Agriculture in Ghana

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'''Agriculture in Ghana''' (Kuob nɛ gʋ'ʋl lʋgʋr) banɛ bɛ [[Ghana]] la anɛ banɛ mɔr kpaadib la&lt;sub&gt;'&lt;/sub&gt;ad bɛdigʋ.  Di anɛ  [[ligidi]] yisib lʋgʋr. Ba Sʋŋid [[Ghana]]  nidib banɛ mɔr gbana nɛ banɛ kae gbana wʋsa ka ba paamid tʋʋma.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fao.org/ghana/fao-in-ghana/ghana-at-a-glance/en/ &quot;Ghana at a glance]&quot;. ''fao''. Retrieved 27 May 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200618053326/http://ghanaembkin.org/mrkp/agriculture.php &quot;Embassy of Ghana – Democratic Republic of Congo&quot;.] ''Ghanaembkin''. Archived from [http://ghanaembkin.org/mrkp/agriculture.php the original] on 18 June 2020. Retrieved 27 May 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Di zi'enɛ tis lʋgʋr kanɛ gɔsid [[diib]] yɛla.&lt;ref&gt;[https://mofa.gov.gh/ &quot;Ministry of Food and Agriculture&quot;]. ''[[:en:Ministry_of_Food_and_Agriculture_(Ghana)|Ministry of Food and Agriculture]]''. Retrieved 11 July 2022.&lt;/ref&gt; Ghana mɔr bʋmbʋʋda tis zin'ig wʋsa. Din yi banɛ kuod  bɔn'ɔdin ti paae banɛ kuod  pipiirisin wʋsa. Di mɔr kpaadib bʋmbʋʋda wʋʋ busa, [[ki]], cocoa,  abɛ, gʋʋr, sʋma nɛ tibɛda wʋʋ  timber nam. La'abama anɛ yɛlkpan  kanɛ yisid ligidi Ghana kpaadib ni. Kuob nɛ gʋ'ʋl lʋgʋr la da nyaŋi tis nidib tʋʋma kɔbiga pʋʋgin wʋʋ pisnʋ nɛ atan Ghana nidib banɛ kae tʋʋma.&lt;ref&gt;Food and Agriculture Policy Decision Analysis (FAPDA). [http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4490e.pdf &quot;Country Fact sheet on food and agriculture policy trends&quot;] (PDF). ''Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations''. FAO. Retrieved 13 May 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Clark, Nancy L. &quot;Agriculture&quot; (and subchapters). ''[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/ghtoc.html A Country Study: Ghana]'' (La Verle Berry, editor). [[:en:Federal_Research_Division|Library of Congress]] [[:en:Federal_Research_Division|Federal Research Division]] (November 1994). ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the [[:en:Public_domain|public domain]].[[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/about.html 1]]''&lt;/ref&gt; Bɔzugɔ saa la na nyaŋi sʋŋ  kuob nɛ gʋ'ʋl tʋʋma la.saŋgbana la ya'a tia'as li mɔrnɛ daaŋi tisid zʋʋd banɛ ka ti kuod ligidi yɛla, nɛ banɛ ka ti kuod diib yɛla la.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210125200234/https://www.climatelinks.org/resources/climate-change-risk-profile-ghana &quot;Climate Risk Profile: Ghana&quot;.] ''Climatelinks''. USAID. January 2017. Archived from [https://www.climatelinks.org/resources/climate-change-risk-profile-ghana the original] on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 22 April 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Baffour-Ata, Frank; Antwi-Agyei, Philip; Nkiaka, Elias; Dougill, Andrew J.; Anning, Alexander K.; Kwakye, Stephen Oppong (1 December 2021). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154321001071 &quot;Effect of climate variability on yields of selected staple food crops in northern Ghana&quot;]. ''Journal of Agriculture and Food Research''. '''6''' 100205. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100205|10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100205]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2666-1543 2666-1543].&lt;/ref&gt;

Nwɛnɛ  paalʋ ya'a an' kilomitanam wʋʋ 136,000 km2 (53,000 sq mi), ka sʋ'ʋg bɛɛ mɔr kɔbiga pʋʋgin wʋʋ pisnʋ nɛ ayɔpɔi 57% ka paalʋ  la mɔr  238,539 km2 (92,100 sq mi) di bigis nɛ ye zin'ig la anɛ kuob zin'ig ka fʋ na ye 58,000 km2 (22,000 sq mi) anɛ teŋ kpi'emis kuob zin'ig  ka   11,000  mɛ an' dɔn'ʋsʋg paalʋ zin'ig.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.fao.org/ghana/fao-in-ghana/ghana-at-a-glance/en/ &quot;Ghana at a glance | FAO in Ghana | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations&quot;]. ''fao.org''. Retrieved 19 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kuob ==
[[Ghana]] da kua si'em yʋʋm tusa ayi nɛ piinɛ anii (2018) la ni:

* 20.8 million tons of cassava (paasi anaasi daan dunia wʋsa ni, di tia'alnɛ Nigeria, Thailand nɛ Congo);
* 7.8 million tons of yam (paasi ayi dunia wʋsa ani, Nigeria gaad tuon ka ba tia'al);
* 4.1 million tons of plantain (2nd largest producer in the world, just behind Congo);
* 2.6 million tons of palm oil (8th largest producer in the world);
* 2.3 million tons of maize;
* 1.4 million tons of taro (4th largest producer in the world, second only to Nigeria, China and Cameroon);
* 947 thousand tons of cocoa (2nd largest producer in the world, second only to Ivory Coast);
* 769 thousand tons of rice;
* 753 thousand tons of orange (19th largest producer in the world);
* 713 thousand tons of pineapple (11th largest producer in the world);
* 521 thousand tons of peanut;

== Kuob nɛ gʋ{{'}}ʋl la{{'}}ad ==

=== Cocoa ===
Yʋʋm pisnii nɛ yinnɛ banɛ gaad la sa, banɛ mɔr cocoa tuud suori yit [[Ghana]] yiŋi kuosid la nyɛ yʋ{{'}}ʋr hali bɛ kuob nɛ gʋ{{'}}ʋl yela Ghana sʋ{{'}}ʋlim.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20140404051522/http://www.cocobod.gh/the_ghana_cocostory.php &quot;Ghana Cocoa Board Official Website&quot;]. ''Coco Bod Ghana''. Archived from [https://cocobod.gh/the_ghana_cocostory.php the original] on 4 April 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Cocoa Bean|Cocoa]] anɛ laʋk kanɛ ka Ghana dim mɔr bɛdigʋ lɔmisid tɛɛnsi kuosid.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150924110030/http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/news/gh_eco_performance_2010_in_figures.pdf &quot;Ghana's Economic Performance in 2010&quot;] (PDF). Ghana Statistical Service. Archived from [http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/news/gh_eco_performance_2010_in_figures.pdf the original] (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 6 November 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Ba kuod cocoa Ghana nɛ tɛɛns banɛ mɔr tiis bɛdigʋ: [[Ashanti Region]], [[Ahafo region|Ahafo Region]], [[Central Region]], [[Eastern Region]], [[Western Region]] nɛ [[Volta Region]]. Ba pin{{'}}ini li pɔn{{'}}ɔb nɛ sawaar nwadig la ni ka bʋndɛɛna lɛɛ bɛnɛ Mɔraʋg nwadig la ni. Cocoa wʋsa ligidi zɛm nɛ, li ya{{'}}a ka{{'}}a banɛ ka ba mɔri sʋ{{'}}a yi tɛŋin la kɛŋ kuosɛ. Banɛ kuod cocoa tita{{'}}am mɔri pɔbibis, nidib biela kuosidi li hali.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Ghana gɔmɛna gɔsid [[Cocoa Bean|cocoa]] kuob yela dɔlisid lʋgir kanɛ buon [[Ghana Cocoa Board]] (COCOBOD) la ni. Yʋʋm tusayi nɛ piiga ni, ban da mɔr cocoa si{{'}}a yi Ghana sʋ{{'}}ʋlim da anɛ na{{'}}asaatɛŋ [[ligidi]] $2,219.5 million (US).&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Yʋʋm tusayi nɛ piinɛ ayɔpɔi ni, Ghana da paasnɛ tɛɛns ayi{{'}} daani mɔr cocoa yit yiŋi kuosid ka Côte d'Ivoire an yiiga, ka [[ligidi]] kanɛ da kpɛn{{'}}ɛ na da anɛ na{{'}}asaatɛŋ ligidi $1,914 metric ton wʋsa pʋʋgin; Ba da vɛɛnsi gɔs ka cocoa na maali gaad saŋsi{{'}}eba nɛ 97,500 metric tons. Paasig nwa na mɔr yela bɛ kuosig nɛ da{{'}}ab pʋʋgin tis kpaadib banɛ  kuod pɔbibis nɛ pɔbɛda banɛka gɔmɛna pʋdigi ba 1.3-billion-dollar loon 2017–2018 ye ba ti yɔ{{'}} la.&lt;ref&gt;[https://cocobod.gh/ &quot;Cocobod&quot;]. ''Cooco Bod Ghana''. Retrieved 26 April 2023.&lt;/ref&gt;

Cocoa maan Ghana sʋ{{'}}ʋlm la sʋŋ tɛŋ la nidib tusa-tusa nɛ ligidi yela li kas kas anɛ banɛ bɛ tɛŋ la dagɔbʋg baba la. Nwa{{'}} yinɛ dunia wʋsa da{{'}}adiib ti{{'}}akir wada ni kɛ ka cocoa kuob kɛn tuon la, ka ka{{'}}a li gbirig nɛ tʋmm.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294695970 &quot;Cocoa in Ghana Shaping the success of an economy&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Dankal                         ''' 

[[Dankal]] mɛ anɛ bʋnsʋŋ bɔzugɔ ba mɔri li maan la{{'}}ad bɛdigʋ. Dankal nya{{'}}a tisid biis ma{{'}}nam bin{{'}}isim ka ba pʋ lɛn fabin bin{{'}}isim yɛllɛ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Sugri, I (2017). [[doi:10.1155/2017/8767340|&quot;Sweet potato value chain analysis reveals opportunities for increased income and food security in northern Ghana&quot;]]. ''Advances in Agriculture''. '''2017'''. et. al: 1–14. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1155/2017/8767340|10.1155/2017/8767340]].&lt;/ref&gt; Ninsaalib mɔr dankal ka li an [[diib]], amaa dankal mɛ anɛ diibi tis bʋnkɔnbid mɛn ka fʋ tɔn{{'}}ɔe nɔki tisi fʋ bʋnkɔnbid ka ba di.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ghana anɛ tɛŋkanɛ gaad tuoni vɛɛnsidi gɔsid bʋnbʋtta banɛ mɔr nya{{'}}a.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ba kuod dankal tita{{'}}am bɛnɛ ya{{'}}datiʋŋ baba Ghana sʋ{{'}}ʋlim, amaa li mɛ maani bɛ tɛŋ la wʋsa ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

Ba nyaŋidi mɔr dankali maan ka li kilimid [[Zɔ{{'}}ɔm|zɔ{{'}}ɔm]], [[bodobodo]] nɛ dan{{'}}am malisima. [[Ghana]] ya{{'}}datiʋŋ dim nam pʋ nyaŋi paami li nyɔɔd wan wʋʋ lin nar si{{'}}em bɔzugɔ tɛŋ la pʋ mɔr kʋ{{'}}ʋlʋm ka yɛlkanɛ paas mɛ anɛ ye ba pʋ nyaŋi la{{'}}as taabaa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Kpaadib la pʋ tis taaba sidaa, bɔzugɔ sɔ{{'}} wʋsa mɔr o pʋtɛn{{'}}ɛr lin nar ye o kuosi li si{{'}}em. La{{'}}asa nam anu sʋŋid ka ba kuosid ka da{{'}}ad dankal, kpaadib la, kpikpiŋ dim, banɛ da{{'}}adi tɔlim, banɛ da{{'}}adi maan la{{'}}asi{{'}}eba nɛ banɛ ka ba mɔri maan la{{'}}ad ka ba da{{'}}ad. Nid wʋsa mɛ mɔr o da{{'}}adiŋ nɛ on kuosidi tisid sɔ{{'}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Banɛ ziid dankal ka{{'}} kpaadib la mɛŋa, amaa ba nɔkid lɔɔm la ka ba ziid ka ba yɔɔdi ba.&lt;ref&gt;Nyamah, E.Y.; Jiang, Y (2017). &quot;Agri-food supply chain performance: An empirical impact of risk&quot;. ''Management Decision''. '''55''' (5). Feng, Y &amp; Enchill, E: 872–891. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1108/md-01-2016-0049|10.1108/md-01-2016-0049]].&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Bʋmbʋʋda banɛ ka ba kuod kuosig yɛla ====
Bʋnbʋtta banɛ ka ba kuod kuosig yela tita{{'}}am anɛ abɛ, gungum, rɔba, kikan{{'}}siind, taba nɛ bɛrigis, linɛ ka ba mɔri tɔnridi ʋgʋd baagi nam. Bama wʋsa, li anɛ abɛ [[Tiis|tiig]] la tisid kpaadib ligidi gat.&lt;ref&gt;[http://countrystudies.us/ghana/79.htm &quot;Ghana – Other Commercial Crops&quot;]. ''countrystudies.us''. Retrieved 24 May 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Baa ban pa{{'}}al ye bʋnbʋtta ban tɔn{{'}}ɔe sʋŋ ka sʋ{{'}}ʋlim kan nɔbig la, gɔmɛna nɔk o saŋa niŋ nɛ bʋnbʋtta banɛ ka ba mɔri lɔmisid tɛɛnsi kuosid ni. Fʋ ya{{'}}a gɔs, kikan{{'}}asiind kuob lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ, bɔzugɔ, ba yɔ{{'}} zin{{'}}is ayi{{'}} banɛ ka maan sikir la, anina ka ba da paam 237,000 tons yʋʋm pʋʋgin bɛ lin da yi yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ anaasi paae yʋʋm tusir, kɔiswai nɛpisyɔpɔi nɛ ayuobʋ la ni, amaa ba da paam nɛ 110,000 tons ma{{'}}a yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai la ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Gɔmɛna sʋŋid nɛ ka bɔɔd banɛ mɔri rɔɔba yit tɛɛns si{{'}}eba ni kuosid la gaad banɛ lɛɛ mɔri maan la{{'}}ad kpala ni la, ba da sʋŋ kpaadib ka ba kua hɛkanam tusatan{{'}} lin na niŋ si{{'}}em ka ba mɔri yi tɛɛns si{{'}}eba ni kuos ka lɛɛ pʋ nyaŋi sʋŋi duoe Bonsa Tire Company, zin{{'}}ig kanɛ da nyaŋidi maal kɔbanam kɔnbisnaasi daar wʋsa yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ anii ni, baa ban pin{{'}}ili li ye li maal ban tusir nɛ kɔbisnu daar wʋsa la.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nam saŋa la, taba kuob da nɔbigid ka kɛn tuon ka ba mɔri li bɛdigʋ kɛn tɛɛns si{{'}}eba ni kuosid. Taba vaand la nɔbigid tɔ{{'}}ɔtɔ{{'}} ka bɔɔd nɛ zin{{'}}ig kanɛ  ka kʋ{{'}}ʋlʋm bɛ ka li na nyaŋi maal wan wʋʋ li bʋnbʋtta taaba amaa banɛ tɔn{{'}}ɔe ban{{'}}as la an sʋ{{'}}ʋm. Ban na kuos taba [[ligidi]] si{{'}}em bɛn yela da kɛ ka taba kuob lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ, yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi pin{{'}}ilig saŋa ba da kua nɛ baagi tʋsatan{{'}} nɛ kɔbisnaasi amaa ka li sigi lɛb tuisr, kɔbisnaasi nɛ pistan{{'}} nɛ atan{{'}} bɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai la ni. Yʋʋm tusayi nɛ ayuobʋ nɛ ayɔpɔi saŋa, BAT (British America Tobacco) dim tʋʋma da san{{'}}am ya, kati wa{{'}}ae nidibi da duoe gɛɛsid ye ba da lɛmis taba la, nwa{{'}} da kɛ ka lampɔ kanɛ bɛ taba zugin da paas ka nidib yʋ{{'}}ʋn mɔri li su{{'}}adi kuosid.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Tʋʋma lʋgir kanɛ ka ba da buon Leaf Development Company da kɛn yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ anii na ye ba kua taba lin na niŋ si{{'}}em ka banɛ bɛ tɛŋ la ni paam da{{'}} ka li dɔlis anina ka ba mɔri yit tɛɛns si{{'}}eba ni kuosid. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ ni, tʋʋma lʋgir la da kuos si{{'}}el yiiga da anɛ baagi kɔbiswan{{'}} banɛ ka wiim pʋ tɔn{{'}}e ba, mui baagi pisnu, nɛ tabkpi{{'}}ema baagi pisnu, ba da mɔr 250 tons yi tɛŋ la yiŋi kuos ka ban da nyɛ ligidi sia an US$380,000. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ ni, British tobacco company dim da da{{'}}a Meridian Tobacco Company sʋ{{'}}ʋgir paŋ pisnaasi nɛ awa{{'}} nɛ pʋdigir ayi yinnɛ ni, kɔbiga pʋʋgin ka li da kɛ k aba mɔr paŋ anina ka gɔsidi li yela ban nɛ Social Security and National Insurance Trust. Tʋʋma lʋgir yinnɛ kanɛ buon Pioneer Tobacco Company dim da yis labaar yi{{'}}iŋ na ye ba paam nyɔɔd piswai nɛ ayiŋa, kɔbiga pʋʋin, fʋ ya{{'}}a yis lampɔ ka kɛ, ka li pa{{'}}al ye ba nyɔɔd da gaad 1 billion yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ la ni. Ban da paam ligidi sia pa{{'}}al zugin da anɛ ¢360 million, li da pʋdig ligidi kanɛ ka ba da yɔ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni la.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Gungum kuob da kɛn tuon hali bɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi tɛnsʋk saŋa, li da paae 24,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ ayɔpɔi la ni, amaa ka lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ ka ban paam si{{'}}em la da anɛ fʋ ya{{'}}a pʋdig nwa{{'}} abʋtan{{'}} bɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai la ni. Ban da ti{{'}}ak Ghana Cotton Development Board ka li paas Ghana Cotton Company pʋʋgin la, gungum kuob da nɔbig ya hali yi kɔbiga pʋʋgin pʋdigir anaasi paae pisnu, kɔbiga pʋʋgin bɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ ayuobʋ nɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai tɛnsʋk, Ghana da paam ligidi US$6 million yi gungum kuosig ni. Tʋʋma lʋgir la da bɔɔd ye yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ, nɛ tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ anu tɛnsʋk, pɔɔd wan wʋʋ 20,000 hectares ka ba na nɔki kua gungum, lin na niŋ si{{'}}em ka Ghana nyaŋi paam ban bɔɔd gungum si{{'}}em la, baa li ya{{'}}a ka{{'}}a wʋsa ka li pansig nɛ finn.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Yʋʋni linɛ yit tan{{'}}ama tiis ni la taa bɛnɛ [[Northern Region|Northern]], [[Upper East Region|Upper East]] and [[Upper West Region|Upper West Regions]] banɛ bɛ Ghana sʋ{{'}}ʋlim la. Banɛ pi{{'}}isid yʋʋni tita{{'}}am anɛ pʋ{{'}}ab, banɛ lɛn maani li ka tuod kʋsakpaam kuosid. Nidib banɛ pi{{'}}isid yʋʋmi gaad pʋ{{'}}ab tusa kɔbiswai bɛ ya{{'}}tuona sʋ{{'}}ʋlim ka ba pi{{'}}isid nɛ yʋʋni tusa kɔbiga nɛ pistan{{'}} yʋʋm wʋsa pʋʋgin. Yʋʋni pi{{'}}isig anɛ tʋʋma tis pʋ{{'}}ab banɛ bɛ tɛnkpɛmisin zin{{'}}is bama ni ka li sʋŋidi ba ka ba paamid ban bɔɔd si{{'}}eli da{{'}}ad. Tan{{'}}aŋ tiig vaand mɛ anɛ tiim, ba mɔri li ti{{'}}ebid pʋban{{'}}asi bɛ biis ni.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.herbazest.com/herbs/shea-tree &quot;Shea Tree&quot;]. ''HerbaZest''. Retrieved 15 July 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Ba mɛ mɔri ugun ka li ti{{'}}ebid zug zabir nɛ nif ban{{'}}as. Dunia wʋsa yʋʋni kuosig kɛn tuon ka Ghana paas tɛɛns banɛ kuosidi nɛ li la{{'}}asi{{'}}eba bɛdigʋ.&lt;ref&gt;[https://cocobod.gh/pages/shea &quot;Cocobod - Shea&quot;]. ''cocobod.gh''. Retrieved 15 July 2024.&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Bʋnkɔnbid nɛ bʋnbʋtta banɛ dit =====
Bʋnbʋtta banɛ ka ba bʋti ba diib yela tita{{'}}am si{{'}}eba anɛ kawɛnna, busa, banki nɛ bʋnbʋtta si{{'}}eba banɛ nyɛ{{'}}ɛt. Baa gɔmɛna bɔɔd ye o kɛ ka nidib lɛbi kuod bʋnbʋtta banɛ ka ba dit la, bʋndidig kuob da lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ 2.7 percent yʋʋm wʋsa pʋʋgin bɛ 1971 nɛ 1973 tɛnsʋk, ka 1981 paae 1983 mɛ da an ala. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ atan{{'}} ni la, [[Ghana]] da paam bɔɔdie ka li si{{'}}al tɛŋ la bɔɔdim bɛn. Dikanɛ k aba da mɔri lɔ{{'}}ɔŋ tɛɛnsin kuos da dʋya yi 43,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ atan{{'}} ni paae 152,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ yinnɛ ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Bʋnlinɛ yela ka ba kuob da lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ la la, lɛn paas nɛ nidibi bat tɛnkpɛmis ka kɛn tɛnpʋʋs ni la nɛ nidibi bɔɔd mui nɛ kawɛnna ka zug k abama kuob lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ. Yelbanɛ paad kpaadib anɛ ban na paam kuob la{{'}}ad, ba ya{{'}}a bʋn na niŋ si{{'}}em mɔri li paae da{{'}}an nɛ nidibi mɔr diib tɛŋ si{{'}}eba kpɛn{{'}}ɛd Ghana n aka li ligid pʋ kpiem la yela. Saŋa la ti{{'}}asid la zug, li kas kas yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ atan{{'}} ni la, wak da lu na kɛ ka bʋnbʋtta maalig sie yi 518,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ ayi{{'}} ni lɛb 450,000 tons. Diib kanɛ ka ba da mɔri kpɛn{{'}}ɛ Ghana yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ ayi{{'}} nɛ pisnii nɛ atan{{'}} la ni da anɛ 115,000 tons, ka ba da vɛɛnsi gɔs ka ye yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ atan{{'}} nɛ pisnii nɛ anaasi yʋʋŋ la li na si{{'}}e lɛb 370,000 tons.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Nɔbigir da kɛna pin{{'}}il nɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ anaasi ni, ka li da yinɛ wak la da gaad la yela. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ anii ni, kuob nɛ gʋ{{'}}ʋl lʋgir la da nɔbigya, ka nɔbigir la bɛdigʋ da yinɛ kpaadib nina. Wak da lɛb yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni na, ka li da kɛ ka diib maalig lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ, mui ma{{'}}a da sɔn{{'}}ɔe, amaa ba da muki kua ka li kɛ ka li ligidi da sie yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ la ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Mɔtʋl nwadig la ni, yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni, gɔmɛna da bɔɔd ye o kɛ ka kuob nɛ gʋ{{'}}ʋl lʋgir kɛn tuon. Ba da bɔɔd ye nidib kua bɛdigʋ ka diib bɛ{{'}} lin na niŋ si{{'}}em ka li ligidi sie. Gɔmɛna gban{{'}}ar linɛ ka o da yis na yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni la, da bɔɔd nɛ lin na niŋ si{{'}}em ka bʋnbʋtta maal sʋ{{'}}ʋŋa ka diib bɛ, linzug ka ba da kpɛmisid kpaadib la nɛ la{{'}}asi{{'}}eba la{{'}}anɛ zin{{'}}is banɛ k aba na sʋ{{'}}adi ba la{{'}}ad.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Bʋnkɔnbid gʋ{{'}}ʋlʋg da lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ ka li anɛ pɔ{{'}}ɔg yela bɛ Ghana sʋ{{'}}ʋlim banɛ ka tiis bɛ la, ka ba si{{'}}ebsa mɛ pʋ paamid yammi ɔnbida. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai ni, niigi kanl da an wan wʋʋ 1.2 million, ka pɛ{{'}}ɛs an 2.2 million, ka bʋʋs an 2 million, ka kurkurnam an 550,000, ka nɔɔs mɛ an 8 million Ghana sʋ{{'}}ʋlim.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

[[Bɛŋa|Bɛŋa]] anɛ bʋnbʋttir kanɛ bɛ [[Ghana]] sʋ{{'}}ʋim ka bʋnvʋya si{{'}}eba bɛ san{{'}}amidi ba hali. Yʋʋm tusayi nɛ pisi nɛ ayi la ni kɛn tuon, bɛŋa kuob lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ ka bʋnvʋya banɛ san{{'}}amidi ba kɛ ka li kuob pʋ lɛn malis nidib ya{{'}}asɛ. Yʋda nam la an banɛ san{{'}}amid bɛŋa hali gati ba taaba, ka li kɛt ka kpaadib si{{'}}eba ɛɛnti kɔ{{'}}ɔŋi ba [[diib]] zin{{'}}is awai, pʋdigir piiga pʋʋgin. Gɔmɛna nɛ asʋ{{'}}ʋmmɛŋ dim mugusid ye nidib kua na{{'}}asaa bɛŋa ka ban pʋ kpɛn{{'}}ɛd yʋda walaa, baa ban nam pʋ tik nʋ{{'}}ʋg ye ba nɔki li tʋm yʋʋm tusayi nɛ pisi nɛ ayi{{'}} saŋa la, kpaadib la nyidigidi ba mɛŋi ieedi li ye ba kua. Kpaadib la mɔr ti{{'}}ir ye yʋʋm tusayi nɛ anaasi bɛ li kʋ paae sankanɛ ka ba na tik nu{{'}}ug. Kuob nɛ gʋ{{'}}ʋl lʋgir la mɔr bʋnbʋttir la ba gban{{'}}ar pʋʋgin.&lt;ref&gt;[[:en:Ministry_of_Food_and_Agriculture_(Ghana)|Republic of Ghana Ministry of Food and Agriculture]] (February 2022). [http://mofa.gov.gh/site/images/pdf/2.Ghana_IPMP_P178132_FSRP2_8Feb2022.pdf &quot;West Africa Food System Resilience Program (FSRP2) – Phase 2 (P178132) Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP)&quot;] (PDF).&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gbanvɛɛnsa ==</text>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>157</id>
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'''Agriculture in Ghana''' (Kuob nɛ gʋ'ʋl lʋgʋr) banɛ bɛ [[Ghana]] la anɛ banɛ mɔr kpaadib la&lt;sub&gt;'&lt;/sub&gt;ad bɛdigʋ.  Di anɛ  [[ligidi]] yisib lʋgʋr. Ba Sʋŋid [[Ghana]]  nidib banɛ mɔr gbana nɛ banɛ kae gbana wʋsa ka ba paamid tʋʋma.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fao.org/ghana/fao-in-ghana/ghana-at-a-glance/en/ &quot;Ghana at a glance]&quot;. ''fao''. Retrieved 27 May 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200618053326/http://ghanaembkin.org/mrkp/agriculture.php &quot;Embassy of Ghana – Democratic Republic of Congo&quot;.] ''Ghanaembkin''. Archived from [http://ghanaembkin.org/mrkp/agriculture.php the original] on 18 June 2020. Retrieved 27 May 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Di zi'enɛ tis lʋgʋr kanɛ gɔsid [[diib]] yɛla.&lt;ref&gt;[https://mofa.gov.gh/ &quot;Ministry of Food and Agriculture&quot;]. ''[[:en:Ministry_of_Food_and_Agriculture_(Ghana)|Ministry of Food and Agriculture]]''. Retrieved 11 July 2022.&lt;/ref&gt; Ghana mɔr bʋmbʋʋda tis zin'ig wʋsa. Din yi banɛ kuod  bɔn'ɔdin ti paae banɛ kuod  pipiirisin wʋsa. Di mɔr kpaadib bʋmbʋʋda wʋʋ busa, [[ki]], cocoa,  abɛ, gʋʋr, sʋma nɛ tibɛda wʋʋ  timber nam. La'abama anɛ yɛlkpan  kanɛ yisid ligidi Ghana kpaadib ni. Kuob nɛ gʋ'ʋl lʋgʋr la da nyaŋi tis nidib tʋʋma kɔbiga pʋʋgin wʋʋ pisnʋ nɛ atan Ghana nidib banɛ kae tʋʋma.&lt;ref&gt;Food and Agriculture Policy Decision Analysis (FAPDA). [http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4490e.pdf &quot;Country Fact sheet on food and agriculture policy trends&quot;] (PDF). ''Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations''. FAO. Retrieved 13 May 2016.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Clark, Nancy L. &quot;Agriculture&quot; (and subchapters). ''[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/ghtoc.html A Country Study: Ghana]'' (La Verle Berry, editor). [[:en:Federal_Research_Division|Library of Congress]] [[:en:Federal_Research_Division|Federal Research Division]] (November 1994). ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the [[:en:Public_domain|public domain]].[[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/about.html 1]]''&lt;/ref&gt; Bɔzugɔ saa la na nyaŋi sʋŋ  kuob nɛ gʋ'ʋl tʋʋma la.saŋgbana la ya'a tia'as li mɔrnɛ daaŋi tisid zʋʋd banɛ ka ti kuod ligidi yɛla, nɛ banɛ ka ti kuod diib yɛla la.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210125200234/https://www.climatelinks.org/resources/climate-change-risk-profile-ghana &quot;Climate Risk Profile: Ghana&quot;.] ''Climatelinks''. USAID. January 2017. Archived from [https://www.climatelinks.org/resources/climate-change-risk-profile-ghana the original] on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 22 April 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Baffour-Ata, Frank; Antwi-Agyei, Philip; Nkiaka, Elias; Dougill, Andrew J.; Anning, Alexander K.; Kwakye, Stephen Oppong (1 December 2021). [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666154321001071 &quot;Effect of climate variability on yields of selected staple food crops in northern Ghana&quot;]. ''Journal of Agriculture and Food Research''. '''6''' 100205. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100205|10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100205]]. [[:en:ISSN_(identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2666-1543 2666-1543].&lt;/ref&gt;

Nwɛnɛ  paalʋ ya'a an' kilomitanam wʋʋ 136,000 km2 (53,000 sq mi), ka sʋ'ʋg bɛɛ mɔr kɔbiga pʋʋgin wʋʋ pisnʋ nɛ ayɔpɔi 57% ka paalʋ  la mɔr  238,539 km2 (92,100 sq mi) di bigis nɛ ye zin'ig la anɛ kuob zin'ig ka fʋ na ye 58,000 km2 (22,000 sq mi) anɛ teŋ kpi'emis kuob zin'ig  ka   11,000  mɛ an' dɔn'ʋsʋg paalʋ zin'ig.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.fao.org/ghana/fao-in-ghana/ghana-at-a-glance/en/ &quot;Ghana at a glance | FAO in Ghana | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations&quot;]. ''fao.org''. Retrieved 19 October 2024.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kuob ==
[[Ghana]] da kua si'em yʋʋm tusa ayi nɛ piinɛ anii (2018) la ni:

* 20.8 million tons of cassava (paasi anaasi daan dunia wʋsa ni, di tia'alnɛ Nigeria, Thailand nɛ Congo);
* 7.8 million tons of yam (paasi ayi dunia wʋsa ani, Nigeria gaad tuon ka ba tia'al);
* 4.1 million tons of plantain (2nd largest producer in the world, just behind Congo);
* 2.6 million tons of palm oil (8th largest producer in the world);
* 2.3 million tons of maize;
* 1.4 million tons of taro (4th largest producer in the world, second only to Nigeria, China and Cameroon);
* 947 thousand tons of cocoa (2nd largest producer in the world, second only to Ivory Coast);
* 769 thousand tons of rice;
* 753 thousand tons of orange (19th largest producer in the world);
* 713 thousand tons of pineapple (11th largest producer in the world);
* 521 thousand tons of peanut;

== Kuob nɛ gʋ{{'}}ʋl la{{'}}ad ==

=== Cocoa ===
Yʋʋm pisnii nɛ yinnɛ banɛ gaad la sa, banɛ mɔr cocoa tuud suori yit [[Ghana]] yiŋi kuosid la nyɛ yʋ{{'}}ʋr hali bɛ kuob nɛ gʋ{{'}}ʋl yela Ghana sʋ{{'}}ʋlim.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20140404051522/http://www.cocobod.gh/the_ghana_cocostory.php &quot;Ghana Cocoa Board Official Website&quot;]. ''Coco Bod Ghana''. Archived from [https://cocobod.gh/the_ghana_cocostory.php the original] on 4 April 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Cocoa Bean|Cocoa]] anɛ laʋk kanɛ ka Ghana dim mɔr bɛdigʋ lɔmisid tɛɛnsi kuosid.&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150924110030/http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/news/gh_eco_performance_2010_in_figures.pdf &quot;Ghana's Economic Performance in 2010&quot;] (PDF). Ghana Statistical Service. Archived from [http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/news/gh_eco_performance_2010_in_figures.pdf the original] (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 6 November 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Ba kuod cocoa Ghana nɛ tɛɛns banɛ mɔr tiis bɛdigʋ: [[Ashanti Region]], [[Ahafo region|Ahafo Region]], [[Central Region]], [[Eastern Region]], [[Western Region]] nɛ [[Volta Region]]. Ba pin{{'}}ini li pɔn{{'}}ɔb nɛ sawaar nwadig la ni ka bʋndɛɛna lɛɛ bɛnɛ Mɔraʋg nwadig la ni. Cocoa wʋsa ligidi zɛm nɛ, li ya{{'}}a ka{{'}}a banɛ ka ba mɔri sʋ{{'}}a yi tɛŋin la kɛŋ kuosɛ. Banɛ kuod cocoa tita{{'}}am mɔri pɔbibis, nidib biela kuosidi li hali.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Ghana gɔmɛna gɔsid [[Cocoa Bean|cocoa]] kuob yela dɔlisid lʋgir kanɛ buon [[Ghana Cocoa Board]] (COCOBOD) la ni. Yʋʋm tusayi nɛ piiga ni, ban da mɔr cocoa si{{'}}a yi Ghana sʋ{{'}}ʋlim da anɛ na{{'}}asaatɛŋ [[ligidi]] $2,219.5 million (US).&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;

Yʋʋm tusayi nɛ piinɛ ayɔpɔi ni, Ghana da paasnɛ tɛɛns ayi{{'}} daani mɔr cocoa yit yiŋi kuosid ka Côte d'Ivoire an yiiga, ka [[ligidi]] kanɛ da kpɛn{{'}}ɛ na da anɛ na{{'}}asaatɛŋ ligidi $1,914 metric ton wʋsa pʋʋgin; Ba da vɛɛnsi gɔs ka cocoa na maali gaad saŋsi{{'}}eba nɛ 97,500 metric tons. Paasig nwa na mɔr yela bɛ kuosig nɛ da{{'}}ab pʋʋgin tis kpaadib banɛ  kuod pɔbibis nɛ pɔbɛda banɛka gɔmɛna pʋdigi ba 1.3-billion-dollar loon 2017–2018 ye ba ti yɔ{{'}} la.&lt;ref&gt;[https://cocobod.gh/ &quot;Cocobod&quot;]. ''Cooco Bod Ghana''. Retrieved 26 April 2023.&lt;/ref&gt;

Cocoa maan Ghana sʋ{{'}}ʋlm la sʋŋ tɛŋ la nidib tusa-tusa nɛ ligidi yela li kas kas anɛ banɛ bɛ tɛŋ la dagɔbʋg baba la. Nwa{{'}} yinɛ dunia wʋsa da{{'}}adiib ti{{'}}akir wada ni kɛ ka cocoa kuob kɛn tuon la, ka ka{{'}}a li gbirig nɛ tʋmm.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294695970 &quot;Cocoa in Ghana Shaping the success of an economy&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Dankal                         ''' 

[[Dankal]] mɛ anɛ bʋnsʋŋ bɔzugɔ ba mɔri li maan la{{'}}ad bɛdigʋ. Dankal nya{{'}}a tisid biis ma{{'}}nam bin{{'}}isim ka ba pʋ lɛn fabin bin{{'}}isim yɛllɛ.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Sugri, I (2017). [[doi:10.1155/2017/8767340|&quot;Sweet potato value chain analysis reveals opportunities for increased income and food security in northern Ghana&quot;]]. ''Advances in Agriculture''. '''2017'''. et. al: 1–14. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1155/2017/8767340|10.1155/2017/8767340]].&lt;/ref&gt; Ninsaalib mɔr dankal ka li an [[diib]], amaa dankal mɛ anɛ diibi tis bʋnkɔnbid mɛn ka fʋ tɔn{{'}}ɔe nɔki tisi fʋ bʋnkɔnbid ka ba di.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ghana anɛ tɛŋkanɛ gaad tuoni vɛɛnsidi gɔsid bʋnbʋtta banɛ mɔr nya{{'}}a.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Ba kuod dankal tita{{'}}am bɛnɛ ya{{'}}datiʋŋ baba Ghana sʋ{{'}}ʋlim, amaa li mɛ maani bɛ tɛŋ la wʋsa ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;

Ba nyaŋidi mɔr dankali maan ka li kilimid [[Zɔ{{'}}ɔm|zɔ{{'}}ɔm]], [[bodobodo]] nɛ dan{{'}}am malisima. [[Ghana]] ya{{'}}datiʋŋ dim nam pʋ nyaŋi paami li nyɔɔd wan wʋʋ lin nar si{{'}}em bɔzugɔ tɛŋ la pʋ mɔr kʋ{{'}}ʋlʋm ka yɛlkanɛ paas mɛ anɛ ye ba pʋ nyaŋi la{{'}}as taabaa.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Kpaadib la pʋ tis taaba sidaa, bɔzugɔ sɔ{{'}} wʋsa mɔr o pʋtɛn{{'}}ɛr lin nar ye o kuosi li si{{'}}em. La{{'}}asa nam anu sʋŋid ka ba kuosid ka da{{'}}ad dankal, kpaadib la, kpikpiŋ dim, banɛ da{{'}}adi tɔlim, banɛ da{{'}}adi maan la{{'}}asi{{'}}eba nɛ banɛ ka ba mɔri maan la{{'}}ad ka ba da{{'}}ad. Nid wʋsa mɛ mɔr o da{{'}}adiŋ nɛ on kuosidi tisid sɔ{{'}}.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Banɛ ziid dankal ka{{'}} kpaadib la mɛŋa, amaa ba nɔkid lɔɔm la ka ba ziid ka ba yɔɔdi ba.&lt;ref&gt;Nyamah, E.Y.; Jiang, Y (2017). &quot;Agri-food supply chain performance: An empirical impact of risk&quot;. ''Management Decision''. '''55''' (5). Feng, Y &amp; Enchill, E: 872–891. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1108/md-01-2016-0049|10.1108/md-01-2016-0049]].&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Bʋmbʋʋda banɛ ka ba kuod kuosig yɛla ====
Bʋnbʋtta banɛ ka ba kuod kuosig yela tita{{'}}am anɛ abɛ, gungum, rɔba, kikan{{'}}siind, taba nɛ bɛrigis, linɛ ka ba mɔri tɔnridi ʋgʋd baagi nam. Bama wʋsa, li anɛ abɛ [[Tiis|tiig]] la tisid kpaadib ligidi gat.&lt;ref&gt;[http://countrystudies.us/ghana/79.htm &quot;Ghana – Other Commercial Crops&quot;]. ''countrystudies.us''. Retrieved 24 May 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; Baa ban pa{{'}}al ye bʋnbʋtta ban tɔn{{'}}ɔe sʋŋ ka sʋ{{'}}ʋlim kan nɔbig la, gɔmɛna nɔk o saŋa niŋ nɛ bʋnbʋtta banɛ ka ba mɔri lɔmisid tɛɛnsi kuosid ni. Fʋ ya{{'}}a gɔs, kikan{{'}}asiind kuob lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ, bɔzugɔ, ba yɔ{{'}} zin{{'}}is ayi{{'}} banɛ ka maan sikir la, anina ka ba da paam 237,000 tons yʋʋm pʋʋgin bɛ lin da yi yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ anaasi paae yʋʋm tusir, kɔiswai nɛpisyɔpɔi nɛ ayuobʋ la ni, amaa ba da paam nɛ 110,000 tons ma{{'}}a yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai la ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Gɔmɛna sʋŋid nɛ ka bɔɔd banɛ mɔri rɔɔba yit tɛɛns si{{'}}eba ni kuosid la gaad banɛ lɛɛ mɔri maan la{{'}}ad kpala ni la, ba da sʋŋ kpaadib ka ba kua hɛkanam tusatan{{'}} lin na niŋ si{{'}}em ka ba mɔri yi tɛɛns si{{'}}eba ni kuos ka lɛɛ pʋ nyaŋi sʋŋi duoe Bonsa Tire Company, zin{{'}}ig kanɛ da nyaŋidi maal kɔbanam kɔnbisnaasi daar wʋsa yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ anii ni, baa ban pin{{'}}ili li ye li maal ban tusir nɛ kɔbisnu daar wʋsa la.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nam saŋa la, taba kuob da nɔbigid ka kɛn tuon ka ba mɔri li bɛdigʋ kɛn tɛɛns si{{'}}eba ni kuosid. Taba vaand la nɔbigid tɔ{{'}}ɔtɔ{{'}} ka bɔɔd nɛ zin{{'}}ig kanɛ  ka kʋ{{'}}ʋlʋm bɛ ka li na nyaŋi maal wan wʋʋ li bʋnbʋtta taaba amaa banɛ tɔn{{'}}ɔe ban{{'}}as la an sʋ{{'}}ʋm. Ban na kuos taba [[ligidi]] si{{'}}em bɛn yela da kɛ ka taba kuob lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ, yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi pin{{'}}ilig saŋa ba da kua nɛ baagi tʋsatan{{'}} nɛ kɔbisnaasi amaa ka li sigi lɛb tuisr, kɔbisnaasi nɛ pistan{{'}} nɛ atan{{'}} bɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai la ni. Yʋʋm tusayi nɛ ayuobʋ nɛ ayɔpɔi saŋa, BAT (British America Tobacco) dim tʋʋma da san{{'}}am ya, kati wa{{'}}ae nidibi da duoe gɛɛsid ye ba da lɛmis taba la, nwa{{'}} da kɛ ka lampɔ kanɛ bɛ taba zugin da paas ka nidib yʋ{{'}}ʋn mɔri li su{{'}}adi kuosid.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Tʋʋma lʋgir kanɛ ka ba da buon Leaf Development Company da kɛn yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ anii na ye ba kua taba lin na niŋ si{{'}}em ka banɛ bɛ tɛŋ la ni paam da{{'}} ka li dɔlis anina ka ba mɔri yit tɛɛns si{{'}}eba ni kuosid. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ ni, tʋʋma lʋgir la da kuos si{{'}}el yiiga da anɛ baagi kɔbiswan{{'}} banɛ ka wiim pʋ tɔn{{'}}e ba, mui baagi pisnu, nɛ tabkpi{{'}}ema baagi pisnu, ba da mɔr 250 tons yi tɛŋ la yiŋi kuos ka ban da nyɛ ligidi sia an US$380,000. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ ni, British tobacco company dim da da{{'}}a Meridian Tobacco Company sʋ{{'}}ʋgir paŋ pisnaasi nɛ awa{{'}} nɛ pʋdigir ayi yinnɛ ni, kɔbiga pʋʋgin ka li da kɛ k aba mɔr paŋ anina ka gɔsidi li yela ban nɛ Social Security and National Insurance Trust. Tʋʋma lʋgir yinnɛ kanɛ buon Pioneer Tobacco Company dim da yis labaar yi{{'}}iŋ na ye ba paam nyɔɔd piswai nɛ ayiŋa, kɔbiga pʋʋin, fʋ ya{{'}}a yis lampɔ ka kɛ, ka li pa{{'}}al ye ba nyɔɔd da gaad 1 billion yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ la ni. Ban da paam ligidi sia pa{{'}}al zugin da anɛ ¢360 million, li da pʋdig ligidi kanɛ ka ba da yɔ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni la.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Gungum kuob da kɛn tuon hali bɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi tɛnsʋk saŋa, li da paae 24,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ ayɔpɔi la ni, amaa ka lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ ka ban paam si{{'}}em la da anɛ fʋ ya{{'}}a pʋdig nwa{{'}} abʋtan{{'}} bɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai la ni. Ban da ti{{'}}ak Ghana Cotton Development Board ka li paas Ghana Cotton Company pʋʋgin la, gungum kuob da nɔbig ya hali yi kɔbiga pʋʋgin pʋdigir anaasi paae pisnu, kɔbiga pʋʋgin bɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ ayuobʋ nɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai tɛnsʋk, Ghana da paam ligidi US$6 million yi gungum kuosig ni. Tʋʋma lʋgir la da bɔɔd ye yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ, nɛ tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ anu tɛnsʋk, pɔɔd wan wʋʋ 20,000 hectares ka ba na nɔki kua gungum, lin na niŋ si{{'}}em ka Ghana nyaŋi paam ban bɔɔd gungum si{{'}}em la, baa li ya{{'}}a ka{{'}}a wʋsa ka li pansig nɛ finn.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Yʋʋni linɛ yit tan{{'}}ama tiis ni la taa bɛnɛ [[Northern Region|Northern]], [[Upper East Region|Upper East]] and [[Upper West Region|Upper West Regions]] banɛ bɛ Ghana sʋ{{'}}ʋlim la. Banɛ pi{{'}}isid yʋʋni tita{{'}}am anɛ pʋ{{'}}ab, banɛ lɛn maani li ka tuod kʋsakpaam kuosid. Nidib banɛ pi{{'}}isid yʋʋmi gaad pʋ{{'}}ab tusa kɔbiswai bɛ ya{{'}}tuona sʋ{{'}}ʋlim ka ba pi{{'}}isid nɛ yʋʋni tusa kɔbiga nɛ pistan{{'}} yʋʋm wʋsa pʋʋgin. Yʋʋni pi{{'}}isig anɛ tʋʋma tis pʋ{{'}}ab banɛ bɛ tɛnkpɛmisin zin{{'}}is bama ni ka li sʋŋidi ba ka ba paamid ban bɔɔd si{{'}}eli da{{'}}ad. Tan{{'}}aŋ tiig vaand mɛ anɛ tiim, ba mɔri li ti{{'}}ebid pʋban{{'}}asi bɛ biis ni.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.herbazest.com/herbs/shea-tree &quot;Shea Tree&quot;]. ''HerbaZest''. Retrieved 15 July 2024.&lt;/ref&gt; Ba mɛ mɔri ugun ka li ti{{'}}ebid zug zabir nɛ nif ban{{'}}as. Dunia wʋsa yʋʋni kuosig kɛn tuon ka Ghana paas tɛɛns banɛ kuosidi nɛ li la{{'}}asi{{'}}eba bɛdigʋ.&lt;ref&gt;[https://cocobod.gh/pages/shea &quot;Cocobod - Shea&quot;]. ''cocobod.gh''. Retrieved 15 July 2024.&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Bʋnkɔnbid nɛ bʋmbʋʋda banɛ dit =====
Bʋmbʋʋda banɛ ka ba bʋti ba diib yɛla tita{{'}}am si{{'}}eba anɛ kawɛnna, busa, banki nɛ bʋnbʋtta si{{'}}eba banɛ nyɛ{{'}}ɛt. Baa gɔmɛna bɔɔd ye o kɛ ka nidib lɛbi kuod bʋmbʋʋda banɛ ka ba dit la, bʋndidig kuob da lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ 2.7 percent yʋʋm wʋsa pʋʋgin bɛ 1971 nɛ 1973 tɛnsʋk, ka 1981 paae 1983 mɛ da an ala. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ atan{{'}} ni la, [[Ghana]] da paam bɔɔdie ka li si{{'}}al tɛŋ la bɔɔdim bɛn. Dikanɛ k aba da mɔri lɔ{{'}}ɔŋ tɛɛnsin kuos da dʋya yi 43,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ atan{{'}} ni paae 152,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ yinnɛ ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Bʋnlinɛ yela ka ba kuob da lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ la la, lɛn paas nɛ nidibi bat tɛnkpɛmis ka kɛn tɛnpʋʋs ni la nɛ nidibi bɔɔd mui nɛ kawɛnna ka zug k abama kuob lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ. Yelbanɛ paad kpaadib anɛ ban na paam kuob la{{'}}ad, ba ya{{'}}a bʋn na niŋ si{{'}}em mɔri li paae da{{'}}an nɛ nidibi mɔr diib tɛŋ si{{'}}eba kpɛn{{'}}ɛd Ghana n aka li ligid pʋ kpiem la yela. Saŋa la ti{{'}}asid la zug, li kas kas yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ atan{{'}} ni la, wak da lu na kɛ ka bʋnbʋtta maalig sie yi 518,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ ayi{{'}} ni lɛb 450,000 tons. Diib kanɛ ka ba da mɔri kpɛn{{'}}ɛ Ghana yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ ayi{{'}} nɛ pisnii nɛ atan{{'}} la ni da anɛ 115,000 tons, ka ba da vɛɛnsi gɔs ka ye yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ atan{{'}} nɛ pisnii nɛ anaasi yʋʋŋ la li na si{{'}}e lɛb 370,000 tons.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Nɔbigir da kɛna pin{{'}}il nɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ anaasi ni, ka li da yinɛ wak la da gaad la yela. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ anii ni, kuob nɛ gʋ{{'}}ʋl lʋgir la da nɔbigya, ka nɔbigir la bɛdigʋ da yinɛ kpaadib nina. Wak da lɛb yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni na, ka li da kɛ ka diib maalig lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ, mui ma{{'}}a da sɔn{{'}}ɔe, amaa ba da muki kua ka li kɛ ka li ligidi da sie yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ la ni.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Mɔtʋl nwadig la ni, yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni, gɔmɛna da bɔɔd ye o kɛ ka kuob nɛ gʋ{{'}}ʋl lʋgir kɛn tuon. Ba da bɔɔd ye nidib kua bɛdigʋ ka diib bɛ{{'}} lin na niŋ si{{'}}em ka li ligidi sie. Gɔmɛna gban{{'}}ar linɛ ka o da yis na yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni la, da bɔɔd nɛ lin na niŋ si{{'}}em ka bʋnbʋtta maal sʋ{{'}}ʋŋa ka diib bɛ, linzug ka ba da kpɛmisid kpaadib la nɛ la{{'}}asi{{'}}eba la{{'}}anɛ zin{{'}}is banɛ k aba na sʋ{{'}}adi ba la{{'}}ad.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

Bʋnkɔnbid gʋ{{'}}ʋlʋg da lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ ka li anɛ pɔ{{'}}ɔg yela bɛ Ghana sʋ{{'}}ʋlim banɛ ka tiis bɛ la, ka ba si{{'}}ebsa mɛ pʋ paamid yammi ɔnbida. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai ni, niigi kanl da an wan wʋʋ 1.2 million, ka pɛ{{'}}ɛs an 2.2 million, ka bʋʋs an 2 million, ka kurkurnam an 550,000, ka nɔɔs mɛ an 8 million Ghana sʋ{{'}}ʋlim.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;

[[Bɛŋa|Bɛŋa]] anɛ bʋnbʋttir kanɛ bɛ [[Ghana]] sʋ{{'}}ʋim ka bʋnvʋya si{{'}}eba bɛ san{{'}}amidi ba hali. Yʋʋm tusayi nɛ pisi nɛ ayi la ni kɛn tuon, bɛŋa kuob lɛb nya{{'}}aŋ ka bʋnvʋya banɛ san{{'}}amidi ba kɛ ka li kuob pʋ lɛn malis nidib ya{{'}}asɛ. Yʋda nam la an banɛ san{{'}}amid bɛŋa hali gati ba taaba, ka li kɛt ka kpaadib si{{'}}eba ɛɛnti kɔ{{'}}ɔŋi ba [[diib]] zin{{'}}is awai, pʋdigir piiga pʋʋgin. Gɔmɛna nɛ asʋ{{'}}ʋmmɛŋ dim mugusid ye nidib kua na{{'}}asaa bɛŋa ka ban pʋ kpɛn{{'}}ɛd yʋda walaa, baa ban nam pʋ tik nʋ{{'}}ʋg ye ba nɔki li tʋm yʋʋm tusayi nɛ pisi nɛ ayi{{'}} saŋa la, kpaadib la nyidigidi ba mɛŋi ieedi li ye ba kua. Kpaadib la mɔr ti{{'}}ir ye yʋʋm tusayi nɛ anaasi bɛ li kʋ paae sankanɛ ka ba na tik nu{{'}}ug. Kuob nɛ gʋ{{'}}ʋl lʋgir la mɔr bʋnbʋttir la ba gban{{'}}ar pʋʋgin.&lt;ref&gt;[[:en:Ministry_of_Food_and_Agriculture_(Ghana)|Republic of Ghana Ministry of Food and Agriculture]] (February 2022). [http://mofa.gov.gh/site/images/pdf/2.Ghana_IPMP_P178132_FSRP2_8Feb2022.pdf &quot;West Africa Food System Resilience Program (FSRP2) – Phase 2 (P178132) Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP)&quot;] (PDF).&lt;/ref&gt;

== Gbanvɛɛnsa ==</text>
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