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taybet
0
7133
6237370
5996283
2026-06-10T21:18:51Z
Kawarizgar1
14836
/* Rengdêr */
6237370
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|t(h)aybet}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-taybet.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|taybet}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}, {{bilêv|t|req|1}}, {{bilêv|t|nerm|2}}
# [[xas]], [[awarte]], [[radî]], [[xusûsî]], [[arizî]], [[cuda]], [[ferq]], ne [[mîna]] yên din, ne [[wek]] yên dî, <br>tiştek wisan hebûn ku yên din nîne, <br>tiştek wisan tinebûn ku yên din heye
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) di civatên min û wî yên '''taybet''' de, tim digot (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Jan Dost/Mijabad}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Berpirsyar, serbaz û parêzgehên '''taybetê''' hemû şûnde bezîn derve (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Zeynelabidîn Zinar/Balafira Jînê}}}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[cihê]], [[têvel]], [[şexsî]], [[prîvat]], [[întîm]], [[taybetî]], [[ferdî]]}} [[kesane]]
#:Tu çima xwe taybet (kesane) dihêlî?
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# cuda
#: Ez dixwazim bi te ra taybet(cuda) biaxivim
#: Çi taybetîyên(cudahîyên) te hene ji ên din ku ez ji te ra deyn bidim lê ji kesên din ra nedim?
#: Paşê ez dê li ser pirsên te taybet(cuda) binivîsim
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# xweza, xweristî
#: taybetîyên (xweristîyên) mirovan axaftin û raman in
#: xurek xwarin taybetîyeka (xweristîyeka) mirovan e
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# sereke
#: Min bi taybetî (bi serekeyî) ji te hez kir
#: Me bi taybetî (bi serekeyî) tu hildibijartî
#: Di nav pirtûkan de bi taybetî (serekeyî) ji ên zimanî hez dikir
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# rêz, bend
#: Taybetîyên (bendên) gotaran çi ne?
#: Taybetîyên rêbazên te çi ne?
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Herwiha ====
* [[teybet]]
==== Dijmane ====
* [[adetî]]
* [[gelemper]]
* [[giştî]]
* [[normal]]
==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* {{mj|lêker}} [[taybet kirin]]
* {{mj|navdêr}} [[taybetkirin]]
* {{mj|rengdêr}} [[taybetkirî]]
* [[bi taybetî]]
* [[taybetî]]
* [[taybetmend]]
* [[taybetmendî]]
}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|طيبة|tr=ṭeybe<sup>t</sup>|w=[[başî]], [[qencî]], [[hêjayî]], [[jêhatî]]tî}} yan ji {{ji|arc|ku|ܛܝܒܘܬܐ|tr=tˁaybuθɑ}}, îbrî [[טובה]] (tobe, tove: baş). Bo guherîna maneya bide ber "[[xas]]" ku di [[kurdiya başûrî]] de maneya "baş" wergirtiye yan [[zor]] ku di soranî de wateya "gelek, pirr" wergirtiye. Herwiha dikare ji {{g|ar|طبيعة|tr=ṭebî'e<sup>t</sup>|w=[[sirişt]], [[xwerist]], [[tebîet]]}} ku herwiha serekaniya "[[tebîet]]" ya kurdî ye jî; ji {{g|ar|طبع|tr=ṭeb'|w=[[muhr]], [[teb']], [[çap]], [[dews]], [[şûn]], [[şop]]}}. Bi [[metatez]]ê "tebî'et > *te'îbet > taybet". Bo guherîna "e+[[eyn]]" bi "a" di kurdî de binêre: "[[aqil]], [[alif]], [[ala]]".
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|veçantë|cuda=i veçantë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|speziell}}, {{W-|de|Spezial-}}, {{W+|de|ungewöhnlich}}, {{W+|de|Sonder-}}, {{W+|de|besondere}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|xüsusi}}, {{W-|az|əlahiddə}}, {{W-|az|xas}}, {{W+|az|məxsus}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|berezi}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|асаблі́вы}}, {{W-|be|спецыя́льны}}, {{W-|be|вынятко́вы}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বিশেষ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|осо́бен}}, {{W+|bg|специа́лен}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ထူး}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|zvláštní}}, {{W+|cs|speciální}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|特別|cuda=特別的|tr=tèbié de}}, {{W+|cmn|特殊|tr=tèshū de|cuda=特殊的}}, {{W+|cmn|專門|cuda=專門的|tr=zhuānmén de}}
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|特別|tr=dak6 bit6}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|speciel}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|khusus}}, {{W+|id|istimewa}}, {{W+|id|khas}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|خَاصّ}}, {{W-|ar|خُصُوصِيّ}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|خاص|tr=ḵaṣṣ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|հատուկ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|speciala}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|eri-}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ویژه|tr=viže}}, {{W+|fa|خاص|tr=xâs}}, {{W+|fa|مخصوص|tr=maxsus}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|erikoinen}}, {{W+|fi|omalaatuinen}}, {{W-|fi|erikois-}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|spécial}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|sònraichte}}, {{W-|gd|àraidh}}, {{W-|gd|air leth}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|განსაკუთრებული}}, {{W-|ka|სპეციალური}}, {{W-|ka|საგანგებო}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|ख़ास}}, {{W+|hi|विशेष}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|speciaal}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מיוחד|n|tr=m'yukhád|cuda=מיוחד \ מְיֻחָד}}, {{W-|he|ייחודי|n|tr=yikhudí}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|specala}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|synderlīċ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|special}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|speisialta}}, {{W-|ga|ar leith}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|speciale}}, {{W+|it|specifico}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sérstakur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|特別|tr=とくべつな, tokubetsu na|cuda=特別な}}, {{W+|ja|特殊|tr=とくしゅな, tokushu na|cuda=特殊な}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|especial}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|атайын}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|특별하다}}, {{W+|ko|특수하다}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|sovins}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|eximius}}, {{W-|la|praecipuus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|īpašs}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ພິເສດ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|ypatingas}}, {{W-|lt|nepaprastas}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|посебен}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|istimewa}}, {{W-|ms|khas}}, {{W-|ms|khusus}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|motuhake}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|विशेष}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|különleges}}, {{W+|hu|speciális}}, {{W+|hu|rendkívüli}}, {{W+|hu|alkalmi}}, {{W+|hu|külön|cuda=külön-}}, {{W+|hu|szakmai}}, {{W-|hu|szak-}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|онцгой}}, {{W+|mn|тусгай}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|spéshelígíí}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|spesiell}}, {{W-|nb|spesial}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|spesiell}}, {{W-|nn|spesial}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|especial|n}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئالاھىدە}}, {{W-|ug|خاس}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|maxsus}}, {{W+|uz|alohida}}, {{W+|uz|xos}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|مخصوص|tr=maxsús}}, {{W+|ps|خاص|tr=xās}}, {{W+|ps|خصوصي|tr=xosusí}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|besonda}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|specjalny}}, {{W+|pl|wyjątkowy}}, {{W+|pl|osobliwy}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|especial}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|арнайы}}, {{W-|kk|арнаулы}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|special}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|осо́бый|n}}, {{W+|ru|осо́бенный|n}}, {{W+|ru|специа́льный|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|по́себан}}, {{W-|sh|спе̏ција̄лан}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|póseban}}, {{W+|sh|spȅcijālan}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|špeciálny}}, {{W-|sk|zvláštny}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|poseben|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|wósebny}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|especial}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|maalum}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|speciell}}, {{W+|sv|särskild}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|вижа}}, {{W+|tg|хос}}, {{W+|tg|махсус}}, {{W-|tg|алоҳида}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|พิเศษ}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|махсус}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|özel}}, {{W+|tr|has}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|aýratyn}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|خاص|tr=xās}}, {{W-|ur|مخصوص|tr=maxsūs}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|особли́вий}}, {{W+|uk|спеціа́льний}}, {{W-|uk|ви́їмковий}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đặc biệt}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|arbennig}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ពិសេស}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|ספּעציעל}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|έκτακτος|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|special|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75875997}}
lmmuifbguti6rxorfshniuh88iv1g74
6237371
6237370
2026-06-10T21:25:32Z
Kawarizgar1
14836
/* Rengdêr */
6237371
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|t(h)aybet}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-taybet.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|taybet}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}, {{bilêv|t|req|1}}, {{bilêv|t|nerm|2}}
# [[xas]], [[awarte]], [[radî]], [[xusûsî]], [[arizî]], [[cuda]], [[ferq]], ne [[mîna]] yên din, ne [[wek]] yên dî, <br>tiştek wisan hebûn ku yên din nîne, <br>tiştek wisan tinebûn ku yên din heye
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) di civatên min û wî yên '''taybet''' de, tim digot (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Jan Dost/Mijabad}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Berpirsyar, serbaz û parêzgehên '''taybetê''' hemû şûnde bezîn derve (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Zeynelabidîn Zinar/Balafira Jînê}}}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[cihê]], [[têvel]], [[şexsî]], [[prîvat]], [[întîm]], [[taybetî]], [[ferdî]]}} [[kesane]]
#:Tu çima xwe taybet (kesane) dihêlî?
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# cuda
#: Ez dixwazim bi te ra taybet(cuda) biaxivim
#: Çi taybetîyên(cudahîyên) te hene ji ên din ku ez ji te ra deyn bidim lê ji kesên din ra nedim?
#: Paşê ez dê li ser pirsên te taybet(cuda) binivîsim
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# xweza, xweristî
#: taybetîyên (xweristîyên) mirovan axaftin û raman in
#: xurek xwarin taybetîyeka (xweristîyeka) mirovan e
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# sereke
#: Min bi taybetî (bi serekeyî) ji te hez kir
#: Me bi taybetî (bi serekeyî) tu hildibijartî
#: Di nav pirtûkan de bi taybetî (serekeyî) ji ên zimanî hez dikir
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[yegane]]
#: Mem û Zîn di nav berhemên serdema navîn de taybet e.(yegane ye)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# rêz, bend
#: Taybetîyên (bendên) gotaran çi ne?
#: Taybetîyên rêbazên te çi ne?
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Herwiha ====
* [[teybet]]
==== Dijmane ====
* [[adetî]]
* [[gelemper]]
* [[giştî]]
* [[normal]]
==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* {{mj|lêker}} [[taybet kirin]]
* {{mj|navdêr}} [[taybetkirin]]
* {{mj|rengdêr}} [[taybetkirî]]
* [[bi taybetî]]
* [[taybetî]]
* [[taybetmend]]
* [[taybetmendî]]
}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|طيبة|tr=ṭeybe<sup>t</sup>|w=[[başî]], [[qencî]], [[hêjayî]], [[jêhatî]]tî}} yan ji {{ji|arc|ku|ܛܝܒܘܬܐ|tr=tˁaybuθɑ}}, îbrî [[טובה]] (tobe, tove: baş). Bo guherîna maneya bide ber "[[xas]]" ku di [[kurdiya başûrî]] de maneya "baş" wergirtiye yan [[zor]] ku di soranî de wateya "gelek, pirr" wergirtiye. Herwiha dikare ji {{g|ar|طبيعة|tr=ṭebî'e<sup>t</sup>|w=[[sirişt]], [[xwerist]], [[tebîet]]}} ku herwiha serekaniya "[[tebîet]]" ya kurdî ye jî; ji {{g|ar|طبع|tr=ṭeb'|w=[[muhr]], [[teb']], [[çap]], [[dews]], [[şûn]], [[şop]]}}. Bi [[metatez]]ê "tebî'et > *te'îbet > taybet". Bo guherîna "e+[[eyn]]" bi "a" di kurdî de binêre: "[[aqil]], [[alif]], [[ala]]".
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|veçantë|cuda=i veçantë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|speziell}}, {{W-|de|Spezial-}}, {{W+|de|ungewöhnlich}}, {{W+|de|Sonder-}}, {{W+|de|besondere}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|xüsusi}}, {{W-|az|əlahiddə}}, {{W-|az|xas}}, {{W+|az|məxsus}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|berezi}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|асаблі́вы}}, {{W-|be|спецыя́льны}}, {{W-|be|вынятко́вы}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বিশেষ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|осо́бен}}, {{W+|bg|специа́лен}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ထူး}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|zvláštní}}, {{W+|cs|speciální}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|特別|cuda=特別的|tr=tèbié de}}, {{W+|cmn|特殊|tr=tèshū de|cuda=特殊的}}, {{W+|cmn|專門|cuda=專門的|tr=zhuānmén de}}
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|特別|tr=dak6 bit6}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|speciel}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|khusus}}, {{W+|id|istimewa}}, {{W+|id|khas}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|خَاصّ}}, {{W-|ar|خُصُوصِيّ}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|خاص|tr=ḵaṣṣ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|հատուկ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|speciala}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|eri-}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ویژه|tr=viže}}, {{W+|fa|خاص|tr=xâs}}, {{W+|fa|مخصوص|tr=maxsus}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|erikoinen}}, {{W+|fi|omalaatuinen}}, {{W-|fi|erikois-}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|spécial}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|sònraichte}}, {{W-|gd|àraidh}}, {{W-|gd|air leth}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|განსაკუთრებული}}, {{W-|ka|სპეციალური}}, {{W-|ka|საგანგებო}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|ख़ास}}, {{W+|hi|विशेष}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|speciaal}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מיוחד|n|tr=m'yukhád|cuda=מיוחד \ מְיֻחָד}}, {{W-|he|ייחודי|n|tr=yikhudí}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|specala}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|synderlīċ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|special}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|speisialta}}, {{W-|ga|ar leith}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|speciale}}, {{W+|it|specifico}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sérstakur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|特別|tr=とくべつな, tokubetsu na|cuda=特別な}}, {{W+|ja|特殊|tr=とくしゅな, tokushu na|cuda=特殊な}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|especial}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|атайын}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|특별하다}}, {{W+|ko|특수하다}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|sovins}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|eximius}}, {{W-|la|praecipuus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|īpašs}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ພິເສດ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|ypatingas}}, {{W-|lt|nepaprastas}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|посебен}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|istimewa}}, {{W-|ms|khas}}, {{W-|ms|khusus}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|motuhake}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|विशेष}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|különleges}}, {{W+|hu|speciális}}, {{W+|hu|rendkívüli}}, {{W+|hu|alkalmi}}, {{W+|hu|külön|cuda=külön-}}, {{W+|hu|szakmai}}, {{W-|hu|szak-}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|онцгой}}, {{W+|mn|тусгай}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|spéshelígíí}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|spesiell}}, {{W-|nb|spesial}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|spesiell}}, {{W-|nn|spesial}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|especial|n}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئالاھىدە}}, {{W-|ug|خاس}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|maxsus}}, {{W+|uz|alohida}}, {{W+|uz|xos}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|مخصوص|tr=maxsús}}, {{W+|ps|خاص|tr=xās}}, {{W+|ps|خصوصي|tr=xosusí}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|besonda}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|specjalny}}, {{W+|pl|wyjątkowy}}, {{W+|pl|osobliwy}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|especial}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|арнайы}}, {{W-|kk|арнаулы}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|special}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|осо́бый|n}}, {{W+|ru|осо́бенный|n}}, {{W+|ru|специа́льный|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|по́себан}}, {{W-|sh|спе̏ција̄лан}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|póseban}}, {{W+|sh|spȅcijālan}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|špeciálny}}, {{W-|sk|zvláštny}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|poseben|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|wósebny}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|especial}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|maalum}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|speciell}}, {{W+|sv|särskild}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|вижа}}, {{W+|tg|хос}}, {{W+|tg|махсус}}, {{W-|tg|алоҳида}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|พิเศษ}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|махсус}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|özel}}, {{W+|tr|has}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|aýratyn}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|خاص|tr=xās}}, {{W-|ur|مخصوص|tr=maxsūs}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|особли́вий}}, {{W+|uk|спеціа́льний}}, {{W-|uk|ви́їмковий}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đặc biệt}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|arbennig}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ពិសេស}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|ספּעציעל}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|έκτακτος|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|special|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75875997}}
5pocs1hqldv9go1teavx8ftlzbt2pnq
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Kawarizgar1
14836
/* Rengdêr */
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wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|t(h)aybet}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-taybet.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|taybet}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}, {{bilêv|t|req|1}}, {{bilêv|t|nerm|2}}
# [[xas]], [[awarte]], [[radî]], [[xusûsî]], [[arizî]], [[cuda]], [[ferq]], ne [[mîna]] yên din, ne [[wek]] yên dî, <br>tiştek wisan hebûn ku yên din nîne, <br>tiştek wisan tinebûn ku yên din heye
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) di civatên min û wî yên '''taybet''' de, tim digot (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Jan Dost/Mijabad}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Berpirsyar, serbaz û parêzgehên '''taybetê''' hemû şûnde bezîn derve (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Zeynelabidîn Zinar/Balafira Jînê}}}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[cihê]], [[têvel]], [[şexsî]], [[prîvat]], [[întîm]], [[taybetî]], [[ferdî]]}} [[kesane]]
#:Tu çima xwe taybet (kesane) dihêlî?
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# cuda
#: Ez dixwazim bi te ra taybet(cuda) biaxivim
#: Çi taybetîyên(cudahîyên) te hene ji ên din ku ez ji te ra deyn bidim lê ji kesên din ra nedim?
#: Paşê ez dê li ser pirsên te taybet(cuda) binivîsim
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# xweza, xweristî
#: taybetîyên (xweristîyên) mirovan axaftin û raman in
#: xurek xwarin taybetîyeka (xweristîyeka) mirovan e
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# sereke
#: Min bi taybetî (bi serekeyî) ji te hez kir
#: Me bi taybetî (bi serekeyî) tu hildibijartî
#: Di nav pirtûkan de bi taybetî (serekeyî) ji ên zimanî hez dikir
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[yegane]]
#: Mem û Zîn di nav berhemên serdema navîn de taybet e.(yegane ye)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[rêz]], [[bend]]
#: Taybetîyên (bendên) gotaran çi ne?
#: Taybetîyên rêbazên te çi ne?
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[girîng]], [[giran]]
#: Tu li ber çavê min mirovekê taybet î (mirovekê giran î , girîng î)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Herwiha ====
* [[teybet]]
==== Dijmane ====
* [[adetî]]
* [[gelemper]]
* [[giştî]]
* [[normal]]
==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* {{mj|lêker}} [[taybet kirin]]
* {{mj|navdêr}} [[taybetkirin]]
* {{mj|rengdêr}} [[taybetkirî]]
* [[bi taybetî]]
* [[taybetî]]
* [[taybetmend]]
* [[taybetmendî]]
}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|طيبة|tr=ṭeybe<sup>t</sup>|w=[[başî]], [[qencî]], [[hêjayî]], [[jêhatî]]tî}} yan ji {{ji|arc|ku|ܛܝܒܘܬܐ|tr=tˁaybuθɑ}}, îbrî [[טובה]] (tobe, tove: baş). Bo guherîna maneya bide ber "[[xas]]" ku di [[kurdiya başûrî]] de maneya "baş" wergirtiye yan [[zor]] ku di soranî de wateya "gelek, pirr" wergirtiye. Herwiha dikare ji {{g|ar|طبيعة|tr=ṭebî'e<sup>t</sup>|w=[[sirişt]], [[xwerist]], [[tebîet]]}} ku herwiha serekaniya "[[tebîet]]" ya kurdî ye jî; ji {{g|ar|طبع|tr=ṭeb'|w=[[muhr]], [[teb']], [[çap]], [[dews]], [[şûn]], [[şop]]}}. Bi [[metatez]]ê "tebî'et > *te'îbet > taybet". Bo guherîna "e+[[eyn]]" bi "a" di kurdî de binêre: "[[aqil]], [[alif]], [[ala]]".
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|veçantë|cuda=i veçantë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|speziell}}, {{W-|de|Spezial-}}, {{W+|de|ungewöhnlich}}, {{W+|de|Sonder-}}, {{W+|de|besondere}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|xüsusi}}, {{W-|az|əlahiddə}}, {{W-|az|xas}}, {{W+|az|məxsus}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|berezi}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|асаблі́вы}}, {{W-|be|спецыя́льны}}, {{W-|be|вынятко́вы}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বিশেষ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|осо́бен}}, {{W+|bg|специа́лен}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ထူး}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|zvláštní}}, {{W+|cs|speciální}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|特別|cuda=特別的|tr=tèbié de}}, {{W+|cmn|特殊|tr=tèshū de|cuda=特殊的}}, {{W+|cmn|專門|cuda=專門的|tr=zhuānmén de}}
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|特別|tr=dak6 bit6}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|speciel}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|khusus}}, {{W+|id|istimewa}}, {{W+|id|khas}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|خَاصّ}}, {{W-|ar|خُصُوصِيّ}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|خاص|tr=ḵaṣṣ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|հատուկ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|speciala}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|eri-}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ویژه|tr=viže}}, {{W+|fa|خاص|tr=xâs}}, {{W+|fa|مخصوص|tr=maxsus}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|erikoinen}}, {{W+|fi|omalaatuinen}}, {{W-|fi|erikois-}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|spécial}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|sònraichte}}, {{W-|gd|àraidh}}, {{W-|gd|air leth}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|განსაკუთრებული}}, {{W-|ka|სპეციალური}}, {{W-|ka|საგანგებო}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|ख़ास}}, {{W+|hi|विशेष}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|speciaal}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מיוחד|n|tr=m'yukhád|cuda=מיוחד \ מְיֻחָד}}, {{W-|he|ייחודי|n|tr=yikhudí}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|specala}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|synderlīċ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|special}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|speisialta}}, {{W-|ga|ar leith}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|speciale}}, {{W+|it|specifico}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sérstakur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|特別|tr=とくべつな, tokubetsu na|cuda=特別な}}, {{W+|ja|特殊|tr=とくしゅな, tokushu na|cuda=特殊な}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|especial}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|атайын}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|특별하다}}, {{W+|ko|특수하다}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|sovins}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|eximius}}, {{W-|la|praecipuus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|īpašs}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ພິເສດ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|ypatingas}}, {{W-|lt|nepaprastas}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|посебен}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|istimewa}}, {{W-|ms|khas}}, {{W-|ms|khusus}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|motuhake}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|विशेष}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|különleges}}, {{W+|hu|speciális}}, {{W+|hu|rendkívüli}}, {{W+|hu|alkalmi}}, {{W+|hu|külön|cuda=külön-}}, {{W+|hu|szakmai}}, {{W-|hu|szak-}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|онцгой}}, {{W+|mn|тусгай}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|spéshelígíí}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|spesiell}}, {{W-|nb|spesial}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|spesiell}}, {{W-|nn|spesial}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|especial|n}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئالاھىدە}}, {{W-|ug|خاس}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|maxsus}}, {{W+|uz|alohida}}, {{W+|uz|xos}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|مخصوص|tr=maxsús}}, {{W+|ps|خاص|tr=xās}}, {{W+|ps|خصوصي|tr=xosusí}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|besonda}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|specjalny}}, {{W+|pl|wyjątkowy}}, {{W+|pl|osobliwy}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|especial}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|арнайы}}, {{W-|kk|арнаулы}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|special}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|осо́бый|n}}, {{W+|ru|осо́бенный|n}}, {{W+|ru|специа́льный|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|по́себан}}, {{W-|sh|спе̏ција̄лан}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|póseban}}, {{W+|sh|spȅcijālan}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|špeciálny}}, {{W-|sk|zvláštny}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|poseben|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|wósebny}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|especial}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|maalum}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|speciell}}, {{W+|sv|särskild}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|вижа}}, {{W+|tg|хос}}, {{W+|tg|махсус}}, {{W-|tg|алоҳида}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|พิเศษ}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|махсус}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|özel}}, {{W+|tr|has}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|aýratyn}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|خاص|tr=xās}}, {{W-|ur|مخصوص|tr=maxsūs}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|особли́вий}}, {{W+|uk|спеціа́льний}}, {{W-|uk|ви́їмковий}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đặc biệt}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|arbennig}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ពិសេស}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|ספּעציעל}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|έκτακτος|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|special|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75875997}}
c92txgkfq5657a6lexx0hq34rameual
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Kawarizgar1
14836
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wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|t(h)aybet}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-taybet.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|taybet}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}, {{bilêv|t|req|1}}, {{bilêv|t|nerm|2}}
# [[xas]], [[awarte]], [[radî]], [[xusûsî]], [[arizî]], [[cuda]], [[ferq]], ne [[mîna]] yên din, ne [[wek]] yên dî, <br>tiştek wisan hebûn ku yên din nîne, <br>tiştek wisan tinebûn ku yên din heye
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) di civatên min û wî yên '''taybet''' de, tim digot (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Jan Dost/Mijabad}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Berpirsyar, serbaz û parêzgehên '''taybetê''' hemû şûnde bezîn derve (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Zeynelabidîn Zinar/Balafira Jînê}}}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[cihê]], [[têvel]], [[şexsî]], [[prîvat]], [[întîm]], [[taybetî]], [[ferdî]]}} [[kesane]]
#:Tu çima xwe taybet (kesane) dihêlî?
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[cuda]]
#: Ez dixwazim bi te ra taybet(cuda) biaxivim
#: Çi taybetîyên(cudahîyên) te hene ji ên din ku ez ji te ra deyn bidim lê ji kesên din ra nedim?
#: Paşê ez dê li ser pirsên te taybet(cuda) binivîsim
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[xweza][, [[xweristî]]
#: taybetîyên (xweristîyên) mirovan axaftin û raman in
#: xurek xwarin taybetîyeka (xweristîyeka) mirovan e
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[sereke]]
#: Min bi taybetî (bi serekeyî) ji te hez kir
#: Me bi taybetî (bi serekeyî) tu hildibijartî
#: Di nav pirtûkan de bi taybetî (serekeyî) ji ên zimanî hez dikir
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[yegane]]
#: Mem û Zîn di nav berhemên serdema navîn de taybet e.(yegane ye)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[rêz]], [[bend]]
#: Taybetîyên (bendên) gotaran çi ne?
#: Taybetîyên rêbazên te çi ne?
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[girîng]], [[giran]]
#: Tu li ber çavê min mirovekê taybet î (mirovekê giran î , girîng î)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Herwiha ====
* [[teybet]]
==== Dijmane ====
* [[adetî]]
* [[gelemper]]
* [[giştî]]
* [[normal]]
==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* {{mj|lêker}} [[taybet kirin]]
* {{mj|navdêr}} [[taybetkirin]]
* {{mj|rengdêr}} [[taybetkirî]]
* [[bi taybetî]]
* [[taybetî]]
* [[taybetmend]]
* [[taybetmendî]]
}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|طيبة|tr=ṭeybe<sup>t</sup>|w=[[başî]], [[qencî]], [[hêjayî]], [[jêhatî]]tî}} yan ji {{ji|arc|ku|ܛܝܒܘܬܐ|tr=tˁaybuθɑ}}, îbrî [[טובה]] (tobe, tove: baş). Bo guherîna maneya bide ber "[[xas]]" ku di [[kurdiya başûrî]] de maneya "baş" wergirtiye yan [[zor]] ku di soranî de wateya "gelek, pirr" wergirtiye. Herwiha dikare ji {{g|ar|طبيعة|tr=ṭebî'e<sup>t</sup>|w=[[sirişt]], [[xwerist]], [[tebîet]]}} ku herwiha serekaniya "[[tebîet]]" ya kurdî ye jî; ji {{g|ar|طبع|tr=ṭeb'|w=[[muhr]], [[teb']], [[çap]], [[dews]], [[şûn]], [[şop]]}}. Bi [[metatez]]ê "tebî'et > *te'îbet > taybet". Bo guherîna "e+[[eyn]]" bi "a" di kurdî de binêre: "[[aqil]], [[alif]], [[ala]]".
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|veçantë|cuda=i veçantë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|speziell}}, {{W-|de|Spezial-}}, {{W+|de|ungewöhnlich}}, {{W+|de|Sonder-}}, {{W+|de|besondere}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|xüsusi}}, {{W-|az|əlahiddə}}, {{W-|az|xas}}, {{W+|az|məxsus}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|berezi}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|асаблі́вы}}, {{W-|be|спецыя́льны}}, {{W-|be|вынятко́вы}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বিশেষ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|осо́бен}}, {{W+|bg|специа́лен}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ထူး}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|zvláštní}}, {{W+|cs|speciální}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|特別|cuda=特別的|tr=tèbié de}}, {{W+|cmn|特殊|tr=tèshū de|cuda=特殊的}}, {{W+|cmn|專門|cuda=專門的|tr=zhuānmén de}}
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|特別|tr=dak6 bit6}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|speciel}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|khusus}}, {{W+|id|istimewa}}, {{W+|id|khas}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|خَاصّ}}, {{W-|ar|خُصُوصِيّ}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|خاص|tr=ḵaṣṣ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|հատուկ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|speciala}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|eri-}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ویژه|tr=viže}}, {{W+|fa|خاص|tr=xâs}}, {{W+|fa|مخصوص|tr=maxsus}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|erikoinen}}, {{W+|fi|omalaatuinen}}, {{W-|fi|erikois-}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|spécial}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|sònraichte}}, {{W-|gd|àraidh}}, {{W-|gd|air leth}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|განსაკუთრებული}}, {{W-|ka|სპეციალური}}, {{W-|ka|საგანგებო}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|ख़ास}}, {{W+|hi|विशेष}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|speciaal}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מיוחד|n|tr=m'yukhád|cuda=מיוחד \ מְיֻחָד}}, {{W-|he|ייחודי|n|tr=yikhudí}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|specala}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|synderlīċ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|special}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|speisialta}}, {{W-|ga|ar leith}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|speciale}}, {{W+|it|specifico}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sérstakur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|特別|tr=とくべつな, tokubetsu na|cuda=特別な}}, {{W+|ja|特殊|tr=とくしゅな, tokushu na|cuda=特殊な}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|especial}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|атайын}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|특별하다}}, {{W+|ko|특수하다}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|sovins}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|eximius}}, {{W-|la|praecipuus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|īpašs}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ພິເສດ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|ypatingas}}, {{W-|lt|nepaprastas}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|посебен}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|istimewa}}, {{W-|ms|khas}}, {{W-|ms|khusus}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|motuhake}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|विशेष}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|különleges}}, {{W+|hu|speciális}}, {{W+|hu|rendkívüli}}, {{W+|hu|alkalmi}}, {{W+|hu|külön|cuda=külön-}}, {{W+|hu|szakmai}}, {{W-|hu|szak-}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|онцгой}}, {{W+|mn|тусгай}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|spéshelígíí}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|spesiell}}, {{W-|nb|spesial}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|spesiell}}, {{W-|nn|spesial}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|especial|n}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئالاھىدە}}, {{W-|ug|خاس}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|maxsus}}, {{W+|uz|alohida}}, {{W+|uz|xos}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|مخصوص|tr=maxsús}}, {{W+|ps|خاص|tr=xās}}, {{W+|ps|خصوصي|tr=xosusí}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|besonda}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|specjalny}}, {{W+|pl|wyjątkowy}}, {{W+|pl|osobliwy}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|especial}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|арнайы}}, {{W-|kk|арнаулы}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|special}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|осо́бый|n}}, {{W+|ru|осо́бенный|n}}, {{W+|ru|специа́льный|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|по́себан}}, {{W-|sh|спе̏ција̄лан}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|póseban}}, {{W+|sh|spȅcijālan}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|špeciálny}}, {{W-|sk|zvláštny}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|poseben|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|wósebny}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|especial}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|maalum}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|speciell}}, {{W+|sv|särskild}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|вижа}}, {{W+|tg|хос}}, {{W+|tg|махсус}}, {{W-|tg|алоҳида}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|พิเศษ}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|махсус}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|özel}}, {{W+|tr|has}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|aýratyn}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|خاص|tr=xās}}, {{W-|ur|مخصوص|tr=maxsūs}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|особли́вий}}, {{W+|uk|спеціа́льний}}, {{W-|uk|ви́їмковий}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đặc biệt}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|arbennig}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ពិសេស}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|ספּעציעל}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|έκτακτος|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|special|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75875997}}
laxx2cb7kt938vbtuon5taesm2e6osy
6237374
6237373
2026-06-10T21:30:45Z
Kawarizgar1
14836
/* Rengdêr */
6237374
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|t(h)aybet}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-taybet.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|taybet}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}, {{bilêv|t|req|1}}, {{bilêv|t|nerm|2}}
# [[xas]], [[awarte]], [[radî]], [[xusûsî]], [[arizî]], [[cuda]], [[ferq]], ne [[mîna]] yên din, ne [[wek]] yên dî, <br>tiştek wisan hebûn ku yên din nîne, <br>tiştek wisan tinebûn ku yên din heye
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) di civatên min û wî yên '''taybet''' de, tim digot (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Jan Dost/Mijabad}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Berpirsyar, serbaz û parêzgehên '''taybetê''' hemû şûnde bezîn derve (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Zeynelabidîn Zinar/Balafira Jînê}}}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[cihê]], [[têvel]], [[şexsî]], [[prîvat]], [[întîm]], [[taybetî]], [[ferdî]]}} [[kesane]]
#:Tu çima xwe taybet (kesane) dihêlî?
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[cuda]]
#: Ez dixwazim bi te ra taybet(cuda) biaxivim
#: Çi taybetîyên(cudahîyên) te hene ji ên din ku ez ji te ra deyn bidim lê ji kesên din ra nedim?
#: Paşê ez dê li ser pirsên te taybet(cuda) binivîsim
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[xweza]], [[xweristî]]
#: taybetîyên (xweristîyên) mirovan axaftin û raman in
#: xurek xwarin taybetîyeka (xweristîyeka) mirovan e
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[sereke]]
#: Min bi taybetî (bi serekeyî) ji te hez kir
#: Me bi taybetî (bi serekeyî) tu hildibijartî
#: Di nav pirtûkan de bi taybetî (serekeyî) ji ên zimanî hez dikir
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[yegane]]
#: Mem û Zîn di nav berhemên serdema navîn de taybet e.(yegane ye)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[rêz]], [[bend]]
#: Taybetîyên (bendên) gotaran çi ne?
#: Taybetîyên rêbazên te çi ne?
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[girîng]], [[giran]]
#: Tu li ber çavê min mirovekê taybet î (mirovekê giran î , girîng î)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Herwiha ====
* [[teybet]]
==== Dijmane ====
* [[adetî]]
* [[gelemper]]
* [[giştî]]
* [[normal]]
==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* {{mj|lêker}} [[taybet kirin]]
* {{mj|navdêr}} [[taybetkirin]]
* {{mj|rengdêr}} [[taybetkirî]]
* [[bi taybetî]]
* [[taybetî]]
* [[taybetmend]]
* [[taybetmendî]]
}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|طيبة|tr=ṭeybe<sup>t</sup>|w=[[başî]], [[qencî]], [[hêjayî]], [[jêhatî]]tî}} yan ji {{ji|arc|ku|ܛܝܒܘܬܐ|tr=tˁaybuθɑ}}, îbrî [[טובה]] (tobe, tove: baş). Bo guherîna maneya bide ber "[[xas]]" ku di [[kurdiya başûrî]] de maneya "baş" wergirtiye yan [[zor]] ku di soranî de wateya "gelek, pirr" wergirtiye. Herwiha dikare ji {{g|ar|طبيعة|tr=ṭebî'e<sup>t</sup>|w=[[sirişt]], [[xwerist]], [[tebîet]]}} ku herwiha serekaniya "[[tebîet]]" ya kurdî ye jî; ji {{g|ar|طبع|tr=ṭeb'|w=[[muhr]], [[teb']], [[çap]], [[dews]], [[şûn]], [[şop]]}}. Bi [[metatez]]ê "tebî'et > *te'îbet > taybet". Bo guherîna "e+[[eyn]]" bi "a" di kurdî de binêre: "[[aqil]], [[alif]], [[ala]]".
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|veçantë|cuda=i veçantë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|speziell}}, {{W-|de|Spezial-}}, {{W+|de|ungewöhnlich}}, {{W+|de|Sonder-}}, {{W+|de|besondere}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|xüsusi}}, {{W-|az|əlahiddə}}, {{W-|az|xas}}, {{W+|az|məxsus}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|berezi}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|асаблі́вы}}, {{W-|be|спецыя́льны}}, {{W-|be|вынятко́вы}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বিশেষ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|осо́бен}}, {{W+|bg|специа́лен}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ထူး}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|zvláštní}}, {{W+|cs|speciální}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|特別|cuda=特別的|tr=tèbié de}}, {{W+|cmn|特殊|tr=tèshū de|cuda=特殊的}}, {{W+|cmn|專門|cuda=專門的|tr=zhuānmén de}}
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|特別|tr=dak6 bit6}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|speciel}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|khusus}}, {{W+|id|istimewa}}, {{W+|id|khas}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|خَاصّ}}, {{W-|ar|خُصُوصِيّ}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|خاص|tr=ḵaṣṣ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|հատուկ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|speciala}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|eri-}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ویژه|tr=viže}}, {{W+|fa|خاص|tr=xâs}}, {{W+|fa|مخصوص|tr=maxsus}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|erikoinen}}, {{W+|fi|omalaatuinen}}, {{W-|fi|erikois-}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|spécial}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|sònraichte}}, {{W-|gd|àraidh}}, {{W-|gd|air leth}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|განსაკუთრებული}}, {{W-|ka|სპეციალური}}, {{W-|ka|საგანგებო}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|ख़ास}}, {{W+|hi|विशेष}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|speciaal}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מיוחד|n|tr=m'yukhád|cuda=מיוחד \ מְיֻחָד}}, {{W-|he|ייחודי|n|tr=yikhudí}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|specala}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|synderlīċ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|special}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|speisialta}}, {{W-|ga|ar leith}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|speciale}}, {{W+|it|specifico}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sérstakur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|特別|tr=とくべつな, tokubetsu na|cuda=特別な}}, {{W+|ja|特殊|tr=とくしゅな, tokushu na|cuda=特殊な}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|especial}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|атайын}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|특별하다}}, {{W+|ko|특수하다}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|sovins}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|eximius}}, {{W-|la|praecipuus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|īpašs}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ພິເສດ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|ypatingas}}, {{W-|lt|nepaprastas}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|посебен}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|istimewa}}, {{W-|ms|khas}}, {{W-|ms|khusus}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|motuhake}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|विशेष}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|különleges}}, {{W+|hu|speciális}}, {{W+|hu|rendkívüli}}, {{W+|hu|alkalmi}}, {{W+|hu|külön|cuda=külön-}}, {{W+|hu|szakmai}}, {{W-|hu|szak-}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|онцгой}}, {{W+|mn|тусгай}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|spéshelígíí}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|spesiell}}, {{W-|nb|spesial}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|spesiell}}, {{W-|nn|spesial}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|especial|n}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئالاھىدە}}, {{W-|ug|خاس}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|maxsus}}, {{W+|uz|alohida}}, {{W+|uz|xos}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|مخصوص|tr=maxsús}}, {{W+|ps|خاص|tr=xās}}, {{W+|ps|خصوصي|tr=xosusí}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|besonda}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|specjalny}}, {{W+|pl|wyjątkowy}}, {{W+|pl|osobliwy}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|especial}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|арнайы}}, {{W-|kk|арнаулы}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|special}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|осо́бый|n}}, {{W+|ru|осо́бенный|n}}, {{W+|ru|специа́льный|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|по́себан}}, {{W-|sh|спе̏ција̄лан}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|póseban}}, {{W+|sh|spȅcijālan}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|špeciálny}}, {{W-|sk|zvláštny}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|poseben|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|wósebny}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|especial}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|maalum}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|speciell}}, {{W+|sv|särskild}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|вижа}}, {{W+|tg|хос}}, {{W+|tg|махсус}}, {{W-|tg|алоҳида}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|พิเศษ}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|махсус}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|özel}}, {{W+|tr|has}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|aýratyn}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|خاص|tr=xās}}, {{W-|ur|مخصوص|tr=maxsūs}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|особли́вий}}, {{W+|uk|спеціа́льний}}, {{W-|uk|ви́їмковий}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đặc biệt}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|arbennig}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ពិសេស}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|ספּעציעל}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|έκτακτος|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|special|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75875997}}
fc6zwyz1tap7wz3a43z379h6qiy7ykj
6237376
6237374
2026-06-10T21:51:04Z
Kawarizgar1
14836
/* Rengdêr */
6237376
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|t(h)aybet}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-taybet.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|taybet}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}, {{bilêv|t|req|1}}, {{bilêv|t|nerm|2}}
# [[xas]], [[awarte]], [[radî]], [[xusûsî]], [[arizî]], [[cuda]], [[ferq]], ne [[mîna]] yên din, ne [[wek]] yên dî, <br>tiştek wisan hebûn ku yên din nîne, <br>tiştek wisan tinebûn ku yên din heye
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) di civatên min û wî yên '''taybet''' de, tim digot (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Jan Dost/Mijabad}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Berpirsyar, serbaz û parêzgehên '''taybetê''' hemû şûnde bezîn derve (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Zeynelabidîn Zinar/Balafira Jînê}}}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[cihê]], [[têvel]], [[şexsî]], [[prîvat]], [[întîm]], [[taybetî]], [[ferdî]]}} [[kesane]]
#:Tu çima xwe taybet (kesane) dihêlî?
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[cuda]]
#: Ez dixwazim bi te ra taybet(cuda) biaxivim
#: Çi taybetîyên(cudahîyên) te hene ji ên din ku ez ji te ra deyn bidim lê ji kesên din ra nedim?
#: Paşê ez dê li ser pirsên te taybet(cuda) binivîsim
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[xweza]], [[xweristî]]
#: taybetîyên (xweristîyên) mirovan axaftin û raman in
#: xurek xwarin taybetîyeka (xweristîyeka) mirovan e
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[başî]], [[behre]], [[behremendî]], [[jêhatî]]
#: Çi taybetîyên (başîyên, behreyên, jêhatîtîyên) te hene ku bikevî karê min?
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[sereke]]
#: Min bi taybetî (bi serekeyî) ji te hez kir
#: Me bi taybetî (bi serekeyî) tu hildibijartî
#: Di nav pirtûkan de bi taybetî (serekeyî) ji ên zimanî hez dikir
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[yegane]]
#: Mem û Zîn di nav berhemên serdema navîn de taybet e.(yegane ye)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[rêz]], [[bend]]
#: Taybetîyên (bendên) gotaran çi ne?
#: Taybetîyên rêbazên te çi ne?
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[girîng]], [[giran]]
#: Tu li ber çavê min mirovekê taybet î (mirovekê giran î , girîng î)
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Herwiha ====
* [[teybet]]
==== Dijmane ====
* [[adetî]]
* [[gelemper]]
* [[giştî]]
* [[normal]]
==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* {{mj|lêker}} [[taybet kirin]]
* {{mj|navdêr}} [[taybetkirin]]
* {{mj|rengdêr}} [[taybetkirî]]
* [[bi taybetî]]
* [[taybetî]]
* [[taybetmend]]
* [[taybetmendî]]
}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|طيبة|tr=ṭeybe<sup>t</sup>|w=[[başî]], [[qencî]], [[hêjayî]], [[jêhatî]]tî}} yan ji {{ji|arc|ku|ܛܝܒܘܬܐ|tr=tˁaybuθɑ}}, îbrî [[טובה]] (tobe, tove: baş). Bo guherîna maneya bide ber "[[xas]]" ku di [[kurdiya başûrî]] de maneya "baş" wergirtiye yan [[zor]] ku di soranî de wateya "gelek, pirr" wergirtiye. Herwiha dikare ji {{g|ar|طبيعة|tr=ṭebî'e<sup>t</sup>|w=[[sirişt]], [[xwerist]], [[tebîet]]}} ku herwiha serekaniya "[[tebîet]]" ya kurdî ye jî; ji {{g|ar|طبع|tr=ṭeb'|w=[[muhr]], [[teb']], [[çap]], [[dews]], [[şûn]], [[şop]]}}. Bi [[metatez]]ê "tebî'et > *te'îbet > taybet". Bo guherîna "e+[[eyn]]" bi "a" di kurdî de binêre: "[[aqil]], [[alif]], [[ala]]".
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|veçantë|cuda=i veçantë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|speziell}}, {{W-|de|Spezial-}}, {{W+|de|ungewöhnlich}}, {{W+|de|Sonder-}}, {{W+|de|besondere}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|xüsusi}}, {{W-|az|əlahiddə}}, {{W-|az|xas}}, {{W+|az|məxsus}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|berezi}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|асаблі́вы}}, {{W-|be|спецыя́льны}}, {{W-|be|вынятко́вы}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বিশেষ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|осо́бен}}, {{W+|bg|специа́лен}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ထူး}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|zvláštní}}, {{W+|cs|speciální}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|特別|cuda=特別的|tr=tèbié de}}, {{W+|cmn|特殊|tr=tèshū de|cuda=特殊的}}, {{W+|cmn|專門|cuda=專門的|tr=zhuānmén de}}
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|特別|tr=dak6 bit6}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|speciel}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|khusus}}, {{W+|id|istimewa}}, {{W+|id|khas}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|خَاصّ}}, {{W-|ar|خُصُوصِيّ}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|خاص|tr=ḵaṣṣ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|հատուկ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|speciala}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|eri-}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ویژه|tr=viže}}, {{W+|fa|خاص|tr=xâs}}, {{W+|fa|مخصوص|tr=maxsus}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|erikoinen}}, {{W+|fi|omalaatuinen}}, {{W-|fi|erikois-}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|spécial}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|sònraichte}}, {{W-|gd|àraidh}}, {{W-|gd|air leth}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|განსაკუთრებული}}, {{W-|ka|სპეციალური}}, {{W-|ka|საგანგებო}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|ख़ास}}, {{W+|hi|विशेष}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|speciaal}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מיוחד|n|tr=m'yukhád|cuda=מיוחד \ מְיֻחָד}}, {{W-|he|ייחודי|n|tr=yikhudí}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|specala}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|synderlīċ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|special}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|speisialta}}, {{W-|ga|ar leith}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|speciale}}, {{W+|it|specifico}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sérstakur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|特別|tr=とくべつな, tokubetsu na|cuda=特別な}}, {{W+|ja|特殊|tr=とくしゅな, tokushu na|cuda=特殊な}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|especial}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|атайын}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|특별하다}}, {{W+|ko|특수하다}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|sovins}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|eximius}}, {{W-|la|praecipuus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|īpašs}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ພິເສດ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|ypatingas}}, {{W-|lt|nepaprastas}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|посебен}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|istimewa}}, {{W-|ms|khas}}, {{W-|ms|khusus}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|motuhake}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|विशेष}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|különleges}}, {{W+|hu|speciális}}, {{W+|hu|rendkívüli}}, {{W+|hu|alkalmi}}, {{W+|hu|külön|cuda=külön-}}, {{W+|hu|szakmai}}, {{W-|hu|szak-}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|онцгой}}, {{W+|mn|тусгай}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|spéshelígíí}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|spesiell}}, {{W-|nb|spesial}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|spesiell}}, {{W-|nn|spesial}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|especial|n}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئالاھىدە}}, {{W-|ug|خاس}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|maxsus}}, {{W+|uz|alohida}}, {{W+|uz|xos}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|مخصوص|tr=maxsús}}, {{W+|ps|خاص|tr=xās}}, {{W+|ps|خصوصي|tr=xosusí}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|besonda}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|specjalny}}, {{W+|pl|wyjątkowy}}, {{W+|pl|osobliwy}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|especial}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|арнайы}}, {{W-|kk|арнаулы}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|special}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|осо́бый|n}}, {{W+|ru|осо́бенный|n}}, {{W+|ru|специа́льный|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|по́себан}}, {{W-|sh|спе̏ција̄лан}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|póseban}}, {{W+|sh|spȅcijālan}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|špeciálny}}, {{W-|sk|zvláštny}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|poseben|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|wósebny}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|especial}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|maalum}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|speciell}}, {{W+|sv|särskild}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|вижа}}, {{W+|tg|хос}}, {{W+|tg|махсус}}, {{W-|tg|алоҳида}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|พิเศษ}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|махсус}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|özel}}, {{W+|tr|has}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|aýratyn}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|خاص|tr=xās}}, {{W-|ur|مخصوص|tr=maxsūs}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|особли́вий}}, {{W+|uk|спеціа́льний}}, {{W-|uk|ви́їмковий}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đặc biệt}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|arbennig}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ពិសេស}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|ספּעציעל}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|έκτακτος|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|special|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75875997}}
8gwgyti67xj7xwfxf3uraysws88cep4
6237407
6237376
2026-06-11T09:18:17Z
Bikarhêner
3719
Yên din tev şaş bûn.
6237407
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA|t(h)aybet}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-taybet.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Rengdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-rd|taybet}}
{{rengdêr|ku}}, {{bilêv|t|req|1}}, {{bilêv|t|nerm|2}}
# [[xas]], [[awarte]], [[radî]], [[xusûsî]], [[arizî]], [[cuda]], [[ferq]], [[yegane]], ne [[mîna]] yên din, ne [[wek]] yên dî, <br>tiştek wisan hebûn ku yên din nîne, <br>tiştek wisan tinebûn ku yên din heye
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=(...) di civatên min û wî yên '''taybet''' de, tim digot (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Jan Dost/Mijabad}}}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Berpirsyar, serbaz û parêzgehên '''taybetê''' hemû şûnde bezîn derve (...)|{{Jêgirtin/Zeynelabidîn Zinar/Balafira Jînê}}}}
#: {{nm|ku|Mem û Zîn di nav berhemên serdema navîn de '''taybet''' e.|yegane ye|rêz=1}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[cihê]], [[têvel]], [[şexsî]], [[prîvat]], [[întîm]], [[taybetî]], [[ferdî]]}} [[kesane]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[girîng]]
#: {{nm|ku|Tu li ber çavê min mirovekê '''taybet''' î (mirovekê girîng î).}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Herwiha ====
* [[teybet]]
==== Dijmane ====
* [[adetî]]
* [[gelemper]]
* [[giştî]]
* [[normal]]
==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* {{mj|lêker}} [[taybet kirin]]
* {{mj|navdêr}} [[taybetkirin]]
* {{mj|rengdêr}} [[taybetkirî]]
* [[bi taybetî]]
* [[taybetî]]
* [[taybetmend]]
* [[taybetmendî]]
}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku|طيبة|tr=ṭeybe<sup>t</sup>|w=[[başî]], [[qencî]], [[hêjayî]], [[jêhatî]]tî}} yan ji {{ji|arc|ku|ܛܝܒܘܬܐ|tr=tˁaybuθɑ}}, îbrî [[טובה]] (tobe, tove: baş). Bo guherîna maneya bide ber "[[xas]]" ku di [[kurdiya başûrî]] de maneya "baş" wergirtiye yan [[zor]] ku di soranî de wateya "gelek, pirr" wergirtiye. Herwiha dikare ji {{g|ar|طبيعة|tr=ṭebî'e<sup>t</sup>|w=[[sirişt]], [[xwerist]], [[tebîet]]}} ku herwiha serekaniya "[[tebîet]]" ya kurdî ye jî; ji {{g|ar|طبع|tr=ṭeb'|w=[[muhr]], [[teb']], [[çap]], [[dews]], [[şûn]], [[şop]]}}. Bi [[metatez]]ê "tebî'et > *te'îbet > taybet". Bo guherîna "e+[[eyn]]" bi "a" di kurdî de binêre: "[[aqil]], [[alif]], [[ala]]".
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|veçantë|cuda=i veçantë}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|speziell}}, {{W-|de|Spezial-}}, {{W+|de|ungewöhnlich}}, {{W+|de|Sonder-}}, {{W+|de|besondere}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|xüsusi}}, {{W-|az|əlahiddə}}, {{W-|az|xas}}, {{W+|az|məxsus}}
* {{Z|eu}}: {{W-|eu|berezi}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W+|be|асаблі́вы}}, {{W-|be|спецыя́льны}}, {{W-|be|вынятко́вы}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|বিশেষ}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|осо́бен}}, {{W+|bg|специа́лен}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ထူး}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|zvláštní}}, {{W+|cs|speciální}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W+|cmn|特別|cuda=特別的|tr=tèbié de}}, {{W+|cmn|特殊|tr=tèshū de|cuda=特殊的}}, {{W+|cmn|專門|cuda=專門的|tr=zhuānmén de}}
*: {{Z|yue}}: {{W-|yue|特別|tr=dak6 bit6}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W-|da|speciel}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|khusus}}, {{W+|id|istimewa}}, {{W+|id|khas}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|خَاصّ}}, {{W-|ar|خُصُوصِيّ}}
*: {{Z|ary}}: {{W-|ary|خاص|tr=ḵaṣṣ}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|հատուկ}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W+|eo|speciala}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|eri-}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|ویژه|tr=viže}}, {{W+|fa|خاص|tr=xâs}}, {{W+|fa|مخصوص|tr=maxsus}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|erikoinen}}, {{W+|fi|omalaatuinen}}, {{W-|fi|erikois-}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|spécial}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|sònraichte}}, {{W-|gd|àraidh}}, {{W-|gd|air leth}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|განსაკუთრებული}}, {{W-|ka|სპეციალური}}, {{W-|ka|საგანგებო}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W-|hi|ख़ास}}, {{W+|hi|विशेष}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|speciaal}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|מיוחד|n|tr=m'yukhád|cuda=מיוחד \ מְיֻחָד}}, {{W-|he|ייחודי|n|tr=yikhudí}}
* {{Z|io}}: {{W+|io|specala}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|synderlīċ}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|special}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W+|ga|speisialta}}, {{W-|ga|ar leith}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|speciale}}, {{W+|it|specifico}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|sérstakur}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|特別|tr=とくべつな, tokubetsu na|cuda=特別な}}, {{W+|ja|特殊|tr=とくしゅな, tokushu na|cuda=特殊な}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|especial}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|атайын}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|특별하다}}, {{W+|ko|특수하다}}
* {{Z|ltg}}: {{W-|ltg|sovins}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|eximius}}, {{W-|la|praecipuus}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|īpašs}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ພິເສດ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|ypatingas}}, {{W-|lt|nepaprastas}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|посебен}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|istimewa}}, {{W-|ms|khas}}, {{W-|ms|khusus}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|motuhake}}
* {{Z|mr}}: {{W-|mr|विशेष}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|különleges}}, {{W+|hu|speciális}}, {{W+|hu|rendkívüli}}, {{W+|hu|alkalmi}}, {{W+|hu|külön|cuda=külön-}}, {{W+|hu|szakmai}}, {{W-|hu|szak-}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|онцгой}}, {{W+|mn|тусгай}}
* {{Z|nv}}: {{W-|nv|spéshelígíí}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|spesiell}}, {{W-|nb|spesial}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|spesiell}}, {{W-|nn|spesial}}
* {{Z|oc}}: {{W+|oc|especial|n}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ئالاھىدە}}, {{W-|ug|خاس}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|maxsus}}, {{W+|uz|alohida}}, {{W+|uz|xos}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W-|ps|مخصوص|tr=maxsús}}, {{W+|ps|خاص|tr=xās}}, {{W+|ps|خصوصي|tr=xosusí}}
* {{Z|pdt}}: {{W-|pdt|besonda}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|specjalny}}, {{W+|pl|wyjątkowy}}, {{W+|pl|osobliwy}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|especial}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|арнайы}}, {{W-|kk|арнаулы}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|special}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|осо́бый|n}}, {{W+|ru|осо́бенный|n}}, {{W+|ru|специа́льный|n}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|по́себан}}, {{W-|sh|спе̏ција̄лан}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|póseban}}, {{W+|sh|spȅcijālan}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|špeciálny}}, {{W-|sk|zvláštny}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W-|sl|poseben|n}}
* Sorbî:
*: {{Z|dsb}}: {{W-|dsb|wósebny}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|especial}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|maalum}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|speciell}}, {{W+|sv|särskild}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|вижа}}, {{W+|tg|хос}}, {{W+|tg|махсус}}, {{W-|tg|алоҳида}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|พิเศษ}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W-|tt|махсус}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|özel}}, {{W+|tr|has}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W+|tk|aýratyn}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|خاص|tr=xās}}, {{W-|ur|مخصوص|tr=maxsūs}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|особли́вий}}, {{W+|uk|спеціа́льний}}, {{W-|uk|ви́їмковий}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|đặc biệt}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W+|cy|arbennig}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W+|km|ពិសេស}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|ספּעציעל}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|έκτακτος|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|special|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75875997}}
46srcwh23k3fdhfrwwrtosy06aw17ry
hilhatin
0
8268
6237391
6124050
2026-06-11T05:53:38Z
Ghybu
1393
/* Lêker */
6237391
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|hilhatin|form=negerguhêz|niha=ê|borî=hat|pêşgir=hil}}
{{lêker|ku|c=p-ngh}}
# [[rabûn]], [[bilind]] bûn (bi taybetî [[roj]] anku [[hetav]])
#: {{mk|ku|Îro seet 6 û 43 deqe roj '''hilhat'''.}}
# [[derfet]]ên anku [[delîv]]ên [[baş]] bo [[peyda]] bûn
#: {{mk|ku|Roja kurdan jî dê '''hilê'''.}}
# [[demode]] bûn, [[êdî]] ne[[man]] [[mode]], [[demborî]] bûn, ji [[rojev]]ê [[derketin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# (''bi taybetî soranî "helhatin"'') [[revîn]], [[bazdan]], [[filitîn]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|هلهاتن}}
==== Herwiha ====
* [[helatin]]
* [[helhatin]]
* [[hilatin]]
==== Bide ber ====
* [[hildan]]
* [[hilketin]]
* [[hilkirin]]
==== Tewîn ====
''Lêker'':
* ['''hil-ê-''']
* [hil-hê-]
==== Jê ====
* [[hilhatî]]
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|hil-|hatin}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|aufgehen}} (Gestirn), {{W|de|hinaufgehen}}, {{W|de|hochgehen}}, {{W|de|erheben}}, {{W|de|sich erheben}}, {{W|de|Aufkommen}}, {{W|de|Aufgang}} {{n}}, {{W|de|aufkommen}}, {{W|de|aufgehen}}, {{W|de|hinaufgehen}}, {{W|de|hochgehen}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|فرار کردن}}, {{W|fa|طلوع کردن}}, {{W|fa|بلندشدن}}, {{W|fa|بردمیدن}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W|en|ascend}}, to {{W|en|rise}}, {{W|en|raise}}, {{W|en|lift up}}, {{W|en|upsurge|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|doğma}}, {{W|tr|ekşime}}, {{W|tr|ekşimek}}, {{W|tr|kabarış}}, {{W|tr|kabarma}}, {{W|tr|kabarmak}}, {{W|tr|yükselmek}}, {{W|tr|kükremek}}, {{W|tr|kalkış}}, {{W|tr|kalkmak}}, {{W|tr|çavmak}}, {{W|tr|doğuş}}, {{W|tr|matla}}, {{W|tr|tulü}}, {{W|tr|azmak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|taşmak|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hilhatin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{bêwate}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}
scw5fet67l0bivitws1gum0y25js80f
6237392
6237391
2026-06-11T05:54:14Z
Ghybu
1393
/* Lêker */
6237392
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|hilhatin|form=negerguhêz|niha=ê|borî=hat|pêşgir=hil}}
{{lêker|ku|c=p-ngh}}
# [[rabûn]], [[bilind]] bûn (bi taybetî [[roj]] anku [[hetav]])
#: {{mk|ku|Îro seet 6 û 43 deqe roj '''hilhat'''.}}
# [[derfet]]ên anku [[delîv]]ên [[baş]] bo [[peyda]] bûn
#: {{mk|ku|Roja kurdan jî dê '''hilê'''.}}
# [[demode]] bûn, [[êdî]] ne[[man]] [[mode]], [[demborî]] bûn, ji [[rojev]]ê [[derketin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# (''bi taybetî soranî "helhatin"'') [[revîn]], [[bazdan]], [[filitîn]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|هلهاتن}}
==== Herwiha ====
* [[helatin]]
* [[helhatin]]
* [[hilatin]]
==== Bide ber ====
* [[hildan]]
* [[hilketin]]
* [[hilkirin]]
==== Jê ====
* [[hilhatî]]
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{qertaf|ku|hil-|hatin}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|aufgehen}} (Gestirn), {{W|de|hinaufgehen}}, {{W|de|hochgehen}}, {{W|de|erheben}}, {{W|de|sich erheben}}, {{W|de|Aufkommen}}, {{W|de|Aufgang}} {{n}}, {{W|de|aufkommen}}, {{W|de|aufgehen}}, {{W|de|hinaufgehen}}, {{W|de|hochgehen}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|فرار کردن}}, {{W|fa|طلوع کردن}}, {{W|fa|بلندشدن}}, {{W|fa|بردمیدن}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W|en|ascend}}, to {{W|en|rise}}, {{W|en|raise}}, {{W|en|lift up}}, {{W|en|upsurge|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|doğma}}, {{W|tr|ekşime}}, {{W|tr|ekşimek}}, {{W|tr|kabarış}}, {{W|tr|kabarma}}, {{W|tr|kabarmak}}, {{W|tr|yükselmek}}, {{W|tr|kükremek}}, {{W|tr|kalkış}}, {{W|tr|kalkmak}}, {{W|tr|çavmak}}, {{W|tr|doğuş}}, {{W|tr|matla}}, {{W|tr|tulü}}, {{W|tr|azmak|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|taşmak|guman=erê}}
{{werger-bin}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|hilhatin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{bêwate}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}
rt0qcho4cpslfn0h10sn1ysc0hwhary
normal
0
8407
6237375
6124061
2026-06-10T21:45:04Z
Kawarizgar1
14836
/* Rengdêr */
6237375
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|ku}}
# [[asayî]], [[edetî]], [[adî]], [[ji rêzê]], [[hêvîkirî]], [[payî]], [[ji bendê]]<br>ne [[taybet]], ne [[xas]],<br> ne [[ecêb]], ne [[xerîb]], ne [[nedîtî]], ne [[seyr]], ne [[sosret]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# Navendî
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|normal bûn<pos:lêker>
|normal kirin<pos:lêker>
|normalbûn<pos:navdêr>
|normalkirin<pos:navdêr>
|normalbûyî<pos:rengdêr>
|normalkirî<pos:rengdêr>
|normalane
|normalî
|normalîtî
|normaltî
}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
{{ji?}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|geregelt}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|عادي|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|میانه}}, {{W+|fa|معمولی}}, {{W+|fa|عادی|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|regular}}, {{W+|en|usual}}, {{W+|en|normo-}}, {{W+|en|normal|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|düzgülü}}, {{W+|tr|olağan}}, {{W+|tr|normal}}, {{W+|tr|tabii}}
{{werger-bin}}
== {{ziman|de}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|de|/kɔnˈkʁeːt/}}, {{IPA|de|/kɔŋˈkʁeːt/}}
* {{deng|de|De-normal.ogg|Deng}}
* {{kîte|de|nor|mal}}
=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|de}}
# [[#normal|Normal]], [[asayî]]
== {{ziman|en}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-us-normal.ogg|Deng (Galler)}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-normal.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Grendelkhan-normal.wav|Deng|dever=Connecticut, DYA}}
=== Rengdêr ===
{{rengdêr|en}}
# [[normal#Kurdî|normal]], [[asayî]], [[edetî]], [[adî]],<br>ne [[taybet]], ne [[xas]],<br> ne [[ecêb]], ne [[xerîb]], ne [[nedîtî]], ne [[seyr]], ne [[sosret]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}
==== Hevmane ====
{{kol3|en
|average
|banal
|basic
|bog-standard
|common
|commonplace
|common-or-garden
|congruent
|consistent
|conventional
|customary
|everyday
|expected
|garden variety
|mundane
|natural
|normal
|ordinary
|plain
|regular
|routine
|run-of-the-mill
|standard
|true
|typical
|uniform
|unexceptional
|unremarkable
|unstrange
|usual
|vulgar
}}
==== Dijmane ====
{{kol3|en
|conspicuous
|different
|egregious
|exceptional
|historic
|interesting
|memorable
|notable
|noteworthy
|outstanding
|remarkable
|special
|strange
|unique
}}
== {{ziman|tr}} ==
=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|tr}}
# [[asayî]], li gori sêrê, [[adetî]], [[normal]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
# [[sehalî]]
#* {{bêmînak|tr}}
65tlvp0ogh0tfvx8z5ia7bmf2yocjs3
êşandin
0
8752
6237385
6124070
2026-06-11T05:43:51Z
Ghybu
1393
/* Lêker */
6237385
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|êşandin|form=gerguhêz|niha=êşîn|borî=êşand|di=di}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[azirandin]], [[êş]] [[gihandin]] tiştekê/î, bûn [[sedem]]a [[êş]]ê
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[xeyidandin]], [[qehirandin]], [[arandin]], [[aciz kirin]]}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ئێشاندن}}
==== Têkildar ====
* [[êşîn]]
==== Jê ====
* [[êşandî]]
* [[êşîner]]
* [[êşînerî]]
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|êş|-andin}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|verletzen}}, {{W|de|anstrengen}}, {{W|de|auf die Folter spannen}}, {{W|de|beleidigen}}, {{W|de|bestrafen}}, {{W|de|kränken}}, {{W|de|quälen}}, {{W|de|sich grämen}}, {{W|de|weh tun}}, {{W|de|wehtun}}, {{W|de|Schmerz zufügen}}, {{W|de|traktieren|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Schmerzen bereiten|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|luka}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|إذاء}}, {{W|ar|التوجیع}}, {{W|ar|الإیجاع}}, {{W|ar|الإیذاء|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|اللذع|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المثلة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المعرة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|أذاة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|به درد آوردن}}, {{W+|fa|درد کردن}}, {{W+|fa|اذیت کردن}}, {{W+|fa|آزار دادن}}, {{W+|fa|ناراحت کردن}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|satuttaa}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|blesser}}, {{W+|fr|offenser}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|pijndoen}}, {{W+|nl|kwetsen}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|hurt}}, to [[cause]] [[pain]], {{W+|en|agonize}}, {{W+|en|disserve}}, {{W+|en|urticate}}, {{W+|en|cause pain}}, {{W+|en|hurting|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|ill-treat|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|tormenting|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|traumatize|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|brutalize|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|damnify|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|excruciate|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|gripe|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|maltreatment|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|play the devil with|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|play the mischief with|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|shend|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|torturing|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|traumatization|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|traumatizing|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|twingeing|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|særa}}, {{W+|is|meiða}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|傷つける|tr=[[きずつける]], kizu-tsukeru}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|ferir}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W+|sco|ciùrr}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|lastimar}}, [[hacer]] [[daño]]
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|såra}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เจ็บ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|acıtmak}}, {{W+|tr|ağrıtmak}}, {{W+|tr|azap vermek}}, {{W+|tr|delmek}}, {{W+|tr|ıstırap vermek}}, {{W+|tr|incitilmek}}, {{W+|tr|incitme}}, {{W+|tr|incitmek}}, {{W+|tr|işkence}}, {{W+|tr|sızlatma}}, {{W+|tr|sızlatmak}}, {{W+|tr|tazip}}, {{W+|tr|yakmak}}, {{W+|tr|yaralamak}}, {{W+|tr|acıtma}}, {{W+|tr|ağrıtma}}
{{werger-bin}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|êşandin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{bêwate}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}
cel735y9et5scmfog1kr99llsolfuvu
6237386
6237385
2026-06-11T05:44:24Z
Ghybu
1393
/* Lêker */
6237386
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|êşandin|form=gerguhêz|niha=êşîn|borî=êşand|bi=bi|di=di}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[azirandin]], [[êş]] [[gihandin]] tiştekê/î, bûn [[sedem]]a [[êş]]ê
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# {{kontrol|rêz=erê|[[xeyidandin]], [[qehirandin]], [[arandin]], [[aciz kirin]]}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ئێشاندن}}
==== Têkildar ====
* [[êşîn]]
==== Jê ====
* [[êşandî]]
* [[êşîner]]
* [[êşînerî]]
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|êş|-andin}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|verletzen}}, {{W|de|anstrengen}}, {{W|de|auf die Folter spannen}}, {{W|de|beleidigen}}, {{W|de|bestrafen}}, {{W|de|kränken}}, {{W|de|quälen}}, {{W|de|sich grämen}}, {{W|de|weh tun}}, {{W|de|wehtun}}, {{W|de|Schmerz zufügen}}, {{W|de|traktieren|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|Schmerzen bereiten|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|id}}: {{W+|id|luka}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W|ar|إذاء}}, {{W|ar|التوجیع}}, {{W|ar|الإیجاع}}, {{W|ar|الإیذاء|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|اللذع|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المثلة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|المعرة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|أذاة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|به درد آوردن}}, {{W+|fa|درد کردن}}, {{W+|fa|اذیت کردن}}, {{W+|fa|آزار دادن}}, {{W+|fa|ناراحت کردن}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|satuttaa}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|blesser}}, {{W+|fr|offenser}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|pijndoen}}, {{W+|nl|kwetsen}}
* {{Z|en}}: to {{W+|en|hurt}}, to [[cause]] [[pain]], {{W+|en|agonize}}, {{W+|en|disserve}}, {{W+|en|urticate}}, {{W+|en|cause pain}}, {{W+|en|hurting|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|ill-treat|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|tormenting|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|traumatize|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|brutalize|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|damnify|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|excruciate|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|gripe|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|maltreatment|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|play the devil with|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|play the mischief with|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|shend|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|torturing|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|traumatization|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|traumatizing|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|twingeing|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W+|is|særa}}, {{W+|is|meiða}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W|ja|傷つける|tr=[[きずつける]], kizu-tsukeru}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|ferir}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W+|sco|ciùrr}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|lastimar}}, [[hacer]] [[daño]]
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|såra}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|เจ็บ}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|acıtmak}}, {{W+|tr|ağrıtmak}}, {{W+|tr|azap vermek}}, {{W+|tr|delmek}}, {{W+|tr|ıstırap vermek}}, {{W+|tr|incitilmek}}, {{W+|tr|incitme}}, {{W+|tr|incitmek}}, {{W+|tr|işkence}}, {{W+|tr|sızlatma}}, {{W+|tr|sızlatmak}}, {{W+|tr|tazip}}, {{W+|tr|yakmak}}, {{W+|tr|yaralamak}}, {{W+|tr|acıtma}}, {{W+|tr|ağrıtma}}
{{werger-bin}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|êşandin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{bêwate}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}
678z7v9z9ktxrgx2cwfqj49u2h7bd0d
elimandin
0
11658
6237388
5894948
2026-06-11T05:47:46Z
Ghybu
1393
/* Lêker */
6237388
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-elimandin.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|elimandin|form=gerguhêz|niha=elimîn|borî=elimand|bi=bi}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[fêr|fêr kirin]], [[hîn|hîn kirin]], [[perwerde|perwerde kirin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ئهلماندن}}
==== Tewîn ====
''Lêker'':
* -elimîn-
==== Herwiha ====
* [['elimandin]]
* [[elmandin]]
* [['elmandin]]
==== Têkildar ====
* [[elimîn]]
* [[mielim]]
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|ilm|-andin}}.
==== Jê ====
* [[elimandî]]
* [[elimîner]]
* [[elimînerî]]
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Anweisung|f}}, {{W|de|Belehrung|f}}, {{W|de|Großziehen}}, {{W|de|Unterricht|m}}, {{W|de|anlernen}}, {{W|de|anweisen}}, {{W|de|ausbilden}}, {{W|de|beibringen}}, {{W|de|dozieren}}, {{W|de|erziehen}}, {{W|de|großziehen}}, {{W|de|lehren}}, {{W|de|lernen}}, {{W|de|unterrichten}}, {{W|de|unterweisen}}, {{W|de|üben}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تعلیم دادن}}, {{W+|fa|عادت دادن}}, {{W+|fa|یاد دادن}}, {{W+|fa|پروریدن}}, {{W+|fa|آموزش دادن}}, {{W+|fa|یاد دادن}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|accustom}}, {{W+|en|education}}, {{W+|en|readjustment}}, {{W+|en|rehearse}}, {{W+|en|teach}}, {{W+|en|incalculation|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|be taught|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|alıştırma}}, {{W+|tr|alıştırmak}}, {{W+|tr|öğretme}}, {{W+|tr|öğretmek}}, {{W+|tr|öğretiş}}
{{werger-bin}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|elimandin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[fêr|fêrkirin]], [[hîn|hînkirin]], [[perwerde|perwerdekirin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}
hbtu0sf3zhppkdgc65s1port0sb87v1
6237390
6237388
2026-06-11T05:49:46Z
Ghybu
1393
/* Lêker */
6237390
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36368 (kur)-Dildadil-elimandin.wav|Deng|dever=Amed}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|elimandin|form=gerguhêz|niha=elimîn|borî=elimand|bi=bi}}
{{lêker|ku|c=x-gh}}
# [[fêr|fêr kirin]], [[hîn|hîn kirin]], [[perwerde|perwerde kirin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ئهلماندن}}
==== Herwiha ====
* [['elimandin]]
* [[elmandin]]
* [['elmandin]]
==== Têkildar ====
* [[elimîn]]
* [[mielim]]
==== Jê ====
* [[elimandî]]
* [[elimîner]]
* [[elimînerî]]
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{paş|ku|ilm|-andin}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Anweisung|f}}, {{W|de|Belehrung|f}}, {{W|de|Großziehen}}, {{W|de|Unterricht|m}}, {{W|de|anlernen}}, {{W|de|anweisen}}, {{W|de|ausbilden}}, {{W|de|beibringen}}, {{W|de|dozieren}}, {{W|de|erziehen}}, {{W|de|großziehen}}, {{W|de|lehren}}, {{W|de|lernen}}, {{W|de|unterrichten}}, {{W|de|unterweisen}}, {{W|de|üben}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|تعلیم دادن}}, {{W+|fa|عادت دادن}}, {{W+|fa|یاد دادن}}, {{W+|fa|پروریدن}}, {{W+|fa|آموزش دادن}}, {{W+|fa|یاد دادن}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|accustom}}, {{W+|en|education}}, {{W+|en|readjustment}}, {{W+|en|rehearse}}, {{W+|en|teach}}, {{W+|en|incalculation|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|be taught|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|alıştırma}}, {{W+|tr|alıştırmak}}, {{W+|tr|öğretme}}, {{W+|tr|öğretmek}}, {{W+|tr|öğretiş}}
{{werger-bin}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|elimandin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[fêr|fêrkirin]], [[hîn|hînkirin]], [[perwerde|perwerdekirin]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}
5xrb4dgve6kmf1cb6w4y7eyiza8qbr4
soz
0
16778
6237360
6098619
2026-06-10T18:18:42Z
Kawarizgar1
14836
/* Navdêr */
6237360
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{bnr-h|söz}}
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|soz}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|soz|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[belên|Belên]], [[sond]], [[piştrastî]].
#: {{nim|ku|'''Soz''' didim ku ez ê daxwaza te bi cih bînim.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Bavo, ma kanî '''soza''' te? Ne te got, em malê bar bikin bajêr, ez ê ji te re bisiklêtekê bikirim?|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}
# [[pêbawerî|Pêbawerî]].
#: {{nim|ku|Yarên vî zemanî bê'''soz''' in.}}
==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Ew meyperest meşha û mest cama di dest ferfûr-i bû<br />Mey ber kefê meşha sefê '''soza''' defê da qerqefê<br />Husna li dêm wesfan neşêm herçi dibêm jê dûr-i bû}}
==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|سۆز}}
==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|soz dan<pos:lêker>
|soz danîn<pos:lêker>
|sozdan<pos:navdêr>
|sozberdan<pos:navdêr>
|sozdanîn<pos:navdêr>
|sozdayî<pos:rengdêr>
|bêsoz
|bêsozî
|bêsozîtî
|bêsoztî
|bisoz
|bisozî
|bisozîtî
|bisoztî
|dilsoz
|dilsozî
|dilsozîtî
|dilsoztî
|sozdar
|sozdarî
|sozdarîtî
|sozdartî
|sozder
|sozderî
|sozderîtî
|sozdertî
|sozdêr
|sozdêrî
|sozdêrîtî
|sozdêrtî
|sozî
}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ota|ku|سوز|tr=söz}}, ji {{ji|trk-oat|ku|سوز|tr=söz}}, ji {{ji|trk-pro|ku|*söŕ}}. Hevreha {{hv|az|söz}}, {{hv|uz|so‘z}}, {{hv|kaa|sóz}}, {{hv|kk|сөз}}, {{hv|tt|сүз}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|premtim|n}}, {{W+|sq|zotim|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Versprechen|nt}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|söz}}, {{W-|az|vəd}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|вәғәҙә}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|абяца́нне|nt}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|অঙ্গীকার}}, {{W-|bn|প্রতিশ্রুতি}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|обеща́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ကတိ}}, {{W+|my|ခံဝန်ချက်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|slib|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|諾言|tr=nuòyán}}, {{W-|cmn|答應|tr=dāying}}, {{W+|cmn|許諾|tr=xǔnuò}}, {{W+|cmn|誓言|tr=shìyán}}, {{W+|cmn|承諾|tr=chéngnuò}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|løfte|nt}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|وَعْد|n}}, {{W-|ar|وَعْدَة|m}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|وعد|n|tr=waʕd}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|وَعَد|n|tr=waʕad}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|խոստում}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|promeso}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|lubadus}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|ŋugbedodo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|وعده|tr=va'deh}} {{W+|fa|قول|tr=qowl}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|eiti|nt}}, {{W-|fo|lyfti|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|lupaus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|vœu|n}}, {{W+|fr|promesse|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|gealltanas|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|დაპირება}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|वचन|n}}, {{W+|hi|शपथ|m}}, {{W+|hi|वादा|n}}, {{W+|hi|सौगन्द}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|panaad}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|belofte|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|הַבְטָחָה|m|tr=havtakhá}}, {{W+|he|נֶדֶר|n|tr=néder}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|ġehāt|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|promise}}, {{W+|en|vow}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|promissa}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|gealltanas|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|promessa|m}}, {{W+|it|giuramento|n}}, {{W+|it|voto|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|loforð|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|約束|tr=やくそく, yakusoku}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|убада}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|පොරොන්දුව}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W-|swb|wahadi}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|약속}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W-|co|prumessa|cuda=prumèssa|m}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|prōmissum|nt}}, {{W-|la|promissiō|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|solījums|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຄຳສັນຍາ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|pažadas|n}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Verspriechen|nt}}, {{W-|lb|Verspriechung|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|ветување|nt}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|janji}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|wegħda|m}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|gialdin}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|kupu taurangi}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|ígéret}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|амлалт}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|Verspriäken|nt}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|वचन}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|løfte|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|løfte|nt}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ۋەدە}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|vaʼda}}, {{W+|uz|soʻz}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|واده|m|tr=wāda}}, {{W-|ps|وعده|m|tr=wa'da}}, {{W+|ps|ژمنه|m|tr=žmᶕna}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|promëssa|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|obietnica|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|promessa|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|уәде}}, {{W-|kk|уағда}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|promisiune|m}}, {{W+|ro|legământ}}, {{W+|ro|făgăduială|m}}, {{W+|ro|făgăduință|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|обеща́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|प्रतिज्ञा|m}}, {{W+|sa|शपथ|n|m}}, {{W+|sa|वचन|nt}}, {{W+|sa|व्रत|nt}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|promissa|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|обећа́ње|nt}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|obećánje|nt}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|behecht}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|sľub|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|obljuba|m}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|wacad}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|ahadi}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|löfte|nt}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|ваъда}}, {{W-|tg|қавл}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|pangako}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|สัญญา}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|ఒట్టు}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|вәгъдә}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|söz}}, {{W+|tr|vaat}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|wada}}, {{W-|tk|söz}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|promis}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|وعدہ|tr=va'da}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|обіця́нка|m}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|inpromésa|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|lời hứa}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|prom}}
* {{Z|war}}: {{W-|war|sa-ad}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|addewid|n|m}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ពាក្យសន្យា}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|צוזאָג}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|υπόσχεση|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἐπαγγελία|m}}, {{W-|grc|ὑπόσχεσις|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|promise|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75881054}}
f835bp9juwpi459i8b1yspizt3z29ie
6237368
6237360
2026-06-10T20:31:26Z
Bikarhêner
3719
Guhartoya [[Special:Diff/6237360|6237360]] yê [[Special:Contributions/Kawarizgar1|Kawarizgar1]] ([[User talk:Kawarizgar1|gotûbêj]]) şûnde kir. Îrtîbata "piştrast/î"yê bi vê kelîmeyê dûr e.
6237368
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{bnr-h|söz}}
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{kîte|ku|soz}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|soz|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[belên|Belên]], [[sond]].
#: {{nim|ku|'''Soz''' didim ku ez ê daxwaza te bi cih bînim.}}
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Bavo, ma kanî '''soza''' te? Ne te got, em malê bar bikin bajêr, ez ê ji te re bisiklêtekê bikirim?|{{Jêgirtin/Firat Cewerî/Girtî}}}}
# [[pêbawerî|Pêbawerî]].
#: {{nim|ku|Yarên vî zemanî bê'''soz''' in.}}
==== Ji wêjeya klasîk ====
* {{jêder|ku|{{Jêgirtin/Melayê Cizîrî/Dîwana Melayê Cizirî}}|jêgirtin=Ew meyperest meşha û mest cama di dest ferfûr-i bû<br />Mey ber kefê meşha sefê '''soza''' defê da qerqefê<br />Husna li dêm wesfan neşêm herçi dibêm jê dûr-i bû}}
==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|سۆز}}
==== Jê ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Jê
|soz dan<pos:lêker>
|soz danîn<pos:lêker>
|sozdan<pos:navdêr>
|sozberdan<pos:navdêr>
|sozdanîn<pos:navdêr>
|sozdayî<pos:rengdêr>
|bêsoz
|bêsozî
|bêsozîtî
|bêsoztî
|bisoz
|bisozî
|bisozîtî
|bisoztî
|dilsoz
|dilsozî
|dilsozîtî
|dilsoztî
|sozdar
|sozdarî
|sozdarîtî
|sozdartî
|sozder
|sozderî
|sozderîtî
|sozdertî
|sozdêr
|sozdêrî
|sozdêrîtî
|sozdêrtî
|sozî
}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{deyn|ota|ku|سوز|tr=söz}}, ji {{ji|trk-oat|ku|سوز|tr=söz}}, ji {{ji|trk-pro|ku|*söŕ}}. Hevreha {{hv|az|söz}}, {{hv|uz|so‘z}}, {{hv|kaa|sóz}}, {{hv|kk|сөз}}, {{hv|tt|сүз}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|sq}}: {{W+|sq|premtim|n}}, {{W+|sq|zotim|n}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Versprechen|nt}}
* {{Z|ast}}: {{W-|ast|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|az}}: {{W+|az|söz}}, {{W-|az|vəd}}
* {{Z|ba}}: {{W-|ba|вәғәҙә}}
* {{Z|be}}: {{W-|be|абяца́нне|nt}}
* {{Z|bn}}: {{W+|bn|অঙ্গীকার}}, {{W-|bn|প্রতিশ্রুতি}}
* {{Z|br}}: {{W+|br|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|обеща́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|my}}: {{W+|my|ကတိ}}, {{W+|my|ခံဝန်ချက်}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|slib|n}}
* {{Z|zh}}:
*: {{Z|cmn}}: {{W-|cmn|諾言|tr=nuòyán}}, {{W-|cmn|答應|tr=dāying}}, {{W+|cmn|許諾|tr=xǔnuò}}, {{W+|cmn|誓言|tr=shìyán}}, {{W+|cmn|承諾|tr=chéngnuò}}
* {{Z|da}}: {{W+|da|løfte|nt}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|وَعْد|n}}, {{W-|ar|وَعْدَة|m}}
*: {{Z|arz}}: {{W-|arz|وعد|n|tr=waʕd}}
*: {{Z|acw}}: {{W-|acw|وَعَد|n|tr=waʕad}}
* {{Z|hy}}: {{W+|hy|խոստում}}
* {{Z|eo}}: {{W-|eo|promeso}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W-|et|lubadus}}
* {{Z|ee}}: {{W-|ee|ŋugbedodo}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|وعده|tr=va'deh}} {{W+|fa|قول|tr=qowl}}
* {{Z|fo}}: {{W-|fo|eiti|nt}}, {{W-|fo|lyfti|nt}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|lupaus}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|vœu|n}}, {{W+|fr|promesse|m}}
* {{Z|gd}}: {{W-|gd|gealltanas|n}}
* {{Z|gl}}: {{W+|gl|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|ka}}: {{W-|ka|დაპირება}}
* {{Z|hi}}: {{W+|hi|वचन|n}}, {{W+|hi|शपथ|m}}, {{W+|hi|वादा|n}}, {{W+|hi|सौगन्द}}
* {{Z|hil}}: {{W-|hil|panaad}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|belofte|m}}
* {{Z|he}}: {{W+|he|הַבְטָחָה|m|tr=havtakhá}}, {{W+|he|נֶדֶר|n|tr=néder}}
* {{Z|ang}}: {{W-|ang|ġehāt|nt}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|promise}}, {{W+|en|vow}}
* {{Z|ia}}: {{W-|ia|promissa}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W-|ga|gealltanas|n}}
* {{Z|it}}: {{W+|it|promessa|m}}, {{W+|it|giuramento|n}}, {{W+|it|voto|n}}
* {{Z|is}}: {{W-|is|loforð|nt}}
* {{Z|ja}}: {{W+|ja|約束|tr=やくそく, yakusoku}}
* {{Z|ca}}: {{W+|ca|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|ky}}: {{W+|ky|убада}}
* {{Z|si}}: {{W-|si|පොරොන්දුව}}
* {{Z|swb}}: {{W-|swb|wahadi}}
* {{Z|ko}}: {{W+|ko|약속}}
* {{Z|co}}: {{W-|co|prumessa|cuda=prumèssa|m}}
* {{Z|la}}: {{W-|la|prōmissum|nt}}, {{W-|la|promissiō|m}}
* {{Z|lv}}: {{W-|lv|solījums|n}}
* {{Z|lo}}: {{W-|lo|ຄຳສັນຍາ}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W-|lt|pažadas|n}}
* {{Z|lb}}: {{W-|lb|Verspriechen|nt}}, {{W-|lb|Verspriechung|m}}
* {{Z|mk}}: {{W-|mk|ветување|nt}}
* {{Z|ms}}: {{W+|ms|janji}}
* {{Z|mt}}: {{W-|mt|wegħda|m}}
* {{Z|gv}}: {{W-|gv|gialdin}}
* {{Z|mi}}: {{W-|mi|kupu taurangi}}
* {{Z|hu}}: {{W+|hu|ígéret}}
* {{Z|mn}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W+|mn|амлалт}}
* {{Z|nds}}: {{W-|nds|Verspriäken|nt}}
* {{Z|ne}}: {{W-|ne|वचन}}
* {{Z|no}}:
*: {{Z|nb}}: {{W+|nb|løfte|nt}}
*: {{Z|nn}}: {{W-|nn|løfte|nt}}
* {{Z|ug}}: {{W-|ug|ۋەدە}}
* {{Z|uz}}: {{W+|uz|vaʼda}}, {{W+|uz|soʻz}}
* {{Z|ps}}: {{W+|ps|واده|m|tr=wāda}}, {{W-|ps|وعده|m|tr=wa'da}}, {{W+|ps|ژمنه|m|tr=žmᶕna}}
* {{Z|pms}}: {{W-|pms|promëssa|m}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|obietnica|m}}
* {{Z|pt}}: {{W+|pt|promessa|m}}
* {{Z|kk}}: {{W-|kk|уәде}}, {{W-|kk|уағда}}
* {{Z|ro}}: {{W+|ro|promisiune|m}}, {{W+|ro|legământ}}, {{W+|ro|făgăduială|m}}, {{W+|ro|făgăduință|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|обеща́ние|nt}}
* {{Z|sa}}: {{W+|sa|प्रतिज्ञा|m}}, {{W+|sa|शपथ|n|m}}, {{W+|sa|वचन|nt}}, {{W+|sa|व्रत|nt}}
* {{Z|sc}}: {{W-|sc|promissa|m}}
* {{Z|sh}}:
*: Kirîlî: {{W-|sh|обећа́ње|nt}}
*: Latînî: {{W+|sh|obećánje|nt}}
* {{Z|sco}}: {{W-|sco|behecht}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|sľub|n}}
* {{Z|sl}}: {{W+|sl|obljuba|m}}
* {{Z|so}}: {{W-|so|wacad}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|promesa|m}}
* {{Z|sw}}: {{W+|sw|ahadi}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|löfte|nt}}
* {{Z|tg}}: {{W+|tg|ваъда}}, {{W-|tg|қавл}}
* {{Z|tl}}: {{W+|tl|pangako}}
* {{Z|th}}: {{W+|th|สัญญา}}
* {{Z|te}}: {{W+|te|ఒట్టు}}
* {{Z|tt}}: {{W+|tt|вәгъдә}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|söz}}, {{W+|tr|vaat}}
* {{Z|tk}}: {{W-|tk|wada}}, {{W-|tk|söz}}
* {{Z|tpi}}: {{W-|tpi|promis}}
* {{Z|ur}}: {{W-|ur|وعدہ|tr=va'da}}
* {{Z|uk}}: {{W-|uk|обіця́нка|m}}
* {{Z|vec}}: {{W-|vec|inpromésa|m}}
* {{Z|vi}}: {{W+|vi|lời hứa}}
* {{Z|vo}}: {{W+|vo|prom}}
* {{Z|war}}: {{W-|war|sa-ad}}
* {{Z|cy}}: {{W-|cy|addewid|n|m}}
* {{Z|km}}: {{W-|km|ពាក្យសន្យា}}
* {{Z|yi}}: {{W-|yi|צוזאָג}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|υπόσχεση|m}}
*: Kevn: {{W-|grc|ἐπαγγελία|m}}, {{W-|grc|ὑπόσχεσις|m}}
{{werger-bin}}
:{{werger çavkanî|en|promise|beş=Ev qismê Wergerê|oldid=75881054}}
8ph1fnj07lwy53vwe54e4fl99q80z9q
Wîkîferheng:ceribandin
4
23016
6237379
6237221
2026-06-11T03:34:53Z
Ghybu
1393
6237379
wikitext
text/x-wiki
: [[Modul:ku-tewandin/tablo/ceribandin]]
# [[Wîkîferheng:ceribandin#Gerguhêz|Gerguhêz]]
# [[Wîkîferheng:ceribandin#Negerguhêz|Negerguhêz]]
{{#invoke:ku-tewîn-nav|get_comma_separated_forms|heval|mê û nêr}}
{{#invoke:ku-tewandin|get_comma_separated_forms|niha=kev|borî=ket}}
=== çûn ===
{{ku-tewandin|çûn|form=negerguhêz|niha=ç|borî=çû}}
=== hatin ===
{{ku-tewandin|hatin|form=negerguhêz|niha=ê|borî=hat}}
s9pogn4r1ph9xomgtt2spzsnaohevb4
6237381
6237379
2026-06-11T03:36:35Z
Ghybu
1393
6237381
wikitext
text/x-wiki
: [[Modul:ku-tewandin/tablo/ceribandin]]
# [[Wîkîferheng:ceribandin#Gerguhêz|Gerguhêz]]
# [[Wîkîferheng:ceribandin#Negerguhêz|Negerguhêz]]
{{#invoke:ku-tewîn-nav|get_comma_separated_forms|heval|mê û nêr}}
{{#invoke:ku-tewandin|get_comma_separated_forms|niha=kev|borî=ket}}
=== çûn ===
{{ku-tewandin/ceribandin|çûn|form=negerguhêz|niha=ç|borî=çû}}
=== hatin ===
{{ku-tewandin/ceribandin|hatin|form=negerguhêz|niha=ê|borî=hat}}
qfuzwwl22t8z2lizgunajzd6a4504gu
rûdan
0
25801
6237355
6120955
2026-06-10T17:55:22Z
Kawarizgar1
14836
+nimûneya bikaranînê bi amûra « [[Mediawiki:Gadget-wikt.add-examples|Nimûne zêde bike]] » (v1.2).
6237355
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text/x-wiki
{{bnr-l|rû dan}}
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ruːˈdɑːn/}}
* {{kîte|ku|rû|dan}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rûdan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m|lk=rû dan}}
# [[bûyer|Bûyer]], [[qewam]], [[qewimîn]], [[gertev]], [[serpêhatî]], [[teşqele]], [[bûniş]], [[tifiqîn]], [[cirîn]].
#: {{mk|ku|Çîroka we kengî rûda}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[bela|Bela]], [[karesat]], [[bobelat]], [[miqeder]], [[qeza]], [[qeder]], [[gerûşe]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ڕوودان}}
==== Herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|rîdan
|rîdav
|rîdaw
|rûdav
|rûdaw
|rwîdan
|rwîdaw
}}
==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|rûdank}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|rû|dan}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ereignis|n}}, {{W+|de|Geschehnis}}, {{W+|de|Veranstaltung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|eintreten|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|събитие|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|událost|f}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|حادثة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الأقصوصة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|السماح|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|المسامحة|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|النوبة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الهوشة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الوقوع|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|نائبة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|روی دادن}}, {{W+|fa|پیشامد}}, {{W+|fa|حادثه}}, {{W+|fa|رخداد}}, {{W+|fa|رویداد}}, {{W+|fa|رویدادن}}, {{W+|fa|ماوقع}}, {{W+|fa|اتفاق}}, {{W+|fa|رخ دادن}}, {{W+|fa|ظهور}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tapahtuma}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|évènement|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|gebeurtenis}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|event}}, {{W+|en|occasion}}, {{W+|en|occurance}}, {{W+|en|happening}}, {{W+|en|doings}}, {{W+|en|occurrence}}, {{W+|en|occur}}, {{W+|en|pampering|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|petting|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|accident|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|occurence|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|įvykis|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wydarzenie|n}}, {{W+|pl|przypadek|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|событие|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|udalosť|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|evento|n}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|olay}}, {{W+|tr|cilve}}, {{W+|tr|gelişme}}, {{W+|tr|tekevvün}}, {{W+|tr|tezahür}}, {{W+|tr|vuku}}, {{W+|tr|hasıl olmak}}, {{W+|tr|vuku bulmak}}, {{W+|tr|şımartmak}}, {{W+|tr|yüz vermek}}, {{W+|tr|mekanizma}}, {{W+|tr|meydana gelmek|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|yüz yermek|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|γεγονός|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
g5gcrxe27jcjdb6lhhuglatrifuqh4s
6237356
6237355
2026-06-10T17:56:26Z
Kawarizgar1
14836
+nimûneya bikaranînê bi amûra « [[Mediawiki:Gadget-wikt.add-examples|Nimûne zêde bike]] » (v1.2).
6237356
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{bnr-l|rû dan}}
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ruːˈdɑːn/}}
* {{kîte|ku|rû|dan}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rûdan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m|lk=rû dan}}
# [[bûyer|Bûyer]], [[qewam]], [[qewimîn]], [[gertev]], [[serpêhatî]], [[teşqele]], [[bûniş]], [[tifiqîn]], [[cirîn]].
#: {{mk|ku|Çîroka we kengî rûda}}
#: {{mk|ku|Piştî nîvrojê baranê rûda}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[bela|Bela]], [[karesat]], [[bobelat]], [[miqeder]], [[qeza]], [[qeder]], [[gerûşe]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ڕوودان}}
==== Herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|rîdan
|rîdav
|rîdaw
|rûdav
|rûdaw
|rwîdan
|rwîdaw
}}
==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|rûdank}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|rû|dan}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ereignis|n}}, {{W+|de|Geschehnis}}, {{W+|de|Veranstaltung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|eintreten|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|събитие|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|událost|f}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|حادثة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الأقصوصة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|السماح|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|المسامحة|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|النوبة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الهوشة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الوقوع|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|نائبة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|روی دادن}}, {{W+|fa|پیشامد}}, {{W+|fa|حادثه}}, {{W+|fa|رخداد}}, {{W+|fa|رویداد}}, {{W+|fa|رویدادن}}, {{W+|fa|ماوقع}}, {{W+|fa|اتفاق}}, {{W+|fa|رخ دادن}}, {{W+|fa|ظهور}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tapahtuma}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|évènement|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|gebeurtenis}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|event}}, {{W+|en|occasion}}, {{W+|en|occurance}}, {{W+|en|happening}}, {{W+|en|doings}}, {{W+|en|occurrence}}, {{W+|en|occur}}, {{W+|en|pampering|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|petting|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|accident|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|occurence|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|įvykis|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wydarzenie|n}}, {{W+|pl|przypadek|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|событие|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|udalosť|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|evento|n}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|olay}}, {{W+|tr|cilve}}, {{W+|tr|gelişme}}, {{W+|tr|tekevvün}}, {{W+|tr|tezahür}}, {{W+|tr|vuku}}, {{W+|tr|hasıl olmak}}, {{W+|tr|vuku bulmak}}, {{W+|tr|şımartmak}}, {{W+|tr|yüz vermek}}, {{W+|tr|mekanizma}}, {{W+|tr|meydana gelmek|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|yüz yermek|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|γεγονός|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
9rryt97fsq1drtoacv4i4df700dqk1f
6237357
6237356
2026-06-10T17:57:53Z
Kawarizgar1
14836
+nimûneya bikaranînê bi amûra « [[Mediawiki:Gadget-wikt.add-examples|Nimûne zêde bike]] » (v1.2).
6237357
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{bnr-l|rû dan}}
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ruːˈdɑːn/}}
* {{kîte|ku|rû|dan}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rûdan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m|lk=rû dan}}
# [[bûyer|Bûyer]], [[qewam]], [[qewimîn]], [[gertev]], [[serpêhatî]], [[teşqele]], [[bûniş]], [[tifiqîn]], [[cirîn]].
#: {{mk|ku|Çîroka we kengî rûda}}
#: {{mk|ku|Piştî nîvrojê baranê rûda}}
#: {{mk|ku|Evîn bi hêvîyan rûdidin}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[bela|Bela]], [[karesat]], [[bobelat]], [[miqeder]], [[qeza]], [[qeder]], [[gerûşe]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ڕوودان}}
==== Herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|rîdan
|rîdav
|rîdaw
|rûdav
|rûdaw
|rwîdan
|rwîdaw
}}
==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|rûdank}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|rû|dan}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ereignis|n}}, {{W+|de|Geschehnis}}, {{W+|de|Veranstaltung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|eintreten|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|събитие|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|událost|f}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|حادثة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الأقصوصة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|السماح|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|المسامحة|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|النوبة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الهوشة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الوقوع|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|نائبة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|روی دادن}}, {{W+|fa|پیشامد}}, {{W+|fa|حادثه}}, {{W+|fa|رخداد}}, {{W+|fa|رویداد}}, {{W+|fa|رویدادن}}, {{W+|fa|ماوقع}}, {{W+|fa|اتفاق}}, {{W+|fa|رخ دادن}}, {{W+|fa|ظهور}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tapahtuma}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|évènement|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|gebeurtenis}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|event}}, {{W+|en|occasion}}, {{W+|en|occurance}}, {{W+|en|happening}}, {{W+|en|doings}}, {{W+|en|occurrence}}, {{W+|en|occur}}, {{W+|en|pampering|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|petting|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|accident|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|occurence|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|įvykis|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wydarzenie|n}}, {{W+|pl|przypadek|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|событие|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|udalosť|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|evento|n}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|olay}}, {{W+|tr|cilve}}, {{W+|tr|gelişme}}, {{W+|tr|tekevvün}}, {{W+|tr|tezahür}}, {{W+|tr|vuku}}, {{W+|tr|hasıl olmak}}, {{W+|tr|vuku bulmak}}, {{W+|tr|şımartmak}}, {{W+|tr|yüz vermek}}, {{W+|tr|mekanizma}}, {{W+|tr|meydana gelmek|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|yüz yermek|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|γεγονός|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
exxju341jba92fpqavuvrdvtbrq5m2a
6237358
6237357
2026-06-10T17:58:57Z
Kawarizgar1
14836
+nimûneya bikaranînê bi amûra « [[Mediawiki:Gadget-wikt.add-examples|Nimûne zêde bike]] » (v1.2).
6237358
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{bnr-l|rû dan}}
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ruːˈdɑːn/}}
* {{kîte|ku|rû|dan}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rûdan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m|lk=rû dan}}
# [[bûyer|Bûyer]], [[qewam]], [[qewimîn]], [[gertev]], [[serpêhatî]], [[teşqele]], [[bûniş]], [[tifiqîn]], [[cirîn]].
#: {{mk|ku|Çîroka we kengî rûda}}
#: {{mk|ku|Piştî nîvrojê baranê rûda}}
#: {{mk|ku|Evîn bi hêvîyan rûdidin}}
#: {{mk|ku|Li pey gotina pêşîyan rewşê berîya deh salan rûdaye}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[bela|Bela]], [[karesat]], [[bobelat]], [[miqeder]], [[qeza]], [[qeder]], [[gerûşe]].
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ڕوودان}}
==== Herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|rîdan
|rîdav
|rîdaw
|rûdav
|rûdaw
|rwîdan
|rwîdaw
}}
==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|rûdank}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|rû|dan}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ereignis|n}}, {{W+|de|Geschehnis}}, {{W+|de|Veranstaltung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|eintreten|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|събитие|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|událost|f}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|حادثة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الأقصوصة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|السماح|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|المسامحة|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|النوبة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الهوشة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الوقوع|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|نائبة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|روی دادن}}, {{W+|fa|پیشامد}}, {{W+|fa|حادثه}}, {{W+|fa|رخداد}}, {{W+|fa|رویداد}}, {{W+|fa|رویدادن}}, {{W+|fa|ماوقع}}, {{W+|fa|اتفاق}}, {{W+|fa|رخ دادن}}, {{W+|fa|ظهور}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tapahtuma}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|évènement|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|gebeurtenis}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|event}}, {{W+|en|occasion}}, {{W+|en|occurance}}, {{W+|en|happening}}, {{W+|en|doings}}, {{W+|en|occurrence}}, {{W+|en|occur}}, {{W+|en|pampering|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|petting|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|accident|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|occurence|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|įvykis|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wydarzenie|n}}, {{W+|pl|przypadek|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|событие|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|udalosť|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|evento|n}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|olay}}, {{W+|tr|cilve}}, {{W+|tr|gelişme}}, {{W+|tr|tekevvün}}, {{W+|tr|tezahür}}, {{W+|tr|vuku}}, {{W+|tr|hasıl olmak}}, {{W+|tr|vuku bulmak}}, {{W+|tr|şımartmak}}, {{W+|tr|yüz vermek}}, {{W+|tr|mekanizma}}, {{W+|tr|meydana gelmek|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|yüz yermek|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|γεγονός|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
s34c0mhdwosiphye19v9mt52dl4cpjj
6237359
6237358
2026-06-10T17:59:31Z
Kawarizgar1
14836
+nimûneya bikaranînê bi amûra « [[Mediawiki:Gadget-wikt.add-examples|Nimûne zêde bike]] » (v1.2).
6237359
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{bnr-l|rû dan}}
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{IPA|ku|/ruːˈdɑːn/}}
* {{kîte|ku|rû|dan}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|rûdan|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m|lk=rû dan}}
# [[bûyer|Bûyer]], [[qewam]], [[qewimîn]], [[gertev]], [[serpêhatî]], [[teşqele]], [[bûniş]], [[tifiqîn]], [[cirîn]].
#: {{mk|ku|Çîroka we kengî rûda}}
#: {{mk|ku|Piştî nîvrojê baranê rûda}}
#: {{mk|ku|Evîn bi hêvîyan rûdidin}}
#: {{mk|ku|Li pey gotina pêşîyan rewşê berîya deh salan rûdaye}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[bela|Bela]], [[karesat]], [[bobelat]], [[miqeder]], [[qeza]], [[qeder]], [[gerûşe]].
#: {{mk|ku|'''Rûdana''' teqînê kengî bû?}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Bi alfabeyên din ====
* {{ku-ar|ڕوودان}}
==== Herwiha ====
{{kol3|ku|cure=Herwiha
|rîdan
|rîdav
|rîdaw
|rûdav
|rûdaw
|rwîdan
|rwîdaw
}}
==== Bide ber ====
* {{g|ku|rûdank}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|rû|dan}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W+|de|Ereignis|n}}, {{W+|de|Geschehnis}}, {{W+|de|Veranstaltung|f|guman=erê}}, {{W+|de|eintreten|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|bg}}: {{W+|bg|събитие|n}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W+|cs|událost|f}}
* {{Z|ar}}: {{W-|ar|حادثة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الأقصوصة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|السماح|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|المسامحة|guman=erê}}, {{W+|ar|النوبة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الهوشة|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|الوقوع|guman=erê}}, {{W-|ar|نائبة|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|روی دادن}}, {{W+|fa|پیشامد}}, {{W+|fa|حادثه}}, {{W+|fa|رخداد}}, {{W+|fa|رویداد}}, {{W+|fa|رویدادن}}, {{W+|fa|ماوقع}}, {{W+|fa|اتفاق}}, {{W+|fa|رخ دادن}}, {{W+|fa|ظهور}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|tapahtuma}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|évènement|m}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W+|nl|gebeurtenis}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|event}}, {{W+|en|occasion}}, {{W+|en|occurance}}, {{W+|en|happening}}, {{W+|en|doings}}, {{W+|en|occurrence}}, {{W+|en|occur}}, {{W+|en|pampering|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|petting|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|accident|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|occurence|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|lt}}: {{W+|lt|įvykis|n}}
* {{Z|pl}}: {{W+|pl|wydarzenie|n}}, {{W+|pl|przypadek|m}}
* {{Z|ru}}: {{W+|ru|событие|n}}
* {{Z|sk}}: {{W-|sk|udalosť|f}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W+|es|evento|n}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|olay}}, {{W+|tr|cilve}}, {{W+|tr|gelişme}}, {{W+|tr|tekevvün}}, {{W+|tr|tezahür}}, {{W+|tr|vuku}}, {{W+|tr|hasıl olmak}}, {{W+|tr|vuku bulmak}}, {{W+|tr|şımartmak}}, {{W+|tr|yüz vermek}}, {{W+|tr|mekanizma}}, {{W+|tr|meydana gelmek|guman=erê}}, {{W-|tr|yüz yermek|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W+|el|γεγονός|n}}
{{werger-bin}}
mc5hkr39andb9l618jxcejq9g76aeuc
watch
0
29492
6237369
6082621
2026-06-10T20:34:36Z
Ghybu
1393
6237369
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|en}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|en-gb-watch.ogg|dever=QY}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-watch.wav|Deng|dever=London, QY}}
* {{deng|en|en-us-watch.ogg|dever=DYA}}
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-watch.wav|Deng|dever=Teksas, DYA}}
=== Lêker ===
{{en-lêker}}
# [[nerîn]], [[temaşe]] kirin, [[mêzîn]], [[berê xwe danê]], [[seh|seh kirin]], [[fekirin]], [[hêv|hêv kirin]], [[mêze|mêze kirin]], [[mêzandin]], [[darî kirin]], [[çav lê gerandin]]
#* {{bêmînak|en}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{en-navdêr}}
# [[demjimêrk]], [[seet]] <br>(bi taybetî yên [[zend]]an)
#* {{bêmînak|en}}
kr0e4h5q3ahwjr4ju1saf2drzikilve
herçi
0
32679
6237404
5904387
2026-06-11T08:57:19Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
6237404
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-herçi.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[herçend]], [[tevî ku]], [[çawa]] be jî, [[herhal]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[kîj]]an [[kes]] yan [[tişt]] be jî
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# (di avakirina '''herçî X e''' de) ji aliyê '''X''' ve; derbarê '''X''' de; '''as for''', '''with regard to'''.
#: ''Lê belê, '''herçî''' edebiyata kurdî ya nûjen e, ji ber perçebûna welêt, 1923, riyên zaravayên kurmancî û soranî ji hevûdu vediqetin.''<ref>W. M. Thackston, ''Kurmanji Kurdish: A Reference Grammar with Selected Readings'', p. 183 (reading selection), reproduced at Yumpu.</ref>
```
==== Herwiha ====
* [[her çi]]
* [[her çî]]
* [[herçî]]
==== Hevmane ====
*[[tevî]]
==== Bide ber ====
* [[gerçi]]
* [[heçî]]
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|her|çi}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|jede}}, {{W|de|ohnehin}}, {{W|de|was auch immer}}, {{W|de|wer auch immer}}, {{W|de|irgendein|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|irgend|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|jegliche|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|irgend jemand|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|بهراندازه}}, {{W|fa|هر چه}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|tr|whatever}}, {{W|en|however}}, {{W|en|whatsoever|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|although}}, (3) {{W+|en|as for}}, {{W+|en|regarding}}, {{W+|en|with regard to}}, {{W+|en|when it comes to}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|her ne}}
{{werger-bin}}
pwxvln7ow21g3rqrn30lkn6ltlzuebu
6237405
6237404
2026-06-11T08:57:53Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
/* Hoker */
6237405
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-herçi.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[herçend]], [[tevî ku]], [[çawa]] be jî, [[herhal]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[kîj]]an [[kes]] yan [[tişt]] be jî
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# (di avakirina '''herçî X e''' de) ji aliyê '''X''' ve; derbarê '''X''' de
#: ''Lê belê, '''herçî''' edebiyata kurdî ya nûjen e, ji ber perçebûna welêt, 1923, riyên zaravayên kurmancî û soranî ji hevûdu vediqetin.''<ref>W. M. Thackston, ''Kurmanji Kurdish: A Reference Grammar with Selected Readings'', p. 183 (reading selection), reproduced at Yumpu.</ref>
```
==== Herwiha ====
* [[her çi]]
* [[her çî]]
* [[herçî]]
==== Hevmane ====
*[[tevî]]
==== Bide ber ====
* [[gerçi]]
* [[heçî]]
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|her|çi}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|jede}}, {{W|de|ohnehin}}, {{W|de|was auch immer}}, {{W|de|wer auch immer}}, {{W|de|irgendein|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|irgend|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|jegliche|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|irgend jemand|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|بهراندازه}}, {{W|fa|هر چه}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|tr|whatever}}, {{W|en|however}}, {{W|en|whatsoever|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|although}}, (3) {{W+|en|as for}}, {{W+|en|regarding}}, {{W+|en|with regard to}}, {{W+|en|when it comes to}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|her ne}}
{{werger-bin}}
ogo9bh8h8ckwqho6jsm1bvgdhd40f9q
6237406
6237405
2026-06-11T09:00:23Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
6237406
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{deng|ku|LL-Q36163 (kmr)-Key Mîrza-herçi.wav|Deng|Bidlîs}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Hoker ===
{{hoker|ku}}
# [[herçend]], [[tevî ku]], [[çawa]] be jî, [[herhal]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[kîj]]an [[kes]] yan [[tişt]] be jî
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
```
==== Herwiha ====
* [[her çi]]
* [[her çî]]
* [[herçî]]
==== Hevmane ====
*[[tevî]]
==== Bide ber ====
* [[gerçi]]
* [[heçî]]
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{pêk|ku|her|çi}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|jede}}, {{W|de|ohnehin}}, {{W|de|was auch immer}}, {{W|de|wer auch immer}}, {{W|de|irgendein|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|irgend|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|jegliche|guman=erê}}, {{W|de|irgend jemand|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W|fa|بهراندازه}}, {{W|fa|هر چه}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|tr|whatever}}, {{W|en|however}}, {{W|en|whatsoever|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|although}}, (3) {{W+|en|as for}}, {{W+|en|regarding}}, {{W+|en|with regard to}}, {{W+|en|when it comes to}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W|tr|her ne}}
{{werger-bin}}
=== Girêdek ===
# (di avakirina '''herçî X e''' de) ji aliyê '''X''' ve; derbarê '''X''' de
#: ''Lê belê, '''herçî''' edebiyata kurdî ya nûjen e, ji ber perçebûna welêt, 1923, riyên zaravayên kurmancî û soranî ji hevûdu vediqetin.''<ref>W. M. Thackston, ''Kurmanji Kurdish: A Reference Grammar with Selected Readings'', p. 183 (reading selection), reproduced at Yumpu.</ref>
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|as for}}, {{W+|en|regarding}}, {{W+|en|with regard to}}, {{W+|en|when it comes to}}
{{werger-bin}}
iyiwvcwdudeo3hz0ghozlotadcqnsjn
îstixbarat
0
39922
6237378
6134441
2026-06-11T03:33:43Z
Kawarizgar1
14836
/* Navdêr */
6237378
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|îstixbarat|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[sîxurî]], [[casûsî]], [[razkarî]], [[mixabirat]], [[agihandin]] <br>[[peyda]]kirina [[agahî|agahiyên]] [[nehînî]] ji [[dijmin]]an
#: Tu di agihandinê de peywirdar î?
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# kes û [[dezgeh]]ên ku wî karî dikin
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Herwiha ====
* [[istixbarat]]
* [[istîxbarat]]
* [[îstîxbarat]]
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{ji|ar|ku}}
==== Jê ====
* [[îstixbaratî]]
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Intelligenz}} {{m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W|en|intelligence}}
{{werger-bin}}
oj5nckocp64zp7syr37r1wjzpopu3e2
hêvên
0
45500
6237394
5683698
2026-06-11T08:12:46Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
6237394
wikitext
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== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Navdêr 1 === {{navdêr|ku|m}}
# [[hêman]], [[parçe]] an [[pêkhateyên]] ku tiştek ji wan pêk tê; [[avahî]] an [[pêkhatina]] tiştek.
#: ''Bêguman jêderên min bo vê nivîsarê bikaranîne ne '''hevên''' li jor tenê ne. Hemî berhemên zimanzanên dinê Kurd û kurdologên din min temaşa kirin, lê min ne xwest vî karî bi nivîsîna wan girantir bikim.''<ref>''Academy: A Periodical Published by Kurdistan Academy'', Erbil, 2007, Govarî Ekadîmî 5, r. 247.</ref>
#: ''Çimkî ew bi '''hevênê''' me dizane, / Ew bi bîr tîne ku em ji axê ne.''<ref>''Zebûr'' 103:14, Wergera Kurmancî (SKUR). https://media.ipsapps.org/kmr/osa/skur-test/#/text</ref>
=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=-}}
# {{guharto|ku|havên}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}
asen4dlz8egtd4in8kgm7ye6wsju9tx
6237395
6237394
2026-06-11T08:13:09Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
6237395
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|m}}
# [[hêman]], [[parçe]] an [[pêkhateyên]] ku tiştek ji wan pêk tê; [[avahî]] an [[pêkhatina]] tiştek.
#: ''Bêguman jêderên min bo vê nivîsarê bikaranîne ne '''hevên''' li jor tenê ne. Hemî berhemên zimanzanên dinê Kurd û kurdologên din min temaşa kirin, lê min ne xwest vî karî bi nivîsîna wan girantir bikim.''<ref>''Academy: A Periodical Published by Kurdistan Academy'', Erbil, 2007, Govarî Ekadîmî 5, r. 247.</ref>
#: ''Çimkî ew bi '''hevênê''' me dizane, / Ew bi bîr tîne ku em ji axê ne.''<ref>''Zebûr'' 103:14, Wergera Kurmancî (SKUR). https://media.ipsapps.org/kmr/osa/skur-test/#/text</ref>
=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=-}}
# {{guharto|ku|havên}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}
4olyhr9v0giyk4xsbd124tuax8uqbrz
6237396
6237395
2026-06-11T08:14:07Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
6237396
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|n}}
# [[hêman]], [[parçe]] an [[pêkhateyên]] ku tiştek ji wan pêk tê; [[avahî]] an [[pêkhatina]] tiştek.
#: ''Bêguman jêderên min bo vê nivîsarê bikaranîne ne '''hevên''' li jor tenê ne. Hemî berhemên zimanzanên dinê Kurd û kurdologên din min temaşa kirin, lê min ne xwest vî karî bi nivîsîna wan girantir bikim.''<ref>''Academy: A Periodical Published by Kurdistan Academy'', Erbil, 2007, Govarî Ekadîmî 5, r. 247.</ref>
#: ''Çimkî ew bi '''hevênê''' me dizane, / Ew bi bîr tîne ku em ji axê ne.''<ref>''Zebûr'' 103:14, Wergera Kurmancî (SKUR). https://media.ipsapps.org/kmr/osa/skur-test/#/text</ref>
=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=-}}
# {{guharto|ku|havên}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}
eue02uz5x6kx2ux9agqkrang5utkv4y
6237397
6237396
2026-06-11T08:16:09Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
/* Navdêr 1 */
6237397
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[hêman]], [[parçe]] an [[pêkhateyên]] ku tiştek ji wan pêk tê; [[avahî]] an [[pêkhatina]] tiştek.
#: ''Bêguman jêderên min bo vê nivîsarê bikaranîne ne '''hevên''' li jor tenê ne. Hemî berhemên zimanzanên dinê Kurd û kurdologên din min temaşa kirin, lê min ne xwest vî karî bi nivîsîna wan girantir bikim.''<ref>''Academy: A Periodical Published by Kurdistan Academy'', Erbil, 2007, Govarî Ekadîmî 5, r. 247.</ref>
#: ''Çimkî ew bi '''hevênê''' me dizane, / Ew bi bîr tîne ku em ji axê ne.''<ref>''Zebûr'' 103:14, Wergera Kurmancî (SKUR). https://media.ipsapps.org/kmr/osa/skur-test/#/text</ref>
=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=-}}
# {{guharto|ku|havên}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}
c3dp4nq58xlz4algpd8v9zmq77rmoie
6237398
6237397
2026-06-11T08:17:19Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
/* Navdêr 1 */
6237398
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[hêman]], [[parçe]] an [[pêkhateyên]] ku tiştek ji wan pêk tê; [[avahî]] an [[pêkhatina]] tiştek.
#: ''Bêguman jêderên min bo vê nivîsarê bikaranîne ne '''hevên''' li jor tenê ne. Hemî berhemên zimanzanên dinê Kurd û kurdologên din min temaşa kirin, lê min ne xwest vî karî bi nivîsîna wan girantir bikim.''<ref>''Academy: A Periodical Published by Kurdistan Academy'', Erbil, 2007, Govarî Ekadîmî 5, r. 247.chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://govkrd.b-cdn.net/OtherEntities/Kurdish%20Academy/Kurdish/%D8%A8%DA%B5%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86/%DA%AF%DB%86%DA%A4%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%20%D9%8A%D9%94%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7/Govari%20Ekadimi%205.pdf</ref>
#: ''Çimkî ew bi '''hevênê''' me dizane, / Ew bi bîr tîne ku em ji axê ne.''<ref>''Zebûr'' 103:14, Wergera Kurmancî (SKUR). https://media.ipsapps.org/kmr/osa/skur-test/#/text</ref>
=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=-}}
# {{guharto|ku|havên}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}
dqkgu2e5itk27wzyl8ib2dhh6yfzb21
6237399
6237398
2026-06-11T08:17:43Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
6237399
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[hêman]], [[parçe]] an [[pêkhateyên]] ku tiştek ji wan pêk tê; [[avahî]] an [[pêkhatina]] tiştek.
#: ''Bêguman jêderên min bo vê nivîsarê bikaranîne ne '''hevên''' li jor tenê ne. Hemî berhemên zimanzanên dinê Kurd û kurdologên din min temaşa kirin, lê min ne xwest vî karî bi nivîsîna wan girantir bikim.''<ref>''Academy: A Periodical Published by Kurdistan Academy'', Erbil, 2007, Govarî Ekadîmî 5, r. 247.https://govkrd.b-cdn.net/OtherEntities/Kurdish%20Academy/Kurdish/%D8%A8%DA%B5%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86/%DA%AF%DB%86%DA%A4%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%20%D9%8A%D9%94%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7/Govari%20Ekadimi%205.pdf</ref>
#: ''Çimkî ew bi '''hevênê''' me dizane, / Ew bi bîr tîne ku em ji axê ne.''<ref>''Zebûr'' 103:14, Wergera Kurmancî (SKUR). https://media.ipsapps.org/kmr/osa/skur-test/#/text</ref>
=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=-}}
# {{guharto|ku|havên}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{werger-bin}}
eri5dc0hwr0gg3ugvvw7dgtgha4qqco
6237400
6237399
2026-06-11T08:21:21Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
/* Werger */
6237400
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[hêman]], [[parçe]] an [[pêkhateyên]] ku tiştek ji wan pêk tê; [[avahî]] an [[pêkhatina]] tiştek.
#: ''Bêguman jêderên min bo vê nivîsarê bikaranîne ne '''hevên''' li jor tenê ne. Hemî berhemên zimanzanên dinê Kurd û kurdologên din min temaşa kirin, lê min ne xwest vî karî bi nivîsîna wan girantir bikim.''<ref>''Academy: A Periodical Published by Kurdistan Academy'', Erbil, 2007, Govarî Ekadîmî 5, r. 247.https://govkrd.b-cdn.net/OtherEntities/Kurdish%20Academy/Kurdish/%D8%A8%DA%B5%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86/%DA%AF%DB%86%DA%A4%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%20%D9%8A%D9%94%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7/Govari%20Ekadimi%205.pdf</ref>
#: ''Çimkî ew bi '''hevênê''' me dizane, / Ew bi bîr tîne ku em ji axê ne.''<ref>''Zebûr'' 103:14, Wergera Kurmancî (SKUR). https://media.ipsapps.org/kmr/osa/skur-test/#/text</ref>
=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=-}}
# {{guharto|ku|havên}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|component}}, {{W+|en|constituent element}}, {{W+|en|composition}}, {{W+|en|makeup}}, {{W+|en|constitution}}, {{W+|en|frame}}
{{werger-bin}}
k11vh9h6ejwm4ilq9x6pg831pdoitvu
6237402
6237400
2026-06-11T08:40:24Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
'=== Navdêr === {{navdêr|ku|z=-}} # {{guharto|ku|havên}}' ket şûna rûpelê.
6237402
wikitext
text/x-wiki
=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=-}}
# {{guharto|ku|havên}}
4tgip5tf6hakw68qbta15h92b8c6cjp
havên
0
52090
6237408
5930934
2026-06-11T09:18:42Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
Werger: +îngilîzî : [[yogurt starter]] (bi alîkarî)
6237408
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[mast]]ê ku [[têkil]]î nav [[şîr]]î tê kirin daku [[şîr]] [[meyîn|bimeye]] û bibe [[mast]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[tov]], tişta/ê ku tiştek din jê çêdibe yan tê çêkirin
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Lê ew hîç ne difikirî Jî ku dibe hin zilam jî hene ku zarûk ji '''havênê''' wan çênabin.|{{Jêgirtin/Zeynelabidîn Zinar/Balafira Jînê}}}}
==== Herwiha ====
{{stûn|
* {{hw|ku|hêvin||Ûrmiye}}
* {{hw|ku|aveyn}}
* {{hw|ku|avên}}
* {{hw|ku|haveyn}}
* {{hw|ku|heyvên}}
* {{hw|ku|hêvên}}
* {{hw|ku|heyvan}}
}}
==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* {{mj|lêker}} [[havên kirin]]
* {{mj|navdêr}} [[havênkirin]]
* {{mj|rengdêr}} [[havênkirî]]
}}
==== Têkildar ====
* [[hevîrtirş]]
==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî {{g|ckb|ههوێن|tr=hewên}}, zazakî {{q|zza|ameyn}} / {{q|zza|amên}} / {{q|zza|amîn}}, hewramî [[amyan]], farisî {{g|fa|مایه|tr=mayê}}, pehlewî ''madek'', ji {{ji|ira}} *ham-madu/a-ya-na- (*mad- < IE *maǵ-).
==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|ameyn}}, {{W-|zza|amên}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Hefe|f}}, {{W|de|Sauerteig|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|kvasinka|f}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[酵母]] xiào mǔ
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|gær|c}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[خميرة]] (xemîre), {{W|ar|الخمرة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|خاثر|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|pärm}}, {{W+|et|pärmseened}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مایه}}, {{W+|fa|خمیر مایه}}, {{W+|fa|مایه پنیر}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hiiva}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|levure|f}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|gist|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|yeast}}, {{W+|en|ferment}}, {{W+|en|atom}}, {{W+|en|leaven|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|leavening|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|yeast ferment|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|sour dough|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|yogurt starter}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W|ga|giosta|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[酵母]] (kōbo)
* {{Z|ko}}: [[효모]] (hyomo)
* {{Z|pl}}: [[drożdże]] {{fpl}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[дрожжи]] (dróžži) {{fpl}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|levadura|f}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|jäst}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|maya}}, {{W+|tr|bel}}, {{W+|tr|cibiliyet}}, {{W|tr|damızlık|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|döl|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|μαγιά|f}}, {{W|el|ζύμη|f}}
{{werger-bin}}
1ibsj8u9amt22eictfr0mwdm3u0a2r3
6237409
6237408
2026-06-11T09:18:48Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
Werger: +îngilîzî : [[starter culture]] (bi alîkarî)
6237409
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[mast]]ê ku [[têkil]]î nav [[şîr]]î tê kirin daku [[şîr]] [[meyîn|bimeye]] û bibe [[mast]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[tov]], tişta/ê ku tiştek din jê çêdibe yan tê çêkirin
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Lê ew hîç ne difikirî Jî ku dibe hin zilam jî hene ku zarûk ji '''havênê''' wan çênabin.|{{Jêgirtin/Zeynelabidîn Zinar/Balafira Jînê}}}}
==== Herwiha ====
{{stûn|
* {{hw|ku|hêvin||Ûrmiye}}
* {{hw|ku|aveyn}}
* {{hw|ku|avên}}
* {{hw|ku|haveyn}}
* {{hw|ku|heyvên}}
* {{hw|ku|hêvên}}
* {{hw|ku|heyvan}}
}}
==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* {{mj|lêker}} [[havên kirin]]
* {{mj|navdêr}} [[havênkirin]]
* {{mj|rengdêr}} [[havênkirî]]
}}
==== Têkildar ====
* [[hevîrtirş]]
==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî {{g|ckb|ههوێن|tr=hewên}}, zazakî {{q|zza|ameyn}} / {{q|zza|amên}} / {{q|zza|amîn}}, hewramî [[amyan]], farisî {{g|fa|مایه|tr=mayê}}, pehlewî ''madek'', ji {{ji|ira}} *ham-madu/a-ya-na- (*mad- < IE *maǵ-).
==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|ameyn}}, {{W-|zza|amên}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Hefe|f}}, {{W|de|Sauerteig|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|kvasinka|f}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[酵母]] xiào mǔ
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|gær|c}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[خميرة]] (xemîre), {{W|ar|الخمرة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|خاثر|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|pärm}}, {{W+|et|pärmseened}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مایه}}, {{W+|fa|خمیر مایه}}, {{W+|fa|مایه پنیر}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hiiva}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|levure|f}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|gist|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|yeast}}, {{W+|en|ferment}}, {{W+|en|atom}}, {{W+|en|leaven|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|leavening|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|yeast ferment|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|sour dough|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|yogurt starter}}, {{W-|en|starter culture}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W|ga|giosta|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[酵母]] (kōbo)
* {{Z|ko}}: [[효모]] (hyomo)
* {{Z|pl}}: [[drożdże]] {{fpl}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[дрожжи]] (dróžži) {{fpl}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|levadura|f}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|jäst}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|maya}}, {{W+|tr|bel}}, {{W+|tr|cibiliyet}}, {{W|tr|damızlık|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|döl|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|μαγιά|f}}, {{W|el|ζύμη|f}}
{{werger-bin}}
eo6ma066q8cpqbs2ut9yl8zliy8s47k
6237410
6237409
2026-06-11T09:19:18Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
Werger: +îngilîzî : [[seed]] (bi alîkarî)
6237410
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[mast]]ê ku [[têkil]]î nav [[şîr]]î tê kirin daku [[şîr]] [[meyîn|bimeye]] û bibe [[mast]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[tov]], tişta/ê ku tiştek din jê çêdibe yan tê çêkirin
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Lê ew hîç ne difikirî Jî ku dibe hin zilam jî hene ku zarûk ji '''havênê''' wan çênabin.|{{Jêgirtin/Zeynelabidîn Zinar/Balafira Jînê}}}}
==== Herwiha ====
{{stûn|
* {{hw|ku|hêvin||Ûrmiye}}
* {{hw|ku|aveyn}}
* {{hw|ku|avên}}
* {{hw|ku|haveyn}}
* {{hw|ku|heyvên}}
* {{hw|ku|hêvên}}
* {{hw|ku|heyvan}}
}}
==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* {{mj|lêker}} [[havên kirin]]
* {{mj|navdêr}} [[havênkirin]]
* {{mj|rengdêr}} [[havênkirî]]
}}
==== Têkildar ====
* [[hevîrtirş]]
==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî {{g|ckb|ههوێن|tr=hewên}}, zazakî {{q|zza|ameyn}} / {{q|zza|amên}} / {{q|zza|amîn}}, hewramî [[amyan]], farisî {{g|fa|مایه|tr=mayê}}, pehlewî ''madek'', ji {{ji|ira}} *ham-madu/a-ya-na- (*mad- < IE *maǵ-).
==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|ameyn}}, {{W-|zza|amên}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Hefe|f}}, {{W|de|Sauerteig|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|kvasinka|f}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[酵母]] xiào mǔ
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|gær|c}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[خميرة]] (xemîre), {{W|ar|الخمرة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|خاثر|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|pärm}}, {{W+|et|pärmseened}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مایه}}, {{W+|fa|خمیر مایه}}, {{W+|fa|مایه پنیر}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hiiva}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|levure|f}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|gist|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|yeast}}, {{W+|en|ferment}}, {{W+|en|atom}}, {{W+|en|leaven|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|leavening|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|yeast ferment|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|sour dough|guman=erê}}, {{W-|en|yogurt starter}}, {{W-|en|starter culture}}, {{W+|en|seed}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W|ga|giosta|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[酵母]] (kōbo)
* {{Z|ko}}: [[효모]] (hyomo)
* {{Z|pl}}: [[drożdże]] {{fpl}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[дрожжи]] (dróžži) {{fpl}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|levadura|f}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|jäst}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|maya}}, {{W+|tr|bel}}, {{W+|tr|cibiliyet}}, {{W|tr|damızlık|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|döl|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|μαγιά|f}}, {{W|el|ζύμη|f}}
{{werger-bin}}
29wp4pplc7j8np7xegm21gege3vhzyl
6237411
6237410
2026-06-11T09:19:39Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
/* Werger */
6237411
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[mast]]ê ku [[têkil]]î nav [[şîr]]î tê kirin daku [[şîr]] [[meyîn|bimeye]] û bibe [[mast]]
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
# [[tov]], tişta/ê ku tiştek din jê çêdibe yan tê çêkirin
#* {{jêder|ku|jêgirtin=Lê ew hîç ne difikirî Jî ku dibe hin zilam jî hene ku zarûk ji '''havênê''' wan çênabin.|{{Jêgirtin/Zeynelabidîn Zinar/Balafira Jînê}}}}
==== Herwiha ====
{{stûn|
* {{hw|ku|hêvin||Ûrmiye}}
* {{hw|ku|aveyn}}
* {{hw|ku|avên}}
* {{hw|ku|haveyn}}
* {{hw|ku|heyvên}}
* {{hw|ku|hêvên}}
* {{hw|ku|heyvan}}
}}
==== Jê ====
{{stûn|
* {{mj|lêker}} [[havên kirin]]
* {{mj|navdêr}} [[havênkirin]]
* {{mj|rengdêr}} [[havênkirî]]
}}
==== Têkildar ====
* [[hevîrtirş]]
==== Etîmolojî ====
Hevreha soranî {{g|ckb|ههوێن|tr=hewên}}, zazakî {{q|zza|ameyn}} / {{q|zza|amên}} / {{q|zza|amîn}}, hewramî [[amyan]], farisî {{g|fa|مایه|tr=mayê}}, pehlewî ''madek'', ji {{ji|ira}} *ham-madu/a-ya-na- (*mad- < IE *maǵ-).
==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|zza}}: {{W-|zza|ameyn}}, {{W-|zza|amên}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|de}}: {{W|de|Hefe|f}}, {{W|de|Sauerteig|m}}
* {{Z|cs}}: {{W|cs|kvasinka|f}}
* {{Z|zh}}: [[酵母]] xiào mǔ
* {{Z|da}}: {{W|da|gær|c}}
* {{Z|ar}}: [[خميرة]] (xemîre), {{W|ar|الخمرة|guman=erê}}, {{W|ar|خاثر|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|et}}: {{W+|et|pärm}}, {{W+|et|pärmseened}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W+|fa|مایه}}, {{W+|fa|خمیر مایه}}, {{W+|fa|مایه پنیر}}
* {{Z|fi}}: {{W+|fi|hiiva}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W|fr|levure|f}}
* {{Z|nl}}: {{W|nl|gist|m}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W-|en|yogurt starter}}, {{W-|en|starter culture}}, {{W+|en|yeast}}, {{W+|en|ferment}}, {{W+|en|atom}}, {{W+|en|leaven|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|leavening|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|yeast ferment|guman=erê}}, {{W|en|sour dough|guman=erê}}, {{W+|en|seed}}
* {{Z|ga}}: {{W|ga|giosta|m}}
* {{Z|ja}}: [[酵母]] (kōbo)
* {{Z|ko}}: [[효모]] (hyomo)
* {{Z|pl}}: [[drożdże]] {{fpl}}
* {{Z|ru}}: [[дрожжи]] (dróžži) {{fpl}}
* {{Z|es}}: {{W|es|levadura|f}}
* {{Z|sv}}: {{W+|sv|jäst}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|maya}}, {{W+|tr|bel}}, {{W+|tr|cibiliyet}}, {{W|tr|damızlık|guman=erê}}, {{W|tr|döl|guman=erê}}
* {{Z|el}}: {{W|el|μαγιά|f}}, {{W|el|ζύμη|f}}
{{werger-bin}}
bxddpwy1igkjh1a3ezckc0o03vq1ln1
hesap sormak
0
141253
6237414
4593837
2026-06-11T09:34:17Z
Bikarhêner
3719
/* */ bi [[MediaWiki:Gadget-AjaxEdit.js|AjaxEdit]]ê re
6237414
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|tr}} ==
=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|tr}}
# [[hesab pirsîn]] (ji bo wî kesê ku karekî ne li rê û xerab kiriye)
jshv6fjkul1t8pcszbhpcjmw7en049x
edit
0
390935
6237403
6051985
2026-06-11T08:41:14Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
/* Lêker */
6237403
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|en}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{deng|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Samuel Muldoon (Muldoonsamuel55)-edit.wav|Deng|dever=Aurora, DYA}}
=== Lêker ===
{{lêker|en}}
# [[nivîsîn]], [[bijare kirin]]<ref>Ferhenga Kurdî-Îngîlîzî ya Salah Sadallah</ref>
# [[guherandin]], [[serastkirin]], [[rastvekirin]]
=== Çavkanî ===
{{çavkanî}}
hxeerqv2kv1bm0l8k0h4dzcgw8wwlkp
agihandin
0
449946
6237380
6208957
2026-06-11T03:35:37Z
Kawarizgar1
14836
/* Lêker */
6237380
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-IPA}}
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|agihandin|form=gerguhêz|niha=agihîn|borî=agihand}}
{{lêker|ku|c=h-ngh}}
# [[ragihandin]], [[agahdar kirin]], [[haydar kirin]], [[zêfandin]], [[tahdîtkirin]], [[tahdît kirin]], [[hesandin]]
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Yilmaz '''agihand''' ku piraniya pêwîstiyên xwarin û kincan ên Kobaniyan niha ji aliyê Heyva Sor a Kurdistanê, Şaredariyên DBP’yî û mirovên hestyar ve tê dayîn.|nivîskar=ANF|sernav=Ji Heyva Sor ji bo Kobaniyan alîkariya barê 6 TIR’an|url=http://www.heyvasor.com/ku/ji-heyva-sor-ji-bo-kobaniyan-alikariya-bare-6-tiran-2/|malper=heyvasor.com|dîrok=07.12.2014}}
#* {{jêder-malper|ku|jêgirtin=Helwesta dawîn a Amerîkayê ya piştî giştpirsiyê pir zelal e. Berpirsên vî welatî dibêjin, giştpirsî ziyanê '''dagihîne''' pêwendiyên wan ên li gel Başûrê Kurdistanê.|nivîskar=Namo Abdulla|sernav=Amerîka: Pêwendiyên me yên li gel Kurdistanê naguherin|url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/world/29092017|malper=rudaw.net|dîrok=29.09.2017}}
# [[îstîxbarat]]
#: Ez dê bi paşerojê di agihandinê de bibim
==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|مطلع کردن}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|bildirmek}}, {{W+|tr|bilgilendirmek}}
{{werger-bin}}
{{bend}}
=== Navdêr ===
{{ku-tewîn-nav|agihandin|mê}}
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# [[ragihandin]], [[agahdarkirin]], [[agahdarî]], [[haydarî]], [[zandarî]]
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|bildirim}}, {{W+|tr|bilgilendirme}}
{{werger-bin}}
i1ziwv86tep0a28w7cishgqzttef8xn
Modul:ku-tewandin
828
628614
6237384
6237285
2026-06-11T05:42:46Z
Ghybu
1393
neyînî: indImperfect => ne
6237384
Scribunto
text/plain
-- Modula tewandina lêkerên kurmancî
local export = {}
-- Load irregular forms table
-- local irreg = require('Module:ku-tewandin/nestandard')
local langKu = require("Modul:languages").getByCode("ku")
local link = require('Module:links').language_link
local shallowCopy = require("Module:table/shallowCopy")
local deepCopy = require("Module:table/deepCopy")
-- =============================================================================
-- Pronouns in Kurmanji
-- =============================================================================
export.order = {"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1", "p2", "p3"}
export.pronouns = {
s1 = "ez", p1 = "em",
s2 = "tu", p2 = "hûn",
s3 = "ew", p3 = "ew"
}
export.obliquePronouns = {
s1 = "min", p1 = "me",
s2 = "te", p2 = "we",
s3 = "wê/wî", p3 = "wan"
}
export.agents = {
s1 = "te, wî, wê, we, wan", p1 = "te, wî, wê, we, wan",
s2 = "min, wî, wê, me, wan", p2 = "min, wî, wê, me, wan",
s3 = "min, te, wî, wê, me, we, wan", p3 = "min, te, wî, wê, me, we, wan"
}
-- Oblique pronoun (green)
export.obliquePronounsGreen = {
s1 = '<span style="color:green">min</span>',
s2 = '<span style="color:green">te</span>',
s3 = '<span style="color:green">wê/wî</span>',
p1 = '<span style="color:green">me</span>',
p2 = '<span style="color:green">we</span>',
p3 = '<span style="color:green">wan</span>'
}
-- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- 1) This function returns correct subject/agent pronoun, ergativity rule:
-- - Transitive verbs in past tenses → oblique pronoun (green) = agent
-- - All other cases → direct pronoun (no color) = subject
-- 2) Also add the subjunctive prefix "(bila)"
-- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
function export.conjPronouns(stemType, mode, isTransitive)
local pronouns = shallowCopy(export.pronouns)
-- Ergativity in kurdish: transitive verbs that are conjugated with the past tense stem are
-- conjugated according to the object, not the subject.
-- Therefore, to have an ergative construction,
-- the verb must be transitive and its stem must be the stem of the past tense.
local isErgative = isTransitive and (stemType == 'past')
-- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ...
-- If it's not ergative, we use normal pronouns: "ez", "tu", ...
if isErgative then
pronouns = shallowCopy(export.obliquePronounsGreen)
end
-- For the subjunctive mood, we add "(bila)" at the beginning.
if mode == 'subjunctive' then
local subjPrefix = '<span style="color:gray">(bila)</span>'
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
pronouns[pers] = subjPrefix .. ' ' .. pronouns[pers]
end
end
return pronouns
end
-- =============================================================================
-- VERBAL STRUCTURE IN THE INFINITIVE:
-- Verbs in the infinitive appear in three main forms:
-- 1) Simple verb (indivisible light verb):
-- - ex.: "kirin", "çûn", "xwarin", ...
-- 2) Verbs with preverbs (preverb + simple verb):
-- - ex.: "rakirin" (ra- + kirin), "çêkirin" (çê- + kirin), "vexwarin" (ve- + xwarin), ...
-- - Preverb verbs don't use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê rakim , ew ê rake , ...)
-- 3) Compound verbs, construction with non-verbal element (the noun is not attached to the verb):
-- - Left of the simple verb: "hez kirin" ("hez" + "kirin"), "li dar xistin" ("li dar" + "xistin"), ...
-- - Right of the simple verb: "kirin der" ("kirin" + "der"), "girtin ser xwe" ("girtin" + "ser xwe"), ...
-- - Compound verbs use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê hez bi-kim , ew ê hez bi-ke )
-- STRUCTURE: preSimpleVerb + spacing + simpleVerb + postSimpleVerb
-- EX. kirin: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb=''
-- rakirin: preSimpleVerb='ra'; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb=''
-- hez kirin: preSimpleVerb='hez'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb=''
-- pev çûn: preSimpleVerb='pev'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='çûn'; postSimpleVerb=''
-- kirin der: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='der'
-- WARNING: Conjugation can vary depending on the type of verb.
-- For example, in the future tense,the prefix "bi" is used for compound verbs,
-- but not for preverbal verbs, see the function that manages it "tenseRules" table.
-- This table does not yet support the mixed case: a verb composed of a noun and a preverb verb.
-- =============================================================================
function export.verbStruct(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb)
local struct
if (preSimpleVerb and preSimpleVerb ~= '' and not isCompoundVerb) then
struct = 'preverbVerb'
elseif isCompoundVerb then
struct = 'compoundVerb'
else
struct = 'simpleVerb'
end
return struct
end
-- ================================================================
-- INFLECTIONAL ENDINGS
-- Assigns verb inflectional endings (suffixes) to all tenses
-- ================================================================
local getEndings = {}
do
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Ending using present stem
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
getEndings['present'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local ends = {}
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then
ends['std'] = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'}
ends['rojhilatî'] = {s1='m', s2='(y)', s3='t', p1='yn', p2='n', p3='n'}
else
ends['std'] = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='e', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'}
ends['rojhilatî'] = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='<u>it</u>/ît', p1='în', p2='in', p3='in'}
end
return ends
end
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Ind. preterite + ind. imperfect ending
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
getEndings['past'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local ends
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiouû]$') then
ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'}
elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then
-- if self.name == 'indImperfect' then
-- -- special indicative ind. imperfect rule
-- ends = {s1='yam', s2='yayî', s3='ya', p1='yan', p2='yan', p3='yan'}
-- end
ends = {s1='m', s2='', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'}
else
ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'}
end
return ends
end
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Compound endings with auxiliary "bûn"
-- Inflectional endings are created by taking the different forms of the
-- verb "bûn" (with present stem "-b-" and past stem "-bû-") and
-- adding an "i-" prefix before them: "i-b-im", "i-bû-m", "i-bû-me", "i-bû-ma".
-- This "i-" varies according to the final letter of the verb stem.
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
local function normalize_i(stem)
local prfx_i = "i"
if mw.ustring.match(stem, "ya$") or
mw.ustring.match(stem, "[îû]$") then -- cf. karîn (-karî-)
prfx_i = ""
elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiou]$') then
prfx_i = "yi"
end
return prfx_i
end
getEndings['ibim'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem)
return {
s1 = prfx_i .. "bim", p1 = prfx_i .. "bin",
s2 = prfx_i .. "bî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bin",
s3 = prfx_i .. "be", p3 = prfx_i .. "bin"
}
end
getEndings['ibûm'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem)
return {
s1 = prfx_i .. "bûm", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûn",
s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûn",
s3 = prfx_i .. "bû", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûn"
}
end
getEndings['ibûme'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem)
return {
s1 = prfx_i .. "bûme", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûne",
s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyiye", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûne",
s3 = prfx_i .. "bûye", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûne"
}
end
getEndings['ibûma'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem)
return {
s1 = prfx_i .. "bûma", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûna",
s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyayî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûna",
s3 = prfx_i .. "bûya", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûna"
}
end
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Ind. perfect ending.
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
getEndings['ime'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local ends
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then
ends = {s1="me", s2="yî", s3="ye", p1="ne", p2="ne", p3="ne"}
else
ends = {s1="ime", s2="iyî", s3="iye", p1="ine", p2="ine", p3="ine"}
end
return ends
end
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Subj. Imperfect ending.
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
getEndings['ama'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local ends
-- The doublet in "-iyan" of verbs in -"în" (gerîn/-geriya-, kenîn/-keniya-, ...),
-- in the conditional and subjunctive moods, a doublet "yaya" appears; it's removed.
-- -yayayî → -yayî; -yaya → -ya
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '(ya)$') then
ends = {s1="ma", s2="yî", s3="", p1="na", p2="na", p3="na"}
elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then
ends = {s1="ma", s2="yayî", s3="ya", p1="na", p2="na", p3="na"}
else
ends = {s1="ama", s2="ayî", s3="a", p1="ana", p2="ana", p3="ana"}
end
return ends
end
end
-- =============================================================================
-- RULES FOR PREVERBS: "bi-" and "di-"
-- There are two preverbs: "bi-" and "di-". These preverbs can change form
-- depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem.
-- =============================================================================
local getPreverb = {}
do
getPreverb['bi'] = function (self, opts)
opts = opts or {}
local stem = opts.stem
local verbStruct = opts.verbStruct
local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi
local accent = opts.accent
-- Devoka rojhilatî:
-- @Ferhengvan: Dema bêt bi lêkera alîkar "ê / dê" û bi rehê lêkerê yê
-- dema niha û pêşgirên kesî tê çêkirin. Pêşgira "bi-" li destpêka lêkera
-- serekî nîne: - ez ê / dê xw-im (standard: ez ê/dê bi-xw-im).
if (self.name == 'indFuture' and accent == 'rojhilatî') then
return ''
end
-- Preverb verbs don't use the preverb "bi-": ra-kirin (ez ê rakim), ve-xwarin (ez ê vexwim) , ...
-- But compound verb and simple verbs use it: hez kirin (ez ê hez bi-kim), lê bigirin (ez ê lê bi-girim), ...
if (verbStruct == 'preverbVerb') then
return ''
end
if overrideBi then return overrideBi end
-- if irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] end
-- Modification of the preverbe "bi-" according to the last letter of the stem.
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[aeêiîouû]') then
return 'b'
end
return 'bi'
end
getPreverb['di'] = function (self, opts)
-- self: reserved for future use
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
opts = opts or {}
local stem = opts.stem
local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi
if overrideDi then return overrideDi end
-- if irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] end
-- Modification of the preverbe "di-" according to the last letter of the stem.
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[ai]') then
return 'd'
end
-- Ex. hatin : stem = -ê- // ez têm
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[êî]') then
return 't'
end
return 'di'
end
end
-- =============================================================================
-- RULES FOR NEGATION PREFIXES: "na-" and "ne-"
-- There are two negation prefixes: "na-" and "ne-". These preverbs can change
-- form depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem.
-- =============================================================================
local getNegPrefix = {}
do
getNegPrefix['na'] = function (opts)
opts = opts or {}
local stem = opts.stem
local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa
if overrideNa then return '<b>' .. overrideNa .. '</b>' end
-- if irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] end
-- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels.
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then
return '<b>nay</b>'
end
-- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e").
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then
return '<b>n</b>'
end
-- Tîpa duyem "-a-" ye (k-a-rîn, z-a-nîn, ...)
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^%wa') then
return '<b>ni</b>'
end
return '<b>na</b>'
end
getNegPrefix['ne'] = function (opts)
opts = opts or {}
local stem = opts.stem
local tenseName = opts.tenseName
local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm
local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe
if overrideNe then return '<b>' .. overrideNe .. '</b>' end
-- if irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] end
local negPrefix = 'ne'
-- Bo neyînî: pêşgira "di-" tenê di nav dema "indImperfect" de tê bikaranîn.
-- ji ber vê yekê 'negPrefix' hertim (?) 'ne' ye ji ber ku dikeve pêş
-- pêşgira "di-": wê/wî ne-di-elimand (elimandin)
if (tenseName == 'indImperfect') then
return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>'
end
-- There are two forms of construction of the imperative,
-- one with the prefix "me-" and the other with the prefix "ne-".
if (tenseName == 'impPresent') then
negPrefix = (impNegForm == 2) and 'ne' or 'me'
end
-- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels.
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then
return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. 'y</b>'
end
-- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e").
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then
negPrefix = mw.ustring.sub(negPrefix, 1, -2)
return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>'
end
return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>'
end
end
-- =============================================================================
-- Standardization of the PREVERBAL PARTICLE
-- The proverbial particle "ê" is placed after the personal pronoun.
-- =============================================================================
-- If there are no verbal preparticles, return empty table.
function export.getPreverbParticules(preverbParticle, typeStem, isTransitive)
if not preverbParticle then
return {s1='', s2='', s3='', p1='', p2='', p3=''}
end
if preverbParticle == 'ê' then
local isErgative = isTransitive and (typeStem == 'past')
-- When the personal pronoun ends in a vowel, a "y-" is added before "ê".
-- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ...
if isErgative then
return {s1='ê/dê', s2='yê/dê', s3='yê/dê', p1='yê/dê', p2='yê/dê', p3='ê/dê'}
else
return {s1='ê/dê', s2='yê/dê', s3='ê/dê', p1='ê/dê', p2='ê/dê', p3='ê/dê'}
end
end
-- If the verbal preparticle is identical for all pronouns,
-- we create a table with the same value.
local preverbParticles = {}
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
preverbParticles[pers] = preverbParticle
end
return preverbParticles
end
-- =============================================================================
-- RULES FOR CONSTRUCTING EACH VERB TENSE
-- This table lists, for each verb tense, what elements are required to form it:
-- - Verb conjugation is built by placing either the preverb "bi-" or "di-" before
-- the verb stem (past or present), followed by a personal ending.
-- - For the negative form, one of the prefixes "na-" or "ne-" is added as well.
-- - In some cases, a preverbal particle such as /ê/ or /dê/ is added before
-- the conjugated verb as well.
-- Not: - The "negPreverb" (preverb (bi-/di-) for negative tenses) parameter has a
-- value different from "nil" only for the Imperfect tense ("negPreverb=di").
-- - The parameter "negPrefix=na" is used only for the present indicative.
--
-- Preverb "di", used in: "indPresent"(present stem), "indImperfect"(past stem)
-- - Bo neyînî: pêşgira "di-" tenê di nav dema "IndImperfect" de tê bikaranîn.
-- Preverb "bi", used in: "indFuture"(present stem), "subPresent"(present stem),
-- "subImperfect"(past stem) = "condPresent"(past stem)
-- - The prefix "bi-" isn't used in negative forms.
--
-- Present stem, used in: "indPresent"(di)(na),
-- "indFuture"(bi)(ne) = "subPresent"(bi)(ne)
--
-- Past stem, used in: "indPreterite"(-)(ne), "indImperfect"(di)(ne), "indPluperfect"(-)(ne),
-- "indPerfect"(-)(ne), "indNwPluperfect"(-)(ne), "indFuturePerfect"(-)(ne),
-- "subPreterite"(-)(ne),
-- "subImperfect"(bi)(ne) = "condPresent"(bi)(ne),
-- "subPluperfect"(-)(ne) = "condPreterite"(-)(ne)
-- =============================================================================
-- Some conjugations are identical except that they differ only in the preverbal particle (/ê/, /dê/).
-- So, to avoid repeating the same information (and thus risking errors),
-- we establish the common part shared between these verbs.
local sharedTenseRules = {
indFuture = {
stem = "present",
preverb = getPreverb['bi'],
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['present']
},
indFuturePerfect = {
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ibim']
},
subImperfect = {
stem = "past",
preverb = getPreverb['bi'],
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ama']
},
subPluperfect = {
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ibûma']
}
}
local mt = {
__index = function(t, k)
local commonRules = t._commonRules
if commonRules then return commonRules[k] end
end
}
-- TENSES CONJUGATION RULES
export.tenseRules = {
-- IMPERATIVE MOOD
impPresent = setmetatable({
name = "impPresent",
nameKu = "raweya fermanî",
nameEn = "present imperative",
mode = "imperative",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuture,
preverbParticle = nil
}, mt),
-- INDICATIVE MOOD
indPresent = {
name = "indPresent",
nameKu = "dema niha",
nameEn = "present",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "present",
preverb = getPreverb['di'],
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['na'],
endings = getEndings['present'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indPreterite = {
name = "indPreterite",
nameKu = "raboriya sade",
nameEn = "simple past",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['past'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indImperfect = {
name = "indImperfect",
nameKu = "raboriya berdest",
nameEn = "Imperfect",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = getPreverb['di'],
negPreverb = getPreverb['di'],
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['past'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indPluperfect = {
name = "indPluperfect",
nameKu = "raboriya dûr",
nameEn = "pluperfect",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ibûm'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indFuture = setmetatable({
name = "indFuture",
nameKu = "dema bê",
nameEn = "future",
mode = "indicative",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuture,
preverbParticle = 'ê'
}, mt),
indFuturePerfect = setmetatable({
name = "indFuturePerfect",
nameKu = "dahatiya pêş",
nameEn = "future perfect",
mode = "indicative",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuturePerfect,
preverbParticle = 'ê'
}, mt),
-- In some books, the "perfect" and "nonconfirmative pluperfect" tenses
-- are classified in the "inferential mood" ("moda neşahidî").
-- Currently we classify them using the indicative mood (at the end).
indPerfect = {
name = "indPerfect",
nameKu = "raboriya dûdar",
nameEn = "perfect",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ime'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indNwPluperfect = {
name = "indNwPluperfect",
nameKu = "çîrokiya boriya dûdar",
nameEn = "non-witnessed pluperfect",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ibûme'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
-- SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
subjPresent = setmetatable({
name = "subjPresent",
nameKu = "dema nihaya xwestekî",
nameEn = "present subjunctive",
mode = "subjunctive",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuture,
preverbParticle = nil
}, mt),
subjPreterite = setmetatable({
name = "subjPreterite",
nameKu = "dema boriya xwestekî",
nameEn = "preterite subjunctive",
mode = "subjunctive",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuturePerfect,
preverbParticle = nil,
}, mt),
subjImperfect = setmetatable({
name = "subjImperfect",
nameKu = "raboriya bilaniyê",
nameEn = "imperfect subjunctive",
mode = "subjunctive",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.subImperfect,
preverbParticle = nil,
}, mt),
subjPluperfect = setmetatable({
name = "subjPluperfect",
nameKu = "raboriya dûr a bilaniyê",
nameEn = "pluperfect subjunctive",
mode = "subjunctive",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.subPluperfect,
preverbParticle = nil
}, mt),
-- CONDITIONAL MOOD
condPresent = setmetatable({
name = "condPresent",
nameKu = "çîrokiya dema nihaya mercî",
nameEn = "present conditional",
mode = "conditional",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.subImperfect,
preverbParticle = 'ê'
}, mt),
condPreterite = setmetatable({
name = "condPreterite",
nameKu = "dema boriya mercî",
nameEn = "preterite conditional",
mode = "conditional",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.subPluperfect,
preverbParticle = 'ê'
}, mt),
}
-- =============================================================================
-- MAIN CONJUGATION FUNCTOIN
-- This function returns an array containing the conjugation table for a given
-- tense as well as other information about the conjugated verb.
-- =============================================================================
function export.conjugate(opts)
opts = opts or {}
-- Required parameters
local tense = opts.tense or error("'tense' required", 2)
--One of the two parameters is required:
-- - If the tense uses the present stem, indicate "presentStem".
-- - If it uses the past stem, indicate "pastStem".
local presentStem = opts.presentStem
local pastStem = opts.pastStem
-- Optional parameters
local isTransitive = opts.isTransitive or false -- Indicate if the verb is transitive (true/false)
local isNegative = opts.isNegative or false -- Indicate if it's the negative form (true/false)
local isCompoundVerb = opts.isCompoundVerb or false -- Indicate if it's a compound verb (true/false)
local preSimpleVerb = opts.preSimpleVerb or '' -- The part before the simple verb
local postSimpleVerb = opts.postSimpleVerb or '' -- The part after the simple verb
-- These parameters are provided when the verb is irregular.
-- Allows you to manually modify preverbs ("bi-"" or "di-")
-- and negation prefixes ("na-" or "ne-")
local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi or nil
local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi or nil
local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa or nil
local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe or nil
-- By default, the negation of the imperative is constructed from the prefix "me-"".
-- To obtain the second variant, the prefix with "ne-", you must specify "impNegForm=2".
local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm or nil
-- Accent/ Devok
local accent = opts.accent or 'std'
-- If "tags='na'", remove links/tags
local tags = opts.tags or 'erê'
-- If addPreverbParticles='na', remove preverb particles (ê/dê) before
-- the conjugated verbs.
local addPreverbParticles = opts.addPreverbParticles or 'erê'
-- We add a space to the left of the "postSimpleVerb" because it shouldn't be attached
-- to the simple verb.
if (postSimpleVerb ~= '' and postSimpleVerb ~=nil) then
postSimpleVerb = ' ' .. postSimpleVerb
end
-- Access to the classification table and retrieval of verb tense parameters
local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseRules[tense], 'copy') or false
-- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseRules".
if (not infoTense) then
return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>'
end
-- We check that one of the two parameters of the stem is given
if (infoTense.stem == 'present' and not presentStem) then
return '<span style="color:red">presentStem parameter required</span>'
elseif (infoTense.stem == 'past' and not pastStem) then
return '<span style="color:red">pasttStem parameter required</span>'
end
-- Choice between the present stem or past stem
local stem = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStem or pastStem
--────────────────────────────
-- Conjugation construction --
-- ───────────────────────────
local preverb = ''
local negPrefix = ''
-- Ruturns the verb type: "simpleVerb" or "preverbVerb" or "compoundVerb"
local verbStruct = export.verbStruct(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb)
if isNegative then
negPrefix = infoTense.negPrefix{stem=stem, tenseName=tense,
impNegForm=impNegForm,
overrideNa=overrideNa, overrideNe=overrideNe}
if infoTense.negPreverb then
preverb = infoTense:negPreverb{stem=stem, verbStruct=verbStruct,
overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi}
end
else
if infoTense.preverb then
preverb = infoTense:preverb{stem=stem, verbStruct=verbStruct,
overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi,
accent=accent}
end
end
infoTense.conj = {}
local spacing = isCompoundVerb and ' ' or ''
local endings = infoTense:endings(stem)
-- 'rojhilatî' accent (devok) for present stem
if (infoTense.stem == 'present') then
if (accent == 'rojhilatî') then
endings = endings['rojhilatî']
else
endings = endings['std']
end
end
local preverbParticles = export.getPreverbParticules(infoTense.preverbParticle, infoTense.stem, isTransitive)
local isErgative = isTransitive and (infoTense.stem == 'past')
-- Creating the conjugation table for a given tense
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
local ending
local conjSimbleVerb
local conjVerb
if isErgative then
ending = endings.s3
else
ending = endings[pers]
end
-- Adding space after the preverbal particle, and
-- if "addPreverbParticles='na'": remove preverb particles (ê/dê).
local preverbParticle = ''
if infoTense.preverbParticle and addPreverbParticles ~= 'na' then
preverbParticle = preverbParticles[pers] .. ' '
end
conjSimbleVerb = negPrefix .. preverb .. stem .. ending
-- Adding prefixe and suffixe
conjVerb = preSimpleVerb .. spacing .. conjSimbleVerb .. postSimpleVerb
-- Spelling correction(îy -> iy)
conjVerb = mw.ustring.gsub(conjVerb, 'îy', 'iy')
-- Add a link / if tags='na' no links
if tags ~= 'na' then
conjVerb = link{term=conjVerb, lang=langKu}
end
-- Addition of the preverbal particle
infoTense.conj[pers] = preverbParticle .. conjVerb
end
-- Imperative
if (infoTense.name == 'impPresent') then
infoTense.conj.s1 = nil
infoTense.conj.s2 = infoTense.conj.s3
infoTense.conj.s3 = nil
infoTense.conj.p1 = nil
-- infoTense.conj.p2 = infoTense.conj.p2
infoTense.conj.p3 = nil
end
return infoTense
end
-- =============================================================================
-- END
-- =============================================================================
-- Some useful tools
-- =============================================================================
-- Returns the list of verb tenses
export.tensesList = function()
local list = {}
for _, tense in pairs(export.tenseRules) do
table.insert(list, tense.name)
end
return list
end
-- Concatenation of pronouns and conjugated verbs
-- (for a given conjugate tense in all persons of that tense)
function export.concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, conjVerbs)
local concatTab = {}
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
concatTab[pers] = pronoms[pers] .. ' ' .. conjVerbs[pers]
end
return concatTab
end
-- =============================================================================
-- ADDITIONAL STEM OF THE PAST AND PRESENT (pastStem2, ... and presentStem2, ...)
-- This function does nothing more than add additional parameters for verb stems
-- in the past and present tenses.
-- Conjugations for the different stems will be separated by "/"
-- =============================================================================
function export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems)
local opts = baseOpts or {}
opts.tense = tense or nil
presentStems = presentStems or {}
pastStems = pastStems or {}
local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseRules[tense], 'copy') or false
-- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseRules".
if not infoTense then
return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>'
end
local stems = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStems or pastStems
-- For each verb stem, its conjugation table is calculated and stored in conjTabs.
local conjTabs = {}
for i = 1, #stems do
if stems[i] then
if (infoTense.stem == 'past') then opts.pastStem = stems[i] end
if (infoTense.stem == 'present') then opts.presentStem = stems[i] end
local conj = export.conjugate(opts).conj
table.insert(conjTabs, conj)
end
end
-- We concatenate each row of the conjugation tables.
local concatConjTabs = {}
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
local frag = {}
for i = 1, #conjTabs do
local val = conjTabs[i][pers]
if val then table.insert(frag, tostring(val)) end
end
concatConjTabs[pers] = table.concat(frag, " / ")
end
infoTense.conj = concatConjTabs
return infoTense
end
-- ====================================================================================
-- VERB CONUGATION IN ALL TENSES WITH OR WITHOUT PRONOUMS
-- ====================================================================================
function export.conjugateAllTenses(baseOpts, presentStems, pastStems, negation, concatPrs)
-- "concatPrs=false" table without pronouns
local opts = baseOpts or {}
if negation == 'negative' then opts.isNegative = true end
-- Concatenation of pronouns and conjugated verbs
local concatPronomsVerbs = export.concatPronomsVerbs
-- Tenses list
local tensesList = export.tensesList()
-- Conjugation in all tenses
local conjTab = {}
for _, tense in ipairs(tensesList) do
local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseRules[tense], 'copy')
-- We create the conjugation table without the pronouns.
conjTab[tense] = deepCopy(export.conjugateLong(opts, tense, presentStems, pastStems), 'copy')
-- We concatenate the pronouns and the verbs if "concatPrs" is different of "false"
-- No pronouns for the imperative mood
if (tense ~= 'impPresent' and concatPrs ~= false) then
local pronoms = deepCopy(export.conjPronouns(infoTense.stem, infoTense.mode, opts.isTransitive))
conjTab[tense].conj = concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, conjTab[tense].conj)
end
end
return conjTab
end
-- ====================================================================================
-- Allows you to obtain a given conjugation from a model.
-- Ex. {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent|kes=s1}}
-- See {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha}}
-- ====================================================================================
function export.tew(frame)
local args = frame:getParent().args
local baseOpts = {
isNegative = frame.args['neyînî'] or false,
isTransitive = args['form'],
isCompoundVerb = args['valahî'] or false,
preSimpleVerb = args['pêşgir'] or nil,
postSimpleVerb = args['paşgir'] or nil,
accent = args['devok'] or 'std',
tags = args['lînk'] or 'erê',
overrideBi = args['bi'] or nil,
overrideDi = args['di'] or nil,
overrideNa = args['na'] or nil,
overrideNe = args['ne'] or nil,
impNegForm = nil
}
local tense = frame.args['dem'] or nil
local pers = frame.args['kes'] or nil
local presentStems = {args['niha'], args['niha2'], args['niha3']}
local pastStems = {args['borî'], args['borî2'], args['borî3']}
-- A few checks
if (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'gerguhêz') then
baseOpts.isTransitive = true
elseif (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'negerguhêz') then
baseOpts.isTransitive = false
else
return '<span style="color:red">form = gerguhêz / negerguhêz</span>'
end
if (baseOpts.isCompoundVerb == 'erê') then
baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = true
else
baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = false
end
if (baseOpts.isNegative == 'erê') then
baseOpts.isNegative = true
end
local tabConj = export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems).conj
return tabConj[pers]
end
-- ====================================================================================
-- GET COMMMA SEPARED FORMS
-- Bnr. [[MediaWiki:Gadget-QQ.js]]
-- Ex. {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|get_comma_separated_forms|niha=kev|borî=ket}}
-- ====================================================================================
function export.get_comma_separated_forms(frame)
local opts = {
presentStem = frame.args['niha'],
pastStem = frame.args['borî'],
isTransitive = false,
isNegative = false,
isCompoundVerb = frame['valahî'] or false,
preSimpleVerb = frame['pêşgir'] or '',
postSimpleVerb = frame['paşgir'] or '',
overrideBi = frame['bi'] or nil,
overrideDi = frame['di'] or nil,
overrideNa = frame['na'] or nil,
overrideNe = frame['ne'] or nil,
impNegForm = nil,
tags = 'na', -- Remove links/tags
addPreverbParticles = 'na' -- Remove preverb particles (ê/dê)
}
local function concateList(tenseList)
local concatList = {}
for _, pers in ipairs({"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1"}) do
local tense = tenseList[pers]
table.insert(concatList, tense)
end
return table.concat(concatList, ",")
end
local tenseList = {'indPresent','indPreterite','indImperfect',
'indPluperfect','indPerfect','indNwPluperfect',
'indFuture','indFuturePerfect',
'subjImperfect','subjPluperfect'
}
local concatAllTense = {}
for i = 1, #tenseList do
local tense = tenseList[i]
if export.tenseRules[tense] then
opts.tense = tense
local conj = shallowCopy(export.conjugate(opts).conj)
local concatTense = concateList(conj)
table.insert(concatAllTense, concatTense)
end
end
return table.concat(concatAllTense, ",")
end
return export
19dudztmvieniarjbjt7tz6fto995v2
Modul:ku-tewandin/nestandard
828
628616
6237377
6237300
2026-06-11T02:00:52Z
Ghybu
1393
6237377
Scribunto
text/plain
local reh = {}
reh['ê'] = {
'hatin',
stem = 'present',
imp = {pos = {s1='were', s2='werin'},
neg1= {s1='meyê', s2='meyên'},
neg2= {s1='neyê', s2='neyên'}
},
indFuture = {pos={s1='werim', s2='werî', s3='were',
p1 ='werin', p2='werin', p3='werin'},
neg={s1='neyêm', s2='neyêyî', s3='neyê',
p1='neyên', p2='neyên', p3='neyên'}
},
}
reh['ç'] = {
'çûn',
stem = 'present',
imp = {pos = {s1='here', s2='herin'},
neg1= {s1='mere', s2='merin'},
neg2= {s1='nere', s2='nerin'},
},
indPresent = {pos={s1='terim', s2='terî', s3='tere',
p1 ='terin', p2='terin', p3='terin'},
neg={s1='narim', s2='nerî', s3='nare',
p1='narin', p2='narin', p3='narin'}
},
indFuture = {pos={s1='herim', s2='herî', s3='here',
p1 ='herin', p2='herin', p3='herin'},
neg={s1='nerim', s2='nerî', s3='nere',
p1='nerin', p2='nerin', p3='nerin'}
},
}
reh['anî'] = {
'anîn',
stem = 'borî',
di = 'di', -- (d → di)
}
reh['axiv'] = {
'axivîn',
stem = 'present',
bi = 'bi', -- (b → di)
di = 'di', -- (d → di)
}
reh['axivî'] = {
'axivîn',
stem ='borî',
bi = 'bi',
di = 'di',
}
reh['afirîn'] = {
'afirîn',
stem = 'present',
di = 'di',
}
reh['şêr'] = {
'veşartin',
stem = 'present',
bi = '',
}
reh['nas'] = {
'nasîn',
stem='present',
na = 'na', -- (ni → na)
}
reh['vavêr'] = {
'vavartin',
stem = 'present',
na = 'na', -- (ni → na)
}
return reh
3lt1xjfawygxfq21rpgyp4k0z7dia8o
hesab pirsîn
0
642678
6237415
6237188
2026-06-11T09:36:42Z
Bikarhêner
3719
6237415
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Bilêvkirin ===
* {{ku-kîte}}
=== Lêker ===
{{ku-tewîn-lk|hesab pirsîn|form=gerguhêz|niha=pirs|borî=pirsî|pêşgir=hesab|valahî=erê}}
{{lêker|ku|c=h-gh|nd=hesabpirsîn}}
# Ji bo [[heyf]]ê yan jî çêbûna dozekê [[hewl dan]].
#: {{mk|ku|Li me hesab dipirsî li navrasta rêyê.}}
#: {{mk|ku|Tu '''hesaba''' kê '''dipirsî''' îşev?}}
#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
Ji {{heve|ku|hesab|pirsîn}}.
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fr}}: {{W+|fr|demander des comptes}}
* {{Z|tr}}: {{W+|tr|hesap sormak}}
{{werger-bin}}
k8qor6zffomnu4teh0r3zy63l5o4ls3
Tewandin:êşandin
106
673994
6237387
4524005
2026-06-11T05:45:03Z
Ghybu
1393
6237387
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{ku-tewandin|êşandin|form=gerguhêz|niha=êşîn|borî=êşand|bi=bi|di=di}}
sqntg4yq6pfe4tswiuby15cncbcijix
Tewandin:elimandin
106
730278
6237389
4522191
2026-06-11T05:48:05Z
Ghybu
1393
6237389
wikitext
text/x-wiki
{{ku-tewandin|elimandin|form=gerguhêz|niha=elimîn|borî=elimand|bi=bi}}
cxjk1apkx7c25wsuzvoxtsg1b3icwwu
Şablon:en-tewîn-lk
10
826839
6237361
6237321
2026-06-10T19:46:16Z
Ghybu
1393
sererast kirin
6237361
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<includeonly>{| class="wikitable tablo-flip" colspan="3" style="width:250px; background-color:white;"
|+ {{#ifeq:{{{form|}}}|awarte|Lêkera awarte}}
! style="width: 120px;" | Dem
! colspan="2" | Form
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap;" | Rader
| colspan="2" | to <b>{{PAGENAME}}</b>
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap;" | Nihaya sade
|-
| <small style="white-space:nowrap;"> he, she, it</small>
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{n3y}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{n3y}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" | Boriya sade
| colspan="2" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{b}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b}}}}}|reng=red|preload={{#ifeq:{{{b}}}|{{{pb}}}|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload2|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload}}|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}}}{{#if:{{{b2|}}}|<br> {{preload|girêdan={{{b2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}}}{{#if:{{{b3|}}}|<br> {{preload|girêdan={{{b3}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b3}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}}}
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" | Partîsîpa borî
| colspan="2" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb}}}}}|preload={{#ifeq:{{{b}}}|{{{pb}}}|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload2|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload}}|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}{{#if:{{{pb2|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa borî/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}{{#if:{{{pb3|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb3}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb3}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa borî/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}
|-
{{#if:{{{pn|}}}|
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" {{!}} Partîsîpa niha
{{!}} colspan="2" {{!}} {{preload2|girêdan={{{pn}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pn}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}{{#if:{{{pn2|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pn2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pn2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}
}}
|}{{#ifeq:{{{form|}}}|awarte|[[Kategorî:Lêkerên awarte bi inglîzî]]}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{belgekirin}}</noinclude>
03ao6b2hlfvld5tmza2l9ltz7wia5vc
6237362
6237361
2026-06-10T19:47:31Z
Ghybu
1393
6237362
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<includeonly>{| class="wikitable tablo-flip" colspan="3" style="width:250px; background-color:white;"
|+ {{#ifeq:{{{form|}}}|awarte|Lêkera awarte}}
! style="width: 120px;" | Dem
! colspan="2" | Form
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap;" | Rader
| colspan="2" | to <b>{{zim|en|{{PAGENAME}}}}</b>
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap;" | Nihaya sade
|-
| <small style="white-space:nowrap;"> he, she, it</small>
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{n3y}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{n3y}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" | Boriya sade
| colspan="2" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{b}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b}}}}}|reng=red|preload={{#ifeq:{{{b}}}|{{{pb}}}|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload2|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload}}|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}}}{{#if:{{{b2|}}}|<br> {{preload|girêdan={{{b2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}}}{{#if:{{{b3|}}}|<br> {{preload|girêdan={{{b3}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b3}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}}}
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" | Partîsîpa borî
| colspan="2" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb}}}}}|preload={{#ifeq:{{{b}}}|{{{pb}}}|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload2|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload}}|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}{{#if:{{{pb2|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa borî/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}{{#if:{{{pb3|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb3}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb3}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa borî/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}
|-
{{#if:{{{pn|}}}|
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" {{!}} Partîsîpa niha
{{!}} colspan="2" {{!}} {{preload2|girêdan={{{pn}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pn}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}{{#if:{{{pn2|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pn2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pn2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}
}}
|}{{#ifeq:{{{form|}}}|awarte|[[Kategorî:Lêkerên awarte bi inglîzî]]}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{belgekirin}}</noinclude>
79ikkvmqk1jjdautbpfrp08hv93ei8o
6237363
6237362
2026-06-10T19:48:05Z
Ghybu
1393
6237363
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<includeonly>{| class="wikitable tablo-flip" colspan="3" style="width:250px; background-color:white;"
|+ {{#ifeq:{{{form|}}}|awarte|Lêkera awarte}}
! style="width: 120px;" | Dem
! colspan="2" | Form
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap;" | Rader
| colspan="2" | {{zim|en|to}} <b>{{zim|en|{{PAGENAME}}}}</b>
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap;" | Nihaya sade
|-
| <small style="white-space:nowrap;"> he, she, it</small>
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{n3y}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{n3y}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" | Boriya sade
| colspan="2" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{b}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b}}}}}|reng=red|preload={{#ifeq:{{{b}}}|{{{pb}}}|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload2|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload}}|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}}}{{#if:{{{b2|}}}|<br> {{preload|girêdan={{{b2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}}}{{#if:{{{b3|}}}|<br> {{preload|girêdan={{{b3}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b3}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}}}
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" | Partîsîpa borî
| colspan="2" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb}}}}}|preload={{#ifeq:{{{b}}}|{{{pb}}}|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload2|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload}}|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}{{#if:{{{pb2|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa borî/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}{{#if:{{{pb3|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb3}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb3}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa borî/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}
|-
{{#if:{{{pn|}}}|
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" {{!}} Partîsîpa niha
{{!}} colspan="2" {{!}} {{preload2|girêdan={{{pn}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pn}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}{{#if:{{{pn2|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pn2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pn2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}
}}
|}{{#ifeq:{{{form|}}}|awarte|[[Kategorî:Lêkerên awarte bi inglîzî]]}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{belgekirin}}</noinclude>
3uy2r4did1femign2fb6u3q0uctzlc2
6237365
6237363
2026-06-10T19:49:31Z
Ghybu
1393
6237365
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<includeonly>{| class="wikitable tablo-flip" colspan="3" style="width:250px; background-color:white;"
|+ {{#ifeq:{{{form|}}}|awarte|Lêkera awarte}}
! style="width: 120px;" | Dem
! colspan="2" | Form
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap;" | Rader
| colspan="2" | {{zim|en|to}} <b>{{zim|en|{{PAGENAME}}}}</b>
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap;" | Nihaya sade
|-
| <small style="white-space:nowrap;"> {{zim|en|he, she, it}}</small>
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{n3y}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{n3y}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" | Boriya sade
| colspan="2" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{b}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b}}}}}|reng=red|preload={{#ifeq:{{{b}}}|{{{pb}}}|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload2|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload}}|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}}}{{#if:{{{b2|}}}|<br> {{preload|girêdan={{{b2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}}}{{#if:{{{b3|}}}|<br> {{preload|girêdan={{{b3}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b3}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}}}
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" | Partîsîpa borî
| colspan="2" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb}}}}}|preload={{#ifeq:{{{b}}}|{{{pb}}}|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload2|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload}}|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}{{#if:{{{pb2|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa borî/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}{{#if:{{{pb3|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb3}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb3}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa borî/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}
|-
{{#if:{{{pn|}}}|
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" {{!}} Partîsîpa niha
{{!}} colspan="2" {{!}} {{preload2|girêdan={{{pn}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pn}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}{{#if:{{{pn2|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pn2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pn2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}
}}
|}{{#ifeq:{{{form|}}}|awarte|[[Kategorî:Lêkerên awarte bi inglîzî]]}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{belgekirin}}</noinclude>
4qqxj5qgxwyic0ag74ziq9rjr9q9g4d
6237366
6237365
2026-06-10T20:05:11Z
Ghybu
1393
kat.
6237366
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<includeonly>{| class="wikitable tablo-flip" colspan="3" style="width:250px; background-color:white;"
|+ {{#ifeq:{{{form|}}}|awarte|Lêkera awarte}}
! style="width: 120px;" | Dem
! colspan="2" | Form
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap;" | Rader
| colspan="2" | {{zim|en|to}} <b>{{zim|en|{{PAGENAME}}}}</b>
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap;" | Nihaya sade
|-
| <small style="white-space:nowrap;"> {{zim|en|he, she, it}}</small>
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{n3y}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{n3y}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" | Boriya sade
| colspan="2" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{b}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b}}}}}|reng=red|preload={{#ifeq:{{{b}}}|{{{pb}}}|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload2|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload}}|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}}}{{#if:{{{b2|}}}|<br> {{preload|girêdan={{{b2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}}}{{#if:{{{b3|}}}|<br> {{preload|girêdan={{{b3}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b3}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}}}
|-
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" | Partîsîpa borî
| colspan="2" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb}}}}}|preload={{#ifeq:{{{b}}}|{{{pb}}}|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload2|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload}}|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}{{#if:{{{pb2|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa borî/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}{{#if:{{{pb3|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb3}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb3}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa borî/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}
|-
{{#if:{{{pn|}}}|
! style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" {{!}} Partîsîpa niha
{{!}} colspan="2" {{!}} {{preload2|girêdan={{{pn}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pn}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}{{#if:{{{pn2|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pn2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pn2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}
}}
|}{{#ifeq:{{{form|}}}|awarte|[[Kategorî:Lêkerên awarte bi {{navê zimanî|en}}]]}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{belgekirin}}</noinclude>
0bklqul477r92nmoirexwzx8wv7l9l2
6237367
6237366
2026-06-10T20:23:42Z
Ghybu
1393
6237367
wikitext
text/x-wiki
<includeonly>{| class="wikitable tablo-flip" colspan="3" style="width:250px; background-color:white;"
|+ {{#ifeq:{{{form|}}}|awarte|Lêkera awarte}}
! style="width: 120px;" | Dem
! colspan="2" | Form
|-
! class="row-flip" style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap;" | Rader
| colspan="2" | {{zim|en|to}} <b>{{zim|en|{{PAGENAME}}}}</b>
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" class="row-flip" style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap;" | Nihaya sade
|-
| <small style="white-space:nowrap;"> {{zim|en|he, she, it}}</small>
| style="white-space:nowrap;" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{n3y}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{n3y}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}
|-
! class="row-flip" style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" | Boriya sade
| colspan="2" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{b}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b}}}}}|reng=red|preload={{#ifeq:{{{b}}}|{{{pb}}}|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload2|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload}}|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}}}{{#if:{{{b2|}}}|<br> {{preload|girêdan={{{b2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}}}{{#if:{{{b3|}}}|<br> {{preload|girêdan={{{b3}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{b3}}}}}|preload=Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}}}
|-
! class="row-flip" style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" | Partîsîpa borî
| colspan="2" | {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb}}}}}|preload={{#ifeq:{{{b}}}|{{{pb}}}|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload2|Şablon:en-dema-borî-sade/preload}}|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}{{#if:{{{pb2|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa borî/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}{{#if:{{{pb3|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pb3}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pb3}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa borî/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}
|-
{{#if:{{{pn|}}}|
! class="row-flip" style="background-color: #f4f4f4; white-space:nowrap" {{!}} Partîsîpa niha
{{!}} colspan="2" {{!}} {{preload2|girêdan={{{pn}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pn}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}}{{#if:{{{pn2|}}}|<br> {{preload2|girêdan={{{pn2}}}|nivîs={{zim|en|{{{pn2}}}}}|preload=Şablon:partîsîpa niha/preload|kod=en|peyv={{PAGENAME}}|reng=red}} }}
}}
|}{{#ifeq:{{{form|}}}|awarte|[[Kategorî:Lêkerên awarte bi {{navê zimanî|en}}]]}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{belgekirin}}</noinclude>
dtiyz9gu8eili7oqoynx9cp72afu8ql
Tewandin:hilhatin
106
839177
6237393
4522510
2026-06-11T05:55:19Z
Ghybu
1393
6237393
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== Reh ==
;Rehên dema niha:
* ['''hil-ê-''']
* [hil-hê-]
== Tabloya tewandinê ==
{{ku-tewandin|hilhatin|form=negerguhêz|niha=ê|borî=hat|pêşgir=hil}}
4kdyla70qjhy58shpd305x7yv81xqm9
Modul:ku-tewandin/ceribandin
828
1356654
6237382
6237322
2026-06-11T04:49:35Z
Ghybu
1393
6237382
Scribunto
text/plain
-- Modula tewandina lêkerên kurmancî
local export = {}
-- Load irregular forms table
-- local irreg = require('Module:ku-tewandin/nestandard')
local langKu = require("Modul:languages").getByCode("ku")
local link = require('Module:links').language_link
local shallowCopy = require("Module:table/shallowCopy")
local deepCopy = require("Module:table/deepCopy")
-- =============================================================================
-- Pronouns in Kurmanji
-- =============================================================================
export.order = {"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1", "p2", "p3"}
export.pronouns = {
s1 = "ez", p1 = "em",
s2 = "tu", p2 = "hûn",
s3 = "ew", p3 = "ew"
}
export.obliquePronouns = {
s1 = "min", p1 = "me",
s2 = "te", p2 = "we",
s3 = "wê/wî", p3 = "wan"
}
export.agents = {
s1 = "te, wî, wê, we, wan", p1 = "te, wî, wê, we, wan",
s2 = "min, wî, wê, me, wan", p2 = "min, wî, wê, me, wan",
s3 = "min, te, wî, wê, me, we, wan", p3 = "min, te, wî, wê, me, we, wan"
}
-- Oblique pronoun (green)
export.obliquePronounsGreen = {
s1 = '<span style="color:green">min</span>',
s2 = '<span style="color:green">te</span>',
s3 = '<span style="color:green">wê/wî</span>',
p1 = '<span style="color:green">me</span>',
p2 = '<span style="color:green">we</span>',
p3 = '<span style="color:green">wan</span>'
}
-- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- 1) This function returns correct subject/agent pronoun, ergativity rule:
-- - Transitive verbs in past tenses → oblique pronoun (green) = agent
-- - All other cases → direct pronoun (no color) = subject
-- 2) Also add the subjunctive prefix "(bila)"
-- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
function export.conjPronouns(stemType, mode, isTransitive)
local pronouns = shallowCopy(export.pronouns)
-- Ergativity in kurdish: transitive verbs that are conjugated with the past tense stem are
-- conjugated according to the object, not the subject.
-- Therefore, to have an ergative construction,
-- the verb must be transitive and its stem must be the stem of the past tense.
local isErgative = isTransitive and (stemType == 'past')
-- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ...
-- If it's not ergative, we use normal pronouns: "ez", "tu", ...
if isErgative then
pronouns = shallowCopy(export.obliquePronounsGreen)
end
-- For the subjunctive mood, we add "(bila)" at the beginning.
if mode == 'subjunctive' then
local subjPrefix = '<span style="color:gray">(bila)</span>'
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
pronouns[pers] = subjPrefix .. ' ' .. pronouns[pers]
end
end
return pronouns
end
-- =============================================================================
-- VERBAL STRUCTURE IN THE INFINITIVE:
-- Verbs in the infinitive appear in three main forms:
-- 1) Simple verb (indivisible light verb):
-- - ex.: "kirin", "çûn", "xwarin", ...
-- 2) Verbs with preverbs (preverb + simple verb):
-- - ex.: "rakirin" (ra- + kirin), "çêkirin" (çê- + kirin), "vexwarin" (ve- + xwarin), ...
-- - Preverb verbs don't use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê rakim , ew ê rake , ...)
-- 3) Compound verbs, construction with non-verbal element (the noun is not attached to the verb):
-- - Left of the simple verb: "hez kirin" ("hez" + "kirin"), "li dar xistin" ("li dar" + "xistin"), ...
-- - Right of the simple verb: "kirin der" ("kirin" + "der"), "girtin ser xwe" ("girtin" + "ser xwe"), ...
-- - Compound verbs use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê hez bi-kim , ew ê hez bi-ke )
-- STRUCTURE: preSimpleVerb + spacing + simpleVerb + postSimpleVerb
-- EX. kirin: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb=''
-- rakirin: preSimpleVerb='ra'; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb=''
-- hez kirin: preSimpleVerb='hez'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb=''
-- pev çûn: preSimpleVerb='pev'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='çûn'; postSimpleVerb=''
-- kirin der: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='der'
-- WARNING: Conjugation can vary depending on the type of verb.
-- For example, in the future tense,the prefix "bi" is used for compound verbs,
-- but not for preverbal verbs, see the function that manages it "tenseRules" table.
-- This table does not yet support the mixed case: a verb composed of a noun and a preverb verb.
-- =============================================================================
function export.verbStruct(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb)
local struct
if (preSimpleVerb and preSimpleVerb ~= '' and not isCompoundVerb) then
struct = 'preverbVerb'
elseif isCompoundVerb then
struct = 'compoundVerb'
else
struct = 'simpleVerb'
end
return struct
end
-- ================================================================
-- INFLECTIONAL ENDINGS
-- Assigns verb inflectional endings (suffixes) to all tenses
-- ================================================================
local getEndings = {}
do
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Ending using present stem
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
getEndings['present'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local ends = {}
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then
ends['std'] = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'}
ends['rojhilatî'] = {s1='m', s2='(y)', s3='t', p1='yn', p2='n', p3='n'}
else
ends['std'] = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='e', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'}
ends['rojhilatî'] = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='<u>it</u>/ît', p1='în', p2='in', p3='in'}
end
return ends
end
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Ind. preterite + ind. imperfect ending
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
getEndings['past'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local ends
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiouû]$') then
ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'}
elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then
-- if self.name == 'indImperfect' then
-- -- special indicative ind. imperfect rule
-- ends = {s1='yam', s2='yayî', s3='ya', p1='yan', p2='yan', p3='yan'}
-- end
ends = {s1='m', s2='', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'}
else
ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'}
end
return ends
end
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Compound endings with auxiliary "bûn"
-- Inflectional endings are created by taking the different forms of the
-- verb "bûn" (with present stem "-b-" and past stem "-bû-") and
-- adding an "i-" prefix before them: "i-b-im", "i-bû-m", "i-bû-me", "i-bû-ma".
-- This "i-" varies according to the final letter of the verb stem.
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
local function normalize_i(stem)
local prfx_i = "i"
if mw.ustring.match(stem, "ya$") or
mw.ustring.match(stem, "[îû]$") then -- cf. karîn (-karî-)
prfx_i = ""
elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiou]$') then
prfx_i = "yi"
end
return prfx_i
end
getEndings['ibim'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem)
return {
s1 = prfx_i .. "bim", p1 = prfx_i .. "bin",
s2 = prfx_i .. "bî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bin",
s3 = prfx_i .. "be", p3 = prfx_i .. "bin"
}
end
getEndings['ibûm'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem)
return {
s1 = prfx_i .. "bûm", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûn",
s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûn",
s3 = prfx_i .. "bû", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûn"
}
end
getEndings['ibûme'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem)
return {
s1 = prfx_i .. "bûme", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûne",
s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyiye", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûne",
s3 = prfx_i .. "bûye", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûne"
}
end
getEndings['ibûma'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem)
return {
s1 = prfx_i .. "bûma", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûna",
s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyayî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûna",
s3 = prfx_i .. "bûya", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûna"
}
end
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Ind. perfect ending.
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
getEndings['ime'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local ends
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then
ends = {s1="me", s2="yî", s3="ye", p1="ne", p2="ne", p3="ne"}
else
ends = {s1="ime", s2="iyî", s3="iye", p1="ine", p2="ine", p3="ine"}
end
return ends
end
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Subj. Imperfect ending.
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
getEndings['ama'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local ends
-- The doublet in "-iyan" of verbs in -"în" (gerîn/-geriya-, kenîn/-keniya-, ...),
-- in the conditional and subjunctive moods, a doublet "yaya" appears; it's removed.
-- -yayayî → -yayî; -yaya → -ya
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '(ya)$') then
ends = {s1="ma", s2="yî", s3="", p1="na", p2="na", p3="na"}
elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then
ends = {s1="ma", s2="yayî", s3="ya", p1="na", p2="na", p3="na"}
else
ends = {s1="ama", s2="ayî", s3="a", p1="ana", p2="ana", p3="ana"}
end
return ends
end
end
-- =============================================================================
-- RULES FOR PREVERBS: "bi-" and "di-"
-- There are two preverbs: "bi-" and "di-". These preverbs can change form
-- depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem.
-- =============================================================================
local getPreverb = {}
do
getPreverb['bi'] = function (self, opts)
opts = opts or {}
local stem = opts.stem
local verbStruct = opts.verbStruct
local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi
local accent = opts.accent
-- Devoka rojhilatî:
-- @Ferhengvan: Dema bêt bi lêkera alîkar "ê / dê" û bi rehê lêkerê yê
-- dema niha û pêşgirên kesî tê çêkirin. Pêşgira "bi-" li destpêka lêkera
-- serekî nîne: - ez ê / dê xw-im (standard: ez ê/dê bi-xw-im).
if (self.name == 'indFuture' and accent == 'rojhilatî') then
return ''
end
-- Preverb verbs don't use the preverb "bi-": ra-kirin (ez ê rakim), ve-xwarin (ez ê vexwim) , ...
-- But compound verb and simple verbs use it: hez kirin (ez ê hez bi-kim), lê bigirin (ez ê lê bi-girim), ...
if (verbStruct == 'preverbVerb') then
return ''
end
if overrideBi then return overrideBi end
-- if irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] end
-- Modification of the preverbe "bi-" according to the last letter of the stem.
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[aeêiîouû]') then
return 'b'
end
return 'bi'
end
getPreverb['di'] = function (self, opts)
-- self: reserved for future use
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
opts = opts or {}
local stem = opts.stem
local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi
if overrideDi then return overrideDi end
-- if irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] end
-- Modification of the preverbe "di-" according to the last letter of the stem.
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[ai]') then
return 'd'
end
-- Ex. hatin : stem = -ê- // ez têm
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[êî]') then
return 't'
end
return 'di'
end
end
-- =============================================================================
-- RULES FOR NEGATION PREFIXES: "na-" and "ne-"
-- There are two negation prefixes: "na-" and "ne-". These preverbs can change
-- form depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem.
-- =============================================================================
local getNegPrefix = {}
do
getNegPrefix['na'] = function (opts)
opts = opts or {}
local stem = opts.stem
local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa
if overrideNa then return '<b>' .. overrideNa .. '</b>' end
-- if irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] end
-- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels.
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then
return '<b>nay</b>'
end
-- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e").
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then
return '<b>n</b>'
end
-- Tîpa duyem "-a-" ye (k-a-rîn, z-a-nîn, ...)
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^%wa') then
return '<b>ni</b>'
end
return '<b>na</b>'
end
getNegPrefix['ne'] = function (opts)
opts = opts or {}
local stem = opts.stem
local tenseName = opts.tenseName
local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm
local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe
if overrideNe then return '<b>' .. overrideNe .. '</b>' end
-- if irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] end
local negPrefix = 'ne'
-- There are two forms of construction of the imperative,
-- one with the prefix "me-" and the other with the prefix "ne-".
if (tenseName == 'impPresent') then
negPrefix = (impNegForm == 2) and 'ne' or 'me'
end
-- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels.
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then
return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. 'y</b>'
end
-- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e").
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then
negPrefix = mw.ustring.sub(negPrefix, 1, -2)
return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>'
end
return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>'
end
end
-- =============================================================================
-- Standardization of the PREVERBAL PARTICLE
-- The proverbial particle "ê" is placed after the personal pronoun.
-- =============================================================================
-- If there are no verbal preparticles, return empty table.
function export.getPreverbParticules(preverbParticle, typeStem, isTransitive)
if not preverbParticle then
return {s1='', s2='', s3='', p1='', p2='', p3=''}
end
if preverbParticle == 'ê' then
local isErgative = isTransitive and (typeStem == 'past')
-- When the personal pronoun ends in a vowel, a "y-" is added before "ê".
-- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ...
if isErgative then
return {s1='ê/dê', s2='yê/dê', s3='yê/dê', p1='yê/dê', p2='yê/dê', p3='ê/dê'}
else
return {s1='ê/dê', s2='yê/dê', s3='ê/dê', p1='ê/dê', p2='ê/dê', p3='ê/dê'}
end
end
-- If the verbal preparticle is identical for all pronouns,
-- we create a table with the same value.
local preverbParticles = {}
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
preverbParticles[pers] = preverbParticle
end
return preverbParticles
end
-- =============================================================================
-- RULES FOR CONSTRUCTING EACH VERB TENSE
-- This table lists, for each verb tense, what elements are required to form it:
-- - Verb conjugation is built by placing either the preverb "bi-" or "di-" before
-- the verb stem (past or present), followed by a personal ending.
-- - For the negative form, one of the prefixes "na-" or "ne-" is added as well.
-- - In some cases, a preverbal particle such as /ê/ or /dê/ is added before
-- the conjugated verb as well.
-- Not: - The "negPreverb" (preverb (bi-/di-) for negative tenses) parameter has a
-- value different from "nil" only for the Imperfect tense ("negPreverb=di").
-- - The parameter "negPrefix=na" is used only for the present indicative.
--
-- Preverb "di", used in: "indPresent"(present stem), "indImperfect"(past stem)
-- - Bo neyînî: pêşgira "di-" tenê di nav dema "IndImperfect" de tê bikaranîn.
-- Preverb "bi", used in: "indFuture"(present stem), "subPresent"(present stem),
-- "subImperfect"(past stem) = "condPresent"(past stem)
-- - The prefix "bi-" isn't used in negative forms.
--
-- Present stem, used in: "indPresent"(di)(na),
-- "indFuture"(bi)(ne) = "subPresent"(bi)(ne)
--
-- Past stem, used in: "indPreterite"(-)(ne), "indImperfect"(di)(ne), "indPluperfect"(-)(ne),
-- "indPerfect"(-)(ne), "indNwPluperfect"(-)(ne), "indFuturePerfect"(-)(ne),
-- "subPreterite"(-)(ne),
-- "subImperfect"(bi)(ne) = "condPresent"(bi)(ne),
-- "subPluperfect"(-)(ne) = "condPreterite"(-)(ne)
-- =============================================================================
-- Some conjugations are identical except that they differ only in the preverbal particle (/ê/, /dê/).
-- So, to avoid repeating the same information (and thus risking errors),
-- we establish the common part shared between these verbs.
local sharedTenseRules = {
indFuture = {
stem = "present",
preverb = getPreverb['bi'],
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['present']
},
indFuturePerfect = {
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ibim']
},
subImperfect = {
stem = "past",
preverb = getPreverb['bi'],
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ama']
},
subPluperfect = {
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ibûma']
}
}
local mt = {
__index = function(t, k)
local commonRules = t._commonRules
if commonRules then return commonRules[k] end
end
}
-- TENSES CONJUGATION RULES
export.tenseRules = {
-- IMPERATIVE MOOD
impPresent = setmetatable({
name = "impPresent",
nameKu = "raweya fermanî",
nameEn = "present imperative",
mode = "imperative",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuture,
preverbParticle = nil
}, mt),
-- INDICATIVE MOOD
indPresent = {
name = "indPresent",
nameKu = "dema niha",
nameEn = "present",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "present",
preverb = getPreverb['di'],
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['na'],
endings = getEndings['present'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indPreterite = {
name = "indPreterite",
nameKu = "raboriya sade",
nameEn = "simple past",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['past'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indImperfect = {
name = "indImperfect",
nameKu = "raboriya berdest",
nameEn = "Imperfect",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = getPreverb['di'],
negPreverb = getPreverb['di'],
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['past'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indPluperfect = {
name = "indPluperfect",
nameKu = "raboriya dûr",
nameEn = "pluperfect",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ibûm'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indFuture = setmetatable({
name = "indFuture",
nameKu = "dema bê",
nameEn = "future",
mode = "indicative",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuture,
preverbParticle = 'ê'
}, mt),
indFuturePerfect = setmetatable({
name = "indFuturePerfect",
nameKu = "dahatiya pêş",
nameEn = "future perfect",
mode = "indicative",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuturePerfect,
preverbParticle = 'ê'
}, mt),
-- In some books, the "perfect" and "nonconfirmative pluperfect" tenses
-- are classified in the "inferential mood" ("moda neşahidî").
-- Currently we classify them using the indicative mood (at the end).
indPerfect = {
name = "indPerfect",
nameKu = "raboriya dûdar",
nameEn = "perfect",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ime'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indNwPluperfect = {
name = "indNwPluperfect",
nameKu = "çîrokiya boriya dûdar",
nameEn = "non-witnessed pluperfect",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ibûme'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
-- SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
subjPresent = setmetatable({
name = "subjPresent",
nameKu = "dema nihaya xwestekî",
nameEn = "present subjunctive",
mode = "subjunctive",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuture,
preverbParticle = nil
}, mt),
subjPreterite = setmetatable({
name = "subjPreterite",
nameKu = "dema boriya xwestekî",
nameEn = "preterite subjunctive",
mode = "subjunctive",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuturePerfect,
preverbParticle = nil,
}, mt),
subjImperfect = setmetatable({
name = "subjImperfect",
nameKu = "raboriya bilaniyê",
nameEn = "imperfect subjunctive",
mode = "subjunctive",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.subImperfect,
preverbParticle = nil,
}, mt),
subjPluperfect = setmetatable({
name = "subjPluperfect",
nameKu = "raboriya dûr a bilaniyê",
nameEn = "pluperfect subjunctive",
mode = "subjunctive",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.subPluperfect,
preverbParticle = nil
}, mt),
-- CONDITIONAL MOOD
condPresent = setmetatable({
name = "condPresent",
nameKu = "çîrokiya dema nihaya mercî",
nameEn = "present conditional",
mode = "conditional",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.subImperfect,
preverbParticle = 'ê'
}, mt),
condPreterite = setmetatable({
name = "condPreterite",
nameKu = "dema boriya mercî",
nameEn = "preterite conditional",
mode = "conditional",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.subPluperfect,
preverbParticle = 'ê'
}, mt),
}
-- =============================================================================
-- MAIN CONJUGATION FUNCTOIN
-- This function returns an array containing the conjugation table for a given
-- tense as well as other information about the conjugated verb.
-- =============================================================================
function export.conjugate(opts)
opts = opts or {}
-- Required parameters
local tense = opts.tense or error("'tense' required", 2)
--One of the two parameters is required:
-- - If the tense uses the present stem, indicate "presentStem".
-- - If it uses the past stem, indicate "pastStem".
local presentStem = opts.presentStem
local pastStem = opts.pastStem
-- Optional parameters
local isTransitive = opts.isTransitive or false -- Indicate if the verb is transitive (true/false)
local isNegative = opts.isNegative or false -- Indicate if it's the negative form (true/false)
local isCompoundVerb = opts.isCompoundVerb or false -- Indicate if it's a compound verb (true/false)
local preSimpleVerb = opts.preSimpleVerb or '' -- The part before the simple verb
local postSimpleVerb = opts.postSimpleVerb or '' -- The part after the simple verb
-- These parameters are provided when the verb is irregular.
-- Allows you to manually modify preverbs ("bi-"" or "di-")
-- and negation prefixes ("na-" or "ne-")
local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi or nil
local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi or nil
local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa or nil
local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe or nil
-- By default, the negation of the imperative is constructed from the prefix "me-"".
-- To obtain the second variant, the prefix with "ne-", you must specify "impNegForm=2".
local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm or nil
-- Accent/ Devok
local accent = opts.accent or 'std'
-- If "tags='na'", remove links/tags
local tags = opts.tags or 'erê'
-- If addPreverbParticles='na', remove preverb particles (ê/dê) before
-- the conjugated verbs.
local addPreverbParticles = opts.addPreverbParticles or 'erê'
-- We add a space to the left of the "postSimpleVerb" because it shouldn't be attached
-- to the simple verb.
if (postSimpleVerb ~= '' and postSimpleVerb ~=nil) then
postSimpleVerb = ' ' .. postSimpleVerb
end
-- Access to the classification table and retrieval of verb tense parameters
local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseRules[tense], 'copy') or false
-- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseRules".
if (not infoTense) then
return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>'
end
-- We check that one of the two parameters of the stem is given
if (infoTense.stem == 'present' and not presentStem) then
return '<span style="color:red">presentStem parameter required</span>'
elseif (infoTense.stem == 'past' and not pastStem) then
return '<span style="color:red">pasttStem parameter required</span>'
end
-- Choice between the present stem or past stem
local stem = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStem or pastStem
--────────────────────────────
-- Conjugation construction --
-- ───────────────────────────
local preverb = ''
local negPrefix = ''
-- Ruturns the verb type: "simpleVerb" or "preverbVerb" or "compoundVerb"
local verbStruct = export.verbStruct(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb)
if isNegative then
negPrefix = infoTense.negPrefix{stem=stem, tenseName=tense,
impNegForm=impNegForm,
overrideNa=overrideNa, overrideNe=overrideNe}
if infoTense.negPreverb then
preverb = infoTense:negPreverb{stem=stem, verbStruct=verbStruct,
overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi}
end
else
if infoTense.preverb then
preverb = infoTense:preverb{stem=stem, verbStruct=verbStruct,
overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi,
accent=accent}
end
end
--────────────────────────────
-- Lêkerin nestandard --
-- ───────────────────────────
-- çûn
if stem == 'ç' then
if tense == 'indPresent' then
if isNegative then
stem = 'r'
else
stem = 'er'
preverb = 't'
end
elseif (tense == 'impPresent' or tense == 'indFuture' or tense == 'subjPresent') then
preverb = ''
if isNegative then
stem = 'r'
else
stem = 'her'
end
end
end
-- hatin
if stem == 'ê' then
if (tense == 'impPresent' or tense == 'indFuture' or tense == 'subjPresent') then
if isNegative then
stem = 'ê'
else
preverb = ''
stem = 'wer'
end
end
end
infoTense.conj = {}
local spacing = isCompoundVerb and ' ' or ''
local endings = infoTense:endings(stem)
-- 'rojhilatî' accent (devok) for present stem
if (infoTense.stem == 'present') then
if (accent == 'rojhilatî') then
endings = endings['rojhilatî']
else
endings = endings['std']
end
end
local preverbParticles = export.getPreverbParticules(infoTense.preverbParticle, infoTense.stem, isTransitive)
local isErgative = isTransitive and (infoTense.stem == 'past')
-- Creating the conjugation table for a given tense
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
local ending
local conjSimbleVerb
local conjVerb
if isErgative then
ending = endings.s3
else
ending = endings[pers]
end
-- Adding space after the preverbal particle, and
-- if "addPreverbParticles='na'": remove preverb particles (ê/dê).
local preverbParticle = ''
if infoTense.preverbParticle and addPreverbParticles ~= 'na' then
preverbParticle = preverbParticles[pers] .. ' '
end
conjSimbleVerb = negPrefix .. preverb .. stem .. ending
-- Adding prefixe and suffixe
conjVerb = preSimpleVerb .. spacing .. conjSimbleVerb .. postSimpleVerb
-- Spelling correction(îy -> iy)
conjVerb = mw.ustring.gsub(conjVerb, 'îy', 'iy')
-- Add a link / if tags='na' no links
if tags ~= 'na' then
conjVerb = link{term=conjVerb, lang=langKu}
end
-- Addition of the preverbal particle
infoTense.conj[pers] = preverbParticle .. conjVerb
end
-- Imperative
if (infoTense.name == 'impPresent') then
infoTense.conj.s1 = nil
infoTense.conj.s2 = infoTense.conj.s3
infoTense.conj.s3 = nil
infoTense.conj.p1 = nil
-- infoTense.conj.p2 = infoTense.conj.p2
infoTense.conj.p3 = nil
end
return infoTense
end
-- =============================================================================
-- END
-- =============================================================================
-- Some useful tools
-- =============================================================================
-- Returns the list of verb tenses
export.tensesList = function()
local list = {}
for _, tense in pairs(export.tenseRules) do
table.insert(list, tense.name)
end
return list
end
-- Concatenation of pronouns and conjugated verbs
-- (for a given conjugate tense in all persons of that tense)
function export.concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, conjVerbs)
local concatTab = {}
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
concatTab[pers] = pronoms[pers] .. ' ' .. conjVerbs[pers]
end
return concatTab
end
-- =============================================================================
-- ADDITIONAL STEM OF THE PAST AND PRESENT (pastStem2, ... and presentStem2, ...)
-- This function does nothing more than add additional parameters for verb stems
-- in the past and present tenses.
-- Conjugations for the different stems will be separated by "/"
-- =============================================================================
function export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems)
local opts = baseOpts or {}
opts.tense = tense or nil
presentStems = presentStems or {}
pastStems = pastStems or {}
local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseRules[tense], 'copy') or false
-- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseRules".
if not infoTense then
return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>'
end
local stems = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStems or pastStems
-- For each verb stem, its conjugation table is calculated and stored in conjTabs.
local conjTabs = {}
for i = 1, #stems do
if stems[i] then
if (infoTense.stem == 'past') then opts.pastStem = stems[i] end
if (infoTense.stem == 'present') then opts.presentStem = stems[i] end
local conj = export.conjugate(opts).conj
table.insert(conjTabs, conj)
end
end
-- We concatenate each row of the conjugation tables.
local concatConjTabs = {}
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
local frag = {}
for i = 1, #conjTabs do
local val = conjTabs[i][pers]
if val then table.insert(frag, tostring(val)) end
end
concatConjTabs[pers] = table.concat(frag, " / ")
end
infoTense.conj = concatConjTabs
return infoTense
end
-- ====================================================================================
-- VERB CONUGATION IN ALL TENSES WITH OR WITHOUT PRONOUMS
-- ====================================================================================
function export.conjugateAllTenses(baseOpts, presentStems, pastStems, negation, concatPrs)
-- "concatPrs=false" table without pronouns
local opts = baseOpts or {}
if negation == 'negative' then opts.isNegative = true end
-- Concatenation of pronouns and conjugated verbs
local concatPronomsVerbs = export.concatPronomsVerbs
-- Tenses list
local tensesList = export.tensesList()
-- Conjugation in all tenses
local conjTab = {}
for _, tense in ipairs(tensesList) do
local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseRules[tense], 'copy')
-- We create the conjugation table without the pronouns.
conjTab[tense] = deepCopy(export.conjugateLong(opts, tense, presentStems, pastStems), 'copy')
-- We concatenate the pronouns and the verbs if "concatPrs" is different of "false"
-- No pronouns for the imperative mood
if (tense ~= 'impPresent' and concatPrs ~= false) then
local pronoms = deepCopy(export.conjPronouns(infoTense.stem, infoTense.mode, opts.isTransitive))
conjTab[tense].conj = concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, conjTab[tense].conj)
end
end
return conjTab
end
-- ====================================================================================
-- Allows you to obtain a given conjugation from a model.
-- Ex. {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent|kes=s1}}
-- See {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha}}
-- ====================================================================================
function export.tew(frame)
local args = frame:getParent().args
local baseOpts = {
isNegative = frame.args['neyînî'] or false,
isTransitive = args['form'],
isCompoundVerb = args['valahî'] or false,
preSimpleVerb = args['pêşgir'] or nil,
postSimpleVerb = args['paşgir'] or nil,
accent = args['devok'] or 'std',
tags = args['lînk'] or 'erê',
overrideBi = args['bi'] or nil,
overrideDi = args['di'] or nil,
overrideNa = args['na'] or nil,
overrideNe = args['ne'] or nil,
impNegForm = nil
}
local tense = frame.args['dem'] or nil
local pers = frame.args['kes'] or nil
local presentStems = {args['niha'], args['niha2'], args['niha3']}
local pastStems = {args['borî'], args['borî2'], args['borî3']}
-- A few checks
if (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'gerguhêz') then
baseOpts.isTransitive = true
elseif (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'negerguhêz') then
baseOpts.isTransitive = false
else
return '<span style="color:red">form = gerguhêz / negerguhêz</span>'
end
if (baseOpts.isCompoundVerb == 'erê') then
baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = true
else
baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = false
end
if (baseOpts.isNegative == 'erê') then
baseOpts.isNegative = true
end
local tabConj = export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems).conj
return tabConj[pers]
end
-- ====================================================================================
-- GET COMMMA SEPARED FORMS
-- Bnr. [[MediaWiki:Gadget-QQ.js]]
-- Ex. {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|get_comma_separated_forms|niha=kev|borî=ket}}
-- ====================================================================================
function export.get_comma_separated_forms(frame)
local opts = {
presentStem = frame.args['niha'],
pastStem = frame.args['borî'],
isTransitive = false,
isNegative = false,
isCompoundVerb = frame['valahî'] or false,
preSimpleVerb = frame['pêşgir'] or '',
postSimpleVerb = frame['paşgir'] or '',
overrideBi = frame['bi'] or nil,
overrideDi = frame['di'] or nil,
overrideNa = frame['na'] or nil,
overrideNe = frame['ne'] or nil,
impNegForm = nil,
tags = 'na', -- Remove links/tags
addPreverbParticles = 'na' -- Remove preverb particles (ê/dê)
}
local function concateList(tenseList)
local concatList = {}
for _, pers in ipairs({"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1"}) do
local tense = tenseList[pers]
table.insert(concatList, tense)
end
return table.concat(concatList, ",")
end
local tenseList = {'indPresent','indPreterite','indImperfect',
'indPluperfect','indPerfect','indNwPluperfect',
'indFuture','indFuturePerfect',
'subjImperfect','subjPluperfect'
}
local concatAllTense = {}
for i = 1, #tenseList do
local tense = tenseList[i]
if export.tenseRules[tense] then
opts.tense = tense
local conj = shallowCopy(export.conjugate(opts).conj)
local concatTense = concateList(conj)
table.insert(concatAllTense, concatTense)
end
end
return table.concat(concatAllTense, ",")
end
return export
o9mlnytt0kyp637n73s5378uj5iv294
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-- Modula tewandina lêkerên kurmancî
local export = {}
-- Load irregular forms table
-- local irreg = require('Module:ku-tewandin/nestandard')
local langKu = require("Modul:languages").getByCode("ku")
local link = require('Module:links').language_link
local shallowCopy = require("Module:table/shallowCopy")
local deepCopy = require("Module:table/deepCopy")
-- =============================================================================
-- Pronouns in Kurmanji
-- =============================================================================
export.order = {"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1", "p2", "p3"}
export.pronouns = {
s1 = "ez", p1 = "em",
s2 = "tu", p2 = "hûn",
s3 = "ew", p3 = "ew"
}
export.obliquePronouns = {
s1 = "min", p1 = "me",
s2 = "te", p2 = "we",
s3 = "wê/wî", p3 = "wan"
}
export.agents = {
s1 = "te, wî, wê, we, wan", p1 = "te, wî, wê, we, wan",
s2 = "min, wî, wê, me, wan", p2 = "min, wî, wê, me, wan",
s3 = "min, te, wî, wê, me, we, wan", p3 = "min, te, wî, wê, me, we, wan"
}
-- Oblique pronoun (green)
export.obliquePronounsGreen = {
s1 = '<span style="color:green">min</span>',
s2 = '<span style="color:green">te</span>',
s3 = '<span style="color:green">wê/wî</span>',
p1 = '<span style="color:green">me</span>',
p2 = '<span style="color:green">we</span>',
p3 = '<span style="color:green">wan</span>'
}
-- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- 1) This function returns correct subject/agent pronoun, ergativity rule:
-- - Transitive verbs in past tenses → oblique pronoun (green) = agent
-- - All other cases → direct pronoun (no color) = subject
-- 2) Also add the subjunctive prefix "(bila)"
-- ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
function export.conjPronouns(stemType, mode, isTransitive)
local pronouns = shallowCopy(export.pronouns)
-- Ergativity in kurdish: transitive verbs that are conjugated with the past tense stem are
-- conjugated according to the object, not the subject.
-- Therefore, to have an ergative construction,
-- the verb must be transitive and its stem must be the stem of the past tense.
local isErgative = isTransitive and (stemType == 'past')
-- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ...
-- If it's not ergative, we use normal pronouns: "ez", "tu", ...
if isErgative then
pronouns = shallowCopy(export.obliquePronounsGreen)
end
-- For the subjunctive mood, we add "(bila)" at the beginning.
if mode == 'subjunctive' then
local subjPrefix = '<span style="color:gray">(bila)</span>'
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
pronouns[pers] = subjPrefix .. ' ' .. pronouns[pers]
end
end
return pronouns
end
-- =============================================================================
-- VERBAL STRUCTURE IN THE INFINITIVE:
-- Verbs in the infinitive appear in three main forms:
-- 1) Simple verb (indivisible light verb):
-- - ex.: "kirin", "çûn", "xwarin", ...
-- 2) Verbs with preverbs (preverb + simple verb):
-- - ex.: "rakirin" (ra- + kirin), "çêkirin" (çê- + kirin), "vexwarin" (ve- + xwarin), ...
-- - Preverb verbs don't use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê rakim , ew ê rake , ...)
-- 3) Compound verbs, construction with non-verbal element (the noun is not attached to the verb):
-- - Left of the simple verb: "hez kirin" ("hez" + "kirin"), "li dar xistin" ("li dar" + "xistin"), ...
-- - Right of the simple verb: "kirin der" ("kirin" + "der"), "girtin ser xwe" ("girtin" + "ser xwe"), ...
-- - Compound verbs use the prefix "bi-" (ez ê hez bi-kim , ew ê hez bi-ke )
-- STRUCTURE: preSimpleVerb + spacing + simpleVerb + postSimpleVerb
-- EX. kirin: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb=''
-- rakirin: preSimpleVerb='ra'; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb=''
-- hez kirin: preSimpleVerb='hez'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb=''
-- pev çûn: preSimpleVerb='pev'; spacing=true; simpleVerb='çûn'; postSimpleVerb=''
-- kirin der: preSimpleVerb=''; spacing=false; simpleVerb='kirin'; postSimpleVerb='der'
-- WARNING: Conjugation can vary depending on the type of verb.
-- For example, in the future tense,the prefix "bi" is used for compound verbs,
-- but not for preverbal verbs, see the function that manages it "tenseRules" table.
-- This table does not yet support the mixed case: a verb composed of a noun and a preverb verb.
-- =============================================================================
function export.verbStruct(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb)
local struct
if (preSimpleVerb and preSimpleVerb ~= '' and not isCompoundVerb) then
struct = 'preverbVerb'
elseif isCompoundVerb then
struct = 'compoundVerb'
else
struct = 'simpleVerb'
end
return struct
end
-- ================================================================
-- INFLECTIONAL ENDINGS
-- Assigns verb inflectional endings (suffixes) to all tenses
-- ================================================================
local getEndings = {}
do
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Ending using present stem
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
getEndings['present'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local ends = {}
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then
ends['std'] = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'}
ends['rojhilatî'] = {s1='m', s2='(y)', s3='t', p1='yn', p2='n', p3='n'}
else
ends['std'] = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='e', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'}
ends['rojhilatî'] = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='<u>it</u>/ît', p1='în', p2='in', p3='in'}
end
return ends
end
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Ind. preterite + ind. imperfect ending
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
getEndings['past'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local ends
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiouû]$') then
ends = {s1='m', s2='yî', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'}
elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, 'î$') then
-- if self.name == 'indImperfect' then
-- -- special indicative ind. imperfect rule
-- ends = {s1='yam', s2='yayî', s3='ya', p1='yan', p2='yan', p3='yan'}
-- end
ends = {s1='m', s2='', s3='', p1='n', p2='n', p3='n'}
else
ends = {s1='im', s2='î', s3='', p1='in', p2='in', p3='in'}
end
return ends
end
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Compound endings with auxiliary "bûn"
-- Inflectional endings are created by taking the different forms of the
-- verb "bûn" (with present stem "-b-" and past stem "-bû-") and
-- adding an "i-" prefix before them: "i-b-im", "i-bû-m", "i-bû-me", "i-bû-ma".
-- This "i-" varies according to the final letter of the verb stem.
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
local function normalize_i(stem)
local prfx_i = "i"
if mw.ustring.match(stem, "ya$") or
mw.ustring.match(stem, "[îû]$") then -- cf. karîn (-karî-)
prfx_i = ""
elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiou]$') then
prfx_i = "yi"
end
return prfx_i
end
getEndings['ibim'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem)
return {
s1 = prfx_i .. "bim", p1 = prfx_i .. "bin",
s2 = prfx_i .. "bî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bin",
s3 = prfx_i .. "be", p3 = prfx_i .. "bin"
}
end
getEndings['ibûm'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem)
return {
s1 = prfx_i .. "bûm", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûn",
s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûn",
s3 = prfx_i .. "bû", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûn"
}
end
getEndings['ibûme'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem)
return {
s1 = prfx_i .. "bûme", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûne",
s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyiye", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûne",
s3 = prfx_i .. "bûye", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûne"
}
end
getEndings['ibûma'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local prfx_i = normalize_i(stem)
return {
s1 = prfx_i .. "bûma", p1 = prfx_i .. "bûna",
s2 = prfx_i .. "bûyayî", p2 = prfx_i .. "bûna",
s3 = prfx_i .. "bûya", p3 = prfx_i .. "bûna"
}
end
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Ind. perfect ending.
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
getEndings['ime'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local ends
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then
ends = {s1="me", s2="yî", s3="ye", p1="ne", p2="ne", p3="ne"}
else
ends = {s1="ime", s2="iyî", s3="iye", p1="ine", p2="ine", p3="ine"}
end
return ends
end
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
-- Subj. Imperfect ending.
-- ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
getEndings['ama'] = function(self, stem)
-- self: reserved for future use (was used before, might be needed again)
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
local ends
-- The doublet in "-iyan" of verbs in -"în" (gerîn/-geriya-, kenîn/-keniya-, ...),
-- in the conditional and subjunctive moods, a doublet "yaya" appears; it's removed.
-- -yayayî → -yayî; -yaya → -ya
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '(ya)$') then
ends = {s1="ma", s2="yî", s3="", p1="na", p2="na", p3="na"}
elseif mw.ustring.match(stem, '[aeêiîouû]$') then
ends = {s1="ma", s2="yayî", s3="ya", p1="na", p2="na", p3="na"}
else
ends = {s1="ama", s2="ayî", s3="a", p1="ana", p2="ana", p3="ana"}
end
return ends
end
end
-- =============================================================================
-- RULES FOR PREVERBS: "bi-" and "di-"
-- There are two preverbs: "bi-" and "di-". These preverbs can change form
-- depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem.
-- =============================================================================
local getPreverb = {}
do
getPreverb['bi'] = function (self, opts)
opts = opts or {}
local stem = opts.stem
local verbStruct = opts.verbStruct
local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi
local accent = opts.accent
-- Devoka rojhilatî:
-- @Ferhengvan: Dema bêt bi lêkera alîkar "ê / dê" û bi rehê lêkerê yê
-- dema niha û pêşgirên kesî tê çêkirin. Pêşgira "bi-" li destpêka lêkera
-- serekî nîne: - ez ê / dê xw-im (standard: ez ê/dê bi-xw-im).
if (self.name == 'indFuture' and accent == 'rojhilatî') then
return ''
end
-- Preverb verbs don't use the preverb "bi-": ra-kirin (ez ê rakim), ve-xwarin (ez ê vexwim) , ...
-- But compound verb and simple verbs use it: hez kirin (ez ê hez bi-kim), lê bigirin (ez ê lê bi-girim), ...
if (verbStruct == 'preverbVerb') then
return ''
end
if overrideBi then return overrideBi end
-- if irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikBi[stem] end
-- Modification of the preverbe "bi-" according to the last letter of the stem.
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[aeêiîouû]') then
return 'b'
end
return 'bi'
end
getPreverb['di'] = function (self, opts)
-- self: reserved for future use
local _ = self -- delete the warning (unused argument)
opts = opts or {}
local stem = opts.stem
local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi
if overrideDi then return overrideDi end
-- if irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikDi[stem] end
-- Modification of the preverbe "di-" according to the last letter of the stem.
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[ai]') then
return 'd'
end
-- Ex. hatin : stem = -ê- // ez têm
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[êî]') then
return 't'
end
return 'di'
end
end
-- =============================================================================
-- RULES FOR NEGATION PREFIXES: "na-" and "ne-"
-- There are two negation prefixes: "na-" and "ne-". These preverbs can change
-- form depending on the first letters of the verb’s present stem or past stem.
-- =============================================================================
local getNegPrefix = {}
do
getNegPrefix['na'] = function (opts)
opts = opts or {}
local stem = opts.stem
local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa
if overrideNa then return '<b>' .. overrideNa .. '</b>' end
-- if irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNa[stem] end
-- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels.
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then
return '<b>nay</b>'
end
-- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e").
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then
return '<b>n</b>'
end
-- Tîpa duyem "-a-" ye (k-a-rîn, z-a-nîn, ...)
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^%wa') then
return '<b>ni</b>'
end
return '<b>na</b>'
end
getNegPrefix['ne'] = function (opts)
opts = opts or {}
local stem = opts.stem
local tenseName = opts.tenseName
local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm
local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe
if overrideNe then return '<b>' .. overrideNe .. '</b>' end
-- if irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] then return irreg.dijrezikNe[stem] end
local negPrefix = 'ne'
-- There are two forms of construction of the imperative,
-- one with the prefix "me-" and the other with the prefix "ne-".
if (tenseName == 'impPresent') then
negPrefix = (impNegForm == 2) and 'ne' or 'me'
end
-- Add sufix "-y" before certain vowels.
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^[eêiîouû]') then
return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. 'y</b>'
end
-- Elision before stems beginning with "a-" (removal of the final "-e").
if mw.ustring.match(stem, '^a') then
negPrefix = mw.ustring.sub(negPrefix, 1, -2)
return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>'
end
return '<b>' .. negPrefix .. '</b>'
end
end
-- =============================================================================
-- Standardization of the PREVERBAL PARTICLE
-- The proverbial particle "ê" is placed after the personal pronoun.
-- =============================================================================
-- If there are no verbal preparticles, return empty table.
function export.getPreverbParticules(preverbParticle, typeStem, isTransitive)
if not preverbParticle then
return {s1='', s2='', s3='', p1='', p2='', p3=''}
end
if preverbParticle == 'ê' then
local isErgative = isTransitive and (typeStem == 'past')
-- When the personal pronoun ends in a vowel, a "y-" is added before "ê".
-- If it's ergative, we use oblique pronouns: "min", "te", ...
if isErgative then
return {s1='ê/dê', s2='yê/dê', s3='yê/dê', p1='yê/dê', p2='yê/dê', p3='ê/dê'}
else
return {s1='ê/dê', s2='yê/dê', s3='ê/dê', p1='ê/dê', p2='ê/dê', p3='ê/dê'}
end
end
-- If the verbal preparticle is identical for all pronouns,
-- we create a table with the same value.
local preverbParticles = {}
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
preverbParticles[pers] = preverbParticle
end
return preverbParticles
end
-- =============================================================================
-- RULES FOR CONSTRUCTING EACH VERB TENSE
-- This table lists, for each verb tense, what elements are required to form it:
-- - Verb conjugation is built by placing either the preverb "bi-" or "di-" before
-- the verb stem (past or present), followed by a personal ending.
-- - For the negative form, one of the prefixes "na-" or "ne-" is added as well.
-- - In some cases, a preverbal particle such as /ê/ or /dê/ is added before
-- the conjugated verb as well.
-- Not: - The "negPreverb" (preverb (bi-/di-) for negative tenses) parameter has a
-- value different from "nil" only for the Imperfect tense ("negPreverb=di").
-- - The parameter "negPrefix=na" is used only for the present indicative.
--
-- Preverb "di", used in: "indPresent"(present stem), "indImperfect"(past stem)
-- - Bo neyînî: pêşgira "di-" tenê di nav dema "IndImperfect" de tê bikaranîn.
-- Preverb "bi", used in: "indFuture"(present stem), "subPresent"(present stem),
-- "subImperfect"(past stem) = "condPresent"(past stem)
-- - The prefix "bi-" isn't used in negative forms.
--
-- Present stem, used in: "indPresent"(di)(na),
-- "indFuture"(bi)(ne) = "subPresent"(bi)(ne)
--
-- Past stem, used in: "indPreterite"(-)(ne), "indImperfect"(di)(ne), "indPluperfect"(-)(ne),
-- "indPerfect"(-)(ne), "indNwPluperfect"(-)(ne), "indFuturePerfect"(-)(ne),
-- "subPreterite"(-)(ne),
-- "subImperfect"(bi)(ne) = "condPresent"(bi)(ne),
-- "subPluperfect"(-)(ne) = "condPreterite"(-)(ne)
-- =============================================================================
-- Some conjugations are identical except that they differ only in the preverbal particle (/ê/, /dê/).
-- So, to avoid repeating the same information (and thus risking errors),
-- we establish the common part shared between these verbs.
local sharedTenseRules = {
indFuture = {
stem = "present",
preverb = getPreverb['bi'],
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['present']
},
indFuturePerfect = {
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ibim']
},
subImperfect = {
stem = "past",
preverb = getPreverb['bi'],
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ama']
},
subPluperfect = {
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ibûma']
}
}
local mt = {
__index = function(t, k)
local commonRules = t._commonRules
if commonRules then return commonRules[k] end
end
}
-- TENSES CONJUGATION RULES
export.tenseRules = {
-- IMPERATIVE MOOD
impPresent = setmetatable({
name = "impPresent",
nameKu = "raweya fermanî",
nameEn = "present imperative",
mode = "imperative",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuture,
preverbParticle = nil
}, mt),
-- INDICATIVE MOOD
indPresent = {
name = "indPresent",
nameKu = "dema niha",
nameEn = "present",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "present",
preverb = getPreverb['di'],
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['na'],
endings = getEndings['present'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indPreterite = {
name = "indPreterite",
nameKu = "raboriya sade",
nameEn = "simple past",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['past'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indImperfect = {
name = "indImperfect",
nameKu = "raboriya berdest",
nameEn = "Imperfect",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = getPreverb['di'],
negPreverb = getPreverb['di'],
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['past'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indPluperfect = {
name = "indPluperfect",
nameKu = "raboriya dûr",
nameEn = "pluperfect",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ibûm'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indFuture = setmetatable({
name = "indFuture",
nameKu = "dema bê",
nameEn = "future",
mode = "indicative",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuture,
preverbParticle = 'ê'
}, mt),
indFuturePerfect = setmetatable({
name = "indFuturePerfect",
nameKu = "dahatiya pêş",
nameEn = "future perfect",
mode = "indicative",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuturePerfect,
preverbParticle = 'ê'
}, mt),
-- In some books, the "perfect" and "nonconfirmative pluperfect" tenses
-- are classified in the "inferential mood" ("moda neşahidî").
-- Currently we classify them using the indicative mood (at the end).
indPerfect = {
name = "indPerfect",
nameKu = "raboriya dûdar",
nameEn = "perfect",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ime'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
indNwPluperfect = {
name = "indNwPluperfect",
nameKu = "çîrokiya boriya dûdar",
nameEn = "non-witnessed pluperfect",
mode = "indicative",
stem = "past",
preverb = nil,
negPreverb = nil,
negPrefix = getNegPrefix['ne'],
endings = getEndings['ibûme'],
preverbParticle = nil
},
-- SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
subjPresent = setmetatable({
name = "subjPresent",
nameKu = "dema nihaya xwestekî",
nameEn = "present subjunctive",
mode = "subjunctive",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuture,
preverbParticle = nil
}, mt),
subjPreterite = setmetatable({
name = "subjPreterite",
nameKu = "dema boriya xwestekî",
nameEn = "preterite subjunctive",
mode = "subjunctive",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.indFuturePerfect,
preverbParticle = nil,
}, mt),
subjImperfect = setmetatable({
name = "subjImperfect",
nameKu = "raboriya bilaniyê",
nameEn = "imperfect subjunctive",
mode = "subjunctive",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.subImperfect,
preverbParticle = nil,
}, mt),
subjPluperfect = setmetatable({
name = "subjPluperfect",
nameKu = "raboriya dûr a bilaniyê",
nameEn = "pluperfect subjunctive",
mode = "subjunctive",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.subPluperfect,
preverbParticle = nil
}, mt),
-- CONDITIONAL MOOD
condPresent = setmetatable({
name = "condPresent",
nameKu = "çîrokiya dema nihaya mercî",
nameEn = "present conditional",
mode = "conditional",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.subImperfect,
preverbParticle = 'ê'
}, mt),
condPreterite = setmetatable({
name = "condPreterite",
nameKu = "dema boriya mercî",
nameEn = "preterite conditional",
mode = "conditional",
_commonRules = sharedTenseRules.subPluperfect,
preverbParticle = 'ê'
}, mt),
}
-- =============================================================================
-- MAIN CONJUGATION FUNCTOIN
-- This function returns an array containing the conjugation table for a given
-- tense as well as other information about the conjugated verb.
-- =============================================================================
function export.conjugate(opts)
opts = opts or {}
-- Required parameters
local tense = opts.tense or error("'tense' required", 2)
--One of the two parameters is required:
-- - If the tense uses the present stem, indicate "presentStem".
-- - If it uses the past stem, indicate "pastStem".
local presentStem = opts.presentStem
local pastStem = opts.pastStem
-- Optional parameters
local isTransitive = opts.isTransitive or false -- Indicate if the verb is transitive (true/false)
local isNegative = opts.isNegative or false -- Indicate if it's the negative form (true/false)
local isCompoundVerb = opts.isCompoundVerb or false -- Indicate if it's a compound verb (true/false)
local preSimpleVerb = opts.preSimpleVerb or '' -- The part before the simple verb
local postSimpleVerb = opts.postSimpleVerb or '' -- The part after the simple verb
-- These parameters are provided when the verb is irregular.
-- Allows you to manually modify preverbs ("bi-"" or "di-")
-- and negation prefixes ("na-" or "ne-")
local overrideBi = opts.overrideBi or nil
local overrideDi = opts.overrideDi or nil
local overrideNa = opts.overrideNa or nil
local overrideNe = opts.overrideNe or nil
-- By default, the negation of the imperative is constructed from the prefix "me-"".
-- To obtain the second variant, the prefix with "ne-", you must specify "impNegForm=2".
local impNegForm = opts.impNegForm or nil
-- Accent/ Devok
local accent = opts.accent or 'std'
-- If "tags='na'", remove links/tags
local tags = opts.tags or 'erê'
-- If addPreverbParticles='na', remove preverb particles (ê/dê) before
-- the conjugated verbs.
local addPreverbParticles = opts.addPreverbParticles or 'erê'
-- We add a space to the left of the "postSimpleVerb" because it shouldn't be attached
-- to the simple verb.
if (postSimpleVerb ~= '' and postSimpleVerb ~=nil) then
postSimpleVerb = ' ' .. postSimpleVerb
end
-- Access to the classification table and retrieval of verb tense parameters
local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseRules[tense], 'copy') or false
-- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseRules".
if (not infoTense) then
return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>'
end
-- We check that one of the two parameters of the stem is given
if (infoTense.stem == 'present' and not presentStem) then
return '<span style="color:red">presentStem parameter required</span>'
elseif (infoTense.stem == 'past' and not pastStem) then
return '<span style="color:red">pasttStem parameter required</span>'
end
-- Choice between the present stem or past stem
local stem = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStem or pastStem
--────────────────────────────
-- Conjugation construction --
-- ───────────────────────────
local preverb = ''
local negPrefix = ''
-- Ruturns the verb type: "simpleVerb" or "preverbVerb" or "compoundVerb"
local verbStruct = export.verbStruct(isCompoundVerb, preSimpleVerb)
if isNegative then
negPrefix = infoTense.negPrefix{stem=stem, tenseName=tense,
impNegForm=impNegForm,
overrideNa=overrideNa, overrideNe=overrideNe}
if infoTense.negPreverb then
preverb = infoTense:negPreverb{stem=stem, verbStruct=verbStruct,
overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi}
end
else
if infoTense.preverb then
preverb = infoTense:preverb{stem=stem, verbStruct=verbStruct,
overrideBi=overrideBi, overrideDi=overrideDi,
accent=accent}
end
end
--────────────────────────────
-- Lêkerin nestandard --
-- ───────────────────────────
-- çûn
if stem == 'ç' then
if tense == 'indPresent' then
if isNegative then
stem = 'r'
else
stem = 'er'
preverb = 't'
end
elseif ({impPresent=true, indFuture=true, subjPresent=true})[tense] then
preverb = ''
if isNegative then
stem = 'r'
else
stem = 'her'
end
end
end
-- hatin
if stem == 'ê' then
if ({impPresent=true, indFuture=true, subjPresent=true})[tense] then
if isNegative then
stem = 'ê'
else
preverb = ''
stem = 'wer'
end
end
end
infoTense.conj = {}
local spacing = isCompoundVerb and ' ' or ''
local endings = infoTense:endings(stem)
-- 'rojhilatî' accent (devok) for present stem
if (infoTense.stem == 'present') then
if (accent == 'rojhilatî') then
endings = endings['rojhilatî']
else
endings = endings['std']
end
end
local preverbParticles = export.getPreverbParticules(infoTense.preverbParticle, infoTense.stem, isTransitive)
local isErgative = isTransitive and (infoTense.stem == 'past')
-- Creating the conjugation table for a given tense
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
local ending
local conjSimbleVerb
local conjVerb
if isErgative then
ending = endings.s3
else
ending = endings[pers]
end
-- Adding space after the preverbal particle, and
-- if "addPreverbParticles='na'": remove preverb particles (ê/dê).
local preverbParticle = ''
if infoTense.preverbParticle and addPreverbParticles ~= 'na' then
preverbParticle = preverbParticles[pers] .. ' '
end
conjSimbleVerb = negPrefix .. preverb .. stem .. ending
-- Adding prefixe and suffixe
conjVerb = preSimpleVerb .. spacing .. conjSimbleVerb .. postSimpleVerb
-- Spelling correction(îy -> iy)
conjVerb = mw.ustring.gsub(conjVerb, 'îy', 'iy')
-- Add a link / if tags='na' no links
if tags ~= 'na' then
conjVerb = link{term=conjVerb, lang=langKu}
end
-- Addition of the preverbal particle
infoTense.conj[pers] = preverbParticle .. conjVerb
end
-- Imperative
if (infoTense.name == 'impPresent') then
infoTense.conj.s1 = nil
infoTense.conj.s2 = infoTense.conj.s3
infoTense.conj.s3 = nil
infoTense.conj.p1 = nil
-- infoTense.conj.p2 = infoTense.conj.p2
infoTense.conj.p3 = nil
end
return infoTense
end
-- =============================================================================
-- END
-- =============================================================================
-- Some useful tools
-- =============================================================================
-- Returns the list of verb tenses
export.tensesList = function()
local list = {}
for _, tense in pairs(export.tenseRules) do
table.insert(list, tense.name)
end
return list
end
-- Concatenation of pronouns and conjugated verbs
-- (for a given conjugate tense in all persons of that tense)
function export.concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, conjVerbs)
local concatTab = {}
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
concatTab[pers] = pronoms[pers] .. ' ' .. conjVerbs[pers]
end
return concatTab
end
-- =============================================================================
-- ADDITIONAL STEM OF THE PAST AND PRESENT (pastStem2, ... and presentStem2, ...)
-- This function does nothing more than add additional parameters for verb stems
-- in the past and present tenses.
-- Conjugations for the different stems will be separated by "/"
-- =============================================================================
function export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems)
local opts = baseOpts or {}
opts.tense = tense or nil
presentStems = presentStems or {}
pastStems = pastStems or {}
local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseRules[tense], 'copy') or false
-- We check that this tense is indeed in table "tenseRules".
if not infoTense then
return '<span style="color:red">Unknown tense: ' .. tense ..'</span>'
end
local stems = (infoTense.stem == 'present') and presentStems or pastStems
-- For each verb stem, its conjugation table is calculated and stored in conjTabs.
local conjTabs = {}
for i = 1, #stems do
if stems[i] then
if (infoTense.stem == 'past') then opts.pastStem = stems[i] end
if (infoTense.stem == 'present') then opts.presentStem = stems[i] end
local conj = export.conjugate(opts).conj
table.insert(conjTabs, conj)
end
end
-- We concatenate each row of the conjugation tables.
local concatConjTabs = {}
for _, pers in ipairs(export.order) do
local frag = {}
for i = 1, #conjTabs do
local val = conjTabs[i][pers]
if val then table.insert(frag, tostring(val)) end
end
concatConjTabs[pers] = table.concat(frag, " / ")
end
infoTense.conj = concatConjTabs
return infoTense
end
-- ====================================================================================
-- VERB CONUGATION IN ALL TENSES WITH OR WITHOUT PRONOUMS
-- ====================================================================================
function export.conjugateAllTenses(baseOpts, presentStems, pastStems, negation, concatPrs)
-- "concatPrs=false" table without pronouns
local opts = baseOpts or {}
if negation == 'negative' then opts.isNegative = true end
-- Concatenation of pronouns and conjugated verbs
local concatPronomsVerbs = export.concatPronomsVerbs
-- Tenses list
local tensesList = export.tensesList()
-- Conjugation in all tenses
local conjTab = {}
for _, tense in ipairs(tensesList) do
local infoTense = deepCopy(export.tenseRules[tense], 'copy')
-- We create the conjugation table without the pronouns.
conjTab[tense] = deepCopy(export.conjugateLong(opts, tense, presentStems, pastStems), 'copy')
-- We concatenate the pronouns and the verbs if "concatPrs" is different of "false"
-- No pronouns for the imperative mood
if (tense ~= 'impPresent' and concatPrs ~= false) then
local pronoms = deepCopy(export.conjPronouns(infoTense.stem, infoTense.mode, opts.isTransitive))
conjTab[tense].conj = concatPronomsVerbs(pronoms, conjTab[tense].conj)
end
end
return conjTab
end
-- ====================================================================================
-- Allows you to obtain a given conjugation from a model.
-- Ex. {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|tew|dem=indPresent|kes=s1}}
-- See {{ku-tewîn-lk-niha}}
-- ====================================================================================
function export.tew(frame)
local args = frame:getParent().args
local baseOpts = {
isNegative = frame.args['neyînî'] or false,
isTransitive = args['form'],
isCompoundVerb = args['valahî'] or false,
preSimpleVerb = args['pêşgir'] or nil,
postSimpleVerb = args['paşgir'] or nil,
accent = args['devok'] or 'std',
tags = args['lînk'] or 'erê',
overrideBi = args['bi'] or nil,
overrideDi = args['di'] or nil,
overrideNa = args['na'] or nil,
overrideNe = args['ne'] or nil,
impNegForm = nil
}
local tense = frame.args['dem'] or nil
local pers = frame.args['kes'] or nil
local presentStems = {args['niha'], args['niha2'], args['niha3']}
local pastStems = {args['borî'], args['borî2'], args['borî3']}
-- A few checks
if (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'gerguhêz') then
baseOpts.isTransitive = true
elseif (baseOpts.isTransitive == 'negerguhêz') then
baseOpts.isTransitive = false
else
return '<span style="color:red">form = gerguhêz / negerguhêz</span>'
end
if (baseOpts.isCompoundVerb == 'erê') then
baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = true
else
baseOpts.isCompoundVerb = false
end
if (baseOpts.isNegative == 'erê') then
baseOpts.isNegative = true
end
local tabConj = export.conjugateLong(baseOpts, tense, presentStems, pastStems).conj
return tabConj[pers]
end
-- ====================================================================================
-- GET COMMMA SEPARED FORMS
-- Bnr. [[MediaWiki:Gadget-QQ.js]]
-- Ex. {{#invoke:ku-tewandin|get_comma_separated_forms|niha=kev|borî=ket}}
-- ====================================================================================
function export.get_comma_separated_forms(frame)
local opts = {
presentStem = frame.args['niha'],
pastStem = frame.args['borî'],
isTransitive = false,
isNegative = false,
isCompoundVerb = frame['valahî'] or false,
preSimpleVerb = frame['pêşgir'] or '',
postSimpleVerb = frame['paşgir'] or '',
overrideBi = frame['bi'] or nil,
overrideDi = frame['di'] or nil,
overrideNa = frame['na'] or nil,
overrideNe = frame['ne'] or nil,
impNegForm = nil,
tags = 'na', -- Remove links/tags
addPreverbParticles = 'na' -- Remove preverb particles (ê/dê)
}
local function concateList(tenseList)
local concatList = {}
for _, pers in ipairs({"s1", "s2", "s3", "p1"}) do
local tense = tenseList[pers]
table.insert(concatList, tense)
end
return table.concat(concatList, ",")
end
local tenseList = {'indPresent','indPreterite','indImperfect',
'indPluperfect','indPerfect','indNwPluperfect',
'indFuture','indFuturePerfect',
'subjImperfect','subjPluperfect'
}
local concatAllTense = {}
for i = 1, #tenseList do
local tense = tenseList[i]
if export.tenseRules[tense] then
opts.tense = tense
local conj = shallowCopy(export.conjugate(opts).conj)
local concatTense = concateList(conj)
table.insert(concatAllTense, concatTense)
end
end
return table.concat(concatAllTense, ",")
end
return export
nmga8xtuj76ccmc7n7bzl2kzjalpxws
tîtilewêsk
0
1356962
6237352
6232887
2026-06-10T15:18:57Z
Keyomerd
8814
/* Etîmolojî */
6237352
wikitext
text/x-wiki
== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne: Red-wattled_lapwing_%28Vanellus_indicus%29_Photograph_by_Shantanu_Kuveskar.jpg|thumb|'''Tîtilewêskek'''.]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=}}
# {{f|ku|teyr}} Çivîkeke beravî ye ko [[kurm|kurmik]] û [[kêzik|kêzikan]] dixwe.
==== Herwiha ====
* {{hw|ku|tîtilwaz}}
==== Navê zanistî ====
* {{g|navz|Vanellus indicus}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî}}
==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|تیترواسک}}, {{W-|ckb|دەیدومەک}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|fa}}: {{W-|fa|دیدومک}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W-|en|red-wattled lapwing}}
{{werger-bin}}
ig1lnwbe1ek3mt5cpefh5o8myeohilv
tûtirwask
0
1357065
6237353
6233738
2026-06-10T15:19:27Z
Keyomerd
8814
/* Etîmolojî */
6237353
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== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Navdêr ===
[[Wêne: OM1C2611_%2853755898331%29.jpg|thumb|'''Tûtirwaska''' spî (Motacilla alba).]]
{{navdêr|ku|z=m}}
# {{f|ku|teyr}} Cûnek e ji çivîkên terîhejok.
#: {{hevmane|ku|balavîk}}
==== Jêrnav ====
* {{g|ku|dûverzînk||Motacilla flava}}
* {{g|ku|gaçerînk||Motacilla flava}}
* {{g|ku|tûtirwaska spî||Motacilla alba}}
==== Navê zanistî ====
* {{q|navz|Motacilla}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
{{bêetîmolojî}}
==== Bi zaravayên din ====
* {{Z|ckb}}: {{W-|ckb|بەرگاویلە}}, {{W-|ckb|بەرزەردیلە}}, {{W-|ckb|گاچەڕینک}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
* {{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|wagtail}}
{{werger-bin}}
bekybej3crwrahwkno5ktoj4j1ozrfz
Gotûbêj:arise
1
1357313
6237354
2026-06-10T17:08:34Z
Bikarhêner
3719
/* Xirabûn */ beşeke nû
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== Xirabûn ==
{{r|Wikihez|Ghybu}} Merheba, ''min berê jî carek nivîsîbû'', di vê madeyê de û di hin madeyan de ku wê şablonê dihewînin, şaşîyek heye. -- [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:08, 10 hezîran 2026 (UTC)
ad5ec0mdc0gn31zpiwsssue045noisk
6237364
6237354
2026-06-10T19:48:44Z
Ghybu
1393
/* Xirabûn */ Bersiv
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== Xirabûn ==
{{r|Wikihez|Ghybu}} Merheba, ''min berê jî carek nivîsîbû'', di vê madeyê de û di hin madeyan de ku wê şablonê dihewînin, şaşîyek heye. -- [[Bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|Bikarhêner]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Bikarhêner|gotûbêj]]) 17:08, 10 hezîran 2026 (UTC)
:Silav, {{çêbû}} [[Bikarhêner:Ghybu|Ghybu]] ([[Gotûbêja bikarhêner:Ghybu|gotûbêj]]) 19:48, 10 hezîran 2026 (UTC)
qm1h1pb665gxj5t639yyiq8mphn3c5f
hevên
0
1357314
6237401
2026-06-11T08:29:20Z
IbrahimKocher Duhok
4280
([[Mediawiki:Gadget-start.js|WF:Nû]]) +ku:navdêr/n:# [[J]].#* {{bêmînak|ku}}
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== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# [[hêman]], [[parçe]] an [[pêkhateyên]] ku tiştek ji wan pêk tê; [[avahî]] an [[pêkhatina]] tiştek.
#: ''Bêguman jêderên min bo vê nivîsarê bikaranîne ne '''hevên''' li jor tenê ne. Hemî berhemên zimanzanên dinê Kurd û kurdologên din min temaşa kirin, lê min ne xwest vî karî bi nivîsîna wan girantir bikim.''<ref>''Academy: A Periodical Published by Kurdistan Academy'', Erbil, 2007, Govarî Ekadîmî 5, r. 247.https://govkrd.b-cdn.net/OtherEntities/Kurdish%20Academy/Kurdish/%D8%A8%DA%B5%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86/%DA%AF%DB%86%DA%A4%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%20%D9%8A%D9%94%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7/Govari%20Ekadimi%205.pdf</ref>
#: ''Çimkî ew bi '''hevênê''' me dizane, / Ew bi bîr tîne ku em ji axê ne.''<ref>''Zebûr'' 103:14, Wergera Kurmancî (SKUR). https://media.ipsapps.org/kmr/osa/skur-test/#/text</ref>
=== Navdêr 2 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=-}}
# {{guharto|ku|havên}}
==== Etîmolojî ====
{{ji?|ku}}
==== Werger ====
{{werger-ser}}
{{Z|en}}: {{W+|en|component}}, {{W+|en|constituent element}}, {{W+|en|composition}}, {{W+|en|makeup}}, {{W+|en|constitution}}, {{W+|en|frame}}
{{werger-bin}}
s4drei3f8ievgvpxp7omnef6jicn5s1
6237412
6237401
2026-06-11T09:32:16Z
Bikarhêner
3719
Di nimûneyên dayî da di ya pêşîyê da kelîmeya "ev" (bi îngilîzî "these", bi tirkî "bunlar") hatîye emilandin. Di nimûneya duyê da jî "havên" (bi îngilîzî "leaven, yeast", bi tirkî "maya") hatîye emilandin. Lewma her du jî ji bo vê rûpelê şaş in. Lewma wan jê dibim.
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== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Navdêr 1 ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{guharto|ku|havên|w=mastê ku ji bo meyandinê tê emilandin}}
svq6hbr2wl8x6ntgw7wdkqzddocgx0c
6237413
6237412
2026-06-11T09:32:56Z
Bikarhêner
3719
Di nimûneyên dayî da di ya pêşîyê da kelîmeya "ev" (bi îngilîzî "these", bi tirkî "bunlar") hatîye emilandin. Di nimûneya duyê da jî "havên" (bi îngilîzî "leaven, yeast", bi tirkî "maya") hatîye emilandin. Lewma her du jî ji bo vê rûpelê şaş in. Lewma wan jê dibim.
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== {{ziman|ku}} ==
=== Navdêr ===
{{navdêr|ku|z=n}}
# {{guharto|ku|havên|w=mastê ku ji bo meyandinê tê emilandin}}
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