ|سِیاسَتھ دان]] تہٕ انقلٲبی یس پٲنٛژِم صدر عراقٕکی ۱۹۷۹ تا ۲۰۰۳ ہَس تام۔ یمہٕ چھِ روٗدیمٕتی عراقٕکی وزیر اعظم تہِ، گۄٚڈٕ نیٚتھ ۱۹۷۹ تا ۱۹۹۱ تام تہٕ تمہِ پتہٕ ۱۹۹۴ تا ۲۰۰۳ ہَس تام.

صدام اوس تکریتس نزدیٖک العوجاہس مَنٛز أکس مشہوٗر [[سُنی|سنی مسلمان]] خانٛدانس مَنٛز زامٕتی۔ تٔمؠ کٔر 1957 مَنٛز عرب سوشلسٹ بعث پارٹی تہٕ بغدادس مَنٛز مقیم بعث پارٹی تہٕ اَمچہ علاقٲیی تنظیٖم عراقی بعث پارٹی مَنٛز شمولیت اختیار۔ تمہ کوٚر 17 جُلَے انقلابس مَنٛز اہم کردار ادا تہٕ آو احمد حسن البکر سٕندی طرفہٕ نائب صدر مقرر کرنہٕ۔ بطور نائب صدر پننس وقتس دوران صدامن کۄٚر عراقی معیشت متنوع بناونچ [[عِراق|عراق]] پیٹرولیم کمپنی قومی۔ تمو کوٚر دیمہٕ عراقی - کُرد جنگچ (1974 - 1975) صدارت۔ 1979 مَنٛز البکر سنٛد استعفا پتہٕ ، صدامن تُل رسمی طور پٲٹھؠ اقتدار ، حالانکہ سُہ اوس گۄڈٕ پیٚٹھٕ واریہن ؤرین تام عراقٕک ڈی فیکٹو سربراہ۔ ملکس مَنٛز ٲس اقتدارچ پوزیشنہٕ زیٛادٕ تر سنی عربو سٟتؠ بھرتھ - اَکھ اقلیت یس آبٲدی ہنٛد صرف پانژمس حصس پؠٹھ مشتمل چھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Karsh|first=Efraim|title=Saddam Hussein: A Political Biography|url=https://archive.org/details/saddamhusseinpol0000kars|last2=Rautsi|first2=Inari|publisher=[[Grove Press]]|year=2002|isbn=978-0-8021-3978-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/saddamhusseinpol0000kars/page/38 38]|author-link=Efraim Karsh}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== اِبتدٲیی زندگی تہٕ تعٲلیم ==

== طاقتور سپن ==


''یونائیٹڈ پریس انٹرنیشنلک'' رچرڈ سیلن کوٚر سابق امریکی سفارت کار تہٕ انٹلیجنس اہلکار عادل درویش تہٕ باقی ماہرینن ہنٛدی حوالہٕ دِتھ اطلاع ز قاسم پؠٹھ قتلٕچ ناکام کوشش ٲس یونائیٹڈ سٹیٹس سینٹرل انٹلیجنس ایجنسی (سی آئی اے اے) تہٕ مصری انٹلیجنس کہ درمیان تعاون۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Sale|first=Richard|author-link=Richard Sale (journalist)|date=April 10, 2003|title=Exclusive: Saddam Key in Early CIA Plot|url=https://www.upi.com/Exclusive-Saddam-key-in-early-CIA-plot/65571050017416/|access-date=April 2, 2018|website=[[United Press International]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; عراقس مَنٛز سی آیی اے آپریشنن متعلق معاصر ریکارڈ چھِ درجہٕ بندی یا واریہ زیٛادٕ ترمیٖم شدہ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Osgood p۔ 16&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Osgood|first=Kenneth|title=America and Iraq: Policy-making, Intervention and Regional Politics|publisher=[[Routledge]]|year=2009|isbn=9781134036721|pages=16|chapter=Eisenhower and regime change in Iraq: the United States and the Iraqi Revolution of 1958|quote=The documentary record is filled with holes. A remarkable volume of material remains classified, and those records that are available are obscured by redactions – large blacked-out sections that allow for plausible deniability. While it is difficult to know exactly what actions were taken to destabilize or overthrow Qasim's regime, we can discern fairly clearly what was on the planning table. We also can see clues as to what was authorized.}}&lt;/ref&gt; عام طور چھُ یہِ قبول یوان کرنہٕ ز مصرک کینٛہہ صلٲحیت اوس قتلٕچ کوشش مَنٛز ملوَث تہٕ &quot; امریکہ اوس ناصرس سٟتؠ کنہٕ سطحس پؠٹھ کٲم کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Osgood pp۔ 21–23&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Osgood|first=Kenneth|title=America and Iraq: Policy-making, Intervention and Regional Politics|publisher=[[Routledge]]|year=2009|isbn=9781134036721|pages=21–23|chapter=Eisenhower and regime change in Iraq: the United States and the Iraqi Revolution of 1958}}&lt;/ref&gt; سیل تہٕ درویش سند اکاؤنٹس چھ مورخ برائن آر گبسنن متنازعہ کرمت یم یہٕ نتیجہٕ اخذ چھ کران کہ دستیاب امریکی ڈیکلیسیفائیڈ دستاویزات چھ یہٕ ظاہر کران ز &quot; ییلہٕ زن امریکہ قاسم خَلاف کنہہ پلاٹن سٔتؠ واقف اوس تیمہٕ اوس وونہٕ.

=== جانشینی ===

== نوٹ۔ ==
{{notelist}}

== حَوالہٕ ==

== مزید پٕریٚو ==

== بیرونی کُنٛڈٕ ==

[[زٲژ:2006 وَفات]]
[[زٲژ:Harv and Sfn no-target errors]]</text>
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    <title>ستندر سرتاج</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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ستندر پال سنگھ ، یس ستندر سرتاج کہ ناوٕ ستؠ مشہوٗر چھُ ، چھ اَکھ ہندوستٲنک گلوکار ، نغمہ نگار ، اداکار تہٕ شٲیِر یس بنیٲدی طور پانجیبی گیون تہٕ فلمن سٟتؠ وابستہٕ چھُ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Tribune1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Sufiana Spell|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060217/ttlife.htm#8|journal=The Tribune Lifestyle|location=Chandigarh|date=17 February 2006|accessdate=16 October 2010|first=S.D.|last=Sharma|archivedate=5 July 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705211120/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060217/ttlife.htm#8}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705211120/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060217/ttlife.htm#8 |date=5 July 2017 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Thaindian&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Kapoor|first=Karan|date=30 August 2009|title=Dr. Satinder Sartaj takes Sufism to music lovers across the world|url=http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/feature/dr-satinder-sartaj-takes-sufism-to-music-lovers-across-the-world_100240366.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619113034/http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/feature/dr-satinder-sartaj-takes-sufism-to-music-lovers-across-the-world_100240366.html|archive-date=19 June 2018|access-date=11 April 2018|publisher=Thaindian}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180619113034/http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/feature/dr-satinder-sartaj-takes-sufism-to-music-lovers-across-the-world_100240366.html |date=19 June 2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt; تٔمؠ کٔر پنٛنہ بٲتھ &quot; سای &quot; سٟتؠ شہرت حٲصل۔ اَمہِ پتہٕ کٔر أمؠ پوٗرٕ دنیاہس مَنٛز پرفارم۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Tribune2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Stirring the soul with Sufi music|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2010/20100814/ldh1.htm#6|journal=The Tribune|location=Ludhiana|date=14 August 2010|accessdate=16 October 2010|first=Charu|last=Chhibber}}&lt;/ref&gt; سرتاجن کٔر 2017 ہس مَنٛز دی بلیک پرنسس مَنٛز بطور مہاراجہ دلیپ سنگھ پننہ فلمی شروعات۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <text bytes="4426" sha1="3nz69h3uv2ls6srn24z88tjvjl9vdb6" xml:space="preserve">حنظالہ &lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Alazzeh|first=Ala|title=Struggle and Survival in Palestine/Israel|url=https://archive.org/details/strugglesurvival0000unse_n0i4|date=2012|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-26252-2|editor-last=LeVine|editor-first=Mark|pages=[https://archive.org/details/strugglesurvival0000unse_n0i4/page/427 427]–444|chapter=Abu Ahmad and His Handalas|jstor=10.1525/j.ctt1ppwdk.34|quote=…one of the most popular symbols of Palestinian nationalism.|editor-last2=Shafir|editor-first2=Gershon}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GuardianHandala&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Faber|first=Michel|title=Review: A Child in Palestine: The Cartoons of Naji al-Ali|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/jul/11/child-palestine-cartoons-al-ali|journal=The Guardian|date=10 July 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; (عربی: ہندلعۃ : ہانضالع یا ہندلع) چھُ فلسطینی لوٗکن ہنٛز اَکھ نمایاں قومی علامتھ تہٕ شخصیت۔

یہِ کردار اوس 1969 تھس مَنٛز سیاسی کارٹونسٹ ناجی الالیزن تخلیٖق کوٚرمُت تہٕ گۄڈٕ آو 1973 تھس مَنٛز موجودٕ شکلہ مَنٛز ننہٕ۔ ہنڈالا بنیو ناجی الالی سٕنٛد کارٹونٕچ دستخط تہٕ چھ فلسطینی شناخت تہٕ سرکشی ہنٛز اَکھ نمایاں علامت۔ اَتھ کردارس  &quot; جنگی مزاحمت تہٕ فلسطینی شناخت حیرت انگیز وضاحتس سٟتؠ پیش کرنہٕ آمت۔

اَمیُک ناو چھ Citrullus colocynthis (عربی: محافظ رومنائزڈ: ہان زال) پیٹھہٕ آمُت یُس [[فَلسطیٖن|فلسطین]] کِس علاقس مَنٛز اَکھ بارہماسی کل چھ یُس تلخ پھل چھُ دوان۔

== ابتدایی شایع کَرنہٕ ==
یہِ آو &lt;ref name=&quot;netanya&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Ashley|first=John|last2=Jayousi|first2=Nedal|title=Discourse, Culture, and Education in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict 49 The Connection between Palestinian Culture and the Conflict|url=http://www.netanya.ac.il/englishSite/Centers/DialogueCenter/Academic-publications/Documents/Discourse.pdf|access-date=17 September 2014|website=Netanya Academic Centre|archive-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010072812/http://www.netanya.ac.il/englishSite/Centers/DialogueCenter/Academic-publications/Documents/Discourse.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;GuardianHandala&quot;/&gt; جُلَے 1969 تھس مَنٛز [[کُویت|کویتی]] ''السیسیح'' مَنٛز گۄڈنچہ لٹہ وٕچھنہٕ تہٕ 1973 پیٹھہٕ گوٚڈنچہ لٹہ وٗچھین والؠن کن کمر تہٕ تھون پنٛنس پیٹھہٕ پتہٕ اتھہ۔

== گیلری ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Graffiti_Tel_Aviv,_Ha-Rav_Yitskhak_Yedidya_Frenkel_St-_front.jpg|alt=
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== کتابہٕ ==

* {{Cite journal|last=Singh|first=Ashutosh|date=1 October 2019|title=Time and Waiting: The Fulcrum of Palestinian Identity|journal=Arab Studies Quarterly|volume=41|issue=4|doi=10.13169/arabstudquar.41.4.0317}}
* {{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Oweis|first=Fayeq|date=5 July 2009|title=Handala and the Cartoons of Naji al-Ali: Political Cartoons in the Middle East|url=https://oweis.wordpress.com/article/handala-and-the-cartoons-of-naji-al-ali-12e7isujug54e-5/}} 
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Olin|first=Margaret|title=Timescapes of Waiting|year=2019|isbn=978-90-04-40712-1|pages=176–197|chapter=How Long Will Handala Wait? A Ten-Year-Old Barefoot Refugee Child on Palestinian Walls|doi=10.1163/9789004407121_012}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Habashi|first=Janette|title=Political Socialization of Youth|year=2017|isbn=978-1-137-47522-0|pages=151–175|chapter=The Evolvement of National Identity: A Never-Ending Process|doi=10.1057/978-1-137-47523-7_8}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Gandolfo|first=K. Luisa|date=1 January 2010|title=Representations of Conflict|journal=Radical History Review|volume=2010|issue=106|pages=47–69|doi=10.1215/01636545-2009-020}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Woźniak|first=Marta|date=2014|title=Mirror, Mirror on the Wall: Polititcal Cartoons of the Arab Spring|url=https://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.desklight-4cf4b492-291e-48ac-87c9-aca16c874bd6|journal=Hemispheres. Studies on Cultures and Societies|volume=29|issue=2|pages=79–97}}

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}</text>
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[[Category:Infobox holiday (other)]]
&lt;ref name=&quot;Gallup122410&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=December 24, 2010|title=Christmas Strongly Religious For Half in U.S. Who Celebrate It|url=http://www.gallup.com/poll/145367/christmas-strongly-religious-half-celebrate.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121207090538/http://www.gallup.com/poll/145367/christmas-strongly-religious-half-celebrate.aspx|archive-date=December 7, 2012|access-date=December 16, 2012|publisher=Gallup, Inc.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=December 18, 2012|title=The Global Religious Landscape {{!}} Christians|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2012/12/18/global-religious-landscape-christians/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150310002132/http://www.pewforum.org/2012/12/18/global-religious-landscape-christians/|archive-date=March 10, 2015|access-date=May 23, 2014|publisher=Pew Research Center}}&lt;/ref&gt;'''کٕرسمس''' چھُ اَکھ سالانہٕ تہوار یُس عیسٲئی مسیح سُنٛد زایہِ دۄہکہ یاد مَنٛز چھ مناونہٕ یوان یس بنیٲدی طور پٲٹھی 25 دَسَمبَر 2020 ہس مَنٛز پورٕ دنیاہس مٕنٛز اربوں لوکن درمیان [[مَذہَب|مذہبی۔]] تہٕ [[سَنٛس|ثقافتی۔]] جشنٕکی پٲٹھی مناونہٕ چھ یوان۔ عیسٲئی عبادت &lt;ref name=&quot;Forbes&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Forbes|first=Bruce David|title=Christmas: A Candid History|url=https://archive.org/details/christmascandidh0000forb|date=October 1, 2008|publisher=[[University of California Press]]|isbn=978-0-520-25802-0|page=[https://archive.org/details/christmascandidh0000forb/page/27 27]|quote=In 567 the Council of Tours proclaimed that the entire period between Christmas and Epiphany should be considered part of the celebration, creating what became known as the twelve days of Christmas, or what the English called Christmastide.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On the last of the twelve days, called Twelfth Night, various cultures developed a wide range of additional special festivities. The variation extends even to the issue of how to count the days. If Christmas Day is the first of the twelve days, then Twelfth Night would be on January 5, the eve of Epiphany. If December 26, the day after Christmas, is the first day, then Twelfth Night falls on January 6, the evening of Epiphany itself.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;After Christmas and Epiphany were in place, on December 25 and January 6, with the twelve days of Christmas in between, Christians slowly adopted a period called Advent, as a time of spiritual preparation leading up to Christmas.}}&lt;/ref&gt; وریہٕ خٲطرٕہ چھ اَکھ مرکزی دعوت۔ یہٕ چھ ٛاوٗنٹ۔ کہ موسمہٕ پتہٕ (یوس 4 ریتہٕ وار چھ شۆروٗع گژھان یا नेटिویٹی فاسٹ) تہٕ چھ کرسمس کہ موسمک آغاز کران یوس تٲریخی طورس پؠٹھ مغربس مَنٛز 12 ہن دۄہن روزان چھ تہٕ چھ 12 ہن راتھ ختم گژھان۔ &lt;ref name=&quot;EhornHewlett1995&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ehorn|first=Lee Ellen|title=December Holiday Customs|last2=Hewlett|first2=Shirely J.|last3=Hewlett|first3=Dale M.|date=September 1, 1995|publisher=Lorenz Educational Press|isbn=978-1-4291-0896-6|page=1}}&lt;/ref&gt; دوہ  واریہن ملکن مَنٛز اَکھ عوٲمی چھٹی۔ یہِ چھ عیسٲئی ہنٛز اکثریت مذہبی طورس پؠٹھ تہٕ ثقافتی طورس پؠٹھ واریہ غأر عیسائی مناوان تہٕ چھ اَتھ ارد گرد منظم چھٹین ہنٛد موسمک اَکھ لازمی حصہٕ بنان۔

== Etymology (ایٹمولوجی) ==

=== باقی ناو ===

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      <text bytes="5382" sha1="s40wepxeaadd500lih3n4ulv6zx1ccs" xml:space="preserve">اَکھ '''ریکٹلینیر اسکینر''' چھ اَکھ امیجنگ  آلہٕ، یس نیوکلیر میڈیسن مَنٛز ریڈیوفرماسیوٹیکلز سٟتؠ نیوکلیر اخراج حٲصل کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال چھ یوان کرنہٕ۔ یہِ تصویر چھِ تابکار مٔریٖض سٕنٛدِس سطحس پؠٹھ جسمٲنی طور ریڈییشن ڈیٹیکٹر منتقل کٔرِتھ بناونہٕ یِوان۔ یہٕ چھُ میڈیکل امیجنگس مَنٛز متروک گومُت، یمچ جاۓ بڑس پیمانس پؠٹھ 1960 کس دہٲیی کس آخرس پؠٹھ گاما کیمرا سٟتؠ آیہٕ دنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Feld|first=Michael|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MumQU40Pe04C&amp;pg=PA8|title=History of nuclear medicine in Europe|last2=de Roo|first2=Michel|date=2003|publisher=Schattauer|isbn=9783794522347|location=Stuttgart|page=3}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Blahd96&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Blahd|first=WH|date=July 1996|title=Ben Cassen and the development of the rectilinear scanner.|journal=Seminars in Nuclear Medicine|volume=26|issue=3|pages=165–70|doi=10.1016/s0001-2998(96)80021-3|pmid=8829277}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Williams|first=Lawrence E.|date=12 June 2008|title=Anniversary Paper: Nuclear medicine: Fifty years and still counting|journal=Medical Physics|volume=35|issue=7|pages=3020–3029|bibcode=2008MedPh..35.3020W|doi=10.1118/1.2936217|pmc=2673554|pmid=18697524|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== تَوٲریٖخ  ==

گۄڈٕنیک ریکٹیلینیر سکینرن مَنٛز اوس اَکھ بینیڈکٹ کیسنن 1950 مَنٛز تیار کۆرمُت۔ &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hutton|first=Brian F|date=2014|title=The contribution of Medical Physics to Nuclear Medicine: looking back - a physicist's perspective|journal=EJNMMI Physics|volume=1|issue=1|pages=2|doi=10.1186/2197-7364-1-2|pmc=4545618|pmid=26501444|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Blahd96&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Blahd|first=WH|date=July 1996|title=Ben Cassen and the development of the rectilinear scanner.|journal=Seminars in Nuclear Medicine|volume=26|issue=3|pages=165–70|doi=10.1016/s0001-2998(96)80021-3|pmid=8829277}}&lt;/ref&gt; امہٕ برونٛہہ ٲس مریضن مَنٛز تابکار مواد تلاش کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اتھہٕ سٟتؠ تھاون وٲل ڈٹیکٹرن ہنٛد اِستِمال کرنہٕ آمت، مگر کیسن سسٹم (آیوڈین-131 خٲطرٕ ڈیزائن کرنہٕ آمت) کۆر اَکھ موٹر ڈریون فوٹو ملٹیپلایر ٹیوٗب تہٕ پرنٹنگ میکانزم۔ اَمہٕ پَتہٕ ینہٕ وٲل پیش رفتو کٔر امیجن ہنٛد ڈیٹیکشن سسٹم، حرکت، ڈسپلے تہٕ پرنٹنگ مَنٛز بہتری۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=McCready|first=Ralph|title=A History of Radionuclide Studies in the UK|date=2016|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-28623-5|location=London|pages=9–18|chapter=A History of Nuclear Medicine in the UK|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-28624-2_2|pmid=29787085}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=McCready|first=Ralph|title=Early days in the Evolution of Radioisotope Imaging In the UK 1950-1970|url=http://www.bnms.org.uk/~bnms/images/stories/downloads/documents/microsoft_word_-_text_for_the_nukdoctor_web_page..pdf|access-date=19 February 2017|website=BNMS}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== اجزاء ==

[[File:Rectilinear_scanner.jpg|thumb|بنیادی ریکٹلینیر سکیننگ سسٹم]]

کیسینن اصلی ریکٹلینیر اسکینرن کۆر تابکاری پتہ لگاون خٲطرٕ  کیلشیم تنگسٹیٹ (CaWo&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) کرسٹل اِستِمال۔ پتہٕ کۆر نظامو اَکھ سوڈیم آیوڈائڈ (NaI) سنٹیلیٹرک اِستِمال، یَتھ کٔنؠ گاما کیمرا مَنٛز۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Hendee|first=William R|title=Medical Imaging Physics, Fourth Edition.|last2=Ritenour|first2=E Russell|date=2002|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|isbn=9780471461135|edition=4th|location=Hoboken, NJ|page=210}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ڈیٹیکٹر گژھہِ مکینیکل یا الیکٹرانک ذریعہٕ آوٹ پُٹ سسٹمس سٟتؠ جُڑُن۔  یہٕ ہیٚکہٕ فوٹوگرٛافک فِلِم، ڈاٹ میٹرکس پرنٹر، آسکلوسکوپ یا ٹیلی وِجَن سکرین پؠٹھ اَکھ سادٕ روشنی ہنٛد ذریعہٕ ٲستھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Reese|first=IC|last2=Mishkin|first2=FS|date=October 1976|title=Direct recording on rectilinear scan images on 4x5-in. film.|url=http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/17/10/937.long|journal=Journal of Nuclear Medicine|volume=17|issue=10|pages=937–8|pmid=966063}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Dowsett|first=DJ|last2=Ritchie|first2=DR|date=1 April 1971|title=An off-line computer interface for a rectilinear scanner|journal=Physics in Medicine and Biology|volume=16|issue=2|pages=249–256|bibcode=1971PMB....16..249D|doi=10.1088/0031-9155/16/2/307|pmid=5581630}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Mayneord|first=WV|last2=Turner|first2=R C|last3=Newbery|first3=SP|last4=Hodt|first4=HJ|date=3 November 1951|title=A Method of Making Visible the Distribution of Activity in a Source of Ionizing Radiation|journal=Nature|volume=168|issue=4279|pages=762–765|bibcode=1951Natur.168..762M|doi=10.1038/168762a0}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[زٲژ:ریڈیالجی]]</text>
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      <text bytes="5630" sha1="grclp0pl51huxv5sjp4t94grkn1kz6b" xml:space="preserve">[[فَیِل:Jahangir_-_Abu_al-Hasan.jpeg|left|thumb|294x294px|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/article1606093.ece|title=Jahangir portrait sold for Rs. 10 crore at London auction|journal=The Hindu|date=7 April 2011|agency=[[Press Trust of India|PTI]]|archivedate=10 April 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110410223855/http://www.thehindu.com/news/article1606093.ece}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=March 2010|title=National Portrait Gallery claims &quot;Lost&quot; Emperor Portrait is Largest Mughal Painting Ever Seen|url=http://www.artknowledgenews.com/2010-03-10-23-00-01-national-portrait-gallery-claims-lost-emperor-portrait-is-largest-mughal-painting-ever-seen.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120605105040/http://www.artknowledgenews.com/2010-03-10-23-00-01-national-portrait-gallery-claims-lost-emperor-portrait-is-largest-mughal-painting-ever-seen.html|archive-date=5 June 2012|website=ArtKnowledgeNews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[شاہ جہان]] بادشاہ سٕنٛز تفصیلی تصویر، یَتھ مٕنٛز ہٲوِتھ چھُ زِ یِنٛدِس اَتھس مٕنٛز کِتھہٕ پٲٹھؠ چھُ ٲویوٚل [[آسمٲنی گلوب]]، یُس علی کشمیری ابن لُقمانن چھُ ایٖجاد کورمُت.]]'''علی کشمیری ابن لُقمان'''  اَکھ [[فلکیات دان]] تہٕ [[دھاتکھار]]، ٲسؠ [[کٔشیٖر|کٔشیٖرِ]] مٕنٛز زامٕتؠ تہٕ أتی سپٕژ یِہِنٛز پرورش۔ یِمہٕ چھِ دُنیاہٕکؠ &quot;'''گوڈٕنِکؠ شخص'''&quot; یِمو گۄڈٕنیوک '''[[آسمٲنی گلوب|ٲویوٚل آسمٲنی گلوبٕچ]]''' ایٖجاد کٕر.

== آسمٲنی گلواب ==
۱۵۵۹ ہس مٕنٛز، [[محمد صالح تھتھوی|'''محمد صالح تھتھوی''']] یِمہٕ ٲسؠ سربرٲہی کران اَتھ کامہِ زِ اَکھ بۄڈ، ٲویوٚل (یا نرم، زیٛادٕ تر چھِ موم سٟتؠ بنن وٲلِس چیٖزس ونان) [[آسمٲنی گلوب]] اَکھ سِر (راز) اِستِمال کٕرِتھ ''سِرے پٕردیوٚ'' (''cire perdue method'') سٟتؠ [[مُغل سلطنت|مُغل سلطنتِ]] دورِ حکوٗمتس مٕنٛز۔ محمد صالح تھتھوی سُنٛد آسمٲنی گلوب چھُ درٕج [[عربی]] تہٕ [[فارسی زَبان|فارسی]] نُسخن مٕنٛز۔ اَمہِ پتہٕ آے باقٕیے وُہہ (۲۰) ہِوی گلوب بناونہٕ [[لوہوٗر|لاہورس]] تہٕ کٕشیٖرِ مٕنٛز أتھؠ سلطنتِ دوران۔ یہِ چھُ مانٕنہٕ اَکھ بٕڈ کامیٲبی [[دھاتکھار|دھاتکھٲری]] مٕنٛز.&lt;ref name=&quot;Savage-Smith 1985&quot;&gt;{{cite journal
|first1=Emilie
|last1=Savage-Smith
|author1-link=Emilie Savage-Smith
|first2=Andrea P. A.
|last2=Belloli
|title=Islamicate Celestial Globes: Their History, Construction, and Use
|url=https://archive.org/details/islamicatecelest0000sava
|publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]] Press
|location=Washington, D.C.
|date=1985
|journal=Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology
|issue=46
|pages=[https://archive.org/details/islamicatecelest0000sava/page/1 1]-354
|doi=10.5479/si.00810258.46.1
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ایٖجاد ==
توٲرِیٖخ دانو مطٲبق گۄڈٕ نیوٚک نفر ییٚم اَکھ [[آسمٲنیگلوب|آسمٲنی گلوب]] مُغل سلطنتِ مٕنٛز بنوو ٲسؠ '''علی کشمیری ابن لُقمان''' (۹۹۸ ہجری/۱۵۸۹-۹۰ ء) کٕشیٖرِ ہِنٛدؠ روزن وٲلؠ۔ یِ

یِمو چھِ بنٲویمٕتؠ واریاہ ماسٹرپیٖس چیٖز کٕشیٖرِ مٕنٛز أتھؠ حکوٗمتس دوران۔ اَتھ حکومتس دوران آیہِ واریاہ آسمٲنی گلوب بناونہٕ مگر اَکھ برابر تہٕ بۄڈ آسمٲنی گلوبٕچ ایٖجاد سپٕژ (۱۰۷۴ ہِجری/۱۶۶۵ ء) یس مٕنٛز بدستِ محمد صالح تھتھوی۔ یہِ ٲس اَکھ بارَو کارنمہٕ دھاتکھٲری مٕنٛز۔ جدیٖد ساینس دان چھِ ونان زِ أوِیوٚل آسمٲنی گلوبن ہیوٰنٛد چھُ پرکھ مگر یہِ چھُ س.ُہ آسمٲنی گلوب یُس نامُمکن ٲسِتھ مُمکن چھُ سپدیاومُت۔ حضرت بل کِس أکس رِسٲرٕچ عٲلمن وۄن زِ UK یس تہٕ نِیوٚ یارکس مٕنٛز چھِ یِمہٕ زٕ دھات موٗجود.&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=gEj0AAAAMAAJ&amp;q=%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C+%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86+%D9%84%D9%8F%D9%82%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86&amp;dq=%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C+%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86+%D9%84%D9%8F%D9%82%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86&amp;hl=en&amp;newbks=1&amp;newbks_redir=0&amp;source=gb_mobile_search&amp;ovdme=1&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjYk-3NmsmDAxXcsFYBHUr_AdIQ6AF6BAgKEAM|title=Smithsonian studies in history and technology|date=1985|publisher=Smithsonian Institution.|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2018-08-03|title=Kashmiri Inventions &amp; Discoveries, You Probably Dont know About|url=https://www.thebetterkashmir.com/kashmiri-inventions-discoveries-you-probably-dont-know-about/|access-date=2024-01-06|website=The Better Kashmir {{!}} Positive and Inspiring Stories from Kashmir|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== بییہٚ وُچھو ==

* [[محمد صالح تھتھوی]]

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:فلکیات]]
[[زٲژ:کٕشیٖرِ ہِنٛز ایٖجادات]]
[[زٲژ:ریٲضی]]
[[زٲژ:سائنس]]
[[زٲژ:کٕشیٖرِ ہِنٛدۍ ساینس دان]]</text>
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    <title>الکندی</title>
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      <comment>Add 2 books for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''أبو یوسف یعقوب بن إسحاق الصبّاح الكندی''' اوس اَکھ عرب مُسلمان کثیر الثقافتی یُس بطور فلسفی، [[ریاضی دان]] ،طبیب تہٕ موٗسیٖقی تھیوریسٹ اوس۔ &lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Greenberg|first=Yudit Kornberg|title=Encyclopedia of love in world religions|date=2008|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-85109-980-1|volume=1|page=405}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ اوس گۄدٕنیُک [[ابتدائی اسلٲمی فلسفہٕ|اسلامی  فلسفی]] تہٕ یہٕ چھ &quot;عربؠ فلاسفیک بَب&quot; مانہٕ یوان ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Nasr137To138&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Nasr|first=Seyyed Hossein|title=[[Islamic Philosophy from its Origin to the Present: Philosophy in the Land of Prophecy|Islamic philosophy from its origin to the present: philosophy in the land of prophecy]]|date=2006|publisher=State University of New York|isbn=978-0-7914-6799-2|pages=[https://archive.org/details/islamicphilosoph0000nasr/page/137 137]–138}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Abboud|first=Tony|title=Al-Kindi: the father of Arab philosophy|url=https://archive.org/details/alkindifatherofa0000abbo|date=2006|publisher=Rosen|isbn=978-1-4042-0511-6}}&lt;/ref&gt;

الکندی زاو کوفہس مَنٛز تہٕ کٔرٕن [[بَغداد|بغدادس]] مَنٛز تٲلیٖم حٲصِل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Al-Kindi biography|url=https://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Al-Kindi.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071026091801/https://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Al-Kindi.html|archive-date=26 October 2007|website=www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;  سُہٕ بنیو ہاؤس آف وزڈمس مَنٛز اَکھ ممتاز شخصیت، تہٕ متعدد عباسی خلیفن کوٚر سُہ یونٲنی سائنسی تہٕ فلسفیانہٕ متنن عربی زبانہِ مَنٛز ترجمہٕ ہنٛز نگرٲنی خٲطرٕ مقرر۔ امہٕ پتہٕ لیچھ تم مابعد الطبیعیات، اخلاقیات، منطق تہٕ نفسیات، طب، فارماکولوجی، ریاضی، فلکیات، علم نجوم تہٕ آپٹکس تام مختلف موضوعاتن پؠٹھ پنن ہتہٕ بٔد اصل مقالہٕ، تہٕ مزید عملی موضوعات یَتھ کٔنؠ عطر، تلوار، جواہر، شیش، رنگ، حیوانیات{{sfn|Corbin|1993|page=155}}{{sfn|Adamson|2005|page=33}}{{sfn|Adamson|2007|page=7}}

[[گرٛؠندُت|ریاضی]] ہنٛدس میدانس مَنٛز، الکندی ین کوٚر اسلامی دنیاہس مَنٛز ہندو ہندسن متعارف کرنس مَنٛز اہم کردار ادا۔ تہٕ الخوارزمی سٟتؠ سٟتؠ عربی ہندسن مَنٛز یمن ہنٛز مزید ترقی یُس بالآخر باقی دنیاہن اپناو۔&lt;ref name=&quot;st-and1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Ishaq al-Sabbah Al-Kindi|url=http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Al-Kindi.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071026091801/http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Biographies/Al-Kindi.html|archive-date=26 October 2007|access-date=26 October 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Borda|first=Monica|title=Fundamentals in Information Theory and Coding|date=2011|publisher=Springer|page=122|quote=Al Kindi, an Arab scientist from 9th century is considered the father of cryptology, his book on this subject being, at this moment, the oldest available.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=The man who cracked the Kama Sutra code|date=4 October 2000|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/4754214/The-man-who-cracked-the-Kama-Sutra-code.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/4754214/The-man-who-cracked-the-Kama-Sutra-code.html|archivedate=12 January 2022|journal=The Telegraph|issn=0307-1235}}&lt;/ref&gt; الخلیل (717–786) سنٛز کٲم پؠٹھ تعمیر کٔرِتھ، الکندی سنٛز کتاب یمک عنوان چھُ مخطوطہٕ کرپٹوگرافک پیغامات سمجھنہٕ کس عنوان سٟتؠ کرپٹ اینالیسس جنم دیُت، شماریاتی تخمینک گۄڈنیُٛک معلوم اِستِمال، تہٕ سائفر توڑنک کنہہ نئؠ طریقہٕ متعارف کٔر، خاص طور پٲنٹھ فریکوئنسی تجزیہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;singh&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Singh|first=Simon|url=https://archive.org/details/codebook00simo/page/14|title=The Code Book|date=2000|publisher=Anchor Books|isbn=9780385495325|location=New York City|pages=[https://archive.org/details/codebook00simo/page/14 14–20]|author-link=Simon Singh|url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Al-Kindi Distinguished Statistics Lectures|url=https://cemse.kaust.edu.sa/stat/al-kindi-distinguished-statistics-lectures|website=Statistics at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology|quote=The lectures are named after Al-Kindi (801–873 CE), a prominent figure in the House of Wisdom, whose book entitled &quot;Manuscript on Deciphering Cryptographic Messages&quot; is believed to be the earliest writing on statistics. In his book, Al-Kindi gave a detailed description on how to decipher encrypted messages using statistics and frequency analysis. This text arguably gave rise to the birth of both statistics and cryptanalysis.}}&lt;/ref&gt;  سُہ گوٚو اَکھ یُتھ پیمانہٕ بناونس مَنٛز کامیاب، یُس [[ڈاکٹَر|ڈاکٹرن]] [[ریاضی]] تہٕ [[طِب|طب]] کس بارس مَنٛز تٔمؠ سٕنٛدس علمس یکجا کٔرِتھ پننہٕ دوا کس تاثیرُک اندازٕ لگاونس قٲبل ٲس۔&lt;ref name=&quot;LB&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Broemeling|first=Lyle D.|date=1 November 2011|title=An Account of Early Statistical Inference in Arab Cryptology|journal=The American Statistician|volume=65|issue=4|pages=255–257|doi=10.1198/tas.2011.10191}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== کامیٲبی ==
عرب کتابہٕ نگار ابن الندیم سند مطٲبق، الکندی لیچھ کم کھوتہٕ کم زٕ ہتھ شیٹھ کتابہٕ، یم جیومیٹری (بتیس کتابہٕ)، طب تہٕ فلسفہٕ (ہر اکہٕ 22 کتابہٕ)، منطق (نو کتابہٕ)، تہٕ طبیعیات (باہ کتابہٕ) مَنٛز چھِ واریاہ زیٛادٕ تعاون کران۔{{sfn|Corbin|1993|pages=154–155}} اگرچہ تیم سٕنز زیٛادٕ تر [[کِتاب|کتابہٕ]] چھِ صٔدیو پیٹھہٕ رٲومٕژ، مگر کینٛہہ چھِ جیرارڈ آف کریمونا کہِ لاطینی ترجمن ہندِس شکلہِ مَنٛز زندٕ، تہٕ باقٕے چھِ عربی مخطوطن مَنٛز دوبارٕہ دریافت کرنہٕ آمٕتؠ۔ سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ اہم کتھ چھِ یہٕ زِ تیم سٕنز رٲومٕژ کٲم ٲس وُہِمہِ صدی کہِ وسطس مَنٛز ایکِس ترک لائبریری مَنٛز واقع۔{{sfn|Klein-Franke|2001|pages=172–173}}

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}
{{حَوالہٕ|colwidth=30em}}</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''عابد اللہ انصاری غازی''' (6 جُلَے 1936 - 11 اپریل 2021) اوس اَکھ ہندوستٲنؠ امریکی مُصنِف،وۄستاد  تہٕ شٲعر۔تٔمہ چھ شُرؠن خٲطرٕ 140 کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ [[اِسلام|اسلام]] تعلیمی درسی کتابہٕ تصنیف کٔرمٕژ۔  سُہ اوس اِقراانٹرنیشنل ایجوکیشنل فاؤنڈیشنُک ایگزیکٹو ڈائریکٹر تہِ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ghazi&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Afzal Usmani|title=Profile of Abidullah Ghazi|url=http://www.aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|access-date=5 March 2020|website=Aligarh Movement website|archive-date=27 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi |date=27 March 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

تہنٛزٕ کِتابن ہُنٛد ترجمہٕ چھُ واریاہن زبانن مَنٛز کرنہٕ آمُت تہٕ یہِ چھُ 40 کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ مُلکَن مَنٛز اِسلٲمی سکوٗلَن ہِنٛدِس نِصابُس مَنٛز حِصہٕ۔ تٔمِس اوس رائل اسلامک سٹریٹجک سٹڈیز سینٹرن &quot;دنیاہک 500 ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ بااثر مسلمانن&quot; مَنٛز شٲمِل قرار دِیُتمُت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;TheMuslim5002&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Profiles of Abidullah and Tasneema Ghazi|url=http://themuslim500.com/profile/drs-abidullah-and-tasneema-ghazi|website=The Muslim 500 website|accessdate=5 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ابتدٲیی زندگی تہٕ پیشہ ورانہ زندگی ==
عابد اللہ غازی زاو 6 جُلَے 1936 شُمٲلی ہندوستٲنہِ قصبہٕ امبیہتا سہارن پوٗر ضِلعس مَنٛز۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ghazi2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Afzal Usmani|title=Profile of Abidullah Ghazi|url=http://www.aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|website=Aligarh Movement website|accessdate=5 March 2020|archive-date=27 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi |date=27 March 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

عابد اللہ غازی یَن کٔر 1959 مَنٛز علی گڑھ مسلم یونیورسٹی پٮ۪ٹھٕ ماسٹرز ڈگری، 1967 مَنٛز لندن سکول آف اکنامکس پؠٹھٕ ایم ایس سی تہٕ 1973 مَنٛز ہارورڈ یونیورسٹی  پؠٹھٕ پی ایچ ڈی ڈگری حٲصِل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ghazi3&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Afzal Usmani|title=Profile of Abidullah Ghazi|url=http://www.aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|website=Aligarh Movement website|accessdate=5 March 2020|archive-date=27 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi |date=27 March 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PakistanLink2&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.pakistanlink.org//Community/2009/Dec09/11/02.HTM|title=A Lifetime of Commitment to faith, peace and Understanding (Profile of Abidullah Ghazi)|author=Huseyn Abiva|newspaper=Pakistan Link (a US weekly newspaper)|accessdate=5 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== سمٲجی تہٕ تٲلیٖمی خٔدمات ==

# بٲنی-ڈائریکٹر، اقرا انٹرنیشنل ایجوکیشنل فاؤنڈیشن (1983)  &lt;ref name=&quot;Ghazi4&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Afzal Usmani|title=Profile of Abidullah Ghazi|url=http://www.aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|website=Aligarh Movement website|accessdate=5 March 2020|archive-date=27 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi |date=27 March 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rekhta2&quot;&gt;[https://www.rekhta.org/Poets/aabidullah-ghazi/profile Profile of Abidullah Ghazi on Rekhta.org website] Retrieved 5 March 2020&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PakistanLink3&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.pakistanlink.org//Community/2009/Dec09/11/02.HTM|title=A Lifetime of Commitment to faith, peace and Understanding (Profile of Abidullah Ghazi)|author=Huseyn Abiva|newspaper=Pakistan Link (a US weekly newspaper)|accessdate=5 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
# چیئرمین بورڈ آف ٹرسٹیز (2005–06)، دی فیڈریشن آف علی گڑھ المنائی ایسوسی ایشن۔
# صدر، نیشنل کونسل آف یونیورسٹی سٹوڈنٹس آف انڈیا (1959)
# صدر، علی گڑھ مسلم یونیورسٹی سٹوڈنٹس یونین (1959)&lt;ref name=&quot;Ghazi5&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Afzal Usmani|title=Profile of Abidullah Ghazi|url=http://www.aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|website=Aligarh Movement website|accessdate=5 March 2020|archive-date=27 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi |date=27 March 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# اعزازی سیکریٹری، اے ایم یو سٹوڈنٹس یونین، 1954&lt;ref name=&quot;Ghazi6&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Afzal Usmani|title=Profile of Abidullah Ghazi|url=http://www.aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|website=Aligarh Movement website|accessdate=5 March 2020|archive-date=27 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi |date=27 March 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== یِمَن ہُنٛد مُشیٖر ==

* [[جَواہَر لال نِہروٗ|جواہر لال نہرو]] وزیر اعظم ہند (1947–64) &lt;ref name=&quot;PakistanLink&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.pakistanlink.org//Community/2009/Dec09/11/02.HTM|title=A Lifetime of Commitment to faith, peace and Understanding (Profile of Abidullah Ghazi)|last=Huseyn Abiva|journal=Pakistan Link (a US weekly newspaper)|accessdate=5 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* راجندر پرساد، ہندوستانُک صدر (1950–62)
* ذاکر حسین، صدر ہند (1967–69)&lt;ref name=&quot;PakistanLink4&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.pakistanlink.org//Community/2009/Dec09/11/02.HTM|title=A Lifetime of Commitment to faith, peace and Understanding (Profile of Abidullah Ghazi)|author=Huseyn Abiva|newspaper=Pakistan Link (a US weekly newspaper)|accessdate=5 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== یَنام تہٕ پہچان ==

* [[ستارہ اِمتِیاز|ستارہ امتیاز]] (سٹار آف ایکسی لینس ایوارڈ فار سیراتون نبی پروگرام، پاکستان (1983) &lt;ref name=&quot;Ghazi&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;PakistanLink&quot;/&gt;
* [[نِشان اِمتِیاز|نشاں امتیاز]] (آرڈر آف ایکسی لینس ایوارڈ فار ڈیولپمنٹ آف ایجوکیشن نصاب، پاکستان (1988) &lt;ref name=&quot;Ghazi&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;PakistanLink&quot; /&gt;

== کتابہٕ ==

# سریٖر خاما (أمہِ سٕنٛدیٚن ذٲتی مضموٗنَن ہُنٛد مجموعہٕ) &lt;ref name=&quot;Ghazi7&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Afzal Usmani|title=Profile of Abidullah Ghazi|url=http://www.aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|website=Aligarh Movement website|accessdate=5 March 2020|archive-date=27 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi |date=27 March 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
# مولانا عبداللہ انصاری – احوال، خدمت اور علمی عصر &lt;ref name=&quot;Ghazi8&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Afzal Usmani|title=Profile of Abidullah Ghazi|url=http://www.aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|website=Aligarh Movement website|accessdate=5 March 2020|archive-date=27 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi |date=27 March 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

عابدی اللہ غازیَن تھٲو 1983 مَنٛز امریکی مُسلمان شُرین تِہنٛدِس عقیدس مُتعلِق ہیٚچھناونہٕ خٲطرٕ أکِس کمیونٹی پروجیکٹ پٲٹھؠ سکوکی، الینوائے ، امریکہَس مَنٛز اقرا انٹرنیشنل ایجوکیشنل فاؤنڈیشنٕچ بُنیاد۔&lt;ref name=&quot;rekhta3&quot;&gt;[https://www.rekhta.org/Poets/aabidullah-ghazi/profile Profile of Abidullah Ghazi on Rekhta.org website] Retrieved 5 March 2020&lt;/ref&gt;

تنہٕ پیٹھہٕ چھِ أمؠ تَقریٖبَن 100 درسی کتابہٕ تہٕ غٲر افسانہٕ، افسانہ تہٕ شاعری ہنٛز ضمنی &quot;افزودگی&quot; کتابہٕ شایَع کٔرمژ۔ سُہ چھُ وۄنہِ اَتہِ اَکھ کِتابن ہُنٛد کٕلَب تہٕ اَکھ کِتابن ہُنٛد دُکان تہِ اَمہِ گروپَن کوٚر 1987 تھس مَنٛز پنُن پان اقرا چیریٹیبل سوسائٹیَس سٟتؠجُڑِتھ۔ اَمہِ جمٲژ ہِنٛز سربرٲہی چھِ وُنہِ تہِ عابدی اللہ غازی کران۔ سُہ تہٕ أمہِ سٕنٛز خانٛدارِنہِ، تسنیما غازی ٲس ہِنٛدُستانس مَنٛز زامٕژ، مٔزیٖد تٔعلیٖم حٲصِل کرنہٕ تہٕ تھدِ ڈگری حٲصِل کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ آیہِ امریٖکہ ۔ پتہٕ کوٚر یِمو پننؠن لۄکٹؠن شُرؠن سٟتؠ امریکہَس مَنٛز روزنُک فٲصلہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ghazi9&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Afzal Usmani|title=Profile of Abidullah Ghazi|url=http://www.aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|website=Aligarh Movement website|accessdate=5 March 2020|archive-date=27 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327213309/http://aligarhmovement.com/aligarians/abidullah_ghazi |date=27 March 2019 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rekhta4&quot;&gt;[https://www.rekhta.org/Poets/aabidullah-ghazi/profile Profile of Abidullah Ghazi on Rekhta.org website] Retrieved 5 March 2020&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:2021 وَفات]]</text>
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'''روبِن ریہنا فؠنٹی''' (پٲدٲیِش:۲۰ فَرؤری  ۱۹۸۸) چھِ بارباڈین گیون واجین، کاروبٲرؠ زٔنؠ تہٕ اداکأری۔ سۄ چھ بٔڑس پیمانس پیٚٹھ 21 ہمہ صٔدی ہنٛد ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ نمایاں ریکارڈنگ فنکارو منٛزٕ اَکھ ماننہٕ یوان۔ 2005 مَنٛز ڈیف جام ریکارڈنگ سٟتؠ دستخط کرنہٕ پتہٕ، تم کر پننؠن گوڈنکین دۄن سٹوڈیو البمز، میوزک آف دی سن (2005) تہٕ اے گرل لائک می (2006) کیریبین میوزک سٟتؠ متٲثر گژھتھ، یم دۄنوے یو ایس بل بورڈ 200 چارٹس پؠٹھ سرفہرست دہن مَنٛز ٲس۔ تہنز تریم البم، گڈ گرل گون بیڈ (2007) مَنٛز ڈانس پاپ عناصر شٲمل تہٕ تم کر میوزک انڈسٹری مَنٛز اَکھ بڑ آئیکون پٲنٹھ قٲیِم۔ امیوک مرکزی سنگل، &quot;امبریلا&quot; یو ایس ''بل بورڈ'' ہاٹ 100 کس تٲریخس پؠٹھ، زیون پنن گوڈنک گریمی ایوارڈ تہٕ کوٚرکھ یہٕ عالمی شہرت حٲصل۔

ریہناہن تھٲو پنین ینہٕ والین سٹوڈیو ایٚلبمن، ریٹیڈ ''زور۔'' (2009) لاؤڈ (2010) ٹاک دیٹ ٹاک (2011) تہٕ اناپولوجٹک (2012) مَنٛز پاپ ڈانس تہٕ آر اینڈ بی جینرن ہنٛد مرکب جٲری-یمو منٛزٕ مؤخر الذکر ''بل بورڈ'' 200 کس مقامس پؠٹھ ووت۔ یمو ہیرٕ۔ کٔرؠ چارٹ ٹاپنگ سنگلزٕچ اَکھ سٹرنگ پٲدٕ، یمن مَنٛز &quot;روڈ بوائے&quot;، &quot;اونلی گرل&quot; (ان دی ورلڈ) ، &quot;واٹز میٚیی نیم؟&quot;، &quot;ایس اینڈ ایم&quot;، &quot;وی فاؤنڈ لو&quot; تہٕ &quot;ڈائمنڈز&quot; شٲمل چھ۔ تیم سند ٲٹھم البم، ''اینٹی۔'' (2016) کوٚر ڈیف جام پیٹھہٕ جے زیڈ کہ راک نیشن لیبل کہ حقس مَنٛز نیرنہٕ پتہٕ نو تخلیقی کنٹرولک مظاہرٕ۔ یہِ بنیو تٔمؠ سنٛد دویم امریکی نمبر ون البم تہٕ آو چارٹس مَنٛز سرفہرست سنگل &quot;ورک&quot; کس حمایتس مَنٛز پیش کرنہٕ۔ پننہ موٗسیٖقی ہندس پیشورانہٕ زندگی دوران چھ ریہناہن کولڈ پلے ڈریک ایمینم، کینے ویسٹ نی یو تہٕ شاکیرا ہس ہیتھ فنکارن سٕتہ سہکٲری کوٚرمت۔

دنیاہس مَنٛز 250 ملین کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ ریکارڈن ہٕنٛز فروخت سٟتؠ چھےٚ ریہنا ہمہ وقتٕچ دٔیم ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ فروخت گژھن واجیٚنؠ زنانہٕ موٗسیٖقی فنکار تہٕ آر آئی اے اے کس ٹاپ آرٹسٹس (ڈیجیٹل سنگلز رینکنگ) مَنٛز ہمہ وقتٕچ ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ تصدیق شدٕ زنانہٕ فنکار۔ &amp;nbsp; أمؠ چھ 14 نمبر ون سنگلز، امریکہس مَنٛز 32 ٹاپ ٹین سنگلز، تہٕ برطانیہس مَنٛز 31 ٹاپ ٹین انٹریز حٲصل کرمژٕ۔ أمؠ سٕنٛدؠ اعزازن مَنٛز چھ نو گریمی ایوارڈز 13 امریکن میوزک ایوارڈ (بشمول آیکن ایوارڈ 12 ''بل بورڈ'' میوزک ایوارڈز شیٚیہ ''گنیز ورلڈ ریکارڈ'' این اے اے سی پی ہک پریسیڈنٹ ایوارڈ، تہٕ اکیڈمی ایوارڈ نامزدگی) شٲمل۔ ٹائمز کوٚر سہ 2012 تہٕ 2018 ہس مَنٛز دنیا کہ 100 سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ اثر دار لوکن مَنٛز اَکھ قرار۔ ''[[فوربس]]'' کٔر أمس 2012 تہٕ 2014 ہس مَنٛز ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ پونٛسہٕ زینن والیٚن دٔہن مَشہوٗر شخصیتن مَنٛز شمار۔ &lt;ref name=&quot;networth&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Pandey|first=Manish|last2=Brown|first2=Lindsay|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-58084543|title=Fenty Beauty: How make-up helped Rihanna become a billionaire|agency=BBC News|date=August 11, 2021|accessdate=August 12, 2021|archivedate=November 14, 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211114160212/https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-58084543}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{CURRENTYEAR}} ہس تام، چھےٚ سۄ ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ دولت مند زنانہٕ موسیقار، ییٚمیک تخمینہٕ چھ 1.4 بلین ڈالر۔&amp;nbsp;

موٗسیٖقی علاوٕ چھ ریہنا پننہ اِنسان دوست شمولیت، کارٕبٲرؠ تہٕ فیشن انڈسٹری ہنٛد اثر و رسوخ خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ یوان۔  بنو کلارا لیونل فاؤنڈیشن کاسمیٹکس برانڈ فؠنٛٹی۔ بیوٹی تہٕ LVMH کہ تحت فیشن ہاؤس فینٹی، تہٕ بنٲی LVMM خٲطرٕہ لَگجَری برانڈٕچ قیادت کرن واجیٚنہ گوڈنٕچ سیاہ فام زنانہٕ۔ ریہناہن ''گرٕ۔'' بیٹل شپ (2012) ہوم (2015) ویلرین اینڈ دی سٹی آف اے تھاؤزنڈ پلینٹس (2017) تہٕ اوشینز 8 (2018) ہوین اہم کردارن مَنٛز کٲم کٔرمٕژ۔ 2018 &lt;ref name=&quot;NationalHero&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=December 1, 2021|title=Barbados National Honours and Decorations 2021|url=http://governmentprintery.gov.bb/portal/scripts/getpdf.php?i=1583&amp;t=unofficial|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204223132/http://governmentprintery.gov.bb/portal/scripts/getpdf.php?i=1583&amp;t=unofficial|archive-date=December 4, 2021|access-date=December 9, 2021|publisher=Barbados Government Printing Department}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204223132/http://governmentprintery.gov.bb/portal/scripts/getpdf.php?i=1583&amp;t=unofficial |date=December 4, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; مَنٛز آیہ سۄ بارباڈوس حکوٗمتن بطور سفیر مقرر کرنہٕ تہٕ 2021 ہس مَنٛز آیہ یہِ بارباڈوسک قومی ہیرو قرار دنہٕ۔

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}
[[زٲژ:1988 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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'''زین جاوید ملِک''' (/ˈmælɪk/MAL-ik) 12 جَنؤری 1993 تس مَنٛز پیدٲیش، یُس پیشورانہٕ طور '''زین ملِک''' یا صرف زین کس ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ چھُ یوان، چھُ اَکھ برطانُک گلوکار تہٕ چھِ سؠٹھاہ مشہوٗر.ملکن کوٚر 2010 ہس مَنٛز برطانوی موٗسیٖقی مقابلہٕ ٹیلی وِجَن سیریز دی ''ایکس فیکٹر'' باپتھ سولو مدمقابل سنٛد پٲٹھؠ آڈیشن۔ ختم گژھنہٕ پتہٕ آو سہ فائیو پیس بوائے بینڈ ون ڈائریکشن بناونہٕ خٲطرٕ مقابلہٕس مَنٛز واپس اننہٕ، یس زن ہر وقتک سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ فروخت گژھن وول بوائے بینڈس مَنٛز اَکھ بنیو۔ تٔمؠ ترٛوو مارٕچ 2015 ہس مَنٛز گروپ تہٕ کوٚرکھ آر سی اے ریکارڈز سٟتؠ سولو ریکارڈنگ کنٹریکٹس پؠٹھ دستخط۔

پننس گوڈنکس سولو سٹوڈیو البم، مائنڈ آف مائن (2016) تہٕ امک مرکزی سنگل، &quot;Pillowtalk&quot; پؠٹھ اَکھ زیٛادٕ متبادل R &amp; B موٗسیٖقی ہنٛد انداز اپناوان، سوٛ بنیو گۄڈنُیٛک برطانوی مرد فنکار یم پننہٕ پہلی سنگل تہٕ البم سٟتؠ برطانیہ تہٕ امریکہ دشونی مَنٛز نمبر ون پؠٹھ ڈیبیو کوٛر۔ تمہ سٟنٛد پتہٕ وٲلہ بٲہمی وٲحد &quot;I Don 't Wanna Live Forever&quot; [[ٹیلر سوئفٹ]] سٕتہ تہٕ &quot;Dusk Till سیان۔&quot; یَتھ مَنٛز سیا ٲس بین الاقوٲمی کامیٲبی حٲصل کٔرمٕژ۔ تٔمؠ کوٚر 2018 مَنٛز پنن دویم سٹوڈیو البم، آئکارس فالس ریلیز، اَمہِ پتہٕ کوٚر تٔمؠ سنٛد ترٛیٚیم البم، 2021 مَنٛز نوبیڈی از لسننگ ریلیز۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://dailytargum.com//article/2021/02/zayn-malik-explores-romantic-side-in-nobody-is-listening|title=Zayn Malik explores romantic side in 'Nobody Is Listening'|first=Rhea|last=Swain|website=The Daily Targum}}&lt;/ref&gt;


ملکس چھ واریاہ اعزازات حٲصل، یمن مَنٛز اَکھ امریکن میوزک ایوارڈ تہٕ اَکھ ایم ٹی وی ویڈیو میوزک ایوارڈ شٲمل چھ۔ سہ چھ وٲحد فنکار ییٚمؠ دۄیہ لٹہ بل بورڈ میوزک ایوارڈ فار نیو آرٹسٹ آف دی ایئر زیوٗن، یہِ زیون 2013 ہس مَنٛز اکہ لٹہ ون ڈایریکشن کس ممبر کس طورس پیٚٹھ تہٕ 2017 ہَس مَنٛز اکہ پھر سولوسٹ کس طورس پیٚٹھ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:بَرطٲنوی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1993 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <text bytes="3811" sha1="tjcbky22elk3rcdpxcretugfputngy2" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Temple_Mount_(Aerial_view,_2007)_05.jpg|alt=|thumb|مسجد الاقصی کمپاؤنڈ، یتھ ٹیمپل ماؤنٹ تہ چھ ونان]]
شبِ محراج (عربی:&amp;#x2D;&amp;#x2D;&amp;#x2D;&amp;#x20;&amp;#x2D; والمراج، ال-'اسرٲی' وال-میراج) چھ '''راتک سفر''' زٕ حصہٕ یمؠ مُسلمان ہند خیال چھِ ز [[اِسلامَس مَنٛز پٲغَمبر|پیغمبر اسلام]] (1 BH-0 BH) ۄنؠ 621 عیسوی مَنٛز اکہٕ راتؠ۔  &lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Physics of the Night Journey of Prophet Muhammad|url=https://sites.hampshire.edu/scienceandislamvideoportal/video/physics-night-journey/|access-date=2024-03-15|website=Science and Islam Video Portal|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;enc&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World|publisher=[[Macmillan Publishers (United States)|Macmillan Reference USA]]|year=2003|isbn=978-0-02-865603-8|editor-last=Martin|editor-first=Richard C.|page=482|editor-last2=Arjomand|editor-first2=Saïd Amir|editor-link2=Saïd Amir Arjomand|editor-last3=Hermansen|editor-first3=Marcia|editor-last4=Tayob|editor-first4=Abdulkader|editor-last5=Davis|editor-first5=Rochelle|editor-last6=Voll|editor-first6=John Obert}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dr. ‘Abdullaah Al-Faqeeh&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=17 October 2001|title=The Mi'raaj: physical or spiritual? Fatwa No: 83413|url=https://www.islamweb.net/en/fatwa/83413/the-miraaj-physical-or-spiritual|access-date=14 October 2023|website=Islamweb.net}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[اِسلام|اسلام]] اندر، چھ اکثریتی اسکالرز اَتھ کتھہٕ پؠٹھ متفق کہ سفر اوس اَکھ جسمٲنی تہٕ روحانی دونویی، حالانکہ یَتھ سفرٕ خٲطرٕ ٲس فزکسچ ضرورت، یمہٕ سٟتؠ یہٕ بنیٲدی طور پٲٹھؠ نامُمکن اوس۔  ہنٛد اَکھ مختصر ذکر چھ 17 ہم [[سوٗرٕ|سوراہ]] ([[قُرآن|قرآن پاک]] باب) مَنٛز لبنہٕ یوان، یَتھ ''&quot;الاعزرۃ&quot;'' چھ ونان، ییلہٕ زن دٔلیٖلٕچ تفصیلات چھ حدس (رپورٹن ہنٛد پتہٕک مجموع، تعلیمات، اعمال تہٕ اقوال محمد صأب سُنٛد) مَنٛز لبنہٕ چھ یوان۔

&lt;ref&gt;Jerusalem and Its Role in Islamic Solidarity, Y۔ Reiter, Springer, 26 May 2008, p.30&lt;/ref&gt; شبِ محراج (راتک سفر) مَنٛز چھ وننہٕ یوان ز محمد صأبن کوٚر براق (اَکھ پنکھ دار گُر ہیٚو جانور) کِس کمٛبرس پؠٹھ مسجد اقصس (یعنی ٹیمپل ماؤنٹ) تام سفر یتہٕ تم ٲسؠ باقی نبیان ہنٛز قیادت کٕرمژ یمن مَنٛز ابراہیم (ابراہیم) صأب  [[عیسیٰ|عیسی۔]] صأب (موسٰی) تہٕ عیسٰی صأب نؠمازٕ مَنٛز شأمل ٲسمتؠ۔ 

اَمہِ پتہٕ گوٚو محمد صأب میراجس دوران جنتس مَنٛز، ییٚتہ تٔمؠ الگ الگ نبیٚن سلام کوٚر، تہٕ پتہٕ کٔرؠ خدایس سٟتؠ کتھ، ییٚمؠ ضۆروٗری نمازن (مذہبی نمازن) ہنٛز تعداد 50 پیٚٹھٕ صرف پانٚژھ تام کم کرنس پؠٹھ رضامندی ظٲہر کٔر۔ سفر &lt;ref name=&quot;times&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=A night journey through Jerusalem|date=18 August 2007|accessdate=27 March 2011|last=Bradlow, Khadija|journal=[[The Times|Times Online]]|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/a-night-journey-through-jerusalem-zxxb7n0bbpn}}&lt;/ref&gt; چڑھٲئی چھِ [[اِسلامی تَقويٖم|اسلامی کیلنڈر]] سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ مشہوٗر تٲریخو مَنٛز اَکھ-اسلامی رؠتہٕ رجب 27 مٕہ پٲٹھؠ نِشان زد۔
[[زٲژ:قُرآن]]</text>
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&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Arora|first=Priya|date=14 June 2020|title=Sushant Singh Rajput, Bollywood Star, Dies at 34|language=en-US|journal=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/14/world/asia/sushant-singh-rajput-death.html|accessdate=5 September 2020|issn=0362-4331|archivedate=24 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200624194325/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/14/world/asia/sushant-singh-rajput-death.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; '''سُشانٛت سِنٛگھ راجپوٗت''' (21 جَنؤری 1986-14 جون 2020) اوس اَکھ ہندوستٲنؠ اداکار یس ہؠنٛدؠ سیٚنماہس مَنٛز پننہِ کامِہ خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ اوس یوان۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:2020 وَفات]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''ایٚکٹِنوپٹریگی''' چھٕ '''زٕژ-پکھشَل گاڈ''' یا '''ایٚکٹِنوپٹیٚریجیئنز''' کہِ ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ یوان، چھٕ [[أڈجِدار گاڈ|أڈجِدار گاڈن]] ہٕنٛز اَکھ [[نِکٲے|نِکٲے۔]] یۄس زندٕ vertebrates ہٕنٛزن زٲژن منٛزٕ 50% کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ چھےٚ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kardong|first=Kenneth|title=Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution|url=https://archive.org/details/vertebratescompa0000kard_7edi|publisher=[[McGraw-Hill Education]]|year=2015|isbn=978-0-07-802302-6|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/vertebratescompa0000kard_7edi/page/99 99]–100}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NelsonFoW&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Nelson|first=Joseph S.|title=Fishes of the World|publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|John Wiley &amp; Sons]]|year=2016|isbn=978-1-118-34233-6|author-link=Joseph S. Nelson}}&lt;/ref&gt;  تمن چھ تیکیاز تمن ہنٛد ہلکہٕ بناونہٕ آمت پنکھ چھ ژمہ ہنٛدؠ جال سٟتؠ بنیمٕتؠ یم ریڈیئل طور بڑاونہٕ آمٕتؠ پتلے ہڈی ہنٛد سپائنزن سٟتؠ چھ سہارٕ حٲصل کران یمن ''لیپیڈوٹریچیا'' چھ ونان، یَتھ کٔنؠ زن بینہ۔ کلاس سرکوپٹریگی (لوب-فائنڈ فش) ہنٛد بلکیر، مژھہٕ لوبڈ پنکھن برعکس چھ۔تہہ کرن وٲلؠ پنکھ ہؠکن دوبارٕ جمع کٔرِتھ، ایکٹینوپٹریجین پنکھ ہؠکہ آسانی سان شکٕل تہٕ اوٚتھ جایہ تبدیل کٔرِتھ، یس سرکوپٹریجین تہٕ کونڈریکتھین پنکھن ہنٛدس مقابلس مَنٛز فی حرکت تھروسٹ ٹو ویٹ تناسب فراہم کران چھ۔ پنکھچ کرن چھ براہ راست پراکسیمل یا بیسال کنکال عناصرن سٟتؠ جڑان، ریڈیلز، یم یمن پنکھن تہٕ اۆنٛدروٗنی کنکالس درمیان اظہار۔ نمائندگی چھ کران (مثلا، پیلوک تہٕ پیکٹورل گرڈلز) ۔

اکٹینوپٹریجینن ہنٛز اکثریت چھ ٹیلیوسٹ۔ پرجاتین ہنٛد گنتی ہنٛدٕ لحاظ سٟتؠ، چھ تم سبفایلم ورٹیبراٹاہس پؠٹھ حاوی، تہٕ چھ 30,000 کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ موجودٕ۔ پرجاتین مَنٛز تقریبن&lt;unk&gt; 99%&lt;unk&gt; تشکیل دیوان۔&lt;ref&gt;(Davis, Brian 2010).&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;/unk&gt;&lt;/unk&gt; یم چھ سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ کثرت وٲلؠ نیکٹونک آبی جانور تہٕ چھ میژ آب تہٕ [[سۆدُر|سمندری]] ماحولس مَنٛز سرٛن سمندر پیٹھہٕ زیر زمین آب تام سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ تھود پہاڑن ہنٛدن نالین تام ہر جایہٕ موجود۔ موجودٕ زٲژ ہکن ''پیڈوسیپرس''  سائزس مَنٛز، {{cvt|8|mm|in|1}} ملی میٖٹَر (0.3 انچ) پیٹھہٕ بٔڑس پیمانس پؠٹھ سمندری آفتاب ماہی تام، {{cvt|2300|kg|lb|-1}} کلوگرام (5,070 پونڈ) تہٕ وشال اوار فش تام، {{cvt|11|m|ft|0}} میٖٹَر (36 فٹ) تام ٲستھ۔  از تامچ ساری کھۄتہٕ بٔڑ رے فائنڈ فش، جوراسک پیٹھہٕ معدوم گژھن واجین ''لیڈیزچتھس'' ہیند تخمینہٕ چھ لگاونہٕ آمت ز سوٛ چھ {{cvt|16.5|m|ft|0}} میٖٹَر (54 فٹ) تام ووتمت۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:سَمنٛدٕری جانور]]</text>
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    <title>ساینَس</title>
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      <comment>Add 4 books for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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سائنسچ چھ نہٕ کنہہ واحد بنیاد۔ بلکہ، منظم طریقہٕ گو وارٕ وارٕ ساسن ورین دوران ابھرن، پورٕ دنیاہس مَنٛز مختلف شکلہٕ نیتھ، تہٕ قدیٖم ترٚین پیشرفتن ہنٛدس بارس مَنٛز چھ کم تفصیلات معلوم۔&lt;ref name=&quot;causal-cognition&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Lombard|first=Marlize|last2=Gärdenfors|first2=Peter|year=2017|title=Tracking the Evolution of Causal Cognition in Humans|journal=Journal of Anthropological Sciences|volume=95|issue=95|pages=219–234|doi=10.4436/JASS.95006|issn=1827-4765|pmid=28489015}}&lt;/ref&gt; زنانن کوٛر ممکن طور پری ہسٹورک سائنسس مَنٛز مرکزی کردار ادا، ییتھ کیٛن زن مذہبی رسومات کوٛر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Graeber|first=David|title=[[The Dawn of Everything]]|last2=Wengrow|first2=David|date=2021|page=[https://archive.org/details/dawnofeverything0000grae/page/248 248]|author-link=David Graeber|author-link2=David Wengrow}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Budd|first=Paul|last2=Taylor|first2=Timothy|year=1995|title=The Faerie Smith Meets the Bronze Industry: Magic Versus Science in the Interpretation of Prehistoric Metal-Making|journal=World Archaeology|volume=27|issue=1|pages=133–143|doi=10.1080/00438243.1995.9980297|jstor=124782}}&lt;/ref&gt; کیانٛہہ اسکالرز چھ &quot;1&quot; پروٹو سائنس &quot;2&quot; اصطلاح اِستِمال کران ماضی ہنٛد سرگرمین ہنٛد لیبل لگاونہٕ خٲطرٕ یوس کیانٛہہ جدید سائنسس سٟتؠ ملان چھِ مگر تمام خصوصیات چھ نہٕ۔ تاہم، اَتھ لیبلس پؠٹھ چھ تَنقیٖد تہٕ یوان کرنہٕ زِ سہٕ چھ بدنام کران، یا چھ واریاہ زیادٕہ مشور کن کرن موجودٕ، یمن سرگرمیہ ہنٛد بارس مَنٛز چھ سوچان صرف جدید زأژن ہنٛد حوالہٕ سٟتؠ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Tuomela|first=Raimo|title=Rational Changes in Science|publisher=Springer|year=1987|isbn=978-94-010-8181-8|editor-last=Pitt|editor-first=J.C.|series=Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science|volume=98|location=Dordrecht|pages=83–101|chapter=Science, Protoscience, and Pseudoscience|doi=10.1007/978-94-009-3779-6_4|editor-last2=Pera|editor-first2=M.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Smith|first=Pamela H.|year=2009|title=Science on the Move: Recent Trends in the History of Early Modern Science|journal=Renaissance Quarterly|volume=62|pages=345–375|doi=10.1086/599864|pmid=19750597}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Fleck|first=Robert|date=March 2021|title=Fundamental Themes in Physics from the History of Art|journal=Physics in Perspective|language=en|volume=23|issue=1|pages=25–48|bibcode=2021PhP....23...25F|doi=10.1007/s00016-020-00269-7|issn=1422-6944|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Dear|first=Peter|year=2012|title=Historiography of Not-So-Recent Science|journal=History of Science|volume=50|pages=197–211|doi=10.1177/007327531205000203}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== شاخ ==
مؠن  
جدیٖد سائنس چھ عام طور پٲٹھؠ تیرٚن بٔڑؠن شاخن مَنٛز تقسیم کرنہٕ آمت: نیچرل سائنس، سوشل سائنس تہٕ رسمی سائنس&lt;ref name=&quot;cohen2021&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Cohen|first=Eliel|url=https://www.routledge.com/The-University-and-its-Boundaries-Thriving-or-Surviving-in-the-21st-Century/Cohen/p/book/9780367562984|title=The University and its Boundaries: Thriving or Surviving in the 21st Century|publisher=Routledge|year=2021|isbn=978-0-367-56298-4|location=New York|pages=14–41|chapter=The boundary lens: theorising academic actitity|access-date=May 4, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210505045450/https://www.routledge.com/The-University-and-its-Boundaries-Thriving-or-Surviving-in-the-21st-Century/Cohen/p/book/9780367562984|archive-date=May 5, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یمن شاخن مَنٛز چھ پرؠتھ اَکھ مختلف خصوصی مگر اوور لیپنگ سائنسی مضامینن پؠٹھ مشتمل یمن مَنٛز اکثر پنُن ناو تہٕ مہارت چھ آسان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=March 7, 2007|title=Scientific Method: Relationships Among Scientific Paradigms|url=http://seedmagazine.com/content/article/scientific_method_relationships_among_scientific_paradigms/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161101001155/http://seedmagazine.com/content/article/scientific_method_relationships_among_scientific_paradigms/|archive-date=November 1, 2016|access-date=November 4, 2016|website=Seed Magazine}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161101001155/http://seedmagazine.com/content/article/scientific_method_relationships_among_scientific_paradigms/ |date=November 1, 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt; قدرتی تہٕ سمٲجی علوم دۄشوے چھِ تجربٲتی علوم تیکیاز تمن ہنٛد علم چھ تجربٲتی مشاہدات پؠٹھ مبنی تہٕ امی حالاتن مَنٛز کٲم کرن وألن دیمن محققینن ہنٛدٕ ذریع چھِ یمن ہنٛز درستگی ہنٛد تجربہٕ کرنچ صلاحیت تھاوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Bunge1998&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Bunge|first=Mario Augusto|title=Philosophy of Science: From Problem to Theory|url=https://archive.org/details/philosophyofscie0001bung|publisher=Transaction Publishers|year=1998|isbn=978-0-7658-0413-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/philosophyofscie0001bung/page/24 24]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;popper2002a&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Popper|first=Karl R.|url=https://archive.org/details/logicscientificd00popp_574|title=The Logic of Scientific Discovery|publisher=Routledge Classics|year=2002a|isbn=978-0-415-27844-7|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/logicscientificd00popp_574/page/n133 3]–26|chapter=A survey of some fundamental problems|oclc=59377149|url-access=limited}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== قدرتی سائنس ===
قدرتی سائنس چھ طبعی دنیا ہک مطالعہٕ۔ یہٕ چھ زٕ اہم شاخہٕ: زندگی ہنٛد سائنس تہٕ طبعی سائنس یم دۄنوے شعبہٕ چھ مزید خصوصی مضامینن مَنٛز تقسیم یوان کرنہٕ۔ مثال کہ طورس پؠٹھ چھِ فزیکل سائنس [[ترٛایُت|فزکس]] [[رسایٚن|کیمسٹری]] [[فَلکِیات|فلکیات]] تہٕ ارتھ سائنسس مَنٛز تقسیم کرنہٕ یوان۔ جدید قدرتی سائنس چھ قدیم یونان مَنٛز شۆروٗع گژھن وألؠ قدرتی فلسفک جانشین۔ گیلیلیو ڈیکارٹس بیکن تہٕ نیوٹن کٔر تمن طریقن ہنٛد استعمالک فوائدن پؠٹھ بحث یِم طریقہٕ کارس مَنٛز زیٛادٕ ریاضی تہٕ زیٛادٕ تجربأتی ٲسؠ۔ توتہٕ، فلسفیانہٕ نقطہ نظر، قیاس آرائیاں تہٕ مفروضہٕ، یمن اکثر نظر انداز چھِ یوان کرنہٕ، چھ قدرتی سائنسس مَنٛز ضۆروٗری۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Gauch2003&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Gauch|first=Hugh G. Jr.|title=Scientific Method in Practice|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2003|isbn=978-0-521-01708-4|location=Cambridge, United Kingdom|pages=21–73|chapter=Science in perspective|access-date=September 3, 2018|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iVkugqNG9dAC&amp;pg=PA71|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225200202/https://books.google.com/books?id=iVkugqNG9dAC&amp;pg=PA71|archive-date=December 25, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; منظم ڈیٹا کلیکشن، بشمول دریافت سائنس قدرتی تٲریخ مَنٛز کامیاب گوو، یوس 16 مہ صدی مَنٛز کُلؠ کٹؠ، جانور، معدنیات تہٕ دیگر کیانٛہہ بیان تہٕ درجہ بندی کٔرِتھ چھِ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Oglivie2008&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Oglivie|first=Brian W.|title=The Science of Describing: Natural History in Renaissance Europe|url=https://archive.org/details/scienceofdescrib0000ogil|publisher=University of Chicago Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-226-62088-6|edition=Paperback|location=Chicago|pages=[https://archive.org/details/scienceofdescrib0000ogil/page/1 1]–24|chapter=Introduction}}&lt;/ref&gt; از، &quot;قدرتی تٲریخ&quot; چھ مشٲہدٕٲتی وضاحتہٕ تجویز کران یمیوک مقصد مَقبوٗل سامعینن چھِ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Wordnet definition&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Natural History|url=http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=natural+history|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303173506/http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=natural+history|archive-date=March 3, 2012|access-date=October 21, 2012|publisher=Princeton University WordNet}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== سوشل سائنس ===
[[فَیِل:Supply-demand-equilibrium.svg|alt=Two curve crossing over at a point, forming a X shape|thumb|معاشیاتس منٛز سپلائی تہٕ ڈیمانڈ منحنی خطوط، بہترین توازنس سۭتؠ گزران۔]]
سمٲجی سائنس چھِ انسٲنی رویس تہٕ معٲشرن ہنٛد کامہ ہنٛد مطالعہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;colanderhunt2019&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Colander|first=David C.|title=Social Science: An Introduction to the Study of Society|last2=Hunt|first2=Elgin F.|date=2019|publisher=Routledge|edition=17th|location=New York, NY|pages=1–22|chapter=Social science and its methods}}&lt;/ref&gt; اَتھ مَنٛز چھِ واریاہ شعبہٕ یمن مَنٛز [[بَشرِیات|بشریات۔]] معاشیات، تأریخ، اِنسٲنی جغرافیہ سیاسیات، [[نَفسِیات|نفسیات]] تہٕ سمٲجیات شٲمل چھِ مگر یمن تام چھُ نہٕ محدود۔[1] سمأجی علومس مَنٛز، چھ واریاہ مسابقتی نظریاتی نقطہٕ نظر، یمن مَنٛز واریاہ چھِ مسابقتی تحقیقی پروگرام ہِنٛد ذریع بڑاونہٕ آمتؠ یِتھ کٔنؠ فنکشنلسٹ تنازعہ تھیوریسٹ تہٕ سمٲجیاتس مَنٛز تعامل پسند۔[1] افرادن ہنٛد بھڑن گروپن یا پیچیدٕ حالاتن مَنٛز کنٹرول شدہ تجرباتک انعقادچ حدودن ہنٛد وجہ سۭتؠ، سمأجی سائنسدان ہکن باقی تحقیقی طریقہٕ اختیار کرِتھ یتھکن تٲریخی طریقہٕ کیس اسٹڈیز تہٕ بین الثقافتی مطالعہ مزید برآں، اگر مقداری معلومات دستیاب چھِ، سَمٲجی سائنسدان سَمٲجی تعلقات تہٕ عملس بہتر طور پٲٹھؠ سمجھنہٕ خٲطرٕ چھ شماریاتی نقطہ نظرس پؠٹھ انحصار کران۔[1]&lt;ref name=&quot;colanderhunt2019&quot; /&gt;

=== رسمی سائنس ===
رسمی سائنس چھ مطٲلعہٕ کرنُک اَکھ شعبہٕ یس رسمی نظام اِستِمال کران چھِ علم پٲدٕ کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;wluniversity2021&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Formal Sciences: Washington and Lee University|url=https://my.wlu.edu/the-sciences-at-wandl/formal-sciences|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514125428/https://my.wlu.edu/the-sciences-at-wandl/formal-sciences|archive-date=May 14, 2021|access-date=May 14, 2021|website=Washington and Lee University|quote=A &quot;formal science&quot; is an area of study that uses formal systems to generate knowledge such as in Mathematics and Computer Science.  Formal sciences are important subjects because all of quantitative science depends on them.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;löwe2002&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Löwe|first=Benedikt|author-link=Benedikt Löwe|year=2002|title=The formal sciences: their scope, their foundations, and their unity|journal=Synthese|volume=133|issue=1/2|pages=5–11|doi=10.1023/A:1020887832028}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;rucker2019&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Rucker|first=Rudy|url=http://www.rudyrucker.com/infinityandthemind/#calibre_link-328|title=Infinity and the Mind: The Science and Philosophy of the Infinite|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=2019|isbn=978-0-691-19138-6|edition=Reprint|location=Princeton, New Jersey|pages=157–188|chapter=Robots and souls|author-link=Rudy Rucker|access-date=May 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226212447/http://www.rudyrucker.com/infinityandthemind/#calibre_link-328|archive-date=February 26, 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; اَکھ رسمی نظام چھ اَکھ تجریدی ڈھانچہٕ یس قواعد کہ اکہٕ مجموعس مطٲبق محوریات پیٹھہٕ نظریات کہ اندازٕ لگاونہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال چھ یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=formal system|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/formal-system|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080429174130/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9034889/formal-system|archive-date=April 29, 2008|access-date=May 30, 2022|website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; اَتھ مَنٛز چھ ریاضی، سسٹم تھیوری تہٕ نظریاتی کمپیوٹر سائنس شٲمل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Tomalin|first=Marcus|title=Linguistics and the Formal Sciences|year=2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Löwe|first=Benedikt|year=2002|title=The Formal Sciences: Their Scope, Their Foundations, and Their Unity|journal=Synthese|volume=133|pages=5–11|doi=10.1023/a:1020887832028}}&lt;/ref&gt; رسمی علوم چھِ علم کس شعبس مَنٛز معروضی، محتاط تہٕ منظم مطالعس پیٚٹھ انحصار کٔرِتھ باقی دۄن شاخن سۭتؠ مماثلت تھاوان۔ تاہم، تِم چھِ تجربأتی علومس سۭتؠ مختلف تیکیاز تم چھ پنُن تجریدی تصوراتچ تصدیق خأطرٕ، تجربأتی شواہدن ہنٛز ضرورت بغأر، خصوصی طورس پؠٹھ کٹوتی استدلال پؠٹھ انحصار کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Fetzer2013&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Fetzer|first=James H.|title=Computers and Cognition: Why Minds are not Machines|publisher=Kluwer Academic Publishers|year=2013|isbn=978-1-4438-1946-6|location=Newcastle, United Kingdom|pages=271–308|chapter=Computer reliability and public policy: Limits of knowledge of computer-based systems}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bill2007&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Bill|first=Thompson|title=The Nature of Statistical Evidence|publisher=Springer|year=2007|series=Lecture Notes in Statistics|volume=189|page=15|chapter=2.4 Formal Science and Applied Mathematics}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;popper2002a&quot;/&gt; رسمی علوم چھِ امہٕ موجُب &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwA4E&quot;&gt;اَکھ ترجیحی&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; مضامین تہٕ امکہٕ وجہ سۭتؠ، اَتھ کتھؠ پؠٹھ چھِ اختلاف کہ آیا تم چھ سائنسچ تشکیل کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Bishop1991&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Bishop|first=Alan|title=Mathematical Enculturation: A Cultural Perspective on Mathematics Education|publisher=Kluwer Academic Publishers|year=1991|isbn=978-0-7923-1270-3|location=Norwell, Massachusetts|pages=20–59|chapter=Environmental activities and mathematical culture|access-date=March 24, 2018|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9AgrBgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA54|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225195821/https://books.google.com/books?id=9AgrBgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA54|archive-date=December 25, 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bunge 1998&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Bunge|first=Mario|title=Philosophy of Science: Volume 1, From Problem to Theory|date=1998|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-7658-0413-6|edition=revised|volume=1|location=New York|pages=3–50|chapter=The Scientific Approach}}&lt;/ref&gt; بہر حال، رسمی علوم چھِ تجربأتی علومس مَنٛز اہم کردار ادا کران۔ مثال کہ طورس پؠٹھ کیلکولس اوس گوڈنٕک لٹہ طبیعیاتس مَنٛز [[حَرکَتھ (موشَن)|حرکت]] سمجھنہٕ خٲطرٕ ایجاد کرنہٕ آمت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;MujumdarandTejinder2016&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Mujumdar|first=Anshu Gupta|title=Trick or Truth?: The Mysterious Connection Between Physics and Mathematics|last2=Singh|first2=Tejinder|publisher=SpringerNature|year=2016|isbn=978-3-319-27494-2|editor-last=Aguirre|editor-first=Anthony|edition=|series=The Frontiers Collection|location=Switzerland|pages=201–218|chapter=Cognitive science and the connection between physics and mathematics|editor-last2=Foster|editor-first2=Brendan}}&lt;/ref&gt; قدرتی تہٕ مٲلی علوم یم ریاضیاتی ایپلیکیشنن پؠٹھ واریاہ زیٛادٕ انحصار چھِ کران تمن مَنٛز چھِ ریاضیاتی طبیعیات کیمسٹری حیاتیات۔ مالیات، تہٕ معاشیات شٲمل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=About the Journal|url=http://jmp.aip.org/jmp/staff.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061003233339/http://jmp.aip.org/jmp/staff.jsp|archive-date=October 3, 2006|access-date=October 3, 2006|website=[[Journal of Mathematical Physics]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Restrepo|first=G.|url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/essays-in-the-philosophy-of-chemistry-9780190494599?cc=de&amp;lang=en&amp;|title=Essays in the philosophy of chemistry|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2016|isbn=978-0-19-049459-9|editor-last=Scerri|editor-first=E.|location=New York, UK|pages=332–351|chapter=Mathematical chemistry, a new discipline|editor-last2=Fisher|editor-first2=G.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210610130352/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/essays-in-the-philosophy-of-chemistry-9780190494599?cc=de&amp;lang=en&amp;|archive-date=June 10, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=What is mathematical biology|url=http://www.bath.ac.uk/cmb/mathBiology/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923070442/http://www.bath.ac.uk/cmb/mathBiology/|archive-date=September 23, 2018|access-date=June 7, 2018|publisher=Centre for Mathematical Biology, University of Bath}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923070442/http://www.bath.ac.uk/cmb/mathBiology/ |date=September 23, 2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Johnson|first=Tim|date=September 1, 2009|title=What is financial mathematics?|url=https://plus.maths.org/content/what-financial-mathematics|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408231344/https://plus.maths.org/content/what-financial-mathematics|archive-date=April 8, 2022|access-date=March 1, 2021|website=+Plus Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== اپلائیڈ سائنس ===
ایپلائیڈ سائنس چھِ عملی مقصدن حٲصل کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ سائنسی طریقہٕ کار تہٕ علمک اِستِمال تہٕ اَتھ مَنٛز چھ انجینئرنگ تہٕ طب ہیوؠ مضامینک اَکھ وسیع رینج شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;abraham2004&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Abraham|first=Reem Rachel|year=2004|title=Clinically oriented physiology teaching: strategy for developing critical-thinking skills in undergraduate medical students|journal=Advances in Physiology Education|volume=28|issue=3|pages=102–04|doi=10.1152/advan.00001.2004|pmid=15319191}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;mbunge1966&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Bunge|first=M|title=Contributions to a Philosophy of Technology|publisher=Springer|year=1966|isbn=978-94-010-2184-5|editor-last=Rapp|editor-first=F.|location=Dordrecht, Netherlands|pages=19–39|chapter=Technology as Applied Science|doi=10.1007/978-94-010-2182-1_2}}&lt;/ref&gt; انجینئرنگ چھ سائنسی اصولن ہنٛد اِستِمال مشینہٕ، ڈھانچہٕ تہٕ ٹیکنالوجیز ایجاد، ڈیزائن تہٕ تعمیر کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;cambridgedictionary&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Cambridge Dictionary|url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/engineering|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819030859/https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/engineering|archive-date=August 19, 2019|access-date=March 25, 2021|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}&lt;/ref&gt; سائنس ہیکہٕ دأخلستانن مَنٛز نین ٹیکنالوجیز تیار کرنس مَنٛز مدد کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Brooks|first=Harvey|date=1994-09-01|title=The relationship between science and technology|url=https://www.belfercenter.org/sites/default/files/files/publication/sciencetechnology.pdf|journal=Research Policy|series=Special Issue in Honor of Nathan Rosenberg|language=en|volume=23|issue=5|pages=477–486|doi=10.1016/0048-7333(94)01001-3|issn=0048-7333|access-date=2024-03-30|archive-date=2022-12-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230224402/https://www.belfercenter.org/sites/default/files/files/publication/sciencetechnology.pdf|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230224402/https://www.belfercenter.org/sites/default/files/files/publication/sciencetechnology.pdf |date=2022-12-30 }}&lt;/ref&gt; دوا چھ زخم یا بیمار ہنٛز روک تھام، [[تَشخیٖص (طِب)|تشخیص]] تہٕ علاج۔ کہ ذریعہ صحت برقرار تھونہٕ تہٕ بچاو۔ کٔرِتھ مریضن ہنٛز دیکھ بھال کرنک عمل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Firth|first=John|title=Oxford textbook of medicine|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2020|isbn=978-0-19-874669-0|location=Oxford|chapter=Science in medicine: when, how, and what}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Saunders|first=J.|date=June 2000|title=The practice of clinical medicine as an art and as a science|journal=Med Humanit|volume=26|issue=1|pages=18–22|doi=10.1136/mh.26.1.18|pmc=1071282|pmid=12484313|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; اطلاقی علوم چھ اکثر بنیٲدی علومس سۭتؠ متصادم آسان، یم سائنسی نظریات تہٕ قوانینن ترقی دینس پؠٹھ مرکوز چھ یم قدرتی دنیاہس مَنٛز واقعاتن ہنٛز وضاحت تہٕ پیشین گوئی چھ کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Davis&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Davis|first=Bernard D.|date=March 2000|title=Limited scope of science|journal=Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews|volume=64|issue=1|pages=1–12|doi=10.1128/MMBR.64.1.1-12.2000|pmc=98983|pmid=10704471|postscript=none}} &amp; &quot;Technology&quot; in {{Cite journal|last=Davis|first=Bernard|author-link=Bernard Davis (biologist)|date=Mar 2000|title=The scientist's world|journal=[[Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews]]|volume=64|issue=1|pages=1–12|doi=10.1128/MMBR.64.1.1-12.2000|pmc=98983|pmid=10704471}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;McCormick&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=McCormick|first=James|year=2001|title=Scientific medicine—fact of fiction? The contribution of science to medicine|journal=Occasional Paper (Royal College of General Practitioners)|pages=3–6|pmc=2560978|pmid=19790950}}&lt;/ref&gt;

کمپیوٹیشنل سائنس چھِ حقیقی دنیا کیٛن حالاتن نقل کرنہٕ خاطرٕ کمپیوٹنگ طاقتک اطلاق کران، یمہٕ سۭتؠ صرف رسمی ریاضی ہنٛد حصول کہ مقابلس مَنٛز سائنسی مسئلن ہنٛز بہتر تفہیم چھِ ممکن گژھان۔ مشین لرننگ تہٕ مصنوعی ذہانت اِستِمال چھِ سائنسس مَنٛز کمپیوٹیشنل شراکتک اَکھ مرکزی خصوصیت بنان، مثلن ایجنٹس پؠٹھ مبنی کمپیوٹیشنل معاشیات، بے ترتیب جنگل موضوع کس ماڈلنگ تہٕ پیشین گوئی ہنٛز مختلف شکلن مَنٛز۔ تاہم، اکیلہٕ مشینہٕ چھ شاذ و نادر ہی علمس ترقی دیوان تکیازِ تمن چھِ انسٲنی رہنمائی تہٕ استدلالچ صلاحیتچ ضرورت آسان تہٕ تم ہیٛکن بعض سمأجی گروپن خلاف تعصب متعارف کٔرِتھ یا بعض اوقات انسانن خلاف کم کارکردگی ہنٛد مظٲہرٕ کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Breznau|first=Nate|year=2022|title=Integrating Computer Prediction Methods in Social Science: A Comment on Hofman et al. (2021)|url=https://osf.io/adxb3/download|journal=Social Science Computer Review|volume=40|issue=3|pages=844–853|doi=10.1177/08944393211049776|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hofman|first=Jake M.|last2=Watts|first2=Duncan J.|author-link2=Duncan J. Watts|last3=Athey|first3=Susan|author-link3=Susan Athey|last4=Garip|first4=Filiz|last5=Griffiths|first5=Thomas L.|author-link5=Tom Griffiths (cognitive scientist)|last6=Kleinberg|first6=Jon|author-link6=Jon Kleinberg|last7=Margetts|first7=Helen|author-link7=Helen Margetts|last8=Mullainathan|first8=Sendhil|author-link8=Sendhil Mullainathan|last9=Salganik|first9=Matthew J.|author-link9=Matthew J. Salganik|last10=Vazire|first10=Simine|last11=Vespignani|first11=Alessandro|date=July 2021|title=Integrating explanation and prediction in computational social science|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03659-0|url-status=live|journal=Nature|language=en|volume=595|issue=7866|pages=181–188|bibcode=2021Natur.595..181H|doi=10.1038/s41586-021-03659-0|issn=1476-4687|pmid=34194044|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925074416/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03659-0|archive-date=September 25, 2021|access-date=September 25, 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== بین الضابطی سائنس ===
بین الضابطی سائنس مَنٛز چھ زٕ یا زیٛادٕ مضامین اکس مَنٛز شأمل، ییتھ کیٛن زَن بائیوفارمیٹکس، حیاتیات تہٕ کمپیوٹر سائنسک امتزاج یا علمی علوم&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Nissani|first=M.|year=1995|title=Fruits, Salads, and Smoothies: A Working definition of Interdisciplinarity|journal=The Journal of Educational Thought|volume=29|issue=2|pages=121–128|jstor=23767672}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=https://archive.org/details/digitalcodeoflif0000mood|title=Digital Code of Life: How Bioinformatics is Revolutionizing Science, Medicine, and Business|vauthors=Moody G|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|year=2004|isbn=978-0-471-32788-2|page=vii|url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہٕ تصوُر قدیم یونٲنی پیٹھہٕ چھِ موجود تہٕ یہٕ گو 20 مہ صدی مَنٛز دوبارٕ مَقبوٗل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ausburg&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ausburg|first=Tanya|title=Becoming Interdisciplinary: An Introduction to Interdisciplinary Studies|url=https://archive.org/details/becominginterdis0000augs|publisher=Kendall/Hunt Publishing|year=2006|edition=2nd|location=New York}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''کرٛالہٕ مۆنٛڈ''' چھُ سرسٕ خاندانک (براسیکیئ) اَکھ لۄکٹ سالانہٕ تہٕ روڈرل کلؠ۔{{r|parnell2012}} یہِ چھ مشرقی [[یوٗرَپ|یورپ]] تہٕ ایشیا ہک مقٲمی باشندٕ، مگر دنیا کیٛن کنہہ حصن مَنٛز چھ قدرتی تہٕ عام گھاس سمجھنہٕ یوان، خاص طورس پؠٹھ سرد آب و ہواس مَنٛز، بشمول برطانوی جزائر، یتہٕ یہٕ چھ اَکھ آثار قدیمہ سمجھنہٕ یوان۔ [[شُمٲلی امریکہ|شمالی امریکہ]] چین، بلکہ بحیرہ روم تہٕ شمالی افریقہس مَنٛز تہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Aksoy1998&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Aksoy|first=A|last2=Dixon|first2=JM|last3=Hale|first3=WH|year=1998|title=Biological flora of the British Isles. ''Capsella bursa-pastoris'' (L.) Medikus (''Thlaspi bursapastoris'' L., ''Bursa bursa-pastoris'' (L.) Shull, ''Bursa pastoris'' (L.) Weber)|journal=Journal of Ecology|volume=86|pages=171–186|arxiv=1303.1393|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00260.x}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;pakistan&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Capsella bursa-pastoris|url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&amp;taxon_id=200009292|website=Flora of Pakistan}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G۔ and Warburg, E.F۔ 1968. &lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Preston2002&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Preston|first=CD|title=New Atlas of the British &amp; Irish Flora|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780198510673|last2=Pearman|first2=DA|last3=Dines|first3=TD|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2002|isbn=978-0198510673}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Preston2004&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Preston|first=CD|last2=Pearman|first2=DA|last3=Hall|first3=AR|year=2004|title=Archaeophytes in Britain|journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society|volume=145|issue=3|pages=257–294|doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00284.x|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik|url=https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=CABU2|website=[[USDA]] Plants Database}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;neltje&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Blanchan, Neltje|title=Wild Flowers Worth Knowing|title-link=Wild Flowers Worth Knowing|publisher=[[Project Gutenberg|Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation]]|year=2005|author-link=Neltje Blanchan}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;china&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Capsella bursa-pastoris|url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&amp;taxon_id=200009292|website=Flora of China}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:کُلؠ کٔٹؠ]]</text>
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انسٲنی امیونو ڈیفیشینسی وایرس ('''ایچ۔آے۔وی/ایچ-آیی-وی''') چھ لینٹو وایرسٕچ زٕ زٲژ (ریٹو وایرسک اَکھ ذیلی گروپ یس انسانن بیمار چھُ کران) ۔ وختَس سٟتؠ سٟتؠ، تم چھ ایکوایرڈ [[ایڈٕس|امیونو ڈیفیشینسی سنڈروم]] سبب بنان (ایڈز) اَکھ یژھ حالت یَتھ مَنٛز مدافعتی نظام ترقی پسند ناکٲمی زندگی ہنٛد خطرٕ موقعہٕ سٟتؠ انفیکشن تہٕ [[کَنسَر|کینسر۔]] ترقی کرنک اجازت دیوان چھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid8493571&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Weiss RA|date=May 1993|title=How does HIV cause AIDS?|journal=Science|volume=260|issue=5112|pages=1273–9|bibcode=1993Sci...260.1273W|doi=10.1126/science.8493571|pmid=8493571}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid18947296&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Douek DC, Roederer M, Koup RA|year=2009|title=Emerging Concepts in the Immunopathogenesis of AIDS|journal=Annual Review of Medicine|volume=60|pages=471–84|doi=10.1146/annurev.med.60.041807.123549|pmc=2716400|pmid=18947296}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;pmid27611681&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Powell MK, Benková K, Selinger P, Dogoši M, Kinkorová Luňáčková I, Koutníková H, Laštíková J, Roubíčková A, Špůrková Z, Laclová L, Eis V, Šach J, Heneberg P|year=2016|title=Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Patients Differ Strongly in Frequencies and Spectra between Patients with Low CD4+ Cell Counts Examined Postmortem and Compensated Patients Examined Antemortem Irrespective of the HAART Era|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=11|issue=9|pages=e0162704|bibcode=2016PLoSO..1162704P|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0162704|pmc=5017746|pmid=27611681|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; علاجہٕ ورٲیہٕ، ایچ آی وی کہ ذیلی قٕسم کہ لحاظٕ چھ ایچ آی وی سٟتؠ انفیکشن پتہٕ زندٕ روزنک اوسط وختٕک تخمینہٕ 9 پیٹھہٕ 11 وری تام آسان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;UNAIDS2007&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=UNAIDS|last2=WHO|date=December 2007|title=2007 AIDS epidemic update|url=https://data.unaids.org/pub/epislides/2007/2007_epiupdate_en.pdf#page16|page=16}}&lt;/ref&gt;

زیٛادٕ تر معاملاتن مَنٛز چھِ ایچ آیی وی جنسی طور پٲٹھؠ منتقل گژھن وول انفیکشن تہٕ چھ خون، پری ایجکولیٹ، مٕچھ semen تہٕ زنانہٕ ہنٛدس شرمگاہ کہِ فلیوڈو سٟتؠ رابطک ذریعہٕ[[ایڈٕس|چھ گژھان۔]]&lt;ref name=&quot;PARTNER2-2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|display-authors=6|vauthors=Rodger AJ, Cambiano V, Bruun T, Vernazza P, Collins S, Degen O, Corbelli GM, Estrada V, Geretti AM, Beloukas A, Raben D, Coll P, Antinori A, Nwokolo N, Rieger A, Prins JM, Blaxhult A, Weber R, Van Eeden A, Brockmeyer NH, Clarke A, Del Romero Guerrero J, Raffi F, Bogner JR, Wandeler G, Gerstoft J, Gutiérrez F, Brinkman K, Kitchen M, Ostergaard L, Leon A, Ristola M, Jessen H, Stellbrink HJ, Phillips AN, Lundgren J|date=June 2019|title=Risk of HIV transmission through condomless sex in serodifferent gay couples with the HIV-positive partner taking suppressive antiretroviral therapy (PARTNER): final results of a multicentre, prospective, observational study|journal=Lancet|volume=393|issue=10189|pages=2428–2438|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30418-0|pmc=6584382|pmid=31056293|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Fauci-JAMA&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|author-link3=Anthony S. Fauci|vauthors=Eisinger RW, Dieffenbach CW, Fauci AS|date=February 2019|title=HIV Viral Load and Transmissibility of HIV Infection: Undetectable Equals Untransmittable|journal=JAMA|volume=321|issue=5|pages=451–452|doi=10.1001/jama.2018.21167|pmid=30629090}}&lt;/ref&gt; حمل۔ دوران ہیکہ اَکھ بیمار ماجہ پیٹھہٕ تہند بچس تام غٲر جنسی منتقلی گژھتھ، زچنہٕ وز ہیکہ تیم سٕنٛد خون یا شرمگاہ کہ فلیوڈو کہ ایکسپوزر کہ ذریعہ تہٕ چھاتی ہنٛد دۄدٕ کہ ذریعہ تہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Mabuka J, Nduati R, Odem-Davis K, Peterson D, Overbaugh J|year=2012|title=HIV-Specific Antibodies Capable of ADCC Are Common in Breastmilk and Are Associated with Reduced Risk of Transmission in Women with High Viral Loads|journal=PLOS Pathogens|volume=8|issue=6|pages=e1002739|doi=10.1371/journal.ppat.1002739|pmc=3375288|pmid=22719248|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Anthropology and public health : bridging differences in culture and society|url=https://archive.org/details/anthropologypubl0000unse_v3c8|date=2009|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-537464-3|veditors=Hahn RA, Inhorn MC|edition=2nd|location=Oxford|pages=[https://archive.org/details/anthropologypubl0000unse_v3c8/page/449 449]|oclc=192042314}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mead&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Mead MN|year=2008|title=Contaminants in human milk: weighing the risks against the benefits of breastfeeding|url=http://www.ehponline.org/members/2008/116-10/focus.html|url-status=dead|journal=Environmental Health Perspectives|volume=116|issue=10|pages=A426–34|doi=10.1289/ehp.116-a426|pmc=2569122|pmid=18941560|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081106182431/http://www.ehponline.org/members/2008/116-10/focus.html|archive-date=6 November 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{citation-attribution|{{cite web|url=https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/hiv-prevention/reducing-mother-to-child-risk/preventing-mother-to-child-transmission-of-hiv|title=Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV|website=HIV.gov|access-date=2017-12-08|date=2017-05-15}}}}&lt;/ref&gt; یمن جسمٲنی رٲبطن مَنٛز چھ ایٚچ آیی وی مفت وایرس۔ ذرٕ تہٕ وایرس دۄشوٕنی ہٕنٛدس طورس پیٚٹھ موجود۔تحقیقہٕ سٟتؠ چھ پتاہ کڑنہٕ آمت (ہم جنس تہٕ مُخٲلِف جنس دۄشونی جورؠن خاطرٕ) ز اگر ایچ آیی وی پوزیٹیو پارٹنرس مَنٛز مسلسل ناقابل شناخت وایرل لوڈ چھ آسان تیلہٕ چھ کونڈم وغأر جنسی تعلقات کہ ذریع ایچ آیی وی ناقابل منتقلی۔&lt;ref name=&quot;PARTNER2-2019&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Fauci-JAMA&quot; /&gt;</text>
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[[File:The Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh addressing at the Convocation Ceremony of Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences in Srinagar on November 17, 2004.jpg|thumb|The Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh addressing at the Convocation Ceremony of Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences in Srinagar on November 17, 2004]]

شیرِ کشمیٖر انسٹی ٹیوٗٹ آف میڈیکل سائنِسز یا یَتھ سۆۄر ہسپتال تہٕ چھِ ونان چھ ریاستہ کہ قانون ساز ایکٹس تحت سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ بوڑ طبی ادارٕ یس ہنٛدستان کہِ مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کِس سِریٖنَگرَس مَنٛز واقع چھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=5 April 2013|title=Kashmir’s dream hospital has seen 12,860 deaths in last 5 years: CAG|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/kashmirs-dream-hospital-has-seen-12860-deaths-in-last-5-years-cag/article4585689.ece|via=www.thehindu.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;greaterkashmir&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=GreaterKashmir.com (Greater Service)|title=SKIMS Medical College students suspend classes|url=http://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/2013/Dec/5/skims-medical-college-students-suspend-classes-57.asp|access-date=2014-08-07|publisher=greaterkashmir.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ایس کے آیی ایم ایس چھِ مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ جموں و کشمیرک وٲحد طبی یونیورسٹی، یمیک سربراہ چھِ اَکھ ڈایریکٹر یس حکوٗمتک دفٲعی سکریٹری تہٕ چھُ۔

== تٲریخ ==
امچ تعمیر گیہٚ 1960 مَنٛز شۆروٗع۔ انسٹیٹیوٹ آو جزوی طور 5 دَسَمبَر 1982 مَنٛز شۆروٗع کرنہٕ۔ 19 اَگَست 1983 ہس مَنٛز آو شیر کشمیر انسٹی ٹیوٹ آف میڈیکل سائنسز انسٹی ٹیوٹ طرفہٕ ریاستی مقننہ ایکٹ کس حیثیتس تحت یونیورسٹی ہیو درجہ دنہٕ۔ پرٛؠتھ ؤری چھِ ادارٕ 5 دَسَمبَر پننہِ یوم تاسیس پٲٹھؠ مناوان یُس [[شيخ عبدالله|شیخ محمد عبداللہ]] سٕنٛد زاہ دۄہ چھُ آسان۔

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:Coordinates on Wikidata]]
[[جموں و کشمیر بورڈ آف سکول ایجوکیشن]]
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ]]</text>
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'''سونل کوشل''' چھےٚ اَکھ [[ہِندوستان|ہندوستٲنؠ]] آواز فنکار، یوٚسہٕ ہندوستانس مَنٛز ''ڈوریمون  Doraemon کامہِ باپتھ مشہوٗر چھےٚ، تہٕ چھِ [[ڈوریمون|ڈوریمنس]] مرکزی کردار ادا کران۔''&lt;references /&gt;
سۄ چھ عام طور پٲٹھؠ دی موٹر ماؤتھ کہ ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ یوان، تکیاز سۄ چھ کارٹونن مَنٛز واریاہن کردارن آواز دِوان۔ أمہ کٔر ''بند بدھ اور بڈبک'' مَنٛز بددیو، ''لٹل سنگھم'' مَنٛز بابلی تہٕ واریاہن فلمن مَنٛز آواز۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Meet Sonal Kaushal, Doraemon's Hindi voice|url=https://www.femina.in/achievers/meet-sonal-kaushal-doraemons-hindi-voice-98294.html|website=femina.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Sharma|first=Sunil|date=14 April 2019|title=महज 6 वर्ष की उम्र में शुरू की वॉइस रिकॉर्डिंग, पलक झपकते बनी पूरे इंडिया की पसंद|trans-title=Voice recording started at the age of just 6, became the choice of whole India in the blink of an eye|url=https://www.patrika.com/management-mantra/motivational-story-of-sonal-kaushal-in-hindi-4428051/|website=Patrika News|language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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'''کارپس کیلوسم''' (لاطینی  &quot;سخت جسم&quot;) یَتھ  '''کالوسل کمیشور''' تہِ وَنان چھِ چھُ اَکھ کھُلہ، مۄٹ [[نٲر ٹریکٹ]] یُس [[کوڈ|دؠماغس]] مَنٛز دماغی پرانتکس تل کمیسورل فایبرک اَکھ فلیٹ بنڈلس پؠٹھ مشتمل چھ۔ کارپس کالوسم چھ صرف پلاسینٹل میملز مَنٛز لبنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Velut&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Velut|first=S|last2=Destrieux|first2=C|last3=Kakou|first3=M|date=May 1998|title=[Morphologic anatomy of the corpus callosum].|journal=Neuro-Chirurgie|volume=44|issue=1 Suppl|pages=17–30|pmid=9757322}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFVelutDestrieuxKakou1998&quot;&gt;Velut, S; Destrieux, C; Kakou, M (May 1998). &quot;[Morphologic anatomy of the corpus callosum]&quot;. ''Neuro-Chirurgie''. '''44''' (1 Suppl): 17–30. [[پی ایم آئی ڈی (شناخت)|PMID]]&amp;nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9757322 9757322].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ لانگٹیوڈینل فشر کس حصس پؠٹھ پھہلتھ، یس کھوُر تہٕ دٔچھن دؠماغک ہیمہ سپھیرن جوڑان چھ، یمہٕ سٟتؠ یمن درمیان مواصلات ممکن چھُ گژھان۔ یہٕ چھ انسٲنی دؠماغُک سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ بوٚڑ سفید مادُک ڈھانچہٕ، تقریبن {{cvt|10|in|abbr=on}}  زیچھرس مَنٛز تہٕ 200 پؠٹھ 300 مِلین اؠکزان پروجیکشنن پؠٹھ مشتمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;qbi&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=10 November 2017|title=Corpus callosum|url=https://qbi.uq.edu.au/brain/brain-anatomy/corpus-callosum|website=Queensland Brain Institute}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://qbi.uq.edu.au/brain/brain-anatomy/corpus-callosum &quot;Corpus callosum&quot;]. ''Queensland Brain Institute''. 10 November 2017.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;J of N&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Luders|first=Eileen|last2=Thompson|first2=Paul M.|last3=Toga|first3=Arthur W.|date=18 August 2010|title=The Development of the Corpus Callosum in the Healthy Human Brain|journal=Journal of Neuroscience|volume=30|issue=33|pages=10985–10990|doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5122-09.2010|pmc=3197828|pmid=20720105}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFLudersThompsonToga2010&quot;&gt;Luders, Eileen; Thompson, Paul M.; Toga, Arthur W. (18 August 2010). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3197828 &quot;The Development of the Corpus Callosum in the Healthy Human Brain&quot;]. ''Journal of Neuroscience''. '''30''' (33): 10985–10990. [[ڈون (شناخت)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5122-09.2010|10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5122-09.2010]]. [[پی ایم سی (شناخت)|PMC]]&amp;nbsp;&lt;span class=&quot;id-lock-free&quot; title=&quot;Freely accessible&quot;&gt;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3197828 3197828]&lt;/span&gt;. [[پی ایم آئی ڈی (شناخت)|PMID]]&amp;nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20720105 20720105].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;

متعدد الگ الگ نٲر ٹریکٹ، یمن کارپس کیلوسمک ذیلی علاقن ہنٛد پانٹھ درجہٕ بندی چھ یوان کرنہٕ، چھِ ییمہ سپھیر کین مختلف حِصَن جوڑان۔ یِمَن مَنٛز چھِ اَہَم، روسٹرم، ٹرنک یا باڈی، تہٕ سپلینیم کہ ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Gaillard&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Gaillard|first=Frank|title=Corpus callosum {{!}} Radiology Reference Article {{!}} Radiopaedia.org|url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/corpus-callosum|website=radiopaedia.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ساخت ==

[[File:Corpuis_callosum.png|thumb|کارپس کیلوسمک [[مؠقناطیٖس تَصویٖر سٲزی|ایم آر آیی]] تہٕ کیٚنٛہہ حِصَن ناو دِنہٕ آمُت]]
[[File:Corpus_callosum.gif|thumb|کارپس کیلوسم]]
کارپس کالوسم چھُ [[لانگٹیوڈینل فِشر|لانگٹیوڈینل فِشرک]] فرش بناوان یُس دۄن دماغی  ییمہ سپھیرن الگ چھُ کران۔ کارپس کیلوسمُک حِصہٕ چھُ لیٹرل وینٹریکلز چھت بناوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Carpenter&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Carpenter|first=Malcolm|title=Core text of neuroanatomy|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_0683014552|date=1985|publisher=Williams &amp; Wilkins|isbn=978-0683014556|edition=3rd|location=Baltimore|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_0683014552/page/26 26]–32}}&lt;/ref&gt;

کارپس کالوسمس چھ ژور اہم حصہٕ آسان-انفرٲدی نٲر ٹریکٹ یم ہیمہ سپھیر کین مختلف حِصَن جوڑان چھِ۔ یِم چھِ '''روسٹرم''' '''جینو'''، '''ٹرٛنٛک''' یا '''باڈی'''، تہٕ '''سپلینیم'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Gaillard&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Gaillard|first=Frank|title=Corpus callosum {{!}} Radiology Reference Article {{!}} Radiopaedia.org|url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/corpus-callosum|website=radiopaedia.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; ٹرنک تہٕ سپلینیمس درمیان اَکھ تنگ حصہٕ چھ ایستمس کہ ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ یوان۔ ٹرنک تہٕ سپلینیمٕک فایبر چھ  '''ٹیپٹم''' کہ ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ یوان تہٕ چھِ ہر لیٹرل وینٹریکلچ چھت بناوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Cumming&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Cumming|first=WJ|date=March 1970|title=An anatomical review of the corpus callosum.|journal=Cortex; A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior|volume=6|issue=1|pages=1–18|doi=10.1016/s0010-9452(70)80033-8|pmid=4913253|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

کارپس کالوسمک برٛونٛہم حِصہٕ، برونٹھم لوبس کن، چھُ جیٖنو وننہٕ یوان۔ جیٖنو چھ سیپٹم پیلیوسیڈمس برونٹھ بۄن تہٕ پَتھ کُن مڑان، تہٕ چھ موٹٲیی مَنٛز واریہ کم گژھان۔ بۄنِم واریاہ زٲوِیُل حصہٕ چھ روسٹرم تہٕ چھ بۄن لامینا ٹرمینیلس سٟتؠ جڑتھ، یُس انٹرونٹریکولر فورامینا پیٹھہٕ [[آپٹک سٹاک]] کس بنیادس پؠٹھ چھتس تام پھہلتھ آسان۔ روسٹرمس چھ امک ناو [[جانوَر|جانورَن]] ہنٛز طونطہِ سٟتؠ مشابہت خاطرٕ تھاونہٕ آمت۔

کارپس کیلوسمک ٲخری حصَس یُس سیریبلمس کن آسان چھُ چھِ سپلینیم وننہٕ یوان۔ یہِ چھ ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ مۄٹ حصہٕ، تہٕ چھ ترٛیٚیمس وینٹریکل تہٕ مڈ برینک ٹیلا چورائڈاہس اوورلیپ کران، تہٕ أکس مۄٹِس، کنویکس، آزاد سرحدس پیٚٹھ ختم گژھان۔ سپلینیمک ترجمہٕ چھ یونٲنی مَنٛز &quot;بینڈیج&quot;۔

کارپس کالوسمک ٹرنک چھ سپلینیم تہٕ جینیکس درمیان آسان۔

'''کالوسل سلکس''' چھُ اَکھ سلکس یس کارپس کالوسمس سنگولیٹ گیرس نش الگ چھ کران۔

=== تعلقات ===</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''ڈوُن ٹوُن'''، یَتھ شہرِ خاص ونان چھ، چھ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] ہندوستان کِس مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقس مَنٛز سرینگر شہرک سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ بوٚڑ تہٕ گوٛن آبٲدی وول علاقہٕ۔ یہِ علاقہٕ چھ زیٛادٕ تر شَہَر کہ مرکز پیٹھہٕ تَقریٖبَن  کلومیٹر (3.1 میٖل) دور [[جَہلَم دٔرؠ یاو|جہلم دریاو]] کِس بٔٹھس پؠٹھ واقعہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Location of Downtown|url=https://www.google.co.in/maps/place/Srinagar/@34.089764,74.8056507,11z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x38e1855686e3c5ef:0x66244b7cc1e305c6|access-date=30 November 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;  یہِ علاقہٕ چھ شہرس مَنٛز بنیٲدی مقام ماننہٕ یوان تکیازِ سرینگرٕکؠ گۄڈنکہ بسکیٖن ٲسؠ ییٚتہ روزان۔ عام طور چھ شَہَر کس مرکز [[لال چوک]] کس شمالس مَنٛز پوٗرٕ علاقہٕ شَہَر کہ مرکزک حصہٕ ماننہٕ یوان حالانٛکہ کینٛہہ علاقہٕ چھ واریاہ اہمیت تھاوان۔ [[جامع مسجد، سرینگر|جامع مسجد، سری نگر]] تہٕ واریاہ باقٕی استان چھ ییٚتہ واقع، یم اَتھ پوٗرٕ [[کٔشیٖر|کشمیر]] مرکزی روحٲنی، مذہبی، سیٲسی تہٕ اخلٲق مرکز بناوان چھ۔

اَتھ علاقس مَنٛز لبنہٕ ینہٕ واجؠن تٲریٖخی عمارتو تہٕ یادگارو مَنٛز چھ پرٛانہ زمانک ڈیزائن ظٲہر گژھان۔ رہائشی مکانات چھِ 19 مہ صدی کس ٲخر پؠٹھ 20 مہ صدی کس شروأتی دورس مَنٛز تعٲمیر کورمت۔ واریاہ اہم یادگار یَتھ کٔنؠ زَن [[جامع مسجد، سرینگر|جامع مسجد]] خانقاہِ معلاہ، مہراج گنج تہٕ استان چھ [[کٔشیٖر|کشمیر]] مشہوٗر حکمرانو بنوومٕتؠ۔

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر]]</text>
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'''شۆبمان گِل''' (پیدٲیش 8 سَتَمبَر 1999) چھِ اَکھ ہندوستٲنؠ بین الاقوٲمی [[کِرٛکَٹ|کرٚکیٚٹر]] یُس ترٛیٚنؠن فارمیٹن مَنٛز ہندوستٲنہ کرٚکیٹ ٹیمہ ہٕنٛز نمائندگی کران چھِ۔ سُہ چھِ انڈین پریمیر لیگ مَنٛز گجرات ٹائٹنز کپتان تہٕ ڈومیسٹک کرکٹس مَنٛز چھِ پنجاب۔ خٲطرٕ گنٛدان۔ سُہ چھِ معاصر عالمی کرکٹس مَنٛز بٔڑس پیمانس پؠٹھ بہتٔریٖن بیٹسمینن مَنٛز اَکھ ماننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=ICC ODI Rankings: Shubman Gill only 4th Indian to become No. 1 batter in history|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/shubman-gill-no-1-icc-odi-rankings-4th-inidan-batter-ms-dhoni-sachin-virat-2460440-2023-11-08|access-date=2023-11-17|website=India Today|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:1999 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ ٹیسٹ کِرٛکَٹ کھِلٲڈؠ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ کِرٛکَٹ کھِلٲڈؠ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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'''آزادی ہُنٛد دۄہ''' (اُردوٗ: یوم آزادی، : yaumi azaadi) چھِ پرؠتھ ؤری 14 اَگَست مناونہٕ یوان، یہِ چھ پأکستانس مَنٛز قومی چھٹی۔  یہِ چھِ تمہِ دوہٕچ یاد مناوان ییٚلہ پأکستانن آزٲدی حٲصل کٔر تہٕ اَگَست 1947 ہس مَنٛز [[بَرطٲنوی ہِند|برطانوی راج]] ختم گژھنہٕ پتہٕ آو اَکھ خودمختار رِیاسَتھ قرار دنہٕ۔ پأکستان آو تٔحریکہِ  پأکستان کہِ نتیجس مَنٛز وجودس مَنٛز، یمیٚوک مقصد تقسیٖم کِہ ذریعہ برطانوی ہند شمال مغربی علاقن مَنٛز اَکھ آزاد [[مُسلمان|مسلمان]] رِیاسَتھ بناوُن اوس۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Shehabuddin2008&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Shehabuddin|first=Elora|title=Reshaping the Holy: Democracy, Development, and Muslim Women in Bangladesh|url=https://archive.org/details/reshapingholydem0000sheh|date=2008|publisher=[[Columbia University Press]]|isbn=978-0-231-14156-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/reshapingholydem0000sheh/page/55 55]|language=en|quote=Ostensibly a homeland for all Indian Muslims, Pakistan was hewed out of the Muslim-majority regions of British India--Sind, Baluchistan, the Northwst Frontier Province, and West Punjab in the northwest and East Bengal in the east.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Khan2013&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Khan|first=Nyla Ali|title=The Fiction of Nationality in an Era of Transnationalism|date=2013|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=978-1-135-92304-4|language=en|quote=Prior to the partition of India in 1947 into two separate nation-states, a group of Western-educated Indian Muslims who constituted the Muslim League, the pivotal Muslim political organization in undivided India, ardently advocated the logical of creating a separate homeland for Indian Muslims.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Heo2007&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Uk Heo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nrN077AEgzMC&amp;pg=PA591|title=Civil Wars of the World: Major Conflicts Since World War II|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2007|isbn=978-1-85109-919-1|pages=591–|access-date=20 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728045137/https://books.google.com/books?id=nrN077AEgzMC&amp;pg=PA591|archive-date=28 July 2020|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; اَتھ تٔحریکہ ہِنٛز قیادت ٲس آل انڈیا مسلم لیگ [[محمد علی جناح]] سٕنٛز قیادتس مَنٛز کٔرمٕژ۔

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>دِویہی زبان</title>
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[[File:Das_Buch_der_Schrift_(Faulmann)_170.jpg|right|thumb|کارل فالمینس داس بک ڈیر شروفٹس منٛز مالدیٖو، 1880]]

'''دیوہی۔''' یا دیویہی (3] (4) دیویہی: é&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|year=2020|title=Dhivehi|url=https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/dhiv1236|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240110214308/https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/dhiv1236|website=[[Glottolog]] 4.3|access-date=2024-05-14|archive-date=2024-01-10|url-status=bot: unknown}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ISO 639-2/RA&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Documentation for ISO 639 identifier: div|url=https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?code_ID=116|access-date=2017-07-08|publisher=ISO 639-2 Registration Authority – Library of Congress|quote=Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ISO 639-3/RA&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Documentation for ISO 639 identifier: div|url=http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=div|access-date=2017-07-08|publisher=ISO 639-3 Registration Authority – SIL International|quote=Dhivehi, Divehi, Maldivian}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=The Chambers Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/chambersdictiona0000unse_x2v6|publisher=Chambers|year=2003|isbn=0-550-10105-5|edition=9th|chapter=Dhivehi}}&lt;/ref&gt;چھِ اَکھ ہند-آریان زبان یُس [[جنوبی ایشیا|جنوبی ایشیاء]] جزیرٕ ملک [[مالدیٖو]] تہٕ منیکوئے جزیرہ [[لکشادیپ|لکشدیپ]] [[ہِندوستان|ہندوستان۔]] کس مرکز کس زیر انتظام علاقس مَنٛز بولنہٕ چھ یوان۔{{IPA|dv|d̪iʋehi|IPA}}

==لکھأرؠ نظام==
دھیوی چھِ تھانا لکھأرؠ نظام مَنٛز لیکھنہٕ یوان۔
== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:زَبان]]</text>
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{{مولوٗماتھ}}
'''شُھبنیٖت سِنٛگھ''' (پیدٲیش 10 اَگَست 1997) یُس پیشورانہٕ طور '''شُبھ''' کہ ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ چھِ یوان چھِ اَکھ ہندوستٲنؠ ریپر-گلوکار تہٕ نغمہ نگار یُس [[کینَڈا|کینیڈاہس]] مَنٛز چھ، یُس پنجابی موٗسیٖقی سٟتؠ وابستہٕ چھ۔ '''شُبھ''' گوٚو 2021 ہس مَنٛز پننہِ وٲحد &quot;وی رولِن&quot; سٟتؠ مرکزی دھارس مَنٛز۔
[[زٲژ:1997 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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سِٹیفن ایڈون کنٛگ (پٲدٲیِش 21 سَتَمبَر 1947) چھُ اَکھ امریکی مصنف۔ &quot;فیس ایول&quot; کِس طورس پؠٹھ جواب دِنہٕ آمُت، ایکشن، کرائم، سائنسی-شروعات، فنتاسی تہٕ اسرارس درمیان چھِ بییہٕ تحفہٕ۔ واریاہ تفصیٖلی افسانہٕ یِم تٔمؠ ووٚن زِ تِم ٲسؠ واقعاتن ہٕنٛدِس دُنؠ‌یاہس مَنٛز تٔمؠ سٕنٛز کٲم (1974)۔ فور سیزن آف دی کلیکشن (1982) چھُ صرف اَکھ کلیٚن کٹیٚن ہٕنٛز مصنوعات، لہذا یہٕ چھُ سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ اہم ستارن مَنٛز اَکھ۔ کنگ، کیری، کرسٹین، شائننگ، دی ڈیڈ زون، دی ارتھ ٹوئنز، چوواکا، شوشنکی ریڈمپشاد، زخمتی ٹیپ، تہٕ وی سنٛز ترمیم کردٕ فلمن مَنٛز پیار شرابہٕ پیٹھہٕ رچرڈ باخمین تہٕ تیم سٕندین اعلیٰ سطحی دوستن ہندِس اۆنٛدروٗنی دائرس تام، خاص طورس پؠٹھ، شراکتہٕ چھِ غٲر مطبوعہ ہنٛد خیر مقدم کران۔ یہٕ چھُنہٕ اسہٕ کانٛہہ غیر مطبوعہ تہٕ دیوان، خاص طور پٲنٹھ ییلہٕ تحریرچ کتھ آسہٕ: یادداشتہٕ۔

سِٹیفن کنٛگ سٕنٛزن کامین یَتھ کٔنؠ زَن برام سٹوکر تہٕ اَگَست ڈارلیٹ آیہٕ فروغ دنہٕ۔ تمام مضامینن مَنٛز شراکتہٕ خٲطرٕ چھِ اعزاز دِنہٕ آمٕتؠ، یِمَن مَنٛز 2003 ہُک میڈل فار ڈیمیج ٹو میرٹ، 2007 میڈل فار میریٹوریئس ٹیکسٹ ایوارڈز، تہٕ 2014 میڈل آف چوائس فار فلائٹ چوائس شٲمِل چھِ۔ جوائس کیرول اوٹس کنگ چھُ &quot;اَکھ مصنف ییم روئے سنٛد محبتس بارس مَنٛز بوٛزمُت چھُ، زِ برطانوی امریکی کونر چھُ اَکھ مستقل برطانیہ، تہٕ اَکھ پرولوگ یُس بھڑس رقمس پؠٹھ چھُ کماوان۔&quot;

== اعزازات تہٕ اعزازات ==
 &lt;div class=&quot;div-col&quot;&gt;
* [[August Derleth Award|اگست ڈرلتھ ایوارڈ]] برٹش فینٹسی سوسائٹی کہٕ طرفہٕ نوازنہٕ آمت۔[[British Fantasy Society|برطانوی کننننن]]
** 1981: خصوصی ایوارڈ &lt;ref name=&quot;British Fantasy Society&quot;&gt;[http://www.fantasticfiction.co.uk/awards/british_fantasy_society.htm British Fantasy Society Awards] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516130519/http://www.fantasticfiction.co.uk/awards/british_fantasy_society.htm|date=May 16, 2011}}, Fantastic Fiction. Retrieved March 11, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;
** 1982: ژیہٕ '&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=sfadb: British Fantasy Awards 1982|url=https://www.sfadb.com/British_Fantasy_Awards_1982|website=www.sfadb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** تجننننن &lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=sfadb: British Fantasy Awards 1987|url=https://www.sfadb.com/British_Fantasy_Awards_1987|access-date=May 25, 2023|website=www.sfadb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** 1999: چھاتی چھاتی &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=sfadb: British Fantasy Awards 1999|url=https://www.sfadb.com/British_Fantasy_Awards_1999|website=www.sfadb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** 2005: دی ڈارک ٹاور VII: دی ڈارक ٹاور&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=sfadb: British Fantasy Awards 2005|url=https://www.sfadb.com/British_Fantasy_Awards_2005|website=www.sfadb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*** برٹش فینٹسی ایوارڈ فار بیسٹ شارٹ فکشن
*** 1983: &quot;دی بریتھنگ میتھڈ&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=1983|title=British Fantasy Awards 1983|url=https://www.sfadb.com/British_Fantasy_Awards_1983|website=www.sfadb.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* بالروگ ایوارڈ بہترین سۆمبرُن/انتھولوجی 1980: نائٹ شفٹ''[[Night Shift (short story collection)|راتھ شفٹ]]''
* چنیں پرستار: Black Quill Award 2009, بہترین سیاہ ناول''ڈوما کی''
* [[Bram Stoker Award|برام سٹوکر ایوارڈ]] [[Horror Writers Association|ہارر رائٹرز ایسوسی ایشن]] کہٕ طرفہٕ نوازنہٕ آمت۔
** بہتٔریٖن ناول
*** 1987: ہہہہہہہہہہ&lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=1987 Bram Stoker Award Nominees &amp; Winners – The Bram Stoker Awards|url=https://www.thebramstokerawards.com/uncategorized/1987-bram-stoker-award-nominees-winner/|access-date=May 6, 2023|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*** 1996: دی ''[[The Green Mile (novel)|گرین میل]]'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=1996 Bram Stoker Award Nominees &amp; Winners – The Bram Stoker Awards|url=https://www.thebramstokerawards.com/uncategorized/1996-bram-stoker-award-winners-nominees/|access-date=May 6, 2023|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*** 1998: ہہہہہہہہہہ &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=1998 Bram Stoker Award Nominees &amp; Winners – The Bram Stoker Awards|url=https://www.thebramstokerawards.com/uncategorized/1998-bram-stoker-award-winners-nominees/|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*** 2006: Lisey 's کہانی &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=2006 Bram Stoker Award Nominees &amp; Winners – The Bram Stoker Awards|url=https://www.thebramstokerawards.com/uncategorized/2006-bram-stoker-award-winners-nominees/|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*** 2008: ''[[Duma Key|ڈوما کی]]'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=2008 Bram Stoker Award Nominees &amp; Winners – The Bram Stoker Awards|url=https://www.thebramstokerawards.com/uncategorized/2008-bram-stoker-award-winners-nominees-2/|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*** 2013: ڈاکٹر نیند &lt;ref&gt;[http://horror.org/winners-2013-bram-stoker-awards/ &quot;The Winners of the 2013 Bram Stoker Awards&quot;] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606044440/http://horror.org/winners-2013-bram-stoker-awards/|date=June 6, 2014}}. Horror Writers Association. May 11, 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;
** بہتٔریٖن فکشن کلیکشن
*** 1990: 4 پچھلی آدھی رات &lt;ref name=&quot;Bram Stoker Awards&quot;&gt;[http://www.horror.org/stokerwinnom.htm Bram Stoker Awards] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080113132337/http://www.horror.org/stokerwinnom.htm|date=January 13, 2008}}, Horror Writer's Association. Retrieved April 13, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;
*** 2009: صرف غروب آفتاب کے بعد''[[Just After Sunset|غروب آفتاب پتہٕ۔]]''
*** 2011: مکمل سیاہ، کوئی ستارے''[[Full Dark, No Stars|مکمل سیاہ، کوئی ستارے نہیں]]''
** بہتٔریٖن مختصر افسانہٕ
*** 1995: &quot;لنچ ایٹ دی گوتھم کیفے&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=1995 Bram Stoker Award Winners &amp; Nominees|url=https://www.thebramstokerawards.com/uncategorized/1995-bram-stoker-award-winners-nominees/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*** 2000: &quot;رائڈنگ دی بلٹ&quot; [13]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bram Stoker Awards&quot; /&gt;
*** 2011: &quot;ہرمن ووک چھ ونہٕ تہٕ زندٕ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=April 1, 2012|title=Horror Writers Association Blog » Blog Archive » 2011 Bram Stoker Award™ winners and Vampire Novel of the Century Award winner|url=http://www.horror.org/blog/?p=2453|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404155058/http://www.horror.org/blog/?p=2453|archive-date=April 4, 2012|access-date=April 14, 2012|publisher=Horror.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
** بہترین غیر افسانوی
*** 2000: on Writing: اے میموری آف دی کرافٹ''[[On Writing: A Memoir of the Craft|لکھنا پر: کرافٹ کی ایک یادداشت]]''
** 2002: [[Bram Stoker Award for Lifetime Achievement|لائیف ٹائم اچیومنٹ ایوارڈ]] [13]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bram Stoker Awards&quot; /&gt;
* [[Edgar Award|ایڈگر ایوارڈ]] فار بیسٹ ناول، ایوارڈ از دی مسٹری رائٹرز آف امریکہ[[Mystery Writers of America|امریکہ کے نسلی گروہ]]
** 2015: مرسیدس بنز مرسیدس &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2015|title=2015 Edgar Award Winners|url=https://mysterywriters.org/2015-edgar-award-winners/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2007 تس مَنٛز آو اَکھ [[MWA Grand Master Award|گریٹ ماسٹر ایوارڈ]] دنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;King, Stephen. ''Full Dark, No Stars'' {{ISBN|978-1-4391-9256-6}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1982 ہیوگو ایوارڈ بہترین متعلقہ کام: ڈینسی میکابر &lt;ref name=&quot;Hugo82&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=July 26, 2007|title=1982 Hugo Awards|url=http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1982-hugo-awards/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110507164650/http://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1982-hugo-awards/|archive-date=May 7, 2011|access-date=April 19, 2010|publisher=World Science Fiction Society}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[International Horror Guild Award|ہارر گلڈ انٹرنیشنل ایوارڈ]]
** 1999: سٹارم آف دی سنچری &lt;ref name=&quot;ihg&quot;&gt;[http://www.horroraward.org/prevrec.html International Horror Guild Awards] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141031061140/http://horroraward.org/prevrec.html|date=October 31, 2014}}, International Horror Guild. Retrieved April 13, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;
** 2003: Living Legend (2003) از کل ہند[19]&lt;ref name=&quot;ihg&quot; /&gt;
* [[Locus Awards|لوکس ایوارڈز]]
** 1982: ''ڈانس میکابری'' &lt;ref name=&quot;Locus Award&quot;&gt;[http://www.locusmag.com/SFAwards/Db/NomLit71.html#2853 Locus Awards] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150228114739/http://www.locusmag.com/SFAwards/Db/NomLit71.html#2853|date=February 28, 2015}}, ''Locus Magazine''. Retrieved April 13, 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;
** 1986: ''[[Skeleton Crew (short story collection)|سکیلٹن کریو]]'' [20]&lt;ref name=&quot;Locus Award&quot; /&gt;
** 1997: تخفیف [ترمیم][20]&lt;ref name=&quot;Locus Award&quot; /&gt;
** 1999: ہہہہہہہہہہ بجننننن [20]&lt;ref name=&quot;Locus Award&quot; /&gt;
** 2001: لکھنا پر [20]&lt;ref name=&quot;Locus Award&quot; /&gt;
* 2003 [[Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters|میڈل فار ڈسٹنگشڈ کنٹریبیوشن ٹو امریکن لیٹرز]] &lt;ref name=&quot;natbook&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=2003|title=Distinguished Contribution to American Letters|url=http://www.nationalbook.org/amerletters.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110310053959/http://www.nationalbook.org/amerletters.html|archive-date=March 10, 2011|access-date=March 11, 2011|website=National Book Foundation}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2014ء-نیشنل اکیڈمی آف سائنسز کہ پروسیڈنگزس مَنٛز &lt;ref name=&quot;auto4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Stephen King|url=https://www.arts.gov/honors/medals/stephen-king|website=www.arts.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[National Magazine Awards|نیشنل میگزین ایوارڈ]]
** 2004: &quot;آرام بند&quot;
** 2013: &quot;بیٹ مین تہٕ رابنن چھ اَکھ تبدیلی&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite press release|url=http://www.magazine.org/about-asme/pressroom/asme-press-releases/asme/national-magazine-awards-2013-winners-announced|title=National Magazine Awards 2013 Winners Announced|publisher=American Society of Magazine Editors (ASME)|date=May 2, 2013|access-date=May 26, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130606011853/http://www.magazine.org/about-asme/pressroom/asme-press-releases/asme/national-magazine-awards-2013-winners-announced|archive-date=June 6, 2013|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 1996 [[O. Henry Award|او۔ ہنری ایوارڈ]] &quot;دی مین ان دی بلیک سوٹ&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The O. Henry Prize Collection|url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/series/C97/the-o-henry-prize-collection/|access-date=May 17, 2023|website=PenguinRandomhouse.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 2005 [[Quill Award|کویل ایوارڈ]] برائے ''[[Faithful (book)|وفادار۔]]'' (سٹیورٹ او نانان کے ساتھ) 
* 2009 [[Shirley Jackson Award|شرلی جیکسن ایوارڈ]] &quot;مورالٹی&quot; خٲطرٕ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=The Shirley Jackson Awards Website|url=http://www.shirleyjacksonawards.org/sja_2009_winners.php|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731073612/http://www.shirleyjacksonawards.org/sja_2009_winners.php|archive-date=July 31, 2012|access-date=April 14, 2012|publisher=Shirleyjacksonawards.org}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120731073612/http://www.shirleyjacksonawards.org/sja_2009_winners.php |date=July 31, 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Spokane پبلک لائبریری گولڈن پین ایوارڈ 1986: گولڈن پین
* یوٗنِوَرسِٹی پریس 1980: Alumni کیریئر ایوارڈ
* [[World Fantasy Award|ورلڈ فینٹسی ایوارڈ]]
** 1980: [[World Fantasy Convention Award|کنونشن ایوارڈ]] &lt;ref name=&quot;worldfantasy&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=World Fantasy Awards – Complete Listing|url=http://www.worldfantasy.org/awards/awardslist.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015020014/http://www.worldfantasy.org/awards/awardslist.html|archive-date=October 15, 2013|access-date=April 14, 2012|publisher=Worldfantasy.org}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015020014/http://www.worldfantasy.org/awards/awardslist.html |date=October 15, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
** 1982: &quot;[[Do the Dead Sing?|کیا مردار چھ گؠوان؟]]&quot;[26]&lt;ref name=&quot;worldfantasy&quot; /&gt;
** 1995: &quot;دی مین ان دی بلیک سوٹ&quot; [26]&lt;ref name=&quot;worldfantasy&quot; /&gt;
** 2004: لائف ٹائم اچیومنٹ [26]&lt;ref name=&quot;worldfantasy&quot; /&gt;
* 1992 [[World Horror Convention|ورلڈ ہارر کنونشن]]: ورلڈ ہارر گرینڈ ماسٹر &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=November 15, 2009|title=Past WHCs|url=http://worldhorrorconvention.com/past-whcs/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415140121/http://worldhorrorconvention.com/past-whcs/|archive-date=April 15, 2012|access-date=April 14, 2012|publisher=World Horror Convention}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
* 1997 رائٹرز فار رائٹرز ایوارڈ، شٲیِر تہٕ مصنفین میگزینک طرفہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=February 12, 2008|title=Barnes &amp; Noble Writers for Writers Award, Editors Award|url=https://www.pw.org/node/478827}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;''کیری۔'' آو نیو یارک پبلک لائبریری کہ صدی کہ کتابوں کہ فہرستس مَنٛز &quot;1&quot; پاپ کلچر ماس اینڈ انٹرٹینمنٹ &quot;2&quot; کس زمرس مَنٛز شٲمل کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=1995|title=The New York Public Library's Books of the Century|url=https://www.nypl.org/voices/print-publications/books-of-the-century|access-date=October 22, 2023|website=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

2008 مَنٛز، اوس آن رائٹنگ انٹرٹینمنٹ ویکلی ہنٛد &quot;دی نیو کلاسکس: دی 100 بیسٹ ریڈز فرام 1983 پؠٹھ 2008 تام&quot; کس فہرستس مَنٛز 21 ہمس نمبرس پؠٹھ۔ یہٕ اوس 1923 مَنٛز میگزینک بنیادٕ پؠٹھ شائعہٕ گژھن وألن 100 عظیم ترین نان فکشن ڪتابن مَنٛز تہٕ شٲمل۔ گلبرٹ کروزن لیوکھ، &quot;یہٕ چھ سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ عملی تہٕ بے مثال مصنفن ہیند دستی-تیتی ہی عملی تہٕ بے حد تیتی ہی امک مصنف، یس، ہاں، صرف چھ دُنؠ‌یاہک سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ مَشہوٗر ناول نگارن مَنٛز اَکھ آسان۔&quot;

دی ''نیویارک ٹائمز'' مَنٛز آو 2011 ہس مَنٛز پانژن بہترین افسانوی ڪتابن مَنٛز اَکھ قرار دنہٕ: &quot;پننس پورٕ کیریئرس مَنٛز چھ کنگن عام تہٕ مافوق الفطرت یکجا کرنک نوٕ طریقہٕ تلاش کرمت۔ تیم سند نو ناول مینے ڈنر مَنٛز چھ اَکھ ٹائم پورٹلک تصور کران یوس انگریزی ٹیچرس لی ہاروے اوسوالڈ روکنٕچ کوششہ مَنٛز 1958 ہس مَنٛز واپس گژھنک اجازت چھ دوان تہٕ-قارئین خٲطرٕہ چھ انعام-کنگس تہٕ چھ یادداشت، قسمت تہٕ آزاد مرضی ہند سوالاتن پؠٹھ غور کرنک اجازت دیوان کیازکہ سہٕ چھ وسط صدی کہ امریکہس بھرپور اندازس مَنٛز بیان کران۔ ماضی چھ تہند رازک حفاظت کران، یہٕ ناول چھ اسہ یاد دلاوان، تہٕ کوٹیڈین ہند پتم خوفناک وَقٕت چھ بذاتہ وَقٕت۔&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=November 30, 2011|title=10 Best Books of 2011|journal=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/11/books/10-best-books-of-2011.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120105191319/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/11/books/10-best-books-of-2011.html|archivedate=January 5, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== کتابچہ۔ ==

=== آڈیو بکس ===

== یہِ تہٕ وُچھِو ==
 

* سٹیفن کنگ کیٛن کامین ہنٛد موافقتک فہرست۔
* کیسل راک (سٹیفن کنگ) 
* چارلس سکریبنر سٟنٛز (چارلس سکریبنرز سٟنٛز) 
* ڈیری (سٹیفن کنگ) 
* ڈالر بیبی
* یروشلمس لوط (سٹوفن کنگ) 
* ''ہاویہ''

== حوالہ جات ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

== مزید پرن۔ ==

* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Brooks|first=Justin|title=Stephen King: A Primary Bibliography of the World's Most Popular Author|publisher=Cemetery Dance|year=2008|isbn=978-1-58767-153-1}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Collings|first=Michael R.|title=The Many Facets of Stephen King|url=https://archive.org/details/manyfacetsofstep0000coll|publisher=Starmont House|year=1985|isbn=0-930261-14-3|author-link=Michael R. Collings}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Collings|first=Michael R.|title=The Shorter Works of Stephen King|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_093026102|last2=Engebretson|first2=David A.|publisher=Starmont House|year=1985|isbn=0-930261-02-X|author-link=Michael R. Collings}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Collings|first=Michael R.|url=https://archive.org/details/stephenkingasric0000coll|title=Stephen King as Richard Bachman|publisher=Starmont House|year=1985|isbn=0-930261-00-3|author-link=Michael R. Collings|url-access=registration}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Collings|first=Michael R.|title=The Films of Stephen King|url=https://archive.org/details/filmsofstephenki0000coll|publisher=Starmont House|year=1986|isbn=0-930261-10-0}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Collings|first=Michael R.|title=The Annotated Guide to Stephen King: A Primary and Secondary Bibliography of the Works of America's Premier Horror Writer|url=https://archive.org/details/annotatedguideto0000coll|publisher=Starmont House|year=1986|isbn=0-930261-80-1|author-link=Michael R. Collings}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Collings|first=Michael R.|title=The Stephen King Phenomenon|url=https://archive.org/details/stephenkingpheno0000coll|publisher=Starmont House|year=1987|isbn=0-930261-12-7}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Collings|first=Michael R.|title=Horror Plum'd: An International Stephen King Bibliography and Guide 1960–2000|url=https://archive.org/details/horrorplumdinter0000mich|publisher=Overlook Connection Press|year=2003|isbn=1-892950-45-6}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Collings|first=Michael R.|title=Stephen King Is Richard Bachman|url=https://archive.org/details/stephenkingisric0000unse|publisher=Overlook Connection Press|year=2008|isbn=978-1-892950-74-1|author-link=Michael R. Collings}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Stephen King|url=https://archive.org/details/stephenking0000unse_u2z6|publisher=Salem Press|year=2010|isbn=978-1-58765-685-9|editor-last=Hoppenstand|editor-first=Gary}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Spignesi|first=Stephen|title=The Complete Stephen King Encyclopedia|url=https://archive.org/details/completestephenk0000spig|publisher=Contemporary Books|year=1991|isbn=978-0-8092-3818-7}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Spignesi|first=Stephen|title=The Lost Work of Stephen King|url=https://archive.org/details/lostworkofstephe0000spig|publisher=Birch Lane Press|year=1998|isbn=978-1-55972-469-2}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Spignesi|first=Stephen|title=The Essential Stephen King|publisher=Career Press|year=2001|isbn=978-1-56414-710-3}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Wood|first=Rocky|title=The Complete Guide to the Works of Stephen King|last2=Rawsthorne|first2=David|last3=Blackburn|first3=Norma|publisher=Kanrock Partners|isbn=0-9750593-3-5|author-link=Rocky Wood}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Wood|first=Rocky|title=Stephen King: Uncollected, Unpublished|publisher=Cemetery Dance|year=2006|isbn=1-58767-130-1|author-link=Rocky Wood}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Wood|first=Rocky|title=The Stephen King Collector's Guide|last2=Brooks|first2=Justin|publisher=Kanrock Partners|isbn=978-0-9750593-5-7|author-link=Rocky Wood}}
* {{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Wood|first=Rocky|title=Stephen King: The Non-Fiction|url=https://archive.org/details/stephenkingnonfi0000wood|last2=Brooks|first2=Justin|publisher=Cemetery Dance|year=2008|isbn=978-1-58767-160-9|author-link=Rocky Wood}}

== بیرونی لنکس ==
 &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Module:Sister project links/styles.css&quot;&gt;&lt;/templatestyles&gt;

* سرکٲری ویب سایٹہ پؠٹھ دستیاب۔ 
* سٹیفن کنگاتھ پؠٹھX-X-X 
* سٹیفن کنگاتھ منزانٹرنیٹ قیاس آرائی فکشن ڈیٹا بیس 
* سٹیفن کنگاتھ منزآئی ایم ڈی بی 
* شکل و صورتاتھ پؠٹھC-سپن 
* [http://www.shotsmag.co.uk/interview_view.aspx?interview_id=229 کنگس سٟتؠ کٲم کرٕن-شاٹس میگ ایزین انٹرویو فلپا پرائڈ، کنگز یوکے ایڈیٹرس سٟتؠ]
* {{Cite journal|last=Lehmann-Haupt|first=Christopher|last2=Rich|first2=Nathaniel|date=Fall 2006|title=Stephen King, The Art of Fiction No. 189|url=http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/5653/the-art-of-fiction-no-189-stephen-king|journal=The Paris Review|volume=Fall 2006|issue=178}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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    <title>زَرمِ ستَم</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''زَرمِ ستَم''' یا '''کِرٛشنا جنم اشٹمی''' ({{Lang-sa|कृष्णजन्माष्टमी|translit=Kṛṣṇajanmāṣṭamī}}: کِرٛشنا جنماشٹمی، رومنائزڈ: ) یَتھ کأشِر پأٹھؠ '''زَرمِ ستَم'''  تہٕ چھِ ونان، چھ اَکھ سالانہٕ [[ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم|ہؠندؠ]] تہوار یُس [[وؠشنوٗ]] سنٛد ٲٹھم اوتار [[کِرٛشنا]] سنٛد [[زا دۄہ|زؠنہٕ دۄہ]] طور  مناونہٕ یوان ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Patil |first1=Vimla |title=Celebrations : festive days of India |url=https://archive.org/details/celebrationsfest0000pati |year=1994 |publisher=India Book House |location=Bombay |page=[https://archive.org/details/celebrationsfest0000pati/page/66 66]}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ: مَذہَب]]
[[زٲژ:ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم]]</text>
      <sha1>ft9jtv2dvc76zu1z982cgfwc973argx</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>اسلامُک سۄنہٕ سُنٛد دور</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>19697</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-03T21:55:37Z</timestamp>
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        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>8158</id>
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      <comment>Add 2 books for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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اسلامُک سۄنہٕ سُنٛد دوراوس اسلامک تٲریخس مَنٛز سائنسی، اقتصادی تہٕ ثقافتی ترقی ہنٛد دور، روایتی طور پٲٹھؠ اوس یہٕ 8 مہٕ صدی پؠٹھ 13 مہٕ صدی تام موجود۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Saliba&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Saliba|first=George|title=A History of Arabic Astronomy: Planetary Theories During the Golden Age of Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofarabica0000sali|date=1994|publisher=[[New York University Press]]|isbn=0-8147-8023-7|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyofarabica0000sali/page/245 245], 250, 256–257|author-link=George Saliba}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;King&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=King|first=David A.|year=1983|title=The Astronomy of the Mamluks|journal=Isis|volume=74|issue=4|pages=531–55|doi=10.1086/353360}}&lt;/ref&gt;

یہٕ دور چھِ روایتی طور پٲٹھؠ عباسی خلیفہ حارون الرشید (786-809) کہٕ دور حکومتس دوران ہاوس آف وزیڈم کہ افتتاح سٔتؠ شۆروٗع گومُت، یَتھ مَنٛز پورٕ مسلم دنیا کہ اسکالرز دنیا کہ سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ بۆڑ شَہَر [[بَغداد|بغداد]] کہ طرفہٕ یَتھ کٔنؠ زِ دنیا کہ معروف کلاسیکی علمک world's classical knowledge عربی تہٕ فارسیَس مَنٛز ترجمہٕ کرنہٕ خأطرٕ ٲسؠ یوان۔ روایتی طور پٲٹھؠ چھ وننہٕ یوان زِ یہِ دور گو 1258 مَنٛز منگول حملہ تہٕ [[بغدادُک محاصرٕ (1258)]] سٟتؠ عباسی خلافت کس زوالس سٟتؠ ختم۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Tahir Abbas&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url={{Google books |plainurl=yes |id=JdC90uc8PfQC |page=9 }}|title=Islamic Radicalism and Multicultural Politics|date=1 March 2011|publisher=[[Taylor &amp; Francis]]|isbn=978-1-136-95960-8|page=9|access-date=26 August 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

اَتھ چھِ کینٛہہ متبادل ٹائم لائنز تہٕ۔ کیانٛہہ اسکالرز چھِ سۄنہٕ سُنٛد دور کہ اختتامس تام تَقریٖبَن 1350 تام توسیٖع کران، بشموٗل تیموریڈ نشاۃ ثانیہ ییلہ زن کہ باکٲی چھ اسلامُک سۄنہٕ سُنٛد دور کس اختتامس پؠٹھ 15 مہ پیٹھہٕ 16 مہ صدی کہِ ٲخر تام ونان، بشمول اِسلأمی بارودٕچ سلطنتن ہنٛد عروج۔&lt;ref name=&quot;HoSM&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Science and technology in Medieval Islam|url=http://www.mhs.ox.ac.uk/scienceislam_education/docs/Science_and_technology_in_Medieval_Islam-Teachers_notes.pdf|access-date=31 October 2019|website=History of Science Museum}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;A Companion to the Worlds of the Renaissance&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ruggiero|first=Guido|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fx0Dlwb18WYC&amp;q=Timurid+renaissance&amp;pg=PA59|title=A Companion to the Worlds of the Renaissance, Guido Ruggiero|date=15 April 2008|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|isbn=978-0-470-75161-9|access-date=7 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108052706/https://books.google.com/books?id=fx0Dlwb18WYC&amp;pg=PA59&amp;lpg=PA59&amp;dq=Timurid+renaissance&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=oRBca6Ril-&amp;sig=91TIV5mBBnYFwGah_7x6b0NP-jA&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwijusmUk5fQAhVHKsAKHeqdDn8Q6AEITTAI#v=onepage&amp;q=Timurid%20renaissance&amp;f=false|archive-date=8 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Saliba&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Saliba|first=George|title=A History of Arabic Astronomy: Planetary Theories During the Golden Age of Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofarabica0000sali|date=1994|publisher=[[New York University Press]]|isbn=0-8147-8023-7|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyofarabica0000sali/page/245 245], 250, 256–257|author-link=George Saliba}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;King&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=King|first=David A.|year=1983|title=The Astronomy of the Mamluks|journal=Isis|volume=74|issue=4|pages=531–55|doi=10.1086/353360}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>ظہیٖر اقبال</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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{{مولوٗماتھ}}
ظہیٖر اقبال (زامُت: 10 دَسَمبَر 1986) چھُ اَکھ ہندوستٲنہِ اداکار یُس بنیٲدی طور ہِنٛدی فلمَن مَنٛز کٲم چھُ کران۔ اقبالن کٔر پننہِ اداکٲری ہِنٛز شُروٗعات رومٲنٹِک ڈرامہ نوٹ بک (2019) سٟتؠ۔ اَمہِ پتہٕ کٔر أمؠ کامیڈی ڈبل ایکس ایل (2022) مَنٛز کٲم۔
[[زٲژ:1988 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ مُسَلمان]]</text>
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    <title>مسجد و مدرسہ سلطان حسن</title>
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سلطان حسنچ [[مشیٖد|مسجدٕ]] مدرسا چھ [[مِصر|مصر]] شَہَر قاہرٕ۔ کس تاریخی ضِلہٕ صلاح الدین سکوائرس مَنٛز واقع اَکھ یادگار مسجد تہٕ مدرسا۔  یہِ آیہِ بہری۔ مملوک دورس مَنٛز 1356 تہٕ 1363 ہس درمیان بناونہٕ ، یس سلطان ناصر حسنن شۆروٗع کوٚرمت اوس۔ یہٕ مشید ٲس پننہٕ بھڑس سائزس تہٕ جدید تعمیراتی اجزاء خاطرٕ قابل ذکر تہ اوس واریاہن متعصر کران، تہٕ از تہٕ چھ یہٕ قاہرہ کیٛن سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ مُتٲثِر کن تاریخی یادگارن مَنٛز اَکھ سمجھنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Behrens-Abouseif&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Behrens-Abouseif|first=Doris|title=Cairo of the Mamluks : a history of the architecture and its culture|publisher=I.B. Tauris|year=2007|isbn=978-1-84511-549-4|edition=null|location=London|pages=201–213}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Williams|first=Caroline|title=Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide|url=https://archive.org/details/islamicmonuments0000will_m1f9|publisher=The American University in Cairo Press|year=2018|edition=7th|location=Cairo|pages=[https://archive.org/details/islamicmonuments0000will_m1f9/page/78 78]–84|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=O'Kane|first=Bernard|title=The Mosques of Egypt|publisher=The American University in Cairo Press|year=2016|location=Cairo}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==بیرِونی لنک==
*[https://archive.today/20121208134958/http://egyptopia.com/Mosques+in+Cairo_30_296_22_80_en.html قاہرہ میں مساجد]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090610080611/http://egyptopia.com/Photo+Gallery+for+Sultan+Hassan+Mosque+and+Madrasa+in+Cairo_30_167_22_11310_1401_1_en.html سلطان حسن فوٹو گیلری]
==مزید وُچھو==
*[[جامع مسجد، دہلی]]
*[[مشیٖد]]

== آرکیٹیکچرل تفصیل ==

=== جائہ ===
مشید چھ تقریبا 8000 مربع میٹرس پؠٹھ مشتمل قاہرٕ کِس قلعس قریب اکٕس جایہٕ پؠٹھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Behrens-Abouseif&quot;/&gt; یہٕ چھ اکس شاہانہٕ محل کس جایہٕ پؠٹھ کھڑا یس برونٹھ حسن سنُد مول سلطان النصر محمد سنِد طرفہٕ امیرس۔ امیر یلبوگہ الیاحاوی خاطرٕ بھڑس قیمتس پؠٹھ اوس تعٲمیر کورمت تہٕ یہٕ  أوس مسجد خاطرٕ وتھ بناونہٕ خاطرٕ مسمار آمت کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Raymond|first=André|title=Le Caire|publisher=Fayard|year=1993|isbn=2213029830|pages=139, 240}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Behrens-Abouseif&quot; /&gt; اَتھ مقامس پؠٹھ ٲس یادگار عمارتن ہنٛز تعمیرک مقصد ممکنہ طورس پؠٹھ سلطانن خاطرٕ اَکھ خوشگوار نظارٕ پٲدٕ کرن تاکہٕ تم قلعس مَنٛز پنٖنس محلس نِیش نظر آسہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Behrens-Abouseif&quot; /&gt;

قرون وسطی کس دورس مَنٛز۔ اَکھ کھلہٕ چوک، یَتھ رومیلا چھ وننہٕ یوان، مسید تہٕ قلعس درمیان أوس۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Maqrizi.com&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Martyn|first=Smith|title=Rumayla|url=http://www.maqrizi.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110207204231/http://maqrizi.com/|archive-date=2011-02-07|access-date=9 March 2011}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110207204231/http://maqrizi.com/ |date=2011-02-07 }}&lt;/ref&gt; از چھ مربعس پؠٹھ اَکھ بٔڑ ٹریفک دائرٕ تہٕ چھ امیک ناو بدلٲوتھ صلاح الدین چوک تھاونہٕ آمُت۔
== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>مسجدِ جِن</title>
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'''مسجدِ جِن''' یا '''[[جِن|جنن]] ہِنٛز [[مشیٖد]]''' (عربی:  : مسجد الجنَ) چھِ مکہ، [[سوٗدی عرب|سعودی عرب]] مَنٛز اَکھ مسجد یۄس جنت المؤلا ہس قریٖب واقع چھُ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ghalib&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri|title=History of Makkah|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmakkah0000unse|date=2002|publisher=Darussalam|isbn=9789960892023|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofmakkah0000unse/page/128 128]|author-link=Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Khamis Al-Zahrani|title=Ramadan Series: The story behind the Jinn Mosque in Makkah|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/en/webtv/reports/2014/07/17/Ramadan-Series-The-story-behind-the-Jinn-Mosque-in-Makkah.html|accessdate=27 May 2017|journal=Al Arabiya|date=17 July 2014|format=video}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;skhan&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Saniyasnain Khan|title=Tell Me about Hajj|url=https://archive.org/details/tellmeabouthajj0000khan|date=2000|publisher=Goodword Books|isbn=9788187570004|edition=2, illustrated, reprint|page=20|author-link=Saniyasnain Khan}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;saniyas&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Saniyasnain Khan|title=Awesome Quran Q and A|date=2014|publisher=Goodword Books|page=50|author-link=Saniyasnain Khan}}&lt;/ref&gt;  اَتھ چھ مسجدِ بیعات (عربی: مسجد بیعات، :  تہٕ '''مسجد محافظ''' (عربی: مساجد الحرس ونان۔ ) کہ ناوٕ سٟتؠ تہٕ زاننہٕ یوان کیازِ کہ شہرٕک رأچھدارcity's  guards  ٲس اَتھ مقامس تام گشت کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;amira&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Amira El-Zein|title=Islam, Arabs, and Intelligent World of the Jinn|url=https://archive.org/details/islamarabsintell0000elze|date=2009|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=9780815650706|page=[https://archive.org/details/islamarabsintell0000elze/page/65 65]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;hajinfo&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Masjid Al-Jinn|url=http://www.hajinformation.com/main/m9506.htm|access-date=27 May 2017|publisher=Ministry of Hajj|archive-date=21 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170521174513/http://www.hajinformation.com/main/m9506.htm|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ghalib&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ghālib ibn ʻAwaḍ Quʻayṭī (al-Sulṭān.)|title=The Holy Cities, the Pilgrimage and the World of Islam: A History from the Earliest Traditions Until 1925 (1344H)|date=2007|publisher=Fons Vitae|isbn=9781887752893|edition=illustrated|pages=298, 585}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

مسجد چھِ تتھ جایہٕ پؠٹھ بناونہٕ آمت یتہِ جِنن ہنٛد اَکھ گروٚپ چھِ وننہٕ یوان زِ سُہ گرۆپ اوس اکہِ راتہٕ [[مُحَمَّد]] صأبس طرفہٕ [[قُرآن|قرآن پاک]] اَکھ حِصہٕ بوزنہٕ خٲطرٕ جمع گومُت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;saniyas&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;skhan&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;jamesr&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=James R. Lewis|title=Angels A to Z|url=https://archive.org/details/witchbookencyclo0000buck_y3j9|last2=Evelyn Dorothy Oliver|date=2008|publisher=Visible Ink Press|isbn=9781578592579|edition=revised|page=[https://archive.org/details/witchbookencyclo0000buck_y3j9/page/208 208]|author-link=James R. Lewis (scholar)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot;/&gt; محمد صأبن کٔر پتہٕ یتھن جِنن ہنٛدین زِٹھِس  سٟتؠ ملاقات تہٕ کوٚرن یمن ہنٛد اِسلام قبول تہٕ تہنٛز وفادأری ہِنٛز دعا قبوٗل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;jamesr&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ghalib&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;amira&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Huston Smith|url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas/page/304|title=The New Encyclopedia of Islam|last2=Cyril Glassé|date=2003|publisher=Rowman Altamira|isbn=9780759101906|edition=illustrated, reprint, revised|page=[https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas/page/304 304]|author-link=Huston Smith}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot; /&gt; اَتھ واقعک ذِکر چھِ قرآن پاک کس صوٗرة الجِن مَنٛز آمت کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;skhan&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot; /&gt;

یہِ مسجد چھِ مکہس مَنٛز سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ قدیٖم مانٛنہٕ یوان تہٕ چھُ شہرس مَنٛز ینہٕ وٲلؠ سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ اہم مشیٖدن مَنٛز اَکھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;khamis&quot;/&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Michael Muhammad Knight|title=Journey to the End of Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/journeytoendofis0000knig|date=2009|publisher=Soft Skull Press|isbn=9781593765521|page=[https://archive.org/details/journeytoendofis0000knig/page/276 276]|author-link=Michael Muhammad Knight}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ابن سہل (ریٲضی دان)</title>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="3820" sha1="1siv56av6ajw8fxrai6zm6qd4n626w7" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ibn_Sahl_manuscript.jpg|thumb|396x396px|پٲداوار Millī MS 867 Fol 7r، یہٕ چھ پننہٕ اضطرابُک قانونٕچ دریافت ہاونس ظٲہر کران (راشد، ۱۹۹۰ پیٹھہٕ) ۔ شکلُک زیٖٹھ حصٕہ چُھ پلانو-کنویٚکس لیٚنسٕچ نمائندگی کران (دٕچھنہٕ طرفہٕ تہٕ امکس پرنسپل ایٚکسَس پیٹھ (اکھ افقی لائن) ۔ ]]
[[File:Ibn_Sahl.svg|right|thumb|275x275px|ابن سہل سٕنٛز تعٲمیرٕچ تشریح۔ ]]
'''ابن سہل''' (مکمل نام: Abū Sa 'd al-ʻAlâʼ ibn Sahal ʻAbou ād al-Âalāʼ bne Şahl Şahal Ş۔ ۹۴۰-۱۰۰۰ ′ اوس اَکھ فارسی ریٲضی دان تہٕ اِسلٲمی سنہری دورُک طبیعیات دان یم سُنٛد تعلق [[بَغداد|بغداد]] کہ [[بویِد|بوید]] دربارس سٟتؠ اوس۔&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.com/books?id=_AUtLNtg3nsC&amp;q=ibn+sahl+persian+mathematician%2FThe&amp;pg=PA89 Enterprise of Science in Islam: New Perspectives] - J۔ P۔ Hogendijk, A۔ I۔ Sabra &quot;The first clear evidence we have of a correct understanding of Ptolemy's theory of refraction does not appear in the Arabic sources available to us until the second half of the tenth century, when the Persian mathematician al-Ala ibn Sahl was able to put Ptolemy's ideas to use in formulating entirely original geometrical arguments for the construction of burning instruments by means of refraction&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/optics,&quot;There are a number of optical texts by authors with a Persian ethnicity or association۔ The earliest is Abu Saʿd al-ʿAlāʾ Ebn Sahl at the Persian Buyid court (945–1055), better known for his early conception of the “sine law of refraction” and burning mirrors (Rashed, 1990, pp۔ 464-68; 1993; 2005) than his work on optics proper (Sabra, 1989, pp۔ lix-lx; 1994).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://ijhpm.org/index.php/IJHPM/article/download/111/62,&quot;Exploiting{{مۄردٕ جوڈ|date=January 2023}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191116142854/https://ijhpm.org/index.php/IJHPM/article/download/111/62 |date=2019-11-16 }} the 10th-century Persian
mathematician Ibn Sahl’s development on Ptolemy’s studies
of refraction,48 he generalized the relationship between incident
and refracted rays in a form that presaged Snell’s law.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/1867-light-ideas-and-technology-timeline,&quot;Persian scientist Ibn Sahl writes On burning mirrors and lenses, which sets out his understanding of how curved mirrors and lenses bend and focus light۔ He discovers a law of refraction mathematically equivalent to Snell’s law (1615).&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Hogendijk|first=edited by Jan P.|title=The enterprise of science in Islam : new perspectives|url=https://archive.org/details/enterpriseofscie0000unse|last2=Sabra|first2=Abdelhamid I.|date=2003|publisher=MIT|isbn=0-262-19482-1|location=Cambridge, Mass.; London|page=[https://archive.org/details/enterpriseofscie0000unse/page/89 89]}}&lt;/ref&gt;  أمؠ سٕنٛد ناوس پیٚٹھ چھُنہٕ کینٛہہ تہِ خاص بس چھُ أمؠ سٕنٛدؠ ملکٕچ جھلک ہاونک اجازت دوان۔&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Nothing in his surname and given names, however, allows us to glimpse either his country of origin or his social and religious allegiance &amp;#x2014; unless a link may be established with [[Al-Hasan ibn Sahl|another Ibn Sahl]] of the same period, who was an astrologer concerned with mathematics; for the time being, however, this connection has no historical value.&quot; Roshdi Rashed, '' Geometry and Dioptrics in Classical Islam'', London (2005), p۔ 3.&lt;/ref&gt;

== بییہٚ وُچھو ==
[[ابن سینا]]

==حَوالہٕ جات==
{{حَوالہٕ}}</text>
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    <title>طالب جوہری</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="3376" sha1="q707wzsytv9fsvin31xalxanketd4ke" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ}}
طالب جوہری(27 اَگَست 1939-21 جون 2020) (اُردوٗ: طالب جوہری) أوس اَکھ پٲکِستٲنؠ [[اِسلام|اسِلام]] سُکالر [[شیعہ|شیعۃ]] مورخ تہٕ اِسلام کٕس شیٕہ فرقک فلسفی۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=علامہ طالب جوہری کیلئے دعائے صحت|url=https://jang.com.pk/news/270988-todays-print|website=Jang News}}&lt;/ref&gt;سُہ چھ بٔڑس پیمانس پیٚٹھ ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ مشہوٗر شیٕہ سکالر سٕنٛدؠ پٲٹھی مشہوٗر، تہٕ أمی سٕنٛدی خطبات ٲسؠ پی ٹی وی نیٹ ورکس پیٚٹھ نشر کرنہٕ آمٕتہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Allama Talib Johri Passed Away - PTV Old|url=https://www.ptvold.com/2020/06/allama-talib-johri-passed-away.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923184759/https://www.ptvold.com/2020/06/allama-talib-johri-passed-away.html|archive-date=23 September 2020}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923184759/https://www.ptvold.com/2020/06/allama-talib-johri-passed-away.html |date=23 September 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== تٲلیٖم ==

جوہرین کٕر سٕید ابو القصم الخیٖی یس تحت تٕہ تٲلیٖم حٲصل۔ سُہ أوس محمد بکر الصدر سنٛد شاگرد۔ یٕہ چھ سید علی سیستانی سنٛد کلاس فیلو روموت ۔ ذیشان حیدر جواڑی تٕہ أوس نجف مَنٛز تہنٛد کلاس فیلو۔

== کتابہٕ ==

جوہرین چھ حدیس کرابالا تہٕ واریاہ کتابہٕ لیکھمٕژ، یِمن مَنٛز قرآن پاکس پؠٹھ اَکھ تفصیلی تبصرٕ تٕہ شٲمل چہٕ۔ أمہ سٕنٛز کتاب الامت ای ظہور ای مہدی چھےٚ اُردوٗ زبٲنہ مَنٛز امام مہدی سٕنٛدٕس موضوعس پیٚٹھ مرتب کرنہٕ تہٕ لیکھنہٕ ینہٕ واجؠن ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ جامع کتابٕہ مَنٛز اَکھ ماننہٕ یوان&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Renowned Islamic scholar Allama Talib Johri passes away|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/676133-renowned-islamic-scholar-allama-talib-johri-passes-away|website=The News International}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ أوس اَکھ شٲیِر تہِ، تہٕ أمی سٕنٛدی ترٛیٚیہ نظٲفتہٕ آیہٕ أمہِ سٕنٛدس زندگیس مَنٛز شایع کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Renowned religious scholar Allama Talib Johri passes away|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/294272-renowned-religious-scholar-allama-talib-johri|website=Geo News}}&lt;/ref&gt; یمن ہنٛزٕ معروف کامین ہنٛد فہرست چھ درج ذیل:

[[قُرآن|قرآن پاکک]] ترجم 

* احساں الحدیس (قرآن پاک) 

مقتل: 

* ''حدایس ای کرابالا''

مذہب: 

* ''زیکری ماسُوم''
* ''نِظام حیات اِنسانی''

فلسفٕہ: 

* ''اقلیات معصر'' (2005) 

شاعری: 

* ''ہرفی نامو'' (اُردوٗ شاعری)
==مزید وُچھو==
*[[عبد الهادي أوانج]]
*[[نورالاسلام فاروقی]]
*[[عبد الهادي أوانج]]
*[[سيد أحمد بشير]]

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:2020 وَفات]]
[[زٲژ:1939 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
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    <title>الغزالی</title>
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      <comment>Add 4 books for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="12723" sha1="fhz9ba0njc12miqpea3xe3llfe6uly4" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox religious biography
| region             = [[سلجوک سلطنت]]([[نشاپور]])&lt;ref name=Meri&gt;{{cite book |last=Griffel |first=Frank |author-link=Frank Griffel |title=Medieval Islamic civilization: an encyclopedia |year=2006 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=New York |isbn=978-0415966900 |editor-last=Meri |editor-first=Josef W.}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|292}}&lt;br /&gt;[[عباسد خلافت]] ([[بَغداد]])&lt;br /&gt; [[فاطمد خلافت]] ([[یوروشلم]]) / ([[دمشق]])&lt;ref name=Meri /&gt;{{rp|292}}
| era                = [[اِسلٲمی سۄنہری وقت]]
| honorific_prefix   = [[امام]]
| name               = الغزالی
| native_name        = ٱلْغَزَّالِيّ
| native_name_lang   = ar
| image              = أبو حامد الغزالي.png
| caption            = الغزالی سُنٛد ناو
| title              = [[حُجتہ الاِسلام]] ('اِسلامُک ثبوت')&lt;ref name=&quot;Hunt Janin p 83&quot;/&gt;
| birth_date         = {{circa|۱۰۵۸}}
| birth_place        = [[توس, ایٖرا |توس]], [[ایٖران]], [[سلجوک سلطنت]]
| death_date         = {{death date and age|df=y|۱۱۱۱|۱۲|۱۹|۱۰۵۸||}}
| death_place        = توس, ایٖران, سلجوک سلطنت 
| religion           = [[اِسلام]]
| denomination       = [[سُنی]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Meri |first1=Josef W. |last2=Bacharach |first2=Jere L. |title=Medieval Islamic Civilization: A-K |date=2006 |publisher=[[Taylor &amp; Francis]] |isbn=978-0415966917 |page=293}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Böwering |first1=Gerhard |last2=Crone |first2=Patricia |title=The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought |url=https://archive.org/details/princetonencyclo0000unse |date=2013 |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |isbn=978-0691134840 |page=[https://archive.org/details/princetonencyclo0000unse/page/191 191] |quote=Ghazali (ca. 1058–1111) Abu Hamid Muhammad b. Muhammad al-Ghazali al-Tusi (the &quot;Proof of Islam&quot;) is the most renowned Sunni theologian of the Seljuq period (1038–1194).}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| school             = [[شافعی]]
| creed              = [[اشائری]]&lt;ref name=&quot;jacb1&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=A.C. Brown |first1=Jonathan |author-link=Jonathan A.C. Brown |title=Hadith: Muhammad's Legacy in the Medieval and Modern World ''(Foundations of Islam)'' |url=https://archive.org/details/hadithmuhammadsl0000brow |date=2009 |publisher=[[Oneworld Publications]] |isbn=978-1851686636 |page=[https://archive.org/details/hadithmuhammadsl0000brow/page/179 179]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=The Qur'an: An Encyclopedia |last=Leaman |first=Oliver |publisher=[[Taylor &amp; Francis]] |year=2006 |isbn=978-0415326391 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/quranencyclopedi2006unse/page/84 84] |url=https://archive.org/details/quranencyclopedi2006unse/page/84}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| main_interests     = [[صوفیه]], [[مٲہری]] (''[[کلام]]''), [[فلسفہٕ]], [[logic]], [[شریعه]], [[فقہٕ|اِسلٲمی قوانین ]], [[اِسلٲمی قوانینٕکؠ اصول]]
| notable_works      = ''[[The Revival of Religious Sciences]]'', ''[[The Aims of the Philosophers]]'', ''[[The Incoherence of the Philosophers]]'', ''[[Kimiya-yi sa'ādat|The Alchemy of Happiness]]'', ''[[The Moderation in Belief]]'', ''[[The Condensed in Imam Shafi’i’s Jurisprudence]]'', ''[[Al-Mustasfa min 'ilm al-usul|On Legal theory of Muslim Jurisprudence]]''
| influences         = {{flatlist|
* [[Harith al-Muhasibi]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25182038 |title=The Forerunner of Al-Ghazali |jstor=25182038 |last1=Smith |first1=Margaret |journal=The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |year=1936 |volume=68 |issue=1 |pages=65–78 |doi=10.1017/S0035869X00076358 |s2cid=163151146}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[al-Juwayni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;auto21&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.ghazali.org/site/teachers.htm |title=Imam Ghazali's Teachers: al-Ghazali's Website |website=www.ghazali.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Avicenna]]&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ |url=https://phm.znu.ac.ir/article_19567.html?lang=en |title=Archived copy |access-date=2024-06-25 |archive-date=2024-11-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130222805/https://phm.znu.ac.ir/article_19567.html?lang=en |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Al-Raghib al-Isfahani]]
}}
| influenced         = {{flatlist|
* [[ابن رشد]]
* [[ابو بکر ابن العربی]]{{sfn|Griffel|2009|p=62}}
* [[عین القزت ہمدانی]]{{sfn|Griffel|2009|p=81}}
* [[النواوی]]{{sfn|Griffel|2009|p=76}}
* [[ابن تمارت]]{{sfn|Griffel|2009|p=77}}
* [[René Descartes]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Marenbon |first=John |author-link=John Marenbon |title=Medieval Philosophy: an historical and philosophical introduction |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=JX2CAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA174 174] |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2007 |url=http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415281133 |isbn=978-0-415-28113-3}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Fakhr al-Din al-Razi]]{{sfn|Griffel|2009|p=75}}
* [[السیوتی]]&lt;ref name=&quot;auto13&quot;&gt;Andrew Rippin, The Blackwell Companion to the Qur'an, p 410. {{ISBN|1405178442}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Maimonides]]&lt;ref name=&quot;plato.stanford.edu&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/maimonides-islamic/ |title=The Influence of Islamic Thought on Maimonides |encyclopedia=Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |date=June 30, 2005}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Tan Malaka]]
* [[Thomas Aquinas]]&lt;ref name=&quot;auto18&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Karin |last1=Heinrichs |first2=Fritz |last2=Oser |title=Terence Lovat, Handbook of Moral Motivation: Theories, Models, Applications |date=12 June 2013 |page=257 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-9462092754}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Shah Waliullah Dehlawi]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.netmuslims.com/index.php/islamic-articles/muslim-contributions/89-muslim-philosophy |title=Muslim Philosophy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029193408/http://www.netmuslims.com/index.php/islamic-articles/muslim-contributions/89-muslim-philosophy |archive-date=2013-10-29 |website=Islamic Contributions to Science &amp; Math, netmuslims.com }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029193408/http://www.netmuslims.com/index.php/islamic-articles/muslim-contributions/89-muslim-philosophy |date=2013-10-29 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[David Hume]]&lt;ref name=&quot;auto6&quot;&gt;James Robert Brown, Philosophy of Science: The Key Thinkers, p. 159. {{ISBN|1441142002}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Sayf al-Din al-Amidi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;auto12&quot;&gt;[https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/al-baghdadi/ Sayf Din al-Amidi] Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, September 18, 2019&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Asad Mayhani]]{{sfn|Griffel|2009|p=71}}
* [[Ali al-Qari]]&lt;ref name=&quot;auto19&quot;&gt;Ayn al-`Ilm wa Zayn al-Hilm, Muqadimmah, Page 1&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Muhammad Ibn Yahya al-Janzi]]{{sfn|Griffel|2009|p=74}}
}}
}}

'''''ابو حامد محمد ا بن محمد التوسیعی الغزالی'''''' (عربی: أبوحمود محمد بن محمد الثتوسین الغزالی) عام طور پٲٹھؠ غزالی ناوٕ سٟتؠ زانٔنہٕ یِوان (عربی: الغزالی)
یمہٕ چھِ 11 مہ صدی ہنٛدؠ [[مجدد|مجدِد]] سمجھنہٕ یوان، یُس عقیدٕکؠ تجدید کار چھ، یس نبی سٕنٛدِ مطابق چھُ، اسلامی برادری ہنٛد عقیدٕ بحال کرنہٕ خاطرٕ ہر 100 وری مَنٛز اکہِ لٹہِ ظٲہر گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;William Montgomery Watt p۔ 180&quot;&gt;William Montgomery Watt, ''Al-Ghazali: The Muslim Intellectual'', p۔ 180. [[Edinburgh]]: [[Edinburgh University Press]], 1963.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Rosmizi|first=Mohd|last2=Yucel|first2=Salih|date=2016|title=The Mujaddid of his age: Al-Ghazali and his inner spiritual journey|url=https://researchoutput.csu.edu.au/en/publications/the-mujaddid-of-his-age-al-ghazali-and-his-inner-spiritual-journe|journal=UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies|language=English|volume=3|issue=2|pages=1–12|doi=10.11113/umran2016.3n2.56|issn=2289-8204|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto3&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Smith|first=Jane I.|title=Islam in America|url=https://archive.org/details/islaminamericaja0000smit|date=19 November 2009|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0231519991|page=[https://archive.org/details/islaminamericaja0000smit/page/36 36]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto9&quot;&gt;Dhahabi, Siyar, 4.566&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto5&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Oxtoby|first=Willard Gurdon|date=1996|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|page=421}}&lt;/ref&gt; الغزالی سنٛز کامہِ چھےٚ تیٖژھاہ ہم عصر افرادن تیوٗت زیٛادٕ سراہنہٕ آمژٕ کہ أمس آو &quot;'''اسلامُک ثبوت'''&quot; (حجۃ الاسلامیہ) اعزاز سٟتؠ نوازنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Hunt Janin p 83&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Janin|first=Hunt|title=The Pursuit of Learning in the Islamic World|url=https://archive.org/details/pursuitoflearnin0000jani_v6b1|publisher=McFarland|year=2005|isbn=0786419547|page=[https://archive.org/details/pursuitoflearnin0000jani_v6b1/page/83 83]}}&lt;/ref&gt; الغزالی ٲسؠ [[شافعی|شعفی]] فقہِ مَنٛز اَکھ نمایاں [[مجتہد]]&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Al Beirawi|first=Abu Ismael|title=Essays on Ijtihad in the 21st Century|date=12 April 2016|publisher=[[CreateSpace]]|isbn=9781539995036|page=35}}&lt;/ref&gt;۔

الغزالی سٕنٛز زیٛادٕ تر کتابہٕ سپٕدؠ [[بَغداد|بغدادس]] مَنٛز نظامیہ یونیورسٹی ہُنٛد سربراہ مقرر گژھنہٕ پتہٕ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدِ روحٲنی بحرانن اندر اندر تصنیف، یۄس تمہٕ وقتہٕ [[مسلمان]] دنیاہُک ساروٕی کھۄتہٕ باوقار علمی عۄہدٕ اوس۔&lt;ref&gt;Joseph E۔ B۔ Lumbard, Islam, Fundamentalism, and the Betrayal of Tradition: Essays by Western Muslim Scholars p90۔ ISBN 0941532607&lt;/ref&gt; اَمہِ صورت حالک وجہ بنیوو تٔمؠ سُند ٲخر کار دٔہ ؤری کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ عرصہٕ تام مُسلمان دنیاہٕ نِش غٲب، تکیازِ تیمس اوس احساس زِ تٔمؠ ٲسؠ خدایس سٕنزِ رضا بدلہٕ مرتبہٕ تہٕ خۄدغرضی ہٕنٛز وتھ منتخب کٔرمٕژ۔&lt;ref&gt;Nasr, Seyyed Hossein (2014). &quot;Happiness and the Attainment of Happiness: An Islamic Perspective&quot;. ''Journal of Law and Religion''. '''29''' (1): 76–91 [80]. doi:10.1017/jlr.2013.18۔ JSTOR 24739088.&lt;/ref&gt; اَتھ دورس دوران سپد تٔمؠ سٕنٛزٕ واریاہ عظیم کتابہٕ تصنیف&lt;ref&gt;Nasr, Seyyed Hossein (2014). &quot;Happiness and the Attainment of Happiness: An Islamic Perspective&quot;. ''Journal of Law and Religion''. '''29''' (1): 76–91 [80]. doi:10.1017/jlr.2013.18۔ JSTOR 24739088.&lt;/ref&gt;۔ تسُنٛد خیال اوس زِ اِسلٲمی روحٲنی روایت چھِ ٹھہراونہٕ آمٕژ تہٕ مسلمانن ہٕنٛزِ گۄڈنِچہِ نسلہِ([[صُحابی|اصحاب]] تہٕ طابیین) ہٕنٛدِ دٔسؠ پرناونہٕ آمٕتؠ روحٲنی علوم چھہٕ مشراونہٕ آمٕتؠ۔&lt;ref&gt;Böwering, Gerhard; Crone, Patricia; Mirza, Mahan; Kadi, Wadad; Zaman, Muhammad Qasim; Stewart, Devin J. (2013). ''The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought''. Princeton University Press۔ p۔ 191۔ ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;978-0691134840&lt;/bdi&gt; – via Google Books.&lt;/ref&gt; اَمہِ عقیدت سٟتؠ سپٕدؠ تِم پنٕنؠ عظیم تصنیف [[إِحْيَاء عُلُوم ٱلدِّين|احیا]] [[إِحْيَاء عُلُوم ٱلدِّين|العلوم الدین]] لیکھنہٕ باپتھ آمادہ۔&lt;ref&gt;Sonn, Tamara (1996-10-10). ''Interpreting Islam: Bandali Jawzi's Islamic Intellectual History''. Oxford University Press۔ pp۔ 30۔ ISBN &lt;bdi&gt;9780195356564&lt;/bdi&gt;. &lt;q&gt;Ghazali Revival ihya.&lt;/q&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; تٔمؠ سٕنٛزن باقی اہم کامین مَنٛز چھہٕ، تہافت الفلاسفہ، یا 'فلسفین ہٕنٛز عدم ربط،'، یہٕ چھ ارسطوہٕچہِ  تنقیدس برونٹھ پکناوان یتھہ 14مہ صدی کس یورپس مَنٛز مزید ترقی آیہٕ دنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;Griffel, Frank (2016). &quot;Al-Ghazali&quot;. In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). ''The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' (Winter 2016 ed.). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University.&lt;/ref&gt;

== بییہٚ وُچھو  ==

* [[List of Ash'aris and Maturidis|اشائراہن تہٕ ماتوٗریٖدن ہِنٛز فہرست]]
* [[List of Muslim theologians|مسلمان مذہبی مٲہرینن ہِنٛز فہرست]]
* [[List of Sufis|صوفیاہن ہِنٛز فہرست]]
* [[Mujaddid|مُجدد]]
* [[Nasîhatnâme|نصیحتنامہ]]

== حَوالہٕ جات ==</text>
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    <title>مسجدِ قُبا</title>
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مسجدِ قُبا(عربی: مسجد قُبا، : ) چھِ [[سوٗدی عرب|سعودی عرب]] کِس حززز علاقس مَنٛز واقعہٕ گژھن واجیٚنہ اَکھ مسجد یس 7 مہٕ صدی عیسوی مَنٛز [[اِسلامَس مَنٛز پٲغَمبر|پیغمبر اسلام]] صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم سنٛز زندگی مَنٛز ٲس تعٲمیر کۆرمت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Michigan C 1986&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Michigan Consortium for Medieval and Early Modern Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p44kAQAAMAAJ|title=The Meeting of Two Worlds: Cultural Exchange Between East and West During the Period of the Crusades|publisher=Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University|year=1986|isbn=0-918720-58-3|editor-last=Goss, V. P.|volume=21|page=208|editor-last2=Bornstein, C. V.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Abu Sway 2011&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Mustafa Abu Sway|title=The Holy Land, Jerusalem and Al-Aqsa Mosque in the Qur'an, Sunnah and other Islamic Literary Source|publisher=[[Central Conference of American Rabbis]]|url=http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/Abusway_0.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728001911/http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/Abusway_0.pdf|archivedate=2011-07-28}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728001911/http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/Abusway_0.pdf |date=2011-07-28 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dyrness2013&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Dyrness, W. A.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=inJNAwAAQBAJ|title=Senses of Devotion: Interfaith Aesthetics in Buddhist and Muslim Communities|date=2013-05-29|publisher=[[Wipf and Stock]] Publishers|isbn=978-1-62032-136-2|volume=7|page=25}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہٕ چھ دنیاہک گۄڑنچ مسجد سمجھنہٕ یوان، یُس [[مُحَمَّد|محمد بن]] ہجرت گۄڑنک دوہ اوس بناونہٕ آمت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;MaccaAryanti_11-2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Macca|first=A. A.|last2=Aryanti|first2=T.|date=16–18 November 2016|title=The Domes: El Wakil's Traditionalist Architecture of Quba Mosque|journal=IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering|volume=180|page=012092|doi=10.1088/1757-899X/180/1/012092|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Alahmadi, M.|last2=Mansour, S.|last3=Dasgupta, N.|last4=Abulibdeh, A.|last5=Atkinson, P. M.|last6=Martin, D. J.|date=2021|title=Using daily nighttime lights to monitor spatiotemporal patterns of human lifestyle under covid-19: The case of Saudi Arabia.|journal=Remote Sensing|volume=13|issue=22|page=4633|bibcode=2021RemS...13.4633A|doi=10.3390/rs13224633|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;  وننہٕ چھِ یوان زِ امیک گۄڑنک کنہٕ اوس نبی سنٛد طرفہٕ تراونہٕ آمت، تہٕ ڈھانچہٕ چھ أمؠ سٕنٛدؠ سٲتھیو مکمل کوٚرمت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;HajiInformation&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Masjid Quba is the first mosque in Islam's history|url=http://www.hajinformation.com/main/h2022.htm|access-date=2010-10-19|website=Masjid Quba'|publisher=The [[Ministry of Hajj and Religious Affairs|Ministry of Hajj]], Kingdom of [[Saudi Arabia]]|archive-date=2017-08-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170822095754/http://www.hajinformation.com/main/h2022.htm|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

تٲریخی اِسلأمی متنن مطٲبق گزٲر محمد صأبن ابو بکر سٟتؠ ہجرت تہٕ گزٲرکھ اَتھ مسجدس مَنٛز 14 دوہ نماز ''قصر'' (عربی: قصر) ، اَکھ مختصر نماز ،علی سنٛد مدینہ ینہٕک انتظار کران، محمد صأبن ہنٛد زندگی بچاونہٕ تہٕ فرار گژھنہٕ خٲطرٕ مکہس مَنٛز پتھ روزنہٕ پتہٕ، پننہٕ جایہٕ محمد صأبن ہنٛد  بِستَرس  پؠٹھ سأوِتھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Ali in the Quran|url=http://balaghah.net/old/nahj-htm/eng/id/imam-ali/9107/007.htm|access-date=2021-03-02|website=Balaghah.net|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  گھرس مَنٛز ''[[عمرہ|عمراہ]]''=&quot;Wudu&quot;&gt;وَزوٗ۔ ('Ablution') کرنہٕ پتہٕ مسجد قُباہس مَنٛز ''نیفٕل'' زٕ ''راکآت'' (اختیاری نماز) ادا کرن چھِ اَکھ [[عمرہ]] کرنہٕ برابر سمجھنہٕ یوان۔محمد صأب اوس پرٛؠتھ بٹہٕ وار دۄہ  سوار یا پأدل گژھان تہٕ زٕ ''راکآت'' نماز ادا کران۔ تٔمؠ دیُت باقین تہٕ یژھ کرنک مشوَرٕ، یہِ وَنِتھ، &quot;یُس تہٕ گھرس مَنٛز وَزوٗ چھ کران تہٕ پتہٕ مسجد قُباہس مَنٛز چھِ یوان تہٕ نماز ادا کران، أمس چھ عمراہ ہیو انعام۔&quot; یہِ روایت ٲس احمد بن حبل النسیعی ابن ماجہ تہٕ حکیم النشبوری ہن دژمٕژ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Quba — the first mosque in the history of Islam|url=https://www.arabnews.com/news/600996|accessdate=14 August 2021|journal=Arab News|date=12 July 2014|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  {{citation needed|date=February 2019}}گۄڑنِتھ اوس مسجد قُبا کِس گامس مَنٛز مدینٕہ پؠٹھ 6 کلومیٹر (3.7 میٖل) دور تعمیٖر کرنہٕ آمت، امہٕ برونٚٹھ اوس یہٕ گام شٲمل کرنہٕ خأطرٕ مدینٕہ تہٕ وسیع کۆرمُت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Çakmak, Cenap|title=Islam: a worldwide encyclopedia|url=https://archive.org/details/islamworldwideen0002unse|date=2017-05-18|isbn=978-1-61069-217-5|location=[[Santa Barbara, California]], the US|oclc=962409918}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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بَرِصَغیٖر ہِند چھُ جۆنوٗبی ایشیاء ہُک اَکھ طبعی خطہٕ، یُس زیٛادٕ تر ہندوستٲنؠ پلیٹس پؠٹھ واقع چھُ، یُس [[ہِمالیَہ|ہمالیہ]] پیٹھہٕ جۆنوٗب کن بحر ہند مَنٛز پیش چھُ گژھان۔ جغرافیائی سیاست کہ لحاظٕ سٟتؠ چھُ یہٕ [[بَنٛگلہ دیٖش|بنگلہ دیش]] ،[[بھوٹان]]، [[ہِندوستان|ہندوستان]]، [[مالدیٖو|مالدیپ]]، [[نؠپال]] پاکستان، تہٕ [[سِری لنٛکا|سری لنکا]] کین ملکن ہند بڑن علاقن پؠٹھ محیط۔اگرچہ اصطلاحات &quot;1&quot; برصغیر پاک و ہند تہٕ [[جنوبی ایشیا|جنوبی ایشیاء]]  چھ اکثر خطس ظٲہر کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ ایکس بییس جاے اِستِمال کَتنہٕ یِوان، جۆنوٗبی ایشیا کہ جیو پولیٹیکل اصطلاحس مَنٛز چھ اکثر [[اَفغٲنِستان|افغانستان]] شٲمل آسان، یُس نہٕ برصغیر پاک و ہندس حصہٕ کس طورس پؠٹھ سمجھنہٕ یوان چھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;dkumar889&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Dhavendra Kumar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BLLmbgt8wNgC&amp;pg=PA889|title=Genomics and Health in the Developing World|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2012|isbn=978-0-19-537475-9|page=889|quote=India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan and other small islands of the Indian Ocean}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;pirbhai14&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Mariam Pirbhai|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EsCZZ3K6-uYC&amp;pg=PA14|title=Mythologies of Migration, Vocabularies of Indenture: Novels of the South Asian Diaspora in Africa, the Caribbean, and Asia-Pacific|publisher=University of Toronto Press|year=2009|isbn=978-0-8020-9964-8|page=14}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;mmann&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Michael Mann|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Uh0cBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT13|title=South Asia's Modern History: Thematic Perspectives|publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis|year=2014|isbn=978-1-317-62445-5|pages=13–15}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;McLeod p1&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=John McLeod|title=The history of India|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofindia0000mcle|publisher=Greenwood Press|year=2002|isbn=0-313-31459-4|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofindia0000mcle/page/1 1]}} Note: McLeod does not include Afghanistan in the Indian subcontinent or South Asia.&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>سونٛگ کانٛگ</title>
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| hangul        = 송강
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| rr            = Song Gang
| mr            = Song Kang
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'''سونٛگ کانٛگ''' (کورین:송강 ) (پٲدٲیِش 23 اپریل 1994) چھِ اَکھ جنوٗبی کوریائی اداکار۔  ٹیلی وِجَن سیریٖز مَنٛز چھ تہند قٲبل ذکر مرکزی کردارن مَنٛز لَو الارم (2019-2021) ، [[ٹوٹھ گرٕ (TV Series)|سویٹ ہوم]] (2020-2024) ، نیولیرا (2021) بہر حال (2021) محبت تہٕ موسمٕچ پیشن گوئی (2022) تہٕ [[میون شیطان|مائی ڈیمن]]  شٲمل۔ سہ چھ مشہوٗر &quot;[[نیٹ فلکس|نیٚٹفٕلکسک]] نیٚچو&quot; ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ یوان تکیاز أمؠ سٕنٛز زیٛادٕ تر سیریز چھےٚ پلیٹ فارمس پیٚٹھ ہاونہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=June 22, 2021|title=How Song Kang became the 'son of Netflix'|url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/celebrity/article/3138301/how-song-kang-became-son-netflix-k-drama-king-starred|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224063223/https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/celebrity/article/3138301/how-song-kang-became-son-netflix-k-drama-king-starred|archive-date=February 24, 2022|access-date=February 24, 2022|website=[[South China Morning Post]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:جۆنوٗبی کۄرِیٲیی اداکار]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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{{مولوٗماتھ}}
'''مِن یوٗن گی'''  (کورین: 민윤기) 9 مارٕچ 1993 تس مَنٛز پیدٲیش یوس پیشورانہٕ طورس پؠٹھ چھِ پننس سٹیج ناو '''شۆگا''' سٟتؠ زاننہٕ یوان۔سہُ چھِ [[بی ٹی ایس]] سُک اَکھ بأژ.{{IPA|ko|ɕʰuɡa̠}}
[[زٲژ:1993 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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'''دَے ،خۄداے''' ،'''رۄب''' یا '''بَگوان'''( '''God''') اکشرتی عقیدٕ کہ نظامن مَنٛز چھِ خۄداے  عام طورس پؠٹھ اعلٰی وجوٗد، خٲلق، تہٕ عقیدٕ کہ بنیٲدی مقصد کس طورس پؠٹھ وچھنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Swinburne&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Swinburne|first=R. G.|title=The Oxford Companion to Philosophy|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00hond|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1995|editor-last=Honderich|editor-first=Ted|editor-link=Ted Honderich|chapter=God|author-link=Richard Swinburne}}&lt;/ref&gt; مشرک عقیدٕ کہ نظامن مَنٛز چھ، بھگوان اَکھ روح یا یہٕ خیال یوان کرنہٕ ز ایم چھ تخلیق کوٚرمت، یا [[سَمسار]] یا زِندگی ہنٛد کیانٛہہ حصہٕ کنٹرول کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ، یَتھ خٲطرٕچھ اکثر ایکہ دیوتا سٕنٛز پوٗزا یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=god|url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/god|website=Cambridge Dictionary}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Definition of GOD|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/god|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220102221/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/god|archive-date=20 February 2023|access-date=2023-02-27|website=www.merriam-webster.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; کم از کم اکس خۄداے کس وجوٗدس پؠٹھ یقیٖن چھ تھزم theism وننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=THEISM Definition &amp; Usage Examples|url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/theism|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231202194557/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/theism?|archive-date=2 December 2023|access-date=2023-11-13|website=Dictionary.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Definition of THEISM|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/theism|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514194441/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/theism|archive-date=14 May 2011|access-date=2023-11-13|website=www.merriam-webster.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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'''شیخ حسینہ وازد''' (پٲدٲیِش 28 سَتَمبَر 1947) چھ اَکھ [[بَنٛگلہ دیٖش|بنگلہ دیشٕچ]] سیاست دان یمؠ جون 1996 پیٹھہٕ جُلَے 2001 تام تہٕ دوبارٕ جَنؤری 2009 پیٹھہٕ اَگَست 2024 تام بنگلہ دیشٕچ دہم وزیر اعظم ٲس۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Bangladesh's PM resigns and flees country as protesters storm her residence capping weeks of unrest|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/08/05/bangladesh-hasina-student-protest-quota-violence/463cd814-52e8-11ef-9a60-5b6e8b4da7c0_story.html|journal=[[Washington Post]]|date=5 August 2024|accessdate=5 August 2024|archivedate=6 August 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806001541/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/08/05/bangladesh-hasina-student-protest-quota-violence/463cd814-52e8-11ef-9a60-5b6e8b4da7c0_story.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Hasnat|first=Saif|last2=Martínez|first2=Andrés R.|title=What We Know About the Ouster of Bangladesh's Leader|url=https://www.nytimes.com/article/bangladesh-student-protests.html|journal=[[The New York Times]]|date=5 August 2024|accessdate=5 August 2024|archivedate=6 August 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806145053/https://www.nytimes.com/article/bangladesh-student-protests.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; سۄ چھےٚ بنٛگلہ دیشٕچہِ نٔوِمہِ قومی پارلِمؠنٛٹ چہِ سرکٲرِ طرفٕچہِ سربراہ تہٕ بنٛگلہ دیش عوامی لیٖگٕچہِ رہنُما۔ سۄ چھےٚ بنگ بندھو شیخ مجیب الرحمٰن سٕنٛز کوٗر، یُس بنٛگلہ دیشٕچ عظیم آزٲدی ہِنٛز جدوجہد ہُنٛد اَہَم رہنُما تہٕ بنٛگلہ دیشٕچ حکوٗمتُک گۄڈٕنیُوک صدر نیشنل فادر چھُ۔ بنٛگلہ دیشَس مَنٛز عوامٕچ (طالبہِ علمَن ہٕنٛز تحریک + جماعت اسلامی + بی این پی) بغاوت پتہٕ دِیُت تٔمؠ 05 اَگَست 2024 اِستِفہٕ تہٕ ہندوستانَس مَنٛز پناہ نِنہٕ خٲطرٕ ترٛوو مُلُک۔
== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:بَنٛگلہ دیٖشی سِیاسَتھ دان]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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    <title>بۆم سِن</title>
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اَکھ بۆم سِن earthworm چھ میژ مَنٛز روزن وول زمینی invertebrate یُس [[سۄرد]] انیلیڈاہس سٟتؠ تعلق چھ تھاوان۔ 

بۆم سِن چھ عام طور پٲٹھؠ نم، کمپوسٹ سٟتؠ بھرپور میژ مَنٛز لبنہٕ یوان، یم مختلف قسمٕک نامیٲتی چیز چھ کھانان، یمن مَنٛز ڈیٹرائٹس زندٕ پروٹوزوا روٹیفرز، [[نِماَٹوڈا|نیماتوڈس]] بیکٹیریا فنگس تہٕ باقی خرد حیاتیات شٲمل چھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Bonkowski|first=Michael|last2=Griffiths|first2=Bryan S.|last3=Ritz|first3=Karl|date=November 2000|title=Food preferences of earthworms for soil fungi|journal=Pedobiologia|volume=44-6|issue=6|pages=667|bibcode=2000Pedob..44..666B|doi=10.1078/S0031-4056(04)70080-3}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Lofty|first=Clive A.|title=Biology of Earthworms|last2=Lofty|first2=J. R.|publisher=Chapman &amp; Hall|year=1977|isbn=0-412-14950-8|location=London|pages=80}}&lt;/ref&gt; بۆم سِن سنٛد نظام ہضمہ digestive system چھ تہنٛدس جسمچ زیچھرٕ تام پکان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Edwards|first=Clive A.|title=Biology of Earthworms|url=https://archive.org/details/biologyofearthwo0000edwa_c5x9|last2=Lofty|first2=J.R.|publisher=Chapman &amp; Hall|year=1977|isbn=0-412-14950-8|location=London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/biologyofearthwo0000edwa_c5x9/page/19 19]}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

یمن ہنز تقسیم چھٚے عام طور پرؠتھ کُنہِ جایِہ تقسیم، یتہ میژ، آب تہٕ درجہ حرارتٕک حالات چھ اجازت دوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Coleman|first=David C.|title=Fundamentals of Soil Ecology|last2=Crossley|first2=D.A.|last3=Hendrix|first3=Paul F.|publisher=Elsevier Academic Press|year=2004|isbn=0-12-179726-0|location=Amsterdam; Boston|pages=170}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

بۆم سِن چھِ ہرمپروفروڈائٹس: پرؠتھ بۆم سِن مَنٛز چھ نر تہٕ مادٕ تولیدی اعضاء reproductive organs  تہٕ جنسی چھور genital pores   آسان۔ ملاونہٕ وِزِ چھ زٕ انفرٲدی  مٔچھ تبادلہٕ کران تہٕ اَکھ أکس ہٕنٛد زنہِ مٔچھ فرٹیلائز کران۔
== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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مٔچھ جمع مچھہِ('''''مسکا ڈومیسٹک''''') چھ ذیلی ترتیب سائکلورافا ہک اَکھ مٔچھ۔ یہٕ گوو ممکنہ طورس پؠٹھ مشرق وسطیmiddle east مَنٛز شۆروٗع، تہٕ پھیلیو پورٕ دنیاہس مَنٛز [[اِنسان|انسان۔]] ہند کمیٚنسل کس طورس پؠٹھ۔ یہِ چھ گھرن مَنٛز لبنہٕ ینہٕ واجؠن ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ عام ووڈ وُن کیٚوم ہٕنٛز نسل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |chapter=Appendix C: The State Emblem of India (Prohibition of Improper Use) Act, 2005 |title=Righteous Republic |url=https://archive.org/details/righteousrepubli0000vajp |year=2012 |page=[https://archive.org/details/righteousrepubli0000vajp/page/257 257] |publisher=Harvard University Press |doi=10.4159/harvard.9780674067288.c9 |isbn=978-0-674-06728-8}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>بۆمبُر</title>
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اَکھ '''بۆمبُر (bumble bee )''' چھِ بومبَس [[جٲتؠ|جینس]] مَنٛز 250 کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ انواع مَنٛز کنٛہہ تہٕ، یُس مچھہٕ ہنٛدؠن خاندانن مَنٛز اَکھ چھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Brown |first1=Lesley |last2=Stevenson |first2=Angus |year=2007 |title=Shorter Oxford English dictionary on historical principles |url=https://archive.org/details/shorteroxfordeng0002unse_z2f4 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford [Oxfordshire] |isbn=978-0-19-923325-0 |page=309}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==بیٚیہِ وٕچِھو==
[[یٔمبٕر زَل]]

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>خانٛدَر</title>
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      <text bytes="14297" sha1="2btfzg21dndyjaos41vf8zwy6wi56cr" xml:space="preserve">'''خانٛدَر''' یَتھ '''نیٚتھٕر''' تہٕ ونان چھ، چھ ثقافتی تہٕ اکثر قانونی طورس پؠٹھ تسلیم شدٕ لوکن درمیان یَکوَٹ گژھان یِمن [[مہرؠن]] [[مہراز۔|مہراز]] ونان چھِ۔ یہٕ چھ یمن درمیان حقوق تہٕ ذمہ دأری قٲیِم کران، نیز یمن تہٕ یمن ہنٛزن بچن درمیان (اگر کنہہ تہٕ چھ) تہٕ یمن تہٕ یمن ہنٛدین سۄنؠن درمیان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Haviland|first=William A.|title=Cultural Anthropology: The Human Challenge|url=https://archive.org/details/culturalanthropo0000havi_j8a3|last2=Prins|first2=Harald E.L.|last3=McBride|first3=Bunny|last4=Walrath|first4=Dana|publisher=Cengage Learning|year=2011|isbn=978-0-495-81178-7|edition=13th|page=[https://archive.org/details/culturalanthropo0000havi_j8a3/page/209 209]|chapter=Chapter 9: Sex, Marriage, and Family|author-link2=Harald Prins|author-link3=Bunny McBride}} &quot;A nonethnocentric definition of marriage is a culturally sanctioned union between two or more people that establishes certain rights and obligations between the people, between them and their children, and between them and their in-laws.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

==کشیٖر مَنٛز خاندَر==
===کأشِر مُسلمان خاندَر===
کأشِر مُسلمان خاندَر رؠواج:
*گۄڈٕ '''منزِم یورِس''' ونان کُس گرٕ چھِ ژھانڈان۔

*'''پرچہِ ترٛاوُن''' : یَتھ مَنٛز منزِم یور لٕڑکہٕ یا کورِ ہنٛد پورٕ زان دِوان چھِ۔

*'''وٕچھنہِ گژھُن''': اَکہِ لَٹہِ ییٚلہِ دۄشوٕے عیال اَکھ أکِس مُتعلِق پرژھنہٕ پتہٕ مُطمعیٖن گَژھن، بیٛاکھ قدم چھُ مُمکِنہٕ مہرِنہِ یا مہراز وُچھُن۔ کُنہٕ ساتہٕ چھُ یہٕ طریقہٕ کار کورِ یا نفرٕ سٟتؠ مٲلس ماجہٕ سٟتؠ کرنہٕ یوان مگر کُنہٕ ساتہٕ چھُ یہٕ خوٗفیاہ طورس پؠٹھ اَکھ أکس سنٛز کٲم گاہس مَنٛز دٲخل گژھان پننہٕ شناخت ظٲہر کرنہٕ بغٲر کران۔ کینٛہہ خاندان چھِ استانَن یا ریسٹورنٹَن مَنٛز مہرِنہِ تہٕ مہراز سٕنٛدِ رسمی مُلاقات کرنُک انتخاب کران۔ یہِ طٔریٖقہٕ ہیٚکہِ مُختٔلِف ٲسِتھ مگر رِشتہٕ چھُ صِرِف 'وِچنی گژھن' رؠواج پتہٕ حتمی شکل دِنہٕ یِوان۔ مُمکنہٕ مہرِنہِ تہٕ مہراز دۄشوٕنی ہِنٛز رضامندی چھِ ہِوی اہم۔

*'''تھپھ ترٛاوِن''' :دۄشوٕنی نفرَن تہٕ کورِ ہٕنٛز منظوٗری پتہٕ، مہراز سُنٛد عیال چھُ مہرِنہِ واریاہ سۄنہٕ تحفہٕ دِوان عام طور ہار کِس شکلہِ مَنٛز تہٕ کٕرؠ ایڈورڈَن چھِ سِکن پؠٹھ مہر لگٲوِتھ یِمَن وادی مَنٛز مقٲمی طور 'پونٛڈ' ونان چھِ تہٕ یِتھؠ پٲٹھؠ چھِ تِم میچ سرکٲرؠ بناوان۔
پتہٕ چھِ مِٹھایہِ، ہۄکھ مؠوٕ تہٕ کنفیکشنری ہٕنٛدؠ 'مجمہٕ' (ترٛامٕچ پلیٹہٕ بٔڑِس پیمانَس پؠٹھ پھٔہلِتھ) تمام رِشتہٕ دارن خانٛدرُک اعلان کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ سوزنہٕ یِوان۔

*'''[[نِشٲنؠ]]''' :نِشٲنؠ ہیٚکہِ سادٕ ٲسِتھ یا ہیٚکہِ نِکاہ نِشٲنؠ ٲسِتھ۔

*'''ساتنام''' :ییٚلہِ عیال خانٛدرٕچ تٲریٖخ طے کران چھِ تیٚلہِ چھِ تِہنٛدؠن متعلقہٕ جاین 'ساتنام' ناوٕ سٟتؠ اَکھ گیٹ ٹوگیدر منعقد یِوان کرنہٕ۔  نزدیٖکی رِشتہٕ دارن مَنٛز خانٛدرٕکؠ تٲریٖخن ہُنٛد اعلان کرُن چھُ اَکھ تقریٖب تہٕ یہِ چھُ زنانَن [[وَن وُن]] (مُقدس موقعَن پؠٹھ گؠونہٕ یِنہٕ وٲلؠ کٲشِرؠ بٲتھ) تہٕ دعوتٕک شکلہِ مَنٛز جورَن پؠٹھ آشیرواد یا دعاے خٲر دِنہٕ سٟتؠ مناونہٕ یِوان۔

*'''تۆمُل ژھٹُن''' :رؠتہٕ برونٛہہ کۄئنٚٹل وادٕ [[تۆمُل.|تۆمُل]] چھِ زنان ژھٹان تہٕ وَن وان تہٕ گؠوان۔

*'''مل مٲنٛز''' : 'مل مٲنٛز' (یَتھ جنوٗبی ایشیا کؠن باقٕے مُلکَن مَنٛز 'میوُن' تہٕ 'ہلدی' تہِ ونان چھِ) چھُ خانٛدرُک مرکزی جشن شروٗع کران۔ اَمِچ خصوٗصیت چھِ رؠوٲیتی 'ماس تراوُن' (مہرِنہِ ہُنٛد مَس ترٛاوُن)۔ خانٛدانٕچہِ بٔڑِ زنانہٕ چھےٚ مہرِنہِ ہِنٛدِس مَس تیٖل دِوان تہٕ اَتھ مُختٔلِف لۄکٹیٚن لٹؠن (یَتھ مقٲمی طور 'وانٛکہٕ' ونٛنہٕ چھُ یِوان) سٟتہِ گنٛڑان تہٕ تِمن رنٛگیٖن رِبن سٟتہِ ؤلِتھ ۔ پتہٕ چھِ یِم زَنانہٕ مشہوٗر کٲشِرِ خانٛدرٕکؠ بٲتھ گؠوان تہٕ یِم فینسی لٔٹؠ اَکہِ پتہٕ اَکہِ پتہٕ ختم کران۔

*'''مٲنٛز راتھ''' : نِکاہَس برٛونٛہہ کِس رٲژ چھِ 'مٲنٛز راتھ' وننہٕ یِوان۔ مہرِنہِ ہُنٛد مَس چھُ واریٛاہَن لۄکٹؠن لٹؠن مَنٛز بنٛد کرنہٕ یِوان۔ ماس مٕژراوُن نٲمی أکِس رسمَس مَنٛز چھِ أمؠ سٕنٛدؠ یار تہٕ عیالٕکؠ نفر لٔٹؠ کھولٕنؠ تہٕ أمؠ سٕنٛدِس مَس کنگُن شروٗع کران۔ اَمہِ رٲژ چھےٚ مہریٚنہِ پننؠن اَتھن تہٕ کھۄرَن پؠٹھ مٲنٛز لاگان ییٚلہِ زن نزدیٖکی تہٕ عٔزیٖز مہراز سٕنٛزِ لۄکچہِ اوٚنٛگجہِ پؠٹھ تہِ [[مأنٛز|مٲنٛز]] لاگان چھِ ییٚمہِ پتہٕ یہِ 500 یا 2000 رۄپیہِ نوٹ سٟتہِ لَٹٲوِتھ چھٗ ۔ مقٲمی خانٛدرٕکؠ گؠون وٲلؠ چھِ وننہٕ یِوان تہٕ بٲتھ چھِ صُبحٲے تام پوٗرٕ رٲژ گؠونہٕ یِوان۔

*'''آب شیرُن''' :نِکاہ کِس صُبحس چھےٚ مہریٚنہِ 'غُسل' کَران یعنی سۄ چھےٚ سرٛان تہٕ پنٛنہِ زِنٛدگی ہِنٛدِس نٔوِس آغازس خٲطرٕ پَنُن پان صاف کَران۔ تٔمِس سٟتؠ چھِ عموٗمَن پنٕنؠ موج یا اَکھ بٔڑ بیٚنہِ یا اَکھ وؠس آسان۔ غسل کرنہٕ پتہٕ چھِ سۄ رؠوٲیتی کٲشِرؠ پھؠرَن لاگان یَتھ پؠٹھ تِلہٕ کٲم چھِ کرنہٕ آمٕژ (اتھہٕ سٟتؠ وۄنمٕژ کڑھائی چھِ رۄپہٕ یا سۄنہٕ سٟتؠ کرنہٕ یِوان) تہٕ زٕ رکعت نؠماز ادا کران تہٕ قرآن پاک ہٕنٛدؠ شعر پران۔

*'''نِکاہ خوأنی''' : مہراز سِنٛدؠ گرِک نکاہ کرنہٕ خأطرٕ مہرنہِ ہنٛد گرٕ یوان تہٕ نکاہ ہِچ رسم پوٗرٕ کران۔
*'''یؠنؠ وول''' :یؠنؠ وول چھُ سُہ دۄہ ییٚلہِ واریٛاہ تعدادَس مَنٛز لوٗکھ یِمَن مَنٛز رشتہٕ دار، دوست، ہمسایہ، سٲتھی تہٕ وٲنؠ کار شٲمِل ، کھؠنہٕ خٲطرٕ جمع گژھان تہٕ جورَن برکت دِوان۔ پَژھیٚن چھُ اَکھ بٔڑ دعوت دِنہٕ یِوان یَتھ 'کٲشِرِ وازوان' ونٛنہٕ چھُ یِوان یَتھ مَنٛز زیٛادٕ تر غٲر سبزی خور ضیافتن ہُنٛد اَکھ زیوٗٹھ فِہرِست چھُ آسان۔

*'''مہراز سال''' :مہراز چھِ مہرنہِ ننہٕ خاطرٕ یوان تہٕ چھِ بٔڑ دعوَت یمن دنہٕ یوان۔

*رۄخصت :مہرؠن چھِ مہراز سٟتؠ وٲرِو گژھان۔

*'''کٕدلہٕ تار''' :مہراز سالر کِس واپسی ہِنٛدِس سفرَس دوران چھِ مہراز سٕنٛز گاڑِ أمؠ سٕنٛدؠ یار کٔدٕل کراسنگَس پؠٹھ رُکٲوِتھ تہٕ تِم چھِ أمِس نِش پۄنٛسہٕ منٛگان۔ تِم چھِنہٕ أمِس توٚتام کٔدٕل پؠٹھٕ نیرنہٕ دِوان یوٚتتھ تام نہٕ سُہ تِمَن (کدل تار) ادا کرِ۔

*'''مۆہر تُلُن''' :مہراز سٕنٛدِس گھَرس واتنہٕ پتہٕ چھُ مہرِنہِ ماجہِ خٲر مقدم کَران تہٕ أمؠ سٕنٛدِس اعزازس مَنٛز چھُ اَکھ ژھاوُل ذبح کرنہٕ یِوان۔ ماجہِ چھِ مہرِنہِ (مُۆہر تُلوٗن) سُنٛد پردہ تُلان تاکہِ سۄ گٔیہِ محفِلہِ مَنٛز وُچھنہٕ۔ نزدیٖکی رِشتہٕ دار چھِ أمِس ڈالہِ دِوان۔ اجتماعس مَنٛز چھِ زنانہٕ خانٛدرٕکؠ رؠوٲیتی بٲتھ گؠوان۔

*'''وٹھل یا وٹھٕج''' : یؠنؠ وول پگہٕ ہِکِس دۄہس چھِ وٹھل ونان۔

*خبرِ گژھُن : اَتھ مَنٛز چھِ کورِ ہنٛد گرِک کورِ خبر ہیٚوان یَتھ مَنٛز وؠسہٕ خبر ، کہوٕ خبر تہٕ دۄدٕ موج خبر شأمِل ہیٚکہِ ٲسِتھ۔

*'''پھِر سال''' ؛ مہرِنہِ پننِس خانٛدار سٟتؠ أمؠ سٕنٛدِس گھَرس مَنٛز اژنہٕ پتہٕ کینٛہہ دۄہ پتہٕ چھُ مہرِنہِ ہُنٛد عیال بٲژن تہٕ مہراز سٕنٛدؠن عیالَن تہٕ نزدیٖکی لوٗکَن تِہنٛدِس گَرَس مَنٛز کھؠنہٕ خٲطرٕ دعوت دِوان۔ یہِ دعوت چھِ 'پھِر سال' ونان ۔ محمانَن مَنٛز چھِ واریٛاہ نفاست تہٕ بہتٔریٖن مہمان نوازی سٟتؠ شرکت یِوان کرنہٕ۔

*'''ستِم دۄہ یا ستِم سال''' : پھِر سال پتہٕ چھِ یہِ جوٗرؠ مہراز سٕنٛدِس گھَرس مَنٛز واپس گَژھان۔ خانٛدرٕ پتہٕ یِنہٕ وٲلؠ سَتھ دۄہ تہِ چھِ تہوار ماننہٕ یِوان تہٕ چھِ مناونہٕ یِوان۔ یہِ چھُ اَکھ مشہوٗر کٲشِرِ رؠواج زِ مہریٚنؠ چھِ یِمَن سَتن دۄہَن سَتھ مُختٔلِف رنگ لاگان تہٕ چھَنہٕ کانٛہہ باقٲعدٕ گَریلوٗ کٲم کران۔ خانٛدر کِس سٔتِمہِ دۄہ چھِ مہرِنہِ ہِنٛدِ خانٛدانٕکہِ پَژھیٚن مہراز سٕنٛدِس گھَرس مَنٛز دعوتس خٲطرٕ دعوت دِنہٕ یِوان۔ اَتھ دۄہَس چھِ 'ستِم دۄہ' ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ یِوان۔ اکہِ لٹہِ ییٚلہِ تقریٖب مۄکلِ، مہریٚنؠ چھےٚ پنٛنِس خانٛدار تہٕ ہووریٚن نِش کینٛہَن دۄہَن پننِس مٲلِس ماجہِ سٟتؠ روزنہٕ خٲطرٕ اجازت نِوان تہٕ پتہٕ پننِس نام نہاد 'ویریو' مَنٛز واپس یِوان یُس وۄنؠ أمؠ سُنٛد نوٚو گرٕ ماننہٕ چھُ یِوان۔

*'''پھِرٕ خبر''' :مہرِنہِ پننؠن ہوورؠن نِش واپس یِنہٕ پتہٕ چھِ سٲری پۄپھہِ تہٕ پِتٕرؠ بٲے أمِس نِش گژھان یہِ یقینی بناونہٕ خٲطرٕ زِ سۄ چھِ ٹھیٖک کران، اَتھ چھِ پھِرٕ خبر وننہٕ یِوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2017-05-09|title=Here Is Everything About A Kashmiri Wedding - Gyawun|url=https://www.gyawun.com/here-is-everything-you-need-to-know-about-a-kashmiri-wedding/|access-date=2024-09-19|website=www.gyawun.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===کٲشُر بٹہٕ خاندَر رؠواج===
کأشر بٹہٕ خاندَر تہٕ چھِ کأشر مُسلمانن ہنٛد پأٹھؠ لگ بگ آسان ، کینٛہہ فرق چھِ یم زن چھِ 
*خاندرٕ برونٛہہ رسمہٕ : 

*'''دؠوگون''' :اَکھ رسمی واقعہٕ ییٚتہِ مہرِنہِ تہٕ مہراز دۄشوٕنی پؠٹھ لٔدٕر لگاونہٕ چھِ یِوان، ییٚمہِ سٟتؠ خانٛدرٕچ رسم شروٗع گژھان چھِ۔

*'''لِوُن''' :صفٲیی ہٕنٛز اَکھ رسم ییٚتہِ خانٛدرٕچ تیٲری مَنٛز گَرٕ صاف کرنہٕ تہٕ صاف کرنہٕ چھُ یِوان۔ اَمہِ پتہٕ چھُ عموٗمَن اَکھ لۄکُٹ دعوت یِوان دِنہٕ۔

*'''مٲنٛز راتھ'''

*خاندرٕ دۄہِک رسم:
*'''ور پوٗزا''': مہرِنہِ ہُنٛد عیال چھُ مہراز ہُنٛد استقبال آرتی تہٕ رسمی طور پٲٹھؠ کھۄر چھلنہٕ سٟتؠ کران، یُس یزت تہٕ مہمان نوأزی ہنٛز نشاندہی چھُ کران۔

*'''لگن''': خانٛدرٕچ اَہَم تقریٖب، یَتھ مَنٛز مہراز تہٕ مہرؠن مالا بدلاوان چھِ (ورملا) تہٕ مُقدس نارس (اۆگُن) أنٛدؠ پٔکھؠ عہد چھِ کران۔ یِہنٛدِ میلنُک گواہ پٲٹھؠ نارٕچ موٗجوٗدگی چھِ خانٛدرَس مَنٛز مرکٔزی حِصہٕ۔

*'''اتھواس''': اَکھ رسم یَتھ مَنٛز جوٗرؠ اَتھہٕ رَلان چھِ، یُس زِنٛدٕگی خٲطرٕ پننہِ شراکتٕچ علامت چھُ۔ اَکھ پَنہٕ چھُ أکِس مُقدس رِشتہٕ کِس طورس پیٚٹھ تِہنٛدیٚن اَتھن أنٛدِ پَن ولان یُس مقدس بندھن ہاوان چھِ۔

*'''پھِر سال'''

*'''ستراتھ''' : یُس ستِم سال چھِ آسان&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=admin|date=2021-06-24|title=Kashmiri Weddings: Customs and Traditions|url=https://www.weddingsutra.com/planning/wedding-tradition-series-step-into-the-enchanting-world-of-kashmiri-weddings/|access-date=2024-09-19|website=WeddingSutra}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>ایم ڈی ایم اے</title>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''33,4-میتھیلینیڈیآکسیمیتھامفیٹامین''' (MDMA)، یَتھ عام طور پٲٹھؠ '''ایکسٹیسی''' (E) یا '''مولی''' ونان چھِ، چھِ اَکھ نفسیاتی دَوا یُس بنیٲدی طور تفریحی مقصدن خٲطرٕ اِستِمال گژھان چھُ۔ مطلوبہ اثراتن مَنٛز چھ تبدیل شدٕ احساسات، توانٲیی مَنٛز اضافہٕ، ہمدردی سٟتؠ سٟتؠ خوشی تہٕ شٲمل۔ ییلہ ٲس چھُ نیران تہٕ چھُ اثر 30 پؠٹھ 45 منٹن مَنٛز شۆروٗع گژھان تہٕ چھُ 3 پؠٹھ شین گھنٹن تام روزان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Current2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Meyer JS|title=3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA): current perspectives|journal=Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation|volume=4|issue=|pages=83–99|year=2013|pmid=24648791|pmc=3931692|doi=10.2147/SAR.S37258}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Drugs2014&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=MDMA|url=https://www.drugs.com/illicit/mdma.html|access-date=30 March 2016|editor-last=Anderson|editor-first=Leigh|website=Drugs.com|publisher=Drugsite Trust|date=18 May 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323161153/http://www.drugs.com/illicit/mdma.html|archive-date=23 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Freye2009&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Freye|first=Enno|title=Pharmacology and Abuse of Cocaine, Amphetamines, Ecstasy and Related Designer Drugs|url=https://archive.org/details/pharmacologyabus0000frey|date=28 July 2009|publisher=Springer Netherlands|isbn=978-90-481-2448-0|pages=[https://archive.org/details/pharmacologyabus0000frey/page/151 151]–160|chapter=Pharmacological Effects of MDMA in Man|doi=10.1007/978-90-481-2448-0_24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=DrugFacts: MDMA (Ecstasy/Molly)|url=https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/mdma-ecstasymolly|website=National Institute on Drug Abuse|access-date=30 March 2016|date=February 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323164024/https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/mdma-ecstasymolly|archive-date=23 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

منفی اثراتن مَنٛز چھ نشٲنی، یادداشت مسایل پاگل پن، سونٛچنس مَنٛز دشواری، دانت [[عأرَق|پسینہٕ]] دھندلی بصارت، پسینہٕ تہٕ دلٕچ دھڑکن تیزی سان شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Drugs2014&quot; /&gt; جسمہٕ کس درجہ حرارتس مَنٛز اضافہٕ تہٕ پانیچ کمی سٟتؠ چھ موتچ اطلاع۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Drugs2014&quot; /&gt; اِستِمال کرنہٕ پتہٕ چھ لکھ اکثر افسردہ تہٕ تھکن۔ محسوس کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Drugs2014&quot; /&gt; ایم ڈی ایم اے چھ بنیٲدی طور پٲنٹھ دماغک کیٛن حصن مَنٛز نیورو ٹرانسمیٹر سیرٹونن ڈوپاماین تہٕ نوراڈرینالین سرگرمی مَنٛز اضافہٕ کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Drugs2014&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھُ دَوا کس متبادل ایمفیٹامین طبقہٕ سٟتؠ تعلق تھاوان تہٕ اَتھ چھ محرک تہٕ ہالوکینوجینک اثرات آسان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Freye|first=Enno|title=Pharmacology and Abuse of Cocaine, Amphetamines, Ecstasy and Related Designer Drugs: A comprehensive review on their mode of action, treatment of abuse and intoxication|date=2009|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-90-481-2448-0|page=147|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OTAlolM3XlwC&amp;pg=PA147|language=en|access-date=30 July 2020|archive-date=5 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805215541/https://books.google.com/books?id=OTAlolM3XlwC&amp;pg=PA147|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

زیٛادٕ تر ممالکن مَنٛز چھ MDMA غٲر قانونی تہٕ 2018 تام، چھنہٕ امیک کہہ منظور شدہ طبی اِستِمال&lt;ref name=&quot;Drugs2014&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Patel|first=Vikram|title=Mental and neurological public health a global perspective|date=2010|publisher=Academic Press/Elsevier|location=San Diego, CA|isbn=978-0-12-381527-9|page=57|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8fihf3VWbcIC&amp;pg=PA57|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910234523/https://books.google.com/books?id=8fihf3VWbcIC&amp;pg=PA57|archive-date=10 September 2017|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Philipps|first=Dave|title=Ecstasy as a Remedy for PTSD? You Probably Have Some Questions.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/01/us/ecstasy-molly-ptsd-mdma.html|accessdate=14 July 2018|journal=The New York Times|date=1 May 2018|language=en|archivedate=15 July 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715011157/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/01/us/ecstasy-molly-ptsd-mdma.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; تحقیقہٕ خٲطرٕ چھ بعض اوقات محدود مستثنیات یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt; محققین چھ اَتھ کتھؠ ہنٛز چھان بین کران کہ آیا ایم ڈی ایم اے ہیکہٕ شدید، یَلاجس خَلاف مزاحم پوسٹ ٹرامیٹک اسٹریس ڈس آرڈرک (پی ٹی ایس ڈی) یَلاجس مَنٛز مَدَتھ کٔرِتھ فیز 3 کلینیکل ٹرایلز سٟتؠ تاکہ تاثیر تہٕ حفاظت ییہٕ ۄچھتھ یمچ توقع 2018 مَنٛز گژھن۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Feduccia AA, Holland J, Mithoefer MC|title=Progress and promise for the MDMA drug development program|journal=Psychopharmacology|volume=235|issue=2|pages=561–571|date=February 2018|pmid=29152674|doi=10.1007/s00213-017-4779-2}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2017 مَنٛز، ایف ڈی اے۔ ہن دیت ایم ڈی ایم اے یس پی ٹی ایس ڈی خٲطرٕ اَکھ کامیاب تھراپی عہدہ، یمک مطلب چھ ز اگر مطالعہٕ چھ وعدٕ کران، ممکنہٕ طبی استعمالک جایزٕ ہیٚکہٕ زیٛادٕ تیزی سان گژھت۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Wan|first=William|title=Ecstasy could be 'breakthrough' therapy for soldiers, others suffering from PTSD|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/ecstasy-could-be-breakthrough-therapy-for-soldiers-others-suffering-from-ptsd/2017/08/26/009314ca-842f-11e7-b359-15a3617c767b_story.html|accessdate=29 August 2017|journal=Washington Post|date=26 August 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829081013/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/ecstasy-could-be-breakthrough-therapy-for-soldiers-others-suffering-from-ptsd/2017/08/26/009314ca-842f-11e7-b359-15a3617c767b_story.html?utm_term=.e5b3c1c4854a|archivedate=29 August 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ایم ڈی ایم اے اوس گۄڈنُیٛک لٹہٕ 1912 مَنٛز مرکی۔ ذریعہٕ تیار آمت کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Merck&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Freudenmann RW, Öxler F, Bernschneider-Reif S|title=The origin of MDMA (ecstasy) revisited: the true story reconstructed from the original documents|url=http://www.thedea.org/docs/2006_Freudenmann_22846_1.pdf|journal=Addiction|volume=101|issue=9|pages=1241–1245|date=August 2006|pmid=16911722|doi=10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01511.x|quote=Although MDMA was, in fact, first synthesized at Merck in 1912, it was not tested pharmacologically because it was only an unimportant precursor in a new synthesis for haemostatic substances.|access-date=30 July 2020|archive-date=22 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922140222/http://www.thedea.org/docs/2006_Freudenmann_22846_1.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ اوس 1970 کس دہایی مَنٛز شۆروٗع گژھن وٲل سایکو تھراپی بڑھاونہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال کرنہٕ آمت تہٕ 1980 کس دہایی مَنٛز گو سٹریٹ ڈرگک پٲنٹھ مَقبوٗل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Drugs2014&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt; ایم ڈی ایم اے چھ عام طور پٲٹھؠ ڈانس پارٹی راون۔ تہٕ الیکٹرانک ڈانس میوزک سٟتؠ وابستہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2004&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=World Health Organization|title=Neuroscience of Psychoactive Substance Use and Dependence|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G9OhG-dZdAwC&amp;pg=PA97|year=2004|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=978-92-4-156235-5|pages=97–|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160428231233/https://books.google.com/books?id=G9OhG-dZdAwC&amp;pg=PA97|archive-date=28 April 2016|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہٕ ہیکہ دیگر اشیاہس سٟتؠ ملاوٹ یَتھ کٕن زن ایفیڈرین ایمفیٹامین، تہٕ میتھامفیٹامین&lt;ref name=&quot;Drugs2014&quot; /&gt; 2016 مَنٛز، 15 تہٕ 64 ورین درمیان چھ تَقریٖبَن 21 ملین افراد (دُنؠ‌یاہک 0.3% آبٲدی) ایکسٹیسی اِستِمال کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;UN2018&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=World Drug Report 2018|date=June 2018|publisher=United Nations|isbn=978-92-1-148304-8|page=7|access-date=14 July 2018|url=https://www.unodc.org/wdr2018/prelaunch/WDR18_Booklet_1_EXSUM.pdf|archive-date=27 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727030037/http://www.unodc.org/wdr2018/prelaunch/WDR18_Booklet_1_EXSUM.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہٕ اوس وسیع پیمانس پؠٹھ لوٗکن ہند فیصد سٟتؠ ملان جلان یوس کوکین یا امفیٹاماینز چھ اِستِمال کران، مگر کیناباس یا اوپییوڈز کہ مقابلس مَنٛز چھ کم۔&lt;ref name=&quot;UN2018&quot; /&gt; ریاستہاے متحدس مَنٛز، 2017 ہس تام، تَقریٖبَن 7% لوٗکو چھِ پننہٕ زندگی ہنٛد کنہٕ وقتہٕ MDMA اِستِمال کوٚرمت تہٕ 0.9% لوکو کوٛرمت یہٕ اِستِمال۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=MDMA (Ecstasy/Molly)|url=https://www.drugabuse.gov/drugs-abuse/mdma-ecstasymolly|website=National Institute on Drug Abuse|access-date=14 July 2018|archive-date=15 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715011009/https://www.drugabuse.gov/drugs-abuse/mdma-ecstasymolly|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''نمونیا''' ({{Lang-en|pneumonia}}) چھِ شِشنٲرِ ہٕنٛز اَکھ ورمہٕ واجیٚنؠ حالت یُس بنیٲدی طور لۄکٹؠن ہوا ہٕنٛدیٚن تھیلن مُتٲثِر کران چھِ یَتھ الویولی ونان چھِ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;RespText09&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|editor-last=McLuckie|editor-first=A.|title=Respiratory disease and its management|url=https://archive.org/details/respiratorydisea0000mclu|year=2009|publisher=Springer|location=New York|isbn=978-1-84882-094-4|page=[https://archive.org/details/respiratorydisea0000mclu/page/51 51]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AcuteCare09&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Leach, Richard E.|title=Acute and Critical Care Medicine at a Glance|edition=2nd|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|year=2009|isbn=978-1-4051-6139-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7u_wu5VCsVQC&amp;pg=PT168|df=dmy-all|access-date=27 July 2020|archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420180054/https://books.google.com/books?id=7u_wu5VCsVQC&amp;pg=PT168|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; علامتن مَنٛز چھ عام طور پٲٹھؠ پٲداوار یا خۄشک ژاس، چھاتہِ مَنٛز دگ، [[تَپھ]] تہٕ ژاس مَنٛز دشوٲری ہنٛد کینٛہہ امتزاج شٲمِل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ash2007&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ashby|first=Bonnie|last2=Turkington|first2=Carol|title=The encyclopedia of infectious diseases|edition=3rd|publisher=Facts on File|location=New York|year=2007|page=242|isbn=978-0-8160-6397-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4Xlyaipv3dIC&amp;pg=PA242|access-date=2011-04-21|df=dmy-all|archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420180124/https://books.google.com/books?id=4Xlyaipv3dIC&amp;pg=PA242|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; حالتٕچ شدت چھےٚ متغیر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ash2007&quot; /&gt;

نمونیا چھ عام طور پٲٹھؠ وائرس۔ یا بیکٹیریا کہ اِنفیکشن سٟتؠ گژھان تہٕ کم عام طور پٲٹھؠ چھ باقی مائیکرو آرگنزم، بعض ادویات یا حالات یَتھ کٔنؠ ز آٹوایمون بیمارن سٟتؠ گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;RespText09&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Jeff2010&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Jeffrey C. Pommerville|title=Alcamo's Fundamentals of Microbiology|edition=9th|publisher=Jones &amp; Bartlett|location=Sudbury, MA|year=2010|page=323|quote=|isbn=978-0-7637-6258-2|oclc=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJNQwQB8IxIC&amp;pg=PA323|access-date=|archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420180101/https://books.google.com/books?id=RJNQwQB8IxIC&amp;pg=PA323|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; خطرٕ کہ عواملن مَنٛز چھ سسٹک فائبراسس، دائمی رکاوٹ پلمونری بیماری (COPD) سکل سیل بیماری دمہ، [[ذیابیٖطٔس|ذیابطیس]] دلٕچ ناکامی، تمباکو نوشیچ تاریخ، کھانسی ہنٛز ناقص صلاحیت (یَتھ کٔنؠ ز فالج پتہٕ تہٕ کمزور مدافعتی نظام) شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2011Risk&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Who Is at Risk for Pneumonia?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pnu/atrisk|website=NHLBI|access-date=3 March 2016|date=March 1, 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307133826/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pnu/atrisk|archive-date=7 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;CDC2020SCD&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Complications and Treatments of Sickle Cell Disease {{!}} CDC|url=https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/sicklecell/treatments.html|website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|access-date=6 May 2020|language=en-us|date=12 June 2019|archive-date=23 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523205044/https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/sicklecell/treatments.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; تشخیص چھ اکثر علاماتن تہٕ جسمٲنی معائنے پیٚٹھ مبنی آسان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2011Diag&quot; /&gt; چیٚسٹ ایٚکس رے، خونک ٹیسٹ، تہٕ تھوکٕچ کلچر ہیٚکہ تشخیصٕچ تصدیٖق کرنس مَنٛز مَدَتھ کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2011Diag&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=How Is Pneumonia Diagnosed?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pnu/diagnosis|website=NHLBI|access-date=3 March 2016|date=March 1, 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307133513/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pnu/diagnosis|archive-date=7 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; بیمار ہِنٛز درجہٕ بندی ہیکہ تیم ویز کٔرِتھ یتہ یہِ حٲصل ٲس کٔرمٕژ، یَتھ کٕن زن کمیونٹی یا ہسپتال حٲصل یا صحت سٟتؠ وابستہٕ نمونیا۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Types of Pneumonia|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pnu/types|website=NHLBI|access-date=2 March 2016|date=March 1, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205213840/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pnu/types|archive-date=5 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

نمونیا کہ مخصوص قسمن نش بچنہٕ خٲطرٕہ چھ ویکسین دستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2011Pre&quot; /&gt; بچاوٕ کہ باقی طریقن مَنٛز چھ اتھہ دھوٕنہ۔ تہٕ تمباکو نوشی نہٕ کرن شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2011Pre&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=How Can Pneumonia Be Prevented?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pnu/prevention|website=NHLBI|access-date=3 March 2016|date=March 1, 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307133901/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pnu/prevention|archive-date=7 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; علاجک انحصار چھ بنیٲدی وجہ پؠٹھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2011&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=What Is Pneumonia?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pnu|website=NHLBI|access-date=2 March 2016|date=March 1, 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160229143108/https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pnu/|archive-date=29 February 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; خیال چھ یوان کرنہٕ ز نمونیا چھ بیکٹیریا کہ وجہ سٟتؠ گژھان امیک ییٚلاج چھ [[اینٹی بَیاٹِکس|اینٹی بائیوٹیکٹس]] سٟتؠ یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2011Tx&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=How Is Pneumonia Treated?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pnu/treatment|website=NHLBI|access-date=3 March 2016|date=March 1, 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306030735/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/pnu/treatment|archive-date=6 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; اگر نمونیا شدید چھ، متاثرہ شخص چھ عام طور ہسپتالس مَنٛز دٲخل یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2011&quot; /&gt; [[آکسیجَن|آکسیجن]] تھراپی ہیکو اِستِمال کٔرِتھ اگر آکسیجنٕچ سطح آسہ کم۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2011Tx&quot; /&gt;

پرٛؠتھ ؤریہ چھ نمونیا عالمی سطحس پیٚٹھ تَقریٖبَن 450 ملین افراد مُتٲثِر کران (آبٲدی ہنٛد 7%) تہٕ اَمہِ کس نٔتیٖجس مَنٛز تَقریٖبَن 4 ملین افراد ہلاک گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Lancet11&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Ruuskanen O, Lahti E, Jennings LC, Murdoch DR|title=Viral pneumonia|journal=Lancet|volume=377|issue=9773|pages=1264–75|date=April 2011|pmid=21435708|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61459-6|pmc=7138033}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;CochraneTx13&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Lodha R, Kabra SK, Pandey RM|title=Antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia in children|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|volume=6|issue=6|page=CD004874|date=June 2013|pmid=23733365|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004874.pub4|pmc=7017636}}&lt;/ref&gt; &amp;nbsp;20 مہ صدی مَنٛز اینٹی بائیوٹکس تہٕ ویکسینک تعارف سٟتؠ، بقا چھ واریہ بہتر گومت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Lancet11&quot; /&gt; بہر حال، ترقی پذیر ممالکن مَنٛز، تہٕ واریاہ بوڑن مَنٛز، واریاہ جوان تہٕ طویل مدتی بیمار، نمونیا چھ موتچ اَکھ اہم وجہ بنیمت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Lancet11&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=George|first=Ronald B.|title=Chest medicine : essentials of pulmonary and critical care medicine|year=2005|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-5273-2|page=353|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzlX2zJMbdgC&amp;pg=PA353|edition=5th|access-date=27 July 2020|archive-date=2 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502042842/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzlX2zJMbdgC&amp;pg=PA353|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; نمونیا چھ اکثر تمن لوکن مَنٛز تکلیفک دور مختصر کران یم گۄڈٕ پؠٹھ چھ موت کس قریب آسان تہٕ اَتھ پٲٹھؠ چھ اَتھ &quot;بوڑٕ سنٛد دوست&quot; وننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;EBMED05&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Eddy|first=Orin|title=Community-Acquired Pneumonia: From Common Pathogens To Emerging Resistance|journal=Emergency Medicine Practice|date=Dec 2005|volume=7|issue=12|url=https://www.ebmedicine.net/topics.php?paction=showTopic&amp;topic_id=118|access-date=27 July 2020|archive-date=17 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917205243/http://www.ebmedicine.net/topics.php?paction=showTopic&amp;topic_id=118|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:En.Wikipedia-VideoWiki-Pneumonia.webm|thumb|ویڈیو خلاصہٕ ]]

== حَوالہٕ ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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    <title>ٹراماڈول</title>
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      <comment>Add 2 books for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''ٹراماڈول''' یس  '''الٹرام''' برانڈ ناوس تحت کٕنٛنہٕ چھُ یوان، چھُ اَکھ اوپییوڈ دگہٕ ہُنٛد دَوا یُس ہلکہ پیٚٹھٕ معتدل شدید واجنہٕ دگہ یَلاج کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال چھُ گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;generics&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Tramadol|url=https://www.drugs.com/international/tramadol.html|website=Drugs.com|access-date=22 December 2018|language=en|archive-date=23 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723182517/https://www.drugs.com/international/tramadol.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Tramadol Hydrochloride|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/tramadol-hydrochloride.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=Dec 1, 2014|archive-date=12 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112015421/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/tramadol-hydrochloride.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ عام طور پٲٹھؠ دگٕچ باقی دواہن ہنٛدس مقابلس مَنٛز کم ترجیٖح دنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;TI2021&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=[131] Tramadol: Where do we go from here?|url=https://www.ti.ubc.ca/2021/07/14/131-tramadol/|access-date=14 September 2021|archive-date=16 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716014831/https://www.ti.ubc.ca/2021/07/14/131-tramadol/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ییلہ فوری طور جٲری کرنہٕ ینہٕ واجنیٚن فارمولیشنن مَنٛز واتہٕ ذٔریع ننہٕ چھ یوان، تیٚلہ چھ دگٕ سٟتؠ راحتٕچ شروعات عام طور أکس گٲنٛٹہٕ اندر شۆروٗع گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھ انجیکشن کہ ذریع تہٕ دستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF74&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=British national formulary : BNF 74|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf74september200000join|date=2017|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=978-0857112989|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bnf74september200000join/page/447 447]–448|edition=74}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہٕ چھ [[پیراسیٹامول]] (acetaminophen) سٟتؠ ملتھ کننہٕ یوان یا زیٹھ کٲم کرن وألن فارمولیشنن ہنٛد پأٹھؠ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF74&quot; /&gt;

یَتھ کٔنؠ ز اوپییوڈٕچ خصوصیت چھ، عام ضمنی اثرات مَنٛز چھ قبض، کھجلی تہٕ متلی شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Tramadol Hydrochloride|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/tramadol-hydrochloride.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=Dec 1, 2014|archive-date=12 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112015421/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/tramadol-hydrochloride.html|url-status=live}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://www.drugs.com/monograph/tramadol-hydrochloride.html &quot;Tramadol Hydrochloride&quot;]. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112015421/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/tramadol-hydrochloride.html Archived] from the original on 12 November 2020&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;Dec 1,&lt;/span&gt; 2014&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[فرما:ویب حَوالہٕ|cite web]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;More than one of &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archivedate=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archive-date=&lt;/code&gt; specified ([[مدد: CS1 غلطیاں|help]])&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;More than one of &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archiveurl=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archive-url=&lt;/code&gt; specified ([[مدد: CS1 غلطیاں|help]])&lt;/span&gt;
[[Category:CS1 errors: redundant parameter|ο]]
[[Category:CS1 errors: redundant parameter|ο]]&lt;/ref&gt; سنگین مضر اثراتس مَنٛز ہیکن دورٕ، سیرٹونن سنڈروم خطرٕ بڑن، چوکسی مَنٛز کمی، تہٕ نشہ نشہ نشہ نشہ گژھن واجنہ چیز شٲمل ٲستھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt; یمن گردٕ۔ یا جگرک مسلہٕ چھ تمن مَنٛز چھ خوراک تبدیل کرنٕچ تجویز یوان دنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھنہٕ تمن لوکن مَنٛز تجویز یوان کرنہٕ یمن مَنٛز خودکشی ہنٛد خطرٕ چھ آسان یا تمن مَنٛز یم حاملہ چھ آسان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF74&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=British national formulary : BNF 74|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf74september200000join|date=2017|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=978-0857112989|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bnf74september200000join/page/447 447]–448|edition=74}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;''British national formulary : BNF 74'' (74&amp;nbsp;ed.). British Medical Association۔ 2017۔ pp.&amp;nbsp;447–448. [[بَین الاقوٲمی معیار کِتاب نَمبَر|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[خصوصی: کتابی ذرائع/978-0857112989|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0857112989&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; اگرچہ دودھ پلاو۔ وٲل زنانن مَنٛز چھنہٕ یہِ تجویز یوان کرنہٕ، مگر یم وٲحد ڈوز چھ نوان تمن پزٕ نہٕ عام طور پٲنٹھ دودھ پلاون بند کرن۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Tramadol Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings|url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/tramadol.html|website=Drugs.com|access-date=5 September 2016|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413050449/https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/tramadol.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ٹرامادول چھ جگرس مَنٛز O-desmethyltramadol (desmetramadol) مَنٛز تبدیل یوان کرنہٕ یس اَکھ اوپییوڈ چھ یس μ-opioid رسیپٹرس سٟتؠ مضبوط طور پٲنٹھ جڑتھ چھ آسان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Raf2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Raffa RB, Buschmann H, Christoph T, Eichenbaum G, Englberger W, Flores CM, Hertrampf T, Kögel B, Schiene K, Straßburger W, Terlinden R, Tzschentke TM|title=Mechanistic and functional differentiation of tapentadol and tramadol|journal=Expert Opin Pharmacother|volume=13|issue=10|pages=1437–49|year=2012|pmid=22698264|doi=10.1517/14656566.2012.696097|url=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ٹرامادول چھ اَکھ سیرٹونن-نورپینفناین ریپٹیک انفیکٹر (SNRI) تہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PHR2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Leppert W|title=Tramadol as an analgesic for mild to moderate cancer pain.|journal=Pharmacological Reports|date=November–December 2009|volume=61|issue=6|pages=978–92|pmid=20081232|url=http://www.if-pan.krakow.pl/pjp/pdf/2009/6_978.pdf|doi=10.1016/s1734-1140(09)70159-8|access-date=6 August 2020|archive-date=17 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161017220350/http://www.if-pan.krakow.pl/pjp/pdf/2009/6_978.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ٹرامادول اوس 1963 مَنٛز پیٹنٹ کرنہٕ آمت تہٕ مغربی جرمن دَوا ساز کمپنی گرونینتھال جی ایم بی ایچ کہ ذریع 1977 مَنٛز &quot;ٹرامل&quot; ناوٕ سٟتؠ اوس شۆروٗع آمت کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;PHR2009&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Fis2006&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Fischer|first=Jnos|last2=Ganellin|first2=C. Robin|title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery|date=2006|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|isbn=9783527607495|page=528|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&amp;pg=PA528|language=en|access-date=6 August 2020|archive-date=14 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014082428/https://books.google.ca/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&amp;pg=PA528|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 1990 کس دہایی کِس وسطس مَنٛز، یہٕ آو برطانیہس تہٕ امریکہس مَنٛز منظور کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;PHR2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Leppert W|title=Tramadol as an analgesic for mild to moderate cancer pain.|journal=Pharmacological Reports|date=November–December 2009|volume=61|issue=6|pages=978–92|pmid=20081232|url=http://www.if-pan.krakow.pl/pjp/pdf/2009/6_978.pdf|doi=10.1016/s1734-1140(09)70159-8|access-date=6 August 2020|archive-date=17 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161017220350/http://www.if-pan.krakow.pl/pjp/pdf/2009/6_978.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFLeppert2009&quot;&gt;Leppert W (November–December 2009). [http://www.if-pan.krakow.pl/pjp/pdf/2009/6_978.pdf &quot;Tramadol as an analgesic for mild to moderate cancer pain&quot;] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. ''Pharmacological Reports''. '''61''' (6): 978–92. [[ڈون (شناخت)|doi]]:[https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fs1734-1140%2809%2970159-8 10.1016/s1734-1140(09)70159-8]. [[پی ایم آئی ڈی (شناخت)|PMID]]&amp;nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20081232 20081232]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20161017220350/http://www.if-pan.krakow.pl/pjp/pdf/2009/6_978.pdf Archived] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt; from the original on 17 October 2016&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;6 August&lt;/span&gt; 2020&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[فرما:Cite journal|cite journal]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;More than one of &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;accessdate=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;access-date=&lt;/code&gt; specified ([[مدد: CS1 غلطیاں|help]])&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;More than one of &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archivedate=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archive-date=&lt;/code&gt; specified ([[مدد: CS1 غلطیاں|help]])&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;More than one of &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archiveurl=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archive-url=&lt;/code&gt; specified ([[مدد: CS1 غلطیاں|help]])&lt;/span&gt;
[[Category:CS1 errors: redundant parameter|ο]]
[[Category:CS1 errors: redundant parameter|ο]]
[[Category:CS1 errors: redundant parameter|ο]]&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھُ عام دَوا کِس طورس پیٚٹھ دستیاب تہٕ چھ پوٗرٕ دُنؠ‌یاہس مَنٛز واریاہن برانڈن ہٕنٛدس ناوس تحت مارکیٹنگ کرنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Tramadol Hydrochloride|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/tramadol-hydrochloride.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=Dec 1, 2014|archive-date=12 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112015421/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/tramadol-hydrochloride.html|url-status=live}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://www.drugs.com/monograph/tramadol-hydrochloride.html &quot;Tramadol Hydrochloride&quot;]. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112015421/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/tramadol-hydrochloride.html Archived] from the original on 12 November 2020&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;Dec 1,&lt;/span&gt; 2014&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[فرما:ویب حَوالہٕ|cite web]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;More than one of &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archivedate=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archive-date=&lt;/code&gt; specified ([[مدد: CS1 غلطیاں|help]])&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;More than one of &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archiveurl=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archive-url=&lt;/code&gt; specified ([[مدد: CS1 غلطیاں|help]])&lt;/span&gt;
[[Category:CS1 errors: redundant parameter|ο]]
[[Category:CS1 errors: redundant parameter|ο]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;generics&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Tramadol|url=https://www.drugs.com/international/tramadol.html|website=Drugs.com|access-date=22 December 2018|language=en|archive-date=23 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723182517/https://www.drugs.com/international/tramadol.html|url-status=live}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://www.drugs.com/international/tramadol.html &quot;Tramadol&quot;]. ''Drugs.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180723182517/https://www.drugs.com/international/tramadol.html Archived] from the original on 23 July 2018&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;22 December&lt;/span&gt; 2018&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[فرما:ویب حَوالہٕ|cite web]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;More than one of &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archivedate=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archive-date=&lt;/code&gt; specified ([[مدد: CS1 غلطیاں|help]])&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;More than one of &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archiveurl=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archive-url=&lt;/code&gt; specified ([[مدد: CS1 غلطیاں|help]])&lt;/span&gt;
[[Category:CS1 errors: redundant parameter|ο]]
[[Category:CS1 errors: redundant parameter|ο]]&lt;/ref&gt; ریاستہاے متحدہس مَنٛز چھ 2018 ہس تام تھوک قٟمَتھ 0.05 امریکی ڈالر فی ڈوز کھۄتہٕ کم۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ref&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=NADAC as of 2018-12-19|url=https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2018-12-19/g7bs-ahj4|website=Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services|access-date=22 December 2018|archive-date=19 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219230344/https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2018-12-19/g7bs-ahj4|url-status=deviated}}&lt;/ref&gt; کینیڈاہس مَنٛز چھ 2021 ہس تام فی ڈوز تَقریٖبَن 1.20 سی اے ڈی لاگت یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;TI2021&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=[131] Tramadol: Where do we go from here?|url=https://www.ti.ubc.ca/2021/07/14/131-tramadol/|access-date=14 September 2021|archive-date=16 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716014831/https://www.ti.ubc.ca/2021/07/14/131-tramadol/|url-status=live}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://www.ti.ubc.ca/2021/07/14/131-tramadol/ &quot;&amp;#x5B;131&amp;#x5D; Tramadol: Where do we go from here?&quot;]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210716014831/https://www.ti.ubc.ca/2021/07/14/131-tramadol/ Archived] from the original on 16 July 2021&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;14 September&lt;/span&gt; 2021&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[فرما:ویب حَوالہٕ|cite web]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;More than one of &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archivedate=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archive-date=&lt;/code&gt; specified ([[مدد: CS1 غلطیاں|help]])&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;More than one of &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archiveurl=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#x7C;archive-url=&lt;/code&gt; specified ([[مدد: CS1 غلطیاں|help]])&lt;/span&gt;
[[Category:CS1 errors: redundant parameter|ο]]
[[Category:CS1 errors: redundant parameter|ο]]
[[زٲژ:دوا]]
&lt;/ref&gt; 2017 مَنٛز، اوس یہِ ریاستہاے متحدس مَنٛز 32 ہم سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ عام طور پٲنٹھ تجویز کرنہٕ آمت دَوا، یَتھ مَنٛز 21 ملین کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ نسخہٕ چھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=The Top 300 of 2020|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|website=ClinCalc|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=18 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318234059/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ref2&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Tramadol Hydrochloride - Drug Usage Statistics|website=ClinCalc|date=23 December 2019|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/TramadolHydrochloride|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=11 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411201148/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/TramadolHydrochloride|url-status=deviated}}&lt;/ref&gt;


== حَوالہٕ ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''شرٛٔۄپُن''' یا '''ہضم''' گژھُن چھ بٔڑس غٲر حل پزیر کھؠن کمپاؤنڈن آبس مَنٛز حل پزیر لۄکٹن اجزاہن مَنٛز پھٹٗن تاکہ تِم ہیٚکن خونک پلازما ہس مَنٛز جذب گژھِتھ۔ بعض جاندارن مَنٛز چھ یم لۄکٹہ چیٖز [[لۄکٕٹؠ أندرَم]] کہ ذٔریعہٕ خوٗن کس بہاوس مَنٛز جذب گژھان۔

== اِنسٲنؠ شرٛٔۄپن نِظام  ==

انسٲنی گیسٹرو انٹیسٹینل ٹریکٹ چھِ لگ بگ 9 میٖٹَر (30 فٹ) زیوٹھ آسان۔ فوڈ ڈائجسٹین فزیولوجی چھِ افراد تہٕ دیگر عواملن درمیان مُختلف آسان یِتھ کٔنؠ زِ کھؠنٕچ خصوٗصیات تہٕ کھؠنُک سائز، تہٕ ڈائجسٹنس عملس چھِ عام طور پٲٹھؠ 24 پؠٹھ 72 گھنٹن درمیان گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;KongSingh2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Kong F, Singh RP|date=June 2008|title=Disintegration of solid foods in human stomach|journal=J. Food Sci.|volume=73|issue=5|pages=R67–80|doi=10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00766.x|pmid=18577009|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ہضم چھ ٲس مَنٛز لال تہٕ امکہ پاشیٲتی انزائمن ہنٛد سرٕ سٟتؠ شروٗع گژھان۔ کھیٚنہٕ چھ میکانکی ماشٹیکیشن سٟتؠ أکس بولس مَنٛز بنان تہٕ چھِ غذائیہٕ نؠس مَنٛز ننہٕ یوان ییٚتہ پیٚٹھٕ یہِ پریسٹالس کہ عملہٕ ذٔریع معدس مَنٛز دٲخل گژھان چھ۔ گیسٹرک جوس مَنٛز چھ ہائیڈروکلوریک ایسڈ تہٕ پیپسین آسان یس یٔڑکین دیوارن نۄقصان چھ پہنچاوان تہٕ بچاوٕ خٲطرٕ چھ میوٗکس تہٕ بائیکاربونیٹس یوان ننہٕ۔  {{Clarify|reason=Poor grammar makes word salad|date=December 2022}}معدس مَنٛز چھ مزیٖد انزائمن ہنٛد اخراج کھیٚنس مزیٖد پھٹاوان تہٕ یہِ چھ معدکہ چرنِنٛگ عملہ سٟتؠ ملتھ آسان۔ بنیٲدی طور پٲٹھؠ چھ پروٹین معدس مَنٛز ہضم گژھان۔ جزوی طور پٲنٹھ چھ ہضم گژھن وول کھیٚنہٕ ڈوڈینمس مَنٛز اکہ موٛٹہ نیم مائع چائمک پٲنٹھ دٲخل گژھان۔ لۄکٹس أندرمن مَنٛز چھ ہضم بوٚڑ حِصہٕ گژھان تہٕ اَتھ چھِ پت، پینکریٹِک رس pancreatic juice تہٕ أندرم رس intestinal juice سرٛاو سٟتؠ مَدَتھ مِلان۔ أندرمن ہنٛد دؠوارٕ چھِ وِلی سٟتؠ لٲنہ یوان کرنہٕ، تہٕ تہند اپیتھیلیل سیلہٕ چھ متعدد مائیکرو وللی۔ سٟتؠ کور کرنہٕ یوان تاکہ آنتن ہند سطح کس علاقس مَنٛز اضافہٕ کٔرِتھ غذائی اجزاء کہ جذبس بہتر بناون۔ بائل چھ چربی ہٕنٛز ایملسفیکیشن مَنٛز مَدَتھ کران تہٕ لیپیز تہٕ چالو کران۔

بڑِس أندرمن مَنٛز چھ کھیٚن ہنٛد گژھنک عمل سُست آسان تاکہ أندرمن کیٚن فلوراہن ہنٛد ذٔریع خمیر fermentation by the gut floraگژھتھ۔ بچیٛو مُت آب جذب گژھان تہٕ فضلہ مواد چھ بۆڑ پیشاب ہٕنٛدس طورس پیٚٹھ جمع کرنہٕ یوان یَتھ بۆڑ پیشاب جاے کس کمالس تہٕ بۆڑ پیشاب جاے کہ ذٔریع ڈیٚفیکیشَن defecation سٟتؠ ہٹاونہٕ چھ یوان۔
== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:شرٛٔپرَن تَگ]]</text>
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    <title>کیلامین</title>
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'''کیلامین''' یَتھ '''کیلامین لوشن''' تہ ونان چھِ، چھُ اَکھ دَوا یُس ہلکہٕ خۄشکی تہٕ خٲرِش ہنٛد عیٚلاج کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال چھُ یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF69&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=British national formulary : BNF 69|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf69britishnati0000unse|date=2015|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=9780857111562|page=[https://archive.org/details/bnf69britishnati0000unse/page/801 801]|edition=69}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2008&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=WHO Model Formulary 2008|url=https://archive.org/details/whomodelformular00unse|year=2009|isbn=9789241547659|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|veditors=Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR|hdl=10665/44053|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization|page=[https://archive.org/details/whomodelformular00unse/page/303 303]}}&lt;/ref&gt; اَتھ مَنٛز چھ تاپہ دزُن کیٚمؠ ٹھوپھ، زہر آئیوی، زہر اوک یا باقی ہلکہٕ جلدک حالات شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;UK2016a&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Aqueous Calamine Cream BP - Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) - (eMC)|url=https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/25283|website=www.medicines.org.uk|access-date=29 December 2016|date=18 November 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230000012/https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/25283|archive-date=30 December 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ric2015&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Hamilton|first=Richart|title=Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition|date=2015|publisher=Jones &amp; Bartlett Learning|isbn=9781284057560|page=191}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ ہیٚکہ ژمہ ہنز کششُن مَنٛز تہ مَدَتھ کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;MTM2016&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Calamine (topical) medical facts from Drugs.com|url=https://www.drugs.com/mtm/calamine-topical.html|website=www.drugs.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107030453/https://www.drugs.com/mtm/calamine-topical.html|archive-date=2017-11-07}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ ژمہ پیٚٹھ بطور کریمہ یا لوشن۔

لگاونہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF69&quot; /&gt;

ضمنی اثراتس مَنٛز ہیٚکہ جلدٕچ جلن شٲمل ٲستھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;UK2016a&quot; /&gt; حمل۔ مَنٛز چھُ یہِ مۄحفوٗظ ماننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;UK2016a&quot; /&gt; کیلامین چھُ زنک آکسایِڈ تہٕ 0.5% فیرک آکسائڈ (Fe&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) یُک میٖل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Br2012&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Braun-Falco|first=Otto|last2=Plewig|first2=Gerd|last3=Wolff|first3=Helmut Heinrich|last4=Burgdorf|first4=Walter|title=Dermatology|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=9783642979316|page=1724|edition=2|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=kK_rCAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA1724|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161229170841/https://books.google.ca/books?id=kK_rCAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA1724|archive-date=2016-12-29}}&lt;/ref&gt; لوشن چھ اضافی اجزاء یَتھ کٔنؠ فینول تہٕ کیلشیم ہائیڈروکسائڈ سٟتؠ تیار گژھان


کالامین لوشن اوس 1500 قبل مسیح تام اِستِمال آمت کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Bendich|first=Adrianne|last2=Deckelbaum|first2=Richard J.|title=Preventive Nutrition: The Comprehensive Guide for Health Professionals|date=2016|publisher=Springer|isbn=9783319224312|page=608|edition=5|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=l7xPCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA608|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230000055/https://books.google.ca/books?id=l7xPCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA608|archive-date=2016-12-30}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھُ ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنائزیشنس (ڈبلیو ایچ او) ضۆروٗری ادویاتک فہرستس مَنٛز شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO21st&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|title=World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019|year=2019|hdl=10665/325771|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|id=WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO|hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; کیلامین چھُ عام دَوا۔ کس طورس پؠٹھ کاؤنٹرس پؠٹھ دستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ric2015&quot; /&gt; ترقی پذیر دنیا مَنٛز چھ تھوک قٟمَتھ تقریبا امریکی ڈالر 0.25-3.85 فی 100 ملی لیٹر بوتل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ERC2014&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Calamine|url=http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=105&amp;searchYear=2014|website=International Drug Price Indicator Guide|access-date=8 December 2016|archive-date=22 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122072748/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=105&amp;searchYear=2014|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; برطانیہس مَنٛز چھ نیشنل ہیلتھ سروس لاگت تقریبا £ 4.4۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF69&quot; /&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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'''ڈومپیریڈون'''، یُس  '''موٹیلیم''' ناوس تَحَت کٕننہٕ چھُ یِوان، چھُ اَکھ دَوا یُس اُلٹی دور کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال چھُ یِوان کرنہٕ، معدٕ کہِ ذٔریعہٕ کھیٚنٕچ نقل و حمل بڑاونہٕ خٲطرٕ، مایگرینُک عیٚلاج کرنہٕ تہٕ ماجہِ ہُنٛد دۄدٕ پٲداوارس بڑاو دِنہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال یِوان کرنہٕ۔۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Red2007&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last2=Soykan|first2=Irfan|last3=McCallum|first3=Richard W.|title=Domperidone: Review of Pharmacology and Clinical Applications in Gastroenterology|journal=The American Journal of Gastroenterology|volume=102|issue=9|year=2007|pages=2036–2045|issn=0002-9270|pmid=17488253|last=Reddymasu|first=Savio C.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Breast2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Paul|first=C|last2=Zénut|first2=M|last3=Dorut|first3=A|last4=Coudoré|first4=MA|last5=Vein|first5=J|last6=Cardot|first6=JM|last7=Balayssac|first7=D|title=Use of domperidone as a galactagogue drug: a systematic review of the benefit-risk ratio.|journal=Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association|date=February 2015|volume=31|issue=1|pages=57-63|doi=10.1177/0890334414561265|pmid=25475074}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Becker|first=WJ|title=Acute Migraine Treatment in Adults.|journal=Headache|date=June 2015|volume=55|issue=6|pages=778-93|doi=10.1111/head.12550|pmid=25877672}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہٕ چھ گوٚمتؠ ذریعہٕ ننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF79&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=BNF 79 : March 2020.|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf79britishnati0000join|date=2020|publisher=Royal Pharmaceutical Society|location=London|isbn=9780857113658|page=[https://archive.org/details/bnf79britishnati0000join/page/444 444]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ضمنی اثرات کہ خطرٕ کہ وجہ سٟتؠ چھ اکہ ہفتہٕ کھۄتہٕ کم وقتس خٲطرٕ استعمالٕچ تجویز دنہٕ یوان تہٕ چھ نہٕ ماجہ ہنٛد دوٚنہٕ بڑاونٕچ تجویز دنہٕ آمٕژ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF79&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FDA2020&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Research|first=Center for Drug Evaluation and|title=How to Request Domperidone for Expanded Access Use|url=https://www.fda.gov/drugs/investigational-new-drug-ind-application/how-request-domperidone-expanded-access-use|website=FDA|access-date=6 October 2020|language=en|date=3 August 2020|archive-date=5 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005222404/https://www.fda.gov/drugs/investigational-new-drug-ind-application/how-request-domperidone-expanded-access-use|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

عام ضمنی اثراتس مَنٛز چھ اَکھ خشک بوتھ شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF79&quot; /&gt; باقی مضر اثرات چھ اضطراب، اسہال، تہٕ جنسی بے کارگی شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF79&quot; /&gt; ارتھمیا تہٕ اچانک دلک گرفت۔ خطرٕ کہ وجہ سٟتؠ چھنہٕ یمن دلٕچ بیماری۔ مَنٛز امک استعمالچ سفارش یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF79&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lee2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Leelakanok|first=N|last2=Holcombe|first2=A|last3=Schweizer|first3=ML|title=Domperidone and Risk of Ventricular Arrhythmia and Cardiac Death: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.|journal=Clinical drug investigation|date=February 2016|volume=36|issue=2|pages=97-107|doi=10.1007/s40261-015-0360-0|pmid=26649742}}&lt;/ref&gt; دۄد چاناوُن چھ یہٕ بچہٕ خٲطرٕ مۄحفوٗظ ماننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF79&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)|publisher=National Library of Medicine (US)|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30000430/|access-date=6 October 2020|chapter=Domperidone|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709181812/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30000430/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ڈومپیرڈون چھِ اَکھ پردیی طور پٲنٹھ منتخب [[ڈوپاماین]] D2 رسیپٹر مُخٲلِف&lt;ref name=&quot;Red2007&quot; /&gt;

ڈومپریڈون اوس 1974 مَنٛز جانسن فارماسیٹکاہن تیار کوٚرمت۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Zarros|first=Apostolos|last2=Tansey|first2=Tilli|title=Pharmaceutical Innovation After World War II: From Rational Drug Discovery to Biopharmaceuticals|date=2019|publisher=Frontiers Media SA|isbn=978-2-88963-223-7|page=49|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=THXADwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA49|language=en|access-date=6 October 2020|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709181736/https://books.google.ca/books?id=THXADwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA49|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ عام دَوا۔ کس طورس پیٚٹھ دستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF79&quot; /&gt; برطانیہس مَنٛز چھ اکہ رؠتہٕ سپلاییٕچ لاگت NHS تَقریٖبَن 3 پاؤنڈ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF79&quot; /&gt; ییلہ زن کہ وارہیو ملکن مَنٛز چھ دستیاب، یہٕ چھ صرف ریاستہاے متحدہس مَنٛز رحم دلانہٕ اِستِمال۔ تحت شدید معدے کہ حرکت پذیری ہند عوارضہٕ خٲطرٕہ دستیاب یوس نہٕ باکین یَلاجن ہند ذریعہ قابل انتظام چھ کینٛہہ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Red2007&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FDA2020&quot; /&gt;


== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:دَوا]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="6624" sha1="fp43d4e38grx0tqzp1rlu8h2puxvwyq" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox drug/Wikidata}}

'''نیپرکسین''' ({{Lang-en|Naproxen}}) یُس '''ایلیو''' برانڈ ناوس تَحَت کٕنٛنہٕ یوان، چھُ اَکھ [[غٲر سٹیرایڈل اینٹی انفلیمیٹری دوا|غٲر سٹیرایڈیل اینٹی انفلیمیٹری دوا]] (NSAID) یُس دگ، ماہواری ہنٛز دگ، [[وَرَم]]  بیماریہٕ یَتھ کٔنؠ زن ریومیٹایڈ گٹھیا تہٕ [[تَپھ|بخار]]س عیٚلاج کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ چھ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Naproxen Monograph for Professionals|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/naproxen.html|website=Drugs.com|publisher=AHFS|access-date=19 December 2018|archive-date=20 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181220230452/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/naproxen.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہٕ چھ [[ٲس]] ذریعہٕ ننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھُ فوری تہٕ تاخیر ریلیز فارمولیشنن مَنٛز دستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; اثر چھِ اکہ گھنٛٹس اندر شۆروٗع گژھان تہٕ بَہَن گھنٹن تام روزان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt;

عام ضمنی اثراتس مَنٛز چھ چکرٕ،کَلہٕ دود زخم، الرجی رد عمل، دلٕچ جلن تہٕ یڈ دگ شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; شدید مضر اثراتس مَنٛز چھ دلٕدلٕچ بیماری۔ فالج، تہٕ [[میٛادٕ|میٛادُک]] السرک خطرٕ بڑن شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; دل کہ بیمار ہند خطرٕ ہیٚکہ باقٕے NSAIDs کہ مقابلس مَنٛز کم ٲستھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھنہٕ تمن لوٗکن مَنٛز تَجویٖز یوان کرنہٕ یمن گرڈن ہنٛد مسلہٕ چھ۔ &lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; حملٕچ ترٛیٚیمس تریمس حصس مَنٛز چھنہٕ یہِ اِستِمال کرنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt;

نیپرکسین چھُ اَکھ غٲر منتخب COX انفیکٹر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھ دواہن ہنٛدس پروپیونک ایسڈ کلاسس مَنٛز۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; بطور اَکھ NSAID، نیپروکسن چھ پروسٹاگلینڈنس نٲمی سوزش کرن والین ثالثن ہِنٛز پٲداوار کم کٔرِتھ پنٕنؠ سوزش روکاونٕچ کٲم کران نظر یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=McEvoy|first=Gerald K.|title=AHFS Drug Information, 2000|date=2000|publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|isbn=9781585280049|page=1854|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E3iynUKXWoYC&amp;q|access-date=22 May 2020|archive-date=6 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806051015/https://books.google.com/books?id=E3iynUKXWoYC&amp;q|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ جگر کہ ذریعہٕ غیر فعال میٹابولایٹس مَنٛز میٹابولایز یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt;

۔ NYECOUNTDOWN، یہٕ ٲس 1960 مَنٛز امریکی طبی اِستِمال خٲطرٕہ منظور آمت کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Naprosyn label&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Naprosyn- naproxen tablet EC-Naprosyn- naproxen tablet, delayed release Anaprox DS- naproxen sodium tablet|website=DailyMed|date=1 July 2019|url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=8bff5df5-d856-4237-b6a8-ae445b454844|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-date=8 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808205112/https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=8bff5df5-d856-4237-b6a8-ae445b454844|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Fis2006&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Fischer|first=Jnos|last2=Ganellin|first2=C. Robin|title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery|date=2006|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|isbn=9783527607495|page=520|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&amp;pg=PA520|access-date=22 May 2020|archive-date=6 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806185251/https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&amp;pg=PA520|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ کاؤنٹرس پیٚٹھ تہٕ عام دَوا۔ کس طورس پیٚٹھ دٔستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Medicines A to Z - Naproxen|url=https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/naproxen/|website=NHS|publisher=National Health Service|access-date=11 March 2020|date=24 October 2018|archive-date=30 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200630024552/https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/naproxen/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; برطانیہس مَنٛز چھ 2017 ہس مَنٛز فی ڈوز لگ بگ £ 0.15 لاگت یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF74&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=British national formulary : BNF 74|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf74september200000join|date=2017|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=978-0857112989|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bnf74september200000join/page/1048 1048]–1049|edition=74}}&lt;/ref&gt; ریاستہاے متحدہس مَنٛز، فی ڈوز تھوک قٟمَتھ چھ 2018 ہس تام 0.10 امریکی ڈالر کھۄتہٕ کم۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ref&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=NADAC as of 2018-12-19|url=https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2018-12-19/g7bs-ahj4|website=Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services|access-date=22 December 2018|archive-date=19 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219230344/https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2018-12-19/g7bs-ahj4|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2017 مَنٛز، اوس یہِ ریاستہاے متحدس مَنٛز 71 ہم سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ عام طور پٲنٹھ تجویز کرنہٕ آمت دَوا، یَتھ مَنٛز 11 ملین کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ نسخہٕ ٲس آمت دینہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=The Top 300 of 2020|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|publisher=ClinCalc|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=12 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210212142534/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ref2&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Naproxen - Drug Usage Statistics|website=ClinCalc|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Naproxen|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=12 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412021222/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Naproxen|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حوالہ جات ==
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''سیلاین''' یَتھ '''سیلین حل''' تہٕ ونان چھِ، چھ آبس مَنٛز [[سوڈیم کلورایڈ]] مرکب۔ طبس مَنٛز چھ ایمکہ واریاہ اِستِمال۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Pro2017&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Sodium Chloride Injection - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses|url=https://www.drugs.com/pro/sodium-chloride-injection.html|website=www.drugs.com|access-date=14 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118041708/https://www.drugs.com/pro/sodium-chloride-injection.html|archive-date=18 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; مُتٲثِر جایہ لگاونہٕ سٟتؠ چھ یہِ زخم صاف کرنہٕ، [[کنٹیکٹ لینز|کانٹیکٹ لینز]] ہٹاونس مَنٛز مَدَتھ، تہٕ خشک أچھ مَنٛز مَدَتھ کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF69&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=British national formulary : BNF 69|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf69britishnati0000unse|date=2015|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=9780857111562|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bnf69britishnati0000unse/page/683 683], 770|edition=69}}&lt;/ref&gt; رگس مَنٛز انجیکشن کہ ذریعہٕ چھ یہِ [[ڈی ہائیڈریشن|ڈی ہایڈریشن]] علاج کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ یَتھ کٔنؠ [[گیسٹرواینٹیراٹس|گیسٹرو اینٹرایٹس]] تہٕ [[ذیابطیس کیٹوایسیڈوسس]]&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF69&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھُ انجیکشن کہ ذریعہ دنہٕ ینہٕ واجنیٚن باقی دواہن کمزور کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ تہ اِستِمال کرنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Pro2017&quot; /&gt;

زیٛادٕ مقدارس مَنٛز سِستِمال چھ سیالک اوورلوڈ، سوجن، تیزابیت، تہٕ خوٗنس مَنٛز زیٛادٕ سوڈیمک سبب بنتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Pro2017&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF69&quot; /&gt; یمن لوکن مَنٛز طویل عرصس تام [[کم خون سوڈیم|خون سوڈیم کم]] چھ، تمن مَنٛز چھ ضرورت کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ استعمالک نتیجہٕ اوسموٹک ڈیمیلینیشن سنڈرومک ٲستھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF69&quot; /&gt; سیلین چھ ادویات کس کرسٹل خاندانہٕ مَنٛز۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Marini|first=John J.|last2=Wheeler|first2=Arthur P.|title=Critical Care Medicine: The Essentials|date=2010|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|isbn=9780781798396|page=54|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jmxl0ERFvYgC&amp;pg=PA54|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918184101/https://books.google.com/books?id=jmxl0ERFvYgC&amp;pg=PA54|archive-date=2017-09-18|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ عام طور پانٹھ فی لیٹر (0.9% ′ حلک سٹیرایٔل 9 گرام نمکین کس طورس پؠٹھ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ، یَتھ نارمل سیلاین چھ ونان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Pro2017&quot; /&gt; &amp;nbsp;اعلی تہٕ کم ارتکاز تہٕ ہیکو کنہ ساتہٕ اِستِمال کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Hypertonic Saline - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses|url=https://www.drugs.com/pro/hypertonic-saline.html|website=www.drugs.com|access-date=14 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118041321/https://www.drugs.com/pro/hypertonic-saline.html|archive-date=18 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Pestana|first=Carlos|title=Fluids and Electrolytes in the Surgical Patient|date=2000|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|isbn=9780781724258|page=11|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CfCuIUwv3pEC&amp;pg=PA11|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918184101/https://books.google.com/books?id=CfCuIUwv3pEC&amp;pg=PA11|archive-date=2017-09-18|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; نمکین چھ پی ایچ 5.5 آسان (بنیٲدی طور پٲنٹھ چھ یہٕ کاربن ڈائی آکسائیڈ کہ تحلیل کہٕ وجہ سٟتؠ تیزابی بنان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Reddi|first=BA|title=Why is saline so acidic (and does it really matter?).|journal=International Journal of Medical Sciences|date=2013|volume=10|issue=6|pages=747–50|doi=10.7150/ijms.5868|pmid=23630439|pmc=3638298}}&lt;/ref&gt;

سیلاینُک طبی اِستِمال گو 1831 ہس آس پاس شۆروٗع۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Bozzetti|first=Federico|last2=Staun|first2=Michael|last3=Gossum|first3=Andre van|title=Home Parenteral Nutrition, 2nd Edition|date=2014|publisher=CABI|isbn=9781780643113|page=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fnYXBgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA4|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918184101/https://books.google.com/books?id=fnYXBgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA4|archive-date=2017-09-18|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنائزیشنس (ڈبلیو ایچ او) ضۆروٗری ادویاتک فہرستس مَنٛز شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO21st&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|title=World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019|year=2019|hdl=10665/325771|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|id=WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[[[ترقی پذیر دنیا]]]] مَنٛز چھ تھوک قٟمَتھ تَقریٖبَن امریکی ڈالر 0.60-4.20 فی لیٹر عام نمکین۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ERC2014&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Sodium Chloride in Water|url=http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=724&amp;searchYear=2014|website=International Drug Price Indicator Guide|access-date=8 December 2016|archive-date=22 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122072334/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=724&amp;searchYear=2014|url-status=live}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122072334/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=724&amp;searchYear=2014 |date=22 January 2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 2017 مَنٛز، سوڈیم سالٹ اوس ریاستہائے متحدس مَنٛز 225 ہم سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ عام طور پٲنٹھ تجویز کرنہٕ آمت دَوا، یَتھ مَنٛز زٕ ملین کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ نسخہٕ چھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ref&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=The Top 300 of 2020|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|website=ClinCalc|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=18 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318234059/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Sodium - Drug Usage Statistics|website=ClinCalc|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Sodium|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=8 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200708071641/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Sodium|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
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    <title>وٹامن سی</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="8530" sha1="nmycbh615em73irj2eh4x9nlr1e2ing" xml:space="preserve">'''[[وایٹامِن|وٹامن]] سی''' یَتھ '''ایسکربک ایسڈ''' تہٕ '''ایسکوربیٹ''' تہ ونان چھِ، چھُ اَکھ وٹامن یُس مختلف خوراکن مَنٛز لبنہٕ چھُ یوان تہٕ بطور [[غذٲئی ضمیمہ]] کٕننہٕ چھ یوان۔ یہِ چھ [[سکروی]] رکاونہٕ تہٕ علاج کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ۔ وٹامن سی چھُ اَکھ اہم غذائی اجزاء یس [[ٹِشوٗ|ٹشو]] مرمت تہٕ بعض نیورو ٹرانسمیٹر ہنٛد اینزیمیٹک پیداوارس مَنٛز چھ شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;DRItext&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids|chapter=Vitamin C|publisher=The National Academies Press|year=2000|location=Washington, DC|pages=95–185|chapter-url=https://www.nap.edu/read/9810/chapter/7|access-date=September 1, 2017|isbn=978-0-309-06935-9|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902180153/https://www.nap.edu/read/9810/chapter/7|archive-date=September 2, 2017|df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھُ واریاہن انزائمن ہنٛد کٲم کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ ضۆروٗری تہٕ مدافعتی نظام کہ کامہ خٲطرٕ چھ اہم۔&lt;ref name=&quot;DRItext&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;lpi2018&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Vitamin C|url=http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/vitamins/vitamin-C|publisher=Micronutrient Information Center, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR|access-date=19 June 2019|date=1 July 2018|archive-date=July 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190712000113/https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/vitamins/vitamin-C|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہٕ چھُ اَکھ [[اینٹی آکسیڈنٹس]] پٲٹھؠ کٲم کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Fact Sheet for Health Professionals – Vitamin C|url=https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-HealthProfessional/|publisher=Office of Dietary Supplements, US National Institutes of Health|date=February 11, 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730052126/https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-HealthProfessional/|archive-date=July 30, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

کینٛہہ ثوٚبوت چھِ موجود ز سپلیمنٹن ہنٛد باقٲعدٕ اِستِمال سٟتؠ ہکہٕ [[نزٕل]] ہنٛد دورانیہ کم گژھتھ، مگر یہٕ چھنہٕ انفیکشن رکاوان نظر یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2008&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=WHO Model Formulary 2008|url=https://archive.org/details/whomodelformular00unse|year=2009|isbn=9789241547659|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|veditors=Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR|hdl=10665/44053|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hem2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hemilä H, Chalker E|title=Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|issue=1|pages=CD000980|date=January 2013|pmid=23440782|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD000980.pub4|pmc=1160577}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھنہٕ واضح ز کیا ضمیمہ چھ [[کَنسَر|کینسر۔]] قلبی بیماریاں یا [[زَوال عقٕل|ڈیمنشیا]] کہ خطرس مُتٲثِر کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ye2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Ye Y, Li J, Yuan Z|title=Effect of antioxidant vitamin supplementation on cardiovascular outcomes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=8|issue=2|pages=e56803|year=2013|pmid=23437244|pmc=3577664|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0056803|bibcode=2013PLoSO...856803Y}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Duerbeck NB, Dowling DD, Duerbeck JM|title=Vitamin C: Promises Not Kept|journal=Obstetrical &amp; Gynecological Survey|volume=71|issue=3|pages=187–93|date=March 2016|pmid=26987583|doi=10.1097/OGX.0000000000000289|quote=Antioxidant vitamin supplementation has no effect on the incidence of major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction, stroke, total death, and cardiac death.}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ ہیٚکہ ٲس یا انجیکشن کہ ذٔریع ننہٕ یَتھ۔

وٹامن سی چھُ عام طور اصل پٲنٹھ برداشت یوان کرنہٕ۔ بٔڑؠ ڈوز چھِ [[میٛادٕ|میٛادُک]] تکلیف، [[کلہٕ دود|کَلہٕ دود]]، سونٛچس مَنٛز دشوٲری تہٕ جلدہٕ فلشنگ ہنٛد سبب بنتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2008&quot; /&gt; [[حمل۔]] دوران چھ عام خوراک مۄحفوٗظ آسان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Drugscom pregnancy&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Ascorbic acid Use During Pregnancy|url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/ascorbic-acid.html|website=Drugs.com|access-date=December 30, 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161231075819/https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/ascorbic-acid.html|archive-date=December 31, 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; یونائیٹڈ سٹیٹس انسٹیٹیوٹ آف میڈیسن چھ بڑٕ ڈوز ننہٕ خَلاف تجویز کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;DRItext&quot; /&gt;

وٹامن سی اوس 1912 مَنٛز دریافت آمت کرنہٕ، 1928 مَنٛز آو الگ کرنہٕ، تہٕ 1933 مَنٛز اوس گۄڈنُیٛک وٹامن یس کیمیکل طور پٲٹھؠ تیار اوس آمت کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Squires&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Squires|first=Victor R.|title=The Role of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in Human Nutrition - Volume IV|date=2011|publisher=EOLSS Publications|isbn=9781848261952|page=121|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VJWoCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA121|access-date=August 8, 2020|archive-date=December 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225062523/https://books.google.com/books?id=VJWoCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA121|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنائزیشنس (ڈبلیو ایچ او) ضۆروٗری ادویاتک فہرستس مَنٛز شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO21st&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|title=World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019|year=2019|hdl=10665/325771|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|id=WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO}}&lt;/ref&gt; وٹامن سی چھ اَکھ سستہٕ عام تہٕ کاؤنٹر دَوا کس طورس پؠٹھ دستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF76&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=British national formulary : BNF 76|date=2018|publisher=Pharmaceutical Press|isbn=9780857113382|page=1049|edition=76}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ERC2015&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Vitamin C: Supplier Prices|url=http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=830&amp;searchYear=2015|publisher=Management Sciences for Health, Arlington, VA|date=2016|access-date=March 22, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170323233108/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=830&amp;searchYear=2015|archive-date=March 23, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; جزوی طورس پؠٹھ ایمچہ دریافت خٲطرٕہ، البرٹ سینٹ-گیوگی تہٕ والٹر نارمن ہاورتھ آیہ بالترتیب فزیولوجی تہٕ میڈیسن تہٕ کیمسٹری مَنٛز 1937 کہ [[نوبَل یَنام|نوبل انعام]] سٟتؠ نوازنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1937|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1937|publisher=Nobel Media AB|access-date=November 20, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141105153327/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1937/|archive-date=November 5, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zet2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zetterström R|title=Nobel Prize 1937 to Albert von Szent-Györgyi: identification of vitamin C as the anti-scorbutic factor|journal=Acta Paediatrica|volume=98|issue=5|pages=915–9|date=May 2009|pmid=19239412|doi=10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01239.x}}&lt;/ref&gt; وٹامن سی یس پؠٹھ مشتمل خوراکن مَنٛز چھ کھجر پھل، کیوی پھل، امرود، بروکول برسلز سپراوٹ، گھنٹی مرچ تہٕ سٹرابیری شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt; طویل عرصس تام ذخیرٕہ یا کھین پکاون ہؠکہ کھیٚن مَنٛز وٹامن سی ہنٛد مواد کم کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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    <title>گلیوبلوسٹوما</title>
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      <comment>Add 2 books for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="7620" sha1="khkuea4qty8osp5izdt5gs1krnkjlpa" xml:space="preserve">'''گلیوبلوسٹوما''' یَتھ '''گلیوبلوسٹوما ملٹیفارم''' تہٕ ونان چھِ، چھُ [[کَنسَر|کینسر]] سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ خطرناک قسم یُس [[کوڈ|دؠماغس]] اندر شۆروٗع چھُ گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ble2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Bleeker FE, Molenaar RJ, Leenstra S|title=Recent advances in the molecular understanding of glioblastoma|journal=Journal of Neuro-Oncology|volume=108|issue=1|pages=11–27|date=May 2012|pmid=22270850|pmc=3337398|doi=10.1007/s11060-011-0793-0}}&lt;/ref&gt; ابتدٲیی طورس پؠٹھ چھ گلیو بلاسٹوما ہٕک نِشان تہٕ علامتہٕ غٲر مخصوص۔ یمن مَنٛز ہیٚکن [[کلہٕ دود|کَلہٕ دود]]، شخصیت مَنٛز تبدیلی، متلی تہٕ فالج ہیوؠ علامتہٕ شٲمل ٲستھ۔ علامتہٕ چھےٚ اکثر تیزی سان خراب گژھان تہٕ یہِ ہیٚکہ بے ہوش گژھنس تام واتتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WCR2014,5.16&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=World Cancer Report 2014|url=https://archive.org/details/worldcancerrepor0000unse_p0u5|date=2014|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=978-9283204299|chapter=Chapter 5.16}}&lt;/ref&gt;

گلیوبلاسٹوما کہ زیٛادٕ تر معاملن ہنٛز وجہ چھےٚ نہٕ معلوم کیٚنٛہہ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WCR2014,5.16&quot; /&gt; غٲر معمولی خطرٕ کہ عواملن مَنٛز چھ [[جینیٲتی ڈس آرڈر|جینیٲتی عوارض]] شٲمل، یَتھ کٔنؠ [[نیوروفائبرومیٹوسس|نیوروفایبرومیٹوسس]] تہٕ [[لی-فرومینی سنڈروم]] تہٕ پٔتمین تابکاری تھراپی&lt;ref name=&quot;WCR2014,5.16&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Gal2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Gallego O|title=Nonsurgical treatment of recurrent glioblastoma|journal=Current Oncology|volume=22|issue=4|pages=e273-81|date=August 2015|pmid=26300678|pmc=4530825|doi=10.3747/co.22.2436}}&lt;/ref&gt; گلیوبلوسٹوما چھُ دؠماغک تمام ٹیومرک 15% حصس پؠٹھ محیط۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Young2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Young RM, Jamshidi A, Davis G, Sherman JH|date=June 2015|title=Current trends in the surgical management and treatment of adult glioblastoma|journal=Annals of Translational Medicine|volume=3|issue=9|pages=121|doi=10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.05.10|pmc=4481356|pmid=26207249}}&lt;/ref&gt; تم ہیٚکن یا  عام دؠمٲغی خلیات سٟتؠ شۆروٗع گژھتھ یا موجودٕ کم درجک [[ایسٹروسیٹوما]] پؠٹھ بٔنِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WCR2014,3.8&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=World Cancer Report 2014|url=https://archive.org/details/worldcancerrepor0000unse_p0u5|date=2014|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=978-9283204299|chapter=Chapter 3.8}}&lt;/ref&gt; تشخیص چھُ عام طور  [[سی ٹی سِکین|سی ٹی سکین]] [[مؠقناطیٖس تَصویٖر سٲزی|ایم آر آیی سکین]] تہٕ [[ٹشو بایوپسی]] ہٕنٛد امتزاج سٟتؠ یوان کرنہٕ۔

کینسر رکاونہٕ خٲطرٕ چھنہٕ کانٛہہ پَتا طٔریقہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Gal2015&quot; /&gt; علاجس مَنٛز چھ عام طور  سرجری شٲمل آسان، ییٚمہ پتہٕ [[کیموتھراپی]] تہٕ ریڈی ایشن تھراپی چھ اِستِمال گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Gal2015&quot; /&gt; دَوا چھ [[تیموزولومائڈ]] اکثر کیموتھراپی ہٕنٛدس حصہٕ کس طورس پیٚٹھ اِستِمال کرنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Gal2015&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hart2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Hart MG, Garside R, Rogers G, Stein K, Grant R|title=Temozolomide for high grade glioma|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|volume=4|issue=4|pages=CD007415|date=April 2013|pmid=23633341|pmc=6457743|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD007415.pub2}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;RTG1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Khosla D|title=Concurrent therapy to enhance radiotherapeutic outcomes in glioblastoma|journal=Annals of Translational Medicine|volume=4|issue=3|pages=54|date=February 2016|pmid=26904576|pmc=4740000|doi=10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2016.01.25}}&lt;/ref&gt; زیٛادٕ خوراک وٲلؠ [[کورٹیکوسٹیرائڈ|سٹیرایڈ۔]] ہیٚکو سوجن کم کرنہٕ تہٕ علامتہٕ کم کرنس مَنٛز مَدَتھ کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Young2015&quot; /&gt; ٹیومرک بڑس جراحی سٟتؠ ذہٹاونک تعلق چھ زیٹھ زندٕ روزنس سٟتؠ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Van Meir EG, Hadjipanayis CG, Norden AD, Shu HK, Wen PY, Olson JJ|title=Exciting new advances in neuro-oncology: the avenue to a cure for malignant glioma|journal=Ca|volume=60|issue=3|pages=166–93|year=2010|pmid=20445000|pmc=2888474|doi=10.3322/caac.20069}}&lt;/ref&gt;

زیٛادٕ تر علاج کرنہٕ باوجوٗد چھُ  عام طور  واپس یِوان ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Gal2015&quot; /&gt; تشخیص پتہٕ چھ بقایاتن ہند عام  12 پؠٹھ 15 ہن رؠتن تام آسان، یَتھ مَنٛز 3 پؠٹھ 7% لوک چھ پانژ ورین کھوتہٕ زیادٕہ زندٕ روزان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WCR2014,5.16&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Os2019&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Ostrom QT, Cioffi G, Gittleman H, Patil N, Waite K, Kruchko C, Barnholtz-Sloan JS|date=November 2019|title=CBTRUS Statistical Report: Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2012-2016|journal=Neuro-Oncology|volume=21|issue=Supplement_5|pages=v1–v100|doi=10.1093/neuonc/noz150|pmc=6823730|pmid=31675094}}&lt;/ref&gt; علاجہٕ ورٲیہ چھِ زندٕ روزنس عام طور ترٛیٚن رؠتن آسان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Sch2007&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Schapira|first=Anthony H.V.|title=Neurology and clinical neuroscience|date=2007|publisher=Mosby Elsevier|location=Philadelphia|isbn=9780323070539|page=1336|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EwajBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA1336|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729005047/https://books.google.ca/books?id=EwajBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA1336|archive-date=2017-07-29}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھُ سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ عام کینسر یس دماغس اندر شروٗع چھُ گژھان تہٕ [[مرسیدس بنز|مینجنیوما]] پتہٕ چھ دوٚیٛم سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ عام  ٹیومر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ble2012&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mc2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=McNeill KA|title=Epidemiology of Brain Tumors|journal=Neurologic Clinics|volume=34|issue=4|pages=981–998|date=November 2016|pmid=27720005|doi=10.1016/j.ncl.2016.06.014}}&lt;/ref&gt; پرٛتھ ؤریہِ چھِ 100,000 نَفرو مَنٛز تَقریٖبَن 3 بیمار آسان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Gal2015&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھ اکثر 64 ؤریو کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ وٲنٛسہ مَنٛز شروٗع گژھان تہٕ زنانن ہنٛدس مقابلس مَنٛز مردن مَنٛز زیٛادٕ عام آسان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WCR2014,5.16&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Gal2015&quot; /&gt; [[کینسر امیونوتھراپی|امیونوتھراپی]] ہنٛد مطالعہ چھ کینسر کہ علاج کس طورس پیٚٹھ کرنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=With Immunotherapy, Glimmers of Progress against Glioblastoma|url=http://www.cancer.gov/types/brain/research/immunotherapy-glioblastoma|website=National Cancer Institute|access-date=23 December 2015|date=9 December 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151224103950/http://www.cancer.gov/types/brain/research/immunotherapy-glioblastoma|archive-date=24 December 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
&lt;references /&gt;
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    <title>ریٹینول</title>
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      <text bytes="6379" sha1="71nlr4zfbm710lvj41cicja7dmu0n68" xml:space="preserve">'''ریٹینول''' یَتھ '''[[وایٹامِن|وٹامن]] اے &lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;''' تہ ونان چھِ، چھُ اَکھ وٹامن یُس کھؠن مَنٛز لبنہٕ چھ یوان تہٕ بطور [[غذٲئی ضمیمہ]] اِستِمال چھ یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Office of Dietary Supplements - Vitamin A|url=https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-HealthProfessional/|website=ods.od.nih.gov|access-date=30 December 2016|date=31 August 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161212224704/https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-HealthProfessional/|archive-date=12 December 2016}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-HealthProfessional/ &quot;Office of Dietary Supplements - Vitamin A&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; بطور ضمیمہ چھ یہِ وٹامن اے چہ کٔمی ہنٛد علاج تہٕ روکاوٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ، خاص طور پٲٹھؠ اَمہِ کس نٔتیٖجس مَنٛز چھ [[زیریفتھلمیا]] گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2016&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Vitamin A|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/vitamin-a.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230232204/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/vitamin-a.html|archive-date=30 December 2016}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://www.drugs.com/monograph/vitamin-a.html &quot;Vitamin A&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; تمن علاقن مَنٛز یتن کٔمی عام چھ، تمن لوکن خٲطرٕ چھ اَکھ بٔڑ ڈوز تَجویٖز یوان کرنہٕ یمن ؤریہ مَنٛز زٕ لٹہ زیٛادٕ خطرٕ چھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2008&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھ تمن لوکن مَنٛز پیچیدٕگی ہنٛد خطرٕ کم کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ تہ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ یمن خسرہ چھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2008&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=WHO Model Formulary 2008|url=https://archive.org/details/whomodelformular00unse|year=2009|isbn=9789241547659|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|veditors=Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR|hdl=10665/44053|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization|page=[https://archive.org/details/whomodelformular00unse/page/500 500]}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھُ ٲس کِن یا یڈ مَنٛز انجیکشن کہ ذریعہٕ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2016&quot; /&gt;

عام ڈوزن پؠٹھ چھ ریٹینول اصل پٲٹھؠ برداشت یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2016&quot; /&gt; زیٛادٕ خوراکک نتیجہٕ ہکہٕ بڑتھ جگر، خشک جلد، یا ہائپر وٹامنوسس اے۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2016&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF69&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=British national formulary : BNF 69|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf69britishnati0000unse|date=2015|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=9780857111562|page=[https://archive.org/details/bnf69britishnati0000unse/page/701 701]|edition=69}}&lt;/ref&gt; حمل۔ دوران ہیکہ زیٛادٕ خوراک بچس نقصان واتٲوتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2016&quot; /&gt; ۔ ریٹنول چھ [[وٹامن اے|وٹامن اے۔]] کس خاندانس مَنٛز۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2016&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھُ  جسمس مَنٛز ریٹنل تہٕ ریٹینوک ایسڈ مَنٛز تبدیل گژھان یمہٕ ذریعہٕ یہٕ چھ کٲم کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt; غذٲئی ذرائعس مَنٛز چھ [[گاڈٕ]]، [[دۄد]]  تہٕ [[ماز]] شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2016&quot; /&gt;

ریٹینول اوس 1909 مَنٛز دریافت آمت کرنہٕ، 1931 مَنٛز آو الگ کرنہٕ، تہٕ گۄڈنُیٛک لٹہٕ 1947 مَنٛز آو بناونہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Squires|first=Victor R.|title=The Role of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in Human Nutrition - Volume IV|date=2011|publisher=EOLSS Publications|isbn=9781848261952|page=121|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VJWoCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA121|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171105201706/https://books.google.com/books?id=VJWoCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA121|archive-date=2017-11-05}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Ullmann's Food and Feed, 3 Volume Set|date=2016|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|isbn=9783527695522|page=Chapter 2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w1O9DQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA2034|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171105201730/https://books.google.com/books?id=w1O9DQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA2034|archive-date=2017-11-05}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھُ ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنائزیشنس (ڈبلیو ایچ او) ضۆروٗری ادویاتک فہرستس مَنٛز شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO21st&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|title=World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019|year=2019|hdl=10665/325771|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|id=WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO|hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; ریٹینول چھُ عام دَوا۔ کس طورس پیٚٹھ تہٕ کاؤنٹرس پیٚٹھ دٔستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2016&quot; /&gt; [[ترقی پذیر دنیا]] مَنٛز چھ تھوک قٟمَتھ تَقریٖبَن US $0.02-0.30 فی 50,000 یونٹس۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ERC2014&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Vitamin A|url=http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=812&amp;searchYear=2014|website=International Drug Price Indicator Guide|access-date=8 December 2016|archive-date=27 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181027232010/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=812&amp;searchYear=2014|url-status=live}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181027232010/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=812&amp;searchYear=2014 |date=27 October 2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt; ریاستہائے متحدس مَنٛز چھ نہٕ یہٕ واریہ درۄگ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ric2015&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Hamilton|first=Richart|title=Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition|date=2015|publisher=Jones &amp; Bartlett Learning|isbn=9781284057560|page=230}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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'''دچھہٕ پونٛپُر''' Moths چھ کیٚمؠ کٔٹؠ ہنٛد اَکھ گروپ یَتھ مَنٛز [[لیپیڈوپٹیرا|لیپیڈوپٹر]] آرڈرک تمام ممبران چھ شأمل یم نہٕ تتلؠ چھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Heppner&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Heppner|first=J.B.|title=Encyclopedia of Entomology|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofen0003unse_r0l7|publisher=Springer, Dordrecht|year=2008|isbn=978-1-4020-6242-1|editor-last=Capinera|editor-first=J.L.|pages=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofen0003unse_r0l7/page/2491 2491]–2494|chapter=Moths (Lepidoptera: Heterocera)|doi=10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_4705}}&lt;/ref&gt; دچھہٕ پونٛپُرن ہٕنٛدیٚن تَقریٖبَن 160,000 [[زٲژ]] چھ موجوٗد، یمن مَنٛز واریاہ چھنہٕ وِنیٛکھ تام بیان کرنہٕ آمت۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Moths|url=http://www.si.edu/Encyclopedia_SI/nmnh/buginfo/moths.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702164937/https://www.si.edu/Encyclopedia_SI/nmnh/buginfo/moths.htm|archive-date=2 July 2018|access-date=12 January 2012|website=Smithsonian Institution}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:کیوٚم]]</text>
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سیفالیکسن، یَتھ سیفالیکسن تہٕ ونان چھ، کُنہٕ ساتہٕ  '''کیفلیکس''' کہ ناوٕ سٟتؠ تہ کٕننہ یِوان، چھ اَکھ [[اینٹی بَیاٹِکس|اینٹی بائیوٹک]]&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Cephalexin|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/cephalexin.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=Apr 21, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140501202910/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/cephalexin.html|archive-date=2014-05-01}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ واریاہن [[بیکٹیریل انفیکشن]] ہنٛد علاج کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ، یمن مَنٛز کَنَن أڈجہ تہٕ جوڑ، جلد تہٕ پیشابچ نٲلؠ شٲمل چھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt; یہِ ہیٚکہ خاص قٕسمٕک [[نمونیا]] سٹریپ گرٕ، تہٕ بیکٹیریل اینڈوکارڈائٹس رکاونہٕ خٲطرٕ تہ اِستِمال کرنہٕ یَتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt; سیفالیکسن چھنہٕ میتھیسلن مزاحم سٹیفیلوکوکس اوریئس (ایم آر ایس اے ''اینٹروکوکس'' یا سیوڈوموناس) کہ وجہ سٟتؠ گژھن وٲل انفیکشنن خَلاف موثر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt; باقین اینٹی بایوٹکس پٲٹھؠ چھنہٕ یہِ [[وایرل انفیکشن]] علاج کٔرِتھ ہیٚکان، یَتھ کٔنؠ ز فلو، [[نزٕل|عام زنٛگہ۔]] یا شدید برونکائٹس۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt; اگرچہ یہِ چھ تمن لوکن مَنٛز اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ یمن پینسلن سٟتؠ ہلکہٕ یا اعتدال پسند الرجی چھ آسان، مگر یمن لوکن مَنٛز چھ نہٕ یہِ شدید پینسلن الرجی سٟتؠ تجویز یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt;

عام ضمنی اثرات مَنٛز چھ یڈ تہٕ میٛادٕ خراب گژھن شٲمل۔ &lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt; کلسٹریڈیم ڈفیسائل سٟتؠ الرجک رد عمل یا انفیکشن، اسہ ہنٛد وجہ تہ چھ ممکن۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt; حمل۔ دوران یا دۄد چیناونس۔ دوران چھنہٕ یہِ اِستِمال بچس خٲطرٕ نقصان دہ نظر یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;TGA2014&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Prescribing medicines in pregnancy database|url=http://www.tga.gov.au/hp/medicines-pregnancy.htm#.U1Yw8Bc3tqw|website=Australian Government|access-date=22 April 2014|date=3 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408040902/http://www.tga.gov.au/hp/medicines-pregnancy.htm#.U1Yw8Bc3tqw|archive-date=8 April 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Breast2013&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Breastfeeding and Medication|date=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781136178153|page=227|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Y8lbCnF1mgC&amp;pg=PA227|last=Wendy Jones|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908135050/https://books.google.com/books?id=0Y8lbCnF1mgC&amp;pg=PA227|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ ہیٚکو شُرؠن تہٕ 65 وہر کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ وٲنٛسہ مَنٛز اِستِمال کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt; یمن [[بۄکؤٹ|بۄکہٕ وچن]] ہنٛد مسلہٕ چھ تمن ہیٚکہ ڈوز کم کرنٕچ ضروٗرت ٲستھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt; سیفالیکسن چھ گوڈنکہ نسلہ ہند سیفالواسپورن کس کلاسس مَنٛز اَکھ بیٹا لیکٹم اینٹی بائیوٹک۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھ گرام پوزیٹیو تہٕ کینٛہہ گرام نیگیٹیو بیکٹیریا بیکٹیریل سیل وال کہ بڑنس مَنٛز خلل ڈالتھ ماران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھ اَتھ طبقس اندر باقی ایجنٹن ہنٛد پأنٹھ کٲم کران، بشمول نس اندر سیفازولن مگر یہِ ہیکو واتہٕ سٟتؠ نتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Brunton2011&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Brunton|first=Laurence L.|title=Goodman &amp; Gilman's pharmacological basis of therapeutics.|url=https://archive.org/details/goodmangilmansph0000unse_z2e0|date=2011|publisher=McGraw-Hill|location=New York|isbn=978-0071624428|edition=12th|chapter=53, Penicillins, Cephalosporins, and Other β-Lactam Antibiotics}}&lt;/ref&gt;

سیفالیکسن اوس 1967 مَنٛز تیار آمت کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Hey2007&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|editor-last=Hey|editor-first=Edmund|title=Neonatal formulary 5 drug use in pregnancy and the first year of life|date=2007|publisher=Blackwell|isbn=9780470750353|page=67|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aumIBqHmChwC&amp;pg=PA67|edition=5th|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908135050/https://books.google.com/books?id=aumIBqHmChwC&amp;pg=PA67|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; یہٕ اوس گۄڈنُیٛک لٹہٕ 1960 مَنٛز جٲری آمت کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;McP2007&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=McPherson|first=Edwin M.|title=Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Encyclopedia.|date=2007|publisher=Elsevier|location=Burlington|isbn=9780815518563|page=915|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_J2ti4EkYpkC&amp;pg=PA915|edition=3rd|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908135051/https://books.google.com/books?id=_J2ti4EkYpkC&amp;pg=PA915|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ravina|first=Enrique|title=The evolution of drug discovery : from traditional medicines to modern drugs|date=2011|publisher=Wiley-VCH|location=Weinheim|isbn=9783527326693|page=267|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iDNy0XxGqT8C&amp;pg=PA267|edition=1. Aufl.|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908135051/https://books.google.com/books?id=iDNy0XxGqT8C&amp;pg=PA267|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; عام دَوا چھ دستیاب تہٕ سستہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2014&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Hanlon|first=Geoffrey|title=Essential Microbiology for Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science|date=2012|publisher=Wiley|location=Hoboken|isbn=9781118432433|page=140|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P4Ucifn76PUC&amp;pg=PT140|last2=Hodges, Norman|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908135051/https://books.google.com/books?id=P4Ucifn76PUC&amp;pg=PT140|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنائزیشنس (ڈبلیو ایچ او) ضۆروٗری ادویاتک فہرستس مَنٛز شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO21st&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|title=World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019|year=2019|hdl=10665/325771|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|id=WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO|hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2017 مَنٛز، اوس یہِ ریاستہائے متحدس مَنٛز 102 ہم سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ عام طور پٲنٹھ تجویز کرنہٕ آمت دَوا، یَتھ مَنٛز سٟتؠ ملین کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ نسخہٕ ٲس آمت دینہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=The Top 300 of 2020|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|website=ClinCalc|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=12 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210212142534/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Cephalexin - Drug Usage Statistics|website=ClinCalc|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Cephalexin|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=20 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620032324/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Cephalexin|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; کینیڈاہس مَنٛز، اوس یہِ 2013 ہس مَنٛز اِستِمال گژھن وول شیٚیم سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ عام اینٹی بایوٹک۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|url=http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2014/aspc-phac/HP37-20-2013-eng.pdf|title=Human Antimicrobial Drug Use Report 2012/2013|date=November 2014|access-date=February 24, 2015|publisher=Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150321041930/http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2014/aspc-phac/HP37-20-2013-eng.pdf|archive-date=March 21, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; آسٹریلیاہس مَنٛز چھ یہِ سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ تَجویٖز کرنہٕ آمٕتؠ 15 ہن ادویاتن مَنٛز اَکھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Australia's Health 2012: The Thirteenth Biennial Health Report of the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare|date=2012|publisher=Australian Institute of Health and Welfare|isbn=9781742493053|page=408|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1CazE2WqNBEC&amp;pg=PT424|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908135051/https://books.google.com/books?id=1CazE2WqNBEC&amp;pg=PT424|archive-date=2017-09-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حوالہ جات ==
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    <title>پنڈولول</title>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="3367" sha1="mr7edebnnrrgsgqr69xl265z0rciinx" xml:space="preserve">'''پنڈولول''' یُس '''ویکیکن''' برانڈ ناوس تحت کٕنٛنہٕ چھ یوان، چھ اَکھ دَوا یس [[زیٛادٕ خوٗنُک دَباو|ہائی بلڈ پریشر]] تہٕ [[انجنا]] کہ علاج خٲطرٕ اِستِمال چھ یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;PI2021&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=DailyMed - PINDOLOL tablet|url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=f91e5715-e37d-45fa-97a7-4d32fbd51060|website=dailymed.nlm.nih.gov|access-date=28 October 2021|archive-date=28 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028082651/https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=f91e5715-e37d-45fa-97a7-4d32fbd51060|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF81&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=BNF 81: March-September 2021|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf81marchseptem0000unse|date=2021|publisher=BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press|isbn=978-0857114105|page=[https://archive.org/details/bnf81marchseptem0000unse/page/164 164]}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ ہائی بلڈ پریشرک کم ترجیحی۔ دار علاج۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2021&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Pindolol Monograph for Professionals|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/pindolol.html|website=Drugs.com|access-date=28 October 2021|language=en|archive-date=7 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807195246/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/pindolol.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہٕ چھ ٲس ذریعہٕ ننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;PI2021&quot; /&gt; بلڈ پریشرک زیٛادٕ کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ اثر ہیکن دۄن ہفتہٕ لگتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2021&quot; /&gt;

عام ضمنی اثراتس مَنٛز چھ سونٛچنس مَنٛز دشوٲری، چکرٕ، تھکاوٹ، سوجن، جوڑن ہنٛز دگ تہٕ کھجلی شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2021&quot; /&gt; باقی مضر اثراتس مَنٛز چھ انافیلکسس برونکوپازم تہٕ دلٕچ ناکٲمی شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2021&quot; /&gt; حملس مَنٛز اِستِمال کرنہٕ سٟتؠ ہیٚکہ بچس مَنٛز دلٕچ شرح سست گژھتھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Pindolol (Visken) Use During Pregnancy|url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/pindolol.html|website=Drugs.com|access-date=28 October 2021|language=en|archive-date=7 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807200736/https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/pindolol.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ اَکھ غٲر منتخب [[بیٹا بلاکر]]&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2021&quot; /&gt;

پنڈولول آو 1982 مَنٛز ریاستہائے متحدس مَنٛز طبی اِستِمال خٲطرٕ منظور کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2021&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھ [[عام دوا۔]] کس طورس پیٚٹھ دستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF81&quot; /&gt; برطانیہس مَنٛز چھ 5 ایم جی ہٕک 100 ٹیبلٹن ہنز قٟمَتھ 2021 ہس تام تَقریٖبَن £8۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF81&quot; /&gt; ریاستہائے متحدس مَنٛز چھ یہٕ رقم تَقریٖبَن 40 امریکی ڈالر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Pindolol Prices, Coupons &amp; Savings Tips - GoodRx|url=https://www.goodrx.com/pindolol?dosage=5mg&amp;form=tablet&amp;label_override=pindolol&amp;quantity=100&amp;sort_type=popularity|website=GoodRx|access-date=28 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="3794" sha1="mzqjmtzrr8cvyjyoftr21ojse2xtfqn" xml:space="preserve">نورایپینیفرین، یَتھ '''نوراڈرینالین''' تہِ ونان چھِ، چھُ اَکھ دَوا یُس واریاہ [[کم خوٗنُک دباو|کم بلڈ پریشر]] وٲلؠ لوٗکن ہنٛد علاج خٲطرٕ اِستِمال چھ [[دَوا|دوا۔]] کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Norepinephrine Bitartrate|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/norepinephrine-bitartrate.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=26 March 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326230032/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/norepinephrine-bitartrate.html|archive-date=26 March 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ [[سیپسِس|سیپسس]] مَنٛز اِستِمال گژھَن وول عام دَوا اگر نہٕ [[کم خوٗنُک دباو|کم بلڈ پریشر]] رگن مَنٛز سیال دِنہٕ پتہٕ بہتر گژھِنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھ رگن مَنٛز سُست انجیکشن کہ ذریعہٕ یوان دنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt;

عام ضمنی اثراتس مَنٛز چھ کَلہٕ دود، دلٕچ رفتارٕ سست تہٕ [[پریشان۔|اضطراب۔]] شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt; باقی مضر اثراتن مَنٛز چھ دلٕچ بے قاعدگی شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt; اگر یہِ تتھ جایہٕ پؠٹھ رگٕ نیبر چھ یوان دنہٕ، تہٕ نورپینفنائن ہیکہ اعضاء اسکیمیاک نتیجہٕ بنتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt; اگر رساو چھ گژھان تیلہٕ چھ متاثرہ علاقس مَنٛز فینٹولامینک اِستِمال نتائج بہتر بنٲوتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt; نورپینفنائن چھ الفا ایڈرینجک ریسیپٹرز باندھنہٕ تہٕ چالو کٔرِتھ کٲم کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt;

1946 مَنٛز آو ننورایپینیفرین دریافت کرنہٕ تہٕ 1950 مَنٛز آو ریاستہائے متحدس مَنٛز طبی اِستِمال خٲطرٕ منظور کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences|date=2014|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=9780123851581|page=224|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=hfjSVIWViRUC&amp;pg=RA1-PA224|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327165724/https://books.google.ca/books?id=hfjSVIWViRUC&amp;pg=RA1-PA224|archive-date=2017-03-27}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھُ [[عام دوا۔]] کس طورس پیٚٹھ دستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt; 2015 ہس تام [[[[ترقی پذیر دنیا]]]] مَنٛز تھوک قٟمَتھ چھ تَقریٖبَن 0.42 امریکی ڈالر فی ژؤر ملیگرامچ شیشہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Norepinephrine|url=http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=558&amp;searchYear=2015|website=mshpriceguide.org|access-date=26 March 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326230310/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=558&amp;searchYear=2015|archive-date=26 March 2017}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326230310/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=558&amp;searchYear=2015 |date=26 March 2017 }}&lt;/ref&gt; برطانیہس مَنٛز چھ اَمہِ رقمک خرچہٕ NHS یس مَنٛز تَقریٖبَ 4.4 پاؤنڈ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF69&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=British national formulary : BNF 69|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf69britishnati0000unse|date=2015|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=9780857111562|page=[https://archive.org/details/bnf69britishnati0000unse/page/145 145]|edition=69}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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    <title>ٹایپ 2 ذیابیٖطٔس</title>
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      <comment>Add 2 books for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="14427" sha1="qzodrq15dxwvyam3593mo7yeoelo2s3" xml:space="preserve">{{طِبی حالَتھ معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ|name=|synonym=Diabetes mellitus type 2;&lt;br&gt;adult-onset diabetes;&lt;ref name=WHO2015&gt;{{cite web|title=Diabetes Fact sheet N°312 |url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs312/en/ |website=World Health Organization |access-date=2012-01-09 |date=August 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130826174444/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs312/en/  |archive-date=26 August 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt;noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)|image=Blue circle for diabetes.svg|image_size=300px|image_thumbtime=|alt=|caption=Universal blue circle symbol for diabetes&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Diabetes Blue Circle Symbol| url=http://www.diabetesbluecircle.org| date=17 March 2006| publisher=International Diabetes Federation |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 August 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070805042346/http://www.diabetesbluecircle.org/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;|pronounce={{IPAc-en|d|aɪ|ə|b|iː|t|ə|s}}|specialty=[[Endocrinology]]|symptoms=[[polydipsia|Increased thirst]], [[polyuria|frequent urination]], unexplained [[weight loss]], [[polyphagia|increased hunger]]&lt;ref name=NIH2014Diag/&gt;|complications=[[Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state]], [[diabetic ketoacidosis]], [[heart disease]], [[stroke]]s, [[diabetic retinopathy]], [[kidney failure]], [[amputation]]s&lt;ref name=WHO2015/&gt;&lt;ref name=Pas2014/&gt;&lt;ref name=Fas2008/&gt;|onset=Middle or older age&lt;ref name=NIH2014Cause/&gt;|duration=Long term&lt;ref name=NIH2014Cause/&gt;|types=|causes=[[Obesity]], lack of exercise, [[Heredity|genetics]]&lt;ref name=WHO2015/&gt;&lt;ref name=NIH2014Cause/&gt;|risks=|diagnosis=Blood test&lt;ref name=NIH2014Diag/&gt;|differential=|prevention=Maintaining normal weight, [[physical exercise|exercising]], eating properly&lt;ref name=WHO2015/&gt;|treatment=[[diabetic diet|Dietary changes]], [[metformin]], insulin, [[bariatric surgery]]&lt;ref name=WHO2015/&gt;&lt;ref name=Ann2016/&gt;&lt;ref name=Cet2015/&gt;&lt;ref name=Kre2005/&gt;|medication=|prognosis=10 year shorter [[life expectancy]]&lt;ref name=Will2011/&gt;|frequency=392 million (2015)&lt;ref name=GBD2015Pre/&gt;|deaths=}}

'''ٹائپ 2 [[ذیابیٖطٔس|ذیابطیس]]''' (T2D) یَتھ گوڈٕ بالغ شۆروٗع گژھن واجین ذیابیطسک ناو سٟتؠ چھ زاننہٕ یوان، چھ ذیابیطچ اَکھ شکل یۄسہٕ بلڈ شوگر، انسولین مزاحمت تہٕ انسولینچ نسبتن کمی سٟتؠ چھ خصوصیت تھاوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2014Cause&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Causes of Diabetes|url=http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/Diabetes/causes-diabetes/Pages/index.aspx|website=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases|access-date=10 February 2016|date=June 2014|url-status=live|archive-date=2 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202083725/http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/Diabetes/causes-diabetes/Pages/index.aspx}}&lt;/ref&gt; عام علاماتن مَنٛز چھ تریش مَنٛز اضافہٕ، بار بار پیشاب، تہٕ وزنک غٲر واضح کمی شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2014Diag&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Diagnosis of Diabetes and Prediabetes|url=http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/Diabetes/diagnosis-diabetes-prediabetes/Pages/index.aspx|website=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases|access-date=10 February 2016|date=June 2014|url-status=live|archive-date=6 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306174631/http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/Diabetes/diagnosis-diabetes-prediabetes/Pages/index.aspx}}&lt;/ref&gt; علامتن مَنٛز ہؠکن بۄچھہٕ مَنٛز اضافہٕ، تھکاوٹ محسوس کرٕنؠ تہٕ تم زخم تہ شٲمل ٲستھ یم نہٕ ٹھیک گژھن۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2014Diag&quot; /&gt; اکثر چھ علامتہٕ وارٕ وارٕ گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2014Cause&quot; /&gt; ہائی بلڈ شوگر سٟتؠ گژھن وٲل طویل مدتی پیچیدگین مَنٛز چھ دلٕدلٕچ بیماری۔ فالج، ذیابیطس ریٹینوپیتھی شٲمل یمن ہنٛد نتیجہٕ اندھ۔ پن، گردٕ فیل گژھن، تہٕ اعضاء مَنٛز خونک بہاؤ خراب ہیٚکہٕ ٲسِتھ یم کڑنک سبب چھ بنتھ۔ ہایپرسمولر ہایپرگلیسیمک حالتک اچانک آغاز ہیکہٕ ٲسِتھ تاہم، کیٹوایسیڈوسس چھ غأر معمولی۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Pas2014&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Pasquel FJ, Umpierrez GE|title=Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state: a historic review of the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment|journal=Diabetes Care|volume=37|issue=11|pages=3124–31|date=November 2014|pmid=25342831|pmc=4207202|doi=10.2337/dc14-0984}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Fas2008&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Fasanmade OA, Odeniyi IA, Ogbera AO|title=Diabetic ketoacidosis: diagnosis and management|journal=African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences|volume=37|issue=2|pages=99–105|date=June 2008|pmid=18939392}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ٹائپ 2 ذیابطیس چھ بنیٲدی طور [[موٹاپا۔|موچر]] تہٕ ورزش نہ آسن کہ وجہ سٟتؠ گژھان۔ &amp;nbsp;کیٚنٛہہ لوکن چھ [[نسبتن|جینیٲتی طور]] پٲنٹھ باقین ہیند مقابلس مَنٛز زیٛادٕ خطرٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2014Cause&quot; /&gt; [[ذیابیٖطٔس|ذیابطیس]] تَقریٖبَن 90% فیصد چھ ذیابطیس کہ وجہ سٟتؠ آسان، باقی 10% چھ بنیٲدی طورس پؠٹھ ٹائپ 1 ذیابطیس تہٕ حمل کہ دوران ذیابطیسٕچ وجہ سٟتؠ گژھان۔ ٹائپ 1 ذیابیطسس مَنٛز چھ خونس مَنٛز گلوکوز کنٹرول کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ انسولینچ کل سطح کم آسان، [[لَبلَبہٕ|پینکریاز]] مَنٛز انسولین تیار کرن وٲل [[بیٹا سیل]] ہنٛد آٹومیمون سٟتؠ گژھن وٲل نقصانچ وجہ سٟتؠ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|editor-last=MacKay|editor-first=Ian|editor-last2=Rose|editor-first2=Noel|title=The Autoimmune Diseases|url=https://archive.org/details/autoimmunediseas0000unse_s7v0|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-123-84929-8|year=2014|page=[https://archive.org/details/autoimmunediseas0000unse_s7v0/page/575 575]|oclc=965646175}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Green2011&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|editor-last2=Shoback|editor-first=David G.|editor-last=Gardner|editor-first2=Dolores|title=Greenspan's basic &amp; clinical endocrinology|url=https://archive.org/details/greenspansbasicc0000unse|year=2011|publisher=McGraw-Hill Medical|location=New York|isbn=978-0-07-162243-1|chapter=Chapter 17: Pancreatic hormones &amp; diabetes mellitus|edition=9th|oclc=613429053}}&lt;/ref&gt; ذیابطیسٕچ تشخیص چھ خون کہ ٹیسٹو سٟتؠ گژھان یَتھ کٔنؠ ز فاسٹنگ پلازما گلوکوز اورل گلوکوز ٹالرنس ٹیسٹ، یا گلائکیٹڈ ہیموگلوبن (A1C) ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2014Diag&quot; /&gt;

ٹایپ 2 ذیابطیس چھ عام وزن برقرار تھاونہٕ، باقٲعدٕ [[جِسمٲنی وَرزِش|ورزش]] کرنہٕ تہٕ صٔحیٖح طریقہٕ سٟتؠ کھنہٕ سٟتؠ واریہ حدس تام رکاونہٕ یوان۔ &amp;nbsp;علاجس مَنٛز چھ ورزش تہٕ غذاہس مَنٛز تبدیلی شٲمل۔ اگر نہٕ خونس مَنٛز شکرٕچ سطح کٲفی حدس تام کم کرنہٕ یی، تیلہٕ چھ عام طورس پؠٹھ میٹفارمین دواہٕچ تَجویٖز کرنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ann2016&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Maruthur NM, Tseng E, Hutfless S, Wilson LM, Suarez-Cuervo C, Berger Z, Chu Y, Iyoha E, Segal JB, Bolen S|title=Diabetes Medications as Monotherapy or Metformin-Based Combination Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|volume=164|issue=11|pages=740–51|date=June 2016|pmid=27088241|doi=10.7326/M15-2650}}&lt;/ref&gt; وارہٕن لوکن ہیکن ٲخر کار انسولین انجیکشنن ہنٛز ضرورت تییہٕ أستھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Kre2005&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Krentz AJ, Bailey CJ|title=Oral antidiabetic agents: current role in type 2 diabetes mellitus|journal=Drugs|volume=65|issue=3|pages=385–411|date=February 2005|pmid=15669880|doi=10.2165/00003495-200565030-00005}}&lt;/ref&gt; انسولین اِستِمال کرن والین چھ باقاعدگی سان بلڈ شوگرچ سطح چیک کرنٕچ صلاح دنہٕ یوان۔ تاہم، گولہٕ ننہٕ والؠن مَنٛز ہیٚکہ نہٕ یہِ ضروٗرت ٲستھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Malanda UL, Welschen LM, Riphagen II, Dekker JM, Nijpels G, Bot SD|title=Self-monitoring of blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are not using insulin|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|volume=1|pages=CD005060|date=January 2012|pmid=22258959|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD005060.pub3|url=https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/733717bc-2021-43dc-ad10-540cdca45380|access-date=2019-12-03|archive-date=2021-08-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827170604/https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/self-monitoring-of-blood-glucose-in-patients-with-type-2-diabetes|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; بیریٹرک سرجری چھ اکثر موٹے لوکن مَنٛز ذیابیطسس بہتر بناوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Cet2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Cetinkunar S, Erdem H, Aktimur R, Sozen S|title=Effect of bariatric surgery on humoral control of metabolic derangements in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: How it works|journal=World Journal of Clinical Cases|volume=3|issue=6|pages=504–9|date=June 2015|pmid=26090370|pmc=4468896|doi=10.12998/wjcc.v3.i6.504}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Ganguly S, Tan HC, Lee PC, Tham KW|title=Metabolic bariatric surgery and type 2 diabetes mellitus: an endocrinologist's perspective|journal=Journal of Biomedical Research|volume=29|issue=2|pages=105–11|date=April 2015|pmid=25859264|pmc=4389109|doi=10.7555/JBR.29.20140127}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ٹائپ 2 ذیابیطسک شرح چھ موٹاپتس سٟتؠ متوازی 1960 پیٹھہٕ نمایاں پانٹھ بڑھیمت۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Moscou|first=Susan|chapter=Getting the word out: advocacy, social marketing, and policy development and enforcement|editor-last2=Lewenson|editor-first=Marie|editor-last=Truglio-Londrigan|editor-first2=Sandra B.|title=Public health nursing: practicing population-based care|date=2013|publisher=Jones &amp; Bartlett Learning|location=Burlington, MA|isbn=978-1-4496-4660-8|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=kgA8xfbxIRwC&amp;pg=PA317 317]|edition=2nd|oclc=758391750}}&lt;/ref&gt; &amp;nbsp;2015 ہس تام ٲس تَقریٖبَن 392 ملین افرادن 1985 ہس مَنٛز تَقریٖبَن 30 ملین افرادن ہند مقابلس مَنٛز اَتھ بیمار ہنز تشخیص گٲمٕژ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;GBD2015Pre&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, etal|title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10053|pages=1545–1602|date=October 2016|pmid=27733282|pmc=5055577|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Epi2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Smyth S, Heron A|title=Diabetes and obesity: the twin epidemics|journal=Nature Medicine|volume=12|issue=1|pages=75–80|date=January 2006|pmid=16397575|doi=10.1038/nm0106-75}}&lt;/ref&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;عام طور چھ یہِ درمیانی یا بٔڑس وٲنٛسہ مَنٛز شۆروٗع گژھان، حالانکہ نوجوان لوکن مَنٛز چھ ٹائپ 2 ذیابیطسک شرح بڑان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NIH2014Cause&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Tfayli H, Arslanian S|title=Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus in youth: the evolving chameleon|journal=Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia e Metabologia|volume=53|issue=2|pages=165–74|date=March 2009|pmid=19466209|pmc=2846552|doi=10.1590/s0004-27302009000200008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Imperatore G, Boyle JP, Thompson TJ, Case D, Dabelea D, Hamman RF, Lawrence JM, Liese AD, Liu LL, Mayer-Davis EJ, Rodriguez BL, Standiford D|title=Projections of type 1 and type 2 diabetes burden in the U.S. population aged &lt;20 years through 2050: dynamic modeling of incidence, mortality, and population growth|journal=Diabetes Care|volume=35|issue=12|pages=2515–20|date=December 2012|pmid=23173134|pmc=3507562|doi=10.2337/dc12-0669|url=http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/35/12/2515|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814110408/http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/35/12/2515|url-status=live|archive-date=2016-08-14}}&lt;/ref&gt; ٹائپ 2 ذیابطیسک تعلق چھ دہن ورین ہنٛد کم عمرک توقعس سٟتؠ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Will2011&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|editor-first=Shlomo|editor-last=Melmed|editor-first2=Kenneth S.|editor-last2=Polonsky|editor-first3=P. Reed|editor-last3=Larsen|editor-first4=Henry M.|editor-last4=Kronenberg|title=Williams textbook of endocrinology.|publisher=Elsevier/Saunders|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-1-4377-0324-5|pages=1371–1435|edition=12th|year=2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ذیابطیس اوس بیان کرنہٕ آمٕتؠ گوڈنکین بیمارن مَنٛز اَکھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Rip2011&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|chapter=Diabetes|last2=Ripoll|first=Brian C.|last=Leutholtz|first2=Ignacio|title=Exercise and disease management|publisher=CRC Press|location=Boca Raton|isbn=978-1-4398-2759-8|pages=25|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eAn9-bm_pi8C&amp;pg=PA25|edition=2nd|date=2011|oclc=725919496|access-date=2016-03-13|archive-date=2020-08-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808163556/https://books.google.com/books?id=eAn9-bm_pi8C&amp;pg=PA25|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; بیمار مَنٛز انسولینچ اہمیتک تعین گو 1920 ہن مَنٛز کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Zaccardi F, Webb DR, Yates T, Davies MJ|title=Pathophysiology of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a 90-year perspective|journal=Postgraduate Medical Journal|volume=92|issue=1084|pages=63–9|date=February 2016|pmid=26621825|doi=10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133281}}&lt;/ref&gt;

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'''ہان کانٛگ''' (کورین: 한강) چھِ اَکھ [[جۆنوٗبی کۄرِیا|جنوٗبی کوریائی]] لکھٲر۔ سۄ چھےٚ [[ناول]] [[دی ویجیٹیریَن]] خٲطرٕ مشہوٗر، یَتھ مَنٛز زنانہٕ سٕنٛز ذہنی بؠمأرؠ تہٕ أمؠ سٕنٛدس خانٛدانس مَنٛز نظر انداز گژھنٕچ نشاندہی چھےٚ کرنہٕ آمٕژ۔ 2016 ہس مَنٛز بنیوو یہِ [[کوریٲیی زبان|کورین زبانک]] گۄڑنیٛک ناول ییٚمؠ فکشن باپتھ بین الاقوٲمی کِتاب یَنام زیوٗن۔ 2024 مَنٛز بَنے ہان گۄڑنچ جۆنوٗبی کوریائی مصنف تہٕ [[اَدَب|ادبک]] [[نوبَل یَنام|نوبل انعام]] زینن واجیٚنہ گۄڑنچ ایشیائی خاتون مُصنف۔


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'''صَفَہ کٔدٕل''' [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] ہندوستان کس شَہَر سِریٖنَگرس مَنٛز  اَکھ پرون ہمساے۔   {{IPA|ks|safaː kədɨl}}جھلم دٔریاو چھ صَفَہ کٔدٕلس تل وسان یُس [[Saif Khan|سیف خان]] مغل بادشاہ اورنٛگ زیب سٕنٛدس دور حکومتس مَنٛز بنوومٗت اوس۔  علاقک اَکھ اہم ہینٛد مَندَر، رام مندر، آو جَنؤری 2022 ہس مَنٛز مرمت کرنہٕ۔ یُس ۱۹۹۰ مَنٛز تباہ اوس کرنہٕ آمُت ۔ &lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=[[Rahul Pandita]]|last2=Ashish Sharma|date=2019-10-11|title=The Valley of Abandoned Gods|url=https://openthemagazine.com/cover-story/the-valley-of-abandoned-gods/|access-date=2022-01-30|website=Open The Magazine}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=3 January 2022|title=Proposal For Restoration Of Five Heritage Buildings Finalised: Govt|url=https://kashmirobserver.net/2022/01/03/proposal-for-restoration-of-five-heritage-buildings-finalised-govt/|access-date=2022-01-30|website=Kashmir Observer}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Gigoo|first=Siddhartha|date=28 November 2021|title=Kashmiri Pandits and the temples they left behind|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/sunday-times/kashmiri-pandits-and-the-temples-they-left-behind/articleshow/87952647.cms|access-date=2022-01-30|website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{Bridges of Srinagar}}

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ]]</text>
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'''جنٛگلٕؠ [[سور]]''' چھ یوریشیا تہٕ شمالی افریقا زیٛادٕ تر حصہٕ وألن ہنٛد مُقٲمی [[سؤڈے]] تہٕ یہٕ چھ امریکہ تہٕ [[اوشیانا]] ہس مَنٛز متعارف کراونہٕ آمُت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;heptner1988&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Heptner|first=V. G.|url=https://archive.org/stream/mammalsofsovietu11988gept#page/18/mode/2up|title=Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza. Moskva: Vysšaia Škola.|last2=Nasimovich|first2=A. A.|last3=Bannikov|first3=A. G.|last4=Hoffman|first4=R. S.|publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution Libraries]] and [[National Science Foundation]]|year=1988|volume=I|location=[[Washington, D.C.]]|pages=19–82|trans-title=Mammals of the Soviet Union}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;oliver1993&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Oliver|first=W. L. R.|title=Pigs, Peccaries, and Hippos – 1993 Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan|url=https://archive.org/details/pigspeccarieship0000unse|publisher=IUCN SSC Pigs and Peccaries Specialist Group|year=1993|isbn=2-8317-0141-4|editor-last=Oliver|editor-first=W. L. R.|pages=112–121|chapter=The Common Wild Pig (''Sus scrofa'')|display-authors=etal}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758|url=https://www.mammaldiversity.org/explore.html#genus=SUS&amp;species=scrofa&amp;id=1006377|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028140029/https://www.mammaldiversity.org/explore.html#genus=SUS&amp;species=scrofa&amp;id=1006377|archive-date=28 October 2020|access-date=2022-12-07|website=mammaldiversity.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ انواع چھ ؤنؠ دنیاہک سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ بھڑن ممالیہ جانورن مَنٛز اَکھ، تہٕ سٟتؠ چھ سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ وسیع سویفارم۔&lt;ref name=&quot;oliver1993&quot; /&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>وارفرین</title>
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      <text bytes="7791" sha1="ogc1sekcxmd6nw4o24pftcwiypteyd8" xml:space="preserve">'''وارفرین''' یس باقین درمیان '''کومڈان''' برانڈ ناوس تحت کٕنٛنہٕ چھ یوان، چھ اَکھ دَوا یس اینٹی کوگولنٹ (خون پتلا) کس طورس پیٚٹھ اِستِمال گژھان چھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Warfarin Sodium|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/warfarin-sodium.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143838/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/warfarin-sodium.html|archive-date=12 June 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھُ عام طور پٲٹھؠ خونک جمنک علاج کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ یَتھ کٔنؠ ز سرٛن رگ تھرومبوسس تہٕ پلمونری امبولزم تہٕ تمن لوکن مَنٛز چھ فالج رکاونہٕ خٲطرٕ یمن ایٹریل فائبرلیشن، والوولر ہشر۔ بیماری یا مصنوعی دل والوز چھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt; کنہہ ساتہٕ چھ یہِ ایس ٹی سیگمنٹ ایلیویشن مایوکارڈیل انفکشن (STEMI) تہٕ آرتھوپیڈک سرجری پتہٕ اِستِمال گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھُ عام طور پٲٹھؠ ٲس کِن ننہٕ یوان، مگر رگن مَنٛز چھ انجیکشن کہ ذریعہٕ تہٕ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt;

عام ضمنی اثر چھ خون یُن۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt; کم ضمنی اثراتس مَنٛز چھ ٹشو نقصان تہٕ جامنی رنگک انگجہ ہنٛد سنڈرومک شأمل ٲستھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt; [[حَمَل|حَمَلس]] دوران چُھنہٕ استعمالٕچ سفارش کرنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt; یہٕ چھُ تجویز کرنہٕ یوان ز وارفرینک اثرات چھُ عام طور پروتھرومبن ٹائمچ (INR) ہر اکہِ پؠٹھ ژون ہفتن تام جانچ کٔرِتھ نگرٲنی یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt; واریاہ باقٕے دَوا تہٕ غذائی عوامل ہیٚکن وارفرین سٟتؠ تعامل کٔرِتھ، یا تہٕ امکس تٲثیرس بڑھاو یا کم کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ag2012&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Ageno W, Gallus AS, Wittkowsky A, Crowther M, Hylek EM, Palareti G|title=Oral anticoagulant therapy: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines|journal=Chest|volume=141|issue=2 Suppl|pages=e44S–e88S|date=February 2012|pmid=22315269|pmc=3278051|doi=10.1378/chest.11-2292}}&lt;/ref&gt; وارفرینک اثرات ہیٚکن فائٹومینیڈیون (وٹامن K&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) تازہ منجمد پلازما یا پروتھرومبن کمپلیکس کنسنٹریٹ سٟتؠ الٹتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ag2012&quot; /&gt;

وارفرین چھُ وٹامن K ایپوکسائڈ ریڈکٹیز نٲمی اینزائم بُلاک کٔرِتھ خونک جَمُن کم کران یُس وٹامن k&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; چھُ دوبارٕ چالو کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ag2012&quot; /&gt; کٲفی فعال وٹامن K&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; ورٲیہ، جمنٕک عوامل II، VII، IX، تہٕ X چھ جمنٕچ صلٲحیت کم کٔرمٕژ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ag2012&quot; /&gt; اینٹی کلاٹنگ پروٹین C تہٕ پروٹین ایس تہ چھ رکاونہٕ یوان، مگر کم حدس تام۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ag2012&quot; /&gt; مکمل اثر گژھنہٕ خٲطرٕ چھ کینٛہہ دۄہ درکار آسان، تہٕ یم اثرات ہیکن پانژوٚدن تام جٲری روزتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Arcangelo|first=Virginia Poole|last2=Peterson|first2=Andrew M.|title=Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice: A Practical Approach|date=2006|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|isbn=978-0-7817-5784-3|page=774|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EaP1yJz4fkEC&amp;pg=PA774|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918185711/https://books.google.com/books?id=EaP1yJz4fkEC&amp;pg=PA774|archive-date=18 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

وارفرین آو گۄڈنچہ لَٹہٕ 1948 مَنٛز گَگُر زہرس  پیٚٹھ تجارتی استعمالس مَنٛز۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ravina|first=Enrique|title=The Evolution of Drug Discovery: From Traditional Medicines to Modern Drugs|date=2011|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|isbn=978-3-527-32669-3|page=148|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iDNy0XxGqT8C&amp;pg=PA148|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918185711/https://books.google.com/books?id=iDNy0XxGqT8C&amp;pg=PA148|archive-date=18 September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; 1954 تس مَنٛز آو یہٕ ریاستہائے متحدہ امریکہس مَنٛز طِبی اِستِمال خٲطرٕ منظور کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2017&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھُ ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنائزیشنس (ڈبلیو ایچ او) ضۆروٗری ادویاتک فہرستس مَنٛز شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO21st&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|title=World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019|year=2019|hdl=10665/325771|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|id=WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO|hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; وارفرین چھُ [[عام دوا]] طورس پیٚٹھ دستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF69&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=British national formulary|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf69britishnati0000unse|work=BNF 69|date=2015|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=978-0-85711-156-2|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bnf69britishnati0000unse/page/154 154]–155|edition=69}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[ترقی پذیر دنیا]] مَنٛز چھ علاجک عام رؠتہٕ خٲطرٕ تھوک خرچہٕ تَقریٖبَن 1.12 پیٹھہٕ 7.20 امریکی ڈالر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ERC2014&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Warfarin Sodium|url=http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=846&amp;searchYear=2014|website=International Drug Price Indicator Guide|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122072024/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=846&amp;searchYear=2014|archive-date=22 January 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ریاستہائے متحدس مَنٛز چھ امیک خرچہٕ عام طور پٲنٹھ فی رؠتہٕ $25 کھوتہٕ کم آسان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ric2015&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Hamilton|first=Richart|title=Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition|date=2015|publisher=Jones &amp; Bartlett Learning|isbn=978-1-284-05756-0|page=289}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2017 مَنٛز، اوس یہِ ریاستہائے متحدس مَنٛز 51 ہم سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ عام طور پٲنٹھ تجویز کرنہٕ آمت دَوا، یَتھ مَنٛز 15 ملین کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ نسخہٕ ٲس آمت دینہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ref&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=The Top 300 of 2020|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|website=ClinCalc|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=18 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318234059/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Warfarin - Drug Usage Statistics|website=ClinCalc|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Warfarin|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=13 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413034226/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Warfarin|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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    <title>آکسی کوڈون</title>
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'''آکسی کوڈون''' یُس باقین مَنٛز آکسی کانٹن برانڈ ناوس تحت کٕنٛنہٕ چھُ یوان، چھُ اَکھ اوپییوڈ دَوا یُس درمِیٲنؠ پؠٹھ شٔدیٖد دگہ کہ یَلاج خٲطرٕ اِستِمال چھُ یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Oxycodone Monograph for Professionals|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/oxycodone.html|website=Drugs.com|publisher=AHFS|access-date=28 December 2018|archive-date=28 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181228174726/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/oxycodone.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھُ عام طور پٲٹھؠ ٲس کِن ننہٕ یوان، تہٕ یہِ چھُ فوری طور جٲری کرنہٕ تہٕ کنٹرول کرنہٕ آمت جٲری کرنہٕ آمتین فارمولیشنن مَنٛز دٔستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; دگہِ نِش راحتٕچ شروعات چھِ عام طور 15 منٹن اندر شۆروٗع گژھان تہٕ فوری طور جٲری گژھن واجنہ فارمولیشن سٟتؠ چھ شیٚن گھنٹن تام روزان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; برطانیہس مَنٛز، چھُ یہٕ انجیکشن کہ ذریعہ دٔستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF74&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=British national formulary : BNF 74|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf74september200000join|date=2017|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=978-0857112989|page=[https://archive.org/details/bnf74september200000join/page/442 442]|edition=74}}&lt;/ref&gt; امتزاج مصنوعات مِلٲوِتھ چیٖز چھِ پیراسیٹامول (ایسیٹامینوفین)، آیبوپروفین، نالوکسون، تہٕ ایسپریٖن سٟتؠ تہِ دٔستِیاب۔۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt;

عام ضمنی اثراتس مَنٛز چھُ [[قَبٕض|قبض]]، اُلٹی باسُن، نِندرِ مَنٛز کمی، چکرٕ، کَشُن، ہوٚکھ ٲس، تہٕ [[عأرَق|عٲرَق]] شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; شٔدیٖد مضر اثراتس مَنٛز ہیٚکہ نشٲنی، تنفسٕچ افسردگی (شاہس مَنٛز کٔمی تہٕ[[کم خوٗنُک دباو|کم بلڈ پریشر]] کم گژھن شٲمل ٲستھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; یم کوڈینس سٟتؠ الرجی چھ آسان تمن چھِ آکسی کوڈونس سٟتؠ تہٕ الرجی ٲستھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; ابتدیی حَمَلس مَنٛز چھُ آکسی کوڈونک اِستِمال نسبتا مۄحفوٗظ نظر یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; اگر تیزی سان رکاونہٕ ییہٕ تیلہٕ ہیکہ اوپییوڈ واپسی ننک عمل گژھتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; آکسی کوڈون چھ μ-μ-opioid ریسیپٹر چالو کٔرِتھ کٲم کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;TalleyFrankum2015&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Nicholas J Talley|last2=Brad Frankum|last3=David Currow|title=Essentials of Internal Medicine 3e|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Zq9BwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA491|date=10 February 2015|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0-7295-8081-6|pages=491–|access-date=5 August 2020|archive-date=3 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803114730/https://books.google.com/books?id=0Zq9BwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA491|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ییٚلہ یہِ ٲس کہ ذریعہ چھُ یوان ننہٕ تہٕ ایمیوک اثر چھُ [[مورفین]] کہ مساوی مقدارٕ کھۄتہٕ تَقریٖبَن 1.5 گنا زیٛادٕ آسان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|title=Stanford School of Medicine, Palliative Care, Opioid Conversion / Equivalency Table|url=https://palliative.stanford.edu/opioid-conversion/equivalency-table/|date=2013-04-20|journal=|access-date=2020-08-05|archive-date=2020-09-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200909012800/https://palliative.stanford.edu/opioid-conversion/equivalency-table/|url-status=live}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200909012800/https://palliative.stanford.edu/opioid-conversion/equivalency-table/ |date=2020-09-09 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

آکسی کوڈون اوس گۄڈنُیٛک لٹہٕ [[جَرمَنی|جرمنی]] مَنٛز 1916 مَنٛز تھیبین سٟتؠ بناونہٕ آمُت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Oxysynthesis2005&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Sneader, W.|title=Drug discovery: a history|url=https://archive.org/details/drugdiscoveryhis0000snea|publisher=Wiley|year=2005|location=Hoboken, NJ|page=[https://archive.org/details/drugdiscoveryhis0000snea/page/119 119]|isbn=978-0-471-89980-8}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھُ ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنایزیشنس (ڈبلیو ایچ او) کہ ضۆروٗری ادویات کس فہرستس مَنٛز مورفین کہ متبادل کس طورس پؠٹھ شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO23rd&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|title=The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023)|year=2023|hdl=10665/371090|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|id=WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02|hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ [[عام دوا]] کس طورس پیٚٹھ دستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; ریاستہاے متحدہس مَنٛز، فی ڈوزٕچ تھوک قٟمَتھ چھ 2018 ہس تام 0.30 امریکی ڈالر کھۄتہٕ کم۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ref&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=NADAC as of 2018-12-19|url=https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2018-12-19/g7bs-ahj4|website=Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services|access-date=22 December 2018|language=en|archive-date=2018-12-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219230344/https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2018-12-19/g7bs-ahj4|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219230344/https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2018-12-19/g7bs-ahj4 |date=2018-12-19 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 2017 مَنٛز، اوس یہِ ریاستہاے متحدس مَنٛز 52 ہم سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ عام طور پٲنٹھ تَجویٖز کرنہٕ آمت دَوا، یَتھ مَنٛز 15 ملین کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ نسخہٕ ٲس آمت دینہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=The Top 300 of 2020|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|website=ClinCalc|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=12 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210212142534/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ref2&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Oxycodone - Drug Usage Statistics|website=ClinCalc|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Oxycodone|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=11 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411201148/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Oxycodone|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; آکسی کوڈون چھ غلط استعمالک اَکھ عام دَوا۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Per2018&quot; /&gt; غلط استعمالس روکاونچ متعدد فارمولیشنز چھ دستیاب، ییتھ کیٛن زن نیلوکسونس سٟتؠ ملتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Per2018&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Pergolizzi JV|first=Jr|last2=Taylor R|first2=Jr|last3=LeQuang|first3=JA|last4=Raffa|first4=RB|title=Managing severe pain and abuse potential: the potential impact of a new abuse-deterrent formulation oxycodone/naltrexone extended-release product.|journal=Journal of Pain Research|date=2018|volume=11|pages=301–311|doi=10.2147/JPR.S127602|pmid=29445297|pmc=5810535}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Dart|first=RC|last2=Iwanicki|first2=JL|last3=Dasgupta|first3=N|last4=Cicero|first4=TJ|last5=Schnoll|first5=SH|title=Do abuse deterrent opioid formulations work?|journal=Journal of Opioid Management|date=2017|volume=13|issue=6|pages=365–378|doi=10.5055/jom.2017.0415|pmid=29308584}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]
[[زٲژ:دَوا]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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| group            = کٲشِرؠ بٹہٕ یا کٲشِرؠ ہینٛدؠ
| image            = Ancient Temple-Hari Parbat-2.JPG
| image_caption    = ہارِ پربتھ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]]
| population       = &lt;!--Must cite a reliable published source with a reputation for fact-checking. No blogs, no ethnic/religious sites.--&gt;
| langs            = '''Sacred language'''&lt;br/&gt;[[سَنَسکرٕٛت زَبان]]&lt;br/&gt;
'''Ethnic language'''&lt;br/&gt;[[کٲشِر زَبان]]&lt;br/&gt;
'''Other languages'''&lt;br/&gt;[[ہِندی زَبان]], [[اُردوٗ زَبان]], [[اَنٛگریٖزی زَبان ]]
| rels             = '''Majority'''&lt;br/&gt;Kashmir Shaivism&lt;br/&gt;
'''Minority'''&lt;br/&gt;Shaivism, Vaishnavism and shakistm
| related          = [[کٲشِرؠ لوٗکھ]], [[کٲشِرؠ مُسَلمان]]
}}

'''کٲشِرؠ بٹہٕ یا ہینٛدؠ''' چھِ نسلی [[کٲشِرؠ لوٗکھ|کٲشِرؠ]] یم [[ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم|ہندومت]] پؠٹھ عمل چھ کران تہٕ چھ [[ہِندوستان]] کس [[وادی کشمیر]] مقٲمی باشندٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ling2008&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ling|first=Huping|title=Emerging Voices: Experiences of Underrepresented Asian Americans|url=https://archive.org/details/emergingvoicesex0000unse|publisher=Rutgers University Press|year=2008|isbn=9780813543420|page=[https://archive.org/details/emergingvoicesex0000unse/page/126 126]|language=English|quote=Kashmiri Muslims represent the majority population in Kashmir Valley, while Kashmiri Hindus represent a small but significant minority community.}}&lt;/ref&gt; ہِندوستٲنؠ فلسفس مَنٛز تٔہنٛدین شِرکتن ہنٛدس حوالہٕ سٟتؠ کٔر کٲشِرؠ ہیندؠو [[کٲشِرؠ شِیٛومت]] رؠواج تیار۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Snedden2015&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Snedden|first=Christopher|title=Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris|date=15 September 2015|publisher=Hurst|isbn=9781849046220|page=39|language=English}}&lt;/ref&gt; 1990 کس دہلس مَنٛز کشمیرٕچ شورشہٕ کس تناظرس مَنٛز وادی کشمیر پؠٹھ [[کأشِر بَٹَن ہِنٛد جُلاے وطن|تمن ہنٛد ہجرت]] پتہٕ چھ زیٛادٕ تر کٲشِرؠ ہیٚنٛدؠ وۄنؠ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کس [[جۆم|جۆم حِصس]] تہٕ ملک کؠن باقٕیہ حِصن مَنٛز آباد۔ کٲشِرؠ ہینٛدؠن ہنٛد ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ بوٚڑ گرٛوپ چھ [[کٲشِرؠ پنٛڈِت]]۔

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>زِیارت نقش بنٛد صٲب</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="2954" sha1="3xn5sxe9eq40xuumn3jvxg7is604is5" xml:space="preserve">[[فَیِل:Ziyarat Naqshband Sahab Shrine.jpg|thumb|بٕتھیۆم طرف استانُک ]]

زِیارت نقش بنٛد صٲب، یُس [[سِریٖنَگَر]]، [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیرس]] مَنٛز واقعہٕ چھُ، چھُ اَکھ معزز استان یُس خواجہ باہَ الدین نقشبنٛد (1318–1389) خٲطرٕ وقف چھُ، یُس اَکھ اَہَم صوٗفی بُزرٕگ تہٕ نقشبنٛدی صوٗفی نِظامُک بٲنؠ چھُ۔ حالانٛکہِ خواجہ نقشبنٛدن کوٚر نہٕ پانہٕ زانٛہہ تہِ کٔشیٖرِ ہُنٛد دورٕ، مگر یہِ مزار چھُ أمؠ سٕنٛزِ تعٲلیمہِ تہٕ میراثٕچ یاد مناوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/69327348|title=Tarikh-i Hassan|first1=Ghulam Hasan|last1=Khuihami|first2=P. N|last2=Pushp|date=4 August 1954|publisher=Research &amp; Publ. Dpt., Jammu &amp; Kashmir Gov.|oclc=69327348 |via=Open WorldCat}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==تٲریٖخ==

مزار چہِ تٲریٖخ چھِ أمہِ سٕنٛدیٚن مُریٖدن ہِنٛدِس روٗحٲنی اثرس سۭتؠ نزدیٖکی تعلُق تھاوان، خاص کٔرِتھ کٔشیٖرِ مَنٛز نقشبنٛدی صوٗفی ترتیٖب پھٔہلنس مَنٛز۔ یہِ آو مۄغلن ہنٛدِس دورس مَنٛز تمہِ وِزِ قٲیِم كرنہٕ ییٚلہِ یہِ علاقہٕ صوٗفی ثقافتُک مرکز بنیٛوو ۔ اَتھ مزار مَنٛز چھِ 17ہِمہِ صٔدی ہِنٛدِس أکِس صوفیانہٕ خواجہ خواننٛد محموٗد سٕنٛز قبر تہِ ییٚمؠ وادی مَنٛز نقشبنٛدی ہٕنٛز تعلیماتٕچ تشہیر کٔر۔

زِیارت نقشبنٛد صٲب چھِ کٔشیٖرِ مَنٛز ثقٲفتی تہٕ روٗحٲنی اہمیت تھاوان۔ اَمیِچ اَکھ خاص رٮ۪وایت چھِ خَتمہِ شریٖف مناوُن، اَکھ فِرقہٕ وارانہٕ دُعایہِ ہُنٛد اِجلاس یَتھ مَنٛز اکثر بٔڑؠ اجتماع شٲمِل چھِ گژھان۔ استانُک صحن چھُ تٲریٖخی طور اِسلٲمی تہوارَن دوران قُرآن تہٕ اجتماعَن ہٕنٛز سالانہٕ عوٲمی تِلاوت ہٕنٛز میزبٲنی کرنہٕ باپتھ تہِ قٲبلہِ ذِکِر، یُس [[کٲشِرؠ مُسَلمان]] روٗحٲنیتَس مَنٛز امیُک مرکٔزی کِردار ظٲہِر چھُ کران۔

==تصویٖر خانہٕ==
&lt;gallery widths=&quot;300px&quot; heights=&quot;220px&quot;&gt;
Inside Shrine Art.JPG|پیپر مٲشی کٲم أندرٕ استانس مَنٛز کٔرِتھ
Inside Shrine.JPG|معزز جاے استانٕچ
Martyrs Graveyard.JPG|شَہیٖد ملگُزار  13 جُلَے 1931 ہس مَنٛز شَہیٖدَن ہُینٛد 
&lt;/gallery&gt;
== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="12421" sha1="1m3zmcrgx6ousttfk4u596kz2x6s1fs" xml:space="preserve">{{معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ واقع|title=(1931 کشمیٖر تٔحریٖک) 1931 Kashmir agitation|image=Sheikh Abdullah with other leaders of 1931 agitation.1931Photo.JPG|image_size=&lt;!-- |image_upright= is preferred for most cases, see WP:IMGSIZE --&gt;|image_upright=|image_alt=Six men: four seated and two standing|caption=سردار گوہر رحمان، مستری یعقوب علی، شیخ عبداللہ تہٕ چودھری غلام عباس تہٕ غلام حسین راتھر'' (کھڑا ):'' مولوی عبدالرحیم '' (دٔچُھن)'' تہٕ غلام نبی گلکر|native_name=1931 کٔشیٖر ہِنٛز تٔحریٖک|native_name_lang=Ks|English_name=|time=|duration=|date={{start date|1931|07|13|df=yes}}|venue=|Location=سیٚنٹرل جیل ، [[سِریٖنَگَر]]|coordinates=&lt;!-- {{coord|LAT|LON|region:XXXX_type:event|display=inline,title}} --&gt;|also_known_as=|type=تٔحریٖک|theme=|cause=ڈوگرہ پولیس اہلکار سٕنٛدِ طرفہٕ قرآنٕچ مُبیعنہٕ بے حرمتی&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author=Christopher Snedden|title=Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a19eCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT128|year=2015|publisher=Hurst|isbn=978-1-84904-622-0|page=128|access-date=11 August 2020|archive-date=15 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915104008/https://books.google.com/books?id=a19eCwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT128#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;|motive=|target=|first_reporter=|budget=|patron=&lt;!-- or |patrons= --&gt;|organisers=&lt;!-- or |organizers= --&gt;|filmed_by=|participants=|outcome=ہری سِنگھس مدتھ دِنہٕ تہٕ امن و امان بحال کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ سوزنہٕ آمٕتہِ 500 فوجی|casualties1=|casualties2=|casualties3=|reported deaths=25 (یَتھ منٛز 22 مُسلمان شٲمِل چھِ یِم پُلیٖس چہِ گولہِ بٔنٛدی منٛز ہلاک تہٕ 3 ہیٚنٛدۍ فسادَن منٛز مارنہٕ آیہِ)|reported injuries=|reported missing=|reported property damage=|burial=|inquiries=|inquest=|coroner=|arrests=|suspects=|accused=|convicted=|charges=|trial=|verdict=|convictions=|sentence=|publication_bans=|litigation=|awards=|blank_label=&lt;!-- or |blank_data= --&gt;|blank1_label=&lt;!-- or |blank1_data= --&gt;|blank2_label=&lt;!-- or |blank2_data= --&gt;|website=&lt;!-- {{URL|example.com}} --&gt;|notes=}}

[[بَرطٲنوی ہِند|برطانوی راج]] مَنٛز گٔیہ پوٗرٕ رِیاسَتھ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (شاہزٲدؠ رِیاسَتھ)|جموں و کشمیر]] مَنٛز 1931 تھس مَنٛز مہاراجہ سٕنٛدس حکوٗمتس خَلاف بٔڑس پیمانس پؠٹھ احتجاج۔ مہاراجہ آو مجبوٗر کرنہٕ ز سہ کر عوام کؠن خدشاتن ہِنٛز چھان بیٖن کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ گلینسی کمیشن مقُرر۔ مختٔلف سیٲسی اصلاح آیہ اختیار کرنہٕ یَتھ مَنٛز جموں و کشمیر پرٛجا سبھا (قانون ساز اسمبلی) شٲمل۔ اَتھ تٔحریٖکہ مَنٛز اوس [[شيخ عبدالله|شیخ محمد عبداللہ]] بطور کٲشرؠن ہنٛد رہنما تہ ابھرنہٕ آمت۔ اَتھ تٔحریٖکس آو کینٛہہ اصل پٲٹھؠ بنن وٲلؠ مُسلمان زیلدارن تہٕ کاربٲری ہاؤسن ہٕنٛد ذٔریع مٲلی امداد دنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Beg|first=Dr Mirza Ashraf|date=2014-03-14|title=Land to the tiller|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/opinion/land-to-the-tiller|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126153708/https://www.greaterkashmir.com/opinion/land-to-the-tiller|archive-date=26 January 2022|website=Greater Kashmir}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== واقعات ==
13 جُلَے 1931 [[دۄہ]] آیہ ساسہٕ بٔدؠ کٲشِرؠ عبدالقدیر سنٛد مقدمہٕ وٕچھنہٕ خٲطرٕ سریٖنگر کس مرکزی جیلس مَنٛز جمع۔ ییٚلہ زن [[پیٚشِن نؠماز|پیٚشُن نمازک]] وَقٕت نزدیٖک آو، اَکھ [[کٲشِر زَبان|کٲشُر]] ووت [[بانٛگ]] دنہٕ خٲطرٕ۔ [[ڈوٗگٕر راج|ڈوٗگرؠ]] گورنر، رائزادا تارتیلوک چندن دیت پننؠن سِپاہن تِمن پؠٹھ گولِہ چلاونُک حُکُم، یَتھ مَنٛز 22 کٲشِرؠ مارنہٕ آیہ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; لوٗکھ تُلؠ  مۄردٕ  مہاراج گنٛج، سریٖنگر چہ سڑکن مَنٛز ڈوٗگرؠ راجِچ ظُلمٕچ مُخالفت کران نعرن  ہنٛدٕ ذٔریعہٕ۔ اَمہِ واقعہٕ سٟتؠ گٔیہ رِیاست دۆکھہٕ زد  تہٕ ہفتس تام آو ماتم مناونہٕ۔ سریٖنگر، [[راوَل پِنڈی]] تہٕ [[جۆم|جَمِس]] درمیان آیہ 13 پیٹھہٕ 26 جُلَے تام ٹرٛیفِک رُکاونہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://nation.com.pk/national/14-Jul-2015/kashmir-martyrs-day-observed|title=Kashmir Martyrs Day observed|date=14 July 2015|journal=[[The Nation (Pakistan)|The Nation]]|accessdate=13 April 2020|archivedate=29 November 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161129144531/http://nation.com.pk/national/14-Jul-2015/kashmir-martyrs-day-observed}}&lt;/ref&gt; کینٛہہ ہیٚنٛدؠ دُکاندارو کٔٔر ماتم مناوَن والؠن ہُینٛد مذاق ییٚمہ سٟتؠ تشدد بڑیو تہٕ موقع پرستو لوٗٹھؠ وان، احتجاج گوٚو تیز۔ ہینٛدوو خٕلاف ہنگامہٕ گٔیہ شروٗع، ییٚمہ کس نٔتیٖجس مَنٛز ترٛے ہیٚنٛدؠ ہلاک، واریاہ زخمی تہٕ ہیٚنٛدؠ ملکیت وٲلؠ وان لوٗٹِک۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Devaraju Nagarjun|title=Clash of Identities Ethnic Conflict of Kashmir Dispute|publisher=University of California|year=2015|page=6}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Rekha Chowdhary|title=Jammu and Kashmir: Politics of Identity and Separatism|publisher=Routledge|year=2004|page=30}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ہینٛدو دیُت جواب، ییٚمہ کہ وجہ سٟتؠ دۄشوٕنی جمٲژن درمیان مزیٖد جھڑپہٕ گٔیہ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kwasi Kwarteng|title=Ghosts of Empire: Britain's Legacies in the Modern World|url=https://archive.org/details/ghostsofempirebr00kwas|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|year=2011|page=[https://archive.org/details/ghostsofempirebr00kwas/page/260 260]}}&lt;/ref&gt; تَشَدُد پھلایہ صوبہٕ کشمیرس تہٕ جموںس مَنٛز ترٛیٚن برطانوی کمپنین، یمن ہنٛز تعداد لگ بگ 500 سِپاہ ٲس، آیہ مہاراجہ [[ہَری سِنٛگھ|ہری سنگھ]] مدد کرنہٕ تہٕ امن و امان بحال کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ سوزنہٕ۔ حوٚکوٗمَتھ اوس نہٕ کُنِہ تہٕ جلوسٕچ یا آخری رسمن ہنٛز اجازت دوان۔ 22 مُسلمان آیہ مزار شہدا، سریٖنگرس مَنٛز دفن کرنہٕ۔ کینٛہہ دۄہن پتہٕ آو اَکھ کٔدٕل یَتھ سنٛگم کٔدٕل ونان چھ زالنہٕ کرنہٕ۔ اَکھ انکوائری کمیٹی آیہ مُقرر کرنہٕ یَتھ مَنٛز چیٖف جسٹس سر برجور دلال بطور چیئرمین، ہاے کورٹک زٕ جج-اَکھ دۄشوٕنی مذہبن مَنٛز-تہٕ 4 کمیٹی ممبر یمن مَنٛز زٕ ہیٚنٛد تہٕ زٕ مُسلمان چھ یمن متعلقہ برادریو طرفہٕ نامزد کرنہٕ آمٕتہ۔ مگر کُنِہ وجہ سۭتؠ گٔیہ کمیٹی کانٛہہ رپورٛٹ پیش کرنس مَنٛز ناکام۔ لہاذا کوٚر حکوٗمتن خللاتن پؠٹھ یک طرفہ خیالات شایع کرنک فٲصلہٕ۔ اَمہِ واقعہٕ کہ وجہ سٟتؠ گوٚو نوجوان [[شيخ عبدالله|شیخ عبداللہ]] سنٛد عروج، تہٕ مہاراجہ ہس سٟتؠ روٗد أمؠ سٕنٛز دُشمنی 1947 ہس تام جٲری۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Christopher Snedden|title=Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2015|page=131}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Hussain|first=Syed Taffazull|title=Sheikh Abdullah-A Biography: The Crucial Period 1905-1939|date=23 July 2009|publisher=Wordclay|isbn=978-1-6048-1603-7|pages=74–80|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== مہاراجس سٟتؠ ملاقات ==
مُسلمان نمایندن یمن مَنٛز میٖروایز یوٗسُف شاہ، میٖروایز حمدأنی، سید حسین شاہ جلالی، سعد الدین شال، [[شيخ عبدالله|شیخ عبداللہ]] غلام احمد اشائی یعقوٗب علی، منشی شہاب الدین، تہٕ چودھری غلام عباس شٲمل چھ، 15 اَگَست دوہ مہراجس نش خطاب کوٚر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; تمو کٔر عام طور ہیٚنٛدؠن تہٕ خاص پٲٹھؠ ریاستی انتظامیہ تہٕ وزیر اعظمس خِلاف واریاہ اِلزام، یہِ اِلزام لگٲوِتھ ز فسادہٕ انکوائری کمیٹی یس دنہٕ آمتؠ ثوٚبوٗت چھ بناوٹ یا دباونہٕ آمٕتؠ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kaur|first=Ravinderjit|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fLCCbohBKzcC&amp;q=1931+kashmir+22&amp;pg=PA162|title=Political Awakening in Kashmir|publisher=APH Publishing|year=1996|isbn=9788170247098|pages=154|access-date=7 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915103845/https://books.google.com/books?id=fLCCbohBKzcC&amp;q=1931+kashmir+22&amp;pg=PA162#v=snippet&amp;q=1931%20kashmir%2022&amp;f=false|archive-date=15 September 2024|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; مہاراجہ ہن کوٚر وزیٖرِ اعظم برطرف کرنہٕ نش انکار، تہٕ مسلم لیڈرن ہنٛد اِلزام &quot;بے بُنیاد&quot; قرار دتھ کوٚرکھ رَد۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

== عارضی طور جنٛگ بندی ==
مُسلمان رہنما ٲسؠ ناخۄش، مگر تمو کٔر 26 اَگَست وزیٖرِ اعظمس سٟتؠ مُلاقات تہٕ کٕرٕن احتجاج ختم کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ أکس محادس پؠٹھ دستخط۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kaur|first=Ravinderjit|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fLCCbohBKzcC&amp;q=1931+kashmir+22|title=Political Awakening in Kashmir|publisher=APH Publishing|year=1996|isbn=9788170247098|pages=154|access-date=7 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915103844/https://books.google.com/books?id=fLCCbohBKzcC&amp;q=1931+kashmir+22#v=snippet&amp;q=1931%20kashmir%2022&amp;f=false|archive-date=15 September 2024|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== پتہٕ ==
احتجاج گۆو عارضی طور کم، بُنیٲدی طور پٲٹھؠ اَمہِ وجہ سٔتؠ ز کٲشِرؠ دربار پننؠن رعایاہن سٟتؠ صلحک رویہ (احرار اِسلام، مظہر علی اظہر تہٕ زٕ سٲتھین نجی طور پٲٹھؠ کشمیرک دورٕ کرنُک اِجازت) ۔ کشمیر نؠبر مُسلمان ہمدردی کرن والؠن ہِنٛدؠ دخٕل سٟتؠ آو 13 جُلَے کٔشیٖر تہٕ ہندوستان کؠن واریاہن حصن مَنٛز کشمیرُک دۄہ مناونہٕ۔ کٲشِرؠ مُسلمان سٟتؠ ہمدردی مَنٛز آیہ مظاہرٕ تہٕ جلسہٕ منعقد کرنہٕ۔ اجلاسن مَنٛز آیہ مذہبی آزٲدی، مشیٖدن تہٕ مُسلمانن ہِنٛدؠن زِیارتن ہِنٛز بحالی، ہلاک یا زخمی گژھن والؠن ہنٛدین آلاسن معاوضہٕ، تہٕ احتجاجس دوران سِوَل تہٕ فوجی افسرن ہنٛد طرز عملچ چھان بیٖن کرنُک مطالبہٕ کرن واجنہ قراردادہٕ منظوٗر کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kaur|first=Ravinderjit|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fLCCbohBKzcC&amp;q=1931+kashmir+22&amp;pg=PA162|title=Political Awakening in Kashmir|publisher=APH Publishing|year=1996|isbn=9788170247098|pages=153|access-date=7 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240915103845/https://books.google.com/books?id=fLCCbohBKzcC&amp;q=1931+kashmir+22&amp;pg=PA162#v=snippet&amp;q=1931%20kashmir%2022&amp;f=false|archive-date=15 September 2024|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ: واقعات]]</text>
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'''کَلٕچ زۆو''' یا '''زۆو''' (Pediculus Humanus Capitis) چھ [[اِنسان]] ہند اَکھ واجب اکٹوپراسیٹ&lt;ref name=&quot;Buxton3&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Buxton|first=Patrick A.|title=The Louse; an account of the lice which infest man, their medical importance and control|url=https://archive.org/details/b32725395|publisher=Edward Arnold|year=1947|edition=2nd|location=[[London]]|pages=[https://archive.org/details/b32725395/page/24 24]–72|chapter=The biology of ''Pediculus humanus''}}&lt;/ref&gt; کلٕچ زۆو چھ پنکھن ورٲے  کیٚمؠ یم پنٕنؠ پوٗرٕ زِندگی اِنسٲنی کلہٕ ہیرِ پیٚٹھ گزٲران چھِ تہٕ خاص طور اِنسٲنی [[خوٗن]] چؠوان چھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Buxton3&quot; /&gt; انسان چھ اَمہِ مخصوٗص پرجیویparasite ہنٛد وٲحد معروف میزبان host  ییٚلہ زن وانٛدرن تہٕ بونوبوس چھ اَکھ نزدیکی تعلق تھاون وول نسٕل، پیڈیکولس شیفی، ہنٛز میزبٲنی کران۔ [[زۆو|زۆون]]  ہٕنٛزٕ باقٕیہ نسٕل چھ زیٛادٕ تر [[مۄمَل جانور|میملن]] تہٕ [[جاناوار|جاناوارن]] ہٕنٛدؠن تمام آرڈرزن متٲثر کران۔

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:کیوٚم]]</text>
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      <text bytes="7077" sha1="21ykbr5fp05of95m02d1xppo785x8ez" xml:space="preserve">{{بٔستی معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ|name=صۆوُر|other_name=صورہ|nickname=|image_skyline=Taxi stand of Soura, Srinagar.jpg|image_alt=|image_caption=|map_caption=صۆورُک نقشہٕ|coordinates={{coord|34|8|1|N|74|48|6|E|display=inline,title}}|coordinates_footnotes=|subdivision_type=مُلٕک|subdivision_name=[[ہِندوستان]]|subdivision_type1=|subdivision_name1=[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)]]|subdivision_type2=|subdivision_name2=[[سِریٖنَگَر ضِلعہٕ]]|established_title=بستی|established_date=قدیٖم|founder=|leader_title1=|unit_pref=Metric|area_footnotes=|area_rank=|area_total_km2=|elevation_footnotes=|elevation_m=1592|population_total=|population_as_of=|population_rank=|population_density_km2=|population_demonym=|population_footnotes=|demographics_type1=زَبانہٕ|demographics1_title1=قونوٗنی|demographics1_info1=[[کٲشِر زَبان]], [[اُردوٗ زَبان]], [[ہِندی زَبان]], [[ڈوٗگٕرؠ زَبان]], [[اَنٛگریٖزی زَبان]]&lt;ref name=&quot;OfficialLang&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2020/222037.pdf |title=The Jammu and Kashmir Official Languages Act, 2020 |publisher=The Gazette of India|date=27 September 2020 |access-date=27 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title=Parliament passes JK Official Languages Bill, 2020 | work=Rising Kashmir | date=23 September 2020 | url=http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 | access-date=23 September 2020 | archive-date=24 September 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924141909/http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 | url-status=dead | archivedate=24 September 2020 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924141909/http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924141909/http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 |date=24 September 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|timezone1=Indian Standard Time|utc_offset1=+5:30|postal_code_type=PIN|postal_code=190011|area_code_type=Telephone code|area_code=0194|registration_plate=[[Vehicle registration plates of India|JK 01]]|blank1_name_sec1=|blank1_info_sec1=|blank2_name_sec1=|blank2_info_sec1=|blank3_name_sec1=Distance from Delhi|blank3_info_sec1={{convert|858.9|km|mi}}|blank4_name_sec1=Distance from Mumbai|blank4_info_sec1={{convert|2206.7|km|mi}}|blank1_name_sec2=|blank1_info_sec2=|blank2_name_sec2=|blank2_info_sec2=|blank3_name_sec2=|blank3_info_sec2=|blank4_name_sec2=|blank4_info_sec2=|website=|footnotes=|official_name=|image_map={{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-width=250|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|zoom=13|type=point|title=Soura|marker=town}}}}'''صۆوُر''' [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کہ متنازعہ علاقس مَنٛز چھ ہندوستان کہ زیر انتظام سریٖنگرُک اَکھ ہمسایہ علاقہٕ۔  {{IPA|ks|soʋur}}یہِ چھ ہِندوستان کس جموں و کشمیرس مَنٛز [[سِریٖنَگَر]]-[[لَداخ]] ہائی وے پؠٹھ [[لال چوک|لال چوک، سری نگر]] پؠٹھ تَقریٖبَن 9 کلومیٹر شمالس مَنٛز واقعہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=With a Heavy Hand, India Rides Out Kashmir's Year of Disquiet|url=https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/08/02/world/asia/02reuters-india-kashmir.html|website=[[The New York Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &amp;nbsp;صۆوُر چھ [[شیرِ کَشمیٖر اِنسٹیچیوٗٹ آف میڈیکل سایِنسِز|شیر کشمیر انسٹی ٹیوٹ آف میڈیکل سائنسز]] باپتھ مشہوٗر، یس اَکھ ملٹی سپیشلیٹی ہسپتال چھ۔ ہسپتال پٲٹھؠ کٲم کرنہٕ علاوٕ چھ یہِ وادی کشمیرٕچ میڈیکل ڈیمڈ یونیورسٹی صۆوُر چھ [[آنٛچار سَر]] نزدیٖک واقعہٕ۔ علاقک پوٗرٕ مغربی طرف چھ آنٛچار سَرَس سٟتؠ ولتھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Floods in Kashmir, Army called out|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Floods-in-Kashmir-Army-called-out/articleshow/1953072.cms|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111110444/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-09-04/india/27796184_1_rescue-and-relief-operations-flood-control-minister-bemina|archivedate=11 January 2014|journal=[[The Times of India]]|date=4 September 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Soura Medical College - Srinagar|url=http://wikimapia.org/11370559/Soura-Medical-College}}&lt;/ref&gt;اَتھ مَنٛز چھ اَکھ مشہوٗر مُسلم مزار تہ یَتھ آثار شریٖف جناب صاحب صۆوُر چھ ونان یَتھ مَنٛز 13 کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ مقدس آثار چھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=11 June 2018|title=Shab-e-Qadr Observed Across J&amp;K|url=https://kashmirobserver.net/2018/06/11/shab-e-qadr-observed-across-jk/|access-date=2022-02-08|website=Kashmir Observer|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== نمایاں جایہِ ==

* [[شیرِ کَشمیٖر اِنسٹیچیوٗٹ آف میڈیکل سایِنسِز]] (SKIMS) 
* آثارِ شریٖف  جیناب صاحب آنٛچار
* سبزی منڈی سۆوُر
* میٚٹرنٹی ہسپتال سِکیٖمٕس
* [[آنٛچار سَر]]

== تٲلیٖم ==
یہِ علاقہٕ چھ شہرٕک اہم تعلیمی مرکزو مَنٛز اَکھ ماننہٕ یوان۔ اَتھ علاقس مَنٛز کالجن تہٕ سکوٗلن ہنٛد فہرست چھ درج ذیل۔

* [[شیرِ کَشمیٖر اِنسٹیچیوٗٹ آف میڈیکل سایِنسِز|شیر کشمیر انسٹیٹیوٹ آف میڈیکل سائنسز]] یہِ ادارٕ چھ طبی کیٚن واریاہن شعبن مَنٛز پوسٹ گریجویٹ، ڈاکٹریٹ تہٕ پوسٹ ڈاکٹریٹ کورسز فراہم کران۔ &lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Training|url=http://www.skims.ac.in/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=section&amp;id=8&amp;Itemid=55|access-date=2020-11-14|website=www.skims.ac.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* گورنمنٹ بوائے ہائر سیکنڈری۔
* گورنمنٹ کور ہایر سیکنڈری۔
* ایس ایم وقف ہائی سکوٗل۔
* ہائی سکوٗل ڈپلومہ۔
* رمضان میموریل تعلیمی ادارٕ
* زیٹھؠ مصوتہ پبلک سکوٗل 
* مدر لینڈ پبلک سکوٗل 
* اقبال پبلک سکوٗل 
* دارل اقرا پبلک سکوٗل 
* میٹرو تعلیمی انسٹیٹیوٹ
* مہاد اللوغات العربیہ

اَمہِ علاوٕ چھ سۆورِس مَنٛز واریاہ پرٛایمیٚری تہٕ مِڈَل سکوٗل۔

== بییٚہِ وِچٕھو ==

* [[آنٛچار سَر]]
* [[90 فُٹ روڈ]]
* [[بَژھ پوٗر]]
* [[نَوشہر، سِریٖنَگَر|نَوشہر]]

== حَوالہٕ ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر]]
[[زٲژ:Coordinates on Wikidata]]
[[زٲژ:کٔشیٖر]]</text>
      <sha1>21ykbr5fp05of95m02d1xppo785x8ez</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>147730</id>
      <parentid>147691</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:38:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>147730</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7077" sha1="gsv5pqexkv2oeepk659yrnt18wcjbgd" xml:space="preserve">{{بٔستی معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ|name=صۆوُر|other_name=صورہ|nickname=|image_skyline=Taxi stand of Soura, Srinagar.jpg|image_alt=|image_caption=|map_caption=صۆورُک نقشہٕ|coordinates={{coord|34|8|1|N|74|48|6|E|display=inline,title}}|coordinates_footnotes=|subdivision_type=مُلٕک|subdivision_name=[[ہِندوستان]]|subdivision_type1=|subdivision_name1=[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)]]|subdivision_type2=|subdivision_name2=[[سِریٖنَگَر ضِلعہٕ]]|established_title=بستی|established_date=قدیٖم|founder=|leader_title1=|unit_pref=Metric|area_footnotes=|area_rank=|area_total_km2=|elevation_footnotes=|elevation_m=1592|population_total=|population_as_of=|population_rank=|population_density_km2=|population_demonym=|population_footnotes=|demographics_type1=زَبانہٕ|demographics1_title1=قونوٗنی|demographics1_info1=[[کٲشِر زَبان]], [[اُردوٗ زَبان]], [[ہِندی زَبان]], [[ڈوٗگٕرؠ زَبان]], [[اَنٛگریٖزی زَبان]]&lt;ref name=&quot;OfficialLang&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2020/222037.pdf |title=The Jammu and Kashmir Official Languages Act, 2020 |publisher=The Gazette of India|date=27 September 2020 |access-date=27 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title=Parliament passes JK Official Languages Bill, 2020 | work=Rising Kashmir | date=23 September 2020 | url=http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 | access-date=23 September 2020 | archive-date=24 September 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924141909/http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 | url-status=dead | archivedate=24 September 2020 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924141909/http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924141909/http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 |date=24 September 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|timezone1=Indian Standard Time|utc_offset1=+5:30|postal_code_type=PIN|postal_code=190011|area_code_type=Telephone code|area_code=0194|registration_plate=[[Vehicle registration plates of India|JK 01]]|blank1_name_sec1=|blank1_info_sec1=|blank2_name_sec1=|blank2_info_sec1=|blank3_name_sec1=Distance from Delhi|blank3_info_sec1={{convert|858.9|km|mi}}|blank4_name_sec1=Distance from Mumbai|blank4_info_sec1={{convert|2206.7|km|mi}}|blank1_name_sec2=|blank1_info_sec2=|blank2_name_sec2=|blank2_info_sec2=|blank3_name_sec2=|blank3_info_sec2=|blank4_name_sec2=|blank4_info_sec2=|website=|footnotes=|official_name=|image_map={{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-width=250|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|zoom=13|type=point|title=Soura|marker=town}}}}'''صۆوُر''' [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کہ متنازعہ علاقس مَنٛز چھ ہندوستان کہ زیر انتظام سریٖنگرُک اَکھ ہمسایہ علاقہٕ۔  {{IPA|ks|soʋur}}یہِ چھ ہِندوستان کس جموں و کشمیرس مَنٛز [[سِریٖنَگَر]]-[[لَداخ]] ہائی وے پؠٹھ [[لال چوک|لال چوک، سری نگر]] پؠٹھ تَقریٖبَن 9 کلومیٹر شمالس مَنٛز واقعہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=With a Heavy Hand, India Rides Out Kashmir's Year of Disquiet|url=https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/08/02/world/asia/02reuters-india-kashmir.html|website=[[The New York Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &amp;nbsp;صۆوُر چھ [[شیرِ کَشمیٖر اِنسٹیچیوٗٹ آف میڈیکل سایِنسِز|شیر کشمیر انسٹی ٹیوٹ آف میڈیکل سائنسز]] باپتھ مشہوٗر، یس اَکھ ملٹی سپیشلیٹی ہسپتال چھ۔ ہسپتال پٲٹھؠ کٲم کرنہٕ علاوٕ چھ یہِ وادی کشمیرٕچ میڈیکل ڈیمڈ یونیورسٹی صۆوُر چھ [[آنٛچار سَر]] نزدیٖک واقعہٕ۔ علاقک پوٗرٕ مغربی طرف چھ آنٛچار سَرَس سٟتؠ ولتھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Floods in Kashmir, Army called out|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Floods-in-Kashmir-Army-called-out/articleshow/1953072.cms|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111110444/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-09-04/india/27796184_1_rescue-and-relief-operations-flood-control-minister-bemina|archivedate=11 January 2014|journal=[[The Times of India]]|date=4 September 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Soura Medical College - Srinagar|url=http://wikimapia.org/11370559/Soura-Medical-College}}&lt;/ref&gt;اَتھ مَنٛز چھ اَکھ مشہوٗر مُسلم مزار تہ یَتھ آثار شریٖف جناب صاحب صۆوُر چھ ونان یَتھ مَنٛز 13 کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ مقدس آثار چھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=11 June 2018|title=Shab-e-Qadr Observed Across J&amp;K|url=https://kashmirobserver.net/2018/06/11/shab-e-qadr-observed-across-jk/|access-date=2022-02-08|website=Kashmir Observer|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== نمایاں جایہِ ==

* [[شیرِ کَشمیٖر اِنسٹیچیوٗٹ آف میڈیکل سایِنسِز]] (SKIMS) 
* آثارِ شریٖف  جیناب صاحب آنٛچار
* سبزی منڈی سۆوُر
* میٚٹرنٹی ہسپتال سِکیٖمٕس
* [[آنٛچار سَر]]

== تٲلیٖم ==
یہِ علاقہٕ چھ شہرٕک اہم تعلیمی مرکزو مَنٛز اَکھ ماننہٕ یوان۔ اَتھ علاقس مَنٛز کالجن تہٕ سکوٗلن ہنٛد فہرست چھ درج ذیل۔

* [[شیرِ کَشمیٖر اِنسٹیچیوٗٹ آف میڈیکل سایِنسِز|شیر کشمیر انسٹیٹیوٹ آف میڈیکل سائنسز]] یہِ ادارٕ چھ طبی کیٚن واریاہن شعبن مَنٛز پوسٹ گریجویٹ، ڈاکٹریٹ تہٕ پوسٹ ڈاکٹریٹ کورسز فراہم کران۔ &lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Training|url=http://www.skims.ac.in/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=section&amp;id=8&amp;Itemid=55|access-date=2020-11-14|website=www.skims.ac.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* گورنمنٹ بوائے ہائر سیکنڈری۔
* گورنمنٹ کور ہایر سیکنڈری۔
* ایس ایم وقف ہائی سکوٗل۔
* ہائی سکوٗل ڈپلومہ۔
* رمضان میموریل تعلیمی ادارٕ
* زیٹھؠ مصوتہ پبلک سکوٗل 
* مدر لینڈ پبلک سکوٗل 
* اقبال پبلک سکوٗل 
* دارل اقرا پبلک سکوٗل 
* میٹرو تعلیمی انسٹیٹیوٹ
* مہاد اللوغات العربیہ

اَمہِ علاوٕ چھ سۆورِس مَنٛز واریاہ پرٛایمیٚری تہٕ مِڈَل سکوٗل۔

== بییٚہِ وِچھِو ==

* [[آنٛچار سَر]]
* [[90 فُٹ روڈ]]
* [[بَژھ پوٗر]]
* [[نَوشہر، سِریٖنَگَر|نَوشہر]]

== حَوالہٕ ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر]]
[[زٲژ:Coordinates on Wikidata]]
[[زٲژ:کٔشیٖر]]</text>
      <sha1>gsv5pqexkv2oeepk659yrnt18wcjbgd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>147731</id>
      <parentid>147730</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:39:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>147731</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7077" sha1="icm1v2pnvizkd2ndeat4ebjxkpo2up0" xml:space="preserve">{{بٔستی معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ|name=صۆوُر|other_name=صورہ|nickname=|image_skyline=Taxi stand of Soura, Srinagar.jpg|image_alt=|image_caption=|map_caption=صۆورُک نقشہٕ|coordinates={{coord|34|8|1|N|74|48|6|E|display=inline,title}}|coordinates_footnotes=|subdivision_type=مُلٕک|subdivision_name=[[ہِندوستان]]|subdivision_type1=|subdivision_name1=[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)]]|subdivision_type2=|subdivision_name2=[[سِریٖنَگَر ضِلعہٕ]]|established_title=بستی|established_date=قدیٖم|founder=|leader_title1=|unit_pref=Metric|area_footnotes=|area_rank=|area_total_km2=|elevation_footnotes=|elevation_m=1592|population_total=|population_as_of=|population_rank=|population_density_km2=|population_demonym=|population_footnotes=|demographics_type1=زَبانہٕ|demographics1_title1=قونوٗنی|demographics1_info1=[[کٲشِر زَبان]], [[اُردوٗ زَبان]], [[ہِندی زَبان]], [[ڈوٗگٕرؠ زَبان]], [[اَنٛگریٖزی زَبان]]&lt;ref name=&quot;OfficialLang&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2020/222037.pdf |title=The Jammu and Kashmir Official Languages Act, 2020 |publisher=The Gazette of India|date=27 September 2020 |access-date=27 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title=Parliament passes JK Official Languages Bill, 2020 | work=Rising Kashmir | date=23 September 2020 | url=http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 | access-date=23 September 2020 | archive-date=24 September 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924141909/http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 | url-status=dead | archivedate=24 September 2020 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924141909/http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924141909/http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 |date=24 September 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;|timezone1=Indian Standard Time|utc_offset1=+5:30|postal_code_type=PIN|postal_code=190011|area_code_type=Telephone code|area_code=0194|registration_plate=[[Vehicle registration plates of India|JK 01]]|blank1_name_sec1=|blank1_info_sec1=|blank2_name_sec1=|blank2_info_sec1=|blank3_name_sec1=Distance from Delhi|blank3_info_sec1={{convert|858.9|km|mi}}|blank4_name_sec1=Distance from Mumbai|blank4_info_sec1={{convert|2206.7|km|mi}}|blank1_name_sec2=|blank1_info_sec2=|blank2_name_sec2=|blank2_info_sec2=|blank3_name_sec2=|blank3_info_sec2=|blank4_name_sec2=|blank4_info_sec2=|website=|footnotes=|official_name=|image_map={{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-width=250|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|zoom=13|type=point|title=Soura|marker=town}}}}'''صۆوُر''' [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کہ متنازعہ علاقس مَنٛز چھ ہندوستان کہ زیر انتظام سریٖنگرُک اَکھ ہمسایہ علاقہٕ۔  {{IPA|ks|soʋur}}یہِ چھ ہِندوستان کس جموں و کشمیرس مَنٛز [[سِریٖنَگَر]]-[[لَداخ]] ہائی وے پؠٹھ [[لال چوک|لال چوک، سری نگر]] پؠٹھ تَقریٖبَن 9 کلومیٹر شمالس مَنٛز واقعہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=With a Heavy Hand, India Rides Out Kashmir's Year of Disquiet|url=https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/08/02/world/asia/02reuters-india-kashmir.html|website=[[The New York Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &amp;nbsp;صۆوُر چھ [[شیرِ کَشمیٖر اِنسٹیچیوٗٹ آف میڈیکل سایِنسِز|شیر کشمیر انسٹی ٹیوٹ آف میڈیکل سائنسز]] باپتھ مشہوٗر، یس اَکھ ملٹی سپیشلیٹی ہسپتال چھ۔ ہسپتال پٲٹھؠ کٲم کرنہٕ علاوٕ چھ یہِ وادی کشمیرٕچ میڈیکل ڈیمڈ یونیورسٹی صۆوُر چھ [[آنٛچار سَر]] نزدیٖک واقعہٕ۔ علاقک پوٗرٕ مغربی طرف چھ آنٛچار سَرَس سٟتؠ ولتھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Floods in Kashmir, Army called out|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Floods-in-Kashmir-Army-called-out/articleshow/1953072.cms|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111110444/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-09-04/india/27796184_1_rescue-and-relief-operations-flood-control-minister-bemina|archivedate=11 January 2014|journal=[[The Times of India]]|date=4 September 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Soura Medical College - Srinagar|url=http://wikimapia.org/11370559/Soura-Medical-College}}&lt;/ref&gt;اَتھ مَنٛز چھ اَکھ مشہوٗر مُسلم مزار تہ یَتھ آثار شریٖف جناب صاحب صۆوُر چھ ونان یَتھ مَنٛز 13 کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ مقدس آثار چھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=11 June 2018|title=Shab-e-Qadr Observed Across J&amp;K|url=https://kashmirobserver.net/2018/06/11/shab-e-qadr-observed-across-jk/|access-date=2022-02-08|website=Kashmir Observer|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== نمایاں جایہِ ==

* [[شیرِ کَشمیٖر اِنسٹیچیوٗٹ آف میڈیکل سایِنسِز]] (SKIMS) 
* آثارِ شریٖف  جیناب صاحب آنٛچار
* سبزی منڈی سۆوُر
* میٚٹرنٹی ہسپتال سِکیٖمٕس
* [[آنٛچار سَر]]

== تٲلیٖم ==
یہِ علاقہٕ چھ شہرٕک اہم تعلیمی مرکزو مَنٛز اَکھ ماننہٕ یوان۔ اَتھ علاقس مَنٛز کالجن تہٕ سکوٗلن ہنٛد فہرست چھ درج ذیل۔

* [[شیرِ کَشمیٖر اِنسٹیچیوٗٹ آف میڈیکل سایِنسِز|شیر کشمیر انسٹیٹیوٹ آف میڈیکل سائنسز]] یہِ ادارٕ چھ طبی کیٚن واریاہن شعبن مَنٛز پوسٹ گریجویٹ، ڈاکٹریٹ تہٕ پوسٹ ڈاکٹریٹ کورسز فراہم کران۔ &lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Training|url=http://www.skims.ac.in/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=section&amp;id=8&amp;Itemid=55|access-date=2020-11-14|website=www.skims.ac.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* گورنمنٹ بوائے ہائر سیکنڈری۔
* گورنمنٹ کور ہایر سیکنڈری۔
* ایس ایم وقف ہائی سکوٗل۔
* ہائی سکوٗل ڈپلومہ۔
* رمضان میموریل تعلیمی ادارٕ
* زیٹھؠ مصوتہ پبلک سکوٗل 
* مدر لینڈ پبلک سکوٗل 
* اقبال پبلک سکوٗل 
* دارل اقرا پبلک سکوٗل 
* میٹرو تعلیمی انسٹیٹیوٹ
* مہاد اللوغات العربیہ

اَمہِ علاوٕ چھ سۆورِس مَنٛز واریاہ پرٛایمیٚری تہٕ مِڈَل سکوٗل۔

== بیٚیہِ وِچھِو ==

* [[آنٛچار سَر]]
* [[90 فُٹ روڈ]]
* [[بَژھ پوٗر]]
* [[نَوشہر، سِریٖنَگَر|نَوشہر]]

== حَوالہٕ ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر]]
[[زٲژ:Coordinates on Wikidata]]
[[زٲژ:کٔشیٖر]]</text>
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    <title>ترازودون</title>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="10963" sha1="l0d08hhv82qia7fal6tce2tcjzr2hok" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox drug|Watchedfields=changed|verifiedrevid=457287206|drug_name=|image=Trazodone.svg|width=250px|alt=|image2=Trazodone-from-HCl-xtal-Mercury-3D-balls.png|width2=250px|caption=&lt;!-- | type = mab / vaccine / combo --&gt;|type=&lt;!-- Names --&gt;|pronounce=|tradename=Many brand names worldwide&lt;ref name=genericnames/&gt;|synonyms=AF-1161|IUPAC_name=2-&lt;nowiki/&gt;{3-[4-(3-Chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl}[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-''a'']pyridin-3(2''H'')-one

&lt;!-- Clinical data --&gt;|class=|pregnancy_AU=|pregnancy_category=|routes_of_administration=[[Oral administration|By mouth]] ([[tablet (pharmacy)|tablets]])|onset=[[Oral administration|By mouth]]: 1 hour ([[Tmax (pharmacology)|{{abbr|T&lt;sub&gt;max&lt;/sub&gt;|Time to peak concentrations}}]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.pharmacychoice.com/mdx/drugpoint.cfm?docID=622860&amp;letter=T&amp;type=Generic%20Name|title=MicroMedex DrugPoints - Trazodone|website=Pharmacy Choice|date=|author=|access-date=20 April 2017|archive-date=20 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420235448/http://www.pharmacychoice.com/mdx/drugpoint.cfm?docID=622860&amp;letter=T&amp;type=Generic%20Name|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;|duration_of_action=|dependency_liability=None&lt;ref name=&quot;Hub2001&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Hubbard |first1=John R. |last2=Martin |first2=Peter R. |title=Substance Abuse in the Mentally and Physically Disabled |date=2001 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9780824744977 |page=26 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MY1kFYk98mQC&amp;pg=PA26 |language=en |access-date=6 August 2020 |archive-date=1 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801020251/https://books.google.com/books?id=MY1kFYk98mQC&amp;pg=PA26 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|addiction_liability=None&lt;ref name=Hub2001/&gt;

&lt;!-- External links --&gt;|Drugs.com={{drugs.com|monograph|trazodone-hydrochloride}}|MedlinePlus=a681038

&lt;!-- Legal data --&gt;|legal_AU=S4|legal_CA=Rx-only|legal_UK=POM|legal_US=Rx-only|legal_status=|DailyMedID=Trazodone|licence_US=|licence_EU=&lt;!-- Pharmacokinetic data --&gt;|bioavailability=[[Oral administration|By mouth]]: 65%&lt;ref name=&quot;DrugPoint&quot;&gt;Truven Health Analytics, Inc. DrugPoint System (Internet) [cited 2013 Oct 1]. Greenwood Village, CO: Thomsen Healthcare; 2013. {{Failed verification|date=April 2017|reason=search for &quot;Trazodone&quot; fails on Truven Web site}}&lt;/ref&gt;|protein_bound=89–95%&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00656|title=Trazodone|website=DrugBank|access-date=7 June 2015|archive-date=12 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712013038/https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00656|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;|metabolism=[[Liver]] ([[CYP3A4]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Lemke |first1=Thomas L. |last2=Williams |first2=David A. |title=Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry |date=2012 |publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins |isbn=9781609133450 |page=615 |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=Sd6ot9ul-bUC&amp;pg=PA615 |language=en |access-date=6 August 2020 |archive-date=17 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917215454/https://books.google.ca/books?id=Sd6ot9ul-bUC&amp;pg=PA615 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|metabolites={{abbrlink|mCPP|meta-Chlorophenylpiperazine}}&lt;ref name=&quot;PreskornStanga2012&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author1=Sheldon H. Preskorn|author2=Christina Y. Stanga|author3=John P. Feighner|author4=Ruth Ross|title=Antidepressants: Past, Present and Future|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ue3uCAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA68|date=6 December 2012|publisher=Springer Science &amp; Business Media|isbn=978-3-642-18500-7|pages=68–}}&lt;/ref&gt;|elimination_half-life=Trazodone {{abbr|IR|immediate-release}}: 7 hours&lt;ref name=&quot;DrugPoint&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Trazodone {{abbr|ER|extended-release}}: 10 hours&lt;ref name=&quot;DrugPoint&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;{{abbrlink|mCPP|meta-Chlorophenylpiperazine}}: 4–8 hours&lt;ref name=&quot;SchatzbergNemeroff2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book|vauthors = Schatzberg AF,Nemeroff CB|title=The American Psychiatric Association Publishing Textbook of Psychopharmacology, Fifth Edition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KfHEDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA460|year=2017|publisher=American Psychiatric Pub|isbn=978-1-58562-523-9|pages=460–}}&lt;/ref&gt;|excretion=[[Urine]]: 70–75%&lt;ref name=&quot;DrugPoint&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[Feces]]: 21%&lt;ref name=&quot;DrugPoint&quot; /&gt;

&lt;!-- Chemical and physical data --&gt;|C=19|Cl=1|H=22|N=5|O=1|SMILES=Clc4cccc(N3CCN(CCCN1/N=C2/C=C\C=C/N2C1=O)CC3)c4|StdInChI=1S/C19H22ClN5O/c20-16-5-3-6-17(15-16)23-13-11-22(12-14-23)8-4-10-25-19(26)24-9-2-1-7-18(24)21-25/h1-3,5-7,9,15H,4,8,10-14H2|StdInChI_Ref={{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|StdInChIKey=PHLBKPHSAVXXEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N|StdInChIKey_Ref={{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|melting_point=87}}

ترازودون، یس واریاہن برانڈ ناون تحت کٕنٛنہٕ چھ یوان، چھ اَکھ اینٹی ڈپریشن دَوا۔&lt;ref name=&quot;genericnames&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Trazodone|url=https://www.drugs.com/international/trazodone.html|website=Drugs.com|access-date=9 February 2019|language=en|archive-date=16 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916022006/https://www.drugs.com/international/trazodone.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھُ بڑٕ افسردگی ہنٛد عارضہٕ، اضطراب عوارض سونٛچس مَنٛز دشواری تہٕ باقی دواہاتن سٟتؠ شرابس پؠٹھ انحصارک علاج کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;CFPC2021&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Ton|first=Joey|title=#302 Still awake? Trazodone for insomnia|url=https://cfpclearn.ca/tfp302/|website=CFPCLearn|access-date=14 June 2023|date=15 November 2021|archive-date=28 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328114109/https://cfpclearn.ca/tfp302/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہٕ چھ ٲس کِن ننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Trazodone Hydrochloride|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/trazodone-hydrochloride.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 January 2018|archive-date=19 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919174109/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/trazodone-hydrochloride.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

عام ضمنی اثراتن مَنٛز چھ ہوٚکھ ٲس، چکر یُن، الٹی تہٕ کَلہٕ دود شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; زیٛادٕ سنگین مضر اثرات مَنٛز ہیکہٕ [[خۄدکشی|خودکشی]] پاگل پن، بے قاعدگی ہنٛد دل، تہٕ روگٲنی طور پٲنٹھ طویل عرکشن شٲمل آستھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھنہٕ واضح ز [[حَمَل|حمل]] دوران اِستِمال یا دود چیناونس چھا مۄحفوٗظ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Trazodone Use During Pregnancy|url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/trazodone.html|website=Drugs.com|access-date=7 January 2018|archive-date=10 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810191222/https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/trazodone.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ سیرٹونن اینٹگانوسٹ تہٕ ری اپٹیک انفیکٹرک (SARI′ کلاسک) اَکھ فینیلپیرازین کمپاؤنڈ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Stahl|first=Stephen M.|title=Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications|date=2008|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521857024|page=567|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=cWbYxSfKN3cC&amp;pg=PA567|language=en|access-date=6 August 2020|archive-date=11 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190811032910/https://books.google.ca/books?id=cWbYxSfKN3cC&amp;pg=PA567|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Lemke|first=Thomas L.|last2=Williams|first2=David A.|title=Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry|date=2008|publisher=Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins|isbn=9780781768795|page=586|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=R0W1ErpsQpkC&amp;pg=PA586|language=en|access-date=6 August 2020|archive-date=12 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190812031919/https://books.google.ca/books?id=R0W1ErpsQpkC&amp;pg=PA586|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ٹرازوڈونس چھ نشٲنی ہنٛد اثرات تہ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF69&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=British national formulary: BNF 69|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf69britishnati0000unse|date=2015|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=9780857111562|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bnf69britishnati0000unse/page/257 257]–258|edition=69th}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ترازودون آو 1981 مَنٛز ریاستہائے متحدس مَنٛز طبی اِستِمال خٲطرٕ منظور کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھ [[عام دوا|عام دوا۔]] کس طورس پیٚٹھ دستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; برطانیہ ہس مَنٛز چھ 2019 ہس تام NHS خٲطرٕ لاگت تقریبا £7.46 پرٛؠتھ رؠتہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF76&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=British national formulary: BNF 76|date=2018|publisher=Pharmaceutical Press|isbn=9780857113382|pages=367|edition=76th}}&lt;/ref&gt; امریکہس مَنٛز چھ 2018 ہس تام تھوک قٟمَتھ تقریبا 4.53 امریکی ڈالر فی ماہ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ref&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=NADAC as of 2018-01-03|url=https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2018-01-03/v54n-gpyk|publisher=Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services|access-date=7 January 2018|language=en|archive-date=24 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624045037/https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2018-01-03/v54n-gpyk|url-status=deviated}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624045037/https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2018-01-03/v54n-gpyk |date=2019-06-24 }}&lt;/ref&gt; 2017 مَنٛز، اوس یہِ ریاستہائے متحدس مَنٛز 30 ہم سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ عام طور پٲنٹھ تجویز کرنہٕ آمت دَوا، یَتھ مَنٛز 22 ملین کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ نسخہٕ ٲس آمت دینہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=The Top 300 of 2020|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|website=ClinCalc|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=18 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318234059/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ref2&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Trazodone Hydrochloride - Drug Usage Statistics|website=ClinCalc|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/TrazodoneHydrochloride|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=11 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411214357/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/TrazodoneHydrochloride|url-status=deviated}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411214357/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/TrazodoneHydrochloride |date=11 April 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;


== حوالہ جات ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[Category:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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    <title>حَوَل قتلِ عام</title>
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      <text bytes="5588" sha1="gwaan74j03hyktaxgf83evznb1hb6w7" xml:space="preserve">{{عوامس پؠٹھ حملہٕ معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ 
| location = [[حَوَل]], [[کٔشیٖر]]
| date = {{start date and age|1990|5|21}}
| partof = [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر منٛز اِنسٲنی حقوٗقن ہِنٛز خِلاف ورزی]]
| target = عوام
| type = (قتلِ عام) Massacre, (گولہِ حملہٕ) Mass shooting
| fatalities = 60–70 مٲرِکھ&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2015-05-20 |title=Hawal massacre anniversary: 'It was hell; saw paramilitary men firing with machine guns on civilians' |url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/kashmir/hawal-massacre-anniversary-it-was-hell-saw-paramilitary-men-firing-with-machine-guns-on-civilians/186931.html |access-date=2024-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711171952/https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/kashmir/hawal-massacre-anniversary-it-was-hell-saw-paramilitary-men-firing-with-machine-guns-on-civilians/186931.html |archive-date=11 July 2018 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| injuries = 200+ زخمی
| perpetrator = {{flagdeco|India}} Central Reserve Police Force
| litigation = Investigation executed by National Human Rights Commission of India, no action was taken against the CRPF personnel.
}}
'''حَوَل قتلِ عام''' گوٚو 21 مئی 1990 سری نگر، [[کٔشیٖر|کشمیر]] کس [[حَوَل]] علاقس مَنٛز ییٚلہ انڈین سینٹرل ریزرو پولیس فورس فوجن میرویز  سٕنٛز لاش ہیتھ ٲکس جنازس پؠٹھ گولہ چلاوٕنؠ، ییٚمؠ نِگیٖنس مَنٛز پنٛنہ رہٲیشہ جایہ نامعلوم بندوقو دسہ قَتٕل کرنہٕ اوس آمُت۔ جلوس، یُس رازے کٔدلس مَنٛز [[شیرِ کَشمیٖر اِنسٹیچیوٗٹ آف میڈیکل سایِنسِز|سۆوُر ہسپتال]]  پؠٹھ میٖرواعِظ مَنزِل کُن اوس، پؠٹھ آو حَوَل علاقہٕ پؠٹھ گزرنہٕ وز حملہٕ کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=migrator|date=2018-05-20|title=Hawal massacre: When forces blocked all roads and dead were ferried on handcarts|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/kashmir/hawal-massacre-when-forces-blocked-all-roads-and-dead-were-ferried-on-handcarts/|access-date=2024-12-18|website=Greater Kashmir|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2018-05-23|title=IFJ&amp;HR releases report about Hawal Massacre|url=https://kashmirobserver.net/2018/05/23/ifjhr-releases-report-about-hawal-massacre/|access-date=2024-12-18|website=Kashmir Observer|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ahmad|first=Khalid Bashir|title=Kashmir: Exposing the Myth Behind the Narrative|url=https://archive.org/details/kashmirexposingm0000ahma|date=2017|publisher=SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd|isbn=978-93-86062-80-2|location=New Delhi, India Thousand Oaks, California|pages=[https://archive.org/details/kashmirexposingm0000ahma/page/238 238]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== قتلِ عام ==
[[میٖرواعِظ موٛلوی فاروق]] یُس تمہ وقتہٕ کشمیرک میٖرواعِظ اوس، اوس تمہ سٕنٛز رہٲیشہ پؠٹھ بندوقو دسہ بے رحمی سان مارنہٕ آمت تہٕ تمہ سُنٛدیو پیروکو نیہ تمہ سٕنٛز لاش میٖرواعِظ مَنزِل کُن ٲخری رسوٗمات کس جلوسس مَنٛز ییٚلہِ زن [[اسلامیا کالج سائنس تہِ کامرس، سری نگر|اسلامیا کالج]] کس کیمپس مَنٛز تعینات نیم فوجی اہلکارو امن پسنٛد جلوسس مَنٛز تربیت یافتہٕ پننہ مشیٖن گَن ہنٛد اِستعمال کٔرِتھ اندٕ اندٕ گولہ چلاوُن شروٗع کٕر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2018-05-21|title=Hawal massacre: When forces blocked all roads and dead were ferried on handcarts|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/kashmir/hawal-massacre-when-forces-blocked-all-roads-and-dead-were-ferried-on-handcarts/|access-date=2019-05-02|website=Greater Kashmir|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2017-05-22|title=27 years on, scars left by Hawal massacre still afresh|url=https://kashmirglobal.com/2017/05/22/27-years-scars-left-hawal-massacre-still-afresh.html|access-date=2019-05-02|website=Kashmir Global - News and Research on Kashmir|language=en-US|archive-date=2019-05-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502180124/https://kashmirglobal.com/2017/05/22/27-years-scars-left-hawal-massacre-still-afresh.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

حملٕک شکار چھ ونان ز کتھ کٔنہ اوس یہِ قتلِ عام پوٗرٕ پٲٹھؠ بلا اشتعال تہٕ تم ٲسؠ سٲری غٲر مسلح مگر فوجو کٔر ساسہٕ بٔدؠ گولہٕ چلاونہٕ۔ قتلِ عامس مَنٛز گیؠ 60 کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ ہلاک تہٕ 200 زخمی تہٕ یہِ چھ وٕنہ تہ کشیٖر مَنٛز ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ خطرناک قتلِ عامو منٛزٕ اَکھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2015-05-20|title=Hawal massacre anniversary: 'It was hell; saw paramilitary men firing with machine guns on civilians'|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/kashmir/hawal-massacre-anniversary-it-was-hell-saw-paramilitary-men-firing-with-machine-guns-on-civilians/186931.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711171952/https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/kashmir/hawal-massacre-anniversary-it-was-hell-saw-paramilitary-men-firing-with-machine-guns-on-civilians/186931.html|archive-date=11 July 2018|access-date=2024-12-18}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>جَد زَبان</title>
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      <text bytes="737" sha1="hmlz81gnh2lqogkvozkqoibu9z087pk" xml:space="preserve">[[فَیِل:Indo-European language tree (with major international languages highlighted).svg|Indo-European_language_tree_(with_major_international_languages_highlighted)|thumb|ہِند یوٗرپی زَبانن ہُینٛد کُل]]
'''جَد زَبان''' چھِ اَکھ یِژھ [[زَبان]] یمہٕ سٟتؠ [[لَسٲنؠ خاندان|زَبانہٕ خاندانٕچ]] تمام زبانہٕ وجوٗد آیہِ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Campbell|first=Lyle|title=Glossary of Historical Linguistics|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780748623792|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7486-3019-6|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780748623792/page/158 158]–159}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>1990 زُکُر تہٕ ٹینٛگ پوٗر قتلِ عام</title>
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      <text bytes="2075" sha1="63ai39lwsqdq0kn9c8sfrurlti4uaw9" xml:space="preserve">'''زُکُر تہٕ ٹینٛگ پوٗر قتلِ عام''' اوس مظٲہرن ہنٛد قتلِ یم 1 مارٕچ 1990 دۄہ [[سِریٖنَگَر|سریٖنگر]] کس [[زُکُر]]  کرٛاسنٛگ تہٕ ٹینٛگ پوٗر بائی پاس روڈس پؠٹھ [[کٔشیٖر]] مَنٛز رائے دأری متعلق [[اقوامہٕ متحدٕ|اقوام متحدہ]] قراردادس پؠٹھ عمل کرنُک مطألبہٕ اوس کران، یَتھ مَنٛز ہِندوستٲنؠ فوجس ذریعہٕ 26 افراد ہلاک تہٕ 14 زخمی گیؠ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ali|first=Tariq|title=Kashmir: The Case for Freedom|url=https://archive.org/details/kashmircaseforfr0000unse|last2=Bhatt|first2=Hilal|last3=Chatterji|first3=Angana P.|last4=Mishra|first4=Pankaj|last5=Roy|first5=Arundhati|publisher=[[Verso Books]]|year=2011|isbn=9781844677351|page=xii|author-link=Tariq Ali|author-link3=Angana P. Chatterji|author-link4=Pankaj Mishra|author-link5=Arundhati Roy}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;gossman1991&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Gossman|first=Patricia|title=Human Rights in India: Kashmir Under Siege|publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]]|year=1991|isbn=9780300056143|pages=59–60}}&lt;/ref&gt; امؠ وجہ سٟتؠ کٔر ایمنسٹی انٹرنیشنل کشمیرس پؠٹھ فوری کاروٲیی خٲطرٕ اپیٖل جٲری۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Maheshwari|first=Anil|title=Crescent over Kashmir: Politics of Mullaism|publisher=[[Rupa &amp; Co.]]|year=1993|isbn=9788171671571|pages=172–173}} &lt;/ref&gt;{{عوامس پؠٹھ حملہٕ معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ|location=[[زُکُر]], [[سِریٖنَگَر]], [[ہِندوستان]]&lt;br/&gt;ٹینٛگ پوٗر|date=1 مارٕچ 1990|partof=[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر منٛز اِنسٲنی حقوٗقن ہِنٛز خِلاف ورزی]]|target=عوام|type=قتل عام بڑِس تہٕ پؠمانس پیٚٹھ شوٗٹِنٛگ|fatalities=47 مٲرِکھ|injuries=14–100 زخمی|perpetrator={{army|India}}}}

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="6157" sha1="5tay9vajyjec8eu2n21o29si9s61xad" xml:space="preserve">{{بٔستی معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ|name=زُکُر|official_name=Zukura|image_skyline=|image_alt=|image_caption=|map_alt=|map_caption=|pushpin_map=India Jammu and Kashmir|pushpin_label_position=right|pushpin_map_alt=|pushpin_map_caption=جاے [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)]]|coordinates={{coord|34.1589887|N|74.8316992|E|display=inline,title}}|coordinates_footnotes=|subdivision_type=[[مُلُک]]|subdivision_name={{flag|India|name=ہِندوستان}}|subdivision_type1=مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ|subdivision_name1={{flagicon image|Government of Jammu and Kashmir.svg}} [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]]|subdivision_type2=|subdivision_name2=|subdivision_type3=|subdivision_name3=[[سِریٖنَگَر ضِلعہٕ]]|subdivision_type4=|subdivision_name4=[[حَضرَت بَل]]|established_title=بسیمٕتؠ|established_date=قدیٖم|founder=|leader_title1=|unit_pref=Metric|area_footnotes=|area_rank=|area_total_km2=|elevation_footnotes=|elevation_m=|population_total=|population_as_of=|population_rank=|population_density_km2=|population_demonym=|population_footnotes=|demographics_type1=زَبانہٕ|demographics1_title1=قونوٗنی|demographics1_info1=[[کٲشِر زَبان]], [[ڈوٗگٕرؠ زَبان]], [[اُردوٗ زَبان]], [[ہِندی زَبان]], [[اَنٛگریٖزی زَبان]]|timezone1=IST|utc_offset1=+5:30|postal_code_type=PIN|postal_code=190006|area_code_type=Telephone code|area_code=0194|registration_plate=|blank1_name_sec1=|blank1_info_sec1=|blank2_name_sec1=|blank2_info_sec1=|blank3_name_sec1=Distance from Delhi|blank3_info_sec1=&lt;!--{{convert||km|mi}}--&gt;|blank4_name_sec1=Distance from Mumbai|blank4_info_sec1=&lt;!--{{convert||km|mi}}--&gt;|blank1_name_sec2=|blank1_info_sec2=|blank2_name_sec2=|blank2_info_sec2=|blank3_name_sec2=|blank3_info_sec2=|blank4_name_sec2=|blank4_info_sec2=|website=|footnotes=}}
&lt;references /&gt;
'''زُکُر''' چھ [[وادی کشمیر]] کس [[سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ|سری نگر ضلعس]] مَنٛز اَکھ اطلاع شدٕ علاقہٕ تہٕ [[قصبہٕ]]، یس [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] ہندوستان کس مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقس مَنٛز چھ۔ یہِ قصبہٕ چھ [[حَضرَت بَل|حضرت بل]] حلقک اٹوٗٹ حصہٕ۔ یہِ علاقہٕ چھ [[وادی کشمیر]] کس تجارتی مرکز پؠٹھ تَقریٖبَن 12 کلومیٹر دوٗر واقعہٕ۔ &amp;nbsp; یہِ علاقہٕ چھ کم از کم زٕ بٔڑ سڑکہ ہنٛدؠ ربط فراہم کران یم [[گانٛدَربَل ضِلہٕ|گاندربل]] میونسپل کمیٹی [[سِریٖنَگَر]] سٟتؠ جوڑان چھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=introduction about Zukura Srinagar|url=http://chennaisharetips.com/areas/zakura-srinagar-kashmir|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212610/http://chennaisharetips.com/areas/zakura-srinagar-kashmir|archive-date=3 March 2016|access-date=5 January 2015}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212610/http://chennaisharetips.com/areas/zakura-srinagar-kashmir |date=3 March 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== جغرافی ==

یہِ عَلاقہٕ چھِ {{Coord|34.1589887|N|74.8316992|E}} 12&amp;nbsp;km سِریٖنَگَر کَمَرشَل سینٹر پؠٹھ ۔

== تَوٲریٖخ  ==
{{Main|1990 زُکُر تہٕ ٹینٛگ پوٗر قتلِ عام}}
زُکرِس مَنٛز روزن وٲلؠ لوٗکو وچھ 20 ہمہ صٔدی مَنٛز ہندوستٲنہ مسلح فوجن ہنٛد طرفہٕ اِنسٲنی جانن ہنٛد قَتٕل و غارت۔ تمام وحشیانہ قتلاتن مَنٛز اوس اہم واقعہ زُکرا قتلِ عام۔ یہِ قتلِ عام اوس 1 مارٕچ 1990 دوہ سری نگر کس زُکُر کراسنٛگس پؠٹھ کشمیٖرس مَنٛز رائے دٲری متعلق [[اقوامہٕ متحدٕ|اقوام متحدہ]] کہ قراردادس پؠٹھ عمل کرنک مطألبہٕ کرن والؠن مظٲہرن ہنٛد قَتٕل۔ اَتھ واقعس مَنٛز گٔیٚہ 40 افراد ہلاک۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=13 March 2015|title=Zakura, Tengpora carnages haunt survivors|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/more/news/zakura-tengpora-carnages-haunt-survivors/|access-date=10 July 2020|website=Greater Kashmir|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== آبٲدیات  ==

علاقک پوسٹل کوڈ چھ 190006۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=pincode.net|url=http://pincode.net.in/JAMMU_and_KASHMIR/SRINAGAR/Z/ZAKURA|access-date=5 January 2015}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[http://pincode.net.in/JAMMU_and_KASHMIR/SRINAGAR/Z/ZAKURA &quot;pincode.net&quot;]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; [[کٲشِر زَبان|کٲشُر]] چھ اَمہِ علاقٕچ مقٲمی زبان، لوٗکھ چھ [[اُردوٗ زَبان|اُردوٗ]] تہٕ [[اَنٛگریٖزی زَبان|انگریزی]] تہٕ رَوٲنی سان بولان۔

== تٲلیٖم  ==

=== اِنسٹیٹیوٹ آف ایشین میڈیکل سائنسز ===
یہِ کالیج چھ وادی ہنٛدؠن اعلٰی طبی کالجن مَنٛز اَکھ ماننہٕ یوان۔ ام کوٚر [[2014 ہِندوستان-پٲکِستان سٔہلاب|2014 کس کشمیر سٔہلابن]] مَنٛز اہم کردار ادا تہٕ سہ اوس وٲحد کالیج یَتھ مَنٛز ویکسیٖنِک اِنجیکشن آسہٕ نہٕ سٔہلابن سٟتؠ تباہ گٔمٕتؠ۔ یمو بچٲوؠ واریاہ اِنسانن ہِنٛدؠ زِندگی تہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=education in zukura|url=http://www.iamskashmir.com/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150310092746/http://www.iamskashmir.com/|archive-date=10 March 2015|access-date=5 January 2015}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150310092746/http://www.iamskashmir.com/ |date=10 March 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== بییٚہِ وِچٕھو  ==

* [[بَژھ پوٗر]]

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>1865 زالڈَگر قتلِ عام</title>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="7020" sha1="e47as2p5pcflmj7a8824zxz001kg9tb" xml:space="preserve">{{عوامس پؠٹھ حملہٕ معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ|title=Zaldagar Massacre&lt;br&gt;زالڈَگر قتلِ عام|location=زالڈَگر، [[سِریٖنَگَر]]، [[کٔشیٖر]]|date={{start date and age|1865|4|29}}|target=شال بف ، عوام|type=قتلِ عام|fatalities=28 مٲرِکھ|injuries=100+ زخمی|perpetrator=ڈوٗگٕرؠ فوج}}
'''زالڈَگر قتلِ عام''' چھ [[ڈوٗگٕر راج]] کس فوجس دٔسؠ 29 اپریل 1865 دۄہ 28 [[کٲشِرؠ مُسَلمان|کٲشِرؠ]]'''(شال بف)''' شال بنن والین ہنٛد قتلک حوالہٕ دِوان۔ [[سِریٖنَگَر]]، [[کٔشیٖر|کشمیر]] کس زالڈَگر علاقس مَنٛز۔ &lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ahmad|first=Khalid Bashir|title=Kashmir: exposing the myth behind the narrative|url=https://archive.org/details/kashmirexposingm0000ahma|date=2017|publisher=SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd|isbn=978-93-86062-80-2|location=New Delhi, India ; Thousand Oaks, California|pages=[https://archive.org/details/kashmirexposingm0000ahma/page/82 82]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=|first=|date=2022-04-30|title=Shalbaf Tehreek: On 29 April 1865, 28 Kashmiris were shot dead protesting against brutal policies|url=https://thekashmiriyat.co.uk/shalbaf-tehreek-on-29-april-1865-28-kashmiris-were-shot-dead-protesting-against-brutal-policies/|access-date=2024-12-23|website=The Kashmiriyat|language=en-US|archive-date=2024-12-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241223181441/https://thekashmiriyat.co.uk/shalbaf-tehreek-on-29-april-1865-28-kashmiris-were-shot-dead-protesting-against-brutal-policies/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Webdesk|first=F. P. K.|date=2021-04-29|title=Blood and Bridge: Recalling World’s First Labour Movement {{!}} Free Press Kashmir|url=https://freepresskashmir.news/2021/04/29/blood-and-bridge-recalling-worlds-first-labour-movement/amp/|access-date=2024-12-23|website=freepresskashmir.news|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ قتلِ عام گوٚو ڈوگرہ اِنتظامیہ کہ طرفہٕ لگاونہٕ آمتس جابرانہ ٹیکس تہٕ استحصالٲتی کامِک حالاتن خِلاف بنن والؠن ہنٛد احتجاج کس جوابس مَنٛز۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Kashmir: Unsung heros of world's first labor movement|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/kashmir-unsung-heros-of-worlds-first-labor-movement/1825763|access-date=2024-12-23|website=www.aa.com.tr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Gilani|first=Iftikhar|date=2024-04-29|title=Kashmir: Unsung Heroes Of The World&amp;#8217;s First Labour Movement|url=https://kashmirtimes.com/features/kashmir-unsung-heroes-of-the-worlds-first-labour-movement|access-date=2024-12-23|website=Kashmir Times|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== پس منظر ==

شول بننٕچ اِنڑسٹرٛی ٲس 19 مہ صدی کس کشمیرس مَنٛز اَکھ نمایاں معٲشی سرگرمی، یوٚس پننہ شاندار دستکٲری باپتھ عالمی سطحس پؠٹھ مشہوٗر ٲس۔ تہنٛز مہارت تہٕ تہنٛزٕ مصنوٗعاتچ زیٛادٕ طلبہٕ باوجوٗد، شال بف روٗزؠ جابرانہ ڈاگ شال ٹیکس کہ وجہ سٟتؠ غُربتس مَنٛز، یمہٕ سٟتؠ یمن ہنٛز آمدنی پؠٹھ واریہ زیٛادٕ بوجھ پیٛو۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=16 July 1875|title=Kashmir shawls|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/BH18750716.2.34|journal=Bruce Herald|pages=7|quote=The shawl-weavers get miserable wages, and are allowed neither to leave Kashmir nor change their employment, so that they are nearly in the position of slaves ; and their average wage is only about three-halfpence a-day.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=16 September 1912|title=A Dying Industry|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/DUNST19120916.2.48.8?end_date=16-09-1912&amp;items_per_page=10&amp;query=A+Dying+Industry.&amp;snippet=true&amp;start_date=16-09-1912&amp;title=DUNST|access-date=2024-12-23|website=Dunstan Times|page=8}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

ٹیکسس علاوٕ، شول بفو تھٲوؠ کامہٕ کیٚن سخت اوقاتن تہٕ محاصرٕ عملس برداشت یمو تہنٛدس خۄد مۄختیٲری محدوٗد کٔر تہٕ تہنٛدس مشکلن مَنٛز اِضافہٕ کوٚر۔ یمو استحصالٲتی حالاتن ہٕنٛد وجہ سٟتؠ گوٚو کاریگرن مَنٛز بٔڑس پیمانس پیٚٹھ عدم اطمینان پٲدٕ، ییٚمیک نتیجہٕ ڈوٗگٕرؠ اِنتظامیہس خِلاف منظم احتجاجس مَنٛز گوٚو۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Hussain|first=Masood|date=2021-05-03|title=Zaldagar 1865|url=https://kashmirlife.net/zaldagar-1865-vol-13-issue-05-266083/|access-date=2024-12-23|website=Kashmir Life|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== واقعہٕ ==

29 اپریل 1865 ہس مَنٛز گٔیہ جَمع ہتہٕ بٔد شال بف سری نگر کس پرٛانہ شہرس مَنٛز حد کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ ٹیکسس مَنٛز راحت تہٕ کامک حالات بہتر بناونُک مطالبہٕ کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ۔ احتجاجس میٛوٗل تیٚلہِ زور ییٚلہ کاریگرو انتظامیہ ہس خِلاف آواز بلند کرِتھ زالڈَگر کُن جلوٗس کوٚر۔ کرنل بجوے سِنٛگھ سٕنٛز قیادت مَنٛز ڈوگڑا فوجن رکٲوؠ مظٲہرٕ کرن وٲلؠ زالڈَگرس مَنٛز حاجی راتھر سم کٔدلس  پؠٹھ۔ غیر مسلح آسنہٕ باووٚجوٗد کوٚر مظٲہرن فوج کہ حکمہٕ پتہٕ رُکنُک اِنکار۔ اَمہِ کس جوابس مَنٛز کٔر سپاہیو جلوٗسس پؠٹھ اندٕ اندٕ گولہ چلاونہٕ، یَتھ مَنٛز واریاہ موقعس پؠٹھ ہلاک گیؠ۔ ییلہٕ افراتفری پٲدٕ گیؠ، واریاہ مظٲہرن کٔر فرار گژھنٕچ کوٗشش مگر  فوجو کٔرؠ ہتھیار ہیٚتھ یمن ہنٛد پیچھا۔ جلوٗس مَنٛز، واریاہ لوٗکو کۆر تَشَدُد نِش بچنہٕ خٲطرٕ [[کُٹہٕ کۆل|کُٹہٕ کۄل]] آبس مَنٛز، ییٚمہ کس نٔتیٖجس مَنٛز مزیٖد موٗدؠ۔ قتلِ عام کس ٲخرس تام گیؠ 28 شال بف ہلاک تہٕ باقی 100 کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ زخمی۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=April 29, 1865: Dogra army kills 28 shawl weavers at Srinagar’s Zaldagar|url=https://brighterkashmir.com/april-29-1865-dogra-army-kills-28-shawl-weavers-at-srinagars-zaldagar|access-date=2024-12-23|website=Brighter Kashmir}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;/&gt;

== بییٚہِ وِچٕھو  ==

* [[1990 زُکُر تہٕ ٹینٛگ پوٗر قتلِ عام|زُکُر تہٕ ٹینٛگ پوٗر قتلِ عام]]
* [[1990 گأوکدٕل قتلِ عام|گأوکدٕل قتلِ عام]]
* [[حَوَل قتلِ عام]]

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}</text>
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* [[کٔشیٖر]]
* [[پَنٛجاب]]
* [[راجَستھان]]
* [[بَنٛگال]]&lt;ref&gt;{{citation |last=Nordeen |first=Lon O. |title=Air Warfare in the Missile Age |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1K5qBgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT149 |year=1985 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |isbn=978-0-87474-680-8 |pages=68–69|archive-date=7 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207172510/https://books.google.com/books?id=1K5qBgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT149 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}|territory=جنٛگ بندی ہنٛدؠ شرطو مطٲبق چھنہٕ کانٛہہ علاقٲیی تبدیلی۔|result=بے نتیٖجہٕ|combatant1={{IND}}|combatant2={{PAK}}|strength1='''700,000 infantry''' (whole army)&lt;ref name=&quot;Chapter 1 official history&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
'''700+ aircraft'''{{sfn|T. V. Paul|1994|p=107}}&lt;br /&gt;
'''720 tanks'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Chapter 1 official history&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Rakshak|first=Bharat|title=Page 15|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/History/1965War/PDF/1965Chapter01.pdf|website=Official History|publisher=Times of India|access-date=14 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609073650/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/History/1965War/PDF/1965Chapter01.pdf|archive-date=9 June 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 186 [[Centurion tank|Centurions]]&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
* 346 [[Sherman tank|Shermans]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chapter 1 official history&quot; /&gt;
* 90 [[AMX-13]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chapter 1 official history&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
* 90 [[PT-76]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chapter 1 official history&quot; /&gt;
'''628 Artillery'''&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Singh|first=Harbaksh|title=War Despatches|year=1991 |publisher=Lancer International|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-81-7062-117-1|page=124}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 66x 3.7&quot; How&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
* 450x [[Ordnance QF 25 pounder|25pdr]]&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
* 96x 5.5&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
* 16x 7.2&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
'''Effective strength on the West Pakistan Border'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Chapter 1 official history – Effective Strength&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Rakshak|first=Bharat|title=Page 14|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/History/1965War/PDF/1965Chapter01.pdf|website=Official History|publisher=Times of India|access-date=14 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609073650/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/History/1965War/PDF/1965Chapter01.pdf|archive-date=9 June 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* 9 infantry divisions (4 under-strength)
* 3 armoured brigades|strength2='''260,000 infantry''' (whole army)&lt;ref name=&quot;Chapter 1 official history&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
'''280 aircraft'''{{sfn|T. V. Paul|1994|p=107}} &lt;br /&gt;
'''~950 tanks'''&lt;ref name=&quot;M48 Patton vs Centurion: Indo-Pakistani War 1965 - Osprey Duel 71&quot; /&gt;
* 330-350 M47 Pattons delivered between 1955–60, 
* ~200 M48 Pattons delivered between 1961–64 &lt;ref name=&quot;M48 Patton vs Centurion: Indo-Pakistani War 1965 - Osprey Duel 71&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=M48 Patton vs Centurion: Indo-Pakistani War 1965 - Osprey Duel 71, Page 36 |url=https://ibb.co/FhD5H2P}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;THE M47 AND M48
PATTON TANKS - Osprey New Vanguard 31 by STEVEN J. ZALOGA, [https://ibb.co/7W0FK99 Page 22]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.brownpundits.com/2015/09/06/the-1965-war-summary-by-major-amin/ The 1965 War. A Summary by Major Agha Humayun Amin] - [https://ibb.co/sm8yYz9 Analysis]&lt;/ref&gt;
* 308 Shermans&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
* 96 [[M24 Chaffee|Chaffees]]&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
'''552 Artillery'''&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
* 72x 105mm How&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
* 234x 25pdr&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
* 126x 155mm How&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
* 48x 8&quot; How&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
* 72x 3.7&quot; How&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
* AK Lt Btys&lt;ref name=&quot;War Despatches&quot; /&gt;
'''Effective strength on the West Pakistan Border'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Chapter 1 official history – Effective Strength&quot; /&gt;

* 6 infantry divisions
* 2 armoured divisions|casualties1='''Neutral claims'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Encyclopedia of the developing world&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author=Thomas M. Leonard |title=Encyclopedia of the developing world|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pWRjGZ9H7hYC&amp;pg=PA806|access-date=14 April 2011 |year=2006|publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis|isbn=978-0-415-97663-3|pages=806–|archive-date=5 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205202529/https://books.google.com/books?id=pWRjGZ9H7hYC&amp;pg=PA806|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Indo-Pakistan Wars&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Indo-Pakistan Wars |url=http://uk.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_781531179/indo-pakistan_wars.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508073809/http://uk.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_781531179/Indo-Pakistan_Wars.html |archive-date=8 May 2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ~3,000 men&lt;ref name=&quot;Encyclopedia of the developing world&quot; /&gt;
* ~150 tanks &lt;ref name=&quot;Tucker 172&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Tucker|first=Spencer|title=Tanks: An Illustrated History of Their Impact|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N481TmqiSiUC&amp;pg=PA172|year=2004|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-57607-995-9|page=172|access-date=15 November 2015|archive-date=5 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205202528/https://books.google.com/books?id=N481TmqiSiUC&amp;pg=PA172|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* 60–75 aircraft&lt;ref name=&quot;Encyclopedia of the developing world&quot; /&gt;|casualties2='''Neutral claims'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Encyclopedia of the developing world&quot; /&gt;
* ~3,800 men&lt;ref name=&quot;Encyclopedia of the developing world&quot; /&gt;
* ~300 Tanks&lt;ref name=&quot;Tucker 172&quot; /&gt;{{efn|At least 200+ confirmed losses, judging by the number of war trophies captured by the Indians}}
* 20 aircraft&lt;ref name=&quot;Encyclopedia of the developing world&quot; /&gt;}}
&lt;references /&gt;
&lt;references group=&quot;lower-alpha&quot; /&gt;
1965 ہک ہِندوستان-پاکِستٲن جنٛگ، یَتھ دۆیم ہند-پاکٗستان جنٛگ تہٕ ونٛنہٕ چھ یوان، اوس [[پٲکِستان]] تہٕ [[ہِندوستان]] درمیان اَکھ مسلح تصادم یس اَگَست 1965 پؠٹھ سَتَمبَر 1965 تام گوٚو۔ یہِ تناضہٕ گوٚو پاکستان کہ ناکام آپریشن جبرالٹر پتہٕ شروٗع، یس ہنٛدستٲنہ حکمرٲنی خَلاف شورش تیز کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جموں و کشمیر]] مَنٛز فوجس دراندازی کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ بناونہٕ آو۔[1]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hali|first=S. M.|date=2011|title=Operation Gibraltar – an unmitigated disaster?|journal=Defence Journal|volume=15|issue=1–2|pages=10–34|via=EBSCO}}&lt;/ref&gt; سدہن دۄہن ہنٛد جنٛگہٕ سٟتؠ گیؠ دۄشوٕنی طرفو ساسہٕ بٔدؠ ہلاکتہٕ تہٕ [[دوٚیِم عٔظیٖم جَنٛگ|دیمہٕ جنگ عظیمہٕ]] پتہٕ بکتر بند گاڑین ہنٛز ساری کھوتہٕ بٔڑ مصروفیت تہٕ ٹینکن ہنٛز ساری کھوتہٕ بھۆڑ جنٛگ۔{{sfn|David R. Higgins|2016}}{{sfn|Rachna Bisht|2015}} [[صؤوِت اِتِفاق|سوویت یونین]] تہٕ امریکہ کہ سفارتی مداخلت تہٕ امہٕ پتہٕ تاشقند اعلامیہ کہ اجرا پتہٕ اقوام متحدہچ سلامتی کونسلچ قرارداد 211 کہ ذریع جنٛگ بندی ہنٛد اعلان کرنہٕ پتہٕ گیہٕ دونونی ملکن درمیان دُشمنی ختم۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Lyon2008&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Lyon|first=Peter|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vLwOck15eboC&amp;pg=PR11|title=Conflict between India and Pakistan: an encyclopedia|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2008|isbn=978-1-57607-712-2|page=82|access-date=30 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207172511/https://books.google.com/books?id=vLwOck15eboC&amp;pg=PR11|archive-date=7 February 2023|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

سرٕد جنٛگ ختم گژھنہٕ پتہٕ امریکہ تہٕ برطانیہس سٟتؠ بہتر تعلقات کہ باوجوٗد، اَتھ تنازعس سٟتؠ برصغیرس اندر دشوینی ملکن ہنٛدؠ سرٛن عدم اعتماد پٲدٕ یس کنہٕ حدس تام از تہٕ چھ برقرار چھِ۔{{sfn|McGarr|2013|pp=350-353}}{{sfn|McGarr|2013|pp=360-363}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Riedel_shadow&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Riedel|first=Bruce|title=Avoiding Armageddon: America, India, and Pakistan to the Brink and Back|url=https://archive.org/details/avoidingarmagedd0000ried|publisher=Brookings Institution Press|year=2013|isbn=978-0-8157-2408-7|pages=[https://archive.org/details/avoidingarmagedd0000ried/page/69 69]–70}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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جمہوریہ سوڈان  چھُ مشرقی شمالی [[اَفرٛیٖقا|افریقہس]] سٟتؠ تعلق تھاوان۔ سوڈان چھُ افریقہُک تہٕ پورٕ عرب دنیاہُک سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ بوٚڑ [[مُلُک]]۔ سوڈان چھُ دُنیاہُک '''دٔہِم''' سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ بوٚڑ مُلُک۔ سوڈانٕچ آبٲدی چھِ 2024 ہَس تام 50 ملین لُکھ تہٕ چھُ 1,886,068 مربع کلوٗمیٖٹرَن پؠٹھ قبضہٕ کران۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2012/12/10/world/africa/omar-al-bashir---fast-facts/index.html|title=Omar al-Bashir Fast Facts|website=CNN|date=10 December 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;


== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:مُلُک]]
[[زٲژ:سوڈان]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="1219" sha1="dnsjjqebuql84jj3tk9amct7k8utlpy" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ}}
سِنٛد دٔرؠ‌یاو سِنٛدھ دٔرؠ‌یاو چھُ ہِنٛدُستان کِس مركزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کِس [[گانٛدَربَل]] ضِلعس مَنٛز اَکھ [[دٔرؠ یاو]]۔یہِ چھُ [[جَہلَم دٔرؠ یاو|جہلم دٔریاوُک]] اَکھ بوٚڑ سہارٕ دریاو تہٕ چھُ 108 کلومیٹر (67 میٖل) زیوٗٹھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Source of Sind Nallah&quot;&gt;{{cite book | author=Lulu | title=Explore Kashmiri Pandits | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zsoC6GWr47QC&amp;q=Sind+river+has+its+source+in+inner+himalayas&amp;pg=PA37 | access-date=11 October 2013 | publisher=Lulu.com | isbn=9780963479860 | page=37–}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Source of Sind River&quot;&gt;{{cite book | author=Kalhana | title=Kalhana's Rajatarangini: A Chronicle of the Kings of Kasmi | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4rcwLQDFh-EC&amp;q=source+of+Sind+river&amp;pg=RA1-PA12 | access-date=11 October 2013 |year=2001 | publisher=Elibron.com, 2001 | isbn=9781402173486 | page=12–}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہِنٛدؠ دٔرؠ‌یاو]]</text>
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    <title>پشمیٖن</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <id>8158</id>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="2758" sha1="gw4k200toyl2nlh3j0ytr1ds1wk4a2l" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Mandala_Chandar,_Kashmir_1840.jpg|thumb|300x300px|منڈلا چندر (سن 1840، تفصیل) چھ اکھ غٲر معموٗلی کشمیری تانترک زوٗنہ شال (چندر) یتھ منٛز اکھ منڈلا چھ یتھ منٛز زومورفک ٹینڈرلز چھ پھلان، یس گلابی زمینس پؠٹھ واریاہن رنگن ہٕنٛدۍ ملفلیورن سۭتۍ چھ بھرتھ آسان۔]]
'''پشمیٖن''' چھِ [[کٲشُر شَال|کٲشِرؠ شالُک]] اَکھ قٕسٕم (/pæʃˈmiːnə، pɑːʃ )&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=The Chambers Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/chambersdictiona0000unse_x2v6|publisher=Chambers|year=2003|isbn=0-550-10105-5|edition=9th|chapter=pashm}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Collins English Dictionary|publisher=HarperCollins|year=2018|isbn=978-0-008-28437-4|edition=13th|chapter=pashmina}}&lt;/ref&gt;فارسیس مَنٛز چھ لفظ ''پشیم'' مطلب &quot;ایر&quot;، مگر [[کٔشیٖر]] مَنٛز چھ ''پشیم'' حوالہٕ پالتو چانگتھانگی ژھاوِل ہنٛد خام غٲر کڑنہٕ آمت ایر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Skarratt|first=Ben|date=August 2018|title=From India to Europe: The Production of the Kashmir Shawl and the Spread of the Paisley Motif|url=https://globalcapitalism.history.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/globalcapitalism/documents/media/case_04_-_the_paisley_0.pdf|journal=Global History of Capitalism Project}}&lt;/ref&gt; از کل چھ عام بولس مَنٛز ''پشمینہ'' یا تہ موادک حوالہٕ دتھ یا اَمہِ سٟتؠ بناونہٕ آمت [[کٲشُر شَال|کشمیر شال]] متغیرک حوالہٕ دتھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Pashmina|url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/pashmina|access-date=2020-03-31|website=Cambridge English Dictionary|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; کیشمیٖر تہٕ ''پشمیٖن د''ۄشوَے چھ اکسی ژھاوُل پیٹھہٕ یوان مگر عام کیشمیری چھ 12 پیٹھہٕ 21 مائیکرون قطرس تام آسان، ییلہ زن کہ پشمیٖن چھ کیشمیری تہٕ ریشمک مرکبک (70%/30%) حوالہٕ دِتھ یَتھ عام فائبرچ حد 12 پیٹھہٕ 16 مائیکرون تام چھ آسان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2002|title=Identification Guidelines for Shahtoosh and Pashmina|url=https://www.fws.gov/lab/idnotes/shahtoosh-web.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327022949/https://www.fws.gov/lab/idnotes/shahtoosh-web.pdf|archive-date=27 March 2020|access-date=27 March 2020|website=US Fish and Wildlife Service: National Fish and Wildlife Forensics Laboratory, Ashland, Oregon}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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| era                    = قدیٖم ہِندوستان
| government_type        = بادشاہت
| capital = [[پَرِہاسپوٗر]]
| year_start             = 625
| year_end               = 855
| image_map              = {{South Asia in 800 CE|center|{{center|[[سِریٖنَگَر|سری نگرا]] أنٛدؠ پٔکھؠ کارکوٹا خاندانُک قلب علاقہٕ، ہمسایہِ ریاستن سۭتؠ، تقریباً 700 عیسوی.&lt;ref name=&quot;A Historical atlas of South Asia&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Schwartzberg |first1=Joseph E. |title=A Historical atlas of South Asia |date=1978 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |page=146, map XIV.2 (f) |isbn=0226742210 |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/pager.html?object=183 |access-date=2025-02-01 |archive-date=2021-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224144259/https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/pager.html?object=183 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}|{{Annotation|102|37|[[File:Long Fine Rectangle (plain).png|45px]]}}||none}}
| religion               = [[ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم]]
| p1                     = 
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| today                  = [[اَفغٲنِستان]]&lt;br/&gt;[[ہِندوستان]]&lt;br/&gt;[[پٲکِستان]]&lt;br/&gt;[[بَنٛگلہ دیٖش]]
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کارکوٹا خانٛدانن (625-855 عیسوی) کٔر 7 مہ تہٕ 8 مہ صٔدی دوران [[وادی کشمیر]] تہٕ [[بَرِصَغیٖر ہِند|برصغیر پاک و ہند]] کینژن شمٲلی حصن پؠٹھ حوٚکوٗمَتھ۔ تہنٛدس دور حکوٗمتس مَنٛز اوس سیٲسی توسیع، معاشی خوشحالی تہٕ ثقافت تہٕ علمُک مرکز کس طورس پیٚٹھ کشمیرک ظہور وٕچھنہٕ آمت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Larson|first=Gerald James|title=The Arts of Kashmir|url=https://archive.org/details/artsofkashmir0000palp|publisher=Asia Society ; 5 Continents|year=2007|editor-last=Pal|editor-first=Pratapaditya|pages=[https://archive.org/details/artsofkashmir0000palp/page/36 36]–37|language=English|chapter=Nagas, Monks, Tantrics and Poets|editor-last2=Ames|editor-first2=Frank}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:24&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Witzel|first=Michael|title=Around Abhinavagupta: Aspects of the Intellectual History of Kashmir from the Ninth to the Eleventh Century|year=2016|isbn=978-3-643-90697-7|editor-last=Franco|editor-first=Eli|series=Leipziger Studien zu Kultur und Geschichte Süd- und Zentralasiens|location=Münster, Germany|pages=609–643|chapter=Kashmiri Brahmins under the Karkota, Utpala and Lohara Dynasties, 625-1101 CE|editor-last2=Ratié|editor-first2=Isabelle}}&lt;/ref&gt;

کارکوٹا حکمرانو کٔر پنٛنیٚن حکمرانن مَنٛز وِشنوٗ سٕنٛد خٲطرٕ واریاہ مزارات تعمیر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Sanderson|first=Alexis|title=Genesis and Development of Tantrism|publisher=Institute of Oriental Culture, University of Tokyo|year=2009|isbn=978-4-903235-08-0|editor-last=Einoo|editor-first=Shingo|series=Institute of Oriental Culture Special Series: 23|location=Tokyo|pages=60–61, 73, 298–300|chapter=The Śaiva Age: The Rise and Dominance of Śaivism during the Early Medieval Period}}&lt;/ref&gt; تاہم دِژ تمو [[بُدھ مَت]] تہٕ تمن تحت پھلن پھولنک اجازت۔ اننت ناگ ضِلس مَنٛز اوس [[مارتنٛڈ سِری مندر]] [[لَلِت ادِتیہ مُکتَپِدا|للیتادتیہ ہن]] بنوومٗت۔ یہِ چھ ہنٛدستانک سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ پرانہ آفتاب مندر تہٕ اوس تمہ وقتک سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ بجہ مندر کمپلیکسس مَنٛز اَکھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:22&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Siudmak|first=John|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yVft0FqSxc0C&amp;q=karkota|title=The Hindu-Buddhist Sculpture of Ancient Kashmir and its Influences|date=5 April 2013|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-9004248328}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[اَوَنتی ورمن]] ووت 855 تھس مَنٛز کشمیر کس تختس پؠٹھ، [[اُتپالا خاندان]]  قٲیم کٔرِتھ تہٕ کرکوٹا خاندانٕچ حوٚکوٗمَتھ ختم کٔرِتھ۔

==حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}</text>
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    <title>اُتپالا خاندان</title>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="5855" sha1="niq0wysmcnk2irp368g07yaf35hxxac" xml:space="preserve">{{مُلُک معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ|conventional_long_name=اُتپالا خاندان|common_name=اُتپال خاندان|era=قرون وسطی ہِندوستان|government_type=بادشٲہیت|year_start=855 CE|year_end=1003 CE|image_map=|image_map_caption=|image_coat=[[File:Sankaravarman, Dupatalas (Kashmir) Circa 883-902 CE.jpg|270px|center]]|symbol_type=بادشاہ شنکر ورمن، دوپتالاس (کشمیر) سُنٛد ترٛام سِکہٕ, {{Circa}} 883–902 CE&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Mitchiner |first1=Michael |title=Oriental coins and their values: Non-islamic states and Western colonies : A.D. 600–1979, Volume 3|date=1979 |publisher=Hawkins |pages=37 (coin 159–160) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tMeWoAEACAAJ |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Cunningham |first1=Alexander |title=Coins Of Mediaeval India From The Seventh Century |date=1894 |page=Plate IV, No 2 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.127720/page/n26/mode/1up}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Cunn&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Cunningham |first1=Alexander |title=Coins Of Mediaeval India From The Seventh Century |date=1894 |page=45 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.127720/page/n48/mode/1up}}&lt;/ref&gt;|image_map2={{South Asia in 1000|center|{{center|اُتپالا خانٛدانٕکہِ مرکٔزی علاقُک مُقام، تہٕ ہمسایہِ ریاستہٕ تقریباً 1000 عیسوی}}|{{location map~ |South Asia |lat=34|N |long=75.5|E |label=|position=|label_size=|mark=Orange dot (semi-transparent).png|marksize=22}}||none}}|capital=[[ووٗنٛتؠ پور]]|common_languages=[[سَنَسکرٕٛت زَبان]]|religion=[[شِو مَت]]|title_leader=مَہراج|leader1=[[اَوَنتی ورمن]]|year_leader1=855 – 883 CE|leader2=شنکرورمن|year_leader2=885 – 902 CE|leader3=سُگھندا|year_leader3=904 – 906 CE|leader4=دیدا|year_leader4=980 – 1003 CE|p1=کارکوٹا خاندان|s1=لوہارا خاندان|today=[[اَفغٲنِستان]]&lt;br&gt;[[ہِندوستان]]&lt;br&gt;[[پٲکِستان]]}}
&lt;references /&gt;
'''اُتپالا خاندان یا اُتپال خاندان''' اوس قرون وسطیک اَکھ خاندان ییٚمؠ 9 مہ پیٚٹھٕ 10 مہ صٔدی تام [[کٔشیٖر]] پؠٹھ حوٚکوٗمَتھ کٔر۔ 855 عیسوی مَنٛز [[اَوَنتی ورمن|اَوَنتی ورمنن]] قٲیم کوٚرمت، یِمؠ آے  [[کارکوٹا خاندان]] جاے پؠٹھ۔ یہِ آو برصغیر پاک و ہند کس شمٲلی علاقس مَنٛز وجودس مَنٛز۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Reign&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Sen|first=Sailendra Nath|title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization|publisher=New Age International|year=1999|isbn=978-8122-411-98-0|page=295}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Suyya&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Raina|first=Mohini Qasba|title=Kashur The Kashmiri Speaking People: Analytical Perspective|publisher=Partridge Publishing Singapore|year=2013|isbn=978-1482-899-47-4|page=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[ووٗنٛتؠ پور|اَونتی پور]] تہٕ [[سوپور|سویاپور]] شَہَر آیہ دور حکوٗمتس مَنٛز قٲیم کرنہٕ، تہٕ [[وؠشنوٗ]] تہٕ [[شِو]] دۄشوٕنی خٲطرٕ وقف واریاہ ہیٚنٛدؠ مندر تہٕ بودھ خانقاہ آیہ بناونہٕ، یمن مَنٛز اونتیشور تہٕ اونتی سوامی مندر چھ قابل ذکر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Culture&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Warikoo|first=K|title=Cultural heritage of Jammu and Kashmir|publisher=Pentagon Press|year=2009|isbn=978-8182-743-76-2|page=88}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ذَریعہِ ==

=== ادب ===
[[کَلہَن|کلہانہ]] سٕنٛز [[راج ترنگنی|راجترنگنی]] (11ہِم صٔدی) چھےٚ کٔشیٖرِ ہِنٛدِس پوٚت کالس ہِنٛز خاکہ پیش کَران، تہٕ پنٛنِس پوٗنٛژِمِس حِصس مَنٛز اُتپال خانٛدانس پیٚٹھ توجہ دِوان۔ اَمہِ خانٛدانَن کٔر 9 مہِ پٮ۪ٹھٕ 10 ہِمہِ صٔدی تام حُکوٗمت، ییٚمیُک آغاز 855 عیسوی مَنٛز [[اَوَنتی ورمن|اونتی ورمن]] سۭتہِ گوٚو۔ کلہانَن کٔر تٲریٖخی ذٔریعہٕ یِتھ کٔنہِ زن شجرہٕ، نوشتہٕ، سِکہٕ تہٕ پُران اِستعمال۔ اگرچہ سنسکرتس مَنٛز چھُ اَکھ نایاب قبل از جدیٖد تٲریخی متن سمجھنہٕ یوان، مگر امچ دُرُستگی پؠٹھ چھُ بحث کرنہٕ یوان، یمہٕ سٟتؠ افسانہٕ، سیاست تہٕ جغرافیہ ملاونہٕ چھُ یوان۔ ژوٗرِمہِ کِتابہِ پتہٕ ، [[کارکوٹا خاندان|کارکوٹا خاندانس]] سۭتہِ شروٗع گژھِتھ چھِ اَمیِچہِ تٲریٖخی اعتبارس مَنٛز بہتری یوان ۔ راجترنگنی ، خاص پٲٹھؠ اوریل سٹینن ایڈیشن چھُ کٲشرِ تٲریخُک اَکھ اَہَم ذٔریعہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Siudmak|first=John|url=https://brill.com/view/book/9789004248328/B9789004248328_003.xml|title=1. Historical and Cultural Background of Kashmir Up to 1003 AD|date=2013-01-01|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-90-04-24832-8|pages=11, 16–19, 251, 262|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Zutshi|first=Chitralekha|title=Kashmir|url=https://archive.org/details/alf.alfbk.4687.954.6.chi|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2019|location=Delhi|at=Especially Blessed Landscape/Peripheral Kingdom|chapter=Kashmir as Sacred Space}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== سکہٕ (coins) ===
اُتپال خاندانٕک تمام بڑیو حکمرانو ہنٛد طرفہٕ جٲری کرنہٕ آمٕتؠ سکہٕ چھ لبنہٕ آمٕتؠ۔

==حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}</text>
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    <title>سوٗرَے الفتح</title>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="2365" sha1="42n5ir819f2vequtsytb10vt6xbkkne" xml:space="preserve">{{infobox surah
| number         = 48
| number-3       = 048
| name           = Al-Fatḥ
| name-ar        = الْفَتْح
| name-en        = The Victory’s 
| prev_sura      = Quran 47
| next_sura      = Quran 49
| classification = Medinan
| othernames-ar  = &lt;!-- alternate Arabic names --&gt;
| othernames     = &lt;!-- only if applicable --&gt;
| juz            = 26
| rukus          = 4
| verses         = 29
| words          = 560
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| muqattaat      = &lt;!-- only if applicable --&gt;
| sajdahs        = &lt;!-- only if applicable --&gt;
| audio          = Chapter 48, Al-Fath (Mujawwad) - Recitation of the Holy Qur'an.mp3
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سوٗرَے الفتح چھ [[قُرآن|قرآن پاک]] 48 ہم باب ([[سوٗرٕ]]) یَتھ مَنٛز 29 آیتہٕ چھ۔  سوٗرٕ آیٔیہٕ حجہٕ کہ شیٚیمہ ؤریس مَنٛز، مسلم شہری رِیاسَتھ مدینہ تہٕ مکہ مشرکین درمیان حدود کہ معاہدٕ کہ موقعس پؠٹھ، [[مدیٖن|مدینہ]] مَنٛز نازل کرنہٕ۔ اَتھ مَنٛز چھ اَمہِ فتحک ذکر آمت کرنہٕ، پتہٕ چھ مُنافقن ہنٛدین رویس پؠٹھ تَنقیٖد یوان کرنہٕ، مسلمانن سٟتؠ مزیٖد وعدٕ کران چھ جٲری، تہٕ مسلم برادری ہنٛدین بعض اہم خوبین ہنٛد ذکر کٔرِتھ چھ ختم گژھان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ünal, Ali.|title=[[The Qur'an with Annotated Interpretation in Modern English]]|date=2008|publisher=Tughra Books|isbn=978-1-59784-144-3|location=Somerset, N.J.|pages=[https://archive.org/details/quranwithannotat0000unal/page/1038 1038]|oclc=234244740}}&lt;/ref&gt;

سِپار چھ امک ناو ابتدٲئی آیتہٕ پیٹھہٕ آمت، یَتھ مَنٛز وننہٕ چھ آمت ز &quot;درحقیٖقت، أسؠ چھ تۄہہ اَکھ واضح فتح عطا کٔرمت&quot;... معاہدٕ کس براہ راست حوالہٕ سٟتؠ یَتھ پؠٹھ مخالف قوتن درمیان تعاون تہٕ خونریزی بغٲر دستخط اوس آمت کرنہٕ۔ اَمہِ محادٕک وجہ، تہٕ اَمہِ وجہ سٟتؠ بابس، &quot;واضح فتح&quot; وننہٕ چھ یوان، یہٕ چھ بٔڑس پیمانس پؠٹھ امکہ پرامن نوعیت کہ وجہ سٟتؠ ماننہٕ یوان۔

==حَوالہٕ==</text>
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      <text bytes="3670" sha1="jqz6abetqy0swms1l9q6epo59cjqn8j" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox legislature
 | name               = سِریٖنَگَر میوٗنسپل کارپوریشن
 | house_type         = میوٗنسپل کارپوریشن
 | foundation         = {{start date and age|1886}}
 | leader1_type       = مییَر
 | leader1            = 
 | leader2_type       = ڈِپٹی مییَر
 | leader2            = 
 | leader3_type       = میوٗنسپل کمِشنر
 | leader3            = [[اُویس احمد رانا]]
 | leader4_type       = چیٖف اینفورسمینٛٹ اَفسر
 | leader4            = [[سُہیل نبی چِنٛٹساز]]
 | leader5_type       = چیٖف ریوِنیٛو اَفسر
 | leader5            = [[سُہیل نبی چِنٛٹساز]]
 | leader6_type       = IT ہیڈ
 | leader6            = [[سُہیل نبی چِنٛٹساز]]
 | seats  = 74
 | structure1 = India Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir Municipal Corporation 2020.svg
 | structure1_res = 300px
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'''گورنمنٛٹ (52)'''
*{{Color box|{{Party color|Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party}}}} [[Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party|JKAP]] (2)
'''Confidence and supply '''
*{{Color box|#B2B2B2}} [[Independent politician|IND]] (50)
'''Others (22)'''
*{{Color box|{{Party color|Indian National Congress}}}} [[Indian National Congress|INC]] (15)
*{{Color box|{{Party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}}} [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (4)
*{{Color box|{{Party color|Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference}}}} [[Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference|JKNC]] (2)
*{{Color box|{{Party color|Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party}}}} [[Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party|JKPDP]] (1)
 | voting_system1     = [[First-past-the-post voting|First past the post]]
 | last_election1     = 2018
 | next_election1     = 2024
 | meeting_place      = [[سِریٖنَگَر]], [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)]]
 | website            = {{url|https://smcsrinagar.in}}
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سِریٖنَگَر میوٗنسپل کارپوریشن چھ اَکھ گَوَرنِنٛگ باڈی یس ہنٛدستٲنؠ شَہَر [[سِریٖنَگَر|سری نگر]] کہ انتظامیہ خٲطرٕ ذمہٕ دار چھ۔ ہندوستانس مَنٛز میونسپل کارپوریشنک نظام اوس برطٲنوی نوآبادیاتی دور مَنٛز 1688 مَنٛز چنئی مَنٛز میونسپل کارپوریشن کس بنیادس سٟتؠ قٲئم گومُت، یمہٕ پتہٕ 1762 تام [[ممبئی]] تہٕ [[کَلٕکَتا|کولکتہ]] مَنٛز میونسپل کارپورشنک قیام عملس مَنٛز آو۔&lt;ref name=&quot;May ref5&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Gupta|first=Anupam|title=City Mayors: Indian Mayors|url=http://www.citymayors.com/mayors/indian-mayors.html|accessdate=29 October 2021|publisher=citymayors.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; سری نگر میونسپل کارپوریشنٕچ قیادت چھ شہرٕکؠ میئر۔ کران تہٕ أکؠ کمشنر چھ اَتھ پؠٹھ نظر تھاوان۔

== توٲریٖخ تہٕ انتظامیہ ==

سری نگر میوٗنسپل کارپوریشن کہ قیامک مقصد چھ مقٲمی آبٲدی ہنٛز ضروٗرتہٕ پتہٕ قصبس مَنٛز بنیٲدی ڈھانٛچس مَنٛز اضافہٕ کرن۔ 

کارپوریشن چھ وارڈن مَنٛز تقسیٖم کرنہٕ آمت، یمن مَنٛز پرٛؠتھ أکس ہٕنٛز قیادت اَکھ کونسلر کران چھ، یَتھ مَنٛز پرٛؠتھ پانژوٚرن ؤرین مَنٛز انتخاب چھ گژھان۔ سری نگر میونسپل کارپوریشنٕچ میئر سٕنٛز سیٹ چھےٚ وٕنکیٚنس خٲلی۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر]]</text>
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    <title>شیخ یعقوب صرفی کشمیری</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="1552" sha1="ekk1v6b32n77e35wpq6pynf5zaoyy3c" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ}}
شیخ یعقوب صرفی کشمیری (1521–1595)، اوس اَکھ کٲشُر عٔلیم، فقیہ، شٲعر، مُصنِف، فنکار، مفسر، محدث تہٕ کُبروی ہمدانی ترتیب ہند اَکھ صوفی شیخ
==اِبتِدٲیی زِندگی==
یعقوب زاو سری نگرَس مَنٛز میر حسن غنی یُس اَکھ عٲلِم تہِ اوس۔ شیٚیہِ یا سَتھ وٲنٛسہِ مَنٛز کوٚر تٔمؠ قرآن حفظ تہٕ کٔرٕن امِکؠ آیات فارسی زبانہِ مَنٛز لیکھٕنؠ شۆروٗع۔
==کأم==
*شرح بخاری، شیخ محمد اسماعیل البخاری سنٛز کتاب صٔحیٖح البخاری پؠٹھ اَکھ فارسی تبصرٕ۔
*مطلب الطالبان فی تفسیر کلام رب العلمین (تفسیر)&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=(PDF) Shaikh Yaqub Sarfi of Kashmir: A Case Study of his literary and political contribution|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/360112570_Shaikh_Yaqub_Sarfi_of_Kashmir_A_Case_Study_of_his_literary_and_political_contribution|access-date=2025-02-09|website=ResearchGate|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*دیوان سرفی&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=https://archive.org/details/DivanESarfi-SheikhYaqoobSarfiKashmiriFarsi|title=Divan e Sarfi - Sheikh Yaqoob Sarfi Kashmiri (Farsi)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*کُنز الجواہِر&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-0216/ijsrp-p5039.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;
*لیلیٰ مجنون

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:کٲشُر شٲعِر]]</text>
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    <title>کٔشیٖر ہِنٛز گونَندا خاندان</title>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="5109" sha1="sic022qxb9uuhrp6ulwvtyngovnjcjf" xml:space="preserve">{{مُلُک معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ|native_name=(Gonanda dynasty II)|conventional_long_name=[[کٔشیٖر]] ہِنٛز گونَندا خاندان|common_name=گونَندا خاندان|era=پرٛون ہِندوستان|status=|event_start=|year_start=c. 25 CE|date_start=|event1=|date_event1=|event_end=|year_end=c. 625 CE|date_end=|p1=کُشَن سَلطنت|p2=|p3=|s1=کارکوٹا خاندان|s2=|image_flag=|flag_type=|image_coat=|image_map={{South Asia in 600 CE|center|{{center|[[سِریٖنَگَر|سری نگرا]] أنٛدؠ پٔکھؠ کارکوٹا خاندانُک قلب علاقہٕ، ہمسایہِ ریاستن سۭتؠ، تقریباً 700 عیسوی.&lt;ref name=&quot;A Historical atlas of South Asia&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Schwartzberg |first1=Joseph E. |title=A Historical atlas of South Asia |date=1978 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |page=146, map XIV.2 (f) |isbn=0226742210 |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/pager.html?object=183 |access-date=2025-02-09 |archive-date=2021-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224144259/https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/pager.html?object=183 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}|{{Annotation|102|37|[[File:Long Fine Rectangle (plain).png|45px]]}}||none}}|map_caption=|capital=|common_languages=[[سَنَسکرٕٛت زَبان]]|religion=[[ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم]]|government_type=بادشٲہیت|leader1=|year_leader1=|leader2=|year_leader2=|leader3=|year_leader3=|title_leader=|legislature=}}
'''دویٚم گونَندا خاندان''' (یا '''بحال شدہ گونَندا خاندان''') اوس اَکھ [[کٲشِرؠ لوٗکھ|کٲشِر]] [[ہیٚنٛدؠ]] خاندان۔ [[کَلہَن|کٗلہنا]] سٕنٛد مطٲبق، اَمہِ خانٛدانن کٕر [[کارکوٹا خاندان|کرکوٹا]] برٛونٛہہ [[کٔشیٖر|کشمیر]] پؠٹھ حوٚکوٗمَتھ۔

== ذَریعہِ  ==

=== ادب ===
جدید ادب چھ نہٕ موجود کینٛہہ۔

واحد ذکر چھ ''[[راج ترنگنی|راجترنٛگنی]]'' ہٕنٛز ترٛیٚیم کتاب پیٚٹھٕ حٲصل کرنہٕ آمت، یس کلہان سٕنٛز 11 ہمہ صٔدی ہٕنٛز کٲم ٲس، ییٚمیک مقصد پرٛانؠو زمانو پیٚٹھٕہٕ کشمیر چہ تٲریٖخک خاکہ بناون اوس، تہٕ یمو کوٚر کرکوٹا خاندانس پؠٹھ سرٛنؠ پٲٹھؠ بحث۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Siudmak|first=John|url=https://brill.com/view/book/9789004248328/B9789004248328_003.xml|title=1. Historical and Cultural Background of Kashmir Up to 1003 AD|date=2013-01-01|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-90-04-24832-8|pages=11, 16–19, 251, 262|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Zutshi|first=Chitralekha|title=Kashmir|url=https://archive.org/details/alf.alfbk.4687.954.6.chi|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2019|location=Delhi|at=Especially Blessed Landscape/Peripheral Kingdom|chapter=Kashmir as Sacred Space}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== سِکہٕ ===
حالٕے دریافت کرنہٕ آمٕتؠ سِکہٕ، حالانٛکہِ نایاب چھِ، چھِ خاندانٕکؠ کینٛہہ ناوَن (میگھواہنا، پروراسینا، ٹنجینا، تہٕ تورامانا) ہٕنٛز تصدیق کران۔ یِم سِکہٕ، یِم عام طور پٲٹھؠ ترٛام، رۄپہٕ یا بےٚ بنیاد سۄنہٕ سٟتؠ بناونہٕ چھِ یِوان تہٕ کُشان تہٕ کیداریٹ ڈیزائنو سٟتؠ متٲثر گژھن وٲلؠ، چھِ شیو برٛونٛہہ کُن تہٕ بادشاہ سٕنٛدِس ناوَس تہٕ باقٕے داستانَن سٟتؠ اَکھ دیوی (آرڈوکشو یا لکشمی) ہاوان۔&lt;gallery widths=&quot;200px&quot; heights=&quot;100px&quot; perrow=&quot;4&quot;&gt;
File:Post-Kushan Gandhara Kidara Shahis Sri Pravarasena Circa 6th-early 7th century CE.jpg|Coinage of [[Sri Pravarasena|Pravarasena]], supposed founder of [[Srinagar]]. ''Obverse:'' Standing [[Shiva]] with two figures seated below۔ Name &quot;Pravarasena&quot;. ''Reverse:'' goddess seated on a lion۔ Legend &quot;Kidāra&quot;. Circa 6th-early 7th century CE.&lt;ref name=&quot;JC&quot;/&gt;
File:Sri Tujina۔ Circa 7th century CE, Kashmir.jpg|Coin in the name of ''Sri Tujina''. Circa 7th century CE, Kashmir.&lt;ref name=&quot;JC&quot;/&gt; ''Obverse'': King in Kushan style, legend to left: &quot;Sri Tu[jina]&quot;. ''Reverse'': goddess on a lotus, legend to left: &quot;Jaya&quot;, to right: &quot;Kidara&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal |page=6 |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Journal_of_the_Asiatic_Society_of_Bengal_%28IA_journalofasiatic6618asia%29.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;
File:Alchon Huns Toramana II Circa AD 540-570.jpg|Coin in the name of ''Śrī Toramaņa'' (the Kashmir ruler named [[Toramana of Kashmir|Toramana]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;JC&quot;/&gt; 
&lt;/gallery&gt;

۔&lt;ref name=&quot;JC&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Cribb|first=Joe|year=2016|title=Early Medieval Kashmir Coinage – A New Hoard and An Anomaly|url=https://www.academia.edu/32663187|journal=Numismatic Digest|language=en|volume=40}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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'''شنٛکرگوریشوَر مَندَر'''   چھِ 9 مہ صدی ہنٛد اَکھ [[ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم|ہیٚنٛد]] مندر یس [[اُتپالا خاندان|اتپال خانٛدانس]] سٟتؠ منسوٗب چھ۔ یہِ مَندَر  چھ [[ہیٚنٛدؠ|ہیٚنٛد]] دیوتا [[شِو|شِوہس]] وقف تہٕ چھ ہندوستان کس [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کس [[وَرمُل ضِلہٕ]] مَنٛز [[پَٹن|پٹن]] مَنٛز واقع۔ یہِ مَندَر اوس [[وادی کشمیر|کشمیر]] کس اتپال خاندان کس بادشاہ شنکر ورمنن تعٲمیر کۆرمت، ییٚمؠ 883 تہٕ 902 عیسوی درمیان حوٚکوٗمَتھ کٔر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Burke&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Burke|first=John|date=1868|title=Shankaragaurishvara Temple at Patan, on the road between Srinagar and Baramula: view of the front or west face|url=http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/photocoll/s/019pho0000981s1u00032000.html|publisher=Online gallery British Library|access-date=2025-02-09|archive-date=2022-03-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220310105227/http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/photocoll/s/019pho0000981s1u00032000.html|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220310105227/http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/photocoll/s/019pho0000981s1u00032000.html |date=2022-03-10 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

مندر چھ خستہ حال تہٕ چھ نہٕ وۄنؠ پوٗزا یوان کرنہٕ کینٛہہ۔ یہِ چھ [[شنٛکراچاریہ مَندَر]] ہوی اندازس مَنٛز بناونہٕ آمت۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Temples of Jammu &amp; Kashmir|url=http://www.kamakoti.org/kamakoti/kashmir/Temples%20of%20Jammu%20and%20Kashmir.html|website=Shankaragaurishvara temple|publisher=Kamakoto organization}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ رِیاسَتھ جموں و کشمیرس مَنٛز سیاحت فروغ دنہٕ خٲطرٕ 15 کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ اہم مَندرَن مَنٛز اَکھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Application Of Promotion Tools In Hospitality And Tourism Industry and Its Role in Developing the Jammu and Kashmir as a Tourist Destination|url=http://www.revistadeturism.ro/rdt/article/viewFile/277/193|publisher=Journal of Tourism Studies and Research in Tourism|page=39|access-date=2025-02-09|archive-date=2025-02-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250223144926/http://www.revistadeturism.ro/rdt/article/viewFile/277/193|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250223144926/http://www.revistadeturism.ro/rdt/article/viewFile/277/193 |date=2025-02-23 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== توٲریٖخ  ==

یہِ مندر اوس بادشاہ شنکرورمنن (883-902) ′ بنوومٗت۔ تمہ سُنٛد [[مول]] [[اَوَنتی ورمن]] اوس [[اُتپالا خاندان|اُتپال خاندان]] قٲیم کوٚرمت تہٕ 883 ہس مَنٛز تمہ سنٛد مرنہٕ پتہٕ اوس تمہ سنٛد نیٚچوٗ تمہ سنٛد جانشین سمبھول۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Sen1999&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Sailendra Nath Sen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&amp;pg=PA295|title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization|date=1 January 1999|publisher=New Age International|isbn=978-81-224-1198-0|pages=295–96}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Luniya1978&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Bhanwarlal Nathuram Luniya|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2wFuAAAAMAAJ|title=Life and culture in medieval India|publisher=Kamal Prakashan|year=1978|page=516}}&lt;/ref&gt; تمہ بنوو مندر پننہ رازدٲنی شہرس مَنٛز، یَتھ تمہ وزِ '''شنٛکرپٹن''' ونان اوس، یس از '''پٹن''' چھ، جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر چہ رازدٲنہ [[سِریٖنَگَر]] شَہَر پؠٹھ 27 کلومیٖٹر (17 میٖل) دوٗر۔  تمہ کوٚر مندر بھگوان شوہس وقف۔ امیک ناو چھ پانہٕ بادشاہس پؠٹھ تھونہٕ آمت۔ أمہ سٕنٛز مذہبی وابستگی ٲس ہیٚنٛد شیو متس سٟتؠ۔ 
[[File:Pattan_Monument.jpg|thumb|شنٛکرگوریشوَر مندر (اَکتوٗبر 2021) ]]

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:وَرمُل ضِلہٕ]]</text>
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        <id>8158</id>
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      <comment>Add 2 books for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="5508" sha1="7ime76obu8r1k5hmx7bjjk0jtdi4g2i" xml:space="preserve">راجناک '''کیمراج''' (10 مہ صدی کس ٲخرس پؠٹھ 11 مہ صدی کس اوائلس تام) اوس [[اَبھِنَو گُپت|ابھینوا گپتا]] سنٛد فلسفی شاگرد، یس تانتر۔ [[یوگا|یوگ۔]] شاعری تہٕ ڈرامہ نظارہ۔ ہنٛد ماہر سمجنہٕ یوان اوس۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Wilberg|first=Peter|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rWE0HcgTmGAC|title=Heidegger, Phenomenology and Indian Thought|publisher=New Gnosis Publications|year=2008|isbn=978-1-904519-08-9|access-date=2011-07-17}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFWilberg2008&quot;&gt;Wilberg, Peter (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=rWE0HcgTmGAC ''Heidegger, Phenomenology and Indian Thought'']. New Gnosis Publications. [[بَین الاقوٲمی معیار کِتاب نَمبَر|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-904519-08-9|&lt;bdi&gt;978-1-904519-08-9&lt;/bdi&gt;]]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;17 July&lt;/span&gt; 2011&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kshemaraja, w/ trans. and commentary by Jai Deva Singh|title=Pratyabhijnahridayam|url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.40271|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers|year=1963|isbn=8120803221|location=Bungalow Road, Delhi 110 007}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFKshemaraja,_w/_trans._and_commentary_by_Jai_Deva_Singh1963&quot;&gt;Kshemaraja, w/ trans۔ and commentary by Jai Deva Singh (1963). ''Pratyabhijnahridayam''. Bungalow Road, Delhi 110 007: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. [[بَین الاقوٲمی معیار کِتاب نَمبَر|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/8120803221|&lt;bdi&gt;8120803221&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-maint citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[فرما:کِتاب حَوالہٕ|cite book]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;:  CS1 maint: location ([[:Category:CS1 maint: location|link]])&lt;/span&gt;
[[Category:CS1 maint: location]]&lt;/ref&gt; کیماراج سنٛز زندگی یا مٲلس ماجہٕ کس بارس مَنٛز چھنہٕ زیٛادٕ زانٛکٲری۔ أمہ سنٛد اہم شاگرد اُوس اَکھ رِشی یِس یوگراج ناو اوس۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Lakshmanjoo|title=Kashmir Shaivism|publisher=Lakshmanjoo Academy|year=2015|isbn=978-0-9966365-2-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

کیماراجن عظیم تصنیف ٲس پرتیاڀیناہدیہ ('خود شناختک دل') ۔ اَتھ متنس مَنٛز چھُ کیماراج طٲلبہ علمو خٲطرٕ سوتراز اَکھ مختصر سیٹس مَنٛز پراتیابھنا فَلسفک اہم اصول بیان کران۔

== __LEAD_SECTION__ ==

راجناک '''کیمراج''' (10 مہ صدی کس ٲخرس پؠٹھ 11 مہ صدی کس اوائلس تام) اوس [[اَبھِنَو گُپت|ابھینوا گپتا]] سنٛد فلسفی شاگرد، یس تانتر۔ [[یوگا|یوگ۔]] شاعری تہٕ ڈرامہ نظارہ۔ ہنٛد ماہر سمجنہٕ یوان اوس۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Wilberg|first=Peter|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rWE0HcgTmGAC|title=Heidegger, Phenomenology and Indian Thought|publisher=New Gnosis Publications|year=2008|isbn=978-1-904519-08-9|access-date=2011-07-17}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFWilberg2008&quot;&gt;Wilberg, Peter (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=rWE0HcgTmGAC ''Heidegger, Phenomenology and Indian Thought'']. New Gnosis Publications. [[بَین الاقوٲمی معیار کِتاب نَمبَر|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-1-904519-08-9|&lt;bdi&gt;978-1-904519-08-9&lt;/bdi&gt;]]&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;17 July&lt;/span&gt; 2011&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kshemaraja, w/ trans. and commentary by Jai Deva Singh|title=Pratyabhijnahridayam|url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.40271|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers|year=1963|isbn=8120803221|location=Bungalow Road, Delhi 110 007}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFKshemaraja,_w/_trans._and_commentary_by_Jai_Deva_Singh1963&quot;&gt;Kshemaraja, w/ trans۔ and commentary by Jai Deva Singh (1963). ''Pratyabhijnahridayam''. Bungalow Road, Delhi 110 007: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. [[بَین الاقوٲمی معیار کِتاب نَمبَر|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/8120803221|&lt;bdi&gt;8120803221&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-maint citation-comment&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[فرما:کِتاب حَوالہٕ|cite book]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;:  CS1 maint: location ([[:Category:CS1 maint: location|link]])&lt;/span&gt;
[[Category:CS1 maint: location]]&lt;/ref&gt; کیماراج سنٛز زندگی یا مٲلس ماجہٕ کس بارس مَنٛز چھنہٕ زیٛادٕ زانٛکٲری۔ أمہ سنٛد اہم شاگرد اُوس اَکھ رِشی یِس یوگراج ناو اوس۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Lakshmanjoo|title=Kashmir Shaivism|publisher=Lakshmanjoo Academy|year=2015|isbn=978-0-9966365-2-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

کیماراجن عظیم تصنیف ٲس پرتیاڀیناہدیہ ('خود شناختک دل') ۔ اَتھ متنس مَنٛز چھُ کیماراج طٲلبہ علمو خٲطرٕ سوتراز اَکھ مختصر سیٹس مَنٛز پراتیابھنا فَلسفک اہم اصول بیان کران۔</text>
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    <title>سۄنہٕ مرٕگ ٹَنَل</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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| name = سۄنہٕ مرٕگ ٹَنَل &lt;br&gt; سۄنہٕ مرٕگ سۄرنٛگ 
| other_name = 
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| location    = [[سۄنہٕ مرٕگ]] تہٕ [[گاندربل]] ، [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیٖر]]
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|start        = گنگاگیر&lt;ref name=&quot;riskas&quot;&gt;{{Cite web | url=http://www.risingkashmir.com/gadkari-to-inaugurate-65-km-z-morh-tunnel-today-23962d72-7741-4dcb-a1c1-e24dc1b18fab | title=Gadkari to inaugurate 6.5 km Z-Morh tunnel today | date=2023-04-10 | publisher=[[Rising Kashmir]] | website=www.risingkashmir.com | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410051218/http://www.risingkashmir.com/gadkari-to-inaugurate-65-km-z-morh-tunnel-today-23962d72-7741-4dcb-a1c1-e24dc1b18fab | archive-date=2023-04-10 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410051218/http://www.risingkashmir.com/gadkari-to-inaugurate-65-km-z-morh-tunnel-today-23962d72-7741-4dcb-a1c1-e24dc1b18fab |date=2023-04-10 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|end          = [[سۄنہٕ مرٕگ]]
|startwork    = مئی 2015
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'''سۄنہٕ مرٕگ ٹَنَل یا سۄنہٕ مرٕگ سۄرنٛگ''' چھُ اَکھ روڈ ٹنل یُس [[ہِندوستان]] کِس [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کِس [[گانٛدَربَل ضِلہٕ|گاندربل ضلع]] مَنٛز [[گانٛدَربَل ضِلہٕ|گگنگیر]] تہٕ [[سۄنہٕ مرٕگ|سۄنہٕ مرٕگس]] جوڑان چھُ۔  اَتھ چھُ نیشنل ہائی وے 1 ہٕچ زٕ لین۔ یہِ چھُ سڑکہ ہنٛدؠ زیڈ شکلہ ہٕنٛدؠ حصہٕ بائی پاس کران، یُس زن اُوس اولانشک شکار آسان تہٕ ونٛدس مَنٛز چھ واریاہ زیٛادٕ برفباری ہٕنٛد وجہ سٟتؠ بنٛد گژھان۔ وونہ گو٘ وونہ گو یہِ سرٛنہ چھےٚ [[سۄنہٕ مرٕگ]] ہر موسمس مَنٛز رٲبطہٕ فراہم کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Press Release: Press Information Bureau|url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1915295}}&lt;/ref&gt; 6, 5 کلومیٹر لمبہٕ سرنگٕ سفر کرنس چھُ پٔتمہ زگ زیگ سڑکہ پؠٹھ گھنٹن ہنٛدس مقابلس مَنٛز صرف 15 منٹ لگان۔ &amp;nbsp;

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ]]</text>
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جموں و کشمیر ٲیین ساز اسمبلی ٲس 1951 ہس مَنٛز [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جموں و کشمیرک]] ٲیین بناونہٕ خٲطرٕ منتخب کرنہٕ آمٕتہ نمایندن ہنٛز اَکھ جماعت۔ آئین ساز اسمبلی آیہ 26 جَنؤری 1957 ٹھس مَنٛز تحلیل کرنہٕ، میٖر قاسِم سٕنٛد قرارداد کس بنیادس پیٚٹھ، ییٚمؠ 17 نَوَمبَر 1956 ٹھس مَنٛز جموں و کشمیرک آئین منظور تہٕ توثیق کٔر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Noorani2014&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=A.G. Noorani|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6PQtDwAAQBAJ|title=Article 370: A Constitutional History of Jammu and Kashmir|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2014|isbn=978-0-19-908855-3|pages=9–11, Chapter 7 Doc #16}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''ایٚلزَبیتھ بلیک ویٚل''' (3 فَرؤری 1821-31 مئی 1910) ٲس اَکھ انگریز-امریکی طبیب، یم ریاستہائے متحدس مَنٛز طبی ڈگری حٲصل کرن واجیٚنؠ گۄڑنچ زَنان تہٕ برطانیہ خٲطرٕ جنرل میڈیکل کونسل میڈیکل رجسٹرٕچ گۄڑنچ زنانہٕ ٲس۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Boyd|first=Julia|title=The Excellent Doctor Blackwell: The Life of the First Woman Physician|url=https://archive.org/details/excellentdoctorb0000juli|publisher=Thistle Publishing|year=2013|isbn=9781909609785}}&lt;/ref&gt; {{spaced ndash}} بلیک ویلن کوٚر ریاستہائے متحدہ تہٕ برطانیہ دۄشونی مَنٛز بطور اَکھ سمٲجی مصلح اہم کردار ادا، تہٕ اوس طبس مَنٛز زنانن خٲطرٕ تعلیمس فروغ دینک علمبردار۔ تیم سُنٛدٕ تعاون چھ ایٚلزَبیتھ بلیک ویٚل میڈل سٟتؠ مناونہٕ یوان، یوس پرؠتھ ؤری چھ ایکہ تتھ زنانہٕ سٟتؠ نوازنہٕ یوان یوس طبس مَنٛز چھ زنانن ہنٛد فروغ خٲطرٕہ اہم کردار ادا کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt;

بلیک ویٚلس ٲس نہٕ گۄڑنکس مَنٛز طبس مَنٛز کیریئرچ دلچسپی تھاوان کینٛہہ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;/&gt; سۄ بنییہ پنٛنہ خاندانٕچ کفالت کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اَکھ سکوٗل ٹیچر۔ یہِ پیشہٕ اوس 1800 کہ دہلس دوران زنانن خٲطرٕ ٹھیٖک سمجھنہٕ یوان تاہم، تیٚمؠ لۆب جلدی یہٕ پننس خٲطرٕ نامُناسب۔ طبس مَنٛز گیؠ بلیک ویٚل سٕنٛز دلچسپی امہٕ وقتہٕ شروٗع ییٚلہٕ تم سٕنٛز اَکھ دوست بیمار گۆو تہٕ تؠمؠ سوٗنٛچ دُیتھ زِ اگر سۄ زنانہٕ ڈاکٹرن آس ہیٛا تہٕ امچ دیکھ بھال کرمژ تیلہٕ ہیکہٕ نہٕ سوٛ یوٗتاہ تکلیٖف تُلُن۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt; بلیک ویلن کٔر میڈیکل سکوٗلن مَنٛز درخواست دین شروٗع تہٕ فوری طور پٲٹھؠ کرن پننہٕ جنسس خَلاف تعصب برداشت کرن شروٗع یس پننہٕ پوٗرٕ کیریئرس مَنٛز برقرار روٗز۔ سوٛ ٲس نیو یارک کس جنیوا میڈیکل کالجس علاوٕ ہر اکس میڈیکل سکوٗلس مَنٛز مسترد کرنہٕ آمژ، ییتھ مَنٛز مرد طلباءو بلیک ویلچ قبوٗلیت کس حقس مَنٛز ووٹ دیت، حالانٛکہ یہٕ اوس اَکھ مذاق۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Boomer|first=Lee|title=Life Story: Elizabeth Blackwell|url=https://wams.nyhistory.org/a-nation-divided/civil-war/elizabeth-blackwell/|access-date=2025-02-22|archive-date=2025-03-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250323013043/https://wams.nyhistory.org/a-nation-divided/civil-war/elizabeth-blackwell/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Krasner|first=Barbara|date=2018|title=Elizabeth Blackwell: Doctor|url=http://libraries.ou.edu/access.aspx?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=f5h&amp;AN=128080823&amp;site=ehost-live|journal=Cobblestone|volume=39|pages=20|via=EBSCO Collection}}&lt;/ref&gt; یَتھ پٲٹھؠ، 1847 مَنٛز، بلیک ویل بنییہٕ امریکہس مَنٛز میڈیکل سکوٗلس مَنٛز شرکت کرن وٲل گوڈنچ خاتوٗن۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot; /&gt;

بلیک ویلن کٔر 1857 مَنٛز پننہٕ بہن ایملی بلیک ویل سٟتؠ نیو یارک انفرمری فار ویمن اینڈ چلڈرنچ بنیاد، تہٕ کۆرُن  کورِ تٲلیٖم کس اہمیتس پؠٹھ زنانن سامعینن لیکچر دین شۆروٗع۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:23&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|date=1910|title=Elizabeth Blackwell, M.D., Consulting Physician, New Hospital For Women|journal=The British Medical Journal|volume=1|issue=2581|pages=1523–1524|doi=10.1136/bmj.1.2581.1523-b|jstor=25291104}}&lt;/ref&gt; تیم کور امریکی خانہ جنگی دوران نرسن منظم کٔرِتھ اَکھ اہم کردار ادا، تہٕ انفرمری کوٚر زنانن خٲطرٕ اَکھ میڈیکل سکوٗلُک پروگرام تیار، یوس مریضن خأطرٕ کٲفی کٲم اوس فراہم کران (کلینیکل ایجوکیشن) ۔ انگلینڈ واپس، تم کر 1874 مَنٛز لندن اسکول آف میڈیسن فار ویمنز بناونس مَنٛز مدد۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:1821 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:1910 وَفات]]</text>
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    <title>سکینہ کرچوئی</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''سکیِنہ کرچوئی''' (پیدٲیش 26 جَنؤری 1996) چھِ اَکھ فرانسیسِی پیشہ وّر [[فٹ بال|فٹ بالر]] یسِ پریمیر لیگ کلب پیرس سینٹ جِرمین تہٕ فرانس کسِ قومی ٹیم خٲطرٕ لیفٹ بیک پٲٹھؠ چھِ گنٛدان۔
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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    <title>سیعدا عمر فاروک</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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صدیا '''عمر فاروق''' (پٲدٲیِش 5 نَوَمبَر 1974) چھ اَکھ نائیجیرین سیاست دان یمؠ اِنسٲنی امور، آفات کہ انتظام تہٕ سمٲجی ترقی ہند وزیر کس طورس پؠٹھ کٲم ٲس کٔرمٕژ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-50003638|title=Hajiya &quot;Sadiya Umar Farouq&quot; biography: Buhari youngest cabinet minister profile|date=2019-10-10|journal=[[BBC News Pidgin]]|accessdate=2021-09-22}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2021-10-25|title=FG will address plight of poor, vulnerable Nigerians despite economic challenges – Minister|url=https://guardian.ng/news/fg-will-address-plight-of-poor-vulnerable-nigerians-despite-economic-challenges-minister/|accessdate=2022-02-22|journal=[[The Guardian (Nigeria)|The Guardian]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ٍطور بے گھر افرادن ہنٛدؠ وفاقی کمشنر پٲٹھؠ کٲم۔

صدر بوہاریس سٟتؠ تہنٛز کٲم چھ بوہاری سندیو دۄہن پیٹھہٕ ناکارٕہ کانگریس فار پروگریسو چینج کس رہنما تہٕ صدارتی امیدوار کس طورس پؠٹھ شۆروٗع گژھان ییلہٕ فاروق سی پی سی ہک قومی خزانچی تہٕ پتہٕ آل پُروگریسو کانگریسک قومی ّخزانچیر اوس۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BBC&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-50003638|title=Hajiya &quot;Sadiya Umar Farouq&quot; biography: Buhari youngest cabinet minister profile|date=2019-10-10|journal=[[BBC News Pidgin]]|accessdate=2021-09-22}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/pidgin/tori-50003638 &quot;Hajiya &quot;Sadiya Umar Farouq&quot; biography: Buhari youngest cabinet minister profile&quot;]. ''[[BBC News Pidgin]]''. 10 October 2019&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;22 September&lt;/span&gt; 2021&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

==  پسمنظر ==
سعدیہ عمر فاروق زاو 5 نَوَمبَر 1974 زُرمی، زمفرا رِیاست کِس مُقٲمی حُکوٗمتی علاقس مَنٛز۔ تٔمؠ کٔر فیڈرل گورنمنٹ گرلز کالج گساؤ، زمفارا سٹیٹَس مَنٛز شرکت، تہٕ پتہٕ گٔیہٕ احمدو بیلو یونیورسٹی، زاریا کُن، ییٚتہِ تٔمؠ 1998 مَنٛز بزنس ایڈمنسٹریشن مَنٛز بی ایس سی گریجویشن کٔر تہٕ 2008 مَنٛز بین الاقوٲمی امور تہٕ ڈپلومیسی مَنٛز أتھؠ یونیورسٹی مَنٛز پنٕنؠ ماسٹر ڈگری ایم ایس سی تہٕ 2009 مَنٛز بزنس ایڈمنسٹریشن ایم بی اے مَنٛز بیٛاکھ ماسٹر ڈگری تہٕ کٔر کامیٲبی سان مکمل۔

==ابتدایٍی زنرگیٍ==
سادیہ عمر فاروق گٔیہِ قومی اسمبلی مَنٛز پنُن اَکھ ؤرؠ یُک لٲزمی سروس ؤری، ییٚتہِ سۄ 2003 ہَس مَنٛز نیشنل اسمبلی سروس کمیشنَس مَنٛز بطور انتظامی افسر 2 بطور منتظم تہِ ملازم ٲس ییٚتہِ سۄ پرنسپل ایڈمنسٹریٹر افسر کِس عہدَس پؠٹھ وٲژ۔ 1999 پٮ۪ٹھٕ 2000 ہَس تام کٔر سعدیہ عمر فاروقَن ہوابازی پؠٹھ سینیٹ کمیٹی تحت کٲم تہٕ چھِ تخصیص پؠٹھ سینیٹ کمیٹی سٟتؠ کٲم کران۔ تٔمؠ کٔر 2001 تہٕ 2003 ہَس درمیان نائجیریا کِس ٹریول ایجنسی پنیکل ٹریول ٹورز لمیٹڈَس مَنٛز آپریشن منیجر سنٛد پٲٹھؠ تہِ کٲم۔
[[زٲژ:1974 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <text bytes="2347" sha1="7u1q97hjqrsn43shc37si58duu4k3d2" xml:space="preserve">'''ضحناب الغزالی''' (عربی: زینب الغزالی 2 جَنؤری 1917-3 اَگَست 2005) اوس اَکھ مصری مُسلمان کارکن۔  ُسۄ ٲسٍ مُسلمٍ وومن ایسوُسیٍ ایشنٕچ (جماعت السییدات ال مسلمات، یَتھ مسلم لیڈیز سوسائٹی تہ ونان چھ) بانی۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Kathleen237&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kathleen|first=D. McCarthy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XTAcDUja3VkC&amp;pg=PA237|title=Women, Philanthropy, and Civil Society|year=2001|isbn=0253339189|page=237|access-date=31 October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Rogan|first=Eugene L.|title=The Arabs: a history|url=https://archive.org/details/arabshistory0000roga_w1d5|date=2009|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-07100-5|location=New York, NY|pages=[https://archive.org/details/arabshistory0000roga_w1d5/page/403 403]–404, 427-428}}&lt;/ref&gt;

تٲریخٍ دّان یوجین روگن چھٍ تس &quot;اِسلام پّسند زّنانن ہنٛز تحریکچٍ عّلمبردار&quot; وونمت تہٕ یہٕ تییہٕ وونُمت ز سوٛ ٲس &quot;قطبٍ سند سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ اثر انگیز شاگردن مَنٛز اَکھ&quot;۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Rogan|first=Eugene L.|title=The Arabs: a history|url=https://archive.org/details/arabshistory0000roga_w1d5|date=2009|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-07100-5|location=New York, NY|pages=[https://archive.org/details/arabshistory0000roga_w1d5/page/403 403]–404, 427-428}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== بیوگرافی ==
پننہٕ نوجوانی دوران کینٛہہ وقتہٕ خاطرٕ، تم کٔر مصری فیمینسٹ یونینس مَنٛز شمولیت [6][2][7] صرف یہٕ نتیجہٕ اخذ کرنہٕ خاطرٕ زِ &quot;اسلامن دیُت خاندانس مَنٛز زنانن ہنٛد حقوق یُس نہٕ کُنہٕ بییہٕ معاشرٕ طرفہٕ دنہٕ آو۔&quot; [8] ارداہن وٲنٛسہِ مَنٛز ترٲو تٔمؠ جماعت السیدعت المسلمت (مسلم وومینز ایسوسی ایشن) ہٕنٛز بُنیاد،[7] ییٚمیُک تٔمؠ دعویٰ کوٚر زِ 1964 مَنٛز حکومتی حکمہٕ سٟتؠ تحلیل گژھنس تام ٲس پورٕ ملکس مَنٛز ترٛےٚ لچھ رکنیت۔</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="2405" sha1="dxwt5z1847zr8ipxwimopnp9a6rftuo" xml:space="preserve">'''ضحناب الغزالی''' (عربی: زینب الغزالی 2 جَنؤری 1917-3 اَگَست 2005) اوس اَکھ مصری مُسلمان کارکن۔  ُسۄ ٲسٍ مُسلمٍ وومن ایسوُسیٍ ایشنٕچ (جماعت السییدات ال مسلمات، یَتھ مسلم لیڈیز سوسائٹی تہ ونان چھ) بانی۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Kathleen237&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kathleen|first=D. McCarthy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XTAcDUja3VkC&amp;pg=PA237|title=Women, Philanthropy, and Civil Society|year=2001|isbn=0253339189|page=237|access-date=31 October 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Rogan|first=Eugene L.|title=The Arabs: a history|url=https://archive.org/details/arabshistory0000roga_w1d5|date=2009|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-07100-5|location=New York, NY|pages=[https://archive.org/details/arabshistory0000roga_w1d5/page/403 403]–404, 427-428}}&lt;/ref&gt;

تٲریخٍ دّان یوجین روگن چھٍ تس &quot;اِسلام پّسند زّنانن ہنٛز تحریکچٍ عّلمبردار&quot; وونمت تہٕ یہٕ تییہٕ وونُمت ز سوٛ ٲس &quot;قطبٍ سند سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ اثر انگیز شاگردن مَنٛز اَکھ&quot;۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Rogan|first=Eugene L.|title=The Arabs: a history|url=https://archive.org/details/arabshistory0000roga_w1d5|date=2009|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-07100-5|location=New York, NY|pages=[https://archive.org/details/arabshistory0000roga_w1d5/page/403 403]–404, 427-428}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== بیوگرافی ==
پننہٕ نوجوانی دوران کینٛہہ وقتہٕ خاطرٕ، تم کٔر مصری فیمینسٹ یونینس مَنٛز شمولیت [6][2][7] صرف یہٕ نتیجہٕ اخذ کرنہٕ خاطرٕ زِ &quot;اسلامن دیُت خاندانس مَنٛز زنانن ہنٛد حقوق یُس نہٕ کُنہٕ بییہٕ معاشرٕ طرفہٕ دنہٕ آو۔&quot; [8] ارداہن وٲنٛسہِ مَنٛز ترٲو تٔمؠ جماعت السیدعت المسلمت (مسلم وومینز ایسوسی ایشن) ہٕنٛز بُنیاد،[7] ییٚمیُک تٔمؠ دعویٰ کوٚر زِ 1964 مَنٛز حکومتی حکمہٕ سٟتؠ تحلیل گژھنس تام ٲس پورٕ ملکس مَنٛز ترٛےٚ لچھ رکنیت۔
[[زٲژ:1917 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:2005 وَفات]]</text>
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وضوٗ (عربی{{IPA audio link|Al-wudu.ogg}}) چھ جسم کہ حصن صاف کرنک [[اِسلام|اسلام]] طریقہٕ کار، اَکھ قسمک رسمی طہارت، یا آبلوشن۔  وضوٗ چہ مرحلہٕ چھےٚ [[اتھہٕ]] پٔٹراونس، [[ٲس]]  تہٕ [[نَس|نس]] چھلنس، [[بُتھ]] چھلنس، پتہٕ [[نٔر|نرِ]] کھۄنہٕ وٹِھس تام، پتہٕ  [[کَن]] تہٕ تیٚمؠ پتہٕ [[کھۆر|کھۄر]]، چھلٕنؠ یا وۄتھراوٕنؠ ، ییٚلہ زن  یِمن درمیان کانٛہہ بوٚڑ تھک کرنہٕ بغٲر یہِ کرنہٕ یوان چھ أتھؠ وارِ مَنٛز۔

وضوٗ چھ اسلامس مَنٛز رسم و رؠواجچ پاکیزگی ہنٛد اَکھ اہم حصہٕ یس فقح کہ ذریع پکان چھ، یس حفظان صحتک فقہک وضاحت چھ کران تہٕ یمن رسمن ہنٛز وضاحت چھ کران یم اَتھ تشکیل دیوان چھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;GCNEI-477&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Glasse|first=Cyril|title=The New Encyclopeida of Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas_h0t2|date=2001|publisher=Altmira Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas_h0t2/page/477 477]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==بییٚہِ وِچٕھو==
* [[نؠماز]]

==حَوالہٕ==</text>
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'''ساینا نہوال''' (پٲدٲیِش 17 مارٕچ 1990) چھِ اکھَ ہندوستٲنہ بیڈمنٹن کھلٲڑ۔ اکھَ سابق عالمی نمبر 1، أمہ چھِ 24 بین الاقوٲمی خطاب زیٖنمٕتہ، یمن مَنٛز دہہ سپر سیریز خطاب شٲمل چھِ۔ حالانٛکہ سٔۄ ووت 2009 ہس مَنٛز دُنیہک دویمِس نمبرس پؠٹھ، مگر یہِ ٲس صرف 2015 ہس مَنٛز ز سٔۄ ٲس دنیہٕچ نمبر 1 درجہِ حٲصل کرنس مَنٛز کامیاب، ییٚمہ سٟتؠ سۄ ہندوستانٕچ وٲحد زنانہٕ کھلٲڑؠ بنییہ تہٕ امہِ پتہٕ بنییہ یہِ کارنامہ انجام دن واجیٚنہ دویم ہندوستٲنہ کھلٲڑؠ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/sports/saina-nehwal-scales-historic-world-no1-ranking/article7043538.ece|title=Saina Nehwal scales historic World No.1 ranking|journal=Business Line|date=28 March 2015|accessdate=29 July 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; أمہِ چھِ اَولمپکَس مَنٛز ترٛیٚیہ لٹہِ ہنٛدستانٕچ نمٲیندگی کٔرمٕژ، تہٕ لندنس مَنٛز 2012 ہس مَنٛز دۄیمس موقعس پیٚٹھ کٔرٕن کانسہ میڈل حٲصل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Selvaraj|first=Jonathan|title=Saina Nehwal smashes new mark: First Indian woman to be World No. 1|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/badminton/saina-nehwal-becomes-world-no-1-after-carolina-marins-defeat-in-india-open/|accessdate=9 August 2016|journal=[[The Indian Express]]|date=29 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Twitter round: Who says what on Saina Nehwal's Australia Super Series win|url=http://zeenews.india.com/sports/twitter-round-who-says-what-on-saina-nehwals-australia-super-series-win_1894584.html|accessdate=9 August 2016|journal=[[Zee News]]|date=12 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Commonwealth Youth Games 2008|url=http://www.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/winners.aspx?id=96129D47-FEED-439C-A232-9F1DDAE34DEF|access-date=11 October 2015|website=tournamentsoftware.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Vij wins shot put gold|url=http://www.thehindu.com/2004/12/04/stories/2004120404031900.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160210012304/http://www.thehindu.com/2004/12/04/stories/2004120404031900.htm|archivedate=10 February 2016|accessdate=11 October 2015|journal=[[The Hindu]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

نہوالن چھِ ہندوستان باپتھ بیڈمنٹن مَنٛز واریاہ اہم قدم حٲصل کٔرمٕتہ۔ سۄ چھےٚ وٲحد ہندوستٲنہ ییٚمہ پرٛؠتھ بی ڈبلیو ایف بڑؠن انفرٲدی ایونٹن مَنٛز کم از کم اکھَ تمغہٕ زیٖنمٗت چھِ، یَتھ زَن [[اولَمپِک کھیل|اولمپکس]] بی ڈبلیو ایف ورلڈ چیمپین شپ تہٕ بی ڈبلیو ایف عالمی جونییَر چیمپین شپ چھِ۔ سۄ چھِےٚ اولمپک میڈل زینن واجیٚنہ گۄڈنچ ہنٛدستٲنہ بیڈمنٹن کھلٲڑؠ، بی ڈبلیو ایف ورلڈ چیمپین شپ کِس فاینلس تام واتن واجیٚنہٕ واجیٚنٛڑ ہندوستٲنہ، تہٕ بی ڈبلیو ایف عالمی جونییَر چیمپین شپ زینن وازیٚنہ گۄڑنچ ہندوستٲنہ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=London 2012 Badminton: Saina Nehwal gets Bronze as Xin Wang withdraws|url=http://sports.ndtv.com/olympics-2012/news/194693-london-2012-badminton-saina-nehwal-gets-bronze-as-xin-wang-withdraws|accessdate=9 August 2016|journal=[[NDTV]]|agency=[[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]]|date=5 August 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160612124933/http://sports.ndtv.com/olympics-2012/news/194693-london-2012-badminton-saina-nehwal-gets-bronze-as-xin-wang-withdraws|archivedate=12 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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موریہ سلطنَت یا موریَہ شٲہی خاندٲن چھُ توٲریٖخ ہِند مَنٛز اَکھ اَہَم سلطنَت۔ یہِ سلطنَت ہُکمرٲن چھَس مۄرٕیَہ شٲہی خاندٲن۔ مۄرٕیَہ سلطنَتس اوس راز دٲنی پٲٹلی پُتر (آزکَلُک پَٹنہٕ).&lt;ref name=Vajpeyi-2012&gt;{{cite book|last=Vajpeyi|first=Ananya|title=Righteous Republic: The Political Foundations of Modern India|url=https://archive.org/details/righteousrepubli0000vajp|year=2012 |location=Cambridge MA and London|publisher=Harvard University Press|pages=[https://archive.org/details/righteousrepubli0000vajp/page/188 188]&amp;ndash;189|isbn= 978-0-674-04895-9}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[چندر گُپٛت موریہ]] چھِ ایٚمؠ سلطنَتُک بٲنؠ ۔ 

==سلطنَتٕچ حُکُمرٲنی==
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 from: -268 till: -232 color:PA text:&quot;[[अशोक]] ([[268 BC]] &amp;ndash; [[232 BC]])&quot;
 from: -223 till: -224 color:PA text:&quot;[[दशरथ मौर्य]] ([[232 BC]] &amp;ndash; [[224 BC]])&quot;
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==حَوالہٕ==</text>
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سُریش پربھاکر پَرَٛبھوٗ (پیدٲیش 11 جُلَے 1953) چھ اَکھ ہندوستٲنہ سیاست دان تہٕ رشی ہڈ یونیورسٹی ہنٛد موجودٕ چانسلر۔ تٔمؠ کٔر 1996 پؠٹھ 2009 تام لوک سبھا مَنٛز راجہ پورٕچ نمایندگی کران بطور رکن پارلیمان کٲم۔ پتہٕ کٔر تٔمؠ بطور رکن ''راجیہ سبھا'' کٲم، یُس 2014 پؠٹھٕ 2022 تام [[آنٛدھرا پرَدیش]] تہٕ [[ہَرِیانا]] ہٕچ نمٲئندگی کران اوس۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Suresh Prabhu files nomination for Rajya Sabha from Andhra Pradesh|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/suresh-prabhu-files-nomination-for-rajya-sabha-from-andhra-pradesh/articleshow/52517316.cms|journal=The Economic Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Suresh Prabhu, Birender Singh to be in Rajya Sabha from Haryana|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/suresh-prabhu-birender-singh-to-be-in-rajya-sabha-from-haryana-703105}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== تنازٕ  ==

سُریش پَرَٛبھوٗ سنٛد ناو چھ واریاہن تنازعن مَنٛز آمت، یمن مَنٛز شٲمل چھ: 

* آدرش ہاؤسنگ سوسائٹی سکینڈل &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2016-04-29|title=Adarsh scam: The story of a posh high-rise with not-so-posh occupants|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/adarsh-scam-backgrounder/article14264528.ece|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703073952/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/adarsh-scam-backgrounder/article14264528.ece|archivedate=3 July 2021|accessdate=2024-09-13|journal=The Hindu|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Jog|first=Sanjay|date=21 January 2013|title=What the Adarsh scam is about...|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/what-the-adarsh-scam-is-about-110111000100_1.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913052348/https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/what-the-adarsh-scam-is-about-110111000100_1.html|archivedate=13 September 2024|accessdate=16 September 2024|journal=Business Standard|location=Mumbai}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Jog|first=Sanjay|date=4 January 2014|title=What the Adarsh scam is about...|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/adarsh-scam-how-politicians-their-kin-and-officials-became-members-by-flouting-norms-114010300494_1.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408224505/https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/adarsh-scam-how-politicians-their-kin-and-officials-became-members-by-flouting-norms-114010300494_1.html|archivedate=8 April 2014|accessdate=16 September 2024|journal=Business Standard|location=Mumbai}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=PTI|date=2 Nov 2010|title=Former Union minister Suresh Prabhu denies involvement in Adarsh scam|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-former-union-minister-suresh-prabhu-denies-involvement-in-adarsh-scam-1461252|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002183136/https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-former-union-minister-suresh-prabhu-denies-involvement-in-adarsh-scam-1461252|archivedate=2 October 2017|accessdate=16 September 2024|journal=DNA India|location=Mumbai}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* ویسٹرن اِنڈیا فاینانشل سٔروسز طرفہٕ آو جاری کرنہٕ، یتن تٔمؠ بطور چیئرمین کٲم کٔر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=BT Investigation|date=9 September 2011|title=Trapped in the Forest Fire|url=https://archives.digitaltoday.in/businesstoday/22121998/invest.html|journal=Business Today|location=Mumbai|accessdate=16 September 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240415084144/https://archives.digitaltoday.in/businesstoday/22121998/invest.html|archivedate=15 April 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &quot;کوبلر سکینڈل&quot; یَتھ مَنٛز سرسوتی بیٚنٛک شٲمل اوس تمہ سٕندس صدارتس دوران۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|first=Sharmeen|last=Hakim|title=Discharge plea of ex-sherif rejected|url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/crime/discharge-plea-of-ex-sherif-rejected/articleshow/63260969.cms|journal=Mumbai Mirror|accessdate=13 September 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404104717/https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/crime/discharge-plea-of-ex-sherif-rejected/articleshow/63260969.cms|archivedate=4 April 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Beneficiaries All|last=Outlook Web Desk|date=6 February 2022|journal=Outlook India|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/national/beneficiaries-all-news-202844|accessdate=13 September 2024|location=New Delhi|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913052345/https://www.outlookindia.com/national/beneficiaries-all-news-202844|archivedate=13 September 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* گواہس مَنٛز بینکنگ فراڈک اَکھ مقدمہٕ (پتہٕ تکنیکی بنیادن پؠٹھ آو ختم کرنہٕ) ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Prabhudesai|first=Sandesh|date=3 July 1999|title=Court clears Suresh Prabhu in Western India Finance fraud case|url=https://imworld.rediff.com/money/1999/jul/03goa.htm|journal=Rediff On The Net|location=Panaji|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240916075105/https://imworld.rediff.com/money/1999/jul/03goa.htm|archivedate=16 September 2024|accessdate=16 September 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Suresh Prabhakar Prabhu|title=Declaration of Assets and Liabilities by Member of Rajya Sabha|url=https://www.pmindia.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Suresh-Prabhu-Minister-of-Commerce-Assets-and-Liablities-Mar-2018.pdf|archiveurl=|journal=MyGov India|location=New Delhi}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>euhv1iwk49mtanzye3xqvq6h7l3dniy</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>شہزاد فِلِپ، ڈیٛوک ایڈنبرگھ گُک</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147676</origin>
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      <text bytes="1460" sha1="b8t61ci3yi67y9ha8m49lv24idt2pjv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person/Wikidata|fetchwikidata=ALL|caption=فِلِپ 1992 تُک پورٹریٹ سیٚلن وارن|abovestyle=background:#cbe}}

'''شہزاد فِلِپ، ڈیٛوک آف ایڈنبرگھ''' (پیدٲیش [[یونان]] تہٕ [[ڈیٚنمارٛک|ڈینمارککُک]] شہزاد فِلِپ، پتہٕ 10 جوٗن 1921-9 اپریل 2021) اوس [[الزبتھ دۄیٚم|ملکہ الزبتھ II]] سند خانٛدار۔ &amp;nbsp;{{Spaced ndash}}&amp;nbsp; یَتھ پٲٹھؠ، سہ اوس 6 فَرؤری 1952 ہس مَنٛز پنٛنہ خانٛدارنہِ ہنٛد تخت نشینی پیٚٹھٕ 2021 ہس مَنٛز پنٛنہ مرنس تام [[یونایٹِڑ کِنگڈَم|برطانوی]] بادشاہ سٕنٛز خانٛدار، ییٚمہ سۭتہ سۄ تٲریٖخس مَنٛز ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ کالس تام خٕدمت کرن واجیٚنؠ شٲہی خانٛدار بنیٛو۔&amp;nbsp;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Do your DofE |url=https://www.dofe.org/do-your-dofe/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129181534/https://www.dofe.org/do-your-dofe/ |archive-date=29 January 2019 |access-date=29 January 2019 |website=The Duke of Edinburgh's Award |mode=cs2}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Elizabeth and Philip 1953.jpg|thumb|1953 یس منٛز [[الزبتھ دۄیٚم|الزبتھ]] سٕتؠ خاندر وِزِ]]

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:بَرطٲنوی رازٕ خاندان]]
[[زٲژ:2021 وَفات]]</text>
      <sha1>b8t61ci3yi67y9ha8m49lv24idt2pjv</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>شاہِد کپوٗر</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22167</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147648</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:30:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147648</origin>
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      <text bytes="2593" sha1="0s6l94x6a25sx50vaiyj9l9wg3jm03o" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person/Wikidata|fetchwikidata=ALL|parents=[[پنٛکج کپوٗر]] (مول) &lt;br&gt; [[نیلما عظیم]] (موج)|children=2}}

'''شاہِد کپوٗر''' (25 فَرؤری 1981 مَنٛز پیدٲیش گژھن وول  چھ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ [[اداکار]] یس [[ہِندی زَبان|ہندی]] فلمن مَنٛز چھ وچھنہٕ یوان۔  گۄڈے چھ یہِ رومانٹک کردار ادا کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ تسلیٖم کرنہٕ یوان، اَمہِ پتہٕ چھ أمؠ ایٚکشن فلمن تہٕ تھرلر فلمن مَنٛز کردار ادا کوٚرمت، تہٕ چھ ترٛیٚن فلم فیر ایٚوارڈن سٟتؠ واریاہ ایوارڈ ہنٛد وصوٗل کنندگان چھُ۔

اداکار [[پنٛکج کپوٗر]]  تہٕ [[نیلما عظیم|نیلیما عظیم]] سنٛد نیٚچو،&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=25 February 2016|title=Happy Birthday Shahid Kapoor: Simply Shaandaar@35|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/photos/happy-birthday-shahid-kapoor-simply-shaandaar-35-21544#photo-273077|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307162339/http://movies.ndtv.com/photos/happy-birthday-shahid-kapoor-simply-shaandaar-35-21544#photo-273077|archive-date=7 March 2016|access-date=7 March 2016|publisher=[[NDTV]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Masand|first=Rajeev|date=19 November 2006|title=Kareena says I oversleep: Shahid|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/videos/india/catch-a-star-251601.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011203422/https://www.news18.com/|archive-date=11 October 2020|access-date=7 March 2016|publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011203422/https://www.news18.com/ |date=11 October 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt; کٔپوٗر کٔر شیماک داور سٕنٛز اکیڈمی مَنٛز بطور رقاص تربیت حٲصل۔ یہِ آو 1990 کس دہلس مَنٛز کیٛنژھن فلمن مَنٛز پس منظر رقاصہ سنٛد کردار ادا کران، تہٕ میوزک ویڈیو تہٕ ٹیلی وِجَن اشتہارس مَنٛز آو۔ 

بھردواج سٕنٛدس المناک واقعس ''[[حیدر (فِلِم)|حیدر]]'' (2014) مَنٛز ہیملیٹ کردار تہٕ کرایِم ڈراما اڑتا پنجابس (2016) مَنٛز نشٲنی نشہ بدسلوٗکی کرن وٲلس گلوکارس پیش کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ آیہ مزیٖد تعٲریف کرنہٕ۔ 

أمس چھ میرا راجپوتس سٟتؠ [[خاندَر]] کٔرِتھ زٕ شُرؠ۔

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>0s6l94x6a25sx50vaiyj9l9wg3jm03o</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سُنیٖل شیٚٹی</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22209</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147604</id>
      <parentid>106198</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:09:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147604</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1960" sha1="hcl5ihbmycp7d543ku1fgndk3jbgt8s" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person/Wikidata|fetchwikidata=ALL|qid=}}
'''سُنیٖل شیٚٹی''' (پیدٲیش '''سُنیٖل وی شیٚٹی''' 11 اَگَست 1961) چھ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ اداکار، فلم پروڈیوسر، کارٕبٲرؠ تہٕ ٹیلی وِجَن شخصیت یس زیٛادٕ تر [[بٲلی وُڈ|ہندی فلم]] مَنٛز سرگرم چھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Sunil Shetty's father Virappa Shetty passes away|url=http://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/suniel-shettys-father-virappa-shetty-passes-away/articleshow/57406652.cms|journal=The Times of India|publisher=Bennett, Coleman &amp; Co. Ltd.|accessdate=1 March 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; 30 ؤری کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ عرصس پؠٹھ محیط پیشورانہٕ زِندگی مَنٛز چھ أمؠ 100 کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ فلمن مَنٛز اداکٲری کٔرمٕژ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/2000/09/21/stories/09210221.htm|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20140812041651/http://www.thehindu.com/2000/09/21/stories/09210221.htm|archivedate=12 August 2014|journal=[[The Hindu]]|date=21 September 2000|title=From action to acting}}&lt;/ref&gt;

سہ چھ پروڈکشن ہاؤس پاپ کارن انٹرٹینمنٹ پرائیویٹ لمیٹڈک مٲلک۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Sunil Shetty: Into 'Popcorn' entertainment!|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Sunil-Shetty-Into-Popcorn-entertainment/articleshow/20759799.cms|journal=The Times of India|date=13 February 2001|language=en|accessdate=24 May 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== اِبتدٲے زِندگی ==
سُنیٖل شیٚٹی زاو 11 اَگَست 1961 مَنٛز، [[مؠنگلوٗر]] مَنٛز [[تُلوٗ زَبان|تُلوٗ]] بولن وٲلِس بَنٛٹ خانٛدانس مَنٛز۔

تٔمؠ کٔر [[ہِماچَل پرَٛدیش]] کِس لارنٛس سکوٗل، سناورَس مَنٛز تٲلیٖم حٲصِل۔

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>hcl5ihbmycp7d543ku1fgndk3jbgt8s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سَمے راینا</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22220</id>
    <revision>
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      <parentid>106300</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:05:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147593</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5378" sha1="f3yhoxn51a2ig64tlgpedofk19k2nae" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person/Wikidata|fetchwikidata=ALL|module={{Infobox YouTube personality
| embed              = yes
| channel_handle       = SamayRainaOfficial
| channel_display_name = Samay Raina
| pseudonym          = 
| genre              = {{flatlist|
* مسکھری
* گیم پلے
* [[شَطرنٛج]]
}}
| subscribers          = 7.48 million  
| views                = 579.3 million
| network              = 
| associated_acts      = 
| silver_button        = yes
| silver_year          = 2020
| gold_button          = yes
| gold_year            = 2022
| diamond_button       = 
| diamond_year         = 
| stats_update         = 3 April 2025
}}
}}

'''سَمے راینا''' (پیدٲیش 26 اَکتوٗبر 1997) چھ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ سٹینڈ اپ کامیڈین تہٕ [[یوٗٹیٛوٗبر|یوٹیوبر]]&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Samay Raina {{!}} Top Chess Players|url=https://www.chess.com/players/samay-raina|access-date=15 February 2025|website=Chess.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; سہ اوس سٹینڈ اپ کامیڈی مقابلہ کامکستان 2 (2019) ہک شریک فاتح۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Aakash Gupta and Samay Raina win Comicstaan 2|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/comicstaan-2-winners-aakash-gupta-and-samay-raina-5909204/|accessdate=29 September 2020|journal=The Indian Express|date=16 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2024 پؠٹھٕ چھ أمؠ کامیڈی ٹیلنٹ شو [[اِنڈیاز گوٹ لیٹَنٛٹ|اِنڈیاز گوٹ لیٹنٹٕچ]] میزبٲنی کٔرمٕژ۔

==اِبتدٲے زِندگی==
راینا زاو سٲبقہٕ ہِنٛدُستٲنہِ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|رِیاست جموں و کشمیر]] کِس [[جۆم]] شہرس مَنٛز أکِس قدامت پسنٛد (conservative) [[کٲشِرؠ پنٛڈِت]] خانٛدانس مَنٛز۔ تٔمؠ کوٚر [[پوٗنے]]، [[مَہاراشٹٛر|مہاراشٹرٛا]] کِس ودیارتھی گرہ کالیج آف انجینئرنگ اینڈ ٹیکنالوجی مَنٛز پرنٹ انجینئرنگ کورسَس مَنٛز دٲخلہٕ، یُس تٔمؠ ووٚن زِ یہِ چھُ وقتُک ضایہِ، تہٕ کوٚرُن اوپن مائک ایونٹ کرُن شروٗع تہٕ ٲخٕر کار بنیو مقٲمی مزاحیہ منظرَس مَنٛز باقٲعدٕ۔

==پیٚشہٕ==
سمے گوٚو 2017 ہَس مَنٛز سٹینڈ اپ کامیڈی کِس دُنیاہَس مَنٛز دٲخل۔ 2018 ہَس مَنٛز نیوٗ تٔمؠ کامکسان کِس دوٚیمِس سیزنَس مَنٛز حصہٕ تہٕ آو مُشترکہٕ فاتح قرار دِنہٕ۔ اَمہِ کامیٲبی سٕتہِ بَڑِ أمہِ سٕنٛز شہرت تہٕ سُہ گوٚو ہندوستٲنہِ مزاحِیہ منظرَس مَنٛز نُمایاں۔

2020 ہَس مَنٛز [[کورونا|کووِڈ-19]] لاک ڈاونس دوران کٔر سمے یَن پننِس یوٗٹیٛوب چینلَس پؠٹھ آن لائن [[مۄہرٕ پٔٹ کھیل|شطرنج]] ٹورنامنٹٕچ میزبٲنی شروٗع۔ مشہوٗر ہِنٛدُستٲنہِ تہٕ بین الاقوٲمی شَطرنٛج کِھلاڑیٚو کٔر یِمَن ٹورنامنٹَن مَنٛز حصہٕ، ییٚمہِ سٕتہِ شطرنجٕچ مَشہوٗری شَطرنٛج کِس برادٔری مَنٛز آیہِ سمے سٕنٛزِ کوُشِشن تعٲریٖف کرنہٕ۔

== اِنڈیاز گوٹ لیٹَنٛٹ ==
{{Main|اِنڈیاز گوٹ لیٹَنٛٹ}}

== تنازٕ ==
===رنویٖر الہ بڈیا سُنٛد اِنڈیا گوٹ لیٹنٹَس پؠٹھ متنازعہ ریمارک===

10 فَرؤری 2025 کوٚر [[آسام]] کِس وزیر اعلیٰ ہیمنت بسوا سرماہن ٹوئٹ زِ گوہاٹی پولیسَن چھِ راینا تہٕ باقی یوٹیوبرَن خٕلاف ایف آٮٔی آر درٕج کٔرمٕژ، یِمَن مَنٛز آشیش چنچلانی، جسپریت سِنٛگھ، اپوروا مکھیجا، رنویٖر الہ بڈیا شٲمِل چھِ، فحاشی فروغ دِنہٕ تہٕ انڈیاز گوٹ لیٹنٹس پؠٹھ جنسی طور واضح تہٕ فحش بحثَن مَنٛز شٲمِل گژھنہٕ خٲطرٕ۔ سرماہن دِیُت یہِ تہِ زِ گوہاٹی کرٛایِم برانٛچن اوس بی این ایس 2023، آئی ٹی ایکٹ، 2000، سنیماٹوگراف ایکٹ، 1952، تہٕ زنانَن ہٕنٛز ناشائستہ نمائندگی (ممنوعہ) ایکٹ، 1986 کؠن مُختٔلِف دفعاتَن تحت مقدمہ درج کوٚرمُت۔ تٔمؠ ووٚن زِ معاملَس مَنٛز چھِ پُلیٖس تٔحقیٖق جٲری۔ یہِ مسلہٕ آو پارلیمنٹ کِس زیرو آورَس مَنٛز تہِ تُلنہٕ، یَتھ مَنٛز یوٹیوب ہِوٮ۪ن پلیٹ فارمَن ریگولیٹ کرنَس مُتعلِق خدشات پٲدٕ ٲسؠ گٔمٕتؠ۔  پتہٕ آو یہٕ ویڈیو نیشنل ہیومن رائٹس کمیشن (NHRC) کہ اعتراضات پتہٕ ہٹاونہٕ۔ [[مَہاراشٹٛر|مہاراشٹرٛا]] کِس ؤزیٖرِ اعلیٰ دیویندر فڈنویسن کٔر یوٹیوٗبر سٕنٛدِس تبصرٕچ مذمت۔

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:1997 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ پنٛڈِت]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''ریچل حِنا وایِز''' (/{{IPAc-en|v|aɪ|s}}/ː پیدٲیش 7 مارٕچ 1970ء {{refn|There are conflicting sources for the year of Weisz' birth. The database entry of the British Film Institute, citing London birth records ({{cite web |url=http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/individual/389132 |title=BFI Film &amp; TV Database: WEISZ, Rachel |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] |access-date=7 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108014653/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/individual/389132 |archive-date=8 January 2011 |url-status=dead }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108014653/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/individual/389132 |date=8 January 2011 }}) gives a year of 1970, as does the ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rachel-Weisz |title=Rachel Weisz |last=Bauer |first=Pat |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |edition=Online |access-date=27 January 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the National Portrait Gallery.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp09939/rachel-weisz |title=Rachel Weisz (1970-), Actress |publisher=[[National Portrait Gallery, London]] |access-date=27 January 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
However, some sources give it incorrectly as 1971, including her detailed biography at the [[British Film Institute]] ([[Alexander Larman]]: [http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/1174895/index.html ''Weisz, Rachel (1971–)'']),  [https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2006/feb/03/film.edvulliamy a biographic article in ''The Guardian'']. The ''Evening Standard'' of 6 March 2006 (Nick Curtis: ''A Taxing Issue for Partygoers; the Oscars Diary'') claims that Weisz herself gives 1971 as her year of birth.|name=birthplace|group=note}} چھ اَکھ انگریز اداکٲر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://nymag.com/daily/intel/2009/05/rachel_weisz_is_going_to_start.html|title=Rachel Weisz Is Going to Start Correcting People on How to Pronounce Her Last Name|first=Kyle|last=Landman|journal=New York|date=5 August 2009|accessdate=7 March 2011|archivedate=21 October 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021113441/http://nymag.com/daily/intel/2009/05/rachel_weisz_is_going_to_start.html}}&lt;/ref&gt; آزاد فِلمن تہٕ بلاک بسٹرس مَنٛز پنن کردارٕ خاطرٕ مشہوٗر، تیمس چھ واریاہ ایوارڈ مِلے، بشمول اکیڈمی ایوارڈ اَکھ BAFTA ایوارڈ، اَکھ گولڈن گلوب ایوارڈ تہٕ اَکھ لارنس اولیور ایوارڈ۔

==اِبتدٲے زِندگی==
ریچل وایِز، یس 7 مارٕچ 1970 مَنٛز لَندنَس مَنٛز ہنگری کس یہوٗدی مٲلس تہٕ آسٹریا کس یہودی / اطالوی کیتھولک موج یم یہودیت اختیار کٔر، بڑیو ہیمپسٹیڈ گارڈن مضافاتی علاقس مَنٛز زاے۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدؠ مٲلؠ ماجِہ، یم نازی یوٗرپ پیٚٹھٕ ژٔلؠ، کٔر فنون لطیفہٕ تہٕ تنقیدی سوچس سٟتؠ محبت پٲدٕ۔ تٔمؠ کٔر سینٛٹ پال گرلز سکوٗلَس مَنٛز تٔعلیٖم حٲصِل تہٕ کٔرٕن ٹرنیٹی ہال، کیمبرج پٮ۪ٹھٕ اَنٛگریٖزی ڈِگری سٟتؠ گریجویشن، ییٚتہِ تٔمؠ ڈرٛامہ گروپ کیمبرج ٹاکنگ ٹنگزٕچ بُنیاد ترٛٲو۔ تٔمؠ کٔر 14 ؤری وٲنٛسہِ مَنٛز ماڈلِنٛگ شروٗع تہٕ فلمی کِردار رد کٔرِتھ کٔرٕن اِبتدٲے توجہ حٲصِل۔
==حَوالہٕ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[زٲژ:1970 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''سارہ سٹرونٛگ''' (پیدٲیش 3 فَرؤری 2006) چھےٚ اَکھ امریکی-فرانسیسی کالج باسکٹ بال کھلٲڑؠ یوکن ہسکیز آف دی بگ ایسٹ کانفرنس خٲطرٕ گِندان چھِ۔ سۄ آیہ ایی ایس پی این کہ طرفہٕ 2024 کس کلاسس مَنٛز نمبر ون ریکروٹ کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Spears|first=Marc J.|date=2025-03-21|title=Boston Celtics executive Allison Feaster hopes shining moment comes for daughter, UConn star Sarah Strong|url=https://andscape.com/features/boston-celtics-executive-allison-feaster-hopes-shining-moment-comes-for-daughter-uconn-star-sarah-strong/|access-date=2025-03-25|website=Andscape|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:2006 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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| name               = شَرَت سکسینا
| image              = Sharat Saxena at the music launch of the film ‘Luckhnowi Ishq’.jpg
| caption            = سکسینا 2015 ہس منٛز
| birth_name         = 
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|1950|08|17|df=yes}}
| birth_place        = [[ستنا]] ، [[ہِندوستان]]&lt;ref name=&quot;timesofindia news&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Nitisha|first1=Kasyap|title=I can't do anything other than acting: Sharat Saxena|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/I-cant-do-anything-other-than-acting-Sharat-Saxena/articleshow/12293602.cms|work=The Times of India|access-date=21 September 2017|archive-date=5 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105101445/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/I-cant-do-anything-other-than-acting-Sharat-Saxena/articleshow/12293602.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| height             = 
| death_place        = 
| occupation         = [[اداکار]]
| years_active       = 1972–ازتہٕ
| spouse             = شوبھا سکسینا
| children           = 2
| website            = 
| othername          = 
}}
'''شَرَت سکسینا''' (پیدٲیش 17 اَگَست 1950) چھ اَکھ ہندوستٲنؠ اداکار یُس [[تؠلِگوٗ زَبان|تؠلِگوٗ]] [[مَلیٛٲلی زَبان|ملیالم]] تہٕ [[تٲمِل زَبان|تامل]] فلمن سٟتؠ سٟتؠ [[ہِندی زَبان|ہِندی]] فلمن مَنٛز تہ چھ وٕچھنہٕ یوان۔ أمہ چھ 250 کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ [[بٲلی وُڈ|بالی ووڈ]] فلمن مَنٛز اداکٲری کٔرمٕژ۔سکسیناہن کوٚر پننہ پیشورانہٕ زندگی ہنٛد آغاز 1970 کس دٔہلہ کس شروعاتس مَنٛز تہٕ چھ زیٛادٕ تر معاون کردار ادا کوٚرمت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;timesofindia news&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=Nitisha|first1=Kasyap|title=I can't do anything other than acting: Sharat Saxena|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/I-cant-do-anything-other-than-acting-Sharat-Saxena/articleshow/12293602.cms|work=The Times of India|access-date=21 September 2017|archive-date=5 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105101445/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/I-cant-do-anything-other-than-acting-Sharat-Saxena/articleshow/12293602.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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گَنڈٕ (Allium cepa) چھِ اَکھ سبزی یُس کھؠنہٕ تہٕ رننہٕ چھِ یوان ۔ یہِ چھِ [[ژؠٹِنؠ|ژیٛۆٹ]] بناونَس مَنٛز تہٕ اِستِمال گژھان ۔[[پُژٕ گنڈٕ]] تہٕ [[رۆہن]] چھِ گنڈٕ خاندانس سٟتؠ تعلُق تھاوان ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Brewster|first=James L.|title=Onions and other vegetable ''Alliums''|url=https://archive.org/details/onionsotherveget0000brew|publisher=CAB International|year=1994|isbn=978-0-85198-753-8|edition=1st|location=Wallingford, UK|page=[https://archive.org/details/onionsotherveget0000brew/page/16 16]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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'''اَجے سِنٛگھ دیٛول''' (پیدٲیش 19 اکتوبر 1957) یس '''سَنی دیٛول''' ناوٕ سٟتؠ زیٛادٕ زاننہٕ چھ یوان چھ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ اداکار، فِلِم ڈائریکٹر، پروڈیوسر تہٕ سِیاسَتھ دان۔ ہِندوستٲنؠ سنیما کیو سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ کماون والیو اداکارو منٛزٕ اَکھ، أمؠ چھ ژۄن دہلو کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ عرصس پیٚٹھ محیط پیشورانہٕ زندگی مَنٛز 100 کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ [[ہِندی زَبان|ہندی]] فلمن مَنٛز کٲم کٔرمٕژ تہٕ چھ خاص طور پنٛنس ناراض ایکشن ہیرو سٕنٛد خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Highest Cumulative Box Office Collection by Actor|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/box-office-collections/highest-cumulative-box-office-collection-actor/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402183144/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/box-office-collections/highest-cumulative-box-office-collection-actor/|archive-date=2 April 2024|access-date=2 April 2024|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Angry5Deol&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=5 of Sunny Deol's 'Angry Young Man' avatars that can still make us 'Ghayal Once Again'|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-5-of-sunny-deol-s-angry-young-man-avatars-that-can-still-make-us-ghayal-once-again-2174336|date=5 February 2016|accessdate=4 June 2022|publisher=DNAIndia|archivedate=4 June 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220604232240/https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-5-of-sunny-deol-s-angry-young-man-avatars-that-can-still-make-us-ghayal-once-again-2174336}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;top90Star&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=When Salman Khan said he piggybacked on Sunny Deol if he felt gadbad in his career|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/when-salman-khan-said-he-piggybacked-on-sunny-deol-if-he-felt-gadbad-in-his-career-on-tuesday-trivia-1866627-2021-10-19|date=19 October 2021|accessdate=4 June 2022|publisher=IndiaToday|archivedate=4 June 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220604224706/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/when-salman-khan-said-he-piggybacked-on-sunny-deol-if-he-felt-gadbad-in-his-career-on-tuesday-trivia-1866627-2021-10-19}}&lt;/ref&gt; دیولن چھ واریاہ ایوارڈ زیٖنمٕتؠ یمن مَنٛز زٕ نیشنل فِلِم ایوارڈز تہٕ زٕ فِلِم فیئر ایوارڈز شٲمل چھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=9 March 2016|title=40th nff 1993|url=http://dff.nic.in/2011/40th_nff_1993.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309053748/http://dff.nic.in/2011/40th_nff_1993.pdf|archive-date=9 March 2016|access-date=30 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=22 June 2017|title=27 years of Ghayal: Sunny Deol film succeeded despite clash with Aamir-Madhuri's Dil|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/27-years-of-ghayal-sunny-deol-film-succeeded-despite-clash-with-aamir-madhuri-s-dil/story-ndhnmXcrY5KsuTtM8YzgyJ.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330070508/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/27-years-of-ghayal-sunny-deol-film-succeeded-despite-clash-with-aamir-madhuri-s-dil/story-ndhnmXcrY5KsuTtM8YzgyJ.html|archive-date=30 March 2019|access-date=30 August 2020|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ اوس 2019 پؠٹھٕ 2024 تام [[بھارتی جَنتا پارٹی]] ہنٛد رکن پٲٹھؠ  [[پَنٛجاب (ہِندوستان)|پنجاب]] کس گورداسپور حلقہٕ پؠٹھ لوک سبھا مَنٛز رکن پارلیمان پٲٹھؠ کٲم ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Members : Lok Sabha|url=http://164.100.47.194/Loksabha/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=5167&amp;lastls=17|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011214529/http://164.100.47.194/Loksabha/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=5167&amp;lastls=17|archive-date=11 October 2020|access-date=30 August 2020|website=164.100.47.194}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ اَداکار]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''سلمان علی آغا''' (پیدٲیش 23 نَوَمبَر 1993) ، یَتھ اکثر غلطی سان آغا سلمان وَنان چھِ، چھ اَکھ [[پٲکِستان|پٲکستانی]] بین الاقوٲمی [[کِرٛکَٹ|کرٚکیٚٹر]] یس ڈومیسٹک میچن مَنٛز جۆنوٗبی پنجاب خٲطرٕ تہٕ [[پاکِستان سُپر لیٖگ|پاکستان سپر لیگ]] مَنٛز اِسلام آباد یونائیٹڈ خٲطرٕ گنٛدان چھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Salman Agha Profile - Cricket Player Pakistan {{!}} Stats, Records, Video|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/cricketers/salman-agha-623977|access-date=2024-09-04|website=ESPNcricinfo|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Salman Ali Agha Special Interview {{!}} Pakistan vs New Zealand {{!}} 4th ODI 2023 {{!}} PCB {{!}} M2B2A|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ISZu8O9ifrA|access-date=6 May 2023|website=Sports Central|via=YouTube}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ چھِ ٹی-20 یس مَنٛز پاکستانک کپتان تہٕ او ڈی آی یس مَنٛز نائب کپتان۔

تٔمہ کٔرؠ جُلَے 2022 ہس مَنٛز [[پٲکِستان قومی کِرٛکَٹ ٹیٖم|پاکستان کرکٹ ٹیم]] باپتھ بین الاقوٲمی سطحس پؠٹھ شروٗعات، تہٕ چھِ ؤنکیٚنس شارٹ اوور فارمیٹس مَنٛز [[پٲکِستان قومی کِرٛکَٹ ٹیٖم|پاکستان کرکٹ ٹیٖم]] ہنٛد نائب کپتان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Cricinfo&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Agha Salman|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/623977.html|access-date=1 November 2015|website=ESPNcricinfo}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:1993 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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    <ns>0</ns>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''شتروگھن پرٛساد سِنہا''' (پیدٲیش 15 جُلَے 1946) چھ اَکھ ہندوستٲنہ اداکار تہٕ سِیاسَتھ دان۔ سہ اوس [[اٹل بِہاری واجپائی]] حکومتس مَنٛز صحت تہٕ فیملی ویلفیئر تہٕ شپنگک مرکزی کابینہ وزیر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Pradhan|first1=Bharathi S.|year=2016|title=Book|publisher=Om Books International |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_jEyCwAAQBAJ|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214232017/https://books.google.com/books?id=_jEyCwAAQBAJ|archive-date=14 February 2017|isbn=9789385609596}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>sqrm4pho2idtnbdi7o5s8jj3sdx40du</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>شوبھا کپوٗر</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <id>9889</id>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''شوبھا کپوٗر''' (پیدٲیش 1 فَرؤری 1949) چھےٚ اَکھ ہندوستٲنؠ ٹیلی وِجَن، فلم تہٕ ویب سیریز پروڈیوسر&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Shobha Kapoor|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Shobha-Kapoor|website=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; سۄ چھےٚ [[ممبئی]] مَنٛز واقع بالاجی ٹیلی فلمز لمیٹڈ منیجنگ ڈائریکٹر، اَکھ فلم، ٹی وی تہٕ ویب سیریز پروڈکشن ہاؤز، یوٚس سۄ پننہ کور [[ایکتا کپوٗر]]  سۭتہ چلاوان چھےٚ۔

کٔپوٗر چھ بالاجی ٹیلی فلمز مجموعی اِنتظامی تہٕ پروڈکشن سرگرمیہٕ ہِنٛز دیکھ بھال کران۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:1949 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>7wlta4gvh2hly2k3vlgzprjtn6f3pet</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>سُہیل خان</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''سُہیل سلیم عبدُل رشیٖد خان''' (پیدٲیش 20 دَسَمبَر 1969) چھ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ اداکار تہٕ پروڈیوسر یس زیٛادٕ تر ہنٛدی سیٚنماہس مَنٛز کٲم چھ کران۔ یہِ چھ اداکار [[سَلمان خان|سلمان خان]] تہٕ [[ارباز خان]] سنٛد لۄکٹ بوے۔ أمس چھےٚ اَکھ بٔڑ بینہ، الویرا خان اگنیہوتری سہ چھ پننس بینرس پؠٹھ سُہیل خان پروڈکشنس تحت فلمہٕ بناوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite magazine|last=Swarup|first=Shubhangi|date=29 January 2011|url=http://www.openthemagazine.com/article/art-culture/the-kingdom-of-khan|title=The Kingdom of Khan|magazine=[[Open (Indian magazine)|OPEN]]|access-date=17 July 2014|quote=Salim Khan, scriptwriter and father of Salman Khan remembers the [[Afghans|Afghan]] tribe his family historically belongs to. &quot;It is [[Alakozai]],&quot; he says. &quot;My family came to Indore 150 years ago, and worked as [part of the] cavalry in the time of the British.&quot; Khan is a fifth-generation Khan in India.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ مُسَلمان]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>سنٛترَم ورما</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22535</id>
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        <id>9889</id>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''سنٛترَم ورما''' (پیدٲیش 1970) چھ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ فلم تہٕ ٹیلی وِجَن ڈائریکٹر، پروڈیوسر تہٕ سکرین رائٹر، یس ہندی ٹیلی وِجَن تہٕ سیٚنماہس مَنٛز پننہِ کامہِ خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ چھ یوان۔ {{حَوالہٕ ضروٗرتھ|date=March 2024}} أمہ سٕنٛدؠن ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ قٲبل ذکر کامین مَنٛز چھ ''[[کِرٛشنا کوٹیج|کرشنا کاٹیج]]'' ''ویردھ'' ''جودھا اکبر'' تہٕ ناگن (2015 ٹی وی سیریز) شٲمل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Ekta Lets Go Of Naagin 2 Director, Wants Original Choice Santram Back|url=https://www.spotboye.com/television/television-news/ekta-lets-go-of-naagin-2-director-wants-original-choice-santram-back/57fe55144d79588b3d45fed9|access-date=2022-04-11|website=www.spotboye.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Popularity on social media doesn't guarantee TRPs: Sanjay Gagnani - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/gujarati/popularity-on-social-media-doesnt-guarantee-trps-sanjay-gagnani/articleshow/67146001.cms|accessdate=2022-04-11|journal=The Times of India|date=23 February 2019|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:1970 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''سَتھ سَر''' چھ ہندوستان کس [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] مَنٛز [[وادی کٔشیٖر|وادی کشمیر]] کس [[گانٛدَربَل ضِلہٕ|گاندربل ضلع]] مَنٛز واقع ستن لۄکٹؠن الپائن [[سَر|سَرن]] ہنٛدس أکس گروپس پیٚٹھ مشتمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;satsaar&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Hidden Lakes of Kashmir|url=http://www.indiantrekking.com/hidden-lakes-of-kashmir.html|access-date=10 July 2012|publisher=IndianTrekking.com|archive-date=24 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120924034518/http://www.indiantrekking.com/hidden-lakes-of-kashmir.html|url-status=dead}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120924034518/http://www.indiantrekking.com/hidden-lakes-of-kashmir.html |date=24 September 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[زٲژ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہٕنٛدؠ سَر]]</text>
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      <text bytes="4077" sha1="plneem9yf3k01n2fu5ipaw5hbwijit3" xml:space="preserve">{{کھؠن معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ|name=شاورما|alternate_name=Showarma, shaurma, shoarma, etc.&lt;ref name=&quot;Marks 2010&quot; /&gt;|image=Шаурма 6.jpg|image_size=300|caption=اکھ کۄکر شاورما|region=[[لیونٛٹ]]|type=[[:en:Rotisserie|روٹیسیری]]|served=تۄت|main_ingredient={{#statements:P186}}|similar_dish=ڈونر کباب, اسکياندر کباب, گائروس, الپاسطور}}
شاورما ({{IPAc-en|ʃ|ə|ˈ|w|ɑːr|m|ə}}/: Shaourmaā) چھ مشرق وسطی اَکھ پکوان یس [[عُثمانیہ سلطنَت]] کس دورس مَنٛز [[لیونٛٹ]] مَنٛز پٲدٕ گوٚمت چھ، یَتھ مَنٛز [[ماز]] چھ آسان یس زٲوِل ٹُکرن مَنٛز ژٹتھ چھ، الٹہٕ شنک مَنٛز تھاونہٕ چھ یوان، تہٕ سستہٕ موڑ وٲل عمودی تھوک پؠٹھ چھ بھوننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Marks 2010&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Prichep 2015&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Prichep|first=Deena|last2=Estrin|first2=Daniel|date=2015-05-07|title=Thank the Ottoman Empire for the taco al pastor|url=https://www.pri.org/stories/2015-05-07/thank-ottoman-empire-taco-youre-eating|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150508144455/https://www.pri.org/stories/2015-05-07/thank-ottoman-empire-taco-youre-eating|archive-date=2015-05-08|access-date=19 March 2017|website=PRI}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Salloum 2012&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Salloum|first=Habeeb|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v5TTAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA66|title=The Arabian Nights Cookbook: From Lamb Kebabs to Baba Ghanouj, Delicious Homestyle Arabian Cooking|last2=Lim|first2=Suan L.|publisher=Tuttle Pub|year=2010|isbn=9781462905249|location=Tokyo|pages=66|oclc=782879761|access-date=2019-02-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230421034936/https://books.google.com/books?id=v5TTAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA66|archive-date=2023-04-21|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mattar2004&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Philip Mattar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yqgUAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=%22Shawarma+is+a+popular+Levantine+Arab+specialty.%22|title=Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East &amp; North Africa: D-K|publisher=Macmillan Reference USA|year=2004|isbn=978-0-02-865771-4|pages=840|access-date=2015-11-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230421034930/https://books.google.com/books?id=yqgUAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=%22Shawarma+is+a+popular+Levantine+Arab+specialty.%22|archive-date=2023-04-21|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; شورما چھ پورٕ عرب دنیا مَنٛز، لیونٛٹ تہٕ گریٹر مڈل ایسٹ مَنٛز اَکھ مَشہوٗر سٹریٹ فوڈ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=الهواري|first=د عبد القادر|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8zxKEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA54|title=أسلمة العالم|publisher=ببلومانيا للنشر والتوزيع|pages=54|language=ar}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Street Food&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kraig|first=Bruce|title=Street Food Around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture|url=https://archive.org/details/streetfoodaround0000unse|last2=Sen|first2=Colleen Taylor|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2013|isbn=978-1598849554|location=Santa Barbara, California|pages=xxv, 18–19, 127–129, 339|oclc=864676073}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Al Khan|first=Mohammed N.|date=31 July 2009|title=Shawarma: the Arabic fast food|url=http://gulfnews.com/news/uae/culture/shawarma-the-arabic-fast-food-1.503641|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180304025404/http://gulfnews.com/news/uae/culture/shawarma-the-arabic-fast-food-1.503641|archive-date=4 March 2018|access-date=7 January 2018|website=Gulf News}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;WalkerCarter2007&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Jenny Walker|url=https://archive.org/details/omanuaearabianpe00walk|title=Oman, UAE &amp; Arabian Peninsula|last2=Terry Carter|last3=Lara Dunston|publisher=Lonely Planet|year=2007|isbn=978-1-74104-546-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/omanuaearabianpe00walk/page/381 381]–|url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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'''میاں مُحمد شہباز شٔریٖف'''  (پیدٲیش 23 سَتَمبَر 1951) چھ اَکھ [[پٲکِستان|پٲکستانؠ]] [[سِیاسَتھ دان]] تہٕ کارٕبٲر ییٚمہ مارٕچ 2024 پیٹھہٕ بطور 20 ہم [[پٲکِستانُک ؤزیٖرِ اَعظَم|وزیر اعظم پاکستان]] کٲم چھ کٔرمٕژ، اَمہِ برٛونٛہہ ٲس اپریل 2022 پیٹھہٕ اَگَست 2023 تام اَمہِ کردارس مَنٛز۔ تٔمہ چھ ترٛیٚیہ لٹہ [[پٲکِستان مُسلِم لیٖگ|پاکستان مسلم لیگ (ن)]] (پی ایم ایل-این) ہک صدر تہٕ پنجابٗک وزیر اعلی تہٕ روزمت، ییٚمہ سۭتہ سہ اَمہِ کردارس مَنٛز ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ کالس کٲم کرن وول شخص بنیٛوو۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=1 September 2022|title=Wild fact of the day — PM Shehbaz Sharif speaks German|url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1190779|website=[[Dawn News]]|quote=Others praised him for “the man he is” for speaking Sindhi, Arabic, Urdu, Punjabi, English and now German.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:پٲکِستانٕکؠ ؤزیٖرِ اَعظَم]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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[[چُنچیٛون]] جۆنوٗبی کوریاہس مَنٛز زامُت، سون گوٚو 16 ؤریہ مَنٛز ہیمبرگر ایس وی یس مَنٛز شٲمل گژھنہٕ خٲطرٕ جرمنی، ییٚمؠ 2010 مَنٛز بنڈس لیگا ہس مَنٛز پنٕنؠ شروٗعات کٔر۔ 2013 ہس مَنٛز گوٚو سہ کلب ریکارڈ €10 ملینن باپتھ بایر لیورکوسن زٕ ؤری پتہٕ 22 ملین پونڈن خٲطرٕ ٹوٹنھم خٲطرٕ سائن کرنہٕ برٛونٛہہ، بنیوو تٲریخک ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ قٲمتی ایشیٲیی کھلٲڑ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AsianTransferRecord&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Long|first=Sam|title=Tottenham's Son Heung-min vows to justify £22m price tag after becoming the most expensive Asian player in history|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/tottenhams-son-heung-min-vows-to-justify-22m-price-tag-after-becoming-most-expensive-asian-player-in-a2924261.html|journal=London Evening Standard|accessdate=3 September 2015|date=31 August 2015|archivedate=22 April 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422024724/https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/tottenhams-son-heung-min-vows-to-justify-22m-price-tag-after-becoming-most-expensive-asian-player-in-a2924261.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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برٛوڈرِک سٹیفن ہاروی ایس آر   (پٲدٲیِش 17 جَنؤری 1957) چھ اَکھ امریکی کامیڈین، ٹیلی وِجَن میزبان، اداکار، مُصنف تہٕ پروڈیوسر۔ 

سہٕ تہٕ تہنٛزٕ زنانہٕ مارجوری چھِ دی سٹیو اینڈ مارجوری ہاروی فاؤنڈیشنک بانی، اَکھ غأر منافع بخش تنظیم یمچ توجہ نوجوانن ہنٛز تٲلیٖم پؠٹھ چھ مرکوز۔&lt;ref name=&quot;feud-20130204&quot;&gt;{{Cite episode |series=Family Feud |series-link=Family Feud |network=[[Game Show Network|GSN]] |date=February 4, 2013 |minutes=6 }} Also aired August 16, 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite episode |series=Family Feud |series-link=Family Feud |network=[[Game Show Network]] |date=February 10, 2014 |minutes=3}} Aired March 12, 2017 on GSN.&lt;/ref&gt;
==حَوالہٕ==

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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    <title>سُشما سیٹھ</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="4547" sha1="3nehflh30d94i5og963yq4ofdzvgxf8" xml:space="preserve">{{اِنسان معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ
| name               = سُشما سیٹھ
| image              = SushmaSeth.jpg
| image_size         = 
| alt                = 
| caption            = سُشما سیٹھ 2013 ہس منٛز
| other_names        = 
| birth_name         = 
| birth_date         = {{Birth date and age|1936|6|20|df=y}}
| birth_place        = [[دِل]], [[برطأنوی ہِنٛد]]
| death_date         = 
| death_place        = 
| occupation         = [[ اداکار|اداکأر]]
| years_active       = 1956–2018&lt;ref name=&quot;offtheatre&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://sushmaseth.com/theatre.php |title=Stage plays performed from 1956-1990 |access-date=6 December 2015 |archive-date=25 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171025084642/http://sushmaseth.com/theatre.php |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| children           = 3
| relatives          = [[دِویا سیٹھ]] (کوٗر)
}}

'''سُشما سیٹھ''' (پیدٲیش 20 جون 1936) چھےٚ اَکھ ہندوستٲنؠ سٹیج، فلم تہٕ ٹیلی وِجَن اداکٲر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;dob&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Sushma Seth Birthday: 42 की उम्र में सुषमा ने सिनेमा में किया था डेब्यू, कई दिग्गज कलाकारों की बनीं दादी-नानी|url=https://www.abplive.com/entertainment/bollywood/birthday-special-bollywood-actress-sushma-seth-career-films-lifestyle-family-net-worth-unknown-facts-2435320/amp|access-date=2 May 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; أمہ کٕر پننہ پیشورانہٕ زندگی ہنز شروعات 1950 کس دہلس مَنٛز، تہٕ ٲس دلہ مَنٛز واقع تھیٹر گروپ یاترکٕچ بانی رکن۔ أمہ سٕنٛز گۄڈنچ فلم ٲس 1978 تھس مَنٛز ''جونون'' سۄ چھےٚ فلمن تہٕ ٹیلی وِجنس پؠٹھ ماجہ تہٕ نانہِ ہِنٛد کردار ادا کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ یوان، تہٕ ٹی وی کس اہم صابن ''ہم لاگ'' مَنٛز بطور دادی سنٛد کردار ادا کرنہٕ باپتھ مشہوٗر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;da&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/I-am-still-called-Hum-Logs-dadi-Sushma-Seth/articleshow/6296379.cms|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811101210/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-08-12/delhi/28321971_1_dadi-hum-log-hindi-films|archivedate=11 August 2011|title=I am still called Hum Log's dadi: Sushma Seth|date=12 August 2010|first=Meenakshi|journal=[[The Times of India]]|last=Sinha}}&lt;/ref&gt; أمس میول بی آر چوپڑا سٕنٛدس ڈرٛامہ ''تاوف'' (1985) مَنٛز بطور امینہ بایی اداکٲری باپتھ بہتٔریٖن معاون اداکارہ باپتھ فلم فیر ایٚوارڈ خٲطرٕ نامزدگی۔ أمہ چھ مشہوٗر ہدایت کارن یَتھ کٔنؠ دیو راج انکور، رام گوپال بجاج منیش جوشی بسمل تہٕ چندر شیکھر شرما ہس سٟتؠ کٲم کٔرمٕژ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;hi&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/02/05/stories/2007020504700200.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070209224552/http://www.hindu.com/2007/02/05/stories/2007020504700200.htm|archivedate=9 February 2007|title=Films yes, but she roots for theatre|date=5 February 2007|journal=[[The Hindu]]|location=Chennai, India}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==اِبتدٲے زِندگی تہٕ تٲلیٖم==
دِلہِ مَنٛز پرورش کٔرِتھ کٔر أمہِ پنٕنہِ سکوٗلٕچ تٔعلیٖم نَیہِ دِلہِ ہِنٛدِس کانوینٹ آف جیسس اینڈ میری مَنٛز مُکمل۔ اَمہِ پتہٕ کٔر سُشماہن نَیہِ دِلہِ ہِنٛدِس لیڈی ارون کالیج پٮ۪ٹھٕ ہوم سائنسَس مَنٛز ٹیچِنٛگ ڈپلوما، پتہٕ نیو یارک کِس بریارکلف کالج پٮ۪ٹھٕ سائنسَس مَنٛز ایسوسی ایٹ، تہٕ پتہٕ پٹسبرگ، امریکہ کِس کارنیگی میلن پؠٹھ بیچلر آف فائن آرٹس حٲصِل۔ سُشما سیٹھ تہٕ أمؠ سٕنٛدِس خانٛدار، کارٕبٲرؠ دھرو سیٹھ چھِ ترٛےٚ شُرؠ۔ یِمَن مَنٛز چھِ اداکٲر [[دِویا سیٹھ]] تہِ شٲمِل، ییٚمہِ پننہِ ماجہِ سۭتہِ 'ہم لوگ' تہٕ 'دیکھ بھائی دیکھ' مَنٛز کٲم کٔر۔
==حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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| name          = Melanocytic nevus &lt;br&gt; لکھچُن
| synonym       = 
| image         = Skin Tumors-171.jpg
| caption       = Lentiginous melanocytic naevus
| pronounce     = 
| specialty     = [[ژمہِ زان]]
| symptoms      = 
| complications = 
| onset         = 
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'''لکھچُن''' چھِ رنگہٕ رۆس غٲر کنسر پٲدٕ جلدٕک سیلن ہنٛز اَکھ حالت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Andrews&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=James, William D.|title=Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology|url=https://archive.org/details/andrewsdiseaseso0000jame_10ed|last2=Berger, Timothy G.|publisher=Saunders Elsevier|year=2006|isbn=0-7216-2921-0|display-authors=etal}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Dorlands&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Albert|first=Daniel|title=Dorland's illustrated medical dictionary.|url=https://archive.org/details/dorlandsillustra0000unse_s1g5|date=2012|publisher=Saunders/Elsevier|isbn=978-1-4160-6257-8|edition=32nd|location=Philadelphia, PA|page=[https://archive.org/details/dorlandsillustra0000unse_s1g5/page/1173 1173]}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

لکھچنن ہنٛز اکثریت چھٚے اِنسان کہ زِندگی ہنٛد گوڈنٕکہ دۄیہ دہٲئی مَنٛز ظٲہر گژھان، یَتھ مَنٛز زن پرؠتھ 100 مَنٛز 1 بچہ چھ لکھچِن سٟتؠ پٲدٕ گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;aad.org&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2023|title=What are moles?|url=https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/moles-overview|access-date=5 June 2023|publisher=[[American Academy of Dermatology]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>سِکَندَر کھیر</title>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''سِکَندَر کھیر''' (پیدٲیش 31 اکتوبر 1982) چھ اَکھ ہندوستٲنؠ اداکار۔ تٔمؠ کٔر پنٛنہ اداکٲری ہنٛز شروٗعات ''ووڈ اسٹاک ولا'' فلمہ سٟتؠ (2008) ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Shiksha |first1=Shruti |title=Kunal Kapoor And Naina Bachchan Headline Sikandar Kher's Birthday Party. See Pics |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/kunal-kapoor-and-naina-bachchan-headline-sikandar-khers-birthday-party-see-pics-1769136 |access-date=9 August 2019 |work=NDTV.com |date=31 October 2019 |archive-date=2 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171102232546/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/kunal-kapoor-and-naina-bachchan-headline-sikandar-khers-birthday-party-see-pics-1769136 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>jgaljjdluk4so0fzov790dcav7vj04z</sha1>
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    <title>شادی لال کول</title>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="7855" sha1="rrx9q5ehub3ffc8ghu6bvh4a689ozi4" xml:space="preserve">{{اِنسان معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ
| name               = شادی لال کول
| image              = Shadi Lal Koul.jpg
| caption            = شادی لال کول نومبر 2018 منٛز
| other_names        = ''شمس الدین''، ''نِکہٕ لال''، ''نِکہٕ بَب''
| birth_date         = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1954|01|04}}
| birth_place        = [[سِریٖنَگَر]], [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]], [[ہِندوستان]]
| death_date         = {{death date and age|df=y|2020|7|12|1954|01|04}}
| death_place        = [[جۆم]], ہِندوستان
| nationality        = ہِندوستٲنؠ
| occupation         = {{hlist|کامیڈین|ٹیلی وِجَن پیش کنند}}
| years_active       = 1974–2020
| spouse             = لَلیتا کول
| children           = {{flatlist|
* شالنی کول
* وِجے کول
* مرحوم اجے کول}}
| mother             = ستیہ وتی کول
| father             = چَنا کول
}}
'''شادی لال کول''' (4 جَنؤری 1954-12 جُلَے 2020) اوس اَکھ [[کٲشِرؠ پنٛڈِت|کٲشُر]] اداکار، یُس پننہِ مزاحیہ کردارن باپتھ مشہوٗر اوس۔ سہ اوس پنٛنیٚن مکالمن خٲطرٕ تہٕ مشہوٗر یَتھ کٔنؠ &quot;بیگم سلال ژےٚ کیٛازِ گۆے مَلال&quot;، &quot;گونے ونے چھکی بوناے&quot;، &quot;چھکہِ پییٚچنی رَس یاسَے پوشی تہٕ تَس&quot;''۔'' أمہ کٕر پننہ پیشورانہٕ زِندگی ہنٛز شروٗعات 1974 مَنٛز، تہٕ کٔرٕن ژور ہتھ کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ [[کٲشُر سیٚنِما|کٲشِرؠ]] سیریلن تہٕ کٲشِرؠ ڈراماہن مَنٛز اداکٲری۔ أمؠ سٕنٛز مہارت تہٕ کامیٲبی کوٚر تٔمس &quot;مسکھری ہُنٛد بادشاہ&quot; آسنُک غٲر رسمی لقب حٲصل۔

==اِبتدٲے زِندگی==
شادی لال کول زاو 4 جنؤری 1954 چھوٹا بازار، سرینگر کِس أکِس [[کٲشِرؠ پنٛڈِت]] خانٛدانَس مَنٛز۔ أمؠ سُنٛد مول اوس اَکھ کارٕبٲرؠ۔ شادی لال سٕنٛز پرورش ٲس سرینگر کِس [[حبہٕ کدٕل]] کِس [[کَرَن نَگَر|چھوٹا بازار]] علاقس مَنٛز کٔرمٕژ۔ شادی لال کول اوس ترٛؠن باین تہٕ أکِس بیٚنہِ مَنٛز سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ بوٚڑ نیٚچُو۔ تٔمؠ گُزٲر پننِس لۄکچارس مَنٛز اَکھ عالیشان زِندگی، مگر بدقسمتی سٟتؠ، تٔمؠ رٲو پنُن مول کم وٲنٛسہِ مَنٛز ییٚلہِ سُہ وُنہِ پران اوس۔ أمہِ سُنٛد مول گُزریٛوو دِلُک دورٕ پینہٕ کِنہِ ۔ أمہِ سٕنٛدِس مٲلہِ سٕنٛدِ مرنہٕ پتہٕ پیٚیہِ أمہِ سٕنٛدِس عیالس واریاہ مُشکِلاتن ہُنٛد شادی لال کولَن کٔر پنٛنِس عیالَس سہارٕ دِنہٕ خٲطرٕ ٹیوشن دِنہٕ۔ شادی لال کولَن کٔر دٔہمہِ جمٲژ تام بوائز ہائی سکول آر این مندرَس مَنٛز تٔعلیٖم حٲصِل۔ أمہِ کٔر اَمر سِنٛگھ کالیج پٮ۪ٹھٕ گرٛیجویشن ۔ گرٛیجویشن مُکمل کرنہٕ پتہٕ بنٲو أمہِ تھیٹر تہٕ اداکٲری مَنٛز پنٕنہِ پیشورانہٕ زِندگی ۔ 1974 تھس مَنٛز ترٲو تٔمہِ تہٕ عبدالرحیم کُچاے یَن یاسمین ڈرامیٹک کلبٕچ بُنیاد ۔ تٔمؠ ترٲو پننِس دوست ڈاکٹر ایاش عارفس سٟتؠ کالی داس تھیٹرٕچ بُنیاد تہِ، یُس کشمیر کؠو قٔدیٖم تٔریٖن تھیٹر گروپو مَنٛز اَکھ چھُ۔

== پیٚشہٕ ==
أمہِ سُنٛد گۄڈنیُوک ڈرٛامہ اوس یہِ زَنَم تہٕ سُہ زَنَم ییٚمِچ ہِدایت کٲری جئے کِشن زُتشی ین کٔرمٕژ ٲس۔ 1975 مَنٛز تسرف ڈرامہٕ سٟتؠ میٛوٗل تٔمِس پنُن گۄڈنیُک بہترین اداکار ایوارڈ۔ سُہ آو تٔرٛتہٕ بوزٕنؠ، لاش گھر، دستر، کیکٹس، گُرؠ بُتھ، لوکل ٹیکسز ایکسٹرا، یہِ زَنَم سُہ زَنَم، مچاما، تسرُف، آؤٹ آف ڈیٹ، زَہَر، بہٕ چَڑَتھ نہٕ، زَلُر، پرٛیم ناتھ بمقابلہ پریم ناتھ بیترِ مَنٛز تہِ وٕچھنہٕ۔

1980 کِس دہلِس مَنٛز، بَنیٛوو سُہ ٹی وی سیریز شَبرَنٛگ کہِ ذٔریعہٕ اَکھ گھرٕ کُن ناو، یُس 1981 پؠٹھٕ 1983 تام رِلیٖز گوٚو۔ أمہِ سٕنٛدیٚن باقٕے مشہوٗر ٹیلی وِجَن سِلسِلن مَنٛز ٲسہِ رنگن ہُینٛد رنٛگ، چیری تریوچ، غۄلام بیگم بادشاہ، تِجاراتُک آسان تاریکا، گاش اَنیٛوٗس تام، رُستم گوٹا، آدم زات، پگاہ شولی دُنیا، جَٹہٕ وَنَے، پَزَر ییٚلہِ موٗد، ہَلؠن بانَن وُکٔرؠ ٹھانٛڈ، گاش پھولنس تام، ترٛٹہٕ بُزُن، ناو ڈار آب، ییٚلہِ تۄہہ بدلِو تیٚلہِ بوزَو، وَزیرے نظر گُزار تہٕ اَمار۔

أمہِ کٔر کٲشِرِ فِلِم اِنقلابس مَنٛز اداکٲری۔

تٔمؠ کٔر دۄن ہِنٛدی سِلسِلہٕ وار گُل گُلشن گُلفام تہٕ کتھا ساگرَس مَنٛز تہِ کٲم، یِم قومی ٹیلی وِجنَس پؠٹھ نشر آیہِ کرنہٕ۔

==یَنام تہٕ اعزاز==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ 
|-
! ؤری !! یَنام  ترقیٖب
|-
| 2005 || جہلم آرٹ میڈیا ایوارڈ
|-
| 2007 || جے اینڈ کے صادق میموریل ایوارڈ
|-
| 2011 || جموں کشمیر فِلِم میکرز اینڈ آرٹسٹ کوآپریشن لمیٹڈ.
|-
| 2014 || کشمیر ایجوکیشن کلچر اینڈ سائنس سوسائٹی، [[نٔو دِل|نٔو دِلہِ]]
|-
| 2016 || جموں و کشمیر گورو سَمان&lt;ref name=&quot;gaurav samman&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/jammu/noted-singer-vijay-malla-remembered|title= Noted singer Vijay Malla remembered
 |newspaper=Greater Kashmir |date=26 February 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2021 || جے کے سٹیٹ ایوارڈ&lt;ref name=&quot;state award&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/todays-paper/rafiq-raaz-dr-naveed-nazir-shadi-lal-koul-among-14-govt-awardees/ |title= Rafiq Raaz, Dr Naveed Nazir, Shadi Lal Koul among 14 Govt awardees |newspaper=Greater Kashmir |date=25 January 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2021 || ہارمنی اِنڈیا ایوارڈ (شریشتھا سمن)&lt;ref name=&quot;Harmony India Awards&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/harmony-india-awards-for-year-2021-announced/ |title= Harmony India Awards for year 2021 announced |newspaper=Daily Excelsior |date=9 October 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

==موت ==
12 جُلَے 2020 آو میڈیاہَس مَنٛز یہِ خبر دِنہٕ زِ تٔمؠ سُنٛد [[کَنسَر]] اوس 2016 پتہٕ دۄیمہِ لَٹہِ دُبارٕ گوٚومُت تہٕ سُہ اوس شیٚن دۄہَن ہسپتالَس مَنٛز دٲخٕل کرنہٕ آمُت۔ سُہ موٗد کوماہَس مَنٛز، صبحٲے 2.45 بجہِ پننہِ روزنٕچ جاے دُرگا نگر، بنتالاب، [[جۆم|جیٚمِس]] مَنٛز۔ تٔمِس آو تَمی دۄہ جیٚمہِ کِس بنتالاب [[آوریٚنؠ]] مَنٛز أنؠ تِم سنٛسکار کرنہٕ۔

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}
[[زٲژ:2020 وَفات]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ پنٛڈِت]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ اَداکار]]</text>
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'''ستیہ نارائن نَڈیلا''' (/{{IPAc-en|n|ə|ˈ|d|ɛ|l|ə}}/′ پیدٲیش 19 اَگَست 1967) چھ اَکھ ہنٛدستانس مَنٛز پٲدٕ گژھن وول امریکی کاربار ایگزیکٹو یس [[مائیکروسافٹ]] چیئرمین تہٕ چیف ایگزیکٹو آفیسر چھ (سی ای او) ، یُس 2014 مَنٛز سٹیون بالمر پتہٕ سی ای او تہٕ 2021 مَنٛز جان ڈبلیو تھامسن پتہٕ بطور چیئرمین آو۔&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated2&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Ovide|first=Shira|date=5 February 2014|title=Microsoft Board Names Satya Nadella as CEO|url=https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304851104579362603637152172|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019013422/http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304851104579362603637152172|archive-date=19 October 2014|website=The Wall Street Journal}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;autogenerated1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=4 February 2014|title=Microsoft Board names Satya Nadella as CEO|url=http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/news/press/2014/feb14/02-04newspr.aspx|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426032128/http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/news/press/2014/feb14/02-04newspr.aspx|archive-date=26 April 2014|publisher=Microsoft.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=16 June 2021|title=Microsoft board of directors announces role changes and quarterly dividend|url=https://news.microsoft.com/2021/06/16/microsoft-board-of-directors-announces-role-changes-and-quarterly-dividend/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616230014/https://news.microsoft.com/2021/06/16/microsoft-board-of-directors-announces-role-changes-and-quarterly-dividend/|archive-date=16 June 2021|access-date=16 June 2021|website=Microsoft}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=16 June 2021|title=Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella named chairman of the board|url=https://www.cnbc.com/amp/2021/06/16/microsoft-ceo-satya-nadella-will-also-become-chairman-of-the-board.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210617061449/https://www.cnbc.com/amp/2021/06/16/microsoft-ceo-satya-nadella-will-also-become-chairman-of-the-board.html|archive-date=17 June 2021|access-date=16 June 2021|website=CNBC}}&lt;/ref&gt; سی ای او بننہٕ برٛونٛہہ اوس سُہ مائیکروسافٹ کہ کلاؤڈ تہٕ انٹرپرائز گروپک ایگزیکٹو نائب صدٕر، یُس کمپنی ہنٛد کمپیوٹنگ پلیٹ فارمٕچ تعٲمیٖر تہٕ چلاونک ذمہِ دار اوس۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Bhanver|first=Jagmohan S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=woCFAwAAQBAJ|title=Nadella: The Changing Face of Microsoft|date=10 November 2014|publisher=Hachette India|isbn=978-93-5009-891-2|language=en|access-date=19 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407161352/https://books.google.com/books?id=woCFAwAAQBAJ|archive-date=7 April 2023|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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[[File:WIKITONGUES-_Dang_speaking_Thai.webm|thumb|اکھ مقٲمی تھاے سپیکر، یس [[بینٛگ کوک|بنکاک]] منٛز ریکارڈ چھ کرنہٕ آمت۔]]
تھاے، تھایی یا مَنٛزیُٛم تھاے (تٲریخی طور سیامی فوان تھاے: голагония) کرا-ڈایی [[لَسٲنؠ خاندان|زبانہٕ خاندان]] اَکھ تایہٕ زبان چھ یس وسطی تھایی، مون، لاو وایانگ وسطی [[تھائی لینڈ|تھایلینڈس]] مَنٛز مون لوٗکن تہٕ پورٕ ملکس مَنٛز تھایی چینی محلن ہنٛز اکثریت ہنٛد ذریعہٕ بولنہٕ چھ یوان۔  یہِ چھ [[تھائی لینڈ]] وٲحد سرکٲری زبان&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Diller|first=A.|title=National identity and its defenders: Thailand today|url=https://archive.org/details/nationalidentity0000unse_o9p5|last2=Reynolds|first2=Craig J.|date=2002|publisher=Silkworm Books|isbn=974-7551-88-8|editor-last=Reynolds|location=Chiang Mai|chapter=What makes central Thai a national language?|oclc=54373362}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Draper|first=John|title=The Routledge International Handbook of Language Education Policy in Asia|date=2019|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-315-66623-5|location=Abingdon, Oxfordshire; New York City|pages=229–242|chapter=Language education policy in Thailand|doi=10.4324/9781315666235-16}}&lt;/ref&gt;

تھایی چھ مقٲمی تہٕ سۆمبرُنی طور پٲٹھؠ بولن والؠن دۄشوٕنی زبانن مَنٛز تھایی لینڈٕک 60 کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ زبانن مَنٛز ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ بولنہٕ یوان۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:زَبان]]</text>
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'''ششی کپوٗر''' (تلفظ [ʃəʃi kəpuːɾ]) اوس اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ اداکار تہٕ پروڈیوسر یس بنیٲدی طور پٲٹھؠ [[ہِندی زَبان|ہندی]] فلمن مَنٛز پننہٕ کٲمہٕ خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ چھ یوان۔ سہ چھ ہِندوستٲنؠ سنیما کس تٲریخس مَنٛز سارِوٕے کھوتہٕ بڑ تہٕ کامیاب اداکارو مَنٛز اَکھ ماننہٕ یوان، تہٕ چھ واریاہ اعزازات حٲصل کرن وول، یمن مَنٛز ژور نیشنل فلم ایوارڈز تہٕ زٕ فلم فیئر ایوارڈز شٲمل چھِ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Shashi Kapoor: The suave middle class hero|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/shashi-kapoor-the-suave-middle-class-hero/story-T0TN4ZsJvh68e7IWmHvafM.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129183938/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/shashi-kapoor-the-suave-middle-class-hero/story-T0TN4ZsJvh68e7IWmHvafM.html|archive-date=29 January 2018|access-date=10 December 2017|website=Hindustan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt; حکومت ہند ہن کوٚر تٔمس ہِندوستٲنؠ سنیما ہس مَنٛز أمہ سٕنٛد تعاون خٲطرٕ 2011 ہس مَنٛز پدم بھوشن تہٕ 2014 ہس مَنٛز دادا صاحب پھالکے اعزاز دِنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Worth Their Weight in Gold! - Box Office India : India's premier film trade magazine|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.co.in/worth-their-weight-in-gold/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170915183938/http://boxofficeindia.co.in/worth-their-weight-in-gold|archive-date=15 September 2017|access-date=24 October 2015}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170915183938/http://boxofficeindia.co.in/worth-their-weight-in-gold |date=15 September 2017 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:2017 وَفات]]</text>
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    <title>شبیر شاہ</title>
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| image              = Shabirshah.png
| alt                = شبیر شاہ
| caption            = شبیر شاہ
| birth_date         = {{birth-date and age|14 June 1953}}
| birth_place        = اننت ناگ
| occupation         = کأشُر علیحدگی پسند رہنما
| spouse             = بلقیس شاہ
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'''شبیر احمد شاہ''' یس مقبوٗل پٲٹھؠ شبیر شاہ ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ چھ یوان (پیدٲیش 14 جون 1953) کٲدؠ پوٗر، [[انَنت ناگ ضِلہٕ|اننت ناگ]]، [[کٔشیٖر|کشمیر]] مَنٛز چھ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] ڈیموکریٹک فریڈم پارٹی ہنٛد بانی تہٕ صدر (جے کے ڈی ایف پی) جموں و کشمیرس &quot;حق خودارا&quot; تلاش کرن والؠن اہم [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر منٛز بغاوَت|علیحدگی پسند]] سیٲسی تنظیمن مَنٛز اَکھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Schofield|first=Victoria|url=https://www.walmart.com/ip/Kashmir-in-Conflict-India-Pakistan-and-the-Unending-War-2nd-Edition-Paperback-9780755607181/848208940|title=Kashmir in Conflict : India, Pakistan and the Unending War|date=25 February 2021|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|isbn=9780755607181|edition=2nd|pages=203}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ذٲتی زِندگی==
شبیرَس چھُ پیشہٕ لحاظہٕ اَکھ ڈاکٹر بلقیس شاہَس سٟتؠ خانٛدَر کٔرِتھ، تہٕ یِمَن چھِ زٕ کورِ- سحر شبیر شاہ تہٕ سما شبیر شاہ۔

دَسَمبَر 2021 ہَس مَنٛز آو یہِ اطلاع دِنہٕ زِ شاہ اوس جیلَس مَنٛز &quot;سؠٹھاہ بؠمار&quot;۔

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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        <id>9889</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''قاسِم فکتوٗ''' (یَتھ '''محمد قاسِم''' تہٕ ونان چھ) چھ اَکھ [[کشمیر تنازٕ|کشمیری علیحدگی پسند]] تہٕ عسکریت پسنٛد، یس ہریدے ناتھ وانچو سٕنٛد قَتٕل کس جرمس مَنٛز عمر قید سزا چھ گزٲران۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=BOOK REVIEW: Dr. Muhammad Qasim–the victim of political Vendetta – KashmirWatch|url=https://kashmirwatch.com/book-review-dr-muhammad-qasimthe-victim-of-political-vendetta/|access-date=2025-06-12|archive-date=2020-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326064502/https://kashmirwatch.com/book-review-dr-muhammad-qasimthe-victim-of-political-vendetta/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; سہ اوس [[حِزبُ المجاہِدیٖن|حزب المجاہدین]] کؠن گۄڈنکین ارکانن مَنٛز اَکھ۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''ہِند-یوٗرپی زَبانہٕ''' چھ اَکھ [[لَسٲنؠ خاندان|زبانٕ خاندان]] یمیوک مقٲمی باشندٕ چھ شمٲلی [[بَرِصَغیٖر ہِند|برصغیر پاک و ہند]] [[یوٗرَپ|یورپٕک]] زیادٕہ تر حصہٕ، تہٕ ایرانی سطح مرتفع چھ یمن ہنز اضافی مُقٲمی شاخہٕ [[سِری لنٛکا|سری لنکا،]] [[مالدیٖو|مالدیٖو،]] وسطی ایشیا کین حصن (مثلا، [[تاجیکِستان|تاجیکستان]] تہٕ [[اَفغٲنِستان|افغانستان]]) مَنٛز لبنہٕ چھ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Bryce|first=Trevor|title=Kingdom of the Hittites|url=https://archive.org/details/kingdomofhittite0000bryc_w4n1|date=2005|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-928132-9|edition=New|page=[https://archive.org/details/kingdomofhittite0000bryc_w4n1/page/37 37]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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زاہِد محموٗد ([[سِندھی زَبان|سندھی]]:زاهد محمود ڀٽی ، زامُت   20 مارٕچ 1988) چھ اَکھ پاکستٲنؠ [[کِرٛکَٹ|کرٚکیٚٹر]] یس جۆنوٗبی پنجاب خٲطرٕ گِنٛدان چھُ۔ أمہ کٔر فَرؤری 2021 ہس مَنٛز [[پٲکِستان قومی کِرٛکَٹ ٹیٖم|پاکستان کرکٹ ٹیم]] خٲطرٕ بین الاقوٲمی سطحس پیٚٹھ شروٗعات۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Bio&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Zahid Mahmood|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/433614.html|access-date=28 November 2015|website=ESPN Cricinfo}}&lt;/ref&gt; أمہ کٔر دَسَمبَر 2022 ہس مَنٛز انگلینڈس خَلاف ٹیسٹس مَنٛز شروٗعات۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Test&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Pakistan v England at Rawalpindi, Dec 1-5 2022|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1330871.html|access-date=1 December 2022|website=ESPN Cricinfo}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:1988 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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'''ساجِد کامران خان''' (پیدٲیش 23 نَوَمبَر 1970) چھِ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ فلم ڈائریکٹر، ٹیلی وِجَن پیش کار، مزاح نگار تہٕ اَکھ اداکار یس [[ہِندی زَبان|ہندی]] فلم انڈسٹری مَنٛز کٲم چھ کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;dob&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=23 November 2015|title=Farah Khan, Rishi Kapoor wishes for love, 'filminess' on Sajid Khan's birthday|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/farah-khan-rishi-kapoor-wishes-for-love-filminess-on-sajid-khans-birthday/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225144812/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/farah-khan-rishi-kapoor-wishes-for-love-filminess-on-sajid-khans-birthday/|archive-date=25 December 2018|access-date=30 April 2016|website=[[The Indian Express]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; سہ اوس ہاؤز فل فلم سیریز، ''ہیی بیبی'' (2007) تہٕ ''ہمشکلز'' (2014) باپتھ مشہوٗر۔ خانن کٔر ہِندوستٲنؠ ریئلٹی ٹیلی وِجَن شو '''نَچ بالیے''' یَس مَنٛز بطور جَج کٲم۔ یہِ چھ [[نَژُن|نژن]] ہیٚچھناون واجیٚن [[فرح خان|فراہ خان]] سُنٛد بوے۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:1970 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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| fam3             = ایرانی زَبانہٕ
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| fam5             = شُمال مغربی|script=عربی رسامُل خط}}[[File:WIKITONGUES-_Malek_speaking_Eastern_Balochi.webm|thumb|مشرقی بلوچ بولن وول ]]
'''بَلوچی زَبان''' یا '''بَلوچ زَبان''' چھِ اَکھ شمال مغربی ایران زَبان، یوٚسہٕ بنیٲدی طور پٲٹھؠ [[پٲکِستان]]، [[ایٖران]] تہٕ افغانستان کس [[بلوچستان (پاکِستان)|بلوچستان علاقہٕ]] مَنٛز بولنہٕ چھ یوان۔  اَمہِ علاوٕ، [[عُمان|عمان]] خلیج فارس، [[تُرکمانِستان]] مشرقی افریقہ تہٕ دنیا کین باقی حصن مَنٛز چھ ڈاسپورا کمیونٹیزٕک بولنے وٲلؠ موجود۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Spooner2011&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Spooner|first=Brian|title=Language Policy and Language Conflict in Afghanistan and Its Neighbors|url=https://archive.org/details/languagepolicyla0000unse|date=2011|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-9004201453|editor-last=Schiffman|editor-first=Harold F.|page=[https://archive.org/details/languagepolicyla0000unse/page/319 319]|chapter=10. Balochi: Towards a Biography of the Language|quote=It [Balochi] is spoken by three to five million people in Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Oman and the Persian Gulf states, Turkmenistan, East Africa, and diaspora communities in other parts of the world.}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''ایتھنولوگ'' کہ مطٲبق چھ بولن والین ہنٛد کُل تعداد {{sigfig|8.750850|2}} ملین۔ یمو مَنٛز چھ 6.28 ملین پاکستانس مَنٛز۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2017|title=Table 11 – Population by Mother Tongue, Sex and Rural/Urban|url=https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2017/tables/pakistan/Table11n.pdf|access-date=2023-11-25|website=[[Pakistan Bureau of Statistics]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

بلوچؠ قٕسم چھ اَکھ بولہ جٲری تھاوان تہٕ اجتمٲعی طور چھ کم از کم 1 کروڑ مقٲمی بولن وٲلہ۔ 

برائن سپونر سٕنٛد مطٲبق، &lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Spooner|first=Brian|title=Language Policy and Language Conflict in Afghanistan and Its Neighbors|url=https://archive.org/details/languagepolicyla0000unse|date=2011|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-9004201453|editor-last=Schiffman|editor-first=Harold F.|page=[https://archive.org/details/languagepolicyla0000unse/page/320 320]|chapter=10. Balochi: Towards a Biography of the Language}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{Blockquote|زیادٕ تر بلوچ بولن والین ہنٛز خواندگی چِھ نہٕ بلوچی منٛز، بلکہ پاکستانس منٛز [[اردو]] تہٕ [[فارسی]] [[افغٲنِستان]] تہٕ [[ایٖران|ایرانس]] منٛز۔ وۄنؠ تہِ چھِ واریاہ کم بلوچ کُنہِ تہِ مُلکَس منٛز بلوچی پران، حالانٛکہِ یتھ حروف تہٕ حرفَس منٛز یہِ چھپاونہٕ چھُ یِوان سُہ چھُ بنیٲدی طور فارسی تہٕ اردوَس ہِوی۔}}بلوچ چھ مغربی ایران ذیلی گروپس سٟتؠ تعلق تھاوان، تہٕ امیوک اصلی وطن چھ وسطی کیسپین خطس انٛدؠ پٔکہٕ آسنُک تجویز۔

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>سونالی پھوگٹ</title>
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'''سونالی پھوگٹ''' (21 سَتَمبَر 1979-23 اَگَست 2022) ٲس اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ سِیاستھ دان تہٕ سابقہ سوشل میڈیا شخصیت۔ سۄ ٲس [[بھارتی جَنتا پارٹی|بھارتیہ جنتا پارٹی]] ([[ہَرِیانا|ہریانہ]] کس حصار پؠٹھ بی جے پی) ہٕچ رہنما تہٕ بی جے پی ہٕچ زنانہٕ ونگ بی جے پی مہیلا مورچہ ہنٛز قومی نائب صدٕر۔ أمس چھ ہنٛدی زبٲنہ فلمن مَنٛز تہٕ سہرٕ دنہٕ آمت۔ 2020 ہس مَنٛز کٔر أمہ بِگ باس 14 ہس مَنٛز شرکت۔

==ذٲتی زِندگی ==
سونالی فوگاٹ زایہ [[ہَرِیانا|ہریانہ]] کِس ہِسار ضِلہٕ کِس أکِس لۄکٹِس گامس مَنٛز ییٚمِس بھوتھن ناو اوس۔ أمِس اوس سنجے فوگاٹس سۭتہِ خانٛدر کٔرِتھ یُس 2016 ہَس مَنٛز گُزریٛوو تہٕ أمِس چھِ اَکھ کوٗر یشودھرا فوگاٹ۔

==موتھ==
فوگاٹ گُزرے 23 اَگَست 2022 [[گوا]] رِیاستس مَنٛز أکِس دورس دوران۔ أمہِ سٕنٛدِ عیالَن کوٚر اِلزام زِ سۄ ٲس قتٕل کرنہٕ آمٕژ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;so6&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=BJP leader, actress Sonali Phogat dies at 42 |url=https://www.siasat.com/bjp-leader-actress-sonali-phogat-dies-at-42-2396178/ |access-date=27 August 2022 |publisher=The Siasat Daily |date=23 August 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:2022 وَفات]]</text>
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[[File:Sheikh_Aziz.jpg|right|thumb|330x330px|'''شیخ عبد العزیز''' (1952-11 اگست 2008) چیئرمین، جموں کشمیر پیپلز لیگ تہٕ [[آل پارٹیز حُریَت کانفرنس|آل پارٹیز حریت کانفرنس]] اکھ نمایاں رکن۔]]
'''شیخ عبدُل عزیٖز''' (1952-11 اَگَست 2008) اوس [[جموں کشمیر پیپلز لیگ]] چیئرمین تہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جموں و کشمیر]] مَنٛز سرگرم کشمیری علیحدگی پسنٛد گروپن ہنٛد اتحاد [[آل پارٹیز حُریَت کانفرنس|آل پارٹیز حریت کانفرنس]] اَکھ نمایاں رکن۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Kashmiri separatist leader killed-AlJazeera&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/asia/2008/08/2008811153847828577.html|title=Kashmiri separatist leader killed|date=12 August 2008|publisher=[[Al Jazeera Arabic|Al-Jazeera]]|accessdate=11 August 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; سہ اوس پنٛنس کشمیر کس حق خودارق خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ یوان تہٕ تس اوس یقین ز [[اقوامہٕ متحدٕ|اقوام متحدہ]] چہ نگرٲنی مَنٛز اَکھ آزاد رائے دٲری ہیٚکہ [[جۆنوٗبی ایشیا|جنوبی ایشیاء]] مَنٛز امن أنِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Last words of Saheed-e-Azeemat Sheikh Abdul Aziz&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.kashmirwatch.com/showkashmir.php?subaction=showfull&amp;id=1218663599&amp;archive=&amp;start_from=&amp;ucat=17&amp;var1news=value1news|title=Last words of Saheed-e-Azeemat Sheikh Abdul Aziz|date=13 August 2008|publisher=kashmirwatch.com|accessdate=11 August 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;

عزیٖز آو 11 اَگَست 2008 ہس مَنٛز ہندوستٲنہ نیم فوجی دستو دسہ [[وادی کٔشیٖر|وادی کشمیر]] چہ مبینہ 'معاشی ناکہٕ بندی' خَلاف مظٲہرٕچ قیادت کران مارنہٕ یٗس [[اَمرناتھ زٔمیٖن مُنتَقٔلی تنازٕ|امرناتھ زمینچہ مُنتَقٔلی ہندس تنازعس]] دوران مقٲمی کشمیری سخت گیر گروپو طرفہٕ زیٛادٕ تر [[مُسلمان|مسلمان]] آبٲدی پؠٹھ عمل اوس کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Obituary: Sheikh Abdul Aziz (1952-2008)&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Murtaza|first=Shibli|date=11 August 2008|title=Obituary: Sheikh Abdul Aziz (1952-2008)|url=http://www.kashmiraffairs.org/sheik_aziz_profile.html|access-date=11 August 2009|publisher=kashmiraffairs.org|archive-date=28 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728100800/http://www.kashmiraffairs.org/sheik_aziz_profile.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

عزیز اوس اَکھ &quot;آزٲدی خٲطرٕ&quot; سیاست دان۔ دۄشوٕنی [[کٔشیٖر|کشمیر]] نش آزٲدی ہنٛد منٛگ کرنس پؠٹھ اوس سہ واریاہن موقعن پؠٹھ قٲد کرنہٕ آمت۔ یہِ چھ ترٛیم نُمایاں علیحدگی پسنٛد رہنما یس [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جموں و کشمیر]] مَنٛز 1989 ہس مَنٛز ہندوستٲنہ حکوٗمتس خَلاف مسلح جدوجہد پھٹنہٕ پتہٕ مارنہٕ آو۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Kashmiri separatist leader killed-AlJazeera&quot;/&gt; تمہ سنٛد پتہٕ آو [[مۄختیار احمد وازٕ]] أمؠ سٕنٛز جایہِ۔
[[زٲژ:2008 وَفات]]</text>
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'''سیموئیل ہارس آلٹمین''' (پیدٲیش 22 اپریل 1985) چھ اَکھ امریکی ٹیکنالوجی کاروباری شخصیت، سرمایہ کار، تہٕ 2019 پؠٹھ اوپن اے آیی یک چیف ایگزیکٹو آفیسر (سہ آو مختصر طورس پؠٹھ برخاست کرنہٕ تہٕ نَوَمبَر 2023 مَنٛز بحال کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;openailp&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=OpenAI LP|url=https://openai.com/blog/openai-lp/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190311161512/https://openai.com/blog/openai-lp/|archive-date=March 11, 2019|website=openai.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; سہٕ چھ اے آۓ بوم کہ اہم شخصیتن مَنٛز اَکھ سمجھنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Intelligencer&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Weil|first=Elizabeth|date=2023-09-25|title=Sam Altman Is the Oppenheimer of Our Age.|url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/article/sam-altman-artificial-intelligence-openai-profile.html|access-date=2023-12-12|website=Intelligencer|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Mickle|first=Tripp|last2=Metz|first2=Cade|last3=Isaac|first3=Mike|last4=Weise|first4=Karen|date=2023-12-09|title=Inside OpenAI's Crisis Over the Future of Artificial Intelligence|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/09/technology/openai-altman-inside-crisis.html|accessdate=2023-12-12|journal=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2023-12-10|title=Artificial: The OpenAI Story|url=https://www.wsj.com/tech/ai/artificial-the-openai-story-21587cbd|access-date=2023-12-12|website=Wall Street Journal|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

جون 2025 ہَس تام اوس آلٹمین سٕنٛز کُل مۄلَتُک تخمینہٕ 1.7 بلین ڈالر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Sam Altman|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/sam-altman/|access-date=2025-06-21|website=Forbes|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{nbsp}}

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="5148" sha1="0h2n6aksn32ic9qauxwu2h30lzb8wqm" xml:space="preserve">{{ہؠندؠ مَندَر معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ|name=زالہٕ جی مَندَر &lt;br&gt; جُوالا جی مَندَر|image=File:Khrew.jpg|caption=زالہٕ جی مَنٛدَر|map_size=|map_caption=جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر منٛز جاے|coordinates={{Coord|34|01|18.2|N|74|59|41.6|E|type:landmark_region:IN_scale:100|display=inline,title}}|coordinates_footnotes=&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=India |first1=Geological Survey of |title=Records of the Geological Survey of India |date=1962 |publisher=[[Geological Survey of India]] |page=80 |language=English |quote=Towards N. 65° E. of Jwalamukhi temple at Khrew ( 34°01': 75°00'; 43 J / 16 ) also, there are outcrops of limestone with CaO, 49 per cent.}}&lt;/ref&gt;|locale=|location=[[کھرِو]]|district=[[پُلووم ضِلہٕ]]|state=[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]]|country=[[ہِندوستان]]|elevation_m=1607|elevation_footnotes=&lt;ref name=&quot;Bhat2014&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Bhat |first1=Chander M. |title=The Shrine of Jawalaji Khrew |url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/shrine-jawalaji-khrew/ |publisher=[[Daily Excelsior]] |accessdate=10 November 2020 |language=English |date=6 December 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;|footnotes=|pushpin_map=India Jammu and Kashmir|primary_deity=[[جُوالا جی]]}}
'''زالہٕ جی مَنٛدَر'''،'''جُوالا جی مَندَر'''،'''زالہٕ مۄکھ مَنٛدَر''' یا '''جُوالا مُکھی مَندَر''' چھُ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]]، ہِندوستان کِس [[پُلووم ضِلہٕ]] کِس [[کھرِو]] قصبس مَنٛز ہؠندؠ مندر۔

یہِ مندر چھ واریاہن [[کٲشِرؠ بٹہٕ]] خانٛدانن ہنٛز کل دیوی [[جُوالا (دیوی)|جوالا جی]] یس خٲطرٕ وقف۔

پرٛؠتھ ؤریہ چھ اشدھا کس رؠتس مَنٛز جُوالامُکھی مٲلہٕ منٛدرس مَنٛز منعقد گژھان یہِ چھِ فِرقہٕ وارانہٕ ہم آہنگی ہنٛز مثال یس [[كَشميٖريَت]] رؠواجس سٟتؠ مشترکہٕ چھ، یَتھ مَنٛز [[کٲشِرؠ بٹہٕ|کٲشِرؠ بٹن]] تہٕ [[کٲشِرؠ مُسَلمان]] دۄشوے چھ تہوار مناوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Sajnani2001&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Sajnani|first=Manohar|title=Encyclopaedia of Tourism Resources in India|date=2001|publisher=Gyan Publishing House|isbn=978-81-7835-017-2|page=163|language=English|quote=An important festival is Jwalamukhi fair which is held in village Khrew near Pulwama. The temple is situated on top of a small hillock and is known as Jwalamukhi. The festival falls on or about 16th July and is celebrated by Hindus as well as Muslims. About 250 to 300 stalls are set up by Muslim peasants for the sale of different kinds of commodities. Confectionary shops and such other stalls in which earthen trays with ghee and a cotton wick are available for sale are run by Hindu shopkeepers.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== تَوٲریٖخ  ==

[[تَوٲریٖخ دان]] [[کَلہَن]] چھ ''[[راج ترنگنی|راجترنٛگنی]]'' مَنٛز گام &quot;[[کھرِو]]&quot; &quot;کھڈووی&quot; ونان تہٕ چھ لیکھان زِ ترٛے ہتھ شیٹھ [[شوٗژ آب|شوٗژآبِک]] [[ناگ]] چھ ییٚتہ موجوٗد۔ کلہانہ سٟنٛد مطٲبق، گام کہ مشرق کہ بالہٕ پؠٹھ اوس اکس چٹانس پؠٹھ اَکھ سِرٕ آکار  (mystical diagram) بناونہٕ آمُت۔

== تعٲمیٖر  ==

جُوالا جی مندرٕچ تعٲمیر گیہ ووہمہ صٔدی ہٕنٛز، ییٚمیک آغاز راجہ دیا کرشنا کولن کۆرمت اوس۔ افسانہٕ چھ یہِ زِ مندر بننہٕ برٛونٛہہ ٲس جُوالا دیوی ہنٛز دیوٲیی موجوٗدگی اَتھ رٕژ مُقامس پؠٹھ اَکھ '''گاش در زٕژ'''  پٲٹھؠ ظٲہر گٔمٕژ۔ دٔلیٖل چھےٚ یہِ ز دیوتا ٲسؠ کٗبرا سنٛد خزانہٕ قبضہٕ کرنٕچ کوٗشش کران، مگر راکشس ٲسؠ تمن رُکاونٕچہ کوٗشش کران۔ دیوتاہن ہنٛد درخواستس پؠٹھ، کۆر جُوالا دیوی مداخلت تہٕ رکٲوو اَتھ جایہ دیوتاہن ہنٛد سفر۔ دیوتاہن ہنٛز اِلتجا کس جوابس مَنٛز کۆر جُوالا دیوی اَتھ جایہ مستقل روزنُک فٲصلہٕ، ییٚمہ سٟتؠ قابل احترام جُوال جی مندرک قیام عملس مَنٛز آو۔

== رٕتؠ ناگ ==

بالہٕ کِس بُنیادس پؠٹھ چھ مندرس مَنٛز اَکھ رُت ناگ یَتھ مقٲمی طور پٲٹھؠ ''بۆڈ ناگ،'' ''انیک ناگ،'' ''انو ناگ'' یا ''ناگبل'' چھِ ونان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Bhat2014&quot; /&gt; درشن کرن والؠن خٲطرٕ چھ یہِ رؠواج زِ تم کرن مندرس مَنٛز دٲخل گژھنہٕ برٛونٛہہ پانٕچ پٲکی رٕتؠ ناگ کہ [[پونؠ یا آب|پونؠ]] سٟتؠ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Bhat2014&quot; /&gt;

==بییٚہِ ؤچھِو==
[[جُوالا جی]]
==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:پلوۄم ضِلہٕ]]</text>
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'''شگُن شرما''' چھےٚ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ اداکأر یوٚسہٕ ہنٛدی ٹیلی وِجنس مَنٛز کٲم چھےٚ کران۔ سۄ چھےٚ عشق پر زور نہ مَنٛز سونالی ملہوترا راٹھور، ''سسورال گینڈا پھول 2'' مَنٛز تانیا اوستھی کشیپ، ''ہرفول موہنی'' مَنٛز موہنی وجین چودھری تہٕ یہِ ہے چاہتینس مَنٛز کاشوی سابھروال سٕنٛد کردارٕ خٲطرٕ مشہوٗر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title='इश्क पर जोर नहीं' फेम शगुन शर्मा बनना चाहती हैं 'बिग बॉस 15' का हिस्सा, कही यह बात|url=https://www.aajtak.in/entertainment/television/story/shagun-sharma-wants-to-do-bigg-boss-15-this-time-says-this-tmov-1298587-2021-07-27|website=[[Aaj Tak]]|language=hi}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://www.aajtak.in/entertainment/television/story/shagun-sharma-wants-to-do-bigg-boss-15-this-time-says-this-tmov-1298587-2021-07-27 &quot;'इश्क पर जोर नहीं' फेम शगुन शर्मा बनना चाहती हैं 'बिग बॉस 15' का हिस्सा, कही यह बात&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=22 October 2021|title=Sasural Genda Phool to return with a new season; Jay Soni, Shagun Sharma to play the leads|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/sasural-genda-phool-to-come-with-a-new-season-jay-soni-shagun-sharma-to-play-the-leads-7585056/|website=[[The Indian Express]]}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/sasural-genda-phool-to-come-with-a-new-season-jay-soni-shagun-sharma-to-play-the-leads-7585056/ &quot;Sasural Genda Phool to return with a new season; Jay Soni, Shagun Sharma to play the leads&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;harphoul&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Harphoul Mohini features Shagun Sharma and Zebby Singh|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/north-meets-south-385681|access-date=20 September 2022|website=The Tribune}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/north-meets-south-385681 &quot;Harphoul Mohini features Shagun Sharma and Zebby Singh&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''سُنیٖل دَت''' (پیدٲیش '''بلراج رگھوناتھ دَت''' 6 جون 1929-25 مئی 2005) اوس اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ اداکار، فِلِم پروڈیوسر، ہدایت کار تہٕ سِیاستھ دان یس ہِندی سیٚنماہس مَنٛز پننہ کامہ خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ چھ یوان۔ أمہ کٕر پانژن دہلو پیٹھہٕ زیٛادٕ کالس پؠٹھ 80 کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ فلمن مَنٛز اداکٲری تہٕ تٔمس آیہ ترٛےٚ فِلِم فیئر ایوارڈز دنہٕ، یمن مَنٛز زٕ بہتٔریٖن اداکار سٕنٛد خٲطرٕ تہ شٲمل ٲسہ۔ ہِندوستٲنؠ سنیما کس تٲریخس مَنٛز ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ کامیاب تہٕ بہتٔریٖن اداکارو منٛزٕ اَکھ ماننہٕ ینہٕ وول دت اوس پنٛنہ منفرد طرزن تہٕ پنٛنہ فلمن ہٕنٛد ذٔریعہٕ اثر دار پیغامات دنہٕ خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=6 June 2024|title=Sunil Dutt's Journey from bus conductor to Bollywood Superstar|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/golden-days-sunil-dutts-journey-from-a-bus-conductor-to-bollywood-superstar-and-beyond/articleshow/110761672.cms|access-date=1 May 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; 1968 ہس مَنٛز کوٚر حکومت ہند ہن تٔمس ہِندوستٲنؠ سیٚنماہس مَنٛز أمہ سٕنٛد تعاون خٲطرٕ [[پَدَم شِرٛی|پدم شری]] ہندوستانک ژوٗرم ساروٕیہ کھۄتہٕ بوٚڑ شہری اعزاز دنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Profile&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Member Detail – Dutt, Shri Sunil|url=https://sansad.in/ls/members/biographyM/476|access-date=8 May 2025|website=Lok Sabha}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Padma Awards {{!}} Interactive Dashboard|url=http://www.dashboard-padmaawards.gov.in/?Award=Padma%20Shri&amp;Year=1968-1968|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011214210/http://www.dashboard-padmaawards.gov.in/?Award=Padma+Shri&amp;Year=1968-1968|archive-date=11 October 2020|access-date=14 August 2020|website=www.dashboard-padmaawards.gov.in|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

1995 مَنٛز آو تس فِلِم انڈسٹری مَنٛز پنژہن دہائین ہنٛد شِرکژ خٲطرٕ فِلِم فیئر لائف ٹائم اچیومنٹ ایوارڈ دنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/movie-awards/filmfare-awards-winners/bollywood/1996/101|title=Filmfare Awards (1995)|journal=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

1958 ہس مَنٛز کوٚر دتن پننہ ''مدر انڈیا'' چہ سٲتھی اداکار [[نرگِس]] سٟتؠ خانٛدر۔ یمن ٲسؠ اکہٕ ساتھ ترٛےٚ شُرؠ، یمن مَنٛز اداکار [[سنجے دَت]] تہٕ شٲمل چھُ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;HT_Sep2021&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=The Nargis and Sunil Dutt love story: When he saved her from fire and she found the love of her life|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/the-nargis-and-sunil-dutt-love-story-when-he-saved-her-from-fire-and-she-found-the-love-of-her-life-101622508383898.html|journal=Hindustan Times|date=1 June 2021|accessdate=5 September 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:2005 وَفات]]</text>
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'''سنجے بَلراج دَت''' (پیدٲیش 29 جُلَے 1959) چھِ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ اداکار، پلے بیک گلوکار تہٕ فِلِم پروڈیوسر یس کینٛہہ تیلگو کنڑ تامل پنجابی فلمن علاوٕ چھ [[ہِندی زَبان|ہِندی]] سیٚنماہس مَنٛز کٲم کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=28 July 2023|title=Happy birthday Sanjay Dutt: Revisit some of his best performances|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/sanjay-dutt-best-performances-birthday-101690561614524.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240318081606/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/sanjay-dutt-best-performances-birthday-101690561614524.html|archive-date=18 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Sanjay Dutt|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sanjay-dutt|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028231147/https://www.indiatoday.in/sanjay-dutt|archive-date=28 October 2018|access-date=28 October 2018|website=India Today}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=29 July 2016|title=Sanjay Dutt|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/star-weekend/mad-genius/sanjay-dutt-1260802|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726042409/https://www.thedailystar.net/star-weekend/mad-genius/sanjay-dutt-1260802|archive-date=26 July 2019|access-date=26 July 2019|website=The Daily Star|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; أمہ کٔر 160 کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ فلمن مَنٛز اداکٲری۔ پننہ ورسٹائل سکرین موجودگی تہٕ دوشونی بہادر تہٕ مخالف ہیرو کردارٕ ہٕنٛدیٚن کردارن ہٕنٛز تصویر کشی خٲطرٕ مشہوٗر، دتن زیٖنؠ واریاہ تعٲریٖف یمن مَنٛز زٕ فِلِم فیئر ایوارڈز ترٛےٚ سکرین ایوارڈز تہٕ اَکھ گلوبل انڈین فِلِم ایوارڈ شٲمل چھِ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;buzz&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=29 July 2023|title=Sanjay Dutt Birthday: 8 Films of the Actor That Will Surely Make You Laugh!|url=https://www.news18.com/movies/sanjay-dutt-birthday-8-films-of-the-actor-that-will-surely-make-you-laugh-8448445.html|access-date=6 July 2025|website=News18}}&lt;/ref&gt; ژورو [[دہائ|دہلو]] دوران کوٚر تٔمؠ پنُن پان ہندوستٲنؠ سنیما کیٚن کامیاب اداکارو منٛزٕ اَکھ قٲیم۔&lt;ref name=&quot;vcx&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=29 July 2023|title=From 'Vaastav' to 'Agneepath': Celebrating Sanjay Dutt's 64th birthday with his iconic on-screen performances|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/from-vaastav-to-ageepath-celebrating-sanjay-dutts-64th-birthday-with-his-iconic-on-screen-performances/articleshow/102227815.cms|website=The Economic Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

دَت آو اپریل 1993 ہس مَنٛز تاڈا تہٕ آرمس ایکٹ تحت گرفتار کرنہٕ تہٕ پتہٕ آو 1993 کس بم دھماکن مَنٛز اے کے 56 رائفلس ہیتھ غٲر قونوٗنی ہتھیار تھاونس پؠٹھ آرمس ایکٹٕچ خَلاف ورزی کرنس پؠٹھ مُجرم قرار دنہٕ۔ تٔمس آو پانژن ؤرین ہنٛد جیلک سزا دنہٕ۔ سزا دوران آیہ تٔمس واریاہ لٹہِ ضمانت دنہٕ، ییٚمہ وجہ سۭتہ أمؠ صرف 2016 ہس مَنٛز پنن پانژن ورین ہنٛد جیلک سزا پوٗرٕ کٔر۔ تٔمس آیہ 1993، 1995، 2007، 2013، 2015 تہٕ 2016 مَنٛز ضمانت دنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=25 February 2016|title=From arrest to release: A complete, 23-year-long Sanjay Dutt timeline|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/from-arrest-to-release-a-complete-23-year-long-sanjay-dutt-timeline/story-7lEBOzaghF8UDsUiwBLKyO.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709064548/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/from-arrest-to-release-a-complete-23-year-long-sanjay-dutt-timeline/story-7lEBOzaghF8UDsUiwBLKyO.html|archive-date=9 July 2018|access-date=11 February 2020|publisher=[[Hindustan Times]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=22 March 2013|title=Bollywood star Sanjay Dutt ordered to prison for gun possession|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2013/03/21/world/asia/india-actor-sentenced/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181028112321/https://edition.cnn.com/2013/03/21/world/asia/india-actor-sentenced/index.html|archive-date=28 October 2018|access-date=11 February 2020|publisher=[[CNN]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=21 March 2013|title=Sanjay Dutt: Bollywood actor sent back to jail for 1993 Mumbai blasts|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-21873316|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403060026/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-21873316|archive-date=3 April 2019|access-date=11 February 2020|website=[[BBC News]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; دت سٕنٛز زندگی آیہ ہِندوستانس مَنٛز کٲفی میڈیا کوریج حٲصل کرنہٕ، تہٕ 2018 ہس مَنٛز، ''[[سنجوٗ]]'' أمہ سٕنٛز زندگی پیٚٹھ مبنی اَکھ بایوپک (یَتھ مَنٛز أمہ سٕنٛز خاص اداکٲری تہ آیہ وٕچھنہٕ، یَتھ مَنٛز [[رَنبیٖر کٔپوٗر|رنبیر کٔپوٗر]]  دَت پٲٹھؠ اوس، آیہ مثبت جٲیزٕ دنہٕ تہٕ یہِ آو ہندوستٲنہ سنیما کیٚن ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ کماون والیٚن اداکارو منٛزٕ اَکھ بناونہٕ آو۔&lt;ref name=&quot;boxofficeindia.com&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Sanju – Movie – Box Office India|url=https://boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=3787|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516021701/https://www.boxofficeindia.com/movie.php?movieid=3787|archive-date=16 May 2021|access-date=1 June 2021|website=boxofficeindia.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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'''دوسا،''' '''دوساے''' یا '''دوسہٕ''' چھ ہِندوستٲنؠ کھؠن مَنٛز اَکھ زٲوِل، مزٕ دار کریپ یُس کرٛہِن دالہِ تہٕ [[تۆمُل|توٚملہٕ]] کس خمیر شدٕ بیٹر سٟتؠ چھِ بناونہٕ یوان۔ دوسا چھ گرم گرم، اکثر [[ژؠٹِنؠ]] تہٕ [[سامبر (کھؠن)|سامبر]] سٟتؠ پیش یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Microbial Fermentations in Nature and as Designed Processes|publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|Wiley]]|year=2023|isbn=978-1-119-84999-5|editor-last=J. Hurst|editor-first=Christon|location=Hoboken|pages=342|language=en|chapter=Fermented Foods of South Asia|oclc=1393173167}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Davidson|first=Alan|title=The Oxford companion to food|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont0000davi_m3c8|publisher=[[Oxford Univ. Press]]|year=2014|isbn=978-0-19-967733-7|editor-last=Jaine|editor-first=Tom|edition=3. ed. / ed. by Tom Jaine|location=Oxford|pages=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont0000davi_m3c8/page/774 774]|chapter=Sri Lanka|oclc=903167481}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>ریٖما لاگوٗ</title>
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'''ریٖما لاگوٗ''' (پیدٲیش 21 جون 1958-18 مئی 2017) ٲس اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ تھیٹر تہٕ سکرین اداکأر یوٚسہٕ [[بٲلی وُڈ|ہندی]] تہٕ مرٲٹھہ سیٚنماہس مَنٛز پننہِ کامہِ خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ ٲس یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Indian Express&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Reema Lagoo dead after suffering cardiac arrest, she was 59|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/reema-lagoo-dead-after-cardiac-arrest-reema-lagoo-dead-4661509/|accessdate=18 May 2017|journal=The Indian Express|date=18 May 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Reema Lagoo: Iconic Theatre And Screen Actress Who Left Her Own Artistic Legacy|url=https://feminisminindia.com/2022/05/17/reema-lagoo-theatre-and-screen-actress-indianwomeninhistory/|journal=feminisminindia.com|date=17 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; أمہ کٕر پننہ اداکٲری ہنٛد کیریئر مرٲٹھہ تھیٹر مَنٛز شروٗع، ییٚمہ پتہٕ سۄ 1990 تہٕ 2000 کس دٔہلہ کس شروعاتس مَنٛز ماجہ ہنٛد کردار ادا کرنہٕ باپتھ اَکھ گھریلو ناو بنییہ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=23 September 2016|title=Game for negative shades|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Game-for-negative-shades/article14995487.ece|access-date=18 May 2017|website=The Hindu}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Game-for-negative-shades/article14995487.ece &quot;Game for negative shades&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; أمہ کٔر 90 کس دہلس مَنٛز کلاسک ٹی وی سیٹ کام ''شریمن شریمتی'' (بطور کوکیلا کلکرنی تہٕ ''تو تو مین مین'' (بطور دیویکی ورما) مَنٛز پننہ کردارٕ پتہٕ بٔڑس پیمانس پؠٹھ توجہ حٲصل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;The Times of India&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=7 August 2016|title=Shrimaan Shrimati star cast: Then and Now|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Shrimaan-Shrimati-star-cast-Then-and-Now/photostory/53584236.cms|access-date=18 May 2017|website=The Times of India}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Shrimaan-Shrimati-star-cast-Then-and-Now/photostory/53584236.cms &quot;Shrimaan Shrimati star cast: Then and Now&quot;]. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:2017 وَفات]]</text>
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'''سنجیٖو کپوٗر''' (10 اپریل 1964) اوس اَکھ مشہوٗر وازٕ (chef)، صنعت کار تہٕ ہِندوستٲنؠ ٹیلی وِجَن شخصیت۔ تٔمؠ کٔر زی ٹی وی یس پؠٹھ مشہوٗر ٹیلی وِجَن شو &quot;کھانا خزانا&quot; ہٕچ میزبٲنی۔ یہِ آو ایشیا کؠن 120 ملکن مَنٛز ہاونہٕ۔ 2010 مَنٛز آیہٕ یہٕ 500 ملین کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ ناظرینن تام ووتمُت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;post&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|author=Monica Bhide|title=India's chef to millions|work=[[தி வாசிங்டன் போஸ்ட்]]|date=24 February 2010|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/23/AR2010022301324.html|accessdate=24 January 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; سۄ ٲس ٹی وی کمپنی 24X7 پٹ اینڈ لائف سٹائلک اَکھ نوٚو ٹی وی کمپنی ''کٹ کٹ'' دنیاہچ گۄڑنچ وازٕ ۔ &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Sanjeev Kapoor's Food Channel in HD|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-12-20/people/28241632_1_astro-food-food-alyona-kapoor|work=[[தி டைம்ஸ் ஆஃப் இந்தியா]]|date=20 December 2010|accessdate=2021-02-19|archivedate=2013-06-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130614073324/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-12-20/people/28241632_1_astro-food-food-alyona-kapoor|deadurl=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ذٲتی زِندگی==
کٔپوٗرس چھُ اَلیونا کٔپوٗرس سٕتہِ [[خاندَر|خانٛدر]] کٔرِتھ، یۄسہٕ أمہِ سٕنٛدِس کارٕبارُک حِصہٕ تہِ چھےٚ، [[لیٚدٕر]] وِجن پرٛایویٹ لِمِٹِڈ turmeric vision private limited (ٹی وی پی ایل) مَنٛز۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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'''شُبھ دیٖپ سِنٛگھ سِدھوٗ''' (11 جون 1993-29 مئی 2022) یُس پیشورانہٕ طور '''سِدھوٗ موسے والا''' ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ چھ یوان اوس اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ [[گؠوُن|گلوکار]] تہٕ ریپر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=6 June 2020|title=Punjabi singer Sidhu Moose Wala caught driving with tinted windows, let off with a challan|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/punjabi-singer-sidhu-moose-wala-caught-driving-with-tinted-windows-let-off-with-a-challan/story-0pdjmiIK9n0fqXa9pQqqIK.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611045847/https://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/punjabi-singer-sidhu-moose-wala-caught-driving-with-tinted-windows-let-off-with-a-challan/story-0pdjmiIK9n0fqXa9pQqqIK.html|archive-date=11 June 2020|access-date=11 June 2020|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Scroll_4Jun2022&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Happy|first=Harinder|last2=Mogha|first2=Shivam|title=How Sidhu Moose Wala's celebration of rural life won him legions of fans in Punjab – and far beyond|url=https://scroll.in/article/1025431/how-sidhu-moose-walas-celebration-of-rural-life-won-him-legions-of-fans-in-punjab-and-far-beyond|accessdate=17 June 2022|journal=Scroll.in|date=4 June 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; {{Spaced ndash}} تٔمہ کٔر زیٛادٕ تر [[پَنٛجٲبؠ زَبان|پنجابی زبٲنہِ]] ہنٛز موٗسیٖقی تہٕ سیٚنماہس مَنٛز کٲم۔ موس والا چھ از تامک سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ اثر دار تہٕ کامیاب پنجابی ریپرزن مَنٛز اَکھ سمجھنہٕ یوان تہٕ واریہن لوکن خاطرٕ، اَتھ نسلس مَنٛز ہندوستان کیٛن عظیم گلوکارن مَنٛز چھ اَکھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Wilson|first=Brock|date=4 June 2022|title=Sidhu Moose Wala's musical legacy was being a voice for his culture|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/sidhu-moose-wala-music-industry-1.6476578|accessdate=4 June 2022|journal=[[CBC News]]}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFWilson2022&quot;&gt;Wilson, Brock (4 June 2022). [https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/sidhu-moose-wala-music-industry-1.6476578 &quot;Sidhu Moose Wala's musical legacy was being a voice for his culture&quot;]. ''[[CBC News]]''&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;4 June&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=31 May 2022|title=Sidhu Moose Wala: The murdered Indian rapper who 'made sense of chaos'|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-61629133|accessdate=4 June 2022|journal=BBC News}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-61629133 &quot;Sidhu Moose Wala: The murdered Indian rapper who 'made sense of chaos'&quot;]. ''BBC News''. 31 May 2022&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;4 June&lt;/span&gt; 2022&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Priyadharshini|first=Patwa|title=Celebrating Sidhu Moose Wala's legacy with his 7 songs through which the singer will live on forever|url=https://www.gqindia.com/entertainment/content/celebrating-sidhu-moose-walas-legacy-with-his-7-songs-through-which-the-singer-will-live-on-forever|journal=GQ}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPriyadharshini&quot;&gt;Priyadharshini, Patwa. [https://www.gqindia.com/entertainment/content/celebrating-sidhu-moose-walas-legacy-with-his-7-songs-through-which-the-singer-will-live-on-forever &quot;Celebrating Sidhu Moose Wala's legacy with his 7 songs through which the singer will live on forever&quot;]. ''GQ''.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=16 Top Sidhu Moose Wala Songs that Cement his Legacy|url=https://www.desiblitz.com/content/top-sidhu-moose-wala-songs-that-cement-his-legacy|journal=Desi Blitz|quote=Listen to the best Sidhu Moose Wala songs that show how truly innovative he was and how his legacy will be in place forever.}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://www.desiblitz.com/content/top-sidhu-moose-wala-songs-that-cement-his-legacy &quot;16 Top Sidhu Moose Wala Songs that Cement his Legacy&quot;]. ''Desi Blitz''. &lt;q&gt;Listen to the best Sidhu Moose Wala songs that show how truly innovative he was and how his legacy will be in place forever.&lt;/q&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=An exclusive evening with the parents of Sidhu Moosewala by BritAsia TV|url=https://britasia.tv/justice-for-sidhu-an-exclusive-evening-with-the-parents-of-sidhu-moosewala-by-britasia-tv/|journal=BritAsiaTV|quote=&quot; It was clear music had crossed all boundaries and was iconic within the mainstream industry.&quot;}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://britasia.tv/justice-for-sidhu-an-exclusive-evening-with-the-parents-of-sidhu-moosewala-by-britasia-tv/ &quot;An exclusive evening with the parents of Sidhu Moosewala by BritAsia TV&quot;]. ''BritAsiaTV''. &lt;q&gt; It was clear music had crossed all boundaries and was iconic within the mainstream industry.&lt;/q&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Arora|first=Kusum|title=Sidhu Moose Wala's Death Evokes Memories of the Tragic End of Amar Singh Chamkila|url=https://thewire.in/society/sidhu-moose-walas-death-evokes-memories-of-the-tragic-end-of-amar-singh-chamkila|journal=The Wire|quote=Both Moose Wala and Chamkila – which in Punjabi and Hindi means 'glistening' – had numerous similarities in terms of their music careers. Moose Wala and Chamkila both became iconic stars of Punjabi music, but both their journeys were short-lived.}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation news cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFArora&quot;&gt;Arora, Kusum. [https://thewire.in/society/sidhu-moose-walas-death-evokes-memories-of-the-tragic-end-of-amar-singh-chamkila &quot;Sidhu Moose Wala's Death Evokes Memories of the Tragic End of Amar Singh Chamkila&quot;]. ''The Wire''. &lt;q&gt;Both Moose Wala and Chamkila – which in Punjabi and Hindi means 'glistening' – had numerous similarities in terms of their music careers۔ Moose Wala and Chamkila both became iconic stars of Punjabi music, but both their journeys were short-lived.&lt;/q&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

2021 ہس مَنٛز کوٚر تٔمؠ موس ٹیپ جٲری، ییٚمؠ سٕنٛدؠ ٹریک ''بل بورڈ'' گلوبل 200 ''بل بورڈ'' گلوبل ایکسکل۔  سٟتؠ عالمی سطحس پیٚٹھ چارٹ کٔرؠ۔ امریکہ کینیڈین ہاٹ 100 یوکے ایشین، تہٕ نیوزی لینڈ ہاٹ چارٹس۔ أمس چھ بل بورڈ انڈیا سونگس چارٹس پؠٹھ ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ نمبر ون سنگلز۔ یہِ بنیوو [[سپاٹفاے|سپاٹفایی]] یس پؠٹھ 1 ارب کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ سٹریم کرن وول گۄڑنیک ہندوستٲنؠ البم۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Sidhu Moosewala's 'Moosetape' Makes History As The First Indian Album To Surpass 1 Billion Streams On Spotify|url=https://www.5dariyanews.com/news/426551-Sidhu-Moosewalas-Moosetape-Makes-History-As-The-First-Indian-Album-To-Surpass-1-Billion-Streams-O|accessdate=14 December 2023|journal=5 Dariya News|date=30 November 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

2021 ہس مَنٛز کٔر موسی والاہن [[ہِندوستٲنؠ قومی کانٛگرٛیس|انڈین نیشنل کانگریس]] (INC) سیٲسی پارٹی مَنٛز شمولیت اختیار تہٕ منسا خٲطرٕ لڑایہ 2022 پنجاب قانون ساز اسمبلی ہنٛد الیکشن ناکام پٲٹھؠ۔

سہ آو 29 مئی 2022 نامعلوم حملہ آورن گولہٕ لگٲوتھ مارنہٕ۔ کینیڈاہس مَنٛز مقیم گولڈی برار ناوُک گینگسٹر تہٕ [[لارینٛس بِشنوئی]] گینٛگ کس أکؠ ممبرن دِژ اَمہِ قتلٕچ ذمہٕ دٲری قبوٗل، یُس زن پُلیسن وۆن ز بین گینگ دشمنیک نتیجہٕ اوس۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Sidhu Moosewala killing—The story so far|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/moosewala-killing-%E2%80%94-the-story-so-far-409806|accessdate=6 July 2022|journal=Tribuneindia News Service|date=6 July 2022|archivedate=6 July 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706005227/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/moosewala-killing-%E2%80%94-the-story-so-far-409806}}&lt;/ref&gt; 23 جون 2022 آو تمہ سٕنٛز گۄڈنچہ مرنہٕ پتہٕ وٲلہ وٲحد، &quot;ایس۔ وای۔ ایل۔&quot; جٲری کرنہٕ۔

موسے والا سٕنٛدؠ بٲتھ تہٕ بندوقٕک ثقافت تہٕ تشددس فروغ دنہٕ وٲلؠ موضوٗعات ٲس ہندوستانس مَنٛز اکثر متنازعہ پٲٹھؠ ؤچھنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ReferenceA&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Chhina|first=Man Aman Singh|date=31 December 2020|title=Two Punjabs sing in farmers' support — one for brotherhood, other with visuals of Bhindranwale|journal=The Indian Express|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/2-punjabs-sing-in-farmers-support-one-for-brotherhood-other-with-visuals-of-bhindranwale-7127099/|accessdate=14 March 2022|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314180910/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/2-punjabs-sing-in-farmers-support-one-for-brotherhood-other-with-visuals-of-bhindranwale-7127099/|archivedate=14 March 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; اَمہِ پتہٕ پیوٚو تٔمس بندوقٕک ثقافتٕچ حمایت تہٕ پنٛنیٚن اشتعال انگیز بولن ہٕنٛد وجہ سٟتؠ قونوٗنی چیلنجن ہنٛد سامنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;indianexpress.com&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=5 August 2020|title=Sidhu Moosewala: The Punjab Police poster boy who turned into controversy's child|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/sidhu-moosewala-the-punjab-police-poster-boy-who-turned-into-controversys-child-6537892/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530135104/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/sidhu-moosewala-the-punjab-police-poster-boy-who-turned-into-controversys-child-6537892/|archive-date=30 May 2022|access-date=30 May 2021}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;[https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/sidhu-moosewala-the-punjab-police-poster-boy-who-turned-into-controversys-child-6537892/ &quot;Sidhu Moosewala: The Punjab Police poster boy who turned into controversy's child&quot;]. 5 August 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220530135104/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/sidhu-moosewala-the-punjab-police-poster-boy-who-turned-into-controversys-child-6537892/ Archived] from the original on 30 May 2022&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;30 May&lt;/span&gt; 2021&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==


[[زٲژ:2022 وَفات]]
[[زٲژ:1993 پٲدٲیِش]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="3131" sha1="t4e73tfnyp6n4ilsg89usujsjb0lbw1" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox deity|type=Hindu|festivals=[[زَرمِ ستَم]]}}

'''کرِٛشنا''' یا '''کرِٛشُن''' &lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Grierson|first=George Abraham|date=1932|title=A dictionary of the Kashmiri language|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/grierson_query.py?qs=krushn&amp;searchhws=yes&amp;matchtype=exact|access-date=2025-12-12|website=dsal.uchicago.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt;({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|r|ɪ|ʃ|n|ə}} [[سَنَسکرٕٛت زَبان|سنسکرت]]: कृष्ण :Kṛṣṇa) {{IPA|sa|ˈkr̩ʂɳɐ|lang|audio=Krishna.ogg}}سنسکرت: [ˈkr̩ʂɳɐ] چھ [[ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم]] اَکھ اہم دیوتا۔  أمس چھ [[وؠشنوٗ]] سنٛد ٲٹھم اوتار تہٕ پنٛنِس پانس مَنٛز اعلٰی دیوتا سٕنٛد پٲٹھؠ تہٕ پوٗزا یوان کرنہٕ۔ سہ چھ حفاظت، ہمدردی، نرمی تہٕ محبتک دیوتا تہٕ ہیند دیوتاہن مَنٛز چھ بھڑس پیمانس پؠٹھ احترام یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Scharfstein1993p166&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ben-Ami Scharfstein|url=https://archive.org/details/ineffabilityfail0000scha|title=Ineffability: The Failure of Words in Philosophy and Religion|publisher=State University of New York Press|year=1993|isbn=978-0-7914-1347-0|page=[https://archive.org/details/ineffabilityfail0000scha/page/166 166]|url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Bryant|Ekstrand|2004|pp=20–25, quote: &quot;Three Dimensions of Krishna's Divinity (...) divine majesty and supremacy; (...) divine tenderness and intimacy; (...) compassion and protection.; (..., p. 24) Krishna as the God of Love&quot;}}&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Freda Matchett|title=Krishna, Lord Or Avatara?|url=https://archive.org/details/krsnalordoravata0000matc|date=2001|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-0-7007-1281-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/krsnalordoravata0000matc/page/199 199]}}&lt;/ref&gt; کِرٛشنا سنٛد زایہٕ دۄہ چھُ پریتھ وأری ہندوو ہنٛد طرفہٕ [[زَرمِ ستَم|کرشنا جنم اشٹمی]] یس چاند شمسی ہندو کیلنڈر مطٲبق مناونہٕ یوان، یس [[گریگورین کیلنڈر]] کس اَگَست کس ٲخرس یا سَتَمبَر کس شروعاتس مَنٛز چھ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Krishna|url=https://www.worldhistory.org/Krishna/#:~:text=One%20day%20Vishnu%2C%20the%20great,his%20earthly%20father%20being%20Vasudeva.|website=World History Encyclopedia}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=26 May 2022|title=Krishna Janmashtami|url=https://www.iskconbangalore.org/sri-krishna-janmashtami|website=International Society for Krishna Consciousness}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Lochtefeld2002p314&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=James G. Lochtefeld|url=https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000loch|title=The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M|publisher=The Rosen Publishing Group|year=2002|isbn=978-0-8239-3179-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000loch/page/n436 314]–315|url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم]]</text>
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        <id>8158</id>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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| symbols = {{hlist|[[:en:Veena|وین]]|کتابہٕ|تسبیٖح|سفید پمپوش}}
| script_name = دیوناگری
| script = सरस्वती
| Sanskrit_transliteration = Sarasvatī
| equivalent1 = [[آنَہیتا]]|spouse=[[برٛہما]] (کینٛہَن [[پُران]]ن مُطٲبِق)|equivalent1_type=فارسی|member_of=[[ترٛی دیوی]]}}

'''شاردا''' یا '''سَرَسوَتی''' ([[سَنَسکرٕٛت زَبان|سنسکرت]] :सरस्वती  : Sarasvati) چھ [[ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم]] اہم دیوی، علم، تٲلیٖم، ہیٚچھُن، فن، تقریر، شٲیری، بٲتھ، پاکیزگی، زَبان تہٕ ثقافتٕچ دیوی۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Kinsley1988&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kinsley|first=David|url=https://archive.org/details/hindugoddessesvi0000kins/page/55|title=Hindu Goddesses: Vision of the divine feminine in the Hindu religious traditions|publisher=University of California Press|year=1988|isbn=0-520063392|pages=[https://archive.org/details/hindugoddessesvi0000kins/page/55 55–64]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=12 August 2024|title=Sarasvati {{!}} Definition, Depictions, Worship, &amp; River {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sarasvati|access-date=20 September 2024|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; دیوی [[لَکشمی]] تہٕ [[پاروَتی]] سٟتؠ ملتھ چھ سۄ اہم دیویٚن ہٕنٛز ترٛییُت بناوان، یمن [[ترٛی دیوی]] ونان چھِ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Encyclopaedia of Hinduism|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_1XiqW-8dhdEC|publisher=Sarup &amp; Sons|year=1999|isbn=978-81-7625-064-1|page=1214}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Female Hindu deities – the Tridevi – Nature of Ultimate Reality in Hinduism – GCSE Religious Studies Revision – Edexcel|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zrf6pbk/revision/5|access-date=23 March 2022|publisher=BBC Bitesize}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt; سَرَسوَتی چھِ اَکھ پوٗرٕ ہِندوستٲنؠ دیوتا، یوٚس نہٕ صرف ہندوٗمتس مَنٛز بلکہ [[جین مَت|جین مت]] تہٕ [[بُدھ مَت]] مَنٛز تہٕ پوٗزا یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BMA&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=http://artsbma.org|title=Guide to the collection|publisher=[[Birmingham Museum of Art]]|year=2010|isbn=978-1-904832-77-5|series=Birmingham Museum of Art|location=[[Birmingham, Alabama]]|page=55|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980514044647/http://www.artsbma.org/|archive-date=14 May 1998|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

سۄ چھےٚ ویدک روایت (1500 پیٚٹھٕ 500 قبل مسیح) ہٕچ اہم دیوی منٛزٕ اَکھ یۄس پتہٕ ہندومتس مَنٛز پنٕنؠ اہمیت برقرار تھاوان چھےٚ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Kinsley1988&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kinsley|first=David|url=https://archive.org/details/hindugoddessesvi0000kins/page/55|title=Hindu Goddesses: Vision of the divine feminine in the Hindu religious traditions|publisher=University of California Press|year=1988|isbn=0-520063392|pages=[https://archive.org/details/hindugoddessesvi0000kins/page/55 55–64]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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چینی ثقافت کیٛن افسانو تہٕ لوٗکھ مذہب مَنٛز، '''جیڈ شہنشاہ''' یا '''یودی''' چھِ قدیم دیوتاہن ہنٛز نمائندگی مَنٛز اَکھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Forty|first=Jo|title=Mythology: A Visual Encyclopedia|url=https://archive.org/details/mythologyvisuale0000fort|publisher=Barnes &amp; Noble Books|year=2004|isbn=0-7607-5518-3|location=London|pages=226}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:دیوی دیوتا]]</text>
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'''تاکامِمُسُبی'''  (&quot;ہائی جنریٹو فورس&quot;) چھ [[جاپان|جاپأنؠ]] افسانس مَنٛز اَکھ بناون وول دیوتا، یُس وجوٗدَس مَنٛز ینہٕ وٲل گۄڈنیُک جاندارن مَنٛز اوس دۆیم۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Leeming|first=David|title=The Oxford Companion to World Mythology|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont0000leem|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2006|isbn=9780195156690}}&lt;/ref&gt;  {{Page needed}}

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:دیوی دیوتا]]</text>
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Oṁ Indrarājāya Vidmahe Mahā Indrāya Dhīmahi Tanno Indraḥ Pracodayāt|greek_equivalent=[[زیٛوٗس]]|day=[[آتھوار]]}}

'''یٔندرٕ  یا اِنٛدرا''' ([[سَنَسکرٕٛت زَبان|سنسکرت]]{{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɪ|n|d|r|ə}}:इन्द्र ) چھ [[موٗسِم|موسمک]] ہندوٗ دیوتا یُس [[ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم]] مَنٛز دیوایس تہٕ [[سۄرگ (ہؠنٛدؠ)|سۄرگ]] ہنٛد بادشاہ چھ ماننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Bauer|first=Susan Wise|title=The History of the Ancient World: From the Earliest Accounts to the Fall of Rome|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofancient00baue|publisher=[[W. W. Norton]]|year=2007|isbn=978-0-393-05974-8|edition=1st|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofancient00baue/page/265 265]|author-link=Susan Wise Bauer}}&lt;/ref&gt;  سہ چھ [[نَب|آسمان]]، [[وۆزمَل]]، [[موٗسِم|موسم]]، [[گگرارَے]]، [[طوٗفان|طوفانن]]، [[بٲرِش]]، [[دٔرؠ یاو]] کس بہاوس تہٕ [[جَنٛگ|جنگس]] سٟتؠ وابستہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Gopal|first=Madan|url=https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada|title=India Through the Ages|publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India|year=1990|page=[https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/66 66]|via=Internet Archive}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;urlWar and Religion: An Encyclopedia of Faith and Conflict [3 volumes] - Google Książki&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Shaw|first=Jeffrey M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KDlFDgAAQBAJ&amp;q=Indra+god+war&amp;pg=PA380|title=War and Religion: An encyclopedia of faith and conflict|last2=Demy|first2=Timothy J.|date=27 March 2017|isbn=978-1-61069-517-6|series=Google Książki}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Perry|first=Edward Delavan|year=1885|title=Indra in the Rig-Veda|journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society|volume=11|issue=1885|page=121|doi=10.2307/592191|jstor=592191}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Berry1996p20&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Berry, Thomas|url=https://archive.org/details/religionsofindia00berr|title=Religions of India: Hinduism, Yoga, Buddhism|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=1996|isbn=978-0-231-10781-5|pages=[https://archive.org/details/religionsofindia00berr/page/20 20]–21|url-access=registration}}&lt;/ref&gt;

اندرا چھ ''[[رِگ وید]]'' سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ ذکر شدٕ دیوتا۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Gonda1989p3&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Gonda, Jan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KtcUAAAAIAAJ|title=The Indra Hymns of the Ṛgveda|publisher=Brill Archive|year=1989|isbn=90-04-09139-4|page=3|author-link=Jan Gonda}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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| name                 = سکوئیزی
| image                = Squeezie Zack en Roue Libre 2025.png
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| caption              = 2025 منٛز سکوئیزی
| birth_name           = لُکاس ایڈرین ہاؤچارڈ
| birth_date           = {{Birth date and age|1996|1|27|df=yes}}
| birth_place          = {{ا|Vitry-sur-Seine}} ، {{A|France}}
| occupation           = {{A|YouTuber}}
| website              = 
| channel_handle       = سکوئیزی
| years_active         = 2011–از کال
| genre                = {{Flatlist|
* ویٖڈیو گیم لیٹس پلے
* مسخری
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'''لُکاس ایڈرین ہاؤچارڈ''' ([[فرانسیٖسی زَبان|فرانسیسی]] تلفظ: [lyka oʃaʁ]؛ زامُت 27 جَنؤری 1996)، یُس پیشہٕ ورانہٕ طور '''سکوئیزی''' کہِ ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ چھُ یِوان، چھُ اَکھ [[فرٛانٛس|فرانسیسی]] [[یوٗٹیٛوٗبر|یوٹیوبر]]۔ سہٕ چھ [[تِبو اِن شیپ]] پتہٕ 19.6 ملین کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ سبسکرائبرز تہٕ 11 بلین ویوزن سٟتؠ [[فرانسیٖسی زَبان|فرانسیسی]] بولن وول دۆیمہٕ سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ سبسکرائب گژھن وول یوٹیوٗبر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=6 November 2014|title=Squeezie: l'usine à clics (et à fric) du Français le plus vu, son frère Charlie Arel et aussi son meilleur ami YouTube|url=http://lexpansion.lexpress.fr/high-tech/l-usine-a-clics-et-a-fric-de-squeezie-le-francais-le-plus-vu-sur-youtube_1619115.html|access-date=November 6, 2014|publisher=lexpress.fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <text bytes="4212" sha1="3d4qlw7xo76b4l482tmkxy6l7mtj8mf" xml:space="preserve">{{معلوٗمات مذہبی سوانح|name=سائی بابا|image=Shirdi Sai Baba 3.jpg|alt=Sai Baba|caption=سائی بابا (1903 لگ بگ دوارکامائی منٛز دھونی نزدیٖک بِہِتھ)|death_date={{Death date |df=yes|1918|10|15||}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Shirdi Sai Baba's 97th death anniversary: The one who was revered by all|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/sai-baba/1/499307.html|access-date=19 November 2017|work=India Today|date=15 October 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170531174518/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/sai-baba/1/499307.html|archive-date=31 May 2017|archivedate=31 May 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170531174518/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/sai-baba/1/499307.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;|death_place=[[شِرڈی]], بمبئی پریذیڈنسی، [[بَرطٲنوی ہِند]] &lt;br/&gt;(موجودٕ [[احمد نگر ضِلہٕ]]، {{ا|Maharashtra}}، [[ہِندوستان]])|resting_place=سمادھی مندر, [[شِرڈی]]|nationality=ہِندوستٲنؠ|website={{url|https://sai.org.in/}}|temple=سائی بابا سٕنٛز سمادھی مندر، شِرڈی|religion=|birth_date={{circa|1838}}}}
'''شِرڈی ہُنٛد سائی بابا''' ( 1838-15 اکتوبر 1918، یس '''شِرڈی سائی بابا''' کہ ناوٕ سٟتؠ تہٕ زاننہٕ چھ یوان، اوس اَکھ [[ہیٚنٛدؠ]] روحٲنی وۄستاد یس اَکھ سنت چھ ماننہٕ یوان، تہٕ پننہٕ زندگی دوران تہٕ پتہٕ [[ہیٚنٛدؠ|ہیٚن]] تہٕ [[مُسلمان|مسلمان]] دۄشونی عقیدت مندن ہنٛد طرفہٕ اوس احترام کرنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shirdi-Sai-Baba|title=The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica|year=2021|quote=&quot;Shirdi Sai Baba, also called Sai Baba of Shirdi, (born 1838?—died October 15, 1918), spiritual leader dear to Hindu and Muslim devotees throughout India and in diaspora communities as far flung as the United States and the Caribbean. The name Sai Baba comes from sai, a Persian word used by Muslims to denote a holy person, and baba, Hindi for father.&quot;}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kamath|first=M.V.|title=Sai Baba of Shirdi: A Unique Saint|url=https://archive.org/details/saibabaofshirdiu0000kama|last2=Kher|first2=V.B.|date=1991|publisher=Jaico Publishing House|isbn=8172240309}}&lt;/ref&gt;

پننہ زندگی ہندین بیانو مطٲبق کٕر سائی باباہن &quot;پانس سمجھن&quot; ہنز اہمیتٕچ تبلیغ تہٕ &quot;خراب گژھن واجنیٚن چیزن سٕتہ محبتس&quot; پؠٹھ تَنقیٖد۔ تہنٛزٕ تعلیمات ٲس محبت، معافی، باقین ہنٛز مدد، خیرات، اطمینان، اۆنٛدروٗنی امن، تہٕ [[دَے]] تہٕ گور سٟتؠ عقیدت کس اخلأقی ضابطس پؠٹھ مرکوز۔

سائی بابا ہن کٔر مذہب یا ذات پات کہ بنیادس پؠٹھ تفریقٕچ مذمت۔ أمس ٲسؠ دۄشوٕے ہیٚنٛدؠ تہٕ مُسلمان پیروکار، تہٕ ییٚلہ أمؠ پنٛنیٚن مذہبی وابستگی پیٚٹھ زور دیت، أمؠ کوٚر أکس سٟتؠ پانس پہچان کرنہٕ نش انکار، بیٚیہ أکس سٟتؠ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Rigopoulos1993&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Rigopoulos|first=Antonio|title=The Life and Teachings of Sai Baba of Shirdi|publisher=[[State University of New York Press|SUNY]]|year=1993|isbn=0791412687}}&lt;/ref&gt; تٔمؠ سٕنٛز تعلیمات چھِ ہؠندؠ مذہب تہٕ اِسلام دۄشوٕنی عناصرن ہُنٛد مِلہٕ۔ تمہِ دِیوُت مسجِدِ ہیٚندِ دوارکامائی ناو ۔ تٔمؠ کٔر ہیٚنٛدؠ تہٕ مُسلمان دۄشوَے رسم پنہِ زِندگی مَنٛز۔ ٲخٕر کار کٔر تٔمؠ سَمادھی شِرڈی یَس مَنٛز حٲصِل۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدؠن مشہوٗر پٲغامَن مَنٛز ٲسؠ [[اللہ]] مٲلِک تہٕ سارنی ہُنٛد مٲلِک چھُ اَکھ۔

==حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="4239" sha1="0apxts7ajh0pwsz755l8ai1qumvwoxa" xml:space="preserve">{{معلوٗمات مذہبی سوانح|name=سائی بابا|image=Shirdi Sai Baba 3.jpg|alt=Sai Baba|caption=سائی بابا (1903 لگ بگ دوارکامائی منٛز دھونی نزدیٖک بِہِتھ)|death_date={{Death date |df=yes|1918|10|15||}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Shirdi Sai Baba's 97th death anniversary: The one who was revered by all|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/sai-baba/1/499307.html|access-date=19 November 2017|work=India Today|date=15 October 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170531174518/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/sai-baba/1/499307.html|archive-date=31 May 2017|archivedate=31 May 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170531174518/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/sai-baba/1/499307.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;|death_place=[[شِرڈی]], بمبئی پریذیڈنسی، [[بَرطٲنوی ہِند]] &lt;br/&gt;(موجودٕ [[احمد نگر ضِلہٕ]]، {{ا|Maharashtra}}، [[ہِندوستان]])|resting_place=سمادھی مندر, [[شِرڈی]]|nationality=ہِندوستٲنؠ|website={{url|https://sai.org.in/}}|temple=سائی بابا سٕنٛز سمادھی مندر، شِرڈی|religion=|birth_date={{circa|1838}}}}
'''شِرڈی ہُنٛد سائی بابا''' ( 1838-15 اکتوبر 1918، یس '''شِرڈی سائی بابا''' کہ ناوٕ سٟتؠ تہٕ زاننہٕ چھ یوان، اوس اَکھ [[ہیٚنٛدؠ]] روحٲنی وۄستاد یس اَکھ سنت چھ ماننہٕ یوان، تہٕ پننہٕ زندگی دوران تہٕ پتہٕ [[ہیٚنٛدؠ|ہیٚن]] تہٕ [[مُسلمان|مسلمان]] دۄشونی عقیدت مندن ہنٛد طرفہٕ اوس احترام کرنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shirdi-Sai-Baba|title=The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica|publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica|year=2021|quote=&quot;Shirdi Sai Baba, also called Sai Baba of Shirdi, (born 1838?—died October 15, 1918), spiritual leader dear to Hindu and Muslim devotees throughout India and in diaspora communities as far flung as the United States and the Caribbean. The name Sai Baba comes from sai, a Persian word used by Muslims to denote a holy person, and baba, Hindi for father.&quot;}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kamath|first=M.V.|title=Sai Baba of Shirdi: A Unique Saint|url=https://archive.org/details/saibabaofshirdiu0000kama|last2=Kher|first2=V.B.|date=1991|publisher=Jaico Publishing House|isbn=8172240309}}&lt;/ref&gt;

پننہ زندگی ہندین بیانو مطٲبق کٕر سائی باباہن &quot;پانس سمجھن&quot; ہنز اہمیتٕچ تبلیغ تہٕ &quot;خراب گژھن واجنیٚن چیزن سٕتہ محبتس&quot; پؠٹھ تَنقیٖد۔ تہنٛزٕ تعلیمات ٲس محبت، معافی، باقین ہنٛز مدد، خیرات، اطمینان، اۆنٛدروٗنی امن، تہٕ [[دَے]] تہٕ گور سٟتؠ عقیدت کس اخلأقی ضابطس پؠٹھ مرکوز۔

سائی بابا ہن کٔر مذہب یا ذات پات کہ بنیادس پؠٹھ تفریقٕچ مذمت۔ أمس ٲسؠ دۄشوٕے ہیٚنٛدؠ تہٕ مُسلمان پیروکار، تہٕ ییٚلہ أمؠ پنٛنیٚن مذہبی وابستگی پیٚٹھ زور دیت، أمؠ کوٚر أکس سٟتؠ پانس پہچان کرنہٕ نش انکار، بیٚیہ أکس سٟتؠ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Rigopoulos1993&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Rigopoulos|first=Antonio|title=The Life and Teachings of Sai Baba of Shirdi|publisher=[[State University of New York Press|SUNY]]|year=1993|isbn=0791412687}}&lt;/ref&gt; تٔمؠ سٕنٛز تعلیمات چھِ ہؠندؠ مذہب تہٕ اِسلام دۄشوٕنی عناصرن ہُنٛد مِلہٕ۔ تمہِ دِیوُت مسجِدِ ہیٚندِ دوارکامائی ناو ۔ تٔمؠ کٔر ہیٚنٛدؠ تہٕ مُسلمان دۄشوَے رسم پنہِ زِندگی مَنٛز۔ ٲخٕر کار کٔر تٔمؠ سَمادھی شِرڈی یَس مَنٛز حٲصِل۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدؠن مشہوٗر پٲغامَن مَنٛز ٲسؠ [[اللہ]] مٲلِک تہٕ سارنی ہُنٛد مٲلِک چھُ اَکھ۔

==حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:1918 وَفات]]</text>
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  <page>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="1082" sha1="jitae8ts2ti8eh68e8tx76tgvi4r3jt" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ}}
'''سومانَنٛد''' یا'''سومانندا''' اوس ترٛائمباکا کس نسبس مَنٛز، [[کٲشِرؠ شِیٛومت|کٲشِرؠ شِیٛومتُک]] معلمن مَنٛز اَکھ، تہٕ امہٕ مکتبک گۄڈنُیٛک فلسفیانہٕ مقالہک مُصنف (شیوادریش) ۔ [[بھٹ کلاٹ|بھٹہ کلاٹا]] سُنٛد ہم عصر، یم زٕ ٲس گوڑنچ کٲشِرؠ شٕوو یمو غٲر دوہری شو متُک تصورات سخت تہٕ منطقی اندازس مَنٛز پیش کٔر۔ سومانَنٛد روٗد أکس گرٕ گرؠ پٲٹھؠ [[کٔشیٖر]] مَنٛز-میکِن [[سِریٖنَگَر|سِرینگرس]] مَنٛز، ییٚتہ اَمہِ پَتٕکؠ زیٛادٕ تر فلاسفر روزان ٲسؠ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;B.N۔ Pandit p۔ 27&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;B.N۔ Pandit p۔ 18&quot;&gt;The Mirror of Self-Supremacy or Svatantrya-Darpana - B.N۔ Pandit, p۔ 18&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ پنٛڈِت]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ لِکھٲرؠ]]</text>
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      <comment>باٹ چھُ غَلطی ٹھیٖکھ کَران [[وِکیٖپیٖڈیا:AutoWikiBrowser/Typos|غَلطی فِہرِست مُطٲبِق]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="2622" sha1="hwzaezmd8vd1kkkd6bo4ctgxw5sv85y" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ}}
'''زرتشتیت'''، '''زرتشتی مذہب'''، یا '''مزدیسنا''' یَتھ '''بھدین''' تہٕ ونان چھِ ([[اَوَستٲیی زَبان|اَوَستٲیی]]:𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬯𐬥𐬀‎) چھُ اَکھ قدیٖم [[ایٖران|ایرانی]] مذہب یُس زرتشت کس تعلیماتس پؠٹھ مرکوز چھُ، یَتھ زرتشت تہٕ اوستا تہٕ ونان چھِ۔ یہٕ چھُ دُنؠ‌یاہک قدیم ترین [[توحیٖد|توحیٖدی]] مذہبن مَنٛز اَکھ، یُس تَقریٖبَن 3,500 وٕریو برونٛہہ قدیم فارس مَنٛز شۆروٗع گوٚو۔ زرتشتی مذہبٕچ خصوٗصیت چھِ امچ دوہری (Dualism) کاینٲتی خصوٗصیت، یَتھ مَنٛز اچھٲیی تہٕ برٲیی درمیان ابدی تنازعس پؠٹھ زور چھُ دینہٕ، یمچ نمایندگی [[اہورا مزدا]] (ذٔہیٖن خۄدا) تہٕ [[انٛگرا مینیو]] (تباہ کُن روٗح) چھِ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Avesta {{!}} Definition, Contents, &amp; Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Avesta-Zoroastrian-scripture |access-date=6 July 2024 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==اِبتدا تہٕ تَوٲریٖخ ==

خیال چھُ یوان کرنہٕ زِ زرتشتی متچ ابتدا ٲس دیمہٕ صدی قبل مسیح دوران [[مَرکَزی ایشیا|مَرکَزی ایشیاہس]] مَنٛز گٲمٕژ ۔ یہٕ بنیو قدیم فارسس مَنٛز اخامنید، پارتھین تہٕ ساسانی سلطنتن ہنٛد غلبہٕ مذہب۔

==بُنیٲدی پَژھ==
===توحیٖد تہٕ دوہری ازم===

ییلہٕ زَن زرتشتی مذہب چھُ اَکھ توحیدی مذہب سمجھنہٕ یوان یَتھ مَنٛز اہورا مزدا اعلیٰ خالق چھُ، مگر اَتھ مَنٛز چھُ اَکھ دوہری عالمی نظریہٕ تہٕ شٲمل یتہٕ اچھٲیی تہٕ بدی بلن لگاتار ٹکرار مَنٛز چھِ۔

===آزاد مرضی تہٕ انفرادی فٲصلہٕ===
زرتشتی چھ پننہٕ اعمالن خٲطرٕ آزاد مرضی تہٕ انفرادی جوابدٲری پؠٹھ یقین تھاوان، یُس آخرتس مَنٛز یمن ہنٛد تقدیرُک تعین چھُ کران۔

==نارٕچ اہمیت==

نار چھُ زرتشتی مذہبس مَنٛز پاکیزگی، گاشِچ تہٕ [[دَے]] سٕنٛز حکمتٕچ اَکھ مقدس علامت سمجھان۔

==حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:مَذہَب]]</text>
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    <title>اَہُرا مَزدا</title>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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| type = Zoroastrian
| deity_of = اَہُرا مَزدا &lt;br /&gt; حکمت ہُنٛد دَے &lt;br /&gt; آسمانُک دیوتا
| image = [[File:Irnp105-Grobowce Naqsh-E Rustam (cropped).jpg|300px]]
| other_names = اہُرا، اورمزد، ہرمزد، ہرمز
| script_name = [[اَوَستٲئی زَبان]]
| script = Ahura Mazdā 𐬀𐬵𐬎𐬭𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬛𐬁
| gender = مرٕد
| planet = {{ا|Jupiter}}
| enemy = [[اہریمن]]
| symbol = گاش، اچھائی
| day = ایٖرانی کیلنڈر کِس منٛز پرؠتھ رؠتہٕ کس 1 پؠٹھ، [[بریسہٕ وار]] پرؠتھ ہفتہٕ
| festivals = [[نوروز]]
| parents = 
| spouse = [[سپنتا آرمیتی]]
}}

'''اَہُرا مَزدا''' ({{IPAc-en|ə|ˌ|h|ʊər|ə|_|ˈ|m|æ|z|d|ə}} 𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬛𐬁:  Ahura Mazdā] [[فارسی زَبان|فارسی]]: اہورا مزدا، یا {{Lang|fa|ارمزد}} اورمازد چھ '''ہارومازز''' کہ ناوٕ سٟتؠ تہٕ زاننہٕ یوان چھ [[زرتشیت|زوراسٹریزمس]] مَنٛز آسمانُک اصل [[دَے]] تہٕ دیوتا ماننہٕ یِوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Ahura Mazda &amp;#124; Definition of Ahura Mazda by Merriam-Webster|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ahura%20mazda|access-date=2016-01-11|publisher=Merriam-webster.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Cristian|first=Radu|title=Ahura Mazda|url=https://www.worldhistory.org/Ahura_Mazda/|access-date=2023-05-17|website=World History Encyclopedia|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Wilkinson|first=Philip|title=Illustrated Dictionary of Religions|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780789455390|publisher=[[DK (publisher)|DK]]|year=1999|isbn=0-7894-4711-8|editor-last=Spilling|editor-first=Michael|edition=First American|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780789455390/page/70 70]|author-link=Philip Wilkinson (author)|editor-last2=Williams|editor-first2=Sophie|editor-last3=Dent|editor-first3=Marion}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;g386&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Choksy|first=Jamsheed K.|date=2003|title=Hagiography and Monotheism in History: Doctrinal encounters between Zoroastrianism, Judaism and Christianity 1|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0959641032000127560|journal=Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations|volume=14|issue=4|pages=407–421|doi=10.1080/0959641032000127560|issn=0959-6410|url-access=subscription|access-date=29 July 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;q930&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hintze|first=Almut|date=2014|title=Monotheism the Zoroastrian Way|url=https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/18346/1/078%202014%20JRAS%2024%20225-249%20Monotheism.pdf|journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain &amp; Ireland|volume=24|issue=2|pages=225–249|doi=10.1017/S1356186313000333|issn=0035-869X|access-date=29 July 2025|doi-access=free|archive-date=10 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250310001839/https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/18346/1/078%202014%20JRAS%2024%20225-249%20Monotheism.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  سہ چھ ''[[یسنا]]'' ہس مَنٛز گۄڑنیک تہٕ اکثر اِستِمال گژھن وول روٗح۔ اہُرا تہٕ مزدا لفظن ہنٛد لفظی معنی چھ بالترتیب &quot; مالک&quot;  تہٕ &quot; حکمت &quot;۔

احورا مزدا ہچ گوڑنچ قابل ذکر دعا اچیمینیڈ دورس ({{Circa|550–330 BC}} ) دوران دارا اعظم کس بہسٹن نوشتہ سٟتؠ گیہٕ۔ آرٹیکسیرکسس II ({{Circa|405/404–358 BC}} ) کہ دور حکومتس تام ٲس اہُرا مزداچ پوٗزا یوان کرنہٕ تہٕ تمام موجودٕ شاہی نُسخہٕ جاتس مَنٛز ٲس اَکیلہٕ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ۔

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:زرتشیت]]
[[زٲژ:دیوی دیوتا]]</text>
      <sha1>992lz8c2zkzml64bc0221bfgr8lq701</sha1>
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    <title>یریوان</title>
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      <parentid>114733</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-03T21:51:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>8158</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
      <origin>147452</origin>
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      <text bytes="1278" sha1="61c6sdji9k2cc7w4j8g0czqb0yq3coi" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement/Wikidata|settlement_type=[[آرمینیا|آرمینیاہٕچ]]  [[رازدٲنؠ]]}} 
یریوان یَتھ ایریوان پٲٹھؠ تہٕ لؠکھنہٕ یِوان، چھِ آرمینیاہٕچ رازدٲنؠ تہٕ ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ بوٚڑ شَہَر، سٟتؠ سٟتؠ دنیاہک قدیم ترین مسلسل آباد شہرن مَنٛز اَکھ۔ [[ہرازدان دٔرؠ یاو]] سٟتؠ واقعہٕ، یریوان چھِ امکہِ قدیٖم شَہَر کس طورس پیٚٹھ مُلکُک اِنتظامی، ثقافتی تہٕ صنعتی مرکز۔ 
یریوانٕچ تَوٲریٖخ چھےٚ 8ہمہِ صدی قبل مسیحٕچ، 782 قبل مسیح مَنٛز ارارتو بادشاہ ارگشٹی اولن ارارتک مٲدان کس مغربی انتہاہس مَنٛز ایربونی قلعٕچ بنیاد تھونہٕ سٟتؠ شۆروٗع گٲمٕژ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Katsenelinboĭgen|first=Aron|title=The Soviet Union: Empire, Nation and Systems|url=https://archive.org/details/sovietunionempir0000kats|publisher=[[Transaction Publishers]]|year=1990|isbn=0-88738-332-7|location=New Brunswick|page=[https://archive.org/details/sovietunionempir0000kats/page/143 143]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>گۄشتابہٕ</title>
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      <text bytes="2764" sha1="0d15i0yeed7a09wlxoz1kojwk30dmxq" xml:space="preserve">'''گۄشتابہٕ ('''کٲشُر وۄشژار: [ɡɔʃt̪aːbɨ])، چھُ اَکھ رؠوٲیتی کٲشرؠ سِیوٚن یُس خٕطہٕ کِس کھؠنٕکؠ ورثَس مَنٛز اَہم مقام چھُ تھاوان۔ گۄشتاب چھُ اَکھ بہترین تہٕ خوشبودار ماز بالہِ سالن یُس باریک ژٹنہٕ تہٕ دٔگِتھ [[ماز]]،[[زامُت دۄد (یوغأرٛٹ)|زامہٕ دۄد]] تہٕ مسالن ہٕنٛدِ مِلہٕ سٟتؠ بناونہٕ چھُ یِوان۔ یہِ چھُ عموٗمَن رؠوٲیتی واریاہَن کورسَن ہِنٛدِس کٲشرِس سالن مَنٛز ٲخری سِیۆنِک پٲٹھؠ پیش یِوان کرنہٕ یَتھ [[وازٕوان]] چھِ وَنان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Razdan|first=Sarla|title=Kashmiri Cuisine: Through the Ages|publisher=Roli Books|year=2004}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Gushtaba Recipe|url=https://food.ndtv.com/recipe-gushtaba-219366|access-date=21 March 2025|website=NDTV Food}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=2012-05-15|title=Wonders of the Wazwan|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/wonders-of-the-wazwan/article3304066.ece|access-date=2025-03-21|website=The Hindu}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{کھؠن معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ|name=گۄشتاب|image=File:Goshtaba wazwan.jpg|caption=گۄشتاب|image_size=275px|alternate_name=|region=[[کٔشیٖر]]|creator=|course=اہم سِیۆن|served=گرم|main_ingredient=قیمہٕ ماز،زامُت دۄد، مسالہٕ|variations=|calories=|other=}}
گۄشتاب چھِ کٔشیٖرِ کؠن کھؠن کین رؠوایتَن مَنٛز سرٛنؠ موٗل یِم [[مَرکَزی ایشیا|وسطی ایشیٲیی]]، فارسی تہٕ مغل کھِؠنو سٟتؠ مُتٲثر چھِ۔ ماننہٕ چھُ یِوان زِ یہِ ضِیافت ٲس اَتھ خٕطس مَنٛز مغل بادشاہ کِس دورَس مَنٛز مُتعارُف کرنہٕ آمٕژ، یِم پانَس سٟتؠ مازَس پؠٹھ مبنی سِنؠن ہُنٛد اَکھ بہترین رؠوایت أنؠ۔ وقتَس سٟتؠ سٟتؠ گوٚو گۄشتابَس أکِس الگ کٲشِرؠ لذیذَس مَنٛز تبدیٖل، یُس خٕطُک مسالہٕ تہٕ رنٛنٕچ تکنیٖکن ہُنٛد خاص امتزاج ظٲہِر چھُ کران۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Sen|first=Colleen Taylor|title=Feasts and Fasts: A History of Food in India|url=https://archive.org/details/feastsfastshisto0000senc|publisher=Reaktion Books|year=2015|isbn=978-1780233529}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=At a Kashmiri Wedding, a Polish Couple Learns the Art of Wazwaan|url=https://m.thewire.in/article/travel/kashmir-wedding-wazwaan-polish-couple|access-date=21 March 2025|website=The Wire}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>طَبَق ماز</title>
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'''طَبَق ماز''' (کٲشُر وۄشژار : [tabaq maːz]), تہٕ ونان '''قٗبَرگاہ''' &lt;ref name=&quot;Excelsior-2023&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=Excelsior|first=Daily|date=4 February 2023|title=Cuisines of Kashmir: A tradition and a treasure trove|url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/cuisines-of-kashmir-a-tradition-and-a-treasure-trove/|access-date=8 October 2023|website=Jammu Kashmir Latest News {{!}} Tourism {{!}} Breaking News J&amp;K|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; چھُ اَکھ رؠوٲیتی [[کٲشُر کھؠن|کٲشِرؠ سِیوٚن]] یُس [[کَٹھ|کٹہٕ]] [[کٲنؠ|کانیو]] سٟتؠ چھُ یِوان [[دۄد|دۄدَس]] تہٕ [[مَسالہٕ|مَسالن]] مَنٛز رلہٕ کران تہٕ پتہٕ  کٲمل پٲٹھؠ تَلنہٕ یِوان۔ یہِ چھُ کٲشرؠ کھِنُک اَکھ مناوُن حصہٕ، یُس اکثر خاص موقعن، تہوارن دوران تہٕ رؠوٲیتی واریاہن کورسن ہِنٛدِس کھؠنَس مَنٛز پیش چھُ یِوان کرنہٕ یَتھ [[وازٕوان|وزوان]] چھِ وَنان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;CurlyTales&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=11 March 2024|title=From Rogan Josh to Tabak Maaz: India's First Ever Kashmiri Restaurant in Delhi Has It All &amp; More|url=https://curlytales.com/from-rogan-josh-to-tabak-maaz-indias-first-ever-kashmiri-restaurant-in-delhi-has-it-all-more/|access-date=2025-03-21|website=Curly Tales}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Kaul2010&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Kaul|first=P.|title=Kashmiri Cuisine: Through the Ages|url=https://archive.org/details/kashmiricuisinet0000razd|publisher=Roli Books|year=2010|isbn=978-81-7436-692-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Waza2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Waza|first=S.|title=Traditional Kashmiri Cuisine: Wazwan|publisher=HarperCollins India|year=2017|isbn=978-93-5264-610-7}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bhat2015&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last=Bhat|first=A.|year=2015|title=Culinary Heritage of Kashmir: A Study of Wazwan|journal=Journal of Ethnic Foods|volume=2|issue=3|pages=123–130|doi=10.1016/j.jef.2015.08.002|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>دمہٕ ٲلَو</title>
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'''دمہٕ ٲلو''' یا '''دمہٕ اولَو''' چھُ [[ٲلو|ٲلوَس]] پؠٹھ مبنی رسہٕ درسِیوٚن۔ لفظ دم چھُ بخارٕ سٟتؠ رننہٕ یا وارٕ وارٕ رننہٕ آمُت، پؠٹھ مبنی چھُ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھ ہِندوستٲنؠ رِیاسَتھ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] مَنٛز [[وادی کٔشیٖر|وادی کشمیر]] رؠوایتی [[کٲشِرؠ پنٛڈِت|کشمیری پنڈت]] [[کٲشُر کھؠن|کھینن]] ہنٛد اَکھ حصہٕ۔ ''دمہٕ ٲلو'' چھ [[ہِندوستان]] تہٕ [[پٲکِستان|پٲکستانس]] مَنٛز بٔڑس پیمانس پؠٹھ رنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Martha Stone|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KywYBgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PP16|title=Indian Slow Cooker:Getting to Know the Basics of Slow Cooked Indian Kitchen Delicacies|year=2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[وراناسی|بنارسی]] تہٕ بنگٲلہِ تہِ چھےٚ مختلف قٕسٕم ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Punjabi|first=Camellia|title=The Great Curries of India|url=https://archive.org/details/greatcurriesofin00panj|publisher=Simon &amp; Schuster|year=1995|pages=[https://archive.org/details/greatcurriesofin00panj/page/148 148]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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| embed            = 
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| name             = شاد رمضان
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| native_name_lang = 
| pseudonym        = 
| birth_name       = مُحمد رمضان شاہ
| birth_date       = {{Birth date and age|1956|04|12|df=y}}
| birth_place      = [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]], ہِندوستان
| death_date       = &lt;!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (DEATH date then BIRTH date) --&gt;
| death_place      = 
| resting_place    = 
| occupation       = لِکھٲرؠ ، سٕکالر
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| children         = 
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| awards           = [[ساہِتیا اکیدمی یَنام]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sahitya Akademi – SA&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=KASHMIRI – Sahitya Akademi | website=Sahitya Akademi – SA | url=https://sahitya-akademi.org.in/?page_id=5621 | language=tl | access-date=2021-05-04 | archive-date=2021-06-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210623175937/https://sahitya-akademi.org.in/?page_id=5621 | url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
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'''شاد رمضان''' (پیدٲئش '''مُحمد رمضان شاہ''' ؛ 12 اپریل 1956) چھُ اَکھ کٲشِرؠ مُصنِف تہٕ عٲلِم۔ تٔمؠ لیچھ پنٕنؠ گۄڈنِچ نظم 15 ؤری وٲنٛسہِ مَنٛز۔ پننِس پیشورانہٕ زِندگی دوران لیچھِ تٔمؠ واریٛاہ نظمہٕ یِتھ کٔنؠ کورِ کۄکُڑ پُشرِتھ گومے ییٚمہِ مۄکھٕ أمِس 2014 ہس مَنٛز [[کٲشُر ساہِتیا اکیدمی یَنام ہِنٛز فہرست|کٲشرِس منٛز ساہتیہ اکادمی ایوارڈ دِنہٕ آو]]۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Greater Kashmir 2020&quot;&gt;{{cite web|date=2020-07-29|title=Words woven into tapestry|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/opinion/words-woven-into-tapestry/|access-date=2021-05-04|website=Greater Kashmir}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== زِندگی ہِنٛز زان ==

سُہ اوس 12 اپریل 1956 خیر الدین محمد شاہس زامُت یُس [[کۄلگوم]]، [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جموں و کشمیرُک]] [[فارسی زَبان|فارسی]] عٲلِم اوس۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Greater Kashmir 2020&quot; /&gt;

تمہِ لِیوُکھ مُختٔلِف موضوٗعن پؠٹھ مثلاً [[کٲشِر زَبان|کٲشرِ زَبان]] تہٕ [[کٲشُر ادَب]] ۔ أمہ سٕنٛز کیٚنٛہہ کتابہٕ آیہ ساہتیہ اکیڈمی نیشنل بک ٹرسٹ تہٕ [[جموں اینڈ کشمیر اکیڈیمی آف آرٹ کلچر اینڈ لینگویجز|جموں و کشمیر اکادمی آف آرٹ، کلچر اینڈ لینگوئجز]] سٕنٛد طرفہٕ شایع کرنہٕ۔ بنیٲدی طور پٲٹھؠ چھُ تنقیٖد لیکھان، تٔمؠ سُنٛد تحقیقی مضموٗن ظُلمتُس لال کیا چھٚے تَے ناو اوس 2005 مَنٛز شایَع گوٚومُت تہٕ یہِ چھُ کٲشرِ نثر تہٕ شٲعری مَنٛز نمایاں شرکژ ماننہٕ یِوان۔ تمہِ سُند تحقیقی مضموٗن سہل چا منی بوزُن چھُ کشیٖرِ زبان، ادب تہٕ [[لُکہٕ دٔلیٖل|لُکہٕ دٔلیٖلن]] ہُنٛد تفصیٖلی بیان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Greater Kashmir 2020&quot; /&gt;

== تناز ==

[[یونِورسِٹی آف کَشمیٖر]]

== یَنام ==

* ''2014'': [[ساہِتیا اکادمی یَنام]] 
* ''2009'': [[ساہِتیا اکیدمی تَرجَمہٕ یَنام]]-''انہار تہٕ اَکٕس'' خٲطرٕ &lt;ref name=&quot;Greater Kashmir 2020&quot; /&gt;

==حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ لِکھٲرؠ]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشُر شٲعِر]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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    <title>رَتی</title>
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      <comment>Add 2 books for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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| type = Hindu
| image = Rati sculpture at the group of monuments at Belur, Hassan, Karnataka, India (2009) (cropped).jpg
| Devanagari = रति
| Sanskrit_transliteration = Rati
| affiliation = دیوی
| children = ہرشا تہٕ یشا (نیٚچی)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/61937/61937-h/61937-h.htm|title=A Prose English Translation of Harivamsha|author1=Manmatha Nath Dutt|year=2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| weapon = تَلوار
| mount = {{ا|Parrot}}
| Greek_equivalent = {{ا|Aphrodite}}
| Roman_equivalent = [[وینس (افسانہٕ)|وینس]]
| equivalent4_type = مِصری
}}
رَتی ([[سَنَسکرٕٛت زَبان|سنسکرِت]] :रति، رَتی) چھےٚ [[لول]]، جِسمٲنی خواہش، حَوَس، جزبہٕ تہٕ جِنسی لذتٕچ [[ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم|ہؠندؠ]] دیوی۔&lt;ref name=&quot;swami&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Swami Ram Charran|title=The Vedic Sexual Code: Enjoy a Complete and Fulfilling Relationship With Your Lover|publisher=AuthorHouse|year=2007|pages=151, 209}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;wendy&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Dongier|first=Wendy|title=Purāṇa perennis: reciprocity and transformation in Hindu and Jaina texts|url=https://archive.org/details/puraperennisreci0000unse|publisher=SUNY Press|year=1993|isbn=0-7914-1382-9|pages=[https://archive.org/details/puraperennisreci0000unse/page/52 52], 75|author-link=Wendy Doniger}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Patricia Turner and estate of Charles Russell Coulter|title=Dictionary of ancient deities|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofanci0000turn|publisher=Oxford University Press US|year=2000|isbn=0-19-514504-6|pages=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofanci0000turn/page/258 258], 400}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;K253ff&quot;&gt;Kramrisch pp۔ 253–4&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>شفات قاضی</title>
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'''شفات قاضی''' چھُ اَکھ کٲشِرؠ-امریکی کارٕبٲرؠ شخصیت تہٕ فِلِم پروڈیوسر۔ سُہ چھُ BQE سافٹ ویئرُک بٲنی تہٕ سٲبقہٕ سی ای او،اَکھ کلاؤڈ بیسڈ پروجیکٹ مینجمنٹ تہٕ اکاؤنٹنگ سافٹ ویئر کمپنی۔ 2018 مَنٛز آو سُہ یو ایس اے ٹوڈے طرفہٕ ٹاپ 50 سی ای اوَن مَنٛز شٲمِل کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=|date=2018-12-19|title=Shafat Qazi|url=https://kashmirlife.net/shafat-qazi-issue-38-vol-10-194891/|access-date=2023-05-25|website=[[Kashmir Life]]|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|last=|date=2018-12-12|title=Kashmiri American In US's Top 50 CEO List|url=https://kashmirlife.net/kashmiri-american-in-uss-top-50-ceo-list-194696/|access-date=2023-05-25|website=Kashmir Life|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Shafat Qazi: A top ranked IT entrepreneur|url=http://risingkashmir.com/shafat-qazi-a-top-ranked-it-entrepreneur|access-date=2023-05-25|website=[[Rising Kashmir]]|archive-date=2023-05-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230525080028/http://risingkashmir.com/shafat-qazi-a-top-ranked-it-entrepreneur|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ذٲتی زِندگی ==

قاضی اوس [[کٔشیٖر|کٔشیٖرِ]] مَنٛز زامُت تہٕ پتہٕ گوٚو 1986 تھس مَنٛز نیویارک۔ تہنٛد مول گوٚو سرینگر کہِ [[امر سنٛگھ کالیٚج|امر سِنٛگھ کالیجُک]] پرنسپل سٕنٛدِ حیثیتہٕ رِٹٲر۔

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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''''''سونی''' بھٹ''' (نیے '''سونی رازدان''' پیدٲیش 25 اکتوبر 1956) ، یوٚس '''سونی''' ناوٕ تہٕ زاننہٕ چھ یوان، چھ اَکھ برطانوی اداکٲر تہٕ فِلِم ڈائریکٹر یوٚسہٕ ہِندوستٲنؠ [[ہِندی زَبان]] ہنٛزن فلمن مَنٛز کٲم چھِ کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;sr&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Soni BHATT|url=https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/officers/-tHxKSJTuhYjyDzxo37K2fdYaSU/appointments|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241206170244/https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/officers/-tHxKSJTuhYjyDzxo37K2fdYaSU/appointments|archive-date=6 December 2024|access-date=27 July 2023|website=gov.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt; أمہ اوس پنُن پان 1980 تہٕ 1990 کِس دٔہلہ کِس شروعاتس مَنٛز اَکھ اہم اداکارا پٲٹھؠ قٲیم کوٚرمت۔

==ذٲتی زِندگی==

سونی رازدان زایہ 25 اکتوبر 1956 [[بِرمِنگھم]]، [[اِنگلِستان]] کِس لۄکٹہِ ہیتھ علاقس مَنٛز [[جَرمَنی|جرمن]] نسلہِ برطانوی ماجہِ گرٹروڈ ہولزر تہٕ [[کٲشِرؠ پنٛڈِت|کٲشِرؠ پنڈت]] نسلہِ سٕنٛدِس ہِندوستٲنؠ مٲلِس نرٛیندر ناتھ رازدانس مَنٛز۔ سۄ پلییہِ [[ممبئی|بمبئی]]، ہندوستانس مَنٛز۔

==حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ اَداکار]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''زین خان دُرانی''' چھِ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ اداکار تہٕ شٲیِر، یس ''[[مُکھبیٖر-دی سٹوری آف اے سپائی]]'' ''بؠل بوٹم'' تہٕ ''کچہ بھیگے الفاز'' باپتھ زاننہٕ چھ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=18 February 2018|title=Worst part about growing up in a tumultuous state is that you get used to the violence: Kashmiri actor Zain Khan Durrani|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/worst-part-about-growing-up-in-a-tumultuous-state-is-that-you-get-used-to-the-violence-kashmiri-actor-zain-khan-durrani/story-xuEFRN61SLl7tGFrCYNh5O.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181125073912/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/worst-part-about-growing-up-in-a-tumultuous-state-is-that-you-get-used-to-the-violence-kashmiri-actor-zain-khan-durrani/story-xuEFRN61SLl7tGFrCYNh5O.html|archive-date=25 November 2018|access-date=28 October 2018|website=Hindustan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ذٲتی زِندگی ==

دُرانی زاو [[سِریٖنَگَر]]، [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کِس [[باغِ مہتاب]] کِس أنٛدؠ علاقس مَنٛز أکِس کٲشِرِ خانٛدانس مَنٛز۔ أمؠ کٔر [[بَرٕن ہال سۆکوٗل]]، تہٕ دہلی پبلک سکوٗلَس مَنٛز تٲلیٖم حٲصِل تہٕ ذاکر حسین کالیج، [[دہلی یونِورسِٹی|دِلہِ یوٗنیورسٹی]] پیٹھٕ کٔرن گریجویشن۔ تٔمؠ کٔر سکولس مَنٛز سٹیج اداکٲری تہٕ شعر لیکھمٕژ۔

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ اَداکار]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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| name               = شِشِر شرما
| image              = 
| caption            = 
| birth_date         = {{Birth date and age|10 January 1955}}
| nationality        = ہِندوستٲنؠ
| occupation         = [[اداکار]]
| years_active       = 1995{{endash}}ازکال
| children           = 1
}}
'''شِشِر شرما''' (پیدٲیش 10 جَنؤری 1955) چھ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم تہٕ ٹیلی وِجَن [[اداکار]]&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=10 January 2014|title=Birthday greetings to Suresh Menon, Abhaas Mehta, Shishir Sharma and Paras Arora|url=https://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/birthday-greetings-suresh-menon-abhaas-mehta-shishir-sharma-and-paras-arora|access-date=9 February 2020|website=Tellychakkar Dot Com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; سہ آو [[زی ٹی وی]] کس ''گھر کی لکشمی بیٹیاں'' مَنٛز، تہٕ چھ ''یاہان میں گھر گھر کھیلی'' یس مَنٛز جگموہن پرساد سنٛد کردار ادا کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ یوان۔

==حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''پِش (Bed Bug)''' چھِ Cimex [[جٲتؠ]] [[پَرزیٖو]] [[کیٛۆم|کیٚمۍ]]، یم مائکرو پروڈکٹر چھ یم عام طور پٲٹھؠ راتس مَنٛز [[رَتھ]] چھنہٕ وٲلؠ چھِ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;CDC2017Trans&quot; /&gt; تہنٛد کاسنہٕ سٟتؠ ہیکن صحتک واریاہ اثرات پیدٕ گژھتھ، یمن مَنٛز ژمہ پؠٹھ دؠمار، نفسیٲتی اثرات، تہٕ الرجک علامتہٕ شٲمل چھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;GP2009&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Doggett SL, Russell R|date=November 2009|title=Bed bugs – What the GP needs to know|journal=Aust Fam Physician|volume=38|issue=11|pages=880–4|pmid=19893834}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation journal cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFDoggettRussell2009&quot;&gt;Doggett SL, Russell R (November 2009). &quot;Bed bugs – What the GP needs to know&quot;. ''Aust Fam Physician''. '''38''' (11): &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;880–&lt;/span&gt;4. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]]&amp;nbsp;[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19893834 19893834].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; پِش ٹۆپھ سٟتؠ ہؠکہ ژمہ مَنٛز تبدیلی آستھ یَتھ مَنٛز لوٚکٹیٚن جاین پیٚٹھٕ نمایاں بستن تام ہؠکن ٲستھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;And2006&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=James, William D.|title=Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology|url=https://archive.org/details/andrewsdiseaseso0000jame_10ed|last2=Berger, Timothy G.|publisher=Saunders Elsevier|year=2006|isbn=978-0-7216-2921-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/andrewsdiseaseso0000jame_10ed/page/446 446]|display-authors=etal}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ib2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Ibrahim|first=O|last2=Syed|first2=UM|last3=Tomecki|first3=KJ|date=March 2017|title=Bedbugs: Helping your patient through an infestation.|journal=Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine|volume=84|issue=3|pages=207–211|doi=10.3949/ccjm.84a.15024|pmid=28322676|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; علامتہٕ ظٲہر گژھنس مَنٛز ہیکن منٹن پیٹھہٕ دۄہن تام لگتھ تہٕ کرُن چھ عام طور پٲٹھؠ آسان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ib2017&quot; /&gt; کینٛہہ نفر ہیٛکن تھکن محسوس کٔرِتھ یا [[تَپھ]] پیتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ib2017&quot; /&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کیوٚم]]</text>
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'''قۄرمہٕ''' ([[اُردوٗ زَبان|اُردوٗ]] :قورمہ؛  [[ہِندی زَبان|ہِندی]] : क़ोरमा؛ [[بَنٛگٲلؠ زَبان|بنٛگٲلؠ]]: কোরমা؛  [[فارسی زَبان|فارسی]]: قرما؛ [[کٲشِر زَبان|کٲشُر]]: قۄرمہٕ) چھِ اَکھ پکوان یس [[بَرِصَغیٖر ہِند|برصغیر پاک و ہند]] مَنٛز پٲدٕ چھِ گژھان، یَتھ مَنٛز مۆٹ، آب یا سٹاک سٟتؠ بنیومُت ماز یا سبزی چھ آسان، تہٕ اَکھ مۆٹ ژیٚٹنؠ یا گریوی تیار کرنہٕ خاطرٕ مصالحہٕ چھِ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;times2773345&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|archivedate=27 July 2008|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/food_and_drink/anjum_anand/article2773345.ece|first=Anjum|last=Anand|date=30 October 2007|title=My Chicken Korma|journal=[[The Times]] Online|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080727020352/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/food_and_drink/anjum_anand/article2773345.ece}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;singhp24&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Singh|first=Dharamjit|title=Indian Cookery|url=https://archive.org/details/indiancookery00sing|publisher=Penguin|year=1973|isbn=9780140461411|pages=[https://archive.org/details/indiancookery00sing/page/24 24]–25}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==تَوٲریٖخ==

یہِ چھُ مۄغل کھؠن سٟتؠ تعلق تھاوان یٔمؠ یہِ [[بَرِصَغیٖر ہِند|برصغیرِ ہِندس]] مَنٛز اوٚن۔

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>مجدد</title>
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      <text bytes="11033" sha1="gcgu2j3osshvsbrgkx2xy9nec5w0nt9" xml:space="preserve">{{Islam|اصول الفق کِس سلسلس منز اکھ مضمُون۔
UsulALFiqh.svg}}

'''مُجَدِد''' چھہٕ تس نفرس ونان یُس [[اِسلام|اسلامس]] مَنٛز تجدید(تِگۆو دین دوبارہٕ زندہٕ کرُن) انان چھُہ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Meri|first=Josef W.|title=Medieval islamic civilization: an encyclopedia|date=2006|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-96690-0|series=Routledge encyclopedias of the Middle Ages|location=New York}}&lt;/ref&gt; سنن ابو داود کہِ اکہ مشہُور [[حدیٖث|حدیث]] کِن چھُہ اِسلٲمی کلیندر مُطابق پرؠتھہ صدی مَنٛز مُجدد یوان تہٕ دینس مَنٛز بدعتہٕ تہٕ لادینی چیز ختم کٔرتھہ سۄنتٕچ عملہٕ زندہٕ کران تہٕ اصل دین واپس انان۔ مُجدد چھُہ پننہ صدی ہُنٛد بہترین [[مُسلمان]] ماننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Oxford Islamic Studies Online - Oxford Islamic Studies Online|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/|access-date=2025-09-12|website=www.oxfordislamicstudies.com|language=en|archive-date=2008-07-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704075505/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ابو ہُریرہ رضی اللہ تعالی عنُہ سٟنٛز ریوایت چھہ زِ:

&quot;إِنَّ اللَّهَ یَبْعَثُ لِهَذِهِ الأُمَّةِ عَلَى رَأْسِ كُلِّ مِایَةِ سَنَةٍ مَنْ یُجَدِّدُ لَهَا دِینَهَا&quot;

یعنی، &quot;بیشک کرِ خدا تۄنزِ اُمت مَنٛز سُہ/تِم نفر کھڈا، یُس/یِم تُہندِس دینس اندر تجدید انہِ/انن۔&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Arofik|first=Slamet|date=2017-12-16|title=TALQIN MAYIT ANALISIS KUALIFIKASI HADITH DALAM KITAB SUNAN ABU DAWUD|url=https://doi.org/10.30762/universum.v11i2.695|journal=UNIVERSUM|volume=11|issue=2|doi=10.30762/universum.v11i2.695|issn=2502-8650}}&lt;/ref&gt;

عٲلمن اندر چھُہ اختلاف زِ اتھہ حدیثس اندر چھا مُجدد وٲحد کراوُت کننہ جمع، مگر أزؠ کہ اُمتٕچ ابٲدی وُچھِتھہ چھُہ یی ونُن جان زِ أکس صدی اندر اندر ہؠکؠن اکہ کھۄتہٕ علاو مُجدد ٲسِتھہ۔

مُجددن اندر چھہِ عظیم عٲلمو علاوہٕ نیک پادشاہ تہٕ سپاہ سالار تہِ شٲمِل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Meri|first=Josef W.|title=Medieval islamic civilization: an encyclopedia|date=2006|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-96690-0|series=Routledge encyclopedias of the Middle Ages|location=New York}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[فَیِل:Ahmad Sirhindi.jpg|thumb|مُجدد الف الثانی احمد سِرھندی]]

== '''&lt;big&gt;اسلامس اندر مُجددن ہٕندؠ ناو&lt;/big&gt;''' ==
[[ابو حنیفہ|امامُ الاعظم ابو حنیفہ]]۔ رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (699-767)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=H. Şükrü|first=OYTUN|date=1956|title=14-18 EYLÜL 1956 TARIHINDE ATINA'DA TOPLANAN MİLLETLERARASI VI. HYDATİDOLOGİE KONGRESİNE DAİR|url=https://doi.org/10.1501/vetfak_0000002352|journal=Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi|volume=3|issue=3.4|pages=129–135|doi=10.1501/vetfak_0000002352|issn=1300-0861}}&lt;/ref&gt;

عمر بن عبدُ العزیز رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (682-720)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-30|url=https://doi.org/10.33096/mujaddid.v1i1|journal=Mujaddid: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengkajian Islam|volume=1|issue=1|doi=10.33096/mujaddid.v1i1|issn=2987-7148}}&lt;/ref&gt;

امام شافعی رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (767-820)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Shah|first=Zahir|last2=Zubair|first2=Muhammad|last3=Alam|first3=Jan|date=2018-03-30|title=Shah Waliullah and his Concept of Welfare State: An Analysis|url=https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2018(iii-i).08|journal=Global Social Sciences Review|volume=III|issue=I|pages=113–129|doi=10.31703/gssr.2018(iii-i).08|issn=2520-0348}}&lt;/ref&gt;

امام احمد ابن حنمبل رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (780-855)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Mohamed Nor|first=Zulhilmi|last2=Azmi|first2=Ahmad Sanusi|date=2019-06-18|title=Al-Hafiz Al-Zarkasyi Dan Kitabnya Al-Nukat ‘Ala Muqaddimah Ibn Al-Salah|url=https://doi.org/10.33102/johs.v4i1.61|journal=Journal Of Hadith Studies|doi=10.33102/johs.v4i1.61|issn=2550-1488}}&lt;/ref&gt;

محمد البُخاری رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (810-870)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Shah|first=Zahir|last2=Zubair|first2=Muhammad|last3=Alam|first3=Jan|date=2018-03-30|title=Shah Waliullah and his Concept of Welfare State: An Analysis|url=https://doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2018(iii-i).08|journal=Global Social Sciences Review|volume=III|issue=I|pages=113–129|doi=10.31703/gssr.2018(iii-i).08|issn=2520-0348}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ابو الحسن الاشعری رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (874-936)&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Medieval Islamic civilization: an encyclopedia|date=2006|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-96691-7|editor-last=Meri|editor-first=Josef W.|series=Routledge encyclopedias of the Middle Ages|location=New York|editor-last2=Bacharach|editor-first2=Jere L.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[الغزالی|حجت الاسلام ابو حمید الغالی]] رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (1058-1111)&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Waines|first=David|title=An introduction to Islam|date=2006|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-53906-7|edition=2. ed., 4. print|location=Cambridge}}&lt;/ref&gt;

عبد القادر جیلانی رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (1078-1166)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Ahmad|first=La Ode Ismail|last2=Amri|first2=Muhammad|date=2019-06-01|title=Epistemologi Ibn Taymiyah dan Sistem Ijtihadnya  dalam Kitab Majmu al-Fatawa|url=https://doi.org/10.30603/au.v19i1.618|journal=Al-Ulum|volume=19|issue=1|pages=171–194|doi=10.30603/au.v19i1.618|issn=2442-8213}}&lt;/ref&gt;

صلاحُ الدین عیُوبی رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (1137-1193)&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Advocate of dialoge [sic]|url=https://archive.org/details/advocateofdialog00aliu|date=2000|publisher=Fountain|isbn=978-0-9704370-1-3|editor-last=Ünal|editor-first=Ali|location=Fairfax}}&lt;/ref&gt;

فخرُد دین الرازی رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (1149-1210)&lt;ref&gt;&quot;al-Razi, Fakhr al-Din (1149–1209)&quot;. Muslim Philosophy.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[اِبن تیمیہ|ابن تیمیہ رحمتہ اللہ علیہ]] (1269-1328)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Burge|first=S.R.|date=2019-02|title=Rebecca Skreslet Hernandez: The Legal Thought of Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī: Authority and Legacy. (Oxford Islamic Legal Studies.) ix, 238 pp. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017. ISBN 978 0 19 880593 9.|url=https://doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x19000053|journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies|volume=82|issue=1|pages=167–169|doi=10.1017/s0041977x19000053|issn=0041-977X}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ابن القیم رحمتہ اللہ علیہ(1292-1350)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Burge|first=S.R.|date=2019-02|title=Rebecca Skreslet Hernandez: The Legal Thought of Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī: Authority and Legacy. (Oxford Islamic Legal Studies.) ix, 238 pp. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017. ISBN 978 0 19 880593 9.|url=https://doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x19000053|journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies|volume=82|issue=1|pages=167–169|doi=10.1017/s0041977x19000053|issn=0041-977X}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ابن الھجر  رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (1372-1448)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2012|title=al-Asqalani, Ibn Hajar (1372–1449)|url=https://doi.org/10.5040/9798216024781.0009|journal=Encyclopedia of the Black Death|pages=3–4|doi=10.5040/9798216024781.0009}}&lt;/ref&gt;

محمت فاتح (1432-1481)&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Advocate of dialog[!]e: Fethullah Gülen|url=https://archive.org/details/advocateofdialog00aliu|date=2000|publisher=Fountain|isbn=978-0-9704370-1-3|editor-last=Ünal|editor-first=Ali|location=Fairfax|editor-last2=Williams|editor-first2=Alphonse}}&lt;/ref&gt;

جلال الدین السیوطی رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (1445-1505)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2023-04-30|url=https://doi.org/10.33096/mujaddid.v1i1|journal=Mujaddid: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengkajian Islam|volume=1|issue=1|doi=10.33096/mujaddid.v1i1|issn=2987-7148}}&lt;/ref&gt;

سلیمان قانُونی (1494-1566)&lt;ref&gt;Transactions of the Royal Historical Society: Volume 12: Sixth Series By Royal Historical Society&lt;/ref&gt;

احمد سرھندی رحمتہ اللہ علیہ(1564-1624)&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Meri|first=Josef W.|title=Medieval islamic civilization: an encyclopedia|date=2006|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-96690-0|series=Routledge encyclopedias of the Middle Ages|location=New York}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[شاہ ولی اللہ دھلوی|شاہ ولی اللہ دھلوی رحمتہ اللہ علیہ]](1706-1762)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=العروسي فرحات|first=عبدالوهاب|date=2025-06-01|title=الإمام ولي الله الدهلوي (1114هـ - 1176هـ) ومنهجه في الدعوة والإصلاح دراسة تحليلية- Imam Shah Waliullah Dehlawi (1114 AH - 1176 AH) and His Approach to Da'wah and Reform: An Analytical Study|url=https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2025.442837|journal=الفرائد في البحوث الإسلامية والعربية|volume=48|issue=1|pages=2147–2212|doi=10.21608/bfsa.2025.442837|issn=2805-2609}}&lt;/ref&gt;

محمُود حسن دیوبندی رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (1851-1920)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hartung|first=Jan-Peter|date=2016-09-03|title=The Praiseworthiness of Divine Beauty – The ‘Shaykh al-Hind’ Maḥmūd al-Ḥasan, social justice, and Deobandiyyat|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/19472498.2016.1223719|journal=South Asian History and Culture|volume=7|issue=4|pages=346–369|doi=10.1080/19472498.2016.1223719|issn=1947-2498}}&lt;/ref&gt;

سید نُرصی رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (1898-1960)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Rippin|first=Andrew|last2=Bernheimer|first2=Teresa|date=2018-09-04|title=Muslims|url=https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315414775|doi=10.4324/9781315414775}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[مُحَمَّد اِقبال|علامہ اقبال]] رحمتہ اللہ علیہ (1877-1938)&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Sevea|first=Iqbal Singh|title=The political philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal: Islam and nationalism in late colonial India|date=2012|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-00886-1|location=New York}}&lt;/ref&gt;

عبد الرحمان الاصعدی رحمتہ اللہ علیہ(1889-1957)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Smith|first=Van Mitchell|date=1974-09|title=History of West Africa, Vol. 2: Ajayi, J. F. A., and Michael Crowder, eds.: New York: Columbia University Press, 764 pp., Publication Date: May 31, 1974|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03612759.1974.9946605|journal=History: Reviews of New Books|language=en|volume=2|issue=10|pages=251–251|doi=10.1080/03612759.1974.9946605|issn=0361-2759}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''ابوٗ عبد اللہ شُرَحبِل ابن حَسَنَہ''' اوس گوڑنِک [[مُسلمان]] مذہب تبدیٖل کرن والیو منٛزٕ اَکھ، [[صُحابی|صحابہ]] (سٲتھی [[مُحَمَّد|رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم]]) تہٕ [[شامس پؠٹھ مُسلمانن ہِنٛز فتح|شام کِس مسلمانن ہٕنٛز فتح]] دوران اوس [[راشدین فوج|راشدین فوجس]] مَنٛز اَکھ اہم کمانڈر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Kennedy |first=Hugh |title=The Great Arab Conquests: How the Spread of Islam Changed the World We Live In |url=https://archive.org/details/greatarabconques00kenn_0 |publisher=Da Capo Press |year=2007 |isbn=978-0306815855 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/greatarabconques00kenn_0/page/133 132]–134}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==اِبتدٲے زِندگی ==

شُرَحبِل بِن حَسَنَہ اوس اصلی یمنُک تہٕ بنیوو [[مُحَمَّد|رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم]] سُنٛد [[صُحابی]]۔ تم ٲسؠ گۄڈنِکین مُسلمانن مَنٛز شٲمِل تہٕ یِمو کٔر رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم سٕنٛدِس زمانس مَنٛز ہجرت تہٕ مہمَن مَنٛز حصہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Donner |first=Fred M. |title=The Early Islamic Conquests |url=https://archive.org/details/earlyislamicconq0000donn |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=1981 |isbn=978-0691054282 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/earlyislamicconq0000donn/page/156 156]–158}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==فوجی پیٚشہٕ ==

[[مُحَمَّد|رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ و سلم]] سٕندِ وَفات پتہٕ گٔیہِ خلیفہ ابوٗبکر سٕندِس قیادتس مَنٛز رِداع جَنٛگن مَنٛز شٲمِل تہٕ پتہٕ بنیٛوو [[شامس پؠٹھ مُسلمانن ہِنٛز فتح|شام فتح]]کرنَس مَنٛز اہم کمانڈرن مَنٛز اَکھ۔ تٔمؠ لوٚڑ اجنادین تہٕ فحل ہِوین بٔڑؠن جنٛگن مَنٛز تہٕ [[ابوٗ عبیدہ بِن جراح|ابو عبیدہ ابن الجراح]] تہٕ [[خالد ابن الولید]] ہِوین جنرلن سٟتؠ قریبی کٲم کران۔ اِبتدٲیی مسلم انتظامیہس دوران کٔر أمؠ گریٹر شام کین حصن پؠٹھ تہٕ حکومت۔

==وَفات==

شُرَحبِل بِن حَسَنَہ گُزریٛوو 639 عیسویس مَنٛز [[فلسطیٖن (علاقہٕ)|فلسطینس]] مَنٛز [[امواسُک طوعون|امواس کِس طوعونس]] دوران، سُہ وَباہ یٔمؠ واریاہ باقٕے عظیٖم مُسلمان رہنماہن ہُنٛد گُزرنُک وجہ بنیٛو۔

==حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:صُحابی]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''عیاض بِن غنم''' (وفات: 641 عیسوی) اوس [[مُحَمَّد|پیغمبر محمد صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم]] سُنٛد [[صُحابی]] تہٕ خلافت راشدہ کِس گۄڈنِکؠو مُسلمانو کمانڈرَو مَنٛز اَکھ۔ سُہ چھُ خاص طور پٲٹھؠ شمٲلی شام تہٕ [[جزیرہ فِرات|بالٲئی میسوپوٹیمیاہس]] مَنٛز پننہٕ مہمات خٲطرٕ یاد یوان کرنہٕ، یتہٕ تم فوجی کارروٲئی تہٕ مذاکراتی معاہدن دۄشونی ذریعہٕ کنہہ اہم شَہَر محفوٗظ کٔر۔

==اِبتدٲے زِندگی==
عیاض اوس مکہ کِس قبیلہ [[قُریش]] سٟتؠ تعلق تھاوان تہٕ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم سٕندِس زمانس مَنٛز کۆرُکھ [[اِسلام]] قبوٗل۔ یۄدوَے زَن رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ و سلم سٕندؠن قریبی صحابن مَنٛز کم نمایاں ٲس، مگر پتہٕ گو تم [[ابوٗ بَکر|ابوبکر]] تہٕ [[عمر بِن خطاب|عمر]] سٕنٛدین خلفیاتن دوران پننہٕ قائدانہٕ صلاحیتو کہ وجہ سٟتؠ اہمیت۔

==فوجی پیٚشہٕ==
[[عرب پرٛالانٛکھ]] کؠن مُہِمن مَنٛز کمانڈر مقرر کرنہٕ آمُت، أمؠ کوٚر رقہ، ایڈیسا تہٕ حران ہِوؠن شہرن پؠٹھ قبضہٕ۔ پننین کینٛہہ ہم عصرن برعکس، عیاد اوس اکثر کتھ باتھ ترجیح، مُقٲمی آبادین خراج بدلہٕ معاہدٕ دِوان، یمہٕ سٟتؠ خطس مَنٛز مسلمانن ہنٛد کنٹرول نسبتاً پرامن استحکامک اجازت دیُت۔

==وَفات==
عید ابن غنم گُزریو 641 عیسوی یس مَنٛز [[عرب پرٛالانٛکھ]] ہس مَنٛز، یتہٕ تم کمانڈر تہٕ گورنر دۄشوٕنی ہنٛد پٲٹھی کٲم کٔر۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛز شہرت چھےٚ أکِس قٲبِل جنرل سٕنٛدِ حیثیتہٕ برقرار یٔمؠ سفارت کٲری سٟتؠ جنگُک توازُن کوٚر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Donner |first=Fred M. |title=The Early Islamic Conquests |url=https://archive.org/details/earlyislamicconq0000donn |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=1981 |isbn=978-0691054282 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/earlyislamicconq0000donn/page/230 230]–232}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:صُحابی]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''ششی تھرور''' چھُ [[دِل|دِلہِ]] مَنٛز حۆکوٗمَتھ ہندُک ؤزیٖر تہٕ [[کیرَلا|کیرالہ]] پؠٹھٕ لوک سبھایہِ ہُنٛد رُکُن۔ امہِ برٛونٛہہ، اوس سُہ [[اَمریٖکہ|اقوام متحدہُک]] ڈپٹی سیکرٹری جنرل تہٕ سیکرٹری جنرل (2006) کِس عہدٕ خٲطرٕ مٲدانس مَنٛز۔ سُہ چھُ اَکھ لِکھٲرؠ تہٕ ناول نگار تہِ۔ [[اَمریٖکہ|اقوام متحدٕکؠ]] سیکریٹری جنرل سٕندِ عہدٕ چہِ ریسہِ مَنٛز ہوٗر ششی تھرور [[جۆنوٗبی کۄرِیا|جنوبی کوریا]] کِس [[بان کی مون]] نِش۔ [[سُنندا پُشکر]] ٲس تہنٛز ترٛیٚیِم زَنان۔&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/congress-announces-reconstituted-working-committee-shashi-tharoor-sachin-pilot-new-additions/article67215877.ece The Hindu, 20.08.2023 ]&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لِکھٲرؠ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''سروانَنٛد کول پرٛیمی''' (2 نَوَمبَر 1924 - 1 مٔی 1990)، اوس اَکھ [[کٲشِر زَبان|کٲشِرِ]] [[شٲیِر|شٲعِر]]، [[شؠچھ وٲنؠ]]، تحقیٖقی سکالر، گاندھیایی، سمٲجی مُصلح تہٕ آزٲدی کارکُن یُس [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جموں و کشمیر]]، ہِندوستانَس مَنٛز روزان چھُ۔ پننِس جوان خانٛدرٕ وٲلِس نیٚچوِس وریندر (27) سٕتہِ آو سُہ 1990 تھس مَنٛز اِسلٲمی دہشت گردَو اغوا کٔرِتھ، اذیت دِنہٕ تہٕ مارنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=29 April 2017|title=A Poet of hope|url=http://www.dailyexcelsior.com/a-poet-of-hope/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170516073956/http://www.dailyexcelsior.com/a-poet-of-hope/|archive-date=16 May 2017|access-date=2018-08-21|website=www.dailyexcelsior.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Real Tragedy of Kashmir|url=http://www.kashmirherald.com/featuredarticle/realtragedyofkashmir.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150819052356/http://www.kashmirherald.com/featuredarticle/realtragedyofkashmir.html|archive-date=19 August 2015|access-date=2018-08-21|website=www.kashmirherald.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The Unsung Hero of Kashmiriyat - Sarwanand Kaul Premi - Early Times Newspaper Jammu Kashmir|url=http://www.earlytimesnews.com/newsdet.aspx?q=201624|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180821223242/http://www.earlytimesnews.com/newsdet.aspx?q=201624|archive-date=21 August 2018|access-date=2018-08-21|website=www.earlytimesnews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Editorjknews|title=JKCA pays tributes to the Sarwanand Koul Premi on his 27th death anniversary|url=http://jknewspoint.com/jkca-pays-tributes-to-the-sarwanand-koul-premi-on-his-27th-death-anniversary/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180821191917/http://jknewspoint.com/jkca-pays-tributes-to-the-sarwanand-koul-premi-on-his-27th-death-anniversary/|archive-date=21 August 2018|access-date=2018-08-21|website=jknewspoint.com|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/opinion/banished-from-home-i-1502436679.html|title=Banished from Home ~ I - The Statesman|date=2017-08-13|work=The Statesman|access-date=2018-08-21|language=en-US|archive-date=21 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180821191856/https://www.thestatesman.com/opinion/banished-from-home-i-1502436679.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=19 January 2016|title=Exodus of Kashmiri Pandits: What happened on January 19, 26 years ago?|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/fyi/story/exodus-of-kashmiri-pandits-january-19-jammu-and-kashmir-304487-2016-01-19|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913132051/https://www.indiatoday.in/fyi/story/exodus-of-kashmiri-pandits-january-19-jammu-and-kashmir-304487-2016-01-19|archive-date=13 September 2018|access-date=2018-09-01|website=India Today|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

کینٛہَن ؤرِین کٔر أمہِ گامَس تہٕ کھادی اِنٛڈسٹریز بورڈَس (اَکھ رِیاستی اِدارٕ) تہٕ سٕتی پنٛجاب کِس محکمہٕ صنعتَس مَنٛز کٲم۔ سُہ آو کٔشیٖر واپس تہٕ کٔرٕن 1954 پؠٹھٕ 1977 تام جموں و کشمیر کِس محکمہٕ تعلیمس مَنٛز بطورِ وۄستاد شٲمِل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Pandita, R. (2007). ''Pt. Sarwanand Kaul Premi''. Retrieved from|url=http://www.shehjar.com/list/16/87/1.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012124006/http://www.shehjar.com/list/16/87/1.html|archive-date=12 October 2018|access-date=11 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== شایع شُدٕ کٲم ==

* کلامہِ پرٛیمی
* پیامی پرٛیمی
* روٗد جٲری
* اۆش تہٕ وۆش
* گیتانجانلی (ترجمہٕ)
* رُسی پَدشاہ کتھا
* پنچچادر (شٲیری سۄمبرنہٕ)
* بختی کوسُم
* ٲخری مُلاقات
* ماتھُر دیوی
* مِرزا کاک (زِندگی تہٕ کٲم)
* مِرزا کاک جی واکھ
* کشمیر کی بیٹی
* بگوت گیتا (ترجمہٕ 1)
* تاج
* روپا بھوانی&lt;ref name=&quot;Dutt1999&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author=Kartik Chandra Dutt|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QA1V7sICaIwC&amp;pg=PA585|title=Who's who of Indian Writers, 1999: A-M|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|year=1999|isbn=978-81-260-0873-5|pages=585–}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== موتھ ==

[[File:News Report on Sarwanand Koul Premi dual murder.jpg|thumb|مسٹر سروانَنٛد پرٛیمی تہٕ وریندر پرٛیمی سٕنٛدِس قتلٕچ خبر]]

سُہ آو پننِس نیٚچوِس سٕتہِ 1 میی 1990 مَنٛز کٲشِرِ اِسلٲمی علیحدگی پسند دہشت گردَو قَتٕل کٔرِتھ [[پھٲسؠ]] دِنہٕ۔

==حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشُر شٲعِر]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ پنٛڈِت]]
[[زٲژ:1990 وَفات]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>سلووینیاہُک قومی ترانہٕ</title>
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        <id>9889</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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سلووینیاہک قومی ترانہٕ چھُ [[سلووینیا|سلووینیاہُک]] [[قومی ترانہٕ]] ۔ یہِ چھُ [[فرانس پریسرن]] نظٕم &quot;Zdravljica&quot; (اَکھ ٹوسٹ) ہُنٛد سٔتِم بند، یُس سٹینکو پریمرلن موٗسیٖقی پؠٹھ ترتیب دِژمُت چھُ، یُس تمام قومن ہُنٛد  پرامن بقائے باہمی تہٕ بھائی چارس فروغ چھُ دوان۔&lt;ref&gt;Danica Veceric (2006). [https://books.google.com/books?id=JQV6kAwT4v0C&amp;dq=Zdravljica++French+Revolution&amp;pg=PA24 ''Slovenia۔ Looking at Europe''], The Oliver Press, Inc., {{ISBN|1881508749}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==تَوٲریٖخ ==

یم بٲتھ چھہِ [[فرانس پریسرن]] سنٛزِ 1844 چہ نظمہِ &quot;Zdravljica&quot; (A Toast) پیٹھہ شۆروٗع سپدان تہ سلووینیا چہ آزٲدی پؠٹھ آیہ 1991 مَنٛز سرکٲرؠ طور ترانہ پانناونہٕ، یُس اَمہِ برونہہ 1989 پیٹھہ علاقایی ترانہٕ اوس۔

==حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:سلووینیا]]
[[زٲژ:قومی ترانہٕ]]</text>
      <sha1>kgg9hedfvsw9hslsgfp1ewyblcibgof</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>سایوں تھنگا پھولکا</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147553</origin>
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      <text bytes="1894" sha1="aqz9xvn1o0p862ezfcze2jdrqhq7qss" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox anthem|english_title=ہَتہٕ بٔدؠ پوش|adopted=3 اگست 2007}}

&quot;سایوں تھنگا پھولکا&quot; چھ [[نؠپال]] [[قومی ترانہٕ]] ۔  یہِ آو 3 اَگَست 2007 قومی منصوبہٕ بندی کمیشن کس کانفرنس ہالس مَنٛز سنگھا دربار اندر منعقد اکہ تقریبس دوران عبوری پارلیمنٹک سپیکر سبھاش چندر نیمبانگ سرکٲر طور تر٘اونہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2007-09-27|title=Govt makes National Anthem public - ''Kantipur Daily'' (Archived)|url=http://www.kantipuronline.com/kolnews.php?nid=117987|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927023024/http://www.kantipuronline.com/kolnews.php?nid=117987|archive-date=2007-09-27|access-date=2020-11-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=4 August 2007|title=New National Anthem of Nepal adopted on 3 August 2007 (''YouTube'')|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hrnpKbqR0WM|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170406183950/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hrnpKbqR0WM|archive-date=6 April 2017|access-date=2020-11-02|website=www.youtube.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; پتم قومی ترانہٕ &quot;شریمن گمبر&quot; آو 1962 ہس مَنٛز اختیار کرنہٕ مگر بادشاہت کس محادٕ پتہٕ آو یہٕ کڑنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GeasCAAAQBAJ|title=Republic or Death! Travels in Search of National Anthems|publisher=Random House Books|year=2015|isbn=9781847947413|location=London|pages=33–63|quote=&quot;The Maoists...when they did finally agree peace, deciding to work within the political system after the public started protesting against the king in Kathmandu, one of their terms was that the anthem be changed.&quot;}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:نؠپال]]
[[زٲژ:قومی ترانہٕ]]</text>
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    <ns>0</ns>
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        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''سُمِت کول''' (پیدٲیش 10 مارٕچ 1978) چھ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ اداکار تہٕ ماڈل یس ویب سیریز ''[[تَناو]]'' ہس مَنٛز عمُر رِیاض سُنٛد کردار ادا کرنہٕ باپتھ زاننہٕ چھ یوان۔

کول اوس 10 مارٕچ 1978 [[ممبئی|بمبیہ]]، [[مَہاراشٹٛر|مہاراشٹرا]] ہس مَنٛز أکس [[کٲشِرؠ پنٛڈِت]] خانٛدانس مَنٛز زامٗت ییٚمؠ 1990 کس دہلس مَنٛز [[وادی کٔشیٖر|وادی کشمیر]] ترٛوو۔&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Prasad|first=Amrita|date=November 1, 2019|title=Kashmir is one of the most beautiful scenic locations to shoot: Sumit Kaul|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/spotlight/kashmir-is-one-of-the-most-beautiful-scenic-locations-to-shoot-sumit-kaul/articleshow/71855341.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191102003550/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/spotlight/kashmir-is-one-of-the-most-beautiful-scenic-locations-to-shoot-sumit-kaul/articleshow/71855341.cms|archive-date=November 2, 2019|access-date=January 27, 2023|publisher=[[Times of India]]|language=en-IN|quote=I am originally a '''Kashmiri Pandit''' (my family was unceremoniously kicked out of Kashmir)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Mulchandani|first=Amrita|date=June 13, 2011|title=Positive approach: Sumit Kaul|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/positive-approach-sumit-kaul/articleshow/8834438.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20230127081159/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/positive-approach-sumit-kaul/articleshow/8834438.cms|archive-date=January 27, 2023|access-date=January 27, 2023|publisher=[[Times of India]]|language=en-IN|quote=Sumit shares how his family was thrown out of Kashmir during the wars, because they were '''Kashmiri pandits'''.}}&lt;/ref&gt; أمہ کٕر پننہ اداکٲری ہنٛز پیشورانہٕ [[ہِندی زَبان|ہندی]] 2000 تھس مَنٛز ایک جوٹ سٟتؠ شروٗع، یس نادیرا بابر سٕنٛز سربرٲہی مَنٛز اَکھ تھیٹر گروپ اوس، ییٚتہ أمہ ینہٕ وٲلہ ژور ؤری واریاہ ہنٛدی تہٕ اُردوٗ ڈراما کرٕنہ گزٲر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Sumit-Kaul-I-love-the-chaat-you-get-in-Delhi/articleshow/44784028.cms|title=Sumit Kaul: I love the chaat you get in Delhi|journal=The Times of India|first=Saloni|last=Bhatia|date=12 October 2014|accessdate=22 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; أمہ چھ ''[[حیدر (فِلِم)|حیدر،]]'' ''لیلا ماجنو'' ملک تہٕ ''حامد،'' ہشن فلمن مَنٛز تہ کٲم کٔرمٕژ، تہٕ چھ ٹی وی شوٗ یَتھ کٔنؠ لاگی تجھ سے لاگن، نظر تہٕ ''[[تَناو]]'' ہشن ویب شوٗزن ہنٛد حصہٕ روزمت۔ أمہ سنٛد ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ نوٚو کردار چھ فِلِم ''افواہ'' ہس مَنٛز انسپکٹر سنٛندیپ تومر سنٛد۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2 September 2018|title=Voice veteran of 100 Hollywood films, Sumit Kaul, to dub for Predator|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/hollywood/voice-veteran-of-100-hollywood-films-sumit-kaul-to-dub-for-predator/story-avrjd3yVjp7MtiuZ8DCwvO.html|website=Hindustan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/nazars-sumit-kaul-considers-it-challenging-to-play-a-father-to-a-20-year-old-girl/articleshow/65337011.cms|title=Nazar's Sumit Kaul considers it challenging to play a father to a 20-year-old girl - Times of India|journal=The Times of India|date=9 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ پنٛڈِت]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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جنوٗبی کوریا وون، یَتھ کوڈ ویزٕ جمہوریہ کوریا وون چھِ وننہٕ یوان (نِشان طورس پؠٹھ : '''KRW'''  کورین: 대한민국 원) چھِ [[جۆنوٗبی کۄرِیا|جنوبی کوریاہُک]] سرکٲرؠ کرنسی۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kawai|first=Masahiro|title=Monetary and Financial Cooperation in East Asia: The State of Affairs After the Global and European Crises|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780198714156|last2=Pak|first2=Yŏng-chʻŏl|last3=Wyplosz|first3=Charles|date=2015|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=978-0-19-871415-6|location=Oxford}}&lt;/ref&gt;  اَکھ وون چھُ 100 جیٛونس مَنٛز تقسیٖم کرنہٕ آمُت، یس مالیٲتی ذیلی اکٲیی چھُ۔ جیٛون چھنہٕ وۄنؠ روزمرہ ہنٛد لین دین خٲطرٕ اِستِمال گژھان، تہٕ یہِ چھ صرف غٲر ملکی زر مبادلہ ہنٛد شرحن مَنٛز ظٲہر گژھان۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:پونٛسہٕ]]</text>
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'''پارٛک جے سَنٛگ''' (31 دَسَمبَر 1977 مَنٛز '''ساے''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|aɪ}}) کہ ناوٕ سٟتؠ مشہوٗر چھ اَکھ جۆنوٗبی کوریایی ریپر، گلوکار، نغمہٕ نگار تہٕ ریکارڈ پروڈیوسر۔ &lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=September 27, 2012|title=PSY goes home, gets 'Gangnam-Style' welcom|url=http://video.today.msnbc.msn.com/today/49192707#49192707|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120930050755/http://video.today.msnbc.msn.com/today/49192707#49192707|archive-date=September 30, 2012|access-date=September 29, 2012|publisher=MSNBC}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ساے ین کٔرؠ 11 ؤری پتہٕ ہٹ سنگلز &quot;[[گَنٛگنم سِٹایِل]]&quot; تہٕ &quot;جنٹل مین۔&quot; سٟتؠ بین الاقوامی شہرت حٲصل، یم دۄنوے یو ایس ''بل بورڈ'' ہاٹ 100 کس ٹاپ 10 مَنٛز وٲتؠ۔ &quot;گنگنم سٹایل&quot; اوس اَمہِ کس ریلیزس پؠٹھ اَکھ عالمی وایرل رجحان ییٚمیک میوزک ویٖڈیو 1 ارب ویوٗزن تام واتن وول گۄڑنیک [[یوٗٹیٛوٗب]] ویٖڈیو بنیٛوو تہٕ نَوَمبَر 2012 پؠٹھٕ جُلَے 2017 تام ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ وٕچھنہٕ ینہٕ وول یوٹیوب ویڈیوز ہنٛد ریکارڈ تھۆو۔ اَمہِ علاوٕ پھٹرٲو &quot;جنٹل مین&quot; باپتھ میوزک ویڈیوہن گۄڈنکس 24 ہن گھنٹن مَنٛز زیٛادٕ تر یوٹیوب ویوزن ہنٛد ریکارڈ۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:جۆنوٗبی کۄرِیٲیی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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'''ساری''' چھُ ایرانُک سابقہ رازدٲنؠ تہٕ مازندران صوبہٕ مرکز تہٕ سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ آبٲدی والا شَہَر، یُس ایرانُک رازدٲنؠ تھ [[تہران]] 250 کلومیٹر شمال مشرقی شمالس مَنٛز واقع چھُ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Mazandaran Province Structure&quot;&gt;{{cite report|title=Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the divisions of Mazandaran Province, centered in Sari city|language=fa|website=lamtakam.com|via=Lam ta Kam|url=https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113042|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114003543/https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113042|publisher=Ministry of the Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council|last=Habibi|first=Hassan|archive-date=14 January 2024|orig-date=Approved 12 September 1990|date=c. 2024|id=Subject Letter 3233.1.5.53; Notification 83346/T144K|access-date=14 January 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:ایٖران]]
[[زٲژ:ایٖرنٕکؠ صوبن ہِنٛز رازدٲنؠ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''ارمُغان شاہِد''' (زامُت 27 اپریل 1971) یُس پننس سٹیج ناو '''شان شاہِد''' سٟتؠ مشہوٗر چھُ، چھِ اَکھ [[پٲکِستان|پاکستٲنؠ]] اداکار، پروڈیوسر، ماڈل، سکرین رائٹر تہٕ ہدایت کار۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=30 July 2015|title=Which Pakistani Celebrities Have Dual Nationalities?|url=https://style.pk/which-pakistani-celebrities-have-dual-nationalities/|access-date=7 October 2025|archive-date=6 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250806151603/https://style.pk/which-pakistani-celebrities-have-dual-nationalities/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;  شان چھُ پانس پاکِستان کین سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ مشہوٗر اداکارو مَنٛز اَکھ قرار دُیتمت۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=5 October 2014|title=Shaan Shahid: The ageless superstar|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/769739/shaan-shahid-the-ageless-superstar/|access-date=21 September 2015|website=tribune.com.pk}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;instep_1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=It's good to be the King!|url=http://jang.com.pk/thenews/may2012-weekly/nos-27-05-2012/instep/mainarticle.asp|accessdate=27 December 2014|journal=[[The News International|The News]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217231541/http://jang.com.pk/thenews/may2012-weekly/nos-27-05-2012/instep/mainarticle.asp|archivedate=17 December 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

شاہن کوٚر پننہ اداکٲری ہنٛد کیریئرک آغاز 1990 مَنٛز جاوید فاجل سٕنٛز فِلِم ''بُلندی'' مَنٛز [[ریما خان|ریمہ خان]] سٟتؠ فلمی شروٗعات کٔرِتھ تہٕ 2014 ہس تام کٔر أمہ 576 فلمن مَنٛز اداکٲری، یمن مَنٛز 388 پنجابی فلمہٕ تہٕ 188 اُردوٗ فلمہٕ شٲمل چھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Ansari|first=Hasan|date=3 October 2014|title=Did you know? Operation O21 will be Shaan's 576th film!|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/770886/did-you-know-operation-o21-will-be-shaans-576th-film|website=[[The Express Tribune]]|quote=To date, he has acted in 388 Punjabi films and 188 Urdu films.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

أمہ چھِ پٲکستانس مَنٛز واریاہ اعزاز زیٖنمٕتہ یمن مَنٛز اَکھ پرائڈ آف پرفارمنس، پندہ نگار ایوارڈز پانژ لکس سٹائل ایوارڈز اَکھ پاکستان میڈیا ایوارڈ اے آر وائی فِلِم ایوارڈ شٲمل چھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=28 April 2014|title=Shaan Shahid Best Actor for ''Waar''|url=http://www.diggvideo.com/ary-film-awards-2014-best-actor-male-shaan-for-film-waar_1a9a5ae5d.html|access-date=16 August 2014|publisher=Fashion Universe}}&lt;/ref&gt;

شان چھِ پٲکستانس مَنٛز ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ پونٛسہٕ زینن وول فِلمی اداکار مانٛنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Shaan Shahid, Fawad Khan, Mahira Khan: Pakistan's highest paid actors|url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/CEL-fawad-khan-mahira-khan-the-highest-earning-pakistani-actors-4813597-PHO.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141123062538/http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/CEL-fawad-khan-mahira-khan-the-highest-earning-pakistani-actors-4813597-PHO.html|archive-date=23 November 2014|access-date=15 August 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==اِبتدٲے زِندگی==

ارمُغان شاہِد، یُس پتہٕ شان ناوٕ زاننہٕ آو، زاو لاہورس مَنٛز ہدایت کار [[رِیاض شاہِد]] تہٕ اداکٲر [[نیٖلو]]ہس ، یٔمؠ تھیٹر، فِلِم تہٕ ٹیلی وِجنس مَنٛز کٲم کٔر۔ أمہِ سُنٛد مول اوس [[لوہوٗر|لاہورُک]] [[کٲشِرؠ مُسَلمان|کٲشِرِ نسلُک مُسلمان]]، ییٚلہِ زن أمہِ سٕنٛز موج ٲس [[پنجٲبؠ گاڈ|پنجٲبہِ]] [[عیٖسٲیِیَتھ|عیسٲیِیہ]] ییٚمہِ پتہٕ اِسلام قبوٗل کوٚر۔

==پیٚشہٕ==

===اداکار===
شانَن کٔر گۄڈٕنِچہِ لَٹہِ 1990 تھس مَنٛز سٲتھی نٔوؠ یِنہٕ واجنہِ ریما خانَس سٟتہِ بُلندی یَس سٟتہِ وُچھنہٕ۔ تنہٕ پیٚٹھٕ كٕر أمہِ [[اُردوٗ زَبان|اردوٗ]] تہٕ [[پَنٛجٲبؠ زَبان|پنجٲبہِ]] دۄشوٕنی ہِنٛزن ہتہٕ بدین فِلمن مَنٛز اداکٲری کٔر۔

===ڈائریکٹر===

أمؠ چھِ ڈائریکٹر سٕنٛدؠ پٲٹھؠ کأم تہٕ کران۔

==ذٲتی زِندگی==

أمہِ کوٚر آمیٖنہِ شان سٟتہِ خانٛدَر تہٕ یِمن چھِ ژور کورِ: بہشتہِ بریٖن شاہِد، نوٗرِیہ شاہِد، شاہبانو شاہِد، تہٕ رانیہ شاہِد۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ مُسَلمان]]
[[زٲژ:1971 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>s0ixaxvk2ebco518lvlyosun0tq1obb</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سارہ مللی</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24551</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147549</id>
      <parentid>129035</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T05:43:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147549</origin>
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      <text bytes="861" sha1="2kbjco3sluqpmcwp8jf7j7wgekax6ds" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ}}
ڈیم سارہ الزبتھ مللی (پیدٲیش 26 مارٕچ 1962 باؤزر) چھ اَکھ انگریز اینگلیکن چرچ لیڈر تہٕ اَکھ سٲبقہٕ نرس&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=The Rt Revd and Rt Hon Dame Sarah Mullally DBE to become 106th Archbishop of Canterbury  {{!}} The Archbishop of Canterbury|url=https://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/news/news-and-statements/rt-revd-and-rt-hon-dame-sarah-mullally-dbe-become-106th-archbishop|access-date=2025-10-08|website=The Archbishop of Canterbury|language=en|archive-date=2025-10-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251003101017/https://www.archbishopofcanterbury.org/news/news-and-statements/rt-revd-and-rt-hon-dame-sarah-mullally-dbe-become-106th-archbishop|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>2kbjco3sluqpmcwp8jf7j7wgekax6ds</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>شاکِب خان</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24581</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147643</id>
      <parentid>118797</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:28:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147643</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6114" sha1="fqkr9jkuzc4hdhjani7fr2u7zrob9oa" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person/Wikidata|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=No}}

'''مسعوٗد رانا شیخ''' (پیدٲیش 28 مارٕچ 1979) ، یس سٹیجک ناو '''شاکِب خان''' سٟتؠ مشہوٗر چھُ، چھِ اَکھ [[بَنٛگلہ دیٖش|بنگلادیشی]] اداکار تہٕ فِلِم ساز یس [[بَنٛگٲلؠ زَبان|بنٛگٲلہ]] فلمن مَنٛز چھ کٲم کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;originpa&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.prothomalo.com/entertainment/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%93%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%9F-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC-%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0|title=তারকাদের আসল বাড়ি বাড়িতে কম যাওয়া হয় শাকিব খানের|first=Nuton|last=Sheikh|date=22 June 2017|accessdate=13 April 2025|journal=[[Prothom Alo]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810110612/https://www.prothomalo.com/entertainment/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%93%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%9F-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC-%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0|archivedate=10 August 2024|trans_title=Real home of stars, Shakib Khan's hometown house is rarely visited}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=|first=|date=2024-01-20|title=অভিনেতা থেকে ব্যবসায়ী শাকিব খান|url=https://www.prothomalo.com/video/entertainment/1jr04bv4b2|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240124090807/https://www.prothomalo.com/video/entertainment/1jr04bv4b2|archive-date=24 January 2024|access-date=2024-01-24|website=[[Prothom Alo]]|language=bn}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2023-10-26|title=Shakib Khan set to star Pan-Indian film 'Dard' alongside Sonal Chauhan|url=https://www.tbsnews.net/splash/shakib-khan-set-star-pan-indian-film-dard-alongside-sonal-chauhan-726942|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240308101652/https://www.tbsnews.net/splash/shakib-khan-set-star-pan-indian-film-dard-alongside-sonal-chauhan-726942|archive-date=8 March 2024|access-date=2024-06-22|website=[[The Business Standard]]|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; سہ چھ بٔڑس پیمانس پؠٹھ بنٛگٲلہ سیٚنماہس مَنٛز ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ مشہوٗر شخصیتن مَنٛز اَکھ ماننہٕ یوان ییٚمؠ سنٛد پیشورانہٕ زندگی لگ بگ دۄن [[دہائ|دہاین]] تہٕ 250 فلمہٕ پیٚٹھ پھولِتھ چھِ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2024-06-16|title='তুফান' ট্রেলারে দুই বাংলা জুড়ে শাকিব বন্দনা|url=https://www.channelionline.com/shakib-khan-toofan-trailer/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622042716/https://www.channelionline.com/shakib-khan-toofan-trailer/|archive-date=22 June 2024|access-date=2024-06-22|website=চ্যানেল আই অনলাইন|language=en-US|quote=In the trailer of the 250th film of his career, megastar Shakib Khan appears to have showcased a new magic! The much-anticipated trailer of the film Toofan has been released online.}}&lt;/ref&gt; میڈیاہس مَنٛز &quot;کنگ خان&quot; ناوٕ سٟتؠ وننہٕ ینہٕ وول، خان چھ ہم عصر فِلِم انڈسٹری، دھلی ووڈ پروپیلر تہٕ چھ بَنٛگلہ دیش تہٕ [[مَغرَبی بَنٛگال|مغربی بنگالس]] مَنٛز سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ معاوضہ ننہٕ والؠن اداکارن مَنٛز اَکھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=বাংলাদেশ|first=Daily Bangladesh :: ডেইলি|title=Shakib returns Tk 40 lakh, remuneration now 1cr after 'Priyotoma'|url=https://www.daily-bangladesh.com/english/entertainment/86916|access-date=2024-06-24|website=Daily Bangladesh|language=en|archive-date=2024-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624203918/https://www.daily-bangladesh.com/english/entertainment/86916|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2023-09-12|title=Is Shakib Khan really charging 1 crore for a film?|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/entertainment/tv-film/news/shakib-khan-really-charging-1-crore-film-3417086|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624203913/https://www.thedailystar.net/entertainment/tv-film/news/shakib-khan-really-charging-1-crore-film-3417086|archive-date=24 June 2024|access-date=2024-06-24|website=The Daily Star|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Ershad Kamol|date=10 August 2018|title=I'm hopeful of global release of my films: Shakib Khan|url=https://www.newagebd.net/article/48039/im-hopeful-of-global-release-of-my-films-shakib-khan|accessdate=27 June 2020|journal=New Age|language=en|archivedate=29 June 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629142457/https://www.newagebd.net/article/48039/im-hopeful-of-global-release-of-my-films-shakib-khan}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

2024 مَنٛز میٛوٗل خانس [[مُتحدہ عرب امارات|متحدہ عرب اماراتک]] گولڈن ویزا۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=|date=6 May 2024|title=Shakib Khan gets UAE golden visa|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/showtime/345791/shakib-khan-getting-the-emirates-golden-visa|access-date=18 August 2025|website=Dhaka Tribune|language=En}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Bu Abdullah Group celebrates Bangladeshi superstar Shakib Khan and promotes upcoming film Toofan at press conference|url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/kt-network/bu-abdullah-group-celebrates-bangladeshi-superstar-shakib-khan-and-promotes-upcoming-film-toofan-at|access-date=2025-08-18|website=Khaleej Times|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==پیٚشہٕ==

أمؠ کوٚر پننہِ پیشُک شروٗعات 1999 مَنٛز انَنٛت بھالو بھاشو فلمہِ مَنٛز ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:بَنٛگلہ دیٖشی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>fqkr9jkuzc4hdhjani7fr2u7zrob9oa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>شوبنوم ببلی</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24587</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147660</id>
      <parentid>118794</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:34:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147660</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4182" sha1="4mi09lyl98tzqv15mzd3k6wsa0azx2v" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person/Wikidata|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=No|birth_place=[[ڈھاکہ]]|children=شہزاد خان بیٖر|noicon=Yes}}

'''شوبنوم یسمین ببلی''' یوٚس پیشورانہٕ طور '''شوبنوم ببلی''' ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ چھ یوان، چھےٚ اَکھ [[بَنٛگلہ دیٖش|بنگلادیشی]] فلمی اداکأر تہٕ برٛونٛہہ خبرٕ پیش کرن واجیٚنؠ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Bubly turns heads|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/arts-entertainment/bubly-turns-heads-1334353|journal=The Daily Star|date=23 December 2016|accessdate=30 June 2017|archivedate=15 August 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815024711/http://www.thedailystar.net/arts-entertainment/bubly-turns-heads-1334353}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailyinqilab.com/article/19003/%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF|journal=The Daily Inqilab|language=bn|accessdate=2018-06-03|archivedate=2019-04-14|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414213635/https://www.dailyinqilab.com/article/19003/%25E0%25A6%2596%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25B0-%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A0%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25BE-%25E0%25A6%25A5%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%2587-%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BC%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25BE-%25E0%25A6%25B9%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%25A8-%25E0%25A6%25B6%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A6%25AE-%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A7%2581%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A6%25BF}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.banglanews24.com/entertainment/news/bd/517544.details|journal=BanglaNews24.com|date=11 September 2016|language=bn|accessdate=29 June 2017|archivedate=28 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628033336/http://www.banglanews24.com/entertainment/news/bd/517544.details}}&lt;/ref&gt; ببلی چھےٚ زیٛادٕ تر [[شاکِب خان]] سۭتی خانٛدرٕ باپتھ زاننہٕ یوان ییٚمہ سۭتؠ أمہِ 2016 ہس مَنٛز فِلِم ''بوسگیری'' مَنٛز اداکٲری ہنٛز شروٗعات کٔر تہٕ اَمہِ پتہٕ چھ دۄشوے واریاہ لٹہِ سٟتؠ کٲم کٔرمٕژ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|trans_title=Bubly debuts with Bossgiri|url=http://www.kalerkantho.com/print-edition/rangberang/2016/05/15/358560|language=bn|journal=Kaler Kantho|date=May 2016|accessdate=22 May 2016|archivedate=4 June 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604094035/http://www.kalerkantho.com/print-edition/rangberang/2016/05/15/358560}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ind19Mar2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Shooting of Bubly's third film in final stage|url=http://www.theindependentbd.com/arcprint/details/86057/2017-03-19|journal=The Independent|location=Dhaka|date=19 March 2017|accessdate=2017-06-30|archivedate=2017-08-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815024219/http://www.theindependentbd.com/arcprint/details/86057/2017-03-19}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/arts-entertainment/film/double-dose-bubly-eid-ul-azha-1432705|title=A double dose of Bubly on Eid-ul Azha|date=14 July 2017|journal=The Daily Star|accessdate=2017-08-14|language=en|archivedate=2017-08-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815024859/http://www.thedailystar.net/arts-entertainment/film/double-dose-bubly-eid-ul-azha-1432705}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==اِبتدٲے زِندگی==

ببلی زاے [[ڈھاکہ]]، بنگلہ دیشس مَنٛز۔

==ذٲتی زِندگی==

أمؠ کوٚر 2016 ہس مَنٛز [[شاکِب خان|شاکِب خانس]] سٟتؠ خاندر تہٕ یِمَن چھُ اَکھ نیٚچُو '''شہزاد خان بیٖر''' ناو، یُس 21 مارٕچ 2020 [[اَمریٖکہ|امریکہَس]] مَنٛز زامُت اوس۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:بَنٛگلہ دیٖشی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>زایِد بِن سُلطان آل نِہیان</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24713</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147534</id>
      <parentid>119452</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T05:33:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147534</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1896" sha1="qhceyzxky7l0yj23unvn2f4iqtyriwi" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person/Wikidata|abovestyle=background:#cbe|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=No}}

'''زایِد بِن سُلطان آل نِہیان''' (Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan) [[امارات ابوٗظہبی|ابوٗظہبی ہُک]] امیر تہٕ [[مُتحدہ عرب امارات|متحدہ عرب اماراتچ]] تشکیٖل دِنس مَنٛز مرکزی کِردار۔ سُہ چھُ [[مُتحدہ عرب امارات|متحدہ عرب اماراتُک]] گۄڈنیُک صدٕر تہِ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;B2013&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Helene von Bismarck|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Iih_tdb1rlIC&amp;pg=PT155|title=British Policy in the Persian Gulf, 1961–1968: Conceptions of Informal Empire|date=29 March 2013|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-1-137-32673-7|page=183|quote=On the evening of 4 August, a letter was eventually delivered to Nuttall in the political agency in Abu Dhabi, stating the desire of the 'Heads and lawful representatives of [the] Ruling family' to depose the ruler and asking the British Government for its help in removing him from the shaikhdom|access-date=14 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==اِبتدٲے زِندگی تہٕ عیال==

زایِد اوس شیخ سُلطان بِن خلیفہ النہیان سٕنٛدؠو ژورَو نیٚچویو مَنٛز سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ لۄکُٹ۔ تٔمؠ سُنٛد مول اوس 1922 پؠٹھٕ 1926 ہَس مَنٛز تٔمؠ سٕنٛدِس مرنَس تام [[ابوٗظہبی]] ہُک حُکُمران۔ زایِد اوس پننیٛو ژورو باین مَنٛز سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ لۄکُٹ۔

==موتھ==

2 نَوَمبَر 2004 گُزریو زایِد 86 ؤری وٲنٛسہِ۔ سُہ اوس [[ذیابیٖطٔس|شُگَر]] تہٕ [[بۄکؤٹ|بۄکہٕ وَچن]] ہٕنٛدِس مسلس مَنٛز مُبتلا۔

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:1918 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:2004 وَفات]]</text>
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    <title>سوئس سالٛم</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="488" sha1="niem7r2onqjkc9m3g3wnzr8rq08j8eh" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox anthem|english_title=سوئس زَبوٗر|music_date=1835, 1841}}

'''سوئس سالٛم''' (ترجمہٕ :سوئس [[زَبوٗر]]) چھُ [[سوِزر لینٛڈ|سوِزر لینٛڈُک]] [[قومی ترانہٕ]]۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-23550915|title=Swiss to launch national anthem competition in 2014|work=BBC News|date=2 August 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:سوِزر لینٛڈ]]
[[زٲژ:قومی ترانہٕ]]</text>
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    <title>اَلبیرِک زویسِگ</title>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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فادر '''اَلبیرِک'''  یا اَلبیرِک زویسِگ (17 نَوَمبَر 1808-18 نَوَمبَر 1854) اوس اَکھ سیسٹرشین رٲہب یمو 1841 مَنٛز [[سوئس زبور]] یُس موجودٕ [[سوِزر لینٛڈ|سوئس]] [[قومی ترانہٕ]] چھَ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Baker Bio&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Slonimsky|first=Nicolas|title=Baker's Biographical dictionary of musicians.|url=https://archive.org/details/bakersbiographic0000slon_r6j8|publisher=Schirmer Books|year=1978|isbn=0-02-870240-9|edition=6th|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bakersbiographic0000slon_r6j8/page/1955 1955]|chapter=Zwyssig, Alberich}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==زِندگی ==

سُہ اوس باونس مَنٛز زامُت تہٕ 1821 پؠٹھ 1841 تام اوس ویٹنگن ایبیس مَنٛز روزان، تہٕ اکس رٲہب، پادری، وۄستاد، سیکرٹری تہٕ کوئر ماسٹر کِس طورس پؠٹھ کٲم کران۔

1854 مَنٛز، تم کٔر [[بریگینز]] کِس مہریروس مَنٛز برٛونٛہہ خانقاہ کِس دوبارٕ بُنیادس مَنٛز حصہٕ مگر کیہن رؠتہٕ پتہٕ گُزریو تتہِ۔

==حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:سوِش لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1808 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:1854 وَفات]]</text>
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        <id>8158</id>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''ڈایٔیکلیوفینک''' یُس '''وولٹارین''' برانڈ ناوس تحت کٕنٛنہٕ چھُ یِوان، چھُ اَکھ اینٹی سٹیرایڈیل اینٹی سوزش دَوا (NSAID) یُس دَگ تہٕ ورم ہنٛز بیمارن ہنٛد عیلاج کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ چھُ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ یَتھ کٔنؠ زن گوٹھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھُ ٲس ذٔریعہٕ نِنہٕ یوان، ریکٹلی یا انجیکشن کہ ذٔریع اِستِمال کرنہٕ یوان، یا ژمہِ پؠٹھ لگاونہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;inject&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Chung|first=CH|title=The use of Injectable Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Local Accident &amp; Emergency Practice|journal=Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine|date=11 December 2017|volume=9|issue=2|pages=65–71|doi=10.1177/102490790200900201}}&lt;/ref&gt; دَگہ مَنٛز بہتری چھےٚ ٲٹھن گھنٹن تام روزان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھُ [[میٛادٕ]] کہِ مسلہٕ کم کرنٕچ کوٗششہ مَنٛز مایسوپروسٹول سٟتؠ تہِ دستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF74&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=British national formulary : BNF 74|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf74september200000join|date=2017|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=978-0857112989|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bnf74september200000join/page/1033 1033]–1035|edition=74}}&lt;/ref&gt;

عام ضمنی اثراتس مَنٛز چھ [[یڈ دَگ|یڈ دگ]]، اندرمن خون یُن، اُلٹی باسٕن، چکرٕ، [[کَلہٕ دود]] تہٕ [[ورم]] شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; سنگین مُضِر اثراتن مَنٛز ہؠکن دلٕچ بؠمار، فالج، بۄکوچن مسلہٕ، تہٕ میادُک زخم شٲمل ٲستھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF74&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; حملٕچ ترٛیٚیمس حصس مَنٛز چھنہٕ یہِ اِستِمال کرنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھ ممکنہٕ طور پٲنٹھ دۄدھ دینس دوران مۄحفوٗظ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF74&quot; /&gt; خیال چھُ یوان کرنہٕ ز یہٕ چھ پروسٹگینڈنچ پیداوار کم کٔرِتھ کٲم کران۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Mosby's Drug Reference for Health Professions|date=2017|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=9780323566827|page=398|url=https://books.google.com/?id=KOM2DwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA398|access-date=30 April 2020|archive-date=28 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828062140/https://books.google.com/books?id=KOM2DwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA398&amp;hl=en|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہٕ چھُ سایکلوکسجنیز-1 (COX-1) تہٕ سایکلوکسجینیز-2 (COX۔ 2) دونونی بلاک کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt;

ڈیکلوفینک اوس 1965 مَنٛز سیبا گیگیک ذریعہٕ پیٹنٹ کرنہٕ آمت۔ یہٕ آو 1988 مَنٛز ریاستہاے متحدس مَنٛز طبی استعمالس مَنٛز اننہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Fischer|first=Janos|title=Analogue-based drug discovery|date=2006|publisher=Wiley-VCH|isbn=978-3527312573|page=517}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ [[عام دوا]] کِس طورس پیٚٹھ دستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2018&quot; /&gt; ترقی پذیر دُنؠ‌یاہس مَنٛز چھ تھوک قٟمَتھ عام طور 2015 ہس تام فی رؠتہٕ 2 امریکی ڈالر کھۄتہٕ کم۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Diclofenac Sodium|url=http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=256&amp;searchYear=2015|website=International Medical Products Price Guide|access-date=4 December 2019|archive-date=19 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230819121913/https://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=256&amp;searchYear=2015|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; ریاستہاے متحدس مَنٛز چھ اَمہِ رقمک تھوک خرچہٕ عام طور 2018 ہس تام 9 امریکی ڈالر کھۄتہٕ کم۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=NADAC as of 2018-12-19|url=https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2018-12-19/g7bs-ahj4|website=Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services|access-date=22 December 2018|archive-date=19 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219230344/https://data.medicaid.gov/Drug-Pricing-and-Payment/NADAC-as-of-2018-12-19/g7bs-ahj4|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2017 مَنٛز، اوس یہِ ریاستہاے متحدس مَنٛز 94 ہم سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ عام طور پٲنٹھ تجویز کرنہٕ آمت دَوا، یَتھ مَنٛز ٲٹھ ملین کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ نسخہٕ ٲس۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=The Top 300 of 2020|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|website=ClinCalc|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=12 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210212142534/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Diclofenac - Drug Usage Statistics|website=ClinCalc|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Diclofenac|access-date=11 April 2020|archive-date=12 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210312040710/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Diclofenac|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ سوڈیم تہٕ پوٹاشیم سالٹ دۄشوٕنی ہٕنٛدس طورس پیٚٹھ دٔستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF74&quot; /&gt;

== حوالہ جات ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[زٲژ:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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    <title>سونوٗ نِگَم</title>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147583</origin>
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| embed              = yes
| background         = solo_singer
| instrument         = [[اِنسٲنؠ آواز | آواز]]
}}}}

'''سونوٗ نِگَم''' (پیدٲیش 30 جُلَے 1973) چھ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ پلے بیک گلوکار، میوزک ڈائریکٹر، ڈبِنٛگ آرٹسٹ تہٕ [[اداکار]]&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=30 July 2019|title=Sonu Nigam Birthday: The 10 Absolute Best Songs from the Singer|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/sonu-nigam-birthday-the-5-absolute-best-songs-from-the-singer-2250985.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626034126/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/sonu-nigam-birthday-the-5-absolute-best-songs-from-the-singer-2250985.html|archive-date=26 June 2020|access-date=22 June 2020|website=News18}}&lt;/ref&gt;یہِ چھُ ہِندوستٲنؠ موٗسیٖقی مَنٛز سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ ورسٹائل تہٕ پُر اشر آوازن مَنٛز اَکھ ماننہٕ یِوان۔ نِگمن گیو [[ہِندی زَبان|ہندی]]، [[کننڑ زَبان|کنڑ]]، [[بَنٛگٲلؠ زَبان|بنٛگٲلؠ]]، [[تٲمِل زَبان|تامل]]، [[تؠلِگوٗ زَبان|تیلگوٗ]]، [[مَرٲٹھؠ زَبان|مراٹھہِ]] تہٕ [[نؠپٲلؠ زَبان|نیپٲلہِ]] سان واریاہَن ہندوستٲنہِ زبانَن مَنٛز۔

==اِبتدٲیی زندگی==

نِگم زاو [[فرید آباد]]، [[ہَرِیانا|ہریانہ]] ہس مَنٛز گلوکار آگام کمار نِگم تہٕ شوبھا نِگمس ۔ تٔمہِ کوٚر ژور وُہُر وٲنٛسہِ مَنٛز پرفارم کرُن شۆروٗع تہٕ پتہٕ گوٚو پلے بیک گؠونُک پیشہٕ بناونہٕ خٲطرٕ ممبئی ۔ أمہِ کٔر اُستاد [[غلام مُصطفیٰ خان|غلام مُصطفیٰ خانس]] نِش کلاسیکی موسیٖقی ہِنٛز تربِیت۔

== پیٚشہٕ ==

نِگمن کٔر 1990 کِس دہلِس مَنٛز اَچھا سِلا دیا تہٕ سنٛڈیٖس آٹے ہیں ہِویٚو بٲتو سٕتہِ شہرت حٲصِل۔ أمؠ سٕنٛزن مشہوٗر کامین مَنٛز چھِ کل ہو نا ہو، سورج ہوا مدھم، تہٕ ابھی مجھ میں کہیں شٲمِل۔ تٔمؠ چھُ کنڑ سنیماہَس مَنٛز تہِ بٔڑِس پیمانَس پؠٹھ گیومُت تہٕ دیوانہ (1999) ہِوؠ کامیاب پاپ البم تہِ چھِ ریلیز کٔرمٕتؠ۔

==موسیٖقی ہُنٛد انداز==

پنِنہِ ہُنَر خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ یِنہٕ وول نِگم سُنٛد ذخیرٕ چھُ کلاسیکل، رومانوی تہٕ پاپ صنفَن پؠٹھ پھٔلِتھ۔ أمؠ سٕنٛزِ اِظہار آوازِ تہٕ قوبوٗ چھُ واریٛاہ ہم کال ہِندوستٲنؠ گلوکار مُتٲثِر کوٚرمُت۔

==ذٲتی زِندگی ==

أمِس چھُ مدھُرِما نِگَمس سٕتہِ خانٛدر کٔرِتھ تہٕ یِمن چھُ اَکھ نیٚچُو، نِیوان نِگَم۔ سُہ چھُ دنیاہس مَنٛز پرفارم کران تہٕ پلے بیک تہٕ آزاد موٗسیٖقی دۄشوٕنی مَنٛز سرگرم۔

==تنازٕ ==
16 اپریل 2017 ہس مَنٛز کٔر تٔمؠ أکِس ٹویٹس مَنٛز شکایت زِ '[[بانٛگ|اذان]]' ([[مُسلمان|مسلمانن]] ہٕنٛز [[بانٛگ]]) چھِ زبردستی مذہبیت دِنہٕ آمٕژ۔
{{blockquote|
# &quot;[[دَے]] کرِ سارِنٕے رحم۔ بہٕ چُھس نہٕ مسلمان تہٕ بہٕ چُھس صبحٲے بانٛگ بوزِتھ وتھُن پؠوان۔ ہِندوستانس منٛز کر گژھہِ یہ جبری مذہبیت ختم۔&quot;
# &quot;تہٕ ویسے محمدس اوس نہٕ بِجلی ییلہِ تٔمؠ اِسلام بنو۔. ایڈیسنس پتہٕ کیازِ چُھ مےٚ یہٕ شور گژھان؟&quot;
# &quot;بہٕ چھُس نہٕ کُنہِ تہِ مندرس یا گرودوارَس پیٹھ یقین تھاوان یِم نہٕ مذہبٕچ پیروی کرن وٲلؠ لُکھ بیدار کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ بِجلی اِستعمال کٔرِتھ۔ تیلہِ کیازِ..؟ ایماندار؟ صحیٖح؟&quot;
# &quot; گُنڈا گردی چھےٚ بس...&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Sonu Nigam goes on a with Monday morning Twitter, calls the Azaan 'forced religiousness'|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/sonu-nigam-goes-on-a-monday-morning-twitter-rant-calls-the-azaan-forced-religiousness/articleshow/58217107.cms?from=mdr|access-date=10 August 2020|archive-date=11 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011211406/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/sonu-nigam-goes-on-a-monday-morning-twitter-rant-calls-the-azaan-forced-religiousness/articleshow/58217107.cms?from=mdr|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
2025 ہَس مَنٛز کٔر نِگمن نامزدگی مَنٛز خٲرج گژھنہٕ پتہٕ مبینہٕ تعصب خٲطرٕ آیفا ایوارڈَس پؠٹھ تنقیٖد۔ بنگلور کِس أکِس کنسرٹَس مَنٛز [[2025 پَہَلگام حملہٕ|پہلگام حملُک]] حوالہٕ دِنہٕ آمٕتؠ تبصرٕ پتہٕ پیوٚو أمِس ردعمل ہُنٛد سامنہٕ، ییٚمہِ سٟتؠ پُلسہٕ شِکایت آیہِ کرنہٕ۔ پتہٕ آو تمہِ سٕنٛدِ معٲفی منگنہٕ باوجوٗد تہنٛد بٲتھ کننڑ فِلمہِ مَنٛز ہٹاونہٕ۔

===2025 کٔشیٖر مَنٛز حالات===

نِگم چھُ 26 اکتوبر 2025 [[ڈَل سَر|جیٖل ڈل]]، [[سِریٖنَگَر|سرینگرس]] مَنٛز [[مُحمد رفیع|محمد رفیع]] سندِس اعزازس مَنٛز اکِس گؠوَن محفِلس مَنٛز پیش کرُن۔ مگر بانٛگہِ پؠٹھ أمؠ سٕنٛدؠو پٔتِمؠو اِختِلافَو سٟتؠ گوٚو کٲشِرؠ لوٗکَن مَنٛز تہِ [[شَرارَتھ]] پٲدٕ یِم أمؠ سٕنٛدِس کونسرٹ شووُک بائیکاٹ کرُن مُطالعہٕ کران چھِ۔

==یَنام==

نِگمَس چھِ واریاہ اعزاز حٲصِل کٔرمٕتؠ، یِمَن مَنٛز کل ہو نا ہو باپتھ نیشنل فِلِم ایوارڈ تہٕ لتا منگیشکر سمان النکرن ایوارڈ (2025) ہِندوستٲنؠ موسیٖقی مَنٛز أمؠ سٕنٛدِ دِتہِ باپتھ شٲمِل چھِ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="14309" sha1="pe5462wqruouwwlsolyirvce6042anz" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox ethnic group||group=سویڈِش لوٗکھ&lt;br /&gt;{{lang|sv|svenskar}}|image=Map of the Swedish Diaspora in the World.svg|pop={{circa}} 13 مِلین{{ref label|a|a}}|popplace={{flagcountry|Sweden}}{{nbsp|6}} {{circa}} 8 ملین
{{center|&lt;small&gt;Other significant population centers:&lt;/small&gt;}}|region1='''سویڈِش شہری نیٚبرِمؠن ملکن منٛز'''|pop1={{circa}} 546,000{{ref label|b|b}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Hedlund2011&quot;/&gt;|region2=سویڈِش تارکین وطن|pop2={{circa}} 4.5–5 ملین|region3={{flagcountry|USA}}|pop3=4,347,703 {{small|(2013; ancestry)}}&lt;ref name=&quot;US Census ACS-09-1yr-B04003&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_09_1YR_B04003&amp;prodType=table|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150215231840/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_09_1YR_B04003&amp;prodType=table|archive-date=15 February 2015|title=American FactFinder – Results|author=U.S. Census Bureau|website=Factfinder2.census.gov|access-date=20 August 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;29,000 {{small|(Swedish citizens)}}&lt;ref name=&quot;US Census ACS-09-1yr-B04003&quot;/&gt;|region4={{flagcountry|Canada}}|pop4=341,845 {{small|([[Canada 2011 Census|2011]]; ancestry}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Swedes&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?TABID=2&amp;LANG=E&amp;APATH=3&amp;DETAIL=0&amp;DIM=0&amp;FL=A&amp;FREE=0&amp;GC=0&amp;GID=1118296&amp;GK=0&amp;GRP=0&amp;PID=105396&amp;PRID=0&amp;PTYPE=105277&amp;S=0&amp;SHOWALL=0&amp;SUB=0&amp;Temporal=2013&amp;THEME=95&amp;VID=0&amp;VNAMEE=&amp;VNAMEF=&amp;D1=0&amp;D2=0&amp;D3=0&amp;D4=0&amp;D5=0&amp;D6=0 |author=Statistics Canada |title=2011 National Household Survey: Data tables |date=8 May 2013 |access-date=8 March 2014 |author-link=Statistics Canada |archive-date=24 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224190955/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?TABID=2&amp;LANG=E&amp;APATH=3&amp;DETAIL=0&amp;DIM=0&amp;FL=A&amp;FREE=0&amp;GC=0&amp;GID=1118296&amp;GK=0&amp;GRP=0&amp;PID=105396&amp;PRID=0&amp;PTYPE=105277&amp;S=0&amp;SHOWALL=0&amp;SUB=0&amp;Temporal=2013&amp;THEME=95&amp;VID=0&amp;VNAMEE=&amp;VNAMEF=&amp;D1=0&amp;D2=0&amp;D3=0&amp;D4=0&amp;D5=0&amp;D6=0%20 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;26,000 {{small|(sole ancestry)}}&lt;small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Swedes&quot; /&gt;|region5={{flag|فِن لینٛڈ}}|pop5={{circa}} 290,000 {{small|(2008)}}{{ref label|c|c}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://tilastokeskus.fi/til/vaerak/2008/vaerak_2008_2009-03-27_tie_001_fi.html|title=Tilastokeskus – Väestörakenne 2008|first=Markus|last=Rapo|website=tilastokeskus.fi|access-date=2 March 2010|archive-date=9 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200409152023/http://tilastokeskus.fi/til/vaerak/2008/vaerak_2008_2009-03-27_tie_001_fi.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hedlund2011&quot;&gt;Ewa Hedlund (2011) &quot;''[http://www.issuu.com/swedesabroad/docs/utvandrare.nu Utvandrare.nu – Från emigrant till global svensk] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020064149/http://www.issuu.com/swedesabroad/docs/utvandrare.nu |date=20 October 2017 }}''&quot;. Föreningen svenskar i världen. p. 42 {{ISBN|978-91-979795-0-4}}&lt;/ref&gt;|region6={{flagcountry|United Kingdom}}|pop6=100,000&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://londonsvenskar.com/about-us/ |title=About us |website=Londonsvenskar.com |publisher=LondonSwedes |access-date=23 December 2016 |quote=Approximately 100 000 Swedes live in London and the UK, with about 500 000 Swedish tourists visiting the UK capital annually. |archive-date=13 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413205046/https://www.londonsvenskar.com/about-us/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|region7={{flagcountry|Norway}}|pop7=36,887&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/selectvarval/saveselections.asp Personer med innvandringsbakgrunn, etter innvandringskategori, landbakgrunn og kjønn] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020063802/https://www.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/selectvarval/saveselections.asp |date=20 October 2017 }} SSB, retrieved 13 July 2015&lt;/ref&gt;–90,000&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.utlandsjobb.nu/landsfakta/fakta-om-norge/ |title=Fakta om Norge |website=Utlandsjobb.nu |access-date=23 December 2016 |quote=90 000 svenskar bor i Norge |archive-date=24 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224102330/http://www.utlandsjobb.nu/landsfakta/fakta-om-norge/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;|region8={{flagcountry|Australia}}|pop8=46,699 {{small|(2021; ancestry)}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/quickstats/2021/2407_AUS |date=10 August 2021 |title=unknown title }} Reports 46,699 people of Swedish Ancestry&lt;/ref&gt;|region9={{flagcountry|France}}|pop9=30,000&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/suede/relations-bilaterales/|title=Relations bilatérales entre la Suède et la France|access-date=4 January 2023 |archive-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218153223/https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/suede/relations-bilaterales/ |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/suede/presentation-de-la-suede/|title=Présentation de la Suède|website=France Diplomatie : : Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères|access-date=6 August 2017|archive-date=15 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415033645/https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/dossiers-pays/suede/presentation-de-la-suede/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;|region10={{flagcountry|Germany}}|pop10=23,000&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.utlandsjobb.nu/landsfakta/fakta-om-tyskland/ |title=Fakta om Tyskland |website=Utlandsjobb.nu |access-date=23 December 2016 |quote=23 000 svenskar bor i Tyskland. |archive-date=24 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224170836/http://www.utlandsjobb.nu/landsfakta/fakta-om-tyskland/ }}&lt;/ref&gt;|region11=|pop11=|region12={{flagcountry|Spain}}|pop12=20,385&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ine.es/jaxi/Datos.htm?path=/t20/e245/p04/provi/l0/&amp;file=00000010.px|title=TablaPx|website=Ine.es|access-date=1 November 2020|archive-date=25 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525083953/http://www.ine.es/jaxi/Datos.htm?path=%2Ft20%2Fe245%2Fp04%2Fprovi%2Fl0%2F&amp;file=00000010.px|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;|region13={{flagcountry|Denmark}}|pop13=16,620&lt;ref name=&quot;Statistikbanken&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=Map Analyser | website=Statistikbanken | url=https://www.statistikbanken.dk/statbank5a/Graphics/MapAnalyser.asp?Maintable=FOLK1C&amp;PLanguage=0&amp;HERKOMST=TOT&amp;IELAND=5120&amp;OMR%C3%85DE=000&amp;K%C3%98N=TOT&amp;ALDER=IALT | language=da | access-date=15 May 2020 | archive-date=22 September 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922014157/https://www.statistikbanken.dk/statbank5a/Graphics/MapAnalyser.asp?Maintable=FOLK1C&amp;PLanguage=0&amp;HERKOMST=TOT&amp;IELAND=5120&amp;OMR%C3%85DE=000&amp;K%C3%98N=TOT&amp;ALDER=IALT | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|region14={{flagcountry|Thailand}}|pop14=15,000&lt;ref name=&quot;Little Stockholm rising in Hua Hin&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last1=Jariyasombat |first1=Peerawat |title=Swedes in Thailand|url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/life/social-and-lifestyle/1195557/little-stockholm-rising-in-hua-hin|access-date=13 April 2021|newspaper=Bangkok Post|date=9 February 2017 |archive-date=17 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417101717/https://www.bangkokpost.com/life/social-and-lifestyle/1195557/little-stockholm-rising-in-hua-hin|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;|region15={{flagcountry|Portugal}}|pop15=8,000&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=SEFSTAT|url=https://sefstat.sef.pt/Docs/Rifa2020.pdf|access-date=13 February 2022|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320102358/https://sefstat.sef.pt/Docs/Rifa2020.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web
|title=Portugal's Swedish NHR pensioners get the bad news
|url=https://www.portugalresident.com/portugals-swedish-nhr-pensioners-get-the-bad-news/
|access-date=28 May 2023
|archive-date=28 May 2023
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528091345/https://www.portugalresident.com/portugals-swedish-nhr-pensioners-get-the-bad-news/
|url-status=live
}}&lt;/ref&gt;|region16={{flagcountry|Russia}}|pop16=7,400&lt;ref name=&quot;Swedish people - Joshua Project&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Swedish people|url=https://www.joshuaproject.net/people_groups/15148|access-date=10 August 2020|website=Joshua Project|archive-date=21 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921041817/https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/15148|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;|region17={{flagcountry|Switzerland}}|pop17=6,800&lt;ref name=&quot;Swedish people - Joshua Project&quot;/&gt;|region18={{flagcountry|Belgium}}|pop18=4,600&lt;ref name=&quot;Swedish people - Joshua Project&quot;/&gt;|region19={{flagcountry|Netherlands}}|pop19=4,000&lt;ref name=&quot;Swedish people - Joshua Project&quot;/&gt;|region20={{flagcountry|Italy}}|pop20=3,233&lt;ref name=&quot;Tuttitalia.it&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=statistiche e distribuzione per regione | website=Tuttitalia.it | url=https://www.tuttitalia.it/statistiche/cittadini-stranieri/svezia/ | language=it | access-date=15 May 2020 | archive-date=8 February 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200208183255/https://www.tuttitalia.it/statistiche/cittadini-stranieri/svezia/ | url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;|region21={{flagcountry|Poland}}|pop21=2,560&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809205152/https://www.wiadomosci.onet.pl/swiat/czy-szwedzi-uciekaja-do-polski-dane-i-statystki-urzedow/90x3qqh.amp/ |url=https://www.wiadomosci.onet.pl/swiat/czy-szwedzi-uciekaja-do-polski-dane-i-statystki-urzedow/90x3qqh.amp/|title=Czy Szwedzi uciekają do Polski? Liczba przybywających osób od lat utrzymuje się na stałym poziomie|trans-title=Are the Swedes fleeing to Poland? The number of people arriving has remained steady for years|archive-date=9 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;|region22={{flagcountry|Turkey}}|pop22=2,500&lt;ref name=&quot;Swedish people - Joshua Project&quot;/&gt;|region23={{flagcountry|Greece}}|pop23=2,300&lt;ref name=&quot;Swedish people - Joshua Project&quot;/&gt;|region24={{flagcountry|Austria}}|pop24=2,000&lt;ref name=&quot;Swedish people - Joshua Project&quot;/&gt;|region25={{flagcountry|Japan}}|pop25=1,971&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.e-stat.go.jp/stat-search/files?page=1&amp;layout=datalist&amp;toukei=00250012&amp;tstat=000001018034&amp;cycle=1&amp;year=20240&amp;month=24101212&amp;tclass1=000001060399&amp;result_back=1&amp;tclass2val=0|title=2024年末在留外国人統計（旧登録外国人統計）|language=ja|date=11 July 2025|access-date=12 July 2025 |trans-title=Statistics on foreign residents (formerly registered statistics on foreigners) }}&lt;/ref&gt;|region26={{flagcountry|New Zealand}}|pop26=1,911 {{small|(2018; ancestry)}}&lt;ref name=&quot;2018 Census ethnic group profiles: Swedish&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.stats.govt.nz/tools/2018-census-ethnic-group-summaries/swedish|title=2018 Census ethnic group summaries &amp;#124; Stats NZ|website=www.stats.govt.nz|access-date=27 September 2021|archive-date=27 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927140317/https://www.stats.govt.nz/tools/2018-census-ethnic-group-summaries/swedish|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;|region27={{flagcountry|آئرلینٛڈ}}|pop27=1,800&lt;ref name=&quot;Swedish people - Joshua Project&quot;/&gt;|region28={{flagcountry|Luxembourg}}|pop28=1,600&lt;ref name=&quot;Swedish people - Joshua Project&quot;/&gt;|region29={{flagcountry|South Korea}}|pop29=1,420&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.immigration.go.kr/immigration/1569/subview.do?enc=Zm5jdDF8QEB8JTJGYmJzJTJGaW1taWdyYXRpb24lMkYyMjclMkY1ODg3MTIlMkZhcnRjbFZpZXcuZG8lM0ZwYXNzd29yZCUzRCUyNnJnc0JnbmRlU3RyJTNEJTI2YmJzQ2xTZXElM0QlMjZyZ3NFbmRkZVN0ciUzRCUyNmlzVmlld01pbmUlM0RmYWxzZSUyNnBhZ2UlM0QxJTI2YmJzT3BlbldyZFNlcSUzRCUyNnNyY2hDb2x1bW4lM0QlMjZzcmNoV3JkJTNEJTI2|title=2024년 9월 출입국외국인정책 통계월보）|language=ko|date=21 October 2024|access-date=19 November 2024 |trans-title=2024 September Immigration and Foreigner Policy Statistics Monthly Report}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{center|'''سویڈش کم تعداد منٛز اکھ زیوٗٹھ تَوٲریٖخ'''}}|region31={{flag|Estonia}}|pop31=811 {{small|(2021)}}&lt;ref name=&quot;2021 census, volume 2&quot;&gt;{{cite book|url=https://andmed.stat.ee/en/stat/rahvaloendus__rel2021__rahvastiku-demograafilised-ja-etno-kultuurilised-naitajad__rahvus-emakeel/RL21428/table/tableViewLayout2.|volume=2|year=2021|publisher=Statistikaamet (Statistical Office of Estonia)|language=et, en|isbn=978-9985-74-202-0|access-date=10 June 2022|title=2000 population and housing census|archive-date=17 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417101648/https://andmed.stat.ee/en/stat/rahvaloendus__rel2021__rahvastiku-demograafilised-ja-etno-kultuurilised-naitajad__rahvus-emakeel/RL21428|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;|region32={{flag|یوٗکریٖن}}|pop32={{circa}} 200 {{small|(2022)}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite thesis|title=Negotiating Imperial Rule Colonists and Marriage in the Nineteenth-century Black Sea Steppe|first=Julia|last=Malitska|type=PhD|date=2017|publisher=Södertörn University|location=Huddinge, Sweden|isbn=978-91-87843-93-8|url=https://sh.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1092923/FULLTEXT01.pdf|access-date=3 March 2021|archive-date=13 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220313012041/https://sh.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1092923/FULLTEXT01.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;|languages=[[سویڈش زبان|سویڈش]]|rels=بُنیٲدی طور [[لوتھرنزم|لوتھرن]] عیسائیت&lt;br /&gt;([[چرچ آف سویڈن]])&lt;ref name=&quot;svenskakyrkan 2015&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.svenskakyrkan.se/statistik|title=Statistik|website=Svenskakyrkan.se|access-date=20 August 2017|archive-date=1 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101191748/https://www.svenskakyrkan.se/statistik|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;|footnotes={{note|a|a}} The total figure is merely an estimation; sum of all the referenced populations who claim Swedish ancestry worldwide and as such might be misleading or exaggerated.&lt;br /&gt;{{note|b|b}} This figure overlaps with those listed under diaspora as most Swedish citizens have emigrated to those countries listed lower in the infobox.&lt;br /&gt;{{note|c|c|{{Excerpt|Swedish diaspora|Finland}}}}|native_name=|native_name_lang=}}
&lt;references /&gt;
'''سویڈِش ،''' یا '''سویڈِش لوٗکھ،''' چھُ [[سویٖڈن|سویڈنک]] روزن وول اَکھ [[نسلیت|نسلی گروپ]]، یم اَکھ مشترکہٕ نسب، ثقافت، تَوٲریخ تہٕ [[سویڈِش زَبان|زبانہٕ شریک]] چھِ۔
[[زٲژ:سِویٖڈِش لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''مِصری''' یا '''مِصری لوٗکھ''' چھِ اَکھ [[نسلیت|نسلی گروپ]] یُس [[مِصر|مصرٕچ]] [[وادی نیل|وادی نیلس]] مَنٛز چھِ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Goldschmidt|first=Arthur|title=A Brief History of Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/briefhistoryofeg00gold|publisher=Facts on File Inc|year=2008|isbn=978-0-8160-6672-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/briefhistoryofeg00gold/page/241 241]|quote=People: Ethnic groups: Egyptians (98%), Bedouins, Berbers, Nubians, Greeks.}}&lt;/ref&gt;  مِصری پہچان چھِ جغرافیہ سٟتؠ قریب سٟتؠ مُنسلک۔

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:مِصر]]
[[زٲژ:مِصری لوٗکھ]]</text>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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زیشان قادری چھُ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ لکھٲرؠ، اداکار، ہدایت کار تہٕ پروڈیوسر ییٚمؠ دٔلیٖل لیکھک  تہٕ [[بٲلی وُڈ|بالی ووڈ]] کرائم جینر فِلِم ''گینگز آف وسّی پور'' خٲطرٕ چھِ سکرین پلے تہٕ لیوٗکھمت، ییٚمیک ہدایت کار انوراگ کشیپ اوس۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Zeishan Quadri: A regular job wasn't my cup of tea|url=http://mytheatrecafe.com/actor-producer-zeishan-quadri-id-never-call-my-life-a-struggle|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208195302/http://www.mytheatrecafe.com/actor-producer-zeishan-quadri-id-never-call-my-life-a-struggle/|archive-date=8 December 2013|access-date=27 September 2013|publisher=mytheatrecafe}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2025 ہس مَنٛز کٔر أمہ [[بِگ بوس (ہِندی ٹی وی سیریٖز) سیزن 19|بِگ بوس 19]] ہس مَنٛز شِرکت۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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| [[مِصری ہیروگِلیفس]]
| [[یونٲنی أچَھر]] 
| [[لٲطِن أچَھر]]
| '''اَنٛگریٖزؠ أچَھر}}}}

[[جدید انگریزی]] چھُ [[لٲطِن لِکھٲرؠ نِظام]] سٟتؠ لیکھنہٕ یوان یَتھ مَنٛز 26 [[أچَھر|أچھر]] چھُ آسان، پرؠتھ اکس مَنٛز چھ بڑٕ تہٕ چٹھؠ زٕ شکلہٕ آسان۔ &amp;nbsp; لفظ ''الفابیٹ'' چھ ''الفا ڈک'' ''بیٹا'' ہک مرکب یُس [[یونٲنی أچَھر]] مَنٛز گۄڈنُیٛک زٕ أچھرن ہُنٛد ناو چھُ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Beker|first1=Henry|title=Cipher Systems: The Protection of Communications|url=https://archive.org/details/ciphersystemspro0000beke|last2=Piper|first2=Fred|publisher=[[Wiley-Interscience]]|year=1982|page=[https://archive.org/details/ciphersystemspro0000beke/page/397 397]}} Table also available from {{cite book|last=Lewand|first=Robert|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CyCcRAm7eQMC&amp;pg=PA36|title=Cryptological Mathematics|publisher=[[Mathematical Association of America]]|year=2000|isbn=978-0883857199|page=36}} and {{cite web|title=English letter frequencies|url=http://pages.central.edu/emp/LintonT/classes/spring01/cryptography/letterfreq.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080708193159/http://pages.central.edu/emp/LintonT/classes/spring01/cryptography/letterfreq.html|archive-date=2008-07-08|access-date=2008-06-25}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

5 [[أرؠ أچَھر]] تہٕ 19 [[زٔرؠ أچَھر]] چھِ- Y تہٕ W، یم کُنہٕ تہٕ قسمہٕ کہ طورس پؠٹھ کٲم ہیکان کرِتھ چھِ۔

==اَچھرن ہِنٛدؠ ناو==
[[File:Chart of the English alphabet from 1740 (from James Hoy, Irish Spelling-Book).png|thumb|English alphabet from 1740, with some unusual letter names.  Note the use of [[long s]].]]
{{Listen
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==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:لِکھٲرؠ نِظام]]
[[زٲژ:اَچھَر]]</text>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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سونیا کٔپوٗر چھےٚ اَکھ ہندوستٲنؠ ٹیلی وِجَن تہٕ فلمی اداکٲر یوٚس واریاہن ٹیلی وِجَن سیریزن تہٕ بالی ووڈ فلمن مَنٛز وٕچھنہٕ آمٕژ چھےٚ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Latest News, Trending Topics, Top Stories, HD Videos &amp; Photos, Live TV Channels, Lifestyle, Sports, Entertainment|url=http://www.in.com/sonia-kapoor/biography-542679.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913021408/http://www.in.com/sonia-kapoor/biography-542679.html|archive-date=13 September 2017|access-date=12 May 2018|website=In.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Himesh, Sonia part ways!|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-11-03/news-and-interviews/28263753_1_brave-front-lover-new-year-s-eve|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131001120329/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-11-03/news-and-interviews/28263753_1_brave-front-lover-new-year-s-eve|archive-date=1 October 2013|access-date=12 May 2018|website=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

أمہ کوٚر بالی ووڈ اداکار، گلوکار، موٗسیٖقی ہدایت کار [[ہِمیش ریشمیا|ہمیش ریشمیا]] سۭتہ 11 مئی 2018 ممبئی مَنٛز أکس ذٲتی تقریٖب مَنٛز خانٛدر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=12 May 2018|title=Himesh Reshammiya marries actor Sonia Kapoor, shares photos from midnight wedding|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/himesh-reshammiya-marries-actor-sonia-kapoor-shares-photos-from-midnight-wedding/story-wDvhD2f7LERKOQmZ3XgtJI.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180512095317/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/himesh-reshammiya-marries-actor-sonia-kapoor-shares-photos-from-midnight-wedding/story-wDvhD2f7LERKOQmZ3XgtJI.html|archive-date=12 May 2018|access-date=12 May 2018|website=Hindustan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>5fmhfp2rrl9mjdjzwspmhofzm5pq4sm</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>سیلیٖن ڈِیون</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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سیلیٖن میری کلاڈیٹ ڈِیون (پٲدٲیِش 30 مارٕچ 1968) چھُ اَکھ کینیڈین گلوکٲر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Celine Dion|url=https://www.biography.com/musician/celine-dion|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531213240/https://www.biography.com/musician/celine-dion|archive-date=31 May 2020|access-date=27 March 2020|publisher=Biography.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;کوئین آف پاور بالڈز&quot; وننہٕ یوان، تیٚمؠ سٟنٛز طاقتور، تکنیکی طور پٲٹھؠ ہُنر منٛد آوازٕ تہٕ تجارتی لحاظ سٟتؠ کامیاب کامیو تروو مَقبوٗل موٗسیٖقی پؠٹھ نمایاں اثر۔ دنیاہس مَنٛز 200 مِلین کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ ریکارڈن سٟتؠ کٕننہٕ یِنہٕ وٲلؠ، ڈِیون چھُ ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ کٕننہٕ ینہٕ وول کینیڈین ریکارڈنگ آرٹسٹ، ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ کٕننہٕ ینہٕ وول فرانسیسی زبانہِ ہُنٛد فنکار، تہٕ وُنیُک تامُک ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ کٕننہٕ ینہٕ وٲلؠ میوٗزیکل کلاکار مَنٛز اَکھ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کینَڈی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>srbrczv266hm3buf1wu2kk6686utpu2</sha1>
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    <title>فرٛانٛز کافکا</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-03T22:29:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>8158</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''فرٛانٛز کافکا''' (1883 - 1924) اوس اَکھ [[جَرمَن زَبان|جرمن]] زَبٲنؠ ہُک [[بوہیمیَن]] [[یہوٗدیت|یَہوٗدی]] ناول نگار تہٕ لۄکٕٹؠ کَتھ [[لِکھٲرؠ]]۔ تِم چھِ 20 مِہ صٔدی ہٕنٛدؠ ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ بٔڈؠ اَدیٖب ماننہٕ یِوان۔ تٕمؠ سٕنٛدؠ لِکھٲرؠ مَنٛز چھُ حَقیٖقَت پَسَندی تہٕ غٲر حَقیٖقی (surrealistic) حالاتَن ہُنٛد مِلاپ لَبنہٕ یِوان، یَتھ مَنٛز کِردار اَکثَر پَریشان کُن حالَتَن مَنٛز پھاسِتھ چھِ آسان۔
تٕمؠ سٕنٛدؠ ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ مَشہوٗر تَخلیٖق چھِ &quot;دی میٹامورفوسِس&quot; (The Metamorphosis)، &quot;دی ٹرایَل&quot; (The Trial) تہٕ &quot;دی کاسَل&quot; (The Castle)۔ اَنگریٖزی زَبٲنؠ مَنٛز چھُ &quot;کافکایسک&quot; (Kafkaesque) لَفظ تِمَن پَریشان کُن حالَتَن خٲطرٕ اِستِمال یِوان یِم تٕمؠ سٕنٛدؠ لِکھٲرؠ مَنٛز دَرٕج چھِ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Kafka|first=Franz|title=The Trial|url=https://archive.org/details/trial0000kafk_q0s9|date=1992|publisher=Knopf|isbn=978-0-679-40994-6|edition=|series=|location=New York, NY|chapter=Introduction by George Steiner}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==اِبتدٲے زِندگی==

کافکا زاو [[پراگ]] کِس اَکِس جرمن بولن وٲلؠ منٛزِم طبقس کِس یَہوٗدی خاندانس مَنٛز۔ تٕمؠ سُنٛد مول اوس اَکھ سَخت گیر تاجِر، ییٚمؠ سٕنٛدِس رَوَیَس کافکا سٕنٛدِ ذِہنَس پؠٹھ واریاہ اَثَر کٔر۔ کافکاہَن کٔر قانوٗنٕچ تَعلیٖم حٲصِل تہٕ کٔرٕن اَکِہ اِنشورَنٕس کَمپَنی مَنٛز کٲم۔

==اَدَبی پیٚشہٕ==

پنٛنِہ زِندگی مَنٛز چھٲپؠ تٕمؠ سٕنٛدؠ واریاہ کم تَخلیٖق۔ تِمَن ٲس پنٛنِہ لِکھٲرؠ پؠٹھ شَک تہٕ تِم ٲسؠ ذِہنی دَباوُک شِکار۔ تِمَن وَن مَرنَس برٛونٛہہ پنِہ سٲتھی میکٕس برٛوڈ (Max Brod) سٟتؠ زِ تٕمؠ سٕنٛدؠ تَمام غٲر چھٲپؠ مٕتؠ لِکھٲرؠ کامہِ گژھن یِن زالنہٕ۔

==اَہَم کامہِ==

میکٕس بروڈَن کٔرنہٕ تٕمؠ سٕنٛز وَصِیَت پوٗرٕ تہٕ کٔرؠن تٕمؠ سٕنٛدؠ مَشہوٗر ناول (یَتھ مَنٛز دی ٹرایَل تہٕ دی کاسَل شٲمِل چھِ) تٕمؠ سٕنٛدِ مَرنہٕ پَتہٕ شایَع۔
تٕمؠ سٕنٛز مَشہوٗر کَتھ &quot;دی میٹامورفوسِس&quot; چھِ اَکِس شخص مُتعلِق یُس اَکہِ صُبحَس اَکِس بٔڈِس کیٚمِس مَنٛز تَبدیٖل گَژھان چھُ۔

==موضوٗعات==

کافکا سٕنٛدؠ لِکھٲرؠ مَنٛز چھِ اَلَگ تھَلَگ گَژھُن (alienation)، غٲر یَقیٖنی صورَتِ حال (existential anxiety)، گۄنہُک احساس تہٕ بے مَعنی پَن (absurdity) ہٕنٛد موضوٗعات عام۔ کِردار چھِ اَکثَر بےٚبٕتھؠ بیوروکریسی (faceless bureaucracies) تہٕ سَماجی طاقَتَن ہٕنٛدِ مُقابلہٕ مَنٛز بے بَس آسان۔

==موتھ==

کافکا گُزریٛو 3 جوٗن 1924 مَنٛز 40 وُہُر [[شوٗش|شِشنٲرِس]] مَنٛز [[سِلہٕ|سِلہٕ (TB)]] بؠمارِ سٟتؠ۔

==میراث==

تٕمؠ سٕنٛدِ مَرنہٕ پَتہٕ مِلیٛو تِمَن عالَمی شُہرَت۔ لَفظ &quot;کافکایسک&quot; (Kafkaesque) چھُ آز تِمَن پَریشان کُن تہٕ بے مَعنی حالَتَن ہٕنٛز نِشاندہی کَران یِم تٕمؠ سٕنٛدؠ ناولَن مَنٛز وُچھنہٕ یِوان چھِ۔ تِم چھِ [[جٔدیٖد اَدَب|جٔدیٖد اَدَبٕکؠ]] ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ اَثَر دار لِکھٲرؠن مَنٛز ماننہٕ یِوان۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:شٲیِر]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>سِریٖنَگَر لوک سَبھا حلقہٕ</title>
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      <id>147612</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:11:24Z</timestamp>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147612</origin>
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      <text bytes="2733" sha1="gzbdcz4h3jcq5x8o9wbvrwgnl59osl1" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Indian constituency|type=LS|name=سِریٖنَگَر &lt;Br&gt;{{Small|JK-2}}|map_image={{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Lok Sabha constituencies/2019/Jammu and Kashmir/Srinagar.map}}|map_caption=سرینگر لوک سبھا حلقُک خاکہ پیش کرن وول انٹرایکٹو نقشہٕ|established=1967|reservation=کانٛہہ تہِ نہٕ|incumbent_image=Ruhullah Mehdi.jpg|mp=[[آغا سید روح اللہ مہدی]]|party={{Party index link|جموں و کشمیر نیشنل کانفرنس}}|alliance={{Party index link|Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance}}|latest_election_year=2024|state=|union_territory=[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]]|assembly_cons=[[کنگن اسمبلی حلقہٕ|کنگن]]&lt;br /&gt;[[گاندربل اسمبلی حلقہٕ|گاندربل]]&lt;br /&gt;[[حضرت بل اسمبلی حلقہٕ|حضرت بل]]&lt;br /&gt;[[لال چوک اسمبلی حلقہٕ|لال چوک]]&lt;br /&gt;[[چھانپوٗر اسمبلی حلقہٕ|چھانہٕ پوٗر]]&lt;br /&gt;[[زادیبل اسمبلی حلقہٕ|ذٔڑؠ بل]]&lt;br /&gt;[[عیدگاہ اسمبلی حلقہٕ|عیدگاہ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[خانیار اسمبلی حلقہٕ|خانیار]]&lt;br /&gt;[[سنٹرل شالٹینگ اسمبلی حلقہٕ|سنٹرل شالٹینگ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[حَبہٕ کٔدٕل اسمبلی حلقہٕ|حَبہٕ کٔدٕل]]&lt;br /&gt;[[پامپور اسمبلی حلقہٕ|پامپور]]&lt;br /&gt;[[ترال اسمبلی حلقہٕ|ترٛال]]&lt;br /&gt;[[پلوامہ اسمبلی حلقہٕ|پُلووم]]&lt;br /&gt;[[چاڈورا اسمبلی حلقہٕ|ژوڈُر]]&lt;br /&gt;[[راجپورہ اسمبلی حلقہٕ|راجہٕ پوٗر]]&lt;br /&gt;[[شوپیاں اسمبلی حلقہٕ|شُپین]]&lt;br/&gt;[[خان صٲب اسمبلی حلقہٕ|خان صٲب]]&lt;br/&gt;[[چراری شریف اسمبلی حلقہٕ|ژارِ شریف]]|electors=17,47,810&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://elections24.eci.gov.in/docs/WYKXFehhEH.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526095942/https://elections24.eci.gov.in/docs/WYKXFehhEH.pdf|url-status=dead |title=|archivedate=26 May 2024|website=elections24.eci.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
'''سِریٖنَگَر لوک سَبھا حلقہٕ''' چھُ شمٲلی [[ہِندوستان]] مَنٛز [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] مَنٛز پانٛژن لوک سبھاہن (پارلیمانی حلقن) مَنٛز اَکھ۔

==حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر منٛز اسمبلی حلقہٕ]]
[[زٲژ:بَڈگام ضِلہٕ]]
[[زٲژ:گانٛدَربَل ضِلہٕ]]
[[زٲژ:پلوۄم ضِلہٕ]]
[[زٲژ:شُپؠ یَن ضِلہٕ]]
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ]]</text>
      <sha1>gzbdcz4h3jcq5x8o9wbvrwgnl59osl1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>شَمیٖمہ فِردوس</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>25282</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147667</id>
      <parentid>121112</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:35:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147667</origin>
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      <text bytes="6227" sha1="bi03htqyv12aon9tqcobh9cp6ej8hqt" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ|bgcolor=Lavender}}
'''شَمیٖمہ فِردوس''' (زامٕژ 1966) چھِ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جموں و کشمیر]] اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ سِیاسَتھ دان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Shamim Firdous(JKNC):Constituency- HABBAKADAL(SRINAGAR) - Affidavit Information of Candidate|url=https://myneta.info/jk2014/candidate.php?candidate_id=566|access-date=2024-08-26|website=myneta.info}}&lt;/ref&gt; سۄ چھےٚ [[سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ]] کِس [[حَبہٕ کٔدٕل اسمبلی حلقہٕ]] پؠٹھ ترٛیٚیہ لٹہِ ایم ایل اے۔ أمہ زیوٗن 2014 ہک جموں و کشمیر قانون ساز اسمبلی الیکشن [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر قومی کانفرٛنٕس|جموں و کشمیر نیشنل کانفرنس]] پارٹی ہٕنٛز نُمایِنٛدگی کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Wani|first=Fayaz|date=2014-12-25|title=PDP Gets More Seats, but BJP has Upper Hand in Vote Share|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2014/Dec/25/pdp-gets-more-seats-but-bjp-has-upper-hand-in-vote-share-697991.html|access-date=2024-08-26|website=The New Indian Express|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2014-12-23|title=List of candidates declared winner by ECI : J&amp;K Assembly Elections 2014 Result|url=https://statetimes.in/list-candidates-declared-winner-eci-jk-assembly-elections-2014-result/|access-date=2024-08-26|website=Statetimes|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2014-12-23|title=Jammu and Kashmir Assembly election winners list|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/assembly-elections-2015/jammu-and-kashmir/story/jammu-kashmir-election-winners-list-assembly-polls-results-bjp-congress-pdp-nc-232557-2014-12-23|access-date=2024-08-26|website=India Today|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; أمہِ زیوٗن 2024 کِس اسمبلی الیکشنس مَنٛز ترٛیٚیمس لٹہِ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Shagun, Shamima and Sakina: Three women elected to Jammu and Kashmir Assembly&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Shagun, Shamima and Sakina: Three women elected to Jammu and Kashmir Assembly|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/shagun-shameema-and-sakina-three-women-elected-to-jammu-and-kashmir-assembly-101728452076537.html|accessdate=13 October 2024|date=9 October 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==اِبتدٲے زِندگی تہٕ تٲلیٖم==

فِردوس چھَ [[سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ]] کِس [[حَبہٕ کٔدٕل]] پؠٹھ۔ أمؠ کوٚر محمد انیس سٟتؠ خانٛدر۔ أمؠ کٔر 1983 مَنٛز [[کشمیر یونیورسٹی]] مَنٛز بی اے تہٕ ایل ایل بی آنرز پوٗرٕ۔

==پیٚشہٕ==

فِردوسہِ زیٛوٗن 2014 کِس جموں و کشمیر قونوٗن ساز اسمبلی ہٕنٛدِس چُناوَس مَنٛز جموں و کشمیر نیشنل کانفرنسٕچ نُمٲیِنٛدگی کَرن وول حبہٕ کٔدٕل اسمبلی حلقہٕ۔ تٔمہِ حٲصِل کٔرؠ 4,955 ووٹ تہٕ ہارنووُن پنُن نزدیٖکی حریٖف [[بھارتی جَنتا پارٹی|بھارتیہ جنتا پارٹی]] ہُنٛد موتی کول 2,359 ووٹن ہِنٛدِ فرقہٕ سٟتؠ۔ سۄ چھِ 2014 کِس اسمبلی الیکشنَس مَنٛز چُنِتھ گژھن واجیٚنؠ ترٛیٚیو زنانہٕ ایم ایل اے یَو مَنٛز اَکھ۔ سۄ بنییہِ گۄڈٕنِچہِ لَٹہِ ایم ایل اے یٔمؠ 2008 ٹھس مَنٛز جموں و کشمیر قونوٗن ساز اسمبلی ہُنٛد چُناو جے کے این سی سیٹہِ پؠٹھ زیٛوٗن۔ تٔمہِ تھٲو 2014 ہُک جموں و کشمیر قونوٗن ساز اسمبلی اِلیکشن چُناو زینِتھ ہبا کدل سیٹ قٲیِم تہٕ زیٛوٗنُن 2024 ہُک ایٚسمبلی اِلیکشن چُناو، بھارتیہ جنتا پارٹی ہِنٛدِس اَشوک کُمار بَٹس 9,538 ووٹن ہِنٛدِ فرقہٕ سٟتؠ شِکست دِتھ۔

==چُناو کارکردگی ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! چُناو !! حلقہٕ !! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |جمٲژ !! نتیٖجہٕ !! ووٹ % !! مُخٲلِف وۄمیدوار !! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |مُخٲلِف جمٲژ !! مُخٲلِف ووٹ%|| حَوالہٕ
|-
|2024||[[Habba Kadal Assembly constituency|حبہٕ کٔدٕل]]||{{party name with color|Jammu and Kashmir National Conference}}||{{Won}}||64.68%||اشوک کُمار بھٹ||{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}||15.08%||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Election Commission of India|title=J&amp;K Assembly Election Results 2024 - Bandipora|url=https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenOct2024/candidateswise-U0815.htm|access-date=10 October 2024|date=8 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241010072117/https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenOct2024/candidateswise-U0815.htm|archive-date=10 October 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2014||[[Habba Kadal Assembly constituency|حبہٕ کٔدٕل]]||{{party name with color|Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference}}||{{Won}}||42.40%||موتی کول||{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}||22.21%||&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date= |title=Jammu &amp; Kashmir 2014 - Jammu &amp; Kashmir - Election Commission of India |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3797-jammu-kashmir-2014/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190613150235/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3797-jammu-kashmir-2014/ |archive-date=2019-06-13 |access-date= |website=eci.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2008||[[Habba Kadal Assembly constituency|حبہٕ کٔدٕل]]||{{party name with color|Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference}}||{{Won}}||41.14%||ہیرا لال چٹا||{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}||11.65%||&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2008 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=https://ceojk.nic.in/pdf/10-Detailed%20Results.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225073739/https://ceojk.nic.in/pdf/10-Detailed%20Results.pdf|archive-date=25 December 2024|access-date=25 December 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ سِیاسَتدان]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>bi03htqyv12aon9tqcobh9cp6ej8hqt</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>جاپٲنؠ لوٗکھ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>25327</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147362</id>
      <parentid>147148</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-03T16:26:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>147362</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1040" sha1="eozq4kjqz8nhacq1khxphpy77b8mwlv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox ethnic group/Wikidata|population=119.9 مِلین&lt;ref name=&quot;estimates&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Population Estimates by Age (Five-Year Groups) and Sex|url=https://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/jinsui/tsuki/index.html|website=stat.go.jp|publisher=[[Statistics Bureau of Japan]]|access-date=August 29, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

'''جاپٲنؠ لوٗکھ''' ({{nihongo|'''Japanese people'''|{{linktext|日本人}}|Nihonjin, Nipponjin}} [[جاپان|جاپانُک]] اَکھ [[نسلی گروپ]]۔
جاپٲنؠ چھِ ملکٕچ آبٲدی ہُنٛد 98.5 ٪ فیصد حِصہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Japan Ethnic groups - Demographics|url=https://www.indexmundi.com/japan/ethnic_groups.html|access-date=2025-11-08|website=www.indexmundi.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
دنیاہس مَنٛز چھِ تَقریٖبَن 130 ملین لُکھ جاپٲنؠ نسلٕکؠ ۔ یمو منزٕ تَقریٖبَن 127 ملین جاپانٕکؠ روزَن وٲلؠ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:جاپان]]
[[زٲژ:جاپٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>eozq4kjqz8nhacq1khxphpy77b8mwlv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>147363</id>
      <parentid>147362</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-03T18:00:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Nadeemulhaqmir-bot</username>
        <id>9480</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>باٹ چھُ غَلطی ٹھیٖکھ کَران [[وِکیٖپیٖڈیا:AutoWikiBrowser/Typos|غَلطی فِہرِست مُطٲبِق]]</comment>
      <origin>147363</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1047" sha1="bd9c1fmi05zb96ldevqirc12sqlyt2d" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox ethnic group/Wikidata|population=119.9 مِلین&lt;ref name=&quot;estimates&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Population Estimates by Age (Five-Year Groups) and Sex|url=https://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/jinsui/tsuki/index.html|website=stat.go.jp|publisher=[[Statistics Bureau of Japan]]|access-date=August 29, 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}

'''جاپٲنؠ لوٗکھ''' ({{nihongo|'''Japanese people'''|{{linktext|日本人}}|Nihonjin, Nipponjin}} [[جاپان|جاپانُک]] اَکھ [[نسلی گروپ]]۔
جاپٲنؠ چھِ ملکٕچ آبٲدی ہُنٛد 98.5 ٪ فیصد حِصہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Japan Ethnic groups - Demographics|url=https://www.indexmundi.com/japan/ethnic_groups.html|access-date=2025-11-08|website=www.indexmundi.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
دُنؠ‌یاہس مَنٛز چھِ تَقریٖبَن 130 ملین لُکھ جاپٲنؠ نسلٕکؠ ۔ یمو منزٕ تَقریٖبَن 127 ملین جاپانٕکؠ روزَن وٲلؠ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:جاپان]]
[[زٲژ:جاپٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>bd9c1fmi05zb96ldevqirc12sqlyt2d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>زۆہران مَمدانی</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>25336</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147539</id>
      <parentid>139637</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T05:39:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147539</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2075" sha1="bbit2xdlnwjx822al0o9d5palxfo0ky" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person/Wikidata|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=No|abovestyle=Background:lavender}}

'''زۆہران کومے ممدانی''' ({{lang-en|{{audio|Zohran Mamdani.ogg|Zohran Kwame Mamdani}}}}) (پٲدٲیِش 18 اکتوبر 1991) چھ اَکھ امریکی سِیاسَتھ دان تہٕ [[نیویارک شَہَر|نیویارک شہر]] مییَر چُنِتھ۔  

ممدانی زاو [[کمپالا]] [[یُگنڈا|یوگنڈاہس]] مَنٛز تعلیمی محمود ممدانی تہٕ فِلِم ساز [[میرا نیر|میرا نائر]] زٲنتھ، یم دۄشوے چھ [[ہِندوستان|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] نسلٕک۔ [[کیپ ٹاؤن]]، جۆنوٗبی افریقہس مَنٛز ترٛیٚہ ؤری گزارنہٕ پتہٕ، ییٚلہ ممدانی پانژو ستؠ ؤری ہٕنٛز ٲس، یہِ خاندان گوٚ امریکہ، تہٕ نیو یارکس مَنٛز آباد۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|date=June 23, 2025|script-title=ur:'روٹی، کپڑا اور مکان': نیو یارک کے پہلے مسلم میئر بننے کے خواہشمند ظہران ممدانی ڈیموکریٹک امیدوار منتخب|trans-title='Roti, Kapra aur Makān': Zohran Mamdani, who aspires to become New York's first Muslim mayor, has been selected as the Democratic candidate.|url=https://www.bbc.com/urdu/articles/cp823y0rr03o|access-date=June 28, 2025|website=[[BBC News Online|BBC News]]|publisher=[[BBC]]|language=ur}}&lt;/ref&gt;

تٔمؠ کٔر جون 2025 ہَس مَنٛز سٲبقہٕ گورنر اینڈریو کوموَس أکِس حیران کُن فتح مَنٛز شکست دِتھ ڈیموکریٹک پرایمری حٲصِل تہٕ گوٚو تَمہِ ؤرؠ یہِ کِس ٲخٕرَس مَنٛز عام چُناو مَنٛز مییَر چُنِتھ کرنہٕ۔ سُہ چھُ شہرُک گۄڈنیُک [[مُسلمان]] تہٕ [[ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکھ|ہِندوستٲنؠ]] یوگنڈا مییَر بننہٕ خٲطرٕ تیار۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:اَمریٖکی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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| †Eohippinae
|†[[Anchitheriinae]]
|[[Equinae]]
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'''گُرؠ پرٛٲژ (Equidae)''' چھِ [[گُر|گُرؠن]] تہٕ متعلقہٕ جانورن ہُنٛد [[رٕژوٲنؠ (زیٛوٗدُت)|رٕژوٲنؠ]] [[پرٛٲژ]]، یَتھ مَنٛز [[خَر|خر]]، [[زیبرا]] تہٕ واریاہ ختم گٲمٕتؠ [[زٲژ]] یم صرف [[فوسلز]] پؠٹھ چھِ زاننہٕ یوان۔ یہِ خاندان گوو 50 ملین وٕریو برونٛہہ پؠٹھ پھۄلیمٕتؠ (evolved)۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals|url=https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000unse_y8e7|publisher=Marshall Editions|year=1999|isbn=1-84028-152-9|editor=Palmer, D.|location=London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000unse_y8e7/page/255 255]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:جانوَر]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>سہکٲری</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>8158</id>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="846" sha1="2mofhqkdmweca9aaqhgfhd0ca0pta9g" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Common_clownfish_curves_dnsmpl.jpg|thumb|واریاہ جانور چھ اکھ أکس سۭتۍ باہمی سمبیوسس منٛز تعاون کران۔ ]]

سہکٲری یا ہمکٲری  (cooperation) چھُ تمہٕ وقتہٕ گژھان ییلہٕ حیاتیاتن ہیُنٛد اَکھ گروپ خۄد غرضی انفرادی فٲیدٕ خأطرٕ مقابلس مَنٛز کٲم کرنہٕ بجایہٕ گروپس خٲطرٕ یکجٲتی فٲیدٕ خأطرٕ چھُ ملتھ کٲم کران ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Marsh |first=David |title=The Guardian Stylebook |url=https://archive.org/details/guardianstyleboo0000mars |last2=Marshall |first2=Nikki |publisher=Guardian Newspapers Ltd |year=2004 |isbn=9781843549918 |location=London |pages=[https://archive.org/details/guardianstyleboo0000mars/page/47 47]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>شیر گٔڑؠ محل</title>
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        <id>9889</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="3503" sha1="m6ui8n0v6chetnljice867xrhlzktw8" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ}}
[[File:Shargarhipalace-afghans-sikhs-dogras-kashmir.jpg|thumb|300x300px|شیر گٔڑؠ محل]]
[[File:Srinagar_Sher_Garhi_Palace_Seen_from_the_Air_1925.jpg|thumb|300x300px|شیر گٔڑؠ محل آو ہوہس منز وُچھنہٕ (1925) یتھ برونہہ کُن گۄڈنیُک یا [[أمرا کٔدٕل]] اوس۔ کھوورِ طرفہٕ چُھ سرائے پاین تہٕ مہاراجہ بازار]]
[[Image: Palace-of-srinagar 0.jpg|thumb|300 px|Sher Garhi Palace in its heyday]]


[[File:Srinagar_Sher_Garhi_Palace_Art_Gallery_002.png|thumb|2020 منٛز محل]]
شیر گٔڑؠ محل چھُ [[سرینگر]]، [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]]، [[ہِندوستان|ہندوستانس]] مَنٛز اَکھ تَوٲریٖخی شٲہی رہائش گاہ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Del Mar|first=Walter|url=https://archive.org/details/romanticeastbur02margoog|title=The romantic East: Burma, Assam, &amp; Kashmir|publisher=A. and C. Black|year=1906|pages=[https://archive.org/details/romanticeastbur02margoog/page/n267 165]|quote=Sher Garhi Palace.}}&lt;/ref&gt; سرینگر کِس [[شہرِ خاص|پرانہِ شہر]] کِس جنوبس مَنٛز، [[جَہلَم دٔرؠ یاو]] کِس بٔٹھِس سٟتؠ واقعہٕ، اَمیُک ناو، &quot;شیر گڑھی&quot;  چھُ طاقتٕچ اَکھ نُمایا تخت پٲٹھؠ امُک کِردار اُجاگر کران چھُ۔ گۄڈٕ اوس 1772 تھس مَنٛز افغان گورنر جوانشیر خانن تعمیٖر کوٚرمُت، جموں و کشمیر کؠن [[ڈوٗگٕر راج|ڈوگرہ مہاراجن]] ہُنٛد گرٕ بَننہٕ برٛونٛہہ اوس یہِ افغان حکمرانن ہٕنٛز روزنٕچ کٲم کران۔

یہِ محل چھُ اَکھ تعمیٖرٲتی سَنٛگ میٖل، یُس اینگلو کشمیٖر ڈیزائنُک امتزاج ہاوان چھُ یُس یورپی اثرات روایتی کشمیری طرزَن سٟتؠ رلاوان چھُ۔ 19مہ صدی دوران، رود اَتھ اہم وؠستار تہٕ سہمٕتؠ سٟتؠ گُزران، یم امکین شٲہی باشندن ہنٛز بدلوٕن ضروریاتچ عکاسی کران چھُ۔

1970 تہٕ 2000 کس دہائی کس شُرواتس مَنٛز نارٕ سٟتؠ بۆڑ نۄقصان گژھنہٕ باوجوٗد، امچ تٲریخی قدر محفوٗظ تھاونہٕ خٲطرٕ گیہٕ 2015 مَنٛز بحٲلی ہنٛز کوششہٕ شۆروٗع۔ محل کِس أنٛدؠ پٕکؠ مَنٛز چھِ وۄنؠ اَکھ آرٹ میوزیم گیلری یۄس 2020 ہَس مَنٛز کھولنہٕ آمٕژ چھےٚ، ییٚلہِ زَن جہلم دٔریاوَس سٟتؠ بیٛاکھ شاخ سرینگر سٹی میوزیمٕک پٲٹھؠ کٲم کران چھِ، ییٚمہِ سٟتؠ یہِ جاے اَکھ ثقافتی مرکز تہٕ کٔشیٖرِ ہٕنٛدِ بہتریٖن ورثٕچ ثبوٗت چھےٚ۔

==ناو==
شیر گَڑھی ناوُک مَطلب چھُ &quot;سٔہہ قِلہٕ&quot;۔ یہِ مَحَل چھُ &quot;اولڈ سیکریٹریٹ&quot; ناوٕ سٟتؠ تہِ زاننہٕ یِوان، یُس تَمہِ وِزِ ہِنٛز یاد دیٛاناوان چھُ ییٚلہِ اَتھ عِمارَتِ مَنٛز سَرکٲرؠ دَفتر تہٕ سِوِل سٔروِسز ٲسؠ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:سِریٖنََگرس منٛز سِیاحتی جایہِ]]
[[زٲژ:کٔشیٖر ہٕنٛز تَوٲریٖخ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>سۆگام لولاب</title>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="2413" sha1="rn2gckjf70tmfg0tjxjgqn7g4i5618b" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ|bgcolor=#cdff|label1=سرکٲرؠ زَبانہٕ|data1=[[کٲشِر زَبان|کٲشُر]], [[اُردُو زَبان|اُردٗو]], [[ہِندی زَبان|ہِندی]], [[ڈوگری زَبان|ڈوگری]], [[انٛگریٖزی زَبان|انٛگریٖزی]]&lt;ref name=&quot;OfficialLang&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2020/222037.pdf |title=The Jammu and Kashmir Official Languages Act, 2020 |publisher=The Gazette of India }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title=Parliament passes JK Official Languages Bill, 2020 | work=Rising Kashmir | url=http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 | access-date=2021-10-16 | archivedate=2020-09-24 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924141909/http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924141909/http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 |date=2020-09-24 }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
'''سوٚگام لولاب''' چھِ اَکھ میونسپلٹی یُس [[وادی کٔشیٖر|وادی کشمیر]] کس [[کۄپوور ضِلہٕ]] مَنٛز واقع چھُ، ہنٛدستان کس مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] مَنٛز۔ سۆگم لولاب چھُ اَکھ نُمایا قصبہٕ یُس خوٗبصوٗرت لولاب وادی کِس مرکزَس مَنٛز واقع چھُ تہٕ چھُ علاقَس مَنٛز نُمایاں اِنتظٲمی اہمیت تھاوان۔ ذیلی ضِلہٕ ہیڈکوارٹر پٲٹھؠ کٲم کران چھُ سۆگم وادی اندر أنٛدؠ پٔکؠ گامَن تہٕ بستین خٲطرٕ گورننس تہٕ عوٲمی انتظامیہ ہُنٛد مرکٔزی مرکز پٲٹھؠ کٲم کران۔ قصبس مَنٛز چھِ مُختٔلِف اَہَم سرکٲرِ دفتَر، یِمَن مَنٛز آمدٕنی، صحت، تٲلیٖم تہٕ دِہٲتی ترقی ہٕنٛدِ محکمہٕ شٲمِل چھِ۔

یہِ چھُ مَشرِقَس مَنٛز ناگمٕرگ سٕتہِ مشرِقَس مَنٛز [[بنٛڈٕ پوٗر ضِلہٕ|بَنٛڈٕ پوٗر ضِلعہٕ]] نِشہِ اَلگ کَرنہٕ آمُت۔ 

==حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:کۄپوور ضِلٕکؠ شہر تہٕ قصبہٕ]]
[[زٲژ:کٔشیٖر]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ہَیگام</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <id>8158</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="5012" sha1="rhzlz3w7pyhhjam50mkuryww855dym3" xml:space="preserve">{{بٔستی معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ
|name = 
|native_name = 
|official_name = 
|settlement_type = [[گام]]
|subdivision_type = مُلک|subdivision_name = {{flag|India|name=ہِندوستان}}
|subdivision_type1 = رِیاسَتھ|subdivision_name1 = [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]]
|subdivision_type2 = ضِلہٕ|subdivision_name2 = [[وَرمُل ضِلہٕ]]
| demographics_type1              = زَبان
| demographics1_title1            = سَرکٲری
| demographics1_info1             = [[کٲشِر زَبان|کٲشُر]], [[اُردُو زَبان|اُردٗو]], [[ہِندی زَبان|ہِندی]], [[ڈوگری زَبان|ڈوگری]], [[انٛگریٖزی زَبان|انٛگریٖزی]]&lt;ref name=&quot;OfficialLang&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2020/222037.pdf |title=The Jammu and Kashmir Official Languages Act, 2020 |publisher=The Gazette of India }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | title=Parliament passes JK Official Languages Bill, 2020 | work=Rising Kashmir | url=http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 | access-date=2021-10-16 | archivedate=2020-09-24 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924141909/http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924141909/http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 |date=2020-09-24 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| pushpin_label_position          = right
|image_map={{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-width=250|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|zoom=13|type=point|title=Soura|marker=town}}|map_caption=جاے [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] منٛز}}
'''ہَیگام''' چھُ [[وَرمُل ضِلہٕ]] [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] [[ہِندوستان]] اَکھ مردم شماری گام۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=India|title=Delimitation of parliamentary and assembly constituencies order, 1976.|last2=Election Commission|publisher=Election Commission, India|year=1976|location=New Delhi|pages=627|language=English}}&lt;/ref&gt; ہندوستان چہ 2011 چہ مردم شماری مطٲبق چھ ہیگامٕچ کُل آبٲدی 6,212، یَتھ مَنٛز 3,148 مرد تہٕ 3,064 چھ یِمن ہنٛز پٔرؠ ؤنؠ60.61% چھِ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Primary census abstract data for scheduled tribes, Jammu and Kashmir - District Baramula - 2011|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/6199/download/9276/DDW_PCA0108_2011_MDDS%20with%20UI.xlsx|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220723112553/https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/41906/download/45537/PCA_ST0108_2011_MDDS_DDW.xlsx|archive-date=23 July 2022|access-date=23 July 2022|website=Office of the Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ہَیگام کِس ژوٗنٛٹؠ باغس مَنٛز لبنہٕ ینہٕ وٲلؠ 4,800 ؤری پرٛون نوٚٹ ناو چھُ امریکی اداکأر [[کِم کارڈیشین]] کِس ناوس پؠٹھ تھاونہٕ آمُت۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Qamrain|first=Noor Ul|title=Kashmir names neolithic pot ‘Kim Kardashian’|url=https://www.sundayguardianlive.com/news/10930-kashmir-names-neolithic-pot-kim-kardashian|accessdate=26 July 2022|journal=The Sunday Guardian Live|publisher=[[The Sunday Guardian]]|date=17 September 2017|archivedate=7 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507031512/https://www.sundayguardianlive.com/news/10930-kashmir-names-neolithic-pot-kim-kardashian}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ہَیگام چھ جموں و کشمیر ضِلہٕ کس دہشت گردی سٟتؠ متٲثر علاقن مَنٛز تہٕ اَکھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=India|last2=Parliament|last3=Lok Sabha|date=2001|title=Lok Sabha Debates|journal=Lok Sabha Debates|language=English|pages=19|issn=0445-6769|via=WorldCat}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Human Rights Watch (Organization)|title=World Report 2002 : Events of 2001, November 2000-November 2001|url=https://archive.org/details/worldreport2002e0000unse|publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]]|year=2002|isbn=978-1-56432-267-8|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/worldreport2002e0000unse/page/226 226]|language=English}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Pakistan|last2=Ministry of Foreign Affairs|date=2001|title=Foreign Affairs Pakistan|journal=Foreign Affairs Pakistan|language=English|volume=28|issue=3|pages=254, 257|via=WorldCat}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Rao|first=Aparna|title=The Practice of War : Production, Reproduction and Communication of Armed Violence|last2=Bollig|first2=Michael|last3=Böck|first3=Monika|publisher=Berghahn|year=2011|isbn=978-0-85745-141-5|location=Oxford|pages=264|language=English}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== سِیاحت ==
ہَیگام دٔرؠ‌یاو چھُ اتہِ مشہوٗر سِیاحتی مُقام۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:وَرمُل ضِلس منٛز گام]]
[[زٲژ:سوپُر]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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| country = [[ہِندوستان]]
| name = Srinagar Baramulla highway
| map = 
| map_notes = 
| terminus_a = [[سِریٖنَگَر]]، [[سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ]]
| terminus_b = [[وَرمُل]]، [[وَرمُل ضِلہٕ]]
| cities = [[سِریٖنَگَر]]، [[وَرمُل]]
| history = Ancient
| formed = 
| length_km = 54
| system =[[ہِندوستانس منٛز سڑکہٕ]] 
|established=پرٛون}}
سِریٖنَگَر-وَرمُل [[مَہوَتھ]] چھُ وادی کشمیرٕچ [[مَہوَتھ|قومی مَہوَتھ]] تہٕ سڑکہ یوٚس [[سِریٖنَگَر|سرینگرٕچ]] میونسپل کمیٹی [[وَرمُل]] ہس سۭتہ جوڑان چھ۔ دۄشوٕنی شہرن درمیان چھ سڑکہ ہُنٛد فٲصلہٕ 54 کلومیٹر (34 میٖل) تہٕ سفرک کم از کم وَقٕت چھُ 55 منٹ۔  بارڈر روڈس آرگنائزیشن چھ تمن جاین پؠٹھ نٲئی کنکریٹ کٔدٕل بناونٕک عملس مَنٛز یتن پرٲنؠ فوجٕک شٔہرک کٔدٕل سڑکہ ہٕنٛز صٔحیٖح ترقی خٲطرٕ بناونہٕ آیہ۔ یہِ [[مَہوَتھ|شاہراہ]] چھُ [[قومی مَہوَتھ 44 (ہِندوستان)|قومی شاہراہ 44]] ہک حصہٕ یُس اصلی [[اوٗڑی]] تہٕ [[لیہہ|لیہس]] درمیان سڑک چھےٚ۔ مَہوَتھ چھِ سطح سمندر  تَقریٖبَن 1,700 میٖٹَر (5,600 فٹ) تیوٗت کم سطحس پیٚٹھ پکان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Google Maps|url=http://maps.google.com/maps|website=Google Maps}}&lt;/ref&gt;  جموں و کشمیر ریاستی روڈ ٹرانسپورٹ کارپوریشن چھ پرٛؠتھ دۄہ سڑکہ پؠٹھ مقرر وقتس پؠٹھ سرینگر پؠٹھ وَرمُل یا امہِ برعکس سفر کرن والیٚن لُکن ہٕنٛز سہوٗلیت خٲطرٕ آون جاونٕچ سہوٗلیت فراہم کران۔ یہِ سڑک چھےٚ ٲخٕری ٹرمینس پیٚٹھٕ [[مظفر آباد]] تام 124 کلومیٹر (77 میٖل) اضافہٕ کٔرِتھ پھہلتھ۔

== بیٚیہِ وُچھِو  ==

* [[جۆم-سِریٖنَگَر قومی مَہوَتھ]]

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:وَرمُل ضِلہٕ]]
[[زٲژ:سِریٖنَگَر]]
[[زٲژ:کٔشیٖر]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>سیڈی سِنٛک</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:26:22Z</timestamp>
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        <id>9889</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''سیڈی الزبتھ سِنٛک''' (پٲدٲیِش 16 اپریل 2002) چھےٚ اَکھ امریکی اداکأر۔ تیم کوٚر پننہٕ اداکٲری ہندس کیریئرک آغاز تھیٹرس مَنٛز میوزیکل اینی (2012-14) تہٕ نوجوان [[الزبتھ دۄیٚم|الزبتھ II]] مَنٛز براڈوے پؠٹھ تٲریخی ڈرامے دی آڈینس (2015) مَنٛز ٹائٹل رول ادا کرِتھ۔ سِنٛکن کٔر [[نیٹ فلکس]] سائنس فکشن سیریز [[عجیٖب چیٖز|سٹرینجر تھنگز]] (2017-موجود) مَنٛز میکس مے فیلڈ سُنٛد کردار ادا کرنس مَنٛز کامیٲبی حٲصل تہٕ أمؠ سٕنٛد ژورمہٕ سیزنس مَنٛز کٔرٕن أمؠ سٕنٛز اداکٲری خٲطرٕ تنقیدی تعریف حٲصل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=''Stranger Things'' riporta in auge Kate Bush: la sua 'Running Up That Hill' è prima su iTunes |trans-title=''Stranger Things'' brings Kate Bush back: Her 'Running Up That Hill' is number one on iTunes |url=https://tg24.sky.it/spettacolo/musica/2022/05/30/stranger-things-running-up-that-hill-kate-bush |publisher=[[Sky TG24]] |access-date=December 9, 2023 |language=it |date=May 30, 2022 |archive-date=December 9, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209115246/https://tg24.sky.it/spettacolo/musica/2022/05/30/stranger-things-running-up-that-hill-kate-bush |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:اَمریٖکی اداکار]]
[[زٲژ:2002 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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    <title>کالا-شملہ ریلوے</title>
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      <comment>Add 3 books for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="15245" sha1="ohro05q7c5ska62m580cpm3qlpdpbgn" xml:space="preserve">'''کالاکا-شملہ ریلوے''' چھُ [[شمٲلی ہِندوستان]] مَنٛز 2 فٹ 6 انچ  تنگ گیج ریلوے یُس [[کالکا]] پؠٹھ [[شملہ]] تام زیٛادٕ تر پہاڑی وتہٕ پؠٹھ پکان چھُ۔ یہِ چھُ بالن تہٕ أنٛد پٔکہ گامن ہنٛد ڈرامائی نظرو باپتھ زاننہٕ یوان۔ یہِ [[ریلوے]] ٲس ہربرٹ سیپٹیمس ہارنگٹن سٕنٛدس ہدایتس تحت 1898 تہٕ 1903 ہس درمیان [[بَرطٲنوی راج|برطانوی راج]] دوران ہندوستان چہ رؠتہٕ کالٕچ رازدٲنہ شملہ باقٕیہ ہندوستٲنؠ ریل نظامس سۭتہ جوڑنہٕ خٲطرٕ بناونہٕ آمٕژ۔

ایمکہ ابتدٲئی انجن ٲس شارپ، سٹیورٹ تہٕ کمپنی ہند ذریعہ تیار کرنہٕ آمت۔ بٔڑؠ انجن آیہ متعارف کرنہٕ، یم ہنسلٹ انجن کمپنی ہٕنٛد طرفہٕ تیار کرنہٕ آیہ۔ ڈیزل تہٕ ڈیزل ہائیڈرولک انجنو کٔر بالترتیب 1955 تہٕ 1970 مَنٛز کٲم شۆروٗع۔

8 جُلَے 2008 کوٚر یونیسکو کالکا-شملہ ریلوے ہنٛدستان کہ عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ چہ جایہ ہنٛز پہاڑن ہنٛز ریلوے مَنٛز شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;heritageunesco&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Mountain Railways of India|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/944|access-date=2024-03-12|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== تَوٲریٖخ ==

شملہ (پتہٕ سملہ ونان ٲس)، یُس انگریزو گۄڈنچہ اینگلو گورکھا جنگہٕ پتہٕ جلدٕیہ آباد کٔر، چھ [[ہِمالیَہ|ہمالیہ]] کِس دامنس مَنٛز 7,116 فٗٹ (2,169 میٖٹَر) پؠٹھ واقع۔ 
شملہ ریل ذٔریعہٕ جوڑنک خیال اوس گۄڈنچہ لٹہ نَوَمبَر 1847 ہس مَنٛز دلہ ہنٛدؠ گزٹٕکؠ أکؠ نامہ نگارن تُلمُت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Wolmer&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Wolmer|first=Christian|title=Railways &amp; the Raj|url=https://archive.org/details/railwaysrajhowag0000wolm_m7x2|date=2017|publisher=Atlantic Books|isbn=978-0-85789-064-1|location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/railwaysrajhowag0000wolm_m7x2/page/114 114] to 115}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Priya&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Priya|first=R.|title=The Development Of Mountain Railways In India A Study: Kalka - Shimla Railway|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/190126/6/chapter%204.pdf|access-date=November 26, 2018|publisher=University of Madras|page=116 to 143}}&lt;/ref&gt;

شملہ بنییہ 1864 تھس مَنٛز برطانوی ہندوستانٕچ رؠتہٕ کالٕچ رازدٲنؠ، تہٕ اوس ہندوستٲنؠ فوجک صَدٕر مُقام۔ 

1891 مَنٛز گٔیہ 5 فٹ 6 انچ (1,676 ایم ایم) دہلی-کالکا لائن یلہٕ، ییٚمہ سٟتؠ [[شملہ]] تام برانچ لائنٕچ تعمیرٖ ممکن گٔیہ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Wolmer&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Wolmer|first=Christian|title=Railways &amp; the Raj|url=https://archive.org/details/railwaysrajhowag0000wolm_m7x2|date=2017|publisher=Atlantic Books|isbn=978-0-85789-064-1|location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/railwaysrajhowag0000wolm_m7x2/page/114 114] to 115}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=IR History: Early Days II (1870-1899)|url=http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-history2.html|access-date=26 January 2014|publisher=IRFCA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ گوڈٕ سٔروے آو 1884 مَنٛز کرنہٕ، امہٕ پتہٕ آو 1885 مَنٛز بییہٕ اَکھ سٔروے کرنہٕ۔ یمن دۄن سروےن ہٕنٛد بنیادس پیٚٹھ آیہ اَکھ پروجیکٹ رپورٹھ 1887 مَنٛز برطانوی ہنٛدستان حکوٗمتس پیش کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Priya&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Priya|first=R.|title=The Development Of Mountain Railways In India A Study: Kalka - Shimla Railway|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/190126/6/chapter%204.pdf|access-date=November 26, 2018|publisher=University of Madras|page=116 to 143}}&lt;/ref&gt; 1892 تہ 1893 ہس مَنٛز آیہٕ تازٕ سٔروے کرنہٕ، یمہٕ وجہ سٟتؠ ژور مُتبٲدِل سکیمہٕ تجویز کرنہٕ-زٕ چپچپا لائنہٕ، 67.25 mi (ID1) km′ تہٕ 69.75 mi (ID4) km′ زیٹھ، تہٕ زٕ ریک لائنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Priya&quot; /&gt; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; 1895 ہس مَنٛز آیہ [[کالکا]] پؠٹھٕ [[سولان|سولن]] تام بیٚیہ اکہ لٹہ نوٚو سٔروے کرنہٕ تاکہ یہِ پتہ لگاونہٕ ز 12 ریکس مَنٛز 1 یا 25 چپچپا لٲنہ مَنٛز 1 گژھ ژارنہٕ ین۔ واریہ بحثہٕ پتہٕ، ریک سسٹم کہ ترجیحس مَنٛز آو اَکھ چپچپا لائن منتخب کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Priya&quot; /&gt;

2 فٹ تنگ گیج پٹریو پؠٹھ ٲس کالکا-شملہ ریلوے ہنٛز تعٲمیر 29 جون 1898 ہس مَنٛز سکریٹری آف سٹیٹ تہٕ کمپنی درمیان معاہدس پؠٹھ دستخط کرنہٕ پتہٕ نجی مٲلی امداد سٟتؠ دہلی-امبالا-کالکا ریلوے کمپنی ہنٛد طرفہٕ شۆروٗع کرنہٕ آمٕژ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Priya&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Priya|first=R.|title=The Development Of Mountain Railways In India A Study: Kalka - Shimla Railway|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/190126/6/chapter%204.pdf|access-date=November 26, 2018|publisher=University of Madras|page=116 to 143}}&lt;/ref&gt; معاہدس مَنٛز اوس یہِ واضح کرنہٕ آمت ز یہِ لٲنہ آسہ حوٚکوٗمَتھ کہ طرفہٕ کنہ مٲلی امداد یا ضمانت بغٲر بناونہٕ آمٕژ۔ وۄنٛگو حکوٗمتن دژ کمپنی مُفت زمین۔ لائن کھولنہٕ وز اوس 8,678,500 رۄپیہ دۄگنہٕ خرچہٕ گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Priya&quot; /&gt; پروجیکٹک چیف انجینئر اوس ہربرٹ سیپٹیمس ہارنگٹن تہٕ چیف کنٹریکٹر اوس سوجن سنگھ ہڈلوی۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Singh|first=Khushwant|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1cIDAQAAQBAJ&amp;dq=%22kalka%22+%22sujan+singh%22&amp;pg=PT278|title=NOT A NICE MAN TO KNOW: The Best of Khushwant Singh|date=2000-10-14|publisher=Penguin UK|isbn=978-93-5118-278-8|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  

{{Convert|95.68|km|mi}}  میی لائن گیٔی 9 نَوَمبَر 1903 مَنٛز ٹریفک خٲطرٕ کھلہٕ تہٕ یہٕ ٲس وایسراے لارڈ کرزنن وقف کرمژ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=109-year-old steam engine once again rolls out on Shimla track - the Times of India|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/109-year-old-steam-engine-once-again-rolls-out-on-Shimla-track/articleshow/32915005.cms|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140331014506/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/109-year-old-steam-engine-once-again-rolls-out-on-Shimla-track/articleshow/32915005.cms|archive-date=31 March 2014|access-date=30 March 2014|website=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
یہِ لٲنہ آیہ شملہ پیٚٹھٕ شملہ گڈس تام مزید بڑاونہٕ (یَتھ مَنٛز اکہ لٹہ 27 جون 1909 دوہ بیلہٕ گاڑٕ ہنٛد دفتر اوس۔&lt;ref name=&quot;IR1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=World Heritage Site - Kalka Shimla Railway: An Introduction|url=http://www.nr.indianrailways.gov.in/KSR/1.pdf|access-date=December 5, 2018|publisher=Indian Railways}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ہنٛدستٲنؠ فوجس ٲسہ لٲنہ خٲطرٕ ژارنہٕ آمٕتہ دۄن فٹن ہند گیج کس بارس مَنٛز شکوک و شبہات تہٕ کٔرٕن درخواست ز پہاڑن تہٕ ہلکہٕ حکمت عملی ہند ریلوے خٲطرٕ گژھ اَکھ وسیع پیمانہٕ گیج اِستِمال کرنہٕ ینہ۔ ٲخر کار حکومتن کوٚر اَتھ کتھہٕ پؠٹھ اتفاق کہ گیج چھ واریاہ تنگ تکیاز یہٕ چھ بنیٲدی طورس پؠٹھ اَکھ رازدٲنؠ تہٕ فوجی مقصدن خاطرٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Wolmer&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Wolmer|first=Christian|title=Railways &amp; the Raj|url=https://archive.org/details/railwaysrajhowag0000wolm_m7x2|date=2017|publisher=Atlantic Books|isbn=978-0-85789-064-1|location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/railwaysrajhowag0000wolm_m7x2/page/114 114] to 115}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFWolmer2017&quot;&gt;Wolmer, Christian (2017). ''Railways &amp; the Raj''. London: Atlantic Books۔ p.&amp;nbsp;114 to 115. [[بَین الاقوٲمی معیار کِتاب نَمبَر|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/978-0-85789-064-1|&lt;bdi&gt;978-0-85789-064-1&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; نتیجتا، ریلوے کمپنی سٟتؠ معاہدس مَنٛز آیہٕ 15 نَوَمبَر 1901 مَنٛز ترمیم کرنہٕ تہٕ لائن گیج آو تبدیل کٔرِتھ 2 فٹ 6 انچ (762 ملی میٖٹَر) تام کرنہٕ یَتھ مَنٛز از تام بناونہٕ آمت ٹریک چھ دوبارٕ ماپا یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Priya&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Priya|first=R.|title=The Development Of Mountain Railways In India A Study: Kalka - Shimla Railway|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/190126/6/chapter%204.pdf|access-date=November 26, 2018|publisher=University of Madras|page=116 to 143}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPriya&quot;&gt;Priya, R. [http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/190126/6/chapter%204.pdf &quot;The Development Of Mountain Railways In India A Study: Kalka - Shimla Railway&quot;] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. University of Madras۔ p.&amp;nbsp;116 to 143&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;26 November&lt;/span&gt; 2018&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;UNESCO&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Kalka Shimla Railway (India) No 944 ter|url=https://whc.unesco.org/document/154654|access-date=November 29, 2018|publisher=UNESCO}}&lt;/ref&gt; تاہم، کنہہ ذرائع چھ ونان کہ ریگوجنگ ٲس نہٕ 1905 تام کرنہٕ آمژ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=IR History: Part - III (1900 - 1947)|url=https://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-history3.html|access-date=November 26, 2018|publisher=Indian Railways Fan Club}}&lt;/ref&gt;

1905 ہس مَنٛز کوٚر کمپنی حادثاتن پتہٕ پٹریو پؠٹھ واپس رولنگ سٹاک ننہٕ تہٕ پٹریہ چہ عام دیکھ بھال خٲطرٕ 10 ٹن کوونز شیلڈن ٹریولنگ کرینٕچ ڈلیوری۔ زیٛادٕ سرمٲیی تہٕ رکھ رکھہٕ کھؠتہٕ تہٕ مشکل کامک حالاتہٕ کنہ آو ریلوے باقیو لٲینیو کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ کرایہ ننک اجازت دنہٕ۔ اَمہِ باوجود اوس کمپنی 1904 ہس تام 16,525,000 روپیہ خرچ کوٚرمت تہٕ اَتھ لٲنہ ہنٛد نفع بخش گژھنک کانٛہہ نشان اوس نہٕ، ییٚمہ کہ وجہ سٟتؠ یہِ حکوٗمتن 1 جَنؤری 1906 ہس مَنٛز 17,107,748 روپیہ کننک بٲعث بنیوو۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Priya&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Priya|first=R.|title=The Development Of Mountain Railways In India A Study: Kalka - Shimla Railway|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/190126/6/chapter%204.pdf|access-date=November 26, 2018|publisher=University of Madras|page=116 to 143}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFPriya&quot;&gt;Priya, R. [http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/190126/6/chapter%204.pdf &quot;The Development Of Mountain Railways In India A Study: Kalka - Shimla Railway&quot;] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. University of Madras۔ p.&amp;nbsp;116 to 143&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;26 November&lt;/span&gt; 2018&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; اکہ لٹہ ییٚلہ یہِ حوٚکوٗمَتھ کس اختیارس مَنٛز آو یہِ لٲنہ ٲس اصلی 1926 ہس تام لاہورس مَنٛز شمال مغربی ریلوے دفتر پؠٹھ أکس آزاد اکٲیی ہٕنٛدس طورس پیٚٹھ چلاونہٕ یوان، ییٚلہ یہِ دلہ ڈِویجَنس مَنٛز منتقل کرنہٕ آیہ۔ جُلَے 1987 پیٹھہٕ چھ امبالا کینٹ پؠٹھ امبالا ڈِویجَن اَتھ لٲنہ ہنٛد انتظام کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;IR1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=World Heritage Site - Kalka Shimla Railway: An Introduction|url=http://www.nr.indianrailways.gov.in/KSR/1.pdf|access-date=December 5, 2018|publisher=Indian Railways}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;&quot;&gt;[http://www.nr.indianrailways.gov.in/KSR/1.pdf &quot;World Heritage Site - Kalka Shimla Railway: An Introduction&quot;] &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;(PDF)&lt;/span&gt;. Indian Railways&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;. Retrieved &lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;5 December&lt;/span&gt; 2018&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;

2007 مَنٛز، [[ہِماچَل پرَٛدیش|ہماچل پردیش]] حکوٗمتن کوٚر ریلوے اَکھ وراثتی ملکیت قرار۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/004200708130322.htm|title=HP declares Kalka–Shimla railway as 'heritage' property|date=2007-08-13|journal=The Hindu|accessdate=2007-08-13|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080927210127/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/004200708130322.htm|archivedate=27 September 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; تَقریٖبَن اکہ ہفتہٕ تام، 11 سَتَمبَر 2007 پیٹھہٕ شۆروٗع گژھتھ، یونیسکو کہ اکہ ٹیمن کوٚر عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ کس طورس پؠٹھ ممکنہٕ انتخاب خٲطرٕ ریلوےک دورٕ۔ 8 جُلَے 2008 بنیوو یہِ دارجلنگ ہمالیائی تہٕ نیلگیری ماؤنٹین ریلوے سٟتؠ ہندوستان کس عالمی ثقافتی ورثہٕ کس پہاڑی ریلوے ہنٛد حصہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|journal=The Hindu Business Line|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2008/07/09/stories/2008070951530700.htm|title=Kalka–Shimla Railway makes it to Unesco's World Heritage list|date=2008-07-09|accessdate=2008-07-10|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090625175612/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2008/07/09/stories/2008070951530700.htm|archivedate=25 June 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=July 8, 2008|title=Kalka-Shimla Railway is now a World Heritage Site|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/kalka-shimla-railway-is-now-a-world-heritage-site/586924|access-date=November 26, 2018|publisher=Outlook India}}&lt;/ref&gt;

2023 کس شمٲلی ہنٛدستان کس سیلابن دوران، لٲنہ ہنٛد واریاہ حصہٕ گیؠ زمین کھسکنہٕ سٟتؠ اوٚش۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=2023-08-15|title=Heritage track of 114-year-old Kalka-Shimla railway line suspended in air after landslide|journal=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/heritage-track-suspended-in-air-after-shimla-landslide/articleshow/102738348.cms?from=mdr|accessdate=2023-08-17|issn=0971-8257}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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'''روکھ''' (جمع: '''رٲکھؠ''') یا '''ژۄتہٕ کھونٛٹ''' (جمع: '''ژۄتہٕ کھٲنٛٹؠ''') چھُ انسانن ہند نیٚبرِم اناٹومی ہُنٛد زٕ گول حصہٕ، یُس پیلوک ریجن کہ پوسٹرس پؠٹھ واقع چھُ۔ روکھ چھِ کمرٕ کِس بٔنمِس حِصس تہٕ [[پوٗنٛت]] درمیان واقع۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book | title = The rear view: A brief and elegant history of bottoms through the ages | url = https://archive.org/details/rearviewbriefele0000henn_h8c3 | first = Jean-Luc | last = Hennig | year = 1995 | publisher = Souvenir | location = London | isbn = 0-285-63303-1}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==</text>
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'''سکوٹ جون مورِسَن''' (پٲدٲیِش 13 مئی 1968) چھِ اَکھ آسٹریلوی سابق سیاست دان یم 2018 پیٹھہٕ 2022 تام [[آسٹرٛیلیٛا|آسٹریلیاہک]] 30 ہم وزیر اعظم پٲٹھؠ کٲم کٔر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Scott Morrison: fast facts|url=https://www.naa.gov.au/explore-collection/australias-prime-ministers/scott-morrison/fast-facts|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231025210/https://www.naa.gov.au/explore-collection/australias-prime-ministers/scott-morrison/fast-facts|archive-date=31 December 2021|publisher=[[National Archives of Australia]]|accessdate=31 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:آسٹرٛیلیٛا سِیاسَتھ دان]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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ڈیکسٹرن 70 چھُ اکہِ قسمک سیال یُس خونُک حجم۔ بڑاونہٕ خٲطرٕ چھُ رگن مَنٛز انجیکشن کہ ذریعہٕ یوان دنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2008&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=WHO Model Formulary 2008|url=https://archive.org/details/whomodelformular00unse|year=2009|isbn=9789241547659|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|veditors=Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR|hdl=10665/44053|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization|hdl-access=free|pages=[https://archive.org/details/whomodelformular00unse/page/248 248],257–58,279,287}}&lt;/ref&gt; خاص طور پٲٹھؠ چھُ یہِ صدمہٕ۔ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال کَرنہٕ یوان ییٚلہِ خون بہنہٕ یا دذنہٕ کہ وجہ سٟتؠ چھ گژھان ییٚلہ خونٕچ منتقلی چھنہٕ جلدی دستیاب آسان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2016&quot; /&gt; تاہم، یہٕ چھُ نہٕ [[آکسیجَن|آکسیجن]] پَکنٲوِتھ ہیٚکان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2016&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Dextran 70|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/dextran-70.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170103093806/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/dextran-70.html|archive-date=3 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;

عام ضمنی اثراتن مَنٛز چھ الٹی، بخار تہٕ جوڑن ہنٛز دگ شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2016&quot; /&gt; باقی مضر اثراتس مَنٛز چھ الرجک رد عمل تہٕ خونک ناقص جمن شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO2008&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھنہٕ تمن لوٗکن مَنٛز تَجویٖز یوان کرنہٕ یمن گردٕ فیل چھُ، دلٕچ ناکٲمی، یا جمنٕچ خرابی چھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2016&quot; /&gt; [[بیٚیہِ زُو|حمل]] دوران چھنہٕ یہِ تَجویٖز کرنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF69&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=British national formulary : BNF 69|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf69britishnati0000unse|date=2015|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=9780857111562|page=[https://archive.org/details/bnf69britishnati0000unse/page/686 686]|edition=69}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation book cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot;&gt;''British national formulary : BNF 69'' (69&amp;nbsp;ed.). British Medical Association۔ 2015۔ p.&amp;nbsp;686. [[بَین الاقوٲمی معیار کِتاب نَمبَر|ISBN]]&amp;nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/9780857111562|&lt;bdi&gt;9780857111562&lt;/bdi&gt;]].&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ ایٚسٹراوسکولر جایہ پیٚٹھٕ رٲبطہٕ خون چہ شریٚن مَنٛز کڑتھ کٲم کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2016&quot; /&gt;

ڈیکسٹرن 70 آو 1947 ہس مَنٛز طِبی اِستِمال خٲطرٕ منظور کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Be2012&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=BeMiller|first=James N.|last2=Whistler|first2=Roy L.|title=Industrial Gums: Polysaccharides and Their Derivatives|date=2012|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=9780080926544|page=411|edition=3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UziD3opt5-wC&amp;pg=PA411|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170103165328/https://books.google.ca/books?id=UziD3opt5-wC&amp;pg=PA411|archive-date=2017-01-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھُ ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنائزیشنک ضۆروٗری ادویاتک فہرستس مَنٛز شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO21st&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|title=World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019|year=2019|hdl=10665/325771|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|id=WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO|hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; ترقی پذیر دنیا مَنٛز چھ تھوک قٟمَتھ تَقریٖبَن US $4.10-5.25 فی 500 ملی لیٹر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ERC2014&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Dextran 70 6% in Sod. chloride 0.9%|url=http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=240&amp;searchYear=2014|website=International Drug Price Indicator Guide|access-date=8 December 2016|archive-date=22 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122072957/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=240&amp;searchYear=2014|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; &amp;nbsp;برطانیہس مَنٛز چھ اَمہِ ڈوزٕچ قٟمَتھ NHS تَقریٖبَن 57.00 پاؤنڈ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BNF69&quot; /&gt; ریاستہائے متحدہس مَنٛز چھ امیک قۭمت تَقریٖبَن $25-50 فی ڈوز۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ric2015&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Hamilton|first=Richart|title=Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition|date=2015|publisher=Jones &amp; Bartlett Learning|isbn=9781284057560|page=167}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہٕ چھ یا تہٕ [[سیلاین|سوڈیم کلورائڈ حل]] یا [[گُلہِ کوز|گلوکوز حل]] مَنٛز یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHFS2016&quot; /&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[زٲژ:Translated from MDWiki]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''ہیٚڑَر''' (اَنٛگریٖزی: Mushroom &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=Mushroom Miscellany |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780007828920 |last=Harding |first=Patrick |year=2008 |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |isbn=978-0-00-728464-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780007828920/page/149 149]}}&lt;/ref&gt;) چھِ اَکھ [[فنگس|فنگسُک]] مؠوٕ  پان یُس سبزی طور کھؠنہٕ چھُ یِوان ۔ سٲری ہیٚٹر چھنہٕ آسان کھؠنہٕ لایَکھ تہِ کیٛازِ کہِ أڈؠ ہیٚڑَر چھِ زہرٕ لد تہٕ آسان ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کھؠن]]</text>
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    <title>سَلَف</title>
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        <id>8158</id>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="1535" sha1="7fuet6596hhv6a4fdqyugzpvz1mq0z8" xml:space="preserve">سَلَف ([[عَربی زَبان|عربی]]: '''سلف''':مطلب: '''جَد''' یا '''پتِم پُے''')، یمن اکثر السلف الصالح (السلف الصالح، '''نیک پتِم پُے''') کس اعزازی اظہار سٟتؠ تہٕ وننہٕ یوان چھُ، اکثر چھ [[مُسلمان|مسلمانن]] ہنٛز گۄڑنچہِ ترٛے [[پُے|پُیہِ]] سمجھنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Lacey|first=Robert|title=Inside the Kingdom, Kings, Clerics, Modernists, Terrorists, and the Struggle for Saudi Arabia|url=https://archive.org/details/insidekingdomkin0000lace|publisher=Viking|year=2009|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/insidekingdomkin0000lace/page/9 9]}}&lt;/ref&gt; اَتھ مَنٛز چھِ [[مُحَمَّد|رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم]] سٟنٛدؠ [[صُحابی|صحابہ]]، تِہند پیروکار ([[تابعین]]) تہٕ پیروکارن ہٕندؠ پیروکار ([[تبع تابعین]]) شٲمل۔ تریمہٕ پتہٕ مسلمانن ہنٛز پُیَن چھِ '''خَلَف''' وننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Brown|first=Jonathan A. C.|date=14 December 2009|title=Islamic Studies: Salafism|url=https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0070.xml?rskey=0OpaqS&amp;result=204|access-date=21 September 2023|website=Oxford Bibliographies|publisher=Oxford University Press|quote=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:اِسلٲمی اِصطلاح]]</text>
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    <title>سَنی لِیونی</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="3675" sha1="1jh1p2oxnkknv397t01et1nrj0b4wrs" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person/Wikidata|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=No|caption=2022وس منٛز|occupation=[[اداکٲر]] &lt;br&gt; برٛونٛہہ: [[لؠکَل فِلمی اداکٲر]]}}

'''کَرَنجیٖت &quot;کیرن&quot; کور ووہرا''' (پیدٲیش مئی 13، 1981) ، یُس پننِس سٹیج ناو '''سَنی لِیونی''' سٟتؠ زاننہٕ چھِ یوان چھَ، چھِ اَکھ کینیڈین امریکی اداکأر، ماڈل تہٕ سٲبقہٕ [[لؠکَل فِلمی اداکار]]'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/film/a-sunny-day-in-sarnia/article4098311/|title=A Sunny day in Sarnia|journal=The Globe and Mail|accessdate=July 16, 2016|archivedate=December 25, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225170030/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/film/a-sunny-day-in-sarnia/article4098311/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=How Karen Malhotra turned into a world-famous porn star Sunny Leone|url=http://www.santabanta.com/bollywood/51052/how-karen-malhotra-turned-into-a-world-famous-porn-star-sunny-leone/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225170031/http://www.santabanta.com/bollywood/51052/how-karen-malhotra-turned-into-a-world-famous-porn-star-sunny-leone/|archive-date=December 25, 2018|access-date=July 16, 2016|website=santabanta.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;sunnyleone.com&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Sunny Leone – Desi Porn|url=http://www.sunnyleone.com/en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225170019/https://www.sunnyleone.com/en|archive-date=December 25, 2018|access-date=April 11, 2015|website=SunnyLeone.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Sunny Leone profile|url=http://www.avn.com/porn-stars/Sunny-Leone-274888.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225165959/https://avn.com/porn-stars/sunny-leone-274888.html|archive-date=December 25, 2018|access-date=December 27, 2015|publisher=AVN}}&lt;/ref&gt;'''

==اِبتدٲے زِندگی==

کَرَنجیٖت کور ووہرا زایہ 13 مئی 1981 [[سرنیا]]، [[اونٹاریو]] ہس مَنٛز [[سِکھ]] ہِندوستٲنؠ [[پَنٛجٲبؠ لوٗکھ|پنجابی]] مٲلِس ماجہِ مَنٛز۔ أکس نوجوان کورِ ہٕنٛدس طورس پیٚٹھ، ٲس سۄ پانہٕ بیان کرنہٕ آمٕژ ٹوم بواے ، واریاہ ایتھلیٹک تہٕ ٲس لٔڑکن سٟتؠ سٹریٹ ہاکی گِنٛدان۔

حالانٛکہِ یہِ عیال اوس سِکھ، تٔمؠ سٕنٛدِ مٲلؠ ماجہِ کوٚر سۄ کیتھولک سکوٗلَس مَنٛز داخلہٕ تِکیازِ یہِ اوس تٔمِس خٲطرٕ پبلک سکول گژھُن غٲر محفوٗظ باسان۔ ییٚلہ سۄ 13 وُہٕر ٲس، تٔمؠ سُنٛد عیال گوٚو [[فورٹ گریٹیوٹ]]، [[مِشیگن]]، پتہٕ [[لیک فاریسٹ]]، [[کیلیفورنیا|کیلیفورنیاہس]] مَنٛز، اکہ ؤری پتہٕ، تہٕ أمؠ سٕنٛدس بٔڑؠ بَب تہٕ نانہِ ہُنٛد خواب پوٗرٕ کران زِ یہِ عیال گژھہِ أکس جایہٕ اِکوَٹہٕ گژھُن۔ تٔمؠ کٔر 11 ؤرشہِ مَنٛز پنٕنؠ گۄڑنٕچ [[مۄنؠ]]، 16 ؤری وٲنٛسہِ مَنٛز راوٕنؠ پنٕنؠ [[انہَرِشیَت]] أکس باسکٹ بال کھلٲڑیَس سٟتؠ، تہٕ 18 ؤرشہِ مَنٛز کوٚرُن پنٕنؠ [[دو جنسیت]] دریافت۔

==حَوالہٕ ==
[[زٲژ:لؠکَل فِلمی اداکٲر]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]
[[زٲژ:کینَڈی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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'''سید نواب علی چودھری''' (29 دَسَمبَر 1863 - 17 اپریل 1929) اوس مشرقی بنگال (جدید [[بَنٛگلہ دیٖش]]) کِس [[تانگیل]] کِس دھنباری ہُنٛد نواب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;blp2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last1=Salam|first1=Muhammad Abdus|title=Chowdhury, Nawab Ali|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Chowdhury,_Nawab_Ali|access-date=8 July 2015|website=Banglapedia}}&lt;/ref&gt;  سُہ اوس [[ڈھاکہ یونیورسٹی]] ہٕنٛدیو بٲنی کارو مَنٛز اَکھ۔ سُہ اوس اِکوَٹ بنگالُک گۄڈنیُک مُسلمان ؤزیٖر۔ سُہ اوس وزیر تٲلیٖم۔ تمہِ سُنٛد زُر [[محمد علی بوگرہ|محمد علی بوگرا]] بنیٛوو [[پٲکِستانُک ؤزیٖرِ اَعظَم|پٲکِستانُک ترٛیٚیِم ؤزیٖر اعظم]] ۔ تٔمہِ سُنٛد نیٚچُو تہٕ بوگرا سُنٛد پیٚتٕر سید حسن علی چودھری اوس مشرِقی پٲکِستان کِس حکوٗمتَس مَنٛز ؤزیٖر تہٕ بنگلہ دیش کِس جاتیو سنسادُک رُکُن پارلیمنٹ۔

==حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:بَنٛگلہ دیٖشی سِیاسَتھ دان]]
[[زٲژ:1863 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:1929 وَفات]]</text>
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      <text bytes="972" sha1="qip6cb31gh5j5o3i7cpdc73x610rpef" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder/Wikidata}}'''سَروپلی رادھا کِرٛشنَن''' (5 سَتَمبَر 1888-17 اپریل 1975) اوس اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ تعلیمی، فلسفی تہٕ سیاست دان یم 1952 پیٹھہٕ 1962 تام ہندوستانُک نٲیب صدر تہٕ 1962 پیٹھہٕ 1967 تام ہندوستانُک صدر پٲٹھؠ کٲم کٔر۔  سُہ اوس 1949 پؠٹھٕ 1952 تام سوویت یونینس مَنٛز ہندوستانُک سفیر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;BharatRatna&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Padma Awards Directory (1954–2007)|url=http://www.mha.nic.in/pdfs/PadmaAwards1954-2007.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304070427/http://mha.nic.in/pdfs/PadmaAwards1954-2007.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2009|access-date=26 November 2010|publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ سِیاسَتدان]]
[[زٲژ:1888 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:1975 وَفات]]</text>
      <sha1>qip6cb31gh5j5o3i7cpdc73x610rpef</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>شی جِن پِنٛگ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>26263</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147680</id>
      <parentid>125133</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:40:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''شی جِن پِنٛگ''' (15 جون 1953 مَنٛز پیدٲیش) چھِ اَکھ چینی سیاست دان یُس چینی کمیونسٹ پارٹی ہُنٛد جنرل سکریٹری تہٕ سینٹرل ملٹری کمیشنُک (سی ایم سی) چیئرمین چھِ تہٕ اَتھ پٲٹھؠ چھُ 2012 پیٹھہٕ چینُک اعلیٰ رہنما۔ 2013 پؠٹھٕ چھِ شی چینُک صدٕر تہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/china-profile-xi-jinping/24764283.html|title=Profile: Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping|date=7 November 2012|publisher=[[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]]|access-date=26 August 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019083336/http://www.rferl.org/content/china-profile-xi-jinping/24764283.html|archive-date=19 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:چیٖنی سِیاسَتھ دان]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>8cbkklr65d7y63vlnwg7x9kr8wmqofu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ریان چینٛگ (اداکار)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>26267</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147523</id>
      <parentid>125308</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T05:22:47Z</timestamp>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147523</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1408" sha1="20tww71a5jsag0ze067wp3spbfjkac3" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ}}

'''یَنٛگ ہوئکشیٛانٛگ''' ( زامُت دَسَمبَر 18، 1993) پیشہٕ ورانہ طورس پؠٹھ '''ریان چینٛگ''' یا '''چینٛگ لی''' کہ ناوٕ سٟتؠ چھُ زاننہٕ یوان چھُ اَکھ چینی اداکار۔  تٔمؠ کٔر ڈراما اے فامیلیئر سٹرینجرس (2022) مَنٛز شیاؤ ہانشینگ سُنٛد کردار ادا کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ پہچان حٲصل۔ گونٛگ شانگجوے میٲنؠ سفر ٹو یو (2023) مَنٛز تہٕ شیاؤ جوے لیجنڈ آف دی فیمل جنرلس (2025) مَنٛز۔&lt;ref name=&quot;COS&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Lily Chang|title=陸劇《錦月如歌》周也地獄歸來，只為奪回屬於她的一切！霸氣女將手撕渣族，攜手丞磊組戰場CP展開復仇史詩|url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/tw/entertainment/movies/g65620629/legend-of-the-female-general/|accessdate=22 August 2025|publisher=[[Cosmopolitan (magazine)|Cosmopolitan]]|date=13 August 2025|language=zh}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ZMN&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=千山茶客又一改编影视作品登场，周也、丞磊共赴命运战场|url=https://www.ctdsb.net/c1742_202508/2505075.html|accessdate=22 August 2025|publisher=Jimu News|date=9 August 2025|language=zh}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:چیٖنی اداکار]]
[[زٲژ:1993 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>20tww71a5jsag0ze067wp3spbfjkac3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>شمائل ندوی</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>26362</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147657</id>
      <parentid>125591</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:33:41Z</timestamp>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147657</origin>
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'''شمائل ندوی''' (پٲدٲیِش: 7 جوٗن 1998)، یُس مفتی شمائل ندوی ناوٕ سٟتؠ تہِ زاننہٕ چھُ یِوان، چھُ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ اِسلامی عٲلِم تہٕ مَزہبی مُقرر۔ سُہ آو 2025 ہَس مَنٛز [[نٔو دِل|نیہِ دِلہِ]] مَنٛز شٲعر تہٕ نغمہٕ نگار [[جاوید اختر|جاوید اخترَس]] سٟتؠ [[دَے|خۄدایہ]] سٕنٛدِس وجودَس پؠٹھ قومی سطحس پؠٹھ احاطہ کٔرِتھ عوٲمی بَحَثَس مَنٛز حصہٕ نِنہٕ پتہٕ سرٛۄن عوٲمی توجہٕ حٲصِل۔

==اِبتدٲے زِندگی==

شمائل ندوی زاے 7 جوٗن 1998 [[سِریٖنَگَر]]، جموں و کشمیر، ہِندوستانَس مَنٛز۔ حالانٛکہِ سِرینگرَس مَنٛز زامُت، تٔمؠ سٕنٛز پرورش گٔیہِ بُنیٲدی طور [[کَلٕکَتا|کلکَتاہس]] مَنٛز، ییٚتہِ تٔمؠ سٕنٛز زِیٛادٕ تَر تٲلیٖم تہٕ پرورش گٔیہِ۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدِس خاندٲنی ہس منظر مَنٛز چھِ [[وَرمُل]]، جموں و کشمیرس مَنٛز ماجہِ ہٕنٛدِ موٗل شٲمِل تہٕ مٲلؠ سٕنٛدِ موٗل کلکتہ مَنٛز چھِ، ییٚتہِ سُہ روزان چھُ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ObserverPost&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Does God Exist? Debate in New Delhi puts spotlight on Islamic scholar Mufti Shamail Nadwi|url=https://theobserverpost.com/does-god-exist-debate-in-new-delhi-puts-spotlight-on-islamic-scholar-mufti-shamail-nadwi/|work=The Observer Post|date=22 December 2025|access-date=25 December 2025|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==تٲلیٖم==

یِمو کٔر پنٕنؠ مذہبی تٲلیٖم دارالعلوم ندوت العلمہ، لکھنؤ (ہندوستان) نِشہِ حٲصِل، یُس برصغیر کؠن سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ اَہَم اِسلٲمی تٲلیٖمی اِدارَن مَنٛز اَکھ چھُ۔ تمو کٔر الہیات کین مختلف شعبن مَنٛز تٲلیٖم حٲصل یَتھ مَنٛز قرآن تہٕ تفسیر، حدیٖث تہٕ اصوٗل، فقہ تہٕ اصول، عقیدہ تہٕ اِسلأمی فِکر شٲمل چھِ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ مُسَلمان]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ مُسَلمان]]
[[زٲژ:1998 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>5zshnry6iuhyajq5w0rj0bxaj8r24gr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سیلِیا فلوریس</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>26452</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147632</id>
      <parentid>126121</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:22:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147632</origin>
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      <text bytes="1345" sha1="hiola7lcwa11dg2qf3id7aonkxg6p5l" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder/Wikidata}}

سیلِیا ایڈلا فلوریس ڈی مادورو (پیدٲیش 15 اکتوبر 1956) چھ اَکھ وینیزویلا ہک وکیل تہٕ سیاست دان یوس وینیزویلا کہ خاتون اول کِس طورس پؠٹھ کٲم ٲس کران۔ تیم کوٚر [[نِکولاس مادُرو|نِکولاس مادُروس]] سٟتؠ خانٛدر، یم 2013 ہس مَنٛز وینیزویلا کہ صدر کِس طورس پؠٹھ کٲم کٕر یوٚتام کہ تیم جوٗرؠ ٲس [[2026 اَمریٖکن وینِنزیوٗلاہس پؠٹھ حملہٕ|2026 ہس مَنٛز امریکہ کہ طرفہٕ قٲد کرنہٕ آے]]۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NMC&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Bergengruen|first=Vera|date=3 January 2026|title=Maduro Faces Federal Drug-Trafficking Charges in U.S.|url=https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/venezuela-strikes/card/maduro-faces-federal-drug-trafficking-charges-in-u-s--hqFy8dcmWFBCuxLJNORl|access-date=3 January 2026|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|archive-url=|archive-date=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=3 January 2026|title=Indictment|url=https://www.justice.gov/opa/media/1422326/dl|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=3 January 2026|website=Justice.gov}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:وینَزوٗیِلٲے سِیاسَتھ دان]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>hiola7lcwa11dg2qf3id7aonkxg6p5l</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>طارِق حمیٖد کَرا</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>26455</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147695</id>
      <parentid>126071</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:46:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147695</origin>
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'''طارِق حمیٖد کَرا''' (زامُت: 28 جوٗن 1955) چھُ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیرُک]] اَکھ ہِنٛدُستٲنؠ سِیاسَتھ دان تہٕ [[سِریٖنَگَر|سِرینگر]] پؠٹھٕ اوس [[سِریٖنَگَر لوک سَبھا حلقہٕ|16 مِس لوک سَبھایہِ]] ہُنٛد رُکُن پارلِمؠنٛٹ۔ سُہ چھُ وُنکینَس [[جموں کشمیر پی سی سی]] کِس صدٕر سٕنٛدِ حثیتہٕ خدمات انجام دِوان۔ سُہ چھُ [[سنٹرل شلٹینگ اسمبلی حلقہٕ|سنٹرل شلٹینگ حلقہٕ]] پؠٹھٕ قانون ساز اسمبلی ہُنٛد رُکُن تہِ۔

تٔمؠ اوس 2014 ہُک ہِنٛدُستانُک عام چُناو، [[جموں و کشمیر پیپلٕز ڈیموکریٹِک پارٹی|جموں و کشمیر پیپلز ڈیموکریٹک پارٹی]] ہُنٛد وۄمیدوار آسنہٕ کِنؠ نیشنل کانفرنسٕکؠ ڈاکٹر [[فاروق عبدالله|فاروق عبداللہ]] ہس 40,000 کھۄتہٕ زِیٛادٕ ووٹَو سٟتؠ شکست دِژمٕژ، تہٕ یِتھ پٲٹھؠ دِتُن تجرُبہٕ کار سِیاستدانَس 40,000 کھۄتہٕ زِیٛادٕ ووٹَو سٟتؠ شِکست دِژمٕژ۔ سُہ اوس شۆروٗع پیٹھے بی جے پی-پی ڈی پی یکجوتُک سؠٹھاہ تَنقیٖد نِگار تہٕ لوک سبھا تہٕ پی ڈی پی نشہِ اِستِفہٕ، یِمَن مَنٛز سُہ سَتَمبَر 2016 ہَس مَنٛز بےٚ گناہ شہری ہلاکتَن خٕلاف احتجاج کِس نِشانہٕ پٲٹھؠ بُنیٲدی رُکُن اوس تہٕ پتہٕ گوٚو فَرؤری 2017 ہَس مَنٛز انڈین نیشنل کانگریسَس مَنٛز شٲمِل تہٕ پتہٕ آو کانگریس ورکنگ کمیٹی ہُنٛد رُکُن نامزد کرنہٕ۔  وادی کٔشیٖرِ ہٕنٛدِ کُنہِ تہِ سِیاستدان سٕنٛدِ خٲطرٕ گۄڈنُیٛک۔ تٔمؠ چھِ جموں و کشمیر ریاستہٕ خٲطرٕ خزانہٕ، منصوبہٕ بندی تہٕ وزیر قانون سٕنٛدِ حشیتہٕ تہِ کٲم کٔرمٕژ۔ وُنکینَس چھُ سُہ جے کے پی سی سی صدر تہٕ [[سنٹرل شلٹینگ اسمبلی حلقہٕ|سنٹرل شلٹینگ اسمبلی حلقٕک]] قانون ساز اسمبلی ہٕنٛدِ رُکُن سٕنٛدِ حثیتہٕ خدمات انجام دِوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Constituencywise-All Candidates|url=http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS092.htm?ac=2|url-status=dead|accessdate=17 May 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519233326/http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS092.htm?ac=2|archivedate=19 May 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Tariq Hameed Karra|url=http://india.gov.in/my-government/indian-parliament/tariq-hameed-karra|publisher=India.gov.in|accessdate=24 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister Omar Abdullah engaging in double speak over IIT issue : PDP|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/jammu-and-kashmir-chief-minister-omar-abdullah-engaging-in-doublespeak-over-iit-issue-pdp/articleshow/38327503.cms|accessdate=24 September 2014|work=[[The Economic Times]]|location=[[Sri Nagar]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;At Least 13 New MLAs In Jammu And Kashmir Are From Political Families&quot;&gt;{{cite news|last1=NDTV|date=13 October 2024|title=At Least 13 New MLAs In Jammu And Kashmir Are From Political Families|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/at-least-13-new-mlas-in-jammu-and-kashmir-are-from-political-families-6779727|accessdate=13 October 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Election Commission of India|date=8 October 2024|title=J&amp;K Assembly Election Results 2024 - Central Shalteng|url=https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenOct2024/candidateswise-U0826.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250709170244/https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenOct2024/candidateswise-U0826.htm|archive-date=9 July 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ سِیاسَتدان]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>24xnyxu9ct6qylwz84fw4rqabjd8pnh</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>عادِل منظوٗر پیٖر</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>26472</id>
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      <id>147702</id>
      <parentid>126650</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:48:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147702</origin>
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      <text bytes="8369" sha1="i0mrqmvoe5nfegtpon744neg3g5ms5u" xml:space="preserve">{{اِنسان معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ
| name               = عادِل منظوٗر پیٖر
| image              = Aadil Manzoor.jpg
| other_names        = سید عادی
| birth_date         = {{Birth date and age|1997|03|02|df=yes}}
| birth_place        = حلمت پور،  [[کۄپوور ضِلہٕ|کۄپوور]]، [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]]
| nationality        = ہِندوستٲنؠ
| style              = دٔچھُن اَتھہٕ
| parents            = منظوٗر احمد تہٕ فہمیدہ بیگم
| website            = https://www.twitter.com/iamsyedaadi
}}
عادِل منظوٗر پیٖر، یُس سید عادی ناوٕ سٟتؠ مشہوٗر چھُ، چھُ اَکھ کٲشُر بین الاقوٲمی آیس سٹاک کھیلن ہُنٛد کھلٲڑؠ۔   عادی یَس چھِ  دٔچھُن اَتھُک انداز۔ تٔمؠ چھِ بین الاقوٲمی سطحَس پؠٹھ ہندوستانٕچ نمائندگی کٔرمٕژ۔ 2018 ہَس مَنٛز کٔر عادل منظوٗر پیرَن آسٹریاہَس مَنٛز ہندوستانٕچ نُمٲینٛدٕگی تہٕ روٗد 10ہِمِس نمبرَس پؠٹھ ۔ کھیلو انڈیا نیشنل ونٹر گیمز کِس 2 مِس ایڈیشنَس مَنٛز زیٖنِن جموں و کشمیرٕ خٲطرٕ آیس سٹاک ایونٹَن مَنٛز 3 سۄنہٕ تمغہٕ۔

== ٹورنامنٹ ریکارڈ ==
مُقابلٕکؠ تمام نتیٖجہٕ&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-11-25|title=Meet Aadil Manzoor peer from kupwara who won the Gold medal in 2021 khelo india ICESTOCK sports. - The Global Kashmir|url=https://globalkashmir.net/meet-aadil-manzoor-peer-from-kupwara-who-won-the-gold-medal-in-2021-khelo-india-icestock-sports/|access-date=2023-11-12|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=2nd Khelo India National Winter Games|url=https://asianmail.in/2021/03/01/2nd-khelo-india-national-winter-games/|access-date=2023-11-12|website=Asian Mail}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=migrator|date=2021-03-03|title=KU student bags 3 gold medals at Khelo India event|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/sports/ku-student-bags-3-gold-medals-at-khelo-india-event/|access-date=2023-11-12|website=Greater Kashmir|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2021-09-17|title=KUPWARA ICE STOCK TEAM SPONSORED BY KUPWARA TERRIERS SECURES 19 MEDALS IN NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIP|url=https://kashmirglacier.com/2021/09/17/kupwara-ice-stock-team-sponsored-by-kupwara-terriers-secures-19-medals-in-national-championship/|access-date=2023-11-12|website=Kashmir Glacier|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-11-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231112045330/https://kashmirglacier.com/2021/09/17/kupwara-ice-stock-team-sponsored-by-kupwara-terriers-secures-19-medals-in-national-championship/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2024-02-13|title=Aadil Shines Bright At 10th National Icestock Championship, Securing Three Golds And One Silver - Current News Of India|url=https://cnionline.in/aadil-shines-bright-at-10th-national-icestock-championship-securing-three-golds-and-one-silver/|access-date=2024-02-14|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Bharat|first=E. T. V.|date=2025-03-16|title=Kashmir's Aadil Manzoor Shines As India Wins Bronze At Icestock World Championship 2025 In Austria|url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!sports/kashmirs-aadil-manzoor-shines-as-india-wins-bronze-at-icestock-world-championship-2025-in-austria-enn25031601785|access-date=2025-08-09|website=ETV Bharat News|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 80%;&quot;
!ؤری
!مُقابلہٕ
!دَرٕجہٕ
!جاے
!مُقام
|-
|2013
|گۄڈنُیٛک قۄمی [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|قۄمی
|[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] (گُل مَرٕگ) {{flagIOC|IND|}}
|{{gold medal}}
|-
|2015
|دوٚیِم قۄمی [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|قۄمی
|[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] {{flagIOC|IND|}}
|{{gold medal}}
|-
|2016
|ترِٛیِم قۄمی [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|قۄمی
|[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] {{flagIOC|IND|}}
|{{gold medal}}
|-
|2017
|څوٚریم قۄمی [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|قۄمی
|[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] {{flagIOC|IND|}}
|{{gold medal}}
|-
|2018
|پٲنٛڅِم قۄمی [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|قۄمی
|[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] {{flagIOC|IND|}}
|{{gold medal}} {{silver medal}}
|-
|2018
|۱۲ [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] وَرلڈ کَپ
|عٲلَمی چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|[[آسٹرٛیا|آسٹرِیا]] {{flagicon|Austria|}}
|دٔہِم دَرٕجہٕ
|-
|2019
|شِیم قۄمی [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|قۄمی
|[[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] {{flagIOC|IND|}}
|{{gold medal}} {{gold medal}} {{silver medal}}
|-
|2019
|بَین الاَقوٲمی [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] کَپ
|بَین الاَقوٲمی
|[[China|چیٖن]] {{flagicon|China|}}
|پٲنٛڅِم دَرٕجہٕ
|-
|2021
|سَتِم قۄمی [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|قۄمی
|[[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] {{flagIOC|IND|}}
|{{gold medal}} {{silver medal}}
|-
|2021
|دوٚیِم کھیلو اِنڈِیا قۄمی وَندٕ گیمٕز
|قۄمی
|[[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|گُل مَرٕگ]] {{flagIOC|IND|}}
|{{Gold medal}} {{Gold medal}} {{Gold medal}}
|-
|2021
|گرما قۄمی [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|قۄمی
|[[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] {{flagIOC|IND|}} ایس کے اَیی ایس سی
|{{Gold medal}} {{Gold medal}} {{Gold medal}} {{Gold medal}}
|-
|2022
|ٲٹھِم قۄمی [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|قۄمی
|[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] {{flagIOC|IND|}}
|{{gold medal}} {{silver medal}}
|-
|2022
|۱۴ [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] عٲلَمی چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|عٲلَمی چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|[[رِٹَن]] {{flagIOC|ITA|}}
|سَتِم دَرٕجہٕ
|-
|2023
|نَوِم قۄمی [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|قۄمی
|[[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|گُل مَرٕگ]] {{flagIOC|IND|}}
|{{Gold medal}} {{Gold medal}} {{Gold medal}} {{Gold medal}} {{Bronze medal}}
|-
|2023
|ترِٛیِم کھیلو اِنڈِیا قۄمی وَندٕ گیمٕز
|قۄمی
|[[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|گُل مَرٕگ]] {{flagIOC|IND|}}
|{{Gold medal}} {{Gold medal}} {{silver medal}} {{Bronze medal}}
|-
|2023
|دوٚیِم گرما قۄمی [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|قۄمی
|[[پوٗنے|پوٗنے مہاراشٹرا]] {{flagIOC|IND|}}
|{{Gold medal}} {{Gold medal}} {{silver medal}}
|-
|2024
|دٔہِم قۄمی [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|قۄمی
|[[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|گُل مَرٕگ]] {{flagIOC|IND|}}
|{{Gold medal}} {{Gold medal}} {{Gold medal}} {{silver medal}}
|-
|2024
|ترِٛیِم گرما قۄمی [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|قۄمی
|[[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|سِریٖنَگر]] {{flagIOC|IND|}}
|{{silver medal}}  {{silver medal}}  {{silver medal}}  {{silver medal}}
|-
|2025
|۱۵ [[ice stock sport|آئِس سِٹاک سِپورٹ]] عٲلَمی چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|عٲلَمی چیٚمپِیَن شِپ
|[[آسٹرٛیا|آسٹرِیا]] {{flagicon|Austria|}}
|{{Bronze medal}}
|}

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ کھِلٲڑؠ]]
[[زٲژ:1997 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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        <id>8158</id>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="1687" sha1="m982boswoxku54dmboz5236w1ua8jfs" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox ethnic group/Wikidata|languages=[[صومالی زَبان]]|native_place=[[صومالیہ]]|population=27.7 مِلین}}

'''صومٲلؠ لوٗکھ''' چھُ اَکھ کوشیٹکس نسلی گرٛوپ تہٕ قوم یم [[افریٖقہ ہُک ہؠنٛگ|جزیرٕ نما صومالی]] ہُنٛد باشندٕ چھِ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Cassanelli|first=Lee V.|title=The Shaping of Somali Society: Reconstructing the History of a Pastoral People, 1600-1900|url=https://archive.org/details/shapingofsomalis0000cass|date=2016|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0-8122-7832-3|series=The Ethnohistory Series|location=Philadelphia, Pa|page=[https://archive.org/details/shapingofsomalis0000cass/page/3 3]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F2SRqDzB50wC|title=Concise Encyclopedia of Languages of the World|date=2010-04-06|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-08-087775-4|language=en-GB|access-date=2023-10-25}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;2009factbook&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=14 May 2009|title=Somalia|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/somalia/|access-date=31 May 2009|website=[[World Factbook]]|publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]]|archive-date=22 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250822103819/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/somalia/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; تیم چھِ زیٛادٕ تر [[سُنی|سنی مسلمان]]&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=23 September 2023|title=Somali-people|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Somali-people|website=Britannica}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:صومٲلؠ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>m982boswoxku54dmboz5236w1ua8jfs</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>سلمان بِن عبدالعزیٖز آل سعود</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147562</origin>
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      <text bytes="948" sha1="otc2k1av6d73n2fgc5m375lsbt8avgo" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox royalty/Wikidata}}

'''سلمان بن عبد العزیز آل سعودی''' ( پٲدٲیِش 31 دَسَمبَر 1935) چھُ سعودی عربک بادشاہ، یُس 2015 پیٹھہٕ چھ آمت تھاونہٕ۔  سہ اوس 2015 پؠٹھٕ 2022 تام سعودی عربک وزیر اعظم تہٕ۔ أمس چھِ کم از کم 18 ارب امریکی ڈالرٕچ ذٲتی دولت، ییٚمہ سٟتہ سُہ دُنؠ‌یاہک ترٛیٚیم امیر ترین شٲہی بنان چھُ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2021-03-03|title=The power, politics and possessions of the 'world's richest royals'|url=https://www.9news.com.au/national/saudi-arabian-royals-king-salman-mohammed-bin-salman-wealth-power-controversies/59cfe887-8556-4d07-8d22-094745cf4eb0|access-date=2023-10-27|website=www.9news.com.au}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:سوٗدی عربٕکؠ رازٕ خاندان]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>otc2k1av6d73n2fgc5m375lsbt8avgo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ظفر چودھری</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>26549</id>
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        <id>9889</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147698</origin>
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      <text bytes="2638" sha1="flhuv6yd332461p4kd9w8yf791tbh2k" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox writer
| name             = ظفر چودھری
| embed            = 
| honorific_prefix = 
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| native_name      = 
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| image            = 20211219 130021 remastered.jpg
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| pseudonym        = 
| birth_name       = 
| birth_date       = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1975|02|09|YYYY|MM|DD}}
| birth_place      = [[راجوری]]، جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر
| death_date       = 
| death_place      = 
| resting_place    = 
| occupation       = [[شؠچھ وٲنؠ]]
| language         = 
| education        = [[لندن سکول آف اکنامکس]]
| period           = 
| genre            = &lt;!-- or: &lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt; genres = --&gt;
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| spouse           = اِرم بیگ
| partner          = &lt;!-- or: &lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt; partners = --&gt;
| children         = 
| relatives        = [[شاہد اقبال چودھری]] (بوے)
جاوید اقبال چودھری سینیٹر (بوے)
| awards           = * 2017 منٛز [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جموں و کشمیر]] حکومت طرفہٕ دِیٛۆتمُت
| signature        = 
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'''ظفر چودھری''' چھُ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ [[شؠچھ وٲنؠ|صحافی]]، مصنف، پالیسی تجزیہ کار، تہٕ امن تعمیرک عمل کار۔&lt;ref name=&quot;KashmirLife&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Interview of Zafar Choudhary…There is some realignment within the administration|url=https://kashmirlife.net/interview-issue-13-vol-07-80828/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=About Zafar Choudhary|url=https://www.thedispatch.in/the-dispatch-about-policies-and-standards/#about|publisher=TheDispactin}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ چھُ دی ''ڈسپیچ'' بانی ایڈیٹر ان چیٖف، یُس اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ آن لائن خبرٕ، رائے تہٕ تجزیٲتی پورٹل چھِ یس جموں و کشمیرس مَنٛز ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Why I wrote a book on Jammu Muslims|url=https://www.dailyo.in/user/7978/zafar-choudhary|publisher=LinkedIn}}&lt;/ref&gt; &amp;nbsp; سُہ اوس 1975 تھس مَنٛز جموں و کشمیر کس [[راجوری ضِلہٕ]] کس دوٗر دراز گام ریہانس مَنٛز زامُت۔ 

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:لِکھٲرؠ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>flhuv6yd332461p4kd9w8yf791tbh2k</sha1>
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  <page>
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    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-03T21:47:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>8158</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="1425" sha1="tj1txspeb4ocqk54a91mtikk5nzsemc" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox deity|type=Hindu|image=South India, late Chola Period - Yoga Narashimha, Vishnu in his Man-Lion Avatar - 1973.187 - Cleveland Museum of Art.tif|devanagari=|sanskrit_transliteration=|abode=|mantra=ugraṃ vīraṃ mahāviṣṇuṃ jvalantaṃ sarvatomukham {{!}}

nṛsiṃhaṃ bhīṣaṇaṃ bhadraṃ mṛtyumṛtyuṃ namāmyaham {{!}}{{!}}|festivals=[[ہولی]]، نرسِمہا جیانتی}}
&lt;references /&gt;
'''نرسِنٛگھ''' یا '''نرسِمہا''' (مطلب:نرسٕہہ)چھُ [[ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم|ہؠندی درمس]] مَنٛز اَکھ دیوتا، یُس [[وؠشنوٗ]] سٕنٛدؠو دَہو اَہَم اوتارَو (دشوتار) مَنٛز ژوٗرِم ماننہٕ چھُ یِوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Blurton|first=T. Richard|title=Hindu art|url=https://archive.org/details/hinduart0000blur|date=1993|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=0-674-39188-8|location=Cambridge, Mass.|pages=[https://archive.org/details/hinduart0000blur/page/123 123]|oclc=25833896}}&lt;/ref&gt; اِنسٲنی دھڑ تہٕ شیر سٕنٛدِ کَلہٕ تہٕ پنجہٕ سٟتؠ ہاونہٕ آمُت، نرسمہا چھُ أکِس زبردست رٲچھ کَرن وٲلہِ سٕنٛدِ پٲٹھؠ پومان یِوان یُس بُرٲیی تباہ کران چھُ تہٕ پننؠن مانن والین ہٕنٛز رٲچھ کران چھُ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="2904" sha1="kazqw34y1cts1poj45u62x76y1v45rm" xml:space="preserve">{{دَفتَردار معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ|signature=|office1=کمشنر/ سیکرٹری حکوٗمت,  [https://mobile.twitter.com/listenshahid?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor]|birth_date=|birth_place=[[راجوری]], [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] ہِندوستان&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;|nationality=ہِندوستٲنؠ|alma_mater=[[جموں شیر کشمیر یونیورسٹی آف ایگریکلچرل سائنسز اینڈ ٹیکنالوجی]]|occupation=[[بیوروکریٹ]]|term_start1=مارچ 2021|term_end1=ازکال|education=B.V.Sc &amp; A.H &lt;br/&gt;  ایم ایس سی نیچرل ریسورس مینجمنٹ|known_for=ایڈمنِسٹریٹو سٔروِسَس منٛز کٲم کران|module={{Infobox person |child=yes
| employer       = [[ہِندوستٲنؠ سَرکار]]
| organization   = [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر حکوٗمت]]
}}|relations=ڈاکٹر مہاک شاہد (خانٛداریٚنؠ)، شمیٖم اختر (موج)، [[ظفر چودھری]] (بوے)، جاوید اقبال چودھری ایم ایل اے (سینیٹر) بٲے، ڈاکٹر شگفتا چودھری (بینہِ)|office2=[[ڈِپٹی کمشنر]]، [[سِریٖنَگَر]]ک [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر حکوٗمت]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://theins.in/2018/07/12/shahid-iqbal-new-dc-bpr|title = Shahid Iqbal Choudhary assumes charge as DDC Bandipora}}&lt;/ref&gt;|term_start2=فروری 2019|term_end2=مارچ 2021}}

'''شاہِد اِقبال چودھری''' چھِ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کیڈرک 2009 بیچک انڈین ایڈمنسٹریٹو سروس افسر تہٕ موجودٕ سکریٹری/کمشنر، محکمہٕ ساینس و ٹیکنالوجی، [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]]. أمہِ کوٚر 2008 کِس یو پی ایس سی سول سروس امتحان مَنٛز آل انڈیا رینک 51 حٲصل۔ شاہِد اوس جۆم خطک گوٚڈنیوک مُسلمان تہٕ جموں و کشمیرک گۄڈنیُک [[گُجٕرؠ لوٗکھ|گرجر]] یُس اِنڈین ایڈمنسٹریٹو سروس مَنٛز آیی ایس ایس نش براہ راست برتی کرنہٕ آمُت اوس۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/first-gujjar-from-j-k-to-get-into-ias/story-aKYsMyChJIRDuiSnf3YHAP.html|title=First Gujjar from J&amp;K to get into IAS|date=7 May 2009|journal=Hindustan Times|first=Aurangzeb|last=Naqshbandi|accessdate=7 February 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://tribalaffairs.jk.gov.in/|title=Department of Tribal Affairs . Jammu and Kashmir Government|accessdate=9 May 2021|archivedate=13 May 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513002235/https://tribalaffairs.jk.gov.in/}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:جیٚمِک لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>گِرجاگر</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>26611</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147435</id>
      <parentid>126897</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-03T21:32:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>8158</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="658" sha1="ac45h8jh0te1o17vmbelwlle2wmskg3" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Basilica di San Pietro - Esterrno.jpg|thumb|چرٕچ]]
اَکھ '''گِرجاگر''' ، '''گِرجا''' یا '''چرٕچ''' چھُ اَکھ جاے ییٚتہِ یہِ عیٖسٲے پَنٕنؠ مَذہبی عبادت تہٕ کامہِ اَنجام چھِ دِوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Snyder 2003 128&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Snyder|first=Graydon F.|title=Ante Pacem: Archaeological Evidence of Church Life Before Constantine|url=https://archive.org/details/antepacemarchaeo0000snyd|publisher=Mercer University Press|year=2003|pages=[https://archive.org/details/antepacemarchaeo0000snyd/page/128 128]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:عیٖسٲیِیَتھ]]</text>
      <sha1>ac45h8jh0te1o17vmbelwlle2wmskg3</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>تھاے لوٗکھ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>26629</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147432</id>
      <parentid>139613</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-03T21:30:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>8158</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
      <origin>147432</origin>
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      <text bytes="716" sha1="radm9rtmuhp8xn6zq5k09t6ys8klyyu" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox ethnic group/Wikidata|population=65 مِلیَن}}

'''تھاے لوٗکھ''' چھِ [[تھائی لینٛڈ|تھائی لینٛڈُک]] مُقٲمی لوٗکھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Gehan Wijeyewardene|title=Ethnic Groups across National Boundaries in Mainland Southeast Asia|url=https://archive.org/details/ethnicgroupsacro0000unse_l7e8|date=1990|publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies|isbn=978-981-3035-57-7|location=Singapore|page=[https://archive.org/details/ethnicgroupsacro0000unse_l7e8/page/48 48]|quote=The word 'Thai' is today generally used for citizens of the Kingdom of Thailand, and more specifically for the 'Siamese'.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:تھائی لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>radm9rtmuhp8xn6zq5k09t6ys8klyyu</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>قدیٖم مِصر</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-03T21:26:01Z</timestamp>
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        <id>8158</id>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="1357" sha1="qbbrajnyg1l133v3bn9q09icly1ll97" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ
| bgcolor = Khaki
}}

قدیم مصرن کٔر [[دٔریٲے نیٖل|دریائے نیلس]] سٟتؠ شمال مشرقی افریقہس مَنٛز ترقی، یمک سالانہٕ سٔہلاب زرخیز میٚژ فراہم کران تہٕ زراعتس مَدَتھ کوٛر۔

==توٲریخ==

یہٕ تہذیب پھۄلے تَقریٖبَن 3100 مسیح برٛونٛہہ مَنٛز بالٲیی تہٕ زیریں مصر کہِ اِکوَٹس سٟتؠ تہٕ روٗد ترٛےٚ ساس وٕریو کھۄتہٕ زیادٕہ عرصس تام جٲری۔

==ثقافت==
{{Hiero|''r n kmt''&lt;br /&gt; 'مِصری زَبان|&lt;hiero&gt;r:Z1 n km m t:O49&lt;/hiero&gt;|align=right|era=egypt}}
قدیم مصر چھُ پننہٕ [[مِصری ہایروگلیفٕس|ہایروگلیفٕس لِکھٲرؠ نظام]]،&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Morkot|first1=Robert|title=The Egyptians: an introduction|url=https://archive.org/details/egyptiansintrodu0000mork|date=2005|publisher=Routledge|isbn=0-415-27104-5|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/egyptiansintrodu0000mork/page/10 10]}}&lt;/ref&gt; مذہبی عقاید، یادگار فن تعمیر یَتھ کٔنؠ اہرام تہٕ مندر، تہٕ فن، ساینس تہٕ حکمرانی مَنٛز اہم شراکتہٕ خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ یوان۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:مِصر]]</text>
      <sha1>qbbrajnyg1l133v3bn9q09icly1ll97</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>پی رَمیٚسِس</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>147438</id>
      <parentid>127703</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-03T21:34:56Z</timestamp>
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        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>8158</id>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="737" sha1="fryf1q93rk5kh2xc7riffmaqmk3nu1w" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ
| کھٔٹِتھ = ثَقافَتی جاے
}}

'''پی رَمیٚسِس ('''مطلب''': [[رَمیٚسِس دۆیِم|رَمیٚسِس]] سُنٛد [[گرٕ|لرٕ]])''' ٲس نٔو رازدٲنؠ یۄس کُنوُہمہِ خاندانک فرعوٗن [[رَمیٚسِس دۆیِم]] (1279–1213 مسیح برٛونٛہہ) ٲس [[قنتیر|قنتیرس]] مَنٛز تعمیر کٔرمٕژ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Tyldesley|first=Joyce|title=Ramesses: Egypt's Greatest Pharaoh|url=https://archive.org/details/ramessesegyptsgr0000tyld|date=October 30, 2001|publisher=Penguin|isbn=978-0-14-028097-5|page=[https://archive.org/details/ramessesegyptsgr0000tyld/page/90 90]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:مِصر]]</text>
      <sha1>fryf1q93rk5kh2xc7riffmaqmk3nu1w</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>نٔو کنہِ کال</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <parentid>129296</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-03T20:37:01Z</timestamp>
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        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>8158</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="1006" sha1="q4yhpm9vr5og0da9tnuwtfw4xiqitck" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ}}نٔو کنہِ کال (Neolithic age) اوس سُہ دور ییلہِ اِنسانو [[کاشکٲری|کاشتکٲری]] شۆروٗع کٕر، جانورن پالن تہٕ مستقل بستین مَنٛز روزُن شۆروٗع کۆر۔ لُکو کٔر پالش کٔرِتھ کنؠن ہٕندؠ اوزار اِستِمال کرٕنؠ، میژِ بانہٕ بناوٕنؠ تہٕ پلو ووننؠ شۆروٗع۔ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Hampton|first1=O. W.|title=Culture of Stone: Sacred and Profane Uses of Stone Among the Dani|url=https://archive.org/details/cultureofstonesa0000hamp|date=1999|publisher=Texas A&amp;M University Press|location=College Station, TX|page=[https://archive.org/details/cultureofstonesa0000hamp/page/n43 6]}}&lt;/ref&gt;شِکار جمع کرنہٕ پیٹھہٕ کاشکٲری مَنٛز یہٕ تبدیلی بنیے گامن تہٕ ابتدٲئی تہذیبن ہِنٛز ترقی۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite OED|Neolithic}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:تَوٲریٖخ]]</text>
      <sha1>q4yhpm9vr5og0da9tnuwtfw4xiqitck</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>وِنٛچی، تُسکانہ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27048</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147519</id>
      <parentid>129026</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-03T22:59:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>8158</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
      <origin>147519</origin>
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      <text bytes="947" sha1="6kpwcl8xi5mvo670d1n07rmwfr21ve6" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement/Wikidata|label=عَلاقہٕ|data=[[تُسکانہ]]|suppress_capital=Yes}}

وِنٛچی چھُ [[فلوریٚنٛس]] مَنٛز [[آرنو دٔرؠ یاو]] کِس بٔٹھِس پؠٹھ وادی مَنٛز اَکھ گام، یُس [[اِٹَلی|اِٹلی]] کس [[تُسکانہ|تُسکانہ علاقک]] رازدٲنؠ چھُ۔ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Wells|first=John|title=Longman Pronunciation Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/longmanpronuncia0000unse|date=3 April 2008|publisher=Pearson Longman|isbn=978-1-4058-8118-0|edition=3rd|author-link=John C. Wells}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Comune di Vinci|url=http://www.comune.vinci.fi.it|language=it}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[رینیٖسانٛس (نو جَنَم)|نو زنم]] ہٕنٛز پولی میتھ [[لِیونارڈو ڈا وِنٛچی]] سٕنٛز زینہٕ جاے چھےٚ قصبس بِلکل نیبرٕ واقع۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:اِٹَلی]]</text>
      <sha1>6kpwcl8xi5mvo670d1n07rmwfr21ve6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ضِیاء الرحمان</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>147693</id>
      <parentid>129237</parentid>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <text bytes="1646" sha1="mpngx9hi6t1r90dtwybxkfzqdbcc2wa" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder/Wikidata|noicon=Yes}}

ضِیاء الرحمان (1936–1981) اوس بنگلہ دیشُک اَکھ مشہوٗر فوجی افسر تہٕ سِیاسَتھ دان، یُس 1977 پؠٹھ 1981 تام [[بَنٛگلہ دیٖش|بنگلہ دیشُک]] شیٚیِم صَدٕر روٗد۔&lt;ref name=&quot;citation_no1&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/05/30/world/bangladesh-reports-death-of-president-ziaur-rahman.html|title=Bangladesh Reports Death of President Ziaur Rahman|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=30 May 1981|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240806012729/https://www.nytimes.com/1981/05/30/world/bangladesh-reports-death-of-president-ziaur-rahman.html|archive-date=6 August 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt; تمن چھُ بنگلہ دیشُک اَکھ بۆڈ رَہنما ماننہٕ یوان۔

==آزٲدی ہِنٛز جَنٛگ== 
1971 مَنٛز بنگلہ دیشی آزٲدی ہنٛد اعلان کرنہٕ مَنٛز کۆر أمؠ اہم کِردار ادا۔
==سِیاسی جماعت== 
تٔمؠ کٔر [[بنگلہ دیش نیشنلسٹ پارٹی]] (BNP) قٲیم۔
==سُدار== 
تٔمؠ کٔر بنگلہ دیشس مَنٛز کثیر الجماعتی جمہوریت تہٕ معاشی سُدار ہنٛز شروٗعات۔
==وفات==
سُہ آو 30 مئی 1981 مَنٛز چٹاگانگس مَنٛز اَکھ فوجی بغاوتس دوران قَتٕل کرنہٕ۔
تس سُنٛد [[ضِیاء الرحمان سُنٛد مزار|مزار]] چھَ [[ضِیاء اُدیان]] مَنٛز واقع۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:بَنٛگلہ دیٖشی سِیاسَتھ دان]]
[[زٲژ:1981 وَفات]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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طاریق رحمان (پٲدٲیِش: 20 نَوَمبَر 1965)، یُس مقٲمی طور طاریق ضیاء ناوٕ تہِ زاننہٕ چھُ یِوان، چھُ اَکھ [[بَنٛگلہ دیٖش|بنگلہ دیشی]] سِیاسَت دان تہٕ بنگلہ دیشُک نامزد ؤزیٖر اعظم ۔ سُہ چھُ بنگلہ دیش نیشنلسٹ پارٹی (بی این پی) ہُک سربراہ تہٕ 2026 پیٹھٕ چھُ جاتیہ سنگسادُک رُکُن روٗدمُت۔ أمؠ اوس امہِ برونٛہہ پننہِ ماجہِ [[خالِدہ ضِیا|خالدہ ضیاء]] سٕنٛدِ مرنَس تام قٲد روزنہٕ پتہٕ فَرؤری 2018 پیٹھٕ قٲیِم مقام چیئرمین سُنٛد عہدٕ فٲید۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Tarique Rahman becomes BNP chairman|url=https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/politics/tarique-assumes-office-bnp-chairman-1330266|accessdate=9 January 2026|journal=The Business Standard|date=9 January 2026|language=en|archivedate=15 January 2026|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20260115210655/https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/politics/tarique-assumes-office-bnp-chairman-1330266}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ چھُ بنگلہ دیشُک 7 مِس صدٕر [[ضِیاء الرحمان]] تہٕ بنگلہ دیشٕچ گۄڈٕنِچ زنانہٕ ؤزیٖر اعظم [[خالِدہ ضِیا]] سُنٛد زِیُٛٹھ نیٚچُو۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:بَنٛگلہ دیٖشی سِیاسَتھ دان]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''شہناز بَشیٖر''' چھُ اَکھ ناول نگار تہٕ میڈیا تہٕ مواصلاتٕچ سکالر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Naqushbandi|first=Ubeer|date=2017-01-20|title=I prefer writing to affect my relationship with life at large: Shahnaz Bashir|url=https://thepunchmagazine.com/the-byword/interviews/i-prefer-writing-to-affect-my-relationship-with-life-at-large-shahnaz-bashir|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805184956/https://thepunchmagazine.com/the-byword/interviews/i-prefer-writing-to-affect-my-relationship-with-life-at-large-shahnaz-bashir|archive-date=5 August 2020|access-date=2023-12-28|website=The Punch Magazine|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==تٲلیٖم تہٕ کامہِ==

شہناز بَشیٖر چھِ [[یوٗنِوَرسِٹی آف میساچوسٹس ایمہرسٹ|یوٗنِوَرسِٹی آف میساچوسٹس ایمہرسٹَس]] مَنٛز ڈاکٹریٹ فیلو تہٕ ٹیچنگ ایسوسی ایٹ، ییٚتہِ سُہ اے آے، درِٛش (visual) ثقافت تہٕ مواصلاتَس مُتعلِق کورسز پرناوان چھُ۔ أمؠ چھِ قٲبلِ ذِکر کورسز ڈیزائن کٔرمٕتؠ یِتھ کٔنؠ &quot;پکسلیٹڈ لایز&quot; (اے آے تہٕ دِرٛش غلط معلوٗمات)، یُس UMass کِس اے آے یَس پؠٹھ مرکوز سیریزُک حصہٕ چھُ۔ شہنازَس چھِ پننہِ پرناونہٕ باپتھ واریاہ ایوارڈ حٲصِل کٔرمٕتؠ، یِمَن مَنٛز تعریفی چِٹھؠ تہِ شٲمِل چھِ تہٕ سُہ اوس بہترین تدریسی ایوارڈ باپتھ ژورِ لَٹہِ فاینلسٹ ۔ تٔمؠ ترٲو 2011 ہَس مَنٛز [[مرکزی یوٗنِوَرسِٹی کشمیر|سینٹرل یونیورسٹی آف کشمیرَس]] مَنٛز کنورجنٹ جرنلزم شعبٕچ بُنیاد تہٕ کٔرٕن جنوٗبی ایشیاہٕچ گۄڈٕنِچ بیانیہ صحافت ہٕنٛز تخصصُک آغاز۔ سُہ چھُ دا پنٛچ میگزین ہُک کنٹریبیوٹنگ ایڈیٹر تہِ، یُس ٹرو سٹوری ایوارڈُک جۆنوٗبی ایشیا جیوری چھُ، تہٕ 2016 ہَس مَنٛز آو کٔشیٖرِ ہٕنٛدیو &quot;اثر دار بناون والؠن&quot; مَنٛز اَکھ نامزد کرنہٕ۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ لِکھٲرؠ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 2 books for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''ابن خلدون''' (27 مئی 1332-17 مارٕچ 1406، 732-808 AH) اوس اَکھ عرب سکالر، مورخ، فلسفی تہٕ سماجیات دان۔{{efn|{{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɪ|b|ən|_|h|æ|l|ˈ|d|uː|n}} {{Respell|IH|bun|_|hal|DOON}}; {{langx|ar|ابن خلدون}} {{IPAc-ar|i|b|n|-|kh|a|l|d|uu|n}}; {{langx|ar| أبو زيد عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون الحضرمي}}, {{transliteration|ar|DIN|''Abū Zayd ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn Khaldūn al-Ḥaḍramī''}}}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Barakat1993&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Barakat|first=Halim|title=The Arab World: Society, Culture, and State|url=https://archive.org/details/arabworldsociety00bara|publisher=University of California Press|year=1993|isbn=9780520914421|page=[https://archive.org/details/arabworldsociety00bara/page/48 48]|quote=The renowned Arab sociologist-historian Ibn Khaldun first interpreted Arab history in terms of badu versus hadar conflicts and struggles for power.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Muhammad Hozien|title=Ibn Khaldun: His Life and Work|url=http://www.muslimphilosophy.com/ik/klf.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130913010235/http://www.muslimphilosophy.com/ik/klf.htm|archive-date=13 September 2013|access-date=19 September 2008|website=Islamic Philosophy Online}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Ibn Khaldūn – The Muqaddimah: Ibn Khaldūn's philosophy of history|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ibn-Khaldun|access-date=22 December 2020|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ چھُ بٔڑس پیمانس پیٚٹھ قرون وسطی کیٚن عظیم ترین سمٲجی ساینس دانن مَنٛز اَکھ مانٛنہٕ یوان، تہٕ واریاہ عٲلِم چھِ تس تاریخ نگاری، سماجیات، معاشیات تہٕ آبٲدی ہٕنٛدس مطالعس مَنٛز اَکھ اہم پیشرو سمجھان۔

أمہ سٕنٛز ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ مشہوٗر کتاب چھ مقدمہ یا پرولیگومینا (تعارف) یس تٔمؠ شیٚن رؠتن مَنٛز لیوٗکھ یَتھ کٔنؠ تٔمؠ پنٛنہ سوانح عمری مَنٛز بیان چھُ کۆرمت۔ ایم کٕر پتہٕ 17 مہ تہٕ 19 مہ صٔدی کہ عثمانی مورخین یَتھ مَنٛز زن کاٹیپ سلیبی، مصطفی نعیما تہٕ احمد سیوڈٹ پاشا متٲثر، یمو [[عُثمانیہ سلطنَت|سلطنت عثمانیہ]] کہ ترقی تہٕ زوالک تجزیہ کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ ایمکہ نظریات اِستِمال کٕر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Lewis|first=Bernard|title=Studies in Islamic history and civilization: in honour of Professor David Ayalon|publisher=Brill|year=1986|isbn=978-965-264-014-7|editor-last=Ayalon|editor-first=David|pages=527–530|chapter=Ibn Khaldūn in Turkey|editor-last2=Sharon|editor-first2=Moshe}}&lt;/ref&gt; ابن خلدونن کٔر تیموری سلطنت کس بنیاد پرست تمرلین سٟتؠ کتھ باتھ۔

تس چھُ سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ نمایاں مُسلمان تہٕ عرب اسکالرزو تہٕ مورخینو مَنٛز اَکھ وننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Abozeid|first=Ahmed|year=2021|title=Re-reading Ibn-Khaldun in the 21st Century: Traveling Theory and the Question of Authority, Legitimacy, and State Violence in the Modern Arab World|journal=Ahmed Abozeid|volume=43|issue=2|pages=146–171|doi=10.13169/arabstudquar.43.2.0146|jstor=10.13169/arabstudquar.43.2.0146|doi-access=free|hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Irwin|first=Robert|title=Ibn Khaldun|url=https://archive.org/details/ibnkhaldunintell0000irwi|date=2018|isbn=9781400889549|doi=10.23943/9781400889549}}&lt;/ref&gt; حال حالٕے مَنٛز، ابن خلدون سنٛز کٲمٕ ہنٛد موازنہٕ چھ بااثر یورپی فلسفین یَتھ کٔنؠ نکولس ماچیویلی گیبٹسٹا ویکو ڈیوڈ ہیوم جی ڈبلیو ایف ہیگل کارل مارکس تہٕ آگسٹ کومتے سٟتؠ سٟتؠ ماہرین اقتصادیات ڈیوڈ رکارڈو تہٕ ایڈم سمتھ سٟتؠ کرنہٕ آمت، یمہٕ سٟتؠ یہٕ تجویز چھ یوان کرنہٕ ز یمن ہنٛدین خیالن کٔر مثالہٕ (حالانکہ یمن ہنٛدین کامین مَنٛز اوس نہٕ براہ راست اثر و رسوخ) ۔ سہ چھ بعض جدید اسلامی مفکرینن (مثلا روایتی مکتبک) پؠٹھ تہ اثر انگیز۔</text>
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ریبیکا گیہارٹ (زامٕژ 12 اَگَست 1971)&lt;ref name=&quot;yahoobio&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Rebecca Gayheart Biography|url=https://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800022678/bio|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090928172354/http://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800022678/bio|archive-date=September 28, 2009|work=[[Yahoo!|Yahoo! Movies]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; چھےٚ اَکھ امریکی اداکأر تہٕ ماڈل۔ گیہارٹن کۆر اشتہاری ترجمان بننہٕ برٛۄنٛہہ 1980 کس [[دہائ|دہائیس]] مَنٛز بطور [[یاوَن وٲنٛس|یاوَن وٲنٛسہِ]] ماڈل پننہٕ کیریئرک آغاز۔ سۄ چھےٚ 1990 پیٚٹھٕ بطوراداکٲر سرگرم۔

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:اَمریٖکی اداکار]]
[[زٲژ:1971 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>سینٛٹ جوزف کیتھولِک چرٕچ (وَرمُل)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <parentid>130148</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:24:01Z</timestamp>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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| bgcolor = NavajoWhite
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سینٛٹ جوزف کیتھولک چرچ چھُ [[وَرمُل]]، جموں و کشمیر، ہندوستانَس مَنٛز رومن کیتھولک چرچُک اَکھ پارش۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Misra|first=Neelesh|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vWl0tPTq7OYC&amp;dq=st+joseph+church+baramulla&amp;pg=PT132|title=The Absent State|date=2012-03-12|publisher=Hachette India|isbn=9789350093665|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ اوس 1891 تھس مَنٛز مِل ہل مِشنریزَو دٔسؠ قٲیِم کرنہٕ آمُت، ییٚمہِ سٟتؠ یہِ جموں و کشمیرُک سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ پرٛون کیتھولک چرچ بنٛیۆو، تہٕ وُنکینَس چھُ جموں سرینگر ڈیوسیسَس سٟتؠ تعلُق تھاوان۔ سینٹ جوزف چرچ، سینٹ جوزف ہسپتال تہٕ سینٹ جوزف سکوٗل چھِ پیرش چرچ کس أتھؠ کیمپسس مَنٛز واقع۔ یہٕ چھُ قصبس مَنٛز وٲحد چرچ، تہٕ کمیونٹی مَنٛز چھِ صرف کینٛہہ عیٖسٲے خاندان۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:وَرمُل ضِلہٕ]]
[[زٲژ:وَرمُل]]</text>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-04T05:35:52Z</timestamp>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''زوونی پوٗر''' چھُ ڈونی واری کِس علاقس مَنٛز اَکھ درمیانہٕ پیمانک گام، یُس [[بَڈگوم ضِلہٕ|ضِلہٕ بڈگوم]] کِس تحصیل بگات کانیپوڑا جموں و کشمیرس مَنٛز واقعہٕ چھُ یَتھ مَنٛز کل 57 خاندان روزان چھِ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Zooni Pora · 191113|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place//data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x38e18c500e83d687:0x1d7158226533eb8?entry=gps&amp;lucs=swa|access-date=2021-04-11|website=Zooni Pora · 191113|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=General|first=India Office of the Registrar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=neAcAQAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA594|title=Census of India, 1961|date=1962|publisher=Manager of Publications|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; زونی پوٗر گامٕچ آبٲدی چھےٚ 471، یمن مَنٛز 2011 چہ مردم شماری مطٲبق 237 مرد تہٕ 234 زنانہٕ چھِ۔

== آبادیات ==

زونی پوٗر گامَس مَنٛز چھِ 0-6 وٲنٛسہ شُرؠن ہنٛز آبٲدی 107، یۆس گامٕچ کل آبٲدی ہنٛد 13 فی صد چھُ بناوان۔ زونی پوٗر گامُک اوسط جنسی تناسب چھُ 943، یُس جموں و کشمیر رِیاسَتھ کہ اوسط 889 کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ چھُ۔ مردم شماری مطٲبق چھُ زونی پوٗرِس مَنٛز بچن ہنٛد جنسی تناسب 1,098، یہِ چھ جموں و کشمیر کہ اوسط 862 کھۄتہٕ تہٕ زیٛادٕ۔
[[زٲژ:بَڈگام ضِلہٕ]]</text>
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پروفیسر سیف الدین سوز (زامُت: 23 نَوَمبَر 1937) چھُ اَکھ ہِنٛدُستٲنؠ پروفیسر تہٕ سٲبِقہٕ سَتھ مُدَم ہِنٛدُستانٕچ پارلِمؠنٛٹ رُکُن۔ سوز چھُ ہِندوستٲنؠ مرکز زیر انتظام علاقہٕ جموں و کشمیرُک تعلُق تھاوان۔ 

سُہ اوس ہندوستان کِس 14 مِس لوک سبھایہ مَنٛز ٲبی وسائلُک وزیر تہٕ 1990 کِس دہلِس مَنٛز ماحولیات تہٕ جنٛگلاتُک ؤزیٖر روٗدمُت۔ جَنؤری 2006 ہَس مَنٛز آو سُہ انڈین نیشنل کانگریسٕچ ایگزیکٹو کمیٹی کانگریس ورکنگ کمیٹی خٲطرٕ نامزد کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=tribune8jan6&gt;[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060108/j&amp;k.htm#1 News item from ''The Tribune'', dated 8 January 2006]&lt;/ref&gt;

== اِبتدٲے زِندگی ==
سوز اوس شمٲلی [[وادی کٔشیٖر|وادی کشمیر]] کس أکس بستی، [[سوپُر]] مَنٛز زیٛوٗنمُت۔ تمہ کٕر [[یونِورسِٹی آف کَشمیٖر|کشمیر یونیورسٹی]] پیٹھہٕ معاشیات مَنٛز ماسٹرز ڈگری مکمل کرنہٕ باپتھ کٲم، یتہٕ پتہٕ تمہ رجسٹرار سُنٛد عہدٕ سنبھول۔

اَمہِ پؠٹھٕ گۆو سوز [[جموں و کشمیر سٹیٹ بورڈ آف سکول ایجوکیشن]] (بی او ایس ایی) یس اَکھ سرکٲرؠ محکمہٕ چھ یُس سکوٗلن ہنٛدس انتظامیہس ذمہٕ دار چھُ۔ سوزن کٔر 1983 مَنٛز سیاستس مَنٛز دٲخل گژھنہٕ خٲطرٕ سرکٲرؠ خدمت پؠٹھ رضاکارانہٕ رِٹٲر گژھنٕچ کوٗشش۔ تمہِ وز اوس سُہ باسک سکریٹری۔

== پیشہٕ ==
1983 مَنٛز لوک سبھا الیکشنن مَنٛز لۆڑ سوزن حکمران [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر قومی کانفرٛنٕس|جموں و کشمیر نیشنل کانفرنس پارٹی]] ہِنٛدؠ وۄمیدوار پٲٹھؠ وَرمُل سیٖٹ۔

تمہ وز ٲس [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر قومی کانفرٛنٕس|جموں و کشمیر نیشنل کانفرنس]] سربرٲہی [[فاروق عبدالله|فاروق عبداللہ]] کران۔ سوزن زیٖنؠ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر قومی کانفرٛنٕس|جموں و کشمیر نیشنل کانفرنس]] کس رکن کِس طورس پؠٹھ لوک سبھایہ ہند مزید ترٛے الیکشن۔ تٔمہِ کٔر 90 کس دٔہلہ کس وسطس مَنٛز راجیہ سبھا مَنٛز [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر قومی کانفرٛنٕس|جموں و کشمیر نیشنل کانفرنس]] تہٕ رِیاسَتھ جموں و کشمیرٕچ تہٕ نمٲئندگی۔

1997-98 مَنٛز بنیٛوو سُہ وزیر اعظم اندر کمار گجرال کس کابینہس مَنٛز ہندوستانُک وزیر ماحولیات تہٕ جنگلات۔ امہِ برٛونٛہہ 1996-97 مَنٛز کٔر سوزن وزیر اعظم ایچ۔ ڈی۔ دیو گوڈا ہس تحت یتھی حیثیتس مَنٛز کٲم۔

2003 ہس مَنٛز کٔر سوز [[ہِندوستٲنؠ قومی کانٛگرٛیس|انڈین نیشنل کانگریس]] مَنٛز شٲمل تہٕ آو راجیہ سبھا خٲطرٕ چُناو کرنہٕ۔ جَنؤری 2006 ہس مَنٛز آو سُہ وزیر اعظم [[منموہن سِنٛگھ|ڈاکٹر منموہن سنگھ]] سنٛز وزارت مَنٛز بطور وزیر ٲبی وسائلک پٲٹھؠ شٲمل کرنہٕ، یس عہدٕ سُہ 2009 کس شروعاتس تام اوس تھاوان۔ سوز آو فَرؤری 2008 ہس مَنٛز جموں و کشمیر پردیشک (رِیاسَتھ) کانگریس کمیٹی صدٕر مقرر کرنہٕ۔

== وِکی لیٖکٕس ==
وِکی لیٖکسٕچ وؠب سایٹہِ طرفہٕ لیک گژھن واجنہِ ریاستہائے متحدٕچ أکِس سِفارتی کیبلَس مَنٛز چھُ دعوا کۆرمُت زِ سوز اوس 2006 برٛونٛہہ ہِنٛدُستٲنؠ حکوٗمتَس تہٕ کٲشِرِ علیحدگی پسند رہنُماہن درمیان ہوشیار کتھ باتھہِ مَنٛز سہوٗلیت فراہم کران۔ ہندوستانَس مَنٛز تمہِ وقتہٕ کِس امریکی سفیر ڈیوڈ ملفورڈ سٕنٛدِ طرفہٕ ریاستہائے متحدَس مَنٛز سٹیٹ ڈیپارٹمنٹَس سوزنہٕ آمٕژ کیبل، سوز چھُ (امریکی) سفارت خانہٕ کِس سیٲسی شعبُک واریاہ کالہٕ پؠٹھٕ 'رٲبطہٕ' قرار دِنہٕ آمُت۔

== گرس مَنٛز گِرِفتٲری ==
سوزس پیۆو 2019-2020 مَنٛز اہم تنازعک سامنہٕ ییٚلہ جموں و کشمیرس مَنٛز آرٹیکل 370 ختم کرنہٕ پتہٕ تٔمس مبینہ طور گرس مَنٛز نظر بند کرنہٕ آو۔ أمہ سٕنٛز خانٛداریٚنؠ کۆر ابھیشیک منوٗ سنگھوی سٕنٛد ذٔریعہٕ سپریم کورٹس مَنٛز حبیٖس کورپس عرضی درخاست، یہِ دعوا کران ز أمہ سٕنٛز حراست چھ غٲر قونونی۔ جموں و کشمیر انتظامیہ ہن کۆر تٔمس حراستس مَنٛز تھونس انکار، یہِ ؤنِتھ ز سُہ چھُ حفاظتی منظوری سٟتؠ گژھنس خٲطرٕ آزاد، مگر سوز تہٕ حزب اختلاف کین لیڈرو کۆر اَتھ خَلاف ورزی کران اِلزام ز أمس چھِ پابندی لگاونہٕ آمٕژ۔ سپریم کورٹن کۆر انتظامیہ سنٛد حلف نامہٕ قبوٗل کرنہٕ پتہٕ مقدمہٕ بند، حالانٛکہ سوزن کۆر برقرار زِ سُہ روزِ عملی طور حراستس مَنٛز تہٕ آو اکہِ ؤرؠ یس پتہٕ رہا کرنہٕ۔

== کِتابیات ==
سوز چھ واریاہ کتابہٕ لیکھمتؠ تہٕ ترمیم کران یمن مَنٛز شٲمل چھ:

# کشمیرک بحران (سوز، سیف الدین) 1993 
# کشمیرک خود مختٲری کیازٕ (سوز، سیف الدین) 1995
# سیکولرازم-تشریح
# داج (دختر نظامٕچ غلط استعمالس پؠٹھ اَکھ ڈراما کشمیری مَنٛز)
# کشمیر-گلمپس آف ہسٹری اینڈ دی سٹوری آف سٹرگل، تِہنٛز ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ جامع کتاب تاریخ کشمیرک بحران تہٕ ہِند پاک دُپھَنٛد دلٲزی پؠٹھ۔
تمہِ کٕر ایم ایلن سٕنٛز کِتاب واز فرام روٗسی پیٹھہٕ [[کٲشِر زَبان]] تام ترجمہٕ، یمہِ کوٗشش سٟتؠ تس سوویت لینڈ نہرو ایوارڈ میلیمٕژ ٲس۔ تٔمہِ چھِ مختٔلف موضوعاتن یَتھ کٔنؠ اِسلام تہٕ جدیدیت، زنانن ہٕنٛدؠ حقوٗق، سیکولرزم، ادب، تٲلیٖم تہٕ معاشیاتس پؠٹھ کٲشِرس مَنٛز مضموٗن تہٕ مختصر دٔلیٖل، مشہوٗر اخبارن تہٕ رسالن مَنٛز واریاہ مضموٗن لیکھمٕتؠ۔ تٔمِس چھِ واریاہ ادبی اعزاز تہٕ آمٕتؠ یمن مَنٛز سوویت لینڈ نہرو ایوارڈ، آل انڈیا بیسک لٹریچر کمپٹیشن ایوارڈ تہٕ کمپٹیشن فار لٹریچر فار نیو لٹریٹس ایوارڈ شٲمل چھ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ سِیاسَتدان]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ مُسَلمان]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ مُسَلمان]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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ظَہیٖر احمد بابر سِدھوٗ چھُ اَکھ [[پٲکِستان|پٲکِستٲنؠ]] فوٗجی اَفسَر یُس وُنکیٚنَس ۱۹ مارٕچ ۲۰۲۱ پؠٹھٕ پٲکِستٲنؠ ہوٲیی فوجُک چیف آف ایئر سٹاف سٕندِ حشیتہٕ کٲم کران چھُ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;24news&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=|first=|date=17 March 2021|title=Zaheer Ahmad Babar appointed new chief of Pakistan Air Force|url=https://www.24newshd.tv/17-Mar-2021/zaheer-ahmad-babar-appointed-new-chief-of-pakistan-air-force|access-date=17 March 2021|website=www.24newshd.tv}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:پٲکِستٲنؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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    <title>سِراج الدیٖن حَقانی</title>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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سِراج حَقانی (زامُت 5 دَسَمبَر 1979) چھُ اَکھ افغان رہنُما یُس [[اَفغٲنِستان|افغانستانُک]] گۄڈنیُک نٲیِب رہنُما تہٕ 2021 پتہٕ [[طالِبان|طالبان]] حکومتَس مَنٛز ؤزیٖر داخلہ چھُ۔ سُہ چھُ 2015 پیٹھٕ طالبانُک ڈپٹی لیڈر روٗدمُت، تہٕ 2021 ہَس مَنٛز غٲر مُلکی فوج واپس نِنہٕ پتہٕ آو پنٕنہِ وزارتی عہدَس پؠٹھ مُقرر کرنہٕ۔ أمؠ چھُ 2018 ہَس مَنٛز پننِس مٲلِس نِش وراثتس مَنٛز میلنہٕ پتہٕ حقانی نیٹ ورکٕچ قیادت کٔرمٕژ، یُس طالبانُک اَکھ نیم خۄدمختار نیم فوجی دستہٕ چھُ، تہٕ چھِ بنیٲدی طور [[طالِبان|طالبانَن]] مَنٛز فوجی ذمہٕ دٲری حٲصِل کٔرمٕژ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;The National Counter-Terrorism Centre&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=http://www.nctc.gov/site/profiles/haqqani.html|title=Profile|publisher=published by The National Counter-Terrorism Centre|access-date=10 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012160329/http://www.nctc.gov/site/profiles/haqqani.html|archive-date=12 October 2014|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Hayes|first=Edward (Retired [[Military intelligence|Army Intelligence]] [[Officer (armed forces)#United States of America|Officer]]|date=23 August 2015|title=Counter Terror: The Ghost Death of Mullah Omar and Crisis: Mansour versus Caliph al-Baghdadi|url=http://www.counterterrorlectures.com/counter-terror/calendar/2015/8/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014133037/http://www.counterterrorlectures.com/counter-terror/calendar/2015/8/|archive-date=14 October 2017|publisher=Counter Terrorism Lectures and Consulting}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:اَفغٲنِستانٕکؠ سِیاسَتھ دان]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147531</origin>
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| image            = Z G Muhammad.jpg
| caption          = زاہِد جی ایم
| pseudonym        = زاہِد جی مُحمد
| birth_name       = زاہِد جی مُحمد
| birth_date       = 
| birth_place      = [[نَویُٛٹ]]، [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]]، ہِندوستان
| death_date       = 
| death_place      = 
| education        = اِسلامیہ ہایی سکوٗل
| alma_mater       = [[اسلامیہ کالج آف سائنس اینڈ کامرس، سری نگر|اسلامیہ کالج]] &lt;br /&gt; [[انڈین انسٹی ٹیوٹ آف ماس کمیونیکیشن|آئی آئی ایم سی جۆم]]
| occupation       = لِکھٲرؠ تہٕ کالم نِگار
| period           = 1946–ازکال
| genre            = سیاسی تٲریٖخ، پرٛٲنؠ یادٕ
| signature        = 
| website          = 
}}
ز۔ج۔ مُحمد چھُ اَکھ کٲشُر مُصنف، لِکھٲرؠ تہٕ کالم نگار یس سرینگرس مَنٛز چھِ۔

== اِبتدٲے زِندگی، لیکھ تہٕ تٲلیٖم ==
ز۔ج۔محمد اوس ہندوستان کس [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کِس [[سِریٖنَگَر ضِلہٕ]] کس [[نَویُٛٹ]] ہس مَنٛز أکس [[کٲشِرؠ مُسَلمان|کٲشِرؠ مسلمان]] خانٛدانس مَنٛز زامُت۔ اسلامیا ہائی سکول پؠٹھ گریجویشن کرنہٕ پتہٕ کٔر أمہ [[یونِورسِٹی آف کَشمیٖر|کشمیر یونیورسٹی]] ہندس [[اسلامیا کالج سائنس تہِ کامرس، سری نگر|اسلامیا کالج آف سائنس اینڈ کامرس]] پؠٹھٕ بیچلر آف ساینس ڈِگری تہٕ انگریزی ادب مَنٛز ماسٹر آف آرٹس ڈگری حٲصل، اَمہِ پتہٕ کٔرٕن [[جۆم|جیٚمِس]] مَنٛز انڈین انسٹی ٹیوٹ آف ماس کمیونیکیشن پؠٹھٕ ماس کمیونی کیشنک کورس حٲصل۔ ؤنکینس چھِ سُہ ''پیس واچ کشمیر'' ایڈیٹر اَکھ جریدٕ یس [[جۆنوٗبی ایشیا|جنوبی ایشیاہس]] مَنٛز شانتی خٲطرٕ وقف چھُ، تہٕ ''[[گریٹَر کشمیٖر]]'' سرینگرک باقاعدٕ کالم نگار۔

لِکھارؠن چھُ مختلف اخبارن مَنٛز سیاست ادب، [[سَنٛس|ثقافت]] تہٕ [[تَوٲریٖخ]] پؠٹھ مضامین تحریر کٔرمت یَتھ کٔنؠ زن ''دی سٹیٹس مین'' دی آن لکر، ''بمبئی'' دی سنڈے کلکتہ، دی فری پریس جرنل، ''[[کشمیٖر ٹایمٕز]]'' ''جرنل آف پیس اسٹڈیز'' نیہ دلہ، دی نیوز، دی ''پوسٹ'' ''دی پاکستان آبزرور'' ''دی واشنگٹن پوسٹ'' تہران ٹائمز دی ''عرب نیوز'' تہٕ ''اردوٗ ٹایمز۔''

== بطور کالم نِگار ==
1982-1990 دوران، لیۆکھ تٔمؠ پریس ایشیا انٹرنیشنل، نیہ دلہ خٲطرٕ اَکھ ہفتہٕ وار کالم تہٕ کۆرُن کشمیرٕچ تٲریخ، ادب تہٕ سِیاستس پؠٹھ کِتابن ہنٛد جٲیزٕ۔

زاہدن کٔر 1997 تہٕ 2004 ہس درمیان ''کشمیر آبزرور'' باپتھ بطور ایٚگزیکٹو ایڈیٹر کٲم۔

تٔمؠ کۆر 1988 تہٕ 1995 ہس درمیان [[گریٹَر کشمیٖر|گریٹر کشمیر]] خٲطرٕ [[سِیاسَتھ|سیاست]] ثقافت تہٕ ادبس پؠٹھ اَکھ مستقل کالم پنچ لائنک [[سہکٲری|تعاون]]۔ امہِ علاوٕ، لیوٗکھ تٔمؠ اَکھ مستقل کالم، دی میڈیا لائن آن پرنٹ اینڈ الیکٹرانک میڈیا ان دی ''[[گریٹَر کشمیٖر|گریٹر کشمیر]]'' تہٕ تمہِ پتہٕ مارٕچ 2006 ہس مَنٛز، کۆر تٔمؠ ''[[گریٹَر کشمیٖر|گریٹر کشمیر]]'' مَنٛز ہفتہٕ وار سیٲسی کالم پنچ لاین لیکھُن دُبارٕ شۆروٗع۔

== شرکت ==
ز۔ج۔ محمدن چھِ [[لَندَن]]، [[وَاشِنٛگٹَن ڈی سی]]، تہٕ مونٹیویڈیوس مَنٛز کشمیرس پؠٹھ واریہن بین الاقوٲمی کانفرنسن مَنٛز شرکت تہٕ صدارت کٔرمٕژ، یم ہِندوستان تہٕ پٲکستانس درمیان [[کشمیر تنازٕ|تنازٕ کشمیر]] کِس حلس متعلق ٲس۔

== پرٛوڈکشن ==
محمدن چھِ واریاہ ژھۆچہِ دٔلیٖل [[کٲشِر زَبان|کٲشِرؠ]] تہٕ [[اَنٛگریٖزی زَبان|انگریزی]] مَنٛز لیچھمٕژ۔ تٔمؠ چھِ [[دوٗر درشن]] کٲشُر باپتھ دستاویزی فلمہٕ تہٕ تیار تہٕ لیچھمٕژ۔

کینٛہہ چھِ بۄنہٕ کنہِ:

* '''نیو ٹریکٹس''' (جموں و کشمیرٕک معٲشی خزانن پؠٹھ اَکھ 5 قسطہٕ دستاویزی فِلِم)
* '''یکجوت چھُ تنوع''' (جموں و کشمیرٕک مختلف نسلی گروپن پؠٹھ دہن قٕستن ہِنز دستاویزی فِلِم) ۔
* '''ریشی ٹرڈیشن آف کشمیر''' (شےٚ قٕستن ہٕنٛز دستاویزی فِلِم کشمیر کس سرپرست سنتس پؠٹھ: [[نُنٛدٕ ریٛۆش|شیخ نور الدین]]-ریشی رؠوایت)
* 'لٹریری لیگیسی آف کشمیر' (کشمیر چہ ادبی تٲریخس پؠٹھ شیٚن حصن ہنٛز اَکھ دستاویزی فِلِم) ۔
* 'ہمارے صوٗفی شیر' (دہن حصن پؠٹھ مشتمل اَکھ دستاویزی فِلِم یَتھ مَنٛز کشمیرٕک صوفی شٲیِر شٲمل چھُ۔
* '''بوٹ مین آف کشمیر (کٲشِرؠ [[ہٲنٛز]]) :'''(دوٗر درشن نیشنل نیٹ ؤرک خٲطرٕ کشمیرک ناو چلاون وٲلس [[بَشرِیات|بشریات]] کس مطالعس پؠٹھ اَکھ زٕ قسطہٕ دستاویزی فِلِم)
* '''کشمیرٕک یادگار''' (انگریزی مَنٛز [[دوٗر درشن]] نیشنل نیٹ ؤرک خٲطرٕ دستاویزی فِلِم)
* 'نگما-فِردوس' (اَکھ موٗسیٖقی پروگرام) ۔
* 'کٔشیٖر ہِنٛدؠ شٲیِر' ([[مَہجوٗر]] پؠٹھٕ [[رَحمان راہی]] تام) 2001 مَنٛز
* '''قیسر مِرزا'''-اَکھ [[شؠچھ وٲنؠ|پترکار]] ییٚمِس مَنٛز فرق چھِ (دستاویزی)

== کتابہٕ ==

* کیٛا نیشنل کانفرنس ہیٚکہِ زِندٕ روٗزِتھ؟ 1978.
* دی سنڈرنگ چنارز، چھِ اَکھ انگریزی ژھۆٹ دٔلیٖلن ہنٛد سۆمبرُن یس کشمیرٕچ آزٲدی خٲطرٕ جدوجہد 1996 کس بارس مَنٛز چھُ۔
* دی آئیکنز آف کشمیر آئیڈنٹیٹی شایع کرن وٲلؠ:گلشن پبلشرز 2007 
* کشمیر اِن وار اینڈ ڈپلومسی، شایع کرن وٲلؠ: گلشن پبلشرز 2007۔
* زِندگی ہِنٛز غٲر یقینی صورتحال: کشمیر، مسلہٕ تہٕ لوٗکھ۔
* سرینگر-میٛون شَہَر میٛون [[خاب|خابہٕ]] زمیٖن۔
* کشمیرٕچ توٲریخ-وۄمید تہٕ مایوٗسی۔ 
* بدلوُن رنٛگ چھُ کشمیر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Latest News from Kashmir, Breaking News, Current Headlines, Kashmir News Online|url=http://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/2013/Dec/12/kashmir-changing-shades-7.asp}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== یَنام ==

* 2012 29ہِم احمد زرگر ایوارڈ برائے کشمیرک وراثتی ادبس مَنٛز شرکت۔
* 2008 گلشن پبلکیشن ایوارڈ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ لِکھٲرؠ]]
[[زٲژ:1948 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>986dy3vjc93uzh1c5lqnd05qt8ytvui</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>سید صلاح الدین</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147626</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="2819" sha1="27ydj5rf2yz88z9b3nn8xis1xsknemw" xml:space="preserve">{{اِنسان معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ
| name               = سید محمد یوسف شاہ
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|1946|2|18|df=y}}
| birth_place        = [[سۆیہِ بۆگ]]، [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (شاہزٲدؠ رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]]، [[برطٲنوی ہِندوستان]]&lt;br /&gt; (آزُک [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]]، [[ہِندوستان]])
| alma_mater         = [[کشمیر یونیورسٹی]]
| spouse             = نَفیسہ
| children           = 7
}}
'''محمد یوسف شاہ''' (پیدٲیش 18 فَرؤری یا دَسَمبَر 1946) یس عام طور '''سید صلاح الدین''' ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ چھ یوان چھُ، چھُ [[کٔشیٖر|کشمیر]] مَنٛز کٲم کرن واجنہ دہشت گردانہٕ تنظیم [[حِزبُ المجاہِدیٖن|حزب المجاہدین]] سربراہ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{citation|author=|title=Kashmir: Confrontation and Miscalculation|date=2002|url=https://www.crisisgroup.org/asia/south-asia/kashmir/kashmir-confrontation-and-miscalculation|page=6|publisher=International Crisis Group|access-date=26 April 2022|archive-date=26 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426134321/https://www.crisisgroup.org/asia/south-asia/kashmir/kashmir-confrontation-and-miscalculation|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== اِبتدٲے زِندگی ==
سید محمد یوسف شاہ زاو دَسَمبَر 1946 ہس مَنٛز [[وادی کٔشیٖر|وادی کشمیر]] کِس أکِس گام [[سۆیہِ بۆگ]]، [[بَڈگوم|بڈگامس]] مَنٛز۔ أمہِ سُنٛد بٕڑِبَب غُلہٕ صٲب اوس اَکھ مشہوٗر روٗحٲنی شخصیت۔ تٔمؠ سُنٛد مول اوس اَکھ زٔمیٖن دار۔

== ذٲتی زندگی ==
شاہس چھُ خانٛدرٕ کٔرِتھ، یِمَن چھِ پانٛژھ نیٚچِوِ تہٕ زٕ کورِ۔ 2017 ہَس مَنٛز لیٚکھِتھ وۆن ہِنٛدُستٲنہِ صحافی [[برکھا دت]]، یُس أمِس [[راوَلپِنڈی]] مَنٛز سمکھیو، وۆن زِ سید صلاح الدین سُنٛد کانٛہہ تہِ شُرؠ اوس نہٕ دہشت گردی مَنٛز شٲمِل، تہٕ یِمو مَنٛز ٲسؠ ژورَن سرکٲرؠ نوکری کٔرمٕژ۔ 

زٕ نیٚچِوِ آیہِ 2021 مَنٛز جموں و کشمیرَس مَنٛز سرکٲرِ دَفتَرو منٛزٕ ہٹاونہٕ۔ دۆیمہِ ریتس مَنٛز آو تُہُنٛد اَکھ نیچو سید شکیل یوسف دہشت گردی ہندس فنڈنگ کیسس مَنٛز گرفتار کرنہٕ۔ بیٛاکھ نیٚچُو شاہد اوسُکھ گۄڈَے گرفتار کۆرمُت۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ مُسَلمان]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>27ydj5rf2yz88z9b3nn8xis1xsknemw</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>شلومی باینڈر</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147656</origin>
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شلومی باینڈر ([[عبرٲنؠ زبان|عبرانی]]: שלומי בינדר؛ فَرؤری 1975) چھُ الوف (میجر جنرلَس برابر) کِس عہدَس پؠٹھ اَکھ IDF اَفسَر، یُس IDF انٹیلی جنس ڈائریکٹوریٹ (امان) کِس سربراہ سٕنٛدِ حثیتہٕ کٲم کران چھُ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last1=Limor |first1=Yoav |title='When it comes to Hezbollah, IDF must always be a step ahead' |url=https://www.israelhayom.com/2020/11/26/when-it-comes-to-hezbollah-idf-must-always-be-a-step-ahead/ |website=Israel hayom |access-date=2026-02-20|date=2020-11-26}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:اِسرٲیلی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>72df6ie3gk0xqqfolvzjo6y4g8s7atm</sha1>
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  <page>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:43:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147687</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="711" sha1="sfb27r193x3oz3esqs6qn4uxn8ofogr" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ
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شے کلیپر ([[عبرٲنؠ زبان|عبرانی]]: שי קלפר؛ زامُت: 8 جَنؤری 1976) چھُ اَکھ اسرائیلی الوف یمؠ 2025 پیٹھٕ اسرائیلی ڈیفنس فورسز کِس ہوم فرنٹ کمانڈُک کمانڈر سٕنٛدِ حثیتہٕ خدمات انجام دِژمٕژ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Sones&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=Sones|first=Mordecai|date=7 August 2017|title=New Commander of Golani Brigade: Colonel Shai Klapper|url=https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/233565|access-date=3 March 2026|website=[[Arutz Sheva]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:اِسرٲیلی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>sfb27r193x3oz3esqs6qn4uxn8ofogr</sha1>
    </revision>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147605</origin>
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سُنیٖل گرٛووَر (زامُت 3 اَگَست 1977) چھُ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ اداکار تہٕ مزاحیہ اداکار یُس ہِنٛدی تہٕ پنجٲبہِ زبانَن ہِنٛزن فلمَن تہٕ ٹیلی وِجنَس مَنٛز کٲم کران چھُ۔ سُہ گوٚو ٹیلی وِجَن شو [[کامیڈی نایٹس وِد کپِل|کامیڈی نایٹس وِد کپِلَس]] مَنٛز گُٹھی سُنٛد کِردار ادا کرنہٕ باپتھ شہرَس مَنٛز مگر [[دی کپِل شرما شو|دی کپِل شرما شووَس]] مَنٛز کٔرٕن ڈاکٹر مشور گُلاٹی، رِنکو دیوی تہٕ پِڈوٗ سُنٛد کِردار ادا کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ مشہوٗری۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Tiwari|first1=Vijaya|title=I miss Sunil Grover on The Kapil Sharma Show, but a show doesn't stop, it must go on: Sumona Chakravarti|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/i-miss-sunil-grover-on-the-kapil-sharma-show-but-a-show-doesnt-stop-it-must-go-on-sumona-chakravarti/articleshow/59776608.cms|access-date=27 November 2023|work=The Times of India|date=26 July 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ آو فِلمن گھجنی، گبر اِز بیک، دی لیجنڈ آف بھگت سِنٛگھ، ہِندوستان تہٕ جوانَس مَنٛز تہِ وٕچھنہٕ۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ اَداکار]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>سَنٛجے سوٗری</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-04T06:05:50Z</timestamp>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147595</origin>
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      <text bytes="1923" sha1="2a5x2n6bh9gkcujwaalpaaaaaqw38vj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person/Wikidata|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=No|noicon=Yes|spouse=امبیکا سوٗری ([[خانٛدَر|خ]]. 2001)}}

سَنٛجے سوٗری (زامُت 6 اپریل 1971) چھُ اَکھ ہندوستٲنہِ اداکار تہٕ فِلِم پروڈیوسر۔ أمؠ اوس پیار میں کبھی کبھی (1999) ہَس مَنٛز سہارٕ کِردار ادا کوٚرمُت، جھنکار بیٹسَس مَنٛز کٔرٕن اداکٲری، تہٕ [[آئی ایم]] یَس مَنٛز کٔرٕن شریک پروڈیوس تہٕ اداکٲری ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Sharma|first=Garima|date=25 April 2011|title=Sanjay wants 'I Am' premiere in Kashmir|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Sanjay-wants-I-Am-premiere-in-Kashmir/articleshow/8078180.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130724081715/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-04-25/news-interviews/29471183_1_premiere-sanjay-suri-movie|archive-date=24 July 2013|access-date=29 July 2012|work=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== اِبتدٲے زِندگی ==
سَنٛجے سوٗری زاو 6 اپریل 1971 رِیاسَتھ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] کِس [[سِریٖنَگَر|سرینگرَس]] مَنٛز [[کھتری]] کِس أکِس امیر کارٕبٲرؠ خاندانَس مَنٛز۔ تٔمہِ ترٛوو 19 ؤری وٲنٛسہِ مَنٛز سرینگر ییٚلہِ أمہِ سُنٛد مول [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر منٛز بغاوَت|دہشت گردو]] دٔسؠ مارنہٕ آو تہٕ تِم گٔیہِ دِلہِ منتقٕل۔ سوٗری تہٕ أمؠ سٕنٛز خانٛدارِنہِ امبیکا چھِ زٕ شُرؠ۔

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:1971 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ اَداکار]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ پنٛڈِت]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>سمراٹ چودھری</title>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147568</origin>
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'''سمراٹ چودھری''' (زامُت 16 نَوَمبَر 1968) چھُ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ سیاست دان یس 15 اپریل 2026 پیٹھہٕ [[بِہار|بہارک]] 24 ہم وزیر اعلی پٲٹھؠ کٲم چھُ کران۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Home - Show Member Personal Details|url=https://vidhanparishad.bihar.gov.in/profile/77|access-date=2025-10-03|website=vidhanparishad.bihar.gov.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Samrat Chaudhary to take oath as Bihar CM|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/bihar-new-cm-announcement-live-updates-nitish-kumar-resignation-bjp-cm-name-samrat-choudhary-patna-news-april-14-101776127800041.html|website=HT}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ؤزیٖرِ اعلیٰ بِہارُک (2026-ازکال)==

مارٕچ 2026 ہَس مَنٛز کوٚر [[نِتیٖش کُمار|نِتیش کُمارن]] 2026 راجیہ سبھا چُناوس مَنٛز حصہٕ نِنہٕ خٲطرٕ وزیر اعلیٰ سٕنٛدِ عہدٕ سٟتؠ اِستِفہٕ دِنُک اعلان۔ چودھری آو پتہٕ بہار بی جے پی قانون ساز پارٹی ہُنٛد رہنُما چُننہٕ تہٕ 15 اپریل تُل بہارُک وزیر اعلیٰ سٕنٛدِ حشیتہٕ حلف۔ سُہ چھُ بہارُک وزیر اعلیٰ سٕنٛدِ حثیتہٕ خدمات انجام دِنہٕ وول گۄڈنُیٛک بی جے پی سیاست دان۔

==نیٛاے==

چودھری سٕنٛدِ جَنٛگجوٗ اندازَن کٔر تناضہٕ کھڑا، یَتھ مَنٛز بہارٕک وزیر اعلیٰ [[نِتیٖش کُمار|نِتیش کمارَس]] پؠٹھ زبٲنی حملہٕ تہِ شٲمِل چھُ (مِثالَن مئی 2023 ہَس مَنٛز تٔمِس پؠٹھ الزام لگاوُن زِ سُہ چھُ [[آنَنٛد موہن سِنٛگھ]] ہِوین مُجرِمن بڑاو دِنُک الزام لگٲوِتھ، جیلَس مَنٛز دورٕ کِس تنازَس دوران)۔ تٔمؠ کوٚر الزام زِ جے ڈی یو ہٕکؠ لالان سنگھَن کٔر بِہارَس مَنٛز 2016 ہَس مَنٛز پابٔنٛدی باوجوٗد أکِس دعوتَس مَنٛز شراب اِستِمال، ییٚمہِ سٟتؠ جے ڈی یو یَس مذمت آیہِ کرنہٕ۔ چودھریَن کٔر کُشواہا/کُرمی رہنُما أکِس طرفہٕ تراونَس پؠٹھ کُمارَس پؠٹھ تنقیٖد تہٕ جوٗن 2023 ہَس مَنٛز کوٚرُن [[راہُل گاندھی|راہُل گانٛدھی]] سٕنٛز [[ریش|ریشُک]] ہُنٛد موازنہٕ [[اُسامہ بِن لادِن|اسامہ بن لادنَس]] سٟتؠ۔

2025 مَنٛز کوٚر [[پرشانت کشور|پرشانت کشورَن]] الزام زِ چودھری یَن چھُ 1995 کِس تاراپور قَتٕل کیسَس مَنٛز معموٗلی حیثیتُک دعوا کرنہٕ باپتھ جعلی دستاویز بنٲومٕتؠ۔ عمرِ ہٕنٛدِس اہلِیتَس پؠٹھ سوالَن درمیان دِیُت تٔمؠ 1999 مَنٛز رابری دیوی سٕنٛدِس دورَس مَنٛز &quot;کم عمر وزیر&quot; سٕنٛدِ عہدَس پؠٹھ اِستِفہٕ۔ تَنقیٖد نِگار چھِ تٔمؠ سٕنٛزِ پارٹی بدلاون (آر جے ڈی → جے ڈی (یو) → ایچ اے ایم → بی جے پی) تہٕ چُناو حلف نامَن ہٕنٛز وٲنسہِ بمقابلہٕ 1995 ہٕکؠ کیسٕک دستاویزَن مَنٛز تضادَن ہُنٛد اِشارٕ کَران۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:ہِندوستانٕکؠ سِیاسَتھ دان]]
[[زٲژ:1968 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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        <id>9889</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''شان مَجُمدار''' (زامُت 29 جَنؤری 1972) چھُ اَکھ کینیڈین اداکار تہٕ مزاحیہ اداکار۔ سُہ چھُ دِس آورس ہز 22 منٹَس مَنٛز پنٛنہِ کِردارٕ خٲطرٕ مشہوٗر، ییٚتہِ تٔمؠ 2003 پؠٹھٕ 2018 تام کٲم کٔر۔ تٔمؠ زیوٗن 2006 مَنٛز سیریزَس مَنٛز پننہِ کٲم خٲطرٕ جیمنی ایوارڈ۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدؠن باقٕے ٹیلی وِجَن کریڈٹَن مَنٛز چھِ ریپبلک آف ڈویل (2010–2014) تہٕ [[فرٛوم|فرام]] (2022–موجودٕ) شٲمِل۔

== شُروٲتی زِندگی ==
مَجُمدار، یُس 29 جَنؤری 1972 [[ٹورانٹو|ٹورنٹو]] ہس مَنٛز أکِس ہِندوستٲنؠ [[مول|مٲلِس]] یُس [[مَغرَبی بَنٛگال]] پؠٹھ اوس تہٕ یورپی-کینیڈین [[موج|ماجہِ]] زامُت، أمؠ سٕنٛز پرؤرِش گٔیہِ برلنگٹن، نیو فاؤنڈ لینڈَس مَنٛز ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia|last=Jones|first=Susan M.|date=2013|title=Shaun Majumder|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/shaun-majumder|encyclopedia=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]]|access-date=18 November 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt; أمؠ سُنٛد مول موج گٔیہِ سَتَو ؤرِیو پتہٕ الگ، تہٕ أمِس چھِ اَکھ بٔڑ بیٚنہِ۔ بۆڑ گژھِتھ اوس سُہ پننہِ نسلی شناختہٕ نِش بےٚ خبر۔ سُہ چھُ پنٕنؠ موج یاد کران، یۄس 2003 مَنٛز گزرییہِ، أکِس {{مانے|بےٚ غرض شخصیت|Selfless figure}} ہٕنٛدِ پٲٹھؠ ییٚمؠ أمِس تہٕ أمؠ سٕنٛزِ بیٚنہِ تِہنٛدِس غریب حالاتَس نِش بچٲو۔ مَجُمدار چھُ نیو فاؤنڈ لینڈَس خٲطرٕ سؠٹھاہ تعٲریفُک اظہار کران، یٔمؠ تٔمؠ سٕنٛز زِنٛدگی تہٕ کٲم نمایاں طور متٲثر کٔر۔

==ذٲتی زِندگی==

21 دَسَمبَر 2012 کوٚر مَجُمدارَن امریکی اداکأر شیلبی فینرَس سٟتؠ خانٛدر۔ یِمَن چھِ زٕ کورِ۔ مَجُمدار اوس لاس اینجلسَس مَنٛز روزان مگر 2025 مَنٛز گوٚو ہیلیفیکس، نووا سکوشیا منتقل۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کینَڈی اَداکار]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>drcwf3u023hzdyda8a7o7fgqk1huxxw</sha1>
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    <title>بَرلِنٛگٹَن، اونٹاریو</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>8158</id>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
      <origin>147469</origin>
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      <text bytes="1214" sha1="kfqwo2lkux429zimbdvjmvwei348c0w" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement/Wikidata}}[[File:Brant_Street_in_Downtown_Burlington,_Ontario.jpg|thumb|برائنٹ سٹریٹ، برلِنٛگٹن، شہر (2009) ]]

بَرلِنٛگٹَن چھُ [[کینَڈا|کینیڈین]] صوبہٕ [[اونٹاریو|اونٹاریوُک]] اَکھ شَہَر۔ بَرلِنٛگٹَن اوس 1874 مَنٛز قٲیم کرنہٕ آمُت، تہٕ 1974 مَنٛز کوٚرُکھ شہرک درجہٕ حٲصل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Rayburn|first=Alan|title=Place Names of Ontario|url=https://archive.org/details/placenamesofonta0000rayb|publisher=University of Toronto Press|year=1997|isbn=0-8020-7207-0|location=Toronto-Buffalo-London|page=[https://archive.org/details/placenamesofonta0000rayb/page/48 48]|author-link=Alan Rayburn}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== آبٲدی ==
{{Historical populations|1901|1119|1911|1831|1921|2709|1931|3046|1941|3815|1951|6017|1961|47008|1971|87023|1981|114853|1991|129575|1996|136976|2011|150836|2006|164415|2011|175779|2016|183314|2021|186948|title=بَرلِنٛگٹَن|type=کینَڈا|align=right|width=|state=|shading=|percentages=|footnote=&lt;ref name=&quot;census2011&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;2016census&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;census2021&quot;/&gt;}}

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کینَڈا]]</text>
      <sha1>kfqwo2lkux429zimbdvjmvwei348c0w</sha1>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
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'''احمد سلمان رُشدی'''{{Efn|text={{IPAc-en|s|ʌ|l|ˈ|m|ɑː|n|_|ˈ|r|ʊ|ʃ|d|i}} {{respell|sul|MAHN|_|RUUSH|dee}}&lt;ref&gt;Pointon, Graham (ed.): ''BBC Pronouncing Dictionary of British Names'', second edition. Oxford Paperbacks, 1990.&lt;/ref&gt;}} چھُ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ برطانوی ناول نٔویٖس تہٕ مضمون نِگار۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Salman Rushdie claims victory in Facebook name battle|publisher=BBC News|date=15 November 2011|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-15733026|access-date=16 June 2017|archive-date=26 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170626024809/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-15733026|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; أمؠ سٕنٛز ژوٗرِم ناول، [[دی سیٹنک ورس]]، ٲس أکِس بٔڑِس تنازُک مرکز یٔمؠ واریاہَن مُلکَن مَنٛز مُسلمانَن ہُنٛد احتجاج شۆروٗع کوٚر۔ 14 فَرؤری 1989ءمَنٛز دِیُت [[روح اللہ خمینی|آیت اللہ خمینی ین]] سلمان رُشدی سُنٛد قَتٕل کرنُک فتوا جٲری۔ یُس از تام جٲری چھُ۔

== شُروٲتی زِندگی ==
رُشدی زاو 19 جوٗن 1947 بمبیہِ (وۄنؠ [[ممبئی]]) مَنٛز أکِس [[کٲشِرؠ مُسَلمان]] خاندانس مَنٛز۔ أمؠ سٕنٛدِس مٲلِس انیس احمد رُشدی، یُس اَکھ سٲبِقہٕ سِوَل سرونٹ بنٛیمُت کارٕبٲرؠ اوس، پیوٚو پننہِ خذمتَس دوران أمؠ سٕنٛزِ وٲنٛسہِ پؠٹھ تناضہٕ ہُنٛد سامنہٕ۔ رُشدی، ییٚمِس ترٛےٚ بیٚنہِ چھِ، کوٚر نوٹ زِ أمؠ سٕنٛدِ مٲلؠ اوس فلسفی ایورروز سٕنٛدِس احترامَس مَنٛز رُشدی ذاتھ اپنومٕژ۔ پننہٕ یادداشت &quot;جوزف اینٹن&quot; مَنٛز چھُ تٔمؠ لۄکچارٕ پیٹھٕ اہم ادبی اثراتن ہُنٛد ذِکر، خاص طور پی جی ووڈ ہاؤس تہٕ اگاتھا کرسٹی سٕنٛزن کامین ہُنٛد لطف تُلان۔ سُہ چھُ شوقہٕ سان یاد کران زِ &quot;دی وزرڈ آف اوزڈ،&quot; &quot;ایلسز ایڈونچرز ان ونڈر لینڈ،&quot; تہٕ &quot;سولوز اینڈ ایمیزونز&quot; سیریز سٟتؠ ٲس مسحور گمژ۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛز ادبی مہم جوئی روٗز گولڈن ایج ساینس فکشن ہٕنٛدس بارٕ مؠقدارس سٟتؠ جٲری۔ ابتدٲیی طور کٔرٕن بمبیہِ کِس کیتھیڈرل تہٕ جان کونن سکوٗلَس مَنٛز تٲلیٖم حٲصِل، سُہ گوٚو 1961 ٹھس مَنٛز [[اِنگلِستان]] ہجرت، رگبی سکوٗلَس مَنٛز تٔعلیٖم حٲصِل کٔرٕنؠ، تہٕ پتہٕ کٔرٕن 1968 مَنٛز کِنگس کالج، کیمبرج پؠٹھٕ تاریخَس مَنٛز بی اے گریجویشن۔

== پیشہٕ ==

رُشدیَن کٔر پننہِ پیشورانہٕ زِندگی ہُنٛد آغاز اوگِلوی اینٛڈ میتھرَس مَنٛز کاپی رائٹر سٕنٛدِ حثیتہٕ، ایرو باپتھ &quot;اِرِزِسٹی ببل&quot; تہٕ کریم کیک باپتھ &quot;شرارتی بٹ نائس&quot; ہِوؠ قٲبلِ ذِکر نعرٕ بنٲوؠ‌۔ تتہٕ ملازمت دوران لیچھ تم مڈنائٹس چلڈرن، یم تٔمؠ سٕنٛدس کل وقتی تحریری کیریئرس مَنٛز منتقلی ہنٛز نشاندہی کٔر۔ تیم سٟنٛز ادبی کامین چھِ اکثر پوسٹ ماڈرنزم تہٕ میجک ریئلزمس سٟتؠ شناخت یوان کرنہٕ، یوس ہم عصر ثقافتس مَنٛز بڑاو لاتعلقی ہند ردعمل چھُ مجسم کران، یَتھ کٕن زَن جیفری ٹی نیلن سٕندِ میٹا ماڈرنزم کہِ تصورس سٟتؠ نمایاں چھُ گژھان۔

رُشدی سٕنٛز ابتدٲیی ناولہٕ، گریمس (1975) ہیوٚک نہٕ توجہ حٲصِل، مگر أمؠ سٕنٛز بیٛاکھ کٲم، مڈنائٹس چلڈرن (1981)، یۄس ہندوستان چہِ آزٲدی دوران سلیم سینائی سٕنٛز زِنٛدگی ہٕنٛز دریافت چھِ کران، کٔر سؠٹھاہ اِستقبالہٕ حٲصِل، تہٕ زیوٗن بُکر پرائز تہٕ پتہٕ خصوصی بُکر تعریف۔ اَمہِ پتہٕ کوٚر تٔمؠ شرم (1983) مَنٛز پٲکِستانٕچ سیٲسی افراتفری ہُنٛد مقابلہٕ، تہٕ کٔرٕن دی جیگوار سمایل (1987) سٟتؠ سیٲسی غیر افسانوی مَنٛز قدم ۔ [[شیطٲنی آیات]] (1988) چہ اشاعتن ووت تنازعہ تہٕ تس خَلاف آو فتوا کرنہٕ۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛز امہٕ پتہٕ کامہٕ، ہارون اینڈ دی سی آف سٹوریزن (1990)، کٔر تمس درپیش مُشکلاتن درمیان دٔلیل وننہٕ ہنٛد بچاو پیش۔ 

1990s -2000s, کۆر رُشدیَن مَشہوٗر ناول شایع کرُن جٲری، یمن مَنٛز دی مورز لاسٹ سیگ (1995) تہٕ شالیمار دی کلاؤن (2005) شٲمل چھِ، تہٕ ایسٹ، ویسٹ (1994) ہِوین سۆمبرُنن سٟتؠ کرٕن افسانن مَنٛز شٲمل۔ تٔمؠ سُنٛد تحریر چھُ مختلف ادبی شخصیاتو سٟتؠ متٲثر، تہٕ تٔمؠ چھِ کافکا، ڈکنز تہٕ جویِس ہِوین ادیبن تعریف کرنُک اظہار کوٚرمت۔ 2008 مَنٛز شایَع گژھن وٲل دی اینچینٹریس آف فلورنس، چھُ تٔمؠ سٟنٛز اَکھ پیچیدٕ ترین تخلیقہٕ کس طورس پؠٹھ، یُس تٔمؠ سٕنٛدس پایدار ادبی ترقی تہٕ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدین بیانیہ عزایمن ہٕنٛز گہرٲیی ہٕنٛز عکاسی کران چھ۔

==شیطٲنی آیات تہٕ فتوا==

{{اَہَم|شیطٲنی آیاتُک تنازٕ}}

تٔمؠ سٕنٛز ژوٗرِم ناول، شیطانی آیات (Satanic Verses)، یۄس 1988 مَنٛز شایع گٔیہ، بنییہِ تٔمؠ سٕنٛز ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ تنازٕ لد ناول، یۄس پوٗرٕ دُنؠ‌یاہَس مَنٛز مُسلمان توہین مذہب مانان ٲسؠ‌۔

14 فَرؤری 1989ءمَنٛز دِیُت [[روح اللہ خمینی|آیت اللہ خمینی ین]] سلمان رُشدی سُنٛد قَتٕل کرنُک فتوا جٲری۔

===مارنٕکؠ حملہٕ===

{{اَہَم|سلمان رُشدیس پؠٹھ چھُرؠ حملہٕ}}

12 اَگَست 2022 کوٚر سُہ نیویارکَس مَنٛز [[ہادی مطرَن]] قتٕل، ییٚمہِ کِس نٔتیٖجس مَنٛز سُہ شٔدیٖد زخمی گوٚو، مگر سُہ آو فوری طور ہیلی کاپٹر ذریعہٕ ہسپتال منتقل کرنہٕ تہٕ روٗد زندٕ۔

== یَنام تہٕ اعزاز ==

* آسٹریا کہ ریاستی انعام براے یورپی ادب (1993) 
* بُکر پرایز (1981)
* ڈاکٹر آنورس کاسا (Dr.h.c.). یوٗنِوَرسِٹی آف لیج، بیلجیم (1999)
* گولڈن پین ایوارڈ
* ہنس کرسچن اینڈرسن لٹریچر ایوارڈ (2014) &lt;ref name=&quot;politiken&quot; /&gt;
* اعزازی ڈگری آف ڈاکٹر آف ہیومن لیٹرز (L. H. D.) انڈیانا یوٗنِوَرسِٹی طرفہٕ (2018)
* اعزازی ڈگری آف ڈاکٹر آف لیٹرز (ID1).... ایموری یوٗنِوَرسِٹی طرفہٕ (2015)
* جیمز جویس ایوارڈ یوٗنِوَرسِٹی کالج ڈبلن (2008) 
* ثقافتی انسانیتس مَنٛز شاندار لائف ٹائم اچیومنٹ ہارورڈ یوٗنِوَرسِٹی (2007) پؠٹھ۔
* پین پنٹر انعام (یوٗکے)
* سینٹ لویس لٹریری ایوارڈ سینٹ لویس یوٗنِوَرسِٹی لایبریری ایسوسی ایٹس کہٕ طرفہٕ 
* سویس فری تھنکرز ایوارڈ 2019 
* جرمن پبلشرن اینڈ بک سیلرز ایسوسی ایشن (BPA) ، جرمنی، 2023
* چیمپین آف رایٹرز ایوارڈ از مصنفین گلڈ فاؤنڈیشن 2025 مَنٛز۔
* 2025 ایمبیسیڈر رچرڈ سی ہولبروک ڈسٹنگشڈ اچیومنٹ ایوارڈ، ڈیٹن ادبی امن انعامات مَنٛز اَکھ۔

==ذٲتی زِندگی==

رُشدی اوس آزاد خیال کٲشِرؠ مُسلمان خاندانس مَنٛز زامُت مگر وۄنؠ چھُ اَکھ [[ناستؠکھ]].

رشدی یَس چھُ پانٛژِ لَٹہِ خانٛدر کوٚرمُت۔ 2004 پؠٹھٕ 2007 تام اوس تٔمِس ہِنٛدُستٲنہِ نسٕل امریکی ٹیلی وِجَن پریزینٹر تہٕ ماڈل [[پدما لکشمی]] سٟتؠ خانٛدر کٔرِتھ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

{{Notelist}}

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ لِکھٲرؠ]]
[[زٲژ:1947 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:اَمریٖکی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147620</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="2229" sha1="akb1ura826nv47hsrcdzf5y9zem2vf5" xml:space="preserve">{{اِنسان معلوٗمات ڈَبہٕ
| name               = سکاٹ میک کارڈ
| image              = Scott McCord &amp; The Bonafide Truth.jpg
| alt                = &lt;!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software --&gt;
| caption            = میک کارڈ  2013 ہَس مَنٛز
| birth_name         = 
| birth_date         = &lt;!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} for living people supply only the year with {{Birth year and age|YYYY}} unless the exact date is already widely published, as per [[WP:DOB]]. For people who have died, use {{Birth date|YYYY|MM|DD}}. --&gt;
| birth_place        = 
| occupation         = اداکار
| years_active       = 1996–ازکال
| spouse             = {{marriage|کیلسی میتھیسن-میک کارڈ|2008}}
| children           = 1
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سکاٹ میک کورڈ چھُ اَکھ کینیڈین اداکار۔ تٔمؠ چھِ فِلمَن، ٹیلی وِجنَس، اینیمیشنَس تہٕ سٹیجَس پؠٹھ اداکٲری کٔرمٕژ۔ سُہ چھُ دی ایکٹرز سٹوڈیوُک اَکھ رُکُن۔ ٹیلی وِجنَس پؠٹھ چھُ تٔمؠ سیریزَن مَنٛز باقٲعدٕ، دوبارٕ ینہٕ وٲلؠ تہٕ مہمان اداکارن ہِنٛدِ رول ادا کٔرمٕتؠ۔ سُہ چھُ پننہِ وایِس اوور کامہِ خٲطرٕ تہِ زاننہٕ یِوان، خاص پٲٹھؠ ٹوٹل ڈرامہ سیریزَس مَنٛز اووَن تہٕ باقیَن ہِنٛز آواز دِنہٕ خٲطرٕ۔ سُہ چھُ [[فرٛوم]] سیریٖز مَنٛز وِکٹر سُنٛد کردار تہٕ ادا کوٚرمُت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;btva&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Scott McCord (visual voices guide)|url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/Scott-McCord/|website=behindthevoiceactors.com|type=A green check mark indicates that a role has been confirmed using a screenshot (or collage of screenshots) of a title's list of voice actors and their respective characters found in its credits or other reliable sources of information|accessdate=November 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کینَڈی اَداکار]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>akb1ura826nv47hsrcdzf5y9zem2vf5</sha1>
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    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>SakuraBot</username>
        <id>9889</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147677</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9241" sha1="s6equvzyi4u9z7exuyr3lmqlfphypcu" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person/Wikidata|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=No|noicon=Yes}}

'''شہلا رَشیٖد شورا''' چھِ اَکھ سٲبِقہٕ ہِندوستٲنؠ [[کٲشِرؠ لوٗکھ|کٲشِر]] سمٲجی کارکُن، تہٕ جواہر لال نہرو یوٗنِوَرسِٹی سُٹوڈنٹس یوٗنین (جے این یو ایس یو) ہٕنٛز سٲبِقہٕ رہنُما۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Voice from Valley leads JNU narrative|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Voice-from-Valley-leads-JNU-narrative/articleshow/51299276.cms|date=8 March 2016|work=[[The Times of India]]|language=en|access-date=7 May 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; سۄ گٔیہِ طٲلبہِ عٔلمَن ہِنٛزِ تٔحریٖکہِ ہٕنٛز قِیادَتھ کران کران مَشہوٗر، یَتھ مَنٛز کَنہیا کُمار، عُمَر خالِد تہٕ باقیَن ہِنٛزِ رِہٲیی ہُنٛد مُطالبہٕ اوس یِوان کرنہٕ، یِم فَرؤری 2016 ہَس مَنٛز جے این یو (JNU) ہَس مَنٛز نعرٕ بٲزی ہُنٛد اِنتِظام کرنہٕ تہٕ اَتھ مَنٛز شٲمِل گژھنہٕ خٲطرٕ بَغاوَتھ کِس اِلزامَس تَحَت گِرَفتار ٲسؠ کرنہٕ آمٕتؠ۔

شورا ٲس کٔشیٖرِ مَنٛز انسٲنی حقوقٕن ہٕنٛدِس صورتحالَس مُتعلِق آواز بلند کٔرمٕژ، خاص پٲٹھؠ ٲس حِراستَس مَنٛز تھاونہٕ آمٕتؠ نابالغَن ہٕنٛدِس مُقدِمس مُطٲبِق، تہٕ ٲس کٔشیٖرِ مَنٛز نوجوانَن ہٕنٛدِ قیادتُک پروگرام منعقد کرنہٕ پتہٕ 2010 پیٹھٕ سرگرم۔ تٔمؠ کوٚر 'قبضہٕ یوٗ جی سی تحریٖک' منظم کرنس مَنٛز تہٕ یوٗنِوَرسِٹی گرانٹس کمیشن (یو جی سی) ہیڈ کوارٹرس مَنٛز نان این ای ٹی فیلوشپ واپس نِنَس خَلاف احتجاج کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ &quot;کیمپ&quot; کرنُک فٲصلہٕ کرنس مَنٛز اہم کردار ادا۔ تٔمؠ کٔر گریجویٹ طٲلبہِ عٔلمن ہِنٛدِس وظیفَس مَنٛز ہُرؠر مَنٛگنہٕ خٲطرٕ وزارت اِنسٲنی وسٲیل ترقی کُن احتجاجی مارچٕچ قیادت۔

== شُروٲتی زِندگی ==
شہلا رشید شورا زایہِ 30 اپریل 1988 ہس مَنٛز [[حَبہٕ کٔدٕل]] علاقہٕ کِس پرانہِ شَہَر [[سِریٖنَگَر|سرینگرَس]] مَنٛز ۔

== سرگرمی ==

شہلا رَشیٖد شورا چھِ 2010 پیٹھٕ کٔشیٖرِ مَنٛز انسٲنی حقوقَن خٲطرٕ اَکھ سرگرم آواز رودمٕژ، خاص طور پٲٹھؠ چھِ نابالغن ہٕنٛدِ خٲطرٕ انصافٕچ وکالت کران تہٕ انٹرنیٹ ہراساں کرنٕکؠ قونوٗنَن مَنٛز اصلاح کرنٕچ کوٗشِشن مَنٛز حصہٕ نِوان۔ 2013 ہَس مَنٛز کوٚر تٔمؠ کٔشیٖرِ ہُنٛد گۄڈنُیٛک زنانہٕ راک بینڈ پرگاشُک بچاو، ییٚلہِ تِمَن آن لایِن شٔدیٖد حراساں کرنُک سامنہٕ کرُن، تِمَن ہٕنٛز حمایت کرنہٕ تہٕ قدامت پسند ردعملٕچ مذمت کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ کٔرٕکھ جوابی مُہِم شۆروٗع۔ 2014 ہس مَنٛز لوٚڑ أمہِ جے این یوٗ ہس مَنٛز جِنسی حساسیت کٔمیٖٹی خٲطرٕ اِنتِخاب، مگر سۄ گٔیہِ ناکام۔

تٔمؠ سٕنٛزِ سیٲسی پیشورانہٕ زِندگی کٔر 2015 ہَس مَنٛز تَمہِ وِزِ زور ییٚلہِ تٔمؠ کھورِ طرفہٕ حمایت یافتہ آل انڈیا سُٹوڈنٹس ایسوسی ایشنٕک امیدوار سٕنٛدِ حثیتہٕ جے این یو سُٹوڈنٹ یونینُک نٲیِب صدارت حٲصِل کٔر، ییٚمہِ سٟتؠ سۄ یہِ عہدٕ حٲصِل کَرن واجیٚنؠ گۄڈٕنِچ کٲشِر زنانہٕ بنییہِ۔ پنٛنہِ انتخابٕ پتہٕ کٔر تٔمؠ طالبہِ علمَن ہٕنٛز سیاستَس پؠٹھ یوٗنِوَرسِٹی ہٕنٛدِس پابٔنٛدی ہٕنٛز مُخٲلِفت تہٕ ایم فِل تہٕ پی ایچ ڈی سُکالرشِپَن خٲطرٕ مٲلی اِمداد مَنٛز کٔمی خٕلاف احتجاجٕچ قیادت، تہٕ کٔرٕن دِلہِ ہِنٛزِ مُختٔلِف یوٗنِوَرسِٹی &quot;قبضہٕ یوٗ جی سی&quot; جنڈَس تَل یکجا ۔

فَرؤری 2016 ہَس مَنٛز سٲتھی طٲلبہِ عٔلِم رہنُماہن ہٕنٛز بغاوت کِس الزامَس مَنٛز گِرِفتٲری پتہٕ کٔر رشیدَن طٲلبہِ علمَن ہٕنٛز یونینُک عبوری صدر سٕنٛدِ حثیتہٕ قدم۔ سۄ بنییہِ احتجاجَن مَنٛز اَکھ نُمایا شخصیت، ساسہٕ بٔدؠ لوٗکَن ہٕنٛز بغاوت کِس قونوٗنَس خِلاف جمع تہٕ تٲلیمی اِدارَن مَنٛز ذات پات پؠٹھ مبنی امتیاز مقابلہٕ کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ کٔرٕن قونوٗن سٲزی ہٕنٛدِس اصلاحاتن پؠٹھ زور دِنہٕ۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛزِ سرگرمیہِ چھِ پسماندٕ آوازن خٲطرٕ پلیٹ فارم بناونس تہٕ کٔشیٖرِ تہٕ ہندوستانس دۄشوٕنی مَنٛز نِظٲمی ظُلمُک مقابلہٕ کرنَس پؠٹھ توجہ دِوان۔

==تنازٕ ==

علی گڑھ مسلم یوٗنِوَرسِٹی سُٹوڈنٹ یونینَن (اے ایم یو ایس یو) کٔر فَرؤری 2017 ہَس مَنٛز شہلہ رشیدَس خَلاف پیغمبر محمد صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم سٕنٛدِس مُتعلِق توہین آمیز ماننہٕ یِنہٕ وٲلِس فیس بُک پوسٹَس پؠٹھ ایف آئی آر درٕج۔ اکتوبر 2018 ہَس مَنٛز کوٚر تٔمؠ آئرش گلوکار شہداء داوِتَس اسلامَس مَنٛز خٲر مقدم، ییٚمہِ کِس نٔتیٖجس مَنٛز آن لایِن ردعمل گوٚو، ییٚمہِ کِنؠ تٔمؠ پنُن ٹویٹر اکاؤنٹ مختصر وقتَس خٲطرٕ بند کٔر۔ فَرؤری 2019 ہَس مَنٛز اوسُکھ دہرادوُن پولیسَن أکِس ٹویٹَس پؠٹھ ایف آئی آر درٕج کٔرمٕژ یَتھ مَنٛز یہِ الزام لوٚگمُت زِ کٲشِرِ کورِ آسہٕ أکِس ہاسٹلَس مَنٛز پھٔسؠ‌مٕژ، یَتھ پُلسن افواہ قرار دِیُت۔ اَتھ ایف آیی آرَس مَنٛز چھُ تعزیرت ہند کِس دفعہٕ 504، 505 تہٕ 153 بی ہُک حَوالہٕ دِنہٕ آمُت۔ اَگَست 2019 ہَس مَنٛز لوٚگ راشدَن جموں و کشمیرُک خصوٗصی درجہٕ واپس نِنہٕ پتہٕ ہِنٛدُستٲنؠ فوجَس پؠٹھ کٔشیٖرِ ہُنٛد عذابُک اِلزام، فوجَن کوٚر اِنکار۔ پتہٕ آیہِ ؤکیٖل آلوک شریواستوا سٕنٛدِ دٔسؠ أمِس خٕلاف بغاوتٕچ شِکایت درٕج کرنہٕ۔

==نظریات ==

اے این آئی یس سٕتہِ أکِس انٹرویوَس مَنٛز دِیُت شہلا رشیدَن ؤزیٖر اعظم [[نَرینٛدَر مودی]] تہٕ ؤزیٖر داخلہ امیت شاہ سٕنٛدِ جموں و کشمیر تنازعہٕ ہُنٛد &quot;خوٗن روٚس&quot; سیٲسی حل حٲصِل کرنَس پؠٹھ تعریف۔ پننِس ایکس پوسٹَس مَنٛز لیوٚکھ شہلا رشیدن &quot;میانہِ دِل بدلاونُک وجہ چھُ یہِ احساس زِ عالی جناب، وزیر اعظم نریندر مودی چھُ اَکھ بے غرض اِنسان یُس ہندوستان بدلاونہٕ خٲطرٕ بُنیٲدی فٲصلہٕ چھُ نِوان۔ تٔمؠ چھُ شٔدیٖد تنقیدُک بہادُر کوٚرمُت مگر روٗد شمولیتی ترقی کِس پننِس نظرِیَس پؠٹھ ثٲبت قدم یُس نہٕ کانٛہہ تہِ پتھ کُن تراوُن&quot;۔

==سِیٲسی جمٲژ ==

شہلا رشید ٲس مختصر وقتہٕ خٲطرٕ [[شاہ فیصل|جموں و کشمیر پیپلز موومنٹ (جے کے پی ایم)]] مَنٛز شٲمِل گٔمٕژ، یۄسہٕ سٲبقہٕ آئی اے ایس اَفسَر [[شاہ فیصل|شاہ فیصلَن]] شۆروٗع کٔرمٕژ چھِ۔ تاہم چھُ وۄنؠ امی نشہِ اِستعیٖف دِتمُت۔ نَوَمبَر 2023 ہَس مَنٛز کٔر شوراہن اے این آئی یس سٟتؠ أکِس انٹرویوَس مَنٛز پی ایم [[نَرینٛدَر مودی]] تہٕ وزیرِ دٲخلہٕ سٕنٛدِ تعریف۔ تٔمؠ ووٚن زِ [[پرَٛکٕرٲن ۳۷۰|آرٹیکل 370]] نامنظوٗر گژھنہٕ پتہٕ چھِ کٔشیٖرِ ہٕنٛز صورتحال بدلیمٕژ تہٕ امیُک سورُے سہرٕ چھُ وزیر اعظم تہٕ ایچ ایمَس گژھان۔

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1988 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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سُپرِیا شُکلا (مالِنؠ ذاتھ رینا) چھےٚ اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ ٹیلی وِجَن تہٕ فلمی اداکارہ۔ سۄ چھےٚ زی ٹی وی کِس مشہوٗر ڈراما [[کُنٛڈلی بھاگیہ|کُنڈلی بھاگیا]] تہٕ [[کُم کُم بھاگیہ|کُم کُم بھاگیاہَس]] مَنٛز سرلا اروڑا سٕنٛدِ کِردارٕ باپتھ زاننہٕ یِوان۔ &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Singh|first=Arpita|date=10 October 2017|title=Supriya Shukla says Kumkum Bhagya integral part of her life|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/tv-supriya-shukla-says-kumkum-bhagya-integral-part-of-her-life-405829|access-date=11 December 2020|work=India TV News|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;2023 ہَس مَنٛز کوٚر أمؠ بڑے اچھے لگتے ہیں 3 مَنٛز شالینی کپوٗر سُنٛد کردار ادا کرُن شروٗع۔

==ذٲتی زِندگی==

سُپرِیا سُنٛد خاندان ٲس کٲشِرؠ پَنٛڈِتھ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ اَداکار]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ فِلِم اَداکارہ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="1037" sha1="a97w6vze428r36ek79ixqoq0v3au36a" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox political geography}}
'''روسُک ژار شٲہی'''، یَتھ '''ماسکوُک ژار شٲہی''' تہٕ ونان چھِ، ٲس 1547 مَنٛز ایوان IV سنٛد ذریعہٕ [[ژار]] سُنٛد لقب حٲصل کرنہٕ پتہٕ 1721 مَنٛز [[پیٹر اعظم|پیٹر دی گریٹ]] کہ ذریعہٕ روٗسی سلطنتٕچ بُنیاد ترٛاونس تام مرکزی روٗسی رِیاسَتھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Obolensky|first1=Dimitri|title=Byzantium and the Slavs|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900881410081|date=1994|publisher=St. Vladimir's Seminary Press|isbn=9780881410082|location=Crestwood, NY|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900881410081/page/n30 17]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== تَصویٖر خانہٕ ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
فَیِل:Russia_Mercator_1595.jpg|&lt;!--''Russia'', [[Gerardus Mercator|Mercator]], 1595--&gt;
فَیِل:Herberstein-Moscovia.jpg|&lt;!--''Moscovia'', [[Sigismund von Herberstein|Herberstein]], 1549--&gt;
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:سٲبِقہ مُلُک]]</text>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''شیخ شوکت حُسین''' 5 فَرؤری 1954 ہس مَنٛز زامُت اَکھ [[کٲشِرؠ لوٗکھ|کٲشُر]] سیٲسی تجزیہ کار تہٕ اِنسٲنی حقوٗق تہٕ [[بین الاقوامی قونوٗن]] چھُ اَکھ  ممتاز سٕکالر، أمؠ چھِ [[کشمیر تنازٕ|کشمیر تنازس]] پؠٹھ واریاہ کتابہٕ لؠچھمَژٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=|title=Dr. Sheikh Showkat Hussain|url=https://www.facebook.com/DrSheikhShowkatHussain|access-date=8 May 2014|publisher=Facebook.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=3 June 2011|title=Kashmir-Palestine in the Making By Dr Sheikh Showkat Hussain|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/57025261/Kashmir-Palestine-In-the-Making-By-Dr-Sheikh-Showkat-Hussain|access-date=8 May 2014|publisher=Scribd.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== زانہِ زِندگی ==

شیخ شوکتَن کٔر 1978 مَنٛز [[علی گڑھ مُسلِم یونیورسٹی]] پؠٹھٕ بیچلر آف لاء ڈِگری مُکمَل، اَمہِ پتہٕ کٔرٕن 1990 تس مَنٛز &quot;اسلامک سٹیٹس مَنٛز غٲر مسلمانن ہٕنٛز حیثیت&quot; پؠٹھ پنٕنؠ مقالہٕ خٲطرٕ ماسٹرز اِن لاء تہٕ پی ایچ ڈی دِنہٕ، یُس پتہٕ ملیشیاہَس مَنٛز &quot;اقلیت، اِسلام تہٕ قومی رِیاسَتھ&quot; ناوٕ سٟتؠ شایع گوٚو۔ طٲلبہِ علمہٕ کِس دۄہَس پؠٹھ اوس سِیٲسی تحریٖکَن مَنٛز سرگرم حصہٕ نِنہٕ وول، یِمو روٗد کٔشیٖرِ مَنٛز خۄد ارادیت مُتعلِق [[شيخ عبدالله|شیخ محمد عبداللہ]] ہَس خٕلاف مُہِم چلاوان۔

علی گڑھس مَنٛز کٔر تٔمؠ یوٗنِوَرسِٹی ہُنٛد اِسلٲمی کردار کم کرنٕچ حکومتی کوٗشِشن ہٕنٛز مُخٲلِفت، ییٚمہِ کِنؠ یوٗنِوَرسِٹی ہٕنٛدِ اقلیتی حیثیتُک بچاو تہٕ مسلم پرسنل لا تہٕ [[بابری مَسجِد]] ہِوین مسلن ہِنٛدِ بچاو کِنؠ آو سُہ معطل کرنہٕ۔ تٔمؠ کٔر اَتھ عرصس دوران امیتی مَنٛز [[راجیٛو گانٛدھی|راجیٖو گاندھی]] سنٛز اِنتخٲبی کوٗششہِ خَلاف تہِ مُہِم۔

طالبہِ علمَن ہٕنٛزِ سرگرمیَن پؠٹھ توجہ دِنہٕ وٲلؠ أکِس محقق سٕنٛدِ حثیتہٕ کٔر شیخ شوکتَن ہندوستانَس مَنٛز مُختٔلِف طٲلبہِ عٔلِم گروپَن ہُنٛد سٔروے تہٕ انسٲنی حقوٗق، اقلیتی حقوٗق، تہٕ انسٲنی قونوٗنَس مَنٛز مہارت حٲصِل۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛزِ کامہِ یَتھ مَنٛز اِنسٲنی حقوقَن مُتلِق اشاعتہٕ تہِ شٲمِل چھِ، عالمی سطحَس پؠٹھ تسلیٖم تہٕ آیہِ ریٚڈ کراسٕچ بین الاقوٲمی کمیٹی ہٕنٛدِس اشتعراقَس مَنٛز بٲگراونہٕ، یَتھ مَنٛز تنازعہٕ زدٕ کٔشیٖرِ مَنٛز جَنٛگی طٔریٖقَن ہٕنٛدِس حدَن ہُنٛد زور دِنہٕ آمُت۔

شیخ شوکت سٕنٛز تدریسی پیشورانہٕ زِندگی گٔیہِ نیہِ دِلہِ ہِنٛدِس انسٹی ٹیوٗٹ آف آبجیکٹِو سٹڈیزَس مَنٛز أکِس ریسرچ ایسوسی ایٹ سٕنٛدِ حثیتہٕ شۆروٗع، ییٚمہِ پتہٕ یِمو 1990 پؠٹھٕ 1995 تام ملاییشیاہَس مَنٛز بطور اسسٹنٹ پروفیسر کٲم کٔر۔ کٔشیٖرِ ہٕنٛز بغاوت ہٕنٛزِ نمایندگی ہٕنٛز فکر مند گژھِتھ آو سُہ کٔشیٖرِ واپس، تحریرو ذٔریعہٕ مزاحمتی بیان کٔرِتھ۔ 
تٔمؠ کٔر 2000 سس مَنٛز کشمیر یوٗنِوَرسِٹی ہٕنٛدِس شعبہٕ قانونس مَنٛز شٲمِل تہٕ روٗد کٔشیٖرِ ہٕنٛزن مزاحمتی تحریٖکَن مَنٛز سرگرم، ییٚمہِ کِس نٔتیٖجس مَنٛز تٔمِس تہٕ باقٕے نُمایا شخصیاتن خٕلاف &quot;آزٲدی: دی اونلی وے&quot; اِجتِماعَس مَنٛز تقریر کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ بغاوتُک الزام لگاونہٕ آو، یَتھ مَنٛز ریاستٕچ کاررواییَن ہٕنٛز بین الاقوٲمی مذمت آیہِ کرنہٕ۔

==کِتاببیات==

&lt;div dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;ks&quot;&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+ ڈاکٹر شیخ شوکت حُسین سٕنٛز لؠچھژٕ کِتاب
! S. نَمبَر
! ناو 
! اؠڈیشن
! نَشَرِ تٲریٖخ
! اَدبی شَکل
! زَبان
! تَفصیٖل
! ناشِر
! ISBN
|-
|1.
|&lt;bdi&gt;Islam and Human Rights&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Hussain|first=Sheikh Showkat|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ASshcgAACAAJ|title=Islam and Human Rights|date=1991|publisher=Budaya Ilmu|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|1مہ
|1991
|غٲر افسانوی
|اَنٛگریٖزی
|97 صَفہٕ
|&lt;bdi&gt;Budaya Ilmu&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
|NA
|-
|2.
|&lt;bdi&gt;Facets of Resurgent Kashmir&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Hussain|first=Sheikh Showkat|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yJA9QwAACAAJ|title=Facets of Resurgent Kashmir|date=2008|publisher=Kashmir Institute|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|1مہ
|2008
|غٲر افسانوی
|اَنٛگریٖزی
|212 صَفہٕ
|کشمیٖر اِنسٹیوٗٹ (سرینَگَر) 
|NA
|-
|3.
|&lt;bdi&gt;Kashmir Profiles&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Hussain|first=Sheikh Showkat|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g3KatgEACAAJ|title=Kashmir Profiles|date=2016|publisher=Kashmir Institute|isbn=978-93-5254-562-9|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|1مہ 
|2016
|غٲر افسانوی
|اَنٛگریٖزی
|159 صَفہٕ
|کشمیٖر اِنسٹیوٗٹ (سرینَگَر)&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;
|&lt;bdi&gt;9789352545629&lt;/bdi&gt;
|-
|4.
|&lt;bdi&gt;Kashmir Saga&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Hussain|first=Sheikh Showkat|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zRZmtgEACAAJ|title=Kashmir Saga|date=2016|publisher=Kashmir Institute|isbn=978-93-5254-559-9|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|1مہ
|2017
|غٲر افسانوی
|اَنٛگریٖزی
|143 صَفہٕ
|کشمیٖر اِنسٹیوٗٹ (سرینَگَر)&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;
|&lt;bdi&gt;9789352545599&lt;/bdi&gt;
|}
&lt;/div&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ لِکھٲرؠ]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ مُسَلمان]]
[[زٲژ:کٲشِرؠ لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1954 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
      <sha1>kcbzoq0i8i3spsx9qbiw57hsr00s142</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>نَوال السعداوی</title>
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      <comment>Add 2 books for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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نَوال السعداوی (27 اکتوبر 1931 - 21 مارٕچ 2021) ٲس اَکھ مِصری حقوٗق [[زَنہِ واد|زَنہِ وادٕچ]] لِکھٲرؠ، کارکُن تہٕ [[ڈاکٹَر]]۔ تٔمؠ لؠچھؠ اِسلامس مَنٛز زنانن ہٕنٛدِس موضوعس پؠٹھ واریاہ کتابہٕ، یَتھ مَنٛز جنسی، پدرانہٕ نظام، سمٲجی طبقہٕ تہٕ نوآبادیاتس متعلق عالمی جنوبس مَنٛز زنانن ہٕنٛدؠن خدشاتن پؠٹھ توجہ مرکوز چھِ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Amireh|first=Amal|date=2000|title=Framing Nawal El Saadawi: Arab Feminism in a Transnational World|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/495572|journal=Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society|volume=26|issue=1|pages=215–249|doi=10.1086/495572|issn=0097-9740|url-access=subscription|s2cid=143010343}}&lt;/ref&gt;

سۄ ٲس عرب وُمینز سولیڈیرٹی ایسوسی ایشنٕچ بٲنؠ تہٕ صدر تہٕ عرب ایسوسی ایشن فار ہیومن رایِٹسٕچ شریک بانی۔ تٔمِس آیہٕ ترین براعظمن مَنٛز اعزازی ڈگریہٕ سٟتؠ نوازنہٕ۔ 2004 مَنٛز زیٛوٗن تٔمؠ کونسل آف یورپ طرفہٕ نارتھ ساؤتھ پرایز۔ 2005 مَنٛز زیٛوٗن تٔمؠ بیلجیمَس مَنٛز انانا انٹرنیشنل پرٛایِز، تہٕ 2012 ہَس مَنٛز دِیُت أمِس انٹرنیشنل پیس بیورون 2012 سین میک براییڈ پیس پرٛایِز۔

==شُروٲتی زِندگی==

27 اکتوٗبر 1931 ہس مَنٛز [[کفر تہلہ]]، مصرس مَنٛز زامٕژ سعداوی ٲس نوَن شُرین مَنٛز دوٚیِم۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛز پرؤرِش ٲس شیٚہ ؤرشہِ مَنٛز زنانہٕ جِنسی اَنٛگ {{مانے|کھۄنٛڈ کرنُک|mutilate}} تجربہٕ مگر تٔمؠ سٕنٛز پرؤرِش گٔیہٕ توتہِ آزاد ماحولس مَنٛز، ییٚتہِ تٔمؠ سٕنٛد مٲلؠ، اَکھ ترقی پَسَنٛد سرکٲرؠ عہدٕدار، دۄشوٕنی جِنسن خٲطرٕ تعلیمہِ ہٕنٛز حمایت کٔر۔ لۄکچارس مَنٛز خانٛدر کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ دَباو آسنہٕ باوجوٗد کٔر سعداوی ہٕنٛز ماجہِ ہٕنٛدِ مدتہٕ سٟتؠ مُقابلہٕ۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدِ مٲلِس ماجہِ ہٕنٛدِ مرنہٕ پتہٕ ییٚلہِ سۄ وُنہِ لۄکٕٹ ٲس، سۄ بنییہِ پنٛنہِ عیالس خٲطرٕ بنیٲدی زینَن واجیٚنؠ۔ کم وٲنٛسہِ پؠٹھٕے کٔر سعداوی مردَن ہٕنٛدِس غلبہٕ وٲلِس معاشرٕچ مُخٲلِفت یُس کورِ کھۄتہٕ نیٚچوؠن اہمیت اوس دِوان، تہٕ تٔمِس اوس أکِس [[گؠشوٗم ژَم|گؠشوٗم ژمہِ]] واجنہِ مِصری زنانہٕ سٕنٛدِ حیثیتہٕ پننہِ شناختَس پؠٹھ فَخٕر کران۔

==پیشہٕ==

سعداوی ٲس اَکھ میڈیکل ڈاکٹر یمؠ 1955 مَنٛز [[قاہرہ یوٗنِوَرسِٹی]] مَنٛز گریجویشن کٔر، کٔر پننِس پوٗرٕ کیریرس مَنٛز زنانن ہٕنٛدِ صحت تہٕ ثقافتی جبرُک اِنٹرسیکشن دٔریافت ۔ سٲتھی طالب علم احمد ہیلمی یس سٟتؠ گۄڈنچہِ لٹہِ خاندر روٗد ختم گژھنہٕ برٛونٛہہ دۄن ؤرین جٲری۔ بطورِ معالج، وُچھ تٔمؠ گٲمی زنانن ہٕنٛز جدوجہد تہٕ گَریلوٗ تشددُک حل کرنٕچ کوٗشش، ییٚمہِ کِس نٔتیٖجَس مَنٛز سۄ قاہرہ واپس گٔیہِ۔ پتہٕ کٔر أمؠ وزارت عوٲمی صحتٕچ ڈایریکٹر سٕنٛدِ حثیتہٕ کٲم، ییٚتہِ سۄ پنِنِس ترٛیٚیِمِس خاندار، شریف ہٹاٹاہَس سٟتؠ مُلاقات کٔرِتھ، یُس اَکھ سیٲسی قٲدی اوس۔ سعداوی ین کٔر 1966 مَنٛز [[کولمبیا یونِورسِٹی|کولمبیا یوٗنِوَرسِٹی]] مَنٛز پبلک ہیلتھس مَنٛز ماسٹرز ڈِگری حٲصل تہٕ 1972 مَنٛز کٔرن &quot;وُمن اینڈ سیکس&quot; شایع، یُس دیمہٕ لہر ہِنٛز حقوٗق [[زَنہِ وادس|زَنہِ وادس]] مَنٛز اہم بنیٛو۔ تاہم، امہِ سٟتؠ آیہِ سۄ وزارت تہٕ باقٕے کردارو نِش کڑنہٕ۔ تٔمؠ تھٲو عین شمس یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز زنانن پؠٹھ تٔحقیٖق کٔرِتھ تہٕ افریقہ تہٕ مشرق وسطیٰ مَنٛز زنانن ہٕنٛدؠن پروگرامَن خٲطرٕ اقوام متحدٕچ مشیر سٕنٛدِ حثیتہٕ کٲم کٔرِتھ پنٕنؠ کٲم جٲری۔

===عدالت مَنٛز أمِس خِلاف کیس===

2002 ہس مَنٛز کٔر نبیح الوحشَن شریعت کِس حسبا اصوٗلَس تحت مصری عدالتَس مَنٛز نَوال السعداوی طلاق دِنٕچ کوٗشِش، یہِ دعوا کران زِ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدِ أنٛدٕرؠ نظریات کِس بیانَس سٟتؠ چھُ ظٲہِر گژھان زِ تٔمؠ چھُ اِسلام ترٛوومُت۔ یہِ قونوٗنی کاروٲیی روٗز ناکام۔ یِتھَے پٲٹھؠ گٔیہٕ 2008 مَنٛز أمؠ سٕنٛدِ بُنیاد پرست نظریاتو کِنؠ پنٕنؠ مِصری قومیت واپس نِنٕچ بیٛاکھ اَکھ کوٗشش ناکام۔ 

===حرارتس مَنٛز===

مِصری حکومتہٕ طرفہٕ متنازعہ ماننہٕ یِنہٕ وول السعداوی آے 1981 مَنٛز صدر انور سادات سٕنٛدِس جمہوٗرِیت دعوَن پؠٹھ تنقیٖد کرنہٕ پتہٕ قٲد کرنہٕ۔ جیلَس مَنٛز آسنہٕ وِزِ تھٲو تٔمؠ عرب وُمینز سولیڈیریٹی ایسوسی ایشنٕچ بُنیاد، یُس مصرُک گۄڈنُیٛک آزاد حقوٗق [[زَنہِ واد|زَنہِ وادُک]] گروپ چھُ۔ پابندیو باوجوٗد تہِ تھٲو سۄ عارضی موادُک اِستِمال کٔرِتھ لؠکھان۔ سادات سٕنٛدِ قَتٕل پتہٕ آیہِ سۄ یَلہٕ ترٛاونہٕ۔ جیلس مَنٛز تٔمؠ سٕنٛدیو تجرُباتو کوٚر تٔمؠ سٕنٛز 1983 ہٕچ یادداشت متٲثر، &quot;میموریز فرام دی وُمینز پرِٛزن&quot; تہٕ دِژن پننہٕ ناولہٕ &quot;وُمن ایٹ پۄیِنٛٹ زیٖرو&quot; اِطلاع۔ پننہِ پوٗرٕ زندگی مَنٛز، تٔمؠ دِژ ظالمانہٕ سیاق و سباقس مَنٛز پَزَر بولنہٕ کس خطراتن پؠٹھ زور۔

==ادبی زِندگی==

أمؠ کٔر سُلی لیٚکھُن شۆروٗع تہٕ تٔمؠ سٕنٛزٕ گۄڈنِچ تحریر آسہٕ افسانہٕ یِمَن ہُنٛد عنوان اوس &quot;مے ہیٚچھمُت محبت&quot; (1957) تہٕ تٔمؠ سٕنٛز گۄڈنِچ ناولہٕ &quot;اےٚ ڈاکٹرس ڈایری&quot; (1958)۔ تؠم سٕنٛز سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ مشہوٗر کامین مَنٛز چھِ اَکھ &quot;ماے میموریز اِن اے وُمینز پرِٛزن&quot; (1982)۔

تٔمؠ چھِ 40 کتابہٕ شایع کٔرمٕژ یِم دُبارٕ شایع گٔیہِ تہٕ تٔمؠ سٕنٛزِ تحریرَن ہُنٛد ترجمہٕ چھُ 20 کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ زبانن مَنٛز کرنہٕ آمُت۔ نَوال السعدوی سندین تحریرن ہند مرکزی موضوٗع چھہِ اکہِ طرفہ زنانن تہٕ انسانن ہٕنٛزِ آزٲدی تہٕ دوٚیمہِ طرفہ انسانن ہٕنٛزِ آزٲدی دَرمیان تعلقس أنٛدؠ پکھؠ نژان۔ دیمہٕ طرفہٕ، ثقافتی، سمٲجی تہٕ سیاسی پہلووَن مَنٛز وطن۔ 1972 مَنٛز، تم کر پنٕن گوڑنچ غٲر افسانوی کٲم، وُمن اینٛڈ سیکس، یمچ مخالفت سیٲسی تہٕ مذہبی حکامو کٔر۔ یہِ کتاب ٲس وزارت صحت تہٕ تٔمؠ سٕنٛزن کامین مَنٛز تہٕ تٔمؠ سٕنٛزن کامین مَنٛز تہٕ کڑنہٕ ہُنٛد اَکھ وجہ۔

==نظریات==

===جِنسی اَنٛگن ہُنٛد کھۄنٛڈ کرنَس خِلاف===

نوال السعداوی کوٚر پننہِ جوٲنی مَنٛز زنانن ہٕنٛز جِنسی کھۄنٛڈ ہُنٛد تجربہٕ تہٕ پتہٕ بنییہٕ امہٕ عملُک اَکھ زبردست تنقیٖد۔ 2007 تس مَنٛز ختنہ کرنہٕ کِس طریقہٕ کارس دوران 12 وُہُر بیدور شیکر سٕندِ افسوسناک موتہٕ پتہٕ کٔر سعدوی ین مذہبی تہٕ طبی حُکامن چیلنج کٔرِتھ یِتھؠن رؠوٲیژن ہٕندِس اِخلٲقی مضمرات پؠٹھ پُرجوش سوال۔ تٔمؠ کٔر تمام شُرؠن جنسی کھۄنٛڈ گژھنہٕ نِش بچاونہٕ خٲطرٕ دٔلیٖل، زنانہٕ تہٕ مرد دۄشوٕنی ختنہٕ ہٕنٛز مذمت کٔر۔

===سمٲجی واد تہٕ زَنہِ واد===

سعداوی ین کوٚر یہٕ تصور واضح زِ زنانن ہنٛد جبر چھُ سرمایہٕ دارانہٕ نظامن تہٕ مذہبی بنیاد پرستی ہنٛد اِنٹرسیکشن سٟتؠ پٲدٕ گژھان۔  2018 کس أکس انٹرویوس مَنٛز ووٚن تٔمؠ زِ سۄ چھِ نہٕ مارکسِسٹ، تٔمؠ ٲس تٔمؠ سٕنٛز کٲم پٔرؠ‌مژٕ یمن مَنٛز تٔمؠ مسلہٕ لٔبؠ‌۔

===مذہب===

مذہبس متعلق سعدوی سُنٛد اندازٕ تہٕ خاص طور اسلامس متعلق چھُ یکساں طور پٲٹھؠ‌۔ 2014 کس أکس انٹرویوس مَنٛز، تٔمؠ دیُت زنانن پؠٹھ ظلمُک وجہ سرمایہٕ دارانہٕ نظریات تہٕ مذہبی بُنیاد پرستی ہنٛد میُٛل قرار۔ تٔمؠ کٔر مذہبی رسومات دوران اِدارٕ جٲتی طریقن پؠٹھ تنقیٖد، [[2015 مینا رَشَس تَل|2015 حج حٲدثہٕ]] کۆر تٔمؠ اَتھ پؠٹھ تہٕ تنقیٖد یِتھ کٔنؠ زَن حج زیارت، تہٕ یمن ہٕنٛدین موٗلن تہٕ مذہبی تنقیٖدس أنٛدؠ پٔکؠ خاموشی پؠٹھ سوال۔
أمؠ سُنٛد دعوا چھُ یہٕ زِ کینٛہہ رؠوایات، یَتھ مَنٛز حجک عناصر مِثال حجر اسودس بوسہٕ کرُن ہیکہِ اِسلام برٛونٛہہ کافریت سٟتؠ پٲدٕ ٲسِتھ، یم اِسلٲمی طریقن اندر تنقیدی خۄد عکاسی کرنچ ضرورتس کُن اشارٕ کران چھِ۔

===زَنانہِ چیٖزٕکؠ پٲٹھؠ وُچھُن===

تٔمؠ کٔر زنانن ہٕنٛدس اعتراضس أندؠ پٔکؠ اَکھ کتھ باتھ تہٕ، خاص طور مغربی سیاق و سباقس مَنٛز، حقوق زَنہِ وادُک نۄقطہٕ نظرس چیلنج کران یُس میک اپ تہٕ ظٲہر کرن وٲلؠ پَلَو ہِو رؠوایتی خوبصوٗرتی ہٕنٛدؠ اصوٗل قبوٗل کران چھِ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=El Saadawi|first1=Nawal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r9SPVEG3cv0C|title=The Nawal El Saadawi Reader|date=1997|publisher=Zed Books|isbn=9781856495141|access-date=8 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; امہٕ تنقیدٕ چھِ اکثر حقوق زَنہِ واد حلقن مَنٛز تنازعہٕ کھڑا کران۔

===اَمریٖکہ===
امریکی خارجہ پالیسی پؠٹھ پننِس تنقیدَس مَنٛز، خاص طور افغانستانَس مَنٛز جنگَس مُتعلِق، سعداوی یَن دِیُت یہِ حقیقی انسٲنی مفادَو بجایہِ تیلٕک وسٲیلَن پؠٹھ توجہ مرکوز کرنُک اَکھ استحصالی مَنصوٗبہٕ قرار۔ سُہ چھُ مزید دعوا کران زِ مصرس امریکی اِمداد چھِ غُربت برقرار تھاوان، یُس عالمی سیٲسی حرکت تہٕ زنانن ہٕنٛدین مسٲیلن ہنٛد باہمی تعلقس پؠٹھ تٔمؠ سُنٛد یقیٖن ظٲہر کران چھُ۔

==فِلِم==

سعداوی چھَ فِلمہِ شی سپوک دی انسپیکیبلُک موضوٗع، یۄسہٕ جِل نِکولسن ہدایت کٲری کٔرمٕژ چھِ، یۄس فَرؤری 2017 ہَس مَنٛز بی بی سی ون ٹیلی وِجَن سیریٖز امیجن مَنٛز نشٕر گٔیہِ۔

==موتھ==

سعداوی گُزرے 21 مارٕچ 2021 89 ؤرِش وٲنٛسہِ [[قاہرہ]] کِس أکِس ہسپتالَس مَنٛز۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛز زِندگی آیہٕ بی بی سی ریڈیو 4 کس اوبیچوری پروگرام لاسٹ ورڈس مَنٛز یاد کرنہٕ۔

==کامہِ==

* 1960 – مذكرات طبیبة۔
* 1971 – الأنثى هی الأصل
* 1972 – كانت هی الأضعف (روایة).
* 1973 – الرجل والجنس
* 1974 – المرأة والجنس
* 1975 – امرأة عند نقطة الصفر (روایة).
* 1975 – المرأة والصراع النفسى
* 1977 – الوجه العاری للمرأة العربیة
* 1970 – الغایب (روایة).
* 1978 – الأغنیة الدایریة (روایة).
* 1982 – مذكراتی فی سجن النساء۔
الزرقاء (مسرحیة).
* 1983 – امرأتان فی امرأة (روایة)
* 1984 – الإنسان اثنی عشر امرأة فی زنزانة۔
* 1986 – رحلاتی فی العالم۔
* 1987 – سقوط الإمام (روایة).
* 1988 – الخیط وعین الحیاة
* 1989 – موت الرجل الوحید على الأرض (روایة).
* 1989 – لحظة صدق (قصة قصیرة).
* 1992 – معركة جدیدة فی قضیة المرأة۔
* 1992 – الحب فی زمن النفط (روایة).
* 1990 – دراسات عن المرأة والرجل فی المجتمع العربی
الحاكم بأمر الله (مسرحیة من فصلین).
* 1999 – توأم السلطة والجنس۔
* 2000 – جنات وإبلیس (روایة).
* 2000 – المرأة والدین والأخلاق۔ اشتركت فی تألیفه د۔هبة رؤوف عزت (مناظرة حول قضایا المرأة)
* 2000 – أوراق حیاتی۔
* 2000 – تعلمت الحب (روایة).
* 2004 – كسر الحدود۔
* 2005 – الروایة (روایة)
* 2006 – الصورة الممزقة (روایة).
* 2006 – الإله یقدم استقالته فی اجتماع القمة
* 2006 – قضایا المرأة المصریة السیاسیة والجنسیة۔
* 2009 –زینة (روایة).

==کینٛہہ ژٲرِتھ یَنام تہٕ اعزاز==

* 2004: یوٗرپ کونسل کہِ طرفہٕ شمالی-جۆنوٗبی انعام 
* 2005: انانا انٹرنیشنل پرایِز، بیلجیم 
* 2007: اعزازی ڈاکٹریٹ، وریجی یوٗنِوَرسِٹی برسل ، بیلجیم 
* 2007: اعزازی ڈاکٹریٹ، یونیورسیٹ لیبر ڈی بروکسلز ، بیلجیم 
* 2010: اعزازی ڈاکٹریٹ، نیشنل خۄد مۄختار یوٗنِوَرسِٹی آف میکسیکو ، میکسیکو 
* 2011: سٹِگ ڈیگرمین پرایِز 
* 2012: شان میک براییِڈ پیس پرایِز 
* 2015: بی بی سی یِچ 100 زَنانہٕ
* 2020: ''ٹایِم'' 100 ویمن آف دی یِیر (1981)

==حَوالہٕ==

{{حَوالہٕ}}

== مٔذیٖد پٔرِو ==
*{{cite book |title=Writing the prison in African literature |first=Rachel |last=Knighton |author-link= |location=Oxford; New York |publisher=Peter Lang Ltd |year=2019 |isbn=9781788746489 |oclc=1105200004 }}
*{{cite book |title=Men, women, and God(s) : Nawal El Saadawi and Arab feminist poetics |url=https://archive.org/details/menwomengodsnawa00malt |first=Fedwa |last=Malti-Douglas |author-link=Fedwa Malti-Douglas |location=Berkeley |publisher=University of California Press |year=1995 |isbn=9780585222332 |oclc=44959359 }}
*{{cite book |title=Juju fission : women's alternative fictions from the Sahara, the Kalahari, and the oases in-between |url=https://archive.org/details/jujufissionwomen0000ogun |first=Chikwenye Okonjo |last=Ogunyemi |author-link=Chikwenye Okonjo Ogunyemi |location=New York |publisher=Peter Lang |year=2007 |isbn=9781433100895 |oclc=132585078 }}
*{{cite book |title=Voicing the voiceless : feminism and contemporary Arab Muslim women's autobiographies |first=Taghreed Mahmoud Abu |last=Sarhan |author-link= |location=Bowling Green, Ohio |publisher=Bowling Green State University |year=2011 |isbn= |oclc=773292851 }} Thesis/dissertation.

[[زٲژ:مِصری لِکھٲرؠ]]
[[زٲژ:مِصری زَنہِ وٲدؠ]]
[[زٲژ:1931 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:2021 وَفات]]</text>
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    <title>عبدالرحمان الجبرتی</title>
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| disciples          = [[حسن العطار]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=De Bellaigue |first=Christopher |title=The Islamic Enlightenment: The Struggle Between Faith and Reason 1798 to Modern Times |url=https://archive.org/details/islamicenlighten0000debe_q6b4 |publisher=Liveright Publishing Corporation |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-87140-373-5 |location=New York |pages=[https://archive.org/details/islamicenlighten0000debe_q6b4/page/16 16]–17 |chapter=1: Cairo}}&lt;/ref&gt;|title=بُرہان الدیٖن|birth_date=1753|death_date=1825}}

عبدالرحمان ابن حسن الجبرتی (1753–1825) اوس اَکھ [[مِصری لوٗکھ|مِصری]] اِسلٲمی سٕکالر تہٕ تَوٲریٖخ دان یمو پنٕنؠ زندگی ہنٛد زیٛادٕ تر حصہٕ [[قاہرہ]] ہس مَنٛز گُزٲر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;lflui&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author=Blunt|first=Wilfrid Scawen|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.23888|title=My Diaries; Being a Personal Narrative of Events|date=1923|page=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.23888/page/n97 81]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==زانہِ زِندگی==

الجبرتی اوس زامُت شاید مصر کِس شمٲلی ڈیلٹا صوبہٕ بہیرہ کِس تل الجبرتی گامس مَنٛز۔ عبدالقادر صالح سُنٛد ونُن چھُ زِ الجبرتی اوس امہِ بدلہٕ قاہرہس مَنٛز زامُت۔ الجبرتی اوس علماء کِس أکِس ممتاز خاندانس مَنٛز زامُت یٔمِک تعلق مصری علمی تہٕ سیٲسی اشرافیہس سٟتؠ اوس۔ الجبرتی سُنٛد مول حسن ابن ابراہیم اوس قاہرہس مَنٛز اَکھ عالم تہٕ اِنتہٲیی قابل احترام شخص۔ خیال چھُ یوان کرنہٕ زِ حسن الجبرتی اوس 18مہ صدی کس وسطس دوران زیلا پؠٹھ قاہرہ تام سفر کوٚرمت، تہٕ اوس صومالی نسلی پس منظرُک تعلق تھاوان۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدِ تحریرَو مُطٲبِق چھُ تٔمؠ سُنٛد ناو أمؠ سٕنٛدِس &quot;سٔتِم ڈگری ہٕنٛدِس بٕڑِبب&quot; عبدالرحمانس نِش آمُت، یُس أمؠ سٕنٛدِس خاندانُک گۄڈنیُک رُکُن اوس۔ بُزرگ عبدالرحمان اوس جبارہ (ہارن آف افریقہَس مَنٛز) پؠٹھ۔

[[File:Sulayman al-Halaby Trial and killing of Sari Askar Klieber.jpg|thumb|الجبرتی سٕنٛز کتاب &quot;سُلیمان الحلبی مُقدمہٕ تہٕ سارِوٕے عسکر کلیبر سٕنٛز قتٕل&quot;]]

عبد الرحمان کوٚر مِصر واپس گژھنہٕ برونٛہہ مکہٕ تہٕ مدینہ منورس مَنٛز جبارتی برادرین ہٕنٛدین رؠواقن ہُنٛد دورٕ، ییتہ سُہ تتہِ ریواقُک شیخ بنیٛوو۔ الجبرتی سُنٛد مول اوس اَکھ حنفی مذہبی عالم تہٕ تیٚم اوس الازہر یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز طالب عٲلمن خٲطرٕ الجبرتی ریزیڈنس ہالک ڈایریکٹر کس طورس پؠٹھ خدمات انجام دژمٕژ، یُس لَقٕب الجبرتی یس 1774 مَنٛز پننِس مٲلؠ سُنٛد مرنہٕ پتہٕ وراثتس مَنٛز میلیٛو۔ اَمہِ کِس نٔتیٖجس مَنٛز آیہِ الجبرتی قاہرہ کِس الازہر یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز شیخ سٕنٛز تربیت حٲصِل کرنہٕ۔ پننہٕ خاندٲنی تعلقاتن ذریعہٕ، الجبارتی کٔر ممتاز سکالرن المرادی تہٕ المرتضیٰ تام رسٲیی حٲصل، یمو دشویو کوٚر مصری تٲریخس متعلق لیٚکھنُک فٲصلہٕ متٲثر۔

تٔمؠ کوٚر مقٲمی واقعاتن ہُنٛد ماہانہٕ تٲریخ تھاوُن شۆروٗع، یمہٕ سٟتؠ تٔمؠ پنٕنؠ ترٛےٚ مشہوٗر کامہِ مرتب کٔر۔ یمن دستاویٖزن مَنٛز چھ ٲخری تہٕ سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٖٹھ، عربی یس مَنٛز 'عجیب الاثر فعت-طرجم و الاخبار، یَتھ عام طور اَنٛگریٖزی یس مَنٛز صرف الجبرتی سٟنٛز مصرچ تاریخ، تہٕ بعض اوقات زانہِ زِندگی تہٕ واقعاتن ہٕنٛز شاندار کمپوزیشنز ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ چھِ یِوان، نپولین سُنٛد حملہٕ تہٕ محمد علی سُنٛد اقتدارس مَنٛز عروجُک چشم دیٖد گواہیو کہ وجہ سٟتؠ بنیٛو اَکھ عالمی مشہوٗر تٲریخی متن۔ فرانسیسی مُہم تہٕ قبضس سٟتؠ وابستہٕ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدس تٲریخک اندراجات چھ اقتباس کرنہٕ آمٕتؠ تہٕ انگریزی یس مَنٛز مصرس مَنٛز نپولین ناوٕ أکس الگ جلدٕ کس طورس پؠٹھ مرتب کرنہٕ آمٕتؠ‌۔ سُہ اوس تِمَو گۄڈنِکؠو مُسلمانو مَنٛز اَکھ یِمو فرانسیسی قبضس سٟتؠ جدیدیت ہٕنٛز لہرِ ہٕنٛز اہمیتُک احساس کوٚر، تہٕ مغربی تہٕ اِسلٲمی علمس درمیان موجود خلیج &quot;کوٚر تٔمِس سؠٹھاہ صدمہٕ۔&quot;

جبرتی ین تھٲو فرٛانسیسی قابضین ہٕنٛز ترقی یافتہٕ فوجی، تکنیکی علوم تہٕ ثقافتی اقدارٕچ گوٲہی پؠٹھ پننِس ردعملس مَنٛز سخٕت تہٕ پاکیزگی ہُنٛد لہجہ قٲیِم۔ تم کٔر فرانسیسی انقلابک ریپبلکن نظریاتن یَتھ کٔنؠ زَن لایکزم، آزٲدی تہٕ {{مانے|سَتارُن|Equation}}۔ یورپی عقلیت پَسَنٛدی پؠٹھ وحی (اِسلأمی وحی) ہنٛز بالادستی پؠٹھ اصرار کرُن۔ اگرچہ تٔمؠ اوس بعض شعبن مَنٛز یورپین ہٕنٛزِ پیشرفتُک اعتراف کورمُت، الجبرتی اوس مغربس پؠٹھ اسلامٕچ حتمی فتحس پؠٹھ پختہ یقین تھاوان تہٕ پننیو کامہٕ ذریعہٕ کٔرن اِسلٲمی طاقتچ بحٲلی ہٕنٛز وکالت۔ پننین تحریرن مَنٛز فرانسیسی قابضین خَلاف سخت بغاوت ہنٛد اظہار کٔرِتھ، الجبرتی ین کٔر مَشہوٗر پٲٹھؠ خۄدایس خٲطرٕ دُعا:

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;تِہٕنٛزِ زَبانہِ پؠٹھ ترٛٲیِو کَجَر۔۔۔ تِہٕنٛز عَقٕل کَر پَریشان، تہٕ تِہُنٛد شاہ کَر بَنٛد&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=De Bellaigue |first=Christopher |title=The Islamic Enlightenment. The Struggle between Faith and Reason: 1798 to Modern Time |url=https://archive.org/details/islamicenlighten0000debe_q6b4 |publisher=Liveright Publishing Corporation |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-87140-373-5 |location=New York |pages=xxi |chapter=Introduction}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==

{{حَوالہٕ}}
[[زٲژ:مِصری لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:مُسلمان]]
[[زٲژ:1753 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:1825 وَفات]]</text>
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'''عِنایت خان رحمت خان''' (5 جُلَے 1882 - 5 فَرؤری 1927) اوس موسیٖقی ہُنٛد اَکھ ہِنٛدُستٲنؠ پروفیسر، گُلوکار، سرسوتی وِنا ہُنٛد حٲمی، شٲعِر، فلسفی، لِکھٲرؠ‌، تہٕ مغرِبس مَنٛز [[صوٗفیت|تصوف]] واتناونُک علمبردار۔ پننؠن طٲلبہِ علمن ہٕندِس اصرارس پؠٹھ تہٕ حیدرآبادٕکؠ سید ابو ہاشم مدنی (وفات: 1907) سٕندِ دٔسؠ ژۄن گنہٕ تربیت تہٕ اجازت کِس بنیادس پؠٹھ کٔر تمو 1914 ہس مَنٛز لندنس مَنٛز تصوفی ازمُک سلسلہ (صوٗفی سلسلہٕ) قٲیِم۔ 1927 مَنٛز تٔمؠ سٕنٛدس مرنہٕ تام ٲس پورٕ یوٗرپس تہٕ شمٲلی امریکہس مَنٛز مرکز قٲیِم کرنہٕ آمٕتؠ‌، تہٕ تٔمؠ سٕنٛزٕ تعلیماتٕکؠ واریاہ جلدٕ ٲسؠ شایَع گٔمٕتؠ‌۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Graham|first1=Donald A.|title=A Pearl in Wine|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780930872694|date=2001|publisher=Omega|isbn=093087269X|editor1=Pirzade Zia Inayat Khan|location=New Lebanon, NY; USA|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780930872694/page/n154 127]–160|chapter=The Career of Pir-o-Murshid Inayat Khan in the West}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== شُروٲتی زِندگی ==

عنایت خان زاو [[وَڈودارا|بروڈاہَس]] مَنٛز أکِس {{مانے|رٔزیٖر|noble}} مُغل خاندانس مَنٛز۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدؠ مٲلؠ آباو اجداد، یِمَن مَنٛز یزخان (مرکزی ایشیایی سردار) تہٕ بخشی (شمن) شٲمِل ٲسؠ‌، ٲسؠ چغتایی خانیتٕک تُرکمان یِم [[تیمور]] کِس دورس مَنٛز [[سِیالکوٹ ضِلہٕ|سیالکوٹ]]، پنجابس مَنٛز آباد گٔیہِ۔ عنایت خان سُنٛد بٕڑِبَب، سَنٛگیٖت رتن مولانا بخش شولے خان اوس اَکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ کلاسیکی موسیقار تہٕ ماہر تٲلیٖم یُس &quot;دی بیتھووَن آف اِنٛڈیا&quot; ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ اوس یِوان۔ أمہِ سٕنٛز نانہِ قاسم بی بی ٲس میسوٗر کِس [[ٹیٖپوٗ سُلطان]] سٕنٛدِس شٲہی گرٕچہِ ۔

== صوٗفیت ==

عنایت خان سٕنٛدؠن صوٗفی ذرایعن مَنٛز چھِ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدِ مٲلؠ سٕنٛدِ آباو اجدادن ہٕنٛز رؠوایت (یَتھ مہاشایخان وننہٕ یوان چھِ) تہٕ سید ابو ہاشم مدنی نِش حٲصِل کرنہٕ آمٕژ تربِیت دۄشوے شٲمِل۔ تٔمِس مِلیو ژور ٹرانسمیشن وراثتس مَنٛز، یِم [[چشتی]]، [[سہروردی]]، [[قادری]] تہٕ [[نقشبندی]] تصوف کِس سلسلس مَنٛز جانشینی بنییہٕ۔ یِمَو مَنٛز اوس چشتی نسب، یُس شاہ کلیم اللہ جہاں آبٲدی سٕنٛزِ دِلہِ مَنٛز قٲیِم میراثہٕ کہِ ذٔریعہٕ میلان چھُ، اوس بُنیٲدی ۔

== ذٲتی زِندگی ==

نیو یارکس مَنٛز سمکھیو تٔمس سۄ زنانہٕ یوٚس أمہِ سٕنٛز خانٛداریٚنؠ بنے، [[امینہ بیگم]] «مالِنؠ ناو» اورا رے بیکر۔ تمن ٲسؠ ژور شُرؠ: ولات انایت خان ہدایت انایت خان تہٕ انایت خان تہٕ خیر ان نسا انایت خان۔

== سفر ==

عنایت خانن کوٚر 1910 تہٕ 1912 ہَس درمیان پننِس بٲیِس محبوٗب خان تہٕ پِتٕرِس بٲے محمد علی خانس سٟتؠ امریکہُک دورٕ۔ مزیٖد سفرن نیٛوٗ سُہ [[اِنگلِستان|اِنٛگلینڈ]]، [[فرٛانٛس|فرانس]] تہٕ [[روٗس]]۔ گۄڈنِچہِ عالمی جَنٛگس دوران کٔر لندنس مَنٛز روزان تٔمؠ پننہِ رہنُمٲیی مَنٛز تصوف کِس سلسلٕچ بنیادٕچ نگرانی۔ جنگہٕ پتہٕ کوٚر تٔمؠ بٔڑِس پیمانس پؠٹھ سفر، تہٕ یوٗرپس تہٕ امریکہس مَنٛز گٔیہٕ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدس پتہٕ واریاہ صوٗفی مرکز پٲدٕ۔ ٲخٕر کار بَسیو سُہ سورسنیس، فرانسس مَنٛز، مکانس تہٕ خانقاہَس مَنٛز یَتھ فضل منزِل ونان چھِ۔

== وَفات ==

1926 مَنٛز آو عِنایت خان ہندوستان واپس۔ 5 فَرؤری 1927 گُزریو سُہ [[نمونیا]] سٟتؠ 5 فَرؤری 1927 [[دِل|دِلہِ]] مَنٛز ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Hazrat Inayat Khan, 1882 - 1927 |url=https://www.ruhaniat.org/index.php/lineage/hazrat-inayat-khan |website=Sufi Ruhaniat International |access-date=26 February 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=van Beek |first1=Wil |title=Hazrat Inayat Khan: Master of life, Modern Sufi Mystic |date=1983 |publisher=Vantage Press |location=New York |isbn=978-0533054534 |edition=1st}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |title=Biography of Pir-o-Murshid Inayat Khan |url=https://archive.org/details/biographyofpirom0000inay |date=1979 |publisher=East-West Publications |location=London; The Hague |isbn=0856920134 |author1=Inayat Khan |editor1=Elise Guillaume-Schamhart |editor2=Munira van Voorst van Beest |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Keesing |first1=Elisabeth Emmy de Jong |title=Inayat Khan: A Biography |url=https://archive.org/details/inayatkhanbiogra0000kees |trans-title=''Translated from the original Dutch:'' {{lang|nl|Golven, waarom komt de wind}} |translator1=Hayat Bouman |translator2=Penelope Goldschmidt |date=1974 |location=The Hague |publisher=East-West Publications; Luzac |isbn=0718902432}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author1=Sirkar van Stolk |author2=Daphne Dunlop |title=Memories of a Sufi Sage: Hazrat Inayat Khan |date=1967 |location=London; The Hague |publisher=East-West Publications |isbn=0856920134}}&lt;/ref&gt;  سُہ چھُ دِلہِ نظام الدین، دِلہِ کِس عِنایت خان درگاہَس مَنٛز دَفن کرنہٕ آمُت۔ درگاہ چھُ عوامہٕ باپتھ یَلہٕ تہٕ چھُ قوالی سیشنَن ہٕنٛز میزبٲنی کران۔

==کِتاببیات==

=== موٗسیٖقی ہِنٛز کٲم ===

*بَلاسَن گیتمالا
*سَیاجی گَرباوَلی
*عِنایت گیت رَتناوَلی
*عِنایت ہارمُونِیم شِکشَک
*عِنایت فِدَل شِکشَک
*مِنقَر-اِی مُوسِیقَر

===صوٗفی کٲم===
*1914 – ''اےٚ صوٗفی میسِج آف سِپِرِچُوٲل لِبَرٹی''
*1915 – ''دی کَنفیشَنز آف عِنایت خان''
*1918 – ''اےٚ صوٗفی پریر آف اِنوَکیشن''
*''ہِندُستانی لِرِکس''
*''سانگز آف اِنڈِیا''
*''دی دِیوان آف عِنایت خان''
*''اَکِیبَت''
*1919 – ''لول، اِنسان تہٕ الٰہیت''
*''روٗحٕکؠ واقعہٕ''
*''سمندرس مَنٛز بےٚ ؤچھوٕنؠ مۄکھتہٕ''
*1921 – ''اِن اَن ایٖسٹَرن روزگارڈَن''
*1922 – ''دی وے آف اِلُومِنیشن''
*''دی میسِج''
*1923 – ''دی اِنَر لایف''
*''دی مِسٹِسِزم آف ساوُنٛڈ''
*''نوٗٹس فرام دی اَنٛسٹرَک میوزِک فرام دی گَیان مینوسکِرِپٹ''
*''دی الکِیمی آف ہیپِنَس''
*1924 – ''روٗح کتہِ کتہِ''
*1926 – ''دی ڈِواین سِمفَنی، یَتھ وَدَن تہٕ ونان''

===مَرنہٕ پتہٕ صوٗفی کٲم===
*1927 – ''نِرتن، یَتھ دی ڈانس آف دی سول ونان''
*''دی پَرپَز آف لایف''
*1928 – ''دی یونِٹی آف رِلِیجَس آیڈِیلز''
*1931 – ''ہیلتھ''
*''کَریکٹر بِلڈِنگ؛ دی آرٹ آف پَرسَنالِٹی''
*1934 – ''ایجوکیشن''
*1935 – ''دی مایِنٛڈ وَرلٛڈ''
*''راتھ، آزٕ تہٕ پَگاہ''
*1936 ''دی باؤل آف ساکی''
*''دی سَولُوشن آف دی پَرابلَم آف دی ڈے''
*1937 – ''کازمِک لَینگوِج''
*''مارَل کَلچَر''
*1938 – ''رَسا شاستر: دی ساینس آف لایفز کِرِیٹیو فورسِز''
*1939 – ''ترٛےٚ پلیز''
*''میٹا فِزیکس: دی ایکسپِرِیَنس آف دی سول اِن ڈِفَرَنٛٹ پلینز آف اِگزِسٹَنس''
*1980 – ''قۄدرت دیٛان''

===جَمع کٔرِتھ کٲم===

*1960 – 1967 ''دی صوٗفی میسِج آف حَضرَت عِنایت خان'', 12 جِلٛد
*1988 – ''کَمپلیٖٹ وَرکس آف پِیر-اینٛڈ-مُرشیٖد حَضرَت عِنایت خان'': اَصٕل ٹیکسٹ, 12 جِلٛد (تام واتان)
*2016 – ''دی صوٗفی میسِج آف حَضرَت عِنایت خان'': آزٕتام اؠڈیشن, 4 جِلٛد (تام واتان)

== حَوالہٕ ==

{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:صوٗفی شٲیِر]]
[[زٲژ:1882 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:1927 وَفات]]
[[زٲژ:ہِندوستٲنؠ لوٗکہٕ گُلوکار]]</text>
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    <title>محمد عبد الباری</title>
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'''محمد عبد الباری''' (بنگالی: মুহাম্মাদ আব্দুল বারি) (پٲدٲیِش اکتوٗبر 1953) چھُ اَکھ [[بَنٛگلہ دیٖش|بنگلہ دیش]] مَنٛز پٲدٕ گژھن وول برطٲنوی طبیعیات دان مُصنِف، وۄستاد تہٕ کمیونٹی لیڈر . سُہ چھُ مسلم ایڈک سٲبِقہٕ سکریٹری، مشرقی لندن مسجد سٲبِقہٕ چییَرمین، تہٕ مسلم کونسل آف برطانیہک سٲبِقہٕ سکریٹریٹ جنرل۔ تٔمؠ کٔر اِبتِدٲیی ورین مَنٛز اسلامی فورم آف یورپک (آیی ایف ایی) صدر سنٛدؠ پٲٹھؠ تہٕ کٲم ییٚلہ یہِ یورپس مَنٛز بنگلہ دیشٕکؠ تارکین وطن پیشہ ور افراد منظم کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ بناونہٕ آو۔ مشاورتی کامہ علاوٕ چھِ تٔمؠ دی ''ہفنگٹن پوسٹ'' تہٕ الجزیرہ ہشن اشاعتن خٲطرٕ لیکھمت، تہٕ چھُ واریاہ کتابہٕ ہُنٛد مُصنِف۔

سُہ چھُ مغربی یورپٕک سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ طاقتور ایشیایی مسلمانن مَنٛز اَکھ قرار دِنہٕ آمُت۔ 2006 مَنٛز، تھوو ٹایم آؤٹن لندنس مَنٛز پننن موورز تہٕ شیکرن ہنٛدس فہرستس مَنٛز #7 نَمبرس پؠٹھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/5046970.stm|title=Profile: Dr. Muhammad Abdul Bari|date=5 June 2006|journal=BBC News|accessdate=6 December 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/the-good-list-2006-414252.html|title=The Good List 2006|date=22 September 2011|location=London|journal=The Independent}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ چھُ 500 سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ اثر دار مسلمانن مَنٛز کمیونٹی لیڈر سنٛدؠ پٲٹھؠ تہٕ درج کرنہٕ آمت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;TheMuslim500&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=http://themuslim500.com/downloads/m500-2013-131112-low.pdf|title=The Muslim 500: The World's 500 Most Influential Muslims, 2013/14|publisher=[[Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre]]|isbn=978-9957-428-37-2|editor-last=Schleifer|editor-first=S. Abdallah|location=[[Amman]]|page=145|access-date=13 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Dr Muhammad Abdul Bari|url=http://themuslim500.com/profile/dr-muhammad-abdul-bari|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151005053258/http://themuslim500.com/profile/dr-muhammad-abdul-bari|archive-date=5 October 2015|access-date=1 November 2015|website=The Muslim 500}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== اِبتِدٲیی زِنٛدگی تہٕ تٲلیٖم  ==

چٹاگانگ یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز پروٚش کرنہٕ پتہٕ کٔر عبدل باری 1978 تھس مَنٛز بنگلہ دیش اییَر فورس مَنٛز شٲمل۔ تٔمؠ کوٚر 1981 مَنٛز خانٛدر تہٕ نیہِ ؤری ترٛٲوُن ہوٲیی فوج۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=Debrett's People of Today 2016|url=https://archive.org/details/debrettspeopleof0000unse_c6j6|date=2016|publisher=Debrett's|via=[[Credo Reference]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; برطانیہ منتقل گژھنہٕ پتہٕ کٔر تٔمؠ 1986 مَنٛز کنگز کالج لندن پؠٹھ فزکسس مَنٛز ڈاکٹریٹ حٲصل تہٕ کٔرٕن پوسٹ ڈاکٹریٹ محقق پٲٹھؠ رایل ہولووے، یوٗنِوَرسِٹی آف لندنس مَنٛز شمولیت اختیار۔ تتیٚتہِ گوٚو سہ کمیونٹی کامین مَنٛز شٲمل۔

تٔمؠ کٔر 1991 مَنٛز کِنگس کالج لندنس مَنٛز پوسٹ گریجویٹ سرٹیفکیٹ ان ایجوکیشن (پی جی سی ای) پوٗرٕ کرنہٕ پتہٕ پرناوُن شۆروٗع۔  تٔمؠ گزٲر لندن کِس ہارنگی مَنٛز أکس سیکنڈری سکولس مَنٛز ساینس پڑھانے مَنٛز پانژ ؤری تہٕ 1997 مَنٛز گٔیہ ٹاور ہیملٹس ایجوکیشن اتھارٹی مَنٛز بطور خاص تعلیمی ضرورتٕک ماہر شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;mcb&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|title=A voice for Muslims (Profile: Muhammad Abdul Bari)|url=http://www.mcb.org.uk/uploads/Physics-World.pdf|journal=Physics World|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605080708/http://www.mcb.org.uk/uploads/Physics-World.pdf|archive-date=5 June 2011|access-date=6 December 2008|via=Muslim Council of Britain}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bbc1&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/5046970.stm|title=Profile: Dr. Muhammad Abdul Bari|date=5 June 2006|journal=BBC News|accessdate=6 December 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;mcb2&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=4 June 2006|title=MCB News|url=http://www.mcb.org.uk/article_detail.php?article=announcement-552|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060613214824/http://www.mcb.org.uk/article_detail.php?article=announcement-552|archive-date=13 June 2006|access-date=6 December 2008|publisher=Muslim Council of Britain}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="9611" sha1="hgkvvokdjgmc50oof0gt4o1oaffrjc1" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox religious biography|religion=[[اِسلام]]|image=Dr Timothy Winter (3x4 cropped).jpg|caption=ٹموتھی ونٹر 2017 مَنٛز|birth_name=ٹموتھی جان ونٹر|birth_date={{Birth date and age|1960|5|15|df=y}}|birth_place=[[لندن]]، [[سلطنتِ متحدہ]]|occupation={{hlist|[[سکالر]]|[[پروفیسر]]}}|denomination=[[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=Timothy Winter: British Muslim scholar Tim Winter reflects on Ramadan under lockdown |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/europe/british-muslim-scholar-tim-winter-reflects-on-ramadan-under-lockdown-1.1019929l |agency=The National}}&lt;/ref&gt;|creed=[[Ash'ari]]|movement=[[Islamic neo-traditionalism|Neo-Traditionalism]]&lt;ref name=&quot;neotrad&quot;&gt;{{Cite thesis|title=Neo-traditionalism in the West: navigating modernity, tradition, and politics|url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dc7aec3c-757e-4004-a721-db2d9ee3ba13|publisher=University of Oxford|date=2019|degree=PhD|language=en|first=Walaa|last=Quisay}}&lt;/ref&gt;|alma_mater={{bulleted list|[[University of Cambridge]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lloyd Ridgeon p 225&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Ridgeon |first1=Lloyd |title=Islamic Interpretations of Christianity |url=https://archive.org/details/islamicinterpret0000unse_l3l0 | publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|date=2001 |isbn=0312238541 |page=[https://archive.org/details/islamicinterpret0000unse_l3l0/page/225 225]}}&lt;/ref&gt;|[[al-Azhar University|University of al-Azhar]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ron Geaves p. 182&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Geaves |first1=Ron |title=Sufism in Britain | publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |location=London, United Kingdom |date=2013 |isbn=978-1441112613 |page=182}}&lt;/ref&gt;|[[SOAS University of London|University of London]]|[[University of Oxford]]|[[Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam]]}}|title=شیخ|official_name=عبدالحکیم مراد|main interests=اسلام، الہیات، اسلٲمی فقہ، تصوف|nationality=[[برطٲنوی]]}}
'''ٹموتھی جان ونٹر''' (پیدٲیش 15 مٔی 1960) ، یَتھ '''عبد الحکیم مراد''' تہٕ چھِ ونان چھُ اَکھ انگریز اسلامی سکالر تہٕ عالم دین یُس اسلامی نو روایتییتک حامی چھُ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Winter|first=Dr Timothy|date=22 July 2013|title=Dr Timothy Winter|url=https://www.divinity.cam.ac.uk/directory/timothy-winter|access-date=25 January 2021|website=www.divinity.cam.ac.uk|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Mannan|first=Salam|date=28 March 2020|title=PEOPLE|url=https://www.cambridgemuslimcollege.ac.uk/about/people/|access-date=25 January 2021|website=[[Cambridge Muslim College]]|language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;  تہنٛزٕ کامہ مَنٛز چھِ اسلامی الہیات، جدیدیت تہٕ اینگلو مسلم تعلقات پؠٹھ اشاعتہٕ شٲمل، تہٕ یمو چھِ واریہ اسلامی متنن ہنٛد ترجمہٕ کوٛرمت۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Sh. Abdal Hakim Murad {{!}} masud.co.uk|url=https://masud.co.uk/authors/abdal-hakim-murad/|access-date=25 January 2021|website=masud.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Murad|first=Abdal-Hakim|title=Abdal-Hakim Murad – Articles|url=https://masud.co.uk/ISLAM/ahm/index.htm|access-date=25 January 2021|website=masud.co.uk|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

سُہ چھُ کیمبرج مسلم کالج بٲنی تہٕ ڈین، کیمبرج مسلم کالج تہٕ ابراہیم کالجن دۄشوٕنی مَنٛز اسلامی علومک عزیز فاؤنڈیشن پروفیسر، ولفسن کالج مَنٛز ڈایریکٹر آف اسٹڈیز (تھیولوجی اینڈ ریلیجییَس اسٹڈیز) تہٕ کیمبرج یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز فیکلٹی آف ڈیوینیٹی مَنٛز شیخ زاید لیکچرر آف اسلامک اسٹڈیز۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=People {{!}} Cambridge Muslim College|url=http://www.cambridgemuslimcollege.org/about/people/|access-date=16 April 2017|website=www.cambridgemuslimcollege.org|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|date=28 January 2015|title=Dr Abdal Hakim Murad – Ebrahim College|language=en-US|journal=Ebrahim College|url=https://ebrahimcollege.org.uk/dr-abdal-hakim-murad/|accessdate=15 March 2018|archivedate=3 October 2023|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003050844/https://ebrahimcollege.org.uk/dr-abdal-hakim-murad/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=22 July 2013|title=Dr Timothy Winter — Faculty of Divinity|url=http://www.divinity.cam.ac.uk/directory/timothy-winter|access-date=16 April 2017|website=www.divinity.cam.ac.uk|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Wolfson&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=People &amp;#124; Wolfson|url=http://www.wolfson.cam.ac.uk/people/mr-timothy-winter}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=BBC – Religions – Islam: Muslim Spain (711–1492)|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/spain_1.shtml|website=www.bbc.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;

2008 ہس مَنٛز کوٚر تٔمؠ کیمبرج مسجد پروجیکٹک آغاز ییٚمؠ مقصدٕ خٲطرٕ بناونہٕ آمٕژ مسجد ہٕنٛز تعمیر خٲطرٕ رقم جمع کٔر۔ کیمبرجچ مرکزی مسجد گیؠ 24 اپریل 2019 مَنٛز کیمبرج مَنٛز گوڑنچ مقصدٕ خاطرٕ تعمیر شدہ مسجد، تہٕ یورپس مَنٛز گوڑنیچ ماحولیاتی مسجدک پانٹھ کھلہٕ۔

== پس منظر تہٕ تٲلیٖم ==

شیخ عبد الحکیم مراد، یُس زامُت ٹموتھی ونٹر اوس، اوس ہای گیٹس مَنٛز بڑیومُت۔ تیم سُنٛد مول اوس مَشہوٗر معمار جان ونٹر تہٕ تیم سٟنٛز موج ٲس اَکھ پینٹر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;independent&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;newstatesmen&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.newstatesman.com/world-affairs/2015/03/mehdi-hasan-how-islamic-islamic-state|title=How Islamic is Islamic State?|accessdate=26 May 2015|journal=[[New Statesman]]|first=Mehdi|last=Hasan|date=10 March 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; تٔمؠ کٔر ویسٹ منسٹر سکول مَنٛز تٲلیٖم حٲصل تہٕ 1983 مَنٛز کٔر تٔمؠ پیمبروک کالج، کیمبرج پؠٹھ عربی مَنٛز ڈبل فرسٹ سٟتؠ گریجویشن۔&lt;ref name=&quot;independent&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/timothy-winter-britains-most-influential-muslim--and-it-was-all-down-to-a-peach-2057400.html|archiveurl=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220621/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/timothy-winter-britains-most-influential-muslim--and-it-was-all-down-to-a-peach-2057400.html|archivedate=21 June 2022|title=Timothy Winter: Britain's most influential Muslim – and it was all down to a peach|accessdate=20 August 2010|journal=[[The Independent]]|first=Tom|last=Peck|date=20 August 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; اَمہِ پتہٕ کٔر تٔمؠ قاہرہ کِس الازہر یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز تٲلیٖم حٲصل۔ أمؠ چھِ سعودی عرب تہٕ یمن مَنٛز انفرٲدی سکالرزو سٟتؠ نجی مطالعس مَنٛز تہِ کٲم کٔرمٕژ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;independent&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Muslim 500&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Schleifer|first=Abdallah|title=The Muslim 500: The World's 500 Most Influential Muslims, 2012|date=2011|publisher=The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre|isbn=978-9957-428-37-2|location=Amman, Jordan|page=98}}&lt;/ref&gt; انگلینڈ واپس ینہٕ پتہٕ، کور تم لندن یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز [[تُرکِک زَبانہٕ|تُرکی]] تہٕ [[فارسی زَبان|فارسی]] ہنٛز تٲلیٖم حٲصل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Razavian|first=Christopher Pooya|title=Modern Islamic Authority and Social Change, Volume 2|date=2018|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|isbn=9781474433280|editor-last=Bano|editor-first=Masooda|pages=72–74|chapter=Chapter 2: The Neo-Traditionalism of Tim Winter}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2015 ہس مَنٛز میول تیمس ایمسٹرڈیم یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز پی ایچ ڈی، تیمسند مقالہ یَتھ عنوان اوس &quot;1&quot; صحیفٕک استدلال کہ روشنی مَنٛز اسلامی-عیسایی دوغلومن ہند تشخیص &quot;2&quot;۔ اَتھ پؠٹھ چھ 2050 تام پابندی لگاونہٕ آمٕژ۔

=== اِسلام قبول کَرُن ===
مرادن کوٚر 1979 مَنٛز اِسلام قبول۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Ahmed|first=Akbar|date=18 April 2023|title=Shaykh Abdal Hakim Murad Trains A New Generation Of Scholars|url=https://www.thefridaytimes.com/18-Apr-2023/shaykh-abdal-hakim-murad-trains-a-new-generation-of-scholars?utm_source=chatgpt.com|website=The Friday Times}}&lt;/ref&gt; پننہ ابتدٲیی مذہبی سونچٕچ عکاسی کران، مرادن وون ز کشور سٟنٛد طورس پؠٹھ کٕر تیم خوبصورتی ہِنٛز مادیت پسند وضاحتن پؠٹھ سوال کرن شۆروٗع، تہٕ یہٕ نتیجہٕ اخذ کٔرِتھ ز یہٕ &quot;1&quot; ٲس نہٕ کنٛہہ تہٕ چیز یمچ وضاحت صرف دماغ کہ فعل کس ایکس پہلو کس طورس پؠٹھ ہیکو کٔرِتھ &quot;2&quot;۔ امی تناظرس مَنٛز، کوٚر تیم جنسیت کس بارس مَنٛز عیسٲیی تہٕ اسلامی نظریاتن ہند تضاد، یہِ ونتھ ز ییلہ زن عیسایت مَنٛز چھ یہٕ اکثر زوال کہ نتیجہٕ کس طورس پؠٹھ سمجھنہٕ یوان، اسلامس مَنٛز چھ یہٕ &quot;1&quot; جنتٕچ توقع &quot;2&quot; کس طورس پؠٹھ ۄچھنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;independent&quot;/&gt;</text>
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'''اِبن تیمیہ''' ({{زَبان|Ar|ٱبَن تَمِیَوَة}}؛ 22 جَنؤری 1263 - 26 سَتَمبَر 1328ء) اوس اَکھ سُنی مُسلِم عٲلِم، فقہہ، مجتحد، رِوایت پسند، قادری صوفی، قدیم سلفی عٲلِم تہٕ اَیکونوکلاسٹ۔1263 عیٖسویس مَنٛز [[حران|حرانس]] مَنٛز زامُت تہٕ منگول حملہٕ نِش ژلنہٕ پتہٕ، أمِس اوس تٔمؠ سٕنٛدِ بٕڑؠ بب تہٕ مٲلؠ [[دمشق|دمشقس]] مَنٛز اِسلٲمی فقہ کین اصوٗلن مَنٛز ہیچھناومُت۔ ابن تیمیہ سپُد پننؠن ہم عصرن تہٕ پٔتِمین صٔدین مَنٛز اَکھ متنازعہ شخصیت ثٲبت۔ شامی سلفی ماہر الہیات محمد رشید رضا، یُس ابن تیمیہ سندین کامین ہنٛد اَکھ بٔڑ جدیٖد حامیو منٛزٕ اَکھ اوس، کوٚر تم 7 مہٕ اِسلأمی صدی ہنٛد مجددی نامزد۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last1=Haynes|first1=Jeffrey|title=The Routledge handbook of Religion, Politics and Ideology|url=https://archive.org/details/routledgehandboo0000unse_v0a1|last2=S. Sheikh|first2=Naveed|publisher=Routledge: Taylor &amp; Francis Group|year=2022|isbn=978-0-367-41782-6|location=New York, USA|pages=[https://archive.org/details/routledgehandboo0000unse_v0a1/page/182 182]|chapter=Making Sense of Salafism: Theological foundations, ideological iterations and political manifestations}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

علماء تہٕ ریاستی حکامو لگٲو ابن تیمیہ تہٕ تٔمؠ سنٛد شاگردن پؠٹھ بشریاتُک الزام ، یمہٕ وجہ سٟتؠ بالٲخر تیٚم سٕنٛز کامین سنسر کرنہٕ تہٕ امہٕ پتہٕ آو قید کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Routledge: Taylor &amp; Francis Group&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Haynes|first=Jeffrey|title=The Routledge handbook of Religion, Politics and Ideology|url=https://archive.org/details/routledgehandboo0000unse_v0a1|last2=S. Sheikh|first2=Naveed|publisher=Routledge: Taylor &amp; Francis Group|year=2022|isbn=978-0-367-41782-6|location=New York, USA|pages=[https://archive.org/details/routledgehandboo0000unse_v0a1/page/180 180]|chapter=Making Sense of Salafism: Theological foundations, ideological iterations and political manifestations|quote=His denouncement of both the (high-church) ʿulamāʾ of the rival theological schools—particularly the Ash‘aris, even as he muddied the waters by calling them anachronistic names such as ‘Jahmis’ after the heterodox theologian Jahm Ibn Safwan (d. 745)—and (low-church) folk religion steeped in local understandings of Sufism, earned him the authorities’ wrath. He was imprisoned on charges of corporealism (tajsīm) and likening the attributes of God to those of His creation (tashbīḥ), a dual charge that his followers from Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya (1292–1350) onwards have also faced.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Sinani 344&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sinani|first=Besnik|date=April 10, 2022|title=Post-Salafism: Religious Revisionism in Contemporary Saudi Arabia|journal=Religions|volume=13|issue=4|pages=344|doi=10.3390/rel13040340|quote=A key aspect of the legacy of Ibn Taymiyya is his opposition to the two dominant schools of Sunni theology (kalam), Ashaʿrism and Maturidism|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Nettler|first=Ronald L.|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001/acref-9780195305135-e-1167?rskey=KtEa3S&amp;result=491|title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2009|isbn=9780195305135|editor-last=L. Esposito|editor-first=John|chapter=Ibn Taymīyah, Taqī al-Dīn Aḥmad|doi=10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001|quote=He incurred the wrath of some Shāfiʿī and other ʿulamāʿ (religious scholars) and theologians for some of his teachings on theology and law. He was persecuted and imprisoned in Syria and Egypt, for his tashbīh (anthropomorphism), several of his rulings derived through ijtihād (independent reason), and his idiosyncratic legal judgments|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101153717/https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001/acref-9780195305135-e-1167?rskey=KtEa3S&amp;result=491|archive-date=1 November 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

بہر حال، ابن تیمیہ چھِ حالیہ دورس مَنٛز سنی علمی حلقن مَنٛز بااثر بنیومُت، تہٕ تٔمؠ سٕنٛدین اعتقاداتی مقالن چھ عصری سلفی تحریکک پیروکار بٔڑس پیمانس پؠٹھ کلاسیکی علمی حوالہٕ مانان۔ پننؠن مقالن دوران، ابن تیمیہ ہن دِژ اَتھ کتھہٕ پؠٹھ زور زِ وجہ تہٕ وحی درمیان چھُنہٕ کانٛہہ تضاد، تہٕ مذہبی پزرُک ہنٛز تلاشہٕ مَنٛز فلسفک استعمالچ مذمت کٔرمٕژ۔ سُہ چھُ کلام کؠن مُختٔلِف مکاتب فکر، خاص طور [[اشعری|اشعریت]] تہٕ ماتورِدزمس خَلاف پننہٕ زوردار بحث خٲطرٕ تہٕ قٲبلہٕ ذکر۔

بحیثیت عالم دین یُس شیعیت مسلم معاشرن مَنٛز بدعنوانی ہُنٛد ماخذ مانان اوس، ابن تیمیہ اوس منہاج السنت ہوین مقالن مَنٛز شیعہ مُخٲلِف بحثو خٲطرٕ تہِ زاننہٕ یوان، یَتھ مَنٛز تمو امامی شیعہ عقیدس ملحد قرار دِوان اوس۔ تٔمؠ کوٚر کسروان کین شیعین خَلاف جہاد کرنُک حکم جٲری تہٕ پانہٕ لوٚڑُن کسروان مہمَن مَنٛز پانہٕ ، شیعین پؠٹھ الزام لگٲوُن زِ تِم چھِ فرینک صلیبین تہٕ منگول الخانین ہٕنٛدِ پٲنژِم کالم نگار پٲٹھؠ کٲم کران۔ سُہ چھُ الخانی حکمران غازان خانس سٟتؠ مرج الصفار کِس جَنٛگس مَنٛز پننہِ سِفارتی شمولیتہٕ خٲطرٕ تہِ زاننہٕ یِوان، یٔمہِ شامَس پؠٹھ منگول حملہٕ ختم کٔرؠ‌۔ حنبلی مکتب فکرُک اَکھ قونوٗنی فقیہ، ابن تیمیہ سٕندِ بزرگن ہٕنٛز تعظیم تہٕ مقبرن ہٕندِس دورس سٟتؠ وابستہٕ متعدد صوفی طریقن ہٕنٛز مذمت بنیوو سُہ تمہ وقتٕکین واریاہن حکمرانن تہٕ عالمن سٟتؠ اَکھ متنازعہ شخصیت، ییمہ کِس نتیجس مَنٛز آو سُہ واریاہ لٹہِ قٲد کرنہٕ۔

حالیہ تٲریخس مَنٛز، ابن تیمیہ چھ بٔڑس پیمانس پؠٹھ عسکریت پسند اسلامی تحریکن یَتھ کٔنؠ سلفی جہادیت مَنٛز اَکھ بوٚڑ علمی اثر و رسوخ سمجنہٕ یِوان۔ تٔمؠ سٕنٛزِ تعلیمہٕ ہٕنٛدؠ بٔڑؠ پہلوو تروو جزیرٕ نما عربس مَنٛز شکٕل دِنہٕ آمٕژ [[وہابیت]] اصلاحی تحریکٕک بٲنؠ، [[محمد بن عبد الوہاب|محمد بن عبد الوہابس]] سٟتؠ سٟتؠ پتہٕ ینہٕ والؠن باقی سنی سکالرن پؠٹھ سرٛوٚن اثر۔ ابن تیمیہ سُنٛد نظریاتی پوزیشن، یَتھ کٔنؠ منگول الخانین پؠٹھ تہنز تکفیر تہٕ باقین مُسلمانن خَلاف جہادچ اِجازت دیُن، یمن ہنٛد حوالہٕ اوس پتہٕ مسلم دنیاہچ عصری حکومتن خَلاف سمٲجی بغاوتن ہنٛد جواز پیش کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ [[اخوان المسلم]]، [[حزب التحریر]]، [[القاعدہ]]، تہٕ [[اِسلامِک سٹیٹ]] شٲمل چھُ۔ حالانٛکہِ ابن تیمیہ سُنٛد حوالہٕ چھُ اکثر وہابی تحریکہِ ہٕنٛدیو پیروکارو دٔسؠ صوفی مُخٲلِف مباحثن مَنٛز دِنہٕ یوان، مگر تٔمِس سٕنٛز تصویر کشی چھِ بٔڑِس پیمانس پؠٹھ غلط ماننہٕ یِوان، یُس تٔمؠ سٕنٛزن کینژن تحریرن ہٕنٛزِ منتخب تہٕ سیاق و سباقس نؠبر تشریحات سٟتؠ پٲدٕ سپدان چھُ۔ ییلہ زن تٔمؠ کُنہِ ساتہٕ صوفی ازمس سٟتؠ وابستہٕ کینژن عملن پؠٹھ تَنقیٖد کران اوس، تٔمؠ اوس تسلیم کران زِ تصوف چھُ اسلامُک اَکھ لٲزمی حصہٕ تہٕ واریاہن صوفی آقاؤں ہٕندؠ تعریف۔ تم اوس پانہٕ [[قادریہ]] سلسلس سٟتؠ وابستہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:21&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Assef |first=Qais |date=2012-05-01 |title=Le soufisme et les soufis selon Ibn Taymiyya |url=https://journals.openedition.org/beo/330 |journal=Bulletin d'études orientales |language=fr |issue=60 |pages=91–121 |doi=10.4000/beo.330 |issn=0253-1623}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite thesis |last=Al-Nassar |first=Khalid |date=March 2025 |title=The Future of Sufism in Saudi Arabia Under Salafi–Sufi Polemics and Vision 2030's Adoption of Wasaṭiyya |url=https://theses.gla.ac.uk/85207/4/2025alnassarphd.pdf |work= |degree=PhD |location= |publisher=[[University of Glasgow]] |access-date=10 November 2025|pages=127–130}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:اِسلٲمی سٕکالر]]
[[زٲژ:1263 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:1328 وَفات]]</text>
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طارق رمضان (عربی: ترک رمضان) (پٲدٲیِش 26 اَگَست 1962) چھ اَکھ سویس نَسٕل مصری تعلیمی ماہر، فلسفی تہٕ مصنف، یُس 2026 مَنٛز فرانسیسی عدالتک ذریعہٕ عصمت دری ہنٛد ترٛیٚن الزامن مَنٛز مجرم قرار آو دینہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;i957&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Kirby|first=Paul|date=2026-03-26|title=Tariq Ramadan: French court hands Islam scholar 18-year jail term for rape|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cj408984v2xo|access-date=2026-03-28|website=BBC Home}}&lt;/ref&gt;  تٔمؠ چھِ سینٹ اینٹونی کالج، آکسفورڈ مَنٛز عصری اسلامک اسٹڈیزک پروفیسر تہٕ آکسفورڈ یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز فیکلٹی آف تھیولوجی اینڈ ریلیجن سمیت تعلیمی عہدٕ سنبھالےمت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ProfessorialFellow&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Professor Tariq Ramadan MA PhD Geneva, Professor of Contemporary Islamic Studies|url=http://www.sant.ox.ac.uk/people/tariq-ramadan|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023200219/http://www.sant.ox.ac.uk/people/tariq-ramadan|archive-date=23 October 2018|access-date=2018-10-23|publisher=[[St Antony's College, Oxford]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FTR&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Professor Tariq Ramadan, Associate Faculty Member, Contemporary Islamic Studies|url=https://www.theology.ox.ac.uk/people/professor-tariq-ramadan|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023234247/https://www.theology.ox.ac.uk/people/professor-tariq-ramadan|archive-date=23 October 2018|access-date=2018-10-23|publisher=[[Faculty of Theology and Religion, University of Oxford]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ أوس [[قَطَر|قطر]] کس حمد بن خلیفہ یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز فیکلٹی آف اِسلامک سٹڈیزس مَنٛز وزیٹنگ پروفیسر تہٕ [[دوحہ|دوحاہس]] مَنٛز ریسرچ سینٹر آف اِسلامک لیجسلیشن اینڈ ایتھکسک (CILE) سابق ڈایریکٹر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;CileCenter&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Our Team &amp;#124; CILE – Research Center for Islamic Legislation and Ethics|url=https://www.cilecenter.org/about-us/our-team|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120223037/https://www.cilecenter.org/about-us/our-team|archive-date=20 January 2022|access-date=20 January 2022|website=www.cilecenter.org}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

طارق رمضان چھُ اخوان المسلمون کِس بنیاد پرست حسن البنا سنٛد نیچو، تہٕ چھُ اِسلام، یورپس مَنٛز مسلم شناخت تہٕ اصلاح پسند فکرس پؠٹھ لیکھمت تہٕ لیکچر دیتمت۔ تٔمؠ چھ پننس پانس &quot;صالحی اصلاح پسند&quot; قرار دیتمت۔
==کتابیات==
طارق رمضانن چھٕ آلہٕ پَلہٕ کُل ۳۰ کتابہٕ لیچھمژہ۔&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20220709205308/https://international.la-croix.com/news/culture/second-rape-allegation-against-famous-oxford-islamologist/6243&lt;/ref&gt;
*(1999) یورپی مُسلمان ہونا: یورپی سیاق و سباق میں اسلامی ذرایع کا مطالعہ۔ لیسٹر، یوکے: اسلامک فاؤنڈیشن۔ آیی ایس بی این 978-0-86-037300-1 
*(1999) فرانس میں مُسلمان: بقاے باہمی کی طرف راستہ۔ مارک فیلڈ، لیسٹر، یوکے: اسلامک فاؤنڈیشن۔ آیی ایس بی این 978-0-86-037299-8
==مزید وُچھو==
*[[ابن قطیبہ]]
*[[اسرار خودی]]

== پیشے تہٕ زندگی ==

طارق رمضان زاو 26 اَگَست 1962 ہس مَنٛز جینیوا سویٹزرلینڈس مَنٛز أکس [[مِصر|مصری]] مُسلمان خانٛدانس مَنٛز۔ سُہ چھ سعید رمضان تہٕ وفا البنا سنٛد نیچو، یس حسن البنا سٕنٛز زٹھہ کور ٲس، ییٚمؠ 1928 مَنٛز مصرس مَنٛز اخوان المسلمون بنیاد تھوٚو۔ جمال البنا، لبرل مُسلمان مصلح، أوس أمہ سنٛد مٲلؠ‌۔
==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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    <title>رقیہ واریس مقصود</title>
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      <text bytes="5161" sha1="2977cu1pncrwbuvvlaqxrklftieaby8" xml:space="preserve">رقیعہ وارث مقصود، (1942 مَنٛز روزالن رش بروک، پتہٕ '''روزالن کینڈرک''') چھٕ [[اِسلام|اِسلامی]] تہٕ باقی موضوعاتن پؠٹھ تَقریٖبَن ۴۰ ڪتابن ہنٛد برطانوی مُصنف۔

== سوانح عمری ==

مقصود ٲسہِ 1942 مَنٛز لندن مَنٛز زامژ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Meehan|first=Sumayyah|date=2007-10-04|title=Ruqaiyyah Waris Maqsood, an Interview|url=http://muslimobserver.com/ruqaiyyah-waris-maqsood-an-interview/|access-date=2019-11-20|website=The Muslim Observer|language=en-US|archive-date=2019-07-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719154350/http://muslimobserver.com/ruqaiyyah-waris-maqsood-an-interview/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Insights&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|date=June 2009|title=Introduction to 'I was Ready'|journal=Insights (S. 1) (20724586)|volume=1|issue=4|pages=151–162|issn=2072-4586}}&lt;/ref&gt; تیم کٕر 1963 مَنٛز ہل یوٗنِوَرسِٹی سٟتؠ کرسچن تھیولوجی مَنٛز آنرز ڈگری سٟتؠ گریجویشن تہٕ 1964 مَنٛز کٕر تیم ڈپ ایڈ حٲصل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Insights&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ahmad&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Ahmad|first=Anis|date=Spring 2002|title=Reviewed Work: ''What Every Christian Should Know About Islam'' by Ruqaiyyah Waris Maqsood|journal=Islamic Studies|location=Islamabad|publisher=Islamic Research Institute, International Islamic University|volume=41|issue=1|pages=120–124|jstor=20837170}}&lt;/ref&gt; مقصود أس 1986 مَنٛز عیسایت پؠٹھ [[اِسلام]] قبول کَرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ahmad&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Maishanu&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Maishanu|first=Isa Muhammad|date=Spring 2003|title=Reviewed Work: ''A Muslim Study of the Origins of the Christian Church'' by Ruqaiyyah Waris Maqsood|journal=Islamic Studies|location=Islamabad|publisher=Islamic Research Institute, International Islamic University|volume=42|issue=1|pages=160–167|jstor=20837259}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2006|title=Women in Islam|url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=a9h&amp;AN=22697238&amp;site=ehost-live|journal=Canada &amp; the World Backgrounder|volume=72|issue=1|pages=6|url-access=subscription|via=EBSCOhost}}&lt;/ref&gt; تیم کور ترین وری کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ عرصس تام برطانیہس مَنٛز مذہبی علومس پؠٹھ تدریس۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Maishanu&quot; /&gt; 1996 مَنٛز پننہٕ ریٹایرمنٹ برونٹھ، سوٛ ٲس ہل سیکنڈری سکولس مَنٛز مذہبی تعلیمچ سربراہ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ahmad&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Emel&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|last=Maqsood|first=Ruqaiyyah Waris|title=A week in the life of.. Ruqaiyyah Waris Maqsood|url=https://www.emel.com/article?id=5&amp;a_id=1552|accessdate=21 November 2019|journal=Emel|issue=4|date=March–April 2004|location=London, England|archivedate=17 September 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917104656/https://www.emel.com/article?id=5&amp;a_id=1552}}&lt;/ref&gt;

تیم چھ مذہبی موضوعاتن پؠٹھ ژوراہ کھۄتہٕ زیادٕہ کتابہٕ لیکھمتؠ‌۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kressel|first=Neil J.|title=&quot;The sons of pigs and apes&quot; : Muslim antisemitism and the conspiracy of silence|url=https://archive.org/details/thesonsofpigsape0000kres|publisher=Potomac Books|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59797-811-8|edition=1st|location=Washington, D.C.|pages=[https://archive.org/details/thesonsofpigsape0000kres/page/26 26]|oclc=967589479}}&lt;/ref&gt; پننس گوڈنکس شادی شدہ ناو روزالن کینڈرکس تحت، لیوکھ تیم عیسایی الہیات کین پہلون پؠٹھ واریہ کتابہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Insights&quot;/&gt; 1992 پیٹھہٕ، کور تیم انگریزی بولن والین لوکن اِسلام متعارف کرنہٕ خٲطرٕہ تحریرک اَکھ بوڑ حصہ شایَع۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Zafar|first=Muhammad Imtiaz|date=2010|title=Ruqaiyyah Waris Maqsood Need to Know? Islam Understand the Religion behind the Headlines|url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=a9h&amp;AN=97056223&amp;site=ehost-live|journal=Insights|volume=3|issue=2|pages=267–278|url-access=subscription|via=EBSCOhost}}&lt;/ref&gt; بچن خاطرٕ تہنٛز کتاب، اسلامی مساجد (2005) مَنٛز چھ مساجد تہٕ اسلامی اصطلاحاتک تلفظ کس بارس مَنٛز معلومات شأمل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Moore|first=Ann W.|date=November 2005|title=Hindu Mandirs/Buddhist Temples/Islamic Mosques …|url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=a9h&amp;AN=18797642&amp;site=ehost-live|journal=School Library Journal|volume=51|issue=11|pages=114–115|url-access=subscription|via=EBSCOhost}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== بیرونی لنکس ==

* [[iarchive:AishahAStudyOfHerAgeAtTheTimeOfHerMarriageWithProphetMuhammad|عائشہ محمدس سۭتۍ خانٛدرٕ وز پننہٕ عمرک مطالعہٕ]]

==مزید وُچھو==
*[[ابن قطیبہ]]
*[[اسرار خودی]]

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:1942 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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'''نوح ہا میم کیلر''' (پیدٲیش 1954) چھُ اَکھ امریکی اسلامی اسکالر، ٹیچر تہٕ مصنف یس امّان۔ مَنٛز روزان چھ۔ سُہ چھ واریاہن [[اِسلام|اسلام]]ی ڪتابن ہنٛد ترجمہٕ کار۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Hewer, C. T. R.|title=Understanding Islam&amp;nbsp;– The First Ten Steps|url=https://archive.org/details/understandingisl0000hewe|publisher=[[SCM Press]]|year=2006|isbn=978-0-334-04032-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/understandingisl0000hewe/page/209 209]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== زندگی تہٕ سکالرشیپ ==

کیلر أوس 1954 مَنٛز [[واشِنٛگٹَن (رِیاسَتھ)|ریاست واشنگٹن]] کس اکس تریمس نسلہٕ کس جرمن امریکی خاندانس مَنٛز پیدٕ گومت۔ پننہٕ جرمن جڑو علاوٕ، تم أس پننہٕ ماجہ ہنٛد طرفہٕ کیہہ سکاٹش تہٕ [[آیرِش لوٗکھ|آئرش۔]] نسب تہٕ۔ کیلرن کوٚر شکاگو یوٗنِوَرسِٹی تہٕ یوٗنِوَرسِٹی آف کیلیفورنیا، لاس اینجلس مَنٛز فلسفہ تہٕ عربی ہنٛز تٲلیٖم حٲصِل۔ تٔمؠ کوٚر 1977 مَنٛز رومن کیتھولک ازم پؠٹھ [[اِسلام]] قبول۔&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Hamid|first=Sadek|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V5EuDAAAQBAJ|title=Sufis, Salafis and Islamists: The Contested Ground of British Islamic Activism|date=2015-12-30|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1-78453-231-4|pages=81–82|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; تمہ چھُ اِسلامی فلسفی سید حسین نصر سٟنٛز تحریٖری تمہ سٟنٛد اِسلام قبول کرنٕچہ اَکھ وجہ قرار دیوٗت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Kasper&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Mathiesen|first=Kasper|date=2013|title=Anglo-American 'Traditional Islam' and Its Discourse of Orthodoxy|url=https://journals.uio.no/JAIS/article/view/4633|journal=Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies|language=en|volume=13|pages=191–219|doi=10.5617/jais.4633|issn=0806-198X|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;

کیلرن کٔر [[کٲہِل سۆدُر|شمالی بحر الکاہل]] مَنٛز أکس تجٲرتی ماہی گاڈہ وول سنٛد پٲٹھؠ کٲم۔ إمہ پتہٕ کوٚر تٔمؠ [[شام (مُلک)|شام]] تہٕ اردن کیٚن نامور سُکالرزو سٟتؠ اِسلامی علومک طویل مطٲلعہٕ شروٗع تہٕ آو 1996 مَنٛز شیخ سنٛدؠ پٲٹھؠ اختیار دنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;
سُہ گوٚو شدیلی [[صوٗفیت|صوفی]] آرڈر۔ مَنٛز شٲمل، تہٕ بنیو [[دمشق]] صوفی شٲیِر شیخ عبدل رحمان الشاغوری سنٛدٕ شاگرد (ییٚمہ نش تٔمس 1982 پیٚٹھٕ 2004 مَنٛز مرنس تام اجازت میلیمٕژ ٲس) ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Sheikh Nuh Ha Mim Keller &amp;#124; The Sila Initiative|url=https://thesilainitiative.org/author/sheikh-nuh-ha-mim-keller/|website=thesilainitiative.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

تہنٛد انگریزی ترجمہٕ، اُمداد السالک، ریلاینس آف دی ٹریولر، (سننا بکس، 1991) چھ [[شَریٖعَت|شریعہ]] اَکھ شیفی دستی۔&lt;ref name=&quot;reliance1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=[[Ahmad ibn Naqib al-Misri]], Nuh Ha Mim Keller|date=1368|title=Reliance of the Traveller|url=http://www.catheyallison.com/Reliance_of_the_Traveller.pdf|access-date=14 May 2020|website=Amana Publications|archive-date=19 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819082808/http://www.catheyallison.com/Reliance_of_the_Traveller.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;reliance2&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=[[Ahmad ibn Naqib al-Misri]], Nuh Ha Mim Keller|date=1368|title=A Classic Manual of Islamic Scared Law|url=http://dailyrollcall.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/the-reliance-of-the-traveller.pdf|access-date=14 May 2020|website=Shafiifiqh.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہٕ چھُ یورپی زبٲنؠ مَنٛز گۄڑنُک اِسلامی قانونی کٲم یَتھ الازہر یوٗنِوَرسِٹی ہنٛد سرٹیفیکیشن چہٕ ملیومت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Brandon, James|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iInaAAAAMAAJ|title=Crimes of the Community: Honour-Based Violence in the UK|last2=Hafez, Salam|publisher=[[Centre for Social Cohesion]]|year=2008|isbn=978-1-903386-64-4|page=67}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

کیلرن کوٚر 2022 ہس مَنٛز قرآن پاککُ اَکھ ترجمہٕ جٲری یَتھ عنوان أوس قرآن پاک وچھمت یُس زبان تہٕ بیان بازی ہنٛز درستگی برقرار تھوان چھ تہٕ قارییٖنن قرآن پاکچ اعلی بول چال تہٕ خوبصورتی ہنٛد اَکھ منفرد احساس فراہم کرنچ کوشش کران چھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=The Quran Beheld|url=https://www.quranbeheld.com/|access-date=2022-06-30|website=www.quranbeheld.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;ترجمہ کارن ہند پننین الفاظن مَنٛز، &quot;معنیٕک ستھ اہم شعبہٕ&quot; ٲس &quot;پتمہٕ ترجمو سٟتؠ نظر انداز کرنہٕ آمٕتی یَتھ فرقٕک نتیجہٕ چھُ قرآنٕک موضوعات، منطق، دلیلہٕ، پیغام تہٕ معنیٕک اَہم عناصر ختم گژھان۔ اتھٲی پٲٹھ چھ قرآن گۄڈنُیٛک لٹہٕ انگریزی مَنٛز قرآن پاکس مَنٛز عربی معنیٕک معاملات دریافت کران۔&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Discover the Quran in English|url=https://www.quranbeheld.com/explore|access-date=2022-06-30|website=www.quranbeheld.com|archive-date=2022-09-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911003614/https://www.quranbeheld.com/explore|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

کیلرن چھ واریاہ مضمون تہٕ لیکھمتؠ تہٕ أوس ''اسلامکا میگزین'' تہٕ ویب سایٹس masud.co.uk مَنٛز باقاعدٕ سہکٲری کرن وول۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Brown, Derek|date=November 1, 2001|title=A Different Perspective: Muslim Websites in Britain&amp;nbsp;– Britain's Muslim Community Is Well Served by Websites Offering News, Opinion, and Religious Interpretation of the West's Response to the Terrorist Attacks on the US, as Derek Brown Explains|journal=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/nov/01/september11.uk|accessdate=September 18, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ونکیٚنس چھُ کیلر امّان۔ [[جورڈن]] مَنٛز روزان، ییٚتہ تٔمؠ 2000 کِس دہایی کِس اوایلس مَنٛز اَکھ ''زویا'' (یادگار) قٲیم کٔر۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=[[Yvonne Haddad|Haddad, Yvonne Yazbeck]]|url=https://archive.org/details/educatingmuslims0000unse/page/144|title=Educating the Muslims of America|last2=Senzai, Farid|last3=Smith, Jane I.|publisher=[[New York City]]: [[Oxford University Press]]|year=2009|isbn=978-0-19-537520-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/educatingmuslims0000unse/page/144 144]}}&lt;/ref&gt; امہٕ کس عروجس پیٚٹھ، چھ مانٛنہٕ یوان ز ادارس مَنٛز شرکت کرن واجیٚنؠ کمیونٹی مَنٛز آسہٕ اردن مَنٛز مستقل طور روزن وٲلؠ لگ بگ 60 خاندان، تہٕ ہتہٕ بٔد علمٕک طٲلبہ علم تہٕ خاندان یم کیلر سنٛز روحانی بصیرت سٟتؠ سٟتؠ رسمی اسلامی مطٲلعاتک تلاشس مَنٛز مختصر دورن خٲطرٕ کمیونٹی ہنٛد دورٕ کٔر۔ علاقہٕ۔  {{حَوالہٕ ضروٗرتھ|date=July 2025}}

أمس چھُ أکس سکالر بیسہ کراسنیقی یس مزار کراسنیکی سٕنٛز کور چھےٚ، سٟتہ خانٛدر کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Dru14&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Drury|first=Abdullah|year=2020|title=Mazharbeg: An Albanian in Exile|url=https://www.waikato.ac.nz/fass/UWISG/review/Waikato-Islamic-Studies-Review-Vol-6-No-1.pdf#page=4|journal=Waikato Islamic Studies Review|volume=6|issue=1|page=14|doi=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
==مزید وُچھو==
*[[ابن قطیبہ]]
*[[اسرار خودی]]

==حَوالہٕ==</text>
      <sha1>27uz87fyio08p20helaezvrdt9apd0s</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>کیشیا علی</title>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
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'''کیشیا علی''' (پٲدٲیِش 1972) چھٕ اَکھ امریکی اسکالر یوس اسلامی فقہ، اخلاقیات، زنانہٕ تہٕ جنس، تہٕ سوانح عمری ہند مطالعس پؠٹھ چھٕ توجہ مرکوز کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;GeorgetownBio&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Meet the Scholar: Snapshots of Intellectual Journeys; Kecia Ali|url=https://arabic.georgetown.edu/meet-the-scholar-kecia-ali/|website=Department of Arabic and Islamic Studies, Georgetown University}}&lt;/ref&gt; سہٕ بنیہٕ پک فورڈ فِلِم کارپوریشنٕچ نٲیِب صٔدٕر تہٕ بوسٹن یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز مذہبٕچ پروفیسر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yarger|first=Lauren|date=2014|title=In Search of the Real Muhammad|url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=lfh&amp;AN=98708785&amp;site=ehost-live|journal=Publishers Weekly|volume=12|url-access=subscription|access-date=19 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; تم ٲس برونٹھ برانڈیس یوٗنِوَرسِٹی ہنٛد فیمینسٹ سیکسول ایتھکس پروجیکٹس سٟتؠ کٲم کران، سوسایٹی فار دی سٹڈی آف مسلم ایتھکسچ صدارت کران تہٕ برینڈیس کالج تہٕ ہارورڈ ڈیوینیٹی سکولس مَنٛز ریسرچ ایسوسی ایٹ تہٕ پوسٹ ڈاکٹریٹ فیلو۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Kecia Ali|url=https://www.brandeis.edu/projects/fse/conferences/beyond-slavery/presenters/kecia-ali.html|website=The Feminist Sexual Ethics Project}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;GeorgetownBio&quot; /&gt;

== تٲلیٖم ==

علی ین کٔر 1993 ہس مَنٛز سٹینفورڈ یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز ہسٹری تہٕ فیمینسٹ اسٹڈیزس مَنٛز بی اے حٲصل۔ پتہٕ ۲۰۰۰ مَنٛز، ملیٚو تٔمؠ مذہبس مَنٛز ایم اے تہٕ ۲۰۰۲ مَنٛز پی ایچ ڈی۔ دۄشوٕنی ڈیوک یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز مذہبس مَنٛز۔ کالجس مَنٛز روزتھ کور تیم اِسلام قبول۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yarger|first=Lauren|date=2014|title=In Search of the Real Muhammad|url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=lfh&amp;AN=98708785&amp;site=ehost-live|journal=Publishers Weekly|volume=12|url-access=subscription|access-date=19 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== کٲم ==

علی ین چھ ازدواجیہ، زنانہٕ پن، تہٕ إسلامس سٟتؠ یمن ہنٛد تعلق تہٕ ترقی کِس موضوعس متعلق لیکھموت۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Hammer|first=Juliane|title=American Muslim Women, Religious Authority, and Activism: More Than a Prayer|url=https://archive.org/details/americanmuslimwo0000hamm|date=2012|publisher=University of Austin|edition=First|location=Texas|pages=[https://archive.org/details/americanmuslimwo0000hamm/page/86 86]–88}}&lt;/ref&gt; سۄٕ چھےٚ مغربی دُنؠ‌یا مَنٛز زنانن ہنٛدس نظریس متعلق حَساس تہٕ ونان ز اِسلامی مطالعس مَنٛز &quot;صنفی مَسایل چھُ پریتھ أکس ہنٛدس ذہنس مَنٛز واریاہ زیٛادٕ۔&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.diverseeducation.com/home/article/15085704/defeating-stereotypes-of-muslim-women|title=Defeating Stereotypes of Muslim Women|last=Smith|first=Susan E.|date=4 October 2007|publisher=Diverse: Issues in Higher Education|volume=24|issue=17|pages=20–24}}&lt;/ref&gt;

قرآن، حدت تہٕ فقہس پؠٹھ حقوق نسواں ہنٛد عکاسن أوس تقابلی اِسلامی مطالعاتن ذریعہٕ اِسلامی تٲریخس مَنٛز &quot;چیلنجنگ شراکت&quot; وننہٕ آمُت۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Hamid|first=Sadek|date=2008|title=Sexual Ethics and Islam: Feminist Reflections on Quran, Hadith and Jurisprudence|journal=Comparative Islamic Studies|volume=4|pages=237–238|doi=10.1558/cis.v4i4.1-4.2.237|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Sexual Ethics and Islam&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ali|first=Kecia|title=Sexual Ethics and Islam|date=2016|publisher=Oneworld Publications|isbn=978-1-78074-381-3|location=England}}&lt;/ref&gt; علین چھٕ خانٛدر، طلاق، جِنس، حرم، ہم جنس قربت، تہٕ واریاہ زیٛادٕ متنازعہ موضوعاتن متعلق کتھ کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Sexual Ethics and Islam&quot; /&gt;

امہٕ پتہٕ چھ علیین جنسی اخلاقیات تہٕ اِسلام چہ سالانہٕ اضافہٕ شایع کوٚرمت۔ 

ابتدٲیی اِسلامس مَنٛز أوس خاندر تہٕ غلامی امریکن اکیڈمی آف ریلیجن کہ جرنل کہ طرفہٕ &quot;1&quot; اِبتدٲیی اسلامی خانٛدرٕ کہ قانونک محتاط، کمزور، مستند تہٕ واریاہ مرکوز سروے &quot;2&quot;۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Reinhart|first=Kevin A.|date=2014|title=Marriage and Slavery in Early Islam by Kecia Ali|journal=Journal of the American Academy of Religion|volume=82|issue=3|pages=902–903|doi=10.1093/jaarel/lfu045}}&lt;/ref&gt; جرنل آف لا اینڈ ریلیجن چھ خانٛدر تہٕ غلامی &quot;قانونی، تٲریخی تہٕ صنفی مطٲلعاتک شعبن مَنٛز اَکھ قیمتی سہکٲری&quot; ونان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Rustomiji|first=Nerina|date=2012|title=Marriage and Slavery in Early Islam|url=https://doi.org/10.1017/S0748081400000357|journal=Journal of Law &amp; Religion|volume=28|issue=1|pages=293–295|doi=10.1017/S0748081400000357|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;دی لایفز آف محمد (صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَیْهِ وَسَلَّمَ) أوس پبلشرن ویکلی ہند طرفہٕ مثبت جٲیزٕ ننہٕ آمت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Yarger|first=Lauren|date=2014|title=In Search of the Real Muhammad|url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=lfh&amp;AN=98708785&amp;site=ehost-live|journal=Publishers Weekly|volume=12|url-access=subscription|access-date=19 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==مزید وُچھو==
*[[نُوح ہا میم کیلر]]	
*[[رقیہ واریس مقصود]]		
*[[طارق رمضان]]		
*[[ابراہیم ابو محمد]]		
*[[ابن قطیبہ]]

==حَوالہٕ==</text>
      <sha1>73hfams88lkzei4mv9yphys3fsn4fas</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>زید شاکر</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''زیڈ شاکر''' (عربی: ) (پٲدٲیِش رکی ڈیرل مچل، 24 مٔی 1956) چھُ اَکھ امریکی مُسلمان اِسکالر تہٕ برکلے، کیلیفورنیا منزٛ زیٹونا کالج شریک بانی۔  سُہ چھُ عربی، قانون۔ تٲریخ تہٕ اِسلامی روحانیاتس پؠٹھ کورس ہیٚچھناوان۔

== اِبتدایی زندگی ==

شاکر أوس 1956 مَنٛز برکلے، کیلیفورنیا مَنٛز رکی ڈیرل مچل سنٛدس ناوٕ سٟتؠ [[اَفرٛیٖقا|افریقی]] [[آیرِش لوٗکھ|آئرش۔]] تہٕ مُقٲمی امریکی نسل کِس أکس خاندانس مَنٛز پیدٕ گومت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;The 500 Most Influential Muslims&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Esposito|first=John|title=The 500 Most Influential Muslims|publisher=Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre|year=2009|isbn=978-9957-428-37-2|page=86}}&lt;/ref&gt; تیمہٕ سٟنٛد اِبتدٲیی وری گٲی نیو برطانیہ، کنیکٹیکٹ مَنٛز ہاؤسنگ پروجیکٹس مَنٛز گزٲر۔ تٔمؠ کوٚر 1977 مَنٛز یونایٹڈ سٹیٹس اییَر فورسس مَنٛز خدمات انجام دوان اِسلام قبول تہٕ امہٕ پتہٕ تھوٚو تٔمؠ پنن ناو تبدیل کٔرِتھ زاید سلیم شاکر۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Edward E p.239&quot; /&gt;

== نظارٕ ==

2010 ہس منزٛ آو زاید شاکر دیگر نو بااثر مُسلمان سکالرزن سٟتؠ یوٹیوب ویڈیو مَنٛز عسکریت پسند اسلامٕچ مذمت کران۔&lt;ref name=&quot;CNN&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=Tuesday's intriguing people|url=http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2010/08/03/tuesdays-intriguing-people-22/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100804023714/http://news.blogs.cnn.com/2010/08/03/tuesdays-intriguing-people-22/|archivedate=August 4, 2010|accessdate=October 23, 2011|journal=CNN|date=August 3, 2010|last=Sidney Harman}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NPR&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|title=New College Teaches Young American Muslims|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=129607436|accessdate=October 23, 2011|journal=NPR|date=September 8, 2010|last=Barbara Bradley Hagerty}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|last=Laurie Goodstein|title=American Muslims Make Video to Rebut Militants|date=July 31, 2010|journal=New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/01/us/01imams.html|accessdate=2018-07-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== تٲلیٖم ==

شاکرن کٔر واشنگٹن ڈی سی مَنٛز آمریکن یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز بین الاقوامی تعلقات مَنٛز بی اے حٲصل، تہٕ پتہٕ کٔرٕن روٹگرز یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز سیاسیاتس مَنٛز ایم اے حٲصل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;berkleycenter.georgetown.edu&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=|first=|title=Zaid Shakir|url=https://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/people/zaid-shakir|access-date=2024-03-21|website=berkleycenter.georgetown.edu|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; امہٕ پتہٕ گوٚو سُہ روایتی اِسلامی علوم مَنٛز پنٕنؠ تٲلیٖم حٲصل کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ [[شام (مُلک)|شام]]&lt;ref name=&quot;berkleycenter.georgetown.edu&quot; /&gt; ستن ورین [[شام (مُلک)|شام]] مَنٛز تہٕ مختصر طورس پؠٹھ [[مراکش]] مَنٛز، شاکرن کور پنن پان عربی، [[شَریٖعَت|اِسلامی قانون]] قرآن پاک کہٕ مطالعس، تہٕ شیخ عبد الراحمان الشاغوری تہٕ شیخ مصطفی الترکمانی ہی اِسلامی علماہن سٟتؠ روحٲنیت ہند شدید مطالعس مَنٛز ڈوبان۔ 2001 مَنٛز، أوس سُہ شامک ابو نور یوٗنِوَرسِٹی مَنٛز اسلامک ساینسز مَنٛز بی اے حٲصل کرن وول گۄڈنُیٛک امریکی مرد گریجویٹ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;berkleycenter.georgetown.edu&quot; /&gt;

==مزید وُچھو==
*[[نُوح ہا میم کیلر]]	
*[[رقیہ واریس مقصود]]		
*[[طارق رمضان]]		

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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    <title>شمسی علی</title>
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      <comment>[[وپ:باٹ|باٹ]] چھُ صَفَس زٲژ پؠٹھ کٲم کَران.</comment>
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'''شمسی علی''' (پیدٲیش '''محمد اٹینگ علی''') چھُ اَکھ ممتاز انڈونیشی اِسلامی اسکالر یس امریکہس مَنٛز ابراہمک مذہب درمیان بین المذابطہ مکالمن فروغ دینہٕ خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ چھُ یوان تہٕ مسجد الحکمہ ہنٛد چییَرمین تہٕ جمیکا، کوینز، [[نیویارک شَہَر|نیویارک شہر]] کس جمیکا مسلم سینٹرک ڈایریکٹر چھ۔

== اِبتدٲیی زندگی ==

علی زاو 5 اکتوبر 1967 ہس مَنٛز انڈونیشیا کِس جۆنوٗبی سولاویسی مَنٛز بٗلوکٗمبا ریجنسی کس کاجنگ ضِلہٕ کس بلوکمبا گامس مَنٛز '''محمد اٹینگ علی''' سنٛد ناوٕ سٟتؠ۔ سُہ چھ شیٚن شرؠن مَنٛز ترٛیٚیم (حالانٛکہ صرف ژوے بچہٕ بالغ گژھنس تام)۔ تیم سند مول موج ٲس کاشتک پس منظرک اَکھ جورٕ، علی کدرن (مول) تہٕ انونگ ٹپنگروم (مدر) ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;SOA&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Schneier|first=Marc|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tkfCGnh7sn0C&amp;q=Sons+of+Abraham|title=Sons of Abraham:A Candid Conversation about the Issues That Divide and Unite Jews and Muslims|last2=Ali|first2=Shamsi|date=17 September 2013|publisher=Beacon Press|isbn=978-08070-33074|edition=1|location=NY|format=hard}}&lt;/ref&gt;

تیم سنٛد مول موج ٲس نہٕ مذہبی، مگر تیٖم ٲس یژھان ز سُہ ہیچھ [[قُرآن|قرآن پاک]] پرنک طریقہٕ، توٲی ٲس تیم ''دارل ارقام'' اِسلامک بورڈنگ سکول سوزمت۔&lt;ref name=&quot;SOA&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Schneier|first=Marc|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tkfCGnh7sn0C&amp;q=Sons+of+Abraham|title=Sons of Abraham:A Candid Conversation about the Issues That Divide and Unite Jews and Muslims|last2=Ali|first2=Shamsi|date=17 September 2013|publisher=Beacon Press|isbn=978-08070-33074|edition=1|location=NY|format=hard}}&lt;/ref&gt; پننس بچپنس مَنٛز، اتینگ (یَتھ پٲنٹھ یہٕ وننہٕ أوس یوان) أوس باغی، سست تہٕ اکثر اوس شرارتک یوان وننہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;SOA&quot; /&gt; سُہ آو اکہ لٹہ مصطفی ناو کس طالبہ علمس مارنہٕ، أمؠ سٕنٛز ناک پھٹنس تہٕ ہسپتال سوزنہٕ کس الزامس مَنٛز حراستس مَنٛز ننہٕ۔ اَمہِ پتہٕ کوٚر مصطفی سٕنٛدؠ گرکو پولیس فون تہٕ تمو کوٚر سُہ گرفتار، حالانٛکہ سہ اوس نہٕ پوٗرٕ پٲٹھؠ مجرم۔ ٲخٕر کار آو اٹینگ دۄن ہفتن تام قٲد کرنہٕ۔ خوش قسمتی سان آو نہٕ یہِ واقعہٕ کنہ بورڈنگ سکولہٕ پؠٹھٕ کڑنہٕ۔

أمہ سنٛد ناو آو ''اتھنگ'' پیٚٹھٕ ''شمشی'' (اَکھ عربی لفظ ییٚمیک مطلب چھ سن) تبدیل کرنہٕ ییٚلہ سُہ تہٕ أمؠ سنٛد مول ''دارل ارقام'' سکولک ہیڈ ماسٹر، عبد الجبر اسیری سٟتؠ ملے۔ ہیڈ ماسٹرن دژ دلیل ز اسلامس مَنٛز چھُ ناو اَکھ نماز تہٕ اَتھ گژھ اصل معنی آسن، تہٕ أخٕرکار تھوون تٔمؠ پنن درمیانی ناو ''اتھنگ'' پؠٹھ ''شمشی'' امیدہٕ سٟتؠ ناو، اتینگ ہیٚکہ قابل تعریف ٲستھ (أمؠ سٕنٛد گۄڈنکس ناو پیٚٹھٕ) تہٕ ہیٚکہ روشن کٔرِتھ (أمؠ سٕنٛد درمیانی ناو پیٚٹھٕ، یَتھ کٔنؠ آفتاب چھ لکن ہٕنٛد دل دوان) ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=Rofiun|first=Irhamni|date=December 1, 2013|title=Terpana dengan Buku Imam Shamsi Ali: Menebar Dakwah di Bumi Barat|url=http://www.dakwatuna.com/2013/12/01/42945/terpana-dengan-buku-imam-shamsi-ali-menebar-dakwah-di-bumi-barat/#ixzz32NcNu1aZ|access-date=May 21, 2014|publisher=dakwatuna|language=id}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==بییہِ وُچھیو==
*[[باہ امام]]
*[[ژۆدہ معصوم]]
*[[علی ابن ابی طالب]]

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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'''ابراہیم موگرہ''' چھ لیسٹرک اَکھ امامہ تہٕ مِسلم کونسل آف برطانیہک سابق اسسٹنٹ سیکرٹری جنرل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|last=&lt;!--staff writer--&gt;|title=#RedWednesday: Sheikh Mogra from Muslim Council of Great Britain at Westminster Cathedral|url=https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/36090|access-date=2019-03-04|website=indcatholicnews.com|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ابِتدایی زندگی ==

موگرا أوس 1965 تھس مَنٛز گجراتی ہندوستٲنہ نَسٕل کِس أکس خانٛدانس مَنٛز زیٖنمٗت تہٕ گوٚو 18 وہر وٲنٛسہ مَنٛز تٲلیٖم حٲصل کرنہٕ تہٕ آباد گژھنہٕ باپتھ برطانیہ ہجرت۔ تٔمؠ کٔر دارل عالم بری ہولکومبے، گریٹر مانچسٹر الازہر یوٗنِوَرسِٹی قاہرہ تہٕ سکول آف اورینٹل اینڈ افریقن سٹڈیز، لندنس مَنٛز تٲلیٖم حٲصل۔ سہٕ چھُ لیسٹرس مَنٛز عربی تہٕ مُسلم لایف سٹڈیز کِس مدرسین خزینات اللمک بانی تہٕ پرنسپل۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Kabir|first=Nahid Afrose|title=Young British Muslims: Identity, Culture, Politics and the Media|url=https://archive.org/details/youngbritishmusl0000kabi|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|year=2010|isbn=978-0748641338|location=Edinburgh|pages=[https://archive.org/details/youngbritishmusl0000kabi/page/1 1]–2|chapter=Introduction: My research observations}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== پیشورانہٕ زِندگی ==

2000 مَنٛز، کور تم بی بی سی ریڈیو 2 کِس فیتھ ان دی نیشنس مَنٛز اہم مذہبی عقایدک درمیان موتچ جانچ مَنٛز حصہ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|first=Keith|last=Bince|title=Life, death, footie – and Phil Collins|date=21 October 2000|url=https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2000/oct/22/features.review107|journal=[[The Observer]]|accessdate=26 May 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ چھِ بی بی سی ون پؠٹھ براہ راست نشر گژھن وول اَکھ عقیدٕ تہٕ اخلاقیاتک ٹیلی وِجَن پروگرام دی بگ کویسشنس مَنٛز پینلسٹ۔

تٔمؠ چھُ ''دی گارڈین۔'' مَنٛز حصہٕ نیومت تہٕ اَتھ خٲطرٕ چھ لیکھان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Ibrahim Mogra|url=https://www.theguardian.com/profile/ibrahim-mogra|access-date=2019-03-04|website=The Guardian|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

2018 ہس مَنٛز کٕر موگرا ہن '21 فار 21' بین المذابطہ ایوارڈن خٲطرٕ ججنن ہندس پینلس مَنٛز کٲم، یوس دی جیوش نیوز، دی چرچ ٹایمز تہٕ برٹش مسلم ٹی وی ہند اَکھ باہمی تعاونک پروجیکٹ چھُ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Know a young interfaith ambassador?|url=https://www.churchtimes.co.uk/articles/2018/27-april/news/uk/know-a-young-interfaith-ambassador|access-date=2019-03-04|website=churchtimes.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=The value of difference: 21 young interfaith leaders are recognised|url=https://www.churchtimes.co.uk/articles/2018/16-november/news/uk/the-value-of-difference-21-young-interfaith-leaders-are-recognised|access-date=2019-03-04|website=churchtimes.co.uk}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==بییہِ وُچھیو==
*[[باہ امام]]
*[[ژۆدہ معصوم]]
*[[علی ابن ابی طالب]]


==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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'''ایسپرین''' یَتھ ایٹیلیسالیسلک ایسڈ تہِ ونان چھِ ('''اے ایس اے''') چھُ اَکھ دَوا یُس دگ، بخار۔ یا سوجن کم کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال چھُ یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHSF2016&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=June 6, 2016|title=Aspirin|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/aspirin.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425142242/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/aspirin.html|archive-date=25 April 2017|access-date=30 August 2016|website=Drugs.com|publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}&lt;/ref&gt; خاص سوجنہٕ وٲلؠ حالات یمن ہنٛد یَلاج کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ ایسپرین چھ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ تمن مَنٛز چھ کاواساکی بیمٲر، پیریکارڈایٹس تہٕ ریوماٹویڈ بخار شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHSF2016&quot; /&gt; [[دِلُک دورٕ|ہارٹ اٹیک]] گژھنہٕ پتہٕ دنہٕ ینہٕ واجؠن ایسپرینن چھُ مرنک خطرٕ کم گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHSF2016&quot; /&gt; ایسپرین چھُ واریاہ کالہٕ خٲطرٕ دل کہ حمل، اسکیمک سٹروک تہٕ خونک جمنٕ روکنس مَنٛز تہِ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHSF2016&quot; /&gt; یہِ ہیٚکہ [[کَنسَر|کینسر]] ہٕنٛدؠ کیٚنٛہہ قٕسم، خاص طور کولورکٹل کینسر خطرٕ تہٕ کم کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Patrignani P, Patrono C|date=August 2016|title=Aspirin and Cancer|journal=Journal of the American College of Cardiology|volume=68|issue=9|pages=967–76|doi=10.1016/j.jacc.2016.05.083|pmid=27561771|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; دگ یا بخارک اثر چھُ عام طور 30 منٹن مَنٛز شۆروٗع گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHSF2016&quot; /&gt; ایسپرین چھُ اَکھ غٲر سٹیرایڈیل اینٹی سوزش دَوا (NSAID) تہٕ چھ باقین NSAIDs پٲٹھؠ کٲم کران مگر پلیٹلیٹس ہنٛد معمولچ کٲم تہٕ چھُ دباوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHSF2016&quot; /&gt;

اَکھ عام ضمنی اثر چھُ میادٕ خراب گژھن۔ &lt;ref name=&quot;AHSF20162&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=June 6, 2016|title=Aspirin|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/aspirin.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425142242/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/aspirin.html|archive-date=25 April 2017|access-date=30 August 2016|website=Drugs.com|publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}&lt;/ref&gt; زیٛادٕ اہم ضمنی اثرات مَنٛز چھ معدٕک السر، معدٕک خون، تہٕ دمہ خراب گژھن شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHSF20162&quot; /&gt; خون بہنک خطرٕ چھ تمن لوکن مَنٛز زیٛادٕ آسان یم بوڑٕ چھ، شراب۔ چھ پیان، باقی NSAIDs چھ نوان، یا خون پتلا کرن والن پؠٹھ چھ آسان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHSF20162&quot; /&gt; حملٕ کس ٲخری حصس مَنٛز چھنہٕ ایسپرین تجویز یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHSF20162&quot; /&gt; یہِ چھنہٕ عام طور پٲٹھؠ انفیکشن۔ وٲلؠ شرؠن مَنٛز ریے سنڈروم کہ خطرٕ کنہ تجویز کرنہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHSF20162&quot; /&gt; زیٛادٕ خوراکک نتیجہٕ ہیٚکہ کنن مَنٛز بجنٕچ آواز پٲدٕ کٔرِتھ۔ &lt;ref name=&quot;AHSF20162&quot; /&gt;

ویلو کلؠ ہنٛد پتن مَنٛز لبنہٕ ینہٕ وول ایسپرینک پیش خیمہ چھ کم از کم 2,400 ؤرین تام صحت کس اثرات خاطرٕ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Jon2015&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Jones|first=Alan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ubE0ILq_aDQC&amp;pg=PA6|title=Chemistry: An Introduction for Medical and Health Sciences|date=2015|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|isbn=978-0-470-09290-3|pages=5–6}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Ravina|first=Enrique|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iDNy0XxGqT8C&amp;pg=PA24|title=The Evolution of Drug Discovery: From Traditional Medicines to Modern Drugs|date=2011|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|isbn=978-3-527-32669-3|page=24|access-date=7 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210221175713/https://books.google.com/books?id=iDNy0XxGqT8C&amp;pg=PA24|archive-date=21 February 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 1853 مَنٛز، کیمسٹ چارلس فریڈرک گیرہارٹ کوٚر ایسٹییَل کلورایڈس سٟتؠ دَوا سوڈیم سیلیسایلیٹک یَلاج تاکہ گۄڈنُیٛک لٹہٕ ییہٕ ایسٹیلیسالیسکل ایسڈ تیار کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Jeffreys2008&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Jeffreys|first=Diarmuid|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a9gkBwAAQBAJ|title=Aspirin the remarkable story of a wonder drug.|date=2008|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA|isbn=978-1-59691-816-0|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908213430/https://books.google.com/books?id=a9gkBwAAQBAJ|archive-date=8 September 2017|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}{{rp|46–48}}&lt;/ref&gt; ینہٕ والن پنژہن ورین خٲطرٕ، باقی کیمسٹو کوٚر کیمیایی ڈھانچہٕ قٲیم تہٕ کرن مزید موثر پیداوارک طریقہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Jeffreys2008&quot; /&gt;1897 مَنٛز، بایر کمپنی ہنٛد ساینسدانو کوٛر عام سیلیسلیٹ دواییٖن خاطرٕ کم پریشان کن متبادل دواہ کس طورس پؠٹھ ایسیٹیلسیلیسک ایسڈک مطالعہ شۆروٗع۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Jeffreys2008&quot; /&gt;1899 تام، اوس بایرن اَتھ &quot;ایسپرین&quot; ناو دیتمت تہٕ یہٕ کوٚرن پورٕ دُنؠ‌یاہس مَنٛز۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Distillations&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|last1=Dick|first1=Brian|title=Hard Work and Happenstance|url=https://www.sciencehistory.org/distillations/magazine/hard-work-and-happenstance|magazine=Distillations|publisher=[[Science History Institute]]|date=2018|volume=4|issue=1|pages=44–45|access-date=July 11, 2018|archive-date=12 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112004054/https://www.sciencehistory.org/distillations/magazine/hard-work-and-happenstance|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;MannPlummer1991&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Mann|first=Charles C.|url=https://archive.org/details/aspirinwarsmoney1991mann/page/27|title=The aspirin wars : money, medicine, and 100 years of rampant competition|last2=Plummer|first2=Mark L.|date=1991|publisher=Knopf|isbn=978-0-394-57894-1|edition=1st|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/aspirinwarsmoney1991mann/page/27 27]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ویہمہٕ صدی کس گوڈنکس نصفس دوران بڑھی ایسپرینچ مقبولیت یمہٕ سٟتؠ واریہن برانڈز تہٕ فارمولیشنن درمیان اوس مقابلہٕ گژھان۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ACS&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Aspirin|url=http://pubs.acs.org/cen/coverstory/83/8325/8325aspirin.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011091220/http://pubs.acs.org/cen/coverstory/83/8325/8325aspirin.html|archive-date=11 October 2008|access-date=2007-08-13|website=Chemical &amp; Engineering News}}&lt;/ref&gt; لفظ ''ایسپرین'' اوس بایرک برانڈ ناو تاہم، ٹریڈ مارک حق آیٔیہٕ واریہن ملکن مَنٛز غٲرمٕژ یا کٕننہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ACS&quot; /&gt;

ایسپرین چھُ عالمی سطحس پؠٹھ سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ اِستِمال گژھن وألن دواہن مَنٛز اَکھ، یَتھ مَنٛز تَقریٖبَن 44000 ٹن چھ پریتھ ؤری اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Jon20152&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Jones|first=Alan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ubE0ILq_aDQC&amp;pg=PA6|title=Chemistry: An Introduction for Medical and Health Sciences|date=2015|publisher=John Wiley &amp; Sons|isbn=978-0-470-09290-3|pages=5–6}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;COX2002&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|vauthors=Warner TD, Mitchell JA|date=October 2002|title=Cyclooxygenase-3 (COX-3): filling in the gaps toward a COX continuum?|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America|volume=99|issue=21|pages=13371–3|bibcode=2002PNAS...9913371W|doi=10.1073/pnas.222543099|pmc=129677|pmid=12374850}}&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھ ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنایزیشنس (ڈبلیو ایچ او) ضۆروٗری ادویاتک فہرستس مَنٛز شٲمل۔&lt;ref name=&quot;WHO21st&quot;&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|title=World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|publisher=World Health Organization|year=2019|location=Geneva|hdl=10665/325771|id=WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO|author-link=World Health Organization|hdl-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2014 ہس تام، ترقی پذیر دُنؠ‌یا مَنٛز چھ تھوک قٟمَتھ امریکی ڈالر 0.002 پؠٹھ امریکی ڈالر &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Acetylsalicylic Acid|url=http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=3&amp;searchYear=2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122072358/http://mshpriceguide.org/en/single-drug-information/?DMFId=3&amp;searchYear=2014|archive-date=22 January 2018|access-date=30 August 2016|website=International Drug Price Indicator Guide}}&lt;/ref&gt;2015 ہس تام، ریاستہاے متحدہس مَنٛز چھ ادویاتک اَکھ عام رؠتک خرچہٕ امریکی ڈالر &lt;ref name=&quot;Ric2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Hamilton|first1=Richart|title=Tarascon pocket pharmacopoeia|url=https://archive.org/details/tarasconpocketph0000rich_k8v5|date=2015|publisher=Jones &amp; Bartlett Learning|isbn=978-1-284-05756-0|edition=2015 deluxe lab-coat|page=[https://archive.org/details/tarasconpocketph0000rich_k8v5/page/5 5]}}&lt;/ref&gt;یہِ چھ عام دَوا۔ کس طورس پیٚٹھ دستیاب۔&lt;ref name=&quot;AHSF20163&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=June 6, 2016|title=Aspirin|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/aspirin.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425142242/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/aspirin.html|archive-date=25 April 2017|access-date=30 August 2016|website=Drugs.com|publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2017 مَنٛز، اوس یہِ ریاستہاے متحدس مَنٛز 42 ہم سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ عام طور پٲنٹھ تجویز کرنہٕ آمت دَوا، یَتھ مَنٛز 17 ملین کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ نسخہٕ ٲس آمت دینہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;ref&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=The Top 300 of 2020|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318234059/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx|archive-date=18 March 2020|access-date=11 April 2020|website=ClinCalc}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ref1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Aspirin - Drug Usage Statistics|url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Aspirin|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020063723/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Aspirin|archive-date=20 October 2020|access-date=11 April 2020|website=ClinCalc}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{nbsp}}

== حَوالہٕ ==
{{حَوالہٕ}}

[[زٲژ:دَوا]]</text>
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    <title>2024 جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر قونوٗن ساز ایٚسمبلی چُناو</title>
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      <text bytes="2316" sha1="llfy4v6rm7td4srn42nwu324kk2gt1d" xml:space="preserve">{{For|لوک سبھا چُناو خٲطرٕ|2024 ہِندوستٲنؠ عام چُناو جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر مَنٛز}}{{Infobox election}}
'''جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر قونوٗن ساز ایٚسمبلی''' ہٕنٛدِ 90 ارکانن ہُنٛد چُناو کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ آیہِ جموں و کشمیرَس مَنٛز 18 سَتَمبَر پؠٹھٕ 1 اکتوبر 2024 تام 3 مرحلَن مَنٛز قونوٗن ساز اسمبلی ہٕنٛدِ اِنتِخابات مُنعقد کرنہٕ۔ اِنتِخابن ہِنٛدِ نٔتیٖجہِ ہُنٛد اعلان آو 8 اکتوبر 2024 کرنہٕ۔ اِنتِخابس مَنٛز زینہِ اِنتِخابس مَنٛز اِنتِخابَن ہٕنٛز اکثریت حٲصِل، یِمَن خٲطرٕ اِنتِخابات گٔیہِ 90 ہَو مَنٛز 49 سیٖٹہٕ زیٖنِمٕژ، یَتھ مَنٛز [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر قومی کانفرٛنٕس|جموں و کشمیر نیشنل کانفرنسَن]] (جے کے این سی) زیٖنہِ سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زِیٛادٕ سیٹہٕ۔ [[بھارتی جَنتا پارٹی|بھارتیہ جنتا پارٹی]] (بی جے پی) زینہِ دٔیِم سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ سیٖٹہٕ تہٕ مَقبوٗل ووٹَن ہُنٛد سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ بوٚڑ حِصہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=27 September 2024|title=Access Asia – Jammu and Kashmir elections: Diplomats in, foreign journalists stay out|url=https://www.france24.com/en/tv-shows/access-asia/20240927-jammu-and-kashmir-elections-diplomats-in-foreign-journalists-stay-out|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001010307/https://www.france24.com/en/tv-shows/access-asia/20240927-jammu-and-kashmir-elections-diplomats-in-foreign-journalists-stay-out|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=1 October 2024|publisher=France 24|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر قومی کانفرٛنٕس|جے کے این سی]] یُک [[عمر عبداللہ]] ہَن تُل 16 اکتوبر مركزی زیر انتظام علاقُک گۄڈنُیٛک [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہُنٛد ؤزیٖر اعلیٰ|وزیر اعلیٰ]] سٕنٛدِ حثیتہٕ حلف۔

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہِنٛدؠ چُناو]]</text>
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'''سیسل ہیو ٹنڈیل-بسکو''' {{Small|اے ایم ایف}} {{Small|اے اے}} (زامُت: 16 اکتوبر 1929 [[سِریٖنَگَر]]، [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (شاہزٲدؠ رِیاسَتھ)|کٔشیٖر]]) چھُ اَکھ آسٹریلوی [[حیوان عٔلِم|پۆش زٲنؠ‌کار]]۔&lt;ref name=&quot;EAS&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title=Tyndale-Biscoe, Cecil Hugh (Hugh)|url=http://www.eoas.info/biogs/P003520b.htm|access-date=2024-02-06|website=Encyclopedia of Australian Science|language=en-gb}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ اوس 1978 پیٹھٕ 1992 تام سی ایس آیی آر او ڈِویجَن آف وایلڈ لایف اینڈ رینج لینڈز ریسرچُک چیف ریسرچ ساینس دان۔

== یَنام ==

* کلارک میڈل (1974) 
* آسٹریلین ایٚکیڈمی آف ساینسُک فیلو (1986) 
* ممبر آف دی آرڈر آف آسٹریلیا (AM) (آسٹریلیا ڈے 2018 آنرز لسٹ)

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:1929 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:آسٹریلی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:زِنٛدٕ لوٗکھ]]</text>
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        <id>8158</id>
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      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
      <origin>147414</origin>
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      <text bytes="1492" sha1="4fkwu9k236iegth55i90osdr0as905w" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox chembox}}
پوٹیشیم کلورایڈ (KCl، یا پوٹاشیم نوٗن) چھُ اَکھ داتوٗ ہیلایڈ نوٗن یُس [[پوٹیشیم]] تہٕ [[کلوریٖن]]  پؠٹھ مشتمل چھُ۔ یہِ چھُ مُشکہٕ رۆس آسان تہٕ یہِ چھُ سفید یا بے رنگ شیشہٕ دار کرسٹل شکلہِ آسان۔ ٹھوس چھُ آسٲنی سان آبس مَنٛز گلان، تہٕ امِکؠ محلولَس چھُ نوٗنہٕ ہیوٗ مَزٕ آسان۔ پوٹیشیم کلورایڈ ہیکو قدیم خشک [[سَر|سر]] ذخیرٕ سٟتؠ حٲصل کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Descriptive inorganic chemistry|url=https://archive.org/details/descriptiveinorg0006rayn|vauthors=Rayner-Canham G, Overton T|date=22 December 2013|publisher=W. H. Freeman|isbn=978-1-4641-2557-7|edition=Sixth|location=New York, NY|oclc=882867766}}&lt;/ref&gt; KCl چھُ [[سوڈیم کلورایڈ|ٹیبل نونہٕ]] (NaCl) خٲطرٕ نونک متبادل کس طورس پؠٹھ، کھادٕ کس طورس پؠٹھ، بطور دَوا، ساینسی استعمالن مَنٛز، گھریلو آبہٕ نرم کرن والن (سوڈیم کلورایڈ نوٗنک متبادل کس طورس پؠٹھ)، فیڈ سٹاک کس طورس پؠٹھ، تہٕ فوڈ پروسیسنگس مَنٛز اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ، ییٚتہ اَتھ E نمبر اضٲفی E508 وننہٕ چھ یوان۔

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:رساێن سمُت]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>رَمیٚسِس ترٛیٚیِم</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>31371</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147490</id>
      <parentid>144015</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-03T22:33:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>8158</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
      <origin>147490</origin>
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      <text bytes="1193" sha1="nj5lf9xf76e4h1gqobifu3l4zhoo2fv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person ca/catalan|lloc_defuncio=نامولوٗم}}

'''رَمیٚسِس III''' اوس [[قدیٖم مِصر|قدیم مصرس]] مَنٛز وُہمہِ خاندانُک دویم [[فِرعوٗن]]۔ خیال چھُ یوان کرنہٕ زِ تٔمؠ کٔر 26 مارٕچ 1186 پؠٹھ 15 اپریل 1155 [[مسیٖح برٛونٛہہ]] تام حکومت تہٕ سُہ چھُ مصرس پؠٹھ کینٛہہ خاص اختیار حٲصل کرن وٲلؠ مصرچ جدید سلطنتک ٲخری عظیم بادشاہ سمجنہٕ یِوان۔ 

تٔمؠ سٕنٛدس زیٹھ  دورِ حکومتس مَنٛز آو مِصری سیٲسی تہٕ معاشی طاقتُک زوال وچھنہٕ، یُس حملن تہٕ اَنٛدروٗنی اقتصٲدی مسٲیلن ہٕنٛدس سلسلس سٟتؠ وابستہٕ اوس یم أمس برٛونٛٹھ فرعونن تہٕ پریشان ٲسؠ‌۔ یہٕ گو قدیم مصر کس ثقافتی دٲیرس مَنٛز زوالس سٟتؠ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Robins|first1=Gay|title=The Art of Ancient Egypt|url=https://archive.org/details/artofancientegyp0000robi|date=1997}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:مِصری فِرعوٗن]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>1989 تیانانمین چوکُک احتِجاج تہٕ قتلِ عام</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>31649</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147389</id>
      <parentid>145298</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-03T20:48:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>8158</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
      <origin>147389</origin>
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      <text bytes="4220" sha1="o4vgfp79tddn7ag0o8xvhxat2uuwu70" xml:space="preserve">{{مولوٗماتھ
| bgcolor = #cdeeff
| customheader1 = جَمٲژٕ
| data1a = {{bullet list
|[[فَیِل:Flag of the Chinese Communist Party.svg|30px]] [[چیٖنی کمیٛوٗنِسٹ پارٹی]]
|{{flagicon|China}} [[چیٖنی سرکار]]
}}
| data1b = {{bullet list
|بیٖجِنٛگ سُٹوڈینٹس آٹونومس فیڈریشن
|بیٖجِنٛگ ورکرس آٹونومس فیڈریشن 
}}
| تَصویٖر = Null.png
| تَصویٖر_تَفصیٖل = {{Photomontage
| photo1a                 = Události na náměstí Tian an men, Čína 1989, foto Jiří Tondl.jpg
| photo2a                 = Chinese tanks in Beijing, July 1989.png
| photo2b                 = Beijing june 1989 Zhongguancun street.jpg
| photo3a                 = 蒲志強19890510.jpg
| photo3b                 = 声援六四学生运动的横幅.jpg
| photo4a                 =
| photo4b                 =
| spacing                 = 1
| position                = center
| color_border            = white
| color                   = white
| size                    = 300
| foot_montage            = 
}}
}}
طٲلبہِ علمَن تہٕ کارکُنَن ہٕنٛدِس قیادتس مَنٛز احتِجاج، یُس [[چیٖن|چیٖنَس]] مَنٛز '''ژوٗرِم جوٗن واقعہٕ''' ناوٕ سٟتؠ زاننہٕ چھُ یِوان، 15 اپریل پؠٹھٕ 4 جوٗن 1989 تام [[بیٖجنٛگ]] کِس [[تیانانمین چوک|تیانانمین چوکس]] مَنٛز منعقد کرنہٕ۔ مُظٲہرینَن تہٕ چیٖنی حکومتَس درمیان پُر امن حل ژھانڈنہٕ باپتھ ہفتَن ہٕنٛزِ ناکام کوٗشِشہِ پتہٕ کوٚر چینی حکومتَن میی کِس ٲخرَس مَنٛز مارشل لا شۆروٗع تہٕ 3 جوٗن چہِ رٲژ کٔرٕکھ چوکَس پؠٹھ قبضہٕ کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ فوج تعینات یَتھ '''تیانانمین چوک قَتٕل''' عام ونان چھِ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Lin-2006&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|last=Lin|first=Chun|title=The Transformation of Chinese Socialism|url=https://archive.org/details/transformationof0000linc|date=2006|publisher=[[Duke University Press]]|isbn=978-0822337850|location=Durham [N.C.]|pages=[https://archive.org/details/transformationof0000linc/page/211 211]|doi=10.2307/j.ctv113199n|jstor=j.ctv113199n|oclc=63178961}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==وجہ تہٕ مقصد==

اپریل 1989 مَنٛز اصلاح پسند سیٲسی رہنما [[ہو یاوبانٛگ]] سٕنٛدِ مرنہٕ پتہٕ گٔیہٕ مُظٲہِرین جمہوری اصلاحات، اظہارِ راے ہٕنٛزآزٲدی، پریس ہٕنٛز آزٲدی، سیٲسی جوابدہی تہٕ افراط زر تہٕ رُشوَت خوری نِش اقتصٲدی ریلیفُک مُطالبہٕ کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ جمع۔

میی کِس مَنٛزس مَنٛز گٔیہِ تقریبن دَہ لَچھ لُکھ تیاننمین سکوایرَس مَنٛز جمع ، بٔڑِس پیمانَس پؠٹھ فاقہٕ ہڑتالَو سٟتؠ 400 چینی شہرَن مَنٛز یِتھی احتجاجَن ہٕنٛز ترغیب دِنہٕ۔

==مارشل لا==

چینی حکومتن کوٚر 20 میی مارشل لا ہُک اعلان تہٕ لچھِ بٔدؠ فوجی جمع کٔرؠ‌، یِم گۄڈٕ پُر امن شہری مزاحمتہٕ سٟتؠ رُکاونہٕ آیہ۔

==کرٛیک ڈاؤن==

3 جوٗن چہِ رٲژ پؠٹھٕ 4 جوٗن صُبحَس تام گوٚو فوجی فوج علاقہٕ صاف کرنہٕ باپتھ مسلح فوج تہٕ ٹینکَو سٟتؠ زبردستی مَنٛز بیجنگس مَنٛز دٲخٕل، ییٚمہِ کِس نٔتیٖجس مَنٛز شدید تشدُد، خاص پٲٹھؠ چانگان ایونیوَس سٟتؠ۔

==ہلاکتہٕ تہٕ اثر==
 
مرنَن ہُنٛد تخمینہٕ چھُ ہتہٕ بٔدؠ پؠٹھٕ ساسہٕ بٔدؠ زخمی۔ اَمہِ پتہٕ گٔیہٕ بٔڑِس پیمانَس پؠٹھ گِرِفتٲرِی، سیٲسی صفایی، غٲر مُلکی اقتصٲدی پابٔنٛدی، تہٕ اَتھ تقریبس أنٛدؠ پٔکؠ سخٕت ریاستی سنسرشپ۔

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:1989 واقعات]]
[[زٲژ:چیٖن]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ریمِنٛگٹن ماڈَل 1100</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>31745</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147510</id>
      <parentid>145738</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-03T22:52:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>8158</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add 1 book for [[ویکیپیڈیا: تصدیٖقیت]] (20260803)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]]</comment>
      <origin>147510</origin>
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      <text bytes="2225" sha1="kjkge1k85frc2fhhwx9ajvgdj3al891" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox weapon|variants=&lt;!-- General specifications --&gt;|operadors=ؤچھِو [[ریمِنٛگٹن ماڈَل 1100#اِستِمال کرن وٲلؠ|اِستِمال کرن وٲلؠ]]}}
'''ریمِنٛگٹن ماڈَل 1100''' چھُ گیسَس سٟتؠ چلاونہٕ یِنہٕ وول اڈٕ خۄدکار شاٹگن یُس 1963 مَنٛز ریمنگٹن آرمس مُتعارف کرنوو۔

== اِستِمال کرن وٲلؠ ==
[[فَیِل:Remington_Model_1100_Users.png|thumb|تِمَن مُلکَن ہُنٛد اکھ نقشہٕ یِم ریمنگٹن ماڈل 1100 نیٖلِس رنگس منٛز استعمال کران چھِ۔]]&lt;!--READ FIRST: This section is for cited entries only. Please do not add entries into this list without a citation from a reliable source. All entries without a citation will be removed.--&gt;

* {{Flag|آسٹرٛیلیٛا}}&lt;ref name=&quot;mcmanners20032&quot;&gt;McManners, Hugh (2003). ''Ultimate Special Forces''. DK Publishing, Inc. {{ISBN|0-7894-9973-8}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Flag|بینیٖن }}&lt;ref name=&quot;mcmanners20032&quot; /&gt;
* {{Flag|اِنٛڈونیشِیا}}
* {{Flag|ملیشیا }}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Thompson, Leroy|date=December 2008|title=Malaysian Special Forces|url=http://www.tactical-life.com/online/special-weapons/malaysian-special-forces|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402013858/http://www.tactical-life.com/online/special-weapons/malaysian-special-forces/|archive-date=2012-04-02|access-date=2010-02-10|publisher=Special Weapons}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Flag|مالٹا}}&lt;ref name=&quot;mcmanners20032&quot; /&gt;
* {{Flag|نیوزی لینٛڈ}}&lt;ref name=&quot;mcmanners20032&quot; /&gt;
* {{Flag|پَنامَہ }}&lt;ref name=&quot;mcmanners20032&quot; /&gt;
* {{Flag|تھایلینٛڈ}}&lt;ref name=&quot;mcmanners20032&quot; /&gt;
* {{Flag|اَمریٖکہ}}&lt;ref name=&quot;mcmanners20032&quot; /&gt;
** [[لاس اینٛجلِس پُلیٖس ڈِپارٹمینٛٹ]] 20 inch barrel, LAPD SWAT team&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Grennell|first=Dean|title=Law Enforcement Handgun Digest|url=https://archive.org/details/lawenforcementha0000gren|date=1980|publisher=DBI Books Inc|isbn=0-695-80646-7|location=|page=[https://archive.org/details/lawenforcementha0000gren/page/105 105]|author-link=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:بندوٗق]]</text>
      <sha1>kjkge1k85frc2fhhwx9ajvgdj3al891</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>رُکُن:Nadeemulhaqmir-bot/log/2026/8</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>32004</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147374</id>
      <parentid>147124</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-03T18:01:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Nadeemulhaqmir-bot</username>
        <id>9480</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>باٹ چھُ اَز دۄہُک لاگ مَحفوٗظ کَران.</comment>
      <origin>147374</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="22841" sha1="fr8t64wcnsxip41b7z2egc2d1pyhip2" xml:space="preserve">
==1-8-2026==

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# &lt;nowiki&gt; جولائی &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;جُلَے&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سۭتۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ستمبر &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سَتَمبَر&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; شروع &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;شۆروٗع&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; گوڑنک &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;گۄڈنُیٛک&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[ڈیٚلٹا اِیَر لاینز]] - ([[Special:Diff/146880|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پٮ۪ٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پیٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سۭتۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; شروع &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;شۆروٗع&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ٮ۪ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[شیطٲنِیَتھ]] - ([[Special:Diff/146881|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; تِہ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;تہِ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; نِہ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;نہِ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[حٔقیٖقی عیسٲے کلیسا]] - ([[Special:Diff/146882|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; انسان &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اِنسان&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; تٕہ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;تہٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سٕنز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سُند &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سُنٛد&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سٕندؠ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟنٛدؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۅ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ۄ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ێ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یٚ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چُھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھُ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; مِہ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مہِ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[سروانَنٛد کول پرٛیمی]] - ([[Special:Diff/146883|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۅ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ۄ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; تُھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;تھُ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[ترَٛکھ]] - ([[Special:Diff/146884|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پیٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چِھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھِ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چُھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھُ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سۭتۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; مدد &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَدَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[تھر کۆنٛڈ]] - ([[Special:Diff/146885|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; زیادٕ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;زیٛادٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ساروی &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سارِوٕے&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; کھوتہٕ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;کھۄتہٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ہنز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ہِنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ہُند &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ہُنٛد&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; م. &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;م۔&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[تھایرایِڈ]] - ([[Special:Diff/146886|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ن. &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ن۔&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[آرڈر آف آسٹرٛیلیا]] - ([[Special:Diff/146887|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پیٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; کرتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;کٔرِتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[پوٗتنا]] - ([[Special:Diff/146888|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سٕتؠ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سۭتۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ٕ. &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ٕ۔&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[نِرمل پُرجا]] - ([[Special:Diff/146889|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اگست &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَگَست&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پٮ۪ٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پیٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; جولائی &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;جُلَے&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سۭتۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; فلم &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;فِلِم&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; گۄڈٕنیُک &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;گۄڈنُیٛک&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; میٹر &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;میٖٹَر&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یونیورسٹی &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یوٗنِوَرسِٹی&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ٮ۪ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[2026 موروکو-سپین سرحدی واقعہٕ]] - ([[Special:Diff/146890|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اً &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ن&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پٮ۪ٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پیٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; جولائی &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;جُلَے&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چِھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھِ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چُھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھُ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; زیادٕ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;زیٛادٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; شہر &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;شَہَر&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ؤ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;و&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۭ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ٟ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ٮ۪ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[آزاد کٔشیٖر ہِنٛز تَوٲریٖخ]] - ([[Special:Diff/146891|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; آئین &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ٲییٖن&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; دعویٰ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;دعوا&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سۭتہِ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتہِ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; لِہ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;لہِ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[شاردا دٔرؠ‌یاو]] - ([[Special:Diff/146892|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اً &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ن&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; میل &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;میٖل&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ٮ۪ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[رشمور پہاڑ]] - ([[Special:Diff/146893|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پیٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چِھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھِ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چُھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھُ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[ٹایٹینِک (1997 فلم)]] - ([[Special:Diff/146894|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; فلم &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;فِلِم&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئی &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئی&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==2-8-2026==

==== [[شؠشتٕر کال]] - ([[Special:Diff/147112|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چُھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھُ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سۭتۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; شروع &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;شۆروٗع&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[روٗسٕچ معشیت]] - ([[Special:Diff/147113|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پیٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چِھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھِ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چُھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھُ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ساروی &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سارِوٕے&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; کھوتہٕ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;کھۄتہٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئے &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئے&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[ایشیا]] - ([[Special:Diff/147114|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; دنیاہُک &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;دُنؠ‌یاہُک&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[انٹارکٹِکا]] - ([[Special:Diff/147115|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[کاینأتؠ گرٕد]] - ([[Special:Diff/147116|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[ایم وی ہونٛڈِیَس]] - ([[Special:Diff/147117|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; دُنیاہَس &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;دُنؠ‌یاہَس&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[ایم وی ہونٛڈِیَس ہَنتا وایرس]] - ([[Special:Diff/147118|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[نِرمل پُرجا]] - ([[Special:Diff/147119|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اگست &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَگَست&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; جولائی &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;جُلَے&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; دنیاہٕکؠ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;دُنؠ‌یاہٕکؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سۭتۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[شیٖنہٕ مٲنؠ]] - ([[Special:Diff/147120|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[کیمونو]] - ([[Special:Diff/147121|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پیٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چِھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھِ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چُھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھُ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; زیادٕ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;زیٛادٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; شروع &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;شۆروٗع&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر مَنٛز جُلوٗس پؠٹھ قوبوٗ]] - ([[Special:Diff/147122|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اً &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ن&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; استعمال &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اِستِمال&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اِستعمال &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اِستِمال&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اگست &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَگَست&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; انسانی &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اِنسٲنی&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; بیاکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;بیٛاکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پٮ۪ٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پیٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پٮ۪ٹھٕ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; تنقید &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;تَنقیٖد&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; تہ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;تہٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; جولائی &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;جُلَے&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چُھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھُ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; خلاف &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;خَلاف&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; زیادٕ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;زیٛادٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سٕتؠ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سۭتۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ستمبر &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سَتَمبَر&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; شُروٗع &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;شۆروٗع&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; شروع &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;شۆروٗع&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; قتل &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;قَتٕل&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; کھوتہٕ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;کھۄتہٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; گۄڈٕنیُک &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;گۄڈنُیٛک&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; گھرٕ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;گرٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; مدد &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَدَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; مخالف &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مُخٲلِف&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ۍ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئے &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئے&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ٮ۪ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ؠ مٕتؠ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ‌مٕتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[ایکس ایکس ایکس ٹیٚنٛٹیشَن]] - ([[Special:Diff/147123|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سٕتؠ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==3-8-2026==

==== [[جاپٲنؠ لوٗکھ]] - ([[Special:Diff/147363|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; دنیاہس &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;دُنؠ‌یاہس&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[ہان کانٛگ]] - ([[Special:Diff/147364|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[ردولہٕ]] - ([[Special:Diff/147365|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سٕتؠ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ساروی &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سارِوٕے&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; کھوتہٕ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;کھۄتہٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ر. &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ر۔&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[کووِڈ-19 عالمی وبا]] - ([[Special:Diff/147366|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; جنوری &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;جَنؤری&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; جولائی &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;جُلَے&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; دسمبر &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;دَسَمبَر&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; دُنیاہَس &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;دُنؠ‌یاہَس&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سۭتۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; شروع &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;شۆروٗع&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ہُند &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ہُنٛد&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یہ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یہِ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ٮ۪ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[اَوَستٲیی زَبان]] - ([[Special:Diff/147367|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چُھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھُ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ن. &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ن۔&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# [[وِکیٖپیٖڈیا:حَوالہٕ|حَوالہٕ]] وَرٲے مَضموٗن ٹیگ کَران
==== [[زرتشیت]] - ([[Special:Diff/147368|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; دنیاہک &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;دُنؠ‌یاہک&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[پھِرٲرؠ]] - ([[Special:Diff/147369|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; استعمال &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اِستِمال&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; جنوب &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;جۆنوٗب&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; دنیاہس &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;دُنؠ‌یاہس&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سۭتۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ہ. &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ہ۔&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[شیش]] - ([[Special:Diff/147370|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; استعمال &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اِستِمال&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; انواع &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;زٲژ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پیٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; تقریبا &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;تَقریٖبَن&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; تہ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;تہٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ==حوالہٕ== &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;== حَوالہٕ ==&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; زیادٕ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;زیٛادٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سۭتۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; کٔرتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;کٔرِتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; کرتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;کٔرِتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; کھوتہٕ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;کھۄتہٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; محفوظ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مۄحفوٗظ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ۍ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[ڈوروتھی ایڈی]] - ([[Special:Diff/147371|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; اکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;اَکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; بیاکھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;بیٛاکھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پیٹھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; پٮ۪ٹھٕ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;پؠٹھٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ٹیلی ویژن &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ٹیلی وِجَن&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; جنوری &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;جَنؤری&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چِھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھِ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; چُھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;چھُ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; دنیاہس &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;دُنؠ‌یاہس&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سۭتۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ساروی &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سارِوٕے&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; کھوتہٕ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;کھۄتہٕ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; گھرس &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;گرس&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; منٛز &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مَنٛز&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; وقت &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;وَقٕت&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۅ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ۄ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; یتھ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;یَتھ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ۍ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئی &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئی&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ئ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ئ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ٮ۪ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;ؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[سانٛگُر]] - ([[Special:Diff/147372|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; ==حوالہٕ== &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;== حَوالہٕ ==&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# &lt;nowiki&gt; محفوظ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;مۄحفوٗظ&lt;/nowiki&gt;
==== [[روٗسٕچ معشیت]] - ([[Special:Diff/147373|فَرَق]]) ====
# &lt;nowiki&gt; سٕتؠ &lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;b&gt; -&gt; &lt;/b&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;سٟتؠ&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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[[روٗس]] چھِ اَکھ ترقی پذیر مارکیٹس پؠٹھ مبنی مخلوط معیشت یس تھٔز آمدنی تہٕ انتہٲیی صنعتی سمجھنہٕ یوان چھِ۔ اَتھ چھِ براے ناو جی ڈی پی کہِ لحاظہٕ دنیاہٕچ نٔوِم سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ بوٚڑ معیشت تہٕ جی ڈی پی (پی پی پی) کہِ لحاظٕ چھِ ژوٗرِم سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ بوڑ معیشت۔ کرنسی ایکسچینج ریٹ کہِ وجہ سٟتؠ چھُ امِچ جی ڈی پی براے ناو اصطلاحن مَنٛز تیزی سان کھسُن وسُن گژھان۔ روٗس اوس ورلڈ ٹریڈ آرگنایزیشنس (ڈبلیو ٹی او) مَنٛز شٲمل گژھن وول ٲخری بٔڑ معیشت، یُس 2012 مَنٛز رُکُن بنیٛوو۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Russia becomes WTO member after 18 years of talks|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-16212643|access-date=28 November 2023|work=BBC News|date=16 December 2011|archive-date=1 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221201090227/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-16212643|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==

[[زٲژ:روٗس]]</text>
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'''''شیش، شیٖش'''''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/grierson_query.py?qs=sh%C4%93sh&amp;searchhws=yes&amp;matchtype=exact|title=A dictionary of the Kashmiri language|first=George Abraham|last=Grierson|date=December 1, 1932|website=dsal.uchicago.edu}}&lt;/ref&gt; یا '''''امونایڈیہ''''' چھٕ مۄکلیٲمُت، عام طور پٲٹھؠ یچھدار کاوشُپ کٔرِتھ [[سرپۆد]] یم ادٕنِکٲے امونایڈیا مَنٛز شٲمِل چھٕ۔ یمن ہنٛد تعلق چھ زندٕ [[رَندُکھ|رندُکھ]]، [[پھِرٲرؠ]] تہٕ [[ردولہٕ]] سٟتؠ زیٛادٕ قریب (یس کلاڈ کولوڈا تشکیل دیوان چھ امہٕ کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ ز تم چھ نوٹیلیسیس (پرٛٲژ نوٹلیڈی) سٟتؠ آسان یَتھ سٟتؠ تم مشابہت چھ تھوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|last=Klug|first=Christian|title=Ammonoid Paleobiology: From macroevolution to paleogeography|last2=Kröger|first2=Björn|last3=Vinther|first3=Jakob|last4=Fuchs|first4=Dirk|date=August 2015|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-94-017-9632-3|editor-last=Christian Klug|series=Topics in Geobiology 44|volume=44|pages=3–24|chapter=Ancestry, Origin and Early Evolution of Ammonoids|doi=10.1007/978-94-017-9633-0_1|editor-last2=Dieter Korn|editor-last3=Kenneth De Baets|editor-last4=Isabelle Kruta|editor-last5=Royal H. Mapes}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Ammonite|url=https://www.sdnhm.org/exhibitions/fossil-mysteries/fossil-field-guide-a-z/ammonite/|access-date=27 January 2026|website=The Nat|publisher=San Diego Natural History Museum}}&lt;/ref&gt; قدیم ترین امونایڈز گوو ابتدٲیی ڈیونین کہ ایمسین سٹیجس مَنٛز نمودار، تَقریٖبَن 1 ملین وٕریہٕ برونٛہہ، آخری [[زٲژ|انواع]] گٲی تَقریٖبَن 66 ملین وٕریہ برونٛہہ کریٹیشس-پیلیوجین کہ معدومیت کہ واقعہٕ کہ دوران یا پتہٕ جلدٕی غٲیب۔ یمن چھ اکثر '''امونایٹس''' ونان، یوس اکثر امونیٹیڈا آرڈر کین ارکانن خٲطرٕہ اِستِمال گژھان چھ، جوراسک پیٹھہٕ تہند معدومیتس تام امونایڈزک وٲحد باقی گروپ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=What is an ammonite?|url=https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-an-ammonite.html|access-date=2023-12-21|website=www.nhm.ac.uk|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

امونایڈسن کوٛر پننہٕ ارتقایی تاریخس دوران کٲفی تنوعک مظاہرٕ، ییتھ مَنٛز 10,000 کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ زٲژ بیان چھ آمت کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=Ammonite|url=https://www.sdnhm.org/exhibitions/fossil-mysteries/fossil-field-guide-a-z/ammonite/|access-date=27 January 2026|website=The Nat|publisher=San Diego Natural History Museum}}&lt;/ref&gt; امونایڈز چھ بہترین انڈیکس فوسلز تہٕ تم چھ اکثر کنین ہنٛزن تہہن جوڑنہٕ خاطرٕ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ یمن مَنٛز اَکھ خاص نوع یا جینس مخصوص ارضیاتی وقتس سٟتؠ چھ لبنہٕ یوان۔ تہند فوسل شیل چھ عام طورس پؠٹھ Planispirals ہند شکل اختیار کران، حالانکہ کیانٛہہ ہیلیکل سرپلڈ تہٕ نان سرپلڈ شکلہٕ چھ (یَتھ ہیٹرومورفس ونان چھ) بنیٲدی طورس پؠٹھ کریٹاسییَس دورس مَنٛز لبنہٕ آمٕتؠ‌۔ کیازکہ امونایٹس تہٕ تہند قریبی رشتہ دار چھ ناپید، توٲی چھ تہند طرز زندگی کس بارس مَنٛز واریاہ کم معلوم۔ تہنٛد نرم جسمٕک حصہٕ چھ واریاہ کم کنہ تہٕ تفصیلس مَنٛز مۄحفوٗظ کرنہٕ یوان۔ بہر حال، امونایڈ گولن ہنٛد جٲیزٕ نتھ تہٕ آب کین ٹینکن مَنٛز یمن گولن ہنٛد ماڈل اِستِمال کٔرِتھ چھ واریہ کنہہ کرنہٕ آمت۔

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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'''سانٛگُر''' (کٲشر لفظ سٲنٛگرُن پؠٹھ آمُت پؠمیُٛک مطلب چھُ کٲنسہِ کٔنؠ گژھِنؠ یا ہٕکر گژھٕنؠ) چھُ پرٛٲنؠ ارضیاتی کالٕکؠ زندٕ زٲژن ہند مۄحفوٗظ باقیاتن، تاثراتن یا نشانن ونان ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=http://www.oed.com/|title=Oxford English Dictionary|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=17 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111125659/http://www.oed.com/|archive-date=11 January 2008|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

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'''سانٛگُر''' (کٲشر لفظ سٲنٛگرُن پؠٹھ آمُت پؠمیُٛک مطلب چھُ کٲنسہِ کٔنؠ گژھِنؠ یا ہٕکر گژھٕنؠ) چھُ پرٛٲنؠ ارضیاتی کالٕکؠ زندٕ زٲژن ہند مۄحفوٗظ باقیاتن، تاثراتن یا نشانن ونان ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=http://www.oed.com/|title=Oxford English Dictionary|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=17 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111125659/http://www.oed.com/|archive-date=11 January 2008|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;میثالن مَنٛز چھِ أڈجہِ، کرؠژھ، نؠمرم ڈانچہٕ، جانوَرن یا لۄکٕٹؠ زٲژن ہٕنٛدؠ کنِو چھاپہٕ، اَمبَر مَنٛز مَحفوٗظ چیز، وال، سانٛگریٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر (کنہِ بنیٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر) تہٕ ڈی این اے ہٕنٛدؠ باقیات شٲمِل۔ سٲنٛگرَن ہٕنٛز یہِ سۆمبرنس چھِ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ ونٛنہٕ یوان۔ اگرچہ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ چھُ نامکَمَل، مَگر کینٛہہ مطالعو چھُ ہٲوِتھ زِ زمینَس پؠٹھ زِندٕ ژٲژن ہُنٛد پैटَرن سمجھنہٕ خٲطرٕ چھُ کافی سامان موجوٗد، تہٕ یہِ ہ٠کؠ زمینَس پؠٹھ ارتقٲیی ترتیب سمجھنہٕ مَنٛز خالسہٕ پُر کٔرِتھ۔

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'''سانٛگُر''' (کٲشر لفظ سٲنٛگرُن پؠٹھ آمُت پؠمیُٛک مطلب چھُ کٲنسہِ کٔنؠ گژھِنؠ یا ہٕکر گژھٕنؠ) چھُ پرٛٲنؠ ارضیاتی کالٕکؠ زندٕ زٲژن ہند مۄحفوٗظ باقیاتن، تاثراتن یا نشانن ونان ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=http://www.oed.com/|title=Oxford English Dictionary|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=17 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111125659/http://www.oed.com/|archive-date=11 January 2008|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;میثالن مَنٛز چھِ أڈجہِ، کریۆژھ(کاوشُپ)، نؠمرم ڈانچہٕ، جانوَرن یا لۄکٕٹؠ زٲژن ہٕنٛدؠ کنِو چھاپہٕ، اَمبَر مَنٛز مَحفوٗظ چیز، وال، سانٛگریٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر (کنہِ بنیٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر) تہٕ ڈی این اے ہٕنٛدؠ باقیات شٲمِل۔ سٲنٛگرَن ہٕنٛز یتھ سۆمبرنس چھِ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ ونٛنہٕ یوان۔ اگرچہ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ چھُ نامکَمَل، مَگر کینٛہہ مطالعہ چھٕ یہِ ہاوان زِ زمینَس پؠٹھ زِندٕ زٲژن ہُنٛد بؠنؠر سمجنہٕ خٲطرٕ چھُ سؠٹھا سامان موجوٗد، تہٕ یہِ ہؠکہِ زمینَس پؠٹھ وۄتلن ترتیب سمجھنہٕ مَنٛز خالسہٕ پُور کٔرِتھ۔

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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'''سانٛگُر''' (کٲشر لفظ سٲنٛگرُن پؠٹھ آمُت پؠمیُٛک مطلب چھُ کٲنسہِ کٔنؠ گژھِنؠ یا ہٕکر گژھٕنؠ) چھُ پرٛٲنؠ ارضیاتی کالٕکؠ زندٕ زٲژن ہند مۄحفوٗظ باقیاتن، تاثراتن یا نشانن ونان ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=http://www.oed.com/|title=Oxford English Dictionary|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=17 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111125659/http://www.oed.com/|archive-date=11 January 2008|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;میثالن مَنٛز چھِ أڈجہِ، کریۆژھ(کاوشُپ)، نؠمرم ڈانچہٕ، جانوَرن یا لۄکٕٹؠ زٲژن ہٕنٛدؠ کنِو چھاپہٕ، اَمبَر مَنٛز مَحفوٗظ چیز، وال، سانٛگریٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر (کنہِ بنیٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر) تہٕ ڈی این اے ہٕنٛدؠ باقیات شٲمِل۔ سٲنٛگرَن ہٕنٛز یتھ سۆمبرنس چھِ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ ونٛنہٕ یوان۔ اگرچہ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ چھُ نامکَمَل، مَگر کینٛہہ مطالعہ چھٕ یہِ ہاوان زِ زمینَس پؠٹھ زِندٕ زٲژن ہُنٛد بؠنؠر سمجنہٕ خٲطرٕ چھُ سؠٹھا سامان موجوٗد، تہٕ یہِ ہؠکہِ زمینَس پؠٹھ وۄتلن ترتیب سمجھنہٕ مَنٛز خالسہٕ پُور کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Jablonski2003&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Jablonski |first1=David |last2=Roy |first2=Kaustuv |last3=Valentine |first3=James W. |last4=Price |first4=Rebecca M. |last5=Anderson |first5=Philip S. |date=2003-05-16 |title=The impact of the pull of the recent on the history of marine diversity |journal=Science |volume=300 |issue=5622 |pages=1133–1135 |doi=10.1126/science.1083246 |issn=1095-9203 |pmid=12750517 |bibcode=2003Sci...300.1133J |s2cid=42468747 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Sahney |first1=Sarda |last2=Benton |first2=Michael J. |last3=Ferry |first3=Paul A. |date=2010-08-23 |title=Links between global taxonomic diversity, ecological diversity and the expansion of vertebrates on land |journal=Biology Letters |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=544–547 |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2009.1024 |pmc=2936204 |pmid=20106856}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name= &quot;sb2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Sahney |first1=Sarda |last2=Benton |first2=Michael |date=2017 |title=The impact of the Pull of the Recent on the fossil record of tetrapods |url=https://cpb-eu-w2.wpmucdn.com/blogs.bristol.ac.uk/dist/5/537/files/2021/01/2017Sahney.pdf |journal=Evolutionary Ecology Research |volume=18 |pages=7–23 |access-date=15 December 2022 |archive-date=15 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215043633/https://cpb-eu-w2.wpmucdn.com/blogs.bristol.ac.uk/dist/5/537/files/2021/01/2017Sahney.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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'''سانٛگُر''' (کٲشر لفظ سٲنٛگرُن پؠٹھ آمُت پؠمیُٛک مطلب چھُ کٲنسہِ کٔنؠ گژھِنؠ یا ہٕکر گژھٕنؠ) چھُ پرٛٲنؠ ارضیاتی کالٕکؠ زندٕ زٲژن ہند مۄحفوٗظ باقیاتن، تاثراتن یا نشانن ونان ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=http://www.oed.com/|title=Oxford English Dictionary|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=17 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111125659/http://www.oed.com/|archive-date=11 January 2008|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;میثالن مَنٛز چھِ [[أڈؠ جہِ|أڈجہِ]]، [[کاوٕ شوٚپ|کریۆژھ]](کاوشُپ)، [[نؠمرم ڈانچہٕ]]، جانوَرن یا [[لۄکٕٹؠ زٲژ|لۄکٕٹؠ زٲژن]] ہٕنٛدؠ کنِو چھاپہٕ، [[اَمبَر]] مَنٛز مَحفوٗظ چیز، [[مس|وال]]، [[سانٛگریٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر]] (کنہِ بنیٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر) تہٕ [[ڈی این اے]] ہٕنٛدؠ باقیات شٲمِل۔ سٲنٛگرَن ہٕنٛز یتھ سۆمبرنس چھِ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ ونٛنہٕ یوان۔ اگرچہ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ چھُ نامکَمَل، مَگر کینٛہہ مطالعہ چھٕ یہِ ہاوان زِ زمینَس پؠٹھ زِندٕ زٲژن ہُنٛد بؠنؠر سمجنہٕ خٲطرٕ چھُ سؠٹھا سامان موجوٗد، تہٕ یہِ ہؠکہِ زمینَس پؠٹھ وۄتلن ترتیب سمجھنہٕ مَنٛز خالسہٕ پُور کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Jablonski2003&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Jablonski |first1=David |last2=Roy |first2=Kaustuv |last3=Valentine |first3=James W. |last4=Price |first4=Rebecca M. |last5=Anderson |first5=Philip S. |date=2003-05-16 |title=The impact of the pull of the recent on the history of marine diversity |journal=Science |volume=300 |issue=5622 |pages=1133–1135 |doi=10.1126/science.1083246 |issn=1095-9203 |pmid=12750517 |bibcode=2003Sci...300.1133J |s2cid=42468747 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Sahney |first1=Sarda |last2=Benton |first2=Michael J. |last3=Ferry |first3=Paul A. |date=2010-08-23 |title=Links between global taxonomic diversity, ecological diversity and the expansion of vertebrates on land |journal=Biology Letters |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=544–547 |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2009.1024 |pmc=2936204 |pmid=20106856}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name= &quot;sb2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Sahney |first1=Sarda |last2=Benton |first2=Michael |date=2017 |title=The impact of the Pull of the Recent on the fossil record of tetrapods |url=https://cpb-eu-w2.wpmucdn.com/blogs.bristol.ac.uk/dist/5/537/files/2021/01/2017Sahney.pdf |journal=Evolutionary Ecology Research |volume=18 |pages=7–23 |access-date=15 December 2022 |archive-date=15 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215043633/https://cpb-eu-w2.wpmucdn.com/blogs.bristol.ac.uk/dist/5/537/files/2021/01/2017Sahney.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <revision>
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      <text bytes="3206" sha1="la57wujqbv6wu9pmma743djlzqzx5zg" xml:space="preserve">'''سانٛگُر''' (کٲشر لفظ سٲنٛگرُن پؠٹھ آمُت پؠمیُٛک مطلب چھُ کٲنسہِ کٔنؠ گژھِنؠ یا ہٕکر گژھٕنؠ) چھُ پرٛٲنؠ ارضیاتی کالٕکؠ زندٕ زٲژن ہند مۄحفوٗظ باقیاتن، تاثراتن یا نشانن ونان ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=http://www.oed.com/|title=Oxford English Dictionary|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=17 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111125659/http://www.oed.com/|archive-date=11 January 2008|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;میثالن مَنٛز چھِ [[أڈؠ جہِ|أڈجہِ]]، [[کاوٕ شوٚپ|کریۆژھ]](کاوشُپ)، [[نؠمرم ڈانچہٕ]]، جانوَرن یا [[لۄکٕٹؠ زٲژ|لۄکٕٹؠ زٲژن]] ہٕنٛدؠ کنِو چھاپہٕ، [[اَمبَر]] مَنٛز مَحفوٗظ چیز، [[مس|وال]]، [[سانٛگریٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر]] (کنہِ بنیٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر) تہٕ [[ڈی این اے]] ہٕنٛدؠ باقیات شٲمِل۔ سٲنٛگرَن ہٕنٛز یتھ سۆمبرنس چھِ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ ونٛنہٕ یوان۔ اگرچہ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ چھُ نامکَمَل، مَگر کینٛہہ مطالعہ چھٕ یہِ ہاوان زِ زمینَس پؠٹھ زِندٕ زٲژن ہُنٛد بؠنؠر سمجنہٕ خٲطرٕ چھُ سؠٹھا سامان موجوٗد، تہٕ یہِ ہؠکہِ زمینَس پؠٹھ وۄتلن ترتیب سمجھنہٕ مَنٛز خالسہٕ پُور کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Jablonski2003&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Jablonski |first1=David |last2=Roy |first2=Kaustuv |last3=Valentine |first3=James W. |last4=Price |first4=Rebecca M. |last5=Anderson |first5=Philip S. |date=2003-05-16 |title=The impact of the pull of the recent on the history of marine diversity |journal=Science |volume=300 |issue=5622 |pages=1133–1135 |doi=10.1126/science.1083246 |issn=1095-9203 |pmid=12750517 |bibcode=2003Sci...300.1133J |s2cid=42468747 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Sahney |first1=Sarda |last2=Benton |first2=Michael J. |last3=Ferry |first3=Paul A. |date=2010-08-23 |title=Links between global taxonomic diversity, ecological diversity and the expansion of vertebrates on land |journal=Biology Letters |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=544–547 |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2009.1024 |pmc=2936204 |pmid=20106856}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name= &quot;sb2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Sahney |first1=Sarda |last2=Benton |first2=Michael |date=2017 |title=The impact of the Pull of the Recent on the fossil record of tetrapods |url=https://cpb-eu-w2.wpmucdn.com/blogs.bristol.ac.uk/dist/5/537/files/2021/01/2017Sahney.pdf |journal=Evolutionary Ecology Research |volume=18 |pages=7–23 |access-date=15 December 2022 |archive-date=15 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215043633/https://cpb-eu-w2.wpmucdn.com/blogs.bristol.ac.uk/dist/5/537/files/2021/01/2017Sahney.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Fossil Diversity.png|thumb|300px|[[File:Fossil Diversity.png|thumb|300px|Examples of animal fossils. Clockwise from top left: ''[[Onychocrinus]]'', ''[[Palaeosinopa]]'', ''[[Gryphaea]]'', and ''[[Harpactocarcinus]]'']]]]

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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      <text bytes="3163" sha1="00wqi4rtpkiieyb3igs2fp0bs5vaza2" xml:space="preserve">'''سانٛگُر''' (کٲشر لفظ سٲنٛگرُن پؠٹھ آمُت پؠمیُٛک مطلب چھُ کٲنسہِ کٔنؠ گژھِنؠ یا ہٕکر گژھٕنؠ) چھُ پرٛٲنؠ ارضیاتی کالٕکؠ زندٕ زٲژن ہند مۄحفوٗظ باقیاتن، تاثراتن یا نشانن ونان ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=http://www.oed.com/|title=Oxford English Dictionary|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=17 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111125659/http://www.oed.com/|archive-date=11 January 2008|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;میثالن مَنٛز چھِ [[أڈؠ جہِ|أڈجہِ]]، [[کاوٕ شوٚپ|کریۆژھ]](کاوشُپ)، [[نؠمرم ڈانچہٕ]]، جانوَرن یا [[لۄکٕٹؠ زٲژ|لۄکٕٹؠ زٲژن]] ہٕنٛدؠ کنِو چھاپہٕ، [[اَمبَر]] مَنٛز مَحفوٗظ چیز، [[مس|وال]]، [[سانٛگریٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر]] (کنہِ بنیٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر) تہٕ [[ڈی این اے]] ہٕنٛدؠ باقیات شٲمِل۔ سٲنٛگرَن ہٕنٛز یتھ سۆمبرنس چھِ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ ونٛنہٕ یوان۔ اگرچہ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ چھُ نامکَمَل، مَگر کینٛہہ مطالعہ چھٕ یہِ ہاوان زِ زمینَس پؠٹھ زِندٕ زٲژن ہُنٛد بؠنؠر سمجنہٕ خٲطرٕ چھُ سؠٹھا سامان موجوٗد، تہٕ یہِ ہؠکہِ زمینَس پؠٹھ وۄتلن ترتیب سمجھنہٕ مَنٛز خالسہٕ پُور کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Jablonski2003&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Jablonski |first1=David |last2=Roy |first2=Kaustuv |last3=Valentine |first3=James W. |last4=Price |first4=Rebecca M. |last5=Anderson |first5=Philip S. |date=2003-05-16 |title=The impact of the pull of the recent on the history of marine diversity |journal=Science |volume=300 |issue=5622 |pages=1133–1135 |doi=10.1126/science.1083246 |issn=1095-9203 |pmid=12750517 |bibcode=2003Sci...300.1133J |s2cid=42468747 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Sahney |first1=Sarda |last2=Benton |first2=Michael J. |last3=Ferry |first3=Paul A. |date=2010-08-23 |title=Links between global taxonomic diversity, ecological diversity and the expansion of vertebrates on land |journal=Biology Letters |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=544–547 |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2009.1024 |pmc=2936204 |pmid=20106856}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name= &quot;sb2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Sahney |first1=Sarda |last2=Benton |first2=Michael |date=2017 |title=The impact of the Pull of the Recent on the fossil record of tetrapods |url=https://cpb-eu-w2.wpmucdn.com/blogs.bristol.ac.uk/dist/5/537/files/2021/01/2017Sahney.pdf |journal=Evolutionary Ecology Research |volume=18 |pages=7–23 |access-date=15 December 2022 |archive-date=15 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215043633/https://cpb-eu-w2.wpmucdn.com/blogs.bristol.ac.uk/dist/5/537/files/2021/01/2017Sahney.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Fossil Diversity.png|thumb|300px|Examples of animal fossils. Clockwise from top left: ''[[Onychocrinus]]'', ''[[Palaeosinopa]]'', ''[[Gryphaea]]'', and ''[[Harpactocarcinus]]'']]

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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      <text bytes="3283" sha1="e6fuoxy98tj9aiz0jlfgmruzet8ev99" xml:space="preserve">'''سانٛگُر''' (کٲشر لفظ سٲنٛگرُن پؠٹھ آمُت پؠمیُٛک مطلب چھُ کٲنسہِ کٔنؠ گژھِنؠ یا ہٕکر گژھٕنؠ) چھُ پرٛٲنؠ ارضیاتی کالٕکؠ زندٕ زٲژن ہند مۄحفوٗظ باقیاتن، تاثراتن یا نشانن ونان ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=http://www.oed.com/|title=Oxford English Dictionary|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=17 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111125659/http://www.oed.com/|archive-date=11 January 2008|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;میثالن مَنٛز چھِ [[أڈؠ جہِ|أڈجہِ]]، [[کاوٕ شوٚپ|کریۆژھ]](کاوشُپ)، [[نؠمرم ڈانچہٕ]]، جانوَرن یا [[لۄکٕٹؠ زٲژ|لۄکٕٹؠ زٲژن]] ہٕنٛدؠ کنِو چھاپہٕ، [[اَمبَر]] مَنٛز مَحفوٗظ چیز، [[مس|وال]]، [[سانٛگریٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر]] (کنہِ بنیٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر) تہٕ [[ڈی این اے]] ہٕنٛدؠ باقیات شٲمِل۔ سٲنٛگرَن ہٕنٛز یتھ سۆمبرنس چھِ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ ونٛنہٕ یوان۔ اگرچہ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ چھُ نامکَمَل، مَگر کینٛہہ مطالعہ چھٕ یہِ ہاوان زِ زمینَس پؠٹھ زِندٕ زٲژن ہُنٛد بؠنؠر سمجنہٕ خٲطرٕ چھُ سؠٹھا سامان موجوٗد، تہٕ یہِ ہؠکہِ زمینَس پؠٹھ وۄتلن ترتیب سمجھنہٕ مَنٛز خالسہٕ پُور کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Jablonski2003&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Jablonski |first1=David |last2=Roy |first2=Kaustuv |last3=Valentine |first3=James W. |last4=Price |first4=Rebecca M. |last5=Anderson |first5=Philip S. |date=2003-05-16 |title=The impact of the pull of the recent on the history of marine diversity |journal=Science |volume=300 |issue=5622 |pages=1133–1135 |doi=10.1126/science.1083246 |issn=1095-9203 |pmid=12750517 |bibcode=2003Sci...300.1133J |s2cid=42468747 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Sahney |first1=Sarda |last2=Benton |first2=Michael J. |last3=Ferry |first3=Paul A. |date=2010-08-23 |title=Links between global taxonomic diversity, ecological diversity and the expansion of vertebrates on land |journal=Biology Letters |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=544–547 |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2009.1024 |pmc=2936204 |pmid=20106856}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name= &quot;sb2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Sahney |first1=Sarda |last2=Benton |first2=Michael |date=2017 |title=The impact of the Pull of the Recent on the fossil record of tetrapods |url=https://cpb-eu-w2.wpmucdn.com/blogs.bristol.ac.uk/dist/5/537/files/2021/01/2017Sahney.pdf |journal=Evolutionary Ecology Research |volume=18 |pages=7–23 |access-date=15 December 2022 |archive-date=15 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215043633/https://cpb-eu-w2.wpmucdn.com/blogs.bristol.ac.uk/dist/5/537/files/2021/01/2017Sahney.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Fossil Diversity.png|thumb|300px|کؠہن جانورن ہِندؠ سانٛگر. ہیٛۆر کھوپھٕرؠ پؠٹھ گرِ کہِ پکنہٕ کہِ طرفہٕ: ''[[اۆنکورِنکس]]'', ''[[پیلِیوساینوپا]]'', ''[[گرٛیفیے]]'', تہٕ ''[[ہارپؠکٹوکارِنکس]]'']]

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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      <text bytes="3281" sha1="0nkoqxr0gpykc9dx143zjm1xwp1ny5l" xml:space="preserve">'''سانٛگُر''' (کٲشر لفظ سٲنٛگرُن پؠٹھ آمُت پؠمیُٛک مطلب چھُ کٲنسہِ کٔنؠ گژھِنؠ یا ہٕکر گژھٕنؠ) چھُ پرٛٲنؠ ارضیاتی کالٕکؠ زندٕ زٲژن ہند مۄحفوٗظ باقیاتن، تاثراتن یا نشانن ونان ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{کِتاب حَوالہٕ|url=http://www.oed.com/|title=Oxford English Dictionary|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=17 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111125659/http://www.oed.com/|archive-date=11 January 2008|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;میثالن مَنٛز چھِ [[أڈؠ جہِ|أڈجہِ]]، [[کاوٕ شوٚپ|کریۆژھ]](کاوشُپ)، [[نؠمرم ڈانچہٕ]]، جانوَرن یا [[لۄکٕٹؠ زٲژ|لۄکٕٹؠ زٲژن]] ہٕنٛدؠ کنِو چھاپہٕ، [[اَمبَر]] مَنٛز مَحفوٗظ چیز، [[مس|وال]]، [[سانٛگریٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر]] (کنہِ بنیٛٲمٕژ لٔکٕر) تہٕ [[ڈی این اے]] ہٕنٛدؠ باقیات شٲمِل۔ سٲنٛگرَن ہٕنٛز یتھ سۆمبرنس چھِ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ ونٛنہٕ یوان۔ اگرچہ سانٛگُر رِکارڈ چھُ نامکَمَل، مَگر کینٛہہ مطالعہ چھٕ یہِ ہاوان زِ زمینَس پؠٹھ زِندٕ زٲژن ہُنٛد بؠنؠر سمجنہٕ خٲطرٕ چھُ سؠٹھا سامان موجوٗد، تہٕ یہِ ہؠکہِ زمینَس پؠٹھ وۄتلن ترتیب سمجھنہٕ مَنٛز خالسہٕ پُور کٔرِتھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Jablonski2003&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Jablonski |first1=David |last2=Roy |first2=Kaustuv |last3=Valentine |first3=James W. |last4=Price |first4=Rebecca M. |last5=Anderson |first5=Philip S. |date=2003-05-16 |title=The impact of the pull of the recent on the history of marine diversity |journal=Science |volume=300 |issue=5622 |pages=1133–1135 |doi=10.1126/science.1083246 |issn=1095-9203 |pmid=12750517 |bibcode=2003Sci...300.1133J |s2cid=42468747 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Sahney |first1=Sarda |last2=Benton |first2=Michael J. |last3=Ferry |first3=Paul A. |date=2010-08-23 |title=Links between global taxonomic diversity, ecological diversity and the expansion of vertebrates on land |journal=Biology Letters |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=544–547 |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2009.1024 |pmc=2936204 |pmid=20106856}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name= &quot;sb2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last1=Sahney |first1=Sarda |last2=Benton |first2=Michael |date=2017 |title=The impact of the Pull of the Recent on the fossil record of tetrapods |url=https://cpb-eu-w2.wpmucdn.com/blogs.bristol.ac.uk/dist/5/537/files/2021/01/2017Sahney.pdf |journal=Evolutionary Ecology Research |volume=18 |pages=7–23 |access-date=15 December 2022 |archive-date=15 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215043633/https://cpb-eu-w2.wpmucdn.com/blogs.bristol.ac.uk/dist/5/537/files/2021/01/2017Sahney.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:Fossil Diversity.png|thumb|300px|کؠہن جانورن ہِندؠ سانٛگر. ہیٛۆر کھووٕرؠ پؠٹھ گرِ کہِ پکنہٕ کہِ طرفہٕ: ''[[اۆنکورِنکس]]'', ''[[پیلِیوساینوپا]]'', ''[[گرٛیفیے]]'', تہٕ ''[[ہارپؠکٹوکارِنکس]]'']]

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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    <title>ڈوروتھی ایڈی</title>
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      <text bytes="5440" sha1="7f3op01ndm9edq4fe44lh8qnsprwuav" xml:space="preserve">[[فَیِل:AbydosFacade.jpg|thumb|ایبیڈوس، مصرس منٛز [[سیتی گۄڈنیُک|سیتی I]] کس مندرک اگواڑا، یتھ منٛز اُم سیتی رٲچھ ٲس کران۔]]{{مولوٗماتھ}}
'''ڈوروتھی  لویِس ایڈی''' (16 جَنؤری 1904 - 21 اپریل 1981)، یمس اُم سیتی (عربی: أم سیٹی) عرفی ناو اوس، ٲس اَکھ برطانوی لِکھٲرؠ  تہٕ مصری ماہر، سیتی I کس ایبیڈوس مندرک نگہبان تہٕ مصری نوادرات کس شعبک ڈرافٹسمین۔ سُہٕ چھِ پننہٕ [[پُنَر زَنَم|پٔتمہٕ زندگی]] مَنٛز قدیم مصرس مَنٛز اَکھ پادٕرؠ تہٕ ایبیڈوسس مَنٛز قٲبل ذکر تٲریخی تحقیقہٕ خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ یوان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Eady, Dorothy (1904–1981)|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/eady-dorothy-1904-1981|publisher=Encyclopedia.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

تٔمؠ سٕنٛز زندگی تہٕ کٲم چھےٚ واریاہن مضموٗن، ٹیلی وِجَن دستاویزی فلمہٕ تہٕ زانہِ عمری ہُنٛد موضوع روٗدمٕژ۔ ؤری وادن دوران قیاس آرایو چھُ تٔمؠ سٕنزِ ناقابل یقین مہارتن تہٕ فرعونی دورٕک عٔلمَس پؠٹھ توجہ مرکوز۔ خصوصیت چھِ پننہٕ عقیدٕ خٲطرٕ زاننہٕ یوان زِ پٔتمہٕ زندگی مَنٛز ٲس ڈوروتھی  آیسسچ پادٕری، یَتھ نیو یارک ٹایمز &quot;مغربی دُنؠ‌یاہس مَنٛز پنر جنمچ سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ دلچسپ تہٕ پَژھ کرن واجنہٕ جدید دٔلیلن مَنٛز اَکھ&quot; سمجھان چھُ۔

== زِندگی ==

اوم سیتی زاے ڈوروتھی  لویس ایڈی 16 جَنؤری 1904 مَنٛز لندن کس بلیک ہیتھس مَنٛز روبن ایڈی تہٕ کیرولین مے فراسٹ ایڈی سٕنٛز کورِ ہٕنٛدس طورس پؠٹھ۔

1907 مَنٛز دِیُت أکؠ ڈاکٹرن ترٛےٚ ؤرِش وٲنٛسہِ مَنٛز ہیرِ پؠٹھٕ شٔدیٖد پیٚنہٕ پتہٕ موٗدمٕژ قرار۔ مگر سۄ آیہٕ گٔیہِ زندٕ تہٕ تمہ پتہٕ کوٚر تٔمؠ بیٛاکھ اَکھ گرٕ آسنٕچ اطلاع، مصرس پرَٛزناوُن ییٚلہ تٔمؠ گۄڈنچہِ لٹہِ آرتھر مو سٕنٛز دی چلڈرن انسایکلوپیڈیا مَنٛز تصویرٕ وٕچھ۔

[[برِٛٹِش عَجٲیِب گرٕ|برٹش میوزیمک]] دورٕ کرنہٕ دوران وُچھ تم نیو کنگڈم ٹیمپل کس نمایشی ہالس مَنٛز [[سیتی گۄڈنیُک|سیتی I]] ([[رَمیٚسِس دۆیِم|رامیسیس دی گریٹ]] سنٛد مول) مندرک اَکھ تصویر، نوجوان ڈوروتھی  دژ کرٛؠکھ، &quot;یتہٕ چھُ میٛون گرٕ!&quot;، مگر &quot;کُلؠ کتہٕ چھِ؟ باغ کتہِ چھہِ؟&quot;  سۄ ژٔج مصری کمرن ہندین کوریڈورن مَنٛز، ییتہِ تم پۄتلن ہندین کھۄرن مۄنہِ کرِ۔ برٹش میوزیمک باقی دورن پؠٹھ سمکھیو تم ای اے والیس بڈج، یم تمس [[مِصری ہایروگلیفٕس|ہایروگلیفکس]] کس مطالعس مَنٛز حوصلہٕ افزٲیی کٔر۔

10 پیٹھٕ 12 ؤرِش وٲنسہِ تام گُزٲر ڈوروتھی اَتھ عجایب گرس مَنٛز کٲفی وَقٕت۔ [[گۄڈنیُٛک عٔظیٖم جَنٛگ|گۄڑنچہٕ جنگہٕ عظیمس]] دوران لندن کس اکس ڈانس سکولس مَنٛز بم دھماکہٕ نش بچنہٕ پتہٕ، آیہٕ سۄ پننس بٕڑببس سٟتؠ روزنہٕ خٲطرٕ لندن کاؤنٹی سسیکس سوزنہٕ۔ تتہٕ لٔب تمس ایسٹبورن کس پبلک لایبریری مَنٛز مصرس پؠٹھ کتابہٕ۔

15 ؤرِش وٲنٛسہِ مَنٛز، أمِس میلہِ فرعون سیٹی I سٕنٛدِ طرفہٕ &quot;دورٕ&quot; تہٕ مصری ماحولس مَنٛز روزنُک بار بار خیال ٲس۔ یِتھ کٔنؠ گٔیہِ سۄ واریاہ لَٹہِ دؠمٲغی ہسپتال۔

1920 ہس مَنٛز کوٚر ڈورتی برطانیہ کین عجایب گرن ہند دورٕ تہٕ 27 وٲنسہِ مَنٛز گو اکس مصری میگزینس مَنٛز کٲم کرنہٕ خٲطرٕ لندن ۔ تٔمؠ کوٚر 29 ؤرشہِ مَنٛز مصری طالب علم امام عبدالمجید سٕتؠ خانٛدر تہٕ 1933 مَنٛز وٲتؠ مصر، ییتہ تٔمؠ بُلبُل عبدالمیگید ناو اپنووُن۔ قاہرہس مَنٛز، بنییہٕ سۄ نوادرات کس شعبس مَنٛز مصری مٲہر سلیم حسنس سٟتؠ اشتراک، گوڑنچ خاتون ڈرافٹس وومن۔ 1951 مَنٛز، تم کٔر دہشورس مَنٛز پرامڈ ریسرچ پروجیکٹس پؠٹھ کٲم، مقبرن ہنٛز بحالی تہٕ نوادرات ہنٛز فہرست بناوان۔ بالٲخر، سُہٕ بسییہٕ ایبیڈوسس مَنٛز، &quot;اُم سیتی&quot; ناو حٲصل تہٕ رمسیس II کس مندر تہٕ باقی مقاماتن پؠٹھ کرن نوشتن ہنٛد ترجمہٕ۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:بَرطٲنوی لوٗکھ]]
[[زٲژ:1904 پٲدٲیِش]]
[[زٲژ:1981 وَفات]]</text>
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'''پھِرٲرؠ''' چھُ اَکھ سمندری جاناوار یُس [[رَندُکھ|رَنٛدکس]] ہیٛو آسان چھِ ، أمِس تہٕ چھِ ٲٹھ نرِ مگر أمِس چھِ زٕ زیچھِ ٹینٹیکل آسان یُس نہٕ رَنٛدکس مَنٛز لبنہٕ چھِ یِوان کینٛہہ۔

پھِرٲرؠ چھِ ہیٚکان رَنٛگ بدلٲوِتھ کھٔٹِتھ روزنہٕ خٲطرٕ یا اِشارٕ دِنہٕ خٲطرٕ۔کینٛہہ زٲژ چھ بایولیٛومنیسینٹ آسان تہٕ کینہہ چھِ میٖل چھکان شِکار نِش بچنہٕ خٲطرٕ۔

پھِرٲرؠ چھِ [[جاپان]]، [[رومی سَمَندَر|رومی سمندر]]، جۆنوٗب مغربی  اوقیانوس سمندر، مشرقی پیسفک تہٕ باقین جاین مَنٛز تجارتی گاڈٕ رٹنس سٟتؠ انسٲنی کھؠنہٕ خٲطرٕ اِستِمال یوان کرنہٕ۔یم چھِ پوٗرٕ دُنؠ‌یاہس مَنٛز کھؠنس مَنٛز اِستِمال گژھان، یَتھ اکثر &quot;کیلامری&quot; ونان چھِ۔ پھِرٲرؠ چھ کلاسیکی زمانہٕ پیٹھہٕ ادبس مَنٛز نمایاں گومت، خاص طور پٲٹھؠ بٔڑ پھِرٲرؠ تہٕ سمندری راکشس سنٛز دٔلیٖلن مَنٛز۔&lt;ref name=&quot;Ellis&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author=Ellis, Richard|url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/e/ellis-squid.html&lt;!--Chapter 1 'The Big Calamari' online--&gt;|title=The Search for the Giant Squid|publisher=Penguin|year=1999|isbn=978-0-14-028676-2|author-link=Richard Ellis (biologist)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:سَمنٛدٕری جانور]]</text>
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'''ردولہٕ''' چھُ اکھ سمندری جانور. یہِ چھُ [[سَرپۆد]] [[نِکٲے]] سٕتؠ تعلقُ تھاوان یتھ منٛز [[رَندُکھ|رَنٛدکھ]]، [[پھِرٲرؠ]] تہٕ شٲمِل چھِ.

ردولہٕ چھِ لۄکٕٹؠ [[نٲیِد (جانوَر)|نٲیِد]]، شرِٛمپ ، گاڈٕ، رَنٛدکھ، کیٚمؠ، تہٕ باقٕے پھِرٲرؠ گاڈن کھؠوان.یِہِنٛدؠ شِکار چھِ [[سوٗسمار]]، بٔڑؠ گاڈٕ (یَتھ مَنٛز [[شارٕک۔|شارکہٕ]])، [[سیٖل]]، سَمَنٛدٔرؠ جاناوار تہٕ باقٕے پھِرٲرؠ شٲمِل. عام طور چھِ یِہُنٛد {{Linktext|آے}} 1-2 ؤری آسان.مطالعاتن متعلق چھُ وننہٕ یوان زِ پھِرٲرؠ چھِ ساروی کھوتہٕ ذٔہیٖن invertebrates منٛز اکھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NOVA&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=NOVA {{!}} Kings of Camouflage {{!}} PBS|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/camo/|access-date=2025-07-22|website=www.pbs.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:سَمنٛدٕری جانور]]</text>
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        <id>9480</id>
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      <comment>باٹ چھُ غَلطی ٹھیٖکھ کَران [[وِکیٖپیٖڈیا:AutoWikiBrowser/Typos|غَلطی فِہرِست مُطٲبِق]]</comment>
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'''ردولہٕ''' چھُ اَکھ سمندری جانور۔ یہِ چھُ [[سَرپۆد]] [[نِکٲے]] سٟتؠ تعلقُ تھاوان یَتھ مَنٛز [[رَندُکھ|رَنٛدکھ]]، [[پھِرٲرؠ]] تہٕ شٲمِل چھِ۔

ردولہٕ چھِ لۄکٕٹؠ [[نٲیِد (جانوَر)|نٲیِد]]، شرِٛمپ ، گاڈٕ، رَنٛدکھ، کیٚمؠ، تہٕ باقٕے پھِرٲرؠ گاڈن کھؠوان۔یِہِنٛدؠ شِکار چھِ [[سوٗسمار]]، بٔڑؠ گاڈٕ (یَتھ مَنٛز [[شارٕک۔|شارکہٕ]])، [[سیٖل]]، سَمَنٛدٔرؠ جاناوار تہٕ باقٕے پھِرٲرؠ شٲمِل۔ عام طور چھِ یِہُنٛد {{Linktext|آے}} 1-2 ؤری آسان۔مطالعاتن متعلق چھُ وننہٕ یوان زِ پھِرٲرؠ چھِ سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ ذٔہیٖن invertebrates مَنٛز اَکھ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;NOVA&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=NOVA {{!}} Kings of Camouflage {{!}} PBS|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/camo/|access-date=2025-07-22|website=www.pbs.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==

[[زٲژ:سَمنٛدٕری جانور]]</text>
      <sha1>bqah7gcdis1nwijlzjqarg8lrky639k</sha1>
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    <title>اَوَستٲیی زَبان</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-03T18:00:57Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Nadeemulhaqmir-bot</username>
        <id>9480</id>
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      <comment>باٹ چھُ غَلطی ٹھیٖکھ کَران [[وِکیٖپیٖڈیا:AutoWikiBrowser/Typos|غَلطی فِہرِست مُطٲبِق]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="1127" sha1="533zwcf33o0qmb1wbx5k1btpkv6s0jt" xml:space="preserve">{{حَوالہٕ وَرٲے}}
{{Infobox language/Wikidata|familycolor=ہِند یوٗرَپی}}

'''اَوَستٲیی زَبان''' (/{{IPAc-en|ə|ˈ|v|ɛ|s|t|ən}}/{{respell|ə|VESS|tən}} چھِ [[زرتشیت|زرتشیتٕچ]] ادبی زَبان۔{{Sfn|de Vaan|Martínez García|2014|loc=p. 1: &quot;Avestan is the language preserved in the sacred books of the Parsis, the ensemble of which is called the Avesta&quot;}}یہٕ چھُ [[ہِند یوٗرَپی زَبانہٕ|ہند یورپی زبانہٕ]] کہِ خاندانٕچ ایرٲنی شاخس سٕتؠ تعلق تھاوان تہٕ اصلی اوس [[اویستان دور|اویستان دورس]] (c. 1500 – c. 400 BCE) دوران مشرقی [[عٔظیٖم ایٖران|گریٹر ایرانس]] مَنٛز روزن وٲلؠ ایرانیو دٔسؠ بولنہٕ یوان یَتھ کٕن زَن اَوَستٲیی جغرافیہ کین ناون سٕتؠ چھُ ثٲبت گژھان۔

پرٛٲنؠ اَوَستٲیی زَبان چھِ [[ویدِک سَنٛسکرٕٛت زَبان|ویدک سَنٛسکرتس]] ہِش رَلان۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:زَبان]]</text>
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      <comment>&quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1366674214|COVID-19 pandemic]]&quot; ضفُک اِنتدٲیی حِصُک تَرجَمہٕ طور تَخلیق کَرنہٕ آمُت</comment>
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      <text bytes="1466" sha1="gtbq3rez214sedaeco1ri769kj8urko" xml:space="preserve">'''عالمی کووِڈ 19 وبٲیی مرض''' یا '''کووِڈ-19 مہمٲری''' (یتھ '''کورونا وائرس وبائی مرض''' تہِ ونان چھِ)، یُس شدید ریسپریٹری سنڈروم کورونا وائرس 2 (SARS-CoV-2) کہ وجہ سۭتۍ گوٚو، دسمبر 2019 ہس منز [[ووٗہان]]، [[چیٖن|چیٖنس]] منز اکہِ وبا سیتۍ شروع گوو۔ یہِ پھٔہلییہِ [[ایشیا]] کٮ۪ن باقٕے حِصن تہٕ پتہٕ 2020 کِس شُروٗعاتس منٛز پوٗرٕ دُنیاہَس منٛز۔ [[عالمی صحت اِدارٕ|ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنایزیشن]] (ڈبلیو ایچ او) کوٚر 30 جنوری 2020 وبا بین الاقوٲمی تشویش ہُند عوٲمی صحت ایمرجنسی (PHEIC) قرار تہٕ کوٚرُن 11 مارٕچ یہِ وبا بنیومُت۔ ڈبلیو ایچ او ہن کوٚر اعلان زِ کووِڈ 19 کہِ وجہ سۭتۍ گٔیہِ عوٲمی صحتٕچ ہنگٲمی حالت مئی 2023 ہس منٛز ختم، ییٚلہِ زِ کووِڈ 19 چھُ عالمی صحتُک خطرٕ۔

17 جولائی 2026 تام، کووِڈ-19 کہ وجہ سٕتۍ گٲی تصدیق شدہ موت تہٕ 18.5 پیٹھہٕ 35.2 مِلیَن تام اندازٕ مطٲبق موتھ۔ {{nbsp}} یہ وبٲیی ٲس تٲریٖخٕچ شیٚیم ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ خطرناک وبٲیی۔  {{حَوالہٕ ضروٗرتھ|date=July 2026}}</text>
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'''عالمی کووِڈ 19 وبٲیی مرض''' یا '''کووِڈ-19 مہمٲری''' (یتھ '''کورونا وائرس وبائی مرض''' تہِ ونان چھِ)، یُس شدید ریسپریٹری سنڈروم کورونا وائرس 2 (SARS-CoV-2) کہ وجہ سۭتۍ گوٚو، دسمبر 2019 ہس منز [[ووٗہان]]، [[چیٖن|چیٖنس]] منز اکہِ وبا سیتۍ شروع گوو۔ یہِ پھٔہلییہِ [[ایشیا]] کٮ۪ن باقٕے حِصن تہٕ پتہٕ 2020 کِس شُروٗعاتس منٛز پوٗرٕ دُنیاہَس منٛز۔ [[عالمی صحت اِدارٕ|ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنایزیشن]] (ڈبلیو ایچ او) کوٚر 30 جنوری 2020 وبا بین الاقوٲمی تشویش ہُند عوٲمی صحت ایمرجنسی (PHEIC) قرار تہٕ کوٚرُن 11 مارٕچ یہِ وبا بنیومُت۔ ڈبلیو ایچ او ہن کوٚر اعلان زِ کووِڈ 19 کہِ وجہ سۭتۍ گٔیہِ عوٲمی صحتٕچ ہنگٲمی حالت مئی 2023 ہس منٛز ختم، ییٚلہِ زِ کووِڈ 19 چھُ عالمی صحتُک خطرٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;reuters&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:cite|web |vauthors=Rigby J, Satija B |date=8 May 2023 |title=WHO declares end to COVID global health emergency |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/covid-is-no-longer-global-health-emergency-who-2023-05-05/ |website=Reuters |access-date=9 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

17 جولائی 2026 تام، کووِڈ-19 کہ وجہ سٕتۍ گٲی تصدیق شدہ موت تہٕ 18.5 پیٹھہٕ 35.2 مِلیَن تام اندازٕ مطٲبق موتھ۔ {{nbsp}} یہ وبٲیی ٲس تٲریٖخٕچ شیٚیم ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ خطرناک وبٲیی۔  {{حَوالہٕ ضروٗرتھ|date=July 2026}}</text>
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      <comment>+[[زٲژ:2019 واقعات]]; +[[زٲژ:2020 واقعات]] تٔژ زٲژ کِہ مَرَتھہٕ سٲتؠ</comment>
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'''عالمی کووِڈ 19 وبٲیی مرض''' یا '''کووِڈ-19 مہمٲری''' (یتھ '''کورونا وائرس وبائی مرض''' تہِ ونان چھِ)، یُس شدید ریسپریٹری سنڈروم کورونا وائرس 2 (SARS-CoV-2) کہ وجہ سۭتۍ گوٚو، دسمبر 2019 ہس منز [[ووٗہان]]، [[چیٖن|چیٖنس]] منز اکہِ وبا سیتۍ شروع گوو۔ یہِ پھٔہلییہِ [[ایشیا]] کٮ۪ن باقٕے حِصن تہٕ پتہٕ 2020 کِس شُروٗعاتس منٛز پوٗرٕ دُنیاہَس منٛز۔ [[عالمی صحت اِدارٕ|ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنایزیشن]] (ڈبلیو ایچ او) کوٚر 30 جنوری 2020 وبا بین الاقوٲمی تشویش ہُند عوٲمی صحت ایمرجنسی (PHEIC) قرار تہٕ کوٚرُن 11 مارٕچ یہِ وبا بنیومُت۔ ڈبلیو ایچ او ہن کوٚر اعلان زِ کووِڈ 19 کہِ وجہ سۭتۍ گٔیہِ عوٲمی صحتٕچ ہنگٲمی حالت مئی 2023 ہس منٛز ختم، ییٚلہِ زِ کووِڈ 19 چھُ عالمی صحتُک خطرٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;reuters&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:cite|web |vauthors=Rigby J, Satija B |date=8 May 2023 |title=WHO declares end to COVID global health emergency |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/covid-is-no-longer-global-health-emergency-who-2023-05-05/ |website=Reuters |access-date=9 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

17 جولائی 2026 تام، کووِڈ-19 کہ وجہ سٕتۍ گٲی تصدیق شدہ موت تہٕ 18.5 پیٹھہٕ 35.2 مِلیَن تام اندازٕ مطٲبق موتھ۔ {{nbsp}} یہ وبٲیی ٲس تٲریٖخٕچ شیٚیم ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ خطرناک وبٲیی۔  {{حَوالہٕ ضروٗرتھ|date=July 2026}}

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:2019 واقعات]]
[[زٲژ:2020 واقعات]]</text>
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| کھٔٹِتھ = اَمیِک حِصہٕ، اَتھ مُتلِق فِہرِست
}}

'''عالمی کووِڈ 19 وبٲیی مرض''' یا '''کووِڈ-19 مہمٲری''' (یتھ '''کورونا وائرس وبائی مرض''' تہِ ونان چھِ)، یُس شدید ریسپریٹری سنڈروم کورونا وائرس 2 (SARS-CoV-2) کہ وجہ سۭتۍ گوٚو، دسمبر 2019 ہس منز [[ووٗہان]]، [[چیٖن|چیٖنس]] منز اکہِ وبا سیتۍ شروع گوو۔ یہِ پھٔہلییہِ [[ایشیا]] کٮ۪ن باقٕے حِصن تہٕ پتہٕ 2020 کِس شُروٗعاتس منٛز پوٗرٕ دُنیاہَس منٛز۔ [[عالمی صحت اِدارٕ|ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنایزیشن]] (ڈبلیو ایچ او) کوٚر 30 جنوری 2020 وبا بین الاقوٲمی تشویش ہُند عوٲمی صحت ایمرجنسی (PHEIC) قرار تہٕ کوٚرُن 11 مارٕچ یہِ وبا بنیومُت۔ ڈبلیو ایچ او ہن کوٚر اعلان زِ کووِڈ 19 کہِ وجہ سۭتۍ گٔیہِ عوٲمی صحتٕچ ہنگٲمی حالت مئی 2023 ہس منٛز ختم، ییٚلہِ زِ کووِڈ 19 چھُ عالمی صحتُک خطرٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;reuters&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:cite|web |vauthors=Rigby J, Satija B |date=8 May 2023 |title=WHO declares end to COVID global health emergency |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/covid-is-no-longer-global-health-emergency-who-2023-05-05/ |website=Reuters |access-date=9 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

17 جولائی 2026 تام، کووِڈ-19 کہ وجہ سٕتۍ گٲی تصدیق شدہ موت تہٕ 18.5 پیٹھہٕ 35.2 مِلیَن تام اندازٕ مطٲبق موتھ۔ {{nbsp}} یہ وبٲیی ٲس تٲریٖخٕچ شیٚیم ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ خطرناک وبٲیی۔  {{حَوالہٕ ضروٗرتھ|date=July 2026}}

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:2019 واقعات]]
[[زٲژ:2020 واقعات]]</text>
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      <comment>باٹ چھُ غَلطی ٹھیٖکھ کَران [[وِکیٖپیٖڈیا:AutoWikiBrowser/Typos|غَلطی فِہرِست مُطٲبِق]]</comment>
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}}

'''عالمی کووِڈ 19 وبٲیی مرض''' یا '''کووِڈ-19 مہمٲری''' (یَتھ '''کورونا وایرس وبایی مرض''' تہِ ونان چھِ)، یُس شدید ریسپریٹری سنڈروم کورونا وایرس 2 (SARS-CoV-2) کہ وجہ سٟتؠ گوٚو، دَسَمبَر 2019 ہس مَنٛز [[ووٗہان]]، [[چیٖن|چیٖنس]] مَنٛز اکہِ وبا سیتؠ شۆروٗع گوو۔ یہِ پھٔہلییہِ [[ایشیا]] کؠن باقٕے حِصن تہٕ پتہٕ 2020 کِس شُروٗعاتس مَنٛز پوٗرٕ دُنؠ‌یاہَس مَنٛز۔ [[عالمی صحت اِدارٕ|ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنایزیشن]] (ڈبلیو ایچ او) کوٚر 30 جَنؤری 2020 وبا بین الاقوٲمی تشویش ہُنٛد عوٲمی صحت ایمرجنسی (PHEIC) قرار تہٕ کوٚرُن 11 مارٕچ یہِ وبا بنیومُت۔ ڈبلیو ایچ او ہن کوٚر اعلان زِ کووِڈ 19 کہِ وجہ سٟتؠ گٔیہِ عوٲمی صحتٕچ ہنگٲمی حالت میی 2023 ہس مَنٛز ختم، ییٚلہِ زِ کووِڈ 19 چھُ عالمی صحتُک خطرٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;reuters&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:cite|web |vauthors=Rigby J, Satija B |date=8 May 2023 |title=WHO declares end to COVID global health emergency |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/covid-is-no-longer-global-health-emergency-who-2023-05-05/ |website=Reuters |access-date=9 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

17 جُلَے 2026 تام، کووِڈ-19 کہ وجہ سٕتؠ گٲی تصدیق شدہ موت تہٕ 18.5 پیٹھہٕ 35.2 مِلیَن تام اندازٕ مطٲبق موتھ۔ {{nbsp}} یہِ وبٲیی ٲس تٲریٖخٕچ شیٚیم ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ خطرناک وبٲیی۔  {{حَوالہٕ ضروٗرتھ|date=July 2026}}

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:2019 واقعات]]
[[زٲژ:2020 واقعات]]</text>
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| کھٔٹِتھ = اَمیِک حِصہٕ، اَتھ مُتلِق فِہرِست
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'''عالمی کووِڈ 19 وبٲیی مرض''' یا '''کووِڈ-19 مہمٲری''' (یَتھ '''کورونا وایرس وبایی مرض''' تہِ ونان چھِ)، یُس شدید ریسپریٹری سنڈروم کورونا وایرس 2 (SARS-CoV-2) کہ وجہ سٟتؠ گوٚو، دَسَمبَر 2019 ہس مَنٛز [[ووٗہان]]، [[چیٖن|چیٖنس]] مَنٛز اکہِ وبا سٟتؠ شۆروٗع گوو۔ یہِ پھٔہلییہِ [[ایشیا]] کؠن باقٕے حِصن تہٕ پتہٕ 2020 کِس شُروٗعاتس مَنٛز پوٗرٕ دُنؠ‌یاہَس مَنٛز۔ [[عالمی صحت اِدارٕ|ورلڈ ہیلتھ آرگنایزیشن]] (ڈبلیو ایچ او) کوٚر 30 جَنؤری 2020 وبا بین الاقوٲمی تشویش ہُنٛد عوٲمی صحت ایمرجنسی (PHEIC) قرار تہٕ کوٚرُن 11 مارٕچ یہِ وبا بنیومُت۔ ڈبلیو ایچ او ہن کوٚر اعلان زِ کووِڈ 19 کہِ وجہ سٟتؠ گٔیہِ عوٲمی صحتٕچ ہنگٲمی حالت میی 2023 ہس مَنٛز ختم، ییٚلہِ زِ کووِڈ 19 چھُ عالمی صحتُک خطرٕ۔&lt;ref name=&quot;reuters&quot;&gt;{{#invoke:cite|web |vauthors=Rigby J, Satija B |date=8 May 2023 |title=WHO declares end to COVID global health emergency |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/covid-is-no-longer-global-health-emergency-who-2023-05-05/ |website=Reuters |access-date=9 May 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;

17 جُلَے 2026 تام، کووِڈ-19 کہ وجہ سٕتؠ گٲی تصدیق شدہ موت تہٕ 18.5 پیٹھہٕ 35.2 مِلیَن تام اندازٕ مطٲبق موتھ۔ {{nbsp}} یہِ وبٲیی ٲس تٲریٖخٕچ شیٚیم ساروٕے کھۄتہٕ خطرناک وبٲیی۔  {{حَوالہٕ ضروٗرتھ|date=July 2026}}

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:2019 واقعات]]
[[زٲژ:2020 واقعات]]</text>
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      <comment>&quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1365057437|Slug]]&quot; ضفُک اِنتدٲیی حِصُک تَرجَمہٕ طور تَخلیق کَرنہٕ آمُت</comment>
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      <text bytes="1465" sha1="q5i18nc502xr9z2jggwr82hbn0kfvcd" xml:space="preserve">'''کنہِ گاو''' چھُ عام طور پٲٹھؠ کاوِشُپ رۆس زمیٖنی گیسٹروپوک مولاسک خٲطرٕ اکھ عام ناو لفظ سلگ چھ اکثر کنہٕ تہٕ گیسٹروپوک مولسک کہ عام ناو کہ حصہٕ کس طورس پیٹھ تہٕ استعمال یوان کرنہٕ یتھ کن نہٕ کنٛہہ خول چھ، اکھ واریاہ کم خول، یا صرف اکھ لۄکٹ اندرونی خول، خاص طورس پیٹھ سمندری ''سلگ۔'' تہٕ نیم سلگس (یہٕ چھ عام ناوک گھونگھرن برعکس، یوس لاگو چھ گژھان گیسٹرو پوڈس پیٹھ یمن ہند کنڈلیڈ خول چھ یوتا بوڑ آسان ز تیم ہیکن پنن نرم حصہٕ اتھ منز مکمل طورس پیٹھ واپس نتھ۔

زمینی سلگن ہنٛد مختلف درجہ بندی [[پرٛٲژ|خاندان۔]] چھ مختلف ارتقٲئی نسبک حصہٕ بنان، یمن منٛز گھونگھہٕ تہٕ شٲمل چھ۔ اتھ پٲٹھۍ چھنہٕ سلگن ہٕنٛدۍ مختلف خاندان پوٗرٕ جسمٲنی شکلہ منٛز سطحی مماثلت باوجوٗد نزدیکی تعلق تھاوان۔ کنورجنٹ ارتقاء کہ مثال کہ طورس پیٹھ چھ شیل کم حالت واریاہ لٹہٕ آزادانہ طورس پیٹھ پٲدٕ گٲمٕتۍ، تہٕ اتھٲی پٲٹھ چھ زمرہ &quot;1&quot; سلگ &quot;2&quot; پولی فائیلیٹک۔</text>
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'''کنہِ گاو''' چھُ عام طور پٲٹھؠ کاوِشُپ رۆس زمیٖنی گیسٹروپوک مولاسک خٲطرٕ اکھ عام ناو لفظ سلگ چھ اکثر کنہٕ تہٕ گیسٹروپوک مولسک کہ عام ناو کہ حصہٕ کس طورس پیٹھ تہٕ استعمال یوان کرنہٕ یتھ کن نہٕ کنٛہہ خول چھ، اکھ واریاہ کم خول، یا صرف اکھ لۄکٹ اندرونی خول، خاص طورس پیٹھ سمندری ''سلگ۔'' تہٕ نیم سلگس (یہٕ چھ عام ناوک گھونگھرن برعکس، یوس لاگو چھ گژھان گیسٹرو پوڈس پیٹھ یمن ہند کنڈلیڈ خول چھ یوتا بوڑ آسان ز تیم ہیکن پنن نرم حصہٕ اتھ منز مکمل طورس پیٹھ واپس نتھ۔

زمینی سلگن ہنٛد مختلف درجہ بندی [[پرٛٲژ|خاندان۔]] چھ مختلف ارتقٲئی نسبک حصہٕ بنان، یمن منٛز گھونگھہٕ تہٕ شٲمل چھ۔ اتھ پٲٹھۍ چھنہٕ سلگن ہٕنٛدۍ مختلف خاندان پوٗرٕ جسمٲنی شکلہ منٛز سطحی مماثلت باوجوٗد نزدیکی تعلق تھاوان۔ کنورجنٹ ارتقاء کہ مثال کہ طورس پیٹھ چھ شیل کم حالت واریاہ لٹہٕ آزادانہ طورس پیٹھ پٲدٕ گٲمٕتۍ، تہٕ اتھٲی پٲٹھ چھ زمرہ &quot;1&quot; سلگ &quot;2&quot; پولی فائیلیٹک۔</text>
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'''کنہِ گاو''' چھُ عام طور پٲٹھؠ کریۆژھ رۆس زمیٖنی گیسٹروپوک مولاسک خٲطرٕ اکھ عام ناو لفظ سلگ چھ اکثر کنہٕ تہٕ گیسٹروپوک مولسک کہ عام ناو کہ حصہٕ کس طورس پیٹھ تہٕ استعمال یوان کرنہٕ یتھ کن نہٕ کنٛہہ خول چھ، اکھ واریاہ کم خول، یا صرف اکھ لۄکٹ اندرونی خول، خاص طورس پیٹھ سمندری ''سلگ۔'' تہٕ نیم سلگس (یہٕ چھ عام ناوک گھونگھرن برعکس، یوس لاگو چھ گژھان گیسٹرو پوڈس پیٹھ یمن ہند کنڈلیڈ خول چھ یوتا بوڑ آسان ز تیم ہیکن پنن نرم حصہٕ اتھ منز مکمل طورس پیٹھ واپس نتھ۔

زمینی سلگن ہنٛد مختلف درجہ بندی [[پرٛٲژ|خاندان۔]] چھ مختلف ارتقٲئی نسبک حصہٕ بنان، یمن منٛز گھونگھہٕ تہٕ شٲمل چھ۔ اتھ پٲٹھۍ چھنہٕ سلگن ہٕنٛدۍ مختلف خاندان پوٗرٕ جسمٲنی شکلہ منٛز سطحی مماثلت باوجوٗد نزدیکی تعلق تھاوان۔ کنورجنٹ ارتقاء کہ مثال کہ طورس پیٹھ چھ شیل کم حالت واریاہ لٹہٕ آزادانہ طورس پیٹھ پٲدٕ گٲمٕتۍ، تہٕ اتھٲی پٲٹھ چھ زمرہ &quot;1&quot; سلگ &quot;2&quot; پولی فائیلیٹک۔</text>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{مولوٗماتھ}} ہٲنٛگنین چھُ اَکھ فوٹوسٹومِک انوورٹیبریٹ جانورَن ہُنٛد فایلم، یِمَن ہِنٛد بٲژ چھِ ہٲنٛگِنؠ ناو سٕتؠ زانہٕ یِوان۔ ہٲنٛگنین ہٕنٛز 86,600 زِنٛدٕ قٕسمہٕ چھِ تسلیم کرنہٕ آمٕتہِ، ییٚمہِ سٕتؠ یہِ آرتھروپوڈا پَتہٕ جانورَن ہُنٛد دوٚیم سارِوی کھۄوتہٕ بۆڑ فا...&quot;</comment>
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ہٲنٛگنین چھُ اَکھ فوٹوسٹومِک انوورٹیبریٹ جانورَن ہُنٛد فایلم، یِمَن ہِنٛد بٲژ چھِ ہٲنٛگِنؠ ناو سٕتؠ زانہٕ یِوان۔ ہٲنٛگنین ہٕنٛز 86,600 زِنٛدٕ قٕسمہٕ چھِ تسلیم کرنہٕ آمٕتہِ، ییٚمہِ سٕتؠ یہِ آرتھروپوڈا پَتہٕ جانورَن ہُنٛد دوٚیم سارِوی کھۄوتہٕ بۆڑ فایلم بَناوان چھُ۔ [[سانٛگُر]] قٕسمَن ہُنٛد تعداد چھُ 60,000 تہٕ 100,000 دوران تخمینہٕ کرنہٕ آمُت، تہٕ اوؠستٲرؠ زٲژن ہٕنٛز تعداد چھِ سؠٹھا بٔڈ۔</text>
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  <page>
    <title>2026 بَنٛگلہ دیٖشی عام چُناو</title>
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      <comment>&quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1367398036|2026 Bangladeshi general election]]&quot; ضفُک اِنتدٲیی حِصُک تَرجَمہٕ طور تَخلیق کَرنہٕ آمُت</comment>
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      <text bytes="1705" sha1="44noyymgj1hpnz1laor9jrm7t761ylz" xml:space="preserve">[[بَنٛگلہ دیٖش|بَنٛگلہ دیشَس]] منٛز گٔیہِ عام چُناو 12 فروری 2026 دۄہ، یُس [[شیخ حسینَہ|شیخ حسینہ]] سٕنٛز 15 ؤرۍیَن ہٕنٛز دورِ حکوٗمت 2024 کِس جولائی بغاوتس منٛز ختم گَژھنہٕ پتہٕ گۄڈٕنیُک اِنتِخابات اوس۔ [[طاریق رحمان]] سٕنٛدِس قیادتس منٛز کٔر [[بَنٛگلہ دیش نیشنلسٹ پارٹی]] (بی این پی) اکھ اہم جیٖت حٲصِل، تہٕ کٔرٕن زٕ ترٛیٚیم سیٖٹہٕ حٲصِل۔ پٔتِمہِ ژور اِنتِخابات زیننہٕ پتہٕ آو عوامی لیگَس حصہٕ نِنس پیٹھ پابٔنٛدی لاگنہٕ، ییٚمہِ کِس نٔتیٖجس منٛز بُنیٲدی طور بی این پی تہٕ بنگلہ دیش جماعت اِسلامی کِس قیادتس منٛز یکجوتس درمیان مُقابلہٕ گوٚو۔ 127 ملیَن کھۄتہٕ زِیٛادٕ ووٹر ٲسۍ اہل، یَتھ منٛز 2,028 وۄمیدوار ٲسۍ 299 سیٹَن خٲطرٕ مقابلہٕ کران۔ مہمہِ ہٕنٛدٮ۪ن بٔڑٮ۪ن مسلن منٛز ٲس بے روزگٲری، بدعنوانی، تہٕ نوجوانَن تہٕ اقلیتَن ہٕنٛز نمائندگی شٲمِل۔ قٲبلِ ذِکِر کتھ چھِ یہِ زِ پوسٹل بیلٹ آیہِ گۄڈٕنِچہِ لَٹہِ تارکین وطن تہٕ نظربندَن خٲطرٕ استعمال کرنہٕ، تہٕ حالٕے عالمی نوجوانَن ہٕنٛدِ احتجاجہٕ کِنۍ آو اِنتِخابَس دُنیاہُک گۄڈٕنیُک &quot;جیٚن زی اِنسپائرڈ&quot; چُناو۔</text>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-04T07:57:24Z</timestamp>
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        <id>11062</id>
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      <text bytes="1727" sha1="8euilbumhs191qhb2ffpfjdmqpt142u" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox election}}

[[بَنٛگلہ دیٖش|بَنٛگلہ دیشَس]] منٛز گٔیہِ عام چُناو 12 فروری 2026 دۄہ، یُس [[شیخ حسینَہ|شیخ حسینہ]] سٕنٛز 15 ؤرۍیَن ہٕنٛز دورِ حکوٗمت 2024 کِس جولائی بغاوتس منٛز ختم گَژھنہٕ پتہٕ گۄڈٕنیُک اِنتِخابات اوس۔ [[طاریق رحمان]] سٕنٛدِس قیادتس منٛز کٔر [[بَنٛگلہ دیش نیشنلسٹ پارٹی]] (بی این پی) اکھ اہم جیٖت حٲصِل، تہٕ کٔرٕن زٕ ترٛیٚیم سیٖٹہٕ حٲصِل۔ پٔتِمہِ ژور اِنتِخابات زیننہٕ پتہٕ آو عوامی لیگَس حصہٕ نِنس پیٹھ پابٔنٛدی لاگنہٕ، ییٚمہِ کِس نٔتیٖجس منٛز بُنیٲدی طور بی این پی تہٕ بنگلہ دیش جماعت اِسلامی کِس قیادتس منٛز یکجوتس درمیان مُقابلہٕ گوٚو۔ 127 ملیَن کھۄتہٕ زِیٛادٕ ووٹر ٲسۍ اہل، یَتھ منٛز 2,028 وۄمیدوار ٲسۍ 299 سیٹَن خٲطرٕ مقابلہٕ کران۔ مہمہِ ہٕنٛدٮ۪ن بٔڑٮ۪ن مسلن منٛز ٲس بے روزگٲری، بدعنوانی، تہٕ نوجوانَن تہٕ اقلیتَن ہٕنٛز نمائندگی شٲمِل۔ قٲبلِ ذِکِر کتھ چھِ یہِ زِ پوسٹل بیلٹ آیہِ گۄڈٕنِچہِ لَٹہِ تارکین وطن تہٕ نظربندَن خٲطرٕ استعمال کرنہٕ، تہٕ حالٕے عالمی نوجوانَن ہٕنٛدِ احتجاجہٕ کِنۍ آو اِنتِخابَس دُنیاہُک گۄڈٕنیُک &quot;جیٚن زی اِنسپائرڈ&quot; چُناو۔</text>
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  <page>
    <title>تقریری</title>
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        <username>آیات محراج</username>
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      <comment>Created page with &quot;تقرری چھِ کٲنٛسہِ شخصہٕ سٕنٛز کُنہِ دفتر، عۄہدٕ یا عۄہدَس پٮ۪ٹھ باضٲبطہٕ تعینات کرنس وَنان۔&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="168" sha1="so1o2g9joann4t1nj2z3hxdh25hfo4s" xml:space="preserve">تقرری چھِ کٲنٛسہِ شخصہٕ سٕنٛز کُنہِ دفتر، عۄہدٕ یا عۄہدَس پٮ۪ٹھ باضٲبطہٕ تعینات کرنس وَنان۔</text>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:06:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
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      <comment>/* */</comment>
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      <text bytes="353" sha1="89h03bcaw2w6oyyu4j1e0drvu56bs2k" xml:space="preserve">'''تقرری''' چھِ کٲنٛسہِ شخصہٕ سٕنٛز کُنہِ دفتر، عۄہدٕ یا عۄہدَس پٮ۪ٹھ باضٲبطہٕ تعینات کرنس وَنان۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|title=appointment|url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318578|access-date=2026-08-04|website=www.wikidata.org|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== حَوالہٕ ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>رَوِنٛدَر رینا</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:18:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>&quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360031343|Ravinder Raina]]&quot; ضفُک اِنتدٲیی حِصُک تَرجَمہٕ طور تَخلیق کَرنہٕ آمُت</comment>
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      <text bytes="1430" sha1="ggtttuuc5876dbr5trxcjt1h57lxrsg" xml:space="preserve">'''رویندر رینا''' (زامُت 31 جنوری 1977) چھ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] اکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ سیاست دان۔ سہ چھ [[راشٹریہ سویم سیوک سنگھ]] (آر ایس ایس) رکن۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=1 May 2018|title=Firebrand Ravinder Raina gets BJP's top post in J&amp;K|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/firebrand-ravinder-raina-gets-bjps-top-post-in-jk/articleshow/64156636.cms|access-date=16 January 2020|website=The Economic Times|publisher=Economic Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=|title=BJP's New J&amp;K State President: Aggressive, Young And Controversial|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/ravinder-raina-how-this-aggressive-young-and-controversial-leader-made-it-to-bjp/311939|access-date=16 January 2020|publisher=Outlookindia.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/ravinder-raina-reelected-jk-bjp-president/article30573206.ece|title=Ravinder Raina re-elected J&amp;K BJP president|journal=The Hindu|date=15 January 2020|accessdate=16 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ اوس [[بھارتی جَنتا پارٹی|بی جے پی]] جے اینٛڈ کے ریاستی اکٲیی ہنٛد ٲخری صدر تہٕ جے اینڈ کے مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ اکٲیی ہنٛد گۄڈنیوک صدر۔</text>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:20:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>مِلاوُن  [[زٲژ:جیٚمِک لوٗکھ]] تٔژ زٲژ کِہ مَرَتھہٕ سٲتؠ</comment>
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      <text bytes="1519" sha1="4fj0ghzztzcv1uxjv964lhwbju8vecr" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder/Wikidata}}
'''رویندر رینا''' (زامُت 31 جنوری 1977) چھ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] اکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ سیاست دان۔ سہ چھ [[راشٹریہ سویم سیوک سنگھ]] (آر ایس ایس) رکن۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=1 May 2018|title=Firebrand Ravinder Raina gets BJP's top post in J&amp;K|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/firebrand-ravinder-raina-gets-bjps-top-post-in-jk/articleshow/64156636.cms|access-date=16 January 2020|website=The Economic Times|publisher=Economic Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=|title=BJP's New J&amp;K State President: Aggressive, Young And Controversial|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/ravinder-raina-how-this-aggressive-young-and-controversial-leader-made-it-to-bjp/311939|access-date=16 January 2020|publisher=Outlookindia.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/ravinder-raina-reelected-jk-bjp-president/article30573206.ece|title=Ravinder Raina re-elected J&amp;K BJP president|journal=The Hindu|date=15 January 2020|accessdate=16 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ اوس [[بھارتی جَنتا پارٹی|بی جے پی]] جے اینٛڈ کے ریاستی اکٲیی ہنٛد ٲخری صدر تہٕ جے اینڈ کے مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ اکٲیی ہنٛد گۄڈنیوک صدر۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:جیٚمِک لوٗکھ]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>147720</id>
      <parentid>147719</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:24:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>147720</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1530" sha1="fteq2oxqm3lda2v40syqixoz576ddrt" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder/Wikidata|noicon=Yes}}
'''رویندر رینا''' (زامُت 31 جنوری 1977) چھ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] اکھ ہِندوستٲنؠ سیاست دان۔ سہ چھ [[راشٹریہ سویم سیوک سنگھ]] (آر ایس ایس) رکن۔&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=1 May 2018|title=Firebrand Ravinder Raina gets BJP's top post in J&amp;K|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/firebrand-ravinder-raina-gets-bjps-top-post-in-jk/articleshow/64156636.cms|access-date=16 January 2020|website=The Economic Times|publisher=Economic Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=|title=BJP's New J&amp;K State President: Aggressive, Young And Controversial|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/ravinder-raina-how-this-aggressive-young-and-controversial-leader-made-it-to-bjp/311939|access-date=16 January 2020|publisher=Outlookindia.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/ravinder-raina-reelected-jk-bjp-president/article30573206.ece|title=Ravinder Raina re-elected J&amp;K BJP president|journal=The Hindu|date=15 January 2020|accessdate=16 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; سُہ اوس [[بھارتی جَنتا پارٹی|بی جے پی]] جے اینٛڈ کے ریاستی اکٲیی ہنٛد ٲخری صدر تہٕ جے اینڈ کے مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ اکٲیی ہنٛد گۄڈنیوک صدر۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:جیٚمِک لوٗکھ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>رویندر رینا</title>
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    <redirect title="رَوِنٛدَر رینا" />
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      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:18:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>رَجوٗع مُکَرر تَخلیٖق کَران</comment>
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      <text bytes="41" sha1="2epir5e58lqfuso5fzk5qv8xoket8q1" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[رَوِنٛدَر_رینا]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>نوشہرہ، جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32039</id>
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:29:37Z</timestamp>
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        <id>11062</id>
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      <comment>&quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359986667|Nowshera, Jammu and Kashmir]]&quot; ضفُک اِنتدٲیی حِصُک تَرجَمہٕ طور تَخلیق کَرنہٕ آمُت</comment>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="883" sha1="7247f9lir536ssq3dk2e8iwrsaa1jht" xml:space="preserve">''''''نوشیرہ'''''' (متبادل طورس پیٹھ نوشہرہ تہٕ نوشہرا) چھُ اکھ قصبہٕ تہٕ چھ بھارتی مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کس [[جۆم حِصہٕ]] منٛز [[راجوری ضِلہٕ]] کس اکس [[تَحصیٖل|تحصیل]] صدر دفتر۔یہِ چھُ [[راجوری]] شہر، ضلعہٕ ہیڈکوارٹر پٮ۪ٹھٕ تقریباً 53 کلومیٹر کِس فٲصلَس پٮ۪ٹھ واقعہٕ۔ یہِ چھُ أکِس میونسپل کمیٹی کِس زیر انتظام تہٕ نوشہرہ کِس گٲمی علاقَس منٛز چھِ 14 پنچایتَن پٮ۪ٹھ مشتمل یِم ضلعہٕ انتظامیہ راجوری کِس نگرٲنی منٛز مُقٲمی ادارَن ہٕنٛدِ زیر انتظام چھِ۔</text>
      <sha1>7247f9lir536ssq3dk2e8iwrsaa1jht</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>147722</id>
      <parentid>147721</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:32:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>147722</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1029" sha1="dh5cbcj1l9s9b7b4reewvx5u4f0zcma" xml:space="preserve">{{For|سِریٖنَگَرس مَنٛز یُتھُے ناوُک جاے خٲطرٕ|نَوشہر، سِریٖنَگَر}}{{Infobox political geography}}

'''نوشیرہ''' (متبادل طورس پیٹھ نوشہرہ تہٕ نوشہرا) چھُ اکھ قصبہٕ تہٕ چھ بھارتی مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کس [[جۆم حِصہٕ]] منٛز [[راجوری ضِلہٕ]] کس اکس [[تَحصیٖل|تحصیل]] صدر دفتر۔یہِ چھُ [[راجوری]] شہر، ضلعہٕ ہیڈکوارٹر پٮ۪ٹھٕ تقریباً 53 کلومیٹر کِس فٲصلَس پٮ۪ٹھ واقعہٕ۔ یہِ چھُ أکِس میونسپل کمیٹی کِس زیر انتظام تہٕ نوشہرہ کِس گٲمی علاقَس منٛز چھِ 14 پنچایتَن پٮ۪ٹھ مشتمل یِم ضلعہٕ انتظامیہ راجوری کِس نگرٲنی منٛز مُقٲمی ادارَن ہٕنٛدِ زیر انتظام چھِ۔</text>
      <sha1>dh5cbcj1l9s9b7b4reewvx5u4f0zcma</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>147723</id>
      <parentid>147722</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:34:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>مِلاوُن  [[زٲژ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہٕنٛدؠ جاے]] تٔژ زٲژ کِہ مَرَتھہٕ سٲتؠ</comment>
      <origin>147723</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1107" sha1="cni7euemg6m3d114yfvjsmzlka2jclu" xml:space="preserve">{{For|سِریٖنَگَرس مَنٛز یُتھُے ناوُک جاے خٲطرٕ|نَوشہر، سِریٖنَگَر}}{{Infobox political geography}}

'''نوشیرہ''' (متبادل طورس پیٹھ نوشہرہ تہٕ نوشہرا) چھُ اکھ قصبہٕ تہٕ چھ بھارتی مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کس [[جۆم حِصہٕ]] منٛز [[راجوری ضِلہٕ]] کس اکس [[تَحصیٖل|تحصیل]] صدر دفتر۔یہِ چھُ [[راجوری]] شہر، ضلعہٕ ہیڈکوارٹر پٮ۪ٹھٕ تقریباً 53 کلومیٹر کِس فٲصلَس پٮ۪ٹھ واقعہٕ۔ یہِ چھُ أکِس میونسپل کمیٹی کِس زیر انتظام تہٕ نوشہرہ کِس گٲمی علاقَس منٛز چھِ 14 پنچایتَن پٮ۪ٹھ مشتمل یِم ضلعہٕ انتظامیہ راجوری کِس نگرٲنی منٛز مُقٲمی ادارَن ہٕنٛدِ زیر انتظام چھِ۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہٕنٛدؠ جاے]]</text>
      <sha1>cni7euemg6m3d114yfvjsmzlka2jclu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>147724</id>
      <parentid>147723</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:35:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[نوشیرہ، جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] صَفہٕ آو پَکناونہٕ [[نوشہرہ، جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] جاے، پَکناوَن وول صٲرف آیات محراج </comment>
      <origin>147723</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1107" sha1="cni7euemg6m3d114yfvjsmzlka2jclu" xml:space="preserve">{{For|سِریٖنَگَرس مَنٛز یُتھُے ناوُک جاے خٲطرٕ|نَوشہر، سِریٖنَگَر}}{{Infobox political geography}}

'''نوشیرہ''' (متبادل طورس پیٹھ نوشہرہ تہٕ نوشہرا) چھُ اکھ قصبہٕ تہٕ چھ بھارتی مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کس [[جۆم حِصہٕ]] منٛز [[راجوری ضِلہٕ]] کس اکس [[تَحصیٖل|تحصیل]] صدر دفتر۔یہِ چھُ [[راجوری]] شہر، ضلعہٕ ہیڈکوارٹر پٮ۪ٹھٕ تقریباً 53 کلومیٹر کِس فٲصلَس پٮ۪ٹھ واقعہٕ۔ یہِ چھُ أکِس میونسپل کمیٹی کِس زیر انتظام تہٕ نوشہرہ کِس گٲمی علاقَس منٛز چھِ 14 پنچایتَن پٮ۪ٹھ مشتمل یِم ضلعہٕ انتظامیہ راجوری کِس نگرٲنی منٛز مُقٲمی ادارَن ہٕنٛدِ زیر انتظام چھِ۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہٕنٛدؠ جاے]]</text>
      <sha1>cni7euemg6m3d114yfvjsmzlka2jclu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>147726</id>
      <parentid>147724</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:35:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>147726</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1107" sha1="q9f9n5k40bf3p3zaksoo1902go0taks" xml:space="preserve">{{For|سِریٖنَگَرس مَنٛز یُتھُے ناوُک جاے خٲطرٕ|نَوشہر، سِریٖنَگَر}}{{Infobox political geography}}

'''نوشہرہ''' (متبادل طورس پیٹھ نوشیرہ تہٕ نوشہرا) چھُ اکھ قصبہٕ تہٕ چھ بھارتی مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کس [[جۆم حِصہٕ]] منٛز [[راجوری ضِلہٕ]] کس اکس [[تَحصیٖل|تحصیل]] صدر دفتر۔یہِ چھُ [[راجوری]] شہر، ضلعہٕ ہیڈکوارٹر پٮ۪ٹھٕ تقریباً 53 کلومیٹر کِس فٲصلَس پٮ۪ٹھ واقعہٕ۔ یہِ چھُ أکِس میونسپل کمیٹی کِس زیر انتظام تہٕ نوشہرہ کِس گٲمی علاقَس منٛز چھِ 14 پنچایتَن پٮ۪ٹھ مشتمل یِم ضلعہٕ انتظامیہ راجوری کِس نگرٲنی منٛز مُقٲمی ادارَن ہٕنٛدِ زیر انتظام چھِ۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہٕنٛدؠ جاے]]</text>
      <sha1>q9f9n5k40bf3p3zaksoo1902go0taks</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>147727</id>
      <parentid>147726</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:37:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>147727</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1322" sha1="lvvbqqkplz66rzssb91n498pugk0dpk" xml:space="preserve">{{For|سِریٖنَگَرس مَنٛز یُتھُے ناوُک جاے خٲطرٕ|نَوشہر، سِریٖنَگَر}}{{Infobox political geography}}

'''نوشہرہ''' (متبادل طورس پیٹھ نوشیرہ تہٕ نوشہرا) چھُ اکھ قصبہٕ تہٕ چھ بھارتی مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (مَرکَزی عَلاقہٕ)|جموں و کشمیر]] کس [[جۆم حِصہٕ]] منٛز [[راجوری ضِلہٕ]] کس اکس [[تَحصیٖل|تحصیل]] صدر دفتر۔&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.rajouri.nic.in/Adm.htm Administrative setup], Rajouri district web site, {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220171238/http://www.rajouri.nic.in/Adm.htm|date=20 December 2016}}.&lt;/ref&gt; یہِ چھُ [[راجوری]] شہر، ضلعہٕ ہیڈکوارٹر پٮ۪ٹھٕ تقریباً 53 کلومیٹر کِس فٲصلَس پٮ۪ٹھ واقعہٕ۔ یہِ چھُ أکِس میونسپل کمیٹی کِس زیر انتظام تہٕ نوشہرہ کِس گٲمی علاقَس منٛز چھِ 14 پنچایتَن پٮ۪ٹھ مشتمل یِم ضلعہٕ انتظامیہ راجوری کِس نگرٲنی منٛز مُقٲمی ادارَن ہٕنٛدِ زیر انتظام چھِ۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہٕنٛدؠ جاے]]</text>
      <sha1>lvvbqqkplz66rzssb91n498pugk0dpk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>نوشیرہ، جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32040</id>
    <redirect title="نوشہرہ، جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر" />
    <revision>
      <id>147725</id>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:35:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[نوشیرہ، جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] صَفہٕ آو پَکناونہٕ [[نوشہرہ، جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] جاے، پَکناوَن وول صٲرف آیات محراج </comment>
      <origin>147725</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="55" sha1="kxb9zvie82w8f383jj960lgnlqx1g4h" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[نوشہرہ، جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]]</text>
      <sha1>kxb9zvie82w8f383jj960lgnlqx1g4h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سۆوُر</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32041</id>
    <redirect title="صۆوُر، سِریٖنَگَر" />
    <revision>
      <id>147728</id>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:38:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[صۆوُر]] پؠٹھ رجوٗع مُکَرر</comment>
      <origin>147728</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="24" sha1="4ejz00tbzi7eumdpfap79948ht4ppn9" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[صۆوُر]]</text>
      <sha1>4ejz00tbzi7eumdpfap79948ht4ppn9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>147729</id>
      <parentid>147728</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:38:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>147729</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="47" sha1="s6kcvvgl03vltjsrdvgvpbbdip7liya" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[صۆوُر، سِریٖنَگَر]]</text>
      <sha1>s6kcvvgl03vltjsrdvgvpbbdip7liya</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>نوشہرا، جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32042</id>
    <redirect title="نوشہرہ، جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر" />
    <revision>
      <id>147732</id>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:42:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[نوشہرہ، جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] پؠٹھ رجوٗع مُکَرر</comment>
      <origin>147732</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="55" sha1="kxb9zvie82w8f383jj960lgnlqx1g4h" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[نوشہرہ، جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]]</text>
      <sha1>kxb9zvie82w8f383jj960lgnlqx1g4h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>رَویندَر رینا</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32043</id>
    <redirect title="رَوِنٛدَر رینا" />
    <revision>
      <id>147733</id>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T09:42:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[رَوِنٛدَر رینا]] پؠٹھ رجوٗع مُکَرر</comment>
      <origin>147733</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="41" sha1="89cenabonkjrdsg2xcqus6c17wbkx2l" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[رَوِنٛدَر رینا]]</text>
      <sha1>89cenabonkjrdsg2xcqus6c17wbkx2l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>2019 ہِندوستٲنؠ عام چُناو جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر مَنٛز</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32044</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147734</id>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T10:04:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>&quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1364585488|2019 Indian general election in Jammu and Kashmir]]&quot; ضفُک اِنتدٲیی حِصُک تَرجَمہٕ طور تَخلیق کَرنہٕ آمُت</comment>
      <origin>147734</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2234" sha1="6drz4gv0yctig4jcfipu5jlkbgz5wto" xml:space="preserve">[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] منٛز 2019 ہٕکۍ ہِنٛدُستٲنؠ عام الیکشن آیہِ ریاستہ منٛز شیٚن سیٖٹن باپتھ مُنعقد کرنہٕ۔ ووٹِنٛگ ہنٛد عمل آو 11، 18، 23، 29 اپریل تہٕ 6 مئی 2019 ہس منٛز پانژن مرحلن منٛز مُنعقد کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/election-commission-live-updates-lok-sabha-elections-to-be-conducted-in-7-phases/articleshow/68343581.cms|title=Lok Sabha Elections dates announced: Polls to be held from April 11 in 7 phases, counting on May 23|date=11 March 2019|journal=The Economic Times|accessdate=2019-03-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[بھارتی جَنتا پارٹی|بھارتیہ جنتا پارٹی]] تہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر قومی کانفرٛنٕس|جموں و کشمیر نیشنل کانفرنس]] زیٖنؠ 3-3 سیٹہٕ تہٕ بی جے پی یس ملے شاندار 46.4% ووٹ۔ جے کے این سی ہند ووٹن ہُند حِصہٕ اوس 7.9%۔ 
                                 
ریاستک [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہُنٛد خصوٗصی حیثیت ختم|خصوٗصی درجہ ختم گژھنہٕ]] برٛونٛہہ اوس یہِ ٲخری عام چُناو تہٕ پتہٕ امی ؤریہِ آو [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر تنظیٖم نو ایکٹ، 2019|ریاست دوٚن مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقن منٛز دوبارٕ بناونہٕ]]۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|agency=PTI|date=2019-08-07|title=President declares abrogation of provisions of Article 370|language=en-IN|journal=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/president-declares-abrogation-of-provisions-of-article-370/article28842850.ece|accessdate=2022-06-27|issn=0971-751X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2019-08-09|title=President Kovind gives assent to J&amp;K Reorganisation Bill, two new UTs to come into effect from Oct 31|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/president-ram-nath-kovind-gives-assent-to-jk-reorganisation-bill-two-new-uts-come-into-effect-5892839/|access-date=2022-06-27|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>147735</id>
      <parentid>147734</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T10:06:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>147735</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3064" sha1="cbcm1tf3khnqez1zohoxdslibpqcgc0" xml:space="preserve">[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] منٛز 2019 ہٕکۍ ہِنٛدُستٲنؠ عام الیکشن آیہِ ریاستہ منٛز شیٚن سیٖٹن باپتھ مُنعقد کرنہٕ۔ ووٹِنٛگ ہنٛد عمل آو 11، 18، 23، 29 اپریل تہٕ 6 مئی 2019 ہس منٛز پانژن مرحلن منٛز مُنعقد کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/election-commission-live-updates-lok-sabha-elections-to-be-conducted-in-7-phases/articleshow/68343581.cms|title=Lok Sabha Elections dates announced: Polls to be held from April 11 in 7 phases, counting on May 23|date=11 March 2019|journal=The Economic Times|accessdate=2019-03-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[بھارتی جَنتا پارٹی|بھارتیہ جنتا پارٹی]] تہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر قومی کانفرٛنٕس|جموں و کشمیر نیشنل کانفرنس]] زیٖنؠ 3-3 سیٹہٕ تہٕ بی جے پی یس ملے شاندار 46.4% ووٹ۔ جے کے این سی ہند ووٹن ہُند حِصہٕ اوس 7.9%۔ 
                                 
ریاستک [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہُنٛد خصوٗصی حیثیت ختم|خصوٗصی درجہ ختم گژھنہٕ]] برٛونٛہہ اوس یہِ ٲخری عام چُناو تہٕ پتہٕ امی ؤریہِ آو [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر تنظیٖم نو ایکٹ، 2019|ریاست دوٚن مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقن منٛز دوبارٕ بناونہٕ]]۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|agency=PTI|date=2019-08-07|title=President declares abrogation of provisions of Article 370|language=en-IN|journal=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/president-declares-abrogation-of-provisions-of-article-370/article28842850.ece|accessdate=2022-06-27|issn=0971-751X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2019-08-09|title=President Kovind gives assent to J&amp;K Reorganisation Bill, two new UTs to come into effect from Oct 31|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/president-ram-nath-kovind-gives-assent-to-jk-reorganisation-bill-two-new-uts-come-into-effect-5892839/|access-date=2022-06-27|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==نٔتیٖجہٕ==

===جمٲژ حِصاب===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Party
![[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
![[Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference|JKNC]]
![[Indian National Congress|INC]]
![[Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party|JKPDP]]
|-
| style=&quot;background:orange;&quot; |
| style=&quot;background:#FF3D3D;&quot; |
| style=&quot;background:#00BFFF;&quot; |
| style=&quot; background:darkgreen;&quot; |
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Votes
|46.99 1,648,041
|7.87%, 280,356
|28.38%, 1,011,527
|3.38%, 1,20,754
|-
|{{percentage bar|46.39||ffa500}}
|{{percentage bar|7.89||ff3d3d}}
|{{percentage bar|28.47||00bfff}}
|{{percentage bar|2.37||004225}}
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Seats
|3 (50%)
|3 (50%)
|0 (0%)
|0 (0%)
|-
|{{Composition bar|3|6|hex=orange}}
|{{Composition bar|3|6|hex=#FF3D3D}}
|{{Composition bar|0|6|hex=aqua}}
|{{Composition bar|0|6|hex=darkgreen}}
|}</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>147736</id>
      <parentid>147735</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T10:07:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* جمٲژ حِصاب */</comment>
      <origin>147736</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3079" sha1="l4wopxwwz1ryu4m6luxbokx6eo93ntw" xml:space="preserve">[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] منٛز 2019 ہٕکۍ ہِنٛدُستٲنؠ عام الیکشن آیہِ ریاستہ منٛز شیٚن سیٖٹن باپتھ مُنعقد کرنہٕ۔ ووٹِنٛگ ہنٛد عمل آو 11، 18، 23، 29 اپریل تہٕ 6 مئی 2019 ہس منٛز پانژن مرحلن منٛز مُنعقد کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/election-commission-live-updates-lok-sabha-elections-to-be-conducted-in-7-phases/articleshow/68343581.cms|title=Lok Sabha Elections dates announced: Polls to be held from April 11 in 7 phases, counting on May 23|date=11 March 2019|journal=The Economic Times|accessdate=2019-03-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[بھارتی جَنتا پارٹی|بھارتیہ جنتا پارٹی]] تہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر قومی کانفرٛنٕس|جموں و کشمیر نیشنل کانفرنس]] زیٖنؠ 3-3 سیٹہٕ تہٕ بی جے پی یس ملے شاندار 46.4% ووٹ۔ جے کے این سی ہند ووٹن ہُند حِصہٕ اوس 7.9%۔ 
                                 
ریاستک [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہُنٛد خصوٗصی حیثیت ختم|خصوٗصی درجہ ختم گژھنہٕ]] برٛونٛہہ اوس یہِ ٲخری عام چُناو تہٕ پتہٕ امی ؤریہِ آو [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر تنظیٖم نو ایکٹ، 2019|ریاست دوٚن مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقن منٛز دوبارٕ بناونہٕ]]۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|agency=PTI|date=2019-08-07|title=President declares abrogation of provisions of Article 370|language=en-IN|journal=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/president-declares-abrogation-of-provisions-of-article-370/article28842850.ece|accessdate=2022-06-27|issn=0971-751X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2019-08-09|title=President Kovind gives assent to J&amp;K Reorganisation Bill, two new UTs to come into effect from Oct 31|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/president-ram-nath-kovind-gives-assent-to-jk-reorganisation-bill-two-new-uts-come-into-effect-5892839/|access-date=2022-06-27|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==نٔتیٖجہٕ==

===جمٲژ حِصاب===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |جمٲژٕ 
![[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
![[Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference|JKNC]]
![[Indian National Congress|INC]]
![[Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party|JKPDP]]
|-
| style=&quot;background:orange;&quot; |
| style=&quot;background:#FF3D3D;&quot; |
| style=&quot;background:#00BFFF;&quot; |
| style=&quot; background:darkgreen;&quot; |
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |ووٹ
|46.99 1,648,041
|7.87%, 280,356
|28.38%, 1,011,527
|3.38%, 1,20,754
|-
|{{percentage bar|46.39||ffa500}}
|{{percentage bar|7.89||ff3d3d}}
|{{percentage bar|28.47||00bfff}}
|{{percentage bar|2.37||004225}}
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |سیٖٹہٕ 
|3 (50%)
|3 (50%)
|0 (0%)
|0 (0%)
|-
|{{Composition bar|3|6|hex=orange}}
|{{Composition bar|3|6|hex=#FF3D3D}}
|{{Composition bar|0|6|hex=aqua}}
|{{Composition bar|0|6|hex=darkgreen}}
|}</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>147739</id>
      <parentid>147736</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T10:11:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>مِلاوُن  [[زٲژ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہِنٛدؠ چُناو]] تٔژ زٲژ کِہ مَرَتھہٕ سٲتؠ</comment>
      <origin>147739</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3161" sha1="rocpzoqbvl3eubhfwxmruc6ec3qw8mm" xml:space="preserve">[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] منٛز 2019 ہٕکۍ ہِنٛدُستٲنؠ عام الیکشن آیہِ ریاستہ منٛز شیٚن سیٖٹن باپتھ مُنعقد کرنہٕ۔ ووٹِنٛگ ہنٛد عمل آو 11، 18، 23، 29 اپریل تہٕ 6 مئی 2019 ہس منٛز پانژن مرحلن منٛز مُنعقد کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/election-commission-live-updates-lok-sabha-elections-to-be-conducted-in-7-phases/articleshow/68343581.cms|title=Lok Sabha Elections dates announced: Polls to be held from April 11 in 7 phases, counting on May 23|date=11 March 2019|journal=The Economic Times|accessdate=2019-03-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[بھارتی جَنتا پارٹی|بھارتیہ جنتا پارٹی]] تہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر قومی کانفرٛنٕس|جموں و کشمیر نیشنل کانفرنس]] زیٖنؠ 3-3 سیٹہٕ تہٕ بی جے پی یس ملے شاندار 46.4% ووٹ۔ جے کے این سی ہند ووٹن ہُند حِصہٕ اوس 7.9%۔ 
                                 
ریاستک [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہُنٛد خصوٗصی حیثیت ختم|خصوٗصی درجہ ختم گژھنہٕ]] برٛونٛہہ اوس یہِ ٲخری عام چُناو تہٕ پتہٕ امی ؤریہِ آو [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر تنظیٖم نو ایکٹ، 2019|ریاست دوٚن مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقن منٛز دوبارٕ بناونہٕ]]۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|agency=PTI|date=2019-08-07|title=President declares abrogation of provisions of Article 370|language=en-IN|journal=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/president-declares-abrogation-of-provisions-of-article-370/article28842850.ece|accessdate=2022-06-27|issn=0971-751X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2019-08-09|title=President Kovind gives assent to J&amp;K Reorganisation Bill, two new UTs to come into effect from Oct 31|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/president-ram-nath-kovind-gives-assent-to-jk-reorganisation-bill-two-new-uts-come-into-effect-5892839/|access-date=2022-06-27|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==نٔتیٖجہٕ==

===جمٲژ حِصاب===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |جمٲژٕ 
![[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
![[Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference|JKNC]]
![[Indian National Congress|INC]]
![[Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party|JKPDP]]
|-
| style=&quot;background:orange;&quot; |
| style=&quot;background:#FF3D3D;&quot; |
| style=&quot;background:#00BFFF;&quot; |
| style=&quot; background:darkgreen;&quot; |
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |ووٹ
|46.99 1,648,041
|7.87%, 280,356
|28.38%, 1,011,527
|3.38%, 1,20,754
|-
|{{percentage bar|46.39||ffa500}}
|{{percentage bar|7.89||ff3d3d}}
|{{percentage bar|28.47||00bfff}}
|{{percentage bar|2.37||004225}}
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |سیٖٹہٕ 
|3 (50%)
|3 (50%)
|0 (0%)
|0 (0%)
|-
|{{Composition bar|3|6|hex=orange}}
|{{Composition bar|3|6|hex=#FF3D3D}}
|{{Composition bar|0|6|hex=aqua}}
|{{Composition bar|0|6|hex=darkgreen}}
|}

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہِنٛدؠ چُناو]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>147740</id>
      <parentid>147739</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T10:12:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>147740</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3183" sha1="nx1o99b9xct1hj87jem8xwye0o8o2w6" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox election}}

[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر]] منٛز 2019 ہٕکۍ ہِنٛدُستٲنؠ عام الیکشن آیہِ ریاستہ منٛز شیٚن سیٖٹن باپتھ مُنعقد کرنہٕ۔ ووٹِنٛگ ہنٛد عمل آو 11، 18، 23، 29 اپریل تہٕ 6 مئی 2019 ہس منٛز پانژن مرحلن منٛز مُنعقد کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/election-commission-live-updates-lok-sabha-elections-to-be-conducted-in-7-phases/articleshow/68343581.cms|title=Lok Sabha Elections dates announced: Polls to be held from April 11 in 7 phases, counting on May 23|date=11 March 2019|journal=The Economic Times|accessdate=2019-03-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[بھارتی جَنتا پارٹی|بھارتیہ جنتا پارٹی]] تہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر قومی کانفرٛنٕس|جموں و کشمیر نیشنل کانفرنس]] زیٖنؠ 3-3 سیٹہٕ تہٕ بی جے پی یس ملے شاندار 46.4% ووٹ۔ جے کے این سی ہند ووٹن ہُند حِصہٕ اوس 7.9%۔ 
                                 
ریاستک [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہُنٛد خصوٗصی حیثیت ختم|خصوٗصی درجہ ختم گژھنہٕ]] برٛونٛہہ اوس یہِ ٲخری عام چُناو تہٕ پتہٕ امی ؤریہِ آو [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر تنظیٖم نو ایکٹ، 2019|ریاست دوٚن مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقن منٛز دوبارٕ بناونہٕ]]۔&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|agency=PTI|date=2019-08-07|title=President declares abrogation of provisions of Article 370|language=en-IN|journal=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/president-declares-abrogation-of-provisions-of-article-370/article28842850.ece|accessdate=2022-06-27|issn=0971-751X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{ویب حَوالہٕ|date=2019-08-09|title=President Kovind gives assent to J&amp;K Reorganisation Bill, two new UTs to come into effect from Oct 31|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/president-ram-nath-kovind-gives-assent-to-jk-reorganisation-bill-two-new-uts-come-into-effect-5892839/|access-date=2022-06-27|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==نٔتیٖجہٕ==

===جمٲژ حِصاب===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |جمٲژٕ 
![[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
![[Jammu &amp; Kashmir National Conference|JKNC]]
![[Indian National Congress|INC]]
![[Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party|JKPDP]]
|-
| style=&quot;background:orange;&quot; |
| style=&quot;background:#FF3D3D;&quot; |
| style=&quot;background:#00BFFF;&quot; |
| style=&quot; background:darkgreen;&quot; |
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |ووٹ
|46.99 1,648,041
|7.87%, 280,356
|28.38%, 1,011,527
|3.38%, 1,20,754
|-
|{{percentage bar|46.39||ffa500}}
|{{percentage bar|7.89||ff3d3d}}
|{{percentage bar|28.47||00bfff}}
|{{percentage bar|2.37||004225}}
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |سیٖٹہٕ 
|3 (50%)
|3 (50%)
|0 (0%)
|0 (0%)
|-
|{{Composition bar|3|6|hex=orange}}
|{{Composition bar|3|6|hex=#FF3D3D}}
|{{Composition bar|0|6|hex=aqua}}
|{{Composition bar|0|6|hex=darkgreen}}
|}

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ہِنٛدؠ چُناو]]</text>
      <sha1>nx1o99b9xct1hj87jem8xwye0o8o2w6</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>فرما:Percentage bar</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>32045</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147737</id>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T10:08:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Content copied from English wiki</comment>
      <origin>147737</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="976" sha1="j73h67hcasmkapm6gnld2e419p00ojw" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Percentage bar/styles.css&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;percentage-bar&quot; style=&quot;{{#if:{{{border-width|}}}{{{border-color|}}}|border: {{{border-width|1px}}} solid {{{border-color|#aaa}}};}} {{#if:{{{background-color|}}}|background-color: {{{background-color}}};color:inherit;}} {{#if:{{{width|}}}|width: {{digits|{{{width|100}}}}}{{#if:{{str endswith|{{{width}}}|%}}|%|px}};}}&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;percentage-bar-fill&quot; style=&quot;{{#if:{{{c|{{{hex|{{{3|}}}}}}}}}|background-color:{{{c|#{{{hex|{{{3}}}}}}}}};color:inherit;}} {{#if:{{{1|}}}|width: {{#expr:floor({{#invoke:String|replace|source={{{1}}}|pattern=[a-zA-Z]+|plain=false}})}}%;}}&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;percentage-bar-text&quot; style=&quot;{{#if:{{{weight|}}}|font-weight: {{{weight}}};}} {{#if:{{{align|}}}|text-align: {{{align}}};}} {{#if:{{{color|}}}|color: {{{color}}};}}&quot;&gt;{{{2|{{formatnum:{{{1|50}}}}}%}}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;!-- PLEASE ADD THIS TEMPLATE'S CATEGORIES TO THE /doc SUBPAGE, THANKS --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>j73h67hcasmkapm6gnld2e419p00ojw</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>فرما:Percentage bar/styles.css</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>32046</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147738</id>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T10:09:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;/* {{pp-protected|small=yes}} */ .percentage-bar { 	position: relative; 	border: 1px solid #aaa; 	background-color: #fff;     color:inherit; 	width: 100px; 	max-width: 100%; 	height: 1.5em; }  .percentage-bar-fill { 	position: absolute; 	background-color: #dbdbdb;     color:inherit; 	height: 1.5em; 	width: 50%; }  .percentage-bar-text { 	position: absolute; 	width: 100%; 	height: 1.5em; 	text-align: center; 	color: #000; }&quot;</comment>
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      <model>sanitized-css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="426" sha1="kv7318rnj30lih9pgm1tcto2iw4ijbf" xml:space="preserve">/* {{pp-protected|small=yes}} */
.percentage-bar {
	position: relative;
	border: 1px solid #aaa;
	background-color: #fff;
    color:inherit;
	width: 100px;
	max-width: 100%;
	height: 1.5em;
}

.percentage-bar-fill {
	position: absolute;
	background-color: #dbdbdb;
    color:inherit;
	height: 1.5em;
	width: 50%;
}

.percentage-bar-text {
	position: absolute;
	width: 100%;
	height: 1.5em;
	text-align: center;
	color: #000;
}</text>
      <sha1>kv7318rnj30lih9pgm1tcto2iw4ijbf</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>2024 ہِندوستٲنؠ عام چُناو لَداخس مَنٛز</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32047</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147741</id>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T10:26:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>&quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358679059|2024 Indian general election in Ladakh]]&quot; ضفُک اِنتدٲیی حِصُک تَرجَمہٕ طور تَخلیق کَرنہٕ آمُت</comment>
      <origin>147741</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1131" sha1="5611h3x80x7mydnbu6xjl5rff63hznn" xml:space="preserve">2024 ہِنٛدُستٲنؠ عام انتخاب آیہ [[لَداخ|لداخ]] منٛز 20 میی 2024 18 ہمہ لوک سبھایہ منٛز 1 رکن ژارنہٕ خٲطرٕ مُنعقد کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Kargil results make BJP’s bid for Ladakh parliament seat an uphill task in 2024|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kargil-results-make-bjps-bid-for-ladakh-parliament-seat-an-uphill-task-in-2024/article67400136.ece|journal=The Hindu|language=en|date=9 October 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Ladakh council election, A warning for the BJP|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/up-front/story/20231023-ladakh-council-election-a-warning-for-the-bjp-2448606-2023-10-13|journal=India Today|language=en|date=13 October 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; یِم الیکشن چھ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر تنظیٖم نو ایکٹ، 2019]] ہس تحت [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جموں و کشمیر]] پؠٹھ علاقہٕ الگ کرنہٕ تہٕ اتھ اکھ الگ مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ دنہٕ پتہٕ لداخس منٛز گژھن وٲلۍ گۄڈنک الیکشن۔</text>
      <sha1>5611h3x80x7mydnbu6xjl5rff63hznn</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>147742</id>
      <parentid>147741</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T10:27:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>مِلاوُن  [[زٲژ:لَداخس مَنٛز چُناو]] تٔژ زٲژ کِہ مَرَتھہٕ سٲتؠ</comment>
      <origin>147742</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1197" sha1="7lzwct91wsvvsg066nd7vpztxpngjda" xml:space="preserve">2024 ہِنٛدُستٲنؠ عام انتخاب آیہ [[لَداخ|لداخ]] منٛز 20 میی 2024 18 ہمہ لوک سبھایہ منٛز 1 رکن ژارنہٕ خٲطرٕ مُنعقد کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Kargil results make BJP’s bid for Ladakh parliament seat an uphill task in 2024|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kargil-results-make-bjps-bid-for-ladakh-parliament-seat-an-uphill-task-in-2024/article67400136.ece|journal=The Hindu|language=en|date=9 October 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Ladakh council election, A warning for the BJP|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/up-front/story/20231023-ladakh-council-election-a-warning-for-the-bjp-2448606-2023-10-13|journal=India Today|language=en|date=13 October 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; یِم الیکشن چھ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر تنظیٖم نو ایکٹ، 2019]] ہس تحت [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جموں و کشمیر]] پؠٹھ علاقہٕ الگ کرنہٕ تہٕ اتھ اکھ الگ مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ دنہٕ پتہٕ لداخس منٛز گژھن وٲلۍ گۄڈنک الیکشن۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:لَداخس مَنٛز چُناو]]</text>
      <sha1>7lzwct91wsvvsg066nd7vpztxpngjda</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>147745</id>
      <parentid>147742</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T10:28:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>147745</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1217" sha1="mj14v8ddpuo1hg3csffhafj6zvg3iof" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox election}}

2024 ہِنٛدُستٲنؠ عام چُناو آیہ [[لَداخ|لداخ]] منٛز 20 میی 2024 18 ہمہ لوک سبھایہ منٛز 1 رکن ژارنہٕ خٲطرٕ مُنعقد کرنہٕ۔&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Kargil results make BJP’s bid for Ladakh parliament seat an uphill task in 2024|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kargil-results-make-bjps-bid-for-ladakh-parliament-seat-an-uphill-task-in-2024/article67400136.ece|journal=The Hindu|language=en|date=9 October 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|title=Ladakh council election, A warning for the BJP|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/up-front/story/20231023-ladakh-council-election-a-warning-for-the-bjp-2448606-2023-10-13|journal=India Today|language=en|date=13 October 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt; یِم الیکشن چھ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر تنظیٖم نو ایکٹ، 2019]] ہس تحت [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر (رِیاسَتھ)|جموں و کشمیر]] پؠٹھ علاقہٕ الگ کرنہٕ تہٕ اتھ اکھ الگ مرکزی زیر انتظام علاقہٕ دنہٕ پتہٕ لداخس منٛز گژھن وٲلۍ گۄڈنک الیکشن۔

==حَوالہٕ==
[[زٲژ:لَداخس مَنٛز چُناو]]</text>
      <sha1>mj14v8ddpuo1hg3csffhafj6zvg3iof</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>زٲژ:لَداخس مَنٛز چُناو</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>32048</id>
    <revision>
      <id>147743</id>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T10:27:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created blank page</comment>
      <origin>147743</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="0" sha1="phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1" />
      <sha1>phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>147744</id>
      <parentid>147743</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T10:27:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>مِلاوُن  [[زٲژ:ہِندوستانس مَنٛز چُناو]] تٔژ زٲژ کِہ مَرَتھہٕ سٲتؠ</comment>
      <origin>147744</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="53" sha1="l58ax7l0d14usqxp7fadpnga985wna2" xml:space="preserve">[[زٲژ:ہِندوستانس مَنٛز چُناو]]</text>
      <sha1>l58ax7l0d14usqxp7fadpnga985wna2</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲییٖن ساز ایٚسمبلی</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32049</id>
    <redirect title="جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲییٖن ساز ایٚسمبلی" />
    <revision>
      <id>147749</id>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T11:31:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز اسمبلی]] صَفہٕ آو پَکناونہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز ایٚسمبلی]] جاے، پَکناوَن وول صٲرف آیات محراج </comment>
      <origin>147749</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="73" sha1="bbp9exivz64p3k2533jj362uni2kb92" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز ایٚسمبلی]]</text>
      <sha1>bbp9exivz64p3k2533jj362uni2kb92</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>147752</id>
      <parentid>147749</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T11:31:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز اسمبلی]] صَفہٕ آو پَکناونہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲییٖن ساز ایٚسمبلی]] جاے، پَکناوَن وول صٲرف آیات محراج </comment>
      <origin>147749</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="73" sha1="bbp9exivz64p3k2533jj362uni2kb92" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز ایٚسمبلی]]</text>
      <sha1>bbp9exivz64p3k2533jj362uni2kb92</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>147756</id>
      <parentid>147752</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T11:36:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */</comment>
      <origin>147756</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" sha1="663ywefbgbsv7zhy7tllecip7xb2w12" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲییٖن ساز ایٚسمبلی]]</text>
      <sha1>663ywefbgbsv7zhy7tllecip7xb2w12</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>کَتھ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲییٖن ساز ایٚسمبلی</title>
    <ns>1</ns>
    <id>32050</id>
    <redirect title="کَتھ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز ایٚسمبلی" />
    <revision>
      <id>147751</id>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T11:31:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[کَتھ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز اسمبلی]] صَفہٕ آو پَکناونہٕ [[کَتھ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز ایٚسمبلی]] جاے، پَکناوَن وول صٲرف آیات محراج </comment>
      <origin>147751</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" sha1="7vf686rheqm0wkljw9abfpyz2qdkczf" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[کَتھ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز ایٚسمبلی]]</text>
      <sha1>7vf686rheqm0wkljw9abfpyz2qdkczf</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>147754</id>
      <parentid>147751</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T11:31:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[کَتھ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز اسمبلی]] صَفہٕ آو پَکناونہٕ [[کَتھ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲییٖن ساز ایٚسمبلی]] جاے، پَکناوَن وول صٲرف آیات محراج </comment>
      <origin>147751</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" sha1="7vf686rheqm0wkljw9abfpyz2qdkczf" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[کَتھ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز ایٚسمبلی]]</text>
      <sha1>7vf686rheqm0wkljw9abfpyz2qdkczf</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز اسمبلی</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32051</id>
    <redirect title="جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲییٖن ساز ایٚسمبلی" />
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      <timestamp>2026-08-04T11:31:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز اسمبلی]] صَفہٕ آو پَکناونہٕ [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲییٖن ساز ایٚسمبلی]] جاے، پَکناوَن وول صٲرف آیات محراج </comment>
      <origin>147753</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" sha1="663ywefbgbsv7zhy7tllecip7xb2w12" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲییٖن ساز ایٚسمبلی]]</text>
      <sha1>663ywefbgbsv7zhy7tllecip7xb2w12</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>کَتھ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز اسمبلی</title>
    <ns>1</ns>
    <id>32052</id>
    <redirect title="کَتھ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲییٖن ساز ایٚسمبلی" />
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      <timestamp>2026-08-04T11:31:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[کَتھ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲیین ساز اسمبلی]] صَفہٕ آو پَکناونہٕ [[کَتھ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲییٖن ساز ایٚسمبلی]] جاے، پَکناوَن وول صٲرف آیات محراج </comment>
      <origin>147755</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="84" sha1="g5z57ns4xahvmxkq2qncrtntodsyvme" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[کَتھ:جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر ٲییٖن ساز ایٚسمبلی]]</text>
      <sha1>g5z57ns4xahvmxkq2qncrtntodsyvme</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32053</id>
    <redirect title="جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر مَجلِسہِ قۄنوٗن سٲزی" />
    <revision>
      <id>147757</id>
      <timestamp>2026-08-04T11:37:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>آیات محراج</username>
        <id>11062</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر مَجلِسہِ قۄنوٗن سٲزی]] پؠٹھ رجوٗع مُکَرر</comment>
      <origin>147757</origin>
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      <text bytes="79" sha1="bgzmwu8d0854iulhh3aumcmnowreilq" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر مَجلِسہِ قۄنوٗن سٲزی]]</text>
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    <title>علی اصغر</title>
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      <comment>&quot;[[:ur:Special:Redirect/revision/9951630|علی اصغر]]&quot; ضفُک اِنتدٲیی حِصُک تَرجَمہٕ طور تَخلیق کَرنہٕ آمُت</comment>
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      <text bytes="1900" sha1="g741xh8f1kiuerv0eedxtdj1585sgf2" xml:space="preserve">'''عبداللہ ابن حُسین''' (14 اپریل 680 - 10 اکتوبر 680)، یُس عام طور '''علی الاصغر''' ناوٕ سۭتۍ زاننہٕ چھُ یِوان، اوس [[امام حسن|حُسین ابن علی]] سُنٛد سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ لۄکُٹ نیٚچُو۔ سُہ اوس [[واقعہ کربلا|کربلا کِس جنگس]] مَنٛز شہیٖدَن مَنٛز اکھ۔

سُہ چھُ علی اصغر، نابالیغ شُر، شےٚ رؠتھ، باب الحوایِج تہٕ طفل رضیع ناوٕ سۭتۍ تہِ زاننہٕ یِوان۔

10 [[رجب]] چھُ حضرت علی اصغر علیہ السلامن ہُند زایہِ دۄہ۔ حضرت عبداللہ رضی اللہ عنہ چھُ حضرت امام حسین علیہ السلامن ہندس نیچو سُند ناو۔ أمۍ سٕنٛز موج ٲس حضرت [[رُباب بِنٛت امرؤ القیس|رباب علیہ السلام]]۔ تِمؠ آے 60 ہجری مَنٛز یتھ دنیاہس مَنٛز۔

سُہ چھُ علی اصغر، نابالیغ شُر، شےٚ رؠتھ، باب الحوایِج تہٕ طفل رضیع  ناوٕ سۭتۍ تہِ زاننہٕ یِوان۔

حضرت علی اصغر علیہ السلامن چھُ کربلا ہُنٛد اکھ گاشہٕ در بُتھ، ظلمُک سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ مظلوم ثبوت تہٕ شہادتُک سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ درست پہلو۔ تٲریخن وُچھ نہٕ تۄہہِ کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ مظلوم شخصہٕ سٕنٛز شہادت۔

عاشور کہِ دۅہہ چُھس مٲلہِ سٕندِس کھۄنہِ منز حرملہ سٕنٛدؠ دٔسؠ تیٖر چلاوان ییلہ سُہ ترٛیشہِ ژَلراونہٕ خٲطرٕ آب مَنٛگان ٲسؠ۔ امامن کٔر یِہِنٛز جِسمہِ مُبارَک خٟمَس نزدیٖک أکِس قبرِ منٛز دفن۔</text>
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      <text bytes="2042" sha1="ftpf6e4iyax9i9nmdaaiyt5y0lkl1l6" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox religious biography/Wikidata|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=No|religion=[[اِسلام]]|noicon=Yes|honorific_prefix=شٔہیٖد}}

'''عبداللہ ابن حُسین''' (14 اپریل 680 - 10 اکتوبر 680)، یُس عام طور '''علی الاصغر''' ناوٕ سۭتۍ زاننہٕ چھُ یِوان، اوس [[امام حسن|حُسین ابن علی]] سُنٛد سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ لۄکُٹ نیٚچُو۔ سُہ اوس [[واقعہ کربلا|کربلا کِس جنگس]] مَنٛز شہیٖدَن مَنٛز اکھ۔

سُہ چھُ علی اصغر، نابالیغ شُر، شےٚ رؠتھ، باب الحوایِج تہٕ طفل رضیع ناوٕ سۭتۍ تہِ زاننہٕ یِوان۔

10 [[رجب]] چھُ حضرت علی اصغر علیہ السلامن ہُند زایہِ دۄہ۔ حضرت عبداللہ رضی اللہ عنہ چھُ حضرت امام حسین علیہ السلامن ہندس نیچو سُند ناو۔ أمۍ سٕنٛز موج ٲس حضرت [[رُباب بِنٛت امرؤ القیس|رباب علیہ السلام]]۔ تِمؠ آے 60 ہجری مَنٛز یتھ دنیاہس مَنٛز۔

سُہ چھُ علی اصغر، نابالیغ شُر، شےٚ رؠتھ، باب الحوایِج تہٕ طفل رضیع  ناوٕ سۭتۍ تہِ زاننہٕ یِوان۔

حضرت علی اصغر علیہ السلامن چھُ کربلا ہُنٛد اکھ گاشہٕ در بُتھ، ظلمُک سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ زیٛادٕ مظلوم ثبوت تہٕ شہادتُک سارِوٕے کھۄتہٕ درست پہلو۔ تٲریخن وُچھ نہٕ تۄہہِ کھوتہٕ زیٛادٕ مظلوم شخصہٕ سٕنٛز شہادت۔

عاشور کہِ دۅہہ چُھس مٲلہِ سٕندِس کھۄنہِ منز حرملہ سٕنٛدؠ دٔسؠ تیٖر چلاوان ییلہ سُہ ترٛیشہِ ژَلراونہٕ خٲطرٕ آب مَنٛگان ٲسؠ۔ امامن کٔر یِہِنٛز جِسمہِ مُبارَک خٟمَس نزدیٖک أکِس قبرِ منٛز دفن۔</text>
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