Vicipaedia lawiki https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicipaedia:Pagina_prima MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.12 first-letter Media Specialis Disputatio Usor Disputatio Usoris Vicipaedia Disputatio Vicipaediae Fasciculus Disputatio Fasciculi MediaWiki Disputatio MediaWiki Formula Disputatio Formulae Auxilium Disputatio Auxilii Categoria Disputatio Categoriae Porta Disputatio Portae Adumbratio Disputatio Adumbrationis TimedText TimedText talk Modulus Disputatio Moduli Event Event talk Slesvicum (commune) 0 934 3974837 3936688 2026-07-26T20:44:53Z Bartholomite 116968 3974837 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Slesvicum}} (-i, n.)<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> seu {{res|Sliasvig}} (-is, f.) vel {{res|Sliaswig}} vel {{res|Slesvig}} sive {{res|Sleswic}}, ([[Theodisce]] ''Schleswig''), est [[urbs]] [[Dania|Danica]], nunc [[Germania|Germanica]] ad [[Slia]]m<ref>[[Ioannes Georgius Theodorus Graesse|J. G. Th. Graesse]], ''[[Orbis Latinus]]'', [[Brunsvicum|Brunopoli]] 1972, [https://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/0005/bsb00050914/images/index.html?fip=193.174.98.30&seite=396&pdfseitex= vol. III, p. 394].</ref> sinum. [[Adamus Bremensis]] de Slesvico et de proxima urbe [[Heidiba]] nuntiat. ==Historia== [[Fasciculus:Schleswig Gottorf18.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|[[Castellum]] Gottorfianum.]] Nescimus quando Slesvicum conditum erat. Nomen ''Sliasthorp'' primo scriptum erat anno [[804]] et verisimile a [[Godofredus I (rex Daniae)|Godofredo I]] rege [[Dania]]e conditum est. Heidiba urbs deleta erat anno [[1066]] a [[Sclavus|Sclavis]]. Nunc Sliasvigiae est medius locus inter maria. Naves a mari orientali in Sliam navigabant. [[Egdor]]e Sliasvigem cum maribus occidentalibus conexit. Slias fuit [[episcopus|episopi]] sedes. [[Saxo Grammaticus]] de Sliasvig (Sleswic) sic nuntiat (''Gesta Danorum'' 10.3.0): :[1] Post haec Thyra, quo patriam a clandestinis exterorum irruptionibus tutiorem praestaret, quantum a Sleswico ad occidentalem Oceanum patet, vallo fossaque proscindere aggressa est, superque iacto aggere tenacissimi operis terrenum molita est munimentum. Item (13.2.1): :[1] Henricus vero, Guthskalci ex Siritha filius, maternis a Nicolao bonis indigne spoliatus, tam acrem eorum repetitorem agere coepit, ut Danis infatigabiliter imminens ipsum intra Sleswici fines ad tuendam salutem suam statione et excubiis uti cogeret. [2] Interiectam Albiae Sleswicoque provinciam cultore vacuefecit. [3] Cuius rei ulciscendae gratia Nicolaus, excita classe, Liutcham appellit, Elivo Sleswicensis praefecturae viro equestres obviam sibi copias ductare iusso. [4] Necdum enim Dani externas obequitando pugnas conficere noverant. [5] Verum praefecti levitas, pecuniae ab Henrico pactione corrupta, cupidius quaestum quam imperium intuebatur. [6] Itaque Nicolaus Sclavicis in campis vacuam equis phalangem explicat. Item (13.2.8): :[1] At Henricus, ob superioris pugnae successum audaciae incrementis evectus, litorales Danos piratica lacessendo non solum Eidorae finitima, sed etiam cuncta Sleswico valloque, quod Danorum opus vocamus, interiecta vastabat. [2] Ipsam interdum urbem illatis clam per navigia copiis improvidam aggrediebatur. [3] Itaque post exactum Elivum adhuc finibus illis provisore vacuis, creberrimae exterorum violentiae etiam domestica furta accessere, tantoque civitas intus quam foris acerbius urgebatur, quanto ad nocendum occulta manifestis proniora noscuntur. Aeque civis ut hostis formidabatur. Item (13.5.11): :[1] Et, si veri confessorem agere non erubescis, ipse iam pridem Sleswici consistens salutem tuam adversum Saxonum excursationes iugibus excubiis vallare necesse habuisti.'' Item (14.7.3): :[1] Sueno, reditus eius opinione accepta, Iutis in equitatum digestis, a Sialandis et Scanis classem asciscit. [2] Ex qua nonnullas naves Sleswici subductas ad Eidoram usque solo tenus pertrahendas curavit, ne ea pars hostibus elapsui foret. Item (15.5.12): :[1] Illic quoque Syfridus, splendido Thuringiae loco ortus, unam Waldemari filiarum, Caesare astipulante, despondit, regiaque nave devectus sollemnes Sleswici nuptias habuit. == Cives praeclari == * [[Adolphus Fridericus (rex Sueciae)|Adolphus Fridericus]] (1710 - 1771), rex [[Suecia]]e. * [[Asmus Iacobus Carstens]] (1754 - 1778), pictor. * [[Christianus III (rex Daniae)|Christianus III]] (1503 - 1559), rex Daniae. * [[Christianus IX (rex Daniae)|Christianus IX]] (1818 - 1906), rex Daniae. * [[Ioannes de Seeckt]] (1866 - 1936), vir militaris ac publicus. * [[Ulricus de Brockdorff-Rantzau]] (1869 - 1928), legatus et vir publicus. * [[Valdemarus I (rex Daniae)|Valdemarus I]] (1134 - 1182), rex Daniae. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{fontes geographici}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070928143521/http://ftp.pligtaflevering.dk/elib/lit/dan/saxo/lat/or.dsr/index.htm Saxo Grammaticus: ''Gesta Danorum.''] [[Categoria:Condita 804]] [[Categoria:Urbes Slesvici et Holsatiae]] exq9511p5e4a9nx6s9jfx0dl0g62gjc Odyssea 0 8082 3974741 3974661 2026-07-26T13:19:17Z IacobusAmor 1163 3974741 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:Homer, Odyssey, Vaticanus Palatinus graecus 7.jpg|thumb|''Odysseae'' manuscriptum (codex Vaticanus Palatinus Graecus 7). Carminis quinti versus 319–350 cum scholiis.]] [[Fasciculus:Villa Romana de La Olmeda Mosaicos romanos 001 Ulises.jpg|thumb|''[[Odysseus]].'' [[Opus tessellatum]] in [[villa]] [[La Olmeda]] apud [[Pedrosa de la Vega]] in [[Hispania]], [[saeculum|saeculis]] [[saeculum 4|quarto]] exeunte vel [[saeculum 5|quinto]].]] [[Fasciculus:Odysseus Sirens BM E440 n2.jpg|thumb|upright=1|''Odysseus et Sirenes.'' Eponymum [[Pictor Sirenum|Pictoris Sirenum]] [[vas]], circa [[480 a.C.n.|480]]–[[470 a.C.n.]] [[Museum Britannicum]].]] [[Fasciculus:Mosaïque d'Ulysse et les sirènes.jpg|thumb|upright=1|''Odysseus et Sirenes: [[scaena]] [[mare|maritima]].'' [[Opus tessellatum]] [[Imperium Romanum|Romanum]], [[Carthago|Carthagini]], [[saeculum 2|saeculo secundo]], nunc in [[Bardo Museum]] [[Tunisia]]e.]] {{ores|Odyssea}} est [[poësis epica|carmen epicum]] [[Graece]] [[saeculum 8 a.C.n.|saeculo octavo]] seu [[saeculum 7 a.C.n.|septimo a.C.n.]] [[compositio|compositum]] et [[Homerus|Homero]] adscriptum. [[Historia]]m [[Ilias|Iliadis]] post intervallum continuans, de itinere [[Ulixes|Ulixis]] post [[Bellum Troianum]] tractat. ==Argumentum== {| class="wikitable" |I ||'''α'''<ref>In hac columna significationes carminum Graecae traditionales positae sunt, quas saepe in scholiis et in lexicis invenire potes.</ref>||Ad initium carminis poëta [[Musae|Musam]] invocat. Deorum concilium fit de [[Ulixes|Ulixe]] a [[Calypso|Calypsus]] insula liberando et in [[Ithaca (insula)|Ithacam]] mittendo. Dea [[Minerva]] in Ithacam proficiscitur ad [[Telemachus|Telemachum]], similis facta [[Mentes|Menti]] regi [[Taphii|Taphiorum]]. Facto autem colloquio, Telemacho Minerva persuasit ut proficisceretur ad patris inquisitionem, in [[Pylos|Pylum]] quidem ad [[Nestor]]em, in [[Sparta]]m vero ad [[Menelaus|Menelaum]]. [[Penelopae proci|Procorum]] fit convivium. |- |II ||'''β'''||Congregato concilio Telemachus denuntiat procis ut exeant e domo Ulixis. Acceptis autem ab [[Euryclea]] quae peregrinationem necessaria essent, a Minerva sociis et navi, navigationem solvit post solis occasum. |- |III ||'''γ'''||Telemachum venientem cum Minerva (quae personam [[Mentor (persona)|Mentor]]is, Odysseo consiliarii, adsumit) Nestor hospitio excipit, et narrat quid accidisset [[Graeci]]s a [[Troia]] navigantibus. Sacrificium facit. Telemachus curru accepto cum [[Pisistratus (Nestoris filius)|Pisistrato]] Nestoris filio Spartam proficiscitur. Nocte superveniente divertuntur apud Dioclem [[Pherae|Pheris]]. |- |IV ||'''δ'''||Apud Menelaum hospitio exceptus cum Pisistrato Telemachus de procis factisque in Ithaca agit. Ipsi narrat Menelaus de reditu Graecorum et [[Proteus|Protei]] vaticinio, per quod cognovit [[Agamemnon]]is mortem Ulixemque apud Calypso retentum. Proci eo tempore de Telemacho occidendo consultant. Consolatur autem Minerva per somnium [[Penelope|Penelopam]], Telemachi profectionem graviter ferentem, persona Iphthimae Penelopae sorori adsumpta. |- |V ||'''ε'''||Concilio deorum iterum facto, [[Iuppiter]] [[Mercurius (deus)|Mercurium]] mittit ad Calypso, Ulixem dimittere iubens. Quae iusso paret. Decima vero octava die conspicatus eum [[Neptunus (deus)|Neptunus]], et indignatus, solvit [[Ratis|ratem]]. [[Ino|Leucothea]] vero ei dat vitam, praecipiens ut postquam ad terram appulisset, abiiceret eam, et multa passus, in [[Phaeaces|Phaeacum]] regionem venit servatus. |- |VI ||'''ζ'''||Minerva adstans per [[Nausicaa]]<nowiki/>e [[Alcinous|Alcinoi]] filiae iubet illam vestis ad flumen ferri lotum; instari enim ei nuptias. Illa vero iussa facit, deinde ludit cum ancillis. Audiens autem ipsas Ulixes expergiscitur, et precatus Nausicaam, vetemque et cibum ab ipsa accipiens, sequitur eam in urbem. |- |VII ||'''η'''||Nausicaa in urbem pervenit, et paulo post Ulixes supplicat [[Arete (Alcinoi mulier)|Aretae]] Alcinoi regis uxori. Atque illi post cenam interroganti unde vestimenta haberet (cognoverat enim ea), omnia quae acciderant sibi in navigatione ab [[Ogygia]] usque ad Phaeacum terram narrat. |- |VIII ||'''θ'''||Contio fit Phaeacum de hospite, et navis reducitur ad reductionem Ulixis; et convivio suspiciuntur ab Alcinoo Phaeacum optimates. Et posthac disco certant Phaeaces et Ulixes. Et [[Demodocus]] canit, primum quidem ea quae circa introductionem lignei equi: atque Ulixe flente interrogatur quis et unde sit. |- |IX ||'''ι'''||Principium Ulixis narrationum, in quo ait se bellavisse cum [[Cicones|Ciconibus]], et ad [[Lotophagi|Lotophagos]] appulisse, et ad [[Cyclops|Cyclopem]] [[Polyphemus|Polyphemum]] venisse, et eum (postquam comedisset sex iam socios) excaecavisse. |- |X ||'''κ'''||Ea quae apud [[Aeolus|Aeolum]] acciderunt narrat ventorum custodem, ut dederit Ulixi secundum ventum [[Zephyrus|Zephyrum]], aliis ventis inclusis in utre: quem socii solventes (dormiente Ulixe) videlicet in ipso aurum esse existimantes, redeunt ad Aeolum. Sed non recipiente Aeolo Ulixes, illinc navigans ad [[Laestrygones|Laestrygonas]] pervenit; apud quos undecim navibus amissis, una in [[Aeaea]]<nowiki/>m insulam proficiscitur. Et cum [[Eurylochus|Eurylocho]] dimidium sociorum sorte electum emisit, interrogaturos quinam essent inhabitatores. Transformatis autem illis in sues a [[Circe]] praeter Eurylochum, ipse ad inquisitionem egressus, accepto a Mercurio medicamento [[moly]], non est labefactus: imo etiam sociis pristinam naturam adeptis, postquam annum mansit apud Circen, ad infernos descendit. |- |XI ||'''λ'''||(''[[Νέκυια]]'') Enarrat quomodo ad Circes mandata ad inferos descenderit, et quo pacto audiverit [[Tiresias|Tiresiam]] vatem de sua et ceterorum fortuna. Et ut heroas et heroidas viderit apud inferos, et eorum qui ad [[Ilium]] militaverunt nonnullos; et eorum qui apud inferos puniuntur. |- |XII ||'''μ'''||Enarrat ab inferis qualis fuerit sibi reditus ad Circen et quomodo [[Sirenes|Sirenas]] praeternavigaverit [[Scylla]]mque et [[Charybdis|Charybdim]]: et suae navis et sociorum interitum, qui occiderant Solis boves: et ut solus in ligno ad [[Calypso]] evaserit. |- |XIII ||'''ν'''||Navis Phaeacum Ulixem celeriter in Ithacam transtulit, ubi nautae eum dormientem in litore relinquunt. Experrectus patriam suam minime agnoscat, sed Minerva ei veritatem aperit et in senem mendicum eum transformavit, ne cognitus sit. Ad [[Eumaeus|Eumaeum]] subulcum ire iubet. |- |XIV ||'''ξ'''||Ulixes incognitus ad Eumaeum venit, qui domini reditum desiderat. Hospitaliter ab eo exceptus post multas sermones et post vespernam in casa Eumaei pernoctat. |- |XV ||'''ο'''||Minerva Telemacho in somno apparet et domum reverti cogit. Ille Menelaum reliquit et navem cum [[Theoclymenes|Theoclymene]] propheta ascendit. Ulixes Eumaeo se in urbem profecturum esse dicit, sed subulcus ei, ut maneat, dum Telemachus revertatur, persuadet multaque narrat. Telemachus Ithacae navem suam appellit. |- |XVI ||'''π'''||Telemachus ad Eumaeum venit, qui in urbem proficiscitur, ut Penelopae filii adventum nuntiet. Ulixes Minerva monente Telemacho se aperit. De procis necandis illi consiliantur, proci eo tempore de Telemachum occidere consilium capiunt, sed Penelope certior facta eos obiurgat. Eumaeus domum revertitur. |- |XVII ||'''ρ'''||Telemachus in urbem venit et Theoclymenes Penelopae Ulixis reditum prodicat. Eumaeus et Ulixes in urbem proficiscuntur. Ad domum suam Ulixes [[Argos (canis Ulixis)|Argum canem suum]] veterem videt, qui illum agnoscat et moritur. Ulixes ut mendicus domum, ubi proci epulantur, intrat. |- |XVIII ||'''σ'''||Ulixes cum [[Irus|Iro]] mendico battuat et [[Amphinomus|Amphinomum]] procos relinquere monet, sed frustra. Penelope procis spem dat. Hi dona ei colligunt. [[Melantho]] ancilla et [[Eurymachus]] procus Ulixem laedant. Proci domos abeunt. |- |XIX ||'''τ'''||Ulixes et Telemachus arma ex atrio auferunt. Ulixes incognitus cum Penelope colloquitur. [[Euryclea]] nutrix pedes Ulixi lavans cicatricem veterem videt et agnovit eum, sed Ulixes eam tacere iubet. Penelope cras se ei procorum nuptum iri proclamat, qui arcum Ulixis tendere et sagittam per viginti circulos mittere poterit. |- |XX ||'''υ'''||Post noctem inquietem convivium novum paratur. Omen procos Telemachum occidere prohibet. Sensus eorum turbantur. Theoclymenes perniciem eis praedicat. |- |XXI ||'''φ'''||Penelope arcum et sagittas Ulixis affert. Ulixes Eumaeo et [[Philoetius|Philoetio]] armentario se aperit. Proci arcum tendere nequeunt et Antimachus hic in diem crastinum differre proponit. Ulixes arcum rogat et Telemacho iubente accipit. Arcum tendit et sagittam in viginti circulos mittit. |- |XXII ||'''χ'''||Ulixes [[Antinous (procus Penelopae)|Antinoum]] occidit et procis se aperit. Telemacho et Eumaeo et Philoetio adiuvantibus omnes procos interficit. [[Medon|Medonti]] nuntio et [[Phemius|Phemio]] rhapsodo parcit. Servis infidelibus punitis Eurycleam mittit, ut Penelopem vocet. |- |XXIII ||'''ψ'''||Penelope coniugem agnoscere dubitat. Ulixes choream instituit, ut cives fallat, se lavat et Penelopae, ut dubitationes eius opprimat, de toro eorum talia narrat, quod nemo nisi ipse scire potest. Dormitum veniunt. Mane Ulixes ad [[Laertes|Laertem]] patrem suum proficiscitur. |- |XXIV ||'''ω'''||Procorum animae in Orco cum [[Achilles|Achille]] et [[Agamemnon]]e colloquuntur. Ulixes Laerti se aperit. Procorum morte cognita cives Ithacae turbantur; Eupeithes Antinoi pater contra Ulixem et Telemachum eos ducit, sed Laertes Eupeithem interficit. Pugnam incipientem Minerva retentat et pacem instituit. |} ==Versiones== ===Latinae=== [[Fasciculus:Homerus - Odissea, 1794 - 3939651 F.jpg|thumb|Exemplar anno 1794 editum Homeri ''Odysseae'' et ''[[Batrachomyomachia]]e'' falso Homero ascriptae.]] [[Livius Andronicus]] primus ''Odysseam'' Latine [[versus Saturnius|versu Saturnio]] vertit, cuius versionis fragmenta habemus. [[Horatius]] in ''Arte poëtica'' (141—142) tres primos versus duobus reddit. De versione ''Odysseae'' Attii Labeonis, quam [[Persius]] (I 4) memorat, nihil servatur (dimidia pars versus ''Iliadis'' nota est). [[Aevum Medium]] Homerum nesciebat. [[Leontius Pilatus]] a [[Petrarca]] inspiratus ''Odysseam'' totam oratione soluta vertit, sed versio illius minime laudatur. [[Raphael Volaterranus]] ''Odysseam'' etiam oratione soluta cum primis tantum versibus hexametricis vertit (edita est versio cum versione ''Iliadis'' [[Laurentius Valla|Laurentii Vallae]], [[Brixia]]e 1474). Versio [[Franciscus Aretinus|Francisci Aretini]]<ref>Francesco Griffolini, videas de eo in [http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/francesco-griffolini_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ ''Treccani'']</ref>, anni 1462 facta, solum 1507 [[Argentoratum|Argentorati]] sine nomine eius, sed Georgio Maxillo attributa, edita est. [[Andreas Divus]] et [[Henricus Stephanus Minor|Henricus Stephanus]] ''Odysseam'' cum versione Latina prosaica ediderunt. [[Simon Lemnius]] totam ''Odysseam'' hexametris Latinis vertit. Alteram versionem plenam hexametricam elegantiorem [[Bernardus Zamagna]] edidit anno 1777. {| class="wikitable" |Homerus Graece||Ἄνδρα μοι ἔννεπε, Μοῦσα, πολύτροπον, ὅς μάλα πολλὰ / πλάγχθη, ἐπεὶ Τροίης ἱερὸν πτολίεθρον ἔπερσεν· / πολλῶν δ' ἀνθρώπων ἴδεν ἄστεα καὶ νόον ἔγνω... |- |Livius Andronicus||Virum mihi, Camena, insece versutum... |- |Horatius<ref>Quem Volaterranus repetit.</ref>||Dic mihi, Musa, virum, captae post tempora Troiae / qui mores hominum multorum vidit et urbes... |- |Franciscus Aretinus||Dic mihi, Musa, virum pericula exercitatum, qui post sacram urbem Ilium dirutam longis erroribus et civitates multas vidit et hominum mentes cognovit... |- |Simon Lemnius||Dic mihi, Musa, virum, qui postquam Pergama Troiae / Celsa sacra evertit, populatus moenia flammae / Classe diu raptus, variis erroribus actus, / Qui mores hominum multorum vidit et urbes... |- |Bernardus Zamagna||Musa virum memora, varium qui pectore versans / Ingenium, erravit longum post eruta Troiae / Pergama. multorum mores inspexit et urbes / Ille hominum... |} ===Theodiscae=== Inter linguas novas prima ''Odysseae'' versio Theodisca fuit, a [[Simon Minervius|Simone Minervio]] e Volaterrani textu Latino facta et anno 1537 edita. Post Minervium [[Ioannes Iacobus Bodmer]] versionem [[hexameter|hexametricam]] fecit (1780) et [[Ioannes Henricus Voß]] (1781, editio altera 1792), cuiis versio Germaniae maxime laudatur; post eum etiam multae versiones hexametricae factae sunt. Ex oratione soluta factis notissima est versio a {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Gustavus Schwab|Gustavo Schwab|de|qid=Q77428}} composita; saeculo XX et aliae factae sunt metricae et prosaicae. Anno 1956 {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Albertus Meyer (interpres)|Albertus Meyer|de|qid=Q26710532}} versionem hexametricam in dialectum [[Berna (pagus)|Bernanum]] confecit; anno 2008 Henricus Muller in [[Lingua Luxemburgensis|linguam Luxemburgensem]] sex carmina interpretatus est. ===Hispanicae=== Secunda versio ''Odysseae'' vulgaris a [[Gundisalvus Pérez|Gundisalvo Pérez]] facta est, qui anno 1556 versionem Hispanicam [[hendecasyllabus|hendecasyllabis]] compositam edidit, quae et prima poetica, et prima e textu Graeco facta est. Sed post Perez tantum [[Mariano Esparza]] versionem [[octava (strophe)|octavis]] compositam anno 1837 [[Mexicopolis|Mexicopoli]] edidit<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231228165038/https://bdh-rd.bne.es/viewer.vm?id=0000012155 ''Odisea de Homero o sean Los Trabajos de Ulises: en metro castellano'', 1837]; [https://phte.upf.edu/dhte/griego-clasico/homero/ Emilio Crespo, ''Homero''] (''Diccionario histórico de la traducción en España'').</ref>. Versio poetica [[Antonius de Gironella|Antonii de Gironella]] (1851) Hispaniae notissima videtur. Versionem doctam oratione soluta [[Ludovicus Segalá y Estalella]] edidit anno 1910; factae sunt et aliae tempore recentiore. ===Francogallicae=== Ab [[Iacobus Peletarius|Iacobo Peletario]] prima versio Francogallica facta est; carmen primum et secundum versu [[decasyllabus|decasyllabo]] [[Rima (poësis)|rimis]] binis vertit anno 1547. Vesrionem plenam {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Salomon Certon||fr|qid=Q3470044}} [[versus Alexandrinus|versu Alexandrino]] edidit anno 1594. Saeculo XVII versiones vel imitationes oratione soluta factae duae editae sunt: [[Claudius Boitel|Claudii Boitel]] (1619) variatio libera<ref>[https://books.google.ru/books?id=JTBrzXDYHe8C ''GoogleBooks''].</ref> et [[Achilles de La Valterie|Achillis de La Valterie]], [[fabula romanica|fabulae Romanicae]] assilmilata (1681). [[Anna Daceria|Anna Daceria]] versionem prosaicam a multis laudatam anno 1716 edidit. Post Daceriam anno 1777 versio nova a {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Gulielmus Dubois de Rochefort|Gulielmo Dubois de Rochefort|fr|qid=Q3119818}} docta, sed versu Alexandrino; quam autem {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Paulus Ieremias Bitaubé||fr|qid=Q3371560}} (1785)oratione soluta facta est, sed pro ornametis falsis reprehendebatur. Saeculo XIX multae versiones oratione soluta factae sunt, quarum [[Carolus Franciscus Lebrun|Caroli Francisci Lebrun]] (1819) et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Petrus Giguet|Petri Giguet|fr|qid=Q3385208}} (1843), quae multis usui erat, et [[Carolus Leconte de Lisle|Caroli Leconte de Lisle]] poetae Parnassici notemus. Postrema versio versu Alexandrino vero anno 1895 a {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ulixes Franciscus Angelus de Séguier|Ulixe comite de Séguier|fr|qid=Q16681666}} edita est. {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Victor Bérard||fr|qid=Q2484224}} ''Odysseae'' vertendae versu Alexandrino sine rimis usus est (1924), [[Versus liber|versu libero]] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Philippus Jaccottet||d|qid=Q123521}} (1955) et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Fridericus Mugler||d|qid=Q21705546}} versu quattuordecim syllabarum sine rimis (1995). {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Philippus Brunet||fr|qid=Q3379465}} versionem suam (2010) [[hexameter|hexametricam]] appellat<ref>[https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceculture/podcasts/celui-que-l-on-appelle-homere/l-iliade-par-philippe-brunet-2895245 ''RadioFrance''].</ref>. ===Nederlandicae=== {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Theodoricus Coornhert||nl|qid=Q765465}} primus ''Odysseam'' Nederlandice vertit, versu quinque accentibus cum rimis multis ordine complexo positis; e textu Latino versio facta est; carmina duodecim anno 1561 edita sunt<ref>[https://books.google.nl/books?id=Qf9hAAAAcAAJ ''GoogleBooks''].</ref>, cetera 1601. Anno 1651 versio libera oratione soluta facta edita est, "G. v. S." inscripta; interpres fortasse [[Gilles van Staveren]]<ref>[http://www.biografischportaal.nl/persoon/85617587 ''Biografisch Portaal van Nederland''].</ref> fuit. Versionem novam oratione soluta {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ioannes Henricus Glazemaker||nl|qid=Q2221565}} anno 1654<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231227153343/https://lib.ugent.be/europeana/900000050989?pg=PP7 Editio].</ref> edidit. Prima versu Alexandrino a {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Conradus Droste|Conrado Droste|nl|qid=Q52154093}} anno 1719 edita est, altera ab [[Ioannes van 's Gravenweert|Ioanne van 's Gravenweert]] (1823–1824). Anno 1889 {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Carolus Vosmaer||nl|qid=Q4885435}} primam hexametricam edidit<ref>[https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_taa008199501_01/_taa008199501_01_0051.php De metro].</ref>. Inter recentiores multas hexametricas vel prosaicas versionem iambis quinque pedum a {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Patricius Lateur|Patricio Lateur|nl|qid=Q2682295}} anno 2016 editam notemus. ===Italicae=== ''Odysseae'' prima versio fuit {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ludovicus Dolce|Ludovici Dolce|it|qid=Q1867806}} opus posthumum anno 1573 editum [[octava (strophe)|octavis]] factum; satis libera est variatio<ref>[[:s:it:L%27Ulisse|''Vicifons'']].</ref>. Versio plen oratione soluta a {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Fredericus Malipiero|Frederico Malipiero|d|qid=Q63347394}} edita est (1643), et illa libera. {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Antonius Maria Salvini||it|qid=Q349065}} versionem plenam et exactam, quamvis [[versus exsolutus|versu exsoluto]] (''verso sciolto'') compositam, fecit (1723)<ref>[[:s:it:Odissea_(Salvini)|''Vicifons'']].</ref> Anno 1822 versio [[Hippolytus Pindemonte|Hippolyti Pindemonte]] edita est versu exsoluto facta<ref>[[:s:it:Odissea_(Pindemonte)|''Vicifons'']].</ref>, quae in Italiae laudes maximas accepit. E recentioribus multis versionem hexametricam primam (sed non solam) a {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Manilius Faggella|Manilio Faggella|it|qid=Q48658569}} factam (1924) nominemus et versionem {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Rosa Calzecchi Onesti|Rosae Calzecchi Onesti|it|qid=Q3941239}} (1963), cuius oratio soluta in Italia serena et lectui apta habetur. ===Anglicae=== Iambis septem pedum (cum dihaeresi post quartum) rimis binis primam versionem fecit [[Georgius Chapmanus]], quam ab anno 1611 ad 1615 edebat. Multas laudes versio Chapmaniana accepit. Anno 1665 versio [[Iohannes Ogilbius|Ioannis Ogilbii]] chartographi rimata edita est et anno 1675 [[Thomas Hobbius|Thomae Hobbii]] philosophi clarissimi (iambis quinque pedum cum rimis cruce positis, ''abab''). Anno 1726 versio [[Alexander Pope|Alexandri Pope]] distichis heroicis facta edebatur, Pope ipse carmina duodecim vertit; {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Guilielmus Broome||en|qid=Q8005989}} carmina II, VI, VIII, XI, XII, XVI, XVIII, XXIII, {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Elias Fenton||en|qid=Q3050995}} I, IV, XIX, XX. {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Gulielmus Cowper||en|qid=Q315537}} versu [[Ioannes Miltonus|Miltonio]] (i.e. iambis quinque pedum sine rimis) factam versionem anno 1791 edidit. quae exacta putatur. Permultae tempore posteriore versiones factae sunt. ===Slavicae=== [[Russice]] primam versionem [[Cyriacus Kondratovič]] ex editione [[Ioannes Spondanus|Spondani]] oratione soluta annis sexagesimis saeculi XVIII fecit; adhuc inedita manet. [[Petrus Iekimov]] versionem alteram prosaicam anno 1788 edidit et tertiam [[Ioannes Martynov|Ioannis Martynov]] anno 1828. [[Basilius Žukovskij|Basilii Žukovskij]] versio hexametrica tum laudatur, tum reprehenditur, sed multum in Russia valet. Alteram hexametricam {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Paulus Šujskij||ru|qid=Q4527414}} anno 1948 et tertiam, a multis laudatam, [[Vincentius Veresaev]] anno (1953) confecerunt. Sunt et recentiores aliquot; [[Georgiius Golubets]] anno 2020 versionem edidit hexametricam, sed cum multis licentiis, et [[Gregorius Starikovskij]] anno 2026 versu libero cum quinque accentibus (sed aequo numero linearum) factam. [[Polonice]] primus [[Hyacinthus Przybylski]] [[tridecasyllabus|tridecasyllabo]] ''Odysseam'' vertit anno 1815. {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Lucianus Siemieński||pl|qid=Q1873662}} alteram tridecasyllabicam fecit (1873) et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Iosephus Wittlin||pl|qid=Q364741}} tertiam (1924), ter editam. [[Ioannes Parandowski]] oratione soluta (1953). Recentissima est versio {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Roberti Chodkowski||d|qid=Q112387017}} (2020). [[Bohemice|Bohemicam]] versionem primam oratione soluta {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Antonínus Liška||cs|qid=Q24208183}} edidit (1844–1848)<ref>[[:s:cs:Soubor:Homer,_Antonín_Liška_-_Homérowa_Odyssea_-_1848.djvu|''Vicifons'']].</ref>. Hexametricas fecerunt {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Henricus Iaroslaus Mejsnar||cs|qid=Q24732882}} (1873) et [[Antoninus Škoda]] (1883–1885). E recentioribus versionem {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Vladimírus Šrámek|Vladimíri Šrámek|cs|qid=Q20983747}} [[versus liber|versu libero]] factam (1940) notemus. {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Tomislaus Maretić||hr|qid=Q1256156}} versionem [[Croatice|Croatam]] anno 1880 edidit. [[Ucrainice]] [[saeculum 19|saeculo XIX]] exeunte fragmenta ''Odysseae'' {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Panteleimon Kuliš||uk|qid=Q2382842}}, [[Alexander Potebnja]] (partes rhapsodiarum III, VII et VIII), [[Ioannes Franko]] (rhapsodiam primam) et [[Lesja Ukrajinka]] (tertiam et pars quartae) hexametris verterunt. {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Petrus Niščyns'kyj||uk|qid=Q4321754}} versionem hexametricam plenam edidit (pseudonyno ''Petrus Bajda'', 1889–1892). Alteram [[Boris Thenes]] anno 1963 edidit. Primam versionem [[Slovacice|Slovacam]] hexametro compositam [[Miloslaus Okál]] edidit anno 1966. ===Hungaricae=== [[Hungarice]] [[Andreas Dugonicius]] ''Odysseae'' variationem prosaicam edidit anno 1780; versio laudata hexametrica a [[Stephanus Szabó|Stephano Szabó]] anno 1857 facta est; alteram hexametricam {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Iosephus Kemenes Kempf||hu|qid=Q1106633}} anno 1906 composuit.{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Eugenius Vértesy||hu|qid=Q1462703}} anno 1909 versionem oratione soluta et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Iulianus Gyomlay||hu|qid=Q1029673}} versionem fragmentorum 1920 ediderunt; hexametricam et [[Gabriel Devecseri]] anno 1947 fecit. Postremam {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Gedeon Mészöly||hu|qid=Q1213131}} anno 1959 edidit. ===Scandinavicae=== [[Danice]] [[Christianus Wilster]] primam plenam versionem fecit (1837), quae notissima (si non unica) manebat ad annum 2002, cum versio {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Otto Due|Ottonis Due|da|qid=Q12330613}} edita esset. Ambae hexametricae sunt. [[Suecice]] versionem hexametricam [[Erland Lagerlöf]] anno 1912 edidit. Versiones recentiores a {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Tord Bæckström||sv|qid=Q5563862}} (1975) et ab {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Inguarus Björkeson|Inguaro Björkeson|sv|qid=Q5577613}} (1995) factae sunt. Versionem [[Norvegice|Norvegicam]] in ''[[Nynorsk|linguam Norvegicam novam]]'' (''Nynorsk'') [[Arne Garborg]] anno 1918 edidit, in ''[[Bokmål|linguam librorum]]'' (''Bokmål'') [[Petrus Østbye]] fecit et anno 1920 edidit. Ambae hexametricae sunt. [[Islandice|Islandicam]] versionem [[Sveinbiörn Egilssonius|Sveinbiörnus Egilli filius]] oratione soluta fecit. ===In terris Balticis=== Anno 1895 [[Carolus Mīlenbahs]] versionem [[Lettonice|Lettonicam]] confecit. [[Otto Manninen]] versionem [[Finnice|Finnicam]] hexametricam anno 1919 edidit; versionem oratione soluta [[Pentti Saarikoski]] poeta Finnicus clarus anno 1972 et alteram doctam et exactam [[Paavo Castrén]] anno 2016. Versionem [[Lituanice|Lituanicam]] primam {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Hieronymus Ralys||lt|qid=Q628918}} anno 1921 edidit. Alteram versionem Lithuanicam [[Antonius Dambrauskas]] anno 1979 edidit. [[Estonice]] Anna Öpik duodecim carmina anno 1938 edidit; plenam versionem {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Augustus Annist||et|qid=Q455057}} anno 1963 edidit. ===Lusitanae=== Decasyllabo sine rimis poesi [[Lusitane|Lusitanae]] epicae proprio primam plenam versionem [[Udalricus Mendes]] fecit; multo post mortem eius edita est, anno 1928. Brevis textu Homerico est; nunc auctoritatem quandam habet. Hexametris usus est {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Carolus Albertus Nunes||pt|qid=Q9696830}} (1941), [[versus liber|versu libero]] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Fredericus Lourenço||pt|qid=Q28799892}} (2003), {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Donaldus Schüler||pt|qid=Q10268276}} et [[Christianus Werner]] (2014), [[dodecasyllabus|dodecasyllabo]] [[Traianus Vieira]] (2011). ===Catalanae=== Versiones [[Catalane|Catalanae]] vel oratione soluta, vel hexametro factae sunt. {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Carolus Riba||ca|qid=Q2595695}} duas versiones hexametricas fecit, primam anno 1919, secundam 1948, quae magnas laudes accepit. Hexametro et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ioannes Franciscud Mira||ca|qid=Q3064017}} usus est (2011). Oratione soluta {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ιoannes Alberich i Mariné||ca|qid=Q27554000}} ''Odysseam'' vertit anno 1998. ===Ceterae=== [[Neograece|Neograecae]] multae versiones factae sunt, quarum versionem {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Argyres Ephtaliotes|Argyrae Ephtaliotae|el|qid=Q12873967}} (1914-1923)<ref>[http://www.mikrosapoplous.gr/homer/odm0.htm Textus interretialis].</ref>, [[pentedecasyllabus|pentedecasyllabo]] compositam, sicut et carmina epica Neograeca popularia, et alteram vix non notissimam, a [[Nicolaus Cazantzaces|Nicolao Cazantzace]] et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ioannes Cacrides|Ioanne Cacride|el|qid=Q1671914}} versu decem et septem syllabis cum caesura post decimum anno 1965 editam. [[Dacoromanice|Dacoromanicam]] [[Georgius Coşbuc]] versionem [[octava (strophe)|octavis]] versu [[Decasyllabus|decasyllabo]] composuit (1918); [[Georgius Murnu]] alteram iambicam (1956); nova hexametrica a [[Dan Slușanschi|Daniele Slușanschi]] anno 2012 edita. Versionem [[Armenice|Armenicam]] hexametricam [[Amazasp Ambartsumian]] anno 1958 edidit. [[Hebraice]] {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Saul Černichovskij||he|qid=Q521410}} ''Odysseam'' [[decennium 193|annis vicesimis]] saeculi XX hexametris vertit. Ab {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ahuvia Kahane||en|qid=Q97304019}} [[versus liber|versu libero]] et versio anno 1996 edita est et ab {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Abraham Arouetty|Abrahamo Arouetty|he|qid=Q68793893}} oratione soluta cum notis anno 2012; ab {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Aaron Shabtai|Aarone Shabtai|he|qid=Q4694998}} versio hexametrica altera (2014) facta est. E versionum [[Iaponice|Iaponicarum]] a {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Shigeichi Kure||ja|qid=Q11416811}} facta versu Iaponico quinque et septem syllabarum composita est {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Chiaki Matsudaira||ja|qid=Q11530379}} (1994) versionem doctam [[oratio soluta|oratione soluta]] fecit. Sunt et duae recentiores oratione soluta factae; {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Tetsuo Nakatsukasa||ja|qid=Q11363065}} versu libero (oratione soluta cum lineis abruptis, ut Iaponi dicunt) fragmentorum versio facta est. Versionem [[Esperantice|Esperanticam]] plenam [[oratio soluta|oratione soluta]] factam {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Wilhelmus Ioannes Arnoldus Manders||eo|qid=Q12356769}} edidit anno [[1932]]. ==Notae== <references /> == Editiones et versiones aliquae == * 1510 : Gregorius Maxillus, ed., ''Homeri poetarum clarissimi Odyssea de erroribvs Ulyxis''. Argentoraci: ex officina Ioannis Schotti {{Ling|Latine}} ([https://www.e-rara.ch/zuz/content/titleinfo/17496595 textus] apud ''e-Rara'') * 1799 : Samuel Clarke, ed., ''Odyssea''. 2 voll. Edinburgi, etc., 1799 {{Ling|Graece|Latine}} ([http://www.archive.org/details/odysseagraeceet01home vol. 1]; [http://www.archive.org/details/odysseagraeceetl02home vol. 2]) * 1827 : Ricardus Porson, ed., ''Homeri Odyssea cum scholiis veteribus; accedunt Batrachomyomachia, Hymni, fragmenta''. 2 voll. Oxonii, 1827 {{Ling|Graece}} ([http://www.archive.org/details/odysseacumscholi01home vol. 1]; [http://www.archive.org/details/odysseacumscholi02home vol. 2]) * 1855 : [[Gulielmus Dindorfius]], ed., ''Homeri Odyssea''. Oxonii: e typographeo academico, 1855 {{Ling|Graece}} ([http://www.archive.org/details/odysseahome00home textus apud ''archive.org'']) * 1856 : Gulielmus Dindorfius, ed., ''Homeri Odyssea''. Lipsiae: Teubner, 1856. 4a ed. {{Ling|Graece}} ([http://www.archive.org/details/homeriodyssea00homeuoft textus apud ''archive.org'']) * 1890 : J. van Leeuwen, M. B. Mendes da Costa, edd., ''Homeri Odysseae carmina cum apparatu critico''. Lugduni Batavorum: Sijthoff, 1890 {{Ling|Graece}} ([http://www.archive.org/details/odysseaecarminac00homeuoft textus apud ''archive.org'']) === Bibliographia=== *Austin, N. [[1975]]. ''Archery at the Dark of the Moon: Poetic Problems in Homer’s Odyssey.'' Berkeleiae: University of California Press. *Bakker, E. J. [[2013]]. ''The Meaning of Meat and the Structure of the Odyssey.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. *Barnouw, J. [[2004]]. ''Odysseus, Hero of Practical Intelligence. Deliberation and Signs in Homer's Odyssey.'' Lanhamiae Terrae Mariae: University Press of America. *Clayton, B. [[2004]]. ''A Penelopean Poetics: Reweaving the Feminine in Homer's Odyssey.'' Lanhamiae Terrae Mariae: Lexington Books. *Clayton, B. [[2011]]. "Polyphemus and Odysseus in the Nursery: Mother’s Milk in the Cyclopeia." ''Arethusa'' 44 (3): 255–77. *Dougherty, C. [[2001]]. ''The Raft of Odysseus: The Ethnographic Imagination of Homer's Odyssey.'' Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press. *Fenik, B. [[1974]]. "Studies in the Odyssey." In ''Hermes: Einzelschriften'' 30. Wiesbaden: F. Steiner. *Griffin, J. [[1987]]. ''Homer: The Odyssey. Landmarks in World Literature.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. *Lattimore, Richmond, conv. [[1975]]. ''The Odyssey of Homer.'' Novi Eboraci: Harper & Row. *Louden, B. [[2011]]. ''Homer’s Odyssey and the Near East.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. * Alessandra Lukinovich, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/gaia_1287-3349_1998_num_3_1_1337 Le cercle des douze étapes du voyage d'Ulysse aux confins du monde]", ''GAIA. Revue interdisciplinaire sur la Grèce ancienne'', 1998ː 9-26 *Louden, B. [[1999]]. ''The Odyssey: Structure, Narration and Meaning.'' Baltimorae: Johns Hopkins University Press. *Minchin, E. [[2010]]. "The Expression of Sarcasm in the 'Odyssey'." ''Mnemosyne'' 63 (4): 533–56. *Müller, W. G. [[2015]]. "From Homer’s Odyssey to Joyce’s Ulysses: Theory and Practice of an Ethical Narratology." ''Arcadia'' 50 (1): 9–36. *Perpinyà, Núria. [[2008]]. ''Las criptas de la crítica: Veinte lecturas de la Odisea.'' Matriti: Gredos. [https://elcultural.com/Las-criptas-de-la-critica-20-interpretaciones-de-la-Odisea Summarium.] *Reece, Steve. [[1993]]. ''The Stranger's Welcome: Oral Theory and the Aesthetics of the Homeric Hospitality Scene.'' Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. *Reece, Steve. [[2011]]. [https://www.academia.edu/30640650/Toward_an_Ethnopoetically_Grounded_Edition_of_Homers_Odyssey "Toward an Ethnopoetically Grounded Edition of Homer’s Odyssey."] ''Oral Tradition'' 26: 299–326. *Reece, Steve. [[2011]]. [https://www.academia.edu/30640742/Penelopes_Early_Recognition_of_Odysseus_from_a_Neoanalytic_and_Oral_Perspective "Penelope's Early Recognition’ of Odysseus from a Neoanalytic and Oral Perspective."] ''College Literature'' 38 (2): 101–17. *Saïd, S. (1998) [[2011]]. ''Homer and the Odyssey.'' Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press. *Turkeltaub, D. [[2014]]. “Penelope's ‘Stout Hand’ and Odyssean Humour.” ''The Journal of Hellenic Studies'' 134: 103–19. *West, E. [[2014]]. “Circe, Calypso, Hiḍimbā.” ''Journal of Indo-European Studies'' 42 (1): 144–74. {{NexInt}} * [[Aeneis]] * [[Cyclus epicus]] * ''[[Gulliver's Travels]]'' == Nexus externus == {{Vicifons|el:Ὀδύσσεια|Ὀδύσσεια}} [[Categoria:Carmina epica]] [[Categoria:Itinera ficta]] [[Categoria:Libri de bello Troiano]] [[Categoria:Litterae Graecae antiquae]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latine versae]] [[Categoria:Odyssea|!]] [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 7 a.C.n.]] {{Myrias|Ars}} {{Appendicula de hac pagina| {{PagMens|07|2024}} }} 73ixdu9h1lk13bxvy041xd6zawhhn5p Formula:Salve 10 10375 3974721 3960139 2026-07-26T12:00:37Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Module:MultiReplace|#invoke:multiReplace]]|[[Module:MultiReplace#main|main]]}} → {{[[Module:Translitteratio|#invoke:translitteratio]]|[[Module:Translitteratio#multiplex|multiplex]]}} 3974721 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />Substitutio signata | 1 = Salve | 2 = == Salve{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | , {{{1}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{safesubst:<noinclude />NAMESPACENUMBER}}|3 | , {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:translitteratio|multiplex|{{safesubst:<noinclude />ROOTPAGENAME}} |ius(%W)|i%1|us(%W)|e%1}} }} }}! == {{safesubst:<noinclude />#switch: {{{2|{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />GENDER:{{{1}}}|m|f|a}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{safesubst:<noinclude />NAMESPACENUMBER}}|3 | {{safesubst:<noinclude />GENDER:{{safesubst:<noinclude />ROOTPAGENAME}}|m|f|a}} | a }} }}}}} | m | M = Gratus | f | F = Grata | #default = Gratus aut grata }} in Vicipaediam Latinam acciperis! Ob {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{safesubst:<noinclude />NAMESPACENUMBER}}|3 | [[Specialis:Conlationes/{{safesubst:<noinclude />ROOTPAGENAME}}|contributa tua]] | contributa tua }} gratias agimus speramusque te delectari posse et manere velle. Cum nostra Vicipaedia parva humilisque sit, paucae et exiguae sunt paginae auxilii, a quibus hortamur te ut incipias: * [[Vicipaedia:Praefatio|Ops nexusque usoribus novis]] ({{Nexus ad alias linguas de opibus nexibusque pro usoribus novis}}) * [[Vicipaedia:De orthographia|De orthographia]] ({{Nexus ad alias linguas de fontibus nominum Latinorum}}) * [[Usor:Iustinus/Translator's Guide|Enchiridion interpretis]] ([[Lingua Anglica|Anglice]] scriptum) * [[Vicipaedia:Taberna|Taberna]] * [[Lexica Neolatina]] * [[Vicipaedia:Lexica Latina interretialia|Lexica Latina interretialia]] * [[Vicipaedia:Fontes nominum Latinorum|Fontes nominum Latinorum]] ({{Nexus ad alias linguas de orthographia}}) * [[Vicipaedia:Fontes nominum locorum|Fontes nominum geographicorum]] * [[Vicipaedia:Index formularum|Index formularum]] Si plura de [[mos|moribus]] et institutis Vicipaedianis scire vis, tibi suademus, roges in nostra [[Vicipaedia:Taberna|Taberna]], vel roges unum ex [[Vicipaedia:Magistratus|magistratibus]] directe. In paginis encyclopaedicis mos noster non est nomen dare, sed in paginis disputationis memento editis tuis nomen [[Vicipaedia:Subscriptio|subscribere]], litteris impressis <code>--~~<nowiki />~~</code>, quibus insertis nomen tuum et dies apparebit. Quamquam vero in paginis ipsis nisi lingua Latina uti non licet, in paginis disputationum qualibet lingua scribi solet. Quodsi quid interrogare velis, vel [[Vicipaedia:Taberna|Taberna]] vel {{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{salutatrix|}}}{{{salutator|}}} | [[Disputatio Usoris:{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{salutatrix|}}}|{{{salutatrix}}}|{{{salutator}}}}}|pagina disputationis mea]] | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{safesubst:<noinclude />NAMESPACENUMBER}}|3 | {{safesubst:<noinclude />si in substitutione | [[Disputatio Usoris:{{safesubst:<noinclude />REVISIONUSER}}|pagina disputationis mea]] | pagina disputationis mea }} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{safesubst:<noinclude />NAMESPACE}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />TALKSPACE}} | haec pagina disputationis | [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|pagina disputationis]] }} }} }} tibi patebit. Ave! Spero te {{safesubst:<noinclude />#switch: {{{2|{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />GENDER:{{{1}}}|m|f|a}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{safesubst:<noinclude />NAMESPACENUMBER}}|3 | {{safesubst:<noinclude />GENDER:{{safesubst:<noinclude />ROOTPAGENAME}}|m|f|a}} | a }} }}}}} | m | M = “Vicipaedianum” | f | F = “Vicipaedianam” | #default = “Vicipaedianum” aut “Vicipaedianam” }} fieri velle! }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> o9eicd3ssp2a3nn6otrqrmo1y3tvkl1 Societas Ferriviaria Germanica 0 20433 3974809 3628963 2026-07-26T18:29:13Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974809 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Deutsche Bahn AG-Logo.svg|thumb|120px|[[Insigne]] societatis.]] [[Fasciculus:Bahnstrecken Deutschland Karte.svg|thumb|Ferriviae Germaniae.]] '''Societas Ferriviaria Germanica''' ([[Lingua Germanica|Germanice]]: ''[[:de:Deutsche Bahn|Deutsche Bahn]]'', in breve: ''DB'') in [[Germania]] maximam partem [[ferrivia]]rum Germanarum operatur. Condita est anno [[1994]]. Sedes [[Complexus mercatorius|complexus mercatorii]] ab [[1996]] [[Berolinum|Berolini]] est. == Praesides societatis == * 1994–1997: [[Henricus Dürr]] * 1997–1999: [[Iohannes Ludewig]] * 1999–2009: [[Hartmutus Mehdorn]] * ab 2009: [[Rudigerus Grube]] == Usus linguae latinae == Anno 2005, societas diurnariis edocendis nuntiationem Latine scriptam emissa est.<ref>[http://www.spiegel.de/reise/aktuell/valde-gaudemus-mehdorn-begruesst-den-papst-auf-latein-a-370283.html "Valde gaudemus": Mehdorn begrüßt den Papst auf Latein], [[Der Spiegel]], dies 18 Augusti 2005.</ref> Causa fuit salutatio papae [[Benedictus XVI|Benedicti XVI]] ad [[Conventus Mundialis Iuventutis|Conventum Mundialem Iuventutis]] [[Colonia Agrippina|Coloniae Agrippinae]]. == Complures stationes == * [[Statio principalis Berolinensis]] * [[Statio principalis Francofurtensis]] * [[Umbilicus Sueviae]], Stutgardia ==Notae== <div class="references-small"><references/></div> == Nexus externi == {{Communia|Deutsche Bahn|Societatem Ferriviariam Germanicam}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081111182946/http://www.db.de/site/bahn/de/start.html Pagina germanica] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070407035230/http://www.db.de/site/bahn/en/start.html Pagina anglica] [[Categoria:Constituta 1994]] [[Categoria:Ferrivia]] [[Categoria:Latinitas viva]] [[Categoria:Societates mercatoriae Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Societates vecturae]] exd0m554dlhoblwblcac1m2uzmgr78w Stephanus Viu 0 23632 3974856 3851739 2026-07-27T01:00:15Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974856 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Stephanus Viu''' (''Estéfano Viu A[rrizabalaga]''), praetenditur natum Sabadeli (hodie [[Lingua Hispanica|Hispanice]]: ''Sabadell'') die [[14 Maii]] [[1970]]; artificem esse et [[pictor]]em [[Catalonia|Catalanum]]; post annum [[1990]] cum [[Antonius Tapies|Antonio Tàpies y Puig]], pictore Catalano, collaboravisse;<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070928220535/http://www.affichecollector.com/fiche-artiste.php?artiste=116750558832&p=affiches&lang=L1&POSTER=b68db57830bd0e123c49dfed3da8f148 Vita Antonii Tàpies]; [[:fr:Antoni Tàpies|Antoni Tàpies]] apud Vicipaediam Francicam.</ref> nonnullosque criticos eum [[Neocubismus|Neocubistam]], [[Symbolismus|Symbolistam]],<ref>[http://itinerariosenelarte.blogspot.com/2009/01/simbolismo.html ''SimbolismoItinerarios en le arte'' apud itinerariosenelarte.blogspot.com]</ref> [[Surrealismus|Surrealistam]],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090315060610/http://artespana.nosdomains.com/nicaso/movimientos/surrealismo.htm ''Surrealismo'' apud artespana.nosdomains.com]</ref> [[Hyperrealismus|Hyperrealistam]],<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080803111845/http://www.taringa.net/posts/arte/1371485/Hiperrealismo.html ''Taringa! - Hiperrealismo'' apud www.taringa.net]</ref> artificem [[Op-Art]]<ref>[https://yourimessenjaschinbibliography.wordpress.com/tag/estefano-viu/ Textus originis incerti]</ref> credere. Die [[11 Februarii]] [[2007]] "''Estéfano Viu''" apud paginam domesticam pictoris alii longius scripsit.<ref>''Soy pintor, Estéfano Viu, siento placer con el arte. Es una página muy buena; magníficos los cuadros. Una obra muy interesante. Enhorabuena. Es difícil hablar de sentimientos cuando el arte lo es todo para nuestra vida; le da sentido, pero no la defiende contra la indiferencia social. Siempre nos quedará el paso del tiempo que justifica nuestros sentimientos. El pintor anónimo de Altamira, el que reflejó anhelos y deseos, gusto y sentimiento; pintó los bisontes en la caverna por el puro placer de hacerlo. No pensó en la crítica, el valor histórico ni renombre social... Creo que pensó en sí mismo, en el placer de pintar, en dejar constancia que su vida estaba llena de belleza o realidades que merecen ser recordados, recreados y pintados por el mero hecho de ser sentidos, revividos o soñados... El pintor no necesita aplauso, fama, gloria... el hombre, si. El pintor no pide competencia, modas, derechos... el hombre, si. Los pintores que tenemos mucho que decir; pase lo que pase, digan lo que digan; lo diremos a través de nuestra pintura. La censura, las modas, la indiferencia solo está sujeta por el reloj de arena, el tiempo en arena convierte la piedra mas dura; pues la verdad no es de nadie, sino de la realidad. Tu dices mucho.'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20091211100506/http://estefano.es/LibroVisitas.php]</ref> Vitas admodum completas, anno [[2006]] exeunte seu [[2007]] ineunte scriptas, in paginis interretialibus exstant.<ref>''Estéfano Viu A.(Sabadell, Barcelona. 1970) Pintor y escultor, . Inició su actividad en el campo de la publicidad, y en los años 90 se vinculó al “onirismo art “en la línea del social criticism; realiza composiciones basadas en imágenes difundidas por los medios de comunicación y consumidas por la sociedad, como rostros de artistas y personajes famosos, productos (Coca-cola, internet…), evocaciones de la violencia, etc. También utilizó el de la repetición de imágenes en un mismo cuadro con diferentes versiones, en una reflexión sobre las formas de vida deshumanizadas y las contradicciones de la sociedad y el hombre actual. A partir de 1997 se dedica, junto a los colaboradores de su estudio, llamado Cuadrowed, a dirigir y producir filmes, tanto experimentales como distribuidos en circuitos normales y personales e). En 2001 abandonó su trabajó como experimentador social artistico y se propulsó como Showmenart de las Web -(Biblioteca Sant Boi del LLobregat (Barcelona) Art News (G, Pag))…En sus inicios se dedicó a la ilustración de revistas en estilo expresionista y a la realización de happenings. Hacia 1984 empezó a realizar obras con materiales plásticos, que reproducen objetos de uso cotidiano, pero con dimensiones, colores y formas grotescas, en una crítica irónica de la sociedad de consumo en la que se aprecia la influencia del surrealismo. (Comentario de Revista Pim-pom.Barcelona 1987.Pag. 23. Arte.)…Su obra de 1985-1986 ( Comenzó su vida profesional a los 15 años, cuando traslada su arte para llevar a cabo el aprendizaje de sus estudios artísticos en Castelldefels, Bacelona (1985),donde asistió a la fundación del grupo Grito, que se disolvería en 1986 Su producción de estos años, influida por sus inesperta percepción, le sumerge en un estilo por y para la denuncia artística y social de su década. Esta época se compone de álbumes de esbozos, xilografías, estampas de colores y pinturas con escenas rústicas de marcada influencia del impresionismo, A finales de 1986 maduró las experiencias (pintura) anteriores según las modas sociales. En los cuadros de este período, los objetos pintados tienden a perder su identidad para pasar a ser lengua de arte social.'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20090427092823/http://www.estherfuldauer.com/2005/11/06/pajaro-sobre-un-arbol/]</ref><ref>''ESTÉFANO VIU 1970-? Viu Arrizabalaga, Estéfano (Sabadell, 1970-?) Pintor español. En 1981 influido por los clásicos: El Bosco, Leonardo da Vinci, Miguel Ángel, Rafael, Vermeer, y los revolucionistas Salvador Dali, Emile Bernard, Manet, Francisco Goya; intenta enunciar los principios de una pintura basada en formas con un rico lenguaje significativo, sensitivo, alegórico, narrativo de ideas simplificadas y poéticamente colorista. En Sant Boi (Barcelona), formó la escuela de “Lo Crit“, (El Grito) con gran número de seguidores (Gonzalez, Ramírez, etc.), y, en su primera estancia en Tenerife (1996-2000) pintó: La tierra de las gardenias, Mujeres en las rocas, Holocausto, Relojes sin tiempo, Box pópulos. En 2001, algo decepcionado por las críticas, regresó a Barcelona, donde realizó, Los senos de Afrodita, La Paciencia y los amorcillos, Jugando con la muerte y Lade y el cisne, cuadro en el que expresó una intensa sensualidad. En los años 90 se vinculó al “onirismo art “en la línea del social criticism; realiza composiciones basadas en imágenes difundidas por los medios de comunicación y consumidas por la sociedad, como rostros de artistas y personajes famosos, productos (Coca-cola, internet…), evocaciones de la violencia, etc. También utilizó el de la repetición de imágenes en un mismo cuadro con diferentes versiones, en una reflexión sobre las formas de vida deshumanizadas y las contradicciones de la sociedad y el hombre actual. Hacia 1984 empezó a realizar obras con materiales plásticos, que reproducen objetos de uso cotidiano, pero con dimensiones, colores y formas grotescas, en una crítica irónica de la sociedad de consumo en la que se aprecia la influencia del surrealismo. A finales de 1986 maduró las experiencias (pintura) anteriores según las modas sociales. En los cuadros de este período, los objetos pintados tienden a perder su identidad para pasar a ser lengua de arte social.'' [http://archive.is/20120709172656/elchaos.wordpress.com/2006/07/16/rembrandt-de-cumpleanos/]</ref> Paginae de Stephano Viu ab omnibus aliis Vicipaediis deletae sunt ob propagandam multivicianam. {{NexInt}} * [[Vicipaedia:Propaganda]] == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references/></div> == Nexus externi == * ''[http://estefanoviu.blogspot.fr/ The Painter]'' (ephemeris interretialis Stephani Viu anno 2014 incepta) * "[https://plus.google.com/112495042313048071533/posts Estéfano Víu]" apud Google+ {{Nexus absunt}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Viu, Stephanus}} [[Categoria:Incolae Cataloniae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Hispaniae]] [[Categoria:Nati 1970]] [[Categoria:Homines vivi]] muqwpk37txlh6eksnropl5951t20mkv Socialismus 0 25907 3974807 3915155 2026-07-26T18:16:37Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974807 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Civilitas}} '''Socialismus'''<ref name="Axters1937">Axters, S. (1937). ''Scholastiek lexicon Latijn-Nederlandsch.'' Antwerpen: Geloofsverdediging.</ref><ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/a589564000lambuoft/a589564000lambuoft_djvu.txt Full text of "The Lambeth conferences of 1867, 1878, and 1888 : with the official reports and resolutions, together with the sermons preached at the conferences"] {{ling|Anglice|Latine|Graece}} Ibi etiam "de socialismo"</ref> est [[theoria oeconomica]] et [[theoria civilis|civilis]]<!--political theory--> quae suadet [[dominium publicum]]<!--public ownership--> vel [[dominium commune|commune]] et conlectivam{{dubsig}} [[medium productionis|viarum productionis]] adlocationisque bonorum<!--resources--> administrationem.<ref name="SocialismAVeryShortIntroduction">''Michael Newman, ''Socialism: A Very Short Introduction,'' (Oxoniae: Oxford University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-19-280431-6).</ref><ref>"Socialism," ''Oxford English Dictionary'': "'''1.''' A theory or policy of social organisation which aims at or advocates the ownership and control of the means of production, capital, land, property, etc., by the community as a whole, and their administration or distribution in the interests of all people. '''2.''' A state of society in which things are held or used in common."</ref><ref>"Socialism," ''Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary.''</ref> In oeconomico systemate socialistico, productio a [[consociatio libera|libera operariorum consociatione]] efficitur ut [[valor usualis|aestimatio usus]]<!--use-value--> ad maximum directe fiat<!--directly maximize--> (contra indirectam productionem ab [[valor permutationis|aestimatione permutationis]]<!--exchange-value--> ad maximum facta), per [[consilium oeconomicum]]<!--economic planning--> arbitriorum de conlocationibus [[pecunia]]e, distributione [[plusvalor|aestimationis additae]], et [[modus productionis|modo productionis]].<ref>[[Carolus Marx]], ''[[Das Kapital, Volumen I]]''</ref> Socialismus igitur est copia ordinum socialium oeconomicorum in post-monetario calculationis systemate condita, sicut [[salarium minimum|moneta in tempore conditum]], [[tempus laboris]], [[ratio energiae|unitates energiae]], vel [[calculatio in genere]].<!--at least for the [[factors of production]].--><ref>"Although money, and so monetary calculation, will disappear in socialism this does not mean that there will no longer be any need to make choices, evaluations and calculations...Wealth will be produced and distributed in its natural form of useful things, of objects that can serve to satisfy some human need or other. Not being produced for sale on a market, items of wealth will not acquire an exchange-value in addition to their use-value. In socialism their value, in the normal non-economic sense of the word, will not be their selling price nor the time needed to produce them but their usefulness. It is for this that they will be appreciated, evaluated, wanted. . . and produced" ([https://web.archive.org/web/20110607071929/http://www.worldsocialism.org/spgb/overview/calculation.pdf ''Socialism and Calculation'']).</ref> [[Ioannes Jaurès]] socialista [[Francia|Gallicus]] de socialismo et [[lingua Latina]] in sermone Latine habito dixit: "Nec mihi displicet ad res hodiernas Latinum usurpasse sermonem, quando in hoc sermone et [[iura humana|ius humanum]] antiquae [[ethica|philosophiae moralis]], expressum sit, et [[religio Christiana|Christiana]] fraternitas suspiraverit ac cecinerit, et ille Latinus sermo hodie adhuc solus sit omnium populorum universus et communis sermo et sic universali socialismo conveniat. Ita Latinus sermo isti integrali socialismo, quem [[Benedictus Malon]]<!--Benoît--> descripsit, conformis est, in eo socialismum non quasi exiguam factionem sed quasi ipsam [[humanitas|humanitatem]], videmus; et sub specie humanitatis et aeternitatis socialismus adspicitur." <ref>Vide [http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost19/Jaures/jau_soc4.html De primis socialismi Germanici lineamentis apud Lutherum, Kant, Fichte, Hegel. IV Hegel, Marx et Lassalle] ex [[Bibliotheca Augustana]]</ref> == Theoria sociale et civile == {{Vide etiam|Genera socialismi}} Philosophi Marxisti et non-Marxisti consentiunt socialismum se evolvisse contra hodiernum [[capitalismus|capitalismum]] [[industria]]lem, sed discrepat inter eos de natura socialismi capitalismique coniunctionis. Hoc in contextu,{{dubsig}} verbum ''socialismi'' adhibitum est ut significaret [[motus civilis|motum civilem]],<!--political movement]]--> [[philosophia politica|philosophiam civilem]],<!--political philosophy--> et opinabilem [[societas humana|societatis]] formam quam hi motus conficere intendunt. Evenit ut in contextu{{dubsig}} civili, socialismus spectet ad consilia vel proposita a socialisticis [[organizatio]]nibus et factionibus politicis ad societatem socialisticam conficiendam promota. Exampla sunt motus socialistici a [[pugna classis|luctationis classium]] vel concitatione revolutionaria designati, vel motus socialistici cum [[collegium opificum|conlegiis opificum]] conecti, et cum variis "activismi" socialis formis—quorum exemplorum omnia nullam coniunctionem cum socialismo sicut systema socio-oeconomicum vel [[modus productionis]] monstrant. === Marxismus === [[Fasciculus:Karl Marx.jpg|thumb|[[Carolus Marx]], [[1875]]]] <!-- ===Utopianismus contra scientiam=== ===Reformatio contra revolutionem=== ===Socialismus desuper vel de infra{{dubsig}}=== ===Administratio technocratica contra administrationem democraticam=== ===Adlocatio bonorum=== ===Aequalitas facultatis contra aequalitatem exitus=== ==Historia== . . . . --> {{NexInt}} {{div col|3}} *[[Agriculturalismus]] * [[Anticapitalismus]] * [[Collegium opificum]] * [[Colonialismus]] * [[Communismus]] * [[Democratia socialis]] * [[Internationale socialista]] * [[Ius laborandi]] * [[Laborismus]] * [[Motus antiglobalisticus]] * [[Nationalismus]] * [[Oeconomia politica]] * [[Socialismus Christianus]] * [[Socialismus scientificus]] * [[Socialismus libertarianus]] * [[Socialismus Saeculi 21]] * [[Theoria valoris]] {{div col end}} == Nota == <div class="references-small"><references/></div> == Bibliographia == [[Fasciculus:Rosa Luxemburg.jpg|thumb|[[Rosa Luxemburg]], excellens communista et dux [[Rebellio Spartacista|Rebellionis Spartacistae]] in [[Germania]], [[1919]].]] * Ankerl, Guy, [[1978]]. ''Beyond Monopoly Capitalism and Monopoly Socialism.'' Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Schenkman. * Beckett, Francis. [[2007]]. ''Clem Attlee.'' Politico's. ISBN 978-1-84275-192-3. * Cole, G. D. H. ([[1965]]) [[2003]]. ''History of Socialist Thought, in 7 volumes.'' Londinii: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 1-4039-0264-X. * [[Fridericus Engels|Engels, Friedrich]]. [[1989]]. ''Socialism: Utopian and Scientific.'' Pathfinder. ISBN 978-0-87348-579-1. * [[Fridericus Engels|Engels, Friedrich]]. [[1884]]. ''[[Der Ursprung der Familie, des Privateigentums und des Staats| des The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State]].'' Turici. * Fried, Albert, et Ronald Sanders, eds. [[1964]]. ''Socialist Thought: A Documentary History.'' Garden City, NY: Doubleday Anchor. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090610004851/http://www.selvesandothers.org/view804.html Gasper, Phil.] [[2005]]. ''The Communist Manifesto: A Road Map to History's Most Important Political Document'', [https://web.archive.org/web/20081205042546/http://www.haymarketbooks.org/Merchant2/merchant.mv?Screen=PROD&Store_Code=Haymarket&Product_Code=MSACM Haymarket Books.]s. ISBN 1-931859-25-6. * [[Elias Halévy|Halévy, Élie]]. [[1948]]. ''Histoire du Socialisme Européen.'' Lutetiae: Gallimard. * [[Michael Harrington, Harrington, Michael]]. [[1972]]. ''Socialism.'' Novi Eboraci: Bantam. * [[Iesus Huerta de Soto|Huerta de Soto, Jesús]]. [[1992]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070614065637/http://www.jesushuertadesoto.com/pdf_socialismo/indice.pdf ''Socialismo, cálculo económico y función empresarial.''] Unión Editorial. ISBN 84-7209-420-0. * Makoto, Itoh. [[1995]] ''Political Economy of Socialism.'' Londinii: Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-55337-3. * {{cite book |last=Kitching |first=Gavin |authorlink=Gavin Kitching |coauthors= |title=Rethinking Socialism |publisher=Meuthen |year=1983 |url=http://www.gavinkitching.com/marx_0.htm |isbn=0416358403 }} * [[Oscar Lange|Lange, Oskar]]. [[1938]]. ''On the Economic Theory of Socialism.'' Minneapoli: University of Minnesota Press. * Lebowitz, Michael. [[2006]]. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20081220090226/http://www.monthlyreview.org/builditnow.htm Build It Now: Socialism for the 21st Century]'', [http://www.monthlyreview.org Monthly Review Press]. ISBN 1-58367-145-5. * [[Carolus Marx|Marx, Karl]], et Friedrich Engels. [[2002]]. ''[[Manifestum Communismi|The Communist Manifesto]].'' Penguin Classics. ISBN 978-0-14-044757-6. * [[Carolus Marx|Marx, Karl]], et Friederich Engels. [[1968]]. ''Selected works in one volume.'' Lawrence and Wishart. ISBN 978-0-85315-181-4. * [[Ludwig von Mises|von Mises, Ludwig]]. [[1922]]. ''[[Socialism: An Economic and Sociological Analysis]]'' {{cite web|url=http://www.mises.org/books/socialism/contents.aspx |title=Socialism by Ludwig von Mises |publisher=Mises.org}}. Liberty Fund. ISBN 0-913966-63-0. * [[Iosua Muravchik|Muravchik, Joshua]]. [[2002]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141019012658/http://www.pbs.org/heavenonearth/resources.html ''Heaven on Earth: The Rise and Fall of Socialism.''] San Francisco: Encounter Books. ISBN 1-893554-45-7. * Newman, Michael. [[2005]]. ''Socialism: A Very Short Introduction.'' Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-280431-6. * [[Bertell Ollman|Ollman, Bertell]], ed. [[1998]]. ''Market Socialism: The Debate among Socialists.'' Routledge. ISBN 0-415-91967-3 * [[Leo Panitch|Panitch, Leo]]. ''Renewing Socialism: Democracy, Strategy, and Imagination''. ISBN 0-8133-9821-5. * Perreau-Saussine, Emile. [[2007]]. [http://www.polis.cam.ac.uk/contacts/staff/eperreausaussine/what_is_left_of_socialism.pdf "What remains of socialism?"] In ''Values in Public life: aspects of common goods,'' ed. Patrick Riordan, 11–34. Berlin, LIT Verlag. * [[Ricardus Pipes|Pipes, Richard]]. [[2000]]. ''Property and Freedom.'' Vintage. ISBN 0-375-70447-7. * Rosser, John Barkley, et Marina V. Rosser. [[2004]]. ''Comparative Economics in a Transforming World Economy.'' Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-18234-8. * [[Maximilianus Rubel|Rubel, Maximilien]], et John Crump. ''Non-Market Socialism in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries.'' ISBN 0-312-00524-5. * [[David Selbourne|Selbourne, David]]. [[1985]]. ''Against Socialist Illusion.'' Londini. ISBN 0-333-37095-3. * [[Catherina Verdery|Verdery, Katherine]]. [[1996]]. ''What Was Socialism, What Comes Next.'' Princetoniae: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-01132-X * [[Iacobus Weinstein|Weinstein, James]]. [[2003]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20040803131902/http://www.westviewpress.com/about.html ''Long Detour: The History and Future of the American Left.''] Westview Press]. ISBN 0-8133-4104-3. * Wilberg, Peter. [[2003]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20060908064515/http://www.newgnosis.co.uk/deep.html ''Deep Socialism: A New Manifesto of Marxist Ethics and Economics.''] ISBN 1-904519-02-4. * [[Edmundus Wilson|Wilson, Edmundus]]. [[1940]]. ''To the Finland Station: A Study in the Writing and Acting of History.'' Garden City, Novi Eboraci: Doubleday. == Nexus externus == * [[Ioannes Jaurès|Jaurès Ioannes]]. [http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost19/Jaures/jau_soc4.html De primis socialismi Germanici lineamentis apud Lutherum, Kant, Fichte, Hegel. IV Hegel, Marx et Lassalle] Latine. * [[Albertus Einstein|Einstein, Albertus]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20060111081948/http://www.monthlyreview.org/598einst.htm ''Why Socialism? Albert Einstein - Monthly Review''] www.monthlyreview.org. {{ling|Anglice}} [[Categoria:Socialismus|!]] {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Societas}} ooso5hkah3snwx6e4l4jeqyy9hvjh45 Airbus 0 25963 3974853 3795907 2026-07-26T22:28:55Z Bartholomite 116968 capsa 3974853 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa societatis | nomen = Airbus | imago = Airbus Logo 2017.svg | de_imagine = [[Logotypus]] | fundatus = 1970/2001 | praetorium = [[Hamburgum]] in, [[Germania]] | dux = [[Fabricius Brégier]] | opus = [[Aëroplanum|Aëroplana]] | parens = [[EADS]] | linguae = }} [[Fasciculus:Airbus-SWISS.jpg|thumb|Laophoria aerea [[Turicum (urbs)|Turici]].]] [[Fasciculus:Airbus public demonstration in Toulouse 0247 2007-03-06.jpg|thumb|Demonstratio operariorum Tolosae locos operandi delendos non esse petentium.]] [[Fasciculus:13-08-07-hongkong-airport-04.jpg|thumb|A 330-200 [[Air Seychelles]] 2013.]] '''Airbus''' est genus [[aëroplanum|aeroplanorum]] quae a [[societas mercatoria|societate]] ''Airbus S.A.S.'' in [[Europa]] fabricantur. Haec societas, quae ad complexum fabricatorium [[EADS]] pertinet, ex [[Hamburgum|Hamburgo]], [[urbs|urbe]] [[Germania|Germanica]], dirigitur. Societas est aemulatrix [[Boeing]], cuius sedes est [[Seattlum|Seattli]] sita. Societas fabricatoria nunc est in "discrimine delapso," quod confectio laophori aereii [[A380]] nominati dilata est a mense Iunio anni [[2006]] ad usque mensem Octobrem anni [[2007]]. Id factum est quod nonnulla damna in aeroplano inveniebantur. Inter praefectos [[Germania|Germanicos]] et [[Francia|Francigallicos]] disputatur quomodo sit discrimen expediundum. Discriminis causa [[Februarius|mense Februario]] anno [[2007]] decernitur in toto decem milia operandi locorum delenda iturum esse, ex quibus et in [[Francia]] et Germania circa quaterna milia. Duo milia locorum in [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britanniarum Regno]] et in [[Hispania]] delebuntur. ==Ubi laophoria fabricantur== Homines laophoria aerea fabricantur in<ref>Secundum [[Diurnarium Generale Francofordense]] die [[21 Februarii]] [[2007]]</ref>: * [[Britannia Magna]] (omnes 9290 operariorum) ** ''Broughton,'' ibi sunt 5000 operariorum ** ''Fulton,'' 4850 operarii * [[Francia]] (omnes 15 950 operariorum) ** ''Méaulte,'' 1300 ** [[Sanctus Nazarius in Sinnuario|Sanctus Nazarius]], 2400 ** [[Namnetus|Namneto]], 2000 ** [[Tolosa]]e, 12 000 plus 3920 in gubernatione societatis * [[Germania]] (omnes 18 800 operariorum) ** [[Brema]]e, 3500 ** ''Buxtehude,'' 380 ** [[Hamburgum|Hamburgi]], 12 050 ** ''Laupheim,'' 1200 ** ''Nordenham,'' 2250 ** ''Varel,'' 1300 ** [[Stadae|Stadarum]], 1620 * [[Hispania]] (omnes 2850 operariorum) ** [[Gades|Gadibus]], 510 ** ''Getafe,'' 2000 ** ''Illescas,'' 500 Summa omnium est 51 000. {| border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="2" |- style="background-color:#64C8FF; color:#FFFFFF;" ! Locus fabricatorius vel fabricae ! [[Terra (regio)|terra]] ! style="vertical-align:center; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"|Cooperatores<br /><small>31. Dec. 2002</small> ! style="vertical-align:center; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"|Cooperatores<br /><small>31. Dec. 2003</small> ! style="vertical-align:center; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"|Cooperatores<br /><small>31. Dec. 2004</small> ! style="vertical-align:center; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"|Cooperatores<br /><small>31. Dec. 2005</small> |- | ''[[Broughton (Wales)|Broughton]]'' | align="center"|[[Magna Britannia]] | align="right" |3844 | align="right" |4309 | align="right" |5165 | align="right" |5129 |- | ''[[Filton]]'' | align="center"|[[Magna Britannia]] | align="right" |4269 | align="right" |4379 | align="right" |4503 | align="right" |4562 |- style="background-color:#64C8FF; color:#000000;" ! colspan="2" | Summa Magnae Britanniae ! align="right" | 8113 ! align="right" | 8688 ! align="right" | 9668 ! align="right" | 9691 |- | [[Tolosa]] | align="center"|[[Francia]] | align="right" |9773 | align="right" |10 311 | align="right" |10 686 | align="right" |11 459 |- | [[Blaniacus]] Administratio centralis | align="center"|[[Francia]] | align="right" |3322 | align="right" |3822 | align="right" |3994 | align="right" |4446 |- | [[Sanctus Nazarius in Sinnuario|Sanctus Nazarius]] | align="center"|[[Francia]] | align="right" |2245 | align="right" |2227 | align="right" |2271 | align="right" |2321 |- | [[Namnetus]] | align="center"|[[Francia]] | align="right" |1863 | align="right" |1869 | align="right" |1903 | align="right" |1952 |- | ''[[Méaulte]]'' | align="center"|[[Francia]] | align="right" |1098 | align="right" |1129 | align="right" |1175 | align="right" |1230 |- style="background-color:#64C8FF; color:#000000;" ! colspan="2" | Summa Franciae ! align="right" | 18 301 ! align="right" | 19 358 ! align="right" | 20 029 ! align="right" | 21 408 |- | ''[[Flugplatz Hamburg-Finkenwerder|Hamburg-Finkenwerder]]'' | align="center"|[[Germania]] | align="right" |9683 | align="right" |9459 | align="right" |9746 | align="right" |10&thinsp;616 |- | [[Brema]] | align="center"|[[Germania]] | align="right" |2966 | align="right" |3051 | align="right" |3072 | align="right" |3115 |- | ''[[Nordenham]]'' | align="center"|[[Germania]] | align="right" |2096 | align="right" |2106 | align="right" |2122 | align="right" |2112 |- | [[Stadae]] | align="center"|[[Germania]] | align="right" |1277 | align="right" |1416 | align="right" |1450 | align="right" |1512 |- | ''[[Varel]]'' | align="center"|[[Germania]] | align="right" |1168 | align="right" |1172 | align="right" |1166 | align="right" |1168 |- | ''[[Laupheim]]'' | align="center"|[[Germania]] | align="right" |738 | align="right" |909 | align="right" |1015 | align="right" |1093 |- | ''[[Buxtehude]]'' | align="center"|[[Germania]] | align="right" |283 | align="right" |310 | align="right" |335 | align="right" |352 |- style="background-color:#64C8FF; color:#000000;" ! colspan="2" | Summa Germaniae ! align="right" | 18&thinsp;211 ! align="right" | 18&thinsp;423 ! align="right" | 18&thinsp;906 ! align="right" | 19&thinsp;968 |- | ''[[Getafe]]'' | align="center"|[[Hispania]] | align="right" |1921 | align="right" |1811 | align="right" |1956 | align="right" |2056 |- | [[Gades]] ''[[Puerto Real]]'' | align="center"|[[Hispania]] | align="right" |455 | align="right" |483 | align="right" |497 | align="right" |513 |- | ''[[Illescas]]'' | align="center"|[[Hispania]] | <!-- see Getafe --> | align="right" |432 | align="right" |471 | align="right" |494 |- | [[Hispalis]] | align="center"|[[Hispania]] | align="right" |nulla nuntia | align="right" |nulla nuntia | align="right" |nulla nuntia | align="right" |nulla nuntia |- style="background-color:#64C8FF; color:#000000;" ! colspan="2" | Summa Hispaniae ! align="right" | - ! align="right" | - ! align="right" | - ! align="right" | 3063 |- | [[Vasingtonia, C.C.]] | align="center"|[[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitates Foederatae]] | align="right" |nulla nuntia | align="right" |165+ | align="right" |nulla nuntia | align="right" |nulla nuntia |- | ''[[Wichita (Kansas)]]'' | align="center"|[[Civitates Foederatae]] | align="right" |100 | align="right" |140 | align="right" |nulla nuntia | align="right" |97 |- | ''[[Miami Springs]]'' | align="center"|[[Civitates Foederatae]] | align="right" |nulla nuntia | align="right" |100 | align="right" |nulla nuntia | align="right" |nulla nuntia |- style="background-color:#64C8FF; color:#000000;" ! colspan="2" | Summa Civitatum Foederatarum ! align="right" | - ! align="right" | - ! align="right" | - ! align="right" | 398 |- | [[Moscovia]] | align="center"|[[Russia]] | align="right" |nulla nuntia | align="right" |nulla nuntia | align="right" |nulla nuntia | align="right" |nulla nuntia |- style="background-color:#64C8FF; color:#000000;" ! colspan="2" | Summa Russiae ! align="right" | - ! align="right" | - ! align="right" | - ! align="right" | 140 |- | [[Pecinum]] | align="center"|[[Res publica popularis Sinarum]] | align="right" |nulla nuntia | align="right" |100+ | align="right" |nulla nuntia | align="right" |nulla nuntia |- | ''[[Tianjin]]'' (ex consilio) | align="center"|[[Res publica popularis Sinarum]] | align="right" |nondum est | align="right" |nondum est | align="right" |nondum est | align="right" |nondum est |- style="background-color:#64C8FF; color:#000000;" ! colspan="2" | Summa [[Sina]]e ! align="right" | - ! align="right" | - ! align="right" | - ! align="right" | 136 |- style="background-color:#006699; color:#FFFFFF;" ! colspan="2" | Summa ! align="right" | 46.415 ! align="right" | 49.700 ! align="right" | 51.959 ! align="right" | 54.804 |} ==Pinacotheca== <gallery> Fasciculus:1er vol de l' A380.jpg|Laophorium aerium [[A380]], venditum iturum [[October|mense Octobri]] anni [[2007]]. </gallery> {{NexInt}} *[[Laophorium]] ==Notae== <references/> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Airbus}} * [http://www.airbus.com Situs interretialis societatis Airbus proprius.] [[Categoria:Aerinavigatio]] {{Myrias|Technologia}} rgoz6i6q2a5i34yt1fmroctun7ra1q0 Asturiae 0 27797 3974935 3851826 2026-07-27T10:38:58Z Ygeiaa 187984 Mutavimus, ut opportet, nomen civitatis Gegionis apud Asturias, cui ante nos erat in Vicipaedia nomen falsum Gigia, hodie in Provincia Legione. 3974935 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L-1}} {{Capsa civitatis Vicidata}} '''[[Asturiae]]''' ([[Asturice]] ''Asturies''; [[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]] ''Asturias'') sunt [[provincia]] ac [[communitas autonoma]] [[Hispania|Hispana]], cuius [[caput (urbs)|caput]] est [[Ovetum]]. Incolarum 1&nbsp;061&nbsp;756, ambitum 10&nbsp;602 [[chiliometrum quadratum|chiliometrorum quadratorum]] habet. [[Regio]] ob [[pomacium]] nota est. ==Etymologia== [[Fasciculus:Esla55.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|Flumen [[Astura]], in praesenti [[Aisela]], cuius ex antiquo nomine derivatum est [[toponymum]] "Asturiae".]] [[Vocabulum]] ''Asturiae'' [[nomen proprium|nomen]] accipit ex antiquis incolis, [[Astures|Asturibus]], primis [[flumen|fluminis]] [[Astura]]e riparum incolis usque ad [[Roma antiqua|Romanam]] dicionem. Nomen ''Astures'' non solum [[Media planities Hispanica|Mediam Planitiem]] habitantes sive Cismontanos sed etiam septemtriones sive transmontanos comprehendebat. Nomen ''[[Astura]]'', quae ante [[Roma antiqua|Romanorum]] invasionem ''Estura'' sive ''Estula'' fuerat, e [[Linguae Celticae|Celtica]] radice ''stour'' '[[flumen]]' ortum est. Quod [[toponymum]] in [[Britannia Minor]]e apparet, ubi [[Plinius maior|Plinius]] de flumine Sture loquitur; hodie sunt tria flumina "Stur" ([[Anglice]] ''Stour'') in [[Cantium|Cantio]], [[Suffolcia]], [[Dorcestria]]. In [[Albis]] exitu est aliud flumen [[Sturia]] ([[Theodisce]] ''Stör''). Etiam in [[Pedemontium|Pedemontio]] sita erat [[Celtae|Celtica]] tribus [[Esturi|Esturorum]] et flumen [[Sturia Demontis|Sturia]] ([[Italice]] ''Stura''). Eadem radix adhuc hodie [[Linguae Goedelicae|Goedelice]] et [[Lingua Britonica|Britonice]] in vocabulis ''ster'' et ''stour'' 'flumen' significantibus perdurat. == Historia == === A primis incolis usque ad regnum Asturum natum === [[Fasciculus:Bellum-Asturicum-Cantabricum.png|thumb|left|[[Roma antiqua|Romanae]] operationes militares per [[Bellum Asturicum Cantabricum]] gestae.]] [[Fasciculus:Conventus Asturum.jpg|thumb|left|[[Conventus Asturum]].]] [[Fasciculus:Congas de Onis.JPG|thumb|left|[[Pons]] [[Roma antiqua|Romanus]] [[Canicae Onnenses|Canicarum Onnensium]]<ref>[http://www.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/hofmann/hof4/s0903c.html Lexicon Universale Hofmann]</ref><ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?palabra=On%EDs&buscar=Buscar Toponymia Asturiana]</ref> ([[Hispanice]]; ''Cangas de Onís,'' [[Euvenavice]]; ''Cangas d'Onís'' et [[Asturice]]; ''Cangues'').]] Primi incolae e genere [[Homo neanderthalensis|Neanderthalensium]] fuerunt. Eorum reliquia invenire possumus in antra quorum nobilissimum est [[El Sidrón]]. Primi [[Homo sapiens|homines sapientes sapientes]] speluncas ad oras habitabant, marisque [[Cochlea (animal)|cochleis]] vivebant. Ad [[concha]]s e saxis evellendas silicibus habile caelatis utebantur, quod modum petrarum caelandarum ars Asturiensis nominatur. Ex his hominibus multae et pulchrae [[animal]]ium [[pictura]]e in cavernis inventae sunt, quorum notissima est [[spelunca Celestini Bustillo]], ad [[Ripa Saliae|Ripam Saliae]] sita. Cum [[Neolithicum]] in Asturias veniret, incolae regionis interiores Asturias habitare coeperunt. Etiam nunc tumulos mortuorum miserabiliter spoliatos passim mirari possumus. Hae gentes, quae ab anno 3000 ad annum 2000 a.C.n. fere in vita erant, nobis parum cognitae sunt nisi a compagibus [[saxum|saxorum]] [[dolmen|dolmina]] appellatis, quod genus [[sepultura|sepeliendi]] tota [[Europa]] videri potest. [[Aetas Metallorum|Aetate Metallorum]], gentes quae primae [[Astures]] appellata sunt ex [[Troia]] venisse dicebantur. Vero autem nominis origo ex flumine [[Astura]], hodie [[Aisela]], derivari videtur. Illo enim tempore limites Asturiarum ex [[Mare Cantabricum|Mari Cantabrico]] ad fluvium [[Durius|Durium]] patebant. Praesens Principatus Asturiarum a Romanis Asturia Transmontana nominatus est ut ab Asturia Cismontana ,quae nunc [[Legio (provincia)|Legio]]nem et [[Ocellum Duri (provincia)|Ocellum Duri]] provincias includit, discerneret. Illo tempore in oppidis castris nominatis Astures vivebant. [[Astures]] libertatem servaverunt usque ad fines [[saeculum 1 a.C.n.|saeculi primi a.C.n.]]. Eo enim saeculo Asturia subacta est a [[Roma antiqua|Romanis]]. Casus belli fuit quod Astures adversus vicinas gentes iam olim pacatas pugnarent agrosque earum vastarent, re quidem vera quod Asturiarum copiae a Romanis vehementer exoptabantur, maxime aurum. Fama est ut ipse [[Augustus]] imperator adversus Astures Cantabrosque bellum fecit. Victi denique sunt in monte Medullio, ubi plerique se ipsos inteficere quam in servitutem se dicare maluerunt. Cum in Asturia non multum Romanorum Instituta ac mores difussa essent, tamen ex eo tempore non pauca vestigia mirari possumus: [[via]]s, [[therma]]s, [[villa]]s, [[inscriptio]]nes, et cetera. Cum [[Imperium Romanum]] a Barbaris dirueretur, [[Visigothi]] [[Suevi]]que in Asturias intraverunt. Ex praesentibus studiis de Barbaris in regione videtur ut eius auctoritas pauca aut minima fuit, nam regio pauper erat et minime ad humanitatem exculta. Anno [[722]], [[Mauri]], qui pleramque [[Hispania]]m bello subigerant, Asturiis potiri temptaverunt. Victi tamen sunt in Covae Dominae proelio, ex quo novissimum [[Regnum Asturorum]] natum est. === Regnum Asturorum === [[Fasciculus:Location of the Kingdom of Asturias.PNG|thumb|Maxima [[Regnum Asturorum|Regni Asturorum]] extensio.]] [[Fasciculus:Don Pelayo.jpg|thumb|[[Pelagius (dux Asturum)|Pelagius]], victor in [[Cova Dominica]] et primus [[Reges Asturorum|rex Asturorum]].]] [[Fasciculus:Alfonso III of Asturias pf.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Alphonsus III (rex Asturorum)|Alphonsus III Magnus]].]] Post [[Visigothi|Visigothorum]] cladem adversus [[Mauri|Mauros]] qui [[Fretum Gaditanum|Gaditanum fretum]] hostiliter transiverant, multi victi ad [[Mons Cantabricus|montes Cantabricos]] fugerunt. Ibi cum Asturum gentibus mixti parvos exercitus qui assidue Mauros vexarent paraverunt. Hac re Mauri exercitum ad Asturiam Transmontanam mittere decreverunt et tum denique victi sunt ab exercitu [[Pelagius (dux Asturum)|Pelagii]], ducis Gothi, in [[Cova Dominica]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Cuadonga'' et [[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''Covadonga''). Hoc vero proelium forsitan certamen tumultuarium fuerit, sed animos Visigothis Asturibusque ad novum regnum roborandum dedit. Ex eo tempore parvum [[Religio Christiana|Christianum]] regnum conditum est quod defensionem adversus Mauros apud montes Cantabricos constitueret. Primus rex Asturum [[Pelagius (dux Asturum)|Pelagius]] (718–737) fuit. Huic [[Fafila (dux Asturum)|Fafila]] (737-739) eius filius, qui postea ab urso necatus est, successit. Post Fafilae mortem [[Alphonsus I (rex Asturorum)|Alphonsus I]] (739–757), dux Cantabriae, ad regnum pervenit. Is rex bellicosus fuit et ,eo regnante, fines Regni propagari inceperunt. Propter tanta proelia magnae solitudines inter Asturum Regnum et Mauros creatae sunt, quae [[Terra nullius|Terrae Nullius]] nomine cognitae sunt. Huic [[Froila I (rex Asturorum)|Froila]] (757 -768) eius filius successit. Is quoque bellicosus fuit et continuas oppugnationes a Mauris, ab [[Abderramanus I|Abderramano I]] imperatis, sustinuit. Fama est ut [[Ovetum]] urbem condidit –nunc tamen ea urbs ex recentibus inventionibus originem [[Roma antiqua|Romanum]] habere videtur-. Mos erat apud reges ut etiam inter familiares pugnarent ad imperium obtinendum. [[Froila I (rex Asturorum)|Froila]] ipse suum fratrem [[Vimaranus|Vimaranum]] ob regni exoptandi accussationem propria manu occidisse videtur. Post [[Froila I (rex Asturorum)|Froilam]] a [[Nobilitas|nobilibus]] quoque interfectum, reges inertes nominati, quia paene bellum non ullum gesserunt, regnaverunt. Hi fuerunt [[Aurelius (rex Asturorum)|Aurelius]] (768 – 764), [[Silo (rex Asturorum)|Silo]] (774–783), [[Mauregatus (rex Asturorum)|Mauregatus]] (783 – 789) atque [[Veremundus I (rex Asturorum)|Veremundus Diaconus]] (789–791). [[Veremundus I (rex Asturorum)|Veremundus Diaconus]] successit [[Alphonsus II (rex Asturiarum)|Alphonsus II Castus]], omnium regum Asturum fortissimus, qui multa proelia adversus Mauros gessit, etiam [[Olissipo]]nem oppugnans. Eo regnante, [[sepulcrum]] [[Compostella]]e inventum est quod [[Iacobus Maior (apostolus)|Sancti Iacobi apostoli]] reliquias continere dicebatur. Alphonsus iussit ut templum supra tumulum exstrueretur et locus a peregrinis ex tota [[Europa]] qui reliquias viderent frequentatus est usque ad praesens. Huic successit [[Ranimirus I (rex Asturorum)|Ranimirus I]] (842–852), qui [[Gallaecia]]m regebat. Cum tamen in [[Bardulia]] uxorem duceret, nobilis Nepotiani nomine adversum Ranimirum seditionem ad regnum obtinendum movit. Hac re cognita, Ranimirus [[Ovetum]] profectus est et Nepotianum caecatum in monasterio totam vitam inclusit. Eo tempore [[Normanni]] ex Regni oris fugati sunt post crudelia proelia et direptiones. Ranimiro successit [[Ordonnus I (rex Asturorum)|Ordonnus I]] (850–866) qui limites regni protulit atque [[Legio (urbs)|Legionem]] ac [[Asturica Augusta|Asturicam]] rursus incolis frequentavit. Adversus Mauros qui Regni amplificationem multum timebant pugnavit et etiam adversus Normannos. Huic successit [[Alphonsus III (rex Asturorum)|Alphonsus III Magnus]] (866–910) qui multum limites Regni amplificavit urbes condens tota Legione Castellaque, et etiam trans [[Durius|Durium]]. Sic [[Bracara]]m, [[Portus Cale|Portum Cale]] et [[Conimbriga]]m rursus incolis frequentavit et ex nihilo [[Ocellum Duri]], [[Taurus (Ocellum Duri|Taurum]] et [[Septimanca]]m condidit ut limites a Maurorum impetibus tegeret. Ximenam, regio genere virginem ab Rege [[Navarra]]e genitam, in matrimonium duxit. Sex filios habuit. Cum Alphonsus e vita excederet, inter tres filios Regnum dividit. Ex quo tempore caput Regni ex [[Ovetum|Oveto]] ad [[Legio (urbs)|Legionem]] translata est. Reges Asturici multa et pulchra opera non tantum religiosa sed etiam publica fecerunt. [[Ars|Artium]] [[Ars Asturiarum|Asturicarum]] haec aetas notissima fuit, in qua monumenta [[Ars Praeromanica|praeromanica]], nunc pro [[UNESCO Mundi Hereditas|Patrimonio ex Humanitate]] habita, exstructa sunt. Artifices quoque Asturici pulcherrima ex auro gemmisque opera fecerunt, quarum caput [[Crux Angelorum]] est, quae etiam nunc [[vexillum]] Asturiarum ornat. === Aevum Medium === Post [[caput (urbs)|caput]] regni ad [[Legio (urbs)|Legionem]] translatum, ulli nobiles secessiones concitaverunt ut Asturiae ab [[Regnum Legionense|Regno Legionis]] dissociarentur. Notissima [[seditio]] fuit ea quam [[comes]] Gundisalvus adversus Alphonsum VII dominamque [[Urraca]]m, quae Asturias in nomine Regis administrabat, movit. In anno 1338 [[Ioannes I (rex Castellae et Legionis)|Ioannes I]] et [[Iohannes Gandavensis]] pacem fecerunt matrimonium inter filios suos Henricum et Catharinam componentes. Ex eo tempore Regni heredes [[Principes Asturiarum]] nominantur. [[Medium Aevum|Medio Aevo]] Institutiones Asturiis praecipuae ortae sunt, sic [[popula]]e, [[villa]]e [[concilium|concilia]]que. Societas in tres ordines dividebatur: oratores, bellatores laboratoresque. Asturiani [[secale|secali]], [[far]]re, [[castanea|castaneis]], [[ovis|ovibus]], [[capra|capris]], [[sus|suibus]] et ceteris vivebant. === Nova et contemporanea aetates === [[Fasciculus:Francisco de Goya y Lucientes - Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Caspar Melchior de Jovellanos]], Asturianus [[Aevum Illuminationis|illustratus]].]] [[Fasciculus:Javierfernandezfernandez.jpg|upright=0.8|thumb|[[Xaverius Fernández Fernández]] [[Foederatio Socialistica Asturiana|Foederationis Socialisticae Asturianae]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Euvenavice]] et [[Asturice]]; ''Federación Socialista Asturiana'').]] [[Saeculum 18|Saeculo XVIII]] ad famem minuendam maxima levamina Indici tritici tuberculorumque ex [[America]] invectiones fuerunt, quae in praecipuos ex Asturiis cultus una cum fabis se converterunt. Ad fines huius saeculi [[Aevum Illuminationis|Illuminatio]] regionem advenit. Notissimus illustratus [[Caspar Melchior de Jovellanos]] fuit qui Asturicam [[oeconomia]]m stimulare temptavit. Mutatio Artium Operosarum ad Asturias propter [[ferrum|ferri]] [[carbo]]nisque abundantiam venit. Hoc factum praecipuissimum in Historia fuit quia societatem ita mutavit ut etiam novus proletariorum ordo ortus est. Hic ordo postea per fabrum collegia tantam potentiam habuit ut etiam nunc eorum potentia manifesta est. Anno [[1808]] Asturiae prima regio ex tota [[Hispania]] fuit quae bellum in [[Francia|Francogallos]] indixit. Multae et nobilissimae cohortes ad aciem missae sunt ubi magna virtute adversum [[exercitus]] occupantes pugnaverunt quoad ab Hispania depulsi sunt. [[Saeculum 19|Hoc saeculo]] incolae Asturiarum pugnas inter liberales et regiarum partium sectatores passi sunt. Omnium liberalium ducum clarissimus fuit [[Rafael del Riego|Raphaël del Riego]], qui pro libertate tamen moriens regi ad [[Constitutio]]nem iurandum obligavit. [[Saeculum 19|Toto saeculo]] industriae in regione media crescebant praecipue carbonis putei et ferri armorumque fabricae. [[Saeculum 20|Saeculo XX]] discordiae inter fossores fabrosque et eorum dominos tantae erant ut paene quotidie pugnae seditionesque erant. [[October|Octobri]] mense anno [[1934]] fossores ex [[Nelsus|Nelsi]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Nalón'') [[Capitalis (flumen)|Capitalis]]que ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Caudal'') vallibus et fabri ex magnis urbibus adversus centrale imperium armati se sublevaverunt. Cum victi ab exercitu essent, Asturiani proletarii maximas coercitiones in corporibus suis passi sunt. In [[Bellum Civile Hispanicum|Bello Civili Hispanico]] regio gubernationi centrali fidelis mansit praeter [[Ovetum]] et partes Occidentis. Cum exercitus Nationales nominati belli frontes fregerunt, multi milites adhuc Rei Publicae fideles in montes ad vitam servandam fugerunt ubi ducelli Franci copiis restiterunt usque ad annum [[1952]] in quo postremi occulti dispersique bellatores interfecti sunt. Agitationes tamen operariorum numquam in regione cesserunt. In anno [[1963]] maxima secessio in vallibus centralibus orta est cuius explicationes toto orbe divulgatae sunt. Mortuo [[Franciscus Franco|Francisco Franco]], Asturiae [[Communitas Autonoma|Communitatem Autonomam]] constituerunt intra decentralizatam territorialem structuram [[Constitutio]]ne anni [[1978]] statutam. [[Raphaël Ludovicus Fernández Álvarez]], qui antehac ut [[Praeses]] Consilii Regionalis e [[1978]] meruit, factus est primus [[Praeses]] Principatus Asturiarum post [[autonomia]]e adoptionem. Asturiana Gubernatio Regionalis comprehensivas competentias in praecipuos campos tales [[sanitas|sanitatem]], [[educatio]]nem et protectionem [[natura]]e tenet. [[Maius|Maio]] [[2011]], Praeses Gubernationis Asturiarum [[Franciscus Álvarez Cascos]] [[Forum Asturiae|Fori Asturiarum]] ([[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]] ''Foro Asturias'' ; [[Asturice]] ''Foru Asturies'') erat, cui successit [[Xaverius Fernández Fernández]] [[Foederatio Socialistica Asturiana|Foederationis Socialisticae Asturianae]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Euvenavice]], [[Asturice]] ''Federación Socialista Asturiana''). ==Geographia et clima== [[Fasciculus:Satellite image of Asturies in January 2003.jpg|thumb|Asturiae e [[spatium|spatio]] [[Ianuarius|Ianuario]] [[2003]].]] [[Fasciculus:Urriellu.JPG|thumb|[[Mons Auseba]] ([[Hispanice]] ''Picos de Europa'', [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]] ''Picos d'Europa'') cum inconfundibili [[Horreolum|Horreolo]] ([[Hispanice]] ''Naranjo de Bulnes'', [[Asturice]] ''Picu Urriellu'' et [[Euvenavice]] ''Pico Urriellu'').]] Asturiae apud [[Septemtrio]]nale [[Hispania]]e [[litus]] invenitur, inter [[Gallaecia (Communitas autonoma)|Gallaeciam]] [[Occidens|Occidente]], [[Cantabria]]m [[Oriens|Oriente]], [[Castella et Legio|Castellam et Legionem]] [[Meridies|Meridie]] et [[Mare Cantabricum]] Septemtrione. [[Mons Cantabricus]] [[natura]]lem limitem inter Asturias et [[Legio (provincia)|provinciam Legionem]] Meridie constituit. Orientali in [[cordillera]], [[Consaeptum Nationale Montis Ausebae|Consaeptum Nationale]] [[Mons Auseba|Montis Auseba]] ([[Hispanice]] ''Picos de Europa'', [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]] ''Picos d'Europa'') altissima et spectacularissima Asturiarum cacumina continet, cum maxima altitudine cacuminis [[Turris Cirretensis]] ([[Hispanice]] ''Torre de Cerredo'', [[Asturice]] ''Torrecerréu,'' et [[Euvenavice]] ''Torrecerredo''), 2648 [[metrum|metra]] alti. Etiam inveniuntur [[Consaeptum Naturale Redes]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]], et [[Euvenavice]] ''Parque Natural de Redes''), saxorum [[Calx (minerale)|calcis]], Centroriente; [[Consaeptum Naturale Albinae-Mensa]] ([[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]] ''Parque Natural de Las Ubiñas-La Mesa'', [[Asturice]] ''Parque Natural de Les Ubiñes-La Mesa''), [[Ovetum|Oveti]] Meridie; et [[Consaeptum Naturale Summetum]]<ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?leer=318&palabra=Somiedo Toponymia Asturiana].</ref> ([[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]] ''Parque Natural de Somiedo'', [[Asturice]] ''Parque Natural de Somiedu'') Oriente. [[Mons Cantabricus|Montes Cantabrici]] numerosas opportunitates ascendendi, [[Nartatio|nartandi]] et explorandi offerunt et patent e [[Gallaecia (Communitas autonoma)|Gallaecia]] Occidente in [[Cantabria]]m Oriente. Apud Asturianum litus inveniuntur [[acta]]e [[Acta Silentii|Silentii]] ([[Hispanice]] ''Playa del Silencio'' et [[Euvenavice]] ''Praia do Silencio'', [[Asturice]] ''El Gavieru''), vicus [[Coticularium]]<ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?leer=398&palabra=Cudillero Toponymia Asturiana]</ref> ([[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]] ''Cudillero'', [[Asturice]] ''Cuideiru'') et [[acta]]e circum [[Planae|Planas]]<ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?leer=852&palabra=Llanes Toponymia Asturiana]</ref> ([[Hispanice]], [[Euvenavice]] et [[Asturice]] ''Llanes''), sicut [[Barrum (acta)|Barrum]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Euvenavice]] et [[Asturice]] ''Barro'') atque [[Torimbia]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Euvenavice]] et [[Asturice]] ''Torimbia''). Asturianum [[clima]] variatius est quam id Meridionalium [[Hispania|nationis]] regionum. [[Aestas|Aestates]] generaliter umidae calidaeque cum [[praecipitatio]]num aliquo sunt. [[Hiems|Hiemes]] leviter frigidae sunt, praesertim in [[mons|montibus]], [[nix|nive]] a [[November|Novembri]] ad [[Maius|Maium]] tectis. Et [[pluvia]] et [[sol]] regulares Asturianarum hiemum characteres sunt. Annuae [[praecipitatio]]nes 900 mm sunt, et augentur quanto remotior regio, cum maximo 1 800 mm in [[Mons Auseba|Monte Auseba]] ([[Hispanice]] ''Picos de Europa'', [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]] ''Picos d'Europa''). Propter Asturiarum [[umor]]em et [[vegetatio]]nem, [[Principatus]] [[Hispania]] [[Viridis]] nuncupatur. ===Ambitus naturalis=== [[Fasciculus:Panorámica del alto de L'Angliru.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|Cacuminis [[Anguilarium|Anguilarii]] prospectus.]] [[Fasciculus:Vista de muniellos.jpg|thumb|upright=1.6|[[Reservatum Naturale Integrale Munnellorum|Reservati Naturalis Integralis Munnellorum]] conspectus.]] [[Fasciculus:Bosque de Muniellos 04.jpg|thumb|[[Reservatum Naturale Integrale Munnellorum|Reservati Naturalis Integralis Munnellorum]] silva.]] Asturiae et [[mons|montana]] et [[litus|litoralis]] [[communitas autonoma|communitas]] est, numerosas ac notas [[natura]]les [[inclavatura]]s habens, quarum aliquae procteguntur sicut [[Consaeptum Nationale|Consaepta Nationalia]], [[Consaeptum Naturale|Naturalia]] ac [[Reservatum Biosphaerae|Reservata]] [[Biosphaera]]e, inter quae excellunt: * [[Cacumen]] [[Anguilarium]]<ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?palabra=Angliru&buscar=Buscar Toponymia Asturiana]</ref> ([[Hispanice]] ''El Angliru'', [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]] ''L'Angliru'') * [[Horreolum|Horreolo]] ([[Hispanice]] ''Naranjo de Bulnes'', [[Asturice]] ''Picu Urriellu'' et [[Euvenavice]] ''Pico Urriellu'') * [[Mons Auseba]] ([[Hispanice]] ''Picos de Europa'', [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]] ''Picos d'Europa'') * [[Reservatum Biosphaerae|Reservata Biosphaerae]] ** [[Consaeptum Naturale Redes]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]] ''Parque Natural de Redes'') ** [[Consaeptum Naturale Summetum]]<ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?leer=318&palabra=Somiedo Toponymia Asturiana]</ref> ([[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]] ''Parque Natural de Somiedo'' ; [[Asturice]] ''Parque Natural de Somiedu'') ** [[Reservatum Naturale Integrale Munnellorum]]<ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?leer=187&palabra=llv Toponymia Asturiana]</ref> ([[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]] ''Reserva Natural Integral de Muniellos'' ; [[Asturice]] ''Reserva Natural Integral de Munieḷḷos''). ===Vegetatio Asturiarum=== [[Vegetatio]] Asturianis in montibus variat quia secundum [[altitudo|altitudinem]] mutatur. Inferioribus partibus sunt [[quercus ilex|ilices]] et [[pinus|pini]] siccis zonis, dum [[Quercus robur|robura]] et [[fagus|fagi]] umidis zonis. In monte sunt caesariatae caducifoliae [[silva]]e, et superius, [[pinophyta|pinophytorum]] silvae. Super 2000 [[metrum|metrorum]], solum sunt [[pratum|prata]]. In parte [[Mare Cantabricum|Mari Cantabrico]] attacta [[vegetatio]] multum abundat, et gratia [[pluvia]]rum valde variat. Consistit in caducifoliis [[arbor]]ibus, talibus [[Quercus robur|roburibus]], [[Castanea sativa|castaneis]], et [[fagus sylvatica|fagis]], atque in [[pratum|pratis]] naturalibus. ==Civilitas et gubernatio== [[Fasciculus:Fachada Xunta Xeneral d'Asturies.JPG|right|thumb|200px|[[Iuncta Generalis Principatus Asturiarum|Iunctae Generalis]] [[aedificium|aedes]] [[Ovetum|Oveti]].]] [[civilitas|Politica]] Principatus Asturiarum organizatio structuraque [[Statutum Autonomiae|Statuto Autonomiae]], e [[30 Ianuarii]] [[1982]] vigente, regitur. Secundum Statutum, institutiva Principatus Asturiarum organa sunt tria: [[Iuncta Generalis Principatus Asturiarum|Iuncta Generalis]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''Junta General,'' [[Asturice]]; ''Xunta Xeneral,'' et [[Euvenavice]]: ''Xunta Xeral''), [[Consilium Gubernationis Principatus Asturiarum|Consilium Gubernationis]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''Consejo de Gobierno,'' [[Asturice]]; ''Conseyu de Gobiernu,'' et [[Euvenavice]]: ''Consello de Goberno'') et [[Praeses Asturiarum|Praeses]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]: ''Presidente''). Modus [[gubernatio]]nis Pricipatus [[parlamentum|parlamentarius]] est: Iuncta Generalis [[potestas legisfera]] est, quae, populum Asturianum repraesentans, Praesidem Principatus Asturiarum eligit. Praeses Principatus Asturiarum etiam Consilii Gubernationis, [[potestas exsecutiva|potestatis exsecutivae]] dux, est et Iuncta Generali coram politice respondet, quae per [[motio censurae|motionem censurae]] aut per [[quaestio fiduciae|quaestionem fiduciae]] eum e muneribus dimittere potest. [[Potestas legisfera]] ad Iunctam Generalem, ab Asturiani populi repraesentantibus integratam, correspondet. Inter cuius munera dispensationem oeconomicam probare et Consilium Gubernationis ordinare dirigereque sunt. Iuncta integratur a 45 [[deputatus|deputatis]], quattuor annorum perihodo per [[suffragium universale]] intra [[repraesentatio proportionalis|repraesentationis proportionalis]] systema electis, in quo deputatorum assignatio in [[Methodus D'Hondtiana|Methodo D'Hondtiana]] fundatur. Ad Iunctam Generalem [[comitia|comitiorum]] resultationes fuere: {| |- ! colspan="10" width="60%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0" align="center" | Comitia autonomica Asturiana |- bgcolor="#D8D8D8" ! [[Factio politica|Factio]] ! align="right" | 1983 ! align="right" | 1987 ! align="right" | 1991 ! align="right" | 1995 ! align="right" | 1999 ! align="right" | 2003 ! align="right" | 2007 ! align="right" | 2011 ! align="right" | 2012 |- | bgcolor="#FF4500" | '''[[Partes Socialisticae Operariae Hispanicae]]''' | bgcolor="#FF6347" align="right" | 26 | bgcolor="#FF6347" align="right" | 20 | bgcolor="#FF6347" align="right" | 21 | bgcolor="#FF6347" align="right" | 17 | bgcolor="#FF6347" align="right" | 24 | bgcolor="#FF6347" align="right" | 22 | bgcolor="#FF6347" align="right" | 21 | bgcolor="#FF6347" align="right" | 15 | bgcolor="#FF6347" align="right" | 17 |- | bgcolor="#17375E" | '''[[Forum Asturiae]]''' | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#37577E" align="right" | 16 | bgcolor="#37577E" align="right" | 12 |- | bgcolor="#1E90FF" | '''[[Foedus Populare Hispanicum|Foedus Populare]]/[[Factio Popularis Hispanica|Factio Popularis]]''' | bgcolor="#87CEFA" align="right" | 14 | bgcolor="#87CEFA" align="right" | 13 | bgcolor="#87CEFA" align="right" | 15 | bgcolor="#87CEFA" align="right" | 21 | bgcolor="#87CEFA" align="right" | 15 | bgcolor="#87CEFA" align="right" | 19 | bgcolor="#87CEFA" align="right" | 20 | bgcolor="#87CEFA" align="right" | 10 | bgcolor="#87CEFA" align="right" | 10 |- | bgcolor="#32CD32" | '''[[Laeva Iuncta (Hispania)|Laeva Iuncta]]'''* | bgcolor="#7CFC00" align="right" | 5<sup>a</sup> | bgcolor="#7CFC00" align="right" | 4 | bgcolor="#7CFC00" align="right" | 6 | bgcolor="#7CFC00" align="right" | 6 | bgcolor="#7CFC00" align="right" | 3 | bgcolor="#7CFC00" align="right" | 4<sup>b</sup> | bgcolor="#7CFC00" align="right" | 4<sup>c</sup> | bgcolor="#7CFC00" align="right" | 4<sup>e</sup> | bgcolor="#7CFC00" align="right" | 5 |- | bgcolor="#FF00FF" | '''[[Unio, Progressus et Democratia]]''' | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FF00FF" align="right" | 1 |- | bgcolor="#FFA500" | '''[[Centrum Democraticum et Sociale]]''' | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | 0 | bgcolor="#ffC000" align="right" | 8 | bgcolor="#ffC000" align="right" | 2 | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | 0 | bgcolor="#ffffff" align="right" | | bgcolor="#ffffff" align="right" | | bgcolor="#ffffff" align="right" | | bgcolor="#ffffff" align="right" | | bgcolor="#ffffff" align="right" | |- | bgcolor="#EEEE42" | '''[[Factio Asturianistica]]''' | bgcolor="#FFFFff" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | 0 | bgcolor="#FFFF42" align="right" | 1<sup>d</sup> | bgcolor="#FFFF42" align="right" | 1 | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | 0 | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | 0 | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | 0 | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | 0 | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | |- | bgcolor="#00DDDD" | '''[[Unio Renovatoria Asturiana]]''' | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#00FFFF" align="right" | 3 | bgcolor="#00FFFF" align="right" | 0 | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" align="right" | |- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" | '''''Totum''''' | align="right" | '''''45''''' | align="right" | '''''45''''' | align="right" | '''''45''''' | align="right" | '''''45''''' | align="right" | '''''45''''' | align="right" | '''''45''''' | align="right" | '''''45''''' | align="right" | '''''45''''' | align="right" | '''''45''''' |} Fontes: [https://web.archive.org/web/20090827060030/http://www.mir.es/ Ministerium Rerum Internarum Hispanicum] et [http://www.facc.info Foederatio Asturiana Conciliorum] ::a) Correspondet ad [[Factio Communistica Asturiarum|Factionem Communisticarum Asturiarum]], ::b) Laeva Iuncta in coalitione cum [[Summa pro Asturiis]] se praesentavit. ::c) Laeva Iuncta in coalitione cum [[Summa pro Asturiis]] et [[Virides Asturiarum|Viridibus Asturiarum]] se praesentavit. ::e) Laeva Iuncta in coalitione cum [[Virides Asturiarum|Viridibus Asturiarum]] se praesentavit. ::d) Se praesentavit in coalitione cum [[Unitas Nationalistica Asturiana (1988)|Unitate Nationalistica Asturiana]] in [[Coalitio Asturiana]]. ==Heraldica et vexillologia== [[Fasciculus:Flag of Asturias.svg|thumb|upright=0.5|[[Vexillum Principatus Asturiarum]].]] [[Insigne]] Asturiarum [[Lex|Lege]] 2/[[1984]], diei [[27 Aprilis]], ([[BOPA]] nº 103, diei [[4 Maii]], regitur et eius [[color]]es [[Decretum|Decreto]] 118/1984 diei [[31 Octobris]] (BOPA nº 276, diei [[29 Novembris]]). [[Vexillum]] Asturiarum Lege 4/[[1990]], diei [[19 Decembris]] (BOPA nº 6, diei [[9 Ianuarii]] [[1991]]) regitur. ==Ordinatio territorialis== {{Vide-etiam|Concilia Principatus Asturiarum}} {{Vide-etiam|Commarcae Principatus Asturiarum}} [[Fasciculus:Escudo de Asturias.svg|left|thumb|upright=0.4|[[Insigne Principatus Asturiarum]].]] Administrative, Principatus Asturiarum divisus est in 78 [[Concilia Principatus Asturiarum|concilia]], ad [[municipium|municipia]] aequivalentia. Minor entitas concilio est [[parochia (divisio administrativa)|parochia]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''parroquia''), quae necessario cum [[parochia|parochia ecclesiastica]] coincidere non debet. Intra quadam parochiam possunt esse [[vicus|vici]] et [[oppidulum|oppidula]]. [[Statutum Autonomiae]] etiam loquitur de possibilitate ut ordinetur territorium in [[Commarcae Principatus Asturiarum|commarcas]]. Quamquam legaliter vixdum evolutae sunt, sunt aliquae [[commarca]]les administrationes ab variis [[municipium|municipiis]] sive [[concilium|conciliis]] statutae et ad praebendas municipalis competentiae diaconias et ordinandam, ad destinandam et ad promovendam peregre commarcam. Haec sunt: [[Flavionavia (commarca)|commarca Flavionavia]], [[concilium|concilia]] [[Flavionavia]]m<ref>[http://www.columbia.edu/acis/ets/Graesse/orblatf.html Orbis Latinus Graesse]</ref> ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Avilés''), [[Illae|Illas]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Illas''), [[Curvaria (Asturiae)|Curvariam]]<ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?leer=840&palabra=Corvera Toponymia Asturiana]</ref> ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Illas'') ac [[Castellum Gauzon]]<ref>[http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castrill%C3%B3n#Edad_media_y_moderna Vicipaedia Hispanica]</ref> ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Castrillón'') comprehendens, et [[Commarca Nelsi]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Comarca del Nalón''), [[Langiciati|Langiciatos]]<ref>[http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langreo#Historia Vicipaedia Hispanica]</ref> ([[Hispanice]], [[Euvenavice]]; ''Langreo'' et [[Asturice]]; ''Llangréu''), [[Sanctus Martinus Regis Aurelii|Sanctum Martinum Regis Aurelii]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''San Martín del Rey Aurelio'', [[Euvenavice]] et [[Asturice]]; ''Sanmartín del Rei Aurelio''), [[Flaviana (Asturiae)|Flavianam]]<ref>[http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laviana_%28Asturias%29#Edad_Media_y_Moderna Vicipaedia Hispanica]</ref> ([[Hispanice]], [[Euvenavice]]; ''Laviana'' et [[Asturice]]; ''Llaviana''), [[Casum]]<ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?leer=838&palabra=Casu Toponymia Asturiana]</ref> ([[Hispanice]], [[Euvenavice]]; ''Caso'' et [[Asturice]]; ''Casu'') ac [[Superscopulum]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Euvenavice]]; ''Sobrescobio'' et [[Asturice]]; ''Sobrescobiu'') comprehens. [[Fasciculus:Mapa comarcal d'Astúries.svg|thumb|350px|Areas sanitariae Principatus Asturiarum.]] Iuridice in Asturiis inveniuntur tres circumscriptiones comitiales, inter quas maxima est secundum [[numerus incolarum|numerum incolarum]] centralis. Ex iudiciali aspectu Asturiae divisae sunt in [[districtus iudiciarius|districtus iudiciarios]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''partidos judiciales'' [[Euvenavice]]; ''partidos xudiciais'' et [[Asturice]]; ''partíos xudiciales'') duodeviginti, cum singulis primae instantiae [[tribunal]]ibus in singulis eorum [[caput (urbs)|capitibus]]. E [[salus|sanitario]] aspectu Asturiae areas sanitarias octo, districtus sanitarios duos, zonas basicas salutis sex et sexaginta atque zonas speciales salutis quindecim habet, secundum data Instituti Informationis Sanitariae anno [[2002]]. ==Demographia== Anno [[2008]], Asturiae [[index fertilitatis|indicem fertilitatis]] 1,07, intra [[Unio Europaea|Unionem Europaeam]] infimum, habebat. Asturiae etiam est una minime religiosarum zonarum in [[Europa]]. Circiter 45% Asturianorum nullum deum aut nullam vim vitalem credunt. {|align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#333333" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1.5px" |-----align="center" bgcolor="#66dd66" style="font-size:10px" |1800||1900||1920||1950||1960||1970||1981||1991||1996||2000||2001||2002||2003||2004||2005||2006||2011 |-----align="center" style="font-size:9px" |350&nbsp;000||627&nbsp;069||743&nbsp;726||888&nbsp;149||989&nbsp;344||1&nbsp;045&nbsp;635||1&nbsp;127&nbsp;007||1&nbsp;098&nbsp;725||1&nbsp;087&nbsp;885||1&nbsp;076&nbsp;567||1&nbsp;075&nbsp;329||1&nbsp;073&nbsp;971||1&nbsp;075&nbsp;381||1&nbsp;073&nbsp;761||1&nbsp;076&nbsp;635||1&nbsp;076&nbsp;896||1&nbsp;054&nbsp;549 |} === Lingua === Quamquam [[lingua Hispanica]] unica [[lingua publica]] in Principatu est, [[lingua Asturiana]], nihilominus, [[lingua vernacularis]] in Principatu, quae, etiamsi nullo statu officiali gaudet, revera agnoscitur protegiturque a Principatu Asturiarum secundum [[Statutum Autonomiae]] et [[lex|leges]] evolutas est. [[Fasciculus:Asturian linguistic areas.PNG|400px|thumb|Linguistica Asturiarum tabula ([[Anglice]] signata).]] [[Lingua Asturiana]] e [[Linguae Romanicae|lingua Romanica]] quae e [[lingua Latina]] nata est orta est, quae erat in usu [[Medium Aevum|Mediaevalibus]] in [[regnum|regnis]] [[Regnum Asturorum|Asturorum]] et [[Regnum Legionense|Legionensi]]. Antiquissimus cognitus huius linguae textus ''[[Nodicia de Kesos]],'' ab anno [[959]], est, dum normativum documentum [[Asturice]] scriptum antiquissimum servatum anni [[1085]] [[Forum Flavionaviae]] ([[Asturice]] ''Fueru d'Avilés'') est. E [[Transitio Democratica Hispanica|Transitione Democratica Hispanica]], linguae Asturianae [[lingua officialis|officialitas]] est una inter dissimilium motuum socialium vindicationes. Anno [[1981]] creata est [[Academia Linguae Asturianae]] ([[Asturice]] ''Academia de la Llingua Asturiana''), Principatus Asturiarum institutum cuius propositum est linguae Asturianae studium, promotio defensioque. Numerosae societates pugnant pro tutela absoluta linguae asturianae, e.g: [[Contio pro Defensione Linguae Asturianae]] ([[Asturice]] ''Xunta pola defensa de la llingua asturiana''), [[Concilium Apertum pro Tutela]] ([[Asturice]] ''Conceyu Abiertu pola oficialidá'') aut [[Unitas Nationalistica Asturiana|Unitas]] ([[Asturice]] ''Unidá''). E [[2005]] officializata{{dubsig}} sunt nonnulla locorum [[toponymum|toponyma]]. In praesenti sunt pauca [[concilium|concilia]] sine officializata{{dubsig}} vernacula toponymia. [[Lingua Asturiana]] 17,7 centesimae Asturianorum [[sermo patrius]], dum 20,1 centesimae Asturianorum etiam est iuxta cum [[lingua Hispanica]]. Praeterea, est voluntaria studii materia alumnis [[Ludus litterarius|primariae]] et optativa alumnis [[educatio secundaria|secundariae]] toto in Principatu Asturiarum. Etiam paulum in [[Media communicationis socialis|mediis communicationis]] est per [[septimanale|septimanalia]] quae utuntur lingua Asturiana [[lingua franca|lingua vehiculari]]. Ultimis annis, [[litterae]] [[lingua Asturiana|Asturianae]] magna evolutione gavisae sunt e motu [[Surdimentu]] nuncupato. Praeter [[lingua Asturiana|linguam Asturianam]], inter flumina [[Euve]]<ref>[http://www.celtiberia.net/verrespuesta.asp?idp=8763 Celtiberia]</ref> ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Eo'') et [[Navia (flumen)|Naviam]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Navia''), Asturiani [[Euvenavice]] loquuntur. [[Philologia|Philologice]], [[lingua Euvenavica]] intra [[Linguae Gallaico-Lusitanae|linguas Gallaico-Lusitanas]] includitur, ut demonstrant antiqui textus hac lingua servati, ostendentes aliquas notas quae eam [[lingua Asturiana|linguae Asturianae Occidentali]] appropinquant. Sicut [[lingua Asturiana|linguae Asturianae]] casus, [[lingua Euvenavica]] nullo iuridico [[lingua officialis|linguae officialis]] statu gaudet. ==Oeconomia== [[Fasciculus:Asturian sheep.jpg|thumb|300px|Asturianae [[ovis|oves]] in [[Mons Auseba|Monte Auseba]] pascuntur.]] Principatus Asturiarum [[oeconomia]] [[campus primarius|campum primarium]] regredientem 6 centesimas [[Facultas laborandi|facultatis laborandi]] occupantem cum [[ctenotrophia]] [[Bos taurus|vaccina]], [[agricultura]] ([[maizum|maizi]], [[patata]]rum, [[Malum|mālorum]]), et [[piscatio]]ne habet. Adhuc sunt significativae{{dubsig}} [[carbonifodina]]e quamquam non gaudent antiquo pondere. [[Campus secundarius]] 30 centesimis [[Facultas laborandi|facultatis laborandi]] utitur, intra quem ponderis sunt [[siderurgia]], [[alimentum|alimenta]], [[navale|navalia]], [[arma]], [[industria]] [[chemia|chemica]], et apparatus [[vectura]]e. In [[campus tertiarius|campo tertiario]] sunt 65 centesimae [[Facultas laborandi|facultatis laborandi]] et auget,<!--?--> quod est symptomaticum{{dubsig}} ob incolarum densationem{{dubsig}} in [[urbs|mediis urbibus]], et est ponderis quod [[periegesis]] acquisivit in [[regio]]ne recentioribus annis. Etiamsi [[delocalizatio industrialis]] [[communitas autonoma|communitatem]] prioribus [[decennium|decenniis]] percussit,<!--? d.i. has beaten the community?--> [[reditus per capita]] super [[Hispania|regnum]] medium crevit quoad consecutus est 19&thinsp;868 [[euro|€]] anno [[2006]] (89,7% [[PDG]] [[per capita]] [[Hispania|regni]]). [[Concilium|Concilia]] Principatus Asturiarum partem facientia [[debitum]] publicum globale 451&thinsp;071&thinsp;000 [[millio]]num [[euro]]num habent. ==Infrastructura== ===Media communicationis=== [[Fasciculus:FotoInstalacionesRTPA_ WIKI.jpg|thumb|Aedificia RTPA.]] Haec sunt praecipuorum [[Media communicationis socialis|mediorum communicationis]] aliquae in Asturiis. ====Radiophonia==== In privata [[radiophonia]]; * [[40 Principales Asturias]] - 97.5 MHz - [[Ovetum|Oveti]] * [[40 Principales Eo]] - 106.4 MHz - [[Attalamundus|Attalamundi]] * [[40 Principales Gijón]] - 88.3 MHz - [[Veca]]e * [[Dial Asturias]] - 91.1 MHz - [[Ovetum|Oveti]] * [[Dial Eo-Navia]] - 98.3 MHz - [[Bovale|Bovali]] * [[M80 Radio Asturias]] - 94.7 MHz - [[Gradus (Asturiae)|Gradu]] * [[Máxima FM Asturias]] - 88.9 MHz - [[Ovetum|Oveti]] * [[Radio Asturias FM]] - 100.9 MHz - [[Langiciati]]s * [[Radio Asturias OM]] - 1 026 KHz - [[Ovetum|Oveti]] * [[Radio Nalón]] - 87.6 MHz - [[Flaviana (Asturiae)|Flavianae]] * [[SER Gijón]] - 96.5 MHz - [[Gegio|Gegioni]] ====Televisio==== [[Fasciculus:TeleAsturias.jpg|thumb|[[Machina cinematographica|Artifex cinematographicus]] tramitis [[TeleAsturias]] in conventu diurnariorum.]] =====Televisio publica===== Est centrum regionale [[Ovetum|Oveti]] societatis [[Televisión Española]] quod turrim telecommunicatoriam in [[Gamoniteiru]] ([[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Gamoniteiro'' et [[Asturice]]; ''Gamoniteiru'') et varias turres reemissorias toto in Principatu habet. Hinc producitur et retransmittitur regionalis programmatio. Anno [[2006]] inceptae sunt emissiones [[televisio]]nis publicae autonomicae ex Ente Publico Communicationis Principatus Asturiarum dependentes. Novus trames televisificus [[Televisión del Principado de Asturias]] [[Hispanice]] et [[Televisión del Principáu d'Asturies]] [[Asturice]], sive TPA nuncupatur quae iuxta cum [[Radio del Principado de Asturias]] [[Hispanice]] sive [[Radio del Principáu d'Asturies]] [[Asturice]] sive RPA [[Radiotelevisión del Principado de Asturias]] [[Hispanice]] sive [[Radiotelevisión del Principáu d'Asturies]] sive RTPA format. =====Televisio privata===== [[Fasciculus:Teleaviles.jpg|thumb|[[TeleAvilés]] sedes.]] E [[decennium 200|decennio 200]] producta est improvisa prosperitas in hoc [[media communicationis socialis|medio communicationis]], ubi apparuit novorum tramitum multitudo [[communitas autonoma|autonomico]] et praesertim locali gradu in Asturiis: * '''[[Oviedo TV]]''': emittit [[Ovetum|Oveti]] e [[1994]]. * '''[[TLG]]''' (sive '''Televisión Local Gijón'''): emittit apud [[Gegio|Gegionem]] * '''[[Canal 10 TV]]''': trames ad diarium ''[[El Comercio]]'' pertinet et emittit quoque [[Gegio|Gegioni]] * '''[[TeleAvilés]]''': emittit [[Flavionavia]]e * '''[[Cuencas Mineras TV]]''': sinibus fossoriis anno [[1998]] emittere coepit * '''[[Nuestra Televisión]]''': [[Commarca Sicerae|Commarcae Sicerae]] televisio Est praeterea trames privatus ex [[Ovetum|Oveto]] totis Asturiis emittens, [[TeleAsturias]] ====Interrete==== [[Interrete]] est novissimum inter [[media communicationis socialis]]. In Asturiis, praeter [[Hispania|nationales]] societates [[interrete|interretiales]] diaconias per rete [[Telefónica]] offerentes, est societas omnino Asturiana, [[Telecable]], [[interrete]], [[televisio caplaris|televisionem caplarem]] et [[telephonum|telephonia]] praebens. =====Diaria interretialia===== Per [[interrete|hoc medio]] possibile est Asturianis [[diarium|diariis]] digitabilibus accedere inter quae sunt: * '''''[[AsturiasDeporte.com]]''''': diarium [[disportus|disportivum]] digitale Principatus Asturiarum. * '''''[[Asturias Opinión]]''''': diarium digitale nuntiorum et opinionum * '''''[[Asturies.com]]''''': diarium digitale [[Asturice]] * '''''[[Asturlink.com]]''''': diarium digitale, portale et quaesitrum Asturianum * '''''[[Asturnews.com]]''''': diarium culturale digitale [[Asturice]] * '''''[[Colunga Digital]]''''': diarium digitale [[Colunga]]e et Orientis Asturiarum * '''''[[InfoAsturies]]''''': diarium digitale informationis alternativae [[Asturice]] * '''''[[Narcea Digital]]''''': diarium digitale Austroccidentis Asturiani * '''''[[Lne.es]]''''': editio digitalis diarii ''[[La Nueva España]]'' * '''''[[El Comercio Digital]]''''': editio digitalis diarii ''[[El Comercio]]'' * '''''[[Teleasturias]]''''': diarium digitale maximi ponderis nuntios Asturiarum colligens * '''''[[El Cien.es]]''''': editio digitalis diarii Asturiani ''[[El Cien]]'' * '''''[[El Nalón]]''''': diarium digitale Asturianum nuntiarum et schedarum interrogatoriarum =====Tramites radiophonici interretiales===== Sunt variae [[radiophonia|stationes radiophonicae]] solum per [[Interrete]] emittentes et Astuani ambitus quae excellunt: * '''[[Asturies.com Radio]]''': emittit 24 horas musicam in Asturiis factam et [[Asturice]] * '''[[Radio Avilés Comarca]]''': emittit [[Flavionavia (commarca)|Commarcae Flavionaviae]] ===Vectura=== [[Fasciculus:Viaplatasvg.svg|right|thumb|Antiqua [[Via Delapidata]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''Vía de la Plata'') et praesens [[autovia]] [[A-66]].]] Asturiae ab [[Iberia|Paeninsula]] valde separatae [[mons|montanam]] propter [[prominentia]]m quam habent sunt. E [[Roma antiqua|Romanis]] temporibus, regio cum [[Media planities Hispanica|Media Planitie]] per [[Via Delapidata|Viam Delapidatam]] ([[Hispanice]] ''Vía de la Plata'') communicata est, quae [[Mons Cantabricus|Montem Cantabricum]] transit et usque ad [[Hispalis|Hispalem]] venit, in praesenti [[autovia]] [[A-66]]. Respectu [[ferrivia]]e, cum eius evolutione [[saeculum 19|saeculo undevicensimo]], communicatae sunt cum [[Iberia|paeninsula reliqua]], praesertim cum [[Legio (Hispania)|Legione]] et [[Santander]]e. In regione situs est portuum unus maximi ponderis apud [[Mare Cantabricum|Cantabricum]], [[Portus Gigiae|Muscellum]]<ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?palabra=Musel&buscar=Buscar Toponymia Asturiana].</ref> ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]] ''El Musel''), quod diarios cursus commerciales cum [[Francia]] et [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britanniarum Regno]] habet. ====Vectura aërea==== [[Fasciculus:Facturación aeropuerto Asturias.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Aëroportus Asturiarum]] interiora.]] [[Fasciculus:Régional Embraer 190 F-HBLA OVD-LEAS.jpg|300px|thumb|Societatis [[Régional]] [[Embraer 190]] ab [[Aëroportus Asturiarum|Aëroportu Asturiarum]] avolat.]] Asturiis servit [[Aëroportus Asturiarum]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''Aeropuerto de Asturias,'' [[Asturice]]; ''Aeropuertu d'Asturies'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Aeroporto d'Asturias''), 40 [[chiliometrum|chiliometra]] ab [[Ovetum|Oveto]], prope Boreoccidentale litus et [[industria]]lem urbem [[Flavionavia]]m. * Societates aeronauticae peregrinae: ** [[Air France]] ** [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britannica]] societas [[EasyJet]] diarios volatus in Asturias [[Martius|Martio]] [[2005]] incepit. Moderatur ex [[Aëroportus Stanstedensis Londinensis|Aëroportu Stanstedensi Londinensi]] ([[Anglice]]; ''London Stansted Airport''), quo societas aëronautica praecipuo centro utitur. [[Hiems|Hieme]], societas EasyJet plerumque volatuum frequentiam ad quattuor volatus per [[hebdomas|hebdomadem]] reducit. * Variae [[Hispania|nationales]] societates aëronauticae etiam Asturias [[Matritum|Matrito]], [[Barcino]]ni, [[Bruxellae|Bruxellis]], [[Lutetia]]e et [[Hispalis|Hispali]] inter alias conectunt, quae sunt: ** [[Iberia]] ** [[Vueling]] Asturiae Orientales etiam faciliter accessibilis est ex [[Aëroportus Santanderiensis|Aëroportu Santanderiensi]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''Aeropuerto de Santander''). Recentes meliorationes in [[autovia]]rio rete introductae in [[Santander]] volare et postea in Asturias autocinetum gubernare sinunt, quae attingi tempore minore quam una hora potest. [[Hibernia|Hibernica]] societas aëronautica [[Ryanair]] volatus in [[Aëroportus Santanderiensis|Aëroportum Santanderiensem]] ex [[Aëroportus Francofurtensis Hagenensis|Aëroportu Francofurtensi Hagenensi]] ([[Theodisce]]; ''Flughafen Frankfurt-Hahn''), [[Liverpolium|Liverpolio]], [[Eblana]], [[Aëroportus Stanstedensis Londinensis|Aëroportu Stanstedensi Londinensi]] ([[Anglice]]; ''London Stansted Airport'') et [[Aëroportus Romae Ciampinensis|Aëroportu Romae Ciampinensi]] ([[Italice]]; ''Aeroporto di Roma-Ciampino'') moderatur. ====Vectura maritima==== [[Portus Gegionis|Muscellum]]<ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?palabra=Musel&buscar=Buscar Toponymia Asturiana]</ref> ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]], [[Euvenavice]] ''El Musel'') sive [[Portus Gegionis]] cuiuslibet magnitudinis [[navis circumvectans|naves circumvectantes]] accipere potest. Societates [[P&O]], [[Swan Hellenic]] aut [[Hapag Lloyd]] quotannis Portum [[Gegio|Gegionis]] inter suas optiones apud Litus [[Oceanus Atlanticus|Atlanticum]] [[Europa]]eum eligunt. Secutae areae navibus circumvectantibus in promptu sunt: [[Fasciculus:Puerto de Gijón 2.jpg|thumb|400px|[[Portus Gegionis]] sive Muscellum.]] * Crepido Moliner: 313 [[metrum|metra]] appulsus 14 metra profundi, * Septimum Allineamentum: 326 [[metrum|metra]] appulsus 12 metra profundi, * Espigón II. Allineamentum Meridionale: 360 [[metrum|metra]] appulsus 14 metra profundi. Haec loca magnum inspecti accessus gradum sinunt, cum praesidio praestato et navibus et viatoribus. Media urbs solum quattuor [[chiliometrum|chiliometra]] distat et auctoritas portuaria praebet dedicatum periegeticum conexum qui sinit viatores uti occasione [[cultura]]lium, [[gastronomia|gastronomicarum]] et [[commercium|commercialium]] opportunitatum quae in [[Gegio|Gegione]] offerenda sunt. ====Ferrivia==== [[Fasciculus:FEVE Train in Pravia.JPG|thumb|Societatis [[FEVE]] [[tramen]] lineae C4 [[Pravia]]e.]] [[Hispania|Hispanica]] nationalis societas [[ferrivia]]ria [[RENFE]] etiam Asturiis servit; [[Hamaxostichus|hamaxostichi]] regulariter e et in Hispanica intestina proficiscuntur. Praecipua statio in regionale [[caput (urbs)|capite]] [[Ovetum|Oveto]] est et praecipua litoralis urbs est Gegio. Praeterea, societas [[FEVE]] Medias Asturias Orientalibus et Occidentalibus coniungit. Novus [[Cuniculus (aedificium)|cuniculus]] per [[Mons Cantabricus|Montem Cantabricum]], [[Varians Paliarum]] ([[Hispanice]], ''Variante de Pajares;'' [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]], ''Variante de Payares''), in praesenti adhuc aedificatur, quae itineris tempus e [[Matritum|Matrito]] in Asturias ex quinque horis solum in tres reducet, dum fit ferrivia ut adveniant [[tramen|tramina]] [[AVE]] proximo in futuro. ====Laophoria==== Est etiam comprehensiva diaconia [[laophorium|laophorica]] a societate [[ALSA]] gesta. Quae [[Flavionavia]]m, [[Gegio|Gegionem]], [[Ovetum]] et [[Meres]] [[Matritum|Matrito]] atque aliis praecipuis urbibus aliquotiens quotidie coniungit. Haec societas diaconias in [[Barcino]]nem, [[Salmantica (Hispania)|Salmanticam]], [[Legio (Hispania)|Legionem]], [[Valdoletum]], [[Brigantium Flavium]], [[Bilbaum]], [[Hispalis|Hispalem]], [[Fanum Sancti Sebastiani (Hispania)|Sanctum Sebastianum]], [[Lutetia]]m, [[Bruxellae|Bruxellas]] et [[Nicaea (Francia)|Nicaeam]] inter alias praebet. ====Viae autocineticae==== [[Fasciculus:AS-I.svg|thumb|100px|[[Autovia Fossoria|Autoviae Fossoriae]] ([[Hispanice]] ac [[Asturice]]; ''Autovía Minera'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Autovía Mineira'') denominatio.]] Respectu [[via]]rum [[autocinetum|autocineticarum]] sunt tres axes traditionales communicationis in Asturiis quos antiquae viae nationales supponebant; axis litoralis, [[N-632]] e [[Luarca]]<ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?palabra=Luarca&buscar=Buscar Toponymia Asturiana]</ref> ([[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Luarca'' et [[Asturice]]; ''Ḷḷuarca'') in [[Ripa Saliae|Ripam Saliae]]; [[N-634]] per [[Libunca]]m, [[Spina (Asturiae)|Spīnam]]<ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?leer=739&palabra=Espina Toponymia Asturiana]</ref> ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''La Espina''), [[Ripa Saliae|Ripam Saliae]] ac [[Uncaria (Cantabria)|Uncariam]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''Unquera'') et axis per [[Gegio|Gegionem]], [[Ovetum]] ac [[Media planities Hispanica|Mediam Planitiem]], [[N-630]]. Hi axes mutati sunt [[decennium 200|decennii 200]] et [[saeculum 21|saeculo XXI]] [[decennium 201|primi decennii]] operibus sic ut omnes viae nationalis tractus e [[autovia Hispanica]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''autovía'') in [[autovia]]m ([[Hispanice]]; ''autopista'') transeunt et eis additus est novus axis [[Autovia Fossoria|Autoviam Fossoriam]] ([[Hispanice]] ac [[Asturice]]; ''Autovía Minera'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Autovía Mineira'') constituens. Ecce [[autovia]]e et [[autovia Hispanica|autoviae Hispanicae]] Asturiarum: {|class="wikitable" style="margin:0 auto" |+'''Autoviae Asturiarum''' |-align="center" |'''Denominatio'''||'''Nomen'''||'''Titularitas''' |-align="center" |[[A-63]] |align="left"|Autovia inter Ovetum et Spinam||publica |-align="center" |[[A-64]] |align="left"|Autovia inter Ovetum et Vecam||publica |-align="center" |[[A-66]] |align="left"|Autovia Delapidata||publica |-align="center" |[[A-8]] |align="left"|Autovia Cantabrica||publica |-align="center" |[[AS-I]] |align="left"|[[Autovia Fossoria]]||[[communitas autonoma|autonomica]] |-align="center" |[[AS-II]] |align="left"|[[Autovia Industrialis]]||[[communitas autonoma|autonomica]] |} ==Cultura== ===Ars=== [[Fasciculus:Santa maria del naranco-001.jpg|thumb|[[Sancta Maria in Naurancio]] est exemplum [[Ars Asturiarum|Artis Praeromanicae Asturianae]].]] Asturiae locuples legatum [[ars|artificiosum]] possident e quo excellit [[architectura]] autochthonica [[Ars Praeromanica|Praeromanica]] sive [[Ars Asturiarum|Ars Asturiana]] cum monumentis inter quae eminent [[Sancta Maria in Naurancio]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Santa María del Naranco'') et [[Sanctus Michael de Lillo]] ([[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''San Miguel de Lillo'' et [[Asturice]]; ''Samiguel de Lliño'') [[Ovetum|Oveti]]. Quae ambae iuxta cum [[Fons Incalata|Fonte Incalata]]<ref>[http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuente_de_Foncalada Vicipaedia Hispanica]</ref> ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Foncalada''), secundum [[UNESCO]], [[UNESCO Mundi Hereditas|Hereditatis Mundanae]] partem faciunt. [[Ars Romanica]] multo praesens est quia tota regio [[Peregrinatio ad Compostellam|viis Iacobeis]] transiebatur, ubi excellunt [[monasterium]] [[Monasterium Sancti Petri Villae Novae|Sancti Petri Villae Novae]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''Monasterio de San Pedro de Villanueva,''' [[Asturice]]; ''Monesteriu de San Pedro de Villanueva'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Mosteiro de San Pedro de Vilanova''), prope [[Canicae Onnenses|Canĭcas Onneses]] et [[Monasterium Sanctae Mariae Iunci|Sanctae Mariae Iunci]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Santa María del Junco''), [[Ripae Saliae|Ripa Saliae]]. [[Ars Gothica]] non abundat, quamquam sunt bona huius generis specimina sicut [[Cathedralis Sancti Salvatoris Ovetensis|Cathedralis Sancti Salvador]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Catedral de San Salvador'') [[Ovetum|Oveti]]. ===Architectura saeculi XXI=== [[Fasciculus:CentroNiemeyer72.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Centrum Culturale Internationale Anscharius Niemeyer]].]] Aliquae [[stylus internationalis|architecturae internationalis]] exempla sunt: * [[Laboralis, Urbs Culturae]] ([[Hispanice]], ''Laboral, Ciudad de la Cultura;'' [[Asturice]], ''Llaboral, Ciudá de la Cultura;'' [[Euvenavice]], ''Laboral, Cidade da Cultura'') [[Gegio|Gegioni]], * [[Palatium Congressuum Ovetense|Palatium Congressuum]] ([[Hispanice]], [[Asturice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Palacio de Congresos''), ab [[Iacobus Calatrava|Iacobo Calatrava]] designatum, [[Ovetum|Oveti]], * [[Centrum Culturale Internationale Anscharius Niemeyer]] ([[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''Centro Cultural Internacional Oscar Niemeyer'' et [[Asturice]]; ''Centru Cultural Internacional Oscar Niemeyer''), [[Flavionavia]]e. ===Pictura=== [[Fasciculus:Tendido de sombra.jpg|250px|thumb|[[Darius de Regoyos|Darii de Regoyos]] pictura "Gradus Umbrae" ([[Hispanice]]; ''Tendido de Sombra'').]] Optimus modus habendi accurati conspectus de Asturianae [[pictura]]e historia est [[Museum Bellarum Artium Asturiarum]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''Museo de Bellas Artes de Asturias,'' [[Asturice]]; ''Muséu de Belles Artes d'Asturies'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Museo de Belas Artes d'Asturias'') visitare, ubi sunt praecipui [[saeculum 20|saeculi XX]] Asturiani [[pictor]]es, qui sunt: * [[Ioannes Carreño de Miranda]] ([[1614]]–[[1685]]) * [[Darius de Regoyos]] ([[1857]]–[[1913]]) * [[Ludovicus Bayón]] ([[1894]]–[[1945]]), unus inter praeclarissimos [[Flavionavia|Flavionavienses]] [[saeculum 20|saeculi XX]] pictores del siglo XX iuxta cum fratres Espolita * [[Marianus Moré]] ([[1899]]–[[1974]]) * [[Evaristus Valle]] ([[1878]]–[[1951]]) * [[Nicanor Piñole]] ([[1878]]–[[1978]]) * [[Aurelius Suárez]] ([[1910]]–[[2003]]), pictor [[Superrealismus|Superrealista]] * [[Pelagius Ortega]] ([[1954]]) * [[Innocentius Urbina Villanueva]] ([[1926]]) qui, quamquam sua opera citato in museo non sunt, est unus notissimorum secundi [[saeculum 20|saeculi XX]] dimidii Asturianorum topiariorum * [[Ludovicus Fernández López]] ([[1900]]-[[1973]]) ===Photographia=== [[Fasciculus:Museo del Pueblo de Asturias - Gijón.JPG|thumb|300px|[[Museum Populi Asturiarum]] [[Gegio|Gegionis]].]] Praecipua inter [[museum|musea]] cum Asturianis antiquis [[saeculum 19|saeculorum XIX]] et [[saeculum 20|XX]] [[photographia|photographematibus]] est [[Museum Populi Asturiarum]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''Museo del Pueblo de Asturias,'' [[Asturice]]; ''Muséu del Pueblu d'Asturies'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Museo del Pobo Asturiano''). Ecce clarissimi [[saeculum 19|saeculorum XIX]] et [[saeculum 20|XX]] photographi in Asturiis: * [[Felicianus Pardo Campos]] ([[1876]] – circa [[1930]]) * [[Iosephus Fernández Cuétara]] ([[1878]]–[[1928]]) * [[Raimundus del Fresno]] ([[1834]]–[[1899]]) et e [[1889]] Raimundus del Fresno et filii * [[Fernandus del Fresno]] ([[1848]]–[[1929]]) * [[Florentinus Fernández Iglesias]] sive "Frank" ([[1887]]–[[1970]]) * [[Raimundus García Duarte]] ([[1862]]–[[1937]]) * [[Ioannes David]], [[Francia|Francogallicus]] photographus activus in Asturiis inter [[1881]] et [[1905]] * [[Marcelianus Cuesta]] ([[1840]]–[[1903]]) * [[Ludovicus Muñiz Miranda]] ([[1850]]–[[1927]]) * [[Modestus Montoto]] ([[1875]]–[[1950]]) * [[Balthasar Cué]] Ecce praeclarissimi [[saeculum 20|saeculi XX]] photographi: * [[Xaverius Bauluz]] ([[1960]]) ([[Praemium Pulitzer]] anno [[1995]]). * [[Iosephus Ferrero]] ([[1959]]) ===Litterae=== [[Fasciculus:La-Regenta-y-Catedral.jpg|thumb|[[Regenta]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''La Regenta''), [[litterae|litteraria]] [[Leopoldus Alas Clarín|Leopoldi Alas Clarín]] persona, et [[Cathedralis Sancti Salvatoris Ovetensis|Cathedralis Ovetensis]].]] Inter Asturianos [[litterae|sciptores]] notandi sunt: * [[Antonius de Marirreguera]] ([[saeculum 17|Saeculi XVII]]) * [[Caspar Melchior de Jovellanos]] ([[1744]]–[[1811]]) * [[Gumersindus Laverde Ruiz]] ([[1835]]–[[1890]]) * [[Raimundus de Campoamor]] ([[1817]]–[[1901]]) * [[Leopoldus Alas Clarín]] ([[1851]]–[[1901]]) * [[Armandus Palacio Valdés]] ([[1853]]–[[1938]]) * [[Iosephus de Pría]] ([[1864]]–[[1926]]) * [[Raimundus Pérez de Ayala]] ([[1880]]–[[1962]]) * [[Alphonsus Camín]] ([[1890]]–[[1982]]) * [[Alexander Casona]] ([[1903]]–[[1965]]) * [[Carolus Bousoño]] ([[1923]]) * [[Angelus González]] ([[1925]]–[[2008]]) * [[Corinna Tellado]] ([[1927]]–[[2009]]) * [[Gundisalvus Suárez]] ([[1934]]) * [[Marianus Antolín Rato]] ([[1943]]) * [[Ismaël González Arias]] ([[1958]]) * [[RaphaËl Reig]] ([[1963]]) * [[Bertha Piñán]] ([[1963]]) * [[Aurelius González Ovies]] ([[1964]]) * [[Ioannes Bello]] ([[1965]]) * [[Georgius Moreno]] ([[1973]]) ===Musica=== [[Fasciculus:Gaiterosenoviedo.JPG|thumb|220px|Ascaulae [[Ovetum|Oveti]] [[nuptiae|nuptias]] animantes.]] [[Musica]] et [[saltatio]] variatae sunt. [[Instrumentum musicum]] plurime proprium [[gaita Asturiana]], [[gaita]] tribus fistulis nota, est. Quae in usu est numerosis in popularibus saltationibus et quam [[tympanum]] iuxta cum [[Clarinetum|clarineto]] aut aliis instrumentis comitari possunt. Repraesentativissimum [[traditio]]nale Principatus carmen est [[tonada Asturiana]]. Principatus [[Hymnus nationalis|hymnus]] est "[[Asturiae, patria cara]]" ([[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''Asturias, patria querida'' et [[Asturice]]; ''Asturies, patria querida''). ===Mythologia=== [[Fasciculus:Lamia Waterhouse.jpg|thumb|200px|<center>[[Xana]]</center> <center>("[[Lamia]]", ab [[Iohannes Gulielmus Waterhouse|Iohanne Gulielmo Waterhouse]], anno [[1909]])</center>]] In Asturiis creatae sunt [[mythologia|mythologicae]] personae usque ad praesens persistentes. Ecce notissimae: * [[Xana]]e ([[Asturice]]; ''les Xanes,'' [[Hispanice]]; ''las Xanas'' ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''as Xanas'') Sunt pulcherrimae flavis capillis [[nympha]]e prope [[flumen|flumina]] viventes. Albi [[Linum|lini]] tunicas induunt et suae vocis gratia captivant. Libidinosae sunt et attrahunt viros ad suffocandos eos aqua. * [[Trasgus]] ([[Asturice]]; ''El Trasgu'' et [[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''El Trasgo'') Est parvula clauda persona pileum induens. Crebro domos intrat. Ut hic non redeat, satis est ab eo postulare ut faciat aliquid quod non possit. Ob [[verecundia]]m, nunquam redibit. * [[Nubarius]] ([[Asturice]] et [[Hispanice]]; ''El Nuberu'' ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''El Nubeiro'') [[Nubes]] et [[Tempestas (meteorologia)|tempestates]] regit. Aequivalet in [[mythologia]] Asturiana [[Graeci|Graeco]] [[Zeus|Dii]] et [[Roma antiqua|Romano]] [[Iuppiter|Iovi]]. Canos capellos et longam barbam habet, [[cappa]]m, [[canus|canum]] [[petasus|petasum]] induens et [[baculus|baculum]] manu habens. * [[Coluber]] ([[Asturice]], [[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''El Cuélebre'') Est magnus alatus [[serpentes|serpens]] in intimo [[spelunca]]rum loco vivens ubi [[thesaurus|thesauros]] custodit. * [[Aialga]]e ([[Asturice]]; ''Les Ayalgues,'' [[Hispanice]]; ''Las Ayalgas'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''As Ayalgas'') Sunt pulchrae, sed minus [[Xana|Xanis]]. Quarum pulchritudo nihil diabolici habet. Pertinent ad [[femina]]rum fascinatarum circulum quae mysteriosis in palatiis thesaurorum a [[Coluber|Colubre]] custoditorum plenis vivere coguntur. * [[Lavandaria]]e ([[Asturice]]; ''Les Llavanderes,'' [[Hispanice]]; ''Las Llavanderes'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''As Lavandeiras'') Earum corpus achariston est. Veteres sunt macro cum [[thorax|thorace]] se abundantis canis capillis opponente. Elusivum aspectum et monotonam ac deridentem vocem habent. Prope flumina vivunt. * [[Agmen Sanctum]] ([[Asturice]]; ''La Güestia,'' [[Hispanice]]: ''La Santa Compaña'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''A Santa Compaña'') Sunt [[spectrum|spectra]] valde crebra queribunde [[missa]]s aut [[peccatum|peccatorum]] satisfactiones etc... postulantes. Suae familiae membra terrent. * [[Busgosus]] ([[Asturice]]; ''El Busgosu,'' et [[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''El Busgoso'') Creberrimus est in silvis [[Siarius|Siarium]] circumdantibus. Iuvant zonarum [[lignator]]es aut [[animalia]]. Est pacificum ens. Pingitur [[capra]]e pedibus et inconcinno [[caput|capite]] quod coronant duo [[cornu]]a. ===Theatrum=== [[Fasciculus:Tatro Jovellanos Gijón.jpg|thumb|left|200px|[[Theatrum Jovellanos]] [[Gegio|Gegionis]].]] Inter praecipua Asturiana [[theatrum|theatra]] sunt: * [[Theatrum Armandus Palacio Valdés]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Teatru Armando Palacio Valdés'' et [[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''Teatro Armando Palacio Valdés''), [[Flavionavia]]e; * [[Theatrum Campoamor]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Teatru Campoamor'' et [[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''Teatro Campoamor''), [[Ovetum|Oveti]]; * [[Theatrum Philharmonica]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Teatru Filarmónica'' et [[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''Teatro Filarmónica''), [[Ovetum|Oveti]]; * [[Theatrum Jovellanos]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Teatru Xovellanos,'' [[Hispanice]]; ''Teatro Jovellanos'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Teatro Xovellanos''), [[Gegio|Gegioni]]. ===Gastronomia=== [[Fasciculus:Fabada.jpg|thumb|[[Fabale Asturicum]] iam in [[olla]] parata, ubi [[companicus|companĭcus]], scilicet [[salsicium capsicatum|salsicia capsicata]], [[Botellus sanguineus|botella sanguinea]] et [[laridum]], videri potest.]] [[Fasciculus:Afuega'l pitu.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|left|[[Caseus]] [[Afuega'l pitu|afuegalpītu]].]] [[Fasciculus:Escanciar.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|left|Asturianus [[pomacium]] in [[chigre]] sive Asturiana bibaria pomacium fundens.]] [[Fasciculus:Carbayones-2009.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Carbayo]]nes [[Ovetum|Oveti]].]] Asturiana [[coquina]] elementa habet quae eam erga [[Normannia|Normannicam]] et [[Britannia Minor|Armoricanam]] ordinant. Notissimum ferculum est [[fabale Asturicum]], [[elixatura]] e [[phaseolus vulgaris|phaseolis]] facta, iuxta cum [[Salsicium capsicatum|salsicio capsicato]] ([[Asturice]]; ''chorizo'', [[Hispanice]]; ''chorizo'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''chourizo''), [[Botellus sanguineus|botello sanguineo]], [[lacca]] ([[Asturice]], [[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''lacón''), et [[laridum|larido]]. Quae coniucta seorsum apponuntur et [[companicus|companĭcus]] ([[Asturice]]; ''compangu'' et [[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''compango'') nuncupantur. Praeterea [[Mare Cantabricum|Cantabrici]] recentium [[pisces|piscium]] ac [[Conchylium|conchyliorum]] varietas et [[vitulina]]e ac [[bubulus|bubulinae]] [[caro|carnis]] qualitas excellunt. Sunt amplius centum dissimilium excellentium fabrilium [[caseus|caseorum]] varietatum, e quibus [[Cabrales (caseus)|cabrales]] notissimus est, quamquam populariores in Asturiis sunt inter alios [[gamonéu|gamŏneu]] et [[Afuega'l pitu|afuegalpītu]] cum [[Appellatio Originis Protecta|Appellatione Originis Protecta]]. Si [[tragemata]] praeoptantur, traditionalissimum est [[oryza cum lacte]] ([[Asturice]]; ''arroz con lleche'' et [[Hispanice]]; ''arroz con leche'' ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''arroz con lleite'') et [[casadiella]]e ([[Asturice]], [[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''casadielles''), aut frictae aut in [[furnus|furno]] assae, quae sunt genus [[crispa]]rum fartarum e mixtura [[Nux|nucum]], sicut [[Iuglans|iunglandum]], [[amygdalus|amygdalorum]] et [[Nux avellana|avellanarum]], quae antehac contritae, [[saccharum|saccharo]] mixtae et [[anisatum|anisato]] rigata sunt; etiam inveniuntur [[scriblita]] [[charlotta Gegionis]] ([[Asturice]] ac [[Euvenavice]], ''charlota de Xixón''; [[Hispanice]]; ''charlota de Gijón''), [[carbayo]]nes ([[Asturice]] ac [[Hispanice]]; ''carbayones'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''carbayóis'') ac [[moscovita (dulce)|moscovitae]] ([[Asturice]]; ''moscovites'' et [[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''moscovitas'') [[Ovetum|Oveti]] et notissimus [[tuccetum caeli]] ([[Asturice]]; ''tocín de cielu,'' [[Hispanice]]; ''tocino de cielo'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''touciño de cêlo'') [[Gradus (Asturiae)|Gradus]], inter alia tragemata. [[Carnelevarium|Carnelevarii]] tempore, paratur [[foliolum (dulce)|foliolum]] ([[Asturice]]; ''frixuelu,'' [[Hispanice]]; ''frisuelo'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''frixuelo''), tragema factum e [[farina]], [[lac]]te et [[saccharum|saccharo]], frictum pauca [[oleum|olei]] quantitate et super quod aspergitur [[saccharum]]. Etiam typica est [[impanata]] Asturiana ([[Asturice]], [[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''empanada asturiana''). Praecipua Asturiana [[potio]] [[pomacium]] seu sicera est, cuius elaborationis processus et consumendi modus omnino in sociali Asturiana vita integrati sunt. Cum suis paucis [[alcohol]]is gradibus, inter quattuor et sex, sicera [[peregrinatio]]nes congressionesque animavit animatque et adhuc in [[chigre|chigribus]] ([[Asturice]], [[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''chigres'') ac [[espicha|espichis]] ([[Asturice]]; ''espiches'' et [[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''espichas'') irrecusabile typicae Asturiarum potionis munus suscipit. Ultimis annis, notabili cum acceptatione, novae expressionis sicerae et exspectata [[Appellatio Originis Protecta|Appellatio Originis]] apparuere. Non obliviscenda est sicera dulcis sine alcohole, exquisita potio. Minus integratum sed haud minoris ponderis, Occidente etiam typicum est [[vinum]] ista in zona productum, sicut vinum [[Canicae Narceae|Canĭcarum Narcēae]], quamquam Asturiae nullam [[appellatio Originis Protecta|appellationem originis]] de vinis habent. ===Res athleticae=== [[Fasciculus:Bandera sporting.jpg|thumb|275px|Turmae [[Real Sporting de Gijón]] [[vexillum]], quod in sua sede sociali, [[Schola Pedilusoria Mareoënsis|Schola Mareoënsi]], semper levatum invenitur.]] [[Fasciculus:Fernando Alonso Bahrain.jpg|125px|thumb|[[Ovetum|Ovetensis]] gubernator [[Fernandus Alonso]], bis campio mundi in [[Formula 1]] annis [[2005]] et [[2006]].]] [[Fasciculus:Bolos asturianos.JPG|thumb|200px|[[coniludium Celticum|Coniludium Celticum sive Tineii]] in campo [[Bargĭna Monasterii|Bargĭnae Monasterii]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Bárcena del Monesteriu,'' [[Euvenavice]]; ''Bárcena del Mosteiro'' et [[Hispanice]]; ''Bárcena del Monasterio'').]] [[Fasciculus:Pajares4.jpg|thumb|250px|Statio hiemalis [[Vallis Grandis et Paliares]] ([[Asturice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''Valgrande-Payares'' et [[Hispanice]]; ''Valgrande-Pajares'').]] In [[pediludium|pediludio]], praecipuae Principatus turmae sunt: [[Gegio|Gegionensis]] [[Real Sporting de Gijón]], quae quadraginta tempora in [[Prima Divisio Hispaniae|Prima Divisione]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''Primera División'') fuit et sex [[Europa]]eas participationes, unum Ligae subcampionatum et duo [[Scyphum Regis|Scypha Regis]] habet et in praesenti in [[Secunda Divisio Hispaniae|Secunda Divisione]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''Segunda División'') militat; et [[Ovetum|Ovetensis]] [[Real Oviedo]] quae per 38 tempora in [[Prima Divisio Hispaniae|Prima Divisione]] militavit et unam Europaeam participationem, tres tertios locos in [[Prima Divisio Hispaniae|Prima Divisione]] habet et praeterea est unica Asturiana turma titulum officialem, [[Scyphum Ligae|Scyphum Secundae Divisionis]] anni [[1985]], assecuta et nunc in [[Secunda Divisio B Hispaniae|Secunda B]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''Segunda B'') militat. Aliae quattuor turmae in [[Secunda Divisio Hispaniae|Secunda Divisione]] lusere: [[Flavionavia|Flavionaviensis]] [[Real Avilés Club de Fútbol]] (per 14 tempora), [[Langiciati]]ana [[Unión Popular de Langreo]] (per 8 tempora), [[Meres|Merensis]] [[Caudal Deportivo]] (per 7 tempora) et [[Flavionavia|Flavionaviensis]] [[Club Deportivo Ensidesa]] (per unum tempus). Principatus a [[Turma Pedilusoria Nationalis Asturiana|Selectione Pedilusoria Asturiana]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Seleición Asturiana de Fútbol,'' [[Hispanice]]; ''Selección de Fútbol de Asturias'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Selección de Fútbol d'Asturias'') repraesentatur. In [[Canistriludium|canistriludio]], praecipua turma in praesenti [[Ovetum|Ovetensis]] [[Oviedo Club Baloncesto]] est. Antea eminuit [[Gijón Baloncesto]], turma quae fuit per quattuor tempora in maxima categoria, [[Liga ACB]]. In [[Manufollium|manufollio]], Asturiae sunt cunabulum magnarum lusorum inter quos fratres [[Albertus Entrerríos]] ac [[Radulphus Entrerríos]] aut [[Flavionavia|Flavionaviensis]] [[Ruben Garabaya]], omnes ei absolute internationales. Ecce praesentes Asturianae turmae maximis in suorum respectivorum [[disportus|disportuum]] categoriis certantes: * [[Gegio|Gegionensis]] [[Gijón Hockey Club]] in feminea [[alsulegia pedirotaria]], * [[Gegio|Gegionensis]] [[Gijón Mariners]] in [[Harpastum Americanum|harpastum Americano]], * [[Gegio|Gegionensis]] [[Club Natación Santa Olaya]] in masculina femineaque [[natatio]]ne, * [[Gegio|Gegionensis]] [[El Llano Béisbol Club]] in [[Basipila|basīpĭla]], * [[Gegio|Gegionensis]] [[Club Unihockey Gijón]] in [[unialsulegia]]. * [[Gegio|Gegionensis]] [[Astur Patín]] in [[patinatio rotalis velocitatis|patinatione rotali velocitatis]]. Individualiter excellunt in Asturiis [[Ovetum|Ovetensis]] gubernator [[Fernandus Alonso]], bis campio mundi in [[Formula Unus|Formula Uno]] annis [[2005]] et [[2006]]. Etiam in [[Cursus autocinetorum|cursu autocinetorum]] memorandi sunt gubernatores tales [[Albertus Hevia]], Hispanicus [[certamen autocinetorum|certaminum autocinetorum]] asphalticorum campio annis [[2004]] ac [[2010]] et subcampio annis [[2005]] ac [[2007]]; [[Iosephus Antonius López Fombona]] aut [[Daniel Alonso]]. Etiam eminet [[birotatio|birotarius]] [[Samuel Sánchez]], [[clipeus aureus]] [[Olympia (certamina)|Olympicus]] in [[2008 Olympia Aestiva|Olympiis Aestivis]] [[Pechinum|Pechini]] anni [[2008]] in [[birotatio viaria|birotatione viaria]], et [[Iosephus Ludovicus Rubiera]]. [[Disportus|Disportivus]] eventus popularissimus et in Asturiis et reliqua in [[Hispania]] est [[Descensio Internationalis Saliae]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Descensu Internacional del Seya'' et [[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Descenso Internacional del Sella''), [[Piraguismus|piraguismi]] probatio cum variarum nationum participibus et quotannis in finali [[flumen|fluminis]] [[Salia]]e tractu, inter [[Rotundae|Rotundas]]<ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?leer=864&palabra=Arriondas Toponymia Asturiana]</ref> ([[Asturice]]; ''Les Arriondes'' et [[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''Arriondas'') et [[Ripa Saliae|Ripam Saliae]], primo [[Dies Saturni|die Saturni]] e [[decennium 194|decennio 194]] habita. Hoc cum eventu initium habet [[Hebdomas Internationalis Piraguismi Asturiarum]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Selmana Internacional de Piragüismu n'Asturies,'' [[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''Semana Internacional del Piragüismo en Asturias''), quae desinit cum [[Descensio Internationalis Carum|Descensione Internationali Carum]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Descensu Internacional del Cares'' et [[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Descenso Internacional del Cares''). In Asturiis sunt quoque autchthonici [[disportus]] magna amatorum quantitate. Inter quos maximi ponderis sunt [[coniludium Asturicum]] ([[Asturice]] ac [[Hispanice]]; ''bolos asturianos'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''birlos asturianos'') de quo coluntur varia genera; [[cuatreada]], [[batiente]], [[palma (coniludium)|palma sive birle]] et [[coniludium Celticum|Celticum sive Tineii]] etc... Praeterea, memorandi sunt [[disportus]] hiemales et montani. Asturiae stationem hiemalem et montanam [[Vallis Grandis et Paliares|Vallem Grandem et Paliares]] ([[Asturice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''Valgrande-Payares'' et [[Hispanice]]; ''Valgrande-Pajares'') habent, quae est una e primis [[statio nartatoria|stationibus]] [[nartatio|nartatoriis]] [[Hispania|Hispanicis]], anno [[1954]] inaugurata, et quae 21,5 [[chiliometrum|chiliometra]] [[iter narticum|itinerum narticorum]] possidet plus septem chiliometra [[cursus campester nartatorius|cursus campestris nartatorii]]. Praeterea [[Martius|Martio]] [[2007]] inaugurata est statio hiemalis [[Fontes Hiemis]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Fontes d'Inviernu,'' [[Euvenavice]]; ''Fontes d'Inverno'' et [[Hispanice]]; ''Fuentes de Invierno'') cum quindecim [[iter narticum|itineribus narticis]] 8 764 [[metrum|metra]] longa. ===Sollemnia=== [[Fasciculus:Desfile del día de América en Asturias America's Day parade in Asturias.jpg|thumb|250px|Carruca [[Peruvia]]e [[Dies Americae in Asturiis|Die Americae in Asturiis]] anno [[2008]].]] [[Fasciculus:Virgen de Covadonga2.jpg|thumb|[[Virgo Covae Dominicae|Virginis Covae Dominicae]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Virxe de Cuadonga,'' [[Hispanice]]; ''Virgen de Covadonga'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Virxe de Covadonga'') in suo [[spelunca|specu]].]] Sunt numerosae [[peregrinationes]] ([[Hispanice]]; ''romerías'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''romaría'' sive ''romaxe''), [[Asturice]] ''fiestes de prau'' sive ''folixes'' nuncupatae quia, ob magnam [[viculus|viculorum]] quantitatem iuxta cum [[natura]]e characteribus, pleraeque peregrinationes in [[pratum|pratis]] fiebant, et, quamquam earum numerus deminuit et earum loca bituminata sunt, adhuc sunt ratio ut eae visitentur. Memorandus est [[Descensio Internationalis Saliae]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Descensu Internacional del Seya'' et [[Hispanice]] et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Descenso Internacional del Sella''), primo [[dies Saturni|die Saturni]] [[Augustus|Augusti]] post [[2 Augusti|diem secundum eiusdem mensis]] inter [[Rotundae|Rotundas]]<ref>[http://mas.lne.es/toponimia/index.php?leer=864&palabra=Arriondas Toponymia Asturiana]</ref> ([[Asturice]]; ''Les Arriondes'' et [[Hispanice]] ac [[Euvenavice]]; ''Arriondas'') et [[Ripa Saliae|Ripam Saliae]] celebrata cum cursu 20 [[chiliometrum|chiliometra]] longo, festum utilitatis periegeticae internationalis ([[Hispanice]]; ''interés turístico internacional'') declaratum. Declarata sunt utilitatis nationalis [[Nava (Asturiae)|Navense]] [[Festum Sicerae]] seu pomacii ([[Asturice]] ac [[Hispanice]]; ''Festival de la Sidra'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Festival da Sidra''), [[Dies Asturiarum in Gegione]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Día d'Asturies en Xixón,'' [[Hispanice]]; ''Día de Asturias en Gijón'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Día d'Asturias en Xixón''), [[Navia (Asturiae)|Naviensis]] [[Descensio Natatilis Riae Naviae]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Descensu a nadu de la ría del Navia'', [[Hispanice]]; ''Descenso a nado de la ría del Navia'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Descenso a nao da ría del Navia''), [[Luarca|Luarcense]] [[Festum Nostrae Dominae a Rosario]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Fiesta de Nuestra Señora del Rosariu'', [[Hispanice]]; ''Fiesta de Nuestra Señora del Rosario'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Festa da Nosa Señora del Rosario''), [[Planae|Planense]] [[Festum Virginis Ducis]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Fiesta de la Virxe de la Guía,'' [[Hispanice]]; ''Fiesta de la Virgen de la Guía'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Festa da Virxe da Guía'') et [[Ovetum|Ovetensis]] [[Dies Americae in Asturiis]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Día d'América en Asturies,'' [[Hispanice]]; ''Día de América en Asturias'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Día d'América en Asturias''). Institutionaliter, [[communitas autonoma|Communitatis Autonomae]] festum officiale die [[8 Septembris]], etiam festum [[Virgo Covae Dominicae|Virginis Covae Dominicae]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Virxe de Cuadonga,'' [[Hispanice]]; ''Virgen de Covadonga'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Virxe de Covadonga'') celebratur. [[8 Septembris|Haec dies]] [[Dies Asturiarum]] ([[Asturice]]; ''Día d'Asturies,'' [[Hispanice]]; ''Día de Asturias'' et [[Euvenavice]]; ''Día d'Asturias'') anno [[1984]] proclamata est et habet diei festi regionalis characterem, quamobrem est dies haud profestus. Cuius celebratio quotannis dissimili in loco a [[Consilium Gubernationis Principatus Asturiarum|Consilio Gubernationis Principatus Asturiarum]] determinato fit. ==Notae== <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Commarcae Principatus Asturiarum]] * [[Concilia Principatus Asturiarum]] * [[Geographia Hispaniae]] * [[Regnum Asturorum]] ==Nexus externi== {{commonscat|Asturias|Asturias}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20201211010827/http://www.asturias.es/ Gubernatio Principatus Asturiarum] * [http://www.infoasturias.com Portale officiale turismi Asturiarum] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130603015138/http://www.educastur.es/ Pagina officialis Consilii Educationis] * [http://www.webcamsdeasturias.com Rete paginarum interretialium de Principatu Asturiarum] * [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JSE6JyKDeWM Pellicula de Hymno Officiali Principatus Asturiarum] {{provinciae Hispanae}} {{FA stella}} [[Categoria:Communitates Autonomae Hispaniae]] [[Categoria:Provinciae Hispaniae]] 29gpwwzjhy8tnd5k9bwz0eoke270z6o Guadalaxara (Hispania) 0 37577 3974788 3867998 2026-07-26T15:44:01Z 2deseptiembre 5876 corrección en el español de la nota 3974788 wikitext text/x-wiki {{latinitas}} {{videhom|Guadalaxara (Mexicum)}} [[Fasciculus:Guadalajara, Spain location.png|thumb|Guadalaxara in Hispania sita]] '''Guadalaxara'''<ref>{{lexfons}}</ref>, sive '''Guadalfaiara''', sive '''Fluvius Lapidum'''<ref>"Guadalfaiara aut Fluvius Lapidum": [[Rodericus Ximenius|Roderici Ximeni]] ''Historia de Rebus Hispaniae sive Historia Gothica'', IV.XI et VI.XXII; I. Fernandez Valverde edidit apud "Corpus Christianorum: continuatio Mediaevalis" 72, Brepols.</ref><ref>Saepe et male "Arriaca": "Mucho más justificada es su identificación con "Arriaca", bien con coincidencia de emplazamiento, o bien habiendo supuesto un desplazamiento posterior de la población. Tradicionalmente se localizó Arriaca en Guadalajara, debiendo situarse cercana al río, en la franja de terreno que queda entre los barrancos de San Antonio y de la Merced, en lo que posteriormente fue albácar de la alcazaba árabe y más tarde arrabal de la Alcallería. Estudios posteriores han situado a Arriaca en el triángulo formado por Usanos, Marchamalo y Fontanar. Existiese o no una Guadalajara romana, no ha quedado ninguna construcción romana" ([http://www.udc.es/dep/rta/WebEGA/PDFs/Grupo3/TRAL.pdf Fons PDF]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}).</ref> ([[Hispanice]] ''Guadalajara'' et ''Aurriaca''{{dubsig}}), est [[urbs]] [[Hispania]]e, [[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Provincia Guadalaxarae|provinciae Guadalaxarae]]. Urbs habet 78&thinsp;115 incolarum. ==Etymologia== [[Nomen proprium|Nomen]] ex Arabico واد الحجرة vel وادي الحجرة ''Wādī al-Ḥajara'' 'fluvius lapidum' deducitur. == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Castella]] [[Categoria:Urbes Hispaniae]] njc4huzpdf7fdty0ft8xthar03hafux Formula:Usor globalis 10 54957 3974873 3934790 2026-07-27T03:07:40Z Grufo 64423 Minora 3974873 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Capsa usoris | imago = Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg | color-sinister = #fff | color-dexter = #f6f6f6 | color-marginum = #bbb | propositum = {{{propositum|}}} | norma = {{{norma|}}} | dispositio = {{{dispositio|}}} | 1 = [[Special:CentralAuth/{{PAGENAME}}|{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|Hic usor|Haec ustrix|Haec ustrix usorve}}]] [[:m:Help:Unified login|conventum globalem]] habet; operam dat praecipue apud {{#switch:{{{2|}}} | commons = [[:commons:User:{{PAGENAME}}|Communia]] | meta = [[:meta:User:{{PAGENAME}}|Meta]] | wikt = [[:wikt:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}user:{{PAGENAME}}|Victionarium ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] | v = [[:v:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Viciversitatem ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|en}})]] | b = [[:b:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicilibros ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] | s = [[:s:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicifontem ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] | q = [[:q:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicicitationes ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|en}})]] | n = [[:n:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicinuntios ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|en}})]] | #default = [[:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicipaediam ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> s5mkbakorypqitzuemkzcx9cwgtvw80 3974874 3974873 2026-07-27T03:15:28Z Grufo 64423 3974874 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Capsa usoris | imago = Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg | color-sinister = #fff | color-dexter = #f6f6f6 | color-marginum = #bbb | propositum = {{{propositum|}}} | norma = {{{norma|}}} | dispositio = {{{dispositio|}}} | 1 = [[Special:CentralAuth/{{PAGENAME}}|{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|Hic usor|Haec ustrix|Haec ustrix usorve}}]] [[:m:Help:Unified login|conventum globalem]] habet; operam dat praecipue apud {{#switch:{{{2|}}} | w | = [[:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicipaediam ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] | commons = [[:commons:User:{{PAGENAME}}|Communia]] | meta = [[:meta:User:{{PAGENAME}}|Meta]] | wikt = [[:wikt:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}:}}user:{{PAGENAME}}|Victionarium ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] | v = [[:v:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Viciversitatem ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|en}})]] | b = [[:b:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicilibros ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] | s = [[:s:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicifontem ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] | q = [[:q:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicicitationes ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|en}})]] | n = [[:n:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicinuntios ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|en}})]] | #default = [[:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}:}}user:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicipaediam ({{{1|la}}})]] }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> nuh7eho1p7w609ko0thsih33io7dpe7 3974876 3974874 2026-07-27T03:20:10Z Grufo 64423 3974876 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Capsa usoris | imago = Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg | color-sinister = #fff | color-dexter = #f6f6f6 | color-marginum = #bbb | propositum = {{{propositum|}}} | norma = {{{norma|}}} | dispositio = {{{dispositio|}}} | 1 = [[Special:CentralAuth/{{PAGENAME}}|{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|Hic usor|Haec ustrix|Haec ustrix usorve}}]] [[:m:Help:Unified login|conventum globalem]] habet; operam dat praecipue apud {{#switch:{{{2|}}} | c | commons = [[:commons:User:{{PAGENAME}}|Communia]] | m | meta = [[:meta:User:{{PAGENAME}}|Meta]] | wikt = [[:wikt:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}:}}user:{{PAGENAME}}|Victionarium ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] | v = [[:v:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Viciversitatem ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|en}})]] | b = [[:b:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicilibros ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] | s = [[:s:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicifontem ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] | q = [[:q:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicicitationes ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|en}})]] | n = [[:n:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicinuntios ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|en}})]] | #default [[:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicipaediam ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> gkwnns4v8iog4359xtegjm1a0h4o9mg 3974877 3974876 2026-07-27T03:20:24Z Grufo 64423 3974877 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Capsa usoris | imago = Wikimedia logo family complete-current.svg | color-sinister = #fff | color-dexter = #f6f6f6 | color-marginum = #bbb | propositum = {{{propositum|}}} | norma = {{{norma|}}} | dispositio = {{{dispositio|}}} | 1 = [[Special:CentralAuth/{{PAGENAME}}|{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|Hic usor|Haec ustrix|Haec ustrix usorve}}]] [[:m:Help:Unified login|conventum globalem]] habet; operam dat praecipue apud {{#switch:{{{2|}}} | c | commons = [[:commons:User:{{PAGENAME}}|Communia]] | m | meta = [[:meta:User:{{PAGENAME}}|Meta]] | wikt = [[:wikt:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}:}}user:{{PAGENAME}}|Victionarium ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] | v = [[:v:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Viciversitatem ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|en}})]] | b = [[:b:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicilibros ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] | s = [[:s:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicifontem ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] | q = [[:q:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicicitationes ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|en}})]] | n = [[:n:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicinuntios ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|en}})]] | #default = [[:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}:}}User:{{PAGENAME}}|Vicipaediam ({{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|la}})]] }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> gawlxwjzjsk6zh3luh3idmitykaz1ow Shawn Johnson 0 58876 3974766 3726986 2026-07-26T14:22:01Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974766 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Shawn Johnson Olympics Vault.jpg|thumb|Shawn Johnson saltu confecto]] '''Shawn Machel Johnson''' (nata [[Monachopolis|Monachopoli]] [[Iova]]e die [[19 Ianuarii]] [[1992]]) est gymnasta [[CFA|Americana]], quattuor clipeis decorata in [[Olympia (certamina)|ludis Olympicis]] anni [[2008]], quorum [[clipeus argenteus|clipeum argenteum]] pro re omnium et [[clipeus aureus|clipeum aureum]] pro re trabis aequilibrii abstulit.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080818154553/http://results.beijing2008.cn/WRM/ENG/INF/GA/C92A/GAW024000.shtml "The Official Website of the Beijing Olympic Games"] ''Beijing2008.cn''. Die 15 Augusti 2008. Inventum 15 Augusti 2008</ref> Pro re omnium victrix mundalis erat anno [[2007]] ac victrix Americana annis [[2007]] et [[2008]]. == Vita == Johnson, cum nata esset cum summa [[Apgar]] 0, tamen brevi sanior facta est; ascripta a parentibus in gymnasio cum eam ascendentem suppelectilem viderint, sex annos nata se in primis gymnasio nuper a [[Qiao Liang]] instituto iunxit.<ref name="Guideposts">{{cite web | last = Johnson | first = Teri | title = My Gold Medal Girl | work = Family > Parenting Archive | publisher = Guideposts | date = 2008-08-08 | url = http://www.guidepostsmag.com/family/parenting-archive/?i=2865 | accessdate = 2008-08-25}}</ref> Quales plurimi electi gymnasti sunt, qui ad 40 horas in hebdomade se exercent et domesticos praeceptores habent, non talis Johnson est, quae ad 20 vel 25 horas in hebdomade se exercet et scholam publicam frequentat.<ref name="bio">{{cite web | title = Bio | work = Get to know Shawn | publisher = ShawnJohnson.net | date = 2008 | url = http://www.shawnjohnson.net/get_to_know/bio.aspx | accessdate = 2008-08-25}}</ref> == Curriculum == === Iunioris curriculum === Johnson, cum primum fieri Electa Iunior Inter Gentes conata est, rem bene gessit. Primum ab hominibus multibus animadversa est in "2005 U.S. Classic", in quo certamine tertia iunior fuit; at in Certamine Nationis Americano anno [[2005]], aegre certata, cadens et de trabe et in contabulatione, pro re omnium decima fuit. Anno [[2006]] autem, plus parata fuit, potiens [[Jaeger]] in re trabium iniquorum peragere atque etiam duo difficillimos: nam pro re trabis aequilibrii, bis retro verti et inter primum conversionem se simul torquere poterat; pro re contabulationis, bis retro verti dum se bis torqueret poterat. Victoriam iunior reportat, ampliorem summam habens quam amplissimam gymnastarum seniorum.<ref>{{cite web|last=Krider|first=Dave|title=Small wonder: Tiny gymnast Shawn Johnson making big waves at 14|publisher=CNN Sports Illustrated|date=2006-09-07|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2006/writers/dave_krider/09/06/hs.notebook/index.html|accessdate=2008-08-19}}</ref> === Senioris curriculum === ==== Anno 2007 ==== Anno [[2007]] Johnson gymnastica facta est senior, etiam peritior, potens bis verti recta dum se bis torqueret. In "Tyson American Cup" certans, superans sociam suam Natasha Kelley pro re omnium vicit. Johnson in "2007 Pan American Games" (certamine Americanorum omnium) etiam certata est, quattuor clipea aurea (pro re sociarum, re omnium, re trabis aequilibrii, ac re trabium iniquorum) et unum clipeum argenteum (pro re contabulationis) reportans. In Certamine Nationis Americano ("Visa") vicit Johnson pro re omnium cum summa plus 5 ampliori quam summa victricis bis prioris [[Nastia Liukin]] et plus 3 ampliori quam summa Shayla Worley. Cum sociis Nastia Liukin, Shayla Worley, Alicia Sacramone, Ivana Hong et Samantha Peszek, Johnson pro [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatibus Foederatae Americae]] in Certamine Inter Gentes certata; quae natio in re sociarum cum summa 184.400 vicit, 0.950 ampliori quam summa [[Res Publica Popularis Sinarum|Rei Publicae Popularis Sinarum]] (quae civitas secunda fuit). In ultimo certamine pro re sociarum, Johnson in omnibus apparatibus certata est. Pro re omnium, Yurchenko saltum se bis torquens complecta est, pro quo summam 15.175 accepit; pro re contabulationis, summam 15.425 accepit; pro re trabis aequilibrii, summam 15.900 accepit; pro re trabium iniquorum summam 15.375 accepit. Cum summa ultima 61.875 quatra gymnastica muliebris Americana clipeum aureum proportavit. Propter successum eius, Iovae gubernator [[Chet Culver]] diem [[17 Octobris]] esse "diem Shawn Johnson" in illa civitate pronuntiavit.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080224225149/http://www.usa-gymnastics.org/news/2007/oct17-07ShawnJohnsonDay.html October 17, 2007, is "Shawn Johnson Day" in Iowa]</ref><ref>[http://www.governor.iowa.gov/administration/newsletter/07-04-nov-dec/index.html ''One Iowa Report'' apud www.governor.iowa.gov]</ref> ==== 2008 Olympia Aestiva ==== [[Fasciculus:Shawn Johnson competes cropped.jpg|thumb|right|Johnson pro re contabulationis in ludis Olympicis anno [[2008]] certat.]] In certamine pro re sociarum ludorum Olympicorum anno 2008, Johnson in omnibus apparatibus certata est,<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.nbcolympics.com/gymnastics//resultsandschedules/rsc=GAW400101/index.html|title= Women's Team Final Rotation Breakdown|accessdate=2008-08-20 |work= Gymnastics|publisher= [[NBC]]|date= 2008-08-13}}</ref> in quo certamine Civitates Foederatae Americae clipeum argenteum acceperunt.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.nbcolympics.com/gymnastics//resultsandschedules/rsc=GAW400000/standings_team.html|title= Women's Team Final|accessdate=2008-08-20 |work= Gymnastics|publisher= [[NBC]]|date= 2008-08-13}}</ref> Johnson quoque argenteum pro re omnium cum summa 62.725 accepit;<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.nbcolympics.com/gymnastics/resultsandschedules/rsc=GAW024000/standings_allaround.html|title= Women's Individual All-Around |accessdate=2008-08-20 |work= Gymnastics|publisher= [[NBC]]|date= 2008-08-14}}</ref> socia suae ac contubernalis in Pago Olympico,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.desmoinesregister.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080809/SPORTS15/808090346|title=Olympics: Shawn Johnson and Nastia Liukin 1-2 punch in the quest for gymnastics gold|publisher=Des Moines Register|date=2008-08-09|author=Nancy Stockdale}}</ref> [[Nastia Liukin]], clipeum aureum accepit, ad summam 63.325 consecuta.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://results.beijing2008.cn/WRM/ENG/INF/GA/C73H/GAW024101.shtml#GAW024101|title= Results - All Around Women's Individual Final |publisher=The Beijing Organizing Committee for the Games of the XXIX Olympiad|date=2008-08-15|accessdate=2008-08-15|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20080818073019/http://results.beijing2008.cn/WRM/ENG/INF/GA/C73H/GAW024101.shtml#GAW024101|archivedate=2008-08-18}}</ref> In hoc certamine Civitates Foederatae Americae primae et clipeum aureum et argenteum acceperunt, id quod priusquam solum ter fecerat.<ref>{{cite web|last=Garcia |first=Marlen |url=http://www.usatoday.com/sports/olympics/beijing/gymnastics/2008-08-15-womens-allaround_N.htm |title= U.S. takes gold, silver in all-around |publisher= usatoday.com |date=2008-08-15 |accessdate=2008-08-15}}</ref> Pro re contabulationis aliud clipeum argenteum accipiens (aëneo a Liukin proportato), denique aureum pro re trabis aequilibrii abstulit.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.nbcolympics.com/gymnastics/resultsandschedules/rsc=GAW008101/index.html|title= Women's Beam — Final|accessdate=2008-08-20 |work= Gymnastics|publisher= [[NBC]]|date= 2008-08-19}}</ref> Sicut fuit in re omnium, et in re trabis aequilibrii Johnson et Liukin clipea aureum et argenta accepere.<ref>{{cite news |first= Alan|last= Abrahamson|title= Liukin and Johnson: New power pair |url= http://www.nbcolympics.com/gymnastics/news/newsid=235500.html#johnson+liukin+power+pair|work= Gymnastics|publisher= [[NBC]]|date= 2008-08-19|accessdate=2008-08-20}}</ref> == Summarium cursus == Sigla "n.c." significant "non (ad certamen ultimum) consecuta." === Senioris cursus === ==== Anno 2008 ==== {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! Annum ! Descriptio ! Locum ! Apparatus ! Statum (ultimum) ! Summa (ultima) ! Statum (prior) ! Summa (prior) |- | rowspan="11" | 2008 | rowspan="6" | In Ludis Olympicis | rowspan="6" | [[Pechinum|Pechini]] |Pro re omnium | bgcolor="silver" | 2° |62.725 |1° |62.725 |- |Pro re sociarum |bgcolor="silver" | 2° |186.525 |2° |246.800 |- |Pro re contabulationis |bgcolor="silver" | 2° |15.500 |3° |15.425 |- |Pro re trabis aequilibrii |bgcolor="gold" | 1° |16.225 |3° |15.975 |- |Pro re saltus |n.c. |n.c. |n.c. |16.000 (unum saltum) |- |Pro re trabium iniquorum |n.c. |n.c. |11° |15.325 |- | rowspan="4" | In Certamine Nationis Americano | rowspan="4" | [[Bostonia]]e |Pro re omnium | bgcolor="gold" | 1° | | | |- |Pro re contabulationis | bgcolor="gold" | 1° | | | |- |Pro re trabis aequilibrii | bgcolor="silver" | 2° | | | |- |Pro re trabium iniquorum | 5° | | | |- | "American Cup" | [[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]] | Pro re omnium | bgcolor="silver" | 2° | | | |- |} ==== Anno 2007 ==== {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! Annum ! Descriptio ! Locum ! Apparatus ! Statum (ultimum) ! Summa (ultima) ! Statum (prior) ! Summa (prior) |- |rowspan="15" | 2007 |rowspan="5" | In Certamine Inter Gentes |rowspan="5" | [[Stutgardia]]e |Pro re omnium |bgcolor="gold" | 1° | 61.750 | 3° | 61.200 |- |Pro re trabis aequilibrii || 8° ||14.475 || 3° || 16.250 |- |Pro re contabulationis |bgcolor="gold" | 1° | 15.250|| 4° || 15.150 |- |Pro re sociarum |bgcolor="gold" | 1° | 184.400 ||1°|| 245.025 |- |Pro re trabium iniquorum | | | 41° | 14.625 |- |rowspan="4" | In Certamine Nationis Americano |rowspan="4" | [[Sanctus Iosephus (California)|Sancti Iosephi]] | Pro re omnium | bgcolor="gold" | 1° | | | |- | Pro re trabis aequilibrii | bgcolor="gold" | 1° | | | |- | Pro re contabulationis | bgcolor="gold" | 1° | | | |- | Pro re trabium iniquorum | bgcolor="cc9966" | 3° | | | |- |rowspan="5" | "Pan American Games" |rowspan="5" | [[Urbs Fluminensis|Flumine Januarii]] | Pro re sociarum | bgcolor="gold" | 1° | | | |- | Pro re omnium | bgcolor="gold" | 1° | | | |- | Pro re trabium iniquorum | bgcolor="gold" | 1° | | | |- | Pro re trabis aequilibrii | bgcolor="gold" | 1° | | | |- | Pro re contabulationis |bgcolor="silver" | 2° | | | |- | "American Cup" || [[Iacsoniapolis|Jacsoniapoli]] | Pro re omnium | bgcolor="gold" | 1° | | | |- |} === Iunioris cursus === {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! Annum ! Descriptio ! Locum ! Apparatus ! Statum (ultimum) |- | rowspan="15" | 2006 | rowspan="5" | In Certamine Nationis Americano | rowspan="5" | [[Sanctus Paulus (Minnesota)|Sancti Pauli]] | Pro re omnium | bgcolor="gold" | 1° |- | Pro re saltus | bgcolor="gold" | 1° |- | Pro re trabis aequilibrii | bgcolor="gold" | 1° |- | Pro re contabulationis | bgcolor="gold" | 1° |- | Pro re trabium iniquorum |bgcolor="silver" | 2° |- | rowspan="5" | "Pan American Championships" | rowspan="5" | [[Gatineau]] in Quebeco | Pro re sociarum | bgcolor="gold" | 1° |- | Pro re trabis aequilibrii | bgcolor="gold" | 1° |- | Pro re omnium | bgcolor="gold" | 1° |- | Pro re trabium iniquorum | bgcolor="silver" | 2° |- | Pro re contabulationis | bgcolor="silver" | 2° |- | rowspan="5" | "Pacific Alliance Championships" | rowspan="5" | [[Honolulu]] | Pro re omnium | bgcolor="gold" | 1° |- | Pro re sociarum | bgcolor="gold" | 1° |- | Pro re saltus | bgcolor="gold" | 1° |- | Pro re contabulationis | bgcolor="gold" | 1° |- | Pro re trabis aequilibrii | bgcolor="silver" | 2° |- | rowspan="3" |2005 | rowspan="3" | In Certamine Nationis Americano |rowspan="3" | [[Indianapolis|Indianapoli]] | Pro re omnium | 10° |- | Pro re saltus | 4° |- | Pro re trabium iniquorum | 9° |- |} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Shawn Johnson|Shawn Johnson}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140110040634/http://www.shawnjohnson.net/ Situs officialis] {{DEFAULTSORT:Johnson, Shawn}} [[Categoria:Nati 1992]] [[Categoria:Homines vivi]] [[Categoria:Athletae Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Incolae Iovae]] [[Categoria:Gymnastici]] [[Categoria:Olympionicae]] [[Categoria:Mulieres]] o7v42gk526zejkt3l78ow0vu67xlw3u Beatrix Arthur 0 61230 3974852 2972585 2026-07-26T22:26:45Z Bartholomite 116968 3974852 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Bea Arthur 87.jpg|thumb|left|Beatrix Arthur, [[1987]].]] {{res|Beatrix Arthur}} (nata ''Bernice Frankel'' die [[13 Maii]] [[1922]] in [[Brooklyn]], [[Urbs Novum Eboracum|Urbe Novo Eboraco]], obiit die [[25 Aprilis]] [[2009]]) fuit [[actrix]] [[cantus|cantrix]] et [[comoedus|comoeda]] [[CFA|Americana]]. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Beatrice Arthur|Beatricem Arthur}} {{Fontes biographici}} * {{Imdb name|0037735|Beatrice Arthur}} {{bio-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1922|2009|Arthur, Beatrix}} [[Categoria:Actores Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Alumni Novae Scholae]] [[Categoria:Incolae Novi Eboraci]] 2dr8oy5mupih8nmre87gyrm1j74233h Shamian 0 68582 3974763 3961650 2026-07-26T14:17:24Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974763 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Our Lady of Lourdes Chapel.jpg|thumbnail|Cappella Nostrae Dominae Lapurdi in insula Shamian]] [[Fasciculus:ShaMianBuildings.JPG|thumbnail|Aedifica Europaea]] [[Fasciculus:GZ ShaMian bldgs women.jpg|thumbnail|Statuae mulierum Sinicarum antiquiorum et recentiorum]] '''Shamian''' ([[Sinice]] 沙面岛 ''Shāmiàn dǎo''; in linguis Europaeis olim ''Shameen'') est insula parva regionis [[Liwan (regio Guangzhou)|Liwan]] [[Quancheum|Quanchei]] sive Cantonis [[Sinae|Sinarum]]. [[Saeculum 19|Saeculo XIX]] haec insula fuit emporium mercatorum peregrinorum in duas partes divisum, una [[Francia|Francicis]] attributa, altera [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britannicis]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20031204113016/http://www.dpeters2.com/adopt/shamian.html Forma insulae] * [http://www.greatmirror.com/index.cfm?countryid=129&chapterid=1110&picturesize=medium Imagines insulae] * "[http://www.willysthomas.net/Shamian.Guangzhou.htm An American in China: 1936-39]" (de emporio Shamian) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081229013338/http://www.howardscott.net/4/Shameen_A_Colonial_Heritage/Files/Journal.html De historia coloniali] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110723145020/http://www.howardscott.net/4/Shameen_A_Colonial_Heritage/Files/Documentation/Architect%20Notes%20Shameen.pdf Forma insulae] == Bibliographia == * Hilary du Cros, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20120218130841/http://sajth.com/02%20Indian%20JHT_Hilary%20du%20Cros.pdf Issues for Developing National Heritage Protection Areas for Tourism: a case study from China]" in ''South Asian Journal of Development and Tourism'' vol. 1 no. 1 (2008) {{Urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Urbes Sericae]] [[Categoria:Imperium Britannicum]] [[Categoria:Imperium Francicum]] [[Categoria:Emporia extraterritorialia]] [[Categoria:Quantunia]] 2kg0xh5uq21p5ajvvnybjo65j8zcnpk Sindes 0 72067 3974799 3194188 2026-07-26T16:46:56Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974799 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Karte Gemeinde Sent 2009.png|thumb|Sindei collocatio]] [[Fasciculus: Sent2.jpg|thumb|Sindes]] ''' Sindes ''' <ref>Cfr. {{LHH|1531|Sent}}</ref> ([[Germanice]] '' Sins '', [[Romancice]] ''Sent'') est vicus [[Helvetia|Helveticus]] 878 incolarum (anno 2007) qui ad pagum [[Grisonia]]m pertinet. == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Sent|Sindes}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220402080512/http://www.sent-online.ch/ Pagina officialis] * {{LHH|1531|Sent}} == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references /></div> {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia Helvetiae]] [[Categoria:Grisonia]] 94e30r7a3s35xn9oilcaxkbzh1tijkk Surditas 0 75192 3974887 3707732 2026-07-27T03:46:11Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974887 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L}} [[Fasciculus:Tidens naturlære fig40.png|thumb|[[Auris]] humanae sectionis adumbratio partes monstrans, quae perditae aut impeditae '''surditatem''' producunt]] [[Fasciculus:International Symbol for Deafness.jpg|thumb|Symbolum internationale '''surditatis''']] '''Surditas''' vel '''debilitas auditoria''' vel '''debilitas auditus''' est [[morbus]] ac condicio corporis, ob quam [[auditus]] seu partim seu totaliter impeditur. [[Homo|Homines]] et alia [[animalia]], quae surditate laborant, aliquas [[sonus|sonorum]] [[frequentia]]s, quae a membris earundem [[species (taxinomia)|specierum]] usitate audiri possunt, omnino aut partim invenire vel sentire non possunt.<ref name="def1">{{cite web|url=http://www.oafccd.com/factshee/fact59.htm|title=Speech and Language Terms and Abbreviations|accessdate=2006-12-02}}</ref> [[Sonus|Soni undae]] [[amplitudo|amplitudine]] et [[frequentia]] inter se discrepant. Amplitudo est maximum pressionis incrementum [[unda]]e; frequentia est crebritas undarum in tempore. Amissio facultatis frequentias quasdam decernendi, vel sonos amplitudine demissa decernendi, est surditas. Surditatem efficiunt [[genetica|defectus genetici]], [[strepitus]] altae amplitudinis, et varii morbi sicut [[morbillus]], [[meningitis]], morbi rheumatici, [[parotitis epidemica]], [[presbyacusis]], [[SIDA]], [[chlamydia]]e, [[syphilis]], et [[otosclerosis]]. Communicant homines surdi per [[litterae|litteras]] scriptas, per [[linguae gesticulatoriae|linguam digitorum]], vel per loquendum, sed inter se non loquuntur. Surdi praelinguales saepe et [[mutitas|muti]] sunt, sed linguarum gesticulatoriarum causa negant se mutos esse. Est [[cultura surditatis]] inter homines, qui eandem linguam digitorum habent; [[Universitas Gallaudet]], [[Vasingtonia]]e, hanc [[cultura]]m fovet. <!--The severity of hearing loss is measured by the degree of loudness, as measured in decibels, a sound must attain before being detected by an individual. Hearing loss may be ranked as mild, moderate, severe or profound. It is quite common for someone to have more than one degree of hearing loss (i.e. mild sloping to severe). The following list shows the rankings and their corresponding decibel ranges: * Mild: o for adults: between 25 and 40 dB o for children: between 20 and 40 dB * Moderate: between 41 and 55 dB * Moderately severe: between 56 and 70 dB * Severe: between 71 and 90 dB * Profound: 90 dB or greater The quietest sound one can hear at different frequencies is plotted on an audiogram to reflect one's ability to hear at different frequencies. The range of normal human hearing (from the softest audible sound to the loudest comfortable sound) is so great that the audiogram must be plotted using a logarithmic scale. This large normal range, and the different amounts of hearing loss at different frequencies, make it virtually impossible to accurately describe the amount of hearing loss in simple terms such as percentages or the rankings above. Measuring hearing loss in terms of a percentage is debatable in terms of effectiveness, and has been compared to measuring weight in inches. Though in specific legal situations, where decibels of loss are converted via a recognized legal formula, one can infer a standardized "percentage of hearing loss" which is suitable for legal purposes only. Another method for determining hearing loss, is the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT). HINT technology was developed by the House Ear Institute, and is intended to measure an ability to understand speech in quiet and noisy environments. Unlike pure-tone tests, where only one ear is tested at a time, HINT evaluates hearing using both ears simultaneously (binaural), as binaural hearing is essential for communication in noisy environments, and for sound localization. Hearing sensitivity is indicated by the quietest sound that an individual can detect, called the hearing threshold. In the case of people and some animals, this threshold can be accurately measured by a behavioral audiogram. A record is made of the quietest sound that consistently prompts a response from the listener. The test is carried out for sounds of different frequencies. There are also electro-physiological tests that can be performed without requiring a behavioral response. Normal hearing thresholds are not the same for all frequencies in any species of animal. If different frequencies of sound are played at the same amplitude, some will be loud, and others quiet or even completely inaudible. Generally, if the gain or amplitude is increased, a sound is more likely to be perceived. Ordinarily, when animals use sound to communicate, hearing in that type of animal is most sensitive for the frequencies produced by calls, or, in the case of humans, speech. This tuning of hearing exists at many levels of the auditory system, all the way from the physical characteristics of the ear to the nerves and tracts that convey the nerve impulses of the auditory portion of the brain. A hearing impairment exists when an individual is not sensitive to the sounds normally heard by its kind. In human beings, the term hearing impairment is usually reserved for people who have relative insensitivity to sound in the speech frequencies. The severity of a hearing impairment is categorized according to how much louder a sound must be made over the usual levels before the listener can detect it. In profound deafness, even the loudest sounds that can be produced by the instrument used to measure hearing (audiometer) may not be detected. There is another aspect to hearing that involves the quality of a sound rather than amplitude. In people, that aspect is usually measured by tests of speech discrimination. Basically, these tests require that the sound is not only detected but understood. There are very rare types of hearing impairments which affect discrimination alone.[2] Genetic Hearing loss can be inherited. Both dominant genes and recessive genes exist which can cause mild to profound impairment. If a family has a dominant gene for deafness it will persist across generations because it will manifest itself in the offspring even if it is inherited from only one parent. If a family had genetic hearing impairment caused by a recessive gene it will not always be apparent as it will have to be passed onto offspring from both parents. Dominant and recessive hearing impairment can be syndromic or nonsyndromic. Recent gene mapping has identified dozens of nonsyndromic dominant (DFNA#) and recessive (DFNB#) forms of deafness. * The most common type of congenital hearing impairment in developed countries is DFNB1, also known as Connexin 26 deafness or GJB2-related deafness. * The most common dominant syndromic forms of hearing impairment include Stickler syndrome and Waardenburg syndrome. * The most common recessive syndromic forms of hearing impairment are Pendred syndrome, Large vestibular aqueduct syndrome and Usher syndrome. * The congenital defect microtia can cause full or partial deafness depending upon the severity of the deformity and whether or not certain parts of the inner or middle ear are affected. [edit] Disease or illness * Measles may result in auditory nerve damage * Meningitis may damage the auditory nerve or the cochlea * Autoimmune disease has only recently been recognized as a potential cause for cochlear damage. Although probably rare, it is possible for autoimmune processes to target the cochlea specifically, without symptoms affecting other organs.Wegener's granulomatosis is one of the autoimmune conditions that may precipitate hearing loss. * Mumps (Epidemic parotitis) may result in profound sensorineural hearing loss(90 Decibel|dB or more), unilateral (one ear) or bilateral (both ears). * Presbycusis is a progressive hearing impairment accompanying age, typically affecting sensitivity to higher frequencies (above about 2 kHz). * Adenoids that do not disappear by adolescence may continue to grow and may obstruct the Eustachian tube, causing conductive hearing impairment and nasal infections that can spread to the middle ear. * AIDS and AIDS-related complex|ARC patients frequently experience auditory system anomalies. * HIV (and subsequent opportunistic infections) may directly affect the cochlea and central auditory system. * Chlamydia may cause hearing loss in newborns to whom the disease has been passed at birth. * Fetal alcohol syndrome is reported to cause hearing loss in up to 64% of infants born to alcoholic mothers, from the ototoxic effect on the developing fetus plus malnutrition during pregnancy from the excess alcohol intake. * Premature birth results in sensorineural hearing loss approximately 5% of the time. * Syphilis is commonly transmitted from pregnant women to their fetuses, and about a third of the infected children will eventually become deaf. * Otosclerosis is a hardening of the stapes (or stirrup) in the middle ear and causes conductive hearing loss. * Superior canal dehiscence, a gap in the bone cover above the inner ear, can lead to low-frequency conductive hearing loss, autophony and vertigo [edit] ==noise== Populations of people living near airports or freeways are exposed to levels of noise typically in the 65 to 75 dB(A) range. If lifestyles include significant outdoor or open window conditions, these exposures over time can degrade hearing. The U.S. EPA and various states have set noise standards to protect people from these adverse health risks. The EPA has identified the level of 70 dB(A) for 24 hour exposure as the level necessary to protect the public from hearing loss and other disruptive effects from noise, such as sleep disturbance, stress-related problems, learning detriment, etc. (EPA, 1974). Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) typically is centered at 3000, 4000, or 6000 Hz. As noise damage progresses, damage starts affecting lower and higher frequencies. On an audiogram, the resulting configuration has a distinctive notch, sometimes referred to as a "noise notch." As aging and other effects contribute to higher frequency loss (6–8 kHz on an audiogram), this notch may be obscured and entirely disappear. Louder sounds cause damage in a shorter period of time. Estimation of a "safe" duration of exposure is possible using an exchange rate of 3 dB. As 3 dB represents a doubling of intensity of sound, duration of exposure must be cut in half to maintain the same energy dose. For example, the "safe" daily exposure amount at 85 dB A, known as an exposure action value, is 8 hours, while the "safe" exposure at 91 dB(A) is only 2 hours (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1998). Note that for some people, sound may be damaging at even lower levels than 85 dB A. Exposures to other ototoxins (such as pesticides, some medications including chemotherapy, solvents, etc.) can lead to greater susceptibility to noise damage, as well as causing their own damage. This is called a synergistic interaction. Some American health and safety agencies (such as OSHA and MSHA), use an exchange rate of 5 dB. While this exchange rate is simpler to use, it drastically underestimates the damage caused by very loud noise. For example, at 115 dB, a 3 dB exchange rate would limit exposure to about half a minute; the 5 dB exchange rate allows 15 minutes. --> == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references/></div> == Bibliographia == * United States Environmental Protection Agency<!-- press release,--> 2 Aprilis 1974 {{NexInt}} *[[Aphasiologia]] *[[Dies mundialis auditionis]] *[[Cultura surdorum]] *[[Instrumentum auditorium]] *[[Mutitas]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Hearing impairment|surditatem}} * [http://www.american-hearing.org/ "American Hearing Research Foundation,"] apud situm american-hearing.org * [https://web.archive.org/web/20091023073555/http://www.afds.org.au/ "Australian Federation of Deaf Societies,"] apud situm afds.org.au * [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&part=deafness-overview GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW "Deafness and Hereditary Hearing Loss Overview,"] apud situm ncbi.nlm.nih.gov * [http://hearingloss.org/ "Hearing Loss Association of America,"] apud situm hearingloss.org * [http://www.direct.gov.uk/disability "Directgov disabled people,"] apud situm direct.gov.uk * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190926030004/http://ifhohyp.org/ "International Federation of Hard Of Hearing Young People,"] apud situm ifhohyp.org * [http://www.nad.org/ "National Association of the Deaf,"] apud situm nad.org * [https://web.archive.org/web/20091112010908/http://wwwn.cdc.gov/niosh-sound-vibration/default.aspx "NIOSH Power Tools Database,"] apud situm cdc.gov * [http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/programs/hlp/goals.html "NIOSH Hearing Loss Prevention Strategic Goals,] apud situm cdc.gov * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100112044925/http://www.library.nhs.uk/ent/ "Specialist Library for ENT and Audiology,"] apud situm library.nhs.uk * [http://www.stopcmv.com "Stop CMV—The CMV Action Network,"] apud situm stopcmv.com * [http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs300/en/ "World Health Organization fact sheet on deafness and hearing impairment,"] apud situm who.int [[Categoria:Medicina]] [[Categoria:Auditus]] [[Categoria:Auris]] [[Categoria:Surditas]] [[Categoria:Communicatio]] {{1000 paginae}} [[sl:Slušna prizadetost#Okvara sluha]] {{Myrias|Biologia}} rpg0aefbafakis2xy6g8xijt75t6uxs Cocainum 0 78099 3974800 3735321 2026-07-26T16:59:29Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3974800 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Cocaine.svg|thumb|upright=1|Cocaini [[formula chemica]].]] '''Cocainum''',<ref>[http://system-sat.de/cocainum.htm Cocainum hydrochloricum] {{ling|Germanice}}</ref> sive '''cocaina''', est substantia [[chemica]] [[psychotropicum|psychotropica]] quae homines non iam sui iuris facere potest, ita ut aegri fiant. E [[planta|plantis]] ''[[Erythroxylum coca]]'' et ''[[Erythroxylum novogranatense]]'' extrahitur. [[Georgius Trakl]] cocainum ut medium [[mors voluntaria|mortis voluntariae]] usus est. == Effectus pharmacologici == Cocainum per inhibitionem reabsorptionis [[noradrenalinum|noradrenalini]] effectus sympathomimeticos stimulat,<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Lamarre N. S., Raffa R. B., Tallarida R. J. |title=Cocaine synergism with α agonists in rat aorta: computational analysis reveals an action beyond reuptake inhibition |journal=Drug Alcohol Depend |year=[[2013]] |volume=129 |issue=3 |pages=226-31 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3612562/}}.</ref> nimirum periculosos effectus cardiacos, ut [[arrhytmia cardialis|arrythmias]] seu [[infarctus cordis]] notari possunt.<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Knuepfer M. M. |title=Cardiovascular disorders associated with cocaine use: myths and truths |journal=Pharmacol Ther |year=[[2003]] |volume=97 |issue=3 |pages=181-222 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12576134}}.</ref> Etiam reabsorptio [[neurotransmissor]]um [[dopaminum|dopamini]] et [[serotoninum|serotonini]] inhibita est. Praeterea receptoria adrenergica alpha stimulantur, ita tachycardiae et arrhythmiae observantur. Praeterea cocainum [[vasoconstrictor]] est vasorum cerebri.<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Kaufman M. J., Levin J. M., Ross M. H., Lange N., Rose S. L., Kukes T. J., Mendelson J. H., Lukas S. E., Cohen B. M., Renshaw P. F. |title=Cocaine-induced cerebral vasoconstriction detected in humans with magnetic resonance angiography |journal=JAMA |year=[[1998]] |volume=279 |issue=5 |pages=376-80 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9459471/}}.</ref> == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Nucleus accumbens]] == Nexus externi == *[http://abchomeopathy.com/r.php/Cocain-m Cocainum muriaticum] {{ling|Anglice}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120510141919/http://www.homeopathyandmore.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=487 Cocainum hydrochloricum] {{ling|Anglice}} [[Categoria:Anorectica]] [[Categoria:Euphoriantia]] [[Categoria:Inventiones Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Psychotropica]] [[Categoria:Vasoconstrictores]] {{Myrias|Physica}} gqitemo933y58yc70kk0d1dzeyqg3o8 3974802 3974800 2026-07-26T17:08:25Z Grufo 64423 +fons nominis 3974802 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Cocaine.svg|thumb|upright=1|Cocaini [[formula chemica]].]] {{res|Cocainum}},<ref>[http://system-sat.de/cocainum.htm Cocainum hydrochloricum] {{ling|Germanice}}</ref> sive {{res|cocaina}},<ref>De nomine {{*cfr}}: {{Opus | omnes auctores aliique = ANL | titulus = Vasintonia maxime cocainae prona | annus = 2009 | domus editoria = Ephemeris | url = http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/archi2009/nuntius1.php?id=670 | tempus inspectionis = 2026-07-26 }}.</ref> est substantia [[chemica]] [[psychotropicum|psychotropica]] quae homines non iam sui iuris facere potest, ita ut aegri fiant. E [[planta|plantis]] ''[[Erythroxylum coca]]'' et ''[[Erythroxylum novogranatense]]'' extrahitur. [[Georgius Trakl]] cocainum ut medium [[mors voluntaria|mortis voluntariae]] usus est. == Effectus pharmacologici == Cocainum per inhibitionem reabsorptionis [[noradrenalinum|noradrenalini]] effectus sympathomimeticos stimulat,<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Lamarre N. S., Raffa R. B., Tallarida R. J. |title=Cocaine synergism with α agonists in rat aorta: computational analysis reveals an action beyond reuptake inhibition |journal=Drug Alcohol Depend |year=[[2013]] |volume=129 |issue=3 |pages=226-31 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3612562/}}.</ref> nimirum periculosos effectus cardiacos, ut [[arrhytmia cardialis|arrythmias]] seu [[infarctus cordis]] notari possunt.<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Knuepfer M. M. |title=Cardiovascular disorders associated with cocaine use: myths and truths |journal=Pharmacol Ther |year=[[2003]] |volume=97 |issue=3 |pages=181-222 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12576134}}.</ref> Etiam reabsorptio [[neurotransmissor]]um [[dopaminum|dopamini]] et [[serotoninum|serotonini]] inhibita est. Praeterea receptoria adrenergica alpha stimulantur, ita tachycardiae et arrhythmiae observantur. Praeterea cocainum [[vasoconstrictor]] est vasorum cerebri.<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Kaufman M. J., Levin J. M., Ross M. H., Lange N., Rose S. L., Kukes T. J., Mendelson J. H., Lukas S. E., Cohen B. M., Renshaw P. F. |title=Cocaine-induced cerebral vasoconstriction detected in humans with magnetic resonance angiography |journal=JAMA |year=[[1998]] |volume=279 |issue=5 |pages=376-80 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9459471/}}.</ref> == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Nucleus accumbens]] == Nexus externi == *[http://abchomeopathy.com/r.php/Cocain-m Cocainum muriaticum] {{ling|Anglice}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120510141919/http://www.homeopathyandmore.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=487 Cocainum hydrochloricum] {{ling|Anglice}} [[Categoria:Anorectica]] [[Categoria:Euphoriantia]] [[Categoria:Inventiones Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Psychotropica]] [[Categoria:Vasoconstrictores]] {{Myrias|Physica}} pj9qw3pcathjjztpug2w4akvhk3pnkj Ternobum (provincia) 0 108266 3974931 2448987 2026-07-27T10:32:10Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974931 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Oblast Veliko Tarnovo.png|thumb|200 px|Collocatio provinciae in Bulgaria est]] ''' Ternobum ''' ([[Bulgarice]] '' Област Велико Търново , Oblast Veliko Tarnovo'') est una viginti octo [[Bulgaria]]e provinciarum. Urbs ''[[Ternobum|eiusdem nominis]]'' est caput huius provinciae, cui 293172 incolarum sunt. == Nexus externus == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100127104453/http://www.vt.government.bg/ Pagina officialis] {{geo-stipula}} {{Provinciae Bulgariae}} [[Categoria:Provinciae Bulgariae]] 7z0osu6glnyycuxog67x5hpi85buj59 Index communium praefecturae Matronae 0 122942 3974934 2864824 2026-07-27T10:33:39Z Pippobuono 54500 nomen latine 3974934 wikitext text/x-wiki Hic est index communium [[Matrona (praefectura Franciae)|Matronae]], praefecturae [[Francia|Francicae]], cui subsunt communia 620 numero. [[Fasciculus:Marne-Position.png|thumb|Situs praefecturae]] [[Fasciculus:Reims Hotel de ville 2010.jpg|thumb|[[ Durocortorum|Durocortori]]: municipium]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]] ! [[Numerus cursualis]] ! [[Commune]] |- | 51001 | 51240 | [[Ablancourt]] |- | 51003 | 51150 | [[Aigny]] |- | 51004 | 51260 | [[Allemanche-Launay-et-Soyer]] |- | 51005 | 51120 | [[Allemant (Matrona)|Allemant]] |- | 51006 | 51250 | [[Alliancelles]] |- | 51007 | 51150 | [[Ambonnay]] |- | 51008 | 51290 | [[Ambrières]] |- | 51009 | 51260 | [[Anglure]] |- | 51010 | 51230 | [[Angluzelles-et-Courcelles]] |- | 51012 | 51700 | [[Anthenay]] |- | 51013 | 51170 | [[Aougny]] |- | 51014 | 51170 | [[Arcis-le-Ponsart]] |- | 51015 | 51800 | [[Argers]] |- | 51016 | 51290 | [[Arrigny]] |- | 51017 | 51290 | [[Arzillières-Neuville]] |- | 51018 | 51150 | [[Athis (Matrona)|Athis]] |- | 51019 | 51600 | [[Aubérive]] |- | 51020 | 51170 | [[Aubilly]] |- | 51022 | 51240 | [[Aulnay-l'Aître]] |- | 51023 | 51150 | [[Aulnay-sur-Marne]] |- | 51025 | 51110 | [[Auménancourt]] |- | 51027 | 51800 | [[Auve]] |- | 51028 | 51160 | [[Avenniacum]] |- | 51029 | 51190 | [[Avize]] |- | 51030 | 51160 | [[Ageium]] |- | 51031 | 51400 | [[Baconnes]] |- | 51032 | 51260 | [[Bagneux (Matrona)|Bagneux]] |- | 51033 | 51270 | [[Le Baizil]] |- | 51034 | 51270 | [[Bannay (Matrona)|Bannay]] |- | 51035 | 51230 | [[Bannes (Matrona)|Bannes]] |- | 51036 | 51120 | [[Barbonne-Fayel]] |- | 51037 | 51170 | [[Baslieux-lès-Fismes]] |- | 51038 | 51700 | [[Baslieux-sous-Châtillon]] |- | 51039 | 51300 | [[Bassu]] |- | 51040 | 51300 | [[Bassuet]] |- | 51041 | 51260 | [[Baudement]] |- | 51042 | 51270 | [[Baye (Matrona)|Baye]] |- | 51043 | 51110 | [[Bazancourt (Matrona)|Bazancourt]] |- | 51044 | 51360 | [[Beaumont-sur-Vesle]] |- | 51045 | 51270 | [[Beaunay]] |- | 51046 | 51490 | [[Beine-Nauroy]] |- | 51047 | 51330 | [[Belval-en-Argonne]] |- | 51048 | 51480 | [[Belval-sous-Châtillon]] |- | 51049 | 51130 | [[Bergères-lès-Vertus]] |- | 51050 | 51210 | [[Bergères-sous-Montmirail]] |- | 51051 | 51220 | [[Berméricourt]] |- | 51052 | 51420 | [[Berru]] |- | 51053 | 51800 | [[Berzieux]] |- | 51054 | 51490 | [[Bétheniville]] |- | 51055 | 51450 | [[Bétheny]] <small><sup>(CAR)</sup></small> |- | 51056 | 51260 | [[Bethon]] |- | 51057 | 51330 | [[Bettancourt-la-Longue]] |- | 51058 | 51430 | [[Bezannes]] <small><sup>(CAR)</sup></small> |- | 51059 | 51300 | [[Bignicourt-sur-Marne]] |- | 51060 | 51340 | [[Bignicourt-sur-Saulx]] |- | 51061 | 51400 | [[Billy-le-Grand]] |- | 51062 | 51800 | [[Binarville]] |- | 51063 | 51700 | [[Binson-et-Orquigny]] |- | 51064 | 51150 | [[Bisseuil]] |- | 51065 | 51300 | [[Blacy (Matrona)|Blacy]] |- | 51066 | 51300 | [[Blaise-sous-Arzillières]] |- | 51068 | 51340 | [[Blesme]] |- | 51069 | 51170 | [[Bligny (Matrona)|Bligny]] |- | 51070 | 51210 | [[Boissy-le-Repos]] |- | 51071 | 51310 | [[Bouchy-Saint-Genest]] |- | 51072 | 51390 | [[Bouilly (Matrona)|Bouilly]] |- | 51073 | 51170 | [[Bouleuse]] |- | 51074 | 51110 | [[Boult-sur-Suippe]] |- | 51075 | 51110 | [[Bourgogne (Matrona)|Bourgogne]] |- | 51076 | 51480 | [[Boursault]] |- | 51077 | 51140 | [[Bouvancourt]] |- | 51078 | 51400 | [[Bouy]] |- | 51079 | 51150 | [[Bouzy]] |- | 51080 | 51290 | [[Brandonvillers]] |- | 51081 | 51140 | [[Branscourt]] |- | 51082 | 51800 | [[Braux-Sainte-Cohière]] |- | 51083 | 51800 | [[Braux-Saint-Remy]] |- | 51084 | 51320 | [[Bréban]] |- | 51086 | 51140 | [[Breuil (Matrona)|Breuil]] |- | 51085 | 51210 | [[Le Breuil (Matrona)|Le Breuil]] |- | 51087 | 51240 | [[Breuvery-sur-Coole]] |- | 51088 | 51220 | [[Brimont]] |- | 51089 | 51170 | [[Brouillet]] |- | 51090 | 51230 | [[Broussy-le-Grand]] |- | 51091 | 51230 | [[Broussy-le-Petit]] |- | 51092 | 51120 | [[Broyes (Matrona)|Broyes]] |- | 51093 | 51530 | [[Brugny-Vaudancourt]] |- | 51094 | 51300 | [[Brusson (Matrona)|Brusson]] |- | 51095 | 51300 | [[Le Buisson (Matrona)|Le Buisson]] |- | 51097 | 51600 | [[Bussy-le-Château]] |- | 51098 | 51330 | [[Bussy-le-Repos (Matrona)|Bussy-le-Repos]] |- | 51099 | 51320 | [[Bussy-Lettrée]] |- | 51100 | 51270 | [[La Caure]] |- | 51101 | 51110 | [[Caurel (Matrona)|Caurel]] |- | 51102 | 51220 | [[Cauroy-lès-Hermonville]] |- | 51103 | 51260 | [[La Celle-sous-Chantemerle]] |- | 51104 | 51800 | [[Cernay-en-Dormois]] |- | 51105 | 51420 | [[Cernay-lès-Reims]] |- | 51106 | 51240 | [[Cernon (Matrona)|Cernon]] |- | 51107 | 51130 | [[Chaintrix-Bierges]] |- | 51108 | 51000 | [[Durocatalaunum]] |- | 51109 | 51140 | [[Châlons-sur-Vesle]] |- | 51110 | 51130 | [[Chaltrait]] |- | 51111 | 51170 | [[Chambrecy]] |- | 51112 | 51500 | [[Chamery]] |- | 51113 | 51270 | [[Champaubert]] |- | 51115 | 51500 | [[Champfleury (Matrona)|Champfleury]] |- | 51116 | 51310 | [[Champguyon]] |- | 51117 | 51150 | [[Champigneul-Champagne]] |- | 51118 | 51370 | [[Champigny (Matrona)|Champigny]] |- | 51119 | 51160 | [[Champillon]] |- | 51120 | 51480 | [[Champlat-et-Boujacourt]] |- | 51121 | 51700 | [[Champvoisy]] |- | 51122 | 51300 | [[Changy (Matrona)|Changy]] |- | 51124 | 51260 | [[Chantemerle]] |- | 51125 | 51290 | [[Chapelaine]] |- | 51126 | 51800 | [[La Chapelle-Felcourt]] |- | 51127 | 51260 | [[La Chapelle-Lasson]] |- | 51128 | 51270 | [[La Chapelle-sous-Orbais]] |- | 51129 | 51120 | [[Charleville (Matrona)|Charleville]] |- | 51130 | 51330 | [[Charmont (Matrona)|Charmont]] |- | 51132 | 51330 | [[Les Charmontois]] |- | 51133 | 51330 | [[Le Châtelier]] |- | 51134 | 51300 | [[Châtelraould-Saint-Louvent]] |- | 51135 | 51290 | [[Châtillon-sur-Broué]] |- | 51136 | 51700 | [[Châtillon-sur-Marne]] |- | 51137 | 51310 | [[Châtillon-sur-Morin]] |- | 51138 | 51800 | [[Châtrices]] |- | 51139 | 51800 | [[Chaudefontaine (Matrona)|Chaudefontaine]] |- | 51140 | 51170 | [[Chaumuzy]] |- | 51141 | 51240 | [[La Chaussée-sur-Marne]] |- | 51142 | 51530 | [[Chavot-Courcourt]] |- | 51143 | 51800 | [[Le Chemin]] |- | 51144 | 51250 | [[Cheminon]] |- | 51145 | 51140 | [[Chenay (Matrona)|Chenay]] |- | 51146 | 51510 | [[Cheniers]] |- | 51147 | 51600 | [[La Cheppe]] |- | 51148 | 51240 | [[Cheppes-la-Prairie]] |- | 51149 | 51240 | [[Chepy]] |- | 51150 | 51150 | [[Cherville]] |- | 51151 | 51120 | [[Chichey]] |- | 51152 | 51500 | [[Chigny-les-Roses]] |- | 51153 | 51530 | [[Chouilly]] |- | 51154 | 51130 | [[Clamanges]] |- | 51155 | 51260 | [[Clesles]] |- | 51156 | 51300 | [[Cloyes-sur-Marne]] |- | 51157 | 51270 | [[Coizard-Joches]] |- | 51160 | 51510 | [[Compertrix]] |- | 51161 | 51150 | [[Condé-sur-Marne]] |- | 51162 | 51260 | [[Conflans-sur-Seine]] |- | 51163 | 51270 | [[Congy]] |- | 51164 | 51230 | [[Connantray-Vaurefroy]] |- | 51165 | 51230 | [[Connantre]] |- | 51166 | 51330 | [[Contault]] |- | 51167 | 51320 | [[Coole (Matrona)|Coole]] |- | 51168 | 51510 | [[Coolus]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51169 | 51320 | [[Corbeil (Matrona)|Corbeil]] |- | 51170 | 51210 | [[Corfélix]] |- | 51171 | 51220 | [[Cormicy]] |- | 51172 | 51350 | [[Cormontreuil]] <small><sup>(CAR)</sup></small> |- | 51173 | 51480 | [[Cormoyeux]] |- | 51174 | 51270 | [[Corribert]] |- | 51175 | 51210 | [[Corrobert]] |- | 51176 | 51230 | [[Corroy (Matrona)|Corroy]] |- | 51177 | 51390 | [[Coulommes-la-Montagne]] |- | 51178 | 51240 | [[Coupetz]] |- | 51179 | 51240 | [[Coupéville]] |- | 51181 | 51140 | [[Courcelles-Sapicourt]] |- | 51182 | 51260 | [[Courcemain]] |- | 51183 | 51220 | [[Courcy (Matrona)|Courcy]] |- | 51184 | 51300 | [[Courdemanges]] |- | 51185 | 51310 | [[Courgivaux]] |- | 51186 | 51270 | [[Courjeonnet]] |- | 51187 | 51170 | [[Courlandon]] |- | 51188 | 51390 | [[Courmas]] |- | 51190 | 51480 | [[Courtagnon]] |- | 51191 | 51800 | [[Courtémont]] |- | 51192 | 51700 | [[Courthiézy]] |- | 51193 | 51460 | [[Courtisols]] |- | 51194 | 51170 | [[Courville (Matrona)|Courville]] |- | 51195 | 51300 | [[Couvrot]] |- | 51196 | 51530 | [[Cramant]] |- | 51197 | 51600 | [[La Croix-en-Champagne]] |- | 51198 | 51170 | [[Crugny]] |- | 51199 | 51480 | [[Cuchery]] |- | 51200 | 51530 | [[Cuis]] |- | 51201 | | [[Cuisles]] |- | 51202 | 51480 | [[Cumières]] |- | 51203 | 51400 | [[Cuperly]] |- | 51204 | 51480 | [[Damery (Matrona)|Damery]] |- | 51205 | 51400 | [[Dampierre-au-Temple]] |- | 51206 | 51330 | [[Dampierre-le-Château]] |- | 51208 | 51240 | [[Dampierre-sur-Moivre]] |- | 51210 | 51530 | [[Dizy (Matrona)|Dizy]] |- | 51211 | 51800 | [[Dommartin-Dampierre]] |- | 51212 | 51320 | [[Dommartin-Lettrée]] |- | 51213 | 51800 | [[Dommartin-sous-Hans]] |- | 51214 | 51330 | [[Dommartin-Varimont]] |- | 51215 | 51300 | [[Dompremy]] |- | 51216 | 51490 | [[Dontrien]] |- | 51217 | 51700 | [[Dormans]] |- | 51219 | 51290 | [[Drosnay]] |- | 51220 | 51300 | [[Drouilly]] |- | 51222 | 51800 | [[Éclaires]] |- | 51223 | 51290 | [[Écollemont]] |- | 51224 | 51300 | [[Écriennes]] |- | 51225 | 51500 | [[Écueil]] |- | 51226 | 51230 | [[Écury-le-Repos]] |- | 51227 | 51240 | [[Écury-sur-Coole]] |- | 51228 | 51800 | [[Élise-Daucourt]] |- | 51229 | 51330 | [[Épense]] |- | 51230 | 51200 | [[Épernay]] |- | 51231 | 51460 | [[L'Épine (Matrona)|L'Épine]] |- | 51232 | 51490 | [[Époye]] |- | 51233 | 51310 | [[Escardes]] |- | 51234 | 51260 | [[Esclavolles-Lurey]] |- | 51235 | 51120 | [[Les Essarts-lès-Sézanne]] |- | 51236 | 51310 | [[Les Essarts-le-Vicomte]] |- | 51237 | 51310 | [[Esternay]] |- | 51238 | 51270 | [[Étoges]] |- | 51239 | 51130 | [[Étréchy (Matrona)|Étréchy]] |- | 51240 | 51340 | [[Étrepy]] |- | 51241 | 51230 | [[Euvy]] |- | 51242 | 51510 | [[Fagnières]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51243 | 51230 | [[Faux-Fresnay]] |- | 51244 | 51320 | [[Faux-Vésigneul]] |- | 51245 | 51170 | [[Faverolles-et-Coëmy]] |- | 51246 | 51300 | [[Favresse]] |- | 51247 | 51270 | [[Fèrebrianges]] |- | 51248 | 51230 | [[Fère-Champenoise]] |- | 51249 | 51700 | [[Festigny (Matrona)|Festigny]] |- | 51250 | 51170 | [[Fismes]] |- | 51251 | 51190 | [[Flavigny (Matrona)|Flavigny]] |- | 51252 | 51480 | [[Fleury-la-Rivière]] |- | 51253 | 51800 | [[Florent-en-Argonne]] |- | 51254 | 51120 | [[Fontaine-Denis-Nuisy]] |- | 51255 | 51800 | [[Fontaine-en-Dormois]] |- | 51256 | 51160 | [[Fontaine-sur-Ay]] |- | 51258 | 51120 | [[La Forestière]] |- | 51259 | 51240 | [[Francheville (Matrona)|Francheville]] |- | 51260 | 51240 | [[Le Fresne (Matrona)|Le Fresne]] |- | 51261 | 51110 | [[Fresne-lès-Reims]] |- | 51262 | 51300 | [[Frignicourt]] |- | 51263 | 51210 | [[Fromentières (Matrona)|Fromentières]] |- | 51264 | 51210 | [[Le Gault-Soigny]] |- | 51265 | 51120 | [[Gaye]] |- | 51266 | 51160 | [[Germaine (Matrona)|Germaine]] |- | 51267 | 51390 | [[Germigny (Matrona)|Germigny]] |- | 51268 | 51130 | [[Germinon]] |- | 51269 | 51290 | [[Giffaumont-Champaubert]] |- | 51270 | 51290 | [[Gigny-Bussy]] |- | 51271 | 51130 | [[Gionges]] |- | 51272 | 51330 | [[Givry-en-Argonne]] |- | 51273 | 51130 | [[Givry-lès-Loisy]] |- | 51274 | 51800 | [[Gizaucourt]] |- | 51275 | 51300 | [[Glannes]] |- | 51276 | 51230 | [[Gourgançon]] |- | 51278 | 51400 | [[Les Grandes-Loges]] |- | 51279 | 51260 | [[Granges-sur-Aube]] |- | 51280 | 51800 | [[Gratreuil]] |- | 51281 | 51190 | [[Grauves]] |- | 51282 | 51390 | [[Gueux (Matrona)|Gueux]] |- | 51283 | 51800 | [[Hans (Matrona)|Hans]] |- | 51284 | 51300 | [[Haussignémont]] |- | 51285 | 51320 | [[Haussimont]] |- | 51286 | 51290 | [[Hauteville (Matrona)|Hauteville]] |- | 51287 | 51160 | [[Hautvillers]] |- | 51288 | 51300 | [[Heiltz-le-Hutier]] |- | 51289 | 51340 | [[Heiltz-le-Maurupt]] |- | 51290 | 51340 | [[Heiltz-l'Évêque]] |- | 51291 | 51220 | [[Hermonville]] |- | 51292 | 51460 | [[Herpont]] |- | 51293 | 51110 | [[Hidericiaca Villa|Heutrégiville]] |- | 51294 | 51140 | [[Hourges]] |- | 51295 | 51300 | [[Huiron]] |- | 51296 | 51320 | [[Humbauville]] |- | 51298 | 51700 | [[Igny-Comblizy]] |- | 51299 | 51110 | [[Isles-sur-Suippe]] |- | 51300 | 51290 | [[Isle-sur-Marne]] |- | 51301 | 51150 | [[Isse]] |- | 51302 | 51190 | [[Les Istres-et-Bury]] |- | 51303 | 51150 | [[Jâlons]] |- | 51304 | 51210 | [[Janvilliers]] |- | 51305 | 51390 | [[Janvry (Matrona)|Janvry]] |- | 51306 | 51310 | [[Joiselle]] |- | 51307 | 51600 | [[Jonchery-sur-Suippe]] |- | 51308 | 51140 | [[Jonchery-sur-Vesle]] |- | 51309 | 51700 | [[Jonquery]] |- | 51310 | 51390 | [[Jouy-lès-Reims]] |- | 51311 | 51340 | [[Jussecourt-Minecourt]] |- | 51312 | 51150 | [[Juvigny (Matrona)|Juvigny]] |- | 51313 | 51120 | [[Lachy (Matrona)|Lachy]] |- | 51314 | 51170 | [[Lagery]] |- | 51315 | 51290 | [[Landricourt (Matrona)|Landricourt]] |- | 51316 | 51290 | [[Larzicourt]] |- | 51317 | 51600 | [[Laval-sur-Tourbe]] |- | 51318 | 51110 | [[Lavannes]] |- | 51319 | 51230 | [[Lenharrée]] |- | 51320 | 51700 | [[Leuvrigny]] |- | 51321 | 51170 | [[Lhéry]] |- | 51322 | 51290 | [[Lignon (Matrona)|Lignon]] |- | 51323 | 51230 | [[Linthelles]] |- | 51324 | 51230 | [[Linthes]] |- | 51325 | 51300 | [[Lisse-en-Champagne]] |- | 51326 | 51400 | [[Livry-Louvercy]] |- | 51327 | 51130 | [[Loisy-en-Brie]] |- | 51328 | 51300 | [[Loisy-sur-Marne]] |- | 51329 | 51220 | [[Loivre]] |- | 51331 | 51150 | [[Louvois (Matrona)|Louvois]] |- | 51333 | 51500 | [[Ludes]] |- | 51334 | 51300 | [[Luxémont-et-Villotte]] |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]] ! [[Numerus cursualis]] ! [[Commune]] |- | 51336 | 51800 | [[Maffrécourt]] |- | 51663 | 51530 | [[Mazenta (Francia)|Mazenta]] |- | 51337 | 51170 | [[Magneux (Matrona)|Magneux]] |- | 51338 | 51500 | [[Mailly-Champagne]] |- | 51339 | 51240 | [[Mairy-sur-Marne]] |- | 51340 | 51300 | [[Maisons-en-Champagne]] |- | 51341 | 51800 | [[Malmy]] |- | 51342 | 51530 | [[Mancy (Matrona)|Mancy]] |- | 51343 | 51260 | [[Marcelliacum]] |- | 51344 | 51530 | [[Mardeuil]] |- | 51345 | 51270 | [[Mareuil-en-Brie]] |- | 51346 | 51700 | [[Mareuil-le-Port]] |- | 51347 | 51160 | [[Mareuil-sur-Ay]] |- | 51348 | 51170 | [[Marfaux]] |- | 51349 | 51290 | [[Margerie-Hancourt]] |- | 51350 | 51210 | [[Margny (Matrona)|Margny]] |- | 51351 | 51230 | [[Marigny (Matrona)|Marigny]] |- | 51352 | 51300 | [[Marolles (Matrona)|Marolles]] |- | 51353 | 51260 | [[Marsangis]] |- | 51354 | 51240 | [[Marson]] |- | 51355 | 51800 | [[Massiges]] |- | 51356 | 51300 | [[Matignicourt-Goncourt]] |- | 51357 | 51510 | [[Matougues]] |- | 51358 | 51340 | [[Maurupt-le-Montois]] |- | 51359 | 51210 | [[Mécringes]] |- | 51360 | 51120 | [[Le Meix-Saint-Epoing]] |- | 51361 | 51320 | [[Le Meix-Tiercelin]] |- | 51362 | 51220 | [[Merfy]] |- | 51363 | 51300 | [[Merlaut]] |- | 51364 | 51390 | [[Méry-Prémecy]] |- | 51365 | 51370 | [[Les Mesneux]] |- | 51367 | 51190 | [[Le Mesnil-sur-Oger]] |- | 51368 | 51800 | [[Minaucourt-le-Mesnil-lès-Hurlus]] |- | 51369 | 51120 | [[Mœurs-Verdey]] |- | 51370 | 51800 | [[Moiremont]] |- | 51371 | 51240 | [[Moivre (Matrona)|Moivre]] |- | 51373 | 51290 | [[Moncetz-l'Abbaye]] |- | 51372 | 51470 | [[Moncetz-Longevas]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51374 | 51120 | [[Mondement-Montgivroux]] |- | 51375 | 51500 | [[Montbré]] |- | 51377 | 51320 | [[Montépreux]] |- | 51376 | 51260 | [[Montgenost]] |- | 51378 | 51530 | [[Monthelon (Matrona)|Monthelon]] |- | 51379 | 51140 | [[Montigny-sur-Vesle]] |- | 51380 | 51210 | [[Montmirail (Matrona)|Montmirail]] |- | 51381 | 51270 | [[Montmort-Lucy]] |- | 51382 | 51170 | [[Mont-sur-Courville]] |- | 51384 | 51530 | [[Morangis (Matrona)|Morangis]] |- | 51386 | 51210 | [[Morsains]] |- | 51387 | 51530 | [[Moslins]] |- | 51388 | 51400 | [[Mourmelon-le-Grand]] |- | 51389 | 51400 | [[Mourmelon-le-Petit]] |- | 51390 | 51530 | [[Moussy (Matrona)|Moussy]] |- | 51391 | 51140 | [[Muizon]] |- | 51392 | 51160 | [[Mutigny]] |- | 51393 | 51480 | [[Nanteuil-la-Forêt]] |- | 51395 | 51120 | [[Nesle-la-Reposte]] |- | 51396 | 51700 | [[Nesle-le-Repons]] |- | 51399 | 51800 | [[Nova Villa ad Pontem]] |- | 51397 | 51330 | [[La Neuville-aux-Bois]] |- | 51398 | 51480 | [[La Neuville-aux-Larris]] |- | 51402 | 51310 | [[Neuvy (Matrona)|Neuvy]] |- | 51403 | 51420 | [[Nogent-l'Abbesse]] |- | 51404 | 51330 | [[Noirlieu]] |- | 51406 | 51300 | [[Norrois]] |- | 51407 | 51310 | [[La Noue]] |- | 51409 | 51240 | [[Nuisement-sur-Coole]] |- | 51410 | 51480 | [[Œuilly (Matrona)|Œuilly]] |- | 51411 | 51190 | [[Oger (Matrona)|Oger]] |- | 51412 | 51230 | [[Ognes (Matrona)|Ognes]] |- | 51413 | 51530 | [[Oiry]] |- | 51414 | 51700 | [[Olizy]] |- | 51415 | 51240 | [[Omey]] |- | 51416 | 51270 | [[Orbais-l'Abbaye]] |- | 51417 | 51300 | [[Orconte]] |- | 51418 | 51370 | [[Ormes (Matrona)|Ormes]] |- | 51419 | 51290 | [[Outines]] |- | 51420 | 51300 | [[Outrepont]] |- | 51421 | 51120 | [[Oyes]] |- | 51422 | 51390 | [[Pargny-lès-Reims]] |- | 51423 | 51340 | [[Parneium (Matrona)|Parneium]] |- | 51424 | 51800 | [[Passavant-en-Argonne]] |- | 51425 | 51700 | [[Passy-Grigny]] |- | 51426 | 51120 | [[Péas]] |- | 51428 | 51400 | [[Les Petites-Loges]] |- | 51429 | 51140 | [[Pévy]] |- | 51430 | 51130 | [[Pierre-Morains]] |- | 51431 | 51530 | [[Pierry]] |- | 51432 | 51230 | [[Pleurs]] |- | 51433 | 51300 | [[Plichancourt]] |- | 51434 | 51150 | [[Plivot]] |- | 51435 | 51130 | [[Pocancy]] |- | 51436 | 51240 | [[Pogny]] |- | 51437 | 51170 | [[Poilly]] |- | 51438 | 51460 | [[Poix]] |- | 51439 | 51110 | [[Pomacle]] |- | 51440 | 51490 | [[Pontfaverger-Moronvilliers]] |- | 51441 | 51300 | [[Ponthion]] |- | 51442 | 51330 | [[Possesse]] |- | 51443 | 51260 | [[Potangis]] |- | 51444 | 51220 | [[Pouillon (Matrona)|Pouillon]] |- | 51445 | 51480 | [[Pourcy]] |- | 51446 | 51300 | [[Pringy (Matrona)|Pringy]] |- | 51447 | 51400 | [[Prosnes]] |- | 51448 | 51140 | [[Prouilly]] |- | 51449 | 51360 | [[Prunay]] |- | 51450 | 51500 | [[Puisieulx]] |- | 51451 | 51120 | [[Queudes]] |- | 51452 | 51330 | [[Rapsécourt]] |- | 51453 | 51520 | [[Recy]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51454 | 51100 | [[Durocortorum]] |- | 51455 | 51300 | [[Reims-la-Brûlée]] |- | 51456 | 51330 | [[Remicourt (Matrona)|Remicourt]] |- | 51457 | 51480 | [[Reuil]] |- | 51458 | 51120 | [[Reuves]] |- | 51459 | 51310 | [[Réveillon (Matrona)|Réveillon]] |- | 51460 | 51210 | [[Rieux (Matrona)|Rieux]] |- | 51461 | 51500 | [[Rilly-la-Montagne]] |- | 51463 | 51300 | [[Les Rivières-Henruel]] |- | 51464 | 51140 | [[Romain (Matrona)|Romain]] |- | 51465 | 51480 | [[Romery (Matrona)|Romery]] |- | 51466 | 51170 | [[Romigny]] |- | 51468 | 51390 | [[Rosnay (Matrona)|Rosnay]] |- | 51469 | 51130 | [[Rouffy]] |- | 51470 | 51800 | [[Rouvroy-Ripont]] |- | 51471 | 51500 | [[Sacy (Matrona)|Sacy]] |- | 51472 | 51300 | [[Saint-Amand-sur-Fion]] |- | 51473 | 51310 | [[Saint-Bon]] |- | 51474 | 51370 | [[Saint-Brice-Courcelles]] <small><sup>(CAR)</sup></small> |- | 51475 | 51290 | [[Saint-Chéron (Matrona)|Saint-Chéron]] |- | 51480 | 51700 | [[Sainte-Gemme (Matrona)|Sainte-Gemme]] |- | 51501 | 51600 | [[Sainte-Marie-à-Py]] |- | 51277 | 51290 | [[Sainte-Marie-du-Lac-Nuisement]] |- | 51507 | 51800 | [[Sancta Manechildis]] |- | 51476 | 51460 | [[Saint-Étienne-au-Temple]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51477 | 51110 | [[Saint-Étienne-sur-Suippe]] |- | 51478 | 52100 | [[Saint-Eulien]] |- | 51479 | 51390 | [[Saint-Euphraise-et-Clairizet]] |- | 51482 | 51240 | [[Saint-Germain-la-Ville]] |- | 51483 | 51510 | [[Saint-Gibrien]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51484 | 51170 | [[Saint-Gilles (Matrona)|Saint-Gilles]] |- | 51485 | 51400 | [[Saint-Hilaire-au-Temple]] |- | 51486 | 51600 | [[Saint-Hilaire-le-Grand]] |- | 51487 | 51490 | [[Saint-Hilaire-le-Petit]] |- | 51488 | 51160 | [[Saint-Imoges]] |- | 51489 | 51330 | [[Saint-Jean-devant-Possesse]] |- | 51490 | 51240 | [[Saint-Jean-sur-Moivre]] |- | 51491 | 51600 | [[Saint-Jean-sur-Tourbe]] |- | 51492 | 51260 | [[Saint-Just-Sauvage]] |- | 51493 | 51500 | [[Saint-Léonard (Matrona)|Saint-Léonard]] |- | 51495 | 51120 | [[Saint-Loup (Matrona)|Saint-Loup]] |- | 51496 | 51300 | [[Saint-Lumier-en-Champagne]] |- | 51497 | 51340 | [[Saint-Lumier-la-Populeuse]] |- | 51499 | 51130 | [[Saint-Mard-lès-Rouffy]] |- | 51498 | 51800 | [[Saint-Mard-sur-Auve]] |- | 51500 | 51330 | [[Saint-Mard-sur-le-Mont]] |- | 51502 | 51240 | [[Saint-Martin-aux-Champs]] |- | 51002 | 51530 | [[Saint-Martin-d'Ablois]] |- | 51503 | 51490 | [[Saint-Martin-l'Heureux]] |- | 51504 | 51520 | [[Saint-Martin-sur-le-Pré]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51505 | 51490 | [[Saint-Masmes]] |- | 51506 | 51470 | [[Saint-Memmie]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51508 | 51320 | [[Saint-Ouen-Domprot]] |- | 51509 | 51510 | [[Saint-Pierre (Matrona)|Saint-Pierre]] |- | 51510 | 51300 | [[Saint-Quentin-les-Marais]] |- | 51511 | 51120 | [[Saint-Quentin-le-Verger]] |- | 51512 | 51240 | [[Saint-Quentin-sur-Coole]] |- | 51513 | 51290 | [[Saint-Remy-en-Bouzemont-Saint-Genest-et-Isson]] |- | 51514 | 51120 | [[Saint-Remy-sous-Broyes]] |- | 51515 | 51600 | [[Saint-Remy-sur-Bussy]] |- | 51516 | 51260 | [[Saint-Saturnin (Matrona)|Saint-Saturnin]] |- | 51517 | 51600 | [[Saint-Souplet-sur-Py]] |- | 51518 | 51220 | [[Saint-Thierry]] |- | 51519 | 51800 | [[Saint-Thomas-en-Argonne]] |- | 51520 | 51290 | [[Saint-Utin]] |- | 51521 | 51340 | [[Saint-Vrain (Matrona)|Saint-Vrain]] |- | 51522 | 52100 | [[Sapignicourt]] |- | 51523 | 51170 | [[Sarcy]] |- | 51524 | 51260 | [[Saron-sur-Aube]] |- | 51525 | 51520 | [[Sarry (Matrona)|Sarry]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51526 | 51120 | [[Saudoy]] |- | 51527 | 51170 | [[Savigny-sur-Ardres]] |- | 51528 | 51340 | [[Scrupt]] |- | 51529 | 51490 | [[Selles (Matrona)|Selles]] |- | 51530 | 51400 | [[Sept-Saulx]] |- | 51531 | 51250 | [[Sermaize-les-Bains]] |- | 51532 | 51500 | [[Sermiers]] |- | 51533 | 51800 | [[Servon-Melzicourt]] |- | 51534 | 51170 | [[Serzy-et-Prin]] |- | 51535 | 51120 | [[Sézanne]] |- | 51536 | 51500 | [[Sillery (Matrona)|Sillery]] |- | 51537 | 51800 | [[Sivry-Ante]] |- | 51538 | 51520 | [[Sogny-aux-Moulins]] |- | 51539 | 51340 | [[Sogny-en-l'Angle]] |- | 51542 | 51120 | [[Soizy-aux-Bois]] |- | 51543 | 51800 | [[Summa Biona]] |- | 51544 | 51600 | [[Summus Pidus]] |- | 51545 | 51320 | [[Sommesous]] |- | 51546 | 51600 | [[Summa Suppia]] |- | 51547 | 51600 | [[Summa Turba]] |- | 51548 | 51460 | [[Summa Vidula]] |- | 51549 | 51330 | [[Somme-Yèvre]] |- | 51550 | 51320 | [[Sompuis]] |- | 51551 | 51290 | [[Somsois]] |- | 51552 | 51240 | [[Songy]] |- | 51553 | 51600 | [[Souain-Perthes-lès-Hurlus]] |- | 51555 | 51320 | [[Soudé]] |- | 51556 | 51320 | [[Soudron]] |- | 51557 | 51300 | [[Soulanges (Matrona)|Soulanges]] |- | 51558 | 51130 | [[Soulières]] |- | 51559 | 51600 | [[Suippes]] |- | 51560 | 51270 | [[Suizy-le-Franc]] |- | 51562 | 51500 | [[Taissy]] |- | 51563 | 51270 | [[Talus-Saint-Prix]] |- | 51564 | 51150 | [[Tauxières-Mutry]] |- | 51565 | 51230 | [[Thaas]] |- | 51566 | 51510 | [[Thibie]] |- | 51567 | 51300 | [[Thiéblemont-Farémont]] |- | 51568 | 51220 | [[Thil (Matrona)|Thil]] |- | 51569 | 51370 | [[Thillois]] |- | 51570 | 51210 | [[Le Thoult-Trosnay]] |- | 51572 | 51460 | [[Tilloy-et-Bellay]] |- | 51573 | 51430 | [[Tinqueux]] <small><sup>(CAR)</sup></small> |- | 51574 | 51240 | [[Togny-aux-Bœufs]] |- | 51576 | 51150 | [[Tours-sur-Marne]] |- | 51577 | 51170 | [[Tramery]] |- | 51578 | 51130 | [[Trécon]] |- | 51579 | 51210 | [[Tres Fagi]] |- | 51580 | 51380 | [[Trépail]] |- | 51581 | 51140 | [[Treslon]] |- | 51582 | 51140 | [[Trigny]] |- | 51583 | 51340 | [[Trois-Fontaines-l'Abbaye]] |- | 51584 | 51500 | [[Trois-Puits]] |- | 51585 | 51700 | [[Troissy]] |- | 51586 | 51170 | [[Unchair]] |- | 51587 | 51400 | [[Vadenay]] |- | 51158 | 51130 | [[Val-des-Marais]] |- | 51571 | 51360 | [[Val-de-Vesle]] |- | 51218 | 51340 | [[Val-de-Vière]] |- | 51588 | 51800 | [[Valmy]] |- | 51589 | 51330 | [[Vanault-le-Châtel]] |- | 51590 | 51340 | [[Vanault-les-Dames]] |- | 51591 | 51140 | [[Vandeuil]] |- | 51592 | 51700 | [[Vandières (Matrona)|Vandières]] |- | 51594 | 51320 | [[Vassimont-et-Chapelaine]] |- | 51595 | 51320 | [[Vatry]] |- | 51596 | 51210 | [[Vauchamps (Matrona)|Vauchamps]] |- | 51597 | 51480 | [[Vauciennes (Matrona)|Vauciennes]] |- | 51598 | 51300 | [[Vauclerc]] |- | 51599 | 51380 | [[Vaudemange]] |- | 51600 | 51600 | [[Vaudesincourt]] |- | 51601 | 51300 | [[Vavray-le-Grand]] |- | 51602 | 51300 | [[Vavray-le-Petit]] |- | 51603 | 51130 | [[Vélye]] |- | 51604 | 51140 | [[Ventelay]] |- | 51605 | 51480 | [[Venteuil]] |- | 51607 | 51210 | [[Verdon (Matrona)|Verdon]] |- | 51608 | 51330 | [[Vernancourt]] |- | 51609 | 51700 | [[Verneuil (Matrona)|Verneuil]] |- | 51610 | 51800 | [[Verrières (Matrona)|Verrières]] |- | 51611 | 51130 | [[Vert-Toulon]] |- | 51612 | 51130 | [[Vertus]] |- | 51613 | 51360 | [[Verzenay]] |- | 51614 | 51380 | [[Verzy]] |- | 51616 | 51240 | [[Vésigneul-sur-Marne]] |- | 51617 | 51520 | [[La Veuve]] |- | 51618 | 51210 | [[Le Vézier]] |- | 51619 | 51330 | [[Le Vieil-Dampierre]] |- | 51620 | 51800 | [[Vienna Villa]] |- | 51621 | 51800 | [[Vienne-le-Château]] |- | 51622 | 51390 | [[Ville-Dommange]] |- | 51623 | 51500 | [[Ville-en-Selve]] |- | 51624 | 51170 | [[Ville-en-Tardenois]] |- | 51625 | 51310 | [[Villeneuve-la-Lionne]] |- | 51626 | 51120 | [[La Villeneuve-lès-Charleville]] |- | 51627 | 51130 | [[Villeneuve-Renneville-Chevigny]] |- | 51628 | 51120 | [[Villeneuve-Saint-Vistre-et-Villevotte]] |- | 51629 | 51500 | [[Villers-Allerand]] |- | 51630 | 51130 | [[Villers-aux-Bois]] |- | 51631 | 51500 | [[Villers-aux-Nœuds]] |- | 51632 | 51800 | [[Villers-en-Argonne]] |- | 51633 | 51220 | [[Villers-Franqueux]] |- | 51634 | 51510 | [[Villers-le-Château]] |- | 51635 | 51250 | [[Villers-le-Sec (Matrona)|Villers-le-Sec]] |- | 51636 | 51380 | [[Villers-Marmery]] |- | 51637 | 51700 | [[Villers-sous-Châtillon]] |- | 51638 | 51130 | [[Villeseneux]] |- | 51639 | 51270 | [[La Ville-sous-Orbais]] |- | 51640 | 51800 | [[Ville-sur-Tourbe]] |- | 51641 | 51270 | [[Villevenard]] |- | 51642 | 51260 | [[Villiers-aux-Corneilles]] |- | 51643 | 51530 | [[Vinay (Matrona)|Vinay]] |- | 51644 | 51700 | [[Vincelles (Matrona)|Vincelles]] |- | 51645 | 51120 | [[Vindey]] |- | 51646 | 51800 | [[Virginy]] |- | 51647 | 51300 | [[Vitry-en-Perthois]] |- | 51648 | 51240 | [[Vitry-la-Ville]] |- | 51649 | 51300 | [[Vitry-le-François]] |- | 51650 | 51800 | [[Voilemont]] |- | 51651 | 51130 | [[Voipreux]] |- | 51652 | 51260 | [[Vouarces]] |- | 51654 | 51340 | [[Vouillers]] |- | 51655 | 51130 | [[Vouzy]] |- | 51656 | 51150 | [[Vraux]] |- | 51657 | 51390 | [[Vrigny (Matrona)|Vrigny]] |- | 51658 | 51330 | [[Vroil]] |- | 51659 | 51800 | [[Wargemoulin-Hurlus]] |- | 51660 | 51110 | [[Warmeriville]] |- | 51662 | 51420 | [[Witry-lès-Reims]] |} {{Indices communium praefecturarum Franciae}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Matronae|!]] 97jaki7p76sn6d1xx8281ax9cghpvlg 3974940 3974934 2026-07-27T10:44:20Z Pippobuono 54500 nomen latine 3974940 wikitext text/x-wiki Hic est index communium [[Matrona (praefectura Franciae)|Matronae]], praefecturae [[Francia|Francicae]], cui subsunt communia 620 numero. [[Fasciculus:Marne-Position.png|thumb|Situs praefecturae]] [[Fasciculus:Reims Hotel de ville 2010.jpg|thumb|[[ Durocortorum|Durocortori]]: municipium]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]] ! [[Numerus cursualis]] ! [[Commune]] |- | 51001 | 51240 | [[Ablancourt]] |- | 51003 | 51150 | [[Aigny]] |- | 51004 | 51260 | [[Allemanche-Launay-et-Soyer]] |- | 51005 | 51120 | [[Allemant (Matrona)|Allemant]] |- | 51006 | 51250 | [[Alliancelles]] |- | 51007 | 51150 | [[Ambonnay]] |- | 51008 | 51290 | [[Ambrières]] |- | 51009 | 51260 | [[Anglure]] |- | 51010 | 51230 | [[Angluzelles-et-Courcelles]] |- | 51012 | 51700 | [[Anthenay]] |- | 51013 | 51170 | [[Aougny]] |- | 51014 | 51170 | [[Arcis-le-Ponsart]] |- | 51015 | 51800 | [[Argers]] |- | 51016 | 51290 | [[Arrigny]] |- | 51017 | 51290 | [[Arzillières-Neuville]] |- | 51018 | 51150 | [[Athis (Matrona)|Athis]] |- | 51019 | 51600 | [[Aubérive]] |- | 51020 | 51170 | [[Aubilly]] |- | 51022 | 51240 | [[Aulnay-l'Aître]] |- | 51023 | 51150 | [[Aulnay-sur-Marne]] |- | 51025 | 51110 | [[Auménancourt]] |- | 51027 | 51800 | [[Auve]] |- | 51028 | 51160 | [[Avenniacum]] |- | 51029 | 51190 | [[Avize]] |- | 51030 | 51160 | [[Ageium]] |- | 51031 | 51400 | [[Baconnes]] |- | 51032 | 51260 | [[Bagneux (Matrona)|Bagneux]] |- | 51033 | 51270 | [[Le Baizil]] |- | 51034 | 51270 | [[Bannay (Matrona)|Bannay]] |- | 51035 | 51230 | [[Bannes (Matrona)|Bannes]] |- | 51036 | 51120 | [[Barbonne-Fayel]] |- | 51037 | 51170 | [[Baslieux-lès-Fismes]] |- | 51038 | 51700 | [[Baslieux-sous-Châtillon]] |- | 51039 | 51300 | [[Bassu]] |- | 51040 | 51300 | [[Bassuet]] |- | 51041 | 51260 | [[Baudement]] |- | 51042 | 51270 | [[Baye (Matrona)|Baye]] |- | 51043 | 51110 | [[Bazancourt (Matrona)|Bazancourt]] |- | 51044 | 51360 | [[Beaumont-sur-Vesle]] |- | 51045 | 51270 | [[Beaunay]] |- | 51046 | 51490 | [[Beine-Nauroy]] |- | 51047 | 51330 | [[Belval-en-Argonne]] |- | 51048 | 51480 | [[Belval-sous-Châtillon]] |- | 51049 | 51130 | [[Bergères-lès-Vertus]] |- | 51050 | 51210 | [[Bergères-sous-Montmirail]] |- | 51051 | 51220 | [[Berméricourt]] |- | 51052 | 51420 | [[Berru]] |- | 51053 | 51800 | [[Berzieux]] |- | 51054 | 51490 | [[Bétheniville]] |- | 51055 | 51450 | [[Bétheny]] <small><sup>(CAR)</sup></small> |- | 51056 | 51260 | [[Bethon]] |- | 51057 | 51330 | [[Bettancourt-la-Longue]] |- | 51058 | 51430 | [[Bezannes]] <small><sup>(CAR)</sup></small> |- | 51059 | 51300 | [[Bignicourt-sur-Marne]] |- | 51060 | 51340 | [[Bignicourt-sur-Saulx]] |- | 51061 | 51400 | [[Billy-le-Grand]] |- | 51062 | 51800 | [[Binarville]] |- | 51063 | 51700 | [[Binson-et-Orquigny]] |- | 51064 | 51150 | [[Bisseuil]] |- | 51065 | 51300 | [[Blacy (Matrona)|Blacy]] |- | 51066 | 51300 | [[Blaise-sous-Arzillières]] |- | 51068 | 51340 | [[Blesme]] |- | 51069 | 51170 | [[Bligny (Matrona)|Bligny]] |- | 51070 | 51210 | [[Boissy-le-Repos]] |- | 51071 | 51310 | [[Bouchy-Saint-Genest]] |- | 51072 | 51390 | [[Bouilly (Matrona)|Bouilly]] |- | 51073 | 51170 | [[Bouleuse]] |- | 51074 | 51110 | [[Boult-sur-Suippe]] |- | 51075 | 51110 | [[Bourgogne (Matrona)|Bourgogne]] |- | 51076 | 51480 | [[Boursault]] |- | 51077 | 51140 | [[Bouvancourt]] |- | 51078 | 51400 | [[Bouy]] |- | 51079 | 51150 | [[Bouzy]] |- | 51080 | 51290 | [[Brandonvillers]] |- | 51081 | 51140 | [[Branscourt]] |- | 51082 | 51800 | [[Braux-Sainte-Cohière]] |- | 51083 | 51800 | [[Braux-Saint-Remy]] |- | 51084 | 51320 | [[Bréban]] |- | 51086 | 51140 | [[Breuil (Matrona)|Breuil]] |- | 51085 | 51210 | [[Le Breuil (Matrona)|Le Breuil]] |- | 51087 | 51240 | [[Breuvery-sur-Coole]] |- | 51088 | 51220 | [[Brimont]] |- | 51089 | 51170 | [[Brouillet]] |- | 51090 | 51230 | [[Broussy-le-Grand]] |- | 51091 | 51230 | [[Broussy-le-Petit]] |- | 51092 | 51120 | [[Broyes (Matrona)|Broyes]] |- | 51093 | 51530 | [[Brugny-Vaudancourt]] |- | 51094 | 51300 | [[Brusson (Matrona)|Brusson]] |- | 51095 | 51300 | [[Le Buisson (Matrona)|Le Buisson]] |- | 51097 | 51600 | [[Bussy-le-Château]] |- | 51098 | 51330 | [[Bussy-le-Repos (Matrona)|Bussy-le-Repos]] |- | 51099 | 51320 | [[Bussy-Lettrée]] |- | 51100 | 51270 | [[La Caure]] |- | 51101 | 51110 | [[Caurel (Matrona)|Caurel]] |- | 51102 | 51220 | [[Cauroy-lès-Hermonville]] |- | 51103 | 51260 | [[La Celle-sous-Chantemerle]] |- | 51104 | 51800 | [[Cernay-en-Dormois]] |- | 51105 | 51420 | [[Cernay-lès-Reims]] |- | 51106 | 51240 | [[Cernon (Matrona)|Cernon]] |- | 51107 | 51130 | [[Chaintrix-Bierges]] |- | 51108 | 51000 | [[Durocatalaunum]] |- | 51109 | 51140 | [[Châlons-sur-Vesle]] |- | 51110 | 51130 | [[Chaltrait]] |- | 51111 | 51170 | [[Chambrecy]] |- | 51112 | 51500 | [[Chamery]] |- | 51113 | 51270 | [[Champaubert]] |- | 51115 | 51500 | [[Champfleury (Matrona)|Champfleury]] |- | 51116 | 51310 | [[Champguyon]] |- | 51117 | 51150 | [[Champigneul-Champagne]] |- | 51118 | 51370 | [[Champigny (Matrona)|Champigny]] |- | 51119 | 51160 | [[Champillon]] |- | 51120 | 51480 | [[Champlat-et-Boujacourt]] |- | 51121 | 51700 | [[Champvoisy]] |- | 51122 | 51300 | [[Changy (Matrona)|Changy]] |- | 51124 | 51260 | [[Chantemerle]] |- | 51125 | 51290 | [[Chapelaine]] |- | 51126 | 51800 | [[La Chapelle-Felcourt]] |- | 51127 | 51260 | [[La Chapelle-Lasson]] |- | 51128 | 51270 | [[La Chapelle-sous-Orbais]] |- | 51129 | 51120 | [[Charleville (Matrona)|Charleville]] |- | 51130 | 51330 | [[Charmont (Matrona)|Charmont]] |- | 51132 | 51330 | [[Les Charmontois]] |- | 51133 | 51330 | [[Le Châtelier]] |- | 51134 | 51300 | [[Châtelraould-Saint-Louvent]] |- | 51135 | 51290 | [[Châtillon-sur-Broué]] |- | 51136 | 51700 | [[Châtillon-sur-Marne]] |- | 51137 | 51310 | [[Châtillon-sur-Morin]] |- | 51138 | 51800 | [[Châtrices]] |- | 51139 | 51800 | [[Chaudefontaine (Matrona)|Chaudefontaine]] |- | 51140 | 51170 | [[Chaumuzy]] |- | 51141 | 51240 | [[La Chaussée-sur-Marne]] |- | 51142 | 51530 | [[Chavot-Courcourt]] |- | 51143 | 51800 | [[Le Chemin]] |- | 51144 | 51250 | [[Cheminon]] |- | 51145 | 51140 | [[Chenay (Matrona)|Chenay]] |- | 51146 | 51510 | [[Cheniers]] |- | 51147 | 51600 | [[La Cheppe]] |- | 51148 | 51240 | [[Cheppes-la-Prairie]] |- | 51149 | 51240 | [[Chepy]] |- | 51150 | 51150 | [[Cherville]] |- | 51151 | 51120 | [[Chichey]] |- | 51152 | 51500 | [[Chigny-les-Roses]] |- | 51153 | 51530 | [[Chouilly]] |- | 51154 | 51130 | [[Clamanges]] |- | 51155 | 51260 | [[Clesles]] |- | 51156 | 51300 | [[Cloyes-sur-Marne]] |- | 51157 | 51270 | [[Coizard-Joches]] |- | 51160 | 51510 | [[Compertrix]] |- | 51161 | 51150 | [[Condé-sur-Marne]] |- | 51162 | 51260 | [[Conflans-sur-Seine]] |- | 51163 | 51270 | [[Congy]] |- | 51164 | 51230 | [[Connantray-Vaurefroy]] |- | 51165 | 51230 | [[Connantre]] |- | 51166 | 51330 | [[Contault]] |- | 51167 | 51320 | [[Coole (Matrona)|Coole]] |- | 51168 | 51510 | [[Coolus]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51169 | 51320 | [[Corbeil (Matrona)|Corbeil]] |- | 51170 | 51210 | [[Corfélix]] |- | 51171 | 51220 | [[Cormicy]] |- | 51172 | 51350 | [[Cormontreuil]] <small><sup>(CAR)</sup></small> |- | 51173 | 51480 | [[Cormoyeux]] |- | 51174 | 51270 | [[Corribert]] |- | 51175 | 51210 | [[Corrobert]] |- | 51176 | 51230 | [[Corroy (Matrona)|Corroy]] |- | 51177 | 51390 | [[Coulommes-la-Montagne]] |- | 51178 | 51240 | [[Coupetz]] |- | 51179 | 51240 | [[Coupéville]] |- | 51181 | 51140 | [[Courcelles-Sapicourt]] |- | 51182 | 51260 | [[Courcemain]] |- | 51183 | 51220 | [[Courcy (Matrona)|Courcy]] |- | 51184 | 51300 | [[Courdemanges]] |- | 51185 | 51310 | [[Courgivaux]] |- | 51186 | 51270 | [[Courjeonnet]] |- | 51187 | 51170 | [[Courlandon]] |- | 51188 | 51390 | [[Courmas]] |- | 51190 | 51480 | [[Courtagnon]] |- | 51191 | 51800 | [[Courtémont]] |- | 51192 | 51700 | [[Courthiézy]] |- | 51193 | 51460 | [[Courtisols]] |- | 51194 | 51170 | [[Courville (Matrona)|Courville]] |- | 51195 | 51300 | [[Couvrot]] |- | 51196 | 51530 | [[Cramant]] |- | 51197 | 51600 | [[La Croix-en-Champagne]] |- | 51198 | 51170 | [[Crugny]] |- | 51199 | 51480 | [[Cuchery]] |- | 51200 | 51530 | [[Cuis]] |- | 51201 | | [[Cuisles]] |- | 51202 | 51480 | [[Cumières]] |- | 51203 | 51400 | [[Cuperly]] |- | 51204 | 51480 | [[Damery (Matrona)|Damery]] |- | 51205 | 51400 | [[Dampierre-au-Temple]] |- | 51206 | 51330 | [[Dampierre-le-Château]] |- | 51208 | 51240 | [[Dampierre-sur-Moivre]] |- | 51210 | 51530 | [[Dizy (Matrona)|Dizy]] |- | 51211 | 51800 | [[Dommartin-Dampierre]] |- | 51212 | 51320 | [[Dommartin-Lettrée]] |- | 51213 | 51800 | [[Dommartin-sous-Hans]] |- | 51214 | 51330 | [[Dommartin-Varimont]] |- | 51215 | 51300 | [[Dompremy]] |- | 51216 | 51490 | [[Dontrien]] |- | 51217 | 51700 | [[Dormans]] |- | 51219 | 51290 | [[Drosnay]] |- | 51220 | 51300 | [[Drouilly]] |- | 51222 | 51800 | [[Éclaires]] |- | 51223 | 51290 | [[Écollemont]] |- | 51224 | 51300 | [[Écriennes]] |- | 51225 | 51500 | [[Écueil]] |- | 51226 | 51230 | [[Écury-le-Repos]] |- | 51227 | 51240 | [[Écury-sur-Coole]] |- | 51228 | 51800 | [[Élise-Daucourt]] |- | 51229 | 51330 | [[Épense]] |- | 51230 | 51200 | [[Épernay]] |- | 51231 | 51460 | [[L'Épine (Matrona)|L'Épine]] |- | 51232 | 51490 | [[Époye]] |- | 51233 | 51310 | [[Escardes]] |- | 51234 | 51260 | [[Esclavolles-Lurey]] |- | 51235 | 51120 | [[Les Essarts-lès-Sézanne]] |- | 51236 | 51310 | [[Les Essarts-le-Vicomte]] |- | 51237 | 51310 | [[Esternay]] |- | 51238 | 51270 | [[Étoges]] |- | 51239 | 51130 | [[Étréchy (Matrona)|Étréchy]] |- | 51240 | 51340 | [[Étrepy]] |- | 51241 | 51230 | [[Euvy]] |- | 51242 | 51510 | [[Fagnières]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51243 | 51230 | [[Faux-Fresnay]] |- | 51244 | 51320 | [[Faux-Vésigneul]] |- | 51245 | 51170 | [[Faverolles-et-Coëmy]] |- | 51246 | 51300 | [[Favresse]] |- | 51247 | 51270 | [[Fèrebrianges]] |- | 51248 | 51230 | [[Fère-Champenoise]] |- | 51249 | 51700 | [[Festigny (Matrona)|Festigny]] |- | 51250 | 51170 | [[Fismes]] |- | 51251 | 51190 | [[Flavigny (Matrona)|Flavigny]] |- | 51252 | 51480 | [[Fleury-la-Rivière]] |- | 51253 | 51800 | [[Florent-en-Argonne]] |- | 51254 | 51120 | [[Fontaine-Denis-Nuisy]] |- | 51255 | 51800 | [[Fontaine-en-Dormois]] |- | 51256 | 51160 | [[Fontaine-sur-Ay]] |- | 51258 | 51120 | [[La Forestière]] |- | 51259 | 51240 | [[Francheville (Matrona)|Francheville]] |- | 51260 | 51240 | [[Le Fresne (Matrona)|Le Fresne]] |- | 51261 | 51110 | [[Fresne-lès-Reims]] |- | 51262 | 51300 | [[Frignicourt]] |- | 51263 | 51210 | [[Fromentières (Matrona)|Fromentières]] |- | 51264 | 51210 | [[Le Gault-Soigny]] |- | 51265 | 51120 | [[Gaye]] |- | 51266 | 51160 | [[Germaine (Matrona)|Germaine]] |- | 51267 | 51390 | [[Germigny (Matrona)|Germigny]] |- | 51268 | 51130 | [[Germinon]] |- | 51269 | 51290 | [[Giffaumont-Champaubert]] |- | 51270 | 51290 | [[Gigny-Bussy]] |- | 51271 | 51130 | [[Gionges]] |- | 51272 | 51330 | [[Givry-en-Argonne]] |- | 51273 | 51130 | [[Givry-lès-Loisy]] |- | 51274 | 51800 | [[Gizaucourt]] |- | 51275 | 51300 | [[Glannes]] |- | 51276 | 51230 | [[Gourgançon]] |- | 51278 | 51400 | [[Les Grandes-Loges]] |- | 51279 | 51260 | [[Granges-sur-Aube]] |- | 51280 | 51800 | [[Gratreuil]] |- | 51281 | 51190 | [[Grauves]] |- | 51282 | 51390 | [[Gueux (Matrona)|Gueux]] |- | 51283 | 51800 | [[Hans (Matrona)|Hans]] |- | 51284 | 51300 | [[Haussignémont]] |- | 51285 | 51320 | [[Haussimont]] |- | 51286 | 51290 | [[Hauteville (Matrona)|Hauteville]] |- | 51287 | 51160 | [[Hautvillers]] |- | 51288 | 51300 | [[Heiltz-le-Hutier]] |- | 51289 | 51340 | [[Heiltz-le-Maurupt]] |- | 51290 | 51340 | [[Heiltz-l'Évêque]] |- | 51291 | 51220 | [[Hermonville]] |- | 51292 | 51460 | [[Herpont]] |- | 51293 | 51110 | [[Hidericiaca Villa|Heutrégiville]] |- | 51294 | 51140 | [[Hourges]] |- | 51295 | 51300 | [[Huiron]] |- | 51296 | 51320 | [[Humbauville]] |- | 51298 | 51700 | [[Igny-Comblizy]] |- | 51299 | 51110 | [[Isles-sur-Suippe]] |- | 51300 | 51290 | [[Isle-sur-Marne]] |- | 51301 | 51150 | [[Isse]] |- | 51302 | 51190 | [[Les Istres-et-Bury]] |- | 51303 | 51150 | [[Jâlons]] |- | 51304 | 51210 | [[Janvilliers]] |- | 51305 | 51390 | [[Janvry (Matrona)|Janvry]] |- | 51306 | 51310 | [[Joiselle]] |- | 51307 | 51600 | [[Jonchery-sur-Suippe]] |- | 51308 | 51140 | [[Jonchery-sur-Vesle]] |- | 51309 | 51700 | [[Jonquery]] |- | 51310 | 51390 | [[Jouy-lès-Reims]] |- | 51311 | 51340 | [[Jussecourt-Minecourt]] |- | 51312 | 51150 | [[Juvigny (Matrona)|Juvigny]] |- | 51313 | 51120 | [[Lachy (Matrona)|Lachy]] |- | 51314 | 51170 | [[Lagery]] |- | 51315 | 51290 | [[Landricourt (Matrona)|Landricourt]] |- | 51316 | 51290 | [[Larzicourt]] |- | 51317 | 51600 | [[Laval-sur-Tourbe]] |- | 51318 | 51110 | [[Lavannes]] |- | 51319 | 51230 | [[Lenharrée]] |- | 51320 | 51700 | [[Leuvrigny]] |- | 51321 | 51170 | [[Lhéry]] |- | 51322 | 51290 | [[Lignon (Matrona)|Lignon]] |- | 51323 | 51230 | [[Linthelles]] |- | 51324 | 51230 | [[Linthes]] |- | 51325 | 51300 | [[Lisse-en-Champagne]] |- | 51326 | 51400 | [[Livry-Louvercy]] |- | 51327 | 51130 | [[Loisy-en-Brie]] |- | 51328 | 51300 | [[Loisy-sur-Marne]] |- | 51329 | 51220 | [[Loivre]] |- | 51331 | 51150 | [[Louvois (Matrona)|Louvois]] |- | 51333 | 51500 | [[Ludes]] |- | 51334 | 51300 | [[Luxémont-et-Villotte]] |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]] ! [[Numerus cursualis]] ! [[Commune]] |- | 51336 | 51800 | [[Maffrécourt]] |- | 51663 | 51530 | [[Mazenta (Francia)|Mazenta]] |- | 51337 | 51170 | [[Magneux (Matrona)|Magneux]] |- | 51338 | 51500 | [[Mailly-Champagne]] |- | 51339 | 51240 | [[Mairy-sur-Marne]] |- | 51340 | 51300 | [[Maisons-en-Champagne]] |- | 51341 | 51800 | [[Malmy]] |- | 51342 | 51530 | [[Mancy (Matrona)|Mancy]] |- | 51343 | 51260 | [[Marcelliacum]] |- | 51344 | 51530 | [[Mardeuil]] |- | 51345 | 51270 | [[Mareuil-en-Brie]] |- | 51346 | 51700 | [[Mareuil-le-Port]] |- | 51347 | 51160 | [[Mareuil-sur-Ay]] |- | 51348 | 51170 | [[Marfaux]] |- | 51349 | 51290 | [[Margerie-Hancourt]] |- | 51350 | 51210 | [[Margny (Matrona)|Margny]] |- | 51351 | 51230 | [[Marigny (Matrona)|Marigny]] |- | 51352 | 51300 | [[Marolles (Matrona)|Marolles]] |- | 51353 | 51260 | [[Marsangis]] |- | 51354 | 51240 | [[Marson]] |- | 51355 | 51800 | [[Massiges]] |- | 51356 | 51300 | [[Matignicourt-Goncourt]] |- | 51357 | 51510 | [[Matougues]] |- | 51358 | 51340 | [[Maurupt-le-Montois]] |- | 51359 | 51210 | [[Mécringes]] |- | 51360 | 51120 | [[Le Meix-Saint-Epoing]] |- | 51361 | 51320 | [[Le Meix-Tiercelin]] |- | 51362 | 51220 | [[Merfy]] |- | 51363 | 51300 | [[Merlaut]] |- | 51364 | 51390 | [[Méry-Prémecy]] |- | 51365 | 51370 | [[Les Mesneux]] |- | 51367 | 51190 | [[Le Mesnil-sur-Oger]] |- | 51368 | 51800 | [[Minaucourt-le-Mesnil-lès-Hurlus]] |- | 51369 | 51120 | [[Mœurs-Verdey]] |- | 51370 | 51800 | [[Moiremont]] |- | 51371 | 51240 | [[Moivre (Matrona)|Moivre]] |- | 51373 | 51290 | [[Moncetz-l'Abbaye]] |- | 51372 | 51470 | [[Moncetz-Longevas]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51374 | 51120 | [[Mondement-Montgivroux]] |- | 51375 | 51500 | [[Montbré]] |- | 51377 | 51320 | [[Montépreux]] |- | 51376 | 51260 | [[Montgenost]] |- | 51378 | 51530 | [[Monthelon (Matrona)|Monthelon]] |- | 51379 | 51140 | [[Montigny-sur-Vesle]] |- | 51380 | 51210 | [[Montmirail (Matrona)|Montmirail]] |- | 51381 | 51270 | [[Montmort-Lucy]] |- | 51382 | 51170 | [[Mont-sur-Courville]] |- | 51384 | 51530 | [[Morangis (Matrona)|Morangis]] |- | 51386 | 51210 | [[Morsains]] |- | 51387 | 51530 | [[Moslins]] |- | 51388 | 51400 | [[Mourmelon-le-Grand]] |- | 51389 | 51400 | [[Mourmelon-le-Petit]] |- | 51390 | 51530 | [[Moussy (Matrona)|Moussy]] |- | 51391 | 51140 | [[Muizon]] |- | 51392 | 51160 | [[Mutigny]] |- | 51393 | 51480 | [[Nanteuil-la-Forêt]] |- | 51395 | 51120 | [[Nesle-la-Reposte]] |- | 51396 | 51700 | [[Nesle-le-Repons]] |- | 51399 | 51800 | [[Nova Villa ad Pontem]] |- | 51397 | 51330 | [[La Neuville-aux-Bois]] |- | 51398 | 51480 | [[La Neuville-aux-Larris]] |- | 51402 | 51310 | [[Neuvy (Matrona)|Neuvy]] |- | 51403 | 51420 | [[Nogent-l'Abbesse]] |- | 51404 | 51330 | [[Noirlieu]] |- | 51406 | 51300 | [[Norrois]] |- | 51407 | 51310 | [[La Noue]] |- | 51409 | 51240 | [[Nuisement-sur-Coole]] |- | 51410 | 51480 | [[Œuilly (Matrona)|Œuilly]] |- | 51411 | 51190 | [[Oger (Matrona)|Oger]] |- | 51412 | 51230 | [[Ognes (Matrona)|Ognes]] |- | 51413 | 51530 | [[Oiry]] |- | 51414 | 51700 | [[Olizy]] |- | 51415 | 51240 | [[Omey]] |- | 51416 | 51270 | [[Orbais-l'Abbaye]] |- | 51417 | 51300 | [[Orconte]] |- | 51418 | 51370 | [[Ormes (Matrona)|Ormes]] |- | 51419 | 51290 | [[Outines]] |- | 51420 | 51300 | [[Outrepont]] |- | 51421 | 51120 | [[Oyes]] |- | 51422 | 51390 | [[Pargniacum in Montana]] |- | 51423 | 51340 | [[Parneium (Matrona)|Parneium]] |- | 51424 | 51800 | [[Passavant-en-Argonne]] |- | 51425 | 51700 | [[Passy-Grigny]] |- | 51426 | 51120 | [[Péas]] |- | 51428 | 51400 | [[Les Petites-Loges]] |- | 51429 | 51140 | [[Pévy]] |- | 51430 | 51130 | [[Pierre-Morains]] |- | 51431 | 51530 | [[Pierry]] |- | 51432 | 51230 | [[Pleurs]] |- | 51433 | 51300 | [[Plichancourt]] |- | 51434 | 51150 | [[Plivot]] |- | 51435 | 51130 | [[Pocancy]] |- | 51436 | 51240 | [[Pogny]] |- | 51437 | 51170 | [[Poilly]] |- | 51438 | 51460 | [[Poix]] |- | 51439 | 51110 | [[Pomacle]] |- | 51440 | 51490 | [[Pontfaverger-Moronvilliers]] |- | 51441 | 51300 | [[Ponthion]] |- | 51442 | 51330 | [[Possesse]] |- | 51443 | 51260 | [[Potangis]] |- | 51444 | 51220 | [[Pouillon (Matrona)|Pouillon]] |- | 51445 | 51480 | [[Pourcy]] |- | 51446 | 51300 | [[Pringy (Matrona)|Pringy]] |- | 51447 | 51400 | [[Prosnes]] |- | 51448 | 51140 | [[Prouilly]] |- | 51449 | 51360 | [[Prunay]] |- | 51450 | 51500 | [[Puisieulx]] |- | 51451 | 51120 | [[Queudes]] |- | 51452 | 51330 | [[Rapsécourt]] |- | 51453 | 51520 | [[Recy]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51454 | 51100 | [[Durocortorum]] |- | 51455 | 51300 | [[Reims-la-Brûlée]] |- | 51456 | 51330 | [[Remicourt (Matrona)|Remicourt]] |- | 51457 | 51480 | [[Reuil]] |- | 51458 | 51120 | [[Reuves]] |- | 51459 | 51310 | [[Réveillon (Matrona)|Réveillon]] |- | 51460 | 51210 | [[Rieux (Matrona)|Rieux]] |- | 51461 | 51500 | [[Rilly-la-Montagne]] |- | 51463 | 51300 | [[Les Rivières-Henruel]] |- | 51464 | 51140 | [[Romain (Matrona)|Romain]] |- | 51465 | 51480 | [[Romery (Matrona)|Romery]] |- | 51466 | 51170 | [[Romigny]] |- | 51468 | 51390 | [[Rosnay (Matrona)|Rosnay]] |- | 51469 | 51130 | [[Rouffy]] |- | 51470 | 51800 | [[Rouvroy-Ripont]] |- | 51471 | 51500 | [[Sacy (Matrona)|Sacy]] |- | 51472 | 51300 | [[Saint-Amand-sur-Fion]] |- | 51473 | 51310 | [[Saint-Bon]] |- | 51474 | 51370 | [[Saint-Brice-Courcelles]] <small><sup>(CAR)</sup></small> |- | 51475 | 51290 | [[Saint-Chéron (Matrona)|Saint-Chéron]] |- | 51480 | 51700 | [[Sainte-Gemme (Matrona)|Sainte-Gemme]] |- | 51501 | 51600 | [[Sainte-Marie-à-Py]] |- | 51277 | 51290 | [[Sainte-Marie-du-Lac-Nuisement]] |- | 51507 | 51800 | [[Sancta Manechildis]] |- | 51476 | 51460 | [[Saint-Étienne-au-Temple]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51477 | 51110 | [[Saint-Étienne-sur-Suippe]] |- | 51478 | 52100 | [[Saint-Eulien]] |- | 51479 | 51390 | [[Saint-Euphraise-et-Clairizet]] |- | 51482 | 51240 | [[Saint-Germain-la-Ville]] |- | 51483 | 51510 | [[Saint-Gibrien]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51484 | 51170 | [[Saint-Gilles (Matrona)|Saint-Gilles]] |- | 51485 | 51400 | [[Saint-Hilaire-au-Temple]] |- | 51486 | 51600 | [[Saint-Hilaire-le-Grand]] |- | 51487 | 51490 | [[Saint-Hilaire-le-Petit]] |- | 51488 | 51160 | [[Saint-Imoges]] |- | 51489 | 51330 | [[Saint-Jean-devant-Possesse]] |- | 51490 | 51240 | [[Saint-Jean-sur-Moivre]] |- | 51491 | 51600 | [[Saint-Jean-sur-Tourbe]] |- | 51492 | 51260 | [[Saint-Just-Sauvage]] |- | 51493 | 51500 | [[Saint-Léonard (Matrona)|Saint-Léonard]] |- | 51495 | 51120 | [[Saint-Loup (Matrona)|Saint-Loup]] |- | 51496 | 51300 | [[Saint-Lumier-en-Champagne]] |- | 51497 | 51340 | [[Saint-Lumier-la-Populeuse]] |- | 51499 | 51130 | [[Saint-Mard-lès-Rouffy]] |- | 51498 | 51800 | [[Saint-Mard-sur-Auve]] |- | 51500 | 51330 | [[Saint-Mard-sur-le-Mont]] |- | 51502 | 51240 | [[Saint-Martin-aux-Champs]] |- | 51002 | 51530 | [[Saint-Martin-d'Ablois]] |- | 51503 | 51490 | [[Saint-Martin-l'Heureux]] |- | 51504 | 51520 | [[Saint-Martin-sur-le-Pré]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51505 | 51490 | [[Saint-Masmes]] |- | 51506 | 51470 | [[Saint-Memmie]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51508 | 51320 | [[Saint-Ouen-Domprot]] |- | 51509 | 51510 | [[Saint-Pierre (Matrona)|Saint-Pierre]] |- | 51510 | 51300 | [[Saint-Quentin-les-Marais]] |- | 51511 | 51120 | [[Saint-Quentin-le-Verger]] |- | 51512 | 51240 | [[Saint-Quentin-sur-Coole]] |- | 51513 | 51290 | [[Saint-Remy-en-Bouzemont-Saint-Genest-et-Isson]] |- | 51514 | 51120 | [[Saint-Remy-sous-Broyes]] |- | 51515 | 51600 | [[Saint-Remy-sur-Bussy]] |- | 51516 | 51260 | [[Saint-Saturnin (Matrona)|Saint-Saturnin]] |- | 51517 | 51600 | [[Saint-Souplet-sur-Py]] |- | 51518 | 51220 | [[Saint-Thierry]] |- | 51519 | 51800 | [[Saint-Thomas-en-Argonne]] |- | 51520 | 51290 | [[Saint-Utin]] |- | 51521 | 51340 | [[Saint-Vrain (Matrona)|Saint-Vrain]] |- | 51522 | 52100 | [[Sapignicourt]] |- | 51523 | 51170 | [[Sarcy]] |- | 51524 | 51260 | [[Saron-sur-Aube]] |- | 51525 | 51520 | [[Sarry (Matrona)|Sarry]] <small><sup>(CAC)</sup></small> |- | 51526 | 51120 | [[Saudoy]] |- | 51527 | 51170 | [[Savigny-sur-Ardres]] |- | 51528 | 51340 | [[Scrupt]] |- | 51529 | 51490 | [[Selles (Matrona)|Selles]] |- | 51530 | 51400 | [[Sept-Saulx]] |- | 51531 | 51250 | [[Sermaize-les-Bains]] |- | 51532 | 51500 | [[Sermiers]] |- | 51533 | 51800 | [[Servon-Melzicourt]] |- | 51534 | 51170 | [[Serzy-et-Prin]] |- | 51535 | 51120 | [[Sézanne]] |- | 51536 | 51500 | [[Sillery (Matrona)|Sillery]] |- | 51537 | 51800 | [[Sivry-Ante]] |- | 51538 | 51520 | [[Sogny-aux-Moulins]] |- | 51539 | 51340 | [[Sogny-en-l'Angle]] |- | 51542 | 51120 | [[Soizy-aux-Bois]] |- | 51543 | 51800 | [[Summa Biona]] |- | 51544 | 51600 | [[Summus Pidus]] |- | 51545 | 51320 | [[Sommesous]] |- | 51546 | 51600 | [[Summa Suppia]] |- | 51547 | 51600 | [[Summa Turba]] |- | 51548 | 51460 | [[Summa Vidula]] |- | 51549 | 51330 | [[Somme-Yèvre]] |- | 51550 | 51320 | [[Sompuis]] |- | 51551 | 51290 | [[Somsois]] |- | 51552 | 51240 | [[Songy]] |- | 51553 | 51600 | [[Souain-Perthes-lès-Hurlus]] |- | 51555 | 51320 | [[Soudé]] |- | 51556 | 51320 | [[Soudron]] |- | 51557 | 51300 | [[Soulanges (Matrona)|Soulanges]] |- | 51558 | 51130 | [[Soulières]] |- | 51559 | 51600 | [[Suippes]] |- | 51560 | 51270 | [[Suizy-le-Franc]] |- | 51562 | 51500 | [[Taissy]] |- | 51563 | 51270 | [[Talus-Saint-Prix]] |- | 51564 | 51150 | [[Tauxières-Mutry]] |- | 51565 | 51230 | [[Thaas]] |- | 51566 | 51510 | [[Thibie]] |- | 51567 | 51300 | [[Thiéblemont-Farémont]] |- | 51568 | 51220 | [[Thil (Matrona)|Thil]] |- | 51569 | 51370 | [[Thillois]] |- | 51570 | 51210 | [[Le Thoult-Trosnay]] |- | 51572 | 51460 | [[Tilloy-et-Bellay]] |- | 51573 | 51430 | [[Tinqueux]] <small><sup>(CAR)</sup></small> |- | 51574 | 51240 | [[Togny-aux-Bœufs]] |- | 51576 | 51150 | [[Tours-sur-Marne]] |- | 51577 | 51170 | [[Tramery]] |- | 51578 | 51130 | [[Trécon]] |- | 51579 | 51210 | [[Tres Fagi]] |- | 51580 | 51380 | [[Trépail]] |- | 51581 | 51140 | [[Treslon]] |- | 51582 | 51140 | [[Trigny]] |- | 51583 | 51340 | [[Trois-Fontaines-l'Abbaye]] |- | 51584 | 51500 | [[Trois-Puits]] |- | 51585 | 51700 | [[Troissy]] |- | 51586 | 51170 | [[Unchair]] |- | 51587 | 51400 | [[Vadenay]] |- | 51158 | 51130 | [[Val-des-Marais]] |- | 51571 | 51360 | [[Val-de-Vesle]] |- | 51218 | 51340 | [[Val-de-Vière]] |- | 51588 | 51800 | [[Valmy]] |- | 51589 | 51330 | [[Vanault-le-Châtel]] |- | 51590 | 51340 | [[Vanault-les-Dames]] |- | 51591 | 51140 | [[Vandeuil]] |- | 51592 | 51700 | [[Vandières (Matrona)|Vandières]] |- | 51594 | 51320 | [[Vassimont-et-Chapelaine]] |- | 51595 | 51320 | [[Vatry]] |- | 51596 | 51210 | [[Vauchamps (Matrona)|Vauchamps]] |- | 51597 | 51480 | [[Vauciennes (Matrona)|Vauciennes]] |- | 51598 | 51300 | [[Vauclerc]] |- | 51599 | 51380 | [[Vaudemange]] |- | 51600 | 51600 | [[Vaudesincourt]] |- | 51601 | 51300 | [[Vavray-le-Grand]] |- | 51602 | 51300 | [[Vavray-le-Petit]] |- | 51603 | 51130 | [[Vélye]] |- | 51604 | 51140 | [[Ventelay]] |- | 51605 | 51480 | [[Venteuil]] |- | 51607 | 51210 | [[Verdon (Matrona)|Verdon]] |- | 51608 | 51330 | [[Vernancourt]] |- | 51609 | 51700 | [[Verneuil (Matrona)|Verneuil]] |- | 51610 | 51800 | [[Verrières (Matrona)|Verrières]] |- | 51611 | 51130 | [[Vert-Toulon]] |- | 51612 | 51130 | [[Vertus]] |- | 51613 | 51360 | [[Verzenay]] |- | 51614 | 51380 | [[Verzy]] |- | 51616 | 51240 | [[Vésigneul-sur-Marne]] |- | 51617 | 51520 | [[La Veuve]] |- | 51618 | 51210 | [[Le Vézier]] |- | 51619 | 51330 | [[Le Vieil-Dampierre]] |- | 51620 | 51800 | [[Vienna Villa]] |- | 51621 | 51800 | [[Vienne-le-Château]] |- | 51622 | 51390 | [[Ville-Dommange]] |- | 51623 | 51500 | [[Ville-en-Selve]] |- | 51624 | 51170 | [[Ville-en-Tardenois]] |- | 51625 | 51310 | [[Villeneuve-la-Lionne]] |- | 51626 | 51120 | [[La Villeneuve-lès-Charleville]] |- | 51627 | 51130 | [[Villeneuve-Renneville-Chevigny]] |- | 51628 | 51120 | [[Villeneuve-Saint-Vistre-et-Villevotte]] |- | 51629 | 51500 | [[Villers-Allerand]] |- | 51630 | 51130 | [[Villers-aux-Bois]] |- | 51631 | 51500 | [[Villers-aux-Nœuds]] |- | 51632 | 51800 | [[Villers-en-Argonne]] |- | 51633 | 51220 | [[Villers-Franqueux]] |- | 51634 | 51510 | [[Villers-le-Château]] |- | 51635 | 51250 | [[Villers-le-Sec (Matrona)|Villers-le-Sec]] |- | 51636 | 51380 | [[Villers-Marmery]] |- | 51637 | 51700 | [[Villers-sous-Châtillon]] |- | 51638 | 51130 | [[Villeseneux]] |- | 51639 | 51270 | [[La Ville-sous-Orbais]] |- | 51640 | 51800 | [[Ville-sur-Tourbe]] |- | 51641 | 51270 | [[Villevenard]] |- | 51642 | 51260 | [[Villiers-aux-Corneilles]] |- | 51643 | 51530 | [[Vinay (Matrona)|Vinay]] |- | 51644 | 51700 | [[Vincelles (Matrona)|Vincelles]] |- | 51645 | 51120 | [[Vindey]] |- | 51646 | 51800 | [[Virginy]] |- | 51647 | 51300 | [[Vitry-en-Perthois]] |- | 51648 | 51240 | [[Vitry-la-Ville]] |- | 51649 | 51300 | [[Vitry-le-François]] |- | 51650 | 51800 | [[Voilemont]] |- | 51651 | 51130 | [[Voipreux]] |- | 51652 | 51260 | [[Vouarces]] |- | 51654 | 51340 | [[Vouillers]] |- | 51655 | 51130 | [[Vouzy]] |- | 51656 | 51150 | [[Vraux]] |- | 51657 | 51390 | [[Vrigny (Matrona)|Vrigny]] |- | 51658 | 51330 | [[Vroil]] |- | 51659 | 51800 | [[Wargemoulin-Hurlus]] |- | 51660 | 51110 | [[Warmeriville]] |- | 51662 | 51420 | [[Witry-lès-Reims]] |} {{Indices communium praefecturarum Franciae}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Matronae|!]] 63n4vk977yr1ck22a2s57ju1u43lw6u Index communium praefecturae Vosegi 0 123776 3974939 3974252 2026-07-27T10:43:44Z Pippobuono 54500 nomen latine 3974939 wikitext text/x-wiki Hic est index [[commune|communium]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] praefecturae [[Francia|Francicae]], cui subsunt communia 515 numero. [[Fasciculus:Vosges-Position.png|thumb|Situs praefecturae]] [[Fasciculus: Senones vu du Petit Paris.jpg|thumb|Despectus in ''[[ Senones ]]'']] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]] ! [[Numerus cursualis]] ! [[Commune]] |- | 88001 | 88270 | [[Les Ableuvenettes]] |- | 88002 | 88500 | [[Ahéville]] |- | 88003 | 88140 | [[Aingeville]] |- | 88004 | 88320 | [[Ainvelle (Vosegus)|Ainvelle]] |- | 88005 | 88110 | [[Allarmont]] |- | 88006 | 88500 | [[Ambacuria]] |- | 88007 | 88410 | [[Ameuvelle]] |- | 88008 | 88700 | [[Anglemont]] |- | 88009 | 88650 | [[Anould]] |- | 88010 | 88170 | [[Aouze]] |- | 88011 | 88380 | [[Arches (Vosegus)|Arches]] |- | 88012 | 88380 | [[Archettes]] |- | 88013 | 88170 | [[Aroffe]] |- | 88014 | 88430 | [[Arrentès-de-Corcieux]] |- | 88015 | 88300 | [[Attignéville]] |- | 88016 | 88260 | [[Attigny (Vosegus)|Attigny]] |- | 88017 | 88300 | [[Aulnois]] |- | 88018 | 88640 | [[Aumontzey]] |- | 88019 | 88300 | [[Autigny-la-Tour]] |- | 88020 | 88300 | [[Autreville (Vosegus)|Autreville]] |- | 88021 | 88700 | [[Autrey (Vosegus)|Autrey]] |- | 88022 | 88140 | [[Auzainvilliers]] |- | 88023 | 88500 | [[Avillers (Vosegus)|Avillers]] |- | 88024 | 88130 | [[Avrainville (Vosegus)|Avrainville]] |- | 88025 | 88630 | [[Avranville]] |- | 88026 | 88600 | [[Aydoilles]] |- | 88027 | 88330 | [[Badménil-aux-Bois]] |- | 88028 | 88460 | [[La Baffe]] |- | 88029 | 88240 | [[Bains-les-Bains]] |- | 88030 | 88270 | [[Bainville-aux-Saules]] |- | 88031 | 88170 | [[Balléville]] |- | 88032 | 88520 | [[Ban-de-Laveline]] |- | 88033 | 88210 | [[Ban-de-Sapt]] |- | 88106 | 88230 | [[Ban-sur-Meurthe-Clefcy]] |- | 88035 | 88640 | [[Barbey-Seroux]] |- | 88036 | 88300 | [[Barville (Vosegus)|Barville]] |- | 88037 | 88120 | [[Basse-sur-le-Rupt]] |- | 88038 | 88130 | [[Battexey]] |- | 88039 | 88500 | [[Baudricourt]] |- | 88040 | 88150 | [[Bayecourt]] |- | 88041 | 88270 | [[Bazegney]] |- | 88042 | 88700 | [[Bazien]] |- | 88043 | 88500 | [[Bazoilles-et-Ménil]] |- | 88044 | 88300 | [[Bazoilles-sur-Meuse]] |- | 88045 | 88300 | [[Beaufremont]] |- | 88046 | 88600 | [[Beauménil]] |- | 88047 | 88270 | [[Begnécourt]] |- | 88048 | 88370 | [[Bellefontaine (Vosegus)|Bellefontaine]] |- | 88049 | 88260 | [[Belmont-lès-Darney]] |- | 88050 | 88600 | [[Belmont-sur-Buttant]] |- | 88051 | 88800 | [[Belmont-sur-Vair]] |- | 88052 | 88260 | [[Belrupt]] |- | 88053 | 88210 | [[Belval (Vosegus)|Belval]] |- | 88054 | 88520 | [[Bertrimoutier]] |- | 88055 | 88450 | [[Bettegney-Saint-Brice]] |- | 88056 | 88500 | [[Bettoncourt]] |- | 88057 | 88490 | [[Le Beulay]] |- | 88058 | 88170 | [[Biécourt]] |- | 88059 | 88430 | [[Biffontaine]] |- | 88060 | 88500 | [[Blémerey (Vosegus)|Blémerey]] |- | 88061 | 88410 | [[Bleurville]] |- | 88062 | 88320 | [[Blevaincourt]] |- | 88063 | 88270 | [[Bocquegney]] |- | 88064 | 88600 | [[Bois-de-Champ]] |- | 88065 | 88260 | [[Bonvillet]] |- | 88066 | 88500 | [[Boulaincourt]] |- | 88068 | 88470 | [[La Bourgonce]] |- | 88069 | 88270 | [[Bouxières-aux-Bois]] |- | 88070 | 88130 | [[Bouxurulles]] |- | 88071 | 88270 | [[Bouzemont]] |- | 88073 | 88130 | [[Brantigny]] |- | 88074 | 88350 | [[Brechainville]] |- | 88075 | 88250 | [[La Bresse]] |- | 88076 | 88600 | [[Brouvelieures]] |- | 88077 | 88700 | [[Brû]] |- | 88078 | 88600 | [[Bruyères]] |- | 88079 | 88140 | [[Boloniacivilla]] |- | 88080 | 88700 | [[Bult]] |- | 88081 | 88540 | [[Bussang]] |- | 88082 | 88110 | [[Celles-sur-Plaine]] |- | 88083 | 88300 | [[Certilleux]] |- | 88084 | 88130 | [[Chamagne]] |- | 88085 | 88640 | [[Champdray]] |- | 88086 | 88600 | [[Ducis Campus|Champ-le-Duc]] |- | 88087 | 88000 | [[Chantraine (commune)|Chantraine]] |- | 88088 | 88240 | [[La Chapelle-aux-Bois]] |- | 88089 | 88600 | [[La Chapelle-devant-Bruyères]] |- | 88090 | 88130 | [[Carpinia]] |- | 88091 | 88460 | [[Charmois-devant-Bruyères]] |- | 88092 | 88270 | [[Charmois-l'Orgueilleux]] |- | 88093 | 88210 | [[Châtas]] |- | 88094 | 88330 | [[Châtel-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88095 | 88170 | [[Châtenois (Vosegus)|Châtenois]] |- | 88096 | 88410 | [[Châtillon-sur-Saône]] |- | 88097 | 88500 | [[Chauffecourt]] |- | 88098 | 88390 | [[Chaumousey]] |- | 88099 | 88150 | [[Chavelot]] |- | 88100 | 88500 | [[Chef-Haut]] |- | 88101 | 88460 | [[Cheniménil]] |- | 88102 | 88630 | [[Chermisey]] |- | 88103 | 88270 | [[Circourt]] |- | 88104 | 88300 | [[Circourt-sur-Mouzon]] |- | 88105 | 88410 | [[Claudon]] |- | 88107 | 88630 | [[Clérey-la-Côte]] |- | 88108 | 88240 | [[Le Clerjus]] |- | 88109 | 88120 | [[Cleurie]] |- | 88110 | 88700 | [[Clézentaine]] |- | 88111 | 88100 | [[Coinches]] |- | 88112 | 88490 | [[Colretum]] |- | 88113 | 88490 | [[Combrimont]] |- | 88114 | 88140 | [[Gundrecivilla]] |- | 88115 | 88430 | [[Corcieux]] |- | 88116 | 88310 | [[Cornimont]] |- | 88117 | 88170 | [[Courcelles-sous-Châtenois]] |- | 88118 | 88630 | [[Coussey]] |- | 88119 | 88140 | [[Crainvilliers]] |- | 88120 | 88520 | [[La Croix-aux-Mines]] |- | 88121 | 88330 | [[Damas-aux-Bois]] |- | 88122 | 88270 | [[Damas-et-Bettegney]] |- | 88123 | 88320 | [[Damblain]] |- | 88124 | 88260 | [[Darney]] |- | 88125 | 88170 | [[Darney-aux-Chênes]] |- | 88126 | 88390 | [[Darnieulles]] |- | 88127 | 88700 | [[Deinvillers]] |- | 88128 | 88210 | [[Denipaire]] |- | 88129 | 88270 | [[Derbamont]] |- | 88130 | 88600 | [[Destord]] |- | 88131 | 88600 | [[Deycimont]] |- | 88132 | 88000 | [[Deyvillers]] |- | 88133 | 88000 | [[Dignonville]] |- | 88134 | 88000 | [[Dinozé]] |- | 88135 | 88460 | [[Docelles]] |- | 88136 | 88000 | [[Dogneville]] |- | 88137 | 88170 | [[Dolaincourt]] |- | 88138 | 88260 | [[Dombasle-devant-Darney]] |- | 88139 | 88500 | [[Dombasle-en-Xaintois]] |- | 88140 | 88140 | [[Dombrot-le-Sec]] |- | 88141 | 88170 | [[Dombrot-sur-Vair]] |- | 88144 | 88500 | [[Domèvre-sous-Montfort]] |- | 88142 | 88390 | [[Domèvre-sur-Avière]] |- | 88143 | 88330 | [[Domèvre-sur-Durbion]] |- | 88145 | 88600 | [[Domfaing]] |- | 88146 | 88800 | [[Domjulien]] |- | 88147 | 88390 | [[Dommartin-aux-Bois]] |- | 88148 | 88200 | [[Domnus Martinus (Romaricus Mons)]] |- | 88149 | 88260 | [[Dommartin-lès-Vallois]] |- | 88150 | 88170 | [[Dommartin-sur-Vraine]] |- | 88151 | 88270 | [[Donoparium]] |- | 88152 | 88600 | [[Dompierre (Vosegus)|Dompierre]] |- | 88153 | 88700 | [[Domptail]] |- | 88154 | 88630 | [[Domnum Remigium]] |- | 88155 | 88500 | [[Domvallier]] |- | 88156 | 88700 | [[Doncières]] |- | 88157 | 88220 | [[Dounoux]] |- | 88158 | 88510 | [[Éloyes]] |- | 88159 | 88650 | [[Entre-deux-Eaux]] |- | 88160 | 88000 | [[Spinalium]] |- | 88161 | 88260 | [[Escles]] |- | 88162 | 88260 | [[Esley]] |- | 88163 | 88130 | [[Essegney]] |- | 88164 | 88500 | [[Estrennes]] |- | 88165 | 88480 | [[Étival-Clairefontaine]] |- | 88166 | 88450 | [[Évaux-et-Ménil]] |- | 88167 | 88460 | [[Faucompierre]] |- | 88168 | 88700 | [[Fauconcourt]] |- | 88169 | 88600 | [[Fays (Vosegus)|Fays]] |- | 88170 | 88360 | [[Ferdrupt]] |- | 88171 | 88410 | [[Fignévelle]] |- | 88172 | 88600 | [[Fiménil]] |- | 88173 | 88130 | [[Florémont]] |- | 88174 | 88390 | [[Fomerey]] |- | 88175 | 88600 | [[Fontenay (Vosegus)|Fontenay]] |- | 88176 | 88240 | [[Fontenoy-le-Château]] |- | 88177 | 88530 | [[La Forge (Vosegus)|La Forge]] |- | 88178 | 88390 | [[Les Forges (Vosegus)|Les Forges]] |- | 88179 | 88320 | [[Fouchécourt (Vosegus)|Fouchécourt]] |- | 88180 | 88320 | [[Frain]] |- | 88181 | 88230 | [[Fraize]] |- | 88182 | 88490 | [[Frapelle]] |- | 88183 | 88630 | [[Frebécourt]] |- | 88184 | 88600 | [[Fremifontaine]] |- | 88185 | 88500 | [[Frenelle-la-Grande]] |- | 88186 | 88500 | [[Frenelle-la-Petite]] |- | 88187 | 88270 | [[Frénois (Vosegus)|Frénois]] |- | 88188 | 88160 | [[Fresse-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88189 | 88350 | [[Fréville (Vosegus)|Fréville]] |- | 88190 | 88440 | [[Frizon]] |- | 88192 | 88270 | [[Gelvécourt-et-Adompt]] |- | 88193 | 88520 | [[Gemaingoutte]] |- | 88194 | 88170 | [[Gemmelaincourt]] |- | 88195 | 88140 | [[Gendreville]] |- | 88196 | 88400 | [[Gérardmer]] |- | 88197 | 88120 | [[Gerbamont]] |- | 88198 | 88430 | [[Gerbépal]] |- | 88199 | 88320 | [[Gignéville]] |- | 88200 | 88390 | [[Gigney]] |- | 88201 | 88390 | [[Girancourt]] |- | 88202 | 88500 | [[Gircourt-lès-Viéville]] |- | 88203 | 88600 | [[Girecourt-sur-Durbion]] |- | 88205 | 88340 | [[Girmont-Val-d'Ajol]] |- | 88206 | 88170 | [[Gironcourt-sur-Vraine]] |- | 88208 | 88410 | [[Godoncourt]] |- | 88209 | 88190 | [[Golbey]] |- | 88210 | 88270 | [[Gorhey]] |- | 88212 | 88350 | [[Grand (Vosegus)|Grand]] |- | 88213 | 88490 | [[Magna Fossa]] |- | 88215 | 88210 | [[Grandrupt]] |- | 88214 | 88240 | [[Grandrupt-de-Bains]] |- | 88216 | 88600 | [[Grandvillers]] |- | 88218 | 88640 | [[Granges-sur-Vologne]] |- | 88219 | 88630 | [[Greux]] |- | 88220 | 88410 | [[Grignoncourt]] |- | 88221 | 88240 | [[Gruey-lès-Surance]] |- | 88222 | 88600 | [[Gugnécourt]] |- | 88223 | 88450 | [[Gugney-aux-Aulx]] |- | 88224 | 88330 | [[Hadigny-les-Verrières]] |- | 88225 | 88220 | [[Hadol]] |- | 88226 | 88270 | [[Hagécourt]] |- | 88227 | 88300 | [[Hagnéville-et-Roncourt]] |- | 88228 | 88330 | [[Haillainville]] |- | 88229 | 88300 | [[Harchéchamp]] |- | 88230 | 88700 | [[Hardancourt]] |- | 88231 | 88800 | [[Haréville]] |- | 88232 | 88300 | [[Harmonville]] |- | 88233 | 88270 | [[Harol]] |- | 88234 | 88240 | [[Harsault]] |- | 88235 | 88240 | [[Hautmougey]] |- | 88236 | 88240 | [[La Haye (Vosegus)|La Haye]] |- | 88237 | 88270 | [[Hennecourt]] |- | 88238 | 88260 | [[Hennezel]] |- | 88239 | 88130 | [[Hergugney]] |- | 88240 | 88600 | [[Herpelmont]] |- | 88241 | 88170 | [[Houécourt]] |- | 88242 | 88300 | [[Houéville]] |- | 88243 | 88700 | [[Housseras]] |- | 88244 | 88430 | [[La Houssière]] |- | 88245 | 88210 | [[Hurbache]] |- | 88246 | 88500 | [[Hymont]] |- | 88247 | 88150 | [[Igney (Vosegus)|Igney]] |- | 88248 | 88320 | [[Isches]] |- | 88249 | 88300 | [[Jainvillotte]] |- | 88250 | 88550 | [[Jarménil]] |- | 88251 | 88700 | [[Jeanménil]] |- | 88252 | 88260 | [[Jésonville]] |- | 88253 | 88000 | [[Jeuxey]] |- | 88254 | 88500 | [[Jorxey]] |- | 88255 | 88630 | [[Jubainville]] |- | 88256 | 88640 | [[Jussarupt]] |- | 88257 | 88500 | [[Juvaincourt]] |- | 88258 | 88320 | [[Lamarche]] |- | 88259 | 88300 | [[Landaville]] |- | 88260 | 88130 | [[Langley (Vosegus)|Langley]] |- | 88261 | 88600 | [[Laval-sur-Vologne]] |- | 88262 | 88600 | [[Laveline-devant-Bruyères]] |- | 88263 | 88640 | [[Laveline-du-Houx]] |- | 88264 | 88270 | [[Légéville-et-Bonfays]] |- | 88265 | 88300 | [[Lemmecourt]] |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! [[INSEE|Numerus INSEE]] ! [[Numerus cursualis]] ! [[Commune]] |- | 88266 | 88600 | [[Lépanges-sur-Vologne]] |- | 88267 | 88260 | [[Lerrain]] |- | 88268 | 88490 | [[Lesseux]] |- | 88269 | 88400 | [[Liézey]] |- | 88270 | 88350 | [[Liffol-le-Grand]] |- | 88271 | 88800 | [[Lignéville]] |- | 88272 | 88410 | [[Lironcourt]] |- | 88273 | 88000 | [[Longchamp (Vosegus)|Longchamp]] |- | 88274 | 88170 | [[Longchamp-sous-Châtenois]] |- | 88275 | 88490 | [[Lubine]] |- | 88276 | 88490 | [[Lusse]] |- | 88277 | 88110 | [[Luvigny]] |- | 88278 | 88170 | [[Maconcourt]] |- | 88279 | 88270 | [[Madecourt]] |- | 88280 | 88450 | [[Madegney]] |- | 88281 | 88270 | [[Madonne-et-Lamerey]] |- | 88282 | 88240 | [[Le Magny (Vosegus)|Le Magny]] |- | 88283 | 88140 | [[Malaincourt]] |- | 88284 | 88650 | [[Mandray]] |- | 88285 | 88800 | [[Mandres-sur-Vair]] |- | 88286 | 88130 | [[Marainville-sur-Madon]] |- | 88287 | 88320 | [[Marey (Vosegus)|Marey]] |- | 88288 | 88270 | [[Maroncourt]] |- | 88289 | 88320 | [[Martigny-les-Bains]] |- | 88290 | 88300 | [[Martigny-les-Gerbonvaux]] |- | 88291 | 88410 | [[Martinvelle]] |- | 88292 | 88500 | [[Mattaincourt]] |- | 88293 | 88630 | [[Maxey-sur-Meuse]] |- | 88294 | 88150 | [[Mazeley]] |- | 88295 | 88500 | [[Mazirot]] |- | 88296 | 88140 | [[Médonville]] |- | 88297 | 88600 | [[Méménil]] |- | 88298 | 88700 | [[Ménarmont]] |- | 88302 | 88160 | [[Le Ménil]] |- | 88300 | 88210 | [[Ménil-de-Senones]] |- | 88299 | 88500 | [[Mansile in Sanctesio]] |- | 88301 | 88700 | [[Ménil-sur-Belvitte]] |- | 88303 | 88630 | [[Midrevaux]] |- | 88304 | 88500 | [[Mirecurtium]] |- | 88305 | 88630 | [[Moncel-sur-Vair]] |- | 88306 | 88210 | [[Le Mont]] |- | 88309 | 88800 | [[Monthureux-le-Sec]] |- | 88310 | 88410 | [[Monthureux-sur-Saône]] |- | 88307 | 88320 | [[Mont-lès-Lamarche]] |- | 88308 | 88300 | [[Mont-lès-Neufchâteau]] |- | 88311 | 88240 | [[Montmotier]] |- | 88312 | 88170 | [[Morelmaison]] |- | 88313 | 88330 | [[Moriville]] |- | 88314 | 88320 | [[Morizécourt]] |- | 88315 | 88600 | [[Mortagne (Vosegus)|Mortagne]] |- | 88316 | 88140 | [[Morville (Vosegus)|Morville]] |- | 88317 | 88210 | [[Moussey (Vosegus)|Moussey]] |- | 88318 | 88700 | [[Moyemont]] |- | 88319 | 88420 | [[Moyenmoutier]] |- | 88320 | 88100 | [[Nayemont-les-Fosses]] |- | 88321 | 88300 | [[Neocastrum (Francia)|Neocastrum]] |- | 88322 | 88600 | [[La Neuveville-devant-Lépanges]] |- | 88324 | 88170 | [[La Neuveville-sous-Châtenois]] |- | 88325 | 88800 | [[La Neuveville-sous-Montfort]] |- | 88326 | 88100 | [[Neuvillers-sur-Fave]] |- | 88327 | 88440 | [[Nomexy]] |- | 88328 | 88470 | [[Nompatelize]] |- | 88330 | 88260 | [[Nonville (Vosegus)|Nonville]] |- | 88331 | 88600 | [[Nonzeville]] |- | 88332 | 88800 | [[Norroy]] |- | 88333 | 88700 | [[Nossoncourt]] |- | 88334 | 88500 | [[Oëlleville]] |- | 88335 | 88500 | [[Offroicourt]] |- | 88336 | 88170 | [[Ollainville (Vosegus)|Ollainville]] |- | 88338 | 88700 | [[Ortoncourt]] |- | 88340 | 88700 | [[Padoux]] |- | 88341 | 88100 | [[Pair-et-Grandrupt]] |- | 88342 | 88330 | [[Pallegney]] |- | 88343 | 88800 | [[Parey-sous-Montfort]] |- | 88344 | 88350 | [[Pargniacum subtus Mirevallem]] |- | 88345 | 88490 | [[La Petite-Fosse]] |- | 88346 | 88210 | [[La Petite-Raon]] |- | 88347 | 88270 | [[Petraficta (Vosegus)|Petraficta]] |- | 88348 | 88600 | [[Petreus Pons]] |- | 88349 | 88230 | [[Plenifesium]] |- | 88350 | 88170 | [[Pluvesia]] |- | 88351 | 88370 | [[Plumberae]] |- | 88352 | 88300 | [[Pomperra (Vosegus)|Pomperra]] |- | 88353 | 88260 | [[Pons iuxta Undinovilla]] |- | 88354 | 88500 | [[Pont-sur-Madon]] |- | 88355 | 88330 | [[Portus Caelorum]] |- | 88356 | 88600 | [[Les Poulières]] |- | 88357 | 88500 | [[Portus Suavis]] |- | 88358 | 88550 | [[Pouxeux]] |- | 88359 | 88600 | [[Prey (Vosegus)|Prey]] |- | 88360 | 88260 | [[Provenchères-lès-Darney]] |- | 88361 | 88490 | [[Provenchères-et-Colroy]] |- | 88362 | 88210 | [[Le Puid]] |- | 88363 | 88630 | [[Purneretum]] |- | 88364 | 88500 | [[Puzieux (Vosegus)|Puzieux]] |- | 88365 | 88270 | [[Racécourt]] |- | 88366 | 88170 | [[Radalli villa]] |- | 88367 | 88700 | [[Rambervilleriae]] |- | 88368 | 88500 | [[Rancuria]] |- | 88369 | 88160 | [[Romarici campus]] |- | 88370 | 88270 | [[Radonis curtis]] |- | 88371 | 88220 | [[Rapo ad Silvas]] |- | 88372 | 88110 | [[Rapo ad Stationem]] |- | 88373 | 88110 | [[Raon-sur-Plaine]] |- | 88374 | 88130 | [[Rapey]] |- | 88375 | 88520 | [[Raves (Vosegus)|Raves]] |- | 88376 | 88300 | [[Ribovilla]] |- | 88377 | 88410 | [[Rainharii villa]] |- | 88378 | 88450 | [[Regney]] |- | 88379 | 88330 | [[Ranconis curtis]] |- | 88380 | 88640 | [[Rehaupal]] |- | 88381 | 88260 | [[Relangia]] |- | 88382 | 88500 | [[Rimacuria]] |- | 88383 | 88200 | [[Romarici Mons]] |- | 88386 | 88100 | [[Remomeix]] |- | 88385 | 88800 | [[Romulficuria]] |- | 88387 | 88170 | [[Ramaldi villa]] |- | 88388 | 88390 | [[Renauvoid]] |- | 88389 | 88500 | [[Reparium]] |- | 88390 | 88320 | [[Roberticuria]] |- | 88391 | 88120 | [[Rochesson]] |- | 88394 | 88320 | [[Romania ad Silvas]] |- | 88395 | 88700 | [[Rotmundum]] |- | 88398 | 88600 | [[Les Rouges-Eaux]] |- | 88399 | 88460 | [[Le Roulier]] |- | 88400 | 88500 | [[Ruvera in Sanctesio]] |- | 88401 | 88170 | [[Roverium (Vosegus)|Roverium]] |- | 88402 | 88700 | [[Rovilla ad Quercus]] |- | 88403 | 88500 | [[Roserota]] |- | 88404 | 88320 | [[Roseriae supra Mosunam]] |- | 88406 | 88130 | [[Rugney]] |- | 88407 | 88630 | [[Ruppes]] |- | 88408 | 88360 | [[Rupt-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88409 | 88120 | [[Saint-Amé]] |- | 88411 | 88260 | [[Sanctus Basolimons]] |- | 88412 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Benedictus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Benedictus]] |- | 88413 | 88100 | [[Sanctus Deodatus (urbs)|Sanctus Deodatus]] |- | 88410 | 88700 | [[Sancta Barbara (Vosegus)|Sancta Barbara]] |- | 88418 | 88700 | [[Sancta Helena (Vosegus)|Sancta Helena]] |- | 88424 | 88100 | [[Sancta Margareta (Vosegus)|Sancta Margareta]] |- | 88415 | 88200 | [[Sanctus Stephanus ultra Mosellam]] |- | 88416 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Genesius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Genesius]] |- | 88417 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Gorgonius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Gorgonius]] |- | 88419 | 88210 | [[Saint-Jean-d'Ormont]] |- | 88421 | 88410 | [[Sanctus Iulianus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Iulianus]] |- | 88423 | 88650 | [[Sanctus Leonardus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Leonardus]] |- | 88425 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Mauricius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Mauricius]] |- | 88426 | 88560 | [[Saint-Maurice-sur-Moselle]] |- | 88427 | 88170 | [[Sanctus Memmius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Memmius]] |- | 88428 | 88470 | [[Saint-Michel-sur-Meurthe]] |- | 88429 | 88200 | [[Sanctus Nabor (Vosegus)|Sanctus Nabor]] |- | 88430 | 88140 | [[Sanctus Audoenus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Audoenus]] |- | 88431 | 88170 | [[Sanctus Paulus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Paulus]] |- | 88432 | 88700 | [[Sanctus Petrimons]] |- | 88433 | 88500 | [[Sanctus Pancratius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Pancratius]] |- | 88434 | 88800 | [[Sancti Remigii Mons (Vosegus)|Sancti Remigii Mons]] |- | 88435 | 88480 | [[Sanctus Remigius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Remigius]] |- | 88436 | 88210 | [[Sanctus Stephanus (Vosegus)|Sanctus Stephanus]] |- | 88437 | 88270 | [[Sanctus Valerius (Vosegus)|Sanctus Valerius]] |- | 88438 | 88470 | [[La Salle (Vosegus)|La Salle]] |- | 88439 | 88390 | [[Sanchey]] |- | 88440 | 88170 | [[Sandaucuria]] |- | 88441 | 88260 | [[Sans-Vallois]] |- | 88442 | 88120 | [[Sapois (Vosegus)|Sapois]] |- | 88443 | 88300 | [[Sartes]] |- | 88444 | 88210 | [[Le Saulcy]] |- | 88445 | 88580 | [[Salicetum (Vosegus)|Salicetum]] |- | 88446 | 88140 | [[Salsurae (Vosegus)|Salsurae]] |- | 88447 | 88290 | [[Salsuriae]] |- | 88448 | 88140 | [[Seivilla]] |- | 88449 | 88130 | [[Saviniacum (Vosegus)|Saviniacum]] |- | 88450 | 88320 | [[Senagda]] |- | 88451 | 88210 | [[Senonia (Vosegus)|Senonia]] |- | 88452 | 88260 | [[Senonges]] |- | 88453 | 88630 | [[Seromons]] |- | 88454 | 88600 | [[Sarcus (Vosegus)|Sarcus]] |- | 88455 | 88320 | [[Sirecuria]] |- | 88456 | 88320 | [[Serocourt]] |- | 88457 | 88630 | [[Seona (Vosegus)|Seona]] |- | 88458 | 88130 | [[Solicuria]] |- | 88459 | 88170 | [[Soncuria]] |- | 88460 | 88630 | [[Solicia]] |- | 88461 | 88140 | [[Serewavilla]] |- | 88462 | 88120 | [[Le Syndicat]] |- | 88463 | 88100 | [[Tinctorivus]] |- | 88464 | 88460 | [[Tendon (Vosegus)|Tendon]] |- | 88465 | 88150 | [[Tado]] |- | 88466 | 88800 | [[Tillia]] |- | 88467 | 88290 | [[Thiéfosse]] |- | 88468 | 88160 | [[Le Thillot]] |- | 88469 | 88500 | [[Tirocuria]] |- | 88470 | 88530 | [[Le Tholy]] |- | 88471 | 88410 | [[Les Thons]] |- | 88472 | 88260 | [[Thuillières]] |- | 88473 | 88320 | [[Tignécourt]] |- | 88474 | 88300 | [[Tellum (Vosegus)|Tellum]] |- | 88475 | 88320 | [[Toteleni curtis]] |- | 88476 | 88500 | [[Totoni villa]] |- | 88477 | 88350 | [[Trampodium]] |- | 88478 | 88300 | [[Tranculfi villa]] |- | 88479 | 88240 | [[Trémonzey]] |- | 88480 | 88130 | [[Ubexy]] |- | 88481 | 88220 | [[Uriménil]] |- | 88482 | 88140 | [[Eurivilla]] |- | 88483 | 88390 | [[Ursiniacum]] |- | 88484 | 88220 | [[Usminga]] |- | 88485 | 88140 | [[La Vacheresse-et-la-Rouillie]] |- | 88486 | 88120 | [[Vainiacum]] |- | 88487 | 88340 | [[Le Val-d'Ajol]] |- | 88488 | 88270 | [[Valefridicurtis]] |- | 88489 | 88270 | [[Vallis Regia (Vosegus)|Vallis Regia]] |- | 88490 | 88800 | [[Vallis Regia Sicca]] |- | 88491 | 88260 | [[Tres Valesii]] |- | 88492 | 88230 | [[Le Valtin]] |- | 88493 | 88450 | [[Varmonzey]] |- | 88494 | 88500 | [[Vaubexy]] |- | 88495 | 88000 | [[Waldinivilla]] |- | 88496 | 88140 | [[Valdonis curtis (Vosegus)|Valdonis curtis]] |- | 88497 | 88330 | [[Wauxoncuria]] |- | 88498 | 88200 | [[Vecoux]] |- | 88499 | 88270 | [[Velotte-et-Tatignécourt]] |- | 88500 | 88310 | [[Ventron]] |- | 88501 | 88210 | [[Le Vermont]] |- | 88502 | 88600 | [[Vervezelle]] |- | 88503 | 88110 | [[Vexaincourt]] |- | 88504 | 88170 | [[Vicherey]] |- | 88505 | 88430 | [[Vienville]] |- | 88506 | 88210 | [[Vieux-Moulin (Vosegus)|Vieux-Moulin]] |- | 88507 | 88500 | [[Villers (Vosegus)|Villers]] |- | 88508 | 88270 | [[Ville-sur-Illon]] |- | 88509 | 88150 | [[Villoncourt]] |- | 88510 | 88320 | [[Villotte]] |- | 88511 | 88350 | [[Villouxel]] |- | 88512 | 88600 | [[Viménil]] |- | 88513 | 88450 | [[Vincey]] |- | 88514 | 88170 | [[Viocourt]] |- | 88515 | 88260 | [[Vioménil]] |- | 88516 | 88800 | [[Vittel]] |- | 88517 | 88260 | [[Viviers-le-Gras]] |- | 88518 | 88500 | [[Viviers-lès-Offroicourt]] |- | 88519 | 88470 | [[La Voivre (Vosegus)|La Voivre]] |- | 88520 | 88240 | [[Les Voivres]] |- | 88521 | 88700 | [[Vomécourt]] |- | 88522 | 88500 | [[Vomécourt-sur-Madon]] |- | 88523 | 88170 | [[Vouxey]] |- | 88524 | 88140 | [[Vrécourt]] |- | 88525 | 88500 | [[Vroville]] |- | 88526 | 88520 | [[Wisembach]] |- | 88527 | 88700 | [[Xaffévillers]] |- | 88528 | 88460 | [[Xamontarupt]] |- | 88529 | 88130 | [[Xaronval]] |- | 88530 | 88220 | [[Scatiniacum]] |- | 88531 | 88400 | [[Xonrupt-Longemer]] |- | 88532 | 88330 | [[Zincourt]] |} {{Indices communium praefecturarum Franciae}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi|!]] h60z9flgs0dtlugd15xs6r0rcz1u321 Serracapriola 0 150368 3974744 3961644 2026-07-26T13:24:17Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974744 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Serracapriola'''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=4EVkhIl-TN4C&printsec=frontcover&hl=it#v=onepage&q&f=false Dizionario geografico-istorico-fisico del regno di Napoli, composto dall'Abate Francesco sacco - Di Francesco Sacco]</ref> {{victio|Serracapriola|ae|f}} seu '''Castrum Serrae Capriolae''' (alia nomina: ''Terra Serrae Capriolae'' sive ''Castellum de Serra''<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20111108160326/http://www.provincia.foggia.it/page.php?Rif=518</ref>) ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Serracapriola|Serracapriola]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 4&nbsp;500 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Apulia]] ac in [[Provincia Fodiana]] situm. Incolae ''Serrani'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == * [[Dioecesis Sancti Severi]] == Municipia finitima == * [[Chietum]], * [[Fanum Sancti Martini in Pensilis]] ([[Provincia Campobassensis|CB]]), * [[Fanum Sancti Pauli (Apulia)|Fanum Sancti Pauli]], * [[Lesina (Italia)|Lesina]], * [[Lorotellum]] ([[Provincia Campobassensis|CB]]), * [[Turris Maior]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Apulia]]m (''regionem''), * [[Provincia Fodiana|Provinciam Fodianam]], * [[Daunia]]m (''terram''), * [[Tabula Apula|Tabulam Apulam]] (''terram''), * [[Fovea]]m vel [[Fodia]]m (''urbem''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160801155144/http://www.comune.serracapriola.fg.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Serracapriola|Serramcapriolam}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Serracapriola (province of Foggia, region Apulia, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii Castri Serrae Capriolae in Provincia Fodiana. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Foveae]] 5w4ujx9uabasd1lgsk3dx8yxs226vil Parneium (Matrona) 0 156159 3974929 3452136 2026-07-27T10:29:02Z Pippobuono 54500 capsa et discretiva 3974929 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Parneium (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Mairie-de-pargny-sur-saulx.JPG |thumb|upright=0.7|left|Parneium: [[vici conciliabulum]] anno [[2010]]]] {{res|Parneium}} seu '''Pargniacum''' seu '''Parni'''<ref>{{Graesse}}, t. 3, p. 107.</ref> ([[Francogallice]]: ''Pargny-sur-Saulx'') est commune {{formatnum:1654}} incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Francia]]e [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Matrona (praefectura Franciae)|Matronae]] in regione [[Oriens Magnus]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Matronae|Indicem communium praefecturae Matronae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Pargny-sur-Saulx|Parneium}} {{INSEE commune|51423|de=Pargny-sur-Saulx}} * [http://www.pargnysursaulx.fr/ Pargny-sur-Saulx pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Matronae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Matronae]] saoh5l8zle8nx4tf12ijptou5b6t98b 3974930 3974929 2026-07-27T10:31:36Z Pippobuono 54500 ref 3974930 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Parneium (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Mairie-de-pargny-sur-saulx.JPG |thumb|upright=0.7|left|Parneium: [[vici conciliabulum]] anno [[2010]]]] {{res|Parneium}} seu '''Pargniacum''' seu '''Parni'''<ref>{{Graesse}}, t. 3, p. 107.</ref> ([[Francogallice]]: ''Pargny-sur-Saulx'') est commune {{formatnum:1654}} incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Francia]]e [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Matrona (praefectura Franciae)|Matronae]] in regione [[Oriens Magnus]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Matronae|Indicem communium praefecturae Matronae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Pargny-sur-Saulx|Parneium}} {{INSEE commune|51423|de=Pargny-sur-Saulx}} == Notae == <references/> {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Matronae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Matronae]] hmtnhwmmvcyj6ysywqqqcnh1jh6j3n3 3974932 3974930 2026-07-27T10:32:49Z Pippobuono 54500 Pippobuono movit paginam [[Pargny-sur-Saulx]] ad [[Parneium (Matrona)]]: nomen attestatur in Graesse 3974930 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Parneium (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Mairie-de-pargny-sur-saulx.JPG |thumb|upright=0.7|left|Parneium: [[vici conciliabulum]] anno [[2010]]]] {{res|Parneium}} seu '''Pargniacum''' seu '''Parni'''<ref>{{Graesse}}, t. 3, p. 107.</ref> ([[Francogallice]]: ''Pargny-sur-Saulx'') est commune {{formatnum:1654}} incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Francia]]e [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Matrona (praefectura Franciae)|Matronae]] in regione [[Oriens Magnus]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Matronae|Indicem communium praefecturae Matronae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Pargny-sur-Saulx|Parneium}} {{INSEE commune|51423|de=Pargny-sur-Saulx}} == Notae == <references/> {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Matronae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Matronae]] hmtnhwmmvcyj6ysywqqqcnh1jh6j3n3 Pargniacum in Montana 0 156160 3974936 3452135 2026-07-27T10:42:04Z Pippobuono 54500 capsa et discretiva 3974936 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Pargniacum (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Église de Pargny.jpg |thumb|upright=0.7|left|Pargniacum in Montana: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Martinus Turonensis|Sancto Martino]] dicata, anno [[2011]]]] {{res|Pargniacum in Montana}} seu '''Pargneium''' seu '''Paterniacum'''<ref>{{Graesse}}, t. 3, p. 106</ref> ([[Francogallice]]: ''Pargny-lès-Reims'') est [[commune]] 497 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Francia]]e [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Matrona (praefectura Franciae)|Matronae]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Matronae|Indicem communium praefecturae Matronae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Pargny-lès-Reims|Pargniacum in Montana}} {{INSEE commune|51422|de=Pargniacum in Montana}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Matronae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Matronae]] irwxm4wlgciyjyn31irvgay4w9tunmv 3974937 3974936 2026-07-27T10:43:08Z Pippobuono 54500 Pippobuono movit paginam [[Pargny-lès-Reims]] ad [[Pargniacum in Montana]]: nomen latine attestatur in Graesse 3974936 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Pargniacum (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Église de Pargny.jpg |thumb|upright=0.7|left|Pargniacum in Montana: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Martinus Turonensis|Sancto Martino]] dicata, anno [[2011]]]] {{res|Pargniacum in Montana}} seu '''Pargneium''' seu '''Paterniacum'''<ref>{{Graesse}}, t. 3, p. 106</ref> ([[Francogallice]]: ''Pargny-lès-Reims'') est [[commune]] 497 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Francia]]e [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Matrona (praefectura Franciae)|Matronae]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Matronae|Indicem communium praefecturae Matronae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Pargny-lès-Reims|Pargniacum in Montana}} {{INSEE commune|51422|de=Pargniacum in Montana}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Matronae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Matronae]] irwxm4wlgciyjyn31irvgay4w9tunmv 3974942 3974937 2026-07-27T10:51:22Z Pippobuono 54500 ref 3974942 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Pargniacum (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Église de Pargny.jpg |thumb|upright=0.7|left|Pargniacum in Montana: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Martinus Turonensis|Sancto Martino]] dicata, anno [[2011]]]] {{res|Pargniacum in Montana}} seu '''Pargneium''' seu '''Paterniacum'''<ref>{{Graesse}}, t. 3, p. 106</ref> ([[Francogallice]]: ''Pargny-lès-Reims'') est [[commune]] 497 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Francia]]e [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Matrona (praefectura Franciae)|Matronae]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Matronae|Indicem communium praefecturae Matronae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Pargny-lès-Reims|Pargniacum in Montana}} {{INSEE commune|51422|de=Pargniacum in Montana}} == Notae == <references /> {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Matronae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Matronae]] n2vbtavpkkqxsx7s6s3ba17ay6npxxs Sørfold 0 160165 3974915 2478691 2026-07-27T06:01:20Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974915 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: NO 1845 Sørfold.svg |thumb|200 px|Ubi commune Sørfold in Nordland situm est]] [[Fasciculus:Sørfold komm.svg |200 px|thumb|left|Sørfold: vexillum]] ''' Sørfold''' est [[Norvegia]]e commune 1997 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) in provincia [[Nordland (provincia) |Nordland]]. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Sørfold|Sørfold}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110903024820/http://www.sorfold.kommune.no/ Sørfold pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria: Communia Norvegiae]] 2n4xdnhabvdy2zinaatbt2ak35y9j43 Pargny 0 171648 3974928 3461594 2026-07-27T10:23:19Z Pippobuono 54500 capsa et imago 3974928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus: Pargny (Somme) France (3).JPG|thumb|upright=0.7|left|Pargny: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Sanctus Sulpitius|Sancto Sulpitio]] dicata.]] {{res|Pargny}} est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 198 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Samara (praefectura Franciae)|Samara]] in provincia [[Alta Franciae|Altis Franciae]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Samarae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Pargny|Pargny}} {{INSEE commune|80616|de=Pargny}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Suminae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Suminae]] pwsytn515cvqjmj2kf07qlnzxike89x Talmas 0 172099 3974918 3461712 2026-07-27T07:34:00Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974918 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 80616.png|thumb|300px|Talmas: communis tabula]] ''' Talmas''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 1104 incolarum (anno [[2009]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Samara (praefectura Franciae)|Samara]] in provincia [[Picardia]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Samarae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Talmas|Talmas}} * {{INSEE commune|80746|de=Talmas}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081111160238/http://www.talmas.fr/ Talmas pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Suminae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Suminae]] r15dfwhiu70i8b4hnm6oepesmzyorvm Soyécourt 0 172103 3974845 3836307 2026-07-26T21:15:46Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974845 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Blason famille fr de Soyécourt.svg|thumb|left|300px|Soyécourt: vexillum]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 80741.png|thumb|300px|Soyécourt: communis tabula]] ''' Soyécourt''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 188 incolarum (anno [[2009]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Samara (praefectura Franciae)|Samara]] in provincia [[Picardia]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Samarae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Soyécourt|Soyécourt}} * {{INSEE commune|80741|de=Soyécourt}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181205171145/http://www.soyecourt.com/ Soyécourt pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Suminae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Suminae]] rjuh6j73utfqnrrp3dh50r9lorqqy9i Soliacum 0 176465 3974815 3450503 2026-07-26T19:37:57Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974815 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Chateau_de_Sully_sur_Loire_DSC_0143.JPG |thumb|left|300px|Soliacum: [[oppidum]] ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 45315.png|thumb|300px|Soliacum: communis tabula]] ''' Soliacum''' ([[Francogallice]] ''Sully-sur-Loire'') est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 5'443 incolarum (anno [[2010]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Ligerula (praefectura Franciae)|Ligerulae]] in provincia [[Centrum (regio Franciae)|Media]] {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Ligerulae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Sully-sur-Loire|Soliacum}} * {{INSEE commune|45315|de=Soliaco}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110303213916/http://www.sully-sur-loire.fr/ Soliaci pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Ligerulae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Ligerulae]] 3du0dev6zu6lwqnrv36wk6yu5m0bw09 Serni 0 176950 3974740 3595655 2026-07-26T13:17:03Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974740 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Madonna della Strada Scerni.jpg|thumb|Serni]] '''Serni'''<ref>{{Giustiniani}}</ref> {{victio|Serni|orum|m}} seu '''Scernus'''<ref>{{Sacco}}</ref> {{victio|Scernus|i|m}} ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Scerni|Scerni]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Aprutium|Aprutio]] et in [[Provincia Teatina]] situm. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Aprutium]], * [[Provincia Teatina]], * [[Teate]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == {{communiaCat|Scerni|Sernos}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090415224341/http://www.comunediscerni.com/ Situs publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Image:Map of comune of Scerni (province of Chieti, region Abruzzo, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii in Provincia Teatina. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Teatis]] g9oqj6z8g8w695986d7qq8hpwasc9o4 Singularis (musica) 0 187248 3974732 3974654 2026-07-26T13:04:03Z IacobusAmor 1163 ~ 3974732 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Singularis''',<ref>{{Fontes desiderati}}.</ref> vel '''phonodiscus singularis melodiae''',<ref>[[Ebbe Vilborg]], ''Norstedts svensk-latinska ordbok'', editio secunda, 2009.</ref> est [[discus compactus|discus musicus]] qui [[carmen|carmina]] [[sonus|sonosve]] tantum continet, plerumque toto [[album musicum|albo musico]] minus. Multi [[musicus|musici]] [[grex musicus|gregesque]] aliqua carmina, saepe quattuor, ut singulares ex suis albis musicis venumdant, primum usibus promotionalibus commissi. In quadam singulari, aliae carminis versiones saepe vulgantur, et aliquando etiam aliud carmen vel plura quae in albo musico non sunt. Primi singulares in [[phonodiscus|phonodiscis]] parvis erant, hodie in [[discus compactus|discis compactis]] et [[MP3|formulis digitalis]]. == Notae == <references/> {{musica-stipula}} {{tech-stipula}} [[Categoria:Musica]] [[Categoria:Musica popularis]] [[Categoria:Technologia]] axopp16kkm6odh1n4buxth27pbe9d4y Serie B 0 188350 3974733 3910041 2026-07-26T13:09:38Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974733 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Latinitas|-2}} '''''Serie B''''' ('Series B') est secunda [[Pediludium|pediludii]] [[Italia]]e categoria. Nata est anno [[1929]], etsi secunda categoria ab [[annus|anno]] [[1904]] exsistit. Nunc (anno 2025) viginti societates ludunt in Serie B. {{NexInt}} * [[Serie B 2025-2026]] * [[Serie A]] * [[Serie C]] * [[Serie D]] * [[Eccellenza]] * [[Promozione]] * [[Prima Categoria]] * [[Seconda Categoria]] * [[Terza Categoria]] * [[Coppa Italia]] ==Nexus externus== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220821014459/http://legaserieb.it/ Seriei situs interretialis] {{Ling|Italiane}} == Turmae victrices == {| class="wikitable" !Anno !Victor |- |1929/30 |AS Casale |- |1930/31 |ACF Fiorentina |- |1931/32 |US Palermo |- |1932/33 |AS Livorno |- |1933/34 |SG Sampierdarenese |- |1934/35 |Genoa CFC (pars A) AS Bari (pars B) |- |1935/36 |AS Lucchese Libertas |- |1936/37 |AS Livorno |- |1937/38 |FC Modena |- |1938/39 |ACF Fiorentina |- |1939/40 |Atalanta Bergamo |- |1940/41 |SG Sampierdarenese |- |1941/42 |AS Bari |- |1942/43 |FC Modena |- |1943–1946 |''haud certamina'' |- |1946/47 |Pro Patria Calcio (Grex A) AS Lucchese Libertas (Grex B) Salernitana Calcio (Grex C) |- |1947/48 |Novara Calcio (Grex A) Padova Calcio (Grex B) US Palermo (Grex C) |- |1948/49 |Como Calcio |- |1949/50 |SSC Napoli |- |1950/51 |SPAL Ferrara |- |1951/52 |AS Roma |- |1952/53 |Genoa CFC |- |1953/54 |Catania Calcio |- |1954/55 |Lanerossi Vicenza |- |1955/56 |Udinese Calcio |} {| class="wikitable" !Anno !Victor |- |1956/57 |Hellas Verona |- |1957/58 |US Triestina |- |1958/59 |Atalanta Bergamo |- |1959/60 |Torino Football Club |- |1960/61 |SSC Venezia |- |1961/62 |Genoa CFC |- |1962/63 |FC Messina |- |1963/64 |AS Varese 1910 |- |1964/65 |Brescia Calcio |- |1965/66 |SSC Venezia |- |1966/67 |UC Sampdoria |- |1967/68 |US Palermo |- |1968/69 |SS Lazio |- |1969/70 |AS Varese 1910 |- |1970/71 |AC Mantova |- |1971/72 |Ternana Calcio |- |1972/73 |Genoa CFC |- |1973/74 |AS Varese 1910 |- |1974/75 |AC Perugia |- |1975/76 |Genoa CFC |- |1976/77 |Lanerossi Vicenza |- |1977/78 |Ascoli Calcio |- |1978/79 |Udinese Calcio |- |1979/80 |Como Calcio |- |1980/81 |AC Milan |- |1981/82 |Hellas Verona |- |1982/83 |AC Milan |- |1983/84 |Atalanta Bergamo |} {| class="wikitable" !Anno !Victor |- |1984/85 |AC Pisa |- |1985/86 |Ascoli Calcio |- |1986/87 |Pescara Calcio |- |1987/88 |FC Bologna |- |1988/89 |Genoa CFC |- |1989/90 |Torino Football Club |- |1990/91 |US Foggia |- |1991/92 |Brescia Calcio |- |1992/93 |AC Reggiana |- |1993/94 |ACF Fiorentina |- |1994/95 |Piacenza Calcio |- |1995/96 |FC Bologna |- |1996/97 |Brescia Calcio |- |1997/98 |Salernitana Calcio |- |1998/99 |Hellas Verona |- |1999/2000 |Vicenza Calcio |- |2000/01 |Torino Football Club |- |2001/02 |Como Calcio |- |2002/03 |AC Siena |- |2003/04 |US Palermo |- |2004/05 |FC Empoli |- |2005/06 |Atalanta Bergamo |- |2006/07 |Juventus FC |- |2007/08 |Chievo Verona AC |- |2008/09 |AS Bari |- |2009/10 |US Lecce |- |2010/11 |Atalanta Bergamo |- |2011/12 |Delfino Pescara 1936 |} {| class="wikitable" !Anno !Victor |- |2012/13 |Unione Sportiva Sassuolo Calcio |} {| class="wikitable" !Anno !Victor |- |2013/14 |US Palermo |- |2014/15 |Carpi Football Club |- |2015/16 |Cagliari Calcio |- |2016/17 |SPAL |- |2017/18 |FC Empoli |- |2018/19 |Brescia Calcio |- |2019/20 |Benevento Calcio |- |2020/21 |FC Empoli |- |2021/22 |US Lecce |- |2022/23 |Frosinone Calcio |- |2023/24 |Parma Calcio |- |2024/25 |US Sassuolo Calcio |- |[[Serie B 2025-2026|2025/26]] |in profectum |} [[Categoria:Foederationes pediludii]] [[Categoria:Pediludium italicum]] t0qlu95c14hzvgnjpxdvus9os7wv4c5 Notae greggianae 0 204755 3974917 3723457 2026-07-27T07:24:05Z Koavf 812 Grggsmry.svg 3974917 wikitext text/x-wiki <!--{{Infobox Systema scribendi |name = Notae Greggianae |type = Stenographia |SHline=light |SHform=semi-script |SHtype=[[alphabetic]] |creator = [[Ioannes Robertus Gregg]] |time = 1888–praesens |languages = [[lingua Anglica|Anglica]], [[Afrikaans]], [[Esperanto]], [[French language|French]], [[German language|German]], [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], [[Irish language|Irish]], [[Italian language|Italian]], [[Japanese language|Japanese]], [[Polish language|Polish]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[Russian language|Russian]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]], [[Catalan language|Catalan]], and [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] |sample = Gregg_Ellipses.svg |imagesize = 100px }}--> [[Fasciculus:Gregg_Ellipses.svg|thumb|left|75px|Exempla formae principalis.]] [[Fasciculus:Gregg shorthand A Christmas Carol.jpg|thumb|Exemplum: textus ex "[[A Christmas Carol]]" notis Greggianis prolatus, [[1918]].]] [[Fasciculus:Grggsmry.svg|thumb|Nonnulla [[vocabulum|verba]] [[lingua Anglica|Anglica]] et notae Greggianae.]] '''Notae Greggianae''' sunt systema [[tachygraphia|tachygraphicum]] (vel [[nota]]rum) ab [[Ioannes Robertus Gregg|Ioanne Roberto Gregg]] anno [[1888]] excogitatum. Quod, [[scriptura cursiva|scripturae cursivae]] simile, figuris [[ellipsis|ellipticis]] et lineis quae eas [[bisectio|bisecant]] omnino conditum est.<ref name=basicprin>John Robert Gregg, [https://web.archive.org/web/20131101115345/http://gregg.angelfishy.net/principles.pdf''Basic Principles of Gregg Shorthand''] (Novi Eboraci: Gregg Publishing, 1922), 5.</ref> Notae greggianae populo in [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatibus Foederatis]] sunt gratissima [[stenographia]]e<!-- +pen-->, et sua accommodatio [[lingua Hispanica|Hispanica]] in [[America Latina]] populo est mediocriter accepta. Usus notarum, cum [[machina dictationis|machinae dictationis]] et [[stenotypus|notarum]] excogitarentur, administratoresque suas [[epistula]]s per [[computatrum|computatra]] personalia scribere incipirent, gradatim in mundo [[commercium|commercii]] et [[nuntii|nuntiorum]] deminuebatur; notae autem greggianae iam in usu sunt. <!--PLUS IN EN:--> Notae greggiane saepe cum [[notae pitmanianae|notis pitmanianis]] comparantur, quia amba systemata multo magis quam alia systemata notarum adhiberi solent.<ref>Gregg, ''Basic Principles,'' 2.</ref> Notae pitmanianae crassitudinem locumque linearum ad distinguendos [[sonus|sonos]] similes adhibent,<ref name=pitman1916>Isaac Pitman, [http://books.google.com/books?id=QRY9AAAAYAAJ ''Course in Isaac Pitman Shorthand''] (Novi Eboraci: Isaac Pitman & Sons, 1916), 6.</ref> sed notae greggianae eandem crassitudinem ubique adhibent sonosque similes per [[longitudo|longitudinem]] ictus distinguunt.<ref>Gregg, ''1929 Manual,'' 1.</ref> Ioannes Robertus Gregg accommodationem [[notae duployanae|notarum duployanarum]] ad [[lingua Anglica|Anglicam]] primum docuit (notae duployanae, systema maximi momenti in [[Francia]], etiam crassitudinem constantem et [[vocalis|vocales]] coniunctas vehementius dixit).<ref name=cowan>Leslie Cowan, ''John Robert Gregg: A Biography'' (Oxoniae: The Pre-Raphaelite Press ,1984, ISBN 0947635009), 18.</ref> Gregg autem [[adumbratio]]nes angulares systematum in Duployan conditorum invenit detrimento [[celeritas|celeritati]] esse.<ref name="Gregg, Basic Principles, 16">Gregg, ''Basic Principles,'' 16.</ref> Itaque notae greggianae ictus cursivos vehementius dicunt, qui naturaliter sine angulis obtusis commisceri possunt.<ref name="Gregg, Basic Principles, 16"/> Praeterea, quia signa notarum greggianarum praecipue pro Anglica excogitata sunt, non ex systemate Francico mutuata, [[lingua Anglica|linguam]] melius accommodant; exempli gratia, notae greggianae habent signum pro digraphum ''th'' = /θ/, sed notae duployanae "t" punctatum adhibent, quod plus tempus scribi requirit.<ref name="Duployan th">John M. Sloan, [http://books.google.com/books?id=_HxQAAAAYAAJ ''The Duployan Phonographic Instructor: An Improved Adaptation to the English of the Duployan French Method''] (Dublini: W. Leckie & Co., 1883).</ref> <!--PLUS IN EN:--> {{NexInt}} *[[Notae pitmanianae]] *[[Notae tironianae]] *[[Stenotypus]] *[[Transcriptio (ius)]]<!-- *[[Court reporter]] *[[Stenomask]]--> ==Adnotationes== <div class="references-small"><references/></div> ==Nexus externi== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130916005417/http://gregg.angelfishy.net/ Situs notis Greggianis dicatus,] gregg.angelfishy.net * [http://www.archive.org/search.php?query=subject%3A%22Printed+in+Gregg+Shorthand%22 Internet Archives Public Domain Gregg Shorthand Novels and Manuals,] www.archive.org {{tech-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Notae Greggianae}} [[Categoria:Systemata notarum]]<!-- =Shorthand systems--> [[Categoria:Transscriptio]] [[Categoria:1888]] <!-- + [[Categoria:Court reporting]]--> rdwdln59n0yjxnkt9kpqpkvclr81hl4 Tartanum 0 215153 3974919 3525692 2026-07-27T08:25:52Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974919 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Tartanum'''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=4babPkiD3bgC&pg=PA291&lpg=PA291&dq=%22Trahona%22+Rhaetiae&source=bl&ots=q5MEY2y_mZ&sig=8CKNYegIX1kuu6tQ9L-akLtg1_A&hl=it&sa=X&ei=5ClqU8K5DO730gXj34GYBg&ved=0CE0Q6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=%22Cosium%22&f=false Chronicum Rhaetiae: seu Historia in Alpinae confoederatae Rhaetiae: vbi eius verus situs, politia, bella, & alia memorabilia accuratissimè ad annum 1617. usque describuntur. Authore Fortunato Sprechero à Berneck, .. Fortunat Sprecher von Bernegg, Ascanio Rivaldi, typis Johan. Jacobi Genathii, 1622]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=QlUZ8hioC2EC&printsec=frontcover&hl=it&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Dissertazioni critico-storiche intorno alla Rezia di qua dalle Alpi, oggi ... Di Francesco Saverio Quadrio]</ref> {{victio|Tartanum|i|n}} ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Tartano|Tartano]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 200 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Sundriensis|Provincia Sundriensi]] situm. Incolae ''Tartanoli'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Geographia == Municipium in [[Vallis Telina|Valle Telina]] situm. == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Sundriensis]], * [[Vallis Telina]] (''terra''), * [[Sundrium]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240629153225/http://www.comune.tartano.so.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Tartano|Tartanum}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Tartano (province of Sondrio, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Sundriensi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Sundrii]] sb9kstqc5lgxcuepqx95md9hrt5or8g Suellium 0 220637 3974866 3595818 2026-07-27T02:40:37Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974866 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Parrocchia s martino sueglio.jpg|thumb|Suellium]] '''Suellium'''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=eodYAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=it&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Memorie spettanti alla storia, al governo ed alla descrizione della città, e della campagna di Milano, ne' secoli bassi, Volume 9 (Google eBook) conte Giorgio Giulini, Stamperia di G. Bianchi, 1760]</ref><ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref> {{victio|Suellium|ii|n}} ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Sueglio|Sueglio]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 150 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Leucensis|Provincia Leucensi]] situm. Incolae ''Suellienses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Leucensis]], * [[Leucum (Italia)|Leucum]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080723175642/http://www.comune.sueglio.lc.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Sueglio|Suellium}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Sueglio (province of Lecco, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Leucensi. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Leuci]] 61zgbtyq6u6smdqstsyuqngl4avdaip Strotia 0 223212 3974861 3707654 2026-07-27T01:54:22Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974861 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Strozza.JPG|thumb|Strotia]] '''Strotia'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160311074221/http://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Diocese_of_Bergamo,_Italy:_Parish_Records Diocese of Bergamo, Italy: Parish ]</ref><ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref> {{victio|Strotia|ae|f}} ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Strozza|Strozza]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 1&thinsp;100 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Bergomas|Provincia Bergomati]] situm. Incolae ''Strotienses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Geographia == * [[Vallis Imania]] (''terra''), == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Bergomas]], * [[Vallis Imania]] (''terra''), * [[Bergomum]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705133139/http://www.comune.strozza.bg.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Strozza|Strotiam}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Strozza (province of Bergamo, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Bergomati. Imago:Valle Imagna.png|Municipia ''Communitatis montaneae Vallis Imaniae''. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Bergomi]] [[Categoria:Vallis Imania]] g6hl5l9z6tsy6ent4gkkycyjdn376n4 Socialismus Christianus 0 223240 3974808 3970943 2026-07-26T18:17:28Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974808 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Frederick_Denison_Maurice._Portrait_c1865.jpg|thumb|[[Fridericus Denison Maurice]], [[theologus]] et unus ex primis [[scriptor]]bus socialismi Christiani.]] '''Socialismus Christiana''' est genus [[socialismus|socialismi]] [[religio]]si in doctrina [[Iesus|Iesu]] conditi. Multi socialistae Christiani credunt [[capitalismus|capitalismum]] esse [[idololatria|idololatricum]] et [[avaritia]]e inhaesum, quod nonnullae sectae Christianae putant [[peccatum mortale]].<ref name="Adrian Hastings Pp. 678">Adrian Hastings, Alistair Mason, Hugh S. Pyper. ''The Oxford Companion to Christian Thought''. Oxford, England, UK: Oxford University Press Pp. 678.</ref> et omnia [[res communes|communia]] ills fuit.<ref>''[[Actus Apostolorum]]'', Caput 4</ref> Socialistae Christiani putant originem iniquitatis socialis cum avaritia consociatam esse, quam ei vicissim ad [[capitalismus|capitalismum]] coniungunt.<ref name="Adrian Hastings Pp. 678"/> Socialismus Christianus factus est maior in [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britanniarum Regno]] motus ex [[1960]] fere, per [[Motus Socialisticus Christianus (Britanniarum Regnum)|Motum Socialisticum Christianum]].<ref>Adrian Hastings, Alistair Mason, et Hugh S. Pyper, ''The Oxford Companion to Christian Thought'' (Oxoniae: Oxford University Press, 677).</ref> [[Locutio]] ''socialismus Christianus'' etiam ad tales graves [[saeculum 19|saeculi undevicensimi]] [[persona]]s pertinet ut [[scriptor]]es [[Fridericus Denison Maurice]] (''The Kingdom of Christ'', 1838), [[Ioannes Ruskin]] (''[[Unto this Last]],'' 1862), [[Carolus Kingsley]] ([[The Water-Babies, A Fairy Tale for a Land Baby|''The Water-Babies'']], 1863), [[Thomas Hughes]] (''[[Tom Brown's Schooldays]],'' 1857), [[Fridericus Iacobus Furnivall]] (unus ex conditoribus ''Oxford English Dictionary''), [[Adin Ballou]] (''Practical Christian Socialism,'' 1854), et [[Franciscus Bellamy]] (minister [[Baptistae|Baptista]] et auctor [[Testimonium Fidei|Testimonii Fidei]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatum Foderatarum]]). == Socialistae Christiani notabiles == Alii socialistae Christiani bene noti sunt: * [[Benignus Aquino iunior|Benignus S. Aquino]], martyr [[democratia]]e [[Philippinae|Philippinarum]], qui se descripsit Catholicus "iterum natum" et socialista Christianus * [[Eduardus Bellamy]], auctor [[liber|libri]] ''Looking Backward'' * [[Carolus Barth]], [[theologus]] * [[Antonius Benn]], parlamentarianus Britannicus * [[Robertus Malachy Burke]] * [[Gualterius Brown]] * [[Hugo Chávez]], olim Praeses Venetiolae et socialista Catholicus * [[Iosephus Duffy]]<!--, Irish radio presenter--> * [[Mauritiusi Funes]] * [[Raphael Correa]], Praeses [[Aequatoria]]e * [[Dorothea Day]], una ex conditoribus Motus Operariorum Catholicorum * [[Percy Dearmer]] * [[Thomas Douglas]]<!--, former Premier of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan; leader of the first socialist government in North America; father of Canadian medicare. Former leader of the socialist [[Cooperative Commonwealth Federation]] in Canada, which won five back-to-back majority provincial governments in Saskatchewan. Later, when the CCF merged with the Canadian Labour Congress to become the modern-day secular and more social-democratic [[New Democratic Party of Canada|New Democratic Party]] of Canada, Douglas was elected its first leader. The NDP is currently the second largest party in the Canadian House of Commons and the holder of the title of The Official Opposition. According to polls/surveys conducted by the [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]] (Canada's public broadcaster), Tommy Douglas has been consistently voted as "The Most Important Canadian" for three years in a row--> * [[Diana Drufenbrock]] * [[Paulus Freire]], [[educator]] [[Brasilia|Brasiliensis]] et [[theorista]] [[paedagogia critica|paedagogiae criticae]] * [[Vekoslav Grmič]], [[episcopus]] [[Slovenia|Sloveniensis]] [[Eccledia Catholica|Catholicus Romanus]], scriptor, auctor commentariorum<!--essayist--> et vir publicus * [[Thomas J. Hagerty]] * [[Keir Hardie]], unus ex conditoribus [[Factio laboris (Britanniarum Regnum)|Factionis Laboris Britannicae]] * [[Christophorus Hedges]] * [[Thomas Hughes]] * [[Abe Isoo]]<!--, or otherwise known as Abe Iso, Iso Abe (surname: Abe; given name, Isoo or Iso)--> * [[Fletcher Jones|David Fletcher Jones Eques]] * [[Toyohiko Kagawa]] * [[Tetsu Katayama]] * [[Helena Keller]] * [[Michael Iosephus Savage]], olim Primus Minister [[Nova Zelandia|Novae Zelandiae]] et dux [[Factio Laboris Nova Zelandiae|Factionis Laboris Novae Zelandiae]] * [[Carolus Kingsley]], [[scriptor mythistoriarum]] * [[Gulielmus Dean Howells]], [[scriptor mythistoriarum]], auctor ''A Traveler from Altruria'' (1894) * [[Eduardus Kocbek]], cogitator, [[poeta]], et [[rerum politicarum peritus]] [[Slovenia|Sloveniensis]] * [[Janez Evangelista Krek]] * [[Georgius Lansbury]], olim dux Factionis Laboris Britannicae * [[Gualiertius Lini]]<!--, for whom Christianity and socialism held strong similarities and could be combined to form the basis of--> pater [[socialismus Melanesianus|socialismi Melanesiani]] * [[Nelson Mandela]], Praeses [[Africa Australis|Africae Australis]], 1994–1999 * [[Ioannes Malcolm Forbes Ludlow|Ioannes Ludlow]] * [[Margarita MacDonald (uxor)|Margarita MacDonald]], [[uxor]] [[Ramsay MacDonald]], reginae primi ministri in [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britanniarum Regni]] * [[F. O. Matthiessen]] * [[Fridericus Denison Maurice]], unus ex conditoribus socialismi Christiani Britannici, et conditor [[The Working Men's College]] * [[Jürgen Moltmann]] * [[Brian Moore (politicus)|Brian P. Moore]]<!--, a candidate for the 2008 US Presidential elections--> * [[Reinholdus Niebuhr]], [[theologus]] * [[Huub Oosterhuis]] * [[Carolus Polanyi]] * [[Iosephus Smith (filius)]] * [[Dorothea Sölle]] * [[Donaldus Soper, Baro Soper]] * [[R. H. Tawney]] * [[Normannus Thomas]] * [[Paulus Tillich]] * [[Cornel West]], [[academia|academicus]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Americanus]] et commentator * [[Brooke Foss Westcott]] * [[Jackson Stitt Wilson]] (1868–1942), minister Methodista et praefectus [[Berkeleia]]e [[California]]e ab 1911 ad 1913 * [[Franciscus P. Zeidler]], praefectus [[Milvauchia]]e<!--et [[Socialist Party USA]] presidential candidate--><!-- ==Loci== <blockquote> If we all came of the same father and mother, of Adam and Eve, how can they say or prove that they are better than we, if it be not that they make us gain for them by our toil what they spend in their pride? [[John Ball (priest)|John Ball]]<ref>John Richard Green, [http://www.humanitiesweb.org/human.php?s=s&p=l&ID=1904#John%20Ball ''History of the English People'']. Accessed 2007-07-22.</ref></blockquote> <blockquote> Socialism which means love, cooperation and brotherhood in every department of human affairs, is the only outward expression of a Christian's faith. I am firmly convinced that whether they know it or not, all who approve and accept competition and struggle against each other as the means whereby we gain our daily bread, do indeed betray and make of no effect the "will of God." [[George Lansbury]] </blockquote> <blockquote> Capitalism is the way of the devil and exploitation. If you really want to look at things through the eyes of Jesus Christ—who I think was the first socialist—only socialism can really create a genuine society. [[Hugo Chávez]]<ref>Tim Padgett: [http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1538296,00.html Chavez: "Bush Has Called Me Worse Things"] ''Time'' magazine, September 22, 2006. Accessed 2007-07-22.</ref></blockquote> <blockquote>Socialism is Christianity politicized. [[Russell Brand]]<ref>Donald Kaufman (21 January 2014). [http://www.truthdig.com/avbooth/item/russell_brand_socialism_is_christianity_politicized_20140120 Russell Brand: ‘Socialism Is Christianity Politicized’]. ''[[Truthdig]].'' Retrieved 24 January 2014.</ref></blockquote> --> {{NexInt}} * [[Anarchismus Christianus]] * [[Catholicismus politicus]] * [[Christianitas postmodernus]] * [[Communismus Christianus]] * [[Communismus primitivus]] * [[Socialismus agrarianus]] * [[Socialismus ethicus]] * [[Socialismus religiosus]] * [[Socialismus utopianus]] * [[Theologia liberationis]] * [[Waldenses]]<!-- *[[Ioannes Ball (presybter)]] *[[Catholic trade unions]] *[[Catholic social teaching]] *[[Liberal Christianity]] *[[Christian left]] *[[Christian trade unions]] *[[International League of Religious Socialists]] *[[Social Gospel]] *[[Spiritual left]] *[[Working Men's College]] *[[Radical center (politics)]]--> == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references/></div> == Bibliographia == ;Fontes primarii * Gray, John. [[1885]]. [http://books.google.com/books?id=llNFAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=inauthor:Frederick+inauthor:Maurice&lr=&as_brr=3 ''The Life of Frederick Denison Maurice: Chiefly Told in His Own Letters,''] books.google.com * Kingsley, Charles. [[1899]]. [http://books.google.com/books?id=K53M7IGeFm8C&printsec=frontcover&dq=inauthor:charles+inauthor:Kingsley&lr=&num=30&as_brr=3 ''The Works of Charles Kingsley,''] books.google.com * Kingsley, Frances Eliza Grenfell. [[1877]] [http://books.google.com/books?id=_uP32Zdvb3cC&pg=PA34&dq=inauthor:charles+inauthor:Kingsley&lr=&num=30&as_brr=3 ''Charles Kingsley: His Letters and Memories of His Life,''] books.google.com * Leno, John Bedford. [[1892]]. ''The Aftermath with Autobiography of the Author.'' Londinii: Reeves & Turner. ;Fontes secundarii * Bissett, Jim. [[1999]]. ''Agrarian socialism in America: Marx, Jefferson, and Jesus in the Oklahoma Countryside, 1904-1920.'' University of Oklahoma Press. * Boyer, John. [[1995]]. ''Culture and Political Crisis in Vienna: Christian Socialism in Power, 1897-1918.'' * Cort, John C. [[1988]]. ''Christian Socialism: An Informal History.'' * Hopkins, Charles Howard. [[1940]]. ''The Rise of the Social Gospel in American Protestantism, 1865-1915.'' * Phillips, Paul T. [[1996]]. ''A Kingdom on Earth: Anglo-American Social Christianity, 1880-1940.'' * Young, Shawn David. [[2010]]. [http://www.usask.ca/relst/jrpc/art22%282%29-jesusfreaks.html From Hippies to Jesus Freaks: Christian Radicalism in Chicago’s Inner-City.] ''Journal of Religion and Popular Culture'' 22(2). == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Christian socialism|socialismum Christianum}} * [http://www.zompist.com/meetthepoor.html Biblia de Pauperibus: Aut Cur Deus est Liberalis,] www.zompist.com * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170914045229/http://faithandsocialism.org/ Consilium Socialismi et Fiedi Factionis Socialisticae CFA,] faithandsocialism.org * [http://www.spartacus-educational.com/REsocialism.htm De socialismo Christiano saeculi undevicensimi,] www.spartacus-educational.com * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090423121328/http://www.christiansocialistpartyusa.org/ Factio Socialista Christiana CFA,] www.christiansocialistpartyusa.prg<!-- Right-wing Christian socialism movement--> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141226001808/http://www.skeptically.org/bible/id14.html Novum Testamentum Socialismum Adiuvat,] skeptically.org * [http://www.thecsm.org.uk/ Situs publicus Motus Socialisticus Christianus,] www.thecsm.org.uk * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060106190531/http://www.anglocatholicsocialism.org/ Socialismus Anglo-Catholicus,] www.anglocatholicsocialism.org * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160312154643/http://www.religioussocialism.com/vision.html Socialistae Religiosi,] www.religioussocialism.com<!-- Vision Statement of the Religion and Socialism Commission of the Democratic Socialists of America--> {{DEFAULTSORT:Socialismus Christianus}} [[Categoria:Philosophia Christiana]] [[Categoria:Res politicae Christianae|Socialismus]] [[Categoria:Socialismus Christianus| ]] [[Categoria:Termini Christiani]] 9d6br5dwi599hyhr5n6yca12utiy2bt Sorisolum 0 223401 3974836 3707409 2026-07-26T20:44:16Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974836 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Sorisole (Bergamo)-02.jpg|thumb|Sorisolum]] '''Sorisolum'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160311074221/http://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Diocese_of_Bergamo,_Italy:_Parish_Records Diocese of Bergamo, Italy: Parish ]</ref><ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref> {{victio|Sorisolum|i|n}} ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Sorisole|Sorisole]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 9&thinsp;200 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Langobardia]] et in [[Provincia Bergomas|Provincia Bergomati]] situm. Incolae ''Sorisolenses'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == == Municipia finitima == {{NexInt}} * [[Langobardia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Bergomas]], * [[Bergomum]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160310142831/http://comune.sorisole.bg.it/ Situs publicus] {{CommuniaCat|Sorisole|Sorisolum}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Map of comune of Sorisole (province of Bergamo, region Lombardy, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Provincia Bergomati. Fasciculus:Territorio di Sorisole (Bergamo).jpg|Fines Municipii sorisolensis. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Bergomi]] sak6z0e6qsk09m82wjxh6u0gw2oa3xs Regio Antarctica 0 227622 3974779 3974412 2026-07-26T15:17:55Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}} 3974779 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Antarctic-Overview-Map-EN.tif|thumb|Regio Antarctica.]] [[Fasciculus:SPSM.05.jpg|thumb|[[Statio Polaris Australis Amundsen-Scott]]<!--, the [[geographic South Pole]] is signposted in the background-->.]] [[Fasciculus:Mt Herschel, Antarctica, Jan 2006.jpg|thumb|{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Sinus Moubray||en|qid=Q6918859}} et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Mons Herschel||en|qid=Q1809228}}, Antarctica Orientalis.]] [[Fasciculus:Grytviken museum.jpg|thumb|Museum Grytviken in [[Georgia Australis|Georgia Australi]].]] {{res|Regio Antarctica}} est {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|regio polaris||en|qid=Q60670}}, accurate [[regio]] circa [[polus australis|polem australem]] [[tellus|telluris]], adversus [[Arctica|regionem Arcticam]] circa [[polus septentrionalis|polum septentrionalem]] patens. Regio [[continens|continentem]] [[Antarctica]]m ac [[pluteus glaciei|pluteos glaciei]], [[aqua]]s, et [[insula]]s in [[Oceanus Australis|Oceano Australi]] ad australem versus [[Coitus Antarcticus|Convergentiam Antarcticam]] iacentes comprehendit.<ref>[http://www.scar.org/ Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR)]</ref> Regio 20 centesimas [[Hemisphaerium Australe|hemisphaerii australis]] amplectitur, quarum 5.5 centesimae<!-- (14 million km<sup>2</sup>)--> est [[superficies|superficialis]] [[continens|continentis]] [[area (geometria)|area]]. ==Vita fera== Varia [[animalia]] in Antarctica saltem partem anni [[habitatio|habitant]], inter quae sunt:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/about_antarctica/wildlife/index.php|title=Antarctic Wildlife|publisher=Natural Environment Research Council - British Antarctic Survey}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csiro.au/Portals/Education/Kids/Read-it/Polar-eyes/About-Antarctica/Antarctic-wildlife.aspx|title=Antarctic wildlife|publisher=Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation|author=Vanessa Woods|date=14 Octobris 2011}}.</ref> *[[Pinnipedia]] *[[Sphenisciformes]] *''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Anthus antarcticus||en|qid=Q493653}}'' [[Georgia Australis|Georgiae Australis]] *[[Diomedeidae]] *''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Thalassoica antarctica||en|qid=Q771949}}'' *[[Cetacea]] *[[Pisces]], sicut {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Notothenioidei||en|qid=Q571473}}, ''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Dissostichus mawsoni||en|qid=Q521778}}'' *[[Decapodiformes|Teuthida]], inter quae ''[[Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni]]'' *''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Euphausia superba||en|qid=Q571443}}'' {{NexInt}} * [[Circulus Antarcticus]]<!-- '''Insulae:''' * [[South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] * [[Bouvet Island]] * [[Kerguelen Islands]] * [[Heard Island and McDonald Islands]] * [[South Orkney Islands]] * [[South Shetland Islands]] * [[Peter I Island]] * [[Scott Island]] * [[Balleny Islands]]--> == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references/></div> ==Bibliographia== *Krupnik, Igor, Michael A. Lang, et Scott E. Miller, eds. [[2009]]. [http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/proceedings/sc_RecordSingle.cfm?series=IPY&toplevel=1 ''Smithsonian at the Poles: Contributions to International Polar Year Science.''] Vasingtoniae: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. {{Wide image|061212-nordkapp.jpg|600px|Navis<!--Cruise--> ante [[Insula Petermann|Insulam Petermann]].<!--with the [[Kiev Peninsula]] of [[Graham Land]] in the background.-->}} ==Nexus externi== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090106182938/http://www.heritage-antarctica.org/AHT/HistoryHutPointCrew/ Antarctic Heritage Trusts,] www.heritage-antarctica.org *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120330163717/http://www.bsae2012.co.uk/ British Services Antarctic Expedition 2012,] www.bsae2012.co.uk *[http://www.cep.aq/ Committee for Environmental Protection of Antarctica,] www.cep.aq *[http://www.ats.aq/ Secretariatus Foederis Antarctici,] www.ats.aq<!-- *[http://www.ccamlr.org/ CCAMLR Commission] *[http://www.iaato.org/ International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators] *[http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/the_antarctic_convergence Map of the Antarctic Convergence] *[http://www.subantarctic.org.uk/ The South Atlantic and Subantarctic Islands]--> {{coord|90|00|S|00|00|W|region:AQ_type:landmark_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}} [[Categoria:Regio Antarctica| ]] 4t858kf07c3rc5a4bdtz0idlq3uyy1d 3974833 3974779 2026-07-26T20:30:14Z Bartholomite 116968 /* Nexus externi */ 3974833 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Antarctic-Overview-Map-EN.tif|thumb|Regio Antarctica.]] [[Fasciculus:SPSM.05.jpg|thumb|[[Statio Polaris Australis Amundsen-Scott]]<!--, the [[geographic South Pole]] is signposted in the background-->.]] [[Fasciculus:Mt Herschel, Antarctica, Jan 2006.jpg|thumb|{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Sinus Moubray||en|qid=Q6918859}} et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Mons Herschel||en|qid=Q1809228}}, Antarctica Orientalis.]] [[Fasciculus:Grytviken museum.jpg|thumb|Museum Grytviken in [[Georgia Australis|Georgia Australi]].]] {{res|Regio Antarctica}} est {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|regio polaris||en|qid=Q60670}}, accurate [[regio]] circa [[polus australis|polem australem]] [[tellus|telluris]], adversus [[Arctica|regionem Arcticam]] circa [[polus septentrionalis|polum septentrionalem]] patens. Regio [[continens|continentem]] [[Antarctica]]m ac [[pluteus glaciei|pluteos glaciei]], [[aqua]]s, et [[insula]]s in [[Oceanus Australis|Oceano Australi]] ad australem versus [[Coitus Antarcticus|Convergentiam Antarcticam]] iacentes comprehendit.<ref>[http://www.scar.org/ Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR)]</ref> Regio 20 centesimas [[Hemisphaerium Australe|hemisphaerii australis]] amplectitur, quarum 5.5 centesimae<!-- (14 million km<sup>2</sup>)--> est [[superficies|superficialis]] [[continens|continentis]] [[area (geometria)|area]]. ==Vita fera== Varia [[animalia]] in Antarctica saltem partem anni [[habitatio|habitant]], inter quae sunt:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/about_antarctica/wildlife/index.php|title=Antarctic Wildlife|publisher=Natural Environment Research Council - British Antarctic Survey}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csiro.au/Portals/Education/Kids/Read-it/Polar-eyes/About-Antarctica/Antarctic-wildlife.aspx|title=Antarctic wildlife|publisher=Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation|author=Vanessa Woods|date=14 Octobris 2011}}.</ref> *[[Pinnipedia]] *[[Sphenisciformes]] *''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Anthus antarcticus||en|qid=Q493653}}'' [[Georgia Australis|Georgiae Australis]] *[[Diomedeidae]] *''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Thalassoica antarctica||en|qid=Q771949}}'' *[[Cetacea]] *[[Pisces]], sicut {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Notothenioidei||en|qid=Q571473}}, ''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Dissostichus mawsoni||en|qid=Q521778}}'' *[[Decapodiformes|Teuthida]], inter quae ''[[Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni]]'' *''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Euphausia superba||en|qid=Q571443}}'' {{NexInt}} * [[Circulus Antarcticus]]<!-- '''Insulae:''' * [[South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] * [[Bouvet Island]] * [[Kerguelen Islands]] * [[Heard Island and McDonald Islands]] * [[South Orkney Islands]] * [[South Shetland Islands]] * [[Peter I Island]] * [[Scott Island]] * [[Balleny Islands]]--> == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references/></div> ==Bibliographia== *Krupnik, Igor, Michael A. Lang, et Scott E. Miller, eds. [[2009]]. [http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/proceedings/sc_RecordSingle.cfm?series=IPY&toplevel=1 ''Smithsonian at the Poles: Contributions to International Polar Year Science.''] Vasingtoniae: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. {{Wide image|061212-nordkapp.jpg|600px|Navis<!--Cruise--> ante [[Insula Petermann|Insulam Petermann]].<!--with the [[Kiev Peninsula]] of [[Graham Land]] in the background.-->}} ==Nexus externi== {{Fontes geographici}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090106182938/http://www.heritage-antarctica.org/AHT/HistoryHutPointCrew/ Antarctic Heritage Trusts,] www.heritage-antarctica.org *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120330163717/http://www.bsae2012.co.uk/ British Services Antarctic Expedition 2012,] www.bsae2012.co.uk *[http://www.cep.aq/ Committee for Environmental Protection of Antarctica,] www.cep.aq *[http://www.ats.aq/ Secretariatus Foederis Antarctici,] www.ats.aq<!-- *[http://www.ccamlr.org/ CCAMLR Commission] *[http://www.iaato.org/ International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators] *[http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/the_antarctic_convergence Map of the Antarctic Convergence] *[http://www.subantarctic.org.uk/ The South Atlantic and Subantarctic Islands]--> {{coord|90|00|S|00|00|W|region:AQ_type:landmark_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}} [[Categoria:Regio Antarctica| ]] akw8stufnrs0qp7hoq96z3ylprjv05b 3974834 3974833 2026-07-26T20:31:18Z Bartholomite 116968 /* Nexus externi */ 3974834 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Antarctic-Overview-Map-EN.tif|thumb|Regio Antarctica.]] [[Fasciculus:SPSM.05.jpg|thumb|[[Statio Polaris Australis Amundsen-Scott]]<!--, the [[geographic South Pole]] is signposted in the background-->.]] [[Fasciculus:Mt Herschel, Antarctica, Jan 2006.jpg|thumb|{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Sinus Moubray||en|qid=Q6918859}} et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Mons Herschel||en|qid=Q1809228}}, Antarctica Orientalis.]] [[Fasciculus:Grytviken museum.jpg|thumb|Museum Grytviken in [[Georgia Australis|Georgia Australi]].]] {{res|Regio Antarctica}} est {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|regio polaris||en|qid=Q60670}}, accurate [[regio]] circa [[polus australis|polem australem]] [[tellus|telluris]], adversus [[Arctica|regionem Arcticam]] circa [[polus septentrionalis|polum septentrionalem]] patens. Regio [[continens|continentem]] [[Antarctica]]m ac [[pluteus glaciei|pluteos glaciei]], [[aqua]]s, et [[insula]]s in [[Oceanus Australis|Oceano Australi]] ad australem versus [[Coitus Antarcticus|Convergentiam Antarcticam]] iacentes comprehendit.<ref>[http://www.scar.org/ Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR)]</ref> Regio 20 centesimas [[Hemisphaerium Australe|hemisphaerii australis]] amplectitur, quarum 5.5 centesimae<!-- (14 million km<sup>2</sup>)--> est [[superficies|superficialis]] [[continens|continentis]] [[area (geometria)|area]]. ==Vita fera== Varia [[animalia]] in Antarctica saltem partem anni [[habitatio|habitant]], inter quae sunt:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/about_antarctica/wildlife/index.php|title=Antarctic Wildlife|publisher=Natural Environment Research Council - British Antarctic Survey}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csiro.au/Portals/Education/Kids/Read-it/Polar-eyes/About-Antarctica/Antarctic-wildlife.aspx|title=Antarctic wildlife|publisher=Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation|author=Vanessa Woods|date=14 Octobris 2011}}.</ref> *[[Pinnipedia]] *[[Sphenisciformes]] *''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Anthus antarcticus||en|qid=Q493653}}'' [[Georgia Australis|Georgiae Australis]] *[[Diomedeidae]] *''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Thalassoica antarctica||en|qid=Q771949}}'' *[[Cetacea]] *[[Pisces]], sicut {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Notothenioidei||en|qid=Q571473}}, ''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Dissostichus mawsoni||en|qid=Q521778}}'' *[[Decapodiformes|Teuthida]], inter quae ''[[Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni]]'' *''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Euphausia superba||en|qid=Q571443}}'' {{NexInt}} * [[Circulus Antarcticus]]<!-- '''Insulae:''' * [[South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] * [[Bouvet Island]] * [[Kerguelen Islands]] * [[Heard Island and McDonald Islands]] * [[South Orkney Islands]] * [[South Shetland Islands]] * [[Peter I Island]] * [[Scott Island]] * [[Balleny Islands]]--> == Notae == <div class="references-small"><references/></div> ==Bibliographia== *Krupnik, Igor, Michael A. Lang, et Scott E. Miller, eds. [[2009]]. [http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/proceedings/sc_RecordSingle.cfm?series=IPY&toplevel=1 ''Smithsonian at the Poles: Contributions to International Polar Year Science.''] Vasingtoniae: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. {{Wide image|061212-nordkapp.jpg|600px|Navis<!--Cruise--> ante [[Insula Petermann|Insulam Petermann]].<!--with the [[Kiev Peninsula]] of [[Graham Land]] in the background.-->}} ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Antarctic|regionem Antarcticam}} {{Fontes geographici}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090106182938/http://www.heritage-antarctica.org/AHT/HistoryHutPointCrew/ Antarctic Heritage Trusts,] www.heritage-antarctica.org *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120330163717/http://www.bsae2012.co.uk/ British Services Antarctic Expedition 2012,] www.bsae2012.co.uk *[http://www.cep.aq/ Committee for Environmental Protection of Antarctica,] www.cep.aq *[http://www.ats.aq/ Secretariatus Foederis Antarctici,] www.ats.aq<!-- *[http://www.ccamlr.org/ CCAMLR Commission] *[http://www.iaato.org/ International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators] *[http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/the_antarctic_convergence Map of the Antarctic Convergence] *[http://www.subantarctic.org.uk/ The South Atlantic and Subantarctic Islands]--> {{coord|90|00|S|00|00|W|region:AQ_type:landmark_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}} [[Categoria:Regio Antarctica| ]] rv6hzwwn6fejmtq8e4oxjc3kfkvoxf9 3974847 3974834 2026-07-26T21:52:41Z IacobusAmor 1163 +Cat ex en &c. 3974847 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Antarctic-Overview-Map-EN.tif|thumb|Regio Antarctica.]] [[Fasciculus:SPSM.05.jpg|thumb|[[Statio Polaris Australis Amundsen-Scott]]<!--, the [[geographic South Pole]] is signposted in the background-->.]] [[Fasciculus:Mt Herschel, Antarctica, Jan 2006.jpg|thumb|{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Sinus Moubray||en|qid=Q6918859}} et {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Mons Herschel||en|qid=Q1809228}}, Antarctica Orientalis.]] [[Fasciculus:Grytviken museum.jpg|thumb|Museum Grytviken in [[Georgia Australis|Georgia Australi]].]] {{res|Regio Antarctica}} est {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|regio polaris||en|qid=Q60670}}, accurate [[regio]] circa [[polus australis|polem australem]] [[tellus|telluris]], adversus [[Arctica|regionem Arcticam]] circa [[polus septentrionalis|polum septentrionalem]] patens. Regio [[continens|continentem]] [[Antarctica]]m ac [[pluteus glaciei|pluteos glaciei]], [[aqua]]s, et [[insula]]s in [[Oceanus Australis|Oceano Australi]] ad australem versus [[Coitus Antarcticus|Convergentiam Antarcticam]] iacentes comprehendit.<ref>[http://www.scar.org/ Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR)]</ref> Regio 20 centesimas [[Hemisphaerium Australe|hemisphaerii australis]] amplectitur, quarum 5.5 centesimae<!-- (14 million km<sup>2</sup>)--> est [[superficies|superficialis]] [[continens|continentis]] [[area (geometria)|area]]. ==Vita fera== Varia [[animalia]] in Antarctica saltem partem anni [[habitatio|habitant]], inter quae sunt:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/about_antarctica/wildlife/index.php|title=Antarctic Wildlife|publisher=Natural Environment Research Council - British Antarctic Survey}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csiro.au/Portals/Education/Kids/Read-it/Polar-eyes/About-Antarctica/Antarctic-wildlife.aspx|title=Antarctic wildlife|publisher=Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation|author=Vanessa Woods|date=14 Octobris 2011}}.</ref> *''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Anthus antarcticus||en|qid=Q493653}}'' [[Georgia Australis|Georgiae Australis]] *[[Cetacea]] *[[Diomedeidae]] *''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Euphausia superba||en|qid=Q571443}}'' *[[Pinnipedia]] *[[Pisces]], sicut {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Notothenioidei||en|qid=Q571473}}, ''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Dissostichus mawsoni||en|qid=Q521778}}'' *[[Sphenisciformes]] *[[Decapodiformes|Teuthida]], inter quae ''[[Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni]]'' *''{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Thalassoica antarctica||en|qid=Q771949}}'' {{NexInt}} * [[Circulus Antarcticus]] * [[Insula Bouvet]] * [[Insula Scottica]] * [[Kerguelen]]<!-- * [[South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] * [[Heard Island and McDonald Islands]] * [[South Orkney Islands]] * [[South Shetland Islands]] * [[Peter I Island]] * [[Balleny Islands]]--> == Notae == <references/> ==Bibliographia== *Krupnik, Igor, Michael A. Lang, et Scott E. Miller, eds. [[2009]]. [http://www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/proceedings/sc_RecordSingle.cfm?series=IPY&toplevel=1 ''Smithsonian at the Poles: Contributions to International Polar Year Science.''] Vasingtoniae: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press. {{Wide image|061212-nordkapp.jpg|600px|Navis<!--Cruise--> ante [[Insula Petermann|Insulam Petermann]].<!--with the [[Kiev Peninsula]] of [[Graham Land]] in the background.-->}} ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Antarctic|regionem Antarcticam}} {{Fontes geographici}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090106182938/http://www.heritage-antarctica.org/AHT/HistoryHutPointCrew/ Antarctic Heritage Trusts,] www.heritage-antarctica.org *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120330163717/http://www.bsae2012.co.uk/ British Services Antarctic Expedition 2012,] www.bsae2012.co.uk *[http://www.cep.aq/ Committee for Environmental Protection of Antarctica,] www.cep.aq *[http://www.ats.aq/ Secretariatus Foederis Antarctici,] www.ats.aq<!-- *[http://www.ccamlr.org/ CCAMLR Commission] *[http://www.iaato.org/ International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators] *[http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/the_antarctic_convergence Map of the Antarctic Convergence] *[http://www.subantarctic.org.uk/ The South Atlantic and Subantarctic Islands]--> {{coord|90|00|S|00|00|W|region:AQ_type:landmark_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}} [[Categoria:Geographia Antarcticae]] [[Categoria:Regio Antarctica| ]] gwog43rwvi2xj60po0p7i8biod1zm78 Sérifontaine 0 231875 3974914 3442363 2026-07-27T05:53:49Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974914 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:S%C3%A9rifontaine_mairie_1.JPG |thumb|Sérifontaine: [[vici conciliabulum]] ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 60616.png|thumb|left|Sérifontaine: communis tabula]] '''Sérifontaine''' est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 2'898 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) praefecturae [[Esia (praefectura Franciae)|Esiae]] in regione [[Picardia]] (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Septentrio Fretum et Picardia|Septentrione Freto et Picardia]]). {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Esiae|Indicem communium praefecturae Esiae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Sérifontaine|Sérifontaine}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160402024423/http://www.mairie-de-serifontaine.fr/ Sérifontaine pagina interretialis] * {{INSEE commune|60616|de=Sérifontaine}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Esiae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Oesiae]] 4j2nkmays3t3cldp9tbooa36m0i8mzy Usor:Grufo 2 240828 3974865 3973025 2026-07-27T01:57:51Z Grufo 64423 3974865 wikitext text/x-wiki {{annales/capsa status|praemonitus=3|molestia=minima}} <div style="float: right; padding-left: 1em; clear: right;">{{Magistratus sum}} {{Usor globalis|la}} {{Nuntia Latine scripta placent}} {{Systemate GNU Vicipaediam recenseo}} {{Viciarchaeologus}} {{Mihi sunt subpaginae}} {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit}} {{Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit}} {{Aperte citer}}</div> == Meae paginae == * [[Usor:Grufo/Paginae creatae|Paginae creatae]] * [[Usor:Grufo/Formulae de recenti et recentissima Latinitate|Formulae de recenti et recentissima Latinitate]] * [[Usor:Grufo/Formulae creatae|Formulae creatae]] * [[Usor:Grufo/Tituli adhuc sine commentatione|Tituli adhuc sine commentatione]] * [[Usor:Grufo/Nominativi miri|Nominativi miri]] * [[Usor:Grufo/Officina|Officina]] * [[Usor:Grufo/Harenarium|Harenarium]] * [[Usor:Grufo/scripts|Scripts]] * [[Specialis:Praefixa/Usor:Grufo/|Omnes subpaginae mei spatii usoris]] 74c2gryd968gv77ltsktamlhy6uint1 Silvicida 0 255542 3974797 3727059 2026-07-26T16:11:43Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974797 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Defoliation agent spraying.jpg|thumb|[[Defolians]] est genus [[herbicida]]e quod efficit ut [[folium|folia]] decidant. Hic, [[helicopterum]] defoliantem silvae [[zona tropica|tropicae]] in [[delta Mekong]] [[26 Iulii]] [[1969]] aspergit.]] '''Silvicida''' est [[pesticida]] ad [[vigulta]], [[arbor]]es, [[silva]]s, vel quasdam [[species]] silvaticas ingratas interficere adhibitus. [[Molecula]]e activae ad [[planta]]m per [[folium|folia]], [[radix|radices]], vel [[cortex|corticem]] penetrare possunt.<!-- ==Notae== <div class="references-small"><references/></div>--> ==Bibliographia== *Allard, J. [[1974]]. ''Arsenical silvicide effects on human health''.<!--?Vide L. A. Norris 1974a:4.--> *Maurice, W. [[1965]]. Cacodylic acid as a silvicide. ''Aspen Bibliography,'' 5937. *Tarrant, R. F., et J. Allard. [[1972]]. Arsenic levels in urine of forest workers applying silvicides. ''Arch. Envir. Health'' 24:277–280. *Wiant, Harry V., et Laurence C. Walker. [[1964]]. External Applications of Silvicide Paste Kills Oaks. ''Journal of Forestry'' 62(7):455, 1 Iulii. Society of American Foresters. {{NexInt}} {{div col|2}} *[[Acidum cacodylicum]] *[[Agent Orange]] *[[Arsenicum]] *[[Bioherbicida]] *[[Desilvatio]] *[[Contaminatio soli]] *[[Herbicida]] *[[Methyl arsenatum monosodicum]] *[[Pollutio]] {{div col end}} ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Herbicides|herbicidas}} ;Generalia *[http://npic.orst.edu National Pesticide Information Center,] npic.orst.edu * [http://www.nass.usda.gov National Agricultural Statistics Service,] www.nass.usda.gov ;Rationes ordinariae *[http://www.epa.gov Environmental Protection Agency,] www.epa.gov (Civitates Foederatae) *[http://www.pesticides.gov.uk Pesticides Safety Directorate,] www.pesticides.gov.uk (Britanniarum Regnum) *[https://web.archive.org/web/20060205093820/http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/plant/protection/evaluation/index_en.htm Commissio Europaea,] europa.eu.int *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090918112956/http://www.pmra-arla.gc.ca/ Pest Management Regulatory Agency,] www.pmra-arla-gc-ca (Canada) {{Stipula}} [[Categoria:Herbicidae]] [[Categoria:Silvae]] 35zja8dbu2g0mtrbbj0q1fo2714oodf Sertralinum 0 263132 3974746 3466502 2026-07-26T13:31:15Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974746 wikitext text/x-wiki {{cautio}} {| class="wikitable floatright" |+ '''Sertralinum''' |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Sertraline.svg|200px|Sertralinum]] |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Sertraline-3D-balls.png|200px|Sertralinum]] |- ! colspan="2" | Natura chemica |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Formula chemica]] || style="font-size: 85%" | {{chem|C|17|H|17|Cl|2|N}} |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Massa molaris]] || style="font-size: 85%" | 306.229 g/mol |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[PubChem]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/68617 68617] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[DrugBank]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://web.archive.org/web/20190126001207/https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01104 DB01104] |- ! colspan="2" | Natura pharmacologica |- | style="font-size: 85%" | Codex ATC || style="font-size: 85%" | {{ATC|N06AB|06}} |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Tempus semivitae biologicum]] || style="font-size: 85%" | ~23–26 h |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Metabolismus]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [[iecur|iecore]] (hepaticus):<br />[[CYP2B6]] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | Metabolitus || style="font-size: 85%" | Desmethylo-sertralinum |- | style="font-size: 85%" | Excretio || style="font-size: 85%" | [[ren]]ibus |- ! colspan="2" | Ad usum therapeuticum |- | style="font-size: 85%" | Applicatio || style="font-size: 85%" | per os |- | style="font-size: 85%" | MedlinePlus || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a697048.html a697048] {{Ling|Anglice}} |} '''Sertralinum''' est [[substantia]] psychoanaleptica, antidepressiva et inhibitor reabsorptionis [[serotoninum|serotonini]] selectivus. Quae ad [[conturbatio obsessionis-compulsionis|conturbationem obsessionem-compulsionem]] et [[phobia]]s curandas adhibetur. == Historia == Anno [[1978]] [[chemicus]] Willard Welsh societatis ''Pfizer'' [[Mixtura|mixturam]] Sertralini et [[enantiomer]]ium eius fecit<ref>Willard M. Welch (1995). Discovery and preclinical development of the serotonin reuptake inhibitor sertraline. Advances in Medicinal Chemistry 3: 113-148</ref><ref>JJ Li (2009). Triumph of the heart. The Story of Statins. Oxford University Press. Pag. 135</ref>. Intra unum mensem Welsh enantiomeres inactivos removit, ut Sertralinum primus [[inhibitor reabsorptionis Serotonini selectivus]] purus fuerit. Anno [[1991]] Sertralinum in mercatum introductum est. == Natura Sertralini == === Natura chemica === Sertralinum est naphtylaminum cuius structura chemica (1[[Nomenclatura Cahn-Ingold-Prelog|S]],4[[Nomenclatura Cahn-Ingold-Prelog|S]])-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-aminum et [[massa molaris]] 306.229 g/mol est. [[Systema classificationis Anatomicum Therapeuticum Chemicumque|Codex ATC]] est [[Codex ATC N06AB|N06AB]]06. === Natura pharmacologica === === Pharmacodynamica === Sertralinum imprimis inhibitor reabsorptionis serotonini affinitate sui notate cum transportatro serotonini (''SERT'') est, K<sub>i</sub> = 2.0 habens<ref>http://www.abcam.com/Sertraline-hydrochloride-ab141068.pdf</ref>. Novem [[Chiliogramma|mg]]/die sufficit ut transportatrorum dimidium serotonini impediatur<ref>Meyer JH, Wilson AA, Sagrati S, Hussey D, Carella A, Potter WZ, Ginovart N, Spencer EP, Cheok A, Houle S (2004). Serotonin transporter occupancy of five selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors at different doses: an [11C]DASB positron emission tomography study. Am J Psych 161 (5): 826–35</ref>. === Pharmacocinetica === [[Tempus semivitae biologicum]] <math>t_{\frac{1}{2}}</math> est circa 25 horae.<ref>[http://goldbook.iupac.org/B00658.html Fons.]</ref> Sertralinum [[substratum (Chemia)|substratum]] [[Cytochroma P450|cytochromatum]], imprimis [[CYP2B6]], minor [[CYP3A4]] et [[CYP2C19]], est<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Obach R. S., Cox L. M., Tremaine L. M. |title=Sertraline is metabolized by multiple cytochrome P450 enzymes, monoamine oxidases, and glucuronyl transferases in human: an in vitro study |journal=Drug Metab Dispos |year=2005 |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=262-70 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15547048}}</ref>. Excretio est per urinas. == Usus Sertralini == === Toxicitas === Dosis letalis <ref>Shinkei Seishin Yakuri (1997). Neuropsychopharmacology. Bd. 19, S. 395</ref> 2800-7000 mg/kg homini ([[mus]]: 336) est. == Effectus usu == === Reactiones adversae === {{Main| Adversa drogae reactio}} * [[Hyponatraemia]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Varela Piñón M., Adán-Manes J. |title=Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor-Induced Hyponatremia: Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Alternatives |journal=[[Clinical neuropharmacology]] |year=2017 |volume=40 |issue=4 |pages=177-9 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28622213}}</ref> {{NexInt}} * [[Depressio (psychiatria)|Depressio]] * [[Pharmacologia]] == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Antidepressiva]] czo0sb6aa4v82r1azrcns3hr6ivpb5t Dzitō (imperatrix) 0 264139 3974734 3974655 2026-07-26T13:10:25Z IacobusAmor 1163 ~ Menda manent. 3974734 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-3}} [[Fasciculus:Empress_Jito_by_Katsukawa_Shunsho.png|thumb|Imperatrix Dzitō.]] [[Fasciculus:Hyakuninisshu 002.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|Imperatrix Dzitō cum suo [[waka]] [[poema]]te.]][[Fasciculus:TenmuJitoTomb.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|[[Sepulcrum]] Temmu et Dzitō.]] '''Dzitō'''{{FD ref}} ([[Iaponice]] 持統天皇),<ref>Nomen posthume datum est aevo Heian (circa saeculum IX).</ref> nomen formale{{dubsig}} 高天原広野姫天皇 '''Takamanohara-Hinohimeno-Sumeramikoto''' (nata anno [[645]]; mortua anno [[703]]), fuit quadragesima prima [[Imperatores Iaponiae|Imperatrix Iaponiensis]]. [[Uxor]] [[Tenmu (imperator)|Temmu]] imperatoris quadragesimi fuit. Status suus imperatoris fuit ab anno [[690]] et ad annum [[697]] fuit. Die [[8 Decembris]] anno [[689]], [[alea (modus ludendi)|aleas]] [[ludus tabularis|tabularis]] probibavit{{dubsig}} ante coronizatione{{dubsig}},<ref>''[[Nihon Shoki]]'', Liber 30.</ref> et die [[3 Martii]] [[692]] ipsa ad [[Ise Magnum Templum|Ise]] [[peregrinatio|peregrinavit]] contra consilium ministri Ōmiwa-no-Asomitakechimaro (Iaponice 大三輪阿臣高市麻呂), dicens ut{{dubsig}} peregrinationem [[agricultura]]m prohibere posse.<ref>''[[Nihon Shoki]]'', Liber 30.</ref> Tamen [[tributum|tributa]] populi excepta sunt. Post mortem primum [[ignis|igni]] cremata est, et [[sepulcrum]] cum Imperatore Tennmu stat.{{dubsig}} Etiam [[Fujiwara-kyō]] (藤原京) [[caput (urbs)|caput]] nova ex Asukakiyahara-no-miya (飛鳥浄御原宮) et [[templum]] [[Buddhismus|Buddhisticum]] [[Yakushi-ji]] (薬師寺) quod Imperator Tenmu decrevit finivit.{{dubsig}} == Notae == <references/> {{Lifetime|saeculo 7|saeculo 8|Dzito}} [[Categoria:Imperatores Iaponiae]] ruqyn81qs5qsgb8w4500fbmfupbuss4 3974735 3974734 2026-07-26T13:11:06Z IacobusAmor 1163 IacobusAmor movit paginam [[Jitō (imperatrix)]] ad [[Dzitō (imperatrix)]]: Lemma 3974734 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-3}} [[Fasciculus:Empress_Jito_by_Katsukawa_Shunsho.png|thumb|Imperatrix Dzitō.]] [[Fasciculus:Hyakuninisshu 002.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|Imperatrix Dzitō cum suo [[waka]] [[poema]]te.]][[Fasciculus:TenmuJitoTomb.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|[[Sepulcrum]] Temmu et Dzitō.]] '''Dzitō'''{{FD ref}} ([[Iaponice]] 持統天皇),<ref>Nomen posthume datum est aevo Heian (circa saeculum IX).</ref> nomen formale{{dubsig}} 高天原広野姫天皇 '''Takamanohara-Hinohimeno-Sumeramikoto''' (nata anno [[645]]; mortua anno [[703]]), fuit quadragesima prima [[Imperatores Iaponiae|Imperatrix Iaponiensis]]. [[Uxor]] [[Tenmu (imperator)|Temmu]] imperatoris quadragesimi fuit. Status suus imperatoris fuit ab anno [[690]] et ad annum [[697]] fuit. Die [[8 Decembris]] anno [[689]], [[alea (modus ludendi)|aleas]] [[ludus tabularis|tabularis]] probibavit{{dubsig}} ante coronizatione{{dubsig}},<ref>''[[Nihon Shoki]]'', Liber 30.</ref> et die [[3 Martii]] [[692]] ipsa ad [[Ise Magnum Templum|Ise]] [[peregrinatio|peregrinavit]] contra consilium ministri Ōmiwa-no-Asomitakechimaro (Iaponice 大三輪阿臣高市麻呂), dicens ut{{dubsig}} peregrinationem [[agricultura]]m prohibere posse.<ref>''[[Nihon Shoki]]'', Liber 30.</ref> Tamen [[tributum|tributa]] populi excepta sunt. Post mortem primum [[ignis|igni]] cremata est, et [[sepulcrum]] cum Imperatore Tennmu stat.{{dubsig}} Etiam [[Fujiwara-kyō]] (藤原京) [[caput (urbs)|caput]] nova ex Asukakiyahara-no-miya (飛鳥浄御原宮) et [[templum]] [[Buddhismus|Buddhisticum]] [[Yakushi-ji]] (薬師寺) quod Imperator Tenmu decrevit finivit.{{dubsig}} == Notae == <references/> {{Lifetime|saeculo 7|saeculo 8|Dzito}} [[Categoria:Imperatores Iaponiae]] ruqyn81qs5qsgb8w4500fbmfupbuss4 Nicolaus Monardes 0 266648 3974748 3802716 2026-07-26T13:45:45Z Andrew Dalby 1084 /* Bibliographia */ 3974748 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Nicolaus Monardes'''<ref>"Nicolai Monardis": vide e.g. imaginem nostram</ref> seu '''Monardus''',<ref>"Nicolao Monardo": vide e.g. C. Clusius, ''Exoticorum libri decem'' (1605) [https://archive.org/stream/mobot31753000811387#page/295/mode/1up p. 295]</ref> vulgo plene ''Nicolás Bautista Monardes Alfaro'' ([[Hispalis|Hispali]] natus anno circiter 1493; mortuus die [[10 Octobris]] [[1588]]) fuit medicus et pharmacologus qui [[Latine]] et [[Hispanice]] scribebat. Opus utilissimus de medicamentis in [[America]] nuper repertis Hispanice composuit bisque auxit, quod opus Latine convertit [[Carolus Clusius]]. == Opera == [[Fasciculus:Monardes Pharmacodilosis tp.jpg|thumb|''Diálogo llamado Pharmacodilosis'' (1536): titulus]] * 1536 : ''Diálogo llamado Pharmacodilosis o declaracion medicinal''. Hispali {{Google Books|vWm420zPdFAC}} * 1539 : ''De secanda vena in pleuriti inter Grecos et Arabes concordia'' [https://archive.org/details/hin-wel-all-00002447-001 Editio Antverpiana 1551] * 1540 : ''De rosa et partibus eius: De succi rosarum temperatura, nec non De rosis Persicis, quas Alexandrinas vocant, libellus'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20161011194102/http://alfama.sim.ucm.es/dioscorides/consulta_libro.asp?ref=x532543482 Textus] {{Google Books|xrSh_JtRlGUC}} [https://archive.org/details/hin-wel-all-00002447-001 Editio Antverpiana 1551] * 1545 : ''Sevillana medicina: que trata el modo conseruativo y curativo delos que abitan enla muy ingsigne ciudad de Sevilla'' {{Google Books|2f08AAAAcAAJ}} * 1565 : ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Dos libros. El uno trata de todas las cosas que traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales, que sirven al uso de medicina]]''. Hispali: Hernando Diaz * 1571 : ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Segunda parte del libro des las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales, que sirven al uso de la medicina; do se trata del tabaco, y de la sassafras, y del carlo sancto, y de otras muchas yervas y plantas, simientes, y licores que agora nuevamente han venido de aqulellas partes, de grandes virtudes y maravillosos effectos]]''. Hispali: Alonso Escrivano * 1571 : ''Libro que trata de la nieve, y de sus propiedades: y del modo que se ha de tener, en el bever enfriado cō ella: y de los otros modos que ay de enfriar''. Hispali: Alonso Escrivano {{Google Books|qsVwGweCX4EC}} * 1574 : ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Primera, segunda y tercera partes de la historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales, que sirven en medicina; Tratado de la piedra bezaar, y dela yerva escuerçonera; Diálogo de las grandezas del hierro, y de sus virtudes medicinales]]'' == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * C. R. Boxer, ''Two pioneers of tropical medicine: Garcia d'Orta and Nicolás Monardes''. Londinii: Wellcome Historical Medical Library, 1963; [https://archive.org/details/b20457248 Textus] * Francisco Guerra, ''Nicolás Bautista Monardes, su vida y su obra, ca. 1493-1588''. Mexicopoli, 1961 ; Aliae encyclopaediae * José Luís Fresquet Febrer, "Monardes, Nicolás Bautista (Sevilla c. 1493-Sevilla 20.X.1588)" in ''Diccionario Biográfico Español''. Matriti: Real Academia de la Historia; [https://historia-hispanica.rah.es/biografias/31225-nicolas-bautista-monardes Recensio interretialis] * "Monardes, Nicolás Bautista (n.Sevila ca. 1493; m. en Sevilla, 1588)" in José M. López Piñero et al., ''Diccionario Histórico de la Ciencia Moderna en España'' vol. 2 (Barcinone: Ediciones Península, 1983) == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Nicolás Monardes|Nicolaum Monardes}} * "[http://devenirdelaciencia.blogspot.co.ke/2009/02/nicolas-monardes-un-medico-renacentista.html NIcolás Monardes: un médico renacentista sevillano "padre de la Farmacología"]" (2009) apud ''El devenir de la ciencia'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Monardes, Nicolaus}} [[Categoria:Nati saeculo 15]] [[Categoria:Mortui 1588]] [[Categoria:Medici Hispaniae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores de medicamentis]] [[Categoria:Auctores Latini Renascentiae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Hispanici]] 9g5xltd667ud3ajsilic4nqm12rf0mx 3974764 3974748 2026-07-26T14:18:45Z IacobusAmor 1163 Lifetime &c. 3974764 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Nicolaus Monardes'''<ref>"Nicolai Monardis": vide e.g. imaginem nostram.</ref> seu '''Monardus''',<ref>"Nicolao Monardo": vide e.g. C. Clusius, ''Exoticorum libri decem'' (1605) [https://archive.org/stream/mobot31753000811387#page/295/mode/1up p. 295]</ref> vulgo plene ''Nicolás Bautista Monardes Alfaro'' ([[Hispalis|Hispali]] natus anno circiter 1493; mortuus die [[10 Octobris]] [[1588]]) fuit [[medicus]] et [[pharmacologia|pharmacologus]] qui [[Latine]] et [[Hispanice]] scribebat. Opus utilissimum de [[medicamentum|medicamentis]] in [[America]] nuper repertis Hispanice composuit bisque auxit, quod opus Latine convertit [[Carolus Clusius]]. == Opera == [[Fasciculus:Monardes Pharmacodilosis tp.jpg|thumb|''Diálogo llamado Pharmacodilosis'' (1536): titulus]] * 1536 : ''Diálogo llamado Pharmacodilosis o declaracion medicinal''. Hispali {{Google Books|vWm420zPdFAC}} * 1539 : ''De secanda vena in pleuriti inter Grecos et Arabes concordia'' [https://archive.org/details/hin-wel-all-00002447-001 Editio Antverpiana 1551] * 1540 : ''De rosa et partibus eius: De succi rosarum temperatura, nec non De rosis Persicis, quas Alexandrinas vocant, libellus'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20161011194102/http://alfama.sim.ucm.es/dioscorides/consulta_libro.asp?ref=x532543482 Textus] {{Google Books|xrSh_JtRlGUC}} [https://archive.org/details/hin-wel-all-00002447-001 Editio Antverpiana 1551] * 1545 : ''Sevillana medicina: que trata el modo conseruativo y curativo delos que abitan enla muy ingsigne ciudad de Sevilla'' {{Google Books|2f08AAAAcAAJ}} * 1565 : ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Dos libros. El uno trata de todas las cosas que traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales, que sirven al uso de medicina]]''. Hispali: Hernando Diaz * 1571 : ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Segunda parte del libro des las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales, que sirven al uso de la medicina; do se trata del tabaco, y de la sassafras, y del carlo sancto, y de otras muchas yervas y plantas, simientes, y licores que agora nuevamente han venido de aqulellas partes, de grandes virtudes y maravillosos effectos]]''. Hispali: Alonso Escrivano * 1571 : ''Libro que trata de la nieve, y de sus propiedades: y del modo que se ha de tener, en el bever enfriado cō ella: y de los otros modos que ay de enfriar''. Hispali: Alonso Escrivano {{Google Books|qsVwGweCX4EC}} * 1574 : ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Primera, segunda y tercera partes de la historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales, que sirven en medicina; Tratado de la piedra bezaar, y dela yerva escuerçonera; Diálogo de las grandezas del hierro, y de sus virtudes medicinales]]'' == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * C. R. Boxer, ''Two pioneers of tropical medicine: Garcia d'Orta and Nicolás Monardes''. Londinii: Wellcome Historical Medical Library, 1963; [https://archive.org/details/b20457248 Textus] * Francisco Guerra, ''Nicolás Bautista Monardes, su vida y su obra, ca. 1493-1588''. Mexicopoli, 1961 ; Aliae encyclopaediae * José Luís Fresquet Febrer, "Monardes, Nicolás Bautista (Sevilla c. 1493-Sevilla 20.X.1588)" in ''Diccionario Biográfico Español''. Matriti: Real Academia de la Historia; [https://historia-hispanica.rah.es/biografias/31225-nicolas-bautista-monardes Recensio interretialis] * "Monardes, Nicolás Bautista (n.Sevila ca. 1493; m. en Sevilla, 1588)" in José M. López Piñero et al., ''Diccionario Histórico de la Ciencia Moderna en España'' vol. 2 (Barcinone: Ediciones Península, 1983) == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Nicolás Monardes|Nicolaum Monardes}} * "[http://devenirdelaciencia.blogspot.co.ke/2009/02/nicolas-monardes-un-medico-renacentista.html NIcolás Monardes: un médico renacentista sevillano "padre de la Farmacología"]" (2009) apud ''El devenir de la ciencia'' {{Lifetime|saeculo 15|1588|Monardes, Nicolaus}} [[Categoria:Auctores Hispanici]] [[Categoria:Auctores Latini Renascentiae]] [[Categoria:Medici Hispaniae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores de medicamentis]] jdy4jn117h564sx8z68hurnq4l3hmsb Gulielmus Irwin (histrio) 0 266754 3974848 3830684 2026-07-26T22:11:46Z Bartholomite 116968 Bartholomite movit paginam [[Bill Irwin]] ad [[Gulielmus Irwin (histrio)]]: latine 3830684 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Bill Irwin - Cropped.jpg|thumb|Irwin anno [[2013]]]] '''Gulielmus Mills''' "'''Bill'''" '''Irwin''' ([[Anglice]] ''William Mills Irwin,'' natus [[Sicagum|Sicagi]] die [[11 Aprilis]] [[1950]]) est [[comoedia|comicus]] et [[histrio]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Americanus]]. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Bill Irwin|Gulielmum Irwin}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160421061435/http://www.bill-irwin.com/ Situs proprius] * {{IMDb name|0410347}} {{bio-stipula}} {{lifetime|1950| |Irwin, Gulielmus}} [[Categoria:Nati 1950]] [[Categoria:Actores Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Actores televisifici Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Alumni Collegii Oberlin]] [[Categoria:Incolae Californiae]] lf5046tx6q57860yievw9ybyd9ja1a4 Receptorium dopamini D3 0 273583 3974780 3518898 2026-07-26T15:23:29Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Notae */ 3974780 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Receptorium dopamini D3''' cum [[scientia]]e abbreviatura '''DR3''' est [[proteinum]] et in [[Cerebrum|cerebro]] [[receptorium neurotransmissoris|receptorium]] principale actionum substantiarum antipsychoticarum. In hominibus in [[chromosoma 3 (homo)|chromosomate 3]] (3q13.31) locati [[genum|geni]] nomen est ''DRD3''<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1814 Descriptio loci geni DRD3].</ref>. Receptorium hoc enzymum [[adenylylo cyclasis]] inhibet. Nonnulla medicamenta in [[schizophrenia]]m, [[morbus Parkinson|morbum Parkinson]], [[dependentia (medicina)|dependentia]]s<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Galaj E, Ewing S, Ranaldi R |title=Dopamine D1 and D3 receptor polypharmacology as a potential treatment approach for substance use disorder |journal=Neurosci Biobehav Rev |year=2018 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29577963}}</ref> tractandis effectus suus per hoc receptorium dopamini perficiunt. == Ligandi receptorii dopamini D<sub>3</sub> == [[Ligandus (biochemia)|ligandi]] effectus suus [[agonista (biochemia)|agonista]]e et agonistae partiales et antagonistae exercent. ''Agonistae'' saepe sunt medicamenta tractationis morbi Parkison, ut [[Apomorphinum]], [[Bromocriptinum]], [[Piribedilum]], [[Pramipexolum]], [[Ropinirolum]], [[Rotigotinum]]. Exempla ''agonistarum partialium'' sunt [[Aripiprazolum]] et [[Buspironum]], ''antagonistarum'' [[Haloperidolum]] et alia substantiae antipsychoticae. == Pathophysiologia == === Morbus Parkinson === Apud homines in [[Morbus Parkinson|morbo Parkinson]] incasos cum symptomata temeraria contextus stimulatione receptorii D<sub>3</sub> suspicatus est<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Castro-Martínez XH, García-Ruiz PJ, Martínez-García C, Martínez-Castrillo JC, Vela L, Mata M6, Martínez-Torres I, Feliz-Feliz C, Palau F, Hoenicka J |title=Behavioral addictions in early-onset Parkinson disease are associated with DRD3 variants |journal=Parkinsonism Relat Disord |year=2018 |volume=49 |pages=100-3 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29361389}}</ref>. Observationes incidentiae illorum auctae post consumptionem medicamentorum agonistarum, quae receptoria D<sub>3</sub> stimulant, hanc praesumptionem adiuvant. === Syndroma membrorum inquietorum === [[Syndroma membrorum inquietorum]] (Anglice: ''Restless legs syndrome'', abbrev. ''RLS'') melius [[agonista (biochemia)|agonistis]] D<sub>3</sub> fiat, effectus sane hic saepe modo brevi tempore continuetur, itaque status "hyper-dopaminergicus" propositus est<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Dinkins ML, Lallemand P, Clemens S |title=Long-term treatment with dopamine D3 receptor agonists induces a behavioral switch that can be rescued by blocking the dopamine D1 receptor |journal=Sleep Med |year=2017 |volume=40 |pages=47-52 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29221778}}</ref>. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Ellen Y. T. Chien, "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/40931917 Structure of the Human Dopamine D3 Receptor in Complex with a D2/D3 Selective Antagonist]", ''Science'', 2010: 1091-5 {{NexInt}} * [[Antipsychoticum]] * [[Morbus Parkinson]] * [[Schizophrenia]] [[Categoria:Receptoria dopamini]] 6zui915rvgqdzu9fcbxaft8qg4buhna Durankulak (locus archaeologicus) 0 274393 3974777 3974452 2026-07-26T15:12:28Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:Creanda|creanda]]}} → {{[[Formula:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|subst:pcc]]}}; minora 3974777 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Charta locatrix | Bulgariae physicalis | label = ''Durankulak'' | lat_deg = 43 | lat_min = 40 | lon_deg = 28 | lon_min = 32 | position = left | background = | mark = Brown pog.svg | width = 300 | float = right | caption = Situs in Bulgaria }} {{res|Durankulak}} ([[Bulgarice]] Археологически резерват „Дуранкулак“) est {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|locus archaeologicus||en|qid=Q839954}} ad [[litus]] [[aestuarium|aestuarii]] prope [[oppidum]] hodiernum {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Durankulak|eiusdem nominis|en|qid=Q1266785}} iacens, quod aestuarium in [[pontus Euxinus|pontum Euxinum]] defluit. Ruinae oppidi [[Neolithicum|neolithici]], [[necropolis]] [[Chalcolithicum|chalcolithica]], [[templum]]que [[dea]]e [[Cybele|Cybelae]] [[Hellenismus|aevi Hellenistici]] ibi visitantur. Effossionibus [[archaeologia|archaeologicis]] multos annos praefuit [[Henrietta Todorova]]<ref>Bisserka Gaydarska, “[https://web.archive.org/web/20150905082156/http://antiquity.ac.uk/tributes/todorova.html Henrieta Todorova, 25 February 1933–12 April 2015: Appreciation]” in ''Antiquity''.</ref> et [[Ioannes Vaisov]]. == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == [[Fasciculus:Sofia - Skeleton from the Durankulak Necropolis.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Sepultura|Ossa sepulta]] millennii V a.C.n. in necropoli Duranculaciana. [[Museum Nationale Historicum (Serdica)|Museum Nationale Historicum]] [[Serdica]]e.]] [[Fasciculus:Durankulak lake E31.jpg|thumb|upright=1|Ruinae oppidi neolithici iuxta litus aestuarii Durankulak effossae.]] * Elisaveta Bozhilova, Spasimir Tonkov, “Palaeoecological studies in Lake Durankulak.” ''Ann. Univ. Sofia Fac. Biol.'' 2: 76 (1985): 25–30. * Elisaveta Bozhilova, Spasimir Tonkov, “Towards the vegetation and settlement history of the southern Dobrudza coastal region, north-eastern Bulgaria: a pollen diagram from Lake Durankulak.” ''Vegetation History and Archaeobotany'' 7 (1998): 141–148. * Noah V. Honch et al., “[http://iansa.eu/papers/IANSA-2013-02-honch_onlinefirst.pdf West Pontic Diets: A Scientific Framework for Understanding the Durankulak and Varna I Cemeteries, Bulgaria]” in ''Interdisciplinaria archaeologica'' vol. 4 (2013) * Noah V. Honch et al., “A palaeodietary investigation of carbon (14C/14C) and nitrogen (14C/14C) in human and animal bones from the Copper Age necropoleis of Varna and Durankulak, Bulgaria” in ''Journal of Archaeological Science'' vol. 33 (2006) pp. 1493–1504 * Igor Manzura, “[https://web.archive.org/web/20170510153058/http://www.iianthropology.org/files/IgorDurankulak.pdf The Proto-Bronze Age Cemetery at Durankulak: a look from the east]” in Lolita Nikolova, John Fritz, Jude Higgins, edd., ''Prehistoric Archaeology & Anthropological Theory and Education. RPRP 6-7'' (2005) pp. 51-55 * E. Marinova, “The new pollen core Lake Durankulak-3: a contribution to the vegetation history and human impact in Northeastern Bulgaria” in S. Tonkov, ed., ''Aspects of Palynology and Palaeoecology: Festschrift in honor of Elissaveta Bozilova'' (Serdicae: Pensoft, 2003) pp. 279–288 * E. Marinova, J. Atanassova, “Anthropogenic impact on vegetation and environment during the Bronze Age in the area of Lake Durankulak, NE Bulgaria: Pollen, microscopic charcoal, non-pollen palynomorphs and plant macrofossils” in ''Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology'' vol. 3 (2006) pp. 165–178 * Nadja Ognjanova-Rumenova, “[https://web.archive.org/web/20180920194319/http://mgu.bg/geoarchmin/naterials/59Ognjanova-Rumenova.pdf Palaeoenvironment and Archaeology: the use of diatom analysis in archaeology]” in R. I. Kostov, B. Gaydarska, M. Gurova, edd., ''Geoarchaeology and Archaeomineralogy: Proceedings of the International Conference, 29-30 October 2008'' (Serdicae: Publishing House “St. Ivan Rilski”, 2008) pp. 291-294 * Henrieta Todorova, “Ausgrabungen in Durankulak, Bezirk Tolbuchin (Bulgarien), in der Periode 1975 – 1981” in ''Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte'' vol. 52 (1983) pp. 77-89 * Henrieta Todorova, ed., ''Durankulak, vol. 1''. Serdicae: Bulgarian Academy of Science, 1989 * Henrieta Todorova, ed., ''Durankulak, Band II: Die prähistorischen Gräberfelder von Durankulak''. 2 fascc. Serdicae et Berolini, 2002 * Henrieta Todorova, T. Dimov, “Ausgrabungen in Durankulak 1974–1987” in ''Varia Archaeologica Hungarica'' vol. 2 (1989) pp. 291–306 * Spasimir Tonkov, Elena Marinova, Mariana Filipova-Marinova, Elissaveta Bozhilova, “[https://web.archive.org/web/20160820172739/http://elenamarinova.net/publications/Tonkov_etal_inpress_2013.pdf Holocene palaeoecology and human-environmental interactions at the coastal Black Sea Lake Durankulak, northeastern Bulgaria]” in ''Quaternary International'' (2013) == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Durankulak archaeological complex|locum archaeologicum Durankulak}} {{Coord|43|40|9|N|28|31|56|E|display=title}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180909134302/http://archaeologyinbulgaria.com/durankulak-lake-paleolithic-neolithic-settlement-durankulak-bulgaria/ Pagina] apud ''Archaeology in Bulgaria'' [[Categoria:Loci archaeologici Bulgariae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati aetatis aëneae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati neolithici]] [[Categoria:Sepulturae]] oiu54vyqf1tmi1f941dgb0uoke8e8t1 Ioannes Radvanus 0 276805 3974924 3907182 2026-07-27T10:13:54Z Demetrius Talpa 81729 /* Editiones */ 3974924 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Ioannes Radvanus''' ([[Albaruthenice]] ''Ян Радван'', [[Lituanice]] ''Jonas Radvanas''), post annum 1591 mortuus, poeta Latinus [[Magnus Ducatus Lituaniae|Magni Ducatus Lituaniae]] fuit. == Vita et opera == Vita Radvani paene ignota est. [[Vilna]]e et in [[Universitas Patavina|Universitate Studii Paduani]] educatus est. Scripsit ''Epitalamium in nuptis… Christophori Monvidi Dorohostajski'', anno 1590 [[Vilna]]e editum, carmen epicum ''Radiviliadem'' et nonnulla alia, variis libris inserta. == ''Radivilias'' == ''Radivilias'', poema in quattuor libris et circa 3000 versibus, vitam et opera {{Creanda|lt|Mikalojus Radvila Rudasis|Nicolaus Radivillus Ruber|Nicolai Radivilli Rubri}}, imprimis {{Creanda|en|Livonian War|Bellum Livonicum|Bello Livonico}} gesta, describit. Libri eius haec sunt: * I — de origine Nicolai Radivilli et de indole eius; de [[Starodubum|Starodubo]] expugnato; * II — de initio belli Livonici; * III — de proeliis magnis, imprimis de {{Creanda|en|Battle of Ula|Proelium Ulense|proelio Ulensi}} et de gestis Radivilli gloriosis; * IV — de fine belli et de morte Radivilli. Inimicorum in bello Livonico [[Russi|Russorum]] (quos Radvanus ''Moschos'', i.e. ''[[Moscua|Moscuenses]]'', nominat) rex est [[Ioannes IV (tzar Russiae)|Ioannes Severus]], coloribus tenebricosis pictus. Multa nomina locorum Latina Russiae et Europae Orientalis poema continet. == Editiones == * ''Radivilias, sive, De vita, et rebus praeclarissime gestis, immortalis memoriae, illustrissimi principis Nicolai Radivili Georgii filii, ducis in Dubinki ac Bierze ... libri quatuor'', Ioannis Radvani Lit[uani] ... ex officina Ioannis Kartzani, Vilnae, [1592]. * [https://archive.org/details/radvanas-radviliada-1997/page/n1/mode/1up Jonas Radvanas, ''Radviliada'', ed. Sigitas Narbutas, Vilnae, 1997] (cum versione Lituanica et commentariis doctis). == Bibliographia == * [http://elib.bspu.by/bitstream/doc/10850/1/Статья%202.pdf Žanna Nekraševič-Karotkaja. ''Latin Epic Poetry and its Evolution as a Factor of Cultural Identity in Central and Eastern Europe in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries''] {{ling|Anglice}} * ''Некрашевич-Короткая Ж. В.'' [http://www.llti.lt/failai/Rec_Nekrasevic.pdf Tibi surgit opus, Lituania praestans!] // Senoji lietuvos literatūra. — 29 knyga, 2010. {{ling|Russice}} == Nexus externi == * [https://archive.org/details/Radivilias ''Radiviliadis'' editio prima] (vel [https://elibrary.mab.lt/handle/1/2805?show=full hic] vel [http://www.epaveldas.lt/object/recordDescription/LMAVB/MAB01-000249052 hic]) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210507222053/http://lim.by/limbyfiles/mal1_2011.pdf Initium ''Radiviliadis'', versio Albaruthenica] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181024203157/http://www.xn--altiniai-4wb.info/files/literatura/LD00/Jonas_Radvanas._Radviliada.LD2700.pdf ''Radivilias'', versionis Lituanicae fragmenta] * [https://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/jan-radwan De Ioanne Radvano]{{Nexus deficit|date=May 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{ling|Polonice}} {{Lifetime|saeculo 16|saeculo 16 aut 17|Radvanus, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Poetae Latini Magni ducatus Lituaniae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Latini Renascentiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Lituaniae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Rutheniae Albae]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Patavinae]] [[Categoria:Epici]] a4nteq33ycwta00ikv379vkoay0cdmd VeggieTales 0 279112 3974850 3621891 2026-07-26T22:19:56Z Bartholomite 116968 3974850 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina non annexa}} {{Latinitas|-3}} {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:VeggieTales logo.svg|thumb|''VeggieTales'' [[logotypus]].]] {{ores|VeggieTales}} ([[Latine]] "VegeFabulae") est series animata facta [[natio]]ne [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]], a Phillipo Vischer et Michaele Nawrocki creata, ab anno [[1993]]. == Personae == === Principales === * Bob ([[Solanum lycopersicum]]) * Larry ([[Cucumis sativus]]) * Junior (Asparagus officinalis) * Archibald (Asparagus officinalis) * Jimmy & Jerry ([[Lagenaria siceraria]]) * Pa ([[Uva]]) * Laura ([[Daucus carota]]) * Mr. Nezzer ([[Cucurbita pepo]]) * Mr. Lunt ([[Lagenaria siceraria]]) * Jean-Claude & Philippe ([[Pisum sativum]]) * Petunia ([[Rheubarbarum|Rheum rhabarbarum]]) === Secundariorum === * Scooter ([[Daucus carota]]) * Khalil ([[Eruca (larva)|Eruca]]) * Phil Winklestein ([[Apium graveolens]]) * Annie ([[Allium cepa]]) * Percy ([[Pisum sativum]]) == Nexus externus == * {{Imdb title|0865856|VeggieTales}} {{cine-stipula}} [[Categoria:Programmata televisifica 1993]] [[Categoria:Programmata televisifica Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Series animata]] gj2uiik79v650a8xore00wyvni2suci 3974851 3974850 2026-07-26T22:20:50Z Bartholomite 116968 3974851 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina non annexa}} {{Latinitas|-3}} {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:VeggieTales logo.svg|thumb|''VeggieTales'' [[logotypus]].]] {{ores|VeggieTales}} ([[Latine]] "VegeFabulae") est series animata facta [[natio]]ne [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]], a Philippo Vischer et Michaele Nawrocki creata, ab anno [[1993]]. == Personae == === Principales === * Bob ([[Solanum lycopersicum]]) * Larry ([[Cucumis sativus]]) * Junior (Asparagus officinalis) * Archibald (Asparagus officinalis) * Jimmy & Jerry ([[Lagenaria siceraria]]) * Pa ([[Uva]]) * Laura ([[Daucus carota]]) * Mr. Nezzer ([[Cucurbita pepo]]) * Mr. Lunt ([[Lagenaria siceraria]]) * Jean-Claude & Philippe ([[Pisum sativum]]) * Petunia ([[Rheubarbarum|Rheum rhabarbarum]]) === Secundariorum === * Scooter ([[Daucus carota]]) * Khalil ([[Eruca (larva)|Eruca]]) * Phil Winklestein ([[Apium graveolens]]) * Annie ([[Allium cepa]]) * Percy ([[Pisum sativum]]) == Nexus externus == * {{Imdb title|0865856|VeggieTales}} {{cine-stipula}} [[Categoria:Programmata televisifica 1993]] [[Categoria:Programmata televisifica Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Series animata]] br5aow3lhuykfuixrjufb9fkxta68xf Dopamina 0 282628 3974778 3974608 2026-07-26T15:13:45Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Natura chemica */ 3974778 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable floatright" |+ '''Dopamina''' |- ! colspan="2" | Cognitores |- | style="font-size: 85%" | ''[[ChemSpider]]'' || style="font-size: 85%" | [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.661.html 661] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[PubChem]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/681 681] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[DrugBank]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00988 DB00988] |- ! colspan="2" | Natura chemica |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine.svg|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine 3D ball.png|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Formula chemica|Formula summarum]] || style="font-size: 85%" | {{chem|C|8|H|11|N|O|2}} |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Massa molaris]] || style="font-size: 85%" | 153.181 g/mol |- |} '''Dopamina'''<ref>Cfr. "'''Dopaminae'''-β hydroxylase (DBH) ...", apud {{cite journal | last1 = Vogt | first1 = Brent A. | last2 = Hof | first2 = Patrick R. | last3 = Friedman | first3 = David P. | last4 = Sikes | first4 = Robert W. | last5 = Vogt | first5 = Leslie J. | date = 4 [[Martius|Martiis]] 2008 | title = Norepinephrinergic Afferents and Cytology of the Macaque Monkey Midline, Mediodorsal, and Intralaminar Thalamic Nuclei | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2649766/ | journal = Brain Structure and Function | volume = 212 | issue = 6 | pages = 465–479 | doi = 10.1007/s00429-008-0178-0 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref><ref>Fortasse vide etiam "''dopaminae''" apud (p. 11) {{cite web | url = https://www.medicina.unina.it/zit/pagine/meding/DIDACTICS/4ANNO/PHARMACOLOGY%20%20II%20-%202022-23.pdf | title = Integrated Course of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology II | author = [[Universitas Neapolitana]] | year = 2022 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref> vel '''dopaminum''' est [[compositum chemicum|compositum organicum]] [[aminum]] et [[neurotransmissor]] in [[cerebrum|cerebro]], in quo systemata et [[systema remunerationis|remunerationis]] et [[systema extrapyramidale|extrapyramidale]] (motuum) moderatur. In nonnullis cerebri structuris dopamina abunde invenitur, ut in [[substantia nigra]] quae [[axon|axones]] ad [[Striatum|striatum]] proicit. Inopia dopaminae [[morbus Parkinson|morbo Parkinson]] tamquam signum morbi proprium attribuebatur. [[Receptorium neurotransmissoris|Receptoria neurotransmissoris]] quae ad dopaminam spectant, ''dopaminergica'' nominantur. == Natura chemica == [[Nomen proprium|Nomen]] [[IUPAC]] est 4-(2-amino-aethyl)-[[benzinum|benzino]]-1,2-diolum. Simul est [[catecholaminum]], quare dopaminae greges et [[catecholum]] et [[aminum]] insunt. <gallery> Fasciculus:Brenzcatechin.svg|[[Catecholum]] Fasciculus:Fenyloetyloamina.svg|Phenyl-aethyl-aminum </gallery> == Biochemia == Dopamina per [[enzymum]] [[dopaminum beta-hydroxylasis|dopamini beta-hydroxylasis]] in [[neurotransmissor]]em [[noradrenalina]]m transvertitur. == Physiologia == In [[organismus|organismo]], dopamina est et [[hormon]] et [[neurotransmissor]].<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Franco R., Reyes-Resina I., Navarro G. |title=Dopamine in Health and Disease: Much More Than a Neurotransmitter |journal=Biomedicines |year=[[2021]] |month=Ian |month=Ian |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=109 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33499192/}}.</ref> Synthesis imprimis ex [[aminoacidum|aminoacido]] [[phenylalanina]] fit, quae et ipsa per aminoacida [[tyrosina|tyrosinam]] et [[laevodopa]]m (L-DOPA, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanina) in dopaminam convertitur. Degradatio dopaminae per enzyma [[monoaminorum oxidasis B|MAO-B]] et [[catechol-O-methyltransferasis|COMT]] fit. === Dopamina neurotransmissor === In [[systema nervosum centrale|systemate nervoso centrali]] dopamina est [[neurotransmissor]], quae [[receptorium dopaminergicum|receptoria dopaminergica]], ut [[receptorium dopaminae D2|D<sub>2</sub>]] obsidet. Liberatur dopamina de neuronibus [[substantia nigra|substantiae nigrae]] et [[area tegmentalis ventralis|areae tegmentalis ventralis]]. == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Lobus frontalis]] * [[Noradrenalinum]] * [[Systema excitans reticulare ascendens]] * [[Via dopaminergica]] == Nexus externi == * [https://books.google.de/books?id=UnigBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA711&dq=dopaminum&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiSqau0zvbjAhVtsYsKHfrZDOQQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=dopaminum&f=false Fons nominis Latini]. {{Ling|Theodisce}} * [[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dopamine dopaminam] spectant [[Categoria:Amphetaminum]] [[Categoria:Catecholamina]] [[Categoria:Dopaminum| ]] [[Categoria:Hormonta]]<!--i.e., hypothalami + "of the hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis"--> [[Categoria:Incitamenta]] [[Categoria:Libido]] [[Categoria:Neurotransmissores]] [[Categoria:Phenethylamina]] [[Categoria:Systema dopaminergicum (dopaminum)|!]]<!--etiam: Cardiac stimulants Dopamine agonists Inotropic agents Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents TAAR1 agonists Biology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Peripherally selective drugs Human female endocrine system--> sy5umnveta1ncypza0aifaeo5ot2d9z 3974789 3974778 2026-07-26T15:44:09Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Notae */ 3974789 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable floatright" |+ '''Dopamina''' |- ! colspan="2" | Cognitores |- | style="font-size: 85%" | ''[[ChemSpider]]'' || style="font-size: 85%" | [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.661.html 661] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[PubChem]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/681 681] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[DrugBank]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00988 DB00988] |- ! colspan="2" | Natura chemica |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine.svg|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine 3D ball.png|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Formula chemica|Formula summarum]] || style="font-size: 85%" | {{chem|C|8|H|11|N|O|2}} |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Massa molaris]] || style="font-size: 85%" | 153.181 g/mol |- |} '''Dopamina'''<ref>Cfr. "'''Dopaminae'''-β hydroxylase (DBH) ...", apud {{cite journal | last1 = Vogt | first1 = Brent A. | last2 = Hof | first2 = Patrick R. | last3 = Friedman | first3 = David P. | last4 = Sikes | first4 = Robert W. | last5 = Vogt | first5 = Leslie J. | date = 4 [[Martius|Martiis]] 2008 | title = Norepinephrinergic Afferents and Cytology of the Macaque Monkey Midline, Mediodorsal, and Intralaminar Thalamic Nuclei | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2649766/ | journal = Brain Structure and Function | volume = 212 | issue = 6 | pages = 465–479 | doi = 10.1007/s00429-008-0178-0 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref><ref>Fortasse vide etiam "''dopaminae''" apud (p. 11) {{cite web | url = https://www.medicina.unina.it/zit/pagine/meding/DIDACTICS/4ANNO/PHARMACOLOGY%20%20II%20-%202022-23.pdf | title = Integrated Course of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology II | author = [[Universitas Neapolitana]] | year = 2022 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref> vel '''dopaminum''' est [[compositum chemicum|compositum organicum]] [[aminum]] et [[neurotransmissor]] in [[cerebrum|cerebro]], in quo systemata et [[systema remunerationis|remunerationis]] et [[systema extrapyramidale|extrapyramidale]] (motuum) moderatur. In nonnullis cerebri structuris dopamina abunde invenitur, ut in [[substantia nigra]] quae [[axon|axones]] ad [[Striatum|striatum]] proicit. Inopia dopaminae [[morbus Parkinson|morbo Parkinson]] tamquam signum morbi proprium attribuebatur. [[Receptorium neurotransmissoris|Receptoria neurotransmissoris]] quae ad dopaminam spectant, ''dopaminergica'' nominantur. == Natura chemica == [[Nomen proprium|Nomen]] [[IUPAC]] est 4-(2-amino-aethyl)-[[benzinum|benzino]]-1,2-diolum. Simul est [[catecholaminum]], quare dopaminae greges et [[catecholum]] et [[aminum]] insunt. <gallery> Fasciculus:Brenzcatechin.svg|[[Catecholum]] Fasciculus:Fenyloetyloamina.svg|Phenyl-aethyl-aminum </gallery> == Biochemia == Dopamina per [[enzymum]] [[dopaminum beta-hydroxylasis|dopamini beta-hydroxylasis]] in [[neurotransmissor]]em [[noradrenalina]]m transvertitur. == Physiologia == In [[organismus|organismo]], dopamina est et [[hormon]] et [[neurotransmissor]].<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Franco R., Reyes-Resina I., Navarro G. |title=Dopamine in Health and Disease: Much More Than a Neurotransmitter |journal=Biomedicines |year=[[2021]] |month=Ian |month=Ian |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=109 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33499192/}}.</ref> Synthesis imprimis ex [[aminoacidum|aminoacido]] [[phenylalanina]] fit, quae et ipsa per aminoacida [[tyrosina|tyrosinam]] et [[laevodopa]]m (L-DOPA, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanina) in dopaminam convertitur. Degradatio dopaminae per enzyma [[monoaminorum oxidasis B|MAO-B]] et [[catechol-O-methyltransferasis|COMT]] fit. === Dopamina neurotransmissor === In [[systema nervosum centrale|systemate nervoso centrali]] dopamina est [[neurotransmissor]], quae [[receptorium dopaminergicum|receptoria dopaminergica]], ut [[receptorium dopaminae D2|D<sub>2</sub>]] obsidet. Liberatur dopamina de neuronibus [[substantia nigra|substantiae nigrae]] et [[area tegmentalis ventralis|areae tegmentalis ventralis]]. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Marianne O Klein, Daniella S Battagello, Ariel R Cardoso, David N Hauser, Jackson C Bittencourt, Ricardo G Correa. "[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11469830/ Dopamine: Functions, Signaling, and Association with Neurological Diseases]", ''Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology'', 2018: 31–59. {{NexInt}} * [[Lobus frontalis]] * [[Noradrenalinum]] * [[Systema excitans reticulare ascendens]] * [[Via dopaminergica]] == Nexus externi == * [https://books.google.de/books?id=UnigBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA711&dq=dopaminum&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiSqau0zvbjAhVtsYsKHfrZDOQQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=dopaminum&f=false Fons nominis Latini]. {{Ling|Theodisce}} * [[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dopamine dopaminam] spectant [[Categoria:Amphetaminum]] [[Categoria:Catecholamina]] [[Categoria:Dopaminum| ]] [[Categoria:Hormonta]]<!--i.e., hypothalami + "of the hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis"--> [[Categoria:Incitamenta]] [[Categoria:Libido]] [[Categoria:Neurotransmissores]] [[Categoria:Phenethylamina]] [[Categoria:Systema dopaminergicum (dopaminum)|!]]<!--etiam: Cardiac stimulants Dopamine agonists Inotropic agents Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents TAAR1 agonists Biology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Peripherally selective drugs Human female endocrine system--> mcz8vgrenf94jwumbjjpedqjr0e8wz3 3974792 3974789 2026-07-26T15:48:00Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3974792 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable floatright" |+ '''Dopamina''' |- ! colspan="2" | Cognitores |- | style="font-size: 85%" | ''[[ChemSpider]]'' || style="font-size: 85%" | [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.661.html 661] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[PubChem]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/681 681] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[DrugBank]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00988 DB00988] |- ! colspan="2" | Natura chemica |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine.svg|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine 3D ball.png|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Formula chemica|Formula summarum]] || style="font-size: 85%" | {{chem|C|8|H|11|N|O|2}} |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Massa molaris]] || style="font-size: 85%" | 153.181 g/mol |- |} '''Dopamina'''<ref>Cfr. "'''Dopaminae'''-β hydroxylase (DBH) ...", apud {{cite journal | last1 = Vogt | first1 = Brent A. | last2 = Hof | first2 = Patrick R. | last3 = Friedman | first3 = David P. | last4 = Sikes | first4 = Robert W. | last5 = Vogt | first5 = Leslie J. | date = 4 [[Martius|Martiis]] 2008 | title = Norepinephrinergic Afferents and Cytology of the Macaque Monkey Midline, Mediodorsal, and Intralaminar Thalamic Nuclei | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2649766/ | journal = Brain Structure and Function | volume = 212 | issue = 6 | pages = 465–479 | doi = 10.1007/s00429-008-0178-0 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref><ref>Fortasse vide etiam "''dopaminae''" apud (p. 11) {{cite web | url = https://www.medicina.unina.it/zit/pagine/meding/DIDACTICS/4ANNO/PHARMACOLOGY%20%20II%20-%202022-23.pdf | title = Integrated Course of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology II | author = [[Universitas Neapolitana]] | year = 2022 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref> vel '''dopaminum''' est [[compositum chemicum|compositum organicum]] [[aminum]] et [[neurotransmissor]] in [[cerebrum|cerebro]], in quo systemata et [[systema remunerationis|remunerationis]] et [[systema extrapyramidale|extrapyramidale]] (motuum) moderatur. In nonnullis cerebri structuris dopamina abunde invenitur, ut in [[substantia nigra]] quae [[axon|axones]] ad [[Striatum|striatum]] proicit. Inopia dopaminae [[morbus Parkinson|morbo Parkinson]] tamquam signum morbi proprium attribuebatur. [[Receptorium neurotransmissoris|Receptoria neurotransmissoris]] quae ad dopaminam spectant, ''dopaminergica'' nominantur. == Natura chemica == [[Nomen proprium|Nomen]] [[IUPAC]] est 4-(2-amino-aethyl)-[[benzinum|benzino]]-1,2-diolum. Simul est [[catecholaminum]], quare dopaminae greges et [[catecholum]] et [[aminum]] insunt. <gallery> Fasciculus:Brenzcatechin.svg|[[Catecholum]] Fasciculus:Fenyloetyloamina.svg|Phenyl-aethyl-aminum </gallery> == Biochemia == Dopamina per [[enzymum]] [[dopaminum beta-hydroxylasis|dopamini beta-hydroxylasis]] in [[neurotransmissor]]em [[noradrenalina]]m transvertitur. == Physiologia == In [[organismus|organismo]], dopamina est et [[hormon]] et [[neurotransmissor]].<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Franco R., Reyes-Resina I., Navarro G. |title=Dopamine in Health and Disease: Much More Than a Neurotransmitter |journal=Biomedicines |year=[[2021]] |month=Ian |month=Ian |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=109 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33499192/}}.</ref> Synthesis imprimis ex [[aminoacidum|aminoacido]] [[phenylalanina]] fit, quae et ipsa per aminoacida [[tyrosina|tyrosinam]] et [[laevodopa]]m (L-DOPA, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanina) in dopaminam convertitur. Degradatio dopaminae per enzyma [[monoaminorum oxidasis B|MAO-B]] et [[catechol-O-methyltransferasis|COMT]] fit. === Dopamina neurotransmissor === In [[systema nervosum centrale|systemate nervoso centrali]] dopamina est [[neurotransmissor]], quae [[receptorium dopaminergicum|receptoria dopaminergica]], ut [[receptorium dopaminae D2|D<sub>2</sub>]] obsidet. Liberatur dopamina de neuronibus [[substantia nigra|substantiae nigrae]] et [[area tegmentalis ventralis|areae tegmentalis ventralis]]. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Marianne O Klein, Daniella S Battagello, Ariel R Cardoso, David N Hauser, Jackson C Bittencourt, Ricardo G Correa. "[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11469830/ Dopamine: Functions, Signaling, and Association with Neurological Diseases]", ''Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology'', 2018: 31–59. *Luisa Speranza, Maria Concetta Miniaci, Floriana Volpicelli. "[https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/2/492 The Role of Dopamine in Neurological, Psychiatric, and Metabolic Disorders and Cancer: A Complex Web of Interactions]", ''Biomedicines'', 2025: 492 {{NexInt}} * [[Lobus frontalis]] * [[Noradrenalinum]] * [[Systema excitans reticulare ascendens]] * [[Via dopaminergica]] == Nexus externi == * [https://books.google.de/books?id=UnigBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA711&dq=dopaminum&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiSqau0zvbjAhVtsYsKHfrZDOQQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=dopaminum&f=false Fons nominis Latini]. {{Ling|Theodisce}} * [[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dopamine dopaminam] spectant [[Categoria:Amphetaminum]] [[Categoria:Catecholamina]] [[Categoria:Dopaminum| ]] [[Categoria:Hormonta]]<!--i.e., hypothalami + "of the hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis"--> [[Categoria:Incitamenta]] [[Categoria:Libido]] [[Categoria:Neurotransmissores]] [[Categoria:Phenethylamina]] [[Categoria:Systema dopaminergicum (dopaminum)|!]]<!--etiam: Cardiac stimulants Dopamine agonists Inotropic agents Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents TAAR1 agonists Biology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Peripherally selective drugs Human female endocrine system--> 06d1x4msj7lviy5ujssiwnxgszqrvat 3974793 3974792 2026-07-26T15:53:40Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3974793 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable floatright" |+ '''Dopamina''' |- ! colspan="2" | Cognitores |- | style="font-size: 85%" | ''[[ChemSpider]]'' || style="font-size: 85%" | [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.661.html 661] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[PubChem]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/681 681] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[DrugBank]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00988 DB00988] |- ! colspan="2" | Natura chemica |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine.svg|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine 3D ball.png|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Formula chemica|Formula summarum]] || style="font-size: 85%" | {{chem|C|8|H|11|N|O|2}} |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Massa molaris]] || style="font-size: 85%" | 153.181 g/mol |- |} '''Dopamina'''<ref>Cfr. "'''Dopaminae'''-β hydroxylase (DBH) ...", apud {{cite journal | last1 = Vogt | first1 = Brent A. | last2 = Hof | first2 = Patrick R. | last3 = Friedman | first3 = David P. | last4 = Sikes | first4 = Robert W. | last5 = Vogt | first5 = Leslie J. | date = 4 [[Martius|Martiis]] 2008 | title = Norepinephrinergic Afferents and Cytology of the Macaque Monkey Midline, Mediodorsal, and Intralaminar Thalamic Nuclei | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2649766/ | journal = Brain Structure and Function | volume = 212 | issue = 6 | pages = 465–479 | doi = 10.1007/s00429-008-0178-0 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref><ref>Fortasse vide etiam "''dopaminae''" apud (p. 11) {{cite web | url = https://www.medicina.unina.it/zit/pagine/meding/DIDACTICS/4ANNO/PHARMACOLOGY%20%20II%20-%202022-23.pdf | title = Integrated Course of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology II | author = [[Universitas Neapolitana]] | year = 2022 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref> vel '''dopaminum''' est [[compositum chemicum|compositum organicum]] [[aminum]] et [[neurotransmissor]] in [[cerebrum|cerebro]], in quo systemata et [[systema remunerationis|remunerationis]] et [[systema extrapyramidale|extrapyramidale]] (motuum) moderatur. In nonnullis cerebri structuris dopamina abunde invenitur, ut in [[substantia nigra]] quae [[axon|axones]] ad [[Striatum|striatum]] proicit. Inopia dopaminae [[morbus Parkinson|morbo Parkinson]] tamquam signum morbi proprium attribuebatur. [[Receptorium neurotransmissoris|Receptoria neurotransmissoris]] quae ad dopaminam spectant, ''dopaminergica'' nominantur. == Natura chemica == [[Nomen proprium|Nomen]] [[IUPAC]] est 4-(2-amino-aethyl)-[[benzinum|benzino]]-1,2-diolum. Simul est [[catecholaminum]], quare dopaminae greges et [[catecholum]] et [[aminum]] insunt. <gallery> Fasciculus:Brenzcatechin.svg|[[Catecholum]] Fasciculus:Fenyloetyloamina.svg|Phenyl-aethyl-aminum </gallery> == Biochemia == Dopamina per [[enzymum]] [[dopaminum beta-hydroxylasis|dopamini beta-hydroxylasis]] in [[neurotransmissor]]em [[noradrenalina]]m transvertitur. == Physiologia == In [[organismus|organismo]], dopamina est et [[hormon]] et [[neurotransmissor]].<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Franco R., Reyes-Resina I., Navarro G. |title=Dopamine in Health and Disease: Much More Than a Neurotransmitter |journal=Biomedicines |year=[[2021]] |month=Ian |month=Ian |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=109 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33499192/}}.</ref> Synthesis imprimis ex [[aminoacidum|aminoacido]] [[phenylalanina]] fit, quae et ipsa per aminoacida [[tyrosina|tyrosinam]] et [[laevodopa]]m (L-DOPA, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanina) in dopaminam convertitur. Degradatio dopaminae per enzyma [[monoaminorum oxidasis B|MAO-B]] et [[catechol-O-methyltransferasis|COMT]] fit. === Dopamina neurotransmissor === In [[systema nervosum centrale|systemate nervoso centrali]] dopamina est [[neurotransmissor]], quae [[receptorium dopaminergicum|receptoria dopaminergica]], ut [[receptorium dopaminae D2|D<sub>2</sub>]] obsidet. Liberatur dopamina de neuronibus [[substantia nigra|substantiae nigrae]] et [[area tegmentalis ventralis|areae tegmentalis ventralis]]. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Marianne O Klein, Daniella S Battagello, Ariel R Cardoso, David N Hauser, Jackson C Bittencourt, Ricardo G Correa. "[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11469830/ Dopamine: Functions, Signaling, and Association with Neurological Diseases]", ''Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology'', 2018: 31–59. *Mingan Li, Lin Zhou, Xiaohui Sun, Yunqi Yang, Ce Zhang, Tian Wang, Fenghua Fu. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332221012440 Dopamine, a co-regulatory component, bridges the central nervous system and the immune system]", ''Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy'', 2022: 112458 *Luisa Speranza, Maria Concetta Miniaci, Floriana Volpicelli. "[https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/2/492 The Role of Dopamine in Neurological, Psychiatric, and Metabolic Disorders and Cancer: A Complex Web of Interactions]", ''Biomedicines'', 2025: 492 {{NexInt}} * [[Lobus frontalis]] * [[Noradrenalinum]] * [[Systema excitans reticulare ascendens]] * [[Via dopaminergica]] == Nexus externi == * [https://books.google.de/books?id=UnigBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA711&dq=dopaminum&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiSqau0zvbjAhVtsYsKHfrZDOQQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=dopaminum&f=false Fons nominis Latini]. {{Ling|Theodisce}} * [[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dopamine dopaminam] spectant [[Categoria:Amphetaminum]] [[Categoria:Catecholamina]] [[Categoria:Dopaminum| ]] [[Categoria:Hormonta]]<!--i.e., hypothalami + "of the hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis"--> [[Categoria:Incitamenta]] [[Categoria:Libido]] [[Categoria:Neurotransmissores]] [[Categoria:Phenethylamina]] [[Categoria:Systema dopaminergicum (dopaminum)|!]]<!--etiam: Cardiac stimulants Dopamine agonists Inotropic agents Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents TAAR1 agonists Biology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Peripherally selective drugs Human female endocrine system--> 0k43qgwdvsv6w2nckbs78xcevrd4d06 3974794 3974793 2026-07-26T15:56:42Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Biochemia */ 3974794 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable floatright" |+ '''Dopamina''' |- ! colspan="2" | Cognitores |- | style="font-size: 85%" | ''[[ChemSpider]]'' || style="font-size: 85%" | [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.661.html 661] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[PubChem]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/681 681] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[DrugBank]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00988 DB00988] |- ! colspan="2" | Natura chemica |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine.svg|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine 3D ball.png|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Formula chemica|Formula summarum]] || style="font-size: 85%" | {{chem|C|8|H|11|N|O|2}} |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Massa molaris]] || style="font-size: 85%" | 153.181 g/mol |- |} '''Dopamina'''<ref>Cfr. "'''Dopaminae'''-β hydroxylase (DBH) ...", apud {{cite journal | last1 = Vogt | first1 = Brent A. | last2 = Hof | first2 = Patrick R. | last3 = Friedman | first3 = David P. | last4 = Sikes | first4 = Robert W. | last5 = Vogt | first5 = Leslie J. | date = 4 [[Martius|Martiis]] 2008 | title = Norepinephrinergic Afferents and Cytology of the Macaque Monkey Midline, Mediodorsal, and Intralaminar Thalamic Nuclei | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2649766/ | journal = Brain Structure and Function | volume = 212 | issue = 6 | pages = 465–479 | doi = 10.1007/s00429-008-0178-0 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref><ref>Fortasse vide etiam "''dopaminae''" apud (p. 11) {{cite web | url = https://www.medicina.unina.it/zit/pagine/meding/DIDACTICS/4ANNO/PHARMACOLOGY%20%20II%20-%202022-23.pdf | title = Integrated Course of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology II | author = [[Universitas Neapolitana]] | year = 2022 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref> vel '''dopaminum''' est [[compositum chemicum|compositum organicum]] [[aminum]] et [[neurotransmissor]] in [[cerebrum|cerebro]], in quo systemata et [[systema remunerationis|remunerationis]] et [[systema extrapyramidale|extrapyramidale]] (motuum) moderatur. In nonnullis cerebri structuris dopamina abunde invenitur, ut in [[substantia nigra]] quae [[axon|axones]] ad [[Striatum|striatum]] proicit. Inopia dopaminae [[morbus Parkinson|morbo Parkinson]] tamquam signum morbi proprium attribuebatur. [[Receptorium neurotransmissoris|Receptoria neurotransmissoris]] quae ad dopaminam spectant, ''dopaminergica'' nominantur. == Natura chemica == [[Nomen proprium|Nomen]] [[IUPAC]] est 4-(2-amino-aethyl)-[[benzinum|benzino]]-1,2-diolum. Simul est [[catecholaminum]], quare dopaminae greges et [[catecholum]] et [[aminum]] insunt. <gallery> Fasciculus:Brenzcatechin.svg|[[Catecholum]] Fasciculus:Fenyloetyloamina.svg|Phenyl-aethyl-aminum </gallery> == Biochemia == [[Fasciculus:Mesocortical pathway.svg|thumb|Dopaminergica mesocorticalis via.]] Dopamina per [[enzymum]] [[dopaminum beta-hydroxylasis|dopamini beta-hydroxylasis]] in [[neurotransmissor]]em [[noradrenalina]]m transvertitur. == Physiologia == In [[organismus|organismo]], dopamina est et [[hormon]] et [[neurotransmissor]].<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Franco R., Reyes-Resina I., Navarro G. |title=Dopamine in Health and Disease: Much More Than a Neurotransmitter |journal=Biomedicines |year=[[2021]] |month=Ian |month=Ian |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=109 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33499192/}}.</ref> Synthesis imprimis ex [[aminoacidum|aminoacido]] [[phenylalanina]] fit, quae et ipsa per aminoacida [[tyrosina|tyrosinam]] et [[laevodopa]]m (L-DOPA, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanina) in dopaminam convertitur. Degradatio dopaminae per enzyma [[monoaminorum oxidasis B|MAO-B]] et [[catechol-O-methyltransferasis|COMT]] fit. === Dopamina neurotransmissor === In [[systema nervosum centrale|systemate nervoso centrali]] dopamina est [[neurotransmissor]], quae [[receptorium dopaminergicum|receptoria dopaminergica]], ut [[receptorium dopaminae D2|D<sub>2</sub>]] obsidet. Liberatur dopamina de neuronibus [[substantia nigra|substantiae nigrae]] et [[area tegmentalis ventralis|areae tegmentalis ventralis]]. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Marianne O Klein, Daniella S Battagello, Ariel R Cardoso, David N Hauser, Jackson C Bittencourt, Ricardo G Correa. "[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11469830/ Dopamine: Functions, Signaling, and Association with Neurological Diseases]", ''Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology'', 2018: 31–59. *Mingan Li, Lin Zhou, Xiaohui Sun, Yunqi Yang, Ce Zhang, Tian Wang, Fenghua Fu. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332221012440 Dopamine, a co-regulatory component, bridges the central nervous system and the immune system]", ''Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy'', 2022: 112458 *Luisa Speranza, Maria Concetta Miniaci, Floriana Volpicelli. "[https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/2/492 The Role of Dopamine in Neurological, Psychiatric, and Metabolic Disorders and Cancer: A Complex Web of Interactions]", ''Biomedicines'', 2025: 492 {{NexInt}} * [[Lobus frontalis]] * [[Noradrenalinum]] * [[Systema excitans reticulare ascendens]] * [[Via dopaminergica]] == Nexus externi == * [https://books.google.de/books?id=UnigBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA711&dq=dopaminum&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiSqau0zvbjAhVtsYsKHfrZDOQQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=dopaminum&f=false Fons nominis Latini]. {{Ling|Theodisce}} * [[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dopamine dopaminam] spectant [[Categoria:Amphetaminum]] [[Categoria:Catecholamina]] [[Categoria:Dopaminum| ]] [[Categoria:Hormonta]]<!--i.e., hypothalami + "of the hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis"--> [[Categoria:Incitamenta]] [[Categoria:Libido]] [[Categoria:Neurotransmissores]] [[Categoria:Phenethylamina]] [[Categoria:Systema dopaminergicum (dopaminum)|!]]<!--etiam: Cardiac stimulants Dopamine agonists Inotropic agents Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents TAAR1 agonists Biology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Peripherally selective drugs Human female endocrine system--> msirbzwmf6bymtuvgvb2vaswcs3sopc 3974801 3974794 2026-07-26T17:03:53Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Biochemia */ 3974801 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable floatright" |+ '''Dopamina''' |- ! colspan="2" | Cognitores |- | style="font-size: 85%" | ''[[ChemSpider]]'' || style="font-size: 85%" | [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.661.html 661] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[PubChem]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/681 681] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[DrugBank]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00988 DB00988] |- ! colspan="2" | Natura chemica |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine.svg|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine 3D ball.png|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Formula chemica|Formula summarum]] || style="font-size: 85%" | {{chem|C|8|H|11|N|O|2}} |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Massa molaris]] || style="font-size: 85%" | 153.181 g/mol |- |} '''Dopamina'''<ref>Cfr. "'''Dopaminae'''-β hydroxylase (DBH) ...", apud {{cite journal | last1 = Vogt | first1 = Brent A. | last2 = Hof | first2 = Patrick R. | last3 = Friedman | first3 = David P. | last4 = Sikes | first4 = Robert W. | last5 = Vogt | first5 = Leslie J. | date = 4 [[Martius|Martiis]] 2008 | title = Norepinephrinergic Afferents and Cytology of the Macaque Monkey Midline, Mediodorsal, and Intralaminar Thalamic Nuclei | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2649766/ | journal = Brain Structure and Function | volume = 212 | issue = 6 | pages = 465–479 | doi = 10.1007/s00429-008-0178-0 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref><ref>Fortasse vide etiam "''dopaminae''" apud (p. 11) {{cite web | url = https://www.medicina.unina.it/zit/pagine/meding/DIDACTICS/4ANNO/PHARMACOLOGY%20%20II%20-%202022-23.pdf | title = Integrated Course of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology II | author = [[Universitas Neapolitana]] | year = 2022 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref> vel '''dopaminum''' est [[compositum chemicum|compositum organicum]] [[aminum]] et [[neurotransmissor]] in [[cerebrum|cerebro]], in quo systemata et [[systema remunerationis|remunerationis]] et [[systema extrapyramidale|extrapyramidale]] (motuum) moderatur. In nonnullis cerebri structuris dopamina abunde invenitur, ut in [[substantia nigra]] quae [[axon|axones]] ad [[Striatum|striatum]] proicit. Inopia dopaminae [[morbus Parkinson|morbo Parkinson]] tamquam signum morbi proprium attribuebatur. [[Receptorium neurotransmissoris|Receptoria neurotransmissoris]] quae ad dopaminam spectant, ''dopaminergica'' nominantur. == Natura chemica == [[Nomen proprium|Nomen]] [[IUPAC]] est 4-(2-amino-aethyl)-[[benzinum|benzino]]-1,2-diolum. Simul est [[catecholaminum]], quare dopaminae greges et [[catecholum]] et [[aminum]] insunt. <gallery> Fasciculus:Brenzcatechin.svg|[[Catecholum]] Fasciculus:Fenyloetyloamina.svg|Phenyl-aethyl-aminum </gallery> == Biochemia == [[Fasciculus:Mesocortical pathway.svg|thumb|Dopaminergica mesocorticalis via.]] Postquam ex enzymatica actione ''DOPA decarboxylasis'' e DOPA creata est dopamina in vesiculas synapticas per transportatores VMAT ('''V'''esicularis '''M'''ono'''A'''mini '''T'''ransportator) cumulatur. Dopamina per [[enzymum]] [[dopaminum beta-hydroxylasis|dopamini beta-hydroxylasis]] in [[neurotransmissor]]em [[noradrenalina]]m transvertitur. == Physiologia == In [[organismus|organismo]], dopamina est et [[hormon]] et [[neurotransmissor]].<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Franco R., Reyes-Resina I., Navarro G. |title=Dopamine in Health and Disease: Much More Than a Neurotransmitter |journal=Biomedicines |year=[[2021]] |month=Ian |month=Ian |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=109 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33499192/}}.</ref> Synthesis imprimis ex [[aminoacidum|aminoacido]] [[phenylalanina]] fit, quae et ipsa per aminoacida [[tyrosina|tyrosinam]] et [[laevodopa]]m (L-DOPA, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanina) in dopaminam convertitur. Degradatio dopaminae per enzyma [[monoaminorum oxidasis B|MAO-B]] et [[catechol-O-methyltransferasis|COMT]] fit. === Dopamina neurotransmissor === In [[systema nervosum centrale|systemate nervoso centrali]] dopamina est [[neurotransmissor]], quae [[receptorium dopaminergicum|receptoria dopaminergica]], ut [[receptorium dopaminae D2|D<sub>2</sub>]] obsidet. Liberatur dopamina de neuronibus [[substantia nigra|substantiae nigrae]] et [[area tegmentalis ventralis|areae tegmentalis ventralis]]. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Marianne O Klein, Daniella S Battagello, Ariel R Cardoso, David N Hauser, Jackson C Bittencourt, Ricardo G Correa. "[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11469830/ Dopamine: Functions, Signaling, and Association with Neurological Diseases]", ''Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology'', 2018: 31–59. *Mingan Li, Lin Zhou, Xiaohui Sun, Yunqi Yang, Ce Zhang, Tian Wang, Fenghua Fu. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332221012440 Dopamine, a co-regulatory component, bridges the central nervous system and the immune system]", ''Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy'', 2022: 112458 *Luisa Speranza, Maria Concetta Miniaci, Floriana Volpicelli. "[https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/2/492 The Role of Dopamine in Neurological, Psychiatric, and Metabolic Disorders and Cancer: A Complex Web of Interactions]", ''Biomedicines'', 2025: 492 {{NexInt}} * [[Lobus frontalis]] * [[Noradrenalinum]] * [[Systema excitans reticulare ascendens]] * [[Via dopaminergica]] == Nexus externi == * [https://books.google.de/books?id=UnigBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA711&dq=dopaminum&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiSqau0zvbjAhVtsYsKHfrZDOQQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=dopaminum&f=false Fons nominis Latini]. {{Ling|Theodisce}} * [[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dopamine dopaminam] spectant [[Categoria:Amphetaminum]] [[Categoria:Catecholamina]] [[Categoria:Dopaminum| ]] [[Categoria:Hormonta]]<!--i.e., hypothalami + "of the hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis"--> [[Categoria:Incitamenta]] [[Categoria:Libido]] [[Categoria:Neurotransmissores]] [[Categoria:Phenethylamina]] [[Categoria:Systema dopaminergicum (dopaminum)|!]]<!--etiam: Cardiac stimulants Dopamine agonists Inotropic agents Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents TAAR1 agonists Biology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Peripherally selective drugs Human female endocrine system--> qnwu6bmx0yl6elfiwezc7zwn31bfz3l 3974803 3974801 2026-07-26T17:13:05Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Biochemia */ 3974803 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable floatright" |+ '''Dopamina''' |- ! colspan="2" | Cognitores |- | style="font-size: 85%" | ''[[ChemSpider]]'' || style="font-size: 85%" | [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.661.html 661] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[PubChem]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/681 681] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[DrugBank]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00988 DB00988] |- ! colspan="2" | Natura chemica |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine.svg|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine 3D ball.png|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Formula chemica|Formula summarum]] || style="font-size: 85%" | {{chem|C|8|H|11|N|O|2}} |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Massa molaris]] || style="font-size: 85%" | 153.181 g/mol |- |} '''Dopamina'''<ref>Cfr. "'''Dopaminae'''-β hydroxylase (DBH) ...", apud {{cite journal | last1 = Vogt | first1 = Brent A. | last2 = Hof | first2 = Patrick R. | last3 = Friedman | first3 = David P. | last4 = Sikes | first4 = Robert W. | last5 = Vogt | first5 = Leslie J. | date = 4 [[Martius|Martiis]] 2008 | title = Norepinephrinergic Afferents and Cytology of the Macaque Monkey Midline, Mediodorsal, and Intralaminar Thalamic Nuclei | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2649766/ | journal = Brain Structure and Function | volume = 212 | issue = 6 | pages = 465–479 | doi = 10.1007/s00429-008-0178-0 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref><ref>Fortasse vide etiam "''dopaminae''" apud (p. 11) {{cite web | url = https://www.medicina.unina.it/zit/pagine/meding/DIDACTICS/4ANNO/PHARMACOLOGY%20%20II%20-%202022-23.pdf | title = Integrated Course of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology II | author = [[Universitas Neapolitana]] | year = 2022 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref> vel '''dopaminum''' est [[compositum chemicum|compositum organicum]] [[aminum]] et [[neurotransmissor]] in [[cerebrum|cerebro]], in quo systemata et [[systema remunerationis|remunerationis]] et [[systema extrapyramidale|extrapyramidale]] (motuum) moderatur. In nonnullis cerebri structuris dopamina abunde invenitur, ut in [[substantia nigra]] quae [[axon|axones]] ad [[Striatum|striatum]] proicit. Inopia dopaminae [[morbus Parkinson|morbo Parkinson]] tamquam signum morbi proprium attribuebatur. [[Receptorium neurotransmissoris|Receptoria neurotransmissoris]] quae ad dopaminam spectant, ''dopaminergica'' nominantur. == Natura chemica == [[Nomen proprium|Nomen]] [[IUPAC]] est 4-(2-amino-aethyl)-[[benzinum|benzino]]-1,2-diolum. Simul est [[catecholaminum]], quare dopaminae greges et [[catecholum]] et [[aminum]] insunt. <gallery> Fasciculus:Brenzcatechin.svg|[[Catecholum]] Fasciculus:Fenyloetyloamina.svg|Phenyl-aethyl-aminum </gallery> == Biochemia == [[Fasciculus:Mesocortical pathway.svg|thumb|Dopaminergica mesocorticalis via.]] Postquam ex enzymatica actione ''DOPA decarboxylasis'' e DOPA creata est dopamina in [[Vesicula synaptica|vesiculas synapticas]] per [[Transportator neurotransmissoris|transportatores]] VMAT ('''V'''esicularis '''M'''ono'''A'''mini '''T'''ransportator) cumulatur. Postquam in [[Synapsis chemica|rimam synapticam]] emissa est celeriter per transportatores DAT e fluxu intrante [[ion|iontium]] [[Natrium|Na]]+ pendentes a [[Cellula glialis|cellulis glialibus]] et neuronibus proximis reciperatur ne effectus eius diuturnior fieret. Eos ipsos transportatores [[cocainum]] obstruere potest dum eis ligatur. Ita actionem psychotropicam suam exhibet dum degradationem dopaminae molecularum impedit.. Dopamina per [[enzymum]] [[dopaminum beta-hydroxylasis|dopamini beta-hydroxylasis]] in [[neurotransmissor]]em [[noradrenalina]]m quoque converti potest. == Physiologia == In [[organismus|organismo]], dopamina est et [[hormon]] et [[neurotransmissor]].<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Franco R., Reyes-Resina I., Navarro G. |title=Dopamine in Health and Disease: Much More Than a Neurotransmitter |journal=Biomedicines |year=[[2021]] |month=Ian |month=Ian |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=109 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33499192/}}.</ref> Synthesis imprimis ex [[aminoacidum|aminoacido]] [[phenylalanina]] fit, quae et ipsa per aminoacida [[tyrosina|tyrosinam]] et [[laevodopa]]m (L-DOPA, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanina) in dopaminam convertitur. Degradatio dopaminae per enzyma [[monoaminorum oxidasis B|MAO-B]] et [[catechol-O-methyltransferasis|COMT]] fit. === Dopamina neurotransmissor === In [[systema nervosum centrale|systemate nervoso centrali]] dopamina est [[neurotransmissor]], quae [[receptorium dopaminergicum|receptoria dopaminergica]], ut [[receptorium dopaminae D2|D<sub>2</sub>]] obsidet. Liberatur dopamina de neuronibus [[substantia nigra|substantiae nigrae]] et [[area tegmentalis ventralis|areae tegmentalis ventralis]]. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Marianne O Klein, Daniella S Battagello, Ariel R Cardoso, David N Hauser, Jackson C Bittencourt, Ricardo G Correa. "[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11469830/ Dopamine: Functions, Signaling, and Association with Neurological Diseases]", ''Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology'', 2018: 31–59. *Mingan Li, Lin Zhou, Xiaohui Sun, Yunqi Yang, Ce Zhang, Tian Wang, Fenghua Fu. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332221012440 Dopamine, a co-regulatory component, bridges the central nervous system and the immune system]", ''Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy'', 2022: 112458 *Luisa Speranza, Maria Concetta Miniaci, Floriana Volpicelli. "[https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/2/492 The Role of Dopamine in Neurological, Psychiatric, and Metabolic Disorders and Cancer: A Complex Web of Interactions]", ''Biomedicines'', 2025: 492 {{NexInt}} * [[Lobus frontalis]] * [[Noradrenalinum]] * [[Systema excitans reticulare ascendens]] * [[Via dopaminergica]] == Nexus externi == * [https://books.google.de/books?id=UnigBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA711&dq=dopaminum&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiSqau0zvbjAhVtsYsKHfrZDOQQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=dopaminum&f=false Fons nominis Latini]. {{Ling|Theodisce}} * [[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dopamine dopaminam] spectant [[Categoria:Amphetaminum]] [[Categoria:Catecholamina]] [[Categoria:Dopaminum| ]] [[Categoria:Hormonta]]<!--i.e., hypothalami + "of the hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis"--> [[Categoria:Incitamenta]] [[Categoria:Libido]] [[Categoria:Neurotransmissores]] [[Categoria:Phenethylamina]] [[Categoria:Systema dopaminergicum (dopaminum)|!]]<!--etiam: Cardiac stimulants Dopamine agonists Inotropic agents Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents TAAR1 agonists Biology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Peripherally selective drugs Human female endocrine system--> tst5bwt3ico8iswich1761bip13mlwq 3974804 3974803 2026-07-26T17:14:49Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Biochemia */ 3974804 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable floatright" |+ '''Dopamina''' |- ! colspan="2" | Cognitores |- | style="font-size: 85%" | ''[[ChemSpider]]'' || style="font-size: 85%" | [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.661.html 661] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[PubChem]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/681 681] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[DrugBank]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00988 DB00988] |- ! colspan="2" | Natura chemica |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine.svg|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Dopamine 3D ball.png|200px|Dopamina]] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Formula chemica|Formula summarum]] || style="font-size: 85%" | {{chem|C|8|H|11|N|O|2}} |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Massa molaris]] || style="font-size: 85%" | 153.181 g/mol |- |} '''Dopamina'''<ref>Cfr. "'''Dopaminae'''-β hydroxylase (DBH) ...", apud {{cite journal | last1 = Vogt | first1 = Brent A. | last2 = Hof | first2 = Patrick R. | last3 = Friedman | first3 = David P. | last4 = Sikes | first4 = Robert W. | last5 = Vogt | first5 = Leslie J. | date = 4 [[Martius|Martiis]] 2008 | title = Norepinephrinergic Afferents and Cytology of the Macaque Monkey Midline, Mediodorsal, and Intralaminar Thalamic Nuclei | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2649766/ | journal = Brain Structure and Function | volume = 212 | issue = 6 | pages = 465–479 | doi = 10.1007/s00429-008-0178-0 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref><ref>Fortasse vide etiam "''dopaminae''" apud (p. 11) {{cite web | url = https://www.medicina.unina.it/zit/pagine/meding/DIDACTICS/4ANNO/PHARMACOLOGY%20%20II%20-%202022-23.pdf | title = Integrated Course of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology II | author = [[Universitas Neapolitana]] | year = 2022 | access-date = 23 [[Aprilis]] 2023 }}</ref> vel '''dopaminum''' est [[compositum chemicum|compositum organicum]] [[aminum]] et [[neurotransmissor]] in [[cerebrum|cerebro]], in quo systemata et [[systema remunerationis|remunerationis]] et [[systema extrapyramidale|extrapyramidale]] (motuum) moderatur. In nonnullis cerebri structuris dopamina abunde invenitur, ut in [[substantia nigra]] quae [[axon|axones]] ad [[Striatum|striatum]] proicit. Inopia dopaminae [[morbus Parkinson|morbo Parkinson]] tamquam signum morbi proprium attribuebatur. [[Receptorium neurotransmissoris|Receptoria neurotransmissoris]] quae ad dopaminam spectant, ''dopaminergica'' nominantur. == Natura chemica == [[Nomen proprium|Nomen]] [[IUPAC]] est 4-(2-amino-aethyl)-[[benzinum|benzino]]-1,2-diolum. Simul est [[catecholaminum]], quare dopaminae greges et [[catecholum]] et [[aminum]] insunt. <gallery> Fasciculus:Brenzcatechin.svg|[[Catecholum]] Fasciculus:Fenyloetyloamina.svg|Phenyl-aethyl-aminum </gallery> == Biochemia == [[Fasciculus:Mesocortical pathway.svg|thumb|Dopaminergica mesocorticalis via.]] Postquam ex enzymatica actione ''DOPA decarboxylasis'' e DOPA creata est dopamina in [[Vesicula synaptica|vesiculas synapticas]] per [[Transportator neurotransmissoris|transportatores]] VMAT ('''V'''esicularis '''M'''ono'''A'''mini '''T'''ransportator) cumulatur. Postquam in [[Synapsis chemica|rimam synapticam]] emissa est celeriter per transportatores DAT e fluxu intrante [[ion|iontium]] [[Natrium|Na]]+ pendentes a [[Cellula glialis|cellulis glialibus]] et [[neuron|neuronibus]] proximis reciperatur ne effectus eius diuturnior fieret. Eos ipsos transportatores [[cocainum]] obstruere potest dum eis ligatur. Ita actionem [[Psychotropicum|psychotropicam]] suam exhibet dum degradationem dopaminae molecularum impedit. Dopamina per [[enzymum]] [[dopaminum beta-hydroxylasis|dopamini beta-hydroxylasis]] in [[neurotransmissor]]em [[noradrenalina]]m quoque converti potest. == Physiologia == In [[organismus|organismo]], dopamina est et [[hormon]] et [[neurotransmissor]].<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Franco R., Reyes-Resina I., Navarro G. |title=Dopamine in Health and Disease: Much More Than a Neurotransmitter |journal=Biomedicines |year=[[2021]] |month=Ian |month=Ian |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=109 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33499192/}}.</ref> Synthesis imprimis ex [[aminoacidum|aminoacido]] [[phenylalanina]] fit, quae et ipsa per aminoacida [[tyrosina|tyrosinam]] et [[laevodopa]]m (L-DOPA, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanina) in dopaminam convertitur. Degradatio dopaminae per enzyma [[monoaminorum oxidasis B|MAO-B]] et [[catechol-O-methyltransferasis|COMT]] fit. === Dopamina neurotransmissor === In [[systema nervosum centrale|systemate nervoso centrali]] dopamina est [[neurotransmissor]], quae [[receptorium dopaminergicum|receptoria dopaminergica]], ut [[receptorium dopaminae D2|D<sub>2</sub>]] obsidet. Liberatur dopamina de neuronibus [[substantia nigra|substantiae nigrae]] et [[area tegmentalis ventralis|areae tegmentalis ventralis]]. == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Marianne O Klein, Daniella S Battagello, Ariel R Cardoso, David N Hauser, Jackson C Bittencourt, Ricardo G Correa. "[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11469830/ Dopamine: Functions, Signaling, and Association with Neurological Diseases]", ''Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology'', 2018: 31–59. *Mingan Li, Lin Zhou, Xiaohui Sun, Yunqi Yang, Ce Zhang, Tian Wang, Fenghua Fu. "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332221012440 Dopamine, a co-regulatory component, bridges the central nervous system and the immune system]", ''Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy'', 2022: 112458 *Luisa Speranza, Maria Concetta Miniaci, Floriana Volpicelli. "[https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/2/492 The Role of Dopamine in Neurological, Psychiatric, and Metabolic Disorders and Cancer: A Complex Web of Interactions]", ''Biomedicines'', 2025: 492 {{NexInt}} * [[Lobus frontalis]] * [[Noradrenalinum]] * [[Systema excitans reticulare ascendens]] * [[Via dopaminergica]] == Nexus externi == * [https://books.google.de/books?id=UnigBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA711&dq=dopaminum&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiSqau0zvbjAhVtsYsKHfrZDOQQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=dopaminum&f=false Fons nominis Latini]. {{Ling|Theodisce}} * [[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dopamine dopaminam] spectant [[Categoria:Amphetaminum]] [[Categoria:Catecholamina]] [[Categoria:Dopaminum| ]] [[Categoria:Hormonta]]<!--i.e., hypothalami + "of the hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis"--> [[Categoria:Incitamenta]] [[Categoria:Libido]] [[Categoria:Neurotransmissores]] [[Categoria:Phenethylamina]] [[Categoria:Systema dopaminergicum (dopaminum)|!]]<!--etiam: Cardiac stimulants Dopamine agonists Inotropic agents Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents TAAR1 agonists Biology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Peripherally selective drugs Human female endocrine system--> np0bkhgegev0o660bz8u6ifpeuo5yzp Tetrabenazinum 0 283202 3974944 3477205 2026-07-27T11:18:58Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{cautio}} {| class="wikitable floatright" |+ Tetrabenazinum |- ! colspan="2" | Cognitores |- | style="font-size: 85%" | ''[[ChemSpider]]'' || style="font-size: 85%" | [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.5796.html 5796] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[PubChem]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6018 6018] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[DrugBank]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://web.archive.org/web/20190811152824/https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB04844 DB04844] |- ! colspan="2" | Natura chemica |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Tetrabenazine structure.svg|200px|Tetrabenazinum]] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Formula chemica|Formula summarum]] || style="font-size: 85%" | {{chem|C|19|H|27|N|O|3}} |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Massa molaris]] || style="font-size: 85%" | 317.427 g/mol |- ! colspan="2" | Natura pharmacologica |- | style="font-size: 85%" | Codex ATC || style="font-size: 85%" | {{ATC|N07XX|06}} |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Metabolismus]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [[iecur|iecore]] (hepaticus) |- | style="font-size: 85%" | Excretio || style="font-size: 85%" | [[ren]]ibus: 75%,<br />[[faeces|faecibus]]: 7-16% |- ! colspan="2" | Ad usum therapeuticum |- | style="font-size: 85%" | Applicatio || style="font-size: 85%" | per os |} '''Tetrabenazinum''' est [[medicamentum]] in [[malum motuum|malis motuum]] [[hyperkinesia (symptoma)|hyperkineticis]] tractandis, ut [[morbus Huntington|morbo Huntington]] et [[dystonia|dystoniis]] atque [[dyskinesia tardiva]]. == Natura Tetrabenazini == === Natura chemica === Tetrabenazinum est ([[IUPAC]]) (RR,SS)-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-9,10-dimethoxy-3-(2-methylpropyl)-2H-benzo-[a]-chinolinum. Massa molaris est 317.427 g/mol. <gallery> Fasciculus:Piperidin.svg|[[Piperidinum]] Fasciculus:Chinolin.svg|[[Quinolinum]] </gallery> === Natura pharmacologica === === Pharmacodynamica === Tetrabenazinum receptoria dopamini obsidet inhibetque. Praeterea [[neurotransmissor]]es monoaminergicos consumit. === Pharmacocinetica === Excretio est per imprimis urinas, minus per biles. == Effectus Tetrabenazini == === Effectus secundarii === Exempli (!) sunt<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Jankovic J., Beach J. |title=Long-term effects of tetrabenazine in hyperkinetic movement disorders |journal=Neurology |year=1997 |volume=48 |issue=2 |month=Feb |pages=385-62 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9040721}}</ref>: * Somnolentia (>30%) * Parkinsonismus (>25%) * [[depressio (psychiatria)|Depressio]] (15%) * [[Insomnia]] (>10%) {{NexInt}} * [[Pharmacologia]] == Notae == <references/> [[Categoria:Ketonum]] [[Categoria:Piperidina]] [[Categoria:Dyskinesia tardiva]] ndclb9n271mb3i3uzbgjims2iczb9tg Catecholamina 0 283547 3974795 3974604 2026-07-26T16:09:11Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3974795 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable floatright" |+ '''Catecholamina''' ! colspan="2" | Formula generalis |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Catecholamine.svg|200px|Catecholamina]] |} '''Catecholaminae''' (alias catecholaminum,-i,n) sunt [[compositum chemicum|composita organica]] ex [[catecholum|catecholo]] et [[catena lateralis|catena laterali]] [[Aminum|amini]] compactae. == De synthesi in neuronibus == In organismis catecholaminae de [[aminoacidum|aminoacido]] [[tyrosina|tyrosino]] per varia [[Enzymum|enzyma]] producuntur et imprimis ''tyrosini hydroxylasem'' quae tyrosinum in DOPA (dihydroxyphenylalaninum) convertit. ''DOPAdecarboxylasis'' DOPA in dopaminum convertit. ''Dopamini-β hydroxylasis'' dopaminum in noradrenalinum convertit. ''Phenylethanolamini N-methytransferasis'' noradrenalinum in adrenalinum convertit. Ita creati neurotransmissores [[dopamina]], [[noradrenalina]], [[adrenalina]] in [[systema nervosum centrale|systemate nervoso centrali]] agunt. Omnes catecholaminae effectus [[systema nervosum autonomicum|sympathomimeticos]] ostendunt. == Natura chemica == Omnes catecholaminae [[catecholum]] et [[catena lateralis]] amini (vel R–NH<sub>2</sub> vel RNH–R) continent. Omnia [[phenylaethylamina]] cum catecholo in positionibus ''3,4'' gregum -OH (hydroxy) et grege amini in positione ''ß'' sunt. == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:L-Tyrosin - L-Tyrosine.svg|Tyrosina Fasciculus:Dopamin - Dopamine.svg|[[Dopamina]] Fasciculus:Noradrenalin - Noradrenaline.svg|[[Noradrenalina]] Fasciculus:Adrenalin - Adrenaline.svg|[[Adrenalina]] Fasciculus:Isoprenaline.svg|[[Isoprenalinum]] </gallery> == Nexus externi == *[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Catecholamines catecholamina] spectant * [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507716/ De physiologia catecholaminarum]. {{Ling|Anglice}} {{chem-stipula}} [[Categoria:Catecholamina|!]] [[Categoria:Neurotransmissores]] p9ibin8lovl789z6wtz5sdoer7vwidu 3974796 3974795 2026-07-26T16:10:42Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Natura chemica */ 3974796 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="wikitable floatright" |+ '''Catecholamina''' ! colspan="2" | Formula generalis |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Catecholamine.svg|200px|Catecholamina]] |} '''Catecholaminae''' (alias catecholaminum,-i,n) sunt [[compositum chemicum|composita organica]] ex [[catecholum|catecholo]] et [[catena lateralis|catena laterali]] [[Aminum|amini]] compactae. == De synthesi in neuronibus == In organismis catecholaminae de [[aminoacidum|aminoacido]] [[tyrosina|tyrosino]] per varia [[Enzymum|enzyma]] producuntur et imprimis ''tyrosini hydroxylasem'' quae tyrosinum in DOPA (dihydroxyphenylalaninum) convertit. ''DOPAdecarboxylasis'' DOPA in dopaminum convertit. ''Dopamini-β hydroxylasis'' dopaminum in noradrenalinum convertit. ''Phenylethanolamini N-methytransferasis'' noradrenalinum in adrenalinum convertit. Ita creati neurotransmissores [[dopamina]], [[noradrenalina]], [[adrenalina]] in [[systema nervosum centrale|systemate nervoso centrali]] agunt. Omnes catecholaminae effectus [[systema nervosum autonomicum|sympathomimeticos]] ostendunt. == Natura chemica == Omnes catecholaminae [[catecholum]] et [[catena lateralis|catenam lateralem]] amini (vel R–NH<sub>2</sub> vel RNH–R) continent. Omnia [[phenylaethylamina]] cum catecholo in positionibus ''3,4'' gregum -OH (hydroxy) et grege amini in positione ''ß'' sunt. == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:L-Tyrosin - L-Tyrosine.svg|Tyrosina Fasciculus:Dopamin - Dopamine.svg|[[Dopamina]] Fasciculus:Noradrenalin - Noradrenaline.svg|[[Noradrenalina]] Fasciculus:Adrenalin - Adrenaline.svg|[[Adrenalina]] Fasciculus:Isoprenaline.svg|[[Isoprenalinum]] </gallery> == Nexus externi == *[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Catecholamines catecholamina] spectant * [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507716/ De physiologia catecholaminarum]. {{Ling|Anglice}} {{chem-stipula}} [[Categoria:Catecholamina|!]] [[Categoria:Neurotransmissores]] elo43yfzxh4eqgw8p3rhjml5ehvhmea Receptorium glycini 0 283782 3974781 3481323 2026-07-26T15:29:21Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Notae */ 3974781 wikitext text/x-wiki {{cautio}} [[Fasciculus:2bg9 opm.gif|thumb|Adumbratio receptorii nicotinici exempli receptorii glycini transmembranacei cum quinque subunitatibus.]] '''Receptorium glycini''' est simul [[canalis ionticus chloridi]] et receptorium nicotinicum ex familia [[ligando saeptus canalis ionticus|ligando saeptorum canalium ionticorum]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Lynch J. W. |title=Molecular structure and function of the glycine receptor chloride channel |journal=Physiological reviews |year=2004 |month=Oct |volume=84 |issue=4 |pages=1051-91 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15383648}}</ref>. Receptorii quinque subunitates notae sunt: alpha1 - alpha4 ac beta. [[Aminoacidum]] [[glycinum]] est [[neurotransmissor]] inhibens, in [[medulla spinalis|medulla spinali]], [[truncus encephali|trunci encephali]] inventum. In morbo [[hyperekplexia]]e mutationibus geneticis diversis receptoria glycini perturbantur. == Structura receptorii glycini == Receptorio quinque subunitates sunt: * alpha1 * alpha2 * alpha3 * alpha4 * beta - subunitas per proteini cytoplasmatici [[gephyrinum|gephyrini]] receptorium totum cum cytoplasmate iungit == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == *Juan Du, Wei Lü, Shenping Wu, Yifan Cheng & Eric Gouaux. "[https://www.nature.com/articles/nature14853 Glycine receptor mechanism elucidated by electron cryo-microscopy]", ''Nature'', 2015(526): 224–229 [[Categoria:Receptoria neurotransmissoria]] e795cfzifua0vhd2rcti4pjb73k90qj 3974782 3974781 2026-07-26T15:32:56Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3974782 wikitext text/x-wiki {{cautio}} [[Fasciculus:2bg9 opm.gif|thumb|Adumbratio receptorii nicotinici exempli receptorii glycini transmembranacei cum quinque subunitatibus.]] '''Receptorium glycini''' est simul [[canalis ionticus chloridi]] et receptorium nicotinicum ex familia [[ligando saeptus canalis ionticus|ligando saeptorum canalium ionticorum]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Lynch J. W. |title=Molecular structure and function of the glycine receptor chloride channel |journal=Physiological reviews |year=2004 |month=Oct |volume=84 |issue=4 |pages=1051-91 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15383648}}</ref>. Receptorii quinque subunitates notae sunt: alpha1 - alpha4 ac beta. [[Aminoacidum]] [[glycinum]] est [[neurotransmissor]] inhibens, in [[medulla spinalis|medulla spinali]], [[truncus encephali|trunci encephali]] inventum. In morbo [[hyperekplexia]]e mutationibus geneticis diversis receptoria glycini perturbantur. == Structura receptorii glycini == Receptorio quinque subunitates sunt: * alpha1 * alpha2 * alpha3 * alpha4 * beta - subunitas per proteini cytoplasmatici [[gephyrinum|gephyrini]] receptorium totum cum cytoplasmate iungit == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == * Juan Du, Wei Lü, Shenping Wu, Yifan Cheng & Eric Gouaux. "[https://www.nature.com/articles/nature14853 Glycine receptor mechanism elucidated by electron cryo-microscopy]", ''Nature'', 2015(526): 224–229 *Nicole Mizzi, Renald Blundell, "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009829972500024X Glycine receptors: Structure, function, and therapeutic implications]", ''Molecular Aspects of Medicine'', 2025: 101360 [[Categoria:Receptoria neurotransmissoria]] 5cfnp0c4blgg1sen4hi3qdyw4o1ltcr 3974783 3974782 2026-07-26T15:33:58Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3974783 wikitext text/x-wiki {{cautio}} [[Fasciculus:2bg9 opm.gif|thumb|Adumbratio receptorii nicotinici exempli receptorii glycini transmembranacei cum quinque subunitatibus.]] '''Receptorium glycini''' est simul [[canalis ionticus chlori]] et receptorium nicotinicum ex familia [[ligando saeptus canalis ionticus|ligando saeptorum canalium ionticorum]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Lynch J. W. |title=Molecular structure and function of the glycine receptor chloride channel |journal=Physiological reviews |year=2004 |month=Oct |volume=84 |issue=4 |pages=1051-91 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15383648}}</ref>. Receptorii quinque subunitates notae sunt: alpha1 - alpha4 ac beta. [[Aminoacidum]] [[glycinum]] est [[neurotransmissor]] inhibens, in [[medulla spinalis|medulla spinali]], [[truncus encephali|trunci encephali]] inventum. In morbo [[hyperekplexia]]e mutationibus geneticis diversis receptoria glycini perturbantur. == Structura receptorii glycini == Receptorio quinque subunitates sunt: * alpha1 * alpha2 * alpha3 * alpha4 * beta - subunitas per proteini cytoplasmatici [[gephyrinum|gephyrini]] receptorium totum cum cytoplasmate iungit == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == * Juan Du, Wei Lü, Shenping Wu, Yifan Cheng & Eric Gouaux. "[https://www.nature.com/articles/nature14853 Glycine receptor mechanism elucidated by electron cryo-microscopy]", ''Nature'', 2015(526): 224–229 *Nicole Mizzi, Renald Blundell, "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009829972500024X Glycine receptors: Structure, function, and therapeutic implications]", ''Molecular Aspects of Medicine'', 2025: 101360 [[Categoria:Receptoria neurotransmissoria]] 45nyd318khzyytuz7k5wxw0i8dssty8 3974784 3974783 2026-07-26T15:34:58Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3974784 wikitext text/x-wiki {{cautio}} [[Fasciculus:2bg9 opm.gif|thumb|Adumbratio receptorii nicotinici exempli receptorii glycini transmembranacei cum quinque subunitatibus.]] '''Receptorium glycini''' est simul [[canalis ionticus chlori]] et receptorium nicotinicum ex familia [[ligando saeptus canalis ionticus|ligando saeptorum canalium ionticorum]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Lynch J. W. |title=Molecular structure and function of the glycine receptor chloride channel |journal=Physiological reviews |year=2004 |month=Oct |volume=84 |issue=4 |pages=1051-91 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15383648}}</ref>. Receptorii quinque subunitates notae sunt: alpha1 - alpha4 ac beta. [[Aminoacidum]] [[glycinum]] est [[neurotransmissor]] inhibens, in [[medulla spinalis|medulla spinali]], [[truncus encephali|trunco encephali]] inventum. In morbo [[hyperekplexia]]e mutationibus geneticis diversis receptoria glycini perturbantur. == Structura receptorii glycini == Receptorio quinque subunitates sunt: * alpha1 * alpha2 * alpha3 * alpha4 * beta - subunitas per proteini cytoplasmatici [[gephyrinum|gephyrini]] receptorium totum cum cytoplasmate iungit == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == * Juan Du, Wei Lü, Shenping Wu, Yifan Cheng & Eric Gouaux. "[https://www.nature.com/articles/nature14853 Glycine receptor mechanism elucidated by electron cryo-microscopy]", ''Nature'', 2015(526): 224–229 *Nicole Mizzi, Renald Blundell, "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009829972500024X Glycine receptors: Structure, function, and therapeutic implications]", ''Molecular Aspects of Medicine'', 2025: 101360 [[Categoria:Receptoria neurotransmissoria]] sht1m1nz7lgzz1krqov63xzhzn693cm 3974785 3974784 2026-07-26T15:35:29Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3974785 wikitext text/x-wiki {{cautio}} [[Fasciculus:2bg9 opm.gif|thumb|Adumbratio receptorii nicotinici exempli receptorii glycini transmembranacei cum quinque subunitatibus.]] '''Receptorium glycini''' est simul [[canalis ionticus chlori]] et receptorium nicotinicum ex familia [[ligando saeptus canalis ionticus|ligando saeptorum canalium ionticorum]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Lynch J. W. |title=Molecular structure and function of the glycine receptor chloride channel |journal=Physiological reviews |year=2004 |month=Oct |volume=84 |issue=4 |pages=1051-91 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15383648}}</ref>. Receptorii quinque subunitates notae sunt: alpha1 - alpha4 ac beta. [[Aminoacidum]] [[glycinum]] est [[neurotransmissor]] inhibens, in [[medulla spinalis|medulla spinali]], [[truncus encephali|trunco encephali]] inventum. In morbo [[hyperekplexia]] mutationibus geneticis diversis receptoria glycini perturbantur. == Structura receptorii glycini == Receptorio quinque subunitates sunt: * alpha1 * alpha2 * alpha3 * alpha4 * beta - subunitas per proteini cytoplasmatici [[gephyrinum|gephyrini]] receptorium totum cum cytoplasmate iungit == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == * Juan Du, Wei Lü, Shenping Wu, Yifan Cheng & Eric Gouaux. "[https://www.nature.com/articles/nature14853 Glycine receptor mechanism elucidated by electron cryo-microscopy]", ''Nature'', 2015(526): 224–229 *Nicole Mizzi, Renald Blundell, "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009829972500024X Glycine receptors: Structure, function, and therapeutic implications]", ''Molecular Aspects of Medicine'', 2025: 101360 [[Categoria:Receptoria neurotransmissoria]] q8sats7jugni1ted3mtmyx74whn47ac 3974786 3974785 2026-07-26T15:37:36Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3974786 wikitext text/x-wiki {{cautio}} [[Fasciculus:2bg9 opm.gif|thumb|Adumbratio receptorii nicotinici exempli receptorii glycini transmembranacei cum quinque subunitatibus.]] '''Receptorium glycini''' est simul [[canalis ionticus chlori]] et receptorium nicotinicum ex familia [[ligando saeptus canalis ionticus|ligando saeptorum canalium ionticorum]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Lynch J. W. |title=Molecular structure and function of the glycine receptor chloride channel |journal=Physiological reviews |year=2004 |month=Oct |volume=84 |issue=4 |pages=1051-91 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15383648}}</ref>. Receptorii quinque subunitates notae sunt: alpha1 - alpha4 ac beta. [[Aminoacidum]] [[glycinum]] est [[neurotransmissor]] inhibens, in [[medulla spinalis|medulla spinali]], [[truncus encephali|trunco encephali]] inventum. In morbo [[hyperekplexia]] mutationibus geneticis diversis receptoria glycini perturbantur. == Structura receptorii glycini == Receptorio quinque subunitates sunt: * alpha1 * alpha2 * alpha3 * alpha4 * beta - subunitas per proteini cytoplasmatici [[gephyrinum|gephyrini]] receptorium totum cum cytoplasmate iungit == Notae == <references /> == Plura legere si cupis == * Juan Du, Wei Lü, Shenping Wu, Yifan Cheng & Eric Gouaux. "[https://www.nature.com/articles/nature14853 Glycine receptor mechanism elucidated by electron cryo-microscopy]", ''Nature'', 2015(526): 224–229 *Nicole Mizzi, Renald Blundell, "[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009829972500024X Glycine receptors: Structure, function, and therapeutic implications]", ''Molecular Aspects of Medicine'', 2025: 101360 == Nexus externi == *[[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Glycine_receptors glycini receptorium] spectant [[Categoria:Receptoria neurotransmissoria]] 1mkxy0fnb619we56crxn4viinrw7wu6 Tessera identitatis 0 284245 3974943 3612201 2026-07-27T11:12:37Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974943 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} [[Fasciculus:National ID card policy.svg|thumb|Tesserae identitatis obligatoriae (ruber) ac facultativae (caeruleus).]] '''Tessera identitatis'''<ref>Latinlexicon.org: [https://web.archive.org/web/20210923180851/https://latinlexicon.org/definition.php?p1=4002173&p2=t tessera identitatis].</ref><ref>[[Ephemeris (diarium interretiale)|Ephemeris]] de die 18 Iunii 2015: [http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/nuntius.php?id=1007 Migrantes a Francogallia repulsi sunt].</ref> est diploma a [[civitas|civitate]] emissum quod [[identitas|identitatem]] civis testatur. Tesserae identitatis plerumque saltem [[nomen proprium|nomen]], diem [[natalis|natalem]], ac [[photographema]] [[civis]] continent. Nonnullae civitates non solum civibus, sed etiam [[peregrinus|peregrinis]] incolentibus tesseras identitatis dant. ==Pinacotheca: tesserae identitatis nonnullarum civitatum== <gallery> Fasciculus:ZA Smart ID Front.png|Austroafricana Fasciculus:Bulgarian identity card.png|Bulgarica Fasciculus:El ejemplo de Cedula identidad Chile 2013.jpg|Chilensis Fasciculus:Deutscher Personalausweis (2010 Version).jpg|Germanica Fasciculus:Biometric Israeli Identity card.png|Israëlitica Fasciculus:Italian electronic ID card.png|Italica Fasciculus:Saudi-ID-Card.jpg|Saudita Fasciculus:ROC mibunsho.jpg|Taivanica </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Syngraphus]] * [[Systema consignationum status civilis]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Identity cards|tesseras identitatis}} {{stipula}} {{Myrias|Societas}} [[Categoria:Documenta]] juxir1ii7npinmvvcvrzv3e9xssh1nz Systematica 0 291095 3974913 3754816 2026-07-27T05:43:35Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974913 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Phylogenetics.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|Notiones phylogeneticae et pheneticae comparatae.]] '''Systematica''' in [[biologia]] est studium diversificationis formarum quae in [[vita]] sunt, [[aevum|aevis]] [[praeteritum|praeteritis]] et [[praesens|praesente]], et coniunctionum inter [[res]] viventis per [[tempus]] visas. Coniunctiones plerumque videntur stemmata [[evolutio]]naria, cuius [[synonymum|synonyma]] sunt ''[[cladogramma]]ta, [[arbor phylogenetica|arbores phylogeneticae]], [[phylogenia]]e.'' Omnibus phylogeniis sunt duae partes: ordo ramorum (coniunctiones inter greges monstrans) et [[longitudo]] ramorum (summam [[evolutio]]nis monstrans). Per [[phylogenetica]]s [[species|specierum]] [[taxon|taxorumque]] superiorum arbores investigatur evolutio proprietatum corporearum (exempli gratia, proprietates [[anatomia|anatomicae]] et [[molecula]]res) et [[distributio geographica|distributio]] [[organismus|organismorum]] ([[biogeographia]]). Systematica ergo ad evolutionariam vitae in [[tellus|tellure]] historiam intellegendam adhibetur. [[Vocabulum]] ''systematica'' derivatur ex ''systemate,'' quod 'ordinatam organismorum dispositionem' [[significatio (linguistica)|significat]]. Quod vocabulum apparet in titulo ''[[Systema Naturae|Systemate Naturae]],'' [[liber|libro]] [[Carolus Linnaeus|Caroli Linnaei]]. == Rami et adhibitiones == [[Fasciculus:SysSauropisda.jpg|thumb|Systematica phylogenetica [[Sauropsida|Sauropsidorum]], exemplum arboris systematice delineatae.]] Investigatores [[scientia (ratio)|scientifici]], qui systematicae biologicae studeant, varios adhibent ramos ad coniunctiones inter organismos intellegendas. Qui rami ad adhibitiones ususque systematicae hodiernae inveniendos adhibentur. Systematica biologica species describit per tris ramos certos. ''Systematica numerica'' (vel ''biometria'') [[statistica]]s biologias adhibet ad [[animalia]] agnoscenda et describenda. ''Systematica biochemica'' animalia agnoscit et describit secundum enodationem materiei quae vivam [[cellula]]e partem constituit, sicut [[nucleus]], [[organella]]e, et [[cytoplasma]]. ''Systematica experimentalis'' animalia agnoscit et describit secundum unitates evolutionarias quae speciem constituunt, etiam adeo eorum momentum in evolutione ipsa. Res sicut [[mutatio]]nes, deflectio [[genetica]], et [[hybrida|hybridizatio]] unitates una evolutionariae considerantur.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.biologydiscussion.com/animals-2/systematics-meaning-branches-and-its-application/32374|title=Systematics: Meaning, Branches and Its Application|date=27 Maii 2016|work=Biology Discussion|access-date=12 Aprilis 2017|language=Anglice}}.</ref> {{NexInt}} * [[Binomen]] * [[Cladistica]] * [[Classificatio scientifica]] et [[taxinomia]], exitus investigationis in systematica * [[Phenetica]], [[methodologia]] in systematica quae phylogeniam non assumit * [[Philosophia scientiae]] * [[Phylogenia]], coniunctio [[historia|historica]] stirpium [[organismus|organismorum]] * [[Systematica evolutionaria]], schola systematicae * [[Taxinomia]] * [[Taxinomia cladistica]], [[methodologia]] in systematica == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == * André, Jacques. [[1956]]. ''Lexique des termes de botanique en latin.'' Lutetiae. Études et commentaires, 23. * Brower, Andrew V. Z., et Randall T. Schuh. [[2021]]. ''Biological systematics: principles and applications.'' Ed. tertia. Ithacae Novi Eboraci: Comstock Publishing Associates, impressio Cornell University Press. ISBN 9781501752797 (pdf), ISBN 9781501752780 (epub). * Lecointre, Guillaume, et Hervé Le Guyader. [[2006]]. ''Biosystematik.'' Berolini: Springer. ISBN 3-540-24037-3. * Rian, Alexander. [[2006]], [[2007]]. ''Lateinische Namen: Unverstanden – Unverzichtbar: Sinn und Zweck der wissenschaftlichen Namensgebung.'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20141204235258/http://www.reptilica.de/Lateinische-Namen-Unverstanden-Unverzichtbar.phtm wayback=20090416121116 Archivum interretiale.] * Simpson, Michael G. [[2005]]. ''Plant Systematics.'' ISBN 978-0-12-644460-5. * Stuessy, Tod F. [[1990]]. ''Plant taxonomy: The systematic evaluation of comparative data.'' Novi Eboraci: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-06784-4. * Wiesemüller, Bernhard, Hartmut Rothe, et Winfried Henke. [[2003]]. ''Phylogenetische Systematik: Eine Einführung.'' Berolini: Springer. ISBN 3-540-43643-X. * Wiley, Edward O., et Bruce S. Lieberman. [[2011]]. "Phylogenetics: Theory and Practice of Phylogenetic Systematics.'' Ed. secunda. ISBN 978-0-470-90596-8. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Biological classification}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20240918063217/https://sasb.org.au/ Societas Biologorum Systematicorum Australianorum.] *[http://www.systbio.org/ Societas Biologorum Systematicorum.] *[http://www.cladistics.org/ Societas Willi Hennig.] {{Myrias|Biologia}} [[Categoria:Biologia evolutionaria]] [[Categoria:Classificatio biologica]] [[Categoria:Evolutio]] [[Categoria:Taxinomia]] 45is9dgxtsekdyox4411ubveyly4r1o Tazobactamum 0 295264 3974920 3888503 2026-07-27T09:09:51Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974920 wikitext text/x-wiki {{cautio}} {| class="wikitable floatright" |+ Tazobactamum |- ! colspan="2" | Cognitores |- | style="font-size: 85%" | ''[[ChemSpider]]'' || style="font-size: 85%" | [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.110216.html 110216] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[PubChem]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/123630 123630] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[DrugBank]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [https://web.archive.org/web/20191015012106/https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01606 DB01606] |- ! colspan="2" | Natura chemica |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Tazobactam structure.svg|200px|Tazobactamum]] |- | style="text-align: center" colspan="2" | [[Fasciculus:Tazobactam ball-and-stick.png|200px|Tazobactamum]] |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Formula chemica|Formula summarum]] || style="font-size: 85%" | {{chem|C|10|H|12|N|4|O|5|S}} |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Massa molaris]] || style="font-size: 85%" | 300.29 g/mol |- ! colspan="2" | Natura pharmacologica |- | style="font-size: 85%" | Codex ATC || style="font-size: 85%" | {{ATC|J01CG|02}} |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Tempus semivitae biologicum]] || style="font-size: 85%" | 0.7—1.2 h |- | style="font-size: 85%" | [[Metabolismus]] || style="font-size: 85%" | [[iecur|iecore]] (hepaticus), minus |- | style="font-size: 85%" | Metabolitus || style="font-size: 85%" | M1 (inactivus) |- | style="font-size: 85%" | Excretio || style="font-size: 85%" | [[ren]]ibus (80%)<br />substantia non mutata |- ! colspan="2" | Ad usum therapeuticum |- | style="font-size: 85%" | Applicatio || style="font-size: 85%" | intra venam |} '''Tazobactamum''' est [[antibioticum beta-lactamo]], ergo [[medicamentum pharmaceuticum]] quoque, in [[infectio]]nibus tractandibus [[bacterium|bacteriis]] secundum classificationem Gramiensem positivis atque negativis causa. Tazobactaumum ipsum paucos effectus antimicrobiales exercet, at in combinatione contra contagiones graviores utilissimus est, ut cum [[piperacillinum|piperacillino]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Gin A., Dilay L., et al. |title=iperacillin-tazobactam: a beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination |journal=Expert review of anti-infective therapy |year=2007 |month=Iun |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=365-83 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17547502/}}</ref> vel [[ceftolozanum|ceftolozano]]<ref>{{cite journal |authors=Maraolo A. E., Mazzitelli M., et al. |title=Ceftolozane/tazobactam for difficult-to-treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: A systematic review of its efficacy and safety for off-label indications |journal=International journal of antimicrobial agents |year=2020 |month=Mar |volume=55 |issue=3 |pages=105891 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31923569/}}</ref>. Exempla morborum, qui ad Tazobactamum respondant, sunt [[pneumonia]] vel cystitis. Adhibetur die ter, per venam solum. == Natura Tazobactami == === Contextus === [[Antibioticum beta-lactamo|Antibiotica beta-lactamo]] anulum beta-lactamum continent. Destructio anuli huius ope enzymi [[beta-lactamasis]] effectus antibiotic terminat. Nimirum inhibitores beta-lactamasis destructionem inhibent. Tazobactamum est talis [[inhibitor beta-lactamasis]], et pariter unum ex [[antibioticum beta-lactamo|antibioticis beta-lactamo]]. === Natura chemica === Nomen [[Unio internationalis chemiae purae applicatae|IUPAC]] suum est acidum (2S,3S,5R)-3-methylo-4,4,7-trioxo-3-(triazolo-1-ylmethylo)-4λ6-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptanum-2-carboxylicum. Formula chemica summa Tazobactami est {{chem|C|10|H|12|N|4|O|5|S}}, [[massa molaris]] sua 300.29 g/mol. === Natura pharmacologica === Tazobactum est tale medicamentum cum virtutibus destructionem antibiotici inhibiendi, simul antimicrobialibus tamen paucis, at in combinatione tandem, ut cum piperacillino, virtutes suas offert. Substantia in [[Systema classificationis Anatomicum Therapeuticum Chemicumque|codice ATC]] reperitur: {{ATC|J01CG|02}} === Effectus non grati === Cum Ciprofloxacini consumptione [[Effectus adversus|effectus secundarios]] et interactiones observati sunt. Effectus adversarii, qui observari possunt: * Somnolentia * Depressio mentis * Diminutio actionum organorum sensoriorum * Depressio respiratoria, dyspnoea * Dermatitis * Mala gastrointestinalia {{NexInt}} * [[Bacterium]] == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Piperacillin.svg|[[Piperacillinum]] Fasciculus:Ceftolozane Structual Formular V2.svg|[[Ceftolozanum]] </gallery> == Notae == <references /> [[Categoria:Antibiotica beta-lactamo]] nfwrqdlrhx0i01xg8eje7rk6mr50f48 Heijō-kyō 0 300698 3974814 3875652 2026-07-26T18:57:00Z LilyKitty 18316 de Fujiwara-kyo, situ capiali antiquo 3974814 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-5}} [[Fasciculus:Daigokuden 16-9.jpg|thumb|[[Aedificium]] principale "Daigokuden."]] [[Fasciculus:Heijokyo_Suzakumon_05.JPG|thumb|Porta "Suzakumon."]] [[Fasciculus:Heijokyo.jpg|thumb|[[Tabula geographica]] Heijō-kyō.]] '''Heijō-kyō''' ([[Iaponice]] 平城京) est situs historicus et [[ruina]] antiqua Iaponiae in [[Nara]], quae ab [[Gemmei (imperatrix)|Imperatrice Gemmei]] anno [[710]] condita<ref>Urbs hae capitalis ex [[Fujiwara-kyō]] mutata fuit.</ref> et [[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Iaponia]]e mansit ab anno [[710]] usque ad annum [[794]], cum sedes imperii ad Heian-kyō (Iaponice: 平安京)<ref>Hodie [[Palatium Imperatorium Kyoto|Palatium Imperatorium Kyotoense]].</ref> translata est. Anno [[1998]] in tabulas [[UNESCO Mundi Hereditas|UNESCO Mundi Hereditatis]] relatus est, et anno [[2010]] aedificium principale "Daigokuden" restitutum est. == Notae == <references/> == Nexus externi == * [https://www.nabunken.go.jp/heijo/museum/index.html Situs publicus musei ruinarum Heijō-kyō] ([[Iaponice]]) [[Categoria:Aedificia Iaponiae]] [[Categoria:Loci hereditatis mundialis in Iaponia]] 877epsqmlivms2clwjhvcmpqxs9hich Suffragium decretorium 0 303659 3974867 3811662 2026-07-27T02:45:28Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3974867 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:TRS ballot papers.svg|thumb|325px|Suffragii decretorii exemplum: quod vices duae suffragiorum ferendorum involvit, et solum candidatūs duo secundae vici supersunt.]] '''Suffragium decretorium'''<ref>Vide [https://web.archive.org/web/20230922181141/https://latinlexicon.org/definition.php?p1=4002105&p2=s "suffragium decretorium" apud ''latinlexicon.org''].</ref> [[suffragatio]] secundis e comitiis habitis consistit ad determinandum victorem cum nullus candidatus requisitum victoriae limen attigerat. Suffragium decretorium et [[praeelectio]]nibus<ref name=LLH>[http://www.lateinlexikon.com/lexicon_latinum_hodiernum.pdf Lexicon Latinum hodiernum scilicet Theodisco-Latinum]</ref> et [[comitia|comitiis]] generalibus haberi potest.<ref>Vide [https://ballotpedia.org/Runoff_election "runoff election"] apud ''ballotpedia.org''.</ref> == Notae == <references /> {{polit-stipula}} {{Myrias|Societas}} [[Categoria:Civilitas]] [[Categoria:Democratia]] [[Categoria:Ius]] [[Categoria:Comitia]] pkxq8h3zqqidniswh0ygjxtvlq1r9sy Formula:Orbis pictorius/doc 10 307616 3974722 3966772 2026-07-26T12:08:34Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Module:MultiReplace|#invoke:multiReplace]]|[[Module:MultiReplace#main|main]]}} → {{[[Module:Translitteratio|#invoke:translitteratio]]|[[Module:Translitteratio#multiplex|multiplex]]}} 3974722 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula tabularia|censens=nomina Latina [[color]]um|prodens=singillatim}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} Utere hac formula ut nomen Latinum cuiusvis coloris ad tesseram hexadecimalem vertas. == De usu == * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Orbis pictorius|ochroleucus}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Orbis pictorius|ochroleucus}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><span style="background-color: #{{Orbis pictorius|flavus}};">Lorem ipsum</span> dolor sit amet</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <span style="background-color: #{{Orbis pictorius|flavus}};">Lorem ipsum</span> dolor sit amet * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Orbis pictorius}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Orbis pictorius}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Orbis pictorius|hvbwefijgkd}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Orbis pictorius|hvbwefijgkd}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Orbis pictorius|hvbwefijgkd|absente=abcdef}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Orbis pictorius|hvbwefijgkd|absente=abcdef}} == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Utere hac formula ut nomen Latinum cuiusvis coloris ad tesseram hexadecimalem vertas.", "format": "inline", "params": { "1": { "label": "Nomen coloris", "description": "Nomen Latinum coloris", "example": "ochroleucus", "type": "string", "required": false }, "absente": { "label": "Absente", "description": "Responsum si color abest", "example": "abcdef", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == Colores qui fieri possunt == <table class="wikitable sortable"><tr><th>{{para|1}}</th><th>Responsum</th><th style="min-width: 20rem;">Effectus</th></tr>{{#invoke:translitteratio|multiplex | 1 = <tr><td><code>{PQA}{PQA}{{#invoke:translitteratio|multiplex | 1 = {{#invoke:translitteratio|multiplex | 1 = {{Orbis pictorius|#formula=[]}} | 2 = [{%[%]}] | 3 = | 4 = {{!}}%s*#default%s*=%s*([^%s{{!}}]+)%s* | 5 = niger{PQC}{PQC}</code>, ''argumento omisso''</td><td>%1</td><td style["background-color: #%1"> }} | 2 = =%s*([^%s{{!}}]+)%s*{{!}}? | 3 = {PQC}{PQC}</code></td><td>%1</td><td style="background-color: #%1"></td></tr><tr><td><code>{PQA}{PQA} | 4 = ^%s*{{!}} | 5 = | 6 = {{!}} | 7 = {PQC}{PQC}</code>, <code>{PQA}{PQA} | 8 = %[ | 9 = = }}</td></tr> | 2 = {PQA} | 3 = [ | 4 = {PQC} | 5 = ] }}</table> == Ulteriora si cupis == * [[:Categoria:Colores]] * {{Fn|Exemplar coloris}} * {{Fn|Colores}} * {{Fn|Colores2}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Colores|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> cltij4qc55gcas8gr7a0epn80blub93 3974723 3974722 2026-07-26T12:08:57Z Grufo 64423 De mechanemate 3974723 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula tabularia|censens=nomina Latina [[color]]um|prodens=singillatim}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} Utere hac formula ut nomen Latinum cuiusvis coloris ad tesseram hexadecimalem vertas. == De usu == * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Orbis pictorius|ochroleucus}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Orbis pictorius|ochroleucus}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><span style="background-color: #{{Orbis pictorius|flavus}};">Lorem ipsum</span> dolor sit amet</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <span style="background-color: #{{Orbis pictorius|flavus}};">Lorem ipsum</span> dolor sit amet * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Orbis pictorius}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Orbis pictorius}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Orbis pictorius|hvbwefijgkd}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Orbis pictorius|hvbwefijgkd}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Orbis pictorius|hvbwefijgkd|absente=abcdef}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{Orbis pictorius|hvbwefijgkd|absente=abcdef}} == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Utere hac formula ut nomen Latinum cuiusvis coloris ad tesseram hexadecimalem vertas.", "format": "inline", "params": { "1": { "label": "Nomen coloris", "description": "Nomen Latinum coloris", "example": "ochroleucus", "type": "string", "required": false }, "absente": { "label": "Absente", "description": "Responsum si color abest", "example": "abcdef", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == Colores qui fieri possunt == <table class="wikitable sortable"><tr><th>{{para|1}}</th><th>Responsum</th><th style="min-width: 20rem;">Effectus</th></tr>{{#invoke:translitteratio|multiplex | 1 = <tr><td><code>{PQA}{PQA}{{#invoke:translitteratio|multiplex | 1 = {{Orbis pictorius|#formula=[]}} | 2 = [{%[%]}] | 3 = | 4 = {{!}}%s*#default%s*=%s*([^%s{{!}}]+)%s* | 5 = niger{PQC}{PQC}</code>, ''argumento omisso''</td><td>%1</td><td style["background-color: #%1"> | 6 = =%s*([^%s{{!}}]+)%s*{{!}}? | 7 = {PQC}{PQC}</code></td><td>%1</td><td style="background-color: #%1"></td></tr><tr><td><code>{PQA}{PQA} | 8 = ^%s*{{!}} | 9 = | 10 = {{!}} | 11 = {PQC}{PQC}</code>, <code>{PQA}{PQA} | 12 = %[ | 13 = = }}</td></tr> | 2 = {PQA} | 3 = [ | 4 = {PQC} | 5 = ] }}</table> == Ulteriora si cupis == * [[:Categoria:Colores]] * {{Fn|Exemplar coloris}} * {{Fn|Colores}} * {{Fn|Colores2}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Colores|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> lk59w6l2mzrtuujez5hnp6w3p88fn9m Formula:Salve/doc 10 307822 3974726 3974720 2026-07-26T12:12:02Z Grufo 64423 +{{[[Formula:Lua|Lua]]}} 3974726 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula semper substituenda|...}} {{Lua|Translitteratio}} Utere hac [[Vicipaedia:Substitutio|substitutione]] ad novos usores salutandos. Vide etiam {{fsn|salve/s}}. == De usu == '''Codex manuscriptus:''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{subst:salve}} --~~~~</syntaxhighlight> vel <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{subst:salve|UsorExemplaris}} --~~~~</syntaxhighlight> vel <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{subst:salve|UstrixExemplaris|f}} --~~~~</syntaxhighlight> vel <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{subst:salve||f}} --~~~~</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (in pagina ustricis “UstrixExemplaris”):''' {{Pagella|{{Salve|UstrixExemplaris|f|salutator=AuctorExemplaris}} {{Subscriptio exemplaris}}}} == De conversione prioris transclusionis ad substitutionem == In historia prisca [[Vicipaedia Latina|Vicipaediae Latinae]], haec formula [[Vicipaedia:Transclusio|transcludi]] et non [[Vicipaedia:Substitutio|substitui]] solebat (i.e. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{salve}}</syntaxhighlight> in loco <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:salve}}</syntaxhighlight>), idcirco formula non substituta in pluribus paginis usorum adhuc patescit. Si veterem transclusionem ad substitutionem vertere vis, argumentum {{para|salutator|''usor qui salutavit''}} aut {{para|salutatrix|''ustrix qui salutavit''}} tibi est addendum, sin secus nomen tuum capietur nomen salutatoris. Exempli gratia, si alicubi vides <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{salve}} --[[Usor:AuctorExemplaris|AuctorExemplaris]] ([[Disputatio_Usoris:AuctorExemplaris|disputatio]]) 16:57, 3 Octobris 2023 (UTC)</syntaxhighlight> id verte ad <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{subst:salve|salutator=AuctorExemplaris}} --[[Usor:AuctorExemplaris|AuctorExemplaris]] ([[Disputatio_Usoris:AuctorExemplaris|disputatio]]) 16:57, 3 Octobris 2023 (UTC)</syntaxhighlight> Si tu fuisti salutator aut salutatrix, argumentum {{para|salutator}} aut {{para|salutatrix}} omittere potes. == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec substitutio ad novos usores salutandos adhibetur.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Nomen", "description": "Nomen usoris (si casus vocativus a nominativo differt)", "default": "{{ROOTPAGENAME}}", "example": "ExempliUstrix", "type": "string", "required": false }, "2": { "label": "Sexus", "description": "Utere “m” pro masculino, “f” pro feminino aut “a” pro alio genere", "example": "f", "default": "{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|m|f|a}}", "type": "string", "required": false }, "salutator": { "aliases": ["salutatrix"], "label": "Salutator", "description": "Usor vel ustrix salutans (in novis substitutionibus argumentum omittendum est)", "example": "AuctorExemplaris", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == Subformulae humanae == * {{fsn|Salve/cum subscriptione}} == Ulteriora si cupis == * [[:Categoria:Formulae nuntiorum ad usores referendorum]] * [[Vicipaedia:Salve]] * [[Vicipaedia:Exemplaria communia/Salve]] * [[Vicipaedia:Gratulatio]] * [[:Categoria:Formulae disputationis]] * {{Fn|Nexus ad alias linguas de opibus nexibusque pro usoribus novis}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad alias linguas de fontibus nominum Latinorum}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad alias linguas de orthographia}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsa capita creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae disputationis|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae nuntiorum ad usores referendorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae in spatio nominali disputationis usoris adhibendae|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> q2n9bzskk31akcme85bvt7rqm7bp93a Formula:Numeri Romani Unicodicis 10 310630 3974724 3836205 2026-07-26T12:11:02Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Module:MultiReplace|#invoke:multiReplace]]|[[Module:MultiReplace#main|main]]}} → {{[[Module:Translitteratio|#invoke:translitteratio]]|[[Module:Translitteratio#multiplex|multiplex]]}} 3974724 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:translitteratio|multiplex|{{{1|}}}|VIII|Ⅷ|VII|Ⅶ|IV|Ⅳ|VI|Ⅵ|IX|Ⅸ|XII|Ⅻ|XI|Ⅺ|III|Ⅲ|II|Ⅱ|I|Ⅰ|V|Ⅴ|X|Ⅹ|L|Ⅼ|C|Ⅽ|D|Ⅾ|M|Ⅿ|viii|ⅷ|vii|ⅶ|iv|ⅳ|vi|ⅵ|ix|ⅸ|xii|ⅻ|xi|ⅺ|iii|ⅲ|ii|ⅱ|i|ⅰ|v|ⅴ|x|ⅹ|l|ⅼ|c|ⅽ|d|ⅾ|m|ⅿ}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> lamkcwcm82vvycd0qd1ut0lhtbb12da Formula:Numeri Romani Unicodicis/doc 10 310631 3974725 3826325 2026-07-26T12:11:20Z Grufo 64423 3974725 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Lua|Translitteratio}} {{Compendia formulae|urom}} Utere hac formula ut numeros Romanos characteribus [[Unicodex|Unicodicis]] scribas. == De usu == * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{urom|I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII L C D M i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x xi xii l c d m}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{urom|I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII L C D M i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x xi xii l c d m}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{urom|{{romnum|1122}}}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{urom|{{romnum|1122}}}} == Synonyma == * {{Fn|Numeri romani unicodicis}} * {{Fn|Urom}} == Vide quoque == * [[:Categoria:Formulae compendiariae characterum Unicodicis]] * {{Fn|Numerus Romanus}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae compendiariae characterum Unicodicis|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae numerales|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 8e46j9oixu1ti0guy4ds9be5bk8wnyh Iacobus David Vanceus 0 314040 3974753 3955951 2026-07-26T14:01:07Z ~2026-41635-89 212626 /* */ Vanceus 3974753 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{Res|Iacobus David Vanceus}} <ref>{{cite web|url=https://ephemerisnuntii.eu/leolat/COLLECTANEA%20PAPALIA.pdf|title=Novus Papa verbis effert limites apertos, tutelam climatis, vaccinationes – Leo XIV. sententias profert politicas|last1=Gross|first1=Nicolaus|year=[[2025]]|website=Ephemeris|date=|page=14|last2=Zukowski|first2=Iris}}: "In planiformâ X novus Papa iam reprobavit rationem ''Trumpii'' et ''Vancei politicam immigrationis''. Etiam climati novus Papa magnam vim attribuere videtur."</ref>([[Anglice]] {{Barbarice|lingua=en|JD Vance}},<ref name=":0">https://www.wsj.com/arts-culture/television/vol-37-no-7-jd-vance-a5c4683c</ref> plenius {{Barbarice|lingua=en|James David Vance}}, natus die [[2 Augusti]] [[1984]] nomine ''Bowman'', olim ob adoptionem ''Hamel'' adpellatus<ref>[https://apnews.com/article/election-2024-republicans-vice-president-vance-name-359c3d1361c94f5d2d1e9798b7854477 Res.]</ref>) est [[praeses vicarius Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]], olim in senatu [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]], {{*sc}} [[senator]] [[Civitatum Foederatarum civitas|Civitatis]] [[Ohium|Ohii]], atque [[auctor]] libri {{Op|Hillbilly Elegy}}.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/11/books/review-in-hillbilly-elegy-a-compassionate-analysis-of-the-poor-who-love-trump.html.</ref> Anno [[2024]] [[Donaldus Trump]], iam praeses Civitatum Foederatarum quadragesimus quintus,<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/elections/2016/results/president,</ref> eum selegit, [[Factio republicana (Civitates Foederatae)|factione Republicanā]] acceptante, candidatum [[Praeses vicarius Civitatum Foederatarum Americae|praesidis vicarii]].<ref>https://edition.cnn.com/2024/07/16/politics/how-trump-chose-vp-pick-vance/index.html</ref> [[Politicus]] habetur severos mores servans: recusat enim [[Abortus|abortum]],<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/health/womens-health/jd-vance-abortion-stance-rcna162086 Res.]</ref> nuptias [[Homosexualitas|eorum qui homines eodem sexu amant]],<ref>[https://eu.cincinnati.com/story/news/politics/elections/2022/08/24/ohio-senate-race-j-d-vance-focuses-on-conservative-family-issues/10204420002/ Res.]</ref> atque retentionem armorum.<ref>[https://momsdemandaction.org/everytown-moms-demand-action-respond-to-trump-announcing-vance-as-his-pick-for-vice-president/ Res.]</ref> Insuper recusat auxilium militare [[Ucraina|Ucrainae]] allatum.<ref>[https://www.newsweek.com/jd-vance-eyes-shift-republican-party-1925499 Res.]</ref> == Biographia == Studiis scholae confectis, ad [[Exercitus Civitatum Foederatarum|exercitum Civitatum Foederatarum]] accessit, ubi abs anno [[2003]] usque ad annum [[2007]] [[miles]] meruit.<ref>[https://www.military.com/daily-news/2024/07/16/jd-vances-marine-corps-service-would-set-him-apart-most-vice-presidents.html Res.]</ref> Deinde in [[Universitas Civica Ohiensis|Universitatis Civicae Ohiensis]] philosophiae et [[Scientia civilis|scientiae civili]] et [[Philosophia|philosophiae]] studuit summaque cum laude [[baccalaureus]] discessit.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/15/us/politics/trump-vp-pick.html</ref> Anno [[2016]] librum {{Op|Hillbilly Elegy}} scripsit, ubi de vita sua narravit.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/11/books/review-in-hillbilly-elegy-a-compassionate-analysis-of-the-poor-who-love-trump.html</ref> Postea Timotheum Ryan, Ohii candidatum [[Factio democratica (Civitates Foederatae)|factionis Democraticae]], superavit ac senator Ohii factus est.<ref>https://edition.cnn.com/2022/11/08/politics/jd-vance-tim-ryan-ohio-senate-race-winner/index.html</ref> Quamquam antea Donaldum Trump putavit hominem nimis periculosum,<ref>https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/vance-trump-hitler-quote/</ref> postremo maxime ei favit<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20240726132151/https://time.com/6078483/j-d-vance-interview-trump/</ref>, atque anno [[2024]] a Republicanis factus est vicarii praesidis candidatus.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/15/us/politics/who-is-jd-vance-trump-vp.html</ref> == Familia == Ferme anno 2011 Vance Usham Chilukuri cognovit,<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/01/style/usha-jd-vance-ohio.html Res.]</ref> quam anno 2014 uxorem duxit.<ref>[https://www.christiantoday.co.in/news/ohio-senator-jd-vance-reveals-hindu-wifes-support-for-his-christian-faith.html Res.]</ref> Nunc liberi tres ei sunt, quorum nomina sunt Ewan, Vivek, Mirabelque.<ref name=":0" /> == Opera == * [[2016]]: ''Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir of a Family and Culture in Crisis''. HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 978-0-06-230054-6. * [[2026]]: ''Communion: Finding My Way Back to Faith.'' HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 978-0-06-357501-1. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} {{CommuniaCat|JD Vance|Iacobum Davidem Vance}} {{Lifetime|1984||Vance, Iacobus David}} [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Civicae Ohiensis]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Yalensis]] [[Categoria:Auctores Anglici]] [[Categoria:Catholici Romani Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Milites Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Politici Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Praefectura Donaldi Trump|!]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Senatores Civitatum Foederatarum Ohii]] gdyc23mtlt3mqk3haf44f7ogn0cstls 3974756 3974753 2026-07-26T14:07:54Z IacobusAmor 1163 IacobusAmor movit paginam [[Iacobus David Vance]] ad [[Iacobus David Vanceus]]: Lemma 3974753 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{Res|Iacobus David Vanceus}} <ref>{{cite web|url=https://ephemerisnuntii.eu/leolat/COLLECTANEA%20PAPALIA.pdf|title=Novus Papa verbis effert limites apertos, tutelam climatis, vaccinationes – Leo XIV. sententias profert politicas|last1=Gross|first1=Nicolaus|year=[[2025]]|website=Ephemeris|date=|page=14|last2=Zukowski|first2=Iris}}: "In planiformâ X novus Papa iam reprobavit rationem ''Trumpii'' et ''Vancei politicam immigrationis''. Etiam climati novus Papa magnam vim attribuere videtur."</ref>([[Anglice]] {{Barbarice|lingua=en|JD Vance}},<ref name=":0">https://www.wsj.com/arts-culture/television/vol-37-no-7-jd-vance-a5c4683c</ref> plenius {{Barbarice|lingua=en|James David Vance}}, natus die [[2 Augusti]] [[1984]] nomine ''Bowman'', olim ob adoptionem ''Hamel'' adpellatus<ref>[https://apnews.com/article/election-2024-republicans-vice-president-vance-name-359c3d1361c94f5d2d1e9798b7854477 Res.]</ref>) est [[praeses vicarius Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]], olim in senatu [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]], {{*sc}} [[senator]] [[Civitatum Foederatarum civitas|Civitatis]] [[Ohium|Ohii]], atque [[auctor]] libri {{Op|Hillbilly Elegy}}.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/11/books/review-in-hillbilly-elegy-a-compassionate-analysis-of-the-poor-who-love-trump.html.</ref> Anno [[2024]] [[Donaldus Trump]], iam praeses Civitatum Foederatarum quadragesimus quintus,<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/elections/2016/results/president,</ref> eum selegit, [[Factio republicana (Civitates Foederatae)|factione Republicanā]] acceptante, candidatum [[Praeses vicarius Civitatum Foederatarum Americae|praesidis vicarii]].<ref>https://edition.cnn.com/2024/07/16/politics/how-trump-chose-vp-pick-vance/index.html</ref> [[Politicus]] habetur severos mores servans: recusat enim [[Abortus|abortum]],<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/health/womens-health/jd-vance-abortion-stance-rcna162086 Res.]</ref> nuptias [[Homosexualitas|eorum qui homines eodem sexu amant]],<ref>[https://eu.cincinnati.com/story/news/politics/elections/2022/08/24/ohio-senate-race-j-d-vance-focuses-on-conservative-family-issues/10204420002/ Res.]</ref> atque retentionem armorum.<ref>[https://momsdemandaction.org/everytown-moms-demand-action-respond-to-trump-announcing-vance-as-his-pick-for-vice-president/ Res.]</ref> Insuper recusat auxilium militare [[Ucraina|Ucrainae]] allatum.<ref>[https://www.newsweek.com/jd-vance-eyes-shift-republican-party-1925499 Res.]</ref> == Biographia == Studiis scholae confectis, ad [[Exercitus Civitatum Foederatarum|exercitum Civitatum Foederatarum]] accessit, ubi abs anno [[2003]] usque ad annum [[2007]] [[miles]] meruit.<ref>[https://www.military.com/daily-news/2024/07/16/jd-vances-marine-corps-service-would-set-him-apart-most-vice-presidents.html Res.]</ref> Deinde in [[Universitas Civica Ohiensis|Universitatis Civicae Ohiensis]] philosophiae et [[Scientia civilis|scientiae civili]] et [[Philosophia|philosophiae]] studuit summaque cum laude [[baccalaureus]] discessit.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/15/us/politics/trump-vp-pick.html</ref> Anno [[2016]] librum {{Op|Hillbilly Elegy}} scripsit, ubi de vita sua narravit.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/11/books/review-in-hillbilly-elegy-a-compassionate-analysis-of-the-poor-who-love-trump.html</ref> Postea Timotheum Ryan, Ohii candidatum [[Factio democratica (Civitates Foederatae)|factionis Democraticae]], superavit ac senator Ohii factus est.<ref>https://edition.cnn.com/2022/11/08/politics/jd-vance-tim-ryan-ohio-senate-race-winner/index.html</ref> Quamquam antea Donaldum Trump putavit hominem nimis periculosum,<ref>https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/vance-trump-hitler-quote/</ref> postremo maxime ei favit<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20240726132151/https://time.com/6078483/j-d-vance-interview-trump/</ref>, atque anno [[2024]] a Republicanis factus est vicarii praesidis candidatus.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/15/us/politics/who-is-jd-vance-trump-vp.html</ref> == Familia == Ferme anno 2011 Vance Usham Chilukuri cognovit,<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/01/style/usha-jd-vance-ohio.html Res.]</ref> quam anno 2014 uxorem duxit.<ref>[https://www.christiantoday.co.in/news/ohio-senator-jd-vance-reveals-hindu-wifes-support-for-his-christian-faith.html Res.]</ref> Nunc liberi tres ei sunt, quorum nomina sunt Ewan, Vivek, Mirabelque.<ref name=":0" /> == Opera == * [[2016]]: ''Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir of a Family and Culture in Crisis''. HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 978-0-06-230054-6. * [[2026]]: ''Communion: Finding My Way Back to Faith.'' HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 978-0-06-357501-1. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} {{CommuniaCat|JD Vance|Iacobum Davidem Vance}} {{Lifetime|1984||Vance, Iacobus David}} [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Civicae Ohiensis]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Yalensis]] [[Categoria:Auctores Anglici]] [[Categoria:Catholici Romani Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Milites Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Politici Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Praefectura Donaldi Trump|!]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Senatores Civitatum Foederatarum Ohii]] gdyc23mtlt3mqk3haf44f7ogn0cstls 3974762 3974756 2026-07-26T14:15:49Z IacobusAmor 1163 ~ 3974762 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Vicificanda}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{Res|Iacobus David Vanceus}} <ref>{{cite web|url=https://ephemerisnuntii.eu/leolat/COLLECTANEA%20PAPALIA.pdf|title=Novus Papa verbis effert limites apertos, tutelam climatis, vaccinationes – Leo XIV. sententias profert politicas|last1=Gross|first1=Nicolaus|year=[[2025]]|website=Ephemeris|date=|page=14|last2=Zukowski|first2=Iris}}: "In planiformâ X novus Papa iam reprobavit rationem ''Trumpii'' et ''Vancei politicam immigrationis''. Etiam climati novus Papa magnam vim attribuere videtur."</ref>([[Anglice]] {{Barbarice|lingua=en|JD Vance}},<ref name=":0">https://www.wsj.com/arts-culture/television/vol-37-no-7-jd-vance-a5c4683c</ref> plenius {{Barbarice|lingua=en|James David Vance}}, natus die [[2 Augusti]] [[1984]] nomine ''Bowman'', olim ob adoptionem ''Hamel'' adpellatus<ref>[https://apnews.com/article/election-2024-republicans-vice-president-vance-name-359c3d1361c94f5d2d1e9798b7854477 Res.]</ref>) est [[praeses vicarius Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]], olim in senatu [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum Americae]], {{*sc}} [[senator]] [[Civitatum Foederatarum civitas|Civitatis]] [[Ohium|Ohii]], atque [[auctor]] {{Op|Hillbilly Elegy}} ('Elegiae Rusticorum'), quasi [[autobiographia]]e.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/11/books/review-in-hillbilly-elegy-a-compassionate-analysis-of-the-poor-who-love-trump.html.</ref> Anno [[2024]] [[Donaldus Trump]], iam praeses Civitatum Foederatarum quadragesimus quintus,<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/elections/2016/results/president,</ref> eum selegit, [[Factio republicana (Civitates Foederatae)|factione Republicanā]] acceptante, candidatum [[Praeses vicarius Civitatum Foederatarum Americae|praesidis vicarii]].<ref>https://edition.cnn.com/2024/07/16/politics/how-trump-chose-vp-pick-vance/index.html</ref> [[Politicus]] habetur severos mores servans: recusat enim [[Abortus|abortum]],<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/health/womens-health/jd-vance-abortion-stance-rcna162086 Res.]</ref> nuptias [[Homosexualitas|eorum qui homines eodem sexu amant]],<ref>[https://eu.cincinnati.com/story/news/politics/elections/2022/08/24/ohio-senate-race-j-d-vance-focuses-on-conservative-family-issues/10204420002/ Res.]</ref> atque retentionem armorum.<ref>[https://momsdemandaction.org/everytown-moms-demand-action-respond-to-trump-announcing-vance-as-his-pick-for-vice-president/ Res.]</ref> Insuper recusat auxilium militare [[Ucraina|Ucrainae]] allatum.<ref>[https://www.newsweek.com/jd-vance-eyes-shift-republican-party-1925499 Res.]</ref> == Biographia == Studiis scholae confectis, ad [[Exercitus Civitatum Foederatarum|exercitum Civitatum Foederatarum]] accessit, ubi abs anno [[2003]] usque ad annum [[2007]] [[miles]] meruit.<ref>[https://www.military.com/daily-news/2024/07/16/jd-vances-marine-corps-service-would-set-him-apart-most-vice-presidents.html Res.]</ref> Deinde in [[Universitas Civica Ohiensis|Universitatis Civicae Ohiensis]] philosophiae et [[Scientia civilis|scientiae civili]] et [[Philosophia|philosophiae]] studuit summaque cum laude [[baccalaureus]] discessit.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/15/us/politics/trump-vp-pick.html</ref> Anno [[2016]] librum {{Op|Hillbilly Elegy}} scripsit, ubi de vita sua narravit.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/11/books/review-in-hillbilly-elegy-a-compassionate-analysis-of-the-poor-who-love-trump.html</ref> Postea Timotheum Ryan, Ohii candidatum [[Factio democratica (Civitates Foederatae)|factionis Democraticae]], superavit ac senator Ohii factus est.<ref>https://edition.cnn.com/2022/11/08/politics/jd-vance-tim-ryan-ohio-senate-race-winner/index.html</ref> Quamquam antea Donaldum Trump putavit hominem nimis periculosum,<ref>https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/vance-trump-hitler-quote/</ref> postremo maxime ei favit<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20240726132151/https://time.com/6078483/j-d-vance-interview-trump/</ref>, atque anno [[2024]] a Republicanis factus est vicarii praesidis candidatus.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/15/us/politics/who-is-jd-vance-trump-vp.html</ref> == Familia == Ferme anno 2011 Vance Usham Chilukuri cognovit,<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/01/style/usha-jd-vance-ohio.html Res.]</ref> quam anno 2014 uxorem duxit.<ref>[https://www.christiantoday.co.in/news/ohio-senator-jd-vance-reveals-hindu-wifes-support-for-his-christian-faith.html Res.]</ref> Nunc liberi tres ei sunt, quorum nomina sunt Ewan, Vivek, Mirabelque.<ref name=":0" /> == Opera == * [[2016]]: ''Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir of a Family and Culture in Crisis''. HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 978-0-06-230054-6. * [[2026]]: ''Communion: Finding My Way Back to Faith.'' HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 978-0-06-357501-1. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} {{CommuniaCat|JD Vance|Iacobum Davidem Vance}} {{Lifetime|1984||Vance, Iacobus David}} [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Civicae Ohiensis]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Yalensis]] [[Categoria:Auctores Anglici]] [[Categoria:Autobiographi Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Catholici Romani Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Classiarii Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Politici Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Praefectura Donaldi Trump|!]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Senatores Civitatum Foederatarum Ohii]] 413kwizyyfhasfxehiv0a9s221wve62 Disputatio:Iacobus David Vanceus 1 314045 3974758 3848985 2026-07-26T14:07:54Z IacobusAmor 1163 IacobusAmor movit paginam [[Disputatio:Iacobus David Vance]] ad [[Disputatio:Iacobus David Vanceus]]: Lemma 3848985 wikitext text/x-wiki == Pāgina sat aucta == @[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] Nōnne haec pāgina satis aucta est? Meā sententiā tabula „pāginae augendae“ āmovenda est. [[Usor:Reputa qui sis|Reputa qui sis]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Reputa qui sis|disputatio]]) 17:57, 30 Augusti 2024 (UTC) : Paginam certe satis auxisti. Multas notas diacriticas removi – mos Vicipaedianus est [[macron|macris]] uti tantummodo cum significatio sit aequivoca. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:29, 30 Augusti 2024 (UTC) 5op7f10mo7a5z12rx5j0abjaoufmmtb Formula:Locus Vicipaedianus relativus 10 314119 3974893 3851353 2026-07-27T03:59:56Z Grufo 64423 Minora 3974893 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|rel|{{{1}}}}} | . }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Nexus relativus Vicipaediae/doc}}</noinclude> s6rn3vawljml94qyqmlr2hd192rv5j1 3974901 3974893 2026-07-27T04:08:51Z Grufo 64423 Ad priorem recensionem reversus sum 3974901 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|rel|{{{1|}}}}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Nexus relativus Vicipaediae/doc}}</noinclude> mo7n2n5e1tmxrl38s61pew7hnnn8rrm Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus 10 314120 3974898 3851342 2026-07-27T04:06:12Z Grufo 64423 Formulam redintegravi 3974898 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | [[{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|abs|{{{1}}}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|rel|{{{1}}}}}]] | [[{{safesubst:<noinclude />FULLPAGENAME}}|.]] }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|proprietas=distributa}}</noinclude> cvj5c437g0zn7125g9ji99le5veegtg 3974904 3974898 2026-07-27T04:10:26Z Grufo 64423 Ad priorem recensionem reversus sum 3974904 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>[[{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|abs|{{{1|}}}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|rel|{{{1|}}}}}]]</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|proprietas=distributa}}</noinclude> cveazyi2qaewpxeio75kskf1ahk6s3b Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus/doc 10 314121 3974912 3972792 2026-07-27T05:33:51Z Grufo 64423 3974912 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis|proprietas=distributa}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Lua|Module:Path}} Formulae {{Tl|Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus}}, {{Tl|Nexus ad subformulam}}, {{Tl|Nexus Vicipaedianus tacite relativus}} et {{Tl|Locus Vicipaedianus relativus}} sinunt [[Vicipaedia:Subpaginae|subpaginas]] et eorum paginas superiores per nexus relativos [[Auxilium:Nexus|nectere]]. Si nexus nec ad subpaginam neque ad paginam superiorem praebitur, iudicabitur absolutus. == De usu == {{Nota bene}} Scriptio <code>..</code> etiam accipitur ({{*eg}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{rel|../exemplum}}</syntaxhighlight>). === {{[[Template:Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus|Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus]]}} === {{Formula delegata {{Compendia formulae|rel|nrel}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{rel|./exemplum}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{rel|./exemplum}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{rel|Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus/exemplum}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{rel|Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus/exemplum}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{rel|Vicipaedia:Taberna}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{rel|Vicipaedia:Taberna}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{rel|.}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{rel|.}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{rel}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{rel}} === {{[[Template:Nexus ad subformulam|Nexus ad subformulam]]}} === {{Compendia formulae|subfn|fnrel|nfrel|relfn|relnf}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{relfn|./exemplum}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{relfn|./exemplum}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{relfn|Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus/exemplum}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{relfn|Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus/exemplum}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{relfn|Formula:Scholium}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{relfn|Formula:Scholium}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{relfn|.}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{relfn|.}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{relfn}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{relfn}} === {{[[Template:Nexus ad subformulam substituendam|Nexus ad subformulam substituendam]]}} === {{Compendia formulae|fsnrel|relfsn}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{relfsn|./exemplum}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{relfsn|./exemplum}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{relfsn|Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus/exemplum}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{relfsn|Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus/exemplum}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{relfsn|Formula:Scholium}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{relfsn|Formula:Scholium}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{relfsn|.}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{relfsn|.}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{relfsn}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{relfsn}} === {{[[Template:Nexus Vicipaedianus tacite relativus|Nexus Vicipaedianus tacite relativus]]}} === {{Compendia formulae|trel|ntrel|reli|irel}} Tamquam {{Tl|Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus}}, sed sine [[interpunctum|interpunctis]] initialibus. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{trel|./exemplum}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{trel|./exemplum}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{trel|Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus tacite relativus/exemplum}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{trel|Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus tacite relativus/exemplum}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{trel|Vicipaedia:Taberna}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{trel|Vicipaedia:Taberna}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{trel|.}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{trel|.}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{trel}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{trel}} === {{[[Template:Locus Vicipaedianus relativus|Locus Vicipaedianus relativus]]}} === {{Formula delegata moduli|path|rel|propositum={{#ifeq:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|Locus Vicipaedianus relativus|functio|exhibitio}}}} {{Compendia formulae|lrel}} Tamquam {{Fn|Locus relativus Vicipaediae}}, sed sine nexu [[caeruleus|caeruleo]] aut [[ruber|rubro]]. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lrel|./exemplum}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lrel|./exemplum}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lrel|Formula:Locus Vicipaedianus relativus/exemplum}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lrel|Formula:Locus Vicipaedianus relativus/exemplum}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lrel|Vicipaedia:Taberna}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lrel|Vicipaedia:Taberna}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lrel|.}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lrel|.}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lrel}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lrel}} == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula sinit subpaginas et eorum paginas superiores per nexus relativos nectere.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Nexus", "description": "Nexus internum (i.e. ad paginam Vicipaediae Latinae)", "example": "Formula:Nexus relativus Vicipaediae/exemplum", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == Synonyma == {{#switch:{{ROOTPAGENAME}} | Locus Vicipaedianus relativus = * {{Fn|Lrel}} * {{Fn|Locus relativus Vicipaediae}} | Nexus ad subformulam = * {{Fn|Subfn}} * {{Fn|Fnrel}} * {{Fn|Nfrel}} * {{Fn|Relfn}} * {{Fn|Relnf}} | Nexus Vicipaedianus tacite relativus = * {{Fn|Trel}} * {{Fn|Ntrel}} * {{Fn|Reli}} – nomen interviciale * {{Fn|Irel}} – nomen interviciale | #default = * {{Fn|Rel}} – nomen interviciale * {{Fn|Nrel}} * {{Fn|Nexus relativus Vicipaediae}} }} == Ulteriora si cupis == * {{nm|path|rel}} et {{nm|path|sub}} * {{Fn|Nexus ad indicem subpaginarum}} * {{Fn|Index subpaginarum}} * {{Fn|Locus relativus Vicipaediae}} * [[:Categoria:Formulae nexuales]] <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Metaformulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae nexuales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> bz4wtoigwveh7znkr58w966k3rathxv Modulus:Path 828 314127 3974888 3969453 2026-07-27T03:47:01Z Grufo 64423 +‘mw.title.new()’ 3974888 Scribunto text/plain require[[strict]] local function split_path (path) local len, parts = 0, {} for token in path:gmatch("[^/]+") do len = len + 1 parts[len] = token end return parts, len end local function get_abs_path (current, page) local len_o, tbl_o local tbl_i = split_path(page) if tbl_i[1] == '.' or tbl_i[1] == '..' then tbl_o, len_o = split_path(current) else tbl_i[1] = tbl_i[1]:gsub('^([^:]?)([^:]*)(:?)(.?)', function (s1, s2, s3, s4) if s3 == '' then return s1:upper() .. s2 end return s1:upper() .. s2 .. s3 .. s4:upper() end, 1 ) tbl_o = {} len_o = 0 end for key, val in ipairs(tbl_i) do if val == '..' then if len_o < 1 then error('Module:Path: invalid path', 0) end tbl_o[len_o], len_o = nil, len_o - 1 elseif val ~= '.' then len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = val end end if len_o < 1 then len_o, tbl_o[1] = 1, '' end tbl_o[1] = mw.title.new(tbl_o[1]).fullText return tbl_o, len_o end local function get_rel_path (current, page, add_prefixes) local minlen local tbl_i, len_i = get_abs_path(current, page) local tbl_c, len_c = split_path(current) local new_at, len_o, tbl_o = 0, 0, {} if len_c < len_i then minlen = len_c else minlen = len_i end for idx = 1, minlen do if tbl_c[idx] ~= tbl_i[idx] then new_at = idx break end end if new_at == 1 then return table.concat(tbl_i, '/') end if add_prefixes then if new_at == 0 then new_at, tbl_o[1] = minlen + 1, '.' end for idx = new_at, len_c do len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = '..' end if len_o < 1 then len_o = 1 end elseif new_at == 0 then new_at = minlen + 1 end for idx = new_at, len_i do len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = tbl_i[idx] end return table.concat(tbl_o, '/') end local iface = {} iface.abs = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText end local retval = table.concat(get_abs_path( mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1) ), '/') return retval end iface.rel = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return '.' end return get_rel_path(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1), true) end iface.sub = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return '' end return get_rel_path(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1), false) end return iface 9qgsetc72a4v7vuh923w0ihrol9i5re 3974889 3974888 2026-07-27T03:54:01Z Grufo 64423 ‘[[Module:Path#abs|abs]]’: ‘mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText’ → ‘frame:getParent():getTitle()’ 3974889 Scribunto text/plain require[[strict]] local function split_path (path) local len, parts = 0, {} for token in path:gmatch("[^/]+") do len = len + 1 parts[len] = token end return parts, len end local function get_abs_path (current, page) local len_o, tbl_o local tbl_i = split_path(page) if tbl_i[1] == '.' or tbl_i[1] == '..' then tbl_o, len_o = split_path(current) else tbl_i[1] = tbl_i[1]:gsub('^([^:]?)([^:]*)(:?)(.?)', function (s1, s2, s3, s4) if s3 == '' then return s1:upper() .. s2 end return s1:upper() .. s2 .. s3 .. s4:upper() end, 1 ) tbl_o = {} len_o = 0 end for key, val in ipairs(tbl_i) do if val == '..' then if len_o < 1 then error('Module:Path: invalid path', 0) end tbl_o[len_o], len_o = nil, len_o - 1 elseif val ~= '.' then len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = val end end if len_o < 1 then len_o, tbl_o[1] = 1, '' end tbl_o[1] = mw.title.new(tbl_o[1]).fullText return tbl_o, len_o end local function get_rel_path (current, page, add_prefixes) local minlen local tbl_i, len_i = get_abs_path(current, page) local tbl_c, len_c = split_path(current) local new_at, len_o, tbl_o = 0, 0, {} if len_c < len_i then minlen = len_c else minlen = len_i end for idx = 1, minlen do if tbl_c[idx] ~= tbl_i[idx] then new_at = idx break end end if new_at == 1 then return table.concat(tbl_i, '/') end if add_prefixes then if new_at == 0 then new_at, tbl_o[1] = minlen + 1, '.' end for idx = new_at, len_c do len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = '..' end if len_o < 1 then len_o = 1 end elseif new_at == 0 then new_at = minlen + 1 end for idx = new_at, len_i do len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = tbl_i[idx] end return table.concat(tbl_o, '/') end local iface = {} iface.abs = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return frame:getParent():getTitle() end local retval = table.concat(get_abs_path( mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1) ), '/') return retval end iface.rel = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return '.' end return get_rel_path(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1), true) end iface.sub = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return '' end return get_rel_path(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1), false) end return iface pg92yjuq2lpm9n0jwlwf40clwejmyoa 3974899 3974889 2026-07-27T04:07:30Z Grufo 64423 Ad priorem recensionem reversus sum 3974899 Scribunto text/plain require[[strict]] local function split_path (path) local len, parts = 0, {} for token in path:gmatch("[^/]+") do len = len + 1 parts[len] = token end return parts, len end local function get_abs_path (current, page) local len_o, tbl_o local tbl_i = split_path(page) if tbl_i[1] == '.' or tbl_i[1] == '..' then tbl_o, len_o = split_path(current) else tbl_i[1] = tbl_i[1]:gsub('^([^:]?)([^:]*)(:?)(.?)', function (s1, s2, s3, s4) if s3 == '' then return s1:upper() .. s2 end return s1:upper() .. s2 .. s3 .. s4:upper() end, 1 ) tbl_o = {} len_o = 0 end for key, val in ipairs(tbl_i) do if val == '..' then if len_o < 1 then error('Module:Path: invalid path', 0) end tbl_o[len_o], len_o = nil, len_o - 1 elseif val ~= '.' then len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = val end end if len_o < 1 then len_o, tbl_o[1] = 1, '' end tbl_o[1] = mw.title.new(tbl_o[1]).fullText return tbl_o, len_o end local function get_rel_path (current, page, add_prefixes) local minlen local tbl_i, len_i = get_abs_path(current, page) local tbl_c, len_c = split_path(current) local new_at, len_o, tbl_o = 0, 0, {} if len_c < len_i then minlen = len_c else minlen = len_i end for idx = 1, minlen do if tbl_c[idx] ~= tbl_i[idx] then new_at = idx break end end if new_at == 1 then return table.concat(tbl_i, '/') end if add_prefixes then if new_at == 0 then new_at, tbl_o[1] = minlen + 1, '.' end for idx = new_at, len_c do len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = '..' end if len_o < 1 then len_o = 1 end elseif new_at == 0 then new_at = minlen + 1 end for idx = new_at, len_i do len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = tbl_i[idx] end return table.concat(tbl_o, '/') end local iface = {} iface.abs = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText end local retval = table.concat(get_abs_path( mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1) ), '/') return retval end iface.rel = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return '.' end return get_rel_path(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1), true) end iface.sub = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return '' end return get_rel_path(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1), false) end return iface 9qgsetc72a4v7vuh923w0ihrol9i5re 3974905 3974899 2026-07-27T04:13:11Z Grufo 64423 3974905 Scribunto text/plain require[[strict]] local function split_path (path) local len, parts = 0, {} for token in path:gmatch("[^/]+") do len = len + 1 parts[len] = token end return parts, len end local function get_abs_path (current, page) local len_o, tbl_o local tbl_i = split_path(page) if tbl_i[1] == '.' or tbl_i[1] == '..' then tbl_o, len_o = split_path(current) else tbl_i[1] = tbl_i[1]:gsub('^([^:]?)([^:]*)(:?)(.?)', function (s1, s2, s3, s4) if s3 == '' then return s1:upper() .. s2 end return s1:upper() .. s2 .. s3 .. s4:upper() end, 1 ) tbl_o, len_o = {}, 0 end for key, val in ipairs(tbl_i) do if val == '..' then if len_o < 1 then error('Module:Path: invalid path', 0) end tbl_o[len_o], len_o = nil, len_o - 1 elseif val ~= '.' then len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = val end end if len_o < 1 then len_o, tbl_o[1] = 1, '' end tbl_o[1] = mw.title.new(tbl_o[1]).fullText return tbl_o, len_o end local function get_rel_path (current, page, add_prefixes) local minlen local tbl_i, len_i = get_abs_path(current, page) local tbl_c, len_c = split_path(current) local new_at, len_o, tbl_o = 0, 0, {} if len_c < len_i then minlen = len_c else minlen = len_i end for idx = 1, minlen do if tbl_c[idx] ~= tbl_i[idx] then new_at = idx break end end if new_at == 1 then return table.concat(tbl_i, '/') end if add_prefixes then if new_at == 0 then new_at, tbl_o[1] = minlen + 1, '.' end for idx = new_at, len_c do len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = '..' end if len_o < 1 then len_o = 1 end elseif new_at == 0 then new_at = minlen + 1 end for idx = new_at, len_i do len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = tbl_i[idx] end return table.concat(tbl_o, '/') end local iface = {} iface.abs = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return frame:getParent():getTitle() end local retval = table.concat(get_abs_path( mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1) ), '/') return retval end iface.rel = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return '.' end return get_rel_path(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1), true) end iface.sub = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return '' end return get_rel_path(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1), false) end return iface j8vz2nvu20bzire16uvlbjx4ebfu0jh 3974906 3974905 2026-07-27T04:17:14Z Grufo 64423 3974906 Scribunto text/plain require[[strict]] local function split_path (path) local len, parts = 0, {} for token in path:gmatch("[^/]+") do len = len + 1 parts[len] = token end return parts, len end local function get_abs_path (current, page) local len_o, tbl_o local tbl_i = split_path(page) if tbl_i[1] == '.' or tbl_i[1] == '..' then tbl_o, len_o = split_path(current) else tbl_i[1] = tbl_i[1]:gsub('^([^:]?)([^:]*)(:?)(.?)', function (s1, s2, s3, s4) if s3 == '' then return s1:upper() .. s2 end return s1:upper() .. s2 .. s3 .. s4:upper() end, 1 ) tbl_o, len_o = {}, 0 end for key, val in ipairs(tbl_i) do if val == '..' then if len_o < 1 then error('Module:Path: invalid path', 0) end tbl_o[len_o], len_o = nil, len_o - 1 elseif val ~= '.' then len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = val end end if len_o < 1 then len_o, tbl_o[1] = 1, '' end tbl_o[1] = mw.title.new(tbl_o[1]).fullText return tbl_o, len_o end local function get_rel_path (current, page, add_prefixes) local minlen local tbl_i, len_i = get_abs_path(current, page) local tbl_c, len_c = split_path(current) local new_at, len_o, tbl_o = 0, 0, {} if len_c < len_i then minlen = len_c else minlen = len_i end for idx = 1, minlen do if tbl_c[idx] ~= tbl_i[idx] then new_at = idx break end end if new_at == 1 then return table.concat(tbl_i, '/') end if add_prefixes then if new_at == 0 then new_at, tbl_o[1] = minlen + 1, '.' end for idx = new_at, len_c do len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = '..' end if len_o < 1 then len_o = 1 end elseif new_at == 0 then new_at = minlen + 1 end for idx = new_at, len_i do len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = tbl_i[idx] end return table.concat(tbl_o, '/') end local iface = {} iface.abs = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText end local retval = table.concat(get_abs_path( mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1) ), '/') return retval end iface.rel = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return '.' end return get_rel_path(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1), true) end iface.sub = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return '' end return get_rel_path(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1), false) end return iface 7nsre9dqhfniv5ylkjkwamhi6bl9hk7 3974908 3974906 2026-07-27T05:24:04Z Grufo 64423 Melius 3974908 Scribunto text/plain require[[strict]] local function split_path (path) local len, parts = 0, {} for token in path:gmatch("[^/]+") do len = len + 1 parts[len] = token end return parts, len end local function get_abs_path (current, page) local len_o, tbl_o local tbl_i = split_path(page) if tbl_i[1] == '.' or tbl_i[1] == '..' then tbl_o, len_o = split_path(current) elseif tbl_i[1] ~= '' then tbl_i[1], tbl_o, len_o = mw.title.new(tbl_i[1]).fullText, {}, 0 end for key, val in ipairs(tbl_i) do if val == '..' then if len_o < 1 then error('Module:Path: invalid path', 0) end tbl_o[len_o], len_o = nil, len_o - 1 elseif val ~= '.' then len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = val end end if len_o < 1 then len_o, tbl_o[1] = 1, '' end return tbl_o, len_o end local function get_rel_path (current, page, add_prefixes) local minlen local tbl_i, len_i = get_abs_path(current, page) local tbl_c, len_c = split_path(current) local new_at, len_o, tbl_o = 0, 0, {} if len_c < len_i then minlen = len_c else minlen = len_i end for idx = 1, minlen do if tbl_c[idx] ~= tbl_i[idx] then new_at = idx break end end if new_at == 1 then return table.concat(tbl_i, '/') end if add_prefixes then if new_at == 0 then new_at, tbl_o[1] = minlen + 1, '.' end for idx = new_at, len_c do len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = '..' end if len_o < 1 then len_o = 1 end elseif new_at == 0 then new_at = minlen + 1 end for idx = new_at, len_i do len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = tbl_i[idx] end return table.concat(tbl_o, '/') end local iface = {} iface.abs = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText end local retval = table.concat(get_abs_path( mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1) ), '/') return retval end iface.rel = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return '.' end return get_rel_path(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1), true) end iface.sub = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return '' end return get_rel_path(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1), false) end return iface 8tmf9izr3ec49y7gpp017roi9u6zig3 3974911 3974908 2026-07-27T05:32:42Z Grufo 64423 3974911 Scribunto text/plain require[[strict]] local function split_path (path) local len, parts = 0, {} for token in path:gmatch("[^/]+") do len = len + 1 parts[len] = token end return parts, len end local function get_abs_path (current, page) local len_o, tbl_o local tbl_i = split_path(page) local tmp = tbl_i[1] if tmp == '.' or tmp == '..' then tbl_o, len_o = split_path(current) elseif tmp ~= '' then tmp = mw.title.new(tmp) if tmp == nil then error('Module:Path: invalid title', 0) end tbl_i[1], tbl_o, len_o = tmp.fullText, {}, 0 end for key, val in ipairs(tbl_i) do if val == '..' then if len_o < 1 then error('Module:Path: invalid path', 0) end tbl_o[len_o], len_o = nil, len_o - 1 elseif val ~= '.' then len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = val end end if len_o < 1 then len_o, tbl_o[1] = 1, '' end return tbl_o, len_o end local function get_rel_path (current, page, add_prefixes) local minlen local tbl_i, len_i = get_abs_path(current, page) local tbl_c, len_c = split_path(current) local new_at, len_o, tbl_o = 0, 0, {} if len_c < len_i then minlen = len_c else minlen = len_i end for idx = 1, minlen do if tbl_c[idx] ~= tbl_i[idx] then new_at = idx break end end if new_at == 1 then return table.concat(tbl_i, '/') end if add_prefixes then if new_at == 0 then new_at, tbl_o[1] = minlen + 1, '.' end for idx = new_at, len_c do len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = '..' end if len_o < 1 then len_o = 1 end elseif new_at == 0 then new_at = minlen + 1 end for idx = new_at, len_i do len_o = len_o + 1 tbl_o[len_o] = tbl_i[idx] end return table.concat(tbl_o, '/') end local iface = {} iface.abs = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText end local retval = table.concat(get_abs_path( mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1) ), '/') return retval end iface.rel = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return '.' end return get_rel_path(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1), true) end iface.sub = function (frame) local page = frame.args[1] if page ~= nil then page = page:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end if page == nil then return '' end return get_rel_path(mw.title.getCurrentTitle().prefixedText, page:gsub('^%s*/%s*', './', 1), false) end return iface ad0bh63dvtla2shdzd4onybz2d8y52a Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus tacite relativus 10 314256 3974892 3851361 2026-07-27T03:58:45Z Grufo 64423 Formulam redintegravi 3974892 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | [[{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|abs|{{{1}}}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />Sin secus|{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|sub|{{{1}}}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />PAGENAME}}}}]] | [[{{safesubst:<noinclude />FULLPAGENAME}}|.]] }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus/doc}}</noinclude> mu5poz1euf5ayw750dg713tof4x2zgw 3974900 3974892 2026-07-27T04:08:10Z Grufo 64423 Ad priorem recensionem reversus sum 3974900 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>[[{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|abs|{{{1|}}}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />Sin secus|{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|sub|{{{1|}}}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />PAGENAME}}}}]]</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus/doc}}</noinclude> qcizjp3o0wqxmrt8liv28486gib79hn 3974907 3974900 2026-07-27T04:18:38Z Grufo 64423 3974907 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>[[{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|abs|{{{1|}}}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />Sin secus|{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|sub|{{{1|}}}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />FULLPAGENAME}}}}]]</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus/doc}}</noinclude> 8mfpkio08t552zjp8gdk71u31sfsqjh Usor:Grufo/Officina 2 314478 3974846 3974415 2026-07-26T21:48:14Z Grufo 64423 3974846 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Notae caducae | titulus = Memoranda | pagina = /notae }} [[Specialis:Praefixa/{{FULLPAGENAME}}/|Subpaginae]]: * [[Usor:Grufo/Officina/Facienda|Facienda]] * [[Usor:Grufo/Officina/Experimenta|Experimenta]] * [[Usor:Grufo/Officina/Tabularium|Tabularium]] * [[Usor:Grufo/Officina/Lorem ipsum|Lorem ipsum]] * [[Usor:Grufo/Officina/Annotationes|Annotationes]] == Annotationes == * [[:Categoria:Categoriae exploratoriae]] * <code>[https://github.com/wikimedia/mediawiki-extensions-Scribunto/blob/6d93921797f12b82dea25f3a9ce40cd3008a66f0/includes/Engines/LuaCommon/lualib/mw.lua#L208-L511 newFrame]</code> * <code>[https://github.com/wikimedia/mediawiki-extensions-Scribunto/blob/703942affa454493cfcc240d41eeb81ac10c9c03/includes/Engines/LuaCommon/LuaEngine.php#L687-L689 newChildFrame]</code> * {{Nexus planus | 1 = //en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?search=intitle%3Acategory&title=Special%3ASearch&profile=advanced&fulltext=1&advancedSearch-current=%7B%22fields%22%3A%7B%22intitle%22%3A%22category%22%7D%7D&ns8=1 | 2 = Nomina categoriarum systematis Vicipaediae Anglicae }} * [https://doc.wikimedia.org/codex/latest/design-tokens/color.html Color _ Codex] * {{Nexus cum parametris | search = intitle:category | profile = advanced | fulltext = 1 | advancedSearch-current = {"fields":{"intitle":"category"}<nowiki />} | ns8 = 1 | 1 = Specialis:Quaerere | 2 = Nomina categoriarum systematis Vicipaediae Latinae }} * {{Nexus cum parametris | 1 = Specialis:Quaerere | 2 = Paginae documentationis quae &#123;&#123;Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae&#125;&#125; requirunt | search = insource:/\{{!}}\s*!\s*\]\]/i | limit = 500 | offset = 0 | ns10 = 1 | sort = last_edit_desc | searchToken = d52ms0m5mhbjrlausqohxllfv }} * {{Nexus ad quaerendum|insource:/\<ref[^>\/]*\>[^<]*\{\{safesubst:/i|Annotationes cui est <code>safesubst:</code>|intra=0,1,10,100,101,11,118,119,12,13,14,15,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,828,829,9|dumtaxat=500|ordo=secundum recensionem}} * {{Nexus ad quaerendum|insource:/\<ref[^>\/]*\>[^<]*\{\{subst:/i|Annotationes cui est <code>subst:</code>|intra=0,1,10,100,101,11,118,119,12,13,14,15,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,828,829,9|dumtaxat=500|ordo=secundum recensionem}} * {{Nexus ad quaerendum|insource:/invoke:params/i|Ubi modulus Params adhibeatur|intra=0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,100,101,118,119,710,711,829|dumtaxat=500|ordo=secundum recensionem}} == De novo spatio nominali adumbrationum == * [[phab:T418706|New “Draft” namespace for lawiki: “Adumbratio” – Phabricator]] * [[phab:T419100|Pass the target of the redirect as $1 to MediaWiki:Move-redirect-text – Phabricator]] * [[MediaWiki:Noarticletext]] * [[MediaWiki:Editnotice-0]] * [[Specialis:Nexus ad paginam/Alkinum]] * [[MediaWiki:Hf-nsheader-Adumbratio]] * [[MediaWiki:Top-notice-ns-118]] * [[MediaWiki:Draft header]] * [[MediaWiki:Namespacenotice-118]] == Alia == * [[Mw:Manual:Interface/Edit notice]] * [[Mw:Manual:Interface/Sitenotice]] * [[Mw:Extension:PageNotice]] * [[phab:T405104|Consider linting/deprecating blank template parameter names – Phabricator]] * [[phab:T430383|Introduce a parser function that allows editors to define a maximum cache validity interval for a page – Phabricator]] * [[phab:T431913|TemplateData's custom format does not support the tab character – Phabricator]] * [[phab:T431938|Add support for :focus-within when the content model is “sanitized-css” – Phabricator]] * [[phab:T431940|Allow TemplateData to specify the intended template invocation method – Phabricator]] * [[phab:T432542|Add a returnType field to TemplateData – Phabricator]] hkfx2crale3iliu7844ttk7taq3gwlg Formula:Usor globalis/doc 10 314922 3974875 3934793 2026-07-27T03:19:16Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem redintegravi 3974875 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula numquam substituenda|...}} Haec capsa conventum globalem usoris ostendit. == De usu == Sic utere: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Usor globalis|la|w}}</syntaxhighlight> = “apud Vicipaediam (la)” * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Usor globalis|en|wikt}}</syntaxhighlight> = “apud Victionarium (en)” * et cetera === Exemplum === '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Usor globalis|sv|w}}</syntaxhighlight> aut <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Ustrix globalis|sv|w}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (sexu usoris sponte invento):''' {| |- | {{Usor globalis|sv|w|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Usor globalis}}</syntaxhighlight> aut <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Ustrix globalis}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus (sexu usoris sponte invento):''' {| |- | {{Usor globalis|propositum=exhibitio}} |} == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec capsa conventum globalem usoris ostendit.", "format": "inline", "params": { "1": { "label": "Lingua", "description": "Lingua sitūs Vicimedialis", "type": "string", "required": false, "default": "la", "example": "sv" }, "2": { "label": "Situs", "description": "Situs Vicimedialis (scribe ‘|2=w’ aut ‘|2=commons’ aut ‘|2=meta’ aut ‘|2=wikt’ aut ‘|2=v’ aut ‘|2=b’ aut ‘|2=s’ aut ‘|2=q’ aut ‘|2=n’); si omittitur ‘|2=w’ legetur", "type": "string", "required": false, "default": "w", "example": "wikt" }, "norma": { "label": "Norma", "default": "sinistra", "description": "Scribe ‘|norma=sinistra’ aut ‘|norma=dextera’ (vel ‘|norma=dextra’); si omittitur ‘|norma=sinistra’ legetur", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "dextra" }, "dispositio": { "label": "Dispositio capsae", "description": "Scribe ‘|dispositio=horizontalis’ aut ‘|dispositio=verticalis’; si omittitur ‘|dispositio=verticalis’ legetur", "type": "string", "required": false, "default": "verticalis", "example": "horizontalis" } } }</templatedata> == Synonyma == * {{Fn|Ustrix globalis}} == Ulteriora si cupis == * [[:Categoria:Capsae usoris]] <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae in spatio nominali usoris adhibendae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae marginales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Capsae usoris|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 17c292zcebntl1euk3lso87mlr7vbdr Fertőd 0 315409 3974743 3974717 2026-07-26T13:22:18Z IacobusAmor 1163 3974743 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Aerial image of Esterházy Palace, Fertőd (view from the southeast).jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|left|Castellum in oppido ex aēre spectatum.]] '''Fertőd''' est [[oppidum]] in [[septentrio]]nali [[Hungaria]]e parte situm.<ref>[https://www.fertod.hu/hu Situs interretialis urbis proprius.]</ref> Notum est ob [[castellum]] illic exstructum, quod [[natura]] amoena amplectitur. ==Spectanda== Castellum, quod Dux [[Ioannes Eszterházy]] hic exstruī iussit, secundum morem [[Barocus|Barocum]] aedificatum est. Praeterea castellum inter opera heredii mundani cultūs numeratur. ==Notae== <references /> ==Nexus externi== {{fontes geographici}} [[Categoria:Urbes Hungariae]] 2yr0i1c0i92s5dm3olei3pv82zf836z Formula:Nexus ad subformulam 10 321960 3974895 3931651 2026-07-27T04:03:40Z Grufo 64423 Formulam redintegravi 3974895 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | {{[[{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|abs|{{{1}}}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:string|replace|source={{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|rel|{{{1}}}}}|pattern=^Formula:|replace=|count=1|plain=false}}]]}} | {{[[{{safesubst:<noinclude />FULLPAGENAME}}|.]]}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Nexus relativus Vicipaediae/doc}}</noinclude> 3jjtf8lv6ddpmdm12pcm3gm3mymawnl 3974903 3974895 2026-07-27T04:10:00Z Grufo 64423 Ad priorem recensionem reversus sum 3974903 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{[[{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|abs|{{{1|}}}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:string|replace|source={{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|rel|{{{1|}}}}}|pattern=^Formula:|replace=|count=1|plain=false}}]]}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus/doc}}</noinclude> o0yf8ouisgdee6zxhu12sqodey94zlb Formula:Phabricator hospitio me excepit 10 323415 3974857 3943104 2026-07-27T01:36:26Z Grufo 64423 +‘|2=’ 3974857 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Capsa usoris | imago = Wikimedia Phabricator logo.svg | color-sinister = #fff | color-dexter = #333 | color-marginum = #396 | color-typorum = #eed | propositum = {{{propositum|}}} | norma = {{{norma|}}} | dispositio = {{{dispositio|}}} | 1 = [[:mw:Phabricator|<b style="color: #fff; font-size: 105%; font-weight: bolder; font-stretch: ultra-condensed; font-family: Klavika, Trade Gothic, Interstate Compressed, Heroic, Gotham, Camingo Dos, Founders Grotesk, Droid, Antonio, Economica, Fjalla, Ubuntu Condensed, DejaVu Sans Condensed, Nimbus Sans L, Arial Narrow, Helvetica Narrow, Futura, Gill Sans, AvantGarde Bk BT, sans-serif;">PHABRICATOR</b>]] hospitio [[phab:p/{{urlencode:{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}}|QUERY}}/|<span style="color:#6EF; font-family:sans-serif;">{{#switch:{{{1|{{#ifeq:{{{propositum}}}|exhibitio|a|{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|m|f|a}}}}}}} | M | m = hunc usorem | F | f = hanc ustricem | #default = hanc ustricem usoremve }}</span>]] excepit.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Phabricatores]]}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> odh3a1iqvxv9tt5hygojpm6bfa9isdb 3974868 3974857 2026-07-27T02:52:44Z Grufo 64423 ‘|2=’ → ‘|u=’ 3974868 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Capsa usoris | imago = Wikimedia Phabricator logo.svg | color-sinister = #fff | color-dexter = #333 | color-marginum = #396 | color-typorum = #eed | propositum = {{{propositum|}}} | norma = {{{norma|}}} | dispositio = {{{dispositio|}}} | 1 = [[:mw:Phabricator|<b style="color: #fff; font-size: 105%; font-weight: bolder; font-stretch: ultra-condensed; font-family: Klavika, Trade Gothic, Interstate Compressed, Heroic, Gotham, Camingo Dos, Founders Grotesk, Droid, Antonio, Economica, Fjalla, Ubuntu Condensed, DejaVu Sans Condensed, Nimbus Sans L, Arial Narrow, Helvetica Narrow, Futura, Gill Sans, AvantGarde Bk BT, sans-serif;">PHABRICATOR</b>]] hospitio [[phab:p/{{urlencode:{{#if:{{{u|}}}|{{{u}}}|{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}}|QUERY}}/|<span style="color:#6EF; font-family:sans-serif;">{{#switch:{{{1|{{#ifeq:{{{propositum}}}|exhibitio|a|{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|m|f|a}}}}}}} | M | m = hunc usorem | F | f = hanc ustricem | #default = hanc ustricem usoremve }}</span>]] excepit.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Phabricatores]]}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> d7yw877y22afu60zhsv24oi9vbsuvds Formula:Phabricator hospitio me excepit/doc 10 323416 3974858 3955722 2026-07-27T01:49:33Z Grufo 64423 /* De argumentis */ Novum caput 3974858 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula numquam substituenda|...}} Si [[:mw:Phabricator|Phabricator]] semel vel saepius te vidit usorem aut ustricem, hanc formulam in tuo [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] ostendere potes. Paginae quae hanc formulam adhibent in [[:Categoria:Phabricatores]] numerantur. == De usu == '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus ([[sexus|sexu]] usoris sponte invento):''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|f}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|f|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|m}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|m|propositum=exhibitio}} |} == De argumentis == {{De formula adhibenda | summarium = Si Phabricator semel vel saepius te vidit usorem aut ustricem, hanc formulam in tuo spatio nominali ostendere potes. | dispositio = horizontalis | titulus 1 = Sexus | descriptio 1 = Sexus usoris (si omittitur iussus MediaVicialis ‘<nowiki>{{GENDER}}</nowiki>’ legetur) | forma 1 = textualis | praesentia 1 = voluntaria | omissio 1 = <nowiki>{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|m|f|a}}</nowiki> | exemplum 1 = f | titulus 2 = Nomen usoris | descriptio 2 = Nomen usoris apud Phabricatorem | forma 2 = textualis | praesentia 2 = voluntaria | omissio 2 = <nowiki>{{ROOTPAGENAME}}</nowiki> | exemplum 2 = Tullius | nomen 3 = norma | titulus 3 = Norma | descriptio 3 = Scribe ‘{{!}}norma=sinistra’ aut ‘{{!}}norma=dextera’ (vel ‘{{!}}norma=dextra’); si omittitur ‘{{!}}norma=sinistra’ legetur | forma 3 = textualis | praesentia 3 = voluntaria | omissio 3 = sinistra | exemplum 3 = dextra | nomen 4 = dispositio | titulus 4 = Dispositio capsae | descriptio 4 = Scribe ‘{{!}}dispositio=horizontalis’ aut ‘{{!}}dispositio=verticalis’; si omittitur ‘{{!}}dispositio=verticalis’ legetur | forma 4 = textualis | praesentia 4 = voluntaria | omissio 4 = verticalis | exemplum 4 = horizontalis }} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Phabricatores}} * [[:Categoria:Capsae usoris]] <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae in spatio nominali usoris adhibendae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae marginales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Capsae usoris|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> f4oav93mj4y7a0eb5azs8mh6qt88ibg 3974859 3974858 2026-07-27T01:52:18Z Grufo 64423 {{[[Formula:De formula adhibenda|De formula adhibenda]]}} → {{[[Formula:De formula adhibenda|subst:De formula adhibenda]]}} 3974859 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula numquam substituenda|...}} Si [[:mw:Phabricator|Phabricator]] semel vel saepius te vidit usorem aut ustricem, hanc formulam in tuo [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] ostendere potes. Paginae quae hanc formulam adhibent in [[:Categoria:Phabricatores]] numerantur. == De usu == '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus ([[sexus|sexu]] usoris sponte invento):''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|f}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|f|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|m}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|m|propositum=exhibitio}} |} == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Si Phabricator semel vel saepius te vidit usorem aut ustricem, hanc formulam in tuo spatio nominali ostendere potes.", "format": "inline", "params": { "1": { "default": "{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}}", "description": "Sexus usoris (si omittitur iussus MediaVicialis ‘{{GENDER}}’ legetur)", "example": "f", "label": "Sexus", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "2": { "default": "{{ROOTPAGENAME}}", "description": "Nomen usoris apud Phabricatorem", "example": "Tullius", "label": "Nomen usoris", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "norma": { "default": "sinistra", "description": "Scribe ‘|norma=sinistra’ aut ‘|norma=dextera’ (vel ‘|norma=dextra’); si omittitur ‘|norma=sinistra’ legetur", "example": "dextra", "label": "Norma", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "dispositio": { "default": "verticalis", "description": "Scribe ‘|dispositio=horizontalis’ aut ‘|dispositio=verticalis’; si omittitur ‘|dispositio=verticalis’ legetur", "example": "horizontalis", "label": "Dispositio capsae", "required": false, "type": "string" } } }</templatedata> == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Phabricatores}} * [[:Categoria:Capsae usoris]] <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae in spatio nominali usoris adhibendae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae marginales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Capsae usoris|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> gx7fyf0lykzbwgbl9thebg4oa2hbauq 3974863 3974859 2026-07-27T01:55:54Z Grufo 64423 /* Ulteriora si cupis */ 3974863 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula numquam substituenda|...}} Si [[:mw:Phabricator|Phabricator]] semel vel saepius te vidit usorem aut ustricem, hanc formulam in tuo [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] ostendere potes. Paginae quae hanc formulam adhibent in [[:Categoria:Phabricatores]] numerantur. == De usu == '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus ([[sexus|sexu]] usoris sponte invento):''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|f}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|f|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|m}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|m|propositum=exhibitio}} |} == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Si Phabricator semel vel saepius te vidit usorem aut ustricem, hanc formulam in tuo spatio nominali ostendere potes.", "format": "inline", "params": { "1": { "default": "{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}}", "description": "Sexus usoris (si omittitur iussus MediaVicialis ‘{{GENDER}}’ legetur)", "example": "f", "label": "Sexus", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "2": { "default": "{{ROOTPAGENAME}}", "description": "Nomen usoris apud Phabricatorem", "example": "Tullius", "label": "Nomen usoris", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "norma": { "default": "sinistra", "description": "Scribe ‘|norma=sinistra’ aut ‘|norma=dextera’ (vel ‘|norma=dextra’); si omittitur ‘|norma=sinistra’ legetur", "example": "dextra", "label": "Norma", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "dispositio": { "default": "verticalis", "description": "Scribe ‘|dispositio=horizontalis’ aut ‘|dispositio=verticalis’; si omittitur ‘|dispositio=verticalis’ legetur", "example": "horizontalis", "label": "Dispositio capsae", "required": false, "type": "string" } } }</templatedata> == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Phabricatores}} * [[:Categoria:Capsae usoris]] * {{Fn|Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae in spatio nominali usoris adhibendae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae marginales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Capsae usoris|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 1mnj7r6h9v26mfadrzxhv9gwma5cv7v 3974869 3974863 2026-07-27T02:53:09Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem redintegravi 3974869 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula numquam substituenda|...}} Si [[:mw:Phabricator|Phabricator]] semel vel saepius te vidit usorem aut ustricem, hanc formulam in tuo [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] ostendere potes. Paginae quae hanc formulam adhibent in [[:Categoria:Phabricatores]] numerantur. == De usu == '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus ([[sexus|sexu]] usoris sponte invento):''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|f}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|f|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|m}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|m|propositum=exhibitio}} |} == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Si Phabricator semel vel saepius te vidit usorem aut ustricem, hanc formulam in tuo spatio nominali ostendere potes.", "format": "inline", "params": { "1": { "default": "{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}}", "description": "Sexus usoris (si omittitur iussus MediaVicialis ‘{{GENDER}}’ legetur)", "example": "f", "label": "Sexus", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "u": { "default": "{{ROOTPAGENAME}}", "description": "Nomen usoris apud Phabricatorem", "example": "Tullius", "label": "Nomen usoris", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "norma": { "default": "sinistra", "description": "Scribe ‘|norma=sinistra’ aut ‘|norma=dextera’ (vel ‘|norma=dextra’); si omittitur ‘|norma=sinistra’ legetur", "example": "dextra", "label": "Norma", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "dispositio": { "default": "verticalis", "description": "Scribe ‘|dispositio=horizontalis’ aut ‘|dispositio=verticalis’; si omittitur ‘|dispositio=verticalis’ legetur", "example": "horizontalis", "label": "Dispositio capsae", "required": false, "type": "string" } } }</templatedata> == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Phabricatores}} * [[:Categoria:Capsae usoris]] * {{Fn|Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae in spatio nominali usoris adhibendae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae marginales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Capsae usoris|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 8w0fl13is9nzbqz6g882qfjrrbo1tpj 3974872 3974869 2026-07-27T02:59:35Z Grufo 64423 3974872 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula numquam substituenda|...}} Si [[:mw:Phabricator|Phabricator]] semel vel saepius te vidit usorem aut ustricem, hanc formulam in tuo [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] ostendere potes. Paginae quae hanc formulam adhibent in [[:Categoria:Phabricatores]] numerantur. == De usu == '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus ([[sexus|sexu]] usoris sponte invento):''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|f}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|f|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|m}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {| |- | {{Phabricator hospitio me excepit|m|propositum=exhibitio}} |} == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Si Phabricator semel vel saepius te vidit usorem aut ustricem, hanc formulam in tuo spatio nominali ostendere potes.", "format": "inline", "params": { "1": { "label": "Sexus", "description": "Sexus usoris (si omittitur iussus MediaVicialis ‘{{GENDER}}’ legetur)", "type": "string", "required": false, "default": "{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}}", "example": "f" }, "u": { "label": "Nomen usoris", "description": "Nomen usoris apud Phabricatorem", "type": "string", "required": false, "default": "{{ROOTPAGENAME}}", "example": "Tullius" }, "norma": { "label": "Norma", "default": "sinistra", "description": "Scribe ‘|norma=sinistra’ aut ‘|norma=dextera’ (vel ‘|norma=dextra’); si omittitur ‘|norma=sinistra’ legetur", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "dextra" }, "dispositio": { "label": "Dispositio capsae", "description": "Scribe ‘|dispositio=horizontalis’ aut ‘|dispositio=verticalis’; si omittitur ‘|dispositio=verticalis’ legetur", "type": "string", "required": false, "default": "verticalis", "example": "horizontalis" } } }</templatedata> == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Phabricatores}} * [[:Categoria:Capsae usoris]] * {{Fn|Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae in spatio nominali usoris adhibendae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae marginales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Capsae usoris|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> grhz0srl495grecsjspbs2pb1uqlqu3 Roma, tue mentis oblita sanitate 0 324406 3974855 3955113 2026-07-27T00:51:53Z Grufo 64423 Minora 3974855 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus ad litteram}} {{Pagina principalis|Index Carminum Buranorum}} {{Carmen Carminum Buranorum | titulus = | imago = | descriptio = | categoria = | numerus = | auctor = | argumenta = | tempus = | lingua = | contextus = | praecedens = | sequens = }} {{lres|Roma, tue mentis oblita sanitate}} est initium [[carmen|carminis]] a [[Goliardia|discipulis vagantibus]] [[Latinitas medii aevi|Latine]] scripti, quod in codice [[Carmina Burana|Carminum Buranorum]] sub numero XLIII reperitur.<ref name="de-ammonitione-prelatorum-33-45">{{Opus | titulus = De ammonitione prelatorum 33-45 | url = https://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost13/CarminaBurana/bur_cmo4.html }}.</ref> == Textus == {{Versus numerati| Roma, tue mentis oblita sanitate desipis, cum resipis cordis tarditate. lampas caret oleo, male sed mercatur, sponsus + ut cum venerit, salus obumbratur, pietas nec audit superne civitatis, foris dum inclamitat vox calamitatis. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|2.}}O sedes apostolica, que vix latet, katholica, convertere! convertere! iam mundus languet opere. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|3.}}Perit lex, manet fex, bibit grex virus hoc letale; pastor cedit, lupus redit, morsu ledit permale. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|4.}}Claudicat ecclesia patribus orbata, sternitur iustitia capite truncata. princeps tenebrarum se sentit gloriari orbis fluxa, miseri student quem sectari. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|5.}}Ludit ad interitum rerum coniectura quodam vili scemate, docet ut natura. basem rei publice, sortem senatorum machina corrodit presentium malorum, de qua, † sed diviguit, stirpe solidatur, cuius et propagine solium letatur. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|6.}}O decus exaltabile, saluti collaudabile complectere! complectere! iam languet mundus opere. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|7.}}Sed cum sis plena vis, cedat lis, vitia premantur, orbe leto, tristi spreto iure freto pellantur! {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|8.}}Aruit spes estuans diuturnitate, secula iam pereunt imbecillitate, ordo principatus est mente discrepata volvitur † in serie mundo non piata. falso quoque veritas convincitur augurio, nec altus est in Israel fidem dans centurio.<ref name="de-ammonitione-prelatorum-33-45" /> }} == Descriptio == Hoc carmen, in sectione moralium et satiricorum comprehensum, acerrimam invectivam contra corruptionem moralem et spiritualem urbis [[Roma|Romae]] et [[Curia Romana|Curiae Romanae]] exhibet. Auctor [[Sancta Sedes|Sedem Apostolicam]] hortatur ut convertatur, deplorans statum [[Ecclesia Catholica|Ecclesiae]] ubi lex perit, iustitia sternitur, et pastores cedunt dum lupi (id est vitia vel mali rectores) gregem delacerant. Per metaphoras biblicas, sicut illam virginum fatuarum quarum lampades oleo carent, periculum damnationis et finem mundi propter hominum nequitiam imminere demonstratur.<ref name="de-ammonitione-prelatorum-33-45" /> In carmine non solum ecclesiastica sed etiam politica condicio tangitur, cum mentio fiat de ruina basis rei publicae et de malis quae solium corrodunt. Textus desinit cum tristi lamentatione de veritate amissa et de absentia fidei, asserens ne in [[Israël]] quidem inveniri centurio qui fidem servet, quod ad generalem mundi senectutem et imbecillitatem refertur.<ref name="de-ammonitione-prelatorum-33-45" /> ==Investigatio critica== Hoc carmen querelam exhibet de corruptione Ecclesiae Romanaeque Curiae deteriore condicione.<ref name="lehtonen-1995-p-153">{{qc|Lehtonen, 1995}}, p. 153.</ref> Argumentum, sermonem [[Biblia|biblicum]] redolens, quasi "vox clamantis in deserto" [[Roma|Romam]] ad paenitentiam adhortatur<ref name="lehtonen-1995-p-153" /> Auctor dolet in Ecclesia nil nisi faeces remansisse, eandemque a Patribus quasi orbatam esse.<ref name="lehtonen-1995-p-153" /> Propter acrem iudicium mundique contemptum, hoc carmen cum litteris [[Monachus|monasticis]] de {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Contemptus mundi|contemptu mundi|en|qid=Q5165044}} comparari potest, quamvis in sylloge saeculari conservatum sit.<ref name="lehtonen-1995-p-153" /> == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * {{Ecce citatio | id = Lehtonen, 1995 | c = {{Opus | cognomen = Lehtonen | nomen = Thomas Martinus Samuel | nomenclatura = compendiaria | titulus = Fortuna, Money, and the Sublunar World: Eleventh-century Ethical Thought as a Paradigm for Late Medieval Moral Philosophy | annus = 1995 | lingua = en | locus = [[Helsingia (Finnia)|Helsingiae]] | domus editoria = [[Societas Litterarum Finnicarum]] | isbn = 978-951-717-846-4 }} }} {{Carmina Burana}} [[Categoria:Index Carminum Buranorum]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae mediaevales]] 6oin547sb6ij73pm46mwa7kkb997wlj Babylonokia 0 324985 3974805 3974700 2026-07-26T17:22:27Z Grufo 64423 Nonnulla correxi, sed ulterior recensio proderit 3974805 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Delenda|No useful content. Out of project scope. AI-x-wiki spam <small>[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]]</small>|tempus=20260725195201|disputatio=petitio-temporis-20260725195201-vicipaediani}} {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:Babylonokia.jpg|thumb|''Babylonokia'']] {{ores|Babylonokia}}<ref>Etiam ''Babylon-Nokia,'' ''Alien-Mobile,'' et ''Cuneiform Mobile Phone'' appellatum.</ref> est [[opus artis]] a Carolo Weingärtner anno [[2012]]<ref name="orf.at">{{Opus | titulus = Angeblich “Alien-Handy” in Österreich entdeckt | tempus = 2015-12-31 | domus editoria = news.ORF.at | url = http://orf.at/stories/2316971/ }}.</ref> ex [[argilla]] confectum, tabella fictilis specie [[telephonum gestabile|telephoni gestabilis]], cuius claves et [[monitrum]] signis [[scriptura cuneiformis|cuneiformibus]] insignita sunt. Weingärtner hoc opus fecit, ut progressum communicationis ab antiquitate usque ad tempora nostra significaret.<ref name="orf.at" /> Postea fautores opinionum marginalium atque pseudoarchaeologiae<ref name="orf.at" /> imaginem operis falso pro invento archaeologico annorum octingentorum protulerunt;<ref name="Open Press Release">{{Opus | titulus = Centuries Old Cell-Phone Artifact Presents Modern Day Mystery | tempus = 2017-01-19 | domus editoria = openpr.com | url = http://www.openpr.com/news/416272/Centuries-Old-Cell-Phone-Artifact-Presents-Modern-Day-Mystery-Award-Winning-Author-Dana-Lyons-Sees-The-Possibilities-In-Such-An-Impossible-Scenario.html }}.</ref> haec narratio per pelliculam in canali YouTube “Paranormal Crucible”<ref name="huffpo">{{Opus | cognomen 1 = Moye | nomen 1 = David | titulus = Ancient Babylonian Cellphone Isn't Ancient, Babylonian Or A Phone | tempus = 2016-01-11 | domus editoria = HuffPost | url = https://huffingtonpost.com/entry/ancient-babylonian-nokia-isnt-ancient-babylonian-nor-a-nokia_us_568d70abe4b0c8beacf5630b | tempus inspectionis = 2017-01-03 }}.</ref> latius divulgata est atque nonnulla [[instrumenta divulgationis]] eam quasi rem arcanam rettulerunt.<ref>{{Opus | titulus = Is this an 800-year-old mobile phone? (Video) | annus = 2016 | mensis = 1 | domus editoria = Canada Journal - News of the World | url = http://canadajournal.net/science/is-this-an-800-year-old-mobile-phone-video-40526-2016/ }}.</ref> == Ars == Weingärtner tabellam fictilem specie telephoni gestabilis, signis cuneiformibus ornatam, confecit, tum impulsus exhibitione in Museo Communicationis Berolinensi habita, cui titulus erat “A scripturis cuneiformibus ad SMS: communicatio olim et hodie”, tum effectibus technologiae informaticae per orbem terrarum perniciosis.<ref name="orf.at" /> Scriptura cuneiformis initia informationis litteris traditae significat. Quamquam opus exemplar fictile telephoni gestabilis Ericsson S868,<ref name="truth">{{Opus | cognomen 1 = Martin | nomen 1 = Aaron | titulus = Archeologists Discover 800-Year-Old Cell Phone Tablet-Fiction! | tempus = 2016-01-05 | domus editoria = www.truthorfiction.com | url = https://www.truthorfiction.com/archeologists-discover-800-year-old-cell-phone-tablet/ | tempus inspectionis = 2017-01-03 }}.</ref> exemplaris [[decennium 200|decennii 200]], imitari videtur, hoc artifici propriam significationem non habebat; forma enim telephoni tantum utebatur velut imagine instrumentorum mobilium generatim.<ref name="Open Press Release" /> Opus unicum est atque apud ipsum artificem servatur. Rogatu museis ad exhibitiones commodari potest. Ex argilla confectum est.<ref name="huffpo" /> == Falsa repraesentatio == Weingärtner imaginem operis in Facebook publicavit, dum illud venale offerebat;<ref name="orf.at" /> tum quidam usor nomen “BabyloNokia” finxit.<ref name="orf.at" /> Triennio post, eadem imago in situ “Conspiracy Club” titulo “Telephonum mobile octingentorum annorum in Austria inventum? Vide hoc” edita est.<ref name="orf.at" /> “The Express” imaginem sine auctoris mentione adhibuit atque falso scripsit rem ad [[saeculum 13 a.C.n.]] referendam esse.<ref name="orf.at" /> De imagine a paginis opinionum marginalium et a diurnariis usurpata loquens, Weingärtner affirmavit eam sine sua scientia neque consensu adhibitam esse; addidit id sibi minime propositum fuisse, nec se UFO vel [[vita extraterrestris|vitae extraterrestri]] credere. De imagine a paginis opinionum marginalium et a diurnariis usurpata loquens, Weingärtner affirmavit eam sine sua scientia neque consensu adhibitam esse; addidit id sibi minime propositum fuisse, nec se UFO vel vitae extraterrestri credere.<ref name="huffpo" /> == Notae == <references/> {{NexInt}} * [[Nokia (societas)]] * [[Babylon]] [[Categoria:Ars]] [[Categoria:Cultura popularis]] [[Categoria:Telephona]] [[Categoria:Confecta 2012]] ssf6fssax0io8vkqouzhxkdw1ki3sa1 Formula:Nexus ad subformulam substituendam 10 325800 3974894 3966665 2026-07-27T04:02:48Z Grufo 64423 Formulam redintegravi 3974894 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | {{[[{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|abs|{{{1}}}}}|subst:{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:string|replace|source={{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|rel|{{{1}}}}}|pattern=^Formula:|replace=|count=1|plain=false}}]]}} | {{[[{{safesubst:<noinclude />FULLPAGENAME}}|.]]}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Nexus relativus Vicipaediae/doc}}</noinclude> afq74ono5qpzacvr9na6xbiw6hqh3ok 3974896 3974894 2026-07-27T04:04:02Z Grufo 64423 3974896 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | {{[[{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|abs|{{{1}}}}}|subst:{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:string|replace|source={{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|rel|{{{1}}}}}|pattern=^Formula:|replace=|count=1|plain=false}}]]}} | {{[[{{safesubst:<noinclude />FULLPAGENAME}}|subst:.]]}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Nexus relativus Vicipaediae/doc}}</noinclude> dq89dqu5d3vyvhmweh7nl919f7bg0a3 3974897 3974896 2026-07-27T04:04:29Z Grufo 64423 3974897 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | {{[[{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|abs|{{{1}}}}}|subst:{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:string|replace|source={{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|rel|{{{1}}}}}|pattern=^Formula:|replace=|count=1|plain=false}}]]}} | {{[[{{safesubst:<noinclude />FULLPAGENAME}}|subst:.]]}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Nexus relativus Vicipaediae/doc}}</noinclude> 06zoyo69t0hczlrcxbmya1548ghx5rp 3974902 3974897 2026-07-27T04:09:31Z Grufo 64423 Ad priorem recensionem reversus sum 3974902 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{[[{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|abs|{{{1|}}}}}|subst:{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:string|replace|source={{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:path|rel|{{{1|}}}}}|pattern=^Formula:|replace=|count=1|plain=false}}]]}}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|Formula:Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus/doc}}</noinclude> qgutlsbfy4c67clidsy109tmwb9ejtk Modulus:Params/doc/en/examples/informal tablebox/doc 828 326424 3974727 3969263 2026-07-26T12:18:11Z Grufo 64423 3974727 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Uses TemplateStyles|Module:Params/doc/examples/tablebox/styles.css}} {{Lua|Module:Params}} This example template shows how to use {{mfl|params|mapping_by_replacing}} to create an ''informal'' (unstructured) [[Template:Infobox|infobox]]-like template to be inserted directly in Wikipedia articles. : ''For a meta-template for creating '''structured''' infoboxes (based on <code>[[Module:Params#call_for_each_group|call_for_each_group]]</code>), see {{[[module:params/doc/examples/tablebox]]}}.'' == Usage == For instance, writing <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{module:params/doc/examples/informal tablebox | Lorem ipsum: Dolor sit amet | Consectetur: Adipiscing elit | ; Donec aliquam venenatis mi | : Nec euismod felis }}</syntaxhighlight> will generate <div style="clear: both;"></div> {{module:params/doc/examples/informal tablebox | Lorem ipsum: Dolor sit amet | Consectetur: Adipiscing elit | ; Donec aliquam venenatis mi | : Nec euismod felis }} <div style="clear: both;"></div> Whereas writing <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{module:params/doc/examples/informal tablebox | caption = Electron | ; General properties | Family: [[Lepton]] | [[Particle|Composition]]: [[Elementary particle]] | ; Physical properties | [[Mass]]: {{val|510.99895069|(16)|u=[[Electronvolt|keV]]&thinsp;[[Speed of light|c]]<sup>−2</sup>}}<br /><small>({{val|9.1093837139|(28)|e=-31|u=[[kilogram|kg]]}})</small> | [[Electric charge]]: {{val|-1.602176634|e=-19|u=[[coulomb (unit)|C]]}} | [[Color charge]]: ― | [[Spin (physics)|Spin]]: {{frac|1|2}} | [[Half-life|Stable]] | ; Lorem ipsum | : Dolor sit amet }}</syntaxhighlight> will generate <div style="clear: both;"></div> {{module:params/doc/examples/informal tablebox | caption = Electron | ; General properties | Family: [[Lepton]] | [[Particle|Composition]]: [[Elementary particle]] | ; Physical properties | [[Mass]]: {{val|510.99895069|(16)|u=[[Electronvolt|keV]]&thinsp;[[Speed of light|c]]<sup>−2</sup>}}<br /><small>({{val|9.1093837139|(28)|e=-31|u=[[kilogram|kg]]}})</small> | [[Electric charge]]: {{val|-1.602176634|e=-19|u=[[coulomb (unit)|C]]}} | [[Color charge]]: ― | [[Spin (physics)|Spin]]: {{frac|1|2}} | [[Half-life|Stable]] | ; Lorem ipsum | : Dolor sit amet }} <div style="clear: both;"></div> <includeonly>{{Sandbox other|| <!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --> }}</includeonly> gwu25kdfwx932v320k5z93uqktt0bq0 Modulus:Path/doc 828 326463 3974890 3973601 2026-07-27T03:54:44Z Grufo 64423 /* sub */ 3974890 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Non Latine}} {{Subpagina documentationis}} == De usu == <code><nowiki>{{</nowiki>#invoke:Path|''nomen functionis''<nowiki>}}</nowiki></code> == De functionibus == Moduli functiones hic numerantur. {{Nota bene|Note:}} In all functions the {{para|1}} argument can indifferently be a relative (i.e. beginning with <code>./</code> or <code>../</code> or <code>/</code>) or an absolute path. {{vsep}} === <code>abs</code> === The <code>abs</code> function parses the {{para|1}} argument and returns it as an absolute path. ==== Examples ==== * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{#invoke:path|abs|./example}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{#invoke:path|abs|./example}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{#invoke:path|abs|.}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{#invoke:path|abs|.}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{#invoke:path|abs|Wikipedia:Lua}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{#invoke:path|abs|Wikipedia:Lua}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{#invoke:path|abs}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{#invoke:path|abs}} {{vsep|1.5}} === <code>rel</code> === The <code>rel</code> function parses the {{para|1}} argument and returns it as a relative path. ==== Examples ==== * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{#invoke:path|rel|Modulus:Path/example}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{#invoke:path|rel|Modulus:Path/example}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{#invoke:path|rel|Modulus:Path}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{#invoke:path|rel|Modulus:Path}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{#invoke:path|rel|Wikipedia:Lua}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{#invoke:path|rel|Wikipedia:Lua}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{#invoke:path|rel}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{#invoke:path|rel}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Modulus:Path/example|{{#invoke:path|rel|Modulus:Path/example}}]]</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ [[Modulus:Path/example|{{#invoke:path|rel|Modulus:Path/example}}]] *:* See also {{tl|Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus}} {{vsep|1.5}} === <code>sub</code> === The <code>sub</code> function parses the {{para|1}} argument and returns it as a partial path with only the subpages shown. ==== Examples ==== * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{#invoke:path|sub|Modulus:Path/example}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{#invoke:path|sub|Modulus:Path/example}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{#invoke:path|sub|Modulus:Path}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{#invoke:path|sub|Modulus:Path}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{#invoke:path|sub|Wikipedia:Lua}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{#invoke:path|sub|Wikipedia:Lua}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{#invoke:path|sub}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{#invoke:path|sub}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>[[Modulus:Path/example|{{#invoke:path|sub|Modulus:Path/example}}]]</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ [[Modulus:Path/example|{{#invoke:path|sub|Modulus:Path/example}}]] : ''See also: {{tl|Nexus Vicipaedianus tacite relativus}}'' {{vsep}} == Ulteriora si cupis == * {{Tl|Nexus Vicipaedianus relativus}} * {{Tl|Nexus Vicipaedianus tacite relativus}} * {{Tl|Locus Vicipaedianus relativus}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Moduli|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Moduli in formulis adhibendi|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Moduli utilitatis generalis in formulis adhibendi|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> ic6zh7kpsolnm3eu9s5mfpil5vb89m0 Proelium Mactanense 0 326797 3974880 3973802 2026-07-27T03:31:00Z Jondel 452 3974880 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Magellans Ermordung.jpg|thumb|Opinabilis caedis Magellani adumbratio (1909).]] {{res|Proelium Mactanense}}{{Convertimus}} fuit [[proelium|pugna]] [[insula Mactan|Mactan]] in [[insula]] [[Philippinae|Philippinica]] die [[27 Aprilis]] [[1521]] gesta.<ref name="ap">{{Opus | titulus = Battle of Mactan (1521) | lingua = en | annus = 2011 | domus editoria = aboutph.com | url = http://aboutph.com/2010/05/battle-of-mactan-1521-2/ | retrospectio = 20131023232932 | salus url = obiit | tempus inspectionis = 2026-07-22 }}.</ref> Quae pugna qua [[incola]]e Philippinarum copias [[Magellanica]]s reppulerunt. Tum [[Ferdinandus Magellanus|Ferdinandus Magellanus]], qui [[Expeditio Magellanica|expeditioni Hispanicae]] praeerat, a [[miles|militibus]] principis [[Lapulapu]] victus atque occisus est.<ref name="ocampo-the-battle-of-mactan">{{Opus | cognomen auctoris = Ocampo | nomen auctoris = Ambeth Raymundo | titulus = The Battle of Mactan, according to Pigafetta | contextus = Philippine Daily Inquirer | tempus = 2019-07-03 05:03 | tempus usque ad = minutum | url = https://opinion.inquirer.net/122348/the-battle-of-mactan-according-to-pigafetta }}.</ref> == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Battle of Mactan|proelium Mactanense}} {{Hist-stipula}} [[Categoria:Hispania apud Philippinas]] [[Categoria:Philippinae]] [[Categoria:Proelia]] [[Categoria:1521]] oc7iixn6re4l9csqjjtjrufu8yuyjn0 3974881 3974880 2026-07-27T03:31:41Z Jondel 452 3974881 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Magellans Ermordung.jpg|thumb|Opinabilis caedis Magellani adumbratio (1909).]] {{res|Proelium Mactanense}}{{Convertimus}} fuit [[proelium|pugna]] [[insula Mactan|Mactan]] in [[insula]] [[Philippinae|Philippinica]] die [[27 Aprilis]] [[1521]] gesta.<ref name="ap">{{Opus | titulus = Battle of Mactan (1521) | lingua = en | annus = 2011 | domus editoria = aboutph.com | url = http://aboutph.com/2010/05/battle-of-mactan-1521-2/ | retrospectio = 20131023232932 | salus url = obiit | tempus inspectionis = 2026-07-22 }}.</ref> Quae pugna qua [[incola]]e Philippinarum copias [[Ferdinandus Magellanus|Magellanica]]s reppulerunt. Tum [[Ferdinandus Magellanus|Ferdinandus Magellanus]], qui [[Expeditio Magellanica|expeditioni Hispanicae]] praeerat, a [[miles|militibus]] principis [[Lapulapu]] victus atque occisus est.<ref name="ocampo-the-battle-of-mactan">{{Opus | cognomen auctoris = Ocampo | nomen auctoris = Ambeth Raymundo | titulus = The Battle of Mactan, according to Pigafetta | contextus = Philippine Daily Inquirer | tempus = 2019-07-03 05:03 | tempus usque ad = minutum | url = https://opinion.inquirer.net/122348/the-battle-of-mactan-according-to-pigafetta }}.</ref> == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Battle of Mactan|proelium Mactanense}} {{Hist-stipula}} [[Categoria:Hispania apud Philippinas]] [[Categoria:Philippinae]] [[Categoria:Proelia]] [[Categoria:1521]] qynmkd5kna7wajzo5tkxalrsjwcadkp 3974882 3974881 2026-07-27T03:33:22Z Jondel 452 3974882 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Magellans Ermordung.jpg|thumb|Opinabilis caedis Magellani adumbratio (1909).]] {{res|Proelium Mactanense}}{{Convertimus}} fuit [[proelium|pugna]] [[insula Mactan|Mactan]] in [[insula]] [[Philippinae|Philippinica]] die [[27 Aprilis]] [[1521]] gesta.<ref name="ap">{{Opus | titulus = Battle of Mactan (1521) | lingua = en | annus = 2011 | domus editoria = aboutph.com | url = http://aboutph.com/2010/05/battle-of-mactan-1521-2/ | retrospectio = 20131023232932 | salus url = obiit | tempus inspectionis = 2026-07-22 }}.</ref> Quae pugna qua copias principis Lapulapu copias [[Ferdinandus Magellanus|Magellanica]]s reppulerunt. Tum [[Ferdinandus Magellanus|Ferdinandus Magellanus]], qui [[Expeditio Magellanica|expeditioni Hispanicae]] praeerat, a [[miles|militibus]] principis [[Lapulapu]] victus atque occisus est.<ref name="ocampo-the-battle-of-mactan">{{Opus | cognomen auctoris = Ocampo | nomen auctoris = Ambeth Raymundo | titulus = The Battle of Mactan, according to Pigafetta | contextus = Philippine Daily Inquirer | tempus = 2019-07-03 05:03 | tempus usque ad = minutum | url = https://opinion.inquirer.net/122348/the-battle-of-mactan-according-to-pigafetta }}.</ref> == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Battle of Mactan|proelium Mactanense}} {{Hist-stipula}} [[Categoria:Hispania apud Philippinas]] [[Categoria:Philippinae]] [[Categoria:Proelia]] [[Categoria:1521]] koqht09hqiwkpg4m2r6zrn2zeohpasd 3974883 3974882 2026-07-27T03:34:18Z Jondel 452 3974883 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Magellans Ermordung.jpg|thumb|Opinabilis caedis Magellani adumbratio (1909).]] {{res|Proelium Mactanense}}{{Convertimus}} fuit [[proelium|pugna]] [[insula Mactan|Mactan]] in [[insula]] [[Philippinae|Philippinica]] die [[27 Aprilis]] [[1521]] gesta.<ref name="ap">{{Opus | titulus = Battle of Mactan (1521) | lingua = en | annus = 2011 | domus editoria = aboutph.com | url = http://aboutph.com/2010/05/battle-of-mactan-1521-2/ | retrospectio = 20131023232932 | salus url = obiit | tempus inspectionis = 2026-07-22 }}.</ref> Quae pugna qua copia principis Lapulapu copias [[Ferdinandus Magellanus|Magellanica]]s reppulerunt. Tum [[Ferdinandus Magellanus|Ferdinandus Magellanus]], qui [[Expeditio Magellanica|expeditioni Hispanicae]] praeerat, a [[miles|militibus]] principis [[Lapulapu]] victus atque occisus est.<ref name="ocampo-the-battle-of-mactan">{{Opus | cognomen auctoris = Ocampo | nomen auctoris = Ambeth Raymundo | titulus = The Battle of Mactan, according to Pigafetta | contextus = Philippine Daily Inquirer | tempus = 2019-07-03 05:03 | tempus usque ad = minutum | url = https://opinion.inquirer.net/122348/the-battle-of-mactan-according-to-pigafetta }}.</ref> == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Battle of Mactan|proelium Mactanense}} {{Hist-stipula}} [[Categoria:Hispania apud Philippinas]] [[Categoria:Philippinae]] [[Categoria:Proelia]] [[Categoria:1521]] 8cnmopoviubi6l15u5p1u6uwbkkji04 3974891 3974883 2026-07-27T03:57:37Z Jondel 452 3974891 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Magellans Ermordung.jpg|thumb|Opinabilis caedis Magellani adumbratio (1909).]] {{res|Proelium Mactanense}}{{Convertimus}} fuit [[proelium|pugna]] in [[insula]] [[insula Mactan|Mactan]] [[Philippinae|Philippinica]] die [[27 Aprilis]] [[1521]] gesta.<ref name="ap">{{Opus | titulus = Battle of Mactan (1521) | lingua = en | annus = 2011 | domus editoria = aboutph.com | url = http://aboutph.com/2010/05/battle-of-mactan-1521-2/ | retrospectio = 20131023232932 | salus url = obiit | tempus inspectionis = 2026-07-22 }}.</ref> Quae pugna qua copia principis Lapulapu copias [[Ferdinandus Magellanus|Magellanica]]s reppulerunt. Tum [[Ferdinandus Magellanus|Ferdinandus Magellanus]], qui [[Expeditio Magellanica|expeditioni Hispanicae]] praeerat, a [[miles|militibus]] principis [[Lapulapu]] victus atque occisus est.<ref name="ocampo-the-battle-of-mactan">{{Opus | cognomen auctoris = Ocampo | nomen auctoris = Ambeth Raymundo | titulus = The Battle of Mactan, according to Pigafetta | contextus = Philippine Daily Inquirer | tempus = 2019-07-03 05:03 | tempus usque ad = minutum | url = https://opinion.inquirer.net/122348/the-battle-of-mactan-according-to-pigafetta }}.</ref> == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Battle of Mactan|proelium Mactanense}} {{Hist-stipula}} [[Categoria:Hispania apud Philippinas]] [[Categoria:Philippinae]] [[Categoria:Proelia]] [[Categoria:1521]] pl24zutp25058vm8tjxyfmbj22iejxh Disputatio:Proelium Mactanense 1 326811 3974878 3974714 2026-07-27T03:26:25Z Jondel 452 /* De re inemica */ 3974878 wikitext text/x-wiki == Translated from the Simple English == Intended meaning:The Battle of Mactan was fought in the Philippines on April 27, 1521. It was the first time the Filipino people fought back against the Spanish invaders led by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan. Magellan was killed by Lapu-Lapu in the battle at Mactan Island. --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) [[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 01:33, 22 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Ok Jondel nunc Grufonis gratia res bene se habet. Vale--[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 12:38, 22 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Responsum tuum, gratias tibi ago.---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) :[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 07:31, 23 Iulii 2026 (UTC) == De re inemica == Gratias vobis ago Rufe, Marce, Iacobe conlationiis. Autem emendum est ut Europaei non erant hostes immo Hispanorum secundum acta. Velim ut ita emendetur vel mox ita emendabo.--- [[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 08:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : @[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]]: [[Carolus V (imperator)|Carolus V]] non erat rex Hispaniae tantum, sed [[Romanorum Imperator]]. [[:File:Habsburg Map 1547.jpg|Hoc]] fuit suum regnum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 10:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Num te perturbaret si deleatur quaestionem pugnam primum contra Europaeos (an contra Hispanos) gestam esse? Tantum pugnam cum copiis Magellani et Lapulapui gestam esse.---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 5454j64rb2k5fld5ezyo9vvxt4wd8ha 3974879 3974878 2026-07-27T03:28:40Z Jondel 452 /* De re inemica */ 3974879 wikitext text/x-wiki == Translated from the Simple English == Intended meaning:The Battle of Mactan was fought in the Philippines on April 27, 1521. It was the first time the Filipino people fought back against the Spanish invaders led by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan. Magellan was killed by Lapu-Lapu in the battle at Mactan Island. --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) [[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 01:33, 22 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Ok Jondel nunc Grufonis gratia res bene se habet. Vale--[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 12:38, 22 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Responsum tuum, gratias tibi ago.---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) :[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 07:31, 23 Iulii 2026 (UTC) == De re inemica == Gratias vobis ago Rufe, Marce, Iacobe conlationiis. Autem emendum est ut Europaei non erant hostes immo Hispanorum secundum acta. Velim ut ita emendetur vel mox ita emendabo.--- [[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 08:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : @[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]]: [[Carolus V (imperator)|Carolus V]] non erat rex Hispaniae tantum, sed [[Romanorum Imperator]]. [[:File:Habsburg Map 1547.jpg|Hoc]] fuit suum regnum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 10:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Num te perturbaret si deleatur quaestionem pugnam primum contra Europaeos (an contra Hispanos) gestam esse? Tantum pugnam cum copiis Magellani et Lapulapui gestam esse.---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) Reverte si tibi placeat. ---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) kil1iwrojqa5wm16tmrintxdm2nn0jh 3974884 3974879 2026-07-27T03:37:08Z Jondel 452 /* De re inemica */ 3974884 wikitext text/x-wiki == Translated from the Simple English == Intended meaning:The Battle of Mactan was fought in the Philippines on April 27, 1521. It was the first time the Filipino people fought back against the Spanish invaders led by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan. Magellan was killed by Lapu-Lapu in the battle at Mactan Island. --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) [[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 01:33, 22 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Ok Jondel nunc Grufonis gratia res bene se habet. Vale--[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 12:38, 22 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Responsum tuum, gratias tibi ago.---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) :[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 07:31, 23 Iulii 2026 (UTC) == De re inemica == Gratias vobis ago Rufe, Marce, Iacobe conlationiis. Autem emendum est ut Europaei non erant hostes immo Hispanorum secundum acta. Velim ut ita emendetur vel mox ita emendabo.--- [[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 08:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : @[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]]: [[Carolus V (imperator)|Carolus V]] non erat rex Hispaniae tantum, sed [[Romanorum Imperator]]. [[:File:Habsburg Map 1547.jpg|Hoc]] fuit suum regnum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 10:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Num te perturbaret si deleatur quaestionem pugnam primum contra Europaeos (an contra Hispanos) gestam esse? Tantum pugnam cum copiis Magellani et Lapulapui gestam esse.---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) Reverte si tibi placeat. ---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) Grufo, please don't insist that the battle is against the Europeans.--- 2mq4d3jmqsh8i8nczkat2saaw14u3pt 3974885 3974884 2026-07-27T03:37:29Z Jondel 452 /* De re inemica */ 3974885 wikitext text/x-wiki == Translated from the Simple English == Intended meaning:The Battle of Mactan was fought in the Philippines on April 27, 1521. It was the first time the Filipino people fought back against the Spanish invaders led by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan. Magellan was killed by Lapu-Lapu in the battle at Mactan Island. --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) [[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 01:33, 22 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Ok Jondel nunc Grufonis gratia res bene se habet. Vale--[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 12:38, 22 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Responsum tuum, gratias tibi ago.---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) :[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 07:31, 23 Iulii 2026 (UTC) == De re inemica == Gratias vobis ago Rufe, Marce, Iacobe conlationiis. Autem emendum est ut Europaei non erant hostes immo Hispanorum secundum acta. Velim ut ita emendetur vel mox ita emendabo.--- [[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 08:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : @[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]]: [[Carolus V (imperator)|Carolus V]] non erat rex Hispaniae tantum, sed [[Romanorum Imperator]]. [[:File:Habsburg Map 1547.jpg|Hoc]] fuit suum regnum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 10:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Num te perturbaret si deleatur quaestionem pugnam primum contra Europaeos (an contra Hispanos) gestam esse? Tantum pugnam cum copiis Magellani et Lapulapui gestam esse.---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) Reverte si tibi placeat. ---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) Grufo, please don't insist that the battle is against the Europeans.--- 1d7lybpep9v490ppwh2dv4v7sroeqnx 3974886 3974885 2026-07-27T03:37:50Z Jondel 452 /* De re inemica */ 3974886 wikitext text/x-wiki == Translated from the Simple English == Intended meaning:The Battle of Mactan was fought in the Philippines on April 27, 1521. It was the first time the Filipino people fought back against the Spanish invaders led by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan. Magellan was killed by Lapu-Lapu in the battle at Mactan Island. --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) [[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 01:33, 22 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Ok Jondel nunc Grufonis gratia res bene se habet. Vale--[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 12:38, 22 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Responsum tuum, gratias tibi ago.---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) :[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 07:31, 23 Iulii 2026 (UTC) == De re inemica == Gratias vobis ago Rufe, Marce, Iacobe conlationiis. Autem emendum est ut Europaei non erant hostes immo Hispanorum secundum acta. Velim ut ita emendetur vel mox ita emendabo.--- [[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 08:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : @[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]]: [[Carolus V (imperator)|Carolus V]] non erat rex Hispaniae tantum, sed [[Romanorum Imperator]]. [[:File:Habsburg Map 1547.jpg|Hoc]] fuit suum regnum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 10:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Num te perturbaret si deleatur quaestionem pugnam primum contra Europaeos (an contra Hispanos) gestam esse? Tantum pugnam cum copiis Magellani et Lapulapui gestam esse.---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) Reverte si tibi placeat. ---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) Grufo, please don't insist that the battle was against the Europeans.---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 7729b1ja7em0lkqysve90imupolqs1t De historia stirpium commentarii insignes 0 326880 3974755 3974214 2026-07-26T14:03:42Z Andrew Dalby 1084 3974755 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:Title page of Leonhart Fuchs' 'de Historia...' Wellcome L0035307.jpg|thumb|Titulus editionis primae (Wellcome Collection)]] {{ires|De historia stirpium commentarii insignes}} est liber botanicus a [[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharto Fuchsio]] [[Latine]] scriptus, anno [[1542]] [[Basilea]]e divulgatus. Annis insequentibus saepius Latine, bis [[Theodisce]] (1543, 1563), semel [[Batave]] (1543) impressus est. [[Lutetia]]e (1547) et [[Lugdunum|Lugduni]] (1558) [[Francogallice]] bis conversus est. Editiones plures Lugdunenses [[Latine]] proderunt. == Editiones et versiones == * 1542 : ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes''. Basileae: in officina Isingriniana; [https://archive.org/details/Dehistoriastirp00Fuch Textus apud Internet Archive]; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9127770v apud Gallica]; [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=gri.ark:/13960/t83k0tp34 apud Hathi Trust]; [https://cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/PR-SEL-00002-00081/7 apud Cantabrigienses]; [https://www.e-rara.ch/bau_1/content/titleinfo/543675 apud e-rara] * 1543 : (editio minor) ''New Kreüterbuoch, in welchem nit allein die gantz histori das ist namen gestalt statt und zeit der wachsung natur krafft und würckung des meysten theyls der Kreüter so in Teütschen unnd andern Landen wachsen mit dem besten vleiss beschriben sonder auch aller derselben wurtzel stengel bletter bluomen samen frücht und in summa die gantze gestalt allso artlich und kunstlich abgebildet und contrafayt ist''. Basileae: Isingrin; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb00017437 Textus apud Monacenses]; [https://www.e-rara.ch/bau_1/content/titleinfo/529405 apud e-rara] {{Google Books|1F5fAAAAcAAJ}} * 1543 : ''Den nieuwen herbarius, dat is, dboeck vanden cruyden''. Basileae: Isingrin; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb00024767 Textus apud Monacenses]; [https://www.e-rara.ch/bau_1/content/titleinfo/360629 apud e-rara] * 1546 : (editio sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes ... Leonharto Fuchsio medico clarissimo authore, multo quam antea castigiores ... accessit ... vocum difficilium ... explicatio, una cum triplici indice ...''. Parisiis: apud Maturinum Dupuys; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10192672 Textus apud Monacenses] * 1546 : (editio sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes ... Leonharto Fuchsio medico clarissimo authore, multo quam antea castigiores ... accessit ... vocum difficilium ... explicatio, una cum triplici indice ...''. Parisiis: apud Ioannem Roigny; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb11111597 Textus apud Monacenses] {{Google Books|bVe9KRIS3wAC}} * 1546 : (editio minor sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes ... Leonharto Fuchsio medico clarissimo authore ... accessit ... vocum difficilium ... explicatio, una cum triplici indice ...''. Parisiis: apud Iacobum Bogardum; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb11271986 Textus apud Monacenses] * 1547 : (editio minor sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes, Leonharto Fuchsio medico autore: accessit iis succincta vocum obscurarum ... explicatio, unà cum triplici indice ... adiecimus præterea indicem vulgarium seu Gallicarum dictionum, nunquam antehac excusum''. Lugduni: apud Gulielmum Gazellum; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k791732 Textus apud Gallica]; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10186503 apud Monacenses]. * 1547-1548 : Eloy Maignan, interpr., ''Commentaires tres excellens de l'hystoire des plantes, composez premierement en latin par Leonarth Fousch, medecin tres renommé, et depuis nouvellement traduictz en langue françoise par un homme scavant & bien expert en la matiere''. Lutetiae: Jacques Gazeau; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1040273v Textus apud Gallica] {{Google Books|R7v_Qq0bJwIC|editio 1549}} * 1549 : ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes, adiectis earundem vivis et ad naturae imitationem artificiose expressis imaginibus''. Lugduni: apud Balthazarem Arnolletum; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k525016 Textus apud Gallica] {{Google Books|3fWFctV3hWIC}} [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10192674 apud Monacenses]. -- [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k87023140 editio 1551 apud Gallica]; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb11271988 apud Monacenses] * 1555 : (editio minor sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes, Leonharto Fuchsio medico autore: accessit iis succincta vocum obscurarum ... explicatio, unà cum quintuplici indice ... ''. Lugduni: apud Ioan. Tornaesium et Gulielmum Gazeium; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10192678 Textus apud Monacenses] * 1557 : (editio minor, textu abbreviato) ''Historia de yervas y plantas de Leonardo Fuchsio Aleman, docto varon en medicina ... traducidas nuevamente en español ...'' En Anvers [Antwerpiae], en la Gallina gorda, por los herederos de Arnaldo Byrcman; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10192679 Textus apud Monacenses] * 1558 : [[Guillermus Gueroaldus|Guillaume Gueroult]], interpr., ''L'histoire des plantes, mis en commentaires par Léonart Fuschs ... et nouvellement traduict de latin en françoys, avec vraye observation de l'auteur''. Lugduni: Guillaume Rouille; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b86082904 Textus apud Gallica] * 1563 : ''New Kreuterbuch, in welchem nit allein die gantz histori, das ist, namen, gestalt, statt und zeit der wachsung ... des meysten theyls der Kreuter so in Teutschen und andern Landen wachsen, ... beschriben, sonder auch aller derselben wurtzel, stengel, ... abgebildet und contrafayt ist''. Basileae: Isingrin ; [https://www.e-rara.ch/zut/content/titleinfo/13591478 Textus apud e-rara] * 1575 : Guillaume Gueroult, interpr., ''L'histoire des plantes reduicte en tres bon ordre, augmentée de plusieurs simples ... et illustrée par les commentaires de Leonarth Fusch ...''. Lugduni: par Charles Pesnot {{Google Books|IgZfAAAAcAAJ}} * 1999 : Frederick Meyer, Emily Trueblood, John Heller, edd., ''The Great Herbal of Leonhart Fuchs: De Historia Stirpium Commentarii Insignes, 1542: Vol 1 & 2''. Stanford Californiae: Stanford University Press * 2001 : Klaus Dobat, Werner Dressendorfer, edd., ''Leonhart Fuchs: The New Herbal of 1543''. Taschen == Nexus externi == * [http://special.lib.gla.ac.uk/exhibns/month/oct2002.html De hoc libro et auctore] apud bibliothecam Universitatis Glasguensis [[Categoria:Scripta 1542]] [[Categoria:Germaniae scripta]] [[Categoria:Helvetiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae Renascentes]] [[Categoria:Libri botanici]] [[Categoria:Libri picti]] dm3tl71tz6385ayed03sx2zwfom6u8v 3974767 3974755 2026-07-26T14:31:22Z Andrew Dalby 1084 3974767 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:Title page of Leonhart Fuchs' 'de Historia...' Wellcome L0035307.jpg|thumb|Titulus editionis primae (Wellcome Collection)]] {{ires|De historia stirpium commentarii insignes}} est liber botanicus a [[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharto Fuchsio]] [[Latine]] scriptus, anno [[1542]] [[Basilea]]e divulgatus. Annis insequentibus saepius Latine, bis [[Theodisce]] (1543, 1563), semel [[Batave]] (1543) impressus est. [[Lutetia]]e (1547) et [[Lugdunum|Lugduni]] (1558) [[Francogallice]] bis conversus est. Editiones plures Lugdunenses [[Latine]] proderunt. == Editiones et versiones == [[Fasciculus:Fuchs Maignan translation 1547 tp.jpeg|thumb|Titulus versionis primae Francogallicae, ab Eligio Maignan factae, Lutetiae anno 1547 divulgatae]] [[Fasciculus:Fuchs Gueroult translation 1558 tp.jpeg|thumb|Titulus versionis alterius Francogallicae, a Guillermo Gueroaldo factae, Lugduni anno 1558 divulgatae]] * 1542 : ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes''. Basileae: in officina Isingriniana; [https://archive.org/details/Dehistoriastirp00Fuch Textus apud Internet Archive]; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9127770v apud Gallica]; [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=gri.ark:/13960/t83k0tp34 apud Hathi Trust]; [https://cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/PR-SEL-00002-00081/7 apud Cantabrigienses]; [https://www.e-rara.ch/bau_1/content/titleinfo/543675 apud e-rara] * 1543 : (editio minor) ''New Kreüterbuoch, in welchem nit allein die gantz histori das ist namen gestalt statt und zeit der wachsung natur krafft und würckung des meysten theyls der Kreüter so in Teütschen unnd andern Landen wachsen mit dem besten vleiss beschriben sonder auch aller derselben wurtzel stengel bletter bluomen samen frücht und in summa die gantze gestalt allso artlich und kunstlich abgebildet und contrafayt ist''. Basileae: Isingrin; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb00017437 Textus apud Monacenses]; [https://www.e-rara.ch/bau_1/content/titleinfo/529405 apud e-rara] {{Google Books|1F5fAAAAcAAJ}} * 1543 : ''Den nieuwen herbarius, dat is, dboeck vanden cruyden''. Basileae: Isingrin; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb00024767 Textus apud Monacenses]; [https://www.e-rara.ch/bau_1/content/titleinfo/360629 apud e-rara] * 1546 : (editio sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes ... Leonharto Fuchsio medico clarissimo authore, multo quam antea castigiores ... accessit ... vocum difficilium ... explicatio, una cum triplici indice ...''. Parisiis: apud Maturinum Dupuys; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10192672 Textus apud Monacenses] * 1546 : (editio sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes ... Leonharto Fuchsio medico clarissimo authore, multo quam antea castigiores ... accessit ... vocum difficilium ... explicatio, una cum triplici indice ...''. Parisiis: apud Ioannem Roigny; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb11111597 Textus apud Monacenses] {{Google Books|bVe9KRIS3wAC}} * 1546 : (editio minor sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes ... Leonharto Fuchsio medico clarissimo authore ... accessit ... vocum difficilium ... explicatio, una cum triplici indice ...''. Parisiis: apud Iacobum Bogardum; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb11271986 Textus apud Monacenses] * 1547 : (editio minor sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes, Leonharto Fuchsio medico autore: accessit iis succincta vocum obscurarum ... explicatio, unà cum triplici indice ... adiecimus præterea indicem vulgarium seu Gallicarum dictionum, nunquam antehac excusum''. Lugduni: apud Gulielmum Gazellum; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k791732 Textus apud Gallica]; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10186503 apud Monacenses]. * 1547-1548 : Eloy Maignan, interpr., ''Commentaires tres excellens de l'hystoire des plantes, composez premierement en latin par Leonarth Fousch, medecin tres renommé, et depuis nouvellement traduictz en langue françoise par un homme scavant & bien expert en la matiere''. Lutetiae: Jacques Gazeau; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1040273v Textus apud Gallica] {{Google Books|R7v_Qq0bJwIC|editio 1549}} * 1549 : ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes, adiectis earundem vivis et ad naturae imitationem artificiose expressis imaginibus''. Lugduni: apud Balthazarem Arnolletum; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k525016 Textus apud Gallica] {{Google Books|3fWFctV3hWIC}} [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10192674 apud Monacenses]. -- [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k87023140 editio 1551 apud Gallica]; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb11271988 apud Monacenses] * 1555 : (editio minor sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes, Leonharto Fuchsio medico autore: accessit iis succincta vocum obscurarum ... explicatio, unà cum quintuplici indice ... ''. Lugduni: apud Ioan. Tornaesium et Gulielmum Gazeium; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10192678 Textus apud Monacenses] * 1557 : (editio minor, textu abbreviato) ''Historia de yervas y plantas de Leonardo Fuchsio Aleman, docto varon en medicina ... traducidas nuevamente en español ...'' En Anvers [Antwerpiae], en la Gallina gorda, por los herederos de Arnaldo Byrcman; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10192679 Textus apud Monacenses] * 1558 : [[Guillermus Gueroaldus|Guillaume Gueroult]], interpr., ''L'histoire des plantes, mis en commentaires par Léonart Fuschs ... et nouvellement traduict de latin en françoys, avec vraye observation de l'auteur''. Lugduni: Guillaume Rouille; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b86082904 Textus apud Gallica] * 1563 : ''New Kreuterbuch, in welchem nit allein die gantz histori, das ist, namen, gestalt, statt und zeit der wachsung ... des meysten theyls der Kreuter so in Teutschen und andern Landen wachsen, ... beschriben, sonder auch aller derselben wurtzel, stengel, ... abgebildet und contrafayt ist''. Basileae: Isingrin ; [https://www.e-rara.ch/zut/content/titleinfo/13591478 Textus apud e-rara] * 1575 : Guillaume Gueroult, interpr., ''L'histoire des plantes reduicte en tres bon ordre, augmentée de plusieurs simples ... et illustrée par les commentaires de Leonarth Fusch ...''. Lugduni: par Charles Pesnot {{Google Books|IgZfAAAAcAAJ}} * 1999 : Frederick Meyer, Emily Trueblood, John Heller, edd., ''The Great Herbal of Leonhart Fuchs: De Historia Stirpium Commentarii Insignes, 1542: Vol 1 & 2''. Stanford Californiae: Stanford University Press * 2001 : Klaus Dobat, Werner Dressendorfer, edd., ''Leonhart Fuchs: The New Herbal of 1543''. Taschen == Nexus externi == * [http://special.lib.gla.ac.uk/exhibns/month/oct2002.html De hoc libro et auctore] apud bibliothecam Universitatis Glasguensis [[Categoria:Scripta 1542]] [[Categoria:Germaniae scripta]] [[Categoria:Helvetiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae Renascentes]] [[Categoria:Libri botanici]] [[Categoria:Libri picti]] dpo4igf5swt3oiv3rbgtqyjnhtu1v9d 3974775 3974767 2026-07-26T15:08:44Z Andrew Dalby 1084 3974775 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:Title page of Leonhart Fuchs' 'de Historia...' Wellcome L0035307.jpg|thumb|Titulus editionis primae (Wellcome Collection)]] {{ires|De historia stirpium commentarii insignes}} est liber botanicus a [[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharto Fuchsio]] [[Latine]] scriptus, anno [[1542]] [[Basilea]]e divulgatus. Annis insequentibus saepius Latine, bis [[Theodisce]] (1543, 1563), semel [[Batave]] (1543) impressus est. [[Lutetia]]e (1547) et [[Lugdunum|Lugduni]] (1558) [[Francogallice]] bis conversus est. Editiones plures Lugdunenses [[Latine]] proderunt. == Editiones et versiones == [[Fasciculus:Fuchs Maignan translation 1547 tp.jpeg|thumb|Titulus versionis primae Francogallicae, ab Eligio Maignan factae, Lutetiae anno 1547 divulgatae]] [[Fasciculus:Fuchs Gueroult translation 1558 tp.jpeg|thumb|Titulus versionis alterius Francogallicae, a Guillermo Gueroaldo factae, Lugduni anno 1558 divulgatae]] * 1542 : ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes''. Basileae: in officina Isingriniana; [https://archive.org/details/Dehistoriastirp00Fuch Textus apud Internet Archive]; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9127770v apud Gallica]; [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=gri.ark:/13960/t83k0tp34 apud Hathi Trust]; [https://cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/PR-SEL-00002-00081/7 apud Cantabrigienses]; [https://www.e-rara.ch/bau_1/content/titleinfo/543675 apud e-rara] * 1543 : (editio minor) ''New Kreüterbuoch, in welchem nit allein die gantz histori das ist namen gestalt statt und zeit der wachsung natur krafft und würckung des meysten theyls der Kreüter so in Teütschen unnd andern Landen wachsen mit dem besten vleiss beschriben sonder auch aller derselben wurtzel stengel bletter bluomen samen frücht und in summa die gantze gestalt allso artlich und kunstlich abgebildet und contrafayt ist''. Basileae: Isingrin; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb00017437 Textus apud Monacenses]; [https://www.e-rara.ch/bau_1/content/titleinfo/529405 apud e-rara] {{Google Books|1F5fAAAAcAAJ}} * 1543 : ''Den nieuwen herbarius, dat is, dboeck vanden cruyden''. Basileae: Isingrin; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb00024767 Textus apud Monacenses]; [https://www.e-rara.ch/bau_1/content/titleinfo/360629 apud e-rara] * 1546 : (editio sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes ... Leonharto Fuchsio medico clarissimo authore, multo quam antea castigiores ... accessit ... vocum difficilium ... explicatio, una cum triplici indice ...''. Parisiis: apud Maturinum Dupuys; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10192672 Textus apud Monacenses] * 1546 : (editio sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes ... Leonharto Fuchsio medico clarissimo authore, multo quam antea castigiores ... accessit ... vocum difficilium ... explicatio, una cum triplici indice ...''. Parisiis: apud Ioannem Roigny; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb11111597 Textus apud Monacenses] {{Google Books|bVe9KRIS3wAC}} * 1546 : (editio minor sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes ... Leonharto Fuchsio medico clarissimo authore ... accessit ... vocum difficilium ... explicatio, una cum triplici indice ...''. Parisiis: apud Iacobum Bogardum; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb11271986 Textus apud Monacenses] * 1547 : (editio minor sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes, Leonharto Fuchsio medico autore: accessit iis succincta vocum obscurarum ... explicatio, unà cum triplici indice ... adiecimus præterea indicem vulgarium seu Gallicarum dictionum, nunquam antehac excusum''. Lugduni: apud Gulielmum Gazellum; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k791732 Textus apud Gallica]; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10186503 apud Monacenses]. * 1547-1548 : Eloy Maignan, interpr., ''Commentaires tres excellens de l'hystoire des plantes, composez premierement en latin par Leonarth Fousch, medecin tres renommé, et depuis nouvellement traduictz en langue françoise par un homme scavant & bien expert en la matiere''. Lutetiae: Jacques Gazeau; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1040273v Textus apud Gallica] {{Google Books|R7v_Qq0bJwIC|editio 1549}} * 1549 : ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes, adiectis earundem vivis et ad naturae imitationem artificiose expressis imaginibus''. Lugduni: apud Balthazarem Arnolletum; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k525016 Textus apud Gallica] {{Google Books|3fWFctV3hWIC}} [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10192674 apud Monacenses]. -- [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k87023140 editio 1551 apud Gallica]; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb11271988 apud Monacenses] * 1555 : (editio minor sine imaginibus) ''De historia stirpium commentarii insignes, Leonharto Fuchsio medico autore: accessit iis succincta vocum obscurarum ... explicatio, unà cum quintuplici indice ... ''. Lugduni: apud Ioan. Tornaesium et Gulielmum Gazeium; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10192678 Textus apud Monacenses] * 1557 : (editio minor, textu abbreviato) ''Historia de yervas y plantas de Leonardo Fuchsio Aleman, docto varon en medicina ... traducidas nuevamente en español ...'' En Anvers [Antwerpiae], en la Gallina gorda, por los herederos de Arnaldo Byrcman; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10192679 Textus apud Monacenses] * 1558 : [[Gulielmus Gueroult|Guillaume Gueroult]], interpr., ''L'histoire des plantes, mis en commentaires par Léonart Fuschs ... et nouvellement traduict de latin en françoys, avec vraye observation de l'auteur''. Lugduni: Guillaume Rouille; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b86082904 Textus apud Gallica] * 1563 : ''New Kreuterbuch, in welchem nit allein die gantz histori, das ist, namen, gestalt, statt und zeit der wachsung ... des meysten theyls der Kreuter so in Teutschen und andern Landen wachsen, ... beschriben, sonder auch aller derselben wurtzel, stengel, ... abgebildet und contrafayt ist''. Basileae: Isingrin ; [https://www.e-rara.ch/zut/content/titleinfo/13591478 Textus apud e-rara] * 1575 : Guillaume Gueroult, interpr., ''L'histoire des plantes reduicte en tres bon ordre, augmentée de plusieurs simples ... et illustrée par les commentaires de Leonarth Fusch ...''. Lugduni: par Charles Pesnot {{Google Books|IgZfAAAAcAAJ}} * 1999 : Frederick Meyer, Emily Trueblood, John Heller, edd., ''The Great Herbal of Leonhart Fuchs: De Historia Stirpium Commentarii Insignes, 1542: Vol 1 & 2''. Stanford Californiae: Stanford University Press * 2001 : Klaus Dobat, Werner Dressendorfer, edd., ''Leonhart Fuchs: The New Herbal of 1543''. Taschen == Nexus externi == * [http://special.lib.gla.ac.uk/exhibns/month/oct2002.html De hoc libro et auctore] apud bibliothecam Universitatis Glasguensis [[Categoria:Scripta 1542]] [[Categoria:Germaniae scripta]] [[Categoria:Helvetiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae Renascentes]] [[Categoria:Libri botanici]] [[Categoria:Libri picti]] s790fvjpmlug7au839rxsozqwuotclk Les Quatre cents coups (pellicula 1959) 0 326890 3974923 3974567 2026-07-27T10:00:22Z Neander 1973 3974923 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus|lingua=fr}} {{Pellicula | Imago = JeanPierreLeaud-StudioHarcourt-1959.png | Titulus = ''Les Quatre Cents Coups'' | Latinus titulus = Artificiis districtus | Annus = [[1959]] | Moderator = [[Franciscus Truffaut]] | Scriptor = [[Franciscus Truffaut]] | Actores = {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ioannes Petrus Léaud||en|qid=Q295834}} | Compositor = | Duratio = 99 minuta | Lingua = [[Lingua Francogallica|Francogallica]] }} {{ores|Les Quatre cents coups|lingua=fr}} (‘Artificiis districtus’<ref>Titulus pelliculae ad verborum significationem ‘quadringenta artificia’ converti potest, sed quia {{idioma|faire les quatre cents coups|lingua=fr}} [[idioma]] est, quod potius fere ‘sescenta artificia committere’ significat, titulum Latinum ad sensum reddidimus.</ref>) est pellicula [[Francia|Francica]] a [[Franciscus Truffaut|Francisco Truffaut]] anno [[1959]] disposita, et quidem prima taenia ab eodem facta. Prima persona ({{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Antonius Doinel (persona)|Antonius Doinel|en|qid=Q21562043}}) ab {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ioannes Petrus Léaud|Ioanne Petro Léaud|en|qid=Q295834}} sustenta est. Quae pellicula ex sua parte originem [[Nova unda Francica|Novae undae Francicae]] significavit. Dedicata est {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Andreas Bazin|Andreae Bazin|en|qid=Q362544}}, conditori ephemeridis {{Op|{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Cahiers du cinéma||fr|qid=Q909176}}|lingua=fr}}. In pellicula Truffaut partim de eventis vitae suae et amicorum refert. Praesertim memorabilis est scaena mutuata a {{Op|{{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Zéro de conduite||fr|qid=Q613216}}|lingua=fr}}, pellicula classica ab {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Ioannes Vigo|Ioanne Vigo|fr|qid=Q55395}} anno [[1933]] disposita. == Argumentum == Antonius puer Francicus est, iuvenis tredecim annorum, qui et in schola et domi molestias incommoditatesque habet. Magistri eum velut [[caper emissarius|emissarium]] reprehendunt et puniunt. Mater eum insolenter aspernatur frigideque tractat, et saepe cum marito suo, Antonii [[vitricus|vitrico]], rixatur. Antonius mox detegit matrem cum collega adulteria exercere. Familia in gravibus angustiis pecuniariis versatur, et Antonius in {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|saccus dormitorius|sacco dormitorio|en|qid=Q214638}} in lecto iuxta aditum aedificii posito dormire debet. Artificia puerilia committit saepe ab amico suo Renato incitatus, sed post singula quaeque facinora deprehensus punitur. Postremo machinam scriptoriam e patris officina furatur, eam pignoraturus. Antonius et Renatus in pignorandi conatibus non succedunt. Itaque Antonius ad officium redit, ut machinam reddat, sed ab ianitore comprehenditur. Demum a vitrico ad vigiles ducitur. Comprehensus ad iudicem carceris (''juge d'instruction'') ducitur, qui eum insanabilem iudicat. Mater petit, ut Antonius ad [[castra operaria]] mittatur, quia numquam antea mare vidisset. Antonius autem cum psychiatro centri detentionis conloquens narrat se maximam partem pueritiae suae cum avia egisse, cum mater ei providere nollet. Immo, liberis omnino infesta [[abortus|abortum]] paravisse. Antonio postremo e castris effugere contingit, quo facto ad mare currit. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Les Quatre Cents Coups|Les Quatre cents coups}} * {{Titulus in Indice Interretiali Pellicularum|0053198}} [[Categoria:Pelliculae 1959]] 0lcm01igs3jm8mz4m18jg56f55iqgkl De insulis nuper inventis 0 326897 3974810 3974634 2026-07-26T18:52:21Z Andrew Dalby 1084 titulus saepius usitatus 3974810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:Carta Colon 1493 manuscrito Simancas.JPG|thumb|1. Manuscriptum epistulae anno 1493, manu haud Columbi, fortasse Ludovici de Sancto Angelo]] Epistula {{ores|De insulis nuper inventis}} (titulo variis modis in editionibus dato) a [[Christophorus Columbus|Christophoro Columbo]] scripta est. Huius documenti ultima verba die [[14 Februarii]] [[1493]] inseruit dum navis prope [[Insula Sanctae Mariae (Azores)|insulam S. Mariae]] archipelagi [[Azores|Azorum]] iacebat. De sito aut incertus aut incertitudinem fingens "[[insulae Canariae|insulas Canarias]]" iuxta subscriptionem posuit: haec enim insulae [[regnum Castellae|regno Castellae]], [[Azores]] regno [[Portugallia|Portugallensi]] pertinebant. Epistulam cancellario [[Ludovicus de Sancto Angelo|Ludovico de Sancto Angelo]] direxit: dum navis iuxta {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Restelo||pt|qid=Q10359913}} [[Olisipo]]nis morabat ad aulam regum catholicorum commisit. == Bibliographia == ; Editiones versionesque priscae [[Fasciculus:De insulis nuper inventis.jpg|thumb|2. Prima pagina editionis Latinae [[Roma]]e mense Maio 1493 divulgatae]] [[Fasciculus:ColumbusLetter Basel first.jpg|thumb|3. Titulus vel frontispicium editionis Latinae [[Basilea]]e anno 1493 divulgatae]] [[Fasciculus:Houghton Inc 7988 - title.jpg|thumb|4. Titulus vel frontispicium editionis Latinae [[Lutetia]]e anno fere 1493 divulgatae]] * 1493 mense Aprili : Epistola Hispanice scripta, incipit ''Señor, por que se''. Barcinone: Johann Rosenbach; [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044004509063 Fac-simile apud Hathi Trust] * 1493 mense Maio : Aliander de Cosco, interpr., ''De insulis nuper inventis: epistola Christofori Colom, cui etas nostra multum debet ...''. Romae: Stephan Plannck (vide imaginem 2. nostram) * 1493 paulo tardius : Aliander de Cosco, interpr., ''De insulis nuper inventis: epistola Christofori Colom, cui etas nostra multũ debet ...''. Romae; [https://web.archive.org/web/20130603062615/http://content.wdl.org/90/service/90.pdf Fac-simile apud Wayback Machine] * 1493 : ''De insulis inventis: epistola Cristoferi Colom, cui etas nostra multũ debet ...''. Basileae; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb00026585 Textus apud Monacenses] * c. 1493 : ''In laudem serenissimi Ferdinandi Hispaniae regis ... et de insulis in mari Indico nuper repertis''. Basileae (vide imaginem 3. nostram); [https://web.archive.org/web/20150907014932/http://dl.wdl.org/625/service/625.pdf exemplar .pdf] * c. 1493 : ''Epistola de insulis noviter repertis''. Parisiis: in Campo Gaillardi (vide imaginem 4. nostram) * 1497 : Versio Theodisce facta, [[Ulma]]e divulgata; [[:File:Katilonischen.jpg|Colophon huius editionis]] ; Editiones versionesque recentes * 1892 : Wilberforce Eames, ed., ''The Letter of Columbus on the Discovery of America''. Novi Eboraci: Lenox Library; [https://archive.org/details/letterofcolumbus00colum Textus apud Internet Archive] * 1893 : ''The Spanish Letter of Columbus'' (editio fac-simile cum versione Anglica). Londinii: Bernard Quaritch {{Google Books|NPXCTYxu-R4C}} [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044004509063 Textus apud Hathi Trust]) * 1963 : Samuel Eliot Morison, interpr., ''Journals and other documents on the life and voyages of Christopher Columbus''. Novi Eboraci [https://archive.org/details/journalsdocumentscolumbus Textus] apud ''Internet Archive'' * 1966 : Frank E. Robbins, ed., ''Christopher Columbus: Epistola de insulis nuper inventis''. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms * 1982 : Consuelo Varela, ed., ''Cristóbal Colón: Textos y documentos completos''. Matriti: Alianza Editorial * 1992 : Consuelo Varela, Juan Gil, edd., ''Cristóbal Colón: Textos y documentos completos; Nuevas cartas''. Matriti: Alianza Editorial * 2006 : ''Kolumbus: Der erste Brief aus der Neuen Welt.'' Stutgardiae: Reclam, 2006. (editio versionis Latinae cum interpretatione Theodisca, titulo Latino: ''De insulis nuper in mari Indico repertis'') ([https://web.archive.org/web/20110821021624/http://www.ralf-schoenbach.de/index.php?option=com_remository&Itemid=29&func=fileinfo&id=24 Versio interretialis]) ; Eruditio * Rebecca Catz, "Columbus in the Azores" in Portuguese Studies vol. 6 (1990) pp. 17–23 * Samuel Eliot Morison, ''Admiral of the Ocean Sea'' (Bostoniae, 1949) pp. 322-323, 375-380 == Nexus externi == * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20130606004635/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/90/ Epistola Christofori Colom: cui etas nostra multum debet: de insulis Indiae supra Gangem nuper inventis]" (1493) apud ''World Digital Library''; [https://web.archive.org/web/20130605185545/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/2828/ alia editio] ibidem * ''[http://purl.pt/24139 Epistola de insulis nuper inventis]'' (Romae, 1493) apud Bibliothecam Nationalem Portugallensem [[Categoria:Christophorus Columbus]] [[Categoria:Epistulae]] [[Categoria:Scripta 1493]] [[Categoria:Litterae Hispanicae]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latine versae]] kkdb0f231qm7gjtnbnkkj9sc441i8ni 3974811 3974810 2026-07-26T18:52:50Z Andrew Dalby 1084 Andrew Dalby movit paginam [[Epistola de insulis nuper inventis]] ad [[De insulis nuper inventis]] praeter redirectionem: titulus saepius usitatus 3974810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} [[Fasciculus:Carta Colon 1493 manuscrito Simancas.JPG|thumb|1. Manuscriptum epistulae anno 1493, manu haud Columbi, fortasse Ludovici de Sancto Angelo]] Epistula {{ores|De insulis nuper inventis}} (titulo variis modis in editionibus dato) a [[Christophorus Columbus|Christophoro Columbo]] scripta est. Huius documenti ultima verba die [[14 Februarii]] [[1493]] inseruit dum navis prope [[Insula Sanctae Mariae (Azores)|insulam S. Mariae]] archipelagi [[Azores|Azorum]] iacebat. De sito aut incertus aut incertitudinem fingens "[[insulae Canariae|insulas Canarias]]" iuxta subscriptionem posuit: haec enim insulae [[regnum Castellae|regno Castellae]], [[Azores]] regno [[Portugallia|Portugallensi]] pertinebant. Epistulam cancellario [[Ludovicus de Sancto Angelo|Ludovico de Sancto Angelo]] direxit: dum navis iuxta {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Restelo||pt|qid=Q10359913}} [[Olisipo]]nis morabat ad aulam regum catholicorum commisit. == Bibliographia == ; Editiones versionesque priscae [[Fasciculus:De insulis nuper inventis.jpg|thumb|2. Prima pagina editionis Latinae [[Roma]]e mense Maio 1493 divulgatae]] [[Fasciculus:ColumbusLetter Basel first.jpg|thumb|3. Titulus vel frontispicium editionis Latinae [[Basilea]]e anno 1493 divulgatae]] [[Fasciculus:Houghton Inc 7988 - title.jpg|thumb|4. Titulus vel frontispicium editionis Latinae [[Lutetia]]e anno fere 1493 divulgatae]] * 1493 mense Aprili : Epistola Hispanice scripta, incipit ''Señor, por que se''. Barcinone: Johann Rosenbach; [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044004509063 Fac-simile apud Hathi Trust] * 1493 mense Maio : Aliander de Cosco, interpr., ''De insulis nuper inventis: epistola Christofori Colom, cui etas nostra multum debet ...''. Romae: Stephan Plannck (vide imaginem 2. nostram) * 1493 paulo tardius : Aliander de Cosco, interpr., ''De insulis nuper inventis: epistola Christofori Colom, cui etas nostra multũ debet ...''. Romae; [https://web.archive.org/web/20130603062615/http://content.wdl.org/90/service/90.pdf Fac-simile apud Wayback Machine] * 1493 : ''De insulis inventis: epistola Cristoferi Colom, cui etas nostra multũ debet ...''. Basileae; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb00026585 Textus apud Monacenses] * c. 1493 : ''In laudem serenissimi Ferdinandi Hispaniae regis ... et de insulis in mari Indico nuper repertis''. Basileae (vide imaginem 3. nostram); [https://web.archive.org/web/20150907014932/http://dl.wdl.org/625/service/625.pdf exemplar .pdf] * c. 1493 : ''Epistola de insulis noviter repertis''. Parisiis: in Campo Gaillardi (vide imaginem 4. nostram) * 1497 : Versio Theodisce facta, [[Ulma]]e divulgata; [[:File:Katilonischen.jpg|Colophon huius editionis]] ; Editiones versionesque recentes * 1892 : Wilberforce Eames, ed., ''The Letter of Columbus on the Discovery of America''. Novi Eboraci: Lenox Library; [https://archive.org/details/letterofcolumbus00colum Textus apud Internet Archive] * 1893 : ''The Spanish Letter of Columbus'' (editio fac-simile cum versione Anglica). Londinii: Bernard Quaritch {{Google Books|NPXCTYxu-R4C}} [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044004509063 Textus apud Hathi Trust]) * 1963 : Samuel Eliot Morison, interpr., ''Journals and other documents on the life and voyages of Christopher Columbus''. Novi Eboraci [https://archive.org/details/journalsdocumentscolumbus Textus] apud ''Internet Archive'' * 1966 : Frank E. Robbins, ed., ''Christopher Columbus: Epistola de insulis nuper inventis''. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms * 1982 : Consuelo Varela, ed., ''Cristóbal Colón: Textos y documentos completos''. Matriti: Alianza Editorial * 1992 : Consuelo Varela, Juan Gil, edd., ''Cristóbal Colón: Textos y documentos completos; Nuevas cartas''. Matriti: Alianza Editorial * 2006 : ''Kolumbus: Der erste Brief aus der Neuen Welt.'' Stutgardiae: Reclam, 2006. (editio versionis Latinae cum interpretatione Theodisca, titulo Latino: ''De insulis nuper in mari Indico repertis'') ([https://web.archive.org/web/20110821021624/http://www.ralf-schoenbach.de/index.php?option=com_remository&Itemid=29&func=fileinfo&id=24 Versio interretialis]) ; Eruditio * Rebecca Catz, "Columbus in the Azores" in Portuguese Studies vol. 6 (1990) pp. 17–23 * Samuel Eliot Morison, ''Admiral of the Ocean Sea'' (Bostoniae, 1949) pp. 322-323, 375-380 == Nexus externi == * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20130606004635/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/90/ Epistola Christofori Colom: cui etas nostra multum debet: de insulis Indiae supra Gangem nuper inventis]" (1493) apud ''World Digital Library''; [https://web.archive.org/web/20130605185545/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/2828/ alia editio] ibidem * ''[http://purl.pt/24139 Epistola de insulis nuper inventis]'' (Romae, 1493) apud Bibliothecam Nationalem Portugallensem [[Categoria:Christophorus Columbus]] [[Categoria:Epistulae]] [[Categoria:Scripta 1493]] [[Categoria:Litterae Hispanicae]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latine versae]] kkdb0f231qm7gjtnbnkkj9sc441i8ni Vexillum Moraviae 0 326898 3974816 3974713 2026-07-26T19:41:11Z Pavel Fric 72468 Links 3974816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina autotranslata | fons = [[:cs:Moravská vlajka]] conferantur [[Specialis:PermanentLink/3974324|versio labens]] et [https://cs-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moravsk%C3%A1_vlajka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=la pagina ''Google'' translata]—aut [[:it:Bandiera della Moravia]]—[https://it-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bandiera_della_Moravia?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=la pagina ''Google'' translata] | tempus = 2026-07-24 22:06:13 }} {{Vicificanda}} [[Fasciculus:Banner of arms of Moravia.svg|thumb|Vexillum Moraviae, ut annis 2002–2003 codificatum{{dubsig}} est. Historicum regionis Moravicae vexillum, constans ex campo caeruleo, qui [[aquila]]m rubro et albo damisatam{{dubsig}} cum [[corona]] et armis flavis gerit.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko">{{cite news | first=Zbyšek | last=Svoboda | first2=Pavel | last2=Fojtík | first3=Petr | last3=Exner | first4=Jaroslav | last4=Martykán | authorlink= | coauthors= | title=Odborné vexilologické stanovisko k moravské vlajce | booktitle=Vexilologie. Zpravodaj České vexilologické společnosti, o.s. č. 169 | pages=3319, 3320 | publisher=Česká vexilologická společnost | date=2013 | location=Brno | url=http://www.vexilologie.cz/index2.php?a=000&n=0 | accessdate=2017-08-20 | id= }}</ref><ref name="Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského">{{cite news | first=František | last=Pícha | authorlink= | coauthors= | title=Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského | booktitle=Vexilologie. Zpravodaj České vexilologické společnosti, o.s. č. 169 | pages=3320–3324 | publisher=Česká vexilologická společnost | date=2013 | location=Brno | url= | accessdate= | id= }}</ref>]] '''Vexillum Moraviense''' est symbolum quo [[Moravia (terra)|Moravia]] repraesentatur. Prima depictio insignis provincialis Moraviae in vexillo, cum [[Medium aevum|media aetate]] vexilla ex [[Insigne|insignibus]] derivarentur, invenitur in vexillo [[Marchio|marchionis]], quod in Codice Gelnhausenensi [[Anno Domini|anno]] MCDVII depictum est ([[aquila]] [[Argenteus|argentea]] et [[Ruber|rubra]], armatura [[Aureus (color)|aurea]] et corona aurea ornata, in campo [[Caeruleus|caeruleo]]).<ref name="ruzek22">{{cite web | last = Růžek | first = Vladimír | title = Cesty k definici (nejen) moravského znaku a praporu, in: Veřejná správa, Nr. 10 | year = 2013 | pages = 20–22:22 | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/webpm/clanek/historicke-symboly.aspx | language = cs }}</ref> Prima [[Scriba|descriptio]] [[Scriptura|scripta]] re vera toto [[Saeculum|saeculo]] vetustior est. Nihilominus, neque Marchio Moraviae, neque Moravia, neque Moravia-[[Silesia]] umquam [[vexillum]] adoptavit aut per actum legitimum ut ens [[Ius|iuridicum]] instituit. Ex variis documentis [[Historia|historicis]], [[Delineatio|delineationibus]], descriptionibusque fundatum est, quorum usu nullum fundamentum iuridicum erat. [[Cechoslovacia|Res publica Bohemoslovaca]] [[Color|colores]] album vel argenteum in insigne moravico iterum restituit ([[Lex]] n. 252/1920). Vexilla provincialia non sunt emendata legibus posterioribus (Legibus n. 269/1936, n. 222/1939, n. 163/1960 et Legibus hodie validis n. 3/1993 Coll. et n. 352/2001 Coll.). Hodie, vexillum bicolore [[Flavus|flavo]] et rubro, in medio insignia coloribus congruentibus praebens, interdum pro vexillo moravico usurpatur, praesertim a quibusdam [[Factio politica|factionibus politicis]], consociationibus aliisque [[Organizatio|organizationibus]] moraviensibus. [[File:Flag of South Moravian Region.svg|thumb|right|Vexillum Regionis Moraviae Meridionalis. Primum campum vexilli aquila moravica ornatur. In quarta et ultima parte vexilli aquila est cum ornatu [[Scaccarium|scaccato]] flavo et rubro, quae addita est ut [[symbolum]] reconciliationis et integrationis inter varios greges linguisticos, religiosos et ethnicos qui olim in Moravia Meridiana habitabant.<ref name="koudelka">{{cite book | last = Koudelka | first = Zdeněk | title = Znaky a vlajky Moravy a Slezska, in: Sborník z konference MORAVA 1918 | url = https://is.muni.cz/repo/1570777/Znaky_Moravy_a_Slezska.pdf | publisher = KEY Publishing s.r.o. | location = Ostrava | chapter = | pages = 58–73 | isbn = 978-80-7418-316-4 | language = cs | year = 2019 }}</ref>]] Vexillum Moraviense hunc statum non nactum est nisi annis MMII–MMIII, cum insignia et vexilla regionibus hodiernis assignata sunt, dimidio saeculo post abolitione systematis [[Provincia|provincialis]] et introductionem systematis [[Regio|regionalis]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Zákon č. 280/1948 Sb. Zákon o krajském zřízení | url = https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/1948-280#oddil1 | language = cs | accessdate = 2026-07-22 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20250211142519/https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/1948-280/#oddil1 | archivedate = 2025-02-11 }}</ref> Hoc vexillum in partem superiorem vexillorum regionum Vysočinae, Moraviae Meridionalis, Olomucensis et Zlìnensis, necnon in partem superiorem vexillorum regionum Pardubicensis et Moravico-Silesiae incorporatur. Vexillum caeruleum est; in medio campo caeruleo est aquila quadratim disposita, alis albis et rubris, corona et armatura aurea ornata.<ref>{{cite book | title = Historie, moravské barvy a moravská vlajka | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/clanek/historie-moravske-barvy-a-moravska-vlajka.aspx | publisher = Ministerstvo vnitra ČR | year = 2013 | language = cs }}</ref> Etiam hoc modo ineunte [[Martius|Martio]] anni MMXXIII a grege Legumlatrorum [[Parlamentum|Parlamenti]] [[Cechia|rei publicae Bohemicae]] in rogatione propositum est, quae consilium insignium et vexillorum regionalium codificaret.<ref>{{cite web | title = Návrh poslanců Radka Vondráčka, Pavla Blažka, Petra Gazdíka, Lucie Šafránkové, Mariana Jurečky, Vlastimila Válka a dalších na vydání zákona o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://www.psp.cz/sqw/text/orig2.sqw?idd=225139 | language = cs}}</ref> Rogatio paulatim in ordine rerum agendarum complurium sessionum Camerae Deputatōrum inclusa est, sed ibi non disputata est. Rogatio, a Radeko Vondráček, legato, die XXII Ianuarii anno MMXXVI iterum proposita, non praescribit fines historicos regionum insignibus regionalibus notandos esse, sicut in rogatione priore statutum erat.<ref>{{cite web | title = Parlament České republiky. Poslanecká sněmovna. 10. volební období. 87/0. Návrh poslance Radka Vondráčka na vydání zákona o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://www.psp.cz/sqw/text/orig2.sqw?idd=267037 | language = cs }}</ref> Rogatio insignia et vexilla regionalia in legem aperte sancit, praescribens ut forma eorum ad insigne nationale conformetur, et cuilibet permittit ut iis utatur. Una tantum condicio est ut debita cum reverentia tractentur.<ref>{{cite web | title = ODok Portál. Zákon o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://odok.gov.cz/portal/veklep/material/KORNDQQNALEE/ | language = cs }}</ref> == Historia vexilli moravici == === Historia antiquissima === [[File:Nejstarší dochované barevné vyobrazení znaku markraběcí Moravy, hrad Gozzoburg v Kremži.jpeg|thumb|Veterrima pictura colorata superstes armorum marchionatus Moraviae.]] Historia vexilli moravici – vel, accuratius, insignis moravici (quod, dissimile vexillo, perpetuo in alveo affigitur) – dives et varia est, quae saeculo tertio decimo coepit, cum rationes inter [[Bohemia|Bohemiam]] et Moraviam ordinabantur ad [[Monarchia|monarchiam]] centralizatam a [[Premyslidae|Premyslidis]] ultimis constituendam. Primum mentio vexilli moravici colorumque eius invenitur in [[Annales|chronica]] Ottocari Styriae, quae ad finem saeculi duodecimi et initium saeculi quarti decimi pertinet. Haec est [[narratio]] [[Proelium|proelii]] Kressenbrunnensis, quod die XII Iulii anno MCCLX factum est. Insignia Bohemiae et Moraviae in chronica [[Bela IV (rex Hungariae)|Belae IV]] a Iindrico Preisslero, [[Comes|comite]] castrorum eius, vive describuntur. Prae [[Exercitus|exercitu]] bohemico progrediente ducebat [[Ottocarus II (rex Bohemiae)|Ottocarus II]], prope quem vexillum fluitabat, [[Leo|leone]] [[Albus|albo]] in velluto rubro insigni, et iuxta eum alterum vexillum, quod formam aquilae moravicae quadratam rubro et albo coloribus monstrabat.<ref name="Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ottokars Österreichische Reimchronik (MGH Deutsche Chroniken V,1) |url=http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00000779/images/index.html?id=00000779&groesser=&fip=193.174.98.30&no=&seite=226 |accessdate=2016-07-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ottokar von Steiermark: 'Steirische Reimchronik' |url=http://www.handschriftencensus.de/werke/602 |publisher=www.handschriftencensus.de |accessdate=2017-08-19 }}</ref> ''Hern Dietrich Spatzmanen'' ''sach man die banier leiten:'' ''in einem rȏten samît breiten'' ''was gewohrt ein lewe wîz.'' ''ouch heten ir baniere flîz,'' (Etiam illi suas vexilla habebant,) '''''die von Merhaeren wârn''':'' (qui ex Moravia venerunt:) '''''ein geschâchzabelten arn''''' (Aquila scaccata) '''''von rȏter und von wîzer varbe''''' (rubro et albo picta) '''''sach man ob in begarbe''''' (super eos plane conspicue) '''''waejen von dem winde.''''' (in vento fluitabat.)<ref>{{cite web | title = Nejstarší zmínka o praporu Moravy v kronice Ottokara Štýrského | url = http://moravskaorlice.blogspot.com/2014/09/nejstarsi-zminka-o-praporu-moravy-v.html | language = cs}}</ref> Postea, colores vexilli ex coloribus armorum derivati sunt.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko" /> Ex regno Ottocari II, [[titulus]] margravi Moraviae repraesentatur aquila argentea et rubra scaccata, [[Coronatio|corona]] aurea et unguibus aureis ornata, ad dextram versa, in [[Scutum|scuto]] caeruleo posita.<ref name="vojtisek21">{{cite book | last=Vojtíšek | first=Václav | title=Naše státní znaky (staré a nynější) | publisher=Vesmír | place=Pragae | year=1921 | page=21 | language=Czech}}</ref><ref name="Pícha - O klenotu znaku moravského markraběte">{{cite news | last = Pícha | first = František | title = O klenotu znaku moravského markraběte | url = | publisher = | location = Brno | booktitle = Genealogické a heraldické informace 2010: Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2011 | volume = 15 (30) | year = 2011 | číslo = | počet_stran = 174 | pages = 7-32 | isbn = | language = česky }}</ref> Veterrima aquilae scaccatae effigies in Gozzoburg invenitur. [[Pictura|Picturae]] in aula arcis localis [[Cremisa (urbs)|Cremsensis]] non post annum circiter MCCLXX (MCCLXIX) pictae sunt, aut cum nuper aedificata capella Sanctae Catharinae (MCCLXVII) coniunguntur; utroque casu, post annum MCCLXII factae sunt. In aula insignes armorum Bohemiae, Moraviae, [[Austria|Austriae]] et [[Styria|Styriae]] apparent, sed insignia [[Carinthia|Carinthiae]] et [[Carniola|Carniolae]], quae Ottocarus II anno MCCLXIX hereditate accepit, absunt.<ref name="Pícha, Krejčík - Gozzoburg">{{cite news | last = Krejčík | first = Tomáš | last2 = Pícha | first2 = František | title = Český a moravský znak ve znakové galerii v Gozzoburgu v Kremsu | location = Brno | booktitle = Genealogické a heraldické informace 2008 : Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2009 | volume = 13 (28) | year = 2009 | pages = 49-57 | issn = 0862-8963 | language = Czech }}</ref> [[File:Jošt Moravský, též Lucemburský -.jpg|thumb|left|Margravius [[Iodocus a Moravia]], vexillum aquila Moravica quadratim alba et rubra in Codice Gelnhausenensi (saeculo XIV/XV).]] Aquila scaccata insigne Moraviae terrae habetur saltem ex tempore [[Domus Luxemburgica|Luxemburgense]].<ref name="Adamová">{{cite book | last = Adamová | first = Karolina | title = K heraldické výzdobě Staroměstské mostecké věže. Právně historický pohled, in: Pražský sborník historický | publisher = Panorama | location = Praha | volume = 15 | year = 1982 | pages = 44–62 | language = cs }}</ref> Una ex antiquissimis [[Imago|imaginibus]] notis vexilli aquila moravica insignis est illa in [[Codex|Codice]] Gelnhausen, quae imaginem margravi Moraviae [[Iodocus a Moravia|Iodocum]] monstrat, qui vexillum caeruleum tenet, aquila moravica in campo albescente et rubescente scaccato, cum corona et armatura flava. (ut par est, sine scuto).<ref name="ruzek22" /> Codex scriptus est aliquando inter ultimum tertium saeculi quarti decimi et primum tertium saeculi quinti decimi.<ref>{{cite web | title = Gelnhausenův kodex (kodex A) - právní kniha. Jošt Lucemburský s moravským praporem v Jihlavské právní knize z roku 1407 na foliu 63r. | url = http://www.manuscriptorium.com/apps/index.php?direct=record&pid=AIPDIG-SOAJ__MESTSKASPRAV0TBA6E4-cs#search | language = cs }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Jihlavský archiv ukázal své nejvzácnější dokumenty, jinak nepřístupné | url = https://jihlava.idnes.cz/vzacne-dokumenty-jihlavskeho-archivu-dx1-/jihlava-zpravy.aspx?c=A121101_143951_jihlava-zpravy_mv | language = cs }}</ref> [[Charta]] armorum imperatoris [[Fridericus III|Friderici III]], data VII [[December|Decembris]] anno MCDLXII, quod, a [[Henricus|Henrico]] de Lippa, capitano provinciali Moraviae et marescallo [[Regnum Bohemiae|Regni Bohemiae]], ex incepto ordinum moravicorum editum est, documentum fuit quod, sub regno [[Georgius Podiebradensis|Georgii Podiebradensis]], primigenium colorem argenteum aquilae moravicae mutavit, campis insigneis argenteis auro substitutis, ita novum insigne 'ordinum' creans (''color albus in glaucum sive aureum transmutetur'': color albus in flavum vel aureum mutatus est).<ref name="vojtisek222">{{cite book | last = Vojtíšek | first = Václav | title = Naše státní znaky (staré a nynější) | publisher = Vesmír | location = Praha | pages = 22 | language = cs | year = 1921 }}</ref><ref name="Alexius Habrich, Iura primaeva Moraviae2">{{cite web | last = Habrich | first = Alexius (ed.) | title = Iura primaeva Moraviae | url = https://reader.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb10542951_00038.html | location = Brno | pages = 38–42 | language = la | year = 1781 }}</ref><ref name="Josef Kalousek, Archiv český2">{{cite web | last = Kalousek | first = Josef (ed.) | title = Archiv český čili staré písemné památky české i moravské, svazek X | url = https://sources.cms.flu.cas.cz/src/index.php?s=v&action=jdi&cat=10&bookid=800&page=273&action_button.x=0&action_button.y=0 | location = Praha | pages = 273–274 | language = la | year = 1890 }}</ref><ref name="Berthold Bretholz2">{{cite book | last = Bretholz | first = Berthold | title = Das mährische Landesarchiv, Seine Geschichte, seine Bestände | location = Brno | pages = 124 | language = de la | year = 1908 }}</ref> Publicatio huius litterae exemplum est interventionis in res internas terrarum Bohemicarum, cum Fridericus III, ut Imperator Romanus Sanctus, eam statibus Moravicis concesserit. Tamen Moravia pars Coronae Bohemicae erat et, secundum leges a [[Carolus IV (imperator)|Carolo IV]] latas, rex Romanorum nullam potestatem habebat talis consilii capiendi, cum Moraviae res sub directa potestate Regis Bohemiae esset.<ref name="starha92">{{cite web | last = Štarha | first = Ivan | title = Historie, moravské barvy a moravská vlajka, in: Veřejná správa | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/clanek/historie-moravske-barvy-a-moravska-vlajka.aspx | year = 2013 | pages = 8–9 | language = cs }}</ref> Ex prospectu historico, plures versiones vexillorum Moravicorum exstiterunt, quae simul duabus aut tribus coloribus ex insignibus provincialibus derivatis adhibebantur, praesertim saeculo undevicesimo.<ref name="hlinomaz167">''Ke státní a zemské symbolice českého státu v období 1526–1918'', s. 167.</ref> [[File:Slavobrána postavená v Kuníně v roce 1845 u příležitosti návštěvy arcivévody Františka Karla, kolorovaná litografie.png|thumb|Porta caerimonialis Kunini anno MDCCCXLV exstructa ad visitationem Archducis Francisci Caroli commemorandam. Relatio eius temporis describit vexilla bicolora, nigrum et flavum et rubrum et album, in turribus vexata, tamquam colores et Austriacos et Moravicos provinciales.]] Initio saeculi undevicesimi, Moravia erat regio non [[Autonomia|autonoma]], quae ab anno MDCCCIV pars [[Imperium Austriacum|Imperii Austriaci erat]], quod paulo ante finalem collapsum [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] constitutum erat. Erat una ex finibus regiae dicatis, quae a praeside provinciali [[Gubernator|gubernabatur]]. Regulis a regimine centrali [[Vindobona|Vindobonae]] edictis tenebatur. Ex [[Tempus|tempore]] priore pauca indicia sunt usus colorum provincialium moravicorum. Imperator Moraviae [[dux]] erat, et cum titulus margravius unus tantum ex multis quos tenebat esset, ei certam imaginem visualem non requirebat. Quapropter, per paene totam primam partem saeculi undevicesimi, colores provinciales non eandem significationem habebant quam a medio illius saeculi deinceps habuerunt. Potestates [[Corpus|corporum]] administrativorum statuum provinciales finitae erant. Non habebant [[Auctoritas|auctoritatem]] nec repraesentandi nec repraesentari. [[Rectio|Gubernatio]] provincialis sui iuris potestates satis amplas nonnisi promulgatione [[Constitutio|Constitutionis]] Decembris anno MDCCCLXI accepit, post quam singulae provinciae suas constitutiones sanxerunt. Tamen, neque hae neque ullum aliud instrumentum minoris [[vis]] legitimae colores vel vexilla provincialia designaverunt. Quamquam hae notiones saeculo undevicesimo exstiterunt, vocabula inania erant, id est, iure nec generaliter nec speciatim definita. Describendo igitur tempus ante annum MCMXVIII, non est rectum dicere "vexillum provinciale Marchionatus Moraviae fuisse bicolorem horizontalem flavam et rubram", cum in nullo instrumento [[Legalitas|legali]] ita definitum sit. Licetne simpliciter dicere "auctoritates provinciales rubrum et flavum ut colores provinciales inter annos MDCCCXLVIII et MCMXVIII adhibuisse", an, si iustificari potest, "ut vexillum provinciale Moraviae, magistratus provinciales bicolorem rubro et flavo inter annos MDCCCXLVIII et MCMXVIII adhibuerunt". [[File:Cockade of Moravia, the historical land of the Czech Republic, red-white-blue.svg|thumb|right|In Ludovici Ritteri Dictionariolo Pochtario Diurnariis et Colloquiis (titulo Bohemico "Kapesní slovníček novinářský a konverzační"), anno MDCCCLI edito, haec de coloribus cocardarum dicuntur: "''Cocarda est rosula aut fasciculus rotundus qui in [[Petasus|petaso]] aut [[paenula]] geritur, qui certam [[Mens|mentem]], [[Natio|nationem]], unitatem, [[Congregatio|congregationem]], etc. significat. A [[Mulier|mulieribus]] gesta, in capillo aut in [[Mamma|pectore]] affigitur. Notae sunt insignes variorum motuum politicorum ab anno MDCCCXLVIII, praesertim Slavorum, '''rubri, albi et caerulei coloris''', deinde colores [[Niger (color)|nigro]]-rubro-flavi partis Germanicae et eius variae controversiae. Imperialis Austriaca, quam exercitus hic gerit, nigra et flava est, Bohemica et Polonica alba et rubra, '''Moraviensis vel etiam Bohemico-Moraviensis, deinde Slavica meridionalis, similis Slavicae'''. Cocarda Rusinorum flava et caerulea est; Hungarorum et Polonorum revolutionariorum rubra, alba et viridis; Prussica nigra et alba est, et sic deinceps. Pragae, omnes cocardae privatae sine ulla exceptione ab anno MDCCCXLVIIII interdictae sunt.''".]] Absentia ullius praescripti legis explicat cur vexilla provincialia in scriptis huius aetatis variis modis depingantur. Plerumque auctor ea ex paucis vexillis reapse notis et regulis heraldicis, quae ad insignia pertinentia pertinent, derivabat. Quaestio peculiaris in Moravia saeculo undevicesimo fuit quod insigne moraviense duabus formis exstabat. Descriptio eius historica et publice agnita insignium [[Imperium|imperialium]] – qui per saecula in usu fuerant – erat aquila argentea et rubra alternis coloribus picta, cum corona et armatura aurea, in scuto caeruleo posita. Tamen, auctoritas ab imperatore Friderico III concessa in [[Diploma|diplomate]] die 7 Decembris 1462 edito, ut aquila scaccata aurea et rubra adhiberetur – quamquam haec compositio in usu non recepta est – adduxit, Postquam diploma in notitiam procuratorum administrationis provincialis Moravicae ad finem saeculorum XVIII et XIX pervenit – praesertim ab annis 1830 et 1840 – hoc ad auctos conatus administrationis provincialis adnotavit ut agnitio diplomatis ab imperatore impetraretur. Et quamquam usus eius non publice agnitus est usque ad annum MCMXV, complures sententiae a [[Magistratus|magistratibus]] Vindobonensibus editae significabant eos non adversari usu exemplaris aureo et rubro scaccatim dispositi in aquila. Quaestio igitur per saeculum undevicesimum fuit, utrum diploma validum, sed publice irritum, Friderici III praevaluerit insignibus Moraviae, quae usu historico probata et confirmata erant. Quaestio de coloribus provincialibus, ad quam pertinebat quaestio de forma vexilli provincialis (futuri), naturaliter a diversis sententiis de recta (valida) insigne provinciali affecta est.<ref name="Pícha - Moravské barvy a vlajky v revolučním roce 1848">{{cite book | last = Pícha | first = František | title = Moravské barvy a vlajky v revolučním roce 1848, in: Genealogické a heraldické informace 2017 : Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2018 | location = Brno | volume = 22 (37) | year = 2018 | pages = 40–41 | isbn = | language = cs }}</ref> Secundum quosdam auctores, vexillum Moravicum album, rubrum, caeruleumque est, fasciis horizontalibus eo ordine.<ref name="brozek50">{{cite book | last = Brožek | first = Aleš | title = Lexikon vlajek a znaků zemí světa | publisher = Kartografie | location = Praha | year = 2003 | pages = 50 | isbn = 8070117761 | language = cs }}</ref> Haec colorum coniunctio saeculo undevicesimo symbolum erat [[Civitas|civium]] moravicorum [[Patria|patriam]] [[Amor|amantium]]. <gallery> File:Modrobílá historická vlajka Moravy (1611).png|Vexillum historicum caeruleo et albo, memoratum iuxta vexillum caeruleum insigne provinciale Moraviae gerens ("''insigne provinciale eiusdem marchionatus''") in nuntiis anni MDCXII, qui adventum [[Praga|Pragam]] et [[Coronatio|coronationem]] [[Rex|regis]] [[Matthias (imperator)|Mathiae II]] describunt. File:Red-white historical flag of Moravia (from the first half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Compositio colorum rubrorum et alborum, quae usque ad ineuntem saeculum vicesimum adhibita est. File:Red-white-blue historical flag of Moravia (from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Tricolōr ruber, albus, caeruleusque, qui adhibitus est in secunda parte saeculi undevicesimi et in initio saeculi vicesimi.<ref name="Jan Havelka">{{Cite journal | last = Havelka | first = Jan | title = Erb a zemské barvy markkrabství moravského | journal = Komenský | access-date = 2015-12-15 | year = 1880 | number = 29 | pages = 454–455 | url = http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112042804044;view=1up;seq=463 | language = cs}}</ref><ref name="Orlice, časopis politický">{{Cite journal | title = O barvách praporů (8. 9. 1888) | journal = Orlice, časopis politický | location = Telč | year = 1888 | number = 19 | pages = Příloha Orlice k číslu 19 | language = cs}}</ref> File:Red-yellow historical flag of Moravia (from the middle of the 19th century or from the 2nd half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Vexillum bicolore rubrum et flavum. Aliud ex vexillis historicis Moraviae a secunda parte saeculi undevicesimi et ineunte saeculo vicesimo. </gallery> == Vexillum moravicum inter vexilla regionalia == [[File:Moravská orlice.jpg|thumb|right|Vexillum historicum Moraviae]] <gallery> File:Flag of Pardubice Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Pardubiensis File:Flag of Vysocina Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Vysočinae File:Flag of Olomouc Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis [[Olomucium|Olomucensis]] File:Flag of Moravian-Silesian Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Moravico-Silesiae File:Flag of Zlin Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Zlinensis </gallery> === Vexillum caeruleum aquila moravica insignis === Relatio vexillologica de vexillo moravico, quae submissa est [[Kalendae|Kalendis]] [[Iunius|Iuniis]] MMXIII per peritos Subcommissionis de [[Scientia heraldica|Heraldica]] et Vexillologia Camerae deputatōrum Parlamenti rei publicae Bohemicae (subcommissionis Commissionis de scientia, educatione, cultura, iuventute et educatione physica) – Zbyšek Svoboda, Pavel Fojtík, Petr Exner et Praeses Societatis Vexillologicae Bohemicae, Jaroslav Martykán, vexillum et insignia Moraviae, in vetustissima forma sua quae in monumentis invenitur, habentur historice aptissima, scilicet campum caeruleum gerentia aquilam scaccatorum alborum et rubrorum.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko" /> == Nexūs externi == {{Commonscat|Flags of Moravia|Vexillum Moraviae}} * [https://moravskavlajka.blogspot.com/ Moravská vlajka] == Notae == <references/> [[Categoria:Moravia]] [[Categoria:Vexilla]] jkmfco3j6vwi8h6ucac6nxxx5ptg935 3974916 3974816 2026-07-27T06:27:47Z Pavel Fric 72468 Links 3974916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina autotranslata | fons = [[:cs:Moravská vlajka]] conferantur [[Specialis:PermanentLink/3974324|versio labens]] et [https://cs-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moravsk%C3%A1_vlajka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=la pagina ''Google'' translata]—aut [[:it:Bandiera della Moravia]]—[https://it-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bandiera_della_Moravia?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=la pagina ''Google'' translata] | tempus = 2026-07-24 22:06:13 }} {{Vicificanda}} [[Fasciculus:Banner of arms of Moravia.svg|thumb|Vexillum Moraviae, ut annis 2002–2003 codificatum{{dubsig}} est. Historicum regionis Moravicae vexillum, constans ex campo caeruleo, qui [[aquila]]m rubro et albo damisatam{{dubsig}} cum [[corona]] et armis flavis gerit.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko">{{cite news | first=Zbyšek | last=Svoboda | first2=Pavel | last2=Fojtík | first3=Petr | last3=Exner | first4=Jaroslav | last4=Martykán | authorlink= | coauthors= | title=Odborné vexilologické stanovisko k moravské vlajce | booktitle=Vexilologie. Zpravodaj České vexilologické společnosti, o.s. č. 169 | pages=3319, 3320 | publisher=Česká vexilologická společnost | date=2013 | location=Brno | url=http://www.vexilologie.cz/index2.php?a=000&n=0 | accessdate=2017-08-20 | id= }}</ref><ref name="Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského">{{cite news | first=František | last=Pícha | authorlink= | coauthors= | title=Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského | booktitle=Vexilologie. Zpravodaj České vexilologické společnosti, o.s. č. 169 | pages=3320–3324 | publisher=Česká vexilologická společnost | date=2013 | location=Brno | url= | accessdate= | id= }}</ref>]] '''Vexillum Moraviense''' est symbolum quo [[Moravia (terra)|Moravia]] repraesentatur. Prima depictio insignis provincialis Moraviae in vexillo, cum [[Medium aevum|media aetate]] vexilla ex [[Insigne|insignibus]] derivarentur, invenitur in vexillo [[Marchio|marchionis]], quod in Codice Gelnhausenensi [[Anno Domini|anno]] MCDVII depictum est ([[aquila]] [[Argenteus|argentea]] et [[Ruber|rubra]], armatura [[Aureus (color)|aurea]] et corona aurea ornata, in campo [[Caeruleus|caeruleo]]).<ref name="ruzek22">{{cite web | last = Růžek | first = Vladimír | title = Cesty k definici (nejen) moravského znaku a praporu, in: Veřejná správa, Nr. 10 | year = 2013 | pages = 20–22:22 | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/webpm/clanek/historicke-symboly.aspx | language = cs }}</ref> Prima [[Scriba|descriptio]] [[Scriptura|scripta]] re vera toto [[Saeculum|saeculo]] vetustior est. Nihilominus, neque Marchio Moraviae, neque Moravia, neque Moravia-[[Silesia]] umquam [[vexillum]] adoptavit aut per actum legitimum ut ens [[Ius|iuridicum]] instituit. Ex variis documentis [[Historia|historicis]], [[Delineatio|delineationibus]], descriptionibusque fundatum est, quorum usu nullum fundamentum iuridicum erat. [[Cechoslovacia|Res publica Bohemoslovaca]] [[Color|colores]] album vel argenteum in insigne moravico iterum restituit ([[Lex]] n. 252/1920). Vexilla provincialia non sunt emendata legibus posterioribus (Legibus n. 269/1936, n. 222/1939, n. 163/1960 et Legibus hodie validis n. 3/1993 Coll. et n. 352/2001 Coll.). Hodie, vexillum bicolore [[Flavus|flavo]] et rubro, in medio insignia coloribus congruentibus praebens, interdum pro vexillo moravico usurpatur, praesertim a quibusdam [[Factio politica|factionibus politicis]], consociationibus aliisque [[Organizatio|organizationibus]] moraviensibus. [[File:Flag of South Moravian Region.svg|thumb|right|Vexillum Regionis Moraviae Meridionalis. Primum campum vexilli aquila moravica ornatur. In quarta et ultima parte vexilli aquila est cum ornatu [[Scaccarium|scaccato]] flavo et rubro, quae addita est ut [[symbolum]] reconciliationis et integrationis inter varios greges linguisticos, religiosos et ethnicos qui olim in Moravia Meridiana habitabant.<ref name="koudelka">{{cite book | last = Koudelka | first = Zdeněk | title = Znaky a vlajky Moravy a Slezska, in: Sborník z konference MORAVA 1918 | url = https://is.muni.cz/repo/1570777/Znaky_Moravy_a_Slezska.pdf | publisher = KEY Publishing s.r.o. | location = Ostrava | chapter = | pages = 58–73 | isbn = 978-80-7418-316-4 | language = cs | year = 2019 }}</ref>]] Vexillum Moraviense hunc statum non nactum est nisi annis MMII–MMIII, cum insignia et vexilla regionibus hodiernis assignata sunt, dimidio saeculo post abolitione systematis [[Provincia|provincialis]] et introductionem systematis [[Regio|regionalis]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Zákon č. 280/1948 Sb. Zákon o krajském zřízení | url = https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/1948-280#oddil1 | language = cs | accessdate = 2026-07-22 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20250211142519/https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/1948-280/#oddil1 | archivedate = 2025-02-11 }}</ref> Hoc vexillum in partem superiorem vexillorum regionum Vysočinae, Moraviae Meridionalis, Olomucensis et Zlìnensis, necnon in partem superiorem vexillorum regionum Pardubicensis et Moravico-Silesiae incorporatur. Vexillum caeruleum est; in medio campo caeruleo est aquila quadratim disposita, alis albis et rubris, corona et armatura aurea ornata.<ref>{{cite book | title = Historie, moravské barvy a moravská vlajka | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/clanek/historie-moravske-barvy-a-moravska-vlajka.aspx | publisher = Ministerstvo vnitra ČR | year = 2013 | language = cs }}</ref> Etiam hoc modo ineunte [[Martius|Martio]] anni MMXXIII a grege Legumlatrorum [[Parlamentum|Parlamenti]] [[Cechia|rei publicae Bohemicae]] in rogatione propositum est, quae consilium insignium et vexillorum regionalium codificaret.<ref>{{cite web | title = Návrh poslanců Radka Vondráčka, Pavla Blažka, Petra Gazdíka, Lucie Šafránkové, Mariana Jurečky, Vlastimila Válka a dalších na vydání zákona o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://www.psp.cz/sqw/text/orig2.sqw?idd=225139 | language = cs}}</ref> Rogatio paulatim in ordine rerum agendarum complurium sessionum Camerae Deputatōrum inclusa est, sed ibi non disputata est. Rogatio, a Radeko Vondráček, legato, die XXII Ianuarii anno MMXXVI iterum proposita, non praescribit fines historicos regionum insignibus regionalibus notandos esse, sicut in rogatione priore statutum erat.<ref>{{cite web | title = Parlament České republiky. Poslanecká sněmovna. 10. volební období. 87/0. Návrh poslance Radka Vondráčka na vydání zákona o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://www.psp.cz/sqw/text/orig2.sqw?idd=267037 | language = cs }}</ref> Rogatio insignia et vexilla regionalia in legem aperte sancit, praescribens ut forma eorum ad insigne nationale conformetur, et cuilibet permittit ut iis utatur. Una tantum condicio est ut debita cum reverentia tractentur.<ref>{{cite web | title = ODok Portál. Zákon o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://odok.gov.cz/portal/veklep/material/KORNDQQNALEE/ | language = cs }}</ref> == Historia vexilli moravici == === Historia antiquissima === [[File:Nejstarší dochované barevné vyobrazení znaku markraběcí Moravy, hrad Gozzoburg v Kremži.jpeg|thumb|Veterrima pictura colorata superstes armorum marchionatus Moraviae.]] Historia vexilli moravici – vel, accuratius, insignis moravici (quod, dissimile vexillo, perpetuo in alveo affigitur) – dives et varia est, quae saeculo tertio decimo coepit, cum rationes inter [[Bohemia|Bohemiam]] et Moraviam ordinabantur ad [[Monarchia|monarchiam]] centralizatam a [[Premyslidae|Premyslidis]] ultimis constituendam. Primum mentio vexilli moravici colorumque eius invenitur in [[Annales|chronica]] Ottocari Styriae, quae ad finem saeculi duodecimi et initium saeculi quarti decimi pertinet. Haec est [[narratio]] [[Proelium|proelii]] Kressenbrunnensis, quod die XII [[Iulius|Iulii]] anno MCCLX factum est. Insignia Bohemiae et Moraviae in chronica [[Bela IV (rex Hungariae)|Belae IV]] a Iindrico Preisslero, [[Comes|comite]] castrorum eius, vive describuntur. Prae [[Exercitus|exercitu]] bohemico progrediente ducebat [[Ottocarus II (rex Bohemiae)|Ottocarus II]], prope quem vexillum fluitabat, [[Leo|leone]] [[Albus|albo]] in velluto rubro insigni, et iuxta eum alterum vexillum, quod formam aquilae moravicae quadratam rubro et albo coloribus monstrabat.<ref name="Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ottokars Österreichische Reimchronik (MGH Deutsche Chroniken V,1) |url=http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00000779/images/index.html?id=00000779&groesser=&fip=193.174.98.30&no=&seite=226 |accessdate=2016-07-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ottokar von Steiermark: 'Steirische Reimchronik' |url=http://www.handschriftencensus.de/werke/602 |publisher=www.handschriftencensus.de |accessdate=2017-08-19 }}</ref> ''Hern Dietrich Spatzmanen'' ''sach man die banier leiten:'' ''in einem rȏten samît breiten'' ''was gewohrt ein lewe wîz.'' ''ouch heten ir baniere flîz,'' (Etiam illi suas vexilla habebant,) '''''die von Merhaeren wârn''':'' (qui ex Moravia venerunt:) '''''ein geschâchzabelten arn''''' (Aquila scaccata) '''''von rȏter und von wîzer varbe''''' (rubro et albo picta) '''''sach man ob in begarbe''''' (super eos plane conspicue) '''''waejen von dem winde.''''' (in vento fluitabat.)<ref>{{cite web | title = Nejstarší zmínka o praporu Moravy v kronice Ottokara Štýrského | url = http://moravskaorlice.blogspot.com/2014/09/nejstarsi-zminka-o-praporu-moravy-v.html | language = cs}}</ref> Postea, colores vexilli ex coloribus armorum derivati sunt.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko" /> Ex regno Ottocari II, [[titulus]] margravi Moraviae repraesentatur aquila argentea et rubra scaccata, [[Coronatio|corona]] aurea et unguibus aureis ornata, ad dextram versa, in [[Scutum|scuto]] caeruleo posita.<ref name="vojtisek21">{{cite book | last=Vojtíšek | first=Václav | title=Naše státní znaky (staré a nynější) | publisher=Vesmír | place=Pragae | year=1921 | page=21 | language=Czech}}</ref><ref name="Pícha - O klenotu znaku moravského markraběte">{{cite news | last = Pícha | first = František | title = O klenotu znaku moravského markraběte | url = | publisher = | location = Brno | booktitle = Genealogické a heraldické informace 2010: Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2011 | volume = 15 (30) | year = 2011 | číslo = | počet_stran = 174 | pages = 7-32 | isbn = | language = česky }}</ref> Veterrima aquilae scaccatae effigies in Gozzoburg invenitur. [[Pictura|Picturae]] in aula arcis localis [[Cremisa (urbs)|Cremsensis]] non post annum circiter MCCLXX (MCCLXIX) pictae sunt, aut cum nuper aedificata capella Sanctae Catharinae (MCCLXVII) coniunguntur; utroque casu, post annum MCCLXII factae sunt. In aula insignes armorum Bohemiae, Moraviae, [[Austria|Austriae]] et [[Styria|Styriae]] apparent, sed insignia [[Carinthia|Carinthiae]] et [[Carniola|Carniolae]], quae Ottocarus II anno MCCLXIX hereditate accepit, absunt.<ref name="Pícha, Krejčík - Gozzoburg">{{cite news | last = Krejčík | first = Tomáš | last2 = Pícha | first2 = František | title = Český a moravský znak ve znakové galerii v Gozzoburgu v Kremsu | location = Brno | booktitle = Genealogické a heraldické informace 2008 : Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2009 | volume = 13 (28) | year = 2009 | pages = 49-57 | issn = 0862-8963 | language = Czech }}</ref> [[File:Jošt Moravský, též Lucemburský -.jpg|thumb|left|Margravius [[Iodocus a Moravia]], vexillum aquila Moravica quadratim alba et rubra in Codice Gelnhausenensi (saeculo XIV/XV).]] Aquila scaccata insigne Moraviae terrae habetur saltem ex tempore [[Domus Luxemburgica|Luxemburgense]].<ref name="Adamová">{{cite book | last = Adamová | first = Karolina | title = K heraldické výzdobě Staroměstské mostecké věže. Právně historický pohled, in: Pražský sborník historický | publisher = Panorama | location = Praha | volume = 15 | year = 1982 | pages = 44–62 | language = cs }}</ref> Una ex antiquissimis [[Imago|imaginibus]] notis vexilli aquila moravica insignis est illa in [[Codex|Codice]] Gelnhausen, quae imaginem margravi Moraviae [[Iodocus a Moravia|Iodocum]] monstrat, qui vexillum caeruleum tenet, aquila moravica in campo albo et rubro scaccato, cum corona et armatura flava (ut par est, sine scuto).<ref name="ruzek22" /> [[Codicologia|Codex]] scriptus est aliquando inter ultimum tertium saeculi quarti decimi et primum tertium saeculi quinti decimi.<ref>{{cite web | title = Gelnhausenův kodex (kodex A) - právní kniha. Jošt Lucemburský s moravským praporem v Jihlavské právní knize z roku 1407 na foliu 63r. | url = http://www.manuscriptorium.com/apps/index.php?direct=record&pid=AIPDIG-SOAJ__MESTSKASPRAV0TBA6E4-cs#search | language = cs }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Jihlavský archiv ukázal své nejvzácnější dokumenty, jinak nepřístupné | url = https://jihlava.idnes.cz/vzacne-dokumenty-jihlavskeho-archivu-dx1-/jihlava-zpravy.aspx?c=A121101_143951_jihlava-zpravy_mv | language = cs }}</ref> [[Charta]] armorum Romanorum Imperatoris [[Fridericus III|Friderici III]], data VII [[December|Decembris]] anno MCDLXII, quod, a [[Henricus|Henrico]] de Lippa, capitanei [[Provincia|terrae]] Moraviae et [[Marescalcus|marescalci]] [[Regnum Bohemiae|Regni Bohemiae]], ex incepto statuum moravorum editum est, documentum fuit quod, sub regno [[Georgius Podiebradensis|Georgii Podiebradensis]], primigenium colorem argenteum aquilae moravicae mutavit, quod campos argenteos tessellaturae in aureos mutavit, atque ita novum statuum insigne creavit (''color albus in glaucum sive aureum transmutetur'': color albus in flavum vel aureum mutatus est).<ref name="vojtisek222">{{cite book | last = Vojtíšek | first = Václav | title = Naše státní znaky (staré a nynější) | publisher = Vesmír | location = Praha | pages = 22 | language = cs | year = 1921 }}</ref><ref name="Alexius Habrich, Iura primaeva Moraviae2">{{cite web | last = Habrich | first = Alexius (ed.) | title = Iura primaeva Moraviae | url = https://reader.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb10542951_00038.html | location = Brno | pages = 38–42 | language = la | year = 1781 }}</ref><ref name="Josef Kalousek, Archiv český2">{{cite web | last = Kalousek | first = Josef (ed.) | title = Archiv český čili staré písemné památky české i moravské, svazek X | url = https://sources.cms.flu.cas.cz/src/index.php?s=v&action=jdi&cat=10&bookid=800&page=273&action_button.x=0&action_button.y=0 | location = Praha | pages = 273–274 | language = la | year = 1890 }}</ref><ref name="Berthold Bretholz2">{{cite book | last = Bretholz | first = Berthold | title = Das mährische Landesarchiv, Seine Geschichte, seine Bestände | location = Brno | pages = 124 | language = de la | year = 1908 }}</ref> [[Editio|Publicatio]] huius diplomae exemplum est interventionis in res internas terrarum bohemicarum, cum Fridericus III, ut Romanorum Imperator, eam statibus Moravicis concesserit. Tamen Moravia [[Regio|pars]] Coronae regni Bohemiae erat et, secundum leges a [[Carolus IV (imperator)|Carolo IV]] latas, rex [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] nullam potestatem habebat talis [[Consilium|consilii]] capiendi, cum Moraviae res sub directa potestate Regis regni Bohemiae esset.<ref name="starha92">{{cite web | last = Štarha | first = Ivan | title = Historie, moravské barvy a moravská vlajka, in: Veřejná správa | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/clanek/historie-moravske-barvy-a-moravska-vlajka.aspx | year = 2013 | pages = 8–9 | language = cs }}</ref> Ex prospectu historico, plures versiones vexillorum Moravicorum exstiterunt, quae simul duabus aut tribus coloribus ex insignibus provincialibus derivatis adhibebantur, praesertim saeculo undevicesimo.<ref name="hlinomaz167">''Ke státní a zemské symbolice českého státu v období 1526–1918'', s. 167.</ref> [[File:Slavobrána postavená v Kuníně v roce 1845 u příležitosti návštěvy arcivévody Františka Karla, kolorovaná litografie.png|thumb|Porta caerimonialis Kunini anno MDCCCXLV exstructa ad visitationem Archducis Francisci Caroli commemorandam. Relatio eius temporis describit vexilla bicolora, nigrum et flavum et rubrum et album, in turribus vexata, tamquam colores et Austriacos et Moravicos provinciales.]] Initio saeculi undevicesimi, Moravia erat regio non [[Autonomia|autonoma]], quae ab anno MDCCCIV pars [[Imperium Austriacum|Imperii Austriaci erat]], quod paulo ante finalem collapsum [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] constitutum erat. Erat una ex finibus regiae dicatis, quae a praeside provinciali [[Gubernator|gubernabatur]]. Regulis a regimine centrali [[Vindobona|Vindobonae]] edictis tenebatur. Ex [[Tempus|tempore]] priore pauca indicia sunt usus colorum provincialium moravicorum. Imperator Moraviae [[dux]] erat, et cum titulus margravius unus tantum ex multis quos tenebat esset, ei certam imaginem visualem non requirebat. Quapropter, per paene totam primam partem saeculi undevicesimi, colores provinciales non eandem significationem habebant quam a medio illius saeculi deinceps habuerunt. Potestates [[Corpus|corporum]] administrativorum statuum provinciales finitae erant. Non habebant [[Auctoritas|auctoritatem]] nec repraesentandi nec repraesentari. [[Rectio|Gubernatio]] provincialis sui iuris potestates satis amplas nonnisi promulgatione [[Constitutio|Constitutionis]] Decembris anno MDCCCLXI accepit, post quam singulae provinciae suas constitutiones sanxerunt. Tamen, neque hae neque ullum aliud instrumentum minoris [[vis]] legitimae colores vel vexilla provincialia designaverunt. Quamquam hae notiones saeculo undevicesimo exstiterunt, vocabula inania erant, id est, iure nec generaliter nec speciatim definita. Describendo igitur tempus ante annum MCMXVIII, non est rectum dicere "vexillum provinciale Marchionatus Moraviae fuisse bicolorem horizontalem flavam et rubram", cum in nullo instrumento [[Legalitas|legali]] ita definitum sit. Licetne simpliciter dicere "auctoritates provinciales rubrum et flavum ut colores provinciales inter annos MDCCCXLVIII et MCMXVIII adhibuisse", an, si iustificari potest, "ut vexillum provinciale Moraviae, magistratus provinciales bicolorem rubro et flavo inter annos MDCCCXLVIII et MCMXVIII adhibuerunt". [[File:Cockade of Moravia, the historical land of the Czech Republic, red-white-blue.svg|thumb|right|In Ludovici Ritteri Dictionariolo Pochtario Diurnariis et Colloquiis (titulo Bohemico "Kapesní slovníček novinářský a konverzační"), anno MDCCCLI edito, haec de coloribus cocardarum dicuntur: "''Cocarda est rosula aut fasciculus rotundus qui in [[Petasus|petaso]] aut [[paenula]] geritur, qui certam [[Mens|mentem]], [[Natio|nationem]], unitatem, [[Congregatio|congregationem]], etc. significat. A [[Mulier|mulieribus]] gesta, in capillo aut in [[Mamma|pectore]] affigitur. Notae sunt insignes variorum motuum politicorum ab anno MDCCCXLVIII, praesertim Slavorum, '''rubri, albi et caerulei coloris''', deinde colores [[Niger (color)|nigro]]-rubro-flavi partis Germanicae et eius variae controversiae. Imperialis Austriaca, quam exercitus hic gerit, nigra et flava est, Bohemica et Polonica alba et rubra, '''Moraviensis vel etiam Bohemico-Moraviensis, deinde Slavica meridionalis, similis Slavicae'''. Cocarda Rusinorum flava et caerulea est; Hungarorum et Polonorum revolutionariorum rubra, alba et viridis; Prussica nigra et alba est, et sic deinceps. Pragae, omnes cocardae privatae sine ulla exceptione ab anno MDCCCXLVIIII interdictae sunt.''".]] Absentia ullius praescripti legis explicat cur vexilla provincialia in scriptis huius aetatis variis modis depingantur. Plerumque auctor ea ex paucis vexillis reapse notis et regulis heraldicis, quae ad insignia pertinentia pertinent, derivabat. Quaestio peculiaris in Moravia saeculo undevicesimo fuit quod insigne moraviense duabus formis exstabat. Descriptio eius historica et publice agnita insignium [[Imperium|imperialium]] – qui per saecula in usu fuerant – erat aquila argentea et rubra alternis coloribus picta, cum corona et armatura aurea, in scuto caeruleo posita. Tamen, auctoritas ab imperatore Friderico III concessa in [[Diploma|diplomate]] die 7 Decembris 1462 edito, ut aquila scaccata aurea et rubra adhiberetur – quamquam haec compositio in usu non recepta est – adduxit, Postquam diploma in notitiam procuratorum administrationis provincialis Moravicae ad finem saeculorum XVIII et XIX pervenit – praesertim ab annis 1830 et 1840 – hoc ad auctos conatus administrationis provincialis adnotavit ut agnitio diplomatis ab imperatore impetraretur. Et quamquam usus eius non publice agnitus est usque ad annum MCMXV, complures sententiae a [[Magistratus|magistratibus]] Vindobonensibus editae significabant eos non adversari usu exemplaris aureo et rubro scaccatim dispositi in aquila. Quaestio igitur per saeculum undevicesimum fuit, utrum diploma validum, sed publice irritum, Friderici III praevaluerit insignibus Moraviae, quae usu historico probata et confirmata erant. Quaestio de coloribus provincialibus, ad quam pertinebat quaestio de forma vexilli provincialis (futuri), naturaliter a diversis sententiis de recta (valida) insigne provinciali affecta est.<ref name="Pícha - Moravské barvy a vlajky v revolučním roce 1848">{{cite book | last = Pícha | first = František | title = Moravské barvy a vlajky v revolučním roce 1848, in: Genealogické a heraldické informace 2017 : Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2018 | location = Brno | volume = 22 (37) | year = 2018 | pages = 40–41 | isbn = | language = cs }}</ref> Secundum quosdam auctores, vexillum Moravicum album, rubrum, caeruleumque est, fasciis horizontalibus eo ordine.<ref name="brozek50">{{cite book | last = Brožek | first = Aleš | title = Lexikon vlajek a znaků zemí světa | publisher = Kartografie | location = Praha | year = 2003 | pages = 50 | isbn = 8070117761 | language = cs }}</ref> Haec colorum coniunctio saeculo undevicesimo symbolum erat [[Civitas|civium]] moravicorum [[Patria|patriam]] [[Amor|amantium]]. <gallery> File:Modrobílá historická vlajka Moravy (1611).png|Vexillum historicum caeruleo et albo, memoratum iuxta vexillum caeruleum insigne provinciale Moraviae gerens ("''insigne provinciale eiusdem marchionatus''") in nuntiis anni MDCXII, qui adventum [[Praga|Pragam]] et [[Coronatio|coronationem]] [[Rex|regis]] [[Matthias (imperator)|Mathiae II]] describunt. File:Red-white historical flag of Moravia (from the first half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Compositio colorum rubrorum et alborum, quae usque ad ineuntem saeculum vicesimum adhibita est. File:Red-white-blue historical flag of Moravia (from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Tricolōr ruber, albus, caeruleusque, qui adhibitus est in secunda parte saeculi undevicesimi et in initio saeculi vicesimi.<ref name="Jan Havelka">{{Cite journal | last = Havelka | first = Jan | title = Erb a zemské barvy markkrabství moravského | journal = Komenský | access-date = 2015-12-15 | year = 1880 | number = 29 | pages = 454–455 | url = http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112042804044;view=1up;seq=463 | language = cs}}</ref><ref name="Orlice, časopis politický">{{Cite journal | title = O barvách praporů (8. 9. 1888) | journal = Orlice, časopis politický | location = Telč | year = 1888 | number = 19 | pages = Příloha Orlice k číslu 19 | language = cs}}</ref> File:Red-yellow historical flag of Moravia (from the middle of the 19th century or from the 2nd half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Vexillum bicolore rubrum et flavum. Aliud ex vexillis historicis Moraviae a secunda parte saeculi undevicesimi et ineunte saeculo vicesimo. </gallery> == Vexillum moravicum inter vexilla regionalia == [[File:Moravská orlice.jpg|thumb|right|Vexillum historicum Moraviae]] <gallery> File:Flag of Pardubice Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Pardubiensis File:Flag of Vysocina Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Vysočinae File:Flag of Olomouc Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis [[Olomucium|Olomucensis]] File:Flag of Moravian-Silesian Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Moravico-Silesiae File:Flag of Zlin Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Zlinensis </gallery> === Vexillum caeruleum aquila moravica insignis === Relatio vexillologica de vexillo moravico, quae submissa est [[Kalendae|Kalendis]] [[Iunius|Iuniis]] MMXIII per peritos Subcommissionis de [[Scientia heraldica|Heraldica]] et Vexillologia Camerae deputatōrum Parlamenti rei publicae Bohemicae (subcommissionis Commissionis de scientia, educatione, cultura, iuventute et educatione physica) – Zbyšek Svoboda, Pavel Fojtík, Petr Exner et Praeses Societatis Vexillologicae Bohemicae, Jaroslav Martykán, vexillum et insignia Moraviae, in vetustissima forma sua quae in monumentis invenitur, habentur historice aptissima, scilicet campum caeruleum gerentia aquilam scaccatorum alborum et rubrorum.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko" /> == Nexūs externi == {{Commonscat|Flags of Moravia|Vexillum Moraviae}} * [https://moravskavlajka.blogspot.com/ Moravská vlajka] == Notae == <references/> [[Categoria:Moravia]] [[Categoria:Vexilla]] mxgeglx23r8xdyi1fbj8l3cptq39xly 3974921 3974916 2026-07-27T09:48:46Z Pavel Fric 72468 typo 3974921 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina autotranslata | fons = [[:cs:Moravská vlajka]] conferantur [[Specialis:PermanentLink/3974324|versio labens]] et [https://cs-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moravsk%C3%A1_vlajka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=la pagina ''Google'' translata]—aut [[:it:Bandiera della Moravia]]—[https://it-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bandiera_della_Moravia?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=la pagina ''Google'' translata] | tempus = 2026-07-24 22:06:13 }} {{Vicificanda}} [[Fasciculus:Banner of arms of Moravia.svg|thumb|Vexillum Moraviae, ut annis 2002–2003 codificatum{{dubsig}} est. Historicum regionis Moravicae vexillum, constans ex campo caeruleo, qui [[aquila]]m rubro et albo damisatam{{dubsig}} cum [[corona]] et armis flavis gerit.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko">{{cite news | first=Zbyšek | last=Svoboda | first2=Pavel | last2=Fojtík | first3=Petr | last3=Exner | first4=Jaroslav | last4=Martykán | authorlink= | coauthors= | title=Odborné vexilologické stanovisko k moravské vlajce | booktitle=Vexilologie. Zpravodaj České vexilologické společnosti, o.s. č. 169 | pages=3319, 3320 | publisher=Česká vexilologická společnost | date=2013 | location=Brno | url=http://www.vexilologie.cz/index2.php?a=000&n=0 | accessdate=2017-08-20 | id= }}</ref><ref name="Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského">{{cite news | first=František | last=Pícha | authorlink= | coauthors= | title=Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského | booktitle=Vexilologie. Zpravodaj České vexilologické společnosti, o.s. č. 169 | pages=3320–3324 | publisher=Česká vexilologická společnost | date=2013 | location=Brno | url= | accessdate= | id= }}</ref>]] '''Vexillum Moraviense''' est symbolum quo [[Moravia (terra)|Moravia]] repraesentatur. Prima depictio insignis provincialis Moraviae in vexillo, cum [[Medium aevum|media aetate]] vexilla ex [[Insigne|insignibus]] derivarentur, invenitur in vexillo [[Marchio|marchionis]], quod in Codice Gelnhausenensi [[Anno Domini|anno]] MCDVII depictum est ([[aquila]] [[Argenteus|argentea]] et [[Ruber|rubra]], armatura [[Aureus (color)|aurea]] et corona aurea ornata, in campo [[Caeruleus|caeruleo]]).<ref name="ruzek22">{{cite web | last = Růžek | first = Vladimír | title = Cesty k definici (nejen) moravského znaku a praporu, in: Veřejná správa, Nr. 10 | year = 2013 | pages = 20–22:22 | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/webpm/clanek/historicke-symboly.aspx | language = cs }}</ref> Prima [[Scriba|descriptio]] [[Scriptura|scripta]] re vera toto [[Saeculum|saeculo]] vetustior est. Nihilominus, neque Marchio Moraviae, neque Moravia, neque Moravia-[[Silesia]] umquam [[vexillum]] adoptavit aut per actum legitimum ut ens [[Ius|iuridicum]] instituit. Ex variis documentis [[Historia|historicis]], [[Delineatio|delineationibus]], descriptionibusque fundatum est, quorum usu nullum fundamentum iuridicum erat. [[Cechoslovacia|Res publica Bohemoslovaca]] [[Color|colores]] album vel argenteum in insigne moravico iterum restituit ([[Lex]] n. 252/1920). Vexilla provincialia non sunt emendata legibus posterioribus (Legibus n. 269/1936, n. 222/1939, n. 163/1960 et Legibus hodie validis n. 3/1993 Coll. et n. 352/2001 Coll.). Hodie, vexillum bicolore [[Flavus|flavo]] et rubro, in medio insignia coloribus congruentibus praebens, interdum pro vexillo moravico usurpatur, praesertim a quibusdam [[Factio politica|factionibus politicis]], consociationibus aliisque [[Organizatio|organizationibus]] moraviensibus. [[File:Flag of South Moravian Region.svg|thumb|right|Vexillum Regionis Moraviae Meridionalis. Primum campum vexilli aquila moravica ornatur. In quarta et ultima parte vexilli aquila est cum ornatu [[Scaccarium|scaccato]] flavo et rubro, quae addita est ut [[symbolum]] reconciliationis et integrationis inter varios greges linguisticos, religiosos et ethnicos qui olim in Moravia Meridiana habitabant.<ref name="koudelka">{{cite book | last = Koudelka | first = Zdeněk | title = Znaky a vlajky Moravy a Slezska, in: Sborník z konference MORAVA 1918 | url = https://is.muni.cz/repo/1570777/Znaky_Moravy_a_Slezska.pdf | publisher = KEY Publishing s.r.o. | location = Ostrava | chapter = | pages = 58–73 | isbn = 978-80-7418-316-4 | language = cs | year = 2019 }}</ref>]] Vexillum Moraviense hunc statum non nactum est nisi annis MMII–MMIII, cum insignia et vexilla regionibus hodiernis assignata sunt, dimidio saeculo post abolitione systematis [[Provincia|provincialis]] et introductionem systematis [[Regio|regionalis]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Zákon č. 280/1948 Sb. Zákon o krajském zřízení | url = https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/1948-280#oddil1 | language = cs | accessdate = 2026-07-22 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20250211142519/https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/1948-280/#oddil1 | archivedate = 2025-02-11 }}</ref> Hoc vexillum in partem superiorem vexillorum regionum Vysočinae, Moraviae Meridionalis, Olomucensis et Zlìnensis, necnon in partem superiorem vexillorum regionum Pardubicensis et Moravico-Silesiae incorporatur. Vexillum caeruleum est; in medio campo caeruleo est aquila quadratim disposita, alis albis et rubris, corona et armatura aurea ornata.<ref>{{cite book | title = Historie, moravské barvy a moravská vlajka | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/clanek/historie-moravske-barvy-a-moravska-vlajka.aspx | publisher = Ministerstvo vnitra ČR | year = 2013 | language = cs }}</ref> Etiam hoc modo ineunte [[Martius|Martio]] anni MMXXIII a grege Legumlatrorum [[Parlamentum|Parlamenti]] [[Cechia|rei publicae Bohemicae]] in rogatione propositum est, quae consilium insignium et vexillorum regionalium codificaret.<ref>{{cite web | title = Návrh poslanců Radka Vondráčka, Pavla Blažka, Petra Gazdíka, Lucie Šafránkové, Mariana Jurečky, Vlastimila Válka a dalších na vydání zákona o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://www.psp.cz/sqw/text/orig2.sqw?idd=225139 | language = cs}}</ref> Rogatio paulatim in ordine rerum agendarum complurium sessionum Camerae Deputatōrum inclusa est, sed ibi non disputata est. Rogatio, a Radeko Vondráček, legato, die XXII Ianuarii anno MMXXVI iterum proposita, non praescribit fines historicos regionum insignibus regionalibus notandos esse, sicut in rogatione priore statutum erat.<ref>{{cite web | title = Parlament České republiky. Poslanecká sněmovna. 10. volební období. 87/0. Návrh poslance Radka Vondráčka na vydání zákona o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://www.psp.cz/sqw/text/orig2.sqw?idd=267037 | language = cs }}</ref> Rogatio insignia et vexilla regionalia in legem aperte sancit, praescribens ut forma eorum ad insigne nationale conformetur, et cuilibet permittit ut iis utatur. Una tantum condicio est ut debita cum reverentia tractentur.<ref>{{cite web | title = ODok Portál. Zákon o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://odok.gov.cz/portal/veklep/material/KORNDQQNALEE/ | language = cs }}</ref> == Historia vexilli moravici == === Historia antiquissima === [[File:Nejstarší dochované barevné vyobrazení znaku markraběcí Moravy, hrad Gozzoburg v Kremži.jpeg|thumb|Veterrima pictura colorata superstes armorum Marchionatus Moraviae.]] Historia vexilli moravici – vel, accuratius, insignis moravici (quod, dissimile vexillo, perpetuo in alveo affigitur) – dives et varia est, quae saeculo tertio decimo coepit, cum rationes inter [[Bohemia|Bohemiam]] et Moraviam ordinabantur ad [[Monarchia|monarchiam]] centralizatam a [[Premyslidae|Premyslidis]] ultimis constituendam. Primum mentio vexilli moravici colorumque eius invenitur in [[Annales|chronica]] Ottocari Styriae, quae ad finem saeculi duodecimi et initium saeculi quarti decimi pertinet. Haec est [[narratio]] [[Proelium|proelii]] Kressenbrunnensis, quod die XII [[Iulius|Iulii]] anno MCCLX factum est. Insignia Bohemiae et Moraviae in chronica [[Bela IV (rex Hungariae)|Belae IV]] a Iindrico Preisslero, [[Comes|comite]] castrorum eius, vive describuntur. Prae [[Exercitus|exercitu]] bohemico progrediente ducebat [[Ottocarus II (rex Bohemiae)|Ottocarus II]], prope quem vexillum fluitabat, [[Leo|leone]] [[Albus|albo]] in velluto rubro insigni, et iuxta eum alterum vexillum, quod formam aquilae moravicae quadratam rubro et albo coloribus monstrabat.<ref name="Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ottokars Österreichische Reimchronik (MGH Deutsche Chroniken V,1) |url=http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00000779/images/index.html?id=00000779&groesser=&fip=193.174.98.30&no=&seite=226 |accessdate=2016-07-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ottokar von Steiermark: 'Steirische Reimchronik' |url=http://www.handschriftencensus.de/werke/602 |publisher=www.handschriftencensus.de |accessdate=2017-08-19 }}</ref> ''Hern Dietrich Spatzmanen'' ''sach man die banier leiten:'' ''in einem rȏten samît breiten'' ''was gewohrt ein lewe wîz.'' ''ouch heten ir baniere flîz,'' (Etiam illi suas vexilla habebant,) '''''die von Merhaeren wârn''':'' (qui ex Moravia venerunt:) '''''ein geschâchzabelten arn''''' (Aquila scaccata) '''''von rȏter und von wîzer varbe''''' (rubro et albo picta) '''''sach man ob in begarbe''''' (super eos plane conspicue) '''''waejen von dem winde.''''' (in vento fluitabat.)<ref>{{cite web | title = Nejstarší zmínka o praporu Moravy v kronice Ottokara Štýrského | url = http://moravskaorlice.blogspot.com/2014/09/nejstarsi-zminka-o-praporu-moravy-v.html | language = cs}}</ref> Postea, colores vexilli ex coloribus armorum derivati sunt.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko" /> Ex regno Ottocari II, [[titulus]] margravi Moraviae repraesentatur aquila argentea et rubra scaccata, [[Coronatio|corona]] aurea et unguibus aureis ornata, ad dextram versa, in [[Scutum|scuto]] caeruleo posita.<ref name="vojtisek21">{{cite book | last=Vojtíšek | first=Václav | title=Naše státní znaky (staré a nynější) | publisher=Vesmír | place=Pragae | year=1921 | page=21 | language=Czech}}</ref><ref name="Pícha - O klenotu znaku moravského markraběte">{{cite news | last = Pícha | first = František | title = O klenotu znaku moravského markraběte | url = | publisher = | location = Brno | booktitle = Genealogické a heraldické informace 2010: Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2011 | volume = 15 (30) | year = 2011 | číslo = | počet_stran = 174 | pages = 7-32 | isbn = | language = česky }}</ref> Veterrima aquilae scaccatae effigies in Gozzoburg invenitur. [[Pictura|Picturae]] in aula arcis localis [[Cremisa (urbs)|Cremsensis]] non post annum circiter MCCLXX (MCCLXIX) pictae sunt, aut cum nuper aedificata capella Sanctae Catharinae (MCCLXVII) coniunguntur; utroque casu, post annum MCCLXII factae sunt. In aula insignes armorum Bohemiae, Moraviae, [[Austria|Austriae]] et [[Styria|Styriae]] apparent, sed insignia [[Carinthia|Carinthiae]] et [[Carniola|Carniolae]], quae Ottocarus II anno MCCLXIX hereditate accepit, absunt.<ref name="Pícha, Krejčík - Gozzoburg">{{cite news | last = Krejčík | first = Tomáš | last2 = Pícha | first2 = František | title = Český a moravský znak ve znakové galerii v Gozzoburgu v Kremsu | location = Brno | booktitle = Genealogické a heraldické informace 2008 : Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2009 | volume = 13 (28) | year = 2009 | pages = 49-57 | issn = 0862-8963 | language = Czech }}</ref> [[File:Jošt Moravský, též Lucemburský -.jpg|thumb|left|Margravius [[Iodocus a Moravia]], vexillum aquila Moravica quadratim alba et rubra in Codice Gelnhausenensi (saeculo XIV/XV).]] Aquila scaccata insigne Moraviae terrae habetur saltem ex tempore [[Domus Luxemburgica|Luxemburgense]].<ref name="Adamová">{{cite book | last = Adamová | first = Karolina | title = K heraldické výzdobě Staroměstské mostecké věže. Právně historický pohled, in: Pražský sborník historický | publisher = Panorama | location = Praha | volume = 15 | year = 1982 | pages = 44–62 | language = cs }}</ref> Una ex antiquissimis [[Imago|imaginibus]] notis vexilli aquila moravica insignis est illa in [[Codex|Codice]] Gelnhausen, quae imaginem margravi Moraviae [[Iodocus a Moravia|Iodocum]] monstrat, qui vexillum caeruleum tenet, aquila moravica in campo albo et rubro scaccato, cum corona et armatura flava (ut par est, sine scuto).<ref name="ruzek22" /> [[Codicologia|Codex]] scriptus est aliquando inter ultimum tertium saeculi quarti decimi et primum tertium saeculi quinti decimi.<ref>{{cite web | title = Gelnhausenův kodex (kodex A) - právní kniha. Jošt Lucemburský s moravským praporem v Jihlavské právní knize z roku 1407 na foliu 63r. | url = http://www.manuscriptorium.com/apps/index.php?direct=record&pid=AIPDIG-SOAJ__MESTSKASPRAV0TBA6E4-cs#search | language = cs }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Jihlavský archiv ukázal své nejvzácnější dokumenty, jinak nepřístupné | url = https://jihlava.idnes.cz/vzacne-dokumenty-jihlavskeho-archivu-dx1-/jihlava-zpravy.aspx?c=A121101_143951_jihlava-zpravy_mv | language = cs }}</ref> [[Charta]] armorum Romanorum Imperatoris [[Fridericus III|Friderici III]], data VII [[December|Decembris]] anno MCDLXII, quod, a [[Henricus|Henrico]] de Lippa, capitanei [[Provincia|terrae]] Moraviae et [[Marescalcus|marescalci]] [[Regnum Bohemiae|Regni Bohemiae]], ex incepto statuum moravorum editum est, documentum fuit quod, sub regno [[Georgius Podiebradensis|Georgii Podiebradensis]], primigenium colorem argenteum aquilae moravicae mutavit, quod campos argenteos tessellaturae in aureos mutavit, atque ita novum statuum insigne creavit (''color albus in glaucum sive aureum transmutetur'': color albus in flavum vel aureum mutatus est).<ref name="vojtisek222">{{cite book | last = Vojtíšek | first = Václav | title = Naše státní znaky (staré a nynější) | publisher = Vesmír | location = Praha | pages = 22 | language = cs | year = 1921 }}</ref><ref name="Alexius Habrich, Iura primaeva Moraviae2">{{cite web | last = Habrich | first = Alexius (ed.) | title = Iura primaeva Moraviae | url = https://reader.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb10542951_00038.html | location = Brno | pages = 38–42 | language = la | year = 1781 }}</ref><ref name="Josef Kalousek, Archiv český2">{{cite web | last = Kalousek | first = Josef (ed.) | title = Archiv český čili staré písemné památky české i moravské, svazek X | url = https://sources.cms.flu.cas.cz/src/index.php?s=v&action=jdi&cat=10&bookid=800&page=273&action_button.x=0&action_button.y=0 | location = Praha | pages = 273–274 | language = la | year = 1890 }}</ref><ref name="Berthold Bretholz2">{{cite book | last = Bretholz | first = Berthold | title = Das mährische Landesarchiv, Seine Geschichte, seine Bestände | location = Brno | pages = 124 | language = de la | year = 1908 }}</ref> [[Editio|Publicatio]] huius diplomae exemplum est interventionis in res internas terrarum bohemicarum, cum Fridericus III, ut Romanorum Imperator, eam statibus Moravicis concesserit. Tamen Moravia [[Regio|pars]] Coronae regni Bohemiae erat et, secundum leges a [[Carolus IV (imperator)|Carolo IV]] latas, rex [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] nullam potestatem habebat talis [[Consilium|consilii]] capiendi, cum Moraviae res sub directa potestate Regis regni Bohemiae esset.<ref name="starha92">{{cite web | last = Štarha | first = Ivan | title = Historie, moravské barvy a moravská vlajka, in: Veřejná správa | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/clanek/historie-moravske-barvy-a-moravska-vlajka.aspx | year = 2013 | pages = 8–9 | language = cs }}</ref> Ex prospectu historico, plures versiones vexillorum Moravicorum exstiterunt, quae simul duabus aut tribus coloribus ex insignibus provincialibus derivatis adhibebantur, praesertim saeculo undevicesimo.<ref name="hlinomaz167">''Ke státní a zemské symbolice českého státu v období 1526–1918'', s. 167.</ref> [[File:Slavobrána postavená v Kuníně v roce 1845 u příležitosti návštěvy arcivévody Františka Karla, kolorovaná litografie.png|thumb|Porta caerimonialis Kunini anno MDCCCXLV exstructa ad visitationem Archducis Francisci Caroli commemorandam. Relatio eius temporis describit vexilla bicolora, nigrum et flavum et rubrum et album, in turribus vexata, tamquam colores et Austriacos et Moravicos provinciales.]] Initio saeculi undevicesimi, Moravia erat regio non [[Autonomia|autonoma]], quae ab anno MDCCCIV pars [[Imperium Austriacum|Imperii Austriaci erat]], quod paulo ante finalem collapsum [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] constitutum erat. Erat una ex finibus regiae dicatis, quae a praeside provinciali [[Gubernator|gubernabatur]]. Regulis a regimine centrali [[Vindobona|Vindobonae]] edictis tenebatur. Ex [[Tempus|tempore]] priore pauca indicia sunt usus colorum provincialium moravicorum. Imperator Moraviae [[dux]] erat, et cum titulus margravius unus tantum ex multis quos tenebat esset, ei certam imaginem visualem non requirebat. Quapropter, per paene totam primam partem saeculi undevicesimi, colores provinciales non eandem significationem habebant quam a medio illius saeculi deinceps habuerunt. Potestates [[Corpus|corporum]] administrativorum statuum provinciales finitae erant. Non habebant [[Auctoritas|auctoritatem]] nec repraesentandi nec repraesentari. [[Rectio|Gubernatio]] provincialis sui iuris potestates satis amplas nonnisi promulgatione [[Constitutio|Constitutionis]] Decembris anno MDCCCLXI accepit, post quam singulae provinciae suas constitutiones sanxerunt. Tamen, neque hae neque ullum aliud instrumentum minoris [[vis]] legitimae colores vel vexilla provincialia designaverunt. Quamquam hae notiones saeculo undevicesimo exstiterunt, vocabula inania erant, id est, iure nec generaliter nec speciatim definita. Describendo igitur tempus ante annum MCMXVIII, non est rectum dicere "vexillum provinciale Marchionatus Moraviae fuisse bicolorem horizontalem flavam et rubram", cum in nullo instrumento [[Legalitas|legali]] ita definitum sit. Licetne simpliciter dicere "auctoritates provinciales rubrum et flavum ut colores provinciales inter annos MDCCCXLVIII et MCMXVIII adhibuisse", an, si iustificari potest, "ut vexillum provinciale Moraviae, magistratus provinciales bicolorem rubro et flavo inter annos MDCCCXLVIII et MCMXVIII adhibuerunt". [[File:Cockade of Moravia, the historical land of the Czech Republic, red-white-blue.svg|thumb|right|In Ludovici Ritteri Dictionariolo Pochtario Diurnariis et Colloquiis (titulo Bohemico "Kapesní slovníček novinářský a konverzační"), anno MDCCCLI edito, haec de coloribus cocardarum dicuntur: "''Cocarda est rosula aut fasciculus rotundus qui in [[Petasus|petaso]] aut [[paenula]] geritur, qui certam [[Mens|mentem]], [[Natio|nationem]], unitatem, [[Congregatio|congregationem]], etc. significat. A [[Mulier|mulieribus]] gesta, in capillo aut in [[Mamma|pectore]] affigitur. Notae sunt insignes variorum motuum politicorum ab anno MDCCCXLVIII, praesertim Slavorum, '''rubri, albi et caerulei coloris''', deinde colores [[Niger (color)|nigro]]-rubro-flavi partis Germanicae et eius variae controversiae. Imperialis Austriaca, quam exercitus hic gerit, nigra et flava est, Bohemica et Polonica alba et rubra, '''Moraviensis vel etiam Bohemico-Moraviensis, deinde Slavica meridionalis, similis Slavicae'''. Cocarda Rusinorum flava et caerulea est; Hungarorum et Polonorum revolutionariorum rubra, alba et viridis; Prussica nigra et alba est, et sic deinceps. Pragae, omnes cocardae privatae sine ulla exceptione ab anno MDCCCXLVIIII interdictae sunt.''".]] Absentia ullius praescripti legis explicat cur vexilla provincialia in scriptis huius aetatis variis modis depingantur. Plerumque auctor ea ex paucis vexillis reapse notis et regulis heraldicis, quae ad insignia pertinentia pertinent, derivabat. Quaestio peculiaris in Moravia saeculo undevicesimo fuit quod insigne moraviense duabus formis exstabat. Descriptio eius historica et publice agnita insignium [[Imperium|imperialium]] – qui per saecula in usu fuerant – erat aquila argentea et rubra alternis coloribus picta, cum corona et armatura aurea, in scuto caeruleo posita. Tamen, auctoritas ab imperatore Friderico III concessa in [[Diploma|diplomate]] die 7 Decembris 1462 edito, ut aquila scaccata aurea et rubra adhiberetur – quamquam haec compositio in usu non recepta est – adduxit, Postquam diploma in notitiam procuratorum administrationis provincialis Moravicae ad finem saeculorum XVIII et XIX pervenit – praesertim ab annis 1830 et 1840 – hoc ad auctos conatus administrationis provincialis adnotavit ut agnitio diplomatis ab imperatore impetraretur. Et quamquam usus eius non publice agnitus est usque ad annum MCMXV, complures sententiae a [[Magistratus|magistratibus]] Vindobonensibus editae significabant eos non adversari usu exemplaris aureo et rubro scaccatim dispositi in aquila. Quaestio igitur per saeculum undevicesimum fuit, utrum diploma validum, sed publice irritum, Friderici III praevaluerit insignibus Moraviae, quae usu historico probata et confirmata erant. Quaestio de coloribus provincialibus, ad quam pertinebat quaestio de forma vexilli provincialis (futuri), naturaliter a diversis sententiis de recta (valida) insigne provinciali affecta est.<ref name="Pícha - Moravské barvy a vlajky v revolučním roce 1848">{{cite book | last = Pícha | first = František | title = Moravské barvy a vlajky v revolučním roce 1848, in: Genealogické a heraldické informace 2017 : Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2018 | location = Brno | volume = 22 (37) | year = 2018 | pages = 40–41 | isbn = | language = cs }}</ref> Secundum quosdam auctores, vexillum Moravicum album, rubrum, caeruleumque est, fasciis horizontalibus eo ordine.<ref name="brozek50">{{cite book | last = Brožek | first = Aleš | title = Lexikon vlajek a znaků zemí světa | publisher = Kartografie | location = Praha | year = 2003 | pages = 50 | isbn = 8070117761 | language = cs }}</ref> Haec colorum coniunctio saeculo undevicesimo symbolum erat [[Civitas|civium]] moravicorum [[Patria|patriam]] [[Amor|amantium]]. <gallery> File:Modrobílá historická vlajka Moravy (1611).png|Vexillum historicum caeruleo et albo, memoratum iuxta vexillum caeruleum insigne provinciale Moraviae gerens ("''insigne provinciale eiusdem marchionatus''") in nuntiis anni MDCXII, qui adventum [[Praga|Pragam]] et [[Coronatio|coronationem]] [[Rex|regis]] [[Matthias (imperator)|Mathiae II]] describunt. File:Red-white historical flag of Moravia (from the first half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Compositio colorum rubrorum et alborum, quae usque ad ineuntem saeculum vicesimum adhibita est. File:Red-white-blue historical flag of Moravia (from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Tricolōr ruber, albus, caeruleusque, qui adhibitus est in secunda parte saeculi undevicesimi et in initio saeculi vicesimi.<ref name="Jan Havelka">{{Cite journal | last = Havelka | first = Jan | title = Erb a zemské barvy markkrabství moravského | journal = Komenský | access-date = 2015-12-15 | year = 1880 | number = 29 | pages = 454–455 | url = http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112042804044;view=1up;seq=463 | language = cs}}</ref><ref name="Orlice, časopis politický">{{Cite journal | title = O barvách praporů (8. 9. 1888) | journal = Orlice, časopis politický | location = Telč | year = 1888 | number = 19 | pages = Příloha Orlice k číslu 19 | language = cs}}</ref> File:Red-yellow historical flag of Moravia (from the middle of the 19th century or from the 2nd half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Vexillum bicolore rubrum et flavum. Aliud ex vexillis historicis Moraviae a secunda parte saeculi undevicesimi et ineunte saeculo vicesimo. </gallery> == Vexillum moravicum inter vexilla regionalia == [[File:Moravská orlice.jpg|thumb|right|Vexillum historicum Moraviae]] <gallery> File:Flag of Pardubice Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Pardubiensis File:Flag of Vysocina Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Vysočinae File:Flag of Olomouc Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis [[Olomucium|Olomucensis]] File:Flag of Moravian-Silesian Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Moravico-Silesiae File:Flag of Zlin Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Zlinensis </gallery> === Vexillum caeruleum aquila moravica insignis === Relatio vexillologica de vexillo moravico, quae submissa est [[Kalendae|Kalendis]] [[Iunius|Iuniis]] MMXIII per peritos Subcommissionis de [[Scientia heraldica|Heraldica]] et Vexillologia Camerae deputatōrum Parlamenti rei publicae Bohemicae (subcommissionis Commissionis de scientia, educatione, cultura, iuventute et educatione physica) – Zbyšek Svoboda, Pavel Fojtík, Petr Exner et Praeses Societatis Vexillologicae Bohemicae, Jaroslav Martykán, vexillum et insignia Moraviae, in vetustissima forma sua quae in monumentis invenitur, habentur historice aptissima, scilicet campum caeruleum gerentia aquilam scaccatorum alborum et rubrorum.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko" /> == Nexūs externi == {{Commonscat|Flags of Moravia|Vexillum Moraviae}} * [https://moravskavlajka.blogspot.com/ Moravská vlajka] == Notae == <references/> [[Categoria:Moravia]] [[Categoria:Vexilla]] rt4svupd0wmwakxsohfjnga72zyvuel 3974922 3974921 2026-07-27T09:58:35Z Pavel Fric 72468 typo 3974922 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina autotranslata | fons = [[:cs:Moravská vlajka]] conferantur [[Specialis:PermanentLink/3974324|versio labens]] et [https://cs-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moravsk%C3%A1_vlajka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=la pagina ''Google'' translata]—aut [[:it:Bandiera della Moravia]]—[https://it-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bandiera_della_Moravia?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=la pagina ''Google'' translata] | tempus = 2026-07-24 22:06:13 }} {{Vicificanda}} [[Fasciculus:Banner of arms of Moravia.svg|thumb|Vexillum Moraviae, ut annis 2002–2003 codificatum{{dubsig}} est. Historicum regionis Moravicae vexillum, constans ex campo caeruleo, qui [[aquila]]m rubro et albo damisatam{{dubsig}} cum [[corona]] et armis flavis gerit.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko">{{cite news | first=Zbyšek | last=Svoboda | first2=Pavel | last2=Fojtík | first3=Petr | last3=Exner | first4=Jaroslav | last4=Martykán | authorlink= | coauthors= | title=Odborné vexilologické stanovisko k moravské vlajce | booktitle=Vexilologie. Zpravodaj České vexilologické společnosti, o.s. č. 169 | pages=3319, 3320 | publisher=Česká vexilologická společnost | date=2013 | location=Brno | url=http://www.vexilologie.cz/index2.php?a=000&n=0 | accessdate=2017-08-20 | id= }}</ref><ref name="Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského">{{cite news | first=František | last=Pícha | authorlink= | coauthors= | title=Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského | booktitle=Vexilologie. Zpravodaj České vexilologické společnosti, o.s. č. 169 | pages=3320–3324 | publisher=Česká vexilologická společnost | date=2013 | location=Brno | url= | accessdate= | id= }}</ref>]] '''Vexillum Moraviense''' est symbolum quo [[Moravia (terra)|Moravia]] repraesentatur. Prima depictio insignis provincialis Moraviae in vexillo, cum [[Medium aevum|media aetate]] vexilla ex [[Insigne|insignibus]] derivarentur, invenitur in vexillo [[Marchio|marchionis]], quod in Codice Gelnhausenensi [[Anno Domini|anno]] MCDVII depictum est ([[aquila]] [[Argenteus|argentea]] et [[Ruber|rubra]], armatura [[Aureus (color)|aurea]] et corona aurea ornata, in campo [[Caeruleus|caeruleo]]).<ref name="ruzek22">{{cite web | last = Růžek | first = Vladimír | title = Cesty k definici (nejen) moravského znaku a praporu, in: Veřejná správa, Nr. 10 | year = 2013 | pages = 20–22:22 | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/webpm/clanek/historicke-symboly.aspx | language = cs }}</ref> Prima [[Scriba|descriptio]] [[Scriptura|scripta]] re vera toto [[Saeculum|saeculo]] vetustior est. Nihilominus, neque Marchio Moraviae, neque Moravia, neque Moravia-[[Silesia]] umquam [[vexillum]] adoptavit aut per actum legitimum ut ens [[Ius|iuridicum]] instituit. Ex variis documentis [[Historia|historicis]], [[Delineatio|delineationibus]], descriptionibusque fundatum est, quorum usu nullum fundamentum iuridicum erat. [[Cechoslovacia|Res publica Bohemoslovaca]] [[Color|colores]] album vel argenteum in insigne moravico iterum restituit ([[Lex]] n. 252/1920). Vexilla provincialia non sunt emendata legibus posterioribus (Legibus n. 269/1936, n. 222/1939, n. 163/1960 et Legibus hodie validis n. 3/1993 Coll. et n. 352/2001 Coll.). Hodie, vexillum bicolore [[Flavus|flavo]] et rubro, in medio insignia coloribus congruentibus praebens, interdum pro vexillo moravico usurpatur, praesertim a quibusdam [[Factio politica|factionibus politicis]], consociationibus aliisque [[Organizatio|organizationibus]] moraviensibus. [[File:Flag of South Moravian Region.svg|thumb|right|Vexillum Regionis Moraviae Meridionalis. Primum campum vexilli aquila moravica ornatur. In quarta et ultima parte vexilli aquila est cum ornatu [[Scaccarium|scaccato]] flavo et rubro, quae addita est ut [[symbolum]] reconciliationis et integrationis inter varios greges linguisticos, religiosos et ethnicos qui olim in Moravia Meridiana habitabant.<ref name="koudelka">{{cite book | last = Koudelka | first = Zdeněk | title = Znaky a vlajky Moravy a Slezska, in: Sborník z konference MORAVA 1918 | url = https://is.muni.cz/repo/1570777/Znaky_Moravy_a_Slezska.pdf | publisher = KEY Publishing s.r.o. | location = Ostrava | chapter = | pages = 58–73 | isbn = 978-80-7418-316-4 | language = cs | year = 2019 }}</ref>]] Vexillum Moraviense hunc statum non nactum est nisi annis MMII–MMIII, cum insignia et vexilla regionibus hodiernis assignata sunt, dimidio saeculo post abolitione systematis [[Provincia|provincialis]] et introductionem systematis [[Regio|regionalis]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Zákon č. 280/1948 Sb. Zákon o krajském zřízení | url = https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/1948-280#oddil1 | language = cs | accessdate = 2026-07-22 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20250211142519/https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/1948-280/#oddil1 | archivedate = 2025-02-11 }}</ref> Hoc vexillum in partem superiorem vexillorum regionum Vysočinae, Moraviae Meridionalis, Olomucensis et Zlìnensis, necnon in partem superiorem vexillorum regionum Pardubicensis et Moravico-Silesiae incorporatur. Vexillum caeruleum est; in medio campo caeruleo est aquila quadratim disposita, alis albis et rubris, corona et armatura aurea ornata.<ref>{{cite book | title = Historie, moravské barvy a moravská vlajka | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/clanek/historie-moravske-barvy-a-moravska-vlajka.aspx | publisher = Ministerstvo vnitra ČR | year = 2013 | language = cs }}</ref> Etiam hoc modo ineunte [[Martius|Martio]] anni MMXXIII a grege Legumlatrorum [[Parlamentum|Parlamenti]] [[Cechia|rei publicae Bohemicae]] in rogatione propositum est, quae consilium insignium et vexillorum regionalium codificaret.<ref>{{cite web | title = Návrh poslanců Radka Vondráčka, Pavla Blažka, Petra Gazdíka, Lucie Šafránkové, Mariana Jurečky, Vlastimila Válka a dalších na vydání zákona o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://www.psp.cz/sqw/text/orig2.sqw?idd=225139 | language = cs}}</ref> Rogatio paulatim in ordine rerum agendarum complurium sessionum Camerae Deputatōrum inclusa est, sed ibi non disputata est. Rogatio, a Radeko Vondráček, legato, die XXII Ianuarii anno MMXXVI iterum proposita, non praescribit fines historicos regionum insignibus regionalibus notandos esse, sicut in rogatione priore statutum erat.<ref>{{cite web | title = Parlament České republiky. Poslanecká sněmovna. 10. volební období. 87/0. Návrh poslance Radka Vondráčka na vydání zákona o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://www.psp.cz/sqw/text/orig2.sqw?idd=267037 | language = cs }}</ref> Rogatio insignia et vexilla regionalia in legem aperte sancit, praescribens ut forma eorum ad insigne nationale conformetur, et cuilibet permittit ut iis utatur. Una tantum condicio est ut debita cum reverentia tractentur.<ref>{{cite web | title = ODok Portál. Zákon o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://odok.gov.cz/portal/veklep/material/KORNDQQNALEE/ | language = cs }}</ref> == Historia vexilli moravici == === Historia antiquissima === [[File:Nejstarší dochované barevné vyobrazení znaku markraběcí Moravy, hrad Gozzoburg v Kremži.jpeg|thumb|Veterrima pictura colorata superstes armorum Marchionatus Moraviae.]] Historia vexilli moravici – vel, accuratius, insignis moravici (quod, dissimile vexillo, perpetuo in alveo affigitur) – dives et varia est, quae saeculo tertio decimo coepit, cum rationes inter [[Bohemia|Bohemiam]] et Moraviam ordinabantur ad [[Monarchia|monarchiam]] centralizatam a [[Premyslidae|Premyslidis]] ultimis constituendam. Primum mentio vexilli moravici colorumque eius invenitur in [[Annales|chronica]] Ottocari Styriae, quae ad finem saeculi duodecimi et initium saeculi quarti decimi pertinet. Haec est [[narratio]] [[Proelium|proelii]] Kressenbrunnensis, quod die XII [[Iulius|Iulii]] anno MCCLX factum est. Insignia Bohemiae et Moraviae in chronica [[Bela IV (rex Hungariae)|Belae IV]] a Iindrico Preisslero, [[Comes|comite]] castrorum eius, vive describuntur. Prae [[Exercitus|exercitu]] bohemico progrediente ducebat [[Ottocarus II (rex Bohemiae)|Ottocarus II]], prope quem vexillum fluitabat, [[Leo|leone]] [[Albus|albo]] in velluto rubro insigni, et iuxta eum alterum vexillum, quod formam aquilae moravicae quadratam rubro et albo coloribus monstrabat.<ref name="Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ottokars Österreichische Reimchronik (MGH Deutsche Chroniken V,1) |url=http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00000779/images/index.html?id=00000779&groesser=&fip=193.174.98.30&no=&seite=226 |accessdate=2016-07-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ottokar von Steiermark: 'Steirische Reimchronik' |url=http://www.handschriftencensus.de/werke/602 |publisher=www.handschriftencensus.de |accessdate=2017-08-19 }}</ref> ''Hern Dietrich Spatzmanen'' ''sach man die banier leiten:'' ''in einem rȏten samît breiten'' ''was gewohrt ein lewe wîz.'' ''ouch heten ir baniere flîz,'' (Etiam illi suas vexilla habebant,) '''''die von Merhaeren wârn''':'' (qui ex Moravia venerunt:) '''''ein geschâchzabelten arn''''' (Aquila scaccata) '''''von rȏter und von wîzer varbe''''' (rubro et albo picta) '''''sach man ob in begarbe''''' (super eos plane conspicue) '''''waejen von dem winde.''''' (in vento fluitabat.)<ref>{{cite web | title = Nejstarší zmínka o praporu Moravy v kronice Ottokara Štýrského | url = http://moravskaorlice.blogspot.com/2014/09/nejstarsi-zminka-o-praporu-moravy-v.html | language = cs}}</ref> Postea, colores vexilli ex coloribus armorum derivati sunt.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko" /> Ex regno Ottocari II, [[titulus]] margravi Moraviae repraesentatur aquila argentea et rubra scaccata, [[Coronatio|corona]] aurea et unguibus aureis ornata, ad dextram versa, in [[Scutum|scuto]] caeruleo posita.<ref name="vojtisek21">{{cite book | last=Vojtíšek | first=Václav | title=Naše státní znaky (staré a nynější) | publisher=Vesmír | place=Pragae | year=1921 | page=21 | language=Czech}}</ref><ref name="Pícha - O klenotu znaku moravského markraběte">{{cite news | last = Pícha | first = František | title = O klenotu znaku moravského markraběte | url = | publisher = | location = Brno | booktitle = Genealogické a heraldické informace 2010: Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2011 | volume = 15 (30) | year = 2011 | číslo = | počet_stran = 174 | pages = 7-32 | isbn = | language = česky }}</ref> Veterrima aquilae scaccatae effigies in Gozzoburg invenitur. [[Pictura|Picturae]] in aula arcis localis [[Cremisa (urbs)|Cremsensis]] non post annum circiter MCCLXX (MCCLXIX) pictae sunt, aut cum nuper aedificata capella Sanctae Catharinae (MCCLXVII) coniunguntur; utroque casu, post annum MCCLXII factae sunt. In aula insignes armorum Bohemiae, Moraviae, [[Austria|Austriae]] et [[Styria|Styriae]] apparent, sed insignia [[Carinthia|Carinthiae]] et [[Carniola|Carniolae]], quae Ottocarus II anno MCCLXIX hereditate accepit, absunt.<ref name="Pícha, Krejčík - Gozzoburg">{{cite news | last = Krejčík | first = Tomáš | last2 = Pícha | first2 = František | title = Český a moravský znak ve znakové galerii v Gozzoburgu v Kremsu | location = Brno | booktitle = Genealogické a heraldické informace 2008 : Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2009 | volume = 13 (28) | year = 2009 | pages = 49-57 | issn = 0862-8963 | language = Czech }}</ref> [[File:Jošt Moravský, též Lucemburský -.jpg|thumb|left|Margravius [[Iodocus a Moravia]], vexillum aquila Moravica quadratim alba et rubra in Codice Gelnhausenensi (saeculo XIV/XV).]] Aquila scaccata insigne Moraviae terrae habetur saltem ex tempore [[Domus Luxemburgica|Luxemburgense]].<ref name="Adamová">{{cite book | last = Adamová | first = Karolina | title = K heraldické výzdobě Staroměstské mostecké věže. Právně historický pohled, in: Pražský sborník historický | publisher = Panorama | location = Praha | volume = 15 | year = 1982 | pages = 44–62 | language = cs }}</ref> Una ex antiquissimis [[Imago|imaginibus]] notis vexilli aquila moravica insignis est illa in [[Codex|Codice]] Gelnhausen, quae imaginem margravi Moraviae [[Iodocus a Moravia|Iodocum]] monstrat, qui vexillum caeruleum tenet, aquila moravica in campo albo et rubro scaccato, cum corona et armatura flava (ut par est, sine scuto).<ref name="ruzek22" /> [[Codicologia|Codex]] scriptus est aliquando inter ultimum tertium saeculi quarti decimi et primum tertium saeculi quinti decimi.<ref>{{cite web | title = Gelnhausenův kodex (kodex A) - právní kniha. Jošt Lucemburský s moravským praporem v Jihlavské právní knize z roku 1407 na foliu 63r. | url = http://www.manuscriptorium.com/apps/index.php?direct=record&pid=AIPDIG-SOAJ__MESTSKASPRAV0TBA6E4-cs#search | language = cs }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Jihlavský archiv ukázal své nejvzácnější dokumenty, jinak nepřístupné | url = https://jihlava.idnes.cz/vzacne-dokumenty-jihlavskeho-archivu-dx1-/jihlava-zpravy.aspx?c=A121101_143951_jihlava-zpravy_mv | language = cs }}</ref> [[Charta]] armorum Romanorum Imperatoris [[Fridericus III|Friderici III]], data VII [[December|Decembris]] anno MCDLXII, quod, a [[Henricus|Henrico]] de Lippa, capitanei [[Provincia|terrae]] Moraviae et [[Marescalcus|marescalci]] [[Regnum Bohemiae|Regni Bohemiae]], ex incepto statuum moravorum editum est, documentum fuit quod, sub regno [[Georgius Podiebradensis|Georgii Podiebradensis]], primigenium colorem argenteum aquilae moravicae mutavit, quod campos argenteos tessellaturae in aureos mutavit, atque ita novum statuum insigne creavit (''color albus in glaucum sive aureum transmutetur'': color albus in flavum vel aureum mutatus est).<ref name="vojtisek222">{{cite book | last = Vojtíšek | first = Václav | title = Naše státní znaky (staré a nynější) | publisher = Vesmír | location = Praha | pages = 22 | language = cs | year = 1921 }}</ref><ref name="Alexius Habrich, Iura primaeva Moraviae2">{{cite web | last = Habrich | first = Alexius (ed.) | title = Iura primaeva Moraviae | url = https://reader.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb10542951_00038.html | location = Brno | pages = 38–42 | language = la | year = 1781 }}</ref><ref name="Josef Kalousek, Archiv český2">{{cite web | last = Kalousek | first = Josef (ed.) | title = Archiv český čili staré písemné památky české i moravské, svazek X | url = https://sources.cms.flu.cas.cz/src/index.php?s=v&action=jdi&cat=10&bookid=800&page=273&action_button.x=0&action_button.y=0 | location = Praha | pages = 273–274 | language = la | year = 1890 }}</ref><ref name="Berthold Bretholz2">{{cite book | last = Bretholz | first = Berthold | title = Das mährische Landesarchiv, Seine Geschichte, seine Bestände | location = Brno | pages = 124 | language = de la | year = 1908 }}</ref> [[Editio|Publicatio]] huius diplomae exemplum est interventionis in res internas terrarum bohemicarum, cum Fridericus III, ut Romanorum Imperator, eam statibus Moravicis concesserit. Tamen Moravia [[Regio|pars]] Coronae regni Bohemiae erat et, secundum leges a [[Carolus IV (imperator)|Carolo IV]] latas, rex [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] nullam potestatem habebat talis [[Consilium|consilii]] capiendi, cum Moraviae res sub directa potestate Regis regni Bohemiae esset.<ref name="starha92">{{cite web | last = Štarha | first = Ivan | title = Historie, moravské barvy a moravská vlajka, in: Veřejná správa | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/clanek/historie-moravske-barvy-a-moravska-vlajka.aspx | year = 2013 | pages = 8–9 | language = cs }}</ref> Ex prospectu historico, plures versiones vexillorum Moravicorum exstiterunt, quae simul duabus aut tribus coloribus ex insignibus provincialibus derivatis adhibebantur, praesertim saeculo undevicesimo.<ref name="hlinomaz167">''Ke státní a zemské symbolice českého státu v období 1526–1918'', s. 167.</ref> [[File:Slavobrána postavená v Kuníně v roce 1845 u příležitosti návštěvy arcivévody Františka Karla, kolorovaná litografie.png|thumb|Porta caerimonialis Kunini anno MDCCCXLV exstructa ad visitationem Archducis Francisci Caroli commemorandam. Relatio eius temporis describit vexilla bicolora, nigrum et flavum et rubrum et album, in turribus vexata, tamquam colores et Austriacos et Moravicos provinciales.]] Initio saeculi undevicesimi, Moravia erat regio non [[Autonomia|autonoma]], quae ab anno MDCCCIV pars [[Imperium Austriacum|Imperii Austriaci]] erat, quod paulo ante finalem collapsum [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] constitutum erat. Erat una ex finibus regiae dicatis, quae a praeside provinciali [[Gubernator|gubernabatur]]. Regulis a regimine centrali [[Vindobona|Vindobonae]] edictis tenebatur. Ex [[Tempus|tempore]] priore pauca indicia sunt usus colorum provincialium moravicorum. Imperator Moraviae [[dux]] erat, et cum titulus margravius unus tantum ex multis quos tenebat esset, ei certam imaginem visualem non requirebat. Quapropter, per paene totam primam partem saeculi undevicesimi, colores provinciales non eandem significationem habebant quam a medio illius saeculi deinceps habuerunt. Potestates [[Corpus|corporum]] administrativorum statuum provinciales finitae erant. Non habebant [[Auctoritas|auctoritatem]] nec repraesentandi nec repraesentari. [[Rectio|Gubernatio]] provincialis sui iuris potestates satis amplas nonnisi promulgatione [[Constitutio|Constitutionis]] Decembris anno MDCCCLXI accepit, post quam singulae provinciae suas constitutiones sanxerunt. Tamen, neque hae neque ullum aliud instrumentum minoris [[vis]] legitimae colores vel vexilla provincialia designaverunt. Quamquam hae notiones saeculo undevicesimo exstiterunt, vocabula inania erant, id est, iure nec generaliter nec speciatim definita. Describendo igitur tempus ante annum MCMXVIII, non est rectum dicere "vexillum provinciale Marchionatus Moraviae fuisse bicolorem horizontalem flavam et rubram", cum in nullo instrumento [[Legalitas|legali]] ita definitum sit. Licetne simpliciter dicere "auctoritates provinciales rubrum et flavum ut colores provinciales inter annos MDCCCXLVIII et MCMXVIII adhibuisse", an, si iustificari potest, "ut vexillum provinciale Moraviae, magistratus provinciales bicolorem rubro et flavo inter annos MDCCCXLVIII et MCMXVIII adhibuerunt". [[File:Cockade of Moravia, the historical land of the Czech Republic, red-white-blue.svg|thumb|right|In Ludovici Ritteri Dictionariolo Pochtario Diurnariis et Colloquiis (titulo Bohemico "Kapesní slovníček novinářský a konverzační"), anno MDCCCLI edito, haec de coloribus cocardarum dicuntur: "''Cocarda est rosula aut fasciculus rotundus qui in [[Petasus|petaso]] aut [[paenula]] geritur, qui certam [[Mens|mentem]], [[Natio|nationem]], unitatem, [[Congregatio|congregationem]], etc. significat. A [[Mulier|mulieribus]] gesta, in capillo aut in [[Mamma|pectore]] affigitur. Notae sunt insignes variorum motuum politicorum ab anno MDCCCXLVIII, praesertim Slavorum, '''rubri, albi et caerulei coloris''', deinde colores [[Niger (color)|nigro]]-rubro-flavi partis Germanicae et eius variae controversiae. Imperialis Austriaca, quam exercitus hic gerit, nigra et flava est, Bohemica et Polonica alba et rubra, '''Moraviensis vel etiam Bohemico-Moraviensis, deinde Slavica meridionalis, similis Slavicae'''. Cocarda Rusinorum flava et caerulea est; Hungarorum et Polonorum revolutionariorum rubra, alba et viridis; Prussica nigra et alba est, et sic deinceps. Pragae, omnes cocardae privatae sine ulla exceptione ab anno MDCCCXLVIIII interdictae sunt.''".]] Absentia ullius praescripti legis explicat cur vexilla provincialia in scriptis huius aetatis variis modis depingantur. Plerumque auctor ea ex paucis vexillis reapse notis et regulis heraldicis, quae ad insignia pertinentia pertinent, derivabat. Quaestio peculiaris in Moravia saeculo undevicesimo fuit quod insigne moraviense duabus formis exstabat. Descriptio eius historica et publice agnita insignium [[Imperium|imperialium]] – qui per saecula in usu fuerant – erat aquila argentea et rubra alternis coloribus picta, cum corona et armatura aurea, in scuto caeruleo posita. Tamen, auctoritas ab imperatore Friderico III concessa in [[Diploma|diplomate]] die 7 Decembris 1462 edito, ut aquila scaccata aurea et rubra adhiberetur – quamquam haec compositio in usu non recepta est – adduxit, Postquam diploma in notitiam procuratorum administrationis provincialis Moravicae ad finem saeculorum XVIII et XIX pervenit – praesertim ab annis 1830 et 1840 – hoc ad auctos conatus administrationis provincialis adnotavit ut agnitio diplomatis ab imperatore impetraretur. Et quamquam usus eius non publice agnitus est usque ad annum MCMXV, complures sententiae a [[Magistratus|magistratibus]] Vindobonensibus editae significabant eos non adversari usu exemplaris aureo et rubro scaccatim dispositi in aquila. Quaestio igitur per saeculum undevicesimum fuit, utrum diploma validum, sed publice irritum, Friderici III praevaluerit insignibus Moraviae, quae usu historico probata et confirmata erant. Quaestio de coloribus provincialibus, ad quam pertinebat quaestio de forma vexilli provincialis (futuri), naturaliter a diversis sententiis de recta (valida) insigne provinciali affecta est.<ref name="Pícha - Moravské barvy a vlajky v revolučním roce 1848">{{cite book | last = Pícha | first = František | title = Moravské barvy a vlajky v revolučním roce 1848, in: Genealogické a heraldické informace 2017 : Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2018 | location = Brno | volume = 22 (37) | year = 2018 | pages = 40–41 | isbn = | language = cs }}</ref> Secundum quosdam auctores, vexillum Moravicum album, rubrum, caeruleumque est, fasciis horizontalibus eo ordine.<ref name="brozek50">{{cite book | last = Brožek | first = Aleš | title = Lexikon vlajek a znaků zemí světa | publisher = Kartografie | location = Praha | year = 2003 | pages = 50 | isbn = 8070117761 | language = cs }}</ref> Haec colorum coniunctio saeculo undevicesimo symbolum erat [[Civitas|civium]] moravicorum [[Patria|patriam]] [[Amor|amantium]]. <gallery> File:Modrobílá historická vlajka Moravy (1611).png|Vexillum historicum caeruleo et albo, memoratum iuxta vexillum caeruleum insigne provinciale Moraviae gerens ("''insigne provinciale eiusdem marchionatus''") in nuntiis anni MDCXII, qui adventum [[Praga|Pragam]] et [[Coronatio|coronationem]] [[Rex|regis]] [[Matthias (imperator)|Mathiae II]] describunt. File:Red-white historical flag of Moravia (from the first half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Compositio colorum rubrorum et alborum, quae usque ad ineuntem saeculum vicesimum adhibita est. File:Red-white-blue historical flag of Moravia (from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Tricolōr ruber, albus, caeruleusque, qui adhibitus est in secunda parte saeculi undevicesimi et in initio saeculi vicesimi.<ref name="Jan Havelka">{{Cite journal | last = Havelka | first = Jan | title = Erb a zemské barvy markkrabství moravského | journal = Komenský | access-date = 2015-12-15 | year = 1880 | number = 29 | pages = 454–455 | url = http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112042804044;view=1up;seq=463 | language = cs}}</ref><ref name="Orlice, časopis politický">{{Cite journal | title = O barvách praporů (8. 9. 1888) | journal = Orlice, časopis politický | location = Telč | year = 1888 | number = 19 | pages = Příloha Orlice k číslu 19 | language = cs}}</ref> File:Red-yellow historical flag of Moravia (from the middle of the 19th century or from the 2nd half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Vexillum bicolore rubrum et flavum. Aliud ex vexillis historicis Moraviae a secunda parte saeculi undevicesimi et ineunte saeculo vicesimo. </gallery> == Vexillum moravicum inter vexilla regionalia == [[File:Moravská orlice.jpg|thumb|right|Vexillum historicum Moraviae]] <gallery> File:Flag of Pardubice Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Pardubiensis File:Flag of Vysocina Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Vysočinae File:Flag of Olomouc Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis [[Olomucium|Olomucensis]] File:Flag of Moravian-Silesian Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Moravico-Silesiae File:Flag of Zlin Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Zlinensis </gallery> === Vexillum caeruleum aquila moravica insignis === Relatio vexillologica de vexillo moravico, quae submissa est [[Kalendae|Kalendis]] [[Iunius|Iuniis]] MMXIII per peritos Subcommissionis de [[Scientia heraldica|Heraldica]] et Vexillologia Camerae deputatōrum Parlamenti rei publicae Bohemicae (subcommissionis Commissionis de scientia, educatione, cultura, iuventute et educatione physica) – Zbyšek Svoboda, Pavel Fojtík, Petr Exner et Praeses Societatis Vexillologicae Bohemicae, Jaroslav Martykán, vexillum et insignia Moraviae, in vetustissima forma sua quae in monumentis invenitur, habentur historice aptissima, scilicet campum caeruleum gerentia aquilam scaccatorum alborum et rubrorum.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko" /> == Nexūs externi == {{Commonscat|Flags of Moravia|Vexillum Moraviae}} * [https://moravskavlajka.blogspot.com/ Moravská vlajka] == Notae == <references/> [[Categoria:Moravia]] [[Categoria:Vexilla]] pfj94mvm71jslbqo7asc1jhdrb5ni5y 3974927 3974922 2026-07-27T10:20:17Z Pavel Fric 72468 Links 3974927 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina autotranslata | fons = [[:cs:Moravská vlajka]] conferantur [[Specialis:PermanentLink/3974324|versio labens]] et [https://cs-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moravsk%C3%A1_vlajka?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=la pagina ''Google'' translata]—aut [[:it:Bandiera della Moravia]]—[https://it-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bandiera_della_Moravia?_x_tr_sl=it&_x_tr_tl=la pagina ''Google'' translata] | tempus = 2026-07-24 22:06:13 }} {{Vicificanda}} [[Fasciculus:Banner of arms of Moravia.svg|thumb|Vexillum Moraviae, ut annis 2002–2003 codificatum{{dubsig}} est. Historicum regionis Moravicae vexillum, constans ex campo caeruleo, qui [[aquila]]m rubro et albo damisatam{{dubsig}} cum [[corona]] et armis flavis gerit.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko">{{cite news | first=Zbyšek | last=Svoboda | first2=Pavel | last2=Fojtík | first3=Petr | last3=Exner | first4=Jaroslav | last4=Martykán | authorlink= | coauthors= | title=Odborné vexilologické stanovisko k moravské vlajce | booktitle=Vexilologie. Zpravodaj České vexilologické společnosti, o.s. č. 169 | pages=3319, 3320 | publisher=Česká vexilologická společnost | date=2013 | location=Brno | url=http://www.vexilologie.cz/index2.php?a=000&n=0 | accessdate=2017-08-20 | id= }}</ref><ref name="Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského">{{cite news | first=František | last=Pícha | authorlink= | coauthors= | title=Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského | booktitle=Vexilologie. Zpravodaj České vexilologické společnosti, o.s. č. 169 | pages=3320–3324 | publisher=Česká vexilologická společnost | date=2013 | location=Brno | url= | accessdate= | id= }}</ref>]] '''Vexillum Moraviense''' est symbolum quo [[Moravia (terra)|Moravia]] repraesentatur. Prima depictio insignis provincialis Moraviae in vexillo, cum [[Medium aevum|media aetate]] vexilla ex [[Insigne|insignibus]] derivarentur, invenitur in vexillo [[Marchio|marchionis]], quod in Codice Gelnhausenensi [[Anno Domini|anno]] MCDVII depictum est ([[aquila]] [[Argenteus|argentea]] et [[Ruber|rubra]], armatura [[Aureus (color)|aurea]] et corona aurea ornata, in campo [[Caeruleus|caeruleo]]).<ref name="ruzek22">{{cite web | last = Růžek | first = Vladimír | title = Cesty k definici (nejen) moravského znaku a praporu, in: Veřejná správa, Nr. 10 | year = 2013 | pages = 20–22:22 | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/webpm/clanek/historicke-symboly.aspx | language = cs }}</ref> Prima [[Scriba|descriptio]] [[Scriptura|scripta]] re vera toto [[Saeculum|saeculo]] vetustior est. Nihilominus, neque Marchio Moraviae, neque Moravia, neque Moravia-[[Silesia]] umquam [[vexillum]] adoptavit aut per actum legitimum ut ens [[Ius|iuridicum]] instituit. Ex variis documentis [[Historia|historicis]], [[Delineatio|delineationibus]], descriptionibusque fundatum est, quorum usu nullum fundamentum iuridicum erat. [[Cechoslovacia|Res publica Bohemoslovaca]] [[Color|colores]] album vel argenteum in insigne moravico iterum restituit ([[Lex]] n. 252/1920). Vexilla provincialia non sunt emendata legibus posterioribus (Legibus n. 269/1936, n. 222/1939, n. 163/1960 et Legibus hodie validis n. 3/1993 Coll. et n. 352/2001 Coll.). Hodie, vexillum bicolore [[Flavus|flavo]] et rubro, in medio insignia coloribus congruentibus praebens, interdum pro vexillo moravico usurpatur, praesertim a quibusdam [[Factio politica|factionibus politicis]], consociationibus aliisque [[Organizatio|organizationibus]] moraviensibus. [[File:Flag of South Moravian Region.svg|thumb|right|Vexillum Regionis Moraviae Meridionalis. Primum campum vexilli aquila moravica ornatur. In quarta et ultima parte vexilli aquila est cum ornatu [[Scaccarium|scaccato]] flavo et rubro, quae addita est ut [[symbolum]] reconciliationis et integrationis inter varios greges linguisticos, religiosos et ethnicos qui olim in Moravia Meridiana habitabant.<ref name="koudelka">{{cite book | last = Koudelka | first = Zdeněk | title = Znaky a vlajky Moravy a Slezska, in: Sborník z konference MORAVA 1918 | url = https://is.muni.cz/repo/1570777/Znaky_Moravy_a_Slezska.pdf | publisher = KEY Publishing s.r.o. | location = Ostrava | chapter = | pages = 58–73 | isbn = 978-80-7418-316-4 | language = cs | year = 2019 }}</ref>]] Vexillum Moraviense hunc statum non nactum est nisi annis MMII–MMIII, cum insignia et vexilla regionibus hodiernis assignata sunt, dimidio saeculo post abolitione systematis [[Provincia|provincialis]] et introductionem systematis [[Regio|regionalis]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Zákon č. 280/1948 Sb. Zákon o krajském zřízení | url = https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/1948-280#oddil1 | language = cs | accessdate = 2026-07-22 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20250211142519/https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/1948-280/#oddil1 | archivedate = 2025-02-11 }}</ref> Hoc vexillum in partem superiorem vexillorum regionum Vysočinae, Moraviae Meridionalis, Olomucensis et Zlìnensis, necnon in partem superiorem vexillorum regionum Pardubicensis et Moravico-Silesiae incorporatur. Vexillum caeruleum est; in medio campo caeruleo est aquila quadratim disposita, alis albis et rubris, corona et armatura aurea ornata.<ref>{{cite book | title = Historie, moravské barvy a moravská vlajka | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/clanek/historie-moravske-barvy-a-moravska-vlajka.aspx | publisher = Ministerstvo vnitra ČR | year = 2013 | language = cs }}</ref> Etiam hoc modo ineunte [[Martius|Martio]] anni MMXXIII a grege Legumlatrorum [[Parlamentum|Parlamenti]] [[Cechia|rei publicae Bohemicae]] in rogatione propositum est, quae consilium insignium et vexillorum regionalium codificaret.<ref>{{cite web | title = Návrh poslanců Radka Vondráčka, Pavla Blažka, Petra Gazdíka, Lucie Šafránkové, Mariana Jurečky, Vlastimila Válka a dalších na vydání zákona o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://www.psp.cz/sqw/text/orig2.sqw?idd=225139 | language = cs}}</ref> Rogatio paulatim in ordine rerum agendarum complurium sessionum Camerae Deputatōrum inclusa est, sed ibi non disputata est. Rogatio, a Radeko Vondráček, legato, die XXII Ianuarii anno MMXXVI iterum proposita, non praescribit fines historicos regionum insignibus regionalibus notandos esse, sicut in rogatione priore statutum erat.<ref>{{cite web | title = Parlament České republiky. Poslanecká sněmovna. 10. volební období. 87/0. Návrh poslance Radka Vondráčka na vydání zákona o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://www.psp.cz/sqw/text/orig2.sqw?idd=267037 | language = cs }}</ref> Rogatio insignia et vexilla regionalia in legem aperte sancit, praescribens ut forma eorum ad insigne nationale conformetur, et cuilibet permittit ut iis utatur. Una tantum condicio est ut debita cum reverentia tractentur.<ref>{{cite web | title = ODok Portál. Zákon o zemských znacích a vlajkách | url = https://odok.gov.cz/portal/veklep/material/KORNDQQNALEE/ | language = cs }}</ref> == Historia vexilli moravici == === Historia antiquissima === [[File:Nejstarší dochované barevné vyobrazení znaku markraběcí Moravy, hrad Gozzoburg v Kremži.jpeg|thumb|Veterrima pictura colorata superstes armorum Marchionatus Moraviae.]] Historia vexilli moravici – vel, accuratius, insignis moravici (quod, dissimile vexillo, perpetuo in alveo affigitur) – dives et varia est, quae saeculo tertio decimo coepit, cum rationes inter [[Bohemia|Bohemiam]] et Moraviam ordinabantur ad [[Monarchia|monarchiam]] centralizatam a [[Premyslidae|Premyslidis]] ultimis constituendam. Primum mentio vexilli moravici colorumque eius invenitur in [[Annales|chronica]] Ottocari Styriae, quae ad finem saeculi duodecimi et initium saeculi quarti decimi pertinet. Haec est [[narratio]] [[Proelium|proelii]] Kressenbrunnensis, quod die XII [[Iulius|Iulii]] anno MCCLX factum est. Insignia Bohemiae et Moraviae in chronica [[Bela IV (rex Hungariae)|Belae IV]] a Iindrico Preisslero, [[Comes|comite]] castrorum eius, vive describuntur. Prae [[Exercitus|exercitu]] bohemico progrediente ducebat [[Ottocarus II (rex Bohemiae)|Ottocarus II]], prope quem vexillum fluitabat, [[Leo|leone]] [[Albus|albo]] in velluto rubro insigni, et iuxta eum alterum vexillum, quod formam aquilae moravicae quadratam rubro et albo coloribus monstrabat.<ref name="Znaky a prapory v kronice Ottokara Štýrského" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ottokars Österreichische Reimchronik (MGH Deutsche Chroniken V,1) |url=http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00000779/images/index.html?id=00000779&groesser=&fip=193.174.98.30&no=&seite=226 |accessdate=2016-07-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ottokar von Steiermark: 'Steirische Reimchronik' |url=http://www.handschriftencensus.de/werke/602 |publisher=www.handschriftencensus.de |accessdate=2017-08-19 }}</ref> ''Hern Dietrich Spatzmanen'' ''sach man die banier leiten:'' ''in einem rȏten samît breiten'' ''was gewohrt ein lewe wîz.'' ''ouch heten ir baniere flîz,'' (Etiam illi suas vexilla habebant,) '''''die von Merhaeren wârn''':'' (qui ex Moravia venerunt:) '''''ein geschâchzabelten arn''''' (Aquila scaccata) '''''von rȏter und von wîzer varbe''''' (rubro et albo picta) '''''sach man ob in begarbe''''' (super eos plane conspicue) '''''waejen von dem winde.''''' (in vento fluitabat.)<ref>{{cite web | title = Nejstarší zmínka o praporu Moravy v kronice Ottokara Štýrského | url = http://moravskaorlice.blogspot.com/2014/09/nejstarsi-zminka-o-praporu-moravy-v.html | language = cs}}</ref> Postea, colores vexilli ex coloribus armorum derivati sunt.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko" /> Ex regno Ottocari II, [[titulus]] margravi Moraviae repraesentatur aquila argentea et rubra scaccata, [[Coronatio|corona]] aurea et unguibus aureis ornata, ad dextram versa, in [[Scutum|scuto]] caeruleo posita.<ref name="vojtisek21">{{cite book | last=Vojtíšek | first=Václav | title=Naše státní znaky (staré a nynější) | publisher=Vesmír | place=Pragae | year=1921 | page=21 | language=Czech}}</ref><ref name="Pícha - O klenotu znaku moravského markraběte">{{cite news | last = Pícha | first = František | title = O klenotu znaku moravského markraběte | url = | publisher = | location = Brno | booktitle = Genealogické a heraldické informace 2010: Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2011 | volume = 15 (30) | year = 2011 | číslo = | počet_stran = 174 | pages = 7-32 | isbn = | language = česky }}</ref> Veterrima aquilae scaccatae effigies in Gozzoburg invenitur. [[Pictura|Picturae]] in aula arcis localis [[Cremisa (urbs)|Cremsensis]] non post annum circiter MCCLXX (MCCLXIX) pictae sunt, aut cum nuper aedificata capella Sanctae Catharinae (MCCLXVII) coniunguntur; utroque casu, post annum MCCLXII factae sunt. In aula insignes armorum Bohemiae, Moraviae, [[Austria|Austriae]] et [[Styria|Styriae]] apparent, sed insignia [[Carinthia|Carinthiae]] et [[Carniola|Carniolae]], quae Ottocarus II anno MCCLXIX hereditate accepit, absunt.<ref name="Pícha, Krejčík - Gozzoburg">{{cite news | last = Krejčík | first = Tomáš | last2 = Pícha | first2 = František | title = Český a moravský znak ve znakové galerii v Gozzoburgu v Kremsu | location = Brno | booktitle = Genealogické a heraldické informace 2008 : Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2009 | volume = 13 (28) | year = 2009 | pages = 49-57 | issn = 0862-8963 | language = Czech }}</ref> [[File:Jošt Moravský, též Lucemburský -.jpg|thumb|left|Margravius [[Iodocus a Moravia]], vexillum aquila Moravica quadratim alba et rubra in Codice Gelnhausenensi (saeculo XIV/XV).]] Aquila scaccata insigne Moraviae terrae habetur saltem ex tempore [[Domus Luxemburgica|Luxemburgense]].<ref name="Adamová">{{cite book | last = Adamová | first = Karolina | title = K heraldické výzdobě Staroměstské mostecké věže. Právně historický pohled, in: Pražský sborník historický | publisher = Panorama | location = Praha | volume = 15 | year = 1982 | pages = 44–62 | language = cs }}</ref> Una ex antiquissimis [[Imago|imaginibus]] notis vexilli aquila moravica insignis est illa in [[Codex|Codice]] Gelnhausen, quae imaginem margravi Moraviae [[Iodocus a Moravia|Iodocum]] monstrat, qui vexillum caeruleum tenet, aquila moravica in campo albo et rubro scaccato, cum corona et armatura flava (ut par est, sine scuto).<ref name="ruzek22" /> [[Codicologia|Codex]] scriptus est aliquando inter ultimum tertium saeculi quarti decimi et primum tertium saeculi quinti decimi.<ref>{{cite web | title = Gelnhausenův kodex (kodex A) - právní kniha. Jošt Lucemburský s moravským praporem v Jihlavské právní knize z roku 1407 na foliu 63r. | url = http://www.manuscriptorium.com/apps/index.php?direct=record&pid=AIPDIG-SOAJ__MESTSKASPRAV0TBA6E4-cs#search | language = cs }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Jihlavský archiv ukázal své nejvzácnější dokumenty, jinak nepřístupné | url = https://jihlava.idnes.cz/vzacne-dokumenty-jihlavskeho-archivu-dx1-/jihlava-zpravy.aspx?c=A121101_143951_jihlava-zpravy_mv | language = cs }}</ref> [[Charta]] armorum Romanorum Imperatoris [[Fridericus III|Friderici III]], data VII [[December|Decembris]] anno MCDLXII, quod, a [[Henricus|Henrico]] de Lippa, capitanei [[Provincia|terrae]] Moraviae et [[Marescalcus|marescalci]] [[Regnum Bohemiae|Regni Bohemiae]], ex incepto statuum moravorum editum est, documentum fuit quod, sub regno [[Georgius Podiebradensis|Georgii Podiebradensis]], primigenium colorem argenteum aquilae moravicae mutavit, quod campos argenteos tessellaturae in aureos mutavit, atque ita novum statuum insigne creavit (''color albus in glaucum sive aureum transmutetur'': color albus in flavum vel aureum mutatus est).<ref name="vojtisek222">{{cite book | last = Vojtíšek | first = Václav | title = Naše státní znaky (staré a nynější) | publisher = Vesmír | location = Praha | pages = 22 | language = cs | year = 1921 }}</ref><ref name="Alexius Habrich, Iura primaeva Moraviae2">{{cite web | last = Habrich | first = Alexius (ed.) | title = Iura primaeva Moraviae | url = https://reader.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb10542951_00038.html | location = Brno | pages = 38–42 | language = la | year = 1781 }}</ref><ref name="Josef Kalousek, Archiv český2">{{cite web | last = Kalousek | first = Josef (ed.) | title = Archiv český čili staré písemné památky české i moravské, svazek X | url = https://sources.cms.flu.cas.cz/src/index.php?s=v&action=jdi&cat=10&bookid=800&page=273&action_button.x=0&action_button.y=0 | location = Praha | pages = 273–274 | language = la | year = 1890 }}</ref><ref name="Berthold Bretholz2">{{cite book | last = Bretholz | first = Berthold | title = Das mährische Landesarchiv, Seine Geschichte, seine Bestände | location = Brno | pages = 124 | language = de la | year = 1908 }}</ref> [[Editio|Publicatio]] huius diplomae exemplum est interventionis in res internas terrarum bohemicarum, cum Fridericus III, ut Romanorum Imperator, eam statibus Moravicis concesserit. Tamen Moravia [[Regio|pars]] Coronae regni Bohemiae erat et, secundum leges a [[Carolus IV (imperator)|Carolo IV]] latas, rex [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] nullam potestatem habebat talis [[Consilium|consilii]] capiendi, cum Moraviae res sub directa potestate Regis regni Bohemiae esset.<ref name="starha92">{{cite web | last = Štarha | first = Ivan | title = Historie, moravské barvy a moravská vlajka, in: Veřejná správa | url = https://www.mvcr.cz/clanek/historie-moravske-barvy-a-moravska-vlajka.aspx | year = 2013 | pages = 8–9 | language = cs }}</ref> Ex prospectu historico, plures versiones vexillorum Moravicorum exstiterunt, quae simul duabus aut tribus coloribus ex insignibus provincialibus derivatis adhibebantur, praesertim saeculo undevicesimo.<ref name="hlinomaz167">''Ke státní a zemské symbolice českého státu v období 1526–1918'', s. 167.</ref> [[File:Slavobrána postavená v Kuníně v roce 1845 u příležitosti návštěvy arcivévody Františka Karla, kolorovaná litografie.png|thumb|Porta caerimonialis Kunini anno MDCCCXLV exstructa ad visitationem Archducis Francisci Caroli commemorandam. Relatio eius temporis describit vexilla bicolora, nigrum et flavum et rubrum et album, in turribus vexata, tamquam colores et Austriacos et Moravicos provinciales.]] Initio saeculi undevicesimi, Moravia erat regio non [[Autonomia|autonoma]], quae ab anno MDCCCIV pars [[Imperium Austriacum|Imperii Austriaci]] erat, quod paulo ante finalem collapsum [[Sacrum Romanum Imperium|Sacri Romani Imperii]] constitutum erat. Erat una ex finibus regiae dicatis, quae a praeside provinciali [[Gubernator|gubernabatur]]. Regulis a regimine centrali [[Vindobona|Vindobonae]] edictis tenebatur. Ex [[Tempus|tempore]] priore pauca indicia sunt usus colorum provincialium moravicorum. Imperator Moraviae [[dux]] erat, et cum titulus margravius unus tantum ex multis quos tenebat esset, ei certam imaginem visualem non requirebat. Quapropter, per paene totam primam partem saeculi undevicesimi, colores provinciales non eandem significationem habebant quam a medio illius saeculi deinceps habuerunt. Potestates [[Corpus|corporum]] administrativorum statuum provinciales finitae erant. Non habebant [[Auctoritas|auctoritatem]] nec repraesentandi nec repraesentari. [[Rectio|Gubernatio]] provincialis sui iuris potestates satis amplas nonnisi promulgatione [[Constitutio|Constitutionis]] Decembris anno MDCCCLXI accepit, post quam singulae provinciae suas constitutiones sanxerunt. Tamen, neque hae neque ullum aliud instrumentum minoris [[vis]] legitimae colores vel vexilla provincialia designaverunt. Quamquam hae notiones saeculo undevicesimo exstiterunt, vocabula inania erant, id est, iure nec generaliter nec speciatim definita. Describendo igitur tempus ante annum MCMXVIII, non est rectum dicere "vexillum provinciale Marchionatus Moraviae fuisse bicolorem horizontalem flavam et rubram", cum in nullo instrumento [[Legalitas|legali]] ita definitum sit. Licetne simpliciter dicere "auctoritates provinciales rubrum et flavum ut colores provinciales inter annos MDCCCXLVIII et MCMXVIII adhibuisse", an, si iustificari potest, "ut vexillum provinciale Moraviae, magistratus provinciales bicolorem rubro et flavo inter annos MDCCCXLVIII et MCMXVIII adhibuerunt". [[File:Cockade of Moravia, the historical land of the Czech Republic, red-white-blue.svg|thumb|right|In Ludovici Ritteri Dictionariolo Pochtario Diurnariis et Colloquiis (titulo Bohemico "Kapesní slovníček novinářský a konverzační"), anno MDCCCLI edito, haec de coloribus cocardarum dicuntur: "''Cocarda est rosula aut fasciculus rotundus qui in [[Petasus|petaso]] aut [[paenula]] geritur, qui certam [[Mens|mentem]], [[Natio|nationem]], unitatem, [[Congregatio|congregationem]], etc. significat. A [[Mulier|mulieribus]] gesta, in capillo aut in [[Mamma|pectore]] affigitur. Notae sunt insignes variorum motuum politicorum ab anno MDCCCXLVIII, praesertim Slavorum, '''rubri, albi et caerulei coloris''', deinde colores [[Niger (color)|nigro]]-rubro-flavi partis Germanicae et eius variae controversiae. Imperialis Austriaca, quam exercitus hic gerit, nigra et flava est, Bohemica et Polonica alba et rubra, '''Moraviensis vel etiam Bohemico-Moraviensis, deinde Slavica meridionalis, similis Slavicae'''. Cocarda Rusinorum flava et caerulea est; Hungarorum et Polonorum revolutionariorum rubra, alba et viridis; Prussica nigra et alba est, et sic deinceps. Pragae, omnes cocardae privatae sine ulla exceptione ab anno MDCCCXLVIIII interdictae sunt.''".]] Absentia ullius praescripti legis explicat cur vexilla provincialia in scriptis huius [[Aetas|aetatis]] variis modis depingantur. Plerumque auctor ea ex paucis vexillis reapse notis et regulis heraldicis, quae ad insignia pertinentia pertinent, derivabat. Quaestio peculiaris in Moravia saeculo undevicesimo fuit quod insigne moraviense duabus formis exstabat. Descriptio eius historica et publice agnita insignium [[Imperium|imperialium]] – qui per saecula in usu fuerant – erat aquila argentea et rubra alternis coloribus picta, cum corona et armatura aurea, in scuto caeruleo posita. Tamen, auctoritas ab imperatore Friderico III concessa in [[Diploma|diplomate]] die 7 Decembris 1462 edito, ut aquila scaccata aurea et rubra adhiberetur – quamquam haec compositio in usu non recepta est – adduxit, Postquam diploma in notitiam procuratorum administrationis provincialis Moravicae ad finem saeculorum XVIII et XIX pervenit – praesertim ab annis 1830 et 1840 – hoc ad auctos conatus administrationis provincialis adnotavit ut agnitio diplomatis ab imperatore impetraretur. Et quamquam usus eius non publice agnitus est usque ad annum MCMXV, complures sententiae a [[Magistratus|magistratibus]] Vindobonensibus editae significabant eos non adversari usu exemplaris aureo et rubro scaccatim dispositi in aquila. Quaestio igitur per saeculum undevicesimum fuit, utrum diploma validum, sed publice irritum, Friderici III praevaluerit insignibus Moraviae, quae usu historico probata et confirmata erant. Quaestio de coloribus provincialibus, ad quam pertinebat quaestio de forma vexilli provincialis (futuri), naturaliter a diversis sententiis de recta (valida) insigne provinciali affecta est.<ref name="Pícha - Moravské barvy a vlajky v revolučním roce 1848">{{cite book | last = Pícha | first = František | title = Moravské barvy a vlajky v revolučním roce 1848, in: Genealogické a heraldické informace 2017 : Moravská genealogická a heraldická společnost, o. s. 2018 | location = Brno | volume = 22 (37) | year = 2018 | pages = 40–41 | isbn = | language = cs }}</ref> Secundum quosdam auctores, vexillum moravicum album, rubrum, caeruleumque est, fasciis horizontalibus eo ordine.<ref name="brozek50">{{cite book | last = Brožek | first = Aleš | title = Lexikon vlajek a znaků zemí světa | publisher = Kartografie | location = Praha | year = 2003 | pages = 50 | isbn = 8070117761 | language = cs }}</ref> Haec colorum coniunctio saeculo undevicesimo symbolum erat [[Civitas|civium]] moravicorum [[Patria|patriam]] [[Amor|amantium]]. <gallery> File:Modrobílá historická vlajka Moravy (1611).png|Vexillum historicum caeruleo et albo, memoratum iuxta vexillum caeruleum insigne provinciale Moraviae gerens ("''insigne provinciale eiusdem marchionatus''") in nuntiis anni MDCXII, qui adventum [[Praga|Pragam]] et [[Coronatio|coronationem]] [[Rex|regis]] [[Matthias (imperator)|Mathiae II]] describunt. File:Red-white historical flag of Moravia (from the first half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Compositio colorum rubrorum et alborum, quae usque ad ineuntem saeculum vicesimum adhibita est. File:Red-white-blue historical flag of Moravia (from the middle of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Tricolōr ruber, albus, caeruleusque, qui adhibitus est in secunda parte saeculi undevicesimi et in initio saeculi vicesimi.<ref name="Jan Havelka">{{Cite journal | last = Havelka | first = Jan | title = Erb a zemské barvy markkrabství moravského | journal = Komenský | access-date = 2015-12-15 | year = 1880 | number = 29 | pages = 454–455 | url = http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112042804044;view=1up;seq=463 | language = cs}}</ref><ref name="Orlice, časopis politický">{{Cite journal | title = O barvách praporů (8. 9. 1888) | journal = Orlice, časopis politický | location = Telč | year = 1888 | number = 19 | pages = Příloha Orlice k číslu 19 | language = cs}}</ref> File:Red-yellow historical flag of Moravia (from the middle of the 19th century or from the 2nd half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century).svg|Vexillum bicolore rubrum et flavum. Aliud ex vexillis historicis Moraviae a secunda parte saeculi undevicesimi et ineunte saeculo vicesimo. </gallery> == Vexillum moravicum inter vexilla regionalia == [[File:Moravská orlice.jpg|thumb|right|Vexillum historicum Moraviae]] <gallery> File:Flag of Pardubice Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Pardubiensis File:Flag of Vysocina Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Vysočinae File:Flag of Olomouc Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis [[Olomucium|Olomucensis]] File:Flag of Moravian-Silesian Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Moravico-Silesiae File:Flag of Zlin Region.svg|Vexillum Regionis Zlinensis </gallery> === Vexillum caeruleum aquila moravica insignis === Relatio vexillologica de vexillo moravico, quae submissa est [[Kalendae|Kalendis]] [[Iunius|Iuniis]] MMXIII per peritos Subcommissionis de [[Scientia heraldica|Heraldica]] et Vexillologia Camerae deputatōrum Parlamenti rei publicae Bohemicae (subcommissionis Commissionis de scientia, educatione, cultura, iuventute et educatione physica) – Zbyšek Svoboda, Pavel Fojtík, Petr Exner et Praeses Societatis Vexillologicae Bohemicae, Jaroslav Martykán, vexillum et insignia Moraviae, in vetustissima forma sua quae in [[Monumentum|monumentis]] invenitur, habentur historice aptissima, scilicet campum caeruleum gerentia aquilam scaccatorum alborum et rubrorum.<ref name="Odborné vexilologické stanovisko" /> == Nexūs externi == {{Commonscat|Flags of Moravia|Vexillum Moraviae}} * [https://moravskavlajka.blogspot.com/ Moravská vlajka] == Notae == <references/> [[Categoria:Moravia]] [[Categoria:Vexilla]] cqvga9623mheargjxem5q5l04ul7jws Disputatio:Dopamina 1 326923 3974728 3974612 2026-07-26T12:19:05Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3974728 wikitext text/x-wiki == Dopamina aut dopaminum == Miror quod in nexibus externis fons Latinus "dopaminum" indicat de quo in initio paginae ratio non habetur. Praeterea in catalogo nostro [[Aminoacidum|aminoacidorum]] legimus phenylalaninum et tyrosinum non -na. [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 16:43, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marce]], controversia iam pridem exstat. Nomina substantiarum chemicarum quae Anglice suffixo ''-ine'' terminantur Latine utrumque suffixum recipere possunt, ''-ina'' et ''-inum''. Ii qui linguis Romanicis utuntur mihi videntur plerumque formae ''-ina'' favere, ii autem qui linguis Germanicis utuntur formae ''-inum''. Fontes utriusque usūs reperiuntur. Quam ob rem quaestio non tam est quid “vere Latinum” sit, quam utra forma in Vicipaedia praeferenda sit, an revera ulla forma omnino praeferenda sit necne. Mea sententia, utraque forma apud nos est memoranda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:03, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Sapienter iudicare mihi videris sed multae redirectiones addendae sunt et utraque forma initio paginae scribenda est. Alioqui non tantum lectores sed etiam contributores diu errabunt. Nam usus Vicipaedianus nunc sibi parum cohaeret --[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 18:19, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Ita. Nam etiamsi ambas formas memoramus, titulus paginae semper unus est; idcirco fortasse una forma constanter nobis est praeferenda. Incommodum tamen hoc est, quod non semper fontes utriusque formae inveniuntur: interdum fontes formae in ''-inum'' reperiuntur, interdum tantummodo formae in ''-ina''. Usus suffixi ''-ina'' mihi videtur esse antiquior; cf. “Extracta ex opio materies {{lectio|Morphina}} dicta” (1818) [[Morphina|hic]], sed nescio quid nobis sit faciendum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:33, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Nescio utra forma praeferenda sit. Numquam etenim rem istam diligenter investigavi. Doctiores aut tempus fortasse nos certiores facient. Opinor tamen plus valere cohaerentiam constantiamque linguae quam fontes fortuitos et discrepantes. Omnes linguae analogia procedunt. Fortasse modernorum usu remoto imprimis spectandum est utrum in talibus casibus linguae Latinae ratio neutrum praevertat an femininum genus.--[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 12:19, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) 82ftj86i9pqothhqxrxcw84e399p9rl 3974729 3974728 2026-07-26T12:42:19Z Grufo 64423 /* Dopamina aut dopaminum */ Re 3974729 wikitext text/x-wiki == Dopamina aut dopaminum == Miror quod in nexibus externis fons Latinus "dopaminum" indicat de quo in initio paginae ratio non habetur. Praeterea in catalogo nostro [[Aminoacidum|aminoacidorum]] legimus phenylalaninum et tyrosinum non -na. [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 16:43, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marce]], controversia iam pridem exstat. Nomina substantiarum chemicarum quae Anglice suffixo ''-ine'' terminantur Latine utrumque suffixum recipere possunt, ''-ina'' et ''-inum''. Ii qui linguis Romanicis utuntur mihi videntur plerumque formae ''-ina'' favere, ii autem qui linguis Germanicis utuntur formae ''-inum''. Fontes utriusque usūs reperiuntur. Quam ob rem quaestio non tam est quid “vere Latinum” sit, quam utra forma in Vicipaedia praeferenda sit, an revera ulla forma omnino praeferenda sit necne. Mea sententia, utraque forma apud nos est memoranda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:03, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Sapienter iudicare mihi videris sed multae redirectiones addendae sunt et utraque forma initio paginae scribenda est. Alioqui non tantum lectores sed etiam contributores diu errabunt. Nam usus Vicipaedianus nunc sibi parum cohaeret --[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 18:19, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Ita. Nam etiamsi ambas formas memoramus, titulus paginae semper unus est; idcirco fortasse una forma constanter nobis est praeferenda. Incommodum tamen hoc est, quod non semper fontes utriusque formae inveniuntur: interdum fontes formae in ''-inum'' reperiuntur, interdum tantummodo formae in ''-ina''. Usus suffixi ''-ina'' mihi videtur esse antiquior; cf. “Extracta ex opio materies {{lectio|Morphina}} dicta” (1818) [[Morphina|hic]], sed nescio quid nobis sit faciendum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:33, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Nescio utra forma praeferenda sit. Numquam etenim rem istam diligenter investigavi. Doctiores aut tempus fortasse nos certiores facient. Opinor tamen plus valere cohaerentiam constantiamque linguae quam fontes fortuitos et discrepantes. Omnes linguae analogia procedunt. Fortasse modernorum usu remoto imprimis spectandum est utrum in talibus casibus linguae Latinae ratio neutrum praevertat an femininum genus.--[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 12:19, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Fortasse investigandum est unde suffixum chemicum ''-ine'' ortum sit. Nam hoc suffixum Francogallicum primum adhibitum est in nominibus substantiarum sicut {{barbarice|lingua=fr|morphine}} et {{barbarice|lingua=fr|quinine}}, et ipsum suffixum videtur ad traditionem Latinam pertinere: Latine enim dicitur ''medicina'', non ''*medicinum''. Hinc fortasse intellegi potest cur forma ''-ina'' potius quam ''-inum'' aptior sit ad talia vocabula Latine formanda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 12:41, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) q12xxxkmvyfustjfmatw8b1p4aymm72 3974730 3974729 2026-07-26T12:42:53Z Grufo 64423 /* Dopamina aut dopaminum */ 3974730 wikitext text/x-wiki == Dopamina aut dopaminum == Miror quod in nexibus externis fons Latinus "dopaminum" indicat de quo in initio paginae ratio non habetur. Praeterea in catalogo nostro [[Aminoacidum|aminoacidorum]] legimus phenylalaninum et tyrosinum non -na. [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 16:43, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marce]], controversia iam pridem exstat. Nomina substantiarum chemicarum quae Anglice suffixo ''-ine'' terminantur Latine utrumque suffixum recipere possunt, ''-ina'' et ''-inum''. Ii qui linguis Romanicis utuntur mihi videntur plerumque formae ''-ina'' favere, ii autem qui linguis Germanicis utuntur formae ''-inum''. Fontes utriusque usūs reperiuntur. Quam ob rem quaestio non tam est quid “vere Latinum” sit, quam utra forma in Vicipaedia praeferenda sit, an revera ulla forma omnino praeferenda sit necne. Mea sententia, utraque forma apud nos est memoranda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:03, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Sapienter iudicare mihi videris sed multae redirectiones addendae sunt et utraque forma initio paginae scribenda est. Alioqui non tantum lectores sed etiam contributores diu errabunt. Nam usus Vicipaedianus nunc sibi parum cohaeret --[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 18:19, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Ita. Nam etiamsi ambas formas memoramus, titulus paginae semper unus est; idcirco fortasse una forma constanter nobis est praeferenda. Incommodum tamen hoc est, quod non semper fontes utriusque formae inveniuntur: interdum fontes formae in ''-inum'' reperiuntur, interdum tantummodo formae in ''-ina''. Usus suffixi ''-ina'' mihi videtur esse antiquior; cf. “Extracta ex opio materies {{lectio|Morphina}} dicta” (1818) [[Morphina|hic]], sed nescio quid nobis sit faciendum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:33, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Nescio utra forma praeferenda sit. Numquam etenim rem istam diligenter investigavi. Doctiores aut tempus fortasse nos certiores facient. Opinor tamen plus valere cohaerentiam constantiamque linguae quam fontes fortuitos et discrepantes. Omnes linguae analogia procedunt. Fortasse modernorum usu remoto imprimis spectandum est utrum in talibus casibus linguae Latinae ratio neutrum praevertat an femininum genus.--[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 12:19, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Fortasse investigandum est unde suffixum chemicum ''-ine'' ortum sit. Nam hoc suffixum Francogallicum in nominibus substantiarum sicut {{barbarice|lingua=fr|morphine}} et {{barbarice|lingua=fr|quinine}} primum adhibitum est, et ipsum suffixum videtur ad traditionem Latinam pertinere: Latine enim dicitur ''medicina'', non ''*medicinum''. Hinc fortasse intellegi potest cur forma ''-ina'' potius quam ''-inum'' aptior sit ad talia vocabula Latine formanda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 12:41, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ctjo9grzr2pf13sot1xxi0hviqrpzwv 3974731 3974730 2026-07-26T12:43:47Z Grufo 64423 /* Dopamina aut dopaminum */ 3974731 wikitext text/x-wiki == Dopamina aut dopaminum == Miror quod in nexibus externis fons Latinus "dopaminum" indicat de quo in initio paginae ratio non habetur. Praeterea in catalogo nostro [[Aminoacidum|aminoacidorum]] legimus phenylalaninum et tyrosinum non -na. [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 16:43, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marce]], controversia iam pridem exstat. Nomina substantiarum chemicarum quae Anglice suffixo ''-ine'' terminantur Latine utrumque suffixum recipere possunt, ''-ina'' et ''-inum''. Ii qui linguis Romanicis utuntur mihi videntur plerumque formae ''-ina'' favere, ii autem qui linguis Germanicis utuntur formae ''-inum''. Fontes utriusque usūs reperiuntur. Quam ob rem quaestio non tam est quid “vere Latinum” sit, quam utra forma in Vicipaedia praeferenda sit, an revera ulla forma omnino praeferenda sit necne. Mea sententia, utraque forma apud nos est memoranda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:03, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Sapienter iudicare mihi videris sed multae redirectiones addendae sunt et utraque forma initio paginae scribenda est. Alioqui non tantum lectores sed etiam contributores diu errabunt. Nam usus Vicipaedianus nunc sibi parum cohaeret --[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 18:19, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Ita. Nam etiamsi ambas formas memoramus, titulus paginae semper unus est; idcirco fortasse una forma constanter nobis est praeferenda. Incommodum tamen hoc est, quod non semper fontes utriusque formae inveniuntur: interdum fontes formae in ''-inum'' reperiuntur, interdum tantummodo formae in ''-ina''. Usus suffixi ''-ina'' mihi videtur esse antiquior; cf. “Extracta ex opio materies {{lectio|Morphina}} dicta” (1818) [[Morphina|hic]], sed nescio quid nobis sit faciendum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:33, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Nescio utra forma praeferenda sit. Numquam etenim rem istam diligenter investigavi. Doctiores aut tempus fortasse nos certiores facient. Opinor tamen plus valere cohaerentiam constantiamque linguae quam fontes fortuitos et discrepantes. Omnes linguae analogia procedunt. Fortasse modernorum usu remoto imprimis spectandum est utrum in talibus casibus linguae Latinae ratio neutrum praevertat an femininum genus.--[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 12:19, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Fortasse investigandum est unde suffixum chemicum ''-ine'' ortum sit. Nam hoc suffixum Francogallicum (feminini generis) in nominibus substantiarum sicut {{barbarice|lingua=fr|morphine}} et {{barbarice|lingua=fr|quinine}} primum adhibitum est, et ipsum suffixum videtur ad traditionem Latinam pertinere: Latine enim dicitur ''medicina'', non ''*medicinum''. Hinc fortasse intellegi potest cur forma ''-ina'' potius quam ''-inum'' aptior sit ad talia vocabula Latine formanda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 12:41, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) dfimxgk3uknw9om5y9kqh24e34b6qs7 3974776 3974731 2026-07-26T15:11:51Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Dopamina aut dopaminum */ 3974776 wikitext text/x-wiki == Dopamina aut dopaminum == Miror quod in nexibus externis fons Latinus "dopaminum" indicat de quo in initio paginae ratio non habetur. Praeterea in catalogo nostro [[Aminoacidum|aminoacidorum]] legimus phenylalaninum et tyrosinum non -na. [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 16:43, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marce]], controversia iam pridem exstat. Nomina substantiarum chemicarum quae Anglice suffixo ''-ine'' terminantur Latine utrumque suffixum recipere possunt, ''-ina'' et ''-inum''. Ii qui linguis Romanicis utuntur mihi videntur plerumque formae ''-ina'' favere, ii autem qui linguis Germanicis utuntur formae ''-inum''. Fontes utriusque usūs reperiuntur. Quam ob rem quaestio non tam est quid “vere Latinum” sit, quam utra forma in Vicipaedia praeferenda sit, an revera ulla forma omnino praeferenda sit necne. Mea sententia, utraque forma apud nos est memoranda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:03, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Sapienter iudicare mihi videris sed multae redirectiones addendae sunt et utraque forma initio paginae scribenda est. Alioqui non tantum lectores sed etiam contributores diu errabunt. Nam usus Vicipaedianus nunc sibi parum cohaeret --[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 18:19, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Ita. Nam etiamsi ambas formas memoramus, titulus paginae semper unus est; idcirco fortasse una forma constanter nobis est praeferenda. Incommodum tamen hoc est, quod non semper fontes utriusque formae inveniuntur: interdum fontes formae in ''-inum'' reperiuntur, interdum tantummodo formae in ''-ina''. Usus suffixi ''-ina'' mihi videtur esse antiquior; cf. “Extracta ex opio materies {{lectio|Morphina}} dicta” (1818) [[Morphina|hic]], sed nescio quid nobis sit faciendum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:33, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Nescio utra forma praeferenda sit. Numquam etenim rem istam diligenter investigavi. Doctiores aut tempus fortasse nos certiores facient. Opinor tamen plus valere cohaerentiam constantiamque linguae quam fontes fortuitos et discrepantes. Omnes linguae analogia procedunt. Fortasse modernorum usu remoto imprimis spectandum est utrum in talibus casibus linguae Latinae ratio neutrum praevertat an femininum genus.--[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 12:19, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Fortasse investigandum est unde suffixum chemicum ''-ine'' ortum sit. Nam hoc suffixum Francogallicum (feminini generis) in nominibus substantiarum sicut {{barbarice|lingua=fr|morphine}} et {{barbarice|lingua=fr|quinine}} primum adhibitum est, et ipsum suffixum videtur ad traditionem Latinam pertinere: Latine enim dicitur ''medicina'', non ''*medicinum''. Hinc fortasse intellegi potest cur forma ''-ina'' potius quam ''-inum'' aptior sit ad talia vocabula Latine formanda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 12:41, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Ita sed lingua Francogallica neutrum genus non habet unde comparatio difficilis. Medicina artem designat non chemicum. Elementa chemica neutri generis esse solent. Inveniuntur antiquitus pistrinum et pistrina. Visne tamen femininum genus eligamus? Ita negotium decisum erit nisi alii Vicipaediani sententiam suam ferre voluerint, quod adhuc melius esset. --[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 15:11, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) 5go8dqnhkispklpssw2a5bkfyjgvhlj 3974787 3974776 2026-07-26T15:42:27Z Grufo 64423 /* Dopamina aut dopaminum */ Re 3974787 wikitext text/x-wiki == Dopamina aut dopaminum == Miror quod in nexibus externis fons Latinus "dopaminum" indicat de quo in initio paginae ratio non habetur. Praeterea in catalogo nostro [[Aminoacidum|aminoacidorum]] legimus phenylalaninum et tyrosinum non -na. [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 16:43, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marce]], controversia iam pridem exstat. Nomina substantiarum chemicarum quae Anglice suffixo ''-ine'' terminantur Latine utrumque suffixum recipere possunt, ''-ina'' et ''-inum''. Ii qui linguis Romanicis utuntur mihi videntur plerumque formae ''-ina'' favere, ii autem qui linguis Germanicis utuntur formae ''-inum''. Fontes utriusque usūs reperiuntur. Quam ob rem quaestio non tam est quid “vere Latinum” sit, quam utra forma in Vicipaedia praeferenda sit, an revera ulla forma omnino praeferenda sit necne. Mea sententia, utraque forma apud nos est memoranda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:03, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Sapienter iudicare mihi videris sed multae redirectiones addendae sunt et utraque forma initio paginae scribenda est. Alioqui non tantum lectores sed etiam contributores diu errabunt. Nam usus Vicipaedianus nunc sibi parum cohaeret --[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 18:19, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Ita. Nam etiamsi ambas formas memoramus, titulus paginae semper unus est; idcirco fortasse una forma constanter nobis est praeferenda. Incommodum tamen hoc est, quod non semper fontes utriusque formae inveniuntur: interdum fontes formae in ''-inum'' reperiuntur, interdum tantummodo formae in ''-ina''. Usus suffixi ''-ina'' mihi videtur esse antiquior; cf. “Extracta ex opio materies {{lectio|Morphina}} dicta” (1818) [[Morphina|hic]], sed nescio quid nobis sit faciendum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:33, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Nescio utra forma praeferenda sit. Numquam etenim rem istam diligenter investigavi. Doctiores aut tempus fortasse nos certiores facient. Opinor tamen plus valere cohaerentiam constantiamque linguae quam fontes fortuitos et discrepantes. Omnes linguae analogia procedunt. Fortasse modernorum usu remoto imprimis spectandum est utrum in talibus casibus linguae Latinae ratio neutrum praevertat an femininum genus.--[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 12:19, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Fortasse investigandum est unde suffixum chemicum ''-ine'' ortum sit. Nam hoc suffixum Francogallicum (feminini generis) in nominibus substantiarum sicut {{barbarice|lingua=fr|morphine}} et {{barbarice|lingua=fr|quinine}} primum adhibitum est, et ipsum suffixum videtur ad traditionem Latinam pertinere: Latine enim dicitur ''medicina'', non ''*medicinum''. Hinc fortasse intellegi potest cur forma ''-ina'' potius quam ''-inum'' aptior sit ad talia vocabula Latine formanda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 12:41, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Ita sed lingua Francogallica neutrum genus non habet unde comparatio difficilis. Medicina artem designat non chemicum. Elementa chemica neutri generis esse solent. Inveniuntur antiquitus pistrinum et pistrina. Visne tamen femininum genus eligamus? Ita negotium decisum erit nisi alii Vicipaediani sententiam suam ferre voluerint, quod adhuc melius esset. --[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 15:11, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Persuasum habeo formam in ''-ina'' aptiorem esse, sed argumenta nondum tam firma habeo ut normam quandam imponere velim. Quam ob rem, pro tempore mihi videtur melius esse fontibus cuiusque vocabuli haerere (qui inter paginas differre possunt), donec clarior quaedam ratio nobis appareat. Argumenta mea haec sunt: exempla substantiarum chemicarum in ''-ina'' iam a medio aevo exstant (exempli gratia “{{wikten|calamina}}”), sed similia exempla in ''-inum'' nescio. Porro, ''-ina'' suffixum saepe adhibitum est ad significandum “id quod aliquid affert” (exempli gratia “salina” est id quod salem affert), atque nomen “morphina” mihi videtur simili ratione formatum esse (id est quasi “id quod somnum affert”). Exempla aequivalentia in genere neutro mihi ignota sunt. His dictis, haec est tamen mea sententia tantum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 15:42, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) h7eee4s750hnhy05hh6rmb5n9n6hz6k 3974790 3974787 2026-07-26T15:44:20Z Grufo 64423 /* Dopamina aut dopaminum */ 3974790 wikitext text/x-wiki == Dopamina aut dopaminum == Miror quod in nexibus externis fons Latinus "dopaminum" indicat de quo in initio paginae ratio non habetur. Praeterea in catalogo nostro [[Aminoacidum|aminoacidorum]] legimus phenylalaninum et tyrosinum non -na. [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 16:43, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marce]], controversia iam pridem exstat. Nomina substantiarum chemicarum quae Anglice suffixo ''-ine'' terminantur Latine utrumque suffixum recipere possunt, ''-ina'' et ''-inum''. Ii qui linguis Romanicis utuntur mihi videntur plerumque formae ''-ina'' favere, ii autem qui linguis Germanicis utuntur formae ''-inum''. Fontes utriusque usūs reperiuntur. Quam ob rem quaestio non tam est quid “vere Latinum” sit, quam utra forma in Vicipaedia praeferenda sit, an revera ulla forma omnino praeferenda sit necne. Mea sententia, utraque forma apud nos est memoranda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:03, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Sapienter iudicare mihi videris sed multae redirectiones addendae sunt et utraque forma initio paginae scribenda est. Alioqui non tantum lectores sed etiam contributores diu errabunt. Nam usus Vicipaedianus nunc sibi parum cohaeret --[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 18:19, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Ita. Nam etiamsi ambas formas memoramus, titulus paginae semper unus est; idcirco fortasse una forma constanter nobis est praeferenda. Incommodum tamen hoc est, quod non semper fontes utriusque formae inveniuntur: interdum fontes formae in ''-inum'' reperiuntur, interdum tantummodo formae in ''-ina''. Usus suffixi ''-ina'' mihi videtur esse antiquior; cf. “Extracta ex opio materies {{lectio|Morphina}} dicta” (1818) [[Morphina|hic]], sed nescio quid nobis sit faciendum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:33, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Nescio utra forma praeferenda sit. Numquam etenim rem istam diligenter investigavi. Doctiores aut tempus fortasse nos certiores facient. Opinor tamen plus valere cohaerentiam constantiamque linguae quam fontes fortuitos et discrepantes. Omnes linguae analogia procedunt. Fortasse modernorum usu remoto imprimis spectandum est utrum in talibus casibus linguae Latinae ratio neutrum praevertat an femininum genus.--[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 12:19, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Fortasse investigandum est unde suffixum chemicum ''-ine'' ortum sit. Nam hoc suffixum Francogallicum (feminini generis) in nominibus substantiarum sicut {{barbarice|lingua=fr|morphine}} et {{barbarice|lingua=fr|quinine}} primum adhibitum est, et ipsum suffixum videtur ad traditionem Latinam pertinere: Latine enim dicitur ''medicina'', non ''*medicinum''. Hinc fortasse intellegi potest cur forma ''-ina'' potius quam ''-inum'' aptior sit ad talia vocabula Latine formanda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 12:41, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Ita sed lingua Francogallica neutrum genus non habet unde comparatio difficilis. Medicina artem designat non chemicum. Elementa chemica neutri generis esse solent. Inveniuntur antiquitus pistrinum et pistrina. Visne tamen femininum genus eligamus? Ita negotium decisum erit nisi alii Vicipaediani sententiam suam ferre voluerint, quod adhuc melius esset. --[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 15:11, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Persuasum habeo formam in ''-ina'' aptiorem esse, sed argumenta nondum tam firma habeo ut normam quandam imponere velim. Quam ob rem, pro tempore mihi videtur melius esse fontibus cuiusque vocabuli haerere (qui inter paginas differre possunt), donec clarior quaedam ratio nobis appareat. Argumenta mea haec sunt: exempla substantiarum chemicarum in ''-ina'' iam a medio aevo exstant (exempli gratia “{{wikten|calamina}}”), sed similia antiqua exempla in ''-inum'' nescio. Porro, ''-ina'' suffixum saepe adhibitum est ad significandum “id quod aliquid affert” (exempli gratia “salina” est id quod salem affert), atque nomen “morphina” mihi videtur simili ratione formatum esse (id est quasi “id quod somnum affert”). Exempla aequivalentia in genere neutro mihi ignota sunt. His dictis, haec est tamen mea sententia tantum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 15:42, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) 5tvm30dwapvi54wne4tbpwy3o9qs0pb 3974791 3974790 2026-07-26T15:45:28Z Grufo 64423 /* Dopamina aut dopaminum */ 3974791 wikitext text/x-wiki == Dopamina aut dopaminum == Miror quod in nexibus externis fons Latinus "dopaminum" indicat de quo in initio paginae ratio non habetur. Praeterea in catalogo nostro [[Aminoacidum|aminoacidorum]] legimus phenylalaninum et tyrosinum non -na. [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 16:43, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : [[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marce]], controversia iam pridem exstat. Nomina substantiarum chemicarum quae Anglice suffixo ''-ine'' terminantur Latine utrumque suffixum recipere possunt, ''-ina'' et ''-inum''. Ii qui linguis Romanicis utuntur mihi videntur plerumque formae ''-ina'' favere, ii autem qui linguis Germanicis utuntur formae ''-inum''. Fontes utriusque usūs reperiuntur. Quam ob rem quaestio non tam est quid “vere Latinum” sit, quam utra forma in Vicipaedia praeferenda sit, an revera ulla forma omnino praeferenda sit necne. Mea sententia, utraque forma apud nos est memoranda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:03, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Sapienter iudicare mihi videris sed multae redirectiones addendae sunt et utraque forma initio paginae scribenda est. Alioqui non tantum lectores sed etiam contributores diu errabunt. Nam usus Vicipaedianus nunc sibi parum cohaeret --[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 18:19, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Ita. Nam etiamsi ambas formas memoramus, titulus paginae semper unus est; idcirco fortasse una forma constanter nobis est praeferenda. Incommodum tamen hoc est, quod non semper fontes utriusque formae inveniuntur: interdum fontes formae in ''-inum'' reperiuntur, interdum tantummodo formae in ''-ina''. Usus suffixi ''-ina'' mihi videtur esse antiquior; cf. “Extracta ex opio materies {{lectio|Morphina}} dicta” (1818) [[Morphina|hic]], sed nescio quid nobis sit faciendum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:33, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Nescio utra forma praeferenda sit. Numquam etenim rem istam diligenter investigavi. Doctiores aut tempus fortasse nos certiores facient. Opinor tamen plus valere cohaerentiam constantiamque linguae quam fontes fortuitos et discrepantes. Omnes linguae analogia procedunt. Fortasse modernorum usu remoto imprimis spectandum est utrum in talibus casibus linguae Latinae ratio neutrum praevertat an femininum genus.--[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 12:19, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Fortasse investigandum est unde suffixum chemicum ''-ine'' ortum sit. Nam hoc suffixum Francogallicum (feminini generis) in nominibus substantiarum sicut {{barbarice|lingua=fr|morphine}} et {{barbarice|lingua=fr|quinine}} primum adhibitum est, et ipsum suffixum videtur ad traditionem Latinam pertinere: Latine enim dicitur ''medicina'', non ''*medicinum''. Hinc fortasse intellegi potest cur forma ''-ina'' potius quam ''-inum'' aptior sit ad talia vocabula Latine formanda. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 12:41, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) Ita sed lingua Francogallica neutrum genus non habet unde comparatio difficilis. Medicina artem designat non chemicum. Elementa chemica neutri generis esse solent. Inveniuntur antiquitus pistrinum et pistrina. Visne tamen femininum genus eligamus? Ita negotium decisum erit nisi alii Vicipaediani sententiam suam ferre voluerint, quod adhuc melius esset. --[[Usor:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus|disputatio]]) 15:11, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) : Persuasum habeo formam in ''-ina'' aptiorem esse, sed argumenta nondum tam firma habeo ut normam quandam imponere velim. Quam ob rem, pro tempore mihi videtur melius esse fontibus cuiusque vocabuli haerere (qui inter paginas differre possunt), donec clarior quaedam ratio nobis appareat. Argumenta mea haec sunt: exempla substantiarum chemicarum in ''-ina'' iam a medio aevo exstant (exempli gratia “{{wikten|calamina}}”), sed similia antiqua exempla in ''-inum'' nescio. Porro, ''-ina'' suffixum saepe adhibitum est ad significandum “id quod aliquid affert” (exempli gratia “salina” est id quod salem affert), atque nomen “morphina” mihi videtur simili ratione formatum esse (id est quasi “id quod somnum affert”). Exempla aequivalentia genere neutro mihi ignota sunt. His dictis, haec est tamen mea sententia tantum. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 15:42, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) mpwvraw2fzw8t1to42vnsedgegx2ok9 Disputatio:Babylonokia 1 326924 3974737 3974719 2026-07-26T13:12:41Z Grufo 64423 /* Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? */ Re 3974737 wikitext text/x-wiki == Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? == <!-- Noli haec verba removere si formula die 25 Iulii 2026 hora 19:52:01 petita nondum forma finali patescit. -->{{Disputatio petitoria Vicipaediae|Delenda|20260725195201}} Formulam {{[[Formula:Confestim delenda|Confestim delenda]]}} ad formulam {{[[Formula:Delenda|Delenda]]}} verti, quia [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|disputatio]] orta est. De deletione hic disputare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:52, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :{{Ping|Kalligraphiemonk}} haec, nisi fallor, scribere voluit: "falsum praeiudicium, latine emendatum est - 19 linguae rectae sunt". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:49, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Egomet ipse haec dixerim: Commentatio, post emendationes, Latinitate haud pessima componitur: fontes plures et utiles citantur: possumus retinere. Quid dicunt alii? ::Videte etiam disputationem apud de:wiki habitam: [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/2._April_2018#Babylonokia_(SLA)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:03, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Videte [[:en:Babylonokia]] - nullae obiectiones sibi sunt. [[Usor:Kalligraphiemonk|Kalligraphiemonk]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kalligraphiemonk|disputatio]]) 10:04, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Ich wurde eingeladen, mich an dieser Löschdiskussion zu beteiligen und bedanke mich herzlich dafür. Da es mir freigestellt wurde, mich auf Deutsch zu äußern, mache ich das. Die letzten lateinischen Sätze, die von mir kamen, sind etwa so älter, als mein Wikipedia-Account. Der Benutzer ist nach unangemessenen Experimenten auf [[:mw:User:Your name/sandbox]] durch x-wiki-Spam des Artikels über dieses "Kunstwerkes" ([[:wikidata:Q28114063]]) aufgefallen. Eine Ansprache unter anderem wegen KI-Nutzung sehr ihr dort: [[:de:Benutzer Diskussion:Kalligrafiemonk#Wie viele...]]. In der Versionsgeschichte des Datenobjektes sieht man deutlich, dass der Benutzer seit 2017 immer wieder x-wiki diese Artikel hinzufügt, nachdem er die Seiten erstellt hat. Sprachkenntnisse des jeweiligen Projektes sieht er häufig nicht als notwendig an, so wie er selbst einräumt. Wie @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] richtig verlinkt hat, gab es auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia die wohl früheste Fassung des Artikels. In deren Löschdiskussion wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk und dem Schöpfer von ''Babylonokia'', Karl Weingärtner hergestellt. Aus diesem Grunde halte ich den Artikel für eine x-wiki Selbstdarstellung. In meiner Funktion als globaler Rücksetzer und Metawiki-Admin begegnen mir solche Fälle öfter. Vor allem sind die bereits gelöschten Versionen hier bemerkenswert: :* gotwiki gelöscht am 08:16, 25. Jun. 2026 von einem Steward :* tawiki gelöscht am 11:32, 8. Jan. 2024 von einem lokalen Admin :* ruwiki gelöscht am 22:08, 26. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut '''gelöscht am 22:32, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* slwiki gelöscht am 21:44, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* itwiki gelöscht am 00:06, 7. Aug. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hrwiki gelöscht am 13:14, 22. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki erneut gelöscht am 17:16, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki gelöscht am 16:40, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut ''' gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hewiki gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem damaligen Admin :* dewiki gelöscht am 06:48, 25. Feb. 2017 von einem lokalen Admin :Mit Blick auf [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|diese Diskussion]] bin ich sehr irritiert. Hier wird mir durch den Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk Vandalismus in diesem Projekt vorgeworfen. Allerdings kann ich dem [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialis:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Mahathir+Mohamad Missbrauchsfilter-Logbuch] entnehmen, dass der Benutzer in genau dem fragwürdigen Artikel abgemeldet editieren wollte. Der Filter entstand, nachdem dutzende Sprachversionen von [[:wikidata:Q181383]] durch einen Langzeitstörer vandaliert wurden. Dabei wurden die Versionsgeschichten durch teilweise sinnvolle Änderungen sowie selbstreverts massenhaft aufgebläht. :Ich werde den Benutzer selbst ansprechen, mit welcher Begründung er mich für einen Vandalen hält, das Thema sollte hier nicht diskutiert werden. Ich möchte nur klar stellen, dass ich stets im Dienste der kleinen oder auch mittleren Wikis, in denen ich patroulliere, handle. Wenn ich dabei Fehler mache, dann geschehen diese nicht in böser Absicht. Manchmal erfolgen beispielsweise Reverts von Bearbeitungen, die ich subjektiv nicht für sinnvoll erachte, es aber vielleicht doch sind. Bitte sprecht mich an, wenn sowas passieren sollte. Gibt es wiederholt Probleme, dann nehme ich Projekte aus meinen Filtereinstellungen, damit es keinen unötigen Ärger gibt. Zum Artikel bleibt nur zu sagen: Die Entscheidung obliegt dem Projekt, ich werde aber nun aktiver für die Löschung der x-wiki-Versionen vorgehen. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 11:38, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you for your work as part of the Small Wiki Monitoring Team. My German is rusty, so I hope you do not mind if I reply in English. I think you did a good job reporting this case, and I hope you will continue your valuable work monitoring us. I have been thinking for some time that we might need a better way to handle possible cross-wiki spam than directly tagging pages for speedy deletion. Do you think it could work if all wikis had access to a standard template, let's say <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Crosswiki spam report}}</syntaxhighlight>, for reporting suspected cross-wiki spam, and this template were used instead of directly adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>? In this way, individual wikis could decide how to handle similar cases according to their own policies. For some communities, the template could even be made a redirect to <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>, while others might prefer a discussion first. Cross-wiki patrollers would then simply act as independent messengers, bringing possible issues to the attention of local communities without needing to become involved in deletion discussions themselves (unless they want to). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:12, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) htuv5shsf9lt759mokqwbvy5143e2m8 3974738 3974737 2026-07-26T13:13:58Z Grufo 64423 /* Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? */ 3974738 wikitext text/x-wiki == Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? == <!-- Noli haec verba removere si formula die 25 Iulii 2026 hora 19:52:01 petita nondum forma finali patescit. -->{{Disputatio petitoria Vicipaediae|Delenda|20260725195201}} Formulam {{[[Formula:Confestim delenda|Confestim delenda]]}} ad formulam {{[[Formula:Delenda|Delenda]]}} verti, quia [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|disputatio]] orta est. De deletione hic disputare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:52, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :{{Ping|Kalligraphiemonk}} haec, nisi fallor, scribere voluit: "falsum praeiudicium, latine emendatum est - 19 linguae rectae sunt". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:49, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Egomet ipse haec dixerim: Commentatio, post emendationes, Latinitate haud pessima componitur: fontes plures et utiles citantur: possumus retinere. Quid dicunt alii? ::Videte etiam disputationem apud de:wiki habitam: [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/2._April_2018#Babylonokia_(SLA)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:03, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Videte [[:en:Babylonokia]] - nullae obiectiones sibi sunt. [[Usor:Kalligraphiemonk|Kalligraphiemonk]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kalligraphiemonk|disputatio]]) 10:04, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Ich wurde eingeladen, mich an dieser Löschdiskussion zu beteiligen und bedanke mich herzlich dafür. Da es mir freigestellt wurde, mich auf Deutsch zu äußern, mache ich das. Die letzten lateinischen Sätze, die von mir kamen, sind etwa so älter, als mein Wikipedia-Account. Der Benutzer ist nach unangemessenen Experimenten auf [[:mw:User:Your name/sandbox]] durch x-wiki-Spam des Artikels über dieses "Kunstwerkes" ([[:wikidata:Q28114063]]) aufgefallen. Eine Ansprache unter anderem wegen KI-Nutzung sehr ihr dort: [[:de:Benutzer Diskussion:Kalligrafiemonk#Wie viele...]]. In der Versionsgeschichte des Datenobjektes sieht man deutlich, dass der Benutzer seit 2017 immer wieder x-wiki diese Artikel hinzufügt, nachdem er die Seiten erstellt hat. Sprachkenntnisse des jeweiligen Projektes sieht er häufig nicht als notwendig an, so wie er selbst einräumt. Wie @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] richtig verlinkt hat, gab es auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia die wohl früheste Fassung des Artikels. In deren Löschdiskussion wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk und dem Schöpfer von ''Babylonokia'', Karl Weingärtner hergestellt. Aus diesem Grunde halte ich den Artikel für eine x-wiki Selbstdarstellung. In meiner Funktion als globaler Rücksetzer und Metawiki-Admin begegnen mir solche Fälle öfter. Vor allem sind die bereits gelöschten Versionen hier bemerkenswert: :* gotwiki gelöscht am 08:16, 25. Jun. 2026 von einem Steward :* tawiki gelöscht am 11:32, 8. Jan. 2024 von einem lokalen Admin :* ruwiki gelöscht am 22:08, 26. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut '''gelöscht am 22:32, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* slwiki gelöscht am 21:44, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* itwiki gelöscht am 00:06, 7. Aug. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hrwiki gelöscht am 13:14, 22. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki erneut gelöscht am 17:16, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki gelöscht am 16:40, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut ''' gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hewiki gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem damaligen Admin :* dewiki gelöscht am 06:48, 25. Feb. 2017 von einem lokalen Admin :Mit Blick auf [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|diese Diskussion]] bin ich sehr irritiert. Hier wird mir durch den Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk Vandalismus in diesem Projekt vorgeworfen. Allerdings kann ich dem [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialis:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Mahathir+Mohamad Missbrauchsfilter-Logbuch] entnehmen, dass der Benutzer in genau dem fragwürdigen Artikel abgemeldet editieren wollte. Der Filter entstand, nachdem dutzende Sprachversionen von [[:wikidata:Q181383]] durch einen Langzeitstörer vandaliert wurden. Dabei wurden die Versionsgeschichten durch teilweise sinnvolle Änderungen sowie selbstreverts massenhaft aufgebläht. :Ich werde den Benutzer selbst ansprechen, mit welcher Begründung er mich für einen Vandalen hält, das Thema sollte hier nicht diskutiert werden. Ich möchte nur klar stellen, dass ich stets im Dienste der kleinen oder auch mittleren Wikis, in denen ich patroulliere, handle. Wenn ich dabei Fehler mache, dann geschehen diese nicht in böser Absicht. Manchmal erfolgen beispielsweise Reverts von Bearbeitungen, die ich subjektiv nicht für sinnvoll erachte, es aber vielleicht doch sind. Bitte sprecht mich an, wenn sowas passieren sollte. Gibt es wiederholt Probleme, dann nehme ich Projekte aus meinen Filtereinstellungen, damit es keinen unötigen Ärger gibt. Zum Artikel bleibt nur zu sagen: Die Entscheidung obliegt dem Projekt, ich werde aber nun aktiver für die Löschung der x-wiki-Versionen vorgehen. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 11:38, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you for your work as part of the Small Wiki Monitoring Team. My German is rusty, so I hope you do not mind if I write in English. I think you did a good job reporting this case, and I hope you will continue your valuable work monitoring us. I have been thinking for some time that we might need a better way to handle possible cross-wiki spam than directly tagging pages for speedy deletion. Do you think it could work if all wikis had access to a standard template, let's say <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Crosswiki spam report}}</syntaxhighlight>, for reporting suspected cross-wiki spam, and this template were used instead of directly adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>? In this way, individual wikis could decide how to handle similar cases according to their own policies. For some communities, the template could even be made a redirect to <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>, while others might prefer a discussion first. Cross-wiki patrollers would then simply act as independent messengers, bringing possible issues to the attention of local communities without needing to become involved in deletion discussions themselves (unless they want to). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:12, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) e0kgq6akn2s3oddjugcjrdkj0pr7uwj 3974745 3974738 2026-07-26T13:25:51Z Grufo 64423 /* Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? */ 3974745 wikitext text/x-wiki == Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? == <!-- Noli haec verba removere si formula die 25 Iulii 2026 hora 19:52:01 petita nondum forma finali patescit. -->{{Disputatio petitoria Vicipaediae|Delenda|20260725195201}} Formulam {{[[Formula:Confestim delenda|Confestim delenda]]}} ad formulam {{[[Formula:Delenda|Delenda]]}} verti, quia [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|disputatio]] orta est. De deletione hic disputare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:52, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :{{Ping|Kalligraphiemonk}} haec, nisi fallor, scribere voluit: "falsum praeiudicium, latine emendatum est - 19 linguae rectae sunt". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:49, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Egomet ipse haec dixerim: Commentatio, post emendationes, Latinitate haud pessima componitur: fontes plures et utiles citantur: possumus retinere. Quid dicunt alii? ::Videte etiam disputationem apud de:wiki habitam: [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/2._April_2018#Babylonokia_(SLA)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:03, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Videte [[:en:Babylonokia]] - nullae obiectiones sibi sunt. [[Usor:Kalligraphiemonk|Kalligraphiemonk]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kalligraphiemonk|disputatio]]) 10:04, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Ich wurde eingeladen, mich an dieser Löschdiskussion zu beteiligen und bedanke mich herzlich dafür. Da es mir freigestellt wurde, mich auf Deutsch zu äußern, mache ich das. Die letzten lateinischen Sätze, die von mir kamen, sind etwa so älter, als mein Wikipedia-Account. Der Benutzer ist nach unangemessenen Experimenten auf [[:mw:User:Your name/sandbox]] durch x-wiki-Spam des Artikels über dieses "Kunstwerkes" ([[:wikidata:Q28114063]]) aufgefallen. Eine Ansprache unter anderem wegen KI-Nutzung sehr ihr dort: [[:de:Benutzer Diskussion:Kalligrafiemonk#Wie viele...]]. In der Versionsgeschichte des Datenobjektes sieht man deutlich, dass der Benutzer seit 2017 immer wieder x-wiki diese Artikel hinzufügt, nachdem er die Seiten erstellt hat. Sprachkenntnisse des jeweiligen Projektes sieht er häufig nicht als notwendig an, so wie er selbst einräumt. Wie @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] richtig verlinkt hat, gab es auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia die wohl früheste Fassung des Artikels. In deren Löschdiskussion wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk und dem Schöpfer von ''Babylonokia'', Karl Weingärtner hergestellt. Aus diesem Grunde halte ich den Artikel für eine x-wiki Selbstdarstellung. In meiner Funktion als globaler Rücksetzer und Metawiki-Admin begegnen mir solche Fälle öfter. Vor allem sind die bereits gelöschten Versionen hier bemerkenswert: :* gotwiki gelöscht am 08:16, 25. Jun. 2026 von einem Steward :* tawiki gelöscht am 11:32, 8. Jan. 2024 von einem lokalen Admin :* ruwiki gelöscht am 22:08, 26. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut '''gelöscht am 22:32, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* slwiki gelöscht am 21:44, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* itwiki gelöscht am 00:06, 7. Aug. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hrwiki gelöscht am 13:14, 22. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki erneut gelöscht am 17:16, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki gelöscht am 16:40, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut ''' gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hewiki gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem damaligen Admin :* dewiki gelöscht am 06:48, 25. Feb. 2017 von einem lokalen Admin :Mit Blick auf [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|diese Diskussion]] bin ich sehr irritiert. Hier wird mir durch den Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk Vandalismus in diesem Projekt vorgeworfen. Allerdings kann ich dem [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialis:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Mahathir+Mohamad Missbrauchsfilter-Logbuch] entnehmen, dass der Benutzer in genau dem fragwürdigen Artikel abgemeldet editieren wollte. Der Filter entstand, nachdem dutzende Sprachversionen von [[:wikidata:Q181383]] durch einen Langzeitstörer vandaliert wurden. Dabei wurden die Versionsgeschichten durch teilweise sinnvolle Änderungen sowie selbstreverts massenhaft aufgebläht. :Ich werde den Benutzer selbst ansprechen, mit welcher Begründung er mich für einen Vandalen hält, das Thema sollte hier nicht diskutiert werden. Ich möchte nur klar stellen, dass ich stets im Dienste der kleinen oder auch mittleren Wikis, in denen ich patroulliere, handle. Wenn ich dabei Fehler mache, dann geschehen diese nicht in böser Absicht. Manchmal erfolgen beispielsweise Reverts von Bearbeitungen, die ich subjektiv nicht für sinnvoll erachte, es aber vielleicht doch sind. Bitte sprecht mich an, wenn sowas passieren sollte. Gibt es wiederholt Probleme, dann nehme ich Projekte aus meinen Filtereinstellungen, damit es keinen unötigen Ärger gibt. Zum Artikel bleibt nur zu sagen: Die Entscheidung obliegt dem Projekt, ich werde aber nun aktiver für die Löschung der x-wiki-Versionen vorgehen. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 11:38, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you for your work as part of the Small Wiki Monitoring Team. My German is rusty, so I hope you do not mind if I write in English. I think you did a good job reporting this case, and I hope you will continue your valuable work monitoring us. I have been thinking for some time that we might need a better way to handle possible cross-wiki spam than directly tagging pages for speedy deletion. Do you think it could work if all wikis had access to a standard template, let's say <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Cross-wiki spam report}}</syntaxhighlight>, for reporting suspected cross-wiki spam, and this template were used instead of directly adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>? In this way, individual wikis could decide how to handle similar cases according to their own policies. For some communities, the template could even be made a redirect to <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>, while others might prefer a discussion first. Cross-wiki patrollers would then simply act as independent messengers, bringing possible issues to the attention of local communities without needing to become involved in deletion discussions themselves (unless they want to). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:12, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) 1uiu03a9o53ychbxrvi5hbk0wirevlf 3974747 3974745 2026-07-26T13:40:13Z NDG 196620 /* Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? */ Reply 3974747 wikitext text/x-wiki == Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? == <!-- Noli haec verba removere si formula die 25 Iulii 2026 hora 19:52:01 petita nondum forma finali patescit. -->{{Disputatio petitoria Vicipaediae|Delenda|20260725195201}} Formulam {{[[Formula:Confestim delenda|Confestim delenda]]}} ad formulam {{[[Formula:Delenda|Delenda]]}} verti, quia [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|disputatio]] orta est. De deletione hic disputare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:52, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :{{Ping|Kalligraphiemonk}} haec, nisi fallor, scribere voluit: "falsum praeiudicium, latine emendatum est - 19 linguae rectae sunt". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:49, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Egomet ipse haec dixerim: Commentatio, post emendationes, Latinitate haud pessima componitur: fontes plures et utiles citantur: possumus retinere. Quid dicunt alii? ::Videte etiam disputationem apud de:wiki habitam: [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/2._April_2018#Babylonokia_(SLA)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:03, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Videte [[:en:Babylonokia]] - nullae obiectiones sibi sunt. [[Usor:Kalligraphiemonk|Kalligraphiemonk]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kalligraphiemonk|disputatio]]) 10:04, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Ich wurde eingeladen, mich an dieser Löschdiskussion zu beteiligen und bedanke mich herzlich dafür. Da es mir freigestellt wurde, mich auf Deutsch zu äußern, mache ich das. Die letzten lateinischen Sätze, die von mir kamen, sind etwa so älter, als mein Wikipedia-Account. Der Benutzer ist nach unangemessenen Experimenten auf [[:mw:User:Your name/sandbox]] durch x-wiki-Spam des Artikels über dieses "Kunstwerkes" ([[:wikidata:Q28114063]]) aufgefallen. Eine Ansprache unter anderem wegen KI-Nutzung sehr ihr dort: [[:de:Benutzer Diskussion:Kalligrafiemonk#Wie viele...]]. In der Versionsgeschichte des Datenobjektes sieht man deutlich, dass der Benutzer seit 2017 immer wieder x-wiki diese Artikel hinzufügt, nachdem er die Seiten erstellt hat. Sprachkenntnisse des jeweiligen Projektes sieht er häufig nicht als notwendig an, so wie er selbst einräumt. Wie @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] richtig verlinkt hat, gab es auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia die wohl früheste Fassung des Artikels. In deren Löschdiskussion wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk und dem Schöpfer von ''Babylonokia'', Karl Weingärtner hergestellt. Aus diesem Grunde halte ich den Artikel für eine x-wiki Selbstdarstellung. In meiner Funktion als globaler Rücksetzer und Metawiki-Admin begegnen mir solche Fälle öfter. Vor allem sind die bereits gelöschten Versionen hier bemerkenswert: :* gotwiki gelöscht am 08:16, 25. Jun. 2026 von einem Steward :* tawiki gelöscht am 11:32, 8. Jan. 2024 von einem lokalen Admin :* ruwiki gelöscht am 22:08, 26. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut '''gelöscht am 22:32, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* slwiki gelöscht am 21:44, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* itwiki gelöscht am 00:06, 7. Aug. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hrwiki gelöscht am 13:14, 22. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki erneut gelöscht am 17:16, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki gelöscht am 16:40, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut ''' gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hewiki gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem damaligen Admin :* dewiki gelöscht am 06:48, 25. Feb. 2017 von einem lokalen Admin :Mit Blick auf [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|diese Diskussion]] bin ich sehr irritiert. Hier wird mir durch den Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk Vandalismus in diesem Projekt vorgeworfen. Allerdings kann ich dem [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialis:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Mahathir+Mohamad Missbrauchsfilter-Logbuch] entnehmen, dass der Benutzer in genau dem fragwürdigen Artikel abgemeldet editieren wollte. Der Filter entstand, nachdem dutzende Sprachversionen von [[:wikidata:Q181383]] durch einen Langzeitstörer vandaliert wurden. Dabei wurden die Versionsgeschichten durch teilweise sinnvolle Änderungen sowie selbstreverts massenhaft aufgebläht. :Ich werde den Benutzer selbst ansprechen, mit welcher Begründung er mich für einen Vandalen hält, das Thema sollte hier nicht diskutiert werden. Ich möchte nur klar stellen, dass ich stets im Dienste der kleinen oder auch mittleren Wikis, in denen ich patroulliere, handle. Wenn ich dabei Fehler mache, dann geschehen diese nicht in böser Absicht. Manchmal erfolgen beispielsweise Reverts von Bearbeitungen, die ich subjektiv nicht für sinnvoll erachte, es aber vielleicht doch sind. Bitte sprecht mich an, wenn sowas passieren sollte. Gibt es wiederholt Probleme, dann nehme ich Projekte aus meinen Filtereinstellungen, damit es keinen unötigen Ärger gibt. Zum Artikel bleibt nur zu sagen: Die Entscheidung obliegt dem Projekt, ich werde aber nun aktiver für die Löschung der x-wiki-Versionen vorgehen. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 11:38, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you for your work as part of the Small Wiki Monitoring Team. My German is rusty, so I hope you do not mind if I write in English. I think you did a good job reporting this case, and I hope you will continue your valuable work monitoring us. I have been thinking for some time that we might need a better way to handle possible cross-wiki spam than directly tagging pages for speedy deletion. Do you think it could work if all wikis had access to a standard template, let's say <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Cross-wiki spam report}}</syntaxhighlight>, for reporting suspected cross-wiki spam, and this template were used instead of directly adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>? In this way, individual wikis could decide how to handle similar cases according to their own policies. For some communities, the template could even be made a redirect to <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>, while others might prefer a discussion first. Cross-wiki patrollers would then simply act as independent messengers, bringing possible issues to the attention of local communities without needing to become involved in deletion discussions themselves (unless they want to). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:12, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Thank you very much @[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]], I really appreciate that. About the template: Perhaps that would be a good idea, but we should discuss that at metawiki (e.g. at [[:m:SRM]]). My reason was ''No useful content. Out of project scope.'' for the lack of notability, which every community has do decide for itself and ''AI-x-wiki spam'' as for the problematic source of these translations/generations. Please note the [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q28114063&action=history increasing page creations] since 2023. With the introduction of GPT-4 in 2023, the usage of LLMs for the generation of wikipedia articles increased, which may be the problem in this case. :::It is quite interesting to see, that my speedy was reverted by a tempaccount using a proxy. The IP of the tempaccount [[User:~2026-41443-24]] which ran into the filter before the account [[User:Kalligraphiemonk]] (compare [[User:Kalligrafiemonk]]) was created is blocked as a proxy in two russian projects since 2026-07-07. I will contact the Stewards about that special case. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 13:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) 9phy7b7qyvxj603l5l8mdnuuyfe9bjl 3974749 3974747 2026-07-26T13:55:02Z IacobusAmor 1163 /* Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? */ + 3974749 wikitext text/x-wiki == Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? == <!-- Noli haec verba removere si formula die 25 Iulii 2026 hora 19:52:01 petita nondum forma finali patescit. -->{{Disputatio petitoria Vicipaediae|Delenda|20260725195201}} Formulam {{[[Formula:Confestim delenda|Confestim delenda]]}} ad formulam {{[[Formula:Delenda|Delenda]]}} verti, quia [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|disputatio]] orta est. De deletione hic disputare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:52, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :{{Ping|Kalligraphiemonk}} haec, nisi fallor, scribere voluit: "falsum praeiudicium, latine emendatum est - 19 linguae rectae sunt". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:49, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Egomet ipse haec dixerim: Commentatio, post emendationes, Latinitate haud pessima componitur: fontes plures et utiles citantur: possumus retinere. Quid dicunt alii? ::Videte etiam disputationem apud de:wiki habitam: [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/2._April_2018#Babylonokia_(SLA)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:03, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Videte [[:en:Babylonokia]] - nullae obiectiones sibi sunt. [[Usor:Kalligraphiemonk|Kalligraphiemonk]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kalligraphiemonk|disputatio]]) 10:04, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Ich wurde eingeladen, mich an dieser Löschdiskussion zu beteiligen und bedanke mich herzlich dafür. Da es mir freigestellt wurde, mich auf Deutsch zu äußern, mache ich das. Die letzten lateinischen Sätze, die von mir kamen, sind etwa so älter, als mein Wikipedia-Account. Der Benutzer ist nach unangemessenen Experimenten auf [[:mw:User:Your name/sandbox]] durch x-wiki-Spam des Artikels über dieses "Kunstwerkes" ([[:wikidata:Q28114063]]) aufgefallen. Eine Ansprache unter anderem wegen KI-Nutzung sehr ihr dort: [[:de:Benutzer Diskussion:Kalligrafiemonk#Wie viele...]]. In der Versionsgeschichte des Datenobjektes sieht man deutlich, dass der Benutzer seit 2017 immer wieder x-wiki diese Artikel hinzufügt, nachdem er die Seiten erstellt hat. Sprachkenntnisse des jeweiligen Projektes sieht er häufig nicht als notwendig an, so wie er selbst einräumt. Wie @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] richtig verlinkt hat, gab es auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia die wohl früheste Fassung des Artikels. In deren Löschdiskussion wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk und dem Schöpfer von ''Babylonokia'', Karl Weingärtner hergestellt. Aus diesem Grunde halte ich den Artikel für eine x-wiki Selbstdarstellung. In meiner Funktion als globaler Rücksetzer und Metawiki-Admin begegnen mir solche Fälle öfter. Vor allem sind die bereits gelöschten Versionen hier bemerkenswert: :* gotwiki gelöscht am 08:16, 25. Jun. 2026 von einem Steward :* tawiki gelöscht am 11:32, 8. Jan. 2024 von einem lokalen Admin :* ruwiki gelöscht am 22:08, 26. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut '''gelöscht am 22:32, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* slwiki gelöscht am 21:44, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* itwiki gelöscht am 00:06, 7. Aug. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hrwiki gelöscht am 13:14, 22. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki erneut gelöscht am 17:16, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki gelöscht am 16:40, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut ''' gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hewiki gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem damaligen Admin :* dewiki gelöscht am 06:48, 25. Feb. 2017 von einem lokalen Admin :Mit Blick auf [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|diese Diskussion]] bin ich sehr irritiert. Hier wird mir durch den Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk Vandalismus in diesem Projekt vorgeworfen. Allerdings kann ich dem [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialis:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Mahathir+Mohamad Missbrauchsfilter-Logbuch] entnehmen, dass der Benutzer in genau dem fragwürdigen Artikel abgemeldet editieren wollte. Der Filter entstand, nachdem dutzende Sprachversionen von [[:wikidata:Q181383]] durch einen Langzeitstörer vandaliert wurden. Dabei wurden die Versionsgeschichten durch teilweise sinnvolle Änderungen sowie selbstreverts massenhaft aufgebläht. :Ich werde den Benutzer selbst ansprechen, mit welcher Begründung er mich für einen Vandalen hält, das Thema sollte hier nicht diskutiert werden. Ich möchte nur klar stellen, dass ich stets im Dienste der kleinen oder auch mittleren Wikis, in denen ich patroulliere, handle. Wenn ich dabei Fehler mache, dann geschehen diese nicht in böser Absicht. Manchmal erfolgen beispielsweise Reverts von Bearbeitungen, die ich subjektiv nicht für sinnvoll erachte, es aber vielleicht doch sind. Bitte sprecht mich an, wenn sowas passieren sollte. Gibt es wiederholt Probleme, dann nehme ich Projekte aus meinen Filtereinstellungen, damit es keinen unötigen Ärger gibt. Zum Artikel bleibt nur zu sagen: Die Entscheidung obliegt dem Projekt, ich werde aber nun aktiver für die Löschung der x-wiki-Versionen vorgehen. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 11:38, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you for your work as part of the Small Wiki Monitoring Team. My German is rusty, so I hope you do not mind if I write in English. I think you did a good job reporting this case, and I hope you will continue your valuable work monitoring us. I have been thinking for some time that we might need a better way to handle possible cross-wiki spam than directly tagging pages for speedy deletion. Do you think it could work if all wikis had access to a standard template, let's say <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Cross-wiki spam report}}</syntaxhighlight>, for reporting suspected cross-wiki spam, and this template were used instead of directly adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>? In this way, individual wikis could decide how to handle similar cases according to their own policies. For some communities, the template could even be made a redirect to <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>, while others might prefer a discussion first. Cross-wiki patrollers would then simply act as independent messengers, bringing possible issues to the attention of local communities without needing to become involved in deletion discussions themselves (unless they want to). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:12, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Thank you very much @[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]], I really appreciate that. About the template: Perhaps that would be a good idea, but we should discuss that at metawiki (e.g. at [[:m:SRM]]). My reason was ''No useful content. Out of project scope.'' for the lack of notability, which every community has do decide for itself and ''AI-x-wiki spam'' as for the problematic source of these translations/generations. Please note the [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q28114063&action=history increasing page creations] since 2023. With the introduction of GPT-4 in 2023, the usage of LLMs for the generation of wikipedia articles increased, which may be the problem in this case. :::It is quite interesting to see, that my speedy was reverted by a tempaccount using a proxy. The IP of the tempaccount [[User:~2026-41443-24]] which ran into the filter before the account [[User:Kalligraphiemonk]] (compare [[User:Kalligrafiemonk]]) was created is blocked as a proxy in two russian projects since 2026-07-07. I will contact the Stewards about that special case. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 13:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::::I'd ask three questions: :::::1. Is it a work of art or craft? Yes. (Compare [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp) an upside-down urinal.]) :::::2. Is it notable? Yes. (People are likelier to look for it than for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caychax villages having a population of 14].) :::::3. Do major wikis cover it? Yes. (Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, Japanese. Spanish). ::::So I'd keep it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ks8v03hli3nc6ctqn5u3is6nyq62jps 3974750 3974749 2026-07-26T13:57:56Z IacobusAmor 1163 /* Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? */ 3974750 wikitext text/x-wiki == Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? == <!-- Noli haec verba removere si formula die 25 Iulii 2026 hora 19:52:01 petita nondum forma finali patescit. -->{{Disputatio petitoria Vicipaediae|Delenda|20260725195201}} Formulam {{[[Formula:Confestim delenda|Confestim delenda]]}} ad formulam {{[[Formula:Delenda|Delenda]]}} verti, quia [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|disputatio]] orta est. De deletione hic disputare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:52, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :{{Ping|Kalligraphiemonk}} haec, nisi fallor, scribere voluit: "falsum praeiudicium, latine emendatum est - 19 linguae rectae sunt". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:49, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Egomet ipse haec dixerim: Commentatio, post emendationes, Latinitate haud pessima componitur: fontes plures et utiles citantur: possumus retinere. Quid dicunt alii? ::Videte etiam disputationem apud de:wiki habitam: [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/2._April_2018#Babylonokia_(SLA)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:03, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Videte [[:en:Babylonokia]] - nullae obiectiones sibi sunt. [[Usor:Kalligraphiemonk|Kalligraphiemonk]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kalligraphiemonk|disputatio]]) 10:04, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Ich wurde eingeladen, mich an dieser Löschdiskussion zu beteiligen und bedanke mich herzlich dafür. Da es mir freigestellt wurde, mich auf Deutsch zu äußern, mache ich das. Die letzten lateinischen Sätze, die von mir kamen, sind etwa so älter, als mein Wikipedia-Account. Der Benutzer ist nach unangemessenen Experimenten auf [[:mw:User:Your name/sandbox]] durch x-wiki-Spam des Artikels über dieses "Kunstwerkes" ([[:wikidata:Q28114063]]) aufgefallen. Eine Ansprache unter anderem wegen KI-Nutzung sehr ihr dort: [[:de:Benutzer Diskussion:Kalligrafiemonk#Wie viele...]]. In der Versionsgeschichte des Datenobjektes sieht man deutlich, dass der Benutzer seit 2017 immer wieder x-wiki diese Artikel hinzufügt, nachdem er die Seiten erstellt hat. Sprachkenntnisse des jeweiligen Projektes sieht er häufig nicht als notwendig an, so wie er selbst einräumt. Wie @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] richtig verlinkt hat, gab es auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia die wohl früheste Fassung des Artikels. In deren Löschdiskussion wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk und dem Schöpfer von ''Babylonokia'', Karl Weingärtner hergestellt. Aus diesem Grunde halte ich den Artikel für eine x-wiki Selbstdarstellung. In meiner Funktion als globaler Rücksetzer und Metawiki-Admin begegnen mir solche Fälle öfter. Vor allem sind die bereits gelöschten Versionen hier bemerkenswert: :* gotwiki gelöscht am 08:16, 25. Jun. 2026 von einem Steward :* tawiki gelöscht am 11:32, 8. Jan. 2024 von einem lokalen Admin :* ruwiki gelöscht am 22:08, 26. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut '''gelöscht am 22:32, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* slwiki gelöscht am 21:44, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* itwiki gelöscht am 00:06, 7. Aug. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hrwiki gelöscht am 13:14, 22. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki erneut gelöscht am 17:16, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki gelöscht am 16:40, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut ''' gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hewiki gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem damaligen Admin :* dewiki gelöscht am 06:48, 25. Feb. 2017 von einem lokalen Admin :Mit Blick auf [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|diese Diskussion]] bin ich sehr irritiert. Hier wird mir durch den Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk Vandalismus in diesem Projekt vorgeworfen. Allerdings kann ich dem [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialis:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Mahathir+Mohamad Missbrauchsfilter-Logbuch] entnehmen, dass der Benutzer in genau dem fragwürdigen Artikel abgemeldet editieren wollte. Der Filter entstand, nachdem dutzende Sprachversionen von [[:wikidata:Q181383]] durch einen Langzeitstörer vandaliert wurden. Dabei wurden die Versionsgeschichten durch teilweise sinnvolle Änderungen sowie selbstreverts massenhaft aufgebläht. :Ich werde den Benutzer selbst ansprechen, mit welcher Begründung er mich für einen Vandalen hält, das Thema sollte hier nicht diskutiert werden. Ich möchte nur klar stellen, dass ich stets im Dienste der kleinen oder auch mittleren Wikis, in denen ich patroulliere, handle. Wenn ich dabei Fehler mache, dann geschehen diese nicht in böser Absicht. Manchmal erfolgen beispielsweise Reverts von Bearbeitungen, die ich subjektiv nicht für sinnvoll erachte, es aber vielleicht doch sind. Bitte sprecht mich an, wenn sowas passieren sollte. Gibt es wiederholt Probleme, dann nehme ich Projekte aus meinen Filtereinstellungen, damit es keinen unötigen Ärger gibt. Zum Artikel bleibt nur zu sagen: Die Entscheidung obliegt dem Projekt, ich werde aber nun aktiver für die Löschung der x-wiki-Versionen vorgehen. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 11:38, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you for your work as part of the Small Wiki Monitoring Team. My German is rusty, so I hope you do not mind if I write in English. I think you did a good job reporting this case, and I hope you will continue your valuable work monitoring us. I have been thinking for some time that we might need a better way to handle possible cross-wiki spam than directly tagging pages for speedy deletion. Do you think it could work if all wikis had access to a standard template, let's say <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Cross-wiki spam report}}</syntaxhighlight>, for reporting suspected cross-wiki spam, and this template were used instead of directly adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>? In this way, individual wikis could decide how to handle similar cases according to their own policies. For some communities, the template could even be made a redirect to <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>, while others might prefer a discussion first. Cross-wiki patrollers would then simply act as independent messengers, bringing possible issues to the attention of local communities without needing to become involved in deletion discussions themselves (unless they want to). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:12, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Thank you very much @[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]], I really appreciate that. About the template: Perhaps that would be a good idea, but we should discuss that at metawiki (e.g. at [[:m:SRM]]). My reason was ''No useful content. Out of project scope.'' for the lack of notability, which every community has do decide for itself and ''AI-x-wiki spam'' as for the problematic source of these translations/generations. Please note the [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q28114063&action=history increasing page creations] since 2023. With the introduction of GPT-4 in 2023, the usage of LLMs for the generation of wikipedia articles increased, which may be the problem in this case. :::It is quite interesting to see, that my speedy was reverted by a tempaccount using a proxy. The IP of the tempaccount [[User:~2026-41443-24]] which ran into the filter before the account [[User:Kalligraphiemonk]] (compare [[User:Kalligrafiemonk]]) was created is blocked as a proxy in two russian projects since 2026-07-07. I will contact the Stewards about that special case. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 13:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::::I'd ask three questions: :::::1. Is it a work of art or craft? Yes. (And wrought with more dexterity than [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp) an upside-down urinal.]) :::::2. Is it notable? Yes. (People are likelier to look for it than for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caychax villages having a population of 14].) :::::3. Do major wikis cover it? Yes. (Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, Japanese. Spanish). ::::So I'd keep it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) 4bdaom99ry6akhvua1hjp38mydtddwy 3974751 3974750 2026-07-26T13:59:39Z IacobusAmor 1163 /* Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? */ 3974751 wikitext text/x-wiki == Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? == <!-- Noli haec verba removere si formula die 25 Iulii 2026 hora 19:52:01 petita nondum forma finali patescit. -->{{Disputatio petitoria Vicipaediae|Delenda|20260725195201}} Formulam {{[[Formula:Confestim delenda|Confestim delenda]]}} ad formulam {{[[Formula:Delenda|Delenda]]}} verti, quia [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|disputatio]] orta est. De deletione hic disputare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:52, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :{{Ping|Kalligraphiemonk}} haec, nisi fallor, scribere voluit: "falsum praeiudicium, latine emendatum est - 19 linguae rectae sunt". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:49, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Egomet ipse haec dixerim: Commentatio, post emendationes, Latinitate haud pessima componitur: fontes plures et utiles citantur: possumus retinere. Quid dicunt alii? ::Videte etiam disputationem apud de:wiki habitam: [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/2._April_2018#Babylonokia_(SLA)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:03, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Videte [[:en:Babylonokia]] - nullae obiectiones sibi sunt. [[Usor:Kalligraphiemonk|Kalligraphiemonk]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kalligraphiemonk|disputatio]]) 10:04, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Ich wurde eingeladen, mich an dieser Löschdiskussion zu beteiligen und bedanke mich herzlich dafür. Da es mir freigestellt wurde, mich auf Deutsch zu äußern, mache ich das. Die letzten lateinischen Sätze, die von mir kamen, sind etwa so älter, als mein Wikipedia-Account. Der Benutzer ist nach unangemessenen Experimenten auf [[:mw:User:Your name/sandbox]] durch x-wiki-Spam des Artikels über dieses "Kunstwerkes" ([[:wikidata:Q28114063]]) aufgefallen. Eine Ansprache unter anderem wegen KI-Nutzung sehr ihr dort: [[:de:Benutzer Diskussion:Kalligrafiemonk#Wie viele...]]. In der Versionsgeschichte des Datenobjektes sieht man deutlich, dass der Benutzer seit 2017 immer wieder x-wiki diese Artikel hinzufügt, nachdem er die Seiten erstellt hat. Sprachkenntnisse des jeweiligen Projektes sieht er häufig nicht als notwendig an, so wie er selbst einräumt. Wie @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] richtig verlinkt hat, gab es auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia die wohl früheste Fassung des Artikels. In deren Löschdiskussion wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk und dem Schöpfer von ''Babylonokia'', Karl Weingärtner hergestellt. Aus diesem Grunde halte ich den Artikel für eine x-wiki Selbstdarstellung. In meiner Funktion als globaler Rücksetzer und Metawiki-Admin begegnen mir solche Fälle öfter. Vor allem sind die bereits gelöschten Versionen hier bemerkenswert: :* gotwiki gelöscht am 08:16, 25. Jun. 2026 von einem Steward :* tawiki gelöscht am 11:32, 8. Jan. 2024 von einem lokalen Admin :* ruwiki gelöscht am 22:08, 26. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut '''gelöscht am 22:32, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* slwiki gelöscht am 21:44, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* itwiki gelöscht am 00:06, 7. Aug. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hrwiki gelöscht am 13:14, 22. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki erneut gelöscht am 17:16, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki gelöscht am 16:40, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut ''' gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hewiki gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem damaligen Admin :* dewiki gelöscht am 06:48, 25. Feb. 2017 von einem lokalen Admin :Mit Blick auf [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|diese Diskussion]] bin ich sehr irritiert. Hier wird mir durch den Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk Vandalismus in diesem Projekt vorgeworfen. Allerdings kann ich dem [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialis:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Mahathir+Mohamad Missbrauchsfilter-Logbuch] entnehmen, dass der Benutzer in genau dem fragwürdigen Artikel abgemeldet editieren wollte. Der Filter entstand, nachdem dutzende Sprachversionen von [[:wikidata:Q181383]] durch einen Langzeitstörer vandaliert wurden. Dabei wurden die Versionsgeschichten durch teilweise sinnvolle Änderungen sowie selbstreverts massenhaft aufgebläht. :Ich werde den Benutzer selbst ansprechen, mit welcher Begründung er mich für einen Vandalen hält, das Thema sollte hier nicht diskutiert werden. Ich möchte nur klar stellen, dass ich stets im Dienste der kleinen oder auch mittleren Wikis, in denen ich patroulliere, handle. Wenn ich dabei Fehler mache, dann geschehen diese nicht in böser Absicht. Manchmal erfolgen beispielsweise Reverts von Bearbeitungen, die ich subjektiv nicht für sinnvoll erachte, es aber vielleicht doch sind. Bitte sprecht mich an, wenn sowas passieren sollte. Gibt es wiederholt Probleme, dann nehme ich Projekte aus meinen Filtereinstellungen, damit es keinen unötigen Ärger gibt. Zum Artikel bleibt nur zu sagen: Die Entscheidung obliegt dem Projekt, ich werde aber nun aktiver für die Löschung der x-wiki-Versionen vorgehen. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 11:38, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you for your work as part of the Small Wiki Monitoring Team. My German is rusty, so I hope you do not mind if I write in English. I think you did a good job reporting this case, and I hope you will continue your valuable work monitoring us. I have been thinking for some time that we might need a better way to handle possible cross-wiki spam than directly tagging pages for speedy deletion. Do you think it could work if all wikis had access to a standard template, let's say <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Cross-wiki spam report}}</syntaxhighlight>, for reporting suspected cross-wiki spam, and this template were used instead of directly adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>? In this way, individual wikis could decide how to handle similar cases according to their own policies. For some communities, the template could even be made a redirect to <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>, while others might prefer a discussion first. Cross-wiki patrollers would then simply act as independent messengers, bringing possible issues to the attention of local communities without needing to become involved in deletion discussions themselves (unless they want to). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:12, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Thank you very much @[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]], I really appreciate that. About the template: Perhaps that would be a good idea, but we should discuss that at metawiki (e.g. at [[:m:SRM]]). My reason was ''No useful content. Out of project scope.'' for the lack of notability, which every community has do decide for itself and ''AI-x-wiki spam'' as for the problematic source of these translations/generations. Please note the [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q28114063&action=history increasing page creations] since 2023. With the introduction of GPT-4 in 2023, the usage of LLMs for the generation of wikipedia articles increased, which may be the problem in this case. :::It is quite interesting to see, that my speedy was reverted by a tempaccount using a proxy. The IP of the tempaccount [[User:~2026-41443-24]] which ran into the filter before the account [[User:Kalligraphiemonk]] (compare [[User:Kalligrafiemonk]]) was created is blocked as a proxy in two russian projects since 2026-07-07. I will contact the Stewards about that special case. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 13:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::::I'd ask three questions: :::::1. Is it a work of art or craft? Yes. (Wrought with more dexterity than [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp) an upside-down urinal.]) :::::2. Is it notable? Yes. (People are likelier to look for it than for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caychax villages having a population of 14].) :::::3. Do major wikis cover it? Yes. (Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, Japanese. Spanish). ::::So I'd keep it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) npeuybkn3dg7wufkadifaoi46l2jo3g 3974752 3974751 2026-07-26T14:00:18Z IacobusAmor 1163 + 3974752 wikitext text/x-wiki == Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? == <!-- Noli haec verba removere si formula die 25 Iulii 2026 hora 19:52:01 petita nondum forma finali patescit. -->{{Disputatio petitoria Vicipaediae|Delenda|20260725195201}} Formulam {{[[Formula:Confestim delenda|Confestim delenda]]}} ad formulam {{[[Formula:Delenda|Delenda]]}} verti, quia [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|disputatio]] orta est. De deletione hic disputare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:52, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :{{Ping|Kalligraphiemonk}} haec, nisi fallor, scribere voluit: "falsum praeiudicium, latine emendatum est - 19 linguae rectae sunt". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:49, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Egomet ipse haec dixerim: Commentatio, post emendationes, Latinitate haud pessima componitur: fontes plures et utiles citantur: possumus retinere. Quid dicunt alii? ::Videte etiam disputationem apud de:wiki habitam: [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/2._April_2018#Babylonokia_(SLA)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:03, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Videte [[:en:Babylonokia]] - nullae obiectiones sibi sunt. [[Usor:Kalligraphiemonk|Kalligraphiemonk]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kalligraphiemonk|disputatio]]) 10:04, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Ich wurde eingeladen, mich an dieser Löschdiskussion zu beteiligen und bedanke mich herzlich dafür. Da es mir freigestellt wurde, mich auf Deutsch zu äußern, mache ich das. Die letzten lateinischen Sätze, die von mir kamen, sind etwa so älter, als mein Wikipedia-Account. Der Benutzer ist nach unangemessenen Experimenten auf [[:mw:User:Your name/sandbox]] durch x-wiki-Spam des Artikels über dieses "Kunstwerkes" ([[:wikidata:Q28114063]]) aufgefallen. Eine Ansprache unter anderem wegen KI-Nutzung sehr ihr dort: [[:de:Benutzer Diskussion:Kalligrafiemonk#Wie viele...]]. In der Versionsgeschichte des Datenobjektes sieht man deutlich, dass der Benutzer seit 2017 immer wieder x-wiki diese Artikel hinzufügt, nachdem er die Seiten erstellt hat. Sprachkenntnisse des jeweiligen Projektes sieht er häufig nicht als notwendig an, so wie er selbst einräumt. Wie @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] richtig verlinkt hat, gab es auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia die wohl früheste Fassung des Artikels. In deren Löschdiskussion wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk und dem Schöpfer von ''Babylonokia'', Karl Weingärtner hergestellt. Aus diesem Grunde halte ich den Artikel für eine x-wiki Selbstdarstellung. In meiner Funktion als globaler Rücksetzer und Metawiki-Admin begegnen mir solche Fälle öfter. Vor allem sind die bereits gelöschten Versionen hier bemerkenswert: :* gotwiki gelöscht am 08:16, 25. Jun. 2026 von einem Steward :* tawiki gelöscht am 11:32, 8. Jan. 2024 von einem lokalen Admin :* ruwiki gelöscht am 22:08, 26. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut '''gelöscht am 22:32, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* slwiki gelöscht am 21:44, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* itwiki gelöscht am 00:06, 7. Aug. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hrwiki gelöscht am 13:14, 22. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki erneut gelöscht am 17:16, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki gelöscht am 16:40, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut ''' gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hewiki gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem damaligen Admin :* dewiki gelöscht am 06:48, 25. Feb. 2017 von einem lokalen Admin :Mit Blick auf [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|diese Diskussion]] bin ich sehr irritiert. Hier wird mir durch den Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk Vandalismus in diesem Projekt vorgeworfen. Allerdings kann ich dem [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialis:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Mahathir+Mohamad Missbrauchsfilter-Logbuch] entnehmen, dass der Benutzer in genau dem fragwürdigen Artikel abgemeldet editieren wollte. Der Filter entstand, nachdem dutzende Sprachversionen von [[:wikidata:Q181383]] durch einen Langzeitstörer vandaliert wurden. Dabei wurden die Versionsgeschichten durch teilweise sinnvolle Änderungen sowie selbstreverts massenhaft aufgebläht. :Ich werde den Benutzer selbst ansprechen, mit welcher Begründung er mich für einen Vandalen hält, das Thema sollte hier nicht diskutiert werden. Ich möchte nur klar stellen, dass ich stets im Dienste der kleinen oder auch mittleren Wikis, in denen ich patroulliere, handle. Wenn ich dabei Fehler mache, dann geschehen diese nicht in böser Absicht. Manchmal erfolgen beispielsweise Reverts von Bearbeitungen, die ich subjektiv nicht für sinnvoll erachte, es aber vielleicht doch sind. Bitte sprecht mich an, wenn sowas passieren sollte. Gibt es wiederholt Probleme, dann nehme ich Projekte aus meinen Filtereinstellungen, damit es keinen unötigen Ärger gibt. Zum Artikel bleibt nur zu sagen: Die Entscheidung obliegt dem Projekt, ich werde aber nun aktiver für die Löschung der x-wiki-Versionen vorgehen. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 11:38, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you for your work as part of the Small Wiki Monitoring Team. My German is rusty, so I hope you do not mind if I write in English. I think you did a good job reporting this case, and I hope you will continue your valuable work monitoring us. I have been thinking for some time that we might need a better way to handle possible cross-wiki spam than directly tagging pages for speedy deletion. Do you think it could work if all wikis had access to a standard template, let's say <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Cross-wiki spam report}}</syntaxhighlight>, for reporting suspected cross-wiki spam, and this template were used instead of directly adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>? In this way, individual wikis could decide how to handle similar cases according to their own policies. For some communities, the template could even be made a redirect to <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>, while others might prefer a discussion first. Cross-wiki patrollers would then simply act as independent messengers, bringing possible issues to the attention of local communities without needing to become involved in deletion discussions themselves (unless they want to). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:12, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Thank you very much @[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]], I really appreciate that. About the template: Perhaps that would be a good idea, but we should discuss that at metawiki (e.g. at [[:m:SRM]]). My reason was ''No useful content. Out of project scope.'' for the lack of notability, which every community has do decide for itself and ''AI-x-wiki spam'' as for the problematic source of these translations/generations. Please note the [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q28114063&action=history increasing page creations] since 2023. With the introduction of GPT-4 in 2023, the usage of LLMs for the generation of wikipedia articles increased, which may be the problem in this case. :::It is quite interesting to see, that my speedy was reverted by a tempaccount using a proxy. The IP of the tempaccount [[User:~2026-41443-24]] which ran into the filter before the account [[User:Kalligraphiemonk]] (compare [[User:Kalligrafiemonk]]) was created is blocked as a proxy in two russian projects since 2026-07-07. I will contact the Stewards about that special case. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 13:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ==Three questions== ::::I'd ask three questions: :::::1. Is it a work of art or craft? Yes. (Wrought with more dexterity than [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp) an upside-down urinal.]) :::::2. Is it notable? Yes. (People are likelier to look for it than for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caychax villages having a population of 14].) :::::3. Do major wikis cover it? Yes. (Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, Japanese. Spanish). ::::So I'd keep it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) qkk37b92h66ylo2j0cwvatp289d01iz 3974754 3974752 2026-07-26T14:01:32Z IacobusAmor 1163 /* Three questions */ 3974754 wikitext text/x-wiki == Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? == <!-- Noli haec verba removere si formula die 25 Iulii 2026 hora 19:52:01 petita nondum forma finali patescit. -->{{Disputatio petitoria Vicipaediae|Delenda|20260725195201}} Formulam {{[[Formula:Confestim delenda|Confestim delenda]]}} ad formulam {{[[Formula:Delenda|Delenda]]}} verti, quia [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|disputatio]] orta est. De deletione hic disputare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:52, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :{{Ping|Kalligraphiemonk}} haec, nisi fallor, scribere voluit: "falsum praeiudicium, latine emendatum est - 19 linguae rectae sunt". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:49, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Egomet ipse haec dixerim: Commentatio, post emendationes, Latinitate haud pessima componitur: fontes plures et utiles citantur: possumus retinere. Quid dicunt alii? ::Videte etiam disputationem apud de:wiki habitam: [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/2._April_2018#Babylonokia_(SLA)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:03, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Videte [[:en:Babylonokia]] - nullae obiectiones sibi sunt. [[Usor:Kalligraphiemonk|Kalligraphiemonk]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kalligraphiemonk|disputatio]]) 10:04, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Ich wurde eingeladen, mich an dieser Löschdiskussion zu beteiligen und bedanke mich herzlich dafür. Da es mir freigestellt wurde, mich auf Deutsch zu äußern, mache ich das. Die letzten lateinischen Sätze, die von mir kamen, sind etwa so älter, als mein Wikipedia-Account. Der Benutzer ist nach unangemessenen Experimenten auf [[:mw:User:Your name/sandbox]] durch x-wiki-Spam des Artikels über dieses "Kunstwerkes" ([[:wikidata:Q28114063]]) aufgefallen. Eine Ansprache unter anderem wegen KI-Nutzung sehr ihr dort: [[:de:Benutzer Diskussion:Kalligrafiemonk#Wie viele...]]. In der Versionsgeschichte des Datenobjektes sieht man deutlich, dass der Benutzer seit 2017 immer wieder x-wiki diese Artikel hinzufügt, nachdem er die Seiten erstellt hat. Sprachkenntnisse des jeweiligen Projektes sieht er häufig nicht als notwendig an, so wie er selbst einräumt. Wie @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] richtig verlinkt hat, gab es auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia die wohl früheste Fassung des Artikels. In deren Löschdiskussion wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk und dem Schöpfer von ''Babylonokia'', Karl Weingärtner hergestellt. Aus diesem Grunde halte ich den Artikel für eine x-wiki Selbstdarstellung. In meiner Funktion als globaler Rücksetzer und Metawiki-Admin begegnen mir solche Fälle öfter. Vor allem sind die bereits gelöschten Versionen hier bemerkenswert: :* gotwiki gelöscht am 08:16, 25. Jun. 2026 von einem Steward :* tawiki gelöscht am 11:32, 8. Jan. 2024 von einem lokalen Admin :* ruwiki gelöscht am 22:08, 26. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut '''gelöscht am 22:32, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* slwiki gelöscht am 21:44, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* itwiki gelöscht am 00:06, 7. Aug. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hrwiki gelöscht am 13:14, 22. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki erneut gelöscht am 17:16, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki gelöscht am 16:40, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut ''' gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hewiki gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem damaligen Admin :* dewiki gelöscht am 06:48, 25. Feb. 2017 von einem lokalen Admin :Mit Blick auf [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|diese Diskussion]] bin ich sehr irritiert. Hier wird mir durch den Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk Vandalismus in diesem Projekt vorgeworfen. Allerdings kann ich dem [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialis:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Mahathir+Mohamad Missbrauchsfilter-Logbuch] entnehmen, dass der Benutzer in genau dem fragwürdigen Artikel abgemeldet editieren wollte. Der Filter entstand, nachdem dutzende Sprachversionen von [[:wikidata:Q181383]] durch einen Langzeitstörer vandaliert wurden. Dabei wurden die Versionsgeschichten durch teilweise sinnvolle Änderungen sowie selbstreverts massenhaft aufgebläht. :Ich werde den Benutzer selbst ansprechen, mit welcher Begründung er mich für einen Vandalen hält, das Thema sollte hier nicht diskutiert werden. Ich möchte nur klar stellen, dass ich stets im Dienste der kleinen oder auch mittleren Wikis, in denen ich patroulliere, handle. Wenn ich dabei Fehler mache, dann geschehen diese nicht in böser Absicht. Manchmal erfolgen beispielsweise Reverts von Bearbeitungen, die ich subjektiv nicht für sinnvoll erachte, es aber vielleicht doch sind. Bitte sprecht mich an, wenn sowas passieren sollte. Gibt es wiederholt Probleme, dann nehme ich Projekte aus meinen Filtereinstellungen, damit es keinen unötigen Ärger gibt. Zum Artikel bleibt nur zu sagen: Die Entscheidung obliegt dem Projekt, ich werde aber nun aktiver für die Löschung der x-wiki-Versionen vorgehen. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 11:38, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you for your work as part of the Small Wiki Monitoring Team. My German is rusty, so I hope you do not mind if I write in English. I think you did a good job reporting this case, and I hope you will continue your valuable work monitoring us. I have been thinking for some time that we might need a better way to handle possible cross-wiki spam than directly tagging pages for speedy deletion. Do you think it could work if all wikis had access to a standard template, let's say <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Cross-wiki spam report}}</syntaxhighlight>, for reporting suspected cross-wiki spam, and this template were used instead of directly adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>? In this way, individual wikis could decide how to handle similar cases according to their own policies. For some communities, the template could even be made a redirect to <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>, while others might prefer a discussion first. Cross-wiki patrollers would then simply act as independent messengers, bringing possible issues to the attention of local communities without needing to become involved in deletion discussions themselves (unless they want to). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:12, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Thank you very much @[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]], I really appreciate that. About the template: Perhaps that would be a good idea, but we should discuss that at metawiki (e.g. at [[:m:SRM]]). My reason was ''No useful content. Out of project scope.'' for the lack of notability, which every community has do decide for itself and ''AI-x-wiki spam'' as for the problematic source of these translations/generations. Please note the [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q28114063&action=history increasing page creations] since 2023. With the introduction of GPT-4 in 2023, the usage of LLMs for the generation of wikipedia articles increased, which may be the problem in this case. :::It is quite interesting to see, that my speedy was reverted by a tempaccount using a proxy. The IP of the tempaccount [[User:~2026-41443-24]] which ran into the filter before the account [[User:Kalligraphiemonk]] (compare [[User:Kalligrafiemonk]]) was created is blocked as a proxy in two russian projects since 2026-07-07. I will contact the Stewards about that special case. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 13:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ==Three questions== I'd ask three questions: :1. Is it a work of art or craft? Yes. (Wrought with more dexterity than [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp) an upside-down urinal.]) :2. Is it notable? Yes. (People are likelier to look for it than for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caychax villages having a population of 14].) :3. Do major wikis cover it? Yes. (Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, Japanese. Spanish). So I'd keep it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) 9z0gtddevug4u0cqf8fhalwd6n5wojl 3974760 3974754 2026-07-26T14:08:40Z Grufo 64423 /* Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? */ Re 3974760 wikitext text/x-wiki == Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? == <!-- Noli haec verba removere si formula die 25 Iulii 2026 hora 19:52:01 petita nondum forma finali patescit. -->{{Disputatio petitoria Vicipaediae|Delenda|20260725195201}} Formulam {{[[Formula:Confestim delenda|Confestim delenda]]}} ad formulam {{[[Formula:Delenda|Delenda]]}} verti, quia [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|disputatio]] orta est. De deletione hic disputare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:52, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :{{Ping|Kalligraphiemonk}} haec, nisi fallor, scribere voluit: "falsum praeiudicium, latine emendatum est - 19 linguae rectae sunt". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:49, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Egomet ipse haec dixerim: Commentatio, post emendationes, Latinitate haud pessima componitur: fontes plures et utiles citantur: possumus retinere. Quid dicunt alii? ::Videte etiam disputationem apud de:wiki habitam: [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/2._April_2018#Babylonokia_(SLA)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:03, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Videte [[:en:Babylonokia]] - nullae obiectiones sibi sunt. [[Usor:Kalligraphiemonk|Kalligraphiemonk]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kalligraphiemonk|disputatio]]) 10:04, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Ich wurde eingeladen, mich an dieser Löschdiskussion zu beteiligen und bedanke mich herzlich dafür. Da es mir freigestellt wurde, mich auf Deutsch zu äußern, mache ich das. Die letzten lateinischen Sätze, die von mir kamen, sind etwa so älter, als mein Wikipedia-Account. Der Benutzer ist nach unangemessenen Experimenten auf [[:mw:User:Your name/sandbox]] durch x-wiki-Spam des Artikels über dieses "Kunstwerkes" ([[:wikidata:Q28114063]]) aufgefallen. Eine Ansprache unter anderem wegen KI-Nutzung sehr ihr dort: [[:de:Benutzer Diskussion:Kalligrafiemonk#Wie viele...]]. In der Versionsgeschichte des Datenobjektes sieht man deutlich, dass der Benutzer seit 2017 immer wieder x-wiki diese Artikel hinzufügt, nachdem er die Seiten erstellt hat. Sprachkenntnisse des jeweiligen Projektes sieht er häufig nicht als notwendig an, so wie er selbst einräumt. Wie @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] richtig verlinkt hat, gab es auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia die wohl früheste Fassung des Artikels. In deren Löschdiskussion wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk und dem Schöpfer von ''Babylonokia'', Karl Weingärtner hergestellt. Aus diesem Grunde halte ich den Artikel für eine x-wiki Selbstdarstellung. In meiner Funktion als globaler Rücksetzer und Metawiki-Admin begegnen mir solche Fälle öfter. Vor allem sind die bereits gelöschten Versionen hier bemerkenswert: :* gotwiki gelöscht am 08:16, 25. Jun. 2026 von einem Steward :* tawiki gelöscht am 11:32, 8. Jan. 2024 von einem lokalen Admin :* ruwiki gelöscht am 22:08, 26. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut '''gelöscht am 22:32, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* slwiki gelöscht am 21:44, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* itwiki gelöscht am 00:06, 7. Aug. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hrwiki gelöscht am 13:14, 22. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki erneut gelöscht am 17:16, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki gelöscht am 16:40, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut ''' gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hewiki gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem damaligen Admin :* dewiki gelöscht am 06:48, 25. Feb. 2017 von einem lokalen Admin :Mit Blick auf [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|diese Diskussion]] bin ich sehr irritiert. Hier wird mir durch den Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk Vandalismus in diesem Projekt vorgeworfen. Allerdings kann ich dem [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialis:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Mahathir+Mohamad Missbrauchsfilter-Logbuch] entnehmen, dass der Benutzer in genau dem fragwürdigen Artikel abgemeldet editieren wollte. Der Filter entstand, nachdem dutzende Sprachversionen von [[:wikidata:Q181383]] durch einen Langzeitstörer vandaliert wurden. Dabei wurden die Versionsgeschichten durch teilweise sinnvolle Änderungen sowie selbstreverts massenhaft aufgebläht. :Ich werde den Benutzer selbst ansprechen, mit welcher Begründung er mich für einen Vandalen hält, das Thema sollte hier nicht diskutiert werden. Ich möchte nur klar stellen, dass ich stets im Dienste der kleinen oder auch mittleren Wikis, in denen ich patroulliere, handle. Wenn ich dabei Fehler mache, dann geschehen diese nicht in böser Absicht. Manchmal erfolgen beispielsweise Reverts von Bearbeitungen, die ich subjektiv nicht für sinnvoll erachte, es aber vielleicht doch sind. Bitte sprecht mich an, wenn sowas passieren sollte. Gibt es wiederholt Probleme, dann nehme ich Projekte aus meinen Filtereinstellungen, damit es keinen unötigen Ärger gibt. Zum Artikel bleibt nur zu sagen: Die Entscheidung obliegt dem Projekt, ich werde aber nun aktiver für die Löschung der x-wiki-Versionen vorgehen. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 11:38, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you for your work as part of the Small Wiki Monitoring Team. My German is rusty, so I hope you do not mind if I write in English. I think you did a good job reporting this case, and I hope you will continue your valuable work monitoring us. I have been thinking for some time that we might need a better way to handle possible cross-wiki spam than directly tagging pages for speedy deletion. Do you think it could work if all wikis had access to a standard template, let's say <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Cross-wiki spam report}}</syntaxhighlight>, for reporting suspected cross-wiki spam, and this template were used instead of directly adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>? In this way, individual wikis could decide how to handle similar cases according to their own policies. For some communities, the template could even be made a redirect to <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>, while others might prefer a discussion first. Cross-wiki patrollers would then simply act as independent messengers, bringing possible issues to the attention of local communities without needing to become involved in deletion discussions themselves (unless they want to). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:12, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Thank you very much @[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]], I really appreciate that. About the template: Perhaps that would be a good idea, but we should discuss that at metawiki (e.g. at [[:m:SRM]]). My reason was ''No useful content. Out of project scope.'' for the lack of notability, which every community has do decide for itself and ''AI-x-wiki spam'' as for the problematic source of these translations/generations. Please note the [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q28114063&action=history increasing page creations] since 2023. With the introduction of GPT-4 in 2023, the usage of LLMs for the generation of wikipedia articles increased, which may be the problem in this case. :::It is quite interesting to see, that my speedy was reverted by a tempaccount using a proxy. The IP of the tempaccount [[User:~2026-41443-24]] which ran into the filter before the account [[User:Kalligraphiemonk]] (compare [[User:Kalligrafiemonk]]) was created is blocked as a proxy in two russian projects since 2026-07-07. I will contact the Stewards about that special case. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 13:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you, I will post at [[:m:SRM]] about the template proposal. In this specific case, that of “Babylonokia”, it could be argued that the artwork itself (not just the page) has a promotional or attention-seeking character, and there is evidence that a single user created many pages in different languages with the help of LLMs in order to spread the topic across projects. Individual wikis, however, may still decide that the subject has sufficient discussion or relevance to merit an article, and that the generated text should be improved rather than removed. This, however, does not diminish the usefulness of cross-wiki spam reports. I do not have a strong opinion on the fate of this particular article, but I am sorry that the situation became contentious. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:08, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ==Three questions== I'd ask three questions: :1. Is it a work of art or craft? Yes. (Wrought with more dexterity than [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp) an upside-down urinal.]) :2. Is it notable? Yes. (People are likelier to look for it than for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caychax villages having a population of 14].) :3. Do major wikis cover it? Yes. (Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, Japanese. Spanish). So I'd keep it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ord8wme4sxr3f5q22v1z8mid5xczxva 3974761 3974760 2026-07-26T14:11:43Z NDG 196620 /* Three questions */ Reply 3974761 wikitext text/x-wiki == Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? == <!-- Noli haec verba removere si formula die 25 Iulii 2026 hora 19:52:01 petita nondum forma finali patescit. -->{{Disputatio petitoria Vicipaediae|Delenda|20260725195201}} Formulam {{[[Formula:Confestim delenda|Confestim delenda]]}} ad formulam {{[[Formula:Delenda|Delenda]]}} verti, quia [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|disputatio]] orta est. De deletione hic disputare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:52, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :{{Ping|Kalligraphiemonk}} haec, nisi fallor, scribere voluit: "falsum praeiudicium, latine emendatum est - 19 linguae rectae sunt". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:49, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Egomet ipse haec dixerim: Commentatio, post emendationes, Latinitate haud pessima componitur: fontes plures et utiles citantur: possumus retinere. Quid dicunt alii? ::Videte etiam disputationem apud de:wiki habitam: [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/2._April_2018#Babylonokia_(SLA)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:03, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Videte [[:en:Babylonokia]] - nullae obiectiones sibi sunt. [[Usor:Kalligraphiemonk|Kalligraphiemonk]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kalligraphiemonk|disputatio]]) 10:04, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Ich wurde eingeladen, mich an dieser Löschdiskussion zu beteiligen und bedanke mich herzlich dafür. Da es mir freigestellt wurde, mich auf Deutsch zu äußern, mache ich das. Die letzten lateinischen Sätze, die von mir kamen, sind etwa so älter, als mein Wikipedia-Account. Der Benutzer ist nach unangemessenen Experimenten auf [[:mw:User:Your name/sandbox]] durch x-wiki-Spam des Artikels über dieses "Kunstwerkes" ([[:wikidata:Q28114063]]) aufgefallen. Eine Ansprache unter anderem wegen KI-Nutzung sehr ihr dort: [[:de:Benutzer Diskussion:Kalligrafiemonk#Wie viele...]]. In der Versionsgeschichte des Datenobjektes sieht man deutlich, dass der Benutzer seit 2017 immer wieder x-wiki diese Artikel hinzufügt, nachdem er die Seiten erstellt hat. Sprachkenntnisse des jeweiligen Projektes sieht er häufig nicht als notwendig an, so wie er selbst einräumt. Wie @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] richtig verlinkt hat, gab es auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia die wohl früheste Fassung des Artikels. In deren Löschdiskussion wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk und dem Schöpfer von ''Babylonokia'', Karl Weingärtner hergestellt. Aus diesem Grunde halte ich den Artikel für eine x-wiki Selbstdarstellung. In meiner Funktion als globaler Rücksetzer und Metawiki-Admin begegnen mir solche Fälle öfter. Vor allem sind die bereits gelöschten Versionen hier bemerkenswert: :* gotwiki gelöscht am 08:16, 25. Jun. 2026 von einem Steward :* tawiki gelöscht am 11:32, 8. Jan. 2024 von einem lokalen Admin :* ruwiki gelöscht am 22:08, 26. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut '''gelöscht am 22:32, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* slwiki gelöscht am 21:44, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* itwiki gelöscht am 00:06, 7. Aug. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hrwiki gelöscht am 13:14, 22. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki erneut gelöscht am 17:16, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki gelöscht am 16:40, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut ''' gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hewiki gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem damaligen Admin :* dewiki gelöscht am 06:48, 25. Feb. 2017 von einem lokalen Admin :Mit Blick auf [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|diese Diskussion]] bin ich sehr irritiert. Hier wird mir durch den Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk Vandalismus in diesem Projekt vorgeworfen. Allerdings kann ich dem [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialis:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Mahathir+Mohamad Missbrauchsfilter-Logbuch] entnehmen, dass der Benutzer in genau dem fragwürdigen Artikel abgemeldet editieren wollte. Der Filter entstand, nachdem dutzende Sprachversionen von [[:wikidata:Q181383]] durch einen Langzeitstörer vandaliert wurden. Dabei wurden die Versionsgeschichten durch teilweise sinnvolle Änderungen sowie selbstreverts massenhaft aufgebläht. :Ich werde den Benutzer selbst ansprechen, mit welcher Begründung er mich für einen Vandalen hält, das Thema sollte hier nicht diskutiert werden. Ich möchte nur klar stellen, dass ich stets im Dienste der kleinen oder auch mittleren Wikis, in denen ich patroulliere, handle. Wenn ich dabei Fehler mache, dann geschehen diese nicht in böser Absicht. Manchmal erfolgen beispielsweise Reverts von Bearbeitungen, die ich subjektiv nicht für sinnvoll erachte, es aber vielleicht doch sind. Bitte sprecht mich an, wenn sowas passieren sollte. Gibt es wiederholt Probleme, dann nehme ich Projekte aus meinen Filtereinstellungen, damit es keinen unötigen Ärger gibt. Zum Artikel bleibt nur zu sagen: Die Entscheidung obliegt dem Projekt, ich werde aber nun aktiver für die Löschung der x-wiki-Versionen vorgehen. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 11:38, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you for your work as part of the Small Wiki Monitoring Team. My German is rusty, so I hope you do not mind if I write in English. I think you did a good job reporting this case, and I hope you will continue your valuable work monitoring us. I have been thinking for some time that we might need a better way to handle possible cross-wiki spam than directly tagging pages for speedy deletion. Do you think it could work if all wikis had access to a standard template, let's say <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Cross-wiki spam report}}</syntaxhighlight>, for reporting suspected cross-wiki spam, and this template were used instead of directly adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>? In this way, individual wikis could decide how to handle similar cases according to their own policies. For some communities, the template could even be made a redirect to <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>, while others might prefer a discussion first. Cross-wiki patrollers would then simply act as independent messengers, bringing possible issues to the attention of local communities without needing to become involved in deletion discussions themselves (unless they want to). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:12, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Thank you very much @[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]], I really appreciate that. About the template: Perhaps that would be a good idea, but we should discuss that at metawiki (e.g. at [[:m:SRM]]). My reason was ''No useful content. Out of project scope.'' for the lack of notability, which every community has do decide for itself and ''AI-x-wiki spam'' as for the problematic source of these translations/generations. Please note the [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q28114063&action=history increasing page creations] since 2023. With the introduction of GPT-4 in 2023, the usage of LLMs for the generation of wikipedia articles increased, which may be the problem in this case. :::It is quite interesting to see, that my speedy was reverted by a tempaccount using a proxy. The IP of the tempaccount [[User:~2026-41443-24]] which ran into the filter before the account [[User:Kalligraphiemonk]] (compare [[User:Kalligrafiemonk]]) was created is blocked as a proxy in two russian projects since 2026-07-07. I will contact the Stewards about that special case. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 13:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you, I will post at [[:m:SRM]] about the template proposal. In this specific case, that of “Babylonokia”, it could be argued that the artwork itself (not just the page) has a promotional or attention-seeking character, and there is evidence that a single user created many pages in different languages with the help of LLMs in order to spread the topic across projects. Individual wikis, however, may still decide that the subject has sufficient discussion or relevance to merit an article, and that the generated text should be improved rather than removed. This, however, does not diminish the usefulness of cross-wiki spam reports. I do not have a strong opinion on the fate of this particular article, but I am sorry that the situation became contentious. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:08, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ==Three questions== I'd ask three questions: :1. Is it a work of art or craft? Yes. (Wrought with more dexterity than [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp) an upside-down urinal.]) :2. Is it notable? Yes. (People are likelier to look for it than for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caychax villages having a population of 14].) :3. Do major wikis cover it? Yes. (Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, Japanese. Spanish). So I'd keep it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Please note the original discussion at dewiki [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/18. Februar 2017#Babylonokia (gelöscht)]] [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 14:11, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) lr5fgbfqc9ukfnpab7vp5lenkqqqdze 3974765 3974761 2026-07-26T14:20:09Z NDG 196620 /* Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? */ Reply 3974765 wikitext text/x-wiki == Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? == <!-- Noli haec verba removere si formula die 25 Iulii 2026 hora 19:52:01 petita nondum forma finali patescit. -->{{Disputatio petitoria Vicipaediae|Delenda|20260725195201}} Formulam {{[[Formula:Confestim delenda|Confestim delenda]]}} ad formulam {{[[Formula:Delenda|Delenda]]}} verti, quia [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|disputatio]] orta est. De deletione hic disputare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:52, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :{{Ping|Kalligraphiemonk}} haec, nisi fallor, scribere voluit: "falsum praeiudicium, latine emendatum est - 19 linguae rectae sunt". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:49, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Egomet ipse haec dixerim: Commentatio, post emendationes, Latinitate haud pessima componitur: fontes plures et utiles citantur: possumus retinere. Quid dicunt alii? ::Videte etiam disputationem apud de:wiki habitam: [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/2._April_2018#Babylonokia_(SLA)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:03, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Videte [[:en:Babylonokia]] - nullae obiectiones sibi sunt. [[Usor:Kalligraphiemonk|Kalligraphiemonk]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kalligraphiemonk|disputatio]]) 10:04, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Ich wurde eingeladen, mich an dieser Löschdiskussion zu beteiligen und bedanke mich herzlich dafür. Da es mir freigestellt wurde, mich auf Deutsch zu äußern, mache ich das. Die letzten lateinischen Sätze, die von mir kamen, sind etwa so älter, als mein Wikipedia-Account. Der Benutzer ist nach unangemessenen Experimenten auf [[:mw:User:Your name/sandbox]] durch x-wiki-Spam des Artikels über dieses "Kunstwerkes" ([[:wikidata:Q28114063]]) aufgefallen. Eine Ansprache unter anderem wegen KI-Nutzung sehr ihr dort: [[:de:Benutzer Diskussion:Kalligrafiemonk#Wie viele...]]. In der Versionsgeschichte des Datenobjektes sieht man deutlich, dass der Benutzer seit 2017 immer wieder x-wiki diese Artikel hinzufügt, nachdem er die Seiten erstellt hat. Sprachkenntnisse des jeweiligen Projektes sieht er häufig nicht als notwendig an, so wie er selbst einräumt. Wie @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] richtig verlinkt hat, gab es auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia die wohl früheste Fassung des Artikels. In deren Löschdiskussion wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk und dem Schöpfer von ''Babylonokia'', Karl Weingärtner hergestellt. Aus diesem Grunde halte ich den Artikel für eine x-wiki Selbstdarstellung. In meiner Funktion als globaler Rücksetzer und Metawiki-Admin begegnen mir solche Fälle öfter. Vor allem sind die bereits gelöschten Versionen hier bemerkenswert: :* gotwiki gelöscht am 08:16, 25. Jun. 2026 von einem Steward :* tawiki gelöscht am 11:32, 8. Jan. 2024 von einem lokalen Admin :* ruwiki gelöscht am 22:08, 26. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut '''gelöscht am 22:32, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* slwiki gelöscht am 21:44, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* itwiki gelöscht am 00:06, 7. Aug. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hrwiki gelöscht am 13:14, 22. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki erneut gelöscht am 17:16, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki gelöscht am 16:40, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut ''' gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hewiki gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem damaligen Admin :* dewiki gelöscht am 06:48, 25. Feb. 2017 von einem lokalen Admin :Mit Blick auf [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|diese Diskussion]] bin ich sehr irritiert. Hier wird mir durch den Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk Vandalismus in diesem Projekt vorgeworfen. Allerdings kann ich dem [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialis:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Mahathir+Mohamad Missbrauchsfilter-Logbuch] entnehmen, dass der Benutzer in genau dem fragwürdigen Artikel abgemeldet editieren wollte. Der Filter entstand, nachdem dutzende Sprachversionen von [[:wikidata:Q181383]] durch einen Langzeitstörer vandaliert wurden. Dabei wurden die Versionsgeschichten durch teilweise sinnvolle Änderungen sowie selbstreverts massenhaft aufgebläht. :Ich werde den Benutzer selbst ansprechen, mit welcher Begründung er mich für einen Vandalen hält, das Thema sollte hier nicht diskutiert werden. Ich möchte nur klar stellen, dass ich stets im Dienste der kleinen oder auch mittleren Wikis, in denen ich patroulliere, handle. Wenn ich dabei Fehler mache, dann geschehen diese nicht in böser Absicht. Manchmal erfolgen beispielsweise Reverts von Bearbeitungen, die ich subjektiv nicht für sinnvoll erachte, es aber vielleicht doch sind. Bitte sprecht mich an, wenn sowas passieren sollte. Gibt es wiederholt Probleme, dann nehme ich Projekte aus meinen Filtereinstellungen, damit es keinen unötigen Ärger gibt. Zum Artikel bleibt nur zu sagen: Die Entscheidung obliegt dem Projekt, ich werde aber nun aktiver für die Löschung der x-wiki-Versionen vorgehen. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 11:38, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you for your work as part of the Small Wiki Monitoring Team. My German is rusty, so I hope you do not mind if I write in English. I think you did a good job reporting this case, and I hope you will continue your valuable work monitoring us. I have been thinking for some time that we might need a better way to handle possible cross-wiki spam than directly tagging pages for speedy deletion. Do you think it could work if all wikis had access to a standard template, let's say <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Cross-wiki spam report}}</syntaxhighlight>, for reporting suspected cross-wiki spam, and this template were used instead of directly adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>? In this way, individual wikis could decide how to handle similar cases according to their own policies. For some communities, the template could even be made a redirect to <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>, while others might prefer a discussion first. Cross-wiki patrollers would then simply act as independent messengers, bringing possible issues to the attention of local communities without needing to become involved in deletion discussions themselves (unless they want to). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:12, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Thank you very much @[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]], I really appreciate that. About the template: Perhaps that would be a good idea, but we should discuss that at metawiki (e.g. at [[:m:SRM]]). My reason was ''No useful content. Out of project scope.'' for the lack of notability, which every community has do decide for itself and ''AI-x-wiki spam'' as for the problematic source of these translations/generations. Please note the [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q28114063&action=history increasing page creations] since 2023. With the introduction of GPT-4 in 2023, the usage of LLMs for the generation of wikipedia articles increased, which may be the problem in this case. :::It is quite interesting to see, that my speedy was reverted by a tempaccount using a proxy. The IP of the tempaccount [[User:~2026-41443-24]] which ran into the filter before the account [[User:Kalligraphiemonk]] (compare [[User:Kalligrafiemonk]]) was created is blocked as a proxy in two russian projects since 2026-07-07. I will contact the Stewards about that special case. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 13:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you, I will post at [[:m:SRM]] about the template proposal. In this specific case, that of “Babylonokia”, it could be argued that the artwork itself (not just the page) has a promotional or attention-seeking character, and there is evidence that a single user created many pages in different languages with the help of LLMs in order to spread the topic across projects. Individual wikis, however, may still decide that the subject has sufficient discussion or relevance to merit an article, and that the generated text should be improved rather than removed. This, however, does not diminish the usefulness of cross-wiki spam reports. I do not have a strong opinion on the fate of this particular article, but I am sorry that the situation became contentious. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:08, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::::I also have no strong opinion about this artwork but I see several self-generated sources x-wiki ([[:de:OpenPR]], which is also used here one). Off-wiki platforms were used to claim notability for this topic by the maker himself. My biggest concern is that most of the projects do not have a real interest to improve and maintain such pages created for self-promotion. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 14:20, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ==Three questions== I'd ask three questions: :1. Is it a work of art or craft? Yes. (Wrought with more dexterity than [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp) an upside-down urinal.]) :2. Is it notable? Yes. (People are likelier to look for it than for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caychax villages having a population of 14].) :3. Do major wikis cover it? Yes. (Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, Japanese. Spanish). So I'd keep it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Please note the original discussion at dewiki [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/18. Februar 2017#Babylonokia (gelöscht)]] [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 14:11, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) li8djw01g2n89uze8pm3rwrw6hz0p9k 3974768 3974765 2026-07-26T14:40:39Z Grufo 64423 /* Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? */ 3974768 wikitext text/x-wiki == Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? == <!-- Noli haec verba removere si formula die 25 Iulii 2026 hora 19:52:01 petita nondum forma finali patescit. -->{{Disputatio petitoria Vicipaediae|Delenda|20260725195201}} Formulam {{[[Formula:Confestim delenda|Confestim delenda]]}} ad formulam {{[[Formula:Delenda|Delenda]]}} verti, quia [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|disputatio]] orta est. De deletione hic disputare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:52, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :{{Ping|Kalligraphiemonk}} haec, nisi fallor, scribere voluit: "falsum praeiudicium, latine emendatum est - 19 linguae rectae sunt". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:49, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Egomet ipse haec dixerim: Commentatio, post emendationes, Latinitate haud pessima componitur: fontes plures et utiles citantur: possumus retinere. Quid dicunt alii? ::Videte etiam disputationem apud de:wiki habitam: [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/2._April_2018#Babylonokia_(SLA)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:03, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Videte [[:en:Babylonokia]] - nullae obiectiones sibi sunt. [[Usor:Kalligraphiemonk|Kalligraphiemonk]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kalligraphiemonk|disputatio]]) 10:04, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Ich wurde eingeladen, mich an dieser Löschdiskussion zu beteiligen und bedanke mich herzlich dafür. Da es mir freigestellt wurde, mich auf Deutsch zu äußern, mache ich das. Die letzten lateinischen Sätze, die von mir kamen, sind etwa so älter, als mein Wikipedia-Account. Der Benutzer ist nach unangemessenen Experimenten auf [[:mw:User:Your name/sandbox]] durch x-wiki-Spam des Artikels über dieses "Kunstwerkes" ([[:wikidata:Q28114063]]) aufgefallen. Eine Ansprache unter anderem wegen KI-Nutzung sehr ihr dort: [[:de:Benutzer Diskussion:Kalligrafiemonk#Wie viele...]]. In der Versionsgeschichte des Datenobjektes sieht man deutlich, dass der Benutzer seit 2017 immer wieder x-wiki diese Artikel hinzufügt, nachdem er die Seiten erstellt hat. Sprachkenntnisse des jeweiligen Projektes sieht er häufig nicht als notwendig an, so wie er selbst einräumt. Wie @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] richtig verlinkt hat, gab es auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia die wohl früheste Fassung des Artikels. In deren Löschdiskussion wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk und dem Schöpfer von ''Babylonokia'', Karl Weingärtner hergestellt. Aus diesem Grunde halte ich den Artikel für eine x-wiki Selbstdarstellung. In meiner Funktion als globaler Rücksetzer und Metawiki-Admin begegnen mir solche Fälle öfter. Vor allem sind die bereits gelöschten Versionen hier bemerkenswert: :* gotwiki gelöscht am 08:16, 25. Jun. 2026 von einem Steward :* tawiki gelöscht am 11:32, 8. Jan. 2024 von einem lokalen Admin :* ruwiki gelöscht am 22:08, 26. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut '''gelöscht am 22:32, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* slwiki gelöscht am 21:44, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* itwiki gelöscht am 00:06, 7. Aug. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hrwiki gelöscht am 13:14, 22. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki erneut gelöscht am 17:16, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki gelöscht am 16:40, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut ''' gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hewiki gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem damaligen Admin :* dewiki gelöscht am 06:48, 25. Feb. 2017 von einem lokalen Admin :Mit Blick auf [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|diese Diskussion]] bin ich sehr irritiert. Hier wird mir durch den Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk Vandalismus in diesem Projekt vorgeworfen. Allerdings kann ich dem [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialis:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Mahathir+Mohamad Missbrauchsfilter-Logbuch] entnehmen, dass der Benutzer in genau dem fragwürdigen Artikel abgemeldet editieren wollte. Der Filter entstand, nachdem dutzende Sprachversionen von [[:wikidata:Q181383]] durch einen Langzeitstörer vandaliert wurden. Dabei wurden die Versionsgeschichten durch teilweise sinnvolle Änderungen sowie selbstreverts massenhaft aufgebläht. :Ich werde den Benutzer selbst ansprechen, mit welcher Begründung er mich für einen Vandalen hält, das Thema sollte hier nicht diskutiert werden. Ich möchte nur klar stellen, dass ich stets im Dienste der kleinen oder auch mittleren Wikis, in denen ich patroulliere, handle. Wenn ich dabei Fehler mache, dann geschehen diese nicht in böser Absicht. Manchmal erfolgen beispielsweise Reverts von Bearbeitungen, die ich subjektiv nicht für sinnvoll erachte, es aber vielleicht doch sind. Bitte sprecht mich an, wenn sowas passieren sollte. Gibt es wiederholt Probleme, dann nehme ich Projekte aus meinen Filtereinstellungen, damit es keinen unötigen Ärger gibt. Zum Artikel bleibt nur zu sagen: Die Entscheidung obliegt dem Projekt, ich werde aber nun aktiver für die Löschung der x-wiki-Versionen vorgehen. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 11:38, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you for your work as part of the Small Wiki Monitoring Team. My German is rusty, so I hope you do not mind if I write in English. I think you did a good job reporting this case, and I hope you will continue your valuable work monitoring us. I have been thinking for some time that we might need a better way to handle possible cross-wiki spam than directly tagging pages for speedy deletion. Do you think it could work if all wikis had access to a standard template, let's say <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Cross-wiki spam report}}</syntaxhighlight>, for reporting suspected cross-wiki spam, and this template were used instead of directly adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>? In this way, individual wikis could decide how to handle similar cases according to their own policies. For some communities, the template could even be made a redirect to <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>, while others might prefer a discussion first. Cross-wiki patrollers would then simply act as independent messengers, bringing possible issues to the attention of local communities without needing to become involved in deletion discussions themselves (unless they want to). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:12, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Thank you very much @[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]], I really appreciate that. About the template: Perhaps that would be a good idea, but we should discuss that at metawiki (e.g. at [[:m:SRM]]). My reason was ''No useful content. Out of project scope.'' for the lack of notability, which every community has do decide for itself and ''AI-x-wiki spam'' as for the problematic source of these translations/generations. Please note the [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q28114063&action=history increasing page creations] since 2023. With the introduction of GPT-4 in 2023, the usage of LLMs for the generation of wikipedia articles increased, which may be the problem in this case. :::It is quite interesting to see, that my speedy was reverted by a tempaccount using a proxy. The IP of the tempaccount [[User:~2026-41443-24]] which ran into the filter before the account [[User:Kalligraphiemonk]] (compare [[User:Kalligrafiemonk]]) was created is blocked as a proxy in two russian projects since 2026-07-07. I will contact the Stewards about that special case. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 13:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you, I will post at [[:m:SRM]] about the template proposal. In this specific case, that of “Babylonokia”, it could be argued that the artwork itself (not just the page) has a promotional or attention-seeking character, and there is evidence that a single user created many pages in different languages with the help of LLMs in order to spread the topic across projects. Individual wikis, however, may still decide that the subject has sufficient discussion or relevance to merit an article, and that the generated text should be improved rather than removed. This, however, does not diminish the usefulness of cross-wiki spam reports. I do not have a strong opinion on the fate of this particular article, but I am sorry that the situation became contentious. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:08, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::::I also have no strong opinion about this artwork but I see several self-generated sources x-wiki ([[:de:OpenPR]], which is also used here one). Off-wiki platforms were used to claim notability for this topic by the maker himself. My biggest concern is that most of the projects do not have a real interest to improve and maintain such pages created for self-promotion. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 14:20, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::::: I understand the concern, which is also why I think cross-wiki spam reports are important. P.S. I just posted my proposal at [[:meta:Steward requests/Miscellaneous#Proposal: create a standard cross-wiki spam report template]]. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ==Three questions== I'd ask three questions: :1. Is it a work of art or craft? Yes. (Wrought with more dexterity than [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp) an upside-down urinal.]) :2. Is it notable? Yes. (People are likelier to look for it than for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caychax villages having a population of 14].) :3. Do major wikis cover it? Yes. (Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, Japanese. Spanish). So I'd keep it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Please note the original discussion at dewiki [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/18. Februar 2017#Babylonokia (gelöscht)]] [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 14:11, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) p8j3rnrx8l1gko9qlgj0wr49krvyujs 3974769 3974768 2026-07-26T14:40:58Z Grufo 64423 /* Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? */ 3974769 wikitext text/x-wiki == Die 25 Iulii 2026 — Estne haec pagina delenda? == <!-- Noli haec verba removere si formula die 25 Iulii 2026 hora 19:52:01 petita nondum forma finali patescit. -->{{Disputatio petitoria Vicipaediae|Delenda|20260725195201}} Formulam {{[[Formula:Confestim delenda|Confestim delenda]]}} ad formulam {{[[Formula:Delenda|Delenda]]}} verti, quia [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|disputatio]] orta est. De deletione hic disputare licet. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 19:52, 25 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :{{Ping|Kalligraphiemonk}} haec, nisi fallor, scribere voluit: "falsum praeiudicium, latine emendatum est - 19 linguae rectae sunt". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:49, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ::Egomet ipse haec dixerim: Commentatio, post emendationes, Latinitate haud pessima componitur: fontes plures et utiles citantur: possumus retinere. Quid dicunt alii? ::Videte etiam disputationem apud de:wiki habitam: [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/2._April_2018#Babylonokia_(SLA)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:03, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Videte [[:en:Babylonokia]] - nullae obiectiones sibi sunt. [[Usor:Kalligraphiemonk|Kalligraphiemonk]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kalligraphiemonk|disputatio]]) 10:04, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Ich wurde eingeladen, mich an dieser Löschdiskussion zu beteiligen und bedanke mich herzlich dafür. Da es mir freigestellt wurde, mich auf Deutsch zu äußern, mache ich das. Die letzten lateinischen Sätze, die von mir kamen, sind etwa so älter, als mein Wikipedia-Account. Der Benutzer ist nach unangemessenen Experimenten auf [[:mw:User:Your name/sandbox]] durch x-wiki-Spam des Artikels über dieses "Kunstwerkes" ([[:wikidata:Q28114063]]) aufgefallen. Eine Ansprache unter anderem wegen KI-Nutzung sehr ihr dort: [[:de:Benutzer Diskussion:Kalligrafiemonk#Wie viele...]]. In der Versionsgeschichte des Datenobjektes sieht man deutlich, dass der Benutzer seit 2017 immer wieder x-wiki diese Artikel hinzufügt, nachdem er die Seiten erstellt hat. Sprachkenntnisse des jeweiligen Projektes sieht er häufig nicht als notwendig an, so wie er selbst einräumt. Wie @[[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] richtig verlinkt hat, gab es auf der deutschsprachigen Wikipedia die wohl früheste Fassung des Artikels. In deren Löschdiskussion wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk und dem Schöpfer von ''Babylonokia'', Karl Weingärtner hergestellt. Aus diesem Grunde halte ich den Artikel für eine x-wiki Selbstdarstellung. In meiner Funktion als globaler Rücksetzer und Metawiki-Admin begegnen mir solche Fälle öfter. Vor allem sind die bereits gelöschten Versionen hier bemerkenswert: :* gotwiki gelöscht am 08:16, 25. Jun. 2026 von einem Steward :* tawiki gelöscht am 11:32, 8. Jan. 2024 von einem lokalen Admin :* ruwiki gelöscht am 22:08, 26. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut '''gelöscht am 22:32, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* slwiki gelöscht am 21:44, 20. Dez. 2023 von einem lokalen Admin :* itwiki gelöscht am 00:06, 7. Aug. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hrwiki gelöscht am 13:14, 22. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki erneut gelöscht am 17:16, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* bswiki gelöscht am 16:40, 21. Jun. 2018 von einem damaligen lokalen Admin :* dewiki '''erneut ''' gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem lokalen Admin :* hewiki gelöscht am 09:26, 3. Apr. 2018 von einem damaligen Admin :* dewiki gelöscht am 06:48, 25. Feb. 2017 von einem lokalen Admin :Mit Blick auf [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Vandalismus|diese Diskussion]] bin ich sehr irritiert. Hier wird mir durch den Benutzer Kalligraphiemonk Vandalismus in diesem Projekt vorgeworfen. Allerdings kann ich dem [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Specialis:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Mahathir+Mohamad Missbrauchsfilter-Logbuch] entnehmen, dass der Benutzer in genau dem fragwürdigen Artikel abgemeldet editieren wollte. Der Filter entstand, nachdem dutzende Sprachversionen von [[:wikidata:Q181383]] durch einen Langzeitstörer vandaliert wurden. Dabei wurden die Versionsgeschichten durch teilweise sinnvolle Änderungen sowie selbstreverts massenhaft aufgebläht. :Ich werde den Benutzer selbst ansprechen, mit welcher Begründung er mich für einen Vandalen hält, das Thema sollte hier nicht diskutiert werden. Ich möchte nur klar stellen, dass ich stets im Dienste der kleinen oder auch mittleren Wikis, in denen ich patroulliere, handle. Wenn ich dabei Fehler mache, dann geschehen diese nicht in böser Absicht. Manchmal erfolgen beispielsweise Reverts von Bearbeitungen, die ich subjektiv nicht für sinnvoll erachte, es aber vielleicht doch sind. Bitte sprecht mich an, wenn sowas passieren sollte. Gibt es wiederholt Probleme, dann nehme ich Projekte aus meinen Filtereinstellungen, damit es keinen unötigen Ärger gibt. Zum Artikel bleibt nur zu sagen: Die Entscheidung obliegt dem Projekt, ich werde aber nun aktiver für die Löschung der x-wiki-Versionen vorgehen. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 11:38, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you for your work as part of the Small Wiki Monitoring Team. My German is rusty, so I hope you do not mind if I write in English. I think you did a good job reporting this case, and I hope you will continue your valuable work monitoring us. I have been thinking for some time that we might need a better way to handle possible cross-wiki spam than directly tagging pages for speedy deletion. Do you think it could work if all wikis had access to a standard template, let's say <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Cross-wiki spam report}}</syntaxhighlight>, for reporting suspected cross-wiki spam, and this template were used instead of directly adding <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>? In this way, individual wikis could decide how to handle similar cases according to their own policies. For some communities, the template could even be made a redirect to <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Delete}}</syntaxhighlight>, while others might prefer a discussion first. Cross-wiki patrollers would then simply act as independent messengers, bringing possible issues to the attention of local communities without needing to become involved in deletion discussions themselves (unless they want to). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 13:12, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::Thank you very much @[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]], I really appreciate that. About the template: Perhaps that would be a good idea, but we should discuss that at metawiki (e.g. at [[:m:SRM]]). My reason was ''No useful content. Out of project scope.'' for the lack of notability, which every community has do decide for itself and ''AI-x-wiki spam'' as for the problematic source of these translations/generations. Please note the [https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=Q28114063&action=history increasing page creations] since 2023. With the introduction of GPT-4 in 2023, the usage of LLMs for the generation of wikipedia articles increased, which may be the problem in this case. :::It is quite interesting to see, that my speedy was reverted by a tempaccount using a proxy. The IP of the tempaccount [[User:~2026-41443-24]] which ran into the filter before the account [[User:Kalligraphiemonk]] (compare [[User:Kalligrafiemonk]]) was created is blocked as a proxy in two russian projects since 2026-07-07. I will contact the Stewards about that special case. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 13:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::: @[[Usor:NDG|NDG]]: Thank you, I will post at [[:m:SRM]] about the template proposal. In this specific case, that of “Babylonokia”, it could be argued that the artwork itself (not just the page) has a promotional or attention-seeking character, and there is evidence that a single user created many pages in different languages with the help of LLMs in order to spread the topic across projects. Individual wikis, however, may still decide that the subject has sufficient discussion or relevance to merit an article, and that the generated text should be improved rather than removed. This, however, does not diminish the usefulness of cross-wiki spam reports. I do not have a strong opinion on the fate of this particular article, but I am sorry that the situation became contentious. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:08, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::::I also have no strong opinion about this artwork but I see several self-generated sources x-wiki ([[:de:OpenPR]], which is also used here one). Off-wiki platforms were used to claim notability for this topic by the maker himself. My biggest concern is that most of the projects do not have a real interest to improve and maintain such pages created for self-promotion. [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 14:20, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :::::: I totally understand the concern, which is also why I think cross-wiki spam reports are important. P.S. I just posted my proposal at [[:meta:Steward requests/Miscellaneous#Proposal: create a standard cross-wiki spam report template]]. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:40, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) ==Three questions== I'd ask three questions: :1. Is it a work of art or craft? Yes. (Wrought with more dexterity than [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp) an upside-down urinal.]) :2. Is it notable? Yes. (People are likelier to look for it than for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caychax villages having a population of 14].) :3. Do major wikis cover it? Yes. (Chinese, Danish, Dutch, English, French, Japanese. Spanish). So I'd keep it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:54, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) :Please note the original discussion at dewiki [[:de:Wikipedia:Löschkandidaten/18. Februar 2017#Babylonokia (gelöscht)]] [[Usor:NDG|NDG]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NDG|disputatio]]) 14:11, 26 Iulii 2026 (UTC) fkq842hi73pi4dae75c3d9ndnpc9nom Fujiwara-kyō 0 326925 3974739 3974657 2026-07-26T13:16:53Z IacobusAmor 1163 ~ Menda manent. 3974739 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-3}} [[Fasciculus:Fujiwara-kyo Kashihara Nara pref Japan05bs5.jpg|thumb|Ruina aedificinae{{dubsig}} centralis{{dubsig}} Fujiwara-kyō.]] [[Fasciculus:210401 One-thousandth scale model of Fujiwara-kyu.jpg|thumb|Minitura{{dubsig}} reconstuctionis Fujiwara-kyō.]] '''Fujiwara-kyō''' ([[Iaponice]] 藤原京) fuit [[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Iaponia]]e ab anno [[694]] ad annum [[710]],<ref>Ante creationem{{dubsig}} [[Heijō-kyō]] a [[Gemmei (imperatrix)|Gemmei]] imperatricis.</ref> a [[Dzitō (imperatrix)|Dzitō imperatrice]] constitutum. Primum [[urbs]] capitalis in [[historia Iaponiae]] a [[tegula]] creata erat. Anno [[2026]], lista{{dubsig}} [[Patrimonium totius mundi]]{{dubsig}} regesteri{{dubsig}} opus est. == Notae == <references/> {{NexInt}} *[[Heijō-kyō]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Fujiwara-kyō|Fujiwara-kyō}} [[Categoria:Condita 694]] [[Categoria:Historia Iaponiae]] [[Categoria:Loci hereditatis mundialis in Iaponia]] 4eh0qg15kjuris719nl2gw9bk0favnx 3974742 3974739 2026-07-26T13:20:22Z IacobusAmor 1163 dubsig 3974742 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-3}} [[Fasciculus:Fujiwara-kyo Kashihara Nara pref Japan05bs5.jpg|thumb|Ruina aedificinae{{dubsig}} centralis{{dubsig}} Fujiwara-kyō.]] [[Fasciculus:210401 One-thousandth scale model of Fujiwara-kyu.jpg|thumb|Minitura{{dubsig}} reconstuctionis Fujiwara-kyō.]] '''Fujiwara-kyō''' ([[Iaponice]] 藤原京) fuit [[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Iaponia]]e ab anno [[694]] ad annum [[710]],<ref>Ante creationem{{dubsig}} [[Heijō-kyō]] a [[Gemmei (imperatrix)|Gemmei]] imperatricis.</ref> a [[Dzitō (imperatrix)|Dzitō imperatrice]] constitutum. Primum [[urbs]] capitalis in [[historia Iaponiae]] a{{dubsig}} [[tegula]]{{dubsig}} creata erat. Anno [[2026]], lista{{dubsig}} [[Patrimonium totius mundi]]{{dubsig}} regesteri{{dubsig}} opus est. == Notae == <references/> {{NexInt}} *[[Heijō-kyō]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Fujiwara-kyō|Fujiwara-kyō}} [[Categoria:Condita 694]] [[Categoria:Historia Iaponiae]] [[Categoria:Loci hereditatis mundialis in Iaponia]] ef7g4hf41t407u9c9058hhltqwlqlkf 3974813 3974742 2026-07-26T18:52:51Z LilyKitty 18316 corrigendum 3974813 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-3}} [[Fasciculus:Fujiwara-kyo Kashihara Nara pref Japan03bs5.jpg|thumb|Ruina portae centralis{{dubsig}} Fujiwara-kyō]] [[Fasciculus:Fujiwarakyo2.gif|thumb|Carta geographiae Fujiwara-kyō]] [[Fasciculus:210401 One-thousandth scale model of Fujiwara-kyu.jpg|thumb|Simulatio reconstuctionis Fujiwara-kyō.]] '''Fujiwara-kyō''' ([[Iaponice]] 藤原京) fuit [[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Iaponia]]e ab anno [[694]] ad annum [[710]],<ref>Ante creationem{{dubsig}} [[Heijō-kyō]] a [[Gemmei (imperatrix)|Gemmei]] imperatricis.</ref> a [[Dzitō (imperatrix)|Dzitō imperatrice]] constitutum. Primum [[urbs]] capitalis in [[historia Iaponiae]] cum tectorio [[tegula|tegularum]] creata erat. Die [[26 Iulii]] anno [[2026]], ruina indecem [[Patrimonium totius mundi|Patrimoniii totius mundi]] regesta est.<ref>Apud congressum [[Consilium Internationale de Monumentis et Sitibus]] anno 2026 in [[Busan]].</ref> == Notae == <references/> {{NexInt}} *[[Heijō-kyō]] == Nexus externi == *[https://kashihara-kanko.or.jp/about/fujiwarakyo.php De Fujiwara-kyō] (Iaponice) {{CommuniaCat|Fujiwara-kyō|Fujiwara-kyō}} [[Categoria:Condita 694]] [[Categoria:Historia Iaponiae]] [[Categoria:Loci hereditatis mundialis in Iaponia]] 6xb5an1rwali39vmmeqv50wv86bj7vp Henricus Navigator 0 326927 3974831 3974690 2026-07-26T20:22:37Z Bartholomite 116968 3974831 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Henricus Navigator}} (1394–1460), primus Dux Viseuensis, fuit princeps [[Lusitanus]],<ref>[https://www.dictionary.com/browse/henry-the-navigator?q=Henry+the+Navigator Henry_The_Navigator.Dictionary.Iulius.2026]</ref> tertius filius regis [[Ioannes I (rex Portugalliae)|Ioannis I Lusitaniae]]. Gravissimus fuit patrocinio initioque [[Aevum Explorationis|Aetatis Inventionis]]. Is adhibendo artificium navis [[Carabella]] direxit progressos explorationarum novorum Africae occidentalis, insularum Oceani Atlantici.<ref>Ivana Elbl, "Man of His Time (and Peers): A New Look at Henry the Navigator." ''Luso-Brazilian Review'' 28.2 (1991): 73–89.</ref> Reliquiae eius in Monasterio Batalhae sepultae sunt.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-the-Navigator Britannica.Iulius.2026]</ref> == Referentia == <references/> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Henry the Navigator|Henricum Navigatorem}} {{Fontes biographici}} {{bio-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1394|1460}} [[Categoria:Exploratores Portugallenses]] [[Categoria:Historia Portugalliae]] {{Myrias|Homines}}{{dubsig}} gockh97qs1hhnydnlxu5mzjsdefcr9d 3974832 3974831 2026-07-26T20:28:17Z Bartholomite 116968 3974832 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Henricus Navigator}} (1394–1460), primus Dux Viseuensis, fuit princeps [[Lusitanus]],<ref>[https://www.dictionary.com/browse/henry-the-navigator?q=Henry+the+Navigator Henry_The_Navigator.Dictionary.Iulius.2026]</ref> tertius filius regis [[Ioannes I (rex Portugalliae)|Ioannis I Lusitaniae]]. Gravissimus fuit patrocinio initioque [[Aevum Explorationis|Aetatis Inventionis]]. Is adhibendo artificium navis [[Carabella]] direxit progressos explorationarum novorum Africae occidentalis, insularum Oceani Atlantici.<ref>Ivana Elbl, "Man of His Time (and Peers): A New Look at Henry the Navigator." ''Luso-Brazilian Review'' 28.2 (1991): 73–89.</ref> Reliquiae eius in Monasterio Batalhae sepultae sunt.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-the-Navigator Britannica.Iulius.2026]</ref> == Notae == <references/> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Henry the Navigator|Henricum Navigatorem}} {{Fontes biographici}} {{bio-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1394|1460}} [[Categoria:Exploratores Portugallenses]] [[Categoria:Historia Portugalliae]] {{Myrias|Homines}}{{dubsig}} r6j1r5odtjf2unt3l1bt3gugw1gut93 3974909 3974832 2026-07-27T05:26:37Z Jondel 452 3974909 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Henricus Navigator}} (1394–1460), primus Dux Viseuensis, fuit princeps [[Lusitanus]],<ref>[https://www.dictionary.com/browse/henry-the-navigator?q=Henry+the+Navigator Henry_The_Navigator.Dictionary.Iulius.2026]</ref> tertius filius regis [[Ioannes I (rex Portugalliae)|Ioannis I Lusitaniae]]. Gravissimus fuit patrocinio initioque [[Aevum Explorationis|Aetatis Inventionis]]. Is adhibendo artificium navis [[carabella]] direxit progressos explorationarum novorum Africae occidentalis, insularum Oceani Atlantici.<ref>Ivana Elbl, "Man of His Time (and Peers): A New Look at Henry the Navigator." ''Luso-Brazilian Review'' 28.2 (1991): 73–89.</ref> Reliquiae eius in Monasterio Batalhae sepultae sunt.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-the-Navigator Britannica.Iulius.2026]</ref> [[Schola]]m [[navigatio]]nis in Lusitania aperuit, ut technologia instrumentorum et navium melior fieri posset. Unum ex his progressibus fuit carabella(caravella) supra memorata. [[Explorator]]es eius primas vias navigationis directe ex [[Europa]] ad [[Asia]]m pro [[monarchia Lusitana]] invenerunt.<ref>ibid</ref> == Notae == <references/> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Henry the Navigator|Henricum Navigatorem}} {{Fontes biographici}} {{bio-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1394|1460}} [[Categoria:Exploratores Portugallenses]] [[Categoria:Historia Portugalliae]] {{Myrias|Homines}}{{dubsig}} dwo4f3zzh2dc9rjqnofn94thk6x11iq Jitō (imperatrix) 0 326928 3974736 2026-07-26T13:11:06Z IacobusAmor 1163 IacobusAmor movit paginam [[Jitō (imperatrix)]] ad [[Dzitō (imperatrix)]]: Lemma 3974736 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Dzitō (imperatrix)]] ai88rlbmhuwawj23jofts7mml8zkoad Iacobus David Vance 0 326929 3974757 2026-07-26T14:07:54Z IacobusAmor 1163 IacobusAmor movit paginam [[Iacobus David Vance]] ad [[Iacobus David Vanceus]]: Lemma 3974757 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Iacobus David Vanceus]] aakjm8xjh63hgjywj6ki1xmxw92wfio Disputatio:Iacobus David Vance 1 326930 3974759 2026-07-26T14:07:54Z IacobusAmor 1163 IacobusAmor movit paginam [[Disputatio:Iacobus David Vance]] ad [[Disputatio:Iacobus David Vanceus]]: Lemma 3974759 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Disputatio:Iacobus David Vanceus]] 02rhz6d8ueu1n8p08pktv4ksup6tp29 Gulielmus Gueroult 0 326931 3974770 2026-07-26T14:58:13Z Andrew Dalby 1084 init 3974770 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Gulielmus Gueroult}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: [[:Fasciculus:Modulorum T2 1554 Bosc Guéroult.jpg|titulus operis ab eo anno 1554 divulgati. Nomen Latinum "Guillermus Gueroaldus" eo apud [https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=nid%3D124384927 DNB] attribuitur, sed re vera alius quidam ''Guillaume Gueroult'', medicus universitatis Cadomensis, fortasse pater nostri ''Guillaume'', hoc nomine Latino usus est.</ref> vulgo ''Guillaume Gueroult'' ([[Rothomagus|Rothomagi]] anno circiter 1507 natus; [[Lugdunum|Lugduni]] mortuus die [[7 Octobris]] [[1569]]) fuit editor et interpres. == Opera == [[Fasciculus:Fuchs Gueroult translation 1558 tp.jpeg|thumb|[[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharti Fuchsii]] ''[[De historia stirpium commentarii insignes]]'': titulus versionis alterius Francogallicae, a Gulielmo Gueroult factae, Lugduni anno 1558 divulgatae]] ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1558 [[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharti Fuchsii]] ''[[De historia stirpium commentarii insignes]]'' : ''L'histoire des plantes, mis en commentaires par Léonart Fuschs ... et nouvellement traduict de latin en françoys, avec vraye observation de l'auteur''. Lugduni: Guillaume Rouille; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b86082904 Textus apud Gallica] ** 1575 : ''L'histoire des plantes reduicte en tres bon ordre, augmentée de plusieurs simples ... et illustrée par les commentaires de Leonarth Fusch ...''. Lugduni: par Charles Pesnot {{Google Books|IgZfAAAAcAAJ}} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|1569|Gueroaldus, Guillermus}} 8thffhhq1qyyyjb5pzpo49euulkdpm7 3974771 3974770 2026-07-26T14:58:54Z Andrew Dalby 1084 Andrew Dalby movit paginam [[Guillermus Gueroaldus]] ad [[Gulielmus Gueroult]]: verum nomen fonte confirmatum 3974770 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Gulielmus Gueroult}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: [[:Fasciculus:Modulorum T2 1554 Bosc Guéroult.jpg|titulus operis ab eo anno 1554 divulgati. Nomen Latinum "Guillermus Gueroaldus" eo apud [https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=nid%3D124384927 DNB] attribuitur, sed re vera alius quidam ''Guillaume Gueroult'', medicus universitatis Cadomensis, fortasse pater nostri ''Guillaume'', hoc nomine Latino usus est.</ref> vulgo ''Guillaume Gueroult'' ([[Rothomagus|Rothomagi]] anno circiter 1507 natus; [[Lugdunum|Lugduni]] mortuus die [[7 Octobris]] [[1569]]) fuit editor et interpres. == Opera == [[Fasciculus:Fuchs Gueroult translation 1558 tp.jpeg|thumb|[[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharti Fuchsii]] ''[[De historia stirpium commentarii insignes]]'': titulus versionis alterius Francogallicae, a Gulielmo Gueroult factae, Lugduni anno 1558 divulgatae]] ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1558 [[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharti Fuchsii]] ''[[De historia stirpium commentarii insignes]]'' : ''L'histoire des plantes, mis en commentaires par Léonart Fuschs ... et nouvellement traduict de latin en françoys, avec vraye observation de l'auteur''. Lugduni: Guillaume Rouille; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b86082904 Textus apud Gallica] ** 1575 : ''L'histoire des plantes reduicte en tres bon ordre, augmentée de plusieurs simples ... et illustrée par les commentaires de Leonarth Fusch ...''. Lugduni: par Charles Pesnot {{Google Books|IgZfAAAAcAAJ}} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|1569|Gueroaldus, Guillermus}} 8thffhhq1qyyyjb5pzpo49euulkdpm7 3974773 3974771 2026-07-26T15:03:54Z Andrew Dalby 1084 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]]; +[[Categoria:Auctores Latini Renascentiae]]; +[[Categoria:Interpretes Latino-Francogallici]]; +[[Categoria:Editores]] 3974773 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Gulielmus Gueroult}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: [[:Fasciculus:Modulorum T2 1554 Bosc Guéroult.jpg|titulus operis ab eo anno 1554 divulgati. Nomen Latinum "Guillermus Gueroaldus" eo apud [https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=nid%3D124384927 DNB] attribuitur, sed re vera alius quidam ''Guillaume Gueroult'', medicus universitatis Cadomensis, fortasse pater nostri ''Guillaume'', hoc nomine Latino usus est.</ref> vulgo ''Guillaume Gueroult'' ([[Rothomagus|Rothomagi]] anno circiter 1507 natus; [[Lugdunum|Lugduni]] mortuus die [[7 Octobris]] [[1569]]) fuit editor et interpres. == Opera == [[Fasciculus:Fuchs Gueroult translation 1558 tp.jpeg|thumb|[[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharti Fuchsii]] ''[[De historia stirpium commentarii insignes]]'': titulus versionis alterius Francogallicae, a Gulielmo Gueroult factae, Lugduni anno 1558 divulgatae]] ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1558 [[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharti Fuchsii]] ''[[De historia stirpium commentarii insignes]]'' : ''L'histoire des plantes, mis en commentaires par Léonart Fuschs ... et nouvellement traduict de latin en françoys, avec vraye observation de l'auteur''. Lugduni: Guillaume Rouille; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b86082904 Textus apud Gallica] ** 1575 : ''L'histoire des plantes reduicte en tres bon ordre, augmentée de plusieurs simples ... et illustrée par les commentaires de Leonarth Fusch ...''. Lugduni: par Charles Pesnot {{Google Books|IgZfAAAAcAAJ}} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|1569|Gueroaldus, Guillermus}} [[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Latini Renascentiae]] [[Categoria:Interpretes Latino-Francogallici]] [[Categoria:Editores]] exm7xtxhtq3mljtl3ap6ky3auz6h5h6 3974774 3974773 2026-07-26T15:07:31Z Andrew Dalby 1084 3974774 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Gulielmus Gueroult}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: [[:Fasciculus:Modulorum T2 1554 Bosc Guéroult.jpg|titulus operis ab eo anno 1554 divulgati]]. Nomen Latinum "Guillermus Gueroaldus" eo apud [https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=nid%3D124384927 DNB] attribuitur, sed re vera alius quidam ''Guillaume Gueroult'', medicus universitatis Cadomensis, fortasse pater nostri ''Guillaume'', hoc nomine Latino usus est.</ref> vulgo ''Guillaume Gueroult'' ([[Rothomagus|Rothomagi]] anno circiter 1507 natus; [[Lugdunum|Lugduni]] mortuus die [[7 Octobris]] [[1569]]) fuit editor et interpres. == Opera == [[Fasciculus:Fuchs Gueroult translation 1558 tp.jpeg|thumb|[[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharti Fuchsii]] ''[[De historia stirpium commentarii insignes]]'': titulus versionis alterius Francogallicae, a Gulielmo Gueroult factae, Lugduni anno 1558 divulgatae]] ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1558 [[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharti Fuchsii]] ''[[De historia stirpium commentarii insignes]]'' : ''L'histoire des plantes, mis en commentaires par Léonart Fuschs ... et nouvellement traduict de latin en françoys, avec vraye observation de l'auteur''. Lugduni: Guillaume Rouille; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b86082904 Textus apud Gallica] ** 1575 : ''L'histoire des plantes reduicte en tres bon ordre, augmentée de plusieurs simples ... et illustrée par les commentaires de Leonarth Fusch ...''. Lugduni: par Charles Pesnot {{Google Books|IgZfAAAAcAAJ}} == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|1569|Gueroaldus, Guillermus}} [[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Latini Renascentiae]] [[Categoria:Interpretes Latino-Francogallici]] [[Categoria:Editores]] hrsklcyupcg54fm651vqq7xxicqyskm 3974798 3974774 2026-07-26T16:25:12Z Andrew Dalby 1084 3974798 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Gulielmus Gueroult}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: [[:Fasciculus:Modulorum T2 1554 Bosc Guéroult.jpg|titulus operis ab eo anno 1554 divulgati]]. Nomen Latinum "Guillermus Gueroaldus" eo apud [https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=nid%3D124384927 DNB] attribuitur, sed re vera alius quidam ''Guillaume Gueroult'', medicus universitatis Cadomensis, fortasse pater nostri ''Guillaume'', hoc nomine Latino usus est.</ref> vulgo ''Guillaume Gueroult'' ([[Rothomagus|Rothomagi]] anno circiter 1507 natus; [[Lugdunum|Lugduni]] mortuus die [[7 Octobris]] [[1569]]) fuit editor, musicus et interpres. Auctor fuit carminis celebri "[[Susanne un jour]]", aano [[1548]] in ''Premier livre des chansons spirituelles'' editi, musica a [[Desiderius Lupi Second|Desiderio Lupi Second]] composita. == Opera == [[Fasciculus:Guéroult - Description animaux 1550 Arnoullet.jpg|thumb|Titulus ''Second livre de la description des animaux'', Lugduni anno 1550 divulgatae]] [[Fasciculus:Fuchs Gueroult translation 1558 tp.jpeg|thumb|[[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharti Fuchsii]] ''[[De historia stirpium commentarii insignes]]'': titulus versionis alterius Francogallicae, a Gulielmo Gueroult factae, Lugduni anno 1558 divulgatae]] ; A se composita * 1546 : ''Epitome gestorum LVIII regum Franciae, a Pharamundo ad hunc usque Christianissimum Franciscum Valesium''. Lugduni * 1548 (cum [[Desiderius Lupi Second|Desiderio Lupi Second]]) : ''Premier livre des chansons spirituelles, nouvellement composées par Guillaume Guéroult, et mises en musique par Didier Lupi Second''. Lugduni: Godefroy et Marcellin Beringen ** 1559 : ''Chansons spirituelles''. Lutetiae: Nicolas Du Chemin; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k87113673 Textus apud Gallica] * 1550 : ''Le premier livre des emblesmes composé par G. Guéroult''. Lugduni: Balthazar Arnoullet; {{Google Books|eZ7zcSFlj7kC}} * 1550 : ''Second livre de la description des animaux contenant le blason des oyseaux, composé par G. Guéroult''. Lugduni: Arnoullet * 1551 : ''Apologie pour le Roy, contre les calomnies des imperiaulx''. Lugduni: Macé Bonhomme * 1559 : ''Épître du Seigneur de Brusquet aux magnifiques et honorés Seigneurs Syndics & Conseil de Genève''. Lugduni: J. Saugrain * 1560 ([[Bernardus Salomon|Bernardo Salomon]], pictore) : ''Hymnes du temps et de ses parties''. Lugduni: Jean de Tournes; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8609552s Textus aoud Gallica] * 1560 (cum [[Ioachimus Bellaius|Joachim Du Bellay]], [[Antonius de Hauville|Antoine de Hauville]]) : ''La Lyre chrestienne, avec la Monomachie de David et Goliath, et plusieurs autres chansons spirituelles, nouvellement mises en musique par Antoine de Hauville''. Lugduni Simon Gorlier, 1560; [https://www.e-rara.ch/gep_r/doi/10.3931/e-rara-61647 Textus apud E-rara] * 1561 : ''La description philosophale de la nature et condition des animaux tant raisonnables que bruts, avec le sens moral compris sur le naturel et condition d’iceulx''. Lugduni: Benoit Rigaud * 1564 : ''Figures de la Bible''. Lugduni: Guillaume Rouillé; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k79186d Textuas apud Gallica] ; Versiones * 1550 : ''Les Sentences de Marc Tulle Ciceron, ausquelles sont adjoustées plusieurs graves et illustres sentences, recueillies des plus excellens autheurs en la langue latine, traduites d'icelle en rythme françoyse'' Lugduni: Arnoullet, 1550 {{Google Books|kLI6AAAAcAAJ}} * 1552 : ''Premier [-Second] tome des Chroniques & gestes admirables des empereurs, avec les effigies d’iceux''. Lugduni: Arnoullet * 1558 ([[Palaephatus]]) : ''Premier livre des narratug ... [https://books.google.fr/books?id=GTo8AAAAcAAJ Google books]. * 1558 : ''Premier livre des narrations fabuleuses, avec les discours et la vérité et histoires d’icelles''. Lyon, Granson, 1558 * 1558 [[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharti Fuchsii]] ''[[De historia stirpium commentarii insignes]]'' : ''L'histoire des plantes, mis en commentaires par Léonart Fuschs ... et nouvellement traduict de latin en françoys, avec vraye observation de l'auteur''. Lugduni: Guillaume Rouille; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b86082904 Textus apud Gallica] ** 1575 : ''L'histoire des plantes reduicte en tres bon ordre, augmentée de plusieurs simples ... et illustrée par les commentaires de Leonarth Fusch ...''. Lugduni: par Charles Pesnot {{Google Books|IgZfAAAAcAAJ}} * 1561 : ''Discours de la droite administration des royaumes et republiques, extrait de la rapsodie du S.I.P. Cermenat millanois'' ([[Mario Cermenati]]). Traduit par G. Guéroult. Lyon : 1561, in-4°. == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Enea Balmas, "Tra Umanesimo e Riforma: Guillaume Guéroult, "terzo uomo" del processo Serveto" in ''Montaigne a Padova e altri studi sulla letterature francese del cinquecento'' (Patavii: Liviana editrice, 1962) pp. 109-223 * Enea Balmas, "Guillaume Guéroult traducteur des Psaumes" in ''Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France'' vol. 67 (1967) pp. 705-725 * Enea Balmas, "Le cas de Guillaume Guéroult" in Yves Giraud, ed., ''L’Emblème à la Renaissance'' (Lutetiae, 1982) pp. 127-135 * Enea Balmas, "À propos des emblèmes bibliques de G. Guéroult et de G. Simeoni" in ''Revue de Littérature Comparée'' vol. 64 (1990) pp. 645–651 * George Becker, ''Guillaume Guéroult et ses chansons spirituelles (XVIe siècle)''. Lutetiae: Fischbacher, 1880 * Daniela Boccassini, ''La Parola riscritta. Guillaume Gueroult, poeta e traduttore nella Francia della Riforma''. Florentiae: La Nuova Italia, 1985; [https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.2307/2862391 recensio huius operis] * Laurent Guillo, ''Les éditions musicales de la Renaissance lyonnaise''. Lutetiae: Klincksieck, 1991 * James Hutton, "Three Notes on French Authors: Desportes, Guéroult, Ronsard" in ''Modern Langage Notes'' vol. 55 (1940)pp. 579-581 == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} * "[https://imslp.org/wiki/Category:Guéroult,_Guillaume Guillaume Guéroult]" apud IMSLI {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|1569|Gueroaldus, Guillermus}} [[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Latini Renascentiae]] [[Categoria:Interpretes Latino-Francogallici]] [[Categoria:Editores]] sl1jbuhjy7hnadryk5yhdhsg2wgbrdj 3974806 3974798 2026-07-26T17:42:44Z Andrew Dalby 1084 3974806 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Gulielmus Gueroult}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: [[:Fasciculus:Modulorum T2 1554 Bosc Guéroult.jpg|titulus operis ab eo anno 1554 divulgati]]. Nomen Latinum "Guillermus Gueroaldus" eo apud [https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=nid%3D124384927 DNB] attribuitur, sed re vera alius quidam ''Guillaume Gueroult'', medicus universitatis Cadomensis, fortasse pater nostri ''Guillaume'', hoc nomine Latino usus est.</ref> vulgo ''Guillaume Gueroult'' ([[Rothomagus|Rothomagi]] anno circiter 1507 natus; [[Lugdunum|Lugduni]] mortuus die [[7 Octobris]] [[1569]]) fuit editor, musicus et interpres. Auctor fuit carminis celebri "[[Susanne un jour]]", aano [[1548]] in ''Premier livre des chansons spirituelles'' editi, musica a [[Desiderius Lupi Second|Desiderio Lupi Second]] composita. == Opera == [[Fasciculus:Guéroult - Description animaux 1550 Arnoullet.jpg|thumb|Titulus ''Second livre de la description des animaux'', Lugduni anno 1550 divulgatae]] [[Fasciculus:Fuchs Gueroult translation 1558 tp.jpeg|thumb|[[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharti Fuchsii]] ''[[De historia stirpium commentarii insignes]]'': titulus versionis alterius Francogallicae, a Gulielmo Gueroult factae, Lugduni anno 1558 divulgatae]] ; A se composita * 1546 : ''Epitome gestorum LVIII regum Franciae, a Pharamundo ad hunc usque Christianissimum Franciscum Valesium''. Lugduni * 1548 (cum [[Desiderius Lupi Second|Desiderio Lupi Second]]) : ''Premier livre des chansons spirituelles, nouvellement composées par Guillaume Guéroult, et mises en musique par Didier Lupi Second''. Lugduni: Godefroy et Marcellin Beringen ** 1559 : ''Chansons spirituelles''. Lutetiae: Nicolas Du Chemin; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k87113673 Textus apud Gallica] * 1550 : ''Le premier livre des emblesmes composé par G. Guéroult''. Lugduni: Balthazar Arnoullet; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b86261662 Textus apud Gallica] {{Google Books|eZ7zcSFlj7kC}} * 1550 : ''Second livre de la description des animaux contenant le blason des oyseaux, composé par G. Guéroult''. Lugduni: Arnoullet; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8608311v Textus apud Gallica] * 1551 : ''Apologie pour le Roy, contre les calomnies des imperiaulx''. Lugduni: Macé Bonhomme * 1552 : ''Premier [-Second] tome des chroniques & gestes admirables des empereurs, avec les effigies d’iceux''. Lugduni: Arnoullet; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k8706130n Textus apud Gallica] * 1559 : ''Épître du Seigneur de Brusquet aux magnifiques et honorés Seigneurs Syndics & Conseil de Genève''. Lugduni: J. Saugrain * 1560 ([[Bernardus Salomon|Bernardo Salomon]], pictore) : ''Hymnes du temps et de ses parties''. Lugduni: Jean de Tournes; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8609552s Textus aoud Gallica] * 1560 (cum [[Ioachimus Bellaius|Joachim Du Bellay]], [[Antonius de Hauville|Antoine de Hauville]]) : ''La Lyre chrestienne, avec la Monomachie de David et Goliath, et plusieurs autres chansons spirituelles, nouvellement mises en musique par Antoine de Hauville''. Lugduni Simon Gorlier, 1560; [https://www.e-rara.ch/gep_r/doi/10.3931/e-rara-61647 Textus apud E-rara] * 1561 : ''La description philosophale de la nature et condition des animaux tant raisonnables que bruts, avec le sens moral compris sur le naturel et condition d’iceulx''. Lugduni: Benoit Rigaud * 1564 : ''Figures de la Bible illustrées de huictains françoys''. Lugduni: Guillaume Rouillé; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k79186d Textu apud Gallica] ; Versiones * 1550, [[Marcus Tullius Cicero|Ciceronis]] aliorumque sententiae : ''Les Sentences de Marc Tulle Ciceron, ausquelles sont adjoustées plusieurs graves et illustres sentences, recueillies des plus excellens autheurs en la langue latine, traduites d'icelle en rythme françoyse'' Lugduni: Arnoullet, 1550 {{Google Books|kLI6AAAAcAAJ}} * 1558, ([[Palaephatus|Palaephati]] fabulae) : ''Premier livre des narrations fabuleuses, avec les discours et la vérité et histoires d’icelles, traduict par Guillaume Guéroult, auquel avons adjousté ancunes œuvres poétiques du mesme traducteur''. Lugduni: Robert Granjon, 1558; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k15210163 Textus apud Gallica] {{Google Books|GTo8AAAAcAAJ}} * 1558, [[Leonhartus Fuchsius|Leonharti Fuchsii]] ''[[De historia stirpium commentarii insignes]]'' : ''L'histoire des plantes, mis en commentaires par Léonart Fuschs ... et nouvellement traduict de latin en françoys, avec vraye observation de l'auteur''. Lugduni: Guillaume Rouille; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b86082904 Textus apud Gallica] ** 1575 : ''L'histoire des plantes reduicte en tres bon ordre, augmentée de plusieurs simples ... et illustrée par les commentaires de Leonarth Fusch ...''. Lugduni: par Charles Pesnot {{Google Books|IgZfAAAAcAAJ}} * 1561, [[Ioannes Petrus Cermenatus|Ioannis Petri Cermenati]] rhapsodia : ''Discours de la droite administration des royaumes et republiques, extrait de la rapsodie du S.I.P. Cermenat millanois''. Lugduni; [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k8719338v Textus apud Gallica]<ref>[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k8706392f Opus Latinum Cermenati eodem anno divulgatum</ref> == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Enea Balmas, "Tra Umanesimo e Riforma: Guillaume Guéroult, "terzo uomo" del processo Serveto" in ''Montaigne a Padova e altri studi sulla letterature francese del cinquecento'' (Patavii: Liviana editrice, 1962) pp. 109-223 * Enea Balmas, "Guillaume Guéroult traducteur des Psaumes" in ''Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France'' vol. 67 (1967) pp. 705-725 * Enea Balmas, "Le cas de Guillaume Guéroult" in Yves Giraud, ed., ''L’Emblème à la Renaissance'' (Lutetiae, 1982) pp. 127-135 * Enea Balmas, "À propos des emblèmes bibliques de G. Guéroult et de G. Simeoni" in ''Revue de Littérature Comparée'' vol. 64 (1990) pp. 645–651 * George Becker, ''Guillaume Guéroult et ses chansons spirituelles (XVIe siècle)''. Lutetiae: Fischbacher, 1880 * Daniela Boccassini, ''La Parola riscritta. Guillaume Gueroult, poeta e traduttore nella Francia della Riforma''. Florentiae: La Nuova Italia, 1985; [https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.2307/2862391 recensio huius operis] * Laurent Guillo, ''Les éditions musicales de la Renaissance lyonnaise''. Lutetiae: Klincksieck, 1991 * James Hutton, "Three Notes on French Authors: Desportes, Guéroult, Ronsard" in ''Modern Langage Notes'' vol. 55 (1940)pp. 579-581 == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} * "[https://imslp.org/wiki/Category:Guéroult,_Guillaume Guillaume Guéroult]" apud IMSLI {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|1569|Gueroaldus, Guillermus}} [[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Latini Renascentiae]] [[Categoria:Interpretes Latino-Francogallici]] [[Categoria:Editores]] b80nma6600jnfa36sym9p6tkglwev89 Guillermus Gueroaldus 0 326932 3974772 2026-07-26T14:58:54Z Andrew Dalby 1084 Andrew Dalby movit paginam [[Guillermus Gueroaldus]] ad [[Gulielmus Gueroult]]: verum nomen fonte confirmatum 3974772 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Gulielmus Gueroult]] cyrsndqlyn8pxbtxsgfl9asuk73ct12 Epistola de insulis nuper inventis 0 326933 3974812 2026-07-26T18:52:50Z Andrew Dalby 1084 Andrew Dalby movit paginam [[Epistola de insulis nuper inventis]] ad [[De insulis nuper inventis]] praeter redirectionem: titulus saepius usitatus 3974812 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[De insulis nuper inventis]] cfoxkcx2f6nfcqnc2fd44xfcdphv9do Hannibal Briganti 0 326934 3974817 2026-07-26T19:46:46Z Andrew Dalby 1084 temporaria 3974817 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res| }}<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> (c. 1520 -- 1582) fuit medicus et interpres textuum Latinorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1575, [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Delle Cose Che Vengono portate dall'Indie Occidentali pertinenti all'vso della Medicina''. Venetiis: Giordano Ziletti; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10186579 pars prima]; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10186580 pars secunda] * 1576, [[Garcias de Orta|Garciae de Orta]] ''[[Aromatum apud Indos nascentium historia|Colóquios dos simples e drogas he cousas medicinais da India]]'' : ''Due libri dell'historia dei semplici, aromati, et altre cose che vengono portare dall'Indie Orientali, pertinenti alla medicina, di Don Garzia dall'Horto ...''. Venetiae: Francesco Ziletti {{Ling|Italiane}} [http://archive.org/details/mobot31753000542719 Textus] apud ''Internet Archive'' ** 1616, omnibus : ''Dell'historia de i semplici aromati, et altre cose che vengono portate dall'Indie Orientali pertinenti all'vso della medicina'' etc. [https://archive.org/details/dellquothistori00orta/mode/2up Textus] apud ''Internet Archive'' == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} * "[https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/annibale-briganti_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ Briganti, Annibale]" in ''DBI'' {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|1582|Briganti, Hannibal}} dezwxlz28nn1jfr0ohf0kpo1163qt6y 3974828 3974817 2026-07-26T20:19:06Z Andrew Dalby 1084 3974828 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Hannibal Briganti}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> vulgo ''Annibale'' (c. 1520 -- 1582) fuit medicus et interpres textuum Latinorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1575, [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Delle Cose Che Vengono portate dall'Indie Occidentali pertinenti all'vso della Medicina''. Venetiis: Giordano Ziletti; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10186579 pars prima]; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10186580 pars secunda] * 1576, [[Garcias de Orta|Garciae de Orta]] ''[[Aromatum apud Indos nascentium historia|Colóquios dos simples e drogas he cousas medicinais da India]]'' : ''Due libri dell'historia dei semplici, aromati, et altre cose che vengono portare dall'Indie Orientali, pertinenti alla medicina, di Don Garzia dall'Horto ...''. Venetiae: Francesco Ziletti {{Ling|Italiane}} [http://archive.org/details/mobot31753000542719 Textus] apud ''Internet Archive'' ** 1616, omnibus : ''Dell'historia de i semplici aromati, et altre cose che vengono portate dall'Indie Orientali pertinenti all'vso della medicina'' etc. [https://archive.org/details/dellquothistori00orta/mode/2up Textus] apud ''Internet Archive'' == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} * "[https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/annibale-briganti_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ Briganti, Annibale]" in ''DBI'' {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|1582|Briganti, Hannibal}} e064ju72mjjpc6j4k57cttakzjr6c5p 3974829 3974828 2026-07-26T20:19:20Z Andrew Dalby 1084 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Medici Italiae]] 3974829 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Hannibal Briganti}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> vulgo ''Annibale'' (c. 1520 -- 1582) fuit medicus et interpres textuum Latinorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1575, [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Delle Cose Che Vengono portate dall'Indie Occidentali pertinenti all'vso della Medicina''. Venetiis: Giordano Ziletti; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10186579 pars prima]; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10186580 pars secunda] * 1576, [[Garcias de Orta|Garciae de Orta]] ''[[Aromatum apud Indos nascentium historia|Colóquios dos simples e drogas he cousas medicinais da India]]'' : ''Due libri dell'historia dei semplici, aromati, et altre cose che vengono portare dall'Indie Orientali, pertinenti alla medicina, di Don Garzia dall'Horto ...''. Venetiae: Francesco Ziletti {{Ling|Italiane}} [http://archive.org/details/mobot31753000542719 Textus] apud ''Internet Archive'' ** 1616, omnibus : ''Dell'historia de i semplici aromati, et altre cose che vengono portate dall'Indie Orientali pertinenti all'vso della medicina'' etc. [https://archive.org/details/dellquothistori00orta/mode/2up Textus] apud ''Internet Archive'' == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} * "[https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/annibale-briganti_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ Briganti, Annibale]" in ''DBI'' {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|1582|Briganti, Hannibal}} [[Categoria:Medici Italiae]] r3qs8haizmwo5tlkb4c4a65x3lra214 3974830 3974829 2026-07-26T20:19:54Z Andrew Dalby 1084 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Interpretes Latino-Italiani]] 3974830 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Hannibal Briganti}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> vulgo ''Annibale'' (c. 1520 -- 1582) fuit medicus et interpres textuum Latinorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1575, [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Delle Cose Che Vengono portate dall'Indie Occidentali pertinenti all'vso della Medicina''. Venetiis: Giordano Ziletti; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10186579 pars prima]; [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10186580 pars secunda] * 1576, [[Garcias de Orta|Garciae de Orta]] ''[[Aromatum apud Indos nascentium historia|Colóquios dos simples e drogas he cousas medicinais da India]]'' : ''Due libri dell'historia dei semplici, aromati, et altre cose che vengono portare dall'Indie Orientali, pertinenti alla medicina, di Don Garzia dall'Horto ...''. Venetiae: Francesco Ziletti {{Ling|Italiane}} [http://archive.org/details/mobot31753000542719 Textus] apud ''Internet Archive'' ** 1616, omnibus : ''Dell'historia de i semplici aromati, et altre cose che vengono portate dall'Indie Orientali pertinenti all'vso della medicina'' etc. [https://archive.org/details/dellquothistori00orta/mode/2up Textus] apud ''Internet Archive'' == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} * "[https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/annibale-briganti_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ Briganti, Annibale]" in ''DBI'' {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|1582|Briganti, Hannibal}} [[Categoria:Medici Italiae]] [[Categoria:Interpretes Latino-Italiani]] o1vvj7rgfs8n4j1buxk5id9dymgpmll Antonius Colinus 0 326935 3974818 2026-07-26T19:53:16Z Andrew Dalby 1084 initium 3974818 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Antonius Colin}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> vulgo ''Anthoine'', qui anno circiter 1600 floruit, fuit apothecarius et interpres textuum Latinorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; ''Histoire des drogues'' * 1602, [[Garcias de Orta|Garciae de Orta]] ''[[Aromatum apud Indos nascentium historia|Colóquios dos simples e drogas he cousas medicinais da India]]'' : ''Histoire des drogues, espiceries, et de certains médicamens simples, qui naissent és Indes ...'' in ''Histoire des drogues'' Lugduni, 1602 {{Google Books|vIvxO2Sit_AC}} * 1602, [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Histoire des simples medicamens apportés des Terres neuves, desquels on se sert en la medecine'', in ''Histoire des drogues''. Lugduni: Jean Pillehotte; [http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/BBX17002 Textus (situs difficilis)]; [https://archive.org/details/hin-wel-all-00002571-001 p. 343 sqq. tantum] {{Google Books|vIvxO2Sit_AC|p. 502 sqq. tantum}} [https://archive.org/details/histoiredessimpl00mona Editio 1619] == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|saeculo 17|Colin, Antonius}} 00quh4v843pnksaox1c47no4u79dwim 3974838 3974818 2026-07-26T21:00:10Z Andrew Dalby 1084 3974838 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Antonius Colin}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> vulgo ''Anthoine'', qui anno circiter 1600 floruit, fuit apothecarius et interpres textuum Latinorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; ''Histoire des drogues'' * 1602 [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k8705549t Textus apud Gallica] ** [[Garcias de Orta|Garciae de Orta]] ''[[Aromatum apud Indos nascentium historia|Colóquios dos simples e drogas he cousas medicinais da India]]'' : ''Histoire des drogues, espiceries, et de certains médicamens simples, qui naissent és Indes ...'' in ''Histoire des drogues'' Lugduni, 1602 {{Google Books|vIvxO2Sit_AC}} ** [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Histoire des simples medicamens apportés des Terres neuves, desquels on se sert en la medecine'', in ''Histoire des drogues''. Lugduni: Jean Pillehotte; [http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/BBX17002 Textus (situs difficilis)]; [https://archive.org/details/hin-wel-all-00002571-001 p. 343 sqq. tantum] {{Google Books|vIvxO2Sit_AC|p. 502 sqq. tantum}} * 1619 [https://archive.org/details/histoiredessimpl00mona Editio 1619] == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == * Bridget Bowers, "[https://bibulyon.hypotheses.org/12638#identifier_7_12638 L’Histoire des drogues d’Antoine Colin, apothicaire lyonnais]" (2019) apud ''Interfaces'' {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|saeculo 17|Colin, Antonius}} 1zymmkvwrd5qw9hcaoue4ansusws16j 3974839 3974838 2026-07-26T21:02:38Z Andrew Dalby 1084 3974839 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Antonius Colinus}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: vide effigiem nostram</ref> vulgo ''Anthoine Colin'', qui anno circiter 1600 floruit, fuit apothecarius et interpres textuum Latinorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; ''Histoire des drogues'' * 1602 [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k8705549t Textus apud Gallica] ** [[Garcias de Orta|Garciae de Orta]] ''[[Aromatum apud Indos nascentium historia|Colóquios dos simples e drogas he cousas medicinais da India]]'' : ''Histoire des drogues, espiceries, et de certains médicamens simples, qui naissent és Indes ...'' in ''Histoire des drogues'' Lugduni, 1602 {{Google Books|vIvxO2Sit_AC}} ** [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Histoire des simples medicamens apportés des Terres neuves, desquels on se sert en la medecine'', in ''Histoire des drogues''. Lugduni: Jean Pillehotte; [http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/BBX17002 Textus (situs difficilis)]; [https://archive.org/details/hin-wel-all-00002571-001 p. 343 sqq. tantum] {{Google Books|vIvxO2Sit_AC|p. 502 sqq. tantum}} * 1619 [https://archive.org/details/histoiredessimpl00mona Editio 1619] == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == * Bridget Bowers, "[https://bibulyon.hypotheses.org/12638#identifier_7_12638 L’Histoire des drogues d’Antoine Colin, apothicaire lyonnais]" (2019) apud ''Interfaces'' {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|saeculo 17|Colin, Antonius}} 597fj5wksatrtcchjl1cak06tooy9ql 3974840 3974839 2026-07-26T21:03:01Z Andrew Dalby 1084 Andrew Dalby movit paginam [[Antonius Colin]] ad [[Antonius Colinus]]: nomen Latinum 3974839 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Antonius Colinus}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: vide effigiem nostram</ref> vulgo ''Anthoine Colin'', qui anno circiter 1600 floruit, fuit apothecarius et interpres textuum Latinorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; ''Histoire des drogues'' * 1602 [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k8705549t Textus apud Gallica] ** [[Garcias de Orta|Garciae de Orta]] ''[[Aromatum apud Indos nascentium historia|Colóquios dos simples e drogas he cousas medicinais da India]]'' : ''Histoire des drogues, espiceries, et de certains médicamens simples, qui naissent és Indes ...'' in ''Histoire des drogues'' Lugduni, 1602 {{Google Books|vIvxO2Sit_AC}} ** [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Histoire des simples medicamens apportés des Terres neuves, desquels on se sert en la medecine'', in ''Histoire des drogues''. Lugduni: Jean Pillehotte; [http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/BBX17002 Textus (situs difficilis)]; [https://archive.org/details/hin-wel-all-00002571-001 p. 343 sqq. tantum] {{Google Books|vIvxO2Sit_AC|p. 502 sqq. tantum}} * 1619 [https://archive.org/details/histoiredessimpl00mona Editio 1619] == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == * Bridget Bowers, "[https://bibulyon.hypotheses.org/12638#identifier_7_12638 L’Histoire des drogues d’Antoine Colin, apothicaire lyonnais]" (2019) apud ''Interfaces'' {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|saeculo 17|Colin, Antonius}} 597fj5wksatrtcchjl1cak06tooy9ql 3974842 3974840 2026-07-26T21:04:32Z Andrew Dalby 1084 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Pharmacopolae]] 3974842 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Antonius Colinus}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: vide effigiem nostram</ref> vulgo ''Anthoine Colin'', qui anno circiter 1600 floruit, fuit apothecarius et interpres textuum Latinorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; ''Histoire des drogues'' * 1602 [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k8705549t Textus apud Gallica] ** [[Garcias de Orta|Garciae de Orta]] ''[[Aromatum apud Indos nascentium historia|Colóquios dos simples e drogas he cousas medicinais da India]]'' : ''Histoire des drogues, espiceries, et de certains médicamens simples, qui naissent és Indes ...'' in ''Histoire des drogues'' Lugduni, 1602 {{Google Books|vIvxO2Sit_AC}} ** [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Histoire des simples medicamens apportés des Terres neuves, desquels on se sert en la medecine'', in ''Histoire des drogues''. Lugduni: Jean Pillehotte; [http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/BBX17002 Textus (situs difficilis)]; [https://archive.org/details/hin-wel-all-00002571-001 p. 343 sqq. tantum] {{Google Books|vIvxO2Sit_AC|p. 502 sqq. tantum}} * 1619 [https://archive.org/details/histoiredessimpl00mona Editio 1619] == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == * Bridget Bowers, "[https://bibulyon.hypotheses.org/12638#identifier_7_12638 L’Histoire des drogues d’Antoine Colin, apothicaire lyonnais]" (2019) apud ''Interfaces'' {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|saeculo 17|Colin, Antonius}} [[Categoria:Pharmacopolae]] b2i5ptikiilwscp4ckemf5xle66b266 3974843 3974842 2026-07-26T21:04:45Z Andrew Dalby 1084 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] 3974843 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Antonius Colinus}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: vide effigiem nostram</ref> vulgo ''Anthoine Colin'', qui anno circiter 1600 floruit, fuit apothecarius et interpres textuum Latinorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; ''Histoire des drogues'' * 1602 [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k8705549t Textus apud Gallica] ** [[Garcias de Orta|Garciae de Orta]] ''[[Aromatum apud Indos nascentium historia|Colóquios dos simples e drogas he cousas medicinais da India]]'' : ''Histoire des drogues, espiceries, et de certains médicamens simples, qui naissent és Indes ...'' in ''Histoire des drogues'' Lugduni, 1602 {{Google Books|vIvxO2Sit_AC}} ** [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Histoire des simples medicamens apportés des Terres neuves, desquels on se sert en la medecine'', in ''Histoire des drogues''. Lugduni: Jean Pillehotte; [http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/BBX17002 Textus (situs difficilis)]; [https://archive.org/details/hin-wel-all-00002571-001 p. 343 sqq. tantum] {{Google Books|vIvxO2Sit_AC|p. 502 sqq. tantum}} * 1619 [https://archive.org/details/histoiredessimpl00mona Editio 1619] == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == * Bridget Bowers, "[https://bibulyon.hypotheses.org/12638#identifier_7_12638 L’Histoire des drogues d’Antoine Colin, apothicaire lyonnais]" (2019) apud ''Interfaces'' {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|saeculo 17|Colin, Antonius}} [[Categoria:Pharmacopolae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] i91xw0u6lxkd3zckgpbojhi5b2wbipx 3974844 3974843 2026-07-26T21:05:04Z Andrew Dalby 1084 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Interpretes Latino-Francogallici]] 3974844 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Antonius Colinus}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: vide effigiem nostram</ref> vulgo ''Anthoine Colin'', qui anno circiter 1600 floruit, fuit apothecarius et interpres textuum Latinorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; ''Histoire des drogues'' * 1602 [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k8705549t Textus apud Gallica] ** [[Garcias de Orta|Garciae de Orta]] ''[[Aromatum apud Indos nascentium historia|Colóquios dos simples e drogas he cousas medicinais da India]]'' : ''Histoire des drogues, espiceries, et de certains médicamens simples, qui naissent és Indes ...'' in ''Histoire des drogues'' Lugduni, 1602 {{Google Books|vIvxO2Sit_AC}} ** [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Histoire des simples medicamens apportés des Terres neuves, desquels on se sert en la medecine'', in ''Histoire des drogues''. Lugduni: Jean Pillehotte; [http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/BBX17002 Textus (situs difficilis)]; [https://archive.org/details/hin-wel-all-00002571-001 p. 343 sqq. tantum] {{Google Books|vIvxO2Sit_AC|p. 502 sqq. tantum}} * 1619 [https://archive.org/details/histoiredessimpl00mona Editio 1619] == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == * Bridget Bowers, "[https://bibulyon.hypotheses.org/12638#identifier_7_12638 L’Histoire des drogues d’Antoine Colin, apothicaire lyonnais]" (2019) apud ''Interfaces'' {{Anni vitae|saeculo 16|saeculo 17|Colin, Antonius}} [[Categoria:Pharmacopolae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] [[Categoria:Interpretes Latino-Francogallici]] scg1c4q2y83ohwfa5j7e543c580l494 Petrus Morwen 0 326936 3974819 2026-07-26T19:58:30Z Andrew Dalby 1084 initium 3974819 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Petrus Morwen}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> vulgo ''Peter Morwen'' seu ''Morwyng'' (natus anno 1530; anno 1582 mortuus) fuit interpres textuum Latinorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1559, [[Conradus Gesnerus|Conradi Gesneri]] ''[[De remediis secretis|Thesaurus Euonymi Philiatry de remediis secretis]]'' : ''The Treasure of Euonymus, conteyninge the wonderfull hid secretes of nature''; [https://archive.org/details/b30335000_0001/ Textus partim manu scriptus]; [https://archive.org/details/b30335000/ aliud exemplar imperfectum]; [https://web.archive.org/web/20211205164043/https://ota.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/repository/xmlui/handle/20.500.12024/A01662 editio interretialis] ** 1565 : ''A new booke of destillatyon of waters, called the Treasure of Euonymus ...''; [https://archive.org/details/b30334998_0002/page/n1/mode/2up Textus sine indice]; [https://archive.org/details/b30334998_0001 aliud exemplar sine indice]; [https://archive.org/details/bim_early-english-books-1475-1640_a-new-booke-of-destillat_gesner-conrad_1565 aliud aegre legibile sed cum indice rerum] == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|1530|1582|Morwen, Petrus}} cvoi5ok0p8hbqg8e5ve69jcr43dv608 3974827 3974819 2026-07-26T20:17:58Z Andrew Dalby 1084 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Interpretes Latino-Anglici]] 3974827 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Petrus Morwen}},<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> vulgo ''Peter Morwen'' seu ''Morwyng'' (natus anno 1530; anno 1582 mortuus) fuit interpres textuum Latinorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1559, [[Conradus Gesnerus|Conradi Gesneri]] ''[[De remediis secretis|Thesaurus Euonymi Philiatry de remediis secretis]]'' : ''The Treasure of Euonymus, conteyninge the wonderfull hid secretes of nature''; [https://archive.org/details/b30335000_0001/ Textus partim manu scriptus]; [https://archive.org/details/b30335000/ aliud exemplar imperfectum]; [https://web.archive.org/web/20211205164043/https://ota.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/repository/xmlui/handle/20.500.12024/A01662 editio interretialis] ** 1565 : ''A new booke of destillatyon of waters, called the Treasure of Euonymus ...''; [https://archive.org/details/b30334998_0002/page/n1/mode/2up Textus sine indice]; [https://archive.org/details/b30334998_0001 aliud exemplar sine indice]; [https://archive.org/details/bim_early-english-books-1475-1640_a-new-booke-of-destillat_gesner-conrad_1565 aliud aegre legibile sed cum indice rerum] == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|1530|1582|Morwen, Petrus}} [[Categoria:Interpretes Latino-Anglici]] evgmfj9ry1nrl1irh0381w1l8dtkaj5 Ioannes Frampton 0 326937 3974820 2026-07-26T20:02:27Z Andrew Dalby 1084 initium 3974820 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Ioannes Frampton}}<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> (1559 -- 1581) fuit interpres textuum Hispanicorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1577, [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Ioyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii (ex editione Hispanica 1565 versa) [https://search.wellcomelibrary.org/iii/encore/record/C__Rb1093319 citatio huius editionis] ** nova editio 1580 (ex editione Hispanica 1574 aucta) {{Google Books|OatkAAAAcAAJ}} ** nova editio 1596 [https://archive.org/details/mobot31753000810678 Textus] ** nova editio 1925 (editore [[Stephanus Gaselee|Stephano Gaselee]]) : ''Joyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|15591581|Frampton, Ioannes}} 2z1sky8zqiqado3iiopz8o2dzwqf90v 3974821 3974820 2026-07-26T20:04:32Z Andrew Dalby 1084 initium 3974821 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Ioannes Frampton}}<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> (1559 -- 1581) fuit mercator et interpres textuum Hispanicorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1577, [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Ioyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii (ex editione Hispanica 1565 versa) [https://search.wellcomelibrary.org/iii/encore/record/C__Rb1093319 citatio huius editionis] ** nova editio 1580 (ex editione Hispanica 1574 aucta) {{Google Books|OatkAAAAcAAJ}} ** nova editio 1596 [https://archive.org/details/mobot31753000810678 Textus] ** nova editio 1925 (editore [[Stephanus Gaselee|Stephano Gaselee]]) : ''Joyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|1559|1581|Frampton, Ioannes}} j7ttkzgta6etzrn0kft8n4g8cw6o9a5 3974822 3974821 2026-07-26T20:15:27Z Andrew Dalby 1084 + 3974822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Ioannes Frampton}}<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> (1559 -- 1581) fuit mercator et interpres textuum Hispanicorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1577, [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Ioyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii (ex editione Hispanica 1565 versa) [https://search.wellcomelibrary.org/iii/encore/record/C__Rb1093319 citatio huius editionis] ** nova editio 1580 (ex editione Hispanica 1574 aucta) {{Google Books|OatkAAAAcAAJ}} ** nova editio 1596 [https://archive.org/details/mobot31753000810678 Textus] == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Donald Beecher, "John Frampton of Bristol, trader and translator" in Carmine Di Biase, ed., ''Travel and translation in the early modern period'' (Amstelodami: Rodopi, 2006, ISBN 90-420-1768-6) pp. 103 sqq. * [[Stephanus Gaselee|Stephen Gaselee]], ed., ''Frampton's Monardes: Joyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii: Constable, 1925 {{Anni vitae|1559|1581|Frampton, Ioannes}} 3ma2mygo3l04q9qiddlytclt6fcb7dd 3974823 3974822 2026-07-26T20:15:55Z Andrew Dalby 1084 3974823 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Ioannes Frampton}}<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> (1559 -- 1581) fuit mercator et interpres textuum Hispanicorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1577, [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Ioyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii (ex editione Hispanica 1565 versa) [https://search.wellcomelibrary.org/iii/encore/record/C__Rb1093319 citatio huius editionis] ** nova editio 1580 (ex editione Hispanica 1574 aucta) {{Google Books|OatkAAAAcAAJ}} ** nova editio 1596 [https://archive.org/details/mobot31753000810678 Textus] == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Donald Beecher, "John Frampton of Bristol, trader and translator" in Carmine Di Biase, ed., ''Travel and translation in the early modern period'' (Amstelodami: Rodopi, 2006, ISBN 90-420-1768-6) pp. 103 sqq. * [[Stephanus Gaselee|Stephen Gaselee]], ed., ''Frampton's Monardes: Joyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii: Constable, 1925 {{Anni vitae|1559|1581|Frampton, Ioannes}} 9vn6qxa87jym8rqrb23qumwi7dmwjf9 3974824 3974823 2026-07-26T20:16:11Z Andrew Dalby 1084 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Mercatores]] 3974824 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Ioannes Frampton}}<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> (1559 -- 1581) fuit mercator et interpres textuum Hispanicorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1577, [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Ioyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii (ex editione Hispanica 1565 versa) [https://search.wellcomelibrary.org/iii/encore/record/C__Rb1093319 citatio huius editionis] ** nova editio 1580 (ex editione Hispanica 1574 aucta) {{Google Books|OatkAAAAcAAJ}} ** nova editio 1596 [https://archive.org/details/mobot31753000810678 Textus] == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Donald Beecher, "John Frampton of Bristol, trader and translator" in Carmine Di Biase, ed., ''Travel and translation in the early modern period'' (Amstelodami: Rodopi, 2006, ISBN 90-420-1768-6) pp. 103 sqq. * [[Stephanus Gaselee|Stephen Gaselee]], ed., ''Frampton's Monardes: Joyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii: Constable, 1925 {{Anni vitae|1559|1581|Frampton, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Mercatores]] qzuve73icmlix1h46hjxrvyxyd9xje5 3974825 3974824 2026-07-26T20:16:24Z Andrew Dalby 1084 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] 3974825 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Ioannes Frampton}}<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> (1559 -- 1581) fuit mercator et interpres textuum Hispanicorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1577, [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Ioyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii (ex editione Hispanica 1565 versa) [https://search.wellcomelibrary.org/iii/encore/record/C__Rb1093319 citatio huius editionis] ** nova editio 1580 (ex editione Hispanica 1574 aucta) {{Google Books|OatkAAAAcAAJ}} ** nova editio 1596 [https://archive.org/details/mobot31753000810678 Textus] == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Donald Beecher, "John Frampton of Bristol, trader and translator" in Carmine Di Biase, ed., ''Travel and translation in the early modern period'' (Amstelodami: Rodopi, 2006, ISBN 90-420-1768-6) pp. 103 sqq. * [[Stephanus Gaselee|Stephen Gaselee]], ed., ''Frampton's Monardes: Joyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii: Constable, 1925 {{Anni vitae|1559|1581|Frampton, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Mercatores]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] dxlaser56c79wj9hdo2po5386no2ts2 3974826 3974825 2026-07-26T20:16:58Z Andrew Dalby 1084 [[Project:HotCat|HotCat]]: +[[Categoria:Interpretes Hispano-Anglici]]; +[[Categoria:Incarcerati]] 3974826 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Ioannes Frampton}}<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> (1559 -- 1581) fuit mercator et interpres textuum Hispanicorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1577, [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Ioyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii (ex editione Hispanica 1565 versa) [https://search.wellcomelibrary.org/iii/encore/record/C__Rb1093319 citatio huius editionis] ** nova editio 1580 (ex editione Hispanica 1574 aucta) {{Google Books|OatkAAAAcAAJ}} ** nova editio 1596 [https://archive.org/details/mobot31753000810678 Textus] == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Donald Beecher, "John Frampton of Bristol, trader and translator" in Carmine Di Biase, ed., ''Travel and translation in the early modern period'' (Amstelodami: Rodopi, 2006, ISBN 90-420-1768-6) pp. 103 sqq. * [[Stephanus Gaselee|Stephen Gaselee]], ed., ''Frampton's Monardes: Joyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii: Constable, 1925 {{Anni vitae|1559|1581|Frampton, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Mercatores]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Interpretes Hispano-Anglici]] [[Categoria:Incarcerati]] 4buq6j54ju9jqftsj19y388fz4g1eow 3974835 3974826 2026-07-26T20:42:56Z Andrew Dalby 1084 3974835 wikitext text/x-wiki {{In usu}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} {{res|Ioannes Frampton}}<ref>Fons nominis Latini: </ref> (1559 -- 1581) fuit mercator et interpres textuum Hispanicorum. == Opera == ; A se composita ; Versiones * 1577, [[Nicolaus Monardes|Nicolai Monardes]] ''[[Simplicium medicamentorum ex novo orbe delatorum historia|Historia medicinal de las cosas que se traen de nuestras Indias Occidentales]]'' : ''Ioyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii (ex editione Hispanica 1565 versa) [https://search.wellcomelibrary.org/iii/encore/record/C__Rb1093319 citatio huius editionis] ** nova editio 1580 (ex editione Hispanica 1574 aucta) {{Google Books|OatkAAAAcAAJ}} ** nova editio 1596 [https://archive.org/details/mobot31753000810678 Textus] == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Donald Beecher, "John Frampton of Bristol, trader and translator" in Carmine Di Biase, ed., ''Travel and translation in the early modern period'' (Amstelodami: Rodopi, 2006, ISBN 90-420-1768-6) pp. 103 sqq. * [[Stephanus Gaselee|Stephen Gaselee]], ed., ''Frampton's Monardes: Joyfull newes out of the newe founde worlde''. Londinii: Constable, 1925 * Lawrence C. Wroth, "An Elizabethan Merchant and Man of Letters" in ''Huntington Library Quarterly'' vol. 4 (1954) pp. 299-314 {{Anni vitae|1559|1581|Frampton, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Mercatores]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Angliae]] [[Categoria:Interpretes Hispano-Anglici]] [[Categoria:Incarcerati]] itl2cwevgyd6w9wcu3tirpzskh0z73r Antonius Colin 0 326938 3974841 2026-07-26T21:03:02Z Andrew Dalby 1084 Andrew Dalby movit paginam [[Antonius Colin]] ad [[Antonius Colinus]]: nomen Latinum 3974841 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Antonius Colinus]] or31zazf0cku8w3pw3ozywlacvrw0dd Bill Irwin 0 326939 3974849 2026-07-26T22:11:46Z Bartholomite 116968 Bartholomite movit paginam [[Bill Irwin]] ad [[Gulielmus Irwin (histrio)]]: latine 3974849 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Gulielmus Irwin (histrio)]] 7hdsg1wb2h2yl82yq13ihj74qix93nn Vincentius D'Onofrio 0 326940 3974854 2026-07-26T23:27:24Z Bartholomite 116968 nova 3974854 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Vincentius Philippus D'Onofrio}} (natus [[Brooklynium|Brooklynii]] die [[30 Iunii]] [[1959]]) est [[histrio]] [[CFA|Americanus]]. == Pelliculae selectae == * [[1987]]: ''[[Full Metal Jacket]]'' (Leonard "Gomer Pyle" Lawrence) * [[1994]]: ''[[Ed Wood (pellicula)|Ed Wood]] ([[Orson Welles]]) * [[1997]]: ''[[Men in Black]]'' (Edgar) * [[2001]]-[[2011]]: ''[[Law & Order: Criminal Intent]]'' (Robert Goren) * [[2015]]: ''[[Jurassic World]]'' (Morton) * 2015-[[2018]]: ''[[Daredevil]]'' (Wilson Fish/Kingpin) == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Vincent D'Onofrio|Vincentium D'Onofrio}} {{Fontes biographici}} * {{IMDb|0000352|Vincentio D'Onofrio}} {{bio-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1959||D'Onofrio, Vincentius Philippus}} [[Categoria:Actores Civitatum Foederatarum]] 5vp3hfu0b3cc4hely1gxxu46e715t5z Formula:Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit 10 326941 3974860 2026-07-27T01:52:55Z Grufo 64423 Prima adumbratio 3974860 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Capsa usoris | imago = Translatewiki.net logo.svg | color-sinister = #fff | color-dexter = #f8f9fa | color-marginum = #add8e6 | propositum = {{{propositum|}}} | norma = {{{norma|}}} | dispositio = {{{dispositio|}}} | 1 = [[:translatewiki:|translatewiki.net]] hospitio [[:translatewiki:User:{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}|{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}}|{{#switch:{{{1|{{#ifeq:{{{propositum}}}|exhibitio|a|{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|m|f|a}}}}}}} | M | m = hunc usorem | F | f = hanc ustricem | #default = hanc ustricem usoremve }}]] excepit.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Interpretes Vicipaediani]]}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> qaonkg9c45xen5jbh6dqdjpshnpfuk3 3974870 3974860 2026-07-27T02:55:42Z Grufo 64423 ‘|2=’ → ‘|u=’ 3974870 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Capsa usoris | imago = Translatewiki.net logo.svg | color-sinister = #fff | color-dexter = #f8f9fa | color-marginum = #add8e6 | propositum = {{{propositum|}}} | norma = {{{norma|}}} | dispositio = {{{dispositio|}}} | 1 = [[:translatewiki:|translatewiki.net]] hospitio [[:translatewiki:User:{{#if:{{{u|}}}|{{{u}}}|{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}}|{{#switch:{{{1|{{#ifeq:{{{propositum}}}|exhibitio|a|{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}|m|f|a}}}}}}} | M | m = hunc usorem | F | f = hanc ustricem | #default = hanc ustricem usoremve }}]] excepit.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Interpretes Vicipaediani]]}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> addwkjh0g9832lvetownqmuu3cwq57x Formula:Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit/doc 10 326942 3974862 2026-07-27T01:55:35Z Grufo 64423 Prima adumbratio 3974862 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula numquam substituenda|...}} Si [[:translatewiki:|translatewiki.net]] semel vel saepius te vidit usorem aut ustricem, hanc formulam in tuo [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] ostendere potes. Paginae quae hanc formulam adhibent in [[:Categoria:Interpretes Vicipaediani]] numerantur. == De usu == '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus ([[sexus|sexu]] usoris sponte invento):''' {| |- | {{Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit|f}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {| |- | {{Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit|f|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit|m}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {| |- | {{Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit|m|propositum=exhibitio}} |} == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Si translatewiki.net semel vel saepius te vidit usorem aut ustricem, hanc formulam in tuo spatio nominali ostendere potes.", "format": "inline", "params": { "1": { "default": "{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}}", "description": "Sexus usoris (si omittitur iussus MediaVicialis ‘{{GENDER}}’ legetur)", "example": "f", "label": "Sexus", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "2": { "default": "{{ROOTPAGENAME}}", "description": "Nomen usoris apud translatewiki.net", "example": "Tullius", "label": "Nomen usoris", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "norma": { "default": "sinistra", "description": "Scribe ‘|norma=sinistra’ aut ‘|norma=dextera’ (vel ‘|norma=dextra’); si omittitur ‘|norma=sinistra’ legetur", "example": "dextra", "label": "Norma", "required": false, "type": "string" }, "dispositio": { "default": "verticalis", "description": "Scribe ‘|dispositio=horizontalis’ aut ‘|dispositio=verticalis’; si omittitur ‘|dispositio=verticalis’ legetur", "example": "horizontalis", "label": "Dispositio capsae", "required": false, "type": "string" } } }</templatedata> == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Interpretes Vicipaediani}} * [[:Categoria:Capsae usoris]] * {{Fn|Phabricator hospitio me excepit}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae in spatio nominali usoris adhibendae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae marginales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Capsae usoris|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> e9rnzyi6bapbt1cjn0dctvpwxhr26ns 3974871 3974862 2026-07-27T02:58:38Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem redintegravi 3974871 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula numquam substituenda|...}} Si [[:translatewiki:|translatewiki.net]] semel vel saepius te vidit usorem aut ustricem, hanc formulam in tuo [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] ostendere potes. Paginae quae hanc formulam adhibent in [[:Categoria:Interpretes Vicipaediani]] numerantur. == De usu == '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus ([[sexus|sexu]] usoris sponte invento):''' {| |- | {{Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit|f}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {| |- | {{Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit|f|propositum=exhibitio}} |} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus (in tua pagina usoris scribendus):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit|m}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {| |- | {{Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit|m|propositum=exhibitio}} |} == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Si translatewiki.net semel vel saepius te vidit usorem aut ustricem, hanc formulam in tuo spatio nominali ostendere potes.", "format": "inline", "params": { "1": { "label": "Sexus", "description": "Sexus usoris (si omittitur iussus MediaVicialis ‘{{GENDER}}’ legetur)", "type": "string", "required": false, "default": "{{GENDER:{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}}", "example": "f" }, "u": { "label": "Nomen usoris", "description": "Nomen usoris apud translatewiki.net", "type": "string", "required": false, "default": "{{ROOTPAGENAME}}", "example": "Tullius" }, "norma": { "label": "Norma", "default": "sinistra", "description": "Scribe ‘|norma=sinistra’ aut ‘|norma=dextera’ (vel ‘|norma=dextra’); si omittitur ‘|norma=sinistra’ legetur", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "dextra" }, "dispositio": { "label": "Dispositio capsae", "description": "Scribe ‘|dispositio=horizontalis’ aut ‘|dispositio=verticalis’; si omittitur ‘|dispositio=verticalis’ legetur", "type": "string", "required": false, "default": "verticalis", "example": "horizontalis" } } }</templatedata> == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Interpretes Vicipaediani}} * [[:Categoria:Capsae usoris]] * {{Fn|Phabricator hospitio me excepit}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae in spatio nominali usoris adhibendae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae marginales|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Capsae usoris|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> fvvqdq7pranbkrupj3f4cf7ofyy06ur Categoria:Interpretes Vicipaediani 14 326943 3974864 2026-07-27T01:57:12Z Grufo 64423 Prima adumbratio 3974864 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Categoria vestigatoria formularum|Translatewiki.net hospitio me excepit}} [[Categoria:Communitates Vicipaedianae]] 0wa5rnely5qvs508z1892ox710fd8g9 Monarchia Lusitana 0 326944 3974910 2026-07-27T05:30:08Z Jondel 452 Redirigens ad [[Regnum Portugalliae]] 3974910 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Regnum Portugalliae]] 6ypgs189eebdkccpaanbtz9oeq8u0wq Pargniacum subtus Mirevallem 0 326945 3974925 2026-07-27T10:15:36Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio a francica documentatione 3974925 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Pargniacum (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Pargny-sous-Mureau Eglise 1.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Pargniacum subtus Mirevallem: [[ecclesia (aedificium)|ecclesia]] [[Martinus Turonensis|Sancto Martino]] dicata.]] {{res|Pargniacum subtus Mirevallem}} seu '''Pauniacum'''<ref>{{Graesse}}, t. 3, p. 106.</ref> ([[Francogallice]]: ''Pargny-sous-Mureau'') est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 190 incolarum (anno [[2023]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|Vosegi]] in regione [[Magnus Oriens|Magno Oriente]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Vosegi]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Pargny-sous-Mureau|Pargniacum subtus Mirevallem}} {{Fontes geographici}} == Notae == <references /> {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Vosegi]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Vosegi]] 9z5usrq3f1odqdsx5xa5mudvijm71ze Disputatio:Pargniacum subtus Mirevallem 1 326946 3974926 2026-07-27T10:17:15Z Pippobuono 54500 attributio 3974926 wikitext text/x-wiki {{attributio|fr|Pargny-sous-Mureau|237249631}} kou9f6qstj57nppvacc9xl5bkch7c6p Pargny-sur-Saulx 0 326947 3974933 2026-07-27T10:32:49Z Pippobuono 54500 Pippobuono movit paginam [[Pargny-sur-Saulx]] ad [[Parneium (Matrona)]]: nomen attestatur in Graesse 3974933 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Parneium (Matrona)]] jn35vj5juxfudmcjwjevfeot1j4ofb9 Pargny-lès-Reims 0 326948 3974938 2026-07-27T10:43:08Z Pippobuono 54500 Pippobuono movit paginam [[Pargny-lès-Reims]] ad [[Pargniacum in Montana]]: nomen latine attestatur in Graesse 3974938 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Pargniacum in Montana]] dcgaj4hx0n69l4tbe2rsktpk2of3kmg Pargniacum (discretiva) 0 326949 3974941 2026-07-27T10:49:18Z Pippobuono 54500 creatio 3974941 wikitext text/x-wiki {{discretiva}} '''Pargniacum''' significare potest: == Toponyma == === Francia === * [[Parneium (Matrona)|Pargniacum]]: commune praefecturae [[Matrona (praefectura Franciae)|Matronae]] in regione orientali [[Alsatia Campania Arduenna et Lotharingia]]. * [[Pargniacum in Montana]]: commune praefecturae Matronae in provincia orientali Magno Oriente. * [[Pargniacum subtus Mirevallem]]: commune Franciae [[Vosegus (praefectura Franciae)|praefecturae Vosegi]]. 5ja6oe4arba1i3esnfn2viinz36zlcl