Index civitatum sui iuris

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    <title>Index civitatum sui iuris</title>
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      <comment>Grufo movit paginam [[Nationes mundi]] ad [[Index civitatum sui iuris]]: Videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet?|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&amp;nbsp;Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet?]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="32061" sha1="9xtzixq9f39nhollj97v3fjedp4vh16" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Rotating earth (large).gif|thumb|Rotans [[Tellus|Telluris]] globus.]]
[[Fasciculus:Kepler-world.jpg|thumb|[[Tabula geographica]] mundi.]]

{{res|Nationes mundi}}, hac in commentatione descriptae, sunt [[libertas|liberae]] mundi [[civitas|civitates]], quae [[civitas sui iuris|suo iure]] [[imperium|imperioque]] reguntur. Hoc agendo {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Definitio|definitioni|en|qid=Q101072}} [[Consociatio Nationum|Consociationis Nationum]] obtemperamus, quamquam a definitione communi Latina [[natio]]nis aliquantulo discrepamus.

[[Civitas]], ut [[Thomas Hobbius|Hobbes]] definit, &quot;est ''[[persona (ius)|persona]] una'', cuius ''[[voluntas]]'', ex pactis plurium hominum, pro ''voluntate'' habenda est ipsorum omnium; ut singulorum viribus et facultatibus uti possit, ad pacem et defensionem communem.&quot; Hoc est, civitas est omnes cives sensu abstracto qui cuncti eorum ius ad personam regnantem delegant, quae persona potest esse [[institutum]] publicum, [[magistratus]], [[rex]], et aliae res. 

[[Populus]] ab antiquitate dicitur omnes cuiusdam civitatis cives, sensu concreto, qui una omnes rei publicae magistratús cooptant. [[Gens]] et [[natio]] plerumque [[familia]]rum multitudo dicitur cognatarum per civitatem, natum, [[cultus|cultum]], vel progeniem. 

Olim [[Romani]] sicut [[Caesar]] et [[Cicero]] praecipue ''gentes'' dicere solebant tales qui in [[Imperium Romanum|Imperio Romano]] vivebant, qui numquam propriam civitatem suam habuerunt, sed nomen quoddam communicabant. Exempli gratia erant gentes [[gens Iulia|Iulia]] et [[gens Aemilia|Aemilia]]. ''Nationes'' autem dicebant praecipue qui extra [[Imperium Romanum|imperium]] vivebant, sicut [[Germani]], vel qui olim civitatem suam habuerunt. Cicero, qui appellabat Germanos, [[Galli|Gallos]], [[Africa]]nos, [[Hispani|Hispanos]] &quot;immanes ac barbarae nationes,&quot; ait &quot;omnes nationes [[servitus|servitutem]] ferre possunt, nostra civitas non potest.&quot; 

Romanis quidem [[vocabulum]] ''natio'' idem significabat ut nobis hodie, quod demonstrat &quot;Porticus ad Nationes&quot; ab [[Augustus|Augusto]] factus, sic nominatus, qui habebat quattuordecim simulacra, omnes nationes cognitas repraesentantia. 

Verumtamen sensu latissimo vocabulum ''gens'' saepe sensum nationis quoque concludit, sicut terminus qui usquequaeque complectit omnes homines, familiae, gentes, nationes, imperia. [[Maurus Servius Honoratus]] igitur de porticu scripsit: 
:''dona recognoscit populorum aurum coronarium'' dicit, ''quod triumphantibus hodieque a victis gentibus datur.'' Inponebant autem hoc imperatores propter concessam immunitatem. Ideo ergo dixit 'dona': nam si hoc non esset, spolia diceret. Aptatque superbis postibus porticum enim Augustus fecerat in qua simulacra omnium gentium conlocaverat: quae porticus appellabatur &quot;ad nationes.&quot;

Imperio Romano victo, post [[medium aevum]], iam [[saeculum 17|saeculo septimo decimo]], multa nova regimina instituta sunt, ubi saepissime quodque regimen solam suam propriam gentem regebat. [[Philosophus|Philosophi]] ea aetate igitur varios regiminis status vel constitutiones distinguere solebant, sicut imperii statum, nationis statum, civitatis statum, gentis statum.
* imperii statum habet regimen quod multis gentibus vel nationibus imperat
* nationis statum habet regimen cuius cives plerumque ab certa gente vel natione sunt
* civitatis statum habet regimen cuius cives ab multis gentibus sunt, quod imperium super nullam gentem integram habet
* gentis statum habet gens quae propria civitate caret

Possumus etiam simpliciter loqui de [[gens|gente]], [[natione sine statu]], [[natio]] (natio cum statu civitatis), [[civitas|civitate]], [[imperium|imperio]].

== Index nationum mundi ==
{{Pars vicificanda}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable tabelle-kopf-fixiert mw-sticky-header-element&quot;
! Natio seu regnum
! Nomen longum
! [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]]
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Populus&lt;br /&gt;2022&lt;ref name=dsw&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Area&lt;br /&gt;in km²&lt;ref name=&quot;Flaeche&quot; /&gt;
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Densitas per km²
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Vexillum
! Sigla ISO-3
! Sigla ISO-2
! Sigla Interretiali
! Nomen [[lingua Anglica|Anglice]]
! Nomen sua in lingua

|- style=&quot;border:0; background:#FFFFFF; height:4px&quot;
| colspan=&quot;12&quot; |

|- style=&quot;background:#F3F9FF&quot;
| '''[[Mundus]]'''
| —
| —
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; | {{num|7 963 000 000}}
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; style=&quot;max-width:0&quot; | {{num|510 072 000}} &lt;small&gt;summa *&amp;#8239;{{num|135 700 000}} sine [[Antarctica]] nec [[Oceanus|oceanis]]&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; style=&quot;max-width:0&quot; | {{Cifrae significantes| 7536000 / 510072 | 3}}&lt;small&gt;summa&lt;br /&gt;*&amp;#8239;{{Cifrae significantes| 7536000 / 135700 | 3}}&amp;#8239;sine Antarctica nec oceanis&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;| —
| —
| —
| —
| Earth
| —

|- style=&quot;border:0; background:#FFFFFF; height:4px&quot;
| colspan=&quot;12&quot; |
|- class=&quot;hintergrundfarbe6&quot;
! Natio seu regnum
! Nomen longum
! [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]]
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Populus&lt;br /&gt;2022&lt;ref name=dsw&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Area&lt;br /&gt;in km²&lt;ref name=&quot;Flaeche&quot; /&gt;
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Densitas per km²
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Vexillum
! Sigla ISO-3
! Sigla ISO-2
! Sigla Interretiali
! Nomen [[lingua Anglica|Anglice]]
! Nomen sua in lingua
|}

== [[Africa]] ==
[[Fasciculus:Africae tabula nova.jpg|thumb|Africa anno [[1570]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Mercator Africa 037.jpg|thumb|Africa anno [[1595]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Afrika Map 1660.JPG|thumb|Africa anno [[1660]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Map_of_Africa_from_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_1890.jpg|thumb|Africa anno [[1890]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Africa1910s.jpg|thumb|Africa anno [[1910]].]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Egypt.svg|23px|Vexillum Aegypti]] || [[Aegyptus]] –  Res publica Arabica Aegypti
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ethiopia.svg|23px|Vexillum Aethiopiae]] || [[Aethiopia]] – Res publica Democratica Foederalis Aethiopiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of South Africa.svg|23px|Vexillum Rei Publicae Africae Australis]] || [[Africa Australis]] – Res publica Africae Australis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Algeria.svg|23px|Vexillum Algerii]] || [[Algerium]] (vel ''Numidia antiqua'' sive ''Mauretania Caesariensis'') - Res publica Democratica Popularis Algerii
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Angola.svg|23px|Vexillum Angoliae]] || [[Angolia]] – Res publica Angolae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Benin.svg|23px|Vexillum Benini]] || [[Beninum]] – Res publica Benini
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Botswana.svg|23px|Vexillum Botsuanae]] || [[Botsuana]] – Res publica Botsuanae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|23px|Vexillum Burkinae Fasonis]] || [[Burcina Faso]] 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Burundi.svg|23px|Vexillum Burundiae]] || [[Burundia]] – Res publica Burundiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cameroon.svg|23px|Vexillum Cameroniae]] || [[Cammarunia]] – Res publica Cammaruniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Eritrea.svg|23px|Vexillum Erythraeae]] || [[Erythraea]] – Civitas Erythraeae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Gabon.svg|23px|Vexillum Gaboniae]] || [[Gabonia]] – Res publica Gaboniensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of The Gambia.svg|23px|Vexillum Gambiae]] || [[Gambia]] — Res publica Gambiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ghana.svg|23px|Vexillum Ganae]] || [[Gana]] – Res publica Ganae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Djibouti.svg|23px|Vexillum Gibuti]] || [[Gibutum]] – Res publica Gibuti
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Guinea.svg|23px|Vexillum Guineae]] || [[Guinea]] – Res publica Guineae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg|23px|Vexillum Guineae Aequinoctialis]] || [[Guinea Aequatorensis|Guinea Aequinoctialis]] – Res publica Guineae Aequinoctialis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg|23px|Vexillum Guineaa Bissaviensis]] || [[Guinea Bissaviensis]] – Res publica Guineae Bissaviensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Comoros.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Comorianarum]] || [[Insulae Comorianae]] – Unio Comorianarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Seychelles.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Seisellensium]] || [[Insulae Seisellenses]] – Res publica Insularum Seisellensium
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kenya.svg|23px|Vexillum Kenyae]] || [[Kenia]] – Res publica Keniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Lesotho.svg|23px|Vexillum Lesothi]] || [[Lesothum]] – Regnum Lesothi
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Liberia.svg|23px|Vexillum Liberiae]] || [[Liberia]] – Res publica Liberiae 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Libya.svg|23px|Vexillum Libyae]] || [[Libya]] (prior [[Cyrenaica]] et [[Tripolitania]]) – Civitas Libyae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg|23px|Vexillum Litoris Eburnei]] || [[Litus Eburneum]] – Res publica Litoris Eburnei
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Madagascar.svg|23px|Vexillum Madagascar]] || [[Madagascaria]] – Res publica Madagascariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Malawi.svg|23px|Vexillum Malavii]] || [[Malavium|Malavia]] – Res publica Malaviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mali.svg|23px|Vexillum Mali]] || [[Malium|Malia]] – Res publica Maliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Morocco.svg|23px|Vexillum Marochii]] || [[Marocum]] – Regnum Maroci
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mauritania.svg|23px|Vexillum Mauretaniae]] || [[Mauretania|Mauritania]] – Res publica Islamica Mauritaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mauritius.svg|23px|Vexillum Mauritiae]] || [[Mauritia]] – Res publica Mauritiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sierra Leone.svg|23px|Vexillum Mons Leonini]] || [[Mons Leoninus]] – Res publica Montis Leonini
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mozambique.svg|23px|Vexillum Mozambici]] || [[Mozambicum]] – Res publica Mozambici
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Namibia.svg|23px|Vexillum Namibiae]] || [[Namibia]] – Res publica Namibiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Niger.svg|23px|Vexillum Nigritaniae]] || [[Nigerium|Nigritania]] – Res publica Nigritaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Nigeria.svg|23px|Vexillum Nigeriae]] || [[Nigeria]] – Res publica Foederata Nigeriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cape Verde.svg|23px|Vexillum Promontorii Viridis]] || [[Caput Viride|Promontorium Viride]] – Res publica Promontorii Viridis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Puntland.svg|23px|Vexillum Puntlandiae]] || [[Puntlandia]] – Civitas Puntlandiae de Somalia
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Central African Republic.svg|23px|Vexillum Reipublicae Mediae Africae]] || [[Respublica Mediae Africae|Res publica Mediae Africae]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg|23px|Vexillum Reipublicae Congensis]] || [[Respublica Congensis|Res publica Congensis]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg|23px|Vexillum Reipublicae Democratica Congensis]] || [[Respublica Democratica Congensis|Res publica Democratica Congensis]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Rwanda.svg|23px|Vexillum Ruandae]] || [[Ruanda]] – Res publica Ruandae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg|23px|Vexillum Senegaliae]] || [[Res Publica Democratica Arabica Saharensis|Sahara Occidentalis]] – Res publica Democratica Arabica Saharensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Sancti Thomae et Principis]] || [[Insulae Sancti Thomae et Principis|Sanctus Thomas et Princeps]] – Res publica Democratica Sancti Thomae et Principis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Senegal.svg|23px|Vexillum Senegaliae]] || [[Senegalia]] – Res publica Senegaliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Somalia.svg|23px|Vexillum Somaliae]] || [[Somalia]] – Res publica Foederata Somaliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Somaliland.svg|23px|Vexillum Somalilandiae]] || [[Somalilandia]] – Res publica Somalilandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Swaziland.svg|23px|Vexillum Suaziae]] || [[Suazia]] vel Esuatinium – Regnum Suaziae/Esuatinii
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sudan.svg|23px|Vexillum Sudaniae]] || [[Sudania]] (''[[Nubia]]'' antiqua) – Res publica Sudaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of South Sudan.svg|23px|Vexillum Sudaniae Australis]] || [[Sudania Australis]] – Res publica Sudaniae Australis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tanzania.svg|23px|Vexillum Tanzaniae]] || [[Tanzania]] – Res publica Unita Tanzaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Togo (3-2).svg|23px|Vexillum Togi]] || [[Togum]] – Res publica Togensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tunisia.svg|23px|Vexillum Tunesiae]] || [[Tunesia]] – Res publica Tunesiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Chad.svg|23px|Vexillum Tzadiae]] || [[Tzadia]] – Res publica Tzadiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Uganda.svg|23px|Vexillum Ugandae]] || [[Uganda]] – Res publica Ugandae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Zambia.svg|23px|Vexillum Zambiae]] || [[Zambia]] – Res publica Zambiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|23px|Vexillum Zimbabuiae]] || [[Zimbabuia|Zimbabua]] (vel ''Rhodesia'' antiqua) – Res publica Zimbabuae
|}

== [[America Septentrionalis]] ==

[[Fasciculus:Orteliusamerica.jpg|thumb|right|Americae sive Novi Orbis, Nova Descriptio.Ortelius, anno [[1595]] (dicit annum [[1587]]).]]
[[Fasciculus:America-1705.jpg|thumb|America Septentrionalis et Meridionalis anno [[1705]].]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg|23px|Vexillum Antiquae et Barbudae]] || [[Antiqua et Barbuda]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Barbados.svg|23px|Vexillum Barbatae]] || [[Barbata]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Belize.svg|23px|Vexillum Belizae]] || [[Beliza]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Canada.svg|23px|Vexillum Canadae]] || [[Canada]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the United States.svg|23px|Vexillum CFA]] || [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cuba.svg|23px|Vexillum Cubae]] || [[Cuba]] – Res publica Cubae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Dominica.svg|23px|Vexillum Dominicae]] || [[Dominica (civitas)|Dominica]] – Consortio Dominicae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Grenada.svg|23px|Vexillum Grenadae]] || [[Granata (Caribbaea)|Granata]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Guatemala.svg|23px|Vexillum Guatemalae]] || [[Guatemala|Guatimalia]] – Res publica Guatimaliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Haiti.svg|23px|Vexillum Haitiae]] || [[Haitia]] – Res publica Haitiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Honduras (2022–present).svg|23px|Vexillum Honduriae]] || [[Honduria]] – Res publica Honduriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Jamaica.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Bahamensium]] || [[Iamaica]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Bahamas.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Bahamensium]] || [[Insulae Bahamenses|Insulae Bahamae]] – Res publica Bahamae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mexico.svg|23px|Vexillum Mexici]] || [[Mexicum]] – Civitates Unitae Mexicenses
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Nicaragua.svg|23px|Vexillum Nicaraguae]] || [[Nicaragua]] – Res publica Nicaraguae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Costa Rica (state).svg|23px|Vexillum Orae Opulentae]] || [[Ora Opulenta|Ora Dives]] – Res publica Orae Divitis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Panama.svg|23px|Vexillum Panamae]] || [[Panama]] – Res publica Panamae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg|23px|Vexillum Reipublicae Dominicanae]] || [[Respublica Dominicana|Res publica Dominicana]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of El Salvador.svg|23px|Vexillum Salvatoria]] || [[Salvatoria]] – Res publica Salvatoriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg|23px|Vexillum Sanctae Luciae]] || [[Sancta Lucia]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg|23px|Vexillum Sancti Christophori et Nivis]] || [[Sanctus Christophorus et Nives]] – Foederatio Sancti Christophori et Nivium
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg|23px|Vexillum Sancti Vincenti et Granatinae]] || [[Sanctus Vincentius et Granatinae]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg|23px|Vexillum Trinitatis et Tabaci]] || [[Trinitas et Tabacum]] – Res publica Trinitatis et Tabaci
|}

== [[America Meridionalis|America Australis]] ==

[[Fasciculus:1606 America Merid. Mercator mr.jpg|thumb|America Australis seu Meriodionalis anno [[1606]].]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ecuador.svg|23px|Vexillum Aequatoriae]] || [[Aequatoria]] – Res publica Aequatoriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Argentina.svg|23px|Vexillum Argentiniae]] || [[Argentina]] – Res publica Argentinae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bolivia.svg|23px|Vexillum Boliviae]] || [[Bolivia]] – Civitas Plurinationalis Boliviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Brazil.svg|23px|Vexillum Brasiliae]] || [[Brasilia]] – Res publica Foederata Brasiliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Chile.svg|23px|Vexillum Chiliae]] || [[Chilia]] – Res publica Chiliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Colombia.svg|23px|Vexillum Colombiae]] || [[Columbia]] – Res publica Columbiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Guyana.svg|23px|Vexillum Guyanae]] || [[Guiana]] – Res publica Cooperativa Guianae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Paraguay.svg|23px|Vexillum Paraquariae]] || [[Paraquaria]] vel Paraguaia – Res publica Paraquariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Peru.svg|23px|Vexillum Peruviae]] || [[Peruvia]] – Res publica Peruviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Suriname.svg|23px|Vexillum Surinamiae]] || [[Surinamia]] – Res publica Surinamiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Uruguay.svg|23px|Vexillum Uraquariae]] || [[Uraquaria|Uruquaria]] – Res publica Orientalis Uruquariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Venezuela.svg|23px|Vexillum Venetiolae]] || [[Venetiola]] – Res publica Bolivariana Venetiolae
|}

== [[Asia]] ==

[[Fasciculus:PtolemyWorldMap.jpg|thumb|Tabula [[Claudius Ptolemaeus|Ptolemaei]] anni [[150]] (saeculo XV redescripta).]]
[[Fasciculus:TabulaRogeriana.jpg|thumb|Tabula Rogeriana anni [[1154]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Abraham Ortelius Map of Asia 1595.jpg|thumb|Asia anno [[1595]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Jodocus Hondius Map of Asia 1607.jpg|thumb|Asia anno [[1607]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Iran e Bozorg2.jpg|thumb|Asia anno [[1719]].]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Taliban.svg|23x23px|Vexillum Afganiae]]|| [[Afgania]] –  Emirate Islamico Afganae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|23px|Vexillum Arabiaa Saudianae]] || [[Arabia Saudiana|Arabia Saudita]] – Regnum Arabiae Sauditae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Armenia.svg|23px|Vexillum Armeniae]] || [[Armenia]] – Res publica Armeniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg|23px|Vexillum Atropatenae]] || [[Atropatene (res publica)|Atropatene]] – Res publica Atropatenes
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bahrain.svg|23px|Vexillum Baharinae]] || [[Baharina]] – Regnum Baharinae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|23px|Vexillum Bangladeshae]] || [[Bangladesha|Bangladesa]] – Res publica Popularis Bangladesae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Myanmar.svg|23px|Vexillum Myanmar]] || [[Birmania]] vel Myanmar – Res publica Unionis Birmaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Brunei.svg|23px|Vexillum Bruneii]] || [[Bruneium]] – Natio Bruneii, Loci Pacis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bhutan.svg|23px|Vexillum Butaniae]] || [[Butania]] – Regnum Butaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cambodia.svg|23px|Vexillum Cambosiae]] || [[Cambosia]] – Regnum Cambosiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|23px|Vexillum Casachiae]] || [[Casachia]] vel Casachistania – Res publica Casachiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg|23px|Vexillum Chirgisiae]] || [[Chirgisia]] vel Cirgisia (sive ''Issedonia'' antiqua) – Res publica Chirgisiensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of South Korea.svg|23px|Vexillum Rei Publicae Coreae]] || [[Respublica Coreana|Corea Meridionalis]] – Res publica Coreae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of North Korea.svg|23px|Vexillum Coreae Septentrionalis]] || [[Respublica Popularis Democratica Coreana|Corea Septentrionalis]] – Res publica Popularis Democratica Coreae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kuwait.svg|23px|Vexillum Cuvaiti]] || [[Cuvaitum]] – Civitas Cuvaiti
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|23px|Vexillum Emiratuum Arabicorum Unitorum]] || [[Emiratus Arabi Uniti|Emiratus Arabici Coniucti]] (vel ''Macaea'' antiqua)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Georgia.svg|23px|Vexillum Georgiae]] || [[Georgia]] (vel ''Colchis'' antiqua)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Japan.svg|23px|Vexillum Iaponiae]] || [[Iaponia]] – Natio Iaponiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Yemen.svg|23px|Vexillum Iemeniae]] || [[Iemenia]] (vel ''Arabia Felix'' antiqua) – Res publica Iemeniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of India.svg|23px|Vexillum Indiae]] || [[India]] – Res publica Indiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Indonesia.svg|23px|Vexillum Indonesiae]] || [[Indonesia]] – Res publica Indonesiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Maldives.svg|23px|Vexillum Insulae Maldivae]] || [[Insulae Maldivae]] – Res publica Maldivarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Jordan.svg|23px|Vexillum Iordaniae]] || [[Iordania]] – Regnum Hasimita Iordaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Iraq.svg|23px|Vexillum Iraquiae]] || [[Iraquia|Iraca]] (vel ''Mesopotamia'' antiqua) – Res publica Iracae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Iran.svg|23px|Vexillum Iraniae]] || [[Irania]] (vel ''Persia'' antiqua) – Res publica Islamica Iraniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Israel.svg|23px|Vexillum Israëlis]] || [[Israël]] – Natio Israëlis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Laos.svg|23px|Vexillum Laoniae]] || [[Laonia|Laotia]] – Res publica Democratica Popularis Laotiensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Lebanon.svg|23px|Vexillum Libani]] || [[Libanus]] – Res publica Libanensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Malaysia.svg|23px|Vexillum Malaesiae]] || [[Malaesia]] – Foederatio Malaesiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mongolia.svg|23px|Vexillum Mongoliae]] || [[Mongolia]] (vel ''Dachuria'' classica)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Nepal.svg|23px|Vexillum Nepaliae]] || [[Nepalia]] – Res publica Foederata Democratica Nepaliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Oman.svg|23px|Vexillum Omaniae]] || [[Omania]] – Sultanatus Omaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Pakistan.svg|23px|Vexillum Pakistaniae]] || [[Pakistania|Pacistania]] – Res publica Islamica Pacistaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Palestine.svg|23px|Vexillum Palaestinae]] || [[Palaestina]] – Natio Palaestinae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Philippines.svg|23px|Vexillum Philippinarum]] || [[Philippinae]] (vel ''Prasodum Insulae'' antiquae) – Res publica Philippinarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Qatar.svg|23px|Vexillum Quatariae]] || [[Quataria]] – Natio Quatariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|23px|Vexillum Sinarum]] ||[[Res publica popularis Sinarum|Sinae]] – Res publica Popularis Sinarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Russia.svg|23px|Vexillum Russiae]] || [[Russia]] vel Ruthenia –  Ruthenica
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Singapore.svg|23px|Vexillum Singapurae]] || [[Singapura]] – Res publica Singapurae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sri Lanka.svg|23px|Vexillum Sri Lankae]] || [[Sri Lanca|Srilanca]] (vel ''Selediva'' sive Taprobane antiquae) – Res publica Democratica Socialista Srilancae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Syria.svg|23px|Vexillum Syriae]] || [[Syria]] – Res publica Arabica Syriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tajikistan.svg|23px|Vexillum Tajikistan]] || [[Tadzikistania|Tagicistania]] (vel ''Sogdiana'' antiqua)– Res publica Tagicistaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|23px|Vexillum Rei publicae Sinensis]] || [[Respublica Sinarum|Taivania]] vel Formosa – Res publica Sinarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Thailand.svg|23px|Vexillum Thailandiae]] || [[Thailandia]] – Regnum Thailandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of East Timor.svg|23px|Vexillum Timoriae Orientalis]] || [[Timoria Orientalis]] – Res publica Timoriae Orientalis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Turkey.svg|23px|Vexillum Turciae]] || [[Turcia]] – Res publica Turciae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg|23px|Vexillum Turkmenistan]] || [[Turcmenia|Turcomannia]] (vel ''Saccaea'' antiqua)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Uzbekistan.svg|23px|Vexillum Uzbekistan]] || [[Uzbecia|Usbecia]] (vel ''Bactria'' antiqua) – Res publica Usbeciae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Vietnam.svg|23px|Vexillum Vietnamiae]] || [[Vietnamia]] – Res publica Socialista Vietnamiae
|}

== [[Europa]] ==
[[Fasciculus:1589 Europa Mercator.jpg|thumb|Europa anno [[1589]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Abraham Ortelius Map of Europe.jpg|thumb|Europa anno [[1595]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Evropa-recens-deferipta.jpg|thumb|Europa recens descripta?]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Republic of Abkhazia.svg|23px|Vexillum Abaaciae]] || [[Abascia]] – Res publica Abasciae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Albania.svg|23px|Vexillum Albaniae]] || [[Albania]] vel Epirus – Res publica Albaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Andorra.svg|23px|Vexillum Andorrae]] || [[Andorra]] – Principatus Andorrae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Austria.svg|23px|Vexillum Austriae]] || [[Austria]] – Res publica Austriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Belgium.svg|23px|Vexillum Belgicae]] || [[Belgica]] vel Belgia vel Belgium – Regnum Belgicae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg|23px|Vexillum Bosniae et Herzegovinae]] || [[Bosnia et Herzegovina|Bosnia et Hertsegovina]] (vel ''Bassania et Chelmania'' classicae)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|23px|Vexillum Regni Uniti]] || [[Britanniarum Regnum]] – Regnum Unitum Britanniae Maioris Hiberniaeque Septentrionalis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bulgaria.svg|23px|Vexillum Bulgariae]] || [[Bulgaria]] – Res publica Bulgariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|23px|Vexillum Czechiae]] || [[Cechia]] – Res publica Bohemica
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Croatia.svg|23px|Vexillum Croatiae]] || [[Croatia]] – Res publica Croatiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cyprus.svg|23px|Vexillum Cypri]] || [[Cyprus]] – Res publica Cypri
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Denmark.svg|23px|Vexillum Daniae]] || [[Dania]] (vel ''Cimbria'' classica) – Regnum Daniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Estonia.svg|23px|Vexillum Estoniae]] || [[Estonia]] – Res publica Estoniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Finland.svg|23px|Vexillum Finniae]] || [[Finnia]] vel Finlandia vel Finnonia – Res publica Finniae 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of France.svg|23px|Vexillum Franciae]] || [[Francia]] vel ''Gallia'' sive Francogallia – Res publica Francogallica
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Germany.svg|23px|Vexillum Germania]] || [[Germania]] vel Res Publica Foederata Germania – Res publica Foederata Germaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Greece.svg|23px|Vexillum Graciae]] || [[Graecia]] – Res publica Hellenica
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Switzerland.svg|23px|Vexillum Helvetiae]] || [[Helvetia]] – Confoederatio Helvetica 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ireland.svg|23px|Vexillum Hiberniae]] || [[Hibernia (res publica)|Hibernia]] – Res publica Hiberniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Spain.svg|23px|Vexillum Hispaniae]] || [[Hispania]] – Regnum Hispaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Hungary.svg|23px|Vexillum Hungariae]] || [[Hungaria]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Iceland.svg|23px|Vexillum Islandiae]] || [[Islandia]] – Res publica Islandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|23px|Vexillum Italiae]] || '''[[Italia]]''' (patria Romanorum) – '''Res publica Italica'''
|-
|[[Fasciculus:Flag of Kosovo.svg|frameless|23x23px]]
|[[Kosovia|Cosovia]] vel Campus Merlinus – Res publica Cosoviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Latvia.svg|23px|Vexillum Latviae]] || [[Lettonia]] – Res publica Lettoniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg|23px|Vexillum Lichtensteni]] || [[Lichtenstenum]] – Principatus Lichtensteni
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Lithuania.svg|23px|Vexillum Lithuaniae]] || [[Lituania]] – Res publica Lituaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Portugal.svg|23px|Vexillum Lusitaniae]] || [[Lusitania]] vel Portugallia – Res publica Lusitana
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Luxembourg.svg|23px|Vexillum Luxemburgi]] || [[Luxemburgum]] vel Luxemburgia – Ducatus Maior Luxemburgi
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Republic of Macedonia.svg|23px|Vexillum Macedoniae]] || [[Macedonia Septentrionalis]] – Res publica Macedoniae Septentrionalis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Malta.svg|23px|Vexillum Melitae]] || [[Melita]] – Res publica Melitae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Moldova.svg|23px|VexillumMoldavie]] || [[Moldavia]] – Res publica Moldaviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Monaco.svg|23px|Vexillum Monoeci]] || [[Monoecus]] – Principatus Monoeci
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Montenegro.svg|23px|Vexillum Montis Negri]] || [[Mons Niger]] (vel ''Doclea'' antiqua) – Res publica Montis Nigri
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|23px|Vexillum Nederlandiae]] || [[Nederlandia]] vel ''Batavia'' – Regnum Nederlandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Norway.svg|23px|Vexillum Norvegiae]] || [[Norvegia]] – Regnum Norvegiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Poland.svg|23px|Vexillum Poloniae]] || [[Polonia]] – Res publica Poloniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of San Marino.svg|23px|Vexillum Rei publicae Sancti Marini]] || [[Res publica Sancti Marini|Sanctus Marinus]] – Res publica Sancti Marini
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Romania.svg|23px|Vexillum Romaniae]] || [[Romania]] (vel ''Dacia'' antiqua) – Res publica Romaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Russia.svg|23px|Vexillum Russiae]] || [[Russia]] vel Ruthenia – Foederatio Ruthenica 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Belarus.svg|23px|Vexillum Belorussiae]] || [[Ruthenia Alba]] – Res publica Rutheniae Albae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Serbia.svg|23px|Vexillum Serbiae]] || [[Serbia]] – Res publica Serbiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Slovakia.svg|23px|Vexillum Slovaciae]] || [[Slovacia]] – Res publica Slovaciensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Slovenia.svg|23px|Vexillum Sloveniae]] || [[Slovenia]] (vel ''Noricum'' antiquum) – Res publica Sloveniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sweden.svg|23px|Vexillum Sueciae]] || [[Suecia]] vel Suetia sive ''Suevia'' classica – Regnum Sueciae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ukraine.svg|23px|Vexillum Ucraniae]] || [[Ucraina]] (vel ''Sarmatia'', ''Roxolania'' antiqua)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Vatican City.svg|23px|Vexillum Civitatis Vaticanae]] || [[Civitas Vaticana|Vaticanum]] vel [[Civitas Vaticana]], publice Vaticanus Ager – Status Civitas Vaticanae
|}

== [[Oceania]] ==
[[Fasciculus:World Map 1689.JPG|thumb|Orbis terrarum descriptio anni [[1689]] quae multas insulas [[Oceanus Pacificus|Oceani Pacifici]] ostendit.]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Australia.svg|23px|Vexillum Australiae]] || [[Australia]] – Consortio Australiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Palau.svg|23px|Vexillum Belaviae]] || [[Insulae Palauenses|Palau]] vel Insulae Palauenses – Res publica Palaui
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Cook]] ||[[Foederatae Micronesiae Civitates|Micronesia]] – [[Foederatae Micronesiae Civitates]] 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Marsaliensium]] || [[Insulae Marsalienses]] – Res publica Insularum Marsaliensium
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Salomonium]] || [[Insulae Salomonis]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kiribati.svg|23px|Vexillum Kiribati]] || [[Kiribati]] – Res publica Ciribasus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Nauru.svg|23px|Vexillum Nauru]] || [[Nauru]] – Res publica Naurus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of New Zealand.svg|23px|Vexillum Novae Zelandiae]] || [[Nova Zelandia]] –Regnum Novae Zelandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg|23px|Vexillum Papuae Novae Guineae]] || [[Papua Nova Guinea]] – Status Independens Papuae Novae Guineae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Samoa.svg|23px|Vexillum Samoae]] || [[Insulae Samoanae (Occidentales)|Samoa]] – Status Independens Samoae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tonga.svg|23px|Vexillum Tongae]] || [[Tonga]] – Regnum Tongae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tuvalu.svg|23px|Vexillum Tuvalu]] || [[Tuvalu]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Vanuatu.svg|23px|Vexillum Vanuatu]] || [[Vanuatu]] – Res publica Vanuatus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Fiji.svg|23px|Vexillum Fiji]] || [[Insulae Fidzienses|Viti]] – Res publica Vitiis
|}

{{NexInt}}
* [[Geographia]]
* [[CN|Nationes Consociatae]]
* [[Terrae antiquae cognitae]]

== Bibliographia ==
* {{Graesse}}.

== Nexus externi ==
* [http://mmh.cz/sklad/lamj.htm Lexicum nominum geographicorum Latinorum.]
* [[:en:Latin_names_of_regions|Vicipaedia Anglica: nomina regionum.]]

{{Continentes Terrae}}
{{Societas humana}}

[[Categoria:Indices civitatum]]
[[Categoria:Nationes|!]]
{{Myrias|Geographia}}</text>
      <sha1>9xtzixq9f39nhollj97v3fjedp4vh16</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964309</id>
      <parentid>3964299</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T22:01:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Grufo</username>
        <id>64423</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam redintegravi, sed inspectio ulterior requiritur</comment>
      <origin>3964309</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="32349" sha1="3wfancthlhhz2etct6pvac90sb9fzw5" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Rotating earth (large).gif|thumb|Rotans [[Tellus|Telluris]] globus.]]
[[Fasciculus:Kepler-world.jpg|thumb|[[Tabula geographica]] mundi.]]

{{res|Index civitatum sui iuris}} [[libertas|liberas]] mundi [[civitas|civitates]], quae [[civitas sui iuris|suo iure]] [[imperium|imperioque]] reguntur,  numerat. Hoc agendo {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Definitio|definitioni|en|qid=Q101072}} [[Consociatio Nationum|Consociationis Nationum]] obtemperamus, quamquam a definitione communi Latina [[natio]]nis aliquantulo discrepamus.

[[Civitas]], ut [[Thomas Hobbius|Hobbes]] definit, &quot;est ''[[persona (ius)|persona]] una'', cuius ''[[voluntas]]'', ex pactis plurium hominum, pro ''voluntate'' habenda est ipsorum omnium; ut singulorum viribus et facultatibus uti possit, ad pacem et defensionem communem.&quot; Hoc est, civitas est omnes cives sensu abstracto qui cuncti eorum ius ad personam regnantem delegant, quae persona potest esse [[institutum]] publicum, [[magistratus]], [[rex]], et aliae res. 

[[Populus]] ab antiquitate dicitur omnes cuiusdam civitatis cives, sensu concreto, qui una omnes rei publicae magistratús cooptant. [[Gens]] et [[natio]] plerumque [[familia]]rum multitudo dicitur cognatarum per civitatem, natum, [[cultus|cultum]], vel progeniem. 

Olim [[Romani]] sicut [[Caesar]] et [[Cicero]] praecipue ''gentes'' dicere solebant tales qui in [[Imperium Romanum|Imperio Romano]] vivebant, qui numquam propriam civitatem suam habuerunt, sed nomen quoddam communicabant. Exempli gratia erant gentes [[gens Iulia|Iulia]] et [[gens Aemilia|Aemilia]]. ''Nationes'' autem dicebant praecipue qui extra [[Imperium Romanum|imperium]] vivebant, sicut [[Germani]], vel qui olim civitatem suam habuerunt. Cicero, qui appellabat Germanos, [[Galli|Gallos]], [[Africa]]nos, [[Hispani|Hispanos]] &quot;immanes ac barbarae nationes,&quot; ait &quot;omnes nationes [[servitus|servitutem]] ferre possunt, nostra civitas non potest.&quot; 

Romanis quidem [[vocabulum]] ''natio'' idem significabat ut nobis hodie, quod demonstrat &quot;Porticus ad Nationes&quot; ab [[Augustus|Augusto]] factus, sic nominatus, qui habebat quattuordecim simulacra, omnes nationes cognitas repraesentantia. 

Verumtamen sensu latissimo vocabulum ''gens'' saepe sensum nationis quoque concludit, sicut terminus qui usquequaeque complectit omnes homines, familiae, gentes, nationes, imperia. [[Maurus Servius Honoratus]] igitur de porticu scripsit: 
:''dona recognoscit populorum aurum coronarium'' dicit, ''quod triumphantibus hodieque a victis gentibus datur.'' Inponebant autem hoc imperatores propter concessam immunitatem. Ideo ergo dixit 'dona': nam si hoc non esset, spolia diceret. Aptatque superbis postibus porticum enim Augustus fecerat in qua simulacra omnium gentium conlocaverat: quae porticus appellabatur &quot;ad nationes.&quot;

Imperio Romano victo, post [[medium aevum]], iam [[saeculum 17|saeculo septimo decimo]], multa nova regimina instituta sunt, ubi saepissime quodque regimen solam suam propriam gentem regebat. [[Philosophus|Philosophi]] ea aetate igitur varios regiminis status vel constitutiones distinguere solebant, sicut imperii statum, nationis statum, civitatis statum, gentis statum.
* imperii statum habet regimen quod multis gentibus vel nationibus imperat
* nationis statum habet regimen cuius cives plerumque ab certa gente vel natione sunt
* civitatis statum habet regimen cuius cives ab multis gentibus sunt, quod imperium super nullam gentem integram habet
* gentis statum habet gens quae propria civitate caret

Possumus etiam simpliciter loqui de [[gens|gente]], [[natione sine statu]], [[natio]] (natio cum statu civitatis), [[civitas|civitate]], [[imperium|imperio]].

== Index nationum mundi ==
{{Pars vicificanda}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable tabelle-kopf-fixiert mw-sticky-header-element&quot;
! Natio seu regnum
! Nomen longum
! [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]]
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Populus&lt;br /&gt;2022&lt;ref name=dsw&gt;[https://www.dsw.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Datenreport_2024_web.pdf DSW-Datenreport 2024]&lt;/ref&gt;
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Area&lt;br /&gt;in km²&lt;ref name=&quot;Flaeche&quot;&gt;{{Opus
	| titulus = Angaben zur Fläche
	| tempus = 2025-10-16
	| domus editoria = cia.gov
	| url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/area/
	| salus url = obiit
	| retrospectio = 20240105164242
}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Densitas per km²
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Vexillum
! Sigla ISO-3
! Sigla ISO-2
! Sigla Interretiali
! Nomen [[lingua Anglica|Anglice]]
! Nomen sua in lingua

|- style=&quot;border:0; background:#FFFFFF; height:4px&quot;
| colspan=&quot;12&quot; |

|- style=&quot;background:#F3F9FF&quot;
| '''[[Mundus]]'''
| —
| —
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; | {{num|7 963 000 000}}
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; style=&quot;max-width:0&quot; | {{num|510 072 000}} &lt;small&gt;summa *&amp;#8239;{{num|135 700 000}} sine [[Antarctica]] nec [[Oceanus|oceanis]]&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; style=&quot;max-width:0&quot; | {{Cifrae significantes| 7536000 / 510072 | 3}}&lt;small&gt;summa&lt;br /&gt;*&amp;#8239;{{Cifrae significantes| 7536000 / 135700 | 3}}&amp;#8239;sine Antarctica nec oceanis&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;| —
| —
| —
| —
| Earth
| —

|- style=&quot;border:0; background:#FFFFFF; height:4px&quot;
| colspan=&quot;12&quot; |
|- class=&quot;hintergrundfarbe6&quot;
! Natio seu regnum
! Nomen longum
! [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]]
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Populus&lt;br /&gt;2022&lt;ref name=dsw&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Area&lt;br /&gt;in km²&lt;ref name=&quot;Flaeche&quot; /&gt;
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Densitas per km²
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Vexillum
! Sigla ISO-3
! Sigla ISO-2
! Sigla Interretiali
! Nomen [[lingua Anglica|Anglice]]
! Nomen sua in lingua
|}

== [[Africa]] ==
[[Fasciculus:Africae tabula nova.jpg|thumb|Africa anno [[1570]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Mercator Africa 037.jpg|thumb|Africa anno [[1595]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Afrika Map 1660.JPG|thumb|Africa anno [[1660]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Map_of_Africa_from_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_1890.jpg|thumb|Africa anno [[1890]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Africa1910s.jpg|thumb|Africa anno [[1910]].]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Egypt.svg|23px|Vexillum Aegypti]] || [[Aegyptus]] –  Res publica Arabica Aegypti
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ethiopia.svg|23px|Vexillum Aethiopiae]] || [[Aethiopia]] – Res publica Democratica Foederalis Aethiopiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of South Africa.svg|23px|Vexillum Rei Publicae Africae Australis]] || [[Africa Australis]] – Res publica Africae Australis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Algeria.svg|23px|Vexillum Algerii]] || [[Algerium]] (vel ''Numidia antiqua'' sive ''Mauretania Caesariensis'') - Res publica Democratica Popularis Algerii
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Angola.svg|23px|Vexillum Angoliae]] || [[Angolia]] – Res publica Angolae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Benin.svg|23px|Vexillum Benini]] || [[Beninum]] – Res publica Benini
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Botswana.svg|23px|Vexillum Botsuanae]] || [[Botsuana]] – Res publica Botsuanae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|23px|Vexillum Burkinae Fasonis]] || [[Burcina Faso]] 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Burundi.svg|23px|Vexillum Burundiae]] || [[Burundia]] – Res publica Burundiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cameroon.svg|23px|Vexillum Cameroniae]] || [[Cammarunia]] – Res publica Cammaruniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Eritrea.svg|23px|Vexillum Erythraeae]] || [[Erythraea]] – Civitas Erythraeae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Gabon.svg|23px|Vexillum Gaboniae]] || [[Gabonia]] – Res publica Gaboniensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of The Gambia.svg|23px|Vexillum Gambiae]] || [[Gambia]] — Res publica Gambiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ghana.svg|23px|Vexillum Ganae]] || [[Gana]] – Res publica Ganae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Djibouti.svg|23px|Vexillum Gibuti]] || [[Gibutum]] – Res publica Gibuti
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Guinea.svg|23px|Vexillum Guineae]] || [[Guinea]] – Res publica Guineae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg|23px|Vexillum Guineae Aequinoctialis]] || [[Guinea Aequatorensis|Guinea Aequinoctialis]] – Res publica Guineae Aequinoctialis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg|23px|Vexillum Guineaa Bissaviensis]] || [[Guinea Bissaviensis]] – Res publica Guineae Bissaviensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Comoros.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Comorianarum]] || [[Insulae Comorianae]] – Unio Comorianarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Seychelles.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Seisellensium]] || [[Insulae Seisellenses]] – Res publica Insularum Seisellensium
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kenya.svg|23px|Vexillum Kenyae]] || [[Kenia]] – Res publica Keniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Lesotho.svg|23px|Vexillum Lesothi]] || [[Lesothum]] – Regnum Lesothi
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Liberia.svg|23px|Vexillum Liberiae]] || [[Liberia]] – Res publica Liberiae 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Libya.svg|23px|Vexillum Libyae]] || [[Libya]] (prior [[Cyrenaica]] et [[Tripolitania]]) – Civitas Libyae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg|23px|Vexillum Litoris Eburnei]] || [[Litus Eburneum]] – Res publica Litoris Eburnei
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Madagascar.svg|23px|Vexillum Madagascar]] || [[Madagascaria]] – Res publica Madagascariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Malawi.svg|23px|Vexillum Malavii]] || [[Malavium|Malavia]] – Res publica Malaviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mali.svg|23px|Vexillum Mali]] || [[Malium|Malia]] – Res publica Maliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Morocco.svg|23px|Vexillum Marochii]] || [[Marocum]] – Regnum Maroci
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mauritania.svg|23px|Vexillum Mauretaniae]] || [[Mauretania|Mauritania]] – Res publica Islamica Mauritaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mauritius.svg|23px|Vexillum Mauritiae]] || [[Mauritia]] – Res publica Mauritiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sierra Leone.svg|23px|Vexillum Mons Leonini]] || [[Mons Leoninus]] – Res publica Montis Leonini
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mozambique.svg|23px|Vexillum Mozambici]] || [[Mozambicum]] – Res publica Mozambici
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Namibia.svg|23px|Vexillum Namibiae]] || [[Namibia]] – Res publica Namibiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Niger.svg|23px|Vexillum Nigritaniae]] || [[Nigerium|Nigritania]] – Res publica Nigritaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Nigeria.svg|23px|Vexillum Nigeriae]] || [[Nigeria]] – Res publica Foederata Nigeriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cape Verde.svg|23px|Vexillum Promontorii Viridis]] || [[Caput Viride|Promontorium Viride]] – Res publica Promontorii Viridis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Puntland.svg|23px|Vexillum Puntlandiae]] || [[Puntlandia]] – Civitas Puntlandiae de Somalia
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Central African Republic.svg|23px|Vexillum Reipublicae Mediae Africae]] || [[Respublica Mediae Africae|Res publica Mediae Africae]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg|23px|Vexillum Reipublicae Congensis]] || [[Respublica Congensis|Res publica Congensis]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg|23px|Vexillum Reipublicae Democratica Congensis]] || [[Respublica Democratica Congensis|Res publica Democratica Congensis]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Rwanda.svg|23px|Vexillum Ruandae]] || [[Ruanda]] – Res publica Ruandae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg|23px|Vexillum Senegaliae]] || [[Res Publica Democratica Arabica Saharensis|Sahara Occidentalis]] – Res publica Democratica Arabica Saharensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Sancti Thomae et Principis]] || [[Insulae Sancti Thomae et Principis|Sanctus Thomas et Princeps]] – Res publica Democratica Sancti Thomae et Principis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Senegal.svg|23px|Vexillum Senegaliae]] || [[Senegalia]] – Res publica Senegaliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Somalia.svg|23px|Vexillum Somaliae]] || [[Somalia]] – Res publica Foederata Somaliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Somaliland.svg|23px|Vexillum Somalilandiae]] || [[Somalilandia]] – Res publica Somalilandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Swaziland.svg|23px|Vexillum Suaziae]] || [[Suazia]] vel Esuatinium – Regnum Suaziae/Esuatinii
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sudan.svg|23px|Vexillum Sudaniae]] || [[Sudania]] (''[[Nubia]]'' antiqua) – Res publica Sudaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of South Sudan.svg|23px|Vexillum Sudaniae Australis]] || [[Sudania Australis]] – Res publica Sudaniae Australis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tanzania.svg|23px|Vexillum Tanzaniae]] || [[Tanzania]] – Res publica Unita Tanzaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Togo (3-2).svg|23px|Vexillum Togi]] || [[Togum]] – Res publica Togensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tunisia.svg|23px|Vexillum Tunesiae]] || [[Tunesia]] – Res publica Tunesiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Chad.svg|23px|Vexillum Tzadiae]] || [[Tzadia]] – Res publica Tzadiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Uganda.svg|23px|Vexillum Ugandae]] || [[Uganda]] – Res publica Ugandae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Zambia.svg|23px|Vexillum Zambiae]] || [[Zambia]] – Res publica Zambiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|23px|Vexillum Zimbabuiae]] || [[Zimbabuia|Zimbabua]] (vel ''Rhodesia'' antiqua) – Res publica Zimbabuae
|}

== [[America Septentrionalis]] ==

[[Fasciculus:Orteliusamerica.jpg|thumb|right|Americae sive Novi Orbis, Nova Descriptio.Ortelius, anno [[1595]] (dicit annum [[1587]]).]]
[[Fasciculus:America-1705.jpg|thumb|America Septentrionalis et Meridionalis anno [[1705]].]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg|23px|Vexillum Antiquae et Barbudae]] || [[Antiqua et Barbuda]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Barbados.svg|23px|Vexillum Barbatae]] || [[Barbata]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Belize.svg|23px|Vexillum Belizae]] || [[Beliza]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Canada.svg|23px|Vexillum Canadae]] || [[Canada]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the United States.svg|23px|Vexillum CFA]] || [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cuba.svg|23px|Vexillum Cubae]] || [[Cuba]] – Res publica Cubae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Dominica.svg|23px|Vexillum Dominicae]] || [[Dominica (civitas)|Dominica]] – Consortio Dominicae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Grenada.svg|23px|Vexillum Grenadae]] || [[Granata (Caribbaea)|Granata]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Guatemala.svg|23px|Vexillum Guatemalae]] || [[Guatemala|Guatimalia]] – Res publica Guatimaliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Haiti.svg|23px|Vexillum Haitiae]] || [[Haitia]] – Res publica Haitiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Honduras (2022–present).svg|23px|Vexillum Honduriae]] || [[Honduria]] – Res publica Honduriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Jamaica.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Bahamensium]] || [[Iamaica]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Bahamas.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Bahamensium]] || [[Insulae Bahamenses|Insulae Bahamae]] – Res publica Bahamae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mexico.svg|23px|Vexillum Mexici]] || [[Mexicum]] – Civitates Unitae Mexicenses
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Nicaragua.svg|23px|Vexillum Nicaraguae]] || [[Nicaragua]] – Res publica Nicaraguae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Costa Rica (state).svg|23px|Vexillum Orae Opulentae]] || [[Ora Opulenta|Ora Dives]] – Res publica Orae Divitis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Panama.svg|23px|Vexillum Panamae]] || [[Panama]] – Res publica Panamae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg|23px|Vexillum Reipublicae Dominicanae]] || [[Respublica Dominicana|Res publica Dominicana]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of El Salvador.svg|23px|Vexillum Salvatoria]] || [[Salvatoria]] – Res publica Salvatoriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg|23px|Vexillum Sanctae Luciae]] || [[Sancta Lucia]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg|23px|Vexillum Sancti Christophori et Nivis]] || [[Sanctus Christophorus et Nives]] – Foederatio Sancti Christophori et Nivium
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg|23px|Vexillum Sancti Vincenti et Granatinae]] || [[Sanctus Vincentius et Granatinae]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg|23px|Vexillum Trinitatis et Tabaci]] || [[Trinitas et Tabacum]] – Res publica Trinitatis et Tabaci
|}

== [[America Meridionalis|America Australis]] ==

[[Fasciculus:1606 America Merid. Mercator mr.jpg|thumb|America Australis seu Meriodionalis anno [[1606]].]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ecuador.svg|23px|Vexillum Aequatoriae]] || [[Aequatoria]] – Res publica Aequatoriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Argentina.svg|23px|Vexillum Argentiniae]] || [[Argentina]] – Res publica Argentinae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bolivia.svg|23px|Vexillum Boliviae]] || [[Bolivia]] – Civitas Plurinationalis Boliviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Brazil.svg|23px|Vexillum Brasiliae]] || [[Brasilia]] – Res publica Foederata Brasiliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Chile.svg|23px|Vexillum Chiliae]] || [[Chilia]] – Res publica Chiliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Colombia.svg|23px|Vexillum Colombiae]] || [[Columbia]] – Res publica Columbiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Guyana.svg|23px|Vexillum Guyanae]] || [[Guiana]] – Res publica Cooperativa Guianae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Paraguay.svg|23px|Vexillum Paraquariae]] || [[Paraquaria]] vel Paraguaia – Res publica Paraquariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Peru.svg|23px|Vexillum Peruviae]] || [[Peruvia]] – Res publica Peruviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Suriname.svg|23px|Vexillum Surinamiae]] || [[Surinamia]] – Res publica Surinamiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Uruguay.svg|23px|Vexillum Uraquariae]] || [[Uraquaria|Uruquaria]] – Res publica Orientalis Uruquariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Venezuela.svg|23px|Vexillum Venetiolae]] || [[Venetiola]] – Res publica Bolivariana Venetiolae
|}

== [[Asia]] ==

[[Fasciculus:PtolemyWorldMap.jpg|thumb|Tabula [[Claudius Ptolemaeus|Ptolemaei]] anni [[150]] (saeculo XV redescripta).]]
[[Fasciculus:TabulaRogeriana.jpg|thumb|Tabula Rogeriana anni [[1154]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Abraham Ortelius Map of Asia 1595.jpg|thumb|Asia anno [[1595]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Jodocus Hondius Map of Asia 1607.jpg|thumb|Asia anno [[1607]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Iran e Bozorg2.jpg|thumb|Asia anno [[1719]].]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Taliban.svg|23x23px|Vexillum Afganiae]]|| [[Afgania]] –  Emirate Islamico Afganae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|23px|Vexillum Arabiaa Saudianae]] || [[Arabia Saudiana|Arabia Saudita]] – Regnum Arabiae Sauditae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Armenia.svg|23px|Vexillum Armeniae]] || [[Armenia]] – Res publica Armeniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg|23px|Vexillum Atropatenae]] || [[Atropatene (res publica)|Atropatene]] – Res publica Atropatenes
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bahrain.svg|23px|Vexillum Baharinae]] || [[Baharina]] – Regnum Baharinae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|23px|Vexillum Bangladeshae]] || [[Bangladesha|Bangladesa]] – Res publica Popularis Bangladesae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Myanmar.svg|23px|Vexillum Myanmar]] || [[Birmania]] vel Myanmar – Res publica Unionis Birmaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Brunei.svg|23px|Vexillum Bruneii]] || [[Bruneium]] – Natio Bruneii, Loci Pacis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bhutan.svg|23px|Vexillum Butaniae]] || [[Butania]] – Regnum Butaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cambodia.svg|23px|Vexillum Cambosiae]] || [[Cambosia]] – Regnum Cambosiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|23px|Vexillum Casachiae]] || [[Casachia]] vel Casachistania – Res publica Casachiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg|23px|Vexillum Chirgisiae]] || [[Chirgisia]] vel Cirgisia (sive ''Issedonia'' antiqua) – Res publica Chirgisiensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of South Korea.svg|23px|Vexillum Rei Publicae Coreae]] || [[Respublica Coreana|Corea Meridionalis]] – Res publica Coreae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of North Korea.svg|23px|Vexillum Coreae Septentrionalis]] || [[Respublica Popularis Democratica Coreana|Corea Septentrionalis]] – Res publica Popularis Democratica Coreae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kuwait.svg|23px|Vexillum Cuvaiti]] || [[Cuvaitum]] – Civitas Cuvaiti
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|23px|Vexillum Emiratuum Arabicorum Unitorum]] || [[Emiratus Arabi Uniti|Emiratus Arabici Coniucti]] (vel ''Macaea'' antiqua)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Georgia.svg|23px|Vexillum Georgiae]] || [[Georgia]] (vel ''Colchis'' antiqua)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Japan.svg|23px|Vexillum Iaponiae]] || [[Iaponia]] – Natio Iaponiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Yemen.svg|23px|Vexillum Iemeniae]] || [[Iemenia]] (vel ''Arabia Felix'' antiqua) – Res publica Iemeniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of India.svg|23px|Vexillum Indiae]] || [[India]] – Res publica Indiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Indonesia.svg|23px|Vexillum Indonesiae]] || [[Indonesia]] – Res publica Indonesiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Maldives.svg|23px|Vexillum Insulae Maldivae]] || [[Insulae Maldivae]] – Res publica Maldivarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Jordan.svg|23px|Vexillum Iordaniae]] || [[Iordania]] – Regnum Hasimita Iordaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Iraq.svg|23px|Vexillum Iraquiae]] || [[Iraquia|Iraca]] (vel ''Mesopotamia'' antiqua) – Res publica Iracae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Iran.svg|23px|Vexillum Iraniae]] || [[Irania]] (vel ''Persia'' antiqua) – Res publica Islamica Iraniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Israel.svg|23px|Vexillum Israëlis]] || [[Israël]] – Natio Israëlis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Laos.svg|23px|Vexillum Laoniae]] || [[Laonia|Laotia]] – Res publica Democratica Popularis Laotiensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Lebanon.svg|23px|Vexillum Libani]] || [[Libanus]] – Res publica Libanensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Malaysia.svg|23px|Vexillum Malaesiae]] || [[Malaesia]] – Foederatio Malaesiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mongolia.svg|23px|Vexillum Mongoliae]] || [[Mongolia]] (vel ''Dachuria'' classica)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Nepal.svg|23px|Vexillum Nepaliae]] || [[Nepalia]] – Res publica Foederata Democratica Nepaliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Oman.svg|23px|Vexillum Omaniae]] || [[Omania]] – Sultanatus Omaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Pakistan.svg|23px|Vexillum Pakistaniae]] || [[Pakistania|Pacistania]] – Res publica Islamica Pacistaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Palestine.svg|23px|Vexillum Palaestinae]] || [[Palaestina]] – Natio Palaestinae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Philippines.svg|23px|Vexillum Philippinarum]] || [[Philippinae]] (vel ''Prasodum Insulae'' antiquae) – Res publica Philippinarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Qatar.svg|23px|Vexillum Quatariae]] || [[Quataria]] – Natio Quatariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|23px|Vexillum Sinarum]] ||[[Res publica popularis Sinarum|Sinae]] – Res publica Popularis Sinarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Russia.svg|23px|Vexillum Russiae]] || [[Russia]] vel Ruthenia –  Ruthenica
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Singapore.svg|23px|Vexillum Singapurae]] || [[Singapura]] – Res publica Singapurae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sri Lanka.svg|23px|Vexillum Sri Lankae]] || [[Sri Lanca|Srilanca]] (vel ''Selediva'' sive Taprobane antiquae) – Res publica Democratica Socialista Srilancae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Syria.svg|23px|Vexillum Syriae]] || [[Syria]] – Res publica Arabica Syriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tajikistan.svg|23px|Vexillum Tajikistan]] || [[Tadzikistania|Tagicistania]] (vel ''Sogdiana'' antiqua)– Res publica Tagicistaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|23px|Vexillum Rei publicae Sinensis]] || [[Respublica Sinarum|Taivania]] vel Formosa – Res publica Sinarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Thailand.svg|23px|Vexillum Thailandiae]] || [[Thailandia]] – Regnum Thailandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of East Timor.svg|23px|Vexillum Timoriae Orientalis]] || [[Timoria Orientalis]] – Res publica Timoriae Orientalis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Turkey.svg|23px|Vexillum Turciae]] || [[Turcia]] – Res publica Turciae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg|23px|Vexillum Turkmenistan]] || [[Turcmenia|Turcomannia]] (vel ''Saccaea'' antiqua)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Uzbekistan.svg|23px|Vexillum Uzbekistan]] || [[Uzbecia|Usbecia]] (vel ''Bactria'' antiqua) – Res publica Usbeciae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Vietnam.svg|23px|Vexillum Vietnamiae]] || [[Vietnamia]] – Res publica Socialista Vietnamiae
|}

== [[Europa]] ==
[[Fasciculus:1589 Europa Mercator.jpg|thumb|Europa anno [[1589]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Abraham Ortelius Map of Europe.jpg|thumb|Europa anno [[1595]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Evropa-recens-deferipta.jpg|thumb|Europa recens descripta?]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Republic of Abkhazia.svg|23px|Vexillum Abaaciae]] || [[Abascia]] – Res publica Abasciae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Albania.svg|23px|Vexillum Albaniae]] || [[Albania]] vel Epirus – Res publica Albaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Andorra.svg|23px|Vexillum Andorrae]] || [[Andorra]] – Principatus Andorrae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Austria.svg|23px|Vexillum Austriae]] || [[Austria]] – Res publica Austriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Belgium.svg|23px|Vexillum Belgicae]] || [[Belgica]] vel Belgia vel Belgium – Regnum Belgicae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg|23px|Vexillum Bosniae et Herzegovinae]] || [[Bosnia et Herzegovina|Bosnia et Hertsegovina]] (vel ''Bassania et Chelmania'' classicae)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|23px|Vexillum Regni Uniti]] || [[Britanniarum Regnum]] – Regnum Unitum Britanniae Maioris Hiberniaeque Septentrionalis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bulgaria.svg|23px|Vexillum Bulgariae]] || [[Bulgaria]] – Res publica Bulgariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|23px|Vexillum Czechiae]] || [[Cechia]] – Res publica Bohemica
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Croatia.svg|23px|Vexillum Croatiae]] || [[Croatia]] – Res publica Croatiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cyprus.svg|23px|Vexillum Cypri]] || [[Cyprus]] – Res publica Cypri
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Denmark.svg|23px|Vexillum Daniae]] || [[Dania]] (vel ''Cimbria'' classica) – Regnum Daniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Estonia.svg|23px|Vexillum Estoniae]] || [[Estonia]] – Res publica Estoniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Finland.svg|23px|Vexillum Finniae]] || [[Finnia]] vel Finlandia vel Finnonia – Res publica Finniae 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of France.svg|23px|Vexillum Franciae]] || [[Francia]] vel ''Gallia'' sive Francogallia – Res publica Francogallica
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Germany.svg|23px|Vexillum Germania]] || [[Germania]] vel Res Publica Foederata Germania – Res publica Foederata Germaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Greece.svg|23px|Vexillum Graciae]] || [[Graecia]] – Res publica Hellenica
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Switzerland.svg|23px|Vexillum Helvetiae]] || [[Helvetia]] – Confoederatio Helvetica 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ireland.svg|23px|Vexillum Hiberniae]] || [[Hibernia (res publica)|Hibernia]] – Res publica Hiberniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Spain.svg|23px|Vexillum Hispaniae]] || [[Hispania]] – Regnum Hispaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Hungary.svg|23px|Vexillum Hungariae]] || [[Hungaria]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Iceland.svg|23px|Vexillum Islandiae]] || [[Islandia]] – Res publica Islandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|23px|Vexillum Italiae]] || '''[[Italia]]''' (patria Romanorum) – '''Res publica Italica'''
|-
|[[Fasciculus:Flag of Kosovo.svg|frameless|23x23px]]
|[[Kosovia|Cosovia]] vel Campus Merlinus – Res publica Cosoviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Latvia.svg|23px|Vexillum Latviae]] || [[Lettonia]] – Res publica Lettoniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg|23px|Vexillum Lichtensteni]] || [[Lichtenstenum]] – Principatus Lichtensteni
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Lithuania.svg|23px|Vexillum Lithuaniae]] || [[Lituania]] – Res publica Lituaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Portugal.svg|23px|Vexillum Lusitaniae]] || [[Lusitania]] vel Portugallia – Res publica Lusitana
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Luxembourg.svg|23px|Vexillum Luxemburgi]] || [[Luxemburgum]] vel Luxemburgia – Ducatus Maior Luxemburgi
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Republic of Macedonia.svg|23px|Vexillum Macedoniae]] || [[Macedonia Septentrionalis]] – Res publica Macedoniae Septentrionalis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Malta.svg|23px|Vexillum Melitae]] || [[Melita]] – Res publica Melitae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Moldova.svg|23px|VexillumMoldavie]] || [[Moldavia]] – Res publica Moldaviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Monaco.svg|23px|Vexillum Monoeci]] || [[Monoecus]] – Principatus Monoeci
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Montenegro.svg|23px|Vexillum Montis Negri]] || [[Mons Niger]] (vel ''Doclea'' antiqua) – Res publica Montis Nigri
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|23px|Vexillum Nederlandiae]] || [[Nederlandia]] vel ''Batavia'' – Regnum Nederlandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Norway.svg|23px|Vexillum Norvegiae]] || [[Norvegia]] – Regnum Norvegiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Poland.svg|23px|Vexillum Poloniae]] || [[Polonia]] – Res publica Poloniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of San Marino.svg|23px|Vexillum Rei publicae Sancti Marini]] || [[Res publica Sancti Marini|Sanctus Marinus]] – Res publica Sancti Marini
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Romania.svg|23px|Vexillum Romaniae]] || [[Romania]] (vel ''Dacia'' antiqua) – Res publica Romaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Russia.svg|23px|Vexillum Russiae]] || [[Russia]] vel Ruthenia – Foederatio Ruthenica 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Belarus.svg|23px|Vexillum Belorussiae]] || [[Ruthenia Alba]] – Res publica Rutheniae Albae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Serbia.svg|23px|Vexillum Serbiae]] || [[Serbia]] – Res publica Serbiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Slovakia.svg|23px|Vexillum Slovaciae]] || [[Slovacia]] – Res publica Slovaciensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Slovenia.svg|23px|Vexillum Sloveniae]] || [[Slovenia]] (vel ''Noricum'' antiquum) – Res publica Sloveniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sweden.svg|23px|Vexillum Sueciae]] || [[Suecia]] vel Suetia sive ''Suevia'' classica – Regnum Sueciae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ukraine.svg|23px|Vexillum Ucraniae]] || [[Ucraina]] (vel ''Sarmatia'', ''Roxolania'' antiqua)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Vatican City.svg|23px|Vexillum Civitatis Vaticanae]] || [[Civitas Vaticana|Vaticanum]] vel [[Civitas Vaticana]], publice Vaticanus Ager – Status Civitas Vaticanae
|}

== [[Oceania]] ==
[[Fasciculus:World Map 1689.JPG|thumb|Orbis terrarum descriptio anni [[1689]] quae multas insulas [[Oceanus Pacificus|Oceani Pacifici]] ostendit.]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Australia.svg|23px|Vexillum Australiae]] || [[Australia]] – Consortio Australiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Palau.svg|23px|Vexillum Belaviae]] || [[Insulae Palauenses|Palau]] vel Insulae Palauenses – Res publica Palaui
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Cook]] ||[[Foederatae Micronesiae Civitates|Micronesia]] – [[Foederatae Micronesiae Civitates]] 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Marsaliensium]] || [[Insulae Marsalienses]] – Res publica Insularum Marsaliensium
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Salomonium]] || [[Insulae Salomonis]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kiribati.svg|23px|Vexillum Kiribati]] || [[Kiribati]] – Res publica Ciribasus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Nauru.svg|23px|Vexillum Nauru]] || [[Nauru]] – Res publica Naurus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of New Zealand.svg|23px|Vexillum Novae Zelandiae]] || [[Nova Zelandia]] –Regnum Novae Zelandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg|23px|Vexillum Papuae Novae Guineae]] || [[Papua Nova Guinea]] – Status Independens Papuae Novae Guineae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Samoa.svg|23px|Vexillum Samoae]] || [[Insulae Samoanae (Occidentales)|Samoa]] – Status Independens Samoae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tonga.svg|23px|Vexillum Tongae]] || [[Tonga]] – Regnum Tongae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tuvalu.svg|23px|Vexillum Tuvalu]] || [[Tuvalu]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Vanuatu.svg|23px|Vexillum Vanuatu]] || [[Vanuatu]] – Res publica Vanuatus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Fiji.svg|23px|Vexillum Fiji]] || [[Insulae Fidzienses|Viti]] – Res publica Vitiis
|}

{{NexInt}}
* [[Geographia]]
* [[CN|Nationes Consociatae]]
* [[Terrae antiquae cognitae]]

== Bibliographia ==
* {{Graesse}}.

== Nexus externi ==
* [http://mmh.cz/sklad/lamj.htm Lexicum nominum geographicorum Latinorum.]
* [[:en:Latin_names_of_regions|Vicipaedia Anglica: nomina regionum.]]

{{Continentes Terrae}}
{{Societas humana}}

[[Categoria:Indices civitatum]]
[[Categoria:Nationes|!]]
{{Myrias|Geographia}}</text>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-10T22:02:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Grufo</username>
        <id>64423</id>
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      <text bytes="32377" sha1="1req8otwlaoj0lsbdgv71cz69zz5mka" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Rotating earth (large).gif|thumb|Rotans [[Tellus|Telluris]] globus.]]
[[Fasciculus:Kepler-world.jpg|thumb|[[Tabula geographica]] mundi.]]

{{res|Index civitatum sui iuris}} [[libertas|liberas]] mundi [[civitas|civitates]], quae [[civitas sui iuris|suo iure]] [[imperium|imperioque]] reguntur,  numerat. Hoc agendo {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Definitio|definitioni|en|qid=Q101072}} [[Consociatio Nationum|Consociationis Nationum]] obtemperamus, quamquam a definitione communi Latina [[natio]]nis aliquantulo discrepamus.

[[Civitas]], ut [[Thomas Hobbius|Hobbes]] definit, &quot;est ''[[persona (ius)|persona]] una'', cuius ''[[voluntas]]'', ex pactis plurium hominum, pro ''voluntate'' habenda est ipsorum omnium; ut singulorum viribus et facultatibus uti possit, ad pacem et defensionem communem.&quot; Hoc est, civitas est omnes cives sensu abstracto qui cuncti eorum ius ad personam regnantem delegant, quae persona potest esse [[institutum]] publicum, [[magistratus]], [[rex]], et aliae res. 

[[Populus]] ab antiquitate dicitur omnes cuiusdam civitatis cives, sensu concreto, qui una omnes rei publicae magistratús cooptant. [[Gens]] et [[natio]] plerumque [[familia]]rum multitudo dicitur cognatarum per civitatem, natum, [[cultus|cultum]], vel progeniem. 

Olim [[Romani]] sicut [[Caesar]] et [[Cicero]] praecipue ''gentes'' dicere solebant tales qui in [[Imperium Romanum|Imperio Romano]] vivebant, qui numquam propriam civitatem suam habuerunt, sed nomen quoddam communicabant. Exempli gratia erant gentes [[gens Iulia|Iulia]] et [[gens Aemilia|Aemilia]]. ''Nationes'' autem dicebant praecipue qui extra [[Imperium Romanum|imperium]] vivebant, sicut [[Germani]], vel qui olim civitatem suam habuerunt. Cicero, qui appellabat Germanos, [[Galli|Gallos]], [[Africa]]nos, [[Hispani|Hispanos]] &quot;immanes ac barbarae nationes,&quot; ait &quot;omnes nationes [[servitus|servitutem]] ferre possunt, nostra civitas non potest.&quot; 

Romanis quidem [[vocabulum]] ''natio'' idem significabat ut nobis hodie, quod demonstrat &quot;Porticus ad Nationes&quot; ab [[Augustus|Augusto]] factus, sic nominatus, qui habebat quattuordecim simulacra, omnes nationes cognitas repraesentantia. 

Verumtamen sensu latissimo vocabulum ''gens'' saepe sensum nationis quoque concludit, sicut terminus qui usquequaeque complectit omnes homines, familiae, gentes, nationes, imperia. [[Maurus Servius Honoratus]] igitur de porticu scripsit: 
:''dona recognoscit populorum aurum coronarium'' dicit, ''quod triumphantibus hodieque a victis gentibus datur.'' Inponebant autem hoc imperatores propter concessam immunitatem. Ideo ergo dixit 'dona': nam si hoc non esset, spolia diceret. Aptatque superbis postibus porticum enim Augustus fecerat in qua simulacra omnium gentium conlocaverat: quae porticus appellabatur &quot;ad nationes.&quot;

Imperio Romano victo, post [[medium aevum]], iam [[saeculum 17|saeculo septimo decimo]], multa nova regimina instituta sunt, ubi saepissime quodque regimen solam suam propriam gentem regebat. [[Philosophus|Philosophi]] ea aetate igitur varios regiminis status vel constitutiones distinguere solebant, sicut imperii statum, nationis statum, civitatis statum, gentis statum.
* imperii statum habet regimen quod multis gentibus vel nationibus imperat
* nationis statum habet regimen cuius cives plerumque ab certa gente vel natione sunt
* civitatis statum habet regimen cuius cives ab multis gentibus sunt, quod imperium super nullam gentem integram habet
* gentis statum habet gens quae propria civitate caret

Possumus etiam simpliciter loqui de [[gens|gente]], [[natione sine statu]], [[natio]] (natio cum statu civitatis), [[civitas|civitate]], [[imperium|imperio]].

== Index nationum mundi ==
{{Pars vicificanda}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable tabelle-kopf-fixiert mw-sticky-header-element&quot;
! Natio seu regnum
! Nomen longum
! [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]]
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Populus&lt;br /&gt;2022&lt;ref name=dsw&gt;[https://www.dsw.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Datenreport_2024_web.pdf DSW-Datenreport 2024]&lt;/ref&gt;
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Area&lt;br /&gt;in km²&lt;ref name=&quot;Flaeche&quot;&gt;{{Opus
	| titulus = Angaben zur Fläche
	| tempus = 2025-10-16
	| domus editoria = cia.gov
	| url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/area/
	| salus url = obiit
	| retrospectio = 20240105164242
}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Densitas per km²
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Vexillum
! Sigla ISO-3
! Sigla ISO-2
! Sigla Interretiali
! Nomen [[lingua Anglica|Anglice]]
! Nomen sua in lingua

|- style=&quot;border:0; background:#FFFFFF; height:4px&quot;
| colspan=&quot;12&quot; |

|- style=&quot;background:#F3F9FF&quot;
| '''[[Mundus]]'''
| —
| —
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; | {{num|7 963 000 000}}
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; style=&quot;max-width:0&quot; | {{num|510 072 000}} &lt;small&gt;summa *&amp;#8239;{{num|135 700 000}} sine [[Antarctica]] nec [[Oceanus|oceanis]]&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right&quot; style=&quot;max-width:0&quot; | {{Cifrae significantes| 7536000 / 510072 | 3}}&lt;small&gt;summa&lt;br /&gt;*&amp;#8239;{{Cifrae significantes| 7536000 / 135700 | 3}}&amp;#8239;sine Antarctica nec oceanis&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;| —
| —
| —
| —
| Earth
| —

|- style=&quot;border:0; background:#FFFFFF; height:4px&quot;
| colspan=&quot;12&quot; |
|- class=&quot;hintergrundfarbe6&quot;
! Natio seu regnum
! Nomen longum
! [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]]
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Populus&lt;br /&gt;2022&lt;ref name=dsw&gt;&lt;/ref&gt;
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Area&lt;br /&gt;in km²&lt;ref name=&quot;Flaeche&quot; /&gt;
! data-sort-type=&quot;number&quot; | Densitas per km²
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Vexillum
! Sigla ISO-3
! Sigla ISO-2
! Sigla Interretiali
! Nomen [[lingua Anglica|Anglice]]
! Nomen sua in lingua
|}

== [[Africa]] ==
[[Fasciculus:Africae tabula nova.jpg|thumb|Africa anno [[1570]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Mercator Africa 037.jpg|thumb|Africa anno [[1595]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Afrika Map 1660.JPG|thumb|Africa anno [[1660]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Map_of_Africa_from_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_1890.jpg|thumb|Africa anno [[1890]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Africa1910s.jpg|thumb|Africa anno [[1910]].]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Egypt.svg|23px|Vexillum Aegypti]] || [[Aegyptus]] –  Res publica Arabica Aegypti
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ethiopia.svg|23px|Vexillum Aethiopiae]] || [[Aethiopia]] – Res publica Democratica Foederalis Aethiopiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of South Africa.svg|23px|Vexillum Rei Publicae Africae Australis]] || [[Africa Australis]] – Res publica Africae Australis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Algeria.svg|23px|Vexillum Algerii]] || [[Algerium]] (vel ''Numidia antiqua'' sive ''Mauretania Caesariensis'') - Res publica Democratica Popularis Algerii
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Angola.svg|23px|Vexillum Angoliae]] || [[Angolia]] – Res publica Angolae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Benin.svg|23px|Vexillum Benini]] || [[Beninum]] – Res publica Benini
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Botswana.svg|23px|Vexillum Botsuanae]] || [[Botsuana]] – Res publica Botsuanae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|23px|Vexillum Burkinae Fasonis]] || [[Burcina Faso]] 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Burundi.svg|23px|Vexillum Burundiae]] || [[Burundia]] – Res publica Burundiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cameroon.svg|23px|Vexillum Cameroniae]] || [[Cammarunia]] – Res publica Cammaruniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Eritrea.svg|23px|Vexillum Erythraeae]] || [[Erythraea]] – Civitas Erythraeae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Gabon.svg|23px|Vexillum Gaboniae]] || [[Gabonia]] – Res publica Gaboniensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of The Gambia.svg|23px|Vexillum Gambiae]] || [[Gambia]] — Res publica Gambiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ghana.svg|23px|Vexillum Ganae]] || [[Gana]] – Res publica Ganae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Djibouti.svg|23px|Vexillum Gibuti]] || [[Gibutum]] – Res publica Gibuti
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Guinea.svg|23px|Vexillum Guineae]] || [[Guinea]] – Res publica Guineae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg|23px|Vexillum Guineae Aequinoctialis]] || [[Guinea Aequatorensis|Guinea Aequinoctialis]] – Res publica Guineae Aequinoctialis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg|23px|Vexillum Guineaa Bissaviensis]] || [[Guinea Bissaviensis]] – Res publica Guineae Bissaviensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Comoros.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Comorianarum]] || [[Insulae Comorianae]] – Unio Comorianarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Seychelles.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Seisellensium]] || [[Insulae Seisellenses]] – Res publica Insularum Seisellensium
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kenya.svg|23px|Vexillum Kenyae]] || [[Kenia]] – Res publica Keniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Lesotho.svg|23px|Vexillum Lesothi]] || [[Lesothum]] – Regnum Lesothi
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Liberia.svg|23px|Vexillum Liberiae]] || [[Liberia]] – Res publica Liberiae 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Libya.svg|23px|Vexillum Libyae]] || [[Libya]] (prior [[Cyrenaica]] et [[Tripolitania]]) – Civitas Libyae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg|23px|Vexillum Litoris Eburnei]] || [[Litus Eburneum]] – Res publica Litoris Eburnei
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Madagascar.svg|23px|Vexillum Madagascar]] || [[Madagascaria]] – Res publica Madagascariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Malawi.svg|23px|Vexillum Malavii]] || [[Malavium|Malavia]] – Res publica Malaviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mali.svg|23px|Vexillum Mali]] || [[Malium|Malia]] – Res publica Maliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Morocco.svg|23px|Vexillum Marochii]] || [[Marocum]] – Regnum Maroci
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mauritania.svg|23px|Vexillum Mauretaniae]] || [[Mauretania|Mauritania]] – Res publica Islamica Mauritaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mauritius.svg|23px|Vexillum Mauritiae]] || [[Mauritia]] – Res publica Mauritiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sierra Leone.svg|23px|Vexillum Mons Leonini]] || [[Mons Leoninus]] – Res publica Montis Leonini
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mozambique.svg|23px|Vexillum Mozambici]] || [[Mozambicum]] – Res publica Mozambici
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Namibia.svg|23px|Vexillum Namibiae]] || [[Namibia]] – Res publica Namibiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Niger.svg|23px|Vexillum Nigritaniae]] || [[Nigerium|Nigritania]] – Res publica Nigritaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Nigeria.svg|23px|Vexillum Nigeriae]] || [[Nigeria]] – Res publica Foederata Nigeriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cape Verde.svg|23px|Vexillum Promontorii Viridis]] || [[Caput Viride|Promontorium Viride]] – Res publica Promontorii Viridis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Puntland.svg|23px|Vexillum Puntlandiae]] || [[Puntlandia]] – Civitas Puntlandiae de Somalia
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Central African Republic.svg|23px|Vexillum Reipublicae Mediae Africae]] || [[Respublica Mediae Africae|Res publica Mediae Africae]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg|23px|Vexillum Reipublicae Congensis]] || [[Respublica Congensis|Res publica Congensis]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg|23px|Vexillum Reipublicae Democratica Congensis]] || [[Respublica Democratica Congensis|Res publica Democratica Congensis]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Rwanda.svg|23px|Vexillum Ruandae]] || [[Ruanda]] – Res publica Ruandae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg|23px|Vexillum Senegaliae]] || [[Res Publica Democratica Arabica Saharensis|Sahara Occidentalis]] – Res publica Democratica Arabica Saharensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Sancti Thomae et Principis]] || [[Insulae Sancti Thomae et Principis|Sanctus Thomas et Princeps]] – Res publica Democratica Sancti Thomae et Principis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Senegal.svg|23px|Vexillum Senegaliae]] || [[Senegalia]] – Res publica Senegaliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Somalia.svg|23px|Vexillum Somaliae]] || [[Somalia]] – Res publica Foederata Somaliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Somaliland.svg|23px|Vexillum Somalilandiae]] || [[Somalilandia]] – Res publica Somalilandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Swaziland.svg|23px|Vexillum Suaziae]] || [[Suazia]] vel Esuatinium – Regnum Suaziae/Esuatinii
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sudan.svg|23px|Vexillum Sudaniae]] || [[Sudania]] (''[[Nubia]]'' antiqua) – Res publica Sudaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of South Sudan.svg|23px|Vexillum Sudaniae Australis]] || [[Sudania Australis]] – Res publica Sudaniae Australis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tanzania.svg|23px|Vexillum Tanzaniae]] || [[Tanzania]] – Res publica Unita Tanzaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Togo (3-2).svg|23px|Vexillum Togi]] || [[Togum]] – Res publica Togensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tunisia.svg|23px|Vexillum Tunesiae]] || [[Tunesia]] – Res publica Tunesiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Chad.svg|23px|Vexillum Tzadiae]] || [[Tzadia]] – Res publica Tzadiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Uganda.svg|23px|Vexillum Ugandae]] || [[Uganda]] – Res publica Ugandae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Zambia.svg|23px|Vexillum Zambiae]] || [[Zambia]] – Res publica Zambiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|23px|Vexillum Zimbabuiae]] || [[Zimbabuia|Zimbabua]] (vel ''Rhodesia'' antiqua) – Res publica Zimbabuae
|}

== [[America Septentrionalis]] ==

[[Fasciculus:Orteliusamerica.jpg|thumb|right|Americae sive Novi Orbis, Nova Descriptio.Ortelius, anno [[1595]] (dicit annum [[1587]]).]]
[[Fasciculus:America-1705.jpg|thumb|America Septentrionalis et Meridionalis anno [[1705]].]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg|23px|Vexillum Antiquae et Barbudae]] || [[Antiqua et Barbuda]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Barbados.svg|23px|Vexillum Barbatae]] || [[Barbata]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Belize.svg|23px|Vexillum Belizae]] || [[Beliza]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Canada.svg|23px|Vexillum Canadae]] || [[Canada]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the United States.svg|23px|Vexillum CFA]] || [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cuba.svg|23px|Vexillum Cubae]] || [[Cuba]] – Res publica Cubae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Dominica.svg|23px|Vexillum Dominicae]] || [[Dominica (civitas)|Dominica]] – Consortio Dominicae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Grenada.svg|23px|Vexillum Grenadae]] || [[Granata (Caribbaea)|Granata]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Guatemala.svg|23px|Vexillum Guatemalae]] || [[Guatemala|Guatimalia]] – Res publica Guatimaliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Haiti.svg|23px|Vexillum Haitiae]] || [[Haitia]] – Res publica Haitiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Honduras (2022–present).svg|23px|Vexillum Honduriae]] || [[Honduria]] – Res publica Honduriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Jamaica.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Bahamensium]] || [[Iamaica]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Bahamas.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Bahamensium]] || [[Insulae Bahamenses|Insulae Bahamae]] – Res publica Bahamae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mexico.svg|23px|Vexillum Mexici]] || [[Mexicum]] – Civitates Unitae Mexicenses
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Nicaragua.svg|23px|Vexillum Nicaraguae]] || [[Nicaragua]] – Res publica Nicaraguae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Costa Rica (state).svg|23px|Vexillum Orae Opulentae]] || [[Ora Opulenta|Ora Dives]] – Res publica Orae Divitis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Panama.svg|23px|Vexillum Panamae]] || [[Panama]] – Res publica Panamae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg|23px|Vexillum Reipublicae Dominicanae]] || [[Respublica Dominicana|Res publica Dominicana]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of El Salvador.svg|23px|Vexillum Salvatoria]] || [[Salvatoria]] – Res publica Salvatoriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg|23px|Vexillum Sanctae Luciae]] || [[Sancta Lucia]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg|23px|Vexillum Sancti Christophori et Nivis]] || [[Sanctus Christophorus et Nives]] – Foederatio Sancti Christophori et Nivium
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg|23px|Vexillum Sancti Vincenti et Granatinae]] || [[Sanctus Vincentius et Granatinae]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg|23px|Vexillum Trinitatis et Tabaci]] || [[Trinitas et Tabacum]] – Res publica Trinitatis et Tabaci
|}

== [[America Meridionalis|America Australis]] ==

[[Fasciculus:1606 America Merid. Mercator mr.jpg|thumb|America Australis seu Meriodionalis anno [[1606]].]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ecuador.svg|23px|Vexillum Aequatoriae]] || [[Aequatoria]] – Res publica Aequatoriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Argentina.svg|23px|Vexillum Argentiniae]] || [[Argentina]] – Res publica Argentinae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bolivia.svg|23px|Vexillum Boliviae]] || [[Bolivia]] – Civitas Plurinationalis Boliviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Brazil.svg|23px|Vexillum Brasiliae]] || [[Brasilia]] – Res publica Foederata Brasiliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Chile.svg|23px|Vexillum Chiliae]] || [[Chilia]] – Res publica Chiliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Colombia.svg|23px|Vexillum Colombiae]] || [[Columbia]] – Res publica Columbiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Guyana.svg|23px|Vexillum Guyanae]] || [[Guiana]] – Res publica Cooperativa Guianae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Paraguay.svg|23px|Vexillum Paraquariae]] || [[Paraquaria]] vel Paraguaia – Res publica Paraquariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Peru.svg|23px|Vexillum Peruviae]] || [[Peruvia]] – Res publica Peruviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Suriname.svg|23px|Vexillum Surinamiae]] || [[Surinamia]] – Res publica Surinamiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Uruguay.svg|23px|Vexillum Uraquariae]] || [[Uraquaria|Uruquaria]] – Res publica Orientalis Uruquariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Venezuela.svg|23px|Vexillum Venetiolae]] || [[Venetiola]] – Res publica Bolivariana Venetiolae
|}

== [[Asia]] ==

[[Fasciculus:PtolemyWorldMap.jpg|thumb|Tabula [[Claudius Ptolemaeus|Ptolemaei]] anni [[150]] (saeculo XV redescripta).]]
[[Fasciculus:TabulaRogeriana.jpg|thumb|Tabula Rogeriana anni [[1154]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Abraham Ortelius Map of Asia 1595.jpg|thumb|Asia anno [[1595]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Jodocus Hondius Map of Asia 1607.jpg|thumb|Asia anno [[1607]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Iran e Bozorg2.jpg|thumb|Asia anno [[1719]].]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Taliban.svg|23x23px|Vexillum Afganiae]]|| [[Afgania]] –  Emirate Islamico Afganae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|23px|Vexillum Arabiaa Saudianae]] || [[Arabia Saudiana|Arabia Saudita]] – Regnum Arabiae Sauditae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Armenia.svg|23px|Vexillum Armeniae]] || [[Armenia]] – Res publica Armeniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg|23px|Vexillum Atropatenae]] || [[Atropatene (res publica)|Atropatene]] – Res publica Atropatenes
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bahrain.svg|23px|Vexillum Baharinae]] || [[Baharina]] – Regnum Baharinae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|23px|Vexillum Bangladeshae]] || [[Bangladesha|Bangladesa]] – Res publica Popularis Bangladesae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Myanmar.svg|23px|Vexillum Myanmar]] || [[Birmania]] vel Myanmar – Res publica Unionis Birmaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Brunei.svg|23px|Vexillum Bruneii]] || [[Bruneium]] – Natio Bruneii, Loci Pacis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bhutan.svg|23px|Vexillum Butaniae]] || [[Butania]] – Regnum Butaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cambodia.svg|23px|Vexillum Cambosiae]] || [[Cambosia]] – Regnum Cambosiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|23px|Vexillum Casachiae]] || [[Casachia]] vel Casachistania – Res publica Casachiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg|23px|Vexillum Chirgisiae]] || [[Chirgisia]] vel Cirgisia (sive ''Issedonia'' antiqua) – Res publica Chirgisiensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of South Korea.svg|23px|Vexillum Rei Publicae Coreae]] || [[Respublica Coreana|Corea Meridionalis]] – Res publica Coreae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of North Korea.svg|23px|Vexillum Coreae Septentrionalis]] || [[Respublica Popularis Democratica Coreana|Corea Septentrionalis]] – Res publica Popularis Democratica Coreae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kuwait.svg|23px|Vexillum Cuvaiti]] || [[Cuvaitum]] – Civitas Cuvaiti
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|23px|Vexillum Emiratuum Arabicorum Unitorum]] || [[Emiratus Arabi Uniti|Emiratus Arabici Coniucti]] (vel ''Macaea'' antiqua)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Georgia.svg|23px|Vexillum Georgiae]] || [[Georgia]] (vel ''Colchis'' antiqua)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Japan.svg|23px|Vexillum Iaponiae]] || [[Iaponia]] – Natio Iaponiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Yemen.svg|23px|Vexillum Iemeniae]] || [[Iemenia]] (vel ''Arabia Felix'' antiqua) – Res publica Iemeniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of India.svg|23px|Vexillum Indiae]] || [[India]] – Res publica Indiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Indonesia.svg|23px|Vexillum Indonesiae]] || [[Indonesia]] – Res publica Indonesiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Maldives.svg|23px|Vexillum Insulae Maldivae]] || [[Insulae Maldivae]] – Res publica Maldivarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Jordan.svg|23px|Vexillum Iordaniae]] || [[Iordania]] – Regnum Hasimita Iordaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Iraq.svg|23px|Vexillum Iraquiae]] || [[Iraquia|Iraca]] (vel ''Mesopotamia'' antiqua) – Res publica Iracae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Iran.svg|23px|Vexillum Iraniae]] || [[Irania]] (vel ''Persia'' antiqua) – Res publica Islamica Iraniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Israel.svg|23px|Vexillum Israëlis]] || [[Israël]] – Natio Israëlis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Laos.svg|23px|Vexillum Laoniae]] || [[Laonia|Laotia]] – Res publica Democratica Popularis Laotiensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Lebanon.svg|23px|Vexillum Libani]] || [[Libanus]] – Res publica Libanensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Malaysia.svg|23px|Vexillum Malaesiae]] || [[Malaesia]] – Foederatio Malaesiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Mongolia.svg|23px|Vexillum Mongoliae]] || [[Mongolia]] (vel ''Dachuria'' classica)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Nepal.svg|23px|Vexillum Nepaliae]] || [[Nepalia]] – Res publica Foederata Democratica Nepaliae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Oman.svg|23px|Vexillum Omaniae]] || [[Omania]] – Sultanatus Omaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Pakistan.svg|23px|Vexillum Pakistaniae]] || [[Pakistania|Pacistania]] – Res publica Islamica Pacistaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Palestine.svg|23px|Vexillum Palaestinae]] || [[Palaestina]] – Natio Palaestinae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Philippines.svg|23px|Vexillum Philippinarum]] || [[Philippinae]] (vel ''Prasodum Insulae'' antiquae) – Res publica Philippinarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Qatar.svg|23px|Vexillum Quatariae]] || [[Quataria]] – Natio Quatariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|23px|Vexillum Sinarum]] ||[[Res publica popularis Sinarum|Sinae]] – Res publica Popularis Sinarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Russia.svg|23px|Vexillum Russiae]] || [[Russia]] vel Ruthenia –  Ruthenica
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Singapore.svg|23px|Vexillum Singapurae]] || [[Singapura]] – Res publica Singapurae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sri Lanka.svg|23px|Vexillum Sri Lankae]] || [[Sri Lanca|Srilanca]] (vel ''Selediva'' sive Taprobane antiquae) – Res publica Democratica Socialista Srilancae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Syria.svg|23px|Vexillum Syriae]] || [[Syria]] – Res publica Arabica Syriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tajikistan.svg|23px|Vexillum Tajikistan]] || [[Tadzikistania|Tagicistania]] (vel ''Sogdiana'' antiqua)– Res publica Tagicistaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|23px|Vexillum Rei publicae Sinensis]] || [[Respublica Sinarum|Taivania]] vel Formosa – Res publica Sinarum
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Thailand.svg|23px|Vexillum Thailandiae]] || [[Thailandia]] – Regnum Thailandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of East Timor.svg|23px|Vexillum Timoriae Orientalis]] || [[Timoria Orientalis]] – Res publica Timoriae Orientalis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Turkey.svg|23px|Vexillum Turciae]] || [[Turcia]] – Res publica Turciae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg|23px|Vexillum Turkmenistan]] || [[Turcmenia|Turcomannia]] (vel ''Saccaea'' antiqua)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Uzbekistan.svg|23px|Vexillum Uzbekistan]] || [[Uzbecia|Usbecia]] (vel ''Bactria'' antiqua) – Res publica Usbeciae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Vietnam.svg|23px|Vexillum Vietnamiae]] || [[Vietnamia]] – Res publica Socialista Vietnamiae
|}

== [[Europa]] ==
[[Fasciculus:1589 Europa Mercator.jpg|thumb|Europa anno [[1589]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Abraham Ortelius Map of Europe.jpg|thumb|Europa anno [[1595]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Evropa-recens-deferipta.jpg|thumb|Europa recens descripta?]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Republic of Abkhazia.svg|23px|Vexillum Abaaciae]] || [[Abascia]] – Res publica Abasciae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Albania.svg|23px|Vexillum Albaniae]] || [[Albania]] vel Epirus – Res publica Albaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Andorra.svg|23px|Vexillum Andorrae]] || [[Andorra]] – Principatus Andorrae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Austria.svg|23px|Vexillum Austriae]] || [[Austria]] – Res publica Austriae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Belgium.svg|23px|Vexillum Belgicae]] || [[Belgica]] vel Belgia vel Belgium – Regnum Belgicae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg|23px|Vexillum Bosniae et Herzegovinae]] || [[Bosnia et Herzegovina|Bosnia et Hertsegovina]] (vel ''Bassania et Chelmania'' classicae)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|23px|Vexillum Regni Uniti]] || [[Britanniarum Regnum]] – Regnum Unitum Britanniae Maioris Hiberniaeque Septentrionalis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Bulgaria.svg|23px|Vexillum Bulgariae]] || [[Bulgaria]] – Res publica Bulgariae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|23px|Vexillum Czechiae]] || [[Cechia]] – Res publica Bohemica
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Croatia.svg|23px|Vexillum Croatiae]] || [[Croatia]] – Res publica Croatiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Cyprus.svg|23px|Vexillum Cypri]] || [[Cyprus]] – Res publica Cypri
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Denmark.svg|23px|Vexillum Daniae]] || [[Dania]] (vel ''Cimbria'' classica) – Regnum Daniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Estonia.svg|23px|Vexillum Estoniae]] || [[Estonia]] – Res publica Estoniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Finland.svg|23px|Vexillum Finniae]] || [[Finnia]] vel Finlandia vel Finnonia – Res publica Finniae 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of France.svg|23px|Vexillum Franciae]] || [[Francia]] vel ''Gallia'' sive Francogallia – Res publica Francogallica
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Germany.svg|23px|Vexillum Germania]] || [[Germania]] vel Res Publica Foederata Germania – Res publica Foederata Germaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Greece.svg|23px|Vexillum Graciae]] || [[Graecia]] – Res publica Hellenica
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Switzerland.svg|23px|Vexillum Helvetiae]] || [[Helvetia]] – Confoederatio Helvetica 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ireland.svg|23px|Vexillum Hiberniae]] || [[Hibernia (res publica)|Hibernia]] – Res publica Hiberniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Spain.svg|23px|Vexillum Hispaniae]] || [[Hispania]] – Regnum Hispaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Hungary.svg|23px|Vexillum Hungariae]] || [[Hungaria]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Iceland.svg|23px|Vexillum Islandiae]] || [[Islandia]] – Res publica Islandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|23px|Vexillum Italiae]] || '''[[Italia]]''' (patria Romanorum) – '''Res publica Italica'''
|-
|[[Fasciculus:Flag of Kosovo.svg|frameless|23x23px]]
|[[Kosovia|Cosovia]] vel Campus Merlinus – Res publica Cosoviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Latvia.svg|23px|Vexillum Latviae]] || [[Lettonia]] – Res publica Lettoniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg|23px|Vexillum Lichtensteni]] || [[Lichtenstenum]] – Principatus Lichtensteni
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Lithuania.svg|23px|Vexillum Lithuaniae]] || [[Lituania]] – Res publica Lituaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Portugal.svg|23px|Vexillum Lusitaniae]] || [[Lusitania]] vel Portugallia – Res publica Lusitana
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Luxembourg.svg|23px|Vexillum Luxemburgi]] || [[Luxemburgum]] vel Luxemburgia – Ducatus Maior Luxemburgi
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Republic of Macedonia.svg|23px|Vexillum Macedoniae]] || [[Macedonia Septentrionalis]] – Res publica Macedoniae Septentrionalis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Malta.svg|23px|Vexillum Melitae]] || [[Melita]] – Res publica Melitae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_Moldova.svg|23px|VexillumMoldavie]] || [[Moldavia]] – Res publica Moldaviae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Monaco.svg|23px|Vexillum Monoeci]] || [[Monoecus]] – Principatus Monoeci
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Montenegro.svg|23px|Vexillum Montis Negri]] || [[Mons Niger]] (vel ''Doclea'' antiqua) – Res publica Montis Nigri
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|23px|Vexillum Nederlandiae]] || [[Nederlandia]] vel ''Batavia'' – Regnum Nederlandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Norway.svg|23px|Vexillum Norvegiae]] || [[Norvegia]] – Regnum Norvegiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Poland.svg|23px|Vexillum Poloniae]] || [[Polonia]] – Res publica Poloniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of San Marino.svg|23px|Vexillum Rei publicae Sancti Marini]] || [[Res publica Sancti Marini|Sanctus Marinus]] – Res publica Sancti Marini
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Romania.svg|23px|Vexillum Romaniae]] || [[Romania]] (vel ''Dacia'' antiqua) – Res publica Romaniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Russia.svg|23px|Vexillum Russiae]] || [[Russia]] vel Ruthenia – Foederatio Ruthenica 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Belarus.svg|23px|Vexillum Belorussiae]] || [[Ruthenia Alba]] – Res publica Rutheniae Albae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Serbia.svg|23px|Vexillum Serbiae]] || [[Serbia]] – Res publica Serbiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Slovakia.svg|23px|Vexillum Slovaciae]] || [[Slovacia]] – Res publica Slovaciensis
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Slovenia.svg|23px|Vexillum Sloveniae]] || [[Slovenia]] (vel ''Noricum'' antiquum) – Res publica Sloveniae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Sweden.svg|23px|Vexillum Sueciae]] || [[Suecia]] vel Suetia sive ''Suevia'' classica – Regnum Sueciae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Ukraine.svg|23px|Vexillum Ucraniae]] || [[Ucraina]] (vel ''Sarmatia'', ''Roxolania'' antiqua)
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Vatican City.svg|23px|Vexillum Civitatis Vaticanae]] || [[Civitas Vaticana|Vaticanum]] vel [[Civitas Vaticana]], publice Vaticanus Ager – Status Civitas Vaticanae
|}

== [[Oceania]] ==
[[Fasciculus:World Map 1689.JPG|thumb|Orbis terrarum descriptio anni [[1689]] quae multas insulas [[Oceanus Pacificus|Oceani Pacifici]] ostendit.]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Vexillum !! Pagus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Australia.svg|23px|Vexillum Australiae]] || [[Australia]] – Consortio Australiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Palau.svg|23px|Vexillum Belaviae]] || [[Insulae Palauenses|Palau]] vel Insulae Palauenses – Res publica Palaui
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Cook]] ||[[Foederatae Micronesiae Civitates|Micronesia]] – [[Foederatae Micronesiae Civitates]] 
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Marsaliensium]] || [[Insulae Marsalienses]] – Res publica Insularum Marsaliensium
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg|23px|Vexillum Insularum Salomonium]] || [[Insulae Salomonis]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Kiribati.svg|23px|Vexillum Kiribati]] || [[Kiribati]] – Res publica Ciribasus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Nauru.svg|23px|Vexillum Nauru]] || [[Nauru]] – Res publica Naurus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of New Zealand.svg|23px|Vexillum Novae Zelandiae]] || [[Nova Zelandia]] –Regnum Novae Zelandiae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg|23px|Vexillum Papuae Novae Guineae]] || [[Papua Nova Guinea]] – Status Independens Papuae Novae Guineae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Samoa.svg|23px|Vexillum Samoae]] || [[Insulae Samoanae (Occidentales)|Samoa]] – Status Independens Samoae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tonga.svg|23px|Vexillum Tongae]] || [[Tonga]] – Regnum Tongae
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Tuvalu.svg|23px|Vexillum Tuvalu]] || [[Tuvalu]]
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Vanuatu.svg|23px|Vexillum Vanuatu]] || [[Vanuatu]] – Res publica Vanuatus
|-
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Fiji.svg|23px|Vexillum Fiji]] || [[Insulae Fidzienses|Viti]] – Res publica Vitiis
|}

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

{{NexInt}}
* [[Geographia]]
* [[CN|Nationes Consociatae]]
* [[Terrae antiquae cognitae]]

== Bibliographia ==
* {{Graesse}}.

== Nexus externi ==
* [http://mmh.cz/sklad/lamj.htm Lexicum nominum geographicorum Latinorum.]
* [[:en:Latin_names_of_regions|Vicipaedia Anglica: nomina regionum.]]

{{Continentes Terrae}}
{{Societas humana}}

[[Categoria:Indices civitatum]]
[[Categoria:Nationes|!]]
{{Myrias|Geographia}}</text>
      <sha1>1req8otwlaoj0lsbdgv71cz69zz5mka</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Carystus</title>
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{{Capsa urbis Vicidata}}
'''Carystus''' ([[Graece]]: Κάρυστος) est urbicola et demus in [[Graecia]] in meridiano insulae [[Euboea]]e litore sita. Urbi sunt circiter 5000 incolarum, demo 13602. Non longe ab urbicola surgit mons [[Ocha]], qui - sicut etiam promunturium &quot;[[Caphereas|Capo d'Oro]]&quot; (Κάβο ντόρο) - a multis periegetis recretationis causa petitur.

== Demus ==
Carysti demus anno [[2011]] in administratione renovanda (vide: [[Libellus Callicratis]]) his quattuor demis pristinis coniugendis, qui ex tunc &quot;unitates populares&quot; (Graece: δημοτική ενότητα) sunt, formatus est:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Unitas popularis !! Numerus incolarum&lt;ref&gt;Numerus incolarum, ut invenitur in [http://www.eetaa.gr/kallikratis/nomosxedio/Systash_Dhmwn_Perifereiwn.pdf Libello Callicratis (2010)]&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| Carystus || 6854
|-
| [[Caphereas]] || 1013
|-
| [[Marmarium]] || 2895
|-
| [[Styra]] || 2840
|-
| '''Summa incolarum''' || '''13602'''
|}

== Historia ==
Iam a [[Neolithicum|Neolithico]] locum inhabitatum fuisse sedum vestigiis demonstratur. Loci nomen traditione [[Mythologia Graeca|mythologica]] a filio [[Chiro]]nis homonymo deducitur.&lt;ref&gt;[http://oce.catholic.com/index.php?title=Carystus Catholic Encyclopedia]&lt;/ref&gt; Carystus anno [[490 a.C.n.]] [[Persia|Persis]] oppugnantibus restitit, decem annis post autem [[Xerxes I (rex Persarum)|Xerxi]], cum Graeciam invasit, naves mittere debuit. Persis reversis anno [[475 a.C.n.]] [[Cimon]] urbem expugnavit Carystiosque, ut [[Athenae|Athenis]] foedus et amicitiam darent, coegit.&lt;ref&gt;Vox Karystos, in: Siegfried Lauffer (Ed.): Griechenland. Lexikon der historischen Stätten. Von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart. Augustae Vindelicorum 1999.&lt;/ref&gt; Tempore [[Hellenismus|hellenistico]] Carystus a (circiter) anno [[290 a.C.n.]] ad [[Foedus Euboeum]] pertinebat. [[Saeculum 2|Saeculo secundo]] una cum [[Euboea]] sub dicionem [[Res Publica Romana|Romanorum]] venit, qui Carystum civitatem liberam declaraverunt. Tempore Romano ab urbe in boreo-occidentem versus magnae lapidicinae marmoris subviridis, quod a Romanis valde aestimatum &quot;[[Marmor Carystium]]&quot; vocatum est, constitutae sunt. Marmor per portum [[Marmarium]] avectum est.&lt;ref&gt;ibidem&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Medium Aevum|Medio Aevo]] locus ad [[Res Publica Venetiae|rem publicam Venetiae]] pertinebat, quod adhuc castrum nomine ''Castel Rosso'' [[saeculum 13|decimo tertio saeculo]] exstructum ad memoriam excitat. Die [[29 Augusti]] anno [[1348]] Venetiani [[Genua|Genuenses]] pugna navali apud Carystum commissa devicerunt.

Anno [[1470]] Carystus a [[Imperium Ottomanicum|Turcis]], qui anno [[1832]] post [[Bellum Graeciae liberandae]] recesserunt. Anno [[1832]] urbs, quae nomen semper servaverat, usque ad annum [[1862]] ex rege [[Otto (rex Graeciae)|Ottone]] ''Othonupolis'' nominata est.&lt;ref&gt;ibidem&lt;/ref&gt; Aspectui urbicolae largae viae, ampli campi ac aedifica publica [[saeculum 19|saeculi undevicesimi]] sapore &quot;neoclassico&quot; exstructa notam apponunt. Praeterea sunt multae tabernae ac deversoria, quae aestate hospitibus numerosis omnia ad commeatum necessaria praebent.

== Visu digna ==
* Castrum [[Res Publica Venetiae|Venetianum]] nomine ''Bourtzi'' saeculo decimo tertio aedificatum.
* Reliquiae castri Venetiani nomine ''Castello Rosso'' anno 1030 erecti.
* Marmoris lapicidinae antiquae in vico ''Myli''.
* Curia a saeculo undevicesimo exeunte repetens.
* Parvum museum inventa [[Hellenismus|Helleneistica]] ac [[Imperium Romanum|Romana]] demonstrans.
* [[Monasterium|Monasteria]] [[Ecclesiae Orthodoxae|Orthodoxa]] ''Taxiarches'', ''Sanctus Georgius'' et ''Sancta Maura''.

== Incolae noti ==
* [[Diocles Carystius]] (saec. 4 a.C.n.), medicus et scriptor de rebus medicis
* [[Antigonus Carystius]] (saec. 3 a.C.n.), scriptor de rerum variarum et poëta
* [[Apollodorus Carystius]] (saec. 4 et 3 a.C.n.), poëta comicus &quot;novae comoediae&quot;

== Bibliographia ==
* M. B. Wallace: ''Karystos, S Euboia, Greece''. In: ''The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites''. Princeton University Press, Princeton 1976 ([http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0006:entry=karystos in interrete]).

== Nexus externi ==
* [http://www.dimoskarystou.gr Situs demi publicus]
* [http://www.servitoros.gr/evia/cat.php/12/ Scitu de Carysto digna in situ Σερβιτόρος της Εύβοιας]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110901050701/http://www.wiw.gr/english/karistos_municipality_of_karistos/ Photographemata Carysti]

== Pinacotheca ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Fasciculus:Limani karistou evlahos.jpg|Portus.
Fasciculus:Kastello rosso evlahos.jpg|Castello Rosso.
Fasciculus:Karystos.JPG|Aspectus a mari.
Fasciculus:Bourtzi castle Karystos.JPG|Castrum Bourtzi.
Fasciculus:Karystos town hall.JPG|Curia.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Notae ==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[Categoria:Urbes Graecae antiquae]]
[[Categoria:Demi Graeciae]]
[[Categoria:Loci habitati Euboeae]]
[[Categoria:Portus maris Aegaei]]</text>
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    <title>Disputatio:Index civitatum sui iuris</title>
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      <comment>Grufo movit paginam [[Disputatio:Nationes mundi]] ad [[Disputatio:Index civitatum sui iuris]]: Videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet?|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&amp;nbsp;Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet?]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="11280" sha1="89szj5w6d0l5n7ievlul5ybydvn9xbm" xml:space="preserve">=Salvete utentes!=
This talk-page discusses some of the finer points that arise from the creation of a ''list of countries''. This is a work-in-progress, so ''do'' comment!
===Progress===
The Main Page still invites participation here, but the last edit was 15 months ago.

If there's finality about this model, please, someone, say so (preferably with a link to other relevant pages if any). [[Usor:Robin Patterson|Robin Patterson]] 03:44 iul 18, 2005 (UTC)

== Propositiones==
Salvete 
*Propono etiam addere Terrae Humiles ( traductio Nederland) nomini Bataviae.
*Propono &quot;Res publica foederalis Germani[[ae]]&quot;aut &quot;Germana&quot;
*Propono addere Petra clara aut Petra Lucis Lichtensteno
--[[Usor:Marc mage|Marc mage]] 21:35, 10 Aprilis  2006 (UTC)

==Littera z==
Salvete
Littera z non familliare in lingua Latina id evitandum censeo. Memorate Sion pro Zionem.

Ergo:
* Cilimandiarus non Cilimandzarus
* Sambesis fluvius non Zambesis
* Gibutis civitas ut pronuntiatio Aegypta litterae Arabicae Gimalem non Dzimalem.--[[Usor:Agnus|Agnus]] 00:18, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC)
:Minime. Littera Z est bona littera latine, quae sonat differenter litterae S.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 00:54, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC)
:: Romani antiqui litteram z solum in verbis ortis ex lingua Graeca aut per illam translatis utiebantur. Multitudo nominum Africanorum non orta est ex lingua Graeca aut translata per illam.--[[Usor:Agnus|Agnus]] 18:56, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC)
:::Erras, Agne. Romani littera ''z'' usi sunt in nominibus permultis oppidorum Africanorum. Vide p. ex. ''Itinerarium Antonini'' in provinciis Africae septentrionalis.  [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:12, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC)

===Contra &quot;Dzibutum&quot;===
Littera initialis &quot;Dzibuti&quot; originaliter &quot;Gimel&quot; (&lt;big&gt;ج&lt;/big&gt;) Arabicum est.
In nominibus traditionalibus littera ipse Latine &quot;g&quot; scriptum est.&lt;br&gt;
Exempla:
*&lt;big&gt;الجزائر &lt;/big&gt; = &quot;a-l-dʒ-z-a-i-r&quot; = &quot;Algeria&quot; (lat.), &quot;Alger&quot; (gall.) (Consonans centralis &quot;&lt;big&gt;ز&lt;/big&gt;&quot; [z] perdita in linguis Europaeis)
*&lt;big&gt;جبل طارق &lt;/big&gt; = &quot;dʒ-b-l ț-a-r-q&quot;= Calpe (lat.) = &quot;Gibraltar&quot; quasi in omnibus linguis Latine scriptis novis.
*&lt;big&gt; جدة &lt;/big&gt; = &quot;dʒ-d-ah&quot;  = &quot;Gidda&quot; sive &quot;Jeddah&quot; (&quot;g&quot; ante &quot;i&quot; pronuntiatur [dʒ])
*&lt;big&gt;جيبوتي &lt;/big&gt; =&quot;dʒ-i-b-u-t-i&quot;, Scribendum &quot;gibuti&quot; est. Optiones grammaticales:
**&quot;Gibuti&quot; – plurale grammaticum ut &quot;Cannae&quot;
**&quot;Gibutis&quot; – declinandum ut &quot;vis&quot;
**&quot;Gibutis&quot; – declinandum ut &quot;navis&quot;
**&quot;Gibutium&quot;
**&quot;Gibutum&quot; &lt;br&gt;--[[Usor:Agnus|Agnus]] 20:47, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC)
:Si vis movere paginam, debes prius fontes reperire. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:14, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC)
::Exempla collecta ex Vicipaediis nationalibus non sunt documenta regulaene?--[[Usor:Agnus|Agnus]] 23:02, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC)
::::Solum si haec Wikipaedia dat nomen Latine, i.e. si dicunt Gibutum est nomen Latine.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 23:23, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC)
:::Oportet hanc disputationem de Dzibuto movere ad paginam [[Disputatio:Dzibutum]]. Hic oportet solum nomen huius paginae, i.e. ''Nationes Mundi'' disputare.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 23:20, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC)

==Which are the ''correct'' Latinized country names?==
Coming up with ''correct'' Latinized country names isn't as easy as it may seem. There are often several versions, some of which may not seem correct to everyone:
:e.g. France = Francia, Francogallia, Gallia
I suggest adopting those names used by the [http://www.yleradio1.fi/nuntii/ Nuntii Latini] as that is ''living'' Latin. -- [Anon]
:This page was mostly written two years ago, before the country pages existed. Now that they do exist, if you want to propose a change of name, you will have to go to the disputatio page for each country and propose the change. You may need to cite more than one source, and also consider what sources there are for the current name. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:36, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC)
:Sorry, Neander, I see now that it was you! I thought I was replying to just one more anonymous user wanting to change names and not write pages ... If ''you'' propose a change, I suspect you'll do the research first. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:46, 1 Decembris 2007 (UTC)
Uncertain are (second possibilites from [http://medlem.spray.se/celvin/latina.html this website]):
*Africa Australis or Africa Meridionalis (or both correct)
*Bangladesia or Bangladesa
*Butanum or Butania
*Camerunia or Camarunia
*Campucea or Cambosia
*Casachia or Kazakistania
*Chirgisia or Cirgisia
*Costarica or Costa Richa
*Cyprus or Cyprus Insula
*Emiratus Arabici Uniti or Confoederatae Arabicae Phylarchiae
*Erythraea or Erytraea
*Francia or Gallia or Francogallia
*Guatemala or Guatimala
*Guinea Aequatorensis or Guinea Aequinoctialis
*Haïti or Haitia
*Insula Barbatianae or Barbata
*Insula Mauritiana or Mauritius Insula (or both correct)
*Insulae Salomonicae or Insulae Salomoniae
*Insulae Sancti Tomae et Principis or Sancti Thomae et Prinsipis
*Insulae Tuvaluae or Tuvaluae Insulae
*Insulae Vincentianae et Grenadinae or Civitas Insula Vincentiana et Grenadina
*Kataria or Quataria
*Kuvaitum or Cuvaitum
*Laotium or Laosium
*Lichtensteinum or Lichtenstenum
*Malium or Malia
*Mauretania or Mauritania
*Monoecus or Herculis Monoeci Portus
*Nicaragua or Nicaraqua
*Pakistanum or Pakistania
*Paraguaium or Paraguaia
*Philippinae Insulae or Insulae Philippinae
*Respublica Dominicana or Dominica
*Suecia or Suetia
*Usbecia or Uzbecia

Names of countries not listed in the current ''Nationes mundi''-article:
*Antigua et B.???
*Baharina Insula
*Belavia
*Salvatoria
*Sancta Lucia
*Sanctus Marinus
*Sinae
*Singapura
*Sri Lanca
*Surinamia
*Tadzikistania
*Taivania
*Thailandia
*Timoria Orientalis
*Tonga
*Turcmenia
*Uraquaria/Uruguaia
*Vietnamia

Sources for coming up with names might be:
*[http://medlem.spray.se/celvin/latina.html Country names in 40 languages]
*[http://www.yleradio1.fi/nuntii/ Nuntii Latini]
*[http://www.ofm.org/1/info/A-Bnat.html Friars in the World] (anglice)

----

==Template for country articles==
A template for a country article might look like this:

&lt;table border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot;margin-left:0.5em;&quot; width=&quot;300px&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption&gt;Republik &amp;Ouml;sterreich&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;
&lt;table border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot;&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/image:Austria_flag_medium.png Vexillum]&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;140px&quot;&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:CoatAUT.jpg Signum]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=2 style=&quot;border-bottom:3px solid gray;&quot;&gt;''Sententia nationis:'' nihil&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=center colspan=2&gt;[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/image:LocationAustria.png Locus Austriae]&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;[[Sermo publicus]]             
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;???&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;[[Caput]]                       
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;???&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;[[Area]]&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;- Summa &lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;- % aquae&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;locum ??? obtinet &lt;br&gt; ??? km&amp;sup2; &lt;br&gt; ???%&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;               
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;[[Multitudo]] 
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;- Summa (annus) 
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;- Densitas&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;locum ??? obtinet
&lt;br&gt; ??? (2003)
&lt;br&gt; ???/km&amp;sup2; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;[[Moneta]]                      
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;???&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

==Geographia==
==Historia==
==Nexus externi==
----
== Nominatio nationum Vaticana  ==
* Fons: [http://212.77.1.245/news_services/press/sinodo/documents/bollettino_20_x-ordinaria-2001/xx_plurilingue/b04_xx.html publicationes Vaticanae fons linguae Latinae vitalis]

Reproductio es fonte:
Aequatoria, Africa Septentrionalis, Americae Septentrionalis Foederatae Civitates, Anglia et Cambria, Angola et Sacti Thomae Insula, Antillae, Arabiae Civitates, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bielorussia, Bolivia, Botsuana et Africa Meridionalis et Suazilandia, Brasilia, Burkina Faso et Niger, Camarunia, Canada, Chilia, Columbia, Corea, Costaricha, Cuba, Guinea, Haitia, Helvetia, Hibernia, Hispania, Honduria, Hungaria, Iaponia, India: C.C.B.I., Indonesia, Italia, Kenia, Laosium et Cambosia, Liberia, Lituania, Lusitania, Madagascaria, Malavium, Malia, Mexicum, Mozambicum, Namibia, Nederlandia, Nigeria, Nova Zelandia, Pacificum, Pakistania, Panama, Papua Nova Guinea et Insulae Salomoniae, Paraguaia, Peruvia, Polonia, Respublica Cecha, Scotia, Senegal et Mauritania et Promontorium Viride et Guinea Bissavia, Sinae, Srilanca, Sudania, Tanzania, Thailandia, Ucraina, Uganda, Uruguaia, Venetiola, Vietnamia, Zambia, Zimbabvia.

Omnia nomina cogitantia non censeo sed adiuvantia. Zimbabuam ad Zimbabviam non movibo. --[[Usor:Agnus|Agnus]] 23:55, 30 Novembris 2007 (UTC)

==Ukraine==
&quot;Ukraine&quot; is ''Parva Russia'' in Latin. [[Usor:Hellerick|Hellerick]] 16:53, 7 Iunii 2009 (UTC)
:What is your source? [[Ucraina]] is well attested in Latin, as the Ucraina page shows.--[[Usor:Rafaelgarcia|Rafaelgarcia]] 17:32, 7 Iunii 2009 (UTC)
::The earlier name for Ukraine was &quot;[[en:Little Russia|Little Russia]]&quot;, it was relatively recently discarded by local nationalists as derogative. &quot;Μικρά Ρωσία&quot; was the term for this land used by the Byzatines, and &quot;Russia Parva&quot; (or Russia Minor etc.) was its Latin equivalent. The meaning of this term was gradually changing, until it became what was known as &quot;Малороссiя&quot; in Russian, i.e. equivalent to Ukraine.
::Sources? Just google &quot;Parva Russia&quot;, &quot;Parvae Russiae&quot; etc. E.g. [http://www.archive.org/stream/grammaticaslavo00lucsgoog#page/n5/mode/1up Grammatica Slavo-Ruthena] calls Ukrainian language &quot;Parvo-Russica&quot; (litteral translation of the Russian term &quot;малоросскiй&quot;); and [http://ia311334.us.archive.org//load_djvu_applet.cgi?file=2/items/nachrichtenvond71gtgoog/nachrichtenvond71gtgoog.djvu ''Nachrichten von der Georg-Augusts-Universität und der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften; 1864-93, Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften und der Georg-Augusts-Universität''] mentions &quot;Russia Parva&quot; (page 260, item #37) among other lands of Europe, stating that the Pole Star is seen at 51 degrees from it. [[Usor:Hellerick|Hellerick]] 06:18, 8 Iunii 2009 (UTC)
:::I've copied this discussion to [[Disputatio:Ucraina]]. Please continue there. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 07:42, 8 Iunii 2009 (UTC)
::::&quot;Russia Parva&quot; should be mentioned at least in parentheses. [[Usor:Hellerick|Hellerick]] 10:57, 8 Iunii 2009 (UTC)

==Vexillum Cypri==
Care 82.198.57.212, usor sine nomine, cur delevisti vexillum Cypri? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] 00:09, 19 Septembris 2011 (UTC)

== Dependent or not widely recognised territories ==

I've reverted the edits of an anonymous editor because they deleted all the images, but there was another issue: We have several dépendent territories (e.g. Greenland} and not widelly recognised countries (e.g. Somaliland) in the list. It may be useful to have them there, but perhaps we should distinguish them somehow. [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 07:48, 14 Ianuarii 2020 (UTC)</text>
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      <text bytes="396310" sha1="o0c5lwoev8z70h4fatpcyvht2ii32j5" xml:space="preserve">{{Scientia dubia}}
{{Pagina polienda|Nonnulla nomina videntur esse ficticia, atque Vicipaedia Theodisca hic adhibita est fons; vide [[Vicipaedia:Noli fingere]].}}

[[Fasciculus:Deutschland Flussgebietseinheiten.png|thumb|right|Praecipuorum [[Germania|Germanicorum]] fluminum graviores naves perferentium diagramma ([[Theodisce]]).]]
[[Fasciculus:Rheinbrücke Konstanz bei Föhn.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Pons super [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] [[Constantia (Germania)|Constantiae]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Elbe Bad Schandau.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|right|Oppidum [[Bad Schandau]] iuxta [[Albis|Albim]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Aerials Deggendorf 16.06.2006.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|right|Oppidum Deggendorfium&lt;ref name=&quot;Deggendorfium&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB10372085?p=485&amp;cq=Candidus,%20Pantaleon&amp;lang=de ''Chronica Bavaricae Capucinorum Provinciae : in brevem summam collecta a religionis institutione usque ad eius resuscitationem''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) P. Ludovicus Sedlmair Deggendorfensis confessarius semper ei propre esse debuit (...) Testes erant Monachium, Straubinga, Deggendorfium, Bulsanum (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; iuxta [[Danuvius|Danuvium]].]]
[[Fluvius|Fluvii]] [[Germania]]e se in [[Mare Balticum]], [[Pontus Euxinus|Pontum Euxinum]], et [[Mare Germanicum]] effundunt. Praecipua sunt:
* cum [[Ostium fluminis|ostio]] in [[Mare Balticum]], [[Viadrus]];
* cum ostio in [[Pontus Euxinus|Pontum Euxinum]], [[Danuvius]], cum suis praecipuis [[amnis influens|amnibus influentibus]] [[Aenus|Aeno]], [[Isara|Isarā]], et [[Licus|Lico]];
* cum ostio in [[Mare Germanicum]], [[Rhenus]], cum suis praecipuis amnibus influentibus [[Mosella|Mosellā]], [[Moenus|Moeno]] et [[Nicer|Nicro]]; [[Visurgis]]; et [[Albis]], cum suis praecipuis amnibus influentibus [[Habala|Habalā]] et [[Sala (flumen)|Salā]].

==Secundum longitudinem==
Insequentes indices fluvios Germaniae ordinant secundum totam eorum longitudinem (e fonte in ostium), quamquam eorum longitudo intra Germaniae fines minor sit. 

===Flumina 200 chiliometra aut amplius longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina 200 chiliometra aut amplius longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Danuvius&lt;ref&gt;Vide articulum &quot;Danuvius&quot; apud Vicipaediam Anglicam, ubi dicitur &quot;Danube -river in Europe; '''Danuvius'' in Latin&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Ister&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; seu Hister&lt;ref&gt;[[Ovidius]], ''Epistulae ex Ponto'' 1.8.11: &quot;urbs ripae vicina binominis Histri&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Donau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 2850
| [[Pontus Euxinus]]
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Rhein''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 1233
| [[Mare Germanicum]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| Alba&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Albea&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;  seu Albia&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Albius&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Alpia&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Alvea&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Heilba&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Helbia&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Herlba&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Elbe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 1094
| [[Mare Germanicum]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
|-
| [[Viadrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
|  Viadus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Odora&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Oder&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Odagra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Odara&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Odra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Odrita&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Adora&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Suevus Flavius&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Oddera&lt;ref name=&quot;Elektroniczny słownik hydronimów Polski&quot;&gt;[https://eshp.ijp.pan.pl/search/results/226313 Elektroniczny słownik hydronimów Polski] (Polonice), ubi dicitur &quot;Oddere, Odere, Oddera, Oddore 992 RudnickiNO 21-3&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Oddere&lt;ref name=&quot;Elektroniczny słownik hydronimów Polski&quot;/&gt; seu Oddore&lt;ref name=&quot;Elektroniczny słownik hydronimów Polski&quot;/&gt; seu Oddere&lt;ref name=&quot;Elektroniczny słownik hydronimów Polski&quot;/&gt;
| ''Oder''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 854
| [[Mare Balticum]]
| [[Viadrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
|-
| [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Musella&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Mosula&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Musla&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Mosel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 544
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Mogonus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Manus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Moius&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Mogus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Moino&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Main''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 524
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Enus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Oenus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Inus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Hinus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Innus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Inn''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 517
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Wesera seu Wisara seu Wisuraha&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Wisora&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Wisura&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Visera&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Visara&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Wissula&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Wirraha&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Weser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 451
| [[Mare Germanicum]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| 
| ''Saale''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 413
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| Neccarus&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Nechara&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Nectara&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Necorus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Neckar''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 384
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Spreha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Sprea&lt;ref&gt;{{Mundt}}&lt;/ref&gt; seu Spreve&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Sprewe &lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Sprewa&lt;ref name=&quot;Tractatus de duabus...&quot;&gt;[https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Tractatus_de_duabus_Sarmatiis_Europiana_et_Asiana_et_de_contentis_in_eis Tractatus de duabus Sarmatiis Europiana et Asiana et de contentis in eis], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) penes fluvium Sueuum Teutonice Spre seu Sprewa dictum, (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Spre&lt;ref name=&quot;Tractatus de duabus...&quot;/&gt; seu Suevus&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Suevus&quot;, &quot;... ad Suevum&quot; etc. {{Google Books|KRg_AAAAcAAJ|p. 578 et passim}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Tractatus de duabus...&quot;/&gt;
| ''Spree''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 382
| [[Habala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Emisa&lt;ref name=&quot;Emisa&quot;&gt;[http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Periods/Roman/_Texts/Ptolemy/2/10/Mueller*.html Karl Müller's Apparatus and Notes to Ptolemy, Book II, Chapter 10: Germania Magna], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Amisis vel Amissis codd. Plinii 4, 100; Ἀμασίας Strabo 7, 1, 3; germanice olim Emisa fl. et Emisgow regio, nunc Ems fl. (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Amissis&lt;ref name=&quot;Emisa&quot;/&gt; seu Amisis&lt;ref name=&quot;Emisa&quot;/&gt; seu Amisus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Amasis&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Amasius&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Emesa&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Amera&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Ems''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 371
| [[Sinus Dollarius]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.es/books?id=O6deAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PA675&amp;lpg=PA675&amp;dq=%22dollert%22+sinus&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=gvKfvPBBEJ&amp;sig=ACfU3U1HLVN-1obH4z02czxdQrkKEeQdtA&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjf-M714PSGAxWJVPEDHeCwAEcQ6AF6BAgfEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%22dollert%22%20sinus&amp;f=false Allgemeinnütziges Geschicht- und Staaten-Wörterbuch], ubi dicitur &quot;Dollart, Dollert, Sinus Dollarius vel Emdanus (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Habala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Habola&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Havila&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Labola&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Albola&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Havel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 325
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Weraha|Weraha Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|  Werra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Wirra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Wirraha&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Vagarna&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Vierra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Werra''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 298
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Isara (Bavaricus)|Isara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Isura&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Isarus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Ysera&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Isar''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 292
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Agara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Agira&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Agra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Egra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Oegra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Ogra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Agria&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Eger''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 291
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Layna]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Leinus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Lynius&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Lagina&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Leine''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 281
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aller_(Germany) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Anglicam], ubi dicitur &quot;The river's name, which was recorded in 781 as ''Alera'', in 803 as ''Elera'', in 1096 as ''Alara'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Alera&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt; seu Elera&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt; seu Aelara&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Alra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Aller''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 263
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Alestra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alestra&quot;&gt;Documentum 68, in: Carolus H. Lampe (Ed.): Urkundenbuch der Deutschordensballei Thüringen, 1. Bd., p. 68.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Elstera&lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.is/20121129132241/bv-moeckernwahren.de/via/Viadukt_25.pdf DIE BÜRGERZEITUNG FÜR MÖCKERN UND WAHRENDIE WEISSE ELSTER - ein vergessener Fluß?]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; seu Elstera Albus&lt;ref&gt;[http://books.google.de/books?id=9ZHWEx8N9OUC&amp;pg=RA1-PA44&amp;lpg=RA1-PA44&amp;dq=Elstera+alba&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=4VyINmTTBp&amp;sig=PywVNQzENKElHEKmuCw_rgrRjks&amp;hl=de&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=0VZnT7jFEMeH4gSTxdCLCA&amp;ved=0CC8Q6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&amp;q=Elstera%20alba&amp;f=false Lexicon manuale, geographiam antiquam et mediam cum latine tum germanice ... von Johann Wilhelm Ferdinand Müller]&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Weiße Elster''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 257
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Lupia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Lippia&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Lippa&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Libia&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Luppia&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Lyppia&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Lippe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 255
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Nissa (flumen)|Nissa]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Nysa&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Nyza&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Nycza&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Nysensis&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Neiße''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 254
| [[Viadrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
| [[Viadrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
|-
| [[Licus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Lica&lt;ref&gt;[http://books.google.com/books?id=V-oKH5yTvyAC&amp;pg=PA82-IA1&amp;lpg=PA82-IA1&amp;dq=Lica+Lech&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=k2mj676gV4&amp;sig=_V0jmBjlhnU4yI5oMRn5LnrsmlA&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=WnlITbiBCYjHswaGvJCCAw&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=2&amp;ved=0CBcQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=Lica%20Lech&amp;f=false Poesies: Llibres I i II By Venantius Honorius Clementianus Fortunatus]&lt;/ref&gt; seu Lichus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Lecha&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Licoas&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Lycus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Lechus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Lemannus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Lemannius&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Lehhae&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Lech''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 248
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Saravus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Sarra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Sara&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Sangona&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Saora&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Saroa&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Saar''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 246
| [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;&gt;{{Murray}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Loganus&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.dilibri.de/rlb/content/thumbview/63151 ''37 - (46) - Lahnstenium (ubi Loganum Rhenus suscipit) Confluentia venienti || Lhaanstein, komende van Koblenz - +â+ôbersicht - Landesbibliothekszentrum Rheinland-Pfalz'' apud www.dilibri.de] &quot;Lahnstenium ubi Loganum Rhenus suscipit.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; seu Lahna&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.archive.org/stream/a568395900unknuoft/a568395900unknuoft_djvu.txt ''Full text of &quot;Further correspondence respecting the relations existing between foreign governments and the court of Rome : (in continuation of papers presented to the Parliament, March 27, 1851)&quot;'' apud www.archive.org] &quot;[[Limburgum ad Lahnam]]&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; seu Lagana&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Logana&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Lona&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Lanus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Lana&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Lahana&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
| ''Lahn''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 242
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Alcmana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Alcmon&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Alcmona&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Alcmonia&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Alamona&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Alemo&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Alemannus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Almuna&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Almonus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Altmühl''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 227
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Salzaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Salsa&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Ivarus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Iuvarus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Salzach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 225
| [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Fulda&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Vultaha&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Wulda&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Fulda''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 218
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Rura]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Rurinna&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Ruhr''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 217
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Elda (flumen)|Elda]]&lt;ref&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elde#Flussnamen articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung fand 786 als ''in Eldam'' statt&quot; (...).&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Elde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 208
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|}

===Flumina inter 199 et 100 chiliometra longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 199 et 100 chiliometra longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Onestrudis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Onestrudis&quot;&gt;Vide articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Anglicam, ubi dicitur &quot;n 575, the river was attested as the ''Onestrudis'', in the 7th century it was referred to as the ''Unestrude'', and in 994 as the ''Vnstruod''&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Unstroda&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Unstrada&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Unstraha&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Unstravia&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Unstrota&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Unestrude&lt;ref name=&quot;Onestrudis&quot;/&gt; seu Unstruod&lt;ref name=&quot;Onestrudis&quot;/&gt;
| ''Unstrut''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 192
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|
| ''Jagst''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 190
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hunta]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Hunte''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 189
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Egdor]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Egdor&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eider hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Eider (lateinisch Egdor (...) Der Name der Eider leitet sich mit einer gewissen Wahrscheinlichkeit von ''Egidor'' (Fluttor, Schreckenstor) ab und spielt auf den germanischen Meerriesen Ægir an, der für Fluten und damit verbundene Schrecken verantwortlich gemacht wurde. Die nach Volker Schmidt erste lateinische Erwähnung als ''Flumen Egidora'' legt diese Annahme nahe. Weitere Namen der Eider wie ''Egidorae fluminis'' (9. Jh. Reichsannalen), ''fluminis Eydori'' (12. Jh. Saxo Grammaticus), ''Eidera'' (1148 Urkunde Heinrich des Löwen) und ''Eydaer'' (1235 im Erdbuch König Waldemars II.) geben Aufschluss über die Herleitung zum heutigen Namen.  &quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Eidora&lt;ref name=&quot;Egdor&quot;/&gt; seu Egidor&lt;ref name=&quot;Egdor&quot;/&gt; seu Eydorus&lt;ref name=&quot;Egdor&quot;/&gt; seu Egidona&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; seu Eidera&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Egdor&quot;/&gt; seu Eydaer&lt;ref name=&quot;Egdor&quot;/&gt;
| ''Eider''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 188
| [[Mare Germanicum]]
| [[Egdor]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Egdor&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Amper'' seu ''Ammer''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 185
| [[Isara (Bavaricus)|Isara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Elstra nigra|Elstra Nigra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elstra Nigra&quot;&gt;[http://books.google.de/books?id=uMPJ7iscKDoC&amp;pg=PA93&amp;lpg=PA93&amp;dq=Alstera+Elster&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=O6jtjv6YLV&amp;sig=zdBuo9mf6Qv4E__kzibsux-uQn0&amp;hl=de&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=P1NnT-HHJYnOswa108jiBQ&amp;ved=0CCAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&amp;q=Alstera%20Elster&amp;f=false Ortsnamenbuch des Mittelelbegebietes von Inge Bily]&lt;/ref&gt;
| Elstera Niger&lt;ref&gt;[http://books.google.de/books?id=9ZHWEx8N9OUC&amp;pg=RA1-PA44&amp;lpg=RA1-PA44&amp;dq=Elstera+alba&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=4VyINmTTBp&amp;sig=PywVNQzENKElHEKmuCw_rgrRjks&amp;hl=de&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=0VZnT7jFEMeH4gSTxdCLCA&amp;ved=0CC8Q6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&amp;q=Elstera%20alba&amp;f=false Lexicon manuale, geographiam antiquam et mediam cum latine tum germanice ... von Johann Wilhelm Ferdinand Müller]&lt;/ref&gt; seu Altsra&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| ''Schwarze Elster''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 179
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Adrana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrana&quot;&gt;[https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Ab_excessu_divi_Augusti_(Annales)/Liber_I#LVI Taciti ''Ab excessū dovo Augusti/Liber I, caput LVI] ubi dicitur &quot;(...) iuventus flumen Adranam nando tramiserat (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Adarna&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Aderna&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Ederna&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Ethrina&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Adrina&lt;ref&gt;Sperber, Rüdiger (1996). &quot;Die Nebenflüsse von Werra und Fulda bis zum Zusammenfluß&quot;. ''Hydronymia Germaniae''. Reihe A, Lief. 5. Steiner, Wiesbaden. ISBN 978-3515006453.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Eder''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 177
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Sura (Mosella)|Sura Mosellae]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Sauer''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 173
| [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hassa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hassa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hase_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Im Jahr 763 wird der Fluss erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (secus fluvium Hassa) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Hasa&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Asa&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Assa&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Hase''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 170
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Boda]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Bada&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Botum&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Buda&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Bode''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 169
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Regana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Regana&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regen_(river)#Etymology hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Anglicam], ubi dicitur &quot; The Romans called the river variously ''Regana'' (feminine gender), ''Reganus'' (masculine), and ''Reganum'' (neuter)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Reganus&lt;ref name=&quot;Regana&quot;/&gt; seu Reganum&lt;ref name=&quot;Regana&quot;/&gt;
| ''Regen''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 169
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Cochera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cochera&quot;&gt;[https://books.google.es/books?id=bHVBAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=RA3-PA63&amp;lpg=RA3-PA63&amp;dq=cochera+fluvius+Kocher&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=9heufonibr&amp;sig=ACfU3U1qKFXUcAKG4YdC_4Y2JchLVTDjZw&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwi359OEkvWGAxVfbvEDHcChAggQ6AF6BAgJEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=cochera%20fluvius%20Kocher&amp;f=false Mercurius Gallobelgicus M. Gothardo Arthusio succenturiatus], ubi dicitur &quot;ibique in Cochera (...) fluvius Kocher&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Cochara&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Kocher&lt;ref name=&quot;Cochera&quot;/&gt;
| ''Kocher''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 168
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Seyna Minor]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sayn&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex vocibus &quot;Seyna&quot; aut &quot;Zeina&quot;, quae apparent in {{Graesse}} referentes ad oppidulum Germanicum Theodisce nuncupatum &quot;Sayn&quot;, cuius nomen e flumine homonymo derivatur, etiam nuncupato Theodisce ''Saynbach'', quod vicissim dat nomen alio flumini ''Kleiner Saynbach''&lt;/ref&gt;
| Zeina Minor&lt;ref name=&quot;Sayn&quot;/&gt;
| ''Kleiner Saynbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 167
| [[Seyna (flumen)|Seyna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sayn&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Vidrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Vaconna&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Vechta&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Vedrus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Vechte''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 167
| [[Aqua Nigra (flumen)|Aqua Nigra]]&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.google.es/books/edition/Nederlandse_waternamen/HIEdAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;bsq=%22Zwarte+Water%22+%22aqua+nigra%22&amp;dq=%22Zwarte+Water%22+%22aqua+nigra%22&amp;printsec=frontcover Mauritii Schönfeld ''Nederlandse waternamen''], ubi dicitur &quot;Wijdverbreid is ''Zwarte Water'' = lt. ''Aqua nigra'', engels ''Blackwater'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Lacus Yssel]]
|-
| [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;&gt;Omnia haec nomina finguntur e nominibus Latinis quae {{Graesse}} dat flumini Theodisce ''Mulde'' nuncupato et e adiectivo &quot;Zviccaviensis-e&quot;, in libro &quot;Codex Statutorum Zviccaviensium&quot; apparenti et referenti ad urbem [[Cygnea]]m.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Milda Zviccaviensis&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;/&gt; seu Milla Zviccaviensis&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;/&gt; seu Mulda Zviccaviensis&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;/&gt; seu Mylda Zviccaviensis&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;/&gt; seu Mlidava Zviccaviensis&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;/&gt;
| ''Zwickauer Mulde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 166
| [[Mulda]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Naba]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naab#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die frühesten Belege sind ''Nabas'' (700), ''Napa'' (885), ''Naba'' (885), ''Nabe'' (1199) und ''Nab'' (1245), (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Nabas&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba&quot;/&gt; seu Napa&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba&quot;/&gt; seu Nabe&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba&quot;/&gt; seu Nab&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba&quot;/&gt;
| ''Naab''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 165
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Rur''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 164
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Schleichgraben]]
|
| ''Schleichgraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 155
| [[Elstra nigra|Elstra Nigra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elstra Nigra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Sega]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Segaha&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Siga&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Sieg''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 155
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Osta (flumen)|Osta]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Hosta&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Oste''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 153
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Wertaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Werdaha&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Virdo&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Vinda&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Vindex&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Wertach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 150
| [[Licus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hilaria&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iller hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Ihr lateinischer Name war '''Hilaria''' oder auch ''Hilara'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Hilara&lt;ref name=&quot;Hilaria&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Ilara&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Ilaris&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Hylarus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Ylarus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Ilargus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Iller''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 147
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Mulda|Mulda Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Milda&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Milla&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Mylda&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Mlidava&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Mulde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 147
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Penus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Pena&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Penes&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Pana&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Penis&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Peanis&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Peene''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 136
| [[Lutense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutense&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutense&quot; Lutense&quot;] apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Penus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Ilmena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Ilma&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Ilm''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 134
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Parra (flumen)|Parra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Paar''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 134
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Rhinus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Rhin''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 133
| [[Habala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Werenza]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Warinza&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Werna&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Wörnitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 132
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Tuberus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Tubaris&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Tubara&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Tauber''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 131
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Varnova]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmeister II 1891&quot;&gt;Hofmeister, A. (1891). ''Die Matrikel der Universität Rostock: Vol. 2''. (Mich. 1499 - Ost. 1611). Stiller'sche Hofbuchhandlung.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Warnou]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Warnou&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.fs-warnemuende.de/ www.fs-warnemuende], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Das Gewässer, das nördlich von Parchim entspringt, ist erstmals 1160 als Warnou flumen und 1186 als aqua Warnow urkundlich erwähnt (...).&lt;/ref&gt;, Warnow&lt;ref name=&quot;Warnou&quot;/&gt;
| ''Warnow''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 130
| [[Mare Balticum]]
| [[Chalusus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Lena (Rura)|Lena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lena&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenne_(Ruhr)#Namehoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Der Fluss wird im 13. Jh. erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (supra oder super Lenam)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Lenne''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 129
| [[Rura]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Kila]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Kylia&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Belgis&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Kyll''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 128
| [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Schapa (flumen)|Schapa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schapa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zschopau#Geschichte de homonymā urbe apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 1286 erfolgte die erste urkundliche Erwähnung als „Schapa“, 1292 die Bezeichnung Zschopaus als civitas (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Zschopau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 128
| [[Mulda]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Lapara Wissingensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lapara&quot;&gt;Secundum [https://books.google.es/books?id=i-_gDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA21&amp;lpg=PA21&amp;dq=%22Kleine+Laber+%22+flumen&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=sJegxM7pNX&amp;sig=ACfU3U3SJzaPgZCEumBJptUz_l_4myXnmg&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj-4uiTsraHAxW_Q_EDHcZbBxYQ6AF6BAgOEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Kleine%20Laber%20%22%20flumen&amp;f=false ''Historischer Atlas von Bayern''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Große und die Kleine Laber sind um 790 als &quot;Lapara&quot; belegt (...)&quot;, nomen Latinum &quot;Lapara&quot; ad flumina Theodisce ''Große Laber'' et ''Kleine Laber'' nuncupata refert. Ergo, adhibitur adiectivum &quot;parva&quot; seu &quot;magna&quot; seu &quot;alba&quot; seu &quot;Wissingensis&quot; seu &quot;Breitenbrunnensis&quot; historico nomini Latino ut distinguantur haec flumina.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Wissinger Laber''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 127
| [[Lapara Breitenbrunnensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lapara&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius II 1898&quot;&gt;Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Erläuterungen zum geschichtlichen Atlas der Rheinprovinz: Zweiter Band. Die Karte von 1789''. Bonnae: Hermann Behrendt.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Naha&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Nahe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 125
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sala (Moenus)|Sala in pago Salvense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sala in pago&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A4nkische_Saale#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Erstmals erwähnt wurde die Fränkische Saale im Jahr 716 als super fluvio Sala in pago Salvense (am Fluss Sala im Saalgau). Im Jahr 777 schrieb man in einem Fuldaer Urkundenbuch: in pago Salecgauio super fluvio Sala (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Fränkische Saale''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 125
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Mulda Fribergensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MF&quot;&gt;Omnia haec nomina finguntur e nominibus Latinis quae {{Graesse}} dat flumini Theodisce ''Mulde'' nuncupato et e adiectivo &quot;Fribergensis-e&quot;, referenti ad urbem [[Friberga]]m.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Milda Fribergensis&lt;ref name=&quot;MF&quot;/&gt; seu Milla Fribergensis&lt;ref name=&quot;MF&quot;/&gt; seu Mylda Fribergensis&lt;ref name=&quot;MF&quot;/&gt; seu Mlidava Fribergensis&lt;ref name=&quot;MF&quot;/&gt;
| ''Freiberger Mulde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 124
| [[Mulda]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Wemma]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Wimma&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Wümme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 121
| [[Lesmonia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lesum&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesum#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 1331 als ''ultra Lesmoniam'' erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Nersa]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Niers''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 118
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Bercla]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bercla&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkel#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Der Fluss tritt 1322 erstmals urkundlich in Erscheinung (''bercla'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Berkel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 115
| [[Isala]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Isala&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IJssel hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Anglicam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) The Romans knew the river as '''Isala''' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Isala]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Isala&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wippera]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Wupper''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 115
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Liubasa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Liubasa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loisach#%C3%89tymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Francicam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Les formes antérieures de noms sont Liubasa (1003), Lyubasa (environ 1052), Liubisaha (1148-1155), Livbisaha (12e siècle), Liubsaha (1258), Leusach (1332), Leusach (1348) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Lyubasa&lt;ref name=&quot;Liubasa&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Liubisaha&lt;ref name=&quot;Liubasa&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Liubsaha&lt;ref name=&quot;Liubasa&quot;/&gt; seu Leusach&lt;ref name=&quot;Liubasa&quot;/&gt; seu Loysa&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Loisach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 114
| [[Isara (Bavaricus)|Isara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Nida (flumen)|Nida Saravi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nida&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nied#Hydronymie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Francicam], ubi dicitur &quot;Dénommé ''Nida'' dans les inscriptions romaines (...) Anciennes mentions: Neda (1121), Nidden (1200), Nithen (1364) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Neda&lt;ref name=&quot;Nida&quot;/&gt; seu Nidden&lt;ref name=&quot;Nida&quot;/&gt; seu Nithen&lt;ref name=&quot;Nida&quot;/&gt; seu Nita Germanica&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| ''Nied''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 114
| [[Saravus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Trabena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Travea&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Travenna&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Travena&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Chalusus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Trave''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 114
| [[Mare Balticum]]
| [[Trabena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Pagantia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Pegnesus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Pegnitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 113
| [[Radiantia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Peschsiefen]]
|
| ''Peschsiefen''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 113
| [[Ankerbacum (Rhenus)|Ankerbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;&gt;Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-bach'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato &quot;-bacum-i&quot;, quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Forbacum]], [[Gengenbacum]], [[Lambacum]], [[Muorbacum]], [[Orbacum]], [[Rohrbacum]], [[Rosbacum]], [[Rubeacum]], [[Solisbacum]], [[Swabacum]], [[Abacum (Germania)|Abacum]], [[Brubacum]], [[Corbacum]] apud {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Enze]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Enze&quot;&gt;Vide [https://ia601601.us.archive.org/23/items/bub_gb_G-4IAAAAQAAJ/bub_gb_G-4IAAAAQAAJ.pdf ''Beiträge zur gallo-keltisch... Namenkunde''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) die ''Enz'' (in den Neckar), c. 1150 Enze fluvius (d i. *Antia) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Enz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 112
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Dimel]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dimel&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diemel#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;In historischen Quellen wird die Diemel ebenfalls als ''Dimel, Dymel, Dimella, Dimola, Timella'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Dymel&lt;ref name=&quot;Dimel&quot;/&gt; seu Dimella&lt;ref name=&quot;Dimel&quot;/&gt; seu Dimola&lt;ref name=&quot;Dimel&quot;/&gt; Timella&lt;ref name=&quot;Dimel&quot;/&gt;
| ''Diemel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 111
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Rota (Aenus)|Rota Aeni]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Rott''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 111
| [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Ilmena (Albis)|Ilmena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Ilma&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Ilmenau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 109
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Vilisa|Vilisa Danubii]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| Vilsa&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt; seu Vilusa&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Quintanica&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt; seu Filisa&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt; seu Filusa&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt; seu Filsa&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt; seu Philisa&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt; seu Vilosa&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt; seu Vilusa&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| ''Vils''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 109
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Sala (Salzaha)|Sala Danubii]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Saalach&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA455&amp;lpg=PA455&amp;dq=Saalach+%22flumen%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=ujlRsntsPa&amp;sig=ACfU3U0SU_fvCyOKvGtwJZrcYzb3TFBxYg&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiP45KImveGAxX9RP4FHTzeBMoQ6AF6BAgmEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=Saalach%20%22flumen%22&amp;f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch], ubi dicitur &quot;''''Saalach''', '''die''' (...) ''iuxta fluvium Sala, iuxta fluvio Sala (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Saalach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 106
| [[Salzaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Redera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Riedel 1863&quot;&gt;Riedel, A. F., auctore (1863). ''Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis''. Berolini: F.H. Morin.&lt;/ref&gt; 
|
| ''Große Röder''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 105
| [[Elstra nigra|Elstra Nigra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elstra Nigra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Ovacra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ovacra&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oker hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Sie wurde 747 das erste Mal als Ovacra in Zusammenhang mit dem Okerübergang in Ohrum erwähnt, (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.dmgh.de/mgh_ss_rer_germ_6/index.htm#page/7/mode/1up Annales regni Francorum (MGH SS rer. Germ. 6)], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) super fluvium Ovacra in loco, qui dicitur Orheim, (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Obacro&lt;ref&gt;[https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Annales_regni_Francorum Annales regni Francorum (Vicifons)], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) supra fluvium Obacro in loco, qui dicitur Orhaim&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Oker''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 105
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Arnefa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Arnefa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erft#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Erstmals urkundlich erwähnt wurde die Erft im Jahre 496/506 vom Geographen von Ravenna als Arnefa. Sie hieß zunächst „Arnapa“, später „Arnefe“ und „Arlefe“. Schließlich fand man 1320 den Namen „Arfe“. Der Name ist eine Komposition aus dem Hydronym -apa und dem germanischen Wort *arna-/*arni- mit der Bedeutung 'sicher, energisch, tüchtig' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Arnapa&lt;ref name=&quot;Arnefa&quot;/&gt; seu Arnefe&lt;ref name=&quot;Arnefa&quot;/&gt; seu Arlefe&lt;ref name=&quot;Arnefa&quot;/&gt; seu Arfe&lt;ref name=&quot;Arnefa&quot;/&gt; seu [[Arphta]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lacomblet 1840&quot;&gt;Lacomblet, T. J. (1840). ''Urkundenbuch für die Geschichte des Niederrheins oder des Erzstifts Cöln''. H. Voss.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Erft''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 103
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Misa (flumen Germanicum)|Misa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Misa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%BEe#Etymology hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Anglicam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Originally, the entire stream including the Berounka was called Mže (Latin: ''Misa'', German: ''Mies'') and the name first appeared in the 12th century in Chronica Boemorum. The name was written as ''Mse'', ''Msa'' and ''Mzye'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Mse&lt;ref name=&quot;Misa&quot;/&gt; seu Msa&lt;ref name=&quot;Misa&quot;/&gt; seu Mzye&lt;ref name=&quot;Misa&quot;/&gt;
| ''Mies''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 103
| [[Berounka]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Berounka&quot;&gt;Vide [https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/medias/4f/42/18/bd/4f4218bd-603a-4e29-9aa1-5794dcc5fcde/files/Cavan_Alt_02.pdf Asiento para un atlas corológico de la flora occidental, 25], ubi dicitur &quot;in rivo Berounka haud procul a pago Zadní Trebáñ&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Ora (Albis)|Ora Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Ara&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Oraha&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Hora&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Ohre''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 103
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Ach (Blavius)|Ach Blavii]]
|
| ''Ach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 102
| [[Blavius]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Vida]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schaltenbrand II 1923&quot;&gt;Schaltenbrand, J. (Ed.) (1923). ''Registrum bonorum et redituum archidioecesis Coloniensis ex saeculo XIV'' (Vol. 2). Typis Academicis. &lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Wida (flumen)|Wida Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wida&quot;&gt;Helmut Priewer, Mathias Priewer, Gerhard Hachenberg: Warum ist die Wied eine Witt? In: Heimat-Jahrbuch des Landkreises Neuwied 2011, ISBN 3-9809797-8-4, S. 232–235.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Vidua&lt;ref name=&quot;Stramberg V 1856&quot;&gt;Stramberg, C. von. (1856). ''Das Rheinische Antiquarius: Mittelrhein, Der Rheingau'' (Vol. 5). R. F. Hergt.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Weda&lt;ref name=&quot;Stramberg V 1856&quot;&gt;Stramberg, C. von. (1856). ''Das Rheinische Antiquarius: Mittelrhein, Der Rheingau'' (Vol. 5). R. F. Hergt.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Vieda&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius II 1898&quot;/&gt;
| ''Wied''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 102
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ach Frewbergense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Frewberga&quot;&gt;Adiectivo &quot;Frewbergensis-e&quot; vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Friedberger Ach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 100
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Blesa (tributarius Saravi)|Blesa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Blesa&quot;&gt;Hadrianus Vallesius, ''Notitia Galliarum ordine litterarum digesta'', [[Lutetia|Parisiis]], 1675, apud Fredericum Leonard, p. 89.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Blies''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 100
| [[Saravus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Fuhse]]
|
| ''Fuhse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 100
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Indistra]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Indistra&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innerste#Namensherkunft hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name Innerste (frühere Formen lauten auch Inste (1805) oder Inster(-Fluß) (1780[9] und 1742[10]), Inderste (1567), Indistria (1313), Entrista (1065) und Indrista (1013)), könnte auf die indogermanische Wurzel oid = schwellend, kräftig zurückgehen (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Inderste&lt;ref name=&quot;Indistra&quot;/&gt; seu Indistria&lt;ref name=&quot;Indistra&quot;/&gt; seu Entrista&lt;ref name=&quot;Indistra&quot;/&gt;
| ''Innerste''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 100
| [[Layna]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|}

===Flumina inter 99 et 85 chiliometra longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 99 et 75 chiliometra aut amplius longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Naba silvatica|Naba Silvatica]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba silvatica&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen e flumine Nabā (cui vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naab#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Die frühesten Belege sind ''Nabas'' (700), ''Napa'' (885), ''Naba'' (885), ''Nabe'' (1199) und ''Nab'' (1245), (...)&quot;) et versione adiectivo praeposito ''Wald-'' (cui vide [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Wald?wb=gross&amp;nr=1 Navigium], ubi dicitur &quot;'''silvāticus a um''' (''a/o-Deklination'') Wald-, zum Wald gehörig&quot;).&lt;/ref&gt;
| Nabas Silvatica&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba silvatica&quot;/&gt; seu Napa Silvatica&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba silvatica&quot;/&gt; seu Nabe Silvaticum&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba silvatica&quot;/&gt; seu Nab Silvaticum&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba silvatica&quot;/&gt;
| ''Waldnaab''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 99
| [[Naba]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Ukera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ukera&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110338591.551/html?lang=en degruyter.com], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''Ucker, die''' (in Brandenburg)&quot;, '''Uecker''' (in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) (...) 1168 ''fluminis ucrensis,'' 1235 (Kopie) ''parte aque'' (...) ''ukera, trans ukeram,'' (...) ''prope ukram'' (...).&lt;/ref&gt;
| Ukara&lt;ref name=&quot;Ukera&quot;/&gt; seu Ukra&lt;ref name=&quot;Ukera&quot;/&gt; seu Flumen Ucrense&lt;ref name=&quot;Ukera&quot;/&gt; seu Ucra&lt;ref name=&quot;Bratring 1805&quot;&gt;Bratring, F. W. A., auctore (1805). ''Statistisch-topographische Beschreibung der gesammten Mark Brandenburg''. Berolini: Friedrich Maurer.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Uecker''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 98
| [[Lacus maritimus Stettinensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;LMS&quot;&gt;De hoc nomine, confer urbem [[Stettinum]].&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Ukera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ukera&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Alend]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alend&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milde-Biese-Aland#cite_ref-8 hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name wird 786 als Alend erstmals erwähnt und hat die Bedeutung 'aufwachsend' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Aland'' seu ''Milde'' seu ''Biese'' seu ''Milde-Biese-Aland''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 97
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Sualmanaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sualmanaha&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.hna.de/lokales/schwalmstadt/schwalmstadt-ort68394/der-nebelfluss-und-seine-geschichte-90881979.html hna.de], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) In der älteren Wissenschaft wird behauptet, im 8. und 9. Jahrhundert habe der Fluss „Sualmanaha“, „Suualmanaha“ und „Swalmanaha“ gelautet, was Dampfwasser oder Nebelfluss oder Nebelgewässer bedeutete (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Suvalmanaha&lt;ref name=&quot;Sualmanaha&quot;/&gt; seu Swalamanaha&lt;ref name=&quot;Sualmanaha&quot;/&gt;
| ''Schwalm''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 97
| [[Adrana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrana&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Oura (Sura)|Oura]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Binterim &amp; Mooren II 1831&quot;&gt;Binterim, A. J., &amp; Mooren, J. H. (1831). ''Die alte und neue Erzdiözese Köln in ihrer ehemaligen Ausdehnung'' (Vol. 2). Moguntiaci: Kirchheim, Schott und Thielmann. &lt;/ref&gt;
| Ura&lt;ref name=&quot;Beyer 1860&quot;&gt;Beyer, H. (1860). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der jetzt die Preussischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden Mittelrheinischen Territorien'' (Vol. 1). Hölscher.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Our'' seu ''Ur''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 96
| [[Sura (Mosella)|Sura Mosellae]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Dame]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dame&quot;&gt;Confer [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA86#v=snippet&amp;q=1440&amp;f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch] de regione homonymā, ubi dicitur &quot;(...) provincia, que Dame dicitur (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Dahme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 95
| [[Spreha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Swarza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Swarza&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzach_(Naab) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Bereits 1250 wurde die „Swarza“ erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Schwarzach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 95
| [[Naba]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Wippera (Onestrudis)|Wippera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wippera Onestrudis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Theodisce ''Wipper''. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Wipper''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 95
| [[Onestrudis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Onestrudis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Doxa (flumen)|Doxa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Doxa&quot;&gt;Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20241226123407/https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/id/5ca0240d-cb67-447b-838c-e448c1f84200/1003655.pdf Beiträge zur Geschichte der Besiedlung Nord- und Mitteldeutschlands mit Balkanslaven], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Das ausschlaggebende Grundwort bei den bereits erwähnten und noch zu erwähnenden Formen scheint der Name der ''Dosse'', ein es Nebenflusses der Havel in der Prignitz. zu sein . Die frühesten, im Grunde jedoch spät einsetzenden Belege dieses Hydronyms sind: 1172 ''iuxta...Doxam'' (Helmold 40); 1274 ''dossa''; 1284 ''infra dosam'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Dossa&lt;ref name=&quot;Doxa&quot;/&gt; seu Dosa&lt;ref name=&quot;Doxa&quot;/&gt;
| ''Dosse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 94
| [[Habala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Chinzechun]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinzig_(Rhein)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 1099: ''ad Chinzechun; ad aliam Chinzichun''[6] 1128: ''flumen'' [Fluss] ''Kinzicha, flumen Kynzichun, ad aliam Kynzicham'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Chinzichun&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;/&gt; seu Kinzicha&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;/&gt; seu Kynzichun&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;/&gt; seu Kynzicha&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;/&gt;
| ''Kinzig''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 93
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Kincicha]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|
| ''Kinzig''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 92
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Nagalda (flumen)|Nagalda]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Nagalta&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Nagaltha&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Naglatensis&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Nagold''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 91
| [[Enze]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Enze&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Premantia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Premantia&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prims#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Eine lateinische Urkunde Karls des Großen von 802 erwähnt den Namen Premantia. Der Flussname Premantia oder Bhrimantia (von „wallen“/„summen“) dürfte der keltischen Epoche entstammen (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Bhrimantia
| ''Prims''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 91
| [[Saravus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Glana (Nava)|Glana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius 1891&quot;&gt;Fabricius, W. (1891). ''Die Herrschaften des unteren Nahegebietes: Der Nahegau und seine Umgebung''. Bonnae: Behrend &amp; Co.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Glan&lt;ref name=&quot;Glan Navae&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA177&amp;lpg=PA177&amp;dq=%22flumen+Glan%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=ujmIwlysO7&amp;sig=ACfU3U23l5Qidd06sYVb0KVJREd8YLFvDQ&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwji5bbFwZ-HAxXgQvEDHdb5ClsQ6AF6BAgLEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%22flumen%20Glan%22&amp;f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Glan, der r.z. Nahe (z. Rhein) bei Odernheim am Glan (...) ''super flumen Glan'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Glanus&lt;ref name=&quot;&quot;&gt;Widder, J. C. (1788). ''Versuch einer vollständigen geographisch-historischen Beschreibung der Kurfürstlichen Pfalz'' (Vol. 3). [[Francofurtum ad Moenum|Francofurti ad Moenum]].&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Glan''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 90
| [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius II 1898&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Helzaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Helzaha&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elz_(Rhein)#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Nach Berger (1999) sind die Namen ''Helzaha fluvium'' (763), ''Elzach'' (1234) und ''Elza'' (1335) urkundlich belegt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Elsach&lt;ref name=&quot;Helzaha&quot;/&gt; seu Elza&lt;ref name=&quot;Helzaha&quot;/&gt; seu Alisontia&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Elz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 90
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Nida (Moenus)|Nida Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nida Moeni&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nidda_(Fluss)#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name ''Nidda'' gehört zu den ältesten Gewässernamen Europas. Die im 1. Jahrhundert an der Nidda errichtete Römerstadt Nida deutet darauf hin, dass die Römer den Flussnamen bereits vorfanden. Die älteste mittelalterliche Erwähnung findet sich in einer Urkunde des Lorscher Codex aus dem Jahr 782 (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Nidda''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 90
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Plissa]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Pleiße''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 90
| [[Alestra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alestra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Vutahe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Vutahe&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wutach articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Wutach wird im Jahr 1122 urkundlich erstmals genannt als ''Vutahe'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Wutach'' seu ''Gutach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 90
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Aach Zwiveltense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;AZ&quot;&gt;De adiectivo Zwiveltense, confer articulum de [[Zwiveltum|urbe Zwivelto]].&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Zwiefalter Aach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 89
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Dinkel (flumen)|Dinkel]]
|
| ''Dinkel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 89
| [[Vidrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Lacus Yssel]]
|-
| [[Raxa]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Recknitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 88
| [[Mare Balticum]]
| [[Raxa]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Lapara magna|Lapara Magna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lapara&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Große Laber''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 87
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Stora]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Stura&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Sturia&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Stihira&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Stör''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 87
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Abrinca&lt;ref name=&quot;Vergleichendes&quot;/&gt; seu Abricca&lt;ref name=&quot;Vergleichendes&quot;&gt;[http://books.google.de/books?id=NvYRAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA6&amp;lpg=PA6&amp;dq=Abricca&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=eTCBImcOgu&amp;sig=u6nCfXmVmg2Y28LgxVTT_TFVIf4&amp;hl=de&amp;ei=mzfBTpGBMe754QSxqJyoBA&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=2&amp;ved=0CCMQ6AEwATge#v=onepage&amp;q=Abricca&amp;f=false Vergleichendes wörterbuch der alten, mittleren und neuen geographie von Friedrich Heinrich Theodor Bischoff, Johann Heinrich Möller]&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Ahr''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 85
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hiera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hiera&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gera_(Fluss) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der ursprüngliche Name des Flusses war Erfes (auch Erphes, Erfis oder Erphis), von dem der Name der Thüringer Landeshauptstadt Erfurt abstammt. Der Name Gera als Flussbezeichnung ist seit 1108 (Gerahe) belegt (...) Die lateinische Bezeichnung Hiera für Gera findet sich auch in der Benennung der alten Universität Erfurt als „Hierana“ (die an der Gera gelegene) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gera&lt;ref name=&quot;Hiera&quot;/&gt; seu Erfes&lt;ref name=&quot;Hiera&quot;/&gt; seu Erphes&lt;ref name=&quot;Hiera&quot;/&gt; seu Erfis&lt;ref name=&quot;Hiera&quot;/&gt; seu Erphis&lt;ref name=&quot;Hiera&quot;/&gt; seu Gerahe&lt;ref name=&quot;Hiera&quot;/&gt;
| ''Gera''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 85
| [[Onestrudis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Onestrudis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Prumia (flumen)|Prumia]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| 
| ''Prüm''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 85
| [[Sura (Mosella)|Sura Mosellae]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Osterbek]]
|
| ''Osterbek''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 85
| [[Alstria]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Owe Magnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Magnum&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot;. De hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot; vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)&quot;. Adiectivo &quot;magnum&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Große&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Audan Magnum&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Magnum&quot;/&gt;
| ''Große Aue''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 85
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Schipbeek]]
|
| ''Schipbeek''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 85
| [[Isala]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Isala&quot;/&gt;
| [[Isala]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Isala&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wippera (Sala)|Wippera Salae]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Wipper''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 85
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Zuda (flumen)|Zuda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Sude''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 85
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|}

===Flumina inter 84 et 75 chiliometra longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 84 et 75 chiliometra aut amplius longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Amsara]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| Amsaris&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; seu Hemiscara&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; seu Eimscherna&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;  
| ''Emscher''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 84
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Stepenitz (Albis)|Stepenitz Albis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Stepenitz&quot;&gt;Vide ''Usus aquarum, Interdisziplinäre Studien zur Nutzung und Bedeutung von Gewässern im Mittelalter'', , ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 1264) 1570 ''fluuii Stepenitz'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Stepenitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 84
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Aisca]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aisca&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aisch#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Früher wurde fälschlicherweise angenommen, dass die Herkunft des Namens Aisch (karolingisch Eisce und Eisge, in einer Urkunde von 1129 Aisca[6]) in seiner ursprünglichen Konnotation fischreich bedeutet (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Eisce&lt;ref name=&quot;Aisca&quot;/&gt; seu Eisge&lt;ref name=&quot;Aisca&quot;/&gt;
| ''Aisch''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 83
| [[Radiantia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wazowniza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wesenitz&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wesenitz#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) In der Oberlausitzer Grenzurkunde wurde der Fluss 1241 mehrfach als ''Wazowniza''&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt; genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Wesenitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 83
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Isala Rhenaniae Septentrionalis-Vestfaliae|Isala Vetus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| Sala&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| ''Issel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 82
| [[Isala]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Isala&quot;/&gt;
| [[Isala]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Isala&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Duria (Danubius)|Duria Danubii]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Duria&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zusam#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Eine Landschaftsbezeichnung von 898 in pago Dúria („im Gau Dúria“) enthält den alten Namen des Flusses. Dieser stammt vermutlich vom keltisch/gallischen Wort *durā, *duriā, was so viel wie 'Flusslauf' bedeutet.[4] 1268 tritt der Name als Zvsma, 1269 als Zvsem, 1284 als Zeusme (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Zusma&lt;ref name=&quot;Duria&quot;/&gt; seu Zusem&lt;ref name=&quot;Duria&quot;/&gt; seu Zeusme&lt;ref name=&quot;Duria&quot;/&gt;
| ''Zusam''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 81
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Helmana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Elmena&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Helme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 81
| [[Onestrudis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Onestrudis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Isana (Aenus)|Isana Aeni]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Isia&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Isinisca&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Isen''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 81
| [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Helbe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Helbe&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helbe#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...)Im Jahr 1267 taucht der Fluss als ''aquam … Helbe'' erstmals in den schriftlichen Urkunden auf (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Helbe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 80
| [[Onestrudis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Onestrudis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Itessa]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| Ichesa&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| ''Itz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 80
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Aha (flumen)|Aha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aha&quot;&gt;Vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783258481142_A43727966/preview-9783258481142_A43727966.pdf FLüsse der Alpen: Vielfalt in Natur und Kultur], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''ad Ahae fluvii'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Großache'' seu ''Kitzbüheler Ache'' seu ''Jochberger Ache'' seu ''Kössener Ache'' seu ''Tiroler Achen''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 79
| [[Lacus Chiemensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chiemensis&quot;&gt;Gerhard Lorenz, [https://www.bavarikon.de/search?terms=Prior+von+Tegernsee&amp;lang=en&amp;facet=creator.name_str%3AGerhard%2C+Lorenz%3B+Verfasser &quot;Brevis Bavariae geographia&quot; (Herbipoli: 1844).]&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Murga (Nigra silva septentrionalis)|Murga Nigra silva septentrionalis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Murg''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 79
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wiesent]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiesent&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=6QkAAAAAQAAJ&amp;pg=PA648&amp;lpg=PA648&amp;dq=%22amnis+Wiesent%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=ll6FFVN8hL&amp;sig=ACfU3U3LV2O7iOzTO3ktkkn5305tf_T6fw&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwijsom6v7iHAxWwfKQEHRnRD_4Q6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%22amnis%20Wiesent%22&amp;f=false ''Bryologia universa seu Systematica ad novam methodum dispositio'', Vol. II], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) In lapidicinis et ad ripa amnis Wiesent prope Erlangam (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|  
| ''Wiesent''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 79
| [[Radiantia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Filisa (Naba)|Filisa Nabae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| Vilsa&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| ''Vils''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 78
| [[Naba]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Mintela]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Mindel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 78
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Remisus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Remisus&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=FuwzkvZmlVAC&amp;pg=RA2-PT353&amp;lpg=RA2-PT353&amp;dq=Rems+fluvius&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=pqKYOU-Qfo&amp;sig=ACfU3U0iTPhkv6wzJUq8mkuntYSbzkgUaw&amp;hl=de&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwi04PX82dvmAhVKK5oKHUwGAR8Q6AEwAXoECAcQAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=Rems%20fluvius&amp;f=false FONS LATINITATIS CORVINIANUS BICORNIS, auctore Christophoro Giglingio].&lt;/ref&gt;
| Remsa&lt;ref name=&quot;Remisus&quot;/&gt; seu Ramasia&lt;ref&gt;[https://books.google.de/books?id=bmITAAAAIAAJ&amp;q=Ramasia&amp;dq=Ramasia&amp;hl=de&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjX3v-KyNvmAhXQLVAKHZyABysQ6AEIXDAH Fons nominis in ''Heinrich Bebels Facetien drei Bücher'', 1931, pag. 199]&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Rems''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 78
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Frimida]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Frimida&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfreimd_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die ältesten Belege des Namens Pfreimd sind ''Frimida'' (1022/23), ''Frima'' (1024–1031), ''Phrime'' (um 1130; mit der alten Schreibung &lt;ph&gt; für &lt;pf&gt;) und ''Phrimede'' (1156) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Frima&lt;ref name=&quot;Frimida&quot;/&gt; seu Phrime&lt;ref name=&quot;Frimida&quot;/&gt; seu Phrimede&lt;ref name=&quot;Frimida&quot;/&gt;
| ''Pfreimd''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 76
| [[Naba]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Smuttura]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Schmutter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 76
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Ilma (Bavaria)|Ilma]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilma&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilm_(Abens)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Im Jahre 821 schrieb man ''Ilma'', 890 ''Ilminam'', 920 ''Ilmim'' und seit 1322 ''Ilm'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Ilmina&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilma&quot;/&gt; seu Ilmin&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilma&quot;/&gt; seu Ilm&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilma&quot;/&gt;
| ''Ilm''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 75
| [[Abia (Danubius)|Abia Danubii]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Lade]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lade&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leda_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die erste schriftliche Nennung (fluuium Lade) stammt aus der ersten Hälfte des 9. Jahrhunderts (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Leda''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 75
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Murga (Neoburgum)|Murga Neoburgensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murga NB&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauter_(Rhein,_Neuburg)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Lauter hieß am Unterlauf in keltisch-römischer Zeit Murga (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Lutra&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Lauter'' seu ''Wieslauter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 75
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Tribula (Penus)|Tribula Peni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Tribula&quot;&gt;Vide [https://mvdok.lbmv.de/mjbrenderer?id=mvdok_document_00002847 Die slavischen Ortsnamen in Meklenburg], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Trebel, Fluß, unterhalb Demmin in die Peene, 1285 aqva, que Tribula dicitur, 1292 supra Treble, 1298 fluvius Trebele (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Treble&lt;ref name=&quot;Tribula&quot;/&gt;
| ''Trebel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 75
| [[Penus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Penus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|}

===Flumina inter 74 et 60 chiliometra longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 74 et 60 chiliometra aut amplius longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Kambeloch]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Kambeloch&quot;&gt;Vide [https://epub.uni-regensburg.de/31392/1/Katalog%20der%20romanischen%20Ortsnamen%20in%20Bayern.pdf ''Katalog der romanischen Ortsnamen in Bayern''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''Kammel''', Fluss links zur Mindel (z.Donau), ON. Kammlach (Lkr. Unterallgäu), 1243 ''Kambeloch'', &lt; FlN. (kelt.) *''Kambal''- (+ ahd. -''aha'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Kammel'' seu ''Kammlach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 74
| [[Mintela]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Lesura (flumen Germanicum)|Lesura]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lesura&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lieser_(Mosel)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name des Baches ist keltischen Ursprungs.[4] Die früheste Erwähnung der Lieser als ''Lesura'' findet sich in dem um 371 entstandenen Gedicht Mosella von Ausonius.[5] In Vers 365 steht: „Praetereo exilem Lesuram“ (die armselige Lieser übergehe ich).[6] In einem Testament aus dem Dezember 634 wird von Weingütern an der Lieser berichtet, die der Eigentümer besitzt: „Vineas ad Lesuram … quas possedi“.[7] Seit dem späten 8. Jahrhundert wandelt sich das e im Flussnamen ''Lesura'' zu ''i'' oder y, wobei auch der Name Lisera vorkommt. Der heutige Name ''Lieser'' ist erstmals in einer Urkunde aus dem Jahr 1357 beleg (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Lisera
| ''Lieser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 74
| [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Iesne]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iesne&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeetzel#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird um das Jahr 1014 als Jesne erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Jeetzel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 73
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Treya]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| 
| ''Treene''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 73
| [[Egdor]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Egdor&quot;/&gt;
| [[Egdor]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Egdor&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Mogus rufus|Mogus Rufus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| 
| ''Roter Main''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 72
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Soeste]]
| 
| ''Soeste''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 72
| [[Jümme (flumen)|Jümme]]
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Wachna]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| Waharna&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| ''Werre''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 72
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Abia (Danubius)|Abia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Abens''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 71
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Böhme (flumen)|Böhme]]
|
| ''Böhme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 71
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Vesa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Vesa&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=ELmR13uk8BwC&amp;pg=PA1792&amp;lpg=PA1792&amp;dq=Vesdre+%22Vesa%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=dWgI2GF9n1&amp;sig=ACfU3U3Fu4SstiopCZsYdLFXxKIkWlO_Qg&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiUvcSP-rWHAxX3RPEDHdwiBGY4ChDoAXoECB0QAw#v=onepage&amp;q=Vesdre%20%22Vesa%22&amp;f=false ''Dictionnaire Géographique Et Statistique Sur Un Plan Entièrement Nouveau, Volume 2''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''VESDRE''', lat. ''Vesa'', riv. d'Europe affl. dr. de l'Ourte à Chênée (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Weser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 71
| [[Urta]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Agger (flumen)|Agger]]
|
| ''Agger''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 70
| [[Sega]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sura (Rhenus)|Sura Rheni]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Sauer''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 70
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Arguna Inferior]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ArgInf&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen Latino e nomine fluminis Argunae (Theodisce ''Argen'') et versione adiectivi ''Untere'', &quot;inferior-ius&quot;. &lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Untere Argen''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 69
| [[Arguna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Arguna&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hase_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...)Der Fluss wird 839 erstmals als ''ad Argunam'' schriftlich erwähnt. Er bedeutete ursprünglich 'hell, glänzend, (blitz)schnell' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Haidenaab]]
|
| ''Haidenaab''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 69
| [[Naba]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|  [[Nidder]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nidder&quot;&gt;Vide [https://geschichtsvereinhoechst.de/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Hoechster-Geschichtsverein-Geschichtshefte-1978-heft-30-31-kurmainische-schloss-zu-hoechst-am-main.pdf ''Das kurmainzische Schloß zu Höchst am Main''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Moenus fluvius, Nidder fluvius (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Nidder''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 69
| [[Nida (Moenus)|Nida Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nida&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sinna (flumen)|Sinna Salae Moeni]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Sinn''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 69
| [[Sala (Moeni)|Sala Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sala in pago&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Weteraha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Weteraha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hase_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde 772 als „Wetteraha“ erstmals schriftlich erwähnt.[5] Weitere Namensformen sind „Weteraha“, „Wettera“, „Wetera“ und „Weter“ (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Wettera&lt;ref name=&quot;Weteraha&quot;/&gt; seu Wetera&lt;ref name=&quot;Weteraha&quot;/&gt; seu Weter&lt;ref name=&quot;Weteraha&quot;/&gt;
| ''Wetter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 69
| [[Nida (Moenus)|Nida Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nida&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Tollense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Tollense&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=THpYAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PA1&amp;lpg=PA1&amp;dq=%22flumen+Tollense%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=CdYxZN4qYZ&amp;sig=ACfU3U3_0MiH2yDFIhsR5LpriED48tJvfw&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjsgNbVl7aHAxXJYPEDHUnIA9cQ6AF6BAgOEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%22flumen%20Tollense%22&amp;f=false ''Georgii Tertii ... Regis Magnae Britanniae, Franciae, Hiberniae defensoris''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) quorum illos LAacus et flumen Tollense Stargardiae et Pomeraniae exteriori vindicant (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Tollense''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 68
| [[Penus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Penus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Flöha]]
|
| ''Flöha''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 67
| [[Schapa (flumen)|Schapa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schapa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Huna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Huna&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_naa002197301_01/_naa002197301_01_0003.php ''Naamkunde. Jaargang 5''] ubi dicitur &quot;(...) De '''Haune''', rechterbijrivier van de Fulda te Bad Hersfeld (Land Hessen, Reg.-Bez. Kassel, Landkr. en AG Hersfeld): 747 (onecht stuk, waarschijnlijk van 822-24; hs. kort na het midden der XIIe e.) ''in australem Hûnam ... in Hunam'', 789 (k. kort na het midden der XIIe e. van k. 828) ''fluvii, quae vocatur Huna''(40); ...; 980 (or.) ''in fluvium Huna vocatum ... in Hunaha, de Hunaha''(41). (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Hunaha
| ''Haune''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 67
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Labere]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Labere&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hase_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Erstmals schriftlich erwähnt wurde der Fluss etwa um 1150 als Labere (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Schwarze Laber'' seu ''Schwarze Laaber''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 67
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Schwarzer Schöps]]
|
| ''Schwarzer Schöps''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 67
| [[Spreha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Werse]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Werse&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werse#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der älteste urkundliche Beleg des Namens der Werse stammt aus dem Jahr 1189 als ''Werse'', und aus dem Jahr 1279 stammt die Form ''de Wersa''. Für das Jahr 1316 erscheint in Lateinisch der Eintrag ''molendino dicto Wersa'', also ein Mühlort, beziehungsweise eine Wassermühle die (an der) Werse genannt wird (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Wersa&lt;ref name=&quot;Werse&quot;/&gt;
| ''Werse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 67
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Löcknitz]]
|
| ''Löcknitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 66
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Bilena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Billena&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Bille''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 65
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Bunaha (flumen)|Bunaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bunaha&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex [[Baunach|oppido homonymo]]. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide [https://www.yumpu.com/de/document/read/5481494/sankt-oswald-baunach-pfarrei-st-oswald-baunach ''Sankt Oswald Baunach''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ad Bunaha ubi ecclesia edificata erat (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Baunach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 65
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ilissus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Ilsus&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Iltsa&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Iltza&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Ilz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 65
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Lapara parva|Lapara Parva]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lapara&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Kleine Laber'' seu ''Kleine Laaber''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 65
| [[Lapara magna|Lapara Magna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lapara&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Nuthe|Nuthe Habalae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nuthe&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=Y-VGAQAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA497&amp;lpg=PA497&amp;dq=%22fluvius+nuthe%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=ew4OufOUqY&amp;sig=ACfU3U1NZgQzw_R5Ctg_Z4y-xjPnhODopA&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwje1uS7p7aHAxWFQvEDHTzqD6sQ6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%22fluvius%20nuthe%22&amp;f=false ''Cornelii Taciti opera quae supersunt''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Nuithones, populus Germaniae in comitatu Marchiae Mediae, ubi fluvius ''Nuthe'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Nuthe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 65
| [[Habala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Möhne]]
|
| ''Möhne''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 65
| [[Rura]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Nister (flumen)|Nister]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nister&quot;&gt;Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/cellarius1/cellariushistoria.html CHRISTOPHORI CELLARII HISTORIA UNIVERSALIS BREVITER AC PERSPICVE EXPOSITA IN ANTIQUAM, ET MEDII AEV AC NOVAM DIVISA, CUM NOTIS PERPETVIS EDITIO XI. AD NOSTRA USQUE TEMPORA CONTINVATA ET SUMMARIIS AUCTA], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''Cochin vocatur castellum ad fluvium Nister, quod pacificatione post hanc victoriam Walachorum principi a Polonis restitutum fuit'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Nister'' 
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 64
| [[Sega]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rezat]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=bqhMAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PP12&amp;lpg=PP12&amp;dq=amnis+,+Rezat+feu+Redniz+,+olim+Radiantia+dictus&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=CXb6OXVZC-&amp;sig=ACfU3U0rrGccL2eu9TSN4x0nIlOWdLfgUA&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiPxaDRwraHAxVdVPEDHcn8C2wQ6AF6BAgOEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=amnis%20%2C%20Rezat%20feu%20Redniz%20%2C%20olim%20Radiantia%20dictus&amp;f=false ''Natalem vicesimum septimum serenissimae principis ac dominae''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Rezat seu Redniz, olim Radiantia dictus (...)&quot;. Quamquam, secundum hunc librum, nomina &quot;Radiantia&quot; et &quot;Rezat&quot; et &quot;Redniz&quot; synonyma olim erant, eligitur &quot;Rezat&quot; flumini hodie Theodisce ''Fränkische Rezat'' nuncupato; nomen &quot;Radiantia&quot; flumini hodie Theodisce ''Regnitz'' nuncupato; nomen &quot;Redniz&quot; flumini hodie Theodisce ''Rednitz'' nuncupato. Flumini hodie Theodisce ''Schwäbische Rezat'' nuncupato, eligitur nomen &quot;Radentia&quot;, secundum articulum de hoc flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam, ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Im Jahr 793 wurde der Fluss erstmals als „Radentia“ erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Fränkische Rezat''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 64
| [[Redniz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Salica (flumen)|Salica]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Selke''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 64
| [[Boda]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Wenkbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Wenkbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 64
| [[Par-Allna]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Alzus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alzus&quot;&gt;Vide [http://www.lateinlexikon.com/lexicon_latinum_hodiernum_parsgeographica.pdf ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum Lucusaltianum''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''Alz,''' f ''Alzus, i, m'' [ORB p.63]; ''Alezussa, ae, f'' [ORB p.59]; ''Alzissa, ae, f'' [ORB p.63]; ''Alszista, ae, f'' [ORB p.63]; ''Alasa, ae, f'' [ORB p.57]; ''Alaza, ae, f'' [ORB p.57]; ''Alsa, ae,'' f [ORB p.61]; ''Alza, ae, f'' [ORB p.63]; ''Acha, ae, f'' [ORB p.53]; ''Achsa, ae,'' f [ORB p.53]; ''Achza, ae, f'' [ORB p.53] {flumen Germanicum, quod in Aeno influit} (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Alezussa,&lt;ref name=&quot;Alzus&quot;/&gt; Alzissa,&lt;ref name=&quot;Alzus&quot;/&gt; Alszista,&lt;ref name=&quot;Alzus&quot;/&gt; Alasa,&lt;ref name=&quot;Alzus&quot;/&gt; Alaza,&lt;ref name=&quot;Alzus&quot;/&gt; Alsa,&lt;ref name=&quot;Alzus&quot;/&gt; Alza,&lt;ref name=&quot;Alzus&quot;/&gt; Acha,&lt;ref name=&quot;Alzus&quot;/&gt; Achsa,&lt;ref name=&quot;Alzus&quot;/&gt; Achza&lt;ref name=&quot;Alzus&quot;/&gt;
| ''Alz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 63
| [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Saletio (flumen)|Saletio]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| Salia&lt;ref name=&quot;Chytraeus 1599&quot;&gt;Chytraeus, D. (1599). ''Saxonia, ab anno Christi 1500 usque ad MDXCIX recognita, et ad hoc usque praesentem annum MDC continuata''. [[Lipsia]]e: Impensis Henningi Grosii.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Selz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 63
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Salmona]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| Salma&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| ''Salm''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 63
| [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Vilisa (Nicer)|Vilisa Niceri]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Fils''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 63
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Werma]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Werma&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wern#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Den Namen schrieb man im 8. Jahrhundert ''Werma'' und um das Jahr 1015 ''Werina'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Wern''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 63
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Emmera]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| Ambra&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| ''Emmer''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 62
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Escheda]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| Esta&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| ''Este''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 62
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Milnitz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Milnitz&quot;&gt;Vide [https://mvdok.lbmv.de/mjbrenderer?id=mvdok_document_00002847 ''Die slavischen Ortsnamen in Meklenburg''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Mildenitz, Nebenfluß der Warnow, 1237 die bach Milnitz, 1256 usque Milnitz fluuium, 1272 aqua Mildenizce (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Mildenizce
| ''Mildenitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 62
| [[Warnou]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Warnou&quot;/&gt;
| [[Warnou]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Warnou&quot;/&gt;
|- 
| [[Ursena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Ursene&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Örtze''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 62
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Scuzina]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Schussen''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 62
| [[Lacus Bodamicus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Zwentine]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Zwentine&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=JusDAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA690&amp;lpg=PA690&amp;dq=%22Zwentina%22+Schwentine&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=NShweEDAaE&amp;sig=ACfU3U1QJPxuSMkZU_e946z20Z2AyCu0Cg&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwieo7P51LaHAxXW1QIHHRflAKkQ6AF6BAgcEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Zwentine%22%20&amp;f=false ''Urkundensammlung der Schledswig-holstein-lauenburgischen ..., Volume 1''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Cujus termini sunt in aquilonari parte a Zwentine usque ad Lapides (...) situm in Zwentina fluvio prope clautrum (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Zwentina&lt;ref name=&quot;Zwentine&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Zwentina&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwentine#Historisches hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Auch Namensformen wie Zwentina, Zuentina, Suentana sind historisch belegt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Zuentina&lt;ref name=&quot;Zwentina&quot;/&gt; seu Suentana&lt;ref name=&quot;Zwentina&quot;/&gt;
| ''Schwentine''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 62
| [[Lacus Parvus Ploenensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;LPP&quot;&gt;Fingitur huius lacūs nomen (Theodisce ''Kleiner Plöner See'') adiacenti ex urbe [[Ploena|Ploenā]]. Latino de huius urbis nomine, vide {{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Zwentine]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Zwentine&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Nemesa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nemesa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nims#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Nims wird bereits in römischer Zeit vom Dichter Decim(i)us Magnus Ausonius in seinem Werk &quot;Mosella&quot; als ''Nemesa'' erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Nims''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 61
| [[Prumia (flumen)|Prumia]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Plana (Habala)|Plana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Plana&quot;&gt;Riedel, A. F., auctore (1849). ''Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis''. Praecipua pars 1, Volumen 8. Berolini: F.H. Morin.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Plane''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 61
| [[Habala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Amana (flumen)|Amana]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| 
| ''Ohm''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 60
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;&gt;{{Murray}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ardaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| Arda&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| ''Aar''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 60
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;&gt;{{Murray}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Kraichbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Kraichbach'' seu ''Kraich''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 60
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Locha (flumen Germanicum)|Locha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Locha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauchert#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) In den ersten schriftlichen Nennungen des 13. Jh. heißt der Fluss ''Locha'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Locha2&quot;&gt;Vide [https://archive.org/stream/wirtembergische02staagoog/wirtembergische02staagoog_djvu.txt ''Wirtembergisches urkundenbuch; herausgegeben von dem Königlichen staatsarchiv in Stuttgart''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) qui  ex  arce  nostra  Altenburg  ad  flumen,  quod  Locha  dicitur (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Lauchert''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 60
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Nebula (flumen Germanicum)|Nebula]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nebula&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebel_(Fluss)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Nebel ist 1189 als ''Nebula'' ersturkundlich genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Nebel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 60
| [[Warnou]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Warnou&quot;/&gt;
| [[Warnou]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Warnou&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Phunzin]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Phunzin&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=Z2oAAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PA69&amp;lpg=PA69&amp;dq=%22Pfinz%22+fluvius&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=ivgR20gcuE&amp;sig=ACfU3U0GvdH1J3wBfLY8Wl4IQyDP8hsMsA&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjn4OGb7LaHAxWlR_EDHQmmDRAQ6AF6BAgaEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Pfinz%22%20fluvius&amp;f=false ''Geographia pagorum vetustae Germaniae cisrhenanorum''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) PHUNZIN fl. (h. ''Pfin'') a quo pagellus nomen traxit, oritur non longe a Portâ Hercininiae (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Pfinz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 60
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Pulsnicia (fluvius)|Pulsnicia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Müller 1715&quot;&gt;Müller, C. (1715). ''Saxoniae Electoralis Descriptio Historico-Geographica''. Lipsiae: Officina Gleditschiana.&lt;/ref&gt; 
| Polsniza&lt;ref name=&quot;Posse 1883&quot;&gt;Posse, O. (Ed.) (1883). ''Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae: Haupttheil I, Band 3. Urkunden der Markgrafen von Meißen y Landgrafen von Thüringen (1196–1234)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Polsnicz&lt;ref name=&quot;&quot;&gt;Gersdorf, E. G. (Ed.) (1864). ''Urkundenbuch del Hochstifts Meißen (Band 1)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Pulsnitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 60
| [[Elstra nigra|Elstra Nigra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elstra Nigra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Spira (Rhenus)|Spira Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Spira&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=FwLmPwST_TIC&amp;pg=PA36&amp;lpg=PA36&amp;dq=%22Speyerbach%22+flumen&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=MMu5IpjCnq&amp;sig=ACfU3U1UUwmNCx1XsPxoC3xBNCcwKc0JDA&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwigoozG6LaHAxUpR_EDHZYBDiUQ6AF6BAgYEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Speyerbach%22%20flumen&amp;f=false ''Der Kaiser-Dom zu Speyer: eine topographisch-historische Monographie, Volume 1''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) inde autem ad flumen Spira (Speyerbach) dictum (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Speyerbach'' seu ''Speyer'' seu ''Speierbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 60
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|}

===Flumina inter 59 et 50 chiliometra longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 59 et 50 chiliometra aut amplius longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Alisontia (Mosella)|Alisontia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| 
| ''Elzbach'' seu ''Elz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 59
| [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Almana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Aliso&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Alme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 59
| [[Lupia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Fona]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Fuhne''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 59
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Nitasa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Nette''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 59
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Radiantia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| Rekinzi&lt;ref name=&quot;Rekinzi&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnitz#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Es ist erstmals in einer lateinischen Urkunde von 1160 als „Rekinzi“ erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Regnitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 59
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wiscoz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiscoz&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weschnitz#Flussname hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Auf die Weschnitz wird mit Wiscoz, Wisgots[4] oder ähnlichen Schreibweisen in zahlreichen Urkunden des Lorscher Codex als Referenz für die Lage des Klosters Lorsch Bezug genommen. Auch in anderen lateinischen Publikationen erscheint dieser Name.[5] (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Wisgots
| ''Weschnitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 59
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lubetowe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lubetowe&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.sorabicon.de/kulturlexikon/artikel/prov_urb_tjk_d3b/ ''Gewässernamen''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) danach benannt ist das ''Löbauer Wasser'', das aber 1228/1241 ''Lubotna'' hieß, 1268 ''flumen Lubetowe'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Löbauer Wasser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 58
| [[Spreha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Luya|Luya Ilmenae]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Lia&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Luhe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 58
| [[Ilmena (Albis)|Ilmena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Manachfialta]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Manachfialta&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de/lc-de-en-liste2.html ''Liber...censualium: Digitale Edition - Nachträge und Einbindungen fol. 39 - 43v''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Haienperch totum in circuito inde inter flumina Manachfialta et Slieraha usque ad Hesilintal (...) (...) ''Manachfialta'': TF Mangfall (...) de Hesilintal sursum iuxta Slieraha usque ad Rotenpach inde usque ad cacumen Citolfesecca inde usque ad medietatem Manachvalte. inde iusum iuxta Manachvalta usque ad Hesilental (...) ''Manachvalta'': TF Mangfall (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Manachvalta&lt;ref name=&quot;Manachfialta&quot;/&gt;
| ''Mangfall''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 58
| [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Parda (flumen)|Parda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=224&amp;cq=Novigrad%20%E2%9D%ACIstrien%E2%9D%AD%20=%20Cittanova%20d%27Istria&amp;lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N - Z''].&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Parthe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 58
| [[Alestra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alestra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Schuntra]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Scontra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Scuntra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Schunter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 58
| [[Ovacra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ovacra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Secunda Alestra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Secunda Alestra&quot;&gt;Vide [https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/projekty/ahisto/portal/fulltext.php?docid=635&amp;search=Kleine+Elster Monumenta Egrana I], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) die secunda Alestra sicher gleich mit der Elstra minor (der kleinen Elster) einer nicht viel späteren Urkunde (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Elstra Minor&lt;ref name=&quot;Secunda Alestra&quot;/&gt;
| ''Kleine Elster''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 59
| [[Elstra nigra|Elstra Nigra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elstra Nigra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Stibarna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Stibarna&quot;&gt;Vide [https://archive.org/stream/grndungsgeschic00tibugoog/grndungsgeschic00tibugoog_djvu.txt ''Gründungsgeschichte der stifter, pfarrkirchen, klöster und kapellen im bereiche des alten bisthums Münster, mit ausschluss des ehemaligen friesischen theils''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Sülfen Tiegt naͤmlich unweit des Steverfluffes (Stibarna, Stivarna, Stiburna) (...) h „iuxta Stibarna“ bezeichnet wird (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Stivarna&lt;ref name=&quot;Stibarna&quot;/&gt; seu Stiburna&lt;ref name=&quot;Stibarna&quot;/&gt;
| ''Stever''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 58
| [[Lupia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Tannbacum (Sala)|Tannbacum Salae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Tannbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 58
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Wundreb (flumen)|Wundreb]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wundreb&quot;&gt;Fingitur huius fluminis nomen e Latino homonymi oppiduli nomine, secundum [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_8rY-AAAAYAAJ/bub_gb_8rY-AAAAYAAJ_djvu.txt ''Regesta sive rerum boicarum autographa ad annum usque MCCC''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Ulricua judex de Wundreb (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Wondreb''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 58
| [[Agara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Darmbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Darmbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 57
| [[Rivulus Niger Ginsheimensis Rhenanus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivulus Niger&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lein (Cochera)|Lein]]
| Leyn&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Lein''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 57
| [[Cochera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cochera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Owe Burgdorfiense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Burgd.&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot; et adiectivo &quot;Burgdorfiense&quot;. De hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot; vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)&quot;. De adiectivo &quot;Burgdorfiensis-e&quot;, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Audan Burgdorfiense&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Burgd.&quot;/&gt;
| ''Burgdorfer Aue''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 57
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Reineche]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Reineche&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rench#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Rench wurde 1291 erwähnt als ''rivus Reineche'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Rench''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 57
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Simmerbach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Simmerbach&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=wBQ-AAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PA22&amp;lpg=PA22&amp;dq=%22rivus+Simmerbach%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=cYl1hMp3vI&amp;sig=ACfU3U1uPmMXEYefVbUd15wXK5KAd9wPJg&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjmufD1vbmHAxWlBNsEHc5MBDEQ6AF6BAgNEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%22rivus%20Simmerbach%22&amp;f=false ''De Tauni montis parte Transrhenana''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) propagatum rivus Simmerbach transit (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Simmerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 57
| [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius II 1898&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ulster (flumen)|Ulster]]
|
| ''Ulster''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 57
| [[Weraha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Vurmicus|Vurmicus Rurae]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Vurmnis&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Wurm''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 57
| [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wyda (flumen)|Wyda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wyda&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex [[Wyda|oppido homonymo]]. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Weida&lt;ref name=&quot;Wyda&quot;/&gt; seu Weitaha&lt;ref name=&quot;Wyda&quot;/&gt; seu Wida&lt;ref name=&quot;Wyda&quot;/&gt; seu Weyda&lt;ref name=&quot;Wyda&quot;/&gt;
| ''Weida''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 57
| [[Alestra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alestra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Alpha (Isala Vetus)|Alpha Isalae Veteris]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Bocholter Aa''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 56
| [[Isala Rhenaniae Septentrionalis-Vestfaliae|Isala Vetus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Isala]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Isala&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Alstria]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| Alstra&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; seu Halstera&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; seu Affalstria&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| ''Alster''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 56
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Ebera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ebera&quot;&gt;Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231091120/http://ebersberger-historie.de/assets/jb_2_web.pdf Weitere Eber-Namen in Deutschland], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Reiche Ebrach (l. zur Regnitz, 1069 Ebera) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Reiche Ebrach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 56
| [[Radiantia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hursilla]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hursilla&quot;&gt;Vide [https://collections.thulb.uni-jena.de/receive/HisBest_cbu_00084275 ''Collections@Urmel''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 979 in fluvio quodam Hursilla vocat qui fluit in Lupinzgovve (...) 1014 de capella ad Hûrselen (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Hurselen
| ''Hörsel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 56
| [[Weraha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Odera (Ruma)|Odera Rumae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Oder''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 56
| [[Ruma (flumen)|Ruma]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Schuttera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Schutter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 56
| [[Chinzechun]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Swareza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| Swartza&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt; seu Swarza&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| ''Schwarzach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 56
| [[Redniz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Dillena]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Dill''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 55
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;&gt;{{Murray}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Guntia (flumen)|Guntia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| Gontia&lt;ref name=&quot;Gontia&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCnz#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name wird in der Antike schon im 2./3. Jahrhundert inschriftlich erwähnt (Gontiae sacr(um)).  (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Günz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 55
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Horone]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Horone&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn_(Schwarzbach)#Hydronymie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Francicam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Ancienne mention : ''Hornsbach&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;'' (1150). D'après l'aha, « ''zuo deru hoawinum bacha'' ». Une deuxième Horn, appelée maintenant Breidenbach, a formé les localités d'Althorn et Neuhorn qui s'écrivent en 783 « ''in marca Horone''&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; ».  (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Hornsbach&lt;ref name=&quot;Horone&quot;/&gt;
| ''Horn'' seu ''Hornsbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 55
| [[Burchalben]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Burchalben&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Schlinge (flumen)|Schlinge]]
|
| ''Schlinge''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 55
| [[Bielheimerbeek]]
| [[Isala]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Isala&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wiese (flumen)|Wiese]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiese&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.e-periodica.ch/cntmng?pid=bhl-001%3A1913%3A22%3A%3A276 ''Über das Vorkommen von Teesdalia und Subularia in der Schweiz''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ad flumen Wiese (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Wiese''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 55
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wisinta]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wisinta&quot;&gt;Vide [https://archive.org/details/thringischeges10vereuoft/page/172/mode/2up?view=theater&amp;q=wisinta https://archive.org/details/thringischeges10vereuof]&lt;/ref&gt;
| Wisenta&lt;ref name=&quot;Wisenta&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.bergfex.de/sommer/thueringen/touren/wanderung/1008459,wandern-um-die-talsperre-loessau/ ''Wandern um die Talsperre Lössau''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Im Jahr 1071 wird das Flüsschen erstmals erwähnt, das Gebiet, das sie durchfließt wird als „terra Wisenta“ = Wisentaland bezeichnet (...).&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Wisenta''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 55
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Woblitz]]
|
| ''Woblitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 55
| [[Habala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Acher]]
|
| ''Acher''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 54
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Inda (flumen)|Inda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Inda&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inde_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Der Name der Inde ist als ''Inda'' zuerst belegt für die Zeit der Jahre 496 bis 506 n. Chr. in einer Handschrift des 13./14. Jahrhunderts, welche ihrerseits eine aus dem 7./8. Jahrhundert stammende Kopie der ''Cosmographia'' (4, 24) des Geographen von Ravenna kopiert. Der Ortsname der Klostergründung der Reichsabtei Kornelimünster im frühen 9. Jahrhundert, der zuerst ebenfalls kurz ''Inda'' lautete, erscheint bis 855 als ''Sancti Corneli ad Indam'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Inde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 54
| [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Köhntop]]
|
| ''Köhntop''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 54
| [[Ukera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ukera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Ukera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ukera&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rota (Danubius)|Rota Danubii]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Rot&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Rott&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Rote&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Rot''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 54
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Truna (Alzus|Truna Alzensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Traun''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 54
| [[Alzus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alzus&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Vurmicus (Nagalda)|Vurmicus Nagaldae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Vurmicus Nagalda&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Würm''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 54
| [[Nagalda (flumen)|Nagalda]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Elisinza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elisinza&quot;&gt;Vide [http://www.arbre-celtique.com/encyclopedie/alisantia-alisontia-elsenz-16628.htm Encyclopédie de l'Arbre Celtique], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Nom antique de l'Elsenz, rivière affluente du Neckar (...). Cet hydronyme apparaît ensuite sous les formes ''Elisinza fluvius, sursum Elizinza'' et ''Elisenza'' dans un Acte du roi Otton III, daté du 1&lt;sup&gt;er&lt;/sup&gt; janvier 988 (...).&lt;/ref&gt;
| Elizinza&lt;ref name=&quot;Elisinza&quot;/&gt; seu Elisenza&lt;ref name=&quot;Elisinza&quot;/&gt;
| ''Elsenz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 53
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ferum Bistrice]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ferum Bistrice&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum ex adiectivo &quot;ferum&quot; (Theodisce ''Wilde'') et nomine Latino &quot;Bistrice&quot;. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Zur_Geschichte_der_Besiedelung_der_Dresdner_Gegend Zur Geschichte der Besiedelung der Dresdner Gegend], ubi dicitur &quot;Buistrizi ist der urkundliche, mit dem Flußnamen der Weißeritz (Wisteritz, 1206 flumen Bistrice, 1366 Wistricz) zusammenhängende Name des Burgwards (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Ferum Buistrizi&lt;ref name=&quot;Ferum Bistrice&quot;/&gt; seu Februm Wisteritz&lt;ref name=&quot;Ferum Bistrice&quot;/&gt; seu Ferum Wistricz&lt;ref name=&quot;Ferum Bistrice&quot;/&gt;
| ''Wilde Weißeritz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 53
| [[Bistrice]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bistrice&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Radaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Rodach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 53
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Schwarza (Sala)|Schwarza Salae]]
|
| ''Schwarza''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 53
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Schwarzach (Alcmana)|Schwarzach Alcmanae]]
|
| ''Schwarzach'' seu ''Schwarza''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 53
| [[Alcmana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Steinbacum (Herbipolis)|Steinbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Steinbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 53
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Aach Linzgauviense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lizgauviense&quot;&gt;Gentilicium &quot;Linzgauviense&quot; ad Linzgauvia refertur. Hoc de toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linzgau#Mittelalter eius articulum apud Vicipaaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''in pago Linzgauvia'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Linzer Aach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 52
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Alf (flumen)|Alf]]
|
| ''Alf''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 52
| [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Brancia (flumen)|Brancia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Brancia&quot;&gt;Vide [https://epub.uni-regensburg.de/31392/1/Katalog%20der%20romanischen%20Ortsnamen%20in%20Bayern.pdf ''Die romanischen Ortsnamen in Bayern''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''Brenz''', Fluss links zur Donau, mündet zwischen Faimingen und Lauingen (Lkr. Dillingen an der Donau), um 774 ''fluvium Brancia'', &lt; (kelt.) *''Brandisa'' (...).&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Brenz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 52
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Murrensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murrensis&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murr_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Er ist bereits in der Bezeichnung der römerzeitlichen Ansiedlung vicus murrensis belegt, die ein bei Benningen oder bei Murrhardt gelegenes Lagerdorf war (...)&quot;. Quo ex vico, fingitur Latinum huius fluminis nomen.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Murr''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 52
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Nesse (Hursilla)|Nesse Hursillae]]
|
| ''Nesse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 52
| [[Hursilla]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hursilla&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Queicha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Remling 1852&quot;&gt;Remling, F. X. (1852). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Bischöfe von Speyer: Vol. I. Aetates antiquiores et medii aevi''. Kirchheim &amp; Schott.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Queich&lt;ref name=&quot;Queich&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=1ikVoFz9F-MC&amp;pg=PA70&amp;lpg=PA70&amp;dq=%22Queich%22+flumen&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=dVXN9_IKSb&amp;sig=ACfU3U3lXPV-apGeopoOVaDcEsxRaPxROw&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjz9LzMuruHAxWXcaQEHbD9DMoQ6AF6BAgqEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Queich%22%20flumen&amp;f=false ''Atlas novus exhibens orbem terraqueum per naturae (...)''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) LANDAW ''Landavia'' V. satis ampla &amp; nunc egregiè ''munita'' olim ''Imperialis,'' ad Flumen ''Queich'' (...).&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Queich''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 52
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rognitzium (flumen)|Rognitzium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chytraeus 1593&quot;&gt;Chytraeus, D. (1593). ''Chronicon Saxoniae et vicinarum aliquot gentium: ab anno Christi 1500 usque ad 1593''. Impensis haeredum Iacobi Lucii.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Rögnitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 52
| [[Zuda (flumen)|Zuda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Rota (Danubius)|Rota Danubii]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rota Danubii&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymis oppidis Theodisce ''Roth''. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Roth'' seu ''Roth am Sand'' seu ''Roth bei Nürnberg''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 52
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Snudra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Snudra&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.philol.uni-leipzig.de/fileadmin/Fakult%C3%A4t_Philo/Namenberatungsstelle/NBS_Webseite/Onomastica_Lipsiensia_Band07_Alt-Leipzig_und_das_Leipziger_Land_2010.pdf ''Alt-Leipzig und das Leipziger Land''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''Schnauder''', die, r → Weißen Elster sö. Groitzsch. 1104 ''infra Wiram et Snudram'', (...).&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Schnauder''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 52
| [[Alestra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alestra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Stepenitz (Trabena)|Stepenitz Trabenae]]
|
| ''Stepenitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 52
| [[Trabena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Trabena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Welse (Viadrus)|Welse Viadri]]  
|
| ''Welse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 52
| [[Viadrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Viadrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Alba (Rhenus superior)|Alba Rheni Superioris]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alba&quot;&gt;Vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''Alb, die''' – 1Alb, Obere~, r.z. Rhein (...) 983 ''ortus Albae,'' 1018 ''Alba'', 1065 ''influit Albam, ad ortum Albae, Alba'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Alb''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 51
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Chambe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chambe&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.ffw-hof.de/chronik/entstehung-der-ortschaft-hof.html ''Entstehung der Ortschaft Hof''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) “Cella ad Chambe super regnum flumen“ (Klösterlein bei Chamb am Regenfluss) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Chamb''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 51
| [[Regana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Regana&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Eltingmuhlebacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Eltingmühlenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 51
| [[Glane (Amisia)|Glane]]
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Gaspentia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Gaspenza&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Gersprenz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 51
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sinckalta]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sinckalta&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.es/books?id=8d5lAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PA77&amp;lpg=PA77&amp;dq=flumen+%22Singold%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=qEiD_QX4Mw&amp;sig=ACfU3U1wTsemX_SdGib3RWUmMUyhhHHpqQ&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiS3-qvnb6HAxXkVfEDHXWxB40Q6AF6BAgqEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=flumen%20%22Singold%22&amp;f=false ''Jahrs-Bericht des historischen Vereins im Oberdonau-Kreise''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Inde ad flumen ''Sinckalta'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Singold''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 51
| [[Wertaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Alasenza (flumen)|Alasenza]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| Alisinza&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| ''Alsenz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius II 1898&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Arguna Superior]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ArgSup&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen Latino e nomine fluminis Argunae (Theodisce ''Argen'') et versione adiectivi ''Untere'', &quot;superior-ius&quot;. &lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Obere Argen''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Arguna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Arguna&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Burchalben]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Burchalben&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html ''Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch: ''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Schwarzbachs, l.z. Blies (z. Saar z. Mosel z. Rhein). – 1180 Burchalben, (...)&quot; et [https://books.google.es/books?id=I-9aAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PA351&amp;lpg=PA351&amp;dq=Burchalben&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=vXYbdT7nPZ&amp;sig=ACfU3U2vjL9nMi7VLCnfIdvQe0tDfpo3tw&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiPv6n0x76HAxUMVKQEHVe7F04Q6AF6BAgfEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=Burchalben&amp;f=false ''Subsidia diplomatica ad selecta juris ecclesiastici Germaniae et...''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) in confinio ''Vosagi'' situm, rivulis scilicet: ''Hermanesbach, Mosalben, &amp; Burchalben'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Schwarzbach'' seu ''Burgalb''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
|  [[Blesa (tributarius Saravi)|Blesa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Blesa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Clana (Ambra)|Clana Ambrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Clana Ambrae&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glonn_(Amper)#Namensherkunft hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Ihren Namen hat der Fluss aus dem keltischen: „Glanos“, das heißt rein und glänzend, oder „glana“, was so viel wie die „Reine, Heilige“ bedeutet. Die Römer haben diesen Namen übernommen. In Urkunden um das Jahr 770 wurde der Fluss mit „Clana“ bezeichnet (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Glonn''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Delvunda]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|
| ''Delvenau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Deya]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deya&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyach_(Neckar)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Auch in älteren Berichten findet sich die Bezeichnung „Deya“, so in der Topographia Sueviae von Matthäus Merian von 1643/1656 (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Eyach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hisne]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hisne&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ise_(Aller)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Erstmals wird die Ise im Jahr 786 (''in ortum Hisne'') urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Ise''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Hollerbacum (Morre)|Hollerbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Hollerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Morre (Billbach)|Morre]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Mosacus (Isara)|Mosacus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Mosa&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Moosach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Isara (Bavaricus)|Isara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Nemaninga]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mümling&quot;/&gt;
| Mimilingum&lt;ref name=&quot;Mümling&quot;/&gt; seu Mimelinga&lt;ref name=&quot;Mümling&quot;/&gt; seu Mimininga&lt;ref name=&quot;Mümling&quot;/&gt; seu Mimelingen&lt;ref name=&quot;Mümling&quot;/&gt; seu Minimingaha&lt;ref name=&quot;Mümling&quot;/&gt;
| ''Mümling'' seu ''Mömling''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Nethe (Visurgis)|Nethe]]
|
| ''Nethe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Nieplitz]]
|
| ''Nieplitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Nuthe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nuthe&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Riussaia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Riussaia&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riousiaoua#Etymologisches &quot;Riousiaoua&quot;] apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam, ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Albrecht Greule setzt den Namen mit dem Flussnamen Riß gleich, der in den ältesten Erwähnungen als ''Riussaiam'' (anno 1293) erscheint. (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Riß''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Salzaha (Rhenus)|Salzaha Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Saalbach Salzaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saalbach_(Rhein)#Namen_und_Definitionen hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Im Lorscher Codex wird das Gewässer 769 ''fluvius Salzaha'' genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Saalbach'' seu ''Salbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Urdefa (flumen)|Urdefa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Urdefa&quot;&gt;Vide [http://www.lateinboard.de/topic,4345,-uebersetzung-von-latein-in-deutsch-einer-schenkungsurkunde-vo.html ''Übersetzung von latein in deutsch einer Schenkungsurkunde vo''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) usque ad locum ubi Urdefa (der Fluss Urft; derVerfasser) cadit (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Urft''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ursna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| Orsna&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Ahse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Lupia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Volme]]
|
| ''Volme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Rura]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Zenna (flumen)|Zenna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Zenna&quot;&gt;Nomen homonymo ex oppidulo apud [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=224&amp;cq=Novigrad%20%E2%9D%ACIstrien%E2%9D%AD%20=%20Cittanova%20d%27Istria&amp;lang=de Bavarikon].&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Zenn''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 50
| [[Radiantia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|}

===Flumina inter 49 et 40 chiliometra longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 49 et 40 chiliometra aut amplius longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Ersene]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ersene&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aue_und_Erse#Geschichte articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Die Erse wird 1335 zum ersten Mal schriftlich genannt (''in fluvio Ersene'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Aue'' seu ''Erse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 49
| [[Fuhse]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Erubris]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Erubris&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruwer articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Die '''Ruwer''' (lat.: ''Erubris, Rubora'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Rubora&lt;ref name=&quot;Erubris&quot;/&gt;
| ''Ruwer''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 49
| [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Gennach (flumen)|Gennach]]
| 
| ''Gennach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 49
| [[Wertaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Hamma (flumen)|Hamma]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hamma&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamme_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird im Jahr 1331 (a flumine Hamma) erstmals urkundlich genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Hamme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 49
| [[Lesmonia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lesum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Mohelnice]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mohelnice&quot;&gt;Vide [https://nlp.fi.muni.cz/projekty/ahisto/portal/book/1244?lpage=84&amp;search=mohelnice Codex diplomaticus et epistolaris Regni Bohemiae], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Fortasse Žadlovice apud Loštice, a Mohelnice (Müglitz) meridiem versus (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Müglitz&lt;ref name=&quot;Mohelnice&quot;/&gt;
| ''Müglitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 49
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Nigra Aqua (Mulda Zviccaviensis)|Nigra Aqua Muldae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nigra Aqua&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo Helvetico. Cui ultimo, vide [https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/000914/2016-09-26/ Neirivue], ubi dicitur &quot;Ehemalige politische Gemeinde FR, Bezirk Greyerz, am linken Saaneufer. 2002 mit Albeuve, Lessoc und Montbovon zur neuen Gemeinde Haut-Intyamon fusioniert. 1277 ''Nigra aqua'', früher dt. ''Schwarzwasser'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Schwarzwasser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 49
| [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Sülz (flumen)|Sülz]]
| 
| ''Sülz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 49
| [[Agger (flumen)|Agger]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Uchte]]
| 
|''Uchte''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 49
| [[Alend]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alend&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Ussbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Üßbach'' seu ''Ueßbach'' seu ''Üssbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 49
| [[Alf (flumen)|Alf]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Bilerna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bühler&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BChler_(Fluss)#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Die Bühler wird 1024 als ''Bilerna'' erstmals urkundlich genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Bühler''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 48
| [[Cochera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cochera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Dreisima]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dreisima&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreisam#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Die ersten urkundlichen Erwähnungen sind von 864 (''Dreisima'') und 1008 (''Treisama'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Treisama&lt;ref name=&quot;Dreisima&quot;/&gt;
|''Dreisam''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 48
| [[Helzaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Helzaha&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Gugelitz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gugelitz&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A4glitz_(Prignitz)#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Der schriftliche Erstbeleg stammt aus dem Jahr 1259 (''aquam … Gugelitz'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Jäglitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 48
| [[Habala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Karthana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Karthana&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karthane#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Erstmals urkundlich erwähnt wird der Fluss im Jahr 1274 (''supra karthanam'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Karthane''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 48
| [[Stepenitz (Albis)|Stepenitz Albis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Stepenitz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Ruma (Layna)|Ruma]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ruma&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.cloeser.org/gewaesser/Gewaesser_Harz_0.8.pdf cloeser.org], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) die Ausgangsform ist aufgrund des erst ab dem 12. Jahrhundert in Form von „Ruma“ urkundlich überlieferten Namens nicht bestimmbar (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Rhume''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 48
| [[Layna]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Stregus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Stregus&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Striegis Victionarium Theodiscum], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Herkunft: (über Stregus, Striguz (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Striguz&lt;ref name=&quot;Stregus&quot;/&gt;
|''Große Striegis'' seu ''Striegis''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 48
| [[Mulda Fribergensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MF&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Eberbach|Eberbach Radiantiae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Eberbach&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Rauhe Ebrach, l.z. Regnitz (z. Main), 1297 gegen die Ebrach; Eberbach (indirekt z. Unteren Murg z. Rhein), 1355 ripa Eberbach (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Rauhe Ebrach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 47
| [[Radiantia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Gliniza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gliniza&quot;&gt;Confer [https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-d&amp;sca_esv=43a98bb4673fd18f&amp;sca_upv=1&amp;sxsrf=ADLYWIIODv_ebdbY2kK1Pfejy7VR1TeitQ:1726352083389&amp;q=%22Glinizam%22+Glems&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwib8b_VusOIAxWBQPEDHRUMCUoQ5t4CegQIGxAB&amp;biw=1280&amp;bih=587&amp;dpr=1.5 hos exitūs] e [[Google|Gugulā]], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) usque in Glinizam locum,. 1172 (Kopie 19. Jh ... Glems, die r.z. Enz (z. Neckar z. Rhein) ... der Glems, GauN. 769 (Kopie 12. Jh.) Glemisgouwe (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Glems''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 47
| [[Enze]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Enze&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Holtemna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Holtemna&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holtemme#Etymologie articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) In den mittelalterlichen Urkunden wurde der Fluss ''Holtemna'' (ca. 1050, 1184), ''Holtempna'' (ca. 1150, 1230, 1241, 1277), ''Holtemne'' (1373, 1378) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Holtempna&lt;ref name=&quot;Holtemna&quot;/&gt; seu Holtemne&lt;ref name=&quot;Holtemna&quot;/&gt;
|''Holtemme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 47
| [[Boda]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Nigra Aqua Hoyerswerdensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nigra Aqua Hoyerswerdendis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo Helvetico. Cui substantivo, vide [https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/000914/2016-09-26/ Neirivue], ubi dicitur &quot;Ehemalige politische Gemeinde FR, Bezirk Greyerz, am linken Saaneufer. 2002 mit Albeuve, Lessoc und Montbovon zur neuen Gemeinde Haut-Intyamon fusioniert. 1277 ''Nigra aqua'', früher dt. ''Schwarzwasser'' (...)&quot;; cui autem adiectivo, confer [https://archive.org/stream/aeltereuniversi00friegoog/aeltereuniversi00friegoog_djvu.txt Aeltere universitäts matrikeln], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Martinas  Sacreiz  Hoyerswerdensis  Lasatas (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Hoyerswerdaer Schwarzwasser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 47
| [[Elstra nigra|Elstra Nigra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elstra Nigra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Villa (flumen)|Villa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Villa&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weil_(Lahn)#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name Weil ist wahrscheinlich vom lateinischen Wort ''villa'' (= Dorf) abgeleite (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Weil''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 47
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;&gt;{{Murray}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Aa Steinfurtensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aa Stein&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex nomine fluminum Westphaliensium &quot;Aa&quot; apud {{Lexicon Universale}} et ex adiectivo derivato a toponymo &quot;Steinfurtum&quot; apud {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Steinfurter Aa''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 46
| [[Vidrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Lacus Yssel]]
|-
| [[Brienna (flumen)|Brienna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Brienna&quot;&gt;Vide [https://epub.uni-regensburg.de/31392/1/Katalog%20der%20romanischen%20Ortsnamen%20in%20Bayern.pdf Katalog der romanischen Ortsnamen in Bayern], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''Prien''' am Chiemsee (Lkr. Rosenheim), Flussname ca.1130-ca.1150 ''iuxta Briennam riuolum'' &lt; kelt. *''Brigesnā'' ‘Bergbach’. (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|''Prien''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 46
| [[Lacus Chiemensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chiemensis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Hassenbeck]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hassenbeck&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glenne#Geschichte_und_Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name „Haustenbach“ findet sich bereits als ''Hassenbeck flu.'' auf einer um 1620 entstandenen Karte des Kartographen Johannes Gigas (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Glenne'' seu ''Haustenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 46
| [[Lupia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Pregin]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Pregin&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breg#Namensherkunft articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Die Breg wurde erstmals 1152/86 in einer lateinischen Quelle (''apud pregin'' „bei der Breg“) erwähnt, 1234 dann als „Brega“ (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Brega&lt;ref name=&quot;Pregin&quot;/&gt;
| ''Breg''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 46
| [[Brichena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Brigach&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brigach#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Der Fluss wird 1084 erstmals urkundlich genannt (''ab fontibus Brichena'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Redniz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| Radantia&lt;ref name=&quot;Radantia&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rednitz#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) In schriftlichen Quellen erschien der Fluss erstmals im 8. Jahrhundert mit der lateinischen Bezeichnung ''Radantia''. Im 11. Jahrhundert wurde der Name des Flusses als ''Ratenza'' bezeichne (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Ratenza&lt;ref name=&quot;Radantia&quot;/&gt;
|''Rednitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 46
| [[Radiantia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sualmus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sualmus&quot;&gt;Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20240406062517/https://s852e6eb4f35541c9.jimcontent.com/ Nederlandse waternamen deel 1], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) De Limburgse ''Zwalm'' is een zijrivier van de Mass, (...) welk dorp reeds in de 12de eeuw vermeld wordt als ''de Sualmo'' (...) a. 1238 als ''Salmen'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Sualmum&lt;ref name=&quot;Sualmus&quot;/&gt; seu Salmen&lt;ref name=&quot;Sualmus&quot;/&gt;
| ''Schwalm''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 46
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Bigge]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bigge&quot;&gt;Vide [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_XpMOAAAAYAAJ_2/bub_gb_XpMOAAAAYAAJ_djvu.txt Quellen der westfälischen geschichte], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Ante portam in ipso flumine Bigge (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Bigge''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 45
| [[Lena (Rura)|Lena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lena&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Bröl]]
| 
| ''Bröl'' seu ''Brölbach'' seu ''Homburgische Bröl''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 45
| [[Sega]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Delme (flumen)|Delme]]
| 
| ''Delme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 45
| [[Othmunda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ochtum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Hurwinaffa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Horloff&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horloff#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name Horloff leitet sich von althd. mit der Bedeutung horawin = sumpfig her. Weitere Namensformen sind „Hurwinaffa“ im 8. Jahrhundert und „Hurlyphe“ (1263).[4] Der Bestandteil -off gehört zur -apa-Namensgruppe. Alternative Etymologien gehen aufgrund der Nennungen wie „Hurnufa“ (951) oder „Hornipha“ (1183) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Hurlyphe,&lt;ref name=&quot;Horloff&quot;/&gt; Hurnufa,&lt;ref name=&quot;Horloff&quot;/&gt; Hornipha&lt;ref name=&quot;Horloff&quot;/&gt;
| ''Horloff''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 45
| [[Nida (Moenus)|Nida Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nida Moeni&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Kirnitzsch]]
| 
| ''Kirnitzsch'' seu ''Kirnischt''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 45
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
|-
| [[Malxe]]
| 
| ''Malxe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 45
| [[Nissa (flumen)|Nissa]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Viadrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
|-
| [[Ach (Ambra)|Ach Ambrae]]
| 
| ''Ach'' seu ''Bärenbach'' seu ''Gitzenbach'' seu ''Glötzenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 44
| [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Alba (Rhenus Altus)|Alba Altorhenana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alba Altorhenana&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e fluvio Albā Rheni Superioris. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''Alb, die''' – 1Alb, Obere~, r.z. Rhein (...) 983 ''ortus Albae,'' 1018 ''Alba'', 1065 ''influit Albam, ad ortum Albae, Alba'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Alb'' seu ''Hauensteiner Alb''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 44
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Bega (Wachna)|Bega]]
| 
| ''Bega''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 44
| [[Wachna]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Fossa Nigra (Albis)|Fossa Nigra Albis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fossa Nigra Albis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Fossa-ae&quot; Theodiscam vocem ''Graben'' et adiectivum Latinum &quot;niger nigra nigrum&quot; Theodiscum ''Schwarzer'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Schwarzer Graben'' seu ''Schwarzer Bach'' seu ''Weinske''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 44
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
|-
| [[Holzbacum (Wida)|Holzbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Holzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 44
| [[Wida (flumen)|Wida Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wida&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lapara alba|Lapara Alba]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lapara&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Weiße Laber''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 44
| [[Alcmana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Laz (flumen)|Laz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Laz&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lossa_(Unstrut)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die ''Lossa'' wird 1140 als ''Laz'' erstmals urkundlich erwähnt. Im Mittelhochdeutschen bedeutet ''laz'' 'lasch, trage'. Der Name ist daher als „das träge Gewässer“ zu deute (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Lazses&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Lazs&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Laze&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Lossa''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 44
| [[Onestrudis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Onestrudis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Mutdaha|Můtdaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mutdaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modau#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Erstmals urkundlich erwähnt wird die Modua 804 („iuxta fluvium Můtdaha“) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Modua&lt;ref name=&quot;Mutdaha&quot;/&gt;
| ''Modau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 44
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rotton]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Rotonus&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Rotonum&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Rotono&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Rothemun&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu
| ''Rottum''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 44
| [[Westernach]]
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Sura (Salzaha)|Sura Salzahae]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| 
| ''Sur''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 44
| [[Salzaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Wiza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiza&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.persee.fr/doc/onoma_0755-7752_2010_num_52_1_1535 Les hydronymes paléoeuropéens et la question de l'origine des Celtes], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''Wiesbach''-&gt; Nahe (XII&lt;sup&gt;e&lt;/sup&gt; siècle ''Wiza'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Wiesbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 44
| [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius II 1898&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Aa (Monasterium)|Aa Monasteriensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Münstersche Aa''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 43
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Ilisina]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilisina&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilse_(Oker)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Erstmals wird der Fluss im Jahr 1108 (Ilisina) urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ilse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 43
| [[Ovacra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ovacra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Lune (Visurgis)|Lune]]
| 
| ''Lune''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 43
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Netha|Netha Indistrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Netha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nette_(Innerste)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 1149 wurde der Fluss als „iuxta Netham“ erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Nette''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 43
| [[Indistra]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Primma]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Primma&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Pfrimm, die l.z. Rhein (...) super fluvium Primma (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Pfrimm''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 43
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivulus Niger Ginsheimensis Rhenanus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivulus Niger&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Schwarzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 43
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Starzel (Nicer)|Starzel Niceri]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Starzel Niceri&quot;&gt;Vide [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_PLE_AAAAYAAJ/bub_gb_PLE_AAAAYAAJ_djvu.txt], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ad sinistram  ripam  Starzel  rivi (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Starzell Niceri&lt;ref name=&quot;Starzel Niceri&quot;/&gt;
| ''Starzel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 43
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Zuist]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Zuist&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Swist Victionarium Theodiscum], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Zuist (Anno 1180), Scuyst (Anno 1223), Zuist (Anno 1283), Zvist (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Scuyst&lt;ref name=&quot;Zuist&quot;/&gt; seu Zvist&lt;ref name=&quot;Zuist&quot;/&gt;
| ''Swist'' seu ''Swistbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 43
| [[Arnefa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Arnefa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Augraben (Tollense)|Augraben Tollensense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Augraben Tollensense&quot;&gt;Vide [https://documente.bcucluj.ro/web/bibdigit/fg/BCUCLUJ_FG_115352_1907_004.pdf Ente Istorice], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) in rivulum, qui dicitur Augraben, et in rivulo (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Augraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 42
| [[Tollense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Tollense&quot;/&gt;
| [[Penus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Breitaha|Breitaha Cocherae]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| 
| ''Brettach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 42
| [[Cochera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cochera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ennepe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ennepe&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.gevelsberg.de/media/custom/3061_1280_1.PDF?1571846512 Gevelsberger Geschichte(n)], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) iuxta flumen
quod Ennepe dicitur (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ennepe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 42
| [[Volme]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Fedarhaun (Alba)|Fedarhaun Albae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Federbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 42
| [[Alba (Rhenus superior)|Alba Rheni Superioris]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alba&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; 
|-
| [[Feldaha (Weraha)|Feldaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Feldaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felda_(Werra)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Im Erstbeleg im Jahr 786 wird der Fluss ''Feldaha'' genanntt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Felda''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 42
| [[Weraha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Geeste (flumen)|Geeste]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Geeste&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ultra flumen Geeste (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Geeste''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 42
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Klosterbacum (Othmunda)|Klosterbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Klosterbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 42
| [[Othmunda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ochtum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Linde (Tollense)|Linde]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Linne&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Linde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 42
| [[Tollense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Tollense&quot;/&gt;
| [[Penus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Lutra (Danubius)|Lutra Danubii]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutra&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Rhenano. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Lauter'' seu ''Große Lauter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 42
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Naba Pinifera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba Pinifera&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen e flumine Nabā (cui vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naab#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Die frühesten Belege sind ''Nabas'' (700), ''Napa'' (885), ''Naba'' (885), ''Nabe'' (1199) und ''Nab'' (1245), (...)&quot;) et versione adiectivo praeposito ''Fichtel-'' -ad [[Montes Piniferi|Montes Piniferos]] (Theodisce ''Fichtelgebirge''), secundum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fichtelnaab#Name articulum hoc de flumini apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], referente-.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Fichtelnaab''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 42
| [[Naba silvatica|Naba Silvatica]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba silvatica&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Piparodi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Piparodi&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibert#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 810 („duo flumina … Piparodi“) erstmals urkundlich erwähnt. Das altbairische ''Pipar-odi'' bedeutet „Einöde, in der sich Biber aufhalten“ (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Bibert''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 42
| [[Redniz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sevina]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sevina&quot;&gt;Vide [https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/36682 FOLIA ONOMASTICA CROATICA 12–13 (2003–2004)], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''Seeve'' bei Hamburg, 1202 ''Sevinam'', 1203 ''vsque Seuinam'', 13. Jh. ''per Sevenam'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Sevena&lt;ref name=&quot;Sevina&quot;/&gt;
|''Seeve''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 42
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Streu (Sala Moeni)|Streu]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Streu&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streu_(Fr%C3%A4nkische_Saale)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name Streu wurde im 8. Jahrhundert „Streuue“ und um das Jahr 1030 „Strouua“ geschrieben (...) Auf einer Landkarte von 1628 trägt der gesamte Flusslauf bis Gemünden den Namen „Straÿ Flu“ (Streu Flumen) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Strewe&lt;ref name=&quot;Streu&quot;/&gt; seu Strowa&lt;ref name=&quot;Streu&quot;/&gt; seu Straÿ&lt;ref name=&quot;Streu&quot;/&gt;
|''Streu''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 42
| [[Sala (Moenus)|Sala in pago Salvense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sala in pago&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Utrana (Michelsbacum)|Utrana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Utrana&quot;&gt;Confer [https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-d&amp;sca_esv=5f79ce677043d4b2&amp;sca_upv=1&amp;sxsrf=ADLYWILyBcSCkYpeCCX-0ZFbac7ATwZ9zQ:1726433592791&amp;q=Otterbach+%22Utrana%22&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjD_Zqo6sWIAxXQ2gIHHXBaCYsQ5t4CegQIFRAB&amp;biw=1280&amp;bih=546&amp;dpr=1.5 hunc exitum] e [[Google|Gugulā]], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Utrana 'Otterbach' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Otterbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 42
| [[Michelsbacum (Rhenus)|Michelsbacum Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Chessel]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Kessel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 41
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Elbbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Elbbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 41
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Fluvius Sanctus (Germania et Cechia)|Fluvius Sanctus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt;
| Zuata&lt;ref name=&quot;Zuata&quot;/&gt; seu Zvatowa&lt;ref name=&quot;Zuata&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwota_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Erstmals wird das Gewässer als ''Zvatowa'' in der Weiheurkunde der Plauener St. Johanniskirche von 1122 erwähnt, darin ist sie Teil der Grenze des zugehörigen Kirchsprengels, des Dobnagaus, und damit gleichzeitig Südgrenze des Bistums Naumburg.[7][8] Ebenso wird die Zwota als ''Zuata'' in den Grenzbeschreibungen des Schönbacher Ländchens von 1181 und 1185 erwähn (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Zwota'' seu ''Zwodau'' seu ''Zwotau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 41
| [[Agara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Mesna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mesna&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mei%C3%9Fe#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Das Hydronym ist in einer lateinischen Urkunde von 1296 als mesnam erstmals verschriftlicht worden (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Meiße''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 41
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Pene (flumen)|Pene]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Ostpeene''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 41
| [[Penus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Penus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Pinnau]]
| 
| ''Pinnau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 41
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
|-
| [[Sulzach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sulzach&quot;&gt;Vide [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_wRssAAAAYAAJ/bub_gb_wRssAAAAYAAJ_djvu.txt Archiv des Historischen Vereins von Unterfranken und Aschaffenburg], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) quidquid ex una parte fluvii Sulzach situm existit de pratis (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Sulzach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 41
| [[Werenza]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Apula (fluvius)|Apula]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Apula&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.gutenberg.org/files/35900/35900-h/35900-h.htm], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''Germany''. Apula, 9th cent. The Appel(bach). (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Appelbach'' seu ''Appel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius II 1898&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Aschaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aschaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascha_(Schwarzach)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Ascha (ursprünglich: Aschaha, dann: Aschach) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Aschach&lt;ref name=&quot;Aschaha&quot;/&gt;
| ''Ascha''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Swarza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Swarza&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Atulla]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Attel&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attel#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Das Dorf Attel wurde bereits 806 als ''Atulla'' urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Attel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Biverna (Amisia)|Biverna Amisiae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Biverna&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Beverna Amisiae&lt;ref name=&quot;Biverna&quot;/&gt;
| ''Bever''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Brichena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Brigach&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Brigach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Dune (Wippera)|Důne]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dune&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dh%C3%BCnn_(Wupper)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name (1295 ''Důne'') leitet sich vom ahd. Wort ''tuni'' für 'Dröhnen, Getöse' ab. Entsprechend war die ursprüngliche Bedeutung 'wo das Wasser tost' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Dhünn''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Wippera]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ehle]]
| 
| ''Ehle''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Eitraha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Eitraha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aitrach_(Iller)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss tritt erstmals im Jahr 838 als ''Eitraha'' schriftlich in Erscheinung, (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Aitrach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hilaria&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Erphe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Erphe&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erf_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der schriftliche Erstbeleg der Erf fand 1234 als Erphe statt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Erfa'' seu ''Erf''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Fluvius Nudus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;&gt;Schöttgen, C., &amp; Kreysig, G. C. (1755). ''Diplomataria et scriptores historiae Germanicae medii aevi''. Altenburgi: Richter.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Golz&lt;ref name=&quot;Golz&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6ltzsch#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name des Gewässers trat erstmals 1122 als „ad aquam Golz“ (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Göltzsch'' seu ''Göltsch''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Alestra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alestra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Gelbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Gelbach'' seu ''Gelber Bach'' seu ''Gehlbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hemisa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hemisa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emsbach_(Lahn,_Limburg)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die ersten schriftlichen Erwähnungen nennen den Fluss ''Hemisa'' (Jahr 795) bzw. ''Emisa'' (805). (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Emisa&lt;ref name=&quot;Hemisa&quot;/&gt;
| ''Emsbach'' seu ''Ems''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hessel]]
| 
|''Hessel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Mandavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mandavia&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandau#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Damals gab es auch einen Zittauer Stadtteil Mandow und eine porta Mandauie = Mandau-Pforte (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Mandau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Nissa Lusatianus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Viadrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
|-
| [[Motel (Schilde)|Motel]]
| 
|''Motel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Schilde (Scalen)|Schilde]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Neffelbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Neffelbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Arnefa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Arnefa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Scalen]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Scalen&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schaale#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Schaale wird in einer Urkunde von 1279 als ''Scalen'' erwähnt. (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Schaale''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Zuda (flumen)|Zuda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Schilde (Scalen)|Schilde]]
| 
|''Schilde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Scalen]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Scalen&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Stederau]]
| 
| ''Stederau'' seu ''Bokeler Bach'' seu ''Röhrser Bach'' seu ''Aue''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Ilmena (Albis)|Ilmena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Tuistina (Dimel)|Tuistina Dimelensis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Twista Dimelensis&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Arlau (...) prope Twistam (...) Tuistai, (963–1037, Kopie 15. Jh.) (...) Tuistina (...) in Tuista, 1127 in Tviste, 1235 (Kopie) de Twiste, 1240 HG.A.14, S. 419. (Kopie 14./15. Jh.) de Tuiste, 1251 in Thuiste, de Thuiste, 1257 de Twiste (und weitere Belege), 1310 in Twer- ¢ quer-. Duiste, (um 1350) prope tuisten (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Twista Dimelensis seu Tuistai Dimelenses seu Tuista Dimelensis seu Twiste Dimelense seu Tuiste Dimelense seu Thuiste Dimelense seu Tuisten Dimelense
|''Twiste''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Dimel]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dimel&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Tussale]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Tussale&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BCssel#Etymologie articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Um 1065 wird der Bach als ''Tussale'' (die Brausende, Rauschende, Tosende) bezeichnet (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Düssel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wipfra (flumen)|Wipfra]]
| 
|''Wipfra''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Hiera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hiera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Wirma|Wirma Ambrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wirma&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%BCrm_(Amper)#Namensherkunft hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name Streu wurde im 8. Jahrhundert „Streuue“ und um das Jahr 1030 „Strouua“ geschrieben (...) Der Flussname Würm ist erstmals bezeugt als Uuirma im Jahre 772 und später als Wirmiseo ‚Würmsee‘ (910), Vuirama (956/957), Wirmina (1056), (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Wirama&lt;ref name=&quot;Wirma&quot;/&gt; seu Wirmina&lt;ref name=&quot;Wirma&quot;/&gt;
|''Würm''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Zurrega (flumen)|Zurrega]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Zorga&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Zorge&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Zorge''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 40
| [[Helmana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

===Flumina inter 39 et 35 chiliometra longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 39 et 35 chiliometra aut amplius longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Aitra (Danubius)|Aitra Danubii]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aitra&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Aiterach'' seu ''Aitrach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 39
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Andrefa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Antrafa&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Antrefa&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Antreffa&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Antrift'' seu ''Antreff''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 39
| [[Sualmanaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sualmanaha&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Eckbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Eckbach'' seu ''Leinbach'' seu ''Neugraben'' seu ''Leininger Graben'' seu ''Eck''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 39
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Elantia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elantia&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elz_(Neckar)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die römische Auxiliareinheit „Numerus Brittonum Elantiensium“ beinhaltet die erste belegte Nennung des Namens Elz (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Elz'' seu ''Elzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 39
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lutra (Glanis)|Lutra Glanensis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Ludra,&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; Luterata,&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; Hlutraha,&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; Hlutra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|''Lauter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 39
| [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Glan Navae&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Mittelradde]]
| 
| ''Mittelradde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 39
| [[Hassa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hassa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Nuthe (Albis)|Nuthe Albis]]
| 
|''Nuthe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 39
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Owe Bocense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Bocense&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot; et adiectivo &quot;Bocensis-e&quot;. De hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot; vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)&quot;. De adiectivo &quot;Bocensis-e&quot;, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Audan Bocense&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Bocense&quot;/&gt;
|''Bückeburger Aue'' seu ''Aue''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 39
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Rotbacum (Arnefa)|Rotbacum Arnefae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Rotbach'' seu ''Nöthener Siefen'' seu ''Schliebach'' seu ''Mühlenbach'' seu ''Bruchbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 39
| [[Arnefa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Arnefa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Szwartowe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Szwartowe&quot;&gt;Vide [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_2TwOAAAAQAAJ Codex diplomaticus Lubecensis], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) quoque in szwartowe a nobis (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Szw&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwartauhoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam]{{Nexus deficit|date=September 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung findet sich in einer Urkunde des dänischen Königs Waldemar aus dem Jahr 1215 (''szwartowe'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Schwartau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 39
| [[Trabena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Trabena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;

|-
| [[Zwönitz (flumen)|Zwönitz]]
| 
|''Zwönitz'' seu ''Zwönitzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 39
| [[Caminizi rivus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Aach Stockense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ASto&quot;&gt;Gentilicium &quot;Stockense&quot; ad [[Stockach|Stockam]] refertur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Stockacher Aach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Angel (flumen)|Angel]]
| 
| ''Angel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Werse]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Werse&quot;/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Bobritzsch (flumen)|Bobritzsch]]
| 
| ''Bobritzsch''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Mulda Fribergensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MF&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Chira (fluvius)|Chira]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbis Latinus A-D&quot;&gt;[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&amp;cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&amp;lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].&lt;/ref&gt;
| Kira&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbis Latinus A-D&quot;/&gt;
|''Hahnenbach'' seu ''Meinbach'' seu ''Altbach'' seu ''Idarbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius II 1898&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Clingbacus (Michelsbacum)|Clingbacus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Kremer 1769&quot;&gt;Kremer, C. J. (1769). ''Origines Naborenses sive documenta ad illustrandam historiam palatinam''. Ex Typographia Electorali.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Klingbacus&lt;ref name=&quot;Kremer 1769&quot;/&gt; seu Clingbach&lt;ref name=&quot;AETP III 1775&quot;&gt;Academia Electoralis Theodoro-Palatina. (1775). Historia et commentationes Academiae electoralis scientiarum et elegantiorum literarum Theodoro-Palatinae: Tomus III. Typis Academicis.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Klingbach&lt;ref name=&quot;AETP III 1775&quot;/&gt;
|'' Klingbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Michelsbacum (Rhenus)|Michelsbacum Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ephisa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Codex diplomaticus Fuldensis&quot;&gt;Dronke, E. F. J. (Ed.). (1844). ''Codex diplomaticus Fuldensis''. Theodor Fischer. &lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Effese]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Effese&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efze#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Im Mittelalter wurde die Efze als Effese bezeichne (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Effese2&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 240 Effese, 1250 ad fluvium … Effese (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|''Efze''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Sualmanaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sualmanaha&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Eschach (Nicer)|Eschach Niceri]]
| 
|''Eschach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Glatta (Rhenus)|Glatta Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Glatta&quot;&gt;Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo Helvetico apud {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Glatt''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Großer Dieckfluss]]
| 
|''Großer Dieckfluss''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Owe Magnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Magnum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Isina]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Isina&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisbach_(Rhein)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Erstmals schriftlich erwähnt wurde die Eis in einer Urkunde des Lorscher Codex aus dem Jahre 766, wo sie ''Isina'' heißt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Eisbach'' seu ''Eis'' seu ''Altbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lachte]]
| 
|''Lachte''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Leimbacum (Rhenus, Bruowele)|Leimbacum Rheni Bruowelense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bruowelense&quot;&gt;Gentilicium &quot;Bruowelense&quot; ad oppidum [[Brühl (Badenia)|Bruowele]] refertur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Leimbach'' seu ''Bettelbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Orcana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orcana&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orke#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird 1486 als die Orcken erstmals schriftlich erwähnt. Die gleichnamigen Orte Nieder- bzw. Oberorke erscheinen in den schriftlichen Aufzeichnungen schon im Jahr 1016 als Orcana. Die Deutung des Namens ist unsicher (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Orke''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Adrana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrana&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Regana Alba]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Regana Alba&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regen_(river)#Etymology hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Anglicam], ubi dicitur &quot; The Romans called the river variously ''Regana'' (feminine gender), ''Reganus'' (masculine), and ''Reganum'' (neuter)&quot;. Adiectivum Latinum &quot;albus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum ''Weißer'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Reganus Albus&lt;ref name=&quot;Regana Alba&quot;/&gt; seu Reganum Album&lt;ref name=&quot;Regana Alba&quot;/&gt;
| ''Weißer Regen'' seu ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Regana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Regana&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Russella|Russella Saravi]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
| Musella Saravi&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; seu Roussella&lt;ref name=&quot;Rousella&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossel_(Saar)#Namen hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Ältere Namen des Flusses sind Roussella (1268), Russella, Rusella (1544) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Rusella
|''Rossel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Saravus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sosa (flumen)|Sosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Söse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Ruma (Layna)|Ruma]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ruma&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Vechne]]
| 
|''Vehne''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 38
| [[Owe (Lacus Zwischenahnensis)|Owe Zwischenahnense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe de Bad Zwischenahn&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot;. De hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot; vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)&quot;. Adiectivum &quot;Zwischenahnense&quot; homonymum ad lacum [[Bad Zwischenahn|commune Bad Zwischenahn]] attingentem refert.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Ad Lunam]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ad Lunam&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lone#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) In der Römerzeit wurde ein Kastell nach dem Fluss benannt („Ad Lunam“) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Lone''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 37
| [[Hurwin]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hürbe&quot;&gt;Vide [https://elib.uni-stuttgart.de/bitstream/11682/5853/1/Uni_63.pdf Ortsnamenforschung in Südwestdeutschland], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Hürbe, z. Brenz z. Donau, 1171 ''de Hurwin''  (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Agira (Werenza)|Agira Werenzae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Agira&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eger_(W%C3%B6rnitz)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung findet die Eger im Jahr 760 als ''Agira'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Eger''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 37
| [[Werenza]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Arle&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Arlau (...) 218 silva que iuncta est Arle (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Arlau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 37
| [[Mare Germanicum]]
| [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Arle&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Berste]]
| 
|''Berste''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 37
| [[Spreha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Bibara (Danubius)|Bibara]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bibara Danubii&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo Helvetico. Cui ultimo, vide [https://search.ortsnamen.ch/de/record/5029908 ortsnamen.ch], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) et inde sinistrorsum per plateam usque Rammesheim in fluvium Bibara (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|  Bibera&lt;ref name=&quot;Bibera Danubii&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen homonymis e fluviis. De quorum ultimorum nomine, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Biber&amp;f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''] (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Biberaha&lt;ref name=&quot;Bibera Danubii&quot;/&gt;
|''Biber''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 37
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Caminizi rivus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| 
|'' Chemnitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 37
| [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

|-
| [[Glotyr]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Glotyr&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) n valle Glotern, 1297 vallem Glotyri, (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Glotyrus&lt;ref name=&quot;Glotyr&quot;/&gt; seu Glotyrum&lt;ref name=&quot;Glotyr&quot;/&gt; seu Glotern&lt;ref name=&quot;Glotyr&quot;/&gt;
| ''Glotter'' seu ''Glotterbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 37
| [[Dreisima]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dreisima&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lethe (Hunta)|Lethe]]
| 
| ''Lethe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 37
| [[Hunta]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Nuhne]]
| 
|''Nuhne''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 37
| [[Adrana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrana&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Raodhaha|Raodhaha Cocherae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Oberrot&amp;f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch], auctore Alberto Greule.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Rotaha Cocherae&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Rota&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Fichtenberger Rot''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 37
| [[Cochera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cochera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Seemenbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Seemenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 37
| [[Nidder]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nidder&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Selbitz]]
| 
|''Selbitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 37
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Tribisa]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| 
|''Triebisch''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 37
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Ach Cassiliacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cassiliacum&quot;&gt;Gentilicium &quot;Cassiliacensis-e&quot; ad urbem Cassiliacum refertur. Huic Latino toponymo, vide [articulum huius urbis apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die erste Besiedlung bereits in der Steinzeit ist durch Funde an der Iller bei Ferthofen belegt.&lt;sup&gt;[7]&lt;/sup&gt; Erste Baufunde stammen aus der Römerzeit. Vermutlich befand sich dort ein kleiner Wacht- und Siedlungsposten. Hierfür kommen zwei Namen, ''Cassiliacum''&lt;sup&gt;[8]&lt;/sup&gt; oder ''Viaca'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Memminger Ach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 36
| [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hilaria&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Angere (Rhenus)|Angere Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Angeren Rheni&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Angera Rheni&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Anger Rheni&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Angero Rheni&lt;ref name=&quot;Angero&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anger_(Rhein)#Namen hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die früheste bekannte urkundliche Erwähnung unter dem Namen ''Angero'' stammt aus dem Jahr 875 (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|''Angerbach'' seu ''Anger''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 36
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Drahonum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Drahonum&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhron#Namehoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die ersten schriftlichen Nennungen sind: Drahonum (Ende 4. Jh.) Drona (752) Troganus (802) Drogana (949) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Drona&lt;ref name=&quot;Drahonum&quot;/&gt; seu Troganus&lt;ref name=&quot;Drahonum&quot;/&gt; seu Drogana&lt;ref name=&quot;Drahonum&quot;/&gt; seu Trogona&lt;ref name=&quot;Gudenus 1743&quot;&gt;Gudenus, V. F. (1743). ''Codex diplomaticus: exhibens anecdota Moguntiaca, iura, provincias, et adiacentes regiones'' (Vol. 1). Typis Ioannis Baptistae.&lt;/ref&gt;
|''Dhron''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 36
| [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Isana (Rhenus)|Isana Rhenana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| 
|''Isenach'' seu ''Morschbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 36
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Luder (flumen)|Luder]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Luder&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCder_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 820 (''flumen … luder'') erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Lüder'' seu ''Lüderbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 36
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Meisaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Meisaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maisach_(Amper)#Namensherkunft hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Maisach, 853 erstmals erwähnt als ''Meisaha'', setzt sich zusammen aus althochdeutsch aha ‚Wasser, Wasserlauf, Fluss (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Maisach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 36
| [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Milize]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Militz&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Milizza&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Milze&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Milizi&lt;ref name=&quot;Milizi&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Milz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 36
| [[Sala (Moenus)|Sala in pago Salvense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sala in pago&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Nigra Aqua (Alara)|Nigra Aqua Alarae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nigra Aqua Alarae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo Helvetico. Cui substantivo, vide [https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/000914/2016-09-26/ Neirivue], ubi dicitur &quot;Ehemalige politische Gemeinde FR, Bezirk Greyerz, am linken Saaneufer. 2002 mit Albeuve, Lessoc und Montbovon zur neuen Gemeinde Haut-Intyamon fusioniert. 1277 ''Nigra aqua'', früher dt. ''Schwarzwasser'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Schwarzwasser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 36
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivulus Molendinarius Fredersdorfensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mühlenfließ&quot;&gt;Theodisca vox ''Mühlenfließ'' in Latinam &quot;Rivulus Molendinarius&quot; verti solet. V.gr. vide: Hoffmann, C. G., auctore (1734). ''Scriptores Rerum Lusaticarum''. Lipsiae &amp; Budissae: David Richter.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Fredersdorfer Mühlenfließ'' seu ''Senitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 36
| [[Spreha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Rubrum Bistrice]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rubrum Bistrice&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum ex adiectivo &quot;rubrum&quot; (Theodisce ''Rote'') et nomine Latino &quot;Bistrice&quot;. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Zur_Geschichte_der_Besiedelung_der_Dresdner_Gegend Zur Geschichte der Besiedelung der Dresdner Gegend], ubi dicitur &quot;Buistrizi ist der urkundliche, mit dem Flußnamen der Weißeritz (Wisteritz, 1206 flumen Bistrice, 1366 Wistricz) zusammenhängende Name des Burgwards (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Rubrum Buistrizi&lt;ref name=&quot;Rubrum Bistrice&quot;/&gt; seu Rubrum Wisteritz&lt;ref name=&quot;Rubrum Bistrice&quot;/&gt; seu Rubrum Wistricz&lt;ref name=&quot;Rubrum Bistrice&quot;/&gt;
|''Rote Weißeritz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 36
| [[Bistrice]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bistrice&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Steina (Vutahe)|Steina Vutahis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Steina'' seu ''Steinach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 36
| [[Vutahe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Vutahe&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Vilisa (Licus)|Vilisa Lici]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Vilisa Lici&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e fluvio Vilisā Danubii. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Vilsa&lt;ref name=&quot;Vilisa Lici&quot;/&gt; seu Vilusa&lt;ref name=&quot;Vilisa Lici&quot;/&gt; seu Filisa&lt;ref name=&quot;Vilisa Lici&quot;/&gt; seu Filusa&lt;ref name=&quot;Vilisa Lici&quot;/&gt; seu Filsa&lt;ref name=&quot;Vilisa Lici&quot;/&gt; seu Philisa&lt;ref name=&quot;Vilisa Lici&quot;/&gt; seu Vilosa&lt;ref name=&quot;Vilisa Lici&quot;/&gt; seu Vilusa&lt;ref name=&quot;Vilisa Lici&quot;/&gt;
|''Vils''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 36
| [[Licus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Wehre (Weraha)|Wehre Werahae]]
| 
|''Wehre'' seu ''Wohra''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 36
| [[Weraha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Bardia (flumen)|Bardia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bardia&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=21&amp;cq=d&amp;lang=en bavarikon.de], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''Bardia fluvius:''' Barthe, Fl. in Deutschland, Mü: Barther Bodden (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Barthe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 35
| [[Bodden Bardense]]
| [[Bardia (flumen)|Bardia]]
|-
| [[Else]]
| 
| ''Else''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 35
| [[Weraha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Glane (Amisia)|Glane]]
| 
| ''Glane''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 35
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Buckau]]
| 
| ''Buckau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 35
| [[Habala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Hasela]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Haselach&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Haslach&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Haßlach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 35
| [[Radaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lutaraha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutaraha&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide [https://www.yumpu.com/de/document/read/5481494/sankt-oswald-baunach-pfarrei-st-oswald-baunach ''Sankt Oswald Baunach''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Eine erste geschichtliche Erwähnung unter dem Namen „Lutaraha“ fand man aus dem Jahr 853 (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Lauterach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 35
| [[Filisa (Naba)|Filisa Nabae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Nibalgaunensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Nibalgavia&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Nibalcoge&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Nibulgauva&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Nibilgouwe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Eschach'' seu ''Niebel'' seu ''Nibel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 35
| [[Aitra (Danubius)|Aitra Danubii]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aitra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Orlah]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orlah&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orla#Namensherkunft hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird 1192 als Orlah erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Orla'' seu ''Orlah'' seu ''Orlau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 35
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Scutara]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Scutura&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Schutter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 35
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Sevena (Odera)|Sevena Oderae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sevena&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.persee.fr/doc/onoma_0755-7752_2010_num_52_1_1535  Les hydronymes paléoeuropéens et la question de l'origine des Celtes], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''Sieber,'' lieu et fleuve de la Harz, 1287 ''inter ... Oderam et Sevenam'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Sieber''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 35
| [[Odera (Ruma)|Odera Rumae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Thuite]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Dhute&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Düte''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 35
| [[Hassa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hassa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Wipperau]]
| 
| ''Wipperau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 35
| [[Ilmena (Albis)|Ilmena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

===Flumina inter 34 et 30 chiliometra longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 34 et 30 chiliometra aut amplius longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Acarse]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Acarse&quot;&gt;Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20240919231438/http://www.koeblergerhard.de/wikiling/index.php?f=lemmaFull&amp;langType=reviews&amp;lemmaID=3286 Köbler, Gerhard,as in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte, 2016], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Axtbach (M.) bzw. Beilerbach-Ems, 11. Jh., bei Beelen bei Warendorf, F1-60 AK (?) Acarse, Acarse Erh. Nr. 917 (um 1030) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Axtbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Aphilste]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Apphilste&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Apphelste&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Apphilstede&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Aphelste&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Appelste&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Apfelstädt''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Hiera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hiera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Auma]]
| 
| ''Auma''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Wyda (flumen)|Wyda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wyda&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Erlenbacum (Michelsbacum)|Erlenbacum Michelsbacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Erlenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Michelsbacum (Rhenus)|Michelsbacum Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Eymese]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Eymese&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ems_(Eder)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 1401 zum ersten Mal schriftlich erwähnt (''Eymese'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Ems''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Adrana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrana&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Glatta (Nicer)|Glatta Niceri]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Glatta&quot;&gt;Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo Helvetico apud {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Glatt''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Gotlavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gotlavia&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad_Gottleuba-Berggie%C3%9Fh%C3%BCbel#Gottleuba homonymo de oppido apud Vicipediam Anglicam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Gottleuba was first mentioned in 1363 as ''Gotlavia'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Gottleuba''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Hotepe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hotepe&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoppecke#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Am Erstbeleg des Ortes Hoppecke von 1113 als ''Hotepe'' wird ersichtlich (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Hoppecke''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Dimel]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dimel&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Moraha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Můraha&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Murach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Swarza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Swarza&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Radegast (Stepenitz)|Radegast]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radegast&quot;&gt;Vide [https://mvdok.lbmv.de/mjbrenderer?id=mvdok_document_00002847 Die slavischen Ortsnamen in Meklenburg], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Radegast, Nebenfluß der Stepenitz, 1188, 1202 Radagost, 1255 aqua Radegast, 1258 fluuius Radegost, 1262 Rodogost, 1310 aqua Radagast, (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Radagost seu Radegost seu Rodogost seu Radagast
| ''Radegast''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Stepenitz (Trabena)|Stepenitz Trabenae]]
| [[Trabena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Roda (Albis)|Roda]]
| 
| ''Roda''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Schleuse]]
| 
| ''Schleuse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Weraha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Schlichem]]
| 
| ''Schlichem''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Usa (Weteraha)|Usa]]
| 
|''Usa'' seu ''Us'' seu ''Usbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Weteraha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Weteraha&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wara (Amana)|Wara]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Waraha&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Wohra''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 34
| [[Amana (flumen)|Amana]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Albis (Adrana)|Albis Adranae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Albis Adranae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Theodisce ''Elbe'' dicto. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Elbe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Adrana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrana&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Alina]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alina&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellebach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Ersterwähnung des Ortes Ellen als ''Alina'' lässt den ursprünglichen Namen erahnen (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ellebach'' seu ''Ellbach'' seu ''Elle''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Antiquus Viadrus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis ex hydronymo &quot;Viadrus&quot; et variationibus et adiectivo &quot;antiquus-a-um&quot;. De hydronymo &quot;Viadrus&quot; vide {{Graesse}} aut [https://eshp.ijp.pan.pl/search/results/226313 Elektroniczny słownik hydronimów Polski] (Polonice), ubi dicitur &quot;Oddere, Odere, Oddera, Oddore 992 RudnickiNO 21-3&quot;. Adiectivo &quot;antiquus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Alte&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Antiquus Viadus&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;/&gt; seu Antiqua Odora&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;/&gt; seu Antiquus Oder&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;/&gt; seu Antiqua Odagra&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;/&gt; seu Antiqua Odara&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;/&gt; seu Antiqua Odra&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;/&gt; seu Antiqua Odrita&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;/&gt; seu Antiqua Adora&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;/&gt; seu Antiquus Suevus Flavius&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;/&gt; seu Antiqua Oddera&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;/&gt; seu Antiquum Oddere&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;/&gt; seu Antiquum Oddore&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;/&gt; seu Antiquum Oddere&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;/&gt;
| ''Alte Oder''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Viadrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
| [[Viadrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Armissia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Armissia&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erms hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die '''Erms''' (lat. ''Armissia'') (...) Der Name der Erms geht zurück auf das römische ''Armis(s)a'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Armisa seu Armissa
| ''Erms''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Guldenbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Guldenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius II 1898&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hache (flumen)|Hache]]
| 
| ''Hache''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Othmunda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ochtum&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110338591.383/html?lang=en De Gruyter], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''Ochtum, die''' (...) 1158 ''inter Othmundam'' (lies ''Ohtmundam'') ''et Wisaram'', 1171 ''usque  in  Ohtmundam'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Heinbach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Heincbach&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainbach_(Woogbach)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''super fluvio Heinbach'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Hainbach'' seu ''Heimbach'' seu ''Wooggraben'' seu ''Krebsbächel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Woogbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hostrahun (Danubius)|Hostrahun Danubii]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Ostraha&lt;ref name=&quot;Ostraha&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Ostrach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Huhnerbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Hühnerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Gennach (flumen)|Gennach]]
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Hune]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hune&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6nne#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Um 1230 wird der Fluss als ''Hune'' erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Hönne''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Rura]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ilmede]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilmede&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilme#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die ''Ilme'' wird im Jahr 1322 (''Ilmede'') erstmals schriftlich genann (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ilme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Layna]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Liuzenaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Liuzenaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leitzach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''usque in Liuzenaha'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Leitzach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Manachfialta]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Manachfialta&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Lukavica]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lukavica&quot;&gt;Vide [https://pdfcoffee.com/ivo-vukcevic-rex-german-or-um-populos-sclavorum-pdf-free.html Ivo Vukcevic Rex Germanorum populos Sclavorum], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Lukavica— Longawitzi, 1074 (Loquitz) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Longawitzi
| ''Loquitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Lure (flumen)|Lure]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Lauer''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Sala (Moenus)|Sala in pago Salvense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sala in pago&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Nigrum Packaw]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nigrum Packaw&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [[:de:Pockau#Geschichte]], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die erstmalige Erwähnung des Ortes erfolgte im Jahre 1365 als „Packaw“ (...)&quot;. Adiectivo &quot;nigrum&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum ''Schwarze'' vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Schwarze Pockau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Flöha]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Nordradde]]
| 
| ''Nordradde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Oorana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Oorana&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohrn#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 795 als „Oorana fluvius“ erstmals urkundlich erwähn (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ohrn''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Cochera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cochera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Radentia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Schwäbische Rezat''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Redniz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; 
|-
| [[Tanger (flumen)|Tanger]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Tanger&quot;&gt;Vide [https://archive.org/stream/thietmarimersebu00thieuoft/thietmarimersebu00thieuoft_djvu.txt Thietmari Merseburgensis episcopi Chronicon, post editionem Ioh. M. Lappenbergii recognovit Fridericus Kurze&quot;], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Tanger  rivus,  qui  prope (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Tanger'' seu ''Vereinigten Tanger''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Trebe (Alestra)|Trebe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Trebe&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [[:de:Trieb (Pöhl)#Geschichte|articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae hoc de oppido]], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Das Waldhufendorf Trieb wurde im Jahr 1441 erstmals urkundlich als „Trebe“ erwähnt. (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Trieb''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Alestra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alestra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Warme]]
| 
|''Warme'' seu ''Warmebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Dimel]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dimel&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Wietze (Alara)|Wietze Alarae]]
| 
|''Wietze''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Wila (Agger)|Wila]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wila&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [[:de:Wiehl#Geschichte|articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae hoc de oppido]], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 1131 wurde Wiehl unter dem Namen Wila erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Wiehl''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Agger (flumen)|Agger]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wissaha (Bregenze)|Wissaha Bregenzensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wissaha&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Wissha Bregenzensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Wissaha&quot;/&gt;
|''Weißach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 33
| [[Bregenze]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Abilach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Ablach&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Ablach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Boninaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Boninaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bina#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Bina wurde im Jahr 790 erstmals als ''Boninaha'' schriftlich genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Bina'' seu ''Binastorfer Mühlbach'' seu ''Gassauer Mühlbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Rota (Aenus)|Rota Aeni]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Calde (flumen)|Calde]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Kahl''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Cruofdero]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cruofdero&quot;&gt;Vide [file:///C:/Users/34622/Downloads/Heidenkeller%20korrigiert.pdf Kultspuren aus der Zeit der Völkerwanderung im südlichen Taunus?], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''Der Bach Kriftel ist auf keiner heutigen Karte mehr zu finden, statt dessen läufter unter den Namen Dattenbach, Goldbach, Schwarzbach von den Taunushöhen'' (...) ''Frühe Namensbelege sind: Cruofdero (1043), Kruftelam und Cruftele (um 1250/60), Krüftel (1355); als zugehörige Ortsnamen sind belegt'' Cruftera (780-802), Crufdera, Cruftere, Cruftero (um 800), Cruftero (890), Acruftele (Okriftel 1103), Cruftelo (1226) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Kruftela&lt;ref name=&quot;Cruofdero&quot;/&gt; seu Cruftera&lt;ref name=&quot;Cruofdero&quot;/&gt; seu Crufdera&lt;ref name=&quot;Cruofdero&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Cruofdero&quot;/&gt; seu Cruftere&lt;ref name=&quot;Cruofdero&quot;/&gt; seu Cruftero&lt;ref name=&quot;Cruofdero&quot;/&gt; seu Cruftero&lt;ref name=&quot;Cruofdero&quot;/&gt; seu Acruftele&lt;ref name=&quot;Cruofdero&quot;/&gt; seu Cruftelo&lt;ref name=&quot;Cruofdero&quot;/&gt;
|''Schwarzbach'' seu ''Dattenbach'' seu ''Goldbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Dorsbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Dörsbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;&gt;{{Murray}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Dürnach]]
| 
|''Dürnach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Westernach]]
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Elison]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elison&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seseke hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der römische Geschichtsschreiber Cassius Dio nennt im Zusammenhang mit den Drusus-Feldzügen (12 bis 8 v. Chr.) einen Fluss namens „Elison“ (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Seseke'' seu ''Sisecke'' seu ''Sesike'' seu ''Zesik''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Lupia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Iazaha (Sinna)|Iazaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iazaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jossa_(Sinn)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde ursprünglich Jazaha&lt;sup&gt;[6]&lt;/sup&gt;und später Jos&lt;sup&gt;[7]&lt;/sup&gt; genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Ios&lt;ref name=&quot;Iazaha&quot;/&gt;
| ''Jossa'' seu ''Joßa''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Sinna (flumen)|Sinna]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lerna (flumen)|Lerna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lerna&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hase_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''In Lernam'' (786, Fälschung 12. Jh.) ''lerhna'' (um 1320) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Lerhna
| ''Lehrde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Luitra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Luitra&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauter_(Rhein,_Gernsheim)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Für die Lauter wurden auch die Namen Ziegelbach und Luitra verwendet (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Lauter'' seu ''Winkelbach'' seu ''Ziegelbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Melia (flumen)|Melia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Melia&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B6hlin_(Rhein)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''iuxta fluvium Melia'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Möhlin''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Murge]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Radolfzeller Aach'' seu ''Hegauer Aach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivulus Niger (Falconis petra)|Rivulus Niger Falconis Petrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivulus Niger&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Falkensteinerbach&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Schwarzbach'' seu ''Schwartzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Falconis petra (Cinzele)|Falconis Petra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Falkensteinerbach&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sala (Layna)|Sala Laynae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sala Laynae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo apud {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Saale''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Layna]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Südradde]]
| 
| ''Südradde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 32
| [[Hassa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hassa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Aha Goetzingensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aha Goetzingensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783258481142_A43727966/preview-9783258481142_A43727966.pdf FLüsse der Alpen: Vielfalt in Natur und Kultur]. Gentilicio &quot;Goetzingensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium &quot;Götzinger&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Götzinger Achen'' seu ''Götzinger Ache''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 31
| [[Salzaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Brachtaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Brachtaha&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Bracht'' seu ''Hundsbach'' seu ''Horstbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 31
| [[Chinzechun]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hilda (flumen)|Hilda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hilda&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryck#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) „Hildam fluvium“ (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ryck''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 31
| [[Sinus Gryphiswaldensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sinus Gryphiswaldensis&quot;&gt;Confer [[Gryphiswalda|urbem]] apud hanc sinum.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Hilda (flumen)|Hilda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hilda&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Scuntra (Sala Moeni)|Scuntra Salae Moeni]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| 
| ''Schondra''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 31
| [[Sala (Moenus)|Sala in pago Salvense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sala in pago&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sebnitz (flumen)|Sebnitz]]
| 
|''Sebnitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 31
| [[Lachsbacum (Albis)|Lachsbacum Albis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Sulz (Alcmana)|Sulz Alcmanae]]
| 
| ''Sulz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 31
| [[Alcmana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Veerse]]
| 
| ''Veerse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 31
| [[Wemma]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Wenne]]
| 
|''Wenne''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 31
| [[Rura]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wolf (flumen)|Wolf]]
| 
| ''Wolf'' seu ''Wolfach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 31
| [[Chinzechun]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Alapa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alapa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpe_(Aller)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der erste Namensbeleg lautete 788 ''Alapam'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Alpe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Altefeld (flumen)|Altefeld]]
| 
| ''Altefeld'' seu ''Schwarzer Fluss'' seu ''Schwarzbach'' seu ''Altfell''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Slyrepha (flumen)|Slyrepha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Andolfspach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Andolfspach&quot;&gt;Vide [https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftfurdi2185unse/zeitschriftfurdi2185unse_djvu.txt Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) et  pratum  ad  duas carratas  feni  in  Andolfspach (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Andelsbach'' seu ''Andel'' seu ''Andelnbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Abilach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Aufseß (flumen)|Aufseß]]
| 
|''Aufseß''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Wiesent]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiesent&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Biverna (Osta)|Biverna Ostae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Beverna Ostae&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Bever''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Osta (flumen)|Osta]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Branda (flumen)|Branda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Branda&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brendlorenzen#Name articulum apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam].&lt;/ref&gt;
| Brande&lt;ref name=&quot;Branda&quot;/&gt; seu Brente&lt;ref name=&quot;Branda&quot;/&gt; seu Brante&lt;ref name=&quot;Branda&quot;/&gt; seu Brenden&lt;ref name=&quot;Branda&quot;/&gt; seu Brenten&lt;ref name=&quot;Branda&quot;/&gt; seu Brent&lt;ref name=&quot;Branda&quot;/&gt;
| ''Brend''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Sala (Moenus)|Sala in pago Salvense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sala in pago&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Datze]]
| 
| ''Datze''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Tollense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Tollense&quot;/&gt;
| [[Penus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Dumme Wustrowense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wustrowense&quot;&gt;Gentilicium &quot;Wustrowense&quot; ad [[Wustrow]] refert.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Wustrower Dumme'' seu ''Dumme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Iesne]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iesne&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Eberbach (Atulla)|Eberbach Atullae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ebrach&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis ex hydronymo &quot;Eberbach&quot;. De hydronymo &quot;Eberbach&quot; vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Rauhe Ebrach, l.z. Regnitz (z. Main), 1297 gegen die Ebrach; Eberbach (indirekt z. Unteren Murg z. Rhein), 1355 ripa Eberbach (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ebrach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Atulla]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Attel&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Eberbach Medium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Eberbach Medium&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis ex hydronymo &quot;Eberbach&quot; et adiectivo &quot;medius-a-um&quot;. De hydronymo &quot;Eberbach&quot; vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Rauhe Ebrach, l.z. Regnitz (z. Main), 1297 gegen die Ebrach; Eberbach (indirekt z. Unteren Murg z. Rhein), 1355 ripa Eberbach (...)&quot;. Adiectivo &quot;medius-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Mittlere&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Mittlere Ebrach'' seu ''Mittelebrach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Eberbach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Eberbach&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ech]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| E&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Ehe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Aich''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Erlenbacum (Nida)|Erlenbacum Nidae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Erlenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Nida (Moenus)|Nida Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nida Moeni&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Feltchrucha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| 
| ''Felda'' seu ''Katharinenbach'' seu ''Sengersbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Amana (flumen)|Amana]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Fluxus Tygelensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fluxus Tygelensis&quot;&gt;Theodisca vox ''Fließ'' in Latinam linguam &quot;fluxus-us&quot; vertitur. De gentilicio &quot;Tygelensis-e&quot; vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin-Tegel#Geschichte hunc articulum apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Tegel wird 1322 erstmals urkundlich erwähnt als Kirchdorf ''Tygel''(...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|''Tegeler Fließ''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Habala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Gerdauge]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Gherdou&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Gerdowe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Gherdowe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Gerdow&lt;ref name=&quot;Gerdow&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerdau_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name Gerdau (1352 ''Gerdow'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|''Gerdau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Ilmena (Albis)|Ilmena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Gramma (flumen)|Gramma]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gramma&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramme hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Im Jahr 1265 wird das Gewässer als Gramma erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Gramme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Onestrudis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Onestrudis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Grindaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Grindaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCndau_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird 1173 als ''Grindaha'' erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Gründau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Chinzechun]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Helre]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Helre&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heller_(Sieg) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Bereits am 24. Juni 1350 wurde die Heller in einer Urkunde als „Helre“ erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Heller''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Sega]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ileda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ileda&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihle hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird 1114 erstmals urkundlich genannt (''Ileda'') (...)&quot; &lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Ihle''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| Fossa inter [[Habala]]m&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; et [[Albis|Albem]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Kander (Rhenus)|Kander Rheni]]
| 
| ''Kander''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ketzerbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Ketzerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Lumme]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lumme&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumda_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die ''Lumda'' wird 1339 als ''Lumme'' erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)&quot; &lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Lumda''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;&gt;{{Murray}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Modenbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Modenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Spira (Rhenus)|Spira Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Spira&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Salz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Salz&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) in loco, qui dicitur Salz (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Salz'' seu ''Salzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Chinzechun]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Schiltahe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Schiltha&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Schiltache&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Schiltach&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Schiltach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Chinzechun]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sprotte]]
| 
|''Sprotte''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Plissa]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Sura (Net Almanae)|Sura Netensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sura (Net Almanae)&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Theodisce. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Sauer''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Net (Almana)|Net Almanae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Altenau (Alme)&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) sursum usque Net (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Vidaue]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Vidaue&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) iuxta Vidaue (...) ponte iuxta Withaue (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Withaue&lt;ref name=&quot;Vidaue&quot;/&gt;
|''Weihung''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Wahnbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Wahnbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Sega]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wisper]]
| 
| ''Wisper''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Worpena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Worpena&quot;&gt;Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20240924125310/http://www.koeblergerhard.de/wikiling/?f=gold&amp;page=3515 koeblergerhard.de], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Gewässernamen Wörpe (Worpena 1324) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Wörpe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 30
| [[Wemma]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|}

===Flumina inter 29 et 25 chiliometra longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 29 et 25 chiliometra aut amplius longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Clana (Manachfialta)|Clana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Clana Manachfialtae&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glonn_(Mangfall)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name taucht 774 erstmals urkundlich auf (''Clana''). Er leitet sich vom keltischen Adjektiv *glano- für „rein, klar, glänzend“ ab (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Glonn''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Manachfialta]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Manachfialta&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Guta (Chinzechun)|Gůta]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Guta&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/krieger1904bd1/0422/image,info Topographisches Wörterbuch des Großherzogtums Baden], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ecclesia Gůta in decanatu Rotwil (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Gutach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Chinzechun]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hostrahun (Hilaria)|Hostrahun Hilariae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hostrahun&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e fluvio. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''].&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Ostrach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hilaria&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Ilaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird im Jahr 1060 (''Ilaha'') erstmals urkundlich genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Illach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Licus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Lotzmane]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lotzmane&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.rechtskarten.de/karten/kaufunger-wald/ Der Königsforst Kaufunger Wald], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''silva que adiacet civitati inter Gelstram et Lotzmane amnes posita'', d.h. bis zur Gelster im Südosten und zur Losse im Südwesten (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Losse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Mare Steinhudense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mare Steinhudense&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. De hoc flumine, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Meerbach&amp;f=false Etymologie der Gewässernamen], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''Meerbach'' (...) riuum quendam effluentem de Stagno quod vocatur mare, 1250 mari (...)&quot;. Adiectivum &quot;Steinhudense&quot; refert vicinum ad oppidum Steinhude.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Mari Steinhudense&lt;ref name=&quot;Mare Steinhudense&quot;/&gt;
| ''Steinhuder Meerbach'' seu ''Aue'' seu ''Bäke''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Marka (flumen)|Marka]]
| 
| ''Marka''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Amisia Sygeltrensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sagter Ems&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo &quot;Amisia&quot; et adiectivo &quot;Sygeltrensis-es&quot;. De hydronymis &quot;Amisia&quot; vide {{Graesse}}. De adiectivo &quot;Sygeltrensis-es&quot;, vide [articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae &quot;Saterland&quot;], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Von der Grafschaft Sögel (''Comitia Sygeltra'') hat das Saterland („Sagelter Land“) auch seinen Namen (...)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Net (Almana)|Net Almanae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Altenau (Alme)&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Altenau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Almana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Panca]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Riedel 1843&quot;&gt;Riedel, Adolpho Friderico, auctore (1843). ''Codex Diplomaticus Brandenburgensis: Sammlung der Urkunden, Chroniken und sonstigen Quellenschriften''. Berolini: F.H. Morin.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Pankowe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Panke''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Spreha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Rehbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Rehbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Röhr]]
|
| ''Röhr''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Rura]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Schlucht]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Schlüht&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Schlücht''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Vutahe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Vutahe&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Schwülme]]
| 
| ''Schwülme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Secheimer (Iages)|Secheimer Iagis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Seccaher&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; Iagis seu Seggaha&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; Iagis seu Sekaha&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; Iagis
|''Seckach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sormitz]]
| 
| ''Sormitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Lukavica]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lukavica&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Wetschaft]]
| 
| ''Wetschaft''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wirsenicz (Caminizi rivus)|Wirsenicz Caminizi rivi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Wersnicz Caminizi rivi&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Würschnitz'' seu ''Beuthenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Caminizi rivus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Wuta|Wůta]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wůta&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilde_Gutach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird bei seiner Ersterwähnung im Jahr 1111 als Wůta bezeichnet (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Wilde Gutach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Helzaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Helzaha&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Zwinga (Albis)|Zwinga Albis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Zwinga Albis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwinge_(Peene)#Geschichten articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) In einer Urkunde des Herzogs Kasimir II. von 1219 wurde der Bach als „aqua molendini“ (Mühlengewässer) erwähnt.&lt;sup&gt;[4]&lt;/sup&gt; Die Erwähnung als „''Zwinga''“ erfolgte 1248 in einer Urkunde des Herzogs Wartislaw III. von Pommern-Demmin (...).&lt;/ref&gt;
| Aqua Molendini Albis&lt;ref name=&quot;Zwinga Albis&quot;/&gt;
|''Schwinge''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 29
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Amisia Sygeltrensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sagter Ems&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo &quot;Amisia&quot; et adiectivo &quot;Sygeltrensis-es&quot;. De hydronymis &quot;Amisia&quot; vide {{Graesse}}. De adiectivo &quot;Sygeltrensis-es&quot;, vide [articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae &quot;Saterland&quot;], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Von der Grafschaft Sögel (''Comitia Sygeltra'') hat das Saterland („Sagelter Land“) auch seinen Namen (...)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Sagter Ems'' seu ''Sater Ems''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Lade]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lade&quot;/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Bist]]
| 
| ''Bist'' seu ''Biest'' seu ''Bießt''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Saravus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Breitaha|Breitaha Iagis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Breitaha Iagis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Brettach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Dumme Salzwitense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Salzwitense&quot;&gt;Gemtilicium &quot;Salzwitense&quot; ad Salzwitam refert. Hoc de oppido, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Salzwedeler Dumme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Iesne]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iesne&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Elera (Net)|Elera Netensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Elra Netensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Ellerbach'' seu ''Eller''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Net (Almana)|Net Almanae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Altenau (Alme)&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Esse (Dimel)|Esse Dimelis]]
| 
|''Esse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Dimel]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dimel&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Garda (Nicer)|Garda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Garda&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lein_(Neckar)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Früher hieß der Bach Gartach (988 ''fluvium Garda''), eine Bezeichnung, die sich außer im Namen einiger Orte am Lauf auch in dem des mittelalterlichen Gartachgaus wiederfindet (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Lein'' seu ''Leinbach'' seu ''Schreckebach'' seu ''Seebach'' seu ''Gartach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hale (Ruma)|Hale]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hale&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hahle_(Rhume)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''aquam ... hale'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Hahle''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Ruma (Layna)|Ruma]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ruma&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Iutraha (Nicer)|Iutraha Niceri]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iutraha Niceri&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itter_(Neckar)#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die ''Itter'' wird im Jahr 628 (''Iutraha'') erstmals urkundlich erwähnt. Der Name enthielt ursprünglich die Endung -aha, was für „Fließgewässer“ steht.  (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Yutra&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Iutra&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Iudra&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Euteraha&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Eutere&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Itter'' seu ''Euterbach'' seu ''Itterbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lutra (Slyphera)|Lutra Slypherae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutra&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Lauter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Slyrepha (flumen)|Slyrepha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Mercene]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mercene&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merzbach#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Bei Röhe wurde eine römische Siedlung ausgegraben, die vermutlich ''*Marcianum'' hieß (‚Landgut des Marcius‘) und namensgebend für den Fluss und die Flur war. Der Name ist erstmals 1149 als ''Mercene'' verschriftlicht (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Marcianum&lt;ref name=&quot;Mercene&quot;/&gt;
|''Merzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Mitrana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mitrana&quot;&gt;Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20241007103209/https://www.bietigheim-bissingen.de/fileadmin/user_upload_stadtverwaltung/newsletter/2022/06_Juni_2022/2022_06_30/Anlage_zur_PM__QR-Naturerlebnispfad_Mettertal.pdf QR-Natur- &amp; Kultur-Erlebnisrundgang Mettertal], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name Metter ist seit der
Römerzeit belegt. Die Römer nannten das Flüsschen „Matisa“ und „Fluvius Mitrana“ (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Matisa
| ''Metter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Enze]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Enze&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Netha|Netha Nersae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Netha Nersae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nette_(Innerste)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 1149 wurde der Fluss als „iuxta Netham“ erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Nette''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Nersa]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Olef]]
| 
|''Olef''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Urdefa (flumen)|Urdefa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Urdefa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Owe Rodenbergense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Rodenbergense&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot;. De hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot; vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)&quot;. Gentilicium &quot;Rodenbergense&quot; ad [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodenberg#Geschichte Castrum Rodenbergum] refert.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Rodenberger Aue'' seu ''Aue''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Owe Occidentale]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Westaue&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot;. De hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot; vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)&quot;. Adiectivo &quot;Occidentale&quot; Theodiscum praefixum ''West-'' vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivulus Niger (Elisinza)|Rivulus Niger Elisinzae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivulus Niger&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Schwarzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Elisinza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elisinza&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Raodhaha Caeca]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Raodhaha Caeca&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Oberrot&amp;f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch]. Adiectivo &quot;caecus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Blinde&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Rotaha Caeca&lt;ref name=&quot;Raodhaha Caeca&quot;/&gt; seu Rota Caeca &lt;ref name=&quot;Raodhaha Caeca&quot;/&gt;
|''Blinde Rot'' seu ''Adelmannsfelder Rot''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Cochera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cochera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rotaha (Moenus)|Rotaha Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Rodau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Salzbuide]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Salzbuide&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salzb%C3%B6de#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Erstmalige Erwähnung erfährt die Bezeichnung Salzböde in einer Schenkungsurkunde aus dem 8. Jahrhundert, in der eine Edelfrau namens Adelburch ihre Besitzungen in der mündungsnahen Ortschaft „Salzbutine“ (Salzböden) dem Kloster Fulda überträgt. Im Landfriedensvertrag, den Bischof Wernher von Mainz 1265 mit hessischen Reichsstädten und benachbarten Territorialherren schloss, wird bei der Beschreibung der Grenze im Norden auch der Fluss Salzböde („..., ''et ab illa silva usque ad aquam, que dictur Salzbuide'',...“) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Salzbutine&lt;ref name=&quot;Salzbuide&quot;/&gt;
|''Salzböde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sinna Angusta]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sinna angusta&quot;&gt;Vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Oberrot&amp;f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch], auctore Alberto Greule. Adiectivum &quot;angustus-a-um&quot;, quo Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Schmale&quot; vertitur, adhibetur ad distinguendum hoc flumen suo ex homonymo flumine.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Sinne Angustum&lt;ref name=&quot;Sinna angusta&quot;/&gt;
|''Schmale Sinn'' seu ''Hintere Sinn'' seu ''Kleine Sinn''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 28
| [[Sinna (flumen)|Sinna Salae Moeni]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; 
|-
| [[Aa Fera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aa Fera&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Lexicon Universale}}. Adiectivo &quot;ferus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Wilde&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Alpha Fera&lt;ref name=&quot;Alpha Fera&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}. Adiectivo &quot;ferus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Wilde&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
|''Wilde Aa'' seu ''Aar'' seu ''Ogge'' seu ''Wilde Ah'' seu ''Wilde Aar''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 27
| [[Orcana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orcana&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Aalbach (Moenus)|Aalbach Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aalbach Moeni&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''].&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|''Aalbach'' seu ''Ahlbach'' seu ''Weidengraben'' seu ''Waldbüttelbrunner Augraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 27
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Barre]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Kleine Paar'' seu ''Holzheimerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 27
| [[Ach Frewbergense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Frewberga&quot;&gt;Adiectivo &quot;Frewbergensis-e&quot; vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Cherse]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Koerse&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Kerse&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Körsch'' seu ''Sindelbach'' seu ''Aischbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 27
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Elera (Nava)|Elera Navae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elera&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellerbach_(Nahe)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''super fluuiolum Elera'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ellerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 27
| [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius II 1898&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ghela]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Gehle''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 27
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Hamele]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hamele&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamel_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird im Jahr 1309 (Hamele) erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Hamel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 27
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Lara (27 km)|Lara]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lara&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafenlohr_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Im Jahr 772 war sie in der Markbeschreibung der Benediktinerabtei Neustadt am Main erstmals als ''super fluviolum Lara'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Hafenlohr''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 27
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivulus Niger Rhenanus Wittlaerensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivulus Niger&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Schwarzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 27
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;  
|-
| [[Tulba]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Thulba''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 27
| [[Sala (Moenus)|Sala in pago Salvense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sala in pago&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wevene]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Wabe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 27
| [[Schuntra]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Wietze (Ursena)|Wietze Ursenae]]
| 
| ''Wietze''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 27
| [[Ursena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Withaa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Withaea&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Widaae&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Hvidaae&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Wiedau'' seu ''Mehlandsbach'' seu ''Delmser Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 27
| [[Wemma]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Bära]]
| 
| ''Bära''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Canalis (Rura)|Canalis Rurae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Canalis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kallbach_(Urft)#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name könnte sich vom rheinischen Wort Kall(e) für 'Wasserrinne, Straßenrinne' (&lt; lateinisch ''canalis'') herleiten (...).&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Kall''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Cupfere]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Kuppher&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Chupher&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Kupfer''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Cochera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cochera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ekkerne]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Ecker''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Ovacra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ovacra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Erpe (Tuistina)|Erpe]]
| 
| ''Erpe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Tuistina (Dimel)|Tuistina]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Extera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Piderit 1846&quot;&gt;Piderit, F. C. G. (1846). ''Geschichte der Lippe'schen Lande''. Detmoldae: Meyer.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Exter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Hardna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hardna&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_(Werre)#Bezeichnung hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Im Mittelalter trug die Aa den Namen „Hardna“, welcher sich vom mittelniederdeutschen Wort hart für 'Bergwald, waldiger Höhenzug' ableite (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Aa (Wachna)|Aa Wachnae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Aa'' seu ''Johannisbach'' seu ''Westfälische Aa''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Wachna]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Hasalaha (flumen)|Hasalaha Werahae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hasalaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasel_(Werra)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird im Jahr 824 als Hasalaha erstmals schriftlich genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Hasel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Weraha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Kessach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Kessha&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Chessa&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Kessach'' seu ''Berolzheimer Kästle'' seu ''Schillingstadter Kästle''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lutra (Nicer)|Lutra Niceri]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutra&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Lauter'' seu ''Lenninger Lauter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lutturu (Amisia)|Lutturu Amisiae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Lutteru Amisiae&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Lutter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Lutturu (Lachte)|Lutturu Lachtense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Lutteru Lachtense&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Lutter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Lachte]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Luya (Naba)|Luya Nabae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Luya Nabae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Lia&lt;ref name=&quot;Luya Nabae&quot;/&gt;
| ''Luhe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Naba]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Miele (flumen)|Miele]]
| 
| ''Miele''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Mare Germanicum]]
| [[Miele (flumen)|Miele]]
|-
| [[Mosalbe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mosalbe&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moosalbe_(Schwarzbach)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 1180 erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (''Mosalbe'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Moosalbe'' seu ''Moosalb''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Burchalben]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Burchalben&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Nisa (flumen)|Nisa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nisa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niese_(Emmer)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 1005 als ''Nisa'' erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Niese''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Emmera]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Othmunda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ochtum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Ochtum''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Rotina (Itessa)|Rotina Itessae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Rotene Itessae&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Röthen'' seu ''Röden''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Itessa]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Scherkonde]]
| 
| ''Scherkonde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Laz (flumen)|Laz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Laz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Schoza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schoza&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) aput Schozam (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Schozach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Steinlach]]
| 
| ''Steinlach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Stobrava]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Stobrava&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B6bber#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''fluuium qui Stoborov nuncupatur'' (...) ''super Stobravam'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Stoborov&lt;ref name=&quot;Stobrava&quot;/&gt;
| ''Stöbber'' seu ''Stobber'' seu ''Stobberow''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Antiquus Viadrus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Antiquus Viadrus&quot;/&gt;
| [[Viadrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Sulmana (flumen)|Sulmana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sulmana&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulm_(Neckar)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''villa sulmana'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Sulm''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Weraha (Rhenus)|Weraha Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Werra Rheni&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Wehra''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wieste]]
| 
| ''Wieste''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 26
| [[Wemma]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Aqua Kotitzensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aqua Kotitzensis&quot;&gt;Nomine &quot;Aqua&quot; Theodiscum nomen ''Wasser'' et gentilicio &quot;Kotitzensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium &quot;Kotitzer&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Kotitzer Wasser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Lubetowe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lubetowe&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Aschau (Lachte)|Aschau]]
| 
| ''Aschau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Lachte]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Au Soholmense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Soholmense&quot;&gt;Gentilicio &quot;Soholmensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium &quot;Soholmer&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Å Soholmense&lt;ref name=&quot;Soholmense&quot;/&gt;
| ''Soholmer Au''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Canalis Bongsielensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bongsielensis&quot;&gt;Gentilicio &quot;Bongsielensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium &quot;Bongsieler&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Canalis Bongsielensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bongsielensis&quot;&gt;Gentilicio &quot;Bongsielensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium &quot;Bongsieler&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Bresnica]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bresnica&quot;&gt;Vide [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/268003452.pdf Historisches Ortsnamenbuch von Sachsen], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Beispiele hierfür sind Ortsnamen wie 11. Jh. ''Bresnica'' Prießnitz, (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Prießnitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Elsava]]
| 
| ''Elsava''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Gerstenbacum (Plissa)|Gerstenbacum Plissae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Gerstenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Plissa]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Gimmlitz]]
| 
| ''Gimmlitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Mulda Fribergensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MF&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Heimbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Heimbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Glatta (Rhenus)|Glatta Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Glatta&quot;&gt;Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo Helvetico apud {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Kossau]]
| 
| ''Kossau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Lacus Tresdorfensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Tresdorfensis&quot;&gt;Hoc de gentilicio, confer scientificum epithetum &quot;Tresdorfensis&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Kossau]]
|-
| [[Luppa (flumen)|Luppa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Luppa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luppe_(Fluss) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde 1216 als „Luppa fluvio“ erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Luppe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Sala (flumen)|Sala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Muda (flumen)|Muda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Billbach&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Mud'' seu ''Mudau'' seu ''Mudbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Net Guelpherbytense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Net Guelpherbytense&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) sursum usque Net (...)&quot;. Gentilicium &quot;Guelpherbytense&quot; ad [[Guelpherbytum]] refert.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Altenau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Ovacra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ovacra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Ohe Magnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Große&quot;&gt;Adiectivo &quot;magnus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Große&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Große Ohe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Ilissus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Osa (flumen)|Osa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Osa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oos_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Erstmals urkundlich erwähnt wird der Fluss im 9. Jahrhundert als ''Osa fluvio'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Oos'' seu ''Oosbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Murga (Nigra silva septentrionalis)|Murga Nigra silva septentrionalis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Purnitz]]
| 
| ''Purnitz'' seu ''Kleine Jeetze''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Iesne]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iesne&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Russella (Albis)|Russella Albis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Russella Albis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo apud {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Rossel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Schmalkalde]]
| 
| ''Schmalkalde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Weraha|Weraha Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Seidewitz (flumen)|Seidewitz]]
|
| ''Seidewitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Gotlavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gotlavia&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Smiehe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Smiehe&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Schmiech, die, l.z. Donau, entspringt oberhalb von Springen (Gundershofen, Stadt Schelklingen, AlbDonau-Kreis, B.-W., D) aus einer ergiebigen Karstquelle, mündet südlich von Ehingen (Alb-DonauKreis). – 1298 fluvium … Smiehe (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Schmiech''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Steina (Mogus Rufus)|Steina Mogi Rufi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Steina Calida&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex adiectivo &quot;calidus-a-um&quot; -Theodiscum adiectivum ''Warme'' vertente- et homonymo flumine Theodisce ''Steinach''. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Steina&amp;f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''].&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Warme Steinach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Mogus rufus|Mogus Rufus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Stillach]]
| 
| ''Stillach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hilaria&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Swarza Bavarica]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Swarza Bavarica&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo &quot;Swarza&quot;. Hoc de hydronymo ultimo, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzach_(Naab) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Bereits 1250 wurde die „Swarza“ erwähnt (...)&quot;. Gentilicum &quot;Bavaricus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum ''Bayerische'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Bayerische Schwarzach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Swarza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Swarza&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Trierbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Trierbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Tymanize]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Tymanize&quot;&gt;Vide [https://mvdok.lbmv.de/mjbrenderer?id=mvdok_document_00002845 Jahrbücher des Vereins für meklenburgische Geschichte und Alterthumskunde], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Temnitz, Bach bei Netzeband, 1232 super Tymanize fluuium  (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Temnitz'' seu ''Hellbach'' seu ''Sandfurthgraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Plane (flumen)|Plane]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Verse]]
| 
| ''Verse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Lena (Rura)|Lena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lena&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Waldaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Waldaha&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) iuxta Waldaha (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Waldach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Nagalda (flumen)|Nagalda]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Warne]]
| 
| ''Warne''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Ovacra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ovacra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Wesebach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wesebach&quot;&gt;Confer [https://www.google.com/search?q=+%22Wesebach+et+campo+Gallendal+%22&amp;client=firefox-b-d&amp;sca_esv=a5db118e05c2ad26&amp;biw=1275&amp;bih=280&amp;ei=pZkCZ-SEMre7i-gP-JWo0Q8&amp;ved=0ahUKEwik6-nn9vmIAxW33QIHHfgKKvoQ4dUDCA8&amp;uact=5&amp;oq=+%22Wesebach+et+campo+Gallendal+%22&amp;gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiHyAiV2VzZWJhY2ggZXQgY2FtcG8gR2FsbGVuZGFsICJIpzdQ6QNY6xhwAXgAkAEAmAG4AaABmwqqAQMwLjm4AQPIAQD4AQL4AQGYAgGgAsQBwgIFECEYoAGYAwCIBgGSBwMwLjGgB8wI&amp;sclient=gws-wiz-serp hos exitūs] e [[Google|Gugulā]], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Wesebach et campo Gallendal et termini earum der Speyrer Domkirche (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Wesebach'' seu ''Wese''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Adrana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrana&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Ziethe]]
| 
| ''Ziethe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 25
| [[Fona]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|}

===Flumina inter 24 et 20 chiliometra longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 24 et 20 chiliometra aut amplius longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Affata]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Affata&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afte#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Erstbeleg von 1306 lautet ''inter fluvium Affatam'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Afte'' seu ''Wiele''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Almana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Berentraph (flumen)|Berentraph]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Berentraph&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferndorf_(Kreuztal)#Geschichte articulum de hoc oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Erstmals urkundlich erwähnt wurde der Ort unter dem Namen „Berentraph“ bereits 1067 und ist somit einer der ältesten Orte des Siegerlandes (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ferndorfbach'' seu ''Ferndorf''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Sega]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Brenza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Brenza&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...)  Brettenbach r.z. Elz (z. Rhein) (...) super fluvium Brancia, (1143) aquam Bretten (...) super fluvium Brenze, lich), /br˛edebax/, 1317–41 an der Brettennun, iuxta (um 774, Original) super fluvium Brancia, (1143) aquam Bretten, (...) prope fluvium Brenza (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Brancia&lt;ref name=&quot;Brenza&quot;/&gt; seu Bretten&lt;ref name=&quot;Brenza&quot;/&gt; seu Brenze&lt;ref name=&quot;Brenza&quot;/&gt;
| ''Brettenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Helzaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Helzaha&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Chivirinis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chivirinis&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kieferbach#Namensdeutung hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Bach tritt im 13. Jh. mit der Form ''ad locum … Chivirinis Ursprinch'' („Quelle des Kieferbachs“) erstmals urkundlich in Erscheinung (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Kieferbach'' seu ''Thierseer Ache'' seu ''Klausbach'' seu ''Klausenbach'' 
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Dellina]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dellina&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalke#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die erste urkundliche Erwähnung des Flusses stammt aus dem Jahr 1001. Die „Dellina“ bzw. „Delchana“ bildete die Grenze des Paderborner Forstbannes (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Delchana
|''Dalke'' seu ''Dalkebach'' seu ''Bullerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Dietsulze]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dietsulze&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietzh%C3%B6lze#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 1048 noch als Dietsulze bezeichnet, wurde der Name in der Neuzeit zu Dietzhölze umgedeutet (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Dietsulza&lt;ref name=&quot;Dietsulza&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Kyrorsum Dietsulzam (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Dietzhölze''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Dillena]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Erlenbacum Bieringenense|Erlenbacum Bieringenense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bieringen&quot;&gt;Gentilicium &quot;Bieringense&quot; ad oppidum Bieringen refertur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Erlenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Fehntjer Tief]]
| 
| ''Fehntjer Tief''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Gohbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Gohbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Gundbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Gundbach'' seu ''Hengstbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Rivulus Niger Ginsheimensis Rhenanus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivulus Niger&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Herloga]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Herloga&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harle_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss tritt in dem Gaunamen ''pagus Herloga'' um das Jahr 1100 erstmals urkundlich in Erscheinung (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Harle''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Mare Germanicum]]
| [[Herloga]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Herloga&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hlunia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hlunia&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenne_(Weser)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde im Jahr 1007 als ''in Hluniam'' zum ersten Mal schriftlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Lenne''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Klingengraben (Vutahe)|Klingengraben Vutahense]]
| 
|''Klingengraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Vutahe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Vutahe&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lockwitzbacum (Albis)|Lockwitzbacum Albis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Lockwitzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Lungwitzbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Lungwitzbach'' seu ''Lungwitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Maior Strigus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Maior Striguz&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Striguz&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Strigucz&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Kleine Striegis''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Stregus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Stregus&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Nassaha (Moenus)|Nassaha Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nassaha&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex homonymo oppido. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Nassach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Pleisa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Pleisa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleisbach#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Das Gewässer wurde im Jahr 948 als ''pleisa'' erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Pleisbach'' seu ''Pleissbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Sega]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Praitahe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Praitahe&quot;&gt;Vide [https://texte.volare.vorarlberg.at/viewer/fulltext/VLB0067946/133/ Der Mittelberg. Geschichte, Landes- und Volkskunde des ehemaligen gleichnamigen Gerichtes], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Hinc sursum per illud flumen ilara usque ad ostium praitahe (Breitach.) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Breitach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hilaria&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Rota (Redniz)|Rota Rednizensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rota Rednizensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymis oppidis Theodisce ''Roth''. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
|''Roth''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Redniz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Scaflenze (Iages)|Scaflenze Iagis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Scaflenze Iagis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo apud [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Oberrot&amp;f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch].&lt;/ref&gt;
| Scaflenzen Iagis&lt;ref name=&quot;Scaflenze Iagis&quot;/&gt; seu Scaflenza Iagis&lt;ref name=&quot;Scaflenze Iagis&quot;/&gt;
| ''Schefflenz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Surdafalacha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Surdafalacha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietzh%C3%B6lze#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Unterlauf wird 793 als Surdafalacha (lat. surda ='die Taube') erstmals urkundlich genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Fallbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Kincicha]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wickera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Wykara&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wickere&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Wickerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wisilaffa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wisilaffa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wieslauf#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Wieslauf wird 1027 als ''Wisilaffa'' erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Wieslauf''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Remisus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Remisus&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wiske]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Wisicher&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wisicheim&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wisicha&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wiseche&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wiseke&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wyseche&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Wieseck''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 24
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;&gt;{{Murray}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Achaza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Achaza&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echaz#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird 938 als Achaza erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Echaz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Alara Parva]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alara Parva&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine maiore. Cui ultimo, vide articulum [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aller_(Germany) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Anglicam], ubi dicitur &quot;The river's name, which was recorded in 781 as ''Alera'', in 803 as ''Elera'', in 1096 as ''Alara'' (...)&quot;. Adiectivo &quot;parvus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Kleine&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Alera Parva&lt;ref name=&quot;Alara Parva&quot;/&gt; seu Elera Parva&lt;ref name=&quot;Alara Parva&quot;/&gt;
| ''Kleine Aller''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Alinde]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alinde&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elte_(Fluss)#Namen hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der erste Namensbeleg ist ''Alinde'' (1014) und im späteren Mittelalter wird er als „ellna“ bezeichnet (...) wurde erstmals 1075 „in Elenen“ erwähnt. 1121 war bereits von einer „capella in Elnde“ die Rede. 1138 wurde er als „Elendi“ und 1304 als „in Elende“ benannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Ellna&lt;ref name=&quot;Alinde&quot;/&gt; seu Elenen&lt;ref name=&quot;Alinde&quot;/&gt; seu Elnde&lt;ref name=&quot;Alinde&quot;/&gt; seu Elendi&lt;ref name=&quot;Alinde&quot;/&gt; seu Elende&lt;ref name=&quot;Alinde&quot;/&gt;
| ''Elte''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Weraha|Weraha Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Ambera]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| Ambra&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| ''Ammer''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Boda Calida]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Boda Calida&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex adiectivo &quot;calidus-a-um&quot; -Theodiscum adiectivum ''Warme'' vertente- et homonymo flumine Theodisce ''Bode''. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Warme Bode''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Boda]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Garthe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Garthe&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garte#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die ''Garte'' wird im Jahr 1325 erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (meatus fluuij … ''Garthe'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Garte''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Layna]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Gisala]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Meibom 1688&quot;&gt;Meibom, Henrico, auctore (1688); ''Rerum Germanicarum Scriptores''. Helmaestadii: Typis &amp; sumtibus Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Geysla&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Geizle&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu [[Geisla]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Geisel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Klia]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Henne (flumen)|Henne]]
| 
|''Henne''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Rura]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Holzape]]
| 
| ''Holzape''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Dimel]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dimel&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Hombacum (Othmunda)|Hombacum Othmundae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Hombach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Othmunda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ochtum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Iachna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iachna&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jachen#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss Jachen wird 1313 als Jachna (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Jachen''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Isara (Bavaricus)|Isara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Iazaha (Fuldaha)|Iazaha Fuldahae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iazaha Fuldahae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo. Homonymo de flumine, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jossa_(Sinn)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde ursprünglich Jazaha&lt;sup&gt;[6]&lt;/sup&gt;und später Jos&lt;sup&gt;[7]&lt;/sup&gt; genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Jossa''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Lara (23 km)|Lara]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Lohr''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Medemahem]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Medemahem&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medem_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung gab es im Jahr 860 als ''Medemahem'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Medem''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Niusta]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Niusta&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCst#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde 980 als ''Niusta'' erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Nüst''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Huna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Huna&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Sehma (flumen)|Sehma]]
| 
| ''Sehma''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Schapa (flumen)|Schapa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schapa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Steinebacum (Chinzechun)|Steinebacum Chinzechunis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Steinebach'' seu ''Steinaubach'' seu ''Steineaubach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Chinzechun]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Umlach]]
| 
|''Umlach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Riussaia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Riussaia&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Uotenbach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Outenbach&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odenbach_(Glan)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der namensgleiche Ort Odenbach wurde 841 als Uotenbach erstmals urkundlich genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Odenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Glan Navae&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wickriede]]
| 
| ''Wickriede''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 23
| [[Owe Magnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Magnum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Ascafa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ascafa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aschaff#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der ursprüngliche Name Ascafa (980) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Aschaff''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Awinpach (Lara)|Awinpach Larae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Awinpach Larae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''].&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Aubach'' seu ''Wiesenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Lara (23 km)|Lara]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Bibers]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bibers&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibers#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(„in ripa … Bibers“) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Bibers''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Cochera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cochera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Blavius]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Blau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Bomlitz]]
| 
| ''Bomlitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Böhme (flumen)|Böhme]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Dickelsbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Dickelsbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Elbena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elbena&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elbbach_(Sieg) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''usque in Elbenam'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Elbbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Sega]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Endert]]
| 
| ''Endert'' seu ''Endertbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Mosella (flumen)|Mosella]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Finkenbacum (Laxbacum)|Finkenbacum Laxbacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Finkenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Laxbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Fliedina]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fliedina&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fliede#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) In den ersten schriftlichen Erwähnungen aus dem 9. Jahrhundert wird der Fluss ''Fliedina'' genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Fliede''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Geysaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Geysaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geisbach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Erstmals schriftlich genannt wird der ''Geisbach'' in einer gefälschten Urkunde, die vor dem Jahr 1057 erstellt wurde. In dieser wird der Fluss als ''Geysaha'' bezeichne (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Geisbach'' seu ''Geis''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Grintahe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Gerffe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Grintiffa&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Grintafo&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Grintafus&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Grintafum&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Grintifa&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Grenff'' seu ''Grenf''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Sualmanaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sualmanaha&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt; 
|-
| [[Hiedraha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hiedraha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idarbach_(Nahe)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung fand im Jahr 897 (''Hiedraha'') statt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Idarbach'' seu ''Idar''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius II 1898&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Iatha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iatha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jade_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Das Wort ''Jade'' (1314: ''Jatha'') ist schwer zu deuten (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Jade''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Sinus Iathae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iatha&quot;/&gt;
| [[Iatha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iatha&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Kropsbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Kropsbach'' seu ''Krebsbach'' seu ''Altenbach'' seu ''Mühlbachgraben'' seu ''Schlaggraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Spira (Rhenus)|Spira Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Spira&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lamma]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lamma&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamme_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die erste schriftliche Nennung erfolgte im Jahr 1065 als ''Lamma'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Lamme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Indistra]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Indistra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Lee (Vidrus)|Lee]]
| 
| ''Lee'' seu ''Kleine Lee&quot;
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Vidrus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Lacus Yssel]]
|-
| [[Livianum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Livianum&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leibi#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name geht wohl auf einen römischen Ortsnamen Līviānum mit der Bedeutung (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Leibi''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Longna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Longna&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laugna_(Fluss)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der ursprüngliche keltische Name „Longna“ wurde von den römischen Besatzern (15 v. Chr.) übernommen.[3] Um 890 wird der Fluss als ''Logena'' erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Logena
|''Laugna''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Duria (Danubius)|Duria Danubii]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Duria&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Lutra (Bunaha)|Lutra Bunahae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutra&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Lauter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Bunaha (flumen)|Bunaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bunaha&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Malefinkbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Malefinkbach'' seu ''Malefink''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Mittweida Magna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Große&quot;&gt;Adiectivo &quot;magnus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Große&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Große Mittweida'' seu ''Mitteweida''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Nigra Aqua (Mulda Zviccaviensis)|Nigra Aqua Muldae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nigra Aqua&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Morre (Billbach)|Morre]]
| 
| ''Morre'' seu ''Saubach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Billbach (Muda)|Billbach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Billbach&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Mota (flumen)|Mota]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mota&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehe#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 786 wird der Fluss als ''Motam'' erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Mehe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Osta (flumen)|Osta]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Murga (Nigra silva meridionalis)|Murga Nigra Silvae Meridionalis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| 
|''Murg'' seu ''Hauensteiner Murg'' seu ''Obere Murg'' seu ''Murgbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Na de Owe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Na de Owe&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostenau#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Die ersten schriftlichen Namensbelege des Gewässers sind „na de Owe“ (1512) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ostenau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Arle&quot;/&gt;
| [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Arle&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Natergowe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Natergowe&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notter_(Unstrut)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Flussname erscheint erstmals im Jahr 997 als Gauname ''Natergowe'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Notter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Onestrudis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Onestrudis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Nava (Schleuse)|Nava Schleusensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nava Schleusensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo Rhenano. Hoc de ultimo, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahe_(Rhein) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Die '''Nahe''' (lateinisch ''Nava'', ursprünglich keltisch ''Wilder Fluss'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Nahe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Schleuse]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Nigra Aqua (Presnitz)|Nigra Aqua Presnitzensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nigra Aqua Presnitzensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo Helvetico. Cui ultimo, vide [https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/000914/2016-09-26/ Neirivue], ubi dicitur &quot;Ehemalige politische Gemeinde FR, Bezirk Greyerz, am linken Saaneufer. 2002 mit Albeuve, Lessoc und Montbovon zur neuen Gemeinde Haut-Intyamon fusioniert. 1277 ''Nigra aqua'', früher dt. ''Schwarzwasser'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Schwarzwasser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Presnitz (flumen)|Presnitz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Presnitz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Nyeste]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Nieste''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Radaha Fera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radaha Fera&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}. Adiectivo &quot;ferus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Wilde&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Wilde Rodach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Radaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rotbacum (Rhenus)|Rotbacum Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Rotbach'' seu ''Vennbach'' seu ''Ebersbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rotina (Mulda Zviccaviensis)|Rotina Muldae Zviccaviensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rotina Muldae Zviccaviensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis ex hydronymis &quot;Rotina&quot; seu &quot;Rotene&quot;. His de hydronymis, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Rödelbach Steinach (Lkr. Sonneberg, Thüringen, D), mündet in Rödental (Lkr. Coburg, Bayern). – /rü5dn/, ON. Mönchröden (Stadt Rödental, Lkr. Coburg), 1108 (Kopie 12. Jh.) Rotina, 1171 Rotene (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Rotene Muldae Zviccaviensis
| ''Rödelbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Savus Ferus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Savus Ferus&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex paronymo flumine etymologice relato [[Savus|Savo]] seu Sao. Cui ultimo, vide [[:de:Wilde Sau (Fluss)#Name]], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name ist wahrscheinlich slawischen Ursprungs, was auch die Namen benachbarter Elbezuflüsse nahelegen. Es könnte dieselbe sprachliche Wurzel wie bei dem Donauzufluss Sava/Save zugrunde liegen (...)&quot;. &quot;Savus&quot; est versio Latina Theodisci hydronymi ''Save''. Adiectivo &quot;parvus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum ''Kleine'' vertiturAdiectivo &quot;ferus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Wilde&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Saus Ferus&lt;ref name=&quot;Savus Ferus&quot;/&gt;
| ''Wilde Sau'' seu ''Saubach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Sechta Unterschneidheimensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Unterschneidheimensis&quot;&gt;Gentilicium &quot;Unterschneidheimensis&quot; ad oppidum [[Unterschneidheim]] refertur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Schneidheimer Sechta''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Agira (Werenza)|Agira Werenzae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Agira&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Radiantia)|Seebacum Radiantiae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Canalis inter Moenum et Danubium]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Steinhaha (Neckarsteinach)|Steinhaha Neckarsteinachensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Steinaha Neckarsteinachensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Steinach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sulaha (Weraha)|Sulaha Werahae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sulaha&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Suhl, l.z. Werra (...)  in fluvium Sulaha (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Suhl''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Weraha|Weraha Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Sydene]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Siede''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Owe Magnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Magnum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Watter]]
| 
|''Watter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Tuistina (Dimel)|Tuistina]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Wida (Zurrega)|Wida Zurregae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Wieda''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Zurrega (flumen)|Zurrega]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Zaberkou]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Zabernahgouwe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Zabernogovi&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Zaberenkowe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Zaber''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 22
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ahbacum (Ara)|Ahbacum Arae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| Alia nomina
| ''Ahbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ana (flumen)|Ána]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ana&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahne_(Fulda)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Der Erstbeleg des Namens stammt aus dem Jahr 1154 ''fluvium Ána'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Ahne'' seu ''Ahna'' seu ''Ahnabach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Ardaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ardaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aar_(Dill)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Im Althochdeutschen noch als Ardaha (Erwähnung 856) bezeichnet, (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Aar''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Dillena]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Asdorfium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-dorf&quot;&gt;Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato &quot;-dorfium-i&quot;, quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Asdorf'' seu ''Asdorfer Bach'' seu ''Weibe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Sega]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Beke]]
| 
|''Beke''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Warnou]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Warnou&quot;/&gt;
| [[Warnou]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Warnou&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Beysa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Beysa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beise_(Fulda)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird 1521 erstmals urkundlich genannt (''Beysa'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Beise'' seu ''Beisebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Chinzechun Parvum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun Parvum&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinzig_(Rhein)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 1099: ''ad Chinzechun; ad aliam Chinzichun''[6] 1128: ''flumen'' [Fluss] ''Kinzicha, flumen Kynzichun, ad aliam Kynzicham'' (...)&quot; Adiectivo &quot;parvus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Kleine&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Chinzichun Parvum&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun Parvum&quot;/&gt; seu Kinzicha Parva&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun Parvum&quot;/&gt; seu Kynzichun Parvum&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun Parvum&quot;/&gt; seu Kynzicha Parva&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun Parvum&quot;/&gt;
|''Kleine Kinzig'' seu ''Reinerzau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Chinzechun]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Demester]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Demester&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emster_Kanal#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die mittelalterlichen Bezeichnungen für das Gewässer waren ''Demester'' (1351), ''Dempstar'' (1374), ''Demster'' (1380) und ''deinster'' (1441/45) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Dempstar seu Demster seu Deinster
|''Emster Kanal'' seu ''Emster Gewässer'' seu ''Emster''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Habala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Elsanpah]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Elsinpah&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Elsenbach&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Elsenpach&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Elsinbach&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Kaiserbach'' seu ''Kappelbach'' seu ''Elsenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Clingbacus (Michelsbacum)|Clingbacus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Kremer 1769&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Gilse]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Gilsa''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Sualmanaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sualmanaha&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Kerkerbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Kerkerbach'' seu ''Hüttenbach'' seu ''Fensterbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lossa (Mulda)|Lossa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Lossa''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Mulda|Mulda Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Muche]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Muche&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauch_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird 1293 als Muche erstmals urkundlich erwähn (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Mauch''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Agira (Werenza)|Agira Werenzae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Agira&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Nau]]
| 
|''Nau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Odeborn]]
|
| ''Odeborn''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Adrana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrana&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Phiopha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Phiopha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfieffe_(Fulda)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der gleichnamige Ort Pfieffe wird 1037 als ''Phiopha'' erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Pfieffe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Pöhlwasser]]
| 
|''Pöhlwasser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Mittweida Magna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Große&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Prime]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Prime&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prim_(Neckar)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...)  („iuxta aquam … Prime“) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Prim''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Radau]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radau&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radau_(Fluss)#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...)  Erwähnt wurde der Fluss 1308 bzw. 1325 als ''Radowe'', 1570 als ''Radow'', 1578 als ''Radaw'' und ebenfalls 1578 als ''Radau'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Radowe seu Radow seu Radaw
|''Radau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Ovacra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ovacra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Rodawe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Rodau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Withaa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Rotach (Werenza)|Rotach Werenzae]]
| 
| ''Rotach'' seu ''Rotbach'' seu ''Rothach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Werenza]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Ruda (flumen)|Ruda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ruda&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rauda_(Fluss) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...)  Das Gewässer wurde im Jahr 1266 als ''Ruda'' erstmals schriftlich genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Rauda''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Alestra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alestra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Rysele]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rysele&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aa_(Nethe)#Historische_Namen hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Die ''Aa'' hatte im Mittelalter den Namen ''Riesel''. So erscheint sie in ihrem ersten schriftlichen Beleg von 1326 als „in fluvius … Rysele“, (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Aa''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Nethe (Visurgis)|Nethe]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Sall (flumen)|Sall]]
| 
|''Sall''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Cochera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cochera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sulzaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Solza&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Sulza&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Solz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Suntraha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Suntraha&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...)  Sontra (Werdorf, synkopiert &gt; *Sorsdorf, vereinfacht &gt; *S¯osdorf. – ra-Meißner-Kreis), 1232 Suntraha, 1269 Suntrahe, Sperber, HG.A.5, S. 90. 1271 Sunthra, 1273 Suntra (und weitere Belege), 14. Jh. Sontra (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Suntrahe&lt;ref name=&quot;Suntraha&quot;/&gt; seu Sunthra&lt;ref name=&quot;Suntraha&quot;/&gt; seu Suntra&lt;ref name=&quot;Suntraha&quot;/&gt; seu Sontra&lt;ref name=&quot;Suntraha&quot;/&gt;
|''Sontra''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Wehre (Weraha)|Wehre Werahae]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Terueke]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Terueke&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarpenbek#Namensherkunft hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die ältesten überlieferten urkundlichen Erwähnungen des Gewässers sind ''Terueke'' (1245 und 1263), ''Terveke'' (1266) und ''Terweke'' (1325), was sich über ''Tarwe'' zu ''Tarpe'' entwickelte (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Terveke&lt;ref name=&quot;Terueke&quot;/&gt; seu Terweke&lt;ref name=&quot;Terueke&quot;/&gt;
|''Tarpenbek''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Alstria]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Thidela]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Thidela&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deilbach#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Die ersten schriftlichen Belege des Deilbachs sind Thidela (875) und Thithelam (11. Jh.) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Thithela&lt;ref name=&quot;Thidela&quot;/&gt;
|''Deilbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Rura]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Trotzbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Trotzbach'' seu ''Schledde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Lupia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wissaha (Tegarinseo)|Wissaha Tegarinseonensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wissaha&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Wissha&lt;ref name=&quot;Wissaha&quot;/&gt;
|''Weißach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 21
| [[Tegarinseo]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Tegernsee&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tegernsee#Namensgebung hoc de lacū apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name des Sees ist erstmals in der Form Tegarinseo aus dem Jahr 796 überliefert, als die fürstlichen Brüder Oatkar und Adalbert ein Kloster am tegarin seo, das ist althochdeutsch und heißt großer See, gründeten (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Bada (Wippera)|Bada Wipperae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bada&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bode_(Wipper)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;Der Erstbeleg ist aus dem Jahr 749 (''Bada'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Bode''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Wippera (Onestrudis)|Wippera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wippera Onestrudis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Barnitz]]
| 
|''Barnitz'' seu ''Sult''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Horbinstenon]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Beste&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beste hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Urkundlich wurde der Fluss erstmals bereits 1075 als ''Horbinstenon'' in einer Beschreibung des Limes Saxoniae erwähnt (...) Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung des Flusses fand 1263 als ''Bestene'' statt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Trabena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Grobion]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Grob&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Verlorenwasser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Buckau]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Hora (Aphilste)|Hora Aphilstensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Ora Aphilstensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Ohra''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Aphilste]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Hospira]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hospira&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hochspeyerbach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der mittelalterliche Name ''Hospira'' des Hochspeyerbachs ist bereits im 10. Jahrhundert nachgewiesen; er leitete sich möglicherweise vom Speyerbach (''Spira, Spiraha'') ab (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Spiraha
|''Hochspeyerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Spira (Rhenus)|Spira Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Spira&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; 
|-
| [[Huttenbacum (Naba)|Huttenbacum Nabae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Hüttenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Naba]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Ieckenbacus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Widder 1786&quot;&gt;Widder, J. G. (1786). ''Versuch einer vollständigen Geographisch-Historischen Beschreibung der Kurfürstlichen Pfalz am Rheine''.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Gekkinbach&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius I 1898&quot;&gt;Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Die Herrschaften des unteren Nahegebietes: Der Nahegau und seine Umgebung''. [[Bonna]]e: Behrendt; et: Fabricius, W. (1898). ''Die Herrschaften des unteren Nahegebietes: Erläuterungen zum geschichtlichen Atlas der Rheinprovinz''. Behrend &amp; Co.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Geckenbach&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius I 1898&quot;/&gt;
|''Jeckenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Glan Navae&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Iutraha (Rhenus)|Iutraha Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iutraha Rheni&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itter_(Neckar)#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die ''Itter'' wird im Jahr 628 (''Iutraha'') erstmals urkundlich erwähnt. Der Name enthielt ursprünglich die Endung -aha, was für „Fließgewässer“ steht.  (...)&quot; et {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Itter'' seu ''Itterbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lahe (flumen)|Lahe]]
| 
|''Lahe'' seu ''Große Aue''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Soeste]]
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Maurine]]
| 
| ''Maurine''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Stepenitz (Trabena)|Stepenitz Trabenae]]
| [[Trabena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Netha|Netha Hassae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Netha Hassae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nette_(Innerste)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 1149 wurde der Fluss als „iuxta Netham“ erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Nette''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Hassa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hassa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Oese (Hune)|Oese]]
| 
|''Oese'' seu ''Gelmecke'' seu ''Heppingser Bach'' seu ''Sundwiger Bach'' seu ''Hemer-Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Hune]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hune&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Pernaffa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Pernaffa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perf hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Erstmals urkundlich erwähnt wird der Fluss im Jahre 913 als ''Pernaffa'', und er gab dem Perfgau (''pagus Pernaffa'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Perf''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;&gt;{{Murray}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rotbacum (Dreisima)|Rotbacum Dreisimae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Rotbach'' seu ''Zartenbach'' seu ''Löffeltalbach'' seu ''Höllenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Dreisima]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dreisima&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sechta Rohilingenensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rohilingenensis&quot;&gt;Gentilicium &quot;Rohilingenensis&quot; ad Rohilingen refertur. Hoc de toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6hlingen#Geschichte eius articulum apud Vicipaaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''in vico Rohilingen'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Röhlinger Sechta'' seu ''Sechta''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sulza (Albis)|Sulza Albis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sulza&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ON. Sülze (Stadt Rösrath, Rheinisch-Bergiae. ge-sod ‘Gericht’, as. soth ‘Fleischbrühe’, afr. scher Kreis), mündet nach 24,7km bei Lohmar soth ‘Brühe’, ahd. ki-sod ‘Gericht’), metaphorische (Rhein-Sieg-Kreis, NRW). – 1182 molendina in Sulza (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Sülze''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Ziese]]
|
|''Ziese''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 20
| [[Lutense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutense&quot;/&gt;
| [[Penus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|}

===Flumina inter 19 et 15 chiliometra longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina inter 19 et 15 chiliometra aut amplius longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Aha Rordorfensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aha Rordorfensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783258481142_A43727966/preview-9783258481142_A43727966.pdf FLüsse der Alpen: Vielfalt in Natur und Kultur]. Gentilicio &quot;Rordorfensis-e&quot; ad [[Rodorfium]] (Theodisce ''Rodorf'') refertur. Cui ultimo toponymo, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohrdorf_(am_Inn)#Geschichte hoc de oppido apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Erstmals urkundlich erwähnt wurde Rohrdorf 788 in der Notitia Arnonis, einer Aufstellung aller Güter und Besitzungen der Kirche Salzburg auf herzoglich-bayerischem Gebiet anlässlich der Eingliederung Bayerns in das Frankenreich Karls des Großen. Darin genannt sind auch die beiden heute eingemeindeten Dörfer Höhenmoos und Lauterbach, die seinerzeit ebenfalls bereits Kirchdörfer waren. Die damaligen Ortsbezeichnungen lauteten: Rordorf, (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Rohrdorfer Achen'' seu ''Achen'' seu ''Weißenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Aenus (flumen)|Aenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Alnaha (flumen)|Alnaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Allanaher&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Alnahe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Allna''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;&gt;{{Murray}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Aqua Mutinensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aqua Mutinensis&quot;&gt;Nomine &quot;Aqua&quot; Theodiscum nomen ''Wasser'' et gentilicio &quot;Mutinensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium &quot;Mutzschener&quot; vertitur. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Mutzschener Wasser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Mulda|Mulda Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Audan (Layna)|Audan Laynae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Aue''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Layna]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Bastauwe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Bastau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Fintau]]
| 
| ''Fintau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Wemma]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Hanfpach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Hanfbach'' seu ''Irmerother Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Sega]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Humme]]
| 
| ''Humme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Iutraha (Dimel)|Iutraha Dimelensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iutraha Dimelensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Itter'' seu ''Itterbach'' seu ''Itterbecke''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Dimel]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dimel&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Lisba (flumen)|Lisba]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Lisburnensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Liese''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Hassenbeck]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hassenbeck&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lutra (Itessa)|Lutra Itessae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutra&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Lauter'' seu ''Lauterbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Itessa]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Metime|Metimé]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Metime&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mettma#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Das Gewässer wurde 1111 als ''fluvii Metimé'' erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Mettma''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Schlucht]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Muglbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| Mohelnský seu Mohelenský
|''Muglbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Wundreb (flumen)|Wundreb]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wundreb&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Munzbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Münzbach'' seu ''Loßnitzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Mulda Fribergensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MF&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Orpe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Urppe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Orpe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Dimel]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dimel&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Owe Parvum Radense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Parvum Radense&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot;. De hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot; vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)&quot;. Adiectivo &quot;parvum&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Kleine&quot; vertitur. Gentilicium &quot;Radense&quot; ad [[Radena]]m refertur; hoc de toponymo, vide: Büsching, A. F. (1768). ''A New System of Geography: Containing a Particular Description of the Quarters of the World''. Londinii: T. Lowndes; hoc de gentilicio, vide: Binterim, A. J., &amp; Mooren, J. H. (1830). ''Die alte und neue Erzdiözese Köln in ihrer ehemaligen Ausdehnung''. Simon Müller.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Audan Parvum Radense&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Parvum Radense&quot;/&gt;
| ''Kleine Aue''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Owe Magnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Magnum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Ramme (flumen)|Ramme]]
| 
| ''Ramme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Osta (flumen)|Osta]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Rota (Ambra)|Rota Ambrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rota Ambrae&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rott_(Amper)#Namensherkunft hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Rott wird um 1065 in der Wessobrunner Gründungslegende als ''Rota'' bezeugt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Rott'' seu ''Rottgraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Sorpe (Röhr)|Sorpe Röhrense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sorpe&quot;&gt;Vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 1307 iuxta rivum … Sorpe (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Suropo Röhrensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Suropo&quot;/&gt; seu Sorbece Röhrense&lt;ref name=&quot;Suropo&quot;/&gt; seu Sorp Röhrense&lt;ref name=&quot;Suropo&quot;/&gt;
| ''Sorpe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Röhr]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sule (flumen)|Sule]]
|
| ''Sule''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Owe Magnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Magnum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Wilstra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Wilstera&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wilstere&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wilstria&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Wilsterau'' seu ''Wilster Au''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Stora]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Zahme Gera]]
|
| [[Zahme Gera]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 19
| [[Hiera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hiera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Aha Berchtesgadenensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aha Berchtesgadenensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783258481142_A43727966/preview-9783258481142_A43727966.pdf FLüsse der Alpen: Vielfalt in Natur und Kultur]. Gentilicium &quot;Berchtesgadenensis-e&quot; ad [[Berchtesgaden]] refertur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Albe Berchtesgadenense&lt;ref name=&quot;Albe Berchtesgadenense&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berchtesgadener_Ache hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Um 1815 wurde der Fluss noch als ''Albe'' (...)&quot;. Gentilicium &quot;Berchtesgadenensis-e&quot; ad [[Berchtesgaden]] refertur.&lt;/ref&gt;
|''Berchtesgadener Ache'' seu ''Königsseeache'' seu ''Alm'' seu ''Almbach'' seu ''Albe'' seu ''Niedere Al
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Salzaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Ahle (Schwülme)|Ahle Schwülmense]]
| 
|''Ahle''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Schwülme]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Armuthsbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Armuthsbach'' seu ''Armutsbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Baarbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Baarbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Rura]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Bahra (Gotlaviae)|Bahra Gotlaviae]]
| 
|''Bahra''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Gotlavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gotlavia&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Bekena (Lupia)|Bekena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bekena&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beke_(Lippe)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird im Mittelalter als ''Bekena'' bezeichnet (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Beke''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Lupia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Belina (Albis)|Belina Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| 
|''Biela''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Boteburon]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Boteburon&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottwar#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Es wird angenommen, dass der Name des Flusses von dem der Stadt Großbottwar abgeleitet ist, der bereits im Jahr 779 als ''Boteburon'' und 873 als ''Bodibura'' erwähnt wird. Erstmals 1260 wird der Fluss urkundlich ''Botebor'' genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Bodibura&lt;ref name=&quot;Boteburon&quot;/&gt; seu Botebor&lt;ref name=&quot;Boteburon&quot;/&gt;
| ''Bottwar'' seu ''Auklingenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Murrensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murrensis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Brugga (Dreisima)|Brugga Dreisimae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Nomen Theodiscum''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Dreisima]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dreisima&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Diesse]]
| 
|''Dieße'' seu ''Diesse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Ilmede]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilmede&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Frioda (Weraha)|Frioda Werahae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Frieda''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Weraha|Weraha Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Gelster]]
| 
|''Gelster''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Weraha|Weraha Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Hasalaha (Mintela)|Hasalaha Mintelae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hasalaha Mintelae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymo e hydronymo. Hoc de hydronymo, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasel_(Werra)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird im Jahr 824 als Hasalaha erstmals schriftlich genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Hasel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Mintela]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Helere]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Helere&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haller_(Fluss)#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Schreibung: Helere (10.–11. Jahrhundert) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Haller''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Layna]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Lesnitz Magnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lesnitz Magnum&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo urbe Theodisce ''Lößnitz''. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/268003452.pdf Historisches Ortsnamenbuch von Sachsen], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''Lößnitz''' Stadt nö. Aue; Aue-Schwarzenberg (AKr. Aue) (1238) K 1533 Fridericus de Lesnitz (...)&quot;. Adiectivo &quot;magnum&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Große&quot; vertitur&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Große Lößnitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Flöha]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Lutraha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutraha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCtter#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die ''Lütter'' wurde im Jahr 826 als ''Lutraha'' erstmals urkundlich genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Lütter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Owe Parvum Barenburgense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Parvum Barenburgense&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymis e hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot;. De hydronymis &quot;Owe&quot; et &quot;Audan&quot; vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Aue, Name mehrerer Flüsse im Einzugsgebiet von Leine, Unter- und Mittelweser und Unterer Elbe, z. B. Aue (z. Ammersbek z. Alster z. Elbe), 1263 ''ad riuulum, qui dicutur Owe'' (...) Aue, r.z. Leine, entspringt bei Westerhof (Lkr. Northeim, Niedersachsen, D), mündet bei Kreiensen (Lkr. Northeim). – 10. Jh. (Kopie 15. Jh.) ''in flumen Audan et sic per Audan,'' (...)&quot;. Adiectivo &quot;parvum&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Kleine&quot; vertitur. Gentilicium &quot;Barenburgense&quot; ad [[Barenburgum]] in [[Circulus Diepholz|Circulo Thefholte]] refertur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Audan Parvum Barenburgense&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Parvum Barenburgense&quot;/&gt;
| ''Kleine Aue''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Owe Magnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Magnum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Parthanus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Parthanum&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Partanus&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Partanum&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Partnach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Liubasa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Liubasa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Perlenbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Perlenbach'' seu ''Schwalmbach'' seu ''Perlbach'' 
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivulus Niger Klingengrabenensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivulus Niger&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Schwarzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Klingengraben (Vutahe)|Klingengraben Vutahense]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ranschgraben]]
| 
|''Ranschgraben'' seu ''Erbsengraben'' seu ''Waldgraben'' seu ''Bruchgraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Rehbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Raodhaha (Lein)|Raodhaha Leinensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Raodhaha Leinensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymis fluminibus. Quibus ultimis, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Oberrot&amp;f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch].&lt;/ref&gt;
| Rotaha Leinensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Raodhaha Leinensis&quot;/&gt; seu Rota Leinensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Raodhaha Leinensis&quot;/&gt;
|''Rot''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Lein (Cochera)|Lein]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rinne Königseense|Rinne Königseënse]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Königseënse&quot;&gt;Gentilicium &quot;Königseënse&quot; ad oppidum [[Königsee]] in [[Circulus terrae Salfeldensis et Rudolphopolitanus|Circulo Salfeldensi-Rudolphopolitano]] refertur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Königseer Rinne'' seu ''Rinne''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Schwarza (Sala)|Schwarza Salae]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Rivus Nonensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Nonensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium &quot;Nonensis-e&quot; ad oppidum [[Nona (Rhenania et Palatinatus)|Nonam]] refertur. Ultimo huic toponymo, vide: Browerus, C., &amp; Masenius, J. (1670). ''Antiquitatum et annalium Trevirensium libri XXV''. Henricus Dehmen; et: Browerus, C., &amp; Masenius, J. (1670). Antiquitatum et annalium Trevirensium libri XXV (Vol. 2). Coloniae Agrippinae: Joannis Wilhelmi Friessem.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Nohner Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Trierbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rohrbacum (Fuldaha)|Rohrbacum Fuldahae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rohrbacum Fuldahae&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Rohrbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Rohrbacum (Saravus)|Rohrbacum Saravi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rohrbacum Saravi&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Rohrbach'' seu ''Scheidter Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Saravus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Schweinitz]]
| Svídnice
|''Schweinitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Flöha]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Tribisa Parva]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Tribisa Parva&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Theodisce ''Triebisch'' dicto. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}. Adiectivo &quot;parvus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Kleine&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Kleine Triebisch''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Tribisa]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Tyra (flumen)|Tyra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Thira&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Thyra''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Helmana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Walhalben]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Walhalbin&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Walhalbe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Wallhalb'' seu ''Wallhalbe'' seu ''Wallalbe'' seu ''Wallalb''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Burchalben]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Burchalben&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Warnau]]
| 
| ''Warnau'' seu ''Schneebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Böhme (flumen)|Böhme]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Weiß (Sega)|Weiß]]
| 
|''Weiß'' seu ''Weißbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Sega]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wiesaz]]
| 
| ''Wiesaz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Steinlach]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wilisch (flumen)|Wilisch]]
| 
|''Wilisch''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Schapa (flumen)|Schapa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schapa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Wizmoin]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Wizmone&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wizmoune&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wizmoven&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Weismain''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wohlrose]]
| 
|''Wohlrose''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 18
| [[Ilmena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Aschbacum (Werma)|Aschbacum Wermae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Aschbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Werma]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Werma&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Augraben (Nebula)|Augraben Nebulae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Augraben Nebulae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo. Cui ultimo, vide [https://documente.bcucluj.ro/web/bibdigit/fg/BCUCLUJ_FG_115352_1907_004.pdf Ente Istorice], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) in rivulum, qui dicitur Augraben, et in rivulo (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Augraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Nebula (flumen Germanicum)|Nebula]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nebula&quot;/&gt;
| [[Warnou]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Warnou&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Biberaha (Kincicha)|Biberaha Kincichae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Biberaha Kincichae&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Bieber''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Kincicha]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Biberaha (Rotaha)|Biberaha Rotahae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Biberaha Rotahae&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Bieber'' seu ''Bieberbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Rotaha (Moenus)|Rotaha Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Boda Frigida]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Boda Frigida&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex adiectivo &quot;frigidus-a-um&quot; -Theodiscum adiectivum ''Kalte'' vertente- et homonymo flumine Theodisce ''Bode''. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Kalte Bode''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Boda]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Brombacum (Radentia)|Brombacum Radentiae]]
| 
| ''Brombach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Radentia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; 
|-
| [[Bruchbacum (Alara)|Bruchbacum Alarae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Bruchbach'' seu ''Wittbeck'' seu ''Heidbach'' seu ''Grobebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Alara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Aller&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Bruchgraben (Indistra)|Bruchgraben Indistrae]]
| 
| ''Bruchgraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Indistra]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Indistra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Ettebach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Etbach&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Epbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Oorana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Oorana&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Katzenbacum (Nicer)|Katzenbacum Niceri]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Katzenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lichte (flumen)|Lichte]]
| 
| ''Lichte''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Schwarza (Sala)|Schwarza Salae]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Natzschung]]
| Načetínský
| ''Natzschung'' seu ''Keilbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Flöha]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Ovenbach (Glan)|Ovenbach Glanense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ovenbach Glanense&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohmbach_(Glan)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der gleichnamige Ort Ohmbach wurde im Jahr 977 als ''Ouenbach'' erstmals schriftlich genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ohmbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Glan Navae&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rankbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Rankbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Vurmicus (Nagalda)|Vurmicus Nagaldae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Vurmicus Nagalda&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Salzbacum (Murga)|Salzbacum Murgae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Salzbach'' seu ''Kröppenbach'' seu ''Buchbach'' seu ''Blümmelbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Murga (Neoburgum)|Murga Neoburgensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murga NB&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Vretere]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Vretere&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fretterbach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) In den ersten urkundlichen Nennungen wird der Bach als Vretere (1338 und 1387) bezeichnet (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Fretterbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Lena (Rura)|Lena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lena&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Waginstat (flumen)|Waginstat]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Waginstat&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex valli homonymā. Latino de nomine huius vallis, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wagensteig#Geschichte articulum apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Ort wurde erstmals im Jahr 1125 als ''Waginstat'' erwähnt, wobei es sich hier um einen Personennamen handeln soll (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Wagensteigbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Dreisima]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dreisima&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wahlebacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Wahlebach'' seu ''Wahle'' seu ''Fahrenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Welpia (Alapa)|Welpia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wölpe&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Welepa&lt;ref name=&quot;Wölpe&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wilipia&lt;ref name=&quot;Wölpe&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wilepa&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wilippia&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wilpa&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wilipa&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Welpa&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Welipa&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Welepe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|''Wölpe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Alapa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alapa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Wilde (Adrana)|Wilde Adranae]]
| 
| ''Wilde'' seu ''Wölfte''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Adrana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrana&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Wuhle]]
| 
| ''Wuhle''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 17
| [[Spreha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Adenova]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Adenova&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenauer_Bach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde 992 als ''adenoua fluvius'' erstmals erwähnt, (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Adenauer Bach'' seu ''Breidscheider Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Bahre]]
| 
| ''Bahre''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Seidewitz (flumen)|Seidewitz]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Biberaha (Huna)|Biberaha Hunae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Biberaha Hunae&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Bieber''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Huna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Huna&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Buchenbacum (Moenus)|Buchenbacum Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Buchenbach'' seu ''Mühlbach'' seu ''Riedgraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Bünzau]]
|
| ''Bünzau'' seu ''Bünzer Au'' seu ''Bünzener Au''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Stora]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Charbach (Moenus)|Charbach Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Charbach Moeni&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e toponymo. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Argen&amp;f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 853 in loco ... Charbach, 1155 in Karebach, 13. Jh. Charebach (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Karebach seu Charebach
| ''Karbach'' seu ''Egerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Chemnitzbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Chemnitzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Mulda Fribergensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MF&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Daade]]
| 
| ''Daade'' seu ''Daadenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Helre]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Helre&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Eitarhaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Eitarhaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aitrach_(Donau)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name tritt im Jahr 770 in Form eines Gaunamens (''pago Eitrahuntal'') und 806 als Fluss selbst (''super fluvium Eitarhaha'') erstmals schriftlich in Erscheinung (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Eitrahuntal''&lt;ref name=&quot;Eitarhaha&quot;/&gt;
|''Aitrach'' seu ''Baaralb''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Elta (flumen)|Elta]]
| 
| ''Elta''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Ette (flumen)|Ette]]
| 
| ''Ette''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Espolde]]
| 
| ''Espolde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Layna]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Grümpen]]
| 
| ''Grümpen''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Itessa]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Kehlbacum (Andolfspach)|Kehlbacum Andolfspachense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Kehlbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Andolfspach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Andolfspach&quot;/&gt;
|  [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Lempe]]
| 
| ''Lempe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Esse (Dimel)|Esse Dimelis]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
|  [[Lutra (Murrensis)|Lutra Murrensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutra&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Lauter'' seu ''Spiegelberger Lauter'' seu ''Sommerlauter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Murrensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murrensis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lutra (Vilisa)|Lutra Vilisae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutra&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Lauter'' seu ''Degenfelder Lauter'' 
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Vilisa (Nicer)|Vilisa Niceri]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Marsbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Marsbach'' seu ''Morsbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Billbach (Muda)|Billbach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Billbach&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Oelsabacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Oelsabach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Rubrum Bistrice]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rubrum Bistrice&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Rigenbach (Glan)|Rigenbach Glanense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rigenbach&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suis ex homonymis fluminibus. Quibus ultimis, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Reichenbach&amp;f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''Reichenbach''', r.z. Fils (...) in Richenbach (...) '''Reichenbach''' (z. Simmerbach (...) usque in Rigen-bach, an Rigenbach deorsum (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Richenbach Glanense&lt;ref name=&quot;Rigenbach&quot;/&gt;
| ''Reichenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Glan Navae&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus Godesbergensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Godesbergensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium &quot;Godesbergensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium ''Godesberger'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Godesberger Bach'' seu ''Arzdorfer Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rottach (Hilaria, Rettenberg)|Rottach Hilariae Rettenbergense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rettenbergensis&quot;&gt;Gentilicium Latinum &quot;Rettenbergensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium ''Rettenberger'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Rottach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hilaria&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Saidenbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Saidenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Flöha]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Seltenbacum (Niceri)|Seltenbacum Niceri]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Seltenbach'' seu ''Sandegraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Suale]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Schwale''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Stora]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Trettach]]
| 
| ''Trettach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hilaria&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Welzbacum (Moenus)|Welzbacum Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Welzbach'' seu ''Pflaumbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ymene]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ymene&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ihme#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''supra aquam dictam Ymene'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ihme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Layna]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Zarow]]
| 
| ''Zarow''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 16
| [[Lacuna Stetinensis]]
| [[Zarow]]
|-
| [[Affeldrahe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Affalteren&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Affeltre&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Affeltere&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Effelder''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Itessa]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Alestra secunda|Alestra Secunda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alestra Secunda&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzbach_(Wei%C3%9Fe_Elster)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) (''1122 Alestra secunda, 1165 Helstre inferius'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Helstre Inferius&lt;ref name=&quot;Alestra Secunda&quot;/&gt;
| ''Schwarzbach'' seu ''Kleine Elster''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Alestra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alestra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Amlake]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Amlake&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmelke hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung der Emmelke war 1185 als ''Amlake'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Emmelke''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Medemahem]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Medemahem&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Angere (Ambra)|Angere Ambrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Angere Ambrae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e fluvio Angere Rheni. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch'']&lt;/ref&gt;
| Angeren Ambrae&lt;ref name=&quot;Angere Ambrae&quot;/&gt; seu Angera Ambrae&lt;ref name=&quot;Angere Ambrae&quot;/&gt; seu Anger Ambrae&lt;ref name=&quot;Angere Ambrae&quot;/&gt; seu Angero Ambrae&lt;ref name=&quot;Angero Ambrae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e fluvio Angere Rheni. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anger_(Rhein)#Namen hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die früheste bekannte urkundliche Erwähnung unter dem Namen ''Angero'' stammt aus dem Jahr 875 (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Angerbach'' seu ''Ramseer Bach'' seu ''Stadtbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Bramau]]
| 
| ''Bramau'' seu ''Stellau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Stora]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Brunnisach]]
| 
| ''Brunnisach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Lacus Bodamicus]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Deinaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deinaha&quot;&gt;Vide ''Acta Sanctorum. Index Topographicus'', ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Deinaha ''Teinach'', flumen in Germania (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Teinach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Nagalda (flumen)|Nagalda]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Gauchsbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Gauchsbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Swareza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Gornitzbacum (Alestra)|Gornitzbacum Alestrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Görnitzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Alestra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alestra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Halbleche]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
|''Halblech''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Licus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Hardtbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Hardtbach'' seu ''Der Alte Bach'' seu ''Dransdorfer Bach'' seu ''Rheindorfer Bach'' seu ''Mondorfer Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hergstbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Hergstbach'' seu ''Hergstgraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Horbinstenon]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Beste&quot;/&gt;
| Bestene&lt;ref name=&quot;Beste&quot;/&gt;
| ''Beste''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Trabena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Trabena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Hundem]]
| 
| ''Hundem''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Lena (Rura)|Lena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lena&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Liersbacum (Ara)|Liersbacum Arae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Liersbach'' seu ''Rosensiefen''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lobbacum (Elisinza)|Lobbacum Elisinzae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Lobbach'' seu ''Maienbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Elisinza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elisinza&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Maade]]
| 
| ''Maade''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Sinus Iathanus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Petrus Lucusaltianus&quot;&gt;[http://www.lateinlexikon.com ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum vel Vocabularium Latinitatis Huius Aetatis''], auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Maade]]
|-
| [[Mohrbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Mohrbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Glan Navae&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Morsbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Morsbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Wippera]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Neyrthere (flumen)|Neyrthere]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Neyrthere&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neerdar_(Willingen)#Geschichte articulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die älteste bekannte schriftliche Erwähnung von Neerdar erfolgte unter dem Namen ''Neyrthere'' im Jahr 1244.&lt;sup&gt;[3]&lt;/sup&gt; Ein ''Regenhardus de Neyrthere'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Neerdar''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Aa Fera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aa Fera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Ösper]]
| 
| ''Ösper''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Presnitz (flumen)|Presnitz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Presnitz&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [[:de:Přísečnice#Geschichte|articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae hoc de oppido]], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) quae ducit de oppido Presnitz (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Preßnitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Schapa (flumen)|Schapa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schapa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Raodhaha Rechenbergensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Raodhaha Rechenbergensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Oberrot&amp;f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch]. Gentilicio &quot;Rechenbergensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium &quot;Rechenberger&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Rotaha Rechenbergensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Raodhaha Rechenbergensis&quot;/&gt; seu Rota Rechenbergensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Raodhaha Rechenbergensis&quot;/&gt;
| ''Rechenberger Rot'' seu ''Rotbach'' seu ''Gunzenbach'' seu ''Buchbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rhene (Dimel)|Rhene Dimelense]]
| 
| ''Rhene''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Dimel]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Dimel&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus Ahrenhorstensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Ahrenhorstensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium &quot;Ahrenhorstensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium ''Ahrenhorster'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ahrenhorster Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Werse]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Werse&quot;/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Rosenbacum (Filisa)|Rosenbacum Filisae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Rosenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Filisa (Naba)|Filisa Nabae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Salzbacum (Rhenus)|Salzbacum Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| Alia nomina
| ''Salzbach'' seu ''Rambach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sarna (flumen)|Sarna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Sarno&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Sarnus&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Sarnum&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Sahrbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Strudelbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Strudelbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Enze]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Enze&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Twista (Osta)|Twista Ostae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Twista Ostae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Theodisce ''Twiste''. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Arlau (...) prope Twistam (...) Tuistai, (963–1037, Kopie 15. Jh.) (...) Tuistina (...) in Tuista, 1127 in Tviste, 1235 (Kopie) de Twiste, 1240 HG.A.14, S. 419. (Kopie 14./15. Jh.) de Tuiste, 1251 in Thuiste, de Thuiste, 1257 de Twiste (und weitere Belege), 1310 in Twer- ¢ quer-. Duiste, (um 1350) prope tuisten (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Tuistina Ostae seu Tuistai Ostae seu Tuista Ostae seu Twiste Ostae seu Tuiste Ostae seu Thuiste Ostae seu Tuisten Ostae
| ''Twiste''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Osta (flumen)|Osta]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Waldangelbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Waldangelbach'' seu ''Angelbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Leimbach (Rhenus, Bruowele)|Leimbach Rheni Bruowelense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bruowelense&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wellingbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Wellingbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| ?
| ?
|-
| [[Wochniza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wochniza&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wakenitz hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Chronist Helmold von Bosau erwähnt sie Mitte des 12. Jahrhunderts in seiner ''Chronica Slavorum'' unter den Bezeichnungen ''wochniza'' oder ''wochenice'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Wochenice&lt;ref name=&quot;Wochniza&quot;/&gt;
| ''Wakenitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 15
| [[Trabena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Trabena]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|}

===Flumina 14 et 10 chiliometra longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina 14 et 10 chiliometra longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Aabacum (Affata)|Aabacum Affatae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Aabach'' seu ''Aa'' seu ''Große Aa''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Affata]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Affata&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ach Trauchgauense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Trauchgauense&quot;&gt;Gentilicio &quot;Trauchgauensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium &quot;Trauchgauer&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Trauchgauer Ach'' seu ''Ach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Halbleche]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Aqua Crinitzensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aqua Crinitzensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Aqua-ae&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Wasser'' vertit et gentilicium &quot;Crinitzensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium ''Crinitzer'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Crinitzer Wasser'' seu ''Crinitzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Rotina (Mulda Zviccaviensis)|Rotina Muldae Zviccaviensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rotina Muldae Zviccaviensis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Awinpach (Elsava)|Awinpach Elsavae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Awinpach Elsavae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9783110338591_A21718271/preview-9783110338591_A21718271.pdf ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''].&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Aubach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Elsava]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Bära Inferior]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bära Inferior&quot;&gt;Adiectivo &quot;inferior&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Untere&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Untere Bära''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Bära]]
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Belina (Flöha)|Belina Flohae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Belina Flöhae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Bielabach'' seu ''Biela''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Flöha]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Bistrice]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bistrice&quot;&gt;[https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Zur_Geschichte_der_Besiedelung_der_Dresdner_Gegend Zur Geschichte der Besiedelung der Dresdner Gegend], ubi dicitur &quot;Buistrizi ist der urkundliche, mit dem Flußnamen der Weißeritz (Wisteritz, 1206 flumen Bistrice, 1366 Wistricz) zusammenhängende Name des Burgwards (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Buistrizi&lt;ref name=&quot;Bistrice&quot;/&gt; seu Wisteritz&lt;ref name=&quot;Bistrice&quot;/&gt; seu Wistricz&lt;ref name=&quot;Bistrice&quot;/&gt;
| ''Weißeritz'' seu ''Vereinigte Weißeritz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Blabbergraben]]
| 
| ''Blabbergraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Spreha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Bockau Magnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Große&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Große Bockau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Boye (flumen)|Boye]]
| 
| ''Boye''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Amsara]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Erle (flumen)|Erle]]
| 
| ''Erle''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Nava (Schleuse)|Nava Schleusensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nava Schleusensis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Fisgobah (Bilerna)|Fisgobah Bilernae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fisgobah Bilernae&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_naa002198101_01/_naa002198101_01_0008.php Naamkunde. Jaargang 13], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 817 Fischach (passim) naast 890 Fisgobah (gen mv.) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Fischach'' seu ''Alte Fischach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Bilerna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bühler&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; 
|-
| [[Fossa principalis Buckauensis|Fossa Principalis Buckauensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fossa Principalis Buckauensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum Latinum &quot;fossa-ae&quot; Theodiscam vocem ''Graben'' et substantivum Latinum &quot;principalis-e&quot; Theodiscum praefixum ''Haupt-'' et gentilicium Latinum &quot;Buckauensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium ''Buckauer'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Buckauer Hauptgraben'' seu ''Kobser Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Buckau]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Hene]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hene&quot;&gt;Vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schafbach_(Elbbach)#Name articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Bis 1270 trug der Bach den Namen Hene, wovon sich der Ortsname Höhn ableitet (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Schafbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Elbbach]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lautenbach (Flöha)|Lautenbach Flöha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lautenbach&quot;&gt;Fingitur huius fluminis nomen homonymo e toponymo. Hoc de topononymo, vide [file:///C:/Users/34622/Downloads/Pars%20III.%20Status%20ecclesiasticus%20regularis%20episcopatus%20Wirceburgensis.pdf ]Pars III. Status ecclesiasticus regularis episcopatus Wirceburgensis, ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ibique abiurata fide et ducta uxore primo civium praetorem, dein praefectum in Lautenbach egit (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Lautenbach'' seu ''Pfützenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Flöha]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Milzisa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Milzisa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BClmisch#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der schriftliche Erstbeleg stammt vermutlich von einer im 11. Jh. gefälschten Urkunde, die in das Jahr 786 datiert wird. Hierin wird ein Fluss als ''Milzisa'' genannt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Mülmisch''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Polava]]
| Pöhlbach
|''Pöhlbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Schapa (flumen)|Schapa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schapa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Rivus Casleocanus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Casleocanus&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium &quot;Casleocanus-a-um&quot; ad oppidum [[Casleoca]]m refertur. Ultimo huic toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesseling#Geschichte articulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Klosterzelle ''Casleoca'' war (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Kesselinger Bach'' seu ''Staffeler Bach'' seu ''Blasweiler Bach'' seu ''Auelbach'' seu ''Densbach'' seu ''Heckenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus Weesenensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Weesenensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium &quot;Weesenensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium ''Weesener'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Weesener Bach'' seu ''Lutter'' seu ''Lutterbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Ursena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| | [[Rottach (Hilaria, Cambodunum)|Rottach Hilariae Cambodunense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cambodunense&quot;&gt;Gentilicium Latinum &quot;Cambodunensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium ad [[Cambodunum]] refertur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Rottach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Hilaria (flumen)|Hilaria]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hilaria&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Schmerach]]
| 
| ''Schmerach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Bilerna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bühler&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; 
|-
| [[Sconibrunno (Licus, Hohenfurch)|Sconibrunno Lici Hohenfurchensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sconibrunno Lici Hohenfurchensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ON. Schonach (Schwarzwald971–um 977) iuxta fontem … Sconibrunno, 833 (Kopie Baar-Kreis, B.-W., D), 1275 Schonach, 1326 Schona, 12. Jh.) super fontem … Schonibrunno (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Schonibrunno Lici Hohenfurchensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Sconibrunno Lici Hohenfurchensis&quot;/&gt; seu Schonach Lici Hohenfurchensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Sconibrunno Lici Hohenfurchensis&quot;/&gt; seu Schona Lici Hohenfurchensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Sconibrunno Lici Hohenfurchensis&quot;/&gt;
| ''Schönach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Licus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Sindelbacum (Iages)|Sindelbacum Iagis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Sindelbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Talbacum (Glan)|Talbacum Glanense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Talbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Glan Navae&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ulfe (Suntraha)|Ulfe Suntrahae]]
| 
| ''Ulfe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Suntraha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Suntraha&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Waldaffa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Waldaphen&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Waldaffe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Walluf'' seu ''Wallufbach'' seu ''Waldaffa''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wierau]]
| 
| ''Wierau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Hassa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hassa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Wirsenicz (Alestra)|Wirsenicz Alestrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Wersnicz Alestrae&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Würschnitzbach'' seu ''Würschnitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Alestra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alestra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Yach (Ambrae)|Yach Ambrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Yach Ambrae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e fluvio Yach in Enze influente. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=H%C3%B6fen&amp;f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''], ubi dicitur &quot; (...) 2Eyach, l.z. Enz (...) ad fluvium ... Yach (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Eyach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 14
| [[Ambra (flumen)|Ambra]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Aranbach (Muda)|Aranbach Mudae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aranbach Mudae&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohrenbach_(Mud)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Bach wurde 1012 als ''Aranbach'' erstmals schriftlich genannt(...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ohrenbach'' seu ''Ohrnbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Muda (flumen)|Muda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Billbach&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Au Wedelense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wedelense&quot;&gt;Gentilicium Latinum &quot;Wedelensis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium ''Wedeler'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Wedeler Au'' seu ''Wedelbeck'' seu ''Wedelbek''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Beber (Ora)|Beber Orae]]
| 
| ''Beber''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Ora (Albis)|Ora Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Birkigsbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Birkigsbach'' seu ''Auegraben'' seu ''Näßlichbach'' seu ''Alte Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Kincicha]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Eiderbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Eiderbach'' seu ''Eiderbachgraben'' seu ''Eiterbach'' 
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Marsbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Farnthrapa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Farnthrapa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felderbach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) 837 ''inter duo flumina ... farnthrapa'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Felderbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Thidela]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Thidela&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Fluvius Molendinorum (Nicer, Sulza)|Fluvius Molendinorum Niceri]] [[Sulz am Neckar|Sulzae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fluvius Molendinorum&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine [[Bauzanum|Bauzanensi]]. De hoc flumine, vide [https://www.schloesslmuehle.com/?page_id=2052 17 Mühlen in Bozen – die Geschichte der heutigen Schlösslmühle], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die älteste bekannte urkundliche Nennung des Mühlbaches geschieht um 1180-90 und lautet „fluvius molendinorum“, was wörtlich übersetzt „der Wasserlauf der Mühlen“ oder kurz „Mühlbach“ bedeutet (...)&quot;. &lt;/ref&gt;
| Mühlbach&lt;ref name=&quot;Mühlbach&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. De hoc flumine, vide www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu, ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Hodie rivus Mühlbach, quem incolae vocant (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Mühlbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Geraha (flumen)|Geraha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Geraha&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [[:de:Neckargerach#Geschichte|articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae hoc de oppido]], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Neckargerach wurde im Jahr 976 erstmals als Geraha erwähnt, was eine gebräuchliche Bezeichnung für ein sprudelndes Gewässer war, und gleichermaßen den Ort als auch das ihn durchfließende Gewässer bezeichnete (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Seebach'' seu ''Gerach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hehlenriede]]
| 
|''Hehlenriede''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Canalis Alarae]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Fluvius Herschbacus|Herschbacus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ahlfeldt Glossarium&quot;&gt;Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.). (s. f.). ''Glossarium: Latin-German Place Names''. Regnum Francorum Online.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Hergispach&lt;ref name=&quot;Hergispach&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herschbach#Geschichte articulum huius oppidi apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Es ist anzunehmen, dass dieses Areal schon früher besiedelt wurde, da in der Engerser Chronik 963 ein Ort namens ''Hergispach'' auftaucht. Der Ortsname entwickelt sich über 1267 ''Herincsbach'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Herincsbach&lt;ref name=&quot;Hergispach&quot;/&gt;
| ''Herschbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Rivus Casleocanus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Casleocanus&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Horne (flumen)|Horne]]
| 
| ''Horne'' seu ''Hornebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Lupia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Kerspe]]
| 
| ''Kerspe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Wippera]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lierbacum (Reineche)|Lierbacum Reinechense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Lierbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Reineche]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Reineche&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Luppa Nova]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Luppa Nova&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luppe_(Fluss) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde 1216 als „Luppa fluvio“ erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;. Adiectivo &quot;novus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Neu&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Neue Luppe'' seu ''Luppe-Kanal''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Alestra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alestra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Mare (Wiscoz)|Mare Wiscozense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mare Wiscozense&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. De hoc flumine, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Meerbach&amp;f=false Etymologie der Gewässernamen], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) '''Meerbach'' (...) riuum quendam effluentem de Stagno quod vocatur mare, 1250 mari (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Mari Wiscozense&lt;ref name=&quot;Mare Wiscozense&quot;/&gt;
| ''Meerbach'' seu ''Schliefenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Wiscoz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiscoz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Nesenbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Nesenbach'' seu ''Vaihinger Bach'' seu ''Kaltentaler Bach'' seu ''Laisebach'' seu ''Furtbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Nevigisa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nevigisa&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardenberger_Bach#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Ursprünglich hieß der Bach ''Neuigisa'' (875) bzw. ''Navigisa'' (10./11. Jh.) (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Navigisa&lt;ref name=&quot;Nevigisa&quot;/&gt;
| ''Hardenberger Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Thidela]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Thidela&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ose (Nethe)|Ose Nethense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ose Nethense&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96se_(Nethe) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) „ab utraque parte fluvii Ose“ (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Öse'' seu ''Oese''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Nethe (Visurgis)|Nethe]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Owe Occidentale]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Westaue&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Westaue''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Layna]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Pobelbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Pöbelbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Rubrum Bistrice]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rubrum Bistrice&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Rivulus Liberorum (flumen)|Rivulus Liberorum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nietzschmann 2013&quot;&gt;Nietzschmann, E. (2013). ''Die Freien auf dem Lande: Ehemalige deutsche Reichsdörfer und ihre Wappen''. [[Guelpherbytum|Guelpherbyti]]: Melchior.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Freisbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius II 1898&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivulus Niger (Amsara)|Rivulus Niger Amsarae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivulus Niger&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Schwarzbach'' seu ''Mühlen Bach'' seu ''Preußische Uraufnahme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Amsara]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rota (Duria)|Rota Duriae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rota Duriae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymis oppidis Theodisce ''Roth''. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Roth''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Duria (Danubius)|Duria Danubii]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Duria&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Slieraha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Manachfialta&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Schlierach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Manachfialta]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Manachfialta&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Slitisa (flumen)|Slitisa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Slidese&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Schlitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Steinalp]]
| 
| ''Steinalp'' seu ''Steinalb''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Glan (Nava)|Glan Navae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Glan Navae&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Steinhaha (Nicer, Nurtinga)|Steinhaha Niceri]] [[Nurtinga|Nurtingensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Steinaha Niceri Nurtingensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Steinach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Tiefenbacum (Nicer, Nurtinga)|Tiefenbacum Niceri]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt; [[Nurtinga|Nurtingense]]
| 
| ''Tiefenbach'' seu ''Saubach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ulmbacum (Kincicha)|Ulmbacum Kincichae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Ulmbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Kincicha]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ulvina]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ulvina&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanzelbach#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Kanzelbach wurde erstmals im Jahre 772 als &quot;Uluina&quot;, gesprochen [ˈylviːna], erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Röschbach'' seu ''Altenbach'' seu ''Kanzelbach'' seu ''Kandelbach'' seu ''Ilbe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Ursena Parva]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ursena Parva&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine maiore. Cui ultimo, vide articulum [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=%C3%96rtze&amp;f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch'']. Adiectivo &quot;parvus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum ''Kleine'' vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Ursene Parvum&lt;ref name=&quot;Ursena Parva&quot;/&gt;
| ''Kleine Örtze''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Ursena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Werbe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Werve&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Werbe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Adrana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrana&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Wilzsch]]
| 
| ''Wilzsch''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 13
| [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Allerbeeke]]
| 
| ''Allerbeeke''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Owe Magnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Magnum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Aquaeductus (Ovacra)|Aquaeductus Ovacrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aquaeductus Ovacrae&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abzucht_(Oker)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name leitet sich hierbei vom lat. Wort ''aquaeductus'' ab. So lautet die Ersterwähnung des Flusses im Jahr 1271 ''Agetucht'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Agetucht Ovacrae
| ''Abzucht'' seu ''Wintertalbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Ovacra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ovacra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Banefe]]
| Bannefe
| ''Banfe'' seu ''Oberster Fischelbach'' seu ''Fischelbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Bibara (Schleuse)|Bibara Schleusensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bibara Schleusensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo Helvetico. Cui ultimo, vide [https://search.ortsnamen.ch/de/record/5029908 ortsnamen.ch], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) et inde sinistrorsum per plateam usque Rammesheim in fluvium Bibara (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Bibera&lt;ref name=&quot;Bibera Schleusensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen homonymis e fluviis. De quorum ultimorum nomine, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Biber&amp;f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''] (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; seu Biberaha&lt;ref name=&quot;Bibera Schleusensis&quot;/&gt;
| ''Biber''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Schleuse]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Colmnitzbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Colmnitzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Bobritzsch (flumen)|Bobritzsch]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Eschbach (Wippera)|Eschbach Wipperae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Eschbach Wipperae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymo e hydronymo. Hoc de hydronymo, vide [https://www.geschichte-nieder-eschbach.de/startseite/nieder-eschbacher-chronik/ Heimat- und Geschichtesverein Nieder-Eschbach], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) „Eschbach inferior“ (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Eschbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Wippera]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Eselsbacum (Lutra)|Eselsbacum Lutrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;&gt;Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-bach'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato &quot;-bacum-i&quot;, quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Forbacum]], [[Gengenbacum]], [[Lambacum]], [[Muorbacum]], [[Orbacum]], [[Rohrbacum]], [[Rosbacum]], [[Rubeacum]], [[Solisbacum]], [[Swabacum]], [[Abacum (Germania)|Abacum]], [[Brubacum]], [[Corbacum]] apud {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Eselsbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Lutra (Glanis)|Lutra Glanensis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Greifenbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Greifenbach'' seu ''Rotes Wasser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Schapa (flumen)|Schapa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schapa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Haselbachium (Saidenbacum)|Haselbachium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Haselbach&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymo e toponymo. Hoc de toponymo, vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camena/calam1/calaminusrudolphottocarus.html ''RUDOLPHOTTOCARUS AUSTRIACA TRAGOEDIA GEORGIO CALAMINO SILESIO AUCTORE: ACTUS PRIMUS''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) et apud Haselbachium (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Haselbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Saidenbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Hedera (flumen)|Hedera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hedera&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heder#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Heder wird zwischen 836 und 840 erstmals schriftlich erwähnt (''Hedera'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Heder''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Lupia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Iassaffa (Luder)|Iassaffa Luderensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Iassaffa&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Jossa''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Luder (flumen)|Luder]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Luder&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Itre]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Itre&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itter_(Eder)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ''itre riuus'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Itter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Adrana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Adrana&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Knochenbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Wiggenbach'' seu ''Berlebecke'' seu ''Knochenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Wachna]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Krebsbacum (Tyra)|Krebsbacum Tyrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Krebsbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Tyra (flumen)|Tyra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Kuhbacum (Itre)|Kuhbacum Itrense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Kuhbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Itre]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Itre&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Lache (Kincicha)|Lache Kincichae]]
| 
| ''Lache'' seu ''Rodenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Kincicha]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
|-
| [[Lutturu (Hardna)|Lutturu Hardnae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutturu Hardnae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo apud [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Lutter&amp;f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch].&lt;/ref&gt;
| Lutteru Hardnae&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutturu Hardnae&quot;/&gt;
| ''Lutter'' seu ''Bielefelder Lutter'' seu ''Weser-Lutter'' seu ''Lutterbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Hardna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hardna&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Michelsbacum (Rhenus)|Michelsbacum Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Michelsbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Mulahgowe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mulahgowe&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maulach_(Fluss)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss tritt 846 im Gaunamen Maulachgau (''Mulahgouue'') erstmals schriftlich in Erscheinung (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Maulach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Musbach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Muosbah&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Můsbach&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Můsbahc&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Můspach&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Mußbach'' seu ''Muschbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Rehbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Otimot]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Otimot&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autmut#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name ist im 11. Jahrhundert in den Formen „Otimot“ und „Ottmuot“, im 17. Jahrhundert als „Ottnach“ belegt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Ottmuot&lt;ref name=&quot;Otimot&quot;/&gt;
| ''Autmut'' seu ''Autmutbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Pfefferfließ]]
| 
| ''Pfefferfließ''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Nieplitz]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Plohnbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Plohnbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Golz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Golz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Rivus Antichensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Antichensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium &quot;Antichensis-e&quot; ad oppidum [[Antiche]] refertur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Endenicher Bach'' seu ''Katzenlochbach'' seu ''Lengsdorfer Bach'' seu ''Villiper Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Hardtbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus Hachinger]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Hachinger Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Hüllgraben]]
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus Hartmanstorphensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Hartmanstorphensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium &quot;Brunhiemensis-e&quot; ad oppidum [[Hartmanstorph]] refertur. Ultimo huic toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fhartmannsdorf#Geschichte articulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die erste urkundliche Erwähnung erfolgte 1368 als Hartmanstorph (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Großhartmannsdorfer Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Mulda Fribergensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MF&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus Sitzenrodaensis|Rivus Sitzenrodaënsis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Sitzenrodaënsis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium &quot;Rivus Sitzenrodaënsis-e&quot; Theodiscum gentilicium ''Sitzenrodaer'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Sitzenrodaer Bach'' seu ''Neumühlbach'' seu ''Neumühlbach'' seu ''Neumühlbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Heidebacum (Fossa Nigra)|Heidebacum Fossae Nigrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Sandbacum (Presnitz)|Sandbacun Presnitzense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Sandbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Presnitz (flumen)|Presnitz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Presnitz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Schwarzenbacum (Naba silvatica)|Schwarzenbacum Nabae Silvaticae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Schwarzenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Naba silvatica|Naba Silvatica]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Naba silvatica&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Schweizerbacum (Remisus, Oenopolis)|Schweizerbacum Remisi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt; [[Oenopolis|Oenopolitanum]]&lt;ref&gt;Vide [https://forum.ahnenforschung.net/forum/allgemeine-diskussionsforen/begriffserkl-rung-wortbedeutung-und-abk-rzungen/2932224-begriff-oenopoli-scabini ''forum.ahnenforschung.net''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Ein scabinus war in etwa ein Ratsherr, und Oenopolis ist &quot;Weinstadt&quot; (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Schweizerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Remisus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Remisus&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Gädheim)|Seebach Gädheimense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Starzel (Prime)|Starzel Primensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Starzel Primensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo. Ultimo cui, vide [https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_PLE_AAAAYAAJ/bub_gb_PLE_AAAAYAAJ_djvu.txt], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) ad sinistram  ripam  Starzel  rivi (...)   Starzell  diversorium in  colle,  ad  rivulum  in  Wanpach  fluentem (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Starzell Primense&lt;ref name=&quot;Starzel Primensis&quot;/&gt;
| ''Starzel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Prime]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Prime&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Trebnitium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Trebnitium&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Trebenezi&lt;ref name=&quot;Trebnitium&quot;/&gt; seu Trebniczya&lt;ref name=&quot;Trebnitium&quot;/&gt; seu Trebniczensis&lt;ref name=&quot;Trebnitium&quot;/&gt;
| ''Trebnitz'' seu ''Trebnitzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Mohelnice]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mohelnice&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Westerbacum (Hasalana)|Westerbacum Hasalanae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| ''Westerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Hasalaha (Mintela)|Hasalana Mintelae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hasalaha Mintelae&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Wetuffa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Wettiffa&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wetfa&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wetfhe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wetfe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Wettfe&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Wetzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Laugana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murray&quot;&gt;{{Murray}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wildebacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Wildebach'' seu ''Wildenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Helre]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Helre&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wirftbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Wirftbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Trierbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Zimmerbacum (Starzel)|Zimmerbacum Starzelense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Zimmerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 12
| [[Starzel (Nicer)|Starzel Niceri]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Starzel Niceri&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Aqua Cunewaldensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aqua Cunewaldensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Aqua-ae&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Wasser'' vertit et gentilicium &quot;Cunewaldensis-e&quot; ad oppidum [[Cunewalde]] refertur. Ultimo huic toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunewalde#Geschichte articulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Als Lokator der neuen Ansiedlung wird ein gewisser Henricus de Cunewalde angesehen, (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Cunewalder Wasser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Spreha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Bewer]]
| 
| ''Bewer''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Ilmede]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ilmede&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Biverna (Visurgis)|Biverna Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Biverna&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Beverna Visurgis&lt;ref name=&quot;Biverna&quot;/&gt;
| ''Bever''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Buhlertalbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Bühlertalbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Drusel]]
| 
| ''Drusel'' seu ''Kleine Fulda''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Gablenzbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Gablenzbach'' seu ''Stollberger Wasser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Wirsenicz (Caminizi rivus)|Wirsenicz Caminizi rivi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Grimmbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Grimmbach'' seu ''Steinach'' seu ''Grümbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Cochera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Cochera&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Haldenbacum (Remisus, Endersbacum)|Haldenbacum Remisi Endersbachense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Endersbacense&quot;&gt;Gentilicium &quot;Endersbacensis-e&quot; ad oppidum [[Endersbacum]] (Theodisce ''Endersbach'') refertur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Haldenbach'' seu ''Stettener Bach'' seu ''Alter Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Remisus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Remisus&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Helmbacum (Spira)|Helmbacum Spirae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Helmbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Spira (Rhenus)|Spira Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Spira&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Huttenbacum (Swarza Bavarica)|Huttenbacum Swarzae Bavaricae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Hüttenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Swarza Bavarica]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Swarza Bavarica&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Kampfelbacum (flumen)|Kampfelbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Kämpfelbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Phunzin]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Phunzin&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lohrbacum (Awinpach)|Lohrbacum Awinpachense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Lohrbach'' seu ''Heinrichsthaler Lohr''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Awinpach (Lara)|Awinpach Larae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Awinpach Larae&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Mühlenwasser]]
| 
| ''Mühlenwasser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Erpe (Tuistina)|Erpe]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Nebelbeeke]]
| 
| ''Nebelbeeke''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Warme]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Orbaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orb_(Kinzig)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Das Gewässer wird 1059 als ''Orbaha'' erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Orb'' seu ''Aubach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Kincicha]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Pyra Magna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Große&quot;&gt;Adiectivo &quot;magnus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Große&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Große Pyra'' seu ''Große Bühra''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Raodhaha (Lein, Voggenberger Sägmühle)|Raodhaha Leinensis de Voggenberger Sägmühle]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Raodhaha Leinensis de Voggenberger Sägmühle&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. Cui ultimo, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Oberrot&amp;f=false Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch].&lt;/ref&gt;
| Rotaha Leinensis de Voggenberger Sägmühle&lt;ref name=&quot;Raodhaha Leinensis de Voggenberger Sägmühle&quot;/&gt; seu Rota Leinensis de Voggenberger Sägmühle&lt;ref name=&quot;Raodhaha Leinensis de Voggenberger Sägmühle&quot;/&gt;
| ''Rot'' seu ''Kaiserbacher Rot'' seu ''Mosbach'' seu ''Schwarze Rot''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Lein (Cochera)|Lein]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus Brunheimensis Alfterensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Brunheimensis Alfterensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium &quot;Brunhiemensis-e&quot; ad oppidum [[Brumheim]] refertur. Ultimo huic toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornheim_(Rheinland)#Geschichte articulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Urkundlich wird der Hauptort Bornheim als „Brunheim“ im Bonngau, in der Grafschaft des Grafen Ehrenfried, erstmals am 2. August 945 genannt (...)&quot;. Denique, Gentilicium Latinum &quot;Alfterensis-e&quot; Theodiscum ''Alfterer'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Alfterer Bornheimer Bach'' seu ''Mirbach'' seu ''Görresbach'' seu ''Roisdorfer'' seu ''Bornheimer Bach'' seu ''Mühlenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus Mielenheimensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Mielenheimensis]]&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium &quot;Mielenheimensis-e&quot; ad oppidum [[Mielenheim]] refertur. Ultimo huic toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehlem#Geschichte articulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Urkundlich wird Mehlem erstmals im April 804 als ''Mielenheim'' genannt, wo dem Bonner Cassiusstift ein Weingut geschenkt wird (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Mehlemer Bach'' seu ''Eichenackersbach'' seu ''Kernbach'' seu ''Züllighovener Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Schaafbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Schaafbach'' seu '' Schafbach'' seu ''Ahrmühle'' seu ''Eichholzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Schweizerbacum (Remisus, Laurissa)|Schweizerbacum Remisi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt; [[Lorch (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Laurissae]]
| 
| ''Schweizerbach'' seu ''Wettenbach'' seu ''Mutlanger Haselbach'' seu ''Haselbach'' seu ''Tannbach'' seu ''Waldauer Bach'' seu ''Alfdorfer Haselbach'' seu ''Mühlbach'' 
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Remisus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Remisus&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sinisbach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Siesbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Nava (flumen)|Nava]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fabricius II 1898&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Solisbacum (Moenus)|Solisbacum Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Solisbacum Moeni&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
|  Sultzbacum Moeni&lt;ref name=&quot;Solisbacum Moeni&quot;/&gt; seu Zulsbacum Moeni&lt;ref name=&quot;Solisbacum Moeni&quot;/&gt; seu Zultzbacum Moeni&lt;ref name=&quot;Solisbacum Moeni&quot;/&gt;
| ''Sulzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sorbitz]]
| 
| ''Sorbitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Schwarza (Sala)|Schwarza Salae]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Speltach]]
| 
| ''Speltach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Sperrlutter]]
|
| ''Sperrlutter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Odera (Ruma)|Odera Rumae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Threne]]
| 
| ''Threne''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Parda (flumen)|Parda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bavarikon&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Ulfe (Fuldaha)|Ulfe Fuldahae]]
| 
| ''Ulfe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Vesser (flumen)|Vesser]]
| 
| ''Vesser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Breitenbacum (Erle)|Breitenbacum Erlense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Vischelbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Vischelbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Vulle]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Fulde''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Böhme (flumen)|Böhme]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Waldbacum (Gabelbacum)|Waldbacum Gabelbacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Waldbach'' seu ''Mangelsbach'' seu ''Wattbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Gabelbacum (Muda)|Gabelbacum Mudae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Walse]]
| 
| ''Walse'' seu ''Sählenbach'' seu ''Beek''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Weraha|Weraha Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Weggentalbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Weggentalbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Zschampert]]
| 
| ''Zschampert''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 11
| [[Luppa Vetus|Luppa Vetus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alte Luppe&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luppe_(Fluss) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wurde 1216 als „Luppa fluvio“ erstmals urkundlich erwähnt (...)&quot;. Adiectivo &quot;vetus veteris&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Alte&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Aalenbacum (Bilerna)|Aalenbacum Bilernae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Aalenbach'' seu ''Äulesbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Bilerna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bühler&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; 
|-
| [[Biverna (Wippera)|Biverna Wippera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Biverna&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Beverna Wipperae&lt;ref name=&quot;Biverna&quot;/&gt;
| ''Bever''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Wippera]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Brunau (Ursena)|Brunau Ursenae]]
| 
| ''Brunau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Ursena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Dreisbacum (Ara)|Dreisbacum Arae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Dreisbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Ara (flumen)|Ara]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Dammbacum (Elsava)|Dammbacum Elsavae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Dammbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Elsava]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Dusebacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Dusebach'' seu ''Duse'' seu ''Dause''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Mühlenwasser]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Fischbacum (Gaspentia)|Fischbacum Gaspentiae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Fischbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Gaspentia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Griessebacum (flumen)|Griessebacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Grießebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Humme]]
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Gronach]]
| 
| ''Gronach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hadoluespach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hadoluespach&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halsbach_(Alz) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Ort Halsbach wird ca. 790 als ''Hadoluespach'' erstmals urkundlich genannt. (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Halsbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Alzus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Alzus&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Hetzbacum (Flöha)|Hetzbacum Flöhae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Hetzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Flöha]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Kappelbacum (Zurrega)|Kappelbacum Zurregae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Kappelbach'' seu ''Hardtbach'' seu ''Krebsbach'' 
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Zurrega (flumen)|Zurrega]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Lossnitzbacum (Mulda Zviccaviensis)|Lossnitzbacum Muldae Zviccaviensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Lößnitzbach'' seu ''Affalterbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Mooslauter]]
| 
| ''Mooslauter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Lutra (Glanis)|Lutra Glanensis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Mordgrundbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| Slatina
| ''Mordgrundbach'' seu ''Mordgrund''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Bahra (Gotlaviae)|Bahra Gotlaviae]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Olepe]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Olepe&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olpe_(Bigge)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name tritt als ''Olepe'' 1120 erstmals urkundlich in Erscheinung (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Olpe'' seu ''Altenkleusheimer Bach'' seu ''Olpebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Bigge]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Bigge&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rigenbach (Zahme Gera)|Rigenbach Zahmegerense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rigenbach&quot;/&gt;
| Richenbach Zahmegerense&lt;ref name=&quot;Rigenbach&quot;/&gt;
| ''Reichenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Zahme Gera]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus Belehemensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Belehemensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium &quot;Belehemensis-e&quot; ad oppidum [[Belehem]] refertur. Ultimo huic toponymo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belm#Geschichte articulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Später wurde daraus Belehm (1224), dann Belham (1483)[23] und am Ende Belm. Im Jahre 1853 schlossen sich die Bauerschaften zur Samtgemeinde Belm zusammen (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Belmer Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Hassa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hassa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Amisia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus Berwangensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Berwangensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et gentilicium &quot;Belehemensis-e&quot; ad oppidum [[Berwangen]] refertur. Ultimo huic gentilicium, vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_die_Geschichte_des_Oberrheins._Bd._038%2C_1885_%28IA_zeitschriftfurdi3818unse%29.pdf Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Georgius Fridericus Taub, Berwangensis (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Berwanger Bach'' seu ''Feldgraben'' seu ''Birkenbach'' seu ''Alte Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Elisinza]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elisinza&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus Henrici]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Henrici&quot;&gt;Fingitur hydronymum hoc ex informatione de [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrichsbach_(Wachenbach) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Heinrichsbach ist wohl so benannt, weil Kaiser Heinrich IV. einige Zeit in der Umgebung lebte (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Heinrichswasser'' seu ''Heinrichsbach'' seu ''Cunerichswasser''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Wachenbacum (Lara)|Wachenbacum Larae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rissbacum (Iages)|Rissbacum Iagis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Rißbach'' seu ''Hollenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rotelbacum (Iages)|Rotelbacum Iagis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Rötelbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Iages]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rubrum Packaw]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rubrum Packaw&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo oppido. De hoc ultimo, vide [[:de:Pockau#Geschichte|articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae hoc de oppido]], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die erstmalige Erwähnung des Ortes erfolgte im Jahre 1365 als „Packaw“ (...)&quot;. Adiectivo &quot;rubrum&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum ''Rote'' vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Rote Pockau'' seu ''Halbmeilenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Nigrum Packaw]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nigrum Packaw&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Schlema (flumen)|Schlema]]
|
| ''Schlema''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Mulda Zviccaviensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;MZ&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Schobse]]
| 
| ''Schobse''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Wohlrose]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Onestrudis)|Seebacum Onestrudis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Onestrudis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Onestrudis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Rhenus)|Seebacum Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Suropo (Lena)|Suropo Lenae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Suropo&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo toponymo. Cui ultimo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...)  Obersorpe, Mittelsorpe, Niedersorpe (Stadt Schmallenberg), 1072, 1101–31 Suropo, 1122 Sorbece, 1281–1313, 14. Jh. Sorpe, 14. Jh. Sorp superior, Sorp inferior (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Sorbece Lenae&lt;ref name=&quot;Suropo&quot;/&gt; seu Sorpe Lenae&lt;ref name=&quot;Suropo&quot;/&gt; seu Sorp Lenae&lt;ref name=&quot;Suropo&quot;/&gt;
| ''Sorpe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Lena (Rura)|Lena]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lena&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Tonna (flumen)|Tonna]]
| 
| ''Tonna''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Onestrudis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Onestrudis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Ulsna|Ůlsna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ulsna&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oelze_(Fluss)#Geschichte hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss wird erstmals in einer Urkunde aus dem Jahre 1229 unter dem Namen Ůlsna erwähnt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Oelze''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| [[Schwarza (Sala)|Schwarza Salae]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Waldbacum (Fossa Terrestris)|Waldbacum Fossae Terrestris]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Waldbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 10
| Fossa Terrestris&lt;ref name=&quot;Landgraben&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Fossa-ae&quot; Theodiscam vocem ''Graben'' et adiectivum Latinum &quot;terrestris-e&quot; Theodiscum praefixum ''Land-'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ?
|}

===Flumina 9 et 5 chiliometra longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina 9 et 5 chiliometra longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Elera (Ruma)|Elera Rumae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elera Rumae&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e fluvio Elerā in Net influente. De quo ultimo homonymo, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Elera&amp;f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''].&lt;/ref&gt;
| Elra Rumae&lt;ref name=&quot;Elera Rumae&quot;/&gt;
|''Eller''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 9
| [[Ruma (Layna)|Ruma]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ruma&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Finkenbacum (Hombacum)|Finkenbacum Hombacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Finkenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 9
| [[Hombacum (Othmunda)|Hombacum Othmundae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Grana (flumen)|Grana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Granae&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grane_(Fluss) hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss tritt in seinen ersten urkundlichen Erwähnungen des 12. Jahrhunderts als ''Grana'' in Erscheinung (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Grane''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 9
| [[Indistra]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Indistra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Linkenbacum (Aisca)|Linkenbacum Aiscae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Linkenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 9
| [[Aisca]]e&lt;ref name=&quot;Aisca&quot;/&gt; fossa inundatibilis
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Loufaha]]
| Louffa
| ''Laufach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 9
| [[Ascafa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ascafa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Fluvius Molendinorum (Saletio)|Fluvius Molendinorum Saletionis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fluvius Molendinorum&quot;/&gt;
| Mühlbach Saletionis&lt;ref name=&quot;Mühlbach&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo flumine. De hoc flumine, vide www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu, ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Hodie rivus Mühlbach, quem incolae vocant (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Mühlbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 9
| [[Saletio (flumen)|Saletio]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus Breitenbrunnensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Breitenbrunnensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit. Gentilicium Latinum &quot;Breitenbrunnensis-e&quot; Theodiscum ''Breitenbrunner'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Breitenbrunner Bach'' seu ''Spitzerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 9
| [[Rosenbacum (Filisa)|Rosenbacum Filisae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Eschbach (Nida)|Eschbach Nidae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Eschbach Nidae&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.geschichte-nieder-eschbach.de/startseite/nieder-eschbacher-chronik/ Heimat- und Geschichtesverein Nieder-Eschbach], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) „Eschbach inferior“ (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
|''Eschbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 8
| [[Nida (Moenus)|Nida Moeni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nida Moeni&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Gabelbacum (Muda)|Gabelbacum Mudae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Gabelbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 8
| [[Muda (flumen)|Muda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Billbach&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Grunnelbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Grunnelbach'' seu ''Grunnel-Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 8
| [[Fuldaha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Rechtenbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Rechtenbach'' seu ''Kaibach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 8
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rohrbacum (Dürnach)|Rohrbacum Dürnachense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rohrbacum Dürnachense&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex oppido homonymo. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Rohrbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 8
| [[Dürnach]]
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Sinse]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sinse&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e lacū. De cuius ultimi nomine, vide [https://books.google.de/books?id=rqboBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA381#v=snippet&amp;q=Sims&amp;f=false ''Albrecht Greule Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch''], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) prope lacum Sinse (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Sims''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 8
| [[Aha Rordorfensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aha Rordorfensis&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Swelmenaha]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Swelmenaha&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwelme hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Name ''Schwelme'' geht auf „Swelma auch Swelmna“ zurück. Aber auch vorher wurde der Name schon umgebildet, denn es hieß ursprünglich „Swelmenaha“ (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Swelma&lt;ref name=&quot;Swelmenaha&quot;/&gt; seu Swelmna&lt;ref name=&quot;Swelmenaha&quot;/&gt;
| ''Schwelme''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 8
| [[Wippera]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Beberbacum (Schuntra)|Beberbacum Schuntrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Beberbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 7
| [[Schuntra]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Flotide (flumen)|Flotide]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Flotide&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen huius fluminis ex [[Flöthe|oppido homonymo]]. Latino de nomine huius oppidi, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fl%C3%B6the#Geschichte articulum hoc de flumine apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Alte Bezeichnungen des Ortes sind 780–802 Flathi&lt;/ref&gt; seu Flatide&lt;ref name=&quot;Flotide&quot;/&gt; seu Flothethe&lt;ref name=&quot;Flotide&quot;/&gt; seu Vlothe&lt;ref name=&quot;Flotide&quot;/&gt; seu Flotethe&lt;ref name=&quot;Flotide&quot;/&gt;
| Flathi''' seu '''Flatide''' seu '''Flothethe''' seu '''Vlothe''' seu '''Flotethe'''
| ''Flöthe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 7
| [[Owe Magnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Owe Magnum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Erlenbacum)|Seebacum Erlenbacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 7
| [[Erlenbacum Bieringenense|Erlenbacum Bieringenense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Bieringen&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Usa)|Seebacum Usae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 7
| [[Usa (Weteraha)|Usa]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Wublitz]]
| 
| ''Wublitz''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 7
| [[Habala]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Brombacum (Nemaninga)|Brombacum Nemaningae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Brombach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 6
| [[Nemaninga]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mümling&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCmling#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Die Römer nannten den Fluss ''Nemaninga'' (...) Die erste urkundliche Erwähnung als ''Mimilingum'' war im Jahre 741, die folgenden Schreibweisen sind dann 798 ''Mimelinga'' und ''Mimininga'', 819 ''Mimilingum'' und ''Mimelingen'', 1012 ''Minimingaha'' (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; 
|-
| [[Goldbacum (Saletio)|Goldbacum Saletionis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Goldbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 6
| [[Saletio (flumen)|Saletio]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Grenzau (Suale)|Grenzau Sualense]]
| 
| ''Grenzau''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 6
| [[Suale]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Kapellenbacum (Wizmoin)|Kapellenbacum Wizmoinense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Kapellenbach'' seu ''Kapellenbek'' seu ''Spannbek''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 6
| [[Wizmoin]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Meizenbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Meizenbach'' seu ''Brombach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 6
| [[Rotach (Werenza)|Rotach Werenzae]]
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Nahrenbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Nährenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 6
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus Geesensis|Rivus Geësensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Geësensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit. Gentilicium Latinum &quot;Geësensis-e&quot; Theodiscum ''Geeser'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Geeser Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 6
| [[Kila]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Salzaha (Helmana)|Salzaha Helmanae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Salzaha&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymis toponymis Theodisce ''Salza''. De his ultimis, vide {{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
| Salsa Helmanae
| ''Salza''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 6
| [[Helmana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Hene)|Seebacum Henense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 6
| [[Hene]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hene&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Swartzpach (Mittweida Magna)|Swartzpach Mittweidae Magnae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Swartzpach&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzbach_(Gro%C3%9Fe_Mittweida)#Etymologie hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der Fluss trägt denselben Namen wie die erstmals 1240 urkundlich als „Swartzpach“ erwähnte Siedlung (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Schwarzbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 6
| [[Mittweida Magna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Große&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Weysluthera]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Weysluthera&quot;&gt;Vide articulum [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westerbach_(Kahl)#Name hoc de flumine apud Vicipediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Der ursprüngliche Gewässername ''Western'' (um 1282 ''Weysluthera'' genannt)  (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| ''Westerbach'' seu ''Westernbach'' seu ''Westernkahl''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 6
| [[Calde (flumen)|Calde]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Gelbeke]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Gelenbeke&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Ghelenbeke&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Gelmke''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 5
| [[Aquaeductus (Ovacra)|Aquaeductus Ovacrae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Aquaeductus Ovacrae&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Lutra (Remisus)|Lutra Remisi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutra&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Lauter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 5
| [[Remisus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Remisus&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Isana)|Seebacum Isanae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 5
| [[Isana (Aenus)|Isana Aeni]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Ohe Magnum)|Seebacum Ohis Magni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 5
| [[Ohe Magnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Große&quot;&gt;Adiectivo &quot;magnus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Große&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Sala)|Seebacum Salae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 5
| [[Sala (Salzaha)|Sala Danubii]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Saalach&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Westerbacum (Flotide)|Westerbacum Flotidense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| ''Westerbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 5
| [[Flotide (flumen)|Flotide]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Flotide&quot;/&gt;
| [[Visurgis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
|-
| [[Ziegelbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Ziegelbach'' seu ''Mühlbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 5
| [[Moenus]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|}

===Flumina 4 chiliometra aut minus longa=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina 4 chiliometra aut minus longa:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Longitudo (km)
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Brombacum (Finkenbacum)|Brombacum Finkenbacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Brombach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 4
| [[Finkenbacum (Laxbacum)|Finkenbacum Laxbacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; 
|-
| [[Buchbacum (Speltach)|Buchbacum Speltachense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Buchbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 4
| [[Speltach]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Himmelsbacum (Wiese)|Himmelsbacum Wiesense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Himmelsbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 4
| [[Wiese (flumen)|Wiese]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiese&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Hofbacum (Rivulus Liberorum)|Hofbacum Rivuli Liberorum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Nietzschmann 2013&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Hofbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 4
| [[Rivulus Liberorum (flumen)|Rivulus Liberorum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nietzschmann 2013&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Lutra Alba|Lutra Alba]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutra Alba&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Rhenano. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}. Adiectivum Latinum &quot;albus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum ''Weiße'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Weiße Lauter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 4
| [[Lutra (Nicer)|Lutra Niceri]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Patra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| Patris&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Pathera&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Padra&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Padhera&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Padhre&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Padera&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Padre&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt; seu Padra&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| ''Pader''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 4
| [[Lupia]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus Asbachensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus Asbachensis&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit. Gentilicium Latinum &quot;Asbachensis-e&quot; Theodiscum ''Asbacher'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Asbacher Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 4
| [[Longna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Longna&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Isara)|Seebacum Isarae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 4
| [[Isara (Bavaricus)|Isara]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Loufaha)|Seebacum Loufahae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 4
| [[Loufaha]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Steinlach)|Seebacum Steinlachense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 4
| [[Steinlach]]
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Billbach (Muda)|Billbach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Billbach&quot;&gt;Vide [https://www.heiligenlexikon.de/ActaSanctorum/17.August.html Acta Sanctorum der Bollandisten], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Locum ipsum duo rivi, unus a meridie, ab incolis '''Muda (die Mud)''' alter ab oriente, vulgo '''Billbach''' dictus, præterfluunt (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Billbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 3
| [[Muda (flumen)|Muda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Billbach&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
[[Brombacum (Hemisa)|Brombacum Hemisae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Brombach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 3
| [[Hemisa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hemisa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; 
|-
| [[Echtbacum (Aalenbacum)|Echtbacum Aalenbacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Echtbach'' seu ''Hilpertsklingenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 3
| [[Aalenbacum (Bilerna)|Aalenbacum Bilernae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Erlenbacum (Chinzechun)|Erlenbacum Chinzechunense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Erlenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 3
| [[Chinzechun]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinzechun&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Huttenbacum (Seebacum)|Huttenbacum Seebacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Hüttenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 3
| [[Seebacum (Hene)|Seebacum Henense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Kapellenbacum (Bünzau)|Kapellenbacum Bünzauense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Kapellenbach'' seu ''Kapellenbek'' seu ''Spannbek''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 3
| [[Bünzau]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Lachsbacum (Albis)|Lachsbacum Albis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Lachsbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 3
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Seebacum (Rezat)|Seebacum Rezatense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 3
| [[Rezat]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Radiantia, Rezat, Redniz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Fluvius Molendinorum (Liubasa)|Fluvius Molendinorum Liubasae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fluvius Molendinorum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Mühlbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 2
| [[Liubasa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Liubasa&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Hosewasch]]
| Hoswaschbacum&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt; seu Hosewaschbacum&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| ''Hosewasch'' seu ''Hoswaschbach'' seu ''Hosewaschbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 2
| [[Sala (Salzaha)|Sala Danubii]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Saalach&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Lutra Nigra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutra Nigra&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen ex homonymo flumine Rhenano. De hoc ultimo, vide {{Graesse}}. Adiectivum Latinum &quot;niger nigra nigrum&quot; Theodiscum ''Schwarze'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Schwarze Lauter''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 2
| [[Lutra (Nicer)|Lutra Niceri]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Lutra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Buchbacum)|Seebacum Buchbacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 2
| [[Buchbacum (Speltach)|Buchbacum Speltachense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Murga)|Seebacum Murgae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 2
| [[Murga (Neoburgum)|Murga Neoburgensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Murga NB&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Biske]]
| 
| ''Biske''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 1
| [[Elera (Net)|Elera Netensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Braunsel]]
| 
| ''Braunsel''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 1
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Bründelgraben]]
|
| ''Bründelgraben''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 1
| [[Scutara]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Fluvius Molendinorum (Alcmana)|Fluvius Molendinorum Alcmanae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Fluvius Molendinorum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Mühlbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 1
| [[Alcmana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Huttenbacum (Himmelsbacum)|Huttenbacum Himmelsbacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Hüttenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 1
| [[Himmelsbacum (Wiese)|Himmelsbacum Wiesense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Kesselbacum (Aach Zwiveltense)|Kesselbacum in Aach Zwiveltense]]
| 
| ''Kesselbach'' seu ''Kessel Aach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 1
| [[Aach Zwiveltense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;AZ&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Laxbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Laxbach'' seu ''Lachsbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 1
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Seebacum (Echtbacum)|Seebacum Echtbacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
|
| ''Seebach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 1
| [[Echtbacum (Aalenbacum)|Echtbacum Aalenbacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Urspring]]
| 
| ''Urspring''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 1
| [[Ach (Blavius)|Ach Blavii]]
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Weihermuhlbacum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Weihermühlbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 1
| [[Alcmana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Pfeffer (rivus)|Pfeffer]]
| 
| ''Pfeffer''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | 0.5
| [[Brancia (flumen)|Brancia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Brancia&quot;/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Brunnbacensis (Nicer)|Brunnbacensis Niceri]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Brunnbacensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen homonymo e monasterio. De hoc ultimo, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pockau#Geschichte articulum Vicipaediae Theodiscae de huius monasterii oppido]], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) (lateinisch ''Monasterium Brunnbacensis'') (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Bronnbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | &lt; 0.5
| [[Nicer]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Kapellenbacum (Alcmana)|Kapellenbacum Alcmanae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Kapellenbach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | &lt; 0.5
| [[Alcmana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Rivus de Tosingen]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivus de Tosingen&quot;&gt;Substantivum &quot;Rivus-i&quot; Theodiscum vocabulum ''Bach'' vertit et [[Syntagma (grammaticum)|syntagma]] &quot;de Tosingen&quot; ad oppidum [[Tosingen]] refertur. Ultimo huic gentilicium, vide [[:de:Deising (Riedenburg)|articulum apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam hoc de oppido]], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Das Auftreten eines Ortsadels lässt sich mit dem zwischen 1147 und 1160 auftretenden „Ainwic de Tosingen“ (...)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Deisinger Bach''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | &lt; 0.5
| [[Alcmana]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Springe (rivus)|Springe]]
| 
| ''Springe''
| align=&quot;right&quot; | &lt; 0.5
| [[Smiehe Parvum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Smiehe Parvum&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc hydronymum homonymo ex hydronymo. Cui ultimo, vide [https://dokumen.pub/deutsches-gewssernamenbuch-etymologie-der-gewssernamen-und-der-zugehrigen-gebiets-siedlungs-und-flurnamen-9783110338591-9783110190397-9783110578911.html dokumen.pub], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Schmiech, die, l.z. Donau, entspringt oberhalb von Springen (Gundershofen, Stadt Schelklingen, AlbDonau-Kreis, B.-W., D) aus einer ergiebigen Karstquelle, mündet südlich von Ehingen (Alb-DonauKreis). – 1298 fluvium … Smiehe (...)&quot;. Adiectivo &quot;parvus-a-um&quot; Theodiscum adiectivum &quot;Kleine&quot; vertitur.&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

===Flumina adhuc ignotā cum longitudine=== 
Inferiori in tabulā, solum apparent flumina adhuc ignotā cum longitudine:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Fluvius]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Alia nomina [[lingua Latina|Latina]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Nomen [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Ostium fluminis|Ostium]]
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | [[Systema fluviorum|Systema]]
|-
| [[Brombacum (Hofbacum)|Brombacum Hofbacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Brombach''
| [[Hofbacum (Rivulus Liberorum)|Hofbacum Rivuli Liberorum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Nietzschmann 2013&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt; 
|-
| [[Brombacum (Nagalda)|Brombacum Nagaldae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Brombach''
| [[Nagalda (flumen)|Nagalda]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Brombacum (Rota)|Brombacum Rotae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Brombach''
| [[Rota (Aenus)|Rota Aeni]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Danubius]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;&gt;{{Lexicon Universale}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| [[Brombacum (Rura)|Brombacum Rurae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Brombach''
| [[Rura (Eiflensis)|Rura Eiflensis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Mosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Brombacum (Sinisbach)|Brombacum Sinisbacense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Brombach''
| [[Sinisbach]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Brombacum (Wiscoz)|Brombacum Wiscozense]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Brombach''
| [[Wiscoz]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiscoz&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Brumbacum (Wippera)|Brumbacum Wipperae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Brumbach'' seu ''Brombach''
| [[Wippera (Sala)|Wippera Salae]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Grenzau (Arle)|Grenzau Arlense]]
| 
| ''Grenzau''
| [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Arle&quot;/&gt;
| [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Arle&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Imme]]
| 
| ''Imme''
| [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Arle&quot;/&gt;
| [[Arle (flumen)|Arle]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Arle&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Nigra Aqua (Ruhland)|Nigra Aqua Ruhlandensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Nigra Aqua Ruhlandensis&quot;&gt;Fingitur hoc nomen suo ex homonymo Helvetico. Cui ultimo, vide [https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/000914/2016-09-26/ Neirivue], ubi dicitur &quot;Ehemalige politische Gemeinde FR, Bezirk Greyerz, am linken Saaneufer. 2002 mit Albeuve, Lessoc und Montbovon zur neuen Gemeinde Haut-Intyamon fusioniert. 1277 ''Nigra aqua'', früher dt. ''Schwarzwasser'' (...)&quot;. Gentilicium &quot;Ruhlandensis-e&quot; Theodiscum ''Ruhlander'' vertit.&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Ruhlander Schwarzwasser''
| [[Elstra nigra|Elstra Nigra]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Elstra Nigra&quot;/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Olbe]]
| 
| ''Olbe''
| [[Beber (Ora)|Beber Orae]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Rivulus Niger (Gohhusia)|Rivulus Niger Gohhusiae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivulus Niger Gohhusiae&quot;&gt;Theodisca vox ''Schwarzbach'' in Latinam &quot;Rivulus Niger&quot; verti solet. V.gr. vide: Schöttgen, C., &amp; Kreysig, G. C., auctoribus (1730). ''Diplomataria et Scriptores Historiae Germanicae Medii Aevi''. [[Altenburgum in Misnia|Altenburgi]]: Richter. De toponymo &quot;Gohhusia&quot;, vide [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCchsen#Geschichtearticulum hoc de oppido apud Vicipaediam Theodiscam], ubi dicitur &quot;(...) Erstmals wurde der Ort unter dem Namen ''Gohhusia'' im Jahr 758 erwähnt (...)&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;
| 
| ''Schwarzbach''
| ?
| ?
|-
| [[Rivulus Niger (Mulda)|Rivulus Niger Muldae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivulus Niger&quot;/&gt;
| 
| ''Schwarzbach''
| [[Mulda|Mulda Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Rivulus Niger (Rotbacum)|Rivulus Niger Rotbacensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Rivulus Niger&quot;&gt;Theodisca vox ''Schwarzbach'' in Latinam &quot;Rivulus Niger&quot; verti solet. V.gr. vide: Schöttgen, C., &amp; Kreysig, G. C., auctoribus (1730). ''Diplomataria et Scriptores Historiae Germanicae Medii Aevi''. [[Altenburgum in Misnia|Altenburgi]]: Richter.&lt;/ref&gt;
|
| ''Schwarzbach''
| [[Rotbacum (Rhenus)|Rotbacum Rheni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;-bacum&quot;/&gt;
| [[Rhenus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hofmann&quot;/&gt;
|-
| [[Struga (flumen)|Struga]]
| 
| ''Struga''
| [[Spreha]]&lt;ref name=Gr/&gt;
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| [[Veerde]]
| 
| ''Veerde''
| ?
| ?
|-
| [[Weißer Schöps]]
| 
| ''Weißer Schöps''
| [[Schwarzer Schöps]]
| [[Albis]]&lt;ref name=Gr&gt;{{Graesse}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|}

==Notae==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Flumina Germaniae| ]]
[[Categoria:Indices fluminum|Germania]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Otto I (imperator)</title>
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      <text bytes="3078" sha1="atda2zvfncpzaxv99gaerwovjknx1yo" xml:space="preserve">{{L1}}
[[Fasciculus:Siegel Otto I Posse.JPG|thumb|Sigillum Ottonis anno 968 impressus]]
'''Otto I,''' cognomine '''Magnus,''' natus est die [[23 Novembris]] [[912]], mortuus die [[7 Maii]] [[973]] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Mimileba|Mimilebae|de|qid=Q703786}}, erat [[Imperator Romanus Sacer|imperator]] (a [[962]]) rexque (a [[936]]) [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani imperii nationis Theodisci]].

== Familia ==
E gente Liudolfico vel Ottone erat, [[Henricus I (rex Francorum orientalium)|Henrici I]] regis filius. Soror eius [[Gerberga (Francia)|Gerberga]] erat, uxor [[Ludovicus IV (rex Franciae)|Ludovici IV]] regis Franciae. 

== Imperium ==
[[Fasciculus:HRR 10Jh.jpg|thumb|[[Sacrum Romanum Imperium]] anno [[mors|mortis]] Ottonis]]
Constituit Otto in imperio novum ecclesiae ordinem: investituit episcopos imperator, non [[papa]]; post uniuscuiusque episcopi mortem, omnia sua ad imperatorem reducta sunt. Die [[10 Augusti]] [[955]], [[Hungari|Hungaris]] paravit pugnando clades [[Pugna in Campo Lici|Lechfeldense]]; ob eam victoriam splendidam accepit honores plurimos Otto. Die [[2 Februarii]] anno [[962]], Papa [[Ioannes XII|Ioanne XII]] Ottonem Romam vocavit: Otto donum Pippini renovavit, ut coronam Caesaris per [[Translatio imperii]] acciperet. Cum ita [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Imperium Sacrum Romanum]] conderet, Otto bene meritus est de natione Germanorum. Anno insequenti Ioannem XII e pontificatu deicere curavit. In matrimonium duxit [[Edgytha (imperatrix)|Edgytha]]m, [[Edwardus (rex Anglorum)|Edwardi]] regis Anglorum filiam.
 

== Fontes de vita et imperio Ottonis ==
* [[Liutprandus Cremonensis]], ''[[Historia Ottonis]]''

== Bibliographia ==
* Gerd Althoff, &quot;Otto der Große in der ottonischen Geschichtsschreibung&quot; in Matthias Puhle, ed., '' Otto der Große, Magdeburg und Europa'' (Moguntiaci, 2001) pp. 16–27
* Matthias Becher, ''Otto der Große: Kaiser und Reich. Eine Biographie''. Monaci: C. H. Beck, 2012 {{Google Books|T-BgcKxEUK0C|Paginae selectae}}
* R. Köpke, E. Dümmler, ''Kaiser Otto der Grosse''. Lipsiae, 1876 [https://archive.org/details/kaiserottodergro00kpuoft Textus apud archive.org]
* Matthias Puhle, ed., ''Otto der Große. Magdeburg und Europa. Eine Ausstellung im Kulturhistorischen Museum Magdeburg vom 27. August - 2. Dezember 2001. Katalog der 27. Ausstellung des Europarates und Landesausstellung Sachsen-Anhalt. 2 voll. Moguntiaci, 2001
* {{EnciItaliana|http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/ottone-i-il-grande-imperatore-e-re-di-germania_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/|Ottone I il Grande, imperatore e re di Germania|Percy Ernst Schramm|1935}}
* W. von den Steinen, ''Otto der Grosse''. Breslaviae, 1928
* Eduard Vehse, ''Kaiser Otto der Grosse aus dem alten Hause Sachsen und sein Zeitalter'' Zeitz: Webel, 1867 [https://archive.org/details/kaiserottodergro00vehsuoft Textus apud archive.org]

{{Imperatores SRI}}
{{bio-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Imperatores Romani Sacri]]
[[Categoria:Nati 912]]
[[Categoria:Mortui 973]]
[[Categoria:Magdeburgum]]
[[Categoria:Otto I (imperator)|!]]

{{Myrias|Homines}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Buddhismus</title>
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      <text bytes="13788" sha1="3nvbgr2viunkfnssp7pgjarnudwquvk" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Buddha Bodhgaya.JPG|thumb|[[Imago]] [[Gautama Buddha|Gautamae Buddhae]] in [[Bodhgaya]] [[India]]e. Bodhgaya secundum [[memoria]]s antiquas habetur locus ubi ipse vigilabat.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20100901113827/http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/buddhistworld/bodgaya.htm De Bodhgaya] (Buddhanet.net).&lt;/ref&gt;]]

'''Buddhismus'''&lt;ref name=NSLO&gt;Ebbe Vilborg, ''Norstedts svensk-latinska ordbok'', editio secunda, 2009.&lt;/ref&gt; (a verbo ''buddha'' 'expergefactus; sapiens'), sive '''Buddhae religio,'''&lt;ref name=NSLO/&gt; est corpus praeceptorum saepe [[religio]] habitum,&lt;ref&gt;''Chambers Dictionary'', 2006; ''Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary'', 2003; ''New Penguin Handbook of Living Religions'', 1998; ''Dewey Decimal System of Book Classification''; [https://web.archive.org/web/20100129202506/http://www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html].&lt;/ref&gt; vel tantum [[vita|modus vivendi]], qui circa [[saeculum 6 a.C.n.|saeculum sextum a.C.n.]] in [[India]] ortus est. Hoc [[cogitatio]]nis [[fides|fideique]] systema potius et practicum quam [[philosophia|philosophicum]] a quodam sapiente solitario sive [[monachus|monacho]] dicto idcirco [[Gautama Buddha|Sakyamuni]], cuius [[nomen proprium|nomen quotidianum]] ''Siddharta Gautama'' fuisse videtur. Ex regali stirpe [[Gotamida]]rum progenitus, [[sapientia]]m quaerens, ad [[Brahman (tribus)|Brahmanes]] se contulit ut ab eis edoceretur; sed eorum [[dogma]]te haud contentus, eos mox reliquit et in [[solitudo|solitudinem]], ubi [[vita]]m austeram ducebat, sese recepit; unde non multo post ad novam doctrinam suam divulgandam prodiit.&lt;ref&gt;Vide, exempli gratia, ''[[Termini et notiones Buddhisticae]].''&lt;/ref&gt; Alius schola docet Buddhismum esse doctrinam qua adsectatores ad sensum [[realitas|realitatem]] ducerentur.&lt;ref&gt;Exemplorum gratia: [[Thich Nhat Hanh]], ''Old Path White Clouds'' ; Dorothy Figen, [https://web.archive.org/web/20080106023144/http://www.buddhistinformation.com/is_buddhism_a_religion1.htm ''Is Buddhism a Religion?'']; Narada Thera, [https://web.archive.org/web/20080217164236/http://www.buddhanet.net/nutshell03.htm ''Buddhism in a Nutshell.'']&lt;/ref&gt; Multi eruditi Buddhismum habentur pluralitatem, non rem unicam.&lt;ref&gt;Gethin 1998:2; Robinson et al., ''Buddhist Religions,'' ed. 5a (Belmont Californiae: Wadsworth, 2004).&lt;/ref&gt; Buddhism etiam appellatur [[Dharma (Buddhismus)|Buddha Dharma vel Dhamma]], quod [[Sanscritice]] et [[Pali]], in [[lingua|linguis]] [[liber sacer|textuum]] antiquorum, 'doctrina vigilantis' significat.

Buddhismus, ut ultima felicitas ab [[homo|homine]] adquiratur, [[Quattuor Veritates Nobiles|quattuor veritates]], uti aiunt, sublimes statuit:
*Sublimem dolentis veritatem: &quot;Existentiam dolorum in hoc mundo et miseriarum maxime in metempsychosi sese manifestantium, a quibus homo liberari debet&quot;
*Sublimem originis dolentis veritatem: &quot;Causam horum dolorum, quae ad concupiscientiam et errorem reducuntur&quot; 
*Sublimem exstinctionis dolentis veritatem: &quot;Annihilationem dolorum sive [[Nirvana]]m&quot;
*Sublimem viae quae ad exstinctionem dolentis ducit veritatem: &quot;Media conducentia ad illam annihilationem sive Nirvanam dolorum&quot;
[[Fasciculus:Flag of Buddhism.svg|thumb|125px|[[Vexillum]] Buddhisticum internationale, anno [[1885]] promulgatum, ex anno [[1950]] internationale Buddhismi signum est.]]

Iam media, ope quorum [[Nirvana]] obtineri potest, octo enumerantur:
*Comprehensio recta: &quot;Via recta fidei et veritatis&quot;
*[[Iudicium]] rectum: &quot;quod dubia omnia de medio tollit''
*[[Lingua]] recta, sive veracitas loquelae
*[[Actio]] recta: &quot;Participatio communis in eo quod fini bono inservit
*[[Vita]] recta
*Conatus rectus: &quot;Exercitium intellectus in actionibus a lege praescriptis&quot;
*Cultus rectus: &quot;Memoria actionum praeteritarum&quot;
*[[Meditatio]] recta: &quot;quae ad Nirvanam conducit&quot;&lt;!--Fons?--&gt;

Ex diversis [[historia|historicorum]] sententiis, quid sit Nirvana, illa esse rectior videtur, quae eam annihilationem sive statum, in quo quaevis vita exhauriatir, esse dicit; nam quidquid de novitae huius doctrinae sit, quae tantum partem moralem systematis Buddhismi tangere videtur, principia sua ex philosophia [[Religio Pantheia|Pantheismi]] materialis et Atomismi Brahminorum sequuntur; iam enim [[Capila]] de comuni quadam vi [[natura]]e, silens de [[Deus|Deo]], loquitur, [[Canada]] quoque compositionem [[corpus|corporum]] sine causa prima explicat. Cum vero vis communis sive natura, ubique diffusa et tamen omnino indeterminata, similis nihilo sit, supremum principium omnium entium et finem esse nihilum absolutum, annihilationem essendi, existendi, cogitandi, sive Nirvanam, mortem completam sequitur; adeo ut omnes actiones morales a Sakyamuni praescriptae via sint ad nihilum, finem omnium philosophi aspirationum.

Per totam enim [[India]]m, tempore regni [[Augustus (imperator)|Augusti]] et [[Tiberius (imperator)|Tiberii]] apud [[Sina (regio)|Sinas]], [[saeculum 7|saeculo septimo]] apud [[Thibetum|Thibetanos]], saeculis [[saeculum 13|tredecimo]] et [[saeculum 14|quarto decimo]] adhuc vividius ubique sub nova forma diffusa est.

==Signa Buddhismi==
[[Fasciculus:Kinkaku-ji.jpg|thumb|[[Kinkaku-ji]], tentorium [[aurum|aureum]], [[templum]] Buddhisticum in [[Iaponia]] situm.]]
[[Octo]] felicia [[Mahayana]]e Vajrayanaeque signa sunt:
{{div col|2}}
*Umbrella
*Piscis aureus
*Vas divitiarum
*[[Lotus]]
*[[Concha]]
*Nodus sine termino
*Vexillum victoriae
*Rota [[Dharma]]e
{{div col end}}

==Disciplinae Buddhisticae==
Sunt tres [[disciplina]]e fundamentales:
*''Hinayana'' (&quot;Vehiculum parvum&quot;), cuius ex traditione his diebus sola ''[[Theravada]]'' (&quot;Disciplina seniorum&quot;) exstat.
*''[[Mahayana]]'' (&quot;Vehiculum magnum&quot;).
*''[[Vajrayana]]'' (in [[cultura Occidentalis|Occidente]] saepe &quot;[[Buddhismus Tibetanus]]&quot; aut &quot;Lamaismus&quot; dicta).

{{NexInt}}
[[Fasciculus:IMG 0361 Kathmandu Bodnath.jpg|thumb|[[Stupa]] [[Bodhnath]] [[Kathmandu]] in urbe [[Nepalia]]e.]]
{{div col|2}}
*[[Asvaghosa]]
*[[Buddhismus et doctrina orientalis]]
*[[Buddhism et Christianitas]]
*[[Buddhismus et Hinduismus]]
*[[Buddhismus et Iainismus]]
*[[Buddhismus et psychologia]]
*[[Buddhismus et scientia]]
*[[Buddhismus et Thelema]]&lt;ref&gt;[[IAO131]]. [http://www.geocities.com/hdbq111/JoTS/JoTS1-1.pdf &quot;Thelema &amp; Buddhism&quot;] in ''Journal of Thelemic Studies'' 1(1) 2007:18–32.&lt;/ref&gt;
*[[Buddhismus Tibetanus]]
*[[Deus in Buddhismo]]
*[[Doctrina Buddhistica]]
*[[Ethice Buddhistica]]
*[[Index rerum Buddhisticarum]]
*[[Index Buddhistarum]]
*[[Philosophia Buddhistica]]
*[[Prostratio (Buddhismus)]]
*[[Shinbutsu shūgō]]
*[[Shitao]]&lt;!--
*[[Termini et notiones Buddhisticae]]--&gt;
*[[Upanishad]]
*[[Zen]]&lt;!--*[[Basic Points Unifying the Theravada and the Mahayana]]
*[[Buddhist Ceremonies]]--&gt;
{{div col end}}

==Notae==
&lt;references /&gt;

==Bibliographia==
[[Fasciculus:Mahayanabuddha.jpg|thumb|Buddhismus Sericus [[mores]] [[Mahayana|Mahayanos]] sequitur, cuius [[schola]]e populo gratissimae hodie sunt [[Terra Pura]] et [[Zen]]. Simulacrum Buddhae sedentis circa [[650]] anno ex [[Domus Tang|Domu Tang]] [[Hebei|Hebei Provinciae]] [[Sinae (regio)|Sinarum]].]]
[[Fasciculus:MahayanaMap.gif|thumb|[[Tabula]] vias propagationis Buddhismi [[Mahayana|Mahayano]] a primo usque ad decimum saeculum ostendit.]]
[[Fasciculus:Central Asian Buddhist Monks.jpeg|thumb|upright|Buddhistici [[monachus]] [[oculus|oculis]] [[caeruleus|caeruleis]] [[Media Asia|Mediae Asiae]] (laeva) et monacus Sericus apud [[Bezeklik]], [[Tarim Basin]]{{dubsig}} orientalis, Sinarum, saeculis [[saeculum 9|nono]] et [[saeculum 10|decimo]].]]
*Armstrong, Karen. [[2001]]. ''Buddha.'' Penguin Books. ISBN 0143034367.
*Bechert, Heinz, et Richard Gombrich, eds. [[1984]]. ''The World of Buddhism.'' Londinii: Thames and Hudson.
*Berzin, Alexander. [[2001]]. [http://www.berzinarchives.com/islam/history_afghanistan_buddhism.html ''Historical Sketch of Buddhism and Islam in Afghanistan.'']
*Buswell, Robert E., ed. [[2003]]. ''Encyclopedia of Buddhism.'' MacMillan Reference Books. ISBN 9780028657189.
*Coogan, Michael D., ed. [[2003]]. ''The Illustrated Guide to World Religions.'' Oxford University Press. ISBN 1844831256.
*Cousins, L. S. [[1996]]. [http://indology.info/papers/cousins/ &quot;The Dating of the Historical Buddha: A Review Article.&quot;] ''Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society,'' series 3, 6(1):57–63.
*Davidson, Ronald M. [[2003]]. ''Indian Esoteric Buddhism: A Social History of the Tantric Movement.'' Novi Eboraci: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0231126190.
*de Give, Bernard. [[2006]]. ''Les rapports de l'Inde et de l'Occident des origines au règne d'Asoka.'' Les Indes savants. ISBN 2846540365.
*Donath, Dorothy C. [[1971]]. ''Buddhism for the West: Theravāda, Mahāyāna and Vajrayāna: a comprehensive review of Buddhist history, philosophy, and teachings from the time of the Buddha to the present day.'' Julian Press. ISBN 0070175330.
*Embree, Ainslie T., Stephen N. Hay, William Theodore de Bary, A. L. Bashram, R. N. Dandekar, Peter Hardy, J. B. Harrison, V. Raghavan, Royal Weiler, et Andrew Yarrow, eds. ([[1958]]) [[1988]]. ''Sources of Indian Tradition: From the Beginning to 1800.'' Vol. 1. Ed. 2a. Novi Eboraci: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0231066511.
*Gethin, Rupert. [[1998]]. ''Foundations of Buddhism.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0192892231.
*Gombrich, Richard F. [[1988]]. ''Theravāda Buddhism: A Social History from Ancient Benares to Modern Colombo.'' Londinii: Routledge. ISBN 0415075858.
*Harvey, Peter. [[1990]]. ''An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices.'' Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521313333.
*Gunaratana, Bhante Henepola. [[2002]]. ''Mindfulness in Plain English.'' Wisdom Publications. ISBN 0861713214.
*Gyatso, Geshe Kelsang. [[2001]]. ''Introduction to Buddhism: An Explanation of the Buddhist Way of Life.'' Ed. 2a. Tharpa Publications. ISBN 9780978906771.
*Juergensmeyer, Mark. [[2006]]. ''The Oxford Handbook of Global Religions.'' Oxford Handbooks in Religion and Theology. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195137989.
*Keown, Damien, et Charles S. Prebish, eds. [[2004]]. ''Encyclopedia of Buddhism.'' Londinii: Routledge. ISBN 9780415314145.
*Kohn, Michael H., ed. [[1991]]. ''The Shambhala Dictionary of Buddhism and Zen.'' Shambhala. ISBN 0877735204.
*Lamotte, Étienne. [[1976]]. ''Teaching of Vimalakirti.'' Convertit ex Francica Sara Boin. Londinii: Pali Text Society, 93. ISBN 0710085400.
*Lowenstein, Tom. [[1996]]. ''The Vision of the Buddha.'' Duncan Baird Publishers. ISBN 1903296919.
*Morgan, Kenneth W., ed. [[1956]]. ''The Path of the Buddha: Buddhism Interpreted by Buddhists.'' Novi Eboraci: Ronald Press.
*Nattier, Jan. [[2003]]. ''A Few Good Men: The Bodhisattva Path according to The Inquiry of Ugra (Ugrapariprccha).'' Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN 0824826078.
*Rahula, Walpola. [[1974]]. ''What the Buddha Taught.'' Grove Press. ISBN 9559219197. ISBN 0802130313.
*Ranjini. ''Jewels of the Doctrine.'' Sri Satguru Publications. ISBN 0791404900.
*Robinson, Richard H., et Willard L. Johnson. ([[1970]]) [[1982]]. ''The Buddhist Religion: A Historical Introduction.'' Ed.3a. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing. ISBN 053401027X.
*Shinjo, Ito. [[2009]]. ''Shinjo:Reflections.'' Somerset Hall Press. ISBN 1935244000.
*Sinha, H. P. [[1993]]. ''Bhāratīya Darshan kī rūprekhā.'' (Proprietates Philosophiae Indicae.) Motilal Banarasidas Publ. ISBN 8120821440.
*Skilton, Andrew. [[1997]]. &lt;!--[http://books.google.com/?id=GEKd4iqH3C0C&amp;dq=history+of+buddhism--&gt; ''A Concise History of Buddhism.'' Windhorse Publications. ISBN 0904766926.
*Smith, Huston, et Phillip Novak. [[2003]]. ''Buddhism: A Concise Introduction.'' HarperSanFrancisco. ISBN 9780060730673.
*Thanissaro Bhikkhu. [[2001]]. ''Refuge: An Introduction to the Buddha, Dhamma, &amp; Sangha.'' Ed. 3a.
*Thich Nhat Hanh. [[1974]]. ''The Heart of the Buddha's Teaching.'' Broadway Books. ISBN 0767903692.
*Vimalakirti. [[1976]]. ''Holy Teaching of Vimalakirti: Mahayana Scripture.'' Convertit Robert A. F. Thurman. Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 0271006013.
*White, Kenneth. [[2005]]. ''The Role of Bodhicitta in Buddhist Enlightenment Including a Translation into English of Bodhicitta-sastra, Benkemmitsu-nikyoron, and Sammaya-kaijo.'' The Edwin Mellen Press. ISBN 0773459855.
*Williams, Paul. [[1989]]. ''Mahayana Buddhism: the doctrinal foundations.'' Londinii: Routledge. ISBN 0415025370.
*Williams, Paul, ed. [[2005]]. ''Buddhism: Critical Concepts in Religious Studies.'' 8 volumina. Londinii et Novi Eboraci: Routledge.
*Williams, Paul, cum Anthony Tribe. [[2000]]. ''Buddhist Thought.'' Londinii: Routledge. ISBN 0415207010.
*Yamamoto, Kosho, interpres, a Tony Page editus et retractatus. [[1999]]–[[2000]]. ''The Mahayana Mahaparinirvana Sutra.'' Nirvana Publications.
*Yin Shun. [[1998]]. ''The Way to Buddhahood: Instructions from a Modern Chinese Master.'' Convertit Yeung H. Wing. Wisdom Publications. ISBN 0861711335.

==Nexus externi==
{{CommuniaCat|Buddhism|Buddhismum}}
*[http://www.accesstoinsight.org Aditus ad &quot;Insight&quot;]
*[http://www.buddhanet.net BuddhaNet]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080725095453/http://www.dmoz.org/Society/Religion_and_Spirituality/Buddhism Buddhism] (Open Directory Project)
*[http://www.aboutbuddhism.org De Buddhismo]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131115045602/http://www.webspawner.com/users/bodhisattva/index.html Orsae scholae Tathagatagarbhae Mahayanae]
*[http://www.vwsp.eu/relig/budh/nut_gr1.htm Praecipuus Buddhismus Theravadus graphice pictus]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
*[http://www.what-Buddha-taught.net Quod Buddha docuit.]
*[http://www.sacred-texts.com/bud/index.htm Texta Buddhismi] (Anglice conversa)

[[Categoria:Religio Buddhistica|!]]

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[[Fasciculus:9-alimenti, formaggi,Taccuino Sanitatis, Casanatense 4182..jpg|thumb|Confectio caseorum in manuscripto ''[[Tacuinum sanitatis|Tacuini sanitatis]]'' [[saeculum 14|saeculo XIV]] picta.]]
'''Cāseus''' (-ī, ''m.'') est [[cibus]] solidus e [[lac]]te [[bos|vaccarum]], [[capra]]rum, [[ovis|ovium]], vel aliorum [[mammalia|mammalium]] factus. [[Bacterium|Bacteria]] lac acidificant; [[coagulum]] coagulat; [[sal]] insuper additur. Casei venditantur varietatum permultarum, aut novi aut veteres, interdum [[fumus|fumosi]] vel [[herba condimentaria|herbis condimentariis]] additis, alii sale conditi; ad caseos nonnullos conficiendos opus est [[mucor]]e. Hoc cibo temporibus praehistoricis invento homines [[Europa]]e, [[Media Asia|Asiae Mediae]] et [[Asia Occidentalis|Occidentalis]], [[Africa Borealis|Africae Borealis]] et [[Africa Orientalis|Orientalis]] fere omnes usi sunt; homines regionum aliarum—ante migrationes temporis recentioris—nec faciebant, nec comedebant.

==Nomina==
[[Fasciculus:Cheese market Basel.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|left|Casei [[Basilea]]e venales.]]
''Caseus'' haec res a [[Latine|Romanis antiquis]] appellatur, verbo origine [[lingua Protoindoeuropaea|Indoeuropaeo]] utentibus cui significatio a fervore bacteriis effecto est. ''Cāseus'', si vero a radice [[Lingua Indoeuropaea|Indoeuropaea]] *''k&lt;sup&gt;w&lt;/sup&gt;ath-'' est (cf. [[Sanscrite]] ''kvath-'' 'fervere', [[Gothice]] ''hwaþjan'' 'spumare', [[Slavonice]] ''kvasŭ'' 'fermentum'), his fere mutationibus phoneticis exstitit: *''k&lt;sup&gt;w&lt;/sup&gt;āt(h)-to-'' &gt; *''k&lt;sup&gt;w&lt;/sup&gt;āsso-'' 'fermentum', cui ''-eus'' suffixum est: *''quāsseus'' &gt; (post [[rhotacismus|rhotacismum]]) *''quāseus'' &gt; ''cāseus''.&lt;ref&gt;Cf. LEW I 176-177 (LEW = Walde, Alois &amp; Hofmann, J.B. (1938-1954) ''[[Lateinisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch]]'', I–II. Heidelberg: Carl Winter.)&lt;/ref&gt; Sunt quidem qui hanc etymologiam repudient de longa radicis /ā/ vocali dubitantes et multiplicitatem mutationum phoneticarum respuentes.&lt;ref&gt;Secundum DELL&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; 103, fieri potest, ut ''caseus'', cui etiam ''caseum'' forma finitima est, verbum mutuatum sit; dicit enim ita: &quot;La variation de genre apparaît dans tout un groupe de mots suspects d'être empruntés (cf. ''balteus, pluteus, puteus'').&quot; (DELL&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; = Ernout, Alfred &amp; Meillet, Antoine (1979) ''[[Dictionnaire Étymologique de la Langue Latine]]. Histoire des mots.'' Quatrième édition. Paris: Klincksieck).&lt;/ref&gt;

Caseus [[Linguae Germanicae|Protogermanice]] appellatus est *''jūsta-z'' (a quo verbo per mutuationem [[Finnice]] ''juusto'') &gt; [[Lingua Nordica antiqua|Nordice]] ''ostr'' (&gt; [[Lingua Suecica|Suecice]] ''ost''). Ita dictum est a spissitudine lactis acidificati, cf. Latine ''iūs'' et ''iūscellum'', Sanscrite ''yūṣa-'' 'iuscellum'. [[Lituanice]] ''sūris'' nuncupatur, [[Lettonice]] ''siers'' a gustu eisdem bacteriis effecto (confer [[Anglice]] ''sour'' 'acidus'). [[Graece|Graeci]] autem {{Polytonic|τυρός}} [{{IPA|ty:'ros}}] 'caseus' appellaverunt, quarta radice Indoeuropaea usi, significatione ex operatione coaguli facta; cf. [[Avestane]] ''tūiri-'' 'lac coagulatum', nec non Latine ''obturare'' et ''[[turunda]]'' (qua anseres saginantur). 

[[Fasciculus:Formaggi.JPG|thumb|Casei in [[Italia]] venales]]
In linguis hodiernis Europaeis verbum Latinum interdum adhibetur, e.g. [[Italiane]] ''cacio'', [[Dacoromanice]] ''caş'', [[Lusitane]] ''queijo''; per mutuationem in linguam Germanicam antiquam [[Theodisce]] ''Käse'', [[Nederlandice]] ''kaas'', [[Anglice]] ''cheese''; per mutuationem in Celticam [[Cambrice]] ''caws'', [[Hibernice]] ''caise''. Sed e nominibus [[lingua Protoromanica|Protoromanicis]] *''forma'' et *''formaticum'' (cf. Latine &quot;forma&quot; [in qua caseus siccatur] et &quot;formula&quot; [caseolus]&lt;ref&gt;[[Palladius]], ''[[Opus agriculturae]]'' 5.9.2&lt;/ref&gt;) defluunt nomina [[Francogallice|Francogallica]] ''fourme'' et ''fromage'', e quo mutuatum est Italianum ''formaggio''&lt;ref&gt;&quot;5.88 cheese&quot; in {{Buck}} p. 385; Dalby (2009) pp. 44-48&lt;/ref&gt; ([[macaronice]] &quot;formaium&quot; et &quot;formaiettum&quot;).&lt;ref&gt;&quot;de tenero, de duro deque mezano formaio&quot;: {{Baldus|1.29; taliter passim}}. &quot;formaiettum lactis&quot;: {{Baldus|4.360}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Origo==
[[Domesticatio]] [[animalia|animalium]] lactantium a [[millennium 7 a.C.n.|millennio septimo a.C.n.]] incepta est, scilicet [[capra|caprarum]] et [[ovis|ovium]] in [[Asia]] meridioccidentali, [[bos|boum]] vel ibidem vel in [[Africa]] [[Sahara]]na; tardius et in aliis [[regio]]nibus [[equus|equorum]], [[bubalus|bubalorum]] necnon [[camelus|camelorum]]. Qua autem epocha homines aut lacte uti coeperint aut caseum invenerint, usque adhuc nescimus. Si recte [[Andreas Sherratt]] [[Commutatio proventuum secundariorum|proventuum secundariorum commutationem]] distinxit, lac (sicut et pellis et lana) minime adhibita est ante hanc vicissitudinem, quae [[millennium 4 a.C.n.|millennio quarto a.C.n.]] ineunte fortasse accidit in Asia meridioccidentali. Alii nunc inventionem mulctionis ad millennium septimum remittunt.&lt;ref&gt;[[Andreas Sherratt|Andrew Sherratt]], &quot;The Secondary Exploitation of Animals in the Old World&quot; in ''World Archaeology'' 15 (1983): 287–316; Richard P. Evershed et al., &quot;Earliest date for milk use in the Near East and southeastern Europe linked to cattle herding&quot; in ''Nature'' 455 (2008): 528–531.&lt;/ref&gt; Archaeologi vestigia [[lipidum|lipidorum]] lacticarum in reliquiis vasorum fictilium eius temporis reperiunt in Asia, temporis paullo posterioris in [[Europa]]e partibus et in [[Britannia]] meridionali.&lt;ref&gt;M.S. Copley et al., &quot;Processing of milk products in pottery vessels through British prehistory&quot; in ''Antiquity'' 79 (2005): 895–908; id. &quot;Dairying in antiquity&quot; in ''Journal of archaeological science'' 32 (2005): 485–546&lt;/ref&gt; Ita, hominibus ab eo tempore lac conligentibus, inventio casei mox evenerit; lac enim in saccis ex animalis [[stomachus|stomacho]] confectis effusum saepe coagulat; [[sal]]e insuper e corio adsorpto, fit caseus servabilis et (iis qui [[lactosum]] tolerant hominibus) edulis. Primam inventionem in [[Europa]], [[Asia Meridioccidentali]], [[Africa Septentrionalis|Africa Septentrionali]] seu [[Africa Orientialis|Orientali]], petimus quia in his regionibus, ut apparet, ea hominis mutatio accidit, quae [[digestio]]nem lactosi adultis permitteret.&lt;ref&gt;[[Fredericus Simoons|Frederick J. Simoons]], &quot;Primary adult lactose intolerance and the milking habit: a problem in biological and cultural interrelations, I: review of the medical research&quot; in ''American Journal of Digestive Diseases'' 14 (1969): 819–836; id. &quot;Primary adult lactose intolerance and the milking habit: a problem in biological and cultural interrelations, II: a culture[-]historical hypothesis&quot; in ''American Journal of Digestive Diseases'' 15 (1970): 695–710.&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Fasciculus:Cabrales blue Cheese.jpg|thumb|Caseus [[Cabrales (caseus)|Cabrales]], olim folio involutus.]]

==Historia==
In [[Aegyptus|Aegypto]], ut creditur, casei duo in sepulchro quodam [[Domus I (Aegyptus)|domus regiae primae]] (c. 3100–2900 a.C.n.) reperti sunt, titulis &quot;''rwt'' australis&quot; et &quot;''rwt'' borealis&quot; adiectis (''rwt'' fortasse 'caseus' significat). In glossariis [[lingua Sumerica|Sumero]]-[[lingua Accadica|Accadicis]] nomen casei est ''ga-har,'' et varietates fere viginti enumerantur, inter quas &quot;candidus&quot;, &quot;recens&quot;, &quot;pinguis&quot; et &quot;acidus&quot;. Similiter in [[lingua Accadica]] nomina varietatum nonnullarum scimus, inter quas caseorum [[herba condimentaria|herbis]], [[dactylus|dactylis]] seu [[vinum|vino]] conditis; [[Hethitice]] casei potuerunt ''huelpi'' 'recentes' esse vel ''damaššanzi'' 'pressi', seu etiam &quot;aridi&quot;, &quot;veteres&quot; etc. Ergo iam ante epocham classicam casei secundum indicia satis multa iudicati sunt et a regionibus distinctis nuncupati.

[[Fasciculus:Feta Greece 2.jpg|thumb|left|Caseus [[Pheta]] sale conditus Graecus]]
Caseos incolae [[Graecia antiqua|Graeciae]] cognoverunt iam ante vulcanicam [[Thera]]e eruptionem: ibi enim in fossionibus [[Therasia]]e caseus (sicut in Aegypto) repertus est; in documentis [[scriptura linearis B|scripturae linearis B]] [[saeculum 13 a.C.n.|saeculi XIII a.C.n.]] casei iuxta vinum aliaque alimenta numerantur. Casei Graeci praesertim e lacte caprino ovinoque facti sunt (et hodie fiunt); in [[mons|montibus]] Graeciae continentalis a [[pastor]]ibus confecti, etiam in insulis [[Creta]] necnon [[Cythnos|Cythno]], ad [[Athenae|Athenas]] aliasque [[urbs|urbes]] provenerunt. [[saeculum 5 a.C.n.|Saeculo V a.C.n.]], caseus e [[Sicilia]] Athenas importatus est, e lacte caprino ovinoque commixto factus. Confectio casei iam a poëta ''[[Odyssea]]e'' descriptus est; [[Cyclops]] enim huius carminis ut pastor (vel Siciliae vel insulae mythicae nativus) capras et oves mulget caseolosque in fiscinis siccat, quos [[Odysseus]] aliique nautae comedunt.

De caseo in aliis regionibus Europae ante tempora Romana facto perpauca scimus. Romani et in [[Italia]] caseum confecerunt amaveruntque, et in provinciis [[Imperium Romanum|imperii]] fere omnibus confectioni casei favebant et pro legionibus emerunt. Caseum in taberna venalem carmen ''[[Copa]]'' describit (&quot;sunt et caseoli, quos iuncea fiscina siccat&quot;);&lt;ref&gt;''Copa'' 17&lt;/ref&gt; caseus ad confectionem [[moretum|moreti]] adhibetur (&quot;sale durus adeso caseus adicitur&quot;);&lt;ref&gt;''[[Moretum]]'' 95-96&lt;/ref&gt; caseos satis multos [[Martialis]] aliique scriptores enumerant et cismarinos (Italicos, [[Hispania|Hispanicos]], [[Gallia|Gallicos]], [[Alpes|Alpinos]]) et transmarinos (Graecicos, [[Asia (provincia Romana)|Asiaticos]]) in varietatibus nonnullis: molles, recentes, manu pressos, aridos, veteres, fumosos, sale conditos. Inter nomina specialia nobis cogniti sunt [[Tolosas caseus|Tolosas]], [[Gabalicus caseus|Gabalicus]], [[Nemausensis caseus|Nemausensis]], [[Vatusicus caseus|Vatusicus]], [[Caedicius caseus|Caedicius]], [[Trebulanus caseus|Trebulanus]], [[Vestinus caseus|Vestinus]], [[Lunensis caseus|Lunensis]] (e [[Luna (urbs)|Luna]] proveniens et imagine [[Luna (satelles)|Luna]]e impressus), [[Docleas caseus|Docleas]], [[Bithynus caseus|Bithynus]] necnon caseus fumosus [[Velabrensis caseus|Velabrensis]] in media [[Roma]] confectus.&lt;ref&gt;Vide praecipue: {{Pnh}} 11.240-242&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Fasciculus:Kaasmarkt2 close.jpg|thumb|Casei [[Gouda (caseus)|Gouda]] in urbe [[Gouda]] venales]]
Imperio occidentali dirupto, de confectio casei in Europa medievali pauciora scimus; sed ex hac periodo primas notitias habemus et casei e lacte [[bubalus|bubalorum]] in [[Italia]] confecti, et [[Caseus aerugosus|casei aerugosi]] (i.e., ope mucoris confecti) [[Francia|Francici]]. Talis enim caseus episcopus quidam, secundum [[Notker Balbulus|Notkerum Balbulum]], [[Carolus Magnus|Carolo Magno]] intulit.&lt;ref&gt;Notker Balbulus, ''[[Gesta Karoli Magni]]'' 15. Nec nomen nec sedem huius episcopi Notker inseruit.&lt;/ref&gt; Confectio casei a [[Libri de re rustica medio aevo scripti|scriptoribus de re rustica]] eius temporis explicatur, crediturque e verbis [[Ibn al-'Awwam]] caseum bubulum primum tunc gratiorem fieri;&lt;ref&gt;Ibn al-'Awwam, ''[[Kitab al-filaha (Ibn al-'Awwam)|Kitab al-filaha]]''; vide Dalby (2009) p. 66.&lt;/ref&gt; sed varietates et nomina specialia a fontibus absunt, [[Parmensis caseus|Parmensi]] excepto quem primus [[Iohannes Boccacius|Boccacius]] anno circiter 1350 nominat,&lt;ref&gt;Iohannes Boccacius, ''[[Decameron]]'' 8.3.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Valachicus caseus|Valachico]]que et [[Creticus caseus|Cretico]] in [[Carmina Prodromica|carminibus Prodromicis]],&lt;ref&gt;''Carmina Prodromica'' 3.178–186 Hesseling.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Siculus caseus|Siculo]] in fontibus Arabicis.&lt;ref&gt;Charles Perry, &quot;Sicilian cheese in medieval Arab recipes&quot; in ''Gastronomica'' vol. 1 no. 1 (February 2001) pp. 76–77.&lt;/ref&gt; Sed sine dubio hoc periodo in tota Europa caseus confectus est sicut et temporibus recentioribus.

In fontibus Europaeis saeculorum XV–XX, permultae varietates enumerantur ex omnibus fere civitatibus sed praecipue [[Francia]]e, [[Italia]]e, et ante omnes alias [[Ducatus Sabaudiae|Sabaudia]]e. Ibi enim [[gastronomia]] casei primum inventam esse creditur, caseo exotico [[Bria (caseus)|Bria]]e a [[Chiquardus|Chiquardo]] coquo ducum Sabaudiae in libro manuali ''[[Du fait de cuisine]]'' anno fere [[1420]] postulatis, libroque ''[[Summa lacticiniorum]]'' anno [[1477]] divulgato a [[Panthaleo de Conflentia|Panthaleone de Conflentia]], medico eiusdem ducatus. Eodem tempore casei singuli [[Helvetia]]e, [[Anglia]]e, [[Nederlandia]]e, [[Germania]]e primum enumerantur; de caseo [[Hispania]]e, [[Graecia]]e civitatumque Europae septentrionalis et orientalis graduatim plura in fontibus variis conscribuntur.

== De confectione et de distinctionibus caseorum ==
A principio lac acidificatur, ope bacteriorum aut interdum [[sucus|suci]] [[Citrus limon|limonum]] seu [[acetum|aceti]]; ita [[saccharum]] in [[acidum lacticum]] convertitur. Mox calefit lac et coagulatur ope [[coagulum|coaguli]] cuiusdam, praecipue aut [[chymosinum|rennini]] ex [[abomasum|abomasis]] [[bos|vitulorum]] subrumorum extracti, aut bacteriorum per combinationem geneticam recenter creatorum. Ita lac &quot;gelatum&quot; (caseus futurus), crebriter commotum, sectum, versum, sale sparsum, siccatum, compressum, a [[serum|sero]] gradatim separatur. De caseo [[Cheddar]] olim sermone eius regionis dicebatur: &quot;''If you will have a good cheese, and have 'n old, you must turn 'n seven times before he is cold''&quot; (&quot;si vis bonum caseum habere et servare, antequam refrigescat debes septies versare&quot;). Perfectio casei in libro Francogallico ''[[Le mesnagier de Paris]]'', anno fere [[1393]] scripto, sic Latine praecipitur:
[[Fasciculus:CheeseMakingAncient.jpg|thumb|Lac ad coagulandum calefit in [[Helvetia]]]]
{{Citatio|Non [[Argus (gigas)|Argus]] nec [[Helena]] nec [[Maria Magdalena]]&lt;br /&gt;
Sed [[Lazarus]] et [[Martinus Gosius|Martinus]] respondens [[Papa|Pontifici]]!| - |Le mesnagier de Paris}}
E quo discimus caseum nec candidum (sicut Helena) nec lacrimosum (sicut Magdalena) nec oculosum (sicut Argus) esse oportere sed maculosum (sicut Lazarus) et solidum (sicut [[Martinus Gosius]]). 

[[Fasciculus:Production of cheese 1.jpg|thumb|left|&quot;Lac gelatum&quot; in doliis secatur ad caseum [[Emmentaler]] parandum]]
[[Fasciculus:Casu_Marzu_cheese.jpg|thumb|Caseus marcidus]]
Exstant autem complures casei varietates, inter se differentes et forma et duritie necnon sapore atque odore. Casei interdum teneri et recentes venditantur, alii multos menses, alii duos vel tres annos servati. Casei varii fiunt sale plus vel minus addito; materie plus vel minus siccata et pressa; forma maiore seu minore, compacta sive extensa. Casei aliqui in siccando iterum ac saepius trahuntur; texturam ita accipiunt resticulosam ([[Italiane]] ''pasta filata''; sic fiunt [[Mozzarella]] e lacte [[bubalus|bubalino]], [[Caciocavallo]], necnon alii). Insuper varietates oriuntur e servatione et curatione caseorum. Sunt qui caseos rapidius maturant, mucoris ope exterioris (sicut [[Bria (caseus)|Briam]], [[Camembert]], [[Neufchâtel]]); alii [[salsura]] lavant, sed et [[cerevisia]], [[vinum|vino]], [[aqua vitae]], itaque bacteria nutriunt saporemque et odorem valde fortificant (sicut caseorum [[Époisses]], [[Maroilles]], [[Munster (caseus)|Munster]]); nonnulli foliorum ope madent (sicut [[Mothais sur feuille]] et [[Valdeón (caseus)|Valdeón]]) vel lignorum (sicut [[Mont d'Or]]); alii caseos fumosos parant. Multi mucorem introducunt (ita maturescuntur casei aerugosi [[Valdeón (caseus)|Valdeón]], [[Cabrales (caseus)|Cabrales]], [[Roquefort (caseus)|Roquefort]], [[Gorgonzola]], [[Stilton (caseus)|Stilton]]). Nonnulli insecta laete accipiunt, aut ''[[Tyroglyphus casei|Tyroglyphum casei]]'' (in [[Milbenkäse]], [[Mimolette vieille]] et caseos [[Cantal (caseus)|Cantal]] vetustiores) aut ''[[Piophila casei|Piophilam casei]]'' (in [[Caseus marcidus|caseum marcidum]] [[Sardinia|Sardum]]).

Casei veteres saepissime e lacte crudo fiunt; casei recentes aliqui e crudo, nonnulli e [[pasteurizatio|pasteurizato]], hosque solos licet in [[CFA|Civitatibus Foederatis]] venundare. Et casei organici venditantur, pretiosi sed nonnullis ob puritatem grati.

Primus omnium auctorum nobis cognitorum [[Lucius Iunius Moderatus Columella|Columella]], scriptor [[Libri de re rustica antiqui|de re rustica]] [[Roma antiqua|Romanus]] [[saeculum 1|saeculi I]], disertim &quot;de caseo faciendo&quot; praecepit:
{{Citatio|[Caseus] porro si tenui liquore conficitur, quam celerrime vendendus est, dum adhuc viridis sucum retinet, si pingui et opimo, longiorem patitur custodiam. Sed lacte fieri debet sincero et quam recentissimo ... et id plerumque cogi agni aut haedi coagulo ... Minimum autem coagulum recipit sinum lactis argentei pondus denarii, nec dubium quin fici ramulis glaciatus caseus iucundissime sapiat. Sed mulctra cum est repleta lacte, non sine tepore aliquo debet esse, nec tamen admovenda est flammis, ut quibusdam placet, sed haut procul igne constituenda, et confestim cum concrevit liquor, in fiscellas aut in calathos vel formas transferendus est; nam maxime refert primo quoque tempore serum percolari et a concreta materia separari. Quam ob causam rustici ... pondera superponunt, quibus exprimatur serum; deinde ut formis aut calathis exemptus est, opaco ac frigido loco, ne possit vitiari, quamvis mundissimis tabulis conponitur, aspargitur tritis salibus, ut exsudet acidum liquorem, atque ubi duratus est, uehementius premitur, ut conspissetur, et rursus torrido sale contingitur rursusque ponderibus condensatur. Hoc cum per dies novem factum est, aqua dulci abluitur et sub umbra cratibus in hoc factis ita ordinatur, ne alter alterum caseus contingat et ut modice siccetur, deinde quo tenerior permaneat, clauso neque ventis obnoxio loco stipatur per conplura tabulata. Sic neque fistulosus neque salsus neque aridus prouenit, quorum vitiorum primum solet accidere si parum pressus, secundum si nimio sale inbutus, tertium si sole exustus est. Hoc genus casei potest etiam trans maria permitti; nam is, qui recens intra paucos dies absumi debet, leuiore cura conficitur, quippe fiscellis exemptus in salem muriamque demittitur et mox in sole paulum siccatur.|[[Lucius Iunius Moderatus Columella|Columella]]|[[Rei rusticae libri (Columella)|Rei rusticae libri]]'' 7.8}}
Nonnulli aromata caseis addunt, inter quae [[piper]] et [[allium sativum|allium]]; idem Columella dixit: &quot;Sunt qui thymum contritum cribroque colatum cum lacte cogant; similiter qualiscumque uelis saporis efficere possis, adiecto quod elegeris condimento.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[[Lucius Iunius Moderatus Columella|Columella]], ''[[Rei rusticae libri (Columella)|Rei rusticae libri]]'' 7.8.7&lt;/ref&gt; [[Crema]] caseis quibusdam additur ([[Caprice des dieux]], [[Brillat-Savarin (caseus)|Brillat-Savarin]], aliis). Tempore nostro &quot;casei confecti&quot; (inter quos [[American cheese]]) fiunt e caseo, sero vel aliis lacticiniis, sale, coloribus chemicis et emulsificantibus.

== Casei in litteris ==
[[Fasciculus:Anthimus Sangallensis 762 p 256 fresh cheese.jpg|thumb|[[Anthimus (legatus)|Anthimus]], ''[[De observatione ciborum]]'' (Codex [[Monasterium Principale Sancti Galli|Sangallensis]] 762 p. 256): De caseo recente]]
De quibusdam caseis fere nihil in fontibus litterariis et historicis patet. Alii famosissimi sunt:
* Inter [[Italia|Italicos]], iuxta Parmensem, reperiuntur in litteris [[Marcelinus]] Florentinus (hodie fere oblitus), [[Cascabellus (caseus)|Cascabellus]] e regionibus meridionalibus advectus, [[Pecorinus]] Sardus necnon Romanus, temporibusque iam recentioribus ''[[mozzarella]]'' e lacte bubalino et ''[[Gorgonzola]]'' (in oppido [[Concordiola]] olim venundata);
* Apud [[Francia|Francicos]], iuxta [[Bria (caseus)|Briensem]], recognoscuntur in fontibus crebrissime [[Casei Francici|casei]] [[Craponensis]] et ''[[Viry]]'' (temporibus nostris perditi), ''[[Roquefort (caseus)|Roquefort]]'', ''[[Cantal (caseus)|Cantal]]'', ''[[Abondance]]'', ''[[Munster (caseus)|Munster]]'', ''[[Maroilles]]'', ''[[Pont-l'Évêque]]'' generatimque casei in [[Sabaudia (regio)|Sabaudia]], [[Pictaviensis|Pictaviense]], [[Arvernia]] et [[Normannia]] confecti; recentius etiam ''[[Reblochon]]'', ''[[Camembert]]'' omnium vulgatissimus, ''[[Neufchâtel]]'' Parisiis valde amatus, ''[[Géromé]]'', hic autem tempore nostro cum ''Munster'' confusus, et ''[[Comté]]'' quem olim confectores ''Gruyère de Comté'' appellaverant; 
* Ex [[Helvetia]] celebres ''[[Gruyère]]'', ''[[Appenzeller (caseus)|Appenzeller]]'', ''[[Schabziger]]'', ''[[Mont d'Or]]'' (hic etiam e finibus Franciae);
* Inter caseos [[Anglia|Anglicos]] ''[[Cheshire (caseus)|Cheshire]]'', ''[[Cheddar (caseus)|Cheddar]]'', ''[[Stilton (caseus)|Stilton]]'', ''[[Gloucester (caseus)|Double Gloucester]]'', ''[[Blue vinny]]'';
* Apud [[Hispania|Hispanos]] ''[[Manchego]]'', ''[[Cabrales (caseus)|Cabrales]]'', ''[[Valdeón (caseus)|Valdeón]]'';
* Inter [[Graecia|Graecos]] ''[[Myzethra]]'', sed recentius praecipue ''[[Pheta]]''.

Iam a saeculo XVI aliqui scriptores nomina singula caseorum recitant ut odores macelli, cibi, cenae, in mente lectorum evocent. Indicem caseorum quem [[Franciscus Rabelaesus]] in ''[[Gargantua (Rabelaesus)|Gargantua]]'' scribere oblitus est, translator Theodiscus [[Iohannes Fischart]] in ''[[Affentheurlich naupengeheurliche Geschichtklitterung]]'' inseruit: &quot;''[[Parmensis (caseus)|Parmasaner]] auß [[Italia|Walen]], die man nicht schneiden, brechen, rauffen noch ropffen darff, sondern schaben ... [[Munster (caseus)|Mönsterkäß]] auß dem [[Elisatia|Weinsas]] ... [[Kreuzkäse|Kreutzkäß]] von [[Donauwörth|Werd]], welche die Schweitzer gern im Wapen führen ... tausentpfündig [[Finnia|Finlendisch]] [[Caseus caprinus|Geyßkäß]] mit Mirten gereuchert''&quot; una cum multis aliis. Idem Fischart sententias macaronicas addidit: &quot;''Caseus und [[cepa|caepe]], die kommen ad prandia saepe ... [[Caseus et panis sunt optima fercula sanis|Caseus und panis sind köstliche fercula sanis]]''&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[[Iohannes Fischart]], ''[[Affentheurlich naupengeheurliche Geschichtklitterung]]'' (1575) cap. 4&lt;/ref&gt; In litteris saeculi XIX exeuntis legimus apud [[Aemilius Zola|Aemilium Zola]] descriptio tabernae caseariae in [[Les Halles (Lutetia)|macello maximo]] [[Lutetia|Parisiano]]: ibi olfactantur &quot;''des [[Port-Salut|port-salut]], semblables à des [[discus|disques]] antiques ... un [[Cheshire (caseus)|chester]] couleur d'[[aurum|or]] ... un [[gruyère]], pareil à une [[rota|roue]] tombée de quelque [[carrus|char]] barbare ... les [[Mont d'Or|mont-d'or]], jaune clair, puant une odeur douceâtre ... un [[livarot]], accouchant d'un peuple de [[Piophila casei|vers]] ... un [[géromé]] [[Pimpinella anisum|anisé]] répandait une infection telle que des [[musca|mouches]] étaient tombées autour de la boîte''&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;[[Aemilius Zola|E. Zola]], ''[[Le ventre de Paris]]'' (1873) pp. 274-276&lt;/ref&gt;

== De regimine et nutritione ==
[[Nederlandia|Batavis]] hodiernis caseus ad [[ientaculum]] infertur; aliis potius ad [[prandium]] seu [[cena]]m, [[Francia|Francis]] ante [[dulcia]], [[Britannia|Britannis]] post dulcia, quibusdam dulciis omissis. Ad cenas generosiores et in popinis infertur saepe catillus caseos varios praebens quorum convivae frusta tum hinc tum illinc capiunt et cum pane seu biscocto sumunt. Sed apud permultos homines caseus simpliciter manducatur cum pane, epulam fere totam in se constituens; saepe in panem imponitur et sic coquitur ([[Anglice]]: ''toasted cheese sandwich'', ''Welsh rarebit''; [[Francogallice]]: ''croque-monsieur''). 

Medici antiqui caseum inter medicamenta digestiva numeraverunt. [[Marcellus Empiricus|Marcellus Burdigalensis]] dixit: &quot;Caseus ovillus vetustus in cibo sumptus vel rasus et cum vino potus coeliaco medetur.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Marcellus Empiricus, ''[[De medicamentis (Marcellus)|De medicamentis]]'' 27.78.&lt;/ref&gt; De caseo sic praecepit carmen mediaevale sub titulo ''[[Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum]]'':

[[Fasciculus:200501 - 6 fromages.JPG|thumb|Casei [[Francia|Francici]] ad cenam selecti]]
{{Citatio|Caseus est frigidus, stipans, grossus quoque, durus.&lt;br/&gt;
[[Caseus et panis sunt optima fercula sanis|Caseus et panis, bonus est cibus hic bene sanis]].&lt;br/&gt; 
Si non sunt sani, tunc hunc non iungito pani.&lt;br/&gt; 
Ignari medici me dicunt esse nocivum,&lt;br/&gt;
sed tamen ignorant cur nocumenta feram.&lt;br/&gt; 
Languenti stomacho caseus addit opem,&lt;br/&gt; 
si post sumatur terminat ille dapes.&lt;br/&gt; 
Qui physicam non ignorant, haec testificantur.| - |Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum}}

Studia regiminis hodierna caseum praebere docent praecipue [[calcium]], [[proteinum]], [[phosphorus|phosphorum]], et [[pingue saturatum]]. Qui 30 grammata casei Cheddar sumit 7 grammata proteini, 200 milligrammata calcii adsorbet.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cnn.com/FOOD/resources/food.for.thought/dairy/compare.dairy.html CNN Interactive] per en:wiki&lt;/ref&gt; An pingue saturatum in caseo continutum morbos cardiacos circulatoriosque concitat, non satis liquet: [[Francia|Franci]] enim et [[Graecia|Graeci]], qui plus quam alii casei consumunt, morbis cardiacis minus subiiciuntur.

== De mercatura caseorum ==
Ex omnibus orbis terrarum civitatibus in quibus caseus fabricatur, decem praecipui annis 2006–2008 fuerunt:
* [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] : [[chiliogramma|kg]] 4&amp;nbsp;275&amp;nbsp;000&amp;nbsp;000 (2006)
* [[Germania]] : kg 1&amp;nbsp;927&amp;nbsp;000&amp;nbsp;000 (2008)
* [[Francia]] : kg 1&amp;nbsp;884&amp;nbsp;000&amp;nbsp;000 (2008)
* [[Italia]] : kg 1&amp;nbsp;149&amp;nbsp;000&amp;nbsp;000 (2008)
* [[Nederlandia]] : kg 732&amp;nbsp;000&amp;nbsp;000 (2008)
* [[Polonia]] : kg 594&amp;nbsp;000&amp;nbsp;000 (2008)
* [[Brasilia]] : kg 495&amp;nbsp;000&amp;nbsp;000 (2006)
* [[Aegyptus]] : kg 462&amp;nbsp;000&amp;nbsp;000 (2006)
* [[Argentina]] : kg 425&amp;nbsp;000&amp;nbsp;000 (2006)
* [[Australia]] : kg 395&amp;nbsp;000&amp;nbsp;000 (2006)
Ex orbis terrarum civitatibus unde caseus aliis nationibus exportatur, decem praecipui anno 2004 fuerunt:
* [[Francia]] : $2&amp;nbsp;658&amp;nbsp;441&amp;nbsp;000
* [[Germania]] : $2&amp;nbsp;416&amp;nbsp;973&amp;nbsp;000
* [[Nederlandia]] : $2&amp;nbsp;099&amp;nbsp;353&amp;nbsp;000
* [[Italia]] : $1&amp;nbsp;253&amp;nbsp;580&amp;nbsp;000
* [[Dania]] : $1&amp;nbsp;122&amp;nbsp;761&amp;nbsp;000
* [[Australia]] : $643&amp;nbsp;575&amp;nbsp;000
* [[Nova Zelandia]] : $631&amp;nbsp;963&amp;nbsp;000
* [[Belgia]] : $567&amp;nbsp;590&amp;nbsp;000
* [[Hibernia]] : $445&amp;nbsp;240&amp;nbsp;000
* [[Britanniarum Regnum]] : $374&amp;nbsp;156&amp;nbsp;000
Ex orbis terrarum populis caseum hodie edentibus, hi sunt qui pondus maximum per hominem anno 2003 consumpserint:
* [[Graecia|Graeci]] : [[chiliogramma|kg]] 27.3 per hominem per annum
* [[Francia|Franci]] : kg 24.0
* [[Italia|Itali]] : kg 22.9
* [[Helvetia|Helveti]] : kg 20.6
* [[Germania|Germani]] : kg 20.2
* [[Nederlandia|Batavi]] : kg 19.9
* [[Austria|Austriaci]] : kg 19.5
* [[Suecia|Sueci]] : kg 17.9

== Genera casei ==
* [[Asiagum|Axiliacensis]]
* [[Congorciola (caseus)|Congorciola]]

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Bibliographia ==
; Fontes antiquiores
* 1477 : [[Panthaleo de Conflentia]], ''[[Summa lacticiniorum|Summa lacticiniorum completa]]'' ([https://archive.org/details/GE0036C.C.470/page/n29/mode/1up editio 1508])
* 1541 : [[Conradus Gesnerus]], ''Libellus de lacte, et operibus lactariis, philologus pariter ac medicus ...''  Tigurini, 1541 [http://books.google.at/books?id=G0IJvTnlDfcC&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;hl=de&amp;source=gbs_ge_summary_r&amp;cad=0#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false Textus apud Google Books]
* 1804 : [[Grimod de la Reynière]] et al., ''[[Almanach des gourmands]]'' vol. 2 (2a ed. 1804) [http://www.archive.org/details/almanachdesgour00costgoog pp. 222-229]

; Litterae recentiores
* Roland Barthélémy, Arnaud Sperat-Czar, ''Cheeses of the world: a season-by-season guide to buying, storing and serving''. London: Hachette Illustrated, 2004.
* Robert Carlton Brown, ''The Complete Book of Cheese''. Novi Eboraci, 1955 [http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/14293 Textus apud gutenberg.org]
* Osbert Burdett, ''A little book of cheese''. London: Gerald Howe, 1935
* M. S. Copley et al., &quot;Dairying in antiquity&quot; in ''Journal of archaeological science'' vol. 32 (2005) pp. 485-546
* [[Andreas Dalby|Andrew Dalby]], ''Cheese: a global history''. Londinii: Reaktion Books, 2009. ISBN 9781861895233
* Catherine Donnelly, ed., ''The Oxford Companion to cheese''. Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press, 2016
* Patrick F. Fox, ed., ''Cheese: Chemistry, Physics and Microbiology: General Aspects''. Novi Eboraci: Springer, 1999. ISBN 0-8342-1338-9 {{Google Books|U_mj5DANAeoC|Paginae selectae}}
* J. G. Gibb, D. J. Bernstein, D. F. Cassedy, &quot;Making cheese: archaeology of a nineteenth century industry&quot; in ''Historical archaeology'' vol. 24 (1990) pp. 18-33
* Sundaram Gunasekaran, M. Mehmet Ak, ''Cheese Rheology and Texture''. CRC Press, 2002. ISBN 1-58716-021-8 {{Google Books|1UDOiZFOyw4C|Paginae selectae}}
* Sarah B. McClure et al., &quot;[https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0202807 Fatty acid specific δ13C values reveal earliest Mediterranean cheese production 7,200 years ago]&quot; in ''PLOS One'' (5 Septembris 2018)
* J. Mulville, A. Outram, edd. ''The zooarchaeology of fats, oils, milk and dairying''. Oxonii: Oxbow Books, 2005
* Ivana Ožanić Roguljić, &quot;[http://iarh.academia.edu/IvanaOžanićRoguljić/Papers/660514/De_caseo_faciendo De caseo faciendo]&quot; in ''Prilozi Instituta za arheologiju u Zagrebu'' vol. 27 (2010) pp. 171-176
* André L. Simon, ''Cheeses of the world''. London: Faber, 1960

; De singulis regionibus
* Daniel Balland, &quot;[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/cheese-pers Cheese]&quot; in ''[[Encyclopaedia Iranica]] Online'' (1991/2011)
* [[Carolus Ginzburg|Carlo Ginzburg]], ''The Cheese and the Worms: The Cosmos of a Sixteenth-century Miller''. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992. ISBN 0-8018-4387-1 {{Google Books|4IUREWq_o3MC|Paginae selectae}}
* [[Fridericus Simoons|Frederick J. Simoons]], &quot;The traditional limits of milking and milk use in southern Asia&quot; in ''Anthropos'' vol. 65 (1970) pp. 547-593 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40457394 JSTOR]
* Charles Thom, Walter W. Fisk, ''The book of cheese''. Novi Eboraci: Macmillan, 1918 [https://archive.org/details/bookofcheese00thomrich Textus] apud ''Internet Archive''

; De singulis caseis
* Pierre Boisard, ''Le Camembert: mythe national''. Lutetiae: Calmann-Lévy, 1992; titulo ''Le camembert, mythe français'', Lutetiae: Odile Jacob, 2007
* Trevor Hickman, ''The history of Stilton cheese''. Stroud: Alan Sutton, 1996
* Kees de Roest, ''The production of Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese : the force of an artisanal system in an industrialised world''. Assen: Van Gorcum, 2000

{{NexInt}}
*[[Handkäse]]
*[[Lactarium]]

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Cheese|caseum}}
; Generalia
* [http://www.cheese.com/ Encyclopaedia caseorum] apud cheese.com {{Ling|Anglice}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20210610042351/http://www.formaggio.it/ Encyclopaedia caseorum] apud formaggio.it {{Ling|Italiane}}
* ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20100728210800/http://www.kaeseseite.de/ Die Käseseite]'' (situs casei) {{Ling|Theodisce}}
* ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20100819084306/http://www.univers-fromages.com/ Univers Fromages]'' (encyclopaedia) {{Ling|Francogallice}}
* Renee Shelton, &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20100725020702/http://www.beachcuisine.com/Articles/Culinary/Cheese.htm Cheese Guide &amp; Terminology]&quot; {{Ling|Anglice}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101020120020/http://foodsubs.com/Cheese.html De caseo] apud ''The Cook's Thesaurus'' {{Ling|Anglice}}
* [http://www.produits-laitiers.com/ De lacticiniis] {{Ling|Francogallice}}
* ''[http://www.fromagedumois.org/ Fromage du Mois: the quest for amateur cheese excellence]'' {{Ling|Anglice}}
* ''[http://tout1fromage.canalblog.com/ Tout Un Fromage: Le blog de référence sur le Fromage]'' {{Ling|Francogallice}}

; Confectio casei
* &quot;[http://www.inra.fr/la_science_et_vous/apprendre_experimenter/aliments_fermentes/le_fromage Le fromage]&quot; apud ''La science et vous'' {{Ling|Francogallice}}
* &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130531223347/http://www.fermeduvinage.fr/spip.php?article17 La fabrication du fromage en vidéo]&quot; {{Ling|Francogallice}}
* &quot;[http://www.foodsci.uoguelph.ca/cheese/welcom.htm Cheese site]&quot; apud University of Guelph Food Science {{Ling|Anglice}}
* David B. Fankhauser, &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130129100326/http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/cheese/cheese_course/cheese_course.htm Beginning cheese making]&quot; (casei confectio) {{Ling|Anglice}}

; Specialia
* ''[http://www.cheesemarketnews.com/ Cheese Market News]'': the weekly nerwspaper of the nations cheese and dairy/deli business (De mercatura casei in Civitatibus Foederatis) {{Ling|Anglice}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070811125439/http://www.fas.usda.gov/dlp/circular/2005/05-12Dairy/toc.htm Statistica de mercatura casei in orbe terrarum] {{Ling|Anglice}}
* [http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/product_details/dataset?p_product_code=TAG00040 Statistica de mercatura casei Europaea] {{Ling|Theodisce|Francogallice|Anglice}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090717012359/http://cerefia.univ-rennes1.fr/cerefia/Dossiers/Sect/lait/ De mercatura caseorum Francica] {{Ling|Francogallice}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060925192135/http://www.virtualroom.de/cheese.htm De syllabis caseorum] {{Ling|Theodisce|Anglice}}
* ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20100515172131/http://www.journeenationaledufromage.com/ Journée nationale du fromage]'' (celebratio annualis caseorum Francica) {{Ling|Francogallice}}

[[Categoria:Casei|!]]
[[Categoria:Caseus|!]]
{{1000 paginae}}

{{Myrias|Anthropologia}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Burgenlandia</title>
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|-
|style=&quot;background:#FF0000;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;big&gt;'''Burgenlandia'''&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| width=&quot;50%&quot; | [[Fasciculus:Flag of Burgenland.svg|130px|border|Vexillum]]
| width=&quot;50%&quot; | [[Fasciculus:Burgenland Wappen.svg|80px|Insigne]]
|-
! [[Vexillum]]
! [[Insigne]]
|-
|align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[Fasciculus:Karte oesterreich burgenland.png|200px|Situs Burgenlandiae in Austria]]
|-
|align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;small&gt;Situs Burgenlandiae in [[Austria]]&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|style=&quot;background:#FF0000;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|'''Res geographicae'''
|-
|Caput
|[[Ferreum Castrum]] 
|-
|Area
|3 965.46 km²
|-
|Numerus incolarum (die 01 Aprilii 2010)&lt;ref&gt;In: Statistik Austria (Die 19 Maii 2010).&lt;/ref&gt;
|283 954
|-
|Spissitudo incolarum
|72 /[[Chiliometrum quadratum|km²]]
|-
|Numerus [[Circulus (iurisdictio)|circulorum]]
|7
|-
|Numerus [[Municipium|municipiorum]]
|2
|-
|Numerus [[Commune|communium]]
|171
|-
|Zona Horae
|UTC +1, +2
|-
|Pagina interretialis
|[http://www.bgld.gv.at/www.bgld.gv.at]{{Nexus deficit|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
|-
|style=&quot;background:#FF0000;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|'''Res politicae'''
|-
|Gubernator
|[[Ioannes Petrus Doskozil]] ([[Socialis Democratica Factio Austriae|SPÖ]])
|-
|Numerus consiliariorum
|36
|-
|Electi sunt anno
|2009
|-
|Membra consilii
|18 [[Socialis Democratica Factio Austriae|SPÖ]], 13 [[Factio Popularis Austriaca|ÖVP]], 3 [[Factio Libera Austriae|FPÖ]], 1 [[Virides – Optio Viridis|BL]], 1 ''Liste Burgenland
|-''
|align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[Fasciculus:Carl Reiner Burg Schlaining.jpg|280px|Burg Schlaining]]
|-
|align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot;|&lt;small&gt;''Schlaining'', arx historica in Burgenlandia&lt;/small&gt;
|}

'''Burgenlandia'''&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20140821225255/http://www.faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=79129 Pagina interretialis de subspecie nomine &quot;''Chrysis phryne burgenlandia''&quot; (quae Austriam saepe habitat)]. Nomina aliis linguis: [[lingua Hungarica|Hungarice]]: ''Várvidék''; [[Lingua Slovenica|Slovenice]]: ''Gradiščanska''; [[Lingua Croatica|Croatice]]: ''Gradišće''&lt;/ref&gt; (litteratim &quot;Terra castrorum&quot;) est [[civitas]] [[Austria]]e Orientalis, cuius caput est [[Ferreum Castrum]]. In regiones tres divisa est, Burgenlandia septentrionalis, centralis et australis.

[[Fasciculus:Burgenland Nord-Mittel-Süd.svg|thumb|left|Burgenlandia septentrionalis, centralis et australis in coloribus variis (tabula)]]
==Administratio==
;Regiones urbanae
* [[Ferreum Castrum]] (E)
* [[Rust]] (RU)

;Regiones
* [[Neusiedl am See]] (ND)
* [[Vicinitas Ferrei Castri]] (EU)
* [[Mattersburg]] (MA)
* [[Oberpullendorf]] (OP)
* [[Oberwart]] (OW)
* [[Güssing]] (GS)
* [[Jennersdorf]] (JE)

==Hymnus==
Burgenlandicum hymnum exaravit [[Ernestus Iosephus Görlich]] in melodiam Petri Zauner. Qui ''Mein Heimatvolk, mein Heimatland'' incipit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.burgenland.at/verwaltung/land-burgenland/landeshymne/ plura de hymno in paginis officialibus]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Notae ==
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;&lt;references /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

== Nexus externi ==
{{communia|Burgenland|Burgenlandiam}}
* [http://www.burgenland.at Situs officialis] {{Ling|Theodisce}}
* [http://www.burgenland.info/ Situs de Burgenlandia] {{Ling|Theodisce|Anglice|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane|Hungarice|Slovacice|Batave}}

{{Austria}}

[[Categoria:Burgenlandia|!]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>10 Iunii</title>
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      <comment>de Die mundialis generis fluralis</comment>
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      <text bytes="6690" sha1="sv3elneq9b6b8vnzkm9wttgka0svdlx" xml:space="preserve">{{Calendarium-Iunii}}
'''10 Iunii''' [[dies]] 161ª anni est (162ª [[Annus bisextilis|anni bisextilis]]) in [[Calendarium Gregorianum|calendario Gregoriano]]. 204 dies manent.

Secundum [[calendarium Romanum]] est ''ante diem quartum Idus Iunias'', quae a.d. IV Id. Iunias [[abbreviatio|abbreviantur]].


== Eventa ==
[[Fasciculus:AMH-6763-NA Bird's eye view of Manila.jpg|thumb|[[Manila]] anno 1665 picta]]
=== Saeculo 16 ===
* [[1574]] - [[Manila]], urbs [[Philippinae|Philippinarum]], conditur.

=== Saeculo 18 ===
* [[1793]] - [[Lutetia]]e [[Museum Nationale Historiae Naturalis (Lutetia)|Museum Nationale Historiae Naturalis]] constituitur.

=== Saeculo 19 ===
* [[1863]] - Copiae [[Secundum Imperium Francicum|Francicorum]] [[Elias Fridericus Forey|Eliade Friderico Forey]] marescalco duce [[Mexicopolis|Mexicopolin]] expugnant.
* [[1865]] - [[Melodrama|Drama musicum]] ''Tristan und Isolde'' a [[Ricardus Wagner|Ricardo Wagner]] primum agitur.
* [[1894]] - Milites [[Sina|Sinenses]] [[Corea]]m invadunt.

=== Saeculo 20 ===
* [[1967]] - [[Bellum Sex Dierum]] finitur: [[Aegyptus]], [[Iordania]] et [[Syria]] ab [[Israel]]e brevissime victi sunt.

=== Saeculo 21 ===
* [[2011]] - [[Consilium securitatis]] resolutionem 1985 de [[Corea Septentrionalis|Corea Septentionali]] decernit.

== Nati ==
=== Saeculo 18 ===
* [[1700]] - [[Evaldus Georgius von Kleist]], iuris consultus et physicus [[Germania|Germanicus]] (mortuus anno [[1748]]) 
* [[1753]] - [[Gulielmus Eustis]], gubernator [[Massachusetta]]e (mortuus anno [[1825]])
* [[1775]] - [[Iacobus Barbour]], gubernator [[Virginia]]e (mortuus anno [[1842]])
* [[1799]] - [[Theodorus Bruni]], [[pictor]] [[Russia|Russicus]] (mortuus [[1875]])

=== Saeculo 19 ===
* [[1804]] - [[Hermannus Schlegel]], zoologus, herpetologus et ornithologus [[Germania|Germanicus]] (†&amp;nbsp;[[1884]])
* [[1819]] - [[Gustavus Courbet]], pictor [[Francia|Francicus]] (mortuus [[1877]])
* [[1835]] - [[Ferdinandus IV Tusciae]] (mortuus anno [[1908]]).
* [[1855]] - [[Carolus Allen Culberson]], politicorum peritus [[CFA|Americanus]] [[Factio Democratica (CFA)|factionis Democraticae]]; (mortuus anno [[1925]]).
* [[1860]] - [[Chariclea Darclée]], theatri lyrici ([[supranus|supranista]]) [[Romania|Dacoromanica]] (mortua anno [[1939]])
* 1863 - [[Ludovicus Couperus]], scriptor [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]] (mortuus anno [[1923]])
* 1867 - [[Iulius Meier-Graefe]], [[Historia artis|historiae artis]] studiosus Germanicus (mortuus anno [[1935]])
* [[1869]] - [[Constantinus Angelescu]], medicus et vir publicus Dacoromanicus (mortuus anno [[1948]])
* [[1876]] - [[Gulielmus Ernestus (Saxonia-Vimarii-Eisenach)|Gulielmus Ernestus]] dux magnus [[Saxonia-Vimarii-Eisenach|Saxoniae-Vimarii-Eisenach]] (mortuus anno 1923)
* [[1880]] - [[Andreas Derain]], pictor, [[sculptor]] et [[Graphica|graphicus]] Francicus (mortuus anno [[1954]])
* 1884 - [[Gualtherius Schreiber]], vir publicus Germanicus (mortuus anno [[1958]])
* [[1887]] - [[Harry Flood Byrd maior]], gubernator Virginiae (mortuus anno [[1966]])
* [[1895]] - [[Hattie McDaniel]], actrix Americana (mortua anno [[1952]])

=== Saeculo 20 ===
* [[1903]] - [[Fridericus Born]], legatus [[Helvetia|Helveticus]], ''iustus inter gentes'' (mortuus anno [[1963]])
* [[1904]] - [[Gulielmus Agatz]], dux collegiorum opificum ac vir publicus Germanicus factionis [[KPD]], deinde [[SED]] (†&amp;nbsp;[[1957]])
* [[1913]] - [[Tycho Chrennikov]], compositor [[URSS|Sovieticus]] et Russicus (mortuus [[2007]])
* [[1915]] - [[Saul Bellow]], scriptor Americanus (†&amp;nbsp;[[2005]])
* [[1921]] - [[Princeps Philippus, dux Edimburgi]] (mortuus anno [[2021]])
* [[1922]] - [[Judy Garland]], actrix Americana (mortua anno [[1969]])
* [[1925]] - [[Iacobus Salter]], scriptor Americanus (mortuus anno [[2015]])
* [[1929]]
** [[Ludmila Zykina]], cantrix Sovietica et Russica (mortua [[2009]])
** [[Eugenius Čazov]], cardiologus Sovieticus et Russicus (mortuus anno 2021) 
* [[1930]] - [[Elias Glazunov]], pictor Sovieticus et Russicus (mortuus anno [[2017]])
* [[1932]] - [[Philippus Jenninger]], vir publicus Germanicus (mortuus anno [[2018]])
* [[1934]] - [[Aloysius Mock]], rerum politicarum peritus [[Austria]]cus (mortuus anno [[2017]])
* [[1949]] - [[Iohannes Sentamu]], [[archiepiscopus]] [[Eboracum|Eboracensis]] in [[Ecclesia Anglicana]], metropolitanus [[Provincia]]e Eboracensis, ac [[primas]] [[Anglia]]e
* [[1955]] - [[Annetta Schavan]], politicorum perita Germanica
* [[1959]] - [[Eliot Spitzer]], gubernator [[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]] 
* [[1971]] - [[Piyush Jindal]], gubernator [[Ludoviciana]]e
* [[1974]] - [[Simon Elliott]], [[pedilusor]] [[Nova Zelandia|Novae Zelandiae]]
* [[1982]] - [[Madeleine (principissa Sueciae)|Madeleine]], principissa [[Suecia]]e
* [[1983]] - [[Stephanus von Bergen]], pedilusor Helveticus
* [[1985]] - [[Andreas Schleck]], birotarius [[Luxemburgum|Luxemburgensis]]

== Mortui ==
=== Saeculo 12 ===
* [[1190]] - [[Fridericus I (imperator)|Fridericus I]] imperator in flumine [[Calycadnus|Calycadno]] mergitur et necatur (natus est circa annum [[1122]])

=== Saeculo 16 ===
* [[1580]] - [[Ludovicus Camonius]], poeta nationalis [[Lusitania]]e

=== Saeculo 19 ===
* [[1860]] - [[Alexander Ferdinandus Parseval-Deschênes]], praefectus classis Francicus (natus anno [[1790]])
* [[1882]] - [[Basilius Perov]], pictor Russicus (natus [[1833]])

=== Saeculo 20 ===
* [[1903]] - [[Ludovicus Cremona]], mathematicus [[Italia|Italicus]] (natus anno [[1830]])
* [[1905]] - [[Friedericus Henricus Suso Denifle]], [[Dominicani|Dominicanus]] et ecclesiae [[rerum gestarum scriptor]] [[Austria]]cus (natus anno [[1844]])
* [[1924]] - [[Iacobus Matteotti]], politicorum peritus Italicus (natus anno [[1885]])
* [[1930]] - [[Adolfus Harnack]],  [[theologus]] et [[Ecclesia]]e [[rerum gestarum scriptor]] Germanicus (natus anno [[1851]])
* 1949 - [[Sigrida Undset]], scriptrix [[Norvegia|Norvegica]] (nata anno [[1882]])
* 1959 - [[Vitalis Bianchi]], scriptor Russicus Sovieticus (natus anno [[1894]]).
* [[1967]] - [[Spencer Tracy]], histrio Americanus (natus anno [[1900]])
* [[1982]] - [[Rainer Werner Fassbinder]], histrio et moderator cinematographicus Germanicus (natus est anno [[1945]])
* [[1988]] - [[Ludovicus L'Amour]], scriptor Americanus (natus anno [[1908]])
* [[2000]] - [[Hafiz al-Assad]], vir publicus [[Syria]]e (natus anno 1930)

=== Saeculo 21 ===
* [[2004]] - [[Ray Charles]], musicus Americanus (natus anno 1930)
* [[2016]] - [[Christina Grimmie]], cantrix Americana (nata anno [[1994]])

== Festa et Feriae ==
* Dies Lusitaniae (dies mortis Ludovici Camonii)
* [[Dies mundialis generis floralis]] (Museum artis appicatae Budapestinense)

{{menses}}

[[Categoria:Dies]]</text>
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    <title>Bernina</title>
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      <text bytes="2392" sha1="3ph2fkk4dlx44zmpyddntm0iip0vb5m" xml:space="preserve">{{Arca transitus|
imago=BerninapassSee.jpg|
nomen vulgare=|
capitulum=Lacus|
Altitudo=2328|
Terra=[[Helvetia]]|
Regio=[[Grisonia]]|
Oppidum= Inter [[urbs Sancti Mauritii|urbem Sancti Mauritii]] et [[Tiranum]]|
|latd                                  =46 
|latm                                  =24 
|lats                                  =44.64
|latNS                                 =N  
|longd                                 =10 
|longm                                 =1 
|longs                                 =42.6
|longEW                                =E|
}}
[[Fasciculus: CH_bernina_pass1.jpg |thumb|Transitus Bernina [[hiems|hieme]] visus.]]
'''Bernina mons,'''&lt;ref&gt;Adolf Wäber, &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210617230445/https://download.burgenverein-untervaz.ch/downloads/dorfgeschichte/1911-Fr%C3%BChere%20B%C3%BCndner%20Bergnamen.pdf Bündner Berg- und Passnamen vor dem XIX. Jahrhundert]&quot; in ''Jahrbuch der Schweizer Alpenclub'' (1911/1912) pp. 148-182&lt;/ref&gt; est transitus [[Alpes|alpinus]] 2328 metrorum [[altitudo|altus]] in [[Helvetia]]e pago [[Grisonia]] inter [[valles]] [[Vallis Eniatina|Engadinam]], [[Grisonia]]m [[Pesclavium|Pesclavii]], et [[Vallis Telina|Telinam]] [[Italia]]e situs.

==Geographia==
Apud transitum sub monte [[Barnynia]] sunt [[deversorium|hospitium]] ac duo [[lacus]]: Lacus Niger ([[Lingua Romancica|Romancice]] ''Lej Nair'') et Lacus Albus ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]] ''Lago Bianco'').

==Historia==
Praesens via, quae 37 chiliometra [[longitudo|longa]] patet, inter annos [[1842]] et [[1865]] perforata urbes [[Fanum Sancti Mauritii]] et [[Pons Sarisina|Pontem Sarisinam]] septentrionales et Pesclavium vel etiam [[Tiranum]] [[Langobardia|regionis Langobardiae]] ad meridiem conexit.

Celebris est linea [[Ferrivia Raetica|ferriviae Raeticae]] Berninana appellata, quae hic transit. [[Statio ferriviaria|Stationes]] ferriviae super transitum et locis appellatis Bernina Suot et Alpis Grüm ab [[architectus|architecto]] [[Nicolaus Hartmann (1880)|Nicolao Hartmann]] annis a [[1922]] ad [[1925]] constructae sunt.&lt;ref&gt;L. Dosch, ''Die Bauten der Rhätischen Bahn: Geschichte einer Architektur 1889 bis 1949'' (Turego 1984), 147-155.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Notae==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Nexus externi==
{{CommuniaCat|Berninapass|Berninam}}

{{transitus Alpium}}

[[Categoria:Res geographicae Grisoniae]]
[[Categoria:Transitus Alpium]]
[[Categoria:Viae Helvetiae]]</text>
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    <title>Axon</title>
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      <text bytes="6077" sha1="ibdoe7q7un546huprcsrlgyiyhc59r0" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Neuron_la.svg|right|thumb|300px|Schema [[neuron]]i - '''Axon''' est pars [[Flammeus|flammea]] picta.]]
'''Axon'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Donáth1969&quot;&gt;Donáth, T. &amp; Crawford, G.C.N. (1969). ''Anatomical dictionary with nomenclature and explanatory notes.'' Oxoniae/Londinii/Edinburgi/Novi Eboraci/Toronti/Sidneii/Lutetiae/Brunsvici: Pergamon Press.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Arnaudov&quot;&gt;Arnaudov, G.D. (1964). ''Terminologia medica polyglotta. Latinum-Bulgarski-Russkij-English-Français-Deutsch.'' Serdicae: Editio medicina et physcultura.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NHV1994&quot;&gt;International Committee on Veterinary Histological Nomenclature (1994). ''Nomina  Histologica.'' Turici/Ithacae/Novi Eboraci.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;TH&quot;&gt;Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology (FICAT) (2005). ''Terminologia Histologica. International terms for human cytology and histology.'' Philadelphiae/Baltimorae/Novi Eboraci/Londinii/Boni Aëris/Hongcongi/Sidneii/Tokii: Wolter Kluwers-Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins.&lt;/ref&gt;  (-onis, ''m.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;Freund1844&quot;&gt;Freund, W. (1844/45). ''Gesammtwörterbuch der lateinischen Sprache, zum Schul- und Privat-Gebrauch.'' Bratislaviae: Georg Philipp Aderholz.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Arnaudov&quot;/&gt;; -onos, ''m.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;Donáth1969&quot;/&gt;) sive '''axonum'''&lt;ref name=&quot;TH&quot;&gt;Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology (FICAT) (2005). ''Terminologia Histologica. International terms for human cytology and histology.'' Philadelphiae/Baltimorae/Novi Eboraci/Londinii/Boni Aëris/Hongcongi/Sidneii/Tokii: Wolter Kluwers-Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins.&lt;/ref&gt; (''n.'' &lt;ref name=&quot;TH&quot;/&gt;) ([[Lingua Graeca|Graece]] ''ὁ ἄξων, áxon'' quod [[Latine]] axis sonat) est pars cellularum nervalium, inter [[perikaryon]] (soma) et [[synapsis chemica|synapses]] interposita. Axon est, ut [[dendritum|dendrita]], protrusio [[cytoplasma]]tis cellulae nervalis, quae signa transmittit. Longitudines eius inter cellulas corporis nervales diversae sunt: Corticis cerebralis interneuronis axones breves sunt, ac neuronis tractus pyramidalis longissimi.

== Procreatio et axonum crescentia ==
Generatio axonum momentum maximum [[procreatio systematis nervosi|procreatione systematis nervosi]] ineunte habet. Elongatio eius ''conu crescente'', proteinis [[actinum|actini]] onerato ita [[microfilamentum|microfilamenta]] formantibus, fit. Auxilio [[factor neurotrophicus|factoribus neurotrophicis]] biochemico directio crescentium axonum, atque tempus gubernantur.

== Classificatio axonum ==
Classificationes axonum ordinem [[nervus motorius|''motorii'']] — [[nervus sensorius|''sensorii'']] — [[systema nervosum autonomicum|''autonomici'']] sequitur.

'''Axones motorii'''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Typi fibrarum motoriarum
|-
! Typus !! Classificatio sec.&lt;br/&gt;Erlanger et Gasser || Diameter&lt;br /&gt;(µm) || Myelinum || Conductionis&lt;br /&gt;velocitas (m/s) !! Sociatae [[fibra muscularis|fibrae musculares]]
|-
! [[Neuron motorium alpha|Neuron motorium alpha (α)]]
| [[fibra nervosa gregis Aα|Aα]] || 13-20 || Ita || 80–120 || Fibrae musculares extrafusales
|-
! [[Neuron motorium beta|Neuron motorium beta (β)]]
| [[fibra nervosa gregis Aβ|Aβ]] || || || ||
|-
! [[Neuron motorium gamma|Neuron motorium gamma (γ)]]
| [[fibra nervosa gregis Aγ|Aγ]] || 5-8 || Ita || 4–24&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |authors = Andrew B. L., Part N. J. |title=Properties of fast and slow motor units in hind limb and tail muscles of the rat |journal=Quarterly journal of experimental physiology and cognate medical sciences |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=213–25 |year=1972 |month=Apr}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |authors=Russell N. J. |title=Axonal conduction velocity changes following muscle tenotomy or deafferentation during development in the rat |journal =The journal of physiology |volume=298 |pages=347–60 |year=1980 |month=Ian}}&lt;/ref&gt; || Fibrae musculares intrafusales
|}

'''Axones sensorii'''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Typi fibrarum sensoriarum
|-
! Typus !! Classificatio sec.&lt;br/&gt;Erlanger et Gasser || Diameter&lt;br /&gt;(µm) || Myelinum || Conductionis&lt;br /&gt;velocitas (m/s) !! Sociata [[receptorium sensorium|receptoria sensoria]] !! [[proprioceptorium|Proprioceptoria]] !! [[mechanoceptorium|Mechanoceptoria]] !! [[nociceptorium|Nociceptoria]] et&lt;br /&gt;[[thermoceptorium|thermoreceptoria]]
|-
! [[fibra sensoria Ia|Ia]]
| [[fibra nervosa gregis Aα|Aα]] || 13-20 || Ita || 80–120 || Receptoria primaria [[fusus muscularis|fusorum muscularium]] (terminales anulospirales) || rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; | ✔ || rowspan=2 | || rowspan=3 |
|-
! [[fibra sensoria Ib|Ib]]
| [[fibra nervosa gregis Aα|Aα]] || 13-20 || Ita || 80–120 || [[Organum tendinis Golgianum]]
|-
! [[fibra sensoria II|II]]
| [[fibra nervosa gregis Aβ|Aβ]] || 6-12 || Ita || 33–75 || Receptoria secundaria [[fusus muscularis|fusorum muscularium]] (germinales florales, organum Ruffinianum),&lt;br /&gt;omnia [[mechanoreceptorium cutaneus|mechanoreceptoria cutanea]]|| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; | ✔
|-
! [[fibra sensoria III|III]]
| [[fibra nervosa gregis Aδ|Aδ]] || 1-5 || Tenue || 3–30 || [[Terminalia nervosa libera]] tactionis et pressus.&lt;br /&gt;[[Nociceptorium|Nociceptoria]] [[tractus spinothalamicus lateralis|tractus spinothalamici lateralis]],&lt;br /&gt;[[receptorium frigoris|receptoria frigoris]] ||rowspan=2| || rowspan=2 align=center | ✔
|-
! [[fibra sensoria IV|IV]]
| [[fibra nervosa gregis C|C]] || 0.2-1.5 || Abest || 0.5-2.0 || [[Nociceptorium|Nociceptoria]] [[tractus spinothalmicus anterior|tractus spinothalamici anterioris]],&lt;br /&gt;[[receptorium teporis|receptoria teporis]] ||
|}

'''Axones autonomici'''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Fibrarum typi autonomicarum
|-
! Typus !! Classificatio sec.&lt;br/&gt;Erlanger et Gasser || Diameter&lt;br /&gt;(µm) || Myelinum || Conductionis&lt;br /&gt;velocitas (m/s)
|-
! Fibrae praeganglionares
| B || 1–5 || Ita || 3–15
|-
! Fibrae postganglionares
| C || 0.2–1.5 || Abest || 0.5–2.0
|}

== Notae ==
&lt;references/&gt;

{{NexInt}}
* [[Gradiens electrochemicus]]

{{biologia-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]
[[Categoria:Anatomia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Blattodea</title>
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      <text bytes="4787" sha1="pmvy7a6t9mdvv0ff24hsvjpco0kcfxo" xml:space="preserve">{{Taxobox
| color = pink
| name = Blattodea
| image = Blaberus giganteus MHNT.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''[[Blaberus giganteus]]''
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| phylum = [[Arthropoda]]
| classis = [[Insecta]]
| subclassis = [[Pterygota]]
| infraclassis = [[Neoptera]]
| superordo = [[Dictyoptera]]
| ordo = '''Blattodea''' vel '''Blattaria'''
}}
'''Blattodea''' (ex verbo ''blatta'', 'insectum quod lucem fugit') sunt [[arthropoda]] [[classis (taxinomia)|classis]] [[Insecta|Insectorum]].

Sunt circa 4500 [[species (taxinomia)|specierum]] blattodeorum, quarum triginta species cum habitationibus [[homo|humanis]] consociantur, circaque quattuor [[animalia pestifera|pestes]] habentur.&lt;ref&gt;S. M. Valles, P. G. Koehler, et R. J. Brenner (1999), Comparative insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzyme activities among pestiferous blattodea, ''Comp Infibous Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol'' 124(3):227-232. PMID 10661713.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=are&gt;{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1146/annurev.en.35.010190.002513 | last1 = Schal | first1 = C | last2 = Hamilton | first2 = R. L. | year = 1990 | title = Integrated suppression of synanthropic cockroaches | url = http://www4.ncsu.edu/~coby/schal/1990SchalAREreview.pdf | journal = Annu. Rev. Entomol | volume = 35 | issue = | pages = 521–551 | pmid = 2405773 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Quaedam species==
*''[[Blaberus craniifer]]''
*''[[Blaberus discoidalis]]''
*''[[Blaptica dubia]]''
*''[[Blatta orientalis]]''
*''[[Blattella asahinai]]''
*''[[Blattella germanica]]''
*''[[Eurycotis floridana]]''
*''[[Gromphadorhina portentosa]]''
*''[[Laxta granicollis]]''
*''[[Parcoblatta pennsylvanica]]''
*''[[Periplaneta americana]]''
*''[[Periplaneta australasiae]]''
*''[[Periplaneta brunnea]]''
*''[[Periplaneta fuliginosa]]''
*''[[Pycnoscelus surinamensis]]''
*''[[Supella longipalpa]]''

{{NexInt}}
*''[[Nocticolidae]]''
*[[Tegmen]]

==Notae==
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;&lt;references/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

==Bibliographia==
*Bell, William J., Louis M. Roth, et Christine A. Nalepa. [[2007]]. ''Cockroaches: Ecology, Behavior, and Natural History.'' ISBN 0-8018-8616-3.
*Klausnitzer, Bernhard. [[1987]]. ''Insects: Their Biology and Cultural History.'' ISBN 0-87663-666-0.
*O'Toole, Christopher, ed. [[2002]]. ''Firefly Encyclopedia of Insects and Spiders.'' ISBN 1-55297-612-2.

== Nexus externi ==
{{fontes biologici}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110711105739/http://www.pestworld.org/For-Consumers/Pest-Guide/PestCategory/Cockroaches De nonnullis blattodeorum speciebus: ''Periplaneta americana, Blatta orientalis,'' et ''Supella longipalpa'']
*[http://blattodea.speciesfile.org/HomePage.aspx &quot;Blattodea Species File (Online world catalogue of cockroaches)&quot;]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20210820161646/http://www.blattodea-culture-group.org/ Blattodea Culture Group De blattodeis&lt;!--with an emphasis on rearing.--&gt;]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100609162712/http://pested.unl.edu/pesticide/pages/index.jsp?what=pageObjD&amp;pageObjId=106 Liber interretialis de blattodeis]
*[http://www.angelfire.com/oh2/Roaches/ Allpet Roaches Photographemata et data de quibusdam speciebus]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070918233158/http://www.bugpeople.org/taxa/Blattodea/OrderBlattodeaPage.htm Ord Blattodea: &quot;Exploring California Insects,&quot; photographemata quorumdam specierum Californiensium]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071219222655/http://www.pestworld.org/Database/Article.asp?ArticleID=16&amp;UserType=Consumers &quot;Cockroach health threats&quot;]
*[http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7467.html UC Davis ed Blattodeis]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20230331131728/http://www.bio.umass.edu/biology/kunkel/cockroach_faq.html Blattodea FAQ]
*[http://npic.orst.edu/pest2.htm#cockroaches &quot;Cockroach Pest Control Information - National Pesticide Information Center&quot;]
*[http://en.rian.ru/science/20080117/97179313.html&quot; Cosmic cockroaches faster developers, Russian scientists say&quot;]
*[http://www.oznet.ksu.edu/library/entml2/MF2765.pdf Blattodea: pestes domesticae]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
*[http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/fasulo/vector/chapter_04.html &quot;Blattodea,&quot; capitulum in &quot;National Public Health Pesticide Applicator Training Manual,&quot; ab United States Environmental Protection Agency et UF/IFAS editum]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
*[http://globiz.sachsen.de/snsd/publikationen/ArthropodSystematicsPhylogeny/EA_63_1-2/EntAbh63_1-2_KlassMeier3-50.pdf Analysis phylogenetica Dictyopterorum (Insecta) in proprietatbus morphologicis fundata]

{{CommuniaCat|Blattodea}}
{{wikispecies|Blattodea}}

[[Categoria:Animalia urbana]]
[[Categoria:Blattodea]]
[[Categoria:Insecta domestica]]
[[Categoria:Insecta pestifera]]

{{Myrias|Biologia}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Res Publica Cretica</title>
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      <comment>de historia Graeaca recentiore</comment>
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      <text bytes="3135" sha1="kexencntm9vl63i9lfx9tniufsynibg" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:AfiksiGewrgiouStiSouda.jpg|thumbnail|right|Adventus principis [[Georgius (princeps Graeciae)|Georgii]] in portum [[Suda (portus)|Sudae]] anno 1898]]
'''Res Publica Cretica''' ([[Graece]] Κρητική Πολιτεία) fuit civitas autonoma sub [[Imperium Ottomanicum|Imperio Ottomanico]], anno [[1898]] constituta, anno [[1913]] cum [[Graecia]] iuncta.

Usque ad annum [[1898]] insula [[Creta]] fuerat praefectura (''vilayet'') Imperii Ottomanici (vide etiam [[Creta (praefectura Ottomanica)]]). Hoc anno princeps [[Georgius (princeps Graeciae)|Georgius]], filius alter regis [[Graecia]]e, [[Magnae Potestates|Magnis Potestatibus]] requirentibus, munus gubernatoris vel procuratoris (''Haut Commissaire'') insulae Cretae accepit. Creta vexillum proprium habuit; vexillum autem Imperii Ottomanici in [[Suda (insula)|insula Sancti Nicolai]] iuxta portum classis [[Suda (portus)|Suda]] erectum est, et in concitationibus turbatores, iunctionem cum Graecia postulantes, vexillum Graeciae interdum erigebant.

Mense Maio anni [[1913]] [[Pax Londinii (1913)|foedere Londinii]] Creta ab Imperio dividere et in regnum Graeciae includere placuit, id quod die [[1 Decembris]] [[1913]] actum est. 

[[Fasciculus:Cretan flag.jpg|thumbnail|left|Vexillum rei publicae Creticae]]
== Gubernatores Rei Publicae Creticae ==
:''Vide etiam: ''[[Index procuratorum Cretae]]
* [[Georgius (princeps Graeciae)]]: [[18 Novembris]] [[1898]] - [[12 Septembris]] [[1906]]
* [[Alexander Zaimes]]: [[18 Septembris]] [[1906]] - [[30 Septembris]] [[1911]]

== Index consiliariorum Rei Publicae Creticae ==
* Inter Decembrem 1898 et Aprilem 1899: [[Ioannes Sphacianaces]] praeses comitiae Constitutionis parandae
* A die [[29 Aprilis]] [[1899]]: [[Eleutherius Benizelus]] consiliarius rerum iuridicarum (die [[31 Martii]] [[1901]] demissus), [[Manusus Cundurus]] consiliarius rerum internarum, Nicolaus Giamalaces consiliarius rerum ecclesiasticarum et educationis, [[Constantinus Phumes]] consiliarius vectigalium et rerum rusticarum, Chasan Scylianaces&lt;ref&gt;Vel Gianitsaraces? Sic commentaria principis p. 46.&lt;/ref&gt; minister securitatis.
* Iam mense Ianuario [[1902]]: [[Manusus Cundurus]], I. Tsuderus, Boreades
* A die [[2 Maii]] usque ad [[12 Septembris]] [[1910]]:&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Greece.html ''Greece'' apud www.worldstatesmen.org]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Eleutherius Benizelus]] praeses consilii

[[Fasciculus:Flags Suda.jpg|thumbnail|right|Vexilla [[Imperium Ottomanicum|Imperii Ottomanici]] et quattuor [[Magnae Potestates|Potestatum]] in insula [[Suda (insula)|Suda]]]]

{{NexInt}}
* [[Insurrectio Cretica (1895-1898)]]
* [[Insurrectio Cretica (1905-1906)]]
* [[Historia Graeciae recentior]]

== Notae ==
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;&lt;references /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

== Bibliographia ==
* ''The Cretan drama: the life and memoirs of Prince George of Greece, High Commissioner in Crete (1898-1906)'' ed. A. A. Pallis. Novi Eboraci: Robert Speller, 1959.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cretae Res Publica}}

[[Categoria:Creta]]
[[Categoria:Antiquae civitates Europae|Creta]]
[[Categoria:Imperium Ottomanicum]]
[[Categoria:Condita 1898]]
[[Categoria:Historia Graeciae]]</text>
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    <title>Ioannes Jaurès</title>
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      <text bytes="50695" sha1="ssdmd0uk8hqayfshcixzx7dslgzeg6n" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa hominis Vicidata}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Ioannes Jaurès
| image = Jean Jaurès, par Nadar, 1898.jpg
| caption = Jaurès anno 1898 (imago photographica a Nadar facta)
| office = Deputatus [[Tarnis (praefectura Franciae)|Tarnis]] in Camera Deputatorum Franciae
| term_start = 1902
| term_end = 1914
| office2 = Deputatus [[Tarnis (praefectura Franciae)|Tarnis]] in Camera Deputatorum Franciae
| term_start2 = 1893
| term_end2 = 1898
| office3 = Deputatus [[Tarnis (praefectura Franciae)|Tarnis]] in Camera Deputatorum Franciae
| term_start3 = 1885
| term_end3 = 1889
| birth_date = 3 Septembris 1859
| birth_place = [[Castres]], [[Francia]]
| death_date = 31 Iulii 1914
| death_place = [[Lutetia]], Francia
| resting_place = [[Pantheon Parisiense]], Lutetiae
| party = SFIO (1905–1914)
| spouse = Ludovica Bois (uxor ab anno 1886)
| children = 2
| alma_mater = [[Schola Normalis Superior]]
| occupation = Vir publicus, philosophus, scriptor diurnorum, rerum scriptor
}}

[[Fasciculus:Jean jaures.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|Ioannes Jaurès.]]
'''Ioannes Jaurès''' (natus ''Auguste Marie Joseph Jean Léon Jaurès'' [[Castra Albigensium|Castris Albigensium]] die [[3 Septembris]] [[1859]]; mortuus [[Lutetia]]e die [[31 Iulii]] [[1914]]) fuit assecla [[socialismus|socialismi]] [[Francia|Francicus]].

Anno 1885, sex et viginti annos natus, in concilium legum ferendarum Franciae, quod Camera Deputatorum appellatur, ingressus est. Anno 1892 magna metallicorum operis cessatio in oppido [[Carmaux]] facta eum socialistam fecit. Anno 1898 contendit ut [[Alfredus Dreyfus]], centurio (Francogallice ''capitaine'') genere Iudaeus, qui proditionis (id est hostium adiuvandorum) accusatus erat, innocens esse demonstraretur. Anno 1904 acta diurna ''L'Humanité'' condidit. Anno 1905 socialistas Francicos in unam factionem, cui nomen SFIO, coniungendos curavit. Postremis annis contra periculum magni belli Europaei pugnavit. Iuvenis quidam Francicus, nationis amore incensus, eum Lutetiae die 31 Iulii 1914 interfecit, triduo antequam [[Germania]] Franciae bellum indixit.

Jaurès inter homines maxime honoratos historiae Francicae numeratur. Anno 1924 corpus eius in [[Pantheon Parisiense]] translatum est. Haec est clara aedes Lutetiae, ubi Francia viros feminasque summos honorat. Milia viarum, arearum, scholarum in Francia nomen eius gerunt.

Scripta quoque gravia reliquit. Praecipua sunt dissertatio philosophica ''De la réalité du monde sensible'' (typis edita anno 1891, defensa anno 1892); magna historia [[Res Novae Francicae|Rerum Novarum Francicarum]], cui titulus ''Histoire socialiste de la Révolution française'' (1901–1904); liber ''L'Armée nouvelle'' (1911). Praeterea aliquot milia commentariorum in actis diurnis scripsit.

== Pueritia et studia (1859–1881) ==

=== Pueritia in Tarne ===

Ioannes Jaurès natus est Castris, in parvo oppido [[Tarnis (praefectura Franciae)|Tarnis]], in Francia meridiana. Familia eius ordinis medii erat neque dives. Pater, Iulius Jaurès (1819–1882), in mercatura parum prosperatus, victum quaerebat e parvo fundo, cui nomen La Fédial, prope oppidum sito. Mater, Adelais Barbaza (1822–1906), femina catholica religiosissima, duos filios diligentissime educandos curabat. Minor filius, Ludovicus (1860–1937), postea praefectus classis (id est dux summus rerum navalium) et deputatus factus est.

Ioannes inter oppidum et agros crevit. Per totam vitam Franciam meridianam, linguam Occitanicam, mundum agricolarum penitus amavit. Eorum difficultatum numquam oblitus est, postquam in rem publicam ingressus est.

Anno 1869 Jaurès, stipendio adiutus (id est pecunia bono discipulo publice data), scholam Castrensem intravit. Discipulus clarissimi ingenii erat. Anno 1876 inspector scholarum, Felix Deltour, magnam eius indolem animadvertit puerumque Lutetiam misit, in scholam Sanctae Barbarae, ut se ad examen [[Schola Normalis Superior|Scholae Normalis Superioris]] pararet. Haec schola Francica celeberrima magistros et doctos format.

Eodem anno, sedecim annos natus, primam orationem publicam habuit, qua praefectum (summum regionis magistratum) salutavit. Anno 1878 primum praemium certaminis nationalis de optima oratione Francogallica reportavit; deinde primus omnium examen Scholae Normalis Superioris superavit. Philosophus [[Henricus Bergson]] eodem anno in eandem scholam receptus est.

=== Philosophiae studiosus ===

In Schola Normali Superiore Jaurès philosophiam elegit. Haec disciplina ei placebat, quia mundum totum intellegere conatur. Anno 1881 in publico illo doctorum certamine quod ''agrégation'' dicitur, examine difficillimo futurorum magistrorum, tertium locum obtinuit, post Paulum Lesbazeilles et Bergson.&lt;ref name=&quot;n1&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt; Res publica et scholae eius gratuitae hanc viam ei aperuerant. Quam ob rem rei publicae per totam vitam gratiam habuit. Ei enim res publica quasi promissio erat: scientiam pauperes liberare posse.

== Magister et iuvenis deputatus (1881–1889) ==

=== Philosophiae magister ===

Autumno anni 1881 Jaurès magister factus est in lyceo (schola secundaria) [[Albiga|Albigensi]]. Prope familiam manere voluit: pater enim graviter aegrotabat et mense Maio anni 1882 mortuus est. Docendo magnam famam adeptus est: sine commentariis loquebatur et discipulos quasi pares tractabat.

Ineunte anno 1883 in Universitate [[Tolosa]]na scholas habere coepit; primam ibi die 15 Ianuarii habuit. Exeunte eodem anno, rectore Perroud adiuvante, lector ibi factus est. Etiam in schola puellarum de moribus (id est de recto et pravo) docebat. His in scholis sensim suam de historia philosophiam aedificavit. Ioanni Jaurès philosophia et res publica inter se non pugnabant: altera alterius egebat.

=== Minimus natu deputatus Franciae ===

Republicani Tarnenses Jaurès rogaverunt ut comitiis anni 1885 candidatus esset. Die 4 Octobris paulo plus dimidia parte suffragiorum electus est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n2&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, tabula temporum (50,9 centesimae suffragiorum); Duclert 2013 (Jaurès, optime electus e quinque republicanis Tarnis, 48 040 suffragiis).&lt;/ref&gt; Sex et viginti annos natus minimus natu omnium deputatorum Franciae erat. Deputatus is appellatur qui in Camera Deputatorum, concilio legum ferendarum Francico, sedet. Cum republicanis moderatis sedit, non cum socialistis.

Mense Martio anni 1886, post metallicorum cessationem apud Decazeville, cum deputatis socialistis non suffragatus est. Sed inde ab initio quaestiones sociales tractavit. Anno 1886 legem proposuit de pecunia colligenda, qua opificibus aegris subveniretur et senectus eorum aleretur. Anno 1887 relationem scripsit de lege qua custodes salutis (opifices electi qui saluti sociorum invigilarent) in metallis creati sunt. Prima eius oratio, mense Octobri anni 1886 habita, de scholis erat.

Die 29 Iunii 1886 Jaurès Ludovicam Bois, filiam mercatoris Albigensis, in matrimonium duxit. Duos liberos habuerunt: Magdalenam (1889–1951) et Ludovicum (1898–1918). Ludovicus in [[Bellum Orbis Terrarum I|Bello Orbis Terrarum Primo]] occisus est, quattuor annis post patrem. Per uxorem Jaurès villa rustica Bessoulet, prope Albigam sita, uti poterat, ubi fere omnes aestates agebat.

Mense Ianuario anni 1887 primum commentarium scripsit in ''La Dépêche'', magnis actis diurnis republicanis Tolosanis. Ibi usque ad annum 1914 scripsit, plus mille omnino commentarios. His annis etiam contra Boulanger pugnavit, ducem militarem apud populum gratiosum, qui rei publicae periculosus erat.

Comitia mensis Septembris anni 1889 nova ratione habita sunt: in singulis parvis regionibus singuli deputati creabantur. Jaurès candidatus erat in prima regione Castrensi, ubi conservatores valebant. Eorum princeps erat baro Renatus Reille, caput familiae Reille-Solages, cuius erant metalla Carmausina. Jaurès in ipso oppido Castrensi maiorem partem suffragiorum tulit, sed in agris victus est. Conservator Leo Abrial eum vicit suffragiis 9 632 contra 8 776.&lt;ref name=&quot;n3&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, capitulum &quot;La défaite de Castres&quot;; Candar et Duclert 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iisdem comitiis baro Reille sedem suam retinuit, et gener eius, marchio de Solages, societatis metallorum rector, regionem Carmausinam vicit. Jaurès ad universitatem et ad philosophiam rediit.

== Quomodo socialista factus sit (1889–1893) ==
[[File:JauresACarmaux.jpg|thumb|Statua Ioannis Jaurès apud [[Carmaux]], anno 1923 dedicata.]]

=== Doctor philosophiae et magistratus urbanus ===

Tolosam reversus Jaurès duas dissertationes perfecit, quas ineunte anno 1892 defendit. Prior, cui titulus ''De la réalité du monde sensible'' (De veritate mundi sensibilis), docet mundum, qui circa nos est, verum esse et unum quoddam totum vivum efficere. Altera, Latine scripta, radices socialismi in philosophia Germanica quaerit, a [[Martinus Lutherus|Luthero]] usque ad [[Georgius Gulielmus Fridericus Hegel|Hegel]].&lt;ref name=&quot;n4&quot;&gt;''De la réalité du monde sensible'', Paris, Alcan, 1891; ''De primis socialismi germanici lineamentis apud Lutherum, Kant, Fichte et Hegel'', Toulouse, 1891.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ita Jaurès socialismum primum per philosophiam invenit. Postea certamina opificum eum acrem socialismi militem fecerunt.

Anno 1890 in concilium urbanum Tolosanum electus est et adiutor primi magistratus factus est scholis publicis praepositus. In commentariis suis in ''La Dépêche'' motum opificum crescentem observabat: cogitabat de primo die festo opificum (Kalendis Maiis instituto) deque militibus qui anno 1891 apud Fourmies in opifices ab opere cessantes tela coniecerunt.

Paulatim ad sententias socialistarum accessit. Lucianus Herr, bibliothecarius Scholae Normalis Superioris, eum in hanc viam duxit. Etiam cum Iulio Guesde, socialistarum principe, longos sermones habuit; quorum unus, Tolosae mense Martio anni 1892 habitus, clarus factus est. Sed historici docent mutationem eius lentam et gradatim factam esse, non unius noctis opus.&lt;ref name=&quot;n5&quot;&gt;Scot 2014. Auctor disputationem Tolosanam diei 27 Martii 1892 narrat, sed Carmaux verum &quot;laboratorium sociale&quot; mutationis fuisse ostendit.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Carmaux, ubi certamen sociale didicit ===

Oppidum metallicum Carmaux Jaurès et motum opificum coniunxit. Comitiis urbanis Kalendis Maiis anni 1892 habitis socialistae vicerunt. Die 15 Maii Ioannes Baptista Calvignac primus urbis magistratus (Francogallice ''maire'') factus est. Calvignac faber ferrarius societatis metallorum erat et scriba collegii metallicorum. Collegium opificum est sodalitas quae opifices defendit.

Societas ei otium ad munus magistratus obeundum dare noluit et die 2 Augusti eum ab opere dimisit. Metallicis hoc visum est suffragium universale violare, id est ius omnium virorum adultorum suffragii ferendi. Medio mense Augusto cessatio operis communis facta est; tres fere menses duravit. Qui rei publicae praeerant milites in oppidum miserunt.

In ''La Dépêche'' Jaurès partes metallicorum suscepit. Argumentum eius simplex et firmum erat: si opifex, qui mercede vivit, primus urbis magistratus esse non potest quin opus amittat, iura civis et condicio opificis inter se pugnant; quod si verum est, totus ordo societatis pravus est. Cessatio res totius nationis facta est.

Die 30 Octobris 1892 arbitri (iudices extra litem electi qui controversiam finirent) sententiam dixerunt. Calvignac opus suum recepit; plerique cessantes recepti sunt, paucis exceptis qui violentiae damnati erant. Medio mense Octobri marchio de Solages, auxilio politico privatus, munus deputati deposuerat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n6&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, capitulum VII; Scot 2014. Vide etiam commentarios Ioannis Jaurès &quot;Les incidents de Carmaux&quot;, ''La Dépêche'', 29 Augusti 1892, et &quot;La question de principe&quot;, ''La Dépêche'', 19 Septembris 1892.&lt;/ref&gt;

Mense Ianuario anni 1893 comitia extraordinaria uni sedi vacuae habita sunt. Post longas deliberationes socialistae Carmausini Jaurès candidatum elegerunt. Ille rationem factionis opificum Iulii Guesde accepit, quae agricolis utilia proponebat.

Altero suffragio vicit, fere 52 centesimis suffragiorum. Comitiis generalibus mensis Augusti anni 1893 primo statim suffragio reelectus est, 59,3 centesimis.&lt;ref name=&quot;n7&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, tabula temporum (52,1 centesimae mense Ianuario, 59,3 mense Augusto 1893); Scot 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Professor republicanus deputatus socialista metallicorum factus erat, atque etiam multorum agricolarum.

== Deputatus socialista (1893–1898) ==

Quinquaginta fere deputati socialistae anno 1893 in Cameram ingressi sunt. Jaurès celeriter inter oratores eius maxime auditos fuit. Libertates publicas (ut libertatem loquendi et libera acta diurna) defendit contra leges duras, quae post insidias anarchistarum machinis displosivis factas latae erant. Pro agricolis, magistris, opificibus dixit.

Anno 1895 cum Paulo Lafargue publice de historia disputavit: utrum sententiae historiam moveant an solae vires oeconomicae? Jaurès respondit: utraeque. Doctrinam [[Carolus Marx|Caroli Marx]] cum iustitiae studio, quod Res Novae Francicae attulerant, coniungere volebat.

Tarnis sedes eius propria mansit. Anno 1895 vitrarii Carmausini contra dominum suum, Eugenium Rességuier, ab opere cessaverunt, sed victi sunt. Jaurès novum remedium iis dedit: officinam quae ipsorum opificum esset (Francogallice ''coopérative''). Officina vitraria opificum Albigensis mense Octobri anni 1896 aperta est, donis ex tota Francia collatis aedificata. Signum motus cooperativi Francici facta est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n8&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005; Candar et Duclert 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

Eodem tempore potentes regionis oppidum socialistarum Carmaux oppugnabant. Iudices Calvignac magistratu moverunt eique iura politica in quinque annos ademerunt.

Jaurès etiam inter peritissimos rerum rusticarum numerabatur. Oratione mensis Iulii anni 1897 docuit socialismum non esse hostem parvi agricolae, sed praesidium eius contra feneratores et mercatores intermedios (qui inter agricolas et emptores stant). Haec agrorum cura partem felicium eius comitiorum explicat.

Die 15 Martii 1897, magna oratione de [[Imperium Ottomanicum|Imperio Ottomanico]] habita, caedes Armeniorum denuntiavit. Potentes civitates Europae, in iis Franciam, accusavit quod populos integros pecuniae causa et bonae inter civitates gratiae perire sinerent. Una e primis huius generis vocibus in curia Francica fuit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n9&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum (oratio diei 15 Martii 1897 de Imperio Ottomanico).&lt;/ref&gt;

== Causa Dreyfusiana (1897–1899) ==

=== A dubitatione ad certamen ===

Mense Decembri anni 1894 iudicium militare centurionem [[Alfredus Dreyfus|Alfredum Dreyfus]] proditionis damnavit. Jaurès primo, ut fere omnes, Dreyfus nocentem esse credidit; immo in curia questus est militem gregarium ob minus crimen morte multatum iri.

Mutatus est mense Ianuario anni 1898, postquam [[Aemilius Zola]] claram epistulam apertam &quot;J'accuse…!&quot; edidit. Tum Jaurès e rostris curiae iudicium contra leges factum anni 1894 denuntiavit. Die 22 Ianuarii deputatus regiis partibus deditus, comes de Bernis, eum de rostris descendentem pulsavit. Die 12 Februarii Jaurès testis fuit in iudicio Zolae; defensores Dreyfusi scientiam eius causae exactam laudaverunt.

Hoc certamine inter socialistas paene solus relictus est. Plerique enim, Guesde duce, causam rixam intra ordinem medium esse putabant. Litterae eorum publicae diei 24 Iulii 1898 dixerunt opifices in hac pugna nihil agendum habere.

Certamen ei etiam sedem abstulit. Die 8 Maii 1898 omnes inimici eius post marchionem de Solages se coniunxerunt. Jaurès apud Carmaux cum 45 centesimis suffragiorum victus est, quamquam socialistae in tota natione crescebant.&lt;ref name=&quot;n10&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013 (5 515 suffragia contra 6 702 marchionis de Solages).&lt;/ref&gt; Mense Iulio etiam universitas Lutetiae scholam ei negavit. Sedem, spem cathedrae professoris, magnam partem auxilii suorum amiserat; stilus et vox solae manebant.

=== Les Preuves (Argumenta) ===

Jaurès redactor et alter rector factus est diurnorum ''La Petite République'', primorum socialistarum Lutetiae. Die 7 Iulii 1898 novus minister belli, Cavaignac, litteras in curia recitavit, quas culpam Dreyfusi probare dixit. Amici Dreyfusi se victos esse senserunt.

Jaurès autem occasionem vidit: litterae enim falsae erant, et causa nunc coram tota natione iterum aperta. [[Leo Blum]] postea factum eius cum illo Zolae &quot;J'accuse…!&quot; comparavit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n11&quot;&gt;Léon Blum, ''Souvenirs sur l'Affaire'', apud Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

Aestatem operi dedit. Inde a die 10 Augusti 1898 ''La Petite République'' studium eius edidit, postea librum factum: ''Les Preuves'' (Argumenta). Tria demonstravit: iudicium anni 1894 contra leges factum esse, quia litterae secretae solis iudicibus monstratae erant; indicem illum scriptum (Francogallice ''bordereau''), unde tota causa orta erat, ab alio duce militari, Esterhazy, confectum esse; litteras a Cavaignac recitatas falsas esse.

Res ipsae eum verum dixisse celerrime probaverunt. Die 30 Augusti Henry, dux militaris, confessus est se praecipuas litteras finxisse; postero die mortem sibi conscivit. Die 26 Septembris qui rei publicae praeerant summum iudicium rogaverunt ut iudicium anni 1894 retractaretur.&lt;ref name=&quot;n12&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005; Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ioanni Jaurès unum hominem innocentem defendere officium socialistae erat. Socialismus enim pro genere humano pugnat; oculos avertere non potest, ubi genus humanum in uno homine opprimitur. Iustitia et ius non sunt bona &quot;ordinis medii&quot;: imprimis infirmos protegunt.

Anno 1899 alterum iudicium Dreyfusi, in urbe Rennes habitum, pro actis suis diurnis spectavit. Iudices innocentem iterum damnaverunt, et praeses rei publicae ei veniam dedit. Jaurès non destitit: cum familia Dreyfusi laboravit, donec die 12 Iulii 1906 ille in integrum restitutus est, id est innocentia eius publice declarata. Magna eius oratio mensis Aprilis anni 1903 in curia habita hunc ultimum gradum incohaverat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n13&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rem publicam defendit (1899–1904) ==

=== Quaestio Millerandiana ===

Mense Iunio anni 1899, cum discrimen a nationis cultoribus motum maxime urgeret, Waldeck-Rousseau ministerium &quot;defensionis republicanae&quot; composuit, cuius propositum erat rem publicam ab inimicis tueri. Socialista, [[Alexander Millerand]], in eo minister factus est, iuxta Galliffet ducem, veterem opificum inimicum. Tum primum socialista in ministerium &quot;ordinis medii&quot; intravit. Socialistae de ea re vehementer dissenserunt.

Jaurès consilium defendit: cum res publica in periculo est, opifices eam servare debent, quia res publica omni futuro progressui viam aperit. Mense Decembri anni 1899 conventus generalis omnium socialistarum Lutetiae, in aula Japy, habitus est. Duo decreta inter se contraria probavit: alterum vetabat ne socialista umquam in ministerium huius generis intraret; alterum id certis condicionibus, factione moderante, permittebat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n14&quot;&gt;Scot 2014. Decretum Guesdianum 818 suffragiis contra 634 latum est; decretum commissionis 1 140 contra 240.&lt;/ref&gt;

Mense Novembri anni 1900, in urbe Lille, Jaurès et Guesde de &quot;duabus viis&quot; coram milibus sociorum disputaverunt: utrum res singulae paulatim emendandae essent, an rerum omnium conversio sola exspectanda. Secessio secuta est: Guesde cum suis unam factionem (1901), Jaurès cum amicis alteram (1902) condidit.

Ioanni Jaurès exitus periculum susceptum probavit. Millerand minister diem operis breviorem fecit, concilio operum delegatos opificum admisit, annua opificibus senibus danda paravit. Waldeck-Rousseau dominos officinarum apud Le Creusot, magna operis cessatione facta, ad colloquium adegit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n15&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt; Ante omnia res publica ab impetu nationis cultorum servata est.

=== In coniunctione sinistrarum ===

Mense Aprili anni 1902 apud Carmaux reelectus, Jaurès columen factus est maioris partis sinistrae, quae ministerium Aemilii Combes sustinebat. Mense Ianuario anni 1903 deputati eum vicarium praesidem Camerae elegerunt. Ingenium suum dedit scholae laicae (id est scholae publicae a religione liberae) et ordinibus religiosis (sodaliciis monachorum et monacharum) sub leges redigendis.

Die 30 Iulii 1903, in sollemnibus praemiorum lycei Albigensis, &quot;Orationem ad iuventutem&quot; habuit, in qua haec verba clarissima leguntur: fortitudinem esse verum quaerere et verum dicere.&lt;ref name=&quot;n16&quot;&gt;Jean Jaurès, &quot;Discours à la jeunesse&quot;, in sollemnibus praemiorum lycei Albigensis, 30 Iulii 1903.&lt;/ref&gt;

Hi anni etiam scribendi fuerunt. Operi ''Histoire socialiste (1789–1900)'' praefuit, historiae a multis auctoribus scriptae, tredecim voluminum (1901–1908). Ipse volumina de Rebus Novis Francicis, narrationem belli annorum 1870–1871, conclusionem scripsit. Liber longis studiis in tabulariis factis nitebatur; Res Novas per vitam oeconomicam et socialem narravit et plebi vocem dedit. Diu apud historicos valuit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n17&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005. Opus iterum ediderunt Albert Mathiez (1922–1924), deinde Albert Soboul (Éditions sociales, 1968–1973).&lt;/ref&gt;

Jaurès primas partes egit in via ad ecclesias et civitatem seiungendas. Mense Maio anni 1904 ''L'Humanité'', nova eius acta diurna, litteras secretas ediderunt, quibus Pontifex Maximus apud regimina Europaea questus erat de itinere praesidis Loubet Romam facto. Hoc scandalo necessitudines inter Franciam et Sedem Apostolicam ruptae sunt;&lt;ref name=&quot;n18&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014. Albertus I, princeps Monoeci, litteras diurnis dedit.&lt;/ref&gt; seiunctio certa facta est.

Cum [[Aristides Briand|Aristide Briand]] Jaurès seiunctionem liberalem suscepit, quae libertatem credendi servaret. Mense Aprili anni 1905 articulum quartum perferendum curavit, quo lex usu facilis et pacifica facta est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n19&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, tabula temporum (22 Aprilis 1905).&lt;/ref&gt; Camera legem die 3 Iulii probavit; senatus die 6 Decembris ultimam manum imposuit; lex die 9 Decembris 1905 publice promulgata est.

== L'Humanité et concordia socialistarum (1904–1905) ==
[[File:L'Humanité 18-04-1904.jpg|thumb|upright|Prima pagina primi numeri diurnorum ''L'Humanité'' (18 Aprilis 1904).]]

=== Nova acta diurna ===

Primus numerus diurnorum ''L'Humanité'' die 18 Aprilis 1904 prodiit, Ioanne Jaurès rectore. Nomen Lucianus Herr invenit. Amici et cives progressus socialis cupidi, in iis philosophus Lucianus Lévy-Bruhl, pecuniam primam contulerunt, circiter 850 000 francorum.&lt;ref name=&quot;n20&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014. De pecunia prima collata non omnia adhuc nota sunt.&lt;/ref&gt; In primo scripto, cui titulus &quot;Notre but&quot; (Propositum nostrum), Jaurès scripsit acta diurna liberis mentibus plenam et veram rerum notitiam datura esse, ut ipsae de mundo iudicarent. Titulum sic explicavit: humanitatem nondum esse, aut vix esse; socialistas autem laborare ut vera fieret.&lt;ref name=&quot;n21&quot;&gt;Jean Jaurès, &quot;Notre but&quot;, ''L'Humanité'', 18 Aprilis 1904.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iocabantur homines ea esse &quot;acta diurna septendecim doctorum&quot; (Francogallice ''agrégés''), quod tot scriptores eius viri doctissimi erant. Primus numerus 130 000 exemplis venditus est; deinde venditio valde cecidit. Ab anno 1907 res constitit, inter 60 000 et 70 000 exempla, et ante bellum rursus crevit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n22&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014 (130 000 exempla initio, minus quam 30 000 mense Octobri 1906, 60 000–70 000 ab anno 1907).&lt;/ref&gt; Jaurès fere cotidie usque ad mortem in iis scripsit.

=== Ab Amstelodamo ad aulam du Globe ===

Mense Augusto anni 1904 conventus Internationalis socialistarum Amstelodami habitus est. Per horas Jaurès rationem Francicam defensionis republicanae defendit coram Augusto Bebel et Carolo Kautsky, principibus Germanis: rem publicam, a populo partam, servandam esse. Maior pars contra eum suffragata est.

Conventus decretum Dresdense accepit. Quo iterum vetitum est ne socialistae in talia ministeria intrarent, et socialistae Francici iussi sunt in unam factionem certaminis ordinum (id est pugnae apertae inter opifices et dominos) coniungi.&lt;ref name=&quot;n23&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013; Rioux 2005.&lt;/ref&gt; Jaurès decreto paruit: concordia enim ei iam prima erat.

Ineunte anno 1905 a coniunctione sinistrarum discessit. Veteres amici eius, Millerand, Briand, Viviani, qui rebus paulatim emendandis studebant, disciplinam novae factionis recusaverunt et extra manserunt. Legati factionum aemularum Lutetiae, in aula du Globe, inde a die 23 Aprilis 1905 convenerunt et Factionem socialistam, Sectionem Francicam Internationalis opificum (SFIO), condiderunt, die 25 Aprilis proclamatam.&lt;ref name=&quot;n24&quot;&gt;Scot 2014; Rioux 2005; Duclert 2013. Fontes de diebus conventus paulum inter se differunt.&lt;/ref&gt;

Jaurès obtinuit ut sodalicia localia factionis (foederationes) libera essent et administratio media parva. Primo severissimi eum a principatu arcuerunt: eorum diurna, ''Le Socialiste'', acta publica factionis facta sunt, non ''L'Humanité''. Quod non diu mansit.

Orationibus, actis diurnis, opera in conventibus Jaurès sensim verus princeps factionis unitae factus est. Conventus Tolosanus anni 1908 id confirmavit: magna eius oratio de rebus emendandis et de rerum conversione paene omnes socios ei conciliavit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n25&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005 (&quot;Éloge de la réforme&quot;); Duclert 2013, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

Hi anni etiam asperas pugnas privatas attulerunt. Mense Decembri anni 1904, post iurgium cum Paulo Déroulède, nationis cultore, Jaurès cum eo prope fines [[Hispania|Hispanicos]] certamen singulare iniit; glandibus emissis neuter ictus est.

Ineunte anno 1905 in ''L'Humanité'' causam primae rerum conversionis Russicae egit. Mense Maio anni 1905 cum Gustavo Hervé de socialista et patria disputavit. Mense Iulio Bülow, cancellarius Germanicus, orationem quam Berolini habiturus erat vetuit; textus, de amicitia populorum, eodem die in ''L'Humanité'' et in diurnis socialistarum Germanorum ''Vorwärts'' prodiit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n26&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, tabula temporum; Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Princeps socialistarum (1906–1911) ==

Mense Maio anni 1906 Jaurès sedem suam apud Carmaux paucis suffragiis superans retinuit. SFIO iam 51 deputatos habebat. Mense Iunio anni 1906 in curia cum [[Georgius Clemenceau|Georgio Clemenceau]] de factione radicali et de socialismo clare disputavit. Jaurès dixit rem publicam tum demum perfectam fore, cum libertas et aequalitas etiam in re oeconomica regnarent.

Mense Octobri anni 1906 CGT, summa collegiorum opificum societas, se ab omnibus factionibus liberam esse declaravit (charta Ambianensi). Jaurès reverentiam et colloquium elegit, non imperium. SFIO hanc libertatem conventu Lemovicensi accepit, et ''L'Humanité'' collegiis proprium in diurnis locum dedit.

In contentionibus socialibus horum annorum Jaurès semper cum opificibus stetit. Vinitorum meridianorum seditionem anno 1907 adiuvit. Questus est de vi mortifera, qua anno 1908 apud Draveil et Villeneuve-Saint-Georges in cessantes usi erant, et de ducibus CGT comprehensis.

Ministerium Briand accusavit, quod cessationem ferriviariam anni 1910 fregisset. Eodem anno, Guesde repugnante, factioni suae persuasit ut novam legem de annuis opificum et agricolarum sustineret.&lt;ref name=&quot;n27&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, tabula temporum (conventus Nemausensis, Februario 1910).&lt;/ref&gt; Ratio eius eadem mansit: res veras nunc emendare, neque tamen plenam societatis mutationem deserere.

Quaestiones de coloniis maiorem in dies locum in orationibus eius habebant. Iuvenis opinionem vulgarem de &quot;munere humanitatis afferendae&quot; Francico acceperat; postea inter acerrimos expugnationis colonialis castigatores fuit. Anno 1908 caedes ab exercitu Francico in [[Marocum|Maroco]] factas denuntiavit, et deputati irati eum loqui paene prohibuerunt. Societates accusavit quae ingentes agros in Africa acceperant aut metalla Algeriana tenebant. Mense Iunio anni 1912 contra foedus pugnavit quo Marocum civitas Franciae subiecta (quod ''protectorat'' dicitur) facta est.

Ei dominatio colonialis et populis subiectis iniusta et paci Europaeae periculosa erat. Sed castigatio eius intra opiniones sui temporis mansit: vias expugnationis oppugnabat, non ipsum principium praesentiae Francicae transmarinae. Itaque historici eum verbo posteriore &quot;anticolonialem&quot; non vocant.

Anno 1910 ampla parte suffragiorum reelectus est, et SFIO ad 76 deputatos crevit.

Intra factionem Jaurès nullum munus publicum gerebat, sed inter varias eius partes conciliator indefessus erat. Anno 1911 diurna novam formam acceperunt: factio, collegia, societates cooperativae in consilium eorum intraverunt, Jaurès rector politicus mansit. Factus erat, ut ait historicus Ioannes Petrus Rioux, dux socialismi Francici non nominatus sed ab omnibus agnitus.&lt;ref name=&quot;n28&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, capitulum &quot;L'homme-orchestre&quot;; de nova forma anni 1911, Candar et Duclert 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; A mense Iulio ad Octobrem anni 1911 iter orationum habendarum causa in [[Brasilia]]m, [[Uraquaria]]m, [[Argentina]]m fecit: quod signum erat eum iam longe extra Europam audiri.

== Vita privata ==

Qui Jaurès noverant, hominem simplicem describunt, vestis neglegentem, brevem et obesum. Vis eius in oratione et in memoria singulari posita erat. Multa legebat et modeste vivebat; maxima pars pecuniae e scriptis veniebat. Vita familiaris inter Lutetiam et villam Bessoulet, prope Albigam, divisa erat, ubi aestates agebat.

Uxor Ludovica catholica religiosa mansit et liberos in fide sua educavit. Mense Iulio anni 1901 filia Magdalena primum ad sacram communionem accessit (sollemne catholicum magni momenti). Alii socialistae Jaurès ob eam rem acriter oppugnaverunt. Respondit libertatem credendi domi suae incipere: se sententias suas familiae non impositurum esse, sicut alii fidem suam imponerent.

Ipse religionem catholicam pueritiae reliquerat, sed de religione ut philosophus cogitare perseveravit. Tristia postremos annos signaverunt: mors matris anno 1906 et nepos gravi corporis vitio natus. Plures vitae eius scriptores notant sub publica eius spe partem quandam maestitiae latuisse.&lt;ref name=&quot;n29&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, de &quot;secreta maestitia&quot; horum annorum.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Contra bellum (1905–1914) ==
[[File:25-5-13, manifestation du Pré-Saint-Gervais contre les trois ans, discours de Mr Jaurès - btv1b69253126.jpg|thumb|Jaurès contra legem militiae trium annorum loquitur apud Le Pré-Saint-Gervais, prope Lutetiam, die 25 Maii 1913.]]

=== L'Armée nouvelle (Novus exercitus) ===

Anno 1905 imperator Germanorum Tingim profectus primum discrimen Marocanum inter Franciam et Germaniam aperuit. Ex eo tempore pax in medio actionis Ioannis Jaurès stetit. Non erat contra patriae defensionem: contra Gustavum Hervé, qui seditionem potius quam bellum postulabat, dixit opifices patriam habere et nationem, domum democratiae, defendi mereri. Sed solum bellum defensivum iustum esse.

Has sententias in librum contulit, ''L'Armée nouvelle'' (Novus exercitus). Eum mense Novembri anni 1910 ut rogationem legis proposuit, mense Aprili anni 1911 edidit. Exercitum civium proposuit, subsidiis nixum (id est militibus exercitatis qui solo bello revocantur), exemplo [[Helvetia]]e, cum brevi tirocinio, novo genere ducum, ratione defensiva. Frigide acceptus est, etiam a sinistris: CGT et Guesdiani librum nimis militarem iudicaverunt.&lt;ref name=&quot;n30&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, capitulum de ''L'Armée nouvelle''.&lt;/ref&gt;

Liber anno 1913 rursus utilis factus est, et bellum mundanum postea plura eius vera fuisse probavit, exempli gratia de bello longo et de pretio militum subsidiariorum.

=== A Basilea ad legem trium annorum ===

In Internationali socialistarum Jaurès laborabat ut verba in firma promissa verterentur. In conventu Stutgardiensi anni 1907 ipse et Eduardus Vaillant effecerunt ut conventus opifices omnium terrarum rogaret ut omnibus viis bellum prohiberent.

Mense Novembri anni 1912, dum bellum in Balcania ardet, conventus extraordinarius Basileae, in Helvetia, habitus est. Ecclesia protestantium aedem suam cathedralem praebuit. E suggestu eius Jaurès claram pro pace adhortationem habuit, e carmine [[Fridericus Schiller|Friderici Schiller]] de campana sumptam.&lt;ref name=&quot;n31&quot;&gt;Scot 2014, qui adhortationem e ''Cantu campanae'' sumptam refert; Candar et Duclert 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Sed conventus nullam certam communem actionem decrevit, et Jaurès de factione Germanica magis magisque sollicitus erat.

In Francia annus 1913 certamine contra novam legem militarem impletus est. Regimen militiam a duobus annis ad tres producere volebat, quia Germania exercitum suum valde augebat. Jaurès in ea lege onus grave et inutile videbat, quod veram exercitus emendationem vitaret.

Respondit consilio libri ''L'Armée nouvelle'', iterum iterumque in curia dixit, contiones per totam terram habuit. Die 25 Maii 1913, apud Le Pré-Saint-Gervais prope Lutetiam, coram circiter 150 000 hominibus locutus est. Libellus publicus 700 000 subscriptiones collegit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n32&quot;&gt;Scot 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Lex tamen die 19 Iulii 1913 lata est.

Diurna nationis cultorum iam summa violentia Jaurès oppugnabant: Germaniae fautorem et proditorem vocabant. Mense Aprili anni 1914 electores responderunt: Jaurès plus quam 58 centesimis suffragiorum reelectus est, et SFIO plus quam centum sedes vicit, quod numquam antea acciderat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n33&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum (58 centesimae suffragiorum; 102 deputati SFIO e 601 sedibus).&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mensis Iulius anni 1914 ===

Die 28 Iunii 1914 heres imperii [[Austrohungaria|Austrohungarici]] [[Seraium|Seraii]] occisus est. Jaurès discrimen Europaeum ingravescens observabat. Medio mense Iulio conventus SFIO consilium eius probavit: communem omnium terrarum operis cessationem, quae regimina cogeret controversiam arbitris permittere.

Die 25 Iulii, apud Vaise prope [[Lugdunum]], ubi candidatum Marium Moutet adiuvabat, exposuit omnes magnas civitates partem culpae habere; Europam in extremo discriminis margine stare monuit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n34&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014; Lalouette 2014 (de textu orationis apud Vaise).&lt;/ref&gt; Diebus 29 et 30 Iulii [[Bruxellae|Bruxellis]] fuit, ad conventum urgentem officii Internationalis socialistarum.

Bruxellis, vespere diei 29 Iulii, in Circo regio coram milibus hominum locutus est. Hugo Haase, socialista Germanus, ante eum contra consilia Austriae dixerat. Jaurès orationem habuit quam multi testes postea magno animi motu rettulerunt. Cum principes communes litteras subscripsissent, Haase Jaurès amplexus est. Ultima imago concordiae Internationalis fuit: proximus enim eius conventus, Vindobona Lutetiam in diem 9 Augusti translatus, numquam habitus est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n35&quot;&gt;Jean Stengers, &quot;Le dernier discours de Jaurès&quot;, apud Candar et Duclert 2014, capitulum I.&lt;/ref&gt;

Lutetiam reversus, die 31 Iulii, Jaurès parvam socialistarum legationem ad ministerium rerum exterarum duxit. Abel Ferry, ministri vicarius, eos accepit. Jaurès institit ut regimen omnia pro pace conservanda faceret.&lt;ref name=&quot;n36&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, e testimonio Abel Ferry.&lt;/ref&gt; In posterum diem magnum commentarium de culpis discriminis parabat. Eo ipso mane ''L'Humanité'' ultimum eius scriptum ediderat, &quot;Sang-froid nécessaire&quot; (De animi tranquillitate necessaria).

== Caedes (die 31 Iulii 1914) ==
[[File:L'Humanité 1914-08-01 (Jaurès assassiné).jpg|thumb|upright|Prima pagina diurnorum ''L'Humanité'' diei 1 Augusti 1914 caedem Ioannis Jaurès nuntiat.]]

Per menses pars diurnorum nationis cultorum Jaurès summa violentia digito monstrabat, paene mortem eius poscens. In febri ultimorum dierum mensis Iulii anni 1914 unus homo his vocibus respondit.

Die 31 Iulii 1914, paulo ante horam decimam vesperi, Jaurès cum collegis in caupona Café du Croissant, in via Montmartre, prope diurna sua, cenabat. Tergum ad fenestram apertam vertebat; solum velum eum a via separabat. Duae glandes e proximo in eum emissae sunt; altera caput percussit. Intra momenta mortuus est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n37&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitulum I; Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

Interfector statim comprehensus est. Nomen ei erat Radulfus Villain, nationis cultor duodetriginta annorum, sodalis Ligae iuvenum amicorum Alsatiae et Lotharingiae et diurnorum nationi deditorum lector. Quorum certamina eum docuerant Jaurès proditorem putare, qui Franciam Germaniae traditurus esset. Apud custodes publicos factum suum explicavit pugna Ioannis Jaurès contra legem trium annorum.

Quaestio postea consilium ostendit: Villain pridie alterum telum emerat, ad aedes diurnorum ''L'Humanité'' Jaurès quaesiverat, cauponam iam vespere diei 30 Iulii observaverat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n38&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitulum II. Villain apud custodes publicos se professus est duodetriginta annorum esse, natum die 19 Septembris 1885 Remis.&lt;/ref&gt;

Nuntius totam nationem vehementissime movit. Regimen tumultus timebat paulo ante omnium militum convocationem; itaque mortuum honoravit.

Societates opificum praecipuam suam pro pace vocem amiserant; bellum prohibere non potuerunt. Mirum dictu, mors eius etiam concordiam nationalem mensis Augusti anni 1914 adiuvit, quam Franci ''union sacrée'' vocaverunt, quamquam Jaurès pro pace pugnaverat. Francia die 1 Augusti milites convocavit; Germania die 3 Augusti bellum indixit.

Die 4 Augusti, in exsequiis Lutetiae, Vaillant, Jouhaux collegiorum dux, Viviani primus minister locuti sunt. In curia praeses eius [[Paulus Deschanel]] Jaurès martyrem sententiarum suarum vocavit (id est hominem qui pro fide sua mortuus est), et omnes deputati surrexerunt. Die 5 Augusti Albigae sepultus est.

Iudicium Radulfi Villain per totum bellum dilatum est. Mense Martio anni 1919 coram iudicibus Sequanae apertum est. Advocati eius dixerunt Villain mente instabilem esse. Quaedam numquam explicata sunt, exempli gratia unde pecuniam habuisset. Die 29 Martii 1919 iurati eum absolverunt. Suffragium iuratorum secretum est; diurna rettulerunt unum tantum iuratum contra dixisse.&lt;ref name=&quot;n39&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitula III et IV. Suffragium iuratorum secretum est; de uno iurato dissentiente diurna testantur.&lt;/ref&gt;

Vidua Ioannis Jaurès etiam impensas iudicii solvere debuit. Sententia indignationem longe ultra sinistras movit: die 6 Aprilis 1919 ingens pompa per Lutetiam transiit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n40&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitulum IV.&lt;/ref&gt;

Villain postea in [[Hispania]] vixit, in insula Ebuso. Milites militiae republicanae (manus armatae) eum ibi anno 1936, ineunte [[Bellum civile Hispanicum|bello civili Hispanico]], interfecerunt.&lt;ref name=&quot;n41&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitulum IV.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Memoria ==
[[File:15-3-25, Castres, inauguration du monument Jaurès - btv1b53143825v.jpg|thumb|Monumentum Ioannis Jaurès [[Castres|Castris]] dedicatur, die 15 Martii 1925.]]

Jaurès paene statim fama paene fabulosa circumdatus est. Die 23 Novembris 1924, regimine sinistro, corpus eius in [[Pantheon Parisiense]] translatum est. Duae pompae funebres id secutae sunt, altera publica, altera communistarum. Hereditas enim Ioannis Jaurès iam praemium facta erat certaminis inter socialistas et communistas, duas factiones e scissura anni 1920 natas.&lt;ref name=&quot;n42&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum; Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

''L'Humanité'', iam acta factionis communistarum, et SFIO [[Leo Blum|Leonis Blum]] ambae se certamen eius continuare dicebant. Quarto decennio saeculi vicesimi etiam &quot;neosocialistae&quot; Marcelli Déat nomen eius sibi sumpserunt, antequam ad societatem cum Nazistis declinaverunt; Blum memoriam conditoris defendere debuit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n43&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, capitulum &quot;Entre 'néosocialisme' et 'révolution intégrale'&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Anno 1936 Frons Popularis victoriam suam nomine eius celebravit.

Monumenta mature venerunt. Societas amicorum Ioannis Jaurès anno 1916 orta est; prima monumenta publica anno 1921 surrexerunt. Carmaux monumentum suum anno 1923 dedicavit, adstante scriptore [[Anatolius France|Anatolio France]]; Castres anno 1925, Tolosa anno 1929 secutae sunt.

Anno 1992 Fundatio Ioannis Jaurès condita est, Petro Mauroy praeside. Die 21 Maii 1981, quo die munus iniit, praeses [[Franciscus Mitterrand]] rosam in sepulcro Ioannis Jaurès in Pantheo posuit. Milia viarum, arearum, scholarum, stationum ferriviae subterraneae nomen eius gerunt. Hodie viri publici fere omnium factionum Jaurès sibi vindicant, interdum modis a veris eius sententiis remotis, quos historici corrigunt.

Studia docta de Ioanne Jaurès circa Societatem studiorum Iauresianorum ordinata sunt, anno 1959 conditam, centum annis post diem natalem eius. Primus eam rexit Ernestus Labrousse, deinde Magdalena Rebérioux ab anno 1982 ad annum 2005.

Sedes nationalis et museum Ioannis Jaurès Castris anno 1988 aperta sunt. Ab anno 2000 editor Fayard editionem doctam et integram operum eius imprimit. Anni 2009 (centum quinquaginta post natalem) et 2014 (centum post mortem) multas memoriae sollemnitates novaque studia attulerunt.&lt;ref name=&quot;n44&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Doctrina et opera ==

=== Philosophus ===

Jaurès semper synthesin quaerebat, id est coniunctionem sententiarum quae contrariae videntur. Ei philosophia et actio numquam seiunctae erant. Dissertatio eius mundum unum totum vivumque describit: mundus non est sola materia mortua; cogitatio humana pars est vitae mundi eiusque motum continuat.

Hinc altissima eius fides: iustitiae propositum non est somnium mundo extrinsecus impositum, sed vis quae iam intus in eo operatur. Itaque sententiae et vires oeconomicae historiae inter se pugnare non debent.

=== Socialismus rei publicae ===

A [[Carolus Marx|Marx]], quem diligenter legerat, Jaurès rationem certaminis ordinum et pondus rei oeconomicae accepit. Sed rem oeconomicam solam causam historiae facere noluit. In disputatione anni 1895 cum Lafargue demonstravit sententias morales, e philosophis saeculi duodevicesimi et Rebus Novis Francicis natas, propriam in historia vim habere.&lt;ref name=&quot;n45&quot;&gt;Jean Jaurès et Paul Lafargue, &quot;Idéalisme et matérialisme dans la conception de l'histoire&quot;, disputatio publica, 1895; Duclert 2013, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ei socialismus rem publicam perficit: potestatem civis ad rem oeconomicam extendit, per communem possessionem magnorum efficiendi instrumentorum, ut officinarum, metallorum, ferriviarum. Viae ad hoc propositum nomen Francogallicum dedit: ''évolution révolutionnaire'' (progressio quae res convertit). Id est: maiores partes liberis comitiis parare, emendationes alias post alias obtinere, opifices ordinare, non vi potestatem capere.&lt;ref name=&quot;n46&quot;&gt;De hac via vide Scot 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ita reformator singularis generis erat, qui propositum societatis funditus mutandae numquam deposuit. Socialistae qui Marx strictius sequebantur dicebant eum sententiis nimis credere; collegiorum duces revolutionarii eum curiae nimis credere. Attamen decem postremis annis dux socialismi Francici maxime auditus erat et inter magnas voces Internationalis numerabatur.

=== De civitate et religione seiungendis ===

Seiunctio civitatis et ecclesiarum (Francogallice ''laïcité'') in medio actionis eius stetit. Ea est regula qua civitas et ecclesiae separatae esse debent. Filius scholae republicanae et constans magistrorum amicus, Jaurès eam praesidium libertatis putabat, non telum contra religionem. Hinc explicatur cur seiunctionem liberalem anno 1905 adiuverit et magnam orationem pro schola laica mense Ianuario anni 1910 habuerit.

Fidem pueritiae reliquerat, sed de religione ut philosophus cogitare non desiit. Longum scriptum de religione et socialismo, vivo eo non editum, hanc perpetuam quaestionem ostendit: socialismum, ut putabat, necessitatibus animi humani alio modo respondere debere quam ecclesiae responderent.&lt;ref name=&quot;n47&quot;&gt;&quot;Pour la laïque&quot;, oratio in curia, Ianuario 1910; Jean Jaurès, ''La Question religieuse et le socialisme'', ed. Michel Launay, Paris, Les Éditions de Minuit, 1959.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Patria, Internationalis, coloniae ===

Erant qui dicerent aut patriam aut Internationalem eligendam esse. Jaurès respondit ambas simul stare. Natio est domus historica, in qua opifices iura sua vincunt; Internationalis est instrumentum quod nationes a bello prohibere debet. Liber ''L'Armée nouvelle'' id clara sententia dicit: paulum studii rerum omnium gentium a patria abducere, multum ad eam reducere; paulum amoris patriae ab Internationali abducere, multum ad eam reducere.&lt;ref name=&quot;n48&quot;&gt;Jean Jaurès, ''L'Armée nouvelle'', Paris, Jules Rouff, 1911.&lt;/ref&gt;

Sententia eius de coloniis eandem contentionem ostendit: bonis omnium hominum communibus credebat, sed imperium vi in alios populos impositum castigabat. Initio communem opinionem de munere humanitatis afferendae acceperat; postremo acer castigator fuit violentiae expugnationis, cupiditatis lucri celeris, periculorum belli inter potentes civitates. Sed ipsam coloniarum rationem ut principium numquam reiecit.

=== Rerum scriptor ===

Opus eius historicum quoque grave fuit. Librum ''Histoire socialiste de la Révolution française'' maxime inter annos 1898 et 1903 scripsit, post longos in tabulariis labores. Propositum novum erat: Res Novas per vitam oeconomicam et socialem narrare, populo quasi actori vocem dare, primas spes aequalitatis bonorum metiri. Verbum ''socialiste'' in titulo multos doctos offendit; etiam Alphonsus Aulard, primus professor historiae Rerum Novarum, id reprehendit.

Posteriores historici aliter iudicaverunt. Albertus Mathiez, deinde Albertus Soboul opus iterum ediderunt. Hodie liber fundamentum historiae socialis Rerum Novarum Francicarum habetur. Anno 1903, Ioanne Jaurès auctore, curia etiam consilium publicum creavit, quod documenta oeconomica Rerum Novarum ederet; quod per multa decennia laboravit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n49&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, qui castigationem Alphonsi Aulard (1902) refert et analysin Monae Ozouf de verbo ''socialiste''.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Orator et scriptor diurnorum ===

In memoria Francorum Jaurès proprium locum inter magnos oratores Tertiae Rei Publicae tenet. Vocem validam et doctrinam amplissimam habebat, sine commentariis adhibitam. Omnem disputationem ad principia generalia tollere poterat. Testes etiam dicebant eum singulas causas exactissime nosse: orationes igitur eius tam argumenta erant quam verba pulchra.

Ut scriptor diurnorum per triginta fere annos paene cotidie scripsit, in ''La Dépêche'', in ''La Petite République'', in ''L'Humanité''. Haec aliquot milia commentariorum inter maximas sui temporis scriptionum diurnarum collectiones numerantur.

== Tabula temporum ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Dies !! Res gesta
|-
| 3 Septembris 1859 || Castris (Tarnis) natus.
|-
| 1878 || Primus examen Scholae Normalis Superioris superavit.
|-
| 1881 || ''Agrégation'' philosophiae adeptus; magister lycei Albigensis.
|-
| 4 Octobris 1885 || Deputatus Tarnis creatus, minimus natu Franciae, inter republicanos.
|-
| 29 Iunii 1886 || Ludovicam Bois uxorem duxit.
|-
| Mense Septembri 1889 || Comitiis victus; ad Universitatem Tolosanam rediit.
|-
| 1892 || Doctor philosophiae; cessatio metallicorum apud Carmaux (Augusto–Novembri).
|-
| Mense Ianuario 1893 || Deputatus socialista Carmausinus comitiis extraordinariis creatus; mense Augusto reelectus.
|-
| 1895–1896 || Cessatio vitrariorum Carmausinorum; Officina vitraria opificum Albigae condita.
|-
| Mense Ianuario 1898 || In [[Alfredus Dreyfus|causam Dreyfusianam]] post &quot;J'accuse…!&quot; Aemilii Zolae ingressus.
|-
| 8 Maii 1898 || Sedem Carmausinam marchioni de Solages amisit.
|-
| Aestate 1898 || ''Les Preuves'' in ''La Petite République'' edidit, deinde ut librum.
|-
| Mense Iunio 1899 || Ministerium defensionis republicanae Waldeck-Rousseau sustinuit.
|-
| Mense Novembri 1900 || Disputatio de &quot;duabus viis&quot; cum Iulio Guesde in urbe Lille.
|-
| 1901–1908 || ''Histoire socialiste'' (1789–1900) edita.
|-
| Mense Aprili 1902 || Apud Carmaux reelectus; columen coniunctionis sinistrarum (vicarius praeses Camerae anno 1903).
|-
| 30 Iulii 1903 || Oratio ad iuventutem, Albigae.
|-
| 18 Aprilis 1904 || Primus numerus diurnorum ''L'Humanité''; mense Augusto conventus internationalis Amstelodamensis.
|-
| Mense Aprili 1905 || Conventus aulae du Globe: SFIO nata.
|-
| 9 Decembris 1905 || Lex de ecclesiis et civitate seiungendis promulgata.
|-
| Mense Iunio 1906 || Magna disputatio cum Clemenceau de factione radicali et de socialismo.
|-
| 12 Iulii 1906 || Centurio Dreyfus a summo iudicio Franciae innocens declaratus.
|-
| Mense Octobri 1908 || Conventus Tolosanus SFIO: concordia confirmata.
|-
| 1910–1911 || Lex de annuis opificum lata; ''L'Armée nouvelle'' editus.
|-
| Iulio–Octobri 1911 || Iter orationum in Brasiliam, Uraquariam, Argentinam.
|-
| 24–25 Novembris 1912 || Oratio pro pace in conventu internationali Basileensi.
|-
| 25 Maii 1913 || Contio apud Le Pré-Saint-Gervais contra legem militiae trium annorum.
|-
| 26 Aprilis 1914 || Apud Carmaux reelectus; circiter centum deputati SFIO.
|-
| 31 Iulii 1914 || In caupona Café du Croissant Lutetiae a Radulfo Villain occisus.
|-
| 29 Martii 1919 || Radulfus Villain a iudicibus Sequanae absolutus.
|-
| 23 Novembris 1924 || Corpus Ioannis Jaurès in Pantheon translatum.
|-
| 14 Novembris 1959 || Societas studiorum Iauresianorum condita.
|}

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Opera selecta ==
* ''De primis [[Socialismus|socialismi]] germanici lineamentis apud [[Martinus Lutherus|Lutherum]], [[Immanuel Kantius|Kant]], [[Ioannes Fichte|Fichte]] et [[Hegel]]'' ([[dissertatio]] [[lingua Latina|Latina]]), [[1891]] 
* ''Discours parlementaires'', [[1904]]
* ''Histoire socialiste de la révolution française'', [[1908]]
* Jaurès (Jean), ''Œuvres'', Paris, Fayard, editio docta ab anno 2000 in cursu. (Opera collecta.)

== Bibliographia ==
* Candar (Gilles) et Duclert (Vincent), ''Jean Jaurès'', Paris, Fayard, 2014. (Praecipua vita docta.)
* Duclert (Vincent), ''Jaurès 1859-1914. La politique et la légende'', Paris, Autrement, 2013. (Breve studium de vita et fama.)
* Lalouette (Jacqueline), ''Jean Jaurès. L'assassinat, la gloire, le souvenir'', Paris, Perrin, 2014. (Liber de caede, de iudicio interfectoris, de memoria.)
* Rioux (Jean-Pierre), ''Jean Jaurès'', Paris, Perrin, 2005. (Vita brevis et perspicua.)
* Scot (Jean-Paul), ''Jaurès et le réformisme révolutionnaire'', Paris, Seuil, 2014. (Studium de sententiis politicis.)

== Nexus externi ==
* ''[[s:De_primis_socialismi_germanici_lineamentis_apud_Lutherum,_Kant,_Fichte,_Hegel|De primis socialismi germanici lineamentis apud Lutherum, Kant, Fichte et Hegel]]'' dissertatio apud [[Vicifons|Vicifontem]] legi potest.

{{Lifetime|1859|1914|Jaures, Ioannes}}
[[Categoria:Auctores Latini recentiores]]
[[Categoria:Diurnarii Franciae]]
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[[Categoria:Socialistae Franciae]]
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[[Categoria:Mortui 1914]]</text>
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[[Fasciculus:Jean jaures.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|Ioannes Jaurès.]]
'''Ioannes Jaurès''' (natus ''Auguste Marie Joseph Jean Léon Jaurès'' [[Castra Albigensium|Castris Albigensium]] die [[3 Septembris]] [[1859]]; mortuus [[Lutetia]]e die [[31 Iulii]] [[1914]]) fuit assecla [[socialismus|socialismi]] [[Francia|Francicus]].

Anno 1885, sex et viginti annos natus, in concilium legum ferendarum Franciae, quod Camera Deputatorum appellatur, ingressus est. Anno 1892 magna metallicorum operis cessatio in oppido [[Carmaux]] facta eum socialistam fecit. Anno 1898 contendit ut [[Alfredus Dreyfus]], centurio (Francogallice ''capitaine'') genere Iudaeus, qui proditionis (id est hostium adiuvandorum) accusatus erat, innocens esse demonstraretur. Anno 1904 acta diurna ''L'Humanité'' condidit. Anno 1905 socialistas Francicos in unam factionem, cui nomen SFIO, coniungendos curavit. Postremis annis contra periculum magni belli Europaei pugnavit. Iuvenis quidam Francicus, nationis amore incensus, eum Lutetiae die 31 Iulii 1914 interfecit, triduo antequam [[Germania]] Franciae bellum indixit.

Jaurès inter homines maxime honoratos historiae Francicae numeratur. Anno 1924 corpus eius in [[Pantheon Parisiense]] translatum est. Haec est clara aedes Lutetiae, ubi Francia viros feminasque summos honorat. Milia viarum, arearum, scholarum in Francia nomen eius gerunt.

Scripta quoque gravia reliquit. Praecipua sunt dissertatio philosophica ''De la réalité du monde sensible'' (typis edita anno 1891, defensa anno 1892); magna historia [[Res Novae Francicae|Rerum Novarum Francicarum]], cui titulus ''Histoire socialiste de la Révolution française'' (1901–1904); liber ''L'Armée nouvelle'' (1911). Praeterea aliquot milia commentariorum in actis diurnis scripsit.

== Pueritia et studia (1859–1881) ==

=== Pueritia in Tarne ===

Ioannes Jaurès natus est Castris, in parvo oppido [[Tarnis (praefectura Franciae)|Tarnis]], in Francia meridiana. Familia eius ordinis medii erat neque dives. Pater, Iulius Jaurès (1819–1882), in mercatura parum prosperatus, victum quaerebat e parvo fundo, cui nomen La Fédial, prope oppidum sito. Mater, Adelais Barbaza (1822–1906), femina catholica religiosissima, duos filios diligentissime educandos curabat. Minor filius, Ludovicus (1860–1937), postea praefectus classis (id est dux summus rerum navalium) et deputatus factus est.

Ioannes inter oppidum et agros crevit. Per totam vitam Franciam meridianam, linguam Occitanicam, mundum agricolarum penitus amavit. Eorum difficultatum numquam oblitus est, postquam in rem publicam ingressus est.

Anno 1869 Jaurès, stipendio adiutus (id est pecunia bono discipulo publice data), scholam Castrensem intravit. Discipulus clarissimi ingenii erat. Anno 1876 inspector scholarum, Felix Deltour, magnam eius indolem animadvertit puerumque Lutetiam misit, in scholam Sanctae Barbarae, ut se ad examen [[Schola Normalis Superior|Scholae Normalis Superioris]] pararet. Haec schola Francica celeberrima magistros et doctos format.

Eodem anno, sedecim annos natus, primam orationem publicam habuit, qua praefectum (summum regionis magistratum) salutavit. Anno 1878 primum praemium certaminis nationalis de optima oratione Francogallica reportavit; deinde primus omnium examen Scholae Normalis Superioris superavit. Philosophus [[Henricus Bergson]] eodem anno in eandem scholam receptus est.

=== Philosophiae studiosus ===

In Schola Normali Superiore Jaurès philosophiam elegit. Haec disciplina ei placebat, quia mundum totum intellegere conatur. Anno 1881 in publico illo doctorum certamine quod ''agrégation'' dicitur, examine difficillimo futurorum magistrorum, tertium locum obtinuit, post Paulum Lesbazeilles et Bergson.&lt;ref name=&quot;n1&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt; Res publica et scholae eius gratuitae hanc viam ei aperuerant. Quam ob rem rei publicae per totam vitam gratiam habuit. Ei enim res publica quasi promissio erat: scientiam pauperes liberare posse.

== Magister et iuvenis deputatus (1881–1889) ==

=== Philosophiae magister ===

Autumno anni 1881 Jaurès magister factus est in lyceo (schola secundaria) [[Albiga|Albigensi]]. Prope familiam manere voluit: pater enim graviter aegrotabat et mense Maio anni 1882 mortuus est. Docendo magnam famam adeptus est: sine commentariis loquebatur et discipulos quasi pares tractabat.

Ineunte anno 1883 in Universitate [[Tolosa]]na scholas habere coepit; primam ibi die 15 Ianuarii habuit. Exeunte eodem anno, rectore Perroud adiuvante, lector ibi factus est. Etiam in schola puellarum de moribus (id est de recto et pravo) docebat. His in scholis sensim suam de historia philosophiam aedificavit. Ioanni Jaurès philosophia et res publica inter se non pugnabant: altera alterius egebat.

=== Minimus natu deputatus Franciae ===

Republicani Tarnenses Jaurès rogaverunt ut comitiis anni 1885 candidatus esset. Die 4 Octobris paulo plus dimidia parte suffragiorum electus est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n2&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, tabula temporum (50,9 centesimae suffragiorum); Duclert 2013 (Jaurès, optime electus e quinque republicanis Tarnis, 48 040 suffragiis).&lt;/ref&gt; Sex et viginti annos natus minimus natu omnium deputatorum Franciae erat. Deputatus is appellatur qui in Camera Deputatorum, concilio legum ferendarum Francico, sedet. Cum republicanis moderatis sedit, non cum socialistis.

Mense Martio anni 1886, post metallicorum cessationem apud Decazeville, cum deputatis socialistis non suffragatus est. Sed inde ab initio quaestiones sociales tractavit. Anno 1886 legem proposuit de pecunia colligenda, qua opificibus aegris subveniretur et senectus eorum aleretur. Anno 1887 relationem scripsit de lege qua custodes salutis (opifices electi qui saluti sociorum invigilarent) in metallis creati sunt. Prima eius oratio, mense Octobri anni 1886 habita, de scholis erat.

Die 29 Iunii 1886 Jaurès Ludovicam Bois, filiam mercatoris Albigensis, in matrimonium duxit. Duos liberos habuerunt: Magdalenam (1889–1951) et Ludovicum (1898–1918). Ludovicus in [[Bellum Orbis Terrarum I|Bello Orbis Terrarum Primo]] occisus est, quattuor annis post patrem. Per uxorem Jaurès villa rustica Bessoulet, prope Albigam sita, uti poterat, ubi fere omnes aestates agebat.

Mense Ianuario anni 1887 primum commentarium scripsit in ''La Dépêche'', magnis actis diurnis republicanis Tolosanis. Ibi usque ad annum 1914 scripsit, plus mille omnino commentarios. His annis etiam contra Boulanger pugnavit, ducem militarem apud populum gratiosum, qui rei publicae periculosus erat.

Comitia mensis Septembris anni 1889 nova ratione habita sunt: in singulis parvis regionibus singuli deputati creabantur. Jaurès candidatus erat in prima regione Castrensi, ubi conservatores valebant. Eorum princeps erat baro Renatus Reille, caput familiae Reille-Solages, cuius erant metalla Carmausina. Jaurès in ipso oppido Castrensi maiorem partem suffragiorum tulit, sed in agris victus est. Conservator Leo Abrial eum vicit suffragiis 9 632 contra 8 776.&lt;ref name=&quot;n3&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, capitulum &quot;La défaite de Castres&quot;; Candar et Duclert 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iisdem comitiis baro Reille sedem suam retinuit, et gener eius, marchio de Solages, societatis metallorum rector, regionem Carmausinam vicit. Jaurès ad universitatem et ad philosophiam rediit.

== Quomodo socialista factus sit (1889–1893) ==
[[File:JauresACarmaux.jpg|thumb|Statua Ioannis Jaurès apud [[Carmaux]], anno 1923 dedicata.]]

=== Doctor philosophiae et magistratus urbanus ===

Tolosam reversus Jaurès duas dissertationes perfecit, quas ineunte anno 1892 defendit. Prior, cui titulus ''De la réalité du monde sensible'' (De veritate mundi sensibilis), docet mundum, qui circa nos est, verum esse et unum quoddam totum vivum efficere. Altera, Latine scripta, radices socialismi in philosophia Germanica quaerit, a [[Martinus Lutherus|Luthero]] usque ad [[Georgius Gulielmus Fridericus Hegel|Hegel]].&lt;ref name=&quot;n4&quot;&gt;''De la réalité du monde sensible'', Paris, Alcan, 1891; ''De primis socialismi germanici lineamentis apud Lutherum, Kant, Fichte et Hegel'', Toulouse, 1891.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ita Jaurès socialismum primum per philosophiam invenit. Postea certamina opificum eum acrem socialismi militem fecerunt.

Anno 1890 in concilium urbanum Tolosanum electus est et adiutor primi magistratus factus est scholis publicis praepositus. In commentariis suis in ''La Dépêche'' motum opificum crescentem observabat: cogitabat de primo die festo opificum (Kalendis Maiis instituto) deque militibus qui anno 1891 apud Fourmies in opifices ab opere cessantes tela coniecerunt.

Paulatim ad sententias socialistarum accessit. Lucianus Herr, bibliothecarius Scholae Normalis Superioris, eum in hanc viam duxit. Etiam cum Iulio Guesde, socialistarum principe, longos sermones habuit; quorum unus, Tolosae mense Martio anni 1892 habitus, clarus factus est. Sed historici docent mutationem eius lentam et gradatim factam esse, non unius noctis opus.&lt;ref name=&quot;n5&quot;&gt;Scot 2014. Auctor disputationem Tolosanam diei 27 Martii 1892 narrat, sed Carmaux verum &quot;laboratorium sociale&quot; mutationis fuisse ostendit.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Carmaux, ubi certamen sociale didicit ===

Oppidum metallicum Carmaux Jaurès et motum opificum coniunxit. Comitiis urbanis Kalendis Maiis anni 1892 habitis socialistae vicerunt. Die 15 Maii Ioannes Baptista Calvignac primus urbis magistratus (Francogallice ''maire'') factus est. Calvignac faber ferrarius societatis metallorum erat et scriba collegii metallicorum. Collegium opificum est sodalitas quae opifices defendit.

Societas ei otium ad munus magistratus obeundum dare noluit et die 2 Augusti eum ab opere dimisit. Metallicis hoc visum est suffragium universale violare, id est ius omnium virorum adultorum suffragii ferendi. Medio mense Augusto cessatio operis communis facta est; tres fere menses duravit. Qui rei publicae praeerant milites in oppidum miserunt.

In ''La Dépêche'' Jaurès partes metallicorum suscepit. Argumentum eius simplex et firmum erat: si opifex, qui mercede vivit, primus urbis magistratus esse non potest quin opus amittat, iura civis et condicio opificis inter se pugnant; quod si verum est, totus ordo societatis pravus est. Cessatio res totius nationis facta est.

Die 30 Octobris 1892 arbitri (iudices extra litem electi qui controversiam finirent) sententiam dixerunt. Calvignac opus suum recepit; plerique cessantes recepti sunt, paucis exceptis qui violentiae damnati erant. Medio mense Octobri marchio de Solages, auxilio politico privatus, munus deputati deposuerat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n6&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, capitulum VII; Scot 2014. Vide etiam commentarios Ioannis Jaurès &quot;Les incidents de Carmaux&quot;, ''La Dépêche'', 29 Augusti 1892, et &quot;La question de principe&quot;, ''La Dépêche'', 19 Septembris 1892.&lt;/ref&gt;

Mense Ianuario anni 1893 comitia extraordinaria uni sedi vacuae habita sunt. Post longas deliberationes socialistae Carmausini Jaurès candidatum elegerunt. Ille rationem factionis opificum Iulii Guesde accepit, quae agricolis utilia proponebat.

Altero suffragio vicit, fere 52 centesimis suffragiorum. Comitiis generalibus mensis Augusti anni 1893 primo statim suffragio reelectus est, 59,3 centesimis.&lt;ref name=&quot;n7&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, tabula temporum (52,1 centesimae mense Ianuario, 59,3 mense Augusto 1893); Scot 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Professor republicanus deputatus socialista metallicorum factus erat, atque etiam multorum agricolarum.

== Deputatus socialista (1893–1898) ==

Quinquaginta fere deputati socialistae anno 1893 in Cameram ingressi sunt. Jaurès celeriter inter oratores eius maxime auditos fuit. Libertates publicas (ut libertatem loquendi et libera acta diurna) defendit contra leges duras, quae post insidias anarchistarum machinis displosivis factas latae erant. Pro agricolis, magistris, opificibus dixit.

Anno 1895 cum Paulo Lafargue publice de historia disputavit: utrum sententiae historiam moveant an solae vires oeconomicae? Jaurès respondit: utraeque. Doctrinam [[Carolus Marx|Caroli Marx]] cum iustitiae studio, quod Res Novae Francicae attulerant, coniungere volebat.

Tarnis sedes eius propria mansit. Anno 1895 vitrarii Carmausini contra dominum suum, Eugenium Rességuier, ab opere cessaverunt, sed victi sunt. Jaurès novum remedium iis dedit: officinam quae ipsorum opificum esset (Francogallice ''coopérative''). Officina vitraria opificum Albigensis mense Octobri anni 1896 aperta est, donis ex tota Francia collatis aedificata. Signum motus cooperativi Francici facta est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n8&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005; Candar et Duclert 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

Eodem tempore potentes regionis oppidum socialistarum Carmaux oppugnabant. Iudices Calvignac magistratu moverunt eique iura politica in quinque annos ademerunt.

Jaurès etiam inter peritissimos rerum rusticarum numerabatur. Oratione mensis Iulii anni 1897 docuit socialismum non esse hostem parvi agricolae, sed praesidium eius contra feneratores et mercatores intermedios (qui inter agricolas et emptores stant). Haec agrorum cura partem felicium eius comitiorum explicat.

Die 15 Martii 1897, magna oratione de [[Imperium Ottomanicum|Imperio Ottomanico]] habita, caedes Armeniorum denuntiavit. Potentes civitates Europae, in iis Franciam, accusavit quod populos integros pecuniae causa et bonae inter civitates gratiae perire sinerent. Una e primis huius generis vocibus in curia Francica fuit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n9&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum (oratio diei 15 Martii 1897 de Imperio Ottomanico).&lt;/ref&gt;

== Causa Dreyfusiana (1897–1899) ==

=== A dubitatione ad certamen ===

Mense Decembri anni 1894 iudicium militare centurionem [[Alfredus Dreyfus|Alfredum Dreyfus]] proditionis damnavit. Jaurès primo, ut fere omnes, Dreyfus nocentem esse credidit; immo in curia questus est militem gregarium ob minus crimen morte multatum iri.

Mutatus est mense Ianuario anni 1898, postquam [[Aemilius Zola]] claram epistulam apertam &quot;J'accuse…!&quot; edidit. Tum Jaurès e rostris curiae iudicium contra leges factum anni 1894 denuntiavit. Die 22 Ianuarii deputatus regiis partibus deditus, comes de Bernis, eum de rostris descendentem pulsavit. Die 12 Februarii Jaurès testis fuit in iudicio Zolae; defensores Dreyfusi scientiam eius causae exactam laudaverunt.

Hoc certamine inter socialistas paene solus relictus est. Plerique enim, Guesde duce, causam rixam intra ordinem medium esse putabant. Litterae eorum publicae diei 24 Iulii 1898 dixerunt opifices in hac pugna nihil agendum habere.

Certamen ei etiam sedem abstulit. Die 8 Maii 1898 omnes inimici eius post marchionem de Solages se coniunxerunt. Jaurès apud Carmaux cum 45 centesimis suffragiorum victus est, quamquam socialistae in tota natione crescebant.&lt;ref name=&quot;n10&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013 (5 515 suffragia contra 6 702 marchionis de Solages).&lt;/ref&gt; Mense Iulio etiam universitas Lutetiae scholam ei negavit. Sedem, spem cathedrae professoris, magnam partem auxilii suorum amiserat; stilus et vox solae manebant.

=== Les Preuves (Argumenta) ===

Jaurès redactor et alter rector factus est diurnorum ''La Petite République'', primorum socialistarum Lutetiae. Die 7 Iulii 1898 novus minister belli, Cavaignac, litteras in curia recitavit, quas culpam Dreyfusi probare dixit. Amici Dreyfusi se victos esse senserunt.

Jaurès autem occasionem vidit: litterae enim falsae erant, et causa nunc coram tota natione iterum aperta. [[Leo Blum]] postea factum eius cum illo Zolae &quot;J'accuse…!&quot; comparavit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n11&quot;&gt;Léon Blum, ''Souvenirs sur l'Affaire'', apud Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

Aestatem operi dedit. Inde a die 10 Augusti 1898 ''La Petite République'' studium eius edidit, postea librum factum: ''Les Preuves'' (Argumenta). Tria demonstravit: iudicium anni 1894 contra leges factum esse, quia litterae secretae solis iudicibus monstratae erant; indicem illum scriptum (Francogallice ''bordereau''), unde tota causa orta erat, ab alio duce militari, Esterhazy, confectum esse; litteras a Cavaignac recitatas falsas esse.

Res ipsae eum verum dixisse celerrime probaverunt. Die 30 Augusti Henry, dux militaris, confessus est se praecipuas litteras finxisse; postero die mortem sibi conscivit. Die 26 Septembris qui rei publicae praeerant summum iudicium rogaverunt ut iudicium anni 1894 retractaretur.&lt;ref name=&quot;n12&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005; Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ioanni Jaurès unum hominem innocentem defendere officium socialistae erat. Socialismus enim pro genere humano pugnat; oculos avertere non potest, ubi genus humanum in uno homine opprimitur. Iustitia et ius non sunt bona &quot;ordinis medii&quot;: imprimis infirmos protegunt.

Anno 1899 alterum iudicium Dreyfusi, in urbe Rennes habitum, pro actis suis diurnis spectavit. Iudices innocentem iterum damnaverunt, et praeses rei publicae ei veniam dedit. Jaurès non destitit: cum familia Dreyfusi laboravit, donec die 12 Iulii 1906 ille in integrum restitutus est, id est innocentia eius publice declarata. Magna eius oratio mensis Aprilis anni 1903 in curia habita hunc ultimum gradum incohaverat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n13&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rem publicam defendit (1899–1904) ==

=== Quaestio Millerandiana ===

Mense Iunio anni 1899, cum discrimen a nationis cultoribus motum maxime urgeret, Waldeck-Rousseau ministerium &quot;defensionis republicanae&quot; composuit, cuius propositum erat rem publicam ab inimicis tueri. Socialista, [[Alexander Millerand]], in eo minister factus est, iuxta Galliffet ducem, veterem opificum inimicum. Tum primum socialista in ministerium &quot;ordinis medii&quot; intravit. Socialistae de ea re vehementer dissenserunt.

Jaurès consilium defendit: cum res publica in periculo est, opifices eam servare debent, quia res publica omni futuro progressui viam aperit. Mense Decembri anni 1899 conventus generalis omnium socialistarum Lutetiae, in aula Japy, habitus est. Duo decreta inter se contraria probavit: alterum vetabat ne socialista umquam in ministerium huius generis intraret; alterum id certis condicionibus, factione moderante, permittebat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n14&quot;&gt;Scot 2014. Decretum Guesdianum 818 suffragiis contra 634 latum est; decretum commissionis 1 140 contra 240.&lt;/ref&gt;

Mense Novembri anni 1900, in urbe Lille, Jaurès et Guesde de &quot;duabus viis&quot; coram milibus sociorum disputaverunt: utrum res singulae paulatim emendandae essent, an rerum omnium conversio sola exspectanda. Secessio secuta est: Guesde cum suis unam factionem (1901), Jaurès cum amicis alteram (1902) condidit.

Ioanni Jaurès exitus periculum susceptum probavit. Millerand minister diem operis breviorem fecit, concilio operum delegatos opificum admisit, annua opificibus senibus danda paravit. Waldeck-Rousseau dominos officinarum apud Le Creusot, magna operis cessatione facta, ad colloquium adegit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n15&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt; Ante omnia res publica ab impetu nationis cultorum servata est.

=== In coniunctione sinistrarum ===

Mense Aprili anni 1902 apud Carmaux reelectus, Jaurès columen factus est maioris partis sinistrae, quae ministerium Aemilii Combes sustinebat. Mense Ianuario anni 1903 deputati eum vicarium praesidem Camerae elegerunt. Ingenium suum dedit scholae laicae (id est scholae publicae a religione liberae) et ordinibus religiosis (sodaliciis monachorum et monacharum) sub leges redigendis.

Die 30 Iulii 1903, in sollemnibus praemiorum lycei Albigensis, &quot;Orationem ad iuventutem&quot; habuit, in qua haec verba clarissima leguntur: fortitudinem esse verum quaerere et verum dicere.&lt;ref name=&quot;n16&quot;&gt;Jean Jaurès, &quot;Discours à la jeunesse&quot;, in sollemnibus praemiorum lycei Albigensis, 30 Iulii 1903.&lt;/ref&gt;

Hi anni etiam scribendi fuerunt. Operi ''Histoire socialiste (1789–1900)'' praefuit, historiae a multis auctoribus scriptae, tredecim voluminum (1901–1908). Ipse volumina de Rebus Novis Francicis, narrationem belli annorum 1870–1871, conclusionem scripsit. Liber longis studiis in tabulariis factis nitebatur; Res Novas per vitam oeconomicam et socialem narravit et plebi vocem dedit. Diu apud historicos valuit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n17&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005. Opus iterum ediderunt Albert Mathiez (1922–1924), deinde Albert Soboul (Éditions sociales, 1968–1973).&lt;/ref&gt;

Jaurès primas partes egit in via ad ecclesias et civitatem seiungendas. Mense Maio anni 1904 ''L'Humanité'', nova eius acta diurna, litteras secretas ediderunt, quibus Pontifex Maximus apud regimina Europaea questus erat de itinere praesidis Loubet Romam facto. Hoc scandalo necessitudines inter Franciam et Sedem Apostolicam ruptae sunt;&lt;ref name=&quot;n18&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014. Albertus I, princeps Monoeci, litteras diurnis dedit.&lt;/ref&gt; seiunctio certa facta est.

Cum [[Aristides Briand|Aristide Briand]] Jaurès seiunctionem liberalem suscepit, quae libertatem credendi servaret. Mense Aprili anni 1905 articulum quartum perferendum curavit, quo lex usu facilis et pacifica facta est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n19&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, tabula temporum (22 Aprilis 1905).&lt;/ref&gt; Camera legem die 3 Iulii probavit; senatus die 6 Decembris ultimam manum imposuit; lex die 9 Decembris 1905 publice promulgata est.

== L'Humanité et concordia socialistarum (1904–1905) ==
[[File:L'Humanité 18-04-1904.jpg|thumb|upright|Prima pagina primi numeri diurnorum ''L'Humanité'' (18 Aprilis 1904).]]

=== Nova acta diurna ===

Primus numerus diurnorum ''L'Humanité'' die 18 Aprilis 1904 prodiit, Ioanne Jaurès rectore. Nomen Lucianus Herr invenit. Amici et cives progressus socialis cupidi, in iis philosophus Lucianus Lévy-Bruhl, pecuniam primam contulerunt, circiter 850 000 francorum.&lt;ref name=&quot;n20&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014. De pecunia prima collata non omnia adhuc nota sunt.&lt;/ref&gt; In primo scripto, cui titulus &quot;Notre but&quot; (Propositum nostrum), Jaurès scripsit acta diurna liberis mentibus plenam et veram rerum notitiam datura esse, ut ipsae de mundo iudicarent. Titulum sic explicavit: humanitatem nondum esse, aut vix esse; socialistas autem laborare ut vera fieret.&lt;ref name=&quot;n21&quot;&gt;Jean Jaurès, &quot;Notre but&quot;, ''L'Humanité'', 18 Aprilis 1904.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iocabantur homines ea esse &quot;acta diurna septendecim doctorum&quot; (Francogallice ''agrégés''), quod tot scriptores eius viri doctissimi erant. Primus numerus 130 000 exemplis venditus est; deinde venditio valde cecidit. Ab anno 1907 res constitit, inter 60 000 et 70 000 exempla, et ante bellum rursus crevit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n22&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014 (130 000 exempla initio, minus quam 30 000 mense Octobri 1906, 60 000–70 000 ab anno 1907).&lt;/ref&gt; Jaurès fere cotidie usque ad mortem in iis scripsit.

=== Ab Amstelodamo ad aulam du Globe ===

Mense Augusto anni 1904 conventus Internationalis socialistarum Amstelodami habitus est. Per horas Jaurès rationem Francicam defensionis republicanae defendit coram Augusto Bebel et Carolo Kautsky, principibus Germanis: rem publicam, a populo partam, servandam esse. Maior pars contra eum suffragata est.

Conventus decretum Dresdense accepit. Quo iterum vetitum est ne socialistae in talia ministeria intrarent, et socialistae Francici iussi sunt in unam factionem certaminis ordinum (id est pugnae apertae inter opifices et dominos) coniungi.&lt;ref name=&quot;n23&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013; Rioux 2005.&lt;/ref&gt; Jaurès decreto paruit: concordia enim ei iam prima erat.

Ineunte anno 1905 a coniunctione sinistrarum discessit. Veteres amici eius, Millerand, Briand, Viviani, qui rebus paulatim emendandis studebant, disciplinam novae factionis recusaverunt et extra manserunt. Legati factionum aemularum Lutetiae, in aula du Globe, inde a die 23 Aprilis 1905 convenerunt et Factionem socialistam, Sectionem Francicam Internationalis opificum (SFIO), condiderunt, die 25 Aprilis proclamatam.&lt;ref name=&quot;n24&quot;&gt;Scot 2014; Rioux 2005; Duclert 2013. Fontes de diebus conventus paulum inter se differunt.&lt;/ref&gt;

Jaurès obtinuit ut sodalicia localia factionis (foederationes) libera essent et administratio media parva. Primo severissimi eum a principatu arcuerunt: eorum diurna, ''Le Socialiste'', acta publica factionis facta sunt, non ''L'Humanité''. Quod non diu mansit.

Orationibus, actis diurnis, opera in conventibus Jaurès sensim verus princeps factionis unitae factus est. Conventus Tolosanus anni 1908 id confirmavit: magna eius oratio de rebus emendandis et de rerum conversione paene omnes socios ei conciliavit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n25&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005 (&quot;Éloge de la réforme&quot;); Duclert 2013, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

Hi anni etiam asperas pugnas privatas attulerunt. Mense Decembri anni 1904, post iurgium cum Paulo Déroulède, nationis cultore, Jaurès cum eo prope fines [[Hispania|Hispanicos]] certamen singulare iniit; glandibus emissis neuter ictus est.

Ineunte anno 1905 in ''L'Humanité'' causam primae rerum conversionis Russicae egit. Mense Maio anni 1905 cum Gustavo Hervé de socialista et patria disputavit. Mense Iulio Bülow, cancellarius Germanicus, orationem quam Berolini habiturus erat vetuit; textus, de amicitia populorum, eodem die in ''L'Humanité'' et in diurnis socialistarum Germanorum ''Vorwärts'' prodiit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n26&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, tabula temporum; Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Princeps socialistarum (1906–1911) ==

Mense Maio anni 1906 Jaurès sedem suam apud Carmaux paucis suffragiis superans retinuit. SFIO iam 51 deputatos habebat. Mense Iunio anni 1906 in curia cum [[Georgius Clemenceau|Georgio Clemenceau]] de factione radicali et de socialismo clare disputavit. Jaurès dixit rem publicam tum demum perfectam fore, cum libertas et aequalitas etiam in re oeconomica regnarent.

Mense Octobri anni 1906 CGT, summa collegiorum opificum societas, se ab omnibus factionibus liberam esse declaravit (charta Ambianensi). Jaurès reverentiam et colloquium elegit, non imperium. SFIO hanc libertatem conventu Lemovicensi accepit, et ''L'Humanité'' collegiis proprium in diurnis locum dedit.

In contentionibus socialibus horum annorum Jaurès semper cum opificibus stetit. Vinitorum meridianorum seditionem anno 1907 adiuvit. Questus est de vi mortifera, qua anno 1908 apud Draveil et Villeneuve-Saint-Georges in cessantes usi erant, et de ducibus CGT comprehensis.

Ministerium Briand accusavit, quod cessationem ferriviariam anni 1910 fregisset. Eodem anno, Guesde repugnante, factioni suae persuasit ut novam legem de annuis opificum et agricolarum sustineret.&lt;ref name=&quot;n27&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, tabula temporum (conventus Nemausensis, Februario 1910).&lt;/ref&gt; Ratio eius eadem mansit: res veras nunc emendare, neque tamen plenam societatis mutationem deserere.

Quaestiones de coloniis maiorem in dies locum in orationibus eius habebant. Iuvenis opinionem vulgarem de &quot;munere humanitatis afferendae&quot; Francico acceperat; postea inter acerrimos expugnationis colonialis castigatores fuit. Anno 1908 caedes ab exercitu Francico in [[Marocum|Maroco]] factas denuntiavit, et deputati irati eum loqui paene prohibuerunt. Societates accusavit quae ingentes agros in Africa acceperant aut metalla Algeriana tenebant. Mense Iunio anni 1912 contra foedus pugnavit quo Marocum civitas Franciae subiecta (quod ''protectorat'' dicitur) facta est.

Ei dominatio colonialis et populis subiectis iniusta et paci Europaeae periculosa erat. Sed castigatio eius intra opiniones sui temporis mansit: vias expugnationis oppugnabat, non ipsum principium praesentiae Francicae transmarinae. Itaque historici eum verbo posteriore &quot;anticolonialem&quot; non vocant.

Anno 1910 ampla parte suffragiorum reelectus est, et SFIO ad 76 deputatos crevit.

Intra factionem Jaurès nullum munus publicum gerebat, sed inter varias eius partes conciliator indefessus erat. Anno 1911 diurna novam formam acceperunt: factio, collegia, societates cooperativae in consilium eorum intraverunt, Jaurès rector politicus mansit. Factus erat, ut ait historicus Ioannes Petrus Rioux, dux socialismi Francici non nominatus sed ab omnibus agnitus.&lt;ref name=&quot;n28&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, capitulum &quot;L'homme-orchestre&quot;; de nova forma anni 1911, Candar et Duclert 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; A mense Iulio ad Octobrem anni 1911 iter orationum habendarum causa in [[Brasilia]]m, [[Uraquaria]]m, [[Argentina]]m fecit: quod signum erat eum iam longe extra Europam audiri.

== Vita privata ==

Qui Jaurès noverant, hominem simplicem describunt, vestis neglegentem, brevem et obesum. Vis eius in oratione et in memoria singulari posita erat. Multa legebat et modeste vivebat; maxima pars pecuniae e scriptis veniebat. Vita familiaris inter Lutetiam et villam Bessoulet, prope Albigam, divisa erat, ubi aestates agebat.

Uxor Ludovica catholica religiosa mansit et liberos in fide sua educavit. Mense Iulio anni 1901 filia Magdalena primum ad sacram communionem accessit (sollemne catholicum magni momenti). Alii socialistae Jaurès ob eam rem acriter oppugnaverunt. Respondit libertatem credendi domi suae incipere: se sententias suas familiae non impositurum esse, sicut alii fidem suam imponerent.

Ipse religionem catholicam pueritiae reliquerat, sed de religione ut philosophus cogitare perseveravit. Tristia postremos annos signaverunt: mors matris anno 1906 et nepos gravi corporis vitio natus. Plures vitae eius scriptores notant sub publica eius spe partem quandam maestitiae latuisse.&lt;ref name=&quot;n29&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, de &quot;secreta maestitia&quot; horum annorum.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Contra bellum (1905–1914) ==
[[File:25-5-13, manifestation du Pré-Saint-Gervais contre les trois ans, discours de Mr Jaurès - btv1b69253126.jpg|thumb|Jaurès contra legem militiae trium annorum loquitur apud Le Pré-Saint-Gervais, prope Lutetiam, die 25 Maii 1913.]]

=== L'Armée nouvelle (Novus exercitus) ===

Anno 1905 imperator Germanorum Tingim profectus primum discrimen Marocanum inter Franciam et Germaniam aperuit. Ex eo tempore pax in medio actionis Ioannis Jaurès stetit. Non erat contra patriae defensionem: contra Gustavum Hervé, qui seditionem potius quam bellum postulabat, dixit opifices patriam habere et nationem, domum democratiae, defendi mereri. Sed solum bellum defensivum iustum esse.

Has sententias in librum contulit, ''L'Armée nouvelle'' (Novus exercitus). Eum mense Novembri anni 1910 ut rogationem legis proposuit, mense Aprili anni 1911 edidit. Exercitum civium proposuit, subsidiis nixum (id est militibus exercitatis qui solo bello revocantur), exemplo [[Helvetia]]e, cum brevi tirocinio, novo genere ducum, ratione defensiva. Frigide acceptus est, etiam a sinistris: CGT et Guesdiani librum nimis militarem iudicaverunt.&lt;ref name=&quot;n30&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, capitulum de ''L'Armée nouvelle''.&lt;/ref&gt;

Liber anno 1913 rursus utilis factus est, et bellum mundanum postea plura eius vera fuisse probavit, exempli gratia de bello longo et de pretio militum subsidiariorum.

=== A Basilea ad legem trium annorum ===

In Internationali socialistarum Jaurès laborabat ut verba in firma promissa verterentur. In conventu Stutgardiensi anni 1907 ipse et Eduardus Vaillant effecerunt ut conventus opifices omnium terrarum rogaret ut omnibus viis bellum prohiberent.

Mense Novembri anni 1912, dum bellum in Balcania ardet, conventus extraordinarius Basileae, in Helvetia, habitus est. Ecclesia protestantium aedem suam cathedralem praebuit. E suggestu eius Jaurès claram pro pace adhortationem habuit, e carmine [[Fridericus Schiller|Friderici Schiller]] de campana sumptam.&lt;ref name=&quot;n31&quot;&gt;Scot 2014, qui adhortationem e ''Cantu campanae'' sumptam refert; Candar et Duclert 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Sed conventus nullam certam communem actionem decrevit, et Jaurès de factione Germanica magis magisque sollicitus erat.

In Francia annus 1913 certamine contra novam legem militarem impletus est. Regimen militiam a duobus annis ad tres producere volebat, quia Germania exercitum suum valde augebat. Jaurès in ea lege onus grave et inutile videbat, quod veram exercitus emendationem vitaret.

Respondit consilio libri ''L'Armée nouvelle'', iterum iterumque in curia dixit, contiones per totam terram habuit. Die 25 Maii 1913, apud Le Pré-Saint-Gervais prope Lutetiam, coram circiter 150 000 hominibus locutus est. Libellus publicus 700 000 subscriptiones collegit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n32&quot;&gt;Scot 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Lex tamen die 19 Iulii 1913 lata est.

Diurna nationis cultorum iam summa violentia Jaurès oppugnabant: Germaniae fautorem et proditorem vocabant. Mense Aprili anni 1914 electores responderunt: Jaurès plus quam 58 centesimis suffragiorum reelectus est, et SFIO plus quam centum sedes vicit, quod numquam antea acciderat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n33&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum (58 centesimae suffragiorum; 102 deputati SFIO e 601 sedibus).&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mensis Iulius anni 1914 ===

Die 28 Iunii 1914 heres imperii [[Austrohungaria|Austrohungarici]] [[Seraium|Seraii]] occisus est. Jaurès discrimen Europaeum ingravescens observabat. Medio mense Iulio conventus SFIO consilium eius probavit: communem omnium terrarum operis cessationem, quae regimina cogeret controversiam arbitris permittere.

Die 25 Iulii, apud Vaise prope [[Lugdunum]], ubi candidatum Marium Moutet adiuvabat, exposuit omnes magnas civitates partem culpae habere; Europam in extremo discriminis margine stare monuit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n34&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014; Lalouette 2014 (de textu orationis apud Vaise).&lt;/ref&gt; Diebus 29 et 30 Iulii [[Bruxellae|Bruxellis]] fuit, ad conventum urgentem officii Internationalis socialistarum.

Bruxellis, vespere diei 29 Iulii, in Circo regio coram milibus hominum locutus est. Hugo Haase, socialista Germanus, ante eum contra consilia Austriae dixerat. Jaurès orationem habuit quam multi testes postea magno animi motu rettulerunt. Cum principes communes litteras subscripsissent, Haase Jaurès amplexus est. Ultima imago concordiae Internationalis fuit: proximus enim eius conventus, Vindobona Lutetiam in diem 9 Augusti translatus, numquam habitus est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n35&quot;&gt;Jean Stengers, &quot;Le dernier discours de Jaurès&quot;, apud Candar et Duclert 2014, capitulum I.&lt;/ref&gt;

Lutetiam reversus, die 31 Iulii, Jaurès parvam socialistarum legationem ad ministerium rerum exterarum duxit. Abel Ferry, ministri vicarius, eos accepit. Jaurès institit ut regimen omnia pro pace conservanda faceret.&lt;ref name=&quot;n36&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, e testimonio Abel Ferry.&lt;/ref&gt; In posterum diem magnum commentarium de culpis discriminis parabat. Eo ipso mane ''L'Humanité'' ultimum eius scriptum ediderat, &quot;Sang-froid nécessaire&quot; (De animi tranquillitate necessaria).

== Caedes (die 31 Iulii 1914) ==
[[File:L'Humanité 1914-08-01 (Jaurès assassiné).jpg|thumb|upright|Prima pagina diurnorum ''L'Humanité'' diei 1 Augusti 1914 caedem Ioannis Jaurès nuntiat.]]

Per menses pars diurnorum nationis cultorum Jaurès summa violentia digito monstrabat, paene mortem eius poscens. In febri ultimorum dierum mensis Iulii anni 1914 unus homo his vocibus respondit.

Die 31 Iulii 1914, paulo ante horam decimam vesperi, Jaurès cum collegis in caupona Café du Croissant, in via Montmartre, prope diurna sua, cenabat. Tergum ad fenestram apertam vertebat; solum velum eum a via separabat. Duae glandes e proximo in eum emissae sunt; altera caput percussit. Intra momenta mortuus est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n37&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitulum I; Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

Interfector statim comprehensus est. Nomen ei erat Radulfus Villain, nationis cultor duodetriginta annorum, sodalis Ligae iuvenum amicorum Alsatiae et Lotharingiae et diurnorum nationi deditorum lector. Quorum certamina eum docuerant Jaurès proditorem putare, qui Franciam Germaniae traditurus esset. Apud custodes publicos factum suum explicavit pugna Ioannis Jaurès contra legem trium annorum.

Quaestio postea consilium ostendit: Villain pridie alterum telum emerat, ad aedes diurnorum ''L'Humanité'' Jaurès quaesiverat, cauponam iam vespere diei 30 Iulii observaverat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n38&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitulum II. Villain apud custodes publicos se professus est duodetriginta annorum esse, natum die 19 Septembris 1885 Remis.&lt;/ref&gt;

Nuntius totam nationem vehementissime movit. Regimen tumultus timebat paulo ante omnium militum convocationem; itaque mortuum honoravit.

Societates opificum praecipuam suam pro pace vocem amiserant; bellum prohibere non potuerunt. Mirum dictu, mors eius etiam concordiam nationalem mensis Augusti anni 1914 adiuvit, quam Franci ''union sacrée'' vocaverunt, quamquam Jaurès pro pace pugnaverat. Francia die 1 Augusti milites convocavit; Germania die 3 Augusti bellum indixit.

Die 4 Augusti, in exsequiis Lutetiae, Vaillant, Jouhaux collegiorum dux, Viviani primus minister locuti sunt. In curia praeses eius [[Paulus Deschanel]] Jaurès martyrem sententiarum suarum vocavit (id est hominem qui pro fide sua mortuus est), et omnes deputati surrexerunt. Die 5 Augusti Albigae sepultus est.

Iudicium Radulfi Villain per totum bellum dilatum est. Mense Martio anni 1919 coram iudicibus Sequanae apertum est. Advocati eius dixerunt Villain mente instabilem esse. Quaedam numquam explicata sunt, exempli gratia unde pecuniam habuisset. Die 29 Martii 1919 iurati eum absolverunt. Suffragium iuratorum secretum est; diurna rettulerunt unum tantum iuratum contra dixisse.&lt;ref name=&quot;n39&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitula III et IV. Suffragium iuratorum secretum est; de uno iurato dissentiente diurna testantur.&lt;/ref&gt;

Vidua Ioannis Jaurès etiam impensas iudicii solvere debuit. Sententia indignationem longe ultra sinistras movit: die 6 Aprilis 1919 ingens pompa per Lutetiam transiit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n40&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitulum IV.&lt;/ref&gt;

Villain postea in [[Hispania]] vixit, in insula Ebuso. Milites militiae republicanae (manus armatae) eum ibi anno 1936, ineunte [[Bellum civile Hispanicum|bello civili Hispanico]], interfecerunt.&lt;ref name=&quot;n41&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitulum IV.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Memoria ==
[[File:15-3-25, Castres, inauguration du monument Jaurès - btv1b53143825v.jpg|thumb|Monumentum Ioannis Jaurès [[Castres|Castris]] dedicatur, die 15 Martii 1925.]]

Jaurès paene statim fama paene fabulosa circumdatus est. Die 23 Novembris 1924, regimine sinistro, corpus eius in [[Pantheon Parisiense]] translatum est. Duae pompae funebres id secutae sunt, altera publica, altera communistarum. Hereditas enim Ioannis Jaurès iam praemium facta erat certaminis inter socialistas et communistas, duas factiones e scissura anni 1920 natas.&lt;ref name=&quot;n42&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum; Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

''L'Humanité'', iam acta factionis communistarum, et SFIO [[Leo Blum|Leonis Blum]] ambae se certamen eius continuare dicebant. Quarto decennio saeculi vicesimi etiam &quot;neosocialistae&quot; Marcelli Déat nomen eius sibi sumpserunt, antequam ad societatem cum Nazistis declinaverunt; Blum memoriam conditoris defendere debuit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n43&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, capitulum &quot;Entre 'néosocialisme' et 'révolution intégrale'&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Anno 1936 Frons Popularis victoriam suam nomine eius celebravit.

Monumenta mature venerunt. Societas amicorum Ioannis Jaurès anno 1916 orta est; prima monumenta publica anno 1921 surrexerunt. Carmaux monumentum suum anno 1923 dedicavit, adstante scriptore [[Anatolius France|Anatolio France]]; Castres anno 1925, Tolosa anno 1929 secutae sunt.

Anno 1992 Fundatio Ioannis Jaurès condita est, Petro Mauroy praeside. Die 21 Maii 1981, quo die munus iniit, praeses [[Franciscus Mitterrand]] rosam in sepulcro Ioannis Jaurès in Pantheo posuit. Milia viarum, arearum, scholarum, stationum ferriviae subterraneae nomen eius gerunt. Hodie viri publici fere omnium factionum Jaurès sibi vindicant, interdum modis a veris eius sententiis remotis, quos historici corrigunt.

Studia docta de Ioanne Jaurès circa Societatem studiorum Iauresianorum ordinata sunt, anno 1959 conditam, centum annis post diem natalem eius. Primus eam rexit Ernestus Labrousse, deinde Magdalena Rebérioux ab anno 1982 ad annum 2005.

Sedes nationalis et museum Ioannis Jaurès Castris anno 1988 aperta sunt. Ab anno 2000 editor Fayard editionem doctam et integram operum eius imprimit. Anni 2009 (centum quinquaginta post natalem) et 2014 (centum post mortem) multas memoriae sollemnitates novaque studia attulerunt.&lt;ref name=&quot;n44&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Doctrina et opera ==

=== Philosophus ===

Jaurès semper synthesin quaerebat, id est coniunctionem sententiarum quae contrariae videntur. Ei philosophia et actio numquam seiunctae erant. Dissertatio eius mundum unum totum vivumque describit: mundus non est sola materia mortua; cogitatio humana pars est vitae mundi eiusque motum continuat.

Hinc altissima eius fides: iustitiae propositum non est somnium mundo extrinsecus impositum, sed vis quae iam intus in eo operatur. Itaque sententiae et vires oeconomicae historiae inter se pugnare non debent.

=== Socialismus rei publicae ===

A [[Carolus Marx|Marx]], quem diligenter legerat, Jaurès rationem certaminis ordinum et pondus rei oeconomicae accepit. Sed rem oeconomicam solam causam historiae facere noluit. In disputatione anni 1895 cum Lafargue demonstravit sententias morales, e philosophis saeculi duodevicesimi et Rebus Novis Francicis natas, propriam in historia vim habere.&lt;ref name=&quot;n45&quot;&gt;Jean Jaurès et Paul Lafargue, &quot;Idéalisme et matérialisme dans la conception de l'histoire&quot;, disputatio publica, 1895; Duclert 2013, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ei socialismus rem publicam perficit: potestatem civis ad rem oeconomicam extendit, per communem possessionem magnorum efficiendi instrumentorum, ut officinarum, metallorum, ferriviarum. Viae ad hoc propositum nomen Francogallicum dedit: ''évolution révolutionnaire'' (progressio quae res convertit). Id est: maiores partes liberis comitiis parare, emendationes alias post alias obtinere, opifices ordinare, non vi potestatem capere.&lt;ref name=&quot;n46&quot;&gt;De hac via vide Scot 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ita reformator singularis generis erat, qui propositum societatis funditus mutandae numquam deposuit. Socialistae qui Marx strictius sequebantur dicebant eum sententiis nimis credere; collegiorum duces revolutionarii eum curiae nimis credere. Attamen decem postremis annis dux socialismi Francici maxime auditus erat et inter magnas voces Internationalis numerabatur.

=== De civitate et religione seiungendis ===

Seiunctio civitatis et ecclesiarum (Francogallice ''laïcité'') in medio actionis eius stetit. Ea est regula qua civitas et ecclesiae separatae esse debent. Filius scholae republicanae et constans magistrorum amicus, Jaurès eam praesidium libertatis putabat, non telum contra religionem. Hinc explicatur cur seiunctionem liberalem anno 1905 adiuverit et magnam orationem pro schola laica mense Ianuario anni 1910 habuerit.

Fidem pueritiae reliquerat, sed de religione ut philosophus cogitare non desiit. Longum scriptum de religione et socialismo, vivo eo non editum, hanc perpetuam quaestionem ostendit: socialismum, ut putabat, necessitatibus animi humani alio modo respondere debere quam ecclesiae responderent.&lt;ref name=&quot;n47&quot;&gt;&quot;Pour la laïque&quot;, oratio in curia, Ianuario 1910; Jean Jaurès, ''La Question religieuse et le socialisme'', ed. Michel Launay, Paris, Les Éditions de Minuit, 1959.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Patria, Internationalis, coloniae ===

Erant qui dicerent aut patriam aut Internationalem eligendam esse. Jaurès respondit ambas simul stare. Natio est domus historica, in qua opifices iura sua vincunt; Internationalis est instrumentum quod nationes a bello prohibere debet. Liber ''L'Armée nouvelle'' id clara sententia dicit: paulum studii rerum omnium gentium a patria abducere, multum ad eam reducere; paulum amoris patriae ab Internationali abducere, multum ad eam reducere.&lt;ref name=&quot;n48&quot;&gt;Jean Jaurès, ''L'Armée nouvelle'', Paris, Jules Rouff, 1911.&lt;/ref&gt;

Sententia eius de coloniis eandem contentionem ostendit: bonis omnium hominum communibus credebat, sed imperium vi in alios populos impositum castigabat. Initio communem opinionem de munere humanitatis afferendae acceperat; postremo acer castigator fuit violentiae expugnationis, cupiditatis lucri celeris, periculorum belli inter potentes civitates. Sed ipsam coloniarum rationem ut principium numquam reiecit.

=== Rerum scriptor ===

Opus eius historicum quoque grave fuit. Librum ''Histoire socialiste de la Révolution française'' maxime inter annos 1898 et 1903 scripsit, post longos in tabulariis labores. Propositum novum erat: Res Novas per vitam oeconomicam et socialem narrare, populo quasi actori vocem dare, primas spes aequalitatis bonorum metiri. Verbum ''socialiste'' in titulo multos doctos offendit; etiam Alphonsus Aulard, primus professor historiae Rerum Novarum, id reprehendit.

Posteriores historici aliter iudicaverunt. Albertus Mathiez, deinde Albertus Soboul opus iterum ediderunt. Hodie liber fundamentum historiae socialis Rerum Novarum Francicarum habetur. Anno 1903, Ioanne Jaurès auctore, curia etiam consilium publicum creavit, quod documenta oeconomica Rerum Novarum ederet; quod per multa decennia laboravit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n49&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, qui castigationem Alphonsi Aulard (1902) refert et analysin Monae Ozouf de verbo ''socialiste''.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Orator et scriptor diurnorum ===

In memoria Francorum Jaurès proprium locum inter magnos oratores Tertiae Rei Publicae tenet. Vocem validam et doctrinam amplissimam habebat, sine commentariis adhibitam. Omnem disputationem ad principia generalia tollere poterat. Testes etiam dicebant eum singulas causas exactissime nosse: orationes igitur eius tam argumenta erant quam verba pulchra.

Ut scriptor diurnorum per triginta fere annos paene cotidie scripsit, in ''La Dépêche'', in ''La Petite République'', in ''L'Humanité''. Haec aliquot milia commentariorum inter maximas sui temporis scriptionum diurnarum collectiones numerantur.

== Tabula temporum ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Dies !! Res gesta
|-
| 3 Septembris 1859 || Castris (Tarnis) natus.
|-
| 1878 || Primus examen Scholae Normalis Superioris superavit.
|-
| 1881 || ''Agrégation'' philosophiae adeptus; magister lycei Albigensis.
|-
| 4 Octobris 1885 || Deputatus Tarnis creatus, minimus natu Franciae, inter republicanos.
|-
| 29 Iunii 1886 || Ludovicam Bois uxorem duxit.
|-
| Mense Septembri 1889 || Comitiis victus; ad Universitatem Tolosanam rediit.
|-
| 1892 || Doctor philosophiae; cessatio metallicorum apud Carmaux (Augusto–Novembri).
|-
| Mense Ianuario 1893 || Deputatus socialista Carmausinus comitiis extraordinariis creatus; mense Augusto reelectus.
|-
| 1895–1896 || Cessatio vitrariorum Carmausinorum; Officina vitraria opificum Albigae condita.
|-
| Mense Ianuario 1898 || In [[Alfredus Dreyfus|causam Dreyfusianam]] post &quot;J'accuse…!&quot; Aemilii Zolae ingressus.
|-
| 8 Maii 1898 || Sedem Carmausinam marchioni de Solages amisit.
|-
| Aestate 1898 || ''Les Preuves'' in ''La Petite République'' edidit, deinde ut librum.
|-
| Mense Iunio 1899 || Ministerium defensionis republicanae Waldeck-Rousseau sustinuit.
|-
| Mense Novembri 1900 || Disputatio de &quot;duabus viis&quot; cum Iulio Guesde in urbe Lille.
|-
| 1901–1908 || ''Histoire socialiste'' (1789–1900) edita.
|-
| Mense Aprili 1902 || Apud Carmaux reelectus; columen coniunctionis sinistrarum (vicarius praeses Camerae anno 1903).
|-
| 30 Iulii 1903 || Oratio ad iuventutem, Albigae.
|-
| 18 Aprilis 1904 || Primus numerus diurnorum ''L'Humanité''; mense Augusto conventus internationalis Amstelodamensis.
|-
| Mense Aprili 1905 || Conventus aulae du Globe: SFIO nata.
|-
| 9 Decembris 1905 || Lex de ecclesiis et civitate seiungendis promulgata.
|-
| Mense Iunio 1906 || Magna disputatio cum Clemenceau de factione radicali et de socialismo.
|-
| 12 Iulii 1906 || Centurio Dreyfus a summo iudicio Franciae innocens declaratus.
|-
| Mense Octobri 1908 || Conventus Tolosanus SFIO: concordia confirmata.
|-
| 1910–1911 || Lex de annuis opificum lata; ''L'Armée nouvelle'' editus.
|-
| Iulio–Octobri 1911 || Iter orationum in Brasiliam, Uraquariam, Argentinam.
|-
| 24–25 Novembris 1912 || Oratio pro pace in conventu internationali Basileensi.
|-
| 25 Maii 1913 || Contio apud Le Pré-Saint-Gervais contra legem militiae trium annorum.
|-
| 26 Aprilis 1914 || Apud Carmaux reelectus; circiter centum deputati SFIO.
|-
| 31 Iulii 1914 || In caupona Café du Croissant Lutetiae a Radulfo Villain occisus.
|-
| 29 Martii 1919 || Radulfus Villain a iudicibus Sequanae absolutus.
|-
| 23 Novembris 1924 || Corpus Ioannis Jaurès in Pantheon translatum.
|-
| 14 Novembris 1959 || Societas studiorum Iauresianorum condita.
|}

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Opera selecta ==
* ''De primis [[Socialismus|socialismi]] germanici lineamentis apud [[Martinus Lutherus|Lutherum]], [[Immanuel Kantius|Kant]], [[Ioannes Fichte|Fichte]] et [[Hegel]]'' ([[dissertatio]] [[lingua Latina|Latina]]), [[1891]] 
* ''Discours parlementaires'', [[1904]]
* ''Histoire socialiste de la révolution française'', [[1908]]
* Jaurès (Jean), ''Œuvres'', Paris, Fayard, editio docta ab anno 2000 in cursu. (Opera collecta.)

== Bibliographia ==
* Candar (Gilles) et Duclert (Vincent), ''Jean Jaurès'', Paris, Fayard, 2014. (Praecipua vita docta.)
* Duclert (Vincent), ''Jaurès 1859-1914. La politique et la légende'', Paris, Autrement, 2013. (Breve studium de vita et fama.)
* Lalouette (Jacqueline), ''Jean Jaurès. L'assassinat, la gloire, le souvenir'', Paris, Perrin, 2014. (Liber de caede, de iudicio interfectoris, de memoria.)
* Rioux (Jean-Pierre), ''Jean Jaurès'', Paris, Perrin, 2005. (Vita brevis et perspicua.)
* Scot (Jean-Paul), ''Jaurès et le réformisme révolutionnaire'', Paris, Seuil, 2014. (Studium de sententiis politicis.)

== Nexus externi ==
* ''[[s:De_primis_socialismi_germanici_lineamentis_apud_Lutherum,_Kant,_Fichte,_Hegel|De primis socialismi germanici lineamentis apud Lutherum, Kant, Fichte et Hegel]]'' dissertatio apud [[Vicifons|Vicifontem]] legi potest.

{{Lifetime|1859|1914|Jaures, Ioannes}}
[[Categoria:Auctores Latini recentiores]]
[[Categoria:Diurnarii Franciae]]
[[Categoria:Editores]]
[[Categoria:Historici Franciae]]
[[Categoria:Necati]]
[[Categoria:Politici Franciae]]
[[Categoria:Socialistae Franciae]]
[[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]]
[[Categoria:Nati 1859]]
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[[Fasciculus:Jean jaures.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|Ioannes Jaurès.]]
'''Ioannes Jaurès''' (natus ''Auguste Marie Joseph Jean Léon Jaurès'' [[Castra Albigensium|Castris Albigensium]] die [[3 Septembris]] [[1859]]; mortuus [[Lutetia]]e die [[31 Iulii]] [[1914]]) fuit assecla [[socialismus|socialismi]] [[Francia|Francicus]].

Anno 1885, sex et viginti annos natus, in concilium legum ferendarum Franciae, quod Camera Deputatorum appellatur, ingressus est. Anno 1892 magna metallicorum operis cessatio in oppido [[Carmaux]] facta eum socialistam fecit. Anno 1898 contendit ut [[Alfredus Dreyfus]], centurio (Francogallice ''capitaine'') genere Iudaeus, qui proditionis (id est hostium adiuvandorum) accusatus erat, innocens esse demonstraretur. Anno 1904 acta diurna ''L'Humanité'' condidit. Anno 1905 socialistas Francicos in unam factionem, cui nomen SFIO, coniungendos curavit. Postremis annis contra periculum magni belli Europaei pugnavit. Iuvenis quidam Francicus, nationis amore incensus, eum Lutetiae die 31 Iulii 1914 interfecit, triduo antequam [[Germania]] Franciae bellum indixit.

Jaurès inter homines maxime honoratos historiae Francicae numeratur. Anno 1924 corpus eius in [[Pantheon Parisiense]] translatum est. Haec est clara aedes Lutetiae, ubi Francia viros feminasque summos honorat. Milia viarum, arearum, scholarum in Francia nomen eius gerunt.

Scripta quoque gravia reliquit. Praecipua sunt dissertatio philosophica ''De la réalité du monde sensible'' (typis edita anno 1891, defensa anno 1892); magna historia [[Res Novae Francicae|Rerum Novarum Francicarum]], cui titulus ''Histoire socialiste de la Révolution française'' (1901–1904); liber ''L'Armée nouvelle'' (1911). Praeterea aliquot milia commentariorum in actis diurnis scripsit.

== Pueritia et studia (1859–1881) ==

=== Pueritia in Tarne ===
Ioannes Jaurès natus est Castris, in parvo oppido [[Tarnis (praefectura Franciae)|Tarnis]], in Francia meridiana. Familia eius ordinis medii erat neque dives. Pater, Iulius Jaurès (1819–1882), in mercatura parum prosperatus, victum quaerebat e parvo fundo, cui nomen La Fédial, prope oppidum sito. Mater, Adelais Barbaza (1822–1906), femina catholica religiosissima, duos filios diligentissime educandos curabat. Minor filius, Ludovicus (1860–1937), postea praefectus classis (id est dux summus rerum navalium) et deputatus factus est.

Ioannes inter oppidum et agros crevit. Per totam vitam Franciam meridianam, linguam Occitanicam, mundum agricolarum penitus amavit. Eorum difficultatum numquam oblitus est, postquam in rem publicam ingressus est.

Anno 1869 Jaurès, stipendio adiutus (id est pecunia bono discipulo publice data), scholam Castrensem intravit. Discipulus clarissimi ingenii erat. Anno 1876 inspector scholarum, Felix Deltour, magnam eius indolem animadvertit puerumque Lutetiam misit, in scholam Sanctae Barbarae, ut se ad examen [[Schola Normalis Superior|Scholae Normalis Superioris]] pararet. Haec schola Francica celeberrima magistros et doctos format.

Eodem anno, sedecim annos natus, primam orationem publicam habuit, qua praefectum (summum regionis magistratum) salutavit. Anno 1878 primum praemium certaminis nationalis de optima oratione Francogallica reportavit; deinde primus omnium examen Scholae Normalis Superioris superavit. Philosophus [[Henricus Bergson]] eodem anno in eandem scholam receptus est.

=== Philosophiae studiosus ===
In Schola Normali Superiore Jaurès philosophiam elegit. Haec disciplina ei placebat, quia mundum totum intellegere conatur. Anno 1881 in publico illo doctorum certamine quod ''agrégation'' dicitur, examine difficillimo futurorum magistrorum, tertium locum obtinuit, post Paulum Lesbazeilles et Bergson.&lt;ref name=&quot;n1&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt; Res publica et scholae eius gratuitae hanc viam ei aperuerant. Quam ob rem rei publicae per totam vitam gratiam habuit. Ei enim res publica quasi promissio erat: scientiam pauperes liberare posse.

== Magister et iuvenis deputatus (1881–1889) ==

=== Philosophiae magister ===
Autumno anni 1881 Jaurès magister factus est in lyceo (schola secundaria) [[Albiga|Albigensi]]. Prope familiam manere voluit: pater enim graviter aegrotabat et mense Maio anni 1882 mortuus est. Docendo magnam famam adeptus est: sine commentariis loquebatur et discipulos quasi pares tractabat.

Ineunte anno 1883 in Universitate [[Tolosa]]na scholas habere coepit; primam ibi die 15 Ianuarii habuit. Exeunte eodem anno, rectore Perroud adiuvante, lector ibi factus est. Etiam in schola puellarum de moribus (id est de recto et pravo) docebat. His in scholis sensim suam de historia philosophiam aedificavit. Ioanni Jaurès philosophia et res publica inter se non pugnabant: altera alterius egebat.

=== Minimus natu deputatus Franciae ===

Republicani Tarnenses Jaurès rogaverunt ut comitiis anni 1885 candidatus esset. Die 4 Octobris paulo plus dimidia parte suffragiorum electus est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n2&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, tabula temporum (50,9 centesimae suffragiorum); Duclert 2013 (Jaurès, optime electus e quinque republicanis Tarnis, 48 040 suffragiis).&lt;/ref&gt; Sex et viginti annos natus minimus natu omnium deputatorum Franciae erat. Deputatus is appellatur qui in Camera Deputatorum, concilio legum ferendarum Francico, sedet. Cum republicanis moderatis sedit, non cum socialistis.

Mense Martio anni 1886, post metallicorum cessationem apud Decazeville, cum deputatis socialistis non suffragatus est. Sed inde ab initio quaestiones sociales tractavit. Anno 1886 legem proposuit de pecunia colligenda, qua opificibus aegris subveniretur et senectus eorum aleretur. Anno 1887 relationem scripsit de lege qua custodes salutis (opifices electi qui saluti sociorum invigilarent) in metallis creati sunt. Prima eius oratio, mense Octobri anni 1886 habita, de scholis erat.

Die 29 Iunii 1886 Jaurès Ludovicam Bois, filiam mercatoris Albigensis, in matrimonium duxit. Duos liberos habuerunt: Magdalenam (1889–1951) et Ludovicum (1898–1918). Ludovicus in [[Bellum Orbis Terrarum I|Bello Orbis Terrarum Primo]] occisus est, quattuor annis post patrem. Per uxorem Jaurès villa rustica Bessoulet, prope Albigam sita, uti poterat, ubi fere omnes aestates agebat.

Mense Ianuario anni 1887 primum commentarium scripsit in ''La Dépêche'', magnis actis diurnis republicanis Tolosanis. Ibi usque ad annum 1914 scripsit, plus mille omnino commentarios. His annis etiam contra Boulanger pugnavit, ducem militarem apud populum gratiosum, qui rei publicae periculosus erat.

Comitia mensis Septembris anni 1889 nova ratione habita sunt: in singulis parvis regionibus singuli deputati creabantur. Jaurès candidatus erat in prima regione Castrensi, ubi conservatores valebant. Eorum princeps erat baro Renatus Reille, caput familiae Reille-Solages, cuius erant metalla Carmausina. Jaurès in ipso oppido Castrensi maiorem partem suffragiorum tulit, sed in agris victus est. Conservator Leo Abrial eum vicit suffragiis 9 632 contra 8 776.&lt;ref name=&quot;n3&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, capitulum &quot;La défaite de Castres&quot;; Candar et Duclert 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iisdem comitiis baro Reille sedem suam retinuit, et gener eius, marchio de Solages, societatis metallorum rector, regionem Carmausinam vicit. Jaurès ad universitatem et ad philosophiam rediit.

== Quomodo socialista factus sit (1889–1893) ==
[[File:JauresACarmaux.jpg|thumb|Statua Ioannis Jaurès apud [[Carmaux]], anno 1923 dedicata.]]

=== Doctor philosophiae et magistratus urbanus ===
Tolosam reversus Jaurès duas dissertationes perfecit, quas ineunte anno 1892 defendit. Prior, cui titulus ''De la réalité du monde sensible'' (De veritate mundi sensibilis), docet mundum, qui circa nos est, verum esse et unum quoddam totum vivum efficere. Altera, Latine scripta, radices socialismi in philosophia Germanica quaerit, a [[Martinus Lutherus|Luthero]] usque ad [[Georgius Gulielmus Fridericus Hegel|Hegel]].&lt;ref name=&quot;n4&quot;&gt;''De la réalité du monde sensible'', Paris, Alcan, 1891; ''De primis socialismi germanici lineamentis apud Lutherum, Kant, Fichte et Hegel'', Toulouse, 1891.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ita Jaurès socialismum primum per philosophiam invenit. Postea certamina opificum eum acrem socialismi militem fecerunt.

Anno 1890 in concilium urbanum Tolosanum electus est et adiutor primi magistratus factus est scholis publicis praepositus. In commentariis suis in ''La Dépêche'' motum opificum crescentem observabat: cogitabat de primo die festo opificum (Kalendis Maiis instituto) deque militibus qui anno 1891 apud Fourmies in opifices ab opere cessantes tela coniecerunt.

Paulatim ad sententias socialistarum accessit. Lucianus Herr, bibliothecarius Scholae Normalis Superioris, eum in hanc viam duxit. Etiam cum Iulio Guesde, socialistarum principe, longos sermones habuit; quorum unus, Tolosae mense Martio anni 1892 habitus, clarus factus est. Sed historici docent mutationem eius lentam et gradatim factam esse, non unius noctis opus.&lt;ref name=&quot;n5&quot;&gt;Scot 2014. Auctor disputationem Tolosanam diei 27 Martii 1892 narrat, sed Carmaux verum &quot;laboratorium sociale&quot; mutationis fuisse ostendit.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Carmaux, ubi certamen sociale didicit ===
Oppidum metallicum Carmaux Jaurès et motum opificum coniunxit. Comitiis urbanis Kalendis Maiis anni 1892 habitis socialistae vicerunt. Die 15 Maii Ioannes Baptista Calvignac primus urbis magistratus (Francogallice ''maire'') factus est. Calvignac faber ferrarius societatis metallorum erat et scriba collegii metallicorum. Collegium opificum est sodalitas quae opifices defendit.

Societas ei otium ad munus magistratus obeundum dare noluit et die 2 Augusti eum ab opere dimisit. Metallicis hoc visum est suffragium universale violare, id est ius omnium virorum adultorum suffragii ferendi. Medio mense Augusto cessatio operis communis facta est; tres fere menses duravit. Qui rei publicae praeerant milites in oppidum miserunt.

In ''La Dépêche'' Jaurès partes metallicorum suscepit. Argumentum eius simplex et firmum erat: si opifex, qui mercede vivit, primus urbis magistratus esse non potest quin opus amittat, iura civis et condicio opificis inter se pugnant; quod si verum est, totus ordo societatis pravus est. Cessatio res totius nationis facta est.

Die 30 Octobris 1892 arbitri (iudices extra litem electi qui controversiam finirent) sententiam dixerunt. Calvignac opus suum recepit; plerique cessantes recepti sunt, paucis exceptis qui violentiae damnati erant. Medio mense Octobri marchio de Solages, auxilio politico privatus, munus deputati deposuerat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n6&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, capitulum VII; Scot 2014. Vide etiam commentarios Ioannis Jaurès &quot;Les incidents de Carmaux&quot;, ''La Dépêche'', 29 Augusti 1892, et &quot;La question de principe&quot;, ''La Dépêche'', 19 Septembris 1892.&lt;/ref&gt;

Mense Ianuario anni 1893 comitia extraordinaria uni sedi vacuae habita sunt. Post longas deliberationes socialistae Carmausini Jaurès candidatum elegerunt. Ille rationem factionis opificum Iulii Guesde accepit, quae agricolis utilia proponebat.

Altero suffragio vicit, fere 52 centesimis suffragiorum. Comitiis generalibus mensis Augusti anni 1893 primo statim suffragio reelectus est, 59,3 centesimis.&lt;ref name=&quot;n7&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, tabula temporum (52,1 centesimae mense Ianuario, 59,3 mense Augusto 1893); Scot 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Professor republicanus deputatus socialista metallicorum factus erat, atque etiam multorum agricolarum.

== Deputatus socialista (1893–1898) ==
Quinquaginta fere deputati socialistae anno 1893 in Cameram ingressi sunt. Jaurès celeriter inter oratores eius maxime auditos fuit. Libertates publicas (ut libertatem loquendi et libera acta diurna) defendit contra leges duras, quae post insidias anarchistarum machinis displosivis factas latae erant. Pro agricolis, magistris, opificibus dixit.

Anno 1895 cum Paulo Lafargue publice de historia disputavit: utrum sententiae historiam moveant an solae vires oeconomicae? Jaurès respondit: utraeque. Doctrinam [[Carolus Marx|Caroli Marx]] cum iustitiae studio, quod Res Novae Francicae attulerant, coniungere volebat.

Tarnis sedes eius propria mansit. Anno 1895 vitrarii Carmausini contra dominum suum, Eugenium Rességuier, ab opere cessaverunt, sed victi sunt. Jaurès novum remedium iis dedit: officinam quae ipsorum opificum esset (Francogallice ''coopérative''). Officina vitraria opificum Albigensis mense Octobri anni 1896 aperta est, donis ex tota Francia collatis aedificata. Signum motus cooperativi Francici facta est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n8&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005; Candar et Duclert 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

Eodem tempore potentes regionis oppidum socialistarum Carmaux oppugnabant. Iudices Calvignac magistratu moverunt eique iura politica in quinque annos ademerunt.

Jaurès etiam inter peritissimos rerum rusticarum numerabatur. Oratione mensis Iulii anni 1897 docuit socialismum non esse hostem parvi agricolae, sed praesidium eius contra feneratores et mercatores intermedios (qui inter agricolas et emptores stant). Haec agrorum cura partem felicium eius comitiorum explicat.

Die 15 Martii 1897, magna oratione de [[Imperium Ottomanicum|Imperio Ottomanico]] habita, caedes Armeniorum denuntiavit. Potentes civitates Europae, in iis Franciam, accusavit quod populos integros pecuniae causa et bonae inter civitates gratiae perire sinerent. Una e primis huius generis vocibus in curia Francica fuit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n9&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum (oratio diei 15 Martii 1897 de Imperio Ottomanico).&lt;/ref&gt;

== Causa Dreyfusiana (1897–1899) ==

=== A dubitatione ad certamen ===
Mense Decembri anni 1894 iudicium militare centurionem [[Alfredus Dreyfus|Alfredum Dreyfus]] proditionis damnavit. Jaurès primo, ut fere omnes, Dreyfus nocentem esse credidit; immo in curia questus est militem gregarium ob minus crimen morte multatum iri.

Mutatus est mense Ianuario anni 1898, postquam [[Aemilius Zola]] claram epistulam apertam &quot;J'accuse…!&quot; edidit. Tum Jaurès e rostris curiae iudicium contra leges factum anni 1894 denuntiavit. Die 22 Ianuarii deputatus regiis partibus deditus, comes de Bernis, eum de rostris descendentem pulsavit. Die 12 Februarii Jaurès testis fuit in iudicio Zolae; defensores Dreyfusi scientiam eius causae exactam laudaverunt.

Hoc certamine inter socialistas paene solus relictus est. Plerique enim, Guesde duce, causam rixam intra ordinem medium esse putabant. Litterae eorum publicae diei 24 Iulii 1898 dixerunt opifices in hac pugna nihil agendum habere.

Certamen ei etiam sedem abstulit. Die 8 Maii 1898 omnes inimici eius post marchionem de Solages se coniunxerunt. Jaurès apud Carmaux cum 45 centesimis suffragiorum victus est, quamquam socialistae in tota natione crescebant.&lt;ref name=&quot;n10&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013 (5 515 suffragia contra 6 702 marchionis de Solages).&lt;/ref&gt; Mense Iulio etiam universitas Lutetiae scholam ei negavit. Sedem, spem cathedrae professoris, magnam partem auxilii suorum amiserat; stilus et vox solae manebant.

=== Les Preuves (Argumenta) ===

Jaurès redactor et alter rector factus est diurnorum ''La Petite République'', primorum socialistarum Lutetiae. Die 7 Iulii 1898 novus minister belli, Cavaignac, litteras in curia recitavit, quas culpam Dreyfusi probare dixit. Amici Dreyfusi se victos esse senserunt.

Jaurès autem occasionem vidit: litterae enim falsae erant, et causa nunc coram tota natione iterum aperta. [[Leo Blum]] postea factum eius cum illo Zolae &quot;J'accuse…!&quot; comparavit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n11&quot;&gt;Léon Blum, ''Souvenirs sur l'Affaire'', apud Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

Aestatem operi dedit. Inde a die 10 Augusti 1898 ''La Petite République'' studium eius edidit, postea librum factum: ''Les Preuves'' (Argumenta). Tria demonstravit: iudicium anni 1894 contra leges factum esse, quia litterae secretae solis iudicibus monstratae erant; indicem illum scriptum (Francogallice ''bordereau''), unde tota causa orta erat, ab alio duce militari, Esterhazy, confectum esse; litteras a Cavaignac recitatas falsas esse.

Res ipsae eum verum dixisse celerrime probaverunt. Die 30 Augusti Henry, dux militaris, confessus est se praecipuas litteras finxisse; postero die mortem sibi conscivit. Die 26 Septembris qui rei publicae praeerant summum iudicium rogaverunt ut iudicium anni 1894 retractaretur.&lt;ref name=&quot;n12&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005; Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ioanni Jaurès unum hominem innocentem defendere officium socialistae erat. Socialismus enim pro genere humano pugnat; oculos avertere non potest, ubi genus humanum in uno homine opprimitur. Iustitia et ius non sunt bona &quot;ordinis medii&quot;: imprimis infirmos protegunt.

Anno 1899 alterum iudicium Dreyfusi, in urbe Rennes habitum, pro actis suis diurnis spectavit. Iudices innocentem iterum damnaverunt, et praeses rei publicae ei veniam dedit. Jaurès non destitit: cum familia Dreyfusi laboravit, donec die 12 Iulii 1906 ille in integrum restitutus est, id est innocentia eius publice declarata. Magna eius oratio mensis Aprilis anni 1903 in curia habita hunc ultimum gradum incohaverat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n13&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Rem publicam defendit (1899–1904) ==

=== Quaestio Millerandiana ===
Mense Iunio anni 1899, cum discrimen a nationis cultoribus motum maxime urgeret, Waldeck-Rousseau ministerium &quot;defensionis republicanae&quot; composuit, cuius propositum erat rem publicam ab inimicis tueri. Socialista, [[Alexander Millerand]], in eo minister factus est, iuxta Galliffet ducem, veterem opificum inimicum. Tum primum socialista in ministerium &quot;ordinis medii&quot; intravit. Socialistae de ea re vehementer dissenserunt.

Jaurès consilium defendit: cum res publica in periculo est, opifices eam servare debent, quia res publica omni futuro progressui viam aperit. Mense Decembri anni 1899 conventus generalis omnium socialistarum Lutetiae, in aula Japy, habitus est. Duo decreta inter se contraria probavit: alterum vetabat ne socialista umquam in ministerium huius generis intraret; alterum id certis condicionibus, factione moderante, permittebat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n14&quot;&gt;Scot 2014. Decretum Guesdianum 818 suffragiis contra 634 latum est; decretum commissionis 1 140 contra 240.&lt;/ref&gt;

Mense Novembri anni 1900, in urbe Lille, Jaurès et Guesde de &quot;duabus viis&quot; coram milibus sociorum disputaverunt: utrum res singulae paulatim emendandae essent, an rerum omnium conversio sola exspectanda. Secessio secuta est: Guesde cum suis unam factionem (1901), Jaurès cum amicis alteram (1902) condidit.

Ioanni Jaurès exitus periculum susceptum probavit. Millerand minister diem operis breviorem fecit, concilio operum delegatos opificum admisit, annua opificibus senibus danda paravit. Waldeck-Rousseau dominos officinarum apud Le Creusot, magna operis cessatione facta, ad colloquium adegit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n15&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt; Ante omnia res publica ab impetu nationis cultorum servata est.

=== In coniunctione sinistrarum ===

Mense Aprili anni 1902 apud Carmaux reelectus, Jaurès columen factus est maioris partis sinistrae, quae ministerium Aemilii Combes sustinebat. Mense Ianuario anni 1903 deputati eum vicarium praesidem Camerae elegerunt. Ingenium suum dedit scholae laicae (id est scholae publicae a religione liberae) et ordinibus religiosis (sodaliciis monachorum et monacharum) sub leges redigendis.

Die 30 Iulii 1903, in sollemnibus praemiorum lycei Albigensis, &quot;Orationem ad iuventutem&quot; habuit, in qua haec verba clarissima leguntur: fortitudinem esse verum quaerere et verum dicere.&lt;ref name=&quot;n16&quot;&gt;Jean Jaurès, &quot;Discours à la jeunesse&quot;, in sollemnibus praemiorum lycei Albigensis, 30 Iulii 1903.&lt;/ref&gt;

Hi anni etiam scribendi fuerunt. Operi ''Histoire socialiste (1789–1900)'' praefuit, historiae a multis auctoribus scriptae, tredecim voluminum (1901–1908). Ipse volumina de Rebus Novis Francicis, narrationem belli annorum 1870–1871, conclusionem scripsit. Liber longis studiis in tabulariis factis nitebatur; Res Novas per vitam oeconomicam et socialem narravit et plebi vocem dedit. Diu apud historicos valuit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n17&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005. Opus iterum ediderunt Albert Mathiez (1922–1924), deinde Albert Soboul (Éditions sociales, 1968–1973).&lt;/ref&gt;

Jaurès primas partes egit in via ad ecclesias et civitatem seiungendas. Mense Maio anni 1904 ''L'Humanité'', nova eius acta diurna, litteras secretas ediderunt, quibus Pontifex Maximus apud regimina Europaea questus erat de itinere praesidis Loubet Romam facto. Hoc scandalo necessitudines inter Franciam et Sedem Apostolicam ruptae sunt;&lt;ref name=&quot;n18&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014. Albertus I, princeps Monoeci, litteras diurnis dedit.&lt;/ref&gt; seiunctio certa facta est.

Cum [[Aristides Briand|Aristide Briand]] Jaurès seiunctionem liberalem suscepit, quae libertatem credendi servaret. Mense Aprili anni 1905 articulum quartum perferendum curavit, quo lex usu facilis et pacifica facta est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n19&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, tabula temporum (22 Aprilis 1905).&lt;/ref&gt; Camera legem die 3 Iulii probavit; senatus die 6 Decembris ultimam manum imposuit; lex die 9 Decembris 1905 publice promulgata est.

== L'Humanité et concordia socialistarum (1904–1905) ==
[[File:L'Humanité 18-04-1904.jpg|thumb|upright|Prima pagina primi numeri diurnorum ''L'Humanité'' (18 Aprilis 1904).]]

=== Nova acta diurna ===
Primus numerus diurnorum ''L'Humanité'' die 18 Aprilis 1904 prodiit, Ioanne Jaurès rectore. Nomen Lucianus Herr invenit. Amici et cives progressus socialis cupidi, in iis philosophus Lucianus Lévy-Bruhl, pecuniam primam contulerunt, circiter 850 000 francorum.&lt;ref name=&quot;n20&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014. De pecunia prima collata non omnia adhuc nota sunt.&lt;/ref&gt; In primo scripto, cui titulus &quot;Notre but&quot; (Propositum nostrum), Jaurès scripsit acta diurna liberis mentibus plenam et veram rerum notitiam datura esse, ut ipsae de mundo iudicarent. Titulum sic explicavit: humanitatem nondum esse, aut vix esse; socialistas autem laborare ut vera fieret.&lt;ref name=&quot;n21&quot;&gt;Jean Jaurès, &quot;Notre but&quot;, ''L'Humanité'', 18 Aprilis 1904.&lt;/ref&gt;

Iocabantur homines ea esse &quot;acta diurna septendecim doctorum&quot; (Francogallice ''agrégés''), quod tot scriptores eius viri doctissimi erant. Primus numerus 130 000 exemplis venditus est; deinde venditio valde cecidit. Ab anno 1907 res constitit, inter 60 000 et 70 000 exempla, et ante bellum rursus crevit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n22&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014 (130 000 exempla initio, minus quam 30 000 mense Octobri 1906, 60 000–70 000 ab anno 1907).&lt;/ref&gt; Jaurès fere cotidie usque ad mortem in iis scripsit.

=== Ab Amstelodamo ad aulam du Globe ===

Mense Augusto anni 1904 conventus Internationalis socialistarum Amstelodami habitus est. Per horas Jaurès rationem Francicam defensionis republicanae defendit coram Augusto Bebel et Carolo Kautsky, principibus Germanis: rem publicam, a populo partam, servandam esse. Maior pars contra eum suffragata est.

Conventus decretum Dresdense accepit. Quo iterum vetitum est ne socialistae in talia ministeria intrarent, et socialistae Francici iussi sunt in unam factionem certaminis ordinum (id est pugnae apertae inter opifices et dominos) coniungi.&lt;ref name=&quot;n23&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013; Rioux 2005.&lt;/ref&gt; Jaurès decreto paruit: concordia enim ei iam prima erat.

Ineunte anno 1905 a coniunctione sinistrarum discessit. Veteres amici eius, Millerand, Briand, Viviani, qui rebus paulatim emendandis studebant, disciplinam novae factionis recusaverunt et extra manserunt. Legati factionum aemularum Lutetiae, in aula du Globe, inde a die 23 Aprilis 1905 convenerunt et Factionem socialistam, Sectionem Francicam Internationalis opificum (SFIO), condiderunt, die 25 Aprilis proclamatam.&lt;ref name=&quot;n24&quot;&gt;Scot 2014; Rioux 2005; Duclert 2013. Fontes de diebus conventus paulum inter se differunt.&lt;/ref&gt;

Jaurès obtinuit ut sodalicia localia factionis (foederationes) libera essent et administratio media parva. Primo severissimi eum a principatu arcuerunt: eorum diurna, ''Le Socialiste'', acta publica factionis facta sunt, non ''L'Humanité''. Quod non diu mansit.

Orationibus, actis diurnis, opera in conventibus Jaurès sensim verus princeps factionis unitae factus est. Conventus Tolosanus anni 1908 id confirmavit: magna eius oratio de rebus emendandis et de rerum conversione paene omnes socios ei conciliavit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n25&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005 (&quot;Éloge de la réforme&quot;); Duclert 2013, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

Hi anni etiam asperas pugnas privatas attulerunt. Mense Decembri anni 1904, post iurgium cum Paulo Déroulède, nationis cultore, Jaurès cum eo prope fines [[Hispania|Hispanicos]] certamen singulare iniit; glandibus emissis neuter ictus est.

Ineunte anno 1905 in ''L'Humanité'' causam primae rerum conversionis Russicae egit. Mense Maio anni 1905 cum Gustavo Hervé de socialista et patria disputavit. Mense Iulio Bülow, cancellarius Germanicus, orationem quam Berolini habiturus erat vetuit; textus, de amicitia populorum, eodem die in ''L'Humanité'' et in diurnis socialistarum Germanorum ''Vorwärts'' prodiit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n26&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, tabula temporum; Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Princeps socialistarum (1906–1911) ==
Mense Maio anni 1906 Jaurès sedem suam apud Carmaux paucis suffragiis superans retinuit. SFIO iam 51 deputatos habebat. Mense Iunio anni 1906 in curia cum [[Georgius Clemenceau|Georgio Clemenceau]] de factione radicali et de socialismo clare disputavit. Jaurès dixit rem publicam tum demum perfectam fore, cum libertas et aequalitas etiam in re oeconomica regnarent.

Mense Octobri anni 1906 CGT, summa collegiorum opificum societas, se ab omnibus factionibus liberam esse declaravit (charta Ambianensi). Jaurès reverentiam et colloquium elegit, non imperium. SFIO hanc libertatem conventu Lemovicensi accepit, et ''L'Humanité'' collegiis proprium in diurnis locum dedit.

In contentionibus socialibus horum annorum Jaurès semper cum opificibus stetit. Vinitorum meridianorum seditionem anno 1907 adiuvit. Questus est de vi mortifera, qua anno 1908 apud Draveil et Villeneuve-Saint-Georges in cessantes usi erant, et de ducibus CGT comprehensis.

Ministerium Briand accusavit, quod cessationem ferriviariam anni 1910 fregisset. Eodem anno, Guesde repugnante, factioni suae persuasit ut novam legem de annuis opificum et agricolarum sustineret.&lt;ref name=&quot;n27&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, tabula temporum (conventus Nemausensis, Februario 1910).&lt;/ref&gt; Ratio eius eadem mansit: res veras nunc emendare, neque tamen plenam societatis mutationem deserere.

Quaestiones de coloniis maiorem in dies locum in orationibus eius habebant. Iuvenis opinionem vulgarem de &quot;munere humanitatis afferendae&quot; Francico acceperat; postea inter acerrimos expugnationis colonialis castigatores fuit. Anno 1908 caedes ab exercitu Francico in [[Marocum|Maroco]] factas denuntiavit, et deputati irati eum loqui paene prohibuerunt. Societates accusavit quae ingentes agros in Africa acceperant aut metalla Algeriana tenebant. Mense Iunio anni 1912 contra foedus pugnavit quo Marocum civitas Franciae subiecta (quod ''protectorat'' dicitur) facta est.

Ei dominatio colonialis et populis subiectis iniusta et paci Europaeae periculosa erat. Sed castigatio eius intra opiniones sui temporis mansit: vias expugnationis oppugnabat, non ipsum principium praesentiae Francicae transmarinae. Itaque historici eum verbo posteriore &quot;anticolonialem&quot; non vocant.

Anno 1910 ampla parte suffragiorum reelectus est, et SFIO ad septuaginta sex deputatos crevit.

Intra factionem Jaurès nullum munus publicum gerebat, sed inter varias eius partes conciliator indefessus erat. Anno 1911 diurna novam formam acceperunt: factio, collegia, societates cooperativae in consilium eorum intraverunt, Jaurès rector politicus mansit. Factus erat, ut ait historicus Ioannes Petrus Rioux, dux socialismi Francici non nominatus sed ab omnibus agnitus.&lt;ref name=&quot;n28&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, capitulum &quot;L'homme-orchestre&quot;; de nova forma anni 1911, Candar et Duclert 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; A mense Iulio ad Octobrem anni 1911 iter orationum habendarum causa in [[Brasilia]]m, [[Uraquaria]]m, [[Argentina]]m fecit: quod signum erat eum iam longe extra Europam audiri.

== Vita privata ==

Qui Jaurès noverant, hominem simplicem describunt, vestis neglegentem, brevem et obesum. Vis eius in oratione et in memoria singulari posita erat. Multa legebat et modeste vivebat; maxima pars pecuniae e scriptis veniebat. Vita familiaris inter Lutetiam et villam Bessoulet, prope Albigam, divisa erat, ubi aestates agebat.

Uxor Ludovica catholica religiosa mansit et liberos in fide sua educavit. Mense Iulio anni 1901 filia Magdalena primum ad sacram communionem accessit (sollemne catholicum magni momenti). Alii socialistae Jaurès ob eam rem acriter oppugnaverunt. Respondit libertatem credendi domi suae incipere: se sententias suas familiae non impositurum esse, sicut alii fidem suam imponerent.

Ipse religionem catholicam pueritiae reliquerat, sed de religione ut philosophus cogitare perseveravit. Tristia postremos annos signaverunt: mors matris anno 1906 et nepos gravi corporis vitio natus. Plures vitae eius scriptores notant sub publica eius spe partem quandam maestitiae latuisse.&lt;ref name=&quot;n29&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, de &quot;secreta maestitia&quot; horum annorum.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Contra bellum (1905–1914) ==
[[File:25-5-13, manifestation du Pré-Saint-Gervais contre les trois ans, discours de Mr Jaurès - btv1b69253126.jpg|thumb|Jaurès contra legem militiae trium annorum loquitur apud Le Pré-Saint-Gervais, prope Lutetiam, die 25 Maii 1913.]]

=== L'Armée nouvelle (Novus exercitus) ===
Anno 1905 imperator Germanorum Tingim profectus primum discrimen Marocanum inter Franciam et Germaniam aperuit. Ex eo tempore pax in medio actionis Ioannis Jaurès stetit. Non erat contra patriae defensionem: contra Gustavum Hervé, qui seditionem potius quam bellum postulabat, dixit opifices patriam habere et nationem, domum democratiae, defendi mereri. Sed solum bellum defensivum iustum esse.

Has sententias in librum contulit, ''L'Armée nouvelle'' (Novus exercitus). Eum mense Novembri anni 1910 ut rogationem legis proposuit, mense Aprili anni 1911 edidit. Exercitum civium proposuit, subsidiis nixum (id est militibus exercitatis qui solo bello revocantur), exemplo [[Helvetia]]e, cum brevi tirocinio, novo genere ducum, ratione defensiva. Frigide acceptus est, etiam a sinistris: CGT et Guesdiani librum nimis militarem iudicaverunt.&lt;ref name=&quot;n30&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, capitulum de ''L'Armée nouvelle''.&lt;/ref&gt;

Liber anno 1913 rursus utilis factus est, et bellum mundanum postea plura eius vera fuisse probavit, exempli gratia de bello longo et de pretio militum subsidiariorum.

=== A Basilea ad legem trium annorum ===

In Internationali socialistarum Jaurès laborabat ut verba in firma promissa verterentur. In conventu Stutgardiensi anni 1907 ipse et Eduardus Vaillant effecerunt ut conventus opifices omnium terrarum rogaret ut omnibus viis bellum prohiberent.

Mense Novembri anni 1912, dum bellum in Balcania ardet, conventus extraordinarius Basileae, in Helvetia, habitus est. Ecclesia protestantium aedem suam cathedralem praebuit. E suggestu eius Jaurès claram pro pace adhortationem habuit, e carmine [[Fridericus Schiller|Friderici Schiller]] de campana sumptam.&lt;ref name=&quot;n31&quot;&gt;Scot 2014, qui adhortationem e ''Cantu campanae'' sumptam refert; Candar et Duclert 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Sed conventus nullam certam communem actionem decrevit, et Jaurès de factione Germanica magis magisque sollicitus erat.

In Francia annus 1913 certamine contra novam legem militarem impletus est. Regimen militiam a duobus annis ad tres producere volebat, quia Germania exercitum suum valde augebat. Jaurès in ea lege onus grave et inutile videbat, quod veram exercitus emendationem vitaret.

Respondit consilio libri ''L'Armée nouvelle'', iterum iterumque in curia dixit, contiones per totam terram habuit. Die 25 Maii 1913, apud Le Pré-Saint-Gervais prope Lutetiam, coram circiter 150 000 hominibus locutus est. Libellus publicus 700 000 subscriptiones collegit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n32&quot;&gt;Scot 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; Lex tamen die 19 Iulii 1913 lata est.

Diurna nationis cultorum iam summa violentia Jaurès oppugnabant: Germaniae fautorem et proditorem vocabant. Mense Aprili anni 1914 electores responderunt: Jaurès plus quam 58 centesimis suffragiorum reelectus est, et SFIO plus quam centum sedes vicit, quod numquam antea acciderat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n33&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum (58 centesimae suffragiorum; 102 deputati SFIO e 601 sedibus).&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Mensis Iulius anni 1914 ===
Die 28 Iunii 1914 heres imperii [[Austrohungaria|Austrohungarici]] [[Seraium|Seraii]] occisus est. Jaurès discrimen Europaeum ingravescens observabat. Medio mense Iulio conventus SFIO consilium eius probavit: communem omnium terrarum operis cessationem, quae regimina cogeret controversiam arbitris permittere.

Die 25 Iulii, apud Vaise prope [[Lugdunum]], ubi candidatum Marium Moutet adiuvabat, exposuit omnes magnas civitates partem culpae habere; Europam in extremo discriminis margine stare monuit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n34&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014; Lalouette 2014 (de textu orationis apud Vaise).&lt;/ref&gt; Diebus 29 et 30 Iulii [[Bruxellae|Bruxellis]] fuit, ad conventum urgentem officii Internationalis socialistarum.

Bruxellis, vespere diei 29 Iulii, in Circo regio coram milibus hominum locutus est. Hugo Haase, socialista Germanus, ante eum contra consilia Austriae dixerat. Jaurès orationem habuit quam multi testes postea magno animi motu rettulerunt. Cum principes communes litteras subscripsissent, Haase Jaurès amplexus est. Ultima imago concordiae Inter gentes fuit: proximus enim eius conventus, Vindobona Lutetiam in diem 9 Augusti translatus, numquam habitus est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n35&quot;&gt;Jean Stengers, &quot;Le dernier discours de Jaurès&quot;, apud Candar et Duclert 2014, capitulum I.&lt;/ref&gt;

Lutetiam reversus, die 31 Iulii, Jaurès parvam socialistarum legationem ad ministerium rerum exterarum duxit. Abel Ferry, ministri vicarius, eos accepit. Jaurès institit ut regimen omnia pro pace conservanda faceret.&lt;ref name=&quot;n36&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, e testimonio Abel Ferry.&lt;/ref&gt; In posterum diem magnum commentarium de culpis discriminis parabat. Eo ipso mane ''L'Humanité'' ultimum eius scriptum ediderat, &quot;Sang-froid nécessaire&quot; (De animi tranquillitate necessaria).

== Caedes (die 31 Iulii 1914) ==
[[Fasciculus:L'Humanité 1914-08-01 (Jaurès assassiné).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Prima pagina diurnorum ''L'Humanité'' diei 1 Augusti 1914 caedem Ioannis Jaurès nuntiat.]]
Per menses pars diurnorum nationis cultorum Jaurès summa violentia digito monstrabat, paene mortem eius poscens. In febri ultimorum dierum mensis Iulii anni 1914 unus homo his vocibus respondit.

Die 31 Iulii 1914, paulo ante horam decimam vesperi, Jaurès cum collegis in caupona Café du Croissant, in via Montmartre, prope diurna sua, cenabat. Tergum ad [[fenestra]]m apertam vertebat; solum velum eum a via separabat. Duae glandes e proximo in eum emissae sunt; altera caput percussit. Intra momenta mortuus est.&lt;ref name=&quot;n37&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitulum I; Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

Interfector statim comprehensus est, Radulfus Villain, nationis cultor duodetriginta annorum, sodalis Ligae iuvenum amicorum Alsatiae et Lotharingiae et diurnorum nationi deditorum lector. Quorum certamina eum docuerant Jaurès proditorem putare, qui Franciam Germaniae traditurus esset. Apud custodes publicos factum suum explicavit pugna Ioannis Jaurès contra legem trium annorum.

Quaestio postea consilium ostendit: Villain pridie alterum telum emerat, ad aedes diurnorum ''L'Humanité'' Jaurès quaesiverat, cauponam iam vespere diei 30 Iulii observaverat.&lt;ref name=&quot;n38&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitulum II. Villain apud custodes publicos se professus est duodetriginta annorum esse, natum die 19 Septembris 1885 Remis.&lt;/ref&gt;

Nuntius totam nationem vehementissime movit. Regimen tumultus timebat paulo ante omnium militum convocationem; itaque mortuum honoravit.

Societates opificum praecipuam suam pro pace vocem amiserant; bellum prohibere non potuerunt. Mirum dictu, mors eius etiam concordiam nationalem mensis Augusti anni 1914 adiuvit, quam Franci ''union sacrée'' vocaverunt, quamquam Jaurès pro pace pugnaverat. Francia die 1 Augusti milites convocavit; Germania die 3 Augusti bellum indixit.

Die 4 Augusti, in exsequiis Lutetiae, Vaillant, Jouhaux collegiorum dux, Viviani primus minister locuti sunt. In curia praeses eius [[Paulus Deschanel]] Jaurès martyrem sententiarum suarum vocavit (id est hominem qui pro fide sua mortuus est), et omnes deputati surrexerunt. Die 5 Augusti Albigae sepultus est.

Iudicium Radulfi Villain per totum bellum dilatum est. Mense autem Martio anni 1919 coram iudicibus Sequanae apertum est. Advocati eius dixerunt Villain mente instabilem esse. Quaedam numquam explicata sunt, exempli gratia unde pecuniam habuisset. Die 29 Martii 1919 iurati eum absolverunt. Suffragium iuratorum secretum est; diurna rettulerunt unum tantum iuratum contra dixisse.&lt;ref name=&quot;n39&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitula III et IV. Suffragium iuratorum secretum est; de uno iurato dissentiente diurna testantur.&lt;/ref&gt;

Vidua Ioannis Jaurès etiam impensas iudicii solvere debuit. Sententia indignationem longe ultra sinistras movit: die 6 Aprilis 1919 ingens pompa per Lutetiam transiit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n40&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitulum IV.&lt;/ref&gt;

Villain postea in [[Hispania]] vixit, [[Ebusus|Ebusi]] in [[insula]] [[Baliares insulae|Baliarensi]]. Milites militiae republicanae (manus armatae) eum ibi anno 1936, ineunte [[Bellum civile Hispanicum|bello civili Hispanico]], interfecerunt.&lt;ref name=&quot;n41&quot;&gt;Lalouette 2014, capitulum IV.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Memoria ==
[[Fasciculus:15-3-25, Castres, inauguration du monument Jaurès - btv1b53143825v.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Monumentum]] Ioannis Jaurès [[Castres|Castris]] dedicatur, die 15 Martii 1925.]]

Jaurès paene statim fama paene fabulosa circumdatus est. Die 23 Novembris 1924, regimine sinistro, corpus eius in [[Pantheon Parisiense]] translatum est. Duae pompae funebres id secutae sunt, altera publica, altera communistarum. Hereditas enim Ioannis Jaurès iam praemium facta erat certaminis inter socialistas et communistas, duas factiones e scissura anni 1920 natas.&lt;ref name=&quot;n42&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum; Duclert 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

''L'Humanité'', iam acta factionis communistarum, et SFIO [[Leo Blum|Leonis Blum]] ambae se certamen eius continuare dicebant. Quarto decennio saeculi vicesimi etiam &quot;neosocialistae&quot; Marcelli Déat nomen eius sibi sumpserunt, antequam ad societatem cum Nazistis declinaverunt; Blum memoriam conditoris defendere debuit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n43&quot;&gt;Duclert 2013, capitulum &quot;Entre 'néosocialisme' et 'révolution intégrale'&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt; Anno 1936 Frons Popularis victoriam suam nomine eius celebravit.

Monumenta mature venerunt. Societas amicorum Ioannis Jaurès anno 1916 orta est; prima monumenta publica anno 1921 surrexerunt. Carmaux monumentum suum anno 1923 dedicavit, adstante scriptore [[Anatolius France|Anatolio France]]; Castres anno 1925, Tolosa anno 1929 secutae sunt.

Anno 1992 Fundatio Ioannis Jaurès condita est, Petro Mauroy praeside. Die 21 Maii 1981, quo die munus iniit, praeses [[Franciscus Mitterrand]] rosam in sepulcro Ioannis Jaurès in Pantheo posuit. Milia viarum, arearum, scholarum, stationum ferriviae subterraneae nomen eius gerunt. Hodie viri publici fere omnium factionum Jaurès sibi vindicant, interdum modis a veris eius sententiis remotis, quos historici corrigunt.

Studia docta de Ioanne Jaurès circa Societatem studiorum Iauresianorum ordinata sunt, anno 1959 conditam, centum annis post diem natalem eius. Primus eam rexit Ernestus Labrousse, deinde Magdalena Rebérioux ab anno 1982 ad annum 2005.

Sedes nationalis et museum Ioannis Jaurès Castris anno 1988 aperta sunt. Ab anno 2000 editor Fayard editionem doctam et integram operum eius imprimit. Anni 2009 (centum quinquaginta post natalem) et 2014 (centum post mortem) multas memoriae sollemnitates novaque studia attulerunt.&lt;ref name=&quot;n44&quot;&gt;Candar et Duclert 2014, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Doctrina et opera ==

=== Philosophus ===
Jaurès semper synthesin quaerebat, id est coniunctionem sententiarum quae contrariae videntur. Ei philosophia et actio numquam seiunctae erant. Dissertatio eius mundum unum totum vivumque describit: mundus non est sola materia mortua; cogitatio humana pars est vitae mundi eiusque motum continuat.

Hinc altissima eius fides: iustitiae propositum non est somnium mundo extrinsecus impositum, sed vis quae iam intus in eo operatur. Itaque sententiae et vires oeconomicae historiae inter se pugnare non debent.

=== Socialismus rei publicae ===

A [[Carolus Marx|Marx]], quem diligenter legerat, Jaurès rationem certaminis ordinum et pondus rei oeconomicae accepit. Sed rem oeconomicam solam causam historiae facere noluit. In disputatione anni 1895 cum Lafargue demonstravit sententias morales, e philosophis saeculi duodevicesimi et Rebus Novis Francicis natas, propriam in historia vim habere.&lt;ref name=&quot;n45&quot;&gt;Jean Jaurès et Paul Lafargue, &quot;Idéalisme et matérialisme dans la conception de l'histoire&quot;, disputatio publica, 1895; Duclert 2013, tabula temporum.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ei socialismus rem publicam perficit: potestatem civis ad rem oeconomicam extendit, per communem possessionem magnorum efficiendi instrumentorum, ut officinarum, metallorum, ferriviarum. Viae ad hoc propositum nomen Francogallicum dedit: ''évolution révolutionnaire'' (progressio quae res convertit). Id est: maiores partes liberis comitiis parare, emendationes alias post alias obtinere, opifices ordinare, non vi potestatem capere.&lt;ref name=&quot;n46&quot;&gt;De hac via vide Scot 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ita reformator singularis generis erat, qui propositum societatis funditus mutandae numquam deposuit. Socialistae qui Marx strictius sequebantur dicebant eum sententiis nimis credere; collegiorum duces revolutionarii eum curiae nimis credere. Attamen decem postremis annis dux socialismi Francici maxime auditus erat et inter magnas voces Internationalis numerabatur.

=== De civitate et religione seiungendis ===
Seiunctio civitatis et ecclesiarum (Francogallice ''laïcité'') in medio actionis eius stetit. Ea est regula qua civitas et ecclesiae separatae esse debent. Filius scholae republicanae et constans magistrorum amicus, Jaurès eam praesidium libertatis putabat, non telum contra religionem. Hinc explicatur cur seiunctionem liberalem anno 1905 adiuverit et magnam orationem pro schola laica mense Ianuario anni 1910 habuerit.

Fidem pueritiae reliquerat, sed de religione ut philosophus cogitare non desiit. Longum scriptum de religione et socialismo, vivo eo non editum, hanc perpetuam quaestionem ostendit: socialismum, ut putabat, necessitatibus animi humani alio modo respondere debere quam ecclesiae responderent.&lt;ref name=&quot;n47&quot;&gt;&quot;Pour la laïque&quot;, oratio in curia, Ianuario 1910; Jean Jaurès, ''La Question religieuse et le socialisme'', ed. Michel Launay, Paris, Les Éditions de Minuit, 1959.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Patria, Internationalis, coloniae ===

Erant qui dicerent aut patriam aut Internationalem eligendam esse. Jaurès respondit ambas simul stare. Natio est domus historica, in qua opifices iura sua vincunt; Internationalis est instrumentum quod nationes a bello prohibere debet. Liber ''L'Armée nouvelle'' id clara sententia dicit: paulum studii rerum omnium gentium a patria abducere, multum ad eam reducere; paulum amoris patriae ab Internationali abducere, multum ad eam reducere.&lt;ref name=&quot;n48&quot;&gt;Jean Jaurès, ''L'Armée nouvelle'', Paris, Jules Rouff, 1911.&lt;/ref&gt;

Sententia eius de coloniis eandem contentionem ostendit: bonis omnium hominum communibus credebat, sed imperium vi in alios populos impositum castigabat. Initio communem opinionem de munere humanitatis afferendae acceperat; postremo acer castigator fuit violentiae expugnationis, cupiditatis lucri celeris, periculorum belli inter potentes civitates. Sed ipsam coloniarum rationem ut principium numquam reiecit.

=== Rerum scriptor ===
Opus eius historicum quoque grave fuit. Librum ''Histoire socialiste de la Révolution française'' maxime inter annos 1898 et 1903 scripsit, post longos in tabulariis labores. Propositum novum erat: Res Novas per vitam oeconomicam et socialem narrare, populo quasi actori vocem dare, primas spes aequalitatis bonorum metiri. Verbum ''socialiste'' in titulo multos doctos offendit; etiam Alphonsus Aulard, primus professor historiae Rerum Novarum, id reprehendit.

Posteriores historici aliter iudicaverunt. Albertus Mathiez, deinde Albertus Soboul opus iterum ediderunt. Hodie liber fundamentum historiae socialis Rerum Novarum Francicarum habetur. Anno 1903, Ioanne Jaurès auctore, curia etiam consilium publicum creavit, quod documenta oeconomica Rerum Novarum ederet; quod per multa decennia laboravit.&lt;ref name=&quot;n49&quot;&gt;Rioux 2005, qui castigationem Alphonsi Aulard (1902) refert et analysin Monae Ozouf de verbo ''socialiste''.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Orator et scriptor diurnorum ===
In memoria Francorum Jaurès proprium locum inter magnos oratores Tertiae Rei Publicae tenet. Vocem validam et doctrinam amplissimam habebat, sine commentariis adhibitam. Omnem disputationem ad principia generalia tollere poterat. Testes etiam dicebant eum singulas causas exactissime nosse: orationes igitur eius tam argumenta erant quam verba pulchra.

Ut scriptor diurnorum per triginta fere annos paene cotidie scripsit, in ''La Dépêche'', in ''La Petite République'', in ''L'Humanité''. Haec aliquot milia commentariorum inter maximas sui temporis scriptionum diurnarum collectiones numerantur.

== Tabula temporum ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Dies !! Res gesta
|-
| 3 Septembris 1859 || Castris (Tarnis) natus.
|-
| 1878 || Primus examen Scholae Normalis Superioris superavit.
|-
| 1881 || ''Agrégation'' philosophiae adeptus; magister lycei Albigensis.
|-
| 4 Octobris 1885 || Deputatus Tarnis creatus, minimus natu Franciae, inter republicanos.
|-
| 29 Iunii 1886 || Ludovicam Bois uxorem duxit.
|-
| Mense Septembri 1889 || Comitiis victus; ad Universitatem Tolosanam rediit.
|-
| 1892 || Doctor philosophiae; cessatio metallicorum apud Carmaux (Augusto–Novembri).
|-
| Mense Ianuario 1893 || Deputatus socialista Carmausinus comitiis extraordinariis creatus; mense Augusto reelectus.
|-
| 1895–1896 || Cessatio vitrariorum Carmausinorum; Officina vitraria opificum Albigae condita.
|-
| Mense Ianuario 1898 || In [[Alfredus Dreyfus|causam Dreyfusianam]] post &quot;J'accuse…!&quot; Aemilii Zolae ingressus.
|-
| 8 Maii 1898 || Sedem Carmausinam marchioni de Solages amisit.
|-
| Aestate 1898 || ''Les Preuves'' in ''La Petite République'' edidit, deinde ut librum.
|-
| Mense Iunio 1899 || Ministerium defensionis republicanae Waldeck-Rousseau sustinuit.
|-
| Mense Novembri 1900 || Disputatio de &quot;duabus viis&quot; cum Iulio Guesde in urbe Lille.
|-
| 1901–1908 || ''Histoire socialiste'' (1789–1900) edita.
|-
| Mense Aprili 1902 || Apud Carmaux reelectus; columen coniunctionis sinistrarum (vicarius praeses Camerae anno 1903).
|-
| 30 Iulii 1903 || Oratio ad iuventutem, Albigae.
|-
| 18 Aprilis 1904 || Primus numerus diurnorum ''L'Humanité''; mense Augusto conventus internationalis Amstelodamensis.
|-
| Mense Aprili 1905 || Conventus aulae du Globe: SFIO nata.
|-
| 9 Decembris 1905 || Lex de ecclesiis et civitate seiungendis promulgata.
|-
| Mense Iunio 1906 || Magna disputatio cum Clemenceau de factione radicali et de socialismo.
|-
| 12 Iulii 1906 || Centurio Dreyfus a summo iudicio Franciae innocens declaratus.
|-
| Mense Octobri 1908 || Conventus Tolosanus SFIO: concordia confirmata.
|-
| 1910–1911 || Lex de annuis opificum lata; ''L'Armée nouvelle'' editus.
|-
| Iulio–Octobri 1911 || Iter orationum in Brasiliam, Uraquariam, Argentinam.
|-
| 24–25 Novembris 1912 || Oratio pro pace in conventu internationali Basileensi.
|-
| 25 Maii 1913 || Contio apud Le Pré-Saint-Gervais contra legem militiae trium annorum.
|-
| 26 Aprilis 1914 || Apud Carmaux reelectus; circiter centum deputati SFIO.
|-
| 31 Iulii 1914 || In caupona Café du Croissant Lutetiae a Radulfo Villain occisus.
|-
| 29 Martii 1919 || Radulfus Villain a iudicibus Sequanae absolutus.
|-
| 23 Novembris 1924 || Corpus Ioannis Jaurès in Pantheon translatum.
|-
| 14 Novembris 1959 || Societas studiorum Iauresianorum condita.
|}

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Opera selecta ==
* ''De primis [[Socialismus|socialismi]] germanici lineamentis apud [[Martinus Lutherus|Lutherum]], [[Immanuel Kantius|Kant]], [[Ioannes Fichte|Fichte]] et [[Hegel]]'' ([[dissertatio]] [[lingua Latina|Latina]]), [[1891]] 
* ''Discours parlementaires'', [[1904]]
* ''Histoire socialiste de la révolution française'', [[1908]]
* Jaurès (Jean), ''Œuvres'', Paris, Fayard, editio docta ab anno 2000 in cursu. (Opera collecta.)

== Bibliographia ==
* Candar (Gilles) et Duclert (Vincent), ''Jean Jaurès'', Lutetiae: Fayard, 2014. (Praecipua vita docta.)
* Duclert (Vincent), ''Jaurès 1859-1914. La politique et la légende'', Lutetiae: Autrement, 2013. (Breve studium de vita et fama.)
* Lalouette (Jacqueline), ''Jean Jaurès. L'assassinat, la gloire, le souvenir'', Lutetiae: Perrin, 2014. (Liber de caede, de iudicio interfectoris, de memoria.)
* Rioux (Jean-Pierre), ''Jean Jaurès'', Lutetiae: Perrin, 2005. (Vita brevis et perspicua.)
* Scot (Jean-Paul), ''Jaurès et le réformisme révolutionnaire'', Lutetiae: Seuil, 2014. (Studium de sententiis politicis.)

== Nexus externi ==
* ''[[s:De_primis_socialismi_germanici_lineamentis_apud_Lutherum,_Kant,_Fichte,_Hegel|De primis socialismi germanici lineamentis apud Lutherum, Kant, Fichte et Hegel]]'' dissertatio apud [[Vicifons|Vicifontem]] legi potest.

{{Lifetime|1859|1914|Jaures, Ioannes}}
[[Categoria:Auctores Latini recentiores]]
[[Categoria:Diurnarii Franciae]]
[[Categoria:Editores]]
[[Categoria:Historici Franciae]]
[[Categoria:Necati]]
[[Categoria:Politici Franciae]]
[[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]]
[[Categoria:Socialistae Franciae]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Boleslaus I (rex Poloniae)</title>
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      <text bytes="1957" sha1="h6gouoagmhd6sbz9i2jeziawza51chq" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa hominis Vicidata}}[[Fasciculus:Boleslaw I Chrobry (274954).jpg|thumb|Boleslaus I rex Poloniae.]]
'''Boleslaus I Fortis''' ([[Polonice]] ''Bolesław I Chrobry'') fuit filius [[Misico I (dux Poloniae)|Misiconis]] et [[Dobrava]]e, filiae ducis [[Res publica Bohemica|Bohemiae]] Boleslai. Natus [[967]], obiit [[17 Iunii]] [[1025]]. Ab anno [[992]] usque ad [[Aprilis|Aprilem]] [[1025]] fuit [[dux Poloniae]] et a mense Aprile anno [[1025]] ad mortem [[rex Poloniae]]; ab anno [[1003]] ad [[1004]] fuit dux [[Bohemia]]e.

Erat amicus [[Sanctus Adalbertus|Sancti Adalberti]].

Anno [[1000]], [[Otto III]] [[imperator]] eum &quot;in amicitiae foedus&quot; accepisse dicitur. Otto Boleslao [[vexillum]] triumphale, quod erat [[clavus]] crucis Christi, dono dedit, et eum &quot;fratrem et cooperatorem imperii&quot; appellavit et &quot;amicum populi Romani et socium&quot;. Boleslaus gratim retulit donando brachium [[Sanctus Adalbertus|Sancti Adalberti]]. [[Sepulcrum|Sepulcri]] [[inscriptio]]. anno [[1345]] facta. habet &quot;tibi contulit Otto coronam.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20101110024018/http://hsozkult.geschichte.hu-berlin.de/rezensionen/id=1433 M. Borgolte (Hg.): Polen und Deutschland vor 1000 Jahren] {{ling|Theodisce}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Ab [[1002]] de [[1018]] gerebat aliqa bella contra [[Imperium Romanum Sacrum|Germaniam]].

Anno [[1015]] venit ad Boleslaum [[Sventopolcus (magnus dux Kioviae)|Sventopolcus]], maritus filiae eius (filius [[Vladimirus I Magnus|Vladimiri]] ducis [[Ruthenia]]e) et auxilium petiit, enim eius frater faciebat contra testamentum patris et surripuit illi hereditatem (id est civitatem/ducatum). Eo tempore Boleslaus faciebat bellum contra Germaniam, sed post bellum anno [[1018]] Rutheniam petiit adiuvitque filiae suae maritum imperium obtinere.

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

==Nexus externi==
{{fontes biographici}}

[[Categoria:Familia Piastorum]]
[[Categoria:Nati 967]]
[[Categoria:Mortui 1025]]
[[Categoria:Reges Poloniae]]

{{Myrias|Homines}}</text>
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    <title>Paulus Henricus Lecomte</title>
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      <text bytes="1418" sha1="fdwtrgip14q2ajdupwmiqfpbuvj4g5z" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}}
'''Paulus Henricus Lecomte''' ([[Francogallice]]: ''Paul Henri Lecomte'') natus est die [[8 Ianuarii]] [[1856]] in [[Sanctus Nabor (Vosegus)|Sanctus Nabor]] ([[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosego]]) - mortuus est die [[12 Iunii]] [[1934]] in [[Lutetia]] fuit [[botanica|botanista]] [[Francia|Francicus]]. Lecomte magister apud [[Lyceum Sanctus-Ludovicus]] [[Lutetia]]e fuit. Deinde socius [[Academia Scientiarum Francica|Academiae Scientiarum Francicae]] ab anno [[1917]], docuit ab anno [[1906]] [[botanica]]m apud [[Museum Nationale Historiae Naturalis (Lutetia)|Museum Nationale Historiae Naturalis]].

{{botanistae|Lecomte}}

== Opera ==
* [[1904]], ''Notions de botanique.''
* [[1914]], ''Formation de la vanilline dans la vanille.''
* [[1922]], ''Madagascar: les bois de la forêt d'Analamazaotra.''
* [[1925]], ''Les bois d’Indochine.''

== Notae ==
* Jaussaud, Philippe, et Édouard-Raoul Brygoo. [[2004]]. ''Du Jardin au Muséum en 516 Biographies.'' [[Lutetia]]e: Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. ISBN 2-85653-565-8.

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Paul Henri Lecomte|Paulum Henricum Lecomte}}
{{fontes biographici}}

{{bio-stipula}}
{{Lifetime|1856|1914|Lecomte, Paulus Henricus}}

[[Categoria:Botanistae Franciae]]
[[Categoria:Socii Musei Nationalis Historiae Naturalis (Lutetia)]]
[[Categoria:Socii Academiae Scientiarum Francicae]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1418" sha1="q3s8y3sajb31fo5v1wx7k7ak5vca8ye" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}}
'''Paulus Henricus Lecomte''' ([[Francogallice]]: ''Paul Henri Lecomte'') natus est die [[8 Ianuarii]] [[1856]] in [[Sanctus Nabor (Vosegus)|Sancto Nabori]] ([[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosego]]) - mortuus est die [[12 Iunii]] [[1934]] in [[Lutetia]] fuit [[botanica|botanista]] [[Francia|Francicus]]. Lecomte magister apud [[Lyceum Sanctus-Ludovicus]] [[Lutetia]]e fuit. Deinde socius [[Academia Scientiarum Francica|Academiae Scientiarum Francicae]] ab anno [[1917]], docuit ab anno [[1906]] [[botanica]]m apud [[Museum Nationale Historiae Naturalis (Lutetia)|Museum Nationale Historiae Naturalis]].

{{botanistae|Lecomte}}

== Opera ==
* [[1904]], ''Notions de botanique.''
* [[1914]], ''Formation de la vanilline dans la vanille.''
* [[1922]], ''Madagascar: les bois de la forêt d'Analamazaotra.''
* [[1925]], ''Les bois d’Indochine.''

== Notae ==
* Jaussaud, Philippe, et Édouard-Raoul Brygoo. [[2004]]. ''Du Jardin au Muséum en 516 Biographies.'' [[Lutetia]]e: Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. ISBN 2-85653-565-8.

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Paul Henri Lecomte|Paulum Henricum Lecomte}}
{{fontes biographici}}

{{bio-stipula}}
{{Lifetime|1856|1914|Lecomte, Paulus Henricus}}

[[Categoria:Botanistae Franciae]]
[[Categoria:Socii Musei Nationalis Historiae Naturalis (Lutetia)]]
[[Categoria:Socii Academiae Scientiarum Francicae]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1411" sha1="f7kcc5q6bp24gwy7fhhdjef88gl71io" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}}
'''Paulus Henricus Lecomte''' ([[Francogallice]]: ''Paul Henri Lecomte'', natus die [[8 Ianuarii]] [[1856]] in [[Sanctus Nabor (Vosegus)|Sancto Nabori]] ([[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosego]]) - mortuus die [[12 Iunii]] [[1934]] in [[Lutetia]]) fuit [[botanica|botanista]] [[Francia|Francicus]]. Lecomte magister apud [[Lyceum Sanctus-Ludovicus]] [[Lutetia]]e fuit. Deinde socius [[Academia Scientiarum Francica|Academiae Scientiarum Francicae]] ab anno [[1917]], docuit ab anno [[1906]] [[botanica]]m apud [[Museum Nationale Historiae Naturalis (Lutetia)|Museum Nationale Historiae Naturalis]].

{{botanistae|Lecomte}}

== Opera ==
* [[1904]], ''Notions de botanique.''
* [[1914]], ''Formation de la vanilline dans la vanille.''
* [[1922]], ''Madagascar: les bois de la forêt d'Analamazaotra.''
* [[1925]], ''Les bois d’Indochine.''

== Notae ==
* Jaussaud, Philippe, et Édouard-Raoul Brygoo. [[2004]]. ''Du Jardin au Muséum en 516 Biographies.'' [[Lutetia]]e: Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. ISBN 2-85653-565-8.

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Paul Henri Lecomte|Paulum Henricum Lecomte}}
{{fontes biographici}}

{{bio-stipula}}
{{Lifetime|1856|1914|Lecomte, Paulus Henricus}}

[[Categoria:Botanistae Franciae]]
[[Categoria:Socii Musei Nationalis Historiae Naturalis (Lutetia)]]
[[Categoria:Socii Academiae Scientiarum Francicae]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1410" sha1="lgyj38pgg09l0bj7dzeiydprk0j17sn" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}}
'''Paulus Henricus Lecomte''' ([[Francogallice]]: ''Paul Henri Lecomte'', natus die [[8 Ianuarii]] [[1856]] in [[Sanctus Nabor (Vosegus)|Sancto Nabore]] ([[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosego]]) - mortuus die [[12 Iunii]] [[1934]]  [[Lutetia]]e) fuit [[botanica|botanista]] [[Francia|Francicus]]. Lecomte magister apud [[Lyceum Sanctus-Ludovicus]] [[Lutetia]]e fuit. Deinde socius [[Academia Scientiarum Francica|Academiae Scientiarum Francicae]] ab anno [[1917]], docuit ab anno [[1906]] [[botanica]]m apud [[Museum Nationale Historiae Naturalis (Lutetia)|Museum Nationale Historiae Naturalis]].

{{botanistae|Lecomte}}

== Opera ==
* [[1904]], ''Notions de botanique.''
* [[1914]], ''Formation de la vanilline dans la vanille.''
* [[1922]], ''Madagascar: les bois de la forêt d'Analamazaotra.''
* [[1925]], ''Les bois d’Indochine.''

== Notae ==
* Jaussaud, Philippe, et Édouard-Raoul Brygoo. [[2004]]. ''Du Jardin au Muséum en 516 Biographies.'' [[Lutetia]]e: Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. ISBN 2-85653-565-8.

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Paul Henri Lecomte|Paulum Henricum Lecomte}}
{{fontes biographici}}

{{bio-stipula}}
{{Lifetime|1856|1914|Lecomte, Paulus Henricus}}

[[Categoria:Botanistae Franciae]]
[[Categoria:Socii Musei Nationalis Historiae Naturalis (Lutetia)]]
[[Categoria:Socii Academiae Scientiarum Francicae]]</text>
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    <title>Antonius Gaudí i Cornet</title>
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      <comment>de Die mundiali generis florali</comment>
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'''Antonius Gaudí i Cornet''' (in [[Reus]] aut [[Riudoms]], [[Catalonia]], die 25 iunii 1852 natus; [[Barcino]]ne 10 iunii 1926 mortuus) illustris [[architectus]] Catalanus scholae [[modernismus|modernistae]] et neo-[[architectura gothica|gothicae]] fuit.&lt;ref name=&quot;Palabra&quot;&gt;[http://books.google.cat/books?id=gtSlaaAPX90C&amp;pg=PA160-IA12#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false Gaudí: arquitecto de Dios (1852-1926)], Álvarez Izquierdo, Rafael. Palabra, 1999.&lt;/ref&gt; Opera eius in [[Barcino]]ne in summam tablam [[UNESCO Mundi Hereditas|UNESCO Mundi Hereditatis]] regesta sunt.

== Pinacotheca ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Imago:Spain.Barcelona.Casa.Mila.jpg|Domus Batlló in Barcinone
Imago:Sagradafamilia-overview.jpg|[[Sancta Familia]] in Barcinone
Imago:Parc gueell 1.jpeg|Horti Güell in Barcinone
Imago:Palacio Episcopal de Astorga de noche.jpg|Palatium episcopis episcopale in [[Astorga]] [[nox|nocte]]
Imago:CasaBatllo 0170.JPG|Domus Milà in [[Barcino]]ne
&lt;/gallery&gt;


== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

{{NexInt}}
*[[Dies mundialis generis floralis]]
== Nexus externi ==

{{CommuniaCat|Antoni Gaudí|Antonium Gaudí}}
* [http://12koerbe.de/bienengold/gaudi.htm Horti Güell, series imaginum]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171110225847/http://antonigaudi.net/ Paginae Antonio Gaudi dicatae]

{{bio-stipula}}

{{Lifetime|1852|1926|Gaudi, Antonius}}
[[Categoria:Architecti Hispaniae]]
[[Categoria:Incolae Cataloniae]]

{{Myrias|Homines}}</text>
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'''Gualphangus''' (vulgo ''Wolfgang'') '''Böhmer''' (natus [[Henrici Villa]]e -Theodisce ''Dürrhennersdorf''- in [[Saxonia]] [[27 Ianuarii]] [[1936]]; mortuus die [[28 Iunii|28]]/[[29 Iunii]] [[2025]]) fuit [[vir publicus]] [[Germania]]e et sodalis [[Christiana Democratica Unio Germaniae|Christianae Democraticae Unionis Germaniae]].

==Munus==
Gualphangus Böhmer annis ab [[1954]] ad [[1959]] [[Lipsia]]e [[medicina]]e studebat et anno [[1966]] medicus peritus [[Gynaecologia et Obstetricia|Gynaecologiae]] factus est. Primo [[Gorlicium Germaniae|Gorlicii]], deinde ab anno [[1974]] ad usque [[1991]] [[Wittenberga]]e laborabat. Anno [[1983]] professor medicinae factus est.

==Cursus honorum==
Anno [[1990]] sodalis CDU fiebat. Annis [[1990]] - [[2002]], [[2005]]/[[2006]] et ab [[2007]] legatus senatus terrae [[Saxonia-Anhaltinum|Saxoniae-Anhaltini]] est. Ibi annis ab 1991 ad [[1993]] minister aerarii fuit, deinde 1993/[[1994]] minister laboris et rerum socialium. Anno [[1994]] CDU electionibus victa est et Böhmer officium reliquit. Sed postquam [[Reinhardus Höppner]] ([[SPD]]) praeses ministrorum electionibus maioritatem amisit, Böhmer [[16 Maii]] [[2002]] eius successor factus et est. Post suffragium anni [[2006]] reelectus est, postquam foedus regnandi cum factione SPD signavit. Electione die [[20 Martii]] [[2011]] habita nunc aetate provectus non iam candidatus praesidis ministrorum erat. Factio sua civibus terrae [[Reinerus Haseloff|Reinerum Haseloff]] eius successorem proposuit. Qui die [[19 Aprilis]] electus est. 

==Nexus externi==
*[http://www.sachsen-anhalt.de/LPSA/fileadmin/Elementbibliothek/Bibliothek_Politik_und_Verwaltung/Politik+Verwaltung/Dokumente/Vita_Boehmer.pdf Curriculum Vitae in pagina consilii administratorum Saxoniae-Anhaltini (Lingua Theodisca)]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090228182704/http://wolfgang-boehmer.de/ Pagina personalis Gualphangi Böhmer]

{{Praesides Ministrorum Saxoniae-Anhaltini}}
{{Praesides Consilii Foederalis Germaniae}}

{{Lifetime|1936|2025|Bohmer, Gualphangus}}
[[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Lipsiensis]]
[[Categoria:Medici Germaniae]]
[[Categoria:Praesides Consilii Foederalis Germaniae]]
[[Categoria:Praesides ministrorum Saxoniae-Anhaltini]]</text>
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{{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}}
{{res|Gualphangus Böhmer}} (vulgo ''Wolfgang''; natus [[Henrici Villa]]e -[[Theodisce]] ''Dürrhennersdorf''- in [[Saxonia]] [[27 Ianuarii]] [[1936]]; mortuus die [[28 Iunii|28]]/[[29 Iunii]] [[2025]]) fuit [[vir publicus]] [[Germania]]e et sodalis [[Christiana Democratica Unio Germaniae|Christianae Democraticae Unionis Germaniae]].

==Munus==
Gualphangus Böhmer annis ab [[1954]] ad [[1959]] [[Lipsia]]e [[medicina]]e studebat et anno [[1966]] medicus peritus [[Gynaecologia et Obstetricia|Gynaecologiae]] factus est. Primo [[Gorlicium Germaniae|Gorlicii]], deinde ab anno [[1974]] ad usque [[1991]] [[Wittenberga]]e laborabat. Anno [[1983]] professor medicinae factus est.

==Cursus honorum==
Anno [[1990]] sodalis CDU fiebat. Annis [[1990]] - [[2002]], [[2005]]/[[2006]] et ab [[2007]] legatus senatus terrae [[Saxonia-Anhaltinum|Saxoniae-Anhaltini]] est. Ibi annis ab 1991 ad [[1993]] minister aerarii fuit, deinde 1993/[[1994]] minister laboris et rerum socialium. Anno [[1994]] CDU electionibus victa est et Böhmer officium reliquit. Sed postquam [[Reinhardus Höppner]] ([[SPD]]) praeses ministrorum electionibus maioritatem amisit, Böhmer [[16 Maii]] [[2002]] eius successor factus et est. Post suffragium anni [[2006]] reelectus est, postquam foedus regnandi cum factione SPD signavit. Electione die [[20 Martii]] [[2011]] habita nunc aetate provectus non iam candidatus praesidis ministrorum erat. Factio sua civibus terrae [[Reinerus Haseloff|Reinerum Haseloff]] eius successorem proposuit. Qui die [[19 Aprilis]] electus est. 

==Nexus externi==
{{Fontes biographici}}
*[http://www.sachsen-anhalt.de/LPSA/fileadmin/Elementbibliothek/Bibliothek_Politik_und_Verwaltung/Politik+Verwaltung/Dokumente/Vita_Boehmer.pdf Curriculum Vitae in pagina consilii administratorum Saxoniae-Anhaltini (Lingua Theodisca)]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090228182704/http://wolfgang-boehmer.de/ Pagina personalis Gualphangi Böhmer]

{{Praesides Ministrorum Saxoniae-Anhaltini}}
{{Praesides Consilii Foederalis Germaniae}}

{{Lifetime|1936|2025|Bohmer, Gualphangus}}
[[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Lipsiensis]]
[[Categoria:Medici Germaniae]]
[[Categoria:Praesides Consilii Foederalis Germaniae]]
[[Categoria:Praesides ministrorum Saxoniae-Anhaltini]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bonasola</title>
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      <text bytes="2105" sha1="rxvl2qpa3v6qsky4v4w5bfliytwfaxx" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa urbis Vicidata}}
[[Fasciculus:Bonassola 055.jpg|thumb|Prospectus Bonazolae ex montibus]]
'''Bonasola'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Godefridus Casalis}}&lt;/ref&gt; {{victio|Bonasola|ae|f}} vel '''Bonatiola'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.forgottenbooks.com/readbook_text/Sul_Riconoscimento_Giuridico_Delle_Societa_Commerciali_Con_Sede_1300011955/7 Sul Riconoscimento Giuridico Delle Societa Commerciali Con Sede]&lt;/ref&gt; {{victio|Bonatiola|ae|f}} (alia nomina: ''Vallis Bonazolae''&lt;ref name=&quot;tecuting2&quot;&gt;http://www.tecuting2.it/c011005/sa/sa_p_testo.php?x=&amp;idservizio=233&amp;idtesto=23&amp;idfoto=&amp;node=0{{Nexus deficit|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;, interdum fortasse ''Bulnetia''&lt;ref name=&quot;tecuting2&quot; /&gt; vel ''Bodetia''&lt;ref name=&quot;tecuting2&quot; /&gt;, ''Bonasola de Varia''&lt;ref name=&quot;repetti&quot;&gt;{{Repetti}}&lt;/ref&gt;) ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Bonassola|Bonassola]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[municipium]], circiter 980 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Liguria]] ac in [[Provincia Spediensis|Provincia Spediensi]] situm. Incolae ''Bonatiolenses'' vel ''Bonasolenses'' appellantur.

== Insigne ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]''
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Clari cives ==
== Ecclesia Catholica Romana ==
* [[Dioecesis Spediensis-Sarzanensis-Brugnatensis]]

== Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio ==
=== Fractiones ===
''Costella, Montaretto, Poggio, Reggimonti, San Giorgio, Scernio, Serra''.

== Municipia finitima ==
* [[Framura]],
* [[Ceula (Liguria)|Ceula]], deinde [[Levantum]].

{{NexInt}}
* [[Liguria]] (''regio''),
* [[Provincia Spediensis]]
* [[Spedia]] (''urbs''),
* [[Municipium Italiae]].

== Nexus externi ==
* [http://www.comune.bonassola.sp.it/ Situs Publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}}
{{CommuniaCat|Bonassola|Bonasolam}}

== Pinacotheca ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Fasciculus:Map of comune of Bonassola (province of La Spezia, region Liguria, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii Bonatiolae in Provincia Spediensi.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

{{urbs-stipula}}
{{Municipia in provincia Spediae}}
[[Categoria:Municipia Litoris Spediensis]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Butua</title>
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      <text bytes="3039" sha1="19jgr88g2nyhospd3p9v19giyj6njkz" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}}
[[Fasciculus:Budva, view from Gospostina.jpg|thumb|350 px|Despectus in urbem]] 
'''Butua'''&lt;ref name=&quot;graesse&quot;&gt;{{Graesse}}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://wikinfo.org/w/Hrvatski/index.php/Anti%C4%8Dka_Hrvatska Antička Hrvatska]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.asciatopo.altervista.org/illyria.html Antonio Sciarretta's Toponymy - Ancient Toponymy: Illyricum URL www.asciatopo.altervista.org]&lt;/ref&gt; {{victio|Butua|ae|f}} vel '''Budua'''&lt;ref name=&quot;graesse&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;CathHier&quot;&gt;{{CathHierDiocese|2b96|Dioecesis Buduanensis}}}&lt;/ref&gt; {{victio|Budua|ae|f}} (alia nomina: ''Batua''&lt;ref name=&quot;graesse&quot; /&gt;, ''Budra''&lt;ref name=&quot;graesse&quot; /&gt;, ''Bulua''&lt;ref name=&quot;graesse&quot; /&gt;) ([[Serbocroatice|Montenegrinae]]: ''[[:Budva]]''; [[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Budua|Budua]]''), est [[Urbes Montis Nigri|urbs]] et [[Commune Montis Nigri|municipium]] [[Mons Niger|Montis Nigri]], in [[Dalmatia]] regione historica. Incolunt urbem 10&amp;thinsp;918 et 15&amp;thinsp; 909 municipium omnem (ab anno [[2003]]). Incolae ''Buduanenses''&lt;ref name=&quot;graesse&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;CathHier&quot; /&gt; (etiam: ''Butuenses'', ''Buduenses''&lt;ref name=&quot;graesse&quot; /&gt;, ''Budienses''&lt;ref name=&quot;graesse&quot; /&gt;, ''Biduanenses''&lt;ref name=&quot;graesse&quot; /&gt;) appellantur.

== Indicia fundamentalia ==
* [[Coordinata geographica]] || 42°17′17″ ad Septentrionalem spectans 18°50′33″ ad Orientalem spectans
* [[Altitudo]] || minumum: 00,00 [[Super libram maris|s.l.m.]]; maximum: 03,00 [[Super libram maris|s.l.m.]]
* [[Area|Area finis municipalis]] || 122,00 [[chiliometrum quadratum|km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;]]
* [[Numerus incolarum]] urbis || 10&amp;thinsp;918 ''&lt;small&gt;([[2003]])&lt;/small&gt;''
* [[Numerus incolarum]] municipii || 15&amp;thinsp; 909 ''&lt;small&gt;([[2003]])&lt;/small&gt;''
* [[Spissitudo incolarum]] municipii || 130,40 ''&lt;small&gt;([[2003]])&lt;/small&gt;''
* [[Numerus cursualis]] || 86000
* [[Praefixum telephonicum]] ||	+382 33
* [[ISO 3166-2]] || ME-05
* [[Nota autocineti]] || Targa:	BD

== Geographia ==
* [[Dalmatia]] (''terra'')

== Ecclesia Catholica Romana ==
Budua fuit [[sedes episcopalis]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]] et hodie [[Sedes Titularis Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae|Sedes Titularis]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]]. Nomen sedis episcopalis [[Dioecesis Buduanensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;CathHier&quot; /&gt; est.

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

{{NexInt}}
* [[Mons Niger|Montem Nigrum]] (''civitatem''),

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Budva|Butuam}}
{{fontes geographici}}
* [http://www.budva.me/ Proprius municipii situs interretialis] {{Ling|Croatice}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20210211024052/http://www.budva.com/ Situs periegesis] {{Ling|Serbocroatice}}

== Pinacotheca ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Fasciculus:Budva-Position.PNG|Collocatio municipii in Montis Nigri.
Fasciculus:Budva-grb.gif|Butuae Insigne.
Fasciculus:Flag of Budva, Montenegro.svg|Butuae Vexillum.
Fasciculus:Beach Slovenska, in Budva, 5a.jpg|Despectus in urbem.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

{{urbs-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Butua| ]]
[[Categoria:Urbes Sedes episcopales titulares Montis Nigri]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Turma Pedilusoria Nationalis Italica</title>
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      <comment>Italiae exercitatores Iunii 2026.</comment>
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      <text bytes="6617" sha1="2goel2m9s93mykk793ipxos8jbyh5k4" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Logo Italy National Football Team - 2023.svg|thumb|upright=1|Turmae Pedilusoriae Nationalis Italicae [[logotypus]].]]

'''Turma Pedilusoria Nationalis Italica''' ([[Italiane]] ''Nazionale italiana di calcio'') est virilis [[pediludium|pediludii]] turma nationalis [[Italia]]e, anno [[1910]] condita. Primum contra [[Turma Pedilusoria Nationalis Francica|Turmam Pedilusoriam Nationalem Francicam]] [[Mediolanum|Mediolani]] die [[15 Maii]] [[1910]] lusit, vincens 6-2. Haec turma, cuius lusores ''azzurri'' ('[[caeruleus|caerulei]]') appellantur, quater [[Certamen Mundanum Pedilusorium|Certamina Mundana Pedilusoria]] vicit ([[Certamen Mundanum Pedilusorium (1934)|1934]], [[Certamen Mundanum Pedilusorium (1938)|1938]], [[Certamen Mundanum Pedilusorium (1982)|1982]], [[Certamen Mundanum Pedilusorium (2006)|2006]]), et solum annis [[Certamen Mundanum Pedilusorium (1930)|1930]], [[Certamen Mundanum Pedilusorium (1958)|1958]], [[Certamen mundanum pedilusorium (2018)|2018]], [[Certamen Mundanum Pedilusorium (2022)|2022]] et [[Certamen Mundanum Pedilusorium (2026)|2026]] certaminibus mundanis non interfuit. A die [[3 Iunii]] [[2026]] (propter [[Ianuarius Gattuso|Ianuarii Gattuso]] salutationem), praesens pedilusorium [[exercitator]] [[Silvius Baldini]] est.

== Lusores ==
Hi pedilusores ob anni [[2026]] lusiones [[Amicalis|amicabiles]] (die [[3 Iunii]] contra [[Turma Pedilusoria Nationalis Luxemburgensis|Luxemburgum]] et die [[7 Iunii]] contra [[Turma Pediludica Nationalis Graeca|Graeciam]]) appellantur.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!&lt;abbr&gt;Positio&lt;/abbr&gt;
!Pedilusor
!Societas
|-
|P
![[Ioannes Ludovicus Donnarumma]] &lt;small&gt;''(capitanus)''&lt;/small&gt;
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of England.svg|20x20px]] [[Manchester City Football Club]]
|-
|P
![[Ioannes Daffara]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[US Avellino]]
|-
|P
![[Laurentius Palmisani]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[Frosinone Calcio]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |
----
|-
|D
![[Marcus Palestra]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[Cagliari Calcio]]
|-
|D
![[Honestus Ahanor]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[Atalanta BC]]
|-
|D
![[David Bartesaghi]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[AC Milan]]
|-
|D
![[Fabius Chiarodia]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Germany.svg|20x20px]] [[Borussia Verein für Leibesübungen 1900 Mönchengladbach]]
|-
|D
![[Petrus Comuzzo]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[Associatio Pediludii Florentiae Florentina]]
|-
|D
![[Constantinus Favasuli]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[US Catanzaro]]
|-
|D
![[Nicolaus Fortini]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[Associatio Pediludii Florentiae Florentina]]
|-
|D
![[Gabriel Guarino]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[Turma Pedilusoria Empolis]]
|-
|D
![[Philippus Mané]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Germany.svg|20x20px]] [[Ballspielverein Borussia 09 Dortmund]]
|-
|D
![[Lucas Reggiani]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Germany.svg|20x20px]] [[Ballspielverein Borussia 09 Dortmund]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |
----
|-
|M
![[Nicolaus Pisilli]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[AS Roma]]
|-
|M
![[Thomas Berti]] 
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[Cesena FC]]
|-
|M
![[Matthaeus Dagasso]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[Venezia FC]]
|-
|M
![[Iacobus Faticanti]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[Juventus Next Gen]]
|-
|M
![[Lucas Lipani]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[US Sassuolo Calcio]]
|-
|M
![[Carus Ndour]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[Associatio Pediludii Florentiae Florentina]]
|-
|M
![[Laurentius Venturino]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[AS Roma]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |
----
|-
|O
![[Pius Esposito]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[FC Internazionale Milano]]
|-
|O
![[Franciscus Camarda]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[US Lecce]]
|-
|O
![[Ludovicus Cherubini (pedilusor)|Ludovicus Cherubini]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[UC Sampdoria]]
|-
|O
![[Galfridus Ekhator]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[Genoa Cricket and Football Club]]
|-
|O
![[Seydou Fini]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[Frosinone Calcio]]
|-
|O
![[Samuel Inácio]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Germany.svg|20x20px]] [[Ballspielverein Borussia 09 Dortmund]]
|-
|O
![[Lucas Koleosho]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of France.svg|20x20px]] [[Paris Football Club]]
|-
|O
![[Dominicus Vavassori]]
| [[Fasciculus:Flag of Italy.svg|20x20px]] [[Atalanta BC]]
|}

== Exercitatores ==
Turmae [[exercitator]]es ([[Italia]]e ''Commissari Tecnici'' vel simpliciter ''C.T.'' appellati) usque ad [[1960]] a collegio foederato stipati erant: ab hoc tempore usque ad hodie, solum [[Helenius Herrera]] exercitator non Italicus fuit.  
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!Exercitator
!Anni
|-
|''Collegium foederatum''
|1910–1912
|-
|[[Victorius Pozzo]]
|1912
|-
|''Collegium foederatum''
|1912–1924
|-
|[[Victorius Pozzo]]
|1924
|-
|''Collegium foederatum''
|1924–1925
|-
|[[Augustus Rangone]]
|1925–1928
|-
|[[Carolus Carcano]]
|1928–1929
|-
|[[Victorius Pozzo]]
|1929–1948
|-
|''Collegium foederatum''
|1949–1959
|-
|[[Iosephus Viani]]
|1960
|-
|[[Ioannes Ferrari]]
|1960–1961
|-
|[[Ioannes Ferrari]] et [[Paulus Mazza]]
|1962
|-
|[[Edmundus Fabbri]]
|1962–1966
|-
|{{flagicon|Argentina|}} [[Helenius Herrera]] et [[Ferruccius Valcareggi]]
|1966–1967
|-
|[[Ferruccius Valcareggi]]
|1967–1974
|-
|[[Fulvius Bernardini]]
|1974–1975
|-
|[[Fulvius Bernardini]] et [[Aentius Bearzot]]
|1975–1977
|-
|[[Aentius Bearzot]]
|1977–1986
|-
|[[Axelius Vicini]]
|1986–1991
|-
|[[Henricus Sacchi]]
|1991–1996
|-
|[[Caesar Maldini]]
|1996–1998
|-
|[[Dinus Zoff]]
|1998–2000
|-
|[[Ioannes Trapattoni]]
|2000–2004
|-
|[[Marcellus Lippi]]
|2004–2006
|-
|[[Robertus Donadoni]]
|2006–2008
|-
|[[Marcellus Lippi]]
|2008–2010
|-
|[[Caesar Prandelli]]
|2010–2014
|-
|[[Antonius Conte]]
|2014–2016
|-
|[[Ioannes Petrus Ventura]]
|2016–2017
|-
|[[Ludovicus Di Biagio]] (ad interim)
|2018
|-
|[[Robertus Mancini]]
|2018–2023
|-
|[[Lucianus Spalletti]]
|2023–2025
|-
|[[Ianuarius Gattuso]]
|2025–2026
|-
|[[Silvius Baldini]] (ad interim)
|2026–
|}

== Turmae rivalitates contentionesque ==
{{Pagina principalis|Rivalitates Turmae Pedilusoriae Nationalis Italicae}}

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Italy national football team|Turmam Pedilusoriam Nationalem Italicam}}
* [http://www.figc.it/ Societatis pedilusoriae Italicae paginae interretiales]  {{Ling|Italice|Anglice}}

{{stipula}}

[[Categoria:Pediludium italicum]]
[[Categoria:Turmae Nationales Pediludii|Italia]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Brett Emerton</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="779" sha1="18nkyvtnmnb6ab0zzsz3l2wxeh2aqnl" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus: Brett Emerton.jpg |thumb|200 px|Brett Emerton]]
''' Brett Emerton''' (([[Sydneium|Sydneii]] natus accurate in regione urbana ''[[Bankstown]]'' die [[22 Februarii]] [[1979]]) est [[pedilusor]] [[Australia]]nus qui inter alia cum turmis [[Sydney Olympic]]  et ''[[Feyennoord Rotterdam]]'' lusit. Nunc ad gregem ''[[Black Burn Rovers]]'' pertinet sed etiam [[Turma Pediludica Nationalis Australiana|Turmae Pediludicae Nationalis Australianae]] lusor est.
== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Brett Emerton|Brett Emerton}}
* [http://de.eurosport.yahoo.com/fussball/brett-emerton.html Pedilusoris statisticae]{{Nexus deficit|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
{{bio-stipula}}
{{Lifetime|1984||Emerton, Brett}}

[[Categoria:Pedilusores Australiae]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana</title>
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[[Fasciculus:Metrô SP.svg|300px|thumb|Ferriviae Subterraneae Sancti Pauli tabula]]
'''Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana''' sive '''Ferrivia Subterranea Paulopolitana''' ([[Lingua Lusitana|Lusitanice]] ''Metropolitano de São Paulo'' et ''Metrô de São Paulo,'' appellata ''Metrô'') est [[Urbs Paulistana|Urbis Paulistanae]] [[ferrivia metropolitana]] subterranea et superterranea. Prima via constructa est anno [[1972]], et operatio commercialis anno [[1974]] coepit. Hodie, Ferrivia Subterranea Paulipolitana in quinque lineis consistit.&lt;!--

== Historia ==
--&gt;

== Lineae ==
{{div col|2}}
=== [[Linea 1 (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Linea 1 - Caerulea]] ===
* [[Tucuruvi (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Tucuruvi]]
* [[Pausa Anglica (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Pausa Anglica]]
* [[Hortus Sancti Pauli (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Hortus Sancti Pauli]]
* [[Sancta Anna (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sancta Anna]]
* [[Carandiru (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Carandiru]]
* [[Portuguesa-Tiete (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Portuguesa-Tiete]]
* [[Armenia (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Armenia]]
* [[Tiradentes (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Tiradentes]]
* [[Lux (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Lux]]
* [[Sanctus Benedictus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanctus Benedictus]]
* [[Sedes (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sedes]]
* [[Iaponia-Libertas (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Iaponia-Libertas]]
* [[Sanctus Ioachim (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanctus Ioachim]]
* [[Vergueiro (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Vergueiro]]
* [[Paradisus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Paradisus]]
* [[Anna Rosa (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Anna Rosa]]
* [[Villa Marianna (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Marianna]]
* [[Sancta Crux (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sancta Crux]]
* [[Platea Arboris (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Platea Arboris]]
* [[Sanitas (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanitas]]
* [[Sanctus Iudas (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanctus Iudas]]
* [[Conceptio (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Conceptio]]
* [[Iabaquara (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Iabaquara]]

=== [[Linea 2 (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Linea 2 - Viridis]] ===
* [[Villa Magdalena (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Magdalena]]
* [[Sanctuarium Nostrae Dominae Fatimae-Sumare (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanctuarium Nostrae Dominae Fatimae-Sumare]]
* [[Clinicae (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Clinicae]]
* [[Consolatio (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Consolatio]]
* [[Trianonium-Masp (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Trianonium-Masp]]
* [[Brigadeiro (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Brigadeiro]]
* [[Paradisus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Paradisus]]
* [[Anna Rosa (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Anna Rosa]]
* [[Chacara Klabin (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Chacara Klabin]]
* [[Santos-Immigrantes (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Santos-Immigrantes]]
* [[Altum Ipirangae (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Altum Ipirangae]]
* [[Saccoman (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Saccoman]]
* [[Tamanduatei (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Tamanduatei]]
* [[Villa Prudentius (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Prudentius]]

=== [[Linea 3 (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Linea 3 - Rubra]] ===
* [[Lapa (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulipolitana)|Lapa]]
* [[Palmeiras-Barra Funda (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Palmeiras-Barra Funda]]
* [[Martialis Deodorus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Martialis Deodorus]]
* [[Sancta Caecilia (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sancta Caecilia]]
* [[Res publica (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Res publica]]
* [[Anhangabau (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Anhangabau]]
* [[Sedes (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sedes]]
* [[Petrus II (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Petrus II]]
* [[Blasius (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Blasius]]
* [[Bresser-Mooca (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Bresser-Mooca]]
* [[Bethleem (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Bethleem]]
* [[Tatuape (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Tatuape]]
* [[Carrão (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Carrão]]
* [[Penha (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Penha]]
* [[Villa Mathilda (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Mathilda]]
* [[Gulielmina-Sperantia (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Gulielmina-Sperantia]]
* [[Patriarcha-Villa Re (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Patriarcha-Villa Re]]
* [[Arthurus Alvim (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Arthurus Alvim]]
* [[Corinthians-Itaquera (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Corinthians-Itaquera]]

=== [[Linea 4 (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Linea 4 - Flava]] ===
* [[Lux (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Lux]]
* [[Res publica (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Res publica]]
* [[Hygienopolis-Mackenzie (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Hygienopolis-Mackenzie]]
* [[Paulistana (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Paulistana]]
* [[Anscharius Freire (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Anscharius Freire]]
* [[Fredericus Coutinho (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Fredericus Coutinho]]
* [[Faria Lima (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Faria Lima]]
* [[Piniaria (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Piniaria]]
* [[Butantan (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Butantan]]
* [[São Paulo-Morumbi (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|São Paulo-Morumbi]]
* [[Villa Sonia (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Sonia]]

=== [[Linea 5 (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Linea 5 - Liliacea]] ===
* [[Capo Rotundus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Capo Rotundus]]
* [[Campus Limpidus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Campus Limpidus]]
* [[Villa Pulchritudinum (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Pulchritudinum]]
* [[Ioannes Gronchi (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Ioannes Gronchi]]
* [[Sanctus Maurus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanctus Maurus]]
* [[Platea Tridecim (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Platea Tridecim]]
* [[Adolphus Pinheiro (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Adolphus Pinheiro]]
* [[Altum Bonae Vistae (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Altum Bonae Vistae]]
* [[Borba Gato (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Borba Gato]]
* [[Brooklinium (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Brooklinium]]
* [[Campus Bellus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Campus Bellus]]
* [[Eucalypti (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Eucalypti]]
* [[Moema (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Moema]]
* [[AACD-Servitor (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|AACD-Servitor]]
* [[Hospitalis Sancti Pauli (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Hospitalis Sancti Pauli]]
* [[Sancta Crux (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sancta Crux]]
* [[Chacara Klabin (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Chacara Klabin]]

=== [[Linea 15 (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Linea 15 - Argentum]] ===
* [[Villa Prudentius (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Prudentius]]
* [[Oratorium (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Oratorium]]
* [[Sanctus Lucas (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanctus Lucas]]
* [[Camillus Haddad (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Camillus Haddad]]
* [[Villa Tolstoi (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Tolstoi]]
* [[Villa Unio (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Unio]]
* [[Hortus Altiplanum (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Hortus Altiplanum]]
* [[Sapopemba (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sapopemba]]
* [[Firma Iutae (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Firma Iutae]]
* [[Sanctus Matthaeus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanctus Matthaeus]]
* [[Hortus Colonialis (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Hortus Colonialis]]
{{div col end}}

{{NexInt}}
* [[ViaQuatro]]
* [[ViaMobilidade Lineae 5 et 17]]
* [[ViaMobilidade Lineae 8 et 9]]
* [[Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos|CPTM]]

== Nexus externi ==
{{communiaCat|São Paulo Metro|Ferriviam Subterraneam Paulopolitanam}}
* [http://www.metro.sp.gov.br/ Pagina publica] 

[[Categoria:Ferriviae metropolitanae|Paulopolitana]]
[[Categoria:Paulopolis]]
[[Categoria:Opera terrestria Brasiliae]]</text>
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[[Fasciculus:Metrô SP.svg|300px|thumb|Ferriviae Subterraneae Sancti Pauli tabula]]
'''Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana''' sive '''Ferrivia Subterranea Paulopolitana''' ([[Lingua Lusitana|Lusitanice]] ''Metropolitano de São Paulo'' et ''Metrô de São Paulo,'' appellata ''Metrô'') est [[Urbs Paulistana|Urbis Paulistanae]] [[ferrivia metropolitana]] subterranea et superterranea. Prima via constructa est anno [[1972]], et operatio commercialis anno [[1974]] coepit. Hodie, Ferrivia Subterranea Paulipolitana in quinque lineis consistit.&lt;!--

== Historia ==
--&gt;

== Lineae ==
{{div col|2}}
=== [[Linea 1 (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Linea 1 - Caerulea]] ===
* [[Tucuruvi (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Tucuruvi]]
* [[Pausa Anglica (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Pausa Anglica]]
* [[Hortus Sancti Pauli (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Hortus Sancti Pauli]]
* [[Sancta Anna (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sancta Anna]]
* [[Carandiru (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Carandiru]]
* [[Portuguesa-Tiete (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Portuguesa-Tiete]]
* [[Armenia (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Armenia]]
* [[Tiradentes (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Tiradentes]]
* [[Lux (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Lux]]
* [[Sanctus Benedictus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanctus Benedictus]]
* [[Sedes (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sedes]]
* [[Iaponia-Libertas (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Iaponia-Libertas]]
* [[Sanctus Ioachim (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanctus Ioachim]]
* [[Vergueiro (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Vergueiro]]
* [[Paradisus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Paradisus]]
* [[Anna Rosa (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Anna Rosa]]
* [[Villa Marianna (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Marianna]]
* [[Sancta Crux (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sancta Crux]]
* [[Platea Arboris (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Platea Arboris]]
* [[Sanitas (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanitas]]
* [[Sanctus Iudas (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanctus Iudas]]
* [[Conceptio (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Conceptio]]
* [[Iabaquara (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Iabaquara]]

=== [[Linea 2 (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Linea 2 - Viridis]] ===
* [[Villa Magdalena (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Magdalena]]
* [[Sanctuarium Nostrae Dominae Fatimae-Sumare (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanctuarium Nostrae Dominae Fatimae-Sumare]]
* [[Clinicae (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Clinicae]]
* [[Consolatio (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Consolatio]]
* [[Trianonium-Masp (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Trianonium-Masp]]
* [[Brigadeiro (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Brigadeiro]]
* [[Paradisus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Paradisus]]
* [[Anna Rosa (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Anna Rosa]]
* [[Chacara Klabin (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Chacara Klabin]]
* [[Santos-Immigrantes (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Santos-Immigrantes]]
* [[Altum Ipirangae (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Altum Ipirangae]]
* [[Saccoman (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Saccoman]]
* [[Tamanduatei (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Tamanduatei]]
* [[Villa Prudentius (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Prudentius]]

=== [[Linea 3 (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Linea 3 - Rubra]] ===
* [[Lapa (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulipolitana)|Lapa]]
* [[Aqua Alba (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulipolitana)|Aqua Alba]]
* [[Palmeiras-Barra Funda (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Palmeiras-Barra Funda]]
* [[Martialis Deodorus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Martialis Deodorus]]
* [[Sancta Caecilia (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sancta Caecilia]]
* [[Res publica (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Res publica]]
* [[Anhangabau (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Anhangabau]]
* [[Sedes (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sedes]]
* [[Petrus II (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Petrus II]]
* [[Blasius (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Blasius]]
* [[Bresser-Mooca (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Bresser-Mooca]]
* [[Bethleem (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Bethleem]]
* [[Tatuape (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Tatuape]]
* [[Carrão (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Carrão]]
* [[Penha (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Penha]]
* [[Villa Mathilda (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Mathilda]]
* [[Gulielmina-Sperantia (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Gulielmina-Sperantia]]
* [[Patriarcha-Villa Re (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Patriarcha-Villa Re]]
* [[Arthurus Alvim (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Arthurus Alvim]]
* [[Corinthians-Itaquera (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Corinthians-Itaquera]]

=== [[Linea 4 (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Linea 4 - Flava]] ===
* [[Lux (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Lux]]
* [[Res publica (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Res publica]]
* [[Hygienopolis-Mackenzie (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Hygienopolis-Mackenzie]]
* [[Paulistana (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Paulistana]]
* [[Anscharius Freire (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Anscharius Freire]]
* [[Fredericus Coutinho (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Fredericus Coutinho]]
* [[Faria Lima (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Faria Lima]]
* [[Piniaria (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Piniaria]]
* [[Butantan (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Butantan]]
* [[São Paulo-Morumbi (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|São Paulo-Morumbi]]
* [[Villa Sonia (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Sonia]]

=== [[Linea 5 (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Linea 5 - Liliacea]] ===
* [[Capo Rotundus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Capo Rotundus]]
* [[Campus Limpidus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Campus Limpidus]]
* [[Villa Pulchritudinum (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Pulchritudinum]]
* [[Ioannes Gronchi (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Ioannes Gronchi]]
* [[Sanctus Maurus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanctus Maurus]]
* [[Platea Tridecim (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Platea Tridecim]]
* [[Adolphus Pinheiro (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Adolphus Pinheiro]]
* [[Altum Bonae Vistae (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Altum Bonae Vistae]]
* [[Borba Gato (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Borba Gato]]
* [[Brooklinium (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Brooklinium]]
* [[Campus Bellus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Campus Bellus]]
* [[Eucalypti (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Eucalypti]]
* [[Moema (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Moema]]
* [[AACD-Servitor (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|AACD-Servitor]]
* [[Hospitalis Sancti Pauli (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Hospitalis Sancti Pauli]]
* [[Sancta Crux (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sancta Crux]]
* [[Chacara Klabin (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Chacara Klabin]]

=== [[Linea 15 (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Linea 15 - Argentum]] ===
* [[Villa Prudentius (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Prudentius]]
* [[Oratorium (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Oratorium]]
* [[Sanctus Lucas (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanctus Lucas]]
* [[Camillus Haddad (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Camillus Haddad]]
* [[Villa Tolstoi (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Tolstoi]]
* [[Villa Unio (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Villa Unio]]
* [[Hortus Altiplanum (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Hortus Altiplanum]]
* [[Sapopemba (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sapopemba]]
* [[Firma Iutae (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Firma Iutae]]
* [[Sanctus Matthaeus (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Sanctus Matthaeus]]
* [[Hortus Colonialis (Ferrivia Metropolitana Paulopolitana)|Hortus Colonialis]]
{{div col end}}

{{NexInt}}
* [[ViaQuatro]]
* [[ViaMobilidade Lineae 5 et 17]]
* [[ViaMobilidade Lineae 8 et 9]]
* [[Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos|CPTM]]

== Nexus externi ==
{{communiaCat|São Paulo Metro|Ferriviam Subterraneam Paulopolitanam}}
* [http://www.metro.sp.gov.br/ Pagina publica] 

[[Categoria:Ferriviae metropolitanae|Paulopolitana]]
[[Categoria:Paulopolis]]
[[Categoria:Opera terrestria Brasiliae]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Canalis Foroclodiensis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>117313</id>
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{{Capsa urbis Vicidata}}
[[Fasciculus:Acquedotto Monterano 2013.JPG|thumb|Canalis Foroclodiensis]]
'''Canalis Foroclodiensis''' vel '''Canalis Manturanensis''' (alia nomina: ''Canalis Manturani'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Canale Monterano|Canale Monterano]]'') est [[oppidum]] et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]] [[Italia]]e, circiter 4&amp;thinsp;250 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Latium|Latio]] et in [[Urbs metropolitana Romae Capitis|Urbe metropolitana Romae Capitis]] situm. Incolae ''Foroclodienses''&lt;ref name=&quot;CathHier&quot;&gt;{{CathHierDiocese|2f38|Dioecesis Foroclodiensis}}}&lt;/ref&gt; vel ''Manturanenses''&lt;ref name=&quot;CathHier&quot; /&gt; appellantur.

== Insigne ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]''
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Clari cives ==
== Ecclesia Catholica Romana ==
Forum Clodii vel Manturanum fuit [[sedes episcopalis]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]] et hodie [[Sedes Titularis Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae|Sedes Titularis]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]]. Nomen sedis episcopalis [[Dioecesis Foroclodiensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;CathHier&quot; /&gt; deinde [[Dioecesis Manturanensis]] est. Hodie municipium Canalis Foroclodiensis in [[Dioecesis Civitatis Castellanae|Dioecese Civitatis Castellanae]] est.

== Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio ==
=== Fractiones ===
''Bagni di Stigliano, Castel Donato, Eremo, La Piana, Montevirginio''.

=== Urbes antiquae in Municipio Foroclodiensi ===
* [[Forum Clodii (Italia)]]&lt;ref name=&quot;CathHier&quot; /&gt; ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Forum Clodii|Forum Clodii]]'') situs archelologicus,
* [[Manturanum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;CathHier&quot; /&gt; ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Monterano|Monterano]]'').

== Municipia finitima ==
* [[Auriolum (Latium)|Auriolum]] ([[Provincia Viterbiensis|VT]]),
* [[Mantiana]],
* [[Tulphae]],
* [[Vianum (Latium)|Vianum]] ([[Provincia Viterbiensis|VT]]).

{{NexInt}}
* [[Latium]] (''regio''),
* [[Urbs metropolitana Romae Capitis|Urbem metropolitanam Romae Capitis]],
* [[Provincia Romana|Provinciam Romanam]] (''provincia abrogata''),
* [[Roma]]m (''urbs''),
* [[Municipium Italiae]].

== Nexus externi ==
* [http://www.tecuting2.it/c058016/hh/index.php?x=696749e0fc32fdbafebdf0efdab2141c Situs publicus]{{Nexus deficit|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
{{CommuniaCat|Canale Monterano|Canalem Foroclodiensem}}

== Pinacotheca ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Imago:Canale monterano.jpg|Despectus in Manturanum.
Imago:Acquedotto Monterano.JPG|[[Aquae ductus]] Manturanensis
Imago:Monterano cascata cascata della Diosilla.jpg|
Image:Map of comune of Canale Monterano (province of Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Urbe metropolitana Romae Capitis.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Canalis Foroclodiensis| ]]</text>
      <sha1>a0zuco3yb9oqt1qh8uxrvaxzmop8uky</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Index communium praefecturae Vosegi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>123776</id>
    <revision>
      <id>3964231</id>
      <parentid>3964165</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T13:41:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pippobuono</username>
        <id>54500</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>nomen latine</comment>
      <origin>3964231</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21982" sha1="tri8bc5ljtpxnhvooa6k3lnirbtmrpy" xml:space="preserve">Hic est index [[commune|communium]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] praefecturae [[Francia|Francicae]], cui subsunt communia 515 numero.

[[Fasciculus:Vosges-Position.png|thumb|Situs praefecturae]]
[[Fasciculus: Senones vu du Petit Paris.jpg|thumb|Despectus in ''[[ Senones ]]'']]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]]
! [[Numerus cursualis]]
! [[Commune]]
|-
| 88001
| 88270
| [[Les Ableuvenettes]]
|- 
| 88002
| 88500
| [[Ahéville]]
|- 
| 88003
| 88140
| [[Aingeville]]
|- 
| 88004
| 88320
| [[Ainvelle (Vosegus)|Ainvelle]]
|- 
| 88005
| 88110
| [[Allarmont]]
|- 
| 88006
| 88500
| [[Ambacuria]]
|- 
| 88007
| 88410
| [[Ameuvelle]]
|- 
| 88008
| 88700
| [[Anglemont]]
|- 
| 88009
| 88650
| [[Anould]]
|- 
| 88010
| 88170
| [[Aouze]]
|- 
| 88011
| 88380
| [[Arches (Vosegus)|Arches]]
|- 
| 88012
| 88380
| [[Archettes]]
|- 
| 88013
| 88170
| [[Aroffe]]
|- 
| 88014
| 88430
| [[Arrentès-de-Corcieux]]
|- 
| 88015
| 88300
| [[Attignéville]]
|- 
| 88016
| 88260
| [[Attigny (Vosegus)|Attigny]]
|- 
| 88017
| 88300
| [[Aulnois]]
|- 
| 88018
| 88640
| [[Aumontzey]]
|- 
| 88019
| 88300
| [[Autigny-la-Tour]]
|- 
| 88020
| 88300
| [[Autreville (Vosegus)|Autreville]]
|- 
| 88021
| 88700
| [[Autrey (Vosegus)|Autrey]]
|- 
| 88022
| 88140
| [[Auzainvilliers]]
|- 
| 88023
| 88500
| [[Avillers (Vosegus)|Avillers]]
|- 
| 88024
| 88130
| [[Avrainville (Vosegus)|Avrainville]]
|- 
| 88025
| 88630
| [[Avranville]]
|- 
| 88026
| 88600
| [[Aydoilles]]
|- 
| 88027
| 88330
| [[Badménil-aux-Bois]]
|- 
| 88028
| 88460
| [[La Baffe]]
|- 
| 88029
| 88240
| [[Bains-les-Bains]]
|- 
| 88030
| 88270
| [[Bainville-aux-Saules]]
|- 
| 88031
| 88170
| [[Balléville]]
|- 
| 88032
| 88520
| [[Ban-de-Laveline]]
|- 
| 88033
| 88210
| [[Ban-de-Sapt]]
|- 
| 88106
| 88230
| [[Ban-sur-Meurthe-Clefcy]]
|- 
| 88035
| 88640
| [[Barbey-Seroux]]
|- 
| 88036
| 88300
| [[Barville (Vosegus)|Barville]]
|- 
| 88037
| 88120
| [[Basse-sur-le-Rupt]]
|- 
| 88038
| 88130
| [[Battexey]]
|- 
| 88039
| 88500
| [[Baudricourt]]
|- 
| 88040
| 88150
| [[Bayecourt]]
|- 
| 88041
| 88270
| [[Bazegney]]
|- 
| 88042
| 88700
| [[Bazien]]
|- 
| 88043
| 88500
| [[Bazoilles-et-Ménil]]
|- 
| 88044
| 88300
| [[Bazoilles-sur-Meuse]]
|- 
| 88045
| 88300
| [[Beaufremont]]
|- 
| 88046
| 88600
| [[Beauménil]]
|- 
| 88047
| 88270
| [[Begnécourt]]
|- 
| 88048
| 88370
| [[Bellefontaine (Vosegus)|Bellefontaine]]
|- 
| 88049
| 88260
| [[Belmont-lès-Darney]]
|- 
| 88050
| 88600
| [[Belmont-sur-Buttant]]
|- 
| 88051
| 88800
| [[Belmont-sur-Vair]]
|- 
| 88052
| 88260
| [[Belrupt]]
|- 
| 88053
| 88210
| [[Belval (Vosegus)|Belval]]
|- 
| 88054
| 88520
| [[Bertrimoutier]]
|- 
| 88055
| 88450
| [[Bettegney-Saint-Brice]]
|- 
| 88056
| 88500
| [[Bettoncourt]]
|- 
| 88057
| 88490
| [[Le Beulay]]
|- 
| 88058
| 88170
| [[Biécourt]]
|- 
| 88059
| 88430
| [[Biffontaine]]
|- 
| 88060
| 88500
| [[Blémerey (Vosegus)|Blémerey]]
|- 
| 88061
| 88410
| [[Bleurville]]
|- 
| 88062
| 88320
| [[Blevaincourt]]
|- 
| 88063
| 88270
| [[Bocquegney]]
|- 
| 88064
| 88600
| [[Bois-de-Champ]]
|- 
| 88065
| 88260
| [[Bonvillet]]
|- 
| 88066
| 88500
| [[Boulaincourt]]
|- 
| 88068
| 88470
| [[La Bourgonce]]
|- 
| 88069
| 88270
| [[Bouxières-aux-Bois]]
|- 
| 88070
| 88130
| [[Bouxurulles]]
|- 
| 88071
| 88270
| [[Bouzemont]]
|- 
| 88073
| 88130
| [[Brantigny]]
|- 
| 88074
| 88350
| [[Brechainville]]
|- 
| 88075
| 88250
| [[La Bresse]]
|- 
| 88076
| 88600
| [[Brouvelieures]]
|- 
| 88077
| 88700
| [[Brû]]
|- 
| 88078
| 88600
| [[Bruyères]]
|- 
| 88079
| 88140
| [[Boloniacivilla]]
|- 
| 88080
| 88700
| [[Bult]]
|- 
| 88081
| 88540
| [[Bussang]]
|- 
| 88082
| 88110
| [[Celles-sur-Plaine]]
|- 
| 88083
| 88300
| [[Certilleux]]
|- 
| 88084
| 88130
| [[Chamagne]]
|- 
| 88085
| 88640
| [[Champdray]]
|- 
| 88086
| 88600
| [[Ducis Campus|Champ-le-Duc]]
|- 
| 88087
| 88000
| [[Chantraine (commune)|Chantraine]]
|- 
| 88088
| 88240
| [[La Chapelle-aux-Bois]]
|- 
| 88089
| 88600
| [[La Chapelle-devant-Bruyères]]
|- 
| 88090
| 88130
| [[Carpinia]]
|- 
| 88091
| 88460
| [[Charmois-devant-Bruyères]]
|- 
| 88092
| 88270
| [[Charmois-l'Orgueilleux]]
|- 
| 88093
| 88210
| [[Châtas]]
|- 
| 88094
| 88330
| [[Châtel-sur-Moselle]]
|- 
| 88095
| 88170
| [[Châtenois (Vosegus)|Châtenois]]
|- 
| 88096
| 88410
| [[Châtillon-sur-Saône]]
|- 
| 88097
| 88500
| [[Chauffecourt]]
|- 
| 88098
| 88390
| [[Chaumousey]]
|- 
| 88099
| 88150
| [[Chavelot]]
|- 
| 88100
| 88500
| [[Chef-Haut]]
|- 
| 88101
| 88460
| [[Cheniménil]]
|- 
| 88102
| 88630
| [[Chermisey]]
|- 
| 88103
| 88270
| [[Circourt]]
|- 
| 88104
| 88300
| [[Circourt-sur-Mouzon]]
|- 
| 88105
| 88410
| [[Claudon]]
|- 
| 88107
| 88630
| [[Clérey-la-Côte]]
|- 
| 88108
| 88240
| [[Le Clerjus]]
|- 
| 88109
| 88120
| [[Cleurie]]
|- 
| 88110
| 88700
| [[Clézentaine]]
|- 
| 88111
| 88100
| [[Coinches]]
|- 
| 88112
| 88490
| [[Colroy-la-Grande]]
|- 
| 88113
| 88490
| [[Combrimont]]
|- 
| 88114
| 88140
| [[Gundrecivilla]]
|- 
| 88115
| 88430
| [[Corcieux]]
|- 
| 88116
| 88310
| [[Cornimont]]
|- 
| 88117
| 88170
| [[Courcelles-sous-Châtenois]]
|- 
| 88118
| 88630
| [[Coussey]]
|- 
| 88119
| 88140
| [[Crainvilliers]]
|- 
| 88120
| 88520
| [[La Croix-aux-Mines]]
|- 
| 88121
| 88330
| [[Damas-aux-Bois]]
|- 
| 88122
| 88270
| [[Damas-et-Bettegney]]
|- 
| 88123
| 88320
| [[Damblain]]
|- 
| 88124
| 88260
| [[Darney]]
|- 
| 88125
| 88170
| [[Darney-aux-Chênes]]
|- 
| 88126
| 88390
| [[Darnieulles]]
|- 
| 88127
| 88700
| [[Deinvillers]]
|- 
| 88128
| 88210
| [[Denipaire]]
|- 
| 88129
| 88270
| [[Derbamont]]
|- 
| 88130
| 88600
| [[Destord]]
|- 
| 88131
| 88600
| [[Deycimont]]
|- 
| 88132
| 88000
| [[Deyvillers]]
|- 
| 88133
| 88000
| [[Dignonville]]
|- 
| 88134
| 88000
| [[Dinozé]]
|- 
| 88135
| 88460
| [[Docelles]]
|- 
| 88136
| 88000
| [[Dogneville]]
|- 
| 88137
| 88170
| [[Dolaincourt]]
|- 
| 88138
| 88260
| [[Dombasle-devant-Darney]]
|- 
| 88139
| 88500
| [[Dombasle-en-Xaintois]]
|- 
| 88140
| 88140
| [[Dombrot-le-Sec]]
|- 
| 88141
| 88170
| [[Dombrot-sur-Vair]]
|- 
| 88144
| 88500
| [[Domèvre-sous-Montfort]]
|- 
| 88142
| 88390
| [[Domèvre-sur-Avière]]
|- 
| 88143
| 88330
| [[Domèvre-sur-Durbion]]
|- 
| 88145
| 88600
| [[Domfaing]]
|- 
| 88146
| 88800
| [[Domjulien]]
|- 
| 88147
| 88390
| [[Dommartin-aux-Bois]]
|- 
| 88148
| 88200
| [[Domnus Martinus (Romaricus Mons)]]
|- 
| 88149
| 88260
| [[Dommartin-lès-Vallois]]
|- 
| 88150
| 88170
| [[Dommartin-sur-Vraine]]
|- 
| 88151
| 88270
| [[Donoparium]]
|- 
| 88152
| 88600
| [[Dompierre (Vosegus)|Dompierre]]
|- 
| 88153
| 88700
| [[Domptail]]
|- 
| 88154
| 88630
| [[Domnum Remigium]]
|- 
| 88155
| 88500
| [[Domvallier]]
|- 
| 88156
| 88700
| [[Doncières]]
|- 
| 88157
| 88220
| [[Dounoux]]
|- 
| 88158
| 88510
| [[Éloyes]]
|- 
| 88159
| 88650
| [[Entre-deux-Eaux]]
|- 
| 88160
| 88000
| [[Spinalium]]
|- 
| 88161
| 88260
| [[Escles]]
|- 
| 88162
| 88260
| [[Esley]]
|- 
| 88163
| 88130
| [[Essegney]]
|- 
| 88164
| 88500
| [[Estrennes]]
|- 
| 88165
| 88480
| [[Étival-Clairefontaine]]
|- 
| 88166
| 88450
| [[Évaux-et-Ménil]]
|- 
| 88167
| 88460
| [[Faucompierre]]
|- 
| 88168
| 88700
| [[Fauconcourt]]
|- 
| 88169
| 88600
| [[Fays (Vosegus)|Fays]]
|- 
| 88170
| 88360
| [[Ferdrupt]]
|- 
| 88171
| 88410
| [[Fignévelle]]
|- 
| 88172
| 88600
| [[Fiménil]]
|- 
| 88173
| 88130
| [[Florémont]]
|- 
| 88174
| 88390
| [[Fomerey]]
|- 
| 88175
| 88600
| [[Fontenay (Vosegus)|Fontenay]]
|- 
| 88176
| 88240
| [[Fontenoy-le-Château]]
|- 
| 88177
| 88530
| [[La Forge (Vosegus)|La Forge]]
|- 
| 88178
| 88390
| [[Les Forges (Vosegus)|Les Forges]]
|- 
| 88179
| 88320
| [[Fouchécourt (Vosegus)|Fouchécourt]]
|- 
| 88180
| 88320
| [[Frain]]
|- 
| 88181
| 88230
| [[Fraize]]
|- 
| 88182
| 88490
| [[Frapelle]]
|- 
| 88183
| 88630
| [[Frebécourt]]
|- 
| 88184
| 88600
| [[Fremifontaine]]
|- 
| 88185
| 88500
| [[Frenelle-la-Grande]]
|- 
| 88186
| 88500
| [[Frenelle-la-Petite]]
|- 
| 88187
| 88270
| [[Frénois (Vosegus)|Frénois]]
|- 
| 88188
| 88160
| [[Fresse-sur-Moselle]]
|- 
| 88189
| 88350
| [[Fréville (Vosegus)|Fréville]]
|- 
| 88190
| 88440
| [[Frizon]]
|- 
| 88192
| 88270
| [[Gelvécourt-et-Adompt]]
|- 
| 88193
| 88520
| [[Gemaingoutte]]
|- 
| 88194
| 88170
| [[Gemmelaincourt]]
|- 
| 88195
| 88140
| [[Gendreville]]
|- 
| 88196
| 88400
| [[Gérardmer]]
|- 
| 88197
| 88120
| [[Gerbamont]]
|- 
| 88198
| 88430
| [[Gerbépal]]
|- 
| 88199
| 88320
| [[Gignéville]]
|- 
| 88200
| 88390
| [[Gigney]]
|- 
| 88201
| 88390
| [[Girancourt]]
|- 
| 88202
| 88500
| [[Gircourt-lès-Viéville]]
|- 
| 88203
| 88600
| [[Girecourt-sur-Durbion]]
|- 
| 88205
| 88340
| [[Girmont-Val-d'Ajol]]
|- 
| 88206
| 88170
| [[Gironcourt-sur-Vraine]]
|- 
| 88208
| 88410
| [[Godoncourt]]
|- 
| 88209
| 88190
| [[Golbey]]
|- 
| 88210
| 88270
| [[Gorhey]]
|- 
| 88212
| 88350
| [[Grand (Vosegus)|Grand]]
|- 
| 88213
| 88490
| [[La Grande-Fosse]]
|- 
| 88215
| 88210
| [[Grandrupt]]
|- 
| 88214
| 88240
| [[Grandrupt-de-Bains]]
|- 
| 88216
| 88600
| [[Grandvillers]]
|- 
| 88218
| 88640
| [[Granges-sur-Vologne]]
|- 
| 88219
| 88630
| [[Greux]]
|- 
| 88220
| 88410
| [[Grignoncourt]]
|- 
| 88221
| 88240
| [[Gruey-lès-Surance]]
|- 
| 88222
| 88600
| [[Gugnécourt]]
|- 
| 88223
| 88450
| [[Gugney-aux-Aulx]]
|- 
| 88224
| 88330
| [[Hadigny-les-Verrières]]
|- 
| 88225
| 88220
| [[Hadol]]
|- 
| 88226
| 88270
| [[Hagécourt]]
|- 
| 88227
| 88300
| [[Hagnéville-et-Roncourt]]
|- 
| 88228
| 88330
| [[Haillainville]]
|- 
| 88229
| 88300
| [[Harchéchamp]]
|- 
| 88230
| 88700
| [[Hardancourt]]
|- 
| 88231
| 88800
| [[Haréville]]
|- 
| 88232
| 88300
| [[Harmonville]]
|- 
| 88233
| 88270
| [[Harol]]
|- 
| 88234
| 88240
| [[Harsault]]
|- 
| 88235
| 88240
| [[Hautmougey]]
|- 
| 88236
| 88240
| [[La Haye (Vosegus)|La Haye]]
|- 
| 88237
| 88270
| [[Hennecourt]]
|- 
| 88238
| 88260
| [[Hennezel]]
|- 
| 88239
| 88130
| [[Hergugney]]
|- 
| 88240
| 88600
| [[Herpelmont]]
|- 
| 88241
| 88170
| [[Houécourt]]
|- 
| 88242
| 88300
| [[Houéville]]
|- 
| 88243
| 88700
| [[Housseras]]
|- 
| 88244
| 88430
| [[La Houssière]]
|- 
| 88245
| 88210
| [[Hurbache]]
|- 
| 88246
| 88500
| [[Hymont]]
|- 
| 88247
| 88150
| [[Igney (Vosegus)|Igney]]
|- 
| 88248
| 88320
| [[Isches]]
|- 
| 88249
| 88300
| [[Jainvillotte]]
|- 
| 88250
| 88550
| [[Jarménil]]
|- 
| 88251
| 88700
| [[Jeanménil]]
|- 
| 88252
| 88260
| [[Jésonville]]
|- 
| 88253
| 88000
| [[Jeuxey]]
|- 
| 88254
| 88500
| [[Jorxey]]
|- 
| 88255
| 88630
| [[Jubainville]]
|- 
| 88256
| 88640
| [[Jussarupt]]
|- 
| 88257
| 88500
| [[Juvaincourt]]
|- 
| 88258
| 88320
| [[Lamarche]]
|- 
| 88259
| 88300
| [[Landaville]]
|- 
| 88260
| 88130
| [[Langley (Vosegus)|Langley]]
|- 
| 88261
| 88600
| [[Laval-sur-Vologne]]
|- 
| 88262
| 88600
| [[Laveline-devant-Bruyères]]
|- 
| 88263
| 88640
| [[Laveline-du-Houx]]
|- 
| 88264
| 88270
| [[Légéville-et-Bonfays]]
|- 
| 88265
| 88300
| [[Lemmecourt]]
|- 
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]]
! [[Numerus cursualis]]
! [[Commune]]
|-
| 88266
| 88600
| [[Lépanges-sur-Vologne]]
|- 
| 88267
| 88260
| [[Lerrain]]
|- 
| 88268
| 88490
| [[Lesseux]]
|- 
| 88269
| 88400
| [[Liézey]]
|- 
| 88270
| 88350
| [[Liffol-le-Grand]]
|- 
| 88271
| 88800
| [[Lignéville]]
|- 
| 88272
| 88410
| [[Lironcourt]]
|- 
| 88273
| 88000
| [[Longchamp (Vosegus)|Longchamp]]
|- 
| 88274
| 88170
| [[Longchamp-sous-Châtenois]]
|- 
| 88275
| 88490
| [[Lubine]]
|- 
| 88276
| 88490
| [[Lusse]]
|- 
| 88277
| 88110
| [[Luvigny]]
|- 
| 88278
| 88170
| [[Maconcourt]]
|- 
| 88279
| 88270
| [[Madecourt]]
|- 
| 88280
| 88450
| [[Madegney]]
|- 
| 88281
| 88270
| [[Madonne-et-Lamerey]]
|- 
| 88282
| 88240
| [[Le Magny (Vosegus)|Le Magny]]
|- 
| 88283
| 88140
| [[Malaincourt]]
|- 
| 88284
| 88650
| [[Mandray]]
|- 
| 88285
| 88800
| [[Mandres-sur-Vair]]
|- 
| 88286
| 88130
| [[Marainville-sur-Madon]]
|- 
| 88287
| 88320
| [[Marey (Vosegus)|Marey]]
|- 
| 88288
| 88270
| [[Maroncourt]]
|- 
| 88289
| 88320
| [[Martigny-les-Bains]]
|- 
| 88290
| 88300
| [[Martigny-les-Gerbonvaux]]
|- 
| 88291
| 88410
| [[Martinvelle]]
|- 
| 88292
| 88500
| [[Mattaincourt]]
|- 
| 88293
| 88630
| [[Maxey-sur-Meuse]]
|- 
| 88294
| 88150
| [[Mazeley]]
|- 
| 88295
| 88500
| [[Mazirot]]
|- 
| 88296
| 88140
| [[Médonville]]
|- 
| 88297
| 88600
| [[Méménil]]
|- 
| 88298
| 88700
| [[Ménarmont]]
|- 
| 88302
| 88160
| [[Le Ménil]]
|- 
| 88300
| 88210
| [[Ménil-de-Senones]]
|- 
| 88299
| 88500
| [[Ménil-en-Xaintois]]
|- 
| 88301
| 88700
| [[Ménil-sur-Belvitte]]
|- 
| 88303
| 88630
| [[Midrevaux]]
|- 
| 88304
| 88500
| [[Mirecurtium]]
|- 
| 88305
| 88630
| [[Moncel-sur-Vair]]
|- 
| 88306
| 88210
| [[Le Mont]]
|- 
| 88309
| 88800
| [[Monthureux-le-Sec]]
|- 
| 88310
| 88410
| [[Monthureux-sur-Saône]]
|- 
| 88307
| 88320
| [[Mont-lès-Lamarche]]
|- 
| 88308
| 88300
| [[Mont-lès-Neufchâteau]]
|- 
| 88311
| 88240
| [[Montmotier]]
|- 
| 88312
| 88170
| [[Morelmaison]]
|- 
| 88313
| 88330
| [[Moriville]]
|- 
| 88314
| 88320
| [[Morizécourt]]
|- 
| 88315
| 88600
| [[Mortagne (Vosegus)|Mortagne]]
|- 
| 88316
| 88140
| [[Morville (Vosegus)|Morville]]
|- 
| 88317
| 88210
| [[Moussey (Vosegus)|Moussey]]
|- 
| 88318
| 88700
| [[Moyemont]]
|- 
| 88319
| 88420
| [[Moyenmoutier]]
|- 
| 88320
| 88100
| [[Nayemont-les-Fosses]]
|- 
| 88321
| 88300
| [[Neocastrum]]
|- 
| 88322
| 88600
| [[La Neuveville-devant-Lépanges]]
|- 
| 88324
| 88170
| [[La Neuveville-sous-Châtenois]]
|- 
| 88325
| 88800
| [[La Neuveville-sous-Montfort]]
|- 
| 88326
| 88100
| [[Neuvillers-sur-Fave]]
|- 
| 88327
| 88440
| [[Nomexy]]
|- 
| 88328
| 88470
| [[Nompatelize]]
|- 
| 88330
| 88260
| [[Nonville (Vosegus)|Nonville]]
|- 
| 88331
| 88600
| [[Nonzeville]]
|- 
| 88332
| 88800
| [[Norroy]]
|- 
| 88333
| 88700
| [[Nossoncourt]]
|- 
| 88334
| 88500
| [[Oëlleville]]
|- 
| 88335
| 88500
| [[Offroicourt]]
|- 
| 88336
| 88170
| [[Ollainville (Vosegus)|Ollainville]]
|- 
| 88338
| 88700
| [[Ortoncourt]]
|- 
| 88340
| 88700
| [[Padoux]]
|- 
| 88341
| 88100
| [[Pair-et-Grandrupt]]
|- 
| 88342
| 88330
| [[Pallegney]]
|- 
| 88343
| 88800
| [[Parey-sous-Montfort]]
|- 
| 88344
| 88350
| [[Pargny-sous-Mureau]]
|- 
| 88345
| 88490
| [[La Petite-Fosse]]
|- 
| 88346
| 88210
| [[La Petite-Raon]]
|- 
| 88347
| 88270
| [[Pierrefitte (Vosegus)|Pierrefitte]]
|- 
| 88348
| 88600
| [[Pierrepont-sur-l'Arentèle]]
|- 
| 88349
| 88230
| [[Plainfaing]]
|- 
| 88350
| 88170
| [[Pleuvezain]]
|- 
| 88351
| 88370
| [[Plumberae]]
|- 
| 88352
| 88300
| [[Pompierre]]
|- 
| 88353
| 88260
| [[Pont-lès-Bonfays]]
|- 
| 88354
| 88500
| [[Pont-sur-Madon]]
|- 
| 88355
| 88330
| [[Portieux]]
|- 
| 88356
| 88600
| [[Les Poulières]]
|- 
| 88357
| 88500
| [[Poussay]]
|- 
| 88358
| 88550
| [[Pouxeux]]
|- 
| 88359
| 88600
| [[Prey (Vosegus)|Prey]]
|- 
| 88360
| 88260
| [[Provenchères-lès-Darney]]
|- 
| 88361
| 88490
| [[Provenchères-sur-Fave]]
|- 
| 88362
| 88210
| [[Le Puid]]
|- 
| 88363
| 88630
| [[Punerot]]
|- 
| 88364
| 88500
| [[Puzieux (Vosegus)|Puzieux]]
|- 
| 88365
| 88270
| [[Racécourt]]
|- 
| 88366
| 88170
| [[Rainville (Vosegus)|Rainville]]
|- 
| 88367
| 88700
| [[Rambervillers]]
|- 
| 88368
| 88500
| [[Ramecourt (Vosegus)|Ramecourt]]
|- 
| 88369
| 88160
| [[Ramonchamp]]
|- 
| 88370
| 88270
| [[Rancourt (Vosegus)|Rancourt]]
|- 
| 88371
| 88220
| [[Raon-aux-Bois]]
|- 
| 88372
| 88110
| [[Raon-l'Étape]]
|- 
| 88373
| 88110
| [[Raon-sur-Plaine]]
|- 
| 88374
| 88130
| [[Rapey]]
|- 
| 88375
| 88520
| [[Raves (Vosegus)|Raves]]
|- 
| 88376
| 88300
| [[Rebeuville]]
|- 
| 88377
| 88410
| [[Regnévelle]]
|- 
| 88378
| 88450
| [[Regney]]
|- 
| 88379
| 88330
| [[Rehaincourt]]
|- 
| 88380
| 88640
| [[Rehaupal]]
|- 
| 88381
| 88260
| [[Relanges]]
|- 
| 88382
| 88500
| [[Remicourt (Vosegus)|Remicourt]]
|- 
| 88383
| 88200
| [[Romarici Mons]]
|- 
| 88386
| 88100
| [[Remomeix]]
|- 
| 88385
| 88800
| [[Remoncourt (Vosegus)|Remoncourt]]
|- 
| 88387
| 88170
| [[Removille]]
|- 
| 88388
| 88390
| [[Renauvoid]]
|- 
| 88389
| 88500
| [[Repel]]
|- 
| 88390
| 88320
| [[Robécourt]]
|- 
| 88391
| 88120
| [[Rochesson]]
|- 
| 88392
| 88320
| [[Rocourt (Vosegus)|Rocourt]]
|- 
| 88393
| 88300
| [[Rollainville]]
|- 
| 88394
| 88320
| [[Romain-aux-Bois]]
|- 
| 88395
| 88700
| [[Romont (Vosegus)|Romont]]
|- 
| 88398
| 88600
| [[Les Rouges-Eaux]]
|- 
| 88399
| 88460
| [[Le Roulier]]
|- 
| 88400
| 88500
| [[Rouvres-en-Xaintois]]
|- 
| 88401
| 88170
| [[Rouvres-la-Chétive]]
|- 
| 88402
| 88700
| [[Roville-aux-Chênes]]
|- 
| 88403
| 88500
| [[Rozerotte]]
|- 
| 88404
| 88320
| [[Rozières-sur-Mouzon]]
|- 
| 88406
| 88130
| [[Rugney]]
|- 
| 88407
| 88630
| [[Ruppes]]
|- 
| 88408
| 88360
| [[Rupt-sur-Moselle]]
|- 
| 88409
| 88120
| [[Saint-Amé]]
|- 
| 88411
| 88260
| [[Saint-Baslemont]]
|- 
| 88412
| 88700
| [[Saint-Benoît-la-Chipotte]]
|- 
| 88413
| 88100
| [[Sanctus Deodatus (urbs)|Sanctus Deodatus]]
|- 
| 88410
| 88700
| [[Sainte-Barbe (Vosegus)|Sainte-Barbe]]
|- 
| 88418
| 88700
| [[Sainte-Hélène (Vosegus)|Sainte-Hélène]]
|- 
| 88424
| 88100
| [[Sainte-Marguerite (Vosegus)|Sainte-Marguerite]]
|- 
| 88415
| 88200
| [[Saint-Étienne-lès-Remiremont]]
|- 
| 88416
| 88700
| [[Saint-Genest (Vosegus)|Saint-Genest]]
|- 
| 88417
| 88700
| [[Saint-Gorgon (Vosegus)|Saint-Gorgon]]
|- 
| 88419
| 88210
| [[Saint-Jean-d'Ormont]]
|- 
| 88421
| 88410
| [[Saint-Julien (Vosegus)|Saint-Julien]]
|- 
| 88423
| 88650
| [[Saint-Léonard (Vosegus)|Saint-Léonard]]
|- 
| 88425
| 88700
| [[Saint-Maurice-sur-Mortagne]]
|- 
| 88426
| 88560
| [[Saint-Maurice-sur-Moselle]]
|- 
| 88427
| 88170
| [[Saint-Menge]]
|- 
| 88428
| 88470
| [[Saint-Michel-sur-Meurthe]]
|- 
| 88429
| 88200
| [[Saint-Nabord]]
|- 
| 88430
| 88140
| [[Sanctus Audoenus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Audoenus]]
|- 
| 88431
| 88170
| [[Sanctus Paulus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Paulus]]
|- 
| 88432
| 88700
| [[Sanctus Petrimons]]
|- 
| 88433
| 88500
| [[Sanctus Pancratius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Pancratius]]
|- 
| 88434
| 88800
| [[Sancti Remigii Mons (Vosegus)|Sancti Remigii Mons]]
|- 
| 88435
| 88480
| [[Sanctus Remigius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Remigius]]
|- 
| 88436
| 88210
| [[Sanctus Stephanus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Stephanus]]
|- 
| 88437
| 88270
| [[Sanctus Valerius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Valerius]]
|- 
| 88438
| 88470
| [[La Salle (Vosegus)|La Salle]]
|- 
| 88439
| 88390
| [[Sanchey]]
|- 
| 88440
| 88170
| [[Sandaucuria]]
|- 
| 88441
| 88260
| [[Sans-Vallois]]
|- 
| 88442
| 88120
| [[Sapois (Vosegus)|Sapois]]
|- 
| 88443
| 88300
| [[Sartes]]
|- 
| 88444
| 88210
| [[Le Saulcy]]
|- 
| 88445
| 88580
| [[Salicetum (Vosegus)|Salicetum]]
|- 
| 88446
| 88140
| [[Salsurae (Vosegus)|Salsurae]]
|- 
| 88447
| 88290
| [[Salsuriae]]
|- 
| 88448
| 88140
| [[Seivilla]]
|- 
| 88449
| 88130
| [[Saviniacum (Vosegus)|Saviniacum]]
|- 
| 88450
| 88320
| [[Senagda]]
|- 
| 88451
| 88210
| [[Senonia (Vosegus)|Senonia]]
|- 
| 88452
| 88260
| [[Senonges]]
|- 
| 88453
| 88630
| [[Seromons]]
|- 
| 88454
| 88600
| [[Sarcus (Vosegus)|Sarcus]]
|- 
| 88455
| 88320
| [[Sirecuria]]
|- 
| 88456
| 88320
| [[Serocourt]]
|- 
| 88457
| 88630
| [[Seona (Vosegus)|Seona]]
|- 
| 88458
| 88130
| [[Solicuria]]
|- 
| 88459
| 88170
| [[Soncuria]]
|- 
| 88460
| 88630
| [[Solicia]]
|- 
| 88461
| 88140
| [[Serewavilla]]
|- 
| 88462
| 88120
| [[Le Syndicat]]
|- 
| 88463
| 88100
| [[Tinctorivus]]
|- 
| 88464
| 88460
| [[Tendon (Vosegus)|Tendon]]
|- 
| 88465
| 88150
| [[Tado]]
|- 
| 88466
| 88800
| [[Tillia]]
|- 
| 88467
| 88290
| [[Thiéfosse]]
|- 
| 88468
| 88160
| [[Le Thillot]]
|- 
| 88469
| 88500
| [[Tirocuria]]
|- 
| 88470
| 88530
| [[Le Tholy]]
|- 
| 88471
| 88410
| [[Les Thons]]
|- 
| 88472
| 88260
| [[Thuillières]]
|- 
| 88473
| 88320
| [[Tignécourt]]
|- 
| 88474
| 88300
| [[Tellum (Vosegus)|Tellum]]
|- 
| 88475
| 88320
| [[Toteleni curtis]]
|- 
| 88476
| 88500
| [[Totoni villa]]
|- 
| 88477
| 88350
| [[Trampodium]]
|- 
| 88478
| 88300
| [[Tranculfi villa]]
|- 
| 88479
| 88240
| [[Trémonzey]]
|- 
| 88480
| 88130
| [[Ubexy]]
|- 
| 88481
| 88220
| [[Uriménil]]
|- 
| 88482
| 88140
| [[Eurivilla]]
|- 
| 88483
| 88390
| [[Ursiniacum]]
|- 
| 88484
| 88220
| [[Usminga]]
|- 
| 88485
| 88140
| [[La Vacheresse-et-la-Rouillie]]
|- 
| 88486
| 88120
| [[Vainiacum]]
|- 
| 88487
| 88340
| [[Le Val-d'Ajol]]
|- 
| 88488
| 88270
| [[Valefridicurtis]]
|- 
| 88489
| 88270
| [[Vallis Regia (Vosegus)|Vallis Regia]]
|- 
| 88490
| 88800
| [[Vallis Regia Sicca]]
|- 
| 88491
| 88260
| [[Tres Valesii]]
|- 
| 88492
| 88230
| [[Le Valtin]]
|- 
| 88493
| 88450
| [[Varmonzey]]
|- 
| 88494
| 88500
| [[Vaubexy]]
|- 
| 88495
| 88000
| [[Waldinivilla]]
|- 
| 88496
| 88140
| [[Valdonis curtis (Vosegus)|Valdonis curtis]]
|- 
| 88497
| 88330
| [[Wauxoncuria]]
|- 
| 88498
| 88200
| [[Vecoux]]
|- 
| 88499
| 88270
| [[Velotte-et-Tatignécourt]]
|- 
| 88500
| 88310
| [[Ventron]]
|- 
| 88501
| 88210
| [[Le Vermont]]
|- 
| 88502
| 88600
| [[Vervezelle]]
|- 
| 88503
| 88110
| [[Vexaincourt]]
|- 
| 88504
| 88170
| [[Vicherey]]
|- 
| 88505
| 88430
| [[Vienville]]
|- 
| 88506
| 88210
| [[Vieux-Moulin (Vosegus)|Vieux-Moulin]]
|- 
| 88507
| 88500
| [[Villers (Vosegus)|Villers]]
|- 
| 88508
| 88270
| [[Ville-sur-Illon]]
|- 
| 88509
| 88150
| [[Villoncourt]]
|- 
| 88510
| 88320
| [[Villotte]]
|- 
| 88511
| 88350
| [[Villouxel]]
|- 
| 88512
| 88600
| [[Viménil]]
|- 
| 88513
| 88450
| [[Vincey]]
|- 
| 88514
| 88170
| [[Viocourt]]
|- 
| 88515
| 88260
| [[Vioménil]]
|- 
| 88516
| 88800
| [[Vittel]]
|- 
| 88517
| 88260
| [[Viviers-le-Gras]]
|- 
| 88518
| 88500
| [[Viviers-lès-Offroicourt]]
|- 
| 88519
| 88470
| [[La Voivre (Vosegus)|La Voivre]]
|- 
| 88520
| 88240
| [[Les Voivres]]
|- 
| 88521
| 88700
| [[Vomécourt]]
|- 
| 88522
| 88500
| [[Vomécourt-sur-Madon]]
|- 
| 88523
| 88170
| [[Vouxey]]
|- 
| 88524
| 88140
| [[Vrécourt]]
|- 
| 88525
| 88500
| [[Vroville]]
|- 
| 88526
| 88520
| [[Wisembach]]
|- 
| 88527
| 88700
| [[Xaffévillers]]
|- 
| 88528
| 88460
| [[Xamontarupt]]
|- 
| 88529
| 88130
| [[Xaronval]]
|- 
| 88530
| 88220
| [[Scatiniacum]]
|- 
| 88531
| 88400
| [[Xonrupt-Longemer]]
|- 
| 88532
| 88330
| [[Zincourt]]
|}
{{Indices communium praefecturarum Franciae}}
[[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi|!]]</text>
      <sha1>tri8bc5ljtpxnhvooa6k3lnirbtmrpy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964243</id>
      <parentid>3964231</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T14:10:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pippobuono</username>
        <id>54500</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>nomen latine</comment>
      <origin>3964243</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="22007" sha1="oxphl8il89sve2vmenrlg4darae20kl" xml:space="preserve">Hic est index [[commune|communium]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] praefecturae [[Francia|Francicae]], cui subsunt communia 515 numero.

[[Fasciculus:Vosges-Position.png|thumb|Situs praefecturae]]
[[Fasciculus: Senones vu du Petit Paris.jpg|thumb|Despectus in ''[[ Senones ]]'']]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]]
! [[Numerus cursualis]]
! [[Commune]]
|-
| 88001
| 88270
| [[Les Ableuvenettes]]
|- 
| 88002
| 88500
| [[Ahéville]]
|- 
| 88003
| 88140
| [[Aingeville]]
|- 
| 88004
| 88320
| [[Ainvelle (Vosegus)|Ainvelle]]
|- 
| 88005
| 88110
| [[Allarmont]]
|- 
| 88006
| 88500
| [[Ambacuria]]
|- 
| 88007
| 88410
| [[Ameuvelle]]
|- 
| 88008
| 88700
| [[Anglemont]]
|- 
| 88009
| 88650
| [[Anould]]
|- 
| 88010
| 88170
| [[Aouze]]
|- 
| 88011
| 88380
| [[Arches (Vosegus)|Arches]]
|- 
| 88012
| 88380
| [[Archettes]]
|- 
| 88013
| 88170
| [[Aroffe]]
|- 
| 88014
| 88430
| [[Arrentès-de-Corcieux]]
|- 
| 88015
| 88300
| [[Attignéville]]
|- 
| 88016
| 88260
| [[Attigny (Vosegus)|Attigny]]
|- 
| 88017
| 88300
| [[Aulnois]]
|- 
| 88018
| 88640
| [[Aumontzey]]
|- 
| 88019
| 88300
| [[Autigny-la-Tour]]
|- 
| 88020
| 88300
| [[Autreville (Vosegus)|Autreville]]
|- 
| 88021
| 88700
| [[Autrey (Vosegus)|Autrey]]
|- 
| 88022
| 88140
| [[Auzainvilliers]]
|- 
| 88023
| 88500
| [[Avillers (Vosegus)|Avillers]]
|- 
| 88024
| 88130
| [[Avrainville (Vosegus)|Avrainville]]
|- 
| 88025
| 88630
| [[Avranville]]
|- 
| 88026
| 88600
| [[Aydoilles]]
|- 
| 88027
| 88330
| [[Badménil-aux-Bois]]
|- 
| 88028
| 88460
| [[La Baffe]]
|- 
| 88029
| 88240
| [[Bains-les-Bains]]
|- 
| 88030
| 88270
| [[Bainville-aux-Saules]]
|- 
| 88031
| 88170
| [[Balléville]]
|- 
| 88032
| 88520
| [[Ban-de-Laveline]]
|- 
| 88033
| 88210
| [[Ban-de-Sapt]]
|- 
| 88106
| 88230
| [[Ban-sur-Meurthe-Clefcy]]
|- 
| 88035
| 88640
| [[Barbey-Seroux]]
|- 
| 88036
| 88300
| [[Barville (Vosegus)|Barville]]
|- 
| 88037
| 88120
| [[Basse-sur-le-Rupt]]
|- 
| 88038
| 88130
| [[Battexey]]
|- 
| 88039
| 88500
| [[Baudricourt]]
|- 
| 88040
| 88150
| [[Bayecourt]]
|- 
| 88041
| 88270
| [[Bazegney]]
|- 
| 88042
| 88700
| [[Bazien]]
|- 
| 88043
| 88500
| [[Bazoilles-et-Ménil]]
|- 
| 88044
| 88300
| [[Bazoilles-sur-Meuse]]
|- 
| 88045
| 88300
| [[Beaufremont]]
|- 
| 88046
| 88600
| [[Beauménil]]
|- 
| 88047
| 88270
| [[Begnécourt]]
|- 
| 88048
| 88370
| [[Bellefontaine (Vosegus)|Bellefontaine]]
|- 
| 88049
| 88260
| [[Belmont-lès-Darney]]
|- 
| 88050
| 88600
| [[Belmont-sur-Buttant]]
|- 
| 88051
| 88800
| [[Belmont-sur-Vair]]
|- 
| 88052
| 88260
| [[Belrupt]]
|- 
| 88053
| 88210
| [[Belval (Vosegus)|Belval]]
|- 
| 88054
| 88520
| [[Bertrimoutier]]
|- 
| 88055
| 88450
| [[Bettegney-Saint-Brice]]
|- 
| 88056
| 88500
| [[Bettoncourt]]
|- 
| 88057
| 88490
| [[Le Beulay]]
|- 
| 88058
| 88170
| [[Biécourt]]
|- 
| 88059
| 88430
| [[Biffontaine]]
|- 
| 88060
| 88500
| [[Blémerey (Vosegus)|Blémerey]]
|- 
| 88061
| 88410
| [[Bleurville]]
|- 
| 88062
| 88320
| [[Blevaincourt]]
|- 
| 88063
| 88270
| [[Bocquegney]]
|- 
| 88064
| 88600
| [[Bois-de-Champ]]
|- 
| 88065
| 88260
| [[Bonvillet]]
|- 
| 88066
| 88500
| [[Boulaincourt]]
|- 
| 88068
| 88470
| [[La Bourgonce]]
|- 
| 88069
| 88270
| [[Bouxières-aux-Bois]]
|- 
| 88070
| 88130
| [[Bouxurulles]]
|- 
| 88071
| 88270
| [[Bouzemont]]
|- 
| 88073
| 88130
| [[Brantigny]]
|- 
| 88074
| 88350
| [[Brechainville]]
|- 
| 88075
| 88250
| [[La Bresse]]
|- 
| 88076
| 88600
| [[Brouvelieures]]
|- 
| 88077
| 88700
| [[Brû]]
|- 
| 88078
| 88600
| [[Bruyères]]
|- 
| 88079
| 88140
| [[Boloniacivilla]]
|- 
| 88080
| 88700
| [[Bult]]
|- 
| 88081
| 88540
| [[Bussang]]
|- 
| 88082
| 88110
| [[Celles-sur-Plaine]]
|- 
| 88083
| 88300
| [[Certilleux]]
|- 
| 88084
| 88130
| [[Chamagne]]
|- 
| 88085
| 88640
| [[Champdray]]
|- 
| 88086
| 88600
| [[Ducis Campus|Champ-le-Duc]]
|- 
| 88087
| 88000
| [[Chantraine (commune)|Chantraine]]
|- 
| 88088
| 88240
| [[La Chapelle-aux-Bois]]
|- 
| 88089
| 88600
| [[La Chapelle-devant-Bruyères]]
|- 
| 88090
| 88130
| [[Carpinia]]
|- 
| 88091
| 88460
| [[Charmois-devant-Bruyères]]
|- 
| 88092
| 88270
| [[Charmois-l'Orgueilleux]]
|- 
| 88093
| 88210
| [[Châtas]]
|- 
| 88094
| 88330
| [[Châtel-sur-Moselle]]
|- 
| 88095
| 88170
| [[Châtenois (Vosegus)|Châtenois]]
|- 
| 88096
| 88410
| [[Châtillon-sur-Saône]]
|- 
| 88097
| 88500
| [[Chauffecourt]]
|- 
| 88098
| 88390
| [[Chaumousey]]
|- 
| 88099
| 88150
| [[Chavelot]]
|- 
| 88100
| 88500
| [[Chef-Haut]]
|- 
| 88101
| 88460
| [[Cheniménil]]
|- 
| 88102
| 88630
| [[Chermisey]]
|- 
| 88103
| 88270
| [[Circourt]]
|- 
| 88104
| 88300
| [[Circourt-sur-Mouzon]]
|- 
| 88105
| 88410
| [[Claudon]]
|- 
| 88107
| 88630
| [[Clérey-la-Côte]]
|- 
| 88108
| 88240
| [[Le Clerjus]]
|- 
| 88109
| 88120
| [[Cleurie]]
|- 
| 88110
| 88700
| [[Clézentaine]]
|- 
| 88111
| 88100
| [[Coinches]]
|- 
| 88112
| 88490
| [[Colroy-la-Grande]]
|- 
| 88113
| 88490
| [[Combrimont]]
|- 
| 88114
| 88140
| [[Gundrecivilla]]
|- 
| 88115
| 88430
| [[Corcieux]]
|- 
| 88116
| 88310
| [[Cornimont]]
|- 
| 88117
| 88170
| [[Courcelles-sous-Châtenois]]
|- 
| 88118
| 88630
| [[Coussey]]
|- 
| 88119
| 88140
| [[Crainvilliers]]
|- 
| 88120
| 88520
| [[La Croix-aux-Mines]]
|- 
| 88121
| 88330
| [[Damas-aux-Bois]]
|- 
| 88122
| 88270
| [[Damas-et-Bettegney]]
|- 
| 88123
| 88320
| [[Damblain]]
|- 
| 88124
| 88260
| [[Darney]]
|- 
| 88125
| 88170
| [[Darney-aux-Chênes]]
|- 
| 88126
| 88390
| [[Darnieulles]]
|- 
| 88127
| 88700
| [[Deinvillers]]
|- 
| 88128
| 88210
| [[Denipaire]]
|- 
| 88129
| 88270
| [[Derbamont]]
|- 
| 88130
| 88600
| [[Destord]]
|- 
| 88131
| 88600
| [[Deycimont]]
|- 
| 88132
| 88000
| [[Deyvillers]]
|- 
| 88133
| 88000
| [[Dignonville]]
|- 
| 88134
| 88000
| [[Dinozé]]
|- 
| 88135
| 88460
| [[Docelles]]
|- 
| 88136
| 88000
| [[Dogneville]]
|- 
| 88137
| 88170
| [[Dolaincourt]]
|- 
| 88138
| 88260
| [[Dombasle-devant-Darney]]
|- 
| 88139
| 88500
| [[Dombasle-en-Xaintois]]
|- 
| 88140
| 88140
| [[Dombrot-le-Sec]]
|- 
| 88141
| 88170
| [[Dombrot-sur-Vair]]
|- 
| 88144
| 88500
| [[Domèvre-sous-Montfort]]
|- 
| 88142
| 88390
| [[Domèvre-sur-Avière]]
|- 
| 88143
| 88330
| [[Domèvre-sur-Durbion]]
|- 
| 88145
| 88600
| [[Domfaing]]
|- 
| 88146
| 88800
| [[Domjulien]]
|- 
| 88147
| 88390
| [[Dommartin-aux-Bois]]
|- 
| 88148
| 88200
| [[Domnus Martinus (Romaricus Mons)]]
|- 
| 88149
| 88260
| [[Dommartin-lès-Vallois]]
|- 
| 88150
| 88170
| [[Dommartin-sur-Vraine]]
|- 
| 88151
| 88270
| [[Donoparium]]
|- 
| 88152
| 88600
| [[Dompierre (Vosegus)|Dompierre]]
|- 
| 88153
| 88700
| [[Domptail]]
|- 
| 88154
| 88630
| [[Domnum Remigium]]
|- 
| 88155
| 88500
| [[Domvallier]]
|- 
| 88156
| 88700
| [[Doncières]]
|- 
| 88157
| 88220
| [[Dounoux]]
|- 
| 88158
| 88510
| [[Éloyes]]
|- 
| 88159
| 88650
| [[Entre-deux-Eaux]]
|- 
| 88160
| 88000
| [[Spinalium]]
|- 
| 88161
| 88260
| [[Escles]]
|- 
| 88162
| 88260
| [[Esley]]
|- 
| 88163
| 88130
| [[Essegney]]
|- 
| 88164
| 88500
| [[Estrennes]]
|- 
| 88165
| 88480
| [[Étival-Clairefontaine]]
|- 
| 88166
| 88450
| [[Évaux-et-Ménil]]
|- 
| 88167
| 88460
| [[Faucompierre]]
|- 
| 88168
| 88700
| [[Fauconcourt]]
|- 
| 88169
| 88600
| [[Fays (Vosegus)|Fays]]
|- 
| 88170
| 88360
| [[Ferdrupt]]
|- 
| 88171
| 88410
| [[Fignévelle]]
|- 
| 88172
| 88600
| [[Fiménil]]
|- 
| 88173
| 88130
| [[Florémont]]
|- 
| 88174
| 88390
| [[Fomerey]]
|- 
| 88175
| 88600
| [[Fontenay (Vosegus)|Fontenay]]
|- 
| 88176
| 88240
| [[Fontenoy-le-Château]]
|- 
| 88177
| 88530
| [[La Forge (Vosegus)|La Forge]]
|- 
| 88178
| 88390
| [[Les Forges (Vosegus)|Les Forges]]
|- 
| 88179
| 88320
| [[Fouchécourt (Vosegus)|Fouchécourt]]
|- 
| 88180
| 88320
| [[Frain]]
|- 
| 88181
| 88230
| [[Fraize]]
|- 
| 88182
| 88490
| [[Frapelle]]
|- 
| 88183
| 88630
| [[Frebécourt]]
|- 
| 88184
| 88600
| [[Fremifontaine]]
|- 
| 88185
| 88500
| [[Frenelle-la-Grande]]
|- 
| 88186
| 88500
| [[Frenelle-la-Petite]]
|- 
| 88187
| 88270
| [[Frénois (Vosegus)|Frénois]]
|- 
| 88188
| 88160
| [[Fresse-sur-Moselle]]
|- 
| 88189
| 88350
| [[Fréville (Vosegus)|Fréville]]
|- 
| 88190
| 88440
| [[Frizon]]
|- 
| 88192
| 88270
| [[Gelvécourt-et-Adompt]]
|- 
| 88193
| 88520
| [[Gemaingoutte]]
|- 
| 88194
| 88170
| [[Gemmelaincourt]]
|- 
| 88195
| 88140
| [[Gendreville]]
|- 
| 88196
| 88400
| [[Gérardmer]]
|- 
| 88197
| 88120
| [[Gerbamont]]
|- 
| 88198
| 88430
| [[Gerbépal]]
|- 
| 88199
| 88320
| [[Gignéville]]
|- 
| 88200
| 88390
| [[Gigney]]
|- 
| 88201
| 88390
| [[Girancourt]]
|- 
| 88202
| 88500
| [[Gircourt-lès-Viéville]]
|- 
| 88203
| 88600
| [[Girecourt-sur-Durbion]]
|- 
| 88205
| 88340
| [[Girmont-Val-d'Ajol]]
|- 
| 88206
| 88170
| [[Gironcourt-sur-Vraine]]
|- 
| 88208
| 88410
| [[Godoncourt]]
|- 
| 88209
| 88190
| [[Golbey]]
|- 
| 88210
| 88270
| [[Gorhey]]
|- 
| 88212
| 88350
| [[Grand (Vosegus)|Grand]]
|- 
| 88213
| 88490
| [[La Grande-Fosse]]
|- 
| 88215
| 88210
| [[Grandrupt]]
|- 
| 88214
| 88240
| [[Grandrupt-de-Bains]]
|- 
| 88216
| 88600
| [[Grandvillers]]
|- 
| 88218
| 88640
| [[Granges-sur-Vologne]]
|- 
| 88219
| 88630
| [[Greux]]
|- 
| 88220
| 88410
| [[Grignoncourt]]
|- 
| 88221
| 88240
| [[Gruey-lès-Surance]]
|- 
| 88222
| 88600
| [[Gugnécourt]]
|- 
| 88223
| 88450
| [[Gugney-aux-Aulx]]
|- 
| 88224
| 88330
| [[Hadigny-les-Verrières]]
|- 
| 88225
| 88220
| [[Hadol]]
|- 
| 88226
| 88270
| [[Hagécourt]]
|- 
| 88227
| 88300
| [[Hagnéville-et-Roncourt]]
|- 
| 88228
| 88330
| [[Haillainville]]
|- 
| 88229
| 88300
| [[Harchéchamp]]
|- 
| 88230
| 88700
| [[Hardancourt]]
|- 
| 88231
| 88800
| [[Haréville]]
|- 
| 88232
| 88300
| [[Harmonville]]
|- 
| 88233
| 88270
| [[Harol]]
|- 
| 88234
| 88240
| [[Harsault]]
|- 
| 88235
| 88240
| [[Hautmougey]]
|- 
| 88236
| 88240
| [[La Haye (Vosegus)|La Haye]]
|- 
| 88237
| 88270
| [[Hennecourt]]
|- 
| 88238
| 88260
| [[Hennezel]]
|- 
| 88239
| 88130
| [[Hergugney]]
|- 
| 88240
| 88600
| [[Herpelmont]]
|- 
| 88241
| 88170
| [[Houécourt]]
|- 
| 88242
| 88300
| [[Houéville]]
|- 
| 88243
| 88700
| [[Housseras]]
|- 
| 88244
| 88430
| [[La Houssière]]
|- 
| 88245
| 88210
| [[Hurbache]]
|- 
| 88246
| 88500
| [[Hymont]]
|- 
| 88247
| 88150
| [[Igney (Vosegus)|Igney]]
|- 
| 88248
| 88320
| [[Isches]]
|- 
| 88249
| 88300
| [[Jainvillotte]]
|- 
| 88250
| 88550
| [[Jarménil]]
|- 
| 88251
| 88700
| [[Jeanménil]]
|- 
| 88252
| 88260
| [[Jésonville]]
|- 
| 88253
| 88000
| [[Jeuxey]]
|- 
| 88254
| 88500
| [[Jorxey]]
|- 
| 88255
| 88630
| [[Jubainville]]
|- 
| 88256
| 88640
| [[Jussarupt]]
|- 
| 88257
| 88500
| [[Juvaincourt]]
|- 
| 88258
| 88320
| [[Lamarche]]
|- 
| 88259
| 88300
| [[Landaville]]
|- 
| 88260
| 88130
| [[Langley (Vosegus)|Langley]]
|- 
| 88261
| 88600
| [[Laval-sur-Vologne]]
|- 
| 88262
| 88600
| [[Laveline-devant-Bruyères]]
|- 
| 88263
| 88640
| [[Laveline-du-Houx]]
|- 
| 88264
| 88270
| [[Légéville-et-Bonfays]]
|- 
| 88265
| 88300
| [[Lemmecourt]]
|- 
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]]
! [[Numerus cursualis]]
! [[Commune]]
|-
| 88266
| 88600
| [[Lépanges-sur-Vologne]]
|- 
| 88267
| 88260
| [[Lerrain]]
|- 
| 88268
| 88490
| [[Lesseux]]
|- 
| 88269
| 88400
| [[Liézey]]
|- 
| 88270
| 88350
| [[Liffol-le-Grand]]
|- 
| 88271
| 88800
| [[Lignéville]]
|- 
| 88272
| 88410
| [[Lironcourt]]
|- 
| 88273
| 88000
| [[Longchamp (Vosegus)|Longchamp]]
|- 
| 88274
| 88170
| [[Longchamp-sous-Châtenois]]
|- 
| 88275
| 88490
| [[Lubine]]
|- 
| 88276
| 88490
| [[Lusse]]
|- 
| 88277
| 88110
| [[Luvigny]]
|- 
| 88278
| 88170
| [[Maconcourt]]
|- 
| 88279
| 88270
| [[Madecourt]]
|- 
| 88280
| 88450
| [[Madegney]]
|- 
| 88281
| 88270
| [[Madonne-et-Lamerey]]
|- 
| 88282
| 88240
| [[Le Magny (Vosegus)|Le Magny]]
|- 
| 88283
| 88140
| [[Malaincourt]]
|- 
| 88284
| 88650
| [[Mandray]]
|- 
| 88285
| 88800
| [[Mandres-sur-Vair]]
|- 
| 88286
| 88130
| [[Marainville-sur-Madon]]
|- 
| 88287
| 88320
| [[Marey (Vosegus)|Marey]]
|- 
| 88288
| 88270
| [[Maroncourt]]
|- 
| 88289
| 88320
| [[Martigny-les-Bains]]
|- 
| 88290
| 88300
| [[Martigny-les-Gerbonvaux]]
|- 
| 88291
| 88410
| [[Martinvelle]]
|- 
| 88292
| 88500
| [[Mattaincourt]]
|- 
| 88293
| 88630
| [[Maxey-sur-Meuse]]
|- 
| 88294
| 88150
| [[Mazeley]]
|- 
| 88295
| 88500
| [[Mazirot]]
|- 
| 88296
| 88140
| [[Médonville]]
|- 
| 88297
| 88600
| [[Méménil]]
|- 
| 88298
| 88700
| [[Ménarmont]]
|- 
| 88302
| 88160
| [[Le Ménil]]
|- 
| 88300
| 88210
| [[Ménil-de-Senones]]
|- 
| 88299
| 88500
| [[Ménil-en-Xaintois]]
|- 
| 88301
| 88700
| [[Ménil-sur-Belvitte]]
|- 
| 88303
| 88630
| [[Midrevaux]]
|- 
| 88304
| 88500
| [[Mirecurtium]]
|- 
| 88305
| 88630
| [[Moncel-sur-Vair]]
|- 
| 88306
| 88210
| [[Le Mont]]
|- 
| 88309
| 88800
| [[Monthureux-le-Sec]]
|- 
| 88310
| 88410
| [[Monthureux-sur-Saône]]
|- 
| 88307
| 88320
| [[Mont-lès-Lamarche]]
|- 
| 88308
| 88300
| [[Mont-lès-Neufchâteau]]
|- 
| 88311
| 88240
| [[Montmotier]]
|- 
| 88312
| 88170
| [[Morelmaison]]
|- 
| 88313
| 88330
| [[Moriville]]
|- 
| 88314
| 88320
| [[Morizécourt]]
|- 
| 88315
| 88600
| [[Mortagne (Vosegus)|Mortagne]]
|- 
| 88316
| 88140
| [[Morville (Vosegus)|Morville]]
|- 
| 88317
| 88210
| [[Moussey (Vosegus)|Moussey]]
|- 
| 88318
| 88700
| [[Moyemont]]
|- 
| 88319
| 88420
| [[Moyenmoutier]]
|- 
| 88320
| 88100
| [[Nayemont-les-Fosses]]
|- 
| 88321
| 88300
| [[Neocastrum]]
|- 
| 88322
| 88600
| [[La Neuveville-devant-Lépanges]]
|- 
| 88324
| 88170
| [[La Neuveville-sous-Châtenois]]
|- 
| 88325
| 88800
| [[La Neuveville-sous-Montfort]]
|- 
| 88326
| 88100
| [[Neuvillers-sur-Fave]]
|- 
| 88327
| 88440
| [[Nomexy]]
|- 
| 88328
| 88470
| [[Nompatelize]]
|- 
| 88330
| 88260
| [[Nonville (Vosegus)|Nonville]]
|- 
| 88331
| 88600
| [[Nonzeville]]
|- 
| 88332
| 88800
| [[Norroy]]
|- 
| 88333
| 88700
| [[Nossoncourt]]
|- 
| 88334
| 88500
| [[Oëlleville]]
|- 
| 88335
| 88500
| [[Offroicourt]]
|- 
| 88336
| 88170
| [[Ollainville (Vosegus)|Ollainville]]
|- 
| 88338
| 88700
| [[Ortoncourt]]
|- 
| 88340
| 88700
| [[Padoux]]
|- 
| 88341
| 88100
| [[Pair-et-Grandrupt]]
|- 
| 88342
| 88330
| [[Pallegney]]
|- 
| 88343
| 88800
| [[Parey-sous-Montfort]]
|- 
| 88344
| 88350
| [[Pargny-sous-Mureau]]
|- 
| 88345
| 88490
| [[La Petite-Fosse]]
|- 
| 88346
| 88210
| [[La Petite-Raon]]
|- 
| 88347
| 88270
| [[Pierrefitte (Vosegus)|Pierrefitte]]
|- 
| 88348
| 88600
| [[Pierrepont-sur-l'Arentèle]]
|- 
| 88349
| 88230
| [[Plainfaing]]
|- 
| 88350
| 88170
| [[Pleuvezain]]
|- 
| 88351
| 88370
| [[Plumberae]]
|- 
| 88352
| 88300
| [[Pompierre]]
|- 
| 88353
| 88260
| [[Pont-lès-Bonfays]]
|- 
| 88354
| 88500
| [[Pont-sur-Madon]]
|- 
| 88355
| 88330
| [[Portieux]]
|- 
| 88356
| 88600
| [[Les Poulières]]
|- 
| 88357
| 88500
| [[Poussay]]
|- 
| 88358
| 88550
| [[Pouxeux]]
|- 
| 88359
| 88600
| [[Prey (Vosegus)|Prey]]
|- 
| 88360
| 88260
| [[Provenchères-lès-Darney]]
|- 
| 88361
| 88490
| [[Provenchères-sur-Fave]]
|- 
| 88362
| 88210
| [[Le Puid]]
|- 
| 88363
| 88630
| [[Punerot]]
|- 
| 88364
| 88500
| [[Puzieux (Vosegus)|Puzieux]]
|- 
| 88365
| 88270
| [[Racécourt]]
|- 
| 88366
| 88170
| [[Rainville (Vosegus)|Rainville]]
|- 
| 88367
| 88700
| [[Rambervillers]]
|- 
| 88368
| 88500
| [[Ramecourt (Vosegus)|Ramecourt]]
|- 
| 88369
| 88160
| [[Ramonchamp]]
|- 
| 88370
| 88270
| [[Rancourt (Vosegus)|Rancourt]]
|- 
| 88371
| 88220
| [[Raon-aux-Bois]]
|- 
| 88372
| 88110
| [[Raon-l'Étape]]
|- 
| 88373
| 88110
| [[Raon-sur-Plaine]]
|- 
| 88374
| 88130
| [[Rapey]]
|- 
| 88375
| 88520
| [[Raves (Vosegus)|Raves]]
|- 
| 88376
| 88300
| [[Rebeuville]]
|- 
| 88377
| 88410
| [[Regnévelle]]
|- 
| 88378
| 88450
| [[Regney]]
|- 
| 88379
| 88330
| [[Rehaincourt]]
|- 
| 88380
| 88640
| [[Rehaupal]]
|- 
| 88381
| 88260
| [[Relanges]]
|- 
| 88382
| 88500
| [[Remicourt (Vosegus)|Remicourt]]
|- 
| 88383
| 88200
| [[Romarici Mons]]
|- 
| 88386
| 88100
| [[Remomeix]]
|- 
| 88385
| 88800
| [[Remoncourt (Vosegus)|Remoncourt]]
|- 
| 88387
| 88170
| [[Removille]]
|- 
| 88388
| 88390
| [[Renauvoid]]
|- 
| 88389
| 88500
| [[Repel]]
|- 
| 88390
| 88320
| [[Robécourt]]
|- 
| 88391
| 88120
| [[Rochesson]]
|- 
| 88392
| 88320
| [[Rocourt (Vosegus)|Rocourt]]
|- 
| 88393
| 88300
| [[Rollainville]]
|- 
| 88394
| 88320
| [[Romain-aux-Bois]]
|- 
| 88395
| 88700
| [[Romont (Vosegus)|Romont]]
|- 
| 88398
| 88600
| [[Les Rouges-Eaux]]
|- 
| 88399
| 88460
| [[Le Roulier]]
|- 
| 88400
| 88500
| [[Rouvres-en-Xaintois]]
|- 
| 88401
| 88170
| [[Rouvres-la-Chétive]]
|- 
| 88402
| 88700
| [[Roville-aux-Chênes]]
|- 
| 88403
| 88500
| [[Rozerotte]]
|- 
| 88404
| 88320
| [[Rozières-sur-Mouzon]]
|- 
| 88406
| 88130
| [[Rugney]]
|- 
| 88407
| 88630
| [[Ruppes]]
|- 
| 88408
| 88360
| [[Rupt-sur-Moselle]]
|- 
| 88409
| 88120
| [[Saint-Amé]]
|- 
| 88411
| 88260
| [[Saint-Baslemont]]
|- 
| 88412
| 88700
| [[Saint-Benoît-la-Chipotte]]
|- 
| 88413
| 88100
| [[Sanctus Deodatus (urbs)|Sanctus Deodatus]]
|- 
| 88410
| 88700
| [[Sainte-Barbe (Vosegus)|Sainte-Barbe]]
|- 
| 88418
| 88700
| [[Sainte-Hélène (Vosegus)|Sainte-Hélène]]
|- 
| 88424
| 88100
| [[Sainte-Marguerite (Vosegus)|Sainte-Marguerite]]
|- 
| 88415
| 88200
| [[Saint-Étienne-lès-Remiremont]]
|- 
| 88416
| 88700
| [[Saint-Genest (Vosegus)|Saint-Genest]]
|- 
| 88417
| 88700
| [[Saint-Gorgon (Vosegus)|Saint-Gorgon]]
|- 
| 88419
| 88210
| [[Saint-Jean-d'Ormont]]
|- 
| 88421
| 88410
| [[Saint-Julien (Vosegus)|Saint-Julien]]
|- 
| 88423
| 88650
| [[Saint-Léonard (Vosegus)|Saint-Léonard]]
|- 
| 88425
| 88700
| [[Saint-Maurice-sur-Mortagne]]
|- 
| 88426
| 88560
| [[Saint-Maurice-sur-Moselle]]
|- 
| 88427
| 88170
| [[Saint-Menge]]
|- 
| 88428
| 88470
| [[Saint-Michel-sur-Meurthe]]
|- 
| 88429
| 88200
| [[Sanctus Nabor (Vosegus)|Sanctus Nabor]]
|- 
| 88430
| 88140
| [[Sanctus Audoenus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Audoenus]]
|- 
| 88431
| 88170
| [[Sanctus Paulus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Paulus]]
|- 
| 88432
| 88700
| [[Sanctus Petrimons]]
|- 
| 88433
| 88500
| [[Sanctus Pancratius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Pancratius]]
|- 
| 88434
| 88800
| [[Sancti Remigii Mons (Vosegus)|Sancti Remigii Mons]]
|- 
| 88435
| 88480
| [[Sanctus Remigius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Remigius]]
|- 
| 88436
| 88210
| [[Sanctus Stephanus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Stephanus]]
|- 
| 88437
| 88270
| [[Sanctus Valerius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Valerius]]
|- 
| 88438
| 88470
| [[La Salle (Vosegus)|La Salle]]
|- 
| 88439
| 88390
| [[Sanchey]]
|- 
| 88440
| 88170
| [[Sandaucuria]]
|- 
| 88441
| 88260
| [[Sans-Vallois]]
|- 
| 88442
| 88120
| [[Sapois (Vosegus)|Sapois]]
|- 
| 88443
| 88300
| [[Sartes]]
|- 
| 88444
| 88210
| [[Le Saulcy]]
|- 
| 88445
| 88580
| [[Salicetum (Vosegus)|Salicetum]]
|- 
| 88446
| 88140
| [[Salsurae (Vosegus)|Salsurae]]
|- 
| 88447
| 88290
| [[Salsuriae]]
|- 
| 88448
| 88140
| [[Seivilla]]
|- 
| 88449
| 88130
| [[Saviniacum (Vosegus)|Saviniacum]]
|- 
| 88450
| 88320
| [[Senagda]]
|- 
| 88451
| 88210
| [[Senonia (Vosegus)|Senonia]]
|- 
| 88452
| 88260
| [[Senonges]]
|- 
| 88453
| 88630
| [[Seromons]]
|- 
| 88454
| 88600
| [[Sarcus (Vosegus)|Sarcus]]
|- 
| 88455
| 88320
| [[Sirecuria]]
|- 
| 88456
| 88320
| [[Serocourt]]
|- 
| 88457
| 88630
| [[Seona (Vosegus)|Seona]]
|- 
| 88458
| 88130
| [[Solicuria]]
|- 
| 88459
| 88170
| [[Soncuria]]
|- 
| 88460
| 88630
| [[Solicia]]
|- 
| 88461
| 88140
| [[Serewavilla]]
|- 
| 88462
| 88120
| [[Le Syndicat]]
|- 
| 88463
| 88100
| [[Tinctorivus]]
|- 
| 88464
| 88460
| [[Tendon (Vosegus)|Tendon]]
|- 
| 88465
| 88150
| [[Tado]]
|- 
| 88466
| 88800
| [[Tillia]]
|- 
| 88467
| 88290
| [[Thiéfosse]]
|- 
| 88468
| 88160
| [[Le Thillot]]
|- 
| 88469
| 88500
| [[Tirocuria]]
|- 
| 88470
| 88530
| [[Le Tholy]]
|- 
| 88471
| 88410
| [[Les Thons]]
|- 
| 88472
| 88260
| [[Thuillières]]
|- 
| 88473
| 88320
| [[Tignécourt]]
|- 
| 88474
| 88300
| [[Tellum (Vosegus)|Tellum]]
|- 
| 88475
| 88320
| [[Toteleni curtis]]
|- 
| 88476
| 88500
| [[Totoni villa]]
|- 
| 88477
| 88350
| [[Trampodium]]
|- 
| 88478
| 88300
| [[Tranculfi villa]]
|- 
| 88479
| 88240
| [[Trémonzey]]
|- 
| 88480
| 88130
| [[Ubexy]]
|- 
| 88481
| 88220
| [[Uriménil]]
|- 
| 88482
| 88140
| [[Eurivilla]]
|- 
| 88483
| 88390
| [[Ursiniacum]]
|- 
| 88484
| 88220
| [[Usminga]]
|- 
| 88485
| 88140
| [[La Vacheresse-et-la-Rouillie]]
|- 
| 88486
| 88120
| [[Vainiacum]]
|- 
| 88487
| 88340
| [[Le Val-d'Ajol]]
|- 
| 88488
| 88270
| [[Valefridicurtis]]
|- 
| 88489
| 88270
| [[Vallis Regia (Vosegus)|Vallis Regia]]
|- 
| 88490
| 88800
| [[Vallis Regia Sicca]]
|- 
| 88491
| 88260
| [[Tres Valesii]]
|- 
| 88492
| 88230
| [[Le Valtin]]
|- 
| 88493
| 88450
| [[Varmonzey]]
|- 
| 88494
| 88500
| [[Vaubexy]]
|- 
| 88495
| 88000
| [[Waldinivilla]]
|- 
| 88496
| 88140
| [[Valdonis curtis (Vosegus)|Valdonis curtis]]
|- 
| 88497
| 88330
| [[Wauxoncuria]]
|- 
| 88498
| 88200
| [[Vecoux]]
|- 
| 88499
| 88270
| [[Velotte-et-Tatignécourt]]
|- 
| 88500
| 88310
| [[Ventron]]
|- 
| 88501
| 88210
| [[Le Vermont]]
|- 
| 88502
| 88600
| [[Vervezelle]]
|- 
| 88503
| 88110
| [[Vexaincourt]]
|- 
| 88504
| 88170
| [[Vicherey]]
|- 
| 88505
| 88430
| [[Vienville]]
|- 
| 88506
| 88210
| [[Vieux-Moulin (Vosegus)|Vieux-Moulin]]
|- 
| 88507
| 88500
| [[Villers (Vosegus)|Villers]]
|- 
| 88508
| 88270
| [[Ville-sur-Illon]]
|- 
| 88509
| 88150
| [[Villoncourt]]
|- 
| 88510
| 88320
| [[Villotte]]
|- 
| 88511
| 88350
| [[Villouxel]]
|- 
| 88512
| 88600
| [[Viménil]]
|- 
| 88513
| 88450
| [[Vincey]]
|- 
| 88514
| 88170
| [[Viocourt]]
|- 
| 88515
| 88260
| [[Vioménil]]
|- 
| 88516
| 88800
| [[Vittel]]
|- 
| 88517
| 88260
| [[Viviers-le-Gras]]
|- 
| 88518
| 88500
| [[Viviers-lès-Offroicourt]]
|- 
| 88519
| 88470
| [[La Voivre (Vosegus)|La Voivre]]
|- 
| 88520
| 88240
| [[Les Voivres]]
|- 
| 88521
| 88700
| [[Vomécourt]]
|- 
| 88522
| 88500
| [[Vomécourt-sur-Madon]]
|- 
| 88523
| 88170
| [[Vouxey]]
|- 
| 88524
| 88140
| [[Vrécourt]]
|- 
| 88525
| 88500
| [[Vroville]]
|- 
| 88526
| 88520
| [[Wisembach]]
|- 
| 88527
| 88700
| [[Xaffévillers]]
|- 
| 88528
| 88460
| [[Xamontarupt]]
|- 
| 88529
| 88130
| [[Xaronval]]
|- 
| 88530
| 88220
| [[Scatiniacum]]
|- 
| 88531
| 88400
| [[Xonrupt-Longemer]]
|- 
| 88532
| 88330
| [[Zincourt]]
|}
{{Indices communium praefecturarum Franciae}}
[[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi|!]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Chiare, fresche et dolci acque</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>137697</id>
    <revision>
      <id>3964278</id>
      <parentid>3356229</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T16:16:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andrew Dalby</username>
        <id>1084</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>bibl</comment>
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      <text bytes="1744" sha1="a4zfiyzs2iirlg273t6sgnkyvruedgp" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Fontaine de Vaucluse en crue.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Flumen|Fluminis]] [[Sorgue|Sorgae]] fons in [[Provincia et Alpis|Provincia]]e vico ''[[Fontaine-de-Vaucluse]]'', qui [[poeta]]m ad hoc carmen scribendum movit]]

&quot;'''Chiare, fresche et dolci acque'''&quot; incipit [[carmen]] CXXVI in serie ''[[Rerum vulgarium fragmenta]]'', quam [[Franciscus Petrarcha]] composuit. Hoc carmen [[memoria]]m Laurae praesentis apud Petrarchae locum in [[Vallis Clausa (praefectura Franciae)|Valle Clausa]] canit. Laura et [[natura]] eandem [[pulchritudo|pulchritudinem]] monstrant; [[poeta]] sperat fore ut hoc loco ipse sepeliatur et Laura [[lacrima|lacrimis]] suis [[pietas|pietatem]] e [[Deus|Deo]] obtineat.&lt;br&gt;

Carmen extat de quinque [[stropha|strophis]], ex versibus undecim aut septem [[syllaba|syllabis]] compositis. In singulis strophis poeta diversos sensus animi exprimit, qui ex contemplatione loci oriuntur: locus amoenus, ubi Lauram poeta vidit, et ubi sperat se sepultum iri. Tempus carminis est ideo praesens (poeta solus visit Sorgae fontem), praeteritum (poeta meminit Laurae)) et futurum (poeta sperat fore ut hic Laura se frustra quaerat et super sepulchrum suum lacrimas fundat).

== Bibliographia ==
* Attilio Gentille, ''&quot;Chiare, fresche e dolci acque&quot;, una canzone del Petrarca commentata''. Trieste: Caprin, 1904; [https://archive.org/details/chiarefrescheedo00gent/page/n3/mode/2up Textus]

== Nexus externus ==
*[http://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Canzoniere_%28Rerum_vulgarium_fragmenta%29/Chiare,_fresche_et_dolci_acque Carmen CXXVI] apud situm it.wikisource.org

{{lit-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Carmina]]
[[Categoria:Franciscus Petrarca]]
[[Categoria:Italiae scripta]]
[[Categoria:Litterae Italianae]]
[[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 14]]</text>
      <sha1>a4zfiyzs2iirlg273t6sgnkyvruedgp</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964286</id>
      <parentid>3964278</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T17:37:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andrew Dalby</username>
        <id>1084</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>bibl</comment>
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      <text bytes="2379" sha1="bogywg7y3yca9axrms2xm0kqz3s8a2k" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Fontaine de Vaucluse en crue.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Flumen|Fluminis]] [[Sorgue|Sorgae]] fons in [[Provincia et Alpis|Provincia]]e vico ''[[Fontaine-de-Vaucluse]]'', qui [[poeta]]m ad hoc carmen scribendum movit]]

&quot;'''Chiare, fresche et dolci acque'''&quot; incipit [[carmen]] CXXVI in serie ''[[Rerum vulgarium fragmenta]]'', quam [[Franciscus Petrarcha]] composuit. Hoc carmen [[memoria]]m Laurae praesentis apud Petrarchae locum in [[Vallis Clausa (praefectura Franciae)|Valle Clausa]] canit. Laura et [[natura]] eandem [[pulchritudo|pulchritudinem]] monstrant; [[poeta]] sperat fore ut hoc loco ipse sepeliatur et Laura [[lacrima|lacrimis]] suis [[pietas|pietatem]] e [[Deus|Deo]] obtineat.&lt;br&gt;

Carmen extat de quinque [[stropha|strophis]], ex versibus undecim aut septem [[syllaba|syllabis]] compositis. In singulis strophis poeta diversos sensus animi exprimit, qui ex contemplatione loci oriuntur: locus amoenus, ubi Lauram poeta vidit, et ubi sperat se sepultum iri. Tempus carminis est ideo praesens (poeta solus visit Sorgae fontem), praeteritum (poeta meminit Laurae)) et futurum (poeta sperat fore ut hic Laura se frustra quaerat et super sepulchrum suum lacrimas fundat).

== Bibliographia ==
* Paolo Garelli, ''Una canzone di Francesco Petrarca, con l'esposizione dedicata ai chiarissimi e nobili miei contemporanei''. Florentiae: Barbera, Bianchi e C., 1858; [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_oYfTJqfh77EC/page/n3/mode/2up Textus]
* Attilio Gentille, ''&quot;Chiare, fresche e dolci acque&quot;, una canzone del Petrarca commentata''. Trieste: Caprin, 1904; [https://archive.org/details/chiarefrescheedo00gent/page/n3/mode/2up Textus]
* Nino Quarta, ''Nuova interpretazione della canzone del Petrarca &quot;Chiare fresche e dolci acque&quot;''. Neapoli: Muca, 1894; [https://archive.org/details/QuartaNuovaInterpretazione/page/n5/mode/2up Textus]

== Nexus externi ==
*[http://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Canzoniere_%28Rerum_vulgarium_fragmenta%29/Chiare,_fresche_et_dolci_acque Carmen CXXVI] apud situm it.wikisource.org
* &quot;[https://www.fareletteratura.it/2014/06/13/analisi-del-testo-e-parafrasi-chiare-fresche-et-dolci-acque-petrarca/ Analisi del testo: &quot;Chiare, fresche et dolci acque&quot; di Francesco Petrarca]&quot;

{{lit-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Carmina]]
[[Categoria:Franciscus Petrarca]]
[[Categoria:Italiae scripta]]
[[Categoria:Litterae Italianae]]
[[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 14]]</text>
      <sha1>bogywg7y3yca9axrms2xm0kqz3s8a2k</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964287</id>
      <parentid>3964286</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T17:40:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andrew Dalby</username>
        <id>1084</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>3964287</origin>
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      <text bytes="2483" sha1="9q8c3o1m57e26u3xyn5kiw7lf290vj6" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Fontaine de Vaucluse en crue.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Flumen|Fluminis]] [[Sorgue|Sorgae]] fons in [[Provincia et Alpis|Provincia]]e vico ''[[Fontaine-de-Vaucluse]]'', qui [[poeta]]m ad hoc carmen scribendum movit]]
&quot;'''Chiare, fresche et dolci acque'''&quot; incipit [[carmen]] CXXVI in serie ''[[Rerum vulgarium fragmenta]]'', quam [[Franciscus Petrarcha]] composuit. Hoc carmen [[memoria]]m Laurae praesentis apud Petrarchae locum in [[Vallis Clausa (praefectura Franciae)|Valle Clausa]] canit. Laura et [[natura]] eandem [[pulchritudo|pulchritudinem]] monstrant; [[poeta]] sperat fore ut hoc loco ipse sepeliatur et Laura [[lacrima|lacrimis]] suis [[pietas|pietatem]] e [[Deus|Deo]] obtineat.&lt;br&gt;

Carmen extat de quinque [[stropha|strophis]], ex versibus undecim aut septem [[syllaba|syllabis]] compositis. In singulis strophis poeta diversos sensus animi exprimit, qui ex contemplatione loci oriuntur: locus amoenus, ubi Lauram poeta vidit, et ubi sperat se sepultum iri. Tempus carminis est ideo praesens (poeta solus visit Sorgae fontem), praeteritum (poeta meminit Laurae)) et futurum (poeta sperat fore ut hic Laura se frustra quaerat et super sepulchrum suum lacrimas fundat).

== Bibliographia ==
[[Fasciculus:Chiare fresche dolci acque.jpg|thumb|Initium carminis in manuscripto anni 1409 exscriptum]]
* Paolo Garelli, ''Una canzone di Francesco Petrarca, con l'esposizione dedicata ai chiarissimi e nobili miei contemporanei''. Florentiae: Barbera, Bianchi e C., 1858; [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_oYfTJqfh77EC/page/n3/mode/2up Textus]
* Attilio Gentille, ''&quot;Chiare, fresche e dolci acque&quot;, una canzone del Petrarca commentata''. Trieste: Caprin, 1904; [https://archive.org/details/chiarefrescheedo00gent/page/n3/mode/2up Textus]
* Nino Quarta, ''Nuova interpretazione della canzone del Petrarca &quot;Chiare fresche e dolci acque&quot;''. Neapoli: Muca, 1894; [https://archive.org/details/QuartaNuovaInterpretazione/page/n5/mode/2up Textus]

== Nexus externi ==
*[http://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Canzoniere_%28Rerum_vulgarium_fragmenta%29/Chiare,_fresche_et_dolci_acque Carmen CXXVI] apud situm it.wikisource.org
* &quot;[https://www.fareletteratura.it/2014/06/13/analisi-del-testo-e-parafrasi-chiare-fresche-et-dolci-acque-petrarca/ Analisi del testo: &quot;Chiare, fresche et dolci acque&quot; di Francesco Petrarca]&quot;

{{lit-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Carmina]]
[[Categoria:Franciscus Petrarca]]
[[Categoria:Italiae scripta]]
[[Categoria:Litterae Italianae]]
[[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 14]]</text>
      <sha1>9q8c3o1m57e26u3xyn5kiw7lf290vj6</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>3964288</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-10T17:58:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andrew Dalby</username>
        <id>1084</id>
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      <comment>bibl</comment>
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      <text bytes="3077" sha1="fufeffsu3xkel6di05ysdxe60l805tq" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Fontaine de Vaucluse en crue.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Flumen|Fluminis]] [[Sorgue|Sorgae]] fons in [[Provincia et Alpis|Provincia]]e vico ''[[Fontaine-de-Vaucluse]]'', qui [[poeta]]m ad hoc carmen scribendum movit]]
&quot;'''Chiare, fresche et dolci acque'''&quot; incipit [[carmen]] CXXVI in serie ''[[Rerum vulgarium fragmenta]]'', quam [[Franciscus Petrarcha]] composuit. Hoc carmen [[memoria]]m Laurae praesentis apud Petrarchae locum in [[Vallis Clausa (praefectura Franciae)|Valle Clausa]] canit. Laura et [[natura]] eandem [[pulchritudo|pulchritudinem]] monstrant; [[poeta]] sperat fore ut hoc loco ipse sepeliatur et Laura [[lacrima|lacrimis]] suis [[pietas|pietatem]] e [[Deus|Deo]] obtineat.&lt;br&gt;

Carmen extat de quinque [[stropha|strophis]], ex versibus undecim aut septem [[syllaba|syllabis]] compositis. In singulis strophis poeta diversos sensus animi exprimit, qui ex contemplatione loci oriuntur: locus amoenus, ubi Lauram poeta vidit, et ubi sperat se sepultum iri. Tempus carminis est ideo praesens (poeta solus visit Sorgae fontem), praeteritum (poeta meminit Laurae)) et futurum (poeta sperat fore ut hic Laura se frustra quaerat et super sepulchrum suum lacrimas fundat).

== Bibliographia ==
[[Fasciculus:Chiare fresche dolci acque.jpg|thumb|Initium carminis in manuscripto anni 1409 exscriptum]]
* W. Theodor Elwert, &quot;Rima e figure retoriche nelle «canzoni sorelle» del Petrarca: «Chiare, fresche e dolci acque» (126) e «Se 'l pensier che mi strugge» (125)&quot; in ''Lettere Italiane'' vol. 34 (1982) pp. 309-327; [https://www.jstor.org/stable/26260766 JSTOR]
* Enrico Fenzi, &quot;R. V. F. CXXVI, «Chiare fresche et dolci acque»&quot; in ''Italianistica'' vol. 20 (1991) pp. 455-486 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/23933953 JSTOR]
* Paolo Garelli, ''Una canzone di Francesco Petrarca, con l'esposizione dedicata ai chiarissimi e nobili miei contemporanei''. Florentiae: Barbera, Bianchi e C., 1858; [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_oYfTJqfh77EC/page/n3/mode/2up Textus]
* Attilio Gentille, ''&quot;Chiare, fresche e dolci acque&quot;, una canzone del Petrarca commentata''. Trieste: Caprin, 1904; [https://archive.org/details/chiarefrescheedo00gent/page/n3/mode/2up Textus]
* Nino Quarta, ''Nuova interpretazione della canzone del Petrarca &quot;Chiare fresche e dolci acque&quot;''. Neapoli: Muca, 1894; [https://archive.org/details/QuartaNuovaInterpretazione/page/n5/mode/2up Textus]
* Nancy J. Vickers, &quot;Re-membering Dante: Petrarch's &quot;Chiare, fresche et dolci acque&quot;&quot; in ''MLN'' vol. 96 (1981) pp. 1-11 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2906426 JSTOR]

== Nexus externi ==
*[http://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Canzoniere_%28Rerum_vulgarium_fragmenta%29/Chiare,_fresche_et_dolci_acque Carmen CXXVI] apud situm it.wikisource.org
* &quot;[https://www.fareletteratura.it/2014/06/13/analisi-del-testo-e-parafrasi-chiare-fresche-et-dolci-acque-petrarca/ Analisi del testo: &quot;Chiare, fresche et dolci acque&quot; di Francesco Petrarca]&quot;

{{lit-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Carmina]]
[[Categoria:Franciscus Petrarca]]
[[Categoria:Italiae scripta]]
[[Categoria:Litterae Italianae]]
[[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 14]]</text>
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        <id>64423</id>
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      <comment>+{{Titulus ad litteram}}</comment>
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      <text bytes="3145" sha1="j9fp15cm5cld13cblo3afopy68f3p6a" xml:space="preserve">{{Titulus ad litteram}}
[[Fasciculus:Fontaine de Vaucluse en crue.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Flumen|Fluminis]] [[Sorgue|Sorgae]] fons in [[Provincia et Alpis|Provincia]]e vico ''[[Fontaine-de-Vaucluse]]'', qui [[poeta]]m ad hoc carmen scribendum movit]]

{{lores|Chiare, fresche et dolci acque}} (‘Clarae, frigidae dulcesque aquae’) incipit [[carmen]] CXXVI in serie ''[[Rerum vulgarium fragmenta]]'', quam [[Franciscus Petrarcha]] composuit. Hoc carmen [[memoria]]m Laurae praesentis apud Petrarchae locum in [[Vallis Clausa (praefectura Franciae)|Valle Clausa]] canit. Laura et [[natura]] eandem [[pulchritudo|pulchritudinem]] monstrant; [[poeta]] sperat fore ut hoc loco ipse sepeliatur et Laura [[lacrima|lacrimis]] suis [[pietas|pietatem]] e [[Deus|Deo]] obtineat.&lt;br&gt;

Carmen extat de quinque [[stropha|strophis]], ex versibus undecim aut septem [[syllaba|syllabis]] compositis. In singulis strophis poeta diversos sensus animi exprimit, qui ex contemplatione loci oriuntur: locus amoenus, ubi Lauram poeta vidit, et ubi sperat se sepultum iri. Tempus carminis est ideo praesens (poeta solus visit Sorgae fontem), praeteritum (poeta meminit Laurae)) et futurum (poeta sperat fore ut hic Laura se frustra quaerat et super sepulchrum suum lacrimas fundat).

== Bibliographia ==
[[Fasciculus:Chiare fresche dolci acque.jpg|thumb|Initium carminis in manuscripto anni 1409 exscriptum]]
* W. Theodor Elwert, &quot;Rima e figure retoriche nelle «canzoni sorelle» del Petrarca: «Chiare, fresche e dolci acque» (126) e «Se 'l pensier che mi strugge» (125)&quot; in ''Lettere Italiane'' vol. 34 (1982) pp. 309-327; [https://www.jstor.org/stable/26260766 JSTOR]
* Enrico Fenzi, &quot;R. V. F. CXXVI, «Chiare fresche et dolci acque»&quot; in ''Italianistica'' vol. 20 (1991) pp. 455-486 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/23933953 JSTOR]
* Paolo Garelli, ''Una canzone di Francesco Petrarca, con l'esposizione dedicata ai chiarissimi e nobili miei contemporanei''. Florentiae: Barbera, Bianchi e C., 1858; [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_oYfTJqfh77EC/page/n3/mode/2up Textus]
* Attilio Gentille, ''&quot;Chiare, fresche e dolci acque&quot;, una canzone del Petrarca commentata''. Trieste: Caprin, 1904; [https://archive.org/details/chiarefrescheedo00gent/page/n3/mode/2up Textus]
* Nino Quarta, ''Nuova interpretazione della canzone del Petrarca &quot;Chiare fresche e dolci acque&quot;''. Neapoli: Muca, 1894; [https://archive.org/details/QuartaNuovaInterpretazione/page/n5/mode/2up Textus]
* Nancy J. Vickers, &quot;Re-membering Dante: Petrarch's &quot;Chiare, fresche et dolci acque&quot;&quot; in ''MLN'' vol. 96 (1981) pp. 1-11 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2906426 JSTOR]

== Nexus externi ==
*[http://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Canzoniere_%28Rerum_vulgarium_fragmenta%29/Chiare,_fresche_et_dolci_acque Carmen CXXVI] apud situm it.wikisource.org
* &quot;[https://www.fareletteratura.it/2014/06/13/analisi-del-testo-e-parafrasi-chiare-fresche-et-dolci-acque-petrarca/ Analisi del testo: &quot;Chiare, fresche et dolci acque&quot; di Francesco Petrarca]&quot;

{{lit-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Carmina]]
[[Categoria:Franciscus Petrarca]]
[[Categoria:Italiae scripta]]
[[Categoria:Litterae Italianae]]
[[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 14]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Orlophica</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>LilyKitty</username>
        <id>18316</id>
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      <comment>de historia Greaca recentiore</comment>
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      <text bytes="4040" sha1="cbu840g6tpgoxpq45m0qadv1jxam390" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Greek Independence 1821.svg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Insigne]] Graecorum seditiosorum.]]
'''Orlophica''' ([[Neograece]] {{Polytonic|Ορλωφικά}}) sunt seditiones [[Graecia|Graecorum]] anno [[1770]] contra [[Imperium Ottomanicum]] ortae. [[Nomen proprium]] trahunt a fratribus Orlovensibus, comitibus [[Gregorius Orlov|Gregorio Gregori filio Orlov]], [[Alexius Orlov|Alexio Gregori filio Orlov]], et [[Theodorus Orlov|Theodoro Gregori filio Orlov]].

== Rerum ordo ==
[[Fasciculus:Graf Orlov.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|left|Comes Gregorius G. Orlov.]] 
[[Bellum Russo-Turcicum (1768–1774)|Bello Russo-Turcico]] (1768–1774) [[Catharina II (imperatrix Russiae)|Catharina II]], imperatrix [[Russia]]e, ut [[Imperium Ottomanicum]] infirmaret, Gregorio Gregori filio Orlov amatore suo instigante, ut putatur, legatos ad duces [[Graecia|Graecorum]] misit, quibuscum Russi fide [[Ecclesiae Orthodoxae|Orthodoxa]] coniuncti erant.

Anno [[1769]] Catharina II classem quattuordecim [[navis bellica|navium bellicarum]] comite Alexio Gregori filio Orlov fratreque Theodoro Gregori filio Orlov ducibus in [[Mare Mediterraneum]] navigare iussit. Vere anni [[1770]] apud [[Oetylum]] naves constituerunt, incolasque [[Mane (paeninsula)|Manes]] [[paeninsula]]e [[Calamata]]eque ut rebellarent cohortati sunt. Tamen solum parvam militum Russicorum manum ad rebellantes adiuvandum e navibus eduxerunt. Etiam in [[Epirus|Epiro]], in [[Cyclades|Cycladibus]] insulis et in [[Creta]] seditiones concitatae sunt.
[[Fasciculus:Chios aivaz.jpg|thumb|[[Ioannes Ajvazovskij]], ''Pugna ad Chium commissa, die 24 Iunii 1770'' (1848).]]

Imprimis in [[Peloponnesus|Peloponneso]] rebelles initio bene successerunt. [[Pylos (oppidum hodiernum)|Pylum]] et [[Myzethras|Myzethram]] expugnaverunt, etiam [[Mesolongium]] et [[Patrae|Patras]]. Cum autem 8000 hominum seditiosorum Graecorum a quinquaginta militibus Russicis adiuti in [[Tripolis (Arcadia)|Tripolim]] progressi sunt, a 15&amp;thinsp;000 militum [[Albani|Albanorum]] ab Ottomanis auxilio advocatis, qui magnum pugnae usum habuerunt, victi sunt. Caedes secuta est, qua multa milia Graecorum trucidati sunt; duces [[clericus|clerici]] Graecorum capitis damnati palis transfixi sunt. Etiam [[Corone]] et [[Methone]] frustra oppugnabatur. Patrae a copiis Ottomanico-Albanis recuperatae deletaeque sunt, item Myzethra, ut seditio in [[Peloponnesus|Peloponneso]] paucis mensibus corruerit. Similem finem rebellio cum aliis in regionibus tum in Creta, cuius dux [[Dascalogiannes]] fuit, cepit.  

Interdum classis Russica in [[Mare Aegaeum]] navigavit, et mense Iulii ineunte apud [[Crene]]n Ottomanos vicit, quae victoria valde adiuvit, ut pax in ''Küçük Kaynarca'' (hodie [[Bulgaria]]) icta sit, qua [[Sublimis Porta]] cladem confessa est.

== Finis == 
Ut Russi Orlophicis fines adepti sunt, ita Graecis spes erepta est, qui, cum plus auxilii a Russicis exoptarent, crudelissime ab Ottomanis tractati sunt et pace Küçük Kaynarca icta nihil utilitatis acceperunt.

==Bibliographia==
* Κώστας Αυγητίδης, «Τα Ορλωφικά 1770-1774. Οι απόψεις των Ρώσων ιστορικών για την τελευταία ελληνική εξέγερση πριν από το 1821», Ιστορικά Θέματα, τχ.54 (Σεπτέμβριος 2006), pp.64-71 {{ling|Neograece}}
* Διονύσιος Τζάκης, «Υποδαυλιζόμενοι παρά της Ρωσίας...Η συμμετοχή των κοτζαμπάσηδων στην εξέγερση του 1770 στην Πελοπόννησο», Ρωσία και Μεσόγειος Πρακτικά Α' Διεθνούς συνεδρίου (Athenae 19-22 Μαΐου 2005), τομ.Β', εκδ.Ηρόδοτος, Athenae, 2011, pp.11-31 {{ling|Neograece}}
* Dakin, Douglas (1973). T''he Greek Struggle for Independence'', 1821-1833. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520023420. {{ling|Anglice}}

{{NexInt}}
*[[Historia Graeciae recentior]]

[[Categoria:Historia Graeciae]]
[[Categoria:Res novae]]
[[Categoria:1770]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Candicattinum Balnei</title>
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      <text bytes="1828" sha1="hjrjmxau7d42izbdvv6r62ad09bx4h9" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa urbis Vicidata}}
[[Fasciculus:Ponte S.Alfano.JPG|thumb|Candicattinum Balnei]]
'''Candicattinum Balnei'''&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20120228182529/http://www.italiapedia.it/&lt;/ref&gt; seu '''Canicatinis Balnea'''&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20120228182529/http://www.italiapedia.it/&lt;/ref&gt; ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Canicattini Bagni|Canicattini Bagni]]''; [[lingua Sicula|Sicule]]: ''[[:scn:Janiattini (SR)|Janiattìni / Ianiattìni]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 7&amp;thinsp;355 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Sicilia]] ac in [[Provincia Regionalis Syracusana|Provincia Regionali Syracusana]] situm. Incolae ''Candicattinenses'' appellantur.

== Insigne ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]''
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Clari cives ==
=== Nati ===
* [[Iosephus Agnello]]
* [[Arturus Basile]]
* [[Laura Di Falco]]
* [[Salvator Miceli]]
* [[Antoninus Uccello]]
* [[Antonius Vasquez]]

== Ecclesia Catholica Romana ==
* [[Archidioecesis Syracusana]]

== Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio ==
== Municipia finitima ==
* [[Netum]],
* ''[[Syracusae (Italia)|Syracusae]]''.

{{NexInt}}
* [[Sicilia]] (''regio''),
* [[Provincia Regionalis Syracusana]],
* [[Syracusae]] (''urbs''),
* [[Municipium Italiae]].

== Nexus externi ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120510185826/http://www.comunedicanicattinibagni.it/ Situs publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}}
{{CommuniaCat|Canicattini Bagni|Candicattinum Balnei}}

== Pinacotheca ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Imago:Map of comune of Canicattini Bagni (province of Syracuse, region Sicily, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii Candicattini Balnei in Provincia Regionali Syracusana.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

{{urbs-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Syracusarum]]</text>
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[[Fasciculus:Avinyo.jpg|thumb|Antiquus medius vicus.]]
'''Avinyo''' ([[Hispanice]] ''Avinyó'') est [[commune]] [[Hispania|Hispanicum]] in [[Catalaunia]]e [[Provincia Barcinonensis|Provincia Barcinonensi]] situm, cui 2321 incolarum anno [[2011] erant.

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Avinyó|Avinyo}}
* [http://www.avinyo.cat/ Situs interretialis communis proprius.]

{{urbs-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Catalonia]]
[[Categoria:Communia Hispaniae]]</text>
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      <text bytes="443" sha1="jmkgpv152bpwqqwsh6gl7bdocnqnceh" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa urbis Vicidata}}
[[Fasciculus:Avinyo.jpg|thumb|Antiquus medius vicus.]]
'''Avinyó''' est [[commune]] [[Hispania|Hispanicum]] in [[Catalaunia]]e [[Provincia Barcinonensis|Provincia Barcinonensi]] situm, cui 2321 incolarum anno [[2011] erant.

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Avinyó|Avinyo}}
* [http://www.avinyo.cat/ Situs interretialis communis proprius.]

{{urbs-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Catalonia]]
[[Categoria:Communia Hispaniae]]</text>
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[[Fasciculus:Avinyo.jpg|thumb|Antiquus medius vicus.]]
'''Avinyó''' est [[commune]] [[Hispania|Hispanicum]] in [[Catalaunia]]e [[Provincia Barcinonensis|Provincia Barcinonensi]] situm, cui 2321 incolarum anno [[2011]] erant.

== Nexus externi ==
{{Fontes geographici}}
{{CommuniaCat|Avinyó|Avinyo}}
* [http://www.avinyo.cat/ Situs interretialis communis proprius.]

{{urbs-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Catalonia]]
[[Categoria:Communia Hispaniae]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Jack Black</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="890" sha1="lhfdo2gjkjfgymam51nu72682ma4bhp" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}}

{{res|Thomas Iacobus Black}} (vulgo ''Jack''; natus [[Monicopolis|Monicopoli]] die [[28 Augusti]] [[1969]]) est [[histrio]] et [[musicus]] et [[comoedus]] [[CFA|Americanus]].

== Pelliculae selectae ==
* [[1996]] - ''[[Mars Attacks!]]''
* [[2006]] - ''[[The Holiday]]''
* [[2008]] - ''[[Kung Fu Panda]]''
* [[2016]] - ''[[Goosebumps]]''
* [[2017]] - ''[[Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle]]''
* [[2018]] - ''[[The House with a Clock in Its Walls]]''
* [[2019]] - ''[[Jumanji: The Next Level]]''
* [[2023]] - ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Movie]]''
* [[2025]] - ''[[A Minecraft Movie]]''
* [[2026]] - ''[[The Super Mario Galaxy Movie]]''

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Jack Black|Thoman Iacobum Black}}
{{Fontes biographici}}
* {{IMDb name|0085312|Thoma Iacobo Black}}

{{bio-stipula}}

{{Lifetime|1969| |Black, Jack}}

[[Categoria:Actores Civitatum Foederatarum]]</text>
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[[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 80130.png|thumb|300px| Bovelles: communis tabula]]
''' Bovelles ''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 391 incolarum (anno [[2009]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Samara (praefectura Franciae)|Samara]] in regione [[Picardia]].
{{NexInt}}
* [[Index communium praefecturae Samarae]]
== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat| Bovelles | Bovelles }}
* {{INSEE commune|80130|de=Bovelles}}
* [http://www.ville-bovelles.fr/ Bovelles pagina interretialis]{{Nexus deficit|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
{{geo-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Suminae]]
[[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Suminae]]</text>
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    <id>170066</id>
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[[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 80182.png|thumb|300px| Cayeux-sur-Mer: communis tabula]]
''' Cayeux-sur-Mer ''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 2813 incolarum (anno [[2009]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Samara (praefectura Franciae)|Samara]] in regione [[Picardia]].
{{NexInt}}
* [[Index communium praefecturae Samarae]]
== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat| Cayeux-sur-Mer | Cayeux-sur-Mer }}
* {{INSEE commune|80182|de=Cayeux-sur-Mer}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20220228134625/https://www.cayeux-sur-mer.fr/ Cayeux-sur-Mer pagina interretialis]
{{geo-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Suminae]]
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[[Fasciculus:FranceNormandieAvernesSaintGourgonEgliseStGourgon.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Avernes-Saint-Gourgon: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Gorgonius|Sancto Gorgonio]] dicata.]]
{{res|Avernes-Saint-Gourgon}} est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 71 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Olina (praefectura Franciae)|Olinae]] in provincia [[Normannia (regio Franciae)|Normanniae]].

{{NexInt}}
* [[Index communium praefecturae Olinae]]

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Avernes-Saint-Gourgon|Avernes-Saint-Gourgon}}
{{INSEE commune|61018|de=Avernes-Saint-Gourgon}}
* [http://www.cdc-camembert.fr/?theme=communes&amp;id=AVERNES De Avernes-Saint-Gourgon apud Societatis Communium paginas interretiales]
* {{opus|url=http://cassini.ehess.fr/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=2155 |titulus=De hoc communi |domus editoria=cassini.ehess.fr}}
{{geo-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Olinae]]
[[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Olinae]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sanctus Nabor (Alba)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <comment>capsa et tabula</comment>
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      <text bytes="893" sha1="nza9vj83v9lzd51i6m1h573o4xyb1jk" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}}
[[Fasciculus: 10354-Saint-Nabord-sur-Aube-Sols.png|thumb|upright=0.8| Saint-Nabord-sur-Aube: communis tabula]]

{{res|Sanctus Nabor}}&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Graesse}}, t. 3, p. 1.&lt;/ref&gt; seu '''Sanctus Nabortus'''&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; seu '''Sanctus Navortius'''&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[Francogallice]] ''Saint-Nabord-sur-Aube'') est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 140 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Alba (praefectura Franciae)|Albae]] in provincia [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]].

{{NexInt}}
* [[Index communium praefecturae Albae|Indicem communium praefecturae Albae]]

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat| Saint-Nabord-sur-Aube |Sanctum Naborem}}
{{INSEE commune|10354|de=Saint-Nabord-sur-Aube}}

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;{{geo-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Albulae]]
[[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Albulae]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>3964245</id>
      <parentid>3964244</parentid>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Pippobuono movit paginam [[Sanctus Nabor]] ad [[Sanctus Nabor (Alba)]]: alia toponyma eiusdem nominis</comment>
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      <text bytes="893" sha1="nza9vj83v9lzd51i6m1h573o4xyb1jk" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}}
[[Fasciculus: 10354-Saint-Nabord-sur-Aube-Sols.png|thumb|upright=0.8| Saint-Nabord-sur-Aube: communis tabula]]

{{res|Sanctus Nabor}}&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Graesse}}, t. 3, p. 1.&lt;/ref&gt; seu '''Sanctus Nabortus'''&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; seu '''Sanctus Navortius'''&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; [[Francogallice]] ''Saint-Nabord-sur-Aube'') est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 140 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Alba (praefectura Franciae)|Albae]] in provincia [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]].

{{NexInt}}
* [[Index communium praefecturae Albae|Indicem communium praefecturae Albae]]

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat| Saint-Nabord-sur-Aube |Sanctum Naborem}}
{{INSEE commune|10354|de=Saint-Nabord-sur-Aube}}

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;{{geo-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Albulae]]
[[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Albulae]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Celerius quam asparagi cocuntur</title>
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[[Fasciculus:Flickr - cyclonebill - Grønne asparges.jpg|thumb|[[Asparagus officinalis|Asparagi]] quam rapidissime coquuntur]]
&quot;'''Celerius quam asparagi cocuntur'''&quot; locutionem saepe ab [[imperator]]e [[Augustus (imperator)|Augusto]] adhibitam refert [[Suetonius]] in &quot;Vita Augusti&quot; (''[[De vita Caesarum]]'' lib. 2).&lt;ref&gt;[[Suetonius]], ''[[De vita Caesarum]]'' &quot;Vita Augusti&quot; [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Augustus*.html#87 87]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Anglice]] verbis &quot;''as quick as boiled asparagus''&quot; reddidit [[Robertus Graves]] et bis divulgavit, primum in [[mythistoria]] ''[[I, Claudius]]'' anno [[1934]] edita, deinde in versione [[1956]] operis Suetoniani, ''The Twelve Caesars'';&lt;ref&gt;Jennifer Eisenlau, &quot;[http://www.literarytraveler.com/articles/robertgraves_rom/ Rome’s Ultimate Guidebook: I, Claudius]&quot; apud ''Literary Traveller'' (30 Nov. 2007).&lt;/ref&gt; unde eadem verba in serie televisuali ''[[I, Claudius (series televisualis)|I, Claudius]]'' ([[1976]]) rursus audiuntur.&lt;ref&gt;Cf. &quot;[http://clairejoannehuxham.blogspot.fr/2012/02/as-quick-as-boiled-asparagus.html As quick as boiled asparagus]&quot; apud ''We're gonna need a bigger boat'' (5 Feb. 2012).&lt;/ref&gt; E locutione Augusti [[scriptor]]es [[ars coquinaria|culinarii]] hac locutione interdum utuntur ut demonstrent [[Asparagus officinalis|asparagos]] rapidissime coquendos.&lt;ref&gt;Sandy Noyes, responsum commentationi Mariani Burros, &quot;[http://dinersjournal.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/06/05/make-it-snappy-but-not-too-snappy/?_r=0 Make It Snappy, but Not Too Snappy]&quot; in ''Diner's Journal'' apud ''[[New York Times]]'' (5 Iunii 2007).&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Robert J. Headrick, &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130602073931/http://www.epicurean.com/articles/asparagus-the-supreme-vegetable.html Asparagus - The Supreme Vegetable]&quot; apud epicurean.com (2008).&lt;/ref&gt;

== Notae ==
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;&lt;references /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

[[Categoria:Augustus]]
[[Categoria:Locutiones Latinae]]

{{Nexus desiderati}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Castrum Florismontis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>190406</id>
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      <text bytes="1723" sha1="diq6nx5ai4dduoazo5bh9bwlpu15w03" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa urbis Vicidata}}
'''Castrum Florismontis'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.tecuting.it/c043018/ev/images/STORIA%20FIORDIMONTE.htm - FIORDIMONTE, Quando è nato il Castello?]{{Nexus deficit|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Fiordimonte|Fiordimonte]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e, et [[Vicus Italiae|fractio]] [[Commune Italiae|municipii]] [[Vallis Fornacis]]. Incolae ''Florismontenses'' appellantur.

== Historia ==
Castrum Florismontis fuit [[Commune Italiae|municipium]] [[Italia]]e, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Marchia Anconitana]] et in [[Provincia Maceratensis|Provincia Maceratensi]] situm.
Die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2017]] '''Municipium''' [[Castrum Florismontis|Castri Florismontis]] coniunxit se cum '''Municipiis''' [[Plebs Boveliani|Plebis Bovelianae]] ut constituiret [[Municipia iuncta Italiae|municipium novum]] '''[[Vallis Fornacis]]'''.

== Ecclesia Catholica Romana ==
* [[Archidioecesis Camerinensis-Sancti Severini in Piceno]]

{{NexInt}}
* [[Marchia Anconitana]] (''regio''),
* [[Picenum]] (''terra''),
* [[Provincia Maceratensis]],
* [[Macerata]] (''urbs''),
* [[Vallis Fornacis]] (''municipium'').

== Nexus externi ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160729205235/http://www.comune.fiordimonte.mc.it/ Pagina officialis]
{{CommuniaCat|Fiordimonte|Castrum Florismontis}}

== Pinacotheca ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Imago:Map of comune of Fiordimonte (province of Macerata, region Marche, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Ex-municipii in Provincia Maceratensi.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

{{urbs-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Fractiones in Provincia Maceratensi]]
[[Categoria:Vici in municipio Vallis Fornacis]]
[[Categoria:Municipia abrogata Italiae]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ziegler</title>
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'''Ziegler''' est nomen multorum hominum, inter eos:

* [[Carolus Ziegler]] (1898–1973), chemicus Germanicus
* [[Ioannes Ziegler]] (1934–2026), politicus Helveticus
* [[Leopoldus Ziegler]] (1881–1958), philosophus Germanicus</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Carolus Sandburg</title>
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      <text bytes="9765" sha1="k8nit3rpntpfun10gbqa8gt98mlpbo7" xml:space="preserve">&lt;!--{{Infobox writer
| name          = Carl Sandburg
| image         = Carl Sandburg NYWTS.jpg
| image_size    =
| alt           =
| caption       = Sandburg in 1955
| birth_name    =
| birth_date    = {{Birth date|1878|1|6}}
| birth_place   = [[Galesburg, Illinois]]
| death_date    = {{Death date and age|1967|7|22|1878|1|6}}
| death_place   = [[Flat Rock, Henderson County, North Carolina]]
| resting_place =
| occupation    = Journalist, author
| nationality   = American
| ethnicity     = Swedish
| education     =
| alma_mater    = [[Lombard College]] (non-graduate)
| period        =
| genre         =
| subject       =
| movement      =
| notableworks  = ''Abraham Lincoln''&lt;br&gt; ''[[Rootabaga Stories]]''
| spouse        = Lilian Steichen
| children      = Margaret, Helga, and Janet
| awards        = {{awd |[[Pulitzer Prize]] |1919, 1940, 1951}}
}}--&gt;
[[Fasciculus:Carl Sandburg NYWTS.jpg|thumb|Carolus Sandburg anno [[1955]].]]
[[Fasciculus:RootabagaStories.jpg|thumb|''Rootabaga Stories,'' [[liber]] [[fabula]]rum iuvenilium.]]
[[Fasciculus:4646 N. Hermitage Ave.JPG|thumb|Carl Sandburg conclave hac in [[domus|domu]] conduxit, ubi [[tres]] annos cum poema &quot;Chicago&quot; scriberet [[habitatio|habitabat]]. Quae nunc est ''landmark'' Sicaginiense.&lt;ref&gt;[http://webapps.cityofchicago.org/LandmarksWeb/landmarkDetail.do?lanID=11400 &quot;Carl Sandburg House,&quot;]{{Nexus deficit|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (Sicagi: City of Chicago Department of Planning and Development, Landmarks Division, 4 Octobris 2006).&lt;/ref&gt;]]

'''Carolus Sandburg''' ([[Anglice]] ''Carl Sandburg''&amp;thinsp;; [[6 Ianuarii]] [[1878]]—[[22 Iulii]] [[1967]]) fuit [[scriptor]], [[editor principalis|editor]], [[historicus]], et [[poeta]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Americanus]]. Tria [[Praemium Pulitzeranum|Praemia Pulitzerana]] abstulit, duo pro [[poesis|poesi]] et unum pro [[biographia]] [[Abrahamus Lincoln|Abrahami Lincoln]].&lt;ref name=Pul/&gt; [[H. L. Mencken]] Sandburg &quot;haud dubie in omni [[vena]]rum pulsu [[Americanus]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[[Anglice]]: &quot;indubitably an American in every pulse-beat.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; appellavit.

==Opera==
*''In Reckless Ecstasy'' (1904), poesis (nomine Charles Sandburg)
*''Abe Lincoln Grows Up'' (N/A)
*''Incidentals'' (1904), poesis et prosa (nomine Charles Sandburg)
*''Plaint of a Rose'' (1908), poesis (nomine Charles Sandburg)
*''Joseffy'' (1910), prosa (nomine Charles Sandburg)
*''You and Your Job'' (1910), prosa (nomine Charles Sandburg)
*''Chicago Poems'' (1916), poesis
*''Cornhuskers'' (1918), poesis
*''Chicago Race Riots'' (1919), prosa, introductio Gualterii Lippmann
*''Clarence Darrow of Chicago'' (1919), prosa
*''Smoke and Steel'' (1920), poesis
*''Rootabaga Stories'' (1922), fabulae iuveniles
*''Slabs of the Sunburnt West'' (1922), poesis
*''Rootabaga Pigeons'' (1923), fabulae iuveniles
*''Selected Poems'' (1926), poesis
*''Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Years'' (1926), biographia
*''The American Songbag'' (1927), carmina folclorica&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=FpZQAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=rCEEAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=6654,1985540&amp;dq=wmaq&amp;hl=en|title=Carl Sandburg Sings On WMAQ Today|date=10 January 1928|work=The Milwaukee Journal|accessdate=6 December 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.archive.org/details/americansongbag029895mbp |title=
The American Songbag (1927)|publisher=Archive.org}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
*''Songs of America'' (1927), carmina folclorica (a Sandburg conlecta, ab Alfredo V. Frankenstein edita)
*''Abe Lincoln Grows Up'' (1928), biographia (praecipue pro pueris)
*''Good Morning, America'' (1928), poesis
*''Steichen the Photographer'' (1929), historia
*''Early Moon'' (1930), poesis
*''Potato Face'' (1930), fabulae iuveniles
*''Mary Lincoln: Wife and Widow'' (1932), biographia
*''The People, Yes'' (1936), poesis
*''Abraham Lincoln: The War Years'' (1939), biographia
*''Storm over the Land'' (1942), biographia (loci ex suo ''Abraham Lincoln: The War Years'')
*''Road to Victory'' (1942), catalogus [[exhibitio]]nis (textus Sandburg; imagines ab [[Eduardus Steichen|Eduardo Steichen]] conlectae; liber a [[Museum Artis Modernae|Museo Artis Modernae]] prolatus)
*''Home Front Memo'' (1943), commentarii&lt;!--essays--&gt;
*''Remembrance Rock'' (1948), [[mythistoria]]
*''Lincoln Collector: The Story of the Oliver R. Barrett Lincoln Collection'' (1949), prosa
*''The New American Songbag'' (1950), carmina folklorica
*''Complete Poems'' (1950), poesis
*''The Wedding Procession of the Rag Doll and the Broom Handle and Who Was In It'' (1950), fabula iuvenilis
*''Always the Young Strangers'' (1953), autobiographia
*''Selected Poems of Carl Sandburg'' (1954), poesis (ed. [[Rebecca West]])
*''The Family of Man'' (1955), catalogus exhibitionis (introductio; ab [[Eduardus Steichen|Eduardo Steichen]] conlectae
*''Prairie-Town Boy'' (1955), autobiography (loci ex suo ''Always the Young Strangers'')
*''Sandburg Range'' (1957), prosa poesis
*''Harvest Poems, 1910–1960'' (1960), poesis
*''Wind Song'' (1960), poetry
*''The World of Carl Sandburg'' (1960), ludus scaenicus (adaptatus et directus a [[Norman Corwin]], lectiones dramaticae a [[Bette Davis]] et [[Leif Erickson]], cantio et [[cithara]] a [[Clark Allen]], cum verbis terminalibus ipsius Sandburg)&lt;!--references moved to article--&gt;
*''Carl Sandburg at Gettysburg'' (1961), documentarium&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0956524/|title=CBS Reports, Season 2, Episode 12|publisher=IMDb|accessdate=18 April 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*''Honey and Salt'' (1963), (poesis
*''The Letters of Carl Sandburg'' (1968), [[epistula]]e quasi autobiographicae (ed. [[Herbertus Mitgang]])
*''Breathing Tokens'' (1978), poesis Sandburgiana, ed. Margaret Sandburg)
*''Ever the Winds of Chance'' (1983), [[autobiographia]] (a Sandburg coepta, a Margareta Sandburg et Georgio Hendrick finita)
*''Carl Sandburg at the Movies: A Poet in the Silent Era, 1920–1927'' (1985), nonnullae eius recognitiones [[pellicula silens|pellicularum silentium]] (conlectae et editae a Dale Fetherling et Doug Fetherling)
*''Billy Sunday and Other Poems'' (1993), poesis (ed. cum introductione a Georgio Hendrick et Willene Hendrick scripta)
*''Poems for Children Nowhere Near Old Enough to Vote'' (1999), poesis (conlectae cum introductione a Georgio et Willene Hendrick scripta)
*''Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Years and the War Years'' (2007), biographia (editio illustrata, introductione ab Alan Axelrod scripta)

{{NexInt}}&lt;!--
{{Portal|Poetry|Novels}}--&gt;
*[[Nationale Situs Domus Historica Caroli Sandburg]]

==Adnotationes==
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;&lt;references/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

==Bibliographia==
*Niven, Penelope. [[1991]]. ''Carl Sandburg: A Biography.'' Novi Eboraci: Scribner's.
*Sandburg, Carl. [[1968]]. ''The letters of Carl Sandburg.'' Novi Eboraci: Harcourt, Brace &amp; World.
*Sandburg, Helga. [[1978]]. ''A Great and Glorious Romance: The Story of Carl Sandburg and Lilian Steichen.'' Novi Eboraci: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

==Nexus externi==
{{wikiquote}}
{{Fontes biographici}}&lt;!--
{{wikisource author|Carl Sandburg}}--&gt;
*{{worldcat id|id=lccn-n79-11105}}
*[http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=%22carl%20sandburg%22 Biographia,] www.archive.org (Internet Archive)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20041212234807/http://foia.fbi.gov/foiaindex/sandburg_c.htm Carolus Sandburg,] foia.fbi.gov (FBI)
*[http://www.archive.org/details/CavalcadeOfAmerica ''Cavalcade of America,'' (fasciculi sonici),] www.archive.org&lt;!-- featuring Carl Sandburg --&gt; (Internet Archive)
*[http://www.sandburg.org/ Locus natalis Caroli Sandburg, Galesburgi Illinoesia]e, www.sandburg.org
* [http://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/episodes/carl-sandburg/film-the-day-carl-sandburg-died/2329/ &quot;The Day Carl Sandburg Died,&quot;] www.pbs.org (PBS, ''American Masters'')
*[http://www.nps.gov/carl/ Domus Caroli Sandburg, Carolina Septentrionalis,] www.nps.gov (National Park Service)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20191018045418/http://netnebraska.org/interactive-multimedia/television/carl-sandburg-prayers-people ''Prayers for the People: Carl Sandburg's Poetry and Songs,''] netnebraska.org (Nebraska Educational Telecommunications, University of Nebraska)
*[http://www.library.illinois.edu/rbx/sandburg.html Thesauri datorum de Carolo Sandburg,] www.library.illinois.edu (Universitas Illinoesiae)&lt;!--
*[http://news.illinois.edu/news/13/0118unpublished_gun_poem_CarlSandburg.html Previously unknown Sandburg poem focuses on power of the gun]--&gt;

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sandburg, Carolus}}
[[Categoria:Nati 1878]]
[[Categoria:Mortui 1967]]
[[Categoria:Auctores Anglici]]
[[Categoria:Autobiographi]]
[[Categoria:Biographi]]&lt;!--melius: B. Civitatum Foederatarum--&gt;
[[Categoria:Cantores Civitatum Foederatarum]]
[[Categoria:Citharistae Civitatum Foederatarum]]&lt;!--
[[Categoria:Domus Vasensis]] =Vasa House--&gt;
[[Categoria:Historici Civitatum Foederatarum]]
[[Categoria:Incolae Carolinae Septentrionalis]]
[[Categoria:Incolae Illinoesiae]]
[[Categoria:Incolae Visconsiniae]]
[[Categoria:Poetae Civitatum Foederatarum]]
[[Categoria:Praemium Pulitzer]]&lt;!-- melius: Pulitzer Prize for History winners + Pulitzer Prize for Poetry winners--&gt;
[[Categoria:Scriptores Civitatum Foederatarum]]
[[Categoria:Scriptores mythistoriarum Civitatum Foederatarum]]
[[Categoria:Socialistae Civitatum Foederatarum]]&lt;!--
[[Category:American folk-song collectors]]
[[Category:American people of Swedish descent]]
[[Category:Industrial Workers of the World members]]
[[Category:Members of the Socialist Party of America]]
[[Category:Grammy Award-winning artists]]
[[Category:Historians of the United States]]
[[Category:People associated with the Dil Pickle Club]]
[[Category:People from Elmhurst, Illinois]]
[[Category:People from Galesburg, Illinois]]
[[Category:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients]]--&gt;

{{Myrias|Homines}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Carolus Michel</title>
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{{Capsa hominis Vicidata}}
'''Carolus''', vulgo ''Charles'' '''Michel''' ([[Namurcum|Namurci]] natus die [[21 Decembris]] [[1975]]) est politicus [[Belgia]]e et primus minister patriae (2014-2019).

Filius est politici Belgici et [[Unio Europaea|Europaei]] [[Ludovicus Michel|Ludovici Michel]], qui minister rerum externarum annis 1999-2004 meruerit. Carolus Michel alumnus est [[Universitas Libera Bruxellensis (ULB)|Universitatis Liberae Bruxellensis]] et [[Universitas Amstelodamensis|Universitatis Amstelodamensis]], ubi iuris prudentiae studuit laurasque anno [[1998]] nactus est. Iuris consultus [[Bruxellae|Bruxellis]] in urbe factus est, sed iam ab iuventute sodalis fuerat [[Motus Reformator (Belgia)|Motus Reformatoris]] et anno [[1999]] ad [[Parlamentum Belgicum|parlamentum foederale]] legatus est pro [[Brabantia Wallonica]] (regione illius factionis fautore). Anno insequenti minister rerum internarum rectionis Vallonensis creatus est, sed a die [[21 Decembris]] [[2007]] minister evolutionis cooperativae rectionis Belgiae foederalis. Primis ministris successivis [[Guido Verhofstadt|Guidone Verhofstadt]], [[Ivo Leterme|Ivone Leterme]], [[Hermannus Van Rompuy|Hermanno Van Rompuy]] rursusque Ivone Leterme, id officium usque ad [[14 Februarii]] [[2011]] retinuit, quo die praeses [[Motus Reformator (Belgia)|Motus Reformatoris]] electus est. A die [[11 Octobris]] [[2014]] primus minister meret, sed die [[18 Decembris]] [[2018]] dimissionem suam promisit.

Carolus Michel die [[2 Iulii]] [[2019]] praesidem [[Consilium Europaeum|Consilii Europaei]] nominatus est quod a die [[1 Decembris]] [[2019]] efficietur.&lt;ref&gt;Vide [https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dec/2019/1135/oj resolutionem Consilii Europaei].&lt;/ref&gt;

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Bibliographia ==
[[Fasciculus:Secretary Pompeo Meets with Belgian Prime Minister Michel in Brussels cropped.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|[[Michael Pompeo]] secretarius civicus [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum]] (ad sinistram) cum Carolo Michel [[Bruxellae|Bruxellis]] die [[4 Decembris]] [[2018]] colloquens]]
* Daniel Boffey, &quot;[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/dec/18/belgian-pm-charles-michel-resigns-no-confidence-motion Belgian PM Charles Michel resigns after no-confidence motion]&quot; in ''[[The Guardian]]'' (18 Decembris 2018)
* Leo Cendrowicz, &quot;[http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/10/belgium-coalition-government-charles-michel-flemish-separatist-n-va Belgium’s ‘kamikaze coalition’ to be sworn in 138 days after elections]&quot; in ''[[The Guardian]]'' (10 Octobris 2014)
* Roel Wauters, &quot;[http://www.demorgen.be/binnenland/michel-vs-reynders-waarom-de-mr-elke-keer-wat-anders-zegt-a1930064/ Michel vs. Reynders: waarom de MR elke keer wat anders zegt]&quot; in ''[[De Morgen]]'' (27 Iunii 2014)

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Charles Michel (politician)|Carolum Michel}}
{{Fontes biographici}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20020606004031/http://www.charlesmichel.be/ Situs officialis]

{{Praesides Consilii Europaei}}
{{Primi Ministri Belgici}}
{{Ministri Belgici Michel}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Michel, Carolus}}

[[Categoria:Nati 1975]]
[[Categoria:Homines vivi]]
[[Categoria:Politici Belgicae]]
[[Categoria:Gubernatores civitatum]]
[[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Liberae Bruxellensis (ULB)]]
[[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Amstelodamensis]]
[[Categoria:Iuris consulti]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Buriae (Francia)</title>
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{{Videhom|Buriae (Italia)}}
'''Buriae''',&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Buriae&quot;: Hippolyte Cocheris, ''Anciens noms des communes de Seine-et-Oise'' (1874) [http://www.corpusetampois.com/cls-19-cocheris1874dictionnaire.html recensio interretialis]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Francogallice]] ''Bures-sur-Yvette'', est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 9'726 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Exona (praefectura Franciae)|Exonae]] in regione [[Insula Franciae]]. Ibi sedet [[Institutum Studiorum Superiorum Scientificorum (Lutetia)|Institutum Studiorum Superiorum Scientificorum]], anno [[1958]] [[Lutetia]]e conditum.

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

{{NexInt}}
* [[Index communium praefecturae Exonae]]

== Nexus externi ==
[[Fasciculus: Couchersoleil.jpg|thumb|Bures-sur-Yvette: despectus in urbiculam]]
{{Fontes geographici}}
{{CommuniaCat|Bures-sur-Yvette|Bures-sur-Yvette}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160710113909/http://www.bures-sur-yvette.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis]
* [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=6304 De hoc commune apud cassini.ehess.fr]

{{geo-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Exonae]]
[[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Exonae]]
[[Categoria:Buriae|!]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Genus florale</title>
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      <comment>de Die mundiali generis florali</comment>
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      <text bytes="9237" sha1="krm6bgmsessu3x7u3abgq3puvwa5xv8" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Tischlampe Schleiertänzerin BNM.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Lucerna mensalis]], a [[Franciscus Raoul Larche|Francisco Raoul Larche]] [[aes inauratus|aere inaurato]] facta, [[saltatrix|saltatrice]] [[Loïe Fuller]] exemplari.]]
[[Fasciculus:Louis Majorelle - Wall Cabinet - Walters 6587.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Ludovicus Majorelle|Ludovici Majorelle]] [[armarium]] muralis.]]
[[Fasciculus:Gustav Klimt 046.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Adele Bloch-Bauer 1, a [[Gustavus Klimt|Gustavo Klimt]] picta.]]
[[Fasciculus:Wien Karlsplatz Stadtbahnstation.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Statio ferriviaria|Statio]] [[ferrivia subterranea|ferriviae subterraneae]] Vindobonae.]]
[[Fasciculus:Alfons Mucha - Fruit2.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Alfons Mucha, ''Fructus'' ([[Anglice]] ''Fruit''), 1897.]]

{{res|Genus florale}},&lt;ref&gt;Christian Helfer, ''Lexicon  auxiliare'', Saarbrücken 1985, p. 225&lt;/ref&gt; vel {{res|genus Libertyanum}},&lt;ref&gt;''Visuelles Wörterbuch Latein-Deutsch'' (Monaci: Dorling Kindersley, 2010), 301.&lt;/ref&gt; fuit [[genus (ars)|genus]] et inclinatio artificum sat multis in terris [[orbis terrarum]] dispersorum ad novas artes creandas.

==Introductio==
Artes figurativae et applicatae inter crepusculum [[saeculum 19|undevicensimi saeculi]] et diluculum [[saeculum 20|vicensimi saeculi]] ad nova tendebant: obiter architectura et architectura interiorum, [[supellex|suppellectiles]], [[praeconia|artes praeconiae]], opera [[figlina]], pictae effigiei [[liber|librorum]] his rebus tacta sunt. [[Litterae]] et [[musica]]e paulo minus, sed nihilominus etiam movebantur. 

Varia sunt nomina generis citati: in [[Imperium Austro-Hungaricum|Austria]] id nominabant '''''Secessionsstil''''', in [[Francia]] '''''art nouveau''''' (Anglice etiam '''modern style''' appellatum), in Italia  '''''stile florale''''' vel ''stile Liberty'' (nomen hoc ducitur ab artifice quodam celebri). Theodisca versio '''''Jugendstil''''' a [[periodicum|periodico]] ''Die Jugend'' venit. Usitatissima est tamen vox Francica. ''La Maison de l’Art Nouveau'' nomen cuiusdam [[exhibitio|expositionis]] erat, quam [[Hamburgum|Hamburgensis]] iconopola [[Sigfridus Bing]] [[Lutetia]]e saeculo undevicensimo exeunte inauguraverat.

==Elementa formarum== 
Exemplaria signa generis floralis sunt et lineae curvae longae [[planta]]s imitantes et ornamenta plana [[geometria|geometrica]] saepe ad [[asymmetria|asymmetrica]] spectantia: res fiunt materiis haud raro exoticis et a rebus plebis vulgaris differentibus. Scopus supremus fuit abrogatio inter [[ars|artem]] et [[vita]]m, sed etiam inter artifices ipsos. Inde sequitur multos artifices novi generi participantes in diversissimis campis operam navabant. Movebant hoc novum genus variae artes: verbi gratia ars [[Iaponia|Iaponica]] quoad [[xylographia]]s multicolores et Francicus [[Impressionismus]] posterior. Artifices ipsi praescriberent hominibus novas formas, ut Anglus [[Gulielmus Morris]] et eius societas &quot;Arts and Crafts Movement&quot; impingenter postulabant.

==Descriptio terrarum quarundam electarum==
===Anglia et Scotia===
In [[Anglia]], radices primae generis floralis usque ad [[Gulielmus Blake|Gulielmum Blake]]  et [[Raphael Sanctius Urbinas|Praeraphaelenses]] panduntur. [[Arthurus Mackmurdo]], [[Architectura|Architectus]] et delineator qui anno [[1882]] [[Londinium|Londinii]] officinam ad supellectiles conficiendas aperuerat, partes graves egit. Genus autem culmen attigit textilibus quae institor [[Arthurus Liberty]] in taberna sua (anno 1875 condita) venum obtulit, sed etiam effigiebus ab [[Aubrey Beardsley]] pictis in commentariis &quot;The Yellow Book&quot; (1894). Ne obliviscaris dramatis titulo ''Salomé'' (1894) a scriptore [[Anscharius Wilde|Anschario Wilde]] exarati. [[Exhibitio|Expositionibus]] inde ab anno [[1888]] quotannis factis supra citata associatio &quot;Arts and Crafts&quot; facile novas ideas propagare potuit. Alii [[Europa]]ei avidissime vorabant tractationes periodici ''The Studio,'' quod fundatum erat anno [[1893]].

In [[Scotia]] praevalebat ratio sobrior in quaestibus artificiosis, quam institutum Glasgow School praecepit. Cuius assectator notissimus erat architectus Charles Rennie Mackintosh. Habitacula ab eo constructa cum ornamentis et interioribus [[modernismus|modernissimis]] maximi momenti erant.

===Francia et Belgium===
In [[Belgium|Belgio]] diversa exemplaria aedificia architectorum [[Victor Horta|Victoris Horta]] et [[Henricus van de Velde|Henrici van de Velde]] miracula habebantur. Ambo domos scalis convexis instruxerunt, maenianis et [[ianua|ianuis]] ferro fuso. Van de Velde in diversis aliis statibus porro operam dabat. Etiam in [[Francia]], ubi genus florale factum est reactio contra Impressionismum, revera vigebat ista nova [[architectura]], cuius dux [[Hector Guimard]] erat, qui, ab Horta motus, creavit proprium genus exoticum. Id in introitibus ad [[ferrivia subterranea|ferriviam subterraneam]] [[Lutetia]]e hodieque sentiri potest (1898-1901). Gravis ponderis in decorum artibus erant artifices [[Aemilius Gallé]] et [[Renatus Lalique]] (in vitreis), [[Ludovicus Majorelle]] (in supellectilibus), [[Alphonsus Mucha]] et [[Henricus de Toulouse-Lautrec]] (in libellis publice affixus).

===Germania===
In [[Germania]] erant diversi loci generis floralis: incohata sunt cuncta [[Monachium|Monachii]], ubi anno [[1892]] secessio quae nuncupabatur fiebat. Hic operam nabant [[pictor]] [[Franciscus von Stuck]] necnon architecti [[Petrus Behrens]], [[Ricardus Riemerschmid]], et [[Augustus Endell]]. [[Pictura|Picturis]] ad [[periodicum|periodicorum]] moderatores missis (e.g. periodici ''Simplicissimus'') [[ars adhibita|artes applicatae]] quoque istis novis rebus infectae sunt.  [[Darmstadium|Darmstadii]] artifices in Colle Mathildis coloniam sibi condiderunt, duce [[Ernestus Ludovicus dux Darmstadii|Ernesto Ludovico]]{{dubsig}} favente, et magna voce vulgabant nuntium artem et quaestus artificiosas renovanda esse. [[Iosephus Maria Olbrich]] et [[Petrus Behrens]] [[ergasterium|ergasteria]] et habitacula struenda curabant, quae ipsa praeconia novarum notionum fiebant.

===Imperium Austro-Hungaricum===
[[Austria|Austriaca]] artis novae sedes erat [[Vindobona]], ubi condita est anno [[1897]] societas Wiener Secession. Quod fovebant et magna vi iuvabant pictor [[Gustavus Klimt]], architectus interiorum pictorque [[Koloman Moser]] et architecti [[Otto Wagner]] et [[Iosephus Maria Olbrich]]; Olbrich etiam aedem pro conventibus construxit. Moser et [[Iosephus Hoffmann]] condiderunt officinam sic dictam Wiener Werkstätte, ubi fabricata sunt exemplaria exquisitissima [[vestimentum|vestimentorum]], [[gemma (lapis)|gemmarum]], supellectilium, [[liber|librorum]] involucrorum; quae omnia inter notissima quoad artem recte adhibendam in genere florali numerantur. [[Ichnographia]]e variae ab [[Otto Wagner|Ottone Wagner]] et [[Adolphus Loos|Adolpho Loos]] factae architecturam totius saeculi vicensimi mutare potuerunt.

===Italia, Hispania, Civitates Foederatae Americae===
[[Italia|Italici]] generi novi etiam nomen [[Arthurus Liberty|Arthuri Liberty]] dederunt. In [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatibus Foederatis]], libelli publice affixi maxime effecerunt. Ibidem etiam pictor et faber gemmarius [[Ludovicus Comfort Tiffany]] operam navabat in faciendis [[lampas|lampadis]] umbraculis et [[vas|vasīs]] [[vitrum|vitreis]]. In [[Hispania]], [[Antonius Gaudi]] in architectura et decoris artibus genus magis adaptabat (Palatium et viridarium Güell; Casa Milá [[Barcino|Barcinone]]). 

Circa annum [[1910]], genus florale occidere coepit; eius partes tunc elegantissima [[Ars déco]] qua dicitur suscepit.

==Notae==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Bibliographia==
*Duncan, Alastair. [[1994]]. Art Nouveau. ''World of Art.'' Novi Eboraci: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0500202737.
*Heller, Steven, et Seymour Chwast. [[2001]]. ''Graphic Style from Victorian to Digital.'' Ed. nova. Novi Eboraci: Harry N. Abrams, Inc.
*Jugendstil. [[2006]]. ''Microsoft Encarta 2007 Enzyklopädie.'' DVD. Microsoft Corporation.
*Sterner, Gabriele. [[1982]]. ''Art Nouveau, an Art of Transition: From Individualism to Mass Society.'' Conversus ex Theodisca ''Jugendstil: Kunstformen zwischen Individualismus und Massengesellschaft'' a Frederick G. Peters et Diana S. Peters. Woodbury Novi Eboraci: Barron's Educational Series. ISBN 0812021053.

{{NexInt}}
*[[Modernismus]]
*[[Neoclassicismus]]
*''[[Gesamtkunstwerk]]''
*[[Dies mundialis generis floralis]]
==Nexus externi==
 {{Commonscat|Art Nouveau}}
*[http://www.pbase.com/bauer/jugendstil_art_nouveau_belle_epoque European Jugendstil]
*[http://www.jugendstil-in-karlsruhe.de Genus florale apudKarlsruhe]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20171102102229/http://www.szecesszio.com/ szecesszio.com – Genus florale in Hungaria]
*[http://www.jugendstilsenteret.no/ Genus florale in Norvegia] 
*[http://www.lartnouveau.com/ lartnouveau.com]
*[http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/jugend/ Periodicum ''Münchner Jugend'']
*[http://www.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/helios/fachinfo/www/kunst/digilit/artjournals/dk_deko.html Periodicum ''Deutsche Kunst und Dekoration'']
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20121202000344/http://www.behrenspiano.de/ Clavichordium Schiedmayer in musicae aula domus Behrens (1901)]

[[Categoria:Genera artis]]

{{Myrias|Ars}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Biologia marina</title>
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      <text bytes="8178" sha1="j5k3cxzy4hsakuz2etcxi8gmw4g1j69" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:BlueMarble-2001-2002.jpg|thumb|400px|Solum 29 centesimae [[superficies|superficiei]] [[tellus|orbis terrarum]] est terra; reliquum est [[oceanus]], [[domus]] [[animale marinum|vitae marinae]]. Oceani peraeque sunt paene 4 [[chiliometra]] alti, et [[litus|litoribus]] habent quae ad 360&amp;thinsp;000 [[chiliometra|chiliometrorum]] perveniunt.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|last=Charette|first=Matthew|author2=Smith, Walter H. F.|title=The volume of Earth's ocean|journal=Oceanography|year=2010|volume=23|issue=2|pages=112–114|doi=10.5670/oceanog.2010.nbjhbhҪ51|url=http://www.tos.org/oceanography/archive/23-2_charette.html}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20100105171656/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/xx.html Tellus ex spatio visa,] ''The World Factbook'' (CIA).&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[Fasciculus:Challenger.jpg|thumb|[[Challenger (1858)|''Challenger'']] per suam [[Expeditio Challenger|expeditionem]] annorum ab [[1872]] ad [[1876]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Maldivesfish2.jpg|thumb|[[Scopulus curalii|Scopuli curalii]] oecosystemata marina multiplicia formant quibus [[biodiversitas]] extraordinaria est.]]
[[Fasciculus:Crown of Thorns-jonhanson.jpg|thumb|''[[Acanthaster planci]].'']]
[[Fasciculus:Chelonia mydas and bubbles.jpg|thumb|''[[Chelonia mydas]].'']]
[[Fasciculus:Copepodkils.jpg|thumb|[[Copepoda|Copepodum]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Tide pools in santa cruz.jpg|thumb|[[Lacuna aestus|Lacunae aestus]] cum [[stella marina|stellis marinis]] et [[actiniaria|actiniariis]] ante [[litus]] [[Sancta Crux|Sanctae Crucis]] [[California]]e.]]

'''Biologia marina''' est studium [[scientia (ratio)|scientificum]] [[organismus|organismorum]] in [[oceanus|oceano]] vel aliorum [[corpus aquae|corporum aquae]]. Quia in [[biologia]] multis [[phylum|phylis]], [[familia (taxinomia)|familiis]], et [[genus (taxinomia)|generibus]] sunt nonnullae [[species]] quae [[mare|mare]] et aliae quae [[terra]]m [[habitatio|habitant]], biologia marina species in classibus [[taxinomia|describit]] per [[circumiecta naturalia]], potius quam [[taxinomia]]. Biologia marina ab [[oecologia|oecologia marina]] differt quia [[oecologia|illa]] modum investigat quo [[organismus|organismi]] inter se et cum circumiectis naturalibus agunt, quandoquidem [[biologia|hic]] studium organismorum ipsorum est.

Magna omnis [[vita in tellure|vitae in tellure]] pars [[oceanus|oceanum]] [[habitatio|habitat]]. [[Magnitudo]] proportionis nescitur, quia multae species oceanicae nondum inventae sunt. Oceanus est multiplex [[spatium dimentionum trium|trium dimensionum]] mundus,&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.marine-conservation.org/media/shining_sea/theme_oceanography.htm Proprietates oceanographicae et bathymetricae,] ''Marine Conservation Institute.''&lt;/ref&gt; qui circa 71 centesimas [[superficies|superficiei]] [[tellus|orbis terrarum]] tegit. [[Habitatio]]nes in biologia marina investigatae omnes comprehendit res a minusculis [[aqua]]e superficialis stratis ubi organismi et res abioticae per [[tensio superficialis|tensionem superficialem]] inter oceanum et [[atmosphaera]]m inlaqueari possunt, ad [[altitudo|altitudines]] [[fossa oceanica|fossarum oceanicarum]], aliquando 10&amp;thinsp;000 metrorum vel plus sub superficie oceanica. Inter certas habitationes sunt [[scopulus curalii|scopuli curalii]], [[silva phaeophycearum|silvae phaeophycearum]], [[pratum graminis oceanici|prata graminis oceanici]], circumiecta [[mons marinus|montium marinorum]] et [[spiramentum thermale|spiramentorum thermalium]], [[lacuna aestus|lacunae astus]], fundi lutulenti, arenosi, et [[saxum|saxosi]], atque aperta zona [[oceanus|oceanica]] vel [[pelagus|pelagica]], ubi res [[solidus|solidae]] sunt rarae et [[superficies]] [[aqua]]tica est solus fines qui videri potest. Organismi investigati inter [[phytoplankton]] et [[zooplankton]] microscopica et ingentes [[balaena]]s 30 [[metra]] longas variant.

Vita marina est opes vastae, quae [[cibus|cibum]], [[medicina]]m, infectasque [[materia]]s praebet, ac [[recreatio]]nem et [[periegesis|periegesim]] omnem per [[tellus|orbem terrarum]] sustinet. Ipsissimam [[natura]]m nostri [[planeta]]e funditus constituit. Organismi marini ad [[circulus oxygenii|circulum oxygenii]] conferunt, in ordinato [[tellus|telluris]] [[clima]]te implicantur,&lt;ref&gt;Foley, Taylor, et Ghan 1991.&lt;/ref&gt; et [[litus|litora]] partim formant et protegunt; nonnulli praeterea organismi marini etiam terram novam creare adiuvant.&lt;ref&gt;Sousa 1986.&lt;/ref&gt;

Multae [[species]] hominibus [[oeconomia|oeconomice]] magni momenti sunt, inter quas [[piscatus|pisces edules]] ([[animalia]] cum et sine [[pinna|pinnis]]). Magis magisque scientia intellegit [[salus|salutem]] [[organismus|organismorum]] maritimorum et aliorum organismorum modis profundis coniungi. Corpus scientiae de coniunctione [[vita]]e in mari et circulis magni momenti rapide crescit, novis inventis paene quotidie promulgatis. Inter hos circulos sunt res materiae (sicut [[circulus carbonicus]]) et [[aer]]is (sicut [[exemplar climatis globale|respirationis telluris]]), et motus [[energia]]e per [[oecosystema]]ta, [[oceanus|oceano]] non excluso. Magnae [[regio]]nes sub [[superficies|superficie]] oceanica reapse nondum exploratae manent.

{{NexInt}}
{{Div col|2}}
*[[Aestuarium]]
*[[Aestus]]
*[[Aquarium]]
*[[Aquacultura]]
*[[Bathymetria]]&lt;!--
*[[Biologia aquae dulcis]]--&gt;
*[[Clima oceanicum]]
*[[Mammale marinum]]
*[[Oecologia acustica]]
*[[Phycologia]]&lt;!-- +
* [[Modular ocean model]]
* [[World Ocean Atlas]]--&gt;
{{Div col end}}

==Indices==
*[[Glossarium oecologiae]]&lt;!--
*[[Index commentariorum de biologia]]
*[[Large marine ecosystem]]
*[[List of ecologists]]
*[[List of marine biologists]]
*[[List of marine ecoregions (WWF)]]
*[Outline of biology]]
*[[Outline of ecology]]--&gt;

==Notae==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Bibliographia==
*Foley, Jonathan A., Karl E. Taylor, et Steven J. Ghan. [[1991]]. Planktonic dimethylsulfide and cloud albedo: An estimate of the feedback response. ''Climatic Change'' 18(1):1. doi:10.1007/BF00142502.&lt;!--http://www.springerlink.com/content/hm3h1q666x206h46--&gt;
*Friedrich, Hermann. [[1969]]. ''Marine biology, an introduction to its problems and results.'' Conv. ex Theodisca a Gwynne Vevers. Seattli: University of Washington Press.
*Lucas, Joseph, et Pamela Critch. [[1974]]. ''Life in the oceans.'' Londinii: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 0500080143, ISBN 0500100144.
*Mariscal, Richard N.,  ed. [[1974]]. ''Experimental marine biology.'' Novi Eboraci: Academic Press. ISBN 0124724507.
*Morrissey, J., et J. Sumich. [[2011]]. [http://books.google.co.nz/books?id=2cm_s-I01kcC&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;dq=%22Introduction+to+the+Biology+of+Marine+Life%22&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=xGpWVMDQDuXUmgXO74KACA&amp;ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Introduction%20to%20the%20Biology%20of%20Marine%20Life%22&amp;f=false ''Introduction to the Biology of Marine Life.''] Jones &amp; Bartlett Publishers. ISBN 9780763781606.
*Sousa, Wayne P. [[1986]]. [https://books.google.com/books?id=jIj-qAflWxQC&amp;pg=PA101&amp;dq=patch+dynamics+shoreline Disturbance and Patch Dynamics on Rocky Intertidal Shores.] In ''The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch Dynamics,'' ed. Steward T. A. Pickett et P. S. White, capitulum 7. Academic Press. ISBN 0125545215.

==Nexus externi==
{{CommuniaCat|Marine biology|biologiam marinam}}
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iGRJjuMLMgE Creaturae Oceani Alti,] www.youtube.com (documentarium, ''National Geographic,'' 2010)
*[http://www.exploris.org.uk Exploris,] www.exploris.org.uk
*[http://content.lib.washington.edu/fishweb/index.html &quot;Freshwater and Marine Image Bank,&quot;] content.lib.washington.edu (University of Washington Library)
*[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/mae.2011.32.issue-s1/issuetoc &quot;Marine Biology in Time and Space,&quot;] onlinelibrary.wiley.com
*[http://www.wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/maec Oecologia marina, cosmotheoria evolutionaria]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} www.wileyonlinelibrary.com
*[http://ocean.si.edu/ Porta Oceani Smithsoniana,] ocean.si.edu
*[http://www.mcsuk.org/ Societas Conservationis Marinae,] www.mcsuk.org

[[Categoria:Biologia marina| ]]
[[Categoria:Oecologia aquatica]]
[[Categoria:Oceanographia]]

[[Categoria:Piscatus]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Birsa (flumen Iurae)</title>
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      <text bytes="2011" sha1="g3todcia29pidwbot5vmh9xvxbxce1b" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Laufen Wasserfall.jpg|thumb|Cataracta Birsae apud urbem Laufen.]]
[[Fasciculus:2010-08-25 birswasserfall.jpg|thumb|Cataracta artificialis Birsae apud vicum [[Rupes Monachorum]].]]
[[Fasciculus:2009-09-13 birswasserfall.jpg|thumb|Moles Birsae loco ''Novus mundus'' aquam ad canalem monasterii [[Monasterium Sancti Albani (Basilea)|Sancti Albani]] Basileae ducens.]]
'''Birsa''' est flumen montis [[Iura (mons)|Iurae]] in [[Helvetia]] 73 [[chiliometrum|chiliometrorum]] longum [[Rhenus|Rhenum]] affluens.

== Decursus ==
Rivulus apud vicum ''Tavannes'' pago [[Berna (pagus)|Bernae]] sub transitu [[Petra Pertusa (Helvetia)|Petrae Pertusae]] oritur et primum ad urbem [[Monasterium Grandis Vallis (urbs)|Monasterium]], inde ad vicum [[Curtis Randelana|Curtem Randelanam]] et urbem [[Delemons|Delemontem]] in pago [[Iura (pagus Helvetiae)|Iura]] et ad vallem Laufonensem in pago [[Pagus Basilea rus|Basilea rurale]] currit. Nonnullas [[Clusa (Topographia)|clusas]] transfluit quarum ultimam castellum ''Rupes angustia'' protegit. Apud urbem [[Campus Birsae|Campum Birsae]] Rhenum attingit.

Aquas ex 5 pagis Helvetiae Birsa colligit: Berna, Iura, Basilea Rus, [[Solodurum (pagus)|Salodurum]], [[Pagus Basilea Urbs|Basilea]].

[[Cataracta (angustium)|Cataracta]]e Birsae ad motum molendinarum aut aliarum machinarum usitatae sunt, e.g. apud ''Choindez'', ''Laufen'' et ''Rupem monachorum''.

== Tributarii ==
Birsae adfluentes sunt:
* Quai 
* Trama
* Le Chaluet
* La Chalière
* Raus
* Scheulte
* Sorna
* Lützel
* Lüssel
* Capra

== Bibliographia ==
* René Salathé: ''Die Birs. Bilder einer Flusslandschaft'' ([[Laucostabulum]] 2000).

== Nexus externi ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303181323/http://www.labirse.ch/ Situs de Birsa.]
* {{LHH|8765|Birsa}}
* [http://www.hydrodaten.admin.ch/de/2106.html De hydrologia Birsae.]

[[Categoria:Res geographicae Bernae]]
[[Categoria:Iura Mons]]
[[Categoria:Iura (pagus Helvetiae)]]
[[Categoria:Flumina Helvetiae]]
[[Categoria:Systema Rheni fluvii]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Berna Biotech</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="680" sha1="gytfmi6yvcm68icxjnywx5r96g6c2bh" xml:space="preserve">{{Pagina non annexa}}
'''Berna Biotech AG''' est societas oeconomica [[Berna]]e sita productionis [[Vaccinum|vaccinorum]].

== Historia ==
Societas 1898 condita anno 2006 societate Nederlandiae [[Crucell]] vendita est.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304234613/http://www.handelszeitung.ch/unternehmen/berna-biotech-gibts-nicht-mehr De Berna Biotech AG]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Notae ==
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;&lt;references/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

== Nexus externi ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20151230052324/http://www.bernaproducts.com/ Res Bernae apud societatem Crucell]
* {{LHH|41983|De Berna}}

[[Categoria:Res oeconomicae Bernae]]
[[Categoria:Biotechnologia]]
[[Categoria:Berna (urbs)]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bertha Cáceres</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="1206" sha1="l89zr5pn9ar9d2i57yixt9rqdx7739p" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa hominis Vicidata}}
'''Bertha Cáceres'', vulgo plene ''Berta Isabel Cáceres Flores'' (nata in [[Honduria]] die [[4 Martii]] 1971 seu 1972 seu 1973; in [[La Esperanza]] provinciae [[Intibucá]] necata die [[3 Martii]] [[2016]]), e populo [[Lenca]] orta, pro natura iuribusque humanis militavit. Contra aedificationem molium fluminis [[Flumen Gualcarque|Gualcarque]] agitavit.
 
== Bibliographia ==
[[Fasciculus:Justice for Berta Cáceres! 3042245.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|Lamentationes de interfectione Berta Cáceres]]
* &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200729075326/https://www.laprensa.hn/honduras/936219-410/berta-c%C3%A1ceres-un-%C3%ADcono-%C3%A9tnico-que-les-dio-voz-a-los-ind%C3%ADgenas Berta Cáceres, un ícono étnico que les dio voz a los indígenas]&quot; in ''La prensa'' (3 Martii 2016)

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Berta Cáceres|Berta Cáceres}}
* [http://www.telesurtv.net/english/news/Honduras-Indigenous-Leader-Berta-Caceres-Assassinated-in-Home-20160303-0010.html Berta Cáceres mortis nuntius]{{Nexus deficit|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

{{bio-stipula}}

{{Lifetime|1973|2016|Caceres, Bertha}}

[[Categoria:Incolae Honduriae]]
[[Categoria:Necati]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Carolus Pollock</title>
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      <text bytes="2461" sha1="cuf3zpcy6l7ppmwqxz5974junqjewc5" xml:space="preserve">'''Carolus Cecil Pollock''' ([[Denverium|Denverii]] [[Coloratum|Colorati]] [[25 Decembris]] [[1902]]; [[Lutetia]]e [[8 Maii]] [[1988]]) fuit [[pictor]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Americanus]] et [[frater]] maximus natu [[Jackson Pollock]] [[artifex|artificis]]. [[Urbs Novum Eboracum|Urbem Novum Eboracum]] anno [[1926]] migravit ad [[pictura]]m exercendam, ubi cum Franco fratre Jackson fratri suasit ut se cum eis iungeret.&lt;ref name=NYTimes&gt;{{cite news|last=Brenson|first=Michael|title=Charles Pollock, Abstract Painter and Brother of Jackson, Dies at 86|url=http://www.charlespollockarchives.com/press_pdf/nyt_obit.pdf|newspaper=The New York Times|date=10 Maii 1988|location=Obituaries}}.&lt;/ref&gt; A [[1938]] ad [[1942]] pro [[Procuratio Progressus Operum|Procuratione Progressus Operum]] in [[Michigania]] laboravit. [[Professor]] [[ars|artis]] in [[Universitas Civica Michiganiensis|Universitate Civica Michiganiensi]] duo [[decennium|decennia]] post [[1942]] meruit.&lt;ref name=cpa&gt;{{cite web|title=Biography|url=http://www.charlespollockarchives.com/|publisher=Charles Pollock Archives|location=Lutetiae}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

{{NexInt}}
*[[Thomas Hart Benton]]
*[[Realismus socialis]]
*[[Petrus Seeger]]

==Notae==
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;&lt;references/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

==Nexus externi==
*[http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/images/detail/pollock-family-reunion-13140 Photographema comitum conventus familiae Pollock 1950.] Archives of American Art.
*[http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/images/detail/jackson-pollock-and-charles-pollock-new-york-7091 Jackson Pollock et Carolus Pollock Novi Eboraci, 1930.] Archives of American Art.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130818081243/http://www.charlespollockarchives.com/ &quot;The Charles Pollock Archives present the work of American artist Charles Pollock (1902-1988).&quot;] Archivum Caroli Pollock.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pollock, Carolus}}
[[Categoria:Nati 1902]]
[[Categoria:Mortui 1988]]
[[Categoria:Expressionistae abstracti]]
[[Categoria:Incolae Colorati]]
[[Categoria:Incolae Vasingtoniae (D.C.)]]
[[Categoria:Incolae Michiganiae]]
[[Categoria:Incolae Novi Eboraci]]
[[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Civicae Michiganensis]]
[[Categoria:Socii Guggenheimiani]]
&lt;!--
[[Category:American people of Irish descent]]
[[Category:American people of Scotch-Irish descent]]
[[Category:Jackson Pollock]]
[[Category:Federal Art Project artists]]
[[Category:Works Progress Administration in Michigan]]
[[Category:Federal Art Project administrators]]--&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Caietanus Michetti</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="1602" sha1="bgnm8svinwxu22cjd32l41q5vvdm49u" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa hominis Vicidata}}

'''Caietanus Michetti''' (natus [[Corridonia]]e die [[5 Martii]] [[1922]] - mortuus eiusdem [[Corridonia]]e [[13 Decembris]] [[2007]]) fuit presbyter et [[episcopus]] [[Archidioecesis Pisaurensis|Pisauri]] ([[Archidioecesis Pisaurensis]]) ab [[1975]] usque ad [[1998]].

== Biografia ==

Natus [[Corridonia]]e anno [[1922]], consecratus presbyter anno [[1948]]. Ab episcopo [[Norbertus Perini|Norberto Perini]] cosecratus est episcopus auxiliaris [[Archidioecesis Firmana|archidioeceseos firmana]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.luoghifermani.it/?p=3892 Storia e Luoghi della Marca Fermana]&lt;/ref&gt; anno [[1961]]. Pater conciliaris in [[Concilium Vaticanum Secundum|Concilio Vaticano Secundo]] fuit. 

Anno [[1973]] introivit in cathedrale pisaurense&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.chiesainrete.it/fcp/11-12-2001/michetti.htm A colloquio con Mons. Gaetano Michetti]&lt;/ref&gt;  sicut episcopus coadiutor, et anno [[1975]], post mortem episcopus [[Ludovicus Carolus Borromeo|Ludovici Caroli Borromeo]], introivit sicut episcopus residentialis, usque ad anno [[1998]].&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.chiesamarche.org/content/view/721/9/ In ricordo di mons. Gaetano Michetti]&lt;/ref&gt;

Obiit [[Corridonia]]e anno [[2007]].

== Notae ==
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;&lt;references /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

== Nexus externi ==

* {{CathHierBishop|michetti|De Episcopo Borromeo}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161228062636/http://www.arcidiocesipesaro.it/ Pagina Archidioeceseos Pisaurensis]

{{bio-stipula}}

{{Lifetime|1922|2007|Michetti, Caietanus}}

[[Categoria:Episcopi Ecclesiae Catholicae]]
[[Categoria:Episcopi et Archiepiscopi Pisaurenses]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Bonaventura Porta</title>
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      <text bytes="1770" sha1="ep6q6nrbh2vz7d45hk2rbhius8o8nzc" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa hominis Vicidata}}

'''Bonaventura Porta''' (natus [[Massa (Venetia)|Massae Venetiae]] die [[21 Octobris]] [[1866]]; mortuus [[Pisaurum|Pisauri]] [[15 Decembris]] [[1953]]) fuit [[presbyter]] et [[episcopus]] [[Archidioecesis Pisaurensis|Pisaurensis]] ([[Archidioecesis Pisaurensis]]) ab [[1917]] usque ad [[1952]].

==Vita==
Natus [[Massa (Venetia)|Massae Venetiae]] anno [[1866]], consecratus presbyter anno [[1890]], ab episcopo [[Carolus Liviero|Carolo Liviero]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://piccoleancelledelsacrocuore.net/Objects/Pagina.asp?ID=294&amp;Titolo=Mons.%20Bonaventura%20Porta%20introduce%20Carlo%20Liviero%20a%20Pesaro Mons. Bonaventura Porta introduce Carlo Liviero a Pesaro]&lt;/ref&gt; consecratus est episcopus [[Archidioecesis Pisaurensis|Pisaurensis]] anno [[1917]]. Sanctam Mariam in Portu, novam [[paroecia]]m, [[Pisaurum|Pisauri]] anno [[1929]] constituit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20161025190046/http://www.arcidiocesipesaro.it/parrocchie/93-elenco-parrocchie-e-chiese/355-santa-maria-del-porto.html Santa Maria del Porto]&lt;/ref&gt; Ab anno [[1931]] ad [[1932]] administrator apostolicus [[Archidioecesis Urbinatensis-Urbaniensis-Sancti Angeli in Vado|Urbinatensis]] fuit.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.prourbino.it/Dialetto/VecchiaU/TaniMonsAntonio.htm Antonio Tani, episcopus Urbinatensis]&lt;/ref&gt; De munere decessit anno [[1952]] et [[Pisaurum|Pisauri]] obiit anno [[1953]].

== Notae ==
&lt;div class=&quot;references-small&quot;&gt;&lt;references/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

== Nexus externi ==
*{{CathHierBishop|porta|De Episcopo Porta}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20161228062636/http://www.arcidiocesipesaro.it/ Situs Archidioeceseos Pisaurensis]

{{bio-stipula}}

{{Lifetime|1866|1953|Porta, Bonaventura}}
[[Categoria:Episcopi Ecclesiae Catholicae]]
[[Categoria:Episcopi et Archiepiscopi Pisaurenses]]</text>
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    <title>Wialdicurtis</title>
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      <text bytes="898" sha1="osgg4f1zexll7n1nywfuz0f2u7j1g0z" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}}
[[Fasciculus:Viocourt, Église Saint-Denis.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|left|Communis [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]], [[Sanctus Dionysius|Sancto Dionysio]] dicata.]]
{{res|Wialdicurtis}},&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Graesse}}, t. 3, p. 682.&lt;/ref&gt; seu '''Wyoncuria''',&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; 
seu '''Viocurtis'''&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; ([[Francogallice]] ''Viocourt''), est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 165 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]].

{{NexInt}}
* [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi|Indicem communium praefecturae Vosegi]]

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Viocourt|Wialdicurtem}}
{{INSEE commune|88514|de=Wialdicurte}}

{{geo-stipula}}

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]]
[[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]]</text>
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[[Fasciculus:Viocourt, Église Saint-Denis.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|left|Communis [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]], [[Sanctus Dionysius|Sancto Dionysio]] dicata.]]
{{res|Wialdicurtis}},&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Graesse}}, t. 3, p. 682.&lt;/ref&gt; seu '''Wyoncuria''',&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; 
seu '''Viocurtis'''&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; ([[Francogallice]] ''Viocourt''), est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 165 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]].

{{NexInt}}
* [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]]

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Viocourt|Wialdicurtem}}
{{INSEE commune|88514|de=Wialdicurte}}

{{geo-stipula}}

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]]
[[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]]</text>
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      <text bytes="3453" sha1="bzt0dzubto849k33vnkdankmdak1wup" xml:space="preserve">'''Georgius Aenotheus Koch''' (natus [[Drebachium|Drebachii]] in [[Saxonia]] [[15 Novembris]] [[1802]]; mortuus [[Lipsia]]e [[9 Iulii]] [[1879]]) fuit [[philologus]] [[res classicae|classicus]] et [[lexicographus]] [[Germania|Germanicus]].

[[Theologia]]e et philologiae classicae in [[Universitas Lipsiensis|Universitate Lipsiensis]] studuit, discipulus [[Gotofredus Hermann|Gotofredi Hermann]] et [[Christianus Daniel Beck|Christiani Danielis Beck]]. Anno [[1825]] [[doctoratus|doctoratum]] accepit, annoque [[1831]] [[puer]]os in [[Schola Thomana]] Lipsiae docere coepit, cuius [[rector (academia)|rector]] anno [[1862]] creatus est.&lt;ref name=AD&gt;[http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz43511.html Koch, Georg Aenotheus,] ''[[Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie]]'' 16 (1882): 378–379.&lt;/ref&gt;

Praeter multas operum classicorum editiones, operam [[lexicographia]]e [[scriptor]]um singulorum dedit: [[Horatius|Horatii]], [[Vergilius|Vergilii]], [[Velleius Paterculus|Marci Velleii Paterculi]], et [[Cornelius Nepos|Cornelii Nepotis]]. Etiam ''[[Gradus ad Parnassum]]'' ([[thesaurus|thesaurum]] [[Latine|Latinum]]), [[dictionarium]] manuale (in plus quam tribus editionibus), et [[dictionarium geographicum]] Theodisco-Latinum prospere protulit.&lt;ref name=AD/&gt;

==Opera prolata==
*[[1828]]. ''Timaei Sophistae Lexicon vocum Platonicarum'' (editio [[Timaeus Sophista|Timaei Sophistae]]).
*[[1830]]. ''Moeridis Atticistae Lexicon Atticum'' (editio [[Aelius Moeris|Aelii Moeridis]]).
*[[1835]]. ''Deutsch-Lateinisches vergleichendes Wörterbuch der alten, mittleren und neuen Geographie.''
*[[1854]]. ''Lateinisch-deutsches Handwoerterbuch.''
*[[1855]]. ''Cornelii Nepotis Vitae.'' De [[Cornelius Nepos|Cornelio Nepote]]. 
*[[1857]]. ''Vollständiges Wörterbuch zum Geschichtswerke des M. Vellejus Paterculus.''
*[[1860]]. ''Gradus ad Parnassum: sive Thesaurus Latini linguae poeticus et prosodiacus.'' [[Thesaurus]] [[poema]]tum et [[oratio soluta|orationis solutae]] Latinae.
*[[1863]]. ''Vollständiges Wörterbuch zu den Gedichten des P. Vergilius Maro.'' Dictionarium [[vocabulum|vocabulorum]] [[Vergilius|Vergilii]].
*[[1868]]. ''Erklärendes Wörterbuch zu den Lebensbeschreibungen des Cornelius Nepos.''
*[[1879]]. ''Vollständiges Wörterbuch zu den gedichten des Q. Horatius Flaccus.'' Dictionarium vocabulorum [[Horatius|Horatii]].

==Notae==
&lt;references/&gt;
==Bibliographia==
*Eckstein, Friedrich August. [[1871]]. ''Nomenclator philologorum.'' Lipsiae: Teubner. Iterum impressus Hildeshemiae: Nachdruck Olms, 1966. Iterum, ed. Johannes Saltzwedel, Hamburgi, 2005.
*Kämmel, Heinrich. [[1882]]. Koch, Georg Aenotheus. ''Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie'' 16: 378–79. Lipsiae: Duncker &amp; Humblot.
*Kössler, Franz. [[2008]]. ''Personenlexikon von Lehrern des 19. Jahrhunderts.'' Vol. Kaak-Kysaeus. Vorabdruck. Giessen: Universitätsbibliothek Gießen.

==Nexus externi==
*WorldCat Identities. [http://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-nr97-521/ &quot;Most widely held works by Georg Aenotheus Koch.&quot;]

{{Lifetime|1802|1879|Koch, Georgius Aenotheus}}
[[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Lipsiensis]]
[[Categoria:Auctores Theodisci]]
[[Categoria:Editores]]
[[Categoria:Latinistae Germaniae]]
[[Categoria:Lexicographi]]&lt;!--Germaniae--&gt;
[[Categoria:Lutherani]]&lt;!--Germaniae--&gt;
[[Categoria:Magistri]]
[[Categoria:Philologi Germaniae]]
[[Categoria:Scriptores Germaniae]]
&lt;!--
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{{Capsa
|titulus        = ''Saint Seiya''
|imago        = 
|descriptio      = [[Logotypus]] animis{{dubsig}} anno 1986
|descriptionisforma =
|subtituliforma  = background:#ccf;
|signiforma   = background:#ddf;
|datiforma    =
|capitulum1 = 聖闘士星矢&lt;br&gt;(''Seinto Seiya'')&lt;br/&gt;
|signum3  =Genus
|datum3   = [[Vehementes vicissitudines]]&lt;ref&gt;[[Masami Kurumada]], auctor ''Saint Seiya'' mangae de vehementibus vicissitudinibus, pinxit imagines quattuor formae novae pelliculae ''Clash of the Titans'' a Ludovico Leterrier. [https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2010-04-12/clash-of-the-titans-posters-by-saint-seiya-kurumada-posted#gallery_2b471 &quot;Clash of the Titans Posters by Saint Seiya's Kurumada Posted&quot;. Anime News Network.]&lt;/ref&gt;, [[fabula]]&lt;ref&gt;''Saint Seiya'' ponitur sub categoria fabularum. [https://www.viz.com/knights-of-the-zodiac-saint-seiya &quot;The Official Website for Knights of the Zodiac (Saint Seiya)&quot;. Viz Media.]&lt;/ref&gt;, [[mythologia]]&lt;ref&gt;[[Masami Kurumada|Kurumada]] plus nobilitatur ''Saint Seiya'' mangae de mythologia gratia. [https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2009-03-12/masami-kurumada-hints-at-new-ring-ni-kakero-work &quot;Masami Kurumada Hints at New Ring ni Kakero Work&quot;. Anime News Network.]&lt;/ref&gt;
|capitulum4 = Manga
|signum5  = Auctor
|datum5   = [[Masami Kurumada]]
|signum6  = Divulgator
|datum6   = [[Shūeisha]]
|signum7  = Demographia
|datum7   = ''Shōnen''
|signum8  = Libellus
|datum8   = ''Shūkan Shōnen Jump''
|signum9  = Tempus divulgationis
|datum9   = 1 Ianuarii, 1986 – 19 Novembris, 1990
|signum10  = Volumina
|datum10   = 28
|capitulum11 = Anime
|signum12  = Directores
|datum12   = Kōzō Morishita (001–073)&lt;br&gt;
Kazuhito Kikuchi (074–114)
|signum13  = Productores
|datum13   = Chiaki Imada&lt;br/&gt;
Hiroshi Takeda&lt;br/&gt;
Kazuo Yokoyama&lt;br/&gt;
Masayoshi Kawata&lt;br/&gt;
Yoshifumi Hatano
|signum14  = Officina
|datum14   = [[Toei Animation]]
|signum16  = Tempus divulgationis
|datum16   = 11 Octobris, 1986 – 1 Aprilis 1989
|signum17  = Capitula
|datum17   = 114
}}
'''''Saint Seiya''''' ([[Iaponice]] 聖闘士星矢 [セイントセイヤ], ''Seinto Seiya'') est [[manga]] in ''shōnen'' generi{{dubsig}} a [[Masami Kurumada|Masamio Kurumada]] picta et divulgata ''Shūkan Shōnen Jump'' [[libellus|libello]] ''Shūeisha'' [[domus editoria]]e ab anno [[1986]] usque ad [[1989]]. Deinde [[anime]] factum est capitulis 114, etiam [[Ars animandi|pelliculae animatae]] quinque, [[Ars animandi computatris annixa|pellicula animationis computatralis]] una et nonnulae [[fabula]]e derivatae. De grege [[miles|militum]] iuvenum ''[[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Sancti|sanctorum]]'' ([[Iaponice]] 聖闘士[セイント], ''Seinto'') vel ''[[Eques (medium aevum)|equitum]]'' (in versionibus occidentalibus nonnullis) appellatis narrat, cuius dux est [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Pegasi Seiya|Pegasi Seiya]], et qui in nomine [[dea]]e [[Athena]]e pugnant. Eadem incarnatur sub persona [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Saori Kido|Saoriae Kido]] ad custodiendos homines a viribus malignis [[Tellus|Tellurem]] aggredientibus. Sancti utuntur [[energia]] ima [[universum|universo]] ligata ''[[cosmos]]'' ([[Iaponice]] 小宇宙 [コスモ], ''Kosumo'') nominata, et [[armatura|armaturis]] ''[[vestes|vestibus]]'' ([[Iaponice]] 聖衣 [クロス], ''Kurosu'') appellatis de [[constellatio]]nibus 88 caelestibus. 

''Saint Seiya'' plus 35 [[1000000|deciens centenorum milium]] exemplorum venditorum usque ad annum [[2017]]&lt;ref&gt;Editores ''Saint Seiya official website'' (2017, 2 Septembris). ハリウッド脚本家と最新CGアニメでリメイク!! 車田正美原作 NETFLIXオリジナル聖闘士星矢（仮） NETFLIXで全世界配信決定. In ''Saint Seiya official website'' [interreti]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180402163132/http://saintseiya-official.com/news/detail.html?id=42 Usuarium hic].&lt;/ref&gt; facta est amplissima et prospera. Opera nota est extra [[Iaponia]]m postquam notabilis facta est in [[Francia]] anno [[1988]], ubi nominata ''Les Chevaliers du Zodiaque'' ([[Francogallice]] ''Equites Zodiaci''), quae erat divulgatio prima externa, quoniam sensus religiosus verbi ''[[sanctus]]'' vitandus erat regionibus [[Ecclesia Catholica|Catholicis]]. Et manga et anime vicerunt quoque in [[Asia]], [[Europa]] [[America]]que.

==De argumento==
{{vide-etiam|Index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''}}
===''Saint Seiya'' manga===
[[fasciculus:NAMA_Epinetron_Bellérophon.jpg|thumb|left|[[Pegasus]] est [[sidus]] Seiyae personae principis ''Saint Seiya'' manga.]]
Fabula de vita [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Pegasi Seiya|Seiyae]] pueri orbi narrat, qui in [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Sanctuarium|Sanctuarium]] [[Graecia|Graecum]] ad [[Pegasus (constellatio)|Pegasi]] Vestem [[aes|Aeneam]] quaerendam emittitur, quae est una ex armaturis gestis ab 88 militibus [[dea]]e [[Athena]]e, ''sanctis'' appellatis. ''Cosmo'' excitato post exercitationem laboriosissimam, qui est energia ima in [[immanis diruptio|immani diruptione]] orta, Seiya factus est Pegasi Sanctus Aeneus et in [[Iaponia]]m rediit ad sororem eius inveniendam.

Quia soror eius abiit die ipso ubi Seiya in Sanctuario iit, convenit inter eundem et [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Saori Kido|Saoriam Kido]] neptem [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Mitsumasa Kido|Mitsumasae Kido]] (qui emisit orbos omnes ad sanctos fiendos regionibus aliis) ut Seiya certet in certamine ''Belli Galactici'' ubi certabit orbis aliis superstitibus exercitationum ad Sanctos Aeneos fiendos; pretium est [[sagittarius (sidus)|Sagittarii]] Vestes [[aurum|Aurea]], quae est potentissimum vestium genus. Si Seiya exin vincat, Saori investigationem de loco sororis incipiet. Tamen certamen interrumpitur a [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Phoenicis Ikki|Phoenicis Sancto Aeneo Ikkio]] volenti homines qui eum emiserunt in exercitatione puniri. Ergo, Ikki furatur Sagittarii Vestem Auream et tandem pugnat contra caeteros Sanctos Aeneos: Seiya, [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Andromedae Shun|Shun]] (Ikkii frater), [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Draconis Shiryu|Shiryu]] [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Cygni Hyoga|Hyogaque]].

Postquam Ikki victus est, Sancti Aenei oppugnantur a Sanctis [[argentum|Argenteis]] sub Sanctuarii [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Episcopus|Episcopo]] (aut ''Patriarcha'' versionibus occidentalibus nonnullis). Cum vincerent, Sancti Aenei agnoscent Saoriam Athenam incarnatam esse Episcopumque eam occisam voluisse infantem. [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Sagittarii Aiolos|Sagittarii Aiolos Sanctus Aureus]] servavit Saoriam sed occisus est brevi post tempore. Idem dedit Saoriam Mitsumasae Kido, qui eandem curavit vice neptis adoptivae. Sic Sancti Aenei decident se sociare cum Saoria et in Sanctuarium adesse ad Episcopum vincendum; cum advenirent, tamen, Saori damnatur sagitta a [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Sagittae Ptolomaeus|Sagittae Ptolomaeo Sancto Argenteo]] missa. Ptolomaeus ait Episcopum solum posse sagittam removere; Sancti Aenei ita eunt eum inventum per [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Sanctuarium|Templa Duodecim]] quae custodiuntur a Sanctis Aureis, grex valentissima inter Sanctos. Nonnullis post pugnis contra Sanctos Aureos, Seiya attingit Episcopi [[templum]], ubi reperit [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Geminorum Saga|Geminorum Sagam Sanctum Aureum]] sub persona Episcopi egisse: Saga potestatis maioris avidus necavit Episcopum verum, identitatem eius usurpans. Auxilio cosmi caeterorum Sanctorum Aeneorum Seiya vincit Sagam, et [[Aegis|Aegide]] de [[statua]] Athenae ad Saoriam sanandam utitur. Brevi post tempore, Saga mortem accit ad poenam luendam.

[[Fasciculus:Saint Seiya oceans map.svg|thumb|upright=1.2|[[Tabula geographica]] septem marium, quisque cum Columna propria. Cyaneus, [[Oceanus Arcticus]]; gilvus, [[Oceanus Atlanticus|Oceanus Atlanticus Septentrionalis]]; purpureus, [[Oceanus Atlanticus|Oceanus Atlanticus meridionalis]]; aurantiacus, [[Oceanus Pacificus|Oceanus Pacificus Septentrionalis]]; smaragdus, [[Oceanus Pacificus|Oceanus Pacificus Meridionalis]]; prasinus, [[Oceanus Indicus]]; caeruleus Berolinensis, [[Oceanus Australis]].]]
Secunda pars tractat de bello contra [[deus|deum]] [[Posidon]]em subditosque eius ''[[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Nautae|Nautas]]'' ([[Iaponice]] 海闘士[マリーナ], ''Marīna'') appellatos, qui armaturas ''Squamas'' ([[Iaponice]] 鱗衣[スケイル], ''Sukeiru'', recte &quot;Amictus Squamosus&quot;) appellatas gerunt. Posidon vult Tellurem inundari, et sic incarnatur corpore [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Iulianus Solus|Iuliani Soli]], qui est heres familiae opulentae potentisque. Saori decidit in [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Templum Subaquaneum|Templum Subaquaneum]] adesse ad Iulianum rogandum ne Tellurem inundet, sed idem dicit eam aquam diluvii accipere in Columna Centrale Oceanorum, si sic vult. Altera parte, Seiya, Shiryu, Shun Hyogaque sequuntur Saoriam in Templum Subaquaneum ubi Nautae sunt eis pugnandi; quique Columnas Septem Oceanorum custodiant. Bello in medio, Ikki adest et reperit quod Sagae frater [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Geminorum Kanon|Kanon]] omnia paravit, Posidonem mentiens. Proelio extremo Posidon excitat in Iuliano et vincit Sanctos Aeneos. Cum Saoriam servavissent, ea Posidonis animam in [[amphora]] includit.

Pars postrema narrat de conatione [[hades|dei Hadis]] ad Tellurem capiendam. Sigillo supra Hadem fracto, idem Sanctos Aureos occissos bello Sanctuarii ac [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Arietis Shion|episcopum verum Shionem]] resurgere fecit, et eos mittit cum nonnullis militibus eius ''[[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Spectra|Spectris]]'' ([[Iaponice]] 冥闘士[スペクター], ''Supekutā'', recte &quot;Milites Obscuri&quot;) appellatis in Sanctuarium Saoriam necatum. Caeteri Sancti Aurei fideles Athenae inimicos vincunt, sed Saori mortem accit; sic egit ut in [[Infernus|Infernum]] transeat Hadem pugnatum sine mora. Shion indicat quod Sancti Aurei resurrecti vere volebant dare vestem propriam Saoriae, sed ea occisa, nunc Seiyae dat antequam remoritur. Sancti adsunt in Infernum et contra Spectra caetera pugnant, sed Shun tandem possidetur ab Hade. Saori exorcizat Hadem e Shuni corpore, sed Hades rapit Saoriam ad [[Elysium]], et Sancti Aenei ibi adesse debent ubi [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Hypnos|Hypnos]] deus [[somnium|somniorum]] et [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Thanatos|Thanatos]] deus [[mors|mortis]] sunt pugnandi. Subito Sancti Aenei obtinent vestes divas, genus valentissimum inter vestes omnes, cum quibus Saoriam adiuvant ad Hadem vincendum. Tamen, prius vincitur, Hades aggreditur Seiyam [[gladius|gladio]]. Finaliter, Sancti in Tellurem cum Seiyae corpore redeunt.

===''Saint Seiya'' anime===
Versione animata additur pars additicia inter bellum Sanctuarii et bellum contra Posidonem sita, derivata de fabula brevi cuius titulus ''Capitulum de Natassia a Terra Gelida'' ([[Iaponice]] 氷の国のナターシャ編, ''Kōri no Kuni no Natāsha Hen''). Fabula narrat de bello contra  [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Bellatores Divi|Bellatores Divos]] ([[Iaponice]] 神闘士[ゴッドウォーリアー], ''Goddo Wōriā'') in [[Asgarthus|Asgartho]]. [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Hilda Polaris|Hilda Polaris]] sacerdotissa [[Odin]]is sub Posidonis dei Anello Nibelungorum orationes perpetuas ad [[Polus arcticus|gelu Arcticum]] conservandum cessat, tum gelu liquescit Tellurem inundans. Saori in Asgartho adest ad Hildam supponendam dum Sancti Aenei Argenteique Odinis Bellatores Divos septem vincunt, cuius armaturae ''Tunicae Divae'' nominantur. Denique Seiya obtinet Tunicam Odinis et rumpit Anellum Nibelungorum ''gladio Balmungo'', Hildam liberans a dominio Posidonis.

=== Versiones derivatae e fabula originale ===
====''Saint Seiya Episode.G''====
''Saint Seiya Episode.G'' ([[Iaponice]] 聖闘士星矢EPISODE.G ''Seinto Seiya Episōdo Jī'', &quot;''Saint Seiya'' Capitulum G&quot;) est manga a [[Megumu Okada]] picta primum divulgata ''Champion Red'' libello a die [[19 Decembris]] anni [[2002]] ad diem [[19 Iunii]] anni [[2013]]. Fabula tractat de momentis post mortem [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Sagittarii Aiolos|Aioli]] qui deceptor habetur ab hominibus in Sanctuario.

Anni septem ante eventa in opera originale, [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Leonis Aiolia|Leonis Aiolia Sanctus Aureus]] suspectatur a caeteris sanctis aureis quoniam frater eius Aiolos deceptor Athenae Sanctuarioque videbatur, quoque indignatio est Aioliae contra sanctos caeteros omnes magnopere aureos. [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Geminorum Saga|Episcopo]] Aioliam mittente missionibus variis fidem confirmatum, [[Titan]]es armaturis ''Corporibus'' ([[Iaponice]] 楚真 ''Sōma'', e [[lingua Graeca antiqua|verbo Graeco antiquo]] Σῶμα, &quot;Corpus&quot;) appellatis adsunt ad Sanctuarium delendum, sic [[Titanomachia]]m novam incipens quoniam ulcisci [[duodecim dei Olympici|Olympicos deos]] conantur. Volunt falcem ''Mega Drepanon'' ([[Iaponice]] メガス・ドレパノン ''Megasu Dorepanon'', e [[lingua Graeca antiqua|verbo Graeco antiquo]] Μέγᾰ Δρέπανον, &quot;Magna Falx&quot;) appellatam reciperare in quo [[Zeus]] [[cronus|Cronum Regem Titanum]] inclusit aevo mythologico. Titanes credunt Aioliam virum praedictum esse augurio maligno quia ipse aggressionibus fulgurantibus oppugnat, idoneum ad Cronum liberandum.

Titanibus iterum in terra, [[monstra]] antiqua resurgunt per totum orbem et sunt sanctis pugnanda. Interdum Titanes vicissim aggrediuntur Sanctuarium; medio in proelio Cronus liberatur ab Aiolia aggressione fulguranti, tamen nihil meminit. Reperiunt Titanes Aioliam Cronum immemorem fecisse, sic volunt ipsum regis statum mutare: Aioliae ancillam Petram Chrysallidem ([[Iaponice]] リトス・クリサリス ''Ritosu Kurisarisu'', &quot;Lithos Chrysallis&quot;) rapiunt ad ipsum attrahendum in ''Labyrintho Temporale'' sedi eius. Aiolia cum aliis quinque sanctis aureis adsunt ad Petram auxiliandam Titanes omnes vincens. [[pontus (deus)|Pontus]] subito adest et indicat se primum Titanes liberavisse e [[Tartarus|Tartaro]] quia omnia sic paravit ad [[Gaea]]m excitandam. Propositum eorum est omnia et deos et homines necare, et Tellurem capere totam. Cronus, qui post proelium cum Aiolia nunc homines diligit, Pontum oppilat Gaiae potestatem tollens et Hadi offerens ad sanctos a morte liberandos.

====''Saint Seiya: Next Dimension''====
''Saint Seiya: Next Dimension - The Myth of Hades'' ([[Iaponice]] 聖闘士星矢NEXT DIMENSION冥王神話 ''Seinto Seiya: Nekusuto Dimenshon - Meiō Shinwa'', &quot;''Saint Seiya'': Dimensio Secunda - Hadis Mythologia&quot;) est manga a [[Masami Kurumada|Masamio Kurumada]] picta primum divulgata ''Weekly Shōnen Champion'' libello a die [[27 Aprilis]] anni [[2006]], cuius divulgatio hodierna capitulis novis irregulariter fiat. Haec fabula de continuatione operae originali tractat.

Medio in proelio postremo [[elysium|Elysio]], Hades reperit [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Pegasi Seiya|Seiyam]] reincarnationem praeteriti inimici bello mythico. Abhinc 243 annos, puer cuius nomen est [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Pegasi Tenma|Tenma]] factus est Pegasi Sanctus Aeneus [[saeculum 18|saeculo XVIII]]. Amicus optimus eius est [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Alone|Alone]], qui votatus est vasculum huius aevi Hadi cordis purissimi gratia; Alone possesso ab Hade, Tenma conatur Alonem redimere et congreditur cum [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Librae Dohkus|Librae Dohko]] [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Arietis Shion|Arietisque Shione]], sed ei tres vincintur a duobus Iudicibus Infernalibus [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Gryphis Vermeerius|Gryphis Vermeerio]] [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Garudae Suikyus|Garudaeque Suikyo]]. Supersunt, tamen, aggressione Iudicum Infernalium et in Sanctuarium redeunt ad strategiam faciendam aggressioni futurae.

Interim tempore praesente [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Pegasi Seiya|Pegasi Seiya]] fascinatus est gladio Hadis post bellum et moriturus dies tres. Ad eum servandum, [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Saori Kido|Saori]] decidet se cum [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Andromedae Shun|Andromedae Shuno]] adesse in ''Templo Lunare'' [[Artemis|Artemidis]] sed milites eius ''Satellites'' ([[Iaponice]] 月衛士 ''Sateraito'') aggressi sunt. Artemis tandem ait [[Aeon]]em solum tempus gubernare, tum Saori Shunque ad eum eunt. Aeon convenit eos tempore praeterito adesse, sed Saoriam consulto facit infantem. Saori infantem facta adest in Templo Athenaeo et invenitur a Episcopo qui eam necare conatur; [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Virginis Shijima|Virginis Shijima]] tamen Saoriam infantem servat et [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Piscium Cardinalis|Piscium Cardinalem]] pugnat. Interim Shun adest in ianuis Sanctuarii et convenit cum Tenma; ambo decident se per Templa Duodecim transire ad Saoriam inveniundam.

Existentia simul [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Ophiuci Aesculapius|tertii decimi Ophiuci Aesculapii Sancti Aurei]] patefit, qui tempore praeterito arrogans devenerat potestatis causa et exsulatus est a deis de Sanctuario. Aesculapius vult nunc Athenam mori et Sanctuarium delendum esse, sic caeteros Sanctos Aureos allegere incipit ut iuctim Athenam pugnent. Sancti plures Aurei adiuti fuerunt ab Aesculapio et nunc ei debent multa; Aesculapius credit debitorum causa caeteros Sanctos Aureos cum eodem contra Anthenam staturos esse.

==== ''Saint Seiya: The Lost Canvas - '''Hades Mythology''''' ====
[[Fasciculus:The-lost-canvas-logo.jpg|thumb|300 px|Logotypus de ''The Lost Canvas'']]
''Saint Seiya: The Lost Canvas - Hades Mythology'' ([[Iaponice]] 聖闘士星矢THE LOST CANVAS 冥王神話 ''Seinto Seiya Za Rosuto Kyanbasu Meiō Shinwa'', &quot;''Saint Seiya'': Charta Perdita - Mythologia Hadis&quot;) est manga derivata e opera originale a [[Shiori Teshirogi|Shioria Teshirogi]] picta primum divulgata ''Weekly Shōnen Champion'' libello a die [[24 Augusti]] anni [[2006]] ad diem [[6 Aprilis]] anni [[2011]]; deinde ''[[TMS Entertainment]]'' fecit anime 26 capitulis a die [[24 Iunii]] anni [[2009]] ad diem [[20 Iulii]] anni [[2011]]. Opera narrat fabulam de bello sancto [[saeculum 18|saeculi XVIII]]. 

In fabula, [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Pegasi Tenma|Tenma]] et fratres [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Alone|Alone]] [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Sasha|Sashaque]] sunt liberi orbi oppido Italico habitantes. Repente [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Sagitarii Sisyphus|Sagitarii Sisyphus Sanctus Aureus]] invenit Sasham incarnationem Athenam esse et ipsam ducat in Sanctuario. Deinde Tenma cum [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Librae Dohkus|Librae Dohko Sancto Aureo]] convenit, et quoque in Sanctuario iit ad sanctum fiendum, et Alone eligitur vasculum deo Hadi a deis geminis Thanato Hypnoque quoniam ei est anima purissima in toto orbe. Brevi post tempore, Tenma factus est Pegasi Sanctus Aeneus et reperit Sasham Athenam esse. Altera parte, Alone - qui pictor est - reperit omnia ab ipso picta moriuntur, et persuadetur a deis geminis mortem salutem esse solam, sic locum Hadis occupat et copiis praeest.

In bello inter Sanctos Spectraque, Tenma et Sasha contra Alonem pugnant, qui ''Chartam Perditam'' pingere incipit quae est pictura magna in caelo cuius propositum est viventia omnia necare. Alone nondum plene possesso ab Hade, [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Pandora|Pandora]] cum Hypno Thanatoque copiis praesunt Spectrorum. Tamen, deis geminis inclusis in capsulis ab [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Cancri Sage|episcopo Sage]] et [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Arae Hakurei|Arae Hakureio Sancto Argenteo]], Alone invitat caeteros Sanctos in ''Templis Nefandis'', quae sunt templa custodita a Spectris deceptoribus Hadi ad ''Chartam Perditam'' defendendam. Cum sancti per Templa itinerarentur, reperitur quod Alone non possidetur ab Hade potestate dei pro propositis suis utens. Etiam Tenmae parentes [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Mephistophelis Youma|Mephistophelis Youma]] [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Bubonis Partita|Bubonisque Partita]] adsunt ut Pegasi Vestis Aenea mutet in Veste Diva cosmo Tenmae excitato summo gradu, sic [[reincarnatio]]nes eius pugnare deos caeteros deasque poterit ad Athenam adiuvandam. 

Proeliis post nonnullis, Tenma Alonem pugnat et vincit, ''Chartam Perditam'' delens. Finaliter Hades plene possidet Alonem et conatur Sasham necare, sed animae sanctorum occisorum eum expellent in Templo Nefando postremo et Tenma, Sasha Aloneque decident se eum sequi ad Hadem vincendum. Duo tantum sancti supersunt: Librae Dohkus qui sigillum super Hadem Spectraque inviset, et [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Arietis Shion|Arietis Shion]] qui episcopus novus fiet ad Sanctuarium parandum bello futuro.
====''Saint Seiya Ω''====
''Saint Seiya Ω'' ([[Iaponice]] 聖闘士星矢Ω[セイントセイヤオメガ] ''Seinto Seiya Omega'') est anime a ''[[Toei Animation]]'' derivatum de opera originali. Factum est in commemoratione vicesimi quinti anniversarii [[negotium|negotii]], et divulgatum a die [[1 Aprilis]] anni [[2012]] ad diem [[30 Martii]] anni [[2014]]. Fabula narrat de [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Pegasi Koga|Pegasi Koga Sancto Aeneo]] et caeteris Sanctis Aeneis novae aetatis.

Annis post 25, Saori est adhuc in Tellure ad orbem protegendum contra deos qui mundum aggressi sunt. Koga exercet ad Sanctum fiendum sub [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Ophiuci Shaina|Ophiuci Shaina]]. Subito [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Mars|Mars deus belli]] cum militibus eius [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Martiani|Martianis]] ([[Iaponice]] 火星士[マーシアン] ''Mashiansu'') appellatis adest et Saoriam rapit ut energia eius utatur ad [[Mars (planeta)|Martem planetam]] in Tellure nova mutandum, ''Sanctuarium'' capiens et Sanctos Argenteos Aureosque mentiens. Koga sic decidet se sociare cum aliis Sanctis Aeneis qui exercent in [[Palaestra]]: [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Leonis Minoris Soma|Leonis Minoris Soma]], [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Aquilae Yuna|Aquilae Yuna]], [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Draconis Ryuho|Draconis Ryuhus]] et [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Lupi Harutus|Lupi Harutus]]. Brevi post tempore reperiunt puellam cuius nomen est [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Aria|Aria]] votatam esse a Marte ad Athenam novae aetatis fiendam. Sancti Aenei debent tandem per ''Templa Duodecim'' transire ut Saoriam servent antequam moriatur. Marte victo, Koga capitur ab [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Abzu|Abzu deo obscuritatis]] qui adsunt ad omnia delenda, sed [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Pegasi Seiya|Sagitarii Seiya]] adiuvat Kogam liberari a potestate Abzus, et coniunctione cosmorum caeterorum Sanctorum Aeneorum Koga deum obscuritatis vincit.

Postquam Abzu victus est, [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Pallas|Pallas dea caritatis]] adest sub forma puellae in Tellure quia vult homines delendos esse ut Athena soli ei esset amanda, et custodita a militibus ''[[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Pallasites|Pallasitibus]]'' ([[Iaponice]] 刻闘士 ''parasaito'', recte &quot;Milites Temporales&quot;) appellatis. Saori iubet [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Pegasi Seiya|Sagitarii Seiyam]] Pallam necare, sed Seiya negat quoniam non vult puellam damnatam esse, plus non decorum habetur ab ipso. Sic, Saori iubet Kogam congredi cum caeteris Sanctis qui per totum orbem dispergunt ad Pallae copias pugnandas. Reperitur tandem quod omnia parata sunt a [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Saturnus|Saturno deo temporis]] qui adest in principio sub persona [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Equlei Subaru|Equlei Subarus]] et vult super homines gubernare ad ordinem statuendum quia omnia damnantur ab eis. Finaliter, Koga facit Saturnum reperire quod homines possint miracula facere si sic volunt, et meminisse vitam eius sub persona Subarus; ergo, Saturnus decidet se noniam Tellurem gubernare. 
====''Saint Seiya: Saintia Sho''====
''Saint Seiya: Saintia Sho'' ([[Iaponice]] 聖闘士星矢・セインティア翔 ''Seinto Seiya - Seintia Shō'') est manga picta a [[Chimaki Kuori|Chimakia Kuori]], et nunc divulgatur ''Champion Red'' libello a die [[13 Augusti]] anno [[2013]]. Anime interretiale quoque factum est et divulgatum die [[10 Decembris]] anno [[2018]] decem capitulis.

Fabula narrat de puella [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Equulei Shoko|Shokoa]] nominata, quae tempore praeterito redepmta est a [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Scorpii Milo|Sancto Aureo]]. Nunc Shoko sororem quae evanuit abhinc quinque annos quaerit, et sic apud ''Graad Organizationem'' adest ad auxilium rogandum [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Saori Kido|ducissae Saoriae Kido]] quia Kyoko accepta est ab ipsa organizatione. Subito, daemonium malum aggreditur Shokoam sed defenditur a Kyoko sorore quae facta est Saintia Equulei. Reperitur Saintias esse Sanctas speciales cuius munus est Athenam sub persona Saoriae hodierna defendere, et daemonium ad milites deae [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Eris|Eridos]] ''[[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Dryades|Dryades]]'' ([[Iaponice]] 邪精霊 ''Doriādo'') appellatos pertinere, cuius armaturae ''Folia'' ([[Iaponice]] 邪霊衣[リーフ] ''Rīfu'', recte &quot;Amictum Spirituale Malignum&quot;); Sancti corrupti etiam in copiis Eridos sunt, cuius nomen in opera ''Phantasmata'' ([[Iaponice]] 邪霊士[ゴースト] ''Gōsuto'', recte &quot;Milites Spirituales Maligni&quot;). Shoko votata est vasculum Eridos, sed Kyoko capitur in loco eius ad sororem servandam; Saori sic promittit se Kyokoam recuperare Shokoque decidet se Saintiam fieri.

Sanctuarium simul capitur a [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Geminorum|Geminorum Saga Sancto Aureo]] sub persona [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Arietis Shion|Episcopi]] et vult Saoriam necari ad mundum universum capiendum. 
====''Saint Seiya: Soul of Gold''====
''Saint Seiya: Soul of Gold'' ([[Iaponice]] 聖闘士星矢・ソウル・オブ・ゴ ールド ''Seinto Seiya Sōru obu gōrudo'') est anime interretiale a ''[[Toei Animation]]'' factum et divulgatum a die [[11 Aprilis]] ad diem [[26 Septembris]] anni [[2015]] tridecim capitulis.

Medio in proelio contra [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Hades|Hadem]], duodecim Sancti Aurei sacrificaverunt vitas ad [[Murus Lamentationum]] delendum. Subito, [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Leonis Aiolia|Leonis Aiolia]] adest in [[Asgarthus|Asgartho]] sine causa. Ibi congreditur cum [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Lyfia|Lyfia]] puella nominata, ipsa quae eum rogat contra [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Andreas Rise|Andream Rise]] pugnare, qui novus sacerdos [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Polaris Hilda|Hildam]] surrogans. Brevi post tempore caeteri Sancti Aurei etiam adsunt in Asgartho, sed ulli eorum nesciunt quare resurrexerunt; sic, alteri sicut [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Cancri Mascimortalius|Cancri Mascimortalius]], [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Piscium Aphroditus|Piscium Aphroditus]] et [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Librae Dokho|Librae Dokho]] vitam novam vice temporis secundi habent, alteri sicut [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Virginis Shaka|Virginis Shaka]] et [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Tauri Aldebaran|Tauri Aldebaran]] nihil autem faciunt. Tamen, eventa mysteriosa sunt Asgartho: ibi tempore praeterito terra frigidissima erat, nunc calida et repente prospera devenit; simul, [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Bellatores Divi|Bellatores Divi]] iterum adsunt sed sub Andrea mala agunt.  
&lt;!--===Pelliculae===
====''Saint Seiya: Evil Goddess Eris''====
====''Saint Seiya: The Heated Battle of the Gods''====
====''Saint Seiya: The Legend of Crimson Youth''====
====''Saint Seiya: Warriors of the Final Holy Battle''====
====''Saint Seiya Heaven Chapter: Overture''====
====''Saint Seiya: Legend of the Sanctuary''====
--&gt;

==Mythologia in ''Saint Seiya''==
[[Fasciculus:Greek - Procession of Twelve Gods and Goddesses - Walters 2340.jpg|thumb|400 px|Nonnulli di e [[mythologia Graeca]] adsunt in ''Saint Seiya'', v.g. [[Athena]] (nona a laeva, [[cassis|casside]] [[strigiformes|strigeque]]), [[Posidon]] (octavus a laeva, [[tridens|tridente]]), [[Artemis]] (undecima a laeva, [[arcus (arma)|arcu]] [[pharetra]]que), [[Apollo]] (duodecimus a laeva, [[cithara]]) ac [[Ares]] seu [[Mars (deus)|Mars]] (quartus a laeva, casside [[hasta]]que).]]
In ''Saint Seiya'' operis omnibus sunt commemorationes nonnullae de [[mythologia Graeca]], ac mythologiis religionibusque caeteris, v.g. [[Buddhismus]], [[Christianismus]] et [[mythologia Nordica]].

De Buddhismo sunt nomina aliquarum personarum, v.g. [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Virginis Shaka|Virginis Shaka]] et [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Pavonis Shiva|Pavonis Shiva]]. [[Syncretismus]] monstratur et religiosus et mythicus, et lectoribus opus est scientia prior de rebus tractatis: conlocutiones inter Shakam (nomen de [[deva]] &quot;Shakra&quot; derivatur) et [[Buddha]]m, vel structura [[psychologia|psychologica]] difficilis [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Geminorum Saga|Sagae]] operas et classicam et derivatas perficiunt quoniam nonsolum merum bellum inter bonum malumque sed etiam propter futurum Telluris et imagine [[iustitia]]e de utra existimatione, narrat.

Parte tertia de Hade, magnopere subparte de [[infernus|Inferno]], commemorationes fiunt nonnullae de ''[[Divina Comoedia]]'' a [[Dantes Alagherius|Dante Alagherio]], v.g. ianua infernalis spem totam relicta esse iubans ([[Graece]] οποιοσ μπαινει εδω να παρατα καθε ελπιδα ''opoios bainei edo na parata cathe elpida'', [[Iaponice]] ここに人る者 一切の希望を捨てよ ''Koko ni hitoru mono issai no kibō wo suteyo'', ''Spes tota relinquenda est cuicumque intranti''), et flumen [[Acheron]] quod est transeundum ad Infernum attingendum.

==Receptio lectorum spectatorumque==
[[fasciculus:Cosplay Saint Seiya.JPG|325px|thumb|''[[Cosplay]]ers'' Sanctorum Aeneorum Vestibus Divis.]][[fasciculus:Cosplay_Hyoga_and_Seiya.jpg|325px|thumb|''[[Cosplay]]ers'' Seiyae Hyogaeque versiones secundas Vestium Aenearum gerentes.]]
''Saint Seiya'' fecit contributiones speciales evolitutioni culturae mangarum animumque Iaponicorum, et valentissima ac amplissima generis ''Doujinshi'' videtur cum ''[[Captain Tsubasa]]'', sic creavit magnam subculturam evolutionantem in operis derivatis. [[Mangaka]]e hodierni ut [[CLAMP|CLAMP grex]]&lt;ref&gt;Pink, D. (2007, 22 Octobris). Japan, Ink: Inside the manga industrial complex [interreti]. [https://www.wired.com/2007/10/ff-manga/?currentPage=4 Usuarium hic (Anglice)].&lt;/ref&gt;, [[Tite Kubo]]&lt;ref&gt;Aoki, D. (2018, 9 Ianuarii). Interview With Manga Artist Tite Kubo. In ''ThoughtCo'' [interreti]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190326161326/https://www.thoughtco.com/interview-tite-kubo-2282834 Usuarium hic (Anglice)].&lt;/ref&gt;, [[Yun Koga]], [[Kouta Hirano]] ac [[Masashi Kishimoto]] aiunt se affecti esse operis [[Masami Kurumada]], magnopere ''Saint Seiya''. Prosperitas mangae ''Saint Seiya'' originalis demonstratur 28 voluminibus venditis intra annos [[1986]] et [[1990]] in [[Iaponia]], et plus 25 [[1000000|deciens centenorum milium]] exemplorum&lt;ref&gt;ComiPress (2007, 6 Maii). The Rise and Fall of Weekly Shonen Jump: A Look at the Circulation of Weekly Jump. In ''ComiPress'' [interreti]. [https://www.comipress.com/article/2007/05/06/1923 Usuarium hic (Anglice)].&lt;/ref&gt;.

In encyclopaedia ''The anime encyclopedia: a guide to Japanese animation since 1917'' ([[Anglice]]: ''Encyclopaedia de anime: enchiridion de animatione Iaponica ab anno 1917''), Ionathas Clements et Helena McCarthy fabulam difficilem celebrant, et [[Shingo Araki|Shingum Araki]] [[Michi Himeno|Michiamque Himeno]] imginibus magiam pro anime pelliculisque fecisse putant. Musica a [[Shigeyasu Yamauchi]] ac pausae capitulorum definita etiam laudata est&lt;ref&gt;Clements, I. McCarthy, H. (2001). ''The anime encyclopedia: a guide to Japanese animation since 1917''. Berkeley: Stone Bridge Press.&lt;/ref&gt;. Altera parte, Iason Thompson operam solum bellum esse dixit&lt;ref&gt;Thompsom, I. (2010, 18 Novembris). Jason Thompson's House of 1000 Manga - Saint Seiya: Knights of the Zodiac. In ''Anime News Network'' [interreti]. [https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/house-of-1000-manga/2010-11-18 Usuarium hic (Anglice)].&lt;/ref&gt;.

In [[Iaponia]] ''Saint Seiya'' opera originalis (anni 1986-1990) videtur una 25 operarum animatarum amplissimarum carissimarum in historia mangarum. Anno [[1987]] opera electa est optimum anime ''Anime Grand Prix'' libelli Iaponici ''Animage''&lt;ref&gt;Editores ''Animage'' (1988, Iunio). «第10回アニメグランプリ[1988年6月号]» [interreti]. Extractum de versione servata die 20 Novembris anni 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121130221812/http://animage.jp/old/gp/gp_1988.html Usuarium hic (Iaponice)].&lt;/ref&gt;. Anno sequente, ''Saint Seiya'' electum est suboptimum anime, victum pellicula ''Totoro Accola'' ([[Iaponice]] となりのトトロ, ''Tonari no Totoro'')&lt;ref&gt;Editores ''Animage'' (1989, Maio).  «第11回アニメグランプリ[1989年5月号]» [interreti]. Extractum de versione servata die 13 Martii anni 2013. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130313164857/http://animage.jp/old/gp/gp_1989.html Usuarium hic (Iaponice)].&lt;/ref&gt;.

In [[Brasilia]] divulgatio operae mutavit formam [[anime|animium]] spectandorum, progressionem propter anime faciens. Rebus publicis caeteris [[America Latina|Americae Latinae]] ut [[Mexicum|Mexico]], [[Argentina]] [[Venetiola]]que ''Saint Seiya'' mercale propositum distributione magna [[crepundium|crepundiorum]] a ''[[Bandai]]'' adduxit, etsi animationes Iaponicae ut ''[[Robotech]]'' ac ''[[Mazinger Z]]'' iam monstratae erant. Sic, [[lusitanice|versio Brasiliensis]] e [[hispanice|versione Hispanica]] derivavit. Et manga et anime in [[Res publica popularis Sinarum|Sinis]], [[Hongcongum|Hongcongo]] [[Taiwan|Taivaniaque]] etiam veneunt.

In [[Canadia]] [[USA|Civitatibusque Foederatis]] opera non vicit prima divulgatione. Anno [[2003]] cum nomine ''Knights of the Zodiac'' ([[Anglice]]: ''Equites Zodiacales'') solummodo spectatores in America Anglicana obtinuit, magnopere in [[quebecum|Quebeco]] (Canadia) ac [[Visconsinia]] (Civitatibus Foederatis). Tamen, negotium ''[[DiC Entertainment]]'' fecit mutationes colossaeas in fabula musicaque, sequitores frustrans plures; ad hoc solvendum, [[DVD]] divulgati sunt fabula tota sine correptione nec mutationibus. 

Fabulae derivate sunt e opera prima ''Saint Seiya'' mangae prosperitatis gratia, sed nullis prosperitas similis facta est.
===Corruptiones contraversionesque===
Cum ''Saint Seiya'' vinceret [[decennium|decennio]] anni [[1990]], corruptiones contraversionesque adfuerunt nonnullae argumenti gratia. Reprensio maxima de innumeris momentis vehementissimis tractat, [[impubes|impuberes]] affectans. Parentes nonnulli ac consociationes indicaverunt imagines improprias impuberibus, qui erant homines [[programma televisificum]] videntes. Dicebatur quoque quod &quot;opera [[homophylophilia]]m citabat&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Plaza Torres, I. (2019, 5 Ianuarii). La histórica &quot;polémica&quot; de 'Caballeros del Zodiaco' y su &quot;incitación a la homosexualidad&quot;. In ''Los replicantes'' [interreti]. [https://www.losreplicantes.com/articulos/incitacion-homosexualidad-caballeros-del-zodiaco/ Usuarium hic (Hispanice)].&lt;/ref&gt;. Ex hoc, in [[Hispania]] ''Saint Seiya'' anime prohibitum est quoniam detractores [[homophylophilia|viros androphilos]] multos monstratos esse indicabant, v.g. [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Andromedae Shun|Andromedae Shun]], [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Piscium Aphorditus|Piscium Aphroditus]] ac [[index personarum in ''Saint Seiya''#Sancti Argentei|Lacertae Nebulosus]]. Unum momentorum notissimorum de Shuno supra Hyogam incubante ad alterum de gelu exsolvendum spectabat, sed idem dissimillimum ipso in manga monstrato ubi Shun tantum iuxta Hyogam sedet. Secundum unum directorum, hoc momentum consulto permutatum est.

In [[America Latina]], prima monstratio [[pellicula]]e ''Saint Seiya: Bellatores postremi belli sancti'' ([[Iaponice]] 聖闘士星矢 最終聖戦の戦士たち, ''Saint Seiya: Saishū seisen no senshi tachi''), quae narrat bellum contra [[Satanas|Satanam]] militesque eius ''Angelos Lapsos'' appellatos, corruptiones duas habuit&lt;ref&gt;Pars Bibliis ardentibus amissa est a divulgatoribus in Mexico. [http://jeelriderz.blogspot.com/2007/10/saint-seiya-blue-dream-acoustic-version.html Usuarium hic (Hispanice)].&lt;/ref&gt;: altera mortem Sanctorum Aureorum ab Angelis Lapsis monstrat, altera [[Biblia]] ardentia Hyoga de identitate Satanae explicante.

==Bibliographia==
*Vásquez, I. (2019, 19 Ianuarii). Saint Seiya: hablemos de las marinas. In ''RPP Noticias'' [interreti]. [https://rpp.pe/blog/el-cuarto-de-seiya/saint-seiya-hablemos-de-las-marinas-noticia-1175751 Usuarium hic (Hispanice)].

{{NexInt}}
* [[Jump Force]]

==Notae==
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      <comment>/* Aetas Israelita */</comment>
      <origin>3964333</origin>
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      <text bytes="29363" sha1="guqtpitp7vi41imy59zndr401nkw6w5" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Adumbratio}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}}
[[Fasciculus:93439_marina_ashkelon_PikiWiki_Israel.jpg|thumb]]

{{res|Ascalon}} ([[Hebraice]] אַשְׁקְלוֹן) est [[urbs]] in [[Israël]]e sita. Quae urbs primum condita esse abhinc annorum decem milia dicitur. [[Portus|Portum]] habebat, unde [[merx|merces]] et inferebantur et exportabantur.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus
	| titulus = &quot;העבר של אשקלון הוא הנשמה שלה, ועדות לכל מה שהיא מסמלת&quot;
	| lingua = he
	| domus editoria = The Marker
	| url = https://www.themarker.com/labels/ashkelon/2022-09-22/ty-article-labels/00000183-6525-dd85-a9f3-67bfe3d00000
}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ascalon una ex quinque urbibus [[Philistaei|Philistaeorum]] est quae in [[Liber Iosue|libro Iosue]] 13:3 memorantur.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus
	| titulus = Ascalon
	| domus editoria = New Advent
	| url = https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01766b.htm
}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Urbs autem hodierna anno [[1948]] condita est.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus
	| titulus = היסטוריה ותרבות באשקלון – כשישן וחדש נפגשים
	| domus editoria = אלדן
	| url = https://www.eldan.co.il/magazine/carrental/rentcarashkelon/history-ashkelon#
}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Anno [[2020]] circiter 146&amp;thinsp;500 homines ibi habitabant.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus
	| titulus = אשקלון
	| lingua = he
	| domus editoria = הלשקה המרכזית לסטטיסטיקה
	| url = https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/publications/doclib/2022/local_authorities20_1879/58_7100.pdf
}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Historia ==
=== Ascalon praehistorica ===
Ascalon [[Neolithicum|neolithica]] circiter centum metra a mari iacebat, 15-20 metra supra [[maris aequor]]. Multa instrumenta [[silicium|silicea]] et [[lapis|lapidea]], nonnulla autem [[os (ossis)|ossea]], in eo loco inventa sunt necnon [[Ossa humana|ossium humanorum]] fragmenta. Bona testimonia [[ovis|ovium]] domesticarum quoque sunt, quae in [[regio]]nem fortasse [[Millennium 6 a.C.n.|millenio 6 a.C.n.]] introductae sunt.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url= https://www.jstor.org/stable/27926432 | titulus= A Late Neolithic Site near Ashkelon | nomen auctoris 1= Jean | cognomen auctoris 1= Perrot | nomen auctoris 2= Avi | cognomen auctoris 2= Gopher | domus editoria = Israel Exploration Journal | volumen= 46 | paginae= 145-166 | annus = 1996 | fasciculus= 3/4}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Prima [[Aetas aënea|Aetate aënea]] Ascalon ad instrumenta ex [[Cuprum|cupro]] {{Creanda | en | Arabah | Arabahensi}} facienda praecipue exculta est. Inventa [[archaeologia|archaeologica]] cum migratione fabrorum aerariorum ex [[Berosaba]] congruunt.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url= https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/cambridge-archaeological-journal/article/cultural-metallurgya-key-factor-in-the-transition-from-the-chalcolithic-to-bronze-age-in-the-southern-levant/0B642A3959D1C9B9BA9EF447AAD59EC3 | titulus= Cultural Metallurgy-A Key Factor in the Transition from the Chalcolithic to Bronze Age in the Southern Levant | domus editoria= Cambridge Archaeological Journal | volumen= 32 | fasciculus= 3 | annus= 2021 | cognomen auctoris= Amzallag | nomen auctoris = Amzallag | paginae= 445-465}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Argumenta sunt instrumentorum metallicorum in laniena animalium usurpatorum, sed maxima pars signorum secturarum instrumentis lapideis facta est.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url= https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Haskel-Greenfield/publication/285404224_Metallurgy_in_the_Near_East_A_Zooarchaeological_Perspective_on_the_Origins_of_Metallurgy_in_the_Near_East_Analysis_of_Stone_and_Metal_Cut_Marks_on_Bone_from_Israel/links/565de58208ae4988a7bd14d2/Metallurgy-in-the-Near-East-A-Zooarchaeological-Perspective-on-the-Origins-of-Metallurgy-in-the-Near-East-Analysis-of-Stone-and-Metal-Cut-Marks-on-Bone-from-Israel.pdf | titulus= Metallurgy in the Near East A Zooarchaeological Perspective on the Origins of Metallurgy in the Near East: Analysis of Stone and Metal Cut Marks on Bone from Israel | nomen auctoris= Haskel J. | cognomen auctoris= Greenfield}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Historia antiqua ===
{{Paginae principales|Ascalon (urbs antiqua)}}
[[Fasciculus:Ashkelon – The Canaanite city gate and ramparts.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Ascalonis Chananaeae porta.]]
Urbs [[Chanaan|Chananaea]] [[Saeculum 20 a.C.n.|saeculo vicensimo a.C.n.]] condita est, longitudine 1100 metrorum et latitudine 600 metrorum, moenibus quindecim metra altis circumdata.&lt;ref name=&quot;BibleWalks&quot;&gt;{{Opus
	| titulus = Tel Ashkelon
	| domus editoria = Bible Walks
	| url = https://www.biblewalks.com/ashkelon/
}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Primum memorantur Ascalon in textibus execrationis [[Aegyptus|Aegyptiis]] quae ad {{Creanda|en|Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt|Domus Aegypti 11|undecimam dynastiam}} referuntur, et per dynastias {{Creanda|en|Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt|Domus Aegypti 18|XVIII}} ad XX fortasse urbs Chananaea Aegyptiorum imperio subiecta erat. Anno [[1280 a.C.n.]], frustra Ascalon contra [[Rhamses II|Ramsem II]] rebellavit. Anno [[1229 a.C.n.]], urbs ab [[Amenephthis|Amenephthe]] [[Pharao]]ne rursus capta est.&lt;ref name=&quot;JewishLibrary&quot;&gt;{{Opus
	| titulus = Ashkelon
	| domus editoria = Jewish Virtual Library
	| url = https://jewishvirtuallibrary.org/ashkelon
}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Ascalon a [[Tribus Iudae|tribu Iudae]] capta est:&lt;ref name=&quot;BibleWalks&quot;/&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;Cepitque Iudas [[Gaza]]m cum finibus suis et Ascalonem atque Accaron cum terminis suis. (Iudicum 1:18).&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url= https://www.vatican.va/archive/bible/nova_vulgata/documents/nova-vulgata_vt_iudicum_lt.html | titulus= Nova Vulgata LIBER IUDICUM | domus editoria= Vatican}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

[[Saeculum 12 a.C.n.|Saeculo duodecimo a.C.n.]], urbs a [[Philistaei|Philistaeis]] capta est. Ascalon saepe in [[narratio]]nibus de [[Samson]]e in [[Biblia|Bibliis]] commemoratur. Quae urbs tempore {{Creanda|en|Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy)|Regnum Israeliticum (monarchia unita)|monarchiae Israeliticae}} adhuc erat Philistaeorum una ex praecipuis urbibus.&lt;ref name=&quot;JewishLibrary&quot;/&gt; [[Saul (Rex)|Saul]], Israëlis Rex primus, Philistinos Philistinos vicit et multas urbes cepit. Rex ipse in proelio cecidit, [[David]]que lugens eos versiculos recitavit:&lt;ref name=&quot;BibleWalks&quot;/&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;Incliti, o Israel, super montes tuos interfecti, quomodo ceciderunt fortes! Nolite annuntiare in Geth neque annuntietis in compitis Ascalonis, ne forte laetentur filiae Philisthim, ne exsultent filiae incircumcisorum. (II Samuelis 1:19-20),&lt;ref&gt;{{opus |titulus=Nova Vulgata LIBER SECUNDUS SAMUELIS |domus editoria= Vatican | url=https://www.vatican.va/archive/bible/nova_vulgata/documents/nova-vulgata_vt_ii-samuelis_lt.html}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;

Ascalonem punitum iri praedixerunt prophetae [[Ieremias]], [[Amos (propheta)|Amos]], [[Sophonias]], et [[Zacharias (propheta)|Zacharias]].&lt;ref name=&quot;BibleWalks&quot;/&gt; [[Saeculum 18 a.C.n.|Saeculo duodevicensimo a.C.n.]] a regno Ascalonis multas terras a regno expugnavit [[Assyria]], et Anno [[734 a.C.n.]] urbs a {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Tiglatpileser III|Tiglatpilesero III|en|qid=Q210074}} capta est. Anno [[732 a.C.n.]] Rex Ascalonis frustra contra Assyrios rebellavit, propter quod urbs graviter punita est. [[Rex Sidqia]] postea participavit in alia rebellione contra Assyriam, duce [[Ezechias|Ezechia]]. Apud [[Sennacherib]], urbes Sidqiae prope [[Iappa|Iappam]] captae sunt, et Ascalon ipse se dedidit, cuius rex exsulatus est. Tributum quod Ascalon reddidit in inscriptionibus principum Esarhaddon et Assurbanipal memoratur, qui urbem fine [[Saeculum 7 a.C.n.|saeculi 7]] et initio [[Saeculum 6 a.C.n.|sexto a.C.n.]] ad [[Aegyptus antiqua|Aegyptum]] pugnandum adhibuit. De calamitatibus quas urbs sufferebat scripserunt prophetae biblici.&lt;ref name=&quot;JewishLibrary&quot;/&gt;

Cum imperium Assyriorum caderet, Aegyptus urbem occupavit. Anno [[604 a.C.n.]], Ascalon a [[Nabuchodonosor II|Nabuchodonosore]] deleta est, qui multos cives urbis exsulavit, quo facto sexcentorum annorum praesentiae Philistaeorum in Israele finis impositus est. Munitiones Ascalonis post Babylonicam excidionem non reaedificatae sunt.&lt;ref name=&quot;JewishLibrary&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;BibleWalks&quot;/&gt;

Sub [[Imperium Achaemenidarum|imperio Persarum]], quod Ascalonem a Babyloniis cepit, Iudaeis [[Ierusalem]] redire licuit, sed Ascalon tum pars provinciae Iudaeae non fuit. In Ascalone ceterisque urbibus Philistaeorum, habitabant [[Phoenices]], et ipsa Ascalon [[Tyros|Tyriorum]] dicioni parebat. Id urbi magnas divitias attulit. [[Archaeologus|Archaeologi]] in Ascalone magnum [[Ascalonis Canum Coemeterium|canum coemeterium]] invenerunt, quod ad ritum Phoenicum pertinebat. In eo coemeterio plus quam mille [[Canis|canes]] erant.&lt;ref name=&quot;BibleWalks&quot;/&gt;

[[Alexander Magnus|Alexandro Magno]] Ascalon se anno [[332 a.C.n.]] dedit, neque, ut [[Gaza]], laesa est.&lt;ref name=&quot;BibleWalks&quot;/&gt; Post divisionem imperii [[Alexander Magnus|Alexandri]], Ascalon in [[Regnum Ptolemaicum|regno Ptolemaico]] erat, et urbs sui iuris facta est. Tum [[Iudaei]] in Ascalone [[floruit|floruerunt]]. Urbs deinde ab [[Antiochus III|Antiocho III]] capta sedes [[Cultura Graeca|culturae Graecae]] magni momenti facta est. Propter imminutam potentiam [[Seleucidae|Seleucidarum]], Anno [[104 a.C.n.]] Ascalon rursus in [[libertas|libertatem]] se recepit. Reges {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ioannes Hyrcanus|Ioannes Hyrcanus|en|he|qid=Q319043}} et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Alexander Jannaeus|Alexander Jannaeus|en|he|qid=Q319107}} ex [[Hasmonaei|genere Hasmonaeorum]] urbem capere frustra conati sunt.&lt;ref name=&quot;JewishLibrary&quot;/&gt;

[[Fasciculus:Ask NTL PARK.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Columnae Romanae in Saepto Nationali Ascalonis.]]
[[Imperium Romanum|Aetate Romana]], Colonia Ascalonensis liberate et foederata fuit. In urbe [[Paganismus|pagani]] [[Apollo|Apollinem]], [[Hercules|Herculem]], et [[Atargatis|Atargatidem]] venerati sunt, deam facie et parte superiore corporis muliebri, parte inferiore corporis et cauda piscis. [[Herodes Magnus|Herodes]], quamquam urbem non regebat, fora tamen ibi atque balnea publica hortosque exstruxit, fortasse quod ibi natus erat. In [[Primum Bellum Iudaicum|primo bello Iudaico]], Ascalon Iudaeos aggressus, victor exiit.&lt;ref name=&quot;JewishLibrary&quot;/&gt;

Tempore [[Misna]] et [[Talmud]], [[Iudaei]] in urbe degere soliti sunt, quarum [[Synagoga|synagogas]] [[Synagoga|archeologi]] invenerunt. In Talmude de [[Arbustum|pomariis]], quae reditus e [[Babylonia]] prope Ascalonem fundaverunt, legitur.&lt;ref name=&quot;JewishLibrary&quot;/&gt;

[[Aetas Byzantina|Aetate Byzantina]], urbs [[Religio Christiana|Christiana]] facta est. Ascalon sedes commercii [[vinum|vini]] optimi et [[frumentum|frumenti]] erat.&lt;ref name=&quot;BibleWalks&quot;/&gt; [[Vinum]] ex Ascalone illo tempore in [[Anglia]] repertum est.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url= https://cbnisrael.org/2024/10/15/biblical-israel-ashkelon-4/ | titulus= Biblical Israel: Ashkelon | cognomen auctoris= Turnage | nomen auctoris= Marc | tempus=15-10-2024 | domus editoria=CBN Israel}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Medium Aevum ===
Anno [[637]] Ascalon ab Arabibus capta atque deleta est. Anno [[685]] urbs restituta est, in qua iam et [[Christianus|Christiani]] et [[Iudaei]] et [[Samaritani]] et [[Musulmanus|Musulmani]] habitabant. Inter religiones interdum erant conflictus, propter quos ecclesia in urbe anno [[937]] combusta est.&lt;ref name=&quot;BibleWalks&quot;/&gt;

[[Fasciculus:Battle of Ascalon-engraving.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Pugna Ascalonis.]]
Cum [[Regnum Hierosolymitanum]] a [[Expeditio sacra|crucesignatis]]  conditum esset, urbs inter Christianos et Musulmanos finis facta est. Diu exercitus circa urbem pugnaverunt, et anno [[1099]] [[Pugna Ascalonis|pugna Ascalonis]] committeretur. Crucesignati Ascalonem aliquandiu teneuerunt, deinde ad [[Oriens|orientem]] se receperunt. Ab anno [[1101]] ad annum [[1114]] Aegyptii terram sanctam capere conabantur, dum duus exercitus circa urbem saepissime puganabant. Anno [[1125]] Rex [[Balduinus II (rex Hierosolymitanus)|Balduinus II]] Ascalonem capere frustra conatus est, anno autem [[1154]] [[Balduinus III (rex Hierosolymitanus)|Balduinus III]] successit. Urbs crucesignatis magni momenti fuit; anno autem [[1187]], [[4 Septembris|quarto die mensis Septembris]], a [[Saladinus|Saladino]] capta est, qui castella, ne Christiani eis uterentur, delevit.&lt;ref name=&quot;BibleWalks&quot;/&gt;

Anno [[1191]], [[Ricardus I (rex Angliae)|Ricardus I]] [[rex Angliae]] Ascalonem recepit murosque aedificavit, quos Arabes rursus deleverant. Anno [[1240]], [[Ricardus (comes Cornubiae)|Ricardus comes Cornubiae]] urbem iterum munivit. Anno autem [[1247]], [[Ayyubidae]] urbem ceperunt. Anno [[1270]], urbs a [[Mamluci|Mamlucis]] capta et deleta est, nec crucesignati eam rursus condiderunt. Duo [[oppidum|oppida]] Arabum, {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Magdala||he|qid=Q132129150}} et Iagur, prope Ascalonem antiquam condita sunt, in quibus homines ex Aegypto vivebant.&lt;ref name=&quot;BibleWalks&quot;/&gt; Ascalonis propter excidionem, Magdala magni momenti facta est.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | titulus= אשקלון - שכונת מגדל העברית | url= https://shimur.org/%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9F-%D7%A9%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%AA-%D7%9E%D7%92%D7%93%D7%9C-%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA/ | domus editoria= מועצה לשימור אתרי מורשת בישראל | nomen auctoris 1= גד | cognomen auctoris 1= סובול | nomen auctoris 2= אבי | cognomen auctoris 2= ששון | tempus= 01-10-2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Aetas Turcica ac Britannica ===

=== Aetas Israelita ===
Die [[5 Novembris]] anno [[1948]], locus ab [[Israel|Israele]] captus est. Urbs primum [[Lingua Hebraica|Hebraice]] vocatus est “Migdal Aza”, postea “Migdal Gad”, anno tandem [[1951]] “Migdal Aškelon”.&lt;ref name=&quot;70anni&quot;/&gt; Mense Februario anno [[1950]], habitabant in eo loco 3500 [[Iudaeus|Iudaei]], et 2500 [[Arabes]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url= https://www.nli.org.il/he/newspapers/dav/1950/02/10/01/article/98 | titulus= מגדל־גד בהתפתחותה,בחירות ב־26 בפברואר | domus editoria= דבר | tempus= 10-02-1950 }}.&lt;/ref&gt; Anno [[1955]], urbs Migal Aškelon et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Afridar||he|qid=Q6632325}}, qui prope eam erat, in unum coniunctae sunt, et urbs una vocatur Ascalon. Primus conventus consilii [[6 Octobris]] anno [[1955]] in Domo Populi, media in Afridare, coiit.&lt;ref name=&quot;70anni&quot;&gt;{{Opus | url= https://www.kan-ashkelon.co.il/news/18231 | titulus= 70 שנה: 70 אירועים ודמויות מתולדות אשקלון | domus editoria= כאן דרום אשקלון | tempus= 19-04-2018 00:14 | nomen auctoris 1= ג'ני | cognomen auctoris 1= פרנקל שלום | nomen auctoris 2=גייל | cognomen auctoris 2= מיכאלי | nomen auctoris 3= אורי| cognomen auctoris 3= קריספין| nomen auctoris 4=דוד | cognomen auctoris 4= לוי}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Anni [[1975]]-[[1977]] in Ascalone duri fuerunt. Magnae in concilio urbis contentiones erant, debita creverunt, et culpae criminales primorum virorum municipii coeperunt.  Mense [[November|Novembri]] anno [[1977]], consilium delegatum ad comitia populi, quae [[November|Novembri]] [[1978]] fuerunt, institutum est.&lt;ref name=&quot;70anni&quot; /&gt;

Anno [[1983]], {{Creanda|he| תחנת הכוח רוטנברג |electrificinae Ruthenbergiae}} aedificatio approbata est. Mense [[December|Decembri]] eo anno incepit opus, anno denique 1990 [[electrificina]] toti loco [[Electricitas|electricitatem]] suppeditare coepit.&lt;ref name=&quot;70anni&quot; /&gt;

[[Fasciculus:Khofit memorial in Ashkelon.jpg |thumb|upright=0.8| [[Monumentum]] in honorem mulieris Khofit quae a tromocrata interfecta est.]]
Die [[25 Februarii]] anno [[1991]], dum per totam [[Israël|Israëlem]] multa [[Tromocratia|acta tromocratica]] fiebant, Ascalone una mulier impetu suidicali interfecta est et 36 homines vulnera acceperunt. Die [[14 Februarii]] [[2001]], tromocrata [[Lacinia Gazetica|Gazeticus]] Ascalone 8 homines [[Autocinetum|autocineto]] necavit.&lt;ref name=&quot;70anni&quot; /&gt;

== Demographia ==
Anno [[2023]], 86.1 centesimae hominum qui in Ascalone vivebant [[Iudaei]] erant, 0.4 centesimae [[Musulmanus|Musulmani]], et 13.5 centesimae alias [[Religio|religiones]] profitebantur.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url= https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/publications/DocLib/2026/local_authorities23/%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9F.pdf | titulus= הרשויות המקומיות ישראל 2023 אשקלון | domus editoria= הלשכה המרכזית לסטטיסטיקה }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Monumenta ==
=== Saeptum Nationale Ascalonense ===
[[Fasciculus:Mosaic floor at Ashkelon.jpg |thumb|upright=0.8|[[Opus tessellatum]] in Saepto Nationali Ascalonense]]
Ubi fuit urbs antiqua hodie est [[Saeptum Nationale Ascalonense]],&lt;ref name=&quot;placesToVisit&quot;/&gt; quod anno [[1964]] primum [[saeptum nationale]] in Israele designatum est.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url=https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/mobile/0,7340,L-2124593,00.html | titulus= הגן הלאומי באשקלון | nomen auctoris= בועז | cognomen auctoris= כרמל | tempus= 26-09-2002 10:59 | domus editoria= ynet }}.&lt;/ref&gt; Muri, qui urbem circumdederunt, in eo loco quoque hodie sunt. Saeptum [[hortus|hortum]] multis [[statua|statuis]] Romanis ornatum habet.&lt;ref name=&quot;placesToVisit&quot;&gt;{{Opus | url= https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vie/Ashkelon.html#Ashkelon | titulus= Ashkelon &amp; Surroundings PLACES TO VISIT | domus editoria=Jewish Virtual Library}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Altitudo vallis Chananaeae est 15 metra, latitudo 30 metra, longitudo 2200 metra.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url= https://www.mako.co.il/travel-israel/magazine-themostbeautifulcities/Article-78f8f49c8c26371026.htm | domus editoria= mako | titulus= חופש הערים הכי יפות בארץ. מה יש לעשות באשקלון| tempus=19-05-2021}}.&lt;/ref&gt; In saepto est basilica Romana, quam [[archeologus|archaeologi]] ab [[Herodes Magnus|Herode]] conditam esse putant,&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url=https://www.jpost.com/archaeology/2000-year-old-basilica-unearthed-in-ashkelon-669665 |titulus=2,000-year-old basilica unearthed in Ashkelon | nomen auctoris=Rosella | cognomen auctoris=Tercatin | domus editoria=Jerusalem Post | tempus=31-05-2021 19:25}}.&lt;/ref&gt; et maximum in orbe terrarum canum coemeterium.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url= https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/mobile/0,7340,L-5047211,00.html | titulus=תעלומת בית הקברות לכלבים הגדול בעולם שהתגלה באשקלון  | nomen auctoris= אסף| cognomen auctoris= קמר| tempus= 25-11-2017 07:59 | domus editoria= ynet}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Anno [[2024]] Saeptum quintum in popularitate in Israele fuit; anno autem [[2025]] secundum.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | titulus= גם ב-2025 – זה אתר הטיולים הפופולרי בישראל | url=https://www.ynet.co.il/vacation/israeltrips/article/rjp9q7egwl | nomen auctoris= אסף| cognomen auctoris= רוזן| domus editoria=ynet | tempus= 08-12-2025 15:00 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Multa animalia quoquoe in hoc loco vivunt. [[Dendrocopos syriacus]], [[Upapa]], et [[Psittacula krameri]] in cavis arborum [[Tamarix|tamaricis]] veterum nidificant; [[Prinia gracilis]], [[Burhinus]], [[Passer hispaniolensis]], et [[Lanius nubicus]] in campis. [[Jynx torquilla]] et [[Luscinia svecica]] hieme in saepto inveniuntur. [[Laudakia stellio]], [[Vulpes vulpes]], [[Gazella gazella gazella]], [[Herpestes]], et [[Caretta caretta]] quoque invenientur in hoc loco.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus |  url=https://www.ynet.co.il/environment-science/article/skv5vvbsn | titulus= מחרדונים ועד נמיות: הצצה לעולם החי הקסום בגן הלאומי תל אשקלון | domus editoria= ynet | tempus= 28-07-2023 16:28}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Monumentum in honorem caesorum in bellis Israel ===
[[Fasciculus:Lanoflim Askelon 11.jpg | thumb |upright=0.8|[[Monumentum]] in honorem caesorum in bellis Israeliensibus.]]
{{Creanda|he|אנדרטה לנופלים (אשקלון) | Monumentum in honorem caesorum in bellis Israel}} in prato herboso est ante [[Curia municipalis|curiam municipalem]]. Elementum sculptile compositum virtutem et bellum significat. Parietes aedificii sexanguli tabulas marmoris nigras constant, in quibus inscripta sunt nomina caesorum. In parite contra inscriptum est “Aeternum vobis gratias agimus. De gerenatione in generationem gloriam eorum narrabimus.”&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url= https://www.izkor.gov.il/monument/en_d9b0257bc0e71a1983f1ec8d7e8bde66/ | titulus= אנדרטה לנופלים במערכות ישראל. אשקלון| domus editoria= יזכור }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

===Portus Navigiorum Ascalonensis===
[[Fasciculus:מרינה אשקלון.PNG | thumb |upright=0.8|Portus Navigiorum Ascalonensis.]]
{{Creanda|he| מרינה אשקלון | Portus Navigiorum Ascalonensis}}, anno [[1991]] conditus, locus est ad navigia velifera et [[Navis lusoria |naves lusorias]] ancorandas, et multasque [[Popina sellariola| popinas sellariolas]] habet.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus| url= https://baliletayel.co.il/atraction/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94-%D7%A9%D7%9C-%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9F-%D7%98%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%AA-%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%99%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA-%D7%9C%D7%A6%D7%93-%D7%9E/ | titulus= המרינה של אשקלון – טיילת אטרקטיבית לצד מעגן סירות | domus editoria= בא לי לטייל}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Portus, qui plerumque ad oblectamentum destinatur, in {{Creanda| en| Twelve-Day War |bello contra Iraniam}} magni momenti factus est. Homines eo usi sunt ut via ad Israëlem ingrediendum et ex eo egrediendum esset, cum [[aeroportus]] clausus esset.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url= https://www.kan-ashkelon.co.il/news/95583 | titulus= מי היה מאמין? זה התפקיד של המרינה באשקלון במלחמה עם איראן | domus editoria= כאן דרום אשקלון | tempus= 18-06-2025 15:22}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Porum visitant non modo qui in Ascalone habitant, sed quoque in [[Berosaba]], [[Azotus|Azoto]], [[Kiriat-Gat]], et aliis urbibus.&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url= https://www.israelhayom.co.il/travel/tourism-news/article/19966651 | titulus= שעה מתל אביב: מתחם הבילוי שעבר מהפך - וכולם נוהרים אליו | nomen auctoris= ליאת | cognomen auctoris= מופז מילצ'ן | tempus= 23-02-2026 19:40 | domus editoria= ישראל היום}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Urbes geminae ==
* {{Vexillum icon|Canada}} [[Côte Saint-Luc]], [[Quebecum]], [[Canada]] (ab anno [[1975]])&lt;ref&gt;{{opus | url=https://cotesaintluc.org/en/the-city/about-csl/ | titulus=About CSL | domus editoria= cotesaintluc.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{opus | url=https://www.bnaibrith.ca/advocacy/jewish-heritage-month/jhm-cote-saint-luc/ | titulus=JEWISH HERITAGE MONTH PARTNER: COTE SAINT LUC, QUEBEC | domus editoria= Bnai Brith Canada}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Vexillum icon|Ruthenia Alba}} [[Grodna]], [[Ruthenia Alba]] (ab anno [[2011]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | tempus= 23-02-2011 | url= https://ashkelon.news/article/9023 |titulus= עוד עיר תאומה ברית ערים תאומות נחתמה בין העיר אשקלון לגרודנו (בלרוס). רה&quot;ע של גרודנו קוזלקוב בוריס הגיע לאשקלון עם אנשי עסקים המעוניינים ליצור קשרי מסחר | domus editoria= ashkelon.news}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | tempus= 2011-03-01 13:16 | url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402150430/https://news.tut.by/society/216834.html | titulus= Израильский город Ашкелон стал двенадцатым городом-побратимом Гродно | domus editoria=news.tut.by}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Vexillum icon|Francia}} [[Aquae Sextiae]], [[Francia]] (ab anno [[1994]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url=https://www.aixenprovence.fr/Ashkelon-ISRAEL | titulus=Ashkelon (ISRAEL) | domus editoria= aixenprovence.fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Vexillum icon|Germania}} [[Pancovium]], [[Germania]] (Ab anno [[1994]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url=https://www.berlin.de/ba-pankow/ueber-den-bezirk/staedtepartner/artikel.1535473.en.php | titulus = City Partnerships | domus editoria= Bezirksamt
Pankow}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url=https://pankow-ashkelon.org/en/about-us | titulus= About Us | domus editoria= Freundeskreis Berlin Pankow-Ashkelon}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Vexillum icon|Civitates Foederatae Americae}} [[Portlandia (Oregonia)|Portlandia]], [[Oregonia]], [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] (ab anno [[1987]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url=https://www.studycountry.com/wiki/what-is-portland-oregon-sister-city | titulus=What is Portland Oregon sister city? | domus editoria= studycountry.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Vexillum icon|Civitates Foederatae Americae}} [[Baltimora (Terra Mariae)|Baltimora]], [[Terra Mariae]], [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] (ab anno [[2003]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url=https://baltimorefishbowl.com/stories/baltimores-awkward-relationship-sister-cities/ |domus editoria= Baltimore Fish Bowl | titulus=Baltimore’s Awkward Relationship with Our Sister Cities |nomen auctoris=Rachel | cognomen auctoris=Monroe | tempus=22-04-2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url= https://www.jewishtimes.com/baltimore-ashkelon-partnership-supports-israeli-city-after-rocket-strikes/ | titulus= Baltimore-Ashkelon Partnership Supports Israeli City After Rocket Strikes | nomen auctoris=Jillian |cognomen auctoris=Diamond | tempus=24-05-2023 | domus editoria=Jewish Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus |url=https://associated.org/stories/the-baltimore-ashkelon-partnership-celebrating-20-years/ | titulus=The Baltimore-Ashkelon Partnership: Celebrating 20 Years | domus editoria= The Associated Jewish Federation in Baltimore}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Vexillum icon|Civitates Foederatae Americae}} [[Sacramentum (California)|Sacramentum]], [[California]], [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] (ab anno [[2012]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/after-battle-sacramento-okays-sisterhood-with-ashkelon/ | domus editoria= Times of Israel | titulus= After battle, Sacramento okays sisterhood with Ashkelon | nomen auctoris= Joshua | cognomen auctoris= Davidovich | tempus=15-08-2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url=https://www.cbsnews.com/sacramento/news/sumy-ukraine-becomes-sacramentos-latest-sister-city/ | titulus=Sumy, Ukraine becomes Sacramento's latest Sister City | domus editoria= CBS News | nomen auctoris=Cecilio | cognomen auctoris=  Padilla| tempus=29-06-2023}} “Eleven other cities have been named Sister Cities with Sacramento … Ashkelon, Israel”&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus |url=https://jweekly.com/2012/08/17/its-unanimous-sacramento-ashkelon-now-sister-cities/ | domus editoria= Jewish Weekly | titulus= Its unanimous: Sacramento, Ashkelon now sister cities | nomen auctoris= Emma | cognomen auctoris=Silvers |tempus=17-08-2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Vexillum icon|Polonia}} [[Sopot (Polonia)|Sopot]], [[Polonia]] (ab anno [[1993]] ad annum [[2025]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | titulus= Sopot pierwszym samorządem w Polsce, który zerwał partnerstwo z izraelskim miastem. Zdecydowali o tym radni | url= https://trojmiasto.wyborcza.pl/trojmiasto/7,35612,32429747,sopot-pierwszy-w-polsce-zerwal-partnerstwo-z-izraelskim-miastem.html | tempus=27-11-2025 | nomen auctoris= Maciej | cognomen auctoris= Pietrzak | domus editoria= wyborcza.pl}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | titulus= הלחץ הפרו-פלסטיני הכריע 30 שנות יחסים: בוטל הסכם &quot;ערים תאומות&quot; בין אשקלון לסופוט | url= https://www.maariv.co.il/news/world/article-1257675 | tempus=01-12-2025 | nomen auctoris= דן | cognomen auctoris= עזרא | domus editoria= מעריב}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | titulus= &quot;בגלל רצח העם בעזה&quot;: עיירת נופש בפולין ביטלה ברית ערים תאומות עם אשקלון | url= https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/r1ucjukbbx | tempus=30-11-2025 | nomen auctoris 1= איתמר | cognomen auctoris 1= אייכנר | domus editoria= ynet | nomen auctoris 2= רוני | cognomen auctoris 2= גרין שאולוב}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | titulus= לאחר 32 שנים: בוטלה שותפות עיר תאומה עם אשקלון בגלל &quot;רצח עם בעזה&quot; | url= https://www.kan-ashkelon.co.il/news/99197 | tempus=30-11-2025 | nomen auctoris= דוד | cognomen auctoris= לוי | domus editoria= כאן חדשות דרום אשקלון}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | titulus= &quot;רצח עם&quot;: העיר באירופה שביטלה הסכם ערים עם אשקלון | url= https://www.i24news.tv/he/news/international/europe/artc-30d542eb | tempus=30-11-2025 | nomen auctoris= מעיין | cognomen auctoris= רפאל | domus editoria= i24}}.&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Vexillum icon|Ucraina}} [[Uman]], [[Regio Circassiensis]], [[Ucraina]] (ab anno [[2010]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus|url=https://uman-rada.gov.ua/index.php/mizhnarodni-zviazky | domus editoria=Уманська міська рада Виконавчий комітет | titulus=Міжнародні зв'язки}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* {{Vexillum icon|India}} [[Vadodara]], [[Guzarata]], [[India]] (ab anno [[2017]])&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus | url = https://www.kan-ashkelon.co.il/municipality/10841 | titulus= אשקלון-בארודה ערים תאומות: ראש הממשלה מברך| domus editoria= כאן דרום אשקלון | nomen auctoris= ג'ני | cognomen auctoris= פרנקל שלום | tempus= 8-12-2017 15:13 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Opus| url= https://www.kan-ashkelon.co.il/news/11526 | titulus= העירייה: כ-2,000 משתתפים בפסטיבל הודו באשקלון | domus editoria= כאן דרום אשקלון| nomen auctoris= אלירם | cognomen auctoris= משה | tempus= 20-12-2017 12:07 }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Nexus interni ==
* [[Ascalon (urbs antiqua)]]
* [[Israël]]

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Ashkelon|Ascalonam}}
{{Fontes geographici}}

[[Categoria:Israel]]
[[Categoria:Urbes antiquae]]
[[Categoria:Urbes Israelis]]</text>
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    <title>Bibliotheca Publica Bostoniensis</title>
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      <text bytes="8391" sha1="spq1uogz4mhealcx44ksbm3zq7y1lzw" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Seal of the Boston Public Library.svg|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Signum|Sigillum]] fiduciariorum Bibliothecae Publicae Bostoniensis, ab [[Augustus Saint-Gaudens|Augusto Saint-Gaudens]] delineatum.]]
[[File:USA-Boston-Public Library5.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Porticus Chavannesianus Aedificii McKimiani, cui sunt [[pictura]]e murales a [[Petrus Puvis de Chavannes|Petro Puvis de Chavannes]] pictae.]]
[[Fasciculus:George Ticknor, by Martin Milmore, Boston Public Library.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Protome]] [[Georgius Ticknor|Georgii Ticknor]], [[professor]]is [[Universitas Harvardiana|Harvardiani]], fiduciarii [[Athenaeum Bostoniense|Athenaei Bostoniensis]], unius e bibliothecae conditoris.]]
[[Fasciculus:Reading Room of the Boston Public Library.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Conclave legendi anno [[1871]] in primo aedificio iuxta viam Boylston, locum bibliothecae inter [[1858]] et [[1895]].]]
[[Fasciculus:USA Boston Public Library 2 MA.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Aedificium McKimianum in Quadrato Copleiano Bostoniae, [[2005]].]]
[[Fasciculus:Boston Public Library Reading Room.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Conclave legendi in Aedificio McKimiano anno [[2013]].]]
'''Bibliotheca Publica Bostoniensis''' est [[bibliotheca publica]] municipalis [[Bostonia]]e in [[urbs|urbe]] [[caput (urbs)|capitali]] [[Massachusetta]]e sita annoque [[1848]] condita.&lt;ref name=&quot;WiegandDavis1994&quot;&gt;Wiegand et Davis 1994: [https://books.google.com/books?id=WR9bsvhc4XMC&amp;pg=PA85 85].&lt;/ref&gt; Quae [[bibliotheca]] etiam est Bibliotheca Rei Publicae Massachusettae,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Massachusetts Board of Library Commissioners Legislative Agenda|url=http://mblc.state.ma.us/mblc/publications/agenda2013/|publisher=Massachusetts Board of Library Commissioners|accessdate=3 Ianuarii 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130914223228/http://mblc.state.ma.us/mblc/publications/agenda2013/|archivedate=14 Septembris 2013}}.&lt;/ref&gt; olim secundum [[lex|legibus]] anni [[1970]] bibliotheca ultimi [[Massachusetta|rei publicae]] refugii.&lt;ref&gt;[[Anglice]] &quot;library of last recourse.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXII/Chapter78/Section19C Massachusetts General Laws, Chapter 78, Section 19C, paragraph 4].&lt;/ref&gt; Omnes rei publicae incolae adultae [[res]] mutuari et investigationes intra [[aedificium|aedificiis]] bibliothecae facere possunt. Quae [[institutio]] [[pecunia]]m a [[Civitatum Foederatarum civitas|re publica]] accepit. Cui sunt 24 milliones fere [[libri|librorum]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=BPL By the Numbers: FY2014|url=http://www.bpl.org/press/files/2014/09/BPLbytheNumbersFY14.pdf|accessdate=15 Octobris 2014|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412085741/http://www.bpl.org/press/files/2014/09/BPLbytheNumbersFY14.pdf|archivedate=12 Aprilis 2015}}.&lt;/ref&gt; et fontium [[electricitas|electronicorum]], quam ob rem ea est tertia a maxima bibliotheca publica in [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatibus Foederatis]], post [[Bibliotheca Congressionalis|Bibliothecam Congressionalem]], receptaculum foederale, et [[Bibliotheca Publica Neoeboracensis|Bibliothecam Publicam Neoeboracensem]], privatim autem possessam. Anno fiscali [[2014]], bibliotheca plus quam 10&amp;thinsp;000 programmatum&lt;!--Sic Anglice (programs), sed quid est programma?--&gt; tenebat, quorum omnia hominibus libera erant, et materiarum 3.7 milliones mutuabatur.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bpl.org/general/about/stats.htm |publisher=Bpl.org |title=BPL - BP by the Numbers |access-date=2014-10-15 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141202125225/http://www.bpl.org/general/about/stats.htm |archivedate=2 Decembris 2014}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Aedificium insignis urbis proprietas&lt;!--?landmark--&gt; anno [[2000]] rite designatum est.

==Pinacotheca==
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;90px&quot;&gt;
Fasciculus:BostonPublicLibrary 1850s.jpg|Aedificium temporarium, via Mason, 1854–1858.
Fasciculus:2350781505 BPL BoylstonSt.jpg|Partes exteriores Aedificii Kirbiani, via Boylston, 1858–1895.
Fasciculus:2351614616 BPL BoylstonSt.jpg|Plutei aulae inferioris, Aedificii Kirbiani, via Boylston, 1858–1895.
Fasciculus:2351614078 BPL BoylstonSt.jpg|Aula superioris (Bates), Aedificii Kirbiani, via Boylston, 1858–1895.
Fasciculus:2350784443 BPL BoylstonSt.jpg|Indicator aulae inferioris, Aedificii Kirbiani, via Boylston, 1858–1895.
Fasciculus:2351613774 BPL BoylstonSt.jpg|Conclave legendi aulae inferioris, Aedificii Kirbiani, via Boylston, 1858–1895.
Fasciculus:BostonPublicLibrary BoylstonSt 1850s.JPG|Caelatura partium exteriorum, Aedificii Kirbiani, via Boylston, annis 1850.
Fasciculus:McKim Building Construction 1889.jpg|Constructio Aedificii McKimiani, 1889
Fasciculus:Courtyard at the Boston Public Library.jpg|Area Aedificii McKimiani, circa 1895.
Fasciculus:Boston Public Library 2015 holiday season.jpg|Facies Aedificii McKimiani in via Dartmuthensi tempore feriarum [[hiems|hiemalium]], Decembri 2015.
Fasciculus:Boston Public Library exterior.jpg|[[Pittacium cursuale]] historicum.
Fasciculus:USA Massachusetts Boston Public-Library.jpg|Aula Bates.
&lt;/gallery&gt;

{{NexInt}}
*[[Bibliotheca Publica Novi Eboraci]]

==Notae==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Bibliographia==
*Allis, Sam. [[2005]]. &quot;Holy Hub's hot spots: Fenway Park and other secular spots that are sacred.&quot; ''Boston Globe,'' 4 Decembris, p. A3. ISSN 0743-1791.
*Boston City Council. [[1858]]. [https://books.google.com/books?id=mMYYAAAAIAAJ ''Proceedings at the dedication of the building for the Public library of the city of Boston,''] 1 Ianuarii 1858.
*Boston Public Library. [[1877]]. ''Annual report.'' [https://books.google.com/books?id=khMbAAAAMAAJ v. 19–23 (1871–1875).] [https://books.google.com/books?id=jkcFAAAAQAAJ v.25] (1877); [https://books.google.com/books?id=MxkbAAAAMAAJ v.36–42] (1887–1893).&lt;!-- Also available via BPL website: [https://web.archive.org/web/20140416180309/http://bostonpl.bibliocommons.com/item/show/194211042_annual_report reports for 1852-1995]--&gt;
*Bostonia. [[1891]]. [https://books.google.com/books?id=LusKAAAAYAAJ ''First Report of the Free Public Library Commission of Massachusetts,''] p. 28+.
*O'Connor, Thomas H. [[1991]]. ''Bibles, brahmins, and bosses: a short history of Boston.'' Ed. 3a. Bostoniae: Trustees of the Public Library of the City of Boston. ISBN 0890730822.
*Seelye, Katharine Q. [[2014]]. [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/08/us/breaking-out-of-the-library-mold-in-boston-and-beyond.html &quot;Breaking Out of the Library Mold, in Boston and Beyond.&quot;] ''The New York Times,'' 7 Martii 2014.
*Whitehill, Walter Muir. [[1956]]. ''Boston Public Library: A Centennial History.'' Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press. [https://www.amazon.com/dp/9995270757 Amazon.com.]
*Wiegand, Wayne A., et Donald G. Davis. [[1994]]. ''Encyclopedia of Library History.'' Novi Eboraci: Taylor &amp; Francis. ISBN 978-0-8240-5787-9.
*Willis, Catherine J. [[2011]]. ''Boston Public Library.'' Images of America series. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 9780738575063, ISBN 0738575062. [https://www.amazon.com/dp/0738575062 Amazon.com.]

==Nexus externi==
{{CommuniaCat|Boston Public Library|Bibliothecam Publicam Bostoniensem}}
*[http://www.libraryhistorybuff.org/boston.htm &quot;A Tribute to the Boston Public Library.&quot;]
*City of Boston. [[2000]]. [https://www.boston.gov/departments/landmarks-commission/landmark-study-reports &quot;Landmarks Commission.&quot;] ''Boston Public Library Study Report.'' https://www.cityofboston.gov/images_documents/Boston%20Public%20Library%20Central%20Branch%20%2399_tcm3-39393.pdf PDF.]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20200729034901/https://www.boston.com/section/news &quot;New library branch opens in East Boston.&quot;] Boston.com, 4 Novembris 2013.
*[https://www.bostonglobe.com/lifestyle/2013/12/03/the-boston-public-library-copley-branch-getting-makeover/ynn4BqHmEZc3Bk9za3OMYJ/story.html &quot;Boston Public Library’s Copley branch getting a makeover.&quot;] ''Boston Globe,'' 3 Decembris 2013.
*Trustees of the Boston Public Library. [[1940]]. [https://books.google.com/books?id=G6JFAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=mayan+girls+chinese&amp;dq=mayan+girls+chinese&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=r6miVeSzPIS9ggTXqICYAw&amp;ved=0CFkQ6AEwCDgU ''More Books: Being the Bulletin of the Boston Public Library.'']

[[Categoria:Aedificia Massachusettae]]
[[Categoria:Bibliotheca Publica Bostoniensis| ]]
&lt;!--Massachusettenses--&gt;
[[Categoria:Constituta 1848]]
&lt;!--
[[Category:American librarianship and human rights]]--&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="8530" sha1="73kkxaf3iwvolsdyu3hmp3mn2vjx6mb" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Unix history-simple.svg|thumb|upright=1.2|alt=A simple flow chart showing the history and timeline of the development of Unix starting with one bubble at the top and 13 tributaries at the bottom of the flow|Simplex systematum [[Unix]] evolutio. [[Junos]], [[PlayStation 3 system software]], aliique furci proprietarii non videntur.]]

'''Berkeley Software Distribution''' ('''BSD''') fuit [[systema internum]] in [[Research Unix]] conditum atque excogitatum distributumque a [[Computer Systems Research Group]] (CSRG) in [[Universitas Californiensis Berkeleiensis|Universitate Californiensi]] [[Berkeleia]]e sita. Hodie, [[nomen proprium|nomen]] ''BSD'' eius progenies [[significatio (linguistica)|significat]], sicut [[FreeBSD]], [[OpenBSD]], [[NetBSD]], et [[DragonFly BSD]], ac systemata quidem in illis progeniebus condita.
[[Fasciculus:BSD wordmark.svg|thumb|upright=0.4|left|[[Logotypus]].]]
[[Fasciculus:VAX 11-780 intero.jpg|thumb|[[VAX|VAX-11/780]], [[minicomputatrum]] usitate in primis systematibus tempus communicantibus BSD adhibitum.]]
[[Fasciculus:4.3 BSD UWisc VAX Emulation Login.png|thumb|alt=Black and white 4.3 BSD UWisc VAX Emulation Login screenshot|4.3 BSD UNIX ex [[Universitas Visconsiniensis|Universitate Visconsiniensi]] circa [[1987]] proprietates ''startup'' et ''login'' systematis exhibet.]]
[[Fasciculus:4.3 BSD UWisc VAX Emulation Lisp Manual.png|thumb|alt=Black and white 4.3 BSD UWisc VAX Emulation Lisp Manual screenshot|4.3 BSD ex [[Universitas Visconsiniensis|Universitate Visconsiniensi]] [[pagina praecipua|paginam praecipuam]]&lt;!--main page--&gt; [[Franz Lisp]] [[lingua programmandi|linguae programmandi]] exhibet.]]
[[Fasciculus:SunOS 4.1.1 P1270750.jpg|thumb|alt=SunOS 4.1.1 P1270750 1/4-inch tape|[[Taeniola]] [[SunOS]] 4.1.1, systematis quod a 4.3BSD deducitur.]]
[[Fasciculus:sony news.jpg|thumb|[[Statio operativa]] societatis [[Sony NEWS]] systema internum [[NEWS-OS]] in BSD conditum operatur.]]

BSD primum '''Berkeley Unix''' appellabatur quia suus codex in [[codex originalis|codice originali]]&lt;!--?source code--&gt; primae generationis [[Unix]] apud [[Bell Labs]] excogitatae conditus est. BSD late a venditoribus [[computatrum|computatralium]] [[statio operaria|stationum operariarum]]&lt;!--?workstation--&gt; [[anni 1980|annis 1980]] ascitum est, plerumque formam habens variationum Unix propriarum sicut [[Ultrix]] societatis [[Digital Equipment Corporation|DEC]] et [[SunOS]] societatis [[Sun Microsystems]] propter eius [[diploma corporis programmatum permissivi|diplomata permissiva]]&lt;!--permissive software license = permissive licensing--&gt; et quia eo familiariter utebantur multi [[ingeniarius|ingeniarii]] conditoresque societatum [[technologia|technologicarum]].

Hae [[res]] derivativae BSD propriae plerumque ab UNIX [[SVR4]] et [[OSF/1]] [[anni 1990|annis 1990]] reponebantur, sed editiones posteriores fundamenta complurium systematum internorum fontibus [[corpus programmatum fontis aperti|apertis]]&lt;!--open-source software = open-source--&gt; praeditorum factae sunt, inter quae [[FreeBSD]], [[OpenBSD]], [[NetBSD]], [[DragonFly BSD]], [[Darwin (systema internum)|Darwin]], et [[TrueOS]]. Quae systemata vicissim a systematibus internis proprietariis adhibebantur, inter quae [[macOS]] societatis [[Apple Inc.|Apple]], et [[iOS]], quae ex eis derivata sunt,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Apple Kernel Programming Guide: BSD Overview|url=https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/Darwin/Conceptual/KernelProgramming/BSD/BSD.html|accessdate=24 Martii 2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ac [[Microsoft Windows]], quod (saltem) partem eius codicis TCP/IP adhibebat, qui usus [[lex|legitimus]] erat, sine autem confessione conveniente&lt;!--?without giving due credit--&gt;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Actually, Windows DOES use some BSD code|url=https://lwn.net/Articles/245805/|accessdate=24 Martii 2018}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Codex ex FreeBSD etiam ad operativum [[montorium|monitorii]] lusorii PlayStation 4 systema creandum adhibebatur.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://doc.dl.playstation.net/doc/ps4-oss/|title=Open Source Software used in PlayStation 4}}.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Progenies systematum BSD==
Aliquot systemata interna in BSD condita sunt, inter quae [[FreeBSD]], [[OpenBSD]], [[NetBSD]], [[MidnightBSD]], [[Darwin (systema internum)|Darwin]], et [[DragonFly BSD]]. Ambo NetBSD et FreeBSD anno [[1993]] excogitata sunt, primum ex [[386BSD]] derivata (re etiam Jolix appellata), et codicem originalem 4.4BSD-Lite anno [[1994]] sibi adsumpserunt. OpenBSD ex NetBSD anno [[1995]], et DragonFly BSD ex FreeBSD anno [[2003]] [[furcus (progressus corporum programmatum)|furcatum est]]&lt;!--?forked--&gt; (ut dicitur). BSD praeterea fundamentis nonnullarum editionum Unix proprietarum profuit, sicut [[SunOS]] societatis [[Sun Microsystems|Sun]], [[DYNIX]] societatis [[Sequent Computer Systems|Sequent]], [[NeXTSTEP]] societatis [[NeXT]], [[Ultrix]] societatis [[Digital Equipment Corporation|DEC]], et OSF/1 AXP (nunc [[Tru64 UNIX]]). NeXTSTEP vicissim fundamenta factum est systematis [[macOS]] societatis [[Apple Inc.]]

{{NexInt}}
{{div col|2}}
*[[Bella Unix]]
*[[Daemon]]
*[[Daemon BSD]]
*[[Diplomata BSD]]
*[[GNU]]&lt;!--
*[[Comparison of BSD operating systems]]
*[[List of BSD operating systems]]--&gt;
*[[Innovatio]]
*[[Mutatio technologica]]
{{div col end}}

==Notae==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Bibliographia==
*Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall K. McKusick, Michael J. Karels, et John S. Quarterman. [[1989]]. ''The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating System.'' Addison Wesley. ISBN 978-0-201-06196-3.
*McKusick, Marshall Kirk. [[1999]]. [http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/opensources/book/kirkmck.html &quot;Twenty Years of Berkeley Unix – From AT&amp;T-Owned to Freely Redistributable.&quot;] In [https://www.oreilly.com/openbook/opensources/book/ ''Open Sources: Voices from the Revolution,''] ed. Chris DiBona, Sam Ockman, et Mark Stone. O'Reilly. ISBN 978-1-56592-582-3.
*McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J. Karels, et John S. Quartermain. [[1996]]. ''The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating System.'' Addison Wesley. ISBN 978-0-201-54979-9.
*McKusick, Marshall Kirk, et George V. Neville-Neil. [[2004]]. ''The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System.'' Addison Wesley. ISBN 978-0-201-70245-3.
*[[Peter H. Salus|Salus, Peter H.]]. [[2008]]. ''The Daemon, the GNU &amp; The Penguin.'' Reed Media Services. ISBN 978-0-9790342-3-7.
*[[Peter H. Salus|Salus, Peter H.]]. [[1994]]. ''A Quarter Century of UNIX.'' Addison Wesley. ISBN 978-0-201-54777-1.
*[[Peter H. Salus|Salus, Peter H.]] [[1995]]. ''Casting the Net.'' Addison-Wesley. ISBN 978-0-201-87674-1.
*Tanenbaum, Andrew S. [[2009]]. ''Moderne Betriebssysteme.'' Pearson. ISBN 978-3-8273-7342-7. 

==Nexus externi==
&lt;!--*{{DMOZ|Computers/Software/Operating_Systems/Unix/BSD/}}--&gt;
*[http://svnweb.freebsd.org/base/head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree?view=co &quot;A timeline of BSD and Research UNIX.&quot;]
*[http://www.levenez.com/unix/ &quot;UNIX History.&quot;] Historia UNIX et BSD diagrammatibus explicata.
*[http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/design-44bsd/ &quot;The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating System.&quot;]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20230212135342/https://minnie.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl &quot;The Unix Tree: Source code and manuals for old versions of Unix.&quot;]
*[http://EuroBSDCon.org/ EuroBSDCon.] Congressus annuus in Europa mense Septembri, Octobri, aut Novembri ex [https://web.archive.org/web/20200620125743/https://www.ukuug.org/events/eurobsdcon2009/history/ anno 2001 praeter 2003 habitus.]
*[http://BSDCan.org/ BSDCan.] Congressus annuus [[Ottava]]e in [[Canada]] ex Maio 2004, sed ex Iunio 2015 habitus.
*[http://AsiaBSDCon.org/ AsiaBSDCon.] Congressus annuus [[Tocium|Tocii]] Martio ex 2007 habitus.
*[http://mdoc.su/ mdoc.su Collectio URL pro FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD, et DragonFly BSD,] web-service [http://nginx.conf.mdoc.su/mdoc.su.nginx.conf scriptum] in [[nginx]].
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20141227091330/http://bxr.su/ BXR.SU ''Super User's BSD Cross Reference.'']&lt;!--userland and kernel source code search engine based on OpenGrok et nginx--&gt;

[[Categoria:C (lingua programmationis)]]&lt;!-- melius: Free software programmed in C--&gt;
[[Categoria:Scripta 1977]]
[[Categoria:Inventiones Civitatum Foederatarum]]
[[Categoria:Libera operationis programmaturae systemata]]
[[Categoria:Systemata operativa]]&lt;!--melius: Operating system families--&gt;
[[Categoria:Universitas Californiensis Berkeleiensis]]&lt;!--
[[Category:Science and technology in the San Francisco Bay Area]]--&gt;
{{Myrias|Technologia}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ariana Grande</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <comment>Corretta grammatica</comment>
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      <text bytes="3444" sha1="nq8i0zc2k9ddfuta5qgl11e3nxtgjc6" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}}
'''Ariana Grande-Butera''' (nata die [[26 Iunii]] [[1993]] [[Boca Raton]] in [[Palm Beach Comitatus|Comitatu Orae palmaris]] [[Florida]]e) cantatrix et histrio [[civitates Foederatae Americae|Americana]] est quae [[praemium Grammy|Praemium grammophonicum]] tulit. Nota facta est partes Catharinae Valentine agens in seriebus ''Victorious'' et ''Sam &amp; Cat'' necnon collectione musica altera ''My Everything''. Pro albo quarto in conclavibus inciso Praemium grammophonicum sibi primum nacta est pro ''Best Pop Vocal Album''.

== Vita ==
Filia familiae, cuius parentes in Status Unitos immigraverant, infantiam in Florida peregit. Familiae radices in [[Sicilia]] et in [[Aprutium|Aprutio]] sunt; ei [[Frater|germanus]] est Franciscus (* 1983), qui etiam actoris munere fungitur. Puella in Theatro palmae parvae pro iuvenibus e scaenis se producebat; nonnullis annis post in Theatro infantili [[Fort Lauderdale]] (FLCT) spectari potuit. Actitans scholam non iam frequentavit et a magistro privato instrui debuit. Inter Octobrem 2014 et Aprilem 2015 cum [[recitatio rapiana|recitatore rapiano]] [[malcolmus Miller|Malcolmo Miller]] vixit, quocum iam anno 2013 pro disco ''The Way'' cooperationes inierat. Mense Maio 2018 autem consuetudo communis terminata est. Mense Iunio 2018 sibi scurronem Americanum [[Petrus Davidson|Petrum Davidson]] sponsavit; amicitia haec rupta est mense Octobri 2018. Mense Maio 2020 publice [[Dalton Gomez]] bonorum immobiliorum mercator ei attributus est.

== Cursus honorum histricorum{{Dubsig}} ==
[[Fasciculus:Ariana Grande interview 2016.png|thumb|Ariana Grande anno 2016 picta.]]
Anno 2008 ad scaenas Broadway [[Manhata]]e in [[phantasticum poëma musicum|phantastico poëmate musico]] ''13'' partes Carlottae egit, quod praemio nationali iuvenili &quot;National Youth Theatre Association Award&quot; honoratum est. Ibidem actricem Elisabetham Gillies cognovit et Mariae partes in prima versione phantastici poëmatis musici ''Cuba Libre'' obtinuit. Ut alii histrionis seriei ''Victorious'' in pellicula ''iCarly'' fuit. Etiam in pelliculis musicis brevissimis spectari potuit (e.g. in ''Freak the Freak Out'', ''Beggin’ on Your Knees'', ''All I Want Is Everything'' [[Victoriae Justice]]). In versio synchroizata ''Winx Club'' principissae Diaspro vocem suam dedit. Anno 2012 cum Jennette McCurdy, Noah Munck et Ciara Bravo in pellicula ''The great swindle'' actitavit et cum Charlene Tilton et Neil Patrick Harris in versione scaenica [[albanix|Albanivis]]. In altera serie autem post querelas mense Iulio 2014 artem histricam ad tempus deseruit.

== Discus ==

=== Collectiones ===
* ''[[Yours Truly]]'' (2013.)
* ''[[My Everything]] (''2014.)
* ''[[Dangerous Woman]]'' (2016.)
* [[Sweetener (album)|''Sweetener'']] (2018.)
* ''[[Thank U, Next (album)|Thank U, Next]]'' (2019.)
*''[[Positions]]'' (2020.)
*''Eternal Sunshine'' (2024.)

=== Lustrationes ===
* The Listening Sessions (2013)
* The Honeymoon Tour (2015)
* Dangerous Woman Tour (2017)
* The Sweetener Sessions (2018)
* Sweetener World Tour (2019)

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Ariana Grande|Arianam Grande}}
* {{Imdb name|3812858|Hadriana Grande}}
* [https://www.discogs.com/artist/3310737-Ariana-Grande De Grande in elencho musico internationali]
* [https://www.arianagrande.com Situs proprius]

{{Lifetime|1993||Grande, Hadriana}}

[[Categoria:Actores Civitatum Foederatarum]]
[[Categoria:Musici Civitatum Foederatarum]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Astrocytus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <id>2059</id>
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      <text bytes="2575" sha1="jearmf128rzpk013k83y0y3qssqou88" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Astrocyte.jpg|thumb|Astrocytus viridi colore auctus.]]
'''Astrocyti''' sunt genus [[Cellula glialis|cellularum glialium]] in [[Systema nervosum centrale|systemate nervoso centrali]], ob formam stellae similem ita nominati (Graece ἀστήρ). In cerebro ceteras cellulas gliales numero superant. Talibus officiis fungi creduntur&lt;ref&gt;Sherwood, Klandorf, Yancey, ''Animal physiologyː from Genes to Organisms'', 2013ː 5.3. Interpretatio Francogallicaː De Boeck, 2016 pp.167-8. &lt;/ref&gt;ː
* Velut viscum structuram sustinent et intervalla inter [[Neuron|neura]] servant.
*In [[Fetus|fetu]] neura nascentia ad iustum locum ducunt.
* Nutrimenta a sanguine ad neurona transferunt et parvam quantitatem [[Glycogenum|glycogeni]] condunt.
* [[Capillare|Capillaria]] in cerebro ita moderantur ut impermeabile [[Saeptum inter sanguinem et encephalum|saeptum inter sanguinem et encephalum]] fiat.
*Vulnera sarciunt et [[Cicatrix|cicatrices]] ducunt.
* Nonnullos [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissores]] sorbent ([[Glutamatum|glutamatum]] et [[acidum γ-aminobutyricum]]), eorum actioni terminum imponentes.
* Sorbent quoque supervacanea [[Ion|ionta]] K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; in liquido encephalico, quorum si modum excessit numerus causa [[Epilepsia|epilepsiae]] fit. 
* [[Synapsis chemica|Synapses]]  neuronum moderantur, sive filamenta inter neura adiacentia protrudentes retrahentesque sive per signa chemica.
* Iunctiones cavae (Anglice ''gap junctions'') inter neura et astrocytos inventae sunt quae communicationem chemicam permittunt. Ipsi astrocyti nonnumquam neurotransmissores quosdam in spatium extracellulare emittunt. [[Proteinum]] [[thrombospondinum]] emittunt quo neura ad novas synapses connectendas incitant, quod ad memoriam et discendi facultatem pertinere creditur&lt;ref&gt;Karen S. Christopherson, Erik M. Ullian, Caleb C.A. Stokes, Christine E. Mullowney, Johannes W. Hell, Azin Agah, Jack Lawler, Deane F. Mosher, Paul Bornstein et Ben A. Barres, «[https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(04)01245-0 Thrombospondins Are Astrocyte-Secreted Proteins that Promote CNS Synaptogenesis] », ''Cell'', 2005ː 421-433&lt;/ref&gt;.

Astrocyti senescentes aut alia quadam de causa debiles ad [[Neurodegeneratio|neurodegenerativos morbos]] multum conferunt.
== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;
== Plura legere si cupis ==
*Barbara Di Benedetto, ''Astrocytes : methods and protocols'', Humana Press, 2019.
== Nexus externi ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20220102144556/https://www.verywellhealth.com/astrocytes-anatomy-4774354 The Anatomy of astrocytes]
[[Categoria:Cellulae gliales]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>3964252</id>
      <parentid>3964250</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T14:33:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
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      <text bytes="2658" sha1="hfy8qybehkig7hcvrk912wf3x52y2jc" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Astrocyte.jpg|thumb|Astrocytus viridi colore auctus.]]
'''Astrocyti''' sunt genus [[Cellula glialis|cellularum glialium]] in [[Systema nervosum centrale|systemate nervoso centrali]], ob formam stellae similem ita nominati (Graece ἀστήρ). In cerebro ceteras cellulas gliales numero superant. Talibus officiis fungi creduntur&lt;ref&gt;Sherwood, Klandorf, Yancey, ''Animal physiologyː from Genes to Organisms'', 2013ː 5.3. Interpretatio Francogallicaː De Boeck, 2016 pp.167-8. &lt;/ref&gt;ː
* Velut viscum structuram sustinent et intervalla inter [[Neuron|neura]] servant.
*In [[Fetus|fetu]] neura nascentia ad iustum locum ducunt.
* Nutrimenta a sanguine ad neurona transferunt et parvam quantitatem [[Glycogenum|glycogeni]] condunt.
* [[Capillare|Capillaria]] in cerebro ita moderantur ut impermeabile [[Saeptum inter sanguinem et encephalum|saeptum inter sanguinem et encephalum]] fiat.
*Vulnera sarciunt et [[Cicatrix|cicatrices]] ducunt.
* Nonnullos [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissores]] sorbent ([[Glutamatum|glutamatum]] et [[acidum γ-aminobutyricum]]), eorum actioni terminum imponentes.
* Sorbent quoque supervacanea [[Ion|ionta]] K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; in liquido encephalico, quorum si modum excessit numerus causa [[Epilepsia|epilepsiae]] fit. 
* [[Synapsis chemica|Synapses]]  neuronum moderantur, sive filamenta inter neura adiacentia protrudentes retrahentesque sive per signa chemica.
* Iunctiones cavae (Anglice ''gap junctions'') inter neura et astrocytos inventae sunt quae communicationem chemicam permittunt. Ipsi astrocyti nonnumquam neurotransmissores quosdam in spatium extracellulare emittunt. [[Proteinum]] [[thrombospondinum]] emittunt quo neura ad novas synapses connectendas incitant, quod ad memoriam et discendi facultatem pertinere creditur&lt;ref&gt;Karen S. Christopherson, Erik M. Ullian, Caleb C.A. Stokes, Christine E. Mullowney, Johannes W. Hell, Azin Agah, Jack Lawler, Deane F. Mosher, Paul Bornstein et Ben A. Barres, «[https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(04)01245-0 Thrombospondins Are Astrocyte-Secreted Proteins that Promote CNS Synaptogenesis] », ''Cell'', 2005ː 421-433&lt;/ref&gt;.

Astrocyti senescentes aut alia quadam de causa debiles ad [[Neurodegeneratio|neurodegenerativos morbos]] multum conferunt.
== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;
== Plura legere si cupis ==
*Barbara Di Benedetto, ''Astrocytes : methods and protocols'', Humana Press, 2019.
== Nexus externi ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20220102144556/https://www.verywellhealth.com/astrocytes-anatomy-4774354 The Anatomy of astrocytes]
[[Categoria:Cellulae gliales]]
*[https://www.aquaportail.com/dictionnaire/definition/11239/astrocyte Aquaportail]</text>
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    <title>Oligodendrocytus</title>
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'''Oligodendrocyti''' sunt genus [[Cellula glialis|cellularum glialium]] in [[Systema nervosum centrale|systemate nervoso centrali]]. Verba Graeca e quibus nomen eorum compositum est &quot;cellulas paucorum ramorum (verbatimː arborum)&quot; Latine interpretari possis. Eadem vice in systemate nervoso centrali funguntur atque [[Cellula Schwannensis|cellulae Schwannenses]] in systemate nervoso periphericoː vagina [[Myelinum|myelini]] [[Axon|axones]] circumdant. Non eodem modo tamenː nam non ipsi oligodenrocyti [[Axon|axonibus]] sese circumvolvunt sed pseudopedes protrudunt qui sese circa partem axonum volvunt. Ita superstratae [[Membrana cellulae|membranae lipideae]] axonem [[Electricitas|electrice]] dissociant et fluxum [[Ion|iontium]] trans membranam axonalem cohibent. Quo facto celerius signa electrica longitudinem axonum percurrunt&lt;ref&gt;Sherwood, Klandorf, Yancey, ''Animal physiologyː from Genes to Organisms'', 2013ː 5.3. Interpretatio Francogallicaː De Boeck, 2016 pp.168-9. &lt;/ref&gt;. Pseudopodes unius oligodendrocyti ad plures axones tendunt et unus axon a pluribus oligodendrocytis per intervalla circumvolvitur.

Oligodendrocyti axonibus sectis aut vulneratis  opem non ferunt (in quo a cellulis Schwannensibus multum differunt)ː quocirca neurones systematis nervosi centralis semel laesi plerumque pereunt nec restitui possunt&lt;ref&gt;Marieb et Hoehn, ''Anatomie et physiologie humaines'', Pearson, 2019 (11a editio)ː 13.3.2.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Plura legere si cupis ==
*''The biology of oligodendrocytes'', curantibus Patricia J. Armati et Emily K. Mathey. Cambridge University Press, 2010 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=qcotBkgDqD0C&amp;pg=PA85&amp;hl=fr&amp;source=gbs_selected_pages&amp;cad=2#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum]
*Monika Bradl et Hans Lassmann, &quot;[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2799635/ Oligodendrocytes: biology and pathology]&quot;, ''Acta Neuropathologica'', 2010ː 37-53. 
*''Oligodendrocyte : methods and protocols'', curantibus David A. Lyons et Linde Kegel. Humana Press, 2019.
== Nexus externi ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20220102144047/https://fr.sawakinome.com/articles/biology-science-nature/difference-between-oligodendrocytes-and-schwann-cells.html Différence entre les oligodendrocytes et les cellules de Schwann]
*[https://www.aquaportail.com/dictionnaire/definition/14764/oligodendrocyte Aquaportail]
[[Categoria:Cellulae gliales]]</text>
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    <title>Iacobus Heckman</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-10T12:47:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IacobusAmor</username>
        <id>1163</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
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      <text bytes="958" sha1="t3rpgecc709y0mk8ln00le6xxm7f00o" xml:space="preserve">'''Iacobus Iosephus Heckman''' (natus [[19 Aprilis]] [[1944]]) est [[oeconomica|oeconomus]] [[CFA|Americanus]] qui [[macrooeconomia]]e et oeconometriae peritus et anno [[2000]], [[Praemium Nobelianum oeconomicarum scientiarum]] cum [[Daniel McFadden]] accepit, ratione studii theoriae et methodi pro [[analysis|analysi]] exemplariorum selectivorum.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2000/heckman/facts/ De iacobo Heckman] nobelprize.org&lt;/ref&gt;

Alumnus [[Universitas Princetoniensis|Universitatis Princetoniensis]] fuit deinde professor [[Universitas Chicaginiensis|Universitatis Chacaginiensis]] factus est.

== Notae ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|James Heckman|Iacobum Heckman}}

[[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Princetoniensis]]
[[Categoria:Homines vivi]]
[[Categoria:Oeconomi Civitatum Foederatarum]]
[[Categoria:Praemia Nobeliana]]
[[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Chicagoensis]]
[[Categoria:nati 1944]]</text>
      <sha1>t3rpgecc709y0mk8ln00le6xxm7f00o</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Vicipaedia:Taberna</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>3964227</id>
      <parentid>3964158</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T13:39:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Andrew Dalby</username>
        <id>1084</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet? */</comment>
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      <text bytes="34924" sha1="j3svlzri9wycmbl94iqx1qvzh9vz1w9" xml:space="preserve">{{/Praefatio}}

== De paginis nimis magnis quae formulā {{[[Formula:Augenda|Augenda]]}} utuntur ==
In [[:Categoria:Corrigenda|Categoriam:Corrigenda]] plures subcategoriae formulā {{Fn|Augenda}} stipantur (e.g. [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Februario 2023]], [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Ianuario 2024]], [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Decembri 2025]], et cetera). Inspiciens, multas harum paginarum invenii quae longiores sunt 1000 octobitis (e.g. [[Graecia archaica]]: 2928 octobiti). Quid censeatis si mechanema cum monitu in formulam {{Fn|Augenda}} inseram, ne in paginis longioribus quam 1000 octobitorum adhibeatur? Nam si pagina est satis longa, vanum est legentes monere paginam intra tres menses esse augendam. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:30, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:Pagina de [[Graecia archaica]] (#1) lemmate proprio, (#2) definitione idonea, et (#3) fonte externo caret, et omnis Vicipadia ut videtur (#4) nexibus ad hanc paginam ducentibus caret. That's all four of the formula's four criteria. ¶ For the difference between a stub and more-than-a-stub, the cutoff I've been using has been 2,000 octeti for general articles and 1,900 for articles with a taxobox. I don't recall a consensus on that limit, but articles having 4,000, 5,000, 6,000 octeti have been marked &quot;stipula&quot;; that's likely too high a limit, and I'd suggest that 2,000 (or possibly your 1,000) is a more defensible upper limit for stubs. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 03:15, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::For example, just today, someone added &quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{urbs-stipula}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot; to the article on [[Barcino]], which already had more than 3,500 octeti! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:04, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::: ''Stipulae'' are not problematic from an administrative point of view, because in theory they can remain as such forever. Barcellona is an important city with a lot of history that can be written in an encyclopedia, it can be understandable if someone feels that the current page can be greatly improved. Instead, what scares me about the {{Fn|Augenda}} template is that it is not only an invitation to improve pages, it also asks us to delete pages after three months (which is why it should be used with care). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 15:57, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::::Then why not change the verb from ''will'' to ''may'' or introduce some other indication of indeterminacy? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:31, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC) 
:: [[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobus]], we can set any limit we want, but what I think makes little sense is saying that a page must be increased within three months, but then after three months nothing happens and the categories above keep growing. We must set a realistic (relatively low) threshold and then, after that, be ready to '''delete''' the pages that do not respect our threshold (in [[Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium 35#De novo spatio nominali adumbrationum proponendo|another thread]] I had proposed the &lt;code&gt;adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace where after three months all these “augenda” pages can be moved, but that is a separate topic). A page like [[Graecia archaica]] only needs relatively little work to be adjusted—certainly does not deserve to be deleted. What I want to stress here is that every time you add {{Fn|Augenda}} to a page you are basically saying “If the page stays like this, I am okay if after three months it gets deleted”. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 03:58, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::That's correct, but I heartily endorse a separate namespace, a kind of purgatory, where such pages can go until they've become worthy of standing in the mainspace. As a rule, I don't work on formulas, so I likely had nothing to do with the wording of this one, but three months must have been the original consensus. If memory serves, @Andrew Dalby and perhaps others have occasionally enforced the three-month rule, though sometimes after well more than three months have elapsed. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:08, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::: Intellego. Novum spatium nominale a “Phabricatore” petiturus sum. Quid censeres si in paginis amplioribus (e.g. inter 2000 et 1000) formulā {{Fn|Nondum stipula}} (quae nullam categoriam cum tempore praefinito imponit) pro formulā {{Fn|Augenda}} utereris? Aut aliam novam formulam quoque nobis excogitare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:57, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
::::: {{Tpe|Nova}} Hic nuper petivi ut novum spatium nominale adumbrationum crearetur: [[phab:T418706|New “Draft” namespace for lawiki: “Adumbratio”]]. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:01, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:::::: {{Tpe|Novissima}} Euax! Spatium nominale adumbrationum [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|habemus]]! Textus paginae [[MediaWiki:Noarticletext]] nobis sic mutandus est ut adumbrationes, si exsistunt, detegantur. Postea aliquid excogitabo. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:34, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC)
@[[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobe]]: What would you think if we created a &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; template, and established that when we find a page that was created more than three months ago (e.g. [[Agrinium]], created in 2004!), instead of {{Fn|Augenda}} we add the new template instead? The &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; template could look more or less like this:

{{Capsa annuntiationis
	| color = #7f83d7
	| pigmentum = #f3f4fb
	| imago = P writing.svg
	| 1 =

'''Commentationem neglectam augeamus!'''

Haec commentatio longe neglecta videtur mansa esse. Sodes, adiuva paginam augere!

}}

We can then have [[:Categoria:Paginae neglectae]], where all these pages will be automatically collected. I am proposing this because I think that it makes little sense to warn that a page that was created 22 years ago must be improved within three months! It will be an empty warning. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 08:40, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:That might be useful. How would it differ from the Adumbratio solution? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:01, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:: Following [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio|the rules]] that I partly translated from English Wikipedia, we must not move pages that were created long ago to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace. So the picture should look as follows:
::* '''Case 1:''' The page is is too short and was recently created. We have three possibilities:
::*# We improve it (prefereable solution)
::*# We move it to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace (less prefereable than improving the page but more prefearable than the following)
::*# We add {{Fn|Augenda}} (less prefereable)
::*#: ↳ If three months after adding {{Fn|Augenda}} nothing has changed we delete the page for real
::* '''Case 2:''' The page is too short and was created more than three months ago. Two possibilities:
::*# We improve it (prefereable solution)
::*# We have no other choice but adding &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::*#: ↳ We must take into account that the page might stay like that indefinitely
::* '''Case 3:''' The page was in the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace and was moved to the main namespace prematurely:
::*# We add {{Fn|Augenda}}
::*#: ↳ If after three months nothing has changed we delete the page for real
:: The rationale is that pages that are too old might no longer have someone that checks them and is able to fulfill our expectations. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 12:42, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)

== De novo spatio adumbrationum ==
{{Collaboratio|Alex1011|Alexander Gerashchenko|Amahoney|Andreas Raether|Andrew Dalby|Aylin|Bartholomite|Bis-Taurinus|Demetrius Talpa|Giorno2|IacobusAmor|Ioscius|Iustinus|Lesgles|LilyKitty|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Neander|Pippobuono|Rafaelgarcia|Sigur|Utilo|UV|Xaverius
	| alacres = IacobusAmor
	| alacritas = mensis
	| res = Magistratūs usoresque strenuos vocavi. Veniam peto si alicuius oblitus sum.
	| subscriptio = [[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:43, 3 Martii 2026 (UTC)
}}

Nuper novum spatium nominale &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; condidimus. Nunc oportet regulas nostras definire. Apud [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] paginam Anglicam [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts]] partim verti, sed de nostra propria ratione consentiendum est.

Notandum est Vicipaediam Anglicam [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts#Reasons not to move an article to draftspace|regulam habere]] qua vetatur paginam in spatio principali sitam in spatium adumbrationum movere “si commentatio ante plus quam 90 dies creata est”. Re quidem vera, nuper paginam [[Alkinum]] ad [[Adumbratio:Alkinum]] movi (praesertim ad lineamenta technica novi spatii nominalis experienda), attamen mihi visum est parum rectum paginam anno 2006 creatam (et [[Vicipaedia:Paginae quas omnibus Vicipaediis contineri oportet/Expansio#Materies chemicales|quam omnibus Vicipaediis contineri oportet]]!) ibi movere.

Quo facto suasus sum ut nobis vetandum sit formulam {{Fn|Augenda}} paginis ante plus quam tres menses creatis addere. Nam, si pagina nimis brevis olim creata est et usque talis mansit, si nos eam negleximus nec animadvertimus nisi nunc, meā sententiā duae optiones tantum nobis patent: aut eam relinquimus intactam, aut formulam {{Fn|Delenda}} apponimus.

Ceterum, a vobis peto ut paginam [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] inspiciatis, novas regulas proponatis, aut regulas a me scriptas emendetis.

Valete! --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:43, 3 Martii 2026 (UTC)

==De loco vel gradu Vicipaediae apud Meta==
Does moving articles counted among the 10,000 most important (like 
&quot;[[Alkinum]]&quot; &amp; &quot;[[Oxidum]]&quot;) into the limbo marked by &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Adumbratio}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; and/or &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Neglecta}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; lower Vicipaedia's score at Meta? (Vide [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias_by_expanded_sample_of_articles|&quot;List of Wikipedias by expanded sample of articles&quot;].) In other words, do they need to remain in the mainspace to boost Vicipaedia's score? ¶ Ten years ago, in March 2016, Vicipaedia was ranked thirty-ninth among all the wikis; at the end of last month, it was ranked fifty-second. This is not an encouraging trend, and deliberately accelerating it might not be considered advisable. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:52, 12 Martii 2026 (UTC)
: Hi Iacobus. Moving pages to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace definitely counts as removing them from the encyclopedia. Adding {{Fn|Pagina neglecta}} (or any other template) instead has no effects. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:09, 12 Martii 2026 (UTC)
::&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ping|IacobusAmor}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;, is there a page that specifies the number of articles from this list that we have? -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:47, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::{{ping|IacobusAmor}}, idk why my previous ping got wrapped by nowiki. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:48, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::Ecce (but it needs to be updated): https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usor:Amahoney/Myrias_epitome [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:04, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::So, as Grufo says, moving one of the &quot;10,000&quot; pages into Adumbratio space removes it from the encyclopedia and from the score that Iacobus mentions. In the case of a page in that list, maybe it's better for it to be in mainspace, with a warning template (''neglecta/augenda/...'') on it? If it's in mainspace, more editors might see it and be tempted to improve it. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:29, 14 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::: Hi Andrew. Indeed. When I created the page [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] by (partially) translating [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts]], I also translated the rule that a page can be moved away from the mainspace to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace only if it is a newly created page (&lt; 90 days). So pages that have long been among our 10000 pages are safe. P.S. The rules in [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] still need our consensus, so if you have time, please give that page a look. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:58, 14 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Template:Weather box ==
{{Excepta|Vicipaedia:Officina|Template:Weather box|Locus opportunior --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}}

== Quid significat expectatio vacuae mutationis? ==

Dicitur in pagina [[Topologia classium punctorum]] quod &quot;Haec pagina mutationem vacuam expectat&quot;. Et rogat me, &quot;nihil tangens&quot;, sibi ostendere mutationes.

Ad quem dirigitur haec monitio, et quas mutationes oportet eum sibi ostendere? Non intelligo. [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 04:29, 19 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

: Salve, [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]. Illa icon significat vicitextum &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatium topologicum|spatia topologica|en|qid=Q179899}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; ad hunc vicitextum, si paginam emendas, sponte mutatum iri: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;[[Spatium topologicum|spatia topologica]]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; (vide [[Special:Diff/3954206/3955454|meam ultimam recensionem]] et documentationem formulae {{fsn|pcc}}), quoniam nunc [[Spatium topologicum|paginam]] habemus quae cum entitate Vicidatorum [[:d:Q179899]] nectitur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 04:44, 19 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::Gratias habeo—mirum tamen mihi videtur, quod substitutio &quot;cref&quot; tantum unam tesseram (siquidem recte lexi) sumat ut argumentum. Quomodo ergo facio, si notam duos habeat nexus ad paginas creatas?--[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:29, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::: Immo, infinitatem tesserarum formula {{fsn|cref}} accipit. Vide, exempli gratia, hanc annotationem in pagina “[[Carpates]]”, ubi sunt ambae entitates [[:d:Q6776713]] et [[:d:Q11699202]]:
:::: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{safesubst:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|1={{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Martinus Szent-Ivany|Martini Szent-Ivany|hu|qid=Q6776713}} [...] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Gabriel Rzaczynski|Gabrielis Rzączyński|pl|qid=Q11699202}} [...]|2=Q6776713|3=Q11699202}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: Vide etiam {{Caput|Formula:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|Quomodo tesseram invenio?}}. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:43, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Annon corrigere possumus titulos &quot;instrumentorum&quot;? ==

Exempli gratia: video unum &quot;instrumentum&quot; appellari &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. Videtur mihi hic titulus mendam habere et corrigi posse accentus acutus ad macron. Sed nescio utrum corrigibilis sit ab usoribus. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:47, 24 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
: Salve [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]. Usoribus non licet [[Specialis:Nuntia systematis|nuntia systematis]] recensere (vide etiam &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[{{fullurl:Special:Allpages|namespace=8}} spatium “&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:&lt;/code&gt;”]&lt;/span&gt;), sed usores possunt a magistratibus petere ut nuntia recenseant (et multa nuntia exstant quae meliora facere aut etiam omnino vertere oportet!). Non invenio ubi “Paginam prehendere formá PDF” iaceat; fortasse @[[Usor:UV|UV]] adiuvare potest. P.S. “accentus acutus” revera est [[Apex (orthographia Latina)|apex]], forma antiquior [[macron|macri]]; attamen concordo uniformia signa diacritica nobis esse sequenda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:42, 24 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::Non potest prehendere paginas disputationum formā PDF. Sed paginas encyclopediae possumus; e.g. [[Macron]]. At ibi apparet &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 02:04, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::: Nexum video, sed quid nuntium gignat non invenio. Exempli gratia, [[MediaWiki:Contributions|haec pagina]] nuntium “User contributions” ad nuntium Latinum “Conlationes usoris” vertit; sed quid vertit “Download PDF” ad “Paginam prehendere formá PDF”? Nescio. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:44, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::Ignosce inclaritatem meam—sed prime (ut ita dicam) &quot;Instrumenta&quot; et videbis instrumentorum titulos. Titulus primus (ut mihi ostenduntur) est &quot;Movere&quot;; titulus novissimus est &quot;Res Wikidata&quot;; et unus titulorum est &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:46, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::: @[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]: Ut dixi, oculis meis textum video, sed ignoro e qua pagina aut e quo nuntio systematis oriatur. Nequeo textum corrigere si nescio quid mihi sit emendandum. Conatus sum aliqua similia nuntia vertere ([[MediaWiki:Wikisource-download-pdf|#1]], [[MediaWiki:Minerva-download|#2]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-print-text|#3]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-download-label|#4]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-special-page-headline|#5]]), sed nuntium quod quaeris non inveni. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:54, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::bzgrep utebar perlegere totam Vicipaediam Latinam; non tamen inveni.  Mirum! --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:25, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::: @[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]: Potesne, quaeso, etiam situm https://translatewiki.net/ per “bzgrep” inspicere? Etiam illic non inveni textum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:28, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::[https://translatewiki.net/wiki/MediaWiki:Coll-download_as/la Fontem] inveni huius textus, non autem bzgrep utens. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:12, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::: Gratias tibi ago. Correxi. Post paucos dies abhinc nova translatio etiam in Vicipaedia Latina ostendetur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:34, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Fortasse nostis [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki?uselang=qqx hunc nexum] per quem tandem inveni. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:37, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Regula generalis de intellegentia artificiali ==
[[:meta:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|Apud MetaVici disputatur]] utrum regula generalis de intellegentiae artificialis usu introducenda sit necne. Quum etiam nos tanget, vos hortor ut sententias vestras feratis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:42, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

:Non penitus intelligo quomodo nos tangeat. Annon iam habemus regulam de plasmatibus (ut ita dicam) linguarum? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:50, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:: Regulae globales omnes Vicipaedias afficiunt, atque illa regula proponitur globalis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:56, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::Gratias habeo; nonne autem, si Vicipaedia Latina haberet regulam, supersedeat regulam generalem? Et simili modo respectu aliarum Vicipaediarum? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:01, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::: Non sum certus, sed timeo ne regulae globales vincant. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:05, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::Ita; intelligo. Scisne utrum restrictionem an laxationem habeat favorem iuris? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:12, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::: Apud Vicipaediam Latinam nulla est regula scripta; paginae tamen quae omnino intellegentiā artificiali sine ulla humana recensione vertuntur pittacio {{Fn|Pagina autotranslata}} signantur atque post unam hebdomadam delentur. Prima regula globalis proposita mihi videtur hoc tantum postulare, ut, ''praeter translationes'', usus intellegentiae artificialis aperte declaretur. Altera autem regula globalis vetat intellegentiā artificiali ūtī ''nisi in translationibus''. Meā sententiā, hoc nobis incommodum contrarium efficit, quia hic magnopere laboramus ad translationes machinarias moderandas; alii autem usūs intellegentiae artificialis nobis non sunt incommodo. Non puto magni rēferre usum ipsum declarare, sed potius oportere responsa intellegentiae artificialis diligenter inspicere ac recensere. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:45, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Quomodo melius invenire titula proposita pro articulo nondum existente? ==

Volui creare articulum pro &quot;poset&quot; (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q474715).

Scio, quod est formula &quot;subst:pcc&quot; alicubi in hac Vicipaedia per quam statuitur titulum huius articuli. Sed nescio, et &quot;bzgrep&quot; iterum inutilis est.

Estne methodus inventionis talium &quot;titulorum articulorum nondum existentium&quot;? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 04:47, 30 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

: Formula {{fsn|pcc}} nescit quod nomen Latinum novae paginae (“nexui rubro”) assignandum sit, istud erit tibi eligendum. Ad formulam adhibendam tibi sufficiet titulum Latinum et linguā aliā scribere. E.g.:
:: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{subst:pcc|en=Partially ordered set|Aggregatio partim ordinata}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: ↳ {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}
: Aut, si vis, potes autem tesseram Vicidatorum praebere:
:: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{subst:pcc|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: ↳ {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}
: Non exstat ullus index paginarum creandarum. Nomina inveniuntur simul ac paginae creantur. Attamen, si quis paginam “Aggregatio partim ordinat'''issima'''” postea creet at ad [[:d:Q474715]] eam nectat, pagina ubi nexus ruber “Aggregatio partim ordinata” ostendebatur nunc ad paginam “Aggregatio partim ordinatissima” nectetur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 06:13, 30 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Quomodo citare librum, quod numerum librarium uniformem inter gentes caret? ==

[[Cancellum (mathematica)|Hac pagina]] conor citare librum quoddam, sed caret ISBN/NLUIG. Habet tamen numerum Catalogii Librarii Congressus (LCCN), sed nescio quomodo hanc numerum affigere rei citatae.

Multas habeo gratias pro auxilio vestro! --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 02:09, 18 Maii 2026 (UTC)

== Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet? ==
Salvete omnes! Hic scribo nec in [[Disputatio:Natio|pagina disputationis]] quod hoc verbum in multis commentariis est. Secundum [https://archive.org/details/practicalint00arno/page/41/mode/1up librum Arnoldi] “Natio is rarely used of a civilised and organised nation ; it means a people, or tribe, sprung from one race, of the same blood (nascor).” Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary Latin-English English-Latin” natio significat “a tribe, race, people, esp. uncivilized”, et verbum Anglicum nation significat “populus, gens (=people, stock), civitas (=body of citizens), respublica (=state), natio (=tribe, not highly civilized)”. Liber Arnoldi quoque monet ut iis vocabulis Latinis utamur. Commentarius [[Natio|natio]] illud Ciceronis habet: “Omnēs nātiōnēs servitūtem ferre possunt, nostra cīvitās nōn potest; …” in quo orator optimus populum Romanum a nationibus distinguet. Quid vobis videtur de hac re? Valete! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 20:58, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)

:Haec &quot;natio&quot; a primis temporibus Vicipaediae originem obscuram ducit, mihi non placet, sed permulta corrigenda sunt, si eam mutare volumus. Civitas (de civibus), civitas sui iuris? [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 22:09, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:: Aut etiam possibile est dicere, etiam secundum linguas recentiores, ipsam notionem “nationis” quodammodo “civitati” adversari. Id est, sunt qui putent, etiam linguis hodiernis, “nationem” (Anglice ''nation'', Italice ''nazione'', et cetera) semper aliquid minus civile quam “civitatem” (Anglice ''state'', Italice ''Stato'', et cetera), immo vero tribale, significare. Cum hoc tamen concordo, paginam illam nimis veterem esse atque redintegrandam. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:41, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::Melius est quaedam omittere quam nihil corrigere. Video nos habere commentarios qui vocantur [[Civitas]] (Ang. [[w:en:State (polity)]]), [[Gens]] (Ang. [[w:en:Gens]], nescio cur hic commentarius Latine non sit solis de gentibus Romanis), [[Populus]] (Ang. [[w:en:People]]), [[Res publica]] (Ang. [[w:en:Republic]]), et [[Tribus (anthropologia)]] ([[w:en:Tribe]]). Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary”, tribus significat”originally a third part if the Roman people. Hence a tribe, a division of the Roman people …”. Hoc dictionarium monet ut verbo “natio” vel verbo “gens” utamur si scribere “tribe” velimus nec de tribubus Romanis scribamus. Vero non possum novum nomen commentarii [[Natio]] commendare quod nescio cur vikipedia tot commentarios habeat. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 14:38, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
::::Pagina non est delenda, si hoc consulis. &quot;Natio&quot; [http://lexica.linguax.com/forc2.php?searchedLG=natio verbum est Latinum], cur id ne explicemus. Si nexum intervicialem ad paginam Anglicam male congruere putas, ita est, non perfectissime congruit. Sed cum de notionibus abstractis agitur, nexus interviciales saepius tales sunt. Hoc malum in Vicipaediα inevitabile est et hoc non est malum, si res explicatur. Paginae ipsius loca quaedam corrigenda est, Ciceronis interpretatio mutanda, et, quod maxime interest, inter [[Specialis:Nexus_ad_paginam/Natio|nexus ad eam]] hi multi corrigendi sunt, ubi &quot;natio&quot; in modum Anglicum civitatem sui iuris significat. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 18:22, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::Pagina scilicet delenda non est. Vidi paginas in Vikipedia Hebraica et Ucrainica ad paginam Anglicam bene congruere nec nostram paginam. Natio est verbum Latinum, cuius sensu Latino uti debemus, nec sensi Anglico. Delere nolo sed mutare et fortasse movere. Eo consilio hunc sermonem coepi ut sensibus Latinis verborum uteremur. Vero nescio cur Vikipedia Anglica tot paginas habeat et quid sit discrimen inter “nation” et “state”, propter quod non possum verbum meliorum commendare. Potestne pagina Anglica nostrae paginae [[Natio]] esse [[w:en:Tribe]]? Tribus quoque verbum Latinum est sed secundum dictionarium non idem significat et verbum Anglicum tribe. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:24, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::: ''Tribus'' est quaedam divisio populi, non tota natio ([https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=tribus]). Possum falli, sed secundum illam Ciceronis sententiam (“Omnēs nātiōnēs servitūtem ferre possunt …”) mihi videtur praecipua differentia inter ''civitatem'' et ''nationem'' hoc esse, quod ''civitas'' rem publicam civium significat, ''nationes'' autem alios populos tamquam gentes spectatos. Ita ''civitas'' erat Roma, ''nationes'' erant ceteri populi. P.S. {{*Cfr}} etiam “eruditissima illa Graecorum natio” (Cic.). Nam Graecis erat una natio sed plures civitates. Hoc usu vocabulum mihi videtur fere eodem sensu adhiberi ac in linguis hodiernis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 23:07, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::Nexus interviciales perutiles sunt (ad minimum, lectores novos nobis dirigunt!) sed non nos regunt. Omnis lingua, sicut [[civitas sui iuris]], libera est. Debemus (1) verba Latina Latinitate classica definire (2) alia verba quibus significationes cognatae sunt (e.g. gens, tribus, civitas) distinguere, nexibus datis (3) significationes apud Latinistas recentiores explicare, si differunt (4) praeter alia, de re principali pellucide disserere.
:::::::Cicero his verbis, ''omnes nationes servitutem fere possunt: nostra civitas non potest'' (Phil. 10.10.20) inter ''nationes'' et ''nostram civitatem'' quoquomodo distinguere videtur ... sed alibi ''omnes &lt;u&gt;exteras&lt;/u&gt; nationes'' et ''eruditissimam Graecorum nationem'' indicat (Imp. Pomp. 11.31; De Or. 2.4.18) -- unde intellego, apud Ciceronem, plures ''nationes'' exstitisse tam sub imperio S.P.Q.R. quam extra limites. Ex his sententiis, si volumus, inter civitatem et nationem facile erit distinguere: sed inter ''populos'' et ''nationes'' ...? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:06, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::Nolite oblivisci ''gentes''&amp;thinsp;! Cassell's nobis dicit (p. 742) ''international law'' locutionem Anglicam nostra lingua esse ''ius gentium,'' ac Traupman (ed. 3, p. 575) nobis dicit ''international'' ipsum verbum Anglicum esse ''inter gentes.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:12, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::Sententias vestras perlegi et commentarium inveni [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311975311_On_the_Roman_Concept_of_Natio “On the Roman Concept of Natio”] quem quoque legi, et iam intellego quanta difficilis sit haec res. In libro Arnoldi et in dictionario legi nationem esse “esp. uncivilized”, nec autores Romanos scripisisse Nationem Romanam. Putavi nationem esse tribe nec unquam civilised nation. Iam nesio a bonus sit hic nexus. Veritus sum ne homines dum Latine scribebant solis nexibus uterentur, nec deliberarent quid sit verbum optimum. De pagina nostra [[Respublica]] vos consulere quoque volo. Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary” “'''republic''' ''respublica'', ''civitas'' (= state, simply): a —, as opp. to other forms of government, ''respublica'' (or ''civitas''” ''libera'' or ''popularis''.” Respublica et civitas idem significare mihi videntur. Nonne melius est movere hanc paginam ut novem nomen sit Respublica popularis? Haec res non est solo de nexu sed quoque de ipsa pagina. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:38, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Fortasse, sed iam est commentarius de &quot;People's republic&quot; in vicipaedia Anglica. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:31, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::: De differentia inter ''gentem'' et ''nationem'' conferatur etiam {{LTL|natio|335}}: “A ''gente'' aliquando ita differt, ut genus a specie: ''gens'' enim latius patet, et plures nationes complectitur, ut ''gens'' Graeca habet Atticos, Boeotos, Thebanos, qui ejusdem gentis nationes sunt.” Saepissime tamen gens et natio sunt synonyma. @[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]]: Graeci non erant “uncivilized”, attamen erant natio vel plures nationes. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:53, 2 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Multae paginae in Vicipaedia connexae sunt; ''United Nations'' vertitur ut [[Nationes Unitae]], multis cum fontibus (duabus encyclicis aliisque). Hoc mutare nequimus, et pagina de [[natio]]ne nec huic sensui contradicere debet; haec causa, cur paginae Anglicae '&quot;Nation&quot; ceterisque de hac natione moderna narrantibus alliganda sit. Sed de pagina [[Nationes mundi]], exempli gratia, iam dubito, et &quot;civitates mundi&quot; nationibus praeferam, [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 20:50, 4 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::Iam intellego. Huic sensu, quo utuntur encyclici, contradicere scilicet nequimus. Gratias omnibus vobis ago quia mihi hanc rem explanavistis. 
:::::::::::{{ping|Grufo}}, Quaesivi nec inveni ubi Cicero nationem Graecam scripserit. Testimonium encyclicorum mihi videtur bonum esse, scire tamen volo ubi orator optimus his verbis usus sit. 
:::::::::::Valete. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 21:14, 5 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::: @[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]]: {{Op|[[De oratore]]}}, {{Vf|De oratore/Liber II|18|2.4.18}}: “eruditissima illa Graecorum natio”. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:09, 5 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::::Gratias tibi ago! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:45, 7 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::De commentario qui [[Nationes mundi]] (Anglice [[w:en:List of sovereign states|List of sovereign states]]) vocatur, nonne melius nomen est “''Index civitatum sui iuris''”? 
:::::::::::Vide commentarios:
:::::::::::* [[Civitas sui iuris]]
:::::::::::* [[Index communium Badeniae et Virtembergiae]]
:::::::::::* [[Index urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]]
:::::::::::* [[Index fluviorum Germaniae]]
:::::::::::* [[Index asteroidum]]
:::::::::::* [[Index siglorum ordinum ecclesiae catholicae]]
:::::::::::Hic commentarius est index. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 16:50, 9 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::::Sic, [[Index civitatum sui iuris]] bonum nomen est, multae paginae huius generis in Vicipaedia Latina &quot;indices&quot; nominantur. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 19:47, 9 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::::Vobis consentio. Hanc paginam satis antiqua renominare oportet. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:39, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC)</text>
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== De paginis nimis magnis quae formulā {{[[Formula:Augenda|Augenda]]}} utuntur ==
In [[:Categoria:Corrigenda|Categoriam:Corrigenda]] plures subcategoriae formulā {{Fn|Augenda}} stipantur (e.g. [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Februario 2023]], [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Ianuario 2024]], [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Decembri 2025]], et cetera). Inspiciens, multas harum paginarum invenii quae longiores sunt 1000 octobitis (e.g. [[Graecia archaica]]: 2928 octobiti). Quid censeatis si mechanema cum monitu in formulam {{Fn|Augenda}} inseram, ne in paginis longioribus quam 1000 octobitorum adhibeatur? Nam si pagina est satis longa, vanum est legentes monere paginam intra tres menses esse augendam. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:30, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:Pagina de [[Graecia archaica]] (#1) lemmate proprio, (#2) definitione idonea, et (#3) fonte externo caret, et omnis Vicipadia ut videtur (#4) nexibus ad hanc paginam ducentibus caret. That's all four of the formula's four criteria. ¶ For the difference between a stub and more-than-a-stub, the cutoff I've been using has been 2,000 octeti for general articles and 1,900 for articles with a taxobox. I don't recall a consensus on that limit, but articles having 4,000, 5,000, 6,000 octeti have been marked &quot;stipula&quot;; that's likely too high a limit, and I'd suggest that 2,000 (or possibly your 1,000) is a more defensible upper limit for stubs. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 03:15, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::For example, just today, someone added &quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{urbs-stipula}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot; to the article on [[Barcino]], which already had more than 3,500 octeti! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:04, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::: ''Stipulae'' are not problematic from an administrative point of view, because in theory they can remain as such forever. Barcellona is an important city with a lot of history that can be written in an encyclopedia, it can be understandable if someone feels that the current page can be greatly improved. Instead, what scares me about the {{Fn|Augenda}} template is that it is not only an invitation to improve pages, it also asks us to delete pages after three months (which is why it should be used with care). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 15:57, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::::Then why not change the verb from ''will'' to ''may'' or introduce some other indication of indeterminacy? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:31, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC) 
:: [[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobus]], we can set any limit we want, but what I think makes little sense is saying that a page must be increased within three months, but then after three months nothing happens and the categories above keep growing. We must set a realistic (relatively low) threshold and then, after that, be ready to '''delete''' the pages that do not respect our threshold (in [[Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium 35#De novo spatio nominali adumbrationum proponendo|another thread]] I had proposed the &lt;code&gt;adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace where after three months all these “augenda” pages can be moved, but that is a separate topic). A page like [[Graecia archaica]] only needs relatively little work to be adjusted—certainly does not deserve to be deleted. What I want to stress here is that every time you add {{Fn|Augenda}} to a page you are basically saying “If the page stays like this, I am okay if after three months it gets deleted”. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 03:58, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::That's correct, but I heartily endorse a separate namespace, a kind of purgatory, where such pages can go until they've become worthy of standing in the mainspace. As a rule, I don't work on formulas, so I likely had nothing to do with the wording of this one, but three months must have been the original consensus. If memory serves, @Andrew Dalby and perhaps others have occasionally enforced the three-month rule, though sometimes after well more than three months have elapsed. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:08, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::: Intellego. Novum spatium nominale a “Phabricatore” petiturus sum. Quid censeres si in paginis amplioribus (e.g. inter 2000 et 1000) formulā {{Fn|Nondum stipula}} (quae nullam categoriam cum tempore praefinito imponit) pro formulā {{Fn|Augenda}} utereris? Aut aliam novam formulam quoque nobis excogitare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:57, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
::::: {{Tpe|Nova}} Hic nuper petivi ut novum spatium nominale adumbrationum crearetur: [[phab:T418706|New “Draft” namespace for lawiki: “Adumbratio”]]. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:01, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:::::: {{Tpe|Novissima}} Euax! Spatium nominale adumbrationum [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|habemus]]! Textus paginae [[MediaWiki:Noarticletext]] nobis sic mutandus est ut adumbrationes, si exsistunt, detegantur. Postea aliquid excogitabo. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:34, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC)
@[[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobe]]: What would you think if we created a &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; template, and established that when we find a page that was created more than three months ago (e.g. [[Agrinium]], created in 2004!), instead of {{Fn|Augenda}} we add the new template instead? The &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; template could look more or less like this:

{{Capsa annuntiationis
	| color = #7f83d7
	| pigmentum = #f3f4fb
	| imago = P writing.svg
	| 1 =

'''Commentationem neglectam augeamus!'''

Haec commentatio longe neglecta videtur mansa esse. Sodes, adiuva paginam augere!

}}

We can then have [[:Categoria:Paginae neglectae]], where all these pages will be automatically collected. I am proposing this because I think that it makes little sense to warn that a page that was created 22 years ago must be improved within three months! It will be an empty warning. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 08:40, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:That might be useful. How would it differ from the Adumbratio solution? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:01, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:: Following [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio|the rules]] that I partly translated from English Wikipedia, we must not move pages that were created long ago to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace. So the picture should look as follows:
::* '''Case 1:''' The page is is too short and was recently created. We have three possibilities:
::*# We improve it (prefereable solution)
::*# We move it to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace (less prefereable than improving the page but more prefearable than the following)
::*# We add {{Fn|Augenda}} (less prefereable)
::*#: ↳ If three months after adding {{Fn|Augenda}} nothing has changed we delete the page for real
::* '''Case 2:''' The page is too short and was created more than three months ago. Two possibilities:
::*# We improve it (prefereable solution)
::*# We have no other choice but adding &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::*#: ↳ We must take into account that the page might stay like that indefinitely
::* '''Case 3:''' The page was in the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace and was moved to the main namespace prematurely:
::*# We add {{Fn|Augenda}}
::*#: ↳ If after three months nothing has changed we delete the page for real
:: The rationale is that pages that are too old might no longer have someone that checks them and is able to fulfill our expectations. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 12:42, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)

== De novo spatio adumbrationum ==
{{Collaboratio|Alex1011|Alexander Gerashchenko|Amahoney|Andreas Raether|Andrew Dalby|Aylin|Bartholomite|Bis-Taurinus|Demetrius Talpa|Giorno2|IacobusAmor|Ioscius|Iustinus|Lesgles|LilyKitty|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Neander|Pippobuono|Rafaelgarcia|Sigur|Utilo|UV|Xaverius
	| alacres = IacobusAmor
	| alacritas = mensis
	| res = Magistratūs usoresque strenuos vocavi. Veniam peto si alicuius oblitus sum.
	| subscriptio = [[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:43, 3 Martii 2026 (UTC)
}}

Nuper novum spatium nominale &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; condidimus. Nunc oportet regulas nostras definire. Apud [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] paginam Anglicam [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts]] partim verti, sed de nostra propria ratione consentiendum est.

Notandum est Vicipaediam Anglicam [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts#Reasons not to move an article to draftspace|regulam habere]] qua vetatur paginam in spatio principali sitam in spatium adumbrationum movere “si commentatio ante plus quam 90 dies creata est”. Re quidem vera, nuper paginam [[Alkinum]] ad [[Adumbratio:Alkinum]] movi (praesertim ad lineamenta technica novi spatii nominalis experienda), attamen mihi visum est parum rectum paginam anno 2006 creatam (et [[Vicipaedia:Paginae quas omnibus Vicipaediis contineri oportet/Expansio#Materies chemicales|quam omnibus Vicipaediis contineri oportet]]!) ibi movere.

Quo facto suasus sum ut nobis vetandum sit formulam {{Fn|Augenda}} paginis ante plus quam tres menses creatis addere. Nam, si pagina nimis brevis olim creata est et usque talis mansit, si nos eam negleximus nec animadvertimus nisi nunc, meā sententiā duae optiones tantum nobis patent: aut eam relinquimus intactam, aut formulam {{Fn|Delenda}} apponimus.

Ceterum, a vobis peto ut paginam [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] inspiciatis, novas regulas proponatis, aut regulas a me scriptas emendetis.

Valete! --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:43, 3 Martii 2026 (UTC)

==De loco vel gradu Vicipaediae apud Meta==
Does moving articles counted among the 10,000 most important (like 
&quot;[[Alkinum]]&quot; &amp; &quot;[[Oxidum]]&quot;) into the limbo marked by &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Adumbratio}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; and/or &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Neglecta}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; lower Vicipaedia's score at Meta? (Vide [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias_by_expanded_sample_of_articles|&quot;List of Wikipedias by expanded sample of articles&quot;].) In other words, do they need to remain in the mainspace to boost Vicipaedia's score? ¶ Ten years ago, in March 2016, Vicipaedia was ranked thirty-ninth among all the wikis; at the end of last month, it was ranked fifty-second. This is not an encouraging trend, and deliberately accelerating it might not be considered advisable. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:52, 12 Martii 2026 (UTC)
: Hi Iacobus. Moving pages to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace definitely counts as removing them from the encyclopedia. Adding {{Fn|Pagina neglecta}} (or any other template) instead has no effects. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:09, 12 Martii 2026 (UTC)
::&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ping|IacobusAmor}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;, is there a page that specifies the number of articles from this list that we have? -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:47, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::{{ping|IacobusAmor}}, idk why my previous ping got wrapped by nowiki. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:48, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::Ecce (but it needs to be updated): https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usor:Amahoney/Myrias_epitome [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:04, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::So, as Grufo says, moving one of the &quot;10,000&quot; pages into Adumbratio space removes it from the encyclopedia and from the score that Iacobus mentions. In the case of a page in that list, maybe it's better for it to be in mainspace, with a warning template (''neglecta/augenda/...'') on it? If it's in mainspace, more editors might see it and be tempted to improve it. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:29, 14 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::: Hi Andrew. Indeed. When I created the page [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] by (partially) translating [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts]], I also translated the rule that a page can be moved away from the mainspace to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace only if it is a newly created page (&lt; 90 days). So pages that have long been among our 10000 pages are safe. P.S. The rules in [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] still need our consensus, so if you have time, please give that page a look. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:58, 14 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Template:Weather box ==
{{Excepta|Vicipaedia:Officina|Template:Weather box|Locus opportunior --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}}

== Quid significat expectatio vacuae mutationis? ==

Dicitur in pagina [[Topologia classium punctorum]] quod &quot;Haec pagina mutationem vacuam expectat&quot;. Et rogat me, &quot;nihil tangens&quot;, sibi ostendere mutationes.

Ad quem dirigitur haec monitio, et quas mutationes oportet eum sibi ostendere? Non intelligo. [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 04:29, 19 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

: Salve, [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]. Illa icon significat vicitextum &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatium topologicum|spatia topologica|en|qid=Q179899}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; ad hunc vicitextum, si paginam emendas, sponte mutatum iri: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;[[Spatium topologicum|spatia topologica]]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; (vide [[Special:Diff/3954206/3955454|meam ultimam recensionem]] et documentationem formulae {{fsn|pcc}}), quoniam nunc [[Spatium topologicum|paginam]] habemus quae cum entitate Vicidatorum [[:d:Q179899]] nectitur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 04:44, 19 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::Gratias habeo—mirum tamen mihi videtur, quod substitutio &quot;cref&quot; tantum unam tesseram (siquidem recte lexi) sumat ut argumentum. Quomodo ergo facio, si notam duos habeat nexus ad paginas creatas?--[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:29, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::: Immo, infinitatem tesserarum formula {{fsn|cref}} accipit. Vide, exempli gratia, hanc annotationem in pagina “[[Carpates]]”, ubi sunt ambae entitates [[:d:Q6776713]] et [[:d:Q11699202]]:
:::: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{safesubst:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|1={{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Martinus Szent-Ivany|Martini Szent-Ivany|hu|qid=Q6776713}} [...] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Gabriel Rzaczynski|Gabrielis Rzączyński|pl|qid=Q11699202}} [...]|2=Q6776713|3=Q11699202}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: Vide etiam {{Caput|Formula:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|Quomodo tesseram invenio?}}. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:43, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Annon corrigere possumus titulos &quot;instrumentorum&quot;? ==

Exempli gratia: video unum &quot;instrumentum&quot; appellari &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. Videtur mihi hic titulus mendam habere et corrigi posse accentus acutus ad macron. Sed nescio utrum corrigibilis sit ab usoribus. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:47, 24 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
: Salve [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]. Usoribus non licet [[Specialis:Nuntia systematis|nuntia systematis]] recensere (vide etiam &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[{{fullurl:Special:Allpages|namespace=8}} spatium “&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:&lt;/code&gt;”]&lt;/span&gt;), sed usores possunt a magistratibus petere ut nuntia recenseant (et multa nuntia exstant quae meliora facere aut etiam omnino vertere oportet!). Non invenio ubi “Paginam prehendere formá PDF” iaceat; fortasse @[[Usor:UV|UV]] adiuvare potest. P.S. “accentus acutus” revera est [[Apex (orthographia Latina)|apex]], forma antiquior [[macron|macri]]; attamen concordo uniformia signa diacritica nobis esse sequenda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:42, 24 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::Non potest prehendere paginas disputationum formā PDF. Sed paginas encyclopediae possumus; e.g. [[Macron]]. At ibi apparet &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 02:04, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::: Nexum video, sed quid nuntium gignat non invenio. Exempli gratia, [[MediaWiki:Contributions|haec pagina]] nuntium “User contributions” ad nuntium Latinum “Conlationes usoris” vertit; sed quid vertit “Download PDF” ad “Paginam prehendere formá PDF”? Nescio. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:44, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::Ignosce inclaritatem meam—sed prime (ut ita dicam) &quot;Instrumenta&quot; et videbis instrumentorum titulos. Titulus primus (ut mihi ostenduntur) est &quot;Movere&quot;; titulus novissimus est &quot;Res Wikidata&quot;; et unus titulorum est &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:46, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::: @[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]: Ut dixi, oculis meis textum video, sed ignoro e qua pagina aut e quo nuntio systematis oriatur. Nequeo textum corrigere si nescio quid mihi sit emendandum. Conatus sum aliqua similia nuntia vertere ([[MediaWiki:Wikisource-download-pdf|#1]], [[MediaWiki:Minerva-download|#2]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-print-text|#3]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-download-label|#4]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-special-page-headline|#5]]), sed nuntium quod quaeris non inveni. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:54, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::bzgrep utebar perlegere totam Vicipaediam Latinam; non tamen inveni.  Mirum! --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:25, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::: @[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]: Potesne, quaeso, etiam situm https://translatewiki.net/ per “bzgrep” inspicere? Etiam illic non inveni textum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:28, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::[https://translatewiki.net/wiki/MediaWiki:Coll-download_as/la Fontem] inveni huius textus, non autem bzgrep utens. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:12, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::: Gratias tibi ago. Correxi. Post paucos dies abhinc nova translatio etiam in Vicipaedia Latina ostendetur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:34, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Fortasse nostis [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki?uselang=qqx hunc nexum] per quem tandem inveni. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:37, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Regula generalis de intellegentia artificiali ==
[[:meta:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|Apud MetaVici disputatur]] utrum regula generalis de intellegentiae artificialis usu introducenda sit necne. Quum etiam nos tanget, vos hortor ut sententias vestras feratis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:42, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

:Non penitus intelligo quomodo nos tangeat. Annon iam habemus regulam de plasmatibus (ut ita dicam) linguarum? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:50, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:: Regulae globales omnes Vicipaedias afficiunt, atque illa regula proponitur globalis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:56, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::Gratias habeo; nonne autem, si Vicipaedia Latina haberet regulam, supersedeat regulam generalem? Et simili modo respectu aliarum Vicipaediarum? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:01, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::: Non sum certus, sed timeo ne regulae globales vincant. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:05, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::Ita; intelligo. Scisne utrum restrictionem an laxationem habeat favorem iuris? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:12, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::: Apud Vicipaediam Latinam nulla est regula scripta; paginae tamen quae omnino intellegentiā artificiali sine ulla humana recensione vertuntur pittacio {{Fn|Pagina autotranslata}} signantur atque post unam hebdomadam delentur. Prima regula globalis proposita mihi videtur hoc tantum postulare, ut, ''praeter translationes'', usus intellegentiae artificialis aperte declaretur. Altera autem regula globalis vetat intellegentiā artificiali ūtī ''nisi in translationibus''. Meā sententiā, hoc nobis incommodum contrarium efficit, quia hic magnopere laboramus ad translationes machinarias moderandas; alii autem usūs intellegentiae artificialis nobis non sunt incommodo. Non puto magni rēferre usum ipsum declarare, sed potius oportere responsa intellegentiae artificialis diligenter inspicere ac recensere. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:45, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Quomodo melius invenire titula proposita pro articulo nondum existente? ==

Volui creare articulum pro &quot;poset&quot; (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q474715).

Scio, quod est formula &quot;subst:pcc&quot; alicubi in hac Vicipaedia per quam statuitur titulum huius articuli. Sed nescio, et &quot;bzgrep&quot; iterum inutilis est.

Estne methodus inventionis talium &quot;titulorum articulorum nondum existentium&quot;? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 04:47, 30 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

: Formula {{fsn|pcc}} nescit quod nomen Latinum novae paginae (“nexui rubro”) assignandum sit, istud erit tibi eligendum. Ad formulam adhibendam tibi sufficiet titulum Latinum et linguā aliā scribere. E.g.:
:: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{subst:pcc|en=Partially ordered set|Aggregatio partim ordinata}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: ↳ {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}
: Aut, si vis, potes autem tesseram Vicidatorum praebere:
:: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{subst:pcc|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: ↳ {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}
: Non exstat ullus index paginarum creandarum. Nomina inveniuntur simul ac paginae creantur. Attamen, si quis paginam “Aggregatio partim ordinat'''issima'''” postea creet at ad [[:d:Q474715]] eam nectat, pagina ubi nexus ruber “Aggregatio partim ordinata” ostendebatur nunc ad paginam “Aggregatio partim ordinatissima” nectetur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 06:13, 30 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Quomodo citare librum, quod numerum librarium uniformem inter gentes caret? ==

[[Cancellum (mathematica)|Hac pagina]] conor citare librum quoddam, sed caret ISBN/NLUIG. Habet tamen numerum Catalogii Librarii Congressus (LCCN), sed nescio quomodo hanc numerum affigere rei citatae.

Multas habeo gratias pro auxilio vestro! --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 02:09, 18 Maii 2026 (UTC)

== Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet? ==
Salvete omnes! Hic scribo nec in [[Disputatio:Natio|pagina disputationis]] quod hoc verbum in multis commentariis est. Secundum [https://archive.org/details/practicalint00arno/page/41/mode/1up librum Arnoldi] “Natio is rarely used of a civilised and organised nation ; it means a people, or tribe, sprung from one race, of the same blood (nascor).” Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary Latin-English English-Latin” natio significat “a tribe, race, people, esp. uncivilized”, et verbum Anglicum nation significat “populus, gens (=people, stock), civitas (=body of citizens), respublica (=state), natio (=tribe, not highly civilized)”. Liber Arnoldi quoque monet ut iis vocabulis Latinis utamur. Commentarius [[Natio|natio]] illud Ciceronis habet: “Omnēs nātiōnēs servitūtem ferre possunt, nostra cīvitās nōn potest; …” in quo orator optimus populum Romanum a nationibus distinguet. Quid vobis videtur de hac re? Valete! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 20:58, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)

:Haec &quot;natio&quot; a primis temporibus Vicipaediae originem obscuram ducit, mihi non placet, sed permulta corrigenda sunt, si eam mutare volumus. Civitas (de civibus), civitas sui iuris? [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 22:09, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:: Aut etiam possibile est dicere, etiam secundum linguas recentiores, ipsam notionem “nationis” quodammodo “civitati” adversari. Id est, sunt qui putent, etiam linguis hodiernis, “nationem” (Anglice ''nation'', Italice ''nazione'', et cetera) semper aliquid minus civile quam “civitatem” (Anglice ''state'', Italice ''Stato'', et cetera), immo vero tribale, significare. Cum hoc tamen concordo, paginam illam nimis veterem esse atque redintegrandam. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:41, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::Melius est quaedam omittere quam nihil corrigere. Video nos habere commentarios qui vocantur [[Civitas]] (Ang. [[w:en:State (polity)]]), [[Gens]] (Ang. [[w:en:Gens]], nescio cur hic commentarius Latine non sit solis de gentibus Romanis), [[Populus]] (Ang. [[w:en:People]]), [[Res publica]] (Ang. [[w:en:Republic]]), et [[Tribus (anthropologia)]] ([[w:en:Tribe]]). Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary”, tribus significat”originally a third part if the Roman people. Hence a tribe, a division of the Roman people …”. Hoc dictionarium monet ut verbo “natio” vel verbo “gens” utamur si scribere “tribe” velimus nec de tribubus Romanis scribamus. Vero non possum novum nomen commentarii [[Natio]] commendare quod nescio cur vikipedia tot commentarios habeat. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 14:38, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
::::Pagina non est delenda, si hoc consulis. &quot;Natio&quot; [http://lexica.linguax.com/forc2.php?searchedLG=natio verbum est Latinum], cur id ne explicemus. Si nexum intervicialem ad paginam Anglicam male congruere putas, ita est, non perfectissime congruit. Sed cum de notionibus abstractis agitur, nexus interviciales saepius tales sunt. Hoc malum in Vicipaediα inevitabile est et hoc non est malum, si res explicatur. Paginae ipsius loca quaedam corrigenda est, Ciceronis interpretatio mutanda, et, quod maxime interest, inter [[Specialis:Nexus_ad_paginam/Natio|nexus ad eam]] hi multi corrigendi sunt, ubi &quot;natio&quot; in modum Anglicum civitatem sui iuris significat. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 18:22, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::Pagina scilicet delenda non est. Vidi paginas in Vikipedia Hebraica et Ucrainica ad paginam Anglicam bene congruere nec nostram paginam. Natio est verbum Latinum, cuius sensu Latino uti debemus, nec sensi Anglico. Delere nolo sed mutare et fortasse movere. Eo consilio hunc sermonem coepi ut sensibus Latinis verborum uteremur. Vero nescio cur Vikipedia Anglica tot paginas habeat et quid sit discrimen inter “nation” et “state”, propter quod non possum verbum meliorum commendare. Potestne pagina Anglica nostrae paginae [[Natio]] esse [[w:en:Tribe]]? Tribus quoque verbum Latinum est sed secundum dictionarium non idem significat et verbum Anglicum tribe. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:24, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::: ''Tribus'' est quaedam divisio populi, non tota natio ([https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=tribus]). Possum falli, sed secundum illam Ciceronis sententiam (“Omnēs nātiōnēs servitūtem ferre possunt …”) mihi videtur praecipua differentia inter ''civitatem'' et ''nationem'' hoc esse, quod ''civitas'' rem publicam civium significat, ''nationes'' autem alios populos tamquam gentes spectatos. Ita ''civitas'' erat Roma, ''nationes'' erant ceteri populi. P.S. {{*Cfr}} etiam “eruditissima illa Graecorum natio” (Cic.). Nam Graecis erat una natio sed plures civitates. Hoc usu vocabulum mihi videtur fere eodem sensu adhiberi ac in linguis hodiernis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 23:07, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::Nexus interviciales perutiles sunt (ad minimum, lectores novos nobis dirigunt!) sed non nos regunt. Omnis lingua, sicut [[civitas sui iuris]], libera est. Debemus (1) verba Latina Latinitate classica definire (2) alia verba quibus significationes cognatae sunt (e.g. gens, tribus, civitas) distinguere, nexibus datis (3) significationes apud Latinistas recentiores explicare, si differunt (4) praeter alia, de re principali pellucide disserere.
:::::::Cicero his verbis, ''omnes nationes servitutem fere possunt: nostra civitas non potest'' (Phil. 10.10.20) inter ''nationes'' et ''nostram civitatem'' quoquomodo distinguere videtur ... sed alibi ''omnes &lt;u&gt;exteras&lt;/u&gt; nationes'' et ''eruditissimam Graecorum nationem'' indicat (Imp. Pomp. 11.31; De Or. 2.4.18) -- unde intellego, apud Ciceronem, plures ''nationes'' exstitisse tam sub imperio S.P.Q.R. quam extra limites. Ex his sententiis, si volumus, inter civitatem et nationem facile erit distinguere: sed inter ''populos'' et ''nationes'' ...? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:06, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::Nolite oblivisci ''gentes''&amp;thinsp;! Cassell's nobis dicit (p. 742) ''international law'' locutionem Anglicam nostra lingua esse ''ius gentium,'' ac Traupman (ed. 3, p. 575) nobis dicit ''international'' ipsum verbum Anglicum esse ''inter gentes.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:12, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::Sententias vestras perlegi et commentarium inveni [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311975311_On_the_Roman_Concept_of_Natio “On the Roman Concept of Natio”] quem quoque legi, et iam intellego quanta difficilis sit haec res. In libro Arnoldi et in dictionario legi nationem esse “esp. uncivilized”, nec autores Romanos scripisisse Nationem Romanam. Putavi nationem esse tribe nec unquam civilised nation. Iam nesio a bonus sit hic nexus. Veritus sum ne homines dum Latine scribebant solis nexibus uterentur, nec deliberarent quid sit verbum optimum. De pagina nostra [[Respublica]] vos consulere quoque volo. Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary” “'''republic''' ''respublica'', ''civitas'' (= state, simply): a —, as opp. to other forms of government, ''respublica'' (or ''civitas''” ''libera'' or ''popularis''.” Respublica et civitas idem significare mihi videntur. Nonne melius est movere hanc paginam ut novem nomen sit Respublica popularis? Haec res non est solo de nexu sed quoque de ipsa pagina. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:38, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Fortasse, sed iam est commentarius de &quot;People's republic&quot; in vicipaedia Anglica. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:31, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::: De differentia inter ''gentem'' et ''nationem'' conferatur etiam {{LTL|natio|335}}: “A ''gente'' aliquando ita differt, ut genus a specie: ''gens'' enim latius patet, et plures nationes complectitur, ut ''gens'' Graeca habet Atticos, Boeotos, Thebanos, qui ejusdem gentis nationes sunt.” Saepissime tamen gens et natio sunt synonyma. @[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]]: Graeci non erant “uncivilized”, attamen erant natio vel plures nationes. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:53, 2 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Multae paginae in Vicipaedia connexae sunt; ''United Nations'' vertitur ut [[Nationes Unitae]], multis cum fontibus (duabus encyclicis aliisque). Hoc mutare nequimus, et pagina de [[natio]]ne nec huic sensui contradicere debet; haec causa, cur paginae Anglicae '&quot;Nation&quot; ceterisque de hac natione moderna narrantibus alliganda sit. Sed de pagina [[Nationes mundi]], exempli gratia, iam dubito, et &quot;civitates mundi&quot; nationibus praeferam, [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 20:50, 4 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::Iam intellego. Huic sensu, quo utuntur encyclici, contradicere scilicet nequimus. Gratias omnibus vobis ago quia mihi hanc rem explanavistis. 
:::::::::::{{ping|Grufo}}, Quaesivi nec inveni ubi Cicero nationem Graecam scripserit. Testimonium encyclicorum mihi videtur bonum esse, scire tamen volo ubi orator optimus his verbis usus sit. 
:::::::::::Valete. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 21:14, 5 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::: @[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]]: {{Op|[[De oratore]]}}, {{Vf|De oratore/Liber II|18|2.4.18}}: “eruditissima illa Graecorum natio”. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:09, 5 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::::Gratias tibi ago! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:45, 7 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::De commentario qui [[Nationes mundi]] (Anglice [[w:en:List of sovereign states|List of sovereign states]]) vocatur, nonne melius nomen est “''Index civitatum sui iuris''”? 
:::::::::::Vide commentarios:
:::::::::::* [[Civitas sui iuris]]
:::::::::::* [[Index communium Badeniae et Virtembergiae]]
:::::::::::* [[Index urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]]
:::::::::::* [[Index fluviorum Germaniae]]
:::::::::::* [[Index asteroidum]]
:::::::::::* [[Index siglorum ordinum ecclesiae catholicae]]
:::::::::::Hic commentarius est index. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 16:50, 9 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::::Sic, [[Index civitatum sui iuris]] bonum nomen est, multae paginae huius generis in Vicipaedia Latina &quot;indices&quot; nominantur. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 19:47, 9 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::::Vobis consentio. Hanc paginam satis antiquam renominare oportet. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:39, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC)</text>
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== De paginis nimis magnis quae formulā {{[[Formula:Augenda|Augenda]]}} utuntur ==
In [[:Categoria:Corrigenda|Categoriam:Corrigenda]] plures subcategoriae formulā {{Fn|Augenda}} stipantur (e.g. [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Februario 2023]], [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Ianuario 2024]], [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Decembri 2025]], et cetera). Inspiciens, multas harum paginarum invenii quae longiores sunt 1000 octobitis (e.g. [[Graecia archaica]]: 2928 octobiti). Quid censeatis si mechanema cum monitu in formulam {{Fn|Augenda}} inseram, ne in paginis longioribus quam 1000 octobitorum adhibeatur? Nam si pagina est satis longa, vanum est legentes monere paginam intra tres menses esse augendam. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:30, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:Pagina de [[Graecia archaica]] (#1) lemmate proprio, (#2) definitione idonea, et (#3) fonte externo caret, et omnis Vicipadia ut videtur (#4) nexibus ad hanc paginam ducentibus caret. That's all four of the formula's four criteria. ¶ For the difference between a stub and more-than-a-stub, the cutoff I've been using has been 2,000 octeti for general articles and 1,900 for articles with a taxobox. I don't recall a consensus on that limit, but articles having 4,000, 5,000, 6,000 octeti have been marked &quot;stipula&quot;; that's likely too high a limit, and I'd suggest that 2,000 (or possibly your 1,000) is a more defensible upper limit for stubs. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 03:15, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::For example, just today, someone added &quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{urbs-stipula}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot; to the article on [[Barcino]], which already had more than 3,500 octeti! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:04, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::: ''Stipulae'' are not problematic from an administrative point of view, because in theory they can remain as such forever. Barcellona is an important city with a lot of history that can be written in an encyclopedia, it can be understandable if someone feels that the current page can be greatly improved. Instead, what scares me about the {{Fn|Augenda}} template is that it is not only an invitation to improve pages, it also asks us to delete pages after three months (which is why it should be used with care). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 15:57, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::::Then why not change the verb from ''will'' to ''may'' or introduce some other indication of indeterminacy? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:31, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC) 
:: [[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobus]], we can set any limit we want, but what I think makes little sense is saying that a page must be increased within three months, but then after three months nothing happens and the categories above keep growing. We must set a realistic (relatively low) threshold and then, after that, be ready to '''delete''' the pages that do not respect our threshold (in [[Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium 35#De novo spatio nominali adumbrationum proponendo|another thread]] I had proposed the &lt;code&gt;adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace where after three months all these “augenda” pages can be moved, but that is a separate topic). A page like [[Graecia archaica]] only needs relatively little work to be adjusted—certainly does not deserve to be deleted. What I want to stress here is that every time you add {{Fn|Augenda}} to a page you are basically saying “If the page stays like this, I am okay if after three months it gets deleted”. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 03:58, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::That's correct, but I heartily endorse a separate namespace, a kind of purgatory, where such pages can go until they've become worthy of standing in the mainspace. As a rule, I don't work on formulas, so I likely had nothing to do with the wording of this one, but three months must have been the original consensus. If memory serves, @Andrew Dalby and perhaps others have occasionally enforced the three-month rule, though sometimes after well more than three months have elapsed. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:08, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::: Intellego. Novum spatium nominale a “Phabricatore” petiturus sum. Quid censeres si in paginis amplioribus (e.g. inter 2000 et 1000) formulā {{Fn|Nondum stipula}} (quae nullam categoriam cum tempore praefinito imponit) pro formulā {{Fn|Augenda}} utereris? Aut aliam novam formulam quoque nobis excogitare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:57, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
::::: {{Tpe|Nova}} Hic nuper petivi ut novum spatium nominale adumbrationum crearetur: [[phab:T418706|New “Draft” namespace for lawiki: “Adumbratio”]]. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:01, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:::::: {{Tpe|Novissima}} Euax! Spatium nominale adumbrationum [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|habemus]]! Textus paginae [[MediaWiki:Noarticletext]] nobis sic mutandus est ut adumbrationes, si exsistunt, detegantur. Postea aliquid excogitabo. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:34, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC)
@[[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobe]]: What would you think if we created a &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; template, and established that when we find a page that was created more than three months ago (e.g. [[Agrinium]], created in 2004!), instead of {{Fn|Augenda}} we add the new template instead? The &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; template could look more or less like this:

{{Capsa annuntiationis
	| color = #7f83d7
	| pigmentum = #f3f4fb
	| imago = P writing.svg
	| 1 =

'''Commentationem neglectam augeamus!'''

Haec commentatio longe neglecta videtur mansa esse. Sodes, adiuva paginam augere!

}}

We can then have [[:Categoria:Paginae neglectae]], where all these pages will be automatically collected. I am proposing this because I think that it makes little sense to warn that a page that was created 22 years ago must be improved within three months! It will be an empty warning. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 08:40, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:That might be useful. How would it differ from the Adumbratio solution? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:01, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:: Following [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio|the rules]] that I partly translated from English Wikipedia, we must not move pages that were created long ago to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace. So the picture should look as follows:
::* '''Case 1:''' The page is is too short and was recently created. We have three possibilities:
::*# We improve it (prefereable solution)
::*# We move it to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace (less prefereable than improving the page but more prefearable than the following)
::*# We add {{Fn|Augenda}} (less prefereable)
::*#: ↳ If three months after adding {{Fn|Augenda}} nothing has changed we delete the page for real
::* '''Case 2:''' The page is too short and was created more than three months ago. Two possibilities:
::*# We improve it (prefereable solution)
::*# We have no other choice but adding &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::*#: ↳ We must take into account that the page might stay like that indefinitely
::* '''Case 3:''' The page was in the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace and was moved to the main namespace prematurely:
::*# We add {{Fn|Augenda}}
::*#: ↳ If after three months nothing has changed we delete the page for real
:: The rationale is that pages that are too old might no longer have someone that checks them and is able to fulfill our expectations. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 12:42, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)

== De novo spatio adumbrationum ==
{{Collaboratio|Alex1011|Alexander Gerashchenko|Amahoney|Andreas Raether|Andrew Dalby|Aylin|Bartholomite|Bis-Taurinus|Demetrius Talpa|Giorno2|IacobusAmor|Ioscius|Iustinus|Lesgles|LilyKitty|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Neander|Pippobuono|Rafaelgarcia|Sigur|Utilo|UV|Xaverius
	| alacres = IacobusAmor
	| alacritas = mensis
	| res = Magistratūs usoresque strenuos vocavi. Veniam peto si alicuius oblitus sum.
	| subscriptio = [[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:43, 3 Martii 2026 (UTC)
}}

Nuper novum spatium nominale &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; condidimus. Nunc oportet regulas nostras definire. Apud [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] paginam Anglicam [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts]] partim verti, sed de nostra propria ratione consentiendum est.

Notandum est Vicipaediam Anglicam [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts#Reasons not to move an article to draftspace|regulam habere]] qua vetatur paginam in spatio principali sitam in spatium adumbrationum movere “si commentatio ante plus quam 90 dies creata est”. Re quidem vera, nuper paginam [[Alkinum]] ad [[Adumbratio:Alkinum]] movi (praesertim ad lineamenta technica novi spatii nominalis experienda), attamen mihi visum est parum rectum paginam anno 2006 creatam (et [[Vicipaedia:Paginae quas omnibus Vicipaediis contineri oportet/Expansio#Materies chemicales|quam omnibus Vicipaediis contineri oportet]]!) ibi movere.

Quo facto suasus sum ut nobis vetandum sit formulam {{Fn|Augenda}} paginis ante plus quam tres menses creatis addere. Nam, si pagina nimis brevis olim creata est et usque talis mansit, si nos eam negleximus nec animadvertimus nisi nunc, meā sententiā duae optiones tantum nobis patent: aut eam relinquimus intactam, aut formulam {{Fn|Delenda}} apponimus.

Ceterum, a vobis peto ut paginam [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] inspiciatis, novas regulas proponatis, aut regulas a me scriptas emendetis.

Valete! --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:43, 3 Martii 2026 (UTC)

==De loco vel gradu Vicipaediae apud Meta==
Does moving articles counted among the 10,000 most important (like 
&quot;[[Alkinum]]&quot; &amp; &quot;[[Oxidum]]&quot;) into the limbo marked by &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Adumbratio}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; and/or &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Neglecta}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; lower Vicipaedia's score at Meta? (Vide [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias_by_expanded_sample_of_articles|&quot;List of Wikipedias by expanded sample of articles&quot;].) In other words, do they need to remain in the mainspace to boost Vicipaedia's score? ¶ Ten years ago, in March 2016, Vicipaedia was ranked thirty-ninth among all the wikis; at the end of last month, it was ranked fifty-second. This is not an encouraging trend, and deliberately accelerating it might not be considered advisable. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:52, 12 Martii 2026 (UTC)
: Hi Iacobus. Moving pages to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace definitely counts as removing them from the encyclopedia. Adding {{Fn|Pagina neglecta}} (or any other template) instead has no effects. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:09, 12 Martii 2026 (UTC)
::&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ping|IacobusAmor}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;, is there a page that specifies the number of articles from this list that we have? -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:47, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::{{ping|IacobusAmor}}, idk why my previous ping got wrapped by nowiki. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:48, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::Ecce (but it needs to be updated): https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usor:Amahoney/Myrias_epitome [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:04, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::So, as Grufo says, moving one of the &quot;10,000&quot; pages into Adumbratio space removes it from the encyclopedia and from the score that Iacobus mentions. In the case of a page in that list, maybe it's better for it to be in mainspace, with a warning template (''neglecta/augenda/...'') on it? If it's in mainspace, more editors might see it and be tempted to improve it. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:29, 14 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::: Hi Andrew. Indeed. When I created the page [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] by (partially) translating [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts]], I also translated the rule that a page can be moved away from the mainspace to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace only if it is a newly created page (&lt; 90 days). So pages that have long been among our 10000 pages are safe. P.S. The rules in [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] still need our consensus, so if you have time, please give that page a look. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:58, 14 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Template:Weather box ==
{{Excepta|Vicipaedia:Officina|Template:Weather box|Locus opportunior --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}}

== Quid significat expectatio vacuae mutationis? ==

Dicitur in pagina [[Topologia classium punctorum]] quod &quot;Haec pagina mutationem vacuam expectat&quot;. Et rogat me, &quot;nihil tangens&quot;, sibi ostendere mutationes.

Ad quem dirigitur haec monitio, et quas mutationes oportet eum sibi ostendere? Non intelligo. [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 04:29, 19 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

: Salve, [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]. Illa icon significat vicitextum &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatium topologicum|spatia topologica|en|qid=Q179899}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; ad hunc vicitextum, si paginam emendas, sponte mutatum iri: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;[[Spatium topologicum|spatia topologica]]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; (vide [[Special:Diff/3954206/3955454|meam ultimam recensionem]] et documentationem formulae {{fsn|pcc}}), quoniam nunc [[Spatium topologicum|paginam]] habemus quae cum entitate Vicidatorum [[:d:Q179899]] nectitur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 04:44, 19 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::Gratias habeo—mirum tamen mihi videtur, quod substitutio &quot;cref&quot; tantum unam tesseram (siquidem recte lexi) sumat ut argumentum. Quomodo ergo facio, si notam duos habeat nexus ad paginas creatas?--[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:29, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::: Immo, infinitatem tesserarum formula {{fsn|cref}} accipit. Vide, exempli gratia, hanc annotationem in pagina “[[Carpates]]”, ubi sunt ambae entitates [[:d:Q6776713]] et [[:d:Q11699202]]:
:::: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{safesubst:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|1={{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Martinus Szent-Ivany|Martini Szent-Ivany|hu|qid=Q6776713}} [...] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Gabriel Rzaczynski|Gabrielis Rzączyński|pl|qid=Q11699202}} [...]|2=Q6776713|3=Q11699202}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: Vide etiam {{Caput|Formula:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|Quomodo tesseram invenio?}}. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:43, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Annon corrigere possumus titulos &quot;instrumentorum&quot;? ==

Exempli gratia: video unum &quot;instrumentum&quot; appellari &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. Videtur mihi hic titulus mendam habere et corrigi posse accentus acutus ad macron. Sed nescio utrum corrigibilis sit ab usoribus. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:47, 24 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
: Salve [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]. Usoribus non licet [[Specialis:Nuntia systematis|nuntia systematis]] recensere (vide etiam &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[{{fullurl:Special:Allpages|namespace=8}} spatium “&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:&lt;/code&gt;”]&lt;/span&gt;), sed usores possunt a magistratibus petere ut nuntia recenseant (et multa nuntia exstant quae meliora facere aut etiam omnino vertere oportet!). Non invenio ubi “Paginam prehendere formá PDF” iaceat; fortasse @[[Usor:UV|UV]] adiuvare potest. P.S. “accentus acutus” revera est [[Apex (orthographia Latina)|apex]], forma antiquior [[macron|macri]]; attamen concordo uniformia signa diacritica nobis esse sequenda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:42, 24 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::Non potest prehendere paginas disputationum formā PDF. Sed paginas encyclopediae possumus; e.g. [[Macron]]. At ibi apparet &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 02:04, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::: Nexum video, sed quid nuntium gignat non invenio. Exempli gratia, [[MediaWiki:Contributions|haec pagina]] nuntium “User contributions” ad nuntium Latinum “Conlationes usoris” vertit; sed quid vertit “Download PDF” ad “Paginam prehendere formá PDF”? Nescio. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:44, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::Ignosce inclaritatem meam—sed prime (ut ita dicam) &quot;Instrumenta&quot; et videbis instrumentorum titulos. Titulus primus (ut mihi ostenduntur) est &quot;Movere&quot;; titulus novissimus est &quot;Res Wikidata&quot;; et unus titulorum est &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:46, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::: @[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]: Ut dixi, oculis meis textum video, sed ignoro e qua pagina aut e quo nuntio systematis oriatur. Nequeo textum corrigere si nescio quid mihi sit emendandum. Conatus sum aliqua similia nuntia vertere ([[MediaWiki:Wikisource-download-pdf|#1]], [[MediaWiki:Minerva-download|#2]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-print-text|#3]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-download-label|#4]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-special-page-headline|#5]]), sed nuntium quod quaeris non inveni. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:54, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::bzgrep utebar perlegere totam Vicipaediam Latinam; non tamen inveni.  Mirum! --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:25, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::: @[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]: Potesne, quaeso, etiam situm https://translatewiki.net/ per “bzgrep” inspicere? Etiam illic non inveni textum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:28, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::[https://translatewiki.net/wiki/MediaWiki:Coll-download_as/la Fontem] inveni huius textus, non autem bzgrep utens. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:12, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::: Gratias tibi ago. Correxi. Post paucos dies abhinc nova translatio etiam in Vicipaedia Latina ostendetur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:34, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Fortasse nostis [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki?uselang=qqx hunc nexum] per quem tandem inveni. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:37, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Regula generalis de intellegentia artificiali ==
[[:meta:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|Apud MetaVici disputatur]] utrum regula generalis de intellegentiae artificialis usu introducenda sit necne. Quum etiam nos tanget, vos hortor ut sententias vestras feratis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:42, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

:Non penitus intelligo quomodo nos tangeat. Annon iam habemus regulam de plasmatibus (ut ita dicam) linguarum? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:50, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:: Regulae globales omnes Vicipaedias afficiunt, atque illa regula proponitur globalis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:56, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::Gratias habeo; nonne autem, si Vicipaedia Latina haberet regulam, supersedeat regulam generalem? Et simili modo respectu aliarum Vicipaediarum? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:01, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::: Non sum certus, sed timeo ne regulae globales vincant. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:05, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::Ita; intelligo. Scisne utrum restrictionem an laxationem habeat favorem iuris? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:12, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::: Apud Vicipaediam Latinam nulla est regula scripta; paginae tamen quae omnino intellegentiā artificiali sine ulla humana recensione vertuntur pittacio {{Fn|Pagina autotranslata}} signantur atque post unam hebdomadam delentur. Prima regula globalis proposita mihi videtur hoc tantum postulare, ut, ''praeter translationes'', usus intellegentiae artificialis aperte declaretur. Altera autem regula globalis vetat intellegentiā artificiali ūtī ''nisi in translationibus''. Meā sententiā, hoc nobis incommodum contrarium efficit, quia hic magnopere laboramus ad translationes machinarias moderandas; alii autem usūs intellegentiae artificialis nobis non sunt incommodo. Non puto magni rēferre usum ipsum declarare, sed potius oportere responsa intellegentiae artificialis diligenter inspicere ac recensere. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:45, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Quomodo melius invenire titula proposita pro articulo nondum existente? ==

Volui creare articulum pro &quot;poset&quot; (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q474715).

Scio, quod est formula &quot;subst:pcc&quot; alicubi in hac Vicipaedia per quam statuitur titulum huius articuli. Sed nescio, et &quot;bzgrep&quot; iterum inutilis est.

Estne methodus inventionis talium &quot;titulorum articulorum nondum existentium&quot;? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 04:47, 30 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

: Formula {{fsn|pcc}} nescit quod nomen Latinum novae paginae (“nexui rubro”) assignandum sit, istud erit tibi eligendum. Ad formulam adhibendam tibi sufficiet titulum Latinum et linguā aliā scribere. E.g.:
:: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{subst:pcc|en=Partially ordered set|Aggregatio partim ordinata}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: ↳ {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}
: Aut, si vis, potes autem tesseram Vicidatorum praebere:
:: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{subst:pcc|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: ↳ {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}
: Non exstat ullus index paginarum creandarum. Nomina inveniuntur simul ac paginae creantur. Attamen, si quis paginam “Aggregatio partim ordinat'''issima'''” postea creet at ad [[:d:Q474715]] eam nectat, pagina ubi nexus ruber “Aggregatio partim ordinata” ostendebatur nunc ad paginam “Aggregatio partim ordinatissima” nectetur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 06:13, 30 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Quomodo citare librum, quod numerum librarium uniformem inter gentes caret? ==

[[Cancellum (mathematica)|Hac pagina]] conor citare librum quoddam, sed caret ISBN/NLUIG. Habet tamen numerum Catalogii Librarii Congressus (LCCN), sed nescio quomodo hanc numerum affigere rei citatae.

Multas habeo gratias pro auxilio vestro! --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 02:09, 18 Maii 2026 (UTC)

== Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet? ==
Salvete omnes! Hic scribo nec in [[Disputatio:Natio|pagina disputationis]] quod hoc verbum in multis commentariis est. Secundum [https://archive.org/details/practicalint00arno/page/41/mode/1up librum Arnoldi] “Natio is rarely used of a civilised and organised nation ; it means a people, or tribe, sprung from one race, of the same blood (nascor).” Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary Latin-English English-Latin” natio significat “a tribe, race, people, esp. uncivilized”, et verbum Anglicum nation significat “populus, gens (=people, stock), civitas (=body of citizens), respublica (=state), natio (=tribe, not highly civilized)”. Liber Arnoldi quoque monet ut iis vocabulis Latinis utamur. Commentarius [[Natio|natio]] illud Ciceronis habet: “Omnēs nātiōnēs servitūtem ferre possunt, nostra cīvitās nōn potest; …” in quo orator optimus populum Romanum a nationibus distinguet. Quid vobis videtur de hac re? Valete! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 20:58, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)

:Haec &quot;natio&quot; a primis temporibus Vicipaediae originem obscuram ducit, mihi non placet, sed permulta corrigenda sunt, si eam mutare volumus. Civitas (de civibus), civitas sui iuris? [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 22:09, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:: Aut etiam possibile est dicere, etiam secundum linguas recentiores, ipsam notionem “nationis” quodammodo “civitati” adversari. Id est, sunt qui putent, etiam linguis hodiernis, “nationem” (Anglice ''nation'', Italice ''nazione'', et cetera) semper aliquid minus civile quam “civitatem” (Anglice ''state'', Italice ''Stato'', et cetera), immo vero tribale, significare. Cum hoc tamen concordo, paginam illam nimis veterem esse atque redintegrandam. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:41, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::Melius est quaedam omittere quam nihil corrigere. Video nos habere commentarios qui vocantur [[Civitas]] (Ang. [[w:en:State (polity)]]), [[Gens]] (Ang. [[w:en:Gens]], nescio cur hic commentarius Latine non sit solis de gentibus Romanis), [[Populus]] (Ang. [[w:en:People]]), [[Res publica]] (Ang. [[w:en:Republic]]), et [[Tribus (anthropologia)]] ([[w:en:Tribe]]). Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary”, tribus significat”originally a third part if the Roman people. Hence a tribe, a division of the Roman people …”. Hoc dictionarium monet ut verbo “natio” vel verbo “gens” utamur si scribere “tribe” velimus nec de tribubus Romanis scribamus. Vero non possum novum nomen commentarii [[Natio]] commendare quod nescio cur vikipedia tot commentarios habeat. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 14:38, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
::::Pagina non est delenda, si hoc consulis. &quot;Natio&quot; [http://lexica.linguax.com/forc2.php?searchedLG=natio verbum est Latinum], cur id ne explicemus. Si nexum intervicialem ad paginam Anglicam male congruere putas, ita est, non perfectissime congruit. Sed cum de notionibus abstractis agitur, nexus interviciales saepius tales sunt. Hoc malum in Vicipaediα inevitabile est et hoc non est malum, si res explicatur. Paginae ipsius loca quaedam corrigenda est, Ciceronis interpretatio mutanda, et, quod maxime interest, inter [[Specialis:Nexus_ad_paginam/Natio|nexus ad eam]] hi multi corrigendi sunt, ubi &quot;natio&quot; in modum Anglicum civitatem sui iuris significat. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 18:22, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::Pagina scilicet delenda non est. Vidi paginas in Vikipedia Hebraica et Ucrainica ad paginam Anglicam bene congruere nec nostram paginam. Natio est verbum Latinum, cuius sensu Latino uti debemus, nec sensi Anglico. Delere nolo sed mutare et fortasse movere. Eo consilio hunc sermonem coepi ut sensibus Latinis verborum uteremur. Vero nescio cur Vikipedia Anglica tot paginas habeat et quid sit discrimen inter “nation” et “state”, propter quod non possum verbum meliorum commendare. Potestne pagina Anglica nostrae paginae [[Natio]] esse [[w:en:Tribe]]? Tribus quoque verbum Latinum est sed secundum dictionarium non idem significat et verbum Anglicum tribe. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:24, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::: ''Tribus'' est quaedam divisio populi, non tota natio ([https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=tribus]). Possum falli, sed secundum illam Ciceronis sententiam (“Omnēs nātiōnēs servitūtem ferre possunt …”) mihi videtur praecipua differentia inter ''civitatem'' et ''nationem'' hoc esse, quod ''civitas'' rem publicam civium significat, ''nationes'' autem alios populos tamquam gentes spectatos. Ita ''civitas'' erat Roma, ''nationes'' erant ceteri populi. P.S. {{*Cfr}} etiam “eruditissima illa Graecorum natio” (Cic.). Nam Graecis erat una natio sed plures civitates. Hoc usu vocabulum mihi videtur fere eodem sensu adhiberi ac in linguis hodiernis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 23:07, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::Nexus interviciales perutiles sunt (ad minimum, lectores novos nobis dirigunt!) sed non nos regunt. Omnis lingua, sicut [[civitas sui iuris]], libera est. Debemus (1) verba Latina Latinitate classica definire (2) alia verba quibus significationes cognatae sunt (e.g. gens, tribus, civitas) distinguere, nexibus datis (3) significationes apud Latinistas recentiores explicare, si differunt (4) praeter alia, de re principali pellucide disserere.
:::::::Cicero his verbis, ''omnes nationes servitutem fere possunt: nostra civitas non potest'' (Phil. 10.10.20) inter ''nationes'' et ''nostram civitatem'' quoquomodo distinguere videtur ... sed alibi ''omnes &lt;u&gt;exteras&lt;/u&gt; nationes'' et ''eruditissimam Graecorum nationem'' indicat (Imp. Pomp. 11.31; De Or. 2.4.18) -- unde intellego, apud Ciceronem, plures ''nationes'' exstitisse tam sub imperio S.P.Q.R. quam extra limites. Ex his sententiis, si volumus, inter civitatem et nationem facile erit distinguere: sed inter ''populos'' et ''nationes'' ...? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:06, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::Nolite oblivisci ''gentes''&amp;thinsp;! Cassell's nobis dicit (p. 742) ''international law'' locutionem Anglicam nostra lingua esse ''ius gentium,'' ac Traupman (ed. 3, p. 575) nobis dicit ''international'' ipsum verbum Anglicum esse ''inter gentes.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:12, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::Sententias vestras perlegi et commentarium inveni [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311975311_On_the_Roman_Concept_of_Natio “On the Roman Concept of Natio”] quem quoque legi, et iam intellego quanta difficilis sit haec res. In libro Arnoldi et in dictionario legi nationem esse “esp. uncivilized”, nec autores Romanos scripisisse Nationem Romanam. Putavi nationem esse tribe nec unquam civilised nation. Iam nesio a bonus sit hic nexus. Veritus sum ne homines dum Latine scribebant solis nexibus uterentur, nec deliberarent quid sit verbum optimum. De pagina nostra [[Respublica]] vos consulere quoque volo. Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary” “'''republic''' ''respublica'', ''civitas'' (= state, simply): a —, as opp. to other forms of government, ''respublica'' (or ''civitas''” ''libera'' or ''popularis''.” Respublica et civitas idem significare mihi videntur. Nonne melius est movere hanc paginam ut novem nomen sit Respublica popularis? Haec res non est solo de nexu sed quoque de ipsa pagina. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:38, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Fortasse, sed iam est commentarius de &quot;People's republic&quot; in vicipaedia Anglica. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:31, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::: De differentia inter ''gentem'' et ''nationem'' conferatur etiam {{LTL|natio|335}}: “A ''gente'' aliquando ita differt, ut genus a specie: ''gens'' enim latius patet, et plures nationes complectitur, ut ''gens'' Graeca habet Atticos, Boeotos, Thebanos, qui ejusdem gentis nationes sunt.” Saepissime tamen gens et natio sunt synonyma. @[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]]: Graeci non erant “uncivilized”, attamen erant natio vel plures nationes. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:53, 2 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Multae paginae in Vicipaedia connexae sunt; ''United Nations'' vertitur ut [[Nationes Unitae]], multis cum fontibus (duabus encyclicis aliisque). Hoc mutare nequimus, et pagina de [[natio]]ne nec huic sensui contradicere debet; haec causa, cur paginae Anglicae '&quot;Nation&quot; ceterisque de hac natione moderna narrantibus alliganda sit. Sed de pagina [[Nationes mundi]], exempli gratia, iam dubito, et &quot;civitates mundi&quot; nationibus praeferam, [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 20:50, 4 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::Iam intellego. Huic sensu, quo utuntur encyclici, contradicere scilicet nequimus. Gratias omnibus vobis ago quia mihi hanc rem explanavistis. 
:::::::::::{{ping|Grufo}}, Quaesivi nec inveni ubi Cicero nationem Graecam scripserit. Testimonium encyclicorum mihi videtur bonum esse, scire tamen volo ubi orator optimus his verbis usus sit. 
:::::::::::Valete. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 21:14, 5 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::: @[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]]: {{Op|[[De oratore]]}}, {{Vf|De oratore/Liber II|18|2.4.18}}: “eruditissima illa Graecorum natio”. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:09, 5 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::::Gratias tibi ago! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:45, 7 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::De commentario qui [[Nationes mundi]] (Anglice [[w:en:List of sovereign states|List of sovereign states]]) vocatur, nonne melius nomen est “''Index civitatum sui iuris''”? 
:::::::::::Vide commentarios:
:::::::::::* [[Civitas sui iuris]]
:::::::::::* [[Index communium Badeniae et Virtembergiae]]
:::::::::::* [[Index urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]]
:::::::::::* [[Index fluviorum Germaniae]]
:::::::::::* [[Index asteroidum]]
:::::::::::* [[Index siglorum ordinum ecclesiae catholicae]]
:::::::::::Hic commentarius est index. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 16:50, 9 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::::Sic, [[Index civitatum sui iuris]] bonum nomen est, multae paginae huius generis in Vicipaedia Latina &quot;indices&quot; nominantur. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 19:47, 9 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::::Vobis consentio. Hanc paginam satis antiquam renominare oportet. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:39, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::::::Utrum possumus paginam renominate an oportet [[Formula:Movenda]] utere? -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:21, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC)</text>
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== De paginis nimis magnis quae formulā {{[[Formula:Augenda|Augenda]]}} utuntur ==
In [[:Categoria:Corrigenda|Categoriam:Corrigenda]] plures subcategoriae formulā {{Fn|Augenda}} stipantur (e.g. [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Februario 2023]], [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Ianuario 2024]], [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Decembri 2025]], et cetera). Inspiciens, multas harum paginarum invenii quae longiores sunt 1000 octobitis (e.g. [[Graecia archaica]]: 2928 octobiti). Quid censeatis si mechanema cum monitu in formulam {{Fn|Augenda}} inseram, ne in paginis longioribus quam 1000 octobitorum adhibeatur? Nam si pagina est satis longa, vanum est legentes monere paginam intra tres menses esse augendam. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:30, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:Pagina de [[Graecia archaica]] (#1) lemmate proprio, (#2) definitione idonea, et (#3) fonte externo caret, et omnis Vicipadia ut videtur (#4) nexibus ad hanc paginam ducentibus caret. That's all four of the formula's four criteria. ¶ For the difference between a stub and more-than-a-stub, the cutoff I've been using has been 2,000 octeti for general articles and 1,900 for articles with a taxobox. I don't recall a consensus on that limit, but articles having 4,000, 5,000, 6,000 octeti have been marked &quot;stipula&quot;; that's likely too high a limit, and I'd suggest that 2,000 (or possibly your 1,000) is a more defensible upper limit for stubs. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 03:15, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::For example, just today, someone added &quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{urbs-stipula}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot; to the article on [[Barcino]], which already had more than 3,500 octeti! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:04, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::: ''Stipulae'' are not problematic from an administrative point of view, because in theory they can remain as such forever. Barcellona is an important city with a lot of history that can be written in an encyclopedia, it can be understandable if someone feels that the current page can be greatly improved. Instead, what scares me about the {{Fn|Augenda}} template is that it is not only an invitation to improve pages, it also asks us to delete pages after three months (which is why it should be used with care). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 15:57, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::::Then why not change the verb from ''will'' to ''may'' or introduce some other indication of indeterminacy? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:31, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC) 
:: [[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobus]], we can set any limit we want, but what I think makes little sense is saying that a page must be increased within three months, but then after three months nothing happens and the categories above keep growing. We must set a realistic (relatively low) threshold and then, after that, be ready to '''delete''' the pages that do not respect our threshold (in [[Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium 35#De novo spatio nominali adumbrationum proponendo|another thread]] I had proposed the &lt;code&gt;adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace where after three months all these “augenda” pages can be moved, but that is a separate topic). A page like [[Graecia archaica]] only needs relatively little work to be adjusted—certainly does not deserve to be deleted. What I want to stress here is that every time you add {{Fn|Augenda}} to a page you are basically saying “If the page stays like this, I am okay if after three months it gets deleted”. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 03:58, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::That's correct, but I heartily endorse a separate namespace, a kind of purgatory, where such pages can go until they've become worthy of standing in the mainspace. As a rule, I don't work on formulas, so I likely had nothing to do with the wording of this one, but three months must have been the original consensus. If memory serves, @Andrew Dalby and perhaps others have occasionally enforced the three-month rule, though sometimes after well more than three months have elapsed. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:08, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::: Intellego. Novum spatium nominale a “Phabricatore” petiturus sum. Quid censeres si in paginis amplioribus (e.g. inter 2000 et 1000) formulā {{Fn|Nondum stipula}} (quae nullam categoriam cum tempore praefinito imponit) pro formulā {{Fn|Augenda}} utereris? Aut aliam novam formulam quoque nobis excogitare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:57, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
::::: {{Tpe|Nova}} Hic nuper petivi ut novum spatium nominale adumbrationum crearetur: [[phab:T418706|New “Draft” namespace for lawiki: “Adumbratio”]]. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:01, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:::::: {{Tpe|Novissima}} Euax! Spatium nominale adumbrationum [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|habemus]]! Textus paginae [[MediaWiki:Noarticletext]] nobis sic mutandus est ut adumbrationes, si exsistunt, detegantur. Postea aliquid excogitabo. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:34, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC)
@[[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobe]]: What would you think if we created a &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; template, and established that when we find a page that was created more than three months ago (e.g. [[Agrinium]], created in 2004!), instead of {{Fn|Augenda}} we add the new template instead? The &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; template could look more or less like this:

{{Capsa annuntiationis
	| color = #7f83d7
	| pigmentum = #f3f4fb
	| imago = P writing.svg
	| 1 =

'''Commentationem neglectam augeamus!'''

Haec commentatio longe neglecta videtur mansa esse. Sodes, adiuva paginam augere!

}}

We can then have [[:Categoria:Paginae neglectae]], where all these pages will be automatically collected. I am proposing this because I think that it makes little sense to warn that a page that was created 22 years ago must be improved within three months! It will be an empty warning. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 08:40, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:That might be useful. How would it differ from the Adumbratio solution? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:01, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:: Following [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio|the rules]] that I partly translated from English Wikipedia, we must not move pages that were created long ago to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace. So the picture should look as follows:
::* '''Case 1:''' The page is is too short and was recently created. We have three possibilities:
::*# We improve it (prefereable solution)
::*# We move it to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace (less prefereable than improving the page but more prefearable than the following)
::*# We add {{Fn|Augenda}} (less prefereable)
::*#: ↳ If three months after adding {{Fn|Augenda}} nothing has changed we delete the page for real
::* '''Case 2:''' The page is too short and was created more than three months ago. Two possibilities:
::*# We improve it (prefereable solution)
::*# We have no other choice but adding &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::*#: ↳ We must take into account that the page might stay like that indefinitely
::* '''Case 3:''' The page was in the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace and was moved to the main namespace prematurely:
::*# We add {{Fn|Augenda}}
::*#: ↳ If after three months nothing has changed we delete the page for real
:: The rationale is that pages that are too old might no longer have someone that checks them and is able to fulfill our expectations. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 12:42, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)

== De novo spatio adumbrationum ==
{{Collaboratio|Alex1011|Alexander Gerashchenko|Amahoney|Andreas Raether|Andrew Dalby|Aylin|Bartholomite|Bis-Taurinus|Demetrius Talpa|Giorno2|IacobusAmor|Ioscius|Iustinus|Lesgles|LilyKitty|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Neander|Pippobuono|Rafaelgarcia|Sigur|Utilo|UV|Xaverius
	| alacres = IacobusAmor
	| alacritas = mensis
	| res = Magistratūs usoresque strenuos vocavi. Veniam peto si alicuius oblitus sum.
	| subscriptio = [[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:43, 3 Martii 2026 (UTC)
}}

Nuper novum spatium nominale &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; condidimus. Nunc oportet regulas nostras definire. Apud [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] paginam Anglicam [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts]] partim verti, sed de nostra propria ratione consentiendum est.

Notandum est Vicipaediam Anglicam [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts#Reasons not to move an article to draftspace|regulam habere]] qua vetatur paginam in spatio principali sitam in spatium adumbrationum movere “si commentatio ante plus quam 90 dies creata est”. Re quidem vera, nuper paginam [[Alkinum]] ad [[Adumbratio:Alkinum]] movi (praesertim ad lineamenta technica novi spatii nominalis experienda), attamen mihi visum est parum rectum paginam anno 2006 creatam (et [[Vicipaedia:Paginae quas omnibus Vicipaediis contineri oportet/Expansio#Materies chemicales|quam omnibus Vicipaediis contineri oportet]]!) ibi movere.

Quo facto suasus sum ut nobis vetandum sit formulam {{Fn|Augenda}} paginis ante plus quam tres menses creatis addere. Nam, si pagina nimis brevis olim creata est et usque talis mansit, si nos eam negleximus nec animadvertimus nisi nunc, meā sententiā duae optiones tantum nobis patent: aut eam relinquimus intactam, aut formulam {{Fn|Delenda}} apponimus.

Ceterum, a vobis peto ut paginam [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] inspiciatis, novas regulas proponatis, aut regulas a me scriptas emendetis.

Valete! --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:43, 3 Martii 2026 (UTC)

==De loco vel gradu Vicipaediae apud Meta==
Does moving articles counted among the 10,000 most important (like 
&quot;[[Alkinum]]&quot; &amp; &quot;[[Oxidum]]&quot;) into the limbo marked by &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Adumbratio}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; and/or &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Neglecta}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; lower Vicipaedia's score at Meta? (Vide [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias_by_expanded_sample_of_articles|&quot;List of Wikipedias by expanded sample of articles&quot;].) In other words, do they need to remain in the mainspace to boost Vicipaedia's score? ¶ Ten years ago, in March 2016, Vicipaedia was ranked thirty-ninth among all the wikis; at the end of last month, it was ranked fifty-second. This is not an encouraging trend, and deliberately accelerating it might not be considered advisable. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:52, 12 Martii 2026 (UTC)
: Hi Iacobus. Moving pages to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace definitely counts as removing them from the encyclopedia. Adding {{Fn|Pagina neglecta}} (or any other template) instead has no effects. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:09, 12 Martii 2026 (UTC)
::&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ping|IacobusAmor}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;, is there a page that specifies the number of articles from this list that we have? -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:47, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::{{ping|IacobusAmor}}, idk why my previous ping got wrapped by nowiki. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:48, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::Ecce (but it needs to be updated): https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usor:Amahoney/Myrias_epitome [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:04, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::So, as Grufo says, moving one of the &quot;10,000&quot; pages into Adumbratio space removes it from the encyclopedia and from the score that Iacobus mentions. In the case of a page in that list, maybe it's better for it to be in mainspace, with a warning template (''neglecta/augenda/...'') on it? If it's in mainspace, more editors might see it and be tempted to improve it. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:29, 14 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::: Hi Andrew. Indeed. When I created the page [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] by (partially) translating [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts]], I also translated the rule that a page can be moved away from the mainspace to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace only if it is a newly created page (&lt; 90 days). So pages that have long been among our 10000 pages are safe. P.S. The rules in [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] still need our consensus, so if you have time, please give that page a look. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:58, 14 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Template:Weather box ==
{{Excepta|Vicipaedia:Officina|Template:Weather box|Locus opportunior --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}}

== Quid significat expectatio vacuae mutationis? ==

Dicitur in pagina [[Topologia classium punctorum]] quod &quot;Haec pagina mutationem vacuam expectat&quot;. Et rogat me, &quot;nihil tangens&quot;, sibi ostendere mutationes.

Ad quem dirigitur haec monitio, et quas mutationes oportet eum sibi ostendere? Non intelligo. [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 04:29, 19 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

: Salve, [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]. Illa icon significat vicitextum &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatium topologicum|spatia topologica|en|qid=Q179899}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; ad hunc vicitextum, si paginam emendas, sponte mutatum iri: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;[[Spatium topologicum|spatia topologica]]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; (vide [[Special:Diff/3954206/3955454|meam ultimam recensionem]] et documentationem formulae {{fsn|pcc}}), quoniam nunc [[Spatium topologicum|paginam]] habemus quae cum entitate Vicidatorum [[:d:Q179899]] nectitur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 04:44, 19 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::Gratias habeo—mirum tamen mihi videtur, quod substitutio &quot;cref&quot; tantum unam tesseram (siquidem recte lexi) sumat ut argumentum. Quomodo ergo facio, si notam duos habeat nexus ad paginas creatas?--[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:29, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::: Immo, infinitatem tesserarum formula {{fsn|cref}} accipit. Vide, exempli gratia, hanc annotationem in pagina “[[Carpates]]”, ubi sunt ambae entitates [[:d:Q6776713]] et [[:d:Q11699202]]:
:::: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{safesubst:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|1={{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Martinus Szent-Ivany|Martini Szent-Ivany|hu|qid=Q6776713}} [...] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Gabriel Rzaczynski|Gabrielis Rzączyński|pl|qid=Q11699202}} [...]|2=Q6776713|3=Q11699202}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: Vide etiam {{Caput|Formula:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|Quomodo tesseram invenio?}}. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:43, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Annon corrigere possumus titulos &quot;instrumentorum&quot;? ==

Exempli gratia: video unum &quot;instrumentum&quot; appellari &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. Videtur mihi hic titulus mendam habere et corrigi posse accentus acutus ad macron. Sed nescio utrum corrigibilis sit ab usoribus. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:47, 24 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
: Salve [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]. Usoribus non licet [[Specialis:Nuntia systematis|nuntia systematis]] recensere (vide etiam &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[{{fullurl:Special:Allpages|namespace=8}} spatium “&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:&lt;/code&gt;”]&lt;/span&gt;), sed usores possunt a magistratibus petere ut nuntia recenseant (et multa nuntia exstant quae meliora facere aut etiam omnino vertere oportet!). Non invenio ubi “Paginam prehendere formá PDF” iaceat; fortasse @[[Usor:UV|UV]] adiuvare potest. P.S. “accentus acutus” revera est [[Apex (orthographia Latina)|apex]], forma antiquior [[macron|macri]]; attamen concordo uniformia signa diacritica nobis esse sequenda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:42, 24 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::Non potest prehendere paginas disputationum formā PDF. Sed paginas encyclopediae possumus; e.g. [[Macron]]. At ibi apparet &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 02:04, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::: Nexum video, sed quid nuntium gignat non invenio. Exempli gratia, [[MediaWiki:Contributions|haec pagina]] nuntium “User contributions” ad nuntium Latinum “Conlationes usoris” vertit; sed quid vertit “Download PDF” ad “Paginam prehendere formá PDF”? Nescio. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:44, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::Ignosce inclaritatem meam—sed prime (ut ita dicam) &quot;Instrumenta&quot; et videbis instrumentorum titulos. Titulus primus (ut mihi ostenduntur) est &quot;Movere&quot;; titulus novissimus est &quot;Res Wikidata&quot;; et unus titulorum est &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:46, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::: @[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]: Ut dixi, oculis meis textum video, sed ignoro e qua pagina aut e quo nuntio systematis oriatur. Nequeo textum corrigere si nescio quid mihi sit emendandum. Conatus sum aliqua similia nuntia vertere ([[MediaWiki:Wikisource-download-pdf|#1]], [[MediaWiki:Minerva-download|#2]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-print-text|#3]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-download-label|#4]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-special-page-headline|#5]]), sed nuntium quod quaeris non inveni. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:54, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::bzgrep utebar perlegere totam Vicipaediam Latinam; non tamen inveni.  Mirum! --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:25, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::: @[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]: Potesne, quaeso, etiam situm https://translatewiki.net/ per “bzgrep” inspicere? Etiam illic non inveni textum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:28, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::[https://translatewiki.net/wiki/MediaWiki:Coll-download_as/la Fontem] inveni huius textus, non autem bzgrep utens. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:12, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::: Gratias tibi ago. Correxi. Post paucos dies abhinc nova translatio etiam in Vicipaedia Latina ostendetur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:34, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Fortasse nostis [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki?uselang=qqx hunc nexum] per quem tandem inveni. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:37, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Regula generalis de intellegentia artificiali ==
[[:meta:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|Apud MetaVici disputatur]] utrum regula generalis de intellegentiae artificialis usu introducenda sit necne. Quum etiam nos tanget, vos hortor ut sententias vestras feratis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:42, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

:Non penitus intelligo quomodo nos tangeat. Annon iam habemus regulam de plasmatibus (ut ita dicam) linguarum? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:50, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:: Regulae globales omnes Vicipaedias afficiunt, atque illa regula proponitur globalis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:56, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::Gratias habeo; nonne autem, si Vicipaedia Latina haberet regulam, supersedeat regulam generalem? Et simili modo respectu aliarum Vicipaediarum? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:01, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::: Non sum certus, sed timeo ne regulae globales vincant. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:05, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::Ita; intelligo. Scisne utrum restrictionem an laxationem habeat favorem iuris? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:12, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::: Apud Vicipaediam Latinam nulla est regula scripta; paginae tamen quae omnino intellegentiā artificiali sine ulla humana recensione vertuntur pittacio {{Fn|Pagina autotranslata}} signantur atque post unam hebdomadam delentur. Prima regula globalis proposita mihi videtur hoc tantum postulare, ut, ''praeter translationes'', usus intellegentiae artificialis aperte declaretur. Altera autem regula globalis vetat intellegentiā artificiali ūtī ''nisi in translationibus''. Meā sententiā, hoc nobis incommodum contrarium efficit, quia hic magnopere laboramus ad translationes machinarias moderandas; alii autem usūs intellegentiae artificialis nobis non sunt incommodo. Non puto magni rēferre usum ipsum declarare, sed potius oportere responsa intellegentiae artificialis diligenter inspicere ac recensere. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:45, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Quomodo melius invenire titula proposita pro articulo nondum existente? ==

Volui creare articulum pro &quot;poset&quot; (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q474715).

Scio, quod est formula &quot;subst:pcc&quot; alicubi in hac Vicipaedia per quam statuitur titulum huius articuli. Sed nescio, et &quot;bzgrep&quot; iterum inutilis est.

Estne methodus inventionis talium &quot;titulorum articulorum nondum existentium&quot;? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 04:47, 30 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

: Formula {{fsn|pcc}} nescit quod nomen Latinum novae paginae (“nexui rubro”) assignandum sit, istud erit tibi eligendum. Ad formulam adhibendam tibi sufficiet titulum Latinum et linguā aliā scribere. E.g.:
:: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{subst:pcc|en=Partially ordered set|Aggregatio partim ordinata}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: ↳ {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}
: Aut, si vis, potes autem tesseram Vicidatorum praebere:
:: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{subst:pcc|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: ↳ {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}
: Non exstat ullus index paginarum creandarum. Nomina inveniuntur simul ac paginae creantur. Attamen, si quis paginam “Aggregatio partim ordinat'''issima'''” postea creet at ad [[:d:Q474715]] eam nectat, pagina ubi nexus ruber “Aggregatio partim ordinata” ostendebatur nunc ad paginam “Aggregatio partim ordinatissima” nectetur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 06:13, 30 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Quomodo citare librum, quod numerum librarium uniformem inter gentes caret? ==

[[Cancellum (mathematica)|Hac pagina]] conor citare librum quoddam, sed caret ISBN/NLUIG. Habet tamen numerum Catalogii Librarii Congressus (LCCN), sed nescio quomodo hanc numerum affigere rei citatae.

Multas habeo gratias pro auxilio vestro! --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 02:09, 18 Maii 2026 (UTC)

== Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet? ==
Salvete omnes! Hic scribo nec in [[Disputatio:Natio|pagina disputationis]] quod hoc verbum in multis commentariis est. Secundum [https://archive.org/details/practicalint00arno/page/41/mode/1up librum Arnoldi] “Natio is rarely used of a civilised and organised nation ; it means a people, or tribe, sprung from one race, of the same blood (nascor).” Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary Latin-English English-Latin” natio significat “a tribe, race, people, esp. uncivilized”, et verbum Anglicum nation significat “populus, gens (=people, stock), civitas (=body of citizens), respublica (=state), natio (=tribe, not highly civilized)”. Liber Arnoldi quoque monet ut iis vocabulis Latinis utamur. Commentarius [[Natio|natio]] illud Ciceronis habet: “Omnēs nātiōnēs servitūtem ferre possunt, nostra cīvitās nōn potest; …” in quo orator optimus populum Romanum a nationibus distinguet. Quid vobis videtur de hac re? Valete! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 20:58, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)

:Haec &quot;natio&quot; a primis temporibus Vicipaediae originem obscuram ducit, mihi non placet, sed permulta corrigenda sunt, si eam mutare volumus. Civitas (de civibus), civitas sui iuris? [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 22:09, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:: Aut etiam possibile est dicere, etiam secundum linguas recentiores, ipsam notionem “nationis” quodammodo “civitati” adversari. Id est, sunt qui putent, etiam linguis hodiernis, “nationem” (Anglice ''nation'', Italice ''nazione'', et cetera) semper aliquid minus civile quam “civitatem” (Anglice ''state'', Italice ''Stato'', et cetera), immo vero tribale, significare. Cum hoc tamen concordo, paginam illam nimis veterem esse atque redintegrandam. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:41, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::Melius est quaedam omittere quam nihil corrigere. Video nos habere commentarios qui vocantur [[Civitas]] (Ang. [[w:en:State (polity)]]), [[Gens]] (Ang. [[w:en:Gens]], nescio cur hic commentarius Latine non sit solis de gentibus Romanis), [[Populus]] (Ang. [[w:en:People]]), [[Res publica]] (Ang. [[w:en:Republic]]), et [[Tribus (anthropologia)]] ([[w:en:Tribe]]). Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary”, tribus significat”originally a third part if the Roman people. Hence a tribe, a division of the Roman people …”. Hoc dictionarium monet ut verbo “natio” vel verbo “gens” utamur si scribere “tribe” velimus nec de tribubus Romanis scribamus. Vero non possum novum nomen commentarii [[Natio]] commendare quod nescio cur vikipedia tot commentarios habeat. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 14:38, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
::::Pagina non est delenda, si hoc consulis. &quot;Natio&quot; [http://lexica.linguax.com/forc2.php?searchedLG=natio verbum est Latinum], cur id ne explicemus. Si nexum intervicialem ad paginam Anglicam male congruere putas, ita est, non perfectissime congruit. Sed cum de notionibus abstractis agitur, nexus interviciales saepius tales sunt. Hoc malum in Vicipaediα inevitabile est et hoc non est malum, si res explicatur. Paginae ipsius loca quaedam corrigenda est, Ciceronis interpretatio mutanda, et, quod maxime interest, inter [[Specialis:Nexus_ad_paginam/Natio|nexus ad eam]] hi multi corrigendi sunt, ubi &quot;natio&quot; in modum Anglicum civitatem sui iuris significat. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 18:22, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::Pagina scilicet delenda non est. Vidi paginas in Vikipedia Hebraica et Ucrainica ad paginam Anglicam bene congruere nec nostram paginam. Natio est verbum Latinum, cuius sensu Latino uti debemus, nec sensi Anglico. Delere nolo sed mutare et fortasse movere. Eo consilio hunc sermonem coepi ut sensibus Latinis verborum uteremur. Vero nescio cur Vikipedia Anglica tot paginas habeat et quid sit discrimen inter “nation” et “state”, propter quod non possum verbum meliorum commendare. Potestne pagina Anglica nostrae paginae [[Natio]] esse [[w:en:Tribe]]? Tribus quoque verbum Latinum est sed secundum dictionarium non idem significat et verbum Anglicum tribe. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:24, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::: ''Tribus'' est quaedam divisio populi, non tota natio ([https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=tribus]). Possum falli, sed secundum illam Ciceronis sententiam (“Omnēs nātiōnēs servitūtem ferre possunt …”) mihi videtur praecipua differentia inter ''civitatem'' et ''nationem'' hoc esse, quod ''civitas'' rem publicam civium significat, ''nationes'' autem alios populos tamquam gentes spectatos. Ita ''civitas'' erat Roma, ''nationes'' erant ceteri populi. P.S. {{*Cfr}} etiam “eruditissima illa Graecorum natio” (Cic.). Nam Graecis erat una natio sed plures civitates. Hoc usu vocabulum mihi videtur fere eodem sensu adhiberi ac in linguis hodiernis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 23:07, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::Nexus interviciales perutiles sunt (ad minimum, lectores novos nobis dirigunt!) sed non nos regunt. Omnis lingua, sicut [[civitas sui iuris]], libera est. Debemus (1) verba Latina Latinitate classica definire (2) alia verba quibus significationes cognatae sunt (e.g. gens, tribus, civitas) distinguere, nexibus datis (3) significationes apud Latinistas recentiores explicare, si differunt (4) praeter alia, de re principali pellucide disserere.
:::::::Cicero his verbis, ''omnes nationes servitutem fere possunt: nostra civitas non potest'' (Phil. 10.10.20) inter ''nationes'' et ''nostram civitatem'' quoquomodo distinguere videtur ... sed alibi ''omnes &lt;u&gt;exteras&lt;/u&gt; nationes'' et ''eruditissimam Graecorum nationem'' indicat (Imp. Pomp. 11.31; De Or. 2.4.18) -- unde intellego, apud Ciceronem, plures ''nationes'' exstitisse tam sub imperio S.P.Q.R. quam extra limites. Ex his sententiis, si volumus, inter civitatem et nationem facile erit distinguere: sed inter ''populos'' et ''nationes'' ...? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:06, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::Nolite oblivisci ''gentes''&amp;thinsp;! Cassell's nobis dicit (p. 742) ''international law'' locutionem Anglicam nostra lingua esse ''ius gentium,'' ac Traupman (ed. 3, p. 575) nobis dicit ''international'' ipsum verbum Anglicum esse ''inter gentes.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:12, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::Sententias vestras perlegi et commentarium inveni [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311975311_On_the_Roman_Concept_of_Natio “On the Roman Concept of Natio”] quem quoque legi, et iam intellego quanta difficilis sit haec res. In libro Arnoldi et in dictionario legi nationem esse “esp. uncivilized”, nec autores Romanos scripisisse Nationem Romanam. Putavi nationem esse tribe nec unquam civilised nation. Iam nesio a bonus sit hic nexus. Veritus sum ne homines dum Latine scribebant solis nexibus uterentur, nec deliberarent quid sit verbum optimum. De pagina nostra [[Respublica]] vos consulere quoque volo. Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary” “'''republic''' ''respublica'', ''civitas'' (= state, simply): a —, as opp. to other forms of government, ''respublica'' (or ''civitas''” ''libera'' or ''popularis''.” Respublica et civitas idem significare mihi videntur. Nonne melius est movere hanc paginam ut novem nomen sit Respublica popularis? Haec res non est solo de nexu sed quoque de ipsa pagina. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:38, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Fortasse, sed iam est commentarius de &quot;People's republic&quot; in vicipaedia Anglica. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:31, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::: De differentia inter ''gentem'' et ''nationem'' conferatur etiam {{LTL|natio|335}}: “A ''gente'' aliquando ita differt, ut genus a specie: ''gens'' enim latius patet, et plures nationes complectitur, ut ''gens'' Graeca habet Atticos, Boeotos, Thebanos, qui ejusdem gentis nationes sunt.” Saepissime tamen gens et natio sunt synonyma. @[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]]: Graeci non erant “uncivilized”, attamen erant natio vel plures nationes. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:53, 2 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Multae paginae in Vicipaedia connexae sunt; ''United Nations'' vertitur ut [[Nationes Unitae]], multis cum fontibus (duabus encyclicis aliisque). Hoc mutare nequimus, et pagina de [[natio]]ne nec huic sensui contradicere debet; haec causa, cur paginae Anglicae '&quot;Nation&quot; ceterisque de hac natione moderna narrantibus alliganda sit. Sed de pagina [[Nationes mundi]], exempli gratia, iam dubito, et &quot;civitates mundi&quot; nationibus praeferam, [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 20:50, 4 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::Iam intellego. Huic sensu, quo utuntur encyclici, contradicere scilicet nequimus. Gratias omnibus vobis ago quia mihi hanc rem explanavistis. 
:::::::::::{{ping|Grufo}}, Quaesivi nec inveni ubi Cicero nationem Graecam scripserit. Testimonium encyclicorum mihi videtur bonum esse, scire tamen volo ubi orator optimus his verbis usus sit. 
:::::::::::Valete. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 21:14, 5 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::: @[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]]: {{Op|[[De oratore]]}}, {{Vf|De oratore/Liber II|18|2.4.18}}: “eruditissima illa Graecorum natio”. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:09, 5 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::::Gratias tibi ago! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:45, 7 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::De commentario qui [[Nationes mundi]] (Anglice [[w:en:List of sovereign states|List of sovereign states]]) vocatur, nonne melius nomen est “''Index civitatum sui iuris''”? 
:::::::::::Vide commentarios:
:::::::::::* [[Civitas sui iuris]]
:::::::::::* [[Index communium Badeniae et Virtembergiae]]
:::::::::::* [[Index urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]]
:::::::::::* [[Index fluviorum Germaniae]]
:::::::::::* [[Index asteroidum]]
:::::::::::* [[Index siglorum ordinum ecclesiae catholicae]]
:::::::::::Hic commentarius est index. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 16:50, 9 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::::Sic, [[Index civitatum sui iuris]] bonum nomen est, multae paginae huius generis in Vicipaedia Latina &quot;indices&quot; nominantur. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 19:47, 9 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::::Vobis consentio. Hanc paginam satis antiquam renominare oportet. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:39, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::::::Utrum possumus paginam renominate an oportet [[Formula:Movenda]] utere? -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:21, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::::::Formula ad disputandum in pagina disputationis ponitur, sed nunc hic erat disputaio, fornula non necessaria est. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 15:55, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>1w6qe576yq3id1gqckggq09lwe95l70</sha1>
    </revision>
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        <username>Grufo</username>
        <id>64423</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet? */ Paginam movi</comment>
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== De paginis nimis magnis quae formulā {{[[Formula:Augenda|Augenda]]}} utuntur ==
In [[:Categoria:Corrigenda|Categoriam:Corrigenda]] plures subcategoriae formulā {{Fn|Augenda}} stipantur (e.g. [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Februario 2023]], [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Ianuario 2024]], [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Decembri 2025]], et cetera). Inspiciens, multas harum paginarum invenii quae longiores sunt 1000 octobitis (e.g. [[Graecia archaica]]: 2928 octobiti). Quid censeatis si mechanema cum monitu in formulam {{Fn|Augenda}} inseram, ne in paginis longioribus quam 1000 octobitorum adhibeatur? Nam si pagina est satis longa, vanum est legentes monere paginam intra tres menses esse augendam. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:30, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:Pagina de [[Graecia archaica]] (#1) lemmate proprio, (#2) definitione idonea, et (#3) fonte externo caret, et omnis Vicipadia ut videtur (#4) nexibus ad hanc paginam ducentibus caret. That's all four of the formula's four criteria. ¶ For the difference between a stub and more-than-a-stub, the cutoff I've been using has been 2,000 octeti for general articles and 1,900 for articles with a taxobox. I don't recall a consensus on that limit, but articles having 4,000, 5,000, 6,000 octeti have been marked &quot;stipula&quot;; that's likely too high a limit, and I'd suggest that 2,000 (or possibly your 1,000) is a more defensible upper limit for stubs. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 03:15, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::For example, just today, someone added &quot;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{urbs-stipula}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot; to the article on [[Barcino]], which already had more than 3,500 octeti! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:04, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::: ''Stipulae'' are not problematic from an administrative point of view, because in theory they can remain as such forever. Barcellona is an important city with a lot of history that can be written in an encyclopedia, it can be understandable if someone feels that the current page can be greatly improved. Instead, what scares me about the {{Fn|Augenda}} template is that it is not only an invitation to improve pages, it also asks us to delete pages after three months (which is why it should be used with care). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 15:57, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::::Then why not change the verb from ''will'' to ''may'' or introduce some other indication of indeterminacy? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:31, 28 Februarii 2026 (UTC) 
:: [[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobus]], we can set any limit we want, but what I think makes little sense is saying that a page must be increased within three months, but then after three months nothing happens and the categories above keep growing. We must set a realistic (relatively low) threshold and then, after that, be ready to '''delete''' the pages that do not respect our threshold (in [[Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium 35#De novo spatio nominali adumbrationum proponendo|another thread]] I had proposed the &lt;code&gt;adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace where after three months all these “augenda” pages can be moved, but that is a separate topic). A page like [[Graecia archaica]] only needs relatively little work to be adjusted—certainly does not deserve to be deleted. What I want to stress here is that every time you add {{Fn|Augenda}} to a page you are basically saying “If the page stays like this, I am okay if after three months it gets deleted”. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 03:58, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::That's correct, but I heartily endorse a separate namespace, a kind of purgatory, where such pages can go until they've become worthy of standing in the mainspace. As a rule, I don't work on formulas, so I likely had nothing to do with the wording of this one, but three months must have been the original consensus. If memory serves, @Andrew Dalby and perhaps others have occasionally enforced the three-month rule, though sometimes after well more than three months have elapsed. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:08, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
:::: Intellego. Novum spatium nominale a “Phabricatore” petiturus sum. Quid censeres si in paginis amplioribus (e.g. inter 2000 et 1000) formulā {{Fn|Nondum stipula}} (quae nullam categoriam cum tempore praefinito imponit) pro formulā {{Fn|Augenda}} utereris? Aut aliam novam formulam quoque nobis excogitare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:57, 27 Februarii 2026 (UTC)
::::: {{Tpe|Nova}} Hic nuper petivi ut novum spatium nominale adumbrationum crearetur: [[phab:T418706|New “Draft” namespace for lawiki: “Adumbratio”]]. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:01, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:::::: {{Tpe|Novissima}} Euax! Spatium nominale adumbrationum [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|habemus]]! Textus paginae [[MediaWiki:Noarticletext]] nobis sic mutandus est ut adumbrationes, si exsistunt, detegantur. Postea aliquid excogitabo. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:34, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC)
@[[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobe]]: What would you think if we created a &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; template, and established that when we find a page that was created more than three months ago (e.g. [[Agrinium]], created in 2004!), instead of {{Fn|Augenda}} we add the new template instead? The &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; template could look more or less like this:

{{Capsa annuntiationis
	| color = #7f83d7
	| pigmentum = #f3f4fb
	| imago = P writing.svg
	| 1 =

'''Commentationem neglectam augeamus!'''

Haec commentatio longe neglecta videtur mansa esse. Sodes, adiuva paginam augere!

}}

We can then have [[:Categoria:Paginae neglectae]], where all these pages will be automatically collected. I am proposing this because I think that it makes little sense to warn that a page that was created 22 years ago must be improved within three months! It will be an empty warning. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 08:40, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:That might be useful. How would it differ from the Adumbratio solution? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:01, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)
:: Following [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio|the rules]] that I partly translated from English Wikipedia, we must not move pages that were created long ago to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace. So the picture should look as follows:
::* '''Case 1:''' The page is is too short and was recently created. We have three possibilities:
::*# We improve it (prefereable solution)
::*# We move it to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace (less prefereable than improving the page but more prefearable than the following)
::*# We add {{Fn|Augenda}} (less prefereable)
::*#: ↳ If three months after adding {{Fn|Augenda}} nothing has changed we delete the page for real
::* '''Case 2:''' The page is too short and was created more than three months ago. Two possibilities:
::*# We improve it (prefereable solution)
::*# We have no other choice but adding &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{Pagina neglecta}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::*#: ↳ We must take into account that the page might stay like that indefinitely
::* '''Case 3:''' The page was in the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace and was moved to the main namespace prematurely:
::*# We add {{Fn|Augenda}}
::*#: ↳ If after three months nothing has changed we delete the page for real
:: The rationale is that pages that are too old might no longer have someone that checks them and is able to fulfill our expectations. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 12:42, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC)

== De novo spatio adumbrationum ==
{{Collaboratio|Alex1011|Alexander Gerashchenko|Amahoney|Andreas Raether|Andrew Dalby|Aylin|Bartholomite|Bis-Taurinus|Demetrius Talpa|Giorno2|IacobusAmor|Ioscius|Iustinus|Lesgles|LilyKitty|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Neander|Pippobuono|Rafaelgarcia|Sigur|Utilo|UV|Xaverius
	| alacres = IacobusAmor
	| alacritas = mensis
	| res = Magistratūs usoresque strenuos vocavi. Veniam peto si alicuius oblitus sum.
	| subscriptio = [[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:43, 3 Martii 2026 (UTC)
}}

Nuper novum spatium nominale &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; condidimus. Nunc oportet regulas nostras definire. Apud [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] paginam Anglicam [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts]] partim verti, sed de nostra propria ratione consentiendum est.

Notandum est Vicipaediam Anglicam [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts#Reasons not to move an article to draftspace|regulam habere]] qua vetatur paginam in spatio principali sitam in spatium adumbrationum movere “si commentatio ante plus quam 90 dies creata est”. Re quidem vera, nuper paginam [[Alkinum]] ad [[Adumbratio:Alkinum]] movi (praesertim ad lineamenta technica novi spatii nominalis experienda), attamen mihi visum est parum rectum paginam anno 2006 creatam (et [[Vicipaedia:Paginae quas omnibus Vicipaediis contineri oportet/Expansio#Materies chemicales|quam omnibus Vicipaediis contineri oportet]]!) ibi movere.

Quo facto suasus sum ut nobis vetandum sit formulam {{Fn|Augenda}} paginis ante plus quam tres menses creatis addere. Nam, si pagina nimis brevis olim creata est et usque talis mansit, si nos eam negleximus nec animadvertimus nisi nunc, meā sententiā duae optiones tantum nobis patent: aut eam relinquimus intactam, aut formulam {{Fn|Delenda}} apponimus.

Ceterum, a vobis peto ut paginam [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] inspiciatis, novas regulas proponatis, aut regulas a me scriptas emendetis.

Valete! --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:43, 3 Martii 2026 (UTC)

==De loco vel gradu Vicipaediae apud Meta==
Does moving articles counted among the 10,000 most important (like 
&quot;[[Alkinum]]&quot; &amp; &quot;[[Oxidum]]&quot;) into the limbo marked by &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Adumbratio}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; and/or &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Neglecta}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; lower Vicipaedia's score at Meta? (Vide [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias_by_expanded_sample_of_articles|&quot;List of Wikipedias by expanded sample of articles&quot;].) In other words, do they need to remain in the mainspace to boost Vicipaedia's score? ¶ Ten years ago, in March 2016, Vicipaedia was ranked thirty-ninth among all the wikis; at the end of last month, it was ranked fifty-second. This is not an encouraging trend, and deliberately accelerating it might not be considered advisable. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:52, 12 Martii 2026 (UTC)
: Hi Iacobus. Moving pages to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace definitely counts as removing them from the encyclopedia. Adding {{Fn|Pagina neglecta}} (or any other template) instead has no effects. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:09, 12 Martii 2026 (UTC)
::&lt;nowiki&gt;{{ping|IacobusAmor}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;, is there a page that specifies the number of articles from this list that we have? -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:47, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::{{ping|IacobusAmor}}, idk why my previous ping got wrapped by nowiki. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:48, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::Ecce (but it needs to be updated): https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usor:Amahoney/Myrias_epitome [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:04, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::So, as Grufo says, moving one of the &quot;10,000&quot; pages into Adumbratio space removes it from the encyclopedia and from the score that Iacobus mentions. In the case of a page in that list, maybe it's better for it to be in mainspace, with a warning template (''neglecta/augenda/...'') on it? If it's in mainspace, more editors might see it and be tempted to improve it. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:29, 14 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::: Hi Andrew. Indeed. When I created the page [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] by (partially) translating [[:en:Wikipedia:Drafts]], I also translated the rule that a page can be moved away from the mainspace to the &lt;code&gt;Adumbratio:&lt;/code&gt; namespace only if it is a newly created page (&lt; 90 days). So pages that have long been among our 10000 pages are safe. P.S. The rules in [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio]] still need our consensus, so if you have time, please give that page a look. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:58, 14 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Template:Weather box ==
{{Excepta|Vicipaedia:Officina|Template:Weather box|Locus opportunior --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}}

== Quid significat expectatio vacuae mutationis? ==

Dicitur in pagina [[Topologia classium punctorum]] quod &quot;Haec pagina mutationem vacuam expectat&quot;. Et rogat me, &quot;nihil tangens&quot;, sibi ostendere mutationes.

Ad quem dirigitur haec monitio, et quas mutationes oportet eum sibi ostendere? Non intelligo. [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 04:29, 19 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

: Salve, [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]. Illa icon significat vicitextum &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Spatium topologicum|spatia topologica|en|qid=Q179899}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; ad hunc vicitextum, si paginam emendas, sponte mutatum iri: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;[[Spatium topologicum|spatia topologica]]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt; (vide [[Special:Diff/3954206/3955454|meam ultimam recensionem]] et documentationem formulae {{fsn|pcc}}), quoniam nunc [[Spatium topologicum|paginam]] habemus quae cum entitate Vicidatorum [[:d:Q179899]] nectitur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 04:44, 19 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::Gratias habeo—mirum tamen mihi videtur, quod substitutio &quot;cref&quot; tantum unam tesseram (siquidem recte lexi) sumat ut argumentum. Quomodo ergo facio, si notam duos habeat nexus ad paginas creatas?--[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:29, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::: Immo, infinitatem tesserarum formula {{fsn|cref}} accipit. Vide, exempli gratia, hanc annotationem in pagina “[[Carpates]]”, ubi sunt ambae entitates [[:d:Q6776713]] et [[:d:Q11699202]]:
:::: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{safesubst:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|1={{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Martinus Szent-Ivany|Martini Szent-Ivany|hu|qid=Q6776713}} [...] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Gabriel Rzaczynski|Gabrielis Rzączyński|pl|qid=Q11699202}} [...]|2=Q6776713|3=Q11699202}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: Vide etiam {{Caput|Formula:Annotatio cum paginis creandis|Quomodo tesseram invenio?}}. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:43, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Annon corrigere possumus titulos &quot;instrumentorum&quot;? ==

Exempli gratia: video unum &quot;instrumentum&quot; appellari &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. Videtur mihi hic titulus mendam habere et corrigi posse accentus acutus ad macron. Sed nescio utrum corrigibilis sit ab usoribus. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:47, 24 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
: Salve [[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]. Usoribus non licet [[Specialis:Nuntia systematis|nuntia systematis]] recensere (vide etiam &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[{{fullurl:Special:Allpages|namespace=8}} spatium “&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:&lt;/code&gt;”]&lt;/span&gt;), sed usores possunt a magistratibus petere ut nuntia recenseant (et multa nuntia exstant quae meliora facere aut etiam omnino vertere oportet!). Non invenio ubi “Paginam prehendere formá PDF” iaceat; fortasse @[[Usor:UV|UV]] adiuvare potest. P.S. “accentus acutus” revera est [[Apex (orthographia Latina)|apex]], forma antiquior [[macron|macri]]; attamen concordo uniformia signa diacritica nobis esse sequenda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:42, 24 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::Non potest prehendere paginas disputationum formā PDF. Sed paginas encyclopediae possumus; e.g. [[Macron]]. At ibi apparet &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 02:04, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::: Nexum video, sed quid nuntium gignat non invenio. Exempli gratia, [[MediaWiki:Contributions|haec pagina]] nuntium “User contributions” ad nuntium Latinum “Conlationes usoris” vertit; sed quid vertit “Download PDF” ad “Paginam prehendere formá PDF”? Nescio. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:44, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::Ignosce inclaritatem meam—sed prime (ut ita dicam) &quot;Instrumenta&quot; et videbis instrumentorum titulos. Titulus primus (ut mihi ostenduntur) est &quot;Movere&quot;; titulus novissimus est &quot;Res Wikidata&quot;; et unus titulorum est &quot;Paginam prehendere formá PDF&quot;. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:46, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::: @[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]: Ut dixi, oculis meis textum video, sed ignoro e qua pagina aut e quo nuntio systematis oriatur. Nequeo textum corrigere si nescio quid mihi sit emendandum. Conatus sum aliqua similia nuntia vertere ([[MediaWiki:Wikisource-download-pdf|#1]], [[MediaWiki:Minerva-download|#2]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-print-text|#3]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-download-label|#4]], [[MediaWiki:Electronpdfservice-special-page-headline|#5]]), sed nuntium quod quaeris non inveni. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:54, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::bzgrep utebar perlegere totam Vicipaediam Latinam; non tamen inveni.  Mirum! --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:25, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::: @[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]]: Potesne, quaeso, etiam situm https://translatewiki.net/ per “bzgrep” inspicere? Etiam illic non inveni textum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 02:28, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::[https://translatewiki.net/wiki/MediaWiki:Coll-download_as/la Fontem] inveni huius textus, non autem bzgrep utens. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:12, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::: Gratias tibi ago. Correxi. Post paucos dies abhinc nova translatio etiam in Vicipaedia Latina ostendetur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:34, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Fortasse nostis [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki?uselang=qqx hunc nexum] per quem tandem inveni. --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:37, 28 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Regula generalis de intellegentia artificiali ==
[[:meta:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|Apud MetaVici disputatur]] utrum regula generalis de intellegentiae artificialis usu introducenda sit necne. Quum etiam nos tanget, vos hortor ut sententias vestras feratis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:42, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

:Non penitus intelligo quomodo nos tangeat. Annon iam habemus regulam de plasmatibus (ut ita dicam) linguarum? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 00:50, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:: Regulae globales omnes Vicipaedias afficiunt, atque illa regula proponitur globalis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:56, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::Gratias habeo; nonne autem, si Vicipaedia Latina haberet regulam, supersedeat regulam generalem? Et simili modo respectu aliarum Vicipaediarum? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:01, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::: Non sum certus, sed timeo ne regulae globales vincant. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:05, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::Ita; intelligo. Scisne utrum restrictionem an laxationem habeat favorem iuris? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 01:12, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)
:::::: Apud Vicipaediam Latinam nulla est regula scripta; paginae tamen quae omnino intellegentiā artificiali sine ulla humana recensione vertuntur pittacio {{Fn|Pagina autotranslata}} signantur atque post unam hebdomadam delentur. Prima regula globalis proposita mihi videtur hoc tantum postulare, ut, ''praeter translationes'', usus intellegentiae artificialis aperte declaretur. Altera autem regula globalis vetat intellegentiā artificiali ūtī ''nisi in translationibus''. Meā sententiā, hoc nobis incommodum contrarium efficit, quia hic magnopere laboramus ad translationes machinarias moderandas; alii autem usūs intellegentiae artificialis nobis non sunt incommodo. Non puto magni rēferre usum ipsum declarare, sed potius oportere responsa intellegentiae artificialis diligenter inspicere ac recensere. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:45, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Quomodo melius invenire titula proposita pro articulo nondum existente? ==

Volui creare articulum pro &quot;poset&quot; (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q474715).

Scio, quod est formula &quot;subst:pcc&quot; alicubi in hac Vicipaedia per quam statuitur titulum huius articuli. Sed nescio, et &quot;bzgrep&quot; iterum inutilis est.

Estne methodus inventionis talium &quot;titulorum articulorum nondum existentium&quot;? --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 04:47, 30 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

: Formula {{fsn|pcc}} nescit quod nomen Latinum novae paginae (“nexui rubro”) assignandum sit, istud erit tibi eligendum. Ad formulam adhibendam tibi sufficiet titulum Latinum et linguā aliā scribere. E.g.:
:: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{subst:pcc|en=Partially ordered set|Aggregatio partim ordinata}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: ↳ {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}
: Aut, si vis, potes autem tesseram Vicidatorum praebere:
:: &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;wikitext&quot; inline&gt;{{subst:pcc|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
::: ↳ {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aggregatio partim ordinata||en|qid=Q474715}}
: Non exstat ullus index paginarum creandarum. Nomina inveniuntur simul ac paginae creantur. Attamen, si quis paginam “Aggregatio partim ordinat'''issima'''” postea creet at ad [[:d:Q474715]] eam nectat, pagina ubi nexus ruber “Aggregatio partim ordinata” ostendebatur nunc ad paginam “Aggregatio partim ordinatissima” nectetur. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 06:13, 30 Aprilis 2026 (UTC)

== Quomodo citare librum, quod numerum librarium uniformem inter gentes caret? ==

[[Cancellum (mathematica)|Hac pagina]] conor citare librum quoddam, sed caret ISBN/NLUIG. Habet tamen numerum Catalogii Librarii Congressus (LCCN), sed nescio quomodo hanc numerum affigere rei citatae.

Multas habeo gratias pro auxilio vestro! --[[Usor:Pseudo-philodoxia|Pseudo-philodoxia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Pseudo-philodoxia|disputatio]]) 02:09, 18 Maii 2026 (UTC)

== Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet? ==
Salvete omnes! Hic scribo nec in [[Disputatio:Natio|pagina disputationis]] quod hoc verbum in multis commentariis est. Secundum [https://archive.org/details/practicalint00arno/page/41/mode/1up librum Arnoldi] “Natio is rarely used of a civilised and organised nation ; it means a people, or tribe, sprung from one race, of the same blood (nascor).” Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary Latin-English English-Latin” natio significat “a tribe, race, people, esp. uncivilized”, et verbum Anglicum nation significat “populus, gens (=people, stock), civitas (=body of citizens), respublica (=state), natio (=tribe, not highly civilized)”. Liber Arnoldi quoque monet ut iis vocabulis Latinis utamur. Commentarius [[Natio|natio]] illud Ciceronis habet: “Omnēs nātiōnēs servitūtem ferre possunt, nostra cīvitās nōn potest; …” in quo orator optimus populum Romanum a nationibus distinguet. Quid vobis videtur de hac re? Valete! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 20:58, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)

:Haec &quot;natio&quot; a primis temporibus Vicipaediae originem obscuram ducit, mihi non placet, sed permulta corrigenda sunt, si eam mutare volumus. Civitas (de civibus), civitas sui iuris? [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 22:09, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:: Aut etiam possibile est dicere, etiam secundum linguas recentiores, ipsam notionem “nationis” quodammodo “civitati” adversari. Id est, sunt qui putent, etiam linguis hodiernis, “nationem” (Anglice ''nation'', Italice ''nazione'', et cetera) semper aliquid minus civile quam “civitatem” (Anglice ''state'', Italice ''Stato'', et cetera), immo vero tribale, significare. Cum hoc tamen concordo, paginam illam nimis veterem esse atque redintegrandam. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:41, 29 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::Melius est quaedam omittere quam nihil corrigere. Video nos habere commentarios qui vocantur [[Civitas]] (Ang. [[w:en:State (polity)]]), [[Gens]] (Ang. [[w:en:Gens]], nescio cur hic commentarius Latine non sit solis de gentibus Romanis), [[Populus]] (Ang. [[w:en:People]]), [[Res publica]] (Ang. [[w:en:Republic]]), et [[Tribus (anthropologia)]] ([[w:en:Tribe]]). Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary”, tribus significat”originally a third part if the Roman people. Hence a tribe, a division of the Roman people …”. Hoc dictionarium monet ut verbo “natio” vel verbo “gens” utamur si scribere “tribe” velimus nec de tribubus Romanis scribamus. Vero non possum novum nomen commentarii [[Natio]] commendare quod nescio cur vikipedia tot commentarios habeat. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 14:38, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
::::Pagina non est delenda, si hoc consulis. &quot;Natio&quot; [http://lexica.linguax.com/forc2.php?searchedLG=natio verbum est Latinum], cur id ne explicemus. Si nexum intervicialem ad paginam Anglicam male congruere putas, ita est, non perfectissime congruit. Sed cum de notionibus abstractis agitur, nexus interviciales saepius tales sunt. Hoc malum in Vicipaediα inevitabile est et hoc non est malum, si res explicatur. Paginae ipsius loca quaedam corrigenda est, Ciceronis interpretatio mutanda, et, quod maxime interest, inter [[Specialis:Nexus_ad_paginam/Natio|nexus ad eam]] hi multi corrigendi sunt, ubi &quot;natio&quot; in modum Anglicum civitatem sui iuris significat. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 18:22, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::Pagina scilicet delenda non est. Vidi paginas in Vikipedia Hebraica et Ucrainica ad paginam Anglicam bene congruere nec nostram paginam. Natio est verbum Latinum, cuius sensu Latino uti debemus, nec sensi Anglico. Delere nolo sed mutare et fortasse movere. Eo consilio hunc sermonem coepi ut sensibus Latinis verborum uteremur. Vero nescio cur Vikipedia Anglica tot paginas habeat et quid sit discrimen inter “nation” et “state”, propter quod non possum verbum meliorum commendare. Potestne pagina Anglica nostrae paginae [[Natio]] esse [[w:en:Tribe]]? Tribus quoque verbum Latinum est sed secundum dictionarium non idem significat et verbum Anglicum tribe. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 19:24, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::: ''Tribus'' est quaedam divisio populi, non tota natio ([https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=tribus]). Possum falli, sed secundum illam Ciceronis sententiam (“Omnēs nātiōnēs servitūtem ferre possunt …”) mihi videtur praecipua differentia inter ''civitatem'' et ''nationem'' hoc esse, quod ''civitas'' rem publicam civium significat, ''nationes'' autem alios populos tamquam gentes spectatos. Ita ''civitas'' erat Roma, ''nationes'' erant ceteri populi. P.S. {{*Cfr}} etiam “eruditissima illa Graecorum natio” (Cic.). Nam Graecis erat una natio sed plures civitates. Hoc usu vocabulum mihi videtur fere eodem sensu adhiberi ac in linguis hodiernis. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 23:07, 31 Maii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::Nexus interviciales perutiles sunt (ad minimum, lectores novos nobis dirigunt!) sed non nos regunt. Omnis lingua, sicut [[civitas sui iuris]], libera est. Debemus (1) verba Latina Latinitate classica definire (2) alia verba quibus significationes cognatae sunt (e.g. gens, tribus, civitas) distinguere, nexibus datis (3) significationes apud Latinistas recentiores explicare, si differunt (4) praeter alia, de re principali pellucide disserere.
:::::::Cicero his verbis, ''omnes nationes servitutem fere possunt: nostra civitas non potest'' (Phil. 10.10.20) inter ''nationes'' et ''nostram civitatem'' quoquomodo distinguere videtur ... sed alibi ''omnes &lt;u&gt;exteras&lt;/u&gt; nationes'' et ''eruditissimam Graecorum nationem'' indicat (Imp. Pomp. 11.31; De Or. 2.4.18) -- unde intellego, apud Ciceronem, plures ''nationes'' exstitisse tam sub imperio S.P.Q.R. quam extra limites. Ex his sententiis, si volumus, inter civitatem et nationem facile erit distinguere: sed inter ''populos'' et ''nationes'' ...? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:06, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::Nolite oblivisci ''gentes''&amp;thinsp;! Cassell's nobis dicit (p. 742) ''international law'' locutionem Anglicam nostra lingua esse ''ius gentium,'' ac Traupman (ed. 3, p. 575) nobis dicit ''international'' ipsum verbum Anglicum esse ''inter gentes.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:12, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::Sententias vestras perlegi et commentarium inveni [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311975311_On_the_Roman_Concept_of_Natio “On the Roman Concept of Natio”] quem quoque legi, et iam intellego quanta difficilis sit haec res. In libro Arnoldi et in dictionario legi nationem esse “esp. uncivilized”, nec autores Romanos scripisisse Nationem Romanam. Putavi nationem esse tribe nec unquam civilised nation. Iam nesio a bonus sit hic nexus. Veritus sum ne homines dum Latine scribebant solis nexibus uterentur, nec deliberarent quid sit verbum optimum. De pagina nostra [[Respublica]] vos consulere quoque volo. Secundum dictionarium “Cassell’s Latin Dictionary” “'''republic''' ''respublica'', ''civitas'' (= state, simply): a —, as opp. to other forms of government, ''respublica'' (or ''civitas''” ''libera'' or ''popularis''.” Respublica et civitas idem significare mihi videntur. Nonne melius est movere hanc paginam ut novem nomen sit Respublica popularis? Haec res non est solo de nexu sed quoque de ipsa pagina. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:38, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Fortasse, sed iam est commentarius de &quot;People's republic&quot; in vicipaedia Anglica. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:31, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::: De differentia inter ''gentem'' et ''nationem'' conferatur etiam {{LTL|natio|335}}: “A ''gente'' aliquando ita differt, ut genus a specie: ''gens'' enim latius patet, et plures nationes complectitur, ut ''gens'' Graeca habet Atticos, Boeotos, Thebanos, qui ejusdem gentis nationes sunt.” Saepissime tamen gens et natio sunt synonyma. @[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]]: Graeci non erant “uncivilized”, attamen erant natio vel plures nationes. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 17:53, 2 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::Multae paginae in Vicipaedia connexae sunt; ''United Nations'' vertitur ut [[Nationes Unitae]], multis cum fontibus (duabus encyclicis aliisque). Hoc mutare nequimus, et pagina de [[natio]]ne nec huic sensui contradicere debet; haec causa, cur paginae Anglicae '&quot;Nation&quot; ceterisque de hac natione moderna narrantibus alliganda sit. Sed de pagina [[Nationes mundi]], exempli gratia, iam dubito, et &quot;civitates mundi&quot; nationibus praeferam, [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 20:50, 4 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::Iam intellego. Huic sensu, quo utuntur encyclici, contradicere scilicet nequimus. Gratias omnibus vobis ago quia mihi hanc rem explanavistis. 
:::::::::::{{ping|Grufo}}, Quaesivi nec inveni ubi Cicero nationem Graecam scripserit. Testimonium encyclicorum mihi videtur bonum esse, scire tamen volo ubi orator optimus his verbis usus sit. 
:::::::::::Valete. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 21:14, 5 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::: @[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]]: {{Op|[[De oratore]]}}, {{Vf|De oratore/Liber II|18|2.4.18}}: “eruditissima illa Graecorum natio”. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:09, 5 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::::Gratias tibi ago! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:45, 7 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::De commentario qui [[Nationes mundi]] (Anglice [[w:en:List of sovereign states|List of sovereign states]]) vocatur, nonne melius nomen est “''Index civitatum sui iuris''”? 
:::::::::::Vide commentarios:
:::::::::::* [[Civitas sui iuris]]
:::::::::::* [[Index communium Badeniae et Virtembergiae]]
:::::::::::* [[Index urbium et communium Rhenaniae et Palatinatus]]
:::::::::::* [[Index fluviorum Germaniae]]
:::::::::::* [[Index asteroidum]]
:::::::::::* [[Index siglorum ordinum ecclesiae catholicae]]
:::::::::::Hic commentarius est index. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 16:50, 9 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::::Sic, [[Index civitatum sui iuris]] bonum nomen est, multae paginae huius generis in Vicipaedia Latina &quot;indices&quot; nominantur. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 19:47, 9 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::::Vobis consentio. Hanc paginam satis antiquam renominare oportet. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:39, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
::::::::::::::Utrum possumus paginam renominate an oportet [[Formula:Movenda]] utere? -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:21, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::::::Formula ad disputandum in pagina disputationis ponitur, sed nunc hic erat disputaio, fornula non necessaria est. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 15:55, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC)
:::::::::::::::: Paginam movi. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 22:02, 10 Iunii 2026 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Impetus Israëlis et Civitatum Foederatarum in Iraniam anni 2026</title>
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      <text bytes="17234" sha1="81mz9ua57f565kbhczqkkirql6xfet0" xml:space="preserve">&lt;gallery&gt;
Exemplum.jpg|Descriptio 1
Exemplum.jpg|Descriptio 2
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{{Latinitas|-5}}
[[Fasciculus:Middle East strikes, February 2026.png|thumb|Charta de impetus in Iraniam anno 2026]]
'''Impetus Israëlis et Civitatum Foederatarum in Iraniam''' est [[bellum]] in [[Irania]]m quod ab impetus [[bomba]]rum [[Israël]] et [[CFA|Civitatum Foederatarum]] die [[28 Februarii]] [[2026]] initiat, ratione periculum [[arma nuclearia|armarum nuclearium]] abrogandi. A hic impetu, dux civitatis [[Ali Khamenei]] die 28 Februarii 2026 necatus est.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx2dyz6p3weo Why did US and Israelattack Iran and how long could the war last?]&lt;/ref&gt; Postea, rectio Iraniae impetum [[propugnaculum]] Israël et Civitatum Federatarum in [[Medius Oriens|Medio Oriente]] facit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c875rjd990go 'Everything has changed': Missile attacks shatter Dubai's safe heaven image]&lt;/ref&gt;

== Cursus belli ==
[[Fasciculus:2026 Iran war collage.jpg|thumb|Compilatio imaginum belli]]
Dum [[Consilium securitatis]] rem die 28 Februarii 2026 disputat, [[Antonius Guterres]], secretarius generalis Consociationis Nationum, usum [[metus]] [[violentia]]e [[res militaris|militaris]] abstinere apud Articulum II [[Charta Nationum Unitarum|Chartae Consociationis Nationum]] et a medio [[diplomatia]]e rem solvere postulat.&lt;ref&gt;[https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/02/1167062 Iran strikes 'squandered a change for diplomacy': Guterres]&lt;/ref&gt; Legatus Franciae obligationem iuris internationali ad Iraniam postulat, dum legati Russiae Sinarumque impetum Israël et Civitatum Foederatarum condemnant.

Papa [[Leo XIV]], dux [[civitas Vaticana|civitatis Vaticanae]], violentiam militarem negat et pacem non metu sed dialogo dicit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2026-03/pope-leo-xiv-angelus-appeal-peace-middle-east-iran.html &quot;Pope on Iran: Peace not built with mutual threats or death-dealing arms.&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[2 Martii]] [[2026]], [[Palatium Golestan]] ab impetu bombarum Civitatum Foederatarum destruitur.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.euronews.com/culture/2026/03/03/unesco-expresses-concern-over-the-protection-of-cultural-heritage-sites-in-middle-east UNESCO expresses concern over the protection of cultural heritage sites in Middle East].&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[3 Martii]] [[2026]], Ravina Shamdasi, socia [[Curator supremus Nationum Unitarum iuribus humanis tuendis|Curatoris supremi Consociationis Nationum iuribus humanis tuendis]] multos homines cives, inter eas, multas [[puella]]s ad [[ludus litterarius|scholam primariam]] Minab necatas esse quod violationem [[humanitarium belli ius|humanitarii belli iuris]] dicit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/03/1167071 &quot;Iran crisis: Schoolgirls killed, thousands displaced and aid compromised.&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt; Et [[Malala Yousafzai]] cum [[UNESCO]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/03/1167063 Deadly bombing of Iran primary school 7 a grave violation of humanitarian law': UNESCO].&lt;/ref&gt; et [[Consilium iurum humanorum Nationum Unitarum]] hoc impetum condemnaverunt, quod plus quam 165 puellae necatae sunt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-release/2026/03/un-experts-strongly-condemn-dealdly-missile-strike-girls-school-iran-call &quot;UN experts strongly condemn dealdy missile strike on girls' schoolin Iran, call for independent investigation.&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[5 Martii]] [[2026]], rectio [[Hispania]]e sub [[Petrus Sánchez|Petro Sánchez]] contra bellum in Irania, impetum Israël et Civitatum Foederatarum condemavit, et provistionem propugnaculi in Hispania negat.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130819141428/http://https/://www.npr.org/2026/03/05/nx-s1-5737285/iran-war-spain-trump &quot;A rift between Spain and Trump widens over Spanish opposition to the Iran war.&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[6 Martii]] [[2026]], [[Donaldus Trump]], praeses Civitatum Foederatarum, [[deditio]]nem sine conditione Iraniae postulat.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/3/6/no-deal-with-iran-except-unconditional-surrender-trump-says &quot;'No deal with Iran: expect unciditional surrender, Trump says.&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[7 Martii]] [[2026]], [[Masudus Pezeshkian]], praeses Iraniae impetum militarem ad civitates [[Asia occidentalis|Medii Orientis]] confutare sed deditionem ad Civitates Foederatas America negare dixit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/3/7/iran-to-halt-strikes-on-neighbours-unless-attacks-from-there-pezeshkian &quot;Iran to halt strikes on neighbours unless attacks from there: Pezeshkian.&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[8 Martii]] [[2026]], [[Mojtaba Khamenei]] magnus dux Iraniae creatus est, post Ali Khamenei eius patrem.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c78xxg05w0zo &quot;Who is Mojtaba Khamenei, Iran's news supreme leader?&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[10 Martii]] [[2026]], &lt;!--unus???--&gt; auctoritas militariae Israëlis legatos Iraniae [[Berytus|Beryti]] in [[Libanus|Libano]] necavit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c2k8y7vy78no &quot;War expands to central Beirut as Israeli strikes Iranians in luxury hotel.&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt; Miletes Civitatum Foederatarum [[navis|naves]] Iraniae qui [[mina marina|minas marinas]] dandi{{dubsig}} apud [[Fretum Ormusense]] destruit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cgrzken84q5o &quot;US his minelaying ship in Iran after warning of 'intense' day of bombing.&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[11 Martii]] [[2026]], [[Procuratio energiae internationalis]] reservarium [[petroleum|petrolei]] emergentiae mittere decernavit, dum [[pretium]] petrolei in discrimine fit ratione claudendi [[Fretum Ormusense|Freti Ormusensi]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cly093xxlzzo Countries agree to record relaese of emergency oil reserves as prices surge]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[14 Martii]] [[2026]], Donaldus Trump vi militari impetum bombarum in insulam Kharg in [[Sinus Persicus|Sinu Persico]] dare publicat.{{dubsig}}&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8jxzlwvd8ro &quot;Why had US targeted Iran's Kharg Island?&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[17 Martii]] [[2026]], Ali Larijani, dux Consilii supremi securitatis nationalis ab impetu militatiae Israël necatus est.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c24deezq6meo Iranian security cheif Ali Larijani killed in air strike]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Iosephus Clay Kent]], bello adversans, ab administratione Trumpiana se abdicavit.&lt;ref&gt;Stepansky, J. (17 Martii 2026). [https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/3/17/us-national-counterterrorism-center-director-joe-kent-resigns-over-iran-war US National Counterterrorism Center director Joe Kent resigns over Iran war]. ''[[Al Jazeera]]''. &lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[19 Martii]] 2026, [[Antonius Guterres]] secretarius generalis Consociationis Nationum colloquium [[Consilium Europaeum|Consilii Europaei]] participavit, et dixit Israël et Civitates Foederatarum bellum in Iran finire necesse est, a quo discrimen pretii energiae [[civitas provectibilis|civitatibus provectibilibus]] consequentiam [[tragoedia|tragicam]] fit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20260320134606/https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/03/1167165 Middle East war: 'Force of the law' must prevail over the law of force, urges Guterres].&lt;/ref&gt; 

Die [[23 Martii]] 2026, Donaldus Trump, [[praeses Civitatum Foederatarum]] tempum{{dubsig}} impetus militaris ad [[electrificina]]m Iraniae quinque diei sustinere dixit.{{dubsig}}&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/3/23/trump-postpones-military-strikes-on-iranian-power-plants Trump postpones military strikes on Iranian power plants for five days].&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[25 Martii]] 2026, activistae pro iuribus humanis Iraniae (HRANA) plus quam 3300 homines, inter eos 1464 cives et 217 [[impubes|impberes]] necati esse ab initio belli publicaverunt. Atque minister salutis Libani 1094 homines, inter eos 121 impberes necasi ab Israël vi militariae esse publicavit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx2dyz6p3weo Why did US and Israel attack Iran and how long could the war last?]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[28 Martii]] 2026, [[exercitus]] Huthianus, qui cum auxilio Iraniae [[Bellum civile Iemeniense (anno 2015 incipiens)|Bellum civile Iemeniense]] contra rectionem Iemaniam pugnavit, impetum [[missile|missilis]] primum ad Israël dedit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd6l5n8jv4yo Iran-backed Houthis join war with attack against Israel].&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[1 Aprilis]] 2026, Donaldus Trump praeses Civitatum Foederatarum orationem dedit: impetum vehementer duo vel tres hebdomas dare, a quo Iraniam ad &quot;[[Aetas lapidea|Aetatem lapideam]]&quot; mittere potest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/4/2/bomb-back-to-the-stone-age-us-history-of-threats-and-carpet-bombing 'Bomb back to the Stone Age': US history of therats and carpet bombing]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[4 Aprilis]] 2026, [[Raphael Grossi]], praeses [[Procuratio energiae atomicae internationalis|Procurationis energiae atominae internationalis]] impetum ad [[ergasterium atomicum]] Bushehr ab Israël et Civitatibus Foederatarum profundus indicat.&lt;ref&gt;[https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/04/1167250 UN nuclear agency chief 'deeply concerned' by reports of latest attack on Iran power plant]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[6 Aprilis]] 2026, rectio [[Irania]]e propositum [[indutiae|indutiarum]] conditione liberationis [[Fretum Ormusense|Freti Ormusensis]] e Civitatibus Foederatarum refusit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/trump-vows-hell-iran-if-strait-stays-shut-says-deal-is-possible-2026-04-06/ Iran rejects ceasfire as Trump says entire country can be 'taken out']&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[7 Aprilis]] 2026, apud [[Consilium securitatis]] resolutio de liberatione Freti Ormusensis negata est a &quot;veto&quot; [[Res publica popularis Sinarum|Rei publicae popularis Sinarum]] et [[Russia]]e.&lt;ref&gt;[https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/04/1167261 Security Concil Russia and China veto resolution on Strait of Hormuz].&lt;/ref&gt; Atque rectio Iraniae et Civitatum Foederatarum [[indutiae|indutias]] conditionales duo hebdomas cum liberatione securaque Freti Ormusensis consensae sunt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/live/c5yw4g3z7qgt Iran and US agree to conditionaltwo-week ceasfire and opning of Hormuz strait.]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[9 Aprilis]] 2026, rectio [[Israël]] dialoum cum rectio [[Libanus|Libani]] conatur, quod negatio indutiarum in Libani contra [[Hizbullah]] indutias Iraniae praevenit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.edition.cnn.com/2026/04/09/world/live-news/iran-war-trump-us-ceasefire Israel says it wants talks with Lebanon as fight against Hezbollah threatens Iran ceasfire]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[10 Aprilis]] 2026, Delegatio Iraniae ad [[Islamabada]]m [[Pakistania]]e iit for talks with US pro negotio indutiae formalis die [[11 Aprilis]] 2026 cum Civitatum Foederatarum.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2025/4/10/iran-war-live-israeli-attacks-on-lebanon-threaten-us-iran-ceasefire-talks Iran war updates: Iranian dekegation arrives in Pakistan]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[12 Aprilis]] 2026, Colloqium negotii inter [[Iacobus David Vance|Iacobum David Vance]], praeses vicarius Civitatum Foederatarum et delegation Iraniae [[Masudus Pezeshkian|Masudi Pezeshkian]] per auxulium [[Shehbaz Sharif]] primus minister [[Pakistania]]e fuit, sed in vana quod rectio Iraniae creationem armae nuclearis non abrogare posse dixit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5y7k4y0veyo Iran talks ware major test for JD Vance. How did he do?]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[13 Aprilis]] 2026, [[Copiae militares Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Asia occidentalis|Oriente Medii]] (CENTCOM) a directione Donaldi Trump [[Fretum Ormusense]] claudendum est.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/4/14/how-many-ships-have-passed-the-strait-of-hormuz-and-how-many-were-attacked How many ship have passed the strait of Hormuz and how many ware attacked?]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[17 Aprilis]] 2026 [[Abbas Araghchi]], rerum externarum minister [[Irania|Iraniae]] [[Fretum Ormusense]] omnibus navibus mercatoriis aperiri, durantibus [[indutiae|indutiis]] et [[Libanus|Libani]], dixit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/irans-foreign-minister-says-passage-vessels-via-hormuz-strait-is-open-during-2026-04-17/ Iran's foreign minister says passage of vessels via Hormuz Strait is open during ceasefire]&lt;/ref&gt; [[Donaldus Trump]] se autem eundem fretum vi certa Iranicis navibus clausum tenturum esse affirmavit, quoad negotia sua cum Irania omnino conficeret.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.reuters.com/world/trump-says-blockade-iran-in-full-force-until-deal-is-reached-2026-04-17/ Trump says blockade on Iran 'in full force' until deal is reached]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[20 Aprilis]] 2026, rectio Iraniae non propositum a quo delegationem rectionis ad Islamabadam mittere pro negatione indutis, temen conatus rectionis [[Pakistania]]e; quia Civitatum Foederatarum conditionem indutiarum violat et Fretum Ormusense clausum contra [[ius internationale]] tenet.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/4/20/pakistan-ready-for-multi-day-us-iran-talks-but-tehran-unsure-about-joining Iran says no talks with US for now, casting doubt over Pakistan efforts]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[21 Aprilis]] 2026, Donaldus Trump indutias cum Irania sustenere adhuc negitii perfecti erunt publicat.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/live/cx297218m9vt Trump says he will extend Iran ceasefire until negociations conclude]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[25 Aprilis]] 2026, Donaldus Trump delegationem Civitatum Foederatarum ad Islamabadem mittere abrogavit, dum [[Abbas Araghchi]], minister reum externarum Iraniae et [[Shehbaz Sharif]] primus minister Pakistaniae colloqium pro pace fecit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/4/25/trump-cancels-envoys-trip-to-pakistan-after-irans-araghchi-leaves-country Trump cancels US envoys' trip after Iran's Araghchi leaves Pakistan].&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[27 Aprilis]] 2026, [[Abbas Araghchi]], minister rerum externarum Iraniae, et [[Vladimirus Putinus]], praeses Russiae, [[Petropolis|Petropoli]] colloquium fecerunt.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/4/27/iran-foreign-minister-in-russia-for-putin-talks Putin praises Iranian 'courage' as Teheran's foreign minister visits Russia].&lt;/ref&gt;  

Die [[28 Aprilis]] 2026, ''Idemitsu Maru,'' magna [[navis petrolearia]], quam [[Idemitsu Kosan]], collegium Iaponicum possedet, [[fretum Ormusense]] cum admissione Iraniae ire potest.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20260429_08/ Tanker maneged by Japanese firm passes through Strait of Hormuz].&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[29 Aprilis]] 2026, Donaldus Trumpius fretum Ormusense clausum cum metu et vi militari tenere dixit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://aljazeera.com/news/2026/4/29/trump-vows-to-maintein-iran-blockade-tehran-threaten-practical-action Trump vows to maintain Iran blockade, Tehran threatens 'practical' action]{{Nexus deficit|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[4 Maii]] 2026, Donaldus Trumpius &quot;Propositum Libertatis&quot; rem militariam de freto Ormusensi publicat.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c4g437depzpo &quot;What we know about Trump's 'Project Freedom' in Strait of Hormuz.&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt; 

Die [[6 Maii]] 2026, Donaldus Trumpius &quot;Propositum Libertatis&quot; suspendet et memorundum de finis belli publicat.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvgzp74rvj5o Trump's hopes for an Iran peace deal come with caveats]&lt;/ref&gt; 

Die [[8 Maii]] 2026, [[Abbas Araghchi]], minister rerum externarum Iraniae, audaces actiones{{dubsig}} [[res militaris|militares]] a Civitatibus Foederatarum condenmat, quod solutionem{{dubsig}} diplomaticam praevenit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c99lpn9ze8ro Iran accuses US of 'reckless military adventure'].&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[19 Maii]] 2026, Donalus Trumpius impetum ad Iraniam suspendere ex postulatione civitatum [[Arabia]]e [[sinus Persicus|sinus Persoci]] dixit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c7079e55zjro Trump says ha called off new Iran attack at request of Gulf states]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[25 Maii]] 2026, [[Copiae militares Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Asia Centralis|Medii Orientis]] (CENTCOM) impetum Irania regione australis cum [[missile|missili]] defit, quod rectio Irania ut &quot;violatio [[indutiae|indutiarum]]&quot; condenmat.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvgzzn4y1n8o US lauches new atrikes on Iran, targeting missile sites and boats]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[1 Iunii]] 2026, post declarationem Iraniae negitii cum Civitatum Foederatarum ratione proelii in [[Libanus|Libano]] ab [[Israël]], tamen Israël et [[Hizbullah]] propositum [[indutiae|indutiarum]] admiserunt, [[Proelium|Proelii]] magni in Libano ab Israël amplificantur, quod discrimen humanitarium parit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://bbc.com/news/articles/c202rxp1z15o Clashes continue in Lebanon despite Israel and Hezbollah accepting US partical ceasefire plan]&lt;/ref&gt; 

Die [[3 Iunii]] 2026, Donaldus Trumpius [[Beniaminus Netanjahu|Beniaminum Netanjafu]] per colloqium [[telephonum|telephoni]] condemnat, ratione absentiam volintatis ad indutias.&lt;ref&gt;[https://bbc.com/news/articles/cvgz21pq3g6o 'Crasy' phone call between Trump and Netaniafu complicates Iran's talk]&lt;/ref&gt;

Die [[10 Iunii]] 2025, [[Militaris CFA Academia]] Iraniae institutionem pres [[fretum Ormusense]] destruit ab impetu, quod miles Iraniae res novae [[helicopterum]] Civitatum Foederatarum detruit.&lt;ref&gt;[https://bbc.com/news/news/articles/tze9359gglyo US strikes Iran in reponse of military helicopter]&lt;/ref&gt;
== Notae ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|2026 Iran war|De Impetu in Iraniam anni 2026}}

[[Categoria:Historia Iraniae]]
[[Categoria:Donaldus Trump]]
[[Categoria:2026]]</text>
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    <title>Formula:Formula delegata</title>
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      <comment>Colores</comment>
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  <page>
    <title>Iudas gehennam meruit</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>324339</id>
    <revision>
      <id>3964324</id>
      <parentid>3955083</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-11T02:30:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Grufo</username>
        <id>64423</id>
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      <comment>Minora</comment>
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      <text bytes="3460" sha1="jdh2kpiuo4lq4kuta6qfkrast6jkd9p" xml:space="preserve">{{Titulus ad litteram}}
{{Pagina principalis|Index Carminum Buranorum}}
{{Carmen Carminum Buranorum
	| titulus =
	| imago =
	| descriptio =
	| categoria =
	| numerus =
	| auctor =
	| argumenta =
	| tempus =
	| lingua =
	| contextus =
	| praecedens =
	| sequens =
}}

{{lres|Iudas gehennam meruit}} est initium [[carmen|carminis]] a [[Goliardia|discipulis vagantibus]] [[Latinitas medii aevi|Latine]] scripti, quod in codice [[Carmina Burana|Carminum Buranorum]] sub numero IX reperitur.&lt;ref name=&quot;de-avaritia-1-25&quot;&gt;{{Opus
	| titulus = De avaritia 1-25
	| url = https://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost13/CarminaBurana/bur_cmo1.html
}}.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Textus ==
{{Versus numerati|
Iudas gehennam meruit,
quod Christum semel vendidit;
vos autem michi dicite:
qui septies cotidie
corpus vendunt dominicum,
quod superat supplicium?

Perpendite subtiliter:
cum vendant missam viliter
et peccent in alterutrum
sumendo plus vel modicum,
quod anhelant ad munera,
finis est avaritia.

Petrus damnato Simone
gravi sub anathemate
docuit, ut fidelibus
non esset locus amplius
in donis spiritalibus
emptis a venditoribus.

Multi nunc damnant Simonem
Magum magis quam demonem,
heredes autem Simonis
suis fovent blanditiis.
Simon nondum est mortuus,
si vivit in heredibus.

Quamvis cogente Abraham
Ephron sumens pecuniam
agrum sepulcro vendidit,
Ephran vocari meruit;
nunc Ephranitas dicere
multos potestis simile.&lt;ref name=&quot;de-avaritia-1-25&quot; /&gt;
}}

== Descriptio ==
In hoc carmine, auctor argumentum [[simonia]]e ac corruptionis ecclesiasticae verbis acerrimis tractat, peccatum Iudae Iscariotis cum vitiis clericorum sui temporis conferens. Si Iudas damnationem aeternam meruit quia Christum semel tantum vendidit, scriptor quaerit quale supplicium maneat eos qui cotidie corpus Dominicum per missas venales negotientur. Avaritia hic demonstratur ut radix omnium malorum in vita religiosa.&lt;ref name=&quot;de-avaritia-1-25&quot; /&gt;

Poeta deinde ad exempla scripturarum recurrit, condemnationem {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Simon Magus|Simonis Magi|en|qid=Q294795}} a [[Petrus|Petro]] [[apostolus|apostolo]] factam memorans. Auctor arguit Simonem non vere mortuum esse, quoniam eius heredes spirituales, scilicet [[simonia]]ci, adhuc in Ecclesia floreant et blanditiis foveantur. Haec hypocrisis clerum perstringit, qui verbis Simonem damnant sed re vera eius mores sequuntur, dona spiritualia pecunia commutantes.&lt;ref name=&quot;de-avaritia-1-25&quot; /&gt;

In ultima parte, carmen ad historiam Abrahae et Ephron refert, ubi venditio agri pro sepulcro vituperatur. Per hanc comparationem, scriptor hodiernos negotiatores sacrorum “Ephranitas” nominat, significans nomen pristinum amittere eos qui cupiditate trahuntur. Carmen sic lamentationem de statu morali mundi claudit, ubi sacra Deo debita ad quaestum turpem redacta sunt.&lt;ref name=&quot;de-avaritia-1-25&quot; /&gt;

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== Bibliographia ==
* {{Ecce citatio
	| id = Lehtonen, 1995
	| c = {{Opus
		| cognomen = Lehtonen
		| nomen = Thomas Martinus Samuel
		| nomenclatura = compendiaria
		| titulus = Fortuna, Money, and the Sublunar World: Eleventh-century Ethical Thought as a Paradigm for Late Medieval Moral Philosophy
		| annus = 1995
		| lingua = en
		| locus = [[Helsingia (Finnia)|Helsingiae]]
		| domus editoria = [[Societas Litterarum Finnicarum]]
		| isbn = 978-951-717-846-4
	}}
}}

{{Carmina Burana}}

[[Categoria:Index Carminum Buranorum]]
[[Categoria:Litterae Latinae mediaevales]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Andor (series televisiva)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>325419</id>
    <revision>
      <id>3964327</id>
      <parentid>3963416</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-11T04:43:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bartholomite</username>
        <id>116968</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>3964327</origin>
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      <text bytes="1250" sha1="gwoq18m8clzfrar2436p5k5kv4ew82v" xml:space="preserve">{{Titulus italicus}}
{{Pellicula
	| Imago = Andor.svg
	| Titulus = Andor
	| Annus = [[2022]]-[[2025]]
	| Moderator = [[Antonius Gilroy]]
	| Actores = [[Didacus Luna]]&lt;br /&gt;Kyle Soller&lt;br /&gt;Adria Arjona&lt;br /&gt;[[Stellan Skarsgård]]&lt;br /&gt;Fiona Shaw&lt;br /&gt;Genovefa O'Reilly
	| Compositor = [[Nicolaus Britell]]
	| Natio = [[CFA]]
	| Lingua = [[Anglice]]
}}

{{ores|Andor}} est [[series televisiva]] [[fictio scientifica|fictionis scientificae]] ab {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Antonius Gilroy|Antonio Gilroy|en|qid=Q353117}} anno [[2022]] creata, a {{Op|[[Star Wars]]}} (‘Bella Stellaria’) derivata. Chronologice ante {{Op|{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Rogue One||en|qid=Q19590955}}}} et {{Op|[[Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope]]}} iacet. [[Didacus Luna]] personam {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Cassianus Andor|Cassiani Andoris|en|qid=Q27970919}} agit.

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Andor (TV series)|''Andor''}}
* {{IMDb title|9253284}}
* [https://www.disneyplus.com/browse/entity-faba988a-a9f5-45f2-a074-0775a7d6f67a Andor] apud [[Disney]]+

{{cine-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Programmata televisifica 2022]]
[[Categoria:Programmata televisifica Civitatum Foederatarum]]
[[Categoria:Star Wars]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Index urbium et communium Saxoniae</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>325503</id>
    <revision>
      <id>3964313</id>
      <parentid>3964216</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T22:24:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Cyprianus Marcus</username>
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      <text bytes="31954" sha1="8tcoy02hxl8ax45obmk1s3lib71prbv" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Municipalities in Saxony.svg|thumb|550px|Urbes et communia [[Saxonia]]e (Kalendis Ianuariis anni 2023).]]
'''Index [[urbs|urbium]] et [[commune|communium]] in [[Saxonia]]''' omnes sedes in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|Civitate Foederata Libera]] Saxoniae recenset. [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|Civitas Foederata Libera]] [[Germania|Germanica]] [[Saxonia]], e [[1 Ianuarii|Kalendis Ianuariis]] anni [[2023]], ex universis 418 sedibus politice sui iuris constat.

Quae ita distribuuntur:

* 169 urbes ([[Theodisce]] ''Städte''), quarum:
** tres [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreie Städte''), inter quas [[Caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]] [[Dresda]] est;
** 166 urbes magnae [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiectae (Theodisce ''kreisangehörige Städte'');
* 249 communium circulo subiecta.

158 sedes, quarum 48 urbes, ad negotia administrationis suae gerenda in 64 consociationes administrativas (Theodisce ''Verwaltungsgemeinschaften'') et 21 communia in sex foedera administrativa (Theodisce ''Verwaltungsverbände'') coierunt.

Die [[3 Octobris]] anni [[1990]] adhuc 1626 sedes exstabant. Quarum numerus, ex illo tempore, ad circiter quartam partem imminutus est.&lt;ref name=&quot;Entwicklung&quot;&gt;''Entwicklung der Verwaltungsgliederung des Freistaates Sachsen'' (Theodisce). Ab Officio Statistico Regionalis Liberae Civitatis Saxoniae, die 4 Ianuarii 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Index sequens omnes sedes Saxoniae politice sui iuris sub nominibus officialibus recenset. Ad latus nominis Latini cuiusque sedis apparet etiam nomen officiale [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] atque [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabicum]] atque, si quod exstat, nomen in aliis linguis regionalibus. Si sedes est [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreie Städte''), urbs magna (id est, plus quam 17 500 incolas habens) [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta (Theodisce ''Große Kreisstadt''), aut simpliciter urbs, id quoque indicatur; non autem si sedes tantum commune est:

==== A ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Adorfium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbis Latinus A-D&quot;&gt;[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&amp;cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&amp;lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Adorf/Vogtl.'' seu ''Adorf/Vogtland''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Adorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Aerimontium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Arzberg''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Arzberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Alnetum (Saxonia)|Alnetum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bad Elster'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Amnis Castorum et Villa Giselberti]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bobritzsch-Hilbersdorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Amnis Clarus et Bernardi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Lauter-Bernsbach'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Amnis Veprium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Brambach''; [[Varisce]] ''Brambich'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Annaberga-Buchholzia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Egli 1893&quot;&gt;Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Annaberg-Buchholz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Antiqua Mitweida]]&lt;ref name=&quot;IfSGuV 2008&quot;&gt;Institut für Sächsische Geschichte und Volkskunde (2008). ''Altmittweida (antiqua Miteweide)''. Historisches Ortsverzeichnis von Sachsen [HOV]. &lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Altmittweida'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Antiquus Mons (Saxonia)|Antiquus Mons]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hrubý 2024&quot;&gt;Hrubý, P. (2014). Medieval Mining Centre of Buchberg in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands: Metal Production in the Kingdom of Bohemia (13th-14th Centuries) (Antiquus Mons - Altenberg). ''Praehistorica'' 31 (2).&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Altenberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Arnoldi Villa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;&gt;Schöttgen, C., &amp; Kreysig, G. C. (1755). ''Diplomataria et scriptores historiae Germanicae medii aevi''. Altenburgi: Richter.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Arnsdorf''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Warnoćicy'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Auerbachium (Montes Metalliferi)|Auerbachium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Auerbach'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Auerbachium Vogtlandiae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1730&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Auerbach/Vogtl.'' seu ''Auerbach/Vogtland''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Auerbach'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Augustoburgum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;&gt;{{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Augustusburg'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== B ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Belgora-Schildavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;SS 2024&quot;&gt;Sächsisches Staatsarchiv (2024). ''Regesta et diplomata episcopatus Misnensis: De vectigalibus fluminis Albis inter Belgoram et Misnam anno 979 concesis''. Hauptstaatsarchiv Dresden.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Belgern-Schildau'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Belina (Saxonia)|Belina]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Böhlen'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Boernichenium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Börnichen/Erzgeb.'' seu ''Börnichen/Erzgebirge'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Boesenbrunnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bösenbrunn'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Borna (Saxonia)|Borna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf V 1865&quot;&gt;Gersdorf, E. G. (Ed.) (1865). ''Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae. Haupttheil I, Band 5: Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Meissen''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Borna''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Borno'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Borsdorfia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Leibniz 2021&quot;&gt;Leibniz, G. W. (2021). ''Sämtliche Schriften und Briefe. Reihe I: Allgemeiner politischer und historischer Briefwechsel (Band 20: Juli 1701 – März 1702)''. Gottfried-Wilhelm-Leibniz-Bibliothek Hannover.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Borsdorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Boxberga (Saxonia)|Boxberga]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Jecht 1920&quot;&gt;Jecht, R. (Ed.) (1920). ''Codex Diplomaticus Lusatiae Superioris II, Band 1: Urkundenbuch der Stadt Görlitz und ihrer Klöster (1366)''. [[Gorlicium Germaniae|Gorlicii]]: Oberlausitzische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Boxberg/O.L.''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Hamor'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Brandisa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Brandis'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Breitenbrunnum (Montes Metalliferi)|Breitenbrunnum]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Breitenbrunn/Erzgeb.'' seu ''Breitenbrunn/Erzgebirge'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Budissa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bautzen''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Budyšin'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Burcardisdorfium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Burkhardtsdorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Burckavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Burkau''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Porchow''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Burke'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Burgstadtium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;AML 1724&quot;&gt;Ab [[Alma Mater Lipsiensis|Alma Matre Lipsiensi]] (1724). ''Die Matrikel der Universität Leipzig: Register der Studiosi und akademischen Grade (Johannes Christopherus Schulze, Burgstadtium-Misnicus)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Burgstädt'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== C ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Calemberga]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Tschackert 1889&quot;&gt;Tschackert, P. (Ed.) (1889). ''Briefwechsel des Antonius Corvinus''. Karl J. Trübner.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Callenberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Cavertizia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posee 1882&quot;&gt;Posse, O. (Ed.) (1882). ''Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae: Haupttheil I, Band 1. Urkunden der Markgrafen von Meißen und Landgrafen von Thüringen (948–1099)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Cavertitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Chemnicium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbis Latinus A-D&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Chemnitz''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Kamjenica'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Civitas Bernardi in Proprio]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bernstadt auf dem Eigen'' seu ''Bernstadt a. d. Eigen''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bjenadźicy'')&lt;/small&gt; 
* [[Clausenitia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posse 1881&quot;&gt;Posse, O. (1881). ''Die Markgrafen von Meissen und das Haus Wettin: Im Zusammenhange mit der Geschichte des Reichs''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Claußnitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Colditia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbis Latinus A-D&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Colditz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Cozwicia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posee 1882&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Coswig'' seu ''Coswig bei Dresden''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Kosowiki'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Crimnicium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;&gt;Gersdorf, E. G. (Ed.) (1864). ''Urkundenbuch del Hochstifts Meißen (Band 1)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Crimmitschau'' seu ''Crimmitzschau'' seu ''Krimmitschau'' seu ''Krimmitzschau'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Crinitzberga]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Niels 1729&quot;&gt;Niels, L. (Ed.) (1729). ''Opera omnia: De Marchia et finitimis Saxoniae regionibus''. Francofurti &amp; Lipsiae.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Crinitzberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Crostwicia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posse 1883&quot;&gt;Posse, O. (Ed.) (1883). ''Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae: Haupttheil I, Band 3. Urkunden der Markgrafen von Meißen und Landgrafen von Thüringen (1196–1234)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Crostwitz''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Chrósćicy'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Crottendorfium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiessner 1937&quot;&gt;Wiessner, H. (1937). ''Das Bistum Naumburg: Die Diözese'' (Vol. 1). Berolini: Walter de Gruyter &amp; Co.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Crottendorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Cunewalde]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Cunewaale'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== D ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Dahlen (Saxe)|Dahlen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Delitzsch]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Demitz-Thumitz]]
* [[Dennheritz]]
* [[Deutschneudorf]]
* [[Deutzen]]
* [[Diera-Zehren]]
* [[Dippoldiswalde]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Döbeln]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Doberschau-Gaußig]]
* [[Doberschütz]]
* [[Dohma]]
* [[Dohna]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Dommitzsch]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Dorfchemnitz]]
* [[Dorfhain]]
* [[Drebach]]
* [[Dreiheide]]
* [[Dresda]] &lt;small&gt;([[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Draasn'')&lt;/small&gt; 
* [[Duba]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bad Düben'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Dürrhennersdorf]]
* [[Dürrröhrsdorf-Dittersbach]]
{{div col end}}

==== E ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Ebersbach (Saxe centrale)|Ebersbach]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Aberschbuch'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ebersbach (Meissen)|Ebersbach]] (bei Großenhain)
* [[Ebersbach (Görlitz)]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; (Görlitz)
* [[Ehrenfriedersdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Eibau]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Eibe'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Eibenstock]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Eichigt]]
* [[Eilenburg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ellefeld]]
* [[Elsnig]]
* [[Elsterberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Elsterheide]]
* [[Elstertrebnitz]]
* [[Elstra]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Elterlein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Episcopi Insula]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bischofswerda'' seu ''Schiebock''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Biskopicy''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Beschwere'' seu ''Schiebock'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Eppendorf (Saxe)|Eppendorf]]
* [[Erlau]]
* [[Erlbach (Vogtland)|Erlbach]]
* [[Erlbach-Kirchberg]]
* [[Espenhain]]
{{div col end}}

==== F ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Falkenau]]
* [[Falkenhain]]
* [[Falkenstein/Vogtl.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Flöha]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Frankenberg (Saxe)|Frankenberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Frankenstein (Saxe)|Frankenstein]]
* [[Frankenthal (Saxe)|Frankenthal]]
* [[Frauenstein (Saxe)|Frauenstein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Fraureuth]]
* [[Freiberg (Saxe)|Freiberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Freital]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Frohburg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== G ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Gablenz (Saxe)|Gablenz]]
* [[Geising]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Geithain]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Gelenau/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Geringswalde]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Gersdorf]]
* [[Geyer (Saxe)|Geyer]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Glashütte]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Glaubitz]]
* [[Glauchau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Göda]]
* [[Gohrisch]]
* [[Görlitz]] &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] '''')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Gornau/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Gornsdorf]]
* [[Gottleubia-Mons Gieshubelus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;&gt;Sehling, E. (1902). ''Die evangelischen Kirchenordnungen des XVI. Jahrhunderts. Band I: Sachsen (De parochia et inspectione Gottleubiae)''. Lipsiae: O. R. Reisland.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bad Gottleuba-Berggießhübel'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Grimma]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Gröditz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Groitzsch]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großbothen]]
* [[Groß Düben]]
* [[Großdubrau]]
* [[Großenhain]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großharthau]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Hoarde'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großhartmannsdorf]]
* [[Großhennersdorf]]
* [[Großnaundorf]]
* [[Großolbersdorf]]
* [[Großpösna]]
* [[Großpostwitz]]
* [[Großröhrsdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Rihrschdurf'' seu ''Gaage'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großrückerswalde]]
* [[Großschirma]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großschönau (Saxe)|Großschönau]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Grußschiene'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großschweidnitz]]
* [[Großtreben-Zwethau]]
* [[Großweitzschen]]
* [[Grünbach (Saxe)|Grünbach]]
* [[Grünhain-Beierfeld]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Grünhainichen]]
* [[Guttau]]
{{div col end}}

==== H ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Hähnichen]]
* [[Hainewalde]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Heenewaale'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hainichen (urbs)|Hainichen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Halsbrücke]]
* [[Hammerbrücke]]
* [[Hartenstein (Saxe)|Hartenstein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hartha]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hartmannsdorf (Saxe centrale)|Hartmannsdorf]]
* [[Hartmannsdorf bei Kirchberg]]
* [[Hartmannsdorf-Reichenau]]
* [[Haselbachtal]]
* [[Heidenau (Saxe)|Heidenau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Heidersdorf]]
* [[Heinsdorfergrund]]
* [[Hermsdorf/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Herrnhut]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hirschfeld (Saxe)|Hirschfeld]]
* [[Hirschstein]]
* [[Hochkirch]]
* [[Höckendorf]]
* [[Hohburg]]
* [[Hohendubrau]]
* [[Hohenstein-Ernstthal]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hohndorf]]
* [[Hohnstein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Horka]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Hurke'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hormersdorf]]
* [[Hoyerswerda]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== I ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Indago Baltgeri]]&lt;ref name=&quot;SS 1296&quot;&gt;Sächsisches Staatsarchiv (1296). ''Urkunden und Grenzabgrenzungen des Ritterguts Belgershain im Erbamt Grimma (Indago Baltgeri)''. Hauptstaatsarchiv Dresden.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Belgershain'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== J ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Jahnsdorf/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Jesewitz]]
* [[Johanngeorgenstadt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Jöhstadt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Jonsdorf]]
{{div col end}}

==== K ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Käbschütztal]]
* [[Kamenz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ketzerbachtal]]
* [[Kirchberg (Saxe)|Kirchberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Kirnitzschtal]]
* [[Kitzen]]
* [[Kitzscher]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Klingenthal]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Klipphausen]]
* [[Kodersdorf]]
* [[Kohren-Sahlis]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Königsbrück]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Königsfeld (Saxe)|Königsfeld]]
* [[Königshain (Görlitz)|Königshain]] (Görlitz)
* [[Königshain-Wiederau]]
* [[Königstein (Sächsische Schweiz)]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Königswalde]]
* [[Königswartha]]
* [[Krauschwitz (Saxe)|Krauschwitz]]
* [[Kreba-Neudorf]]
* [[Kreischa]]
* [[Kriebstein]]
* [[Krostitz]]
* [[Kubschütz]]
{{div col end}}

==== L ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Lampertswalde]]
* [[Langenbernsdorf]]
* [[Langenweißbach]]
* [[Laußig]]
* [[Laußnitz]]
* [[Lauta]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lawalde]]
* [[Leipzig]] &lt;small&gt;([[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Leisnig]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lengefeld]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lengenfeld (Saxe)|Lengenfeld]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Leuben-Schleinitz]]
* [[Leubnitz]]
* [[Leubsdorf (Saxe)|Leubsdorf]]
* [[Leutersdorf (Saxe)|Leutersdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Leckerschdurf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lichtenau (Saxe)|Lichtenau]]
* [[Lichtenberg (Bautzen)|Lichtenberg]] (Bautzen)
* [[Lichtenberg/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Lichtenstein/Sa.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lichtentanne]]
* [[Liebschützberg]]
* [[Liebstadt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Limbach (Vogtland)|Limbach]] (Vogtland)
* [[Limbach-Oberfrohna]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Löbau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Liebe'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Löbnitz (Saxe)|Löbnitz]]
* [[Lohmen (Saxe)|Lohmen]]
* [[Lohsa]]
* [[Lommatzsch]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lößnitz (Saxe)|Lößnitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lugau/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lunzenau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== M ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Machern]]
* [[Malschwitz]]
* [[Marienberg (Saxe)|Marienberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Markersdorf (Saxe)|Markersdorf]]
* [[Markkleeberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Markneukirchen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Markranstädt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Meerane]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mehltheuer]]
* [[Meißen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mildenau]]
* [[Mittelherwigsdorf]]
* [[Mittweida]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mochau]]
* [[Mockrehna]]
* [[Molendinorum Vallis (Saxonia)|Molendinorum Vallis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Mühlental'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mons Praetorianus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;&gt;Mencken, J. B. (1728). ''Scriptores rerum Germanicarum, praecipue Saxonicarum, in quibus scriptores aliquot rariotes nusquam adhuc editi''. [[Lipsia]]e: E. Martini.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Amtsberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Montes (Saxonia)|Montes]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bergen'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Morgenröthe-Rautenkranz]]
* [[Moritzburg (Saxe)|Moritzburg]]
* [[Mücka]]
* [[Mügeln]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Müglitztal]]
* [[Mühlau (Saxe)|Mühlau]]
* [[Mühltroff]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mulda/Sa.]]
* [[Mülsen]]
* [[Muscavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;UW 1685&quot;&gt;Universität Wittenberg (1685). ''Album Academiae Vitebergensis: Tituli, inscriptiones et matriculae studiosorum (Johannes Henricus Cuntze, Muscavia-Lusatus)''. Ex officina typographica.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Muskau''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Mužakow'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mutzschen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mylau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== N ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Narsdorf]]
* [[Naundorf (Saxe)|Naundorf]]
* [[Naunhof]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Nauwalde]]
* [[Nebelschütz]]
* [[Neißeaue]]
* [[Nerchau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neschwitz]]
* [[Netzschkau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neuensalz]]
* [[Neugersdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Gierschdurf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neuhausen/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Neukieritzsch]]
* [[Neukirch (bei Königsbrück)|Neukirch]] (bei Königsbrück)
* [[Neukirch (Lusace)|Neukirch]] (Lusace) &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Neungirch'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neukirchen/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Neukirchen/Pleiße]]
* [[Neukyhna]]
* [[Neumark (Saxe)|Neumark]]
* [[Neusalza-Spremberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neustadt in Sachsen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neustadt/Vogtl.]]
* [[Niederau]]
* [[Niedercunnersdorf]]
* [[Niederdorf (Saxe)|Niederdorf]]
* [[Niederfrohna]]
* [[Niederstriegis]]
* [[Niederwiesa]]
* [[Niederwürschnitz]]
* [[Niesky]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Nossen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Nünchritz]]
{{div col end}}

==== O ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Obercunnersdorf]]
* [[Obergurig]]
* [[Oberlungwitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oberschöna]]
* [[Oberwiera]]
* [[Oberwiesenthal]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oderwitz]]
* [[Oederan]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oelsnitz/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oelsnitz/Vogtl.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ohorn]]
* [[Olbernhau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Olbersdorf]]
* [[Oppach]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] '''' et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Uppch'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oschatz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oßling]]
* [[Ostrau (Saxe)|Ostrau]]
* [[Ostritz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ottendorf-Okrilla]]
* [[Otterwisch]]
* [[Owa-Palus Slemensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;&quot;&gt;Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Naumburg (1999). ''Regesta et diplomata episcopatus Naumburgensis (1207-1304)''. (Ed. ab H. J. Kirsch). [[Colonia Agrippina|Coloniae Agrippinae]]: Böhlau Verlag.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1730&quot;&gt;Mencken, J. B. (1730). ''Scriptores rerum Germanicarum, praecipue Saxonicarum, in quibus scriptores aliquot rariotes nusquam adhuc editi''. Lipsiae: E. Martini.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Aue-Bad Schlema'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oybin]]
{{div col end}}

==== P ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Palus Regia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bad Lausick'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Panschwitz-Kuckau]]
* [[Parthenstein]]
* [[Pausa (Saxe)|Pausa]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Pegau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Penig]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Petra Ursi (Saxonia)|Petra Ursi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bärenstein'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Pfaffroda]]
* [[Pirna (urbs)|Pirna]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Plauen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Pobershau]]
* [[Pockau]]
* [[Pöhl]]
* [[Porschdorf]]
* [[Pratum Capreoli]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bockau''; dialectaliter ''Bucke'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Pretzschendorf]]
* [[Priestewitz]]
* [[Pulsnitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Bolzns'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Puschwitz]]
{{div col end}}

==== Q ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Quitzdorf am See]]
{{div col end}}

==== R ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Rabenau (Saxe)|Rabenau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Räckelwitz]]
* [[Rackwitz]]
* [[Radeberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Radebeul]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Radeburg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Radibor]]
* [[Ralbitz-Rosenthal]]
* [[Rammenau]]
* [[Raschau-Markersbach]]
* [[Rathen]]
* [[Rathmannsdorf]]
* [[Rechenberg-Bienenmühle]]
* [[Regis-Breitingen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Reichenbach im Vogtland]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Reichenbach (Haute-Lusace)|Reichenbach]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; (Haute-Lusace)
* [[Reinhardtsdorf-Schöna]]
* [[Reinsberg (Saxe)|Reinsberg]]
* [[Reinsdorf (Saxe)|Reinsdorf]]
* [[Remse]]
* [[Reuth (Saxe)|Reuth]]
* [[Riesa]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Rietschen]]
* [[Rochlitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Röderaue]]
* [[Rodewisch]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Rosenbach]]
* [[Rosenthal-Bielatal]]
* [[Rossau (Saxe)|Rossau]]
* [[Roßwein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Rötha]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Rothenburg (Haute-Lusace)|Rothenburg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== S ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Sayda]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Scheibenberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schirgiswalde-Kirschau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Schirgswaale-Kirsche'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schkeuditz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schleife (Saxe)|Schleife]]
* [[Schlettau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schmiedeberg (Saxe)|Schmiedeberg]]
* [[Schmölln-Putzkau]]
* [[Schneeberg (Saxe)|Schneeberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schönau-Berzdorf]]
* [[Schönbach (Saxe)|Schönbach]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Schimmch'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schönberg (Saxe)|Schönberg]]
* [[Schöneck/Vogtl.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schönfeld (Saxe)|Schönfeld]]
* [[Schönheide]]
* [[Schönteichen]]
* [[Schönwölkau]]
* [[Schöpstal]]
* [[Schwarzenberg/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schwepnitz]]
* [[Sebnitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Securiferi Roturatio]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Beilrode'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Seelitz]]
* [[Sehmatal]]
* [[Seiffen/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Seifhennersdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Hennerschdurf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Sitavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Zittau'' et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Žitawa''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Sitte'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Sohland an der Spree]]
* [[Sohland am Rotstein]]
* [[Sornzig-Ablaß]]
* [[Sosa (Saxe)|Sosa]]
* [[Spreetal]]
* [[Stadt Wehlen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Stauchitz]]
* [[St. Egidien]]
* [[Steina]]
* [[Steinberg (Saxe)|Steinberg]]
* [[Steinigtwolmsdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] '''' et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Wunnsdurf'' seu ''Wumpe'' seu ''Steenigwupte'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Stollberg/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Stolpen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Strahwalde]]
* [[Strehla]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Striegistal]]
* [[Struppen]]
* [[Stützengrün]]
* [[Syrau]]
{{div col end}}

==== T ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Tannenberg (Sachsen)|Tannenberg]]
* [[Tannenbergsthal]]
* [[Taucha]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Taura]]
* [[Tauscha]]
* [[Thalheim/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Thallwitz]]
* [[Tharandt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Thermalbad Wiesenbad]]
* [[Theuma]]
* [[Thiendorf]]
* [[Thum]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Thümmlitzwalde]]
* [[Tirpersdorf]]
* [[Torgau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Trebendorf]]
* [[Trebsen/Mulde]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Treuen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Triebel/Vogtl.]]
* [[Triebischtal]]
* [[Trossin]]
{{div col end}}

==== V ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Vallis Ignominiosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Schandau''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Žandow'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Vallis Lutosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bahretal'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Bavari]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Beiersdorf''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bejerecy'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Bernardi (Circulus terrae Zviccaviensis)|Villa Bernardi]] &lt;small&gt;(in [[Circulus terrae Zviccaviensis|Circulo terrae Zviccaviensi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;CTZ&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen &quot;Circulus terrae Zviccaviensis&quot; -Theodisce ''Landkreis Zwickau'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma &quot;circulus terrae&quot; Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo &quot;[[Cygnea]]m&quot; -ad quod gentilicium &quot;Zviccaviensis-e&quot; refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}. Quo de gentilicio, confer &quot;[[Codex Statutorum Zviccaviensium|Codex Statutorum Zviccaviensium]]&quot;, anno [[1348]] scriptum.&lt;/ref&gt;)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bernsdorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Bernardi (Lusatia Superior)|Villa Bernardi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; (in [[Lusatia superior|Lusatia Superior]]e) &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bernsdorf''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Njedźichow'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Bertholdi Montana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Prochno 1939&quot;&gt;Prochno, J. (1939). ''Zittauer Urkundenbuch, Band 1: Regesten zur Geschichte der Stadt und des Landes Zittau 1234–1437''. [[Sitavia]]e: Mitteilungen del Zittauer Geschichts- und Museumsvereins.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bertsdorf-Hörnitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Boni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bennewitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Panis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1730&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bannewitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== W ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Wachau (Saxe)|Wachau]]
* [[Waldenbourg (Saxe)|Waldenbourg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Waldheim]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Waldhufen-Vierkirchen]]
* [[Wechselburg]]
* [[Weinböhla]]
* [[Weischlitz]]
* [[Weißenberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Weißenborn/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Weißig am Raschütz]]
* [[Weißkeißel]]
* [[Weißwasser]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Werda]]
* [[Werdau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wermsdorf]]
* [[Wiedemar]]
* [[Wiednitz]]
* [[Wildenfels]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wildenhain]]
* [[Wilkau-Haßlau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wilsdruff]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wilthen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wittichenau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wolkenstein (Saxe)|Wolkenstein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wülknitz]]
* [[Wurzen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== Z ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Zabeltitz]]
* [[Zeithain]]
* [[Zettlitz]]
* [[Ziegra-Knobelsdorf]]
* [[Zinna]]
* [[Zöblitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zschadraß]]
* [[Zschaitz-Ottewig]]
* [[Zschepplin]]
* [[Zschopau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zschorlau]]
* [[Zwenkau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zwickau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zwochau]]
* [[Zwönitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zwota]]
{{div col end}}

==Notae==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Urbes Saxoniae]]</text>
      <sha1>8tcoy02hxl8ax45obmk1s3lib71prbv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964319</id>
      <parentid>3964313</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-11T00:15:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Cyprianus Marcus</username>
        <id>66550</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>3964319</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="35812" sha1="58gozue8rxrnb9jqm8lao77o98gn6f0" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Municipalities in Saxony.svg|thumb|550px|Urbes et communia [[Saxonia]]e (Kalendis Ianuariis anni 2023).]]
'''Index [[urbs|urbium]] et [[commune|communium]] in [[Saxonia]]''' omnes sedes in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|Civitate Foederata Libera]] Saxoniae recenset. [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|Civitas Foederata Libera]] [[Germania|Germanica]] [[Saxonia]], e [[1 Ianuarii|Kalendis Ianuariis]] anni [[2023]], ex universis 418 sedibus politice sui iuris constat.

Quae ita distribuuntur:

* 169 urbes ([[Theodisce]] ''Städte''), quarum:
** tres [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreie Städte''), inter quas [[Caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]] [[Dresda]] est;
** 166 urbes magnae [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiectae (Theodisce ''kreisangehörige Städte'');
* 249 communium circulo subiecta.

158 sedes, quarum 48 urbes, ad negotia administrationis suae gerenda in 64 consociationes administrativas (Theodisce ''Verwaltungsgemeinschaften'') et 21 communia in sex foedera administrativa (Theodisce ''Verwaltungsverbände'') coierunt.

Die [[3 Octobris]] anni [[1990]] adhuc 1626 sedes exstabant. Quarum numerus, ex illo tempore, ad circiter quartam partem imminutus est.&lt;ref name=&quot;Entwicklung&quot;&gt;''Entwicklung der Verwaltungsgliederung des Freistaates Sachsen'' (Theodisce). Ab Officio Statistico Regionalis Liberae Civitatis Saxoniae, die 4 Ianuarii 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Index sequens omnes sedes Saxoniae politice sui iuris sub nominibus officialibus recenset. Ad latus nominis Latini cuiusque sedis apparet etiam nomen officiale [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] atque [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabicum]] atque, si quod exstat, nomen in aliis linguis regionalibus. Si sedes est [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreie Städte''), urbs magna (id est, plus quam 17 500 incolas habens) [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta (Theodisce ''Große Kreisstadt''), aut simpliciter urbs, id quoque indicatur; non autem si sedes tantum commune est:

==== A ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Adorfium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbis Latinus A-D&quot;&gt;[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&amp;cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&amp;lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Adorf/Vogtl.'' seu ''Adorf/Vogtland''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Adorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Aerimontium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Arzberg''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Arzberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Alnetum (Saxonia)|Alnetum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bad Elster'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Amnis Castorum et Villa Giselberti]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bobritzsch-Hilbersdorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Amnis Clarus et Bernardi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Lauter-Bernsbach'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Amnis Veprium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Brambach''; [[Varisce]] ''Brambich'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Annaberga-Buchholzia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Egli 1893&quot;&gt;Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Annaberg-Buchholz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Antiqua Mitweida]]&lt;ref name=&quot;IfSGuV 2008&quot;&gt;Institut für Sächsische Geschichte und Volkskunde (2008). ''Altmittweida (antiqua Miteweide)''. Historisches Ortsverzeichnis von Sachsen [HOV]. &lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Altmittweida'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Antiquus Mons (Saxonia)|Antiquus Mons]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hrubý 2024&quot;&gt;Hrubý, P. (2014). Medieval Mining Centre of Buchberg in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands: Metal Production in the Kingdom of Bohemia (13th-14th Centuries) (Antiquus Mons - Altenberg). ''Praehistorica'' 31 (2).&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Altenberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Arnoldi Villa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;&gt;Schöttgen, C., &amp; Kreysig, G. C. (1755). ''Diplomataria et scriptores historiae Germanicae medii aevi''. Altenburgi: Richter.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Arnsdorf''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Warnoćicy'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Auerbachium (Montes Metalliferi)|Auerbachium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Auerbach'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Auerbachium Vogtlandiae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1730&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Auerbach/Vogtl.'' seu ''Auerbach/Vogtland''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Auerbach'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Augustoburgum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;&gt;{{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Augustusburg'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== B ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Belgora-Schildavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;SS 2024&quot;&gt;Sächsisches Staatsarchiv (2024). ''Regesta et diplomata episcopatus Misnensis: De vectigalibus fluminis Albis inter Belgoram et Misnam anno 979 concesis''. Hauptstaatsarchiv Dresden.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Belgern-Schildau'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Belina (Saxonia)|Belina]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Böhlen'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Boernichenium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Börnichen/Erzgeb.'' seu ''Börnichen/Erzgebirge'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Boesenbrunnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bösenbrunn'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Borna (Saxonia)|Borna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf V 1865&quot;&gt;Gersdorf, E. G. (Ed.) (1865). ''Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae. Haupttheil I, Band 5: Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Meissen''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Borna''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Borno'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Borsdorfia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Leibniz 2021&quot;&gt;Leibniz, G. W. (2021). ''Sämtliche Schriften und Briefe. Reihe I: Allgemeiner politischer und historischer Briefwechsel (Band 20: Juli 1701 – März 1702)''. Gottfried-Wilhelm-Leibniz-Bibliothek Hannover.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Borsdorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Boxberga (Saxonia)|Boxberga]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Jecht 1920&quot;&gt;Jecht, R. (Ed.) (1920). ''Codex Diplomaticus Lusatiae Superioris II, Band 1: Urkundenbuch der Stadt Görlitz und ihrer Klöster (1366)''. [[Gorlicium Germaniae|Gorlicii]]: Oberlausitzische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Boxberg/O.L.''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Hamor'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Brandisa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Brandis'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Breitenbrunnum (Montes Metalliferi)|Breitenbrunnum]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Breitenbrunn/Erzgeb.'' seu ''Breitenbrunn/Erzgebirge'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Budissa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bautzen''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Budyšin'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Burcardisdorfium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Burkhardtsdorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Burckavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Burkau''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Porchow''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Burke'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Burgstadtium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;AML 1724&quot;&gt;Ab [[Alma Mater Lipsiensis|Alma Matre Lipsiensi]] (1724). ''Die Matrikel der Universität Leipzig: Register der Studiosi und akademischen Grade (Johannes Christopherus Schulze, Burgstadtium-Misnicus)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Burgstädt'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== C ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Calemberga]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Tschackert 1889&quot;&gt;Tschackert, P. (Ed.) (1889). ''Briefwechsel des Antonius Corvinus''. Karl J. Trübner.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Callenberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Cavertizia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posee 1882&quot;&gt;Posse, O. (Ed.) (1882). ''Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae: Haupttheil I, Band 1. Urkunden der Markgrafen von Meißen und Landgrafen von Thüringen (948–1099)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Cavertitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Chemnicium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbis Latinus A-D&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Chemnitz''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Kamjenica'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Civitas Bernardi in Proprio]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bernstadt auf dem Eigen'' seu ''Bernstadt a. d. Eigen''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bjenadźicy'')&lt;/small&gt; 
* [[Clausenitia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posse 1881&quot;&gt;Posse, O. (1881). ''Die Markgrafen von Meissen und das Haus Wettin: Im Zusammenhange mit der Geschichte des Reichs''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Claußnitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Colditia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbis Latinus A-D&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Colditz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Cozwicia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posee 1882&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Coswig'' seu ''Coswig bei Dresden''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Kosowiki'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Crimnicium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;&gt;Gersdorf, E. G. (Ed.) (1864). ''Urkundenbuch del Hochstifts Meißen (Band 1)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Crimmitschau'' seu ''Crimmitzschau'' seu ''Krimmitschau'' seu ''Krimmitzschau'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Crinitzberga]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Niels 1729&quot;&gt;Niels, L. (Ed.) (1729). ''Opera omnia: De Marchia et finitimis Saxoniae regionibus''. Francofurti &amp; Lipsiae.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Crinitzberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Crostwicia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posse 1883&quot;&gt;Posse, O. (Ed.) (1883). ''Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae: Haupttheil I, Band 3. Urkunden der Markgrafen von Meißen und Landgrafen von Thüringen (1196–1234)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Crostwitz''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Chrósćicy'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Crottendorfium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiessner 1937&quot;&gt;Wiessner, H. (1937). ''Das Bistum Naumburg: Die Diözese'' (Vol. 1). Berolini: Walter de Gruyter &amp; Co.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Crottendorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Cunionissilva]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posee 1882&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Cunewalde''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Kumwałd''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Cunewaale'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== D ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Debelum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Döbeln''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Doblin'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Delicia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Delitzsch''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Delič'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Demicium-Thumicium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ermisch 1899&quot;&gt;Ermisch, H. (Ed.) (1899). ''Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae: Haupttheil I, Band B-4. Urkunden der Markgrafen von Meißen (1381–1427)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Demitz-Thumitz''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Zemicy-Tumicy'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Denheritium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dennheritz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Derium-Cyrenium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ermisch 1899&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Diera-Zehren'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Dippoldiswalda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Kleppisius 1804&quot;&gt;Kleppisius, G. (1804). ''Epitaphium veneratae caniciei senioris Gregorii Kleppisii. En Neues allgemeines Intelligenzblatt für Literatur und Kunst''. Lipsiae: Johann Conrad Hinrichs.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Dippoldiswalde''; colloquialiter ''Dipps'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Doberschizium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Doberschütz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Dobrusium-Gussigium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ermisch 1899&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Doberschau-Gaußig''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Dobruša-Huska'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Doma (Saxonia)|Doma]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posern-Klett 1875&quot;&gt;Posern-Klett, K. F. von (Ed.) (1875). ''Urkundenbuch der Städte Dresden und Pirna''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dohma'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Dommitzia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dommitzsch''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Domič'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Doninburgum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dohna''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Donin'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Drebachium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Müller 1715&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Drebach'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Dresda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dresden''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Drježdźany''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Draasn'')&lt;/small&gt; 
* [[Duba]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bad Düben'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== E ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Ebersbach (Saxe centrale)|Ebersbach]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Aberschbuch'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ebersbach (Meissen)|Ebersbach]] (bei Großenhain)
* [[Ebersbach (Görlitz)]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; (Görlitz)
* [[Ehrenfriedersdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Eibau]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Eibe'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Eibenstock]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Eichigt]]
* [[Eilenburg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ellefeld]]
* [[Elsnig]]
* [[Elsterberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Elsterheide]]
* [[Elstertrebnitz]]
* [[Elstra]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Elterlein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Episcopi Insula]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bischofswerda'' seu ''Schiebock''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Biskopicy''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Beschwere'' seu ''Schiebock'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Eppendorf (Saxe)|Eppendorf]]
* [[Erlau]]
* [[Erlbach (Vogtland)|Erlbach]]
* [[Erlbach-Kirchberg]]
* [[Espenhain]]
{{div col end}}

==== F ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Falkenau]]
* [[Falkenhain]]
* [[Falkenstein/Vogtl.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Flöha]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Frankenberg (Saxe)|Frankenberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Frankenstein (Saxe)|Frankenstein]]
* [[Frankenthal (Saxe)|Frankenthal]]
* [[Frauenstein (Saxe)|Frauenstein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Fraureuth]]
* [[Freiberg (Saxe)|Freiberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Freital]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Frohburg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== G ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Gablenz (Saxe)|Gablenz]]
* [[Geising]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Geithain]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Gelenau/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Geringswalde]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Gersdorf]]
* [[Geyer (Saxe)|Geyer]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Glashütte]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Glaubitz]]
* [[Glauchau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Göda]]
* [[Gohrisch]]
* [[Görlitz]] &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] '''')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Gornau/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Gornsdorf]]
* [[Gottleubia-Mons Gieshubelus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;&gt;Sehling, E. (1902). ''Die evangelischen Kirchenordnungen des XVI. Jahrhunderts. Band I: Sachsen (De parochia et inspectione Gottleubiae)''. Lipsiae: O. R. Reisland.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bad Gottleuba-Berggießhübel'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Grimma]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Gröditz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Groitzsch]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großbothen]]
* [[Groß Düben]]
* [[Großdubrau]]
* [[Großenhain]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großharthau]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Hoarde'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großhartmannsdorf]]
* [[Großhennersdorf]]
* [[Großnaundorf]]
* [[Großolbersdorf]]
* [[Großpösna]]
* [[Großpostwitz]]
* [[Großröhrsdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Rihrschdurf'' seu ''Gaage'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großrückerswalde]]
* [[Großschirma]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großschönau (Saxe)|Großschönau]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Grußschiene'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großschweidnitz]]
* [[Großtreben-Zwethau]]
* [[Großweitzschen]]
* [[Grünbach (Saxe)|Grünbach]]
* [[Grünhain-Beierfeld]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Grünhainichen]]
* [[Guttau]]
{{div col end}}

==== H ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Hähnichen]]
* [[Hainewalde]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Heenewaale'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hainichen (urbs)|Hainichen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Halsbrücke]]
* [[Hammerbrücke]]
* [[Hartenstein (Saxe)|Hartenstein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hartha]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hartmannsdorf (Saxe centrale)|Hartmannsdorf]]
* [[Hartmannsdorf bei Kirchberg]]
* [[Hartmannsdorf-Reichenau]]
* [[Haselbachtal]]
* [[Heidenau (Saxe)|Heidenau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Heidersdorf]]
* [[Heinsdorfergrund]]
* [[Henrici Villa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dürrhennersdorf''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Suche Hendrichecy'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hermsdorf/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Herrnhut]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hirschfeld (Saxe)|Hirschfeld]]
* [[Hirschstein]]
* [[Hochkirch]]
* [[Höckendorf]]
* [[Hohburg]]
* [[Hohendubrau]]
* [[Hohenstein-Ernstthal]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hohndorf]]
* [[Hohnstein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Horka]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Hurke'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hormersdorf]]
* [[Hoyerswerda]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== I ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Indago Baltgeri]]&lt;ref name=&quot;SS 1296&quot;&gt;Sächsisches Staatsarchiv (1296). ''Urkunden und Grenzabgrenzungen des Ritterguts Belgershain im Erbamt Grimma (Indago Baltgeri)''. Hauptstaatsarchiv Dresden.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Belgershain'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== J ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Jahnsdorf/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Jesewitz]]
* [[Johanngeorgenstadt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Jöhstadt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Jonsdorf]]
{{div col end}}

==== K ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Käbschütztal]]
* [[Kamenz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ketzerbachtal]]
* [[Kirchberg (Saxe)|Kirchberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Kirnitzschtal]]
* [[Kitzen]]
* [[Kitzscher]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Klingenthal]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Klipphausen]]
* [[Kodersdorf]]
* [[Kohren-Sahlis]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Königsbrück]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Königsfeld (Saxe)|Königsfeld]]
* [[Königshain (Görlitz)|Königshain]] (Görlitz)
* [[Königshain-Wiederau]]
* [[Königstein (Sächsische Schweiz)]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Königswalde]]
* [[Königswartha]]
* [[Krauschwitz (Saxe)|Krauschwitz]]
* [[Kreba-Neudorf]]
* [[Kreischa]]
* [[Kriebstein]]
* [[Krostitz]]
* [[Kubschütz]]
{{div col end}}

==== L ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Lampertswalde]]
* [[Langenbernsdorf]]
* [[Langenweißbach]]
* [[Laußig]]
* [[Laußnitz]]
* [[Lauta]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lawalde]]
* [[Lipsia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Leisnig]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lengefeld]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lengenfeld (Saxe)|Lengenfeld]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Leuben-Schleinitz]]
* [[Leubnitz]]
* [[Leubsdorf (Saxe)|Leubsdorf]]
* [[Leutersdorf (Saxe)|Leutersdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Leckerschdurf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lichtenau (Saxe)|Lichtenau]]
* [[Lichtenberg (Bautzen)|Lichtenberg]] (Bautzen)
* [[Lichtenberg/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Lichtenstein/Sa.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lichtentanne]]
* [[Liebschützberg]]
* [[Liebstadt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Limbach (Vogtland)|Limbach]] (Vogtland)
* [[Limbach-Oberfrohna]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Löbau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Liebe'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Löbnitz (Saxe)|Löbnitz]]
* [[Lohmen (Saxe)|Lohmen]]
* [[Lohsa]]
* [[Lommatzsch]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lößnitz (Saxe)|Lößnitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lugau/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lunzenau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== M ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Machern]]
* [[Malschwitz]]
* [[Marienberg (Saxe)|Marienberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Markersdorf (Saxe)|Markersdorf]]
* [[Markkleeberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Markneukirchen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Markranstädt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Meerane]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mehltheuer]]
* [[Meißen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mildenau]]
* [[Mittelherwigsdorf]]
* [[Mittweida]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mochau]]
* [[Mockrehna]]
* [[Molendinorum Vallis (Saxonia)|Molendinorum Vallis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Mühlental'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mons Praetorianus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;&gt;Mencken, J. B. (1728). ''Scriptores rerum Germanicarum, praecipue Saxonicarum, in quibus scriptores aliquot rariotes nusquam adhuc editi''. [[Lipsia]]e: E. Martini; et: Mencken, J. B. (1728). ''Scriptores rerum Germanicarum, praecipue Saxonicarum'' (Tomus I). Lipsiae: Ioannes Christianus Martinus.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Amtsberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Montes (Saxonia)|Montes]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bergen'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Morgenröthe-Rautenkranz]]
* [[Moritzburg (Saxe)|Moritzburg]]
* [[Mücka]]
* [[Mügeln]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Müglitztal]]
* [[Mühlau (Saxe)|Mühlau]]
* [[Mühltroff]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mulda/Sa.]]
* [[Mülsen]]
* [[Muscavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;UW 1685&quot;&gt;Universität Wittenberg (1685). ''Album Academiae Vitebergensis: Tituli, inscriptiones et matriculae studiosorum (Johannes Henricus Cuntze, Muscavia-Lusatus)''. Ex officina typographica.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Muskau''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Mužakow'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mutzschen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mylau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== N ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Narsdorf]]
* [[Naundorf (Saxe)|Naundorf]]
* [[Naunhof]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Nauwalde]]
* [[Nebelschütz]]
* [[Neißeaue]]
* [[Neovilla Germanica]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Müller 1715&quot;&gt;Müller, C. (1715). ''Saxoniae Electoralis Descriptio Historico-Geographica''. Lipsiae: Officina Gleditschiana.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Deutschneudorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Nerchau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neschwitz]]
* [[Netzschkau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neuensalz]]
* [[Neugersdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Gierschdurf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neuhausen/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Neukieritzsch]]
* [[Neukirch (bei Königsbrück)|Neukirch]] (bei Königsbrück)
* [[Neukirch (Lusace)|Neukirch]] (Lusace) &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Neungirch'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neukirchen/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Neukirchen/Pleiße]]
* [[Neukyhna]]
* [[Neumark (Saxe)|Neumark]]
* [[Neusalza-Spremberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neustadt in Sachsen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neustadt/Vogtl.]]
* [[Niederau]]
* [[Niedercunnersdorf]]
* [[Niederdorf (Saxe)|Niederdorf]]
* [[Niederfrohna]]
* [[Niederstriegis]]
* [[Niederwiesa]]
* [[Niederwürschnitz]]
* [[Niesky]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Nossen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Nünchritz]]
{{div col end}}

==== O ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Obercunnersdorf]]
* [[Obergurig]]
* [[Oberlungwitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oberschöna]]
* [[Oberwiera]]
* [[Oberwiesenthal]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oderwitz]]
* [[Oederan]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oelsnitz/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oelsnitz/Vogtl.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ohorn]]
* [[Olbernhau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Olbersdorf]]
* [[Oppach]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] '''' et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Uppch'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oschatz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oßling]]
* [[Ostrau (Saxe)|Ostrau]]
* [[Ostritz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ottendorf-Okrilla]]
* [[Otterwisch]]
* [[Owa-Palus Slemensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;&quot;&gt;Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Naumburg (1999). ''Regesta et diplomata episcopatus Naumburgensis (1207-1304)''. (Ed. ab H. J. Kirsch). [[Colonia Agrippina|Coloniae Agrippinae]]: Böhlau Verlag.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1730&quot;&gt;Mencken, J. B. (1730). ''Scriptores rerum Germanicarum, praecipue Saxonicarum, in quibus scriptores aliquot rariotes nusquam adhuc editi''. Lipsiae: E. Martini.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Aue-Bad Schlema'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oybin]]
{{div col end}}

==== P ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Palus Regia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bad Lausick'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Panschwitz-Kuckau]]
* [[Parthenstein]]
* [[Pausa (Saxe)|Pausa]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Pegau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Penig]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Petra Ursi (Saxonia)|Petra Ursi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bärenstein'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Pfaffroda]]
* [[Pirna (urbs)|Pirna]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Plauen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Pobershau]]
* [[Pockau]]
* [[Pöhl]]
* [[Porschdorf]]
* [[Pratum Capreoli]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bockau''; dialectaliter ''Bucke'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Pretzschendorf]]
* [[Priestewitz]]
* [[Pulsnitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Bolzns'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Puschwitz]]
{{div col end}}

==== Q ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Quitzdorf am See]]
{{div col end}}

==== R ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Rabenau (Saxe)|Rabenau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Räckelwitz]]
* [[Rackwitz]]
* [[Radeberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Radebeul]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Radeburg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Radibor]]
* [[Ralbitz-Rosenthal]]
* [[Rammenau]]
* [[Raschau-Markersbach]]
* [[Rathen]]
* [[Rathmannsdorf]]
* [[Rechenberg-Bienenmühle]]
* [[Regis-Breitingen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Reichenbach im Vogtland]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Reichenbach (Haute-Lusace)|Reichenbach]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; (Haute-Lusace)
* [[Reinhardtsdorf-Schöna]]
* [[Reinsberg (Saxe)|Reinsberg]]
* [[Reinsdorf (Saxe)|Reinsdorf]]
* [[Remse]]
* [[Reuth (Saxe)|Reuth]]
* [[Riesa]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Rietschen]]
* [[Rochlitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Röderaue]]
* [[Rodewisch]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Rosenbach]]
* [[Rosenthal-Bielatal]]
* [[Rossau (Saxe)|Rossau]]
* [[Roßwein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Rötha]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Rothenburg (Haute-Lusace)|Rothenburg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Rudigerivilla Arida-Theodericibachium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posee 1882&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dürrröhrsdorf-Dittersbach'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== S ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Sayda]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Scheibenberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schirgiswalde-Kirschau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Schirgswaale-Kirsche'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schkeuditz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schleife (Saxe)|Schleife]]
* [[Schlettau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schmiedeberg (Saxe)|Schmiedeberg]]
* [[Schmölln-Putzkau]]
* [[Schneeberg (Saxe)|Schneeberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schönau-Berzdorf]]
* [[Schönbach (Saxe)|Schönbach]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Schimmch'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schönberg (Saxe)|Schönberg]]
* [[Schöneck/Vogtl.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schönfeld (Saxe)|Schönfeld]]
* [[Schönheide]]
* [[Schönteichen]]
* [[Schönwölkau]]
* [[Schöpstal]]
* [[Schwarzenberg/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schwepnitz]]
* [[Sebnitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Securiferi Roturatio]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Beilrode'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Seelitz]]
* [[Sehmatal]]
* [[Seiffen/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Seifhennersdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Hennerschdurf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Sitavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Zittau'' et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Žitawa''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Sitte'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Sohland an der Spree]]
* [[Sohland am Rotstein]]
* [[Sornzig-Ablaß]]
* [[Sosa (Saxe)|Sosa]]
* [[Spreetal]]
* [[Stadt Wehlen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Stauchitz]]
* [[St. Egidien]]
* [[Steina]]
* [[Steinberg (Saxe)|Steinberg]]
* [[Steinigtwolmsdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] '''' et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Wunnsdurf'' seu ''Wumpe'' seu ''Steenigwupte'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Stollberg/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Stolpen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Strahwalde]]
* [[Strehla]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Striegistal]]
* [[Struppen]]
* [[Stützengrün]]
* [[Syrau]]
{{div col end}}

==== T ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Tannenberg (Sachsen)|Tannenberg]]
* [[Tannenbergsthal]]
* [[Taucha]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Taura]]
* [[Tauscha]]
* [[Thalheim/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Thallwitz]]
* [[Tharandt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Thermalbad Wiesenbad]]
* [[Theuma]]
* [[Thiendorf]]
* [[Thum]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Thümmlitzwalde]]
* [[Tirpersdorf]]
* [[Tollanum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbis Latinus N-Z&quot;&gt;[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&amp;cq=M%C3%BCnchen&amp;lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlen''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Dolan'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Torgau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Trebendorf]]
* [[Trebsen/Mulde]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Treuen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Triebel/Vogtl.]]
* [[Triebischtal]]
* [[Trimurica]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posse 1883&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hanspach 2014&quot;&gt;Hanspach, D. (2024). ''Silva, nemus, merica, forestum: Die ältesten schriftlichen Wald- und Heidebelege im Lehnbuch Friedrich des Strengen''. In ''Arbeits- und Forschungsberichte zur sächsischen Bodendenkmalpflege'' (Band 32). Dresdae: Landesamt für Archäologie Sachsen.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dreiheide'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Trossin]]
{{div col end}}

==== V ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Vallis Ignominiosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Schandau''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Žandow'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Vallis Lutosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bahretal'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Bavari]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Beiersdorf''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bejerecy'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Bernardi (Circulus terrae Zviccaviensis)|Villa Bernardi]] &lt;small&gt;(in [[Circulus terrae Zviccaviensis|Circulo terrae Zviccaviensi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;CTZ&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen &quot;Circulus terrae Zviccaviensis&quot; -Theodisce ''Landkreis Zwickau'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma &quot;circulus terrae&quot; Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo &quot;[[Cygnea]]m&quot; -ad quod gentilicium &quot;Zviccaviensis-e&quot; refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}. Quo de gentilicio, confer &quot;[[Codex Statutorum Zviccaviensium|Codex Statutorum Zviccaviensium]]&quot;, anno [[1348]] scriptum.&lt;/ref&gt;)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bernsdorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Bernardi (Lusatia Superior)|Villa Bernardi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; (in [[Lusatia superior|Lusatia Superior]]e) &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bernsdorf''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Njedźichow'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Bertholdi Montana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Prochno 1939&quot;&gt;Prochno, J. (1939). ''Zittauer Urkundenbuch, Band 1: Regesten zur Geschichte der Stadt und des Landes Zittau 1234–1437''. [[Sitavia]]e: Mitteilungen del Zittauer Geschichts- und Museumsvereins.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bertsdorf-Hörnitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Boni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bennewitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Chemnitzia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Buddeus 1704&quot;&gt;Buddeus, J. F. (1704). ''Historia iuris naturalis, seculi iussu et auctoritate potissimum Samuelis Pufendorfii restituti''. Halae Magdeburgicae: Typis et impensis Ioannis Friderici Zeitleri.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dorfchemnitz'' seu ''Dorfchemnitz bei Sayda'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Indaginis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posse 1881&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dorfhain'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Panis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1730&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bannewitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== W ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Wachau (Saxe)|Wachau]]
* [[Waldenbourg (Saxe)|Waldenbourg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Waldheim]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Waldhufen-Vierkirchen]]
* [[Wechselburg]]
* [[Weinböhla]]
* [[Weischlitz]]
* [[Weißenberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Weißenborn/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Weißig am Raschütz]]
* [[Weißkeißel]]
* [[Weißwasser]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Werda]]
* [[Werdau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wermsdorf]]
* [[Wiedemar]]
* [[Wiednitz]]
* [[Wildenfels]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wildenhain]]
* [[Wilkau-Haßlau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wilsdruff]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wilthen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wittichenau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wolkenstein (Saxe)|Wolkenstein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wülknitz]]
* [[Wurzen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== Z ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Zabeltitz]]
* [[Zeithain]]
* [[Zettlitz]]
* [[Ziegra-Knobelsdorf]]
* [[Zinna]]
* [[Zöblitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zschadraß]]
* [[Zschaitz-Ottewig]]
* [[Zschepplin]]
* [[Zschopau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zschorlau]]
* [[Zwenkau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zwickau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zwochau]]
* [[Zwönitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zwota]]
{{div col end}}

==Notae==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Urbes Saxoniae]]</text>
      <sha1>58gozue8rxrnb9jqm8lao77o98gn6f0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964320</id>
      <parentid>3964319</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-11T00:21:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Cyprianus Marcus</username>
        <id>66550</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* L */</comment>
      <origin>3964320</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="35812" sha1="er7hnrt3metgvgk2136b8ylzqid42u5" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Municipalities in Saxony.svg|thumb|550px|Urbes et communia [[Saxonia]]e (Kalendis Ianuariis anni 2023).]]
'''Index [[urbs|urbium]] et [[commune|communium]] in [[Saxonia]]''' omnes sedes in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|Civitate Foederata Libera]] Saxoniae recenset. [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|Civitas Foederata Libera]] [[Germania|Germanica]] [[Saxonia]], e [[1 Ianuarii|Kalendis Ianuariis]] anni [[2023]], ex universis 418 sedibus politice sui iuris constat.

Quae ita distribuuntur:

* 169 urbes ([[Theodisce]] ''Städte''), quarum:
** tres [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreie Städte''), inter quas [[Caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]] [[Dresda]] est;
** 166 urbes magnae [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiectae (Theodisce ''kreisangehörige Städte'');
* 249 communium circulo subiecta.

158 sedes, quarum 48 urbes, ad negotia administrationis suae gerenda in 64 consociationes administrativas (Theodisce ''Verwaltungsgemeinschaften'') et 21 communia in sex foedera administrativa (Theodisce ''Verwaltungsverbände'') coierunt.

Die [[3 Octobris]] anni [[1990]] adhuc 1626 sedes exstabant. Quarum numerus, ex illo tempore, ad circiter quartam partem imminutus est.&lt;ref name=&quot;Entwicklung&quot;&gt;''Entwicklung der Verwaltungsgliederung des Freistaates Sachsen'' (Theodisce). Ab Officio Statistico Regionalis Liberae Civitatis Saxoniae, die 4 Ianuarii 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

Index sequens omnes sedes Saxoniae politice sui iuris sub nominibus officialibus recenset. Ad latus nominis Latini cuiusque sedis apparet etiam nomen officiale [[lingua Theodisca|Theodiscum]] atque [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabicum]] atque, si quod exstat, nomen in aliis linguis regionalibus. Si sedes est [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreie Städte''), urbs magna (id est, plus quam 17 500 incolas habens) [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta (Theodisce ''Große Kreisstadt''), aut simpliciter urbs, id quoque indicatur; non autem si sedes tantum commune est:

==== A ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Adorfium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbis Latinus A-D&quot;&gt;[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&amp;cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&amp;lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Adorf/Vogtl.'' seu ''Adorf/Vogtland''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Adorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Aerimontium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Arzberg''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Arzberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Alnetum (Saxonia)|Alnetum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bad Elster'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Amnis Castorum et Villa Giselberti]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bobritzsch-Hilbersdorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Amnis Clarus et Bernardi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Lauter-Bernsbach'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Amnis Veprium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Brambach''; [[Varisce]] ''Brambich'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Annaberga-Buchholzia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Egli 1893&quot;&gt;Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Annaberg-Buchholz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Antiqua Mitweida]]&lt;ref name=&quot;IfSGuV 2008&quot;&gt;Institut für Sächsische Geschichte und Volkskunde (2008). ''Altmittweida (antiqua Miteweide)''. Historisches Ortsverzeichnis von Sachsen [HOV]. &lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Altmittweida'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Antiquus Mons (Saxonia)|Antiquus Mons]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Hrubý 2024&quot;&gt;Hrubý, P. (2014). Medieval Mining Centre of Buchberg in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands: Metal Production in the Kingdom of Bohemia (13th-14th Centuries) (Antiquus Mons - Altenberg). ''Praehistorica'' 31 (2).&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Altenberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Arnoldi Villa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;&gt;Schöttgen, C., &amp; Kreysig, G. C. (1755). ''Diplomataria et scriptores historiae Germanicae medii aevi''. Altenburgi: Richter.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Arnsdorf''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Warnoćicy'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Auerbachium (Montes Metalliferi)|Auerbachium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Auerbach'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Auerbachium Vogtlandiae]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1730&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Auerbach/Vogtl.'' seu ''Auerbach/Vogtland''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Auerbach'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Augustoburgum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;&gt;{{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Augustusburg'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== B ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Belgora-Schildavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;SS 2024&quot;&gt;Sächsisches Staatsarchiv (2024). ''Regesta et diplomata episcopatus Misnensis: De vectigalibus fluminis Albis inter Belgoram et Misnam anno 979 concesis''. Hauptstaatsarchiv Dresden.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Belgern-Schildau'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Belina (Saxonia)|Belina]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Böhlen'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Boernichenium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Börnichen/Erzgeb.'' seu ''Börnichen/Erzgebirge'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Boesenbrunnum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bösenbrunn'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Borna (Saxonia)|Borna]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf V 1865&quot;&gt;Gersdorf, E. G. (Ed.) (1865). ''Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae. Haupttheil I, Band 5: Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Meissen''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Borna''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Borno'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Borsdorfia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Leibniz 2021&quot;&gt;Leibniz, G. W. (2021). ''Sämtliche Schriften und Briefe. Reihe I: Allgemeiner politischer und historischer Briefwechsel (Band 20: Juli 1701 – März 1702)''. Gottfried-Wilhelm-Leibniz-Bibliothek Hannover.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Borsdorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Boxberga (Saxonia)|Boxberga]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Jecht 1920&quot;&gt;Jecht, R. (Ed.) (1920). ''Codex Diplomaticus Lusatiae Superioris II, Band 1: Urkundenbuch der Stadt Görlitz und ihrer Klöster (1366)''. [[Gorlicium Germaniae|Gorlicii]]: Oberlausitzische Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Boxberg/O.L.''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Hamor'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Brandisa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Brandis'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Breitenbrunnum (Montes Metalliferi)|Breitenbrunnum]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Breitenbrunn/Erzgeb.'' seu ''Breitenbrunn/Erzgebirge'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Budissa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bautzen''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Budyšin'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Burcardisdorfium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Burkhardtsdorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Burckavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Burkau''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Porchow''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Burke'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Burgstadtium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;AML 1724&quot;&gt;Ab [[Alma Mater Lipsiensis|Alma Matre Lipsiensi]] (1724). ''Die Matrikel der Universität Leipzig: Register der Studiosi und akademischen Grade (Johannes Christopherus Schulze, Burgstadtium-Misnicus)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Burgstädt'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== C ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Calemberga]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Tschackert 1889&quot;&gt;Tschackert, P. (Ed.) (1889). ''Briefwechsel des Antonius Corvinus''. Karl J. Trübner.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Callenberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Cavertizia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posee 1882&quot;&gt;Posse, O. (Ed.) (1882). ''Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae: Haupttheil I, Band 1. Urkunden der Markgrafen von Meißen und Landgrafen von Thüringen (948–1099)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Cavertitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Chemnicium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbis Latinus A-D&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Chemnitz''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Kamjenica'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Civitas Bernardi in Proprio]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bernstadt auf dem Eigen'' seu ''Bernstadt a. d. Eigen''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bjenadźicy'')&lt;/small&gt; 
* [[Clausenitia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posse 1881&quot;&gt;Posse, O. (1881). ''Die Markgrafen von Meissen und das Haus Wettin: Im Zusammenhange mit der Geschichte des Reichs''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Claußnitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Colditia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbis Latinus A-D&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Colditz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Cozwicia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posee 1882&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Coswig'' seu ''Coswig bei Dresden''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Kosowiki'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Crimnicium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;&gt;Gersdorf, E. G. (Ed.) (1864). ''Urkundenbuch del Hochstifts Meißen (Band 1)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Crimmitschau'' seu ''Crimmitzschau'' seu ''Krimmitschau'' seu ''Krimmitzschau'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Crinitzberga]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Niels 1729&quot;&gt;Niels, L. (Ed.) (1729). ''Opera omnia: De Marchia et finitimis Saxoniae regionibus''. Francofurti &amp; Lipsiae.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Crinitzberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Crostwicia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posse 1883&quot;&gt;Posse, O. (Ed.) (1883). ''Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae: Haupttheil I, Band 3. Urkunden der Markgrafen von Meißen und Landgrafen von Thüringen (1196–1234)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Crostwitz''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Chrósćicy'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Crottendorfium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Wiessner 1937&quot;&gt;Wiessner, H. (1937). ''Das Bistum Naumburg: Die Diözese'' (Vol. 1). Berolini: Walter de Gruyter &amp; Co.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Crottendorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Cunionissilva]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posee 1882&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Cunewalde''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Kumwałd''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Cunewaale'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== D ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Debelum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Döbeln''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Doblin'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Delicia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Delitzsch''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Delič'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Demicium-Thumicium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ermisch 1899&quot;&gt;Ermisch, H. (Ed.) (1899). ''Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae Regiae: Haupttheil I, Band B-4. Urkunden der Markgrafen von Meißen (1381–1427)''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Demitz-Thumitz''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Zemicy-Tumicy'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Denheritium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dennheritz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Derium-Cyrenium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ermisch 1899&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Diera-Zehren'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Dippoldiswalda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Kleppisius 1804&quot;&gt;Kleppisius, G. (1804). ''Epitaphium veneratae caniciei senioris Gregorii Kleppisii. En Neues allgemeines Intelligenzblatt für Literatur und Kunst''. Lipsiae: Johann Conrad Hinrichs.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Dippoldiswalde''; colloquialiter ''Dipps'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Doberschizium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Doberschütz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Dobrusium-Gussigium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ermisch 1899&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Doberschau-Gaußig''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Dobruša-Huska'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Doma (Saxonia)|Doma]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posern-Klett 1875&quot;&gt;Posern-Klett, K. F. von (Ed.) (1875). ''Urkundenbuch der Städte Dresden und Pirna''. Lipsiae: Giesecke &amp; Devrient.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dohma'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Dommitzia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dommitzsch''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Domič'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Doninburgum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dohna''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Donin'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Drebachium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Müller 1715&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Drebach'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Dresda]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dresden''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Drježdźany''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Draasn'')&lt;/small&gt; 
* [[Duba]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bad Düben'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== E ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Ebersbach (Saxe centrale)|Ebersbach]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Aberschbuch'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ebersbach (Meissen)|Ebersbach]] (bei Großenhain)
* [[Ebersbach (Görlitz)]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; (Görlitz)
* [[Ehrenfriedersdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Eibau]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Eibe'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Eibenstock]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Eichigt]]
* [[Eilenburg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ellefeld]]
* [[Elsnig]]
* [[Elsterberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Elsterheide]]
* [[Elstertrebnitz]]
* [[Elstra]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Elterlein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Episcopi Insula]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bischofswerda'' seu ''Schiebock''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Biskopicy''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Beschwere'' seu ''Schiebock'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Eppendorf (Saxe)|Eppendorf]]
* [[Erlau]]
* [[Erlbach (Vogtland)|Erlbach]]
* [[Erlbach-Kirchberg]]
* [[Espenhain]]
{{div col end}}

==== F ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Falkenau]]
* [[Falkenhain]]
* [[Falkenstein/Vogtl.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Flöha]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Frankenberg (Saxe)|Frankenberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Frankenstein (Saxe)|Frankenstein]]
* [[Frankenthal (Saxe)|Frankenthal]]
* [[Frauenstein (Saxe)|Frauenstein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Fraureuth]]
* [[Freiberg (Saxe)|Freiberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Freital]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Frohburg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== G ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Gablenz (Saxe)|Gablenz]]
* [[Geising]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Geithain]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Gelenau/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Geringswalde]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Gersdorf]]
* [[Geyer (Saxe)|Geyer]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Glashütte]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Glaubitz]]
* [[Glauchau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Göda]]
* [[Gohrisch]]
* [[Görlitz]] &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] '''')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Gornau/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Gornsdorf]]
* [[Gottleubia-Mons Gieshubelus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Sehling 1902&quot;&gt;Sehling, E. (1902). ''Die evangelischen Kirchenordnungen des XVI. Jahrhunderts. Band I: Sachsen (De parochia et inspectione Gottleubiae)''. Lipsiae: O. R. Reisland.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bad Gottleuba-Berggießhübel'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Grimma]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Gröditz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Groitzsch]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großbothen]]
* [[Groß Düben]]
* [[Großdubrau]]
* [[Großenhain]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großharthau]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Hoarde'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großhartmannsdorf]]
* [[Großhennersdorf]]
* [[Großnaundorf]]
* [[Großolbersdorf]]
* [[Großpösna]]
* [[Großpostwitz]]
* [[Großröhrsdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Rihrschdurf'' seu ''Gaage'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großrückerswalde]]
* [[Großschirma]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großschönau (Saxe)|Großschönau]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Grußschiene'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Großschweidnitz]]
* [[Großtreben-Zwethau]]
* [[Großweitzschen]]
* [[Grünbach (Saxe)|Grünbach]]
* [[Grünhain-Beierfeld]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Grünhainichen]]
* [[Guttau]]
{{div col end}}

==== H ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Hähnichen]]
* [[Hainewalde]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Heenewaale'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hainichen (urbs)|Hainichen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Halsbrücke]]
* [[Hammerbrücke]]
* [[Hartenstein (Saxe)|Hartenstein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hartha]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hartmannsdorf (Saxe centrale)|Hartmannsdorf]]
* [[Hartmannsdorf bei Kirchberg]]
* [[Hartmannsdorf-Reichenau]]
* [[Haselbachtal]]
* [[Heidenau (Saxe)|Heidenau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Heidersdorf]]
* [[Heinsdorfergrund]]
* [[Henrici Villa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dürrhennersdorf''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Suche Hendrichecy'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hermsdorf/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Herrnhut]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hirschfeld (Saxe)|Hirschfeld]]
* [[Hirschstein]]
* [[Hochkirch]]
* [[Höckendorf]]
* [[Hohburg]]
* [[Hohendubrau]]
* [[Hohenstein-Ernstthal]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hohndorf]]
* [[Hohnstein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Horka]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Hurke'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Hormersdorf]]
* [[Hoyerswerda]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== I ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Indago Baltgeri]]&lt;ref name=&quot;SS 1296&quot;&gt;Sächsisches Staatsarchiv (1296). ''Urkunden und Grenzabgrenzungen des Ritterguts Belgershain im Erbamt Grimma (Indago Baltgeri)''. Hauptstaatsarchiv Dresden.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Belgershain'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== J ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Jahnsdorf/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Jesewitz]]
* [[Johanngeorgenstadt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Jöhstadt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Jonsdorf]]
{{div col end}}

==== K ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Käbschütztal]]
* [[Kamenz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ketzerbachtal]]
* [[Kirchberg (Saxe)|Kirchberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Kirnitzschtal]]
* [[Kitzen]]
* [[Kitzscher]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Klingenthal]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Klipphausen]]
* [[Kodersdorf]]
* [[Kohren-Sahlis]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Königsbrück]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Königsfeld (Saxe)|Königsfeld]]
* [[Königshain (Görlitz)|Königshain]] (Görlitz)
* [[Königshain-Wiederau]]
* [[Königstein (Sächsische Schweiz)]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Königswalde]]
* [[Königswartha]]
* [[Krauschwitz (Saxe)|Krauschwitz]]
* [[Kreba-Neudorf]]
* [[Kreischa]]
* [[Kriebstein]]
* [[Krostitz]]
* [[Kubschütz]]
{{div col end}}

==== L ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Lampertswalde]]
* [[Langenbernsdorf]]
* [[Langenweißbach]]
* [[Laußig]]
* [[Laußnitz]]
* [[Lauta]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lawalde]]
* [[Leisnig]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lengefeld]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lengenfeld (Saxe)|Lengenfeld]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Leuben-Schleinitz]]
* [[Leubnitz]]
* [[Leubsdorf (Saxe)|Leubsdorf]]
* [[Leutersdorf (Saxe)|Leutersdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Leckerschdurf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lichtenau (Saxe)|Lichtenau]]
* [[Lichtenberg (Bautzen)|Lichtenberg]] (Bautzen)
* [[Lichtenberg/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Lichtenstein/Sa.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lichtentanne]]
* [[Liebschützberg]]
* [[Liebstadt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Limbach (Vogtland)|Limbach]] (Vogtland)
* [[Limbach-Oberfrohna]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lipsia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Löbau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Liebe'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Löbnitz (Saxe)|Löbnitz]]
* [[Lohmen (Saxe)|Lohmen]]
* [[Lohsa]]
* [[Lommatzsch]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lößnitz (Saxe)|Lößnitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lugau/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Lunzenau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== M ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Machern]]
* [[Malschwitz]]
* [[Marienberg (Saxe)|Marienberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Markersdorf (Saxe)|Markersdorf]]
* [[Markkleeberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Markneukirchen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Markranstädt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Meerane]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mehltheuer]]
* [[Meißen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mildenau]]
* [[Mittelherwigsdorf]]
* [[Mittweida]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mochau]]
* [[Mockrehna]]
* [[Molendinorum Vallis (Saxonia)|Molendinorum Vallis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Mühlental'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mons Praetorianus]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;&gt;Mencken, J. B. (1728). ''Scriptores rerum Germanicarum, praecipue Saxonicarum, in quibus scriptores aliquot rariotes nusquam adhuc editi''. [[Lipsia]]e: E. Martini; et: Mencken, J. B. (1728). ''Scriptores rerum Germanicarum, praecipue Saxonicarum'' (Tomus I). Lipsiae: Ioannes Christianus Martinus.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Amtsberg'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Montes (Saxonia)|Montes]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bergen'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Morgenröthe-Rautenkranz]]
* [[Moritzburg (Saxe)|Moritzburg]]
* [[Mücka]]
* [[Mügeln]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Müglitztal]]
* [[Mühlau (Saxe)|Mühlau]]
* [[Mühltroff]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mulda/Sa.]]
* [[Mülsen]]
* [[Muscavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;UW 1685&quot;&gt;Universität Wittenberg (1685). ''Album Academiae Vitebergensis: Tituli, inscriptiones et matriculae studiosorum (Johannes Henricus Cuntze, Muscavia-Lusatus)''. Ex officina typographica.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Muskau''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Mužakow'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mutzschen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Mylau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== N ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Narsdorf]]
* [[Naundorf (Saxe)|Naundorf]]
* [[Naunhof]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Nauwalde]]
* [[Nebelschütz]]
* [[Neißeaue]]
* [[Neovilla Germanica]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Müller 1715&quot;&gt;Müller, C. (1715). ''Saxoniae Electoralis Descriptio Historico-Geographica''. Lipsiae: Officina Gleditschiana.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Deutschneudorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Nerchau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neschwitz]]
* [[Netzschkau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neuensalz]]
* [[Neugersdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Gierschdurf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neuhausen/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Neukieritzsch]]
* [[Neukirch (bei Königsbrück)|Neukirch]] (bei Königsbrück)
* [[Neukirch (Lusace)|Neukirch]] (Lusace) &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Neungirch'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neukirchen/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Neukirchen/Pleiße]]
* [[Neukyhna]]
* [[Neumark (Saxe)|Neumark]]
* [[Neusalza-Spremberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neustadt in Sachsen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Neustadt/Vogtl.]]
* [[Niederau]]
* [[Niedercunnersdorf]]
* [[Niederdorf (Saxe)|Niederdorf]]
* [[Niederfrohna]]
* [[Niederstriegis]]
* [[Niederwiesa]]
* [[Niederwürschnitz]]
* [[Niesky]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Nossen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Nünchritz]]
{{div col end}}

==== O ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Obercunnersdorf]]
* [[Obergurig]]
* [[Oberlungwitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oberschöna]]
* [[Oberwiera]]
* [[Oberwiesenthal]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oderwitz]]
* [[Oederan]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oelsnitz/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oelsnitz/Vogtl.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ohorn]]
* [[Olbernhau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Olbersdorf]]
* [[Oppach]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] '''' et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Uppch'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oschatz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oßling]]
* [[Ostrau (Saxe)|Ostrau]]
* [[Ostritz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Ottendorf-Okrilla]]
* [[Otterwisch]]
* [[Owa-Palus Slemensis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;&quot;&gt;Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Naumburg (1999). ''Regesta et diplomata episcopatus Naumburgensis (1207-1304)''. (Ed. ab H. J. Kirsch). [[Colonia Agrippina|Coloniae Agrippinae]]: Böhlau Verlag.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1730&quot;&gt;Mencken, J. B. (1730). ''Scriptores rerum Germanicarum, praecipue Saxonicarum, in quibus scriptores aliquot rariotes nusquam adhuc editi''. Lipsiae: E. Martini.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;(urbs magna [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo]] subiecta)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Aue-Bad Schlema'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Oybin]]
{{div col end}}

==== P ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Palus Regia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bad Lausick'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Panschwitz-Kuckau]]
* [[Parthenstein]]
* [[Pausa (Saxe)|Pausa]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Pegau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Penig]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Petra Ursi (Saxonia)|Petra Ursi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bärenstein'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Pfaffroda]]
* [[Pirna (urbs)|Pirna]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Plauen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Pobershau]]
* [[Pockau]]
* [[Pöhl]]
* [[Porschdorf]]
* [[Pratum Capreoli]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bockau''; dialectaliter ''Bucke'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Pretzschendorf]]
* [[Priestewitz]]
* [[Pulsnitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Bolzns'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Puschwitz]]
{{div col end}}

==== Q ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Quitzdorf am See]]
{{div col end}}

==== R ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Rabenau (Saxe)|Rabenau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Räckelwitz]]
* [[Rackwitz]]
* [[Radeberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Radebeul]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Radeburg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Radibor]]
* [[Ralbitz-Rosenthal]]
* [[Rammenau]]
* [[Raschau-Markersbach]]
* [[Rathen]]
* [[Rathmannsdorf]]
* [[Rechenberg-Bienenmühle]]
* [[Regis-Breitingen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Reichenbach im Vogtland]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Reichenbach (Haute-Lusace)|Reichenbach]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; (Haute-Lusace)
* [[Reinhardtsdorf-Schöna]]
* [[Reinsberg (Saxe)|Reinsberg]]
* [[Reinsdorf (Saxe)|Reinsdorf]]
* [[Remse]]
* [[Reuth (Saxe)|Reuth]]
* [[Riesa]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Rietschen]]
* [[Rochlitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Röderaue]]
* [[Rodewisch]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Rosenbach]]
* [[Rosenthal-Bielatal]]
* [[Rossau (Saxe)|Rossau]]
* [[Roßwein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Rötha]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Rothenburg (Haute-Lusace)|Rothenburg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Rudigerivilla Arida-Theodericibachium]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posee 1882&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Gersdorf 1864&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dürrröhrsdorf-Dittersbach'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== S ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Sayda]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Scheibenberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schirgiswalde-Kirschau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Schirgswaale-Kirsche'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schkeuditz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schleife (Saxe)|Schleife]]
* [[Schlettau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schmiedeberg (Saxe)|Schmiedeberg]]
* [[Schmölln-Putzkau]]
* [[Schneeberg (Saxe)|Schneeberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schönau-Berzdorf]]
* [[Schönbach (Saxe)|Schönbach]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Schimmch'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schönberg (Saxe)|Schönberg]]
* [[Schöneck/Vogtl.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schönfeld (Saxe)|Schönfeld]]
* [[Schönheide]]
* [[Schönteichen]]
* [[Schönwölkau]]
* [[Schöpstal]]
* [[Schwarzenberg/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Schwepnitz]]
* [[Sebnitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Securiferi Roturatio]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Beilrode'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Seelitz]]
* [[Sehmatal]]
* [[Seiffen/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Seifhennersdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Hennerschdurf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Sitavia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Zittau'' et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Žitawa''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Sitte'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Sohland an der Spree]]
* [[Sohland am Rotstein]]
* [[Sornzig-Ablaß]]
* [[Sosa (Saxe)|Sosa]]
* [[Spreetal]]
* [[Stadt Wehlen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Stauchitz]]
* [[St. Egidien]]
* [[Steina]]
* [[Steinberg (Saxe)|Steinberg]]
* [[Steinigtwolmsdorf]] &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] '''' et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''''; [[Supralusatice]] ''Wunnsdurf'' seu ''Wumpe'' seu ''Steenigwupte'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Stollberg/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Stolpen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Strahwalde]]
* [[Strehla]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Striegistal]]
* [[Struppen]]
* [[Stützengrün]]
* [[Syrau]]
{{div col end}}

==== T ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Tannenberg (Sachsen)|Tannenberg]]
* [[Tannenbergsthal]]
* [[Taucha]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Taura]]
* [[Tauscha]]
* [[Thalheim/Erzgeb.]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Thallwitz]]
* [[Tharandt]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Thermalbad Wiesenbad]]
* [[Theuma]]
* [[Thiendorf]]
* [[Thum]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Thümmlitzwalde]]
* [[Tirpersdorf]]
* [[Tollanum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Orbis Latinus N-Z&quot;&gt;[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&amp;cq=M%C3%BCnchen&amp;lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlen''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Dolan'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Torgau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Trebendorf]]
* [[Trebsen/Mulde]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Treuen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Triebel/Vogtl.]]
* [[Triebischtal]]
* [[Trimurica]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posse 1883&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Hanspach 2014&quot;&gt;Hanspach, D. (2024). ''Silva, nemus, merica, forestum: Die ältesten schriftlichen Wald- und Heidebelege im Lehnbuch Friedrich des Strengen''. In ''Arbeits- und Forschungsberichte zur sächsischen Bodendenkmalpflege'' (Band 32). Dresdae: Landesamt für Archäologie Sachsen.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dreiheide'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Trossin]]
{{div col end}}

==== V ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Vallis Ignominiosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Schandau''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Žandow'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Vallis Lutosa]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bahretal'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Bavari]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Schöttgen &amp; Kreysig 1755&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Beiersdorf''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bejerecy'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Bernardi (Circulus terrae Zviccaviensis)|Villa Bernardi]] &lt;small&gt;(in [[Circulus terrae Zviccaviensis|Circulo terrae Zviccaviensi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;CTZ&quot;&gt;Fingitur nomen &quot;Circulus terrae Zviccaviensis&quot; -Theodisce ''Landkreis Zwickau'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma &quot;circulus terrae&quot; Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo &quot;[[Cygnea]]m&quot; -ad quod gentilicium &quot;Zviccaviensis-e&quot; refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}. Quo de gentilicio, confer &quot;[[Codex Statutorum Zviccaviensium|Codex Statutorum Zviccaviensium]]&quot;, anno [[1348]] scriptum.&lt;/ref&gt;)&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bernsdorf'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Bernardi (Lusatia Superior)|Villa Bernardi]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt; (in [[Lusatia superior|Lusatia Superior]]e) &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bernsdorf''; [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Njedźichow'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Bertholdi Montana]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Prochno 1939&quot;&gt;Prochno, J. (1939). ''Zittauer Urkundenbuch, Band 1: Regesten zur Geschichte der Stadt und des Landes Zittau 1234–1437''. [[Sitavia]]e: Mitteilungen del Zittauer Geschichts- und Museumsvereins.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] et [[Linguae Sorabicae|Suprasorabice]] ''Bertsdorf-Hörnitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Boni]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1728&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bennewitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Chemnitzia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Buddeus 1704&quot;&gt;Buddeus, J. F. (1704). ''Historia iuris naturalis, seculi iussu et auctoritate potissimum Samuelis Pufendorfii restituti''. Halae Magdeburgicae: Typis et impensis Ioannis Friderici Zeitleri.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dorfchemnitz'' seu ''Dorfchemnitz bei Sayda'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Indaginis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Posse 1881&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Dorfhain'')&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Villa Panis]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Mencken 1730&quot;/&gt; &lt;small&gt;([[Theodisce]] ''Bannewitz'')&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== W ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Wachau (Saxe)|Wachau]]
* [[Waldenbourg (Saxe)|Waldenbourg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Waldheim]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Waldhufen-Vierkirchen]]
* [[Wechselburg]]
* [[Weinböhla]]
* [[Weischlitz]]
* [[Weißenberg]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Weißenborn/Erzgeb.]]
* [[Weißig am Raschütz]]
* [[Weißkeißel]]
* [[Weißwasser]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Werda]]
* [[Werdau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wermsdorf]]
* [[Wiedemar]]
* [[Wiednitz]]
* [[Wildenfels]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wildenhain]]
* [[Wilkau-Haßlau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wilsdruff]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wilthen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wittichenau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wolkenstein (Saxe)|Wolkenstein]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Wülknitz]]
* [[Wurzen]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
{{div col end}}

==== Z ====
{{div col|3}}
* [[Zabeltitz]]
* [[Zeithain]]
* [[Zettlitz]]
* [[Ziegra-Knobelsdorf]]
* [[Zinna]]
* [[Zöblitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zschadraß]]
* [[Zschaitz-Ottewig]]
* [[Zschepplin]]
* [[Zschopau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zschorlau]]
* [[Zwenkau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zwickau]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zwochau]]
* [[Zwönitz]] &lt;small&gt;([[urbs]])&lt;/small&gt;
* [[Zwota]]
{{div col end}}

==Notae==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria:Urbes Saxoniae]]</text>
      <sha1>er7hnrt3metgvgk2136b8ylzqid42u5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sanctus Paulus (Vosegus)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>325538</id>
    <revision>
      <id>3964223</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T13:16:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pippobuono</username>
        <id>54500</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>creatio a francica documentatione</comment>
      <origin>3964223</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="813" sha1="2wwux2v60i84s4ekrxl7pa7cl3e5osk" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}}
[[Fasciculus:Saint-Paul (Vosges). Église de la Conversion-de-Saint-Paul.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Sanctus Paulus: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] Conversioni [[Sanctus Paulus|Sancti Pauli]] dicata.]]
{{res|Sanctus Paulus}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Graesse}}, t.3, p. 116&lt;/ref&gt; ([[Francogallice]]: ''Saint-Paul'') est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 145 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]].

{{NexInt}}
* [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]]

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Saint-Paul (Vosges)|Sanctum Paulum}}
{{Fontes geographici}}

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{geo-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]]
[[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]]</text>
      <sha1>2wwux2v60i84s4ekrxl7pa7cl3e5osk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sanctus Audoenus (Vosegus)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>325539</id>
    <revision>
      <id>3964226</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T13:38:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pippobuono</username>
        <id>54500</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>creatio a francica documentatione</comment>
      <origin>3964226</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1004" sha1="namxaxdsx035xccyq9ed38xljsgnzqa" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}}
[[Fasciculus:Saint-Ouen-lès-Parey, Église Sainte-Ode et Sainte-Trinité.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Sanctus Audoenus: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] Conversioni [[Sanctus Paulus|Sancti Pauli]] dicata.]]
{{res|Sanctus Audoenus}} seu '''Sanctus Oda'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Graesse}}, t. 1, p. 173.&lt;/ref&gt; ([[Francogallice]]: ''Saint-Ouen-lès-Parey'') est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 487 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]].

== Cives notabiles ==
* [[Gasto Gravier]] (1886-1915), geographus [[Serbia]]e peritus, in monumento belli Sancti Audoeni inscriptus est.

{{NexInt}}
* [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]]

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Saint-Ouen-lès-Parey (Vosges)|Sanctum Audoenum}}
{{Fontes geographici}}

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{geo-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]]
[[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]]</text>
      <sha1>namxaxdsx035xccyq9ed38xljsgnzqa</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964247</id>
      <parentid>3964226</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T14:20:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pippobuono</username>
        <id>54500</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>titulus ecclesiae</comment>
      <origin>3964247</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="982" sha1="4ob3gvk3jw11nusv09bwe3x0iuz4115" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}}
[[Fasciculus:Saint-Ouen-lès-Parey, Église Sainte-Ode et Sainte-Trinité.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Sanctus Audoenus: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Trinitas|Sanctae Trinitati]] dicata.]]
{{res|Sanctus Audoenus}} seu '''Sanctus Oda'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Graesse}}, t. 1, p. 173.&lt;/ref&gt; ([[Francogallice]]: ''Saint-Ouen-lès-Parey'') est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 487 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]].

== Cives notabiles ==
* [[Gasto Gravier]] (1886-1915), geographus [[Serbia]]e peritus, in monumento belli Sancti Audoeni inscriptus est.

{{NexInt}}
* [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]]

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Saint-Ouen-lès-Parey|Sanctum Audoenum}}
{{Fontes geographici}}

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{geo-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]]
[[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]]</text>
      <sha1>4ob3gvk3jw11nusv09bwe3x0iuz4115</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Disputatio:Sanctus Audoenus (Vosegus)</title>
    <ns>1</ns>
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      <id>3964229</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T13:40:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pippobuono</username>
        <id>54500</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>attributio</comment>
      <origin>3964229</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="49" sha1="cxuwc9e1jgr5547u0uh4zliz6n426p0" xml:space="preserve">{{attributio|fr|Saint-Ouen-lès-Parey|236399366}}</text>
      <sha1>cxuwc9e1jgr5547u0uh4zliz6n426p0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Disputatio:Sanctus Paulus (Vosegus)</title>
    <ns>1</ns>
    <id>325541</id>
    <revision>
      <id>3964230</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T13:41:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pippobuono</username>
        <id>54500</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>attributio</comment>
      <origin>3964230</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="47" sha1="jgk4ibfh5qlirz64siw4imkqd6oxirw" xml:space="preserve">{{attributio|fr|Saint-Paul (Vosges)|235810996}}</text>
      <sha1>jgk4ibfh5qlirz64siw4imkqd6oxirw</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sanctus Nabor (Vosegus)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>325542</id>
    <revision>
      <id>3964237</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T14:01:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pippobuono</username>
        <id>54500</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>creatio a francica documentatione</comment>
      <origin>3964237</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1244" sha1="ea785gwvqk6iifp1p66rssjhxik4sj3" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}}
[[Fasciculus:Saint-Nabord, Eglise Saints-Nabord-et-Gorgon.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Sanctus Nabor: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Sanctus|Sanctis]] [[Sanctus Nabor|Nabori]] [[Sanctus Gorgonius|Gorgonioque]] dicata.]]
{{res|Sanctus Nabor}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Graesse}}, t.3, p. 1.&lt;/ref&gt; ([[Francogallice]]: ''Saint-Nabord'') est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] {{formatnum:3953}} incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]].

== Cives notabiles ==
* [[Ioannes Iosephus Amable Humbert]] (1767-1823), dux in exercitibus Rei Publicae, hic natus est.
* [[Paulus Henricus Lecomte]] (1856-1934), botanicus, sodalis Academiae Scientiarum, hic natus est.
* [[Mauritius Flayelle]] (1857-1938), iuris consultus, parlamentarius, hic natus est.
* [[Franciscus Grégoire]] (1914-1973), litterarum doctor, legatus, scriptor, hic mortuus est.

{{NexInt}}
* [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]]

== Nexus externi ==
{{CommuniaCat|Saint-Nabord|Sanctum Naborem}}
{{Fontes geographici}}

== Notae ==
&lt;references /&gt;
{{geo-stipula}}

[[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]]
[[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]]</text>
      <sha1>ea785gwvqk6iifp1p66rssjhxik4sj3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sanctus Nabor</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>325543</id>
    <redirect title="Sanctus Nabor (Alba)" />
    <revision>
      <id>3964246</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T14:16:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pippobuono</username>
        <id>54500</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Pippobuono movit paginam [[Sanctus Nabor]] ad [[Sanctus Nabor (Alba)]]: alia toponyma eiusdem nominis</comment>
      <origin>3964246</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="34" sha1="6y0fc7tsfto7p6ns6emry5fu0nluflv" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Sanctus Nabor (Alba)]]</text>
      <sha1>6y0fc7tsfto7p6ns6emry5fu0nluflv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dies mundialis generis floralis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>325544</id>
    <revision>
      <id>3964255</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T15:10:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>LilyKitty</username>
        <id>18316</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '[[Fasciculus:Castel Béranger, February 16, 2013.jpg|thumb|Porta modo generis floralis a Hectore Guimard]] '''Dies mundialis generis floralis''' est dies internationalis die [[10 Iunii]] quique anno celebratur, quae decreta anno 2013 a Museo artis applicatae Budapestinensi ad [[genus florale]] aestimandi et promovendi.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.artnouveau-net.eu//corrent-activities Current activities - Réseau art nouveau network]&lt;/ref&gt; Orgo dies est dies mortis Anton...'</comment>
      <origin>3964255</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="760" sha1="p5n1272u2c357j4d7d98fn4pxf65qwm" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Castel Béranger, February 16, 2013.jpg|thumb|Porta modo generis floralis a Hectore Guimard]]
'''Dies mundialis generis floralis''' est dies internationalis die [[10 Iunii]] quique anno celebratur, quae decreta anno 2013 a Museo artis applicatae Budapestinensi ad [[genus florale]] aestimandi et promovendi.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.artnouveau-net.eu//corrent-activities Current activities - Réseau art nouveau network]&lt;/ref&gt; Orgo dies est dies mortis [[Antonius Gaudí i Cornet|Antonii Gaudi i Cornet]] et Ödön Lechner, pictor Hungaricus generis floralis. 

Hodie dies et organizationibus Europae et internationali cebebatur.

== Notae ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Nexus externi ==
*[https://www.artnouveau-net.eu Situs publicus] (Réseau art Nouveau Network)</text>
      <sha1>p5n1272u2c357j4d7d98fn4pxf65qwm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964256</id>
      <parentid>3964255</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T15:18:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>LilyKitty</username>
        <id>18316</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>corrigendum</comment>
      <origin>3964256</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="962" sha1="rb8ig0habw121mh7ha37rtlappbqrl4" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Castel Béranger, February 16, 2013.jpg|thumb|Porta modo generis floralis a Hectore Guimard]]
'''Dies mundialis generis floralis''' est dies internationalis die [[10 Iunii]] quique anno celebratur, quae decreta anno 2013 a Museo artis applicatae Budapestinensi ad [[genus florale]] aestimandi et promovendi.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.artnouveau-net.eu/current-activities Current activities - Réseau art nouveau network]&lt;/ref&gt; Orgo dies est dies mortis [[Antonius Gaudí i Cornet|Antonii Gaudi i Cornet]] et Ödön Lechner, pictor Hungaricus generis floralis. 

Hodie dies et organizationibus Europae et internationali cebebatur. 

===Sententiae dies ===
*2021: Animal
*2022: [[Typographia]]
*2023: [[Materia]]
*2024: [[Lux]]
*2025: [[Color]]
*2026: [[Mulier]]es et genus florale
== Notae ==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Nexus externi ==
*[https://www.artnouveau-net.eu Situs publicus] (Réseau art Nouveau Network)

[[Categoria:Ritus Iunii]]
[[Categoria:Genera artis]]</text>
      <sha1>rb8ig0habw121mh7ha37rtlappbqrl4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dendritum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>325545</id>
    <revision>
      <id>3964261</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T15:44:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens ''''Dentritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dentrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti rami esse possunt. Dentrita in Spina dentritica|spini...'</comment>
      <origin>3964261</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="958" sha1="gu226ixxegz9gu8ns1weixfueu0pnhv" xml:space="preserve">'''Dentritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dentrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti rami esse possunt. Dentrita in [[Spina dentritica|spinis dentriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dentrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.


[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>gu226ixxegz9gu8ns1weixfueu0pnhv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964262</id>
      <parentid>3964261</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T15:46:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>3964262</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="964" sha1="oek2xxnttqnvpkj29hoj8yilczqo1ye" xml:space="preserve">'''Dentritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] missa recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dentrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti esse rami possunt. Dentrita in [[Spina dentritica|spinis dentriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dentrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.


[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>oek2xxnttqnvpkj29hoj8yilczqo1ye</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964264</id>
      <parentid>3964262</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T15:49:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus movit paginam [[Dentritum]] ad [[Dendritum]]: Titulus male scriptus</comment>
      <origin>3964262</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="964" sha1="oek2xxnttqnvpkj29hoj8yilczqo1ye" xml:space="preserve">'''Dentritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] missa recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dentrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti esse rami possunt. Dentrita in [[Spina dentritica|spinis dentriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dentrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.


[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>oek2xxnttqnvpkj29hoj8yilczqo1ye</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964266</id>
      <parentid>3964264</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T15:51:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>3964266</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="964" sha1="7f3or8f3md4fseqkf8tyxujdwujbc2r" xml:space="preserve">'''Dendritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] missa recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dendrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti esse rami possunt. Dendrita in [[Spina dendritica|spinis dendriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dendrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.


[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>7f3or8f3md4fseqkf8tyxujdwujbc2r</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964267</id>
      <parentid>3964266</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T15:53:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>3964267</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1031" sha1="f5bmtcp22mv3r9gd5yuyjtkt0nsqn2r" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Neuron_la.svg|right|thumb|300px|Cytologia neuronis.]]
'''Dendritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] missa recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dendrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti esse rami possunt. Dendrita in [[Spina dendritica|spinis dendriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dendrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.


[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>f5bmtcp22mv3r9gd5yuyjtkt0nsqn2r</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964269</id>
      <parentid>3964267</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T15:56:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>3964269</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1180" sha1="gafz9axcrj7i16ua3crxhfhyrb50ouu" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Neuron_la.svg|right|thumb|300px|Cytologia neuronis.]]
'''Dendritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] missa recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dendrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti esse rami possunt. Dendrita in [[Spina dendritica|spinis dendriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dendrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.

== Nexus externi ==
*[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dendrite dendrita] spectant.

[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>gafz9axcrj7i16ua3crxhfhyrb50ouu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964270</id>
      <parentid>3964269</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T15:57:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Nexus externi */</comment>
      <origin>3964270</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1261" sha1="9e4yrg4703akgythfprab1iqdsrhjxw" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Neuron_la.svg|right|thumb|300px|Cytologia neuronis.]]
'''Dendritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] missa recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dendrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti esse rami possunt. Dendrita in [[Spina dendritica|spinis dendriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dendrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.

== Nexus externi ==
*[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dendrite dendrita] spectant.
* [https://www.aquaportail.com/dictionnaire/definition/4736/dendrite Aquaportail]
[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>9e4yrg4703akgythfprab1iqdsrhjxw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964271</id>
      <parentid>3964270</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T16:05:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>3964271</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1604" sha1="2670cmy30k4z31yiwkagu1nxoysgz1a" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Neuron_la.svg|right|thumb|300px|Cytologia neuronis.]]
'''Dendritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] missa recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dendrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti esse rami possunt. Dendrita in [[Spina dendritica|spinis dendriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dendrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.

Plerumque in neurone sunt plura dendrita et unus axon. Dendrita pars afferens neuronis dicuntur, axon vero pars efferens.

== Plura legere si cupis ==
*Lukas Fischer et alii, &quot;[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9665914/ Dendritic Mechanisms for In Vivo Neural Computations and Behavior]&quot;, ''Journal of Neuroscience'', 2022:8460–8467

== Nexus externi ==
*[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dendrite dendrita] spectant.
* [https://www.aquaportail.com/dictionnaire/definition/4736/dendrite Aquaportail]
[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>2670cmy30k4z31yiwkagu1nxoysgz1a</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964272</id>
      <parentid>3964271</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T16:08:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Plura legere si cupis */</comment>
      <origin>3964272</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1791" sha1="hs98gm9d439lfuukuphweu15h7vuaqa" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Neuron_la.svg|right|thumb|300px|Cytologia neuronis.]]
'''Dendritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] missa recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dendrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti esse rami possunt. Dendrita in [[Spina dendritica|spinis dendriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dendrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.

Plerumque in neurone sunt plura dendrita et unus axon. Dendrita pars afferens neuronis dicuntur, axon vero pars efferens.

== Plura legere si cupis ==
*Lukas Fischer et alii, &quot;[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9665914/ Dendritic Mechanisms for In Vivo Neural Computations and Behavior]&quot;, ''Journal of Neuroscience'', 2022:8460–8467
*Sarah E. Hadyniak et Jeremy N. Kay, &quot;[https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(24)01015-7 Neuroscience: The dynamic development of dendrites]&quot;, ''Current Biology'', 2024

== Nexus externi ==
*[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dendrite dendrita] spectant.
* [https://www.aquaportail.com/dictionnaire/definition/4736/dendrite Aquaportail]
[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>hs98gm9d439lfuukuphweu15h7vuaqa</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964274</id>
      <parentid>3964272</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T16:11:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Plura legere si cupis */</comment>
      <origin>3964274</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1995" sha1="ssm450mr57ic140m7mnzqtvy82ek51o" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Neuron_la.svg|right|thumb|300px|Cytologia neuronis.]]
'''Dendritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] missa recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dendrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti esse rami possunt. Dendrita in [[Spina dendritica|spinis dendriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dendrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.

Plerumque in neurone sunt plura dendrita et unus axon. Dendrita pars afferens neuronis dicuntur, axon vero pars efferens.

== Plura legere si cupis ==
*Lukas Fischer et alii, &quot;[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9665914/ Dendritic Mechanisms for In Vivo Neural Computations and Behavior]&quot;, ''Journal of Neuroscience'', 2022:8460–8467
*Sarah E. Hadyniak et Jeremy N. Kay, &quot;[https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(24)01015-7 Neuroscience: The dynamic development of dendrites]&quot;, ''Current Biology'', 2024
* Panayiota Poirazi &amp; Athanasia Papoutsi, &quot;[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41583-020-0301-7 Illuminating dendritic function with computational models]&quot;, ''Nature Reviews Neuroscience'', 2020: 303–321

== Nexus externi ==
*[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dendrite dendrita] spectant.
* [https://www.aquaportail.com/dictionnaire/definition/4736/dendrite Aquaportail]
[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>ssm450mr57ic140m7mnzqtvy82ek51o</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964275</id>
      <parentid>3964274</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T16:14:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Plura legere si cupis */</comment>
      <origin>3964275</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2243" sha1="1wngwtmo55vvvwzdzxuqlee63kz8ja6" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Neuron_la.svg|right|thumb|300px|Cytologia neuronis.]]
'''Dendritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] missa recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dendrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti esse rami possunt. Dendrita in [[Spina dendritica|spinis dendriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dendrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.

Plerumque in neurone sunt plura dendrita et unus axon. Dendrita pars afferens neuronis dicuntur, axon vero pars efferens.

== Plura legere si cupis ==
*Lukas Fischer et alii, &quot;[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9665914/ Dendritic Mechanisms for In Vivo Neural Computations and Behavior]&quot;, ''Journal of Neuroscience'', 2022:8460–8467
*Sarah E. Hadyniak et Jeremy N. Kay, &quot;[https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(24)01015-7 Neuroscience: The dynamic development of dendrites]&quot;, ''Current Biology'', 2024
* Panayiota Poirazi &amp; Athanasia Papoutsi, &quot;[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41583-020-0301-7 Illuminating dendritic function with computational models]&quot;, ''Nature Reviews Neuroscience'', 2020: 303–321
* Moritz Stingl, Andreas Draguhn &amp; Martin Both. &quot;[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00424-024-03004-0 A dendrite is a dendrite is a dendrite? Dendritic signal integration beyond the “antenna” model&quot;'', Pflügels Archiv'', 2025: 9–16

== Nexus externi ==
*[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dendrite dendrita] spectant.
* [https://www.aquaportail.com/dictionnaire/definition/4736/dendrite Aquaportail]
[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>1wngwtmo55vvvwzdzxuqlee63kz8ja6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964276</id>
      <parentid>3964275</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T16:15:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Plura legere si cupis */</comment>
      <origin>3964276</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2244" sha1="j7dmdo9met3rlopx774gmyzun9bx9sc" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Neuron_la.svg|right|thumb|300px|Cytologia neuronis.]]
'''Dendritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] missa recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dendrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti esse rami possunt. Dendrita in [[Spina dendritica|spinis dendriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dendrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.

Plerumque in neurone sunt plura dendrita et unus axon. Dendrita pars afferens neuronis dicuntur, axon vero pars efferens.

== Plura legere si cupis ==
*Lukas Fischer et alii, &quot;[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9665914/ Dendritic Mechanisms for In Vivo Neural Computations and Behavior]&quot;, ''Journal of Neuroscience'', 2022:8460–8467
*Sarah E. Hadyniak et Jeremy N. Kay, &quot;[https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(24)01015-7 Neuroscience: The dynamic development of dendrites]&quot;, ''Current Biology'', 2024
* Panayiota Poirazi &amp; Athanasia Papoutsi, &quot;[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41583-020-0301-7 Illuminating dendritic function with computational models]&quot;, ''Nature Reviews Neuroscience'', 2020: 303–321
* Moritz Stingl, Andreas Draguhn &amp; Martin Both. &quot;[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00424-024-03004-0 A dendrite is a dendrite is a dendrite? Dendritic signal integration beyond the “antenna” model&quot;]'', Pflügels Archiv'', 2025: 9–16

== Nexus externi ==
*[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dendrite dendrita] spectant.
* [https://www.aquaportail.com/dictionnaire/definition/4736/dendrite Aquaportail]
[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>j7dmdo9met3rlopx774gmyzun9bx9sc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964277</id>
      <parentid>3964276</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T16:16:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Plura legere si cupis */</comment>
      <origin>3964277</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2243" sha1="0ix7ijgmqt11gfgyb3k1npryp7moa95" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Neuron_la.svg|right|thumb|300px|Cytologia neuronis.]]
'''Dendritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] missa recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dendrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti esse rami possunt. Dendrita in [[Spina dendritica|spinis dendriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dendrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.

Plerumque in neurone sunt plura dendrita et unus axon. Dendrita pars afferens neuronis dicuntur, axon vero pars efferens.

== Plura legere si cupis ==
*Lukas Fischer et alii, &quot;[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9665914/ Dendritic Mechanisms for In Vivo Neural Computations and Behavior]&quot;, ''Journal of Neuroscience'', 2022:8460–8467
*Sarah E. Hadyniak et Jeremy N. Kay, &quot;[https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(24)01015-7 Neuroscience: The dynamic development of dendrites]&quot;, ''Current Biology'', 2024
* Panayiota Poirazi &amp; Athanasia Papoutsi, &quot;[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41583-020-0301-7 Illuminating dendritic function with computational models]&quot;, ''Nature Reviews Neuroscience'', 2020: 303–321
* Moritz Stingl, Andreas Draguhn &amp; Martin Both. &quot;[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00424-024-03004-0 A dendrite is a dendrite is a dendrite? Dendritic signal integration beyond the “antenna” model]'', Pflügels Archiv'', 2025: 9–16

== Nexus externi ==
*[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dendrite dendrita] spectant.
* [https://www.aquaportail.com/dictionnaire/definition/4736/dendrite Aquaportail]
[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>0ix7ijgmqt11gfgyb3k1npryp7moa95</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964279</id>
      <parentid>3964277</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T16:22:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>3964279</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2318" sha1="gtsesckflu53xibmy3ijgm1jnt1qh9c" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Neuron_la.svg|right|thumb|300px|Cytologia neuronis.]]
'''Dendritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] missa recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dendrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti esse rami possunt. Dendrita in [[Spina dendritica|spinis dendriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dendrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.

Plerumque in neurone sunt plura dendrita et unus axon. Dendrita pars afferens neuronis dicuntur, axon vero pars efferens. Nam fluxus ionticus in dendritis oritur et ad corpus cellulae progreditur.

== Plura legere si cupis ==
*Lukas Fischer et alii, &quot;[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9665914/ Dendritic Mechanisms for In Vivo Neural Computations and Behavior]&quot;, ''Journal of Neuroscience'', 2022:8460–8467
*Sarah E. Hadyniak et Jeremy N. Kay, &quot;[https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(24)01015-7 Neuroscience: The dynamic development of dendrites]&quot;, ''Current Biology'', 2024
* Panayiota Poirazi &amp; Athanasia Papoutsi, &quot;[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41583-020-0301-7 Illuminating dendritic function with computational models]&quot;, ''Nature Reviews Neuroscience'', 2020: 303–321
* Moritz Stingl, Andreas Draguhn &amp; Martin Both. &quot;[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00424-024-03004-0 A dendrite is a dendrite is a dendrite? Dendritic signal integration beyond the “antenna” model]'', Pflügels Archiv'', 2025: 9–16

== Nexus externi ==
*[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dendrite dendrita] spectant.
* [https://www.aquaportail.com/dictionnaire/definition/4736/dendrite Aquaportail]
[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>gtsesckflu53xibmy3ijgm1jnt1qh9c</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>3964280</id>
      <parentid>3964279</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T16:26:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus</username>
        <id>2059</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>3964280</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2419" sha1="tpx9utv968bcgq5mj9191oe38gr8z0t" xml:space="preserve">[[Fasciculus:Neuron_la.svg|right|thumb|300px|Cytologia neuronis.]]
'''Dendritum''' est pars excrescens [[Cytoplasma|cytoplasmatis]] nervosae cellulae ([[Neuron|neuronis]]) per quam signa a proximis neuronibus trans [[Synapsis chemica|synapticam rimam]] missa recipiuntur antequam [[ion|iontico]] fluxu ad corpus cellulae deferantur. Dendrita arboris ramorum speciem praebent, a quo nomen habuerunt e verbo Graeco δένδρον = arbor: etenim in certis neuronum categoriis permulti esse rami possunt. Dendrita in [[Spina dendritica|spinis dendriticis]] receptoria [[Neurotransmissor|neurotransmissorum]] praebent quorum signa chemica intra cellulam [[Signum transductum|transducunt]] et in signa [[Electricitas|electrica]] transmutant. Non tantum illa signa colligunt (etenim multae cellulae per [[Axon|axones]] suos ad unius cellulae dendrita coniunctae solent esse) sed etiam ea [[integratio|consummant]] ita ut responsum cellulae definiant.

Plerumque in neurone sunt plura dendrita et unus axon. Dendrita pars afferens neuronis dicuntur, axon vero pars efferens. Nam fluxus ionticus in dendritis oritur et ad corpus cellulae progreditur. Ac cum potentia actionis gignitur e corpore cellulae fluxus ionticus ad extremum axonem progreditur.

== Plura legere si cupis ==
*Lukas Fischer et alii, &quot;[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9665914/ Dendritic Mechanisms for In Vivo Neural Computations and Behavior]&quot;, ''Journal of Neuroscience'', 2022:8460–8467
*Sarah E. Hadyniak et Jeremy N. Kay, &quot;[https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(24)01015-7 Neuroscience: The dynamic development of dendrites]&quot;, ''Current Biology'', 2024
* Panayiota Poirazi &amp; Athanasia Papoutsi, &quot;[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41583-020-0301-7 Illuminating dendritic function with computational models]&quot;, ''Nature Reviews Neuroscience'', 2020: 303–321
* Moritz Stingl, Andreas Draguhn &amp; Martin Both. &quot;[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00424-024-03004-0 A dendrite is a dendrite is a dendrite? Dendritic signal integration beyond the “antenna” model]'', Pflügels Archiv'', 2025: 9–16

== Nexus externi ==
*[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dendrite dendrita] spectant.
* [https://www.aquaportail.com/dictionnaire/definition/4736/dendrite Aquaportail]
[[Categoria:Cytologia]]
[[Categoria:Neurohistologia]]
[[Categoria:Systema nervosum]]</text>
      <sha1>tpx9utv968bcgq5mj9191oe38gr8z0t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Nationes mundi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>325547</id>
    <redirect title="Index civitatum sui iuris" />
    <revision>
      <id>3964300</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T21:48:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Grufo</username>
        <id>64423</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Grufo movit paginam [[Nationes mundi]] ad [[Index civitatum sui iuris]]: Videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet?|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&amp;nbsp;Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet?]]</comment>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="39" sha1="rsbu2kk97g2n0gdr0t795g56yip2mmu" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Index civitatum sui iuris]]</text>
      <sha1>rsbu2kk97g2n0gdr0t795g56yip2mmu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Disputatio:Nationes mundi</title>
    <ns>1</ns>
    <id>325548</id>
    <redirect title="Disputatio:Index civitatum sui iuris" />
    <revision>
      <id>3964302</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T21:48:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Grufo</username>
        <id>64423</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Grufo movit paginam [[Disputatio:Nationes mundi]] ad [[Disputatio:Index civitatum sui iuris]]: Videatur [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet?|Vicipaedia:Taberna §&amp;nbsp;Num verbum natio Anglico verbo “nation” respondet?]]</comment>
      <origin>3964302</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="50" sha1="m7fnievb02pf11bj3fvbih45x8idan1" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Disputatio:Index civitatum sui iuris]]</text>
      <sha1>m7fnievb02pf11bj3fvbih45x8idan1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dialectus Lusatica Superior</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>325549</id>
    <revision>
      <id>3964305</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-10T21:55:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Cyprianus Marcus</username>
        <id>66550</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Paginam instituit, scribens '{{Capsa linguae |nomen latine  ={{PAGENAME}} |nomen         =Äberlausitzer Sproche |pronunciation = |color familiae=lawngreen |familia       =e familia [[linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] linguarum [[linguae Indoeuropaeae|Indoeuropaearum]] |fabulantes    = |fabulantes2   = |nationes      = |civitas       =[[Germania]] |scriptura     =[[Scriptura Latina|Latina]] |litteratura   = |iso2          = |iso3          = |tabula        = |syllabus      = |tabula2       = |...'</comment>
      <origin>3964305</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5612" sha1="rctf6p7bmjf1m03rteii9soiz7vnkqe" xml:space="preserve">{{Capsa linguae
|nomen latine  ={{PAGENAME}}
|nomen         =Äberlausitzer Sproche
|pronunciation =
|color familiae=lawngreen
|familia       =e familia [[linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] linguarum [[linguae Indoeuropaeae|Indoeuropaearum]]
|fabulantes    =
|fabulantes2   =
|nationes      =
|civitas       =[[Germania]]
|scriptura     =[[Scriptura Latina|Latina]]
|litteratura   =
|iso2          =
|iso3          =
|tabula        =
|syllabus      =
|tabula2       =
|syllabus2     =
}}
[[Fasciculus:Ebersbach-Sa Schild Spreequelle Mike Krüger 080817 1.JPG|thumb|300px|right|Scutum cum inscriptione Supralusatice scripta.]]
'''Dialectus Lusatica Superior''' ([[Theodisce]] ''Oberlausitzisch'' seu ''Oberlausitzer Mundart''; Supralusatice ''Äberlausitzer Sproche'') est dialectus in [[Lusatia Superior]]e, ad dialectos Lusaticas regionis [[Germania|Germanicae]] Orientalis Mediae pertinens. Nonnumquam, propter affinitatem cum dialectis Montium Metalliferum&lt;ref name=&quot;MM&quot;&gt;&quot;Nuntii Latini Bremenses&quot;, [https://www.bremenzwei.de/themen/latein-nachrichten-rueckblick-september-102.html Septembris 2024, &quot;Pauli Praemium Atrii Artificialis Bremensis tributum&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; (Theodisce ''Erzgebirgisch'') et Silesiaca, inter dialectos Thuringico-Suprasaxonicas eiusdem regionis numeratur.

==Historia==
In dialectologia vulgo censetur dialectum Lusaticam Superiorem sub directo influxu linguarum colonorum [[Franci]]corum, Hassicorum atque [[Thuringi|Thuringorum]] formatam esse. Germanica colonizatio territorii a flumine [[Pulsnicia (fluvius)|Pulsnicia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Müller 1715&quot;&gt;Müller, C. (1715). ''Saxoniae Electoralis Descriptio Historico-Geographica''. Lipsiae: Officina Gleditschiana.&lt;/ref&gt; (Theodisce ''Pulsnitz'') ad occidentem usque ad flumen [[Quissus|Quissum]] ([[Polonice]] ''Kwisa''; Theodisce ''Queis'') ad orientem, inter [[Bohemi|Bohemos]] ad meridiem et Lusatianos ad septentrionem, iam eo tempore coepit, cum [[Lusatia Superior]] ad terras [[Corona Bohemiae|Coronae Bohemicae]] pertineret. Fines inter Electoratum Saxoniae et Lusatiam Superiorem has terras usque ad annum 1635 dividebant.

Influxus linguisticus et culturalis Germanicus ab occidente minimus erat, cum vero influxus Bohemicus effecerit ut in his terris regio linguistica Lusatiae Superioris et Silesiae oreretur, ubi duo dialecti paulatim inter se commiscebantur. Ad hanc regionem non raro etiam referuntur [[dialecti Theodiscae]] inter [[Decinum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ETR 1892&quot;&gt;Educandi Travel Records (1892). ''Collectio itinerariorum et chronicorum veterum Regni Bohemiae'' (Tomus IV). Pragae.&lt;/ref&gt; ([[Bohemice]] ''Děčín'') et [[Reichenberga]]m vigentes.

Hodierna regio, in qua haec dialectus viget, ab urbe [[Episcopi Insula]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;&gt;{{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;] (Theodisce ''Bischofswerda'') usque ad [[Sitavia]]m&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; (Theodisce ''Zittau'') extenditur. Ad septentrionem et boreo-occidentem paulatim in alios dialectos Lusaticas transit. Quamvis haec dialectus ut Lusatica classificetur, tamen dialecto Montium Metalliferorum vel dialecto Silesiaca regionis Thuringico-Suprasaxonicae valde propinqua est.

==Proprietates==
In structura phonetica dialecti Lusaticae Superioris hae proprietates observantur: Littera Germanica ''r'' in hoc dialecto ut sonus retroflexus [ɻ] profertur. Littera Germanica ''l'' sonat ut [ʟ] sonoram. Aspiratio occlusivarum ''p, t, k'' deest. In sermone celeri pronomina aliaque verba breviora saepe coalescunt (exempli gratia ''hierscht'se'' pro ''hörst du sie'', ''hoab'ch's'n'' pro ''habe ich es ihm'').

Praeterea inveniuntur numerosae mutationes vocalium atque diphthongorum. Sic vocalis longa ''e'' interdum ut longa ''a'' sonat (''gaan'' pro ''geben'', ''sahn'' pro ''sehen'') aut ut ''i'' (''giehn'' pro ''gehen'', ''Schnie'' pro ''Schnee''); vocalis longa ''a'' fit longa ''o'' (''schloofn'' pro ''schlafen'', ''Moolr'' pro ''Maler''); vocalis longa ''o'' fit ''u'' (''Ufn'' pro ''Ofen'', ''Ustn'' pro ''Osten''); vocalis autem longa ''u'' quibusdam in casibus brevis efficitur (''Fuss'' pro ''Fuß''). Vocales metaphonicae ''ö'' et ''ü'' in dialecto in ''i'' transeunt (''Kließl'' pro ''Klöße'', ''Fisse'' pro ''Füße''). Diphthongus ''au'' in longam ''o'' vel ''e'' mutatur (''roochn'' pro ''rauchen'', ''keefm'' vel ''koofm'' pro ''kaufen''), dum ''ei'' in longam ''e'' transit (''Meester'' pro ''Meister'').

In formatione vocabulorum hae proprietates observantur: Suffixa [[Nomen substantivum|substantivorum]] ''-heit'' et ''-ung'' in dialecto per suffixum ''-che'' redduntur (''Achtche, Bescherche, Begabche, Kleedche''). [[Adiectivum|Adiectiva]] cum ''-ig'' vel ''-lig'' desinentia in ''-ch'' vel ''-lch'' terminantur (''imbänd'ch = gewaltig, sehr; mahlch = mehlig''). Nomina propria cum ''-rich'' desinentia formam ''-erch'' accipiunt (''Heinerch'').

Dialectus magnam copiam vocabulorum originis [[Linguae Slavicae|Slavicae]] continet. Amplum quoque numerum vocabulorum e dialecto Lusatica Superiore oriundorum reperimus, quae correspondentiam Silesiacam habent. In sermone cotidiano proprietas insignis est usus particularum ''nu'' vel ''no'' loco ''ja'', atque ''oack'' vel ''ock'' loco ''doch, nur, bloß''.

Omnes hae proprietates simul efficiunt ut dialectus Lusatica Superior locutoribus linguae Germanicae litterariae vix intellegibilis sit atque mutuam intellegentiam cum locutoribus aliarum dialectorum Lusaticarum vel Silesiacarum aliquantum impediat.

==Bibliographia==
* Andert, Herbert. I [love] de Äberlausitz, Ruth Gering Verl, 1991.

==Notae==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria: Dialecti Theodiscae]]
[[Categoria: Linguae Germanicae]]
[[Categoria: Saxonia]]</text>
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|nomen latine  ={{PAGENAME}}
|nomen         =Äberlausitzer Sproche
|pronunciation =
|color familiae=lawngreen
|familia       =e familia [[linguae Germanicae|Germanica]] linguarum [[linguae Indoeuropaeae|Indoeuropaearum]]
|fabulantes    =
|fabulantes2   =
|nationes      =
|civitas       =[[Germania]]
|scriptura     =[[Scriptura Latina|Latina]]
|litteratura   =
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[[Fasciculus:Ebersbach-Sa Schild Spreequelle Mike Krüger 080817 1.JPG|thumb|300px|right|Scutum cum inscriptione Supralusatice scripta.]]
'''Dialectus Lusatica Superior''' ([[Theodisce]] ''Oberlausitzisch'' seu ''Oberlausitzer Mundart''; Supralusatice ''Äberlausitzer Sproche'') est dialectus in [[Lusatia Superior]]e, ad dialectos Lusaticas regionis [[Germania|Germanicae]] Orientalis Mediae pertinens. Nonnumquam, propter affinitatem cum dialectis Montium Metalliferum&lt;ref name=&quot;MM&quot;&gt;&quot;Nuntii Latini Bremenses&quot;, [https://www.bremenzwei.de/themen/latein-nachrichten-rueckblick-september-102.html Septembris 2024, &quot;Pauli Praemium Atrii Artificialis Bremensis tributum&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt; (Theodisce ''Erzgebirgisch'') et Silesiaca, inter dialectos Thuringico-Suprasaxonicas eiusdem regionis numeratur.

==Historia==
In dialectologia vulgo censetur dialectum Lusaticam Superiorem sub directo influxu linguarum colonorum [[Franci]]corum, Hassicorum atque [[Thuringi|Thuringorum]] formatam esse. Germanica colonizatio territorii a flumine [[Pulsnicia (fluvius)|Pulsnicia]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Müller 1715&quot;&gt;Müller, C. (1715). ''Saxoniae Electoralis Descriptio Historico-Geographica''. Lipsiae: Officina Gleditschiana.&lt;/ref&gt; (Theodisce ''Pulsnitz'') ad occidentem usque ad flumen [[Quissus|Quissum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Ledelius 1690&quot;&gt;Ledelius, S. (1690). ''Miscellanea Curiosa Medico-Physica Academiae Caesareo-Leopoldinae Naturae Curiosorum'' (Decuria II, Annus VIII, Observatio CLO). Norimbergae.&lt;/ref&gt; ([[Polonice]] ''Kwisa''; Theodisce ''Queis'') ad orientem, inter [[Bohemi|Bohemos]] ad meridiem et Lusatianos ad septentrionem, iam eo tempore coepit, cum [[Lusatia Superior]] ad terras [[Corona Bohemiae|Coronae Bohemicae]] pertineret. Fines inter Electoratum Saxoniae et Lusatiam Superiorem has terras usque ad annum 1635 dividebant.

Influxus linguisticus et culturalis Germanicus ab occidente minimus erat, cum vero influxus Bohemicus effecerit ut in his terris regio linguistica Lusatiae Superioris et Silesiae oreretur, ubi duo dialecti paulatim inter se commiscebantur. Ad hanc regionem non raro etiam referuntur [[dialecti Theodiscae]] inter [[Decinum]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ETR 1892&quot;&gt;Educandi Travel Records (1892). ''Collectio itinerariorum et chronicorum veterum Regni Bohemiae'' (Tomus IV). Pragae.&lt;/ref&gt; ([[Bohemice]] ''Děčín'') et [[Reichenberga]]m vigentes.

Hodierna regio, in qua haec dialectus viget, ab urbe [[Episcopi Insula]&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;&gt;{{Graesse}}.&lt;/ref&gt;] (Theodisce ''Bischofswerda'') usque ad [[Sitavia]]m&lt;ref name=&quot;Graesse&quot;/&gt; (Theodisce ''Zittau'') extenditur. Ad septentrionem et boreo-occidentem paulatim in alios dialectos Lusaticas transit. Quamvis haec dialectus ut Lusatica classificetur, tamen dialecto Montium Metalliferorum vel dialecto Silesiaca regionis Thuringico-Suprasaxonicae valde propinqua est.

==Proprietates==
In structura phonetica dialecti Lusaticae Superioris hae proprietates observantur: Littera Germanica ''r'' in hoc dialecto ut sonus retroflexus [ɻ] profertur. Littera Germanica ''l'' sonat ut [ʟ] sonoram. Aspiratio occlusivarum ''p, t, k'' deest. In sermone celeri pronomina aliaque verba breviora saepe coalescunt (exempli gratia ''hierscht'se'' pro ''hörst du sie'', ''hoab'ch's'n'' pro ''habe ich es ihm'').

Praeterea inveniuntur numerosae mutationes vocalium atque diphthongorum. Sic vocalis longa ''e'' interdum ut longa ''a'' sonat (''gaan'' pro ''geben'', ''sahn'' pro ''sehen'') aut ut ''i'' (''giehn'' pro ''gehen'', ''Schnie'' pro ''Schnee''); vocalis longa ''a'' fit longa ''o'' (''schloofn'' pro ''schlafen'', ''Moolr'' pro ''Maler''); vocalis longa ''o'' fit ''u'' (''Ufn'' pro ''Ofen'', ''Ustn'' pro ''Osten''); vocalis autem longa ''u'' quibusdam in casibus brevis efficitur (''Fuss'' pro ''Fuß''). Vocales metaphonicae ''ö'' et ''ü'' in dialecto in ''i'' transeunt (''Kließl'' pro ''Klöße'', ''Fisse'' pro ''Füße''). Diphthongus ''au'' in longam ''o'' vel ''e'' mutatur (''roochn'' pro ''rauchen'', ''keefm'' vel ''koofm'' pro ''kaufen''), dum ''ei'' in longam ''e'' transit (''Meester'' pro ''Meister'').

In formatione vocabulorum hae proprietates observantur: Suffixa [[Nomen substantivum|substantivorum]] ''-heit'' et ''-ung'' in dialecto per suffixum ''-che'' redduntur (''Achtche, Bescherche, Begabche, Kleedche''). [[Adiectivum|Adiectiva]] cum ''-ig'' vel ''-lig'' desinentia in ''-ch'' vel ''-lch'' terminantur (''imbänd'ch = gewaltig, sehr; mahlch = mehlig''). Nomina propria cum ''-rich'' desinentia formam ''-erch'' accipiunt (''Heinerch'').

Dialectus magnam copiam vocabulorum originis [[Linguae Slavicae|Slavicae]] continet. Amplum quoque numerum vocabulorum e dialecto Lusatica Superiore oriundorum reperimus, quae correspondentiam Silesiacam habent. In sermone cotidiano proprietas insignis est usus particularum ''nu'' vel ''no'' loco ''ja'', atque ''oack'' vel ''ock'' loco ''doch, nur, bloß''.

Omnes hae proprietates simul efficiunt ut dialectus Lusatica Superior locutoribus linguae Germanicae litterariae vix intellegibilis sit atque mutuam intellegentiam cum locutoribus aliarum dialectorum Lusaticarum vel Silesiacarum aliquantum impediat.

==Bibliographia==
* Andert, Herbert. I [love] de Äberlausitz, Ruth Gering Verl, 1991.

==Notae==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[Categoria: Dialecti Theodiscae]]
[[Categoria: Linguae Germanicae]]
[[Categoria: Saxonia]]</text>
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